FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Igathinathane, C Archer, D Gustafson, C Schmer, M Hendrickson, J Kronberg, S Keshwani, D Backer, L Hellevang, K Faller, T AF Igathinathane, C. Archer, D. Gustafson, C. Schmer, M. Hendrickson, J. Kronberg, S. Keshwani, D. Backer, L. Hellevang, K. Faller, T. TI Biomass round bales infield aggregation logistics scenarios SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Baler; Bale layout; Collection; Farm machinery; Field stack ID SUPPLY ANALYSIS; CORN STOVER; SWITCHGRASS; STORAGE; HARVEST; MODEL; IBSAL AB Biomass bales often need to be aggregated (collected into groups and transported) to a field-edge stack or a temporary storage before utilization. Several logistics scenarios for aggregation involving equipment and aggregation strategies were modeled and evaluated. Cumulative Euclidean distance criteria evaluated the various aggregation scenarios. Application of a single-bale loader that aggregated bales individually was considered as the "control" scenario with which others were compared. A computer simulation program developed determined bale coordinates in ideal and random layouts that evaluated aggregation scenarios. Simulation results exhibited a "diamond pattern" of bales on ideal layout and a "random pattern" emerged when >= 10% variation was introduced. Statistical analysis revealed that the effect of field shape, swath width, biomass yield, and randomness on bale layout did not affect aggregation logistics, while area and number of bales handled had significant effects. Number of bales handled in the direct method significantly influenced the efficiency. Self-loading bale picker with minimum distance path (MDP, 80%) and parallel transport of loader and truck with MDP (78%) were ranked the highest, and single-bale central grouping the lowest (29%) among 19 methods studied. The MDP was found significantly more efficient (4%-16%) than the baler path. Simplistic methods, namely a direct triple-bale loader with MDP (64%-66%), or a loader and truck handling six bales running parallel with MDP (75%-82%) were highly efficient. Great savings on cumulative distances that directly influence time, fuel, and cost were realized when the number of bales handled was increased or additional equipment was utilized. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Igathinathane, C.; Backer, L.; Hellevang, K.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Archer, D.; Schmer, M.; Hendrickson, J.; Kronberg, S.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Gustafson, C.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agribusiness & Appl Econ, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Keshwani, D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Faller, T.] N Dakota State Univ, North Dakota Agr Expt Stn, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Igathinathane, C (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 1221 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Igathinathane.Cannayen@ndsu.edu OI Archer, David/0000-0002-4816-7040; Cannayen, Igathinathane/0000-0001-8884-7959 NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 66 BP 12 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.03.013 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AJ7LB UT WOS:000337877100002 ER PT J AU Porensky, LM Davison, J Leger, EA Miller, WW Goergen, EM Espeland, EK Carroll-Moore, EM AF Porensky, Lauren M. Davison, Jay Leger, Elizabeth A. Miller, W. Wally Goergen, Erin M. Espeland, Erin K. Carroll-Moore, Erin M. TI Grasses for biofuels: A low water-use alternative for cold desert agriculture? SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Walker lake; Panicum virgaturn; Cellulosic biofuel crops; Root diameter; Deficit irrigation; Arid ecosystems ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SEMIARID ENVIRONMENT; GRASSLAND; AVAILABILITY; IRRIGATION; MANAGEMENT; INVASION; BIOMASS; TRAITS AB In arid regions, reductions in the amount of available agricultural water are fueling interest in alternative, low water-use crops. Perennial grasses have potential as low wateruse biofuel crops. However, little is known about which perennial grasses can produce high quantity, high quality yields with low irrigation on formerly high-input agricultural fields in arid regions. We monitored biomass production, weed resistance, rooting depth, and root architecture of nine perennial grasses under multiple irrigation treatments in western Nevada. Under a low irrigation treatment (71 +/- 9 cm irrigation water annually), cool-season grasses produced more biomass and were more weed-resistant than warmseason grasses. With additional irrigation (120 +/- 12 cm water annually), warm- and coolseason grasses had similar biomass production, but cool-season species remained more weed-resistant. Among species within each grass type, we observed high variability in performance. Two cool-season species (Elytrigia elongata and Leymus cinereus) and one warm-season species (Bothriochloa ischaemum) performed better than the other tested species. Root depth was not correlated with biomass production, but species with deeper roots had fewer weeds. Abundance of fine roots (but not large roots) was correlated with increased biomass and fewer weeds. Both L. cinereus and E. elongata had deep root systems dominated by fine roots, while B. ischaemum had many fine roots in shallow soil but few roots in deeper soil. Cool-season grasses (particularly E. elongata, L. cinereus, and other species with abundant fine roots) may be worthy of further attention as potential biofuel crops for cold desert agriculture. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Porensky, Lauren M.; Leger, Elizabeth A.; Miller, W. Wally; Goergen, Erin M.; Espeland, Erin K.; Carroll-Moore, Erin M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Davison, Jay] Univ Nevada Cooperat Extens, Fallon, NV 89406 USA. RP Porensky, LM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Crops Res Lab, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM lauren.porensky@ars.usda.gov; davisonj@UNCE.unr.edu; eleger@cabnr.unr.edu; wilymalr@cabnr.unr.edu; erin.goergen@gmail.com; erin.espeland@ars.usda.gov; ecarrollmoore@gmail.com FU US Bureau of Reclamation [06FC204044] FX We thank Kevin Badik, Owen Baughman, Earl Creech, Colt Daniels, Cynthia Downs, Taraneh Emam, Akiko Endo, Michael Laca, Sandra Li, Allison Phillips, Anthony Regalia, Chris Simons, Cub Wolfe, and Hiro Zamma for field assistance. We are grateful to Michael Collopy for coordinating this project. We thank the VV and 5C Ranches for the opportunity to conduct research on their properties. This project was funded by a grant under Public Law 109-103, Section 208(a), through the US Bureau of Reclamation (Cooperative Agreement 06FC204044). NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 66 BP 133 EP 142 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.01.046 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AJ7LB UT WOS:000337877100014 ER PT J AU Rashid, U Knothe, G Yunus, R Evangelista, RL AF Rashid, Urner Knothe, Gerhard Yunus, Robiah Evangelista, Roque L. TI Kapok oil methyl esters SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Fuel properties; Kapok oil methyl esters; Transesterification; Viscosity ID FATTY-ACIDS; SEED OIL; BIODIESEL PRODUCTION; CETANE NUMBERS; FIBER; FUEL; REMOVAL; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; OPTIMIZATION; PETRODIESEL AB The increased need for biodiesel feedstocks has caused various vegetable oils to be examined for this purpose. In the present work, the methyl esters of kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil were prepared. The essential fuel properties were comprehensively determined and evaluated in comparison to specifications in biodiesel standards and some prior results. The kinematic viscosity of kapok oil methyl esters was greater than expected, an observation traced to the elevated amounts of methyl esters with cyclic moieties. Overall, kapok oil is a potential biodiesel feedstock. The H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of kapok methyl esters are reported. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rashid, Urner; Yunus, Robiah] Univ Putra Malaysia, Inst Adv Technol, Upm Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia. [Knothe, Gerhard; Evangelista, Roque L.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM umer.rashid@yahoo.com; gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov RI Rashid, Umer/C-9986-2011 OI Rashid, Umer/0000-0001-6224-413X NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 66 BP 419 EP 425 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2014.02.019 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AJ7LB UT WOS:000337877100044 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Lemaire, G Carvalho, PCD Sulc, RM Dedieu, B AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Lemaire, Gilles de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar Sulc, R. Mark Dedieu, Benoit TI Toward agricultural sustainability through integrated crop-livestock systems. II. Production responses Introduction SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lemaire, Gilles] INRA, Unite Pluridisciplinaire Prairies & Plantes Fourr, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Sulc, R. Mark] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dedieu, Benoit] INRA Sci Act & Dev, F-63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCSU Campus,Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RI Sulc, Reuben/N-3710-2016 OI Sulc, Reuben/0000-0003-2616-3492 NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 EI 1873-7331 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 57 SI SI BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.eja.2014.05.004 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AJ7GJ UT WOS:000337864900001 ER PT J AU Sulc, RM Franzluebbers, AJ AF Sulc, R. Mark Franzluebbers, Alan J. TI Exploring integrated crop-livestock systems in different ecoregions of the United States SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Crop-livestock integration; Cover crop grazing; Sod-based crop rotation; Sod-intercropping; Silvopasture; Dual-purpose crop ID US CORN-BELT; SOIL COMPACTION; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; GREAT-PLAINS; CROP/LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; FORAGE PRODUCTION; YIELD RESPONSE; GRAZING WHEAT; LIVING MULCH AB Large-scale, energy-intensive, specialized production systems have dominated agricultural production in the United States for the past half-century. Although highly productive and economically successful, there is increasing concern with unintended negative environmental impacts of current agricultural systems. Production systems integrating crops and livestock have potential for providing additional ecosystem services from agriculture by capturing positive ecological interactions and avoiding negative environmental outcomes, while sustaining profitability. A diversity of ecologically sound integrated crop-livestock systems have been and can be employed in different ecoregions: sod-based crop rotations, grazing cover crops in cash-crop rotations, crop residue grazing, sod intercropping, dual-purpose cereal crops, and agro-forestry/silvopasture. Improved technologies in conservation tillage, weed control, fertilization, fencing, and planting, as well as improved plant genetics offer opportunities to facilitate successful adoption of integrated systems. This paper explores the use and potential of integrated crop-livestock systems in achieving environmental stewardship and maintaining profitability under a diversity of ecological conditions in the United States. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sulc, R. Mark] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sulc, RM (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, 2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM sulc.2@osu.edu RI Sulc, Reuben/N-3710-2016 OI Sulc, Reuben/0000-0003-2616-3492 FU Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr. (OARDC); Ohio State Univ. Published as OARDC FX Salary and research support provided in part by state and federal funds appropriated to the Ohio Agric. Res. and Dev. Ctr. (OARDC) and The Ohio State Univ. Published as OARDC Journal Artic le HCS13-10. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 12 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 EI 1873-7331 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 57 SI SI BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.eja.2013.10.007 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AJ7GJ UT WOS:000337864900004 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Stuedernann, JA AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Stuedernann, John A. TI Crop and cattle production responses to tillage and cover crop management in an integrated crop-livestock system in the southeastern USA SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY LA English DT Article DE Average daily gain; Conservation tillage; Cover crop; Crop production; Integrated crop-livestock production ID CONSERVATION TILLAGE; SOUTHERN PIEDMONT; NO-TILLAGE; ROTATION; WHEAT; CORN; NITROGEN; YIELDS AB Integrated crop-livestock systems can help achieve greater environmental quality from disparate crop and livestock systems by recycling nutrients and taking advantage of synergies between systems. We investigated crop and animal production responses in integrated crop-livestock systems with two types of winter cover cropping (legume-derived N and inorganic fertilizer N), two types of tillage [conventional disk (CT) and no tillage (NT)], and whether cover crops were grazed by cow/calf pairs or not. The 13-ha field study was a modification of a previous factorial experiment with four replications on Ultisols in Georgia, USA. Recurring summer drought severely limited corn and soybean production during all three years. Type of cover crop had little influence and grazing of cover crops had minor influence on crop production characteristics. Cattle gain from grazing of winter cover crops added a stable component to production. No-tillage management had large positive effects on corn grain (95 vs. 252 g m(-2) under CT and NT, respectively) and stover (305 vs.385 gm(-2)) production, as well as on soybean grain (147 vs. 219 gm(-2)) and stover (253 vs. 375 g m(-2)) production, but little overall effect on winter wheat grain (292 gm(-2)) and stover (401 gm(-2)) production. Our results suggest that robust, diversified crop-livestock systems can be developed for impoverished soils of the southeastern USA, especially when managed under no tillage to control environmental quality and improve resistance of crops to drought. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stuedernann, John A.] USDA ARS, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3218 Williams Hall,NCSU Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program [2001-35107-11126]; Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn FX Thanks are extended to Mr. Steven W. Knapp for his excellent management of field and laboratory work on this project. We also thank Dwight Seman and CJ O'Mara for managing cattle, Robert Martin for analyzing samples for C and N, and Carson Pruitt, Zack Schroer, Kelley and Kim Lyness, Josh Cown, Amanda Limbaugh, Faye Black, Stephanie Steed, and Devin Berry for their assistance while students. Early financial support was provided by USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program (Agr. No. 2001-35107-11126) and the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for Corn. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1161-0301 EI 1873-7331 J9 EUR J AGRON JI Eur. J. Agron. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 57 SI SI BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.eja.2013.05.009 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AJ7GJ UT WOS:000337864900008 ER PT J AU Segredo, MPD Salvadori, DMF Rocha, NS Moretto, FCF Correa, CR Camargo, EA de Almeida, DC Reis, RAS Freire, CMM Braz, MG Tang, G Matsubara, LS Matsubara, BB Yeum, KJ Ferreira, ALA AF Pacifico de Freitas Segredo, M. Favero Salvadori, D. M. Rocha, N. S. Fontes Moretto, F. C. Correa, C. R. Camargo, E. A. de Almeida, D. C. Silva Reis, R. A. Murbach Freire, C. M. Braz, M. G. Tang, G. Matsubara, L. S. Matsubara, B. B. Yeum, K-J Ferreira, A. L. A. TI Oxidative stress on cardiotoxicity after treatment with single and multiple doses of doxorubicin SO HUMAN & EXPERIMENTAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Doxorubicin; heart; rat; antioxidant capacity; DNA damage; morphology ID ADRIAMYCIN-INDUCED CARDIOMYOPATHY; MYOCARDIAL ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; DNA-DAMAGE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; CANCER-PATIENTS; HEART-FAILURE; VITAMIN-E; ANTHRACYCLINE CARDIOTOXICITY; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; BETA-CAROTENE AB The mechanism of doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity remains controversial. Wistar rats (n = 66) received DOX injections intraperitoneally and were randomly assigned to 2 experimental protocols: (1) rats were killed before (-24 h, n = 8) and 24 h after (+24 h, n = 8) a single dose of DOX (4 mg/kg body weight) to determine the DOX acute effect and (2) rats (n = 58) received 4 injections of DOX (4 mg/kg body weight/week) and were killed before the first injection (M-0) and 1 week after each injection (M-1, M-2, M-3, and M4()) to determine the chronological effects. Animals used at M-0 (n = 8) were also used at moment -24 h of acute study. Cardiac total antioxidant performance (TAP), DNA damage, and morphology analyses were carried out at each time point. Single dose of DOX was associated with increased cardiac disarrangement, necrosis, and DNA damage (strand breaks (SBs) and oxidized pyrimidines) and decreased TAP. The chronological study showed an effect of a cumulative dose on body weight (R = -0.99, p = 0.011), necrosis (R = 1.00, p = 0.004), TAP (R = 0.95, p = 0.049), and DNA SBs (R = -0.95, p = 0.049). DNA SBs damage was negatively associated with TAP (R = -0.98, p = 0.018), and necrosis (R = -0.97, p = 0.027). Our results suggest that oxidative damage is associated with acute cardiotoxicity induced by a single dose of DOX only. Increased resistance to the oxidative stress is plausible for the multiple dose of DOX. Thus, different mechanisms may be involved in acute toxicity versus chronic toxicity. C1 [Pacifico de Freitas Segredo, M.; Fontes Moretto, F. C.; Correa, C. R.; Silva Reis, R. A.; Matsubara, L. S.; Matsubara, B. B.; Ferreira, A. L. A.] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Internal Med, Botucatu Med Sch, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Favero Salvadori, D. M.; Camargo, E. A.; de Almeida, D. C.; Murbach Freire, C. M.; Braz, M. G.] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Pathol, Botucatu Med Sch, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Rocha, N. S.] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Clin Vet Med, Fac Vet Med, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Tang, G.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Yeum, K-J] Konkuk Univ, Div Food Biosci, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Chungju Si, South Korea. RP Ferreira, ALA (reprint author), Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Dept Internal Med, Botucatu Med Sch, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. EM ferreira@fmb.unesp.br RI Salvadori, Daisy/E-7744-2012; OI Salvadori, Daisy/0000-0001-9323-3134; Braz, Mariana/0000-0003-4413-226X FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil (FAPESP) [2007/07455-2]; Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq PQ-II) [302293/2012-4]; Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-0707] FX The present study was financially supported in part by Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil (FAPESP # 2007/07455-2), Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa (CNPq PQ-II # 302293/2012-4), by Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa UNESP, Sao Paulo, Brazil, and by a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (# 58-1950-7-0707). Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the funders. NR 58 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0960-3271 EI 1477-0903 J9 HUM EXP TOXICOL JI Hum. Exp. Toxicol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 33 IS 7 BP 748 EP 760 DI 10.1177/0960327113512342 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AJ9GL UT WOS:000338015700008 PM 24275640 ER PT J AU Gawde, A Cantrella, CL Zheljazkov, VD Astatkie, T Schlegel, V AF Gawde, Archana Cantrella, Charles L. Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Astatkie, Tess Schlegel, Vicki TI Steam distillation extraction kinetics regression models to predict essential oil yield, composition, and bioactivity of chamomile oil SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Matricaria chamomilla; Matricaria recutita; Essential oil profile; Chamomile antioxidant capacity; Chamomile antimicrobial activity ID JUNIPERUS-SCOPULORUM TREES; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; DRYING METHODS; TIME; CAPACITY; ASSAY; L. AB Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) is one of the most widely spread and used medicinal and essential oil crops in the world. Chamomile essential oil is extracted via steam distillation of the inflorescences (flowers). In this study, distillation time (DT) was found to be a crucial determinant of yield and composition of chamomile essential oil, but not of the antioxidant capacity. Essential oil obtained at 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, 480, 600, and 720 min showed significant increase in oil yield with increasing DT, reaching a maximum of 3.1 g oil per 1000 g of flowers at 720 min. The major compounds that were identified and quantified were anethole, beta-farnesene, spathulenol, alpha-bisabolol oxide B, alpha-bisabolone oxide A, chamazulene, alpha-bisabolol oxide A, and spiroether. beta-farnesene showed a decrease in content with increasing DT, whereas alpha-bisabolol oxide A, spiroether, and chamazulene rapidly increased up to 240 min, after which it started to plateau showing negligible change. Anethole content showed a steady decrease over time from approximately 2.4% at 30 min to 0.54% at 720 min. Yields of spathulenol, alpha-bisabolol oxide B, alpha-bisabolol oxide A, alpha-bisabolone oxide A, chamazulene, and spiroether essential oil constituents expressed as g/100 g of dried chamomile inflorescences showed a steady increase that was described well by the Michaelis-Menton model. If higher concentrations of alpha-bisabolol oxide A and chamazulene, and higher oil yields are desired, chamomile flowers must be steam distilled for 480 min. However, if oil with high beta-famesene concentration is desirable, then chamomile flowers should be distilled for 30 min. Distillation time can be used as a modifier of chamomile essential oil yield and composition. The kinetics regression models developed in this study can be utilized to predict essential oil yield, and composition of chamomile oil. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gawde, Archana; Cantrella, Charles L.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Gawde, Archana; Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS B2N 5E3, Canada. [Schlegel, Vicki] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Zheljazkov, VD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, 663 Wyarno Rd, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. EM valtcho.pubs@gmail.com RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012; OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789; Gawde, Archana/0000-0002-6495-3850 FU University of Wyoming Outreach School; Department of Plant Science FX The authors thank Jeremiah Vardiman, Rochelle Koltiska, and Ekaterina Jeliazkova from the University of Wyoming Sheridan Research and Extension Center for their help with the laboratory work, and the extraction and measurements of the chamomile oils. The authors also thank Solomon Green III and Amber Reichley for technical assistance at the National Center for Natural Products Research in Oxford, MS and USDA-ARS. Financial support was provided in part by the University of Wyoming Outreach School and the Department of Plant Science allocations to Valtcho D. Jeliazkov (Zheljazkov). NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 58 BP 61 EP 67 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.04.001 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AJ8UZ UT WOS:000337984700009 ER PT J AU Frazier-Wood, AC Aslibekyan, S Absher, DM Hopkins, PN Sha, J Tsai, MY Tiwari, HK Waite, LL Zhi, DG Arnett, DK AF Frazier-Wood, Alexis C. Aslibekyan, Stella Absher, Devin M. Hopkins, Paul N. Sha, Jin Tsai, Michael Y. Tiwari, Hemant K. Waite, Lindsay L. Zhi, Degui Arnett, Donna K. TI Methylation at CPT1A locus is associated with lipoprotein subfraction profiles SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE epigenome-wide association study; low density lipoprotein size; very low density lipoprotein size; high density lipoprotein size; lipoprotein diameter; lipoprotein particle number; nuclear magnetic resonance data; Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network; carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; PARTICLE-SIZE; EXPRESSION; GENE; LDL; SPECTROSCOPY; TOLERANCE AB Lipoprotein subfractions help discriminate cardiometabolic disease risk. Genetic loci validated as associating with lipoprotein measures do not account for a large proportion of the individual variation in lipoprotein measures. We hypothesized that DNA methylation levels across the genome contribute to interindividual variation in lipoprotein measures. Using data from participants of the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (n = 663 for discovery and n = 331 for replication stages, respectively), we conducted the first systematic screen of the genome to determine associations between methylation status at similar to 470,000 cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in CD4(+) T cells and 14 lipoprotein subfraction measures. We modeled associations between methylation at each CpG site and each lipoprotein measure separately using linear mixed models, adjusted for age, sex, study site, cell purity, and family structure. We identified two CpGs, both in the carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1A (CPT1A) gene, which reached significant levels of association with VLDL and LDL subfraction parameters in both discovery and replication phases (P < 1.1 x 10(-7) in the discovery phase, P < .004 in the replication phase, and P < 1.1 x 10(-12) in the full sample). CPT1A is regulated by PPAR alpha, a ligand for drugs used to reduce CVD. Our associations between methylation in CPT1A and lipoprotein measures highlight the epigenetic role of this gene in metabolic dysfunction. C1 [Frazier-Wood, Alexis C.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Aslibekyan, Stella; Absher, Devin M.; Sha, Jin; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Absher, Devin M.; Waite, Lindsay L.] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Tiwari, Hemant K.; Waite, Lindsay L.; Zhi, Degui] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Sect Stat Genet, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Frazier-Wood, AC (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM Lekki.Wood@Gmail.com RI Wood, Lekki/B-8053-2010 OI Wood, Lekki/0000-0001-7616-2119 FU National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01HL072524, U01HL72524, R01HL091357, R01HL104135] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grants U01HL072524, U01HL72524, R01HL091357, and R01HL104135. All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. NR 35 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 EI 1539-7262 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 55 IS 7 BP 1324 EP 1330 DI 10.1194/jlr.M048504 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AJ9GZ UT WOS:000338017400012 PM 24711635 ER PT J AU Tripathy, S Lytle, KA Stevens, RD Bain, JR Newgard, CB Greenberg, AS Huang, LS Jump, DB AF Tripathy, Sasmita Lytle, Kelli A. Stevens, Robert D. Bain, James R. Newgard, Christopher B. Greenberg, Andrew S. Huang, Li-Shin Jump, Donald B. TI Fatty acid elongase-5 (Elovl5) regulates hepatic triglyceride catabolism in obese C57BL/6J mice SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fatty liver; adipocyte triglyceride lipase; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4; peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta; fatty acid oxidation ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PPAR-ALPHA; LIVER-DISEASE; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; LIPID-ACCUMULATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE AB Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a major public health concern in the obese and type 2 diabetic populations. The high-fat lard diet induces obesity and fatty liver in C57BL/6J mice and suppresses expression of the PPAR-target gene, FA elongase 5 (Elovl5). Elovl5 plays a key role in MUFA and PUFA synthesis. Increasing hepatic Elovl5 activity in obese mice lowered hepatic TGs and endoplasmic reticulum stress markers (X-box binding protein 1 and cAMP-dependent transcription factor 6 alpha) and increased TG catabolism and fatty acyl carnitines. Increased hepatic Elovl5 activity did not increase hepatic capacity for beta-oxidation. Elovl5 effects on hepatic TG catabolism were linked to increased protein levels of adipocyte TG lipase (ATGL) and comparative gene identification 58 (CGI58). Elevated hepatic Elovl5 activity also induced the expression of some (pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 and fibroblast growth factor 21), but not other cytochrome P450 4A10 (CYP4A10), PPAR-target genes. FA products of Elovl5 activity increased ATGL, but not CGI58, mRNA through PPAR beta-dependent mechanisms in human HepG2 cells. Treatment of mouse AML12 hepatocytes with the PPAR beta agonist (GW0742) decreased C-14-18:2,n-6 in TGs but did not affect beta-oxidation. These studies establish that Elovl5 activity regulates hepatic levels of FAs controlling PPAR beta activity, ATGL expression, and TG catabolism, but not FA oxidation. C1 [Tripathy, Sasmita; Lytle, Kelli A.; Jump, Donald B.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Biol & Populat Hlth Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Tripathy, Sasmita; Lytle, Kelli A.; Jump, Donald B.] Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stevens, Robert D.; Bain, James R.; Newgard, Christopher B.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Sarah W Stedman Nutr & Metab Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Greenberg, Andrew S.] Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Huang, Li-Shin] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Med, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Jump, DB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Sch Biol & Populat Hlth Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Donald.Jump@oregonstate.edu OI Bain, James/0000-0002-8917-9187 FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65200-05846]; National Institutes of Health [DK043220, DK094600, AA020561] FX This work was supported the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant 2009-65200-05846 and the National Institutes of Health Grants DK043220 (D.B.J.), DK094600 (D.B.J.), and AA020561 (L-S.H.). NR 66 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0022-2275 EI 1539-7262 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 55 IS 7 BP 1448 EP 1464 DI 10.1194/jlr.M050062 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AJ9GZ UT WOS:000338017400023 PM 24814977 ER PT J AU Baer, DJ Stote, KS Henderson, T Paul, DR Okuma, K Tagami, H Kanahori, S Gordon, DT Rumpler, WV Ukhanova, M Culpepper, T Wang, XY Mai, V AF Baer, David J. Stote, Kim S. Henderson, Theresa Paul, David R. Okuma, Kazuhiro Tagami, Hiroyuki Kanahori, Sumiko Gordon, Dennis T. Rumpler, William V. Ukhanova, Maria Culpepper, Tyler Wang, Xiaoyu Mai, Volker TI The Metabolizable Energy of Dietary Resistant Maltodextrin Is Variable and Alters Fecal Microbiota Composition in Adult Men SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID INDIRECT CALORIMETRY; GASTROINTESTINAL TOLERANCE; RUMINOCOCCUS-BROMII; HUMAN COLON; FIBER; HUMANS; FAT; CARBOHYDRATE; STARCH; DIGESTIBILITIES AB Resistant maltodextrin (RM) is a novel soluble, nonviscous dietary fiber. Its metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE) values derived from nutrient balance studies are unknown, as is the effect of RM on fecal microbiota. A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study was conducted (n = 14 men) to determine the ME and NE of RM and its influence on fecal excretion of macronutrients and microbiota. Participants were assigned to a sequence consisting of 3 treatment periods [24 d each: 0 g/d RM + 50 g/d maltodextrin and 2 amounts of dietary RM (25 g/d RM + 25 g of maltodextrin/d and 50 g/d RM + 0 g/d maltodextrin)] and were provided all the foods they were to consume to maintain their body weight. After an adaptation period, excreta were collected during a 7-d period. After the collection period, 24-h energy expenditure was measured. Fluorescence in situ hybridization, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and 454 titanium technology based 16S rRNA sequencing were used to analyze fecal microbiota composition. Fecal amounts of energy (544, 662, 737 kJ/d), nitrogen (1.5, 1.8, 2.1 g/d), RM (0.3, 0.6, 1.2 g/d), and total carbohydrate (11.1, 14.2, 16.2 g/d) increased with increasing dose (0, 25, 50 g) of RM (P < 0.0001). Fat excretion did not differ among treatments. The ME value of RM was 8.2 and 10.4 kJ/g, and the NE value of RM was -8.2 and 2.0 kJ/g for the 25 and 50 g/d RM doses, respectively. Both doses of RM increased fecal wet weight (118, 148, 161 g/d; P < 0.0001) and fecal dry weight (26.5, 32.0, 35.8 g/d; P < 0.0001) compared with the maltodextrin placebo. Total counts of fecal bacteria increased by 12% for the 25 g/d RM dose (P = 0.17) and 18% for the 50 g/d RM dose (P = 0.019). RM intake was associated with statistically significant increases (P < 0.001) in various operational taxonomic units matching closest to ruminococcus, eubacteriurn, lachnospiraceae, bacteroides, holdemania, and faecalibactenum, implicating RM in their growth in the gut Our findings provide empirical data important for food labeling regulations related to the energy value of RM and suggest that RM increases fecal bulk by enhancing the excretion of nitrogen and carbohydrate and the growth of specific microbial populations. C1 [Baer, David J.; Stote, Kim S.; Henderson, Theresa; Paul, David R.; Rumpler, William V.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Okuma, Kazuhiro; Tagami, Hiroyuki; Kanahori, Sumiko; Gordon, Dennis T.] Matsutani Chem Ind, Itami, Hyogo, Japan. [Ukhanova, Maria; Culpepper, Tyler; Wang, Xiaoyu; Mai, Volker] Univ Florida, Coll Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Dept Epidemiol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Ukhanova, Maria; Culpepper, Tyler; Wang, Xiaoyu; Mai, Volker] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Emerging Pathogen Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM David.Baer@ars.usda.gov FU Matsutani Chemical Industry; USDA FX Supported by Matsutani Chemical Industry for research and test products and the USDA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 144 IS 7 BP 1023 EP 1029 DI 10.3945/jn.113.185298 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AJ8UU UT WOS:000337984200005 PM 24744316 ER PT J AU Semba, RD Gebauer, SK Baer, DJ Sun, K Turner, R Silber, HA Talegawkar, S Ferrucci, L Novotny, JA AF Semba, Richard D. Gebauer, Sarah K. Baer, David J. Sun, Kai Turner, Randi Silber, Harry A. Talegawkar, Sameera Ferrucci, Luigi Novotny, Janet A. TI Dietary Intake of Advanced Glycation End Products Did Not Affect Endothelial Function and Inflammation in Healthy Adults in a Randomized Controlled Trial SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE MORTALITY; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; EPSILON-CARBOXYMETHYL-LYSINE; SERUM-LEVELS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RISK-FACTORS; FOODS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ENDPRODUCTS AB When food is heated to high temperatures, the characteristic "browning" generates advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and other adverse outcomes. Whether dietary AGEs are absorbed and are harmful to human health remains highly controversial. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of a diet high or low in AGEs on endothelial function, circulating AGEs, inflammatory mediators, and circulating receptors for AGEs in healthy adults. A randomized, parallel-arm, controlled dietary intervention was conducted for 6 wk with 24 healthy adults, aged 50-69 y, that compared isocaloric, food-equivalent diets that were prepared at either high or mild temperatures. Peripheral arterial tonometry, serum and urine carboxmethyl-lysine (CM L), inflammatory mediators (interleukin-6, C-reactive protein, vascular adhesion molecule-1, and tumor necrosis factor-a receptors I and II), soluble receptor for AGEs, and endogenous secretory receptor for AGEs were measured at baseline and after 6 wk of dietary intervention. In the low-AGE diet group, the following changed from baseline to 6 wk (mean +/- SE): serum CM L from 763 +/- 24 to 679 +/- 29 ng/mL (P = 0.03) and urine CML from 1.37 +/- 1.47 to 0.77 +/- 2.01 mu g/mL creatinine (P = 0.02). There were no significant changes in serum and urinary CML concentrations from baseline to follow-up in the high-AGE diet group. A high- or low-AGE diet had no significant impact on peripheral arterial tonometry or any inflammatory mediators after 6 wk of dietary intervention. In healthy middle-aged to older adults, consumption of a diet high or low in AGEs for 6 wk had no impact on endothelial function and inflammatory mediators, 2 precursors of cardiovascular disease. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01402973. C1 [Semba, Richard D.; Sun, Kai; Turner, Randi; Silber, Harry A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Semba, Richard D.; Sun, Kai; Turner, Randi; Silber, Harry A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Gebauer, Sarah K.; Baer, David J.; Novotny, Janet A.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Talegawkar, Sameera] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Ferrucci, Luigi] NIA, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. RP Semba, RD (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM rdsemba@jhmi.edu FU NIH [R01 AG027012, R01 HL094507]; Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging; USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center FX Supported by NIH grants R01 AG027012 and R01 HL094507, the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, and the USDA Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center. NR 33 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 144 IS 7 BP 1037 EP 1042 DI 10.3945/jn.113.189480 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AJ8UU UT WOS:000337984200007 PM 24744309 ER PT J AU Feeney, MJ Dwyer, J Hasler-Lewis, CM Milner, JA Noakes, M Rowe, S Wach, M Beelman, RB Caldwel, J Cantorna, MT Castlebury, LA Chang, ST Cheskin, LJ Clemens, R Drescher, G Fulgoni, VL Haytowitz, DB Hubbard, VS Law, D Miller, AM Minor, B Percival, SS Riscuta, G Schneeman, B Thornsbury, S Toner, CD Woteki, CE Wu, DY AF Feeney, Mary Jo Dwyer, Johanna Hasler-Lewis, Clare M. Milner, John A. Noakes, Manny Rowe, Sylvia Wach, Mark Beelman, Robert B. Caldwel, Joe Cantorna, Margherita T. Castlebury, Lisa A. Chang, Shu-Ting Cheskin, Lawrence J. Clemens, Roger Drescher, Greg Fulgoni, Victor L., III Haytowitz, David B. Hubbard, Van S. Law, David Miller, Amy Myrdal Minor, Bart Percival, Susan S. Riscuta, Gabriela Schneeman, Barbara Thornsbury, Suzanne Toner, Cheryl D. Woteki, Catherine E. Wu, Dayong TI Mushrooms and Health Summit Proceedings SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Mushrooms and Health Summit CY SEP 09-10, 2013 CL Washington, DC SP Mushroom Council ID WHITE BUTTON MUSHROOMS; AGARICUS-BISPORUS; ERGOTHIONEINE TRANSPORTER; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION; CULTIVATED MUSHROOMS; EDIBLE MUSHROOMS; MICE; CARCINOGENESIS; INFLAMMATION; ACCELERATE AB The Mushroom Council convened the Mushrooms and Health Summit in Washington, DC, on 9-10 September 2013. The proceedings are synthesized in this article. Although mushrooms have long been regarded as health-promoting foods, research specific to their role in a healthful diet and in health promotion has advanced in the past decade. The earliest mushroom cultivation was documented in China, which remains among the top global mushroom producers, along with the United States, Italy, The Netherlands, and Poland. Although considered a vegetable in dietary advice, mushrooms are fungi, set apart by vitamin B-12 in very low quantity but in the same form found in meat, ergosterol converted with UV light to vitamin D-2, and conjugated linoleic acid. Mushrooms are a rare source of ergothioneine as well as selenium, fiber, and several other vitamins and minerals. Some preclinical and clinical studies suggest impacts of mushrooms on cognition, weight management, oral health, and cancer risk. Preliminary evidence suggests that mushrooms may support healthy immune and inflammatory responses through interaction with the gut microbiota, enhancing development of adaptive immunity, and improved immune cell functionality. In addition to imparting direct nutritional and health benefits, analysis of U.S. food intake survey data reveals that mushrooms are associated with higher dietary quality. Also, early sensory research suggests that mushrooms blended with meats and lower sodium dishes are well liked and may help to reduce intakes of red meat and salt without compromising taste. As research progresses on the specific health effects of mushrooms, there is a need for effective communication efforts to leverage mushrooms to improve overall dietary quality. C1 [Feeney, Mary Jo] Consultant Food & Agr Ind, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, Tufts Med Sch, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hasler-Lewis, Clare M.] Univ Calif Davis, Robert Mondavi Inst Wine & Food Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Milner, John A.] ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Noakes, Manny] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Rowe, Sylvia] SR Strategy LLC, Washington, DC USA. [Wach, Mark] Sylvan Inc, Kittanning, PA USA. [Beelman, Robert B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Ctr Plant & Mushroom Prod Hlth, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Caldwel, Joe] Monterey Mushrooms Inc, Watsonville, CA USA. [Cantorna, Margherita T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Castlebury, Lisa A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Chang, Shu-Ting] Chinese Univ Hong Kong, McKellar, ACT, Australia. [Cheskin, Lawrence J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Johns Hopkins Weight Management Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cheskin, Lawrence J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. [Clemens, Roger] Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Int Ctr Regulatory Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Drescher, Greg] Culinary Inst Amer, Hyde Pk, NY USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. [Haytowitz, David B.] ARS, Nutr Data Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hubbard, Van S.] NIH, Div Nutr Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hubbard, Van S.] NIDDK, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Law, David] Gourmet Mushrooms Inc, Sebastopol, CA USA. [Miller, Amy Myrdal] Culinary Inst Amer, St Helena, CA USA. [Minor, Bart] Mushroom Council, San Jose, CA USA. [Percival, Susan S.] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Riscuta, Gabriela] NCI, Nutr Sci Res Grp, Canc Prevent Div, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Schneeman, Barbara] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Thornsbury, Suzanne] Serv Econ Res, Market & Trade Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Toner, Cheryl D.] CDT Consulting LLC, Herndon, VA USA. [Woteki, Catherine E.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Feeney, MJ (reprint author), Consultant Food & Agr Ind, Los Altos, CA 94022 USA. EM mj@feeney.us.com OI Dwyer, Johanna/0000-0002-0783-1769 NR 72 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 8 U2 55 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 144 IS 7 BP 1128S EP 1136S DI 10.3945/jn.114.190728 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AJ8UU UT WOS:000337984200020 PM 24812070 ER PT J AU Schmutz, J McClean, PE Mamidi, S Wu, GA Cannon, SB Grimwood, J Jenkins, J Shu, SQ Song, QJ Chavarro, C Torres-Torres, M Geffroy, V Moghaddam, SM Gao, DY Abernathy, B Barry, K Blair, M Brick, MA Chovatia, M Gepts, P Goodstein, DM Gonzales, M Hellsten, U Hyten, DL Jia, GF Kelly, JD Kudrna, D Lee, R Richard, MMS Miklas, PN Osorno, JM Rodrigues, J Thareau, V Urrea, CA Wang, M Yu, Y Zhang, M Wing, RA Cregan, PB Rokhsar, DS Jackson, SA AF Schmutz, Jeremy McClean, Phillip E. Mamidi, Sujan Wu, G. Albert Cannon, Steven B. Grimwood, Jane Jenkins, Jerry Shu, Shengqiang Song, Qijian Chavarro, Carolina Torres-Torres, Mirayda Geffroy, Valerie Moghaddam, Samira Mafi Gao, Dongying Abernathy, Brian Barry, Kerrie Blair, Matthew Brick, Mark A. Chovatia, Mansi Gepts, Paul Goodstein, David M. Gonzales, Michael Hellsten, Uffe Hyten, David L. Jia, Gaofeng Kelly, James D. Kudrna, Dave Lee, Rian Richard, Manon M. S. Miklas, Phillip N. Osorno, Juan M. Rodrigues, Josiane Thareau, Vincent Urrea, Carlos A. Wang, Mei Yu, Yeisoo Zhang, Ming Wing, Rod A. Cregan, Perry B. Rokhsar, Daniel S. Jackson, Scott A. TI A reference genome for common bean and genome-wide analysis of dual domestications SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SEQUENCE DATA; DIVERSIFICATION; REVEALS; SELECTION; CLUSTER; ORIGIN; LOCI AB Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is the most important grain legume for human consumption and has a role in sustainable agriculture owing to its ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. We assembled 473 Mb of the 587-Mb genome and genetically anchored 98% of this sequence in 11 chromosome-scale pseudomolecules. We compared the genome for the common bean against the soybean genome to find changes in soybean resulting from polyploidy. Using resequencing of 60 wild individuals and 100 landraces from the genetically differentiated Mesoamerican and Andean gene pools, we confirmed 2 independent domestications from genetic pools that diverged before human colonization. Less than 10% of the 74 Mb of sequence putatively involved in domestication was shared by the two domestication events. We identified a set of genes linked with increased leaf and seed size and combined these results with quantitative trait locus data from Mesoamerican cultivars. Genes affected by domestication may be useful for genomics-enabled crop improvement. C1 [Schmutz, Jeremy; Wu, G. Albert; Shu, Shengqiang; Barry, Kerrie; Chovatia, Mansi; Goodstein, David M.; Hellsten, Uffe; Wang, Mei; Zhang, Ming; Rokhsar, Daniel S.] US DOE, Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Schmutz, Jeremy; Grimwood, Jane; Jenkins, Jerry] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [McClean, Phillip E.; Mamidi, Sujan; Moghaddam, Samira Mafi; Lee, Rian; Osorno, Juan M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Cannon, Steven B.] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Song, Qijian; Hyten, David L.; Jia, Gaofeng; Rodrigues, Josiane; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Chavarro, Carolina; Torres-Torres, Mirayda; Gao, Dongying; Abernathy, Brian; Gonzales, Michael; Jackson, Scott A.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Geffroy, Valerie; Richard, Manon M. S.; Thareau, Vincent] Univ Paris 11, CNRS, Inst Biol Plantes, UMR 8618, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Geffroy, Valerie] Univ Paris 11, INRA, Unite Mixte Rech Genet Vegetale, Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Blair, Matthew] Tennessee State Univ, Dept Agr & Nat Sci, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. [Brick, Mark A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gepts, Paul] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kelly, James D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Kudrna, Dave; Yu, Yeisoo; Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ USA. [Miklas, Phillip N.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Urrea, Carlos A.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE USA. RP Jackson, SA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genet Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jschmutz@hudsonalpha.org; phillip.mcclean@ndsu.edu; sjackson@uga.edu OI Cannon, Steven/0000-0003-2777-8034; Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389; mamidi, sujan/0000-0002-3837-6121; Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226 FU Office of Science of the US Department of Energy - US Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture [DE-AC02-05CH11231, 2006-35300-17266]; National Science Foundation [DBI 0822258]; US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2009-01860, 2009-01929] FX The work conducted by the US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-05CH11231. This research was funded by grants from the US Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture (2006-35300-17266) and the National Science Foundation (DBI 0822258) to S.A.J. and from the US Department of Agriculture Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service (2009-01860 and 2009-01929) to S.A.J. and P.E.M., respectively. NR 45 TC 204 Z9 207 U1 15 U2 121 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 46 IS 7 BP 707 EP 713 DI 10.1038/ng.3008 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AK0HP UT WOS:000338093800011 PM 24908249 ER PT J AU Sikora, EJ Allen, TW Wise, KA Bergstrom, G Bradley, CA Bond, J Brown-Rytlewski, D Chilvers, M Damicone, J DeWolf, E Dorrance, A Dufault, N Esker, P Faske, TR Giesler, L Goldberg, N Golod, J Gomez, IRG Grau, C Grybauskas, A Franc, G Hammerschmidt, R Hartman, GL Henn, RA Hershman, D Hollier, C Isakeit, T Isard, S Jacobsen, B Jardine, D Kemerait, R Koenning, S Langham, M Malvick, D Markell, S Marois, JJ Monfort, S Mueller, D Mueller, J Mulrooney, R Newman, M Osborne, L Padgett, GB Ruden, BE Rupe, J Schneider, R Schwartz, H Shaner, G Singh, S Stromberg, E Sweets, L Tenuta, A Vaiciunas, S Yang, XB Young-Kelly, H Zidek, J AF Sikora, E. J. Allen, T. W. Wise, K. A. Bergstrom, G. Bradley, C. A. Bond, J. Brown-Rytlewski, D. Chilvers, M. Damicone, J. DeWolf, E. Dorrance, A. Dufault, N. Esker, P. Faske, T. R. Giesler, L. Goldberg, N. Golod, J. Gomez, I. R. G. Grau, C. Grybauskas, A. Franc, G. Hammerschmidt, R. Hartman, G. L. Henn, R. A. Hershman, D. Hollier, C. Isakeit, T. Isard, S. Jacobsen, B. Jardine, D. Kemerait, R. Koenning, S. Langham, M. Malvick, D. Markell, S. Marois, J. J. Monfort, S. Mueller, D. Mueller, J. Mulrooney, R. Newman, M. Osborne, L. Padgett, G. B. Ruden, B. E. Rupe, J. Schneider, R. Schwartz, H. Shaner, G. Singh, S. Stromberg, E. Sweets, L. Tenuta, A. Vaiciunas, S. Yang, X. B. Young-Kelly, H. Zidek, J. TI A Coordinated Effort to Manage Soybean Rust in North America: A Success Story in Soybean Disease Monitoring SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; 1ST REPORT; CAUSAL AGENT; FLORIDA BEGGARWEED; PLANT-DISEASE; RESISTANCE; KUDZU; AGRICULTURE; PRINCIPLES AB Existing crop monitoring programs determine the incidence and distribution of plant diseases and pathogens and assess the damage caused within a crop production region. These programs have traditionally used observed or predicted disease and pathogen data and environmental information to prescribe management practices that minimize crop loss (3,69). Monitoring programs are especially important for crops with broad geographic distribution or for diseases that can cause rapid and great economic losses. Successful monitoring programs have been developed for several plant diseases, including downy mildew of cucurbits, Fusarium head blight of wheat, potato late blight, and rusts of cereal crops (13,36,51,80). A recent example of a successful disease-monitoring program for an economically important crop is the soybean rust (SBR) monitoring effort within North America. SBR, caused by the fungus Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow, was first identified in the continental United States in November 2004 (59; Sidebar 1: Soybean rust disease cycle). SBR causes moderate to severe yield losses globally (6,25,42,54). The fungus produces foliar lesions on soybean (Glycine max Merrill) and other legume hosts. P. pachyrhizi diverts nutrients from the host to its own growth and reproduction. The lesions also reduce photosynthetic area. Uredinia rupture the host epidermis and diminish stomatal regulation of transpiration to cause tissue desiccation and premature defoliation (Fig. 1) (6). Severe soybean yield losses can occur if plants defoliate during the mid-reproductive growth stages (25,38). Since 2004, soybean has been produced on approximately 30 million hectares annually in the United States, with a value between $18 billion and $32 billion (74). Therefore, the threat of this destructive disease warranted the attention of farmers, agricultural industries, university scientists, and national and state/provincial governmental agencies. The rapid response to the threat of SBR in North America resulted in an unprecedented amount of information dissemination and the development of a real-time, publicly available monitoring and prediction system known as the Soybean Rust-Pest Information Platform for Extension and Education (SBR-PIPE). Several comprehensive reviews of SBR and the SBR-PIPE were published (6,21,23,29,33,79). The objectives of this article are (i) to highlight the successful response effort to SBR in North America, and (ii) to introduce researchers to the quantity and type of data generated by SBR-PIPE. Data from this system may now be used to answer questions about the biology, ecology, and epidemiology of an important pathogen and disease of soybean. C1 [Sikora, E. J.] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Allen, T. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wise, K. A.; Shaner, G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bergstrom, G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Bradley, C. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bond, J.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Brown-Rytlewski, D.; Chilvers, M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Damicone, J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [DeWolf, E.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Dorrance, A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Dufault, N.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Esker, P.] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Agron, San Jose 10111, Costa Rica. [Faske, T. R.] Univ Arkansas, Lonoke Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Lonoke, AR 72086 USA. [Giesler, L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. [Goldberg, N.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Golod, J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gomez, I. R. G.] Ctr Nacl Referenceia Fitosanitaria, Sistema Nacl Vigilancia Epidemiol Fitosanitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico. [Grau, C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Grybauskas, A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Management, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hammerschmidt, R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hartman, G. L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Henn, R. A.] Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hershman, D.] Univ Kentucky, Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Princeton, NJ 42445 USA. [Hollier, C.; Padgett, G. B.; Schneider, R.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Isakeit, T.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Isard, S.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jacobsen, B.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Jardine, D.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kemerait, R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Koenning, S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Langham, M.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Malvick, D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Markell, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Marois, J. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Monfort, S.; Mueller, J.] Clemson Univ, Edisto Res & Educ Ctr, Blackville, SC 29817 USA. [Mueller, D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mulrooney, R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Newman, M.] BASF Corp, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Osborne, L.] Dupont Pioneer, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Ruden, B. E.] South Dakota Wheat Growers Assoc, Aberdeen, SD 57401 USA. [Rupe, J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Plant Pathol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Schwartz, H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Singh, S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Stromberg, E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Sweets, L.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Tenuta, A.] Ontario Minist Agr & Food, Ridgetown, ON NOP 2C0, Canada. [Tenuta, A.] Minist Rural Affairs, Ridgetown, ON NOP 2C0, Canada. [Vaiciunas, S.] New Jersey Dept Agr, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. [Yang, X. B.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Young-Kelly, H.] Univ Tennessee West Tennessee Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Jackson, TN 38301 USA. [Zidek, J.] ZedX Inc, Bellefonte, PA 16823 USA. RP Wise, KA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM kawise@purdue.edu RI Chilvers, Martin/A-3548-2010 OI Chilvers, Martin/0000-0001-8832-1666 FU United States Department of Agriculture; United Soybean Board; North Central Soybean Research Program; Grain Farmers of Ontario FX We thank those who devote countless hours to protecting soybean farmers throughout North America through their research and Extension efforts, including J. Baniecki, C. Coker, S. Hambleton, and C. Trippett. Funding and support from the United States Department of Agriculture, United Soybean Board, North Central Soybean Research Program, the Grain Farmers of Ontario, and many additional local Qualified State Support Boards have continued to make this monitoring program successful, and it is gratefully acknowledged. The authors recognize the support of the Directors of the Experiment Station Section of Association of Public and Land-grant Universities and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We also thank all of the farmers, current and retired Extension personnel, university support staff, agronomists, consultants, and field service representatives who have been and continue to be involved and instrumental in the success of SBR monitoring. NR 83 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 52 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 864 EP 875 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0121-FE PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700001 ER PT J AU Bock, CH Wood, BW Stevenson, KL Arias, RS AF Bock, C. H. Wood, B. W. Stevenson, K. L. Arias, R. S. TI Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Fusicladium effusum on Pecan in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; MATING-TYPE ALLELES; RHYNCHOSPORIUM-SECALIS; VENTURIA-INAEQUALIS; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; UP-PCR; LEPTOSPHAERIA-MACULANS; REGULAR RECOMBINATION; FIELD POPULATIONS; SCAB FUNGUS AB Fusicladium effusum causes pecan scab, which is the most destructive disease of pecan orchards in the United States. Conidia of the pathogen are spread by rain splash and wind. The fungus is pathogenically diverse; yet there is no information on its genetic diversity or population genetics. Universally primed polymerase chain reaction (UP-PCR) was used to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure on a hierarchical sample of 194 isolates collected from 11 orchard locations from Florida to Texas, consisting of three to four isolates from each of five to six trees at each location. Genetic variation was high throughout the region, with all but nine of the multilocus haplotypes being unique. Nei's average gene diversity ranged from 0.083 for a population from Mississippi to 0.160 for a population from Kansas. An analysis of molecular variance of the hierarchically sampled populations found that the majority of the genetic variability (82.6%) occurred at the scale of the individual tree and only relatively small amounts among populations in trees from an orchard (5.0%) or within groups (i.e., orchard location populations) (12.5%). The results suggest little population differentiation in F. effusum in the southeastern United States, although phi pt values of genetic distance for pairwise comparisons indicated some populations could be differentiated from others. There was evidence of linkage disequilibrium in certain populations, and the common occurrence of asexual reproduction in F. effusum could lead to measurable linkage disequilibrium under certain circumstances. However, the degree of genetic diversity and the scale over which diversity is distributed is evidence that F. effusum undergoes regular recombination despite no known sexual stage. C1 [Bock, C. H.; Wood, B. W.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Stevenson, K. L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Arias, R. S.] ARS, USDA, NPRL, Dawson, GA 39841 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS through CRIS [6606-21220-011-00D] FX We appreciate the input of Dr. Mike Hotchkiss and technical help of Minling Zhang, Wanda Evans, Ginger Moreland, and Teddy Endalew. We appreciate the funding support of the USDA-ARS through CRIS project 6606-21220-011-00D. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 916 EP 923 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1229-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700007 ER PT J AU Caiazzo, R Kim, YK Xiao, CL AF Caiazzo, R. Kim, Y. K. Xiao, C. L. TI Occurrence and Phenotypes of Pyrimethanil Resistance in Penicillium expansum from Apple in Washington State SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; STORED APPLES; FUNGICIDES; ANILINOPYRIMIDINE; BENZIMIDAZOLE; SENSITIVITY; FLUDIOXONIL; CROPS; BLUE; MOLD AB Penicillium expansum is the cause of blue mold in stored apple fruit. In 2010-11, 779 isolates of P. expansum were collected from decayed apple fruit from five packinghouses, tested for resistance to the postharvest fungicide pyrimethanil, and phenotyped based on the level of resistance. In 2010, 85 and 7% of the isolates were resistant to pyrimethanil in packinghouse A and B, respectively, where pyrimethanil had been used for four to five consecutive years. In 2011, pyrimethanil or fludioxonil was used in packinghouse A, and 96% of the isolates from the fruit treated with pyrimethanil were resistant but only 4% of the isolates from the fruit treated with fludioxonil were resistant to pyrimethanil, suggesting that fungicide rotation substantially reduced the frequency of pyrimethanil resistance. No pyrimethanil-resistant isolates were detected in 2010 in the three other packinghouses where the fungicide had been used recently on a small scale. However 1.8% of the isolates from one of the three packinghouses in 2011 were resistant to pyrimethanil. A significantly higher percentage of thiabendazole-resistant than thiabendazole-sensitive isolates were resistant to pyrimethanil. Of the pyrimethanil-resistant isolates, 37 to 52, 4 to 5, and 44 to 58% were phenotyped as having low, moderate, and high resistance to pyrimethanil, respectively. Fludioxonil effectively controlled pyrimethanil-resistant phenotypes on apple fruit but pyrimethanil failed to control phenotypes with moderate or high resistance to pyrimethanil and only partially controlled the low-resistance phenotype. C1 [Caiazzo, R.] Washington State Univ, Tree Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Kim, Y. K.] Pace Int, Wapato, WA USA. [Xiao, C. L.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RP Xiao, CL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Tree Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM Chang-Lin.Xiao@ars.usda.gov FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission FX This research was supported, in part, by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission. We thank R. Boal for technical assistance. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 924 EP 928 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0721-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700008 ER PT J AU Saude, C Simon, PW McDonald, MR AF Saude, C. Simon, P. W. McDonald, M. R. TI Incidence and Severity of Cavity Spot of Carrot as Affected by Pigmentation, Temperature, and Rainfall SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PYTHIUM-VIOLAE; DAUCUS-CAROTA; ROOT DIEBACK; EPIDEMICS; CULTIVARS; DISEASE; AGENT; CROPS AB Field trials to determine the effect of carrot pigmentation and weather parameters on cavity spot (CS) of carrot were conducted in the Holland/Bradford Marsh region of Ontario between 2002 and 2009. In all, 23 colored carrot cultivars from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service breeding program at the University of Wisconsin (n = 5) and commercial seed companies (n = 18) were seeded in organic soil (pH 6 to 7, 45 to 75% organic matter) in late May to early June and harvested in late October or early November. Carrot roots were assessed for CS severity midseason and postharvest. Evaluations postharvest indicated that the purple pigmented carrot from breeding line 'USDA 106-3' and cultivars 'Purple Rain' and 'Purple Haze' consistently had low CS severity. The orange-pigmented 'USDA 101-23', 'Cellobunch', 'YaYa', and 'Envy' had moderate CS; and the red-pigmented carrot breeding line 'USDA 104-3' and cultivars 'Atomic Red', 'Proline Red', 'Dragon', and an unnamed line from India had high CS. Differences In CS severity in carrot cultivars between evaluations at midseason and postharvest suggest that some carrot cultivars are more susceptible to Pythium spp. inoculum in soil (alloinfection) and others to secondary infection (autoinfection) that can be attributed to the Pythium sp. involved in CS. CS severity was positively correlated with total rainfall 2 and 3 months after seeding, and was negatively correlated with number of days with air temperature >= 30 degrees C 3 and 4 months after seeding. Soil temperature and total rainfall were the best predictors of CS incidence and severity. These results could allow a forecast of disease incidence and severity at harvest. C1 [Saude, C.; McDonald, M. R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Simon, P. W.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit,Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP McDonald, MR (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM mrmcdona@uoguelph.ca FU Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs/University of Guelph Plant Production Systems program FX Partial funding was provided by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs/University of Guelph Plant Production Systems program. We thank K. Vander Kooi and L. Riches for technical support. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 929 EP 936 DI 10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1021-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700009 ER PT J AU Weiland, JE Santamaria, L Grunwald, NJ AF Weiland, Jerry E. Santamaria, Luisa Gruenwald, Niklaus J. TI Sensitivity of Pythium irregulare, P. sylvaticum, and P. ultimum from Forest Nurseries to Mefenoxam and Fosetyl-Al, and Control of Pythium Damping-off SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CAVITY-SPOT; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; FLORICULTURE CROPS; NORTH-CAROLINA; IN-VITRO; METALAXYL; SPP.; IDENTIFICATION; FUMIGATION; RESISTANCE AB Mefenoxam and fosetyl-Al are common fungicides used to supplement disease control of Pythium damping-off and root rot in forest nurseries of the western United States. However, it is unknown whether fungicide-resistant Pythium isolates are present or whether new fungicide and biological treatments might also provide supplemental disease control. Isolates of Pythium irregulare, P. sylvaticum, and P. ultimum from three forest nurseries were evaluated for in vitro sensitivity to mefenoxam and fosetyl-Al. A greenhouse study was also conducted to assess efficacy of fungicide and biological treatments in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) seedlings inoculated with Pythium dissotocum, P. irregulare, and P. 'vipa'. P. irregulare was approximately three times less sensitive to mefenoxam (0.20 mu g/ml) than P. sylvaticum (0.06 mu g/ml) and P. ultimum (0.06 mu g/ml), and two resistant isolates of P. ultimum were identified (>= 311 mu g/ml). All three Pythium spp. were similarly sensitive to fosetyl-Al (1,256 to 1,508 mu g/ml) and no resistant isolates were found. In the disease control efficacy trial, both fosetyl-Al and phosphorous acid consistently provided good protection against damping-off caused by P. dissotocum, P. irregulare, and P. Other treatments, including mefenoxam, also provided good or intermediate protection but efficacy depended upon which Pythium sp. was used. Growers should consider rotating mefenoxam use with other fungicide chemistries or biological treatments to prevent further development and spread of mefenoxam-resistant isolates. C1 [Weiland, Jerry E.; Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, USDA, ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Weiland, Jerry E.; Santamaria, Luisa; Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Weiland, JE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA, ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Jerry.Weiland@ars.usda.gov RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU USDA CRIS [303-5358-12220-003-00D]; Pacific Area Wide Pest Management Program for Methyl Bromide Alternatives; The IR-4 Project FX Funding for this research was provided by USDA CRIS 303-5358-12220-003-00D, the Pacific Area Wide Pest Management Program for Methyl Bromide Alternatives, and The IR-4 Project. We thank A. Bernert, K. Rolfe, A. Davis, and B. Beck for technical assistance. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 937 EP 942 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-13-0998-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700010 ER PT J AU Doster, MA Cotty, PJ Michailides, TJ AF Doster, Mark A. Cotty, Peter J. Michailides, Themis J. TI Evaluation of the Atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus Strain AF36 in Pistachio Orchards SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MAIZE; BIOCONTROL; COTTON; NUTS; REGULATIONS; MITIGATION; CALIFORNIA; CROPS AB The atoxigenic strain Aspergillus flavus AF36, which has been extensively used as a biocontrol agent in commercial corn and cotton fields to reduce aflatoxin contamination, was applied in research pistachio orchards from 2002 to 2005 and in commercial pistachio orchards from 2008 to 2011. AF36 was applied as hyphae-colonized steam-sterilized wheat seed (the same product and same application rate as used in cotton fields). In all orchards, applying the wheat-AF36 product substantially increased the proportion of vegetative compatibility group (VCG) YV36, the VCG to which AF36 belongs, within A. flavus soil communities. Application of the AF36 product in additional years further increased YV36 in the soil until it composed 93% of the A. flavus isolates in treated commercial orchards. Nonetheless, application of the AF36 product did not result in increased incidence of kernel decay of the nuts. For nuts harvested from commercial orchards, reductions in percentages of samples contaminated with aflatoxin from treated orchards (relative to that for untreated orchards) ranged from 20 to 45%, depending on the year. Because of the high value of pistachio nuts and the costs associated with rejection of shipments due to aflatoxin contamination, these reductions are significant and valuable to the pistachio industry. C1 [Doster, Mark A.; Michailides, Themis J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Doster, Mark A.; Michailides, Themis J.] Kearney Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Cotty, Peter J.] ARS, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Doster, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM madoster@ucanr.edu; tjmichailides@ucanr.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture [58-5325-1-194, 58-5325-6-844]; California Pistachio Research Board FX This research was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Cooperative Research Agreement Number 58-5325-1-194 and 58-5325-6-844 and the California Pistachio Research Board. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 948 EP 956 DI 10.1094/PDIS-10-13-1053-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700012 ER PT J AU Himmelstein, JC Maul, JE Everts, KL AF Himmelstein, J. C. Maul, J. E. Everts, K. L. TI Impact of Five Cover Crop Green Manures and Actinovate on Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HAIRY VETCH; THIELAVIOPSIS-BASICOLA; BIOORGANIC FERTILIZER; INOCULUM DENSITY; SUPPRESSION; AMENDMENT; DISEASE; POTATO; MICROORGANISMS; GERMINATION AB Triploid watermelon cultivars are grown on more than 2,023 ha in Maryland and in Delaware. Triploid watermelon cultivars have little host resistance to Fusarium wilt of watermelon (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum). The effects of four different fall-planted cover crops (Vicia villosa, Trifolium incarnatum, Secale cereale, and Brassica juncea) that were tilled in the spring as green manures, and bare ground, were evaluated alone and in combination with the biocontrol product Actinovate (Streptomyces lydicus) on Fusarium wilt severity and watermelon fruit yield and quality. Six field experiments were conducted over 3 years in Beltsville and Salisbury, MD and Georgetown, DE. Both V. villosa and T. incarnatum significantly suppressed Fusarium wilt of watermelon as much as 21% compared with watermelon in nonamended plots. However, no suppression of Fusarium wilt occurred at low disease levels or where low cover crop biomass was present. In general, Beltsville, MD had lower disease levels than Salisbury, MD and Georgetown, DE. T. incarnatum was the only cover crop that yielded significantly more fruit than nonamended treatments (129% more fruit per hectare) but only for one field trial. The Actinovate product either did not reduce Fusarium wilt or the magnitude of the reduction was nominal. Actinovate significantly reduced Fusarium wilt by 2% in 2009 and as much as 7% in 2010, and increased Fusarium wilt severity by 2.5% in 2011. Actinovate significantly increased yield for one field trial but only when applied to nonamended or Secale cereal-amended plots. This is the first report of a reduction in Fusarium wilt following a T. incarnatum cover crop incorporated as a green manure. C1 [Himmelstein, J. C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Maul, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Everts, K. L.] Univ Maryland, Lower Eastern Shore Res & Educ Ctr, Georgetown 19947, Guyana. [Everts, K. L.] Univ Delaware, Georgetown 19947, Guyana. RP Everts, KL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Lower Eastern Shore Res & Educ Ctr, Georgetown 19947, Guyana. EM keverts@umd.edu NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 36 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 965 EP 972 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0585-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700014 ER PT J AU Hadziabdic, D Windham, M Baird, R Vito, L Cheng, Q Grant, J Lambdin, P Wiggins, G Windham, A Merten, P Taylor, G AF Hadziabdic, D. Windham, M. Baird, R. Vito, L. Cheng, Q. Grant, J. Lambdin, P. Wiggins, G. Windham, A. Merten, P. Taylor, G. TI First Report of Geosmithia morbida in North Carolina: The Pathogen Involved in Thousand Cankers Disease of Black Walnut SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID JUGLANS C1 [Hadziabdic, D.; Windham, M.; Vito, L.; Cheng, Q.; Grant, J.; Lambdin, P.; Wiggins, G.; Windham, A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Baird, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Merten, P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Hlth Protect, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. [Taylor, G.] Great Smoky Mts Natl Pk, Gatlinburg, TN 37738 USA. RP Hadziabdic, D (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 992 EP 993 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0630-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700029 ER PT J AU Kou, LP Gaskins, V Luo, YG Jurick, WM AF Kou, L. P. Gaskins, V. Luo, Y. G. Jurick, W. M., II TI First Report of Colletotrichum fioriniae Causing Postharvest Decay on 'Nittany' Apple Fruit in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID LEPTOSPHAERIA-BIGLOBOSA; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA C1 [Kou, L. P.] Northwest A&F Univ, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Gaskins, V.; Luo, Y. G.; Jurick, W. M., II] ARS, USDA, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Kou, LP (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Xinong Rd 28, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 993 EP 993 DI 10.1094/PDIS-08-13-0816-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700031 ER PT J AU Samac, DA Willbur, J Behnken, L Brietenbach, F Blonde, G Halfman, B Jensen, B Sheaffer, C AF Samac, D. A. Willbur, J. Behnken, L. Brietenbach, F. Blonde, G. Halfman, B. Jensen, B. Sheaffer, C. TI First Report of Stemphylium globuliferum Causing Stemphylium Leaf Spot on Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Samac, D. A.; Willbur, J.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Behnken, L.] Univ Minnesota, UM Extens Reg Ctr Rochester, Rochester, MN 55904 USA. [Brietenbach, F.] Univ Minnesota, UM Extens Southeast Dist Off, Rochester, MN 55904 USA. [Blonde, G.] Univ Wisconsin, UWEX Waupaca Cty, Waupaca, WI 54981 USA. [Halfman, B.] Univ Wisconsin, UWEX Monroe Cty, Sparta, WI 54656 USA. [Jensen, B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sheaffer, C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 993 EP 994 DI 10.1094/PDIS-08-13-0828-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700032 ER PT J AU Yan, HJ Jurick, WM Lou, YG Gaskins, VL Kim, YK AF Yan, H. J. Jurick, W. M., II Lou, Y. G. Gaskins, V. L. Kim, Y. -K. TI First Report of Pyrimethanil Resistance in Botrytis cinerea from Stored Apples in Pennsylvania SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Yan, H. J.] State Key Lab Breeding Base, Key Lab Food Qual & Safety Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Jurick, W. M., II; Lou, Y. G.; Gaskins, V. L.] ARS, USDA, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kim, Y. -K.] Pace Int, Wapato, WA USA. RP Yan, HJ (reprint author), State Key Lab Breeding Base, Key Lab Food Qual & Safety Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 999 EP 999 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-13-1120-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700045 ER PT J AU Lockman, B Mascheretti, S Schechter, S Garbelotto, M AF Lockman, B. Mascheretti, S. Schechter, S. Garbelotto, M. TI A First Generation Heterobasidion Hybrid Discovered in Larix lyalli in Montana SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Lockman, B.] USFS, State & Private Forestry Forest Hlth Protect, Missoula, MT USA. [Mascheretti, S.; Schechter, S.; Garbelotto, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept ESPM, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lockman, B (reprint author), USFS, State & Private Forestry Forest Hlth Protect, Missoula, MT USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1003 EP 1004 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1211-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700057 ER PT J AU Bolton, MD Neher, OT AF Bolton, M. D. Neher, O. T. TI First Report of Q(O)I-insensitive Powdery Mildew (Erysiphe polygoni) on Sugar Beet in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID RESISTANCE C1 [Bolton, M. D.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Neher, O. T.] Amalgamated Sugar Co LLC, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Bolton, MD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1004 EP 1004 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1217-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700059 ER PT J AU Yan, HJ Gaskins, VL Vico, I Luo, YG Jurick, WM AF Yan, H. J. Gaskins, V. L. Vico, I. Luo, Y. G. Jurick, W. M., II TI First Report of Penicillium expansum Isolates Resistant to Pyrimethanil from Stored Apple Fruit in Pennsylvania SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Yan, H. J.] State Key Lab Breeding Base, Key Lab Food Qual & Safety Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Gaskins, V. L.; Luo, Y. G.; Jurick, W. M., II] ARS, USDA, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Vico, I.] Univ Belgrade, Fac Agr, Inst Phytomed, Belgrade, Serbia. RP Yan, HJ (reprint author), State Key Lab Breeding Base, Key Lab Food Qual & Safety Jiangsu Prov, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1004 EP 1004 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1214-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700058 ER PT J AU Rivera, Y Rane, K Crouch, JA AF Rivera, Y. Rane, K. Crouch, J. A. TI First Report of Downy Mildew Caused by Plasmopara halstedii on Black-eyed Susan (Rudbeckia fulgida cv. 'Goldsturm') in Maryland SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Rivera, Y.; Crouch, J. A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Rivera, Y.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Rane, K.] Univ Maryland, Plant Diagnost Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Rivera, Y (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. OI Crouch, Jo Anne/0000-0001-6886-8090 NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1005 EP 1006 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1242-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700062 ER PT J AU de Jensen, CE Adkins, S AF de Jensen, C. E. Adkins, S. TI First Report of Tomato chlorotic spot virus in Lettuce in Puerto Rico SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [de Jensen, C. E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Crops & Agroenvironm Sci Dept, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. [Adkins, S.] USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP de Jensen, CE (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Crops & Agroenvironm Sci Dept, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1015 EP 1016 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1200-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700089 ER PT J AU Akinbade, SA Mojtahedi, H Guerra, L Eastwell, K Villamor, DEV Handoo, ZA Skantar, AM AF Akinbade, S. A. Mojtahedi, H. Guerra, L. Eastwell, K. Villamor, D. E. V. Handoo, Z. A. Skantar, A. M. TI First Report of Xiphinema rivesi (Nematoda, Longidoridae) in Washington State SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Akinbade, S. A.; Mojtahedi, H.; Guerra, L.; Eastwell, K.; Villamor, D. E. V.] Washington State Dept Agr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Handoo, Z. A.; Skantar, A. M.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Akinbade, SA (reprint author), Washington State Dept Agr, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 98 IS 7 BP 1018 EP 1019 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-13-0961-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5IA UT WOS:000337714700097 ER PT J AU Jin, TC Wang, Y Chen, YW Albillos, SM Kothary, MH Fu, TJ Tankersley, B McHugh, TH Zhang, YZ AF Jin, Tengchuan Wang, Yang Chen, Yu-Wei Albillos, Silvia M. Kothary, Mahendra H. Fu, Tong-Jen Tankersley, Boyce McHugh, Tara H. Zhang, Yu-Zhu TI Isolation and characterization of Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) convicilin SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Storage protein; Chemical denaturation; Stability; Potential allergen; Protein folding ID PISUM-SATIVUM-L; SEED STORAGE PROTEIN; MAJOR ALLERGENS; PEA VICILIN; NUTS; PURIFICATION; ANAPHYLAXIS; SUBUNITS AB A vicilin-like globulin seed storage protein, termed convicilin, was isolated for the first time from Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis). SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that Korean pine convicilin was post-translationally processed. The N-terminal peptide sequences of its components were determined. These peptides could be mapped to a protein translated from an embryo abundant transcript isolated in this study. Similar to vicilin, native convicilin appeared to be homotrimeric. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses revealed that this protein is less resistant to thermal treatment than Korean pine vicilin. Its transition temperature was 75.57 degrees C compared with 84.13 degrees C for vicilin. The urea induced folding-unfolding equilibrium of pine convicilin monitored by intrinsic fluorescence could be interpreted in terms of a two-state model, with a C-m of 4.41 +/- 0.15 M. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Jin, Tengchuan; Wang, Yang; Chen, Yu-Wei; Zhang, Yu-Zhu] Illinois Inst Technol, Dept Biol & Chem Sci, Chicago, IL 60616 USA. [Albillos, Silvia M.] Illinois Inst Technol, Inst Food Safety & Hlth, Bedford Pk, IL 60501 USA. [Kothary, Mahendra H.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Fu, Tong-Jen] US FDA, Inst Food Safety & Hlth, Bedford Pk, IL 60501 USA. [Tankersley, Boyce] Chicago Bot Garden, Chicago, IL 60022 USA. [McHugh, Tara H.; Zhang, Yu-Zhu] USDA ARS, Hlth Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhang, YZ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hlth Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM jint@niaid.nih.gov; yuzhu.zhang@ars.usda.gov RI Albillos, Silvia/D-1276-2016; OI Albillos, Silvia/0000-0002-3273-0126; Zhang, Yuzhu/0000-0001-7882-5692; jin, tengchuan/0000-0002-1395-188X NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 80 BP 97 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.03.019 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ9CO UT WOS:000338004600012 PM 24735553 ER PT J AU Lawrence, SD Novak, NG Jones, RW Farrar, RR Blackburn, MB AF Lawrence, Susan D. Novak, Nicole G. Jones, Richard W. Farrar, Robert R., Jr. Blackburn, Michael B. TI Herbivory responsive C2H2 zinc finger transcription factor protein StZFP2 from potato SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Biotic and abiotic stress; C2H2 transcription factor; Insect infestation; Plant-insect interaction; Solanum tuberosum L ID SPODOPTERA-LITTORALIS; NICOTIANA-ATTENUATA; INSECT HERBIVORES; PLANT-RESPONSES; SALINITY STRESS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; EAR-MOTIF; ARABIDOPSIS; DEFENSE; SPECIALIST AB While C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors (TF) are often regulated by abiotic stress, their role during insect infestation has been overlooked. This study demonstrates that the transcripts of the zinc finger transcription factors StZFP1 and StZFP2 are induced in potato (Solanum tuberosum L) upon infestation by either the generalist tobacco hornworm (THW, Manduca sexta L.) or the specialist Colorado potato beetle (CPB, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say). StZFP1 has been previously characterized as conferring salt tolerance to transgenic tobacco and its transcript is induced by Phytophthora infestans and several abiotic stresses. StZFP2 has not been characterized previously, but contains the hallmarks of a C2H2 zinc finger TF, with two conserved zinc finger domains and DLN motif, which encodes a transcriptional repressor domain. Expression studies demonstrate that StZFP2 transcript is also induced by tobacco hornworm and Colorado potato beetle. These observations expand the role of the C2H2 transcription factor in potato to include the response to chewing insect pests. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. C1 [Lawrence, Susan D.; Novak, Nicole G.; Farrar, Robert R., Jr.; Blackburn, Michael B.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jones, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lawrence, SD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 011A,Rm 214, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM susan.lawrence@ars.usda.gov; nicole.novak@ars.usda.gov; richard.jones@ars.usda.gov; robert.farrar@ars.usda.gov; mike.blackburn@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER FRANCE-EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES MEDICALES ELSEVIER PI PARIS PA 23 RUE LINOIS, 75724 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0981-9428 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL BIOCH JI Plant Physiol. Biochem. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 80 BP 226 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.04.010 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ9CO UT WOS:000338004600028 PM 24811678 ER PT J AU Seaver, SMD Gerdes, S Frelin, O Lerma-Ortiz, C Bradbury, LMT Zallot, R Hasnain, G Niehaus, TD El Yacoubi, B Pasternak, S Olson, R Pusch, G Overbeek, R Stevens, R de Crecy-Lagard, V Ware, D Hanson, AD Henry, CS AF Seaver, Samuel M. D. Gerdes, Svetlana Frelin, Oceane Lerma-Ortiz, Claudia Bradbury, Louis M. T. Zallot, Remi Hasnain, Ghulam Niehaus, Thomas D. El Yacoubi, Basma Pasternak, Shiran Olson, Robert Pusch, Gordon Overbeek, Ross Stevens, Rick de Crecy-Lagard, Valerie Ware, Doreen Hanson, Andrew D. Henry, Christopher S. TI High-throughput comparison, functional annotation, and metabolic modeling of plant genomes using the PlantSEED resource SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE systems biology; computational biochemistry; plant metabolism; plant genomics ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; METACYC DATABASE; PATHWAY DATABASE; ARABIDOPSIS; NETWORK; RECONSTRUCTION; GENERATION; PROTEOMICS; BIOSYNTHESIS; OPTIMIZATION AB The increasing number of sequenced plant genomes is placing new demands on the methods applied to analyze, annotate, and model these genomes. Today's annotation pipelines result in inconsistent gene assignments that complicate comparative analyses and prevent efficient construction of metabolic models. To overcome these problems, we have developed the PlantSEED, an integrated, metabolism-centric database to support subsystems-based annotation and metabolic model reconstruction for plant genomes. PlantSEED combines SEED subsystems technology, first developed for microbial genomes, with refined protein families and biochemical data to assign fully consistent functional annotations to orthologous genes, particularly those encoding primary metabolic pathways. Seamless integration with its parent, the prokaryotic SEED database, makes PlantSEED a unique environment for cross-kingdom comparative analysis of plant and bacterial genomes. The consistent annotations imposed by PlantSEED permit rapid reconstruction and modeling of primary metabolism for all plant genomes in the database. This feature opens the unique possibility of model-based assessment of the completeness and accuracy of gene annotation and thus allows computational identification of genes and pathways that are restricted to certain genomes or need better curation. We demonstrate the PlantSEED system by producing consistent annotations for 10 reference genomes. We also produce a functioning metabolic model for each genome, gapfilling to identify missing annotations and proposing gene candidates for missing annotations. Models are built around an extended biomass composition representing the most comprehensive published to date. To our knowledge, our models are the first to be published for seven of the genomes analyzed. C1 [Seaver, Samuel M. D.; Gerdes, Svetlana; Olson, Robert; Henry, Christopher S.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Pusch, Gordon; Stevens, Rick] Argonne Natl Lab, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Seaver, Samuel M. D.; Olson, Robert; Pusch, Gordon; Stevens, Rick; Henry, Christopher S.] Univ Chicago, Computat Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Frelin, Oceane; Bradbury, Louis M. T.; Hasnain, Ghulam; Niehaus, Thomas D.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lerma-Ortiz, Claudia; Zallot, Remi; El Yacoubi, Basma; de Crecy-Lagard, Valerie] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Pasternak, Shiran; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Ware, Doreen] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, North Atlantic Area Plant Soil & Nutr Lab Res Uni, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Henry, CS (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, Div Math & Comp Sci, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM chenry@mcs.anl.gov RI ZALLOT, Remi/D-3933-2014 OI ZALLOT, Remi/0000-0002-7317-1578 FU National Science Foundation [IOS-1025398]; C V Griffin Sr Foundation; Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy (DOE) as part of the DOE Systems Biology Knowledgebase [DE-ACO2-06CH11357] FX We thank Kate Dreher for extensive discussions and support in the use of the AraCyc database and Joshua Stein for support in the use of the genomes and protein families. This work was supported by National Science Foundation Grant IOS-1025398, by an endowment from the C V Griffin Sr Foundation, and by the Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, of the US Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract DE-ACO2-06CH11357, as part of the DOE Systems Biology Knowledgebase. NR 53 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 23 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 26 BP 9645 EP 9650 DI 10.1073/pnas.1401329111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK0QG UT WOS:000338118900071 PM 24927599 ER PT J AU Dolanc, CR Safford, HD Dobrowski, SZ Thorne, JH AF Dolanc, Christopher R. Safford, Hugh D. Dobrowski, Solomon Z. Thorne, James H. TI Twentieth century shifts in abundance and composition of vegetation types of the Sierra Nevada, CA, US SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Fire suppression; Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA); Historical ecology; Logging; Tree density; Vegetation Type Mapping (VTM) ID YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; TREE MORTALITY-RATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; FIRE FREQUENCY; UNITED-STATES; INCREASE; DROUGHT; PRODUCTIVITY AB Questions: Has tree density changed consistently across vegetation types? Do changes in component species correspond with changes across vegetation types? Do patterns of changes suggest potential drivers of change? Location: Northern two-thirds of the Sierra Nevada, CA, USA, ca. 45 000 km(2). Methods: Using two data sets that cover the span of elevations and land jurisdictions in the study area, we classified 4321 historical plots and 1000 modern plots into nine broad groups of vegetation types that are widely used by land managers and researchers in the region. We compared tree density and composition between historical and modern plots across and within these nine types. Results: In the modern data set, tree density was significantly higher in eight of nine vegetation types. Total density was significantly higher in modern plots for all west slope types, especially for montane hardwood, where modern forests are 128% denser, and mixed conifer forests, which are 69% denser. Relative density of component species was also very different between data sets in these forests, and suggests a shift in dominance toward shade-tolerant conifers and evergreen oaks. Fire suppression is likely a driving factor in these types but density was also significantly higher in high-elevation types such as sub-alpine forest (+20%), where neither fire suppression nor logging have had major impacts on structure. East slope forest types (eastside P. jeffreyi forest and pinon-juniper woodland) were very similar in both modern and historical data sets, with no significant differences in density or composition. Conclusion: West slope forest types, especially montane hardwood and mixed conifer forest, appear the most altered types of the mountain range. These types are more productive but have also been subject to greater disturbance than high-elevation and east slope forest types. Climate change may also be driving changes across the study area. Species such as Quercus chrysolepis and Calocedrus decurrens, which have each increased markedly in abundance, appear well positioned to dominate in the near future, especially under continued fire suppression and a warmer climate. C1 [Dolanc, Christopher R.; Safford, Hugh D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dobrowski, Solomon Z.] Univ Montana, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Thorne, James H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Environm Informat Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Dolanc, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM crdolanc@ucdavis.edu; hughsafford@fs.fed.us; solomon.dobrowski@cfc.umt.edu; jhthorne@ucdavis.edu NR 69 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 16 U2 74 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1402-2001 EI 1654-109X J9 APPL VEG SCI JI Appl. Veg. Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 442 EP 455 DI 10.1111/avsc.12079 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AJ5LU UT WOS:000337725300008 ER PT J AU Henderson, EB Ohmann, JL Gregory, MJ Roberts, HM Zald, H AF Henderson, Emilie B. Ohmann, Janet L. Gregory, Matthew J. Roberts, Heather M. Zald, Harold TI Species distribution modelling for plant communities: stacked single species or multivariate modelling approaches? SO APPLIED VEGETATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Nearest-neighbor imputation; Plant community composition; Random forest; Species distribution modelling; Vegetation mapping; Western Oregon ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST INVENTORY; UNITED-STATES; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; LANDSCAPES; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY; OREGON; MUSEUM AB Aim: Landscape management and conservation planning require maps of vegetation composition and structure over large regions. Species distribution models (SDMs) are often used for individual species, but projects mapping multiple species are rarer. We compare maps of plant community composition assembled by stacking results from many SDMs with multivariate maps constructed using nearest-neighbor imputation. Location: Western Cascades ecoregion, Oregon and California, USA. Methods: We mapped distributions and abundances of 28 tree species over 4,007,110 ha at 30-m resolution using three approaches: SDMs using machine learning (random forest) to yield: (1) binary (RF_Bin); (2) basal area (abundance; RF_Abund) predictions; and (3) multi-species basal area predictions using a nearest-neighbor imputation variant based on random forest (RF_NN). We evaluated accuracy of binary predictions for all models, compared area mapped with plot-based areal estimates, assessed species abundance at two spatial scales and evaluated communities for species richness, problematic compositional errors and overall community composition. Results: RF_Bin yielded the strongest binary predictions (median True Skill Statistics; RF_Bin: 0.57, RF_NN: 0.38, RF_Abund: 0.27). Plot-scale predictions of abundance were poor for RF_Abund and RF_NN (median Agreement Coefficient (AC): -1.77 and -2.28), but strong when summarized over 50-km radius tessellated hexagons (median AC for both: 0.79). RF_Abund's strength with abundance and weakness with binary predictions stems from predicting small values instead of zeros. The number of zero value predictions from RF_NN was closest to counts of zeros in the plot data. Correspondingly, RF_NN's map-based species area estimates closely matched plot-based area estimates. RF_NN also performed best for community-level accuracy metrics. Conclusions: RF_NN was the best technique for building a broad-scale map of diversity and composition because the modelling framework maintained inter-species relationships from the input plot data. Re-assembling communities from single variable maps often yielded unrealistic communities. Although RF_NN rarely excelled at single species predictions of presence or abundance, it was often adequate to many (but not all) applications in both dimensions. We discuss our results in the context of map utility for applications in the fields of ecology, conservation and natural resource management planning. We highlight how RF_NN is well-suited for mapping current but not future vegetation. C1 [Henderson, Emilie B.] Oregon State Univ, Inst Nat Resources, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Ohmann, Janet L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gregory, Matthew J.; Roberts, Heather M.; Zald, Harold] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Portland, OR 97331 USA. RP Henderson, EB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Inst Nat Resources, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM emilie.henderson@oregonstate.edu; janet.ohmann@oregonstate.edu; matt.gregory@oregonstate.edu; heather.roberts@oregonstate.edu; harold.zald@oregonstate.edu NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1402-2001 EI 1654-109X J9 APPL VEG SCI JI Appl. Veg. Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 17 IS 3 BP 516 EP 527 DI 10.1111/avsc.12085 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA AJ5LU UT WOS:000337725300014 ER PT J AU Perry, GA Swanson, OL Larimore, EL Perry, BL Djira, GD Cushman, RA AF Perry, G. A. Swanson, O. L. Larimore, E. L. Perry, B. L. Djira, G. D. Cushman, R. A. TI Relationship of follicle size and concentrations of estradiol among cows exhibiting or not exhibiting estrus during a fixed-time AI protocol SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ovulation; Estrus; Follicle size; Estradiol ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; GNRH RECEPTORS; BEEF-COWS; STIMULATING-HORMONE; DOMINANT FOLLICLE; STANDING ESTRUS; UTERINE PH; PREGNANCY AB Cows exhibiting estrus near fixed-time artificial insemination (AI) had greater pregnancy success than cows not showing estrus. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between follicle size and peak estradiol concentration between cows that did or did not exhibit estrus during a fixed-time AI protocol. Ovulation was synchronized in beef cows by applying the CO-Synch protocol [GnRH (100 mu g) on day-9, prostaglandin F-2 alpha (PGF2 alpha; 25 mg) on day-2, and a second injection of GnRH 48 h after PGF(2 alpha)(day 0)] to both suckled (experiment 1) and nonsuckled (experiment 2) cows. Follicle size (day 0) and ovulation (day 2) was determined by ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected every 3 or 4 h beginning at the time of PGF(2 alpha) injection (0 h). Estrus was detected by visual observation with the aid of estrus-detection patches, and cows that ovulated were classified as exhibited estrus (n = 46) or did not exhibit estrus (n = 63). In both suckled and nonsuckled cows, there was a positive relationship between all cows (P < 0.05) and among those that exhibited estrus (P < 0.05) between follicle size and peak estradiol concentration, but no linear relationship (P > 0.50) between follicle size and peak estradiol concentration was observed among cows not exhibiting estrus. Cows that exhibited estrus had greater (P < 0.01) peak estradiol concentrations than cows that did not exhibit estrus. Suckled cows exhibiting standing estrus had greater (P < 0.001) preovulatory concentrations of estradiol beginning 6 h (replicate 1) or 4 h (replicate 2) after the injection of FGF(2 alpha) on day-2 compared with cows not exhibiting standing estrus. Nonsuckled cows exhibiting standing estrus had greater (P < 0.001) preovulatory concentrations of estradiol beginning at the injection of PGF(2 alpha) on day-2 compared with cows not exhibiting standing estrus. Furthermore, cows that exhibited estrus had an increased (P < 0.01) rate in the rise in concentrations of estradiol following the PGF(2 alpha) to peak estradiol than cows not exhibiting estrus. In summary, follicle diameter had a positive relationship with peak concentrations of estradiol, but only among cows that exhibited standing estrus, and estradiol increased earlier in cows that exhibited estrus compared with cows that did not. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Perry, G. A.; Swanson, O. L.; Larimore, E. L.; Perry, B. L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Djira, G. D.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Cushman, R. A.] ARS, USDA, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE USA. RP Perry, GA (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM george.perry@sdstate.edu FU South Dakota Research Support Fund, the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station; ARS CRIS [5438-31000-093-00D] FX This research was funded in part by the South Dakota Research Support Fund, the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and by ARS CRIS number 5438-31000-093-00D entitled "Strategies to Improve Heifer Selection and Heifer Development" (R.A.C.). The authors gratefully acknowledge D. Busch, C. Moret, and T. Glaus for technical assistance and Teva Animal Health for the donation of ProstaMate and Ova Cyst, and Pfizer Animal Health for the donation of Lutalyse. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 EI 1879-0054 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 48 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.domaniend.2014.02.001 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AJ4KA UT WOS:000337643900003 PM 24906924 ER PT J AU Harmel, RD Smith, PK Migliaccio, KW Chaubey, I Douglas-Mankin, KR Benham, B Shukla, S Munoz-Carpena, R Robson, BJ AF Harmel, R. D. Smith, P. K. Migliaccio, K. W. Chaubey, I. Douglas-Mankin, K. R. Benham, B. Shukla, S. Munoz-Carpena, R. Robson, B. J. TI Evaluating, interpreting, and communicating performance of hydrologic/water quality models considering intended use: A review and recommendations SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Review DE Water quality; Calibration; Validation; Goodness-of-fit; Stakeholders ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; MEASUREMENT UNCERTAINTY; VALIDATION; INDEX; QUANTIFICATION; IMPLEMENTATION; CALIBRATION; EFFICIENCY; HYDROLOGY; FRAMEWORK AB Previous publications have outlined recommended practices for hydrologic and water quality (H/WQ) modeling, but limited guidance has been published on how to consider the project's purpose or model's intended use, especially for the final stage of modeling applications namely evaluation, interpretation, and communication of model results. Such guidance is needed to more effectively evaluate and interpret model performance and more accurately communicate that performance to decision-makers and other modeling stakeholders. Thus, we formulated a methodology for evaluation, interpretation, and communication of H/WQ model results. The recommended methodology focuses on interpretation and communication of results, not on model development or initial calibration and validation, and as such it applies to the modeling process following initial calibration. The methodology recommends the following steps: 1) evaluate initial model performance; 2) evaluate outliers and extremes in observed values and bias in predicted values; 3) estimate uncertainty in observed data and predicted values; 4) re-evaluate model performance considering accuracy, precision, and hypothesis testing; 5) interpret model results considering intended use; and 6) communicate model performance. A flowchart and tables were developed to guide model interpretation, refinement, and proper application considering intended model uses (i.e., Exploratory, Planning, and Regulatory/Legal). The methodology was designed to enhance application of H/WQ models through conscientious evaluation, interpretation, and communication of model performance to decision-makers and other stakeholders; it is not meant to be a definitive standard or a required protocol, but together with recent recommendations and published best practices serve as guidelines for enhanced model application emphasizing the importance of the model's intended use. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Harmel, R. D.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Smith, P. K.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX USA. [Migliaccio, K. W.] Univ Florida, IFAS, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Homestead, FL USA. [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Douglas-Mankin, K. R.] USFWS, Boynton Beach, FL USA. [Benham, B.] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Shukla, S.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Immokalee, FL USA. [Munoz-Carpena, R.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL USA. [Robson, B. J.] CSIRO Land & Water, Black Mt, ACT, Australia. RP Harmel, RD (reprint author), USDA ARS, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM daren.harmel@ars.usda.gov RI Robson, Barbara/B-8296-2008; OI Robson, Barbara/0000-0002-1811-3527; Munoz-Carpena, Rafael/0000-0003-2838-1514 NR 56 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 4 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 57 BP 40 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.02.013 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AJ4NW UT WOS:000337654100006 ER PT J AU Kawai, K Meydani, SN Urassa, W Wu, D Mugusi, FM Saathoff, E Bosch, RJ Villamor, E Spiegelman, D Fawzi, WW AF Kawai, K. Meydani, S. N. Urassa, W. Wu, D. Mugusi, F. M. Saathoff, E. Bosch, R. J. Villamor, E. Spiegelman, D. Fawzi, W. W. TI Micronutrient supplementation and T cell-mediated immune responses in patients with tuberculosis in Tanzania SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE HIV; AIDS; tuberculosis (TB) ID MALNUTRITION; COINFECTION AB Limited studies exist regarding whether incorporating micronutrient supplements during tuberculosis (TB) treatment may improve cell-mediated immune response. We examined the effect of micronutrient supplementation on lymphocyte proliferation response to mycobacteria or T-cell mitogens in a randomized trial conducted on 423 patients with pulmonary TB. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive a daily dose of micronutrients (vitamins A, B-complex, C, E, and selenium) or placebo at the time of initiation of TB treatment. We found no overall effect of micronutrient supplements on lymphocyte proliferative responses to phytohaemagglutinin or purified protein derivatives in HIV-negative and HIV-positive TB patients. Of HIV-negative TB patients, the micronutrient group tended to show higher proliferative responses to concanavalin A than the placebo group, although the clinical relevance of this finding is not readily notable. The role of nutritional intervention in this vulnerable population remains an important area of future research. C1 [Kawai, K.; Villamor, E.; Spiegelman, D.; Fawzi, W. W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Villamor, E.; Fawzi, W. W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bosch, R. J.; Spiegelman, D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fawzi, W. W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bosch, R. J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Meydani, S. N.; Wu, D.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Dept Pathol,Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Meydani, S. N.; Wu, D.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Urassa, W.] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Mugusi, F. M.] Muhimbili Univ Hlth & Allied Sci, Dept Internal Med, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Saathoff, E.] Univ Munich, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Trop Med, D-81377 Munich, Germany. [Saathoff, E.] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, German Ctr Infect Res, Munich, Germany. [Villamor, E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Villamor, E.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Kawai, K (reprint author), Care of Fawzi W, Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Sch Publ Hlth, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kkawai@post.harvard.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [UO1 AI 45441-01]; USDA [58-1950-7-707] FX We thank the patients who participated in this study. We also thank the study physicians, nurses, laboratory and administrative staff at Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences and the TB clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This study was supported by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (UO1 AI 45441-01) and USDA contract 58-1950-7-707. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 142 IS 7 BP 1505 EP 1509 DI 10.1017/S0950268813002495 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AI9ZB UT WOS:000337306100021 PM 24093552 ER PT J AU Marion, DA Phillips, JD Yocum, C Mehlhope, SH AF Marion, Daniel A. Phillips, Jonathan D. Yocum, Chad Mehlhope, Stephanie H. TI Stream channel responses and soil loss at off-highway vehicle stream crossings in the Ouachita National Forest SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Off-highway vehicles; Stream crossings; Fords; Stream degradation; Geomorphic impacts; Ouachita Mountains ID WATER-QUALITY; DOWNSTREAM; SEDIMENTATION; ADJUSTMENT; MOUNTAINS; DISCHARGE; PATTERNS; VIRGINIA; ARKANSAS; IMPACTS AB This study investigates the geomorphic effects of ford-type stream crossings in an off-highway vehicle (OHV) trail complex in the Ouachita National Forest, Arkansas. At a total of 15 crossing sites, we used a disturbed vs. undisturbed study design to assess soil truncation and an upstream vs. downstream design to assess in-channel effects. The 15 sites ranged from OHV crossings active for over 20 years to those on trails that have been closed to regular use for >5 years. All of the sites designated for OHV use (14 sites) exhibit soil loss of similar to 30 to 45 cm within the trail segments on either side of the crossings. In-channel responses attributable to the crossings were observed at 14 (93%) of the sites and include increased bank erosion, increased mud coatings on coarse channel clasts, increased in-channel fine-sediment accumulations, changes in the size distributions of coarse bed material, and occurrence of large channel-filling sediment plugs. However, while every site but one shows at least one channel impact, only one site exhibits all of them. Despite the relatively homogeneous geographic area sampled, only limited generalizations are evident. Sediment impacts seem to predominate over runoff impacts from the trails. Small channels (basin areas <0.4 km(2)) show greater consistency in their response behavior than larger channels. Where OHV use is currently allowed, downstream increases in mud coatings and sediment deposition features are more common. What seems more certain is that individual effects are strongly contingent on local details of channel and valley geomorphology. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Marion, Daniel A.; Yocum, Chad] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Marion, Daniel A.; Phillips, Jonathan D.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Mehlhope, Stephanie H.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Marion, DA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, POB 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM dmarion@fs.fed.us; jdp@uky.edu; cmyocum@fs.fed.us; stephanie.houck@uky.edu OI Marion, Daniel/0000-0002-5871-8969 FU USDA Forest Service, Stream Systems Technology Center, through Challenge Cost Share [09-CS-11132422-229] FX Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Stream Systems Technology Center, through Challenge Cost Share Agreement 09-CS-11132422-229. Logistic support for fieldwork was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, and Ouachita National Forest. J. Alan Clingenpeel, James Jahnz, Eli Koslofsky, Megan Watkins, Michael Shouse, Chris Van Dyke, and Virginia McDaniel assisted in fieldwork Greg Malstaff provided useful discussion and literature research. We thank the two anonymous reviewers of an early version of this paper, and the two of the current version for their helpful comments. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 216 BP 40 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.03.034 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AJ6CG UT WOS:000337776700004 ER PT J AU Scott, RL Huxman, TE Barron-Gafford, GA Jenerette, GD Young, JM Hamerlynck, EP AF Scott, Russell L. Huxman, Travis E. Barron-Gafford, Greg A. Jenerette, G. Darrel Young, Jessica M. Hamerlynck, Erik P. TI When vegetation change alters ecosystem water availability SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; ecosystem water-use; eddy covariance; evapotranspiration; mesquite (Prosopis velutina); net ecosystem production; riparian; sacaton semiarid (Sporobolus wrightii); vegetation change; water-use efficiency; woody plant encroachment ID WOODY-PLANT ENCROACHMENT; SOIL RESPIRATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; RIPARIAN WOODLAND; EDDY COVARIANCE; CO2 EXCHANGE; FLUXES; PRECIPITATION; SHRUB; DYNAMICS AB The combined effects of vegetation and climate change on biosphere-atmosphere water vapor (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) exchanges are expected to vary depending, in part, on how biotic activity is controlled by and alters water availability. This is particularly important when a change in ecosystem composition alters the fractional covers of bare soil, grass, and woody plants so as to influence the accessibility of shallower vs. deeper soil water pools. To study this, we compared 5 years of eddy covariance measurements of H2O and CO2 fluxes over a riparian grassland, shrubland, and woodland. In comparison with the surrounding upland region, groundwater access at the riparian sites increased net carbon uptake (NEP) and evapotranspiration (ET), which were sustained over more of the year. Among the sites, the grassland used less of the stable groundwater resource, and increasing woody plant density decoupled NEP and ET from incident precipitation (P), resulting in greater exchange rates that were less variable year to year. Despite similar gross patterns, how groundwater accessibility affected NEP was more complex than ET. The grassland had higher respiration (R-eco) costs. Thus, while it had similar ET and gross carbon uptake (GEP) to the shrubland, grassland NEP was substantially less. Also, grassland carbon fluxes were more variable due to occasional flooding at the site, which both stimulated and inhibited NEP depending upon phenology. Woodland NEP was large, but surprisingly similar to the less mature, sparse shrubland, even while having much greater GEP. Woodland Reco was greater than the shrubland and responded strongly and positively to P, which resulted in a surprising negative NEP response to P. This is likely due to the large accumulation of carbon aboveground and in the surface soil. These long-term observations support the strong role that water accessibility can play when determining the consequences of ecosystem vegetation change. C1 [Scott, Russell L.; Hamerlynck, Erik P.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85716 USA. [Huxman, Travis E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Huxman, Travis E.] Univ Calif Irvine, Ctr Environm Biol, Irvine, CA USA. [Barron-Gafford, Greg A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Jenerette, G. Darrel] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Young, Jessica M.] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP Scott, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85716 USA. EM russ.scott@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, SAHRA under the National Science Foundation [EAR- 9876800]; NSF [DEB-0415977] FX This study was supported in part by USDA-ARS, SAHRA (Sustainability of semi-Arid Hydrology and Riparian Areas) under the National Science Foundation, Agreement No. EAR- 9876800 and NSF award DEB-0415977 to Huxman and Williams. We would also like to thank R. Bryant and B. Cable for their expert technical assistance over the years. USDA-ARS is an equal opportunity employer. NR 61 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 13 U2 126 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 2198 EP 2210 DI 10.1111/gcb.12511 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AJ4WU UT WOS:000337680700016 PM 24777485 ER PT J AU Bassu, S Brisson, N Durand, JL Boote, K Lizaso, J Jones, JW Rosenzweig, C Ruane, AC Adam, M Baron, C Basso, B Biernath, C Boogaard, H Conijn, S Corbeels, M Deryng, D De Sanctis, G Gayler, S Grassini, P Hatfield, J Hoek, S Izaurralde, C Jongschaap, R Kemanian, AR Kersebaum, KC Kim, SH Kumar, NS Makowski, D Muller, C Nendel, C Priesack, E Pravia, MV Sau, F Shcherbak, I Tao, F Teixeira, E Timlin, D Waha, K AF Bassu, Simona Brisson, Nadine Durand, Jean-Louis Boote, Kenneth Lizaso, Jon Jones, James W. Rosenzweig, Cynthia Ruane, Alex C. Adam, Myriam Baron, Christian Basso, Bruno Biernath, Christian Boogaard, Hendrik Conijn, Sjaak Corbeels, Marc Deryng, Delphine De Sanctis, Giacomo Gayler, Sebastian Grassini, Patricio Hatfield, Jerry Hoek, Steven Izaurralde, Cesar Jongschaap, Raymond Kemanian, Armen R. Kersebaum, K. Christian Kim, Soo-Hyung Kumar, Naresh S. Makowski, David Mueller, Christoph Nendel, Claas Priesack, Eckart Pravia, Maria Virginia Sau, Federico Shcherbak, Iurii Tao, Fulu Teixeira, Edmar Timlin, Dennis Waha, Katharina TI How do various maize crop models vary in their responses to climate change factors? SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE [CO2]; AgMIP; climate; maize; model intercomparison; simulation; temperature; uncertainty ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT; SIMULATION-MODEL; ELEVATED CO2; SYSTEMS SIMULATION; NITROGEN DYNAMICS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; YIELD; WHEAT; AGRICULTURE AB Potential consequences of climate change on crop production can be studied using mechanistic crop simulation models. While a broad variety of maize simulation models exist, it is not known whether different models diverge on grain yield responses to changes in climatic factors, or whether they agree in their general trends related to phenology, growth, and yield. With the goal of analyzing the sensitivity of simulated yields to changes in temperature and atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations [CO2], we present the largest maize crop model intercomparison to date, including 23 different models. These models were evaluated for four locations representing a wide range of maize production conditions in the world: Lusignan (France), Ames (USA), Rio Verde (Brazil) and Morogoro (Tanzania). While individual models differed considerably in absolute yield simulation at the four sites, an ensemble of a minimum number of models was able to simulate absolute yields accurately at the four sites even with low data for calibration, thus suggesting that using an ensemble of models has merit. Temperature increase had strong negative influence on modeled yield response of roughly -0.5 Mg ha(-1) per degrees C. Doubling [CO2] from 360 to 720 mu mol mol(-1) increased grain yield by 7.5% on average across models and the sites. That would therefore make temperature the main factor altering maize yields at the end of this century. Furthermore, there was a large uncertainty in the yield response to [CO2] among models. Model responses to temperature and [CO2] did not differ whether models were simulated with low calibration information or, simulated with high level of calibration information. C1 [Bassu, Simona; Brisson, Nadine; Makowski, David] INRA AgroParisTech, Unite Agron, F-78850 Thiverval Grignon, France. [Durand, Jean-Louis] INRA, Unite Rech Pluridisciplinaire Prairie & Plantes F, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [Boote, Kenneth] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Lizaso, Jon; Sau, Federico] Univ Politecn Madrid, Dept Prod Vegetal, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Jones, James W.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rosenzweig, Cynthia; Ruane, Alex C.] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, Climate Impacts Grp, New York, NY 10025 USA. [Adam, Myriam] CIRAD, UMR AGAP PAM, Montpellier, France. [Baron, Christian] CIRAD, UMR TETIS, F-34093 Montpellier, France. [Basso, Bruno; Shcherbak, Iurii] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Basso, Bruno; Shcherbak, Iurii] Univ Basilicata, Dept Crop Syst Forestry & Environm Sci, I-85100 Potenza, Italy. [Biernath, Christian; Priesack, Eckart] Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, Inst Bodenokol, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany. [Boogaard, Hendrik; Hoek, Steven] Alterra, Ctr Geoinformat, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Conijn, Sjaak; Jongschaap, Raymond] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, WUR Plant Res Int, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands. [Corbeels, Marc] CIRAD Annual Cropping Syst, BR-73310970 Planaltina, DF, Brazil. [Deryng, Delphine] Univ E Anglia, Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [Deryng, Delphine] Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. [De Sanctis, Giacomo] INRA, Unite AGROCLIM, F-84914 Avignon 9, France. [Gayler, Sebastian] Univ Tubingen, Water & Earth Syst Sci WESS Competence Cluster, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany. [Grassini, Patricio] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68503 USA. [Hatfield, Jerry] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Izaurralde, Cesar] Pacific NW Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Izaurralde, Cesar] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Kemanian, Armen R.; Pravia, Maria Virginia] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kersebaum, K. Christian; Nendel, Claas] Leibniz Ctr Agr Landscape Res, ZALF, Inst Landscape Syst Anal, D-15374 Muencheberg, Germany. [Kim, Soo-Hyung] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kumar, Naresh S.; Waha, Katharina] Indian Agr Res Inst, Ctr Environm Sci & Climate Resilient Agr, New Delhi 110012, India. [Mueller, Christoph] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, D-14412 Potsdam, Germany. [Tao, Fulu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Teixeira, Edmar] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Sustainable Prod, Canterbury, New Zealand. [Timlin, Dennis] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Durand, JL (reprint author), INRA, Unite Rech Pluridisciplinaire Prairie & Plantes F, BP 80006, F-86600 Lusignan, France. EM jean-louis.durand@lusignan.inra.fr RI Kim, Soo-Hyung/A-3012-2009; Priesack, Eckart/M-7341-2014; Deryng, Delphine/F-7417-2010; Nendel, Claas/C-8844-2013; Basso, Bruno/A-3128-2012; Teixeira, Edmar/K-1238-2016; Mueller, Christoph/E-4812-2016; OI Kim, Soo-Hyung/0000-0003-3879-4080; Deryng, Delphine/0000-0001-6214-7241; Nendel, Claas/0000-0001-7608-9097; Basso, Bruno/0000-0003-2090-4616; Teixeira, Edmar/0000-0002-4835-0590; Mueller, Christoph/0000-0002-9491-3550; Shcherbak@qut.edu.au, Iurii/0000-0003-4153-3770; Boote, Kenneth/0000-0002-1358-5496; Kersebaum, Kurt Christian/0000-0002-3679-8427; Priesack, Eckart/0000-0002-5088-9528 NR 72 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 16 U2 174 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 2301 EP 2320 DI 10.1111/gcb.12520 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AJ4WU UT WOS:000337680700025 PM 24395589 ER PT J AU MacDougall, AS Bennett, JR Firn, J Seabloom, EW Borer, ET Lind, EM Orrock, JL Harpole, WS Hautier, Y Adler, PB Cleland, E Davies, K Melbourne, B Prober, SM Bakker, JD Fay, PA Jin, VL Kendig, A La Pierre, KJ Moore, J Morgan, J Stevens, CJ AF MacDougall, Andrew S. Bennett, Joseph R. Firn, Jennifer Seabloom, Eric W. Borer, Elizabeth T. Lind, Eric M. Orrock, John L. Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Adler, Peter B. Cleland, Elsa Davies, Kendi Melbourne, Brett Prober, Suzanne M. Bakker, Jonathan D. Fay, Philip A. Jin, Virginia L. Kendig, Amy La Pierre, Kimberly J. Moore, Joslin Morgan, John Stevens, Carly J. TI Anthropogenic-based regional-scale factors most consistently explain plot-level exotic diversity in grasslands SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Anthropogenic disturbance; environmental heterogeneity; exotic plant species; Nutnet (Nutrient Network); productivity; scale dependency; species diversity ID PLANT INVASIONS; SPECIES RICHNESS; HUMAN-POPULATION; NORTH-AMERICA; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; UNITED-STATES; MAJOR CAUSE; BIODIVERSITY; PRODUCTIVITY; INVASIBILITY AB Aim Evidence linking the accumulation of exotic species to the suppression of native diversity is equivocal, often relying on data from studies that have used different methods. Plot-level studies often attribute inverse relationships between native and exotic diversity to competition, but regional abiotic filters, including anthropogenic influences, can produce similar patterns. We seek to test these alternatives using identical scale-dependent sampling protocols in multiple grasslands on two continents. Location Thirty-two grassland sites in North America and Australia. Methods We use multiscale observational data, collected identically in grain and extent at each site, to test the association of local and regional factors with the plot-level richness and abundance of native and exotic plants. Sites captured environmental and anthropogenic gradients including land-use intensity, human population density, light and soil resources, climate and elevation. Site selection occurred independently of exotic diversity, meaning that the numbers of exotic species varied randomly thereby reducing potential biases if only highly invaded sites were chosen. Results Regional factors associated directly or indirectly with human activity had the strongest associations with plot-level diversity. These regional drivers had divergent effects: urban-based economic activity was associated with high exotic:native diversity ratios; climate- and landscape-based indicators of lower human population density were associated with low exotic:native ratios. Negative correlations between plot-level native and exotic diversity, a potential signature of competitive interactions, were not prevalent; this result did not change along gradients of productivity or heterogeneity. Main conclusion We show that plot-level diversity of native and exotic plants are more consistently associated with regional-scale factors relating to urbanization and climate suitability than measures indicative of competition. These findings clarify the long-standing difficulty in resolving drivers of exotic diversity using single-factor mechanisms, suggesting that multiple interacting anthropogenic-based processes best explain the accumulation of exotic diversity in modern landscapes. C1 [MacDougall, Andrew S.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Bennett, Joseph R.] Univ Queensland, Environm Decis Grp, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Firn, Jennifer] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Earth Environm & Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Seabloom, Eric W.; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Lind, Eric M.; Hautier, Yann; Kendig, Amy] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Orrock, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53704 USA. [Harpole, W. Stanley] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hautier, Yann] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland. [Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Cleland, Elsa] Univ Calif San Diego, Ecol Behav & Evolut Sect, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Davies, Kendi; Melbourne, Brett] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Prober, Suzanne M.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Ecosyst Sci, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia. [Bakker, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fay, Philip A.; Jin, Virginia L.] ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [La Pierre, Kimberly J.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Moore, Joslin] Australian Res Ctr Urban Ecol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Moore, Joslin] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Morgan, John] La Trobe Univ, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Stevens, Carly J.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster Environm Ctr, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, England. RP MacDougall, AS (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM asm@uoguelph.ca RI Harpole, William/C-2814-2013; MacDougall, Andrew/F-2037-2011; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Adler, Peter/D-3781-2009; Prober, Suzanne/G-6465-2010; OI Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316; Borer, Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853; La Pierre, Kimberly/0000-0001-7056-4547; Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724; Harpole, William/0000-0002-3404-9174; Hautier, Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741; Bennett, Joseph/0000-0002-3901-9513; Firn, Jennifer/0000-0001-6026-8912; Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259 FU National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network [NSF-DEB-1042132, NSF-DEB-1234162]; Institute on the Environment [DG-0001-13] FX This work was generated using data from the Nutrient Network (http://www.nutnet.org) experiment, funded at the site scale by individual researchers. Coordination and data management supported by funding to E. Borer and E. Seabloom from the National Science Foundation Research Coordination Network (NSF-DEB-1042132) and Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-DEB-1234162 to Cedar Creek LTER) programmes, and the Institute on the Environment (DG-0001-13). We also thank the Minnesota Supercomputer Institute for hosting project data and the Institute on the Environment for hosting Network meetings. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 802 EP 810 DI 10.1111/geb.12157 PG 9 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AJ3CT UT WOS:000337543700009 ER PT J AU Fule, PZ Swetnam, TW Brown, PM Falk, DA Peterson, DL Allen, CD Aplet, GH Battaglia, MA Binkley, D Farris, C Keane, RE Margolis, EQ Grissino-Mayer, H Miller, C Sieg, CH Skinner, C Stephens, SL Taylor, A AF Fule, Peter Z. Swetnam, Thomas W. Brown, Peter M. Falk, Donald A. Peterson, David L. Allen, Craig D. Aplet, Gregory H. Battaglia, Mike A. Binkley, Dan Farris, Calvin Keane, Robert E. Margolis, Ellis Q. Grissino-Mayer, Henri Miller, Carol Sieg, Carolyn Hull Skinner, Carl Stephens, Scott L. Taylor, Alan TI Unsupported inferences of high-severity fire in historical dry forests of the western United States: response to Williams and Baker SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Letter DE Fire regime; fire severity; General Land Office survey; historical range of variability; ponderosa pine; wildfire ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; UPPER MONTANE FORESTS; STAND-REPLACING FIRE; SIERRA-NEVADA; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE PATTERNS; TREE RECRUITMENT; NATIONAL-PARK; LONG-TERM AB Reconstructions of dry western US forests in the late 19th century in Arizona, Colorado and Oregon based on General Land Office records were used by Williams & Baker (2012; Global Ecology and Biogeography, 21, 1042-1052; hereafter W&B) to infer past fire regimes with substantial moderate and high-severity burning. The authors concluded that present-day large, high-severity fires are not distinguishable from historical patterns. We present evidence of important errors in their study. First, the use of tree size distributions to reconstruct past fire severity and extent is not supported by empirical age-size relationships nor by studies that directly quantified disturbance history in these forests. Second, the fire severity classification of W&B is qualitatively different from most modern classification schemes, and is based on different types of data, leading to an inappropriate comparison. Third, we note that while W&B asserted surprising' heterogeneity in their reconstructions of stand density and species composition, their data are not substantially different from many previous studies which reached very different conclusions about subsequent forest and fire behaviour changes. Contrary to the conclusions of W&B, the preponderance of scientific evidence indicates that conservation of dry forest ecosystems in the western United States and their ecological, social and economic value is not consistent with a present-day disturbance regime of large, high-severity fires, especially under changing climate. C1 [Fule, Peter Z.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Swetnam, Thomas W.; Falk, Donald A.; Margolis, Ellis Q.] Univ Arizona, Lab Tree Ring Res, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Brown, Peter M.] Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Peterson, David L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Aplet, Gregory H.] Wilderness Soc, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Battaglia, Mike A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Binkley, Dan] Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Farris, Calvin] Natl Pk Serv, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA. [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Grissino-Mayer, Henri] Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Miller, Carol] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Sieg, Carolyn Hull] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Skinner, Carl] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA Serv Ctr PSW, Redding, CA 96002 USA. [Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Taylor, Alan] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Fule, PZ (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, POB 15018, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM pete.fule@nau.edu OI Grissino-Mayer, Henri/0000-0003-1088-2927 NR 49 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 67 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 825 EP 830 DI 10.1111/geb.12136 PG 6 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AJ3CT UT WOS:000337543700012 ER PT J AU Reeves, PA Richards, CM AF Reeves, Patrick A. Richards, Christopher M. TI EFFECT OF A GEOGRAPHIC BARRIER ON ADAPTATION IN THE DWARF SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS PUMILUS NUTT.) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE fitness; gene flow; niche model; population structure; reproductive isolation; common garden ID SHIFTING-BALANCE THEORY; GENE FLOW; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; LOCAL ADAPTATION; COMPARATIVE PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; DISTRIBUTION MODELS AB Premise of research. Geographic isolation promotes local adaptation but may also prevent the movement of advantageous gene complexes throughout a species distribution. We identify a geographic barrier that inhibits gene flow and adaptation across the disjunct species range of the Rocky Mountain endemic sunflower Helianthus pumilus. Methodology. Habitat suitability modeling and least-cost path analysis were used to characterize environmental preferences across the species range and to identify barriers to gene flow. Simple sequence repeat data were used to assess genetic structure and estimate recent levels of gene flow across the distributional disjunction. A common garden was used to study phenotypic differentiation and local adaptation. Controlled crosses tested for intrinsic barriers to reproduction. Pivotal results. Despite significant differences in available habitat, individuals in northern and southern regions occupy similar sites, suggesting limited adaptive differentiation in environmental preference. A region of low-suitability habitat separates the two regions. Northern and southern plants are genetically distinct. There has been little recent gene flow. Southern plants had higher fitness (measured as seed set) in the northern region than northern plants. A suite of morphological characters, present in half of southern plants, conveyed a twofold fitness advantage in the north, but this adaptive phenotype is virtually nonexistent in the northern range. Between-region crosses were equal to or more productive than within-region crosses. Conclusions. The Pikes Peak massif, a high-altitude eastward projection of the Rocky Mountains, forms a geographic barrier to gene flow in H. pumilus, a lowland foothills species. No intrinsic barriers to gene exchange between regions have yet evolved. Therefore, the geographic barrier appears to impede the movement of the adaptive phenotype found in the southern region, resulting in a northern group that is less fit than it might be, contrary to the expectation of local adaptation. C1 [Reeves, Patrick A.; Richards, Christopher M.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Reeves, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, 1111 South Mason St, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM pat.reeves@ars.usda.gov OI Richards, Christopher/0000-0002-9978-6079; Reeves, Patrick/0000-0001-9991-1397 NR 94 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 25 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-5893 EI 1537-5315 J9 INT J PLANT SCI JI Int. J. Plant Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 175 IS 6 BP 688 EP 701 DI 10.1086/676305 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5RC UT WOS:000337742500005 ER PT J AU Robertsen, G Armstrong, JD Nislow, KH Herfindal, I McKelvey, S Einum, S AF Robertsen, Grethe Armstrong, John D. Nislow, Keith H. Herfindal, Ivar McKelvey, Simon Einum, Sigurd TI Spatial variation in the relationship between performance and metabolic rate in wild juvenile Atlantic salmon SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dispersal; energetics; intraspecific variation; natural selection; standard metabolic rate ID LIFE-HISTORY STRATEGIES; OVER-WINTER SURVIVAL; BROWN TROUT; GENETIC-VARIATION; ENERGY-METABOLISM; BODY-MASS; QUANTITATIVE GENETICS; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; NATURAL-SELECTION; SOCIAL-STATUS AB Maintenance of metabolic rate (MR, the energy cost of self-maintenance) is linked to behavioural traits and fitness and varies substantially within populations. Despite having received much attention, the causes and consequences of this variation remain obscure. Theoretically, such within-population variation in fitness-related traits can be maintained by environmental heterogeneity in selection patterns, but for MR, this has rarely been tested in nature. Here, we experimentally test whether the relationship between MR and performance can vary spatially by assessing survival, growth rate and movement of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) juveniles from 10 family groups differing in MR (measured as egg metabolism) that were stocked in parallel across 10 tributaries of a single watershed. The relationship between MR and relative survival and growth rate varied significantly among tributaries. Specifically, the effect of MR ranged from negative to positive for relative survival, whereas it was negative for growth rate. The association between MR and movement was positive and did not vary significantly among tributaries. These results are consistent with a fitness cost of traits associated with behavioural dominance that varies across relatively small spatial scales (within a single watershed). More generally, our results support the hypothesis that spatial heterogeneity in environmental conditions contributes to maintain within-population variation in fitness-related traits, such as MR. C1 [Robertsen, Grethe; Herfindal, Ivar; Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Biodivers Dynam, Dept Biol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Robertsen, Grethe] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, NO-7034 Trondheim, Norway. [Armstrong, John D.] Marine Scotland Sci Freshwater Lab, Pitlochry PH16 5LB, Perth, Scotland. [Nislow, Keith H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [McKelvey, Simon] CKD Galbraith, Cromarty Firth Dist Salmon Fisheries Board, Inverness IV2 3HF, Scotland. RP Robertsen, G (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Ctr Biodivers Dynam, Dept Biol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM grethe.robertsen@nina.no RI Herfindal, Ivar/A-4609-2015 OI Herfindal, Ivar/0000-0002-5860-9252 FU Research Council of Norway; Norwegian University of Science and Technology FX We thank A. Foldvik, J. Henry, R. Kaspersson and R. Knudsen for assistance in the field, Matis-Prokaria, Iceland, for performing genotyping and parentage analyses, and two anonymous reviewers and the assistant editor for helpful comments. Financial support was provided by the Research Council of Norway and the Norwegian University of Science and Technology. This study was conducted in accordance with national animal care guidelines. NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8790 EI 1365-2656 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 83 IS 4 BP 791 EP 799 DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12182 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AJ4CO UT WOS:000337618100006 PM 24245740 ER PT J AU Connor, EE Baldwin, RL Walker, MP Ellis, SE Li, C Kahl, S Chung, H Li, RW AF Connor, E. E. Baldwin, R. L. Walker, M. P. Ellis, S. E. Li, C. Kahl, S. Chung, H. Li, R. W. TI Transcriptional regulators transforming growth factor-beta 1 and estrogen-related receptor-alpha identified as putative mediators of calf rumen epithelial tissue development and function during weaning SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE dairy calf; gene expression; rumen development ID BOVINE MAMMARY-GLAND; PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; RUMINAL EPITHELIUM; ERR-ALPHA; SODIUM BUTYRATE; HOLSTEIN CALVES; GENE-EXPRESSION; GROWTH-FACTOR; CELL-GROWTH; TGF-BETA AB Molecular mechanisms regulating rumen epithelial development remain largely unknown. To identify gene networks and regulatory factors controlling rumen development, Holstein bull calves (n = 18) were fed milk replacer only (MRO) until 42 d of age. Three calves each were euthanized at 14 and 42 d of age for tissue collection to represent preweaning, and the remaining calves were provided diets of either milk replacer + or-chard grass hay (MH; n = 6) to initiate weaning without development of rumen papillae, or milk replacer + calf starter (MG; n = 6) to initiate weaning and development of rumen papillae. At 56 and 70 d of age, 3 calves from the MH and MG groups were euthanized for collection of rumen epithelium. Total RNA and protein were extracted for microarray analysis and to validate detected changes in selected protein expression, respectively. As expected, calves fed MRO had no rumen papillae and development of papillae was greater in MG versus MH calves. Differentially expressed genes between the MRO diet at d 42 (preweaning) versus the MG or MH diets at d 56.(during weaning) were identified using permutation analysis of differential expression. Expression of 345 and 519 transcripts was uniquely responsive to MG and MH feeding, respectively. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (Qiagen, Redwood City, CA) indicated that the top-ranked biological function affected by the MG diet was the cell cycle, and TFGB1, FBOX01, and PPARA were identified as key transcriptional regulators of genes responsive to the MG diet and associated with development of rumen papillae. Increased expressions of TGFB1 mRNA and protein in response to the MG diet were confirmed by subsequent analyses. The top-ranking biological function affected by the MH diet was energy production. Receptors for IGF-1 and insulin, ESRRA, and PPARD were identified by ingenuity pathway analysis as transcriptional regulators of genes responsive to the MH diet. Further analysis of TGFB1 and ESRRA mRNA expression in rumen epithelium obtained from a separate ontogenic study of Holstein calves (n = 26) euthanized every 7 d from birth to 42 d of age showed increases in transcript expression with advancing age, supporting their roles in mediating rumen epithelial development and function during weaning. Additional evaluation of gene expression in the rumen epithelium of adult cows ruminally infused with butyrate also suggested that observed changes in ESRRA mRNA expression in developing calf rumen may be mediated by increased butyrate concentration. Our results identify TGFB1 and ESRRA as likely transcriptional regulators of rumen epithelial development and energy metabolism, respectively, and provide targets for modulation of rumen development and function in the growing calf. C1 [Connor, E. E.; Baldwin, R. L.; Walker, M. P.; Li, C.; Kahl, S.; Li, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ellis, S. E.] Clemson Univ, Anim & Vet Sci Dept, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Chung, H.] Natl Livestock Inst, Anim Genom & Bioinformat Div, Suwon 441701, South Korea. RP Connor, EE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM erin.connor@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 97 IS 7 BP 4193 EP 4207 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7471 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AJ4OP UT WOS:000337656000020 PM 24767884 ER PT J AU Gay, KD Widmar, NJO Nennich, TD Schinckel, AP Cole, JB Schutz, MM AF Gay, K. D. Widmar, N. J. O. Nennich, T. D. Schinckel, A. P. Cole, J. B. Schutz, M. M. TI Development of a Lifetime Merit-based selection index for US dairy grazing systems SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE economic value; genetic; grazing; selection index ID BODY CONDITION SCORES; PRODUCTION TRAITS; ENVIRONMENT; FORM; COMPONENTS; MODEL AB Pasture-based dairy producers in the United States face costs, revenue streams, and management challenges that may differ from those associated with confinement dairy production systems. Three Grazing Merit indices (GM$1, GM$2, and GM$3), parallel to the US Lifetime Net Merit (NM$) index, were constructed using economic values appropriate for grazing production in the United States. Milk prices based on averages from the previous 5 yr were used for GM$1, whereas GM$2 and GM$3 used milk prices found in NM$. Cull prices and interest rates from NM$ were used in GM$3 but were updated for GM$1 and GM$2. All other inputs remained constant among GM$1, GM$2, and GM$3. Economic costs and revenues were obtained from surveys, recent literature, and farm financial record summaries. Derived weights for GM$ were then multiplied by the predicted transmitting abilities of 584 active artificial insemination Holstein bulls to compare with NM$. Spearman rank correlations for NM$ were 0.93 with GM$1, 0.98 with GM$2, and 0.98 with GM$3. Traits (and their percentages of weight) comprising GM$1, GM$2, and GM$3, respectively, included milk volume (24, 0, 0%), Fat yield (16, 21, 21%), protein yield (4, 17, 17%), productive life (7, 8, 7%), somatic cell count (-8, -9, -9%), feet and legs composite (4, 4, 4%), body size composite (-3, -4, -4%), udder composite (7, 8, 8%), daughter pregnancy rate (18, 20, 20%), calving ability (3, 3, 3%), and dairy form (6, 6, 6%). These weights compared with NM$ weights of 0, 19, 16, 22, 10, 4, 6, 7, 11, 5, and 0% for the same traits, respectively. Dairy form was added to GM$ to offset the decrease in strength associated with selection to reduce stature through selection against body size. Emphasis on productive life decreased in GM$ because grazing cattle are estimated to remain in the herd considerably longer, diminishing the marginal value of productive life. Although NM$ provides guidance for grazing dairy producers, a GM$ index based upon appropriate costs and revenues allows for selection of cows and bulls for more optimal genetic progress. C1 [Gay, K. D.; Nennich, T. D.; Schinckel, A. P.; Schutz, M. M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Widmar, N. J. O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cole, J. B.] Agr Res Serv, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Schutz, MM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM mschutz@purdue.edu RI Gay, Keegan/F-4195-2016; Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 97 IS 7 BP 4568 EP 4578 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7474 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AJ4OP UT WOS:000337656000058 PM 24792796 ER PT J AU Tomasula, PM Datta, N Yee, WCF McAloon, AJ Nutter, DW Sampedro, F Bonnaillie, LM AF Tomasula, P. M. Datta, N. Yee, W. C. F. McAloon, A. J. Nutter, D. W. Sampedro, F. Bonnaillie, L. M. TI Computer simulation of energy use, greenhouse gas emissions, and costs for alternative methods of processing fluid milk SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE greenhouse gas; energy use; water use; nonthermal milk processing ID PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; SHELF-LIFE MILK; HIGH-TEMPERATURE; MICROFILTRATION; PASTEURIZATION; TECHNOLOGY AB Computer simulation is a useful tool for benchmarking electrical and fuel energy consumption and water use in a fluid milk plant. In this study, a computer simulation model of the fluid milk process based on high temperature, short time (HTST) pasteurization was extended to include models for processes for shelf-stable milk and extended shelf-life milk that may help prevent the loss or waste of milk that leads to increases in the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions for fluid milk. The models were for UHT processing, crossflow microfiltration (MF) without HTST pasteurization, crossflow MF followed by HTST pasteurization (MF/HTST), crossflow MF/HTST with partial homogenization, and pulsed electric field (PEF) processing, and were incorporated into the existing model for the fluid milk process. Simulation trials were conducted assuming a production rate for the plants of 113.6 million liters of milk per year to produce only whole milk (3.25%) and 40% cream. Results showed that GHG emissions in the form of process-related CO2 emissions, defined as CO2 equivalents (e)/kg of raw milk processed (RMP), and specific energy consumptions (SEC) for electricity and natural gas use for the HTST process alone were 37.6 g of CO(2)e/kg of RMP, 0.14 MJ/kg of RMP, and 0.13 MJ/kg of RMP, respectively. Emissions of CO2 and SEC for electricity and natural gas use were highest for the PEF process, with values of 99.1 g of CO(2)e/kg of RMP, 0.44 MJ/kg of RMP, and 0.10 MJ/kg of RMP, respectively, and lowest for the UHT process at 31.4 g of CO(2)e/kg of RMP, 0.10 MJ/kg of RMP, and 0.17 MJ/kg of RMP. Estimated unit production costs associated with the various processes were lowest for the HTST process and MF/HTST with partial homogenization at $0.507/L and highest for the UHT process at $0.60/L. The increase in shelf life associated with the UHT and MF processes may eliminate some of the supply chain product and consumer losses and waste of milk and compensate for the small increases in GHG emissions or total SEC noted for these processes compared with HTST pasteurization alone. The water use calculated for the HTST and PEF processes were both 0.245 kg of water/kg of RMP. The highest water use was associated with the MF/HTST process, which required 0.333 kg of water/kg of RMP, with the additional water required for membrane cleaning. The simulation model is a benchmarking framework for current plant operations and a tool for evaluating the costs of process upgrades and new technologies that improve energy efficiency and water savings. C1 [Tomasula, P. M.; Yee, W. C. F.; Bonnaillie, L. M.] Agr Res Serv, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Datta, N.] Victoria Univ, Coll Hlth & Biomed, Melbourne, Vic 8001, Australia. [McAloon, A. J.] Agr Res Serv, Proc & Econ Res Support Grp, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Nutter, D. W.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Mech Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Sampedro, F.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Tomasula, PM (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM peggy.tomasula@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 97 IS 7 BP 4594 EP 4611 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7546 PG 18 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AJ4OP UT WOS:000337656000060 PM 24792792 ER PT J AU LaFrentz, BR Waldbieser, GC Welch, TJ Shoemaker, CA AF LaFrentz, B. R. Waldbieser, G. C. Welch, T. J. Shoemaker, C. A. TI Intragenomic heterogeneity in the 16S rRNA genes of Flavobacterium columnare and standard protocol for genomovar assignment SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE 16S rRNA; columnaris disease; Flavobacterium columnare; genomovar; intragenomic heterogeneity; restriction fragment length polymorphism ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHANNEL CATFISH; FISH PATHOGEN; DIVERSITY; STRAINS; POLYMORPHISM; VIRULENCE; GENOMES; CHALLENGE; MORTALITY AB Genetic variability in 16S rRNA gene sequences has been demonstrated among isolates of Flavobacterium columnare, and a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay is available for genetic typing of this important fish pathogen. Interpretation of restriction patterns can be difficult due to the lack of a formal description of the expected number and sizes of DNA fragments generated for each of the described genomovars. In this study, partial 16S rRNA gene sequences (ca. 1250-bp fragment) from isolates representing each described genomovar and isolates generating unique restriction patterns were cloned and sequenced. The results demonstrated that some isolates contained up to three different 16S rRNA genes whose sequences generate different RFLP patterns due to intragenomic heterogeneity within HaeIII restriction sites. The occurrence of HaeIII restriction sites within the portion of the 16S rRNA gene used for typing the F. columnare isolates and intragenomic heterogeneity within these sites explained the restriction patterns observed following RFLP analyses. This research provides a standard protocol for typing isolates of F. columnare by RFLP and a formal description of the expected restriction patterns for the previously described genomovars I, II, II-B and III. Additionally, we describe a new genomovar, I/II. C1 [LaFrentz, B. R.; Shoemaker, C. A.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Waldbieser, G. C.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA. [Welch, T. J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP LaFrentz, BR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM benjamin.lafrentz@ars.usda.gov OI Welch, Tim/0000-0003-1096-3006 FU USDA-ARS CRIS Project (Integrated Aquatic Animal Health Strategies) [6420-32000-024-00D] FX The authors thank Ning Qin, Julio Garcia and Paige Mumma of USDA-ARS (Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit) for technical assistance. The authors thank Mona Kirby of USDA-ARS (Catfish Genetics Research Unit) and Xiaofen Liu of USDA-ARS (Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit) for DNA sequencing technical support. The authors also thank Bradley Farmer of USDA-ARS (Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center) for providing F. columnare isolate 90-106. This research was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 6420-32000-024-00D (Integrated Aquatic Animal Health Strategies). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 EI 1365-2761 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 37 IS 7 BP 657 EP 669 DI 10.1111/jfd.12166 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ5DT UT WOS:000337702900006 PM 23957760 ER PT J AU Hale, MC Colletti, JA Gahr, SA Scardina, J Thrower, FP Harmon, M Carter, M Phillips, RB Thorgaard, GH Rexroad, CE Nichols, KM AF Hale, Matthew C. Colletti, John A. Gahr, Scott A. Scardina, Julie Thrower, Frank P. Harmon, Matthew Carter, Megan Phillips, Ruth B. Thorgaard, Gary H. Rexroad, Caird E., III Nichols, Krista M. TI Mapping and Expression of Candidate Genes for Development Rate in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE qPCR; quantitative genetics; quantitative trait loci; salmonid ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; MICROSATELLITE LINKAGE MAP; ATLANTIC SALMON; STEELHEAD TROUT; MEIOTIC MAPS; ARCTIC CHARR; BODY-WEIGHT; ARCHITECTURE; POPULATIONS; FISH AB Development rate has important implications for individual fitness and physiology. In salmonid fishes, development rate correlates with many traits later in life, including life-history diversity, growth, and age and size at sexual maturation. In rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a quantitative trait locus for embryonic development rate has been detected on chromosome 5 across populations. However, few candidate genes have been identified within this region. In this study, we use gene mapping, gene expression, and quantitative genetic methods to further identify the genetic basis of embryonic developmental rate in O. mykiss. Among the genes located in the region of the major development rate quantitative trait locus (GHR1, Clock1a, Myd118-1, and their paralogs), all were expressed early in embryonic development (fertilization through hatch), but none were differentially expressed between individuals with the fast-or slow-developing alleles for a major embryonic development rate quantitative trait locus. In a follow-up study of migratory and resident rainbow trout from natural populations in Alaska, we found significant additive variation in development rate and, moreover, found associations between development rate and allelic variation in all 3 candidate genes within the quantitative trait locus for embryonic development. The mapping of these genes to this region and associations in multiple populations provide positional candidates for further study of their roles in growth, development, and life-history diversity in this model salmonid. C1 [Hale, Matthew C.; Colletti, John A.; Scardina, Julie; Harmon, Matthew; Carter, Megan; Nichols, Krista M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Gahr, Scott A.] St Vincent Coll, Dept Biol, Latrobe, PA USA. [Thrower, Frank P.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Juneau, AK USA. [Phillips, Ruth B.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Vancouver, WA USA. [Thorgaard, Gary H.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Thorgaard, Gary H.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Reprod Biol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rexroad, Caird E., III] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Cool & Coldwater Aquaculture, Leetown, WV USA. [Nichols, Krista M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Nichols, Krista M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Conservat Biol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. RP Nichols, KM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM krista.nichols@noaa.gov FU National Research Council, US Department of Agriculture - National Research Initiative [2007-35205-17881]; National Science Foundation [NSF-DEB-0845265]; Howard Hughes Medical Institute FX National Research Council, US Department of Agriculture - National Research Initiative grant (2007-35205-17881), National Science Foundation Career Award (NSF-DEB-0845265) (to K.M.N.); Howard Hughes Medical Institute undergraduate fellowships (to J.A.C. and M.H.). NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 105 IS 4 BP 506 EP 520 DI 10.1093/jhered/esu018 PG 15 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AJ6KJ UT WOS:000337802400007 PM 24744432 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH AF Tunick, Michael H. TI Analyzing volatile compounds in dairy products SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE dairy products; electronic nose; gas chromatography; volatile compounds ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; SIMULTANEOUS DISTILLATION-EXTRACTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; BAR SORPTIVE EXTRACTION; SWEET CREAM BUTTER; FLAVOR COMPOUNDS; AROMA COMPOUNDS; ELECTRONIC-NOSE; LOW-FAT; MASS SPECTROMETRY AB Volatile compounds give the first indication of the flavor in a dairy product. Volatiles are isolated from the sample matrix and then analyzed by chromatography, sensory methods or an electronic nose. Isolation may be performed by solvent extraction or headspace analysis, and gas chromatography is often employed with various detectors to identify odorants. The human nose is also used as a detector, and electronic noses are being developed to qualitate and quantitate volatiles. A reliable technique for analyzing odorants in dairy products has not yet been invented. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM michael.tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1701 EP 1705 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6586 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AJ3VE UT WOS:000337595200001 PM 24549967 ER PT J AU Luthria, DL Memon, AA Liu, KS AF Luthria, Devanand L. Memon, Ayaz A. Liu, Keshun TI Changes in phenolic acid content during dry-grind processing of corn into ethanol and DDGS SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE dry-grind processing of corn to ethanol and DDGS; phenolic acids; HPLC-DAD-MS analysis; antioxidant capacity; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay ID DISTILLERS DRIED GRAINS; SAMPLE PREPARATION; SOLUBLES; PROFILE; FOODS AB BACKGROUND: Nine fractions (1, ground corn; 2, cooked slurry; 3, liquefied slurry; 4, fermented mash; 5, whole stillage; 6, thin stillage; 7, condensed distillers soluble (CDS); 8, distillers wet grains (DWG); and 9, distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS)) were collected at different steps from three commercial dry-grind bioethanol processing plants. Samples were analyzed for individual and total phenolic acid content by HPLC and the antioxidant capacity by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. RESULTS: There were significant differences in phenolic acid (individual and total) content and the antioxidant capacity in the nine fractions collected from the three processing plants, but the changing trends in all three plants were very similar. The four phenolic acids identified in all fractions were caffeic, p-coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acids. Vanillic acid was present in all fractions except fractions 2 and 3. All fractions collected following fermentation, except fractions 6 and 7, had higher concentrations of phenolic acids than fractions before fermentation, with DWG having the highest phenolic acids content. CONCLUSION: The increased concentration of phenolic acid content after fermentation in four fractions (4, 5, 8 and 9) was primarily due to depletion of starch during dry-grind processing. Further research is needed to investigate the influence of enriched phenolic acid concentration in DDGS on diet palatability (sensory property) and animal health. Published 2013. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Luthria, Devanand L.; Memon, Ayaz A.] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Keshun] ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Luthria, DL (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA,BARC E, Bldg 161,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM D.Luthria@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1723 EP 1728 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6481 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AJ3VE UT WOS:000337595200004 PM 24243569 ER PT J AU Belefant-Miller, H Grunden, E AF Belefant-Miller, Helen Grunden, Eric TI Carotenoid metabolism is induced in rice bran during very high temperature stress SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE lutein; colored bran; apocarotenoids; wild rice; stackburn; yellowing ID SYNTHASE GENE FAMILY; BETA-CAROTENE; PHYTOENE; ENDOSPERM; MAIZE; CAROTENOGENESIS; CHLOROPLASTS AB BACKGROUND: Postharvest yellowing (PhY) causes yellowing in rice endosperm during conditions of high temperature and moisture. Rice bran was investigated as a model tissue for studying PhY and for determining the possibility of carotenoids as the source of the yellow color. RESULTS: A survey of different colored rice and wild (non-sativa) rice lines resulted in the identification of several purple bran lines having very low or no bran carotenoids. Transcription levels of phytoene synthase, the first committed step in carotenoid biosynthesis, were higher in carotenoid-containing bran, indicating that carotogenesis is an ongoing process in mature bran. Bran and endosperm subjected to PhY conditions had a similar temperature optimum and color responses, so bran was utilized to investigate carotenoid levels and transcription levels of genes for carotogenesis during PhY. During PhY, total carotenoid levels in bran increased while levels of the predominant xanthophyll carotenoid, lutein, decreased. This difference could be explained by carotenoids being metabolized into apocarotenoids, which have high antioxidant activities and can be highly colored. This mechanism is further supported by the long-term transcription during PhY of CCD1, which encodes an enzyme in apocarotenoid production. CONCLUSION: We propose that PhY is an active, metabolic response to a very high temperature stress and that the increase in total carotenoids in bran during PhY is a result of the production of colored apocarotenoids. (C) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Belefant-Miller, Helen; Grunden, Eric] ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Belefant-Miller, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Highway 130E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM drhelenmiller@gmail.com NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 94 IS 9 BP 1808 EP 1815 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6496 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AJ3VE UT WOS:000337595200016 PM 24282164 ER PT J AU Salas-Leiva, DE Meerow, AW Francisco-Ortega, J Calonje, M Griffith, MP Stevenson, DW Nakamura, K AF Salas-Leiva, Dayana E. Meerow, Alan W. Francisco-Ortega, Javier Calonje, Michael Griffith, M. Patrick Stevenson, Dennis W. Nakamura, Kyoko TI Conserved genetic regions across angiosperms as tools to develop single-copy nuclear markers in gymnosperms: an example using cycads SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Review DE cycads; molecular marker development; nuclear genome; phylogeography ID PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS; PLANT PHYLOGENETICS; RHEUM POLYGONACEAE; TAXONOMIC LEVELS; DNA-SEQUENCES; DATA SET; INTRON; EVOLUTION; RECONSTRUCTION AB Several individuals of the Caribbean Zamia clade and other cycad genera were used to identify single-copy nuclear genes for phylogeographic and phylogenetic studies in Cycadales. Two strategies were employed to select target loci: (i) a tblastX search of Arabidopsis conserved ortholog sequence (COS) set and (ii) a tblastX search of Arabidopsis-Populus-Vitis-Oryza Shared Single-Copy genes (APVO SSC) against the EST Zamia databases in GenBank. From the first strategy, 30 loci were selected, and from the second, 16 loci. In both cases, the matching GenBank accessions of Zamia were used as a query for retrieving highly similar sequences from Cycas, Picea, Pinus species or Ginkgo biloba. After retrieving and aligning all the sequences in each locus, intron predictions were completed to assist in primer design. PCR was carried out in three rounds to detect paralogous loci. A total of 29 loci were successfully amplified as a single band of which 20 were likely single-copy loci. These loci showed different diversity and divergence levels. A preliminary screening allowed us to select 8 promising loci (40S, ATG2, BG, GroES, GTP, LiSH, PEX4 and TR) for the Zamia pumila complex and 4 loci (COS26, GroES, GTP and HTS) for all other cycad genera. C1 [Salas-Leiva, Dayana E.; Francisco-Ortega, Javier; Calonje, Michael] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Salas-Leiva, Dayana E.; Meerow, Alan W.; Nakamura, Kyoko] ARS, USDA, SHRS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Salas-Leiva, Dayana E.; Calonje, Michael; Griffith, M. Patrick] Montgomery Bot Ctr, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Kushlan Trop Sci Inst, Coral Gables, FL 33156 USA. [Stevenson, Dennis W.] New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. RP Meerow, AW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SHRS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. EM alan.meerow@ars.usda.gov OI Calonje, Michael/0000-0001-9650-3136 FU National Science Foundation through Florida International University [DEB 1050340]; USDA; Montgomery Botanical Center; New York Botanical Garden; Christiane Tyson Research Fellowship through Montgomery Botanical Center; Mohamed Bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund [0925331] FX This is contribution number 270 from the Tropical Biology Program of Florida International University. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation [DEB 1050340] to J.F.-O., A. W. M., P. G. and D. W. S. through Florida International University, USDA, Montgomery Botanical Center, and the New York Botanical Garden, and by a Christiane Tyson Research Fellowship to D.S-L. through Montgomery Botanical Center. Field work in the Caribbean Islands and Florida was supported by the Mohamed Bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund (project number 0925331), Montgomery Botanical Center, United States Department of Agriculture-ARS and Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden. NR 102 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1755-098X EI 1755-0998 J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 14 IS 4 BP 831 EP 845 DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12228 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AJ4AM UT WOS:000337611400017 PM 24444413 ER PT J AU Fellbaum, CR Mensah, JA Cloos, AJ Strahan, GE Pfeffer, PE Kiers, ET Bucking, H AF Fellbaum, Carl R. Mensah, Jerry A. Cloos, Adam J. Strahan, Gary E. Pfeffer, Philip E. Kiers, E. Toby Buecking, Heike TI Fungal nutrient allocation in common mycorrhizal networks is regulated by the carbon source strength of individual host plants SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis; cooperation; decision making; Medicago; mutualism; nitrogen transport; phosphate transport; photosynthetic activity ID PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER; GLOMUS-INTRARADICES; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZA; IN-VITRO; AMMONIUM TRANSPORTERS; NITROGEN TRANSFER; GENE-EXPRESSION; ROOTS; SYMBIOSIS AB Common mycorrhizal networks (CMNs) of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the soil simultaneously provide multiple host plants with nutrients, but the mechanisms by which the nutrient transport to individual host plants within one CMN is controlled are unknown. Using radioactive and stable isotopes, we followed the transport of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) in the CMNs of two fungal species to plants that differed in their carbon (C) source strength, and correlated the transport to the expression of mycorrhiza-inducible plant P (MtPt4) and ammonium (1723.m00046) transporters in mycorrhizal roots. AM fungi discriminated between host plants that shared a CMN and preferentially allocated nutrients to high-quality (nonshaded) hosts. However, the fungus also supplied low-quality (shaded) hosts with nutrients and maintained a high colonization rate in these plants. Fungal P transport was correlated to the expression of MtPt4. The expression of the putative ammonium transporter 1723.m00046 was dependent on the fungal nutrient supply and was induced when the CMN had access to N. Biological market theory has emerged as a tool with which the strategic investment of competing partners in trading networks can be studied. Our work demonstrates how fungal partners are able to retain bargaining power, despite being obligately dependent on their hosts. C1 [Fellbaum, Carl R.; Mensah, Jerry A.; Cloos, Adam J.; Buecking, Heike] S Dakota State Univ, Biol & Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Pfeffer, Philip E.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Kiers, E. Toby] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Ecol Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Bucking, H (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Biol & Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM heike.bucking@sdstate.edu FU NSF [1051397]; NWO; European Research Council FX We thank the NSF (IOS award 1051397), NWO (Vidi and Meervoud grants to E.T.K.), and the European Research Council (E.T.K.) for financial support. We also would like to thank the reviewers for their helpful suggestions, Dr Alberto Bago (Estacion Experimental Del Zaidin) for the provision of AM fungal isolates, Rhea Lawrence (SDSU) and Lindsay Rogers (USDA/ERRC, Wyndmoor, PA, USA) for technical assistance, and Suresh Damodaran and Mauricio Erazo (SDSU) for helpful discussion. NR 59 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 23 U2 193 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 203 IS 2 BP 646 EP 656 DI 10.1111/nph.12827 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ4IW UT WOS:000337639800027 PM 24787049 ER PT J AU Leskey, TC Short, BD Lee, DH AF Leskey, Tracy C. Short, Brent D. Lee, Doo-Hyung TI Efficacy of insecticide residues on adult Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) mortality and injury in apple and peach orchards SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE brown marmorated stink bug; invasive species; IPM; residual activity ID MARMORATED STINK BUG; SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS; NATURAL ENEMIES; IMPACT; PESTS; PENNSYLVANIA; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE AB BACKGROUND: The primary threat from Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) originates from populations continuously dispersing from and among wild and cultivated hosts, so many individuals may not be directly sprayed with insecticides. Limited information exists regarding field-based residual activity of insecticides for management of H. halys in tree fruit. Thus, we conducted field-based bioassays in apple and peach orchards to evaluate residual activity of insecticides commonly applied against H. halys. Adults used in these trials were collected from wild and cultivated hosts less than one week prior to testing to more accurately reflect the susceptibility of wild H. halys populations in the field throughout the season. RESULTS: Significantly higher mortality rates of Halyomorpha halys were observed early in the growing season, when overwintered adults were prevalent, compared with populations present later in the growing season that included new generation adults. Significantly higher mortality was recorded for adults exposed to fresh insecticide applications compared with three-and seven-day old residues. Typically, the addition of an adjuvant did not enhance efficacy or residual activity of insecticides. Significantly fewer injury sites were recorded on apples treated with dinotefuran and fenpropathrin compared with the untreated apples for all residue ages. CONCLUSIONS: Overwintered Halyomorpha halys populations are easier to kill with insecticide applications than the first and second generation which are present in the field during the mid-to late-season. Residual activity of nearly all insecticides decreased significantly three days after application and adjuvants generally did not increase residual activity. These factors should be considered in developing season-long programs for management of this invasive species in tree fruit. (C) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Leskey, Tracy C.; Short, Brent D.; Lee, Doo-Hyung] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 70 IS 7 BP 1097 EP 1104 DI 10.1002/ps.3653 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AJ5CI UT WOS:000337698400012 PM 24038921 ER PT J AU Cabrera, JA Wang, D Gerik, JS Gan, J AF Cabrera, J. Alfonso Wang, Dong Gerik, James S. Gan, Jay TI Spot drip application of dimethyl disulfide as a post-plant treatment for the control of plant parasitic nematodes and soilborne pathogens in grape production SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE spot fumigation; Paladin; dimethyl disulfide; Meloidogyne spp.; Mesocriconema xenoplax; Paratylenchus spp.; Tylenchulus semipenetrans; Fusarium oxysporum; Pythium ultimum ID METHYL-BROMIDE; FUMIGANTS; CALIFORNIA; FRANCE AB BACKGROUND: Plant parasitic nematodes and soilborne pathogens can reduce the overall productivity in grape production. Not all grape growers apply soil fumigants before planting, and there is no single rootstock resistant to all nematode species. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) applied at 112, 224, 448 and 897 kg ha(-1) as a post-plant treatment against soilborne plant parasitic nematodes and pathogens on the grape yield in established grapevines. RESULTS: In microplot and field trials, post-plant fumigation with DMDS controlled citrus (Tylenchulus semipenetrans), root-knot (Meloidogyne spp.), pin (Paratylenchus spp.) and ring (Mesocriconema xenoplax) nematodes in established Thomson Seedless grapevines. However, DMDS did not control the soilborne pathogens Pythium ultimum and Fusarium oxysporum. No indications of phytotoxicity were detected after post-plant fumigation with DMDS. In the field trial, grape yield was significantly higher with the lowest DMDS rate, but no difference among other rates was observed in comparison with the untreated control. CONCLUSION: Post-plant fumigation with DMDS controlled plant parasitic nematodes in established grapevines but was less efficacious against soilborne pathogens. Low rates of DMDS were sufficient for nematode control and increased the grape yield, probably without affecting beneficial soil organisms. Further research on evaluating the potential effect of DMDS against beneficial soil organisms is needed. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Cabrera, J. Alfonso; Wang, Dong; Gerik, James S.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Cabrera, J. Alfonso; Gan, Jay] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Wang, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Water Management Res Unit, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM dong.wang@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 70 IS 7 BP 1151 EP 1157 DI 10.1002/ps.3666 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AJ5CI UT WOS:000337698400019 PM 24307137 ER PT J AU Marek, LJ Koskinen, WC AF Marek, LeEtta J. Koskinen, William C. TI Simplified analysis of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in water, vegetation and soil by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE glyphosate; AMPA; LC-MS/MS analysis; soil; water; vegetation ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; (AMINOMETHYL)PHOSPHONIC ACID; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; DRINKING-WATER; EXCHANGE RESIN; DERIVATIZATION; GLUFOSINATE; AMPA AB BACKGROUND: There is a need for a simple, fast, efficient and sensitive method for analysis of glyphosate and its degradate aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in diverse matrices such as water, vegetation and soil. RESULTS: Aqueous extracts from water, vegetation and soil were passed through reverse-phase and cation-exchange columns and directly injected into a tandem mass spectrometer using only a guard column for separation. Extraction efficiencies from the three matrices were >80% for both glyphosate and AMPA. The method reporting levels (MRLs) for glyphosate in water, vegetation and soil were 3.04 mu g L-1, 0.05 mg kg(-1) and 0.37 mg kg(-1) respectively. AMPA MRLs were 5.06 mu g L-1 for water, 0.08 mg kg(-1) for vegetation and 0.61 mg kg(-1) for soil. CONCLUSIONS: A validated, simple and efficient liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for routine analysis of glyphosate and AMPA in water, vegetation and soil that uses minimal sample handling and clean-up will facilitate the additional environmental research needed to address the continuing concerns related to increasing glyphosate use. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Marek, LeEtta J.] Minnesota Dept Agr, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. [Koskinen, William C.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA. RP Marek, LJ (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Agr, St Paul, MN 55155 USA. EM Leetta.Marek@state.mn.us NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 68 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 70 IS 7 BP 1158 EP 1164 DI 10.1002/ps.3684 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AJ5CI UT WOS:000337698400020 PM 24254420 ER PT J AU Beck, JJ Smith, L Baig, N AF Beck, John J. Smith, Lincoln Baig, Nausheena TI An Overview of Plant Volatile Metabolomics, Sample Treatment and Reporting Considerations with Emphasis on Mechanical Damage and Biological Control of Weeds SO PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Review DE GC-MS; biological control agents; damage; invasive weeds; plant volatiles ID ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; HOST-PLANT; CONTROL AGENT; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GC-MS; MELALEUCA-QUINQUENERVIA; CERATAPION-BASICORNE; HERBIVOROUS INSECTS; NAVEL ORANGEWORM; PARASITIC WASPS AB Introduction - The technology for the collection and analysis of plant-emitted volatiles for understanding chemical cues of plant-plant, plant-insect or plant-microbe interactions has increased over the years. Consequently, the in situ collection, analysis and identification of volatiles are considered integral to elucidation of complex plant communications. Due to the complexity and range of emissions the conditions for consistent emission of volatiles are difficult to standardise. Objective -To discuss: evaluation of emitted volatile metabolites as a means of screening potential target-and non-target weeds/plants for insect biological control agents; plant volatile metabolomics to analyse resultant data; importance of considering volatiles from damaged plants; and use of a database for reporting experimental conditions and results. Method - Recent literature relating to plant volatiles and plant volatile metabolomics are summarised to provide a basic understanding of how metabolomics can be applied to the study of plant volatiles. Results - An overview of plant secondary metabolites, plant volatile metabolomics, analysis of plant volatile metabolomics data and the subsequent input into a database, the roles of plant volatiles, volatile emission as a function of treatment, and the application of plant volatile metabolomics to biological control of invasive weeds. Conclusion - It is recommended that in addition to a non-damaged treatment, plants be damaged prior to collecting volatiles to provide the greatest diversity of odours. For the model system provided, optimal volatile emission occurred when the leaf was punctured with a needle. Results stored in a database should include basic environmental conditions or treatments. Copyright (C) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Beck, John J.; Smith, Lincoln; Baig, Nausheena] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Beck, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.beck@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS project [5325-42000-037, 5325-42000-025] FX The authors wish to thank numerous scientists who kindly donated welcome advice, time, or enlightening discussions during the drafting of this article: J. Lisec, M. Maffei and J.-L. Wolfender. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. This work was performed under USDA-ARS project numbers 5325-42000-037 and 5325-42000-025. NR 108 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0958-0344 EI 1099-1565 J9 PHYTOCHEM ANALYSIS JI Phytochem. Anal. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 25 IS 4 SI SI BP 331 EP 341 DI 10.1002/pca.2486 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA AJ5NL UT WOS:000337730800005 PM 24347157 ER PT J AU Okubara, PA Schroeder, KL Abatzoglou, JT Paulitz, TC AF Okubara, Patricia A. Schroeder, Kurtis L. Abatzoglou, John T. Paulitz, Timothy C. TI Agroecological Factors Correlated to Soil DNA Concentrations of Rhizoctonia in Dryland Wheat Production Zones of Washington State, USA SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agroclimate zone; direct seed ID INLAND PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ROOT-ROT; UNITED-STATES; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; CROPPING SYSTEMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WINTER-WHEAT; SOLANI AG-8; DISEASES; ORYZAE AB The necrotrophic soilborne fungal pathogens Rhizoctonia solani AG8 and R. oryzae are principal causal agents of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch of wheat in dryland cropping systems of the Pacific Northwest. A 3-year survey of 33 parcels at 11 growers' sites and 60 trial plots at 12 Washington State University cereal variety test locations was undertaken to understand the distribution of these pathogens. Pathogen DNA concentrations in soils, quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction, were correlated with precipitation, temperature maxima and minima, and soil texture factors in a pathogen-specific manner. Specifically, R. solani AG8 DNA concentration was negatively correlated with precipitation and not correlated with temperature minima,. whereas R. oryzae concentration was correlated with temperature minima but not with precipitation. However, both pathogens were more abundant in soils with higher sand and lower clay content. Principal component analysis also indicated that unique groups of meteorological and soil factors were associated with each pathogen. Furthermore, tillage did not affect R. oryzae but affected R. solani AG8 at P = 0.06. Lower soil concentrations of R. solani AG8 but not R. oryzae occurred when the previously planted crop was a broad-leaf (P < 0.05). Our findings showed that R. solani AG8 concentrations were consistent with the general distribution of bare patch symptoms, based on field observations and surveys of other pathogens, but was present at many sites in which bare patch symptoms were not evident. Management of Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch should account for the likelihood that each pathogen is affected by a unique group of agroecological variables. C1 [Okubara, Patricia A.; Paulitz, Timothy C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Okubara, Patricia A.; Paulitz, Timothy C.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Schroeder, Kurtis L.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Abatzoglou, John T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Okubara, PA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Root Dis Unit, POB 6430, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM patricia.okubara@ars.usda.gov OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803; Abatzoglou, John/0000-0001-7599-9750 FU Washington Grain Commission [3019-3019-4564, 3019-3564]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Project [5248-22000-012-00D]; USDA NIFA Regional Approaches to Climate Change (REACCH) FX This work was funded by grants 3019-3019-4564 (P. A. Okubara) and 3019-3564 (P. A. Okubara and T. C. Paulitz) from the Washington Grain Commission, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Project Number 5248-22000-012-00D (P. A. Okubara and T. C. Paulitz), and USDA NIFA Regional Approaches to Climate Change (REACCH). We thank A.-M. Fortuna and B. Landa for training in SAS, D. Poudyal-Sharma for help with JMP, J. Parejko for guidance on the use of Arc Map, J. Burns and his group for access to WSU Variety Testing sites, N. Walter for assistance with soil extractions, and 11 Washington state grower-cooperators for the use of their parcels. References to a company or product by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) are only for the purposes of information and do not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 BP 683 EP 691 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-13-0269-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ7AQ UT WOS:000337849800002 PM 24915426 ER PT J AU Bilodeau, GJ Martin, FN Coffey, MD Blomquist, CL AF Bilodeau, Guillaume J. Martin, Frank N. Coffey, Michael D. Blomquist, Cheryl L. TI Development of a Multiplex Assay for Genus- and Species-Specific Detection of Phytophthora Based on Differences in Mitochondrial Gene Order SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE real-time PCR ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; REAL-TIME PCR; SP-NOV; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; GENOME SEQUENCES; CAUSAL AGENT; RAMORUM; CITRICOLA; IDENTIFICATION AB A molecular diagnostic assay for Phytophthora spp. that is specific, sensitive, has both genus- and species-specific detection capabilities multiplexed, and can be used to systematically develop markers for detection of a wide range of species would facilitate research and regulatory efforts. To address this need, a marker system was developed based on the high copy sequences of the mitochondrial DNA utilizing gene orders that were highly conserved in the genus Phytophthora but different in the related genus Pythium and plants to reduce the importance of highly controlled annealing temperatures for specificity. An amplification primer pair designed from conserved regions of the atp9 and nad9 genes produced an amplicon of approximate to 340 bp specific for the Phytophthora spp. tested. The TaqMan probe for the genus-specific Phytophthora test was designed from a conserved portion of the atp9 gene whereas variable intergenic spacer sequences were used for designing the species-specific TaqMan probes. Specific probes were developed for 13 species and the P. citricola species complex. In silico analysis suggests that species-specific probes could be developed for at least 70 additional described and provisional species; the use of locked nucleic acids in TaqMan probes should expand this list. A second locus spanning three tRNAs (trnM-trnP-trnM) was also evaluated for genus-specific detection capabilities. At 206 bp, it was not as useful for systematic development of a broad range of species-specific probes as the larger 340-bp amplicon. All markers were validated against a test panel that included 87 Phytophthora spp., 14 provisional Phytophthora spp., 29 Pythium spp., 1 Phytopythium sp., and 39 plant species. Species-specific probes were validated further against a range of geographically diverse isolates to ensure uniformity of detection at an intraspecific level, as well as with other species having high levels of sequence similarity to ensure specificity. Both diagnostic assays were also validated against 130 environmental samples from a range of hosts. The only limitation observed was that primers for the 340 bp atp9-nad9 locus did not amplify Phytophthora bisheria or P. frigida. The identification of species present in a sample can be determined without the need for culturing by sequencing the genus-specific amplicon and comparing that with a reference sequence database of known Phytophthora spp. C1 [Bilodeau, Guillaume J.; Martin, Frank N.] USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [Coffey, Michael D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Blomquist, Cheryl L.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Branch, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Martin, FN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM frank.martin@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2007-55605-17835]; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Sudden Oak Death-Phytophthora ramorum Research Program FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant number 2007-55605-17835 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture and the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Sudden Oak Death-Phytophthora ramorum Research Program Fiscal Year 2010 funds. We thank N. Grunwald (USDA Agricultural Research Service [ARS], Corvallis, OR), J. Gigot (Washington State University), and V. Fieland (Oregon State University) for providing DNA for P rubi assay; all the team from Dr. Martin lab's, USDA-ARS, Salinas, CA; and J. Tomlinson, FERA, UK, for providing P. kernoviae- and P. ramorum-infected plant DNA for validation of the P. kernoviae assay. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 30 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 BP 733 EP 748 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-09-13-0263-R PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ7AQ UT WOS:000337849800007 PM 24915428 ER PT J AU Li, JB Lu, L Jia, YL Li, CY AF Li, Jinbin Lu, Lin Jia, Yulin Li, Chengyun TI Effectiveness and Durability of the Rice Pi-ta Gene in Yunnan Province of China SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE effector ID BLAST RESISTANCE GENE; FUNGUS MAGNAPORTHE-GRISEA; AVIRULENCE GENE; ORYZAE; IDENTIFICATION; ORGANIZATION; SPECIFICITY; EVOLUTION; AVR1-CO39; IMMUNITY AB Rice blast is one of the most damaging diseases of rice worldwide. In the present study, we analyzed DNA sequence variation of avirulence (AVR) genes of AVR-Pita1 in field isolates of Magnaporthe oryzae in order to understand the effectiveness of the resistance gene Pi-ta in China. Genomic DNA of 366 isolates of M. oryzae collected from Yunnan province of China were used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification to examine the existence of AVR-Pita1 using gene-specific PCR markers. Results of PCR products revealed that 218 isolates of M. oryzae carry AVR-Pita1. Among of them, 62.5, 56.3, 58.5, 46.7, 72.4, and 57.4% of M. oryzae carry AVR-Pita1 from northeastern, southeast, western, northwest, southwestern, and central Yunnan province, respectively. The detection rate of AVR-Pita1 was, in order: southwestern > northeastern > western > central > southeastern > northwestern Yunnan province. Moreover, in total, 18 AVR-Pita1 haplotypes encoding 13 novel AVR-Pita1 variants were identified among 60 isolates. Most DNA sequence variation was found to occur in the exon region, resulting in amino acid substitution. Six virulent haplotypes of AVR-Pita1 to Pita were identified among 60 field isolates. The AVR-Pita1 has evolved to virulence from avirulent origins via base substitution. These findings demonstrate that AVR-Pita1 is under positive selection and mutations of AVR-Pita1 are responsible for defeating race-specific resistance in nature. C1 [Li, Jinbin] Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Agr Environm & Resources Res Inst, Kunming 650205, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Lu, Lin] Yunnan Acad Agr Sci, Flower Res Inst, Kunming 650205, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Jia, Yulin] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR USA. [Li, Chengyun] Yunnan Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Agr Biodivers & Pest Management, Kunming 650201, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Yunnan Agr Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Agr Biodivers & Pest Management, Kunming 650201, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. EM Yulin.Jia@ars.usda.gov; li.chengyun@gmail.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31160355] FX This manuscript was selected as a feature article through the APS-CSPP Cooperative Agreement. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31160355). We thank T. Bianco and M. Lin of the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center for excellent technical assistance; Z. Cheng of Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences; and Y. Guo of Yunnan Agricultural University for useful discussions. The United States Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUL PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 BP 762 EP 768 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-13-0302-R PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ7AQ UT WOS:000337849800009 PM 24450460 ER PT J AU Saffell, BJ Meinzer, FC Voelker, SL Shaw, DC Brooks, JR Lachenbruch, B McKay, J AF Saffell, Brandy J. Meinzer, Frederick C. Voelker, Steven L. Shaw, David C. Brooks, J. Renee Lachenbruch, Barbara McKay, Jennifer TI Tree-ring stable isotopes record the impact of a foliar fungal pathogen on CO2 assimilation and growth in Douglas-fir SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii; Pseudotsuga menziesii; stable isotopes; Swiss needle cast; tree-rings ID SWISS NEEDLE CAST; LEAF WATER; PHAEOCRYPTOPUS-GAEUMANNII; NONSTEADY STATE; COASTAL OREGON; CARBON; OXYGEN; LEAVES; PLANTS; DISCRIMINATION AB Swiss needle cast (SNC) is a fungal disease of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) that has recently become prevalent in coastal areas of the Pacific Northwest. We used growth measurements and stable isotopes of carbon and oxygen in tree-rings of Douglas-fir and a non-susceptible reference species (western hemlock, Tsuga heterophylla) to evaluate their use as proxies for variation in past SNC infection, particularly in relation to potential explanatory climate factors. We sampled trees from an Oregon site where a fungicide trial took place from 1996 to 2000, which enabled the comparison of stable isotope values between trees with and without disease. Carbon stable isotope discrimination (Delta C-13) of treated Douglas-fir tree-rings was greater than that of untreated Douglas-fir tree-rings during the fungicide treatment period. Both annual growth and tree-ring Delta C-13 increased with treatment such that treated Douglas-fir had values similar to co-occurring western hemlock during the treatment period. There was no difference in the tree-ring oxygen stable isotope ratio between treated and untreated Douglas-fir. Tree-ring Delta C-13 of diseased Douglas-fir was negatively correlated with relative humidity during the two previous summers, consistent with increased leaf colonization by SNC under high humidity conditions that leads to greater disease severity in following years. C1 [Saffell, Brandy J.; Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Voelker, Steven L.] Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Shaw, David C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effect Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [McKay, Jennifer] Oregon State Univ, Dept Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Meinzer, FC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rick.meinzer@oregonstate.edu RI Voelker, Steven/O-2909-2014; OI Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774 FU NSF [DEB-073882]; Swiss Needle Cast Cooperative FX This research was supported in part by NSF grant DEB-073882 and a grant from the Swiss Needle Cast Cooperative. We thank Alan Kanaskie of ODF for site access, and Danielle Marias, Joshua Petitmermet, Ben Roberts-Pierel, Holly Kearns, Kristen Falk and Regina Kurapova for their invaluable work in the field and lab. We also thank J. Johnstone for access to coastal Oregon fog data. This paper has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1536 EP 1547 DI 10.1111/pce.12256 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ3CX UT WOS:000337544200005 PM 24330052 ER PT J AU Allard, S Enurah, A Strain, E Millner, P Rideout, SL Brown, EW Zheng, J AF Allard, Sarah Enurah, Alexander Strain, Errol Millner, Patricia Rideout, Steven L. Brown, Eric W. Zheng, Jie TI In Situ Evaluation of Paenibacillus alvei in Reducing Carriage of Salmonella enterica Serovar Newport on Whole Tomato Plants SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOCONTROL AGENTS; UNITED-STATES; INACTIVATION; BACTERIA; GROWTH; BACTERIOPHAGES; COLONIZATION; ENTEROBACTER; COMPONENTS; OUTBREAKS AB Recently, tomatoes have been implicated as a primary vehicle in food-borne outbreaks of Salmonella enterica serovar Newport and other Salmonella serovars. Long-term intervention measures to reduce Salmonella prevalence on tomatoes remain elusive for growing and postharvest environments. A naturally occurring bacterium identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Paenibacillus alvei was isolated epiphytically from plants native to the Virginia Eastern Shore tomato-growing region. After initial antimicrobial activity screening against Salmonella and 10 other bacterial pathogens associated with the human food supply, strain TS-15 was further used to challenge an attenuated strain of S. Newport on inoculated fruits, leaves, and blossoms of tomato plants in an insect-screened high tunnel with a split-plot design. Survival of Salmonella after inoculation was measured for groups with and those without the antagonist at days 0, 1, 2, and 3 and either day 5 for blossoms or day 6 for fruits and leaves. Strain TS-15 exhibited broad-range antimicrobial activity against both major food-borne pathogens and major bacterial phytopathogens of tomato. After P. alvei strain TS-15 was applied onto the fruits, leaves, and blossoms of tomato plants, the concentration of S. Newport declined significantly (P <= 0.05) compared with controls. Astonishingly,>90% of the plants had no detectable levels of Salmonella by day 5 for blossoms. The naturally occurring antagonist strain TS-15 is highly effective in reducing the carriage of Salmonella Newport on whole tomato plants. The application of P. alvei strain TS-15 is a promising approach for reducing the risk of Salmonella contamination during tomato production. C1 [Allard, Sarah; Enurah, Alexander; Strain, Errol; Brown, Eric W.; Zheng, Jie] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Allard, Sarah] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Millner, Patricia] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Rideout, Steven L.] Virginia Tech, Eastern Shore Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Painter, VA USA. RP Zheng, J (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM jie.zheng@fda.hhs.gov NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 80 IS 13 BP 3842 EP 3849 DI 10.1128/AEM.00835-14 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AI9GR UT WOS:000337241400008 PM 24747888 ER PT J AU Tobin, PC Gray, DR Liebhold, AM AF Tobin, Patrick C. Gray, David R. Liebhold, Andrew M. TI Supraoptimal temperatures influence the range dynamics of a non-native insect SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Biological invasions; climate change; gypsy moth; Lymantria dispar; range dynamics; supraoptimal temperature ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; LYMANTRIA-DISPAR LEPIDOPTERA; ARCTIC BIRCH FOREST; 2 SPATIAL PROCESSES; LIFE STAGE MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPECIES BORDERS; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; POSTDIAPAUSE DEVELOPMENT AB Aim To examine the relationship between the range dynamics of the non-native species Lymantria dispar (L.) and supraoptimal temperatures during its larval and pupal period. Location West Virginia and Virginia, United States, North America. Methods We linked the annual frequency of supraoptimal temperatures during the larval and pupal period of L. dispar with annual changes in its range dynamics based upon a spatially robust 20-year dataset. Correlation analyses were used to estimate the association between exposure time above the optimal temperature for L. dispar larval and pupal development, and the rate of invasion spread when adjusted for spatial autocorrelation. Results We documented L. dispar range expansion, stasis, and retraction across a fairly narrow latitudinal region. We also observed differences in the amount of exposure above the optimal temperature for L. dispar larval and pupal development across this region. Temperature regimes in the Coastal Plain and Piedmont regions of Virginia, where the L. dispar range has retracted or remained static, were warmer than those in the Appalachian Mountains of Virginia and West Virginia, where L. dispar has expanded its range. Our analyses at a smaller spatial scale confirmed a statistically negative association between exposure time above the optimal temperature for L. dispar larvae and pupae, and the rate of L. dispar invasion spread over the 20-year period. Main conclusions The shifting, expansion and retraction of species distributional ranges holds critical implications to both invasion ecology and conservation biology. This work provides novel empirical evidence of the importance of supraoptimal temperatures on the range dynamics of a non-native invasive insect with application to both non-native and native species whose physiological processes are strongly regulated by temperature. C1 [Tobin, Patrick C.; Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Gray, David R.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Atlantic Forestry Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 5P7, Canada. RP Tobin, PC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ptobin@fs.fed.us NR 98 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 813 EP 823 DI 10.1111/ddi.12197 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AJ3UK UT WOS:000337593000007 ER PT J AU Siegert, NW McCullough, DG Liebhold, AM Telewski, FW AF Siegert, Nathan W. McCullough, Deborah G. Liebhold, Andrew M. Telewski, Frank W. TI Dendrochronological reconstruction of the epicentre and early spread of emerald ash borer in North America SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; biological invasions; dendroentomology; epicentre; invasive forest pest; stratified dispersal ID AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAKS; UNITED-STATES; BUPRESTIDAE POPULATIONS; BIOTIC INVASIONS; OUTLIER SITES; ALIEN INSECT; URBAN FOREST; MANAGEMENT; DISPERSAL AB Aim Emerald ash borer Agrilus planipennis was identified in 2002 as the cause of extensive ash (Fraxinus spp.) decline and mortality in Detroit, Michigan, and has since killed millions of ash trees in the US and Canada. When discovered, it was not clear how long it had been present or at what location the invading colony started. We used dendrochronological methods to document the onset and progression of ash mortality and the spatio-temporal dynamics of the invasion. Reconstructing the progression of ash mortality serves as a proxy to draw inferences about the colonization and spread of emerald ash borer in North America. Location Southeastern Michigan, USA. Methods We collected increment cores from dead, declining or non-symptomatic ash trees on a systematic 4.8 x 4.8 or 2.4 x 2.4 km grid in 2004-2006. Geo-referenced samples were cross-dated to determine the earliest date emerald ash borer-killed trees in each location. Interpolated dates of ash mortality were analysed to determine rates and patterns of emerald ash borer spread across the 1.5 million ha study area. Results We identified a location in southeastern Michigan where ash trees were killed by emerald ash borer as early as 1997. Rates of ash mortality subsequently progressed at 3.84 km year(-1) from 1998 to 2001 and then increased to 12.97 km year(-1) from 2001 to 2003 as satellite colonies coalesced with the primary infestation. From 1998 to 2003, new satellites formed at a rate of 7.4 per year, with average jump distances of 24.5 km. Main conclusions Emerald ash borer was likely established in southeastern Michigan by at least the early to mid-1990s. Anthropogenic-aided stratified dispersal and the coalescence of satellite colonies with the primary population resulted in biphasic range expansion, rapidly expanding the footprint of the invasion. Our reconstruction of the emerald ash borer invasion demonstrates this invaders' remarkable capacity for population growth and spread. C1 [Siegert, Nathan W.; McCullough, Deborah G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Siegert, Nathan W.; McCullough, Deborah G.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Telewski, Frank W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Siegert, NW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, 243 Nat Sci Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM nwsiegert@fs.fed.us RI Telewski, Frank/I-6842-2016 OI Telewski, Frank/0000-0001-7957-9841 FU US Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection FX We thank Rachel Disipio, Michael Tacey and Andrew Tluczek, all of Michigan State University, for their assistance in the field throughout southeastern Michigan. We further acknowledge Christopher Baisan, Ellis Margolis and Thomas Swetnam, at the Laboratory of Tree Ring Research at the University of Arizona, for their advice and expertise regarding cross-dating procedures and interpretation. Funding for this research was provided by a grant to DGM from the US Forest Service, Northeastern Area State and Private Forestry, Forest Health Protection. NR 90 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 11 U2 80 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 847 EP 858 DI 10.1111/ddi.12212 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AJ3UK UT WOS:000337593000010 ER PT J AU Klick, J Lee, JC Hagler, JR Bruck, DJ Yang, WQ AF Klick, Jimmy Lee, Jana C. Hagler, James R. Bruck, Denny J. Yang, Wei Q. TI Evaluating Drosophila suzukii immunomarking for mark-capture research SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE spotted wing drosophila; Rubus armeniacus; ELISA; insect dispersal; protein marking; Diptera; Drosophilidae ID SPOTTED-WING DROSOPHILA; UNITED-STATES; DISPERSAL; MOVEMENT; FIELD; STRAWBERRIES; INFESTATION; LEPIDOPTERA; POPULATIONS; ARTHROPODS AB Drosophila suzukiiMatsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) utilizes Himalaya' blackberry, Rubus armeniacusFocke (Rosaceae), as a host and may invade berry and stone fruit crops from field margins containing this invasive weed. Laboratory and semi-field studies were conducted to determine (1) the persistence of protein marks including 10% chicken egg whites (egg albumin protein), 20% bovine milk (milk casein protein), and 20% soy milk (soy trypsin inhibitor protein) on topically sprayed D.suzukii, (2) protein retention on blackberry leaves, and (3) D.suzukii acquisition of protein after exposure to marked blackberry leaves for up to 14days after application. All flies and leaves were assayed for the presence of the protein marks using protein-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Egg albumin, milk casein, and soy trypsin proteins persisted on 94, 49, and 25% of the topically marked D.suzukii, respectively, throughout the 14-day study period. Egg albumin was retained on 100% of treated leaves for 14days, regardless of environmental conditions. At least 50% of flies exposed residually to egg albumin-treated leaves were marked for 3days, regardless of exposure time and environmental conditions. However, increasing fly exposure time to treated leaves in April and June appeared to improve protein mark acquisition. Acquisition of protein by flies from treated leaves for milk casein was inconsistent, and poor for soy trypsin, despite detectable levels on treated leaves. Egg albumin had the longest and most consistent persistence on flies, leaves, and flies exposed to leaves in laboratory and semi-field studies, under a variety of environmental conditions and exposure times. C1 [Klick, Jimmy] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Klick, Jimmy; Lee, Jana C.; Bruck, Denny J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Hagler, James R.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Yang, Wei Q.] Oregon State Univ, North Willamette Res & Extens Ctr, Aurora, OR 97002 USA. RP Klick, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, 4105 Agr & Life Sci Bldg, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM klickj@hort.oregonstate.edu FU Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation, USDA SCRI [2010-51181-21167, USDA CRIS 5358-22000-037-00D] FX We are grateful for the technical support of Amelia Thornhill, Scott Shane, Bevely Thomas, Kelly Donahue, Adam Cave, Amanda Lake, and Scott Machtley. Thanks to Walter Mahaffee for sharing weather data. We acknowledge Bruce Mackey and Danielle Lightle for assistance with statistical analysis. We appreciate manuscript reviews by Vaughn Walton and Amy Dreves. Thanks to Vaughn Walton for travel funds to Arizona and California for laboratory procedure training and a visual design workshop, respectively. Funding was provided by Oregon State University Agricultural Research Foundation, USDA SCRI Grant 2010-51181-21167, and USDA CRIS 5358-22000-037-00D. Mention of proprietary or brand names are necessary to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA implies no approval to the exclusion of others that also may be suitable. This article is in the public domain and not copy-rightable. It may be freely reprinted with customary crediting of source. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 152 IS 1 BP 31 EP 41 DI 10.1111/eea.12197 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ4EU UT WOS:000337625500004 ER PT J AU Karau, EC Sikkink, PG Keane, RE Dillon, GK AF Karau, Eva C. Sikkink, Pamela G. Keane, Robert E. Dillon, Gregory K. TI Integrating Satellite Imagery with Simulation Modeling to Improve Burn Severity Mapping SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Burn severity mapping; Fire effects; Modeling; RdNBR ID FIRE SEVERITY; SIERRA-NEVADA; FUEL CLASSIFICATION; FOREST; USA; CALIFORNIA; MOUNTAINS; LANDFIRE; RATIO; VEGETATION AB Both satellite imagery and spatial fire effects models are valuable tools for generating burn severity maps that are useful to fire scientists and resource managers. The purpose of this study was to test a new mapping approach that integrates imagery and modeling to create more accurate burn severity maps. We developed and assessed a statistical model that combines the Relative differenced Normalized Burn Ratio, a satellite image-based change detection procedure commonly used to map burn severity, with output from the Fire Hazard and Risk Model, a simulation model that estimates fire effects at a landscape scale. Using 285 Composite Burn Index (CBI) plots in Washington and Montana as ground reference, we found that an integrated model explained more variability in CBI (R (2) = 0.47) and had lower mean squared error (MSE = 0.28) than image (R (2) = 0.42 and MSE = 0.30) or simulation-based models (R (2) = 0.07 and MSE = 0.49) alone. Overall map accuracy was also highest for maps created with the Integrated Model (63 %). We suspect that Simulation Model performance would greatly improve with higher quality and more accurate spatial input data. Results of this study indicate the potential benefit of combining satellite image-based methods with a fire effects simulation model to create improved burn severity maps. C1 [Karau, Eva C.; Sikkink, Pamela G.; Keane, Robert E.; Dillon, Gregory K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Karau, EC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Hwy 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM ekarau@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [09-1-07-4]; Rocky Mountain Research Station Fire Modeling Institute FX This research was supported in part by the Joint Fire Sciences Program (Project 09-1-07-4), and by the Rocky Mountain Research Station Fire Modeling Institute. We would like to thank the following people: Jason Herynk, Signe Leirfallom, Aaron Sparks, Brian Izbicki, Christy Lowney, Amy Olson, Stacy Drury, Susan Prichard, Alina Cansler, Karen Kopper, Tony Guay, Faith Ann Heinsch and L. Scott Baggett. We also thank the editors and three anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the manuscript. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 54 IS 1 BP 98 EP 111 DI 10.1007/s00267-014-0279-x PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI9UP UT WOS:000337285900009 PM 24817334 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP Adeli, A AF McLaughlin, M. R. Brooks, J. P. Adeli, A. TI A new sampler for stratified lagoon chemical and microbiological assessments SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; Lagoon; Microbes; Nutrients; Remote control sampler; Water ID SWINE MANURE; NITROUS-OXIDE; WATER; NUTRIENTS; EMISSIONS; EFFLUENT; SALMONELLA; DINITROGEN; BACTERIA; AMMONIA AB A sampler was needed for a spatial and temporal study of microbial and chemical stratification in a large swine manure lagoon that was known to contain zoonotic bacteria. Conventional samplers were limited to collections of surface water samples near the bank or required a manned boat. A new sampler was developed to allow simultaneous collection of multiple samples at different depths, up to 2.3 m, without a manned boat. The sampler was tethered for stability, used remote control (RC) for sample collection, and accommodated rapid replacement of sterile tubing modules and sample containers. The sampler comprised a PVC pontoon with acrylic deck and watertight enclosures, for a 12 VDC gearmotor, to operate the collection module, and vacuum system, to draw samples into reusable autoclavable tubing and 250-mL bottles. Although designed primarily for water samples, the sampler was easily modified to collect sludge. The sampler held a stable position during deployment, created minimal disturbance in the water column, and was readily cleaned and sanitized for transport. The sampler was field tested initially in a shallow fresh water lake and subsequently in a swine manure treatment lagoon. Analyses of water samples from the lagoon tests showed that chemical and bacterial levels, pH, and EC did not differ between 0.04, 0.47, and 1.0 m depths, but some chemical and bacterial levels differed between winter and spring collections. These results demonstrated the utility of the sampler and suggested that future manure lagoon studies employ fewer or different depths and more sampling dates. C1 [McLaughlin, M. R.; Brooks, J. P.; Adeli, A.] ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 186 IS 7 BP 4097 EP 4110 DI 10.1007/s10661-014-3683-z PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7AC UT WOS:000337030000011 PM 24549945 ER PT J AU Kondo, MC Mizes, C Lee, J Burstyn, I AF Kondo, Michelle C. Mizes, Chris Lee, John Burstyn, Igor TI Black carbon concentrations in a goods-movement neighborhood of Philadelphia, PA SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Black carbon; Air pollution; Participatory methods; Goods movement; Port ID AIR-POLLUTION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; MAJOR HIGHWAY; CHILDREN; AETHALOMETER; ASSOCIATION; INFECTIONS; SYMPTOMS; QUALITY AB Communities along the Delaware River in Philadelphia, USA such as Port Richmond, are subject to traffic associated with goods movement to and from port facilities and local industry. Air pollution associated with this traffic poses an environmental health concern in this and other urban areas. Our study measures black carbon (BC) in Port Richmond and examines its relationship to expected sources such as truck traffic. We used a participatory sampling method to conduct 1-min measurements over 8-hour periods at 14 homes, a school and park, during a 4-week period in June 2012. Measurements over 9 sampling days had a 30-min average BC concentration of 1.2 mu g m(-3), and a maximum of 12 mu g m(-3). Statistical analyses showed some effect of traffic, but greater association between BC concentrations and weather and time of day. BC concentrations varied more by location than by day, and distance to traffic arterials and interstate freeway was a predictor of this variance. While our dataset is limited by number and variety of observations, major findings indicate that BC concentration varies more by location than by day, there is a decrease in median BC concentration with increased distance from an interstate highway, and an expected effect of diesel traffic on average daily BC concentrations. Our findings are an important step towards understanding patterns and determinants of BC concentration in communities colocated with major ports. Our study also demonstrates that participatory methods in air pollution monitoring can help increase awareness of local air pollution levels. C1 [Kondo, Michelle C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Kondo, Michelle C.] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Perelman Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Mizes, Chris; Lee, John] Clean Air Council, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kondo, MC (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Perelman Sch Med, 423 Guardian Dr,937 Blockley Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM mkondo@mail.med.upenn.edu OI Kondo, Michelle/0000-0001-9152-1589 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency; Penn Genome Frontiers Institute; Pennsylvania Department of Health; National Institutes of Health [R01AA020331]; United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service FX We would like to thank the Port Richmond community for partnering with us on this research endeavor. This research would not have been possible without the assistance of Peter DeCarlo and Michael Waring at Drexel University, Kyle Thompson at Missouri Science and Technology, Kathleen Ward Brown, and willingness to share instrumentation from Jon Levy at Boston University. This research has been made possible through funding by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (CARE 2 and Environmental Justice Small Grant to Clean Air Council), the Penn Genome Frontiers Institute, and a grant with the Pennsylvania Department of Health (Kondo). The Department of Health specifically disclaims responsibility for any analyses, interpretations, or conclusions. This work was also supported by the National Institutes of Health (grant R01AA020331; C. Branas), and unnamed funding from the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. The National Institutes of Health and USDA had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 EI 1573-2959 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 186 IS 7 BP 4605 EP 4618 DI 10.1007/s10661-014-3723-8 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7AC UT WOS:000337030000051 PM 24668123 ER PT J AU Zhang, JF Percy, RG McCarty, JC AF Zhang, Jinfa Percy, Richard G. McCarty, Jack C., Jr. TI Introgression genetics and breeding between Upland and Pima cotton: a review SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Review DE Upland cotton; Pima cotton; Introgression breeding; Genetics ID CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES; GOSSYPIUM-BARBADENSE L.; FIBER QUALITY TRAITS; INTERSPECIFIC CROSSES; VERTICILLIUM WILT; HIRSUTUM L; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; CULTIVARS; POPULATION; REGISTRATION AB The narrow genetic base of elite Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm has been a significant impediment to sustained progress in the development of cotton cultivars to meet the needs of growers and industry in recent years. The prospect of widening the genetic base of Upland cotton by accessing the genetic diversity and fiber quality of Pima cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.) has encouraged interspecific hybridization and introgression efforts for the past century. However, success is limited due mainly to genetic barriers between the two species in the forms of divergent gene regulatory systems, accumulated gene mutations, gene order rearrangements and cryptic chromosomal structure differences that have resulted in hybrid breakdown, hybrid sterility and selective elimination of genes. The objective of this paper is to provide a mini-review in interspecific hybridization between Upland and Pima cotton relevant to breeding under the following sections: (1) qualitative genetics; (2) cytogenetic stocks; (3) quantitative genetics; (4) heterosis, and (5) introgression breeding. Case studies of successful examples are provided. C1 [Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Percy, Richard G.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [McCarty, Jack C., Jr.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu NR 93 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2014 VL 198 IS 1 BP 1 EP 12 DI 10.1007/s10681-014-1094-4 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AI6LN UT WOS:000336986200001 ER PT J AU Zhang, JF Idowu, OJ Flynn, R Wedegaertner, T Hughs, SE AF Zhang, Jinfa Idowu, Omololu J. Flynn, Robert Wedegaertner, Tom Hughs, S. Ed. TI Genetic variation and selection within glandless cotton germplasm SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Glandless; Pedigree selection; Yield; Fiber quality ID REGISTRATION; LINES AB There is a renewed interest in research and use of glandless (free of gossypol) Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) that can produce edible seeds for human food and animal feed. However, there was a lack of information on yield potential of existing glandless germplasm since intermittent breeding activities for glandless cotton were stopped in the U.S. before 2000. The objectives of the present study were to test obsolete and exotic glandless germplasm for possible production and evaluate progress in direct pedigree selection within the existing glandless germplasm in eight field tests. In multiple tests, the glandless cotton Acala GLS yielded only 65-80 % lint of the glanded control Acala 1517-08 and 46-75 % lint of commercial transgenic cultivars. Most of obsolete glandless germplasm and their selections yielded < 70 % of Acala 1517-08 and only three selections yielded 82-89 % of the control. Genetic variation in yield and fiber quality traits was seen from significant differences between selections within the same glandless germplasm, indicating the existence of residual genetic variation. Most importantly, three selections from exotic glandless germplasm out-yielded Acala 1517-08 by 4-9 %, one of which had desirable fiber quality traits. These promising glandless lines with comparable yields to commercial cotton make it possible to revitalize the glandless cotton industry. More field tests will be needed to evaluate their yield potential and adaptability in the U.S. Cotton Belt. C1 [Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Idowu, Omololu J.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Extens Plant Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Flynn, Robert] New Mexico State Univ, Artesia Agr Sci Ctr, Artesia, NM USA. [Wedegaertner, Tom] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Hughs, S. Ed.] USDA ARS, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research has been supported in part by USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated and New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2014 VL 198 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1007/s10681-014-1083-7 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AI6LN UT WOS:000336986200005 ER PT J AU An, P Straka, RJ Pollin, TI Feitosa, MF Wojczynski, MK Daw, EW O'Connell, JR Gibson, Q Ryan, KA Hopkins, PN Tsai, MY Lai, CQ Province, MA Ordovas, JM Shuldiner, AR Arnett, DK Borecki, IB AF An, Ping Straka, Robert J. Pollin, Toni I. Feitosa, Mary F. Wojczynski, Mary K. Daw, E. Warwick O'Connell, Jeffrey R. Gibson, Quince Ryan, Kathleen A. Hopkins, Paul N. Tsai, Michael Y. Lai, Chao-Qiang Province, Michael A. Ordovas, Jose M. Shuldiner, Alan R. Arnett, Donna K. Borecki, Ingrid B. TI Genome-wide association studies identified novel loci for non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its postprandial lipemic response SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN ANABAPTIST GENEALOGY; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; STUDY 100K PROJECT; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; ADIPONECTIN; PHENOTYPES; RISK; GENE; APOLIPOPROTEIN AB Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(NHDL) is an independent and superior predictor of CVD risk as compared to low-density lipoprotein alone. It represents a spectrum of atherogenic lipid fractions with possibly a distinct genomic signature. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify loci influencing baseline NHDL and its postprandial lipemic (PPL) response. We carried out GWAS in 4,241 participants of European descent. Our discovery cohort included 928 subjects from the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network Study. Our replication cohorts included 3,313 subjects from the Heredity and Phenotype Intervention Heart Study and Family Heart Study. A linear mixed model using the kinship matrix was used for association tests. The best association signal was found in a tri-genic region at RHOQ-PIGF-CRIPT for baseline NHDL (lead SNP rs6544903, discovery p = 7e-7, MAF = 2 %; validation p = 6e-4 at 0.1 kb upstream neighboring SNP rs3768725, and 5e-4 at 0.7 kb downstream neighboring SNP rs6733143, MAF = 10 %). The lead and neighboring SNPs were not perfect surrogate proxies to each other (D' = 1, r (2) = 0.003) but they seemed to be partially dependent (likelihood ration test p = 0.04). Other suggestive loci (discovery p < 1e-6) included LOC100419812 and LOC100288337 for baseline NHDL, and LOC100420502 and CDH13 for NHDL PPL response that were not replicated (p > 0.01). The current and first GWAS of NHDL yielded an interesting common variant in RHOQ-PIGF-CRIPT influencing baseline NHDL levels. Another common variant in CDH13 for NHDL response to dietary high-fat intake challenge was also suggested. Further validations for both loci from large independent studies, especially interventional studies, are warranted. C1 [An, Ping; Feitosa, Mary F.; Wojczynski, Mary K.; Daw, E. Warwick; Province, Michael A.; Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. [Straka, Robert J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Expt & Clin Pharmacol, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Pollin, Toni I.; O'Connell, Jeffrey R.; Gibson, Quince; Ryan, Kathleen A.; Shuldiner, Alan R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Lai, Chao-Qiang; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Cardiovasc Epidemiol & Populat Genet, Madrid, Spain. [Shuldiner, Alan R.] Baltimore Vet Adm Med Ctr, Geriatr Res & Educ Clin Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP An, P (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, Campus Box 8506,4444 Forest Pk Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108 USA. EM anping@wustl.edu; strak001@umn.edu RI Feitosa, Mary/K-8044-2012 OI Feitosa, Mary/0000-0002-0933-2410 FU NHLBI [U01 HL072524]; NIH from NHLBI [R01 HL087700, R01 HL088215]; NIH from NIDDK [R01 DK8925601, R01 075681]; NIH [U01 HL072515, R01 HL104193, U01 HL084756]; Mid Atlantic Nutrition and Obesity Research Center [P30 DK072488] FX The authors thank the other investigators, the staff and the participants of the GOLDN Study, the HAPI Heart Study and the Family Heart Study. The GOLDN Study support was provided by the NHLBI grant U01 HL072524. The FamHS was supported by NIH Grants R01 HL087700 and R01 HL088215 (Michael A. Province, PI) from NHLBI, and R01 DK8925601 and R01 075681 (Ingrid B. Borecki, PI) from NIDDK. The investigators thank the GOLDN and FamHS participants and staff for their valuable contributions. The HAPI Heart Study was supported by NIH research Grants U01 HL072515, R01 HL104193, U01 HL084756 and the Mid Atlantic Nutrition and Obesity Research Center Grant P30 DK072488. We thank the staff at the Amish Research Clinic for their outstanding efforts and our Amish research volunteers for their long-standing partnership in research. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 EI 1432-1203 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 133 IS 7 BP 919 EP 930 DI 10.1007/s00439-014-1435-3 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AI7QD UT WOS:000337088600008 PM 24604477 ER PT J AU Fries, AC Nolting, JM Bowman, AS Killian, ML Wentworth, DE Slemons, RD AF Fries, Anthony C. Nolting, Jacqueline M. Bowman, Andrew S. Killian, Mary L. Wentworth, David E. Slemons, Richard D. TI Genomic analyses detect Eurasian-lineage H10 and additional H14 influenza A viruses recovered from waterfowl in the Central United States SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE H10 subtype; H14 subtype; influenza A virus; migratory birds; surveillance ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; EVOLUTION AB The accurate and timely characterization of influenza A viruses (IAV) from natural reservoirs is essential for responses to animal and public health threats. Differences between antigenic and genetic subtyping results for 161 IAV isolates recovered from migratory birds in the central United States during 2010-2011 delayed the recognition of four isolates of interest. Genomic sequencing identified the first reported Eurasian-origin H10 subtype in North America and three additional H14 isolates showing divergence from previously reported H14 isolates. Genomic analyses revealed additional diversity among IAV isolates not detected by antigenic subtyping and provided further insight into interhemispheric spread of avian-origin IAVs. C1 [Fries, Anthony C.; Nolting, Jacqueline M.; Bowman, Andrew S.; Slemons, Richard D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Fries, Anthony C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Killian, Mary L.] APHIS, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Wentworth, David E.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. RP Fries, AC (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, 1920 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM fries.41@osu.edu RI Bowman, Andrew/B-4321-2012; Nolting, Jacqueline/C-4464-2015; OI Bowman, Andrew/0000-0002-0738-8453; Wentworth, David/0000-0002-5190-980X FU Minnesota Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (MCEIRS); Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200 700007C]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200900007C] FX We would like to thank the waterfowl hunters who participated in this work and Chad Courtney for help in collecting samples. This work has been funded by the Minnesota Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (MCEIRS) with federal funds from the Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract number HHSN266200 700007C. This project was also funded by federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services under contract number HHSN272200900007C. The contents herein are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1111/irv.12250 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700014 PM 24698181 ER PT J AU Suarez, DL Chester, N Hatfield, J AF Suarez, David L. Chester, Nikki Hatfield, Jason TI Sequencing artifacts in the type A influenza databases and attempts to correct them SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE databases; errors; influenza; sequence AB Background There are over 276 000 influenza gene sequences in public databases, with the quality of the sequences determined by the contributor. Objective As part of a high school class project, influenza sequences with possible errors were identified in the public databases based on the size of the gene being longer than expected, with the hypothesis that these sequences would have an error. Students contacted sequence submitters alerting them of the possible sequence issue(s) and requested they the suspect sequence(s) be correct as appropriate. Methods Type A influenza viruses were screened, and gene segments longer than the accepted size were identified for further analysis. Attention was placed on sequences with additional nucleotides upstream or downstream of the highly conserved non-coding ends of the viral segments. Results and Conclusions A total of 1081 sequences were identified that met this criterion. Three types of errors were commonly observed: non-influenza primer sequence wasn't removed from the sequence; PCR product was cloned and plasmid sequence was included in the sequence; and Taq polymerase added an adenine at the end of the PCR product. Internal insertions of nucleotide sequence were also commonly observed, but in many cases it was unclear if the sequence was correct or actually contained an error. A total of 215 sequences, or 22.8% of the suspect sequences, were corrected in the public databases in the first year of the student project. Unfortunately 138 additional sequences with possible errors were added to the databases in the second year. Additional awareness of the need for data integrity of sequences submitted to public databases is needed to fully reap the benefits of these large data sets. C1 [Suarez, David L.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Chester, Nikki; Hatfield, Jason] Acad Athens, Athens, GA USA. RP Suarez, DL (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM david.suarez@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS [6612-32000-063] FX We wish to thank the students from the 2011-2012 and 2012-2013 Athens Academy Evolutionary Genetics class for participating in this project, Jeremi Clemons, Mackinsey Cole, Katrina Dysart, Katherine Findley, Christopher Fernandez, Hailey Fohey, Hutton Fohey, Caitlin McCormack, Ivy Miller, Taylor Payne, Emily Pee, Obaid Rahman, Morgan Solomon, Samuel Suarez, Abby Woodard, Ann McKenzie Woodruff, Zoe Brewster, Walker Buchner, Katie Camp, Ava Gibson, Claire Grubb, Hannah Lupton, Annabelle Martin, Conley Messer, Maggie Petzelt, Danny Sullivan, and Matt Swan. This project was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 6612-32000-063. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 499 EP 505 DI 10.1111/irv.12239 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700015 PM 24512607 ER PT J AU Davis, JA Jackson, CR Fedorka-Cray, PJ Barrett, JB Brousse, JH Gustafson, J Kucher, M AF Davis, J. A. Jackson, C. R. Fedorka-Cray, P. J. Barrett, J. B. Brousse, J. H. Gustafson, J. Kucher, M. TI Carriage of methicillin-resistant staphylococci by healthy companion animals in the US SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial resistance; cats; dogs; Staphylococcus; veterinary ID MULTIPLEX PCR; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; AUREUS; PSEUDINTERMEDIUS; CATS; PREVALENCE; DOGS; PETS; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Antimicrobial-resistant staphylococci have been associated with wounded or ill companion animals, but little is known about the prevalence of resistant staphylococci among healthy animals. In this study, 276 healthy dogs and cats from veterinary clinics were tested for the presence of antimicrobial-resistant Staphylococcus spp. Isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility and the presence of select resistance genes, and typed using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were also characterized using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), spa typing and SCCmec typing. Approximately 5% (14/276) of the animals were positive by enrichment for five species of staphylococci [Staph.aureus (n=11), Staph.pseudintermedius (n=4), Staphylococcus sciuri (n=6), Staphylococcus simulans (n=1) and Staphylococcus warneri (n=1)]. Seventy-eight per cent (18/23) of staphylococci were resistant to oxacillin and also multidrug resistant (resistance to 2 antimicrobials). All Staph.aureus isolates were mecA+ and blaZ+, SCCmec type II, spa type t002, ST5 and clonal using PFGE. Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were SCCmec type IV or V, spa type t06 and ST170; two of the isolates were pvl+. These results suggest that healthy companion animals may be a reservoir of multidrug-resistant staphylococci, which may be transferred to owners and others who handle companion animals. C1 [Davis, J. A.; Jackson, C. R.; Fedorka-Cray, P. J.; Barrett, J. B.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Brousse, J. H.] Class City Cat & Dog Clin, Athens, GA USA. [Gustafson, J.] Hope Anim Med Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [Kucher, M.] Good Hands Vet Hosp, Athens, GA USA. RP Jackson, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM charlene.jackson@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 EI 1472-765X J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1111/lam.12254 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AJ3ZU UT WOS:000337609000001 PM 24730724 ER PT J AU Henkels, MD Kidarsa, TA Shaffer, BT Goebel, NC Burlinson, P Mavrodi, DV Bentley, MA Rangel, LI Davis, EW Thomashow, LS Zabriskie, TM Preston, GM Loper, JE AF Henkels, Marcella D. Kidarsa, Teresa A. Shaffer, Brenda T. Goebel, Neal C. Burlinson, Peter Mavrodi, Dmitri V. Bentley, Michael A. Rangel, Lorena I. Davis, Edward W., II Thomashow, Linda S. Zabriskie, T. Mark Preston, Gail M. Loper, Joyce E. TI Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5 Causes Discoloration and Pitting of Mushroom Caps Due to the Production of Antifungal Metabolites SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article ID BROWN BLOTCH DISEASE; LINE-INDUCING PRINCIPLE; CYCLIC LIPOPEPTIDE PRODUCTION; SIGMA-FACTOR SIGMA(S); SYRINGAE PV. TOMATO; ALL DECLINE SOILS; FLUORESCENS PF-5; AGARICUS-BISPORUS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; WHITE-LINE AB Bacteria in the diverse Pseudomonas fluorescens group include rhizosphere inhabitants known for their antifungal metabolite production and biological control of plant disease, such as Pseudomonas protegens Pf-5, and mushroom pathogens, such as Pseudomonas tolaasii. Here, we report that strain Pf-5 causes brown, sunken lesions on peeled caps of the button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) that resemble brown blotch symptoms caused by P. tolaasii. Strain Pf-5 produces six known antifungal metabolites under the control of the GacS/GacA signal transduction system. A gacA mutant produces none of these metabolites and did not cause lesions on mushroom caps. Mutants deficient in the biosynthesis of the antifungal metabolites 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and pyoluteorin caused less-severe symptoms than wild-type Pf-5 on peeled mushroom caps, whereas mutants deficient in the production of lipopeptide orfamide A caused similar symptoms to wild-type Pf-5. Purified pyoluteorin and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol mimicked the symptoms caused by Pf-5. Both compounds were isolated from mushroom tissue inoculated with Pf-5, providing direct evidence for their in situ production by the bacterium. Although the lipopeptide tolaasin is responsible for brown blotch of mushroom caused by P. tolaasii, P. protegens Pf-5 caused brown blotch-like symptoms on peeled mushroom caps through a lipopeptide-independent mechanism involving the production of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and pyoluteorin. C1 [Henkels, Marcella D.; Rangel, Lorena I.; Davis, Edward W., II; Loper, Joyce E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Henkels, Marcella D.; Kidarsa, Teresa A.; Shaffer, Brenda T.; Davis, Edward W., II; Loper, Joyce E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Goebel, Neal C.; Zabriskie, T. Mark] Oregon State Univ, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Burlinson, Peter; Bentley, Michael A.; Preston, Gail M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. [Mavrodi, Dmitri V.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Thomashow, Linda S.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Loper, JE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Joyce.Loper@ars.usda.gov OI Preston, Gail/0000-0003-3882-4438; Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2006-35319-17427, 2011-67019-30192]; Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development FX The assistance of C. Quecine, J. Lee, and A. Bixenstein in carrying out this research is gratefully acknowledged. We thank A. Horger for assistance with the design of primers for thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR, J. Clifford for determining DAPG production by selected strains of Pseudomonas species, H. Gross for the gift of purified orfamide A, and C. Keel for the gift of purified MAPG and DAPG. We also thank V. O. Stockwell for statistical analysis and for contributing valuable ideas and discussions to this work. This work was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2006-35319-17427 and 2011-67019-30192 from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture and by a fellowship to J. E. Loper from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. NR 97 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 EI 1943-7706 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 27 IS 7 BP 733 EP 746 DI 10.1094/MPMI-10-13-0311-R PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AI9FW UT WOS:000337238200012 PM 24742073 ER PT J AU Yang, Y Wang, YF Westerhoff, P Hristovski, K Jin, VL Johnson, MVV Arnold, JG AF Yang, Yu Wang, Yifei Westerhoff, Paul Hristovski, Kiril Jin, Virginia L. Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V. Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI Metal and nanoparticle occurrence in biosolid-amended soils SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Nanomaterials; Titanium; Metal profile; Soil ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; HEAVY-METALS; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; NANOSILVER IMPACT; ENVIRONMENT; SILVER; BIOAVAILABILITY; ACCUMULATION; BEHAVIOR AB Metals can accumulate in soils amended with biosolids in which metals have been concentrated during wastewater treatment. The goal of this study is to inspect agricultural sites with long-term biosolid application for a suite of regulated and unregulated metals, including some potentially present as commonly used engineered nanomaterials (ENMs). Sampling occurred in fields at a municipal and a privately operated biosolid recycling facilities in Texas. Depth profiles of various metals were developed for control soils without biosolid amendment and soils with different rates of biosolid application (6.6 to 74 dry tons per hectare per year) over 5 to 25 years. Regulated metals of known toxicity, including chromium, copper, cadmium, lead, and zinc, had higher concentrations in the upper layer of biosolid-amended soils (top 0-30 cm or 0-15 cm) than in control soils. The depth profiles of unregulated metals (antimony, hafnium, molybdenum, niobium, gold, silver, tantalum, tin, tungsten, and zirconium) indicate higher concentrations in the 0-30 cm soil increment than in the 70-100 cm soil increment, indicating low vertical mobility after entering the soils. Titanium-containing particles between 50 nm and 250 nm in diameter were identified in soil by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) coupled with energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. In conjunction with other studies, this research shows the potential for nanomaterials used in society that enter the sewer system to be removed at municipal biological wastewater treatment plants and accumulate in agricultural fields. The metal concentrations observed herein could be used as representative exposure levels for eco-toxicological studies in these soils. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Yu; Wang, Yifei; Westerhoff, Paul] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hristovski, Kiril] Arizona State Univ, Coll Technol & Innovat, Mesa, AZ 85212 USA. [Jin, Virginia L.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Arnold, Jeffrey G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Yang, Y (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM yu.yang2@asu.edu FU Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF); USEPA [RD831713, RD833322]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-35101-04440] FX This study was funded by the Water Environment Research Foundation (WERF) and USEPA (RD831713 and RD833322). Funding for sample collection at field sites was provided by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2008-35101-04440 to JGA from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the WERF, USEPA, and USDA. We thank Sungyun Lee and Xiangyu Bi for their help in the analysis of metal contents by ICP-MS. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 12 U2 118 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 485 BP 441 EP 449 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.03.122 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI9NJ UT WOS:000337259000046 PM 24742554 ER PT J AU Labouesse, MA Gertz, ER Piccolo, BD Souza, EC Schuster, GU Witbracht, MG Woodhouse, LR Adams, SH Keim, NL Van Loan, MD AF Labouesse, Marie A. Gertz, Erik R. Piccolo, Brian D. Souza, Elaine C. Schuster, Gertrud U. Witbracht, Megan G. Woodhouse, Leslie R. Adams, Sean H. Keim, Nancy L. Van Loan, Marta D. TI Associations among endocrine, inflammatory, and bone markers, body composition and weight loss induced bone loss SO BONE LA English DT Article DE Weight loss induced bone loss; Endocrine and inflammatory markers; Physical activity; Body composition ID OVERWEIGHT POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; OBESE PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; MINERAL DENSITY; CALCIUM SUPPLEMENTATION; IN-VITRO; ADIPONECTIN; MASS; TURNOVER; LEPTIN; EXERCISE AB Introduction: Weight loss reduces co-morbidities of obesity, but decreases bone mass. Purpose: Our aims were to 1) determine if adequate dairy intake attenuates weight loss-induced bone loss; 2) evaluate the associations of endocrine, inflammatory and bone markers, anthropometric and other parameters to bone mineral density and content (BMD, BMC) pre- and post-weight loss; and 3) model the contribution of these variables to post weight-loss BMD and BMC. Methods: Overweight/obese women (BMI: 28-37 kg/m(2)) were enrolled in an energy reduced (-500 kcal/d; 2092 kJ/d) diet with adequate dairy (AD: 3-4 servings/d; n = 25, 32.2 +/- 8.8 years) or low dairy (LD: <= 1 serving/d; n = 26, 31.7 +/- 8.4 years). BMD, BMC and body composition were measured by DXA. Bone markers (CTX, PYD, BAP, OC), endocrine (PTH, vitamin D, leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin, amylin, insulin, GLP-1, PAI-1, HOMA) and inflammatory markers (CRP, IL1-beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, cortisol) were measured in serum or plasma. PA was assessed by accelerometry. Results: Following weight loss, AD intake resulted in significantly greater (p = 0.004) lumbar spine BMD and serum osteocalcin (p = 0.004) concentration compared to LD. Pre- and post-body fat was negatively associated with hip and lumbar spine BMC (r = -0.28, p = 0.04 to 0.45, p = 0.001). Of note were the significant negative associations among bone markers and IL-1 beta, TNF alpha. and CRP ranging from r = 0.29 (p = 0.04) to r = -0.34 (p = 0.01); magnitude of associations did not change with weight loss. Adiponectin was negatively related to change in osteocalcin. Factor analysis resulted in 8 pre- and post-weight loss factors. Pre-weight loss factors accounted for 13.7% of the total variance in pre-weight loss hip BMD; post-weight loss factors explained 19.6% of the total variance in post-weight loss hip BMD. None of the factors contributed to the variance in lumbar spine BMD. Conclusion: AD during weight loss resulted in higher lumbar spine BMD and osteocalcin compared to LD. Significant negative associations were observed between bone and inflammatory markers suggesting that inflammation suppresses bone metabolism. Using factor analysis, 19.6% of total variance in post-weight loss hip BMD could be explained by endocrine, immune, and anthropometric variables, but not lumbar spine BMD. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Labouesse, Marie A.] AgroParisTech, Paris Inst Sci & Technol Life Food & Environm Sci, Paris, France. [Gertz, Erik R.; Adams, Sean H.; Keim, Nancy L.; Van Loan, Marta D.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Piccolo, Brian D.; Souza, Elaine C.; Schuster, Gertrud U.; Witbracht, Megan G.; Adams, Sean H.; Keim, Nancy L.; Van Loan, Marta D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Woodhouse, Leslie R.] ARS, Analyt Support Lab, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Van Loan, MD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM marta.vanloan@ars.usda.gov RI Labouesse, Marie/J-4347-2015 FU National Dairy Council [58-5306-6-105]; Dairy Council of California [58-5306-6-105]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [5306-51520-006-00D]; Agriculture Research Service (ARS) [5306-5153-016-00D, 5306-51520-007-00D]; National Center for Medical Research [UL1 RR024146]; Clinical and Translational Science Center of the University of California, Davis FX This study would not have been possible without the efforts of a team of individuals starting with the research volunteers, the WHNRC Metabolic Food Lab, human studies support, and physiology and analytical laboratory staff members and the support of Ms. Janet Peerson, statistician. Additional support was provided by the UC Davis Clinical and Translational Science Center (CTSC) nursing staff for blood draws and radiology technicians for the intra-abdominal adipose tissue CT scan and analysis. Major funding for the project was provided by the National Dairy Council (58-5306-6-105) and administered by the Dairy Research Foundation. Funds were also provided by the Dairy Council of California (58-5306-6-105) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (5306-51520-006-00D), Agriculture Research Service (ARS) (5306-5153-016-00D) intramural project 5306-51520-007-00D, and the Clinical and Translational Science Center of the University of California, Davis, grant number UL1 RR024146 from the National Center for Medical Research. The contents of this manuscript are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not represent the official view of National Center for Research Resources (NCRR), National Institute of Health (NIH), or USDA. The United States Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 8756-3282 EI 1873-2763 J9 BONE JI Bone PD JUL PY 2014 VL 64 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.bone.2014.03.047 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AI6UC UT WOS:000337011500020 PM 24709689 ER PT J AU Rupp, JLS Simon, ZG Gillett-Walker, B Fellers, JP AF Rupp, Jessica L. Shoup Simon, Zachary G. Gillett-Walker, Beth Fellers, John P. TI Resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus identified in synthetic wheat lines SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Virus resistance; Wheat streak mosaic virus; Synthetic wheat lines ID WINTER-WHEAT; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; AGROPYRON INTERMEDIUM; GENETIC DIVERSITY; TRITICUM-DICOCCUM; HEXAPLOID WHEATS; ACERIA-TULIPAE; GERMPLASM; TAUSCHII; REGISTRATION AB Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) is an important pathogen in wheat that causes significant yield losses each year. WSMV is typically controlled using cultural practices such as the removal of volunteer wheat. Genetic resistance is limited. Until recently, no varieties have been available with major resistance genes to WSMV. Two resistance genes have been derived from Thinopyrum intermedium through chromosome engineering, while a third gene was transferred from bread wheat through classical breeding. New sources of resistance are needed and synthetic wheat lines provide a means of accessing genetic variability in wheat progenitors. A collection of wheat synthetic lines was screened for WSMV resistance. Four lines, 07-SYN-27, -106, -164, and -383 had significant levels of resistance. Resistance was effective at 18 A degrees C and virus accumulation was similar to the resistant control, WGGRC50 containing Wsm1. At 25 A degrees C, resistance was no longer effective and virus accumulation was similar to the susceptible control, Tomahawk. C1 [Rupp, Jessica L. Shoup; Simon, Zachary G.; Gillett-Walker, Beth] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Fellers, John P.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Fellers, JP (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jpf@pseru.ksu.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service [CRIS 5430-20000-005D] FX Zachary G. Simon and Beth Gillett-Walker began this work as part of their undergraduate research project at Kansas State University. The authors would like to thank Drs. Bernd Friebe and Perry Gustafson for their input in the writing of this paper. We would also like to thank Jon Raupp, Garret Kennedy and Katie Neugebauer-McRell for their assistance in the work. This work is supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service CRIS 5430-20000-005D and is a joint contribution of the USDA ARS and the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. KAES contribution number: 13-017-J. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JUL PY 2014 VL 198 IS 2 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1007/s10681-014-1095-3 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AI7DG UT WOS:000337041800006 ER PT J AU Bengston, D Dockry, MJ AF Bengston, David Dockry, Michael J. TI Forest Futures in the Anthropocene: Can Trees and Humans Survive Together? SO FUTURIST LA English DT Article C1 [Bengston, David; Dockry, Michael J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bengston, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WORLD FUTURE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 7910 WOODMONT AVE, STE 450, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-3317 J9 FUTURIST JI Futurist PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 48 IS 4 BP 34 EP 39 PG 6 WC Social Issues SC Social Issues GA AI5WN UT WOS:000336940200010 ER PT J AU Kravchenko, VD Muller, GC Allan, SA Yefremova, ZA AF Kravchenko, V. D. Mueller, G. C. Allan, S. A. Yefremova, Z. A. TI Seven invasive owlet moths (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Israel and their potential parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea) SO PHYTOPARASITICA LA English DT Article DE Agricultural pests; Anomis flava; Anomis sabulifera; Earias biplaga; Earias cupreoviridis; Earias vittella; Eulophidae; Invasive moths; Israel; Spodoptera mauritia; Trichoplusia vittata ID ENCYRTIDAE AB Invasive tropical Noctuidae pest species collected in Israel included Spodoptera mauritia (Boisduval), Trichoplusia vittata (Wallengren), Anomis flava (Fabricius), Anomis sabulifera (Guen,e), Earias vittella (Fabricius), Earias biplaga Walker, and Earias cupreoviridis (Walker). All seven noctuid species were rare and sporadically present only along the coastal plain. Possible reasons for this type of distribution are discussed. Abundance was greatest in May with smaller peaks present in February-March and September. Several common parasitoid species - Elasmus flabellatus (Fonscolombe), Elasmus nudus (Nees) and Elasmus viridiceps Thomson (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), with potential as biological control agents for tropical noctuids, are detected in Israel. C1 [Kravchenko, V. D.; Yefremova, Z. A.] Tel Aviv Univ, George S Wise Fac Life Sci, Dept Zool, Ramat Aviv, Israel. [Mueller, G. C.] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Dept Parasitol, Kuvin Ctr Study Infect & Trop Dis, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. [Allan, S. A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Behav & Biocontrol Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Kravchenko, VD (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, George S Wise Fac Life Sci, Dept Zool, Ramat Aviv, Israel. EM vasiliy1953@yandex.ru; guntercmuller@hotmail.com; sandy.allan@ars.usda.gov; eulophids@mail.ru NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0334-2123 EI 1876-7184 J9 PHYTOPARASITICA JI Phytoparasitica PD JUL PY 2014 VL 42 IS 3 BP 333 EP 339 DI 10.1007/s12600-013-0364-3 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AI7GV UT WOS:000337054500006 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ AF Hunter, William J. TI Pseudomonas seleniipraecipitans Proteins Potentially Involved in Selenite Reduction SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELEMENTAL RED SELENIUM; SELENATE; STRAIN; BACTERIA; TOXICITY; ENZYME AB Pseudomonas seleniipraecipitans grows in the presence of high levels of selenite and selenate and reduces both oxyanions to elemental selenium (Se-0), a property that may make P. seleniipraecipitans useful as an inoculant for biobarriers designed to remove selenite or selenate from ground or surface waters. An earlier study showed that P. seleniipraecipitans nitrate reductase reduced selenate to Se-0, but failed to identify the protein(s) involved in selenite reduction. This study used ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and native PAGE to isolate two electrophoretic gel regions, identified as bands A and B that showed selenite-reductase-activity. Proteomics was used to identify the proteins present in those regions. Glutathione reductase (GR) was detected in the A-band; based on this information, Saccharomyces cerevisiae GR, obtained from a commercial source, was evaluated and found to have selenite-reductase-activity, confirming that GR can reduce selenite to Se-0. Proteomics was also used to detect the proteins present in the B-band and thioredoxin reductase (ThxR) was detected as a B-band protein; based on this information, E. coli ThxR, obtained from a commercial source, was evaluated and found to have selenite-reductase-activity, confirming that ThxR can reduce selenite to elemental selenium. Thus, evidence presented in this study shows that S. cerevisiae GR and E. coli ThxR can reduce SeO3 (2-) to Se-0 and strongly suggests that P. seleniipraecipitans GR and ThxR can also reduce SeO3 (2-) to Se-0. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hunter, WJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150-D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM william.hunter@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 EI 1432-0991 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 69 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1007/s00284-014-0555-2 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AH8OD UT WOS:000336396500012 PM 24604150 ER PT J AU Sampedro, F McAloon, A Yee, W Fan, X Geveke, DJ AF Sampedro, F. McAloon, A. Yee, W. Fan, X. Geveke, D. J. TI Cost Analysis and Environmental Impact of Pulsed Electric Fields and High Pressure Processing in Comparison with Thermal Pasteurization SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cost analysis; Environmental impact; High pressure; Pulsed electric fields; Thermal processing ID HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ORANGE JUICE; FOOD; INACTIVATION AB The cost of high pressure processing (HPP) and the environmental impact of pulsed electric fields (PEF), HPP and thermal pasteurization of orange juice were estimated in the US. The cost analysis was based on commercial processing conditions that were validated for a 2-month shelf-life of orange juice under refrigeration conditions. Total electricity consumption was estimated to be 38,100 and 1,000,000 k Wh/year for thermal and HPP processing, respectively. Total pasteurization cost of HPP was estimated to be 10.7 A cent/l for processing 16,500,000 l/year (3,000 l/h). Of this, capital costs accounted for 59 % (6.3 A cent/l), labor costs accounted for 37 % (4.0 A cent/l) and utility charges, mainly electricity, accounted for 4 % (0.4 A cent/l). The total HPP cost was 7-folds higher than that of conventional thermal processing (1.5 A cent/l). The equivalent CO2 emission was 90,000 kg for thermal processing and 700,000 and 773,000 kg for PEF and HPP, respectively. This corresponds to an increase between 7- and 8-folds in comparison to the thermal processing. Increasing the production output by 2- to 6-folds reduced the total production costs of nonthermal processing by 50-75 %. A deeper knowledge of the processing costs and environmental impact of nonthermal technologies will afford companies a better understanding of the benefits and limitations of these novel systems. C1 [Sampedro, F.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sampedro, F.; Fan, X.] ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [McAloon, A.] ARS, Sustainable Biofuels & Coprod Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yee, W.] ARS, Off Ctr Director, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Geveke, D. J.] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Geveke, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.geveke@ars.usda.gov FU Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (FECYT) from Ministerio de Innovacion y Ciencia from Spain FX The authors are grateful to the Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (FECYT) from Ministerio de Innovacion y Ciencia from Spain for providing the postdoctoral grant to Dr. Fernando Sampedro. The authors acknowledge Drs. Tony Jin and Brendan Niemira for their helpful reviews of the final draft. The authors also acknowledge Mr. Joseph Sites for providing technical assistance with the HPP unit and Mr. Michael Kempkes of Diversified Technologies, Inc. (Bedford, MA), Ms. Carole Tonello of Hiperbaric S. A. (Burgos, Spain) and Mr. Nick de Pinto of Avure Technologies (Franklin, TN) for their valuable data. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 36 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1928 EP 1937 DI 10.1007/s11947-014-1298-6 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AI3BF UT WOS:000336732700005 ER PT J AU Li, X Pan, ZL AF Li, Xuan Pan, Zhongli TI Dry-peeling of Tomato by Infrared Radiative Heating: Part I. Model Development SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Three-dimensional; Numerical simulation; Finite element; Heat transfer; Infrared radiation; Tomato peeling ID MASS-TRANSFER; HOT-AIR; BLOCKAGE; SPHERE; OVEN AB Infrared (IR) dry-peeling of tomatoes has emerged as a nonchemical alternative to conventional peeling methods using hot lye or steam. Successful peel separation induced by IR radiation requires the delivery of a sufficient amount of thermal energy onto the tomato surface in a very short duration. The objective of this study was to understand the transient heat transfer phenomena during IR dry-peeling by developing a computer simulation model. Modeled tomatoes with realistic shapes and different sizes were employed to predict the temperature distributions on their surface and interior during a typical 60 s IR heating. IR radiation was postulated as a mathematically gray-diffuse radiation problem based on the enclosure theory. Radiation heat transfer model combining heat conduction and convection was solved numerically in COMSOL by using a finite element scheme. Changes of tomato thermal properties and phase change of water inside tomato tissues due to temperature increase were considered in the model to improve the prediction accuracy. The developed model can further be used to study the effects of various engineering parameters on IR heating performance relevant to tomato peeling quality and efficiency. Numerical modeling of the heat transfer mechanism provides in-depth understanding of the rapid surface heating characteristics of IR in the tomato dry-peeling process. C1 [Li, Xuan; Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] ARS, Proc Food Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), ARS, Proc Food Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov RI Li, Xuan/J-5786-2015 NR 44 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 7 IS 7 BP 1996 EP 2004 DI 10.1007/s11947-013-1203-8 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AI3BF UT WOS:000336732700011 ER PT J AU Li, X Pan, ZL AF Li, Xuan Pan, Zhongli TI Dry Peeling of Tomato by Infrared Radiative Heating: Part II. Model Validation and Sensitivity Analysis SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Model validation; Temperature uniformity index; Infrared heating; Sensitivity analysis; Computer simulation; Tomato peeling ID PROCESSING TOMATOES; PEELABILITY; YIELD AB In an accompanying study, a predictive mathematical model was developed to simulate heat transfer in a tomato undergoing double sided infrared (IR) heating in a dry-peeling process. The aims of the present study were to validate the developed model using experimental data and to investigate different engineering parameters that most strongly influence the rate and uniformity of IR heating. The mode was verified by comparison of the predicted temperature profiles with experimental data for tomatoes with three dimensions. Uniformity of temperature distribution at tomato surface was quantified by surface-averaged temperatures and a derived temperature uniformity index. The predicted temperatures agreed well with experimental data (r (2) > 0.9). Simulation results illustrated that IR heating induced a dramatic temperature increase on the tomato surface, which extended to 0.6 mm beneath (> 90 A degrees C) during a 60-s heating period, whereas interior temperature at the tomato center remained low (< 30 A degrees C). Sensitivity analysis suggested that strategies to enhance IR heating rate and uniformity can be implemented through varying emissive power, adjusting the distance between emitters, and presorting tomatoes according to size. The validated model provides an effective design tool for better understanding the complex IR radiation heating in developing the innovative IR dry-peeling process. C1 [Li, Xuan; Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] ARS, Proc Food Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), ARS, Proc Food Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Zhongli.Pan@ars.usda.gov RI Li, Xuan/J-5786-2015 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 7 IS 7 BP 2005 EP 2013 DI 10.1007/s11947-013-1188-3 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AI3BF UT WOS:000336732700012 ER PT J AU Guo, MM Jin, TZ Geveke, DJ Fan, XT Sites, JE Wang, LX AF Guo, Mingming Jin, Tony Z. Geveke, David J. Fan, Xuetong Sites, Joseph E. Wang, Luxin TI Evaluation of Microbial Stability, Bioactive Compounds, Physicochemical Properties, and Consumer Acceptance of Pomegranate Juice Processed in a Commercial Scale Pulsed Electric Field System SO FOOD AND BIOPROCESS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Pulsed electric field; Pomegranate juice; Quality; Shelf-life; Consumer acceptance; Commercial application ID ORANGE JUICE; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; PUNICA-GRANATUM; TOMATO JUICE; SHELF-LIFE; PASTEURIZATION; FRUIT; FOODS; INACTIVATION; VEGETABLES AB This paper investigated the feasibility for pasteurizing raw (100 %) pomegranate juice in a commercial scale pulsed electric field (PEF) processing system. The juice was processed at 35 and 38 kV/cm for 281 mu s at 55 A degrees C with a flow rate of 100 L/h. Effect of PEF processing on microbial stability, color, A degrees Brix, pH, sediment, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, anthocyanin, and sensory properties after the treatments and during storage at 4 A degrees C for 12 weeks were studied and compared to those of thermally processed juice. PEF treatments significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited the growth of total aerobic bacteria, which remained at < 2.5 log colony-forming units (CFU)/ml during the 12-week storage. No yeast and mold were detected (< 0.69 log CFU/ml) in the PEF-treated juices during storage up to weeks 10 and 12, which is similar to the thermally processed juice. There were no significant differences in pH and A degrees Brix values between the PEF processed juice and unprocessed juice. PEF processing did not alter the contents of total phenolics and anthocyanin as compared to unprocessed juice. PEF processing had significantly (p < 0.05) less impact on the color of pomegranate juice than thermal processing. PEF-treated juice had the same consumer satisfaction scores as the unprocessed juice, which were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than thermally processed juice samples. There was no significant difference between the two PEF treatments in all results. This study demonstrated that PEF technology extended microbial shelf-life and preserved the major quality and nutritional characteristics of pomegranate juice, and hence, is technically feasible for commercialization in the juice industry. C1 [Guo, Mingming] Jiangnan Univ, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Jin, Tony Z.; Geveke, David J.; Fan, Xuetong; Sites, Joseph E.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Wang, Luxin] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Jin, TZ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Tony.jin@ars.usda.gov OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 FU AMC Group, Spain [58-3K95-2-1543] FX This project was in collaboration with AMC Group, Spain under the Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (#58-3K95-2-1543). The authors thank Anita Parameswaran and Kim Sokorai for excellent technical laboratory assistance, Andy Bigley for outstanding PEF pilot system operation, and Xiaoying Zhang (Auburn University) for superb sensory evaluation. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-5130 EI 1935-5149 J9 FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH JI Food Bioprocess Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 7 IS 7 BP 2112 EP 2120 DI 10.1007/s11947-013-1185-6 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AI3BF UT WOS:000336732700022 ER PT J AU Loudermilk, EL Stanton, A Scheller, RM Dilts, TE Weisberg, PJ Skinner, C Yang, J AF Loudermilk, E. Louise Stanton, Alison Scheller, Robert M. Dilts, Thomas E. Weisberg, Peter J. Skinner, Carl Yang, Jian TI Effectiveness of fuel treatments for mitigating wildfire risk and sequestering forest carbon: A case study in the Lake Tahoe Basin SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Fuel treatments; Wildfire; Carbon management; Effectiveness; LANDIS-II; Mixed-conifer ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LANDSCAPE SIMULATION-MODEL; WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; FIRE SEVERITY; LANDIS-II; CALIFORNIA; USA AB Fuel-reduction treatments are used extensively to reduce wildfire risk and restore forest diversity and function. In the near future, increasing regulation of carbon (C) emissions may force forest managers to balance the use of fuel treatments for reducing wildfire risk against an alternative goal of C sequestration. The objective of this study was to evaluate how long-term fuel treatments mitigate wildfires and affect forest C. For the Lake Tahoe Basin in the central Sierra Nevada, USA, fuel treatment efficiency was explored with a landscape-scale simulation model, LANDIS-II, using five fuel treatment scenarios and two (contemporary and potential future) fire regimes. Treatment scenarios included applying a combination of light (hand) and moderate (mechanical) forest thinning continuously through time and transitioning from these prescriptions to a more mid-seral thinning prescription, both on a 15 and 30 year rotation interval. In the last scenario, fuel treatments were isolated to around the lake shore (nearby urban settlement) to simulate a low investment alternative were future resources may be limited. Results indicated that the forest will remain a C sink regardless of treatment or fire regime simulated, due to the landscape legacy of historic logging. Achievement of a net C gain required decades with intensive treatment and depended on wildfire activity: Fuel treatments were more effective in a more active fire environment, where the interface between wildfires and treatment areas increased and caused net C gain earlier than as compared to our scenarios with less wildfire activity. Fuel treatments were most effective when continuously applied and strategically placed in high ignition areas. Treatment type and re-application interval were less influential at the landscape scale, but had notable effects on species dynamics within management units. Treatments created more diverse forest conditions by shifting dominance patterns to a more mixed conifer system, with a higher proportion of fire-tolerant species. We demonstrated that a small amount of wildfire on the landscape resulted in significant changes in the C pool, and that strategically placed fuel treatments substantially reduced wildfire risk, increased fire resiliency of the forest, and is beneficial for long-term C management. Implications for landscape management included consideration for prioritization of treatment areas and creating ideal re-entry schedules that meet logistic, safety, and conservation goals. In forests with a concentrated wildland urban interface, fuel treatments may be vital for ensuring human welfare and enhancing forest integrity in a fire-prone future. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Loudermilk, E. Louise; Scheller, Robert M.] Portland State Univ, Environm Sci & Management Dept, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Dilts, Thomas E.; Weisberg, Peter J.; Yang, Jian] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Skinner, Carl] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Loudermilk, EL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forestry Sci Lab, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM elloudermilk@fs.fed.us; alisonestanton@gmail.com; rmschell@pdx.edu; tdilts@cabnr.unr.edu; pweisberg@cabnr.unr.edu; cskinner@fs.fed.us; jyang@cabnr.unr.edu RI Scheller, Robert/B-3135-2009 FU Bureau of Land Management; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station [10 DG-11272170-038] FX We would like to thank all of the Lake Tahoe Basin agency personnel at the federal, state, and local level who participated in two workshops to help us develop fuel treatment strategies that represent the current and anticipated management activity in the region. We thank the Tahoe Regional Planning Agency and the Tahoe Center for Environmental Studies for hosting the workshops. We would especially like to thank Tiffany Van Huysen of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station for her support, administration of the grant, and participation in the agency workshops. We obtained many insights and a valuable GIS database from Dave Fournier and Kurt Teuber (USDA Forest Service, Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit). Sarah Karam (University of Nevada-Reno, UNR) provided many input model parameters associated with species life history and physiological attributes. This research was supported using funds provided by the Bureau of Land Management through the sale of public lands as authorized by the Southern Nevada Public Land Management Act (SNPLMA), and was funded in part through grant 10 DG-11272170-038 from the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station. We thank Portland State University (PSU) and UNR for their administrative support. The research team of the Dynamic Ecosystems and Landscapes Lab, PSU was especially important for the success of this project. The views in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessary reflect those of the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station or Bureau of Land Management. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 323 BP 114 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.03.011 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AI2QZ UT WOS:000336704500013 ER PT J AU Elkasabi, Y Mullen, CA Pighinelli, ALMT Boateng, AA AF Elkasabi, Yaseen Mullen, Charles A. Pighinelli, Anna L. M. T. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Hydrodeoxygenation of fast-pyrolysis bio-oils from various feedstocks using carbon-supported catalysts SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biofuels; Pyrolysis; Bio-oil; Hydrotreating; Feedstock ID BIOMASS; SWITCHGRASS; CONVERSION; GUAIACOL; FUELS AB In this paper, we sought to elucidate the relationships between biomass feedstock type and the suitability of their fast-pyrolysis bin-oils for hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) upgrading. Switchgrass, Eucalyptus benthamii, and equine manure feedstocks were pyrolyzed into bin-oil using a continuous fast-pyrolysis system. We also synthesized variations of switchgrass bin-oil using catalytic pyrolysis methods (HZSM-5 catalyst or tail-gas recycle method). Bio-oil samples underwent batch HDO reactions at 320 degrees C under -2100 psi H-2 atmosphere for 4 h, using Pt, Ru, or Pd on carbon supports. Hydrogen consumption was measured and correlated with compositional trends. The resulting organic, aqueous, and gas phases were analyzed for their chemical compositions. Mass balances indicate little coke formation. Switchgrass bin-oil over Pt/C performed the best in terms of hydrogen consumption efficiency, deoxygenation efficiency, and types of upgraded bio-oil compounds. Eucalyptus feedstocks consistently consumed more than twice the normal amount of hydrogen gas per run, primarily due to the elevated syringol content. Catalytically pyrolyzed bin-oils deoxygenated poorly over Pt/C but hydrogenated more extensively than other oils. Although the relative deoxygenation (%DOrel,) varied based on feedstock and catalyst, the absolute deoxygenation (%DOabs) depended only on the overall yield. The total extent of upgrading (hydrogenation + deoxygenation) remained independent of feedstock and catalyst. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Elkasabi, Yaseen; Mullen, Charles A.; Pighinelli, Anna L. M. T.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Pighinelli, Anna L. M. T.] Embrapa Agroenergy, Brazilian Agr Res Corp, BR-70770901 Brasilia, DF, Brazil. RP Elkasabi, Y (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM yaseen.elkasabi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-BRDI [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors would like to thank Charles Coe (Villanova University) for his work in constructing the HDO reactor system, and we also thank Johnson Matthey Inc. (UK) for providing the catalysts used in this study. We also thank Craig Einfeldt for the operational maintenance of the fluidized bed pyrolysis system and Gerry Senske for use of the centrifuge. USDA-NIFA-BRDI grant 2012-10008-20271 is hereby acknowledged. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 106 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 EI 1873-7188 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 123 BP 11 EP 18 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.01.039 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AH9NM UT WOS:000336469100002 ER PT J AU Klasson, KT Boihem, LL Uchimiya, M Lima, IM AF Klasson, K. T. Boihem, L. L., Jr. Uchimiya, M. Lima, I. M. TI Influence of biochar pyrolysis temperature and post-treatment on the uptake of mercury from flue gas SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chicken manure; Lignin; Agricultural waste; Post-pyrolysis washing; Principal Component Analysis ID FLY-ASH; ACTIVATED CARBONS; COAL COMBUSTION; POULTRY MANURE; CAPTURE; ADSORPTION; REMOVAL; SORBENTS; BASIN AB Thermal processing, or pyrolysis, of plant and animal waste under oxygen limiting conditions results in a carbonized material called biochar. Most often, the proposed use for the biochar is in soil applications as a conditioner or for the purpose of carbon sequestration. In this paper we demonstrate that this material can also be used as mercury sorbent in flue gas applications. Four different raw materials (almond shells, cottonseed hulls, lignin, and chicken manure) were pyrolyzed at four different temperatures (350, 500, 650, and 800 degrees C) and washed or left unwashed. These materials were systematically evaluated for their potential to sorb mercury from a simulated flue gas. The materials that performed the best were washed biochars made from poultry manure at 650 and 800 degrees C, and these materials sorbed over 95% of the mercury from the flue gas. It was also shown that the majority of mercury sorbed to the biochar at 150 degrees C was stable and was not thermally desorbed at 450 degrees C, suggesting the presence of sorbed oxidized mercury species such as HgSO4 or HgO. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Klasson, K. T.; Boihem, L. L., Jr.; Uchimiya, M.; Lima, I. M.] ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Klasson, KT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM thomas.klasson@ars.usda.gov OI Klasson, K. Thomas/0000-0003-3358-3081 NR 39 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 EI 1873-7188 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 123 BP 27 EP 33 DI 10.1016/j.fuproc.2014.01.034 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AH9NM UT WOS:000336469100004 ER PT J AU Thyssen, GN Song, XL Naoumkina, M Kim, HJ Fang, DD AF Thyssen, Gregory N. Song, Xianliang Naoumkina, Marina Kim, Hee-Jin Fang, David D. TI Independent replication of mitochondrial genes supports the transcriptional program in developing fiber cells of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO GENE LA English DT Article DE Mitochondrial genome; Sublimon stoichiometric shifting; Mitochondrial replication and transcription; Gossypium; Cotton fiber cell development ID HIGHER-PLANTS; SUCROSE METABOLISM; IN-VITRO; WALL; GENOMES; EXPRESSION; ELONGATION; EVOLUTION; ORGANIZATION; MECHANISMS AB The mitochondrial genomes of flowering plants exist both as a "master circle" chromosome and as numerous subgenomic sublimons that are generated by intramolecular recombination. Differential stability or replication of these sublimons allows individual mitochondrial gene copy numbers to vary independently between different cell types and developmental stages. Our objective was to determine the relationship between mitochondrial gene copy number and transcript abundance in the elongating fiber cells of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We compared RNA and DNA from cotton fiber cells at five developmental time points from early elongation through secondary cell wall thickening from the Ligon-lintless 2 (Li-2) short fiber mutant and its wild type near isogenic line (NIL) DP5690. Mitochondrial gene copy number decreased from 3 to 8-DPA in the developing cotton fiber cells while transcript levels remained low. As secondary cell wall biosynthesis began in developing fibers, the expression levels and copy numbers of mitochondrial genes involved in energy production and respiration were up-regulated in wild type cotton DP5690. However, the short fiber mutant Li-2, failed to increase expression of these genes, which include three subunits of ATP synthase, atp1, atp8 and atp9 and two cytochrome genes cox1 and cob. At the same time, Li-2 failed to increase the copy numbers of these highly expressed genes. Surprisingly, we found that when mitochondrial genes were highly transcribed, they also had very high copy numbers. This observation suggests that in developing cotton fibers, increased mitochondrial sublimon replication may support increases in gene transcription. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Thyssen, Gregory N.; Song, Xianliang; Naoumkina, Marina; Kim, Hee-Jin; Fang, David D.] USDA ARS SRRC, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Song, Xianliang] Shandong Agr Univ, Coll Agron, State Key Lab Crop Biol, Tai An 271018, Shandong, Peoples R China. RP Fang, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS SRRC, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM Gregory.thyssen@ars.usda.gov; Xianliang.song@ars.usda.gov; Marina.naoumkina@ars.usda.gov; Heejin.kim@ars.usda.gov; david.fang@ars.usda.gov OI fang, david/0000-0003-0036-5459 FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [6435-21000-017D] FX Funding was provided by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 6435-21000-017D. We appreciate Dr. Joshua Udall of Brigham Young University, who conducted the RNAseq experiments, for sharing the data and confirming details about the sample preparation and sequencing procedure. We also appreciate Ping Li and Christopher Florane from our group for assistance with sample collection and nucleic acid extraction. We thank Dr. Pal Maliga of the Waksman Institute at Rutgers University for helpful discussions throughout the project Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture which is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 EI 1879-0038 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 544 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.gene.2014.04.038 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AI2SU UT WOS:000336709200006 PM 24768176 ER PT J AU Setamou, M Sanchez, A Saldana, RR Patt, JM Summy, R AF Setamou, Mamoudou Sanchez, A. Saldana, R. R. Patt, J. M. Summy, R. TI Visual Responses of Adult Asian Citrus Psyllid (Hemiptera: Liviidae) to Colored Sticky Traps on Citrus Trees SO JOURNAL OF INSECT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Diaphorina citri; citrus greening; colored traps; visual cues; reflectance ID GREENING DISEASE; HOST PLANTS; KUWAYAMA; LEAVES; HOMOPTERA; BIOLOGY; FLORIDA; HEIGHT AB The effects of five differently-colored sticky traps in capturing adult Diaphorina citri were evaluated in citrus orchards. Trap catches of D. citri were monitored fortnightly on blue, green, red, white and yellow sticky cards placed on three citrus varieties during D. citri active flight period from April to July in south Texas. Evaluation of mean trap catches of each color by repeated measures analysis of variance produced three separate groups: yellow traps caught significantly more D. citri adults than the other four traps; red and green traps caught significantly more D. citri than blue and white traps, which were not significantly different. Although the number of adult psyllid captured on all trap types significantly increased with time during the trapping period, the performance of traps did not change with time. Trap catches were also significantly influenced by the citrus species; traps placed on lemon trees captured more D. citri than those placed on sweet orange and grapefruit, suggesting that plant preference exhibited by D. citri may influence the performance of traps. The ratio of trap reflectance between the 680 to 700 nm and the 450 nm was significantly correlated with total trap catches in all host species studied. Thus, this index was a good indicator of the attractiveness of adult D. citri to colored traps. Additionally, we compared the reflectance values of young versus mature flush shoots of the three host plants used in this study as related to densities of D. citri recorded in colored traps. We discussed the importance of visual cues in the host finding behavior of adult D. citri. C1 [Setamou, Mamoudou; Sanchez, A.; Saldana, R. R.] Texas A&M Univ, Kingsville Citrus Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Patt, J. M.] USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Summy, R.] UTPA, Dept Biol, Edinburg, TX 78596 USA. RP Setamou, M (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Kingsville Citrus Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM mamoudou.setamou@tamuk.edu FU Texas Citrus Producers Board FX We thank Daniel Davila and Maggie Garcia for their assistance with data collection, and Dr. John V. da Graca and Juan Carlos Melgar and two anonymous reviewers for their comments and suggestions on earlier versions of the manuscript. Partial funding for the study was provided by the Texas Citrus Producers Board. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 38 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0892-7553 EI 1572-8889 J9 J INSECT BEHAV JI J. Insect Behav. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 27 IS 4 BP 540 EP 553 DI 10.1007/s10905-014-9448-2 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI3EA UT WOS:000336741300010 ER PT J AU Langhans, C Govers, G Diels, J Stone, JJ Nearing, MA AF Langhans, Christoph Govers, Gerard Diels, Jan Stone, Jeffry J. Nearing, Mark A. TI Modeling scale-dependent runoff generation in a small semi-arid watershed accounting for rainfall intensity and water depth SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Runoff; Runon; Infiltration; Green-Ampt; Modeling; Water depth ID EFFECTIVE HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; HORTONIAN OVERLAND-FLOW; INFILTRATION RATES; SIMULATOR PLOTS; SLOPE LENGTH; SOIL; EROSION; CATCHMENTS; VEGETATION; FIELD AB Observed scale effects of runoff on hillslopes and small watersheds derive from complex interactions of time-varying rainfall rates with runoff, infiltration and macro-and microtopographic structures. A little studied aspect of scale effects is the concept of water depth-dependent infiltration. For semi-arid range-land it has been demonstrated that mounds underneath shrubs have a high infiltrability and lower lying compacted or stony inter-shrub areas have a lower infiltrability. It is hypothesized that runoff accumulation further downslope leads to increased water depth, inundating high infiltrability areas, which increases the area-averaged infiltration rate. A model was developed that combines the concepts of water depth-dependent infiltration, partial contributing area under variable rainfall intensity, and the Green-Ampt theory for point-scale infiltration. The model was applied to rainfall simulation data and natural rainfall-runoff data from a small sub-watershed (0.4 ha) of the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed in the semi-arid US Southwest. Its performance to reproduce observed hydrographs was compared to that of a conventional Green-Ampt model assuming complete inundation sheet flow, with runon infiltration, which is infiltration of runoff onto pervious downstream areas. Parameters were derived from rainfall simulations and from watershed-scale calibration directly from the rainfall-runoff events. The performance of the water depth-dependent model was better than that of the conventional model on the scale of a rainfall simulator plot, but on the scale of a small watershed the performance of both model types was similar. We believe that the proposed model contributes to a less scale-dependent way of modeling runoff and erosion on the hillslope-scale. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Langhans, Christoph; Govers, Gerard; Diels, Jan] KULeuven, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Stone, Jeffry J.; Nearing, Mark A.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Langhans, C (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Melbourne Sch Land & Environm, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Forest & Water Grp, 221 Bouverie St, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia. EM christoph.langhans@unimelb.edu.au FU Flemish Agency for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT); Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) FX The authors would like to thank the staff of the Southwest Watershed Research Center (SWRC) in Tucson, AZ and students from the University of Arizona who helped providing rainfall simulation and other data. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers who significantly contributed to the improvement of the first manuscript. The project was funded by the Flemish Agency for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) and by a travel grant from the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO). NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 EI 1872-9657 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 69 BP 65 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2014.03.005 PG 14 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA AH8ZO UT WOS:000336427900006 ER PT J AU Schnier, K Doyle, M Rigby, JR Yates, AJ AF Schnier, Kurt Doyle, Martin Rigby, James R. Yates, Andrew J. TI BILATERAL OLIGOPOLY IN POLLUTION PERMIT MARKETS: EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE SO ECONOMIC INQUIRY LA English DT Article ID PRIVATE INFORMATION; POWER AB We experimentally investigate behavior in a bilateral oligopoly using a supply function equilibria model discussed by Klemperer and Meyer (1989), Hendricks and McAfee (2010), and Malueg and Yates (2009). We focus on the role that market size and the degree of firm heterogeneity have on the market equilibrium. Our results indicate that subjects within the experiment recognize the strategic incentives in a bilateral oligopoly, but they do not exploit these incentives to the exact magnitude predicted by theory. We find weaker support for predicted market outcomes, as market efficiency does not depend on market size, and in some cases buyers or sellers are more successful at extracting the rents from the market. (JEL L13, Q5, C9) C1 [Schnier, Kurt] Univ Calif, Sch Humanities Social Sci & Arts, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Doyle, Martin] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Rigby, James R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Yates, Andrew J.] Univ N Carolina, Econ Curriculum Environm & Ecol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Schnier, K (reprint author), Univ Calif, Sch Humanities Social Sci & Arts, Merced, CA 95343 USA. EM kschnier@ucmerced.edu; martin.doyle@duke.edu; jr.rigby@ars.usda.gov; ajyates@email.unc.edu OI Rigby, James/0000-0002-5611-6307 NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0095-2583 EI 1465-7295 J9 ECON INQ JI Econ. Inq. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1060 EP 1079 DI 10.1111/ecin.12087 PG 20 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA AH2ZZ UT WOS:000335992200007 ER PT J AU Zhang, FF Rodday, AM Kelly, MJ Must, A MacPherson, C Roberts, SB Saltzman, E Parsons, SK AF Zhang, Fang Fang Rodday, Angie Mae Kelly, Michael J. Must, Aviva MacPherson, Cathy Roberts, Susan B. Saltzman, Edward Parsons, Susan K. TI Predictors of Being Overweight or Obese in Survivors of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) SO PEDIATRIC BLOOD & CANCER LA English DT Article DE hyperferritinemia; hyperbilirubinemia; Epstein-Barr virus; Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ID LONG-TERM SURVIVORS; BODY-MASS-INDEX; CHILDHOOD-CANCER SURVIVOR; ADULT SURVIVORS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; US CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; ADOLESCENTS; LEPTIN; RISK AB Background Despite several advances in the treatment of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in recent years, patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (EBV-HLH) do not always show satisfactory outcomes. We here conducted a nationwide survey in Japan to identify prognostic factors of EBV-HLH in children with this disease in an effort to improve the management and the outcomes of these patients. Procedure Between January 2003 and June 2008, we enrolled 98 children younger than 18 years of age who were diagnosed with EBV-HLH. We then studied the clinical characteristics and laboratory findings at the time of diagnosis with the aim to identify prognostic factors for EBV-HLH. Results The mean age of onset of EBV-HLH was 3.9 +/- 2.8 years. Most of our patients presented with fever, hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and hemophagocytosis of bone marrow. Sixty-two percent of patients showed T cell clonality, and 97% had EBV infection in either T or natural killer cells. Most patients (60%) were treated with a multi-agent chemotherapeutic regimen, including corticosteroid, etoposide, and cyclosporine. After initial treatment, 90.3% of patients were in remission, and 7 patients (8.2%) experienced recurrence of EBV infection. Among several prognostic factors, patients with both hyperbilirubinemia (>1.8 mg/dl) and hyperferritinemia (>20,300 ng/ml) at the time of diagnosis had significantly poorer outcomes than those with low serum bilirubin and ferritin levels. Conclusions These findings suggest that the therapeutic strategy for children with EBV-HLH could be tailored according to the laboratory findings at diagnosis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2014;61:1257-1262. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Zhang, Fang Fang] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, Boston, MA 20111 USA. [Zhang, Fang Fang; Roberts, Susan B.; Saltzman, Edward] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 20111 USA. [Rodday, Angie Mae; Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 20111 USA. [Rodday, Angie Mae; Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Kelly, Michael J.; Parsons, Susan K.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 20111 USA. [Kelly, Michael J.; MacPherson, Cathy] Tufts Med Ctr, Floating Hosp Children, Div Pediat Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 20111 USA. RP Zhang, FF (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Dept Nutr Sci, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 20111 USA. EM fang_fang.zhang@tufts.edu FU Catalyst; Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Award; National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, the National Institutes of Health [UL1 TR000073]; Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center [P30DK46200] FX Grant sponsor: Catalyst; Grant sponsor: Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Award; Grant sponsor: National Center for Research Resources; Grant number: UL1 RR025752; Grant sponsor: National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, the National Institutes of Health; Grant number: UL1 TR000073; Grant sponsor: Boston Nutrition Obesity Research Center; Grant number: P30DK46200 NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1545-5009 EI 1545-5017 J9 PEDIATR BLOOD CANCER JI Pediatr. Blood Cancer PD JUL PY 2014 VL 61 IS 7 BP 1263 EP 1269 DI 10.1002/pbc.24980 PG 7 WC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics SC Oncology; Hematology; Pediatrics GA AG1TG UT WOS:000335198400026 PM 24482072 ER PT J AU Clark, DJ Reid, KF Patten, C Phillips, EM Ring, SA Wu, SS Fielding, RA AF Clark, David J. Reid, Kieran F. Patten, Carolynn Phillips, Edward M. Ring, Sarah A. Wu, Samuel S. Fielding, Roger A. TI Does quadriceps neuromuscular activation capability explain walking speed in older men and women? SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nervous system; Muscle; Mobility; Walking; Aging ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; LOWER-EXTREMITY PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE FAT INFILTRATION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; FUNCTIONAL IMPAIRMENT; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE; MOBILITY DISABILITY; ELDERLY-WOMEN; AGE; ADULTS AB Age-related impairment of neuromuscular activation has been shown to contribute to weakness in older adults. However, it is unclear to what extent impaired neuromuscular activation independently accounts for decline of mobility function. The hypothesis of this study is that the capability to produce rapid neuromuscular activation during maximal effort leg muscle contractions will be shown to be an independent predictor of mobility function in older men and women after accounting for muscle size and adiposity, body composition and age. Twenty six older men and eighteen older women (aged 70-85 years) participated in this study. Mobility function was assessed by the 400-m walk test. Neuromuscular activation of the quadriceps muscle group was assessed by surface electromyography ("rate of EMG rise"). Thigh muscle cross sectional area and adiposity were assessed by computed tomography. In males, univariate regression analysis revealed strong associations between walking speed and a number of predictors including age (p < 0.01), muscle area ( p < 0.01), intermuscular adipose tissue area (p < 0.01), and rate of EMG rise (p < 0.001). Subsequent multiple regression analysis with all variables accounted for 72% of the variability in walking speed (p < .0001), with age and rate of EMG rise as the dominant variables in the model. In females, univariate analysis showed a significant association only between walking speed and subcutaneous adipose tissue area (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis accounted for only 44% of the variability in walking speed, and was not statistically significant (p = 0.18). The present findings indicate that the capability to rapidly activate the quadriceps muscle group is an important factor accounting for inter-individual variability of walking speed among older men, but not among older women. This research is important for informing the design of assessments and interventions that seek to detect and prevent impairments that contribute to age-related mobility disability. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Clark, David J.; Reid, Kieran F.; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Clark, David J.; Patten, Carolynn; Ring, Sarah A.] Malcom Randall VA Med Ctr, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Clark, David J.] Univ Florida, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL USA. [Patten, Carolynn] Univ Florida, Dept Phys Therapy, Gainesville, FL USA. [Phillips, Edward M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Phys Med, Boston, MA USA. [Phillips, Edward M.] Spaulding Rehabil Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Wu, Samuel S.] Univ Florida, Dept Biostat, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Clark, DJ (reprint author), Malcom Randall VA Med Ctr, Brain Rehabil Res Ctr, 151A,1601 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM davidclark@ufl.edu RI Patten, Carolynn/B-4804-2009 OI Patten, Carolynn/0000-0002-9948-0045 FU National Institute on Aging [AG-18844]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014]; Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center - NIH Infrastructure Grant [1R24HD065688-01A1]; U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Rehabilitation Research and Development [B7176W]; University of Florida Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [2P30AG028740] FX This research was supported by the National Institute on Aging (AG-18844 to RAF) and the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679). This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58- 1950-0-014. This research was also supported by the Boston Rehabilitation Outcomes Center funded by NIH Infrastructure Grant (1R24HD065688-01A1). DJC received support from the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs Office of Rehabilitation Research and Development (B7176W) and the University of Florida Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (2P30AG028740). Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture or U.S. Dept. of Veterans Affairs. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 EI 1873-6815 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 55 BP 49 EP 53 DI 10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.019 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AH2CW UT WOS:000335929300007 PM 24703887 ER PT J AU Bravo-Oviedo, A del Rio, M Calama, R Valentine, HT AF Bravo-Oviedo, Andres del Rio, Miren Calama, Rafael Valentine, Harry T. TI New approaches to modelling cross-sectional area to height allometry in four Mediterranean pine species SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID LENGTH DYNAMICS APPLICATION; LOBLOLLY-PINE; GROWTH; COMPETITION; PLANTS; TREES AB Crown dynamics affect tree cross-sectional growth by responding to individual traits and stand history and features, i.e. species, stocking, thinning, site quality or climatic conditions. Under this assumption we analysed two simple models that relate cross-sectional growth to the growth of stem length above the cross section in four species of Mediterranean pines. Cross-sectional growth was measured at breast height. The first model (Model 0) has no parameters, and specifies an isometric relationship between cross-sectional area and stem length. The second model (Model alpha), which was formulated to analyse Model 0, has one parameter. Neither of the two simple models requires knowledge of crown length, though Model 0 derives - under an assumption of constant crown length - from a more general model that relates cross-sectional growth to crown length dynamics. A mixed-effects modelling strategy was selected to fit Model a in order to incorporate fixed effects of species, and random effects to account for factors like ontogeny (tree effect), stand history (plot effect) and climatic conditions (growth period). Results indicate that Model alpha predicts better than Model 0 when the single parameter is expanded to take into account all these effects and indicate that the constant ratio between cross-sectional area and the length of stem predicted by Model 0 is one possible value within a ratio that changes over time as function of ontogeny, stand history and climatic conditions. On average the ratio is positive, indicating greater cross-sectional growth than height growth showing greater variation in stem formation. Inter-specific analysis indicated a less asymmetric behaviour in competition for pine species growing in water-stress environment C1 [Bravo-Oviedo, Andres; del Rio, Miren; Calama, Rafael] INIA, Forest Res Ctr CIFOR, Madrid 28040, Spain. [Valentine, Harry T.] US Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Bravo-Oviedo, A (reprint author), INIA, Forest Res Ctr CIFOR, Crta La Coruna Km 7,5, Madrid 28040, Spain. EM bravo@inia.es RI Bravo-Oviedo, Andres/D-1512-2009; del Rio, Miren/F-2196-2013; Calama, Rafael/G-6747-2012 OI Bravo-Oviedo, Andres/0000-0001-7036-7041; del Rio, Miren/0000-0001-7496-3713; Calama, Rafael/0000-0002-2598-9594 FU INIA-CIFOR [AT2010-007, AGL2011-29701-C02-01] FX This study has been supported at INIA-CIFOR by AT2010-007 and AGL2011-29701-C02-01 projects. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X EI 1464-3626 J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JUL PY 2014 VL 87 IS 3 BP 399 EP 406 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpt058 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AH1WT UT WOS:000335913200005 ER PT J AU Doolittle, JA Brevik, EC AF Doolittle, James A. Brevik, Eric C. TI The use of electromagnetic induction techniques in soils studies SO GEODERMA LA English DT Review DE Electromagnetic induction; Apparent conductivity; Soil mapping; Soil spatial characterization ID APPARENT ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; FIELD-SCALE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; DEPTH RELATIONS; WATER-CONTENT; PRECISION AGRICULTURE; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; GEOPHYSICAL METHODS; MANAGEMENT CLASSES AB Electromagnetic induction (EMI) has been used to characterize the spatial variability of soil properties since the late 1970s. Initially used to assess soil salinity, the use of EMI in soil studies has expanded to include: mapping soil types; characterizing soil water content and flow patterns; assessing variations in soil texture, compaction, organic matter content, and pH; and determining the depth to subsurface horizons, stratigraphic layers or bedrock, among other uses. In all cases the soil property being investigated must influence soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) either directly or indirectly for EMI techniques to be effective. An increasing number and diversity of EMI sensors have been developed in response to users' needs and the availability of allied technologies, which have greatly improved the functionality of these tools. EMI investigations provide several benefits for soil studies. The large amount of georeferenced data that can be rapidly and inexpensively collected with EMI provides more complete characterization of the spatial variations in soil properties than traditional sampling techniques. In addition, compared to traditional soil survey methods, EMI can more effectively characterize diffuse soil boundaries and identify areas of dissimilar soils within mapped soil units, giving soil scientists greater confidence when collecting spatial soil information. EMI techniques do have limitations; results are site-specific and can vary depending on the complex interactions among multiple and variable soil properties. Despite this, EMI techniques are increasingly being used to investigate the spatial variability of soil properties at field and landscape scales. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Doolittle, James A.] USDA NRCS NSSC, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Brevik, Eric C.] Dickinson State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Dickinson, ND 58601 USA. RP Brevik, EC (reprint author), Dickinson State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Dickinson, ND 58601 USA. EM jim.doolittle@lin.usda.gov; Eric.Brevik@dickinsonstate.edu NR 168 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 11 U2 75 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD JUL PY 2014 VL 223 BP 33 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma2014.01.027 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AG3CA UT WOS:000335292200004 ER PT J AU Liu, GC Song, Y Wang, JM Zhuang, H Ma, L Li, C Liu, Y Zhang, JH AF Liu, Guichao Song, Ye Wang, Jiamei Zhuang, Hong Ma, Lei Li, Can Liu, Yao Zhang, Jianhao TI Effects of nanoclay type on the physical and antimicrobial properties of PVOH-based nanocomposite films SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE PVOH; Nanoclay; Nanocomposite film; Physical property; Antimicrobial activity ID PVA-CLAY NANOCOMPOSITE; BARRIER PROPERTIES; SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; ALCOHOL) AB Polyvinyl alcohols-based nanocomposite films with four types of montmorillonite (MMT) nanoclay, including 18-amino stearic acid (L24TL), methyl, bis hydroxyethyl, octadecyl ammonium (I.34TCN), dimethyl, di-hydrogenated tallow ammonium/siloxane (I.44PSS) organically modified MMT and a natural MMT (Na+-MMT) were fabricated by a solution-intercalation, film-casting method, and effects of the nanoclays were evaluated on physical properties, including transmittance, tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (E), water solubility (WS), swelling ratio (SR), water vapor uptake ratio (WVUR), and water vapor permeability (WVP), as well as antimicrobial activity of the polyvinyl alcohols-based films. Transmittance, WS, SR, WVUR, WVP of the nanocomposite films were significantly reduced by nano-composition compared to a pure polyvinyl alcohols film. The WVP decreased by 11.8-20.7%, and WS, SR and WVUR decreased by 19.9-41.8%, 9.1-26.4%, and 4.8-12.8%, respectively. The extent of changes was dependent on nanoclay type. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed that intercalation was formed in nanocomposite films. Overall among all the tested nanoclays, Na+-MMT showed more impact on physical properties of polyvinyl alcohols films, and the polyvinyl alcohols film compounded with quaternary ammonium group displayed remarkable antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Guichao; Song, Ye; Wang, Jiamei; Ma, Lei; Li, Can; Liu, Yao; Zhang, Jianhao] Nanjing Agr Univ, Natl Ctr Meat Qual & Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Guichao; Song, Ye; Wang, Jiamei; Ma, Lei; Li, Can; Liu, Yao; Zhang, Jianhao] Synerget Innovat Ctr Food Safety & Nutr, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhuang, Hong] ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Zhang, JH (reprint author), Nanjing Agr Univ, Natl Ctr Meat Qual & Safety Control, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM nau_zjh@njau.edu.cn FU National Technology Support Program of China [2012BAD28B01]; Technology Support Program of Suzhou, China [ZXG2012033]; Technology Support Program of Changshu, China [CSRC1131] FX This study was sponsored by the National Technology Support Program of China (Grant No. 2012BAD28B01), the Technology Support Program of Suzhou, China (Grant No. ZXG2012033) and the Technology Support Program of Changshu, China (Grant No. CSRC1131). NR 39 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 57 IS 2 BP 562 EP 568 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.01.009 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AF8NR UT WOS:000334973400015 ER PT J AU Yang, CC Kim, MS Millner, P Chao, K Cho, BK Mo, C Lee, H Chan, DE AF Yang, Chun-Chieh Kim, Moon S. Millner, Patricia Chao, Kuanglin Cho, Byoung-Kwan Mo, Changyeun Lee, Hoyoung Chan, Diane E. TI Development of multispectral imaging algorithm for detection of frass on mature red tomatoes SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hyperspectral image; Multispectral image; Food safety; Fresh produce; Line scan; Machine vision ID DIAPERINUS COLEOPTERA-TENEBRIONIDAE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157H7; LESSER MEALWORM; QUALITY; SAFETY; SALMONELLA; VISION; SYSTEM; GUT AB In this research, a multispectral fluorescence-based imaging algorithm was developed to detect frass contamination on mature Campari tomatoes. Tomato images were acquired using a hyperspectral fluorescence line-scan imaging system with violet LED excitation, then analyzed for wavelength selection. The fluorescence intensities at five wavelengths, 515 nm, 640 nm, 664 nm, 690 nm, and 724 nm, were used to compute three simple ratio functions to detect frass contamination. The contamination spots were created on the tomato surfaces using four low-concentration frass dilutions. The algorithms detected over 99% of the 0.2 kg/L and 0.1 kg/L frass contamination spots and successfully differentiated these spots from tomato skin surfaces, stem scars, and stems. However, differentiation of the 0.05 kg/L and 0.02 kg/L frass contamination spots was more difficult. Adjusting the algorithm to successfully detect 95% of the 0.05 kg/L spots also resulted in false-positive pixel detections occurring on 28% of the tomatoes. This study demonstrates that a simple multispectral fluorescence imaging algorithm based on violet LED excitation could be useful for rapid postharvest detection of frass contamination on tomatoes in processing lines. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Yang, Chun-Chieh; Kim, Moon S.; Millner, Patricia; Chao, Kuanglin; Lee, Hoyoung; Chan, Diane E.] USDA ARS, BARC East, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Mo, Changyeun] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Gyeonggi Do 441100, South Korea. RP Kim, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC East, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Moon.Kim@ars.usda.gov FU High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea; Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea [PJ009399] FX This work was partially supported by High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea, and Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ009399), National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 93 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.01.022 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AE6IX UT WOS:000334095300001 ER PT J AU Feliziani, E Romanazzi, G Smilanick, JL AF Feliziani, Erica Romanazzi, Gianfranco Smilanick, Joseph L. TI Application of low concentrations of ozone during the cold storage of table grapes SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gray mold; Botrytis cinerea; Ozone diffusion; Commercial packages; Sulfur dioxide; Consumer sensory test ID POSTHARVEST GRAY MOLD; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; PENICILLIUM-EXPANSUM; BIOACTIVE PHENOLICS; STRAWBERRY QUALITY; TOMATO FRUIT; EXPOSURE; DECAY; ATMOSPHERES; ENRICHMENT AB The control by ozone of postharvest decay of table grapes, caused by Botrytis cinerea and other pathogens, was evaluated in chambers and commercial storage facilities. Ozone at 0.100 mu L/L or higher inhibited the spread of gray mold among stored grapes. Ozone diffusion into many types of commercial packaging was measured. Boxes made of uncoated paper corrugate inhibited diffusion more than those composed of coated paper corrugate, plastic corrugate, hard plastic, or expanded polystyrene. Internal packaging of hard plastic clamshell containers inhibited diffusion less than low density polyethylene cluster bags. Atmospheres of 0.100 mu L/L ozone in the day and 0.300 mu L/L at night reduced the natural incidence of gray mold by approximately 65% after 5-8 weeks of storage. Its effectiveness to control postharvest decay was compared to sulfur dioxide fumigation. After 68 days at 1 degrees C the incidence of gray mold among grapes stored in air, ozone, or with weekly sulfur dioxide fumigation was 38.8%, 2.1%, and 0.1%, respectively. However, decay by other fungi, such as Alternaria spp. and Penicillium spp., was controlled by sulfur dioxide, but not by ozone. In some tests, rachis appearance was moderately harmed by ozone. The combination of ozone use in storage following a single initial sulfur dioxide fumigation, or its use in between biweekly sulfur dioxide fumigations, controlled both gray mold and other pathogens and matched the commercial practice of initial and weekly sulfur dioxide fumigation. The use of both gases in this way reduced sulfur dioxide use greatly. Differences in flavor of grapes treated with ozone were not detectable compared to those stored in air, and grapes treated with ozone were preferred over those treated with sulfur dioxide. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Feliziani, Erica; Romanazzi, Gianfranco] Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm Sci, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Smilanick, Joseph L.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Feliziani, E (reprint author), Marche Polytech Univ, Dept Agr Food & Environm Sci, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. EM e.feliziani@univpm.it RI Romanazzi, Gianfranco/C-8981-2012 FU California Table Grape Commission FX This study was made possible by grants from the California Table Grape Commission and donations of equipment and technical support from Purfresh and Ozone International Companies. We thank Kent Fjeld for the fabrication of ozone chambers, ozone generation and control equipment, the ozone concentration and logging equipment, and participation in the collection and analysis of data, and Laura Van der Staay for use of chambers at the University of California Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center. We appreciate the donated fruit and use of fumigation facilities of several commercial table grape growers, the Forest Service International Service office for facilitating the appointment of Erica Feliziani as a Visiting Scientist, and the technical assistance of Franka Mlikota Gabler, Monir Mansour, Gabriel Verduzco, Dennis Margosan, Zilfina Rubio Ames, Xiaoqiong Zhu, Sijie Zhu, Xiaofan Zhao, Chang-Lin Xiao, Seiya Saito, Sean Perham, and Rick Emershad. We thank Sue Collin and Kent Fjeld for assistance in design of sensory evaluations and the many panelists who participated. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 93 BP 38 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.02.006 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AE6IX UT WOS:000334095300006 ER PT J AU Du, WX Avena-Bustillos, RJ Breksa, AP McHugh, TH AF Du, Wen-Xian Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J. Breksa, Andrew P., III McHugh, Tara H. TI UV-B light as a factor affecting total soluble phenolic contents of various whole and fresh-cut specialty crops SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fruits and vegetables; Ultraviolet; Fresh-cut; Phenolics; Specialty crops ID POTATO SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; DIETARY FLAVONOIDS; CARROT PRODUCTS; UNITED-STATES; SWEET-POTATO; ACID CONTENT; L.; FRUIT; ACCUMULATION AB The effect of ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light treatment on total soluble phenolic (TSP) contents of various whole and fresh-cut specialty crops was evaluated. Whole fruits (strawberries, blueberries, grapes), vegetables (cherry tomatoes, white sweet corn) and root crops (sweet potatoes, colored potatoes), and fresh-cut fruit, vegetables and root crops (apple wedge, iceberg lettuce, broccoli floret and stem, and sliced radish, daikon, and parsnip) were treated with increasing UV-B dose levels (1.3-5.9 kJ m(-2)) and followed by incubation to allow for the samples to respond. TSP levels were measured. The changes in TSP were species-dependent. Whole grapes, blueberries, pink and red cherry tomatoes, white sweet corn, colored potatoes and sweet potatoes did not benefit from UV-B exposure. Strawberries showed a slight, but significant increase in TSP at the highest UV-B dose. UV-B exposure did not affect TSP of apple wedge, broccoli floret and stem, sliced radish and daikon after incubation. Fresh-cut lettuce and parsnip showed significant 1.2 and 2.3 times increase, respectively, in TSP mostly due to the combination effect of wounding and UV-B light exposure after 3 d of incubation. UV-B light exposure (1.3-5.9 kJ m(-2)) can be used as an additional processing step on selected specialty crops to enhance their soluble phenolic contents. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Du, Wen-Xian; Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J.; Breksa, Andrew P., III; McHugh, Tara H.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Du, WX (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Proc Foods Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Wen-Xian.Du@ars.usda.gov; Roberto.Avena@ars.usda.gov; Andrew.Breksa@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65503-05811] FX This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Grant 2009-65503-05811 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Thanks to Rachelle D. Woods, Carl W. Olsen, Brian Cain, Caio G. Otoni, Bumjeun Kim, Patrick Sayegh for assistance with the TSP and total anthocyanin analysis. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 93 BP 72 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.02.004 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AE6IX UT WOS:000334095300009 ER PT J AU Moscetti, R Monarca, D Cecchini, M Haff, RP Contini, M Massantini, R AF Moscetti, Roberto Monarca, Danilo Cecchini, Massimo Haff, Ron P. Contini, Marina Massantini, Riccardo TI Detection of Mold-Damaged Chestnuts by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Castanea sativa; Fungal contamination; Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter-Near Infrared spectroscopy; Discriminant analysis; Wavelengths selection ID REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NIR SPECTROSCOPY; CASTANEA-SATIVA; WHEAT KERNELS; INFESTATION; ERGOSTEROL; INSECTS; CLASSIFICATION; RESONANCE; STORAGE AB Mold infection is a significant postharvest problem for processors of chestnuts (Castanea sativa, Miller). Fungal disease causes direct loss of product or reduced value due to the lower-quality grade of the chestnut lot. In most cases, fungal infection is not detectable using traditional sorting techniques. In this study, the feasibility of using Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy to detect hidden mold infection in chestnut was demonstrated. Using a genetic algorithm for feature selection (from 2 to 6 wavelengths) in combination with image analysis grading and Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA), Quadratic Discriminant Analysis (QDA) or k-Nearest-Neighbors (kNN) routines, classification error rates as low as 2.42% false negative, 2.34% false positive, and 2.38% total error were achieved, with an Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) value of 0.997 and a Wilk's lambda of 0.363 (P < 0.001). A Savitzky-Golay first derivative spectral pretreatment with 33 smoothing points was used. The optimal features corresponded to Abs[1118 nm], Abs[1200 nm], Abs[1626 nm], and Abs[1844 nm]. The results represent an important step toward the development of a sorting system based on multispectral NIR bands, with the potential to rapidly detect and remove chestnuts contaminated by fungi and reduce the incidence of hidden mold in chestnut lots. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Moscetti, Roberto; Monarca, Danilo; Cecchini, Massimo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Sci & Technol Agr Forest Nat & Energy, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. [Haff, Ron P.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Contini, Marina; Massantini, Riccardo] Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agro Food & Forest Syst, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. RP Massantini, R (reprint author), Univ Tuscia, Dept Innovat Biol Agro Food & Forest Syst, S Camillo Lellis Snc, I-01100 Viterbo, Italy. EM massanti@unitus.it RI Cecchini, Massimo/F-3411-2012; Monarca, Danilo/B-8010-2016; OI Cecchini, Massimo/0000-0003-1407-8127; Massantini, Riccardo/0000-0001-6517-3162; Monarca, Danilo/0000-0002-8980-3744; Moscetti, Roberto/0000-0002-2034-8536 NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 EI 1873-2356 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 93 BP 83 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2014.02.009 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AE6IX UT WOS:000334095300010 ER PT J AU Lu, YJ Gao, BY Chen, P Charles, D Yu, LL AF Lu, Yingjian Gao, Boyan Chen, Pei Charles, Denys Yu, Liangli (Lucy) TI Characterisation of organic and conventional sweet basil leaves using chromatographic and flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprints combined with principal component analysis SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE HPLC fingerprint; Flow injection; Mass spectral fingerprint; Principal component analysis; Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) ID DERIVATIVES; OCIMUM; ACID; L. AB Sweet basil, Ocimum basilicum, is one of the most important and wildly used spices and has been shown to have antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-diarrheal activities. In this study, high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) and flow-injection mass spectrometric (FIMS) fingerprinting techniques were used to differentiate organic and conventional sweet basil leaf samples. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the fingerprints indicated that both HPLC and FIMS fingerprints could effectively detect the chemical differences in the organic and conventional sweet basil leaf samples. This study suggested that the organic basil sample contained greater concentrations of almost all the major compounds than its conventional counterpart on a per same botanical weight basis. The FIMS method was able to rapidly differentiate the organic and conventional sweet basil leaf samples (1 min analysis time), whereas the HPLC fingerprints provided more information about the chemical composition of the basil samples with a longer analytical time. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lu, Yingjian; Gao, Boyan; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Gao, Boyan; Yu, Liangli (Lucy)] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Inst Food & Nutraceut Sci, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Chen, Pei] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Charles, Denys] Frontier Nat Prod Coop, Norway, IA 52318 USA. RP Chen, P (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, SJTU Rich Res Inst, Inst Food & Nutraceut Sci, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM Pei.Chen@ars.usda.gov; liangli.yu@sjtu.edu.cn RI Gao, Boyan/N-9851-2016 FU special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201203069]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2013AA102202]; SJTU 985-III disciplines platform and talent fund [TSO414115001, TS0320215001]; Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture; Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health [Y01 OD001298-01] FX This research was partially supported by a special fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (Grant No. 201203069), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2013AA102202), SJTU 985-III disciplines platform and talent fund (Grant Nos. TSO414115001; TS0320215001), as well as by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and an Interagency Agreement with the Office of Dietary Supplements of the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. Y01 OD001298-01). NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 154 BP 262 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.01.009 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AC3OJ UT WOS:000332430800035 PM 24518341 ER PT J AU Delwiche, SR Graybosch, RA AF Delwiche, Stephen R. Graybosch, Robert A. TI Measurement of Blend Concentrations of Conventional and Waxy Hard Wheats Using NIR Spectroscopy SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; AMYLOSE; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; STARCHES; REGISTRATION AB Breeding development of waxy (amylose-free) hard wheat lines adapted to the North American climate has been underway for more than a decade, with releases of competitive varieties imminent. Because of required identity preservation and a possible premium value placed on waxy lots, a rapid and accurate method is desired to identify and quantify the mixing of conventional wheat with waxy wheat, a condition that might occur at harvest or any point downstream. Our previous work demonstrated that lines pure with waxy starch can be identified from nonwaxy lines by use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy applied either on a whole kernel or ground meal basis. However, mixture quantification by NIR techniques has not been examined until now. Using hard winter wheat grown in two seasons (2011 and 2012) and at two locations (Nebraska and Arizona), a series of mixtures ranging in proportion (conventional/waxy) percentage by weight, from 0:100 to 100:0, were formed from nine pairs of waxy and nonwaxy varieties or lines, with year and location being consistent within a pair. Twenty-nine mixtures (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15,..., 85, 90, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, and 100%) were formed for each pair. Partial least squares regression models were developed by using eight of the nine pairs, with model validation accomplished by using the pair excluded. This procedure was repeated for each pair. The results indicate that, regardless of sample format or spectral pretreatment, the optimal models typically produce coefficients of determination in excess of 0.98, with standard errors of 4-7%, thus demonstrating the feasibility of the use of the NIR technique to predict the mixture level to within 10% by weight. C1 [Delwiche, Stephen R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Dept Agron, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Qual Lab, Bldg 303, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM stephen.delwiche@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 4 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-09-13-0195-R PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SI UT WOS:000343779500009 ER PT J AU Ross, AS Bettge, AD Kongraksawech, T Engle, DA AF Ross, Andrew S. Bettge, Arthur D. Kongraksawech, Teepakorn Engle, Douglas A. TI Measuring Oxidative Gelation of Aqueous Flour Suspensions Using the Rapid Visco Analyzer SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID END-USE QUALITY; WHEAT-FLOUR; CROSS-LINKING; SOFT WHEAT; FERULIC ACID; ARABINOXYLANS; PENTOSANS; IMPACT AB The Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA) was investigated as a tool to measure oxidative gelation capacity (OGC) of aqueous wheat flour suspensions. One club wheat patent flour was used to determine optimal hydration time, and 33 straight-grade flours (representing 12 hard and 21 soft varieties) were used to observe varietal differences in OGC. A 33.3% w/w flour water suspension was tested in the RVA at 30 degrees C and 160 rpm for 1 min to establish the flour water baseline viscosity, and then 65 mu.L of 3% H2O2 was added and the viscosity of the suspension measured at 160 rpm for a further 5 min. Flour from the club wheat showed that 20 min of prehydration was needed to observe full OGC potential. For the 33 straight-grade flours, final RVA water baseline viscosity was correlated with Bostwick Consistometer (BC) flow (r = 0.93, P <= 0.01), and RVA H2O2 peak viscosity was correlated with H2O2 BC flow (r = 0.81, P <= 0.01). The RVA was able to differentiate H2O2-reactive from nonreactive flours. The RVA can observe phenomena not observable with the BC method (e.g., viscosity reduction over time at constant shear rate), which can provide potentially valuable additional information about the nature of OGC in wheat flour suspensions. C1 [Ross, Andrew S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Ross, Andrew S.; Kongraksawech, Teepakorn] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bettge, Arthur D.] ADBWheat Consultancy, Moscow, ID USA. [Engle, Douglas A.] USDA, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA USA. RP Ross, AS (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM andrew.ross@oregonstate.edu FU Oregon Wheat Commission and Formula from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-31100-06041] FX The authors acknowledge the Oregon Wheat Commission and Formula Grant no. 2009-31100-06041 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture for funding the study. We also thank Jake Mattson and Omar Miranda-Garcia for performing the RVA analyses and the collaborators of the Pacific Northwest Wheat Quality Council for permission to use the samples. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 4 BP 374 EP 377 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-10-13-0210-N PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SI UT WOS:000343779500011 ER PT J AU Cai, LM Choi, I Lee, CK Park, KK Baik, BK AF Cai, Liming Choi, Induck Lee, Choon-Ki Park, Kwang-Keun Baik, Byung-Kee TI Bran Characteristics and Bread-Baking Quality of Whole Grain Wheat Flour SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; PHENOLIC CONTENT; PHYTIC ACID; LOAF VOLUME; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; MILLED FRACTIONS; WINTER-WHEAT; WHITE FLOUR; FIBER; ENZYMES AB Variations in physical and compositional bran characteristics among different sources and classes of wheat and their association with breadbaking quality of whole grain wheat flour (WWF) were investigated with bran obtained from Quadrumat milling of 12 U.S. wheat varieties and Biihler milling of six Korean wheat varieties. Bran was characterized for composition including protein, fat, ash, dietary fiber, phenolics, and phytate. U.S. soft and club wheat brans were lower in insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) and phytate content (40.7-44.7% and 10.3-17.1 mg of phytate/g of bran, respectively) compared with U.S. hard wheat bran (46.0-51.3% and 16.5-22.2 mg of phytate/g of bran, respectively). Bran of various wheat varieties was blended with a hard red spring wheat flour at a ratio of 1:4 to prepare WWFs for determination of dough properties and bread-baking quality. WWFs with U.S. hard wheat bran generally exhibited higher dough water absorption and longer dough mixing time, and they produced smaller loaf volume of bread than WWFs of U.S. soft and club wheat bran. WWFs of two U.S. hard wheat varieties (ID3735 and Scarlet) produced much smaller loaves of bread (<573 mL) than those of other U.S. hard wheat varieties (>625 mL). IDF content, phytate content, and water retention capacity of bran exhibited significant relationships with loaf volume of WWF bread, whereas no relationship was observed between protein content of bran and loaf volume of bread. It appears that U.S. soft and club wheat bran, probably owing to relatively low IDF and phytate contents, has smaller negative effects on mixing properties of WWF dough and loaf volume of bread than U.S. hard wheat bran. C1 [Cai, Liming] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Choi, Induck; Lee, Choon-Ki; Park, Kwang-Keun] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Iksan, South Korea. [Baik, Byung-Kee] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit,Soft Wheat Qua, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Baik, BK (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit,Soft Wheat Qua, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM byungkee.baik@ars.usda.gov FU International Technology Cooperation Center in the Rural Development Administration, Korea; Agricultural Research Center at Washington State University FX This study was conducted with the financial support of the International Technology Cooperation Center in the Rural Development Administration, Korea, and the Agricultural Research Center at Washington State University. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 41 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 4 BP 398 EP 405 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-09-13-0198-R PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SI UT WOS:000343779500015 ER PT J AU Schoch, CL Robbertse, B Robert, V Vu, D Cardinali, G Irinyi, L Meyer, W Nilsson, RH Hughes, K Miller, AN Kirk, PM Abarenkov, K Aime, MC Ariyawansa, HA Bidartondo, M Boekhout, T Buyck, B Cai, Q Chen, J Crespo, A Crous, PW Damm, U De Beer, ZW Dentinger, BTM Divakar, PK Duenas, M Feau, N Fliegerova, K Garcia, MA Ge, ZW Griffith, G Groenewald, JZ Groenewald, M Grube, M Gryzenhout, M Gueidan, C Guo, LD Hambleton, S Hamelin, R Hansen, K Hofstetter, V Hong, SB Houbraken, J Hyde, KD Inderbitzin, P Johnston, PR Karunarathna, SC Koljalg, U Kovacs, GM Kraichak, E Krizsan, K Kurtzman, CP Larsson, KH Leavitt, S Letcher, PM Liimatainen, K Liu, JK Lodge, DJ Luangsa-ard, JJ Lumbsch, HT Maharachchikumbura, SSN Manamgoda, D Martin, MP Minnis, AM Moncalvo, JM Mule, G Nakasone, KK Niskanen, T Olariaga, I Papp, T Petkovits, T Pino-Bodas, R Powell, MJ Raja, HA Redecker, D Sarmiento-Ramirez, JM Seifert, KA Shrestha, B Stenroos, S Stielow, B Suh, SO Tanaka, K Tedersoo, L Telleria, MT Udayanga, D Untereiner, WA Uribeondo, JD Subbarao, KV Vagvolgyi, C Visagie, C Voigt, K Walker, DM Weir, BS Weiss, M Wijayawardene, NN Wingfield, MJ Xu, JP Yang, ZL Zhang, N Zhuang, WY Federhen, S AF Schoch, Conrad L. Robbertse, Barbara Robert, Vincent Duong Vu Cardinali, Gianluigi Irinyi, Laszlo Meyer, Wieland Nilsson, R. Henrik Hughes, Karen Miller, Andrew N. Kirk, Paul M. Abarenkov, Kessy Aime, M. Catherine Ariyawansa, Hiran A. Bidartondo, Martin Boekhout, Teun Buyck, Bart Cai, Qing Chen, Jie Crespo, Ana Crous, Pedro W. Damm, Ulrike De Beer, Z. Wilhelm Dentinger, Bryn T. M. Divakar, Pradeep K. Duenas, Margarita Feau, Nicolas Fliegerova, Katerina Garcia, Miguel A. Ge, Zai-Wei Griffith, GarethW. Groenewald, Johannes Z. Groenewald, Marizeth Grube, Martin Gryzenhout, Marieka Gueidan, Cecile Guo, Liangdong Hambleton, Sarah Hamelin, Richard Hansen, Karen Hofstetter, Valerie Hong, Seung-Beom Houbraken, Jos Hyde, Kevin D. Inderbitzin, Patrik Johnston, Peter R. Karunarathna, Samantha C. Koljalg, Urmas Kovacs, Gabor M. Kraichak, Ekaphan Krizsan, Krisztina Kurtzman, Cletus P. Larsson, Karl-Henrik Leavitt, Steven Letcher, Peter M. Liimatainen, Kare Liu, Jian-Kui Lodge, D. Jean Luangsa-ard, Janet Jennifer Lumbsch, H. Thorsten Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N. Manamgoda, Dimuthu Martin, Maria P. Minnis, Andrew M. Moncalvo, Jean-Marc Mule, Giuseppina Nakasone, Karen K. Niskanen, Tuula Olariaga, Ibai Papp, Tamas Petkovits, Tamas Pino-Bodas, Raquel Powell, Martha J. Raja, Huzefa A. Redecker, Dirk Sarmiento-Ramirez, J. M. Seifert, Keith A. Shrestha, Bhushan Stenroos, Soili Stielow, Benjamin Suh, Sung-Oui Tanaka, Kazuaki Tedersoo, Leho Teresa Telleria, M. Udayanga, Dhanushka Untereiner, Wendy A. Dieguez Uribeondo, Javier Subbarao, Krishna V. Vagvoelgyi, Csaba Visagie, Cobus Voigt, Kerstin Walker, Donald M. Weir, Bevan S. Weiss, Michael Wijayawardene, Nalin N. Wingfield, Michael J. Xu, J. P. Yang, Zhu L. Zhang, Ning Zhuang, Wen-Ying Federhen, Scott TI Finding needles in haystacks: linking scientific names, reference specimens and molecular data for Fungi SO DATABASE-THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL DATABASES AND CURATION LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; RIBOSOMAL DNA; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; SEQUENCE ANALYSES; SPECIES COMPLEX; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; BARCODE; LIFE AB DNA phylogenetic comparisons have shown that morphology-based species recognition often underestimates fungal diversity. Therefore, the need for accurate DNA sequence data, tied to both correct taxonomic names and clearly annotated specimen data, has never been greater. Furthermore, the growing number of molecular ecology and microbiome projects using high-throughput sequencing require fast and effective methods for en masse species assignments. In this article, we focus on selecting and re-annotating a set of marker reference sequences that represent each currently accepted order of Fungi. The particular focus is on sequences from the internal transcribed spacer region in the nuclear ribosomal cistron, derived from type specimens and/or ex-type cultures. Re-annotated and verified sequences were deposited in a curated public database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), namely the RefSeq Targeted Loci (RTL) database, and will be visible during routine sequence similarity searches with NR_prefixed accession numbers. A set of standards and protocols is proposed to improve the data quality of new sequences, and we suggest how type and other reference sequences can be used to improve identification of Fungi. C1 [Schoch, Conrad L.; Robbertse, Barbara; Federhen, Scott] Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. [Robert, Vincent; Duong Vu; Boekhout, Teun; Crespo, Ana; Crous, Pedro W.; Groenewald, Johannes Z.; Groenewald, Marizeth; Houbraken, Jos; Stielow, Benjamin; Visagie, Cobus] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3508 AD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Cardinali, Gianluigi] Univ Perugia, Dept Pharmaceut Sci Microbiol, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Irinyi, Laszlo; Meyer, Wieland] Univ Sydney, Marie Bashir Inst Infect Dis & Biosecur, Mol Mycol Res Lab,Sydney Med Sch,Westmead Hosp, Westmead Millennium Inst,Ctr Infect Dis & Microbi, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. [Nilsson, R. Henrik] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden. [Hughes, Karen] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37920 USA. [Miller, Andrew N.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Kirk, Paul M.; Dentinger, Bryn T. M.] Royal Bot Gardens, Jodrell Lab, Mycol Sect, Richmond TW9 3DS, Surrey, England. [Abarenkov, Kessy; Koljalg, Urmas; Tedersoo, Leho] Univ Tartu, Nat Hist Museum, EE-51014 Tartu, Estonia. [Aime, M. Catherine] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ariyawansa, Hiran A.; Chen, Jie; Hyde, Kevin D.; Karunarathna, Samantha C.; Liu, Jian-Kui; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Manamgoda, Dimuthu; Udayanga, Dhanushka; Wijayawardene, Nalin N.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. [Ariyawansa, Hiran A.; Chen, Jie; Hyde, Kevin D.; Karunarathna, Samantha C.; Liu, Jian-Kui; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa S. N.; Manamgoda, Dimuthu; Udayanga, Dhanushka; Wijayawardene, Nalin N.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. [Bidartondo, Martin] Imperial Coll London, Royal Bot Gardens, Richmond TW9 3DS, England. [Buyck, Bart] Museum Natl Hist Nat, Dept Systemat & Evolut CP39, UMR7205, F-75005 Paris, France. [Cai, Qing; Ge, Zai-Wei; Yang, Zhu L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Crespo, Ana; Divakar, Pradeep K.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Biol Vegetal 2, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Damm, Ulrike] Senckenberg Museum Nat Hist Gorlitz, D-02806 Gorlitz, Germany. [De Beer, Z. Wilhelm; Wingfield, Michael J.] Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, FABI, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Duenas, Margarita; Martin, Maria P.; Sarmiento-Ramirez, J. M.; Teresa Telleria, M.; Dieguez Uribeondo, Javier] CSIC, RJB, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Feau, Nicolas; Hamelin, Richard] Univ British Columbia, Fac Forestry, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Fliegerova, Katerina] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Anim Physiol & Genet, Vvi, Prague, Czech Republic. [Garcia, Miguel A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Biol, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada. [Griffith, GarethW.] Prifysgol Aberystwyth, Inst Biol Environm & Rural Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DD, Ceredigion, Wales. [Grube, Martin] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Plant Sci, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Gryzenhout, Marieka] Univ Orange Free State, Dept Plant Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [Gueidan, Cecile] CANBR, CSIRO Plant Ind, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Guo, Liangdong; Zhuang, Wen-Ying] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Microbiol, State Key Lab Mycol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Hambleton, Sarah; Seifert, Keith A.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Biodivers Mycol & Microbiol, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Hansen, Karen; Olariaga, Ibai] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, SE-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Hofstetter, Valerie] Agroscope Changins Wadenswil Res Stn ACW, Dept Rech Protect Vegetaux Grandes Cultures & Vig, CH-1260 Nyon, Switzerland. [Hong, Seung-Beom] RDA, Korean Agr Culture Collect, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Suwon 441707, South Korea. [Inderbitzin, Patrik; Subbarao, Krishna V.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Johnston, Peter R.; Weir, Bevan S.] Landcare Res, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Kovacs, Gabor M.] Eotvos Lorand Univ, Inst Biol, Dept Plant Anat, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary. [Kovacs, Gabor M.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Agr Res Ctr, H-1525 Budapest, Hungary. [Kraichak, Ekaphan; Leavitt, Steven; Lumbsch, H. Thorsten] Field Museum Nat Hist, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Krizsan, Krisztina; Papp, Tamas; Petkovits, Tamas; Vagvoelgyi, Csaba] Univ Szeged, Fac Sci & Informat, Dept Microbiol, H-6726 Szeged, Hungary. [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Larsson, Karl-Henrik] Nat Hist Museum, N-0318 Oslo, Norway. [Letcher, Peter M.; Powell, Martha J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Liimatainen, Kare; Niskanen, Tuula] Univ Helsinki, Dept Biosci, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Lodge, D. Jean] US Forest Serv, USDA, NRS, Luquillo, PR USA. [Luangsa-ard, Janet Jennifer] Natl Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol BIOTEC, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand. [Minnis, Andrew M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Moncalvo, Jean-Marc] Univ Toronto, Royal Ontario Museum, Dept Nat Hist, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Moncalvo, Jean-Marc] Univ Toronto, Dept Ecol Evolutionary Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Mule, Giuseppina] CNR, Inst Sci Food Prod, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Nakasone, Karen K.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Pino-Bodas, Raquel; Stenroos, Soili] Univ Helsinki, Finnish Museum Nat Hist, Bot Museum, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Raja, Huzefa A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem & Biochem, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. [Redecker, Dirk] Univ Bourgogne, Agroecol UMR1347, F-21000 Dijon, France. [Shrestha, Bhushan] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Inst Life Sci & Biotechnol, Suwon 440746, South Korea. [Suh, Sung-Oui] ATCC, Mycol & Bot Program, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Tanaka, Kazuaki] Hirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Hirosaki, Aomori 0368561, Japan. [Untereiner, Wendy A.] Brandon Univ, Dept Biol, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada. [Voigt, Kerstin] Leibniz Inst Nat Prod Res & Infect Biol, Jena Microbial Resource Collect, Jena, Germany. [Voigt, Kerstin] Univ Jena, Jena, Germany. [Walker, Donald M.] Univ Findlay, Dept Nat Sci, Findlay, OH 45840 USA. [Weiss, Michael] Univ Tubingen, Inst Evolut & Ecol, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. [Xu, J. P.] McMaster Univ, Dept Biol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada. [Zhang, Ning] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Schoch, CL (reprint author), Natl Lib Med, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20894 USA. EM schoch2@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov RI de Beer, Z. Wilhelm/B-6353-2008; Maharachchikumbura, Sajeewa/C-9403-2013; Zhang, Ning/K-3046-2012; Garcia, Miguel Angel/N-6275-2016; Martin, Maria /H-8069-2012; Divakar, Pradeep/E-5603-2014; Meyer, Wieland/G-1204-2015; Telleria, M. Teresa/H-4928-2015; Duenas, Margarita/H-4944-2015; Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011; Crespo, Ana/N-6236-2014; Wingfield, Michael/A-9473-2008; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Ariyawansa, Hiran/C-2618-2015; Groenewald, Marizeth/G-4976-2012; Abarenkov, Kessy/H-9611-2015; Mule, Giuseppina/B-6478-2015; WeiSS, Michael/F-6206-2012 OI de Beer, Z. Wilhelm/0000-0001-9758-8987; Zhang, Ning/0000-0003-0755-2505; Garcia, Miguel Angel/0000-0002-0366-043X; Martin, Maria /0000-0002-1235-4418; Divakar, Pradeep/0000-0002-0300-0124; Raja, Huzefa/0000-0002-0824-9463; Nilsson, Henrik/0000-0002-8052-0107; Meyer, Wieland/0000-0001-9933-8340; Telleria, M. Teresa/0000-0002-9876-6914; Duenas, Margarita/0000-0003-0621-8003; Crespo, Ana/0000-0002-5271-0157; Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; Ariyawansa, Hiran/0000-0001-8836-2572; Groenewald, Marizeth/0000-0003-0835-5925; Abarenkov, Kessy/0000-0001-5526-4845; Mule, Giuseppina/0000-0002-9094-1888; WeiSS, Michael/0000-0002-4869-9186 FU National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health; National Human Genome Research Institute at the National Institutes of Health FX Funding for open access charge: The Intramural Research Programs of the National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine and the National Human Genome Research Institute, both at the National Institutes of Health. NR 99 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 6 U2 87 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1758-0463 J9 DATABASE-OXFORD JI Database PD JUN 30 PY 2014 AR bau061 DI 10.1093/database/bau061 PG 21 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AK7AY UT WOS:000338579600001 ER PT J AU Smith, MT Bennett, AM Grubman, MJ Bundy, BC AF Smith, Mark T. Bennett, Anthony M. Grubman, Marvin J. Bundy, Bradley C. TI Foot-and-mouth disease: Technical and political challenges to eradication SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Foot-and-mouth; Disease; Virus; Vaccine; Outbreak ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; VACCINE BANKS; CATTLE; PATHOGENESIS; EXPERIENCE; OUTBREAK; LESSONS; FMD; TRANSMISSION; ECONOMICS AB Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly-contagious livestock disease with global socioeconomic ramifications. The disease negatively impacts both individual farmers through reduced herd viability and nations through trade restrictions of animals and animal derivatives. Vaccines for FMD prevention have existed for over 70 years, yet the disease remains enzootic in a large percentage of the globe. FMD persistence is due in part to technical limitations of historic and current vaccine technologies. There also exist many socioeconomic and political barriers to global FMD eradication. Here we highlight the barriers to eradication and discuss potential avenues toward FMD eradication. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Smith, Mark T.; Bennett, Anthony M.; Bundy, Bradley C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Grubman, Marvin J.] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, North Atlantic Area, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Bundy, BC (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem Engn, 350 Clyde Bldg, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM bundy@byu.edu OI Bundy, Bradley/0000-0003-4438-183X FU National Pork Board [13-104] FX The authors would like to acknowledge that funding, wholly or in part, was provided by the National Pork Board 13-104. NR 78 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 30 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 31 BP 3902 EP 3908 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.038 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK4LO UT WOS:000338396400005 PM 24785105 ER PT J AU Moreno-Perez, MF Woolhiser, DA Roldan-Canas, J AF Fatima Moreno-Perez, Maria Woolhiser, David A. Roldan-Canas, Jose TI Effects of parameter perturbation on daily precipitation models in Southern Spain using the NAO index SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NAO index; daily precipitation; stochastic model; Southern Spain ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SEASONAL THUNDERSTORM RAINFALL; IBERIAN PENINSULA; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; DECADAL VARIATIONS; POINT PROCESSES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; MARKOV-CHAIN; TRENDS AB The effects of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on a second order-mixed exponential stochastic model (MC2ME) of daily precipitation were detected for 33 weather stations located in southern Spain. The stations exhibit a wide range of elevations and distance from the Atlantic Ocean and consequently have large variations of mean annual precipitation and mean annual number of wet days. Annually, periodic parameters were obtained by numerical maximum likelihood fitting of Fourier series utilizing 54 years of concurrent data for each station. NAO effects were determined by perturbing these parameters by functions of the NAO Index. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) was used to select the appropriate number of Fourier harmonics for each parameter and to determine if the non-stationary model with perturbed parameters was superior to the annually periodic model. Likelihood ratio tests showed that improvements in log likelihood functions by NAO perturbations of the logits of transition probabilities and the periodic function of the mean of the mixed exponential were highly significant. Improvements in the log likelihood functions were obtained by perturbing only during the winter months. Limited goodness of fit analyses by simulations showed that the NAO perturbations led to increased variance of annual precipitation and greater ranges of annual maximum and minimum precipitation as compared to simulations with annually periodic parameters. C1 [Fatima Moreno-Perez, Maria; Roldan-Canas, Jose] Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. [Woolhiser, David A.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Moreno-Perez, MF (reprint author), Univ Cordoba, Dept Agron, Edif Leonardo Da Vinci,Campus Rabanales, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. EM mfatima@uco.es RI Moreno-Perez, Maria Fatima/S-4859-2016; OI Roldan-Canas, Jose/0000-0002-3455-789X; Moreno-Perez, Maria Fatima/0000-0002-4489-1031 FU project "Directiva Marco del Agua y Riesgos Hidricos: Gestion y Mitigacion de Sequias" - Spanish Commission of Science and Technology [CSO2011-29425] FX This research was supported by project CSO2011-29425 "Directiva Marco del Agua y Riesgos Hidricos: Gestion y Mitigacion de Sequias" funded by the Spanish Commission of Science and Technology. Weather station precipitation data was provided by the Spanish Meteorological Agency (AEMET) NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0899-8418 EI 1097-0088 J9 INT J CLIMATOL JI Int. J. Climatol. PD JUN 30 PY 2014 VL 34 IS 8 BP 2556 EP 2572 DI 10.1002/joc.3858 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AJ4SU UT WOS:000337667100003 ER PT J AU Ukhanova, M Wang, XY Baer, DJ Novotny, JA Fredborg, M Mai, V AF Ukhanova, Maria Wang, Xiaoyu Baer, David J. Novotny, Janet A. Fredborg, Marlene Mai, Volker TI Effects of almond and pistachio consumption on gut microbiota composition in a randomised cross-over human feeding study SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Commensal microbiota; Flora; Nutrition; Diet ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HUMAN HEALTH; CAPACITY; DISEASES; OBESITY; SAMPLES; DIET; NUTS AB The modification of microbiota composition to a 'beneficial' one is a promising approach for improving intestinal as well as overall health. Natural fibres and phytochemicals that reach the proximal colon, such as those present in various nuts, provide substrates for the maintenance of healthy and diverse microbiota. The effects of increased consumption of specific nuts, which are rich in fibre as well as various phytonutrients, on human gut microbiota composition have not been investigated to date. The objective of the present study was to determine the effects of almond and pistachio consumption on human gut microbiota composition. We characterised microbiota in faecal samples collected from volunteers in two separate randomised, controlled, cross-over feeding studies (n 18 for the almond feeding study and n 16 for the pistachio feeding study) with 0, 1.5 or 3 servings/d of the respective nuts for 18 d. Gut microbiota composition was analysed using a 16S rRNA-based approach for bacteria and an internal transcribed spacer region sequencing approach for fungi. The 16S rRNA sequence analysis of 528 028 sequence reads, retained after removing low-quality and short-length reads, revealed various operational taxonomic units that appeared to be affected by nut consumption. The effect of pistachio consumption on gut microbiota composition was much stronger than that of almond consumption and included an increase in the number of potentially beneficial butyrate-producing bacteria. Although the numbers of bifidobacteria were not affected by the consumption of either nut, pistachio consumption appeared to decrease the number of lactic acid bacteria (P< 0.05). Increasing the consumption of almonds or pistachios appears to be an effective means of modifying gut microbiota composition. C1 [Ukhanova, Maria; Wang, Xiaoyu; Fredborg, Marlene; Mai, Volker] Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Ukhanova, Maria; Wang, Xiaoyu; Fredborg, Marlene; Mai, Volker] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Baer, David J.; Novotny, Janet A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fredborg, Marlene] Aarhus Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Tjele, Denmark. RP Mai, V (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Epidemiol, 2055 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM vmai@epi.ufl.edu RI Navntoft, Anne Mette/G-8527-2013 FU Almond Board of California and Paramount Farms FX The present study was funded by the Almond Board of California and Paramount Farms. The funders contributed to the study design, but did not participate in the conduct of the study, analysis of the samples or data, interpretation of the findings or preparation of the manuscript. The laboratories of D. J. B. and V. M. received funding from the Almond Board of California for carrying out the present study. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 26 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JUN 28 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 12 BP 2146 EP 2152 DI 10.1017/S0007114514000385 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AJ5ER UT WOS:000337705700010 PM 24642201 ER PT J AU Sampson, BJ Marshall, DA Stringer, SJ Sakhanokho, HF Werle, CT AF Sampson, Blair J. Marshall, Donna A. Stringer, Stephen J. Sakhanokho, Hamidou F. Werle, Christopher T. TI Emulsions of long-chain fatty acids as fruit sizing and ripening agents for gibberellin-A(3)-treated rabbiteye blueberries (Vaccinium virgatum Aiton syn. V. ashei) SO SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Article DE Plant growth regulator; Phytohormone; Seeds; Apomixis; Gibberellic acid; Auxin ID GIBBERELLIC-ACID; SEED NUMBER; POLLINATION; ARABIDOPSIS; GA(3); SIZE; BEE; GROWTH; SET AB Some rabbiteye blueberry cultivars (Vaccinium virgatum Aiton syn. ashei) lose <= 67% of their berries to a floral polymorphism (z1-5) that reduces male and female function by deforming corollas, stamens, and pistils. These deformities give flowers an asymmetric shape, and if severe enough, could cause sterility. Overcoming sterility and associated yield loss in 'Premier' flowers was possible with two applications of an exogenous plant growth regulator (PGR), 250 ppm gibberellin-As (GA). Interestingly, the dual emulsifier and surfactant chosen for our GA dips, 0.5% coconut oil soap, behaved like a PGR by inducing adventitious embyony, possibly apomixis. Resulting berries were 20-25% heavier and matured 7-14 days earlier. Fruit sets as high as 80-90% stemmed from the emulsion's GA ingredient. Yet, the heaviest seed-rich berries either resulted from cross-pollinated flowers or from unpollinated ones treated with GA/coconut oil soap emulsion (hereafter known as the emulsion). A second greenhouse experiment incorporated chemical dips containing four concentrations of coconut oil soap, five component fatty acids with medium length to long-chain aliphatic tails (C-10-C-18), and three new cultivars. Again, these replicated trials achieved similar results. GA stimulated high fruit set, while coconut oil soap plus its component long-chained fatty acids produced heavier faster growing berries for unpollinated blooms of 'Austin', and 'Prince'. 'Tifblue' flowers however yielded seedless fruit, indicating genotypic sensitivities to exogenous GA. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Sampson, Blair J.; Marshall, Donna A.; Stringer, Stephen J.; Sakhanokho, Hamidou F.; Werle, Christopher T.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Sampson, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, 810 Hwy 26 West, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM blair.sampson@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project [6404-21220-003-00D] FX The authors would like to thank Webster Brown, Brock Gerald, Jacenta Hinton, Robert Sharpe, Whitney Sumpter, and Lavonne Stringer for their technical assistance, Ron Creamer of the Carroll Co. for advice on the soap ingredients and chemistry, and two anonymous reviewers for improving the manuscript. Funding supplied by United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project No. 6404-21220-003-00D. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4238 EI 1879-1018 J9 SCI HORTIC-AMSTERDAM JI Sci. Hortic. PD JUN 27 PY 2014 VL 173 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1016/j.scienta.2014.04.028 PG 14 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AK7KE UT WOS:000338606400001 ER PT J AU Meyer, E Aspinwall, MJ Lowry, DB Palacio-Mejia, JD Logan, TL Fay, PA Juenger, TE AF Meyer, Eli Aspinwall, Michael J. Lowry, David B. Palacio-Mejia, Juan Diego Logan, Tierney L. Fay, Philip A. Juenger, Thomas E. TI Integrating transcriptional, metabolomic, and physiological responses to drought stress and recovery in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Drought; Recovery; Switchgrass; Panicum virgatum; Gene expression; RNA-seq ID GENE-EXPRESSION ATLAS; WATER-STRESS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PLANT-RESPONSES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WHOLE-PLANT; COLD STRESS; DATA SETS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; GENOMICS AB Background: In light of the changes in precipitation and soil water availability expected with climate change, understanding the mechanisms underlying plant responses to water deficit is essential. Toward that end we have conducted an integrative analysis of responses to drought stress in the perennial C-4 grass and biofuel crop, Panicum virgatum (switchgrass). Responses to soil drying and re-watering were measured at transcriptional, physiological, and metabolomic levels. To assess the interaction of soil moisture with diel light: dark cycles, we profiled gene expression in drought and control treatments under pre-dawn and mid-day conditions. Results: Soil drying resulted in reduced leaf water potential, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence along with differential expression of a large fraction of the transcriptome (37%). Many transcripts responded differently depending on time of day (e.g. up-regulation pre-dawn and down-regulation mid-day). Genes associated with C-4 photosynthesis were down-regulated during drought, while C-4 metabolic intermediates accumulated. Rapid changes in gene expression were observed during recovery from drought, along with increased water use efficiency and chlorophyll fluorescence. Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that drought responsive gene expression depends strongly on time of day and that gene expression is extensively modified during the first few hours of drought recovery. Analysis of covariation in gene expression, metabolite abundance, and physiology among plants revealed non-linear relationships that suggest critical thresholds in drought stress responses. Future studies may benefit from evaluating these thresholds among diverse accessions of switchgrass and other C-4 grasses. C1 [Meyer, Eli] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Meyer, Eli; Aspinwall, Michael J.; Lowry, David B.; Palacio-Mejia, Juan Diego; Logan, Tierney L.; Juenger, Thomas E.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Aspinwall, Michael J.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [Fay, Philip A.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Meyer, E (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Cordley Hall 3029, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM eli.meyer@science.oregonstate.edu RI Aspinwall, Mike/M-2083-2014; OI Aspinwall, Mike/0000-0003-0199-2972; Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 FU National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program Award [IOS-0922457]; United States Department of Agriculture NIFA-AFRI postdoctoral fellowship [2011-67012-30696]; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney FX We are grateful to Yi-Cheng Lee and Joe Bouton (Noble Foundation) for sharing clones of Alamo AP13, Marc Lohse (Max Planck Institute for Plant Molecular Physiology) for running Mercator annotations on our custom assembly, Jiyi Zhang and Michael Udvardi (S.R. Noble Foundation) for sharing their EST data ahead of publication, and Oliver Fiehn (UC Davis) for MS analysis of primary metabolites. We thank the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC) for the use of computational facilities for mapping and assembly. Funding was provided through a National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program Award (IOS-0922457) to TJ and a United States Department of Agriculture NIFA-AFRI postdoctoral fellowship (2011-67012-30696) to DL. Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, University of Western Sydney, provided support to MA during the writing of this manuscript. NR 84 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 15 U2 96 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 26 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 527 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-527 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AM5PD UT WOS:000339911500001 PM 24964784 ER PT J AU Pendleton, AL NicolasFeau, KS Feau, N Martin, FM Grigoriev, IV Hamelin, R Nelson, CD Burleigh, JG Davis, JM AF Pendleton, Amanda L. Smith, Katherine E. Feau, Nicolas Martin, Francis M. Grigoriev, Igor V. Hamelin, Richard Nelson, C. Dana Burleigh, J. Gordon Davis, John M. TI Duplications and losses in gene families of rust pathogens highlight putative effectors SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE effectors; rust pathogens; secretome; genome evolution; comparative genomics ID F-SP FUSIFORME; SIGNAL PEPTIDES; GENOME SEQUENCE; CFEM DOMAIN; PLANT; FUNGI; PROTEINS; CRONARTIUM; PREDICTION; VIRULENCE AB Rust fungi are a group of fungal pathogens that cause some of the world's most destructive diseases of trees and crops. A shared characteristic among rust fungi is obligate biotrophy, the inability to complete a lifecycle without a host. This dependence on a host species likely affects patterns of gene expansion, contraction, and innovation within rust pathogen genomes. The establishment of disease by biotrophic pathogens is reliant upon effector proteins that are encoded in the fungal genome and secreted from the pathogen into the host's cell apoplast or within the cells. This study uses a comparative genomic approach to elucidate putative effectors and determine their evolutionary histories. We used OrthoMCL to identify nearly 20,000 gene families in proteomes of 16 diverse fungal species, which include 15 basidiomycetes and one ascomycete. We inferred patterns of duplication and loss for each gene family and identified families with distinctive patterns of expansion/contraction associated with the evolution of rust fungal genomes. To recognize potential contributors for the unique features of rust pathogens, we identified families harboring secreted proteins that: (i) arose or expanded in rust pathogens relative to other fungi, or (ii) contracted or were lost in rust fungal genomes. While the origin of rust fungi appears to be associated with considerable gene loss, there are many gene duplications associated with each sampled rust fungal genome. We also highlight two putative effector gene families that have expanded in Cqf that we hypothesize have roles in pathogenicity. C1 [Pendleton, Amanda L.; Burleigh, J. Gordon; Davis, John M.] Univ Florida, Plant Mol & Cell Biol Program, Gainesville, FL USA. [Smith, Katherine E.; Nelson, C. Dana] Southern Inst Forest Genet, USDA Forest Serv, Southern Research Stat, Saucier, MS USA. [Feau, Nicolas; Hamelin, Richard] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Martin, Francis M.] Univ Lorraine, UMR Inst Natl Rech Agronom, INRA Nancy, Lab Excellence ARBRE, Champenoux, France. [Grigoriev, Igor V.] Joint Genome Inst, US Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA USA. [Burleigh, J. Gordon] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Burleigh, J. Gordon; Davis, John M.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL USA. [Davis, John M.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Davis, JM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, 365 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jmdavis@ufl.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station [11-CA-11330126-120]; French National Research Agency through the Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE [ANR-11-LABX-0002-01]; Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX We acknowledge funding from the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station (Agreement 11-CA-11330126-120) (to John M. Davis). This work was partly supported by the French National Research Agency through the Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE (ANR-11-LABX-0002-01) (to Francis M. Martin). The work conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute is supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank the following fungal genome project PIs for pre-publication access to genome sequence information: Drs. Sharon Doty (Rhodotorula graminis) and Ken Wolfe (Sporobolomyces roseus). The Cqf genome assembly and annotations can be interactively accessed through the JGI fungal genome portal MycoCosm at jgi.doe.gov/Cronartium (unpublished). We acknowledge Alicia Clym and Andrea Aerts at JGI for their roles in assembling and annotating the Cqf reference genome, respectively. Dr. Annegret Kohler at INRA, as well as Dr. Alan Kuo at JGI, are acknowledged for their leading roles in the acquisition of mycorrhizal genome sequence data. NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 24 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JUN 26 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 299 DI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00299 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AM0AF UT WOS:000339504300001 PM 25018762 ER PT J AU Lu, SW AF Lu, Shunwen TI Zn2+ Blocks Annealing of Complementary Single-Stranded DNA in a Sequence-Selective Manner SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID STALLED REPLICATION FORKS; HUMAN GENOME; ZINC IONS; JUNK DNA; POTASSIUM; EVOLUTION; ELEMENTS; METALS; SODIUM; STRESS AB Zinc is the second most abundant trace element essential for all living organisms. In human body, 30-40% of the total zinc ion (Zn2+) is localized in the nucleus. Intranuclear free Zn2+ sparks caused by reactive oxygen species have been observed in eukaryotic cells, but question if these free Zn2+ outrages could have affected annealing of complementary single-stranded (ss) DNA, a crucial step in DNA synthesis, repair and recombination, has never been raised. Here the author reports that Zn2+ blocks annealing of complementary ssDNA in a sequence-selective manner under near-physiological conditions as demonstratedin vitro using a low-temperature EDTA-free agarose gel electrophoresis (LTEAGE) procedure. Specifically, it is shown that Zn2+ does not block annealing of repetitive DNA sequences lacking CG/GC sites that are the major components of junk DNA. It is also demonstrated that Zn2+ blocks end-joining of double-stranded (ds) DNA fragments with 39 overhangs mimicking double-strand breaks, and prevents renaturation of long stretches (> 1 kb) of denatured dsDNA, in which Zn2+-tolerant intronic DNA provides annealing protection on otherwise Zn2+-sensitive coding DNA. These findings raise a challenging hypothesis that Zn2+-ssDNA interaction might be among natural forces driving eukaryotic genomes to maintain the Zn2+-tolerant repetitive DNA for adapting to the Zn2+-rich nucleus. C1 USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Lu, SW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Shunwen.Lu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-21000-037-00D] FX The author thanks T. Lewandowski for assisting with PCR experiments and Dr. K.D. Kroncke and Dr. R.B. Franklin for kindly reviewing the original manuscript. This study was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-21000-037-00D (to S. Lu in part). NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JUN 26 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 5464 DI 10.1038/srep05464 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AJ7QT UT WOS:000337892000013 PM 24965053 ER PT J AU Bolton, SJ Klompen, H Bauchan, GR Ochoa, R AF Bolton, Samuel J. Klompen, Hans Bauchan, Gary R. Ochoa, Ronald TI A new genus and species of Nematalycidae (Acari: Endeostigmata) SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE low-temperature scanning electron microscopy; rutella; Sarcoptiformes; Nematalycidae; Endeostigmata AB Osperalycus tenerphagus, a new genus and species of Nematalycidae (Acari: Endeostigmata), is described from Ohio, USA, using light microscopy and low-temperature scanning electron microscopy. Specimens were extracted from two different loam soils. This genus can be readily distinguished from the other genera of Nematalycidae by the simple setae that line the opisthosoma. The mouthparts are especially distinct in possessing three-segmented palps, an unusual vessel-shaped structure, and rutella that overlap at the midline. The discovery of rutella in this genus and in two other genera indicates that the Nematalycidae can be more confidently assigned to the Endeostigmata (Sarcoptiformes). http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A64A6612-B66C-4814-80A9-3856DEBE8C46 C1 [Bolton, Samuel J.; Klompen, Hans] Ohio State Univ, Acarol Lab, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Bauchan, Gary R.] ARS, Electron & Confocal Microscope Unit, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ochoa, Ronald] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bolton, SJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Acarol Lab, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. EM samuel.bolton77@googlemail.com FU Smithsonian Institution FX This research was partly funded by the Smithsonian Institution (predoctoral fellowship) for SB. Chris Pooley presented and arranged the LT-SEM image plates. Thanks to the Field Museum, Chicago, for the loan of specimens for comparison. Thanks also to Cal Welbourn for useful suggestions, and to Julie Stehli for permission to collect from her land in Ashtabula County, Ohio, USA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA or The Ohio State University. Figures 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 in this publication are sourced from: US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Electron and Confocal Microscopy Unit, Beltsville, Maryland, USA. These images are in the public domain. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PD JUN 26 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 23-24 BP 1359 EP 1373 DI 10.1080/00222933.2013.859318 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AG1TJ UT WOS:000335198700001 ER PT J AU Dardick, C Callahan, AM AF Dardick, Chris Callahan, Ann M. TI Evolution of the fruit endocarp: molecular mechanisms underlying adaptations in seed protection and dispersal strategies SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fruit development; endocarp; dehiscence; lignification; fruit evolution ID MADS-BOX GENES; NAC TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; PEACH PRUNUS-PERSICA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PARTIALLY REDUNDANT; SHATTERPROOF GENES; OVULE DEVELOPMENT; CELL-SEPARATION; IDENTITY GENES AB Plant evolution is largely driven by adaptations in seed protection and dispersal strategies that allow diversification into new niches. This is evident by the tremendous variation in flowering and fruiting structures present both across and within different plant lineages. Within a single plant family a staggering variety of fruit types can be found such as fleshy fruits including berries, pomes, and drupes and dry fruit structures like achenes, capsules, and follicles. What are the evolutionary mechanisms that enable such dramatic shifts to occur in a relatively short period of time? This remains a fundamental question of plant biology today. On the surface it seems that these extreme differences in form and function must be the consequence of very different developmental programs that require unique sets of genes. Yet as we begin to decipher the molecular and genetic basis underlying fruit form it is becoming apparent that simple genetic changes in key developmental regulatory genes can have profound anatomical effects. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of fruit endocarp tissue differentiation that have contributed to species diversification within three plant lineages. C1 [Dardick, Chris; Callahan, Ann M.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25442 USA. RP Dardick, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25442 USA. EM chris.dardick@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 40 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD JUN 25 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 284 DI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00284 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AL9DU UT WOS:000339440600001 PM 25009543 ER PT J AU Aggarwal, R Subramanyam, S Zhao, CY Chen, MS Harris, MO Stuart, JJ AF Aggarwal, Rajat Subramanyam, Subhashree Zhao, Chaoyang Chen, Ming-Shun Harris, Marion O. Stuart, Jeff J. TI Avirulence Effector Discovery in a Plant Galling and Plant Parasitic Arthropod, the Hessian Fly (Mayetiola destructor) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE GENE H13; NEMATODE RESISTANCE; SALIVARY-GLANDS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; HOST-PLANT; PROTEINS; WHEAT; APHID; DEFENSE AB Highly specialized obligate plant-parasites exist within several groups of arthropods (insects and mites). Many of these are important pests, but the molecular basis of their parasitism and its evolution are poorly understood. One hypothesis is that plant parasitic arthropods use effector proteins to defeat basal plant immunity and modulate plant growth. Because avirulence (Avr) gene discovery is a reliable method of effector identification, we tested this hypothesis using high-resolution molecular genetic mapping of an Avr gene (vH13) in the Hessian fly (HF, Mayetiola destructor), an important gall midge pest of wheat (Triticum spp.). Chromosome walking resolved the position of vH13, and revealed alleles that determine whether HF larvae are virulent (survive) or avirulent (die) on wheat seedlings carrying the wheat H13 resistance gene. Association mapping found three independent insertions in vH13 that appear to be responsible for H13-virulence in field populations. We observed vH13 transcription in H13-avirulent larvae and the salivary glands of H13-avirulent larvae, but not in H13-virulent larvae. RNA-interference-knockdown of vH13 transcripts allowed some H13-avirulent larvae to escape H13-directed resistance. vH13 is the first Avr gene identified in an arthropod. It encodes a small modular protein with no sequence similarities to other proteins in GenBank. These data clearly support the hypothesis that an effector-based strategy has evolved in multiple lineages of plant parasites, including arthropods. C1 [Aggarwal, Rajat; Zhao, Chaoyang; Stuart, Jeff J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Subramanyam, Subhashree] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Harris, Marion O.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Stuart, JJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM stuartjj@purdue.edu OI Zhao, Chaoyang/0000-0003-3378-3163 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture [09-35302-05262] FX This work was supported by grant No. 09-35302-05262 from the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative of USDA's National Institute of Food and Agriculture (to J.J.S.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 32 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 25 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100958 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100958 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK8WO UT WOS:000338709500105 PM 24964065 ER PT J AU Gese, EM Thompson, CM AF Gese, Eric M. Thompson, Craig M. TI Does Habitat Heterogeneity in a Multi-Use Landscape Influence Survival Rates and Density of a Native Mesocarnivore? SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FOXES VULPES-VELOX; SWIFT FOXES; NORTHWESTERN TEXAS; SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; EASTERN COLORADO; OCCUPANCY RATES; WESTERN KANSAS; HOME-RANGE; COMMUNITY; GRASSLAND AB The relationships between predators, prey, and habitat have long been of interest to applied and basic ecologists. As a native Great Plains mesocarnivore of North America, swift foxes (Vulpes velox) depended on the historic disturbance regime to maintain open grassland habitat. With a decline in native grasslands and subsequent impacts to prairie specialists, notably the swift fox, understanding the influence of habitat on native predators is paramount to future management efforts. From 2001 to 2004, we investigated the influence of vegetation structure on swift fox population ecology (survival and density) on and around the Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, southeastern Colorado, USA. We monitored 109 foxes on 6 study sites exposed to 3 different disturbance regimes (military training, grazing, unused). On each site we evaluated vegetation structure based on shrub density, basal coverage, vegetation height, and litter. Across all sites, annual fox survival rates ranged from 0.50 to 0.92 for adults and 0.27 to 0.78 for juveniles. Among sites, population estimates ranged from 1 to 7 foxes per 10 km transect. Fox density or survival was not related to the relative abundance of prey. A robust model estimating fox population size and incorporating both shrub density and percent basal cover as explanatory variables far outperformed all other models. Our results supported the idea that, in our region, swift foxes were shortgrass prairie specialists and also indicated a relationship between habitat quality and landscape heterogeneity. We suggest the regulation of swift fox populations may be based on habitat quality through landscape-mediated survival, and managers may effectively use disturbance regimes to create or maintain habitat for this native mesocarnivore. C1 [Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Thompson, Craig M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Gese, EM (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM eric.gese@usu.edu RI Gese, Eric/B-4578-2011 FU United States Army, Directorate of Environmental Compliance and Management, Fort Carson, Colorado, through United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Colorado Assistance Office, Golden, Colorado; Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit at Utah State University; United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center at Utah State University, Logan, Utah FX Funding and logistical assistance was provided by the United States Army, Directorate of Environmental Compliance and Management, Fort Carson, Colorado, through the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, Colorado Assistance Office, Golden, Colorado, and the Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit at Utah State University. Additional support was provided by the United States Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center at Utah State University, Logan, Utah. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 34 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 25 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100500 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100500 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK8WO UT WOS:000338709500056 PM 24963713 ER PT J AU Tunick, MH Gummalla, S AF Tunick, Michael H. Gummalla, Sanjay TI Advances in the Understanding of Dairy and Cheese Flavors: Symposium Introduction SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PRODUCTS C1 [Tunick, Michael H.] ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Gummalla, Sanjay] Givaudan Flavors Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45216 USA. RP Tunick, MH (reprint author), ARS, Dairy & Funct Foods Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Michael.Tunick@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 25 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 25 SI SI BP 5717 EP 5718 DI 10.1021/jf403849f PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AK1OH UT WOS:000338183900001 PM 24911867 ER PT J AU Gammon, DB Duraffour, S Rozelle, DK Hehnly, H Sharma, R Sparks, ME West, CC Chen, Y Moresco, JJ Andrei, G Connor, JH Conte, D Gundersen-Rindal, DE Marshall, WL Yates, JR Silverman, N Mello, CC AF Gammon, Don B. Duraffour, Sophie Rozelle, Daniel K. Hehnly, Heidi Sharma, Rita Sparks, Michael E. West, Cara C. Chen, Ying Moresco, James J. Andrei, Graciela Connor, John H. Conte, Darryl, Jr. Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E. Marshall, William L. Yates, John R., III Silverman, Neal Mello, Craig C. TI A single vertebrate DNA virus protein disarms invertebrate immunity to RNA virus infection SO ELIFE LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; INNATE ANTIVIRAL IMMUNITY; VACCINIA VIRUS; SINDBIS VIRUS; VIRAL-INFECTION; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; LYMANTRIA-DISPAR; GENOMIC SEQUENCE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION C1 [Gammon, Don B.; Sharma, Rita; Chen, Ying; Conte, Darryl, Jr.; Mello, Craig C.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, RNA Therapeut Inst, Worcester, MA USA. [Duraffour, Sophie; Andrei, Graciela] Rega Inst Med Res, Leuven, Belgium. [Rozelle, Daniel K.; Connor, John H.] Boston Univ, Dept Microbiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hehnly, Heidi] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Program Mol Med, Worcester, MA USA. [Sparks, Michael E.; Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [West, Cara C.; Marshall, William L.; Silverman, Neal] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Med, Worcester, MA USA. [Moresco, James J.; Yates, John R., III] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Physiol Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Sharma, Rita; Mello, Craig C.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Mello, CC (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM craig.mello@umassmed.edu OI Moresco, James/0000-0003-1178-1642 NR 84 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELIFE SCIENCES PUBLICATIONS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA SHERATON HOUSE, CASTLE PARK, CAMBRIDGE, CB3 0AX, ENGLAND SN 2050-084X J9 ELIFE JI eLife PD JUN 25 PY 2014 VL 3 AR e02910 DI 10.7554/eLife.02910 PG 70 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AK9FQ UT WOS:000338733400002 ER PT J AU Rabbi, IY Hamblin, MT Kumar, PL Gedil, MA Ikpan, AS Jannink, JL Kulakow, PA AF Rabbi, Ismail Y. Hamblin, Martha T. Kumar, P. Lava Gedil, Melaku A. Ikpan, Andrew S. Jannink, Jean-Luc Kulakow, Peter A. TI High-resolution mapping of resistance to cassava mosaic geminiviruses in cassava using genotyping-by-sequencing and its implications for breeding SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Cassava mosaic disease; Breeding; Phenotyping; Monogenic resistance; Genotyping-by-sequencing; QTL ID MANIHOT-ESCULENTA CRANTZ; DURABLE RESISTANCE; VIRUS DISEASE; AFRICA; UGANDA; PLANTS; EAST; OPPORTUNITIES; IMPROVEMENT; VALIDATION AB Cassava mosaic disease (CMD), caused by different species of cassava mosaic geminiviruses (CMGs), is the most important disease of cassava in Africa and the Indian sub-continent. The cultivated cassava species is protected from CMD by polygenic resistance introgressed from the wild species Manihot glaziovii and a dominant monogenic type of resistance, named CMD2, discovered in African landraces. The ability of the monogenic resistance to confer high levels of resistance in different genetic backgrounds has led recently to its extensive usage in breeding across Africa as well as pre-emptive breeding in Latin America. However, most of the landraces carrying the monogenic resistance are morphologically very similar and come from a geographically restricted area of West Africa, raising the possibility that the diversity of the single-gene resistance could be very limited, or even located at a single locus. Several mapping studies, employing bulk segregant analysis, in different genetic backgrounds have reported additional molecular markers linked to supposedly new resistance genes. However, it is not possible to tell if these are indeed new genes in the absence adequate genetic map framework or allelism tests. To address this important question, a high-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) map of cassava was developed through genotyping-by-sequencing a bi-parental mapping population (N = 180) that segregates for the dominant monogenic resistance to CMD. Virus screening using PCR showed that CMD symptoms and presence of virus were strongly correlated (r = 0.98). Genome-wide scan and high-resolution composite interval mapping using 6756 SNPs uncovered a single locus with large effect (R-2 = 0.74). Projection of the previously published resistance-linked microsatellite markers showed that they co-occurred in the same chromosomal location surrounding the presently mapped resistance locus. Moreover, their relative distance to the mapped resistance locus correlated with the reported degree of linkage with the resistance phenotype. Cluster analysis of the landraces first shown to have this type of resistance revealed that they are very closely related, if not identical. These findings suggest that there is a single source of monogenic resistance in the crop's genepool tracing back to a common ancestral clone. In the absence of further resistance diversification, the long-term effectiveness of the single gene resistance is known to be precarious, given the potential to be overcome by CMGs due to their fast-paced evolutionary rate. However, combining the quantitative with the qualitative type of resistance may ensure that this resistance gene continues to offer protection to cassava, a crop that is depended upon by millions of people in Africa against the devastating onslaught of CMGs. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rabbi, Ismail Y.; Kumar, P. Lava; Gedil, Melaku A.; Ikpan, Andrew S.; Kulakow, Peter A.] IITA, Ibadan 200001, Oyo State, Nigeria. [Hamblin, Martha T.; Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] USDA ARS, RW Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Rabbi, IY (reprint author), IITA, PMB 5320,Oyo Rd, Ibadan 200001, Oyo State, Nigeria. OI Gedil, Melaku/0000-0002-6258-6014 FU CGIAR-Research Programme on Roots, Tubers and Bananas; "Next Generation Cassava Breeding Project", through Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Department for International Development of the United Kingdom FX This research was supported by the CGIAR-Research Programme on Roots, Tubers and Bananas and the "Next Generation Cassava Breeding Project", through funding from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Department for International Development of the United Kingdom. We acknowledge the help of Charlotte Acharya for preparation of GBS libraries and sequencing, and Oluwafemi Alaba for sample preparation and DNA extraction. NR 42 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 186 SI SI BP 87 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.12.028 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA AK7PF UT WOS:000338619500010 PM 24389096 ER PT J AU Gornicki, P Faris, JD AF Gornicki, Piotr Faris, Justin D. TI Rewiring the wheat reproductive system to harness heterosis for the next wave of yield improvement SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Gornicki, Piotr] Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Faris, Justin D.] ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Gornicki, P (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Mol Genet & Cell Biol, 920 E 58Th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM pg13@uchicago.edu NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 25 BP 9024 EP 9025 DI 10.1073/pnas.1407956111 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AJ5WJ UT WOS:000337760600020 PM 24963159 ER PT J AU Guanter, L Zhang, YG Jung, M Joiner, J Voigt, M Berry, JA Frankenberg, C Huete, AR Zarco-Tejada, P Lee, JE Moran, MS Ponce-Campos, G Beer, C Camps-Valls, G Buchmann, N Gianelle, D Klumpp, K Cescatti, A Baker, JM Griffis, TJ AF Guanter, Luis Zhang, Yongguang Jung, Martin Joiner, Joanna Voigt, Maximilian Berry, Joseph A. Frankenberg, Christian Huete, Alfredo R. Zarco-Tejada, Pablo Lee, Jung-Eun Moran, M. Susan Ponce-Campos, Guillermo Beer, Christian Camps-Valls, Gustavo Buchmann, Nina Gianelle, Damiano Klumpp, Katja Cescatti, Alessandro Baker, John M. Griffis, Timothy J. TI Reply to Magnani et al.: Linking large-scale chlorophyll fluorescence observations with cropland gross primary production SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Letter C1 [Guanter, Luis; Zhang, Yongguang; Voigt, Maximilian] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Space Sci, D-12165 Berlin, Germany. [Jung, Martin] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Dept Biogeochem Syst, D-07745 Jena, Germany. [Joiner, Joanna] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Atmospher Chem & Dynam, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Berry, Joseph A.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Frankenberg, Christian] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Huete, Alfredo R.] Univ Technol Sydney, Plant Funct Biol & Climate Change Cluster, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia. [Zarco-Tejada, Pablo] CSIC, Inst Agr Sostenible, Cordoba 14004, Spain. [Lee, Jung-Eun] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Moran, M. Susan; Ponce-Campos, Guillermo] ARS, Southwest Watershed Res, USDA, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Beer, Christian] Stockholm Univ, Dept Appl Environm Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Beer, Christian] Stockholm Univ, Bolin Ctr Climate Res, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Camps-Valls, Gustavo] Univ Valencia, Image Proc Lab, Valencia 46980, Spain. [Buchmann, Nina] ETH, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Gianelle, Damiano] Fdn Edmund Mach, Res & Innovat Ctr, Sustainable Agroecosyst & Bioresources Dept, I-38010 San Michele All Adige, Italy. [Klumpp, Katja] INRA, Grassland Ecosyst Res Unit, F-63122 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Cescatti, Alessandro] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, I-20127 Ispra, Italy. [Baker, John M.] ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Griffis, Timothy J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Guanter, L (reprint author), Free Univ Berlin, Inst Space Sci, D-12165 Berlin, Germany. EM luis.guanter@wew.fu-berlin.de RI Gianelle, Damiano/G-9437-2011; Griffis, Timothy/A-5707-2011; Zarco-Tejada, Pablo J./A-6874-2012; Guanter, Luis/I-1588-2015; Buchmann, Nina/E-6095-2011; Huete, Alfredo/C-1294-2008; Beer, Christian/D-2296-2013; Frankenberg, Christian/A-2944-2013; OI Gianelle, Damiano/0000-0001-7697-5793; Zarco-Tejada, Pablo J./0000-0003-1433-6165; Guanter, Luis/0000-0002-8389-5764; Huete, Alfredo/0000-0003-2809-2376; Frankenberg, Christian/0000-0002-0546-5857; Zhang, Yongguang/0000-0001-8286-300X NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 42 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 25 BP E2511 EP E2511 DI 10.1073/pnas.1406996111 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AJ5WJ UT WOS:000337760600002 PM 25093229 ER PT J AU Norrbom, AL Neder, LE AF Norrbom, Allen L. Estela Neder, Lilia TI New neotropical species of Trupanea (Diptera: Tephritidae) with unusual wing patterns SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Tephritidae; Tephritinae; taxonomy; host plant; Asteraceae AB Four species of Trupanea Shrank (Diptera: Tephritidae) with unusual wing patterns are described from the Neotropical Region: T. dimorphica (Argentina), T. fasciata (Argentina), T. polita (Argentina and Bolivia), and T. trivittata (Argentina). Celidosphenella Hendel, 1914 and Melanotrypana Hering, 1944 are considered new synonyms of Trupanea, and the following species are transferred from Celidosphenella to Trupanea: Acinia bella Blanchard, 1852; Acanthiophilus benoisti Seguy, 1933; Tephritis diespasmena Schiner, 1868; Celidosphenella maculata Hendel, 1914; Sphenella poecila Schiner, 1868; Trypanea simulata Malloch, 1933; Trupanea stonei Stuardo, 1946; and Trypanea vidua Hering, 1942. Aphyllocladus spartioides Wedd. (Asteraceae: Mutisieae) is reported as a probable host plant for Trupanea dimorphica. C1 [Norrbom, Allen L.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Estela Neder, Lilia] Univ Nacl Jujuy, CONICET, Inst Biol Altura, RA-4600 San Salvador De Jujuy, Jujuy, Argentina. RP Norrbom, AL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM allen.norrbom@ars.usda.gov; leneder@inbial.unju.edu.ar NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 3821 IS 4 BP 443 EP 456 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AJ5AH UT WOS:000337692000003 PM 24989757 ER PT J AU Ouyang, SH Zhang, D Han, J Zhao, XJ Cui, Y Song, W Huo, NX Liang, Y Xie, JZ Wang, ZZ Wu, QH Chen, YX Lu, P Zhang, DY Wang, LL Sun, H Yang, TM Keeble-Gagnere, G Appels, R Dolezel, J Ling, HQ Luo, MC Gu, YQ Sun, QX Liu, ZY AF Ouyang, Shuhong Zhang, Dong Han, Jun Zhao, Xiaojie Cui, Yu Song, Wei Huo, Naxin Liang, Yong Xie, Jingzhong Wang, Zhenzhong Wu, Qiuhong Chen, Yong-Xing Lu, Ping Zhang, De-Yun Wang, Lili Sun, Hua Yang, Tsomin Keeble-Gagnere, Gabriel Appels, Rudi Dolezel, Jaroslav Ling, Hong-Qing Luo, Mingcheng Gu, Yongqiang Sun, Qixin Liu, Zhiyong TI Fine Physical and Genetic Mapping of Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene MlIW172 Originating from Wild Emmer (Triticum dicoccoides) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TURGIDUM VAR. DICOCCOIDES; CHROMOSOME BIN MAP; SEQUENCE TAG LOCI; AESTIVUM L.; COMMON WHEAT; LEAF RUST; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; AEGILOPS-TAUSCHII; BREAD WHEAT; GENOME ANNOTATION AB Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most important wheat diseases in the world. In this study, a single dominant powdery mildew resistance gene MlIW172 was identified in the IW172 wild emmer accession and mapped to the distal region of chromosome arm 7AL (bin7AL-16-0.86-0.90) via molecular marker analysis. MlIW172 was closely linked with the RFLP probe Xpsr680-derived STS marker Xmag2185 and the EST markers BE405531 and BE637476. This suggested that MlIW172 might be allelic to the Pm1 locus or a new locus closely linked to Pm1. By screening genomic BAC library of durum wheat cv. Langdon and 7AL-specific BAC library of hexaploid wheat cv. Chinese Spring, and after analyzing genome scaffolds of Triticum urartu containing the marker sequences, additional markers were developed to construct a fine genetic linkage map on the MlIW172 locus region and to delineate the resistance gene within a 0.48 cM interval. Comparative genetics analyses using ESTs and RFLP probe sequences flanking the MlIW172 region against other grass species revealed a general co-linearity in this region with the orthologous genomic regions of rice chromosome 6, Brachypodium chromosome 1, and sorghum chromosome 10. However, orthologous resistance gene-like RGA sequences were only present in wheat and Brachypodium. The BAC contigs and sequence scaffolds that we have developed provide a framework for the physical mapping and map-based cloning of MlIW172. C1 [Ouyang, Shuhong; Zhang, Dong; Han, Jun; Zhao, Xiaojie; Cui, Yu; Song, Wei; Liang, Yong; Xie, Jingzhong; Wang, Zhenzhong; Wu, Qiuhong; Chen, Yong-Xing; Lu, Ping; Zhang, De-Yun; Wang, Lili; Yang, Tsomin; Sun, Qixin; Liu, Zhiyong] China Agr Univ, Key Lab Crop Heterosis Res & Utilizat, Beijing Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol,Minist Educ, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Han, Jun] China Agr Univ, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Song, Wei] Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, Maize Res Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Huo, Naxin; Gu, Yongqiang] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Sun, Hua; Ling, Hong-Qing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, State Key Lab Plant Cell & Chromosome Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Keeble-Gagnere, Gabriel; Appels, Rudi] Murdoch Univ, Perth, WA, Australia. [Dolezel, Jaroslav] Ctr Plant Struct & Funct Genom, Inst Expt Bot, Olomouc, Czech Republic. [Luo, Mingcheng] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Han, J (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Key Lab Crop Heterosis Res & Utilizat, Beijing Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, State Key Lab Agrobiotechnol,Minist Educ, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM hanjun4226@163.com; zhiyongliu@cau.edu.cn RI Dolezel, Jaroslav/B-7716-2008 OI Dolezel, Jaroslav/0000-0002-6263-0492 FU Ministry of Agriculture [2014ZX08009-006B]; Ministry of Science & Technology of China [2011AA100104]; National Science Foundation of China [31030056]; Ministry of Education of China [111-2-03]; Chinese Scholarship Council FX This work was financially supported by Ministry of Agriculture (2014ZX08009-006B), Ministry of Science & Technology of China (2011AA100104), the National Science Foundation of China (31030056), Ministry of Education of China (111-2-03), and Chinese Scholarship Council Fellowship (to Shuhong Ouyang). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, NR 70 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100160 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100160 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL1WV UT WOS:000338917900029 PM 24955773 ER PT J AU Sanford, JL Barski, SA Seen, CM Dickens, JC Shields, VDC AF Sanford, Jillian L. Barski, Sharon A. Seen, Christina M. Dickens, Joseph C. Shields, Vonnie D. C. TI Neurophysiological and Behavioral Responses of Gypsy Moth Larvae to Insect Repellents: DEET, IR3535, and Picaridin SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LYMANTRIA-DISPAR L.; AEDES-AEGYPTI; MOSQUITO REPELLENTS; LEPIDOPTERA LYMANTRIIDAE; SPECIALIST HERBIVORES; CELLULAR BASIS; BITTER TASTE; DETERRENT; RECEPTOR; GENERALIST AB The interactions between insect repellents and the olfactory system have been widely studied, however relatively little is known about the effects of repellents on the gustatory system of insects. In this study, we show that the gustatory receptor neuron (GRN) located in the medial styloconic sensilla on the maxillary palps of gypsy moth larvae, and known to be sensitive to feeding deterrents, also responds to the insect repellents DEET, IR3535, and picaridin. These repellents did not elicit responses in the lateral styloconic sensilla. Moreover, behavioral studies demonstrated that each repellent deterred feeding. This is the first study to show perception of insect repellents by the gustatory system of a lepidopteran larva and suggests that detection of a range of bitter or aversive compounds may be a broadly conserved feature among insects. C1 [Sanford, Jillian L.; Barski, Sharon A.; Seen, Christina M.; Shields, Vonnie D. C.] Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Insect Morphol & Physiol Lab, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Dickens, Joseph C.] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Shields, VDC (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Insect Morphol & Physiol Lab, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM vshields@towson.edu FU Towson University Graduate Student Association; NIH [1R15DC007609-01, 2R25GM058264-05A1]; Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Program - Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB) FX This work was supported by grants to J.L.S. (Towson University Graduate Student Association), and V. D. C. S. (NIH 1R15DC007609-01). S. B. and C. S. were supported by NIH grant 2R25GM058264-05A1. J.C.D. was supported partly by a grant from the Deployed War Fighter Protection (DWFP) Program funded by the Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board (AFPMB). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99924 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099924 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL1WV UT WOS:000338917900021 PM 24955823 ER PT J AU Xu, DH Shoemaker, CA LaFrentz, BR AF Xu, De-Hai Shoemaker, Craig A. LaFrentz, Benjamin R. TI Enhanced susceptibility of hybrid tilapia to Flavobacterium columnare after parasitism by Ichthyophthirius multifiliis SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Disease; Flavobacterium columnare; Ichthyophthirius multifiliis; qPCR; Bacterial load; Parasite-bacterium interaction ID CATFISH ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; CHONDROITIN AC LYASE; CHANNEL CATFISH; RAINBOW-TROUT; NILE TILAPIA; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; CHALLENGE MODEL; INFECTION; FISH AB Bacterium Flavobacterium columnare and protozoan Ichthyophthirius multifiliis are two common pathogens of cultured fish. The objective of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of hybrid tilapia (Oreochromis spp.) to F. columnare, including fish mortality and bacterial loads in fish gill and kidney after parasitism by I. multifiliis. Fish received the following treatments: 1) non-infected control; 2) infected by I. multifiliis at 30,000 theronts fish(-1) alone; 3) infected by F. columnare ALM-05-53 at 4.59 x 10(7) CFU mL(-1) alone; 4) infected by I. multifiliis at 30,000 theronts fish(-1) and exposed to F. columnare ALM-05-53 at 4.59 x 10(7) CFU mL-1; 5) infected by F. columnare TN-3-2012 at 4.27 x 10(7) CFU mL(-1) alone; and 6) infected by I. multifiliis at 30,000 theronts fish(-1) and exposed to F. columnare TN-3-2012 at 4.27 x 10(7) CFU mL(-1). F. columnare in fish tissues were quantified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and reported as genome equivalents per mg of tissue (GEs mg(-1)). The results demonstrated that the I. multifiliis-parasitized tilapia showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher mortality (60.4%) when exposed to F. columnare ALM-05-53 than non-parasitized fish (29.1%). The bacterial loads of F. columnare ALM-05-53 in fish infected by 30,000 theronts fish(-1) were >= 5703 GEs mg(-1) which was between 13 and 17 fold higher than those of non-parasitized fish (<= 472 GEs mg(-1)). Similarly, parasitized tilapia showed significantly higher mortality (25%) and bacterial loads (>= 1586 GEs mg(-1)) at day 3 post-exposure to F. columnare TN-3-2012 than non-parasitized fish (0% and <= 197 GEs mg(-1)). I. multifiliis parasitism of tilapia enhanced F. columnare invasion and resulted in higher fish mortality. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Xu, De-Hai; Shoemaker, Craig A.; LaFrentz, Benjamin R.] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Xu, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, 990 Wire Rd, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM dehai.xu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS Project [6420-32000-024-00D] FX The authors are grateful to Dr. Huseyin Kucuktas, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University and Dr. Dunhua Zhang, USDA, ARS, Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit for valuable comments to improve the manuscript. We gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of Jana Mladek, Paige Mumma and the management team of the Aquatic Animal Health Research Unit aquatic facility for daily care and management of fish. This research was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS Project #6420-32000-024-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD JUN 20 PY 2014 VL 430 BP 44 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.03.041 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AI0UG UT WOS:000336564900007 ER PT J AU Raich, JW Clark, DA Schwendenmann, L Wood, TE AF Raich, James W. Clark, Deborah A. Schwendenmann, Luitgard Wood, Tana E. TI Aboveground Tree Growth Varies with Belowground Carbon Allocation in a Tropical Rainforest Environment SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; LOWLAND COSTA-RICA; SOIL RESPIRATION; SHOOT RATIOS; LA-SELVA; NITROGEN; ROOT; CO2; PLANTATIONS; LIMITATION AB Young secondary forests and plantations in the moist tropics often have rapid rates of biomass accumulation and thus sequester large amounts of carbon. Here, we compare results from mature forest and nearby 15-20 year old tree plantations in lowland Costa Rica to evaluate differences in allocation of carbon to aboveground production and root systems. We found that the tree plantations, which had fully developed, closed canopies, allocated more carbon belowground - to their root systems - than did mature forest. This increase in belowground carbon allocation correlated significantly with aboveground tree growth but not with canopy production (i.e., leaf fall or fine litter production). In contrast, there were no correlations between canopy production and either tree growth or belowground carbon allocation. Enhanced allocation of carbon to root systems can enhance plant nutrient uptake, providing nutrients beyond those required for the production of short-lived tissues such as leaves and fine roots, and thus enabling biomass accumulation. Our analyses support this deduction at our site, showing that enhanced allocation of carbon to root systems can be an important mechanism promoting biomass accumulation during forest growth in the moist tropics. Identifying factors that control when, where and for how long this occurs would help us to improve models of forest growth and nutrient cycling, and to ascertain the role that young forests play in mitigating increased atmospheric carbon dioxide. C1 [Raich, James W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Clark, Deborah A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Schwendenmann, Luitgard] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Wood, Tana E.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Wood, Tana E.] Fdn Puertorriquena Conservac, San Juan, PR USA. RP Raich, JW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jraich@iastate.edu OI Schwendenmann, Luitgard/0000-0002-2290-3003 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-9629245, BCE-0421178, EAR-0421178, DEB-0841872, DEB-0236502, DEB-0703561]; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-96ER62289]; Andrew W. Mellon Foundation; Conservation International's TEAM Initiative; University of Virginia FX Funding for measurements of the mature forest plots was provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation (http://www.nsf.gov) grants DEB-9629245, BCE-0421178, EAR-0421178 and DEB-0841872; the U.S. Department of Energy (http://science.energy.gov/funding-opportunities/find-funding/) grant DE-FG02-96ER62289; the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation (http://www.mellon.org/grant_programs/programs); and Conservation International's TEAM Initiative (http://www.conservation.org). Plantation studies were funded by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DEB-0236502 and DEB-0703561. Leaf fall N studies were funded by the University of Virginia. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 50 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 19 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100275 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100275 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN6QP UT WOS:000340721500057 PM 24945351 ER PT J AU Parks, SA Parisien, MA Miller, C Dobrowski, SZ AF Parks, Sean A. Parisien, Marc-Andre Miller, Carol Dobrowski, Solomon Z. TI Fire Activity and Severity in the Western US Vary along Proxy Gradients Representing Fuel Amount and Fuel Moisture SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID QUANTIFYING BURN SEVERITY; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; WILDLAND FIRE; WATER-BALANCE; WILDFIRE; REGIMES; DISTURBANCE AB Numerous theoretical and empirical studies have shown that wildfire activity (e.g., area burned) at regional to global scales may be limited at the extremes of environmental gradients such as productivity or moisture. Fire activity, however, represents only one component of the fire regime, and no studies to date have characterized fire severity along such gradients. Given the importance of fire severity in dictating ecological response to fire, this is a considerable knowledge gap. For the western US, we quantify relationships between climate and the fire regime by empirically describing both fire activity and severity along two climatic water balance gradients, actual evapotranspiration (AET) and water deficit (WD), that can be considered proxies for fuel amount and fuel moisture, respectively. We also concurrently summarize fire activity and severity among ecoregions, providing an empirically based description of the geographic distribution of fire regimes. Our results show that fire activity in the western US increases with fuel amount (represented by AET) but has a unimodal (i.e., humped) relationship with fuel moisture (represented by WD); fire severity increases with fuel amount and fuel moisture. The explicit links between fire regime components and physical environmental gradients suggest that multivariable statistical models can be generated to produce an empirically based fire regime map for the western US. Such models will potentially enable researchers to anticipate climate-mediated changes in fire recurrence and its impacts based on gridded spatial data representing future climate scenarios. C1 [Parks, Sean A.; Miller, Carol] USDA, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59803 USA. [Parisien, Marc-Andre] Canadian Forest Serv, Nat Resources Canada, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Dobrowski, Solomon Z.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Forest Management, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Parks, SA (reprint author), USDA, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59803 USA. EM sean_parks@fs.fed.us FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service FX This research was conducted with National Fire Plan funds provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 67 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 18 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99699 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099699 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK6AC UT WOS:000338508200036 PM 24941290 ER PT J AU Johnson, ET Skory, C Dowd, PF AF Johnson, Eric T. Skory, Christopher Dowd, Patrick F. TI Identification of a Bioactive Bowman-Birk Inhibitor from an Insect-Resistant Early Maize Inbred SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE defense; metallothionein; trypsin inhibition; reactive oxygen species; ribosome-inactivating protein ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PROTEINASE-INHIBITORS; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; FALL ARMYWORM; LEPIDOPTERA; GENES; DETOXIFICATION; ACCUMULATION; ADAPTATION AB Breeding of maize, Zea mays, has improved insect resistance, but the genetic and biochemical basis of many of these improvements is unknown. Maize oligonucleotide microarrays were utilized to identify differentially expressed genes in leaves of three maize inbreds, parents Oh40B and W8 and progeny Oh43, developed in the 1940s. Oh43 had enhanced leaf resistance to corn earworm larvae, Helicoverpa zea, and fall armyworm larvae, Spodoptera frugiperda, compared to one or both parents. Among ca. 100 significantly differentially expressed genes, expression of a Bowman-Birk trypsin inhibitor (BBI) gene was at least ca. 8-fold higher in Oh43 than in either parent. The Oh43 BBI gene was expressed as a recombinant protein. Purified BBI inhibited trypsin and the growth of fall armyworm larvae when added to insect diet. These experiments, indicate that comparative gene expression analysis combined with insect resistance measurements of early inbreds can identify previously unrecognized resistance genes. C1 [Johnson, Eric T.; Dowd, Patrick F.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Skory, Christopher] ARS, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Johnson, ET (reprint author), ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM eric.johnson2@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229 FU CRIS Project [3620-42000-041-00D] FX The study was supported by CRIS Project 3620-42000-041-00D base funds. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this paper is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 18 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 24 BP 5458 EP 5465 DI 10.1021/jf501396q PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AJ5KC UT WOS:000337720100008 PM 24869634 ER PT J AU Chang, S Thurber, CS Brown, PJ Hartman, GL Lambert, KN Domier, LL AF Chang, Sungyul Thurber, Carrie S. Brown, Patrick J. Hartman, Glen L. Lambert, Kris N. Domier, Leslie L. TI Comparative Mapping of the Wild Perennial Glycine latifolia and Soybean (G. max) Reveals Extensive Chromosome Rearrangements in the Genus Glycine SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GENOMIC RELATIONSHIPS; TOMENTELLA HAYATA; L MERR; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; PLANTS; RUST; LEGUMINOSAE AB Soybean (Glycine max L. Mer.), like many cultivated crops, has a relatively narrow genetic base and lacks diversity for some economically important traits. Glycine latifolia (Benth.) Newell & Hymowitz, one of the 26 perennial wild Glycine species related to soybean in the subgenus Glycine Willd., shows high levels of resistance to multiple soybean pathogens and pests including Alfalfa mosaic virus, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary. However, limited information is available on the genomes of these perennial Glycine species. To generate molecular resources for gene mapping and identification, high-density linkage maps were constructed for G. latifolia using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by genotyping by sequencing and evaluated in an F-2 population and confirmed in an F-5 population. In each population, greater than 2,300 SNP markers were selected for analysis and segregated to form 20 large linkage groups. Marker orders were similar in the F-2 and F-5 populations. The relationships between G. latifolia linkage groups and G. max and common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) chromosomes were examined by aligning SNP-containing sequences from G. latifolia to the genome sequences of G. max and P. vulgaris. Twelve of the 20 G. latifolia linkage groups were nearly collinear with G. max chromosomes. The remaining eight G. latifolia linkage groups appeared to be products of multiple interchromosomal translocations relative to G. max. Large syntenic blocks also were observed between G. latifolia and P. vulgaris. These experiments are the first to compare genome organizations among annual and perennial Glycine species and common bean. The development of molecular resources for species closely related to G. max provides information into the evolution of genomes within the genus Glycine and tools to identify genes within perennial wild relatives of cultivated soybean that could be beneficial to soybean production. C1 [Chang, Sungyul; Thurber, Carrie S.; Brown, Patrick J.; Hartman, Glen L.; Lambert, Kris N.; Domier, Leslie L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.; Domier, Leslie L.] ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL USA. RP Domier, LL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM leslie.domier@ars.usda.gov FU National Sclerotinia Initiative; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX This study was supported by funding from the National Sclerotinia Initiative and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99427 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099427 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK5YM UT WOS:000338503400017 PM 24937645 ER PT J AU Zhang, LZ Jia, SG Yang, MJ Xu, Y Li, CJ Sun, JJ Huang, YZ Lan, XY Lei, CZ Zhou, Y Zhang, CL Zhao, X Chen, H AF Zhang, Liangzhi Jia, Shangang Yang, Mingjuan Xu, Yao Li, Congjun Sun, Jiajie Huang, Yongzhen Lan, Xianyong Lei, Chuzhao Zhou, Yang Zhang, Chunlei Zhao, Xin Chen, Hong TI Detection of copy number variations and their effects in Chinese bulls SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Copy number variations; Bos taurus; Bos grunniens; Bubalus bubalis; Gene expression ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SEGMENTAL DUPLICATIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; BOVINE GENOME; HUMAN-DISEASE; HIGH-ALTITUDE; ANIMAL QTLDB; BOS-TAURUS; YAK GENOME AB Background: Copy number variations (CNVs) are a main source of genomic structural variations underlying animal evolution and production traits. Here, with one pure-blooded Angus bull as reference, we describe a genome-wide analysis of CNVs based on comparative genomic hybridization arrays in 29 Chinese domesticated bulls and examined their effects on gene expression and cattle growth traits. Results: We identified 486 copy number variable regions (CNVRs), covering 2.45% of the bovine genome, in 24 taurine (Bos taurus), together with 161 ones in 2 yaks (Bos grunniens) and 163 ones in 3 buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). Totally, we discovered 605 integrated CNVRs, with more "loss" events than both "gain" and "both" ones, and clearly clustered them into three cattle groups. Interestingly, we confirmed their uneven distributions across chromosomes, and the differences of mitochondrion DNA copy number (gain: taurine, loss: yak & buffalo). Furthermore, we confirmed approximately 41.8% (253/605) and 70.6% (427/605) CNVRs span cattle genes and quantitative trait loci (QTLs), respectively. Finally, we confirmed 6 CNVRs in 9 chosen ones by using quantitative PCR, and further demonstrated that CNVR22 had significantly negative effects on expression of PLA2G2D gene, and both CNVR22 and CNVR310 were associated with body measurements in Chinese cattle, suggesting their key effects on gene expression and cattle traits. Conclusions: The results advanced our understanding of CNV as an important genomic structural variation in taurine, yak and buffalo. This study provides a highly valuable resource for Chinese cattle's evolution and breeding researches. C1 [Zhang, Liangzhi; Jia, Shangang; Yang, Mingjuan; Xu, Yao; Sun, Jiajie; Huang, Yongzhen; Lan, Xianyong; Lei, Chuzhao; Zhou, Yang; Zhao, Xin; Chen, Hong] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Congjun] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Zhang, Chunlei] Jiangsu Normal Univ, Inst Cellular & Mol Biol, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Jia, Shangang] KAUST, Red Sea Res Ctr, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia. RP Chen, H (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Shaanxi Key Lab Mol Biol Agr, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM chenhong1212@263.net FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30972080, 31272408]; Program of National Beef Cattle Industrial Technology System [CARS-38]; National 863 Program of China [2013AA102505] FX This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30972080, No. 31272408), Program of National Beef Cattle Industrial Technology System (CARS-38), and National 863 Program of China (Grant No. 2013AA102505). NR 65 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 29 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 480 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-480 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AK2JI UT WOS:000338245000001 PM 24935859 ER PT J AU Goss, EM Tabima, JF Cooke, DEL Restrepo, S Fry, WE Forbes, GA Fieland, VJ Cardenas, M Grunwald, NJ AF Goss, Erica M. Tabima, Javier F. Cooke, David E. L. Restrepo, Silvia Fry, William E. Forbes, Gregory A. Fieland, Valerie J. Cardenas, Martha Gruenwald, Niklaus J. TI The Irish potato famine pathogen Phytophthora infestans originated in central Mexico rather than the Andes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE biological invasion; coalescent analysis; oomycete; population genetics; stramenopile ID APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; TOLUCA VALLEY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SP NOV.; BLIGHT; FUNGUS; MIGRATION; INFERENCE AB Phytophthora infestans is a destructive plant pathogen best known for causing the disease that triggered the Irish potato famine and remains the most costly potato pathogen to manage worldwide. Identification of P. infestan's elusive center of origin is critical to understanding the mechanisms of repeated global emergence of this pathogen. There are two competing theories, placing the origin in either South America or in central Mexico, both of which are centers of diversity of Solanum host plants. To test these competing hypotheses, we conducted detailed phylogeographic and approximate Bayesian computation analyses, which are suitable approaches to unraveling complex demographic histories. Our analyses used microsatellite markers and sequences of four nuclear genes sampled from populations in the Andes, Mexico, and elsewhere. To infer the ancestral state, we included the closest known relatives Phytophthora phaseoli, Phytophthora mirabilis, and Phytophthora ipomoeae, as well as the interspecific hybrid Phytophthora andina. We did not find support for an Andean origin of P. infestans; rather, the sequence data suggest a Mexican origin. Our findings support the hypothesis that populations found in the Andes are descendants of the Mexican populations and reconcile previous findings of ancestral variation in the Andes. Although centers of origin are well documented as centers of evolution and diversity for numerous crop plants, the number of plant pathogens with a known geographic origin are limited. This work has important implications for our understanding of the coevolution of hosts and pathogens, as well as the harnessing of plant disease resistance to manage late blight. C1 [Goss, Erica M.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Goss, Erica M.] Univ Florida, Emerging Pathogens Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Tabima, Javier F.; Fieland, Valerie J.; Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cooke, David E. L.] James Hutton Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Restrepo, Silvia; Cardenas, Martha] Univ Andes, Dept Biol Sci, Bogota 110321, Colombia. [Fry, William E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Forbes, Gregory A.] Int Potato Ctr, CIP China Ctr Asia & Pacific, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Biol & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Grunwald, NJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM grunwaln@science.oregonstate.edu RI Cooke, David/D-1933-2012; Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013; OI Cooke, David/0000-0002-9154-7954; Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602; Restrepo, Silvia/0000-0001-9016-1040; Tabima, Javier/0000-0002-3603-2691 FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Grant [5358-22000-039-00D]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant [2011-68004-30154]; Scottish Government FX We are grateful to the many colleagues who provided isolates for this study. We thank Karan Fairchild, Kevin Myers, Caroline Press, and Naomi Williams for maintenance of the cultures and general technical support. This research is supported in part by US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service Grant 5358-22000-039-00D, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant 2011-68004-30154 (to N.J.G.), and the Scottish Government (D.E.L.C.). NR 69 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 136 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 24 BP 8791 EP 8796 DI 10.1073/pnas.1401884111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AI9XO UT WOS:000337300100031 PM 24889615 ER PT J AU Su, CH Ryu, D Crow, WT Western, AW AF Su, Chun-Hsu Ryu, Dongryeol Crow, Wade T. Western, Andrew W. TI Beyond triple collocation: Applications to soil moisture monitoring SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE error estimation; calibration; rescaling; instrumental variables; triple collocation; satellite soil moisture ID INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLES; AMSR-E; ERROR CHARACTERIZATION; SAMPLE PROPERTIES; SATELLITE; RETRIEVALS; VALIDATION; ESTIMATOR; MOMENTS; EUROPE AB Triple collocation (TC) is routinely used to resolve approximated linear relationships between different measurements (or representations) of a geophysical variable that are subject to errors. It has been utilized in the context of calibration, validation, bias correction, and error characterization to allow comparisons of diverse data records from various direct and indirect measurement techniques including in situ remote sensing and model-based approaches. However, successful applications of TC require sufficiently large numbers of coincident data points from three independent time series and, within the analysis period, homogeneity of their linear relationships and error structures. These conditions are difficult to realize in practice due to infrequent spatiotemporal sampling of satellite and ground-based sensors. TC can, however, be generalized within the framework of instrumental variable (IV) regression theory to address some of the conceptual constraints of TC. We review the theoretics of IV and consider one possible strategy to circumvent the three-data constraint by use of lagged variables (LV) as instruments. This particular implementation of IV is suitable for circumstances where multiple data records are limited and the geophysical variable of interest is sampled at time intervals shorter than its temporal correlation length. As a demonstration of utility, the LV method is applied to microwave satellite soil moisture data sets to recover their errors over Australia and to estimate temporal properties of their relationships with in situ and model data. These results are compared against standard two-data linear estimators and the TC estimator as benchmark. C1 [Su, Chun-Hsu; Ryu, Dongryeol; Western, Andrew W.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. [Crow, Wade T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Su, CH (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Infrastruct Engn, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. EM csu@unimelb.edu.au RI Western, Andrew/G-1730-2011; Su, Chun-Hsu/C-2076-2014; Ryu, Dongryeol/C-5903-2008 OI Western, Andrew/0000-0003-4982-146X; Su, Chun-Hsu/0000-0003-2504-0466; Ryu, Dongryeol/0000-0002-5335-6209 FU Australian Research Council (ARC) [LP110200520] FX We thank three anonymous reviewers and Shelly Chua for their valuable comments on the manuscript. We are grateful to all who contributed to the data sets used in this study. Kyeamba in situ data were produced by Jeff Walker and colleagues at Monash University and the University of Melbourne who have been involved in the OzNet program. AMSR-E data were produced by Richard de Jeu and colleagues at Vrije University Amsterdam and NASA. ASCAT level 3 data were produced by the Vienna University of Technology within the framework of EUMETSAT's Satellite Application Facility on Support of Operational Hydrology and Water Management from MetOp-A observations. The MERRA-Land was provided by NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC). National soil data were provided by the Australian Collaborative Land Evaluation Program, ACLEP, endorsed through the National Committee on Soil and Terrain NCST (www.clw.csiro.au/aclep). This research was conducted with financial support from the Australian Research Council (ARC Linkage Project LP110200520). NR 48 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JUN 16 PY 2014 VL 119 IS 11 BP 6419 EP 6439 DI 10.1002/2013JD021043 PG 21 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AJ8RK UT WOS:000337974500010 ER PT J AU Hu, YB Bellaloui, N Sun, GY Tigabu, M Wang, JH AF Hu, Yanbo Bellaloui, Nacer Sun, Guangyu Tigabu, Mulualem Wang, Jinghong TI Exogenous sodium sulfide improves morphological and physiological responses of a hybrid Populus species to nitrogen dioxide SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen dioxide; Nitrate reductase activity; Photosynthesis; Populus trees; Sodium sulfide ID FREE AMINO-ACIDS; NITRATE REDUCTASE; SOYBEAN LEAVES; ABSCISIC-ACID; ASCORBIC-ACID; GAS-EXCHANGE; CO2 EXCHANGE; NO2; PLANTS; SEEDLINGS AB Gaseous nitrogen dioxide (NO2) can disturb normal plant growth and trigger complex physiological responses. NO2-induced responses are influenced by biotic or abiotic factors. In this study, we investigated the effects of exogenous sodium sulfide (Na2S, 5 mmol L-1) on epidermis and stomata related physicochemical responses of hybrid poplar cuttings (Pouplus alba x P. berolinensis) to gaseous NO2 (4 mu l 1(-1)) for three time periods (0, 14 and 48 h). We also investigated hydrogen sulfide (H2S), nitrate-nitrogen and nitrate reductase activity (NR) in control and Na2S treated plants. Our results showed that NO2 exposure for 48 h led to the decline of NR, maximal PSII quantum yield (F-v/F-m), net photosynthetic rate (P-n), and dark respiration rate (R-d). The maximum rate for the post-illumination carbon dioxide burst (PIB) occurred in 48-h exposed leaves 13-15 s after darkening. Moreover, NO2 exposure resulted in a significant increase in nitrogen percentage (from 0 to 33%) and a decrease in the macro and microelements of leaf surface. Spraying Na2S aqueous solution on the leaf surfaces significantly increased the thicknesses of palisade/spongy tissue and H2S content. Na2S pretreatment alleviated NO2-caused toxic effects as indicated by increased NR and higher values of P-n, F-v/F-m, and actual photochemical efficiency in light (Phi PSII) compared with the control. Na2S pretreatment had no significant impacts on PIB-based photorespiration or elements composition of a leaf surface. (C) 2013 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Hu, Yanbo; Sun, Guangyu] Northeast Forestry Univ, Coll Life Sci, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. [Bellaloui, Nacer] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Tigabu, Mulualem] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, SE-23050 Alnarp, Sweden. [Wang, Jinghong] Northeast Forestry Univ, Coll Landscape, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. RP Hu, YB (reprint author), Northeast Forestry Univ, 26 Hexing Rd,POB 123, Harbin 150040, Peoples R China. EM huybnefu@yahoo.com; sungy@vip.sina.com RI Hu, Yanbo/G-9095-2011; OI Hu, Yanbo/0000-0001-6379-0060 FU National Natural Science Foundation [31300506]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2572014CA24] FX This work was supported by grants from 'National Natural Science Foundation' (Grant No. 31300506) and 'Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities' (Grant No. 2572014CA24). The authors gratefully acknowledge Mr. Thomas D. Dahmer for language correcting the manuscript. NR 62 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 EI 1618-1328 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 171 IS 10 BP 868 EP 875 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2013.10.018 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU5DX UT WOS:000345628400011 PM 24635903 ER PT J AU Rutkowsky, JM Knotts, TA Ono-Moore, KD McCoin, CS Huang, SR Schneider, D Singh, S Adams, SH Hwang, DH AF Rutkowsky, Jennifer M. Knotts, Trina A. Ono-Moore, Kikumi D. McCoin, Colin S. Huang, Shurong Schneider, Dina Singh, Shamsher Adams, Sean H. Hwang, Daniel H. TI Acylcarnitines activate proinflammatory signaling pathways SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE acylcarnitine; inflammation; pattern recognition receptors; TLR; beta-oxidation ID INDUCED INSULIN-RESISTANCE; SATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-2; KAPPA-B; LIPOTOXICITY; EXPRESSION; OXIDATION; MYOTUBES; OBESITY AB Incomplete beta-oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria is a feature of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous studies revealed that plasma concentrations of medium-and long-chain acylcarnitines (by-products of incomplete beta-oxidation) are elevated in T2DM and insulin resistance. In a previous study, we reported that mixed D, L isomers of C12- or C14-carnitine induced an NF-kappa B-luciferase reporter gene in RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting potential activation of proinflammatory pathways. Here, we determined whether the physiologically relevant L-acylcarnitines activate classical proinflammatory signaling pathways and if these outcomes involve pattern recognition receptor (PRR)-associated pathways. Acylcarnitines induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in a chain length-dependent manner in RAW 264.7 cells. L-C14 carnitine (5-25 mu M), used as a representative acylcarnitine, stimulated the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, L-C14 carnitine induced phosphorylation of JNK and ERK, common downstream components of many proinflammatory signaling pathways including PRRs. Knockdown of MyD88, a key cofactor in PRR signaling and inflammation, blunted the proinflammatory effects of acylcarnitine. While these results point to potential involvement of PRRs, L-C14 carnitine promoted IL-8 secretion from human epithelial cells (HCT-116) lacking Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and -4, and did not activate reporter constructs in TLR overexpression cell models. Thus, acylcarnitines have the potential to activate inflammation, but the specific molecular and tissue target(s) involved remain to be identified. C1 [Rutkowsky, Jennifer M.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Cell Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Knotts, Trina A.; Adams, Sean H.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. [Knotts, Trina A.; Ono-Moore, Kikumi D.; Adams, Sean H.; Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ono-Moore, Kikumi D.; Adams, Sean H.; Hwang, Daniel H.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Nutr Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McCoin, Colin S.; Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Mol Cellular & Integrat Physiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Huang, Shurong; Schneider, Dina; Singh, Shamsher; Hwang, Daniel H.] ARS, Immun & Dis Prevent Res Unit, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA USA. RP Adams, SH (reprint author), USDA ARS WHNRC, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sean.h.adams@ars.usda.gov; daniel.hwang@ars.usda.gov OI Schneider, Dina/0000-0002-5276-3304; McCoin, Colin/0000-0002-8557-6441 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service Intramural [5306-51530-019-00, 5306-51530-017-00D]; NIH-NIDDK [R01DK078328, R01DK078328-02S1, DK064007]; International Life Sciences Institute Future Leader Award; American Diabetes Association [1-12-BS-02] FX This work was supported by USDA-Agricultural Research Service Intramural Projects 5306-51530-019-00 and 5306-51530-017-00D, NIH-NIDDK R01DK078328 (SHA) and R01DK078328-02S1 (SHA, DHH), DK064007 (DHH), an International Life Sciences Institute Future Leader Award (SHA) and American Diabetes Association Grant 1-12-BS-02 (SHA, DHH). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 5 U2 13 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 EI 1522-1555 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 306 IS 12 BP E1378 EP E1387 DI 10.1152/ajpendo.00656.2013 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA AK4UD UT WOS:000338418700004 PM 24760988 ER PT J AU Eicher, S Miller, LC Sordillo, LM AF Eicher, Susan Miller, Laura C. Sordillo, Lorraine M. TI Dual purpose with dual benefit research models in veterinary and biomedical research Preface SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Eicher, Susan] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Miller, Laura C.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Sordillo, Lorraine M.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Eicher, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, 125 S Russell St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Susan.Eicher@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 159 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 111 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.02.006 PG 2 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ6BC UT WOS:000337773700001 PM 24629768 ER PT J AU Waters, WR Maggioli, MF McGill, JL Lyashchenko, KP Palmer, MV AF Waters, W. Ray Maggioli, Mayara F. McGill, Jodi L. Lyashchenko, Konstantin P. Palmer, Mitchell V. TI Relevance of bovine tuberculosis research to the understanding of human disease: Historical perspectives, approaches, and immunologic mechanisms SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bovine tuberculosis; Central memory T cells; Multi-functional T cells; gamma delta T cells; IL-17; IP-10; M. bovis specific antibody ID DELTA-T-CELLS; BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN; GAMMA-INTERFERON PRODUCTION; ANTIBODY-MEDIATED IMMUNITY; INFECTED DENDRITIC CELLS; BCG-VACCINATED CATTLE; MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS; IFN-GAMMA; B-CELLS; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS AB Pioneer studies on infectious disease and immunology by Jenner, Pasteur, Koch, Von Behring, Nocard, Roux, and Ehrlich forged a path for the dual-purpose with dual benefit approach, demonstrating a profound relevance of veterinary studies for biomedical applications. Tuberculosis (TB), primarily due to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in humans and Mycobacterium bovis in cattle, is an exemplary model for the demonstration of this concept. Early studies with cattle were instrumental in the development of the use of Koch's tuberculin as an in vivo measure of cell-mediated immunity for diagnostic purposes. Calmette and Guerin demonstrated the efficacy of an attenuated M. bovis strain (BCG) in cattle prior to use of this vaccine in humans. The interferon-gamma release assay, now widely used for TB diagnosis in humans, was developed circa 1990 for use in the Australian bovine TB eradication program. More recently, M. bovis infection and vaccine efficacy studies with cattle have demonstrated a correlation of vaccine-elicited T cell central memory (T-CM) responses to vaccine efficacy, correlation of specific antibody to mycobacterial burden and lesion severity, and detection of antigen-specific IL-17 responses to vaccination and infection. Additionally, positive prognostic indicators of bovine TB vaccine efficacy (i.e., responses measured after infection) include: reduced antigen-specific IFN-gamma, iNOS, IL-4, and MIP1-alpha responses; reduced antigen-specific expansion of CD4(+) T cells; and a diminished activation profile on T cells within antigen stimulated cultures. Delayed type hypersensitivity and IFN-gamma responses correlate with infection but do not necessarily correlate with lesion severity whereas antibody responses generally correlate with lesion severity. Recently, serologic tests have emerged for the detection of tuberculous animals, particularly elephants, captive cervids, and camelids. B cell aggregates are consistently detected within tuberculous lesions of humans, cattle, mice and various other species, suggesting a role for B cells in the immunopathogenesis of TB. Comparative immunology studies including partnerships of researchers with veterinary and medical perspectives will continue to provide mutual benefit to TB research in both man and animals. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Waters, W. Ray; Maggioli, Mayara F.; Palmer, Mitchell V.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [McGill, Jodi L.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Lyashchenko, Konstantin P.] Chembio Diagnost Syst Inc, Medford, NY USA. RP Waters, WR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM ray.waters@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS (CRIS) [3625-32000-104]; NIFA-USDA/NIH Dual Purpose with Dual Benefit Research in Biomedicine and Agriculture Using Agriculturally Important Domestic Animals [2011-67015-30736] FX Research funds were provided by: USDA, ARS (CRIS #3625-32000-104) and Project #2011-67015-30736 under NIFA-USDA/NIH Dual Purpose with Dual Benefit Research in Biomedicine and Agriculture Using Agriculturally Important Domestic Animals. NR 238 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 159 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 113 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.02.009 PG 20 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ6BC UT WOS:000337773700002 PM 24636301 ER PT J AU McGill, JL Sacco, RE Baldwin, CL Telfer, JC Palmer, MV Waters, WR AF McGill, Jodi L. Sacco, Randy E. Baldwin, Cynthia L. Telfer, Janice C. Palmer, Mitchell V. Waters, W. Ray TI The role of gamma delta T cells in immunity to Mycobacterium bovis infection in cattle SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium bovis; Bovine; Gamma delta T cells; WC1; Innate immune response ID BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; DENDRITIC-CELLS; BCG VACCINATION; LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; GENE-EXPRESSION; TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; INTERFERON PRODUCTION; BACTERIAL-ANTIGEN AB Accumulating evidence suggests that gamma delta T cells play a critical role in the early response to Mycobacterium bovis and may be key in bridging innate and adaptive immunity following infection. In vitro, gamma delta T cells proliferate and produce robust amounts of IFN gamma in response to complex, protein and non-protein mycobacterial antigens including M. bovis purified protein derivative (PPD), heat shock proteins and cell wall components such as mycolylarabinogalactan peptidoglycan (mAGP). Vaccination with Bacille Calumette-Guerin (BCG), as well as infection with virulent M. bovis, induces an increase in the frequency and activation of WC1(+) gamma delta T cells circulating in the blood. Gamma delta T cells are rapidly recruited to the lungs and draining lymph nodes following BCG vaccination, and accumulate in developing lesions early following M. bovis infection. In Severe Combined Immuno-deficient (SCID)-bo mice, depletion of gamma delta T cells prior to M. bovis infection results in impaired granuloma formation, suggesting a role for gamma delta T cells in immune cell recruitment and lesion development. In vivo depletion of WC1(+) gamma delta T cells from calves prior to M. bovis infection results in significantly reduced levels of M. bovis specific IgG2 and IFN gamma, and increased IL-4 production compared to non-depleted control animals, suggesting that gamma delta T cells may also play a role in shaping the character of the adaptive M. bovis specific immune response. Whereas it is clear that gamma delta T cells are responding during M. bovis infection, much remains to be understood about their function in vivo and their ability to shape the innate and adaptive immune responses. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of gamma delta T cell biology with a particular emphasis on the immune response of gamma delta T cells in cattle during M. bovis infection. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McGill, Jodi L.; Sacco, Randy E.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Palmer, Mitchell V.; Waters, W. Ray] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Baldwin, Cynthia L.; Telfer, Janice C.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Vet & Anim Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP McGill, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Jodi.McGill@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, ARS (CRIS) [3625-32000-104]; NIFA-USDA/NIH Dual Purpose with Dual Benefit Research in Biomedicine and Agriculture Using Agriculturally Important Domestic Animals [2011-67015-30736] FX Research funds were provided by: USDA, ARS (CRIS #3625-32000-104) and Project #2011-67015-30736 under NIFA-USDA/NIH Dual Purpose with Dual Benefit Research in Biomedicine and Agriculture Using Agriculturally Important Domestic Animals. NR 134 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 159 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 133 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.02.010 PG 11 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ6BC UT WOS:000337773700003 PM 24636303 ER PT J AU Oosterloo, BC Premkumar, M Stoll, B Olutoye, O Thymann, T Sangild, PT Burrin, DG AF Oosterloo, Berthe C. Premkumar, Muralidhar Stoll, Barbara Olutoye, Oluyinka Thymann, Thomas Sangild, Per T. Burrin, Douglas G. TI Dual purpose use of preterm piglets as a model of pediatric GI disease SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Necrotizing enterocolitis; Inflammation; Premature infant; Innate immunity; Toll-like receptor 4; Microbiome ID NEONATAL NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SUPERIOR MESENTERIC-ARTERY; NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; ELEMENT-BINDING PROTEIN; INDUCED SELF-TOLERANCE; BLOOD-FLOW-VELOCITY AB Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is the most common gastrointestinal complication in human neonates, yet the pathogenesis of this disease remains poorly understood. A fundamental approach to understanding the etiology and underlying biology of NEC is the use of in vivo experimental animal models, primarly neonatal rodents and pigs. The rodent models using rats and mice have provided a much of the experimental evidence showing the protective influence of breast milk and the role of specific molecular mechanisms involved in the premature innate immune and intestinal injury response. A key advantage of mice is the abilty to test how genetic disruption of specific genes alters the NEC phenotype. More recently, pigs have emerged as an animal model of NEC and used to establish the role of bacterial colonization, prematurity, parenteral nutrition and antibiotic therapy. This review will outline some of the advantages and disadvantages of both rodent and pig models and highlight the lessons learned about NEC pathobiology from these different experimental models. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Oosterloo, Berthe C.; Stoll, Barbara; Burrin, Douglas G.] USDA ARS, Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Oosterloo, Berthe C.; Premkumar, Muralidhar; Stoll, Barbara; Olutoye, Oluyinka; Burrin, Douglas G.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Premkumar, Muralidhar] Baylor Coll Med, Div Neonatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Olutoye, Oluyinka] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Burrin, Douglas G.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Thymann, Thomas; Sangild, Per T.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Sci, Dept Nutr, Dept Exercise & Sports, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark. RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.edu OI Sangild, Per Torp/0000-0002-5462-7760 NR 136 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 159 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 156 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.02.012 PG 10 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ6BC UT WOS:000337773700005 PM 24656979 ER PT J AU Miller, LC Jiang, ZH Sang, YM Harhay, GP Lager, KM AF Miller, Laura C. Jiang, Zhihua Sang, Yongming Harhay, Gregory P. Lager, Kelly M. TI Evolutionary characterization of pig interferon-inducible transmembrane gene family and member expression dynamics in tracheobronchial lymph nodes of pigs infected with swine respiratory disease viruses SO VETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Interferon-inducible transmembrane protein family member IFITM; Influenza virus; Swine genome ID SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; NS1 PROTEIN; INFLUENZA; TRANSCRIPTOME; MORTALITY; SEQUENCE; IFITM3 AB Studies have found that a cluster of duplicated gene loci encoding the interferon-inducible transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) family have antiviral activity against several viruses, including influenza A virus. The gene family has 5 and 7 members in humans and mice, respectively. Here, we confirm the current annotation of pig IFITM1, IFITM2, IFITM3, IFITM5, IFITM1L1 and IFITM1L4, manually annotated IFITM1L2, IFITM1L3, IFITM5L, IFITM3L1 and IFITM3L2, and provide expressed sequence tag (EST) and/or mRNA evidence, not contained with the NCBI Reference Sequence database (RefSeq), for the existence of IFITM6, IFITM7 and a new IFITM1-like (IFITM1LN) gene in pigs. Phylogenic analyses showed seven porcine IFITM genes with highly conserved human/mouse orthologs known to have anti-viral activity. Digital Gene Expression Tag Profiling (DGETP) of swine tracheobronchial lymph nodes (TBLN) of pigs infected with swine influenza virus (Sly), porcine pseudorabies virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus or porcine circovirus type 2 over 14 days post-inoculation (dpi) showed that gene expression abundance differs dramatically among pig IFITM family members, ranging from 0 to over 3000 tags per million. In particular, Sly up-regulated IFITM1 by 5.9 fold at 3 dpi. Bayesian framework further identified pig IFITM1 and IFITM3 as differentially expressed genes in the overall transcriptome analysis. In addition to being a component of protein complexes involved in homotypic adhesion, the IFITM1 is also associated with pathways related to regulation of cell proliferation and IFITM3 is involved in immune responses. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miller, Laura C.; Lager, Kelly M.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Jiang, Zhihua] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Sang, Yongming] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Anat & Physiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Harhay, Gregory P.] USDA ARS, Anim Hlth Res Unit, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Miller, LC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Res Unit, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM laura.miller@ars.usda.gov; jiangz@wsu.edu; ysang@vet.k-state.edu RI Jiang, Zhihua/A-3378-2008; OI Jiang, Zhihua/0000-0003-1986-088X; Miller, Laura/0000-0002-8946-9416 FU National Pork Board [08-247]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service; Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Coordinated Agricultural Project USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2008-55620-19132] FX This work was supported in part by the National Pork Board Grant #08-247, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service, and the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Coordinated Agricultural Project USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award 2008-55620-19132. We thank the following members of the Virus and Prion Research Unit at the National Animal Disease Center: A. Vincent, K. Faaberg and A. Cheung for providing the virus stock; J. Huegel and B. Pottenbaum for animal caretaking; and M. Baker (Iowa State University) M. Harland, D. Adolphson, S. Anderson, E. Zanella and A. Vorwald for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2427 EI 1873-2534 J9 VET IMMUNOL IMMUNOP JI Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 159 IS 3-4 SI SI BP 180 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.02.015 PG 12 WC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ6BC UT WOS:000337773700008 PM 24656980 ER PT J AU Wagenbrenner, JW Robichaud, PR AF Wagenbrenner, Joseph W. Robichaud, Peter R. TI Post-fire bedload sediment delivery across spatial scales in the interior western United States SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE erosion; hillslope; catchment; sedimentation; rainfall intensity ID COLORADO FRONT RANGE; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; NORTH-CENTRAL WASHINGTON; SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; DEBRIS-FLOW INITIATION; HILLSLOPE EROSION; SOIL-EROSION; BURN SEVERITY; NEW-MEXICO; MOUNTAINOUS WATERSHEDS AB Post-fire sediment yields can be up to three orders of magnitude greater than sediment yields in unburned forests. Much of the research on post-fire erosion rates has been at small scales (100m2 or less), and post-fire sediment delivery rates across spatial scales have not been quantified in detail. We developed relationships for post-fire bedload sediment delivery rates for spatial scales up to 117ha using sediment yield data from six published studies and two recently established study sites. Sediment yields and sediment delivery ratios (SDRs; sediment delivered at the catchment scale divided by the sediment delivered from a plot nested within the catchment) were related to site factors including rainfall characteristics, area, length, and ground cover. Unit-area sediment yields significantly decreased with increasing area in five of the six sites. The annual SDRs ranged from 0.0089 to 1.15 and these were more closely related to the ratio of the plot lengths than the ratio of plot areas. The developed statistical relationships will help quantify post-fire sediment delivery rates across spatial scales in the interior western United States and develop process-based scaling relationships. Published in 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Wagenbrenner, Joseph W.] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wagenbrenner, Joseph W.; Robichaud, Peter R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID USA. RP Wagenbrenner, JW (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM jwwagenb@mtu.edu FU US Department of Agriculture; National Institute of Foods and Agriculture [2008-38420-04761]; US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service through the Rocky Mountain Research Station; Pike-San Isabel; Apache-Sitgreaves; Fishlake National Forests FX This work was supported in part by a National Needs Fellowship grant from the US Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Foods and Agriculture, under agreement no. 2008-38420-04761. Additional funding was provided by the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service through the Rocky Mountain Research Station and the Pike-San Isabel, Apache-Sitgreaves, and Fishlake National Forests. The authors thank the employees from the above Forest Service offices as well as the Arapahoe-Roosevelt, Bitterroot, and Okanagan-Wenatchee National Forests for their assistance in data collection and processing. The authors appreciate early discussions with Lee MacDonald, Isaac Larsen, and Peter Nelson that helped focus this study, and also thank the associate editor and two anonymous reviewers for their comments. NR 109 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 39 IS 7 BP 865 EP 876 DI 10.1002/esp.3488 PG 12 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AJ3YQ UT WOS:000337604700002 ER PT J AU Maturana, O Tonina, D McKean, JA Buffington, JM Luce, CH Caamano, D AF Maturana, Oscar Tonina, Daniele McKean, James A. Buffington, John M. Luce, Charles H. Caamano, Diego TI Modeling the effects of pulsed versus chronic sand inputs on salmonid spawning habitat in a low-gradient gravel-bed river SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE sediment transport; pulsed and chronic sand supply; aquatic habitat; river morphology; gravel-bed rivers ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FINE SEDIMENT; MATERIAL WAVES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURVIVAL; FLOW; DISTURBANCE; EVOLUTION; ROUGHNESS; TRANSPORT AB It is widely recognized that high supplies of fine sediment, largely sand, can negatively impact the aquatic habitat quality of gravel-bed rivers, but effects of the style of input (chronic vs. pulsed) have not been examined quantitatively. We hypothesize that a continuous (i.e. chronic) supply of sand will be more detrimental to the quality of aquatic habitat than an instantaneous sand pulse equal to the integrated volume of the chronic supply. We investigate this issue by applying a two-dimensional numerical model to a 1 km long reach of prime salmonid spawning habitat in central Idaho. Results show that in both supply scenarios, sand moves through the study reach as bed load, and that both the movement and depth of sand on the streambed mirrors the hydrograph of this snowmelt-dominated river. Predictions indicate greater and more persistent mortality of salmonid embryos under chronic supplies than pulse inputs, supporting our hypothesis. However, predicted mortality varies both with salmonid species and location of spawning. We found that the greatest impacts occur closer to the location of the sand input under both supply scenarios. Results also suggest that reach-scale morphology may modulate the impact of sand loads, and that under conditions of high sand loading climate-related increases in flow magnitude could increase embryo mortality through sand deposition, rather than streambed scour. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Maturana, Oscar] Univ Concepcion, Dept Ingn Civil, Concepcion, Chile. [Tonina, Daniele] Univ Idaho, Coll Engn Boise, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [McKean, James A.; Buffington, John M.; Luce, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Caamano, Diego] Univ Catolica Santisima Concepcion, Dept Ingn Civil, Concepcion, Chile. RP Maturana, O (reprint author), Univ Concepcion, Dept Ingn Civil, Barrio Univ S-N, Concepcion, Chile. EM oscar.maturana.g@gmail.com RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008; Tonina, Daniele/I-7688-2012 OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662; Tonina, Daniele/0000-0002-1866-1013 FU US Forest Service through the National Fire Plan; Rocky Mountain Research Station, Boise, Idaho FX Funding for this research was provided by the US Forest Service through the National Fire Plan and the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Boise, Idaho. We thank the associate Editor, Jim Pizzuto, and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0197-9337 EI 1096-9837 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 39 IS 7 BP 877 EP 889 DI 10.1002/esp.3491 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AJ3YQ UT WOS:000337604700003 ER PT J AU Brooks, JP Adeli, A McLaughlin, MR AF Brooks, John P. Adeli, Ardeshir McLaughlin, Michael R. TI Microbial ecology, bacterial pathogens, and antibiotic resistant genes in swine manure wastewater as influenced by three swine management systems SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Confined animal feeding operation (CAFO); Antibiotic resistance; Campylobacter; Salmonella; Swine; Lagoon wastewater ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; COMMUNITY; LAGOON; PCR; ASSAY; CAMPYLOBACTER; NUTRIENTS; DYNAMICS; EFFLUENT AB The environmental influence of farm management in concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) can yield vast changes to the microbial biota and ecological structure of both the pig and waste manure lagoon wastewater. While some of these changes may not be negative, it is possible that CAFOs can enrich antibiotic resistant bacteria or pathogens based on farm type, thereby influencing the impact imparted by the land application of its respective wastewater. The purpose of this study was to measure the microbial constituents of swinesow, -nursery, and -finisher farm manure lagoon wastewater and determine the changes induced by farm management. A total of 37 farms were visited in the Mid-South USA and analyzed for the genes 16S rRNA, spaQ (Salmonella spp.), Camp-16S (Campylobacter spp.), tetA, tetB, ermF, ermA, mecA, and intI using quantitative PCR. Additionally, 165 rRNA sequence libraries were created. Overall, it appeared that finisher farms were significantly different from nursery and sow farms in nearly all genes measured and in 16S rRNA clone libraries. Nearly all antibiotic resistance genes were detected in all farms. Interestingly, the mecA resistance gene (e.g. methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus) was below detection limits on most farms, and decreased as the pigs aged. Finisher farms generally had fewer antibiotic resistance genes, which corroborated previous phenotypic data; additionally, finisher farms produced a less diverse 16S rRNA sequence library. Comparisons of Camp-16S and spaQ GU (genomic unit) values to previous culture data demonstrated ratios from 10 to 10,000:1 depending on farm type, indicating viable but not cultivatable bacteria were dominant. The current study indicated that swine farm management schemes positively and negatively affect microbial and antibiotic resistant populations in CAFO wastewater which has future "downstream" implications from both an environmental and public health perspective. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Brooks, John P.; Adeli, Ardeshir; McLaughlin, Michael R.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Brooks, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM john.brooks@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 16 U2 104 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 57 BP 96 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2014.03.017 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AI9OH UT WOS:000337261400010 PM 24704907 ER PT J AU Fanta, GF Finkenstadt, VL Felker, FC AF Fanta, George F. Finkenstadt, Victoria L. Felker, Frederick C. TI Properties of Extruded Starch-Poly(methyl acrylate) Graft Copolymers Prepared from Spherulites Formed from Amylose-Oleic Acid Inclusion Complexes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE copolymers; extrusion; grafting; polysaccharides; radical polymerization ID CERIC AMMONIUM-NITRATE; STARCH-G-POLYSTYRENE; METHYL ACRYLATE; STARCH-G-POLY(METHYL ACRYLATE); MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; SAGO STARCH; EXTRUSION; MORPHOLOGY AB Mixtures of high-amylose corn starch and oleic acid were processed by steam jet cooking, and the dispersions were rapidly cooled to yield amylose-oleic acid inclusion complexes as micron- and submicron-sized spherulites and spherulite aggregates. Dispersions of these spherulite particles were then graft polymerized with methyl acrylate, both before and after removal of uncomplexed amylopectin by water washing. For comparison, granular, uncooked high-amylose corn starch was also graft polymerized in a similar manner. Graft copolymers with similar percentages of grafted and ungrafted poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) were obtained from these polymerizations. The graft copolymers were then processed by extrusion through a ribbon die, and the tensile properties of the extruded ribbons were determined. Although extruded ribbons with similar tensile strengths were obtained from the three starch-PMA graft copolymers, much higher values for % elongation were obtained from the spherulite-containing systems. Also, the tensile properties were not significantly affected by removal of soluble, uncomplexed amylopectin by water washing before graft polymerization. These results are consistent with the observation that these PMA-grafted starch particles did not melt during extrusion, and that continuous plastic ribbons were formed by fusing these particles together in the presence of small amounts of thermoplastic PMA matrix. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40381. C1 [Fanta, George F.; Finkenstadt, Victoria L.; Felker, Frederick C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Felker, FC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM frederick.felker@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8995 EI 1097-4628 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 131 IS 12 AR 40381 DI 10.1002/app.40381 PG 7 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AD9WC UT WOS:000333614300012 ER PT J AU Hampel, D Shahab-Ferdows, S Domek, JM Siddiqua, T Raqib, R Allen, LH AF Hampel, Daniela Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh Domek, Joseph M. Siddiqua, Towfida Raqib, Rubhana Allen, Lindsay H. TI Competitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for vitamin B12 analysis in human milk SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Cobalamin; Vitamin B12; Human milk; Haptocorrin; Chemiluminescence; Radioassay ID WELL-NOURISHED WOMEN; BREAST-MILK; MONTHS POSTPARTUM; MATERNAL STATUS; FOLIC-ACID; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; GUATEMALAN WOMEN; LACTATING WOMEN; COBALAMIN; DEFICIENCY AB Recent discoveries of matrix interferences by haptocorrin (HC) in human milk and serum show that past analyses of vitamin B12 in samples with high HC content might have been inaccurate (Lildballe et al., 2009; Carmel & Agrawal, 2012). We evaluated two competitive enzyme-binding immunoassays for serum/plasma (IMMULITE and SimulTRAC-SNB) for B12 analysis in human milk. B12-recovery rates (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2007) were determined to be 78.9 9.1% with IMMULITE and 225 108% (range 116-553%) using SimulTRAC-SNB, most likely due to the presence of excess HC. HC-interferences were not observed with the IMMULITE assay, rendering previously reported mandatory HC-removal (Lildballe et al., 2009) unnecessary. Linearity continued at low B12-concentrations (24-193 pM; r(2) >0.985). Milk B12 concentrations from Bangladeshi women (72-959 pM) were significantly lower than those from California (154-933 pM; p <0.0001) showing IMMULITE's robustness against the complex milk matrix and its ability to measure low milk B12 concentrations. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved, C1 [Hampel, Daniela; Shahab-Ferdows, Setareh; Domek, Joseph M.; Siddiqua, Towfida; Allen, Lindsay H.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hampel, Daniela; Siddiqua, Towfida; Allen, Lindsay H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Siddiqua, Towfida; Raqib, Rubhana] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. RP Hampel, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM daniela.hampel@ars.usda.gov RI Hampel, Daniela/K-2047-2014; OI Hampel, Daniela/0000-0003-0288-7680; Raqib, Rubhana/0000-0002-8116-4511 FU University of North Carolina; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [0PP53107, 0PP1061055]; Nestle Foundation [FR-112/12/ 74512(R-1)]; USDA-ARS Project [5306-51000003-00D] FX The authors thank Drs. Linda S. Adair and Margaret E. Bentley (University of North Carolina), Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (0PP53107 and 0PP1061055), Nestle Foundation (FR-112/12/ 74512(R-1)) and intramural USDA-ARS Project # 5306-51000003-00D. The reference values for B12 and total holo TC in our milk samples were obtained from the study conducted by Lildballe et al. (2009). USDA is an equal opportunity employer and provider. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 153 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.033 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB7SK UT WOS:000331990800009 PM 24491700 ER PT J AU Kim, GP Lee, J Ahn, KG Hwang, YS Choi, Y Chun, J Chang, WS Choung, MG AF Kim, Gi-Ppeum Lee, Jinwook Ahn, Kyung-Geun Hwang, Young-Sun Choi, Youngmin Chun, Jiyeon Chang, Woo-Suk Choung, Myoung-Gun TI Differential responses of B vitamins in black soybean seeds SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Black soybean; Thiamine; Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD); Flavin mononucleotide (FMN); Riboflavin; Nicotinic acid; Nicotinamide; Pantothenic acid; Pyridoxine ID HEART-FAILURE; RIBOFLAVIN; THIAMINE; BIOSYNTHESIS; DISEASE; DEFICIENCY; SOAKING; STRESS; NIACIN; PLANTS AB This study was aimed to determine the contents and the association of B vitamins from seeds of 10 black and one yellow soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) varieties with either green or yellow cotyledon. Thiamine, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), riboflavin and total riboflavin were found highest in 'Chengjakong', while flavin mononucleotide (FMN) was greatest in 'Mirang'. Nicotinic acid and total vitamin B-3 were highest in 'Shingi' as a yellow soybean variety but pantothenic acid and pyridoxine contents were greatest in 'Tawon' and 'Mirang', respectively. These content variations of B vitamins directly reflected the wide segregation of soybean varieties on the principal component analysis (PCA) scores plot, indicating that these 4 soybean varieties appeared to be least associated with other soybean varieties based on the different responses of B vitamins. The results of cluster and correlation analyses presented that the cotyledon colour of soybean seed contributed to a variation of B vitamin contents. Overall, the results suggest that a wide range of B vitamin contents would be affected by genotypic factors alongside the difference of cotyledon colour. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Gi-Ppeum; Ahn, Kyung-Geun; Hwang, Young-Sun; Choung, Myoung-Gun] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Herbal Med Resource, Dogye Up 245907, Samcheok, South Korea. [Lee, Jinwook] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Choi, Youngmin] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Funct Food & Nutr Div, Suwon 441853, South Korea. [Chun, Jiyeon] Sunchon Natl Univ, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Sunchon 540742, South Korea. [Chang, Woo-Suk; Choung, Myoung-Gun] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. RP Choung, MG (reprint author), Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Herbal Med Resource, Dogye Campus,Hwangjori 3, Dogye Up 245907, Samcheok, South Korea. EM cmg7004@kangwon.ac.kr FU Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea [PJ009593] FX This work was performed with the support of "Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ009593)" from the Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Republic of Korea. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 153 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.047 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB7SK UT WOS:000331990800015 PM 24491706 ER PT J AU Bai, YJ Kaufman, RC Wilson, JD Shi, YC AF Bai, Yanjie Kaufman, Rhett C. Wilson, Jeff D. Shi, Yong-Cheng TI Position of modifying groups on starch chains of octenylsuccinic anhydride-modified waxy maize starch SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Substitution distribution; Octenylsuccinic anhydride; Modified starch; Waxy maize starch; Starch structure ID PULSED AMPEROMETRIC DETECTION; SUBSTITUENT DISTRIBUTION; CELLULOSE DERIVATIVES; CHROMATOGRAPHY; DIGESTIBILITY; GRANULES AB Octenylsuccinic anhydride (OSA)-modified starches with a low (0.018) and high (0.092) degree of substitution (DS) were prepared from granular native waxy maize starch in aqueous slurry. The position of OS substituents along the starch chains was investigated by enzyme hydrolysis followed by chromatographic analysis. Native starch and two OS starches with a low and high DS had beta-limit values of 55.9%, 52.8%, and 34.4%, respectively. The weight-average molecular weight of the beta-limit dextrin from the OS starch with a low DS was close to that of the beta-limit dextrin from native starch but lower than that of the beta-limit dextrin from the OS starch with a high DS. Debranching of OS starches was incomplete compared with native starch. OS groups in the OS starch with a low DS were located on the repeat units near the branching points, whereas the OS substituents in the OS starch with a high DS occurred both near the branching points and the non-reducing ends. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bai, Yanjie; Shi, Yong-Cheng] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kaufman, Rhett C.; Wilson, Jeff D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Shi, YC (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, 201 Shellenberger Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM ycshi@ksu.edu NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 41 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 153 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.12.012 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB7SK UT WOS:000331990800029 PM 24491720 ER PT J AU Nowak, V Rittenschober, D Exler, J Charrondiere, UR AF Nowak, Verena Rittenschober, Doris Exler, Jacob Charrondiere, U. Ruth TI Proposal on the usage of conversion factors for fatty acids in fish and shellfish SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Food composition; Fatty acid; Fatty acid methyl ester; Conversion factor; INFOODS ID NUTRITIONAL-VALUE AB Different approaches for converting fatty acid (FA) data in fish and shellfish expressed as weight percent of total FA or of total lipid content (TL) to per 100 g edible portion fresh weight (EP) are used. FAO/INFOODS studied on a dataset of 668 fish and shellfish firstly the impact on their FA and TL content per 100 g EP using two fatty acid conversion factors, namely the factors published by Weihrauch et al. (XFA(W)) and Greenfield and Southgate (XFA(GS)), and secondly the usefulness of Sheppard factors (ShF), which convert fatty acid methyl esters to fatty acids. The data show that XFA(W) should be used as they are applicable to fish and shellfish and the resulting FA values are a continuous function of the TL content while applying a minimum TL value of 0.55 g/100 g EP even for lower TL values. This study showed that the use of ShF is not necessary for fish and shellfish as they do not influence fatty acid values significantly. (C) 2013 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nowak, Verena; Rittenschober, Doris; Charrondiere, U. Ruth] FAO, ESN, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Exler, Jacob] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Nutrient Data Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Nowak, V (reprint author), FAO, ESN, Viale Terme Caracalla 1, I-00153 Rome, Italy. EM verena.nowak@fao.org; doris.rittenschober@fao.org; jacob.exler@ars.usda.gov; ruth.charrondiere@fao.org OI Nowak, Verena/0000-0003-2523-579X NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 153 BP 457 EP 463 DI 10.1016/j.foodchern.2013.11.006 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AB7SK UT WOS:000331990800063 PM 24491754 ER PT J AU Makarem, N Scott, M Quatromoni, P Jacques, P Parekh, N AF Makarem, Nour Scott, Marc Quatromoni, Paula Jacques, Paul Parekh, Niyati TI Trends in dietary carbohydrate consumption from 1991 to 2008 in the Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Dietary carbohydrate trends; Framingham Heart Study; Longitudinal analyses ID SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES; FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; WHOLE GRAIN FOODS; MIDDLE-AGED WOMEN; WEIGHT-GAIN; UNITED-STATES; CANCER-RISK; BREAST-CANCER; US ADULTS; NUTRITION AB The intake of carbohydrates has been evaluated cross-sectionally, but not longitudinally in an ageing American adult population. The aim of the present study was to examine trends in the intake of dietary carbohydrates and their major food sources among the Framingham Heart Study Offspring (FOS) cohort, which had been uniquely tracked for 17 years in the study. The FOS cohort was recruited in 1971-1975. Follow-up examinations were conducted, on average, every 4 years. Dietary data collection began in 1991 (examination 5) using a validated semi-quantitative FFQ. The study included 2894 adults aged 25 years with complete dietary data in at least three examinations from 1991 to 2008. Descriptive statistics were generated using SAS version 9.3, and a repeated-measures model was used to examine trends in the intake of carbohydrates and their food sources in the whole sample, and by sex and BMI category. Over 17 years of follow-up, the percentage of energy from total carbohydrates (510-468%; P for trend<0001) and total sugars (182-166%; P for trend<0001) decreased. There was a decrease in the percentage of energy from fructose (54-47%; P for trend<0001) and sucrose (98-88%; P for trend<0001). Dietary fibre intake increased (180-192g/d; P for trend<0001). The number of weekly servings of yeast bread, soft drinks/soda, cakes/cookies/quick breads/doughnuts, potatoes, milk, pasta, rice and cooked grains, fruit juice/drinks, potato chips/maize chips/popcorn, and lunch foods (e.g. pizzas and burgers) decreased significantly (P for trend<0001), while the intake of ready-to-eat cereals, legumes, fruits, dairy products, candy and ice cream/sherbet/frozen yogurt increased significantly (P for trend<004). Similar trends were observed when the analyses were stratified by sex and BMI. The present results suggest favourable trends in dietary carbohydrate consumption, but dietary guidelines for fruits, vegetables and fibre were not met in this cohort. C1 [Makarem, Nour; Parekh, Niyati] New York Univ, Dept Nutr Food Studies & Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Scott, Marc] New York Univ, Dept Humanities & Social Sci, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Quatromoni, Paula] Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Sci, Coll Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Sargent Coll, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Jacques, Paul] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Parekh, N (reprint author), New York Univ, Dept Nutr Food Studies & Publ Hlth, 411 Lafayette St,5th Floor, New York, NY 10003 USA. EM niyati.parekh@nyu.edu OI parekh , niyati /0000-0002-1334-0528 FU American Cancer Society [RSG-12-005-01-CNE]; New York University's IDEA; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); Boston University [N01-HC-25 195]; ARS [53-3k06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001, 58-1950-4-401, 58-1950-7-707] FX The present study was supported by the American Cancer Society Research Scholar Grant (#RSG-12-005-01-CNE) and the New York University's IDEA Research Challenge Grant awarded to N. P.. The American Cancer Society had no role in the design and analysis of the study or in the writing of this article.; The FHS is conducted and supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) in collaboration with Boston University (contract no. N01-HC-25 195). Funding support for the Framingham FFQ datasets was provided by ARS Contract no. 53-3k06-5-10, ARS Agreement no. 58-1950-9-001, 58-1950-4-401 and 58-1950-7-707. This manuscript was not prepared in collaboration with the investigators of the FHS and does not necessarily reflect the opinions or views of the FHS, Boston University, or NHLBI. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 23 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD JUN 14 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 11 BP 2010 EP 2023 DI 10.1017/S0007114513004443 PG 14 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AH9YR UT WOS:000336502500011 PM 24661608 ER PT J AU Nicholson, SJ Puterka, GJ AF Nicholson, Scott J. Puterka, Gary J. TI Variation in the salivary proteomes of differentially virulent greenbug (Schizaphis graminum Rondani) biotypes SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Greenbug; Phytotoxicity; Saliva; Proteome; Virulence; Plant-insect interactions ID APHID HEMIPTERA APHIDIDAE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MYZUS-PERSICAE; RUSSIAN WHEAT; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; STATISTICAL-MODEL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DEFENSE RESPONSE AB Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum Rondani) biotypes are classified by their differential virulence to wheat, barley, and sorghum varieties possessing greenbug resistance genes. Virulent greenbug biotypes exert phytotoxic effects upon their hosts during feeding, directly inducing physiological and metabolic alterations and accompanying foliar damage. Comparative analyses of the salivary proteomes of four differentially virulent greenbug biotypes C, E, G, and H showed significant proteomic divergence between biotypes. Thirty-two proteins were identified by LC-MS/MS; the most prevalent of which were three glucose dehydrogenase paralogs (GDH), lipophorin, complementary sex determiner, three proteins of unknown function, carbonic anhydrase, fibroblast growth factor receptor, and abnormal oocyte (ABO). Seven nucleotide-binding proteins were identified, including ABO which is involved in mRNA splicing. Quantitative variation among greenbug biotypes was detected in six proteins; two GDH paralogs, carbonic anhydrase, ABO, and two proteins of unknown function. Our findings reveal that the greenbug salivary proteome differs according to biotype and diverges substantially from those reported for other aphids. The proteomic profiles of greenbug biotypes suggest that interactions between aphid salivary proteins and the plant host result in suppression of plant defenses and cellular transport, and may manipulate transcriptional regulation in the plant host, ultimately allowing the aphid to maintain phloem ingestion. Biological significance Greenbug (Schizaphis graminum Rondani, GB) is a major phytotoxic aphid pest of wheat, sorghum, and barley. Unlike non-phytotoxic aphids, GB directly damages its host, causing uniformly characteristic symptoms leading to host death. As saliva is the primary interface between the aphid and its plant host, saliva is also the primary aphid biotypic determinant, and differences in biotypic virulence are the result of biotypic variations in salivary content. This study analyzed the exuded saliva of four distinct Greenbug biotypes with a range of virulence to crop lines containing greenbug resistance traits in order to identify differences between salivary proteins of the examined biotypes. Our analyses confirmed that the salivary proteomes of the examined greenbug biotypes differ widely, identified 32 proteins of the greenbug salivary proteome, and found significant proteomic variation between six identified salivary proteins. The proteomic variation identified herein is likely the basis of biotypic virulence, and the proteins identified can serve as the basis for functional studies into both greenbug-induced phytotoxic damage and into the molecular basis of virulence in specific GB biotypes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Si: Proteomics of non-model organisms. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nicholson, Scott J.; Puterka, Gary J.] USDA ARS, PSRL, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. RP Nicholson, SJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSRL, 1301 N Western Rd, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. EM scott.nicholson@ars.usda.gov FU NSF MRI; EPSCoR [0722494] FX Dr. Steven Hartson and Janet Rogers of the Oklahoma State University DNA/Protein Resource Facility provided invaluable assistance in collecting and analyzing LC-MS/MS data. Mass spectrometry analyses performed in the Oklahoma State University DNA/Protein Resource Facility are supported by the NSF MRI and EPSCoR programs (award #0722494). NR 84 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1874-3919 EI 1876-7737 J9 J PROTEOMICS JI J. Proteomics PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 105 SI SI BP 186 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.jprot.2013.12.005 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AK7HT UT WOS:000338600000017 PM 24355481 ER PT J AU Polashock, J Zelzion, E Fajardo, D Zalapa, J Georgi, L Bhattacharya, D Vorsa, N AF Polashock, James Zelzion, Ehud Fajardo, Diego Zalapa, Juan Georgi, Laura Bhattacharya, Debashish Vorsa, Nicholi TI The American cranberry: first insights into the whole genome of a species adapted to bog habitat SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium macrocarpon; Ericaceae; Transcriptome; COSII; Polyphenolics; Resistance genes; SSRs; SNPs; Inbred ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; VACCINIUM-MACROCARPON; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; GENETIC-VARIATION; WIDE ASSOCIATION; SEQUENCE DATA; BERRY FRUITS; LARGE SETS AB Background: The American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) is one of only three widely-cultivated fruit crops native to North America- the other two are blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) and native grape (Vitis spp.). In terms of taxonomy, cranberries are in the core Ericales, an order for which genome sequence data are currently lacking. In addition, cranberries produce a host of important polyphenolic secondary compounds, some of which are beneficial to human health. Whereas next-generation sequencing technology is allowing the advancement of whole-genome sequencing, one major obstacle to the successful assembly from short-read sequence data of complex diploid (and higher ploidy) organisms is heterozygosity. Cranberry has the advantage of being diploid (2n = 2x = 24) and self-fertile. To minimize the issue of heterozygosity, we sequenced the genome of a fifth-generation inbred genotype (F >= 0.97) derived from five generations of selfing originating from the cultivar Ben Lear. Results: The genome size of V. macrocarpon has been estimated to be about 470 Mb. Genomic sequences were assembled into 229,745 scaffolds representing 420 Mbp (N50 = 4,237 bp) with 20X average coverage. The number of predicted genes was 36,364 and represents 17.7% of the assembled genome. Of the predicted genes, 30,090 were assigned to candidate genes based on homology. Genes supported by transcriptome data totaled 13,170 (36%). Conclusions: Shotgun sequencing of the cranberry genome, with an average sequencing coverage of 20X, allowed efficient assembly and gene calling. The candidate genes identified represent a useful collection to further study important biochemical pathways and cellular processes and to use for marker development for breeding and the study of horticultural characteristics, such as disease resistance. C1 [Polashock, James] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Zelzion, Ehud; Bhattacharya, Debashish] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol, Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Fajardo, Diego] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zalapa, Juan] USDA ARS, Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Georgi, Laura] PE Marucci Ctr Blueberry & Cranberry Res, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. [Vorsa, Nicholi] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Polashock, J (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, 125A Lake Oswego Rd, Chatsworth, NJ 08019 USA. EM James.Polashock@ars.usda.gov FU USDA SCRI [2008-51180-04878] FX Funding for this work was provided by USDA SCRI grant number 2008-51180-04878. We thank Sushma Parankush Das for technical support. NR 107 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 38 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 165 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-14-165 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK1HF UT WOS:000338165400002 PM 24927653 ER PT J AU Tako, E Glahn, RP Knez, M Stangoulis, JCR AF Tako, Elad Glahn, Raymond P. Knez, Marija Stangoulis, James C. R. TI The effect of wheat prebiotics on the gut bacterial population and iron status of iron deficient broiler chickens SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Prebiotics; Arabinoxylan; Probiotics; Iron bioavailability; Chicken; Caco-2 cells ID VITRO DIGESTION/CACO-2 MODEL; BEANS PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; DIETARY INULIN AFFECTS; POULTRY GALLUS-GALLUS; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; IN-VITRO; PHYTIC ACID; NONDIGESTIBLE OLIGOSACCHARIDES; PHYTATE DEGRADATION; BIOAVAILABLE IRON AB Background: Currently, there is a lot of interest in improving gut health, and consequently increasing Fe absorption, by managing the colonic microbial population. This is traditionally done by the consumption of probiotics, live microbial food supplements. However, an alternative, and often very effective approach, is the consumption of food ingredients known as prebiotics. Fructans and arabinoxylans are naturally occurring non-digestible oligosaccharides in wheat that exhibit prebiotic properties and may enhance intestinal iron (Fe) absorption. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of prebiotics from wheat on Fe bioavailability in vitro (Caco-2 cells) and in vivo (broiler chickens, Gallus gallus). Methods: In the current study, the effect of intra-amniotic administration of wheat samples extracts at 17 d of embryonic incubation on the Fe status and possible changes in the bacterial population in intestinal content of broiler hatchlings were investigated. A group of 144 eggs were injected with the specified solution (1 ml per egg) into the amniotic fluid. Immediately after hatch (21 d) and from each treatment group, 10 chicks were euthanized and their small intestine, liver and cecum were removed for relative mRNA abundance of intestinal Fe related transporters, relative liver ferritin amounts and bacterial analysis of cecal content, respectively. Results: The in vivo results are in agreement with the in vitro observations, showing no differences in the hatchling Fe status between the treatment groups, as Fe bioavailability was not increased in vitro and no significant differences were measured in the intestinal expression of DMT1, Ferroportin and DcytB in vivo. However, there was significant variation in relative amounts of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the intestinal content between the treatments groups, with generally more bifidobacteria being produced with increased prebiotic content. Conclusions: In this study we showed that prebiotics naturally found in wheat grains/bread products significantly increased intestinal beneficial bacterial population in Fe deficient broiler chickens. With this short-term feeding trial we were not able to show differences in the Fe-status of broilers. Nevertheless, the increase in relative amounts of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the presence of wheat prebiotics is an important finding as these bacterial populations may affect Fe bioavailability in long-term studies. C1 [Tako, Elad; Glahn, Raymond P.] Cornell Univ, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Knez, Marija; Stangoulis, James C. R.] Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. RP Knez, M (reprint author), Flinders Univ S Australia, Sch Biol Sci, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. EM marijaknez186@gmail.com NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 33 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 58 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-13-58 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AK3EC UT WOS:000338304900001 PM 24924421 ER PT J AU Johnson, DB Quinn, E Sitaker, M Ammerman, A Byker, C Dean, W Fleischhacker, S Kolodinsky, J Pinard, C Pitts, SBJ Sharkey, J AF Johnson, Donna B. Quinn, Emilee Sitaker, Marilyn Ammerman, Alice Byker, Carmen Dean, Wesley Fleischhacker, Sheila Kolodinsky, Jane Pinard, Courtney Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott Sharkey, Joseph TI Developing an agenda for research about policies to improve access to healthy foods in rural communities: a concept mapping study SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Rural populations; Nutrition; Food systems; Food access; Policy ID EASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; TEXAS BORDER COLONIAS; UNITED-STATES; NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTERISTICS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; NUTRITION ENVIRONMENTS; POPULATION HEALTH; VEGETABLE INTAKE; SERVICE PLACES; SPATIAL ACCESS AB Background: Policies that improve access to healthy, affordable foods may improve population health and reduce health disparities. In the United States most food access policy research focuses on urban communities even though residents of rural communities face disproportionately higher risk for nutrition-related chronic diseases compared to residents of urban communities. The purpose of this study was to (1) identify the factors associated with access to healthy, affordable food in rural communities in the United States; and (2) prioritize a meaningful and feasible rural food policy research agenda. Methods: This study was conducted by the Rural Food Access Workgroup (RFAWG), a workgroup facilitated by the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network. A national sample of academic and non-academic researchers, public health and cooperative extension practitioners, and other experts who focus on rural food access and economic development was invited to complete a concept mapping process that included brainstorming the factors that are associated with rural food access, sorting and organizing the factors into similar domains, and rating the importance of policies and research to address these factors. As a last step, RFAWG members convened to interpret the data and establish research recommendations. Results: Seventy-five participants in the brainstorming exercise represented the following sectors: non-extension research (n = 27), non-extension program administration (n = 18), "other" (n = 14), policy advocacy (n = 10), and cooperative extension service (n = 6). The brainstorming exercise generated 90 distinct statements about factors associated with rural food access in the United States; these were sorted into 5 clusters. Go Zones were established for the factors that were rated highly as both a priority policy target and a priority for research. The highest ranked policy and research priorities include strategies designed to build economic viability in rural communities, improve access to federal food and nutrition assistance programs, improve food retail systems, and increase the personal food production capacity of rural residents. Respondents also prioritized the development of valid and reliable research methodologies to measure variables associated with rural food access. Conclusions: This collaborative, trans-disciplinary, participatory process, created a map to guide and prioritize research about polices to improve healthy, affordable food access in rural communities. C1 [Johnson, Donna B.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Quinn, Emilee] Univ Washington, Ctr Publ Hlth Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sitaker, Marilyn] Battelle Hlth & Analyt, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Ammerman, Alice] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Byker, Carmen] Montana State Univ, Dept Hlth & Human Dev, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Dean, Wesley] Food & Nutr Serv, USDA, Off Policy Support, Food Nutr & Consumer Serv Headquarters, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Fleischhacker, Sheila] NIH, Div Nutr Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kolodinsky, Jane] Univ Vermont, Dept Community Dev & Appl Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Pinard, Courtney] Gretchen Swanson Ctr Nutr, Omaha, NE 68114 USA. [Pitts, Stephanie B. Jilcott] E Carolina Univ, Dept Publ Hlth, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Sharkey, Joseph] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot & Community Hlth Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Johnson, DB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Box 353410, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM djohn@uw.edu OI Byker Shanks, Carmen/0000-0002-9030-9938 FU Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network (NOPREN) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U48-DP001911] FX The authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Heidi Blanck, Chief, Obesity Prevention and Control Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Demia Wright, Health Education Specialist in Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for their support of this project and their participation in the data interpretation session. The project would not have been possible without the generous donation of time and expertise of all of the experts who participated in the stages of the concept mapping process. This project is supported through the Nutrition and Obesity Policy Research and Evaluation Network (NOPREN) by Cooperative Agreement Number 5U48-DP001911 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the National Institutes of Health, or the United States Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition Service. NR 66 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 9 U2 27 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD JUN 12 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 592 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-592 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL2PE UT WOS:000338966700001 PM 24919425 ER PT J AU Reyes-Fox, M Steltzer, H Trlica, MJ McMaster, GS Andales, AA LeCain, DR Morgan, JA AF Reyes-Fox, Melissa Steltzer, Heidi Trlica, M. J. McMaster, Gregory S. Andales, Allan A. LeCain, Dan R. Morgan, Jack A. TI Elevated CO2 further lengthens growing season under warming conditions SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; FLOWERING TIME; CARBON-DIOXIDE; GRASSLAND; PHENOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM; PLANTS; RESPONSES; SYSTEM AB Observations of a longer growing season through earlier plant growth in temperate to polar regions have been thought to be a response to climate warming(1-5). However, data from experimental warming studies indicate that many species that initiate leaf growth and flowering earlier also reach seed maturation and senesce earlier, shortening their active and reproductive periods(6-10). A conceptual model to explain this apparent contradiction(11), and an analysis of the effect of elevated CO2-which can delay annual life cycle events(12-14)-on changing season length, have not been tested. Here we show that experimental warming in a temperate grassland led to a longer growing season through earlier leaf emergence by the first species to leaf, often a grass, and constant or delayed senescence by other species that were the last to senesce, supporting the conceptual model. Elevated CO2 further extended growing, but not reproductive, season length in the warmed grassland by conserving water, which enabled most species to remain active longer. Our results suggest that a longer growing season, especially in years or biomes where water is a limiting factor, is not due to warming alone, but also to higher atmospheric CO2 concentrations that extend the active period of plant annual life cycles. C1 [Reyes-Fox, Melissa] ARS, USDA, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Reyes-Fox, Melissa; McMaster, Gregory S.] Northern Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Steltzer, Heidi] Ft Lewis Coll, Dept Biol, Durango, CO 81301 USA. [Trlica, M. J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McMaster, Gregory S.] ARS, USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Andales, Allan A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [LeCain, Dan R.; Morgan, Jack A.] ARS, USDA, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Steltzer, H (reprint author), Ft Lewis Coll, Dept Biol, Durango, CO 81301 USA. EM Melissa.reyes@ars.usda.gov; steltzer_h@fortlewis.edu FU US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Center (USDA-ARS) Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program; US Department of Energy's Office of Science through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program; National Science Foundation (DEB) [1021559]; Colorado State University FX The following individuals contributed to the installation and maintenance of the Prairie Heating and CO2 Enrichment (PHACE) project: D. Smith, D. Blumenthal, E. Pendall, E. Hardy, L. Griffith, A. Hansen, K. Corp, V. Banuelos, G. Tinnin, M. West, C. Brooks, M. Busick, D. Milchunas, G. Dunn and L. Ahuja. Funding for this work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Center (USDA-ARS) Climate Change, Soils & Emissions Program, by the US Department of Energy's Office of Science through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program, by the National Science Foundation (DEB no. 1021559) and by Colorado State University. D. Inouye provided comments that improved the manuscript. NR 27 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 14 U2 163 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 12 PY 2014 VL 510 IS 7504 BP 259 EP + DI 10.1038/nature13207 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AI7AT UT WOS:000337032400048 PM 24759322 ER PT J AU Ziska, LH AF Ziska, Lewis H. TI Increasing Minimum Daily Temperatures Are Associated with Enhanced Pesticide Use in Cultivated Soybean along a Latitudinal Gradient in the Mid-Western United States SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOOD SECURITY; ELEVATED CO2; AGRICULTURE; PESTS; IMPACT; YIELDS; WEEDS AB Assessments of climate change and food security often do not consider changes to crop production as a function of altered pest pressures. Evaluation of potential changes may be difficult, in part, because management practices are routinely utilized in situ to minimize pest injury. If so, then such practices, should, in theory, also change with climate, although this has never been quantified. Chemical (pesticide) applications remain the primary means of managing pests in industrialized countries. While a wide range of climate variables can influence chemical use, minimum daily temperature (lowest 24 h recorded temperature in a given year) can be associated with the distribution and thermal survival of many agricultural pests in temperate regions. The current study quantifies average pesticide applications since 1999 for commercial soybean grown over a 2100 km North-South latitudinal transect for seven states that varied in minimum daily temperature (1999-2013) from -28.6 degrees C (Minnesota) to -5.1 degrees C (Louisiana). Although soybean yields (per hectare) did not vary by state, total pesticide applications (kg of active ingredient, ai, per hectare) increased from 4.3 to 6.5 over this temperature range. Significant correlations were observed between minimum daily temperatures and kg of ai for all pesticide classes. This suggested that minimum daily temperature could serve as a proxy for pesticide application. Longer term temperature data (1977-2013) indicated greater relative increases in minimum daily temperatures for northern relative to southern states. Using these longer-term trends to determine short-term projections of pesticide use (to 2023) showed a greater comparative increase in herbicide use for soybean in northern; but a greater increase in insecticide and fungicide use for southern states in a warmer climate. Overall, these data suggest that increases in pesticide application rates may be a means to maintain soybean production in response to rising minimum daily temperatures and potential increases in pest pressures. C1 ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM l.ziska@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 11 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e98516 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098516 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK7TQ UT WOS:000338631000018 PM 24918585 ER PT J AU Chen, J Rashid, T Feng, GL AF Chen, Jian Rashid, Tahir Feng, Guolei TI A Comparative Study between Solenopsis invicta and Solenopsis richteri on Tolerance to Heat and Desiccation Stresses SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FIRE ANT HYMENOPTERA; FORMICIDAE POPULATIONS; WATER RELATIONS; PHYSIOLOGY; FORAGERS AB Solenopsis invicta and Solenopsis richteri are two very closely related invasive ant species; however, S. invicta is a much more successful invader. Physiological tolerance to abiotic stress has been hypothesized to be important to the success of an invasive species. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that S. invicta is more tolerant to heat and desiccation stress than S. richteri. The data strongly support our hypothesis. S. invicta was found to be significantly less vulnerable than S. richteri to both heat and desiccation stress. Despite S. richteri having significantly higher body water content, S. invicta was less sensitive to desiccation stress due to its significantly lower water loss rate (higher desiccation resistance). After the cuticular lipid was removed, S. invicta still had a significantly lower water loss rate than S. richteri, indicating that cuticular lipids were not the only factors accounting for difference in the desiccation resistance between these two species. Since multiple biological and/or ecological traits can contribute to the invasion success of a particular species, whether the observed difference in tolerance to heat and desiccation stresses is indeed associated with the variation in invasion success between these two species can only be confirmed by further extensive comparative study. C1 [Chen, Jian] ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rashid, Tahir; Feng, Guolei] Alcorn State Univ, Extens Res Demonstrat Farm & Technol Transfer Ctr, Mound Bayou, MS USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM jian.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 10 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e96842 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0096842 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN9SD UT WOS:000340947700006 ER PT J AU Skinner, C Patfield, S Stanker, LH Fratamico, P He, XH AF Skinner, Craig Patfield, Stephanie Stanker, Larry H. Fratamico, Pina He, Xiaohua TI New High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibodies against Shiga Toxin 1 Facilitate the Detection of Hybrid Stx1/Stx2 In Vivo SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENCODING BACTERIOPHAGES; B-SUBUNIT; VARIANTS; MICE; ASSOCIATION; STRAINS; DISEASE; STEC AB Background: Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) are a group of common and potentially deadly intestinal pathogens expressing Shiga toxin (Stx) as a primary virulence factor. Of the two types of Stx, Stx2 is responsible for more severe symptoms during infection, while Stx1 is almost identical to the Shiga toxin from Shigella dysenteriae, a ubiquitous pathogen in developing countries. Although antibodies against Stx1 have been reported, few have reached the affinity needed for assembling highly sensitive immunoassays. Sensitive and affordable immunoassays for Stx1 and Stx2 could help improve detection of STEC in livestock, food, the environment, and in clinical samples resulting in improved food safety and human health. Method and Findings: Three new monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against the B subunit of Stx1 were generated using recombinant toxoid Stx1E167Q and hybridoma technology. These new mAbs recognize all subtypes of Stx1, but do not cross-react with any subtype of Stx2. In addition, they exhibited the ability to neutralize Stx1 toxicity in Vero cell assays. An optimized sandwich ELISA using of a pair of these mAbs had a limit of detection of 8.7 pg/mL, which is superior to any existing assay of this kind. Using one of these Stx1 mAbs in concert with Stx2 mAbs, the presence of hybrid Stx1/Stx2 toxin in the culture media of STEC strains that express both Stx1 and Stx2 was demonstrated. Conclusions: These new mAbs provide a mix of availability, utility, versatility, and most importantly, increased sensitivity for detection of Stx1. There are numerous potential applications for these mAbs, including low-cost detection assays and therapeutic use. Analysis of hybrid Stx1/2 could provide new insights on the structure, activity, and cellular targets of Shiga toxins. C1 [Skinner, Craig; Patfield, Stephanie; Stanker, Larry H.; He, Xiaohua] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Fratamico, Pina] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA USA. RP He, XH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS National Program [NP108]; CRIS project [5325-42000-048-00D] FX This research was supported by USDA-ARS National Program NP108, CRIS project 5325-42000-048-00D. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 10 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99854 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099854 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN9SD UT WOS:000340947700137 PM 24914553 ER PT J AU Steele, LD Muir, WM Seong, KM Valero, MC Rangesa, M Sun, WL Clark, JM Coates, B Pittendrigh, BR AF Steele, Laura D. Muir, William M. Seong, Keon Mook Valero, M. Carmen Rangesa, Madhumitha Sun, Weilin Clark, John M. Coates, Brad Pittendrigh, Barry R. TI Genome-Wide Sequencing and an Open Reading Frame Analysis of Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) Susceptible (91-C) and Resistant (91-R) Drosophila melanogaster Laboratory Populations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; CROSS-RESISTANCE; STRAINS; DIPTERA; ASSOCIATION; PERMETHRIN; SELECTION; GENE AB The Drosophila melanogaster 91-R and 91-C strains are of common origin, however, 91-R has been intensely selected for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) resistance over six decades while 91-C has been maintained as the non-selected control strain. These fly strains represent a unique genetic resource to understand the accumulation and fixation of mutations under laboratory conditions over decades of pesticide selection. Considerable research has been done to investigate the differential expression of genes associated with the highly DDT resistant strain 91-R, however, with the advent of whole genome sequencing we can now begin to develop an in depth understanding of the genomic changes associated with this intense decades-long xenobiotic selection pressure. Here we present the first whole genome sequencing analysis of the 91-R and 91-C fly strains to identify genome-wide structural changes within the open reading frames. Between-strain changes in allele frequencies revealed a higher percent of new alleles going to fixation for the 91-R strain, as compared to 91-C (P<0.0001). These results suggest that resistance to DDT in the 91-R laboratory strain could potentially be due primarily to new mutations, as well as being polygenic rather than the result of a few major mutations, two hypotheses that remain to be tested. C1 [Steele, Laura D.; Seong, Keon Mook; Valero, M. Carmen; Rangesa, Madhumitha; Sun, Weilin; Pittendrigh, Barry R.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Muir, William M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Clark, John M.] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Coates, Brad] Iowa State Univ, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. RP Steele, LD (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM steele11@illinois.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [3625-22000-017-00]; Iowa State University Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA [3543] FX This work was primarily funded by the C. W. Kearns, C. L. Metcalf and W. P. Flint Endowment. Additional funding support came from the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS; Appropriated CRIS Project 3625-22000-017-00) and the Iowa State University Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station, Ames, IA (Project 3543). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 10 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e98584 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098584 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN9SD UT WOS:000340947700026 PM 24915415 ER PT J AU Looft, T Allen, HK Casey, TA Alt, DP Stanton, TB AF Looft, Torey Allen, Heather K. Casey, Thomas A. Alt, David P. Stanton, Thaddeus B. TI Carbadox has both temporary and lasting effects on the swine gut microbiota SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbadox; antibiotics; microbiome; phylotype; 16S rRNA; digital PCR ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; GROWTH PROMOTERS; GENETIC-MARKERS; IN-VITRO; BACTERIA; BUTYRATE; DIVERSITY; COMMENSAL; DATABASE AB Antibiotics are used in livestock and poultry production to treat and prevent disease as well as to promote animal growth. Carbadox is an in-feed antibiotic that is widely used in swine production to prevent dysentery and to improve feed efficiency. The goal of this study was to characterize the effects of carbadox and its withdrawal on the swine gut microbiota. Six pigs (initially 3-weeks old) received feed containing carbadox and six received unamended feed. After 3-weeks of continuous carbadox administration, all pigs were switched to a maintenance diet without carbadox. DNA was extracted from feces (n = 142) taken before, during, and following (6-week withdrawal) carbadox treatment. Phylotype analysis using 16S rRNA sequences showed the gradual development of the non-medicated swine gut microbiota over the 8-week study, and that the carbadox-treated pigs had significant differences in bacterial membership relative to non-medicated pigs. Enumeration of fecal Escherichia coli showed that a diet change concurrent with carbadox withdrawal was associated with an increase in the E. coli in the non-medicated pigs, suggesting that carbadox pre-treatment prevented an increase of E. coli populations. In-feed carbadox caused striking effects within 4 days of administration, with significant alterations in both community structure and bacterial membership, notably a large relative increase in Prevotella populations in medicated pigs. Digital PCR was used to show that the absolute abundance of Prevotella was unchanged between the medicated and non-medicated pigs despite the relative increase shown in the phylotype analysis. Carbadox therefore caused a decrease in the abundance of other gut bacteria but did not affect the absolute abundance of Prevotella. The pending regulation on antibiotics used in animal production underscores the importance of understanding how they modulate the microbiota and impact animal health, which will inform the search for antibiotic alternatives. C1 [Looft, Torey; Allen, Heather K.; Casey, Thomas A.; Alt, David P.; Stanton, Thaddeus B.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Looft, T (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM torey.looft@ars.usda.gov; heather.allen@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 43 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-302X J9 FRONT MICROBIOL JI Front. Microbiol. PD JUN 10 PY 2014 VL 5 DI 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00276 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AJ2YN UT WOS:000337531400001 ER PT J AU Kommadath, A Bao, H Arantes, AS Plastow, GS Tuggle, CK Bearson, SMD Guan, LL Stothard, P AF Kommadath, Arun Bao, Hua Arantes, Adriano S. Plastow, Graham S. Tuggle, Christopher K. Bearson, Shawn M. D. Guan, Le Luo Stothard, Paul TI Gene co-expression network analysis identifies porcine genes associated with variation in Salmonella shedding SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; PROTEIN FAMILIES; EXPRESSION DATA; CARRIER-STATE; RESISTANCE; INFECTION; INTEGRATION; CYTOSCAPE; PACKAGE; SWINE AB Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium is a gram-negative bacterium that can colonise the gut of humans and several species of food producing farm animals to cause enteric or septicaemic salmonellosis. While many studies have looked into the host genetic response to Salmonella infection, relatively few have used correlation of shedding traits with gene expression patterns to identify genes whose variable expression among different individuals may be associated with differences in Salmonella clearance and resistance. Here, we aimed to identify porcine genes and gene co-expression networks that differentiate distinct responses to Salmonella challenge with respect to faecal Salmonella shedding. Results: Peripheral blood transcriptome profiles from 16 pigs belonging to extremes of the trait of faecal Salmonella shedding counts recorded up to 20 days post-inoculation (low shedders (LS), n = 8; persistent shedders (PS), n = 8) were generated using RNA-sequencing from samples collected just before (day 0) and two days after (day 2) Salmonella inoculation. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) of day 0 samples identified four modules of co-expressed genes significantly correlated with Salmonella shedding counts upon future challenge. Two of those modules consisted largely of innate immunity related genes, many of which were significantly up-regulated at day 2 post-inoculation. The connectivity at both days and the mean gene-wise expression levels at day 0 of the genes within these modules were higher in networks constructed using LS samples alone than those using PS alone. Genes within these modules include those previously reported to be involved in Salmonella resistance such as SLC11A1 (formerly NRAMP1), TLR4, CD14 and CCR1 and those for which an association with Salmonella is novel, for example, SIGLEC5, IGSF6 and TNFSF13B. Conclusions: Our analysis integrates gene co-expression network analysis, gene-trait correlations and differential expression to provide new candidate regulators of Salmonella shedding in pigs. The comparatively higher expression (also confirmed in an independent dataset) and the significantly higher connectivity of genes within the Salmonella shedding associated modules in LS compared to PS even before Salmonella challenge may be factors that contribute to the decreased faecal Salmonella shedding observed in LS following challenge. C1 [Kommadath, Arun; Bao, Hua; Arantes, Adriano S.; Plastow, Graham S.; Guan, Le Luo; Stothard, Paul] Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Tuggle, Christopher K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. [Bearson, Shawn M. D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Guan, LL (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Agr Food & Nutr Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada. EM lguan@ualberta.ca; stothard@ualberta.ca FU Applied Livestock Genomics Program - Genome Alberta [ALGP13]; Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency [2010R097S]; Large-Scale Applied Research Project, Application of Genomics to Improve Swine Health and Welfare - Genome Canada; USDA-ARS-NADC [USDA-NIFA-2009-35205-05192]; Genome Alberta; Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency FX This work is supported by the Applied Livestock Genomics Program (ALGP13) funded by Genome Alberta and the Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency, and the Large-Scale Applied Research Project, Application of Genomics to Improve Swine Health and Welfare, funded by Genome Canada, Genome Alberta and the Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency. Blood samples were provided from Salmonella challenge studies conducted at USDA-ARS-NADC in a project funded by USDA-NIFA-2009-35205-05192. Graham Plastow, Le Luo Guan, and Paul Stothard are grateful for the financial support of the Alberta Livestock and Meat Agency (project number 2010R097S). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Xu Sun is gratefully acknowledged for his role in the lab work and for editing the Methods section. We also thank the editor and the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and help in improving the manuscript. NR 54 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 21 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUN 9 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 452 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-452 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AJ5DV UT WOS:000337703100001 PM 24912583 ER PT J AU Mi, TJ Liang, X Ding, L Zhang, SX Eremin, SA Beier, RC Shen, JZ Wang, ZH AF Mi, Tiejun Liang, Xiao Ding, Long Zhang, Suxia Eremin, Sergei A. Beier, Ross C. Shen, Jianzhong Wang, Zhanhui TI Development and optimization of a fluorescence polarization immunoassay for orbifloxacin in milk SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CHICKEN MUSCLE; WATER SAMPLES; HERBICIDE; SULFAMETHAZINE; FOOD; DEOXYNIVALENOL; SULFADIAZINE; VALIDATION; WHEAT AB A novel monoclonal antibody for orbifloxacin (ORB) was produced for the first time and used to develop a homogeneous fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) for ORB determination in milk. Three coating antigens and six fluorescent tracers were prepared, and evaluated by ELISA and FPIA methods, respectively. Heterogeneous tracer, LOM-BDF, was selected to develop the FPIA, providing high sensitivity and stability. Moreover, a new optimization strategy for tracer and Ab concentration was proposed by integrating Z' factor into checkerboard titration, and Z' factor >0.8 was considered as a prerequisite to ensure the robustness of quantitative FPIA. The optimized FPIA provided a detection limit of 3.9 ng mL(-1) and IC50 of 24.5 ng mL(-1) with an expected Z' factor of 0.81. Saturated (NH4)(2)SO4 Precipitation was applied for milk sample pre-treatment due to high tolerance to elevated-ionic strength in the FPIA. Mean recoveries of fortified milk ranged from 74.3 to 112% at the adding levels of 10, 20 and 40 ng mL(-1). The results indicate that the developed FPIA is efficient and especially suitable for fast screening of ORB in milk. C1 [Mi, Tiejun; Liang, Xiao; Ding, Long; Zhang, Suxia; Shen, Jianzhong; Wang, Zhanhui] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Eremin, Sergei A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Chem, Moscow 119991, Russia. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Wang, ZH (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM wangzhanhui@cau.edu.cn FU Trans-Century Training Programme Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education [NCET-12-0529]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31372475]; CAU Fundamental Research Funds [2012QJ111]; Beijing Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Fund [YB20081001902]; Sino-Russian International Scientific and Technological Cooperation [2011DFR30470] FX This work is supported by the grants from Trans-Century Training Programme Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education (NCET-12-0529), National Natural Science Foundation of China (no.31372475), CAU Fundamental Research Funds (2012QJ111), Beijing Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Fund (YB20081001902) and Sino-Russian International Scientific and Technological Cooperation (2011DFR30470). NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 35 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 EI 1759-9679 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PD JUN 7 PY 2014 VL 6 IS 11 BP 3849 EP 3857 DI 10.1039/c3ay42034e PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA AI4FE UT WOS:000336820300047 ER PT J AU Irvin, MR Zhi, DG Aslibekyan, S Claas, SA Absher, DM Ordovas, JM Tiwari, HK Watkins, S Arnett, DK AF Irvin, Marguerite R. Zhi, Degui Aslibekyan, Stella Claas, Steven A. Absher, Devin M. Ordovas, Jose M. Tiwari, Hemant K. Watkins, Steve Arnett, Donna K. TI Genomics of Post-Prandial Lipidomic Phenotypes in the Genetics of Lipid Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; SERUM PLANT STEROLS; HEART-DISEASE; CHOLESTEROL ABSORPTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; FENOFIBRATE TREATMENT AB Background: Increased postprandial lipid (PPL) response to dietary fat intake is a heritable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Variability in postprandial lipids results from the complex interplay of dietary and genetic factors. We hypothesized that detailed lipid profiles (eg, sterols and fatty acids) may help elucidate specific genetic and dietary pathways contributing to the PPL response. Methods and Results: We used gas chromatography mass spectrometry to quantify the change in plasma concentration of 35 fatty acids and 11 sterols between fasting and 3.5 hours after the consumption of a high-fat meal (PPL challenge) among 40 participants from the GOLDN study. Correlations between sterols, fatty acids and clinical measures were calculated. Mixed linear regression was used to evaluate associations between lipidomic profiles and genomic markers including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and methylation markers derived from the Affymetrix 6.0 array and the Illumina Methy1450 array, respectively. After the PPL challenge, fatty acids increased as well as sterols associated with cholesterol absorption, while sterols associated with cholesterol synthesis decreased. PPL saturated fatty acids strongly correlated with triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein, and chylomicrons. Two SNPs (rs12247017 and rs12240292) in the sorbin and 5H3 domain containing 1 (SORBSI) gene were associated with b-Sitosterol after correction for multiple testing (P <= 4.5*10(-10)). SORBSI has been linked to obesity and insulin signaling. No other markers reached the genome-wide significance threshold, yet several other biologically relevant loci are highlighted (eg, PRIC285, a co-activator of PPARa). Conclusions: Integration of lipidomic and genomic data has the potential to identify new biomarkers of CVD risk. C1 [Irvin, Marguerite R.; Aslibekyan, Stella; Claas, Steven A.; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Zhi, Degui; Tiwari, Hemant K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Absher, Devin M.] HudsonAlpha Inst Biotechnol, Huntsville, AL USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Ctr Nacl Invest Cardiovasc, Dept Epidemiol Atherothrombosis & Imaging, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Watkins, Steve] Metabolon, Lipom Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Irvin, MR (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM irvinr@uab.edu OI Claas, Steven/0000-0001-9789-8395 FU NIH HHS/United States [R01 HL091357/HL/NHLBI, R01 HL104135/HL/NHLBI] FX The full funding information for this manuscript in correct notation is as follows: R01 HL091357/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States and R01 HL104135/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States. No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 101 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 6 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99509 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099509 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP1YS UT WOS:000341869000123 PM 24905834 ER PT J AU Lopez-Guimera, G Dashti, HS Smith, CE Sanchez-Carracedo, D Ordovas, JM Garaulet, M AF Lopez-Guimera, Gemma Dashti, Hassan S. Smith, Caren E. Sanchez-Carracedo, David Ordovas, Jose M. Garaulet, Marta TI CLOCK 3111 T/C SNP Interacts with Emotional Eating Behavior for Weight-Loss in a Mediterranean Population SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FOOD-INTAKE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; LOSS MAINTENANCE; GENE POLYMORPHISM; LIFE-STYLE; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; STRESS; WOMEN; PROGRAM AB Objective: The goals of this research was (1) to analyze the role of emotional eating behavior on weight-loss progression during a 30-week weight-loss program in 1,272 individuals from a large Mediterranean population and (2) to test for interaction between CLOCK 3111 T/C SNP and emotional eating behavior on the effectiveness of the weight-loss program. Design and Methods: A total of 1,272 overweight and obese participants (BMI: 31 +/- 5 kg/m(2)), aged 20 to 65 years, attending outpatient weight-loss clinics were recruited for this analysis. Emotional eating behavior was assessed by the Emotional Eating Questionnaire (EEQ), a questionnaire validated for overweight and obese Spanish subjects. Anthropometric measures, dietary intake and weight-loss progression were assessed and analyzed throughout the 30-week program. Multivariate analysis and linear regression models were performed to test for gene-environment interaction. Results: Weight-loss progression during the 30-week program differed significantly according to the degree of emotional eating behavior. Participants classified as 'very emotional eaters' experienced more irregular (P = 0.007) weight-loss, with a lower rate of weight decline (-0.002 vs. -0.003, P<0.05) in comparison with less emotional eaters. The percentage of weight-loss was also significantly higher in 'non-emotional eaters' (P = 0.009). Additionally, we identified a significant gene-environment interaction associated with weight-loss at the CLOCK 3111 T/C locus (P = 0.017). By dichotomizing the emotional eating behavior score, linear regression analysis indicated that minor C allele carriers with a high emotional score (> = 11), lost significantly less weight than those C carriers with a low emotional score (<11) (P = 0.005). Conclusions: Emotional eating behavior associates with weight-loss pattern, progression and total weight-loss. Additionally, CLOCK 3111 T/C SNP interacts with emotional eating behavior to modulate total weight loss. These results suggest that the assessment of this locus and emotional eating behavior could improve the development of effective, long-tern weight-management interventions. C1 [Lopez-Guimera, Gemma; Sanchez-Carracedo, David] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Dept Clin & Hlth Psychol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Dashti, Hassan S.; Smith, Caren E.; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Garaulet, Marta] Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Murcia, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Dept Epidemiol, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Alimentac IMDEA, Madrid, Spain. RP Garaulet, M (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Dept Physiol, Murcia, Spain. EM garaulet@um.es RI Sanchez-Carracedo, David/A-4505-2009; OI Sanchez-Carracedo, David/0000-0002-3945-6940; Dashti, Hassan S/0000-0002-1650-679X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-54776, K08 HL112845]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK075030]; NIMHD NIH HHS [L60 MD003562] NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 6 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99152 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099152 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP1YS UT WOS:000341869000106 PM 24905098 ER PT J AU Fjaere, E Aune, UL Roen, K Keenan, AH Ma, T Borkowski, K Kristensen, DM Novotny, GW Mandrup-Poulsen, T Hudson, BD Milligan, G Xi, YN Newman, JW Haj, FG Liaset, B Kristiansen, K Madsen, L AF Fjaere, Even Aune, Ulrike L. Roen, Kristin Keenan, Alison H. Ma, Tao Borkowski, Kamil Kristensen, David M. Novotny, Guy W. Mandrup-Poulsen, Thomas Hudson, Brian D. Milligan, Graeme Xi, Yannan Newman, John W. Haj, Fawaz G. Liaset, Bjorn Kristiansen, Karsten Madsen, Lise TI Indomethacin Treatment Prevents High Fat Diet-induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance but Not Glucose Intolerance in C57BL/6J Mice SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ACID; CYCLOOXYGENASE-2; INFLAMMATION; HOMEOSTASIS; SECRETION; CELLS; PROSTAGLANDIN-E2; ACCUMULATION; METABOLISM AB Chronic low grade inflammation is closely linked to obesity-associated insulin resistance. To examine how administration of the anti-inflammatory compound indomethacin, a general cyclooxygenase inhibitor, affected obesity development and insulin sensitivity, we fed obesity-prone male C57BL/6J mice a high fat/high sucrose (HF/HS) diet or a regular diet supplemented or not with indomethacin (+/- INDO) for 7 weeks. Development of obesity, insulin resistance, and glucose intolerance was monitored, and the effect of indomethacin on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) was measured in vivo and in vitro using MIN6 beta-cells. We found that supplementation with indomethacin prevented HF/HS-induced obesity and diet-induced changes in systemic insulin sensitivity. Thus, HF/HS+INDO-fed mice remained insulin-sensitive. However, mice fed HF/HS+INDO exhibited pronounced glucose intolerance. Hepatic glucose output was significantly increased. Indomethacin had no effect on adipose tissue mass, glucose tolerance, or GSIS when included in a regular diet. Indomethacin administration to obese mice did not reduce adipose tissue mass, and the compensatory increase in GSIS observed in obese mice was not affected by treatment with indomethacin. We demonstrate that indomethacin did not inhibit GSIS per se, but activation of GPR40 in the presence of indomethacin inhibited glucose-dependent insulin secretion in MIN6 cells. We conclude that constitutive high hepatic glucose output combined with impaired GSIS in response to activation of GPR40-dependent signaling in the HF/HS+INDO-fed mice contributed to the impaired glucose clearance during a glucose challenge and that the resulting lower levels of plasma insulin prevented the obesogenic action of the HF/HS diet. C1 [Fjaere, Even; Aune, Ulrike L.; Roen, Kristin; Keenan, Alison H.; Ma, Tao; Borkowski, Kamil; Kristiansen, Karsten; Madsen, Lise] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-1165 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Fjaere, Even; Aune, Ulrike L.; Milligan, Graeme; Liaset, Bjorn; Madsen, Lise] Natl Inst Nutr & Seafood Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway. [Keenan, Alison H.; Xi, Yannan; Newman, John W.; Haj, Fawaz G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Haj, Fawaz G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kristensen, David M.] Univ Rennes 1, INSERM, U1085, IRSET, Rennes, France. [Kristensen, David M.] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Biomed Sci, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Novotny, Guy W.; Mandrup-Poulsen, Thomas] Univ 2200 Copenhagen, Dept Biomed Sci, Sect Endocrinol Res, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Mandrup-Poulsen, Thomas] Karolinska Inst, Dept Mol Med & Surg, S-17177 Solna, Sweden. [Hudson, Brian D.] Univ Glasgow, Inst Mol Cell & Syst Biol, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Newman, John W.] ARS, USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kristiansen, K (reprint author), Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. EM kk@bio.ku.dk; lise.madsen@nifes.no RI Madsen, Lise/C-6246-2012; Hudson, Brian/H-4845-2013; Kristiansen, Karsten/J-5148-2014; OI Madsen, Lise/0000-0003-4468-1947; Hudson, Brian/0000-0001-7059-0091; Kristiansen, Karsten/0000-0002-6024-0917; Novotny, Guy/0000-0002-1828-1053 FU National Institutes of Health [RO1DK090492]; European Union FP7 project DIABAT [HEALTH-F2-2011-278373]; Danish Natural Science Research Council; Novo Nordisk Foundation; Carlsberg Foundation; SHARE Cross Faculty Ph.D. Initiative of the University of Copenhagen; NIFES; Danish Council for Strategic Research Grant [2101 06 0005, 11-116196]; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation [1-2009-337]; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Grants [5306-51000-016-00D, 5306-51000-019-00D]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture National Needs Fellowship [2008-38420-04759] FX This work was supported, in whole or in part, by National Institutes of Health Grant RO1DK090492 (to F. G. H.). This work was also supported by the European Union FP7 project DIABAT (HEALTH-F2-2011-278373), the Danish Natural Science Research Council, the Novo Nordisk Foundation, the Carlsberg Foundation, the SHARE Cross Faculty Ph.D. Initiative of the University of Copenhagen, and NIFES. Part of this work was carried out as a part of the research program of the Danish Obesity Research Centre (DanORC). DanORC is supported by Danish Council for Strategic Research Grant 2101 06 0005. Part of this work was also supported by Danish Council for Strategic Research Grant 11-116196 for the FFARMED project. The laboratory of F. G. H. is supported by Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Grant 1-2009-337. This study was supported in part by intramural funds from United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service Grants 5306-51000-016-00D (to J. W. N.) and 5306-51000-019-00D (to J. W. N.) and National Institute of Food and Agriculture National Needs Fellowship 2008-38420-04759 (to A. H. K.). NR 44 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 6 PY 2014 VL 289 IS 23 BP 16032 EP 16045 DI 10.1074/jbc.M113.525220 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AJ8ON UT WOS:000337965700013 ER PT J AU Williams, DJ Denno, BD AF Williams, Douglas J. Denno, Barbara D. TI Scale insect genus-group names and their families (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE genera; families; scale insects; list AB Genus names of the scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) are listed with their current families. The list includes all generic names that are currently valid with synonyms, unjustified emendations, homonyms, nomia nuda and misspellings. The list has been compiled from many sources as discussed in the introduction. This is the first list to be prepared in recent years of all generic names and it is in alphabetical order. C1 [Williams, Douglas J.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci Entomol, London SW7 5BD, England. [Denno, Barbara D.] Florida State Collect Arthropods, Dept Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL USA. [Denno, Barbara D.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Williams, DJ (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci Entomol, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. EM djwilliamstriloc@aol.com; Barbara.Denno@sel.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JUN 6 PY 2014 VL 3813 IS 1 BP 1 EP 84 PG 84 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AI5JX UT WOS:000336903400001 ER PT J AU Ni, WM Xu, SL Tepperman, JM Stanley, DJ Maltby, DA Gross, JD Burlingame, AL Wang, ZY Quail, PH AF Ni, Weimin Xu, Shou-Ling Tepperman, James M. Stanley, David J. Maltby, Dave A. Gross, John D. Burlingame, Alma L. Wang, Zhi-Yong Quail, Peter H. TI A mutually assured destruction mechanism attenuates light signaling in Arabidopsis SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BHLH TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; PHYTOCHROME B; INDUCED PHOSPHORYLATION; UBIQUITIN LIGASES; DEGRADATION; PIF3; PROTEINS; ACTS; LOOP AB After light-induced nuclear translocation, phytochrome photoreceptors interact with and induce rapid phosphorylation and degradation of basic helix-loop-helix transcription factors, such as PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3 (PIF3), to regulate gene expression. Concomitantly, this interaction triggers feedback reduction of phytochrome B (phyB) levels. Light-induced phosphorylation of PIF3 is necessary for the degradation of both proteins. We report that this PIF3 phosphorylation induces, and is necessary for, recruitment of LRB [Light-Response Bric-a-Brack/Tramtrack/Broad (BTB)] E3 ubiquitin ligases to the PIF3-phyB complex. The recruited LRBs promote concurrent polyubiqutination and degradation of both PIF3 and phyB in vivo. These data reveal a linked signal-transmission and attenuation mechanism involving mutually assured destruction of the receptor and its immediate signaling partner. C1 [Ni, Weimin; Tepperman, James M.; Quail, Peter H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Ni, Weimin; Tepperman, James M.; Quail, Peter H.] ARS, Plant Gene Express Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Xu, Shou-Ling; Stanley, David J.; Maltby, Dave A.; Gross, John D.; Burlingame, Alma L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pharmaceut Chem, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Xu, Shou-Ling; Wang, Zhi-Yong] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Plant Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Quail, PH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM quail@berkeley.edu RI Wang, Zhi-Yong/E-3810-2012 OI Wang, Zhi-Yong/0000-0003-4602-3390 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [2R01 GM-047475]; U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) [DEFG03-87ER13742]; USDA ARS Current Research Information System [5335-21000-032-00D]; NIH [5R01GM066258, 8P41GM103481, P50 GM082250]; DOE [DEFG02-08ER15973] FX We thank R. J. Chalkley, A. Pfeiffer, M. Zhuang, and B. A. Schulman for materials and technical assistance and S. McCormick for comments on the manuscript. We also thank the Salk Institute and Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center for the Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion lines. The plasmid pGEX-CUL3 (split 'n' coexpress)-Rbx1 used in the in vitro ubiquitination assays was provided by B. A. Schulman under a materials transfer agreement with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital. For access to this reagent, contact B. A. Schulman. The supplementary materials contain additional data. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (2R01 GM-047475), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) (DEFG03-87ER13742), and USDA ARS Current Research Information System (5335-21000-032-00D) to P. H. Q; by NIH (5R01GM066258) and DOE (DEFG02-08ER15973) to Z.Y.W.; by NIH (8P41GM103481) to A. L. B; and by NIH (P50 GM082250) to J.D.G. NR 25 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 45 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 6 PY 2014 VL 344 IS 6188 BP 1160 EP 1164 DI 10.1126/science.1250778 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AI3UU UT WOS:000336791200048 PM 24904166 ER PT J AU Jiang, Y Xie, M Chen, WB Talbot, R Maddox, JF Faraut, T Wu, CH Muzny, DM Li, YX Zhang, WG Stanton, JA Brauning, R Barris, WC Hourlier, T Aken, BL Searle, SMJ Adelson, DL Bian, C Cam, GR Chen, YL Cheng, SF DeSilva, U Dixen, K Dong, Y Fan, GY Franklin, IR Fu, SY Fuentes-Utrilla, P Guan, R Highland, MA Holder, ME Huang, GD Ingham, AB Jhangiani, SN Kalra, D Kovar, CL Lee, SL Liu, WQ Liu, X Lu, CX Lv, T Mathew, T McWilliam, S Menzies, M Pan, SK Robelin, D Servin, B Townley, D Wang, WL Wei, B White, SN Yang, XH Ye, C Yue, YJ Zeng, P Zhou, Q Hansen, JB Kristiansen, K Gibbs, RA Flicek, P Warkup, CC Jones, HE Oddy, VH Nicholas, FW McEwan, JC Kijas, JW Wang, J Worley, KC Archibald, AL Cockett, N Xu, X Wang, W Dalrymple, BP AF Jiang, Yu Xie, Min Chen, Wenbin Talbot, Richard Maddox, Jillian F. Faraut, Thomas Wu, Chunhua Muzny, Donna M. Li, Yuxiang Zhang, Wenguang Stanton, Jo-Ann Brauning, Rudiger Barris, Wesley C. Hourlier, Thibaut Aken, Bronwen L. Searle, Stephen M. J. Adelson, David L. Bian, Chao Cam, Graham R. Chen, Yulin Cheng, Shifeng DeSilva, Udaya Dixen, Karen Dong, Yang Fan, Guangyi Franklin, Ian R. Fu, Shaoyin Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo Guan, Rui Highland, Margaret A. Holder, Michael E. Huang, Guodong Ingham, Aaron B. Jhangiani, Shalini N. Kalra, Divya Kovar, Christie L. Lee, Sandra L. Liu, Weiqing Liu, Xin Lu, Changxin Lv, Tian Mathew, Tittu McWilliam, Sean Menzies, Moira Pan, Shengkai Robelin, David Servin, Bertrand Townley, David Wang, Wenliang Wei, Bin White, Stephen N. Yang, Xinhua Ye, Chen Yue, Yaojing Zeng, Peng Zhou, Qing Hansen, Jacob B. Kristiansen, Karsten Gibbs, Richard A. Flicek, Paul Warkup, Christopher C. Jones, Huw E. Oddy, V. Hutton Nicholas, Frank W. McEwan, John C. Kijas, James W. Wang, Jun Worley, Kim C. Archibald, Alan L. Cockett, Noelle Xu, Xun Wang, Wen Dalrymple, Brian P. TI The sheep genome illuminates biology of the rumen and lipid metabolism SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PROLINE-RICH PROTEINS; CORNIFIED ENVELOPE; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTIONARY; EXPRESSION; RUMINANT; FAMILY; GENES; LIVER; SITE AB Sheep (Ovis aries) are a major source of meat, milk, and fiber in the form of wool and represent a distinct class of animals that have a specialized digestive organ, the rumen, that carries out the initial digestion of plant material. We have developed and analyzed a high-quality reference sheep genome and transcriptomes from 40 different tissues. We identified highly expressed genes encoding keratin cross-linking proteins associated with rumen evolution. We also identified genes involved in lipid metabolism that had been amplified and/or had altered tissue expression patterns. This may be in response to changes in the barrier lipids of the skin, an interaction between lipid metabolism and wool synthesis, and an increased role of volatile fatty acids in ruminants compared with nonruminant animals. C1 [Jiang, Yu; Zhang, Wenguang; Dong, Yang; Wang, Wen] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Zool, State Key Lab Genet Resources & Evolut, Kunming 650223, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Yu; Barris, Wesley C.; Adelson, David L.; Cam, Graham R.; DeSilva, Udaya; Franklin, Ian R.; Ingham, Aaron B.; McWilliam, Sean; Menzies, Moira; Townley, David; Kijas, James W.; Dalrymple, Brian P.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Anim Food & Hlth S, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. [Jiang, Yu; Chen, Yulin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Xie, Min; Chen, Wenbin; Li, Yuxiang; Bian, Chao; Cheng, Shifeng; Fan, Guangyi; Guan, Rui; Huang, Guodong; Liu, Weiqing; Liu, Xin; Lu, Changxin; Lv, Tian; Pan, Shengkai; Wang, Wenliang; Wei, Bin; Yang, Xinhua; Ye, Chen; Zeng, Peng; Zhou, Qing; Wang, Jun; Xu, Xun] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, Peoples R China. [Talbot, Richard; Fuentes-Utrilla, Pablo] Univ Edinburgh, Ediburgh Genom, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Maddox, Jillian F.; Wu, Chunhua; Cockett, Noelle] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Faraut, Thomas; Robelin, David; Servin, Bertrand] INRA, Lab Genet Cellulaire, UMR 444, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France. [Muzny, Donna M.; Holder, Michael E.; Jhangiani, Shalini N.; Kalra, Divya; Kovar, Christie L.; Lee, Sandra L.; Mathew, Tittu; Gibbs, Richard A.; Worley, Kim C.] Baylor Coll Med, Human Genome Sequencing Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zhang, Wenguang; Fu, Shaoyin] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Hohhot 010018, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Wenguang] Nei Mongol Bioinformat, Inst ATCG, Hohhot, Peoples R China. [Stanton, Jo-Ann] Univ Otago, Dept Anat, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. [Brauning, Rudiger; McEwan, John C.] AgResearch, Invermay Agr Ctr, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand. [Hourlier, Thibaut; Aken, Bronwen L.; Searle, Stephen M. J.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Dixen, Karen; Hansen, Jacob B.] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. [Highland, Margaret A.; White, Stephen N.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Highland, Margaret A.; White, Stephen N.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wei, Bin] Sichuan Agr Univ, Maize Res Inst, Chengdu 611130, Peoples R China. [Yue, Yaojing] Lanzhou Inst Husb & Pharmaceut Sci, Lanzhou 730050, Peoples R China. [Kristiansen, Karsten; Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. [Hourlier, Thibaut; Aken, Bronwen L.; Flicek, Paul] European Bioinformat Inst, European Mol Biol Lab, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Warkup, Christopher C.; Jones, Huw E.] Roslin Inst, Biosci Knowledge Transfer Network, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Oddy, V. Hutton] Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia. [Nicholas, Frank W.] Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Wang, Jun] King Abdulaziz Univ, Princess Al Jawhara Ctr Excellence Res Hereditary, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia. [Wang, Jun] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Macao 999078, Peoples R China. [Archibald, Alan L.] Roslin Inst, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. [Archibald, Alan L.] Univ Edinburgh, Royal Dick Sch Vet Studies, Easter Bush EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Dalrymple, BP (reprint author), Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Anim Food & Hlth S, St Lucia, Qld 4067, Australia. EM kworley@bcm.edu; alan.archibald@roslin.ed.ac.uk; noelle.cockett@usu.edu; xuxun@genomics.cn; wwang@mail.kiz.ac.cn; brian.dalrymple@csiro.au RI Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016; Ingham, Aaron/C-1166-2008; Hansen, Jacob/F-3775-2010; Kalra, Divya/N-5453-2014; Stanton, Jo-Ann/C-6621-2009; Dalrymple, Brian/F-8721-2010; Kijas, James/A-4656-2011; Jiang, Yu/O-5114-2015; Kristiansen, Karsten/J-5148-2014; Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; McEwan, John/A-1143-2008; Adelson, David/E-5506-2011 OI Hourlier, Thibaut/0000-0003-4894-7773; Servin, Bertrand/0000-0001-5141-0913; XIE, MIN/0000-0002-5652-5039; Brauning, Rudiger/0000-0001-5068-9166; Stanton, Jo-Ann/0000-0001-8139-4694; White, Stephen N./0000-0001-9255-6054; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874; Nicholas, Frank/0000-0002-9178-3965; Flicek, Paul/0000-0002-3897-7955; Archibald, Alan/0000-0001-9213-1830; Hansen, Jacob/0000-0001-5249-2586; Dalrymple, Brian/0000-0003-3891-5233; Kijas, James/0000-0002-1417-8278; Jiang, Yu/0000-0003-4821-3585; Kristiansen, Karsten/0000-0002-6024-0917; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; McEwan, John/0000-0003-4801-6207; Adelson, David/0000-0003-2404-5636 FU one 973 Program [2013CB835200]; one CAS Program [XDB13000000]; BGI-Shenzhen [ZYC200903240077A, ZYC200903240078A]; Inner Mongolia Agricultural University [30960246, 31260538]; Roslin Institute; University of Edinburgh and Biotechnology; Biological Sciences Research Council, UK (BBSRC) [BB/1025360/1, BB/I025328/1]; Institute Strategic Programme; National Capability Grants; Roslin Foundation; Scottish Government, UK; Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs/Higher Education Funding Council/Scottish Higher Education Funding Council Veterinary Training and Research Initiative, UK; USDA-ARS, USA; USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, USA [2008-03923, 2009-03305]; Wellcome Trust [WT095908, WT098051]; BBSRC [BB/I025506/1, BB/I025360/1]; European Molecular Biology Laboratory; USDA-NRSP-8, USA; USDA-ARS [5348-32000-031-00D]; Meat and Livestock Australia; Australian Wool Innovation Limited through SheepGENOMICS, Australia; Australian Government International Science Linkages Grant, Australia [CG090143]; University of Sydney, Australia; CSIRO, Australia; AgResearch, NZ, Beef + Lamb NZ through Ovita, New Zealand; INRA, France; Agence Nationale de la Recherche project SheepSNPQTL, France; European Union through the Seventh Framework Programme Quantomics project [KBBE222664]; 3SR project [KBBE245140]; Ole Romer grant from Danish Natural Science Research Council, BGI-Shenzhen, China; Earmarked Fund for Modern China Wool & Cashmere Technology Research System [nycytx-40-3]; Australian Department of Agriculture Food and Fisheries, Filling the Research Gap project, "Host control of methane emissions" FX The International Sheep Genomics Sequencing Consortium is grateful to the following for funding support for the sheep genome sequencing project: one 973 Program (no. 2013CB835200) and one CAS Program (XDB13000000) to Kunming Institute of Zoology, China; BGI-Shenzhen (ZYC200903240077A and ZYC200903240078A); China National GeneBank-Shenzhen for support for the storage of samples and data; Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (30960246 and 31260538); The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh and Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, UK (BBSRC): BB/1025360/1, BB/I025328/1, Institute Strategic Programme, and National Capability Grants; The Roslin Foundation; The Scottish Government, UK; Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs/Higher Education Funding Council/Scottish Higher Education Funding Council Veterinary Training and Research Initiative, UK; USDA-ARS, USA, USDA-National Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, USA (grant nos. 2008-03923 and 2009-03305); Wellcome Trust (grant nos. WT095908 and WT098051), BBSRC (grant nos. BB/I025506/1 and BB/I025360/1) and European Molecular Biology Laboratory; USDA-NRSP-8, USA; USDA-ARS grant 5348-32000-031-00D; Meat and Livestock Australia and Australian Wool Innovation Limited through SheepGENOMICS, Australia; Australian Government International Science Linkages Grant (CG090143), Australia; University of Sydney, Australia; CSIRO, Australia; AgResearch, NZ, Beef + Lamb NZ through Ovita, New Zealand; INRA and Agence Nationale de la Recherche project SheepSNPQTL, France; European Union through the Seventh Framework Programme Quantomics (KBBE222664) and 3SR (KBBE245140) projects; the Ole Romer grant from Danish Natural Science Research Council, BGI-Shenzhen, China; the Earmarked Fund for Modern China Wool & Cashmere Technology Research System (no. nycytx-40-3); and the Australian Department of Agriculture Food and Fisheries, Filling the Research Gap project, "Host control of methane emissions." We thank B. Freking (USDA-ARS-U.S. Meat Animal Research Center) for provision of Texel ram tissue samples for DNA extraction and sequencing. We thank the sequencing teams and other contributors; full details are in the acknowledgements section of the supplementary materials. We thank SheepGENOMICS and Utah State University for access to the genotyping data for the SheepGENOMICS and Louisiana State University flocks, respectively. We thank L. Goodman for help with condensing the text. The genome assemblies have been deposited in GenBank, Oar v1.0 (GCA_000005525.1), and Oar v3.1 (GCA_000298735.1) and in GigaDB, Oar v2.0 (http://dx.doi.org/10.5524/100023). The Ensembl annotation of the Oar v3.1 assembly is available at http://e74.ensembl.org, and the gene builds are available from ftp://ftp.ensembl.org/pub/release-74/bam/ovis_aries/genebuild/. The RNA-Seq data sets have been deposited in public databases: 83 samples from The Roslin Institute (European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) study accession PRJEB6169), seven tissues from the genome-sequenced Texel ewe and Gansu alpine fine wool sheep skin (GenBank accession GSE56643), and three blood samples (GenBank BioProject accession PRJNA245615). The methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq) raw reads from the Texel ewe liver have been deposited in GenBank (GSE56644). The bacterial artificial chromosome sequence assembly has been deposited in GenBank (KJ735098).; The raw reads of the genome sequencing projects have been deposited in public nucleotide databases: Texel ewe (GenBank accession SRA059406), Texel ram (ENA study accession PRJEB6251, GenBank accession SRP015759), and 0.5-fold coverage 454 sequencing of six animals (GenBank accessions SRP000982, SRP003883, and SRP006794). The authors declare no competing financial interests. NR 24 TC 72 Z9 78 U1 13 U2 132 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUN 6 PY 2014 VL 344 IS 6188 BP 1168 EP 1173 DI 10.1126/science.1252806 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AI3UU UT WOS:000336791200050 PM 24904168 ER PT J AU Lehiy, CJ Drolet, BS AF Lehiy, Christopher J. Drolet, Barbara S. TI The salivary secretome of the biting midge, Culicoides sonorensis SO PEERJ LA English DT Article DE Saliva; Culicoides sonorensis; Salivary proteins ID DISULFIDE CONNECTIVITY PREDICTION; GLAND TRANSCRIPTOMES; VARIIPENNIS COMPLEX; ALPHA-GLUCOSIDASE; VIRUS-INFECTION; AEDES-AEGYPTI; DIPTERA; CERATOPOGONIDAE; MOSQUITO; PROTEIN AB Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are hematophagous insects with over 1400 species distributed throughout the world. Many of these species are of particular agricultural importance as primary vectors of bluetongue and Schmallenberg viruses, yet little is known about Culicoides genomics and proteomics. Detailed studies of members from other blood-feeding Dipteran families, including those of mosquito (Culicidae) and black fly (Simuliidae), have shown that protein components within the insect's saliva facilitate the blood feeding process. To determine the protein components in Culicoides sonorensis midges, secreted saliva was collected for peptide sequencing by tandem mass spectrometry. Forty-five secreted proteins were identified, including members of the D7 odorant binding protein family, Kunitz-like serine protease inhibitors, maltase, trypsin, and six novel proteins unique to C. sonorensis. Identifying the complex myriad of proteins in saliva from blood-feeding Dipteran species is critical for understanding their role in blood feeding, arbovirus transmission, and possibly the resulting disease pathogenesis. C1 [Lehiy, Christopher J.; Drolet, Barbara S.] ARS, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Drolet, BS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM barbara.drolet@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5430 32000 003, 5430 3200 006] FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under the National Programs of Veterinary, Medical and Urban Entomology (Project Number 5430 32000 003) and Animal Health (Project Number 5430 3200 006). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU PEERJ INC PI LONDON PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND SN 2167-8359 J9 PEERJ JI PeerJ PD JUN 5 PY 2014 VL 2 AR e426 DI 10.7717/peerj.426 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AY5JT UT WOS:000347609100003 PM 24949243 ER PT J AU Myers, SS Zanobetti, A Kloog, I Huybers, P Leakey, ADB Bloom, AJ Carlisle, E Dietterich, LH Fitzgerald, G Hasegawa, T Holbrook, NM Nelson, RL Ottman, MJ Raboy, V Sakai, H Sartor, KA Schwartz, J Seneweera, S Tausz, M Usui, Y AF Myers, Samuel S. Zanobetti, Antonella Kloog, Itai Huybers, Peter Leakey, Andrew D. B. Bloom, Arnold J. Carlisle, Eli Dietterich, Lee H. Fitzgerald, Glenn Hasegawa, Toshihiro Holbrook, N. Michele Nelson, Randall L. Ottman, Michael J. Raboy, Victor Sakai, Hidemitsu Sartor, Karla A. Schwartz, Joel Seneweera, Saman Tausz, Michael Usui, Yasuhiro TI Increasing CO2 threatens human nutrition SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; ELEVATED CO2; ENRICHMENT FACE; GRAIN QUALITY; SPRING WHEAT; NITROGEN; PROTEIN; CEREALS; GROWTH; YIELD AB Dietary deficiencies of zinc and iron are a substantial global public health problem. An estimated two billion people suffer these deficiencies(1), causing a loss of 63 million life-years annually(2,3). Most of these people depend on C-3 grains and legumes as their primary dietary source of zinc and iron. Here we report that C-3 grains and legumes have lower concentrations of zinc and iron when grown under field conditions at the elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration predicted for the middle of this century. C-3 crops other than legumes also have lower concentrations of protein, whereas C-4 crops seem to be less affected. Differences between cultivars of a single crop suggest that breeding for decreased sensitivity to atmospheric CO2 concentration could partly address these new challenges to global health. C1 [Myers, Samuel S.; Zanobetti, Antonella; Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Myers, Samuel S.] Harvard Univ, Ctr Environm, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kloog, Itai] Ben Gurion Univ Negev, Dept Geog & Environm Dev, IL-84105 Beer Sheva, Israel. [Huybers, Peter] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Leakey, Andrew D. B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Leakey, Andrew D. B.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bloom, Arnold J.; Carlisle, Eli] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dietterich, Lee H.] Univ Penn, Dept Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fitzgerald, Glenn] Dept Environm & Primary Ind, Horsham, Vic 3001, Australia. [Hasegawa, Toshihiro; Sakai, Hidemitsu; Usui, Yasuhiro] Natl Inst Agroenvironm Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058604, Japan. [Holbrook, N. Michele] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Nelson, Randall L.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Ottman, Michael J.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Raboy, Victor] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Sartor, Karla A.] Nature Conservancy, Santa Fe, NM 87544 USA. [Seneweera, Saman] Univ Melbourne, Dept Agr & Food Syst, Melbourne Sch Land & Environm, Creswick, Vic 3363, Australia. [Tausz, Michael] Univ Melbourne, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Melbourne Sch Land & Environm, Creswick, Vic 3363, Australia. RP Myers, SS (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM smyers@hsph.harvard.edu RI Tausz, Michael /C-1990-2013; Leakey, Andrew/Q-9889-2016 OI Tausz, Michael /0000-0001-8205-8561; Leakey, Andrew/0000-0001-6251-024X FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Winslow Foundation; Commonwealth Department of Agriculture (Australia); International Plant Nutrition Institute, (Australia); Grains Research and Development Corporation (Australia); Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan); National Science Foundation (NSF) [IOS-08-18435]; USDA NIFA [2008-35100-044459]; US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service; Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR); Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) Midwestern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University [DEFC02- 06ER64158]; National Research Initiative of Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65114-20343]; Harvard Catalyst \ The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health) [8UL1TR000170-05] FX We thank L. S. De la Puente, M. Erbs, A. Fangmeier, P. Hogy, M. Lieffering, R. Manderscheid, H. Pleijel and S. Prior for sharing data from their groups with us; H. Nakamura, T. Tokida, C. Zhu and S. Yoshinaga for contributions to the rice FACE project; and M. Hambidge, W. Willett, D. Schrag, K. Brown, R. Wessells, N. Fernando, J. Peerson and B. Kimball for reviews of earlier drafts or conceptual contributions to this project. V. R. thanks A. L. Harvey for her efforts in producing the phytate data included here. The National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (Japan) provided the grain samples of some rice cultivars. We thank the following for financial support of this work: the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; the Winslow Foundation; the Commonwealth Department of Agriculture (Australia), the International Plant Nutrition Institute, (Australia), the Grains Research and Development Corporation (Australia), the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (Japan); the National Science Foundation (NSF IOS-08-18435); USDA NIFA 2008-35100-044459; research at SoyFACE was supported by the US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service; Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research (CFAR); Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) Midwestern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University, under Award Number DEFC02- 06ER64158; and the National Research Initiative of Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program Grant no. 2010-65114-20343 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Early stages of this work received support from Harvard Catalyst vertical bar The Harvard Clinical and Translational Science Center (National Center for Research Resources and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health Award 8UL1TR000170-05). NR 41 TC 132 Z9 137 U1 42 U2 243 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JUN 5 PY 2014 VL 510 IS 7503 BP 139 EP + DI 10.1038/nature13179 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AI3NR UT WOS:000336768900044 PM 24805231 ER PT J AU Eby, LA Helmy, O Holsinger, LM Young, MK AF Eby, Lisa A. Helmy, Olga Holsinger, Lisa M. Young, Michael K. TI Evidence of Climate-Induced Range Contractions in Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus in a Rocky Mountain Watershed, USA SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; NORTH-AMERICA; BROOK TROUT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; STREAM TEMPERATURES; CENTRAL IDAHO; LIFE-HISTORY; CONSERVATION; WILDFIRE; MONTANA AB Many freshwater fish species are considered vulnerable to stream temperature warming associated with climate change because they are ectothermic, yet there are surprisingly few studies documenting changes in distributions. Streams and rivers in the U.S. Rocky Mountains have been warming for several decades. At the same time these systems have been experiencing an increase in the severity and frequency of wildfires, which often results in habitat changes including increased water temperatures. We resampled 74 sites across a Rocky Mountain watershed 17 to 20 years after initial samples to determine whether there were trends in bull trout occurrence associated with temperature, wildfire, or other habitat variables. We found that site abandonment probabilities (0.36) were significantly higher than colonization probabilities (0.13), which indicated a reduction in the number of occupied sites. Site abandonment probabilities were greater at low elevations with warm temperatures. Other covariates, such as the presence of wildfire, nonnative brook trout, proximity to areas with many adults, and various stream habitat descriptors, were not associated with changes in probability of occupancy. Higher abandonment probabilities at low elevation for bull trout provide initial evidence validating the predictions made by bioclimatic models that bull trout populations will retreat to higher, cooler thermal refuges as water temperatures increase. The geographic breadth of these declines across the region is unknown but the approach of revisiting historical sites using an occupancy framework provides a useful template for additional assessments. C1 [Eby, Lisa A.; Helmy, Olga] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Eby, Lisa A.; Helmy, Olga] Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT USA. [Holsinger, Lisa M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. [Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. RP Young, MK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT USA. EM mkyoung@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Sciences Project [JFSP-09-1002-9]; MT NSF EPSCoR [EPS-0701906]; Longwell Foundation FX This project was primarily funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Project (JFSP-09-1002-9). MT NSF EPSCoR (EPS-0701906) and the Longwell Foundation also provided fellowship support to O.H. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 66 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 7 U2 51 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 4 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e98812 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0098812 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK4YO UT WOS:000338430700082 PM 24897341 ER PT J AU Jablonski, JE Moore, JC Harnly, JM AF Jablonski, Joseph E. Moore, Jeffrey C. Harnly, James M. TI Nontargeted Detection of Adulteration of Skim Milk Powder with Foreign Proteins Using UHPLC-UV SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE skim milk powder; economic adulteration; ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTIFICATION AB Chromatographic profiles of skim milk powder (SMP) and mixtures of SMP with soy (SPI), pea (PPI), brown rice (BRP), and hydrolyzed wheat protein (HWPI) isolates were obtained by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) with 215 nm detection. Two data analysis approaches were compared for their utility to classify samples as authentic or adulterated. The t test approach evaluated data points exceeding the 99% confidence limit of the mean authentic SMP chromatogram and used data points from the entire chromatogram. The other approach used the multivariate Q statistic from a SIMCA model of authentic samples to determine adulteration and used a selected retention window to obtain best classifications. Q-Statistic and t test correctly classified adulteration of SMP with SPI at the 1% and 3% levels, respectively, while minimizing false classifications of authentic SMP. Detection of SMP adulterated with PPI, BRP, and HWPI was possible at higher adulteration levels. C1 [Jablonski, Joseph E.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Div Food Proc Sci & Technol, Bedford Pk, IL 60501 USA. [Jablonski, Joseph E.; Moore, Jeffrey C.] US Pharmacopeial Convent Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Harnly, James M.] ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jablonski, JE (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Div Food Proc Sci & Technol, 6502 South Archer Rd, Bedford Pk, IL 60501 USA. EM joseph.jablonski@fda.hhs.gov NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD JUN 4 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 22 BP 5198 EP 5206 DI 10.1021/jf404924x PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AI6WW UT WOS:000337018700027 PM 24811490 ER PT J AU Bertran, K Swayne, DE AF Bertran, Kateri Swayne, David E. TI High doses of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in chicken meat are required to infect ferrets SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOMESTIC CATS; H5N1 VIRUSES; A H5N1; VIRULENCE; MAMMALS; DISEASE; SPREAD; HUMANS; HEALTH; MICE AB High pathogenicity avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) have caused fatal infections in mammals through consumption of infected bird carcasses or meat, but scarce information exists on the dose of virus required and the diversity of HPAIV subtypes involved. Ferrets were exposed to different HPAIV (H5 and H7 subtypes) through consumption of infected chicken meat. The dose of virus needed to infect ferrets through consumption was much higher than via respiratory exposure and varied with the virus strain. In addition, H5N1 HPAIV produced higher titers in the meat of infected chickens and more easily infected ferrets than the H7N3 or H7N7 HPAIV. C1 [Bertran, Kateri; Swayne, David E.] ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System project [6612-32000-064-00D] FX We thank Joan Beck, Kira Moresco, James Doster, Alexander Lipatov and Yongkuk Kwon for technical assistance. This work was supported by US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System project, 6612-32000-064-00D. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 EI 1297-9716 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD JUN 3 PY 2014 VL 45 AR 60 DI 10.1186/1297-9716-45-60 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AK6ZG UT WOS:000338575200001 PM 24894438 ER PT J AU Cook, BS Smith, L AF Cook, Brynn Sequoia Smith, Lincoln TI Prerelease efficacy test of the psyllid, Arytinnis hakani, a prospective biological control agent of the invasive weed Genista monspessulana SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE herbivory; agent efficacy; French broom; biocontrol ID BOREIOGLYCASPIS-MELALEUCAE HEMIPTERA; QUINQUENERVIA; PSYLLOIDEA; HOMOPTERA; HERBIVORY AB In weed biological control, conducting a prerelease efficacy test can help ascertain if prospective biological control agents will be capable of controlling the target plant. Currently, the phloem-feeding psyllid, Arytinnis hakani, is being evaluated as a prospective agent for the exotic invasive weed, Genista monspessulana, in the USA. Small potted plants were exposed to 0, 4, 8, 12 or 16 A. hakani second-instar nymphs which were allowed to develop on the plants for six weeks in an incubator at 18 degrees C. Increasing A. hakani densities had a significant negative impact on the number of leaflets grown, per cent change in plant height and the final number of leaflets per centimeter of plant height. Increase in plant height and the number of leaflets relative to uninfested plants were reduced by 16 and 29%, respectively, at the highest infestation levels. Psyllids did not increase leaf senescence. One of the 10 plants that was exposed to 16 psyllids died, whereas none of the others died. Weekly nymphal mortality was 10-18% at the lowest density (four psyllids), but was at least 40% at the three highest densities. Although dead nymphs were replaced weekly, insect mortality may have reduced impact on the plants, especially at the higher densities. This insect is multivoltine, so prolongation of the infestation period may have a greater impact on the plant. C1 [Cook, Brynn Sequoia; Smith, Lincoln] ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Smith, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM link.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PD JUN 3 PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 641 EP 651 DI 10.1080/09583157.2014.884993 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AF8VD UT WOS:000334992800003 ER PT J AU Palma-Salgado, S Pearlstein, AJ Luo, Y Park, HK Feng, H AF Palma-Salgado, Sindy Pearlstein, Arne J. Luo, Yaguang Park, Hee Kyung Feng, Hao TI Whole-head washing, prior to cutting, provides sanitization advantages for fresh-cut Iceberg lettuce (Latuca sativa L.) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ultrasound; Sanitizer; Lettuce; Sanitation method ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CROSS-CONTAMINATION; ROMAINE LETTUCE; CHLORINE; SANITIZERS; REDUCTION; EFFICACY; INTERNALIZATION; TEMPERATURE; VEGETABLES AB The efficacy of two leafy produce wash methods, the traditional cutting-before-washing process and a new washing-before-cutting method, on reduction of Escherichia colt O157:H7 inoculated on Iceberg lettuce was compared. The washing tests were conducted in a pilot-scale washer using combinations of water, chlorine, peroxyacetic acid, and ultrasound. The washing-before-cutting process recorded an E. coli O157:H7 count reduction 0.79-0.80 log(10) CFU/g higher than that achieved with the cutting-before-washing process in treatments involving only a sanitizer. When ultrasound was applied to the washing-before-cutting process, a further improvement of 0.37-0.68 log(10) CFU/g in microbial count reduction was obtained, reaching total reductions of 2.43 and 2.24 log(10) CFU/g for chlorine and peroxyacetic acid washes, respectively. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Palma-Salgado, Sindy; Park, Hee Kyung; Feng, Hao] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Pearlstein, Arne J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Sci & Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Luo, Yaguang] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Feng, H (reprint author), 1304 W Penn Ave 382F, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM haofeng@illinois.edu OI Pearlstein, Arne/0000-0002-7044-5537 FU United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2010-01165] FX This project was supported by a grant from the United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Award No. 2010-01165). NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JUN 2 PY 2014 VL 179 BP 18 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.03.018 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AH8AJ UT WOS:000336356200003 PM 24704862 ER PT J AU Chen, J Shi, XM Gehring, AG Paoli, GC AF Chen, Jing Shi, Xianming Gehring, Andrew G. Paoli, George C. TI Automated immunomagnetic separation for the detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 from spinach SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE E. coli O157:H7; Immunomagnetic separation; Pathogen detection ID REAL-TIME PCR; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FRESH PRODUCE; FOOD; O157-H7; CAMPYLOBACTER; MATRICES; SAMPLES; BEADS; WATER AB Escherichia coli 0157:H7 is a major cause of foodborne illness and methods for rapid and sensitive detection of this deadly pathogen are needed to protect consumers. The use of immunomagnetic separation (IMS) for capturing and detecting foodborne pathogens has gained popularity, partially due to the introduction of automated and high throughput IMS instrumentation. Three methods for automated IMS that test different sample volumes, Kingfisher (R) mL, Pathatrix (R) Auto, and Pathatrix (R) Ultra, were compared using microbiological detection of E. coli O157:H7 from buffered peptone water (BPW), in the presence of background microbial flora derived from spinach leaves, and from culture enrichments from artificially contaminated spinach leaves. The average efficiencies of capture of E. coli O157:H7 using the three methods were 32.1%, 3.7%, and 13%, respectively, in BPW; 43.4%, 8.8%, 2.9%, respectively, in the presence of spinach microbial flora; and 63.0%, 7.0%, and 6.3%, respectively, from artificially contaminated spinach. Despite the large differences in IMS capture efficiencies between the KingFisher (R) and two Pathatrix (R) methods, all three methods allowed the detection of E. coli 0157:H7 from spinach that was artificially contaminated with the pathogen at relatively high (25 cfu/30 g sample) and low (1 cfu/30 g sample) levels after 4-6 h of culture enrichment. The differences in capture efficiency were compensated for by the differences in sample volume used by the KingFisher (R) mL (1 mL), Pathatrix (R) Auto (50 mL) and Pathatrix (R) Ultra (250 mL) instruments. Thus, despite the reduced capture efficiencies observed for the Pathatrix (R) methods, the large increase in sample volume results in a greater number of captured cells for downstream detection resulting in improved detection sensitivity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chen, Jing; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, MOST USDA, Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jing; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Bar Luh Food Safety Ctr, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jing; Gehring, Andrew G.; Paoli, George C.] USDA ARS ERRC, MOST, Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Shi, XM (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, MOST USDA, Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Dept Food Sci & Technol, 800 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM xmshi@sjtu.edu.cn; george.paoli@ars.usda.gov RI Chen, Jing/A-3995-2017 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA101601, 2012BAK17B10, 2012BAD29B02]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31230058, 31000779, 31000063] FX This work was jointly supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos. 2012AA101601, 2012BAK17B10 and 2012BAD29B02) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31230058, 31000779 and 31000063). The authors would like to acknowledge the excellent technical contributions by Sue Read. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity employer. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD JUN 2 PY 2014 VL 179 BP 33 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.03.022 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AH8AJ UT WOS:000336356200005 PM 24718031 ER PT J AU McCord, JM Harper, CA Greenberg, CH AF McCord, John M. Harper, Craig A. Greenberg, Cathryn H. TI Brood Cover and Food Resources for Wild Turkeys Following Silvicultural Treatments in Mature Upland Hardwoods SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE forest management; habitat management; herbicide applications; prescribed fire; wild turkey ID WATER-CONTENT; HABITAT USE; FORESTS; POPULATION; VEGETATION; POULTS; GROWTH; LARVAE AB Closed-canopy, upland hardwood forests with limited understory development provide suboptimal habitat for wild turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) broods and may lead to low recruitment. Various forest management practices have been used to stimulate understory development within upland hardwoods, but evaluation of such practices on cover and food resources for wild turkey broods is incomplete. Therefore, we compared effects of 7 silvicultural treatments (repeated fire, shelterwood harvest, shelterwood harvest with one fire, retention cut, retention cut with repeated fire, retention cut with herbicide, and retention cut with herbicide and repeated fire) on cover and food resources for wild turkey broods in mature upland hardwoods of the Ridge and Valley Physiographic Province, Tennessee, USA, during 2000-2009. Canopy reduction treatments enhanced understory conditions for wild turkey broods. Eight years following initial treatment, light infiltration in retention cuts with repeated fire was 6 times greater than that within control, 5 times greater than that within shelterwood harvests, and twice that within shelterwood harvests with one prescribed fire. Woody species dominated understory composition following all treatments and controls. Understory disturbance (prescribed fire and broadcast herbicide treatments) reduced density of stems >1.4 m tall and <11.4 cm diameter at breast height (dbh) and created less visual obstruction above 1 m compared with canopy reduction treatments without understory disturbance. Following canopy reduction without repeated prescribed fire, woody vegetation exceeded ideal height for wild turkey broods after 3 growing seasons and light infiltration returned to control levels within 7 years. Soft mast production was greatest following treatments that included canopy reduction, but varied by year and site. Invertebrate biomass did not increase following any treatment, but all treatment areas contained enough invertebrates to meet the protein requirement for a wild turkey brood (10.1 poults) for 28 days on <30 ha. Where wild turkey is a focal species and understory structure inmature upland hardwoods is limiting for broods, we recommend reducing canopy coverage to 60-70% and using low-intensity fire every 3-5 years to enhance and maintain brood cover and increase food availability. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society. C1 [McCord, John M.; Harper, Craig A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Greenberg, Cathryn H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Bent Creek Expt Forest, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP McCord, JM (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM michael.mccord@tn.usda.gov FU National Wild Turkey Federation; U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station; University of Tennessee Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries FX We thank the National Wild Turkey Federation; U.S. Forest Service Southern Research Station; and the University of Tennessee Department of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries for funding this project. T. Dailey, D. Bailey, D. Osbourne, and N. White of the Tennessee Division of Forestry assisted with logistics and implementation of treatments. We thank M. Lashley, C. Shaw, J. Gruchy, and our field technicians for their assistance collecting data. We thank D. S. Buckley for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank J. G. Henning and A. M. Saxton for statistical support. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 2 BP 265 EP 272 DI 10.1002/wsb.403 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PV UT WOS:000351431200006 ER PT J AU Washburn, BE Cisar, PJ DeVault, TL AF Washburn, Brian E. Cisar, Paul J. DeVault, Travis L. TI Wildlife Strikes With Military Rotary-Wing Aircraft During Flight Operations Within the United States SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE airfields; helicopters; military; rotary-wing aircraft; wildlife strikes ID COLLISIONS; AIRPORTS; RANKING; BIRDS; RISK AB Wildlife-aircraft collisions (wildlife strikes) with civilian and military aircraft pose notable risks and economic losses. The 4 military services within the U. S. Department of Defense maintain records regarding wildlife strikes with military aircraft. Although rotary-wing aircraft operations comprise important mission components within all 4 military services, no assessment of wildlife strikes to military rotary-wing aircraft has been conducted. The objectives of this project were to 1) conduct a comprehensive analysis of data available from all military services regarding wildlife strikes with rotary-wing aircraft, and 2) provide recommendations to reduce the frequency and negative impacts of these strikes. We acquired all available wildlife strike records and parsed our database to include only wildlife strikes to military rotary-wing aircraft occurring within the contiguous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, or within near-shore areas along the coasts. We assessed the effects of year, month, time of day, event location (i.e., on-or off-airfield), and wildlife group involved on the frequency of wildlife strikes with rotary-wing aircraft. The frequency of wildlife strikes was highest during autumn (Sept-Nov; 41.6% of all strikes) and lowest during winter (Dec-Feb; 10.4%). Wildlife strikes occurred most often when aircraft were traveling en route (38.3%) or were engaged in terrain flight (28.9%). Raptors and vultures were commonly associated with wildlife strikes that caused damage to aircraft. Wildlife strikes to military rotary-wing aircraft during flight operations within the United States are both costly (averaging US$12,184-$337,281/strike event among the military services) and deadly (2 pilots were killed). Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Washburn, Brian E.; DeVault, Travis L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Cisar, Paul J.] US Army, Logist Div, Aberdeen Test Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Washburn, BE (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM brian.e.washburn@aphis.usda.gov FU United States Department of Defense (DoD) Legacy Resource Management Program FX We thank the United States Department of Defense (DoD) Legacy Resource Management Program for funding and supporting the execution of this project. We appreciate the encouragement, professional advice, and data access provided by the U.S. Air Force Safety Center Bird-Wildlife Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) Team (specifically D. Sullivan and Lt. Tiffany Robertson), the U.S. Navy BASH Team and the Naval Safety Center (specifically M. Klope and Lt. V. Jensen), the U.S. Army Combat Readiness-Safety Center (specifically R. Dickinson and C. Lyle), and the U.S. Coast Guard Safety Center (specifically Lieutenant Commander B. Potter). B. Blackwell, M. Begier, and 2 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript. The content of this manuscript reflects the views of the National Wildlife Research Center and does not necessarily reflect the views of the DoD Legacy Resource Management Program. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 2 BP 311 EP 320 DI 10.1002/wsb.409 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PV UT WOS:000351431200012 ER PT J AU O'Brien, JM O'Brien, CS McCarthy, C Carpenter, TE AF O'Brien, Joshua M. O'Brien, Chans S. McCarthy, Clinton Carpenter, Tim E. TI Incorporating Foray Behavior Into Models Estimating Contact Risk Between Bighorn Sheep and Areas Occupied by Domestic Sheep SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE bighorn sheep; contact risk; disease transmission; domestic sheep; modeling; Ovis canadensis; pneumonia ID PASTEURELLA-HAEMOLYTICA; OVIS-CANADENSIS; HOME-RANGE; MANNHEIMIA-HAEMOLYTICA; RESOURCE SELECTION; FATAL PNEUMONIA; TOOL; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS; SEROTYPE AB Respiratory disease epidemics are considered a primary factor limiting bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) populations in most of the western United States. Diverse sources of evidence indicate that domestic sheep harbor pathogens that cause fatal pneumonia in bighorn sheep, and that contact between the species often leads to respiratory disease and mortality in wild bighorn sheep populations. Managers have long argued that maintaining species separation is essential to conserving bighorn sheep. However, few studies have quantified probability of interspecies contact under different separation-based management scenarios. We present an approach to estimating relative risk of interspecies contact that uses telemetry data to characterize bighorn sheep home ranges, habitat selection, and the occasional long-distance exploratory movements (forays) characteristic of the species. We developed this approach to assess probability of bighorn sheep entering domestic sheep allotments on the Payette National Forest in central Idaho, USA, and we present that analysis as a case study. First, a large telemetry data set was used to identify bighorn sheep core herd home ranges and foray characteristics, including frequency, distance traveled, and habitat selection. Observed summer-season foray probabilities for males and females were, respectively, 0.141 and 0.015 forays per animal per summer, with 50% of foraying males traveling at least 8.1 km and 10% of foraying males traveling at least 21.7 km beyond their core herd home range boundary. Risk of bighorn sheep contact with a domestic sheep allotment was then modeled by combining observed bighorn habitat preferences and movement patterns with geographic data, including habitat suitability and distance of core herd home ranges from domestic sheep allotments. For the domestic sheep grazing alternatives analyzed by the Payette National Forest, modeled contact rates between foraying bighorn sheep and domestic sheep allotments ranged from 0 to 1.33 contacts per year. Managers elsewhere can apply this methodology to estimate risk of interspecies contact based on bighorn sheep space use and habitat preferences. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society. C1 [O'Brien, Joshua M.; Carpenter, Tim E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Anim Dis Modeling & Surveillance, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [O'Brien, Chans S.] Payette Natl Forest, Mccall, ID 83638 USA. [McCarthy, Clinton] US Forest Serv, Intermt Reg, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. RP O'Brien, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Anim Dis Modeling & Surveillance, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jobrien@ucdavis.edu FU state wildlife agency of Idaho; state wildlife agency of Oregon; state wildlife agency of Washington; U.S. Forest Service; Bureau of Land Management; Nez Perce tribe FX We thank F. Cassirer and the other field biologists with the Hells Canyon Bighorn Sheep Restoration Committee and Nez Perce Tribe who collected and curated telemetry data used in our analyses; biologists V. Coggins, T. Schommer, D. Martorello, P. Wik, and C. Mack for critical discussions during development of the model; and P. Soucek, M. Woolever, T. Keegan, and F. Cassirer for comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Funding for collecting the data used in these analyses was provided by the state wildlife agencies of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, the Nez Perce tribe, Wild Sheep Foundation National, Oregon, Washington, and Idaho Chapters, Oregon Hunters Association, Shikar-Safari Club International, and Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration Project W-160-R administered through Idaho Department of Fish and Game. NR 62 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 2 BP 321 EP 331 DI 10.1002/wsb.387 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PV UT WOS:000351431200013 ER PT J AU Johnson, HE Fischer, JW Hammond, M Dorsey, PD Walter, WD Anderson, C VerCauteren, KC AF Johnson, Heather E. Fischer, Justin W. Hammond, Matthew Dorsey, Patricia D. Walter, W. David Anderson, Charles VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Evaluation of Techniques to Reduce Deer and Elk Damage to Agricultural Crops SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Cervus elaphus nelsoni; crop damage; electric fence; elk; mule deer; Odocoileus hemionus; repellent; sunflowers; wildlife damage management; winged fence ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; ELECTRIC FENCES; CERVUS-ELAPHUS; NORTH-AMERICA; REPELLENTS; MANAGEMENT; CORNFIELDS; EFFICACY; BEHAVIOR; CORN AB Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) provide important recreational, ecological, and economic benefits, but can also cause substantial damage to agricultural crops. Cervid damage to agriculture creates challenges for wildlife agencies responsible for minimizing crop depredation while maintaining healthy deer and elk populations. Sunflower producers in southwestern Colorado, USA, have experienced high deer and elk damage and were interested in temporary methods to reduce damage that were cost-effective for rotational crops. To address this challenge, we investigated 3 temporary, non-lethal exclusion and repellent techniques for reducing deer and elk damage to sunflowers: 1) a polyrope electric fence, 2) the chemical repellent Plantskydd (TM), and 3) a winged fence. During July through October 2011 and 2012, we used a randomized block design to test the efficacy of these techniques by quantifying cervid damage to sunflowers and the number of deer and elk tracks traversing treatment and control plot boundaries. Using generalized linear mixedmodels we found that polyrope electric fences reduced deer and elk damage and presence within plots, while the repellent and winged fences did not reduce ungulate activity. Polyrope electric fences may be a suitable tool in areas where wildlife management agencies want to maintain deer and elk populations but reduce seasonal damage by cervids to high-value crops. In Colorado, use of an effective exclusion technique such as polyrope electric fence could also decrease the need for lethal depredation permits and damage compensation payments, and increase satisfaction among producers and the public. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Johnson, Heather E.; Dorsey, Patricia D.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Durango, CO 81303 USA. [Fischer, Justin W.; Walter, W. David; Anderson, Charles; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hammond, Matthew] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Durango, CO 81301 USA. RP Johnson, HE (reprint author), Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 415 Turner Dr, Durango, CO 81303 USA. EM heather.johnson@state.co.us FU U.S. Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Research Center; Colorado Habitat Partnership Program; Montelores Habitat Partnership Program; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; Colorado Parks; Wildlife Auction-Raffle Grant program FX We thank M. Glow, C. Priest, M. Preisler, A. Brown, A. Hildreth, M. Lavelle, G. Martin, D. Sanders, and B. Beltran-Beck for collecting field data and helping with fence construction. We also thank T. Brown and G. Phillips for help in purchasing fencing supplies; and A. Berrada, P. White and D. Fernandez for project support. This project would not have been possible without the cooperation of landowners around Dove Creek. Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture National Wildlife Research Center, Colorado Habitat Partnership Program, Montelores Habitat Partnership Program, Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, and Colorado Parks and Wildlife Auction-Raffle Grant program. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 29 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 2 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.1002/wsb.408 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9PV UT WOS:000351431200017 ER PT J AU Smith, DM Finch, DM Stoleson, SH AF Smith, D. Max Finch, Deborah M. Stoleson, Scott H. TI NEST-LOCATION AND NEST-SURVIVAL OF BLACK-CHINNED HUMMINGBIRDS IN NEW MEXICO: A COMPARISON BETWEEN RIVERS WITH DIFFERING LEVELS OF REGULATION AND INVASION OF NONNATIVE PLANTS SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID SOUTHEASTERN ARIZONA; RUSSIAN-OLIVE; SUCCESS; BIRDS; COMMUNITIES; ABUNDANCE; TAMARIX; HABITAT AB We compared plants used as sites for nests and survival of nests of black-chinned hummingbirds (Archilochus alexandri) along two rivers in New Mexico. Along the free-flowing Gila River which was dominated by native plants, most nests were constructed in boxelder (Acer negundo). Along the flow-restricted Middle Rio Grande which was dominated by nonnative plants, most nests were constructed in nonnative plants such as Russian olive (Elaeagnus angustifolia) and saltcedar (Tamarix). Mean nest height varied among species of plants used as nesting sites but was about 4 m at each study area. Logistic exposure-estimates of survival of nests were considerably higher along the Middle Rio Grande (52%) than the along the Gila River (23%). Survival of nests was influenced by nest height and species of plant used as nesting site, with survival rates of nests greatest at mean heights in Russian olive and saltcedar. Our results highlight considerable variation in nesting characteristics between two study areas and show that subcanopy nest-sites are essential components of productive habitat for this species. C1 [Smith, D. Max; Finch, Deborah M.; Stoleson, Scott H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. RP Smith, DM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 333 Broadway SE,Suite 115, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. EM oregonmax@gmail.com RI Finch, Deborah/H-2876-2015 OI Finch, Deborah/0000-0001-9118-7381 FU Freeport McMoRan; Nature Conservancy; Gila National Forest; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Joint Fire Science Program; Ducks Unlimited; United States Fish and Wildlife Service Bosque Improvement Initiative; University of New Mexico; United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station FX We thank K. Brodhead, J. Kelly, D. Hawksworth, J. Galloway, and numerous field technicians for assistance collecting data. Access to the study area at Gila River was granted by D. Olgilvie, Freeport McMoRan (formerly Phelps Dodge), T. Cooper, D. Hooker, J. and S. Runyan, J. Slavec, the Nature Conservancy, and the Gila National Forest. Access to the study area at the Middle Rio Grande was provided by City of Albuquerque Open Space, Cochiti Pueblo, Middle Rio Grande Conservancy District, and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service Bosque Del Apache National Wildlife Refuge. Financial and logistical support for this study was provided by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Joint Fire Science Program, Ducks Unlimited, United States Fish and Wildlife Service Bosque Improvement Initiative, University of New Mexico, and United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS PI SAN MARCOS PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS, TX 78666 USA SN 0038-4909 EI 1943-6262 J9 SOUTHWEST NAT JI Southw. Natural. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 193 EP 198 DI 10.1894/F06-TEL-02.1 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CC8YX UT WOS:000350655600006 ER PT J AU Meyer, R Morrow, WEM Stikeleather, L Styles, DK AF Meyer, Robert Morrow, W. E. Morgan Stikeleather, Larry Styles, Darrel K. TI Experience of breathing carbon dioxide Response SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Meyer, Robert] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Morrow, W. E. Morgan] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stikeleather, Larry] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Styles, Darrel K.] USDA APHIS Vet Serv, Natl Ctr Anim Hlth Emergency Management, Riverdale, MD USA. RP Meyer, R (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 244 IS 11 BP 1244 EP 1245 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CA6CI UT WOS:000348995600028 PM 24968460 ER PT J AU Harris, SS Chew, A AF Harris, Susan S. Chew, Anna TI Predictors of Weight Loss in African Americans with Prediabetes or Early Diabetes SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE weight loss; diabetes; African American; healthcare providers; vitamin D ID VITAMIN-D; OBESITY; WOMEN; INTERVENTIONS; PERCEPTIONS; PHYSICIAN; ADDRESS; ADULTS AB Purpose: This analysis was Undertaken to describe healthcare seeking, weight loss efforts and predictors of Weight loss among African Americans recently identified with prediabetes or early diabetes. Methods: A secondary analysis was conducted on data collected from 89 participants who completed a previously published I2-week randomized placebo-controlled trial testing the benefit of vitamin D supplementation on blood measures predictive of diabetes risk. Information about care seeking, weight loss strategies and weight loss effort was collected by questionnaire at three data collection visits. Weight was measured by trained staff at each visit. Results: More than half of the participants saw a healthcare provider during the study, but few recalled receiving advice about diet, physical activity or other strategies for weight loss. Thirty-seven % of participants maintained their weight within 1 kg of their baseline weight. Of the remaining participants, half gained >1 kg and half lost >1 kg during the study period. Age-adjusted independent predictors of weight loss included a visit to a healthcare provider for preventive care, dietary restrictions, and consistent weight loss effort. Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on weight change. Conclusions: This study reinforces the importance of preventive healthcare and sustainable changes in diet and physical activity. It also suggests that physicians need better tools for motivating and supporting their, patients to adopt behaviors that can reduce diabetes risk. For the millions of Americans who are trying to lose weight to reduce their risk for chronic disease, this study reinforces the importance of sustained effort. C1 [Harris, Susan S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Agr Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Chew, Anna] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Harris, SS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM susan.harris@tufts.edu; anna.chew@tufts.edu FU Clinical Research Grant from American Diabetes Association [7-08-CR-27]; Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University [58-1950-7-707] FX This study was supported by Clinical Research Grant (7-08-CR-27) from the American Diabetes Association and by a contract (58-1950-7-707) with the Jean Mayer U.S. Department of Agriculture Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University. This article does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD SUM PY 2014 VL 106 IS 1 BP 8 EP 14 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AY6DL UT WOS:000347657600002 PM 26744110 ER PT J AU Timper, P AF Timper, Patricia TI Conserving and Enhancing Biological Control of Nematodes SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antagonists; biological control; crop rotation; farming practices; organic amendments; pesticides; plant genotype; tillage ID PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES; FUNGUS HIRSUTELLA-RHOSSILIENSIS; INDUCED SYSTEMIC RESISTANCE; SOIL FOOD-WEB; BIOCONTROL STRAIN CHA0; SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; PASTEURIA-PENETRANS; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; HETERODERA-GLYCINES AB Conservation biological control is the modification of the environment or existing practices to protect and enhance antagonistic organisms to reduce damage from pests. This approach to biological control has received insufficient attention compared with inundative applications of microbial antagonists to control nematodes. This review provides examples of how production practices can enhance or diminish biological control of plant-parasitic nematodes and other soilborne pests. Antagonists of nematodes can be enhanced by providing supplementary food sources such as occurs when organic amendments are applied to soil. However, some organic amendments (e.g., manures and plants containing allelopathic compounds) can also be detrimental to nematode antagonists. Plant species and genotype can strongly influence the outcome of biological control. For instance, the susceptibility of the plant to the nematode can determine the effectiveness of control; good hosts will require greater levels of suppression than poor hosts. Plant genotype can also influence the degree of rhizosphere colonization and antibiotic production by antagonists, as well the expression of induced resistance by plants. Production practices such as crop rotation, fallow periods, tillage, and pesticide applications can directly disrupt populations of antagonistic organisms. These practices can also indirectly affect antagonists by reducing their primary nematode host. One of the challenges of conservation biological control is that practices intended to protect or enhance suppression of nematodes may not be effective in all field sites because they are dependent on indigenous antagonists. Ultimately, indicators will need to be identified, such as the presence of particular antagonists, which can guide decisions on where it is practical to use conservation biological control. Antagonists can also be applied to field sites in conjunction with conservation practices to improve the consistency, efficacy, and duration of biological control. In future research, greater use should be made of bioassays that measure nematode suppression because changes in abundance of particular antagonists may not affect biological control of plant parasites. C1 ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Timper, P (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM patricia.timper@ars.usda.gov NR 134 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 54 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 75 EP 89 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700001 PM 24987159 ER PT J AU Davis, RF Earl, HJ Timper, P AF Davis, R. F. Earl, H. J. Timper, P. TI Effect of Simultaneous Water Deficit Stress and Meloidogyne incognita Infection on Cotton Yield and Fiber Quality SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE drought; Gossypium hirsutum; interaction; irrigation; micronaire; southern root-knot nematode ID SOYBEAN CYST-NEMATODE; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; SOIL-WATER; MOISTURE; GROWTH; TEMPERATURE; IRRIGATION; CULTIVARS; POTENTIALS; RESISTANT AB Both water deficit stress and Meloidogyne incognita infection can reduce cotton growth and yield, and drought can affect fiber quality, but the effect of nematodes on fiber quality is not well documented. To determine whether nematode parasitism affects fiber quality and whether the combined effects of nematode and drought stress on yield and quality are additive (independent effects), synergistic, or antagonistic, we conducted a study for 7 yr in a field infested with M. incognita. A split-plot design was used with the main plot factor as one of three irrigation treatments (low [nonirrigated], moderate irrigation, and high irrigation [water-replete]) and the subplot factor as 0 or 56 l/ha 1,3-dichloropropene. We prevented water deficit stress in plots designated as water-replete by supplementing rainfall with irrigation. Plots receiving moderate irrigation received half the water applied to the water-replete treatment. The severity of root galling was greater in nonfumigated plots and in plots receiving the least irrigation, but the amount of irrigation did not influence the effect of fumigation on root galling (no irrigation 3 fumigation interaction). The weights of lint and seed harvested were reduced in nonfumigated plots and also decreased as the level of irrigation decreased, but fumigation did not influence the effect of irrigation. Nematodes affected fiber quality by increasing micronaire readings but typically had little or no effect on percent lint, fiber length (measured by HVI), uniformity, strength, elongation, length (based on weight or number measured by AFIS), upper quartile length, or short fiber content (based on weight or number). Micronaire also was increased by water deficit stress, but the effects from nematodes and water stress were independent. We conclude that the detrimental effects caused to cotton yield and quality by nematode parasitism and water deficit stress are independent and therefore additive. C1 [Davis, R. F.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Earl, H. J.; Timper, P.] Univ Guelph, Dept Plant Agr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP Davis, RF (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Richard.Davis@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 108 EP 118 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700004 PM 24987162 ER PT J AU Ahuja, P Fourie, H Nyczepir, AP AF Ahuja, P. Fourie, H. Nyczepir, A. P. TI HOST STATUS OF THREE LOLIUM GRASS CULTIVARS TO SOUTH AFRICAN MELOIDOGYNE SPEICES SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ahuja, P.; Fourie, H.] North West Univ, Unit Environm Sci & Management, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Nyczepir, A. P.] ARS, USDA, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 132 EP 132 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700016 ER PT J AU Chitwood, DJ Meyer, SLF AF Chitwood, D. J. Meyer, S. L. F. TI PHYTOCHEMICALLY BASED NEMATODE CONTROL: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Chitwood, D. J.; Meyer, S. L. F.] ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700058 ER PT J AU Dandurand, LM Brown, CR Gajjar, P AF Dandurand, L. M. Brown, C. R. Gajjar, P. TI DEVELOPMENT OF GLOBODERA PALLIDA IN THE TRAP CROP SOLANUM SISYMBRIIFOLIUM SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dandurand, L. M.; Gajjar, P.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Brown, C. R.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 150 EP 150 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700074 ER PT J AU Kokalis-Burelle, N Iriarte, FB Butler, DM Hong, JC Rosskopf, EN AF Kokalis-Burelle, N. Iriarte, F. B. Butler, D. M. Hong, J. C. Rosskopf, E. N. TI NEMATODE MANAGEMENT IN FLORIDA VEGETABLE AND ORNAMENTAL PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kokalis-Burelle, N.; Hong, J. C.; Rosskopf, E. N.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL USA. [Iriarte, F. B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Butler, D. M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 189 EP 190 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700196 ER PT J AU McGawley, EC Overstreet, C Pontif, MJ Skantar, AM AF McGawley, E. C. Overstreet, C. Pontif, M. J. Skantar, A. M. TI INTRODUCTION TO NEMATODES: A MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATION FOR TEACHING NEMATOLOGY SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McGawley, E. C.; Overstreet, C.; Pontif, M. J.] LSU AgCtr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Skantar, A. M.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 204 EP 204 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700242 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Adams, BJ AF Shapiro-Ilan, D. I. Adams, B. J. TI BREEDING A SUPER NEMATODE FOR ENHANCED INSECT PEST SUPPRESSION. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Shapiro-Ilan, D. I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Adams, B. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Adams, B. J.] Brigham Young Univ, Evolutionary Ecol Labs, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RI Adams, Byron/C-3808-2009 OI Adams, Byron/0000-0002-7815-3352 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 233 EP 233 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700335 ER PT J AU Sharma, SB Magnusson, C Chitambar, JJ Kodira, UC AF Sharma, S. B. Magnusson, C. Chitambar, J. J. Kodira, U. C. TI NEMATODE QUARANTINE AND BIOSECURITY RELATED TRADE AND GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY ISSUES. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sharma, S. B.] Murdoch Univ, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Magnusson, C.] Norwegian Inst Agr & Environm Res Bioforsk, N-1432 As, Norway. [Chitambar, J. J.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Kodira, U. C.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Plant Hlth Programs, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 234 EP 234 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700338 ER PT J AU Skantar, AM Nischwitz, C Handoo, ZA Subbotin, S Hult, MN Schmitt, ME McClure, MA AF Skantar, A. M. Nischwitz, C. Handoo, Z. A. Subbotin, S. Hult, M. N. Schmitt, M. E. McClure, M. A. TI NEW REPORTS AND MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODES FROM GOLF COURSE GREENS IN THE WESTERN UNITED STATES. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Skantar, A. M.; Handoo, Z. A.; Hult, M. N.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Nischwitz, C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Subbotin, S.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Schmitt, M. E.; McClure, M. A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 239 EP 239 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700354 ER PT J AU Skantar, AM Handoo, ZA Carta, LK Chitwood, DJ AF Skantar, A. M. Handoo, Z. A. Carta, L. K. Chitwood, D. J. TI MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION OF PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES OF QUARANTINE CONCERN AT THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE (USDA). SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Skantar, A. M.; Handoo, Z. A.; Carta, L. K.; Chitwood, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 239 EP 239 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700355 ER PT J AU Timper, P AF Timper, P. TI EFFECT OF TILLAGE AND FUMIGATION ON PASTEURIA PENETRANS. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Timper, P.] ARS, USDA, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 247 EP 248 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700381 ER PT J AU Wang, C Ulloa, M Roberts, PA AF Wang, C. Ulloa, M. Roberts, P. A. TI TRANSGRESSIVE SEGREGATION OF ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE RESISTANCE IN COTTON DETERMINED BY QTL ANALYSIS. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wang, C.] Chinese Acad Sci, Northeast Inst Geog & Agroecol, Harbin 150081, Peoples R China. [Wang, C.; Roberts, P. A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Ulloa, M.] ARS, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 2 BP 253 EP 254 PG 2 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AW5EW UT WOS:000346299700399 ER PT J AU Lamont, EA Talaat, AM Coussens, PM Bannantine, JP Grohn, YT Katani, R Li, LL Kapur, V Sreevatsan, S AF Lamont, Elise A. Talaat, Adel M. Coussens, Paul M. Bannantine, John P. Grohn, Yrjo T. Katani, Robab Li, Ling-ling Kapur, Vivek Sreevatsan, Srinand TI Screening of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis mutants for attenuation in a bovine rnonocyte-derived macrophage model SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis; Johne's disease; vaccine; macrophage; mutant; transposon mutagenesis; survival ID FARMED RED DEER; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DAIRY HERDS; VACCINATION; TUBERCULOSIS; EFFICACY; VACCINES; PREVALENCE; GENERATION; MINNESOTA AB Vaccination remains a major tool for prevention and progression of Johne's disease, a chronic enteritis of ruminants worldwide. Currently there is only one licensed vaccine within the United States and two vaccines licensed internationally against Johne's disease. All licensed vaccines reduce fecal shedding of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) and delay disease progression. However, there are no available vaccines that prevent disease onset. A joint effort by the Johne's Disease Integrated Program (JDIP), a USDA-funded consortium, and USDA-APHISNS sought to identify transposon insertion mutant strains as vaccine candidates in part of a three phase study. The focus of the Phase I study was to evaluate MAP mutant attenuation in a well-defined in vitro bovine monocyte-derived macrophage (MDM) model. Attenuation was determined by colony forming unit (CFUs) counts and slope estimates. Based on CFU counts alone, the MDM model did not identify any mutant that significantly differed from the wild-type control, MAP K-10. Slope estimates using mixed models approach identified six mutants as being attenuated. These were enrolled in protection studies involving murine and baby goat vaccination-challenge models. MDM based approach identified trends in attenuation but this did not correlate with protection in a natural host model. These results suggest the need for alternative strategies for Johne's disease vaccine candidate screening and evaluation. C1 [Lamont, Elise A.; Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Populat Med, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Talaat, Adel M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Coussens, Paul M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bannantine, John P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Grohn, Yrjo T.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY USA. [Katani, Robab; Li, Ling-ling; Kapur, Vivek] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, State Coll, PA USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Sreevatsan, S (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, 1971 Commonwealth Ave,Vet Sci Bldg, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM sreev001@umn.edu FU Johne's Disease Integrated Program; USDA/APHIS-VS FX We acknowledge the services by the Bovine Blood Collection Facility at the University of Minnesota. We appreciate the assistance of Derek Lieffring during blood collections. We thank the researchers, who supplied MAP mutant strains for inclusion in this study. We appreciate funding support from Dr. Michael Carter, Veterinary Services. This study was supported by the Johne's Disease Integrated Program and USDA/APHIS-VS. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 4 AR 87 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00087 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AU3FS UT WOS:000345498500018 PM 25072030 ER PT J AU Wasilenko, JL Fratamico, PM Sommers, C DeMarco, DR Varkey, S Rhoden, K Tice, G AF Wasilenko, Jamie L. Fratamico, Pina M. Sommers, Christopher DeMarco, Daniel R. Varkey, Stephen Rhoden, Kyle Tice, George TI Detection of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) O157:H7, O26, O45, O1O3, O111, O121, and O145, and Salmonella in retail raw ground beef using the DuPont (TM) BAX (R) system SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Shiga toxin-producing E. coli; Salmonella; ground beef; detection; PCR; O157:H7; non-O157 STEC ID ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SEROGROUPS O26; UNITED-STATES; FOOD; O103; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; SAUSAGE; STRAINS AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella are food-borne pathogens commonly associated with beef, and reliable methods are needed to determine their prevalence in beef and to ensure food safety. Retail ground beef was tested for the presence of E. coli O157:H7, STEC serogroups O26, O45, O1O3, O111, O121, and O145, and Salmonella using the Du Pont (TM) BAX (R) system method. Ground beef (325g) samples were enriched in 1.5 L of TSB with 2 mg/L novobiocin at 42 degrees C for 18 h, and then evaluated using the BAX (R) System real-time PCR assays for E. coli O157:H7 and STEC suite, and the BAX (R) System standard PCR assays for E. coli O157:H7 MP and Salmonella. Samples positive for STEC target genes by the BAX (R) System assays were subjected to immunomagnetic separation (IMS) and plating onto modified Rainbow Agar O157 Enrichments that were PCR positive for Salmonella were inoculated into RV broth, incubated for 18h at 42 degrees C, and then plated onto XLT-4 agar. Presumptive positive STEC and Salmonella colonies were confirmed using the BAX System assays. Results of the BAX (R) System STEC assays showed 20/308 (6.5%) of samples positive for both the Shiga toxin (stx) and intimin (eae) genes; 4 (1.3%) for stx, eae, and O26; 1 (0.3%) for stx, eae, and O45; 3 (1%) for stx, eae, and O103; and 1 (0.3%) for stx, eae, and O145. There were also 3 samples positive for stx, eae, and more than one STEC serogroup. Three (1.O%) of the samples were positive using the BAX (R) System real-time E. coli O157:H7 assay, and 28(9.1%) were positive using the BAX (R) System Salmonella assay. STEC O103 and E. coli O157:H7 were isolated from 2/6 and 2/3 PCR positive samples, respectively. Salmonella isolates were recovered and confirmed from 27 of the 28 Salmonella PCR positive samples, and a portion of the isolates were serotyped and antibiotic resistance profiles determined. Results demonstrate that the BAX System assays are effective for detecting STEC and Salmonella in beef. C1 [Wasilenko, Jamie L.; Fratamico, Pina M.; Sommers, Christopher] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Wasilenko, Jamie L.] USDA ARS, Richard Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA USA. [DeMarco, Daniel R.; Varkey, Stephen; Rhoden, Kyle; Tice, George] DuPont Nutr & Hlth, DuPont Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE USA. RP Fratamico, PM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 17 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 4 AR 81 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00081 PG 7 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AU3FS UT WOS:000345498500014 PM 24995164 ER PT J AU Gimeno, IM Dunn, JR Cortes, AL El-Gohary, AEG Silva, RF AF Gimeno, Isabel M. Dunn, John R. Cortes, Aneg L. El-Gohary, Abd El-Galil Silva, Robert F. TI Detection and Differentiation of CVI988 (Rispens Vaccine) from Other Serotype 1 Marek's Disease Viruses SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE real time PCR; poultry; avian; diagnosis; vaccine; MDV; Rispens; CVI988 ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; REAL-TIME-PCR; STRAIN; GENOME; AMPLIFICATION; FEATHER; DNA; HERPESVIRUS; DIAGNOSIS; EXPANSION AB The serotype 1 Marek's disease virus (MDV) is the causative agent for Marek's disease (MD), a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens of great concern to the poultry industry. CVI988 (Rispens vaccine), an attenuated serotype 1 MDV, is currently the most efficacious commercially available vaccine for preventing MD. However, it is difficult to detect and differentiate CVI988 when other serotype 1 MDVs are present. To facilitate the detection of CVI988, we developed two sets of primers for a mismatch amplification mutation assay (MAMA) PCR that targeted the single nulceotide polymorphism associated with the H19 epitope of the phosphorylated protein 38 gene. The PCR was very specific. One primer set (oncogenic primers) amplified DNA from 15 different serotype 1 MDVs except CVI988. The other primer set (CVI988 primers) amplified DNA from CVI988 but not from any of the other 15 serotype 1 MDVs. A real-time PCR assay was developed using MAMA primers, and specificity and sensitivity was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Mixtures of plasmids (CVI988 plasmid and oncogenic plasmid) at various concentrations were used to evaluate the sensitivity/specificity of MAMA primers in vitro. Both primer sets were able to amplify as little as one copy of their respective plasmid. Oncogenic primers were highly specific and only amplified CVI988 plasmid when the concentration of oncogenic plasmid was very low (1 x 10(1)) and CVI988 plasmid was very high (1 x 10(6)). Specificity of CVI988 primers was not as high because they could amplify oncogenic plasmids when the concentration of CVI988 plasmid was 1 x 10(3) and the concentration of oncogenic 1 x 10(2). Validation of MAMA primers in in vivo samples demonstrated that oncogenic primers can be used for both early diagnosis of MD in feather pulp (FP) samples collected at 3 wk of age and confirmation of MD diagnosis in tumors. CVI988 primers could be used to monitor CVI988 vaccination in samples with a low load of oncogenic MDV DNA (latently infected samples or negative) but not in samples with a high load of oncogenic MDV DNA (tumors). Our results suggest that monitoring CVI988 vaccination in FP samples collected at 1 wk of age ensures the specificity of the CVI988 primers. C1 [Gimeno, Isabel M.; Cortes, Aneg L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Sch Vet, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Dunn, John R.; El-Gohary, Abd El-Galil; Silva, Robert F.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Gimeno, IM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Sch Vet, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM imgimeno@ncsu.edu NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 232 EP 243 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT4ZG UT WOS:000344952300007 PM 25055627 ER PT J AU Heidari, M Fitzgerald, SD Zhang, HM AF Heidari, Mohammad Fitzgerald, Scott D. Zhang, Huanmin TI Marek's Disease Virus-Induced Transient Cecal Tonsil Atrophy SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Marek's disease; cecal tonsil; cytokine; real-time PCR ID LYMPHOID-TISSUES; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; NITRIC-OXIDE; CHICKENS; BURSA; CELLS; TRANSFORMATION; HERPESVIRUS; INDUCTION AB Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of domestic chickens that is caused by a highly cellassociated oncogenic alpha-herpesvirus, Marek's disease virus (MDV). MDV replicates in chicken lymphocytes and establishes a latent infection within CD4+ T cells. MD is characterized by bursal and thymic atrophy and rapid onset of T cell lymphomas that infiltrate lymphoid tissues, visceral organs, and peripheral nerves with severe clinical symptoms that include transient paralysis, anemia, weight loss, and neurologic disorders. The cecal tonsils (CT) are considered the largest lymphoid aggregates of avian gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). Along with Peyer's patches, CT elicits protective immune responses against bacterial and viral pathogens in the intestinal tract of avian species. In this study we investigated the effect of MDV infection on CT structural changes and cytokine gene expression in two MD-susceptible and resistant chicken lines. The histopathologic analysis revealed that MDV causes the loss of germinal follicular centers within the CT of the resistant line while inducing a severe, near-total lymphoid depletion in the susceptible line during cytolytic infection. The lymphoid depletion, however, recovered approximately 2 wk postinfection but the loss of germinal centers persisted during the latent phase of infection in both lines. The atrophy of this important GALT was transient and there were no visible differences between the CT of the infected and control birds of either line by 21 days postinfection. Of the genes tested, IFN-beta and IFN-gamma were up regulated in the CT of both infected lines during lytic infection. The expression levels of both genes were much higher in the susceptible line than in the resistant line. A similar pattern of expression was observed for IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, and iNOS. IL-12 was up regulated in the CT of birds of the susceptible line during all three phases of infection. An over expression of IL-18 was also observed in CT of the susceptible line during lytic and latent phases of infection. IL-8 was the only cytokine expressed at higher levels in the CT of the resistant line during the lytic and reactivation phases of infection. The histopathologic observations and gene expression profiling are further discussed. C1 [Heidari, Mohammad; Zhang, Huanmin] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Fitzgerald, Scott D.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Heidari, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 4279 East Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM mohammad.heidari@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 262 EP 270 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT4ZG UT WOS:000344952300011 PM 25055631 ER PT J AU Dunn, JR Auten, K Heidari, M Buscaglia, C AF Dunn, John R. Auten, Kiva Heidari, Mohammad Buscaglia, Celina TI Correlation Between Marek's Disease Virus Pathotype and Replication SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE herpesvirus; poultry; pathotype; replication; MDV ID STRAINS; CHICKENS; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; BLOOD; PATHOGENICITY; ASSOCIATION; HERPESVIRUS; DIAGNOSIS; LOAD AB Marek's disease (MD) virus (MDV) is an alphaherpesvirus that causes MD, a lymphoproliferative disease in chickens. Pathotyping has become an increasingly important assay for monitoring shifts in virulence of field strains; however, it is time-consuming and expensive, and alternatives are needed to provide fast answers in the face of current outbreaks. The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in virus replication between pathotypes that have been reported using a small number of virulent (v) and very virulent plus (vv+) MDV strains could be confirmed with a large collection of MD viruses. Based on pilot study data, bursa, brain, and lung samples were collected at 9 and 11 days postinoculation (dpi) from birds challenged with 1 of 15 MDV strains. The correlation between virus replication and virulence was confirmed between vMDV strains and higher virulent strains, but in most cases, there was no significant difference between very virulent (vv) and vv+ MDV groups. At both 9 and 11 dpi, chickens infected with vv and vv+ MDV had significantly lower body weights and relative thymus and bursa weights compared with chickens challenged with vMDV. However, similar to virus quantity, there was no significant difference between weights in birds challenged with vv or vv+ MDV. The significant differences observed in maternal antibody negative (ab-) chickens were not significant in maternal antibody positive (ab+) chickens, demonstrating the requirement of ab- birds for this type of comparison. These data do not support the use of virus replication or organ weights as an alternative to pathotyping for discrimination between all three virulent MDV pathotypes but may be useful for determining a virus replication threshold to choose which field strains meet a minimum virulence to be pathotyped by traditional methods. C1 [Dunn, John R.; Auten, Kiva; Heidari, Mohammad; Buscaglia, Celina] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Auten, Kiva] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Buscaglia, Celina] Sci Res Commiss CIC, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Buscaglia, Celina] Bird Observers Club COA, Pinamar, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Buscaglia, Celina] Bird Observers Club COA, Madariaga, Buenos Aires, Argentina. RP Dunn, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 4279 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM john.dunn@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT4ZG UT WOS:000344952300014 PM 25055634 ER PT J AU Day, JM Gonder, E Jennings, S Rives, D Robbins, K Tilley, B Wooming, B AF Day, J. Michael Gonder, Eric Jennings, Shannon Rives, David Robbins, Kabel Tilley, Becky Wooming, Brian TI Investigating Turkey Enteric Coronavirus Circulating in the Southeastern United States and Arkansas During 2012 and 2013 SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE turkey; enteric; coronavirus; phylogenetics ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; VIRUSES; ASTROVIRUS; EMERGENCE; SEQUENCES; TISSUES; RNA AB Periodic monitoring of poultry flocks in the United States via molecular diagnostic methods has revealed a number of potential enteric viral pathogens in continuous circulation in turkeys and chickens. Recently turkey integrators in the Southeastern United States and Arkansas experienced an outbreak of moderate to severe enteritis associated with turkey enteric coronavirus (TCoV), and numerous enteric samples collected from turkey flocks in these areas tested positive for TCoV via real-time reverse-transcriptase PCR (RRT-PCR). This report details the subsequent sequence and phylogenetic analysis of the TCoV spike glycoprotein and the comparison of outbreak-associated isolates to sequences in the public database. TCoVs investigated during the present outbreak grouped geographically based upon state of origin, and the RRT-PCR assay was a good indicator of subsequent seroconversion by TCoV-positive turkey flocks. C1 [Day, J. Michael] USDA ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gonder, Eric; Robbins, Kabel; Tilley, Becky] Butterball LLC, Garner, NC 27529 USA. [Jennings, Shannon] Nash Johnson & Sons, Rose Hill, NC 28458 USA. [Rives, David] Prestage Farms Inc, Clinton, NC 28328 USA. [Wooming, Brian] Cargill Turkey Prod LLC, Springdale, AR 72765 USA. RP Day, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Michael.day@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 313 EP 317 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT4ZG UT WOS:000344952300020 PM 25055640 ER PT J AU Elrashidi, MA Seybold, CA AF Elrashidi, Moustafa Ali Seybold, Cathy A. TI Effects of Precipitation on Nonpoint Source of Alkaline Earth Element Contamination to Surface Waters in the US Great Plains SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Great Plains; nonpoint source; surface runoff; alkaline earth elements ID AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; NUTRIENT LOSSES; RUNOFF; STRONTIUM; BARIUM; METALS AB Declining surface water quality is of great concern across the Great Plains. Recent changes in the earth's climate can create abrupt changes in domestic weather that can alter the impact of nonpoint sources on water quality. A 2-year study (dry and wet years) was conducted to assess the impact of annual precipitation and runoff on water quality. Both dissolved and sediment-bound forms of alkaline earth elements (calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), barium (Ba), and strontium (Sr)) were determined weekly in runoff. Dissolved forms accounted for most of the element contents in runoff. The average concentrations of dissolved Ca, Mg, K, Ba, and Sr in runoff during the dry year (104, 24, 7.6, 0.38, and 0.61 mg/L, respectively) were greater than those during the wet year (65, 15.5, 7.2, 0.19, and 0.37 mg/L, respectively). On the contrary, the annual element loadings in surface water were greater for the wet year than those during the dry year. Calcium contributed to the greatest loadings (920 and 2,234 metric tons for the dry and wet years, respectively), whereas Ba had the least loadings at 3.7 metric tons for the dry year and 12.3 metric tons for the wet year. We concluded that greater precipitation during the wet year increased the negative impact of runoff alkaline earth elements on water quality in the Great Plains. C1 [Elrashidi, Moustafa Ali; Seybold, Cathy A.] NRCS, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Elrashidi, MA (reprint author), NRCS, USDA, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, 100 Centennial Mall N, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. EM moustafa.elrashidi@lin.usda.gov NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 179 IS 6 BP 314 EP 323 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000071 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AT6DG UT WOS:000345028600005 ER PT J AU Podlaski, R Roesch, FA AF Podlaski, Rafal Roesch, Francis A. TI Approximation of the breast height diameter distribution of two-cohort stands by mixture models. III. Kernel density estimators vs mixture models SO SYLWAN LA Polish DT Article DE two-component models; kernel density estimator; tree diameter distribution; Monte Carlo simulation ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; FINITE MIXTURE; TESTS; PARAMETER AB Two-component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution and the kernel density estimator were used for describing the diameter at breast height (dbh) empirical distributions of two-cohort stands. The data consisted of study plots from the Swietokrzyski National Park (central Poland) and areas close to and including the North Carolina section of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (USA; southern Appalachians). Kernel density estimators belong to a class of nonparametric density estimators. Nonparametric estimators have no fixed structure and depend upon all the data points to reach an estimate. In this study the Weibull and the gamma mixture distributions were the most versatile models. The results also support the conclusion that there are only minor differences between the parametric models and the kernel density estimates. C1 [Podlaski, Rafal] Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. [Roesch, Francis A.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Asheville, NC 28804 USA. RP Podlaski, R (reprint author), Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego, Zaklad Ochrony Przyrody, Ul Swietokrzyska 15, PL-25406 Kielce, Poland. EM r_podlaski@pro.onet.pl; froesch@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU POLSKIE TOWARZYSTWO LESNE PI WARSZAWA PA KOMITET REDAKCYJNY SYLWANA, UL BITWY WARSZAWSKIEJ 1920 R NR 3, WARSZAWA, PL-02 362, POLAND SN 0039-7660 J9 SYLWAN JI Sylwan PD JUN PY 2014 VL 158 IS 6 BP 414 EP 422 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AR3ZU UT WOS:000343528600003 ER PT J AU Millet, E Manisterski, J Ben-Yehuda, P Distelfeld, A Deek, J Wan, A Chen, X Steffenson, BJ AF Millet, E. Manisterski, J. Ben-Yehuda, P. Distelfeld, A. Deek, J. Wan, A. Chen, X. Steffenson, B. J. TI Introgression of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance from Sharon goatgrass (Aegilops sharonensis Eig) into bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Aegilops sharonensis; wheat; recombinant lines; leaf rust resistance; stripe rust resistance; DArT mapping ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; COMMON WHEAT; UNITED-STATES; STEM RUST; CHROMOSOME; IMPROVEMENT; LONGISSIMA; ISRAEL; RACES AB Leaf rust and stripe rust are devastating wheat diseases, causing significant yield losses in many regions of the world. The use of resistant varieties is the most efficient way to protect wheat crops from these diseases. Sharon goatgrass (Aegilops sharonensis or AES), which is a diploid wild relative of wheat, exhibits a high frequency of leaf and stripe rust resistance. We used the resistant AES accession TH548 and induced homoeologous recombination by the ph1b allele to obtain resistant wheat recombinant lines carrying AES chromosome segments in the genetic background of the spring wheat cultivar Galil. The gametocidal effect from AES was overcome by using an "anti-gametocidal" wheat mutant. These recombinant lines were found resistant to highly virulent races of the leaf and stripe rust pathogens in Israel and the United States. Molecular DArT analysis of the different recombinant lines revealed different lengths of AES segments on wheat chromosome 6B, which indicates the location of both resistance genes. C1 [Millet, E.; Manisterski, J.; Ben-Yehuda, P.] Tel Aviv Univ, Inst Cereal Crops Improvement, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Distelfeld, A.; Deek, J.] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Ecol Plants, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Wan, A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Steffenson, B. J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Millet, E (reprint author), Tel Aviv Univ, Inst Cereal Crops Improvement, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. EM eitan.millet@weizmann.ac.il OI Distelfeld, Assaf/0000-0003-1777-3053; Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 FU Lieberman-Okinow Endowment at the University of Minnesota; Stephen Lieberman family; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; UK Department for International Development to Cornell University FX This study was supported in part by funds provided through the Lieberman-Okinow Endowment at the University of Minnesota. The additional financial support of the Stephen Lieberman family to E. M. is greatly appreciated. This study also was supported in part by funds to B.J.S. through a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the UK Department for International Development to Cornell University for the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative (BGRI) Durable Rust Resistance in Wheat (DRRW) Project. We thank James Kolmer for providing leaf rust race TFBJQ. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JUN PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 309 EP 316 DI 10.1139/gen-2014-0004 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ8ZP UT WOS:000343129900001 PM 25209724 ER PT J AU He, GH Barkley, NA Zhao, YL Yuan, M Prakash, CS AF He, Guohao Barkley, Noelle A. Zhao, Yongli Yuan, Mei Prakash, C. S. TI Phylogenetic relationships of species of genus Arachis based on genic sequences SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE EST-SSR; RGA; NBS-LRR; peanut ID CULTIVATED PEANUT; GENOMIC AFFINITIES; FLANKING REGIONS; SECTION ARACHIS; MARKERS; ORYZA; MICROSATELLITES; EVOLUTION; HYPOGAEA; FABACEAE AB The genus Arachis (Fabaceae), which originated in South America, consists of 80 species. Based on morphological traits and cross-compatibility among the species, the genus is divided into nine taxonomic sections. Arachis is the largest section including the economically valuable cultivated peanut (A. hypogaea). Seven genic sequences were utilized to better understand the phylogenetic relationships between species of genus Arachis. Our study displayed four clades of species of Arachis. Arachis triseminata was genetically isolated from all other species of Arachis studied, and it formed the basal clade with A. retusa and A. dardani from the most ancient sections Extranervosae and Heteranthae, respectively. Species of section Arachis formed a separated single clade from all other species, within which species having B and D genome clustered in one subgroup and three species characterized with an A genome grouped together in another subgroup. A divergent clade including species from five sections was sister to the clade of section Arachis. Between the sister clades and the basal clade there was a clade containing species from the more advanced sections. Phylogenetic relationships of all the species of Arachis using multiple genic sequences were similar to the phylogenies produced with single-copy genes. C1 [He, Guohao; Zhao, Yongli; Prakash, C. S.] Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Barkley, Noelle A.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Yuan, Mei] Minist Agr, Shandong Peanut Res Inst, Key Lab Peanut Biol & Genet Improvement, Shandong Prov Key Lab Peanut, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China. RP He, GH (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hguohao@mytu.tuskegee.edu FU USAID-Zambia under the Feed the Future program; USAID-Zambia under the Improving Groundnut Farmers' Incomes and Nutrition through Innovation and Technology Enhancement (I-FINITE); George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station at Tuskegee University FX This work was supported by grants from USAID-Zambia under the Feed the Future program, and under the project Improving Groundnut Farmers' Incomes and Nutrition through Innovation and Technology Enhancement (I-FINITE) through a subaward to ICRISAT; and the George Washington Carver Agricultural Experiment Station at Tuskegee University. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JUN PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 327 EP 334 DI 10.1139/gen-2014-0037 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ8ZP UT WOS:000343129900003 PM 25211395 ER PT J AU Chandra, A Grisham, MP Pan, YB AF Chandra, Amaresh Grisham, Michael P. Pan, Yong-Bao TI Allelic divergence and cultivar-specific SSR alleles revealed by capillary electrophoresis using fluorescence-labeled SSR markers in sugarcane SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE capillary electrophoresis; cultivar-specific alleles; genetic diversity; microsatellites; sugarcane ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; REGISTRATION; SACCHARUM; AFLP; TRANSFERABILITY; RAPD AB Though sugarcane cultivars (Saccharum spp. hybrids) are complex aneupolyploid hybrids, genetic evaluation and tracking of clone-or cultivar-specific alleles become possible through capillary electrophoresis (CE) using fluorescence-labeled SSR markers. Twenty-four sugarcane cultivars, 12 each from India and the USA, were genetically assessed using 21 fluorescence-labeled polymorphic SSR markers. These markers primed the amplification of 213 alleles. Of these alleles, 161 were common to both Indian and US cultivars, 25 were specific to the Indian cultivars, and 27 were observed only in the US cultivars. Only 10 alleles were monomorphic. A high level of heterozygosity was observed in both Indian (82.4%) and US (91.1%) cultivars resulting in average polymorphism information content (PIC) values of 0.66 and 0.77 and marker index (MI) values of 5.07 and 5.58, respectively. Pearson correlation between PIC and MI was significant in both sets of cultivars (r = 0.58 and 0.69). UPGMA clustering separated cultivars into three distinct clusters at 59% homology level. These results propose the potential utility of six Indian cultivar-specific SSR alleles (mSSCIR3_182, SMC486CG_229, SMC36BUQ_125, mSSCIR74_216, SMC334BS_154, and mSSCIR43_238) in sugarcane breeding, vis a vis transporting CE-based evaluation in clone or variety identity testing, cross fidelity assessments, and genetic relatedness among species of the genus Saccharum and related genera. C1 [Chandra, Amaresh; Grisham, Michael P.; Pan, Yong-Bao] ARS, USDA, MSA, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Chandra, Amaresh] Indian Inst Sugarcane Res, Lucknow 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India. RP Pan, YB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, MSA, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM YongBao.Pan@ars.usda.gov FU Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India FX A.C. is grateful to the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi, India, for award of DBT-CREST fellowship. Service support of Brian Scheffler in carrying out high throughput PCR and CE is greatly appreciated. Product names and trademarks are mentioned to report factually on available data; however, the USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of the product, and the use of the name by USDA does not imply the approval of the product to the exclusion of others that may also be suitable. The experiments reported comply with the current laws of the USA. NR 46 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD JUN PY 2014 VL 57 IS 6 BP 363 EP 372 DI 10.1139/gen-2014-0072 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ8ZP UT WOS:000343129900007 PM 25247737 ER PT J AU Skaggs, TH Suarez, DL Corwin, DL AF Skaggs, T. H. Suarez, D. L. Corwin, D. L. TI Global Sensitivity Analysis for UNSATCHEM Simulations of Crop Production with Degraded Waters SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATING FORAGE CROPS; SALINE WATERS; STEADY-STATE; SOIL-WATER; MODELS; MANAGEMENT; DRAINAGE; PARAMETERS; STRESS; SYSTEM AB One strategy for maintaining irrigated agricultural productivity in the face of diminishing resource availability is to make greater use of marginal quality waters and lands. A key to sustaining systems using degraded irrigation waters is salinity management. Advanced simulation models and decision support tools can aid in the design and management of water reuse systems, but at present model predictions and related management recommendations contain significant uncertainty. Sensitivity analyses can help characterize and reduce uncertainties by revealing which parameter variations or uncertainties have the greatest impact on model outputs. In this work, the elementary effects method was used to obtain global sensitivity analyses of UNSATCHEM seasonal simulations of forage corn (Zea mays L.) production with differing irrigation rates and water compositions. Sensitivities were determined with respect to four model outcomes: crop yield, average root zone salinity, water leaching fraction, and salt leaching fraction. For a multiple-season, quasi-steady scenario, the sensitivity analysis found that overall the most important model parameters were the plant salt tolerance parameters, followed by the solute dispersivity. For a single-season scenario with irrigation scheduling based on soil water deficit, soil hydraulic parameters were the most important; the computed salt leaching fraction was also strongly affected by the initial ionic composition of the exchange phase because of its impact on mineral precipitation. In general, parameter sensitivities depend of the specifics of a given modeling scenario, and procedures for routine use of models for site-specific degraded irrigation water management should include site-specific uncertainty and sensitivity analyses. The elementary effects method used in this work is a useful approach for obtaining parameter sensitivity information at relatively low computational cost. C1 [Skaggs, T. H.; Suarez, D. L.; Corwin, D. L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Skaggs, TH (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM todd.skaggs@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 13 IS 6 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.09.0171 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AQ9HM UT WOS:000343161000001 ER PT J AU Schwarz, RS Teixeira, EW Tauber, JP Birke, JM Martins, MF Fonseca, I Evans, JD AF Schwarz, Ryan S. Teixeira, Erica Weinstein Tauber, James P. Birke, Juliane M. Martins, Marta Fonseca Fonseca, Isabela Evans, Jay D. TI Honey bee colonies act as reservoirs for two Spiroplasma facultative symbionts and incur complex, multiyear infection dynamics SO MICROBIOLOGYOPEN LA English DT Article DE Flower microbe communities; host-parasite interaction; microbial prevalence; spiroplasma; symbiont; temporal survey ID APIS-MELLIFERA; SOUTHWESTERN FRANCE; ERIOCHEIR-SINENSIS; COLLAPSE DISORDER; PENAEUS-VANNAMEI; FLORAL NECTAR; PATHOGENICITY; DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION; MYCOPLASMAS AB Two species of Spiroplasma (Mollicutes) bacteria were isolated from and described as pathogens of the European honey bee, Apis mellifera, similar to 30 years ago but recent information on them is lacking despite global concern to understand bee population declines. Here we provide a comprehensive survey for the prevalence of these two Spiroplasma species in current populations of honey bees using improved molecular diagnostic techniques to assay multiyear colony samples from North America (U.S.A.) and South America (Brazil). Significant annual and seasonal fluctuations of Spiroplasma apis and Spiroplasma melliferum prevalence in colonies from the U.S.A. (n = 616) and Brazil (n = 139) occurred during surveys from 2011 through 2013. Overall, 33% of U.S.A. colonies and 54% of Brazil colonies were infected by Spiroplasma spp., where S. melliferum predominated over S. apis in both countries (25% vs. 14% and 44% vs. 38% frequency, respectively). Colonies were co-infected by both species more frequently than expected in both countries and at a much higher rate in Brazil (52%) compared to the U.S.A. (16.5%). U.S.A. samples showed that both species were prevalent not only during spring, as expected from prior research, but also during other seasons. These findings demonstrate that the model of honey bee spiroplasmas as springtime-restricted pathogens needs to be broadened and their role as occasional pathogens considered in current contexts. C1 [Schwarz, Ryan S.; Tauber, James P.; Birke, Juliane M.; Evans, Jay D.] USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Teixeira, Erica Weinstein] Sao Paulo State Agribusiness Technol Agcy APTA, Honey Bee Hlth Lab LASA, BR-12400970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Martins, Marta Fonseca; Fonseca, Isabela] Embrapa Dairy Cattle, Mol Genet Lab, BR-36038330 Juiz De Fora, MG, Brazil. RP Evans, JD (reprint author), USDA, Bee Res Lab, BARC East Bldg 306,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jay.evans@ars.usda.gov RI Evans, Jay/C-8408-2012; Martins, Marta/H-1672-2012 OI Evans, Jay/0000-0002-0036-4651; Martins, Marta/0000-0002-4260-5329 FU Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (CNPq/MAPA/SDA) [064/2008]; Sao Paulo State Research Funding Agency (FAPESP) [2012/18802-3] FX This work was supported by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq), the Brazilian Ministry of Science and Technology (CNPq/MAPA/SDA Ed. No. 064/2008 grant E. W. T.) and Sao Paulo State Research Funding Agency (FAPESP, proc. 2012/18802-3 grant - E. W. T.) NR 57 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-8827 J9 MICROBIOLOGYOPEN JI MicrobiologyOpen PD JUN PY 2014 VL 3 IS 3 BP 341 EP 355 DI 10.1002/mbo3.172 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AP8UK UT WOS:000342354500007 PM 24771723 ER PT J AU Nogueira, LR Engel, VL Parrotta, JA de Melo, ACG Re, DS AF Nogueira Junior, Lauro Rodrigues Engel, Vera Lex Parrotta, John A. Galvao de Melo, Antonio Carlos Re, Danilo Scorzoni TI Allometric equations for estimating tree biomass in restored mixed-species Atlantic Forest stands SO BIOTA NEOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE Above-ground biomass; Below-ground biomass; Biomass equation; Tree allometry; Atlantic Forest; Restoration ID SCALE ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; TROPICAL FORESTS; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; BRAZIL; MANAGEMENT AB Restoration of Atlantic Forests is receiving increasing attention because of its role in both biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration for global climate change mitigation. This study was carried out in an Atlantic Forest restoration project in the south-central region of Sao Paulo State - Brazil to develop allometric equations to estimate tree biomass of indigenous tree species in mixed plantations. Above and below-ground biomass (AGB and BGB, respectively), stem diameter (DBH: diameter at 1.3 m height), tree height (H: total height) and specific wood density (WD) were measured for 60 trees of 19 species. Different biomass equations (linear and nonlinear-transformed) were adjusted to estimate AGB and BGB as a function of DBH, H and WD. For estimating AGB and BGB, the linear biomass equation models were the least accurate. The transformed nonlinear biomass equation that used log DBH2, log H and log WD as predictor variables were the most accurate for AGB and the transformed nonlinear biomass equations that used log DBH2*WD as predictor variables were the most accurate for BGB. It is concluded that these adjusted equations can be used to estimate the AGB and BGB in areas of the studied project. The adjusted equations can be recommended for use elsewhere in the region for forest stands of similar age, tree size ranges, species composition and site characteristics. C1 [Nogueira Junior, Lauro Rodrigues] EMBRAPA, BR-49025040 Aracaju, SE, Brazil. [Engel, Vera Lex; Re, Danilo Scorzoni] Univ Estadual Paulista Julio de Mesquita Filho UN, Fac Ciencias Agron, Dept Ciencias Florestais, BR-18610307 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Parrotta, John A.] USDA, Forest Serv, Res & Dev, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. [Galvao de Melo, Antonio Carlos] Floresta Estadual Assis, IF SP, BR-19802300 Assis, SP, Brazil. RP Nogueira, LR (reprint author), EMBRAPA, Caixa Postal 44, BR-49025040 Aracaju, SE, Brazil. EM lauro.nogueira@embrapa.br RI Trajano, Adalberto/P-3014-2015; Engel, Vera/B-8457-2012 OI Engel, Vera/0000-0001-5806-2544 FU Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP); National Council of Research and Technology (CNPq); FAPESP [2006/06315-0]; CNPq FX The project received grants from Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) and National Council of Research and Technology (CNPq). The first author received a Ph.D. Scholarship from FAPESP, Process 2006/06315-0. The second author thanks also to CNPq for the Research Productivity Fellowship. We thank all the students and staff members of the Laboratory of Ecology and Forest Restoration of Sao Paulo State University (LERF/UNESP) and employees of the Agronomic Sciences College (FCA/UNESP) for field assistance, and in particular Aparecido Agostinho Arruda and Elder Candido Mattos. We also thank A.V. Teodoro (Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa) for comments on previous versions of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 25 PU REVISTA BIOTA NEOTROPICA PI CAMPINAS PA AV. DR. ROMEU TORTIMA, 388 - BARAO GERALDO, CEP 13084-520, CAMPINAS, SP, BRAZIL SN 1676-0603 J9 BIOTA NEOTROP JI Biota Neotrop. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 DI 10.1590/1676-06032013008413 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA AP3MF UT WOS:000341979400001 ER PT J AU Birch, DS Morgan, P Kolden, CA Hudak, AT Smith, AMS AF Birch, Donovan S. Morgan, Penelope Kolden, Crystal A. Hudak, Andrew T. Smith, Alistair M. S. TI Is proportion burned severely related to daily area burned? SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE burn severity; daily area burned; dNBR; fire progression; forest fires; infrared perimeter mapping; northern Rockies ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; SUB-ALPINE FORESTS; FIRE SEVERITY; SOUTHERN CASCADES; NORTHERN ROCKIES; SIERRA-NEVADA; WILDFIRE; USA; CALIFORNIA; CLIMATE AB The ecological effects of forest fires burning with high severity are long-lived and have the greatest impact on vegetation successional trajectories, as compared to low-to-moderate severity fires. The primary drivers of high severity fire are unclear, but it has been hypothesized that wind-driven, large fire-growth days play a significant role, particularly on large fires in forested ecosystems. Here, we examined the relative proportion of classified burn severity for individual daily areas burned that occurred during 42 large forest fires in central Idaho and western Montana from 2005 to 2007 and 2011. Using infrared perimeter data for wildfires with five or more consecutive days of mapped perimeters, we delineated 2697 individual daily areas burned from which we calculated the proportions of each of three burn severity classes (high, moderate, and low) using the differenced normalized burn ratio as mapped for large fires by the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project. We found that the proportion of high burn severity was weakly correlated (Kendall tau = 0.299) with size of daily area burned (DAB). Burn severity was highly variable, even for the largest (95th percentile) in DAB, suggesting that other variables than fire extent influence the ecological effects of fires. We suggest that these results do not support the prioritization of large runs during fire rehabilitation efforts, since the underlying assumption in this prioritization is a positive relationship between severity and area burned in a day. C1 [Birch, Donovan S.; Morgan, Penelope; Smith, Alistair M. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kolden, Crystal A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hudak, Andrew T.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Birch, DS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM pmorgan@uidaho.edu RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014 OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNX11AO24G]; University of Idaho FX This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) award NNX11AO24G, and by the University of Idaho. We thank the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity project and National Infrared Operations (NIROPS, www.nirops.fs.fed.us) personnel for data and technical assistance. We thank K Bromley and M Christensen and two anonymous reviewers whose comments improved this letter. NR 62 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1748-9326 J9 ENVIRON RES LETT JI Environ. Res. Lett. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR 064011 DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/6/064011 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP1JM UT WOS:000341825200013 ER PT J AU Boateng, CO Schwartz, HF Havey, MJ Otto, K AF Boateng, C. O. Schwartz, H. F. Havey, M. J. Otto, K. TI Evaluation of Onion Germplasm for Resistance to Iris Yellow Spot (Iris Yellow Spot Virus) and Onion Thrips, Thrips tabaci SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID THYSANOPTERA THRIPIDAE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; LINDEMAN THYSANOPTERA; SEED CROPS; NEW-YORK; FIELDS; BULB; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PATTERNS; ENTRIES AB Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most economically important monocot besides grasses. The crop suffers severe damage from onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman, a cosmopolitan and polyphagous insect pest. In addition to causing direct feeding damage, onion thrips is the principal vector of the economically important Iris yellow spot virus (Tospovirus sp., family Bunyaviridae). Any attempt to manage this pathosystem will require a multifaceted approach based on integrated pest management. Host plant resistance is an important foundation to the success of such approaches. A multi-state, multi-disciplinary research project was established to identify, validate, and deliver resistance to this pathosystem for use by the onion industry. As part of the project, diverse onion plant introduction (PI) accessions from the USDA germplasm collection, advanced breeding lines, and commercial cultivars were evaluated from 2009 through 2011 in fields in Colorado. Sixteen, 15, and 10 better performing onion genotypes were selected in 2009, 2010, and 2011, respectively. Of these, PI 264320 (Grano), PI 546140 (San Joaquin), and PI 546192 (Yellow Sweet Spanish) were selected in both 2009 and 2010, and PI 258956 (Calderana 1028) and PI 546188 (Yellow Sweet Spanish Winegar) were selected in all 3 years. These genotypes should be useful to improve commercial cultivars to reduce losses by the two pests. C1 [Boateng, C. O.; Schwartz, H. F.; Otto, K.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Havey, M. J.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Havey, M. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Boateng, CO (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM charles.boateng@colostate.edu; howard.schwartz@colostate.edu FU USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2008-51180-04875]; Colorado State University Agricultural Experiment Station; Colorado Onion Association FX This research was funded in part by USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant 2008-51180-04875, Colorado State University Agricultural Experiment Station, and Colorado Onion Association. We gratefully acknowledge the donation of onion seed from Chris Cramer at New Mexico State University, and assistance from Whitney Cranshaw and the vegetable entomology personnel with enumeration of thrips throughout the study. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 39 IS 2 BP 237 EP 260 PG 24 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP6IX UT WOS:000342182000004 ER PT J AU Huang, WJ Liu, HK McCormick, S Tang, WH AF Huang, Wei-Jie Liu, Hai-Kuan McCormick, Sheila Tang, Wei-Hua TI Tomato Pistil Factor STIG1 Promotes in Vivo Pollen Tube Growth by Binding to Phosphatidylinositol 3-Phosphate and the Extracellular Domain of the Pollen Receptor Kinase LePRK2 SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; TRANSIENT EXPRESSION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NADPH OXIDASE; PLANT-CELLS; DYNAMICS; TOBACCO; 4-PHOSPHATE; GERMINATION; YEAST AB The speed of pollen tube growth is a major determinant of reproductive success in flowering plants. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) STIGMA-SPECIFIC PROTEIN1 (STIG1), a small Cys-rich protein from the pistil, was previously identified as a binding partner of the pollen receptor kinase LePRK2 and shown to promote pollen tube growth in vitro. However, the in vivo function of STIG1 and the underlying mechanism of its promotive effect were unknown. Here, we show that a 7-kD processed peptide of STIG1 is abundant in the stigmatic exudate and accumulates at the pollen tube surface, where it can bind LePRK2. Antisense LePRK2 pollen was less responsive than wild-type pollen to exogenous STIG1 in an in vitro pollen germination assay. Silencing of STIG1 reduced both the in vivo pollen tube elongation rate and seed production. Using partial deletion and point mutation analyses, two regions underlying the promotive activity of the STIG1 processed peptide were identified: amino acids 80 to 83, which interact with LePRK2; and amino acids 88 to 115, which bind specifically to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate [PI(3)P]. Furthermore, exogenous STIG1 elevated the overall redox potential of pollen tubes in both PI(3)P-dependent and LePRK2-dependent manners. Our results demonstrate that STIG1 conveys growth-promoting signals acting through the pollen receptor kinase LePRK2, a process that relies on the external phosphoinositide PI(3)P. C1 [Huang, Wei-Jie; Liu, Hai-Kuan; Tang, Wei-Hua] Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol,Natl Key Lab Plant Mol, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci Univ Calif Berkeley Ctr Mo, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [Huang, Wei-Jie; Liu, Hai-Kuan] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. [McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Plant Gene Express, USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [McCormick, Sheila] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Tang, WH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci, Inst Plant Physiol & Ecol,Natl Key Lab Plant Mol, Shanghai Inst Biol Sci Univ Calif Berkeley Ctr Mo, Shanghai 200032, Peoples R China. EM whtang@sibs.ac.cn FU Natural Science Foundation of China [30970266, 31170291]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA10A302] FX We thank Yan Zhang for the kind gifts of the ProLAT52:2XFYVE-mRFP construct (Helling et al., 2006) and ProLAT52:ARA7-YFP (Zhang et al., 2010) and James Remington for the roGFP construct (Hanson et al., 2004). We thank Xiao-Shu Gao, Xiao-Yan Gao, Ji-Qin Li, and Xin Dong for help with roGFP imaging and cryo-scanning electron microscopy. We also thank Jorge Muschietti and Hong-Wei Xue for comments on the article. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 30970266 to Dong Zhang and Grant 31170291 to W.-H. T.) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant 2012AA10A302 to W.-H.T.). NR 61 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 EI 1532-298X J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD JUN PY 2014 VL 26 IS 6 BP 2505 EP 2523 DI 10.1105/tpc.114.123281 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA AP2DZ UT WOS:000341884000015 PM 24938288 ER PT J AU Jones, RW Perez, FG AF Jones, Richard W. Perez, Frances G. TI Constitutive Expression of a XEGIP in Potato Results in Phenotypic Changes Suggesting Endogenous Inhibition of Cell Wall Growth SO POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Family 12 endoglucanase; Phytophthora; Xyloglucan; Xyloglucanase inhibitor ID XYLOGLUCAN-SPECIFIC ENDO-BETA-1,4-GLUCANASE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; STRUCTURAL BASIS; GENOME SEQUENCE; LATE BLIGHT; PROTEIN; GENE; ENDOGLUCANASE; PHYTOPHTHORA; CLONING AB One mechanism for plant defense is the production of proteinaceous inhibitors that block the function of pathogen-produced cell wall-modifying enzymes. The xyloglucanase-specific endoglucanase inhibitor protein (XEGIP) is proposed to exist principally to block pathogen family 12 xyloglucan-specific endoglucanases. The role of XEGIP in plant defense was tested by generating transgenic XEGIP-overexpressing potato plants. Overexpression of an endogenous XEGIP in potato resulted in major changes in plant phenotype. Short petioles, small, thick leaves, reduced root formation, and distorted tuber shape resulted from XEGIP overexpression. Susceptibility to late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, was not altered. For the XEGIP tested (AY321357), there are previously unreported alterations in plant development that can be attributed to constitutive expression of XEGIP. The principal role of at least this XEGIP may be regulation of plant-encoded enzymes. C1 [Jones, Richard W.; Perez, Frances G.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jones, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, B010A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM richard.jones@ars.usda.gov; Frances.perez@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-3065 EI 1871-4528 J9 POTATO RES JI Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 57 IS 2 BP 133 EP 144 DI 10.1007/s11540-014-9260-6 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AP0JT UT WOS:000341748300004 ER PT J AU Poco, J Dasgupta, A Wei, Y Hargrove, W Schwalm, C Cook, R Bertini, E Silva, C AF Poco, J. Dasgupta, A. Wei, Y. Hargrove, W. Schwalm, C. Cook, R. Bertini, E. Silva, C. TI SimilarityExplorer: A Visual Inter-Comparison Tool for Multifaceted Climate Data SO COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM LA English DT Article ID DATA EXPLORATION; VISUALIZATION; DESIGN; SPACE; TIME; FRAMEWORK; MODEL AB Inter-comparison and similarity analysis to gauge consensus among multiple simulation models is a critical visualization problem for understanding climate change patterns. Climate models, specifically, Terrestrial Biosphere Models (TBM) represent time and space variable ecosystem processes, like, simulations of photosynthesis and respiration, using algorithms and driving variables such as climate and land use. While it is widely accepted that interactive visualization can enable scientists to better explore model similarity from different perspectives and different granularity of space and time, currently there is a lack of such visualization tools. In this paper we present three main contributions. First, we propose a domain characterization for the TBM community by systematically defining the domain-specific intents for analyzing model similarity and characterizing the different facets of the data. Second, we define a classification scheme for combining visualization tasks and multiple facets of climate model data in one integrated framework, which can be leveraged for translating the tasks into the visualization design. Finally, we present SimilarityExplorer, an exploratory visualization tool that facilitates similarity comparison tasks across both space and time through a set of coordinated multiple views. We present two case studies from three climate scientists, who used our tool for a month for gaining scientific insights into model similarity. Their experience and results validate the effectiveness of our tool. C1 [Poco, J.; Dasgupta, A.; Bertini, E.; Silva, C.] NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Wei, Y.; Cook, R.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Hargrove, W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Schwalm, C.] No Arizona Univ, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Poco, J (reprint author), NYU, New York, NY 10003 USA. OI Cook, Robert/0000-0001-7393-7302; Poco, Jorge/0000-0001-9096-6287 FU DataONE project - NSF [OCI-0830944]; NSF [CNS-1229185]; NASA ROSES [10-BIOCLIM10-0067]; DOE Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research (BER); MAST-DC (NASA) [NNH10AN68I]; MsTMIP (NASA) [NNH10AN68I]; NASA's Terrestrial Ecology Program FX This work was supported by the DataONE project sponsored by the NSF Grant number OCI-0830944, and by NSF CNS-1229185, NASA ROSES 10-BIOCLIM10-0067, and DOE Office of Science Biological and Environmental Research (BER). The data was acquired through the MAST-DC (NASA Grant NNH10AN68I) and MsTMIP (NASA Grant NNH10AN68I) projects funded by NASA's Terrestrial Ecology Program. We also extend our gratitude to all members of the Scientific Exploration, Visualization, and Analysis working group (EVA) for their feedback and support. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0167-7055 EI 1467-8659 J9 COMPUT GRAPH FORUM JI Comput. Graph. Forum PD JUN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 3 BP 341 EP 350 DI 10.1111/cgf.12390 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA AN4ZA UT WOS:000340597400035 ER PT J AU Allen, HK AF Allen, Heather K. TI Antibiotic resistance gene discovery in food-producing animals SO CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SWINE; MICROBIOME; PREVALENCE; RESISTOME; CATTLE; ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; METAGENOMICS AB Numerous environmental reservoirs contribute to the widespread antibiotic resistance problem in human pathogens. One environmental reservoir of particular importance is the intestinal bacteria of food-producing animals. In this review I examine recent discoveries of antibiotic resistance genes in agricultural animals. Two types of antibiotic resistance gene discoveries will be discussed: the use of classic microbiological and molecular techniques, such as culturing and PCR, to identify known genes not previously reported in animals; and the application of high-throughput technologies, such as metagenomics, to identify novel genes and gene transfer mechanisms. These discoveries confirm that antibiotics should be limited to prudent uses. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Allen, HK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Food Safety & Enter Pathogens Res Unit, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM heather.allen@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 55 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5274 EI 1879-0364 J9 CURR OPIN MICROBIOL JI Curr. Opin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 19 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.mib.2014.06.001 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AO0FJ UT WOS:000340984200006 PM 24994584 ER PT J AU Durso, LM Cook, KL AF Durso, Lisa M. Cook, Kimberly L. TI Impacts of antibiotic use in agriculture: what are the benefits and risks? SO CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SWINE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; WASTE-WATER IRRIGATION; RESISTANCE GENES; HUMAN HEALTH; 5-NITROIMIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANIMAL HEALTH; SOIL; MANURE; ENVIRONMENT AB Antibiotic drugs provide clear benefits for food animal health and welfare, while simultaneously providing clear risks due to enrichment of resistant microorganisms. There is no consensus, however, on how to evaluate benefits and risks of antibiotic use in agriculture, or the impact on public health. Recent soil resistome work emphasizes the importance of environmental reservoirs of antibiotic resistance (AR), and provides a starting point for distinguishing AR that can be impacted by agricultural practices from AR naturally present in a system. Manure is the primary vehicle introducing antibiotic drugs, AR bacteria and AR genes from animals into the environment. Manure management, therefore, impacts the transfer of AR from agricultural to human clinical settings via soil, water, and food. Ongoing research on the ecology of naturally occurring and anthropogenically derived AR in agroecosystems is necessary to adequately quantify the benefits and risks associated with use of antibiotics in food animals. C1 [Durso, Lisa M.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Cook, Kimberly L.] USDA ARS, Food Anim Environm Syst Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Durso, LM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, 137 Keim Hall,UNL East Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM lisa.durso@ars.usda.gov; d102030@windstream.net FU USDA ARS National Program 214 FX This project was supported by USDA ARS National Program 214. Thanks are extended to J. McGhee and A. Mantz for assistance compiling tables, figures, and citations; S. Jones, T. Poole, and J. Schmidt for technical assistance; V. Jin, D. Miller, K. Friesen and B. Wienhold for critical reading of the manuscript; and C. Marshall for providing artwork for the figure. NR 66 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 25 U2 139 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1369-5274 EI 1879-0364 J9 CURR OPIN MICROBIOL JI Curr. Opin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 19 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.mib.2014.05.019 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AO0FJ UT WOS:000340984200008 PM 24997398 ER PT J AU Thongda, W Li, C Luo, YP Beck, BH Peatman, E AF Thongda, Wilawan Li, Chao Luo, Yupeng Beck, Benjamin H. Peatman, Eric TI L-Rhamnose-binding lectins (RBLs) in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus: Characterization and expression profiling in mucosal tissues SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhamnose-binding lectin; Catfish; Infection; Mucosal immunity ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; ANTHOCIDARIS-CRASSISPINA EGGS; REAL-TIME PCR; EDWARDSIELLA-ICTALURI; FLAVOBACTERIUM-COLUMNARE; GENE DUPLICATION; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; TELEOST FISH; ROE LECTIN AB Rhamnose-binding lectins (RBLs) have recently emerged as important molecules in the context of innate immunity in teleost fishes. Previously, using RNA-seq technology, we observed marked up-regulation of a RBL in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) gill following a challenge with the bacterial pathogen Flavobacterium columnare. Furthermore, the magnitude of RBL up-regulation positively correlated with disease susceptibility. Moving forward from these findings, we wished to more broadly understand RBL function, diversity, and expression kinetics in channel catfish. Therefore, in the present study we characterized the RBL gene family present in select channel catfish tissues and profiled family member expression after challenge with two different Gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Here, six RBLs were identified from channel catfish and were designated IpRBL1a, IpRBL1b, IpRBL1c, IpRBL3a, IpRBL3b, and IpRBL5a. These RBLs contained carbohydrate recognition domains (CRD) ranging from one to three domains and each CRD contained the conserved motifs of -YGR- and -DPC-. Despite a level of structural conservation, the catfish RBLs showed low full-length identity with RBLs from outside the order Siluriformes. IpRBL expression after bacterial infection varied depending on both pathogen and tissue type, suggesting that IpRBLs may exert disparate functions or exhibit distinct tissue-selective roles in the host immune response to bacterial pathogens. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Thongda, Wilawan; Li, Chao; Luo, Yupeng; Peatman, Eric] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Beck, Benjamin H.] ARS, USDA, Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Peatman, E (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM peatmer@auburn.edu FU Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station Hatch award; Royal Thai Government FX This project was supported by an Alabama Agriculture Experiment Station Hatch award to E. Peatman. Wilawan Thongda was supported by a scholarship from the Royal Thai Government. NR 59 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X EI 1879-0089 J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 2 BP 320 EP 331 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2014.01.018 PG 12 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA AO1JV UT WOS:000341069300009 PM 24480296 ER PT J AU Lee, MA Huang, YB Yao, HB Thomson, SJ Bruce, LM AF Lee, Matthew A. Huang, Yanbo Yao, Haibo Thomson, Steven J. Bruce, Lori Mann TI Determining the Effects of Storage on Cotton and Soybean Leaf Samples for Hyperspectral Analysis SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Ground truthing; hyperspectral imaging; leaf sampling; remote sensing; spectral decay ID LEAVES AB This paper studies the effect of storage techniques for transporting collected plant leaves from the field to the laboratory for hyperspectral analysis. The strategy of collecting leaf samples in the field for laboratory analysis is typically used when ground truthing is needed in remote sensing studies. Results indicate that the accuracy of hyperspectral measurements depends on a combination of storage technique (in a cooler or outside a cooler), time elapsed between collecting leaf samples in the field and measuring in the laboratory, and the plant species. A nonlinear model fitting method is proposed to estimate the spectrum of decaying plant leaves. This revealed that the reflectance of soybean leaves remained within the normal range for 45 min when the leaves were stored in a cooler, while soybean leaves stored outside a cooler remained within the normal range for 30 min. However, cotton leaves stored in a cooler decayed faster initially. Regardless of storage technique, results indicate that up to a maximum of 30 min can elapse between plant leaf sampling in the field and hyperspectral measurements in the laboratory. This study focused on cotton and soybean leaves, but the implication that time elapsing between sampling leaves and measuring their spectrum should be limited as much as possible can be applied to any study on other crop leaves. Results of the study also provide a guideline for crop storage limits when analyzing by laboratory hyperspectral sensing setting to improve the quality and reliability of data for precision agriculture. C1 [Lee, Matthew A.] Mississippi State Univ, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Huang, Yanbo; Thomson, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Yao, Haibo; Bruce, Lori Mann] Mississippi State Univ, Geosyst Res Inst, Starkville, MS 38776 USA. RP Huang, YB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM yanbo.huang@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1939-1404 EI 2151-1535 J9 IEEE J-STARS JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 7 IS 6 SI SI BP 2562 EP 2570 DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2330521 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AN5HK UT WOS:000340621200061 ER PT J AU Frank, JM Massman, WJ Ewers, BE Huckaby, LS Negron, JF AF Frank, John M. Massman, William J. Ewers, Brent E. Huckaby, Laurie S. Negron, Jose F. TI Ecosystem CO2/H2O fluxes are explained by hydraulically limited gas exchange during tree mortality from spruce bark beetles SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; LOCALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; STAND-REPLACING FIRE; SUB-ALPINE FOREST; LODGEPOLE PINE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; EDDY COVARIANCE; DENDROCTONUS-RUFIPENNIS AB Disturbances are increasing globally due to anthropogenic changes in land use and climate. This study determines whether a disturbance that affects the physiology of individual trees can be used to predict the response of the ecosystem by weighing two competing hypothesis at annual time scales: (a) changes in ecosystem fluxes are proportional to observable patterns of mortality or (b) to explain ecosystem fluxes the physiology of dying trees must also be incorporated. We evaluate these hypotheses by analyzing 6 years of eddy covariance flux data collected throughout the progression of a spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) epidemic in a Wyoming Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii)-subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) forest and testing for changes in canopy conductance (g(c)), evapotranspiration (ET), and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of CO2. We predict from these hypotheses that (a) g(c), ET, and NEE all diminish (decrease in absolute magnitude) as trees die or (b) that (1) g(c) and ET decline as trees are attacked (hydraulic failure from beetle-associated blue-stain fungi) and (2) NEE diminishes both as trees are attacked (restricted gas exchange) and when they die. Ecosystem fluxes declined as the outbreak progressed and the epidemic was best described as two phases: (I) hydraulic failure caused restricted g(c), ET (28 +/- 4% decline, Bayesian posterior mean +/- standard deviation), and gas exchange (NEE diminished 13 +/- 6%) and (II) trees died (NEE diminished 51 +/- 3% with minimal further change in ET to 36 +/- 4%). These results support hypothesis b and suggest that model predictions of ecosystem fluxes following massive disturbances must be modified to account for changes in tree physiological controls and not simply observed mortality. C1 [Frank, John M.; Massman, William J.; Huckaby, Laurie S.; Negron, Jose F.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Frank, John M.; Ewers, Brent E.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Frank, John M.; Ewers, Brent E.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Frank, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM jfrank@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station; Wyoming Water Development Commission; USGS FX We thank John Korfmacher, Alan Ellsworth, Bob Musselman, Mage Skordahl, Heather Speckman, and the countless others who have helped at the GLEES AmeriFlux site over the past decade; John Popp for his work on the dendrochronological survey; Faith Whitehouse for the leaf assimilation data; Jason Stoker and Scott Peckham for assistance with the MODIS data; and Scott Baggett and Ben Bird for their statistical expertise. This work was funded by the U.S. Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station with additional funding from the Wyoming Water Development Commission and USGS. NR 103 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 24 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 119 IS 6 BP 1195 EP 1215 DI 10.1002/2013JG002597 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AN4FF UT WOS:000340542300010 ER PT J AU Mayer, PM Dwire, KA Okay, JA Vidon, PG AF Mayer, Paul M. Dwire, Kathleen A. Okay, Judith A. Vidon, Philippe G. TI FEATURED COLLECTION INTRODUCTION: RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS AND BUFFERS II SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Dwire, Kathleen A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Okay, Judith A.] J&J Okay Consulting Inc, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Vidon, Philippe G.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Mayer, PM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM mayer.paul@epa.gov OI Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 529 EP 532 DI 10.1111/jawr.12212 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AN3CQ UT WOS:000340462900001 ER PT J AU Kaushal, SS Mayer, PM Vidon, PG Smith, RM Pennino, MJ Newcomer, TA Duan, SW Welty, C Belt, KT AF Kaushal, Sujay S. Mayer, Paul M. Vidon, Philippe G. Smith, Rose M. Pennino, Michael J. Newcomer, Tamara A. Duan, Shuiwang Welty, Claire Belt, Kenneth T. TI LAND USE AND CLIMATE VARIABILITY AMPLIFY CARBON, NUTRIENT, AND CONTAMINANT PULSES: A REVIEW WITH MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE eutrophication; water quality; hypoxia; nonpoint source pollution; methane; nitrous oxide; carbon dioxide; restoration; wetlands; best management practices ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; CREATED RIPARIAN MARSHES; COASTAL-PLAIN WATERSHEDS; LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SPRING-FED RIVER; GULF-OF-MEXICO AB Nonpoint source pollution from agriculture and urbanization is increasing globally at the same time climate extremes have increased in frequency and intensity. We review > 200 studies of hydrologic and gaseous fluxes and show how the interaction between land use and climate variability alters magnitude and frequency of carbon, nutrient, and greenhouse gas pulses in watersheds. Agricultural and urban watersheds respond similarly to climate variability due to headwater alteration and loss of ecosystem services to buffer runoff and temperature changes. Organic carbon concentrations/exports increase and organic carbon quality changes with runoff. Nitrogen and phosphorus exports increase during floods (sometimes by an order of magnitude) and decrease during droughts. Relationships between annual runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus exports differ across land use. CH4 and N2O pulses in riparian zones/floodplains predominantly increase with: flooding, warming, low oxygen, nutrient enrichment, and organic carbon. CH4, N2O, and CO2 pulses in streams/rivers increase due to similar factors but effects of floods are less known compared to base flow/droughts. Emerging questions include: (1) What factors influence lag times of contaminant pulses in response to extreme events? (2) What drives resistance/resilience to hydrologic and gaseous pulses? We conclude with eight recommendations for managing watershed pulses in response to interactive effects of land use and climate change. C1 [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Smith, Rose M.; Newcomer, Tamara A.; Duan, Shuiwang] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Smith, Rose M.; Newcomer, Tamara A.; Duan, Shuiwang] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Mayer, Paul M.] US EPA, Ecol Effects Branch, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Vidon, Philippe G.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Pennino, Michael J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Marine Estuarine Environm Sci Grad Program, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Welty, Claire] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Urban Environm Res & Educ, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Welty, Claire] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem Biochem & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Kaushal, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. EM skaushal@umd.edu RI Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/D-1045-2013; OI Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/0000-0002-2496-7641; Mayer, Paul/0000-0002-8550-1386 FU NASA [NASA NNX11AM28G]; Maryland Sea Grant [SA7528085-U, R/WS-2, NA05OAR4171042]; USGS [IWRRC 06HQGR0084 (104B), USGS-NIWR 08HQGR0052 (104 G)]; EPA NNEMS [2010-308]; Indiana University-Purdue University; Indianapolis RSGF; Mirsky Fellowship FX NSF: LTER DEB-0423476 and DEB-1027188, DEB-0948944, DBI 0640300, CBET-0854307, CBET-1058038, NASA grant NASA NNX11AM28G, and Maryland Sea Grant Awards SA7528085-U, R/WS-2, and NA05OAR4171042. Partial support was provided by grant/cooperative agreement numbers # IWRRC 06HQGR0084 (104B) and USGS-NIWR 08HQGR0052 (104 G) to P. Vidon from USGS and EPA NNEMS Award 2010-308 to T. Newcomer. Additional funding was provided by an Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis RSGF grant to P. Vidon, and a Mirsky Fellowship to P. E. Cuadra. Bill Stack provided helpful suggestions. The information presented herein is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the USGS. This manuscript has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review, and mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 216 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 19 U2 154 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 585 EP 614 DI 10.1111/jawr.12204 PG 30 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AN3CQ UT WOS:000340462900005 ER PT J AU Tilak, AS Burchell, MR Youssef, MA Lowrance, RR Williams, RG AF Tilak, Amey S. Burchell, Michael R., II Youssef, Mohamed A. Lowrance, Richard R. Williams, Randy G. TI FIELD TESTING THE RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT MODEL ON A RIPARIAN BUFFER IN THE NORTH CAROLINA UPPER COASTAL PLAIN SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE water quality; riparian buffers; nonpoint source pollution; nutrients; riparian ecosystem management model ID ORGANIC-MATTER; WATER-QUALITY; RUNOFF WATER; NITRATE; REMM; HYDROLOGY; LITTER; ZONES; DENITRIFICATION; SENSITIVITY AB The riparian ecosystem management model (REMM) was field tested using five years (2005-2009) of measured hydrologic and water quality data on a riparian buffer located in the Tar-Pamlico River Basin, North Carolina. The buffer site received NO3-N loading from an agricultural field that was fertilized with inorganic fertilizer. Field results showed the buffer reduced groundwater NO3-N concentration moving to the stream over a five-year period. REMM was calibrated hydrologically using daily field-measured water table depths (WTDs), and with monthly NO3-N concentrations in groundwater wells. Results showed simulated WTDs and NO3-N concentrations in good agreement with measured values. The mean absolute error and Willmott's index of agreement for WTDs varied from 13-45 cm and 0.72-0.92, respectively, while the root mean square error and Willmott's index of agreement for NO3-N concentrations ranged from 1.04-5.92 mg/l and 0.1-0.86, respectively, over the five-year period. REMM predicted plant nitrogen (N) uptake and denitrification were within ranges reported in other riparian buffer field studies. The calibrated and validated REMM was used to simulate 33 years of buffer performance at the site. Results showed that on average the buffer reduced NO3-N concentrations from 12 mg/l at the field edge to 0.7 mg/l at the stream edge over the simulation period, while the total N and NO3-N load reductions from the field edge to the stream were 77 and 82%, respectively. C1 [Tilak, Amey S.] Univ Birmingham, Dept Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. [Tilak, Amey S.; Burchell, Michael R., II; Youssef, Mohamed A.] N Carolina State Univ, DS Weaver Labs, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lowrance, Richard R.; Williams, Randy G.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Tilak, AS (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Dept Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. EM ameytilak@gmail.com FU NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources-Division of Soil and Water Conservation; NC Clean Water Management Program to improve the water quality impacts of buffers enrolled in North Carolina Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (NC-CREP) FX This modeling project was supported by the NC Department of Environment and Natural Resources-Division of Soil and Water Conservation and the NC Clean Water Management Program to improve the water quality impacts of buffers enrolled in North Carolina Conservation Reserve Enhancement Program (NC-CREP). We sincerely thank the staff from these agencies, particularly Natalie Woolard, David Williams, and Charles Bowden. We greatly acknowledge the NCSU staff, undergraduate, and graduate students who were extensively involved in data collection and site maintenance (L. T. Woodlief, Craig Baird, Mike Shaffer, Jamie Blackwell, Dale Hyatt, Jacob Wiseman, Tiffany Messer, Randall Etheridge, Laura Lord, and Spencer Davis). Dan Line and Karen Hall were extremely helpful in their contributions to streamflow/water quality monitoring and vegetation surveys, respectively. We also sincerely thank Dr. Wendell Gilliam and Dr. Robert Evans for their help on the field experimental setup. NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 665 EP 682 DI 10.1111/jawr.12208 PG 18 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AN3CQ UT WOS:000340462900010 ER PT J AU Warziniack, T AF Warziniack, Travis TI A GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN A RIVER BASIN SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE ecosystem services; general equilibrium; riparian; agriculture; nonpoint source ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; BROWN SHRIMP; HYPOXIA; NITROGEN; SHELF AB 5 This study builds a general equilibrium model of ecosystem services, with sectors of the economy competing for use of the environment. The model recognizes that production processes in the real world require a combination of natural and human inputs, and understanding the value of these inputs and their competing uses is necessary when considering policies of resource conservation. We demonstrate the model with a numerical example of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya river basin, in which grain production in the upper basin causes hypoxia that causes damages to the downstream fishing industry. We show that the size of damages is dependent on both environmental and economic shocks. While the potential damages to fishing are large, most of the damage occurs from economic forces rather than a more intensive use of nitrogen fertilizers. We show that these damages are exacerbated by increases in rainfall, which will likely get worse with climate change. We discuss welfare effects from a tax on nitrogen fertilizers and investments in riparian buffers. A 3% nitrogen tax would reduce the size of the hypoxic zone by 11% at a cost of 2% of Iowa's corn output. In comparison, riparian buffers are likely to be less costly and more popular politically. C1 USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Warziniack, T (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM twwarziniack@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1093-474X EI 1752-1688 J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 683 EP 695 DI 10.1111/jawr.12211 PG 13 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AN3CQ UT WOS:000340462900011 ER PT J AU Johnson, K Engle, C Wagner, B AF Johnson, Kamina Engle, Carole Wagner, Bruce TI Comparative Economics of US Catfish Production Strategies: Evidence from a Cross-sectional Survey SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIETARY-PROTEIN CONCENTRATION; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS PRODUCTION; CHANNEL CATFISH; HYBRID CATFISH; FEED; PROFITABILITY; COSTS; PONDS AB Understanding the effects of specific management strategies on yields and economic outcomes on commercial catfish farms could provide useful guidance to catfish farmers on the most profitable sets of production practices. Data from the U. S. Department of Agriculture-National Animal Health Monitoring System (USDA-NAHMS) 2009 survey of production practices on catfish farms in Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi were used to identify five clusters of catfish farms that use various stocking densities, channel versus hybrid catfish, different aeration levels, and utilize automated oxygen sensors. The lowest production costs ($1.96/kg) were found in cluster 1 and were followed in order of increasing costs per kilogram of clusters 2 and 4 ($2.16/kg) and cluster 5 ($2.73/kg); the highest cost corresponded to cluster 3 ($2.84/kg). The lowest risk levels corresponded to the clusters with the lowest production costs per kilogram of fish and the highest risk levels to the highest production costs. This analysis demonstrated that different types of management models can achieve similar levels of production costs ($/kg), and it appears that there is not one single economically optimum way to raise catfish. The key to least-cost production is to balance the use of inputs, their associated costs, and the yield produced to achieve economic efficiency within the farm's overall business and management model. C1 [Johnson, Kamina; Wagner, Bruce] USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Engle, Carole] Univ Arkansas, Dept Fisheries & Aquaculture, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. RP Johnson, K (reprint author), USDA Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Vet Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg B,MS 2E7, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 EI 1749-7345 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 45 IS 3 BP 279 EP 289 DI 10.1111/jwas.12117 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AN4QB UT WOS:000340571600004 ER PT J AU Renukdas, N Engle, C Lochmann, R Li, MH Avery, J Tucker, CS Bosworth, B AF Renukdas, Nilima Engle, Carole Lochmann, Rebecca Li, Menghe H. Avery, Jimmy Tucker, Craig S. Bosworth, Brian TI Performance of Alternative Diets Containing Solvent-Extracted Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles Compared to Traditional Diets for Pond-Raised Channel Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, and Hybrid Catfish, Ictalurus punctatus x Ictalurus furcatus SO JOURNAL OF THE WORLD AQUACULTURE SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CORN GLUTEN FEED; SOYBEAN-MEAL; COTTONSEED MEAL; OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; BODY-COMPOSITION; GROWTH-RESPONSE; NILE TILAPIA; PROTEIN; RESISTANCE; REPLACEMENT AB Two concurrent pond studies were initiated in April 2011 to evaluate feeds containing solvent-extracted distillers dried grains with solubles (SE-DDGS) in both 28 and 32% protein catfish feeds. Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were stocked in multiple-batch production ponds at the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (UAPB) and hybrid catfish, female Ictalurus punctatus x male Ictalurus furcatus, in single-batch production ponds at the National Warmwater Aquaculture Center (NWAC), Mississippi State University, Stoneville, Mississippi, USA. The experimental design was a 2 x 2 factorial with two protein levels (32 and 28% protein), with and without 20% SE-DDGS. Fish were fed once daily to apparent satiation, and managed similarly to a commercial farm for 186 d at UAPB and 172 d at NWAC. For channel catfish, two-way ANOVA showed significant effects of both protein level (28% being better than 32%) and protein source (20% SE-DDGS diets being better than traditional diets) on yield, survival, total diet fed, and feed conversion ratio (FCR), due primarily to effects on the understocked fingerlings. Partial budget analysis suggested that the 28% protein diet with the 20% SE-DDGS was preferred economically for the prevailing feed costs. For hybrid catfish, two-way ANOVA did not show significant differences in total diet fed, yield, survival, and processing yields, but use of SE-DDGS resulted in a lower FCR. Results showed that both channel and hybrid catfish can utilize 20% SE-DDGS in the diet without adversely affecting production or processing characteristics. C1 [Renukdas, Nilima; Engle, Carole; Lochmann, Rebecca] Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture Fisheries Ctr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. [Li, Menghe H.; Avery, Jimmy] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Tucker, Craig S.; Bosworth, Brian] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Engle, C (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture Fisheries Ctr, 1200 N Univ Dr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (SCA) [58-6225-0-046]; Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station through USDA NIFA [MIS-391340] FX The authors thank the USDA-Agricultural Research Service (SCA No. 58-6225-0-046) for funding of the UAPB study, and the UAPB Aquaculture Research Station crew for assistance. Yushun Chen, Jeonghwan Park, and Ganesh Kumar provided helpful suggestions and comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. The NWAC study was supported under Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station Project MIS-391340 through a grant from USDA NIFA. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0893-8849 EI 1749-7345 J9 J WORLD AQUACULT SOC JI J. World Aquacult. Soc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 45 IS 3 BP 290 EP 300 DI 10.1111/jwas.12123 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA AN4QB UT WOS:000340571600005 ER PT J AU Qu, MN Bunce, JA Shi, ZS AF Qu, M. N. Bunce, J. A. Shi, Z. S. TI Does elevated CO2 protect photosynthesis from damage by high temperature via modifying leaf water status in maize seedlings? SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article DE heat stress, leaf water potential; net photosynthesis; stomatal conductance; vapor pressure deficit ID VAPOR-PRESSURE DIFFERENCE; ACUTE HEAT-STRESS; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TOLERANCE; GROWTH; RESPONSES; FIELD; C-3; ACCLIMATION AB We hypothesized that decreased stomatal conductance (g(s)) at elevated CO2 might decrease transpiration (E), increase leaf water potential (Psi(W)), and thereby protect net photosynthesis rate (P-N) from heat damage in maize (Zea mays L) seedlings. To separate long-term effects of elevated CO2, plants grew at either ambient CO2 or elevated CO2. During high-temperature treatment (HT) at 45 degrees C for 15 min, leaves were exposed either to ambient CO2 (380 mu mol mol(-1)) or to elevated CO2 (560 mu mol mol(-1)). HT reduced PN by 25 to 38% across four CO2 combinations. However, the g(s) and E did not differ among all CO2 treatments during HT. After returning the leaf temperature to 35 degrees C within 30 min, g(s) and E were the same or higher than the initial values. Leaf water potential (Psi(W)) was slightly lower at ambient CO2, but not at elevated CO2. This study highlighted that elevated CO2 failed in protecting P-N from 45 degrees C via decreasing g(s) and Psi(W). C1 [Qu, M. N.; Shi, Z. S.] Shenyang Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Shenyang 110161, Peoples R China. [Qu, M. N.; Bunce, J. A.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Qu, MN (reprint author), Shenyang Agr Univ, Dept Agron, Shenyang 110161, Peoples R China. EM mingnanqu@gmail.com NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 27 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-3604 EI 1573-9058 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PD JUN PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 211 EP 216 DI 10.1007/s11099-014-0022-0 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN5HY UT WOS:000340622600006 ER PT J AU Singh, SK Reddy, KR Reddy, VR Gao, W AF Singh, S. K. Reddy, K. R. Reddy, V. R. Gao, W. TI Maize growth and developmental responses to temperature and ultraviolet-B radiation interaction SO PHOTOSYNTHETICA LA English DT Article DE photosynthesis; phenolic compounds, stem elongation, waxes ID UNGUICULATA L. WALP.; DRY-MATTER ACCUMULATION; UV-B; CARBON-DIOXIDE; HYPERSPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION; FIELD CONDITIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; YIELD AB Plant response to the combination of two or more abiotic stresses is different than its response to the same stresses singly. The response of maize (Zea mays L.) photosynthesis, growth, and development processes were examined under sunlit plant growth chambers at three levels of each day/night temperatures (24/16 degrees C, 30/22 degrees C, and 36/28 degrees C) and UV-B radiation levels (0, 5, and 10 kJ m(-2) d(-1)) and their interaction from 4 d after emergence to 43 d. An increase in plant height, leaf area, node number, and dry mass was observed as temperature increased. However, UV-B radiation negatively affected these processes by reducing the rates of stem elongation, leaf area expansion, and biomass accumulation. UV-B radiation affected leaf photosynthesis mostly at early stage of growth and tended to be temperature-dependent. For instance, UV-B radiation caused 3-15% decrease of photosynthetic rate (P-N) on the uppermost, fully expanded leaves at 24/16 degrees C and 36/28 degrees C, but stimulated P-N about 5-18% at 30/22 degrees C temperature. Moreover, the observed UV-B protection mechanisms, such as accumulation of phenolics and waxes, exhibited a significant interaction among the treatments where these compounds were relatively less responsive (phenolics) or more responsive (waxes) to UV-B radiation at higher temperature treatments or vice versa. Plants exposed to UV-B radiation produced more leaf waxes except at 24/16 degrees C treatment. The detrimental effect of UV-B radiation was greater on plant growth compared to the photosynthetic processes. Results suggest that maize growth and development, especially stem elongation, is highly sensitive to current and projected UV-B radiation levels, and temperature plays an important role in the magnitude and direction of the UV-B mediated responses. C1 [Reddy, K. R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Singh, S. K.; Reddy, V. R.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gao, W.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, USDA UV B Monitoring Network, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Reddy, VR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM krreddy@pss.msstate.edu RI Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016; OI Reddy, Kambham Raja/0000-0002-7906-7755 FU USDA-UV-B Monitoring Program at Colorado State University, CO FX This research was funded in part by the USDA-UV-B Monitoring Program at Colorado State University, CO. We also thank Mr. David Brand for technical support. This article is a contribution from the Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, paper no. J-12101. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0300-3604 EI 1573-9058 J9 PHOTOSYNTHETICA JI Photosynthetica PD JUN PY 2014 VL 52 IS 2 BP 262 EP 271 DI 10.1007/s11099-014-0029-6 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN5HY UT WOS:000340622600012 ER PT J AU Anderson, BT McNamara, JP Marshall, HP Flores, AN AF Anderson, Brian T. McNamara, James P. Marshall, Hans-Peter Flores, Alejandro N. TI Insights into the physical processes controlling correlations between snow distribution and terrain properties SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; MOUNTAIN CATCHMENT; WATER EQUIVALENT; ALPINE CATCHMENT; ACCUMULATION; FOREST; SCALE; DEPTH; MODEL; PATTERNS AB This study investigates causes behind correlations between snow and terrain properties in a 27 km(2) mountain watershed. Whereas terrain correlations reveal where snow resides, the physical processes responsible for correlations can be ambiguous. We conducted biweekly snow surveys at small transect scales to provide insight into late-season correlations at the basin scale. The evolving parameters of transect variograms reveal the interplay between differential accumulation and differential ablation that is responsible for correlations between snow and terrain properties including elevation, aspect, and canopy density. Elevation-induced differential accumulation imposes a persistent source of varariabity at the basin scale, but is not sufficient to explain the elevational distribution of snow water equivalent (SWE) on the ground. Differential ablation, with earlier and more frequent ablation at lower elevations, steepens the SWE-elevation gradient through the season. Correlations with aspect are primarily controlled by differences in solar loading. Aspect related redistribution of precipitation by wind, however, is important early in the season. Forested sites hold more snow than nonforested sites at the basin scale due to differences in ablation processes, while open areas within forested sites hold more snow than covered areas due to interception. However, as the season progresses energetic differences between open and covered areas within forested sites cause differences induced by interception to diminish. Results of this study can help determine which accumulation and ablation processes must be represented explicitly and which can be parameterized in models of snow dynamics. C1 [Anderson, Brian T.] US Forest Serv, Dept Agr, Idaho City, ID USA. [McNamara, James P.; Marshall, Hans-Peter; Flores, Alejandro N.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. RP McNamara, JP (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA. EM jmcnamar@boisestate.edu RI McNamara, James/F-1993-2011 FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0854522, EAR-0943710]; National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration [NA08NWS4620047]; NASA [NNX10AN30A, NNX10AO02G] FX This research was supported in part by grants from the National Science Foundation (CBET-0854522, EAR-0943710), the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration (NA08NWS4620047), and NASA (NNX10AN30A, NNX10AO02G). All data are freely available by contacting the corresponding author by email. NR 42 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 47 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 6 BP 4545 EP 4563 DI 10.1002/2013WR013714 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AN2QM UT WOS:000340430400001 ER PT J AU Harrison, NA Davis, RE Oropeza, C Helmick, EE Narvaez, M Eden-Green, S Dollet, M Dickinson, M AF Harrison, Nigel A. Davis, Robert E. Oropeza, Carlos Helmick, Ericka E. Narvaez, Maria Eden-Green, Simon Dollet, Michel Dickinson, Matthew TI 'Candidatus Phytoplasnna palmicola', associated with a lethal yellowing-type disease of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in Mozambique SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; MYCOPLASMA-LIKE ORGANISMS; WITCHES-BROOM-DISEASE; SEQUENCE-VARIABLE MOSAICS; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; PAUL-WILT-DISEASE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RFLP ANALYSIS; EAST-AFRICA; PCR PRIMERS AB In this study, the taxonomic position and group classification of the phytoplasma associated with a lethal yellowing-type disease (LYD) of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in Mozambique were addressed. Pairwise similarity values based on alignment of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences (1530 bp) revealed that the Mozambique coconut phytoplasma (LYDM) shared 100% identity with a comparable sequence derived from a phytoplasma strain (LDN) responsible for Awka wilt disease of coconut in Nigeria, and shared 99.0-99.6 % identity with 16S rRNA gene sequences from strains associated with Cape St Paul wilt (CSPW) disease of coconut in Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire. Similarity scores further determined that the 16S rRNA gene of the LYDM phytoplasma shared <97.5 % sequence identity with all previously described members of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma'. The presence of unique regions in the 16S rRNA gene sequence distinguished the LYDM phytoplasma from all currently described members of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma', justifying its recognition as the reference strain of a novel taxon, 'Candidatus Phytoplasma palmicola'. Virtual RFLP profiles of the F2n/R2 portion (1251 bp) of the 16S rRNA gene and pattern similarity coefficients delineated coconut LYDM phytoplasma strains from Mozambique as novel members of established group 16SrXXII, subgroup A (16SrXXII-A). Similarity coefficients of 0.97 were obtained for comparisons between subgroup 16SrXXII-A strains and CSPW phytoplasmas from Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire. On this basis, the CSPW phytoplasma strains were designated members of a novel subgroup, 16SrXXII-B. C1 [Harrison, Nigel A.; Helmick, Ericka E.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Davis, Robert E.] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Oropeza, Carlos; Narvaez, Maria] CICY, Merida 97200, Yucatan, Mexico. [Eden-Green, Simon] EG Consulting, Larkfield, Kent, England. [Dollet, Michel] CIRAD, Etiol Deperissement, UPR 29, F-34398 Montpellier 5, France. [Dickinson, Matthew] Univ Nottingham, Sch Biosci, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England. RP Harrison, NA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. EM naha@ufl.edu NR 85 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 20 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 64 BP 1890 EP 1899 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.060053-0 PN 6 PG 10 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AM7BH UT WOS:000340019200009 PM 24585372 ER PT J AU Dickey, AM Trease, AJ Jara-Cavieres, A Kumar, V Christenson, MK Potluri, LP Morgan, JK Shatters, RG McKenzie, CL Davis, PH Osborne, LS AF Dickey, Aaron M. Trease, Andrew J. Jara-Cavieres, Antonella Kumar, Vivek Christenson, Matthew K. Potluri, Lakshmi-Prasad Morgan, J. Kent Shatters, Robert G., Jr. McKenzie, Cindy L. Davis, Paul H. Osborne, Lance S. TI ESTIMATING BACTERIAL DIVERSITY IN SCIRTOTHRIPS DORSALIS (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPIDAE) VIA NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Next Generation Sequencing; Metagenomics; chilli thrips ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS; GUT BACTERIA; TOBACCO THRIPS; SPOT VIRUS; SYMBIONTS; TRANSMISSION; IDENTIFICATION; ASSOCIATION; ARTHROPODS AB The last 2 decades have produced a better understanding of insect-microbial associations and yielded some important opportunities for insect control. However, most of our knowledge comes from model systems. Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) have been understudied despite their global importance as invasive species, plant pests and disease vectors. Using a culture and primer independent next-generation sequencing and metagenomics pipeline, we surveyed the bacteria of the globally important pest, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood. The most abundant bacterial phyla identified were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and the most abundant genera were Propionibacterium, Stenotrophomonas, and Pseudomonas. A total of 189 genera of bacteria were identified. The absence of any vertically transferred symbiont taxa commonly found in insects is consistent with other studies suggesting that thrips primarilly acquire resident microbes from their environment. This does not preclude a possible beneficial/intimate association between S. dorsalis and the dominant taxa identified and future work should determine the nature of these associations. C1 [Dickey, Aaron M.; Kumar, Vivek; Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Trease, Andrew J.; Christenson, Matthew K.; Potluri, Lakshmi-Prasad; Davis, Paul H.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Jara-Cavieres, Antonella] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Morgan, J. Kent; Shatters, Robert G., Jr.; McKenzie, Cindy L.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Dickey, AM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, 2725 Binion Rd, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. EM aaron.dickey@ars.usda.gov RI Potluri, Lakshmi-Prasad/D-3318-2013; Kumar, Vivek/E-5777-2016 OI Potluri, Lakshmi-Prasad/0000-0001-5260-6678; Kumar, Vivek/0000-0003-1988-2536 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR016469] NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 10 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 362 EP + PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600004 PM 25382863 ER PT J AU Kumar, V Wekesa, VW Avery, PB Powell, CA McKenzie, CL Osborne, LS AF Kumar, Vivek Wekesa, Vitalis W. Avery, Pasco B. Powell, Charles A. McKenzie, Cindy L. Osborne, Lance S. TI EFFECT OF POLLENS OF VARIOUS ORNAMENTAL PEPPER CULTIVARS ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND REPRODUCTION OF AMBLYSEIUS SWIRSKII (ACARI: PHYTOSEIIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE chilli thrips; banker plants; phytoseiid mites; biological control ID DORSALIS THYSANOPTERA THRIPIDAE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; PREDATORY MITE; LIFE-HISTORY; NEOSEIULUS-CUCUMERIS; CHILLI THRIPS; BANKER PLANT; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS; IPHISEIUS-DEGENERANS AB The rationale behind the current study was to assess if the commercially available generalist phytoseiid mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae), can survive and reproduce when fed on pollen from ornamental pepper (Capiscum annum L.; Solanales: Solanaceae). Results from this study will help in the selection of ornamental pepper cultivars as candidate banker plants for establishment of A. swirskii in ornamental nurseries. To determine the effect of different types of pepper pollen on survival and multiplication ability of mites; their longevity, daily rate of oviposition and total egg deposition was assessed. Amblyseius swirskii was reared on pollen collected from 4 ornamental pepper cultivars namely 'Red Missile', 'Masquerade', 'Black Pearl' and 'Explosive Ember'. Amblyseius swirskii was able to survive, develop and oviposit when fed with pollens of all the 4 ornamental pepper cultivars and the 2 standard controls i.e., commercially available olive pollen Olea europaea L. (Lamiales: Oleaceae) and Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). No significant differences were observed among the various diet treatments for the following biological parameters: mean duration from larvae to adult death (22.8-23.7 days), duration from larvae to eggs (11.8-12.5 days) and adult longevity (12.4-13.1 days). However, for mites fed on pollen the highest daily rate of oviposition (similar to 1.07 eggs/female/day) and total oviposition (similar to 10.23 eggs/female) was recorded on the 'Red Missile'. Outcome of this study can boost the management strategies being used against S. dorsalis and other pest species affecting ornamental plants in Florida. C1 [Kumar, Vivek; Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. [Wekesa, Vitalis W.] Tech Univ Kenya, Dept Biol Sci & Technol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Avery, Pasco B.; Powell, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [McKenzie, Cindy L.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Kumar, V (reprint author), Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Educ Ctr, 2725 Binion Rd, Apopka, FL 32703 USA. EM vivekiari@ufl.edu RI Kumar, Vivek/E-5777-2016 OI Kumar, Vivek/0000-0003-1988-2536 FU EPA; USDA/T-STAR; USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative; IFAS/UF Line Item grants program FX The authors would like to thank Phyllis Hebert at the Indian River Research and Education Center for her assistance, Katherine Houben at Mid-Florida Research and Education Center in Apopka, Florida for her technical assistance in the rearing of A. swirskii; John Prokop and Lynn Faulkner for their technical assistance in the greenhouse at the USDA, ARS, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory (USHRL), Ft. Pierce, Florida. Funding for this study was supported by grants from the EPA, USDA/T-STAR, the USDA-ARS Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative, and IFAS/UF Line Item grants program. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 367 EP 373 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600005 ER PT J AU Lee, DH Short, BD Nielsen, AL Leskey, TC AF Lee, Doo-Hyung Short, Brent D. Nielsen, Anne L. Leskey, Tracy C. TI IMPACT OF ORGANIC INSECTICIDES ON THE SURVIVORSHIP AND MOBILITY OF HALYOMORPHA HALYS (ST angstrom L) (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) IN THE LABORATORY SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE brown marmorated stink bug; invasive species; lethality; mobility; pesticide ID HETEROPTERA; SPINOSAD; PEST; TEPHRITIDAE; MANAGEMENT; TOXICITY; EFFICACY; BEHAVIOR; DIPTERA; BEETLE AB The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) has become a major concern for specialty and row crop growers in the United States. Management tactics against this new pest are currently limited to repeated synthetic insecticide applications, thereby making this problem even more challenging for the organic grower community. This study evaluated the insecticidal efficacy of organically-approved insecticides (azadirachtin, potassium salts of fatty acids, spinosad, pyrethrins, and pyrethrins + kaolin) and experimental biopesticides (Chromobacterium subtsugae Martin et al. strain PRAA4-1(T) [MBI-203], extract of Eucalyptus sp. [MBI-205], and Burkholderia sp. [MBI-206]). These materials were presented as 18-h old dried residues against adult H. halys in the laboratory. Nonlethal effect on horizontal walking mobility of H. halys was evaluated during a 4.5-h insecticide exposure period; vertical walking mobility was measured at 4.5 h and 7 d after the insecticide exposure. All treatments, except for azadirachtin, resulted in significantly higher mortality of H. halys over 7 d, compared with the untreated control. Pyrethrins + kaolin, MBI-203, and MBI-206 resulted in >= 80% of individuals moribund or dead after 7 d. Horizontal walking distance of H. halys was significantly greater immediately and 3 h after exposure to pyrethrins and MBI-203, respectively, compared with the untreated control. After the 4.5-h exposure to potassium salts, pyrethrins, and pyrethrins + kaolin, surviving H. halys climbed significantly shorter distances while those exposed to MBI-203 climbed significantly greater distances compared with the untreated control, in the vertical mobility bioassay. After 7 d, there was no measurable difference, in the vertical walking distance by surviving individuals, between any of the tested materials and the untreated control. The results of the study are discussed within the context of developing effective management strategies for H. halys in organic production systems. C1 [Lee, Doo-Hyung; Short, Brent D.; Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Nielsen, Anne L.] Rutgers State Univ, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA. RP Lee, DH (reprint author), Gachon Univ Seongnam Si, Dept Life Sci, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM dl343@gachon.ack.dk FU USDA-NIFA SCRI [2011-5118130937] FX We thank Cameron Scorza, John Cullum and Torri Hancock for excellent technical support. This work was supported in part by USDA-NIFA SCRI 2011-5118130937 award. Mention of insecticide active ingredients in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 41 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 414 EP 421 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600011 ER PT J AU Yee, WL AF Yee, Wee L. TI COMPARISON OF THE BROWN SUGAR, HOT WATER, AND SALT METHODS FOR DETECTING WESTERN CHERRY FRUIT FLY (DIPTERA: TEPHRITIDAE) LARVAE IN SWEET CHERRY SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE western cherry fruit fly; brown sugar flotation; salt flotation; larval instars ID LEPTOCONOPS-KERTESZI; FLOTATION; EFFICIENCY; CERATOPOGONIDAE; SAMPLES AB Brown sugar and hot water methods have been developed to detect larvae of tephritid fruit flies post-harvest in fruit in order to maintain quarantine security. It would be useful to determine if modifications of these methods can yield better results and if less expensive alternatives exist. This study reports detection rates of Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae separated from crushed sweet cherries (Prunus avium [L.] L.) by brown sugar flotation versus hot water and sodium chloride (salt) flotation methods. Cherries were crushed and shredded by a standard cherry crusher and submerged either in brown sugar solution, hot water, or salt solution. In sugar and salt solutions, extracted larvae floated, whereas in hot water they sank; and in all 3 visual inspections for larvae were made. The brown sugar flotation method detected more total larvae than the hot water method when using a clear dish or black pan after cherries were shredded through a 2-mm gap in a cherry crusher, resulting in 95, 85, and 85% detections, respectively. Brown sugar and salt flotation methods resulted in similar detection rates of 85-99% after cherries were shredded through either a 2- or 5-mm gap, even though the 2-mm gap resulted in greater shredding. In brown sugar, hot water, and salt solutions, 26-88% of first instars (when there were at least 8 individuals) were detected versus 77-100% of second and third instars. Results demonstrate that salt and brown sugar solutions are equally efficacious for detecting larvae of R. indifferens separated from crushed cherries. Salt solution is advantageous over brown sugar solution because it is less expensive. Should salt solution be used for detecting larval spotted wing drosophila (Drosophila suzukii [Matsumura]) in cherries, current results show that it would not compromise detection of R. indifferens. C1 ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Yee, WL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM wee.yee@ars.usda.gov FU Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops grant from the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service FX I thank Janine Jewett, Peter Chapman, Dana Jones, Meralee Nash, and Robert Goughnour (USDA-ARS) for invaluable assistance and Victoria Yokoyama (USDA, Parlier, California), Roger Vargas (USDA-ARS, Hilo, Hawaii), and Tracy Hueppelsheuser (British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture) for reviewing earlier drafts of the manuscript. This research was supported by a Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops grant from the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 422 EP 430 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600012 ER PT J AU Dosunmu, OG Herrick, NJ Haseeb, M Hix, RL Mankin, RW AF Dosunmu, Omotola Gbemisola Herrick, Nathan J. Haseeb, Muhammad Hix, Raymond L. Mankin, Richard W. TI ACOUSTIC DETECTABILITY OF RHYNCHOPHORUS CRUENTATUS (COLEOPTERA: DRYOPHTHORIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE palmetto weevil; cryptic stem borer; Sabal palm; monitoring ID RED PALM WEEVIL; SITOPHILUS-ORYZAE; CURCULIONIDAE; FERRUGINEUS; PATTERNS; LARVAE; TREES AB The palmetto weevil, Rhynchophorus cruentatus (Fabricius), is a pest of cultivated palms in Florida. The larvae of this species and 2 other important Rhynchophorus pests, R. ferrugineus (Olivier) and R. palmarum (L.), feed internally and cause structural damage to palm fronds, trunks, and offshoots. Often, infestations are not detected until the tree suffers irreparable damage. Acoustic methods used previously to detect R. ferrugineus in field environments were applied to investigate detectability of early instar R. cruentatus larvae. Sounds from neonates inoculated into palm fronds were recorded for 120 s periods at 7-day intervals for 56 days in urban (exposed) and acoustically shielded (enclosed) conditions that might be encountered when screening offshoots for sale or transportation. The sounds were classified by automated spectral analyses into multiple categories, including vehicle noise, bird calls, and broadband, 0.3-3-ms larval sound impulses. Because spectral characteristics alone are not always reliable identifiers of larval signals in wood, the analyses also identified trains of 6 or more closely grouped larval impulses called bursts to help classify fronds as infested or uninfested. Larval bursts were produced at sufficient rates to classify inoculated fronds correctly each day of testing, although molting and resting behaviors resulted in the absence of bursts in 6-50% of individual, 2-min recordings. The rates of larval bursts were not significantly different in paired comparisons of recordings obtained from the same frond on the same day under urban and shielded conditions, which suggests that bursts are useful as indicators of Rhynchophorus infestations in a variety of conditions. C1 [Dosunmu, Omotola Gbemisola; Herrick, Nathan J.; Haseeb, Muhammad; Hix, Raymond L.] Florida A&M Univ, Ctr Biol Control, Tallahassee, FL 32307 USA. [Mankin, Richard W.] USDA ARS CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA. RP Mankin, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS CMAVE, 1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32607 USA. EM Richard.Mankin@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, APHIS FX We greatly appreciate the assistance of Alex Bolques (Gadsden County Cooperative Extension), Ronald Rice (Palm Beach County Cooperative Extension) and Leslie Baucum (Hendry County Cooperative Extension) for providing and harvesting sugarcane. We thank Moses Kairo for assistance in the early part of this study. The senior author acknowledges funding from the USDA, APHIS Farm Bill 2008 for this study. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the USDA of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 431 EP 438 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600013 ER PT J AU Schmid, RB Lehman, RM Brozel, VS Lundgren, JG AF Schmid, Ryan B. Lehman, R. Michael Broezel, Volker S. Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI AN INDIGENOUS GUT BACTERIUM, ENTEROCOCCUS FAECALIS (LACTOBACILLALES: ENTEROCOCCACEAE), INCREASES SEED CONSUMPTION BY HARPALUS PENSYLVANICUS (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE bacteria; Carabidae; Chenopodium album; granivore; seed predation; symbiont ID GROUND BEETLES COLEOPTERA; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; CELLULOSE DIGESTION; POECILUS-CHALCITES; TSETSE-FLY; COMMUNITIES; PREDATORS; GENES; FOOD AB Microbial symbioses likely drive the evolution of diet within animals, yet these symbiotic relationships remain poorly understood for many organisms. The bacterial endosymbiont Enterococcus faecalis is found in the intestinal tract of the beetle Harpalus pensylvanicus (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Carabidae) and is thought to contribute to the digestion of the insect's seed diet. We tested whether E. faecalis increases seed consumption by H. pensylvanicus. The feeding assay consisted of 4 dietary treatments fed: 1) antibiotics and E. faecalis; 2) antibiotics and no E. faecalis; 3) no antibiotics and E. faecalis; and 4) no antibiotics and no E. faecalis, in which seed consumption of the beetles was measured. Beetles administered antibiotics and then E. faecalis consumed greater weights of seeds and had both decreased efficiency of conversion of ingested material to biomass (E. C. I.) per beetle and decreased efficiency of conversion of digested material (E. C. D.) to biomass per beetle. These data provide further evidence that a gut microbiota dominated by E. faecalis facilitate seed consumption by H. pensylvanicus, possibly by contributing digestive enzymes to their host. Further research is needed on the evolutionary relationship between E. faecalis and granivorous insects, and on how these facultative symbioses could influence the trophic placement of animals within complex food webs. C1 [Schmid, Ryan B.; Broezel, Volker S.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Schmid, Ryan B.; Lehman, R. Michael; Lundgren, Jonathan G.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM jgl.entomology@gmail.com OI Lehman, Michael/0000-0002-3391-3178 NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 20 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 575 EP 584 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600032 ER PT J AU Tipping, PW Sosa, A Pokorny, EN Foley, J Schmitz, DC Lane, JS Rodgers, L Mccloud, L Livingston-Way, P Cole, MS Nichols, G AF Tipping, Philip W. Sosa, Alejandro Pokorny, Eileen N. Foley, Jeremiah Schmitz, Don C. Lane, Jon S. Rodgers, Leroy Mccloud, Lori Livingston-Way, Pam Cole, Matthew S. Nichols, Gary TI RELEASE AND ESTABLISHMENT OF MEGAMELUS SCUTELLARIS (HEMIPTERA: DELPHACIDAE) ON WATERHYACINTH IN FLORIDA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Megamelus scutellaris; Eichhornia crassipes; establishment AB More than 73,000 Megamelus scutellaris (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) were released in Florida over a 2 to 3 yr period at 10 sites in an attempt to establish sustainable populations on waterhyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes Mart. Solms (Commelinales: Pontederiaceae). Insect populations persisted at most sites including those furthest north and consecutive overwintering was confirmed in as many as three times at some sites. Establishment appeared to be promoted at sites with some cover or shading compared to open areas. Insects readily dispersed over short distances which made detection and monitoring difficult. C1 [Tipping, Philip W.; Pokorny, Eileen N.; Foley, Jeremiah] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Sosa, Alejandro] FUEDEI Simon Bolivar 1559, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Schmitz, Don C.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Lane, Jon S.] US Army Corps Engineers, Jacksonville, FL 32207 USA. [Rodgers, Leroy] South Florida Water Management Dist, W Palm Beach, FL 33406 USA. [Mccloud, Lori; Livingston-Way, Pam; Cole, Matthew S.; Nichols, Gary] St Johns River Water Management Dist, Palatka, FL 32178 USA. RP Tipping, PW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. EM philip.tipping@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 804 EP 806 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600064 ER PT J AU Smith, MC Lake, EC Pratt, PD Boughton, AJ Pemberton, RW AF Smith, Melissa C. Lake, Ellen C. Pratt, Paul D. Boughton, Anthony J. Pemberton, Robert W. TI CURRENT STATUS OF THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT NEOMUSOTIMA CONSPURCATALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: CRAMBIDAE), ON LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (POLYPODIALES: LYGODIACEAE) IN FLORIDA SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Lygodium microphyllum; Neomusotima conspurcatalis; Jonathan Dickinson State Park; establishment ID WORLD CLIMBING FERN; INVASIVE WEED; ESTABLISHMENT; MOTH AB The brown Lygodium defoliating moth, Neomusotima conspurcatalis Warren (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), was released beginning in 2008 to control Old World climbing fern, Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br (Polypodiales: Lygodiaceae). The moth readily established in Jonathan Dickinson State Park, but at other sites populations remained at low densities or were locally extirpated. In 2012 and 2013, we recovered N. conspurcatalis populations at all original release sites except Everglades National Park and those treated with herbicide. The original releases of 4,000 or more individuals per site were entirely successful, pointing to a strategy that focuses on numbers at this target level or beyond for future releases in Florida. C1 [Smith, Melissa C.; Lake, Ellen C.; Pratt, Paul D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Boughton, Anthony J.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Pemberton, Robert W.] Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL USA. [Pemberton, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Smith, MC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Melissa.smith@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 13 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 817 EP 820 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600068 ER PT J AU Lake, EC Smith, MC Pratt, PD Boughton, AJ Pemberton, RW AF Lake, Ellen C. Smith, Melissa C. Pratt, Paul D. Boughton, Anthony J. Pemberton, Robert W. TI DISPERSAL AND ESTABLISHMENT OF NEW POPULATIONS OF THE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENT FLORACARUS PERREPAE (ACARIFORMES: ERIOPHYIDAE) ON OLD WORLD CLIMBING FERN, LYGODIUM MICROPHYLLUM (POLYPODIALES: LYGODIACEAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE eriophyid mite; gall; weed biological control; wind dispersal ID FLORIDA; KNIHINICKI; WEED AB The mite Floracarus perrepae Knihinicki & Boczek (Acariformes: Eriophyidae), a biological control agent of Lygodium microphyllum (Cav.) R. Br (Polypodiales: Lygodiaceae), Old World climbing fern, was released in south Florida from 2008 to 2010 but did not readily establish in the field. The original release sites were resurveyed in 2013 and the mite has established within Jonathan Dickinson State Park and has dispersed to L. microphyllum patches outside the park at a rate of 3.5 +/- 0.6 km/yr. The mite has also dispersed to the Cape Sable region of Everglades National Park. C1 [Lake, Ellen C.; Smith, Melissa C.; Pratt, Paul D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Boughton, Anthony J.] Univ Florida, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. [Pemberton, Robert W.] Florida Museum Nat Hist, Gainesville, FL USA. [Pemberton, Robert W.] ARS, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Lake, EC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Ellen.Lake@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 827 EP 829 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600071 ER PT J AU Johnson, CW Cameron, RS Hanula, JL Bates, C AF Johnson, C. W. Cameron, R. S. Hanula, J. L. Bates, C. TI THE ATTRACTIVENESS OF MANUKA OIL AND ETHANOL, ALONE AND IN COMBINATION, TO XYLEBORUS GLABRATUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE: SCOLYTINAE) AND OTHER CURCULIONIDAE SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE attractant; detection; invasive species; laurel wilt; Lindgren funnel trap; survey ID REDBAY AMBROSIA BEETLE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; LAUREL WILT; BARK; ASSOCIATIONS; ATTRACTANT; LAURACEAE; SYMBIONT; AVOCADO; LYCHEE AB The addition of a trap baited with manuka oil or longer lasting cubeb oil lures (Hanula et al. 2013) along with those baited with ethanol for surveys targeting detection of non-native, invasive Curculionidae could improve these surveys by also targeting the destructive redbay ambrosia beetle. C1 [Johnson, C. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Cameron, R. S.; Bates, C.] GA Forestry Commiss, Statesboro, GA 30461 USA. [Hanula, J. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Johnson, CW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 2500 Shreveport Hwy, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. EM woodjohnson@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 2 BP 861 EP 864 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AM2CX UT WOS:000339657600081 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Whitesell, LE Culp, WE Daye, S AF Dubey, Jitender P. Whitesell, Leah E. Culp, William E. Daye, Sharon TI DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF NEOSPORA CANINUM-ASSOCIATED DERMATITIS IN A RED FOX (VULPES VULPES) WITH CONCURRENT TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Dermatitis; fox; Neospora caninum; Toxoplasma gondii; treatment; Vulpes vulpes AB A 3-mo-old red fox (Vulpes vulpes) developed generalized crusty plaques on its body during rehabilitation after an automobile accident requiring amputation of one leg. Histologic examination of skin lesion biopsy revealed granulomatous dermatitits with many intralesional protozoal tachyzoites. The protozoa stained positively with antibodies to Neospora caninum but not to Toxoplasma gondii. Treatment with clindamycin hydrochloride (10 mg/kg, twice daily, s.c.) for 1 mo completely resolved lesions, and protozoa were not demonstrable in biopsy of skin after treatment. The fox had agglutinating antibodies to T. gondii (modified agglutination test, titer 1 : 3200) and N. caninum (Neospora agglutination test, titer 1 : 25), and viable T. gondii (genotype III) was isolated from the skin biopsy after treatment. This is the first report of clinical neosporosis in a wild canid. C1 [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Whitesell, Leah E.] Atlantic Anim Hlth Ctr, Galloway, NJ 08205 USA. [Culp, William E.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. [Daye, Sharon] Joint Pathol Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 BP 454 EP 457 DI 10.1638/2013-0277.1 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM2AF UT WOS:000339649800041 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Johnson, JE Hanson, MA Pierce, V AF Dubey, Jitender P. Johnson, James E. Hanson, Margaret A. Pierce, Virginia TI TOXOPLASMOSIS-ASSOCIATED ABORTION IN AN ALPACA (VICUGNA PACOS) FETUS SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Abortion; alpaca; diagnosis; serology; Toxoplasma gondii; Vicugna pacos ID NEOSPORA-CANINUM; LAMA-GLAMA; GONDII; DIAGNOSIS; PERU AB A near-full-term alpaca (Vicugna pacos) was stillborn 2 days before the expected date of delivery; necropsy examination was conducted within 6 hr of delivery. Gross lesions were enlarged liver and hydrocephalus. On histologic examination, mild inflammatory lesions were identified in the placenta, liver, and lungs, although no etiology was recognized. Within the brain, there was a mild nonsuppurative meningoencephalitis, hydrocephalus, and hydromyelia. Both kidneys had inflammatory foci in cortex and medulla associated with protozoal tissue cysts. Protozoa in brain and kidneys were identified as Toxoplasma gondii based on immunoreactivity to T. gondii polyclonal antibodies that stain both tachyzoites and tissue cysts and BAG1 T. gondii antibodies that are bradyzoite specific. The tissue cysts exhibited intense positivity to T. gondii and mild immunoreactivity to Neospora caninum antibodies. The dam had a high antibody titer (1 : 12,800) to T. gondii and low titer (1 : 100) to N. caninum using their respective agglutination tests. This is the first report of toxoplasmosis-associated abortion in alpaca. C1 [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Johnson, James E.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. [Hanson, Margaret A.] Joint Pathol Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Pierce, Virginia] Maryland Dept Agr, Frederick Anim Hlth Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI YULEE PA 581705 WHITE OAK ROAD, YULEE, FL 32097 USA SN 1042-7260 EI 1937-2825 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 45 IS 2 BP 461 EP 464 DI 10.1638/2014-0006R.1 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AM2AF UT WOS:000339649800043 PM 25000722 ER PT J AU Marias, DE Meinzer, FC Woodruff, DR Shaw, DC Voelker, SL Brooks, JR Lachenbruch, B Falk, K Mckay, J AF Marias, Danielle E. Meinzer, Frederick C. Woodruff, David R. Shaw, David C. Voelker, Steven L. Brooks, J. Renee Lachenbruch, Barbara Falk, Kristen McKay, Jennifer TI Impacts of dwarf mistletoe on the physiology of host Tsuga heterophylla trees as recorded in tree-ring C and O stable isotopes SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE effective path length; mesophyll conductance ID XYLEM-TAPPING MISTLETOE; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; SPRUCE PICEA-GLAUCA; LEAF WATER; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL; PARASITIC PLANTS; WESTERN HEMLOCK; GAS-EXCHANGE; DOUGLAS-FIR; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTANCE AB Dwarf mistletoes, obligate, parasitic plants with diminutive aerial shoots, have long-term effects on host tree water relations, hydraulic architecture and photosynthetic gas exchange and can eventually induce tree death. To investigate the long-term (1886-2010) impacts of dwarf mistletoe on the growth and gas exchange characteristics of host western hemlock, we compared the diameter growth and tree-ring cellulose stable carbon (C) and oxygen (O) isotope ratios (delta C-13(cell), delta O-18(cell)) of heavily infected and uninfected trees. The relative basal area growth of infected trees was significantly greater than that of uninfected trees in 1886-90, but declined more rapidly in infected than uninfected trees through time and became significantly lower in infected than uninfected trees in 2006-10. Infected trees had significantly lower delta C-13(cell) and delta O-18(cell) than uninfected trees. Differences in delta O-18(cell) between infected and uninfected trees were unexpected given that stomatal conductance and environmental variables that were expected to influence the delta O-18 values of leaf water were similar for both groups. However, estimates of mesophyll conductance (g(m)) were significantly lower and estimates of effective path length for water movement (L) were significantly higher in leaves of infected trees, consistent with their lower values of delta O-18(cell). This study reconstructs the long-term physiological responses of western hemlock to dwarf mistletoe infection. The long-term diameter growth and delta C-13(cell) trajectories suggested that infected trees were growing faster than uninfected trees prior to becoming infected and subsequently declined in growth and leaf-level photosynthetic capacity compared with uninfected trees as the dwarf mistletoe infection became severe. This study further points to limitations of the dual-isotope approach for identifying sources of variation in delta C-13(cell) and indicates that changes in leaf internal properties such as g(m) and L that affect delta O-18(cell) must be considered. C1 [Marias, Danielle E.; Shaw, David C.; Lachenbruch, Barbara; Falk, Kristen] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.; Woodruff, David R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Voelker, Steven L.] Southern Oregon Univ, Dept Biol, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPANHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [McKay, Jennifer] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Marias, DE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM danielle.marias@oregonstate.edu RI Voelker, Steven/O-2909-2014 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0743882] FX Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation under award number DEB-0743882. NR 73 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X EI 1758-4469 J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 6 BP 595 EP 607 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpu046 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AM3AI UT WOS:000339722900004 PM 24973917 ER PT J AU Zhang, CM Zhai, TL Sabo, R Clemons, C Dan, Y Turng, LS AF Zhang, Chunmei Zhai, Tianliang Sabo, Ronald Clemons, Craig Dan, Yi Turng, Lih-Sheng TI Reinforcing Natural Rubber with Cellulose Nanofibrils Extracted from Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft Pulp SO JOURNAL OF BIOBASED MATERIALS AND BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE Cellulose Nanofibrils; Natural Rubber; Nanocomposites; Mechanical Properties ID PHYSICOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; CHEMICAL-MODIFICATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; STARCH NANOCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES; NANOCOMPOSITES; WHISKERS; FILLER; BEHAVIOR; FIBER AB Reinforced natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites were prepared by solution mixing, casting, and evaporation of pre-vulcanized natural rubber latex and an aqueous suspension of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) extracted from bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that there were no micro-scaled aggregates observed in the nanocomposites. The addition of CNFs changed the mechanical behavior of the nanocomposites as observed in tensile tests. The tensile strength was significantly enhanced with CNFs, but the material became brittle at higher CNFs loading levels. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) proved the strong reinforcing tendency of CNFs in the NR matrix as the storage modulus of the nanocomposites increased with CNFs content across the entire temperature range. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that CNFs had a slightly negative impact on the thermal stability of NR nanocomposites. There was no change in the glass transition temperature of the rubber matrix with the addition of cellulose nanofibrils, which was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. C1 [Zhang, Chunmei; Zhai, Tianliang; Dan, Yi] Sichuan Univ, Polymer Res Inst, State Key Lab Polymer Mat Engn China, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Chunmei; Zhai, Tianliang; Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Inst Discovery, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Sabo, Ronald; Clemons, Craig] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Turng, Lih-Sheng] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Polymer Engn, Dept Mech Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Dan, Y (reprint author), Sichuan Univ, Polymer Res Inst, State Key Lab Polymer Mat Engn China, Chengdu 610065, Peoples R China. EM danyi@scu.edu.cn; turng@engr.wisc.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award [2011-67009-20056]; Wisconsin Institute for Discovery (WID); China Scholarship Council FX The financial support of the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award (No. 2011-67009-20056) is gratefully acknowledged in this research. The authors would also like to acknowledge the financial support of the Wisconsin Institute for Discovery (WID) and the China Scholarship Council. The authors also thank Rick Reiner of the Forest Products Laboratory for preparing the cellulose nanofibrils. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 41 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1556-6560 EI 1556-6579 J9 J BIOBASED MATER BIO JI J. Biobased Mater. Bioenergy PD JUN PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 317 EP 324 DI 10.1166/jbmb.2014.1441 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Biomaterials SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA AL8XD UT WOS:000339422200005 ER PT J AU Moore, CE Radcliffe, JD Liu, Y AF Moore, Carolyn E. Radcliffe, John D. Liu, Yan TI Vitamin D intakes of children differ by race/ethnicity, sex, age, and income in the United States, 2007 to 2010 SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Vitamin D; Children's health; Dietary supplements; Nutrition surveys; Poverty income ratio ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN D; HEALTH DISPARITIES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; NUTRIENT INTAKE; FOOD SOURCES; D DEFICIENCY; WHITE WOMEN; US CHILDREN; SUPPLEMENTS AB The 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used to estimate vitamin D intakes of children 1 to 18 years old in the United States by race/ethnicity, sex, age, and family using 24-hour dietary intake recalls and dietary supplement use questionnaires. We hypothesized that total, dietary, and supplemental vitamin D intakes of children would differ by race/ethnicity, sex, age, and income. Statistical analyses of weighted data were performed using Statistical Analysis Software (V 9.2) to estimate means +/- SE. Race and ethnic intake differences controlling for poverty income ratio (PIR), sex, and age were assessed by analysis of covariance. Total (dietary and supplement) vitamin D intake was greater in the high (7.9 +/- 0.3 mu g/d) vs the medium (6.5 +/- 0.3 mu g/d) income group, but not the low (7.2 +/- 0.2 mu g/d) PIR group. Total vitamin D intake of non-Hispanic (NH) white children (8.1 +/- 0.2 mu g/d) was greater than Hispanic (7.0 +/- 0.2 mu g/d) and NH black (5.9 +/- 0.2 mu g/d) children. Total vitamin D intake declined with age, and intake by boys was higher than girls. Only 17.4% of the children consumed supplements containing vitamin D. Overall, mean intake of vitamin D by all children in each age and ethnic group was lower than the estimated average requirement for vitamin D. Public health efforts should encourage consumption of foods high in vitamin D, expand the number of foods fortified, and target health messages to parents to increase use of vitamin D supplements by children. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Moore, Carolyn E.; Radcliffe, John D.] Texas Womans Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Liu, Yan] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Moore, CE (reprint author), Texas Womans Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM cmoore8@twu.edu FU Texas Woman's University Office of Research & Sponsored Programs FX This project was funded by a Chancellor's Research Fellowship grant from Texas Woman's University Office of Research & Sponsored Programs. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 6 BP 499 EP 506 DI 10.1016/j.nutres.2014.06.002 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AM1XF UT WOS:000339641900005 PM 25026917 ER PT J AU Siegel, RB Pyle, P Thorne, JH Holguin, AJ Howell, CA Stock, S Tingley, MW AF Siegel, Rodney B. Pyle, Peter Thorne, James H. Holguin, Andrew J. Howell, Christine A. Stock, Sarah Tingley, Morgan W. TI Vulnerability of birds to climate change in California's Sierra Nevada SO AVIAN CONSERVATION AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birds; climate change vulnerability; Sierra Nevada ID YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; CHANGE SCENARIOS; MIGRATORY BIRD; IMPACTS; MODELS; SHIFTS; USA; 20TH-CENTURY; DEFICIT AB In a rapidly changing climate, effective bird conservation requires not only reliable information about the current vulnerability of species of conservation concern, but also credible projections of their future vulnerability. Such projections may enable managers to preempt or reduce emerging climate-related threats through appropriate habitat management. We used NatureServe's Climate Change Vulnerability Index (CCVI) to predict vulnerability to climate change of 168 bird species that breed in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, USA. The CCVI assesses species-specific exposure and sensitivity to climate change within a defined geographic area, through the integration of (a) species' range maps, (b) information about species' natural history traits and ecological relationships, (c) historic and current climate data, and (d) spatially explicit climate change projections. We conducted the assessment under two different downscaled climate models with divergent projections about future precipitation through the middle of the 21st century. Assessments differed relatively little under the two climate models. Of five CCVI vulnerability ranking categories, only one species, White-tailed Ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura), received the most vulnerable rank, Extremely Vulnerable. No species received the second-highest vulnerability ranking, Highly Vulnerable. Sixteen species scored as Moderately Vulnerable using one or both climate models: Common Merganser (Mergus merganser), Osprey (Pandion haliaetus), Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus), Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis), Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus), Prairie Falcon (Falco mexicanus), Spotted Sandpiper (Actitis macularius), Great Gray Owl (Strix nebulosa), Black Swift (Cypseloides niger), Clark's Nutcracker (Nucifraga columbiana), American Dipper (Cinclus mexicanus), Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus), American Pipit (Anthus rubescens), Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch (Leucosticte tephrocotis), Pine Grosbeak (Pinicola enucleator), and Evening Grosbeak (Coccothraustes vespertinus). Species associated with alpine/subalpine habitats and aquatic habitats received significantly more vulnerable rankings than birds associated with other habitats. In contrast, species of foothill, sagebrush, and chaparral habitats ranked as less vulnerable than other species, and our results suggest these species may respond to climate change in the region with population increases or range expansions. C1 [Siegel, Rodney B.; Pyle, Peter; Tingley, Morgan W.] Inst Bird Populat, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA. [Thorne, James H.; Holguin, Andrew J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Howell, Christine A.] USDA Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Stock, Sarah] Yosemite Natl Pk, Yosemite Village, CA USA. [Tingley, Morgan W.] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Siegel, RB (reprint author), Inst Bird Populat, POB 1346, Point Reyes Stn, CA 94956 USA. EM rsiegel@birdpop.org FU California Landscape Conservation Cooperative; California Energy Commission, Public Interest Energy Research program [500-09-037] FX This research was funded by a grant from the California Landscape Conservation Cooperative and by grant 500-09-037 of the California Energy Commission, Public Interest Energy Research program. We thank Rebecca Fris and Debra Schlafmann for assistance with grant administration, Diana Craig for helping to develop the project goals, and Bruce Young for technical assistance using the CCVI. This study was completed by The Institute for Bird Populations' Sierra Nevada Bird Observatory and is Contribution No. 459 of The Institute for Bird Populations. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 20 U2 99 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1712-6568 J9 AVIAN CONSERV ECOL JI Avian Conserv. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 9 IS 1 DI 10.5751/ACE-00658-090107 PG 58 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Ornithology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AL1ZY UT WOS:000338926700007 ER PT J AU Giorgi, JA Lima, MS Vandenberg, NJ AF Giorgi, Jose Adriano Lima, Mauricio Silva Vandenberg, Natalia J. TI THE FIRST RECORD OF BRUMOIDES FOUDRASII (MULSANT) (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE: CHILOCORINI) FROM SOUTH AMERICA, WITH NOTES ON ITS BIOLOGY SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material ID PSEUDOCOCCIDAE C1 [Giorgi, Jose Adriano] Fed Univ Para, Fac Ciencias Biol, BR-68372040 Altamira, PA, Brazil. [Lima, Mauricio Silva] Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Agron, BR-52171900 Recife, PE, Brazil. [Vandenberg, Natalia J.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, ARS, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Giorgi, JA (reprint author), Fed Univ Para, Fac Ciencias Biol, Rua Jose Porfirio 2515, BR-68372040 Altamira, PA, Brazil. EM coccinellid@gmail.com; mauriciosilvadelima@gmail.com; Natalia.Vandenberg@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 68 IS 2 BP 336 EP 338 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AL2UY UT WOS:000338982200021 ER PT J AU Kachergis, E Derner, JD Cutts, BB Roche, LM Eviner, VT Lubell, MN Tate, KW AF Kachergis, Emily Derner, Justin D. Cutts, Bethany B. Roche, Leslie M. Eviner, Valerie T. Lubell, Mark N. Tate, Kenneth W. TI Increasing flexibility in rangeland management during drought SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE adaptive capacity; agricultural policy; climate variability; ecosystem services; fragmentation; livestock production; mixed-grass prairie; ranchers; resilience; sagebrush steppe; Wyoming; USA ID AUSTRALIAN RANGELANDS; LARGE HERBIVORES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; RISK; STRATEGIES; FRAGMENTATION; VULNERABILITY; PERCEPTIONS; ADAPTATION AB Extreme droughts like the recent 2011-2013 drought impacting the central and western United States present a challenge to sustaining livestock ranching operations and the ecosystem goods and services they produce. Wyoming ranchers manage half of this drought-prone state and are at the forefront of this challenge. We examined Wyoming ranchers' drought management strategies and how ranch characteristics affect drought management flexibility, a key component of resilience, through a mail survey. We find that many survey respondents manage drought in similar ways, by selling livestock and buying feed, highlighting the market risks associated with drought. Ranches that are larger, include yearling livestock, use shorter grazing periods, and/or incorporate alternative on-ranch activities (e. g., hunting) use more drought management practices and thus have greater flexibility. Larger ranches experience fewer drought impacts, highlighting advantages of a larger resource base. Our findings suggest three components of national drought policy that encourages flexibility and thus increases resilience of ranches to drought: (1) encouraging forage-sharing mechanisms; (2) promoting income diversification that is independent of climatic variability; and (3) facilitating a shift to diversified livestock production systems. These measures could increase sustainability of ranching livelihoods and provision of ecosystem services despite predicted increases in intensity and duration of future droughts. C1 [Kachergis, Emily; Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Cutts, Bethany B.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Roche, Leslie M.; Eviner, Valerie T.; Tate, Kenneth W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lubell, Mark N.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kachergis, E (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. EM emily.kachergis@gmail.com FU Western Sustainable Agriculture, Research, and Education program [SW10-073] FX We thank the Wyoming Stock Growers Association membership and staff who made this project possible. This manuscript benefited from thoughtful comments from two anonymous reviewers. The Rangeland Decision-Making Survey was funded by a grant from the Western Sustainable Agriculture, Research, and Education program (Project Number SW10-073). NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 35 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 AR 77 DI 10.1890/ES13-00402.1 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AL1ZH UT WOS:000338925000011 ER PT J AU Peters, DPC Havstad, KM Cushing, J Tweedie, C Fuentes, O Villanueva-Rosales, N AF Peters, Debra P. C. Havstad, Kris M. Cushing, Judy Tweedie, Craig Fuentes, Olac Villanueva-Rosales, Natalia TI Harnessing the power of big data: infusing the scientific method with machine learning to transform ecology SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE analytics; data deluge; long-term data; machine learning; open data; paradigm shifts ID DATA-INTENSIVE SCIENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOSYSTEMS; PARADIGM; DESERTIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; INFORMATICS; DIVERSITY; 1ST AB Most efforts to harness the power of big data for ecology and environmental sciences focus on data and metadata sharing, standardization, and accuracy. However, many scientists have not accepted the data deluge as an integral part of their research because the current scientific method is not scalable to large, complex datasets. Here, we explain how integrating a data-intensive, machine learning approach with a hypothesis-driven, mechanistic approach can lead to a novel knowledge, learning, analysis system (KLAS) for discovery and problem solving. Machine learning leads to more efficient, user-friendly analytics as the streams of data increase while hypothesis-driven decisions lead to the strategic design of experiments to fill knowledge gaps and to elucidate mechanisms. KLAS will transform ecology and environmental sciences by shortening the time lag between individual discoveries and leaps in knowledge by the scientific community, and will lead to paradigm shifts predicated on open access data and analytics in a machine learning environment. C1 [Peters, Debra P. C.; Havstad, Kris M.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Cushing, Judy] Evergreen State Coll, Dept Comp Sci, Olympia, WA 98005 USA. [Tweedie, Craig] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Biol Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Fuentes, Olac; Villanueva-Rosales, Natalia] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Comp Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Peters, DPC (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range & Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM debpeter@nmsu.edu RI Trivedi, Kruti/E-7558-2015 FU National Science Foundation [EF-1065699, DEB-1440166, DEB-1235828, HRD-1242122, BIO/DBI 1062572]; Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research Program at the University of New Mexico [DEB-0832652]; US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX Reported data reported are presented, archived, and openly available (http://jornada.nmsu.edu). Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation to New Mexico State University (EF-1065699; DEB-1440166) and the Jornada Basin Long Term Ecological Research Program (DEB-1235828), by the Sevilleta Long Term Ecological Research Program at the University of New Mexico (DEB-0832652), and by the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service to the Jornada Experimental Range. This work used resources from Cyber-ShARE Center of Excellence at the University of Texas at El Paso, which is supported by the National Science Foundation (HRD-1242122). Cushing's contribution was funded in part by the National Science Foundation (BIO/DBI 1062572). We thank Jin Yao and Stacey Scroggs for assistance with the figures. Scott Collins, Susan Moran, and Osvaldo Sala provided helpful comments on an earlier version. We thank William B. Batista and an anonymous reviewer for comments on the manuscript. NR 50 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 17 U2 71 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 AR 67 DI 10.1890/ES13-00359.1 PG 15 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AL1ZH UT WOS:000338925000001 ER PT J AU Walker, SJ Funk, PA AF Walker, Stephanie J. Funk, Paul A. TI Mechanizing Chile Peppers: Challenges and Advances in Transitioning Harvest of New Mexico's Signature Crop SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bracero Program; Capsicum annuum; destemming; mechanical harvest; North American Free Trade Agreement ID QUALITY AB New Mexican-type red and green chile (Capsicum annuum) is important to New Mexico's identity and economy. Producers began experimenting with mechanical harvest in the mid-1960s, but efforts stalled in the 1970s. Adverse impact to production following the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement spurred renewed interest in chile mechanization. Through private and public collaboration, the red chile industry in New Mexico has successfully transitioned with more than 80% of domestic acreage currently mechanized. Green chile has proven to be more challenging with fruit damage and lack of efficient mechanical stem removal posing key obstacles. Recent identification and developments in equipment have provided necessary components for mechanization of green chile, but must be scaled-up to production volumes. C1 [Walker, Stephanie J.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Extens Plant Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Funk, Paul A.] USDA ARS, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM 88047 USA. RP Walker, SJ (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Extens Plant Sci, 945 Coll Dr,POB 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM swalker@nmsu.edu FU New Mexico Chile Task Force; New Mexico Chile Association; New Mexico Chile Commission; Hatch funds; New Mexico State University Agriculture Experiment Station; Production and Harvest Mechanization (MECH) Working Group FX This paper was part of the colloquium "Strategy for Developing Mechanical Harvesting of Horticultural Crops: Simultaneous Short-, Medium-, and Longterm Strategies" held 24 July 2013 at the ASHS Annual Conference, Palm Desert, California, and sponsored by the Production and Harvest Mechanization (MECH) Working Group.; Support for chile pepper mechanization research has been provided by the New Mexico Chile Task Force, the New Mexico Chile Association, the New Mexico Chile Commission, Hatch funds, and the New Mexico State University Agriculture Experiment Station. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 281 EP 284 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AL4FT UT WOS:000339089000004 ER PT J AU Olmstead, JW Finn, CE AF Olmstead, James W. Finn, Chad E. TI Breeding Highbush Blueberry Cultivars Adapted to Machine Harvest for the Fresh Market SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blueberry breeding; mechanical harvest; Vaccinium corymbosum ID FRUIT DETACHMENT; RABBITEYE; FIRMNESS; QUALITY; YIELD; HAND AB In recent years, world blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) production has been split evenly between processing and fresh fruit markets. Machine harvest of highbush blueberry {northern highbush blueberry [NHB (V. corymbosum)], southern highbush blueberry [SHB (V. corymbosum interspecific hybrids)], and rabbiteye blueberry [RE (V. virgatum)]} typically has been used to obtain large volumes of fruit destined for processing. Because of financial and labor concerns, growers are interested in using machine harvesting for fruit destined to be fresh marketed. Bush architecture, harvest timing, loose fruit clusters, easy detachment of mature berries compared with immature berries, no stem retention, small stem scar, a persistent wax layer, and firm fruit are breeding goals to develop cultivars amenable to machine harvest. Progress in selecting for these traits has been made in existing highbush blueberry breeding programs, but will likely intensify as the need for cultivars suitable for machine harvest for the fresh market increases. C1 [Olmstead, James W.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Finn, Chad E.] USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Olmstead, JW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, 2211 Fifield Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jwolmstead@ufl.edu FU Production and Harvest Mechanization (MECH) Working Group; USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2009-51181-06021] FX This paper was part of the colloquium "Strategy for Developing Mechanical Harvesting of Horticultural Crops: Simultaneous Short-, Medium-, and Long-term Strategies" held 24 July 2013 at the ASHS Annual Conference, Palm Desert, California, and sponsored by the Production and Harvest Mechanization (MECH) Working Group.; This report was funded in part by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative (A multidisciplinary approach to sustainability and profitability of U.S. blueberry production using the tree-like species Vaccinium arboreum, Award No. 2009-51181-06021). NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 290 EP 294 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AL4FT UT WOS:000339089000006 ER PT J AU Daley, SL Wechter, WP Hassell, RL AF Daley, Shawna L. Wechter, William Patrick Hassell, Richard L. TI Improvement of Grafted Watermelon Transplant Survival as a Result of Size and Starch Increases Over Time Caused by Rootstock Fatty Alcohol Treatment: Part II SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE regrowth control; rootstock treatment; vegetable grafting; watermelon grafting ID INHIBITION; VEGETABLES; GROWTH AB Fatty alcohol treatments can be used to eliminate the meristem of cucurbit (Cucurbitaceae) rootstocks, which prevents regrowth when grafting, but the effects of the treatment on the rootstock have not been documented. Two rootstock types, 'Emphasis' bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria) and 'Carnivor' interspecific hybrid squash (Cucurbita maxima x C. moschata) commonly used in watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) grafting significantly increased in cotyledon and hypocotyl size over 21 days after treatment (DAT) with a 6.25% fatty alcohol emulsion. There was a significant increase in total soluble sugar (glucose, sucrose, and fructose) content for each rootstock hypocotyl and cotyledon. Starch concentrations of hypocotyls and cotyledons also increased significantly in both rootstocks. This increase in stored energy could greatly increase the success rate of the grafting process. Increased rootstock energy reserves could overcome the need for keeping the rootstock cotyledon intact when grafting. C1 [Daley, Shawna L.; Hassell, Richard L.] Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Wechter, William Patrick] USDA ARS, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Daley, SL (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Coastal Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM sdaley@clemson.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 EI 1943-7714 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 3 BP 350 EP 354 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AL4FT UT WOS:000339089000015 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Guillen, RA Munoz, J Hafernik, J Tierney, M Rodriguez-Tapia, G Cordoba-Aguilar, A AF Sanchez-Guillen, R. A. Munoz, J. Hafernik, J. Tierney, M. Rodriguez-Tapia, G. Cordoba-Aguilar, A. TI Hybridization rate and climate change: are endangered species at risk? SO JOURNAL OF INSECT CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Range shifts; Sympatric distributions; MAXENT; Hybridization and introgression; Displacement and extinction ID FEMALE COLOR POLYMORPHISM; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; GENUS ISCHNURA; ODONATA; COENAGRIONIDAE; DAMSELFLIES; INTROGRESSION; DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTINCTION; DIVERGENCE AB Many species are altering their geographic range due to climate change creating new sympatric populations of otherwise allopatric populations. We investigated whether climate change will affect the distribution and thus the pattern of hybridization between two pairs of closely related damselfly species [Ischnura damula and I. demorsa, and I. denticollis and I. gemina (this, an endangered species)]. Thus, we estimated the strength of pre and postmating reproductive barriers between both pairs of species, and we predicted future potential distribution under four different Global Circulation Models and a realistic emissions scenario of climate change by using maximum entropy modelling technique. Our results showed that reproductive isolation (RI) is complete in I. damula x I. demorsa individuals: F-1 (first generation) hybrids are produced but do not reach sexual maturation. However, RI in I. denticollis x I. gemina hybrids is high but incomplete and unidirectional: only I. gemina females produced F-1 hybrids which mate with males and females of I. denticollis and between them producing BC1 (back-crosses) and F-2 (second generation) viable hybrids. Maximum entropy models revealed a northern and westward shift and a general reduction of the potential geographic ranges. Based on the pattern of hybridization, for I. damula and I. demorsa there is a current threat as well as a rapid displacement and/or extinction of I. gemina by I. denticollis. However, the current pattern of extinction may not continue due to the contraction in ranges of the four species. C1 [Sanchez-Guillen, R. A.; Cordoba-Aguilar, A.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Dept Ecol Evolut, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Munoz, J.] CSIC, RJB, E-28014 Madrid, Spain. [Munoz, J.] Univ Tecnol Indoamer Machala & Sabanilla, Ctr Biodiversidad & Cambio Climat, Quito, Ecuador. [Hafernik, J.] San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Tierney, M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Tahoe Natl Forest, Camptonville, CA 95922 USA. [Rodriguez-Tapia, G.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Unidad Geomat, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. RP Sanchez-Guillen, RA (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ecol, Dept Ecol Evolut, Apdo Postal 70-275,Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM rguillen@uvigo.es; acordoba@ecologia.unam.mx OI Sanchez Guillen, Rosa Ana/0000-0001-6024-8321 FU PAPIIT [IN 204610, IN 222312]; post-doctoral grant (DGAPA-UNAM) from Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain [CGL2012-38624-C02-02] FX To two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and the following colleagues for clarifying and/or providing information about distribution ranges: Rich Bailowitz, Rob Cannings, Doug Danforth, Erland Nielsen, Tim Manolis, Mike May, Dennis Paulson, Leah Ramsay and Tom Schultz. Tania Pollak provided information from her recent survey of Ischnura gemina populations. Raul Ivan Martinez Becerril provided help looking for the literature, and Jesus Ramses Chavez Rios for comments on the first draft of this manuscript. This research was funded by two PAPIIT grants (IN 204610 and IN 222312). RSG was supported by a post-doctoral grant (DGAPA-UNAM) from Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico. J.M. is currently supported by grant CGL2012-38624-C02-02 of the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain. NR 48 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1366-638X EI 1572-9753 J9 J INSECT CONSERV JI J. Insect Conserv. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 18 IS 3 BP 295 EP 305 DI 10.1007/s10841-014-9637-5 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Entomology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Entomology GA AL2VH UT WOS:000338983200002 ER PT J AU Udayanga, D Castlebury, LA Rossman, AY Hyde, KD AF Udayanga, D. Castlebury, L. A. Rossman, A. Y. Hyde, K. D. TI Species limits in Diaporthe: molecular re-assessment of D-citri, D-cytosporella, D-foeniculina and D-rudis SO PERSOONIA LA English DT Article DE epitypification; genealogical sorting index; melanose; multi-gene phylogeny; new primers; Phomopsis; species recognition; stem end rot; systematics ID PLANT-PATHOGENIC FUNGI; PHOMOPSIS-CITRI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; PERFECT STAGE; STEM CANKER; PRIMER SETS; PHYLOGENY; MELANOSE; GENUS; RECOGNITION AB Species of Diaporthe are important plant pathogens of a wide range of hosts worldwide. In the present study the species causing melanose and stem end rot diseases of Citrus spp. are revised. Three species of Diaporthe occurring on Citrus are characterised, including D. citri, D. cytosporella and D. foeniculina. Morphology and phylogenetic analyses of the complete nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer regions and partial sequences of actin, beta-tubulin, calmodulin and translation elongation factor 1-a were used to resolve species on Citrus and related Diaporthe species. Diaporthe citri occurs on Citrus throughout the Citrus-growing regions of the world. Diaporthe cytosporella is found on Citrus in Europe and California (USA). Diaporthe foeniculina, including the synonym D. neotheicola, is recognised as a species with an extensive host range including Citrus. Diaporthe medusaea, a name widely used for D. citri, was determined to be a synonym of D. rudis, a species with a broad host range. Diaporthe citri is delimited based on molecular phylogenetic analysis with the inclusion of the conserved ex-type and additional collections from different geographic locations worldwide. Diaporthe cytosporella, D. foeniculina and D. rudis are epitypified, fully described and illustrated with a review of all synonyms based on molecular data and morphological studies. Newly designed primers are introduced to optimise the amplification and sequencing of calmodulin and actin genes in Diaporthe. A discussion is provided of the utility of genes and the need for multi-gene phylogenies when distinguishing species of Diaporthe or describing new species. C1 [Udayanga, D.; Castlebury, L. A.; Rossman, A. Y.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Udayanga, D.; Hyde, K. D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. [Udayanga, D.; Hyde, K. D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. RP Castlebury, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Lisa.Castlebury@ars.usda.gov OI Udayanga, Dhanushka/0000-0002-3088-7752 NR 95 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU RIJKSHERBARIUM PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9514, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-5850 J9 PERSOONIA JI Persoonia PD JUN PY 2014 VL 32 BP 83 EP 101 DI 10.3767/003158514X679984 PG 19 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AL3UC UT WOS:000339054000005 PM 25264384 ER PT J AU Sriladda, C Kjelgren, R Kratsch, H Monaco, T Larson, S Shen, FA AF Sriladda, Chalita Kjelgren, Roger Kratsch, Heidi Monaco, Thomas Larson, Steven Shen, FenAnn TI ECOLOGICAL ADAPTATION OF THE ENDEMIC SHEPHERDIA ROTUNDIFOLIA TO CONDITIONS IN ITS COLORADO PLATEAU RANGE SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID LIQUIDAMBAR-STYRACIFLUA L; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; LEAF-AREA; CONSERVATION PRIORITIES; DROUGHT STRESS; USE EFFICIENCY; BIODIVERSITY; GROWTH; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; INFERENCE AB Due to limited water supplies, use of drought-tolerant species to conserve water in irrigated urban landscapes is increasingly important in the Intermountain West. The Colorado Plateau endemic shrub, Shepherdia rotundifolia Parry is a potential candidate for use in sustainable urban low-water landscapes (LWLs) for its aesthetic and drought-tolerant qualities. However, the species is difficult to establish in urban landscapes of different fertility and water availability than found in regional native habitats. A better understanding of environmental and genetic constraints, as well as morphological adaptation in native habitats, may facilitate greater use of S. rotundifolia in LWLs. The goal of this study was to investigate variability in environmental conditions, morphology, and genetics among 6 populations of S. rotttndifolia along an elevation gradient (range 1200-2500 m) in the species' native range. Aboveground environmental conditions were characterized from 30-year proximal weather station data, intra-annual weather collected on-site, and site relative light intensity (RU) from hemispherical canopy images. Belowground, we analyzed site-specific soils for texture, pH, salinity organic matter (OM), and macronutrients. We characterized plant morphology and genetics from leaf area and specific leaf area (SLA), scanning electron microscopic imaging of trichome structure and leaf thickness, and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genetic variation among populations. Precipitation, air temperature, RLI, and soil properties varied widely among populations. Differences among leaf area, SLA, and leaf trichome structure suggest population-level adaptations consistent with environmental differences, particularly between high- and low-elevation populations. Similarly, distinct AFLP banding patterns among high- and low-elevation populations suggest differences due to isolation by distance. SLA was correlated with RU, OM, and potassium (K). Relatively high native levels and positive correlation with SLA suggest that K may be a limiting factor in urban landscape soils. Selection of plants adapted to environmental conditions similar to those present in urban landscapes may enhance successful use of S. rotundifolia. Genetic variation also suggests potential for cultivar selection. C1 [Sriladda, Chalita; Kjelgren, Roger] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Kratsch, Heidi] Univ Nevada Cooperat Extens, Reno, NV 89502 USA. [Monaco, Thomas; Larson, Steven] Utah State Univ, USDA, ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Shen, FenAnn] Utah State Univ, Scanning Electron Microscope Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Sriladda, C (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM sriladda@gmail.com NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 11 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD JUN PY 2014 VL 74 IS 1 BP 79 EP 91 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AL2QO UT WOS:000338970400007 ER PT J AU Linz, GM Sawin, RS Lutman, MW AF Linz, George M. Sawin, Richard S. Lutman, Mark W. TI THE INFLUENCE OF BREEDING EXPERIENCE ON NEST SUCCESS IN RED-WINGED BLACKBIRD SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID AGELAIUS-PHOENICEUS; NORTH-DAKOTA; FEMALE CHOICE; DEFENSE; BIRDS; INTENSITY; BEHAVIOR; CARE AB The Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) is a polygynous species, and females are typically responsible for the majority of parental care. Despite their limited involvement, males can contribute to reproduction through nest defense and the feeding of nestlings. Some aspects of nest defense may be learned, and older males are more likely to feed young, suggesting that males with previous breeding experience may enjoy higher nest success than their naive counterparts. We manipulated territory ownership on 10 wetlands in central North Dakota in order to examine the influence of breeding experience on reproductive success. We found no evidence that breeding experience increased nest survival ((x) over bar = 23.0%) or increased the number of fledglings per nest ((x) over bar = 2.2). In this population, territory quality may contribute more to nesting success than male parental contributions. C1 [Linz, George M.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. [Sawin, Richard S.; Lutman, Mark W.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Lutman, Mark W.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Linz, GM (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 2110 Miriam Circle, Bismarck, ND 58501 USA. FU WS-NWRC [QA-803]; Department of Biological Sciences, NDSU FX M.E. Biondini, W.J. Bleier and G.L. Nuechterlein provided comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. This study was conducted with the approval of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees of North Dakota State University (NDSU) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center (WS-NWRC). Funding was provided jointly by the WS-NWRC (Protocol QA-803) and the Department of Biological Sciences, NDSU. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA SN 1527-0904 EI 1944-8341 J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST JI West. North Am. Naturalist PD JUN PY 2014 VL 74 IS 1 BP 123 EP 129 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AL2QO UT WOS:000338970400012 ER PT J AU Braun, CE Oyler-McCance, SJ Nehring, JA Commons, ML Young, JR Potter, KM AF Braun, Clait E. Oyler-McCance, Sara J. Nehring, Jennifer A. Commons, Michelle L. Young, Jessica R. Potter, Kim M. TI THE HISTORICAL DISTRIBUTION OF GUNNISON SAGE-GROUSE IN COLORADO SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Centrocercus minimus; C. urophasianus; Colorado; Greater Sage-Grouse; Gunnison Sage-Grouse ID SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; CENTROCERCUS AB The historical distribution of Gunnison Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus minimus) in Colorado is described based on published literature, observations, museum specimens, and the known distribution of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.). Historically, Gunnison Sage-Grouse were widely but patchily distributed in up to 22 counties in south-central and southwestern Colorado. The historical distribution of this species was south of the Colorado-Eagle river drainages primarily west of the Continental Divide. Potential contact areas with Greater Sage-Grouse (C. urophasianus) were along the Colorado-Eagle river system in Mesa, Garfield, and Eagle counties, west of the Continental Divide Gunnison Sage-Grouse historically occupied habitats that were naturally highly fragmented by forested mountains and plateaus/mesas, intermountain basins without robust species of sagebrush, and river systems. This species adapted to use areas with more deciduous shrubs (i.e., Quercus spp., Anzelanchier spp., Prunus spp.) in conjunction with sagebrush. Most areas historically occupied were small, linear, and patchily distributed within the overall landscape matrix. The exception was the large intermountain basin in Gunnison, Hinsdale, and Saguache counties. The documented distribution east of the Continental Divide within the large expanse of the San Luis Valley (Alamosa, Conejos, Costilla, and Rio Grande counties) was minimal and mostly on the eastern, northern, and southern fringes. Many formerly occupied habitat patches were vacant by the mid 1940s with extirpations continuing to the late 1990s. Counties from which populations were recently extirpated include Archuleta and Pitkin (1960s), and Eagle, Garfield, Montezuma, and Ouray (1990s). Received 1 November 2013. Accepted 29 January 2014. C1 [Braun, Clait E.] Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA. [Oyler-McCance, Sara J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Nehring, Jennifer A.] Wetland Dynam LLC, Monte Vista, CO 81144 USA. [Commons, Michelle L.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Nampa, ID 83686 USA. [Young, Jessica R.] Western State Colorado Univ, Gunnison, CO 81231 USA. [Potter, Kim M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rifle, CO 81650 USA. RP Braun, CE (reprint author), Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA. EM sgwtp66@gmail.com FU Colorado Division of Wildlife; [W-152-R]; [W-167-R] FX Field work during 1977-1999 was supported by the Colorado Division of Wildlife. We thank all field personnel who helped with studies in Delta, Dolores, Gunnison, Mesa, Montrose, Saguache, and San Miguel counties, especially Area Wildlife Manager Jim Houston, Wildlife Managers Cliff Coghill, Dale Coven, Dave Harper, Doug Homan, Bill Heicher, Dave Kenvin, and Maurice Potter, and Wildlife Biologist Jim Olterman. We thank Joanne Saher for her insightful comments on the manuscript and for help with figures. We also thank two anonymous referees for helpful reviews of the manuscript. This is a contribution from Federal Aid to Wildlife Restoration projects W-152-R and W-167-R. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 19 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 126 IS 2 BP 207 EP 217 PG 11 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AL2SM UT WOS:000338975600003 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Stefanoni, JL Dupuy, JM Johnson, KD Birdsey, R Tun-Dzul, F Peduzzi, A Caamal-Sosa, JP Sanchez-Santos, G Lopez-Merlin, D AF Luis Hernandez-Stefanoni, Jose Manuel Dupuy, Juan Johnson, Kristofer D. Birdsey, Richard Tun-Dzul, Fernando Peduzzi, Alicia Pablo Caamal-Sosa, Juan Sanchez-Santos, Gonzalo Lopez-Merlin, David TI Improving Species Diversity and Biomass Estimates of Tropical Dry Forests Using Airborne LiDAR SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE above-ground biomass; biodiversity; habitat heterogeneity; LiDAR; vegetation structure ID ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; SHIFTING CULTIVATION; YUCATAN PENINSULA; PLANT DIVERSITY; ALPHA-DIVERSITY; BETA-DIVERSITY; CARBON STOCKS; SPATIAL DATA; BIODIVERSITY; MEXICO AB The spatial distribution of plant diversity and biomass informs management decisions to maintain biodiversity and carbon stocks in tropical forests. Optical remotely sensed data is often used for supporting such activities; however, it is difficult to estimate these variables in areas of high biomass. New technologies, such as airborne LiDAR, have been used to overcome such limitations. LiDAR has been increasingly used to map carbon stocks in tropical forests, but has rarely been used to estimate plant species diversity. In this study, we first evaluated the effect of using different plot sizes and plot designs on improving the prediction accuracy of species richness and biomass from LiDAR metrics using multiple linear regression. Second, we developed a general model to predict species richness and biomass from LiDAR metrics for two different types of tropical dry forest using regression analysis. Third, we evaluated the relative roles of vegetation structure and habitat heterogeneity in explaining the observed patterns of biodiversity and biomass, using variation partition analysis and LiDAR metrics. The results showed that with increasing plot size, there is an increase of the accuracy of biomass estimations. In contrast, for species richness, the inclusion of different habitat conditions (cluster of four plots over an area of 1.0 ha) provides better estimations. We also show that models of plant diversity and biomass can be derived from small footprint LiDAR at both local and regional scales. Finally, we found that a large portion of the variation in species richness can be exclusively attributed to habitat heterogeneity, while biomass was mainly explained by vegetation structure. C1 [Luis Hernandez-Stefanoni, Jose; Manuel Dupuy, Juan; Tun-Dzul, Fernando] Ctr Invest Cient Yucatan AC, Unidad Recursos Nat, Merida 97200, Yucatan, Mexico. [Johnson, Kristofer D.; Birdsey, Richard; Peduzzi, Alicia] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. [Pablo Caamal-Sosa, Juan; Sanchez-Santos, Gonzalo; Lopez-Merlin, David] Comis Nacl Forestal, Proyecto Mexico Noruega, Coyoacan 04100, DF, Mexico. RP Hernandez-Stefanoni, JL (reprint author), Ctr Invest Cient Yucatan AC, Unidad Recursos Nat, Calle 43 130, Merida 97200, Yucatan, Mexico. EM jl_stefanoni@cicy.mx; jmdupuy@cicy.mx; kristoferdjohnson@fs.fed.us; rbirdsey@fs.fed.us; fjtun@cicy.mx; apeduzzi@fs.fed.us; jcaamalsosa@gmail.com; bedxemex@hotmail.com; davidlopezmerlin@gmail.com OI Hernandez-Stefanoni, Jose Luis/0000-0002-9559-7131 FU Reinforcing REDD+; South-South Cooperation Project - Mexican National Forest Commission (CONAFOR); United States Forest Service (USFS); USAID FX We warmly thank the people from the "ejidos" of Xkobenhaltun, Xul and Yaxhachen in Yucatan and Uyoolche AC in Felipe Carrillo Puerto, Quintana Roo, for their hospitality, permission to work on their land and assistance during fieldwork. Kaxil Kiuic Asociacion Civil in Spanish provided logistic support. We also want to thank Filogonio May-Pat for his help with fieldwork and species identification and Manuela Tamayo for her assistance with the processing of field data. Four anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments that helped improve the clarity and impact of this paper. The study was financially supported by Reinforcing REDD+ and the South-South Cooperation Project, funded by the Mexican National Forest Commission (CONAFOR), United States Forest Service (USFS) and USAID. This study was conducted with data from the Mexican network of Intensive Carbon Monitoring Sites (MEX-SMIC in Spanish). The network is an affiliation of academic institutions, government and NGO investigators with various funding sources. The network currently includes five forested sites located in strategic landscapes for REDD+ activities. The use of trade or firm names in this publication is for the reader's information and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture of any product or service. NR 64 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 7 U2 46 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 6 BP 4741 EP 4763 DI 10.3390/rs6064741 PG 23 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA AK9RB UT WOS:000338763300006 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Westbrook, JK Suh, CPC Martin, DE Hoffmann, WC Lan, YB Fritz, BK Goolsby, JA AF Yang, Chenghai Westbrook, John K. Suh, Charles P-C. Martin, Daniel E. Hoffmann, W. Clint Lan, Yubin Fritz, Bradley K. Goolsby, John A. TI An Airborne Multispectral Imaging System Based on Two Consumer-Grade Cameras for Agricultural Remote Sensing SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE airborne multispectral imaging system; consumer-grade camera; geotagged image; image alignment; crop condition assessment; pest detection ID DIGITAL CAMERAS; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; UNMANNED AIRCRAFT; GIANT REED; ENVIRONMENTS; ACQUISITION; YIELD AB This paper describes the design and evaluation of an airborne multispectral imaging system based on two identical consumer-grade cameras for agricultural remote sensing. The cameras are equipped with a full-frame complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) sensor with 5616 x 3744 pixels. One camera captures normal color images, while the other is modified to obtain near-infrared (NIR) images. The color camera is also equipped with a GPS receiver to allow geotagged images. A remote control is used to trigger both cameras simultaneously. Images are stored in 14-bit RAW and 8-bit JPEG files in CompactFlash cards. The second-order transformation was used to align the color and NIR images to achieve subpixel alignment in four-band images. The imaging system was tested under various flight and land cover conditions and optimal camera settings were determined for airborne image acquisition. Images were captured at altitudes of 305-3050 m (1000-10,000 ft) and pixel sizes of 0.1-1.0 m were achieved. Four practical application examples are presented to illustrate how the imaging system was used to estimate cotton canopy cover, detect cotton root rot, and map henbit and giant reed infestations. Preliminary analysis of example images has shown that this system has potential for crop condition assessment, pest detection, and other agricultural applications. C1 [Yang, Chenghai; Martin, Daniel E.; Hoffmann, W. Clint; Lan, Yubin; Fritz, Bradley K.] USDA ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Westbrook, John K.; Suh, Charles P-C.] USDA ARS, Insect Control & Cotton Dis Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Goolsby, John A.] USDA ARS, Tick & Biting Fly Res Unit, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Res Unit, 3103 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM chenghai.yang@ars.usda.gov; john.westbrook@ars.usda.gov; charles.suh@ars.usda.gov; dan.martin@ars.usda.gov; clint.hoffmann@ars.usda.gov; yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov; brad.fritz@ars.usda.gov; john.goolsby@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 25 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 6 BP 5257 EP 5278 DI 10.3390/rs6065257 PG 22 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA AK9RB UT WOS:000338763300026 ER PT J AU Fathelrahman, E Basarir, A Gheblawi, M Sherif, S Ascough, J AF Fathelrahman, Eihab Basarir, Aydin Gheblawi, Mohamed Sherif, Sherin Ascough, James, II TI Economic Risk and Efficiency Assessment of Fisheries in Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE): A Stochastic Approach SO SUSTAINABILITY LA English DT Article DE fisheries; technical efficiency; allocative efficiency; stochastic dominance; stochastic efficiency with respect to a function (SERF); socio-economics ID TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY; ALTERNATIVE TILLAGE; AVERSION BOUNDS; FRONTIER; CATCH AB The fishing industry in Abu-Dhabi, United Arab Emirates (UAE), plays an important role in diversifying food sources in order to enhance national food security. The fishing industry is facing an increasing risk that may impact the sustainability (i.e., quantity and quality) of the fish caught and consumed in the UAE. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to analyze common Abu-Dhabi fishing management alternatives using various stochastic dominance techniques (i.e., first/second degree stochastic dominance, stochastic dominance with respect to a function and stochastic efficiency with respect to a function) to assess the risk facing UAE fishermen. The techniques represent a risk assessment continuum, which can provide a ranking of management alternatives to improve decision making outcomes and help maintain long-term UAE fishing sustainability. Data for the stochastic dominance analyses were obtained from a cross-sectional survey conducted through face-to-face interviews of Abu Dhabi, UAE, fishermen. Analysis of fishing methods, trap sizes and trap numbers using stochastic efficiency with respect to a function (SERF) showed that fishermen efficient practices were not the same for risk-neutral fishermen compared to risk averse fishermen. Overall, the stochastic dominance results illustrated the importance of considering both attitude towards risk and economic inefficiencies in managing UAE fishery practices and designing successful fishery policies, as well as improving decision-making at the fishermen level. C1 [Fathelrahman, Eihab; Basarir, Aydin; Gheblawi, Mohamed] United Arab Emirates Univ, Coll Food & Agr, Dept Agribusiness & Consumer Sci, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. [Sherif, Sherin] Univ Alexandria, Coll Agr, Econ & Agribusiness Dept, Alexandria, Egypt. [Ascough, James, II] USDA ARS, NPA, ASRU, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Fathelrahman, E (reprint author), United Arab Emirates Univ, Coll Food & Agr, Dept Agribusiness & Consumer Sci, POB 15551, Al Ain, U Arab Emirates. EM eihab.fathelrahman@uaeu.ac.ae; abasarir@uaeu.ac.ae; gheblawi@uaeu.ac.ae; sherifsherin@yahoo.com; jim.ascough@ars.usda.gov RI Basarir, Aydin/S-4756-2016 NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2071-1050 J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL JI Sustainability PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 6 BP 3878 EP 3898 DI 10.3390/su6063878 PG 21 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK9LF UT WOS:000338747900037 ER PT J AU Shellie, KC AF Shellie, Krista C. TI Water Productivity, Yield, and Berry Composition in Sustained versus Regulated Deficit Irrigation of Merlot Grapevines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ENOLOGY AND VITICULTURE LA English DT Article DE evapotranspiration; leaf water potential; water stress; Ravaz index; anthocyanins; berry size ID VITIS-VINIFERA L.; CABERNET-SAUVIGNON; PHENOLIC COMPOSITION; MIDDAY LEAF; CV-SHIRAZ; VINE; SEED; WINE; SKIN; STRESS AB The winegrape cultivar Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) was irrigated over eight growing seasons at three severities of sustained deficit irrigation (SDI): a standard (STD) amount that provided 90% of estimated crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and 70 or 35% of the standard amount (STD70, STD35) or by a regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) regime that provided the STD35 amount preveraison and the STD70 from veraison until harvest. This work discusses data collected during the final three seasons. Vines under STD irrigation had the greatest proportion of large berries (similar to 1.2 g size category), and large berries, regardless of irrigation regime, had lower concentrations of soluble solids and anthocyanins and higher anthocyanin content per berry than small berries (similar to 0.6 g size category). In berries of similar size, the concentration of soluble solids and the anthocyanin content per berry were higher under RDI than under STD or STD35 and were similar under RDI and STD70. As irrigation amount under SDI decreased 62% from STD to STD35, yield, berry weight, and pruning weight decreased (44, 24, and 55%, respectively) and water productivity increased (24%). The STD70 treatment produced the greatest quantity of fruit with desirable berry composition. Seasonal water use was 15% less under RDI than under STD70; however, the water productivity of both treatments was similar due to reduced berry size and yield under RDI relative to STD70. The RDI regime provides an irrigation option for producing fruit of desirable composition when water conservation necessitates acceptance of a reduction in yield. C1 ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Shellie, KC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, 29603 U I Lane, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM Krista.Shellie@ars.usda.gov FU ARS [5358-21000-034-00D] FX This work was conducted under ARS project no. 5358-21000-034-00D, entitled Production Systems to Promote Yield and Quality of Grapes in the Pacific Northwest. The author gratefully acknowledges the logistical support of Dale Jeffers and Aaron Mai, Winemakers LLC, and the technical support of Alan Muir, Monte Shields, and Cheryl Franklin-Miller. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER SOC ENOLOGY VITICULTURE PI DAVIS PA PO BOX 1855, DAVIS, CA 95617-1855 USA SN 0002-9254 EI 1943-7749 J9 AM J ENOL VITICULT JI Am. J. Enol. Vitic. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 65 IS 2 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.5344/ajev.2014.13112 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Agriculture GA AL1ZI UT WOS:000338925100005 ER PT J AU Caneba, CA Yang, L Baddour, J Curtis, R Win, J Hartig, S Marini, J Nagrath, D AF Caneba, C. A. Yang, L. Baddour, J. Curtis, R. Win, J. Hartig, S. Marini, J. Nagrath, D. TI Nitric oxide is a positive regulator of the Warburg effect in ovarian cancer cells SO CELL DEATH & DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PEGYLATED ARGININE DEIMINASE; LINE BT-20 BT-20-HNO; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; BREAST-CANCER; ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE; MITOCHONDRIAL BIOGENESIS; METABOLIC-REGULATION; CARCINOMA CELLS; TUMOR-CELLS; INHIBITION AB Ovarian cancer (OVCA) is among the most lethal gynecological cancers leading to high mortality rates among women. Increasing evidence indicate that cancer cells undergo metabolic transformation during tumorigenesis and growth through nutrients and growth factors available in tumor microenvironment. This altered metabolic rewiring further enhances tumor progression. Recent studies have begun to unravel the role of amino acids in the tumor microenvironment on the proliferation of cancer cells. One critically important, yet often overlooked, component to tumor growth is the metabolic reprogramming of nitric oxide (NO) pathways in cancer cells. Multiple lines of evidence support the link between NO and tumor growth in some cancers, including pancreas, breast and ovarian. However, the multifaceted role of NO in the metabolism of OVCA is unclear and direct demonstration of NO's role in modulating OVCA cells' metabolism is lacking. This study aims at indentifying the mechanistic links between NO and OVCA metabolism. We uncover a role of NO in modulating OVCA metabolism: NO positively regulates the Warburg effect, which postulates increased glycolysis along with reduced mitochondrial activity under aerobic conditions in cancer cells. Through both NO synthesis inhibition (using L-arginine deprivation, arginine is a substrate for NO synthase (NOS), which catalyzes NO synthesis; using L-Name, a NOS inhibitor) and NO donor (using DETA-NONOate) analysis, we show that NO not only positively regulates tumor growth but also inhibits mitochondrial respiration in OVCA cells, shifting these cells towards glycolysis to maintain their ATP production. Additionally, NO led to an increase in TCA cycle flux and glutaminolysis, suggesting that NO decreases ROS levels by increasing NADPH and glutathione levels. Our results place NO as a central player in the metabolism of OVCA cells. Understanding the effects of NO on cancer cell metabolism can lead to the development of NO targeting drugs for OVCAs. C1 [Caneba, C. A.; Yang, L.; Baddour, J.; Curtis, R.; Win, J.; Nagrath, D.] Rice Univ, Lab Syst Biol Human Dis, Houston, TX USA. [Caneba, C. A.; Nagrath, D.] Rice Univ, Dept Bioengn, Houston, TX USA. [Yang, L.; Baddour, J.; Curtis, R.; Win, J.; Nagrath, D.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Houston, TX USA. [Hartig, S.; Marini, J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marini, J.] ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marini, J.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marini, J (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM marini@bcm.edu OI Nagrath, Deepak/0000-0002-8999-2282 FU Ken Kennedy Institute for Information Technology at Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; John and Ann Doerr Fund for the Computational Biomedicine; Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; NIH [1K01DK096093]; Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center at the Baylor College of Medicine [P30-DK079638] FX This work made possible in part through support from the Ken Kennedy Institute for Information Technology at Rice University, Houston, TX, USA to DN under the Collaborative Advances in Biomedical Computing 2011 seed funding program supported by the John and Ann Doerr Fund for the Computational Biomedicine. This work was supported by Rice University, Houston, TX, USA. We thank Dr Anil Sood (MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA) for providing OVCA cell line, SKOV3ip1. Additionally, we thank Vidya Subramanian for help with figures. SMH is supported by NIH 1K01DK096093. This work was also partly supported by the Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (P30-DK079638) at the Baylor College of Medicine (to SMH). NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-4889 J9 CELL DEATH DIS JI Cell Death Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 AR e1302 DI 10.1038/cddis.2014.264 PG 12 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA AK9WE UT WOS:000338778500030 PM 24967964 ER PT J AU Abd-Rabou, S Simmons, AM AF Abd-Rabou, Shaaban Simmons, Alvin M. TI SURVEY OF NATURAL ENEMIES OF WHITEFLIES (HEMIPTERA: ALEYRODIDAE) IN EGYPT WITH NEW LOCAL AND WORLD RECORDS SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article DE Aleyrodidae; whiteflies; predator; parasitoid; fungi; natural enemies ID BEMISIA-TABACI HOMOPTERA; 3 VEGETABLE CROPS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BIORATIONAL INSECTICIDES; HOST RECORDS; PARASITOIDS; HYMENOPTERA; APHELINIDAE; PREDATORS; FUNGI AB Whiteflies (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) are some of the most problematic global pests of agricultural crops. Yet, natural enemies help control whiteflies. A field survey was conducted to identify and record the natural enemies associated with whiteflies in Egypt. Fifty-two natural enemies (29 species of parasitoids, 8 species of pathogens, and 15 species of predators) were found attacking or isolated from 14 whitefly species in Egypt. New world records are reported herein for two parasitoids [Encarsia lutea Masi and Eretmocerus mundus (Mercet)] on eight species of whiteflies, and for three predators [Chilocorus bipustulatus L., Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens), and Coccinella septempunctata L.] on a single whitefly species [Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday)]. In addition, new local records of natural enemies on whiteflies are reported; this is the first local report of six predators and three entomopathogenic fungi of whiteflies in Egypt. This work helps in defining the natural enemies of whiteflies in and near agricultural communities. C1 [Abd-Rabou, Shaaban] Minist Agr, Agr Res Ctr, Plant Protect Res Inst, Giza, Egypt. [Simmons, Alvin M.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Simmons, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM shaaban1959@yahoo.com; alvin.simmons@ars.usda.gov OI Abd-Rabou, Shaaban/0000-0002-9162-7057 FU U.S.-Egyptian Science and Technology Joint Fund; USDA; Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture [3732] FX We thank Drs. Kai-Shu Ling and Amnon Levi for helpful suggestions on the manuscript. This publication is sponsored by the U.S.-Egyptian Science and Technology Joint Fund in cooperation with the USDA and Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture under Project Number 3732. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation for its use by the USDA. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X EI 2162-3236 J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD JUN PY 2014 VL 124 IS 1 BP 38 EP 56 DI 10.3157/021.124.0106 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AK7XJ UT WOS:000338640700006 ER PT J AU Park, SH Lee, H Kim, HS Kim, YR Noh, SH AF Park, Soo Hyun Lee, Hoyoung Kim, Hak Sung Kim, Yong-Ro Noh, Sang Ha TI Optimum Conditions for S-allyl-(L)-cysteine Accumulation in Aged Garlic by RSM SO FOOD SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE garlic; thawing process; S-allyl-(L)-cysteine; RSM; greening ID ALLIUM-SATIVUM L.; ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS; IN-VITRO; ANTIOXIDANT; CELLS; ONION AB The objective of this study was to determine the optimum conditions for accumulating SAC [S-allyl-(L)-cysteine]. Although SAC is one of the bioactive compounds in garlic that has been reported to be beneficial for good health, it is found only in trace amounts in raw garlic bulbs and there are no clear research results indicating the accumulation method. We discovered a new method for accumulating SAC by adding a freezing and thawing process. Furthermore the aging process was undertaken at a lower temperature to reduce energy consumption. A 1.64-fold increase in the SAC content of thawed garlic surveyed was noted compared to fresh garlic (2.6391 +/- 0.0022 mg/dry g vs. 1.7363 +/- 0.2180 mg/dry g). Maximum accumulation (8.0212 mg/dry g) was achieved after 15 days of aging at 40 degrees C, and response surface analysis was performed to determine the optimum conditions including aging period and temperature. C1 [Park, Soo Hyun; Lee, Hoyoung; Kim, Hak Sung; Kim, Yong-Ro; Noh, Sang Ha] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst & Biomat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Lee, Hoyoung] ARS, Environm Microbiol & Food Safety Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, USDA,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kim, Yong-Ro; Noh, Sang Ha] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea. RP Noh, SH (reprint author), Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Biosyst & Biomat Sci & Engn, Seoul 151921, South Korea. EM noh@snu.ac.kr FU Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishes (IPET), Korea FX This research was supported by the Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology of Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fishes (IPET), Korea NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU KOREAN SOCIETY FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-KOSFOST PI SEOUL PA #605, KOREA SCI TECHNOL CENT, 635-4 YEOKSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL, 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1226-7708 EI 2092-6456 J9 FOOD SCI BIOTECHNOL JI Food Sci. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 717 EP 722 DI 10.1007/s10068-014-0097-1 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AK8OX UT WOS:000338688600007 ER PT J AU Olanya, OM Larkin, RP Halloran, JM He, ZQ AF Olanya, O. Modesto Larkin, Robert P. Halloran, John M. He, Zhongqi TI Relationships of crop and soil management systems to meteorological variables and potato diseases on a Russet Burbank cultivar SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cropping systems; Disease effects; Humid temperate region; Meteorological variables; Potato canopy ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; IRRIGATION; MICROCLIMATE; ROTATION; BLIGHT; YIELD; WATER AB Crop, soil and water management systems may alter microclimatic conditions of agronomic crops and substantially affect plant growth and pest dynamics. However, the extent to which this may impact meteorological variables of potato canopy in a humid temperate region has not been substantially determined. Field plots of Russet Burbank potato were established to assess the potential impacts of different management systems on meteorological variables and subsequent effects on disease dynamics during the cropping cycle. The effects of five cropping systems (i.e Status Quo -SQ, Continuous Potato -PP, Soil Conserving -SC, Disease Suppressive -DS, and Soil Improving -SI) and irrigation application on meteorological variables of potato canopy were investigated from 2006 to 2009. Air and soil temperatures, relative humidity, leaf wetness, and soil water potential were assessed during the potato cropping cycle (May to September). The cropping systems had diverse, but limited significant effects on the meteorological variables of a Russet Burbank potato canopy, implying that treatment effects were similar. It appears that climate induced effects from the environment surrounding field plots substantially negated any cropping system or water treatment effects in field plots. In contrast, data for potato disease development, including early blight, stem canker, black scurf, and common scab, demonstrated consistent significant effects due to management system, indicating that disease parameters were affected by cropping system factors not related to potato canopy microclimate. These results suggest that in a humid environment, selective use of systems management may optimize potato growth and productivity and simultaneously minimize adverse microclimate. C1 [Olanya, O. Modesto] ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Larkin, Robert P.; Halloran, John M.] ARS, USDA, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [He, Zhongqi] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Olanya, OM (reprint author), ARS, Food Safety & Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM modesto.olanya@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 14 PU SOC AGRICULTURAL METEOROLOGY JAPAN PI TSUKUBA PA C/O SADANORI SASE, MANAGING EDITOR, LAB OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS, NATIONA, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, 305-8609 00000, JAPAN SN 0021-8588 EI 1881-0136 J9 J AGRIC METEOROL JI J. Agric. Meteorol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 70 IS 2 BP 91 EP 104 DI 10.2480/agrmet.D-13-00022 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AL0FS UT WOS:000338803400002 ER PT J AU Abderrezzak, KE Abad, JD Langendoen, EJ AF Abderrezzak, Kamal El Kadi Abad, Jorge D. Langendoen, Eddy J. TI Guest Editors' note SO JOURNAL OF HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Abderrezzak, Kamal El Kadi] Univ Paris Est, Joint Res Unit EDF R&D CETMEF & Ecole Ponts Pari, St Venant Lab Hydraul, Paris, France. [Abderrezzak, Kamal El Kadi] EDF R&D, Natl Lab Hydraul & Environm, Ecuelles, France. [Abad, Jorge D.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Langendoen, Eddy J.] USDA ARS, Watershed Phys Processes Res Unit, Oxford, MS USA. RP Abderrezzak, KE (reprint author), Univ Paris Est, Joint Res Unit EDF R&D CETMEF & Ecole Ponts Pari, St Venant Lab Hydraul, Paris, France. OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-6443 EI 1876-4444 J9 J HYDRO-ENVIRON RES JI J. Hydro-environ. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 75 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.jher.2014.05.002 PG 2 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AK8PV UT WOS:000338691400001 ER PT J AU Gallisdorfer, MS Bennett, SJ Atkinson, JF Ghaneeizad, SM Brooks, AP Simon, A Langendoen, EJ AF Gallisdorfer, Michael S. Bennett, Sean J. Atkinson, Joseph F. Ghaneeizad, S. Mohammad Brooks, Andrew P. Simon, Andrew Langendoen, Eddy J. TI Physical-scale model designs for engineered log jams in rivers SO JOURNAL OF HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Engineered log jams; Physical-scale model; Bank protection; Drag forces ID LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; FLUME EXPERIMENT; FLOW RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; STREAMS; ENTRAINMENT; RESTORATION; CHANNELS; DYNAMICS AB Stream restoration and river engineering projects are employing engineered log jams (ELJs) increasingly for stabilization and in-stream improvements. To advance the design of these structures and to evaluate their morphodynamic effects on corridors, the basis for physical-scale models of rivers with ELJs is presented and discussed. The prototype selected is the Big Sioux River, SD, chosen because ELJs will be used to mitigate excessive bank erosion. The underlying theory of physical-scale modeling and all primary and secondary scaling ratios are presented for two boundary conditions, a fixed- and movable-bed, given the experimental constraints of the intended facility. The scaling ratios for the movable-bed model sediment are relaxed, allowing for the use of typical experimental flows, facilities, and materials. Proposed ELJ designs are based on proven field installations, and these structures also are scaled to natural timber dimensions to be used in the prototype. Preliminary results from these physical models show that (1) ELJs greatly decelerate flow near the structure and accelerate flow in the main portion of the channel, yet spatially averaged flow velocity and depth remain unchanged, (2) derived drag coefficients for the ELJs based on force measurements vary from 0.3 to 0.7 depending on the scaling velocity employed, and (3) while significant localized erosion and deposition occurred in the vicinity of the ELJ, these effects extended well downstream of the structure and across the entire channel. Although physical experimentation using wood is not uncommon, the use of physical scaling theory appears to be employed infrequently, which potentially could limit the applicability of the results obtained. It is envisioned that the procedures outlined here would become more widely used in experimental research of rivers and in river restoration design. (C) 2013 International Association for Hydro-environment Engineering and Research, Asia Pacific Division. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gallisdorfer, Michael S.; Bennett, Sean J.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. [Atkinson, Joseph F.; Ghaneeizad, S. Mohammad] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Civil Struct & Environm Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Brooks, Andrew P.] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Simon, Andrew] CardnoENTRIX, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Langendoen, Eddy J.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Bennett, SJ (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. EM seanb@buffalo.edu OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 FU City of Sioux Falls, SD; USDA-ARS [58-6408-9-346] FX We thank Kevin Cullinan, Tom Gruenauer, and Tim Martz for providing technical assistance during the construction of the flume, Sol Brich for providing much of the background information on the Big Sioux River, and Donghua Cai for helping with the data collection. An earlier version of this paper was reviewed by three anonymous referees and journal editor, who made many helpful suggestions on ways to improve it. This research was financially supported by the City of Sioux Falls, SD, and the USDA-ARS (Specific Research Agreement No. 58-6408-9-346). NR 49 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-6443 EI 1876-4444 J9 J HYDRO-ENVIRON RES JI J. Hydro-environ. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 115 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.jher.2013.10.002 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AK8PV UT WOS:000338691400005 ER PT J AU Kuhnle, RA Wren, DG Langendoen, EJ AF Kuhnle, R. A. Wren, D. G. Langendoen, E. J. TI Predicting bed load transport of sand and gravel on Goodwin Creek SO JOURNAL OF HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Bed load; Grain shear stress; Sand; Gravel ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; CHANNEL; RIVERS; MOTION; FORMULAS; SURFACE; FORMS; MODEL; RATES AB Bed load transport rates are difficult to predict in channels with bed material composed of sand and gravel mixtures. The transport of bed load was measured on Goodwin Creek, and in a laboratory flume channel with a similar bed material size distribution. The range of bed load transport rates measured in the laboratory channel were similar to those measured in the channel of Goodwin Creek; however, the shear stresses calculated on Goodwin Creek were three times greater than in the laboratory channel for similar bed load transport rates. Much of this difference in shear stress was removed by applying the drag partitioning technique of Einstein, although significant differences between the two sets of data remain. Predictions of bed load transport rates using three previously published transport relations were good for most flows for the laboratory data. For the Goodwin Creek bed load data, predicted transport rates were close to measured ones for low flows but diverged by an order of magnitude or more for high shear stresses. Improved methods of shear stress partitioning are needed to improve the performance of bed load transport relations on streams of this type. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kuhnle, R. A.; Wren, D. G.; Langendoen, E. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Kuhnle, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM roger.kuhnle@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-6443 EI 1876-4444 J9 J HYDRO-ENVIRON RES JI J. Hydro-environ. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 153 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jher.2013.11.005 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AK8PV UT WOS:000338691400008 ER PT J AU Wren, DG Langendoen, EJ Kuhnle, RA AF Wren, Daniel G. Langendoen, Eddy J. Kuhnle, Roger A. TI A note on acoustic measurements of turbulence, suspended sediment, and bed forms in mobile-bed experiments SO JOURNAL OF HYDRO-ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Sediment transport; Turbulence; Acoustic backscatter; Acoustic Doppler velocimeter; Suspended-sediment; Bedforms ID BOUNDARY-LAYER; GRAIN-SIZE; SAND; BACKSCATTER; FLOW; PARTICLES; TRANSPORT; BEDFORMS; SOUND; ABSS AB Mobile-bed laboratory measurements allow observation of interactions between turbulent sediment-laden flows and irregular, non-stationary bed topography. Water in mobile-bed experiments is typically clouded by suspended particles, complicating the use of optical and laser based measurement techniques. In such conditions, acoustic techniques can be used to measure turbulence, suspended sediment transport, and bed topography; however, these procedures also have unique challenges. Here, the effect of suspended particles on acoustic Doppler turbulence measurement, the effect of particle size on acoustic measurement of suspended-sediments, and a method for statistically describing bed topography (measured acoustically or otherwise) are addressed. It is found that suspended particles have a small effect on Reynolds stresses measured with an acoustic Doppler velocimeter and that those effects could be minimized by excluding data collected with the highest and lowest acoustic amplitudes. The effect of particle size on acoustic backscatter amplitude is most strongly pronounced for particles smaller than 0.3 mm. Semivariogram analysis is shown to be a viable method for analyzing complex bed topography produced by mobile-bed experiments. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wren, Daniel G.; Langendoen, Eddy J.; Kuhnle, Roger A.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Wren, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, 598 McElroy Dr, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM Daniel.Wren@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-6443 EI 1876-4444 J9 J HYDRO-ENVIRON RES JI J. Hydro-environ. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 8 IS 2 BP 164 EP 173 DI 10.1016/j.jher.2013.11.003 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AK8PV UT WOS:000338691400009 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Newell, TK Verma, SK Calero-Bernal, R Stevens, EL AF Dubey, J. P. Newell, T. K. Verma, S. K. Calero-Bernal, R. Stevens, E. L. TI TOXOPLASMA GONDII INFECTION IN LLAMA (LLAMA GLAMA): ACUTE VISCERAL DISSEMINATED LESIONS, DIAGNOSIS, AND DEVELOPMENT OF TISSUE CYSTS SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEOSPORA-CANINUM; LAMA-GLAMA AB Clinical toxoplasmosis has been reported in many species of warm-blooded animals but is rare in camelids. Here we report acute fatal systemic toxoplasmosis involving heart, thyroid gland, stomach, intestine, diaphragm, kidneys, adrenal glands, and liver of a 13-mo-old llama (Llama glama). Many Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites were associated with tissue necrosis in multiple organs. Death was attributed to severe myocarditis. Ulcers associated with numerous tachyzoites were present in the C3 compartment of the stomach. Tissue cyst development was followed using bradyzoite-specific T. gondii antibodies. Individual intracellular, and groups of 2 or more, bradyzoites were identified in hepatocytes, biliary epithelium, myocardiocytes, lung, diaphragm, thyroid gland, spleen, and stomach. Lesions in the brain were a few microglial nodules and very early tissue cysts containing 1-3 bradyzoites. These observations suggest that the animal had acquired toxoplasmosis recently. Diagnosis was confirmed immunohistochemically by reaction with T. gondii-specific polyclonal rabbit serum but not with antibodies to the related protozoan Neospora caninum. Genetic typing using the DNA extracted from paraffin-embedded myocardium of llama and 10 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers revealed a type II allele at the SAG1, SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, c22-8, c29-2, PK1 L358, and Apico loci; therefore, this isolate belongs to the ToxoDB PCR-RFLP genotype #1, which is most common in North America and Europe. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Verma, S. K.; Calero-Bernal, R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Newell, T. K.] N Dakota State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Stevens, E. L.] Joint Pathol Ctr, Vet Pathol Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 EI 1937-2345 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 100 IS 3 BP 288 EP 294 DI 10.1645/13-427.1 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AK8YP UT WOS:000338715000007 PM 24475973 ER PT J AU Moreau, PA Bellanger, JM Clowez, P Courtecuisse, R Hansen, K Knudsen, H O'Donnell, K Richard, F AF Moreau, Pierre-Arthur Bellanger, Jean-Michel Clowez, Philippe Courtecuisse, Regis Hansen, Karen Knudsen, Henning O'Donnell, Kerry Richard, Franck TI Proposal to conserve the name Morchella semilibera against Phallus crassipes, P. gigas and P. undosus (Ascomycota) SO TAXON LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Moreau, Pierre-Arthur; Courtecuisse, Regis] Univ Lille Nord France, Dept Sci Vegetales & Fong, UFR Pharm, EA 4483, F-59000 Lille, France. [Bellanger, Jean-Michel] Univ Montpellier 2, INSERM, CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier, France. [Hansen, Karen] Swedish Museum Nat Hist, Dept Bot, S-10405 Stockholm, Sweden. [Knudsen, Henning] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [O'Donnell, Kerry] ARS, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Richard, Franck] Univ Montpellier 2, CNRS, CEFE, F-34293 Montpellier, France. RP Moreau, PA (reprint author), Univ Lille Nord France, Dept Sci Vegetales & Fong, UFR Pharm, EA 4483, F-59000 Lille, France. EM pierre-arthur.moreau@wanadoo.fr OI Moreau, Pierre-Arthur/0000-0003-4783-3643 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC PLANT TAXONOMY-IAPT PI BRATISLAVA PA C/O INST BOTANY, SLOVAK ACAD SCIENCES DUBRAVSKA CESTA 9, SK-845 23 BRATISLAVA, SLOVAKIA SN 0040-0262 EI 1996-8175 J9 TAXON JI Taxon PD JUN PY 2014 VL 63 IS 3 BP 677 EP 678 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AK9OE UT WOS:000338755600019 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Lemaire, G Carvalho, PCD Sulc, RM Dedieu, B AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Lemaire, Gilles de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar Sulc, R. Mark Dedieu, Benoit TI Toward agricultural sustainability through integrated crop-livestock systems: Environmental outcomes Introduction SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lemaire, Gilles] INRA, Unite Pluridisciplinaire Prairies & Plantes Fourr, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Sulc, R. Mark] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dedieu, Benoit] INRA Sci Act & Dev, F-63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NCSU Campus,Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov RI de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar/A-7381-2012; Sulc, Reuben/N-3710-2016 OI de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar/0000-0002-7020-3001; Sulc, Reuben/0000-0003-2616-3492 NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 190 SI SI BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.04.028 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK7KG UT WOS:000338606600001 ER PT J AU Lemaire, G Franzluebbers, A Carvalho, PCD Dedieu, B AF Lemaire, Gilles Franzluebbers, Alan de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar Dedieu, Benoit TI Integrated crop-livestock systems: Strategies to achieve synergy between agricultural production and environmental quality SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Biogeochemical cycles; Carbon and nitrogen coupling; Crop-livestock systems; Ecological intensification; Landscape ecology ID RUMINANT PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; WORK ORGANIZATION; SOUTHERN PIEDMONT; SOIL CARBON; DAIRY FARMS; MANAGEMENT; USA; SUSTAINABILITY; PROTECTION; PROVISION AB A need to increase agricultural production across the world for food security appears to be at odds with the urgency to reduce agriculture's negative environmental impacts. We suggest that a cause of this dichotomy is loss of diversity within agricultural systems at field, farm and landscape scales. To increase diversity, local integration of cropping with livestock systems is suggested, which would allow (i) better regulation of biogeochemical cycles and decreased environmental fluxes to the atmosphere and hydrosphere through spatial and temporal interactions among different land-use systems; (ii) a more diversified and structured landscape mosaic that would favor diverse habitats and trophic networks; and (iii) greater flexibility of the whole system to cope with potential socio-economic and climate change induced hazards and crises. The fundamental role of grasslands on the reduction of environmental fluxes to the atmosphere and hydrosphere operates through the coupling of C and N cycles within vegetation, soil organic matter and soil microbial biomass. Therefore, close association of grassland systems with cropping systems should help mitigate negative environmental impacts resulting from intensification of cropping systems and improve the quality of grasslands through periodic renovations. However, much research is needed on designing appropriate spatial and temporal interactions between these systems using contemporary technologies to achieve the greatest benefits in different agro-ecological regions. We postulate that development of modern integrated crop-livestock systems to increase food production at farm and regional levels could be achieved, while improving many ecosystem services. Integrated crop-livestock systems, therefore, could be a key form of ecological intensification needed for achieving future food security and environmental sustainability. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lemaire, Gilles] INRA, Unite Pluridisciplinaire Prairies & Plantes Fourr, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [Franzluebbers, Alan] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Dedieu, Benoit] INRA Sci Act & Dev, F-63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. RP Lemaire, G (reprint author), INRA, Unite Pluridisciplinaire Prairies & Plantes Fourr, F-86600 Lusignan, France. EM gilles.lemaire@lusignan.inra.fr; alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov; paulocfc@ufrgs.br; dedieu@clermont.inra.fr RI de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar/A-7381-2012 OI de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar/0000-0002-7020-3001 NR 49 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 13 U2 125 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 190 SI SI BP 4 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.08.009 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK7KG UT WOS:000338606600002 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Sawchik, J Taboada, MA AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Sawchik, Jorge Taboada, Miguel A. TI Agronomic and environmental impacts of pasture-crop rotations in temperate North and South America SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Crop production; Environmental quality; Integrated crop-livestock systems; Soil organic matter; Soil quality; Tillage ID ORGANIC-CARBON; LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS; NO-TILLAGE; AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS; LONG-TERM; GRASSLAND SOILS; WATER RUNOFF; GRAIN YIELDS; HIGH-PLAINS; CORN-BELT AB Agriculture has become increasingly specialized in response to political, regulatory, sociological, and economic pressures to meet market demands of an ever-larger food and fiber processing sector. However, there is a growing concern with specialized agricultural systems, because of increasingly negative responses on the environment from declining soil quality to eutrophication of water bodies and enhanced greenhouse gas emissions. Literature from North and South America was reviewed that showed (i) strong positive production outcomes of crops grown following pastures, (ii) enhancement of soil organic matter with perennial pastures, particularly in the surface soil, (iii) improvement in water infiltration and water quality, and (iv) synergies between crop and livestock systems in system-wide evaluations of production and environmental quality. Therefore, agricultural soils would benefit from the re-introduction of perennial grasses and legumes into the landscape (i.e. temporally and/or spatially) by regaining soil organic matter and strengthening their capacity for long-term productivity and environmental resiliency. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sawchik, Jorge] Inst Nacl Invest Agr, La Estanzuela, Colonia, Uruguay. [Taboada, Miguel A.] Inst Nacl Tecnol Agr, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Taboada, Miguel A.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3218 Williams Hall,NCSU Campus,Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov NR 90 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 10 U2 66 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 190 SI SI BP 18 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2013.09.017 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK7KG UT WOS:000338606600004 ER PT J AU Assmann, TS de Bortolli, MA Assmann, AL Soares, AB Pitta, CSR Franzluebbers, AJ Glienke, CL Assmann, JM AF Assmann, Tangriani Simioni de Bortolli, Marcos Antonio Assmann, Alceu Luiz Soares, Andre Brugnara Rocha Pitta, Christiano Santos Franzluebbers, Alan J. Glienke, Carine Lisete Assmann, Joice Mari TI Does cattle grazing of dual-purpose wheat accelerate the rate of stubble decomposition and nutrients released? SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Decomposition; Dual-purpose wheat; Grazing; Litter bag; No tillage; Soybean ID LITTER DECOMPOSITION; NITROGEN RELEASE; COVER CROPS; GRASSES; MINERALIZATION; GRASSLAND; HERBIVORY; ECOSYSTEM; QUALITY; MAIZE AB Decomposition and nutrient release of winter annual forages in integrated crop-livestock systems could be affected by the resultant alterations in structure and quality of residues caused by grazing, but little information is available to test this hypothesis. Information on residue dynamics is needed to synchronize nutrient release from cover-crop litter to cash-crop nutrient demand and to overcome potential deficiencies with appropriate fertilization strategies. We evaluated the influence of different grazing period lengths (0, 21, 42, 63, 85, and 105 days) of dual-purpose wheat (Triticum aestivum L) pasture on the release rate of N, P, K, Ca, and Mg from decomposing wheat straw in a field experiment at the Agronomic Institute of Parana, Brazil. Wheat litter decomposition and nutrient release were assessed with litter bags placed at the soil surface in a completely randomized design with seven collection periods (0, 15, 35, 63, 98, 139, and 196 days) during the subsequent growth of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Wheat residue decomposition and nutrient release followed an exponential function with time. Enhanced decomposition of wheat residue with previous grazing did occur, but the influence was relatively small (range of 6-11% greater release, except for 4% inhibition of K). In integrated crop-livestock systems, the effect of residual forage mass at the cessation of the grazing season (structure) would have much greater impact on nutrient cycling than composition of plant litter (quality). Nutrient cycling via animal excrement was not investigated, but was considered another significant mechanism for enhanced nutrient cycling with integrated crop-livestock systems. Grazing of wheat tended to have negative consequences on soybean grain yield, declining 9 kg ha(-1) for every day of grazing (i.e. 19% lower yield at 105 days of grazing compared with no grazing). Minor changes in nutrient release dynamics can be expected with grazing of winter cover crops, but these changes are important for managing nutrients in integrated crop-livestock systems. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Assmann, Tangriani Simioni; de Bortolli, Marcos Antonio; Soares, Andre Brugnara; Glienke, Carine Lisete] Univ Fed Parana, Postgrad Program Agron Technol, BR-85503390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil. [Assmann, Alceu Luiz; Assmann, Joice Mari] Agron Inst Parana IAPAR, Paranavai, PR, Brazil. [Rocha Pitta, Christiano Santos] Fed Inst Parana, Regiao Norte, PR, Brazil. [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP de Bortolli, MA (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Postgrad Program Agron Technol, Via Conhecimento,Km 01, BR-85503390 Pato Branco, PR, Brazil. EM tangriani@utfpr.edu.br NR 36 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8809 EI 1873-2305 J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 190 SI SI BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.agee.2014.01.011 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK7KG UT WOS:000338606600006 ER PT J AU Cary, SC Coyne, KJ Rueckert, A Wood, SA Kelly, S Gemmill, CEC Vieglais, C Hicks, BJ AF Cary, S. Craig Coyne, Kathryn J. Rueckert, Andreas Wood, Susanna A. Kelly, Sarah Gemmill, Chrissen E. C. Vieglais, Christina Hicks, Brendan J. TI Development and validation of a quantitative PCR assay for the early detection and monitoring of the invasive diatom Didymosphenia geminata SO HARMFUL ALGAE LA English DT Article DE Detection and quantification; Didymosphenia geminata; Invasive diatom; Montoring and surveillance; QPCR ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; FRESH-WATER; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; PFIESTERIA-PISCICIDA; DNA; BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; GENE; VARIABILITY; STANDARD; ECOLOGY AB Didymosphenia geminata is a large, invasive, freshwater diatom that can produce distinctive and robust mucilaginous stalks. Over the last two decades, there has been a worldwide increase in the distribution and severity of D. geminata blooms. These dense, persistent blooms can have severe impacts on native species and ecosystem functioning. D. geminata is usually identified by microscopic methods that are time consuming, resource intensive, and dependent upon expert taxonomic identification, so the extent of surveillance programs has been limited. As an alternative, we have developed a TaqMan quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) assay for sensitive and rapid detection and enumeration of D. geminata in environmental samples. Species-specific QPCR primers and probe were designed by aligning the D. geminata 18S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence with closely related diatoms. The QPCR assay was linear (R2 = 1.00) over a detection range of eight orders of magnitude with a lower limit of approximately two D. geminata cells. QPCR analysis of environmental samples employed the comparative cycle threshold (CT)-method with an exogenous plasmid used as an internal reference standard. The assay was evaluated using samples collected during a survey of D. geminata in three rivers in the South Island, New Zealand, and from 13 international locations where D. geminata is known to be present. Positive QPCR amplifications were confirmed as the correct amplification product through direct DNA sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences suggests that D. geminata is more closely related to species in the family Cymbellaceae rather than Gomphonemataceae as currently classified. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Cary, S. Craig; Rueckert, Andreas; Wood, Susanna A.; Gemmill, Chrissen E. C.; Hicks, Brendan J.] Univ Waikato, Fac Sci & Engn, Sch Sci, Environm Res Inst, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand. [Cary, S. Craig; Coyne, Kathryn J.; Kelly, Sarah] Univ Delaware, Coll Earth Ocean & Environm, Lewes, DE 19958 USA. [Wood, Susanna A.] Cawthron Inst, Nelson 7042, New Zealand. [Vieglais, Christina] USDA, Environm Risk Anal Programs, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Cary, SC (reprint author), Univ Waikato, Fac Sci & Engn, Sch Sci, Environm Res Inst, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 3240, New Zealand. EM c.cary@waikato.ac.nz OI Cary, Stephen/0000-0002-2876-2387; Coyne, Kathryn/0000-0001-8846-531X FU Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry's Biosecurity New Zealand; University of Waikato FX This project was supported by grants from the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry's Biosecurity New Zealand and the University of Waikato to SCC and BJH. Support also came from the State of Connecticut's Department of Agriculture to KJC. We thank the many individuals in New Zealand and overseas who have collected samples used in the study, especially Cathy Kilroy (NIWA) and field officers from Fish and Game New Zealand. Naomi Crawford and Catherine Barnett provided technical assistance during development of the QPCR assay and Nick Demetras provided additional comments on the manuscript.[SS] NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9883 EI 1878-1470 J9 HARMFUL ALGAE JI Harmful Algae PD JUN PY 2014 VL 36 BP 63 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.hal.2014.04.003 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AK7QJ UT WOS:000338622500007 ER PT J AU Sampedro, F Fan, XT AF Sampedro, Fernando Fan, Xuetong TI Inactivation kinetics and photoreactivation of vegetable oxidative enzymes after combined UV-C and thermal processing SO INNOVATIVE FOOD SCIENCE & EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE UV irradiation; Photoreacdvation; Orange juice; Peroxidase; Lipoxygenase; Polyphenoloxidase ID PULSED ELECTRIC-FIELDS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; PECTIN METHYL ESTERASE; HIGH-PRESSURE; TOMATO LIPOXYGENASE; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; APPLE CIDER; JUICE; PEROXIDASE; LIGHT AB The inactivation kinetics of lipoxygenase (LOX), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) in phosphate buffer (pH 4.0 and 7.0) treated by combined thermal (25-65 degrees C) and UV-C (1-10 min) processes were fitted using a traditional first-order kinetics model and the Weibull distribution function. For complete inactivation, a treatment at 65 degrees C for 7.5-10 min for LOX, POD and PPO at pH 7.0 and 45 degrees C for 5-7.5 min for POD and PPO at pH 4.0 was necessary. Deviations from the log-linear behavior were observed by the appearance of shoulders, tails or both (sigmoidal). The traditional log-linear model failed to characterize the UV treatment effectively due to the under- and overestimation of enzyme inactivation. The Weibull model was better able to explain the nature of the UV treatment. The extent of enzyme inactivation was less in orange juice due to the greater absorbance of the juice in the UV-C range. In general, activities of residual enzymes after UV-C treatment did not recover after storage for 24 h at refrigeration conditions with or without light exposure. The proposed combination of thermal and UV-C processing was able to improve the stability of the treated samples. Industrial relevance: UV irradiation has demonstrated to be an effective technology to decontaminate surfaces and reduce microbial load of liquid food in a low cost, simple and chemical-free manner. However, its application in the pasteurization of liquid food needs to be validated against achieving an adequate enzymatic stability. A kinetic study on the inactivation of quality-related enzymes (peroxidase, lipoxygenase and polyphenoloxidase) after the combined thermal and UV-C processing (25-65 degrees C for 1-10 min) was conducted. The combined treatment (45-65 degrees C for 5 min) was able to achieve a complete reduction of enzymatic activity. The extent of enzyme inactivation was less in orange juice due to the greater absorbance of the matrix. Enzymes were irreversibly inactivated and enzyme activities did not recover after storage. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Sampedro, Fernando] Univ Minnesota, Vet Populat Med Dept, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Anim Hlth & Food Safety, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sampedro, Fernando; Fan, Xuetong] ARS, Eastem Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Fan, XT (reprint author), ARS, Eastem Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM xuetong.fan@ars.usda.gov FU Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (FECYT) from the Ministerio de Innovacion y Ciencia from Spain FX The authors are grateful to the Fundacion Espanola para la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (FECYT) from the Ministerio de Innovacion y Ciencia from Spain for providing the postdoctoral grant to Dr. Fernando Sampedro. The authors acknowledge Drs. Gerald Sapers and John Phillips for their helpful review of the final draft. The authors also want to acknowledge Dr. Kathleen Rajkowski, Ms. Jennifer Cassidy and Ms. Kimberly Sokorai for providing technical assistance with the UV unit and the analytical methods. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1466-8564 EI 1878-5522 J9 INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG JI Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 23 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.ifset.2014.02.007 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AK7OG UT WOS:000338617000013 ER PT J AU Zernova, OV Lygin, AV Pawlowski, ML Hill, CB Hartman, GL Widholm, JM Lozovaya, VV AF Zernova, Olga V. Lygin, Anatoli V. Pawlowski, Michelle L. Hill, Curtis B. Hartman, Glen L. Widholm, Jack M. Lozovaya, Vera V. TI Regulation of Plant Immunity through Modulation of Phytoalexin Synthesis SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE soybean; hairy roots; transformation; phytoalexins; resveratrol; pterostilbene; glyceollins ID STILBENE SYNTHASE GENE; SOYBEAN HAIRY ROOTS; DISEASE RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; PHENOLIC METABOLISM; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; RESVERATROL; BIOSYNTHESIS; EXPRESSION AB Soybean hairy roots transformed with the resveratrol synthase and resveratrol oxymethyl transferase genes driven by constitutive Arabidopsis actin and CsVMV promoters were characterized. Transformed hairy roots accumulated glycoside conjugates of the stilbenic compound resveratrol and the related compound pterostilbene, which are normally not synthesized by soybean plants. Expression of the non-native stilbenic phytoalexin synthesis in soybean hairy roots increased their resistance to the soybean pathogen Rhizoctonia solani. The expression of the AhRS3 gene resulted in 20% to 50% decreased root necrosis compared to that of untransformed hairy roots. The expression of two genes, the AhRS3 and ROMT, required for pterostilbene synthesis in soybean, resulted in significantly lower root necrosis (ranging from 0% to 7%) in transgenic roots than in untransformed hairy roots that had about 84% necrosis. Overexpression of the soybean prenyltransferase (dimethylallyltransferase) G4DT gene in soybean hairy roots increased accumulation of the native phytoalexin glyceollin resulting in decreased root necrosis. C1 [Zernova, Olga V.; Lygin, Anatoli V.; Pawlowski, Michelle L.; Hill, Curtis B.; Widholm, Jack M.; Lozovaya, Vera V.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hartman, Glen L.] Univ Illinois, ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Lozovaya, VV (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, 1201 W Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM zernova@illinois.edu; lygin@illinois.edu; mpawlow4@gmail.com; curthill@illinois.edu; ghartman@illinois.edu; widholm@illinois.edu; lozovaya@illinois.edu FU United Soybean Board, USB Project [1272]; USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Hatch project [ILLH-802-309, 802-352] FX This work was supported by funds from the United Soybean Board, USB Project #1272 and the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Hatch project number ILLH-802-309 and 802-352. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 22 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD JUN PY 2014 VL 19 IS 6 BP 7480 EP 7496 DI 10.3390/molecules19067480 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AK7DP UT WOS:000338586700035 PM 24914895 ER PT J AU Nowotarska, SW Nowotarski, KJ Friedman, M Situ, C AF Nowotarska, Stella W. Nowotarski, Krzysztof J. Friedman, Mendel Situ, Chen TI Effect of Structure on the Interactions between Five Natural Antimicrobial Compounds and Phospholipids of Bacterial Cell Membrane on Model Monolayers SO MOLECULES LA English DT Article DE natural antimicrobials; phospholipid monolayers; langmuir balance; isotherm; surface potential; antimicrobial mechanisms ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; LANGMUIR MONOLAYERS; SUBPHASE DISTURBANT; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; STEROLS CHOLESTEROL; LACTOBACILLUS-SAKEI; LIPID MONOLAYERS. AB Monolayers composed of bacterial phospholipids were used as model membranes to study interactions of the naturally occurring phenolic compounds 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and 2-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde, and the plant essential oil compounds carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and geraniol, previously found to be active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic microorganisms. The lipid monolayers consist of 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE), 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phospho-(1'-rac-glycerol) (DPPG), and 1,1', 2,2'-tetratetradecanoyl cardiolipin (cardiolipin). Surface pressure-area (p-A) and surface potential-area (Delta psi-A) isotherms were measured to monitor changes in the thermodynamic and physical properties of the lipid monolayers. Results of the study indicated that the five compounds modified the three lipid monolayer structures by integrating into the monolayer, forming aggregates of antimicrobial -lipid complexes, reducing the packing effectiveness of the lipids, increasing the membrane fluidity, and altering the total dipole moment in the monolayer membrane model. The interactions of the five antimicrobial compounds with bacterial phospholipids depended on both the structure of the antimicrobials and the composition of the monolayers. The observed experimental results provide insight into the mechanism of the molecular interactions between naturally-occurring antimicrobial compounds and phospholipids of the bacterial cell membrane that govern activities. C1 [Nowotarska, Stella W.; Situ, Chen] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Global Food Secur, Belfast BT9 5AG, Antrim, North Ireland. [Nowotarski, Krzysztof J.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Ctr Med Biol, Belfast BT9 7BL, Antrim, North Ireland. [Friedman, Mendel] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Situ, C (reprint author), Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Global Food Secur, David Keir Bldg,Stranmillis Rd, Belfast BT9 5AG, Antrim, North Ireland. EM snowotar@hotmail.co.uk; krzysztof.nowotarski@coventry.ac.uk; mendel.friedman@ars.usda.gov; c.situ@qub.ac.uk OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 FU Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom FX Stella Wong Nowotarska is the recipient of a Research Studentship from Queen's University Belfast, United Kingdom. We thank Carol E. Levin for facilitating preparation of the final draft of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 6 U2 31 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD JUN PY 2014 VL 19 IS 6 BP 7497 EP 7515 DI 10.3390/molecules19067497 PG 19 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA AK7DP UT WOS:000338586700036 PM 24914896 ER PT J AU Cowie, J Bilek, EM Wegner, TH Shatkin, JA AF Cowie, John Bilek, E. M. (Ted) Wegner, Theodore H. Shatkin, Jo Anne TI Market projections of cellulose nanomaterial-enabled products - Part 2: Volume estimates SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Nanocellulose has enormous potential to provide an important materials platform in numerous product sectors. This study builds on previous work by the same authors in which likely high-volume, low-volume, and novel applications for cellulosic nanomaterials were identified. In particular, this study creates a transparent methodology and estimates the potential annual tonnage requirements for nanocellulose in the previously identified applications in the United States (U. S.). High, average, and low market penetration estimates are provided for each application. Published data sources of materials use in the various applications provide the basis for estimating nanocellulose market size. Annual U. S. market potential for high-volume applications of nanocellulose is estimated at 6 million metric tons, based on current markets and middle market penetration estimates. The largest uses for nanocellulose are projected to be in packaging (2.0 million metric tons), paper (1.5 million metric tons), and plastic film applications (0.7 million metric tons). Cement has a potential nanocellulose market size of over 4 million metric tons on a global basis, but the U. S. market share estimated for cement is 21,000 metric tons, assuming market penetration is initially limited to the ultra-high performance concrete market. Total annual consumption of nanocellulose for low-volume applications is less than 10% of the high-volume applications. Estimates for nanocellulose use in emerging novel applications were not made because these applications generally have yet to come to market. The study found that the majority of the near-term market potential for nanocellulose appears to be in its fibrillar versus crystalline form. Market size estimates exceed three prior estimates for nanocellulose applications, but the methodologies for those studies are not transparent. C1 [Cowie, John] Cowie & Co, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Bilek, E. M. (Ted); Wegner, Theodore H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Shatkin, Jo Anne] Vireo Advisors, Boston, MA USA. RP Cowie, J (reprint author), Cowie & Co, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. EM jashatkin@gmail.com FU U.S. Forest Products Laboratory FX This work was partially funded by the U.S. Forest Products Laboratory with in-kind contributions from all authors. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU TECH ASSOC PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 USA SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 13 IS 6 BP 57 EP 69 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA AK6AM UT WOS:000338509500007 ER PT J AU Wiggins, GJ Grant, JF Lambdin, PL Merten, P Nix, KA Hadziabdic, D Windham, MT AF Wiggins, Gregory J. Grant, Jerome F. Lambdin, Paris L. Merten, Paul Nix, Katheryne A. Hadziabdic, Denita Windham, Mark T. TI Discovery of Walnut Twig Beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, Associated with Forested Black Walnut, Juglans nigra, in the Eastern U.S. SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE walnut twig beetle; Pityophthorus juglandis; Geosmithia morbida; thousand cankers disease; black walnut; Juglans nigra ID THOUSAND CANKERS DISEASE AB Thousand cankers disease (TCD) is an insect-mediated disease of walnut trees (Juglans spp.) involving walnut twig beetle (Pityophthorus juglandis) and a fungal pathogen (Geosmithia morbida). Although first documented on walnut species in the western U. S., TCD is now found on black walnut (J. nigra) in five states in the eastern U. S. Most collections of P. juglandis or G. morbida are from trees in agriculturally-or residentially-developed landscapes. In 2013, 16 pheromone-baited funnel traps were deployed in or near black walnuts in forested conditions to assess the risk of infestation of forested trees by P. juglandis. Four of the 16 funnel traps collected adult P. juglandis from three forested areas (one in North Carolina and two in Tennessee). These collections, while in forested settings, may still be strongly influenced by human activities. The greatest number of P. juglandis (n = 338) was collected from a forested location in an urbanized area near a known TCD-positive tree. The other two forested locations where P. juglandis (n = 3) was collected were in areas where camping is common, and infested firewood may have introduced P. juglandis unintentionally into the area. Future studies to assess P. juglandis on more isolated forested walnuts are planned. C1 [Wiggins, Gregory J.; Grant, Jerome F.; Lambdin, Paris L.; Nix, Katheryne A.; Hadziabdic, Denita; Windham, Mark T.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Merten, Paul] Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, USDA, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. RP Wiggins, GJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 2505 EJ Chapman Dr,370 Plant Biotechnol Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM wiggybug@utk.edu; jgrant@utk.edu; plambdin@utk.edu; pmerten@fs.fed.us; kavery3@utk.edu; dhadziab@utk.edu; mwindham@utk.edu FU USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX We thank Donald Bright and Whitney Cranshaw, Colorado State University, for confirmation of identifications of P. juglandis. We thank Bryhana Adams, Dixie Daniels, Renee Follum, Danny Joe Johnson, Robert Lord, and David Paulsen for assistance with deploying, monitoring, and processing traps. We thank Drew Crain, Maryville College, Jack Muncy, Tennessee Valley Authority, Brook Smith, Tennessee Division of Forestry, and Glenn Taylor and Jesse Webster, Great Smoky Mountains National Park, for assistance with determining trapping locations and coordination of trapping efforts. This research was partially funded by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station. NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 25 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1185 EP 1193 DI 10.3390/f5061185 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AK1RI UT WOS:000338192900004 ER PT J AU Kramer, HA Collins, BM Kelly, M Stephens, SL AF Kramer, Heather A. Collins, Brandon M. Kelly, Maggi Stephens, Scott L. TI Quantifying Ladder Fuels: A New Approach Using LiDAR SO FORESTS LA English DT Article DE LiDAR; ladder fuel; Sierra Nevada; forest structure ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; HALEPENSIS MILL. FORESTS; PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; FIRE SEVERITY; CANOPY STRUCTURE; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; DRY FORESTS AB We investigated the relationship between LiDAR and ladder fuels in the northern Sierra Nevada, California USA. Ladder fuels are often targeted in hazardous fuel reduction treatments due to their role in propagating fire from the forest floor to tree crowns. Despite their importance, ladder fuels are difficult to quantify. One common approach is to calculate canopy base height, but this has many potential sources of error. LiDAR may be a way forward to better characterize ladder fuels, but has only been used to address this question peripherally and in only a few instances. After establishing that landscape fuel treatments reduced canopy and ladder fuels at our site, we tested which LiDAR-derived metrics best differentiated treated from untreated areas. The percent cover between 2 and 4 m had the most explanatory power to distinguish treated from untreated pixels across a range of spatial scales. When compared to independent plot-based measures of ladder fuel classes, this metric differentiated between high and low levels of ladder fuels. These findings point to several immediate applications for land managers and suggest new avenues of study that could lead to possible improvements in the way that we model wildfire behavior across forested landscapes in the US. C1 [Kramer, Heather A.; Kelly, Maggi; Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Ecosyst Sci Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ Calif Ctr Fire Res & Outreach, Coll Nat Resources, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Kramer, HA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Ecosyst Sci Div, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM anu.kramer@berkeley.edu; bcollins@berkeley.edu; maggi@berkeley.edu; sstephens@berkeley.edu OI Kelly, Nina Maggi/0000-0002-0198-2822 FU National Science Foundation [DGE 1106400]; UC Berkeley library FX We thank the Plumas National Forest for allowing us to use their LiDAR dataset. Thanks to Bridget Tracey, Nick Delaney, and the Treated Stand Structure Monitoring crew for collecting field data. We especially thank the Plumas National Forest's silviculturist, Ryan Tompkins, for assisting with questions about specific treatments. Thanks also to Van Kane for early advice on planning the aim of this project and, in conjunction with Robert McGaughey, assisting us with the LiDAR-processing program, FUSION. Joan Canfield and anonymous referees contributed comments that improved this paper. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. DGE 1106400. Thanks also to the Berkeley Research Impact Initiative grant, sponsored by the UC Berkeley library, for covering publication fees. NR 70 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 26 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1432 EP 1453 DI 10.3390/f5061432 PG 22 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AK1RI UT WOS:000338192900018 ER PT J AU Xu, LY Hon, YL Bickhart, DM Song, JZ Van Tassell, CP Sonstegard, TS Liu, GE AF Xu, Lingyang Hon, Yali Bickhart, Derek M. Song, Jiuzhou Van Tassell, Curtis P. Sonstegard, Tad S. Liu, George E. TI A genome-wide survey reveals a deletion polymorphism associated with resistance to gastrointestinal nematodes in Angus cattle SO FUNCTIONAL & INTEGRATIVE GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Copy number variation (CNV); Gastrointestinal nematodes; Association ID COPY NUMBER VARIATION; GENETICALLY RESISTANT; EXPRESSION; SHEEP; INFECTION; GENES; ARRAY; GUT; QTL AB Gastrointestinal (GI) nematode infections are a worldwide threat to human health and animal production. In this study, we performed a genome-wide association study between copy number variations (CNVs) and resistance to GI nematodes in an Angus cattle population. Using a linear regression analysis, we identified one deletion CNV which reaches genome-wide significance after Bonferroni correction. With multiple mapped human olfactory receptor genes but no annotated bovine genes in the region, this significantly associated CNV displays high population frequencies (58.26 %) with a length of 104.8 kb on chr7. We further investigated the linkage disequilibrium (LD) relationships between this CNV and its nearby single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genes. The underlining haplotype blocks contain immune-related genes such as ZNF496 and NLRP3. As this CNV co-segregates with linked SNPs and associated genes, we suspect that it could contribute to the detected variations in gene expression and thus differences in host parasite resistance. C1 [Xu, Lingyang; Van Tassell, Curtis P.; Sonstegard, Tad S.; Liu, George E.] ARS, GEL Bovine Funct Genom Lab, BARC, USDA,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Xu, Lingyang; Song, Jiuzhou] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hon, Yali] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Genom, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Bickhart, Derek M.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, BARC, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Liu, GE (reprint author), ARS, GEL Bovine Funct Genom Lab, BARC, USDA,BARC East, Bldg 306,Room 111, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM george.liu@ars.usda.gov OI Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087; Bickhart, Derek/0000-0003-2223-9285 FU AFRI, USDA NIFA [2011-67015-30183] FX We thank Reuben Anderson and Alexandre Dimitriv for their technical assistance. This work was supported in part by AFRI grant no. 2011-67015-30183 from USDA NIFA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1438-793X EI 1438-7948 J9 FUNCT INTEGR GENOMIC JI Funct. Integr. Genomics PD JUN PY 2014 VL 14 IS 2 BP 333 EP 339 DI 10.1007/s10142-014-0371-6 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AK1SZ UT WOS:000338197800006 PM 24718732 ER PT J AU Lawless, N Reinhardt, TA Bryan, K Baker, M Pesch, B Zimmerman, D Zuelke, K Sonstegard, T O'Farrelly, C Lippolis, JD Lynn, DJ AF Lawless, Nathan Reinhardt, Timothy A. Bryan, Kenneth Baker, Mike Pesch, Bruce Zimmerman, Duane Zuelke, Kurt Sonstegard, Tad O'Farrelly, Cliona Lippolis, John D. Lynn, David J. TI MicroRNA Regulation of Bovine Monocyte Inflammatory and Metabolic Networks in an In Vivo Infection Model SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE infection; innate immunity; RNAseq; microRNA; transcriptional networks; complex genetics; tolerance; complex immunity; resistance ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI INFECTION; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; STREPTOCOCCUS-UBERIS; MAMMARY-GLAND; GENE-EXPRESSION; DAIRY-COWS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; INTRAMAMMARY INFECTION; DEPENDENT INDUCTION AB Bovine mastitis is an inflammation-driven disease of the bovine mammary gland that costs the global dairy industry several billion dollars per year. Because disease susceptibility is a multifactorial complex phenotype, an integrative biology approach is required to dissect the molecular networks involved. Here, we report such an approach using next-generation sequencing combined with advanced network and pathway biology methods to simultaneously profile mRNA and miRNA expression at multiple time points (0, 12, 24, 36 and 48 hr) in milk and blood FACS-isolated CD14(+) monocytes from animals infected in vivo with Streptococcus uberis. More than 3700 differentially expressed (DE) genes were identified in milk-isolated monocytes (MIMs), a key immune cell recruited to the site of infection during mastitis. Upregulated genes were significantly enriched for inflammatory pathways, whereas downregulated genes were enriched for nonglycolytic metabolic pathways. Monocyte transcriptional changes in the blood, however, were more subtle but highlighted the impact of this infection systemically. Genes upregulated in blood-isolated monocytes (BIMs) showed a significant association with interferon and chemokine signaling. Furthermore, 26 miRNAs were DE in MIMs and three were DE in BIMs. Pathway analysis revealed that predicted targets of downregulated miRNAs were highly enriched for roles in innate immunity (FDR < 3.4E-8), particularly TLR signaling, whereas upregulated miRNAs preferentially targeted genes involved in metabolism. We conclude that during S. uberis infection miRNAs are key amplifiers of monocyte inflammatory response networks and repressors of several metabolic pathways. C1 [Lawless, Nathan; Bryan, Kenneth; Lynn, David J.] TEAGASC, Anim & Biosci Res Dept, Anim & Grassland Res & Innovat Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland. [Lawless, Nathan; O'Farrelly, Cliona] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Biochem & Immunol, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Reinhardt, Timothy A.; Pesch, Bruce; Zimmerman, Duane; Lippolis, John D.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Baker, Mike] Iowa State Univ, DNA Facil, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Zuelke, Kurt] CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, East Geelong, Vic 3219, Australia. [Sonstegard, Tad] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lynn, DJ (reprint author), TEAGASC, Anim & Biosci Res Dept, Anim & Grassland Res & Innovat Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland. EM john.lippolis@ars.usda.gov; david.lynn@teagasc.ie RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009; OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509; Bryan, Kenneth/0000-0002-9550-8354 FU Teagasc RMIS [6018]; United States Department of Agriculture ARS [3625-32000-102-00]; Teagasc Walsh Fellowship FX We thank Randy Atchison, Derrel Hoy, Tern Nyholm, Adrienne Staple, Jen Jones, and Paul Amundson for excellent technical help. We also thank Professor Luke O'Neill for his correspondence. N.L., TAR, J.D.L., and D.J.L. conceived and designed the experiments. N.L., B.P., D.Z., and J.D.L. performed the experiments. M.B. performed library preparation and sequencing. N.L., K.B., C.O.F., and D.J.L. analyzed and interpreted the data N.L. and D.J.L. wrote the paper (with input from C.O.F., T.S., T.A.R, K.Z., and J.D.L.). All authors reviewed the final draft of the paper. The authors have declared that no conflicting interests exist. This study was funded in part by Teagasc RMIS 6018 and United States Department of Agriculture ARS funding 3625-32000-102-00. N.L. is supported by a Teagasc Walsh Fellowship. NR 88 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 15 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 6 BP 957 EP 971 DI 10.1534/g3.113.009936 PG 15 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AJ9NN UT WOS:000338038600003 PM 24470219 ER PT J AU Weller, TJ Thomas, SC Baldwin, JA AF Weller, Theodore J. Thomas, Shawn C. Baldwin, James A. TI Use of Long-Term Opportunistic Surveys to Estimate Trends in Abundance of Hibernating Townsend's Big-Eared Bats SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bats; cave; Corynorhinus townsendii; hibernation; monitoring; population; winter ID WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; POPULATION-GROWTH; CORYNORHINUS; DISEASE AB The advent of broad-scale threats to bats such as white-nose syndrome and climate change highlights the need for reliable baseline assessment of their populations. However, few long-term, rigorously designed assessments of bat populations exist, particularly in western North America. Consequently, results of informal monitoring efforts are often the only data available upon which to base population assessments. We evaluated whether an opportunistic collection of surveys recorded over a 22-y period could be used to assess population trend of Townsend's big-eared bats (Corynorhinus townsendii) at Lava Beds National Monument in northern California. We used records of counts of hibernating bats conducted during 1991-2012 to estimate the number of bats in 52 individual caves as well as cumulatively. Seventeen of 22 caves surveyed in four or more years had an increasing trend in the number of hibernating bats. We estimated the cumulative annual growth rate over the period to be 1.79%. Stable or increasing number of hibernating Townsend's big-eared bats may be a result of management actions taken to limit disturbance of bats during maternity and hibernation seasons. We found no evidence that annual counts depressed the number of hibernating bats, thereby broadening monitoring options and the ability to link population trends to extrinsic factors. Our results demonstrate that opportunistically collected, long-term data sets may be useful for establishing first approximations of population trends for bats. C1 [Weller, Theodore J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Thomas, Shawn C.] Carlsbad Caverns Natl Pk, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. [Baldwin, James A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94706 USA. RP Weller, TJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM tweller@fs.fed.us NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 26 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 1 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.3996/022014-JFWM-012 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK5AT UT WOS:000338436900006 ER PT J AU Hand, BK Chen, SY Anderson, N Beja-Pereira, A Cross, PC Ebinger, M Edwards, H Garrott, RA Kardos, MD Kauffman, M Landguth, EL Middleton, A Scurlock, B White, PJ Zager, P Schwartz, MK Luikart, G AF Hand, Brian K. Chen, Shanyuan Anderson, Neil Beja-Pereira, Albano Cross, Paul C. Ebinger, Michael Edwards, Hank Garrott, Robert A. Kardos, Marty D. Kauffman, Matt Landguth, Erin L. Middleton, Arthur Scurlock, Brandon White, P. J. Zager, Pete Schwartz, Michael K. Luikart, Gordon TI Sex-Biased Gene Flow Among Elk in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem SO JOURNAL OF FISH AND WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Cervus elephus; female philopatry; genetic population structure; Yellowstone National Park ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; RED DEER; DIFFERENTIATION; DISPERSAL; DIVERSITY; SOFTWARE; DISTANCE; RESCUE AB We quantified patterns of population genetic structure to help understand gene flow among elk populations across the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We sequenced 596 base pairs of the mitochondrial control region of 380 elk from eight populations. Analysis revealed high mitochondrial DNA variation within populations, averaging 13.0 haplotypes with high mean gene diversity (0.85). The genetic differentiation among populations for mitochondrial DNA was relatively high (F-ST = 0.161; P = 0.001) compared to genetic differentiation for nuclear microsatellite data (F-ST = 0.002; P = 0.332), which suggested relatively low female gene flow among populations. The estimated ratio of male to female gene flow (m(m)/m(f) = 46) was among the highest we have seen reported for large mammals. Genetic distance (for mitochondrial DNA pairwise FST) was not significantly correlated with geographic (Euclidean) distance between populations (Mantel's r = 0.274, P = 0.168). Large mitochondrial DNA genetic distances (e.g., F-ST >0.2) between some of the geographically closest populations (<65 km) suggested behavioral factors and/or landscape features might shape female gene flow patterns. Given the strong sex-biased gene flow, future research and conservation efforts should consider the sexes separately when modeling corridors of gene flow or predicting spread of maternally transmitted diseases. The growing availability of genetic data to compare male vs. female gene flow provides many exciting opportunities to explore the magnitude, causes, and implications of sex-biased gene flow likely to occur in many species. C1 [Hand, Brian K.; Kardos, Marty D.; Landguth, Erin L.; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Hand, Brian K.; Kardos, Marty D.] Univ Montana, Montana Ecol Infect Dis Integrat Grad Educ & Res, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Chen, Shanyuan; Beja-Pereira, Albano; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Porto CIBIO UP, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal. [Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Ebinger, Michael; Garrott, Robert A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [White, P. J.] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Natl Pk, Mammoth, WY 82190 USA. [Edwards, Hank] Wildlife Dis Lab, Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Kauffman, Matt; Middleton, Arthur] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Anderson, Neil] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Zager, Pete] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA. [Scurlock, Brandon] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA. RP Hand, BK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM brian.hand@umontana.edu RI Chen, Shanyuan/C-8003-2011; Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014; Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012; Beja-Pereira, Albano/B-3681-2008 OI Chen, Shanyuan/0000-0002-9524-9428; Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367; Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213; Beja-Pereira, Albano/0000-0002-1607-7382 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0723928, DEB-1258203, DEB-1067613, DGE-0504628, RAG DEB-0716188]; US National Park Service (USA); Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) [PTDC/BIA-BDE/65625/2006]; Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation; Wyoming Animal Damage Management Board; Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition FX The University of Washington High Throughput Sequencing Center (HTSeq) provided mtDNA sequencing, and K. Pilgrim helped isolate DNA and genotype microsatellites. Fred W. Allendorf provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this paper. Peter Smouse provided helpful advice on interpreting measures of genetic differentiation and computing confidence intervals. Two anonymous reviewers and the Subject Editor provided helpful reviews and comments. National Science Foundation grants supported GL and PC (DEB-0723928, DEB-1258203, DEB-1067613), BKH and MK (DGE-0504628, and RAG DEB-0716188). GL was also supported by grants from the US National Park Service (USA) and a grant (PTDC/BIA-BDE/65625/2006) from the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT). ADM and MJK were supported by grants from the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, the Wyoming Animal Damage Management Board, and the Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 20 PU U S FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE PI SHEPHERDSTOWN PA NATL CONSERVATION TRAINING CENTER, CONSERVATION LIBRARY, 698 CONSERVATION WAY, SHEPHERDSTOWN, WV 25443 USA SN 1944-687X J9 J FISH WILDL MANAG JI J. Fish Wildl. Manag. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 1 BP 124 EP 132 DI 10.3996/022012-JFWM-017 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AK5AT UT WOS:000338436900012 ER PT J AU Srygley, RB AF Srygley, Robert B. TI Effects of temperature and moisture on Mormon cricket reproduction with implications for responses to climate change SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Drought; Global warming; Katydid; Maternal effect; Plasticity; Rearing ID EUROPEAN TETTIGONIIDAE INSECTA; PLURENNIAL LIFE-CYCLES; ORTHOPTERA; ECOSYSTEM AB During the last decade, populations of flightless Mormon crickets Anabrus simplex (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) increased suddenly over vast areas of the Western United States, suggesting that climate is an important factor driving outbreaks. Moreover summer temperatures are predicted to increase and precipitation is expected to decrease in most areas of the U.S. Great Basin, but little is known of the response of Mormon crickets to changes in temperature and soil moisture. In a laboratory study, we varied ambient temperature and lighting and measured the propensity of mating pairs to mate,and the proportion of eggs that developed into embryos. We found that reproduction was optimal when ambient temperature reached 30 degrees C and the insects were beneath broad-spectrum lights such that maternal body and soil temperatures reached 35 degrees C. Fewer eggs that developed fully were laid when maternal body and soil temperatures reached 30 degrees C or 37-39 degrees C. We also varied initial soil moisture from 0% to 100% saturated and found that more eggs reached embryonic diapause when initial soil moisture was 25% or 50% of saturated volume. However more of the developed eggs hatched when treated in summer soils with 0-25% of saturated moisture. We conclude that small changes in temperature had large effects on reproduction, whereas large changes in moisture had very small effects on reproduction. This is the first report of Mormon crickets mating in a laboratory setting and laying eggs that hatched, facilitating further research on the role of maternal and embryonic environments in changes in population size. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Srygley, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pest Management Res Unit, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM robert.srygley@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 11 U2 56 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 EI 1879-1611 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 65 BP 57 EP 62 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2014.05.005 PG 6 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA AK4OV UT WOS:000338404900007 PM 24831180 ER PT J AU Lawson, SS Pijut, PM Michler, CH AF Lawson, Shaneka S. Pijut, Paula M. Michler, Charles H. TI Comparison of arabidopsis stomatal density mutants indicates variation in water stress responses and potential epistatic effects SO JOURNAL OF PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Morphology; Stomatal conductance; Stomatal density; Transpiration ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; ASYMMETRIC CELL-DIVISION; RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASES; SECRETORY PEPTIDE; MAPKK KINASE; 4 LIPS; THALIANA; DIFFERENTIATION; MOUTHS; FATE AB Recent physiological analysis of Arabidopsis stomatal density (SD) mutants indicated that SD was not the major factor controlling aboveground biomass accumulation. Despite the general theory that plants with fewer stomata have limited biomass acquisition capabilities, epf1 and several other Arabidopsis mutants varied significantly in leaf fresh weight despite having similar stomatal numbers. The indepth mechanisms controlling increased or decreased leaf area biomass remain undetermined. This work used calculations of SD, overnight water-loss, and LI6400XT measurements to reject the premise that SD is a primary factor controlling leaf biomass accumulation in Arabidopsis. With respect to our data, SD is not the primary factor influencing biomass accumulation in Arabidopsis epf1 mutants as it did not positively correlate to any of the physiological parameters examined. Further observation of morphological differences between the mutants hinted that additional pathways were interrupted when these mutants were generated. Each mutant examined showed a variation in physiological measurements despite SD. Many SD mutants also showed morphological abnormalities in addition to altered stomatal numbers. These phenotypes may indicate epistatic effects related to the mutation of SD genes in the studied mutants. C1 [Lawson, Shaneka S.; Pijut, Paula M.; Michler, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lawson, Shaneka S.; Pijut, Paula M.; Michler, Charles H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Lawson, SS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, 195 Marstellar St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sslawson@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 FU Fred M. van Eck Foundation [FVE51020058]; Alliance for Graduate Education and Professoriate (AGEP) at Purdue University [NSF0450373] FX The authors thank Drs. Yiwei Jiang and Jaemo Yang for their thoughtful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. This work was supported by the Fred M. van Eck Foundation [grant number FVE51020058] and the Alliance for Graduate Education and Professoriate (AGEP) [grant number NSF0450373] at Purdue University. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1226-9239 EI 1867-0725 J9 J PLANT BIOL JI J. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 57 IS 3 BP 162 EP 173 DI 10.1007/s12374-014-0017-1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK0UL UT WOS:000338131200003 ER PT J AU Gortazar, C Reperant, LA Kuiken, T de la Fuente, J Boadella, M Martinez-Lopez, B Ruiz-Fons, F Estrada-Pena, A Drosten, C Medley, G Ostfeld, R Peterson, T VerCauteren, KC Menge, C Artois, M Schultsz, C Delahay, R Serra-Cobo, J Poulin, R Keck, F Aguirre, AA Henttonen, H Dobson, AP Kutz, S Lubroth, J Mysterud, A AF Gortazar, Christian Reperant, Leslie A. Kuiken, Thijs de la Fuente, Jose Boadella, Mariana Martinez-Lopez, Beatriz Ruiz-Fons, Francisco Estrada-Pena, Agustin Drosten, Christian Medley, Graham Ostfeld, Richard Peterson, Townsend VerCauteren, Kurt C. Menge, Christian Artois, Marc Schultsz, Constance Delahay, Richard Serra-Cobo, Jordi Poulin, Robert Keck, Frederic Aguirre, Alonso A. Henttonen, Heikki Dobson, Andrew P. Kutz, Susan Lubroth, Juan Mysterud, Atle TI Crossing the Interspecies Barrier: Opening the Door to Zoonotic Pathogens SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; EMERGENCE; IMPACTS; ORIGINS C1 [Gortazar, Christian; de la Fuente, Jose; Boadella, Mariana; Ruiz-Fons, Francisco] Univ Castilla La Mancha, CSIC, SaBio, IREC, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. [Reperant, Leslie A.; Kuiken, Thijs] Erasmus Univ, Dept Virosci, Med Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [de la Fuente, Jose] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Ctr Vet Hlth Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Martinez-Lopez, Beatriz] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Anim Dis Modeling & Surveillance, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Estrada-Pena, Agustin] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet Med, Dept Anim Pathol, Zaragoza, Spain. [Drosten, Christian] Univ Klinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany. [Drosten, Christian] Fac Med, Bonn, Germany. [Medley, Graham] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. [Ostfeld, Richard] Harvard Univ, Harvard Ctr Environm, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Peterson, Townsend] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, APHIS, WS, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Drosten, Christian] Fed Res Inst Anim Hlth, Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Jena, Germany. [Artois, Marc] Univ Lyon, VetAgro Sup, Marcy Letoile, France. [Schultsz, Constance] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Delahay, Richard] Anim Hlth & Vet Labs Agcy, Natl Wildlife Management Ctr, Stonehouse, Glos, England. [Serra-Cobo, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, IRBIO, Barcelona, Spain. [Serra-Cobo, Jordi] Univ Barcelona, Fac Biol, Dept Biol Anim, Barcelona, Spain. [Poulin, Robert] Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Keck, Frederic] CNRS, Lab Anthropol Sociale, Paris, France. [Aguirre, Alonso A.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Henttonen, Heikki] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa Unit, FIN-01301 Vantaa, Finland. [Dobson, Andrew P.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Kutz, Susan] Univ Calgary, Dept Ecosyst & Publ Hlth, Fac Vet Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Lubroth, Juan] United Nations Headquarters, Anim Prod & Hlth Div, Food & Agr Org, Rome, Italy. [Mysterud, Atle] Univ Oslo, CEES, Dept Biosci, Oslo, Norway. RP Gortazar, C (reprint author), Univ Castilla La Mancha, CSIC, SaBio, IREC, E-13071 Ciudad Real, Spain. EM Christian.Gortazar@uclm.es RI Delahay, Richard/J-2261-2014; Ruiz-Fons, Francisco/K-3161-2014; Gortazar, Christian/E-7918-2012; Medley, Graham/B-7289-2008; Boadella, Mariana/I-8029-2012; Poulin, Robert/C-3117-2008; OI de la Fuente, Jose/0000-0001-7383-9649; Mysterud, Atle/0000-0001-8993-7382; Ruiz-Fons, Francisco/0000-0002-0820-5292; Gortazar, Christian/0000-0003-0012-4006; Medley, Graham/0000-0002-0030-7278; Boadella, Mariana/0000-0001-6402-9927; Poulin, Robert/0000-0003-1390-1206; Reperant, Leslie/0000-0002-7212-1595 FU EU FP7 grant ANTIGONE [278976] FX This research was funded by EU FP7 grant ANTIGONE (#278976). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 47 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1553-7366 EI 1553-7374 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 6 AR e1004129 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1004129 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA AK1SV UT WOS:000338197400005 PM 24945247 ER PT J AU Gehring, A He, XH Fratamico, P Lee, J Bagi, L Brewster, J Paoli, G He, YP Xie, YP Skinner, C Barnett, C Harris, D AF Gehring, Andrew He, Xiaohua Fratamico, Pina Lee, Joseph Bagi, Lori Brewster, Jeffrey Paoli, George He, Yiping Xie, Yanping Skinner, Craig Barnett, Charlie Harris, Douglas TI A High-Throughput, Precipitating Colorimetric Sandwich ELISA Microarray for Shiga Toxins SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE B-PER; colorimetry; detection; ELISA; high-throughput; microarray STEC; microtiter plate; precipitating; toxin typing ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ANTIBIOTICS; IMMUNOASSAY; PROTEINS; BACTERIA; ASSAYS; DOT AB Shiga toxins 1 and 2 (Stx1 and Stx2) from Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) bacteria were simultaneously detected with a newly developed, high-throughput antibody microarray platform. The proteinaceous toxins were immobilized and sandwiched between biorecognition elements (monoclonal antibodies) and pooled horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated monoclonal antibodies. Following the reaction of HRP with the precipitating chromogenic substrate (metal enhanced 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride or DAB), the formation of a colored product was quantitatively measured with an inexpensive flatbed page scanner. The colorimetric ELISA microarray was demonstrated to detect Stx1 and Stx2 at levels as low as similar to 4.5 ng/mL within similar to 2 h of total assay time with a narrow linear dynamic range of similar to 1-2 orders of magnitude and saturation levels well above background. Stx1 and/or Stx2 produced by various strains of STEC were also detected following the treatment of cultured cells with mitomycin C (a toxin-inducing antibiotic) and/or B-PER (a cell-disrupting, protein extraction reagent). Semi-quantitative detection of Shiga toxins was demonstrated to be sporadic among various STEC strains following incubation with mitomycin C; however, further reaction with B-PER generally resulted in the detection of or increased detection of Stx1, relative to Stx2, produced by STECs inoculated into either axenic broth culture or culture broth containing ground beef. C1 [Gehring, Andrew; Fratamico, Pina; Lee, Joseph; Bagi, Lori; Brewster, Jeffrey; Paoli, George; He, Yiping; Xie, Yanping] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, North Atlantic Area,Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [He, Xiaohua; Skinner, Craig] ARS, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Prevent Res Unit, USDA, Pacific West Area,Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Barnett, Charlie; Harris, Douglas] NanoDetect Technol Inc, Franklin, OH 45005 USA. RP Gehring, A (reprint author), ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, USDA, North Atlantic Area,Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM andrew.gehring@ars.usda.gov; xiaohua.he@ars.usda.gov; pina.fratamico@ars.usda.gov; joe.lee@ars.usda.gov; lori.bagi@ars.usda.gov; jeffrey.brewster@ars.usda.gov; george.paoli@ars.usda.gov; yiping.he@ars.usda.gov; yanping.xie@ars.usda.gov; craig.skinner@ars.usda.gov; cbarnett1951@gmail.com; dough@ndtbio.com RI Xu, Huanyu/C-7860-2016; Xie, Yanping/C-7950-2016 FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was partially funded through an agreement with the USDA Agricultural Research Service established by the Biotechnology Research and Development Consortium (Peoria, IL, USA). We gratefully thank Peter Irwin and Jeffrey Thomas, from the Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, for technical input and/or helpful discussions. Mention of brand or firm names does not constitute an endorsement by the USDA over others of a similar nature not mentioned. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 24 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1855 EP 1872 DI 10.3390/toxins6061855 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AK1QL UT WOS:000338190400009 PM 24921195 ER PT J AU Ehrlich, KC Mack, BM AF Ehrlich, Kenneth C. Mack, Brian M. TI Comparison of Expression of Secondary Metabolite Biosynthesis Cluster Genes in Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, and A. oryzae SO TOXINS LA English DT Article DE sclerotial morphotypes; gene transcription; non-ribosomal peptide synthase; polyketide synthase; RNA-seq ID AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; IDENTIFICATION; NIDULANS; PATHWAY AB Fifty six secondary metabolite biosynthesis gene clusters are predicted to be in the Aspergillus flavus genome. In spite of this, the biosyntheses of only seven metabolites, including the aflatoxins, kojic acid, cyclopiazonic acid and aflatrem, have been assigned to a particular gene cluster. We used RNA-seq to compare expression of secondary metabolite genes in gene clusters for the closely related fungi A. parasiticus, A. oryzae, and A. flavus S and L sclerotial morphotypes. The data help to refine the identification of probable functional gene clusters within these species. Our results suggest that A. flavus, a prevalent contaminant of maize, cottonseed, peanuts and tree nuts, is capable of producing metabolites which, besides aflatoxin, could be an underappreciated contributor to its toxicity. C1 [Ehrlich, Kenneth C.; Mack, Brian M.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Ehrlich, KC (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM ehrlich8@gmail.com; brian.mack@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 43 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6651 J9 TOXINS JI Toxins PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1916 EP 1928 DI 10.3390/toxins6061916 PG 13 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AK1QL UT WOS:000338190400013 PM 24960201 ER PT J AU Hudson, KA Hudson, ME AF Hudson, Karen A. Hudson, Matthew E. TI The Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor Family in the Sacred Lotus, Nelumbo Nucifera SO TROPICAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bHLH; Sacred lotus ID REGULATED GENE-EXPRESSION; GENOME-WIDE; ARABIDOPSIS; PLANTS; RICE; CLASSIFICATION; EVOLUTIONARY; PROTEINS; SEQUENCE; NETWORK AB Nelumbo nucifera (Sacred Lotus) is a basal eudicot with exceptional physiological and metabolic properties including seed longevity, adaptations for an aquatic habit, and floral thermiogenesis. It also occupies a unique position in the phylogeny of land plants and can be a useful species for studies of conserved plant gene families. The basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins represent one of the largest transcription factor families in plants and has undergone extensive duplication and expansion during plant evolution. One hundred and seventeen transcript models encoding canonical bHLHs were identified in the sacred lotus genome, as well as several "atypical" bHLH-encoding genes. The canonical bHLH proteins fall into 23 previously characterized subfamilies also present in other sequenced plant genomes, and are expressed as mRNA. Analysis of bHLHs from sacred lotus and other sequenced angiosperms indicates most of these families of bHLHs, along with secondary motifs associated with the bHLH domain, were likely present in the progenitor of flowering plants. The absence of a bHLH subfamily involved in root development in sacred lotus is consistent with the possibility that the development of specialized root structures may be mediated in part by changes in the bHLH families that regulate root development in dicots. C1 [Hudson, Karen A.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hudson, Matthew E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Hudson, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, 915 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM kkaczoro@purdue.edu; mhudson@illinois.edu RI Hudson, Matthew/A-4438-2008 OI Hudson, Matthew/0000-0002-4737-0936 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1935-9756 EI 1935-9764 J9 TROP PLANT BIOL JI Trop. Plant Biol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 7 IS 2 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.1007/s12042-014-9138-4 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AK1UZ UT WOS:000338204100003 ER PT J AU Li, GH Wang, XP Feng, HL Wiedenbeck, J Ross, RJ AF Li, Guanghui Wang, Xiping Feng, Hailin Wiedenbeck, Jan Ross, Robert J. TI Analysis of wave velocity patterns in black cherry trees and its effect on internal decay detection SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Stress wave; Velocity pattern; Trees; Internal decay detection; Tomography AB In this study, we examined stress wave velocity patterns in the cross sections of black cherry trees, developed analytical models of stress wave velocity in sound healthy trees, and then tested the effectiveness of the models as a tool for tree decay diagnosis. Acoustic tomography data of the tree cross sections were collected from 12 black cherry trees at a production forest. Trees were subsequently cut, and the disk at each test location was obtained to assess the true physical condition. Stress wave velocity data of different paths across grain, from radial to tangential, were extracted from the acoustic tomography data sets. Our analysis indicated that the ratio of tangential velocity to radial velocity in sound healthy trees approximated a second-order parabolic curve with respect to the symmetric axis theta = 0 (theta is the angle between wave propagation path and radial direction). The analytical model was found in excellent agreement with the real data from healthy trees. Further examination indicated that the analytical model can be used to diagnose internal conditions of trees when a stress wave testing method is used in tree inspection. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Guanghui; Feng, Hailin] Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Sch Informat Engn, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xiping; Ross, Robert J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Wiedenbeck, Jan] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV USA. RP Li, GH (reprint author), Zhejiang Agr & Forestry Univ, Sch Informat Engn, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM lgh@zafu.edu.cn; xwang@fs.fed.us; sealinfeng@gmail.com; jwiedenbeck@fs.fed.us; rjross@fs.fed.us FU Natural Science Foundation of China [61272313]; Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Project [2012C21015, 2013C24026]; China Scholarship Council (CSC) FX This research was made possible by the collaboration between the USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory and Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University in China. This study was supported in part by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61272313) and Zhejiang Provincial Science and Technology Project (Grant Nos. 2012C21015 and 2013C24026). The financial support to Dr. Guanghui Li's visiting study at the USDA Forest Productions Laboratory (FPL) was provided by the China Scholarship Council (CSC). NR 9 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 EI 1872-7107 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 104 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2014.03.008 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA AJ7LI UT WOS:000337877800005 ER PT J AU Newbold, TAS Stapp, P Levensailor, KE Derner, JD Lauenroth, WK AF Newbold, T. A. Scott Stapp, Paul Levensailor, Katherine E. Derner, Justin D. Lauenroth, William K. TI Community Responses of Arthropods to a Range of Traditional and Manipulated Grazing in Shortgrass Steppe SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE grasshopper; habitat structure; livestock grazing; spider; tenebrionid beetle ID GRASSHOPPERS ORTHOPTERA; BEETLE COMMUNITY; LARGE HERBIVORES; GRASS PRAIRIE; GROUND COVER; DIVERSITY; LIVESTOCK; HABITAT; VEGETATION; MANAGEMENT AB Responses of plants to grazing are better understood, and more predictable, than those of consumers in North American grasslands. In 2003, we began a large-scale, replicated experiment that examined the effects of grazing on three important arthropod groups-beetles, spiders, and grasshoppers-in shortgrass steppe of north-central Colorado. We investigated whether modifications of the intensity and seasonality of livestock grazing alter the structure and diversity of macroarthropod communities compared with traditional grazing practices. Treatments represented a gradient of grazing intensity by cattle and native herbivores: long-term grazing exclosures; moderate summer grazing (the traditional regime); intensive spring grazing; intensive summer grazing; and moderately summer-grazed pastures also inhabited by black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus Ord). Beetles and spiders were the most common groups captured, comprising 60% and 21%, respectively, of 4,378 total pitfall captures. Grasshopper counts were generally low, with 3,799 individuals observed and densities < 4 m(-2). Two years after treatments were applied, vegetation structure differed among grazing treatments, responding not only to long-term grazing conditions, but also to the short-term, more-intensive grazing manipulations. In response, arthropods were, in general, relatively insensitive to these grazing-induced structural changes. However, species-level analyses of one group (Tenebrionidae) revealed both positive and negative effects of grazing treatments on beetle richness and activity-density. Importantly, these responses to grazing were more pronounced in a year when spring-summer rainfall was low, suggesting that both grazing and precipitation-which together may create the greatest heterogeneity in vegetation structure-are drivers of consumer responses in this system. C1 [Newbold, T. A. Scott; Stapp, Paul; Lauenroth, William K.] Colorado State Univ, Shortgrass Steppe LTER, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Newbold, T. A. Scott] Sheridan Coll, Dept Life Sci, Sheridan, WY 82801 USA. [Stapp, Paul; Levensailor, Katherine E.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Biol Sci, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. [Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Newbold, TAS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Shortgrass Steppe LTER, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM snewbold@sheridan.edu FU Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research project [DEB-0217631]; Department of Biological Science at California State University, Fullerton FX We thank T. Benton, H. Franklin, D. Kite, J. Kraft, C. Wermager, A. Suazo, and the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research field crews for their assistance. M. Lindquist and S. Sprague provided helpful advice and logistical support. We thank Crow Valley Livestock Cooperative, Inc. for providing livestock, and M. Ashby, J. Thomas, T. Smith, and T. Kanode for managing livestock and maintaining grazing treatments. R. Parmenter and an anonymous reviewer provided insightful comments on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research project (DEB-0217631) and the Department of Biological Science at California State University, Fullerton. NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 39 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 556 EP 568 DI 10.1603/EN12333 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500003 PM 24780073 ER PT J AU Hesler, LS AF Hesler, Louis S. TI Inventory and Assessment of Foliar Natural Enemies of the Soybean Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in South Dakota SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphis glycines; Coccinellidae; exclusion cage; ant-aphid association ID CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; IMPORTED FIRE ANTS; GLYCINES MATSUMURA; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HYMENOPTERA-FORMICIDAE; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; GENERALIST PREDATOR; NATIVE COCCINELLIDS; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS AB Soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a major pest of soybean in northern production regions of North America, and insecticides have been the primary management approach while alternative methods are developed. Knowledge of arthropod natural enemies and their impact on soybean aphid is critical for developing biological control as a management tool. Soybean is a major field crop in South Dakota, but information about its natural enemies and their impact on soybean aphid is lacking. Thus, this study was conducted in field plots in eastern South Dakota during July and August of 2004 and 2005 to characterize foliar-dwelling, arthropod natural enemies of soybean aphid, and it used exclusion techniques to determine impact of natural enemies and ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on soybean aphid densities. In open field plots, weekly soybean aphid densities reached a plateau of several hundred aphids per plant in 2004, and peaked at roughly 400 aphids per plant in 2005. Despite these densities, a relatively high frequency of aphid-infested plants lacked arthropod natural enemies. Lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were most abundant, peaking at 90 and 52% of all natural enemies sampled in respective years, and Harmonia axyridis Pallas was the most abundant lady beetle. Green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) were abundant in 2005, due mainly to large numbers of their eggs. Abundances of arachnids and coccinellid larvae correlated with soybean aphid densities each year, and chrysopid egg abundance was correlated with aphid density in 2005. Three-week cage treatments of artificially infested soybean plants in 2004 showed that noncaged plants had fewer soybean aphids than caged plants, but abundance of soybean aphid did not differ among open cages and ones that provided partial or total exclusion of natural enemies. In 2005, plants within open cages had fewer soybean aphids than those within cages that excluded natural enemies, and aphid density on open-cage plants did not differ from that on noncaged plants and those accessible by small predators. In a separate 3-yr experiment, exclusion of ants from soybean plants did not lead to differences in soybean aphid density compared with ant-accessible plants. Overall, these results suggest that the soybean aphid natural enemy guild is unsaturated and could be enhanced to improve biological control of soybean aphid in South Dakota. C1 USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Hesler, LS (reprint author), USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM louis.hesler@ars.usda.gov NR 66 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 577 EP 588 DI 10.1603/EN13210 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500005 PM 24874151 ER PT J AU Reilly, JR Hajek, AE Liebhold, AM Plymale, R AF Reilly, James R. Hajek, Ann E. Liebhold, Andrew M. Plymale, Ruth TI Impact of Entomophaga maimaiga (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) on Outbreak Gypsy Moth Populations (Lepidoptera: Erebidae): The Role of Weather SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lymantria dispar; epizootiology; environmental driver; outbreak insect; invasive species ID LYMANTRIIDAE FUNGAL PATHOGEN; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; RESTING SPORES; DYNAMICS; DISPAR; SPORULATION; GERMINATION; EPIZOOTICS; INFECTION; CONIDIA AB The fungal pathogen Entomophaga maimaiga Humber, Shimazu, and Soper is prevalent in gypsy moth [Lymantria dispar ( L.)] populations throughout North America. To understand how weather-related variables influence gypsy moth-E. maimaiga interactions in the field, we measured fungal infection rates at 12 sites in central Pennsylvania over 3 yr, concurrently measuring rainfall, soil moisture, humidity, and temperature. Fungal mortality was assessed using both field-collected larvae and laboratory-reared larvae caged on the forest floor. We found significant positive effects of moisture-related variables (rainfall, soil moisture, and relative humidity) on mortality due to fungal infection in both data sets, and significant negative effects of temperature on the mortality of field-collected larvae. Lack of a clear temperature relationship with the mortality of caged larvae may be attributable to differential initiation of infection by resting spores and conidia or to microclimate effects. These relationships may be helpful in understanding how gypsy moth dynamics vary across space and time, and in forecasting how the gypsy moth and fungus will interact as they move into warmer or drier areas, or new weather conditions occur due to climate change. C1 [Reilly, James R.; Hajek, Ann E.; Plymale, Ruth] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Liebhold, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Reilly, JR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM jreilly45@gmail.com FU USDA, CSREES [NRI 2006-1774]; USDA, Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team FX We thank H. Thistle (USDA Forest Service) for providing some of the weather equipment and G. Felton, K. Hoover, O. Bjornstad, and other personnel with the Pennsylvania State University Entomology Department for generously providing laboratory space and equipment. B. Reed, M. Beck, and R. Annis provided excellent assistance in the field in Pennsylvania. B. Reed, J. Greenberg, K. Ciccaglione, J. Tyvoll, A. Navarro, T. James, M. Grambor, M. Garvey, C. Fritzen, A. Staron, K. Levine, J. Lee, M. Cunningham, A. Saylor, J. Hannam, and S. Finkbeiner assisted with diagnosis of pathogens and parasitoids. The research was funded by USDA, CSREES, NRI 2006-1774, and the USDA, Forest Service Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 37 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 632 EP 641 DI 10.1603/EN13194 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500012 PM 24805137 ER PT J AU Herr, JC Herrera-Reddy, AM Carruthers, RI AF Herr, John C. Herrera-Reddy, Angelica M. Carruthers, Raymond I. TI Field Testing Diorhabda elongata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) From Crete, Greece, to Assess Potential Impact on Nontarget Native California Plants in the Genus Frankenia SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tamarix; saltcedar; weed biological control; host specificity ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; SALTCEDARS TAMARIX SPP.; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; HOST-SPECIFICITY TEST; LEAF BEETLE; DESERTICOLA COLEOPTERA; DIFFERENT POPULATIONS; WEED; SELECTION; RANGE AB When laboratory host specificity tests on weed biological control agents produce ambiguous results or are suspected of producing false- positive findings, field cage or open field tests can be used to help determine the true ecological host range of the agent. The leaf beetle Diorhabda elongata (Brulle) from Crete, imported to the United States for the control of saltcedar (Tamarix spp., Tamaricaceae), showed a low but variable ovipositional response to nontarget Frankenia spp. (Frankeniaceae) in previous laboratory tests conducted in small cages, where up to 11.4% of eggs were laid on these native plants. Results from field tests presented in this article show that no eggs were laid on Frankenia palmeri S. Watson and significantly more eggs were always laid on Tamarix ramosissima Ledebour than Frankenia salina (Molina) I. M. Johnston. Furthermore, the ovipositional response to F. salina was substantially lower than that recorded in laboratory tests. The percent of eggs laid on F. salina in field tests was 3.7 in a paired choice cage test, 4.3 in a multiple choice cage test, and 2.5 in a multiple choice open field test, suggesting that the true acceptance rate of the nontarget by D. elongata in the field will be lower than laboratory tests predicted. However, some damage was caused to F. salina by adult and larval feeding in the field, although this occurred only at the very end of the open field test, when D. elongata densities were extremely high, and all of the surrounding saltcedar had been totally defoliated. Scientific representatives from various stakeholder organizations (state, county, university, and environmental groups) viewed the open field test when in progress and reviewed the final results before advising State regulatory agenciesonbeetle redistribution. These test results, and the open review process, led regulators to conclude that redistribution of D. elongata in California was warranted owing to its significant ability to defoliate saltcedar, and its low rate of feeding on nontarget Frankenia spp. The introduction of D. elongata provides an interesting case study for risk assessment of a potentially efficacious weed biocontrol agent that may also be capable of using nontarget native plants. C1 [Herr, John C.; Herrera-Reddy, Angelica M.; Carruthers, Raymond I.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Herr, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM john.herr@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service-National Research Initiative from the Bureau of Land Management; Bureau of Land Management FX We thank Javid Kashefi (USDA-ARS-EBCL) for collecting D. elongata from Crete; Alexander Konstantinov (USDA-ARS-Systematic Entomology Laboratory) for identification of insect specimens; John Gaskin (USDA-ARS) for identification of saltcedar specimens; Jan Lowrey and the Cache Creek Conservancy for access to field sites; and Connie Ganong, Hillary Thomas, Anni Ala, Erin Donley, and Marie Franc for excellent technical assistance with the host range tests. Mike Pitcairn (California Department of Food and Agriculture) and Joe DiTomaso (University of California, Davis) provided valuable comments on the manuscript. This research was funded in part by a grant from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service-National Research Initiative and through financial assistance from the Bureau of Land Management. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 642 EP 653 DI 10.1603/EN12087 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500013 PM 24690599 ER PT J AU Shrestha, D Wenninger, EJ Hutchinson, PJS Whitworth, JL Mondal, S Eigenbrode, SD Bosque-Perez, NA AF Shrestha, Deepak Wenninger, Erik J. Hutchinson, Pamela J. S. Whitworth, Jonathan L. Mondal, Shaonpius Eigenbrode, Sanford D. Bosque-Perez, Nilsa A. TI Interactions Among Potato Genotypes, Growth Stages, Virus Strains, and Inoculation Methods in the Potato Virus Y and Green Peach Aphid Pathosystem SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Myzus persicae; virus strain; vector; infection rate; age-based resistance ID MATURE-PLANT-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; CULTIVARS; TRANSMISSION; PVYO; TEMPERATURE; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; RUSSET; ASSAY AB Potato virus Y (PVY) is an economically important and reemerging potato pathogen in North America. PVY infection reduces yield, and some necrotic and recombinant strains render tubers unmarketable. Although PVYO is the most prevalent strain in the United States, the necrotic and recombinant strains PVYNTN and PVYN:O are becoming more widespread. Infection rates in aphidinoculated (Myzus persicae (Sulzer)) and mechanically inoculated plants were compared across two potato genotypes ('Yukon Gold' and A98345-1), three PVY strains (PVYO, PVYN:O, and PVYNTN), and two growth stages at inoculation (pre-and postflowering). Susceptibility of genotypes was measured as infection rate using a double-antibody sandwich-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; virus titer and tuber mass also were recorded from the infected plants. Yukon Gold generally was more susceptible than A98345-1 to all three PVY strains, especially following mechanical inoculation. Within genotypes, Yukon Gold was most susceptible to PVYO and A98345-1 was most susceptible to PVYN:O. Plants exhibited age-based resistance, with both genotypes showing higher susceptibility at the pre-than postflowering stage. The overall ranking pattern of virus titer in infected plants was PVYO > PVYNTN > PVYN:O; across all three strains, infected Yukon Gold had higher titer than infected A98345-1 plants. Yukon Gold plants had lower tuber mass than A98345-1 when infected, and there were differences between the two inoculation methods in regard to tuber mass for the three stains. The results showed differences in infection response between inoculation methods and as a function of genotype, strain, inoculation stage, and their interactions. These factors should be considered when screening genotypes for resistance. C1 [Shrestha, Deepak; Hutchinson, Pamela J. S.; Mondal, Shaonpius] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Wenninger, Erik J.] Univ Idaho, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Whitworth, Jonathan L.] ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Eigenbrode, Sanford D.; Bosque-Perez, Nilsa A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Wenninger, EJ (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM erikw@uidaho.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDAD-SCRI) grant; Idaho Potato Commission FX We thank James M. Crosslin for providing purified virus, Lorie Ewing for providing nuclear minitubers, Stewart Gray for providing virus isolates, William Price for advice on statistical analysis, and Aretta Workman and Darren Hall for technical assistance. This research was funded by a U.S. Department of Agriculture-Specialty Crop Research Initiative (USDAD-SCRI) grant and by the Idaho Potato Commission. This is a contribution of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 27 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 662 EP 671 DI 10.1603/EN13323 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500015 PM 24690278 ER PT J AU Sappington, TW Burks, CS AF Sappington, Thomas W. Burks, Charles S. TI Patterns of Flight Behavior and Capacity of Unmated Navel Orangeworm (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Adults Related to Age, Gender, and Wing Size SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amyelois transitella; flight mill; dispersal; almond; pistachio ID AGROTIS-IPSILON LEPIDOPTERA; MATING STATUS; LABORATORY EVALUATION; AMYELOIS-TRANSITELLA; CYDIA-POMONELLA; BOUNDARY-LAYER; MIGRATION; NOCTUIDAE; ALMONDS; PERFORMANCE AB The navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), is a key pest of almond, pistachio, and walnut tree crops in California. Understanding dispersal of adults between orchards is important to improving management options. Laboratory flight behavior of unmated navel orangeworm of ages 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 d posteclosion was examined using flight mills. As a group, females flew farther and longer than males, but the differences were not statistically significant. Flight speed did not differ between sexes. Flight duration and distance did not differ with age, except that 7-d-old adults performed worse for these parameters than did 1- and 2-d-old adults. Females began their flights approximate to 1.5 h after the onset of dusk, and approximate to 1.5 h earlier in the night than males. Flight capacity and propensity were substantial for both sexes and all age classes tested. At least 20% of adults (except 7-d-old males) made a continuous flight >= 5.5 h, and median total distances flown during the 10.5-h night ranged from 7 to 15 km depending on age class. Thus navel orangeworm flight mill performance was greater than that of most pests tested from the families Pyralidae and Tortricidae. Surface area and length of forewings and hindwings were greater in females than males, but had little effect on flight performance. The results are generally consistent with field observations of navel orangeworm dispersal, but it will be important to characterize the effects of mating on flight, and flight on fecundity. C1 [Sappington, Thomas W.] Iowa State Univ, ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit,Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Burks, Charles S.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Sappington, TW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, ARS, USDA, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit,Genet Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Tom.Sappington@ars.usda.gov OI Burks, Charles/0000-0003-0242-8644 FU California Pistachio Research Board; Almond Board of California FX We thank Mark Nehring, Britanny Kirkpatrick, and Elena Guerrero-Caballero for tethering moths and preparing them for flight trials, and Randy Ritland, Tina Paque, and Keith Bidne for other technical assistance with the flight mill experiments. We thank Mario Salinas, Lino Salinas, Judy Padilla, and Steven Weir for technical assistance in rearing and sexing the insects. Partial funding for this project was provided by the California Pistachio Research Board and the Almond Board of California. NR 64 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 27 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 696 EP 705 DI 10.1603/EN13279 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500019 PM 24874157 ER PT J AU Coleman, TW Chen, YG Graves, AD Hishinuma, SM Grulke, NE Flint, ML Seybold, SJ AF Coleman, Tom W. Chen, Yigen Graves, Andrew D. Hishinuma, Stacy M. Grulke, Nancy E. Flint, Mary Louise Seybold, Steven J. TI Developing Monitoring Techniques for the Invasive Goldspotted Oak Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in California SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus auroguttatus; flight-intercept prism trap; oak mortality; phloem/wood borer; semiochemical ID EMERALD ASH BORER; AGRILUS-COXALIS-AUROGUTTATUS; BILINEATUS WEBER COLEOPTERA; TWOLINED CHESTNUT BORER; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; QUERCUS-AGRIFOLIA; LIVE OAK; ATTRACTION; VOLATILES; BEETLES AB The goldspotted oak borer, Agrilus auroguttatus Schaeffer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is an invasive species that has colonized oak woodlands in southern California. To better define its seasonal flight activity, assist with forest and integrated pest management activities, and define the current distribution in California, an effective monitoring technique for A. auroguttatus is necessary. We assessed the efficacy of two colors of flight-intercept prism traps, the placement of these traps at three heights, and several commercially available lures [Manuka oil, Phoebe oil, and a green leaf volatile, (3Z)-hexenol] for monitoring the flight of adult A. auroguttatus. Landing rates and the densities of D-shaped emergence holes of A. auroguttatus adults were assessed on the lower stems of coast live oak, Quercus agrifolia Nee, of varying size and crown health classes. Purple flight-intercept prism traps placed at heights of 3 m and 4.5 m caught significantly more female A. auroguttatus than green prism traps. In one experiment, males also responded at a significantly higher level to purple than to green prism traps placed at 3 m height. The addition of commercially available lures significantly enhanced male, but not female, A. auroguttatus trap catch when compared with unbaited control traps. There were no differences among male flight responses to the three lures. A. auroguttatus landing rates and emergence hole densities were significantly greater on the largest-diameter trees (>76.2 cm diameter at breast height) and on trees with severe crown thinning or complete crown collapse. The annual increment in emergence hole densities was also significantly greater on trees with severe crown thinning or complete crown collapse. In three trapping studies over multiple years in southern California, the adult flight period began as early as mid-May, peaked in mid-June to early July, and ended in early-to mid-September. To demonstrate the efficacy of the detection method for A. auroguttatus (unbaited purple traps at 3mheight), a delimitation surveyconductedfrom2009 to 2012confirmedthat the specieswasonly present inSanDiego Co., but that the distribution was expanding northward. C1 [Coleman, Tom W.] USDA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. [Chen, Yigen; Hishinuma, Stacy M.; Flint, Mary Louise] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Graves, Andrew D.] USDA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. [Grulke, Nancy E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. [Flint, Mary Louise] Univ Calif Davis, Statewide Integrated Pest Management Program, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Seybold, Steven J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Coleman, TW (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv Forest Hlth Protect, 602 S Tippecanoe Ave, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. EM twcoleman@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Pacific Southwest Region; USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Invasive Species Program; USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program, Detection Monitoring [WC-DM- 09-01]; Evaluation Monitoring [WC-EMF-10-01]; USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program [R5-2011-03]; USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Center for Plant Health Sciences and Technology [1081001528CA, 1181301528CA] FX We thank Andreana Cipollone, Joel Egan, and Grayland Walter, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection; Zachary Heath, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring; Michael I. Jones, University of California, Davis; Kim Camilli, CADepartmentof ForestryandFire; andtheCleveland National Forest for their assistance with and support of this work. Jason Oliver, Tennessee State University, McMinnville, and three anonymous reviewers graciously provided comments on previous versions of this manuscript. Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Pacific Southwest Region; by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station Invasive Species Program; by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program, Detection Monitoring (Project # WC-DM- 09-01) and Evaluation Monitoring (Project # WC-EMF-10-01); USDA Forest Service Special Technology Development Program (Project # R5-2011-03); and by the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) Center for Plant Health Sciences and Technology (Agreements # 1081001528CA and 1181301528CA). We are especially grateful to Vic Mastro for providing and facilitating the support from USDA APHIS. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 17 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 729 EP 743 DI 10.1603/EN13162 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500022 PM 24755194 ER PT J AU Leskey, TC Hock, V Chouinard, G Cormier, D Leahy, K Cooley, D Tuttle, A Eaton, A Zhang, AJ AF Leskey, Tracy C. Hock, Virginia Chouinard, Gerald Cormier, Daniel Leahy, Kathleen Cooley, Daniel Tuttle, Arthur Eaton, Alan Zhang, Aijun TI Evaluating Electrophysiological and Behavioral Responses to Volatiles for Improvement of Odor-Baited Trap Tree Management of Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE electroantennogram; weevil; EAG; pheromone; attractant ID MONITORING PLUM CURCULIO; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; PEST-MANAGEMENT; APPLE ORCHARDS; HOST-PLANT; PHEROMONE; FRUIT; AGGREGATION; ATTRACTANTS; TEMPERATURE AB Plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst), one of the most important pests of apple in eastern and central North America, is usually managed in New England apple orchards by multiple full-block insecticide applications. Efforts to reduce insecticide inputs against plum curculio include using an "attract and kill" approach: odor-baited trap trees deployed in the perimeter row of apple orchards. The standard approach is based on baiting apple trees with two olfactory stimuli, the fruit volatile benzaldehyde and the aggregation pheromone of plum curculio, grandisoic acid. We attempted to improve attraction, aggregation, and retention of adult plum curculios within specific baited trap tree canopies within apple orchards using an additional host plant volatile found to be highly stimulating in electroantennogram studies, trans-2-hexenal. We also attempted to increase aggregation using increased release rates of grandisoic acid. We found that trans-2-hexenal did not provide increased aggregation when deployed as an additional attractant within trap trees or when conversely deployed as a "push" component or repellent in perimeter trees lateral to the baited trap tree. Although increasing the release rate of grandisoic acid 5 X actually appeared to increase overall aggregation within trap trees, it was not significantly different than that obtained using the standard dose. Therefore, we believe that the standard olfactory stimuli are sufficient to provide aggregation within trap trees, but that other means should be used to manage them after their arrival. C1 [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Hock, Virginia; Chouinard, Gerald; Cormier, Daniel] Inst Rech & Dev Agroenvironm, St Bruno De Montarville, PQ J3V 0G7, Canada. [Leahy, Kathleen] Polaris Orchard Management, Colrain, MA 01340 USA. [Cooley, Daniel; Tuttle, Arthur] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Eaton, Alan] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Zhang, Aijun] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Behav & Biocontrol Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Leskey, TC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM tracy.leskey@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2009-51181-06005] FX We thank Torri Hancock, John Cullum, and Sean Wiles for excellent technical assistance. We also thank Jessica "Jess" Goode, an undergraduate intern from Ferrum College, who worked enthusiastically and diligently on this project, but passed away unexpectedly. This work was supported in part by grant 2009-51181-06005 from U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crops Research Initiative. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 25 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 753 EP 761 DI 10.1603/EN13230 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500024 PM 24780096 ER PT J AU Eller, FJ Vander Meer, RK Behle, RW Flor-Weiler, LB Palmquist, DE AF Eller, F. J. Vander Meer, R. K. Behle, R. W. Flor-Weiler, L. B. Palmquist, Debra E. TI Bioactivity of Cedarwood Oil and Cedrol Against Arthropod Pests SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cedarwood oil; repellency; toxicity; red imported fire ant; black-legged tick ID IMPORTED FIRE ANTS; RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES KOLLAR; FORMOSAN SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE; SOLENOPSIS-INVICTA BUREN; EASTERN-RED-CEDAR; JUNIPERUS-VIRGINIANA; ACARI IXODIDAE; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; OVIPOSITION RESPONSES; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM AB Heartwood samples from Juniperus virginiana L. were extracted with liquid carbon dioxide, and the bioactivity of carbon dioxide-derived cedarwood oil (CWO) toward several species of ants and cedrol toward ticks was determined. Repellency was tested for ants, and toxicity was tested for ticks. Ants in an outdoor bioassay were significantly repelled by the presence of CWO on a pole leading to a sugar-water solution. Similarly, CWO was a significant repellent barrier to red imported fire ants and prevented them from finding a typical food source. Black-legged tick nymphs exhibited dosage-dependent mortality when exposed to cedrol and at the highest dosage ( i.e., 6.3 mg/ml) tested, the cedrol killed 100% of the ticks. These repellency and toxicity results together demonstrate a clear potential for the use of CWO as a pest control agent. C1 [Eller, F. J.] ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Vander Meer, R. K.] ARS, Imported Fire Ant & Household Insects Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Behle, R. W.; Flor-Weiler, L. B.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Palmquist, Debra E.] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Eller, FJ (reprint author), ARS, Funct Foods Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Fred.Eller@ARS.USDA.gov NR 39 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 762 EP 766 DI 10.1603/EN13270 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500025 PM 24690252 ER PT J AU Hiltpold, I Adamczyk, JJ Higdon, ML Clark, TL Ellersieck, MR Hibbard, BE AF Hiltpold, Ivan Adamczyk, John J., Jr. Higdon, Matthew L. Clark, Thomas L. Ellersieck, Mark R. Hibbard, Bruce E. TI Carbon Isotope Ratios Document That the Elytra of Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Reflects Adult Versus Larval Feeding and Later Instar Larvae Prefer Bt Corn to Alternate Hosts SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bt maize; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; feeding behavior; transgenic maize; pest control ID VIRGIFERA-VIRGIFERA LECONTE; RESISTANT TRANSGENIC CORN; BEETLE EMERGENCE; C-13/C-12 RATIOS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ELATERID LARVAE; ARABLE LAND; MAIZE; POPULATION; MORTALITY AB In much of the Corn Belt and parts of Europe, the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte, is the most important insect pest of maize. The need for additional basic knowledge of this pest has been highlighted while developing resistance management plans for insecticidal genetically modified crops. This study evaluated the possibility of tracking feeding habits of western corn rootworm larvae using stable carbon isotope signatures. Plants accumulate different ratios of C-13: C-12 isotopes, usually expressed as delta C-13, according to whether they use the C-3 or C-4 photosynthetic pathway. Herbivore biomass is expected to reflect the delta C-13 of the food they eat. For the current experiment, western corn rootworm larvae were grown on different species of plants exhibiting different delta C-13 values. The delta C-13 values were then measured in elytra of emerged beetles. When beetles were unfed, biomass reflected larval feeding. When beetles were fed for 31 d poste-mergence, delta C-13 values of elytra almost exclusively reflected adult feeding. These results suggest the use of caution in the interpretation of delta C-13 data aiming to document larval diet history when adult feeding history is unknown. The technique was also used to evaluate western corn rootworm larval choice between alternate hosts and maize with and without genetically modified (Bt) traits aimed at their control. Propensity for feeding on alternate hosts versus maize was biased toward feeding on maize regardless whether the maize had Bt or not, suggesting western corn rootworm larvae were not repelled by Bt. These data will be helpful for regulators in interpreting western corn rootworm feeding data on Bt maize. C1 [Hiltpold, Ivan; Higdon, Matthew L.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Adamczyk, John J., Jr.] USDA ARS, Thad Cochran Southern Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Clark, Thomas L.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Ellersieck, Mark R.] Univ Missouri, Coll Agr Food & Nat Resources, Anim Sci Ctr 5107, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Hibbard, BE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 205 Curtis Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM hibbardb@missouri.edu RI Hiltpold, Ivan/D-1666-2016 OI Hiltpold, Ivan/0000-0001-6374-6684 FU University of Missouri program; Swiss National Science Foundation [PBNEP3-13485] FX We thank Anthony Zukoff (USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO, now with Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS) for technical assistance in organizing and analyzing the data. We are also grateful to Leslie Price (USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS) for his assistance in the sample preparation and support with the instrumentation. We thank Lisa Meihls (USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO) for correcting an earlier draft. Funding, in part, was provided by a seed grant to T.L.C. from the University of Missouri program as well as by the postdoctoral fellowship PBNEP3-13485 from the Swiss National Science Foundation awarded to I.H. NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 39 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 3 BP 840 EP 848 DI 10.1603/EN13248 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AJ5CC UT WOS:000337697500034 PM 24874160 ER PT J AU Marzel, A Desai, PT Nissan, I Schorr, YI Suez, J Valinsky, L Reisfeld, A Agmon, V Guard, J McClelland, M Rahav, G Gal-Mor, O AF Marzel, Alex Desai, Prerak T. Nissan, Israel Schorr, Yosef Ilan Suez, Jotham Valinsky, Lea Reisfeld, Abraham Agmon, Vered Guard, Jean McClelland, Michael Rahav, Galia Gal-Mor, Ohad TI Integrative Analysis of Salmonellosis in Israel Reveals Association of Salmonella enterica Serovar 9,12:l,v:- with Extraintestinal Infections, Dissemination of Endemic S. enterica Serovar Typhimurium DT104 Biotypes, and Severe Underreporting of Outbreaks SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NON-TYPHOIDAL SALMONELLA; RECENT TRENDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE; POLYMORPHISMS; DENMARK; GENOME AB Salmonella enterica is the leading etiologic agent of bacterial food-borne outbreaks worldwide. This ubiquitous species contains more than 2,600 serovars that may differ in their host specificity, clinical manifestations, and epidemiology. To characterize salmonellosis epidemiology in Israel and to study the association of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars with invasive infections, 48,345 Salmonella cases reported and serotyped at the National Salmonella Reference Center between 1995 and 2012 were analyzed. A quasi-Poisson regression was used to identify irregular clusters of illness, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis in conjunction with whole-genome sequencing was applied to molecularly characterize strains of interest. Three hundred twenty-nine human salmonellosis clusters were identified, representing an annual average of 23 (95% confidence interval [CI], 20 to 26) potential outbreaks. We show that the previously unsequenced S. enterica serovar 9,12:l, v:- belongs to the B clade of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica, and we show its frequent association with extraintestinal infections, compared to other NTS serovars. Furthermore, we identified the dissemination of two prevalent Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 clones in Israel, which are genetically distinct from other global DT104 isolates. Accumulatively, these findings indicate a severe underreporting of Salmonella outbreaks in Israel and provide insights into the epidemiology and genomics of prevalent serovars, responsible for recurring illness. C1 [Marzel, Alex; Suez, Jotham; Rahav, Galia; Gal-Mor, Ohad] Sheba Med Ctr, Infect Dis Res Lab, Tel Hashomer, Israel. [Marzel, Alex] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Desai, Prerak T.; McClelland, Michael] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Nissan, Israel; Schorr, Yosef Ilan; Valinsky, Lea; Reisfeld, Abraham; Agmon, Vered] Minist Hlth, Cent Labs, Jerusalem, Israel. [Rahav, Galia] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Fac Med, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Guard, Jean] USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Rahav, G (reprint author), Sheba Med Ctr, Infect Dis Res Lab, Tel Hashomer, Israel. EM Galia.Rahav@sheba.health.gov.il; Ohad.Gal-Mor@sheba.health.gov.il OI Marzel, Alex/0000-0002-4795-6224 FU GIF research grant [1096.39.11/2010]; European Community [249241]; NIH [AI039557, AI052237, AI073971, AI075093, AI077645, AI083646]; USDA [2009-03579, 2011-67017-30127]; Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; Center for Produce Safety FX The work in the Gal-Mor laboratory is supported by GIF research grant 1096.39.11/2010 and by grant 249241 from the European Community's Seventh Framework program (PF7/2007-2013). M.M. and P.T.D. acknowledge support from NIH grants AI039557, AI052237, AI073971, AI075093, AI077645 and AI083646; USDA grants 2009-03579 and 2011-67017-30127; the Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; and a grant from the Center for Produce Safety. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 52 IS 6 BP 2078 EP 2088 DI 10.1128/JCM.00399-14 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AJ7YZ UT WOS:000337919500037 PM 24719441 ER PT J AU Choi, SH Kim, DS Kozukue, N Kim, HJ Nishitani, Y Mizuno, M Levin, CE Friedman, M AF Choi, Suk Hyun Kim, Dong-Seok Kozukue, Nobuyuki Kim, Hyun-Jeong Nishitani, Yosuke Mizuno, Masashi Levin, Carol E. Friedman, Mendel TI Protein, free amino acid, phenolic, beta-carotene, and lycopene content, and antioxidative and cancer cell inhibitory effects of 12 greenhouse-grown commercial cherry tomato varieties SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Cherry tomatoes; Solanum lycopersicum; Food pigments; Free amino acids; Protein; Protein quality; Lycopene; beta-Carotene; Phenolics; Flavonoids; Antioxidative and cancer-cell-inhibiting effects; Genetic and environmental factors in biosynthesis; Bioactive non-nutrients in food; Cultivar differences; Food composition; Food analysis ID GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; NUTRITIONAL QUALITY; CARBON AVAILABILITY; FRUIT; ASSAY; GABA; CHLOROPHYLL; FLAVONOIDS; CULTIVARS; GENOTYPE AB The content of water, free amino acids, amino acid metabolites, crude protein, the carotene pigments beta-carotene and lycopene, and 9 characterized and 2 incompletely characterized individual phenolic (flavonoid) compounds of 12 greenhouse-grown cherry tomato varieties of various colors (green, yellow, orange, red, and black) was determined using HPLC and LC/MS methods. The phenolic content of the cherry tomatoes per unit weight is 3-4 times greater than reported values for large-sized tomatoes. Antioxidative effects using the ABTS and FRAP assays and cancer-cell-inhibiting effects against 2 normal (Chang liver and He1299 lung) and 3 human cancer (lung A549; liver HepG2; and cervical HeLa) cell lines using the MTT cell viability assay were also determined. Lycopene inhibited all the cell lines, but showed strong activity against the cervical carcinoma and the lung cancer cells. The tomato extracts showed inhibition at the higher doses. The HeLa cervical carcinoma cell line was most inhibited by the pure compounds, and the HeLa or the HepG2 cells lines were the most inhibited by the tomato extracts. The results demonstrate wide-ranging differences as well as similarities in the content of nutritional and bioactive compounds in cherry tomatoes, and suggest that such knowledge can benefit consumers. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Choi, Suk Hyun; Kim, Dong-Seok; Kozukue, Nobuyuki] Seowon Univ, Dept Food Serv Ind, Cheongju 361742, South Korea. [Kim, Hyun-Jeong] Keimyung Univ, Ctr Tradit Microorganism Resources, Taegu 704701, South Korea. [Nishitani, Yosuke] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Team Hlth Biosci, Org Adv Sci & Technol, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Mizuno, Masashi] Kobe Univ, Grad Sch Agr Sci, Dept Agrobiosci, Kobe, Hyogo 6578501, Japan. [Levin, Carol E.; Friedman, Mendel] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM Mendel.Friedman@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 11 U2 79 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 EI 1096-0481 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 2 BP 115 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.03.005 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AJ8YR UT WOS:000337994500001 ER PT J AU Phillips, KM Pehrsson, PR Agnew, WW Scheett, AJ Follett, JR Lukaski, HC Patterson, KY AF Phillips, Katherine M. Pehrsson, Pamela R. Agnew, Wanda W. Scheett, Angela J. Follett, Jennifer R. Lukaski, Henry C. Patterson, Kristine Y. TI Nutrient composition of selected traditional United States Northern Plains Native American plant foods SO JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Food composition; Food analysis; Native American diet; Indigenous food system; Biodiversity and nutrition; Wild food; Foraged food; Chokecherry; Chenopodium album L.; Wild raspberry; Psoralea esculenta Pursh.; Urtica dioica L.; Rosa pratincola Greene; Ascorbic acid; Folate vitamers; Vegetables; Fruits ID STRONG HEART DIETARY; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; ANALYSIS PROGRAM NFNAP; WILD EDIBLE PLANTS; USDA NATIONAL FOOD; CAROTENOID COMPOSITION; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HUMAN HEALTH; INDIANS AB Ten wild plants (cattail broad leaf shoots, chokecherries, beaked hazelnuts, lambsquarters, plains prickly pear, prairie turnips, stinging nettles, wild plums, raspberries, and rose hips) from three Native American reservations in North Dakota were analyzed to expand composition information of traditional foraged plants. Proximates, dietary fiber (DF), vitamins, minerals, carotenoids, and folate vitamers were assayed using standard methods and reference materials. Per serving, all were rich in Mn (100-2808 mu g). Several provided > 10% DRI of Fe (cattail shoots, steamed lambsquarters, and prairie turnips), Ca (steamed lambsquarters, prickly pear, and prairie turnips), Mg (cattail shoots, lambsquarters, prickly pear, and prairie turnips), vitamins B6 (chokecherries, steamed lambsquarters, broiled prickly pear, and prairie turnips), C (raw prickly pear, plums, raspberries, rose hips (426 mg/100 g), and K (cattail shoots, chokecherries, lambsquarters, plums, rose hips, and stinging nettles). DF was > 10 g/serving in chokecherries, prairie turnips, plums and raspberries. Rose hips, plums, lambsquarters, and stinging nettles were carotenoid-rich (total, 3.2-11.7 mg/100 g; beta-carotene, 1.2-2.4 mg/100 g; lutein/zeaxanthin, 0.9-6.2 mg/100 g) and lycopene (rose hips only, 6.8 mg/100 g). Folate (primarily 5-methylte-trahydrofolate) was highest in raw lambsquarters (97.5 mu g/100 g) and notable in cattail shoots, raw prairie turnips, and blanched stinging nettles (10.8, 11.5, and 24.0 mu g/100 g, respectively). Results, provided to collaborating tribes and available in the National Nutrient Database of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (www.ars.usda.gov/nutrientdata), support reintroduction or increased consumption of foraged plants. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Phillips, Katherine M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biochem, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Pehrsson, Pamela R.; Patterson, Kristine Y.] ARS, USDA, Nutr Data Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Agnew, Wanda W.] United Tribes Tech Coll, Bismarck, ND USA. [Scheett, Angela J.; Follett, Jennifer R.; Lukaski, Henry C.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Pehrsson, PR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nutr Data Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 005,Room 208A, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM pamela.pehrsson@ars.usda.gov OI Phillips, Katherine/0000-0002-4586-8538 NR 82 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 55 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0889-1575 EI 1096-0481 J9 J FOOD COMPOS ANAL JI J. Food Compos. Anal. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 2 BP 136 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.jfca.2014.02.010 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AJ8YR UT WOS:000337994500003 ER PT J AU Bekal, S Domier, LL Gonfa, B McCoppin, NK Lambert, KN Bhalerao, K AF Bekal, Sadia Domier, Leslie L. Gonfa, Biruk McCoppin, Nancy K. Lambert, Kris N. Bhalerao, Kaustubh TI A novel flavivirus in the soybean cyst nematode SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; RNA REPLICATION; SUBGENOMIC RNA; REGION; GENOME; MERMITHIDAE; PSEUDOKNOT AB Heterodera glycines, the soybean cyst nematode (SCN), is a subterranean root pathogen that causes the most damaging disease of soybean in the USA. A novel nematode virus genome, soybean cyst nematode virus 5 (SbCNV-5), was identified in RNA sequencing data from SCN eggs and second-stage juveniles. The SbCNV-5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and RNA helicase domains had homology to pestiviruses in the family Flaviviridae, suggesting that SbCNV-5 is a positive-polarity ssRNA virus. SbCNV-5 RNA was present in all nematode developmental stages, indicating a transovarial mode of transmission, but is also potentially sexually transmitted via the male. SbCNV-5 was common in SCN laboratory cultures and in nematode populations isolated from the field. Transmission electron microscopy of sections from a female SCN showed virus particles budding from the endoplasmic reticulum and in endosomes. The size of the viral genome was 19 191 nt, which makes it much larger than other known pestiviruses. Additionally, the presence of a methyltransferase in the SbCNV-5 genome is atypical for a pestivirus. When cDNA sequences were mapped to the genome of SbCNV-5, a disproportionate number aligned to the 3' NTR, suggesting that SbCNV-5 produces a subgenomic RNA, which was confirmed by RNA blot analysis. As subgenomic RNAs and methyltransferases do not occur in pestiviruses, we conclude that SbCNV-5 is a new flavivirus infecting SCNs. C1 [Bekal, Sadia; Bhalerao, Kaustubh] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61810 USA. [Domier, Leslie L.; Gonfa, Biruk; McCoppin, Nancy K.; Lambert, Kris N.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61810 USA. [Domier, Leslie L.; McCoppin, Nancy K.] Univ Illinois, ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Bekal, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61810 USA. EM sbekal8@gmail.com FU United Soybean Board; Soybean Nanotechnology grant program in the College of ACES at the University of Illinois FX We would like to thank the United Soybean Board and the Soybean Nanotechnology grant program in the College of ACES at the University of Illinois for financial support. We also thank Professor Jason Bond for providing field soil samples containing SCN cysts. NR 49 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 21 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 EI 1465-2099 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 95 BP 1272 EP 1280 DI 10.1099/vir.0.060889-0 PN 6 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA AK1LN UT WOS:000338176700008 PM 24643877 ER PT J AU Bajwa, SG Bajwa, DS Holt, GA Wedegaertner, TC AF Bajwa, Sreekala G. Bajwa, Dilpreet S. Holt, Greg A. Wedegaertner, Thomas C. TI Commercial-scale evaluation of two agricultural waste products, cotton burr/stem and module wraps, in thermoplastic composites and its comparison with laboratory-scale results SO JOURNAL OF THERMOPLASTIC COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE Composites; thermoplastic; fiber filler; cotton gin waste; module wrap ID GIN; BOARDS AB Laboratory-scale research had shown the potential of using cotton burr/stem (CBS) as fiber filler in thermoplastic composites. This study evaluates the potential of using waste materials from cotton harvesting/ginning operations, CBS and cotton module wraps (CMWs), as a filler and substrate in thermoplastic composites at commercial scale. The study also compares the effect of scale-up from laboratory to commercial scale on the properties of the thermoplastic composite materials. Two separate commercial trials were conducted to manufacture thermoplastic composite boards with (a) 0, 12.5, 25 and 37.5% by weight of CBS and (b) up to 30% by weight of CMW. Testing of these samples showed that commercial-scale samples with 12.5% CBS had all properties comparable to those made with wood filler. At higher substitution rates, CBS tended to increase water absorption and coefficient of thermal expansion, and increase nail-holding capacity (NHC) and hardness in commercial-scale samples. This study also showed that CMW can be substituted by up to 30% by weight without deterioration of properties in comparison with a commercially available product. Scaling of the process had significant influence on all properties tested, expect NHC. In general, all commercial-scale samples exhibited physicomechanical properties within the range of properties reported for commercially available wood-plastic composite decking materials. C1 [Bajwa, Sreekala G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Bajwa, Dilpreet S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Holt, Greg A.] USDA ARS, Cotton Prod & Proc Res Unit, Artists Rights Soc, Lubbock, TX USA. [Wedegaertner, Thomas C.] Cotton Inc, Cottonseed Res & Mkt, Cary, NC USA. RP Bajwa, SG (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 1221 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Sreekala.Bajwa@ndsu.edu FU Cotton Inc. [07-273] FX This project was funded by the research grant no. 07-273 from Cotton Inc. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0892-7057 EI 1530-7980 J9 J THERMOPLAST COMPOS JI J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 27 IS 6 BP 741 EP 757 DI 10.1177/0892705712454865 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA AJ9MH UT WOS:000338034800003 ER PT J AU Gold, SE AF Gold, Scott E. TI Comment on "Physical methods for genetic transformation of fungi and yeast" by Ana L. Rivera, Denis Magana-Ortiz, Miguel Gomez-Lim, Francisco Fernandez and Achim M. Loske SO PHYSICS OF LIFE REVIEWS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Gold, SE (reprint author), ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1571-0645 EI 1873-1457 J9 PHYS LIFE REV JI Phys. Life Rev. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 11 IS 2 BP 215 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.plrev.2014.03.002 PG 2 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA AJ8UH UT WOS:000337982800013 PM 24721713 ER PT J AU Naylor, GRS Delhom, CD Cui, XL Gourlot, JP Rodgers, J AF Naylor, Geoffrey R. S. Delhom, Christopher D. Cui, Xiaoliang Gourlot, Jean-Paul Rodgers, James TI Understanding the influence of fiber length on the High Volume Instrument (TM) measurement of cotton fiber strength SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Measurement; materials; properties; materials; strength; materials; testing; fabrication ID HVI MEASUREMENTS AB An earlier study confirmed the influence of cotton fiber length characteristics on the High Volume Instrument (TM) (HVI) strength measurement and devised a quantitative correction factor to compensate for the effect. The current paper investigated the validity of two important assumptions utilized in the previous study. Firstly, single fiber testing confirmed that the particular sample preparation method used to generate samples of different fiber length characteristics from a common cotton sliver did not introduce any inherent damage to the fibers (and so this could not be the explanation for the observed trend in measured fiber strength as a function of fiber length). Secondly, the positioning of the jaws relative to the beard in the HVI strength measurement was explored. This positioning was found to be quite variable for replicate measurements on the same cotton being a function of the size of each individual beard. The average positioning between the different samples was found to be similar and this validated the assumption and approach used previously for deriving the correction factor for that particular sample set. Characterizing the position of the jaws was extended using a wider range of cotton samples. The HVI positioning algorithm appears to not simply be a function of the size of the beard (i.e. the 'amount' parameter), but is also dependent on fiber length characteristics. It was also observed that the reported HVI elongation values displayed both a significant bias due to fiber length and also a dependence on the size of individual beards tested. C1 [Naylor, Geoffrey R. S.] CSIRO, Belmont, Vic 3216, Australia. [Delhom, Christopher D.; Cui, Xiaoliang] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Gourlot, Jean-Paul] CIRAD PERSYST, Montpellier, France. [Rodgers, James] SRRC ARS USDA, Orleans, LA USA. RP Naylor, GRS (reprint author), CSIRO, POB 21, Belmont, Vic 3216, Australia. EM Geoff.Naylor@csiro.au FU Australian Cotton Research and Development Corporation; CSIRO; USDA FX This work was supported by the Australian Cotton Research and Development Corporation, CSIRO and the USDA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 84 IS 9 BP 979 EP 988 DI 10.1177/0040517513515318 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AJ9FT UT WOS:000338013800010 ER PT J AU Bartholomew, ML Heffernan, RT Wright, JG Klos, RF Monson, T Khan, S Trees, E Sabol, A Willems, RA Flynn, R Deasy, MP Jones, B Davis, JP AF Bartholomew, Michael L. Heffernan, Richard T. Wright, Jennifer G. Klos, Rachel F. Monson, Timothy Khan, Sofiya Trees, Eija Sabol, Ashley Willems, Robert A. Flynn, Raymond Deasy, Marshall P. Jones, Benjamen Davis, Jeffrey P. TI Multistate Outbreak of Salmonella enterica Serotype Enteritidis Infection Associated with Pet Guinea Pigs SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Salmonellosis; Salmonella enteritidis; Guinea pigs ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES; EXOTIC PETS; TYPHIMURIUM; CONTACT; ILLNESS; TRANSPORTATION; FOOD AB Salmonella causes about one million illnesses annually in the United States. Although most infections result from foodborne exposures, animal contact is an important mode of transmission. We investigated a case of Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis (SE) sternal osteomyelitis in a previously healthy child who cared for two recently deceased guinea pigs (GPs). A case was defined as SE pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) XbaI pattern JEGX01.0021, BlnI pattern JEGA26.0002 (outbreak strain) infection occurring during 2010 in a patient who reported GP exposure. To locate outbreak strain isolates, PulseNet and the US Department of Agriculture National Veterinary Service Laboratories (NVSL) databases were queried. Outbreak strain isolates underwent multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). Traceback and environmental investigations were conducted at homes, stores, and breeder or broker facilities. We detected 10 cases among residents of eight states and four NVSL GP outbreak strain isolates. One patient was hospitalized; none died. The median patient age was 9.5 (range, 1-61) years. Among 10 patients, two purchased GPs at independent stores, and three purchased GPs at different national retail chain (chain A) store locations; three were chain A employees and two reported GP exposures of unknown characterization. MLVA revealed four related patterns. Tracebacks identified four distributors and 92 sources supplying GPs to chain A, including one breeder potentially supplying GPs to all case-associated chain A stores. All environmental samples were Salmonella culture-negative. A definitive SE-contaminated environmental source was not identified. Because GPs can harbor Salmonella, consumers and pet industry personnel should be educated regarding risks. C1 [Bartholomew, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bartholomew, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bartholomew, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bartholomew, Michael L.; Heffernan, Richard T.; Klos, Rachel F.; Davis, Jeffrey P.] Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53701 USA. [Wright, Jennifer G.; Khan, Sofiya; Trees, Eija; Sabol, Ashley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Monson, Timothy] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Willems, Robert A.; Flynn, Raymond] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Deasy, Marshall P.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Jones, Benjamen] Waukesha Cty Hlth & Human Serv Dept, Publ Hlth Div, Waukesha, WI USA. RP Bartholomew, ML (reprint author), Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, 1 West Wilson St,Room 318, Madison, WI 53701 USA. EM michael.l.bartholomew@gmail.com FU Wisconsin Division of Public Health; Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Emergency Response; Center for Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity FX This work is dedicated in memory of Richard Thomas Burch Heffernan, a dedicated epidemiologist, trusted colleague, strong leader, mentor, and dear friend. We are indebted to the many local and state public health officials, clinicians, infection preventionists, and laboratory staff who submitted case reports and provided information to support this investigation. This work was supported by the Wisconsin Division of Public Health with funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Emergency Response and Epidemiology and Laboratory Capacity cooperative agreements. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 14 IS 6 BP 414 EP 421 DI 10.1089/vbz.2013.1506 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ8MI UT WOS:000337958500006 PM 24866204 ER PT J AU Robertson, K Feldman, K AF Robertson, Kis Feldman, Katherine TI Clinician Outreach to Improve the Quality of Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis Administration: Maryland's Experience, 2010-2011 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rabies; Postexposure prophylaxis; Physicians; Medical errors; Awareness; Education ID INFORMATION; ERRORS AB Errors in the administration of rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) are known to occur despite guidelines promulgated by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). In addition to elevating a patient's PEP failure risk, errors in administration increase medical expenses. A record review conducted at a local health department in Maryland revealed that similar to 8% of reported PEPs deviated from ACIP guidelines. Physicians surveyed at a local hospital also demonstrated knowledge gaps concerning use of rabies immune globulin and special indications for the five-dose PEP series. In response, we implemented an intervention to raise clinician awareness and adherence to recommended protocols. Activities included development of a patient fact sheet, hospital-based poster, and online training course targeted to a diverse group of healthcare providers. We also explored the use of hospital informatics in delivering PEP guidance. Clinician outreach by using a multipronged approach might increase adherence to recommended protocols. C1 [Robertson, Kis] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Feldman, Katherine] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Robertson, K (reprint author), USDA, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Stop 3766,PP 3,9-210B, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM kis.robertson@fsis.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 14 IS 6 BP 454 EP 460 DI 10.1089/vbz.2013.1305 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ8MI UT WOS:000337958500010 PM 24754462 ER PT J AU Wang, XD AF Wang, X. D. TI THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ALCOHOL AND CAROTENOIDS/VITAMIN A METABOLISM: IMPLICATIONS FOR ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISEASE PREVENTION SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 37th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research-Society-on-Alcoholism (RSA) / 17th Congress of the International-Society-for-Biomedical-Research-on-Alcoholism (ISBRA) CY JUN 21-25, 2014 CL Bellevue, WA SP Res Soc Alcoholism, Int Soc Biomed Res Alcoholism C1 [Wang, X. D.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-6008 EI 1530-0277 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 SU 1 SI SI MA 064 BP 308A EP 308A PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA AJ2VX UT WOS:000337523701431 ER PT J AU O'Connor, A Anthony, R Bergamasco, L Coetzee, J Gould, S Johnson, AK Karriker, LA Marchant-Forde, JN Martineau, GS McKean, J Millman, ST Niekamp, S Pajor, EA Rutherford, K Sprague, M Sutherland, M von Borell, E Dzikamunhenga, RS AF O'Connor, A. Anthony, R. Bergamasco, L. Coetzee, J. Gould, S. Johnson, A. K. Karriker, L. A. Marchant-Forde, J. N. Martineau, G. S. McKean, J. Millman, S. T. Niekamp, S. Pajor, E. A. Rutherford, K. Sprague, M. Sutherland, M. von Borell, E. Dzikamunhenga, R. S. TI Pain management in the neonatal piglet during routine management procedures. Part 2: Grading the quality of evidence and the strength of recommendations SO ANIMAL HEALTH RESEARCH REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE Systematic review; animal welfare; swine; pain; castration; GRADE; piglets ID PREEMPTIVE ANALGESIA; ANIMAL-WELFARE; LOCAL-ANESTHESIA; FINDINGS TABLES; UNITED-STATES; GROUP LEVEL; CASTRATION; BEHAVIOR; PIGS; VOCALIZATION AB Piglets reared in swine production in the USA undergo painful procedures that include castration, tail docking, teeth clipping, and identification with ear notching or tagging. These procedures are usually performed without pain mitigation. The objective of this project was to develop recommendations for pain mitigation in 1- to 28-day-old piglets undergoing these procedures. The National Pork Board funded project to develop recommendations for pain mitigation in piglets. Recommendation development followed a defined multi-step process that included an evidence summary and estimates of the efficacies of interventions. The results of a systematic review of the interventions were reported in a companion paper. This manuscript describes the recommendation development process and the final recommendations. Recommendations were developed for three interventions (CO2/O-2 general anesthesia, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and lidocaine) for use during castration. The ability to make strong recommendations was limited by low-quality evidence and strong certainty about variation in stakeholder values and preferences. The panel strongly recommended against the use of a CO2/O-2 general anesthesia mixture, weakly recommended for the use of NSAIDs and weakly recommended against the use of lidocaine for pain mitigation during castration of 1- to 28-day-old piglets. C1 [O'Connor, A.; Coetzee, J.; Gould, S.; Johnson, A. K.; Karriker, L. A.; Millman, S. T.; Dzikamunhenga, R. S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Anthony, R.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Philosophy, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bergamasco, L.; McKean, J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Marchant-Forde, J. N.] ARS, USDA, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Martineau, G. S.] Natl Vet Sch Toulouse, Toulouse, France. [Niekamp, S.] Natl Pork Board, Des Moines, IA USA. [Pajor, E. A.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Rutherford, K.] Scotlandd Royal Coll SRUC, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Sprague, M.] Amer Assoc Swine Veterinarians AASV, Perry, IA USA. [Sutherland, M.] AgResearch Ltd, Ruakura Res Ctr, Hamilton, New Zealand. [von Borell, E.] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Agr & Nutr Sci, D-06108 Halle, Germany. RP O'Connor, A (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM oconnor@iastate.edu RI Rutherford, Kenneth/I-7638-2014; Johnson, Anna/E-9319-2015; O'Connor, Annette/E-5591-2010; OI Rutherford, Kenneth/0000-0003-1944-3023; Sutherland, Mhairi/0000-0001-6972-2405; Johnson, Anna/0000-0001-7687-0465; O'Connor, Annette/0000-0003-0604-7822; Millman, Suzanne/0000-0001-5752-4647; Marchant-Forde, Jeremy/0000-0002-5287-2914 FU National Pork Board (NPB) [12-186] FX This project was funded by the National Pork Board (NPB) (Grant no. 12-186). NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 38 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1466-2523 EI 1475-2654 J9 ANIM HEALTH RES REV JI Anim. Health Res. Rev. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 1 BP 39 EP 62 DI 10.1017/S1466252314000073 PG 24 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AJ5WE UT WOS:000337760100004 PM 25605278 ER PT J AU Tseng, M Fratamico, PM Manning, SD Funk, JA AF Tseng, Marion Fratamico, Pina M. Manning, Shannon D. Funk, Julie A. TI Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in swine: the public health perspective SO ANIMAL HEALTH RESEARCH REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC); swine; food safety ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES; VIRULENCE PROFILES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; PORCINE ORIGIN; FECAL SAMPLES; RETAIL MEAT AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are food-borne pathogens that are an important public health concern. STEC infection is associated with severe clinical diseases in human beings, including hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can lead to kidney failure and death. Cattle are the most important STEC reservoir. However, a number of STEC outbreaks and HUS cases have been attributed to pork products. In swine, STEC strains are known to be associated with edema disease. Nevertheless, the relationship between STEC of swine origin and human illness has yet to be determined. This review critically summarizes epidemiologic and biological studies of swine STEC. Several epidemiologic studies conducted in multiple regions of the world have demonstrated that domestic swine can carry and shed STEC. Moreover, animal studies have demonstrated that swine are susceptible to STEC O157:H7 infection and can shed the bacterium for 2 months. A limited number of molecular epidemiologic studies, however, have provided conflicting evidence regarding the relationship between swine STEC and human illness. The role that swine play in STEC transmission to people and the contribution to human disease frequency requires further evaluation. C1 [Tseng, Marion; Funk, Julie A.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fratamico, Pina M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Manning, Shannon D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Tseng, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM marionkttseng@gmail.com OI Manning, Shannon/0000-0001-9581-0660 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U19 AI090872] NR 116 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 19 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1466-2523 EI 1475-2654 J9 ANIM HEALTH RES REV JI Anim. Health Res. Rev. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 1 BP 63 EP 75 DI 10.1017/S1466252313000170 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AJ5WE UT WOS:000337760100005 PM 24397985 ER PT J AU Lee, ST Cook, D Molyneux, RJ AF Lee, Stephen T. Cook, Daniel Molyneux, Russell J. TI Identification of the quinolizidine alkaloids in Sophora leachiana SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sophora; Sophora leachiana; Quinolizidine alkaloids ID PROFILES; LUPINUS; MATRINE C1 [Lee, Stephen T.; Cook, Daniel] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Molyneux, Russell J.] Univ Hawaii, Coll Pharm, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Lee, ST (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM stephen.lee@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 EI 1873-2925 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 54 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1016/j.bse.2013.12.020 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AJ5ZO UT WOS:000337769700001 ER PT J AU Gurung, RB Begg, DJ Purdie, AC de Silva, K Bannantine, JP Whittington, RJ AF Gurung, Ratna B. Begg, Douglas J. Purdie, Auriol C. de Silva, Kumudika Bannantine, John P. Whittington, Richard J. TI Lymphoproliferative and Gamma Interferon Responses to Stress-Regulated Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis Recombinant Proteins SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; JOHNES-DISEASE; SUBCLINICAL PARATUBERCULOSIS; PARTIAL PROTEOME; GROWTH-PATTERN; IN-VITRO; SHEEP; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIGENS AB Johne's disease in ruminants is a chronic infection of the intestines caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. An important strategy to control disease is early detection, and a potentially efficient method for early detection is measurement of cell-mediated immune responses developed by the host in response to exposure or infection. One method is to measure lymphoproliferation and cytokine release from the host cells when exposed to the organism or parts of the organism. In this study, 10 recombinant M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis proteins known to be upregulated under in vitro stress conditions were evaluated by examining their ability to evoke memory as a result of exposure by vaccination or oral challenge with live Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. Out of 10 proteins, MAP2698c was found to induce higher cell-mediated immune responses in vaccinated and challenged sheep in comparison to healthy controls. The findings suggest that not all stress-regulated proteins have the diagnostic potential to detect cell-mediated immune responses in ovine paratuberculosis. C1 [Gurung, Ratna B.; Begg, Douglas J.; Purdie, Auriol C.; de Silva, Kumudika; Whittington, Richard J.] Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Camden, NSW, Australia. [Bannantine, John P.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Whittington, RJ (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Fac Vet Sci, Camden, NSW, Australia. EM richard.whittington@sydney.edu.au RI de Silva, Kumudika/C-1310-2015; OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU Meat and Livestock Australia; Cattle Council of Australia; Sheepmeat Council of Australia; WoolProducers Australia through Animal Health Australia FX This work was supported by Meat and Livestock Australia and by Cattle Council of Australia, Sheepmeat Council of Australia, and WoolProducers Australia through Animal Health Australia. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 21 IS 6 BP 831 EP 837 DI 10.1128/CVI.00775-13 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AJ0NW UT WOS:000337352500008 PM 24695774 ER PT J AU Abrams, SA Hawthorne, KM Placencia, JL Dinh, KL AF Abrams, Steven A. Hawthorne, Keli M. Placencia, Jennifer L. Dinh, Kimberly L. TI Micronutrient Requirements of High-Risk Infants SO CLINICS IN PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Micronutrients; Premature infants; Nutrient shortages; Intravenous nutrition; Calcium ID PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; CALCIUM-CHLORIDE; PRETERM INFANTS; PRECIPITATION; SHORTAGE AB Micronutrient requirements are well-established for healthy full-term infants. However, few such recommendations exist for high-risk infants, including full-term infants with a variety of medical disorders or very preterm infants. Key micronutrients considered in this review are calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, and zinc. The ongoing unresolved shortages, especially of intravenous forms of these minerals, remain a major problem. Considered are some aspects of how the nutrient shortages may be managed, recognizing the complexity and changing nature of the supply. C1 [Abrams, Steven A.; Hawthorne, Keli M.; Placencia, Jennifer L.; Dinh, Kimberly L.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Abrams, SA (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Dept Pediat,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St,7074, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM sabrams@bcm.edu OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0095-5108 EI 1557-9840 J9 CLIN PERINATOL JI Clin. Perinatol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 41 IS 2 BP 347 EP + DI 10.1016/j.clp.2014.02.009 PG 16 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AJ4JU UT WOS:000337643200007 PM 24873837 ER PT J AU Chikaraishi, Y Steffan, SA Ogawa, NO Ishikawa, NF Sasaki, Y Tsuchiya, M Ohkouchi, N AF Chikaraishi, Yoshito Steffan, Shawn A. Ogawa, Nanako O. Ishikawa, Naoto F. Sasaki, Yoko Tsuchiya, Masashi Ohkouchi, Naohiko TI High-resolution food webs based on nitrogen isotopic composition of amino acids SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Carnivores; compound-specific isotope analysis; ecosystem; herbivores; omnivores; predators; primary producers; trophic position ID RATIO MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TROPHIC POSITION; PREDATOR DIVERSITY; DELTA-N-15 VALUES; NORTH-ATLANTIC; BONE-COLLAGEN; FISH MUSCLE; CARBON; FRACTIONATION; DELTA-C-13 AB Food webs are known to have myriad trophic links between resource and consumer species. While herbivores have well-understood trophic tendencies, the difficulties associated with characterizing the trophic positions of higher-order consumers have remained a major problem in food web ecology. To better understand trophic linkages in food webs, analysis of the stable nitrogen isotopic composition of amino acids has been introduced as a potential means of providing accurate trophic position estimates. In the present study, we employ this method to estimate the trophic positions of 200 free-roaming organisms, representing 39 species in coastal marine (a stony shore) and 38 species in terrestrial (a fruit farm) environments. Based on the trophic positions from the isotopic composition of amino acids, we are able to resolve the trophic structure of these complex food webs. Our approach reveals a high degree of trophic omnivory (i.e., noninteger trophic positions) among carnivorous species such as marine fish and terrestrial hornets. This information not only clarifies the trophic tendencies of species within their respective communities, but also suggests that trophic omnivory may be common in these webs. C1 [Chikaraishi, Yoshito; Ogawa, Nanako O.; Ishikawa, Naoto F.; Sasaki, Yoko; Tsuchiya, Masashi; Ohkouchi, Naohiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. [Steffan, Shawn A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Chikaraishi, Y (reprint author), Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, 2-15 Natsushima Cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan. EM ychikaraishi@jamstec.go.jp RI Ishikawa, Naoto/C-2986-2012 OI Ishikawa, Naoto/0000-0002-8268-9512 FU JSPS; USDA-ARS [3655-21220-001-00D] FX This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of the JSPS (Y.C., N.O.O., M.T., and N.O.) and USDA-ARS appropriated funds to SAS (3655-21220-001-00D). NR 65 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 8 U2 76 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 4 IS 12 BP 2423 EP 2449 DI 10.1002/ece3.1103 PG 27 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AJ5PX UT WOS:000337738800010 PM 25360278 ER PT J AU Negron, JF Fettig, CJ AF Negron, Jose F. Fettig, Christopher J. TI Mountain Pine Beetle, a Major Disturbance Agent in US Western Coniferous Forests: A Synthesis of the State of Knowledge SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; RANGE EXPANSION; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLES; COLONIZATION BEHAVIOR; COLEOPTERA; SCOLYTIDAE; DYNAMICS; CONSEQUENCES; AGGREGATION C1 [Negron, Jose F.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Fettig, Christopher J.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Negron, JF (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM jnegron@fi.fed.us; cfettig@fs.fed.us NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 28 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 409 EP 413 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-169 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300001 ER PT J AU Progar, RA Gillette, N Fettig, CJ Hrinkevich, K AF Progar, Robert A. Gillette, Nancy Fettig, Christopher J. Hrinkevich, Kathryn TI Applied Chemical Ecology of the Mountain Pine Beetle SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE attractant; Dendroctonus ponderosae; exo-brevicomin; inhibitor; kairomone; pheromone; cis-verbenol; trans-verbenol; verbenone ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; BLUE-STAIN FUNGI; NONHOST ANGIOSPERM VOLATILES; MULTIPLE-FUNNEL TRAPS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLES; HOPKINS COLEOPTERA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; TRANS-VERBENOL AB Mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, is a primary agent of forest disturbance in western North America. Episodic outbreaks occur at the convergence of favorable forest age and size class structure and climate patterns. Recent outbreaks have exceeded the historic range of variability of D. ponderosae-caused tree mortality affecting ecosystem goods and services at broad spatial scales. At the same time, significant advances have occurred in our understanding of the chemical ecology of D. ponderosae and in the development of semiochemical-based tools and tactics to protect trees from mortality attributed to D. ponderosae. We synthesize related information relevant to the ecology and management of D. ponderosae and identify factors limiting the effectiveness and utility of semiochemical treatments, areas of continuing research and fields for which further work is needed. C1 [Progar, Robert A.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Gillette, Nancy; Fettig, Christopher J.] USDA Forest Serv, La Grande, OR USA. [Hrinkevich, Kathryn] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Progar, RA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. EM rprogar@fs.fed.us; ngillette@fs.fed.us; cfettig@fs.fed.us; hrinkevk@onid.orstate.edu NR 215 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 43 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 414 EP 433 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-010 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300002 ER PT J AU Beniz, B Vandygriff, J Jensen, C Coleman, T Maloney, P Smith, S Grady, A Schen-Langenheim, G AF Beniz, Barbara Vandygriff, James Jensen, Camille Coleman, Tom Maloney, Patricia Smith, Sheri Grady, Amanda Schen-Langenheim, Greta TI Mountain Pine Beetle Voltinism and Life History Characteristics across Latitudinal and Elevational Gradients in the Western United States SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bark beetle; climate change; countergradient variation; Dendroctonus ponderosae; phenology ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; SPRUCE BARK BEETLE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE EXPANSION; WHITEBARK-PINE; SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HOPKINS COLEOPTERA; DEVELOPMENT TIME; IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS AB Substantial genetic variation in development time is known to exist among mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) populations across the western United States. The effect of this variation on geographic patterns in voltinism (generation time) and thermal requirements to produce specific voltinism pathways have not been investigated. The influence of voltinism on fitness traits, body size, and sex ratio is also unclear. We monitored mountain pine beetle voltinism, adult body size, sex ratio, and air temperatures at sites across latitudinal and elevational gradients in the western United States. With the exception of two sites at the coolest and warmest locations, the number of days required to complete a generation was similar. Thermal units required to achieve a generation, however, were significantly less for individuals at the coolest sites. Evolved adaptations explain this pattern, including developmental rates and thresholds that serve to synchronize cohorts and minimize cold-sensitive life stages in winter. These same adaptations reduce the capacity of mountain pine beetle at the warmest sites to take full advantage of increased thermal units, limiting the capacity for bivoltinism within the current realized distribution. Temperature was not correlated with adult size and sex ratio, and size was greatest in host trees other than lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.). Our results provide baseline information for evaluating population responses in a changing climate. C1 [Beniz, Barbara; Vandygriff, James; Schen-Langenheim, Greta] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. [Jensen, Camille; Maloney, Patricia] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Coleman, Tom; Smith, Sheri; Grady, Amanda] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Logan, UT USA. RP Beniz, B (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM bbentz@fs.fed.us; jvandygriff@fs.fed.us; jensencamille@gmail.com; twcoleman@fs.fed.us; patricia-maloney@sbcglobal.net; ssmith@fs.fed.us; agrady@fs.fed.us; gretaksl@gmail.com FU USDA Forest Service; Forest Health Monitoring Program [WC-EM-09-02]; Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Cente; Forest Health Protection Region 5 and Washington Office; National Science Foundation [DEB-0918756, DEB-0077663] FX We thank Ryan Bracewell, Leslie Brown, Andreana Cipollone, Matt Hansen, Justin Heavilin, Stacy Hishinuma, Leverett Hubbard, Michael I. Jones, Brian Knox, Joshua Lambdin, and Jim Powell for support in the field. David Fournier and Joey Keeley with the Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit, Connie Mehmel with Forest Health Protection, and employees with the Beaverhead-Deerlodge, Caribou-Targhee, Lassen, Okanogan-Wenatchee, San Bernardino, Sawtooth, Shoshone, Tahoe, and Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forests assisted with field sites. Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Program (WC-EM-09-02), the Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center, and the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection Region 5 and Washington Office. Funding from National Science Foundation DEB-0918756 and DEB-0077663 also contributed to this study. Comments from Matt Hansen, two anonymous reviewers, and the associate editor substantially improved the article. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 43 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 434 EP 449 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-056 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300003 ER PT J AU Fettig, CJ Gibson, KE Munson, AS Negron, JF AF Fettig, Christopher J. Gibson, Kenneth E. Munson, A. Steven Negron, Jose F. TI Cultural Practices for Prevention and Mitigation of Mountain Pine Beetle Infestations SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Dendroctonus ponderosae; direct control; indirect control; Pinus contorta; Pinus ponderosa ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; FUEL REDUCTION TREATMENTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-CENTRAL OREGON; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLES; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; AGGREGATION PHEROMONES AB In recent years, the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, has impacted >8.9 million hectares of forests in the western United States. During endemic populations, trees weakened by other agents are often colonized by D. ponderosae but may be difficult to detect due to their scarcity. Once populations reach incipient levels, tree defenses are often insufficient in deterring mass attacks, and populations rapidly increase causing substantial levels of tree mortality under certain circumstances. There are two general approaches for reducing the negative impacts of D. ponderosae on forests. Direct control involves short-term tactics designed to address current infestations by manipulating beetle populations and includes the use of fire, insecticides, semiochemicals, sanitation harvests, or combinations of these treatments. Indirect control is preventive and designed to reduce the probability and severity of future infestations by manipulating stand, forest and/or landscape conditions by reducing the number of susceptible host trees through thinning, prescribed burning, and/or alterations of age classes and species composition. We review tree, stand, and landscape factors associated with D. ponderosae infestations and analyze the effectiveness of treatments for preventing and mitigating undesirable levels of tree mortality. We describe the current state of our knowledge and identify gaps for making informed management decisions. C1 [Fettig, Christopher J.; Gibson, Kenneth E.; Munson, A. Steven; Negron, Jose F.] USDA Forest Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Fettig, CJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cfettig@fs.fed.us; keg_a1@bresnan.net; smunson@fs.fed.us; jnegron@fs.fed.us FU Washington Office (USDA Forest Service) to the Western Bark Beetle Research Group FX We thank numerous colleagues in the USDA Forest Service, Canadian Forest Service, universities, state and provincial governments, and the private sector for their helpful insights and thoughtful debate and dialogue over the years, which influenced the content of this article. This work was funded, in part, by a grant from the Washington Office (USDA Forest Service) to the Western Bark Beetle Research Group. This article was written and prepared by US Government employees on official time and it is, therefore, in the public domain and not subject to copyright. NR 158 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 40 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 450 EP 463 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-032 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300004 ER PT J AU Lundquist, JE Reich, RM AF Lundquist, John E. Reich, Robin M. TI Landscape Dynamics of Mountain Pine Beetles SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bark beetles; forest insects; insect epidemiology; spatial analysis; spatial dynamics ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; RED-ATTACK DAMAGE; BARK BEETLE; STAND CHARACTERISTICS; UNITED-STATES; SPATIOTEMPORAL PATTERNS; FOREST DISTURBANCES; SPATIAL SYNCHRONY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; WHITEBARK-PINE AB The magnitude and urgency of current mountain pine beetle outbreaks in the western United States and Canada have resulted in numerous studies of the dynamics and impacts of these insects in forested ecosystems. This paper reviews some of the aspects of the spatial dynamics and landscape ecology of this bark beetle. Landscape heterogeneity influences dispersal patterns in many ways, but little is known about these influences that can be used in management efforts, and the natural range of variability of this insect remains undefined. Short range spread is often determined by the active responses of the beetle to chemical and physical cues. Long-range spread is often facilitated by winds above the canopy, which can move insects hundreds of kilometers. New concepts and tools are emerging that have been adapted from landscape ecology and spatial statistics. Categorical map analysis has been widely used to quantify infested landscapes. Spatial statistical analysis and point process models are acquiring more recent favor. Landscape entomology is an active area of forestry research. C1 [Lundquist, John E.] USDA Forest Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Reich, Robin M.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Lundquist, JE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. EM jlundquist@fs.fed.us; robin@cnr.colostate.edu FU Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center (WWETAC) FX The authors would like to acknowledge reviews of earlier version of this paper by Bob Cain, Rick Kelsey, Marcia Patton-Mallory, Chris Fettig; Jose Negron, and Iral Ragenovich. Their suggestions have been very helpful. This project was partially funded by the Western Wildlands Environmental Threat Assessment Center (WWETAC). NR 111 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 50 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 464 EP 475 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-064 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300005 ER PT J AU Hansen, EM AF Hansen, E. Matthew TI Forest Development and Carbon Dynamics after Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE forest recovery; carbon productivity; carbon storage; bark beetle impacts; disturbance ecology ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; CENTRAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; LODGEPOLE PINE; STAND DEVELOPMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATIONAL-PARK; TREE MORTALITY; CENTRAL OREGON; UNITED-STATES AB Mountain pine beetles periodically infest pine forests in western North America, killing many or most overstory pine stems. The surviving secondary stand structure, along with recruited seedlings, will form the future canopy. Thus, even-aged pine stands become multiaged and multistoried. The species composition of affected stands will depend on the presence of nonpines and outbreak severity, among other factors, and can range from continued dominance by pines to hastened conversion to more shade-tolerant species. The loss of mature host trees results in reductions of ecosystem carbon productivity. The surviving and recruited stems, however, grow more quickly in response to the reduced competition, and carbon productivity and live basal area recover to preoutbreak levels within a few years or decades. Infestations may result in system carbon storage reductions, relative to storage among undisturbed developmental trajectories, mostly because of the temporary decrease in carbon productivity. Carbon losses in infested stands are slow as a result of recalcitrance of snags and coarse woody debris. Recalcitrant dead pools combined with recovering live pools results in fairly stable total ecosystem carbon storage among infested stands. Infested stands may switch from net carbon sinks to net carbon sources but typically recover within 5-20 years. C1 USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Hansen, EM (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. EM matthansen@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Evaluation Monitoring program [INT-EM-B-10-03] FX A portion of this work was funded by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Monitoring Evaluation Monitoring program (project INT-EM-B-10-03). Thanks to Michael C. Amacher, Charles C. Rhoades, and Barbara J. Bentz, as well as two anonymous reviewers, for helpful comments regarding earlier versions of this article. James Vandygriff assisted with production of the figures. NR 102 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 39 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 476 EP 488 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-039 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300006 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MJ Runyon, JB Fettig, CJ Page, WG Bentz, BJ AF Jenkins, Michael J. Runyon, Justin B. Fettig, Christopher J. Page, Wesley G. Bentz, Barbara J. TI Interactions among the Mountain Pine Beetle, Fires, and Fuels SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bark beetles; Dendroctonus; disturbance; fire behavior; flammability ID ACTIVE CROWN FIRE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; LODGEPOLE PINE; PONDEROSA PINE; TREE MORTALITY; BARK BEETLES; REDUCTION TREATMENTS; OUTBREAKS CHANGE; PRESCRIBED FIRE AB Bark beetle outbreaks and wildfires are principal drivers of change in western North American forests, and both have increased in severity and extent in recent years. These two agents of disturbance interact in complex ways to shape forest structure and composition. For example, mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, epidemics alter forest fuels with consequences for the frequency and intensity of wildfires and, conversely, fire injury to trees can promote bark beetle attack and increase beetle populations. Given the great influence these processes have on forest ecosystems, a better understanding of how bark beetles and fires interact is needed to better manage forests and to predict and manage wildfires. Here we review current knowledge on how fire and bark beetles interact, focusing on the mountain pine beetle. We highlight research on how fuel reduction treatments and wildfires affect bark beetles and how bark beetles can affect wildfires by modifying the moisture content, chemistry, and structure of fuels. Last, we discuss the implications these findings have for fire management and firefighter safety. C1 [Jenkins, Michael J.; Page, Wesley G.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Runyon, Justin B.; Bentz, Barbara J.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT USA. [Fettig, Christopher J.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. RP Jenkins, MJ (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM mike.jenkins@usu.edu; jrunyon@fs.fed.us; cfettig@fs.fed.us; wgp6@hotmail.com; bbentz@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program; Fire and Fire Surrogate Study; Forest Health Monitoring-Evaluation Monitoring Program; Special Technology Development Program FX We thank our numerous colleagues for their thoughtful debate and dialogue over the years, which helped to shape the content of this article. We thank two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this manuscript. Funding for this project and some of the work cited was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program, Fire and Fire Surrogate Study, Forest Health Monitoring-Evaluation Monitoring Program, and Special Technology Development Program. NR 157 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 15 U2 69 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 489 EP 501 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-017 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300007 ER PT J AU Hoeger, I Gleisner, R Negron, J Rojas, OJ Zhu, JY AF Hoeger, Ingrid Gleisner, Rolland Negron, Jose Rojas, Orlando J. Zhu, J. Y. TI Mountain Pine Beetle-Killed Lodgepole Pine for the Production of Submicron Lignocellulose Fibrils SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cell wall deconstruction; cellulose nanofibrils; lignocellulose fibrils; mechanical fibrillation; mountain pine bark beetle ID CELLULOSIC ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; NANOFIBRILLATED CELLULOSE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; BLUE STAIN; WOOD; PRETREATMENT; NANOPAPER; FIBERS AB The elevated levels of tree mortality attributed to mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) in western North American forests create forest management challenges. This investigation introduces the production of submicron or nanometer lignocellulose fibrils for value-added materials from the widely available resource represented by dead pines after an outbreak. Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.), trees from two different times since infestation and a noninfested live tree as a control were used for mechanical fibrillation. Fiber deconstruction down to the micro-/nanoscale from infested wood was performed using mechanical fibrillation, without any chemical (pre)treatment. The effects of fibrillation were monitored as a function of processing time, and the respective products were characterized. The changes in fibril morphology, cellulose crystallinity, water retention value, and cellulose adsorption capacity were determined. Interestingly, no significant differences were found between fibrillated samples from the live and the MPB-killed trees. It can be concluded that MPB-killed lodgepole pine is a suitable feedstock for the production of lignocellulose micro-/nanofibrils. C1 [Hoeger, Ingrid; Rojas, Orlando J.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gleisner, Rolland; Zhu, J. Y.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. [Negron, Jose] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stat, Madison, WI USA. RP Hoeger, I (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us RI Rojas, Orlando/O-2890-2014 OI Rojas, Orlando/0000-0003-4036-4020 FU USDA Forest Service R&D special finding on Cellulose Nano-Materials FX This work was partially supported by the USDA Forest Service R&D special finding on Cellulose Nano-Materials (2012). We thank John Popp, Rocky Mountain Research Station, for assisting with fieldwork. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 502 EP 511 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-012 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300008 ER PT J AU Mercado, JE Hofstetter, RW Reboletti, DM Negron, JF AF Mercado, Javier E. Hofstetter, Richard W. Reboletti, Danielle M. Negron, Jose F. TI Phoretic Symbionts of the Mountain Pine Beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bacteria; bark beetles; fungi; mites; nematodes; symbiosis ID BLUE-STAIN FUNGI; DUTCH ELM DISEASE; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLE; COLEOPTERA-SCOLYTIDAE; IPS-TYPOGRAPHUS; DOUGLAS-FIR; BURSAPHELENCHUS-XYLOPHILUS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; OPHIOSTOMA-CLAVIGERUM AB During its life cycle, the tree-killing mountain pine beetle Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins interacts with phoretic organisms such as mites, nematodes, fungi, and bacteria. The types of associations these organisms establish with the mountain pine beetle (MPB) vary from mutualistic to antagonistic. The most studied of these interactions are those between beetle and fungi. The least studied are interactions with bacteria, but these have received increased attention recently. Nematodes remain little studied. We reviewed the significant literature pertaining to MPB phoronts. A number of potentially important interactions and contributions resulting from associations between MPB and its phoronts are discussed. A wealth of literature exists on this topic, yet many questions remain unanswered, and the effects of some phoronts on population levels remain unexplored. C1 [Mercado, Javier E.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Agr, USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hofstetter, Richard W.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Reboletti, Danielle M.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Ogden Field Office, Washington, DC USA. [Negron, Jose F.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Station, Washington, DC USA. RP Mercado, JE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Agr, USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM jmercado01@fs.fed.fs; rich.hofstetter@nau.edu; dreboletti@fs.fed.fs; jnegron@fs.fed.us FU USDA [08-JV-11221633-250] FX We thank Dr. Diana L. Six and Dr. Michael J. Wingfield for their review and constructive comments on the Fungi section in earlier versions of the article, Dr. jean Lodge, Dr. Wilhem De Beer and Dr. Walter Gams for their valuable comments on the nomenclature of the Ascomycetous fungi, and Dr. Georg Hausner and Dr. Leonard Hutchinson for detailed information on Ophiostoma montium records. from Eastern Canada. We thank Dr. Dario Ojeda for new information on L. longiclavatum distribution. We would also like to thank John Moser for mite identification and use of the USDA Pineville mite laboratory. We thank the USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station for providing laboratory space and partial support from USDA grant 08-JV-11221633-250. NR 157 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 27 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 512 EP 526 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-045 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300009 ER PT J AU Gillette, NE Wood, DL Hines, SJ Runyon, JB Negron, JF AF Gillette, Nancy E. Wood, David L. Hines, Sarah J. Runyon, Justin B. Negron, Jose F. TI The Once and Future Forest: Consequences of Mountain Pine Beetle Treatment Decisions SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; Dendroctonus; insecticides; semiochemicals; thinning ID DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE COLEOPTERA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LODGEPOLE PINE; BARK BEETLE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE EXPANSION; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; TREE MORTALITY; NORTH-AMERICA; SILVICULTURAL TREATMENTS AB Entomologists and silviculturists have long recommended management of stand basal area and/or mean tree diameter to mitigate the risk of mountain pine beetle (MPB) (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) outbreaks while simultaneously reducing wildfire risk. In recent decades, however, wildfire suppression and reduced harvests in western North America have created a forest landscape that is densely stocked and increasingly susceptible to bark beetle infestations, especially as the climate becomes warmer and drier. We examine the various MPB treatment options available to land managers, including insecticides, semiochemicals, sanitation, and silvicultural treatments, and describe their long-term consequences in terms of risk of future bark beetle outbreaks, wildfire, invasion by exotic weeds, loss of hydrologic values, and carbon sequestration. Paradoxically, the treatments that are most enduring and best preserve the ecosystem services of North American forests are ones that result in some thinning of these stands. We, therefore, propose a renewed focus on silvicultural treatments over large spatial scales, particularly in lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon), and recommend semiochemical treatments, which may not protect all trees, for the protection of high-value trees, especially for high-elevation pines that grow in smaller stands. Prophylactic insecticide applications should be reserved for situations where any tree mortality at all is unacceptable. C1 [Gillette, Nancy E.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Wood, David L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hines, Sarah J.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Albany, CA USA. [Runyon, Justin B.; Negron, Jose F.] USDA Forest Serv, Albany, CA USA. RP Gillette, NE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM beetlegillette@yahoo.com; bigwood@berkeley.edu; shines@fs.fed.us; jrunyon@fs.fed.us; jnegron@fs.fed.us NR 127 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 33 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 527 EP 538 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-040 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300010 ER PT J AU Saab, VA Latif, QS Rowland, MM Johnson, TN Chalfoun, AD Buskirk, SW Heyward, JE Dresser, MA AF Saab, Victoria A. Latif, Quresh S. Rowland, Mary M. Johnson, Tracey N. Chalfoun, Anna D. Buskirk, Steven W. Heyward, Joslin E. Dresser, Matthew A. TI Ecological Consequences of Mountain Pine Beetle Outbreaks for Wildlife in Western North American Forests SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bark beetles; Dendroctonus; disturbance; salvage logging; wildlife ID CAVITY-NESTING BIRDS; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE HOPKINS; BLACK-BACKED WOODPECKERS; RED-BREASTED NUTHATCHES; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; HABITAT SUITABILITY AB Mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) (MPB) outbreaks are increasingly prevalent in western North America, causing considerable ecological change in pine (Pinus spp.) forests with important implications for wildlife. We reviewed studies examining wildlife responses to MPB outbreaks and postoutbreak salvage logging to inform forest management and guide future research. Our review included 16 studies describing MPB outbreak relationships with 89 bird species and 6 studies describing relationships with 11 mammalian species, but no studies of reptiles or amphibians. We included studies that compared wildlife response metrics temporally (before versus after the outbreak) and spatially (across sites that varied in severity of outbreak) in relation to beetle outbreaks. Outbreaks ranged in size from 20,600 to >= 10(7) ha and studies occurred 1-30 years after the peak MPB outbreak, but most studies were conducted over the short-term (i.e., <= 6 years after the peak of MPB-induced tree mortality). Birds were the only taxa studied frequently; however, high variability existed among those studies to allow many inferences, although some patterns were evident. Avian studies concluded that cavity-nesting species responded more favorably to beetle-killed forests than species with open-cup nests, and species nesting in the shrub layer favored outbreak forests compared with ground and open-cup canopy nesters that generally showed mixed relationships. Bark-drilling species as a group clearly demonstrated a positive short-term association with MPB epidemics compared with that of other foraging assemblages. Cavity-nesting birds that do not consume bark beetles (i.e., secondary cavity-nesting species and nonbark-drilling woodpeckers) also exhibited some positive responses to MPB outbreaks, although not as pronounced or consistent as those of bark-drilling woodpeckers. Mammalian responses to MPB outbreaks were mixed. Studies consistently reported negative effects of MPB outbreaks on red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). However, there is evidence that red squirrels can persist after an outbreak under some conditions, e.g., when nonhost tree species are present. For small mammal species associated with forest understories, responses may be most pronounced during the postepidemic period (>6 years after the peak of beetle-induced tree mortality) when snags fall to produce coarse woody debris. Postoutbreak salvage logging studies (n = 6) reported results that lacked consensus. Postoutbreak salvage logging may have an impact on fewer wildlife species than postfire salvage logging, probably because only host-specific tree species are removed after beetle outbreaks. C1 [Saab, Victoria A.; Latif, Quresh S.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Rowland, Mary M.] USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Bozeman, MT USA. [Johnson, Tracey N.; Buskirk, Steven W.; Heyward, Joslin E.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Chalfoun, Anna D.] USGS Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY USA. [Dresser, Matthew A.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT USA. RP Saab, VA (reprint author), USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Montana State Univ Campus, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM vsaab@fs.fed.us; qlatif@fs.fed.us; mrowland@fs.fed.us; tjohns67@uwyo.edu; achalfou@uwyo.edu; marten@uwyo.edu; jheyward@uwyo.edu; mattdresser@gmail.com NR 115 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 13 U2 100 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 539 EP 559 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-022 PG 21 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AJ4RA UT WOS:000337662300011 ER PT J AU Mehring, AS Kuehn, KA Tant, CJ Pringle, CM Lowrance, RR Vellidis, G AF Mehring, Andrew S. Kuehn, Kevin A. Tant, Cynthia J. Pringle, Catherine M. Lowrance, R. Richard Vellidis, George TI Contribution of surface leaf-litter breakdown and forest composition to benthic oxygen demand and ecosystem respiration in a South Georgia blackwater river SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hypoxia; SOD; swamp; litterfall; intermittent; fungi; Taxodium; Nyssa; Acer; Quercus; Suwannee ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; COASTAL-PLAIN; STREAM; METABOLISM; NUTRIENTS; USA; PRODUCTIVITY; ENRICHMENT; RESPONSES; GRADIENT AB Many North American blackwater rivers exhibit low dissolved O-2 (DO) that may be the result of benthic respiration. We examined how tree species affected O-2 demand via the quantity and quality of litter produced. In addition, we compared areal estimates of surface leaf-litter microbial respiration to sediment O-2 demand (SOD) and ecosystem respiration (ER) in stream and swamp reaches of a blackwater river to quantify contributions of surface litter decomposition to O-2 demand. Litter inputs averaged 917 and 678 g m(-2) y(-1) in the swamp and stream, respectively. Tree species differentially affected O-2 demand via the quantity and quality of litter produced. Bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) contributed most litter inputs because of its dominance and because it produced more litter per tree, thereby making greater relative contributions to O-2 demand in the swamp. In the stream, water oak (Quercus nigra) produced litter supporting lower fungal biomass and O-2 uptake rates, but produced more litter than red maple (Acer rubrum). Breakdown rates in the swamp were faster, whereas standing stock decreases were lower than in the stream, indicating greater organic matter retention. Surface litter microbial respiration accounted for 89% of SOD (6.37 g O-2 m(-2) d(-1)), and 57 to 89% of ER in the swamp. Our findings suggest that surface litter drives the majority of O-2 demand in some blackwater swamps, and tree species with higher rates of litterfall may make larger contributions to ER. Forested swamps may be hotspots of O-2 demand in blackwater rivers because low water velocities enhance retention. C1 [Mehring, Andrew S.; Tant, Cynthia J.; Pringle, Catherine M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Kuehn, Kevin A.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Lowrance, R. Richard] ARS, USDA, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Vellidis, George] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Mehring, AS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM amehring@ucsd.edu; kevin.kuehn@usm.edu; cjtant@gmail.com; cpringle@uga.edu; richard.lowrance@ars.usda.gov; yiorgos@uga.edu FU USDA-CSREES Integrated Research, Education, and Extension Competitive Grants Program's National Integrated Water Quality Program [2004-5113002224]; Hatch and State funds allocated to the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations, USDA-ARS CRIS project funds; University of Georgia Graduate School Dissertation Completion Award FX This work was funded by the USDA-CSREES Integrated Research, Education, and Extension Competitive Grants Program's National Integrated Water Quality Program (Award No. 2004-5113002224), Hatch and State funds allocated to the Georgia Agricultural Experiment Stations, USDA-ARS CRIS project funds, and a University of Georgia Graduate School Dissertation Completion Award to ASM. Comments from John Davis, John Kominoski, and 2 anonymous referees greatly improved the manuscript. Amy Rosemond provided laboratory space and field and laboratory equipment. Virginia Broderick, Chris Clegg, Debbie Coker, Will Collier, and Leila Hargett assisted with laboratory analyses, and Katrina Morris and M. Jason Todd provided assistance in the field. We are grateful to James Walker, Zachary Aultman, and the Weyerhauser Company for granting access to their land. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 42 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 377 EP 389 DI 10.1086/675507 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AJ2VF UT WOS:000337521400001 ER PT J AU Xie, WG Robins, JG Escribano, S Bushman, BS Zhang, XQ AF Xie, Wengang Robins, Joseph G. Escribano, Sandra Bushman, B. Shaun Zhang, Xinquan TI Cultivar x binary mixture interaction effect on agronomic traits in orchardgrass SO GRASSLAND SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Carbohydrates; Dactylis; forage quality; forage yield; mixed sward ID WATER-SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE; DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA L.; PERENNIAL FORAGE GRASSES; COOL-SEASON GRASS; YIELD; ALFALFA; GROWTH; PERSISTENCE; RYEGRASS; PROGRESS AB A study was conducted from 2009 to 2012 to evaluate and characterize the agronomic value of seven agronomic traits, including dry matter yield and forage quality of 25 orchardgrass cultivars grown in monoculture and binary mixtures with alfalfa. The irrigated Millville, UT, USA (41 degrees 4124N, 111 degrees 4948W) field site was characterized by a semiarid climate and elevation over 1300m. The cultivarxmixture interaction was significant for all traits but flag leaf height, and contained a substantial crossover component among the cultivars. Differences among cultivar means were significant for all traits in both the monoculture and mixture settings. Yet, concordance for high cultivar performance in both monoculture and mixture was low. Thus, the strong underlying cultivarxmixture interaction found in this study complicates the identification of best cultivars in both settings. Yet, for each trait cultivars were identified that possessed statistically high phenotypic performance under the monoculture and mixed sward conditions. Thus, despite the substantial cultivarxenvironment effect, it should be possible to develop orchardgrass cultivars with improved agronomic performance under both management conditions. C1 [Xie, Wengang] Lanzhou Univ, State Key Lab Grassland Farming Syst, Coll Pastoral Agr Sci & Technol, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Escribano, Sandra] Utah State Univ, Dept Anim Dairy & Vet Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Zhang, Xinquan] Sichuan Agr Univ, Dept Grassland Sci, Anim Sci & Technol Coll, Yaan, Peoples R China. RP Robins, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 6300 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM joseph.robins@ars.usda.gov FU People's Republic of China State Scholarship Fund; National Science Technology Supporting Project [2011BAD17B03] FX We thank Ramsey Buffam, Roz Newman and David Lee for technical support, the People's Republic of China State Scholarship Fund and the National Science Technology Supporting Project (2011BAD17B03) for financial support of Wengang Xie, and Zulfi Jahufer and Patrick Conaghan for their reviews of previous versions of this paper. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-6961 EI 1744-697X J9 GRASSL SCI JI Grassl. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 IS 2 BP 104 EP 111 DI 10.1111/grs.12047 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AJ3UA UT WOS:000337591900005 ER PT J AU Leesburg, VLR MacNeil, MD Neser, FWC AF Leesburg, V. L. R. MacNeil, M. D. Neser, F. W. C. TI Influence of Miles City Line 1 on the United States Hereford population SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef cattle; genomic; migration; pedigree; relationship ID BOS-TAURUS; CATTLE; GENOME AB The goal of this research was to document the influence of Line 1 (L1) Hereford cattle, developed by the USDA at its research facility in Miles City, MT, on the U. S. Hereford population. The L1 Hereford population originated in 1934 and has been thereafter maintained as a closed herd at that location. Dissemination of germplasm began in 1948. Pedigree data for approximately 14 million cattle recorded by the American Hereford Association (AHA) were used. A preliminary experiment was conducted to establish sample size necessary to estimate the pedigree relationship between L1 and the recorded Hereford population. Five random samples of 100, 400, 500, and 3,000 calves were drawn from the sets of calves born in 1980, 1990, and 2000. Sampled calves were pseudo mated to L1 sires from the decades 1968 to 1978, 1978 to 1988, and 1988 to 1998, respectively. Inbreeding coefficients were calculated for the resulting "offspring" and the relationship of each sampled animal to L1 was taken to be twice the maximum inbreeding coefficient for the set of L1 sires used in the pseudo matings. Based on the results of this experiment, it was decided that a sample size of 400 animals per replicate was sufficient to estimate the relationship between L1 and the general Hereford population recorded by the AHA. In a second experiment, 5 sets of 400 animals were drawn from the AHA herdbook representing each year from 1980 to 2008 and pseudo mated to L1 sires and their relationship to L1 calculated as described above. Over the period, the number of animals recorded by the AHA that were related to L1 increased by 1.69 +/- 0.07% per year. The L1 Hereford population was ancestral to 79% of Hereford cattle recorded in 2006 through 2008. The greatest concentration of animals related to L1 was in the Great Plains and eastern Corn Belt of the United States, but animals related to L1 were found in 48 states. In a third experiment, 240 L1 Hereford cattle and 311 sires representative of the Hereford breed in the United States were genotyped using the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip. Resulting genotypes were used to assess the probability that the animals sampled from the U. S. population were members of L1. The average probability of membership in L1 was 0.20 and the regression of genomic probability of membership on pedigree relationship was 1.73 +/- 0.11 (r = 0.65). These results document the far-reaching and profound impact of a long-term research program. C1 [Leesburg, V. L. R.; MacNeil, M. D.] USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. [Leesburg, V. L. R.; MacNeil, M. D.; Neser, F. W. C.] UFS, Dept Anim Wildlife & Grassland Sci, ZA-9300 Bloemfontein, South Africa. [MacNeil, M. D.] Delta G, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Leesburg, VLR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. EM vicki.leesburg@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2387 EP 2394 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-6890 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NR UT WOS:000337351700004 PM 24867928 ER PT J AU Notter, DR Mousel, MR Leeds, TD Zerby, HN Moeller, SJ Lewis, GS Taylor, JB AF Notter, D. R. Mousel, M. R. Leeds, T. D. Zerby, H. N. Moeller, S. J. Lewis, G. S. Taylor, J. B. TI Evaluation of Columbia, USMARC Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams as terminal sires in an extensive rangeland production system: VII. Accuracy of ultrasound predictors and their association with carcass weight, yield, and value SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE breeds; carcass value; linear measurements; prediction equations; sheep; ultrasound ID REAL-TIME ULTRASOUND; LAMB VISION SYSTEM; POSTWEANING GROWTH; MEAT QUALITY; SHEEP; VALIDATION; TRAITS; FAT AB Use of lamb BW or chilled carcass weights (CCW), live-animal ultrasound or direct carcass measurements of backfat thickness (BF; mm) and LM area (LMA; cm(2)), and carcass body wall thickness (BWall; mm) to predict carcass yield and value was evaluated using 512 crossbred lambs produced over 3 yr by mating Columbia, U. S. Meat Animal Research Center Composite, Suffolk, and Texel rams to adult Rambouillet ewes. Lambs were harvested at 3 BW endpoints within each year. The predictive value of 3 to 5 additional linear measurements of live-animal or carcass size and shape was also evaluated. Residual correlations (adjusted for effects of year, breed, and harvest group) between ultrasound and direct measurements were 0.69 for BF and 0.65 for LMA. Increasing ultrasound or carcass LMA had positive effects (P < 0.001) on yield of chilled carcass (i.e., on dressing percentage) and, at comparable CCW, on weight of high-value cuts (rack, loin, leg, and sirloin) before trimming (HVW), weight of trimmed high-value cuts (trimmed rack and loin and trimmed boneless leg and sirloin; TrHVW), and carcass value before (CVal) and after (TrCVal) trimming of high-value cuts. By contrast, ultrasound and direct measures of BF had positive effects on yields of CCW and on HVW and CVal but large negative effects on TrHVW and TrCVal. After adjusting for BW at scanning, increases of 1 mm in ultrasound BF or 1 cm2 in ultrasound LMA were associated with changes of US$-0.32 (P < 0.10) and $ 1.62 (P < 0.001), respectively, in TrCVal. Carcass BWall was generally superior to carcass BF as a predictor of TrHVW and TrCVal. Carcass LMA was superior to ultrasound LMA but carcass BF was inferior to ultrasound BF for prediction of carcass yield and value. Increasing LMA thus would be expected to improve carcass yield and value. Addition of linear measurements of live-animal or carcass size and shape to the prediction model reduced residual SD (RSD) for TrHVW and TrCVal by 0.4 to 2.2%, but subsequent removal of ultrasound or direct measures of BF and LMA from the prediction model increased RSD by 7.4 to 12.2%. Measurements of CCW, LMA, BF, and BWall would thus be appropriate to support programs for value-based marketing of lamb carcasses and are superior to systems based only on measurements of size and shape in unribbed carcasses. C1 [Notter, D. R.; Leeds, T. D.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Mousel, M. R.; Lewis, G. S.; Taylor, J. B.] USDA ARS, US Sheep Expt Stn, Dubois, ID 83423 USA. [Zerby, H. N.; Moeller, S. J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Notter, DR (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM drnotter@vt.edu OI Mousel, Michelle/0000-0003-1367-7005 NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2402 EP 2414 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-7470 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NR UT WOS:000337351700006 PM 24753379 ER PT J AU Vallet, JL Rempel, LA Miles, JR Webel, SK AF Vallet, J. L. Rempel, L. A. Miles, J. R. Webel, S. K. TI Effect of essential fatty acid and zinc supplementation during pregnancy on birth intervals, neonatal piglet brain myelination, stillbirth, and preweaning mortality SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE birth interval; myelin; stillbirth ID CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; FETAL-DEVELOPMENT; SWINE; SOWS; PIGS; PROGESTERONE; DEFICIENCY; METABOLISM; MECHANISMS; GROWTH AB Omega fatty acids and zinc contribute to physiological pathways that could affect the farrowing process, stillbirth, preweaning mortality, and postweaning return to estrus. To determine effects of omega fatty acids and zinc on these reproductive traits, gilts were mated and fed either a control diet, a diet supplemented with 1.09% Gromega, a diet supplemented with 0.07% zinc sulfate, or a diet supplemented with both Gromega and zinc sulfate from d 80 of gestation until farrowing. Farrowings were video recorded to obtain birth intervals for each piglet, and the number of live and stillborn piglets was recorded. On d 1 after farrowing, piglets were weighed, and the smallest piglet in each litter was sacrificed. A blood sample was collected to measure the immunoglobulin immunocrit ratio, and brain, cerebellum, brain stem, full and empty stomach (to calculate stomach content weight), and heart weights were recorded. Because myelination of specific brain regions may affect preweaning mortality, brain stem, cerebellum, and spinal cord tissues were measured for content of myelin basic proteins and myelin lipids. For remaining piglets, survival to weaning and weaning weights were recorded. Results indicated a weak positive correlation (r = 0.23, P < 0.05) between immunocrit values and brain stem high molecular weight myelin basic protein. There was also a Gromega x zinc supplementation interaction (P < 0.05) on brain stem high molecular weight myelin basic protein in which the combined treatment was greater than the control or each supplement alone. Zinc treatment decreased stillbirth rate during prolonged farrowing and subsequent preweaning survival of low birth weight piglets. Gromega increased overall stillbirth rate and increased the stillbirth rate during prolonged farrowing. There were no relationships between myelin measurements and preweaning survival. In conclusion, combined Gromega and zinc supplementation appeared to improve myelination, but zinc alone improved stillbirth and preweaning survival. C1 [Vallet, J. L.; Rempel, L. A.; Miles, J. R.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Webel, S. K.] JBS United Inc, Sheridan, IN 46069 USA. RP Vallet, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM jeff.vallet@ars.usda.gov FU National Pork Board FX We thank JBS United for providing the Gromega supplement used in this experiment. We also thank M. Judy and S. Hassler for excellent technical support during this experiment. This project was supported by funding from the National Pork Board. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2422 EP 2432 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-7130 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NR UT WOS:000337351700008 PM 24867930 ER PT J AU Lents, CA Cushman, RA Freking, BA AF Lents, C. A. Cushman, R. A. Freking, B. A. TI Measures of the ovaries and uterus during development of gilts selected for differences in uterine capacity SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE development; gilt; selection; ultrasound; uterus ID STIMULATING-HORMONE CONCENTRATIONS; PREPUBERTAL GILTS; OVULATION RATE; LITTER SIZE; GROWTH; LINES; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; WEIGHT; CATTLE; NUMBER AB Direct selection for uterine capacity (UC) increased the number of live pigs born. A method to indirectly estimate UC in developing gilts is needed for this trait to be incorporated into commercial selection strategies. We tested the hypothesis that selection for UC alters phenotypic characteristics of the reproductive tract of prepubertal gilts and that these changes could be estimated in live animals using transrectal ultrasound (TRU). Gilts from lines selected for UC and a randomly selected control (CO) line were submitted for TRU at 130, 150, or 170 d of age and harvested 24 h later (n = 10 gilts/line per age). Diameter of the uterine horn was measured (2 to 4 measurements per animal) at TRU. At harvest, measurements of the ovary (height, width, length, weight, and number of visible follicles >1 mm) and uterine horn (weight, length, diameter, and endometrial diameter) were taken. There was no line x age interaction for any of the traits. All ovarian traits increased (P < 0.03) with age. Weight and length of the uterine horn was not different at 130 or 150 d but were increased (P < 0.01) at 170 d of age. Diameter of the uterine horn tended (P = 0.06) to be increased at 170 d compared with 130 or 150 d, but age did not affect (P = 0.38) endometrial diameter. Ovarian weight and width were increased (P < 0.01) and ovarian length and height tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for UC than CO gilts, but the number of visible follicles did not differ. The UC gilts had increased (P < 0.02) weight of uterine horns, which tended (P = 0.09) to be longer than in the CO gilts. Diameter of the uterine horn and the endometrium were greater (P < 0.01) for UC gilts than for CO gilts. Uterine horn diameter measured with TRU was not affected by age or line and was not highly correlated with any of the measured traits. Selection for increased UC results in larger ovaries and uterine horns, but TRU was not useful for estimating these traits in gilts of the age studied. C1 [Lents, C. A.; Cushman, R. A.; Freking, B. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Lents, CA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM clay.lents@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2433 EP 2439 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-7205 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NR UT WOS:000337351700009 PM 24867931 ER PT J AU Mack, LA Lay, DC Eicher, SD Johnson, AK Richert, BT Pajor, EA AF Mack, L. A. Lay, D. C., Jr. Eicher, S. D. Johnson, A. K. Richert, B. T. Pajor, E. A. TI Group space allowance has little effect on sow health, productivity, or welfare in a free-access stall system SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE behavior; free-access stall; housing; sow; space; welfare ID GROUP-HOUSED SOWS; PREGNANT SOWS; GESTATING SOWS; SKIN-LESIONS; PEN SIZE; FARROWING ENVIRONMENT; BODY CONDITION; DRY SOWS; PIGS; BEHAVIOR AB Free-access stalls allow sows to choose the protection of a stall or use of a shared group space. This study investigated the effect of group space width, 0.91 (SS), 2.13 (IS), and 3.05 (LS) m, on the health, production, behavior, and welfare of gestating sows. Nine replications of 21 (N = 189) gestating sows were used. At gestational d 35.4 +/- 2.3, the pregnant sows were distributed into 3 pens of 7 sows, where they remained until 104.6 +/- 3.5 d. Each treatment pen had 7 free- access stalls and a group space that together provided 1.93 (SS), 2.68 (IS), or 3.24 (LS) m(2)/sow. Baseline measurements were obtained before mixing. Back fat depth, BW, BCS, and lameness were measured monthly, and skin lesions were scored weekly. Blood was collected monthly for hematological, immunological, and cortisol analyses. Sow behavior was video recorded continuously during the initial 4 d of treatment and 24 h every other week thereafter. Behavior was analyzed for location, posture, pen investigation, social contact, and aggression. Skin response to the mitogen concanavalin A (Con A) was tested at mean gestational d 106. Litter characteristics including size and weight were collected at birth and weaning. The data were analyzed using a mixed model. Multiple comparisons were adjusted with the Tukey-Kramer and Bejamini-Hochberg methods. Group space allowance had no effect on any measure of sow health, physiology, or production (P >= 0.10). Sows in the SS, IS, and LS pens spent 77.88% +/- 3.88%, 66.02% +/- 3.87%, and 63.64% +/- 3.91%, respectively, of their time in the free-access stalls (P = 0.12). However, SS sows used the group space less than IS and LS sows (P = 0.01). Overall, pen investigatory behavior was not affected by group space allowance (P = 0.91). Sows in the LS pens spent more time in a social group than SS sows (P = 0.02), whereas sows in IS pens were intermediate to, but not different from, the other treatments (P = 0.10). The size of the social groups was also affected by the group space allowance (P = 0.03), with SS sows forming smaller groups than LS sows; again, IS sows were intermediate to, but not different from, the other treatments. Although the group space allowance had no measurable impact on the health, physiology, or productivity of the sows, the lower group space use and social contact of the SS sows reduced the behavioral diversity benefits of group housing and may indicate an avoidance of social stressors or a lack of physical comfort in the smallest pens. C1 [Mack, L. A.; Richert, B. T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lay, D. C., Jr.; Eicher, S. D.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Johnson, A. K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pajor, E. A.] Univ Calgary, Dept Prod Anim Hlth, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. RP Mack, LA (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM lauriem@vet.upenn.edu RI Johnson, Anna/E-9319-2015 OI Johnson, Anna/0000-0001-7687-0465 FU National Pork Board FX Funding for the research was provided by the National Pork Board. The free-access stalls were donated by CTB Inc. The ASREC farm staff helped with the daily management of the research. Mark Einstein provided assistance with the statistical analyses. We would like to thank the USDA technicians and Purdue graduate and undergraduate students for their help with the research. An extra special thank you goes to Melissa Elischer and Nicole Van DeLeest for their many hours of assistance. NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 35 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2554 EP 2567 DI 10.2527/jas.2013-7352 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NR UT WOS:000337351700022 PM 24668955 ER PT J AU Grayson, AL King, DA Shackelford, SD Koohmaraie, M Wheeler, TL AF Grayson, A. L. King, D. A. Shackelford, S. D. Koohmaraie, M. Wheeler, T. L. TI Freezing and thawing or freezing, thawing, and aging effects on beef tenderness SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aging; beef; freezing; quality; tenderness ID LONGISSIMUS-DORSI FROZEN; SHEAR FORCE; PALATABILITY CHARACTERISTICS; POSTMORTEM PROTEOLYSIS; TECHNICAL NOTE; MUSCLES; QUALITY; STORAGE; STEAKS; LENGTH AB The objective of this study was to determine the effect of freezing and thawing or freezing and thawing with an additional aging period after frozen storage on the tenderness of longissimus lumborum (LL) and semitendinosus (ST) steaks relative to aged, fresh steaks. Left-side LL and ST (n = 35 each) were obtained from U. S. Select carcasses classified at the grading stand by the U. S. Meat Animal Research Center visible and near-infrared spectroscopy tenderness system to have predicted slice shear force greater than 16.5 kg at 14 d postmortem. At 2 d postmortem, 2.54 cm thick steaks were cut from each muscle and assigned to 1 of the following treatments: 2 d fresh (2FRESH), 2 d freeze + thaw (2FREEZE), 2 d freeze + thaw + 12 d age (2FREEZE+ 12AGE), 14 d fresh (14FRESH), 14 d freeze + thaw (14FREEZE), 14 d freeze + thaw + 14 d age (14FREEZE+ 14AGE), and 28 d fresh (28FRESH). Steaks assigned to a freezing treatment were frozen at -26 degrees C for 30 d before thawing/cooking or thawing with an additional aging period at 2 C. Slice shear force for LL and ST was lower (P < 0.01) for 2FREEZE (27.4 and 24.5 kg) and 14FREEZE (22.4 and 22.4 kg) compared to 2FRESH (33.0 and 29.2 kg) and 14FRESH (25.3 and 25.5 kg), respectively. Slice shear force for LL and ST was lower (P < 0.01) for 2FREEZE+ 12AGE (17.8 and 20.8 kg) and 14FREEZE+ 14AGE (14.6 and 19.0 kg) compared to 14FRESH (25.3 and 25.5 kg) and 28FRESH (18.7 and 21.7 kg), respectively. Desmin degradation for LL was not different (P > 0.05) between 2FREEZE (21.0%) and 2FRESH (14.6%) or between 14FREEZE (40.4%) and 14FRESH (38.4%); however, desmin degradation was higher (P < 0.06) in 2FREEZE+ 12AGE (46.7%) and 14FREEZE+ 14AGE (71.1%) when compared to 14FRESH (38.4%) and 28FRESH (60.5%), respectively. Cooking loss for LL was higher (P < 0.01) in 2FREEZE+ 12AGE (15.2%) compared to 14FRESH (14.0%) but was not different (P > 0.05) between 14FREEZE+ 14AGE (15.0%) and 28FRESH (14.3%). Freezing and thawing or a combination of freezing, thawing, and aging resulted in increased tenderness for LL and ST steaks when compared to fresh steaks with the same aging time. These results indicate freezing could be incorporated into normal commercial product distribution processes to improve the consistency of meat tenderness. Researchers who freeze steaks before tenderness assessment should be aware and acknowledge that freezing affects tenderness data. C1 [Grayson, A. L.; King, D. A.; Shackelford, S. D.; Wheeler, T. L.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Koohmaraie, M.] IEH Labs & Consulting Grp, Lake Forest Park, WA 98155 USA. [Koohmaraie, M.] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. RP Wheeler, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM tommy.wheeler@ars.usda.gov FU Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia FX This study was funded in part by the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 22 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 92 IS 6 BP 2735 EP 2740 DI 10.2527/jas.2014-7613 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NR UT WOS:000337351700042 PM 24671601 ER PT J AU Moyle, JR Arsi, K Woo-Ming, A Arambel, H Fanatico, A Blore, PJ Clark, FD Donoghue, DJ Donoghue, AM AF Moyle, J. R. Arsi, K. Woo-Ming, A. Arambel, H. Fanatico, A. Blore, P. J. Clark, F. D. Donoghue, D. J. Donoghue, A. M. TI Growth performance of fast-growing broilers reared under different types of production systems with outdoor access: Implications for organic and alternative production systems SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE free range; broiler; range management; organic ID BONE STRENGTH; CHICKENS; CAMPYLOBACTER; QUALITY AB Outdoor access is an important part of organic and free-range poultry production, yet limited information exists on the effect of various housing and production systems on growth performance and colonization of food-borne pathogens. Therefore, the primary purpose of the current study was to evaluate the influence of different housing systems, particularly fixed versus small, portable houses, with and without outdoor access to pasture, on seasonal growth performance, leg quality, and presence of bacterial food-borne pathogens. In the current study, we used fast-growing broilers, as many small producers use commercial broilers due to their carcass conformation and high breast yield compared with slow-growing hybrids or standard heritage breeds. Although interest in alternative genetics exists because they may be more adapted to outdoor production, they require longer growing periods, with accompanying labor and cost. A pasture containing a mixture of forages was used to simulate the conditions common for small farms in the local region. The experiment had 4 treatment groups: (1) small, portable hoop houses with access to pasture, (2) small, portable hoop houses without access to pasture, (3) a fixed house with access to the outdoors, and (4) a fixed house without access to the outdoors. The present study was repeated at different times of the year to determine if a seasonal effect on the consumption of pasture and carcass quality was present. overall, raising birds in hoop houses resulted in a reduced growth rate compared with birds raised in the fixed house. None of the production systems altered bone strength or feed conversion. Food-borne pathogens commonly associated with poultry were not found in any of the environments tested. Seasonal production was an issue in the small hoop house birds, as extreme heat in the summer resulted in early termination of that trial. Expanding on forage choice in pastures and customizing hoop houses to deal with weather fluctuations, especially in regions where extreme heat may affect production, are important considerations for these systems. C1 [Moyle, J. R.; Donoghue, A. M.] USDA ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Arsi, K.; Woo-Ming, A.; Arambel, H.; Blore, P. J.; Clark, F. D.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Fanatico, A.] Appalachian State Univ, Goodnight Family Sustainable Dev Program, Boone, NC 28608 USA. RP Donoghue, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM Annie.Donoghue@ars.usda.gov RI arsi, komala/G-8871-2016 OI arsi, komala/0000-0002-4282-4273 FU USDA; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative Grant [2011-01955] FX This work was funded in part by the USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Organic Agriculture Research and Extension Initiative Grant 2011-01955 (Washington, DC). Additionally, the authors thank Robert Holmes and Trish Lowery (University of Arkansas) and Scott Zornes, and Wally McDonner (USDA, Agricultural Research Service) for their assistance in conducting this research. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 32 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 23 IS 2 BP 212 EP 220 DI 10.3382/japr.2013-00882 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NZ UT WOS:000337352900010 ER PT J AU Trampel, DW Holder, TG Gast, RK AF Trampel, Darrell W. Holder, Thomas G. Gast, Richard K. TI Integrated farm management to prevent Salmonella Enteritidis contamination of eggs SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella Enteritidis; biosecurity; rodent; feed; disinfection; probiotic; vaccination; refrigeration ID ENTERICA-SEROVAR-ENTERITIDIS; NATIONAL CONTROL PROGRAM; INFECTED POULTRY UNITS; LAYING HENS; BROILER-CHICKENS; LAYER FARMS; PHAGE TYPE-4; RISK-FACTORS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION; OBLIGATORY VACCINATION AB Salmonella Enteritidis in contaminated eggs is a public health hazard that may cause hospitalization or death in the elderly, infants, and individuals with impaired immune systems. Prevention of Salmonella Enteritidis infection of laying hens is an essential first step in reducing Salmonella Enteritidis outbreaks in humans. Multiple interventions at several stages during egg production can combine to reduce numbers of infected chickens and keep egg contamination to low levels. Every effort should be made to exclude Salmonella Enteritidis from egg production premises by implementing effective biosecurity measures, stocking the farm with Salmonella Enteritidis-free replacement pullets, controlling rodent and insect vectors, and denying wild birds and pets access to chicken houses. Diligent cleaning and disinfection of chicken houses before introduction of a new flock will minimize environmental exposure and indirect horizontal transmission of multiple pathogens, including Salmonella Enteritidis. Increased resistance of chickens to intestinal colonization by Salmonella Enteritidis can be attained by the use of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics. laying hens should be immunized with live and killed vaccines to stimulate mucosal and systemic immunity and reduce the prevalence of Salmonella Enteritidis-contaminated eggs. Shell eggs should be refrigerated as soon as possible after laying to keep Salmonella Enteritidis cells at low levels in any contaminated eggs. Comprehensive Salmonella Enteritidis-control programs have proven to be successful in reducing the incidence of Salmonella Enteritidis infections in both egg-laying flocks and humans. C1 [Trampel, Darrell W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Gast, Richard K.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Egg Safety & Qual Res Unit, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Trampel, DW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dtrampel@iastate.edu NR 90 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1056-6171 EI 1537-0437 J9 J APPL POULTRY RES JI J. Appl. Poult. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 23 IS 2 BP 353 EP 365 DI 10.3382/japr.2014-00944 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AJ0NZ UT WOS:000337352900028 ER PT J AU Yossa, N Patel, J Macarisin, D Millner, P Murphy, C Bauchan, G Lo, YM AF Yossa, Nadine Patel, Jitendra Macarisin, Dumitru Millner, Patricia Murphy, Charles Bauchan, Gary Lo, Y. Martin TI Antibacterial Activity of Cinnamaldehyde and Sporan against Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; PATHOGENIC BACTERIA; MEMBRANE TOXICITY; COMPONENTS; O157-H7; OREGANO; SPICES AB The in vitro antimicrobial effect of cinnamaldehyde and Sporan in combination with acetic acid against Escherichia coliO157:H7 and Salmonella was investigated in Luria-Bertani broth (7 log cfu/mL) containing cinnamaldehyde or Sporan (800 and 1,000ppm) alone or in combination with 200ppm acetic acid, and incubated at 37C for up to 6h. Surviving populations of test pathogens were determined by spiral plating on selective media. E.coliO157:H7 and Salmonella were undetectable after 1h in the presence of 800ppm cinnamaldehyde. A 1,000ppm Sporan significantly reduced Salmonella and E.coliO157:H7 populations by 1.83 and 3.02 log cfu/mL within 2 and 4h, respectively. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy of oil-treated bacterial cells revealed cell structural damage and leakage of cellular content. Cinnamaldehyde was highly effective against both E.coliO157:H7 and Salmonella whereas the effect of Sporan was dependent on its concentration, exposure time and pathogen. Practical Applications Consumers' preference for fewer chemicals in food has led to research on potential use of natural antimicrobials in food for controlling spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms. The antimicrobial effect of essential oils has been studied earlier. This is the first report on the antimicrobial activity of Sporan, and the combined effect of acetic acid. The results of the present study indicate that the antimicrobial activity of cinnamaldehyde and Sporan against enteric pathogens could be useful in food processing and preservation. C1 [Yossa, Nadine; Lo, Y. Martin] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Patel, Jitendra; Macarisin, Dumitru; Millner, Patricia] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Murphy, Charles; Bauchan, Gary] ARS, USDA, Electron & Confocal Microscopy Unit, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Patel, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM jitu.patel@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 3 BP 749 EP 757 DI 10.1111/jfpp.12026 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AJ4AZ UT WOS:000337612900002 ER PT J AU Milczarek, RR Avena-Bustillos, RJ Peretto, G McHugh, TH AF Milczarek, Rebecca R. Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J. Peretto, Greta McHugh, Tara H. TI Optimization of Microwave Roasting of Almond (Prunus dulcis) SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION LA English DT Article ID HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; MOISTURE-CONTENT; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; SEEDS; OVEN; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; ANTIGENICITY; TEMPERATURE AB Microwave (MW) almond roasting was investigated as an alternative to hot air (HA) roasting. Nonpareil almonds (Prunus dulcis) were roasted at 140C in a convection oven for different times to achieve light, medium and dark roasting levels. Several instrumental measurements were taken, establishing targets for each roasting level. To determine the MW time/power combinations necessary to match the HA targets, a response surface experiment was conducted. Additional MW-roasted samples prepared using the optimal time/power combinations underwent both instrumental and sensory analyses. The overall sensory difference test showed that, at the medium roasting level, the MW-roasted almonds were indistinguishable from their HA-roasted counterparts. At all three roasting levels, the HA- and MW-roasted samples were not significantly different in terms of sensory roasted flavor and crunchiness. Instrumental measurements supported the sensory results. When optimized, MW roasting yields results similar to HA roasting in a fraction of the time. Practical Application The findings of this work can be used by industrial almond processors to develop large-scale microwave (MW) roasting unit operations. Also, consumers could use the optimal MW time and power combinations found in this work as guidelines for at-home preparation of roasted almonds. C1 [Milczarek, Rebecca R.; Avena-Bustillos, Roberto J.; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, USDA, Proc Foods Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Peretto, Greta] Univ Padua, Dept Agron Food Nat Resources Anim & Environm, Legnaro, Italy. RP Milczarek, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Proc Foods Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM rebecca.milczarek@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-8892 EI 1745-4549 J9 J FOOD PROCESS PRES JI J. Food Process Preserv. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 38 IS 3 BP 912 EP 923 DI 10.1111/jfpp.12046 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AJ4AZ UT WOS:000337612900021 ER PT J AU Hong, YK Yoon, WB Huang, LH Yuk, HG AF Hong, Yoon-Ki Yoon, Won Byong Huang, Lihan Yuk, Hyun-Gyun TI Predictive Modeling for Growth of Non- and Cold-adapted Listeria monocytogenes on Fresh-cut Cantaloupe at Different Storage Temperatures SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cold-adaptation; fresh-cut cantaloupe; Listeria monocytogenes; predictive modeling ID LAG PHASE DURATION; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; SALMONELLA SPP.; UNITED-STATES; KINETICS; O157H7; BEHAVIOR; FATE; QUALITY; O157-H7 AB The aim of this study was to determine the growth kinetics of Listeria monocytogenes, with and without cold-adaption, on fresh-cut cantaloupe under different storage temperatures. Fresh-cut samples, spot inoculated with a 4-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes (approximate to 3.2 log CFU/g), were exposed to constant storage temperatures held at 10, 15, 20, 25, or 30 degrees C. All growth curves of L. monocytogenes were fitted to the Baranyi, modified Gompertz, and Huang models. Regardless of conditions under which cells grew, the time needed to reach 5 log CFU/g decreased with the elevated storage temperature. Experimental results showed that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the maximum growth rate k (log CFU/g h-1) and lag phase duration (h) between the cultures of L. monocytogenes with or without previous cold-adaption treatments. No distinct difference was observed in the growth pattern among 3 primary models at various storage temperatures. The growth curves of secondary modeling were fitted on an Arrhenius-type model for describing the relationship between k and temperature of the L. monocytogenes on fresh-cut cantaloupe from 10 to 30 degrees C. The root mean square error values of secondary models for non- and cold-adapted cells were 0.018, 0.021, and 0.024, and 0.039, 0.026, and 0.017 at the modified Gompertz, Baranyi, and Huang model, respectively, indicating that these 3 models presented the good statistical fit. This study may provide valuable information to predict the growth of L. monocytogenes on fresh-cut cantaloupes at different storage conditions. Practical Application Listeriosis has occurred and increased along with the increased demand of fresh and fresh-cut fruits and vegetables. This study was conducted to predict the growth of non- and cold-adapted L. monocytogenes on fresh-cut cantaloupe at different temperature using mathematical model. These results can be helpful for risk assessments of L. monocytogenes in fresh-cut cantaloupe. This study provides valuable information to food handlers to choose proper storage temperatures for extending the shelf-life of fresh-cut cantaloupe. C1 [Hong, Yoon-Ki; Yoon, Won Byong] Kangwon Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Food Sci & Biotechnol, Chunchon 200701, South Korea. [Huang, Lihan] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Yuk, Hyun-Gyun] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem, Food Sci & Technol Programme, Singapore 117544, Singapore. RP Yuk, HG (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Chem, Food Sci & Technol Programme, 3 Sci Dr 3, Singapore 117544, Singapore. EM chmyukhg@nus.edu.sg NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 79 IS 6 BP M1168 EP M1174 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12468 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AJ5EJ UT WOS:000337704700013 PM 24754226 ER PT J AU Fragoso, CAV Miller, ME Fielding, RA King, AC Kritchevsky, SB McDermott, MM Myers, V Newman, AB Pahor, M Gill, TM AF Fragoso, Carlos A. Vaz Miller, Michael E. Fielding, Roger A. King, Abby C. Kritchevsky, Stephen B. McDermott, Mary M. Myers, Valerie Newman, Anne B. Pahor, Marco Gill, Thomas M. CA Lifestyle Interventions Independen TI Sleep-Wake Disturbances in Sedentary Community-Dwelling Elderly Adults with Functional Limitations SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE mobility impairment; physical inactivity; sleep-wake disturbances ID LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE BATTERY; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; HEALTHY OLDER-ADULTS; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; GAIT SPEED; SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY; AGE; ASSOCIATION; INSOMNIA AB Objectives To evaluate sleep-wake disturbances in sedentary community-dwelling elderly adults with functional limitations. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Lifestyle Interventions and Independence in Elder (LIFE) Study. Participants Community-dwelling persons (mean age 78.9) who spent fewer than 20min/wk in the previous month engaged in regular physical activity and fewer than 125min/wk of moderate physical activity, and had a Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) score of <10 (N=1,635). Measurements Mobility was evaluated according to 400-m walk time (slow gait speed defined as <0.8m/s) and SPPB score (7 defined moderate to severe mobility impairment). Physical inactivity was defined according to sedentary time, as a percentage of accelerometry wear time with activity of <100counts/min; participants in the top quartile of sedentary time were classified as having a high sedentary time. Sleep-wake disturbances were evaluated using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) (range 0-28; 8 defined insomnia), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) (range 0-24; 10 defined daytime drowsiness), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) (range 0-21; >5 defined poor sleep quality), and Berlin Questionnaire (high risk of sleep apnea). Results Prevalence rates were 43.5% for slow gait speed and 44.7% for moderate to severe mobility impairment, with 77.0% of accelerometry wear time spent as sedentary time. Prevalence rates were 33.0% for insomnia, 18.1% for daytime drowsiness, 47.8% for poor sleep quality, and 32.9% for high risk of sleep apnea. Participants with insomnia had a mean ISI score of 12.1, those with daytime drowsiness had a mean ESS score of 12.5, and those with poor sleep quality had a mean PSQI score of 9.2. In adjusted models, measures of mobility and physical inactivity were generally not associated with sleep-wake disturbances, using continuous or categorical variables. Conclusion In a large sample of sedentary community-dwelling elderly adults with functional limitations, sleep-wake disturbances were prevalent but only mildly severe and were generally not associated with mobility impairment or physical inactivity. C1 [Fragoso, Carlos A. Vaz] Vet Affairs Connecticut, Clin Epidemiol Res Ctr, West Haven, CT USA. [Fragoso, Carlos A. Vaz; Gill, Thomas M.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Miller, Michael E.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [King, Abby C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Kritchevsky, Stephen B.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Sticht Ctr Aging, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [McDermott, Mary M.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Myers, Valerie] Louisiana State Univ, Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Myers, Valerie] Klein Buendel Inc, Golden, CO USA. [Newman, Anne B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol & Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Pahor, Marco] Univ Florida, Dept Aging & Geriatr Res, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Fragoso, CAV (reprint author), VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Clin Epidemiol Res Ctr, Mailcode 151B, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. EM carlos.fragoso@yale.edu RI Buford, Thomas /B-1111-2011; Newman, Anne B./C-6408-2013 OI Buford, Thomas /0000-0002-9541-4358; Marsiske, Michael/0000-0001-5973-2116; Newman, Anne B./0000-0002-0106-1150 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute on Aging (NIA) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [UO1AG22376, 3U01AG022376]; Intramural Research Program, NIA, NIH FX Conflict of Interest: This work was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute on Aging (NIA) Cooperative Agreement UO1AG22376 and Supplement 3U01AG022376 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and sponsored in part by the Intramural Research Program, NIA, NIH. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01072500. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0002-8614 EI 1532-5415 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 62 IS 6 BP 1064 EP 1072 DI 10.1111/jgs.12845 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AJ4EJ UT WOS:000337624300008 ER PT J AU McClintic, LF Taylor, JD Jones, JC Singleton, RD Wang, G AF McClintic, L. F. Taylor, J. D. Jones, J. C. Singleton, R. D. Wang, G. TI Effects of spatiotemporal resource heterogeneity on home range size of American beaver SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Castor canadensis; central place forager; normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI); resource distribution; space use ID CASTOR-CANADENSIS; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS; UNEXPLOITED BEAVERS; FIBER; HABITAT; POPULATION; SELECTION; MISSISSIPPI; SETTLEMENT; DISPERSION AB Home range size of terrestrial animals may be influenced by spatiotemporal dynamics of resources. However, little is known regarding the effects of spatiotemporal resource availability on semi-aquatic central place foragers such as the American beaver Castor canadensis. From January 2011 to April 2012, 26 beavers at 11 wetlands at Redstone Arsenal in north-central Alabama, USA, were captured and radio-tracked using radio telemetry. The objectives of this study were to test the predictions of three hypotheses: (1) the resource dispersion hypothesis: more spatially dispersed resources throughout a landscape increase home range sizes; (2) the temporal resource variability hypothesis: more temporally variable resources result in decreases in home range sizes; (3) the habitat productivity hypothesis: increases in habitat productivity lead to decreases in home range sizes. Twenty-three of 26 radio-tagged beavers had well-bounded home ranges, and their home range sizes were positively related to the diversity of land cover within home ranges as predicted by the resource dispersion hypothesis. Furthermore, home range sizes of 26 beavers, including three seasonally dispersing beavers, decreased with increasing seasonal variability of within-home-range normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), supporting the prediction of the resource heterogeneity hypothesis. Home range sizes of American beavers increased with increasing total NDVI and proportions of woody plant cover within home ranges probably to avoid overexploitation of woody plants. Our results suggest that the combination of resource quantity, spatial distribution and seasonal variation of resources influences movements and home ranges of central place foragers. C1 [McClintic, L. F.; Jones, J. C.; Wang, G.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Taylor, J. D.; Singleton, R. D.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA. RP McClintic, LF (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mail Stop 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM lmcclin1@hotmail.com NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 32 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0952-8369 EI 1469-7998 J9 J ZOOL JI J. Zool. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 293 IS 2 BP 134 EP 141 DI 10.1111/jzo.12128 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AJ2WP UT WOS:000337525500009 ER PT J AU Zhu, JJ Wienhold, BJ Wehrle, J Davis, D Chen, H Taylor, D Friesen, K Zurek, L AF Zhu, J. J. Wienhold, B. J. Wehrle, J. Davis, D. Chen, H. Taylor, D. Friesen, K. Zurek, L. TI Efficacy and longevity of newly developed catnip oil microcapsules against stable fly oviposition and larval growth SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nepeta cataria; Stomoxys calcitrans; antibacterial; encapsulation; fly management ID FLIES DIPTERA MUSCIDAE; NEPETA-CATARIA; FEEDING SITES; REPELLENCY; INSECTICIDES; RESISTANCE; MOSQUITOS; BACTERIA; CONTACT; HAY AB The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae), is one of the most important pests of cattle and costs U.S. cattle producers billions of dollars in losses annually. In this study, the efficacy of catnip oil encapsulated in gelatin in oviposition deterrence and larval growth inhibition in stable flies was examined under laboratory conditions. More than 98% inhibition of stable fly larval growth and female oviposition was observed in larval and oviposition media treated with encapsulated catnip oil (0.5g). Further, dose-response tests showed that as little as 0.1g of encapsulated catnip oil provided >85% oviposition deterrence. The release of nepetalactones from the capsules was more rapid when the capsules were placed on a moist substrate rather than a dry substrate. Encapsulated catnip oil also exhibited antibacterial activity, supporting the hypothesis that its inhibition of larval growth may be based on its killing of the bacteria on which larvae feed. The use of encapsulated catnip oil can provide an alternative control strategy for stable fly management. C1 [Zhu, J. J.; Wienhold, B. J.; Taylor, D.; Friesen, K.] USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wehrle, J.; Davis, D.] MicroTek Labs Inc, Dayton, OH USA. [Chen, H.] Univ Nebraska, Ctr Biotechnol, Microscopy Core Facil, Lincoln, NE USA. [Zurek, L.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Zhu, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Dept Entomol, UNL EC, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Jerry.Zhu@ars.usda.gov RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-283X EI 1365-2915 J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 28 IS 2 BP 222 EP 227 DI 10.1111/mve.12029 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AJ3ND UT WOS:000337572500013 PM 24111783 ER PT J AU Voss, KA Riley, RT Gelineau-van Waes, J AF Voss, Kenneth A. Riley, Ronald T. Gelineau-van Waes, Janee TI Fumonisin B-1 induced neural tube defects were not increased in LM/Bc mice fed folate-deficient diet SO MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Folate; Fumonisin; Mice; Neural tube defects ID FOLIC-ACID; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; ACCUMULATION; METABOLISM; RECEPTOR; CULTURE; IMPACT AB Scope: Fumonisin B-1 (FB1) is found in corn-based foods and is a possible risk factor for neural tube defects (NTDs). The mechanism(s) underlying NTD induction by FB1 in LM/Bc mice is not understood; however, evidence suggests disrupted folate transport is involved. Methods and results: Female LM/Bcmice were fed folate-sufficient (control) or folate-deficient diet beginning 5 wk before mating, treated with 0 (vehicle), 2.5 or 10 mg/kg FB1 by intraperitoneal injection on embryonic days 7 (E7) and E8, and their fetuses examined on E16. Dose-dependent NTD induction was found in groups fed the control diet: 3 of 13 low-dose and 10 of 11 high-dose litters were affected. Among groups fed folate-deficient diet, NTDs were found only in 4 of 11 high-dose litters. In another trial, consumption of folate-deficient diet also resulted in fewer NTDs at a dose of 10 mg/kg FB1 and reduced maternal red blood cell folate levels by 80%. In utero death did not fully account for the differences in NTD rates. Conclusion: Folate deficiency does not exacerbate NTD induction by FB1 in LM/Bc mice. Interactions between folate, other nutritional factors, and FB1 in this mouse model for NTDs are complex and require further investigation. C1 [Voss, Kenneth A.; Riley, Ronald T.] ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Gelineau-van Waes, Janee] Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Omaha, NE 68178 USA. RP Voss, KA (reprint author), ARS, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Ken.Voss@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1613-4125 EI 1613-4133 J9 MOL NUTR FOOD RES JI Mol. Nutr. Food Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 58 IS 6 BP 1190 EP 1198 DI 10.1002/mnfr.201300720 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AJ4XQ UT WOS:000337683500004 PM 24585430 ER PT J AU Bennett, G Strissel, KJ De Furia, J Wang, JP Wu, DY Burkly, LC Obin, MS AF Bennett, Grace Strissel, Katherine J. De Furia, Jason Wang, Junpeng Wu, Dayong Burkly, Linda C. Obin, Martin S. TI Deletion of TNF-like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK) Protects Mice from Adipose and Systemic Impacts of Severe Obesity SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CELL PROLIFERATION; UP-REGULATION; TISSUE; TYPE-2; INFLAMMATION; ACTIVATION; INNATE; PATHOGENESIS; MACROPHAGES AB Objective To investigate the role of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in pathological adipose tissue (AT) remodeling and complications of obesity. Methods Wild type (WT) and TWEAK knockout (KO) mice were fed normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) for up to 17 weeks. Adipocyte death was induced using an established transgenic mouse model of inducible adipocyte apoptosis (FAT-ATTAC). Metabolic, biochemical, histologic, and flow cytometric analyses were performed. Results TWEAK and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) were upregulated in gonadal (g)AT of WT mice after HFD week 4 and 24 h after induction of adipocyte apoptosis. Phenotypes of KO and WT mouse were indistinguishable through HFD week 8. However, at week 17 obese KO mice had similar to 30% larger gAT adipocytes and gAT mass than WT mice, coincident with reduced adipocyte death, enhanced insulin signaling, Th2/M2 immune skewing, fewer thick collagen fibers, and altered expression of extracellular matrix constituents and modulators that is consistent with reduced fibrosis and larger adipocytes. KO mice were less steatotic and became more insulin sensitive and glucose tolerant than WT mice after HFD week 12. Conclusion TWEAK constrains healthy gAT expansion and promotes metabolic complications in severe obesity. C1 [Bennett, Grace; Strissel, Katherine J.; De Furia, Jason; Obin, Martin S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wang, Junpeng; Wu, Dayong] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Immunol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Burkly, Linda C.] Biogen Idec Inc, Immunol Discovery Res, Cambridge, MA USA. [Obin, Martin S.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Obin, MS (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Obes & Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM martin.obin@tufts.edu FU NIH [DK-O74979, T32-HL069772-10]; Biogen Idec; U.S.D.A Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX Supported by NIH grants DK-O74979, and T32-HL069772-10, by a Sponsored Research Agreement from Biogen Idec and by U.S.D.A Agricultural Research Service agreement No. 58-1950-7-707 NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD JUN PY 2014 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1485 EP 1494 DI 10.1002/oby.20726 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AJ3AM UT WOS:000337537000016 PM 24616441 ER PT J AU Mittal, A Gampala, SSL Ritchie, GL Payton, P Burke, JJ Rock, CD AF Mittal, Amandeep Gampala, Srinivas S. L. Ritchie, Glen L. Payton, Paxton Burke, John J. Rock, Christopher D. TI Related to ABA-Insensitive3(ABI3)/Viviparous1 and AtABI5 transcription factor coexpression in cotton enhances drought stress adaptation SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE maize protoplasts; transgenic cotton; reactive oxygen species; root biomass; RAV; drought stress resistance ID DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; ABSCISIC-ACID; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FREEZING TOLERANCE; COLD-ACCLIMATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TRANSGENIC RICE; GENE-EXPRESSION; ABA AB Drought tolerance is an important trait being pursued by the agbiotech industry. Abscisic acid (ABA) is a stress hormone that mediates a multitude of processes in growth and development, water use efficiency (WUE) and gene expression during seed development and in response to environmental stresses. Arabidopsis B3-domain transcription factor (R) under bar elated to (A) under bar BA-Insensitive3 (ABI3)/(V) under bar iviparous1 (namely AtRAV2) and basic leucine zipper (bZIPs) AtABI5 or AtABF3 transactivated ABA-inducible promoter:GUS reporter expression in a maize mesophyll protoplast transient assay and showed synergies in reporter transactivation when coexpressed. Transgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) expressing AtRAV1/2 and/or AtABI5 showed resistance to imposed drought stress under field and greenhouse conditions and exhibited improved photosynthesis and WUEs associated with absorption through larger root system and greater leaf area. We observed synergy for root biomass accumulation in the greenhouse, intrinsic WUE in the field and drought tolerance in stacked AtRAV and AtABI5 double-transgenic cotton. We assessed AtABI5 and AtRAV1/2 involvement in drought stress adaptations through reactive oxygen species scavenging and osmotic adjustment by marker gene expression in cotton. Deficit irrigation-grown AtRAV1/2 and AtABI5 transgenics had 'less-stressed' molecular and physiological phenotypes under drought, likely due to improved photoassimilation and root and shoot sink strengths and enhanced expression of endogenous GhRAV and genes for antioxidant and osmolyte biosynthesis. Overexpression of bZIP and RAV TFs could impact sustainable cotton agriculture and potentially other crops under limited irrigation conditions. C1 [Mittal, Amandeep; Gampala, Srinivas S. L.; Rock, Christopher D.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Ritchie, Glen L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Payton, Paxton; Burke, John J.] ARS, USDA, Plant Stress & Germplasm Lab, Lubbock, TX USA. RP Rock, CD (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM chris.rock@ttu.edu OI , Christopher/0000-0002-2090-0650 FU NIH Plains Bridge to the Baccalaureate [5R25GM83730]; TTU-USDA International Cotton Research Center; Texas State Support Committee of Cotton Incorporated; USDA Ogallala Aquifer Program FX The authors thank DeeDee Laumbauch and Kay McCrary for transformations, Ying-wen Jiang, Fan Jia, Meenakshi Mittal, Sayani Mallick, Jacob Sanchez, Marie Syapin, Dustin Stidger and Yuvisela Chavez (supported by NIH Plains Bridge to the Baccalaureate grant 5R25GM83730) for help with physiological assays, and Hong-Liang Zhu for help with molecular work. This work was supported by the TTU-USDA International Cotton Research Center, the Texas State Support Committee of Cotton Incorporated and the USDA Ogallala Aquifer Program. NR 84 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 9 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 12 IS 5 BP 578 EP 589 DI 10.1111/pbi.12162 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AJ3ON UT WOS:000337576400006 PM 24483851 ER PT J AU Niu, ZX Jiang, AX Abu Hammad, W Oladzadabbasabadi, A Xu, SS Mergoum, M Elias, EM AF Niu, Zhixia Jiang, Aixiang Abu Hammad, Wesam Oladzadabbasabadi, Atena Xu, Steven S. Mergoum, Mohamed Elias, Elias M. TI Review of doubled haploid production in durum and common wheat through wheatxmaize hybridization SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Review DE doubled haploid production; wide hybridization; chromosome elimination; chromosome doubling; common wheat; durum wheat ID X MAIZE CROSSES; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; UNIPARENTAL CHROMOSOME ELIMINATION; DISOMIC SUBSTITUTION LINES; ANTHER CULTURE RESPONSE; POLLEN-TUBE GROWTH; HORDEUM-BULBOSUM L; HEXAPLOID WHEAT; TETRAPLOID WHEAT; HIGH-FREQUENCIES AB Production of doubled haploids (DHs) is an important methodology to speed the process of breeding and development of mapping populations in crops. The procedure for DH production includes two major steps: haploid induction and chromosome doubling. In recent years, wide hybridization between wheat and maize has become a main approach for haploid production in wheat. In this method, the maize chromosomes are completely eliminated during the early development of the hybrid seeds after wheat spikes were pollinated with maize pollen. Numerous wheat cultivars and mapping populations have been developed using wheat-maize hybridization. In this study, we review the procedures of DH production of durum and common wheat via wide hybridization with maize, the factors which affect the efficiency of DH production, and the mechanism of selective elimination of the maize genome during the early development of the hybrid embryos. We also report a highly efficient protocol for DH production in durum and common wheat, which was established based on the optimal conditions for each of the factors that affect the efficiency of DH production. C1 [Niu, Zhixia; Xu, Steven S.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Jiang, Aixiang] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Abu Hammad, Wesam; Oladzadabbasabadi, Atena; Mergoum, Mohamed; Elias, Elias M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Elias, EM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM elias.elias@ndsu.edu NR 105 TC 7 Z9 10 U1 7 U2 50 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 133 IS 3 BP 313 EP 320 DI 10.1111/pbr.12162 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA AJ4WP UT WOS:000337680000002 ER PT J AU Marita, JM Hatfield, RD Rancour, DM Frost, KE AF Marita, Jane M. Hatfield, Ronald D. Rancour, David M. Frost, Kenneth E. TI Identification and suppression of the p-coumaroyl CoA:hydroxycinnamyl alcohol transferase in Zea mays L. SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE p-coumarate; transferase; cell wall; lignin; p-coumaroylation; Zea mays L; accession number BT042717.1 ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SWISS-MODEL WORKSPACE; CELL-WALL COMPOSITION; SOLUTION-STATE NMR; FERULIC ACIDS; CROSS-LINKING; SINAPYL ALCOHOL; LIGNIN; MAIZE; PROTEIN AB Grasses, such as Zea mays L. (maize), contain relatively high levels of p-coumarates (pCA) within their cell walls. Incorporation of pCA into cell walls is believed to be due to a hydroxycinnamyl transferase that couples pCA to monolignols. To understand the role of pCA in maize development, the p-coumaroylCoA:hydroxycinnamyl alcohol transferase (pCAT) was isolated and purified from maize stems. Purified pCAT was subjected to partial trypsin digestion, and peptides were sequenced by tandem mass spectrometry. TBLASTN analysis of the acquired peptide sequences identified a single full-length maize cDNA clone encoding all the peptide sequences obtained from the purified enzyme. The cDNA clone was obtained and used to generate an RNAi construct for suppressing pCAT expression in maize. Here we describe the effects of suppression of pCAT in maize. Primary screening of transgenic maize seedling leaves using a new rapid analytical platform was used to identify plants with decreased amounts of pCA. Using this screening method, mature leaves from fully developed plants were analyzed, confirming reduced pCA levels throughout plant development. Complete analysis of isolated cell walls from mature transgenic stems and leaves revealed that lignin levels did not change, but pCA levels decreased and the lignin composition was altered. Transgenic plants with the lowest levels of pCA had decreased levels of syringyl units in the lignin. Thus, altering the levels of pCAT expression in maize leads to altered lignin composition, but does not appear to alter the total amount of lignin present in the cell walls. C1 [Marita, Jane M.; Hatfield, Ronald D.; Rancour, David M.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Frost, Kenneth E.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Marita, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM j.marita@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 78 IS 5 BP 850 EP 864 DI 10.1111/tpj.12510 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ3KR UT WOS:000337565700011 PM 24654730 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TM Chang, SC Condon, B AF Thach-Mien Nguyen Chang, SeChin Condon, Brian TI The comparison of differences in flammability and thermal degradation between cotton fabrics treated with phosphoramidate derivatives SO POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE phosphoramidates; flame retardants; limiting oxygen index; microscale combustion calorimetry; thermogravimetric analysis ID FLAME-RETARDANT; PHOSPHORUS-NITROGEN; CELLULOSE; COMBUSTION; PYROLYSIS; FLOW AB The effectiveness of a phosphoramidate tetraethyl piperazine-1,4-diyldiphosphoramidate (TEPP) as a flame retardant on cotton twill fabrics was compared with that of a previously studied diethyl 4-methylpiperazin-1-ylphosphoramidate (DEPP). TEPP was formed in a reaction between two phosphonates and a piperazine then cotton twill fabrics were treated with TEPP at different levels of add-on (2-19 wt%) and characterized using vertical flammability, limiting oxygen index, microscale combustion calorimetry, and thermogravimetric analysis methods. The results showed better flame retardancy and thermal behavior for TEPP fabrics when compared with DEPP fabrics. When the morphological structure of the formed char from the burned areas was examined by scanning electron microscopy, the results revealed a fairly insignificant difference in the mode of action between the two types of fabric. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Thach-Mien Nguyen; Chang, SeChin; Condon, Brian] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Chang, SC (reprint author), ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM sechin.chang@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture FX We thank Elena Graves for her assistance in the NMR experiments. This study was financed by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1042-7147 EI 1099-1581 J9 POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL JI Polym. Adv. Technol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 25 IS 6 BP 665 EP 672 DI 10.1002/pat.3268 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA AJ4WS UT WOS:000337680300011 ER PT J AU von Reichert, C Cromartie, JB Arthun, RO AF von Reichert, Christiane Cromartie, John B. Arthun, Ryan O. TI Impacts of Return Migration on Rural US Communities SO RURAL SOCIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; RETIREMENT MIGRATION; CIVIC ENGAGEMENT; NET MIGRATION; PATTERNS; COUNTIES; MIGRANTS; AMERICA; WEST; POPULATION AB Rural population loss is caused as much by low in-migration as by high out-migration, and for geographically disadvantaged nonmetropolitan counties in the United States, return migration plays a crucial role. This research captures impacts of return migrants on population, economy, and society in declining rural U.S. communities using a qualitative, multisited approach. Interviews conducted at high school reunions with rural returnees in their late 20s to late 40s show that the vast majority of returnees brought spouses and children back with them, increasing the short-term and long-term population. They also brought back much needed human capital, including education, job skills, and life experiences, and filled professional positions that are often hard to fill in rural communities. Entrepreneurial activities and self-employment of many return migrants favorably affected rural economies by improving the employment base and expanding available services. Interviews show how decisions to move back were grounded in social relations that promoted civic engagement. While they mainly moved back for their children and their families, return migrants valued involvement in familiar social networks and the opportunities to make a difference in their rural hometowns. C1 [von Reichert, Christiane; Arthun, Ryan O.] Univ Montana, Dept Geog, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Cromartie, John B.] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP von Reichert, C (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Geog, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. NR 89 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0036-0112 EI 1549-0831 J9 RURAL SOCIOL JI Rural Sociol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 79 IS 2 BP 200 EP 226 DI 10.1111/ruso.12024 PG 27 WC Sociology SC Sociology GA AJ5VF UT WOS:000337757100003 ER PT J AU Schutte, BJ Davis, AS Peinado, SA Ashigh, J AF Schutte, Brian J. Davis, Adam S. Peinado, Stephen A., Jr. Ashigh, Jamshid TI Seed-coat thickness data clarify seed size-seed-bank persistence trade-offs in Abutilon theophrasti (Malvaceae) SO SEED SCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Abutilon theophrasti; arable weed; seed defence; seed dormancy; seed mass; seed morphology; soil seed bank ID PRUNELLA-VULGARIS; WEED SEEDS; SOIL; VELVETLEAF; SHAPE; POPULATIONS; DORMANCY; FLORA; MASS; DISPERSAL AB Theoretical models predict that seed size and seed-bank persistence evolve interdependently, such that strong selection for one trait corresponds with weak selection for the other. This framework has been supported and rejected by empirical data, and thus, conclusive evidence is lacking. We expanded the seed size-persistence framework to include seed-coat thickness, a defence trait previously correlated with seed survival in soil. To do this, we used Abutilon theophrasti accessions with varied evolutionary histories and we quantified associations among seed traits including morphology, size, coat thickness, dormancy (percentage of viable seeds that fail to germinate under optimum conditions) and seed-bank persistence (percentage of viable seeds remaining after 1 year of burial). Statistical models were developed to test the hypothesis that combined measurements of seed-coat thickness and seed size better explain variability in seed-bank persistence than seed-size data alone. Results indicated that measurements of seed size (length, width, mass) were negatively correlated with coat: width ratio (coat thickness relative to seed width) and coat: mass ratio (coat thickness relative to seed mass). Accessions characterized by smaller seeds with proportionally thicker seed coats were more dormant and more persistent in soil than accessions characterized by larger seeds with proportionally thinner seed coats. Seed-coat thickness data improved the explanatory power of logistic regression models for seed-size effects on both seed-bank persistence and dormancy. These results indicate that supplementing seed-size data with seed-defence data may clarify previously reported contradictory results regarding trade-offs between seed size and seed-bank persistence. C1 [Schutte, Brian J.; Davis, Adam S.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Peinado, Stephen A., Jr.; Ashigh, Jamshid] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Schutte, BJ (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Global Change & Photosynthesis Res Unit, 1201 West Gregory Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM bschutte@nmsu.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing scientific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 71 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 45 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0960-2585 EI 1475-2735 J9 SEED SCI RES JI Seed Sci. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 2 BP 119 EP 131 DI 10.1017/S0960258514000099 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AJ5VX UT WOS:000337759400005 ER PT J AU Novak, JM Spokas, KA Cantrell, KB Ro, KS Watts, DW Glaz, B Busscher, WJ Hunt, PG AF Novak, J. M. Spokas, K. A. Cantrell, K. B. Ro, K. S. Watts, D. W. Glaz, B. Busscher, W. J. Hunt, P. G. TI Effects of biochars and hydrochars produced from lignocellulosic and animal manure on fertility of a Mollisol and Entisol SO SOIL USE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biochar; GRACEnet; hydrochar; soil fertility ID SOIL AB Biochar and hydrochars (HC) are emerging soil fertility amendments; however, their ability to improve fertility levels in soils possessing vastly different pedogenic characteristics has not been well investigated. In this study, several plant and manure biochars and two blended HC applied at 3.84g/kg (ca.10t/ha) were incubated in pots containing a highly fertile-Mollisol (Waukegan series; Sandy-skeletal, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Hapludoll) and an infertile Entisol (Margate series; Siliceous, hyperthermic, Mollic Psammaquent). During the 124-125day laboratory incubations, pots were leached four times with deionized H2O with the leachates analysed for the concentrations of dissolved phosphorus (DP) and potassium (DK). After the incubations, both soils were analysed for fertility characteristics (i.e. pH, cation-exchange capacity (CEC), and extractable P and K). In both soils after biochar additions, there were mixed pH and CEC responses. Both the Mollisol and Entisol treated with swine solid biochar had greater plant extractable P and K contents, which was reflective of the elevated P and K contents in the swine solid biochar. However, most biochars and HC additions to the Mollisol and Entisol had minimal impact on soil fertility characteristics indicating a low direct fertilization potential. These nutrient contents could be altered through feedstock blending to target a particular fertilizer requirement. C1 [Novak, J. M.; Cantrell, K. B.; Ro, K. S.; Watts, D. W.; Busscher, W. J.; Hunt, P. G.] ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Spokas, K. A.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Glaz, B.] ARS, USDA, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Novak, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 West Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM jeff.novak@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-0032 EI 1475-2743 J9 SOIL USE MANAGE JI Soil Use Manage. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 30 IS 2 BP 175 EP 181 DI 10.1111/sum.12113 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AJ2VN UT WOS:000337522400001 ER PT J AU Corrales, J Fang, X Thornton, C Mei, W Barbazuk, WB Duke, M Scheffler, BE Willett, KL AF Corrales, J. Fang, X. Thornton, C. Mei, W. Barbazuk, W. B. Duke, M. Scheffler, B. E. Willett, K. L. TI Effects on specific promoter DNA methylation in zebrafish embryos and larvae following benzo[a]pyrene exposure SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Benzo[a]pyrene; DNA methylation; Embryo; Larvae; Zebrafish ID PROSTATE-CANCER; GENE-EXPRESSION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; CYTOCHROME-P450 1B1; DEVELOPMENTAL BASIS; BREAST-CANCER; BDNF PROMOTER; HUMAN GENOME; CELL-LINE AB Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is an established carcinogen and reproductive and developmental toxicant. BaP exposure in humans and animals has been linked to infertility and multigenerational health consequences. DNA methylation is the most studied epigenetic mechanism that regulates gene expression, and mapping of methylation patterns has become an important tool for understanding pathologic gene expression events. The goal of this study was to investigate aberrant changes in promoter DNA methylation in zebrafish embryos and larvae following a parental and continued embryonic waterborne BaP exposure. A total of 21 genes known for their role in human diseases were selected to measure percent methylation by multiplex deep sequencing. At 96 hpf (hours post fertilization) compared to 3.3 hpf, dazl, nqo1, sox3, cyp1b1, and gstp1 had higher methylation percentages while c-fos and cdkn1a had decreased CG methylation. BaP exposure significantly reduced egg production and offspring survival. Moreover, BaP decreased global methylation and altered CG, CHH, and CHG methylation both at 33 and 96 hpf. CG methylation changed by 10% or more due to BaP in six genes (c-fos, cdkn1a, dazl, nqo1, nrf2, and sox3) at 3.3 hpf and in ten genes (c-fos, cyp1b1, dazl, gstp1, mlh1, nqo1, pten, p53, sox2, and sox3) at 96 hpf. BaP also induced gene expression of cyp1b1 and gstp1 at 96 hpf which were found to be hypermethylated. Further studies are needed to link aberrant CG, CHH, and CHG methylation to heritable epigenetic consequences associated with disease in later life. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved. C1 [Corrales, J.; Thornton, C.; Willett, K. L.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacol, University, MS 38677 USA. [Fang, X.] Univ Florida, Dept Pediat, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Mei, W.; Barbazuk, W. B.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32669 USA. [Barbazuk, W. B.] Univ Florida, Genet Inst, Gainesville, FL 32669 USA. [Duke, M.; Scheffler, B. E.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Willett, KL (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacol, Box 1848,305 Faser Hall, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kwillett@olemiss.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [R21ES019940, R03ES018962]; Technology Transfer Award from the South Central Chapter of the Society of Toxicology; Graduate Student Council Research Grant from the University of Mississippi FX We wish to thank graduate and undergraduate students Frank Booc, Hallie Freyaldenhoven, Mallory White, Daniel Purdy, and Courtney Johnson for their critical role in assisting with fish husbandry duties before and during the exposure and experimental take-down. Research reported in this publication was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under award number: R21ES019940 and R03ES018962. It was also partly supported by a Technology Transfer Award from the South Central Chapter of the Society of Toxicology, and a Graduate Student Council Research Grant from the University of Mississippi. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. NR 94 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1532-0456 EI 1878-1659 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 163 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1016/j.cbpc.2014.02.005 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Toxicology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Toxicology; Zoology GA AI8YB UT WOS:000337211800005 PM 24576477 ER PT J AU Kalyuzhny, M Schreiber, Y Chocron, R Flather, CH Kadmon, R Kessler, DA Shnerb, NM AF Kalyuzhny, Michael Schreiber, Yishai Chocron, Rachel Flather, Curtis H. Kadmon, Ronen Kessler, David A. Shnerb, Nadav M. TI Temporal fluctuation scaling in populations and communities SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birds; demographic noise; environmental stochasticity; population abundance variance; sampling error; Taylor's law; temporal variance; trees; variance-mean relations ID TAYLORS POWER-LAW; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; ANIMAL POPULATIONS; TROPICAL FOREST; NEUTRAL THEORY; TIME-SERIES; VARIABILITY; VARIANCE; DYNAMICS; ABUNDANCE AB Taylor's law, one of the most widely accepted generalizations in ecology, states that the variance of a population abundance time series scales as a power law of its mean. Here we reexamine this law and the empirical evidence presented in support of it. Specifically, we show that the exponent generally depends on the length of the time series, and its value reflects the combined effect of many underlying mechanisms. Moreover, sampling errors alone, when presented on a double logarithmic scale, are sufficient to produce an apparent power law. This raises questions regarding the usefulness of Taylor's law for understanding ecological processes. As an alternative approach, we focus on short-term fluctuations and derive a generic null model for the variance-to-mean ratio in population time series from a demographic model that incorporates the combined effects of demographic and environmental stochasticity. After comparing the predictions of the proposed null model with the fluctuations observed in empirical data sets, we suggest an alternative expression for fluctuation scaling in population time series. Analyzing population fluctuations as we have proposed here may provide new applied (e.g., estimation of species persistence times) and theoretical (e.g., the neutral theory of biodiversity) insights that can be derived from more generally available short-term monitoring data. C1 [Kalyuzhny, Michael; Chocron, Rachel; Kadmon, Ronen] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, Dept Evolut Ecol & Behav, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Schreiber, Yishai; Kessler, David A.; Shnerb, Nadav M.] Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Shnerb, NM (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM nadav.shnerb@gmail.com RI Kessler, David/B-1391-2008; Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Kessler, David/0000-0002-5279-1655; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology TASHTIOT; Israeli Science Foundation [454/11]; BIKURA [1026/11] FX We thank the investigators of the Center for Tropical Forest Science and USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center for facilitating the data used in this analysis, and all the volunteers of the North American Breeding Bird Survey and Barro Colorado Island for their extraordinary work. M. Kalyuzhny and Y. Schreiber contributed equally to this work. This work was supported by the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology TASHTIOT program and by the Israeli Science Foundation grant number 454/11 and BIKURA grant number 1026/11. NR 36 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 6 U2 45 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 95 IS 6 BP 1701 EP 1709 PG 9 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI9AQ UT WOS:000337218500028 PM 25039234 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Jones, JL AF Dubey, Jitender P. Jones, Jeffrey L. TI Comments on "Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Raw Caprine, Ovine, Buffalo, Bovine, and Camel Milk Using Cell Cultivation, Cat Bioassay, Capture ELISA, and PCR Methods in Iran'' SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; GOATS C1 [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jones, Jeffrey L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, USDA, Bldg 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 11 IS 6 BP 500 EP 501 DI 10.1089/fpd.2014.1786 PG 2 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AI8OA UT WOS:000337177400013 PM 24886069 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Pijut, PM AF Wang, Ying Pijut, Paula M. TI Improvement of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and rooting of black cherry SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-PLANT LA English DT Article DE Genetic transformation; Prunus serotina; Rooting; Sonication; Vacuum infiltration ID PRUNUS-DOMESTICA L.; GENETIC-TRANSFORMATION; VACUUM-INFILTRATION; EMBRYOGENIC CALLUS; LEA GENE; REGENERATION; SONICATION; PLANTS; PLUM; EFFICIENCY AB An improved protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of an elite, mature black cherry genotype was developed. To increase transformation efficiency, vacuum infiltration, sonication, and a combination of the two treatments were applied during the cocultivation of leaf explants with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain EHA105 harboring a PsAGAMOUS RNAi plasmid (pART27-PsAGRNAi). The effects of Agrobacterium culture density and cocultivation duration on transformation efficiency were examined using EHA105 harboring either pBI121-MDL4 or pBI121-PsTFL1. In addition, the effect of the binary vector on transformation efficiency was also studied. Fifteen-minute vacuum infiltration without sonication produced the highest transformation efficiency (21.7%) in experiments using pART27-PsAGRNAi. OD600 values of 1.0 and 1.5 resulted in a transformation efficiency of 5% when pBI121-PsTFL1 was used for transformation. Transformation efficiency of 5% was also obtained from 3-d cocultivation using construct pBI121-MDL4 whereas no shoots regenerated after 4-d cocultivation. The binary vectors used also impacted transformation efficiency. PCR and quantitative-PCR analyses were used to confirm the integration of transgenes and determine the copy number of the selectable marker gene, neomycin phosphotransferase II, in 18 putative transgenic lines. Rooting of transgenic black cherry shoots was achieved at a frequency of 30% using half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 2% sucrose, 5 mu M naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.01 mu M kinetin, and 0.793 mM phloroglucinol, and the resulting transgenic plants were successfully acclimatized. C1 [Wang, Ying] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pijut, Paula M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ppijut@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 FU Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University FX This work was supported financially by a Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University to Ying Wang. The authors gratefully acknowledge Drs. Sadanand Dhekney, Lining Tian, and Charles Maynard for their constructive review and suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1054-5476 EI 1475-2689 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-PL JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Plant PD JUN PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 307 EP 316 DI 10.1007/s11627-014-9608-2 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Plant Sciences; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA AI8JL UT WOS:000337159600002 ER PT J AU Ren, GY Yao, P Fu, N Li, D Lan, YB Chen, XD AF Ren, Guang-yue Yao, Ping Fu, Nan Li, Dong Lan, Yubin Chen, Xiao Dong TI Physical Properties of Naked Oat Seeds (Avena nuda L.) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE naked oat seeds; physical properties; moisture content; coefficient of friction; angle of repose ID MOISTURE-CONTENT; VARIETIES; FLAXSEED; KERNEL; MILLET; BRAN AB Some physical properties of the naked oat seeds were determined as a function of moisture content ranging from 9.56 to 18.07% (wet basis, w. b.). Seed length, width, thickness, and geometric mean diameter were increased from 7.89 to 8.81 mm, 2.32 to 3.09 mm, 1.85 to 2.77 mm, and 3.24 to 4.22 mm, respectively, with the increase of moisture content. The bulk and true densities of the seed samples were decreased from 682.1 to 533.1 kg/m(3) and from 1,280.6 to 1,162.8 kg/m(3), respectively. The average static friction coefficients of the seeds on the surfaces of plywood, stainless steel, and polypropylene knitted bags were increased from 0.403 to 0.674, from 0.371 to 0.496, and from 0.562 to 0.765, respectively, when the moisture content of these samples were increased from 9.56 to 18.07% (w. b.). The static angle of repose varied from 24.38 degrees to 39.17 degrees in the moisture content range. C1 [Ren, Guang-yue; Li, Dong] China Agr Univ, Natl Energy R&D Ctr Nonfood Biomass, Coll Engn, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Ren, Guang-yue] Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Food & Bioengn, Luoyang, Henan, Peoples R China. [Yao, Ping] Hebei North Univ, Coll Agr & Forestry Sci Technol, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, Peoples R China. [Fu, Nan; Chen, Xiao Dong] Soochow Univ, Sch Chem & Environm Engn, Suzhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lan, Yubin] USDA ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. RP Li, D (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Natl Energy R&D Ctr Nonfood Biomass, Coll Engn, POB 50,17 Qinghua Donglu, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM guangyueyao@163.com; yaoping72@163.com; nan.fu@suda.edu.cn; dongli@cau.edu.cn; Yubin.lan@ars.usda.gov; xdc@xmu.edu.cn OI Fu, Nan/0000-0002-4751-4645 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31271972]; High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2011AA100802]; Science and Technology Support Project of China [2013BAD10B03]; Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission Project [Z121100001312010]; Commonweal Guild Agricultural Scientific Research Program of China [201003077]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [2012QJ009] FX This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271972), High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2011AA100802), Science and Technology Support Project of China (2013BAD10B03), Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission Project (Z121100001312010), Commonweal Guild Agricultural Scientific Research Program of China (201003077), and Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (2012QJ009). NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 17 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-5764 EI 1556-3758 J9 INT J FOOD ENG JI Int. J. Food Eng. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 2 BP 339 EP 345 DI 10.1515/ijfe-2012-0016 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AI8IG UT WOS:000337155300014 ER PT J AU Kumar, R Tian, JC Naranjo, SE Shelton, AM AF Kumar, Rishi Tian, Jun-Ce Naranjo, Steven E. Shelton, Anthony M. TI Effects of Bt Cotton on Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Its Predator, Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cry1Ac; Cry2Ab; cotton; biosafety; nontarget effect ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; NATURAL ENEMIES; ARTHROPOD PREDATORS; CHRYSOPERLA-CARNEA; CRY1AB TOXIN; MAIZE; CORN; LEPIDOPTERA; RESISTANT; FIELDS AB Laboratory studies were conducted to investigate tritrophic transfer of insecticidal Cry proteins from transgenic cotton to an herbivore and its predator, and to examine effects of these proteins on the predator's development, survival, and reproduction. Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produced in Bollgard-II (BG-II, Event 15985) cotton plants were acquired by Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), an important sucking pest of cotton, and its generalist predator, Orius insidiosus (Say) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). The average protein titers in BG-II cotton leaves were 1,256 and 43,637 ng Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab per gram fresh leaf tissue, respectively. At the second trophic level, larvae of T. tabaci reared on BG-II cotton for 48-96 h had 22.1 and 2.1% of the Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab levels expressed in leaves, respectively. At the third trophic level, O. insidiosus that fed on T. tabaci larvae had 4.4 and 0.3% of the Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab protein levels, respectively, expressed in BG-II plants. O. insidiosus survivorship, time of nymphal development, adult weight, preoviposition and postoviposition periods, fecundity, and adult longevity were not adversely affected owing to consumption of T. tabaci larvae that had fed on BG-II cotton compared with non-Bt cotton. Our results indicate that O. insidiosus, a common predator of T. tabaci, is not harmed by BG-II cotton when exposed to Bt proteins through its prey. Thus, O. insidiosus can continue to provide important biological control services in the cotton ecosystem when BG-II cotton is used to control primary lepidopteran pests. C1 [Kumar, Rishi; Tian, Jun-Ce; Shelton, Anthony M.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Kumar, Rishi] Cent Inst Cotton Res, Reg Stn, Sirsa, Haryana, India. [Tian, Jun-Ce] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect & Microbiol, State Key Lab Breeding Base Zhejiang Sustainable, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Naranjo, Steven E.] USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Shelton, AM (reprint author), Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Entomol, 630 W North St, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. EM ams5@cornell.edu FU Fulbright Commission of India; United States; USDA [2010-33522-21772]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX The Fulbright Commission of India and the United States provided a fellowship to the senior author of this article and he is very grateful for their support. The permission granted by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research to work on this project and necessary facilities provided by Cornell University at Geneva for the completion of the project are also gratefully acknowledged. Additional laboratory support was provided by the Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program Competitive Grant 2010-33522-21772 from the USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The technical help and editing assistance of H. L. Collins is gratefully acknowledged. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 38 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 927 EP 932 DI 10.1603/EC13567 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300006 PM 25026649 ER PT J AU Duan, JJ Watt, TJ Larson, K AF Duan, Jian J. Watt, Timothy J. Larson, Kristi TI Biology, Life History, and Laboratory Rearing of Spathius galinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Larval Parasitoid of the Invasive Emerald Ash Borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; woodborer; Braconidae; fecundity; biological control ID TETRASTICHUS-PLANIPENNISI HYMENOPTERA; RUSSIAN FAR-EAST; AGRILI HYMENOPTERA; HOST-PLANT; EULOPHIDAE; ABUNDANCE AB Spathius galinae Belokobylskij& Strazanac is a recently described parasitoid of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire, in the Russian Far East, and is currently being considered for biocontrol introduction in the United States. Using A. planipennis larvae reared with freshly cut ash (Fraxinus spp.) sticks, weinvestigated the biology, life cycle, andrearing of S. galinae in the laboratory under normal rearing conditions (25 +/- 1 degrees C, 65 +/- 10% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 16:8 [L:D] h). Our study showed that S. galinae took approximately 1 mo (29 d) to complete a single generation (from egg to adult) under the laboratory rearing conditions. After eclosion from eggs, larvae of S. galinae molted four times to reach the fifth instar, which then spun cocoons for pupation and development to adults. Adult female wasps had a median survival time of 7wk with fecundity peaking 3wk after emergence when reared in groups (of five females and five males) and 2wk in single pairs. Throughout the life span, a single female S. galinae produced a mean (+/- SE) of 31 (+/- 3.0) progeny when reared in groups, and a mean (+/- SE) of 47 (+/- 5.3) progeny when reared in single pairs. Results from our study also showed that S. galinae could be effectively reared with A. planipennis larvae reared in both green (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshall) and tropical [Fraxinus uhdei (Wenzig) Lingelsh] ash sticks. However, the abortion (unemergence) rate of S. galinae progeny was much higher (20%) when reared with host larvae in green ash sticks than that (2.1%) in tropical ash sticks. C1 [Duan, Jian J.; Larson, Kristi] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Watt, Timothy J.; Larson, Kristi] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19713 USA. RP Duan, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insects Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM jian.duan@ars.usda.com NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 32 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 939 EP 946 DI 10.1603/EC13552 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300008 PM 25026651 ER PT J AU Greenstone, MH Tillman, PG Hu, JS AF Greenstone, M. H. Tillman, P. G. Hu, J. S. TI Predation of the Newly Invasive Pest Megacopta cribraria (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) in Soybean Habitats Adjacent to Cotton by a Complex of Predators SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Geocoris spp.; kudzu bug; molecular gut-content analysis; Oxyopes salticus; predation ID RUBIDIUM MARKING; ALTERNATIVE PREY; STINK BUG; FIRE ANT; IDENTIFICATION; HYMENOPTERA; TRACKING; FOOD; PENTATOMIDAE; HETEROPTERA AB The kudzu bug, Megacopta cribraria (F.) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae), is a newly invasive exotic insect found primarily on kudzu, but also on soybean, in the southeastern United States. We used molecular gut-content analysis to document predation on this pest by insects and spiders in soybean, and to detect remains of crop-specific alternative prey in predators' guts as markers of predator migration between soybean and adjacent cotton. M. cribraria was found exclusively on soybean. Eight native generalist predators over both crops screened positive by specific PCR for DNA of the pest: Geocoris punctipes (Say), Geocoris uliginosus (Say), Orius insidiosus (Say), Podisus maculiventris (Say), Hippodamia convergens Guerin-Meneville, Zelus renardii (Kolenati), Oxyopes salticus Hentz, and Peucetia viridans (Hentz); a ninth predator, the exotic Solenopsis invicta Buren, also screened positive for M. cribraria DNA. P. viridans was the only arthropod that tested positive for DNA of this invasive pest in only one crop, cotton. Two plant-feeding pentatomid species, Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) and Thyanta custator (F.), were found exclusively on soybean, and another, Euschistus tristigmus (Say), was specific to cotton in the context of this study. Detection of predation on a combination of M. cribraria and P. guildinii and T. custator in cotton and M. cribraria and E. tristigmus in soybean demonstrated that these predators dispersed between crops. These results strongly support the use of soybean habitats adjacent to cotton as part of a conservation biological control strategy against M. cribraria. This is the first report documenting predation on this exotic pest in the field via molecular gut-content analysis. C1 [Greenstone, M. H.; Hu, J. S.] ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tillman, P. G.] ARS, USDA, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Greenstone, MH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC West, Room 214,B-011A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM matt.greenstone@ars.usda.gov NR 45 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 48 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 947 EP 954 DI 10.1603/EC13356 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300009 PM 25026652 ER PT J AU Follett, PA Swedman, A Price, DK AF Follett, Peter A. Swedman, Allison Price, Donald K. TI Postharvest Irradiation Treatment for Quarantine Control of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Fresh Commodities SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE X-ray radiation; radio-tolerance; invasive species; regulatory pest; phytosanitary treatment ID SPOTTED-WING DROSOPHILA; CONFIDENCE-LIMITS; SAMPLE-SIZE; FRUITS AB Irradiation is a postharvest quarantine treatment option for exported commodities such as stone fruits and small fruits to prevent movement of the new invasive pest spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii (Walker) (Diptera: Drosophilidae). The effects of irradiation on larval and pupal development and adult reproduction in D. suzukii were examined. Larvae (first, second, and third instars) and pupae (1-2-d-old, 3-5-d-old, and 7-8-d-old) on diet were irradiated at target doses of 20, 30, 40, and 50 Gy in replicated factorial experiments and survival to the adult stage was recorded. Tolerance to radiation increased with increasing age and developmental stage. Males and females were equally susceptible. A radiation dose of 40 Gy applied to first- and second-instar larvae prevented adult emergence. The late-stage pupa was the most radiation-tolerant stage that occurs in fruit, and individuals irradiated at this stage readily emerged as adults; therefore, prevention of F-1 adults was the desired treatment response for large-scale validation tests with naturally infested fruit. In large-scale tests, a radiation dose of 80 Gy applied to late-stage pupae in sweet cherries or grapes resulted in no production of F-1 adults in >33,000 treated individuals, which meets the zero tolerance requirement for market access. A minimum absorbed dose of 80 Gy is recommended for quarantine control of D. suzukii. C1 [Follett, Peter A.; Swedman, Allison] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Price, Donald K.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Biol, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Follett, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM peter.follett@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS) Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops (TASC) program FX We are grateful to Steve Brown and Justin Bisel (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Hilo, HI) who helped maintain the insect colony and conduct irradiation experiments. Nick Manoukis (USDA-ARS, Hilo, HI) provided a helpful review of the manuscript. This research was partially funded by grants from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Foreign Agricultural Service (USDA-FAS) Technical Assistance for Specialty Crops (TASC) program. USDA is an equal-opportunity provider and employer. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 44 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 964 EP 969 DI 10.1603/EC14006 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300011 PM 25026654 ER PT J AU Yokoyama, VY AF Yokoyama, Victoria Y. TI Multiple Quarantine Treatment Using Bale Compression and a Three-Day Fumigation to Control Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Exported Hay SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor (Say); hydrogen phosphide; commodity treatment; system approach; quarantine security ID WRAPPED BALES; LARGE-SIZE; JAPAN; MORTALITY; EFFICACY; RESIDUES; PUPARIA AB A multiple quarantine treatment was developed to control Hessian fly puparia, Mayetiola destructor (Say), the stage of regulatory concern in exported hay. In a commercial test using 51,589 puparia, no insects survived to the adult stage after exposure to bale compression at 137 kg/cm(2) and fumigation with 61 g/28.3 m(3) hydrogen phosphide for 3 d. The puparia were fumigated in infested wheat seedlings in cloth bags inside compressed timothy bales placed in different locations in three replicate freight containers in a heated building. Fumigant concentrations were 345-522 ppm on day 1; 580-824 ppm on day 2; and 680-861 ppm on day 3. Monitored temperatures were >= 20 degrees C in all locations allowing the fumigation temperature to be established at >= 20 degrees C. Copper detection plate corrosion values were severe inside the freight container doors, and moderate in the middle of bales in all locations, providing visual confirmation of exposure to hydrogen phosphide. Hydrogen phosphide residues in exposed hay bales were found in trace amounts, below the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency tolerance of 0.1 ppm for animal feeds. Timothy hay used in the commercial test is the representative species for all previously exported hay and straw species. The new multiple quarantine treatment is proposed for use with all previously tested bale sizes and wrapper styles for which 3-d fumigation data has been reported, and for bales and wrappers derived from those tested. C1 USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Yokoyama, VY (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 South Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM victoria.yokoyama@ars.usda.gov FU National Hay Association FX The author is grateful to Brandon A. Simons, Student Trainee, USDA-ARS, Parlier, CA; Sue E. Cambron, USDA-ARS, West Lafayette, IN; Rollie J. Bernth, Marla J. Bernth, and Joseph J. Wahle, Ward Rugh, Ellensburg, WA; Daryl Petrey, USDA-APHIS-PPQ, Ellensburg, WA; Jeannette S. Muhareb, Dried Fruit Association, Fresno, CA; and The National Hay Association for assistance and support of this project. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 981 EP 986 DI 10.1603/EC13406 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300013 PM 25026656 ER PT J AU Kumar, S Neven, LG Yee, WL AF Kumar, Sunil Neven, Lisa G. Yee, Wee L. TI Assessing the Potential for Establishment of Western Cherry Fruit Fly Using Ecological Niche Modeling SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CLIMEX; insect pest; MaxEnt; NAPPFAST; niche modeling ID INDIFFERENS DIPTERA-TEPHRITIDAE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; SAMPLE SELECTION BIAS; PSEUDO-ABSENCE DATA; HOST-PLANT USE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WASHINGTON-STATE; CURRAN DIPTERA; CODLING MOTH; DIAPAUSE DEVELOPMENT AB Sweet cherries, Prunus avium (L.) L., grown in the western United States are exported to many countries around the world. Some of these countries have enforced strict quarantine rules and trade restrictions owing to concerns about the potential establishment and subsequent spread of western cherry fruit fly, Rhagoletis indifferens Curran (Diptera: Tephritidae), a major quarantine pest of sweet cherry. We used 1) niche models (CLIMEX and MaxEnt) to map the climatic suitability, 2) North Carolina State University-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Plant Pest Forecasting System to examine chilling requirement, and 3) host distribution and availability to assess the potential for establishment of R. indifferens in areas of western North America where it currently does not exist and eight current or potential fresh sweet cherry markets: Colombia, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, Venezuela, and Vietnam. Results from niche models conformed well to the current distribution of R. indifferens in western North America. MaxEnt and CLIMEX models had high performance and predicted climatic suitability in some of the countries (e.g., Andean range in Colombia and Venezuela, northern and northeastern India, central Taiwan, and parts of Vietnam). However, our results showed no potential for establishment of R. indifferens in Colombia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Taiwan, Thailand, Venezuela, and Vietnam when the optimal chilling requirement to break diapause (minimum temperature <= 3 degrees C for at least 15 wk) was used as the criterion for whether establishment can occur. Furthermore, these countries have no host plant species available for R. indifferens. Our results can be used to make scientifically informed international trade decisions and negotiations by policy makers. C1 [Kumar, Sunil] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Neven, Lisa G.; Yee, Wee L.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. RP Kumar, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Sunil.Kumar@colostate.edu RI Kumar, Sunil/A-6730-2009 FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission (WTFRC) from the Foreign Agricultural Service of the USDA FX This research was funded by a grant through the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission (WTFRC) from the Foreign Agricultural Service of the USDA. We thank Mike Willett (Northwest Horticultural Council [NHC]), Kathy Coffey (WTFRC), and Shelly Watkins (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [USDA-ARS]) for providing occurrence data and assistance during the project. We thank Robert Dowell and Colleen Murphy-Vierra from the California Department of Food and Agriculture for providing R. indifferens survey data from California. We thank Daniel Borchert and Roger Magarey (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service- Plant Protection and Quarantine-Center for Plant Health Science and Technology-Plant Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Laboratory [USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST-PERAL]) for assistance with NAPPFAST. We are grateful to Stephanie Bloem, Daniel Borchert (USDA-APHIS-PPQ-CPHST-PERAL), Mike Willett (NHC), and Jeff Morisette (North Central Climate Science Center) for their review of the draft manuscript. We also thank the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory at Colorado State University, and Yakima Agricultural Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Wapato, WA, for providing the logistical support. Finally, we are grateful to two anonymous reviewers whose comments also improved the manuscript. NR 86 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 27 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1032 EP 1044 DI 10.1603/EC14052 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300019 PM 25026662 ER PT J AU Weber, DC Leskey, TC Walsh, GC Khrimian, A AF Weber, Donald C. Leskey, Tracy C. Cabrera Walsh, Guillermo Khrimian, Ashot TI Synergy of Aggregation Pheromone With Methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-Decatrienoate in Attraction of Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE semiochemical; Pentatomidae; pest monitoring; trap capture ID MARMORATED STINK BUG; PIEZODORUS-HYBNERI PENTATOMIDAE; HETEROPTERA-PENTATOMIDAE; CROSS-ATTRACTION; GEOMETRIC ISOMERS; TRUE BUGS; FIELD; IDENTIFICATION; INVASION; ALYDIDAE AB The reported male-produced aggregation pheromone of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stal) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), identified as a mixture of (3S, 6S, 7R, 10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol and (3R, 6S, 7R, 10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol, offers new opportunities for its management. We found that black pyramid traps deployed along crop borders in Maryland and West Virginia, containing lures with both stereoisomers of this reported aggregation pheromone combined with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate (MDT) lures, attracted more adult and nymphal H. halys than either the aggregation pheromone or MDT alone. In season-long totals, combined lures acted synergistically by catching 1.9-3.2 times more number of adults, and 1.4-2.5 times more number of nymphs, than expected from an additive effect of the lures deployed individually. There were no significant differences in patterns of male and female captures. MDT alone was not significantly attractive to adults during most of the growing season, but became increasingly attractive to adults and especially nymphs in autumn. Mixed-isomer lures containing eight stereoisomers of 10,11-epoxy1-bisabolen-3-ol, including the two active stereoisomers, were as effective at catching adults and nymphs with or without MDT as were lures loaded only with the two active stereoisomers in the natural ratio ((3S, 6S, 7R, 10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen-3-ol: (3R, 6S, 7R, 10S)-10,11-epoxy-1-bisabolen3-ol): of 3.5:1. These results identify a combination of semiochemicals that is attractive season-long for detection, monitoring, and potential control of this polyphagous invasive pest of North America and Europe. C1 [Weber, Donald C.; Khrimian, Ashot] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Cabrera Walsh, Guillermo] Fdn Estudio Especies Invas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Weber, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Don.Weber@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant [2011-51181-30937] FX We thank Michael Athanas, Anthony DiMeglio, and Matthew Klein (Maryland) and John Cullum, Sean Wiles, and Torri Hancock (West Virginia) for pheromone trap field collection and enumeration. Data in Maryland for the last two sample periods in 2013 were collected in defiance of the shutdown of the U.S. federal government during this time. Partial support for this study was from U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crop Research Initiative grant 2011-51181-30937. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 29 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1061 EP 1068 DI 10.1603/EC13502 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300022 PM 25026665 ER PT J AU Tobin, PC Bolyard, JL Onufrieva, KS Hickman, AD AF Tobin, Patrick C. Bolyard, Joshua L. Onufrieva, Ksenia S. Hickman, Andrea D. TI The Effect of Male and Female Age on Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Fecundity SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aging; biological invasion; gypsy moth; low-density population; mating success ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; MATING SUCCESS; QUANTILE REGRESSION; MATE LOCATION; DISRUPTION; POPULATIONS; INVASIONS; TIME; ERADICATION; SUITABILITY AB Insects that reproduce sexually must locate a suitable mate, and many species have evolved efficient communication mechanisms to find each other. The number of reproductively viable individuals in a population can be an important constraint in the growth of populations. One factor that can affect insect fecundity is the age of mating adults, as fecundity tends to decline with age. Field observations collected annually on Lymantria dispar ( L.) from 2001 to 2007 and 2009 consistently revealed a small proportion of egg masses (generally <10% in each year) in which >0 but <5% of eggs were fertilized in an egg mass consisting of approximate to 200-500 eggs. In these studies, male age was unknown but female age was fixed at <24 h, which, according to previous studies on the effect of female L. dispar age on reproductive success, should have been optimal for fertilization. In this article, we analyzed field data (2001-2007 and 2009) to explore patterns in the occurrence of low-fertilized egg masses. We supplemented these data with laboratory experiments that examined the interacting role of male and female age, and multiple male matings. We observed that increases in male and female age reduce the rate of fertilization, which is furthermore reduced, as males mate multiple times as they age. This article highlights the importance of both female and male age at the time of mating in an invading species, with ramifications to low-density populations in this and other sexually reproducing insect species. C1 [Tobin, Patrick C.; Bolyard, Joshua L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Onufrieva, Ksenia S.; Hickman, Andrea D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Tobin, PC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 180 Canfield St, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ptobin@fs.fed.us RI Onufrieva, Ksenia/A-4609-2008 OI Onufrieva, Ksenia/0000-0002-8424-850X FU USDA Forest Service [01-CA-11244225-122]; Forest Health Protection [06-CA-11244225-008]; Gypsy Moth Slow-the-Spread program [10-CA-11420004-024] FX We are very grateful to Hannah Nadel and Christine McCallum (USDA-APHIS) for providing gypsy moth pupae. We thank Donna Leonard and Laura Blackburn (USDA Forest Service), and Mannin Dodd (Virginia Tech) for technical assistance. We also thank Sandy Liebhold (USDA Forest Service) for comments on an earlier version of our manuscript. Field studies were funded through the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, and Gypsy Moth Slow-the-Spread program (Grants 01-CA-11244225-122, 06-CA-11244225-008, and 10-CA-11420004-024, respectively). NR 55 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1076 EP 1083 DI 10.1603/EC13561 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300024 PM 25026667 ER PT J AU Chen, MS Wheeler, S Davis, H Whitworth, RJ Knutson, A Giles, KL Royer, TA Skinner, M AF Chen, Ming-Shun Wheeler, Shanda Davis, Holly Whitworth, R. Jeff Knutson, Allen Giles, Kristopher L. Royer, Tom A. Skinner, Margaret TI Molecular Markers for Species Identification of Hessian Fly Males Caught on Sticky Pheromone Traps SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; hessian fly; pheromone trap; wheat; molecular marker ID DIPTERA-CECIDOMYIIDAE; WINTER-WHEAT; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; GALL MIDGE; INSECTICIDES; GENOTYPES; GENES AB Pheromone traps have been widely used to monitor insect population activity. However, sticky pheromone traps for the Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor), one of the most destructive pests of wheat, have been used only in recent years. Hessian fly male adults are small and fragile, and preserving specimens during sorting of sticky pheromone traps is a challenge when intact specimens are often required to visually distinguish them from related insects such as fungus gnats. In this study, we have established a quick and reliable method based on polymerase chain reaction markers to correctly distinguish Hessian fly males from other closely related insects. Two Hessian fly-specific markers were established, one based on the trypsin gene MDP-10 and the other based on a gene encoding the salivary gland protein SSGP31D-5. Both markers provided >98% identification success of 110 Hessian fly samples prepared from single insects. The method should provide a useful tool to allow for identification of Hessian fly individuals on sticky pheromone traps or in other situations when Hessian fly eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults are difficult to distinguish from other insects. C1 [Chen, Ming-Shun] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun; Wheeler, Shanda; Davis, Holly; Whitworth, R. Jeff] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Knutson, Allen] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. [Giles, Kristopher L.; Royer, Tom A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Entomol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Skinner, Margaret] Univ Vermont, Entomol Res Lab, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM mchen@ksu.edu RI Royer, Tom/D-9737-2016 OI Royer, Tom/0000-0003-0912-7115 FU USDA-NIFA-RAMP [2010-51101-21642] FX We thank Carlos Campos, TX A&M Agrilife Extension, for field and laboratory analysis with Hessian fly sticky pheromone traps. This research was partially supported by the grant USDA-NIFA-RAMP #2010-51101-21642. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal-opportunity provider and employer. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1110 EP 1117 DI 10.1603/EC13384 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300028 PM 25026671 ER PT J AU Chen, MS Wheeler, S Wang, HY Whitworth, RJ AF Chen, Ming-Shun Wheeler, Shanda Wang, Haiyan Whitworth, R. Jeffrey TI Impact of Temperatures on Hessian Fly (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) Resistance in Selected Wheat Cultivars (Poales: Poaceae) in the Great Plains Region SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hessian fly; Mayetiola destructor; plant resistance; temperature effect; wheat ID WINTER-WHEAT; INSECTICIDES; MANAGEMENT; EXPRESSION; GENES AB Changes in temperature can result in fundamental changes in plant physiology. This study investigated the impact of different temperatures from 14 to 26 degrees C on the resistance or susceptibility to the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), of selected wheat cultivars that are either currently popular in the Great Plains area or soon to be released to this region. We found that many wheat cultivars including 'Bill Brown,' 'OByrd,' 'Endurance,' 'Fuller,' 'GA-031257-10LE34,' and 'KS09H19-2-3' were susceptible to Hessian fly infestation at >= 20 degrees C, but became resistant at a certain lower temperature, depending on different cultivars. These cultivars were classified as Hessian fly susceptible according to the traditional standards, and their impact on Hessian fly management needs to be reevaluated. However, many wheat cultivars that were resistant at <= 20 degrees C became destabilized at a certain higher temperature. Phenotypic variations among the resistant cultivars at different temperatures were also observed, suggesting potential different resistance mechanisms. Studies on the genetic and molecular mechanisms associated with resistance at different temperatures are needed, which may lead to improved wheat cultivars with more durable resistance to Hessian fly infestation. C1 [Chen, Ming-Shun] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, Ming-Shun; Wheeler, Shanda; Whitworth, R. Jeffrey] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wang, Haiyan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Stat, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM mchen@ksu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Risk Avoidance and Mitigation program (USDAD-NIFA RAMP) [2010-51101-21642] FX We thank C. Michael Smith for reviewing an earlier version of the manuscript, Drs. Jerry Johnson, Marla Hall, Sid Perry, Brett Carver, and Guorong Zhang for allowing us to use their new wheat cultivars for this study before their official release, and Shauna Dendy for technical assistance. This research was partially supported by the grant U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-Risk Avoidance and Mitigation program (USDAD-NIFA RAMP) # 2010-51101-21642. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 23 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1266 EP 1273 DI 10.1603/EC13357 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300049 PM 25026692 ER PT J AU Puterka, GJ Nicholson, SJ Brown, MJ Cooper, WR Peairs, FB Randolph, TL AF Puterka, G. J. Nicholson, S. J. Brown, M. J. Cooper, W. R. Peairs, F. B. Randolph, T. L. TI Characterization of Eight Russian Wheat Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) Biotypes Using Two-Category Resistant-Susceptible Plant Responses SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE plant resistance; wheat; barley; invasive specie; plant damage ID UNITED-STATES; BARLEY GERMPLASM; GENETIC-VARIATION; NORTH-AMERICA; HOMOPTERA; POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; STARS-9301B; COLORADO AB Eight biotypes of the Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov), have been discovered in the United States since 2003. Biotypes are identified by the distinct feeding damage responses they produce on wheat carrying different Russian wheat aphid resistance genes, namely, from Dn1 to Dn9. Each Russian wheat aphid biotype has been named using plant damage criteria and virulence categories that have varied between studies. The study was initiated to compare the plant damage caused by all the eight known Russian wheat aphid biotypes, and analyze the results to determine how Russian wheat aphid virulence should be classi_ed. Each Russian wheat aphid biotype was evaluated on 16 resistant or susceptible cereal genotypes. Plant damage criteria included leaf roll, leaf chlorosis, and plant height. The distribution of chlorosis ratings followed a bimodal pattern indicating two categories of plant responses, resistant or susceptible. Correlations were significant between chlorosis ratings and leaf roll (r(2) = 0.72) and between chlorosis ratings and plant height (r(2) = 0.48). The response of 16 cereal genotypes to feeding by eight Russian wheat aphid biotypes found RWA1, RWA2, RWA6, and RWA8 to differ in virulence, while Russian wheat aphid biotypes RWA3, RWA4, RWA5, and RWA7 produced similar virulence profiles. These biotypes have accordingly been consolidated to what is hereafter referred to as RWA3/7. Our results indicated that the five main biotypes RWA1, RWA2, RWA3/7, RWA6, and RWA8 can be identified using only four wheat genotypes containing Dn3, Dn4, Dn6, and Dn9. C1 [Puterka, G. J.; Nicholson, S. J.; Brown, M. J.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. [Cooper, W. R.] USDA ARS, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Peairs, F. B.; Randolph, T. L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Puterka, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, 1301 N Western, Stillwater, OK 74074 USA. EM gary.puterka@ars.usda.gov RI Cooper, William/D-3205-2017 NR 26 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 20 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1274 EP 1283 DI 10.1603/EC13408 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300050 PM 25026693 ER PT J AU Tucker, AM Campbell, JF Arthur, FH Zhu, KY AF Tucker, Angela M. Campbell, James F. Arthur, Frank H. Zhu, Kun Yan TI Efficacy of Aerosol Applications of Methoprene and Synergized Pyrethrin Against Tribolium castaneum Adults and Eggs SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tribolium castaneum; methoprene; synergized pyrethrin; efficacy; aerosol application ID METHYL PLUS DELTAMETHRIN; PLODIA-INTERPUNCTELLA; CONFUSUM COLEOPTERA; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; FIELD STRAINS; FLOUR BEETLES; 5TH INSTARS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; TENEBRIONIDAE; IMPACT AB Experiments were performed to determine the efficacy of a single aerosol application of the insecticides methoprene and piperonyl butoxide-synergized pyrethrin, alone or in combination, and the insecticide carrier, Isopar M, against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle. The initial test exposed adults to insecticide treatments and placed male/female pairs in flour. All adults exposed to synergized pyrethrin were knocked down for at least 24 h after exposure but they recovered. High adult survival and similar average numbers of living F1 progeny were produced regardless of treatment exposure. In a separate test, insecticide treatments were directly applied to newly laid eggs, which resulted in the suppression of egg hatch. Synergized pyrethrin was the most effective insecticide (P <= 0.001) for suppressing egg hatch. The effect of flour on insecticide activity to eggs and consequent insect development was also evaluated. An amount of 0.01 g of flour in the exposure arena, 62-cm(2) area, was not sufficient for individuals to develop beyond the early larval stages, regardless of the treatment. As the flour amount in the arena increased from 1 to 5 g, the number of eggs that could develop to the adult stage increased, but this number was significantly lower in the insecticide treatments than in the control or carrier treatments. The results of the later tests indicate a high efficacy of the insecticides alone or in combination on T. castaneum egg hatch and development to the adult stage. C1 [Tucker, Angela M.; Zhu, Kun Yan] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Campbell, James F.; Arthur, Frank H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Arthur, FH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM frank.arthur@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions program [2010-51102-21660] FX We thank Doug VanGundy of Central Life Sciences for supplying methoprene and Robert Drudge of Entech Systems for supplying the Entech Fog-10 and Isopar M; Casey Persson, Brian Sanborn, Marshal Van Tuyl, Dillon Robbins, Konner Cool, Brian Barnett, and Rich Hammel for technical support and advice. We also thank Subramanyam Bhadriraju, Susan Brown, and David Margolies for comments on earlier drafts. Research was partially funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Methyl Bromide Transitions program (grant number 2010-51102-21660). This is KAES contribution number 14-160-J. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or Kansas State University. USDA is an equal-opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1284 EP 1291 DI 10.1603/EC13507 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300051 PM 25026694 ER PT J AU Haavik, LJ Batista, E Dodds, KJ Johnson, W Meeker, JR Scarr, TA Allison, JD AF Haavik, Laurel J. Batista, Elder Dodds, Kevin J. Johnson, Wood Meeker, James R. Scarr, Taylor A. Allison, Jeremy D. TI Type of Intercept Trap Not Important for Capturing Female Sirex noctilio and S-nigricornis (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in North America SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE European woodwasp; invasive species; Lindgren funnel trap; delimitation survey ID UNITED-STATES; PINE STANDS; PHEROMONE; WOODWASP; LURES AB Current detection tools for Sirex noctilio F. (Hymenoptera: Siricidae) in North America are poor. To determine the importance of intercept trap type for capturing females of S. noctilio and its native congener, Sirex nigricornis F., in eastern North America, we report on seven trap comparison studies from different years and geographic locations. Among studies, total numbers of S. noctilio captured were low (mean of <= 1waspper trap). Total numbers of S. nigricornis caught were generally greater, andranged from ameanof 1-13 wasps per trap. Nearly all studies found no significant differencesamongintercept trap types in the number of woodwasps caught. For future studies, we recommend that either panel or 12-unit Lindgren funnel traps be used to catch S. noctilio or S. nigricornis in eastern North America. C1 [Haavik, Laurel J.] Nat Sci & Engn Res Council Canada, Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Batista, Elder] Univ Estadual Paulista Unesp, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. [Dodds, Kevin J.] USDA Forest Serv, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Johnson, Wood; Meeker, James R.] USDA Forest Serv, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. [Scarr, Taylor A.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 3H3, Canada. [Allison, Jeremy D.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. RP Haavik, LJ (reprint author), Nat Sci & Engn Res Council Canada, Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, 1219 Queen St E, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM ljhaavik@gmail.com RI Batista, Elder/D-3077-2014; OI Batista, Elder/0000-0003-2794-0468; Haavik, Laurel/0000-0002-7749-9095 FU Natural Resources Canada; Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources; Canadian Food Inspection Agency; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service-Forest Health Protection FX Authors thank Reg Nott, Nick Boyonoski, Sarah Crispell, Katelyn Kotska, Chanel Fall, Cydney Mihell, Ed Czerwinski, Sarah Drabble, Elizabeth Reichert, Steve Marks, and Claudia Martel for field assistance in Ontario and Al Foley for access to the Ontario Tree Seed Facility. The 2006 Sirex survey occurring in New York was a multiagency effort that included personnel from the New York Department of Agriculture & Markets, NY State Department of Environmental Conservation, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA-APHIS), and U. S. Forest Service. Marc F. DiGirolomo and Justin Williams assisted with setup and collections in Maine. Alex Mangini, Valli Peacher, Billy Bruce, and Chris Steiner (R8-FHP) provided field assistance in Louisiana. This collaborative work was funded in part by Natural Resources Canada, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, Canadian Food Inspection Agency, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Forest Service-Forest Health Protection. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-0493 EI 1938-291X J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 107 IS 3 BP 1295 EP 1298 DI 10.1603/EC14094 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AI8NJ UT WOS:000337174300053 PM 25026696 ER PT J AU Zheng, HQ Chen, YP AF Zheng, Huo-Qing Chen, Yan Ping TI Detection of Spiroplasma melliferum in honey bee colonies in the US SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Honey bee; Spiroplasma melliferum; PCR detection; Variation ID APIS-MELLIFERA; SOUTHWESTERN FRANCE; COLLAPSE DISORDER; PATHOGENICITY; BIODIVERSITY AB Spiroplasma infections in honey bees have been reported in Europe and Asia quite recently, due to intensive studies on the epidemiology of honey bee diseases. The situation in the US is less well analyzed. Here, we examined the honey bee colonies in Beltsville, MD, where Spiro plasma melliferum was originally reported and found S. melliferum infection in honey bees. Our data showed high variation of S. melliferum infection in honey bees with a peak prevalence in May during the course of one-year study period. The colony prevalence increased from 5% in February to 68% in May and then decreased to 25% in June and 22% in July. Despite that pathogenicity of spiroplasmas in honey bee colonies remains to be determined, our results indicated that spiroplasma infections need to be included for the consideration of the impacts on honey bee health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zheng, Huo-Qing] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Zheng, Huo-Qing; Chen, Yan Ping] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chen, YP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, BARC East, Bldg 306, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM judy.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 EI 1096-0805 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 119 BP 47 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2014.03.006 PG 3 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AI8ZW UT WOS:000337216500008 PM 24746850 ER PT J AU Lustgarten, MS Price, LL Chale, A Phillips, EM Fielding, RA AF Lustgarten, Michael S. Price, Lori Lyn Chale, Angela Phillips, Edward M. Fielding, Roger A. TI Branched Chain Amino Acids Are Associated With Muscle Mass in Functionally Limited Older Adults SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Inflammation; Muscle; Insulin resistance; Metabolomic ID SYRUP-URINE-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; BODY-COMPOSITION; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; PROTEIN BREAKDOWN; METABOLITES; HUMANS; MEN; IDENTIFICATION AB Background. Metabolic profiling may provide insight into biologic mechanisms related to the maintenance of muscle and fat-free mass in functionally limited older adults. The objectives of the study were to characterize the association between thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and the fat-free mass index (FFMI; total lean mass/height(2)) with the serum metabolite profile, to further identify significant metabolites as associated with markers of insulin resistance or inflammation, and to develop a metabolite predictor set representative of muscle CSA and the FFMI in functionally limited older adults. Methods. Multivariable-adjusted linear regression was used on mass spectrometry-based metabolomic data to determine significant associations between serum metabolites with muscle CSA and the FFMI in 73 functionally limited (Short Physical Performance Battery <= 10) older adults (age range: 70-85 years). Significant metabolites were further examined for associations with markers of insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) or inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-a and interleukin-6). Multivariable-adjusted stepwise regression was used to develop a metabolite predictor set representative of muscle CSA and the FFMI. Results. Seven branched chain amino acid-related metabolites were found to be associated with both muscle CSA and the FFMI. Separately, two metabolites were identified as insulin resistance-associated markers of the FFMI, whereas four metabolites were identified as inflammation-associated markers of either muscle CSA or the FFMI. Stepwise models identified combinations of metabolites to explain approximately 68% of the variability inherent in muscle CSA or the FFMI. Conclusions. Collectively, we report multiple branched chain amino acids and novel inflammation-associated tryptophan metabolites as markers of muscle CSA or the FFMI in functionally limited older adults. C1 [Lustgarten, Michael S.; Chale, Angela; Phillips, Edward M.; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Univ, Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Univ, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fielding, RA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM roger.fielding@tufts.edu FU Dairy Research Institute; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; Department of Defense [W911SR06C0001]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014] FX This work was supported by the Dairy Research Institute, the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679), Department of Defense contract #W911SR06C0001, and in part by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014. NR 40 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1079-5006 EI 1758-535X J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 69 IS 6 BP 717 EP 724 DI 10.1093/gerona/glt152 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA AI8BI UT WOS:000337128500012 PM 24085401 ER PT J AU Gobster, PH AF Gobster, Paul H. TI (Text) Mining the LANDscape: Themes and trends over 40 years of Landscape and Urban Planning SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Editorial Material DE Text analysis; VOSviewer; Cluster analysis; Visualization; Research trends; Knowledge paradigms ID EVOLUTION AB In commemoration of the journal's 40th anniversary, the co-editor explores themes and trends covered by Landscape and Urban Planning and its parent journals through a qualitative comparison of co-occurrence term maps generated from the text corpora of its abstracts across the four decadal periods of publication. Cluster maps generated from the VOSviewer program reveal a coalescence of concepts for the last two decades along three knowledge domains: human dimensions, landscape analysis and planning, and urban ecology. Citation impact "heat maps" offer additional clues about emerging and high-impact topics. The editor assesses these findings with respect to the journal's aims and scope and offers some thoughts on future directions for research. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Gobster, PH (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1033 Univ Pl,Suite 360, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM pgobster@gmail.com OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310 NR 19 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 51 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 126 BP 21 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.02.025 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA AI8VH UT WOS:000337204600003 ER PT J AU Gobster, PH AF Gobster, Paul H. TI Re-wilding Europe's traditional agricultural landscapes: Values and the link between science and practice SO LANDSCAPE AND URBAN PLANNING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Gobster, PH (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1033 Univ Pl,Suite 360, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM pgobster@gmail.com OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-2046 EI 1872-6062 J9 LANDSCAPE URBAN PLAN JI Landsc. Urban Plan. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 126 BP 65 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.02.015 PG 1 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography; Urban Studies GA AI8VH UT WOS:000337204600007 ER PT J AU Cook, DE Bayless, AM Wang, K Guo, XL Song, QJ Jiang, JM Bent, AF AF Cook, David E. Bayless, Adam M. Wang, Kai Guo, Xiaoli Song, Qijian Jiang, Jiming Bent, Andrew F. TI Distinct Copy Number, Coding Sequence, and Locus Methylation Patterns Underlie Rhg1-Mediated Soybean Resistance to Soybean Cyst Nematode SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HETERODERA-GLYCINES ICHINOHE; DYNAMIC DNA METHYLATION; FUSION PROTEIN NSF; ALPHA-SNAP; PI 437654; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; PLANT INTRODUCTIONS; GENE DUPLICATIONS; ATPASE ACTIVITY AB Copy number variation of kilobase-scale genomic DNA segments, beyond presence/absence polymorphisms, can be an important driver of adaptive traits. Resistance to Heterodera glycines (Rhg1) is a widely utilized quantitative trait locus that makes the strongest known contribution to resistance against soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, the most damaging pathogen of soybean (Glycine max). Rhg1 was recently discovered to be a complex locus at which resistance-conferring haplotypes carry up to 10 tandem repeat copies of a 31-kb DNA segment, and three disparate genes present on each repeat contribute to SCN resistance. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing, fiber-FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization), and other methods to discover the genetic variation at Rhg1 across 41 diverse soybean accessions. Based on copy number variation, transcript abundance, nucleic acid polymorphisms, and differentially methylated DNA regions, we find that SCN resistance is associated with multicopy Rhg1 haplotypes that form two distinct groups. The tested high-copy-number Rhg1 accessions, including plant introduction (PI) 88788, contain a flexible number of copies (seven to 10) of the 31-kb Rhg1 repeat. The identified low-copy-number Rhg1 group, including PI 548402 (Peking) and PI 437654, contains three copies of the Rhg1 repeat and a newly identified allele of Glyma18g02590 (a predicted alpha-SNAP [alpha-soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein]). There is strong evidence for a shared origin of the two resistance-conferring multicopy Rhg1 groups and subsequent independent evolution. Differentially methylated DNA regions also were identified within Rhg1 that correlate with SCN resistance. These data provide insights into copy number variation of multigene segments, using as the example a disease resistance trait of high economic importance. C1 [Cook, David E.; Bayless, Adam M.; Guo, Xiaoli; Bent, Andrew F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Wang, Kai; Jiang, Jiming] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Song, Qijian] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bent, AF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM afbent@wisc.edu RI Wang, Kai/A-2143-2011; Jiang, Jiming/A-9614-2009; Bent, Andrew/E-5391-2016 OI Wang, Kai/0000-0002-1074-0438; Bent, Andrew/0000-0001-6610-9525 FU United Soybean Board; Wisconsin Soybean Marketing Board; Wisconsin Experiment Station Hatch funds; National Science Foundation [DBI-0922703]; Pioneer Fellowship in Plant Pathology; American Phytopathological Society through a gift from Pioneer Hi-Bred FX This work was supported by the United Soybean Board, the Wisconsin Soybean Marketing Board, and Wisconsin Experiment Station Hatch funds (to A.F.B.); the National Science Foundation (grant no. DBI-0922703 to J.J. and predoctoral fellowship to A.M.B.); the Pioneer Fellowship in Plant Pathology (to D.E.C.); and the American Phytopathological Society through a gift from Pioneer Hi-Bred. NR 96 TC 30 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 57 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 165 IS 2 BP 630 EP 647 DI 10.1104/pp.114.235952 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AI9HC UT WOS:000337242700013 PM 24733883 ER PT J AU Sekhon, RS Hirsch, CN Childs, KL Breitzman, MW Kell, P Duvick, S Spalding, EP Buell, CR de Leon, N Kaeppler, SM AF Sekhon, Rajandeep S. Hirsch, Candice N. Childs, Kevin L. Breitzman, Matthew W. Kell, Paul Duvick, Susan Spalding, Edgar P. Buell, C. Robin de Leon, Natalia Kaeppler, Shawn M. TI Phenotypic and Transcriptional Analysis of Divergently Selected Maize Populations Reveals the Role of Developmental Timing in Seed Size Determination SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KERNEL WATER RELATIONS; GRAIN WEIGHT; RNA-SEQ; DEVELOPING ENDOSPERM; WHEAT ENDOSPERM; ORGAN SIZE; ZEA-MAYS; ARABIDOPSIS; GROWTH; YIELD AB Seed size is a component of grain yield and an important trait in crop domestication. To understand the mechanisms governing seed size in maize (Zea mays), we examined transcriptional and developmental changes during seed development in populations divergently selected for large and small seed size from Krug, a yellow dent maize cultivar. After 30 cycles of selection, seeds of the large seed population (KLS30) have a 4.7-fold greater weight and a 2.6-fold larger size compared with the small seed population (KSS30). Patterns of seed weight accumulation from the time of pollination through 30 d of grain filling showed an earlier onset, slower rate, and earlier termination of grain filling in KSS30 relative to KLS30. This was further supported by transcriptome patterns in seeds from the populations and derived inbreds. Although the onset of key genes was earlier in small seeds, similar maximum transcription levels were observed in large seeds at later stages, suggesting that functionally weaker alleles, rather than transcript abundance, may be the basis of the slow rate of seed filling in KSS30. Gene coexpression networks identified several known genes controlling cellularization and proliferation as well as novel genes that will be useful candidates for biotechnological approaches aimed at altering seed size in maize and other cereals. C1 [Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; Breitzman, Matthew W.; de Leon, Natalia; Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, US DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sekhon, Rajandeep S.; Breitzman, Matthew W.; Kell, Paul; de Leon, Natalia; Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Spalding, Edgar P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hirsch, Candice N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Childs, Kevin L.; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, US DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Childs, Kevin L.; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Duvick, Susan] USDA ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Kaeppler, SM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, US DOE, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM smkaeppl@wisc.edu RI Spalding, Edgar/A-9034-2008; Childs, Kevin/C-9513-2014; OI Spalding, Edgar/0000-0002-6890-4765; Childs, Kevin/0000-0002-3680-062X; Kaeppler, Shawn/0000-0002-5964-1668 FU Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DE-FC02-07ER64494]; National Science Foundation [IOS-1031416] FX This work was supported by the Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (grant no. DE-FC02-07ER64494) and the National Science Foundation (grant no. IOS-1031416). NR 78 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 EI 1532-2548 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 165 IS 2 BP 658 EP 669 DI 10.1104/pp.114.235424 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AI9HC UT WOS:000337242700015 PM 24710068 ER PT J AU Liu, JJ Chan, D Sturrock, R Sniezko, RA AF Liu, Jun-Jun Chan, Danelle Sturrock, Rona Sniezko, Richard A. TI Genetic variation and population differentiation of the endochitinase gene family in Pinus monticola SO PLANT SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Endochitinase; Genetic distance; Nucleotide diversity; Pinus monticola; Single nucleotide polymorphism ID WESTERN WHITE-PINE; SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; CHITINASE GENES; CANDIDATE GENES; FOREST TREES; DOUGLAS-FIR; DIVERSITY; ARABIDOPSIS AB In the present study, we characterized nucleotide variations of the Pinus monticola class IV endochitinase (PmCh4) family. Using primers targeting at conserved amino acid motifs of plant class IV endochitinases, genomic DNA was amplified. Sequence data analysis identified five novel genes in the PmCh4 family with one pseudogene. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the PmCh4 family were surveyed in seven open-pollinated seed lots representing diverse geographical distribution. Variable levels of average pairwise nucleotide diversity (pi = 0.00422-0.02079) and relatively high levels of haplotype diversity (H (d) = 0.85-0.96) were revealed at PmCh4 loci. Based on nucleotide variation, P. monticola populations were clustered into two main groups by phylogenetic analysis based on Nei's genetic distance. The Mantel test revealed no correlation between geographical and genetic distances (r = -0.11, P = 0.59). A further SNP genetic diversity study on more P. monticola populations throughout Western North America may help the design of sampling regimes for tree breeding, genetic conservation and assisted migration under climate change. C1 [Liu, Jun-Jun; Chan, Danelle; Sturrock, Rona] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Sniezko, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, USDA, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. RP Liu, JJ (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. EM juliu@nrcan.gc.ca FU Canadian Forest Service; CFS-Genomics R&D Initiative Fund FX This research was supported in part by the Canadian Forest Service and the CFS-Genomics R&D Initiative Fund awarded to J.-J. Liu. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0378-2697 EI 1615-6110 J9 PLANT SYST EVOL JI Plant Syst. Evol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 300 IS 6 BP 1313 EP 1322 DI 10.1007/s00606-013-0963-y PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA AI7NI UT WOS:000337078100006 ER PT J AU Buma, B Hennon, PE Bidlack, AL Baichtal, JF Ager, TA Streveler, G AF Buma, B. Hennon, P. E. Bidlack, A. L. Baichtal, J. F. Ager, T. A. Streveler, G. TI Correspondence regarding "The problem of conifer species migration lag in the Pacific Northwest region since the last glaciation" by Elias, SA, (2013), Quaternary Science Reviews 77, 55-69 SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS LA English DT Letter ID SOUTHEASTERN ALASKA; ALEXANDER ARCHIPELAGO; PRIMARY SUCCESSION; LODGEPOLE PINE; GLACIER BAY; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION; DYNAMICS; HISTORY; CLIMATE C1 [Buma, B.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Hennon, P. E.] US Forest Serv, Juneau, AK USA. [Bidlack, A. L.] Univ Alaska Southeast, Alaska Coastal Rainforest Ctr, Juneau, AK USA. [Baichtal, J. F.] US Forest Serv, Thorne Bay, AK USA. [Ager, T. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Streveler, G.] Icy Strait Environm Serv, Gustavus, AK USA. RP Buma, B (reprint author), Univ Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM brian.buma@uas.alaska.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-3791 J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV JI Quat. Sci. Rev. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 93 BP 167 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.02.020 PG 3 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA AI8YR UT WOS:000337213400012 ER PT J AU Janisiewicz, WJ Jurick, WM Peter, KA Kurtzman, CP Buyer, JS AF Janisiewicz, Wojciech J. Jurick, Wayne M., II Peter, Kari A. Kurtzman, Cletus P. Buyer, Jeffrey S. TI Yeasts associated with plums and their potential for controlling brown rot after harvest SO YEAST LA English DT Article DE fruit microbiota; resident microbiota; post-harvest biocontrol; biological control; stone fruits; Monilinia fructicola ID POSTHARVEST BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; GREEN MOLD DECAY; STONE FRUIT; RHODOTORULA-GLUTINIS; MONILINIA-FRUCTICOLA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; BIOCONTROL AGENT; BLUE MOLD; DISEASES; BACTERIAL AB Bacterial and yeast antagonists isolated from fruit surfaces have been effective in controlling various post-harvest diseases, and several microbial antagonists have been developed into commercial products. Our knowledge of the fruit microbial community, with the exception of grapes, apples and some citrus fruit, is rudimentary and the potential of the resident yeasts for biocontrol remains largely unknown. We determined the occurrence of yeasts on plum surfaces during fruit development from the pre-hardening stage until harvest for 2 years. A total of 16 species from 13 genera were isolated. Species from three genera, basidiomycetes Rhodotorula (29.5%) and Sporidiobolus (24.7%) and the dimorphic ascomycete genus Aureobasidium (24.7%), constituted 78.7% of all isolations and were recovered throughout fruit development, while Cryptococcus spp. constituted only 6.2% of the total plum isolates. The yeast community in the final sampling was significantly different from the first three samplings, reflecting a rapidly changing fruit habitat during the maturation of fruit. For example, Hanseniaspora, Pichia, Zygosaccharomyces and Wickerhamomyces occurred only on the most mature fruit. Screening of the yeasts for antagonistic activity against Monilinia fructicola, a fungus that causes brown rot, revealed a range of biocontrol activities. Several isolates provided complete control of the decay on plums, challenged with a pathogen suspension of 103 conidia/ml and > 90% of control on fruit inoculated with the pathogen at a concentration 10 times higher. Some of the best antagonists included A. pullulans and R. phylloplana. Populations of both of these antagonists increased rapidly by several orders of magnitude in wounds of plums incubated at 24oC and 4oC. Our results indicate that plum surfaces harbour several yeast species, with excellent potential for use in biological control of brown rot of stone fruits. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA C1 [Janisiewicz, Wojciech J.] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Jurick, Wayne M., II; Peter, Kari A.] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kurtzman, Cletus P.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Buyer, Jeffrey S.] ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Janisiewicz, WJ (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM wojciech.janisiewicz@ars.usda.gov OI Buyer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-2098-0547 NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 52 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0749-503X EI 1097-0061 J9 YEAST JI Yeast PD JUN PY 2014 VL 31 IS 6 BP 207 EP 218 DI 10.1002/yea.3009 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology; Mycology GA AJ3TX UT WOS:000337591600003 PM 24687564 ER PT J AU O'Rourke, JA Bolon, YT Bucciarelli, B Vance, CP AF O'Rourke, Jamie A. Bolon, Yung-Tsi Bucciarelli, Bruna Vance, Carroll P. TI Legume genomics: understanding biology through DNA and RNA sequencing SO ANNALS OF BOTANY LA English DT Review DE Legume genomics; next-generation sequencing; NGS; bioinformatics; Glycine max; soybean; Lupinus albus; white lupin; transcriptome; genome re-sequencing; RNA-seq ID ARABIDOPSIS SEED DEVELOPMENT; SYMBIOTIC NITROGEN-FIXATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCUS; BEAN PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS; LATERAL ROOT INITIATION; MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; PHOSPHATE-STARVATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; PHOSPHORUS STRESS; WIDE ASSOCIATION AB Background The legume family (Leguminosae) consists of approx. 17 000 species. A few of these species, including, but not limited to, Phaseolus vulgaris, Cicer arietinum and Cajanus cajan, are important dietary components, providing protein for approx. 300 million people worldwide. Additional species, including soybean (Glycine max) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa), are important crops utilized mainly in animal feed. In addition, legumes are important contributors to biological nitrogen, forming symbiotic relationships with rhizobia to fix atmospheric N-2 and providing up to 30% of available nitrogen for the next season of crops. The application of high-throughput genomic technologies including genome sequencing projects, genome re-sequencing (DNA-seq) and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) by the legume research community has provided major insights into genome evolution, genomic architecture and domestication. Scope and Conclusions This review presents an overview of the current state of legume genomics and explores the role that next-generation sequencing technologies play in advancing legume genomics. The adoption of next-generation sequencing and implementation of associated bioinformatic tools has allowed researchers to turn each species of interest into their own model organism. To illustrate the power of next-generation sequencing, an in-depth overview of the transcriptomes of both soybean and white lupin (Lupinus albus) is provided. The soybean transcriptome focuses on analysing seed development in two near-isogenic lines, examining the role of transporters, oil biosynthesis and nitrogen utilization. The white lupin transcriptome analysis examines how phosphate deficiency alters gene expression patterns, inducing the formation of cluster roots. Such studies illustrate the power of next-generation sequencing and bioinformatic analyses in elucidating the gene networks underlying biological processes. C1 [O'Rourke, Jamie A.; Bucciarelli, Bruna; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Rourke, Jamie A.; Bolon, Yung-Tsi; Bucciarelli, Bruna; Vance, Carroll P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Vance, CP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA, ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM vance004@umn.edu FU US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [CRIS] [3640-21000-028-00D]; United Soybean Board [1240, 2240] FX The analyses were carried out in part using resources provided by the University of Minnesota Supercomputing Institute. This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [CRIS number 3640-21000-028-00D] and the United Soybean Board [projects 1240 and 2240]. NR 146 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 6 U2 103 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7364 EI 1095-8290 J9 ANN BOT-LONDON JI Ann. Bot. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 113 IS 7 BP 1107 EP 1120 DI 10.1093/aob/mcu072 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AI7AX UT WOS:000337033100002 PM 24769535 ER PT J AU Kettner, NM Katchy, CA Fu, LN AF Kettner, Nicole M. Katchy, Chinenye A. Fu, Loning TI Circadian gene variants in cancer SO ANNALS OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Aging; cancer risk factors; cell cycle; cellular senescence; circadian rhythm; DNA damage response; metabolism; molecular clock; social jet lag; tumor suppression ID SCF-BETA-TRCP; REV-ERB-ALPHA; DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; NON-SYNONYMOUS POLYMORPHISMS; CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; PUTATIVE TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR; CHRONIC MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; HUMAN PANCREATIC-CANCER; BOX PROTEIN BETA-TRCP1 AB Humans as diurnal beings are active during the day and rest at night. This daily oscillation of behavior and physiology is driven by an endogenous circadian clock not environmental cues. In modern societies, changes in lifestyle have led to a frequent disruption of the endogenous circadian homeostasis leading to increased risk of various diseases including cancer. The clock is operated by the feedback loops of circadian genes and controls daily physiology by coupling cell proliferation and metabolism, DNA damage repair, and apoptosis in peripheral tissues with physical activity, energy homeostasis, immune and neuroendocrine functions at the organismal level. Recent studies have revealed that defects in circadian genes due to targeted gene ablation in animal models or single nucleotide polymorphism, deletion, deregulation and/or epigenetic silencing in humans are closely associated with increased risk of cancer. In addition, disruption of circadian rhythm can disrupt the molecular clock in peripheral tissues in the absence of circadian gene mutations. Circadian disruption has recently been recognized as an independent cancer risk factor. Further study of the mechanism of clock-controlled tumor suppression will have a significant impact on human health by improving the efficiencies of cancer prevention and treatment. C1 [Kettner, Nicole M.; Fu, Loning] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Kettner, Nicole M.; Katchy, Chinenye A.; Fu, Loning] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Fu, Loning] Baylor Coll Med, Dan L Duncan Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Fu, LN (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dan L Duncan Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM loningf@bcm.edu FU USDA/ARS [6250-51000-055]; NIH/NCI [R01 CA137019-01A] FX This work is supported by the grants from USDA/ARS (6250-51000-055) and NIH/NCI (R01 CA137019-01A) to L. Fu. NR 305 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 20 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0785-3890 EI 1365-2060 J9 ANN MED JI Ann. Med. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 4 BP 208 EP 220 DI 10.3109/07853890.2014.914808 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AI7AB UT WOS:000337029900003 PM 24901356 ER PT J AU Li, MJ Kim, JK Seo, EY Hong, SM Hwang, EI Moon, JK Domier, LL Hammond, J Youn, YN Lim, HS AF Li, Mei-Jia Kim, Jung-Kyu Seo, Eun-Young Hong, Seok Myeong Hwang, Eui-Il Moon, Jung-Kyung Domier, Leslie L. Hammond, John Youn, Young-Nam Lim, Hyoun-Sub TI Sequence variability in the HC-Pro coding regions of Korean soybean mosaic virus isolates is associated with differences in RNA silencing suppression SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HELPER COMPONENT-PROTEASE; AMINO-ACID SUBSTITUTIONS; TO-CELL MOVEMENT; APHID TRANSMISSION; TRANSIENT EXPRESSION; SEED TRANSMISSION; COAT PROTEIN; POTYVIRUS; MUTATIONS; GENE AB Soybean mosaic virus (SMV), a member of the family Potyviridae, is an important viral pathogen affecting soybean production in Korea. Variations in helper component proteinase (HC-Pro) sequences and the pathogenicity of SMV samples from seven Korean provinces were compared with those of previously characterized SMV isolates from China, Korea and the United States. Phylogenetic analysis separated 16 new Korean SMV isolates into two groups. Fourteen of the new Korean SMV samples belonged to group II and were very similar to U.S. strain SMV G7 and Chinese isolate C14. One isolate in group II, A297-13, differed at three amino acid positions (L54F, N286D, D369N) in the HC-Pro coding sequence from severe isolates and SMV 413, showed very weak silencing suppressor activity, and produced only mild symptoms in soybean. To test the role of each amino acid substitution in RNA silencing and viral RNA accumulation, a series of point mutations was constructed. Substitution of N for D at position 286 in HC-Pro of SMV A297-12 significantly reduced silencing suppression activity. When the mutant HC-Pro of A297-13 was introduced into an infectious clone of SMV 413, accumulation of viral RNA was reduced to less than 3 % of the level of SMV 413 containing HC-Pro of A297-12 at 10 days post-inoculation (dpi) but increased to 40 % of SMV 413(HC-Pro A297-12) at 40 dpi. At 50 dpi RNA accumulation of SMV 413(HC-Pro A297-13) was similar to that of SMV 413(HC-Pro A297-12). However, at 50 dpi, the D at position 286 of HC-Pro in SMV 413(HC-Pro A297-13) was found to have reverted to N. The results showed that 1) a naturally occurring mutation in HC-Pro significantly reduced silencing suppression activity and accumulation of transgene and viral RNAs, and 2) that there was strong selection for revision to wild type when the mutation was introduced into an infectious clone of SMV. C1 [Li, Mei-Jia; Kim, Jung-Kyu; Seo, Eun-Young; Youn, Young-Nam; Lim, Hyoun-Sub] Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Hong, Seok Myeong] GenoRevo Korea Co, Suwon 441853, South Korea. [Hwang, Eui-Il] KT&G R&D Headquarters Tech Ctr, Taejon 305805, South Korea. [Moon, Jung-Kyung] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Suwon 441707, South Korea. [Domier, Leslie L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, ARS, USDA, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Hammond, John] ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, US Natl Arboretum, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Youn, YN (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Dept Appl Biol, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM John.Hammond@ARS.USDA.GOV; youngnam@cnu.ac.kr; hyounlim@cnu.ac.kr FU iPET (Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs [112018-3] FX This research was supported by iPET (Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries), Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (Project No. 112018-3). NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 16 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 159 IS 6 BP 1373 EP 1383 DI 10.1007/s00705-013-1964-4 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA AI6IB UT WOS:000336974900013 PM 24378822 ER PT J AU Lavelle, MJ Fischer, JW Phillips, GE Hildreth, AM Campbell, TA Hewitt, DG Hygnstrom, SE Vercauteren, KC AF Lavelle, Michael J. Fischer, Justin W. Phillips, Gregory E. Hildreth, Aaron M. Campbell, Tyler A. Hewitt, David G. Hygnstrom, Scott E. Vercauteren, Kurt C. TI Assessing Risk of Disease Transmission: Direct Implications for an Indirect Science SO BIOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE camera; contact rate; disease transmission; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; WHITE-TAILED DEER; CONTACT RATES; WILDLIFE; BEHAVIOR; INDIVIDUALS; PROXIMITY; NETWORKS; DENSITY AB By definition, contact denotes the junction of at least two objects. In the context of disease transmission, contact implies interaction with potential to spread disease. Mischaracterization of contacts may result in inaccurate estimates of transmission rates. To collect more-accurate contact data among white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), we built a deer-borne contact detection system (DCDS) consisting of a camera and a proximity logger installed on a GPS (Global Positioning System) collar. We outfitted 26 adult male deer with DCDSs to record GPS locations, proximity of equipped deer to other equipped deer, and video of deer interactions in southern Texas during autumn 2010. From 17 continuously functional DCDSs, we documented 33 contacts with cameras, 61 with proximity loggers, and 16 with GPS, resulting in estimated mean daily contact rates of 0.29, 0.66, and 0.12, respectively. Cameras and GPS underrepresented contacts among deer, whereas proximity loggers provided credible estimates for epidemiological modeling. C1 [Lavelle, Michael J.; Fischer, Justin W.; Phillips, Gregory E.; Campbell, Tyler A.; Vercauteren, Kurt C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hildreth, Aaron M.; Hygnstrom, Scott E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Hewitt, David G.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, Kingsville, TX USA. RP Lavelle, MJ (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM michael.j.lavelle@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center FX We thank Greta Schuster, Liza Soliz, Christine Ellis, Robert Pleszewski, Charles Anderson, Cody Minor, Tara,Ruby, Jack Rhyan, Matthew McCollum, Pauline Nol, Gregory Clements, and the US Department of Agriculture's Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service's (USDA-APHIS) Veterinary Services for assisting with various aspects of the study. We also thank Jeff Beringer, Lonnie Hanson, Remington Moll, Joshua Millspaugh, Joel Sartwell, and Robert Woeck for work leading up to this larger-scale evaluation of deer-borne contact detection systems We thank three anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments that greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank the Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute at Texas A&M University-Kingsville and USDA-APHIS Wildife Services-Texas for logistical support, Smith Helicopters for their efficiency and expertise in deer capture, and the landowner for granting access. We are grateful to the USDA-APHIS Wildlife Services National Wildlife Research Center for financial support. Mention of companies or commercial products does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA, nor does omission imply criticism. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 31 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0006-3568 EI 1525-3244 J9 BIOSCIENCE JI Bioscience PD JUN PY 2014 VL 64 IS 6 BP 524 EP 530 DI 10.1093/biosci/biu055 PG 7 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AI4YC UT WOS:000336871500008 ER PT J AU Russell-Roy, ET Keeton, WS Pontius, JA Kerchner, CD AF Russell-Roy, Emily T. Keeton, William S. Pontius, Jennifer A. Kerchner, Charles D. TI Rehabilitation forestry and carbon market access on high-graded northern hardwood forests SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE restoration; rehabilitation silviculture; forest carbon; carbon markets; high-graded timberlands ID MITIGATING CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; STRUCTURAL COMPLEXITY; STAND STRUCTURE; DIAMETER-LIMIT; NEW-HAMPSHIRE; NEW-ENGLAND; USA; GROWTH; MANAGEMENT AB Decades of heavy-cutting and high-grading in the northeastern United States provide an opportunity for rehabilitation and increased carbon stores, yet few studies have examined the feasibility of using carbon markets to restore high-graded forests. We evaluated the effectiveness of rehabilitation on 391 ha of high-graded forest in Vermont, USA. Thirteen silvicultural scenarios were modeled over 100 years using the Forest Vegetation Simulator. Carbon offsets were quantified with the Climate Action Reserve (CAR) and American Carbon Registry (ACR) protocols and evaluated under voluntary and regulatory carbon price assumptions. Results indicate that management scenarios involving no harvest or low-intensity harvest yield the greatest incentives, yet these scenarios include a range of short-term rehabilitation options that provide flexibility for landowners. The choice of protocol also significantly influences results. Although ACR consistently generated more offsets than CAR for the same scenarios (p < 0.05), the protocols yielded similar net present values of US$121-US$256.ha(-1) under high offset price assumptions. These returns are comparable to those generated from timber harvest alone under more intensive management scenarios. While timber will continue to be a primary source of revenue for many landowners, carbon markets may increasingly appeal as a new incentive for restoring high-graded forests. C1 [Russell-Roy, Emily T.; Keeton, William S.; Pontius, Jennifer A.; Kerchner, Charles D.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Aiken Ctr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Keeton, William S.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Pontius, Jennifer A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Keeton, WS (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Aiken Ctr, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM william.keeton@uvm.edu FU Northeastern States Research Cooperative; Natural Resources Conservation Service FX This research was supported by a grant from the Northeastern States Research Cooperative and a Conservation Innovation Grant from the Natural Resources Conservation Service. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful reviews of the manuscript. The authors would like to thank Laury Saligman, Ben Machin, Mike Scott, Alan Howard, John Gunn, Cecilia Danks, Shelly Rayback, Nick Dove, and the Carbon Dynamics Laboratory at the University of Vermont. NR 61 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 17 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 6 BP 614 EP 627 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0437 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AI7UL UT WOS:000337105600008 ER PT J AU Kelsey, RG Gallego, D Sanchez-Garcia, FJ Pajares, JA AF Kelsey, Rick G. Gallego, D. Sanchez-Garcia, F. J. Pajares, J. A. TI Ethanol accumulation during severe drought may signal tree vulnerability to detection and attack by bark beetles SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article DE water stress; ethanol; Tomicus destruens; Pinus halepensis; host selection ID ROUNDHEADED PINE-BEETLE; TOMICUS-DESTRUENS WOLLASTON; ANNOSUM ROOT DISEASE; PONDEROSA PINE; AMBROSIA BEETLES; DOUGLAS-FIR; BLACK-STAIN; LEPTOGRAPHIUM WAGENERI; VEGETATION MORTALITY; CARBON METABOLISM AB Tree mortality from temperature-driven drought is occurring in forests around the world, often in conjunction with bark beetle outbreaks when carbon allocation to tree defense declines. Physiological metrics for detecting stressed trees with enhanced vulnerability prior to bark beetle attacks remain elusive. Ethanol, water, monoterpene concentrations, and composition were examined in the phloem and sapwood of drought-stressed Aleppo pine (Pinus halepensis Mill.) freshly attacked by mature Mediterranean pine shoot beetles (Tomicus destruens (Wollaston, 1865)) and in neighboring unattacked trees. The attacked trees were more water-stressed and contained, on average, 2.1 and 2.4 times more ethanol in the phloem and sapwood, respectively, than the neighboring attack-free trees. This response is consistent with the known attraction of T. destruens to ethanol. Most monoterpene concentrations in the phloem, but not sapwood, were greater in tissues of attacked trees, whereas compositional differences were minor between the two tree groups for both tissues. Tissue water content explained much of the variation in phloem monoterpene concentrations, which increased as water in the phloem declined, suggesting that higher constitutive quantities existed in the more stressed trees prior to the attacks. Monoterpenes may have contributed to host tree selection by T. destruens, but their potential influence is considered less important than that of ethanol based on beetle responses to these compounds in previous trapping studies. This is the first report of elevated ethanol concentrations in tissues of trees experiencing natural drought stress and suggests that ethanol measurements in severely water-stressed trees may allow early detection of those most vulnerable to bark beetle attack. C1 [Kelsey, Rick G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gallego, D.; Sanchez-Garcia, F. J.] Univ Murcia, Dept Zool & Anthropol Fis, Murcia, Spain. [Gallego, D.] Sanidad Agr Econex SL, Dept Invest Desarrollo Innovac, Murcia, Spain. [Pajares, J. A.] Univ Valladolid, Sustainable Forest Management Res Inst, Palencia, Spain. RP Kelsey, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rkelsey@fs.fed.us RI Sanchez-Garcia, Francisco Javier/M-2407-2014; Pajares, Juan /D-5215-2014 OI Sanchez-Garcia, Francisco Javier/0000-0002-5442-0292; Pajares, Juan /0000-0002-4682-8984 NR 71 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 52 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 6 BP 554 EP 561 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0428 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AI7UL UT WOS:000337105600002 ER PT J AU Heyerdahl, EK Loehman, RA Falk, DA AF Heyerdahl, Emily K. Loehman, Rachel A. Falk, Donald A. TI Mixed-severity fire in lodgepole pine dominated forests: are historical regimes sustainable on Oregon's Pumice Plateau, USA? SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article DE fire behavior modeling; fire history; fire scars; antelope bitterbrush; ponderosa pine ID SOUTH-CENTRAL OREGON; PURSHIA-TRIDENTATA; WILDLAND FIRE; VEGETATION; CLIMATE; WASHINGTON; WILDFIRE AB In parts of central Oregon, coarse-textured pumice substrates limit forest composition to low-density lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon var. latifolia Engelm. ex S. Watson) with scattered ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson) and a shrub understory dominated by antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC.). We reconstructed the historical fire regime from tree rings and simulated fire behavior over 783 ha of this forest type. For centuries (1650-1900), extensive mixed-severity fires occurred every 26 to 82 years, creating a multi-aged forest and shrub mosaic. Simulation modeling suggests that the historical mix of surface and passive crown fire were primarily driven by shrub biomass and wind speed. However, a century of fire exclusion has reduced the potential for the high-severity patches of fire that were common historically, likely by reducing bitterbrush cover, the primary ladder fuel. This reduced shrub cover is likely to persist until fire or insects create new canopy gaps. Crown fire potential may increase even with current fuel loadings if the climate predicted for midcentury lowers fuel moistures, but only under rare extreme winds. This study expands our emerging understanding of complexity in the disturbance dynamics of lodgepole pine across its broad North American range. C1 [Heyerdahl, Emily K.; Loehman, Rachel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Heyerdahl, EK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 US West Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM eheyerdahl@fs.fed.us FU National Fire Plan; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Central Oregon Fire Management Service (Deschutes and Ochoco National Forests, Crooked River National Grassland, and Prineville District Bureau of Land Management); Forest Service Region 6; Nature Conservancy; University of Arizona FX We thank A. Corrow, E. Dooley, B. Izbicki, R. Lindner, J. Mayes, J. P. Riser II, and J. Zalewski for field and laboratory help; K. Arabas, K. Hadley, and K. Pohl for sharing their tree-ring data; G. Babb, L. Miller, P. Powers, J. Reed, G. Riegel, A. Waltz, and C. Zanger for help with site selection, local data, and logistics; L. Holsinger for GIS support; C. McHugh and L. Hollingsworth for assistance with fire behavior modeling; and C. McHugh, A. Eglitis, A. Merschel, G. Riegel, J. Riser II, T. Wooley, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts. We acknowledge the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group for making the regional climate and hydrologic projections for the Pacific Northwest publicly available. Support of this dataset was provided by the United States Forest Service Region 1, United States Fish and Wildlife Service Region 6, and United States Forest Service Region 6. Our research was funded by the National Fire Plan, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Central Oregon Fire Management Service (Deschutes and Ochoco National Forests, Crooked River National Grassland, and Prineville District Bureau of Land Management), Forest Service Region 6, The Nature Conservancy, and The University of Arizona. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 29 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 6 BP 593 EP 603 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2013-0413 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AI7UL UT WOS:000337105600006 ER PT J AU Maia, LA Pessoa, CRD Rodrigues, AF Colegate, S Dantas, AFM Medeiros, RMT Riet-Correa, F AF Maia, Lisanka Angelo de Macedo Pessoa, Clarice Ricardo Rodrigues, Angelica Fernandes Colegate, Steven Medeiros Dantas, Antonio Flavio Trindade Medeiros, Rosane Maria Riet-Correa, Franklin TI Duration of an induced resistance of sheep to acute poisoning by Crotalaria retusa seeds SO CIENCIA RURAL LA English DT Article DE Crotalaria retusa; dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloids; monocrotaline; sheep; resistance to poisoning ID PYRROLIZIDINE ALKALOIDS AB The aim of this study was to determine the duration of the resistance after the end of the ingestion of non-toxic doses of Crotalaria retusa seeds. Ten sheep were divided into 3 groups of 3 animals each and a control group with 1 sheep. To induce resistance, sheep in groups 1, 2 and 3 received 20 daily doses of 2g kg(-1) of C. retusa seeds, followed by 7 daily doses of 4g kg(-1). To determine the duration of resistance the sheep in groups 1, 2 and 3 were challenged orally, 3, 7 and 15 days, respectively, after receiving the last dose of 4g kg(-1), with a single dose of 5g kg(-1). Sheep of groups 1 and 2 did not develop overt signs of poisoning. Two sheep of group 3, challenged 15 days after the end of the resistance induction period, showed signs of acute poisoning and died. These results suggest that the induced resistance of sheep to acute poisoning by C. retusa seeds is of short duration, from 7 to 15 days. C1 [Maia, Lisanka Angelo; de Macedo Pessoa, Clarice Ricardo; Rodrigues, Angelica Fernandes; Medeiros Dantas, Antonio Flavio; Trindade Medeiros, Rosane Maria; Riet-Correa, Franklin] UFCG, Hosp Vet Univ Fed Campia Grande, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. [Colegate, Steven] ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT USA. RP Riet-Correa, F (reprint author), UFCG, Hosp Vet Univ Fed Campia Grande, BR-58700000 Patos de Minas, PB, Brazil. EM franklin.riet@pq.cnpq.br FU National Institute for Science and Technology for the Control of Plant Poisonings, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [573534/2008-0] FX This work was supported by National Institute for Science and Technology for the Control of Plant Poisonings, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), grant 573534/2008-0. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA PI SANTA MARIA PA UNIV FEDERAL SANTA MARIA, SANTA MARIA, RS 97105.9, BRAZIL SN 0103-8478 EI 1678-4596 J9 CIENC RURAL JI Cienc. Rural PD JUN PY 2014 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1054 EP 1059 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI6EP UT WOS:000336964100017 ER PT J AU Long, JA Purdy, PH Zuidberg, K Hiemstra, SJ Velleman, SG Woelders, H AF Long, Julie A. Purdy, Phillip H. Zuidberg, Kees Hiemstra, Sipke-Joost ' Velleman, Sandra G. Woelders, Henri TI Cryopreservation of turkey semen: Effect of breeding line and freezing method on post-thaw sperm quality, fertilization, and hatching SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Turkey; Sperm freezing; ASG; Cryodiluent; DMA ID INCREASED EGG-PRODUCTION; INCREASED BODY-WEIGHT; FROZEN-THAWED SEMEN; LONG-TERM SELECTION; POULTRY SEMEN; CHICKEN SEMEN; GALLUS-DOMESTICUS; FOWL SPERMATOZOA; REPRODUCTION; FERTILITY AB Cryopreservation methods for poultry semen are not reliable for germplasm preservation, especially for turkeys, where fertility rates from frozen/thawed semen are particularly low. The objective was to evaluate cryopreservation methods for effectiveness in promoting cryosurvival and post-thaw function of sperm from five turkey lines: one commercial line and four research (RBC1; E; RBC2; F) lines from Ohio State University (OSU). The model for cryopreservation was set up as a 2 x 2 x 2 x 5 design for cryoprotectant (glycerol or dimethylacetamide (DMA)), cryopreservation medium (Lake or ASG), method of dilution (fixed dilution volume versus fixed sperm concentration) and turkey line, respectively. The final cryoprotectant concentrations were 11% glycerol or 6% DMA. Thawed sperm were evaluated for plasma membrane integrity and quality, motility, acrosome integrity and, after artificial insemination, for egg fertility and hatchability. Commercial turkey hens were used for all fertility trials, regardless of semen source. Turkey sperm frozen with glycerol exhibited higher membrane integrity and membrane quality upon thawing than turkey sperm frozen with DMA although no differences in total motility, and only minimal differences in progressive motility, were detected among the eight cryopreservation treatments. Within line, fertility was affected by cryoprotectant, medium and dilution method, where the overall highest percentages of fertile, viable embryos (Day 7) occurred for the DMA/ASG/fixed sperm concentration method, while high percentages (15.8-31.5%) of fertile, non-viable embryos (Day 1-6) were observed for multiple cryopreservation methods, including two glycerol treatments. From a single insemination, the duration of true and viable fertility in all lines was 10-13 weeks and 9-10 weeks, respectively. The duration of hatchability was 4-6 weeks after insemination for four of the turkey lines. The highest percentage of viable embryos was observed for the commercial line (9.5 +/- 2.4%), followed by the E line (5.3 +/- 1.3%), F line (3.7 +/- 2.0%) and RBC2 line (2.6 +/- 0.8%). For the RBC1 line, there was 100% embryonic death by Day 6 of incubation. Overall, better fertility results were obtained with the cryoprotectant DMA, the ASG diluent and fixed sperm concentration. However, the applicability of this method for preserving semen from research populations may be line dependent. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Long, Julie A.] USDA ARS, BARC, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Purdy, Phillip H.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Natl Anim Germplasm Program, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Zuidberg, Kees; Hiemstra, Sipke-Joost '; Woelders, Henri] Inst Anim Sci & Hlth ID Lelystad, NL-8200 AB Lelystad, Netherlands. [Velleman, Sandra G.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Long, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM julie.long@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0011-2240 EI 1090-2392 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.04.003 PG 8 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA AI5CX UT WOS:000336884100010 PM 24731850 ER PT J AU Lichstein, JW Golaz, NZ Malyshev, S Shevliakova, E Zhang, T Sheffield, J Birdsey, RA Sarmiento, JL Pacala, SW AF Lichstein, Jeremy W. Golaz, Ni-Zhang Malyshev, Sergey Shevliakova, Elena Zhang, Tao Sheffield, Justin Birdsey, Richard A. Sarmiento, Jorge L. Pacala, Stephen W. TI Confronting terrestrial biosphere models with forest inventory data SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE carbon cycle model; data assimilation; errors in explanatory variables; global ecosystem model; land surface model; measurement error models ID ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; EDDY-COVARIANCE MEASUREMENTS; SPACE-TIME CLIMATE; DATA ASSIMILATION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; ECOSYSTEM DYNAMICS; MEASUREMENT ERROR AB Efforts to test and improve terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) using a variety of data sources have become increasingly common. Yet, geographically extensive forest inventories have been under-exploited in previous model data fusion efforts. Inventory observations of forest growth, mortality, and biomass integrate processes across a range of timescales, including slow timescale processes such as species turnover, that are likely to have important effects on ecosystem responses to environmental variation. However, the large number (thousands) of inventory plots precludes detailed measurements at each location, so that uncertainty in climate, soil properties, and other environmental drivers may be large. Errors in driver variables, if ignored, introduce bias into model-data fusion. We estimated errors in climate and soil drivers at U.S. Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plots, and we explored the effects of these errors on model data fusion with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory LM3V dynamic global vegetation model. When driver errors were ignored or assumed small at FIA plots, responses of biomass production in LM3V to precipitation and soil available water capacity appeared steeper than the corresponding responses estimated from FIA data. These differences became nonsignificant if driver errors at FIA plots were assumed to be large. Ignoring driver errors when optimizing LM3V parameter values yielded estimates for fine-root allocation that were larger than biometric estimates, which is consistent with the expected direction of bias. To explore whether complications posed by driver errors could be circumvented by relying on intensive study sites where driver errors are small, we performed a power analysis. To accurately quantify the response of biomass production to spatial variation in mean annual precipitation within the eastern United States would require at least 40 intensive study sites, which is larger than the number of sites typically available for individual biomes in existing plot networks. Driver errors may be accommodated by several existing model data fusion approaches, including hierarchical Bayesian methods and ensemble filtering methods; however, these methods are computationally expensive. We propose a new approach, in which the TBM functional response is fit directly to the driver-error-corrected functional response estimated from data, rather than to the raw observations. C1 [Lichstein, Jeremy W.; Zhang, Tao] Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Golaz, Ni-Zhang; Sarmiento, Jorge L.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Malyshev, Sergey; Shevliakova, Elena; Pacala, Stephen W.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Sheffield, Justin] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Birdsey, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Lichstein, JW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jlichstein@ufl.edu RI Shevliakova, Elena/J-5770-2014; Zhang, Nina/F-3609-2014 FU USDA Forest Service [09-JV-11242306-051, 11-JV-11242306-059]; U.S. DOE [DE-FC02-06ER64157]; Princeton Carbon Mitigation Initiative; BP; Ford; NOAA GFDL FX We thank the USDA Forest Service (09-JV-11242306-051 and 11-JV-11242306-059), the U.S. DOE (DE-FC02-06ER64157), the Princeton Carbon Mitigation Initiative (sponsored by BP and Ford), and the NOAA GFDL for funding. We thank Richard McCullough and Liz LaPoint for facilitating access to FIA plot coordinates. We thank Ensheng Weng, Mark Vanderwel, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on an earlier draft, and P. C. D. Milly for useful conversations about LM3V hydrology. We thank the North American Carbon Program Site-Level Interim Synthesis team and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center for organizing and distributing the meteorological observations used to quantify errors in the PRISM climate data. NR 92 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 43 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 4 BP 699 EP 715 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7XX UT WOS:000337117400008 PM 24988769 ER PT J AU Hughes, RF Asner, GP Mascaro, J Uowolo, A Baldwin, J AF Hughes, R. Flint Asner, Gregory P. Mascaro, Joseph Uowolo, Amanda Baldwin, James TI Carbon storage landscapes of lowland Hawaii: the role of native and invasive species through space and time SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aboveground carbon density; biodiversity; Hawaii; invasive trees and shrubs; lava; LiDAR; lowland wet forest; nonnative forests; Pacific Islands; primary succession; remote sensing ID PRIMARY SUCCESSION; TROPICAL FOREST; RAIN-FOREST; LAVA FLOWS; ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; MAUNA-LOA; SECONDARY FORESTS; PLANT COMMUNITY; AIRBORNE LIDAR AB Tropical forests are important storehouses of carbon and biodiversity. In isolated island ecosystems such as the Hawaiian Islands, relative dominance of native and nonnative tree species may influence patterns of forest carbon stocks and biodiversity. We determined aboveground carbon density (ACD) across a matrix of lava flows differing in age, texture, and vegetation composition (i.e., native or nonnative dominated) in wet lowland forests of Hawaii Island. To do this at the large scales necessary to accurately capture the inherent heterogeneity of these forests, we collected LiDAR data across areas of interest and developed relationships between LiDAR metrics and field-based estimates of forest ACD. This approach enabled us to inventory, rather than merely sample, the entire populations (i.e., forests) of interest. Native Hawaiian wet lowland forests exhibited ACD values similar to those of intact tropical forests elsewhere. In general, ACD of these forests increased with increasing lava flow age, but patterns differed between native and nonnative forest stands. On the youngest lavas, native-dominated forest ACD averaged <60 Mg/ha, compared to similar to 100 Mg C/ha for nonnative-dominated forests. This difference was due to the presence of the nonnative, N-2-fixing trees F. moluccana and C. equisetifolia in the nonnative-dominated forest stands, as well as the corresponding absence of N2-fixing trees in native-dominated forest stands. Following similar to 500 years of primary succession and thereafter, however, both forest types exhibited ACD values averaging similar to 130 Mg C/ha, although it took nonnative forests only 75-80 years of post-establishment succession to reach those values. Given the large areas of early-successional M. polymorpha-dominated forest on young lava flows, further spread of F. moluccana and C. equisetifolia populations would likely increase ACD stocks but would constitute a significant erosion of the invaluable contribution of Hawaii's native ecosystems to global biodiversity. C1 [Hughes, R. Flint; Uowolo, Amanda] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Asner, Gregory P.; Mascaro, Joseph] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Baldwin, James] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Albany, CA 94706 USA. RP Hughes, RF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM fhughes@fs.fed.us RI Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 FU Hawaii State Division of Forestry and Wildlife FX We thank I. Joaquin, M. Joaquin, R. Loo, A. Cortes, Jr., T. Gaoteote, L. Nakagawa, G. Sanchez, M. Long, D. Leopold, J. Jacobson, R. Emerson, T. Kennedy-Bowdoin, M. Jones, and D. Knapp for their valuable assistance with field and airborne data collection and processing. A large portion of this research was made possible with funding by the Hawaii State Division of Forestry and Wildlife. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory (CAO) is made possible by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, W. M. Keck Foundation, the Margaret A. Cargill Foundation, Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker, Jr., and William R. Hearst III. NR 90 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 49 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 4 BP 716 EP 731 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7XX UT WOS:000337117400009 PM 24988770 ER PT J AU Banks, JE Stark, JD Vargas, RI Ackleh, AS AF Banks, John E. Stark, John D. Vargas, Roger I. Ackleh, Azmy S. TI Deconstructing the surrogate species concept: a life history approach to the protection of ecosystem services SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE agroecosystems; beneficial arthropods; biological control; chemical toxicants; ecosystem services; environmental risk assessment; Leslie matrix models; parasitoid wasps; pesticides; population dynamics; sensitivity; surrogate species ID ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; FRUIT-FLY DIPTERA; PARASITOIDS HYMENOPTERA; SELECTIVE PESTICIDES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; FISH POPULATIONS; CHRONIC TOXICITY; DAPHNIA-PULEX; INSECTICIDES; TEPHRITIDAE AB The use of the surrogate species concept is widespread in environmental risk assessment and in efforts to protect species that provide ecosystem services, yet there are no standard protocols for the choice of surrogates. Surrogates are often chosen on the basis of convenience or vague resemblances in physiology or life history to species of concern. Furthermore, our ability to predict how species of concern will fare when subjected to disturbances such as environmental contaminants or toxicants is often based on woefully misleading comparisons of static toxicity tests. Here we present an alternative approach that features a simple mathematical model parameterized with life history data applied to an assemblage of species that provide an important ecosystem service: a suite of parasitoid wasps that provide biological control of agricultural pests. Our results indicate that these parasitoid wasp species have different population responses to toxic insult-that is, we cannot predict how all four species will react to pesticide exposure simply by extrapolating from the response of any one species. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis of survivorship and reproduction demonstrates that the life stage most sensitive to pesticide disturbance varies among species. Taken together, our results suggest that the ability to predict the fate of a suite of species using the response of just one species (the surrogate species concept) is widely variable and potentially misleading. C1 [Banks, John E.] Univ Washington, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA. [Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ecotoxicol Program, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Vargas, Roger I.] ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Ackleh, Azmy S.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Math, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. RP Banks, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA. EM banksj@uw.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1312963] FX The authors thank W. Fagan along with two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. The work of A. S. Ackleh was partially supported by the National Science Foundation under grant #DMS-1312963. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 62 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 4 BP 770 EP 778 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7XX UT WOS:000337117400014 PM 24988775 ER PT J AU Parnell, S Gottwald, TR Riley, T van den Bosch, F AF Parnell, S. Gottwald, T. R. Riley, T. van den Bosch, F. TI A generic risk-based surveying method for invading plant pathogens SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE citrus plantings, Florida, USA; early detection; epidemic; Huanglongbing disease; invasive species; landscape epidemiology; monitoring; pathogen risk; surveillance ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ASH DIEBACK; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; DESIGNING OCCUPANCY; CHALARA-FRAXINEA; GREAT-BRITAIN; MANAGEMENT; EPIDEMIC; ERADICATION; IMPERFECT AB Invasive plant pathogens are increasing with international trade and travel, with damaging environmental and economic consequences. Recent examples include tree diseases such as sudden oak death in the Western United States and ash dieback in Europe. To control an invading pathogen it is crucial that newly infected sites are quickly detected so that measures can be implemented to control the epidemic. However, since sampling resources are often limited, not all locations can be inspected and locations must be prioritized for surveying. Existing approaches to achieve this are often species specific and rely on detailed data collection and parameterization, which is difficult, especially when new arrivals are unanticipated. Consequently regulatory sampling responses are often ad hoc and developed without due consideration of epidemiology, leading to the suboptimal deployment of expensive sampling resources. We introduce a flexible risk-based sampling method that is pathogen generic and enables available information to be utilized to develop epidemiologically informed sampling programs for virtually any biologically relevant plant pathogen. By targeting risk we aim to inform sampling schemes that identify high-impact locations that can be subsequently treated in order to reduce inoculum in the landscape. This "damage limitation" is often the initial management objective following the first discovery of a new invader. Risk at each location is determined by the product of the basic reproductive number (R-0), as a measure of local epidemic size, and the probability of infection. We illustrate how the risk estimates can be used to prioritize a survey by weighting a random sample so that the highest-risk locations have the highest probability of selection. We demonstrate and test the method using a high-quality spatially and temporally resolved data set on Huanglongbing disease (HLB) in Florida, USA. We show that even when available epidemiological information is relatively minimal, the method has strong predictive value and can result in highly effective targeted surveying plans. C1 [Parnell, S.; van den Bosch, F.] Rothamsted Res, Dept Computat & Syst Biol, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. [Gottwald, T. R.] ARS, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Riley, T.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Orlando, FL 32827 USA. RP Parnell, S (reprint author), Rothamsted Res, Dept Computat & Syst Biol, Harpenden AL5 2JQ, Herts, England. EM stephen.parnell@rothamsted.ac.uk RI parnell, stephen/I-7682-2015 OI parnell, stephen/0000-0002-2625-4557 FU U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); U.S. Department of Agriculture Farm Bill; U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA); Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX Rothamsted Research receives support from the U.K. Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC). This work was partly funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Farm Bill and the U.K. Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA). F. van den Bosch received funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 61 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 38 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 4 BP 779 EP 790 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7XX UT WOS:000337117400015 PM 24988776 ER PT J AU Engeman, R Hershberger, T Orzell, S Felix, R Killian, G Woolard, J Cornman, J Romano, D Huddleston, C Zimmerman, P Barre, C Tillman, E Avery, M AF Engeman, Richard Hershberger, Troy Orzell, Steve Felix, Rodney Killian, Gary Woolard, John Cornman, Jon Romano, David Huddleston, Chet Zimmerman, Pat Barre, Chris Tillman, Eric Avery, Michael TI Impacts from control operations on a recreationally hunted feral swine population at a large military installation in Florida SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Animal damage; Conservation; Coyote; Feral hog; Hunter take; Invasive species; Passive track index; Population monitoring; Sus scrofa ID AUJESZKYS-DISEASE VIRUS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; HABITAT; MANAGEMENT; FOREST; PSEUDORABIES; PANTHERS; DAMAGE AB Feral swine were targeted for control at Avon Park Air Force Range in south-central Florida to avert damage to sensitive wetland habitats on the 40,000-ha base. We conducted a 5-year study to assess impacts from control to this population that had been recreationally hunted for many years. Control was initiated in early 2009. The feral swine population was monitored from 2008 to 2012 using a passive tracking index (PTI) during the dry and wet seasons and using recreational hunter take rates from the dry season. All three indices showed substantial feral swine declines after implementing control, with indices leveling for the final two study years. Military missions and recreational hunting seasons impacted temporal and spatial consistency of control application, thereby limiting further impacts of control efforts on the feral swine population. The PTI was also able to monitor coyotes, another invasive species on the base, and detect Florida black bear and Florida panther, species of particular concern. C1 [Engeman, Richard; Killian, Gary] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hershberger, Troy; Orzell, Steve] Avon Pk Air Force Range, Avon Pk Afr, FL 33825 USA. [Felix, Rodney; Tillman, Eric; Avery, Michael] USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Florida Field Stn, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Woolard, John; Cornman, Jon; Romano, David; Huddleston, Chet; Zimmerman, Pat; Barre, Chris] USDA APHIS WS Florida, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. RP Engeman, R (reprint author), USDA APHIS WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM richard.m.engeman@aphis.usda.gov NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 33 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 21 IS 12 BP 7689 EP 7697 DI 10.1007/s11356-014-2727-9 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AI7PN UT WOS:000337086300045 PM 24622991 ER PT J AU Olson, DH Leirness, JB Cunningham, PG Steel, EA AF Olson, Deanna H. Leirness, Jeffery B. Cunningham, Patrick G. Steel, E. Ashley TI Riparian buffers and forest thinning: Effects on headwater vertebrates 10 years after thinning SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Western Oregon; Amphibians; Salamanders; Small streams; Stream banks ID OREGON COAST RANGE; ZERO-ORDER BASINS; WESTERN OREGON; SMALL STREAMS; CHANNEL NETWORKS; TIMBER HARVEST; WASHINGTON; MANAGEMENT; AMPHIBIANS; USA AB We monitored instream vertebrate and stream-bank-dwelling amphibian counts during a stand-scale experiment of the effect of riparian buffer width with upland forest thinning in western Oregon, USA using a before/after/control methodology. We analyzed animal counts along 45 streams at 8 study sites, distributed from the foothills of Mount Hood to Coos Bay, Oregon using data collected pre-treatment and during the first decade post-treatment. We examined the role of four types of stream buffers in explaining the variability in post-treatment animal counts. We built separate linear regression models for stream-bank and instream animals, examining species and species-assemblages of specific interest. Stream-bank models addressed all amphibians, the subset of all terrestrial-breeding amphibians, Plethodon dunni, and Plethodon vehiculum, which were the two most abundant stream-bank species. Instream models were examined for all vertebrates, the subset of all stream-breeding amphibians, Dicamptodon tenebrosus, and Rhyacotriton species. All bank and instream models considered buffer treatment, survey area, stream width, pre-treatment count, and number of days post-treatment as possible explanatory variables. Instream models also considered survey method: hand sampling or electrofishing. Along banks there was support for a negative effect of the two narrowest buffers in the all-species model and the terrestrial-breeding amphibian assemblage model, and for an apparent negative effect of the narrowest buffer in the P. dunni model. Nevertheless, P. dunni were retained as one of the most common species along stream banks throughout the 10-years of our post-treatment monitoring. Instream, complex interactions among covariates in the model precluded determination of consistently positive or negative effects of buffers on animal counts. This is the first study to test the riparian reserve widths of the US federal Northwest Forest Plan, and it is encouraging that we documented no negative effects of those buffers with upland thinning in headwater drainages. Narrower buffers appeared to pose a risk to stream bank animals. Nevertheless, with our moderate thinning regime and in treatments with all buffer widths, species occurrences were retained through time. The joint buffers-with-thinning treatments appear to be relatively benign and may be reconciled by the designed long-term habitat restoration benefits of the thinning-and-buffer prescriptions. Mixed widths of buffers might be considered to hedge uncertainties, and balance the socioeconomic and ecological benefits of thinning in riparian areas with risks to some species. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Olson, Deanna H.; Leirness, Jeffery B.; Cunningham, Patrick G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Steel, E. Ashley] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Olson, DH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dedeolson@fs.fed.us FU US Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management; Pacific Northwest Research Station of the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service FX We thank L Ellenburg for leading the field data collection throughout the entire timespan of our study, K. Ronnenberg for graphics and editorial assistance, and K. Christiansen for spatial analyses. Comments from two anonymous reviewers significantly improved our presentation. We especially thank BLM site coordinators who enabled smooth study implementation at our 8 sites, including C. Thompson, H. Snook, C. Kintop, P. O'Toole, F. Price, R. Schultz, F. Freeman, S. Premdas, and T. Moser. Funding was provided by the US Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management and the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. NR 72 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 321 SI SI BP 81 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.013 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AI6WO UT WOS:000337017900009 ER PT J AU Potter, KM Woodall, CW AF Potter, Kevin M. Woodall, Christopher W. TI Does biodiversity make a difference? Relationships between species richness, evolutionary diversity, and aboveground live tree biomass across US forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Species richness; Phylogenetic diversity; Functional diversity; Productivity; Carbon sequestration; Bioenergy ID STAND-DENSITY INDEX; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; PHYLOGENETIC DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; PLANT DIVERSITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOLOGY; COMPLEMENTARITY; SERVICES AB Biodiversity conveys numerous functional benefits to forested ecosystems, including community stability and resilience. In the context of managing forests for climate change mitigation/adaptation, maximizing and/or maintaining aboveground biomass will require understanding the interactions between tree biodiversity, site productivity, and the stocking of live trees. Species richness may not be the most appropriate tree biodiversity metric in this context as it weights all species as equally important. Measures that account for evolutionary relationships among species should be more biologically meaningful surrogates of functional diversity within forest communities, given that more phylogenetically distinct species should contribute more to the diversity of traits within a community. Using data from approximately 79,000 permanent and standardized forest inventory plots across the United States, we assessed trends in live aboveground tree biomass (LAGB) in relation to metrics of forest tree biodiversity at national and regional scales, controlling for site productivity and live tree stocking. These metrics included four measures of evolutionary diversity associated with distinct components of functional variation. In certain situations and locations across the U.S., evolutionary diversity metrics supply additional information about forest stands beyond that provided by simple species richness counts. This information can potentially include critical insight into tree functional attributes inherently related to evolutionary diversity. Relationships nationally between LAGS and most biodiversity metrics weakened with increasing site productivity and with increasing live tree stocking: The greater the site productivity and tree stocking, the less likely that higher biodiversity was associated with greater LAGB. This is consistent with the expectation that the coexistence of functionally different species increases forest productivity in less productive and more stressful environments, while dominant and highly productive species are able to competitively dominate in more productive habitats. Phylogenetic species clustering (PSC) was increasingly correlated with LAGB as live tree stocking increased on low-productivity sites, suggesting that the co-occurrence of tree species more widely distributed across the phylogenetic tree of life, and therefore likely possessing a wider variety of functional attributes, resulted in greater biomass accumulation on poorer sites. PSC and species richness appear to be the best biodiversity predictors for LAGB on the low-productivity sites likely to be most important for carbon/biomass management. These biodiversity metrics will be important for maximizing biomass/carbon for future carbon sequestration or bioenergy needs and should serve as indicators of forest function in forest resource assessments. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Potter, Kevin M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Potter, KM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, 3041 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kpotter@ncsu.edu; cwoodall@fs.fed.us OI Woodall, Christopher/0000-0001-8076-6214; Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 FU USDA Forest Service [11-JV-11330146-090, 12-JV-11330146-063]; North Carolina State University [11-JV-11330146-090, 12-JV-11330146-063] FX The authors thank the hundreds of Forest Inventory and Analysis field crew members across the United States who collected the forestland inventory information used in this study. They also thank Jim Westfall and Bill Smith for statistics advice, and John Stanovick, Miranda Curzon, David Bell, John Bradford, and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. This research was supported in part through Research Joint Venture Agreements 11-JV-11330146-090 and 12-JV-11330146-063 between the USDA Forest Service and North Carolina State University. NR 76 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 7 U2 97 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 321 SI SI BP 117 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.06.026 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AI6WO UT WOS:000337017900012 ER PT J AU Kumar, Y Kwon, SJ Coyne, CJ Hu, JG Grusak, MA Kisha, TJ McGee, RJ Sarker, A AF Kumar, Yogesh Kwon, Soon Jae Coyne, Clarice J. Hu, Jinguo Grusak, Michael A. Kisha, Theodore J. McGee, Rebecca J. Sarker, Ashutosh TI Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) for assessing genetic diversity and marker-trait associations in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm SO GENETIC RESOURCES AND CROP EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Cicer arietinum; Population structure; Seed minerals; Seed protein ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; DRAFT GENOME SEQUENCE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENUS CICER; CULTIVATED CHICKPEA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; ISOZYME POLYMORPHISM; ISSR MARKERS; RESISTANCE AB The effective utilization of crop diversity held in genebanks depends on our knowledge of useful traits and available markers associated with the target traits. Target region amplification polymorphism (TRAP) was used to evaluate the genetic diversity and underlying relationships among 263 accessions of chickpea landraces maintained by the USDA-ARS Western Regional Plant Introduction Station in Pullman, WA, USA. Two-hundred sixty-two TRAP markers were amplified by eight primer combinations. Altogether, 110 (42 %) markers were polymorphic, the other 152 (58 %) displayed no variation. These polymorphic markers revealed important differences among the accessions, with an estimated, mean pair-wise genetic distance of 25.82 %, ranging from 2.8 to 50.0 %. Genetic distance analysis divided the accessions into two major groups, with 113 and 150 accessions each, and substantial association between molecular diversity and geographic origin was evident. Bayesian analysis of population structure revealed two groups (K = 2) with evidence for six sub-groups. Additionally, the population structure of a subset of 110 lines was determined (K = 3) for testing marker-trait associations (MTAs). Phenotypic traits included the concentrations of protein and nine mineral elements in the seeds. Two MTAs were significant (p < 0.01) for concentrations of Ca and K, and three MTAs were significant for Cu and Ni concentrations. The results indicate that this population is useful for genome-wide association studies on other economic traits given the level of genetic diversity uncovered and the marker-trait associations in seed minerals discovered. C1 [Kumar, Yogesh] Cent Rice Res Inst, Cent Rainfed Upland Res Stn, Hazaribagh 825301, Jharkhand, India. [Kwon, Soon Jae] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Radiat Technol Inst, Jeongeup 580185, Jeonbuk, South Korea. [Coyne, Clarice J.; Hu, Jinguo; Kisha, Theodore J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [McGee, Rebecca J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Sarker, Ashutosh] South Asia Program ICARDA, New Delhi 110012, India. RP Kumar, Y (reprint author), Cent Rice Res Inst, Cent Rainfed Upland Res Stn, POB 48, Hazaribagh 825301, Jharkhand, India. EM dryogeshtiwari70@gmail.com FU National Agriculture Innovative Programme, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi (India); USDA, Agricultural Research Service through a Cool Season Food Legume Germplasm Evaluation Grant FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the National Agriculture Innovative Programme, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi (India) and from the USDA, Agricultural Research Service through a Cool Season Food Legume Germplasm Evaluation Grant to MAG and CJC. Authors express their sincere thanks to the Western Regional Plant Introduction Station, United State Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Washington State University, Pullman 99164, WA (USA) for providing all facilities for the research experiments we conducted and to Birsa Agricultural University, Ranchi, Jharkhand (India). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US Department of Agriculture, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions for revising the manuscript. NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-9864 EI 1573-5109 J9 GENET RESOUR CROP EV JI Genet. Resour. Crop Evol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 61 IS 5 BP 965 EP 977 DI 10.1007/s10722-014-0089-2 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AI6HO UT WOS:000336973100009 ER PT J AU Mavros, Y Kay, S Simpson, KA Baker, MK Wang, Y Zhao, RR Meiklejohn, J Climstein, M O'Sullivan, AJ de Vos, N Baune, BT Blair, SN Simar, D Rooney, K Singh, NA Singh, MAF AF Mavros, Yorgi Kay, Shelley Simpson, Kylie A. Baker, Michael K. Wang, Yi Zhao, Ren R. Meiklejohn, Jacinda Climstein, Mike O'Sullivan, Anthony J. de Vos, Nathan Baune, Bernhard T. Blair, Steven N. Simar, David Rooney, Kieron Singh, Nalin A. Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone TI Reductions in C-reactive protein in older adults with type 2 diabetes are related to improvements in body composition following a randomized controlled trial of resistance training SO JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE LA English DT Review DE PRT; Inflammation; Bodycomposition; Skeletal muscle; Adiposity ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; OBESITY; EXERCISE; MASS AB Background Reductions in skeletal muscle mass and increased adiposity are key elements in the aging process and in the pathophysiology of several chronic diseases. Systemic low grade inflammation associated with obesity has been shown to accelerate the age-related decline in skeletal muscle. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of 12 months of progressive resistance training (PRT) on systemic inflammation, and whether reductions in systemic inflammation were associated with changes in body composition. We hypothesized that reductions in systemic inflammation following 12 months of PRT in older adults with type 2 diabetes would be associated with reductions in adiposity and increases in skeletal muscle mass. Methods Participants (n = 103) were randomized to receive either PRT or sham-exercise, 3 days a week for 12 months. C-reactive protein (CRP) was used to assess systemic inflammation. Skeletal muscle mass and total fat mass were determined using bioelectrical impedance. Result Twelve months of PRT tended to reduce CRP compared to sham exercise (beta = -0.25, p = 0.087). Using linear mixed-effects models, the hypothesized relationships between body composition adaptations and CRP changes were significantly stronger for skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.04) and tended to be stronger for total fat mass (p = 0.07) following PRT when compared to sham-exercise. Using univariate regression models, stratified by group allocation, reductions in CRP were associated with increases in skeletal muscle mass (p = 0.01) and reductions in total fat mass (p = 0.02) in the PRT group, but not in the sham-exercise group (p = 0.87 and p = 0.32, respectively). Conclusion We have shown for the first time that reductions in systemic inflammation in older adults with type 2 diabetes following PRT were associated with increases in skeletal muscle mass. Furthermore, reductions in CRP were associated with reductions in adiposity, but only when associated with PRT. Lifestyle interventions aimed at reducing systemic inflammation in older adults with type 2 diabetes should therefore incorporate anabolic exercise such as PRT to optimize the anti-inflammatory benefits of favorable body composition adaptations. C1 [Mavros, Yorgi; Kay, Shelley; Simpson, Kylie A.; Baker, Michael K.; Wang, Yi; Zhao, Ren R.; Meiklejohn, Jacinda; de Vos, Nathan; Rooney, Kieron; Singh, Nalin A.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Fac Hlth Sci, Exercise Hlth & Performance Fac, Res Grp, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Baker, Michael K.] Australian Catholic Univ, Sch Exercise Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Baker, Michael K.; Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Wang, Yi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Wang, Yi] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Diabet, San Francisco, CA USA. [Climstein, Mike] Bond Univ, Fac Hlth Sci & Med, Gold Coast, Australia. [O'Sullivan, Anthony J.] Univ New S Wales, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [de Vos, Nathan; Singh, Nalin A.] Balmain Hosp, Ctr STRONG Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Baune, Bernhard T.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Med, Fac Hlth Sci, Discipline Psychiat, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Simar, David] Univ New S Wales, Sch Med Sci, Fac Med, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA USA. [Singh, Maria A. Fiatarone] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Mavros, Y (reprint author), 75 East St, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. EM yorgi.mavros@sydney.edu.au OI Baker, Michael/0000-0002-0551-4209; Mavros, Yorgi/0000-0002-2588-0425; Simar, David/0000-0002-3862-1932 FU National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [512381]; Australian Diabetes Society and Diabetes Australia; Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship; University of Sydney International Postgraduate Research Scholarship FX We would like to thank Freshwater Health and Fitness for the use of their gym facilities, Keiser Sports Health, Ltd. for donations of resistance training equipment, and participants for their generosity of time and spirit. The Graded Resistance Exercise and Type 2 Diabetes in Older adults (GREAT2DO) study was funded by project grant # 512381 from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC), and grants from The Australian Diabetes Society and Diabetes Australia. Y. Mavros was supported by the Australian Postgraduate Award Scholarship. Y. Wang was supported by University of Sydney International Postgraduate Research Scholarship. The authors of this manuscript certify that they comply with the ethical guidelines for authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Muscle 2010; 1:7-8 (von Haehling S, Morley JE, Coats AJ, and Anker SD). NR 35 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2190-5991 EI 2190-6009 J9 J CACHEXIA SARCOPENI JI J. Caxhexia Sarcopenia Muscle PD JUN PY 2014 VL 5 IS 2 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1007/s13539-014-0134-1 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AI7QE UT WOS:000337088900005 PM 24687180 ER PT J AU Yang, BW Cui, Y Shi, C Wang, JQ Xia, XD Xi, ML Wang, X Meng, JH Alali, WQ Walls, I Doyle, MP AF Yang, Baowei Cui, Yue Shi, Chao Wang, Jiaqi Xia, Xiaodong Xi, Meili Wang, Xin Meng, Jianghong Alali, Walid Q. Walls, Isabel Doyle, Michael P. TI Counts, Serotypes, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella Isolates on Retail Raw Poultry in the People's Republic of China SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.; CHICKEN CARCASSES; ORGANIC CHICKENS; PREVALENCE; SEROVARS; ENTERITIDIS; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAK AB The objective of this study was to determine Salmonella counts, serotypes, and antimicrobial resistance profiles in retail raw chicken meat in the People's Republic of China. Salmonella counts were determined according to the most-probable-number (MPN) method for 300 whole chicken carcasses. These samples were collected from large, small, and wet (open) markets in Guangdong, Shaanxi, and Sichuan provinces. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Of the 300 chicken carcasses, 43.3% were positive for Salmonella, with an overall mean of 1.7 log MPN per carcass (95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 1.8 log MPN per carcass). No significant differences (P > 0.05) were detected for storage temperature (i.e., chilled, frozen, or ambient), market type (large, small, or wet), province, or location (capital or noncapital city). Seventy-eight serotypes were identified among the 1,094 Salmonella isolates. The top five most common Salmonella serotypes on raw chicken carcasses were Enteritidis (19.2%), Indiana (15.2%), Typhimurium (14.6%), Agona (7.1%), and Thompson (6.6%). Salmonella isolates (n = 779) were most frequently resistant to sulfisoxazole (74.1%) and tetracycline (71.1%) and least resistant to ceftriaxone (22.5%) and cefoxitin (19%). Only 4% of the isolates were susceptible to all 15 antimicrobial agents, 45% were resistant to 1 to 5 agents, 29% were resistant to 6 to 10 agents, and 22% were resistant to 11 to 15 agents. Our findings revealed that Salmonella contamination was common in retail raw poultry in China, and the counts on contaminated carcasses were mostly low. Salmonella isolates were diverse in their serotype distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, with mote than half of the isolates resistant to more than five antimicrobial agents. These data may be used in risk assessment models to reduce the transmission of Salmonella via chicken meat to humans in China. C1 [Yang, Baowei; Cui, Yue; Shi, Chao; Wang, Jiaqi; Xia, Xiaodong; Xi, Meili; Wang, Xin; Meng, Jianghong] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Food Sci, Yangling 712100, Peoples R China. [Cui, Yue; Alali, Walid Q.; Doyle, Michael P.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Meng, Jianghong] Univ Maryland, Joint Inst Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meng, Jianghong] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Walls, Isabel] USDA, Natl Inst Food & Agr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Alali, WQ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM walali@uga.edu OI Walls, Isabel/0000-0002-9643-8845 FU project "Enumeration and Characterization of Salmonella from Retail Raw Chicken in China" of the University of Georgia; Northwest AF University; World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network FX This research was supported by the project "Enumeration and Characterization of Salmonella from Retail Raw Chicken in China" of the University of Georgia and Northwest A&F University in collaboration with the World Health Organization Global Foodborne Infections Network. We are grateful to Dr. Ming Liao (South China Agricultural University) and Dr. Xiaonong Yang (Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu, Sichuan, Peoples's Republic of China) for sample collection and laboratory work. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 26 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 77 IS 6 BP 894 EP 902 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-439 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AI4YA UT WOS:000336871300004 PM 24853510 ER PT J AU Porto-Fett, ACS Campano, SG Shoyer, BA Wadsworth, S Luchansky, JB AF Porto-Fett, Anna C. S. Campano, Stephen G. Shoyer, Bradley A. Wadsworth, Sarah Luchansky, John B. TI Viability of Listeria monocytogenes on Uncured Turkey Breast Commercially Prepared with and without Buffered Vinegar during Extended Storage at 4 and 10 degrees C SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ACIDIFIED SODIUM-CHLORITE; PERFRINGENS SPORE GERMINATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; VACUUM-SEALED PACKAGES; LAURIC ARGINATE; POTASSIUM LACTATE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; ORGANIC-ACIDS; PORK BOLOGNA; LEMON JUICE AB We determined the viability of Listeria monocyto genes on uncured turkey breast containing buffered vinegar (BV) and surface treated with a stabilized solution of sodium chlorite in vinegar (VSC). Commercially produced, uncured, deli-style turkey breast was formulated with BY (0.0, 2.0, 2.5, or 3.0%), sliced (ca. 100 g and ca. 1.25 cm thick), and subsequently surface inoculated (ca. 4.3 log CPU per slice) in each of two trials with a five-strain cocktail of L. monocytogenes. Next, 1 ml per side of a 2 or 10% solution of VSC was added to each package before vacuum sealing and storing at 4 or 10 degrees C. Without antimicrobials, L. monocyto genes numbers increased by ca. 6.2 log CFU per slice after 90 and 48 days of storage at 4 or 10 degrees C, respectively. At 4 degrees C, L. monocytogenes numbers increased by ca. 0.4 to 1.9 log CPU per slice on turkey breast formulated with 2.0 or 2.5% BV and treated or not with 2% VSC, whereas when treated with 10% VSC, L. monocyto genes levels remained relatively unchanged over 90 days. However, when turkey breast was formulated with 3.0% BY and treated or not with VSC, pathogen numbers decreased by ca. 0.7 to 1.3 log CPU per slice. At 10 degrees C, L. monocytogenes numbers increased by ca. 1.5 to 5.6 log CFU per slice after 48 days when formulated with 2.0 to 3.0% BY and treated or not with 2% VSC. When formulated with 2.0% BV and treated with 10% VSC, L. monocytogenes numbers increased by ca. 3.3 log CPU per slice, whereas when formulated with 2.5 or 3.0% BY and treated with 10% VSC, L. monocytogenes decreased by ca. 0.3 log CPU per slice. Inclusion of BY as an ingredient in uncured turkey breast, alone or in combination with VSC added to the package, appreciably suppressed outgrowth of L. monocyto genes during an extended refrigerated shelf life. C1 [Porto-Fett, Anna C. S.; Shoyer, Bradley A.; Luchansky, John B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndrnoor, PA 19038 USA. [Campano, Stephen G.] Hawkins Inc, Roseville, MN 55113 USA. [Wadsworth, Sarah] Food Safety Connect, Blacksville, WV 26521 USA. RP Porto-Fett, ACS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndrnoor, PA 19038 USA. EM anna.portofett@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Hawkins Inc., Roseville, MN FX We thank Nelly Osario, Laura Shane, Valentina Klein, Deena Ghazzi, Andrea Adams, and John Phillips of the Center of Excellence in Process Validation at the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Eastern Regional Research Center (Wyndmoor, PA) for their assistance and technical expertise. This work was supported, in part, by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Hawkins Inc., Roseville, MN. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 14 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 77 IS 6 BP 987 EP 992 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-415 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AI4YA UT WOS:000336871300017 PM 24853523 ER PT J AU Otkin, JA Anderson, MC Hain, C Svoboda, M AF Otkin, Jason A. Anderson, Martha C. Hain, Christopher Svoboda, Mark TI Examining the Relationship between Drought Development and Rapid Changes in the Evaporative Stress Index SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; CROP-YIELD; VEGETATION; FLUXES; MODEL; IMPACTS; MONITOR; HEAT AB In this study, the ability of a new drought metric based on thermal infrared remote sensing imagery to provide early warning of an elevated risk for drought intensification is assessed. This new metric, called the rapid change index (RCI), is designed to highlight areas undergoing rapid changes in moisture stress as inferred from weekly changes in the evaporative stress index (ESI) generated using the Atmosphere Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) surface energy balance model. Two case study analyses across the central United States revealed that the initial appearance of negative RCI values indicative of rapid increases in moisture stress preceded the introduction of severe-to-exceptional drought in the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) by more than 4 weeks. Using data from 2000 to 2012, the probability of USDM intensification of at least one, two, or three categories over different time periods was computed as a function of the RCI magnitude. Compared to baseline probabilities, the RCI-derived probabilities often indicate a much higher risk for drought development that increases greatly as the RCI becomes more negative. When the RCI is strongly negative, many areas are characterized by intensification probabilities that are several times higher than the baseline climatology. The highest probabilities encompass much of the central and eastern United States, with the greatest increase over climatology within regions most susceptible to rapid drought development. These results show that the RCI provides useful drought early warning capabilities that could be used to alert stakeholders of an increased risk for drought development over subseasonal time scales. C1 [Otkin, Jason A.] Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Anderson, Martha C.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Hain, Christopher] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Svoboda, Mark] Univ Nebraska, Natl Drought Mitigat Ctr, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Otkin, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Cooperat Inst Meteorol Satellite Studies, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jason.otkin@ssec.wisc.edu RI Otkin, Jason/D-1737-2012; Anderson, Martha/C-1720-2015; Hain, Christopher/G-3512-2012 OI Otkin, Jason/0000-0003-4034-7845; Anderson, Martha/0000-0003-0748-5525; Hain, Christopher/0000-0002-0093-6816 FU NOAA Climate Program Office [GC09-236] FX This work was supported by funds provided by the NOAA Climate Program Office under Grant GC09-236. Special thanks are given to Brad Pierce (NOAA/ASPB) and Sharon Nebuda (CIMSS/University of Wisconsin-Madison) for their IDL programming assistance. NR 49 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 BP 938 EP 956 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0110.1 PG 19 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AI6BE UT WOS:000336954000003 ER PT J AU Han, E Crow, WT Holmes, T Bolten, J AF Han, Eunjin Crow, Wade T. Holmes, Thomas Bolten, John TI Benchmarking a Soil Moisture Data Assimilation System for Agricultural Drought Monitoring SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAND-SURFACE MODELS; VEGETATION OPTICAL DEPTH; POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; ENSEMBLE KALMAN FILTER; HYDROLOGIC-MODELS; AMSR-E; RETRIEVAL; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; OPTIMIZATION AB Despite considerable interest in the application of land surface data assimilation systems (LDASs) for agricultural drought applications, relatively little is known about the large-scale performance of such systems and, thus, the optimal methodological approach for implementing them. To address this need, this paper evaluates an LDAS for agricultural drought monitoring by benchmarking individual components of the system (i.e., a satellite soil moisture retrieval algorithm, a soil water balance model, and a sequential data assimilation filter) against a series of linear models that perform the same function (i.e., have the same basic input/output structure) as the full system component. Benchmarking is based on the calculation of the lagged rank cross correlation between the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and soil moisture estimates acquired for various components of the system. Lagged soil moisture/NDVI correlations obtained using individual LDAS components versus their linear analogs reveal the degree to which nonlinearities and/or complexities contained within each component actually contribute to the performance of the LDAS system as a whole. Here, a particular system based on surface soil moisture retrievals from the Land Parameter Retrieval Model (LPRM), a two-layer Palmer soil water balance model, and an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is benchmarked. Results suggest significant room for improvement in each component of the system. C1 [Han, Eunjin] ARS, SSAI, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Crow, Wade T.; Holmes, Thomas] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bolten, John] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. RP Han, E (reprint author), ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave,BARC West,Bldg 007,Rm 104, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM eunjin.han@ars.usda.gov RI Han, Eunjin /G-4121-2013; Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010 OI Han, Eunjin /0000-0001-6208-7410; Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079 FU Water Resources Group within the NASA Applied Sciences Program FX Research was funded by a grant to Wade T. Crow (PI) from the Water Resources Group within the NASA Applied Sciences Program. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 31 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 BP 1117 EP 1134 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0125.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AI6BE UT WOS:000336954000013 ER PT J AU Yilmaz, MT Crow, WT AF Yilmaz, M. Tugrul Crow, Wade T. TI Evaluation of Assumptions in Soil Moisture Triple Collocation Analysis SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LAND DATA ASSIMILATION; ERROR CHARACTERIZATION; VALIDATION; STABILITY; SCALE AB Triple collocation analysis (TCA) enables estimation of error variances for three or more products that retrieve or estimate the same geophysical variable using mutually independent methods. Several statistical assumptions regarding the statistical nature of errors (e.g., mutual independence and orthogonality with respect to the truth) are required for TCA estimates to be unbiased. Even though soil moisture studies commonly acknowledge that these assumptions are required for an unbiased TCA, no study has specifically investigated the degree to which errors in existing soil moisture datasets conform to these assumptions. Here these assumptions are evaluated both analytically and numerically over four extensively instrumented watershed sites using soil moisture products derived from active microwave remote sensing, passive microwave remote sensing, and a land surface model. Results demonstrate that nonorthogonal and error cross-covariance terms represent a significant fraction of the total variance of these products. However, the overall impact of error cross correlation on TCA is found to be significantly larger than the impact of nonorthogonal errors. Because of the impact of cross-correlated errors, TCA error estimates generally underestimate the true random error of soil moisture products. C1 [Yilmaz, M. Tugrul] Middle E Tech Univ, Civil Engn Dept, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. [Crow, Wade T.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yilmaz, MT (reprint author), Middle E Tech Univ, Civil Engn Dept, K1 Bldg, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. EM tuyilmaz@metu.edu.tr FU Wade Crow's membership in the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Science Definition Team; Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK) [2232] FX We thank Michael Cosh of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for the USDA ARS watershed soil moisture datasets, Robert Parinussa of Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam for LPRM datasets, Wouter Dorigo of Technische Universitat Wien for ASCAT datasets, and NASA Goddard Earth Sciences (GES) Data and Information Services Center (DISC) for Noah datasets. Research was funded by Wade Crow's membership in the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Science Definition Team. M. Tugrul Yilmaz's work is partially supported by Fund 2232 given by Turkish Scientific and Technical Research Council (TUBITAK). NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 3 BP 1293 EP 1302 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0158.1 PG 10 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AI6BE UT WOS:000336954000023 ER PT J AU Lima, MRM Diaz, SO Lamego, I Grusak, MA Vasconcelos, MW Gil, AM AF Lima, Marta R. M. Diaz, Silvia O. Lamego, Ines Grusak, Michael A. Vasconcelos, Marta W. Gil, Ana M. TI Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Metabolomics of Iron Deficiency in Soybean Leaves SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chlorosis; Fe deficiency; Glycine max (soybean); nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); high-resolution magic-angle spinning (HRMAS); metabolomics; multivariate analysis ID FIELD-GROWN PEAR; GLYCINE BETAINE; SECONDARY METABOLITES; CHLOROPHYLL METER; NMR METABOLOMICS; ACID-METABOLISM; FE-DEFICIENCY; XYLEM SAP; PLANTS; ARABIDOPSIS AB Iron (Fe) deficiency is an important agricultural concern that leads to lower yields and crop quality. A better understanding Of the condition at the metabolome level could contribute to the design of strategies to ameliorate Fe-deficiency problems. Fe-sufficient and Fe-deficient soybean leaf extracts and whole leaves were analyzed by liquid H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and high-resolution magic-angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, respectively. Overall, 30 compounds were measurable and identifiable (comprising amino and organic acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, alcohols, polyphenols, and others), along with 22 additional spin systems (still unassigned). Thus, metabolite differences between treatment conditions could be evaluated for different compound families simultaneously. Statistically relevant metabolite changes upon Fe deficiency included higher levels of alanine, asparagine/aspartate, threonine, valine, GABA, acetate, choline, ethanolamine, hypoxanthine, trigonelline, and polyphenols and lower levels of citrate, malate, ethanol, methanol, chlorogenate, and 3-methyl-2-oxovalerate. The data indicate that the main metabolic impacts of Fe deficiency in soybean include enhanced tricarboxylic acid cycle activity, enhanced activation of oxidative stress protection mechanisms and enhanced amino acid accumulation. Metabolites showing accumulation differences in Fe-starved but visually asymptomatic leaves could serve as biomarkers for early detection of Fe-deficiency stress. C1 [Lima, Marta R. M.; Vasconcelos, Marta W.] Univ Catolica Portuguesa Porto, Escola Super Biotecnol, CBQF, Lab Associado, P-4200072 Oporto, Portugal. [Lima, Marta R. M.; Grusak, Michael A.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Diaz, Silvia O.; Lamego, Ines; Gil, Ana M.] Univ Aveiro, Dept Quim, CICECO, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal. RP Vasconcelos, MW (reprint author), Univ Catolica Portuguesa Porto, Escola Super Biotecnol, CBQF, Lab Associado, Rua Dr Antonio Bernardino Almeida, P-4200072 Oporto, Portugal. EM mvasconcelos@porto.ucp.pt; agil@ua.pt RI Gil, Ana/B-5440-2013; OI Gil, Ana/0000-0003-3766-4364; Lima, Marta/0000-0002-1308-3541; Lamego, Ines/0000-0002-6079-1698 FU Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [CICECO - FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-037271, Refa. FCT PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2013, PTDC/AGR-GPL/102861/2008, PTDC/AGR-GPL/118772/2010, SFRH/BPD/69539/2010, SFRH/BD/64159/2009, SFRH/BD/63916/2009]; European Regional Development Fund through the Competitive Factors Thematic Operational Programme; USDA Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-0-008]; FCT FX The Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) (CICECO - FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-037271) (Refa. FCT PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2013, PTDC/AGR-GPL/102861/2008, PTDC/AGR-GPL/118772/2010, SFRH/BPD/69539/2010, SFRH/BD/64159/2009, and SFRH/BD/63916/2009), the European Regional Development Fund through the Competitive Factors Thematic Operational Programme, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service (cooperative agreement no. 58-6250-0-008) are acknowledged for funding. A.M.G. thanks the Portuguese National NMR Network (RNRMN), which is supported with FCT funds, M. Spraul, Bruker BioSpin, Germany (for providing access to spectral databases), and G. Graca (for assistance with statistical analysis). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, nor does the mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 39 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 EI 1535-3907 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 13 IS 6 BP 3075 EP 3087 DI 10.1021/pr500279f PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AI7MG UT WOS:000337074500032 PM 24738838 ER PT J AU Haven, J Rihane, C Britten, P Johnson-Bailey, D Lino, M Rahavi, E Ciampo, M AF Haven, Jackie Rihane, Colette Britten, Patricia Johnson-Bailey, Donna Lino, Mark Rahavi, Elizabeth Ciampo, Melissa TI Healthy Eating on a Budget at ChooseMyPlate.gov SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Haven, Jackie; Rihane, Colette; Britten, Patricia; Johnson-Bailey, Donna; Lino, Mark; Rahavi, Elizabeth] USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. [Ciampo, Melissa] Panum Grp, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Haven, J (reprint author), USDA, Ctr Nutr Policy & Promot, Alexandria, VA 22302 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 114 IS 6 BP 834 EP 837 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2014.04.009 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AI7LD UT WOS:000337071200002 PM 24857674 ER PT J AU Zelinka, S AF Zelinka, Sam TI I AM NACE SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Zelinka, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ASSOC CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 USA SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 53 IS 6 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA AI5WO UT WOS:000336940400022 ER PT J AU Butte, NF Wong, WW Lee, JS Adolph, AL Puyau, MR Zakeri, IF AF Butte, Nancy F. Wong, William W. Lee, Jong Soo Adolph, Anne L. Puyau, Maurice R. Zakeri, Issa F. TI Prediction of Energy Expenditure and Physical Activity in Preschoolers SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE ACCELEROMETER; HEART RATE; ACTIHEART; ACTIGRAPH; CALORIMETRY ID ACTIVITY RATING-SCALE; DOUBLY-LABELED WATER; ADAPTIVE REGRESSION SPLINES; ACTIVITY MONITOR; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ACCELEROMETER; CALIBRATION; VALIDATION; HUMANS; CARS AB Purpose: Accurate, nonintrusive, and feasible methods are needed to predict energy expenditure (EE) and physical activity (PA) levels in preschoolers. Herein, we validated cross-sectional time series (CSTS) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) models based on accelerometry and heart rate (HR) for the prediction of EE using room calorimetry and doubly labeled water (DLW) and established accelerometry cut points for PA levels. Methods: Fifty preschoolers, mean +/- SD age of 4.5 +/- 0.8 yr, participated in room calorimetry for minute-by-minute measurements of EE, accelerometer counts (AC) (Actiheart and ActiGraph GT3X+), and HR (Actiheart). Free-living 105 children, ages 4.6 +/- 0.9 yr, completed the 7-d DLW procedure while wearing the devices. AC cut points for PA levels were established using smoothing splines and receiver operating characteristic curves. Results: On the basis of calorimetry, mean percent errors for EE were -2.9% +/- 10.8% and -1.1% +/- 7.4% for CSTS models and -1.9% +/- 9.6% and 1.3% +/- 8.1% for MARS models using the Actiheart and ActiGraph+HR devices, respectively. On the basis of DLW, mean percent errors were -0.5% +/- 9.7% and 4.1% +/- 8.5% for CSTS models and 3.2% +/- 10.1% and 7.5% +/- 10.0% for MARS models using the Actiheart and ActiGraph+HR devices, respectively. Applying activity EE thresholds, final accelerometer cut points were determined: 41, 449, and 1297 cpm for Actiheart x-axis; 820, 3908, and 6112 cpm for ActiGraph vector magnitude; and 240, 2120, and 4450 cpm for ActiGraph x-axis for sedentary/light, light/moderate, and moderate/vigorous PA (MVPA), respectively. On the basis of confusion matrices, correctly classified rates were 81%-83% for sedentary PA, 58%-64% for light PA, and 62%-73% for MVPA. Conclusions: The lack of bias and acceptable limits of agreement affirms the validity of the CSTS and MARS models for the prediction of EE in preschool-aged children. Accelerometer cut points are satisfactory for the classification of sedentary, light, and moderate/vigorous levels of PA in preschoolers. C1 [Butte, Nancy F.; Wong, William W.; Adolph, Anne L.; Puyau, Maurice R.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA, ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lee, Jong Soo] Univ Delaware, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Newark, DE USA. [Zakeri, Issa F.] Drexel Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Butte, NF (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM nbutte@bcm.edu FU USDA/ARS [58-6250-0-008]; National Institutes of Health [R01 DK085163] FX This project has been funded with federal funds from the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-6250-0-008 and National Institutes of Health grant number (R01 DK085163). The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM), nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US Government or ACSM. NR 42 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 6 BP 1216 EP 1226 DI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000209 PG 11 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA AI6FF UT WOS:000336966200018 PM 24195866 ER PT J AU Li, FG Fan, GY Wang, KB Sun, FM Yuan, YL Song, GL Li, Q Ma, ZY Lu, CR Zou, CS Chen, WB Liang, XM Shang, HH Liu, WQ Shi, CC Xiao, GH Gou, CY Ye, WW Xu, X Zhang, XY Wei, HL Li, ZF Zhang, GY Wang, JY Liu, K Kohel, RJ Percy, RG Yu, JZ Zhu, YX Wang, J Yu, SX AF Li, Fuguang Fan, Guangyi Wang, Kunbo Sun, Fengming Yuan, Youlu Song, Guoli Li, Qin Ma, Zhiying Lu, Cairui Zou, Changsong Chen, Wenbin Liang, Xinming Shang, Haihong Liu, Weiqing Shi, Chengcheng Xiao, Guanghui Gou, Caiyun Ye, Wuwei Xu, Xun Zhang, Xueyan Wei, Hengling Li, Zhifang Zhang, Guiyin Wang, Junyi Liu, Kun Kohel, Russell J. Percy, Richard G. Yu, John Z. Zhu, Yu-Xian Wang, Jun Yu, Shuxun TI Genome sequence of the cultivated cotton Gossypium arboreum SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID CELL ELONGATION; DRAFT GENOME; EVOLUTION; ARABIDOPSIS; FIBER; BIOSYNTHESIS; DYNAMICS; ETHYLENE; SORGHUM; GENUS AB The complex allotetraploid nature of the cotton genome (AADD; 2n = 52) makes genetic, genomic and functional analyses extremely challenging. Here we sequenced and assembled the Gossypium arboreum (AA; 2n = 26) genome, a putative contributor of the A subgenome. A total of 193.6 Gb of clean sequence covering the genome by 112.6-fold was obtained by paired-end sequencing. We further anchored and oriented 90.4% of the assembly on 13 pseudochromosomes and found that 68.5% of the genome is occupied by repetitive DNA sequences. We predicted 41,330 protein-coding genes in G. arboreum. Two whole-genome duplications were shared by G. arboreum and Gossypium raimondii before speciation. Insertions of long terminal repeats in the past 5 million years are responsible for the twofold difference in the sizes of these genomes. Comparative transcriptome studies showed the key role of the nucleotide binding site (NBS)-encoding gene family in resistance to Verticillium dahliae and the involvement of ethylene in the development of cotton fiber cells. C1 [Li, Fuguang; Wang, Kunbo; Yuan, Youlu; Song, Guoli; Lu, Cairui; Zou, Changsong; Shang, Haihong; Ye, Wuwei; Zhang, Xueyan; Wei, Hengling; Li, Zhifang; Liu, Kun; Yu, Shuxun] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Cotton Res, State Key Lab Cotton Biol, Anyang, Peoples R China. [Fan, Guangyi; Sun, Fengming; Chen, Wenbin; Liang, Xinming; Liu, Weiqing; Shi, Chengcheng; Gou, Caiyun; Xu, Xun; Wang, Junyi; Wang, Jun] BGI Shenzhen, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Li, Qin; Xiao, Guanghui; Zhu, Yu-Xian] Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Prot & Plant Gene Res, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Ma, Zhiying; Zhang, Guiyin] Agr Univ Hebei, Key Lab Crop Germplasm Resources Hebei, Baoding, Peoples R China. [Kohel, Russell J.; Percy, Richard G.; Yu, John Z.] USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Wang, Jun] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Biol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Wang, Jun] King Abdulaziz Univ, Jeddah 21413, Saudi Arabia. [Wang, Jun] Macau Univ Sci & Technol, Macao, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jun] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jun] Univ Hong Kong, State Key Lab Pharmaceut Biotechnol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, YX (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Prot & Plant Gene Res, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM zhuyx2@pku.edu.cn; wangi@genomics.org.cn; yu@cricaas.com.cn RI Wang, Jun/C-8434-2016; Wang, Jun/B-9503-2016 OI Wang, Jun/0000-0002-8540-8931; Wang, Jun/0000-0002-2113-5874 FU National Science Foundation [31125020]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [90717009]; 863 National High-Tech Research Development Program in China [2013AA102601] FX We thank the National Mid-term Gene Bank for Cotton at the Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences for providing the original SXY1 seeds. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars (grant 31125020), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 90717009) and the 863 National High-Tech Research Development Program in China (grant 2013AA102601). NR 37 TC 176 Z9 210 U1 18 U2 114 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 46 IS 6 BP 567 EP 572 DI 10.1038/ng.2987 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AI4XU UT WOS:000336870700012 PM 24836287 ER PT J AU Yan, FF Hester, PY Cheng, HW AF Yan, F. F. Hester, P. Y. Cheng, H. W. TI The effect of perch access during pullet rearing and egg laying on physiological measures of stress in White Leghorns at 71 weeks of age SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE perch; catecholamine; serotonin; corticosterone; White Leghorn ID CHICKENS GALLUS-GALLUS; FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY; FURNISHED CAGES; GROUP-SIZE; CORTICOSTERONE RESPONSES; DEVELOPMENTAL STABILITY; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER; BLOOD SEROTONIN; GROUP SELECTION; ANIMAL-WELFARE AB Egg laying strains of chickens have a strong motivation to perch. Providing caged chickens with perches allows them to perform their natural perching behavior and also improves their musculoskeletal health due to exercise. Little is known about the effect of perch access for hens on physiological measures of stress. Our hypothesis was that denying chickens access to perches would elicit a stress response. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of perch access during all or part of life cycle on physiological homeostasis in caged 71-wk-old White Leghorn hens. A total of 1,064 chicks were assigned randomly to cages with and without perches (n - 14 pullet cages/perch treatment) on day of hatch. As pullets aged, chicks were removed from cages to provide more space. At 17 wk of age, 324 chickens in total were assigned to laying cages consisting of 4 treatments with 9 replicates per treatment. Treatment 1 chickens never had access to perches during their life cycle. Treatment 2 chickens had access to perches only from 17 to 71 wk of age (laying phase). Treatment 3 chickens had access to perches only from hatch to 16.9 wk of age (pullet phase). Treatment 4 chickens always had access to perches during their life cycle. At 71 wk of age, chickens were sampled for measurement of plasma catecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine) and corticosterone; blood serotonin and Trp; fluctuating asymmetry of shank length and width; and adrenal weight. Only shank width differed among treatments. Chickens with previous exposure to perches during the pullet phase had wider shanks than chickens without access to perches (P - 0.006), suggesting that early perching promoted skeletal development. These results suggest that a stress response was not elicited in 71-wk-old White Leghorn hens that always had access to perches compared with hens that never had access to perches during all or part of their life cycle. C1 [Yan, F. F.; Hester, P. Y.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cheng, H. W.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheng, HW (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Heng-Wei.Cheng@ars.usda.gov FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-67021-30114] FX Support of this project was from Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2011-67021-30114 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Perches were donated by T. L. Pollard of Big Dutchman (Holland, MI), and the chicks were provided by Hy-Line Hatchery (Warren, IN). Appreciation is extended to F. A. Haan and B. D. Little from the Poultry Research Farm at Purdue University (West Lafayette, IN) for the management and care of the hens. Also, gratitude is extended to G. L. Nowling, R. J. Lockridge, R. L. Dennis, S. Jiang, J. Y. Hu, and G. M. Morello of the USDA Livestock Behavior Research (West Lafayette, IN) for technical assistance. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1318 EP 1326 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03572 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000002 PM 24879681 ER PT J AU Hong, YH Dinh, H Lillehoj, HS Song, KD Oh, JD AF Hong, Yeong Ho Hue Dinh Lillehoj, Hyun S. Song, Ki-Duk Oh, Jae-Don TI Differential regulation of microRNA transcriptome in chicken lines resistant and susceptible to necrotic enteritis disease SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chicken; next-generation sequence; microRNA; necrotic enteritis; Eimeria maxima; Clostridium perfringens ID CLOSTRIDIUM-PERFRINGENS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; CHEMOKINE CXCL14; BROILER-CHICKENS; EXPRESSION; RNAS; IDENTIFICATION; GENES; CELLS; TARGETS AB Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a re-emerging disease as a result of increased restriction on the use of antibiotics in poultry. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of NE are unclear. Small RNA transcriptome analysis was performed using spleen and intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) from 2 inbred chicken lines selected for resistance or susceptibility to Marek's disease (MD) in an experimentally induced model of avian NE to investigate whether microRNA (miRNA) control the expression of genes associated with host response to pathogen challenge. Unique miRNA represented only 0.02 to 0.04% of the total number of sequences obtained, of which 544 were unambiguously identified. Hierarchical clustering revealed that most of miRNA in IEL were highly expressed in the MD-susceptible line 7.2 compared with MD-resistant line 6.3. Reduced CXCL14 gene expression was correlated with differential expression of several unique miRNA in MD-resistant chickens, whereas TGF beta R2 gene expression was correlated with altered gga-miR-216 miRNA levels in MD-susceptible animals. In conclusion, miRNA profiling and deep sequencing of small RNA in experimental models of infectious diseases may be useful for further understanding of host-pathogen interactions, and for providing insights into genetic markers of disease resistance. C1 [Hong, Yeong Ho; Hue Dinh] Chung Ang Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Anseong 456756, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Song, Ki-Duk; Oh, Jae-Don] Hankyong Natl Univ, Genom Informat Ctr, Anseong 456749, South Korea. RP Hong, YH (reprint author), Chung Ang Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Technol, Anseong 456756, South Korea. EM yhong@cau.ac.kr FU Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program [PJ008084]; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea FX The project was supported by the Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (no. PJ008084), Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea. The authors thank H. Cheng of Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory-USDA for providing chickens and Sung-Hyen Lee of ABBL, BARC-East, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, for their technical contribution to this work. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1383 EP 1395 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03666 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000009 PM 24879688 ER PT J AU Peebles, ED Jacob, R Branton, SL Gerard, PD AF Peebles, E. D. Jacob, R. Branton, S. L. Gerard, P. D. TI Effects of Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccination on serum alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein concentrations in commercial layer chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein; acute phase protein; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; layer; vaccine ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; EGG-LAYING HENS; PLASMA ALPHA-1-ACID GLYCOPROTEIN; TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MUTANT; F-STRAIN; INOCULATION OVERLAYS; BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS; AGE; PERFORMANCE; VACCINES AB Increases in circulating acute phase protein (APP) levels occur in reaction to systemic infections in animals. However, no previous research has been conducted to monitor possible changes in APP levels of birds in response to prelay vaccinations of various live attenuated Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccines in conjunction with their subsequent use as an overlay vaccine during the production period. Serum concentrations of the APP, alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein (AGP), were determined on d 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 after subjecting commercial laying hens to one of the following treatments at 10 wk of age (woa): 1) control (no vaccination); 2) ts-11 strain M. gallisepticum (ts11MG) vaccination; 3) M. gallisepticum-bacterin (MGBac) vaccination; and 4) ts11MG and MGBac combination (ts11MG & MGBac) vaccination. Furthermore, at 45 woa, the birds in half of the units assigned to each treatment group were vaccinated with high-passage F-strain M. gallisepticum (HpFMG). Birds in treatment 1 that were (single control) and were not (double control) vaccinated with HpFMG, and birds in treatments 2, 3, and 4 that were vaccinated with HpFMG were further tested during lay on d 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 28 after vaccination. On d 7, 14, and 28 postvaccination at 10 woa, the ts11MG & MGBac, ts11MG, and MGBac group AGP concentrations were not different from one another, but all were higher than those in the control group. Similarly, on d 3, 7, and 14 postvaccination, the single control, and the MGBac ts11MG, and ts11MG & MGBac treatment groups that were later vaccinated with HpFMG at 45 woa, were not different, but all were higher than that in the double control group. In conclusion, elevated circulation AGP concentrations may be used to detect and confirm subclinical infections in pullets up to 28 d after having been vaccinated with ts11MG, MGBac, or their combination. Furthermore, in association with depressed performance, elevated serum AGP concentrations in layers may be used to confirm HpFMG infections up to 28 d after its use as a vaccine. C1 [Peebles, E. D.; Jacob, R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu FU Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station [MIS-322270] FX This is Journal Article Number J-12419 from the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station supported by MIS-322270. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1396 EP 1402 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-03906 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000010 PM 24879689 ER PT J AU Jacob, R Branton, SL Evans, JD Leigh, SA Peebles, ED AF Jacob, R. Branton, S. L. Evans, J. D. Leigh, S. A. Peebles, E. D. TI Effects of live and killed vaccines against Mycoplasma gallisepticum on the performance characteristics of commercial layer chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alpha(1)-acid glycoprotein; acute phase protein; Mycoplasma gallisepticum; layer; vaccine ID EGG QUALITY PARAMETERS; 44-WEEK LAYING CYCLE; INOCULATION OVERLAYS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; DUAL INFECTION; STRAIN; HENS; VACCINATION; AGE; BACTERIN AB Different vaccine strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum have been used on multiple-age commercial layer farms in an effort to protect birds against virulent field-strain infections. Use of the F-strain of M. gallisepticum (FMG), as an overlay vaccine during lay, may be necessary because of the lower level of protection afforded by M. gallisepticum vaccines of low virulence given before lay. Two replicate trials were conducted to investigate effects of live and killed M. gallisepticum vaccines administered individually and in combination before lay, in conjunction with an FMG vaccine overlay after peak egg production (EP), on the performance characteristics of commercial layers. The following treatments were utilized at 10 wk of age (woa): 1) control (no vaccinations); 2) ts11 strain M. gallisepticum (ts11MG) vaccine; 3) M. gallisepticum-Bacterin vaccine (MG-Bacterin); and 4) ts11MG and MG-Bacterin vaccines combination. At 45 woa, half of the birds were overlaid with an FMG vaccine. Hen mortality, BW, egg weight, percentage hen-day EP, egg blood spots, and egg meat spots were determined at various time periods between 18 and 52 woa. The data from each trial were pooled. Treatment did not affect performance in interval I (23 to 45 woa). However, during interval II (46 to 52 woa), the EP of control and MG-Bacterin-vaccinated birds that later received an FMG vaccine overlay was lower than that in the other treatment groups. Furthermore, treatment application reduced bird BW during interval II. Despite the effects on BW and EP, no differences were observed for egg blood or meat spots among the various treatments. It is suggested that the vaccination of commercial layers before lay with ts11MG, but not MG-Bacterin, may reduce the negative impacts of an FMG overlay vaccination given during lay. These results establish that the vaccination of pullets with ts11MG in combination with the vaccination of hens with an FMG overlay, for continual protection against field-strain M. gallisepticum infections, may be used without suppressing performance. C1 [Jacob, R.; Peebles, E. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Branton, S. L.; Evans, J. D.; Leigh, S. A.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Peebles, ED (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dpeebles@poultry.msstate.edu FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX This work was funded by a grant from USDA-Agricultural Research Service. The authors express appreciation to Sharon Womack of the Mississippi State University Poultry Science Department and Clint Benoit of the USDA Poultry Research Unit, Mississippi State, MS, for their assistance in the collection of data. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1403 EP 1409 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03748 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000011 PM 24879690 ER PT J AU Meloche, KJ Kerr, BJ Billor, N Shurson, GC Dozier, WA AF Meloche, K. J. Kerr, B. J. Billor, N. Shurson, G. C. Dozier, W. A., III TI Validation of prediction equations for apparent metabolizable energy of corn distillers dried grains with solubles in broiler chicks SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler; dried distillers grains with solubles; apparent metabolizable energy; prediction equation; validation ID GROWING PIGS; DIGESTIBILITY; AGE; FAT AB An experiment consisting of 3 nearly identical trials was conducted to determine the AME(n) content of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) to validate 4 previously published prediction equations for AME(n) of corn DDGS in broilers. In addition, prior research data were used to generate a best-fit equation for AME(n) based on proximate analysis. Fifteen samples of DDGS ranging in ether extract (EE) from 4.98 to 14.29% (DM basis) were collected from various dry-grind ethanol plants and were subsequently fed to broiler chicks to determine AME(n) content. A corn-soybean meal control diet was formulated to contain 15% dextrose and test diets were created by mixing the control diet with 15% DDGS at the expense of dextrose. In each trial, male Ross x Ross 708 chicks were housed in grower battery cages and received a common starter diet until the experimental period. Each cage was randomly assigned to 1 of the dietary treatments (trial 1 and trial 2: control + 6 test diets, 13 replicates per diet; trial 3: control + 3 test diets, 12 replicates per diet). Experimental diets were fed over a 6-d acclimation period, followed by a 48-h total excreta collection period. On a DM basis, AME(n) of the 15 DDGS samples ranged from 1,975 to 3,634 kcal/kg. Analyses were conducted to determine gross energy, CP, EE, DM, starch, total dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber, and ash content of the DDGS samples. All results were reported on a DM basis. Application of the 4 equations to the validation data resulted in root mean square error (RMSE) values of 335, 381, 488, and 502 kcal/kg, respectively. Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator technique was applied to proximate analysis data for 30 corn coproducts adapted from prior research and resulted in the following best-fit equation: [AME(n) (kcal/kg) = 3,673 - (121.35 x CF) + (51.29 x EE) - (121.08 x ash); P < 0.01; R-2 = 0.70; R-adj(2) = 0.67; RMSE = 270 kcal/kg]. The RMSE values obtained through validation were not consistent with the expectation of predictive performance based on internal measures of fit for each equation. These results indicated that validation is necessary to quantify the expected error associated with practical application of each individual prediction equation to external data. C1 [Meloche, K. J.; Dozier, W. A., III] Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 38649 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Billor, N.] Auburn Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Auburn, AL 38649 USA. [Shurson, G. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Dozier, WA (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Auburn, AL 38649 USA. EM bill.dozier@auburn.edu NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1428 EP 1439 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03712 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000014 PM 24879693 ER PT J AU Packialakshmi, B Liyanage, R Rasaputra, KS Lay, JO Rath, NC AF Packialakshmi, B. Liyanage, R. Rasaputra, K. S. Lay, Jackson O., Jr. Rath, N. C. TI Isolation and characterization of chicken bile matrix metalloproteinase SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bile; collagen digestion; matrix metalloproteinase-2; mass spectrometry ID IN-GEL DIGESTION; INTRAHEPATIC CHOLANGIOCARCINOMA; NATIVE COLLAGEN; EXPRESSION; INHIBITORS; PROTEASE; LIVER; CATHEPSINS; PHYSIOLOGY; NUTRITION AB Avian bile is rich in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), the enzymes that cleave extracellular matrix proteins such as collagens and proteoglycans. Changes in bile MMP expression have been correlated with hepatic and gall bladder pathologies, but the significance of their expression in normal, healthy bile is not understood. We hypothesized that the MMP in bile may aid the digestion of native collagens that are resistant to conventional gastric proteases. Hence, the objective of this study was to characterize the bile MMP and check its regulation in association with dietary factors. We used substrate zymography, azocoll protease assay, and gelatin affinity chromatography to identify and purify the MMP from chicken bile. Using zymography and SDS PAGE, 5 bands at 70, 64, 58, 50, and 42 kDa were detected. The bands corresponding to 64, 50, and 42 kDa were identified as MMP2 using trypsin in-gel digestion and matrix-assisted laser desorption time-of-flight mass spectrometry and peptide mass fingerprinting. Chickens fed diets containing gelatin supplements showed higher levels of MMP expression in the bile by both azocoll assay and zymography. We conclude that the bile MMP may be associated with the digestion of collagens and other extracellular matrix proteins in avian diets. C1 [Packialakshmi, B.] Univ Arkansas, Cell & Mol Biol Program, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Packialakshmi, B.; Rasaputra, K. S.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Liyanage, R.; Lay, Jackson O., Jr.] Univ Arkansas, Statewide Mass Spectrometry Facil, Dept Chem & Biochem, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Rasaputra, K. S.; Rath, N. C.] ARS, USDA, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Rath, NC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM narayan.rath@ars.usda.gov RI Lay, Jackson/G-1007-2011 OI Lay, Jackson/0000-0003-3789-2527 FU NIH [P30 GM103450] FX We thank Scott Zornes, Sonia Tsai, and Wally McDonner (USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Poultry Production and Product Safety Research Unit) for assistance. Part of the study was carried out in the Statewide Mass Spectrometry Facility supported by NIH grant P30 GM103450 to the University of Arkansas. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1495 EP 1502 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03848 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000020 PM 24879699 ER PT J AU Buhr, RJ Walker, JM Bourassa, DV Caudill, AB Kiepper, BH Zhuang, H AF Buhr, R. J. Walker, J. M. Bourassa, D. V. Caudill, A. B. Kiepper, B. H. Zhuang, H. TI Impact of broiler processing scalding and chilling profiles on carcass and breast meat yield SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE broiler processing; chilling; scalding; yield ID MOISTURE RETENTION; CHICKEN CARCASSES; EVAPORATIVE AIR; POULTRY; TEMPERATURE; TENDERNESS; WATER; SKIN; IMMERSION; QUALITY AB The effect of scalding and chilling procedures was evaluated on carcass and breast meat weight and yield in broilers. On 4 separate weeks (trials), broilers were subjected to feed withdrawal, weighed, and then stunned and bled in 4 sequential batches (n = 16 broilers/batch, 64 broilers/trial). In addition, breast skin was collected before scalding, after scalding, and after defeathering for proximate analysis. Each batch of 16 carcasses was subjected to either hard (60.0A degrees C for 1.5 min) or soft (52.8A degrees C for 3 min) immersion scalding. Following defeathering and evisceration, 8 carcasses/batch were air-chilled (0.5A degrees C, 120 min, 86% RH) and 8 carcasses/batch were immersion water-chilled (water and ice 0.5A degrees C, 40 min). Carcasses were reweighed individually following evisceration and following chilling. Breast meat was removed from the carcass and weighed within 4 h postmortem. There were significant (P < 0.05) differences among the trials for all weights and yields; however, postfeed withdrawal shackle weight and postscald-defeathered eviscerated weights did not differ between the scalding and chilling treatments. During air-chilling all carcasses lost weight, resulting in postchill carcass yield of 73.0% for soft-scalded and 71.3% for hard-scalded carcasses, a difference of 1.7%. During water-chilling all carcasses gained weight, resulting in heavier postchill carcass weights (2,031 g) than for air-chilled carcasses (1,899 g). Postchill carcass yields were correspondingly higher for water-chilled carcasses, 78.2% for soft-scalded and 76.1% for hard-scalded carcasses, a difference of 2.1%. Only in trials 1 and 4 was breast meat yield significantly lower for hard-scalded, air-chilled carcasses (16.1 and 17.5%) than the other treatments. Proximate analysis of skin sampled after scalding or defeathering did not differ significantly in moisture (P = 0.2530) or lipid (P = 0.6412) content compared with skin sampled before scalding. Skin protein content was significantly higher (P < 0.05) for prescald and soft-scalded skin samples than for hard-scalded or soft or hard-scalded skin samples after defeathering. The hard-scalding method used in this experiment did not result in increased skin lipid loss either before or after defeathering. C1 [Buhr, R. J.; Bourassa, D. V.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Walker, J. M.; Caudill, A. B.] Marel Stork Poultry Proc Inc, Gainesville, GA 30503 USA. [Kiepper, B. H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Zhuang, H.] ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Buhr, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM jeff.buhr@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1534 EP 1541 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03535 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000024 PM 24879703 ER PT J AU Zhuang, H Bowker, BC Buhr, RJ Brambila, GS AF Zhuang, H. Bowker, B. C. Buhr, R. J. Brambila, G. Sanchez TI Hot-boning enhances cook yield of boneless skinless chicken thighs SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chicken thigh; postmortem deboning time; cook yield; iliotibialis; color ID BROILER BREAST MEAT; WATER-HOLDING CAPACITY; EXUDATIVE PSE OCCURRENCE; WARNER-BRATZLER SHEAR; FUNCTIONAL-PROPERTIES; TURKEY BREAST; ALLO-KRAMER; QUALITY; PORK; TEXTURE AB Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of postmortem deboning time on cook yield of boneless skinless chicken thighs. In experiment 1, chicken thigh meat was deboned at 0.75 (hot-bone), 2, and 24 h postmortem (PM) and trimmed to obtain mainly iliotibialis muscle. Samples were cooked directly from a frozen state. Cook yield of the muscle was significantly influenced by PM deboning time. Hot-boned thighs exhibited a 7% greater cook yield than the samples deboned at 24 h. In experiment 2, boneless skinless chicken thighs were deboned at 0.3, 2, and 24 h PM and cooked directly from a fresh, never-frozen state at 24 h PM. Cook yield of the hot-boned thighs was significantly higher than those of the 2 and 24 h deboned samples, which did not differ from each other. In experiment 3, whole legs (thigh + drumstick) were cut from the carcass backbone at 0.3 (hot-cut), 2, and 24 h PM. Thighs were separated from the legs (drumsticks) at either the same time the whole legs were removed from the carcasses or at 24 h PM. Intact thighs (bone in) were cooked fresh at 24 h PM. Color of fresh thigh muscles, cook yield, and Warner-Bratzler shear force of cooked samples were measured. Cook yield of the thighs cut from the backbone before chilling was significantly higher than those cut from the carcasses at 2 and 24 h PM, which did not differ from each other. The PM time at which intact thighs were separated from the leg (drumstick) did not influence cook yield. These results demonstrate that postmortem deboning time can significantly affect cook yield of boneless skinless chicken thigh products. Deboning chicken thighs after chilling reduces the cook yield. Differences in the cook yield of thighs may also result from the removal of whole chicken legs from the carcass backbone. C1 [Zhuang, H.; Bowker, B. C.; Buhr, R. J.; Brambila, G. Sanchez] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Zhuang, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM hong.zhuang@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1553 EP 1560 DI 10.3382/ps.2013-03662 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AI7NH UT WOS:000337078000026 PM 24879705 ER PT J AU Weaver, CM Dwyer, J Fulgoni, VL King, JC Leveille, GA MacDonald, RS Ordovas, J Schnakenberg, D AF Weaver, Connie M. Dwyer, Johanna Fulgoni, Victor L., III King, Janet C. Leveille, Gilbert A. MacDonald, Ruth S. Ordovas, Jose Schnakenberg, David TI Processed foods: contributions to nutrition(1,2) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NUTRIENT-RICH FOODS; DIETARY; RECOMMENDATIONS; TECHNOLOGY; REDUCTION; AMERICANS; SCIENCE; DISEASE; QUALITY; HEALTH AB Both fresh and processed foods make up vital parts of the food supply. Processed food contributes to both food security (ensuring that sufficient food is available) and nutrition security (ensuring that food quality meets human nutrient needs). This ASN scientific statement focuses on one aspect of processed foods: their nutritional impacts. Specifically, this scientific statement 1) provides an introduction to how processed foods contribute to the health of populations, 2) analyzes the contribution of processed foods to "nutrients to encourage" and "constituents to limit" in the American diet as recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 3) identifies the responsibilities of various stakeholders in improving the American diet, and 4) reviews emerging technologies and the research needed for a better understanding of the role of processed foods in a healthy diet. Analyses of the NHANES 2003-2008 show that processed foods provide both nutrients to encourage and constituents to limit as specified in the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Of the nutrients to encourage, processed foods contributed 55% of dietary fiber, 48% of calcium, 43% of potassium, 34% of vitamin D, 64% of iron,65% of folate, and 46% of vitamin B-12. Of the constituents to limit, processed foods contributed 57% of energy, 52% of saturated fat, 75% of added sugars, and 57% of sodium. Diets are more likely to meet food guidance recommendations if nutrient-dense foods, either processed or not, are selected. Nutrition and food science professionals, the food industry, and other stakeholders can help to improve the diets of Americans by providing a nutritious food supply that is safe, enjoyable, affordable, and sustainable by communicating effectively and accurately with each other and by working together to improve the overall knowledge of consumers. C1 [Weaver, Connie M.] Purdue Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Sci, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA USA. [Dwyer, Johanna] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna; Ordovas, Jose] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD USA. [Fulgoni, Victor L., III] Nutr Impact LLC, Battle Creek, MI USA. [King, Janet C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [King, Janet C.] Childrens Hosp Oakland, Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. [Leveille, Gilbert A.] Leveillt Associates, Denville, NJ USA. [MacDonald, Ruth S.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA USA. RP Weaver, CM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Sci, Dept Nutr Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 79 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 55 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 99 IS 6 BP 1525 EP 1542 DI 10.3945/ajcn.114.089284 PG 18 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AH9NW UT WOS:000336470100030 PM 24760975 ER PT J AU Haynes, KG Qu, XS Christ, BJ AF Haynes, Kathleen G. Qu, Xinshun Christ, Barbara J. TI Two Cycles of Recurrent Maternal Half-Sib Selection Reduce Foliar Late Blight in a Diploid Hybrid Solanum phureja-S-stenotomum Population by Two-thirds SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Diploid potato breeding; Genetic gain; Germplasm enhancement; Heritability; Phytophthora infestans; Population improvement ID BROAD-SPECTRUM RESISTANCE; PHYTOPHTHORA-INFESTANS; CHROMOSOME-IX; R-GENE; POTATO; BULBOCASTANUM; HERITABILITY; LOCUS; PLANT AB Foliar late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is an important disease problem worldwide. Foliar resistance to late blight was found in a hybrid population of the cultivated diploid species Solanum phureja-S. stenotomum (phu-stn). The objective of this study was to determine if resistance to late blight could be improved by recurrent maternal half-sib selection in the phu-stn population. Four clones from each of 72 maternal half-sib families plus the check cultivar 'Atlantic' were evaluated for late blight resistance in replicated field trials in Pennsylvania. The most late blight resistant clone from each of the 72 families was randomly intermated to advance the population. The cycle 1, 2, and 3 populations were evaluated in 1996-1997, 2003-2004, and 2009-2010, respectively. Percent infected foliage was recorded several times towards the end of the growing season and used to compute area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC). Mean AUDPC was 652 (cycle 1), 556 (cycle 2), and 276 (cycle 3), whereas the mean AUDPC of 'Atlantic' ranged from 775 to 863 each cycle. Narrow-sense heritability for resistance was estimated as 0.78, 0.77, and 0.80 in cycles 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Recurrent maternal half-sib selection continues to improve the levels of resistance to late blight in this diploid population with no adverse effect on the amount of additive genetic variance. Additional improvements for late blight resistance are likely to occur if this approach is continued. C1 [Haynes, Kathleen G.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Qu, Xinshun; Christ, Barbara J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Haynes, KG (reprint author), ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kathleen.haynes@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 91 IS 3 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9345-9 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI5QH UT WOS:000336923700003 ER PT J AU Haynes, KG Gergela, DM Qu, XS Peck, MW Yencho, GC Clough, ME Henninger, MR Halseth, DE Porter, GA Ocaya, PC Zotarelli, L Menasha, SR Christ, BJ Wanner, L Hutchinson, CM AF Haynes, K. G. Gergela, D. M. Qu, X. S. Peck, M. W. Yencho, G. C. Clough, M. E. Henninger, M. R. Halseth, D. E. Porter, G. A. Ocaya, P. C. Zotarelli, L. Menasha, S. R. Christ, B. J. Wanner, L. Hutchinson, C. M. TI Elkton: A New Potato Variety with Resistance to Internal Heat Necrosis and Hollow Heart and Suitable for Chipping Directly from the Field in the Southern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF POTATO RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Solanum tuberosum; Variety; Potato breeding; Chip processing; Internal heat necrosis AB Elkton is a medium to medium-late maturing potato variety with tan netted-skin, round-oval tubers, and white-flesh. Average marketable yields ranged from 76 % to 113 % of Atlantic and average specific gravities ranged from -0.002 to -0.006 less than Atlantic depending on location. Chip color processed directly from the field in southern locations or from storage in the northern locations is equivalent to Atlantic. Elkton is resistant to internal heat necrosis and hollow heart. Color and texture ratings of Elkton following baking, boiling and microwaving have been similar to Atlantic. Elkton is moderately resistant to early blight and Verticillium wilt; moderately susceptible to foliar late blight and susceptible to tuber late blight; moderately susceptible to powdery scab; and, susceptible to potato virus Y and potato virus S. Its reaction to common scab has been inconsistent. Plant Variety Protection has been requested for Elkton. C1 [Haynes, K. G.; Wanner, L.] USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gergela, D. M.; Zotarelli, L.; Hutchinson, C. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Qu, X. S.; Peck, M. W.; Christ, B. J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Yencho, G. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Clough, M. E.] N Carolina State Univ, Vernon G James Res & Extens Ctr, Plymouth, NC 27692 USA. [Henninger, M. R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Halseth, D. E.] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Porter, G. A.; Ocaya, P. C.] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Menasha, S. R.] Cornell Cooperat Extens Suffolk Cty, Riverhead, NY 11901 USA. RP Haynes, KG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kathleen.haynes@ars.usda.gov NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-209X EI 1874-9380 J9 AM J POTATO RES JI Am. J. Potato Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 91 IS 3 BP 269 EP 276 DI 10.1007/s12230-013-9347-7 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI5QH UT WOS:000336923700005 ER PT J AU Lee, S Ward, TJ Graves, LM Tarr, CL Siletzky, RM Kathariou, S AF Lee, Sangmi Ward, Todd J. Graves, Lewis M. Tarr, Cheryl L. Siletzky, Robin M. Kathariou, Sophia TI Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008 SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BENZALKONIUM CHLORIDE RESISTANCE; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPING ASSAY; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TURKEY-PROCESSING PLANTS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; EPIDEMIC CLONES; HEAVY-METAL; FOOD SAFETY; STRAINS; OUTBREAK AB Listeria monocytogenes can cause severe food-borne disease (listeriosis). Numerous outbreaks have involved three serotype 4b epidemic clones (ECs): ECI, ECII, and ECIa. However, little is known about the population structure of L. monocytogenes serotype 4b from sporadic listeriosis in the United States, even though most cases of human listeriosis are in fact sporadic. Here we analyzed 136 serotype 4b isolates from sporadic cases in the United States, 2003 to 2008, utilizing multiple tools including multilocus genotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and sequence analysis of the inlAB locus. ECI, ECII, and ECIa were frequently encountered (32, 17, and 7%, respectively). However, annually 30 to 68% of isolates were outside these ECs, and several novel clonal groups were identified. An estimated 33 and 17% of the isolates, mostly among the ECs, were resistant to cadmium and arsenic, respectively, but resistance to benzalkonium chloride was uncommon (3%) among the sporadic isolates. The frequency of clonal groups fluctuated within the 6-year study period, without consistent trends. However, on several occasions, temporal clusters of isolates with indistinguishable genotypes were detected, suggesting the possibility of hidden multistate outbreaks. Our analysis suggests a complex population structure of serotype 4b L. monocytogenes from sporadic disease, with important contributions by ECs and several novel clonal groups. Continuous monitoring will be needed to assess long-term trends in clonality patterns and population structure of L. monocytogenes from sporadic listeriosis. C1 [Lee, Sangmi; Siletzky, Robin M.; Kathariou, Sophia] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Ward, Todd J.] ARS, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. [Graves, Lewis M.; Tarr, Cheryl L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lee, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM slee19@ncsu.edu FU USDA [2006-35201-17377]; U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service FX This study was partially supported by USDA grant 2006-35201-17377 and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 80 IS 12 BP 3632 EP 3644 DI 10.1128/AEM.00454-14 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AI3EX UT WOS:000336744000010 PM 24705322 ER PT J AU Duran, RM Gregersen, S Smith, TD Bhetariya, PJ Cary, JW Harris-Coward, PY Mattison, CP Grimm, C Calvo, AM AF Duran, Rocio M. Gregersen, Scott Smith, Timothy D. Bhetariya, Preetida J. Cary, Jeffrey W. Harris-Coward, Pamela Y. Mattison, Christopher P. Grimm, Casey Calvo, Ana M. TI The role of Aspergillus flavus veA in the production of extracellular proteins during growth on starch substrates SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; veA; Hydrolases; Amylases; Proteases; Proteomics ID FUNGAL CELL-WALL; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; SECONDARY METABOLISM; MAIZE KERNELS; SCLEROTIAL PRODUCTION; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; IMPORTIN-ALPHA; GENE; LOCALIZATION AB The aflatoxin-producer and opportunistic plant pathogenic, filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus is responsible for the contamination of corn and other important agricultural commodities. In order to obtain nutrients from the host A. flavus produces a variety of extracellular hydrolytic enzymes. Interestingly, A. flavus amylase and protease activity are dependent on the global regulator veA, a gene known to regulate morphogenesis and secondary metabolism in numerous fungi. Analysis of starch degradation by fungal enzymes secreted into broths of starch- or corn kernel-based media showed a notable accumulation of glucose in samples of the A. flavus control strain while the deletion veA sample accumulated high levels of maltose and maltotriose and only a small amount of glucose. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE and proteomics analysis of culture broths from starch- or corn kernel-based media demonstrated differential production of a number of proteins that included a reduction in the amount of a glucoamylase protein in the veA mutant compared to the control strain, while an alpha-amylase was produced in greater quantities in the veA mutant. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analyses using anti-glucoamylase or alpha-amylase antisera supported the proteomics results. Additionally, an overall reduction in protease activity was observed in the veA mutant including production of the alkaline protease, oryzin, compared to the control strain. These findings contribute to our knowledge of mechanisms controlling production of hydrolases and other extracellular proteins during growth of A. flavus on natural starch-based substrates. C1 [Duran, Rocio M.; Gregersen, Scott; Smith, Timothy D.; Bhetariya, Preetida J.; Calvo, Ana M.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Cary, Jeffrey W.; Harris-Coward, Pamela Y.; Mattison, Christopher P.; Grimm, Casey] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Calvo, AM (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. EM amcalvo@niu.edu FU USDA-SCA [58-6435-9-386]; Department of Biological Sciences at NIU FX This project was funded by USDA-SCA 58-6435-9-386 and the Department of Biological Sciences at NIU. We wish to thank Jessica Lohmar and Barbara Ball for technical support. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 EI 1432-0614 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 5081 EP 5094 DI 10.1007/s00253-014-5598-6 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AH6VC UT WOS:000336268900027 PM 24584515 ER PT J AU Kong, Q Chi, C Yu, JJ Shan, SH Li, QY Li, QT Guan, B Nierman, WC Bennett, JW AF Kong, Qing Chi, Chen Yu, Jiujiang Shan, Shihua Li, Qiyu Li, Qianting Guan, Bin Nierman, William C. Bennett, Joan W. TI The inhibitory effect of Bacillus megaterium on aflatoxin and cyclopiazonic acid biosynthetic pathway gene expression in Aspergillus flavus SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aspergillus flavus; Bacillus megaterium; Aflatoxin; Gene chip; qRT-PCR ID SECONDARY METABOLISM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; IN-VITRO; PARASITICUS; AFLR; TEMPERATURE; BIOCONTROL; NIDULANS; CLUSTERS; STRAIN AB Aspergillus flavus is one of the major moulds that colonize peanut in the field and during storage. The impact to human and animal health, and to the economy in agriculture and commerce, is significant since this mold produces the most potent known natural toxins, aflatoxins, which are carcinogenic, mutagenic, immunosuppressive, and teratogenic. A strain of marine Bacillus megaterium isolated from the Yellow Sea of East China was evaluated for its effect in inhibiting aflatoxin formation in A. flavus through down-regulating aflatoxin pathway gene expression as demonstrated by gene chip analysis. Aflatoxin accumulation in potato dextrose broth liquid medium and liquid minimal medium was almost totally (more than 98 %) inhibited by co-cultivation with B. megaterium. Growth was also reduced. Using expression studies, we identified the fungal genes down-regulated by co-cultivation with B. megaterium across the entire fungal genome and specifically within the aflatoxin pathway gene cluster (aflF, aflT, aflS, aflJ, aflL, aflX). Modulating the expression of these genes could be used for controlling aflatoxin contamination in crops such as corn, cotton, and peanut. Importantly, the expression of the regulatory gene aflS was significantly down-regulated during co-cultivation. We present a model showing a hypothesis of the regulatory mechanism of aflatoxin production suppression by AflS and AflR through B. megaterium co-cultivation. C1 [Kong, Qing; Chi, Chen; Li, Qiyu; Li, Qianting; Guan, Bin] Ocean Univ China, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Yu, Jiujiang] ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Shan, Shihua] Shandong Peanut Res Inst, Qingdao, Shandong, Peoples R China. [Nierman, William C.] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA. [Bennett, Joan W.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Environm & Biol Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. RP Kong, Q (reprint author), Ocean Univ China, Sch Food Sci & Engn, Yushan Rd 5, Qingdao 266003, Shandong, Peoples R China. EM kongqing@ouc.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31000823] FX This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31000823). NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 EI 1432-0614 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 11 BP 5161 EP 5172 DI 10.1007/s00253-014-5632-8 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AH6VC UT WOS:000336268900034 PM 24652062 ER PT J AU French, A Langan, P AF French, Alfred Langan, Paul TI 100 years of cellulose fiber diffraction and the emergence of complementary techniques PREFACE SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [French, Alfred] USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [Langan, Paul] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biol & Soft Matter Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP French, A (reprint author), USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. EM cellulose.editor@gmail.com RI Langan, Paul/N-5237-2015 OI Langan, Paul/0000-0002-0247-3122 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 EI 1572-882X J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD JUN PY 2014 VL 21 IS 3 BP 1087 EP 1089 DI 10.1007/s10570-014-0228-0 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA AH7OL UT WOS:000336322800001 ER PT J AU Lou, HM Zhou, HF Li, XL Wang, MX Zhu, JY Qiu, XQ AF Lou, Hongming Zhou, Haifeng Li, Xiuli Wang, Mengxia Zhu, J. Y. Qiu, Xueqing TI Understanding the effects of lignosulfonate on enzymatic saccharification of pure cellulose SO CELLULOSE LA English DT Article DE Enzymatic hydrolysis; Cellulose saccharification; Lignosulfonate; Surfactant; Cellulase binding; Hydrophobic interaction; Nonproductive binding ID HIGH SOLIDS; HYDROLYSIS; LIGNIN; BINDING; LIGNOCELLULOSES; SURFACTANT; SPORL; FERMENTATION; MECHANISM; ETHANOL AB The effects of lignosulfonate (LS) on enzymatic saccharification of pure cellulose were studied. Four fractions of LS with different molecular weight (MW) prepared by ultrafiltration of a commercial LS were applied at different loadings to enzymatic hydrolysis of Whatman paper under different pH. Using LS fractions with low MW and high degree of sulfonation can enhance enzymatic cellulose saccharification despite LS can bind to cellulase nonproductively. The enhancing effect varies with LS properties, its loading, and hydrolysis pH. Inhibitive effect on cellulose saccharification was also observed using LS with large MW and low degree of sulfonation. The concept of "LS-cellulase aggregate stabilized and enhanced cellulase binding" was proposed to explain the observed enhancement of cellulose saccharification. The concept was demonstrated by the linear correlation between the measured amount of bound cellulase and saccharification efficiency with and without LS of different MW in a range of pH. C1 [Lou, Hongming; Zhou, Haifeng; Li, Xiuli; Wang, Mengxia; Qiu, Xueqing] S China Univ Technol, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lou, Hongming; Zhou, Haifeng; Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Lou, Hongming; Qiu, Xueqing] S China Univ Technol, State Key Lab Pulp & Paper Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM jzhu@fs.fed.us OI Lou, Hongming/0000-0003-3941-7287 FU USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) phase II project (Phase II project) through Biopulping International [2010-33610-21589]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA) [2011-68005-30416]; China Excellent Young Scientist Fund [20925622]; International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China [2013DFA41670]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [21376100]; Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC) FX This work was supported by a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) phase II project (Phase II project (Contract No. 2010-33610-21589) through Biopulping International, a Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant (2011-68005-30416) from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) through the Northwest Advanced Renewables Alliance (NARA), China Excellent Young Scientist Fund (20925622), International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (2013DFA41670), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (21376100), The Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC). These programs made the visiting appointments of Hongming Lou and Haifeng Zhou at the US Forest Service (USFS), Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) possible. We acknowledge Fred Matt and Kolby Hirth (both USFS-FPL) for carrying out carbohydrate and sulfur content analyses. JYZ is a co-inventor of a sulfite pretreatment process-SPORL (US patent application published) that produces lignosulfonate. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0969-0239 EI 1572-882X J9 CELLULOSE JI Cellulose PD JUN PY 2014 VL 21 IS 3 BP 1351 EP 1359 DI 10.1007/s10570-014-0237-z PG 9 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA AH7OL UT WOS:000336322800025 ER PT J AU Chen, J Hu, G Zhang, J Chu, C Wu, Y AF Chen, J. Hu, G. Zhang, J. Chu, C. Wu, Y. TI Mapping of STS Markers Developed from Drought Tolerance Candidate Genes and Preliminary Analysis of their Association with Yield-related Traits in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum) SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE wheat; SSR; drought; candidate gene ID LOW-TEMPERATURE; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATORS; ARABIDOPSIS GENE; BREAD WHEAT; EXPRESSION; STRESS; IDENTIFICATION; COMPONENTS; PROTEINS; FAMILY AB Drought is a severe abiotic stress that affects wheat production worldwide. In order to identify candidate genes for tolerance to water stress in wheat, sequences of 11 genes that have function of drought tolerance in other plant species were used to identify the wheat ortholog genes via homology searching in the wheat EST database. A total of 11 primer pairs were identified and amplified PCR products in wheat. Of them, 10 STS markers were mapped on 11 chromosomes in a set of nulli-tetrasomic lines of 'Chinese Spring' wheat; six were mapped on chromosomes 1A, 1B, 4B, 7A, 2B and 5D, respectively, in a spring wheat mapping population (POP1). The marker XTaABH1 mapped on 7A in POP1 was the only one mapped but characterized in a winter wheat mapping population (POP2) for grain yield, kernel weight and diameter, and height in four-field trials applied different water stress or irrigation. The marker XTaABH1 was significantly associated with grain yield under rainfed condition, with kernel weight under terminal stress and non-irrigation conditions, with kernel diameter and height under non-irrigated condition. The STS primers, map information and marker-trait association produced in the currently study would be of interest to researchers working on drought tolerance. C1 [Chen, J.; Zhang, J.] Univ Idaho, Dept PSES, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Hu, G.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Chu, C.] Heartland Plant Innovat, Manhattan, KS 66503 USA. [Wu, Y.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Hu, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Gongshe.hu@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative Competitive [2006-55606-16629]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Triticeae-CAP [2011-68002-30029]; Idaho Wheat Commission Grant FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2006-55606-16629, the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Triticeae-CAP 2011-68002-30029, the Idaho Wheat Commission Grant. The authors sincerely thank Mr. Weidong Zhao for his excellent technical support. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 16 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO RT PI BUDAPEST PA PRIELLE K U 19, PO BOX 245,, H-1117 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 EI 1788-9170 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 42 IS 2 BP 199 EP 208 DI 10.1556/CRC.2013.0056 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH9VG UT WOS:000336492100003 ER PT J AU Borchers, AM Xiarchos, I Beckman, J AF Borchers, Allison M. Xiarchos, Irene Beckman, Jayson TI Determinants of wind and solar energy system adoption by U.S. farms: A multilevel modeling approach SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; Renewable energy; Technology adoption; Net metering; Interconnection ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; RARE EVENTS; TECHNOLOGY AB This article offers the first national examination of the determinants of adoption of wind and solar energy generation on U.S. farming operations. The inclusion of state policies and characteristics in a multilevel modeling approach distinguishes this study from past research utilizing logit models of technology adoption which focus only on the characteristics of the farm operation. Results suggest the propensity to adopt is higher for livestock operations, larger farms, operators with internet access, organic operations, and newer farmers. The results find state characteristics such as solar resources, per capita income levels, and predominantly democratic voting increasing the odds of farm adoption. This research suggests the relevance of state policy variables in explaining farm level outcomes is limited, although in combination best practice net metering and interconnection policies policies designed to encourage the development of small scale distributed applications are shown to increase the likelihood of farm solar and wind adoption. The prevalence of electric cooperatives which are often not subject to state renewable energy policies and often service farms is negatively related with the propensity to adopt and suggests that policy design may be a factor. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Borchers, Allison M.; Beckman, Jayson] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Xiarchos, Irene] USDA, Off Energy Policy & New Uses, Off Chief Economist, Washington, DC USA. RP Borchers, AM (reprint author), USDA ERS RRED FEB, 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM aborchers@ers.usda.gov NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0301-4215 EI 1873-6777 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD JUN PY 2014 VL 69 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.enpol.2014.02.014 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH9MX UT WOS:000336467600011 ER PT J AU Rittenhouse, JL Rice, PJ Spokas, KA Koskinen, WC AF Rittenhouse, Jennifer L. Rice, Pamela J. Spokas, Kurt A. Koskinen, William C. TI Assessing biochar's ability to reduce bioavailability of aminocyclopyrachlor in soils SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Auxin; Herbicide; Aminocyclopyrachlor ID ACTIVATED CARBON; HERBICIDES; CHARCOAL; INJURY; PLANTS AB Aminocyclopyrachlor is a pyrimidine carboxylic acid herbicide used to control broadleaf weeds and brush. Amending soil with activated charcoal is recommended to prevent off-site transport of aminocyclopyrachlor and non-target plant damage. We used the batch-equilibrium method to determine the concentration of aminocyclopyrachlor in a pseudo-steady state with biochar, soil, and biochar-soil systems (<10% biochar by weight). We observed that aminocyclopyrachlor is mobile in soils. Soil incorporation of activated charcoal removed nearly all of the aqueous aminocyclopyrachlor thereby limiting its bioavailability to non-target flora. On the other hand, biochars were less effective than activated charcoal. Biochar produced from olive mill waste feedstock was the most effective biochar that we assessed for reducing the aqueous herbicide concentration. Although these biochars reduced the aminocyclopyrachlor concentration, they would not be practical remediation media due to the extraordinarily high application rates required to reduce the concentration by 50% (2.13 x 10(5) kg ha(-1) -7.27 x 10(5) kg ha(-1)). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rittenhouse, Jennifer L.; Rice, Pamela J.; Spokas, Kurt A.; Koskinen, William C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Rittenhouse, JL (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, 439 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM jennifer.Rittenhouse@ars.usda.gov RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 189 BP 92 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.02.022 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH9MQ UT WOS:000336466900013 PM 24641839 ER PT J AU Eggleston, G Klich, M Antoine, A Beltz, S Viator, R AF Eggleston, Gillian Klich, Maren Antoine, April Beltz, Shannon Viator, Ryan TI Brown and green sugarcane leaves as potential biomass: How they deteriorate under dry and wet storage conditions SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE Sugarcane; Leaves; Biomass; Feedstock; Storage; Deterioration ID VARIETIES; BAGASSE; IDENTIFICATION; PRETREATMENT; ENDOTOXIN; BACTERIA; MANNITOL; CRITERIA; QUALITY; TRASH AB The current trends to (1) investigate sugarcane leaves as a sustainable biomass feedstock for the production of biofuels and bioproducts and (2) delivery of more leaves to factories for processing with stalks, have made information on how it deteriorates on storage during dry and wet environmental conditions more important. Brown, dry (BL) and green leaves (GL) were stripped from hand-cut whole-stalks from Louisiana (LA) sugarcane variety LCP 85-384 in two consecutive years. In the first year, BL and GL were separately allowed to deteriorate in a simulated field canopy shade study. One set was watered across 14 days to simulate rain, and the other set was not watered. This 14 day period was repeated three times across the LA harvest season (October to December) to cover varying environmental conditions: 17-31 October (21 degrees C; 71% mean humidity), 15-29 November (22 degrees C; 71%), and 13-27 December (15.5 degrees C; 78%). In the second year, the simulated study was repeated but over a prolonged 28 day period (17 November-15 December) and fresh and deteriorated leaves were also collected from a grower's LCP 85-384 field and analyzed for comparison. Generally, the worst deterioration for both BL and GL occurred in the watered samples, and when the humidity was highest. On deterioration, more soluble impurities were extracted from GL than BL. Only prolonged deterioration of BL caused a reduction of fiber biomass, and the fiber content of GL usually increased on deterioration because of loss of moisture. The nutrient sucrose was often, but not always, preferentially utilized over glucose and fructose. Results from the grower's field were more extreme than from the simulated experiments. Leaf moisture was higher in the deteriorated than non-deteriorated field BL because its shredded state created more surface area to absorb water; this also allowed for more Leuconostoc mesenteroides bacteria to grow and form dextran and mannitol. Overall, the total microbe populations were highest on watered GL because of higher available nutrients. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Eggleston, Gillian; Klich, Maren; Antoine, April; Beltz, Shannon] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Viator, Ryan] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Lab, Houma, LA 70360 USA. RP Eggleston, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM gillian.eggleston@ars.usda.gov FU American Sugar Cane League FX The authors thank Mr. Eldwin St. Cyr for excellent technical assistance and Mr. Anthony DeLucca for useful discussions. The American Sugar Cane League is gratefully acknowledged for funding this research. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 57 BP 69 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.03.036 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AI4HM UT WOS:000336826300009 ER PT J AU Agrawal, S Kelkenberg, M Begum, K Steinfeld, L Williams, CE Kramer, KJ Beeman, RW Park, Y Muthukrishnan, S Merzendorfer, H AF Agrawal, Sinu Kelkenberg, Marco Begum, Khurshida Steinfeld, Lea Williams, Clay E. Kramer, Karl J. Beeman, Richard W. Park, Yoonseong Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam Merzendorfer, Hans TI Two essential peritrophic matrix proteins mediate matrix barrier functions in the insect midgut SO INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dextrans; Chitin; Insect; Fat body; Midgut; Peritrophic matrix proteins; Permeability; Red flour beetle; RNA interference; Tribolium castaneum ID LARVAL TRICHOPLUSIA-NI; TRIBOLIUM-CASTANEUM; AEDES-AEGYPTI; MEMBRANE-STRUCTURE; PARASITE CHITINASE; MOSQUITO; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSCRIPTOME; PERMEABILITY; PROTEASE AB The peritrophic matrix (PM) in the midgut of insects consists primarily of chitin and proteins and is thought to support digestion and provide protection from abrasive food particles and enteric pathogens. We examined the physiological roles of 11 putative peritrophic matrix protein (PMP) genes of the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (TcPMPs). TcPMP genes are differentially expressed along the length of the midgut epithelium of feeding larvae. RNAi of individual PMP genes revealed no abnormal developmental phenotypes for 9 of the 11 TcPMPs. However, RNAi for two PMP genes, TcPMP3 and TcPMP5-B, resulted in depletion of the fat body, growth arrest, molting defects and mortality. In situ permeability assays after oral administration of different-sized FITC-dextran beads demonstrated that the exclusion size of the larval peritrophic matrix (PM) decreases progressively from >2 MDa to <4 kDa from the anterior to the most posterior regions of the midgut. In the median midguts of control larvae, 2 MDa dextrans were completely retained within the PM lumen, whereas after RNAi for TcPMP3 and TcPMP5-B, these dextrans penetrated the epithelium of the median midgut, indicating loss of structural integrity and barrier function of the larval PM. In contrast, RNAi for TcPMP5-B, but not RNAi for TcPMP3, resulted in breakdown of impermeability to 4 and 40 kDa dextrans in the PM of the posterior midgut. These results suggest that specific PMPs are involved in the regulation of PM permeability, and that a gradient of barrier function is essential for survival and fat body maintenance. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Agrawal, Sinu; Williams, Clay E.; Kramer, Karl J.; Muthukrishnan, Subbaratnam] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biophys, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kelkenberg, Marco; Steinfeld, Lea; Merzendorfer, Hans] Univ Osnabruck, Dept Biol, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. [Begum, Khurshida; Park, Yoonseong] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Kramer, Karl J.; Beeman, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Merzendorfer, H (reprint author), Univ Osnabruck, Dept Biol Chem, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany. EM smk@ksu.edu; merzendorfer@biologie.uni-osnabrueck.de FU NSF [IOS-1022227, Me2210/2-2]; Government of the State of Lower Saxonia, Germany; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station [14-017-J] FX We thank Margret Duvel for help with cloning of TcPMP genes and dsRNA syntheses. We thank Kathy Leonard for rearing and supplying the insects used in this study and Beibei Li for some of the RNAi studies. We are grateful to New England Biolabs, Inc. for providing the pSNAP-CBD plasmid. This work was supported by NSF Grant IOS-1022227 to S.M. and DFG Grant Me2210/2-2 to H.M. M.K. was supported by a Lichtenberg fellowship by the Government of the State of Lower Saxonia, Germany. This is contribution 14-017-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 47 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0965-1748 EI 1879-0240 J9 INSECT BIOCHEM MOLEC JI Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 49 BP 24 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.ibmb.2014.03.009 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA AI2TS UT WOS:000336711600003 PM 24680676 ER PT J AU Leach, CA Thomas, MW Cooley, AJ Waldbieser, GC Bosworth, BG Torrans, EL Khoo, LH AF Leach, C. A. Thomas, M. W. Cooley, A. J. Waldbieser, G. C. Bosworth, B. G. Torrans, E. L. Khoo, L. H. TI Histological and computed tomographic evaluation of a parasitic conjoined twin in hybrid catfish Ictalurus punctatus[Rafinesque] X Ictalurus furcatus [Lesueur]) SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE genetic analysis; histology; conjoined twins; tomography; radiography; hybrid catfish ID SIAMESE-TWINS; TRIPLETS; TILAPIA; SALMON; TROUT AB There is growing use of hybrid catfish (Ictalurus punctatus female X Ictalurus furcatus male) in commercial aquaculture to utilize hybrid vigour to improve production A conjoined twin specimen found during the course of production studies by the United States Department of Agriculture Catfish Genetic Research Unit (USDA-CGRU) was submitted to the Aquatic Research and Diagnostic Laboratory (ARDL). After preliminary inspection, it was transported to Mississippi State University, College of Veterinary Medicine for further evaluation. The specimen was examined using both computed radiography and computed tomography antemortem. Following humane euthanasia, the specimen was examined both grossly and histologically. Tissues from both fish were also submitted for genetic analysis to determine whether twins were derived from the same egg. This report records the presentation and examination of a pair of conjoined hybrid catfish (I.punctatus X Ictalurus furcatus). C1 [Leach, C. A.; Khoo, L. H.] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Coll Vet Med, Stoneville, MS USA. [Thomas, M. W.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Clin Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Cooley, A. J.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Waldbieser, G. C.; Bosworth, B. G.; Torrans, E. L.] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Leach, CA (reprint author), Forest Anim Hosp, 1220 West Third St, Forest, MS 39074 USA. EM dr.c.a.leach@gmail.com FU Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES) FX This research is supported by the Mississippi State University College of Veterinary Medicine and Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES). This manuscript has been approved for publication as Journal Article No. J-12274 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experimental Station, Mississippi State University. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 EI 1365-2761 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 37 IS 6 BP 521 EP 526 DI 10.1111/jfd.12140 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA AG6OB UT WOS:000335536900002 PM 23991936 ER PT J AU Gaffney-Stomberg, E Cao, JJ Lin, GG Wulff, CR Murphy, NE Young, AJ McClung, JP Pasiakos, SM AF Gaffney-Stomberg, Erin Cao, Jay J. Lin, Gregory G. Wulff, Charles R. Murphy, Nancy E. Young, Andrew J. McClung, James P. Pasiakos, Stefan M. TI Dietary Protein Level and Source Differentially Affect Bone Metabolism, Strength, and Intestinal Calcium Transporter Expression during Ad Libitum and Food-Restricted Conditions in Male Rats SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; WEIGHT-LOSS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; YOUNG-WOMEN; FEMALE RATS; ENERGY; MASS; SUPPLEMENTATION; REDUCTION AB High-protein (HP) diets may attenuate bone loss during energy restriction. The objective of the current study was to determine whether HP diets suppress bone turnover and improve bone quality in male rats during food restriction and whether dietary protein source affects this relation. Eighty 12-wk-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to consume 1 of 4 study diets under ad libitum (AL) control or restricted conditions [40% food restriction (FR)]: 1) 10% [normal-protein (NP)] milk protein; 2 32% (HP) milk protein; 10% (NP) soy protein; or 4) 32% (HP) soy protein. After 16 wk, markers of bone turnover, volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD), microarchitecture, strength, and expression of duodenal calcium channels were assessed. FR increased bone turnover and resulted in lower femoral trabecular bone volume (P < 0.05), higher cortical bone surface (P < 0.001), and reduced femur length (P < 0.01), bending moment (P < 0.05), and moment of inertia (P = 0.001) compared with AL. HP intake reduced bone turnover and tended to suppress parathyroid hormone (PTH) (P = 0.06) and increase trabecular vBMD (P < 0.05) compared with NP but did not affect bone strength. Compared with milk, soy suppressed PTH (P < 0.05) and increased cortical vBMD (P < 0.05) and calcium content of the femur (P < 0.01) but did not affect strength variables. During AL conditions, transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 6 was higher for soy than milk (P < 0.05) and HP compared with NP (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that both HP and soy diets suppress PTH, and HP attenuates bone turnover and increases vBMD regardless of FR, although these differences do not affect bone strength. The effects of HP and soy may be due in part to enhanced intestinal calcium transporter expression. C1 [Gaffney-Stomberg, Erin; Lin, Gregory G.; Wulff, Charles R.; Murphy, Nancy E.; Young, Andrew J.; McClung, James P.; Pasiakos, Stefan M.] US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Cao, Jay J.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Pasiakos, SM (reprint author), US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM stefan.pasiakos@us.army.mil RI Pasiakos, Stefan/E-6295-2014 OI Pasiakos, Stefan/0000-0002-5378-5820 FU U.S. Army Military Research and Material Command; Dairy Research Institute; USDA Agricultural Research Service program [5450-51000-046-00D] FX Supported in part by the U.S. Army Military Research and Material Command, the Dairy Research Institute, and appointments to the U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (to E G-S., G.G.L., and C R W) through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command. J J.C. was supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service program "Bone Metabolism in Obesity" Current Research Information System no. 5450-51000-046-00D The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Army or the Department of Defense. Any citations of commercial organizations and trade names in this report do not constitute an official Department of the Army endorsement of approval of the products or services of these organizations. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 144 IS 6 BP 821 EP 829 DI 10.3945/jn.113.188532 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AH9LZ UT WOS:000336465200006 PM 24717364 ER PT J AU Martinez, SM Greenspan, LC Butte, NF Gregorich, SE De Groat, CL Deardorff, J Penilla, C Pasch, LA Flores, E Tschann, JM AF Martinez, Suzanna M. Greenspan, Louise C. Butte, Nancy F. Gregorich, Steven E. De Groat, Cynthia L. Deardorff, Julianna Penilla, Carlos Pasch, Lauri A. Flores, Elena Tschann, Jeanne M. TI Mother-reported sleep, accelerometer-estimated sleep and weight status in Mexican American children: sleep duration is associated with increased adiposity and risk for overweight/obese status SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mexican American; paediatric obesity; parent report; sleep measurement; reliability ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; ACCULTURATION; INFLAMMATION; METAANALYSIS; PATTERNS; HEALTH AB We know of no studies comparing parent-reported sleep with accelerometer-estimated sleep in their relation to paediatric adiposity. We examined: (i) the reliability of mother-reported sleep compared with accelerometer-estimated sleep; and (ii) the relationship between both sleep measures and child adiposity. The current cross-sectional study included 303 Mexican American mother-child pairs recruited from Kaiser Permanente Northern California. We measured sleep duration using maternal report and accelerometry and child anthropometrics. Concordance between sleep measures was evaluated using the Bland-Altman method. We conducted zero-ordered correlations between mother-reported sleep, accelerometer-estimated sleep and child BMI z-scores (BMIz). Using linear regression, we examined three models to assess child BMIz with mother-reported sleep (model 1), accelerometer-estimated sleep (model 2) and both sleep measures (model 3). Children had an average age of 8.86years (SD=0.82). Mothers reported that their child slept 9.81 +/- 0.74h [95% confidence interval (CI): 9.72, 9.89], compared to 9.58 +/- 0.71h (95% CI: 9.50, 9.66) based on accelerometry. Mother-reported sleep and accelerometer-estimated sleep were correlated (r=0.33, P<0.001). BMIz outcomes were associated negatively with mother-reported sleep duration (model 1: =-0.13; P=0.02) and accelerometer-estimated sleep duration (model 2: =-0.17; P<0.01). Accounting for both sleep measures, only accelerometer-measured sleep was related to BMIz (model 3: =-0.14, P=0.02). Each sleep measure was related significantly to adiposity, independent of covariates. Accelerometry appeared to be a more reliable measure of children's sleep than maternal report, yet maternal report may be sufficient to examine the sleep-adiposity relationship when resources are limited. C1 [Martinez, Suzanna M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gen Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Greenspan, Louise C.] Kaiser Permanente, San Francisco, CA USA. [Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gregorich, Steven E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [De Groat, Cynthia L.; Pasch, Lauri A.; Tschann, Jeanne M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA USA. [Deardorff, Julianna; Penilla, Carlos] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Flores, Elena] Univ San Francisco, Sch Educ, Dept Counseling Psychol, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA. RP Martinez, SM (reprint author), Univ CA San Francisco, Sch Med, Div Gen Pediat, 3333 Calif St,Suite 245, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM suzanna.martinez@ucsf.edu FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [R01 HL084404] FX This research was support by grant no. R01 HL084404 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute awarded to J. M. Tschann. We thank Jennifer Cho, Irene Takahashi and the Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, which approved access to members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California. We would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful review and suggested revisions. NR 39 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1105 EI 1365-2869 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 326 EP 334 DI 10.1111/jsr.12114 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA AH8HZ UT WOS:000336379700013 PM 24329818 ER PT J AU Gipson, C AF Gipson, Chester TI A word from USDA SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Gipson, C (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, AC, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 EI 1548-4475 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 6 BP 194 EP 194 PG 1 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AH9QC UT WOS:000336475900018 PM 24845002 ER PT J AU Hooper, SE Amelon, SK AF Hooper, Sarah E. Amelon, Sybil K. TI Handling and blood collection in the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article AB Bats are useful animal models for the study of unique physiological mechanisms such as echolocation and sensory integration as well, as for research on white-nose syndrome. These studies may involve collecting blood samples from bats. This column describes safe techniques for restraint, weighing, fluid administration and blood collection from the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus). C1 [Hooper, Sarah E.] Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Amelon, Sybil K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. RP Hooper, SE (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sarahdvm.ugamizzou@gmail.com OI Hooper, Sarah/0000-0003-1150-2500 NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 EI 1548-4475 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 43 IS 6 BP 197 EP 199 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AH9QC UT WOS:000336475900020 PM 24845004 ER PT J AU Falkenberg, SM Ridpath, J Vander Ley, B Bauermann, FV Sanchez, NCB Carroll, JA AF Falkenberg, S. M. Ridpath, J. Vander Ley, B. Bauermann, F. V. Sanchez, N. C. Burdick Carroll, J. A. TI Comparison of temperature fluctuations at multiple anatomical locations in cattle during exposure to bovine viral diarrhea virus SO LIVESTOCK SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bovine viral diarrhea virus; Temperature; Anatomical location ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; BODY-TEMPERATURE; EXPERIMENTAL-INFECTION; LOW-VIRULENCE; CALVES; RESPONSES; ANTIGEN; LESIONS; STRAIN AB Rectal temperature is generally considered the "gold standard" for monitoring temperature changes associated with environmental, immunological or endocrine stimuli in cattle. With the development of new telemetry systems, other anatomical locations and methods can be utilized to help continuously monitor changes in temperature. The primary objective of this study was to compare basal body temperature obtained from multiple anatomical locations to rectal temperature readings during exposure of cattle to bovine viral diarrhea virus. Anatomically the locations chosen to compare body temperature values were the rectum, rumen, peritoneal cavity, and subcutaneous. Results from the study demonstrate that there were no differences (P > 0.05) among body temperatures recorded at these distinct anatomical locations, and that the temperatures followed a similar response pattern. Advantages and disadvantages were also noted for each of the temperature devices used in the study. The ability to continuously monitor data at over the course of an infection provides the ability to assess signs of clinical illness without inducing changes associated with handling the animals to obtain temperature measurements. Efficiently determining the health status of an animal without introducing artificial changes in body temperature could aid in the development of alternative management practices that would help reduce the cost associated with medication, production losses due to unneeded handling, and more accurate diagnosis of disease. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Falkenberg, S. M.; Ridpath, J.; Bauermann, F. V.] ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Vander Ley, B.] Univ Missouri, Coll Vet Med, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Sanchez, N. C. Burdick; Carroll, J. A.] ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, USDA, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Falkenberg, SM (reprint author), ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM shollie.f@live.com NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-1413 EI 1878-0490 J9 LIVEST SCI JI Livest. Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 164 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.livsci.2014.03.018 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AH9OE UT WOS:000336470900021 ER PT J AU Yun, L Larson, SR Mott, IW Jensen, KB Staub, JE AF Yun, Lan Larson, Steve R. Mott, Ivan W. Jensen, Kevin B. Staub, Jack E. TI Genetic control of rhizomes and genomic localization of a major-effect growth habit QTL in perennial wildrye SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Auxin signaling; Grasses; Gravitropism; Perenniality; Phototropism; Rhizomes ID PLANT-GROWTH; LINKAGE MAPS; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; APICAL DOMINANCE; ELYTRIGIA-REPENS; LEYMUS-WILDRYES; AUXIN RESPONSE; GRAIN CROPS; RICE AB Rhizomes are prostrate subterranean stems that provide primitive mechanisms of vegetative dispersal, survival, and regrowth of perennial grasses and other monocots. The extent of rhizome proliferation varies greatly among grasses, being absent in cereals and other annuals, strictly confined in caespitose perennials, or highly invasive in some perennial weeds. However, genetic studies of rhizome proliferation are limited and genes controlling rhizomatous growth habit have not been elucidated. Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling rhizome spreading were compared in reciprocal backcross populations derived from hybrids of rhizomatous creeping wildrye (Leymus triticoides) and caespitose basin wildrye (L. cinereus), which are perennial relatives of wheat. Two recessive QTLs were unique to the creeping wildrye backcross, one dominant QTL was unique to the basin wildrye backcross, and one additive QTL was detectable in reciprocal backcrosses with high log odds (LOD = 31.6) in the basin wildrye background. The dominant QTL located on linkage group (LG)-2a was aligned to a dominant rhizome orthogene (Rhz3) of perennial rice (Oryza longistamina) and perennial sorghum (Sorghum propinquum). Nonparametric 99 % confidence bounds of the 31.6-LOD QTL were localized to a distal 3.8-centiMorgan region of LG-6a, which corresponds to a 0.7-Mb region of Brachypodium Chromosome 3 containing 106 genes. An Aux/IAA auxin signal factor gene was located at the 31.6-LOD peak, which could explain the gravitropic and aphototropic behavior of rhizomes. Findings elucidate genetic mechanisms controlling rhizome development and architectural growth habit differences among plant species. Results have possible applications to improve perennial forage and turf grasses, extend the vegetative life cycle of annual cereals, such as wheat, or control the invasiveness of highly rhizomatous weeds such as quackgrass (Elymus repens). C1 [Yun, Lan; Larson, Steve R.; Mott, Ivan W.; Jensen, Kevin B.; Staub, Jack E.] Utah State Univ, ARS, FRRL, USDA, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Yun, Lan] Inner Mongolia Agr Univ, Hohhot 010019, Peoples R China. RP Larson, SR (reprint author), Utah State Univ, ARS, FRRL, USDA, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Steve.Larson@ars.usda.gov NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 34 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 EI 1617-4623 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD JUN PY 2014 VL 289 IS 3 BP 383 EP 397 DI 10.1007/s00438-014-0817-5 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AI2ZU UT WOS:000336728600011 PM 24509730 ER PT J AU Postnikova, OA Shao, J Nemchinov, LG AF Postnikova, Olga A. Shao, Jonathan Nemchinov, Lev G. TI In silico identification of transcription factors in Medicago sativa using available transcriptomic resources SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Alfalfa; Medicago sativa; Transcription factors; Phylogeny ID GENOME-WIDE CLASSIFICATION; GENERATION SEQUENCING DATA; FACTOR FAMILY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FACTOR SUPERFAMILY; GENE FAMILY; TRUNCATULA; STRESS; DOMAIN; EVOLUTION AB Transcription factors (TFs) are proteins that govern organismal development and response to the environment by regulating gene expression. Information on the amount and diversity of TFs within individual plant species is critical for understanding of their biological roles and evolutionary history across the plant kingdom. Currently, only scattered information on separate TFs is available for alfalfa, the most extensively cultivated forage legume in the world. In the meantime, several large transcriptomic resources that can be used to identify and characterize alfalfa TF genes are freely accessible online. In this study, we have performed an in silico analysis of transcriptome data generated in our laboratory and publicly acquirable from other sources to reveal and systematize alfalfa transcription factors. Transcriptome-wide mining enabled prediction of 983 TFs along with their sequence features and putative phylogenies of the largest families. All data were assembled into a simple open-access database named AlfalfaTFDB (http://plantpathology.ba.ars.usda.gov/alfalfatfdb.html). Transcriptomic analysis used in this work represents an effective approach for the identification of TF genes in plants with incomplete genomes, such as alfalfa. Integrated TF repertoires of Medicago sativa will provide an important tool for studying regulation of gene expression in other complex non-model species of agricultural significance. C1 [Postnikova, Olga A.; Shao, Jonathan; Nemchinov, Lev G.] USDA, Mol Plant Pathol, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nemchinov, LG (reprint author), USDA, Mol Plant Pathol, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lev.nemchinov@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 EI 1617-4623 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD JUN PY 2014 VL 289 IS 3 BP 457 EP 468 DI 10.1007/s00438-014-0823-7 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AI2ZU UT WOS:000336728600017 PM 24556904 ER PT J AU Martin, LM Polley, HW Daneshgar, PP Harris, MA Wilsey, BJ AF Martin, Leanne M. Polley, H. Wayne Daneshgar, Pedram P. Harris, Mary A. Wilsey, Brian J. TI Biodiversity, photosynthetic mode, and ecosystem services differ between native and novel ecosystems SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Exotic species; Invasive species; C-3 photosynthesis; C-4 photosynthesis; C-4:C-3 proportions ID FUNCTIONAL TYPES; NORTH-AMERICA; MIXED PRAIRIE; GREAT-PLAINS; ALIEN PLANTS; C-4; COMMUNITIES; GRASSLANDS; IMPACTS; PRODUCTIVITY AB Human activities have caused non-native plant species with novel ecological interactions to persist on landscapes, and it remains controversial whether these species alter multiple aspects of communities and ecosystems. We tested whether native and exotic grasslands differ in species diversity, ecosystem services, and an important aspect of functional diversity (C-3:C-4 proportions) by sampling 42 sites along a latitudinal gradient and conducting a controlled experiment. Exotic-dominated grasslands had drastically lower plant diversity and slightly higher tissue N concentrations and forage quality compared to native-dominated sites. Exotic sites were strongly dominated by C-4 species at southern and C-3 species at northern latitudes with a sharp transition at 36-38A degrees, whereas native sites contained C-3:C-4 mixtures. Large differences in C-3:C-4 proportions and temporal niche partitioning were found between native and exotic mixtures in the experiment, implying that differences in C-3:C-4 proportions along the latitudinal gradient are caused partially by species themselves. Our results indicate that the replacement of native- by exotic-dominated grasslands has created a management tradeoff (high diversity versus high levels of certain ecosystem services) and that models of global change impacts and C-3/C-4 distribution should consider effects of exotic species. C1 [Martin, Leanne M.; Wilsey, Brian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Polley, H. Wayne] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Daneshgar, Pedram P.] Monmouth Univ, Dept Biol, West Long Branch, NJ 07764 USA. [Harris, Mary A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Harris, Mary A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Martin, LM (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Kansas Biol Survey, 2101 Constant Ave, Lawrence, KS 66047 USA. EM martinlm@iastate.edu; bwilsey@iastate.edu OI Wilsey, Brian J./0000-0002-0628-5006 FU STAR Fellowship [91722701-0]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); NSF [DEB-0639417] FX This publication was developed under STAR Fellowship Assistance Agreement no. 91722701-0 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). It has not been formally reviewed by the EPA. The views expressed in this publication are solely those of the authors, and EPA does not endorse any products or commercial services mentioned in this publication. The field experiment was funded by the NSF (DEB-0639417). We thank The Nature Conservancy, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Guthrie County Conservation Board (Iowa), Missouri Department of Conservation, University of Kansas Field Station, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, USDA ARS, and private landowners for providing sites. Jim Raich and Brad Nelson provided laboratory assistance. NR 63 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 10 U2 84 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2014 VL 175 IS 2 BP 687 EP 697 DI 10.1007/s00442-014-2911-0 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH8HT UT WOS:000336378800022 PM 24584284 ER PT J AU Carrillo, Y Dijkstra, FA LeCain, D Morgan, JA Blumenthal, D Waldron, S Pendall, E AF Carrillo, Yolima Dijkstra, Feike A. LeCain, Dan Morgan, Jack A. Blumenthal, Dana Waldron, Sarah Pendall, Elise TI Disentangling root responses to climate change in a semiarid grassland SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Elevated CO2; Warming; Roots; Decomposition; Production; Death; Turnover; Morphology ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DECOMPOSITION RATES; LITTER DECOMPOSITION; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; GRAZED GRASSLAND; GLOBAL CHANGE; LEAF-LITTER; FINE ROOTS AB Future ecosystem properties of grasslands will be driven largely by belowground biomass responses to climate change, which are challenging to understand due to experimental and technical constraints. We used a multi-faceted approach to explore single and combined impacts of elevated CO2 and warming on root carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics in a temperate, semiarid, native grassland at the Prairie Heating and CO2 Enrichment experiment. To investigate the indirect, moisture mediated effects of elevated CO2, we included an irrigation treatment. We assessed root standing mass, morphology, residence time and seasonal appearance/disappearance of community-aggregated roots, as well as mass and N losses during decomposition of two dominant grass species (a C-3 and a C-4). In contrast to what is common in mesic grasslands, greater root standing mass under elevated CO2 resulted from increased production, unmatched by disappearance. Elevated CO2 plus warming produced roots that were longer, thinner and had greater surface area, which, together with greater standing biomass, could potentially alter root function and dynamics. Decomposition increased under environmental conditions generated by elevated CO2, but not those generated by warming, likely due to soil desiccation with warming. Elevated CO2, particularly under warming, slowed N release from C-4-but not C-3-roots, and consequently could indirectly affect N availability through treatment effects on species composition. Elevated CO2 and warming effects on root morphology and decomposition could offset increased C inputs from greater root biomass, thereby limiting future net C accrual in this semiarid grassland. C1 [Carrillo, Yolima; Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Carrillo, Yolima; Pendall, Elise] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Carrillo, Yolima; Dijkstra, Feike A.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia. [Carrillo, Yolima; Pendall, Elise] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. [LeCain, Dan; Morgan, Jack A.; Blumenthal, Dana] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Crops Res Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Waldron, Sarah] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Carrillo, Y (reprint author), Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, UWS Hawkesbury Campus,Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia. EM y.carrillo@uws.edu.au OI Pendall, Elise/0000-0002-1651-8969; Dijkstra, Feike/0000-0002-6191-6018 FU National Science Foundation [1021559 DEB]; USDA-CSRES Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program; Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University; Australian Research Council [FT100100779] FX We thank David Smith, Erik Hardy and Matthew Parsons for their technical assistance and Joanne Newcomb, Jennifer Bell, Hannah Munn, Courtney Ellis, Christine Rumsey, Jana Heisler-White, Sun Wei, Lyndsy Soltau, Lindsay Ross, Lana MacDonald, Janet Chen for assistance in the field and in the laboratory. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (Grant no. 1021559 DEB), USDA-CSRES Soil Processes Program (Grant no. 2008-35107-18655), the US Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program, the Western Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Northern Arizona University, and by the Australian Research Council (FT100100779). NR 70 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 114 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 EI 1432-1939 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JUN PY 2014 VL 175 IS 2 BP 699 EP 711 DI 10.1007/s00442-014-2912-z PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH8HT UT WOS:000336378800023 PM 24643718 ER PT J AU Cala, AC Ferreira, JFS Chagas, ACS Gonzalez, JM Rodrigues, RAF Foglio, MA Oliveira, MCS Sousa, IMO Magalhaes, PM Barioni, W AF Cala, Aida C. Ferreira, Jorge F. S. Chagas, Ana Carolina S. Gonzalez, Javier M. Rodrigues, Rodney A. F. Foglio, Mary Ann Oliveira, Marcia C. S. Sousa, Ilza M. O. Magalhaes, Pedro M. Barioni Junior, Waldomiro TI Anthelmintic activity of Artemisia annua L. extracts in vitro and the effect of an aqueous extract and artemisinin in sheep naturally infected with gastrointestinal nematodes SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Anthelmintic plants; Phytotherapy; Crude plant extracts; Metabolism; Haemonchus contortus ID HAEMONCHUS-CONTORTUS; ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY; RESISTANCE; FLAVONOIDS AB There is no effective natural alternative control for gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) of small ruminants, with Haemonchus contortus being the most economically important GIN. Despite frequent reports of multidrug-resistant GIN, there is no new commercial anthelmintic to substitute failing ones. Although trematocidal activity of artemisinin analogs has been reported in sheep, neither artemisinin nor its plant source (Artemisia annua) has been evaluated for anthelmintic activity in ruminants. This study evaluated the anthelmintic activity of A. annua crude extracts in vitro and compared the most effective extract with artemisinin in sheep naturally infected with H. contortus. A. annua leaves extracted with water, aqueous 0.1 % sodium bicarbonate, dichloromethane, and ethanol were evaluated in vitro by the egg hatch test (EHT) and with the bicarbonate extract only for the larval development test (LDT) using H. contortus. The A. annua water, sodium bicarbonate (SBE), ethanol, and dichloromethane extracts tested in vitro contained 0.3, 0.6, 4.4, and 9.8 % of artemisinin, respectively. The sodium bicarbonate extract resulted in the lowest LC99 in the EHT (1.27 mu g/mL) and in a LC99 of 23.8 mu g/mL in the LDT. Following in vitro results, the SBE (2 g/kg body weight (BW)) and artemisinin (100 mg/kg BW) were evaluated as a single oral dose in naturally infected Santa Ins sheep. Speciation from stool cultures established that 84-91 % of GIN were H. contortus, 8.4-15.6 % were Trichostrongylus sp., and 0.3-0.7 % were Oesophagostomum sp. Packed-cell volume and eggs per gram (EPG) of feces were used to test treatment efficacy. The SBE tested in vivo contained no artemisinin, but had a high antioxidant capacity of 2,295 mu mol of Trolox equivalents/g. Sheep dosed with artemisinin had maximum feces concentrations 24 h after treatment (126.5 mu g/g artemisinin), which sharply decreased at 36 h. By day 15, only levamisole-treated sheep had a significant decrease of 97 % in EPG. Artemisinin-treated and SBE-treated sheep had nonsignificant EPG reductions of 28 and 19 %, respectively, while sheep in infected/untreated group had an average EPG increase of 95 %. Sheep treated with artemisinin and A. annua SBE maintained blood hematocrits throughout the experiment, while untreated/infected controls had a significant reduction in hematocrit. This is the first time oral dose of artemisinin and an aqueous extract of A. annua are evaluated as anthelmintic in sheep. Although oral dose of artemisinin and SBE, at single doses, were ineffective natural anthelmintics, artemisinin analogs with better bioavailability than artemisinin should be tested in vivo, through different routes and in multiple doses. The maintenance of hematocrit provided by artemisinin and A. annua extract and the high antioxidant capacity of the latter suggest that they could be combined with commercial anthelmintics to improve the well-being of infected animals and to evaluate potential synergism. C1 [Cala, Aida C.] Inst Invest Agr Mocambique, Maputo 3658, Mozambique. [Ferreira, Jorge F. S.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Farming Syst Res Ctr, Beaver, WV 25813 USA. [Chagas, Ana Carolina S.; Oliveira, Marcia C. S.; Barioni Junior, Waldomiro] Brazilian Agr Res Corp, Embrapa Southeast Livestock, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Gonzalez, Javier M.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rodrigues, Rodney A. F.; Foglio, Mary Ann; Sousa, Ilza M. O.; Magalhaes, Pedro M.] Univ Estadual Campinas, CPQBA, BR-13081970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. RP Ferreira, JFS (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Jorge.Ferreira@ars.usda.gov; carolina.chagas@embrapa.br RI Foglio, mary/B-9149-2012; Oliveira, Marcia/K-3995-2014; Rodrigues, Rodney/C-7734-2012; Chagas, A. C. S./H-7751-2013; OI Foglio, mary/0000-0001-7715-4452; Oliveira, Marcia/0000-0002-7038-4607; Chagas, A. C. S./0000-0003-3939-0088; Ferreira, Jorge F.S./0000-0003-4550-6761 FU Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa); FAPESP; CNPq FX This work received financial support from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa) and scholarships and work grants from FAPESP and CNPq. The authors are highly thankful to MSc. Rodrigo Giglioti from Unesp, Dr. Glyn M. Figueira from the University of Campinas, and Dr. Moacir R. Forim from the University of Sao Carlos for their assistance in this study. Acknowledgements are due to Dr. John Phillips (USDA-ARS) and Dr. Aida Jimenez (University of Charleston, Beckley-WV) for the advice with the statistical analysis and to Mr. Barry Harter, Robert Arnold, and Mrs. J. Diane Snuffer (USDA-ARS) for their help with the chromatographic analyses and figures. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 113 IS 6 BP 2345 EP 2353 DI 10.1007/s00436-014-3891-z PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AH8XX UT WOS:000336422600039 PM 24802864 ER PT J AU He, YJ Kumar, P Shen, XL Davis, RF Van Becelaere, G May, OL Nichols, RL Chee, PW AF He, Yajun Kumar, Pawan Shen, Xinlian Davis, Richard F. Van Becelaere, Guillermo May, O. Lloyd Nichols, Robert L. Chee, Peng W. TI Re-evaluation of the inheritance for root-knot nematode resistance in the Upland cotton germplasm line M-120 RNR revealed two epistatic QTLs conferring resistance SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; ALLOTETRAPLOID COTTON; SSR MARKERS; TRANSGRESSIVE SEGREGATION; MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; LINKAGE MAP; REGISTRATION; IDENTIFICATION; CHROMOSOMES; PENETRATION AB We report a second major QTL for root-knot nematode resistance in the highly resistant Upland cotton line M-120RNR and show epistasis between two resistant QTLs with different mechanisms conferring resistance. In an earlier study, we identified a major QTL on Chromosome 11 associated with resistance to root-knot nematode in the M-120 RNR Upland cotton line (Gossypium hirsutum L.) of the Auburn 623 RNR source. Herein, we re-evaluated the genetics of the resistance to root-knot nematode in the M-120 RNR x Pima S-6 population by linkage mapping using recently published SSR markers. The QTL analysis detected two regions significantly associated with the resistance phenotype. In addition to the QTL previously identified on Chromosome 11 (qMi-C11), a major QTL was identified on Chromosome 14 (qMi-C14). The resistance locus on qMi-C11 originated from the Clevewilt parent, while the qMi-C14 locus originated from the other resistant parent, Mexico Wild Jack Jones. The qMi-C14 locus had logarithms of odds score of 17 and accounted for 45 % of the total phenotype variation in egg production. It was also associated with galling index, but the percent variation explained was only 6 %, suggesting that the qMi-C11 locus had a much stronger effect on root gall suppression than egg production, while the qMi-C14 locus had a stronger effect on egg production than galling. The results also suggest that the transgressive segregation observed in the development of Auburn 623 RNR was due to the pyramiding of at least two main effect QTLs as well as an additive-by-additive epistatic effects between the two resistant loci. The SSRs markers tightly linked to the qMi-C11 and qMi-C14 loci will greatly facilitate the improvement of RKN resistance in cotton via marker-assisted breeding. C1 [He, Yajun; Kumar, Pawan; Shen, Xinlian; Van Becelaere, Guillermo; Chee, Peng W.] Univ Georgia, Cotton Mol Breeding Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Davis, Richard F.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [May, O. Lloyd] Delta & Pine Land Co, GA Res Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Nichols, Robert L.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Chee, PW (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Cotton Mol Breeding Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM pwchee@uga.edu FU Georgia Cotton Commission; Cotton Incorporated FX We thank the Zhang lab for SSR primer sequences; Jennifer McCurdy and Rippy Singh for technical assistance; Ed Lubbers for valuable comments; and gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Georgia Cotton Commission and Cotton Incorporated. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 127 IS 6 BP 1343 EP 1351 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2302-2 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AI3JC UT WOS:000336756200006 PM 24728014 ER PT J AU Lu, Y Wang, MN Chen, XM See, D Chao, SM Jing, JX AF Lu, Yan Wang, Meinan Chen, Xianming See, Deven Chao, Shiaoman Jing, Jinxue TI Mapping of Yr62 and a small-effect QTL for high-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in spring wheat PI 192252 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; SEEDLING RESISTANCE; DURABLE RESISTANCE; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; BREAD WHEAT; LEAF RUST; CULTIVARS AB This manuscript reports a new gene (Yr62) and a small-effect QTL for potentially durable resistance to stripe rust and usefulness of Yr62 markers for marker-assisted selection. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a devastating disease of wheat worldwide. Spring wheat germplasm PI 192252 showed a high level of high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance to stripe rust in germplasm evaluation over 8 years in the State of Washington. To elucidate the genetic basis of resistance, PI 192252 was crossed with 'Avocet susceptible'. A mapping population of 150 F-5 recombinant inbred lines was developed using single-seed descent. Stripe rust tests were conducted with selected Pst races in a greenhouse and in field conditions under natural infections. The relative area under the disease progress curve (rAUDPC) data showed continuous distributions, indicating that HTAP resistance of PI 192252 was controlled by quantitative trait loci (QTL). Two QTL were identified in PI 192252, explaining 74.2 % of the total phenotypic variation for rAUDPC. These two QTL were mapped to chromosomes 4BL (QYrPI192252.wgp-4BL) and 5BS (QYrPI192252.wgp-5BS) with SSR and SNP markers and explained 40-60 and 22-27 %, respectively, of the phenotypic variation across the four environments. Because the major-effect QTL on 4BL is different from previously named Yr genes and inherited as a single gene, it is named Yr62. The SSR marker alleles Xgwm192 (222) and Xgwm251 (133) flanking Yr62 were different from the alleles in various wheat varieties, suggesting that these markers could be useful in marker-assisted selection for incorporating Yr62 into commercial cultivars. C1 [Lu, Yan; Jing, Jinxue] Northwest A&F Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yan; Jing, Jinxue] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lu, Yan; Wang, Meinan; Chen, Xianming; See, Deven] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming; See, Deven] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu RI WANG, Meinan/P-5671-2014 OI WANG, Meinan/0000-0001-9595-3995 FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington State University [13C-3061-5665, 13Z-3061-6665]; PPNS [0650]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project [WNP00663]; Washington State University, Pullman, USA [WA 99164-6430]; Northwest A&F University Plant Pathology [2013CB127700, B07049]; China Scholarship Council FX This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project No. 5348-22000-015-00D) and Washington State University (Project No. 13C-3061-5665 and 13Z-3061-6665) PPNS No. 0650, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project Number WNP00663, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA. The research is also part of the Northwest A&F University Plant Pathology the "973" project (2013CB127700) and "111'' Project (B07049). The China Scholarship Council scholarship to Yan Lu is greatly appreciated. We thank Dr. Robert McIntosh and Dr. Mike Pumphrey for critical review of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 15 Z9 22 U1 4 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 127 IS 6 BP 1449 EP 1459 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2312-0 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AI3JC UT WOS:000336756200015 PM 24781075 ER PT J AU Traesel, CK Silva, MSE Weiss, M Spilki, FR Weiblen, R Flores, EF AF Traesel, Carolina Kist Sa e Silva, Mariana Weiss, Marcelo Spilki, Fernando Rosado Weiblen, Rudi Flores, Eduardo Furtado TI Genetic diversity of 3' region of glycoprotein D gene of bovine herpesvirus 1 and 5 SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE BoHV-1; BoHV-5; gD; Phylogeny; Meningoencephalitis ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; VIRAL DIARRHEA VIRUS; NEUROLOGICAL DISEASE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; TYPE-1; ENTRY; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; INFECTION; GENOME; CATTLE AB Bovine herpesviruses 1 (BoHV-1) and 5 (BoHV-5) are closely related alphaherpesviruses of cattle. While BoHV-1 is mainly associated with respiratory/genital disease and rarely associated with neurological disease, BoHV-5 is the primary agent of meningoencephalitis in cattle. The envelope glycoprotein D of alphaherpesviruses (BoHV-1/gD1 and BoHV-5/gD5) is involved in the early steps of virus infection and may influence virus tropism and neuropathogenesis. This study performed a sequence analysis of the 3' region of gD gene (gD3') of BoHV-1 isolates recovered from respiratory/genital disease (n = 6 and reference strain Cooper) or from neurological disease (n = 7); and from seven typical neurological BoHV-5 isolates. After PCR amplification, nucleotide (nt) sequencing, and aminoacid (aa) sequence prediction; gD3' sequences were compared, identity levels were calculated, and selective pressure was analyzed. The phylogenetic reconstruction based on nt and aa sequences allowed for a clear differentiation of BoHV-1 (n = 14) and BoHV-5 (n = 7) clusters. The seven BoHV-1 isolates from neurological disease are grouped within the BoHV-1 branch. A consistent alignment of 346 nt revealed a high similarity within each viral species (gD1 = 98.3 % nt and aa; gD5 = 97.8 % nt and 85.8 % aa) and an expected lower similarity between gD1 and gD5 (73.7 and 64.1 %, nt and aa, respectively). The analysis of molecular evolution revealed an average negative selection at gD3'. Thus, the phylogeny and similarity levels allowed for differentiation of BoHV-1 and BoHV-5 species, but not further division in subspecies. Sequence analysis did not allow for the identification of genetic differences in gD3' potentially associated with the respective clinical/pathological phenotypes, yet revealed a lower level of gD3' conservation than previously reported. C1 [Traesel, Carolina Kist] Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, LMIVV, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6, Canada. [Sa e Silva, Mariana] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Weiss, Marcelo; Weiblen, Rudi; Flores, Eduardo Furtado] Univ Fed Santa Maria, Dept Med Vet Prevent, Setor Virol, BR-97105900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. [Spilki, Fernando Rosado] Univ Feevale, Lab Microbiol Mol, BR-93352000 Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil. RP Traesel, CK (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med Vet, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, LMIVV, 3200 Rue Sicotte, St Hyacinthe, PQ J2S 7C6, Canada. EM ninak13l@yahoo.com.br RI Weiblen, Rudi/H-7003-2014; Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012; Spilki, Fernando/E-3736-2010; flores, eduardo/H-5125-2016 OI Weiblen, Rudi/0000-0002-1737-9817; Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210; Spilki, Fernando/0000-0001-5804-7045; FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This study was supported by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). E. F. Flores, R. Weiblen, and F. R. Spilki are CNPq research fellows. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 EI 1572-994X J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD JUN PY 2014 VL 48 IS 3 BP 438 EP 447 DI 10.1007/s11262-014-1040-5 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA AH8PG UT WOS:000336399600004 PM 24482291 ER PT J AU Qin, JW Chao, KL Kim, MS AF Qin, Jianwei Chao, Kuanglin Kim, Moon S. TI A Line-Scan Hyperspectral System for High-Throughput Raman Chemical Imaging SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; Chemical imaging; Line laser; Milk ID SPECTROSCOPY; ILLUMINATION AB A line-scan hyperspectral system was developed to enable Raman chemical imaging for large sample areas. A custom-designed 785 nm line laser based on a scanning mirror serves as an excitation source. A 45 degrees dichroic beam splitter reflects the laser light to form a 24 cm x 1 mm excitation line normally incident on the sample surface. Raman signals along the laser line are collected by a detection module consisting of a dispersive imaging spectrograph and a CCD camera. A hypercube is accumulated line by line as a motorized table moves the samples transversely through the laser line. The system covers a Raman shift range of -648.7 to 2889.0 cm(-1) and a 23 cm wide area. An example application for authenticating milk powder is presented to demonstrate the system performance. In 4 min the system acquired a 512 x 110 x 1024 hypercube (56 320 spectra) from four, 47 mm diameter Petri dishes containing four powder samples. Chemical images were created for detecting two adulterants (melamine and dicyandiamide) that had been mixed into the milk powder. C1 [Qin, Jianwei; Chao, Kuanglin; Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Chao, KL (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM kevin.chao@ars.usda.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 5320 SPECTRUM DRIVE SUITE C, FREDERICK, MD 21703 USA SN 0003-7028 EI 1943-3530 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 68 IS 6 BP 692 EP 695 DI 10.1366/13-07411 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA AH6JH UT WOS:000336236700011 PM 25014726 ER PT J AU Naumann, TA Wicklow, DT Price, NPJ AF Naumann, Todd A. Wicklow, Donald T. Price, Neil P. J. TI Polyglycine hydrolases secreted by Pleosporineae fungi that target the linker region of plant class IV chitinases SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cleavage-site specificity; exosite interaction; host-pathogen interaction; plant defence; protease; proteinase ID MAIZE SEED; SPECIFICITY; TRUNCATION; SUBSTRATE; PROTEINS AB Cmps (chitinase-modifying proteins) are fungal proteases that truncate plant class IV chitinases by cleaving near their N-termini. We previously described Fv-cmp, a fungalysin protease that cleaves a conserved glycine cysteine bond within the hevein domain. In the present paper we describe a new type of cmp, polyglycine hydrolases, as proteases that selectively cleave glycine glycine peptide bonds within the polyglycine linker of plant class IV chitinases. Polyglycine hydrolases were purified from Cochliobolus carbonum (syn. Bipolaris zeicola; Bz-cmp) and Epicoccum sorghi (syn. Phoma sorghina; Es-cmp) and were shown to cleave three different maize class IV chitinase substrates. The proteolytic cleavage sites were assessed by SDS/PAGE and MALDI-TOF-MS and indicated the cleavage of multiple peptide bonds within the polyglycine linker regions. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to produce mutants of maize ChitB chitinase in which two serine residues in its linker were systematically modified to glycine. Serine to glycine changes in the ChitB linker resulted in higher susceptibility to truncation by Bz-cmp and altered substrate specificity for Bz-cmp and Es-cmp, such that different glycine glycine peptide bonds were cleaved. Removal of the hevein domain led to loss of Es-cmp activity, indicating that interactions outside of the active site are important for recognition. Our findings demonstrate that plant class IV chitinases with polyglycine linkers are targeted for truncation by selective polyglycine hydrolases that are secreted by plant pathogenic fungi. This novel proteolysis of polyglycine motifs is previously unreported, but the specificity is similar to that of bacterial lysostaphin proteases, which cleave pentaglycine cross-links from peptidoglycan. C1 [Naumann, Todd A.; Wicklow, Donald T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Price, Neil P. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Prod Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Naumann, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens & Mycol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM todd.naumann@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 EI 1470-8728 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 460 BP 187 EP 198 DI 10.1042/BJ20140268 PN 2 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AH8US UT WOS:000336414300005 PM 24627966 ER PT J AU Zhang, YM Gates, MW Shorthouse, JD AF Zhang, Y. Miles Gates, Michael W. Shorthouse, Joseph D. TI Testing species limits of Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera) associated with galls induced by Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Canada using an integrative approach SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID ANDRICUS-QUERCUSCALICIS HYMENOPTERA; PARASITOID FLIES DIPTERA; SP N. HYMENOPTERA; MITOCHONDRIAL GENES; WASPS HYMENOPTERA; HOST-SPECIFICITY; INSTAR LARVAE; DNA; BIOLOGY; CHALCIDOIDEA AB Studies of insect host-parasitoid relationships are often confounded by the difficulties associated with species delimitation in taxonomically challenging groups. Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera) are common parasitoids associated with galls induced by Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) and are difficult to identify due to their small size, morphological conservatism, and unreliable published host records. This study tests the species limits of eurytomids associated with galls induced by Diplolepis Geoffroy (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Canada using an integrative taxonomy approach including adult morphology, the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I, host records, and geographical range. Incongruences between morphological and molecular data were found within the Eurytoma discordans Bugbee complex, as Eurytoma discordans, Eurytoma acuta Bugbee, and Eurytoma calcarea Bugbee were shown to be new synonyms. The results also revealed the presence of cryptic species within Eurytoma spongiosa Bugbee. Furthermore, issues that have impeded ecological and biological studies of eurytomids associated with rose galls such as host specificity and sex association were resolved using DNA barcodes, providing new insights into the evolutionary history of this difficult group. C1 [Zhang, Y. Miles; Shorthouse, Joseph D.] Laurentian Univ, Dept Biol, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada. [Gates, Michael W.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Zhang, YM (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Entomol, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM yuanmeng.zhang@gmail.com FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant; Laurentian University Research Fund; Northern Scientific Training Program; government of Canada through Genome Canada; Ontario Genomics Institute of the International Barcode of Life Project FX The authors thank Yves Alarie, Brandy Fenwick, David Lesbarreres, and Morgan Jackson for suggestions on improving the manuscript on this and previous versions. They also thank the staff at CCDB for providing technical support with various molecular and analytical protocols. This project was supported by an Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council Discovery Grant, a grant from the Laurentian University Research Fund, and funds from the Northern Scientific Training Program to sample galls along the shore of James Bay, awarded to JDS. Sequence analysis was carried out at the Canadian Centre for DNA Barcoding with funding from the government of Canada through Genome Canada and the Ontario Genomics Institute in support of the International Barcode of Life Project. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 18 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0008-347X EI 1918-3240 J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 146 IS 3 BP 321 EP 334 DI 10.4039/tce.2013.70 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AH6TM UT WOS:000336263600007 ER PT J AU Miller, TA Brooks, RP Lanzone, M Brandes, D Cooper, J O'Malley, K Maisonneuve, C Tremblay, J Duerr, A Katzner, T AF Miller, Tricia A. Brooks, Robert P. Lanzone, Michael Brandes, David Cooper, Jeff O'Malley, Kieran Maisonneuve, Charles Tremblay, Junior Duerr, Adam Katzner, Todd TI Assessing Risk to Birds from Industrial Wind Energy Development via Paired Resource Selection Models SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birds; Golden Eagle; habitat modeling; risk assessment; spatial ecology; wind energy development; aguila dorada; aves; desarrollo de energia eolica; ecologia espacial; estudio de riesgo; modelado de habitat ID AQUILA-CHRYSAETOS; MORTALITY; CONSERVATION; TURBINES; RAPTOR; FARMS; CALIFORNIA; FATALITY; RATES; AREA AB When wildlife habitat overlaps with industrial development animals may be harmed. Because wildlife and people select resources to maximize biological fitness and economic return, respectively, we estimated risk, the probability of eagles encountering and being affected by turbines, by overlaying models of resource selection for each entity. This conceptual framework can be applied across multiple spatial scales to understand and mitigate impacts of industry on wildlife. We estimated risk to Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) from wind energy development in 3 topographically distinct regions of the central Appalachian Mountains of Pennsylvania (United States) based on models of resource selection of wind facilities (n = 43) and of northbound migrating eagles (n = 30). Risk to eagles from wind energy was greatest in the Ridge and Valley region; all 24 eagles that passed through that region used the highest risk landscapes at least once during low altitude flight. In contrast, only half of the birds that entered the Allegheny Plateau region used highest risk landscapes and none did in the Allegheny Mountains. Likewise, in the Allegheny Mountains, the majority of wind turbines (56%) were situated in poor eagle habitat; thus, risk to eagles is lower there than in the Ridge and Valley, where only 1% of turbines are in poor eagle habitat. Risk within individual facilities was extremely variable; on average, facilities had 11% (SD 23; range= 0-100%) of turbines in highest risk landscapes and 26% (SD 30; range= 0-85%) of turbines in the lowest risk landscapes. Our results provide a mechanism for relocating high-risk turbines, and they show the feasibility of this novel and highly adaptable framework for managing risk of harm to wildlife from industrial development. Evaluacion del Riesgo para las Aves por el Desarrollo de Energia Eolica Industrial Mediante Modelos de Seleccion de Recursos Pareados. Resumen Cuando el habitat de la fauna silvestre se traslapa con el desarrollo industrial, los animales pueden resultar afectados. Como la fauna silvestre y la gente seleccionan recursos para maximizar la aptitud biologica y el reingreso economico, respectivamente; estimamos el riesgo y la probabilidad de que las aguilas entren en contacto y sean afectadas por las turbinas al sobreponer modelos de la seleccion de recursos para cada entidad. Este marco de trabajo conceptual puede aplicarse en multiples escalas espaciales para entender y mitigar los impactos de la industria sobre la fauna silvestre. Estimamos el riesgo para el aguila dorada (Aquila chrysaetos) a partir del desarrollo de energia eolica en tres regiones distintas topograficamente de la parte central de las montanas Apalaches en Pennsylvania (E.U.A) basandonos en modelos de seleccion de recursos de las instalaciones eolicas (n= 43) y de las aguilas que migraban hacia el norte (n= 30). El riesgo para las aguilas fue mayor en las zonas de la Cresta y del Valle; las 24 aguilas que pasaron por esa region usaron los paisajes con alto riesgo por lo menos una vez durante el vuelo de poca altitud. En contraste, solo la mitad de las aves que entraron a la region de la Meseta Allegheny usaron paisajes de alto riesgo y ninguna los uso en las montanas Allegheny. Asi mismo, en las montanas Allegheny, la mayoria de las turbinas eolicas (56%) estaban situadas en un habitat pobre para las aguilas; por esto el riesgo para las aguilas es mas bajo aqui que en el Risco y el Valle, donde solamente el 1% de las turbinas se encuentran en un habitat pobre para las aguilas. El riesgo dentro de las instalaciones individuales fue extremadamente variable: en promedio, las instalaciones tuvieron un 11% (SD 23; rango= 0 - 100%) de las turbinas en paisajes de alto riesgo y un 26% (SD 30; rango= 0 - 85%) de las turbinas en los paisajes con riesgo mas bajo. Nuestros resultados proporcionan un mecanismo para reubicar a las turbinas de alto riesgo y muestran la factibilidad de este marco de trabajo novedoso y altamente adaptable para manejar el riesgo de danar a la fauna silvestre con el desarrollo industrial. C1 [Miller, Tricia A.] Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Degree Program Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Miller, Tricia A.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Brooks, Robert P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lanzone, Michael] Cellular Tracking Technol, Somerset, PA 15501 USA. [Brandes, David] Lafayette Coll, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Easton, PA 18042 USA. [Cooper, Jeff] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, Fredericksburg, VA 22401 USA. [O'Malley, Kieran] West Virginia Div Nat Resources, Romney, WV 26757 USA. [Maisonneuve, Charles] Minist Ressources Nat & Faune, Rimouski, PQ G5L 8B3, Canada. [Tremblay, Junior] Minist Ressources Nat & Faune, Quebec City, PQ G1S 4X4, Canada. [Duerr, Adam; Katzner, Todd] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Katzner, Todd] US Forest Serv, USDA, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Degree Program Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM tricia.miller@mail.wvu.edu OI Katzner, Todd/0000-0003-4503-8435 FU PA SWG [T-12, T47-R-1]; U.S. DoE [DE-EE0003538]; NASA Climate and Biological Response [NNX11AP61G]; Charles A. and Anne Morrow Lindbergh Foundation; Penn State Earth and Environmental Institute Fellowship; Penn State Ecology Fellowship FX Funding for this work was received from PA SWG grants T-12 and T47-R-1, U.S. DoE grant DE-EE0003538, NASA Climate and Biological Response Grant #NNX11AP61G, Charles A. and Anne Morrow Lindbergh Foundation, Penn State Earth and Environmental Institute Fellowship, Penn State Ecology Fellowship, and the authors' organizations. Scientific article No. 3195 of the West Virginia Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Morgantown. Use of Golden Eagles for this research was approved by the West Virginia University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol #11-0304. T.K. and M.L. are owners of Cellular Tracking Technologies that manufacture GPS-GSM transmitters used in this project. We thank many people for their assistance with field work and data collection. These include T. Anderson, the Bonta Family, D. Brauning, J. Buchan, E. Katzner, R. Hartzel, B. Knight, D. Kramer, S. Jones, A. Mack, C. Mc-Curdy, B.D. Miller Family, P. Reum, B. Sargent, D. Smith, R. Tallman, and M. Wheeler. Two anonymous reviewers and G. Young, M. Brittingham-Brant, and M. Gannon provided insightful comments on the manuscript. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 9 U2 82 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 745 EP 755 DI 10.1111/cobi.12227 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH0KR UT WOS:000335809300019 PM 24405249 ER PT J AU Hartman, R Pope, K Lawler, S AF Hartman, Rosemary Pope, Karen Lawler, Sharon TI Factors Mediating Co-Occurrence of an Economically Valuable Introduced Fish and Its Native Frog Prey SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE amphibians; conservation planning; facilitation; fisheries; freshwater; lake; predator indirect effects; refuges; Agua dulce; anfibios; efectos indirectos de depredacion; facilitacion; lago; pesquerias; planificacion de la conservacion; refugio ID NONNATIVE FISH; RANA-CASCADAE; EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONS; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; WHOLE-LAKE; CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPE; AMPHIBIANS; CALIFORNIA; DIVERSITY AB Habitat characteristics mediate predator-prey coexistence in many ecological systems but are seldom considered in species introductions. When economically important introduced predators are stocked despite known negative impacts on native species, understanding the role of refuges, landscape configurations, and community interactions can inform habitat management plans. We measured these factors in basins with introduced trout (Salmonidae) and the Cascades frog (Rana cascadae) to determine, which are responsible for observed patterns of co-occurrence of this economically important predator and its native prey. Large, vegetated shallows were strongly correlated to co-occurrence, and R. cascadae larvae occur in shallower water when fish are present, presumably to escape predation. The number of nearby breeding sites of R. cascadae was also correlated to co-occurrence, but only when the western toad (Anaxyrus boreas) was present. Because A. boreas larvae are unpalatable to fish and resemble R. cascadae, they may provide protection from trout via Batesian mimicry. Although rescue-effect dispersal from nearby populations may maintain co-occurrence, within-lake factors proved more important for predicting co-occurrence. Learning which factors allow co-occurrence between economically important introduced species and their native prey enables managers to make better-informed stocking decisions. Factores que Median la Co-Ocurrencia de un Pez Introducido con Valor Economico y su Presa, una Rana Nativa Resumen Las caracteristicas del habitat median la co-existencia entre depredador y presa en muchos sistemas ecologicos pero rara vez se consideran en la introduccion de especies. Cuando los depredadores introducidos con importancia economica son utilizados a pesar de tener un impacto negativo sobre las especies, entender el papel de los refugios, las configuraciones de paisaje y las interacciones de la comunidad puede informar a los planes de manejo de habitat. Medimos estos factores en cuencas con truchas introducidas (Salmonidae) y la rana Rana cascadae para determinar cuales son responsables de los patrones de co-ocurrencia de este depredador con importancia economica y su presa nativa. Bajios grandes con vegetacion estuvieron fuertemente correlacionados con la co-ocurrencia y las larvas de R. cascadae estan presentes en aguas someras cuando los peces estan presentes, presuntamente para escapar la depredacion. El numero de sitios de crianza de R. cascadae tambien estuvo correlacionado con la co-ocurrencia, pero solo cuando el sapo Anaxyrus boreas estaba presente. Como las larvas de A. boreas no tienen buen sabor para los peces y se parecen a las de R. cascadae, puede que proporcionen proteccion de las truchas por medio de mimetismo batesiano. Mientras la dispersion efecto del rescate de las poblaciones cercanas puede mantener la co-ocurrencia, los factores internos del lago probaron ser mas importantes para predecir la co-ocurrencia. Aprender cuales factores permiten la co-ocurrencia entre las especies introducidas con importancia economica y sus presas nativas permite a los manejadores tomar decisiones de uso mejor informadas. C1 [Hartman, Rosemary] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pope, Karen] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Lawler, Sharon] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hartman, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM Rosehartman@gmail.com FU Amphibian and Reptile Conservancy; California Fly Fishers Unlimited; Marin Rod and Gun Club; UC Davis Jastro Research Fellowship FX We thank R. Smith, R. Gutstein, and many other field assistants, H. Welsh and the USFS for use of their data, and B. Aguilar of CDFW for field equipment and trout survey data. We thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments significantly improved the manuscript. This study was funded by grants from the Amphibian and Reptile Conservancy, the California Fly Fishers Unlimited, Marin Rod and Gun Club, and the UC Davis Jastro Research Fellowship. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 763 EP 772 DI 10.1111/cobi.12218 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH0KR UT WOS:000335809300021 PM 24372671 ER PT J AU Schaefer, EJ AF Schaefer, Ernst J. TI Editorial introduction SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review ID OUTCOMES; TRIAL C1 [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0957-9672 EI 1473-6535 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 159 EP 160 DI 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000082 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AH2LY UT WOS:000335954200002 PM 24785963 ER PT J AU Lamon-Fava, S Diffenderfer, MR Marcovina, SM AF Lamon-Fava, Stefania Diffenderfer, Margaret R. Marcovina, Santica M. TI Lipoprotein(a) metabolism SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE apo(a); apoB100; kinetics; lipoprotein(a); metabolism ID HOMOZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; LP(A) LIPOPROTEIN; LDL CHOLESTEROL; ISOFORM SIZE; HUMAN-PLASMA; RISK; RECEPTOR; APO(A) AB Purpose of reviewLipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an atherogenic lipoprotein. The metabolism of this lipoprotein is still not well understood.Recent findingsIt has long been known that the plasma concentration of Lp(a) is highly heritable, with its genetic determinants located in the apo(a) locus and regulating the rate of hepatic apo(a) production. Recent human intervention trials have convincingly established that, in addition to apo(a) production, hepatic apoB100 production plays an important role in Lp(a) levels. Although the major site and mode of Lp(a) clearance remain unidentified, a recent cell and animal study points to the involvement of the hepatic scavenger receptor class B type I in the uptake of both the lipid and protein constituents of Lp(a) from plasma.SummaryProgress in the understanding of Lp(a) metabolism has the potential to lead to the development of novel and specific treatments for the reduction of Lp(a) levels and the associated risk of cardiovascular disease. C1 [Lamon-Fava, Stefania; Diffenderfer, Margaret R.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lamon-Fava, Stefania] Tufts Univ, Gerald J & Dorothy R Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Poli, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Marcovina, Santica M.] Univ Washington, Northwest Lipid Metab Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Marcovina, Santica M.] Univ Washington, Diabet Res Lab, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lamon-Fava, S (reprint author), Jean Mayer USDA, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM stefania.lamon-fava@tufts.edu NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0957-9672 EI 1473-6535 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 189 EP 193 DI 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000070 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AH2LY UT WOS:000335954200007 PM 24751932 ER PT J AU Schaefer, EJ Anthanont, P Asztalos, BF AF Schaefer, Ernst J. Anthanont, Pimjai Asztalos, Bela F. TI High-density lipoprotein metabolism, composition, function, and deficiency SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE ABCA1; apoA-I; HDL; LCAT; myeloperoxidase ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; TANGIER DISEASE; HDL DEFICIENCY; CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX; APOLIPOPROTEIN A1; LCAT DEFICIENCY; ABCA1; PLASMA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; MYELOPEROXIDASE AB Purpose of reviewTo examine the recent advances in our knowledge of HDL metabolism, composition, function, and coronary heart disease (CHD), as well as marked HDL deficiency states because of mutations in the apolipoprotein (apo) A-I, ATP-binding cassette transfer protein A1 and lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) gene loci.Recent findingsIt has been documented that apoA-I, myeloperoxidase and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) form a complex in HDL that is critical for HDL binding and function. Myeloperoxidase has a negative impact on HDL function, whereas PON1 has a beneficial effect. Patients who lack apoA-I develop markedly premature CHD. Patients who lack ATP-binding cassette transfer protein A1 transporter function have only very small discoidal pre-1 HDL, and develop hepatosplenomegaly, intermittent neuropathy and premature CHD, although significant heterogeneity for these disorders has been reported. Patients with LCAT deficiency have abnormal small discoidal LDLs and HDL particles, and develop kidney failure. Enzyme replacement therapy is being developed for the latter disorder.SummaryRecent data indicates that proteins other than apoA-I and apoA-II such as MPO and PON1 have important effects on HDL function. There has been considerable recent progress made in our understanding of HDL protein content and function. C1 [Schaefer, Ernst J.; Anthanont, Pimjai; Asztalos, Bela F.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Lipid Metab Sect, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Schaefer, EJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Lipid Metab Sect, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM ernst.schaefer@tufts.edu FU Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand FX B.F.A. and E.J.S. are employees of Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA, and Boston Heart Diagnostics, Framingham, MA, USA. P. A. receives fellowship support from Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand. E.J.S. serves as a consultant for Amarin, Amgen, Arisaph, AstraZeneca, Mediimmune, and Merck, and serves on the speaker's bureau for Merck, Sharpe, and Dohme, Rahway, NJ, USA. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 25 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0957-9672 EI 1473-6535 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 194 EP 199 DI 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000074 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AH2LY UT WOS:000335954200008 PM 24785961 ER PT J AU Diffenderfer, MR Schaefer, EJ AF Diffenderfer, Margaret R. Schaefer, Ernst J. TI The composition and metabolism of large and small LDL SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE dense LDL; LDL subfractions; metabolism; proteomics; small ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; FAMILIAL COMBINED HYPERLIPIDEMIA; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; PARTICLE-SIZE; SUBFRACTION DISTRIBUTION; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; APO-B; PHENOTYPE; CHOLESTEROL AB Purpose of reviewDecreased size and increased density of LDL have been associated with increased coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Elevated plasma concentrations of small dense LDL (sdLDL) correlate with high plasma triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol levels. This review highlights recent findings about the metabolism and composition of LDL subfractions.Recent findingsThe development of an automated assay has recently made possible the assessment of the CHD risk associated with sdLDL in large clinical trials and has demonstrated convincingly that sdLDL cholesterol levels are a more significant independent determinant of CHD risk than total LDL cholesterol. Metabolic studies have revealed that sdLDL particles originate through the delipidation of larger atherogenic VLDL and large LDL and from direct de novo production by the liver. Proteins associated with LDL, in addition to apolipoprotein (apo) B, include the C apolipoproteins, apoA-I, apoA-IV, apoD, apoE, apoF, apoH, apoJ, apoL-1, apoM, -1 antitrypsin, migration inhibitory factor-related protein 8, lysosome C, prenylcysteine oxidase 1, paraoxonase 1, transthyretin, serum amyloid A4, and fibrinogen chain. The role of the increasing number of LDL-associated proteins remains unclear; however, the data do indicate that LDL particles not only transport lipids but also carry proteins involved in inflammation and thrombosis. The sdLDL proteome in diabetic individuals differs significantly from that of larger LDL, being enriched in apoC-III.SummaryProgress in our understanding of the composition and metabolism of LDL subfractions strengthens the association between sdLDL and CHD risk. C1 [Diffenderfer, Margaret R.; Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Diffenderfer, MR (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM margaret.diffenderfer@tufts.edu NR 57 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 7 U2 34 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0957-9672 EI 1473-6535 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 25 IS 3 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000067 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AH2LY UT WOS:000335954200012 PM 24811298 ER PT J AU Branson, DH Haferkamp, MA AF Branson, David H. Haferkamp, Marshall A. TI Insect herbivory and vertebrate grazing impact food limitation and grasshopper populations during a severe outbreak SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Exploitative competition; grasshopper; herbivory; livestock grazing; outbreak; phytophagous insect; population dynamics; vertebrate ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; PHYTOPHAGOUS INSECTS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; LONG-TERM; INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONS; NITROGEN-CONTENT; ORTHOPTERA; ACRIDIDAE; COMPETITION AB 1. Competition between herbivores often plays an important role in population ecology and appears strongest when densities are high or plant production is low. Phytophagous insects are often highly abundant, but relatively few experiments have examined competition between vertebrates and phytophagous insects. 2. In grassland systems worldwide, grasshoppers are often the dominant phytophagous insect, and livestock grazing is a dominant land use. For this study, a novel experiment was conducted examining competition between vertebrates and invertebrates, where both grasshopper densities and sheep grazing were manipulated inside 10-m(2) caged mesocosms during a grasshopper outbreak. We examined how grasshopper densities and the timing of vertebrate herbivory affected grasshopper densities, if the effects of vertebrates on survival and reproduction changed with grasshopper density, and how a naturally occurring grasshopper outbreak affected grasshopper populations in the following year. 3. Densities of grasshoppers at the site peaked at 130m(-2). Food-limited competition was stronger in treatments with higher grasshopper densities and repeated or late livestock herbivory, leading to reduced survival, femur length, and functional ovarioles, a measure of future reproduction. Strong food-limited density-dependent reproduction and survival led to reduced hatching densities in 2001. 4. As competition was typically stronger with high grasshopper densities than with livestock grazing, competition from vertebrates could be relatively less important for phytophagous insect population dynamics during outbreaks. The experiment provides insights into how competition between insect and vertebrate herbivores influences insect population dynamics, and indicates that severe outbreaks can rapidly subside with strong competition from vertebrate and insect herbivores. C1 [Branson, David H.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Haferkamp, Marshall A.] ARS, USDA, Livestock & Range Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Branson, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM dave.branson@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6946 EI 1365-2311 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 39 IS 3 BP 371 EP 381 DI 10.1111/een.12114 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AG9PJ UT WOS:000335751300013 ER PT J AU Steele, MK Heffernan, JB Bettez, N Cavender-Bares, J Groffman, PM Grove, JM Hall, S Hobbie, SE Larson, K Morse, JL Neill, C Nelson, KC O'Neil-Dunne, J Ogden, L Pataki, DE Polsky, C Chowdhury, RR AF Steele, M. K. Heffernan, J. B. Bettez, N. Cavender-Bares, J. Groffman, P. M. Grove, J. M. Hall, S. Hobbie, S. E. Larson, K. Morse, J. L. Neill, C. Nelson, K. C. O'Neil-Dunne, J. Ogden, L. Pataki, D. E. Polsky, C. Chowdhury, R. Roy TI Convergent Surface Water Distributions in US Cities SO ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE surface water; urbanization; cities; convergence; urban streams; urban water bodies; hydrography ID LAND-USE; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; URBAN; URBANIZATION; LANDSCAPE; PATTERNS; LAKES; ECOLOGY; METRICS; MACROSYSTEMS AB Earth's surface is rapidly urbanizing, resulting in dramatic changes in the abundance, distribution and character of surface water features in urban landscapes. However, the scope and consequences of surface water redistribution at broad spatial scales are not well understood. We hypothesized that urbanization would lead to convergent surface water abundance and distribution: in other words, cities will gain or lose water such that they become more similar to each other than are their surrounding natural landscapes. Using a database of more than 1 million water bodies and 1 million km of streams, we compared the surface water of 100 US cities with their surrounding undeveloped land. We evaluated differences in areal (A (WB)) and numeric densities (N (WB)) of water bodies (lakes, wetlands, and so on), the morphological characteristics of water bodies (size), and the density (D (C)) of surface flow channels (that is, streams and rivers). The variance of urban A (WB), N (WB), and D (C) across the 100 MSAs decreased, by 89, 25, and 71%, respectively, compared to undeveloped land. These data show that many cities are surface water poor relative to undeveloped land; however, in drier landscapes urbanization increases the occurrence of surface water. This convergence pattern strengthened with development intensity, such that high intensity urban development had an areal water body density 98% less than undeveloped lands. Urbanization appears to drive the convergence of hydrological features across the US, such that surface water distributions of cities are more similar to each other than to their surrounding landscapes. C1 [Steele, M. K.; Heffernan, J. B.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Bettez, N.; Groffman, P. M.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY USA. [Cavender-Bares, J.; Hobbie, S. E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Grove, J. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Baltimore Field Stn, Baltimore, MA USA. [Hall, S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Larson, K.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Larson, K.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Urban Planning & Sustainabil, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Morse, J. L.] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Neill, C.] Ecosyst Ctr Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MN USA. [Nelson, K. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Nelson, K. C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Minneapolis, MN USA. [O'Neil-Dunne, J.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Spatial Anal Lab, Burlington, VT USA. [Ogden, L.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Global & Sociocultural Studies, St Miami, FL USA. [Pataki, D. E.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Polsky, C.] Clark Univ, Grad Sch Geog, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Chowdhury, R. Roy] Indiana Univ, Dept Geog, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. RP Steele, MK (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM meredith.steele@vt.edu RI Heffernan, James/D-1261-2010; Hall, Sharon/K-7893-2012; OI Heffernan, James/0000-0001-7641-9949; Hobbie, Sarah/0000-0001-5159-031X; Morse, Jennifer/0000-0001-8872-4940 FU National Science Foundation's Macrosystems Biology program (NSF EF) [1065785] FX We thank Emily Bernhardt, Martin Doyle, Jacqueline Aitkenhead-Peterson, Allison Appling, and the anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation's Macrosystems Biology program (NSF EF #1065785). NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1432-9840 EI 1435-0629 J9 ECOSYSTEMS JI Ecosystems PD JUN PY 2014 VL 17 IS 4 BP 685 EP 697 DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9751-y PG 13 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH8OO UT WOS:000336397600010 ER PT J AU Read, JJ McLaughlin, MR Jenkins, JN Fairbrother, TE AF Read, J. J. McLaughlin, M. R. Jenkins, J. N. Fairbrother, T. E. TI Berseem clover seeding rate and harvest management effects on forage yields and nutrient uptake in a swine effluent spray field SO GRASS AND FORAGE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bermudagrass; Trifolium alexandrinum; fertilization; manure; phosphorus; seeding rate ID COOL-SEASON ANNUALS; WINTER COVER CROP; COMMON BERMUDAGRASS; NITROGEN; SUMMER; MANURE AB A 3-year study was conducted on a Prentiss sandy loam near Pheba, Mississippi to determine optimum berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) seeding rate (SR) for dry-matter (DM) yield and nutrient uptake in an annual clover-perennial bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon L. (Pers.)] sward, fertilized in April to October with swine effluent. Seed of annual berseem clover (cv. 'Bigbee') was drill-seeded in October at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 kg ha(-1) and harvested either twice in April and May (spring) or once in May. Yield of clover harvested twice was less than that harvested once (5410 vs. 7566 kg ha(-1)), but N and P uptake were greater in the double-harvest regime. Annual clover responses to SR were described by quadratic trends. Pooled across years and harvest regimes, the optimum SR for DM yield was 165 kg ha(-1) and for P, Cu and Zn uptake, it was 157, 148 and 160 kg ha(-1), respectively. Bermudagrass DM yield decreased linearly as SR increased by approximately 6.3 and 66.7 kg DM kg seed(-1) in double- and single-harvest regimes, respectively. For clover-bermudagrass, the optimum SR for DM yield was 140 kg ha(-1), and for P, Cu, and Zn uptake, it was 151, 146 and 153 kg ha(-1), respectively. A SR of 14.0-14.9 kg ha(-1) and a first harvest of clover in April appeared to optimize hay yields and uptake of nutrients in clover-bermudagrass. Because bermudagrass N requirement is usually met by swine effluent irrigations, overseeding annual clover would chiefly satisfy producer needs for early forage production. C1 [Read, J. J.; McLaughlin, M. R.; Jenkins, J. N.; Fairbrother, T. E.] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Read, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM john.read@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0142-5242 EI 1365-2494 J9 GRASS FORAGE SCI JI Grass Forage Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 SI SI BP 365 EP 375 DI 10.1111/gfs.12059 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH6CL UT WOS:000336218200016 ER PT J AU Hull, JJ Brent, CS AF Hull, J. J. Brent, C. S. TI Identification and characterization of a sex peptide receptor-like transcript from the western tarnished plant bug Lygus hesperus SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Lygus hesperus; western tarnished plant bug; sex peptide; sex peptide receptor; MIP; fluorescent microscopy ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; FEMALE DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; JUVENILE-HORMONE BIOSYNTHESIS; VENTRAL NERVE CORD; HELICOVERPA-ARMIGERA; REPRODUCTIVE-BEHAVIOR; MYOINHIBITORY PEPTIDE; ACCESSORY-GLANDS; BOMBYX-MORI AB Lygus hesperus females exhibit a post-mating behavioural switch that triggers increased egg laying and decreased sexual interest. In Drosophila melanogaster, these changes are controlled by sex peptide (SP) and the sex peptide receptor (DmSPR). In Helicoverpa armigera, SPR (HaSPR) also regulates some post-mating behaviour; however, myoinhibiting peptides (MIPs) have been identified as the SPR ancestral ligand, indicating that SPR is a pleiotropic receptor. In the present study, we identified a transcript, designated L.hesperusSPR (LhSPR), that is homologous to known SPRs and which is expressed throughout development and in most adult tissues. LhSPR was most abundant in female seminal depositories and heads as well as the hindgut/midgut of both sexes. In vitro analyses revealed that fluorescent chimeras of LhSPR, DmSPR and HaSPR localized to the cell surface of cultured insect cells, but only DmSPR and HaSPR bound carboxytetramethylrhodamine-labelled analogues of DmSP(21-36) and DmMIP4. Injected DmSP(21-36) also failed to have an effect on L.hesperus mating receptivity. Potential divergence in the LhSPR binding pocket may be linked to receptor-ligand co-evolution as 9 of 13 MIPs encoded by a putative L.hesperusMIP precursor exhibit an atypical W-X-7-Wamide motif vs the W-X-6-Wamide and W-X-8-Wamide motifs of Drosophila MIPs and SP. C1 [Hull, J. J.; Brent, C. S.] ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. RP Hull, JJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM joe.hull@ars.usda.gov NR 114 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1075 EI 1365-2583 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 301 EP 319 DI 10.1111/imb.12082 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA AG7DE UT WOS:000335577400003 PM 24467643 ER PT J AU Center, TD Dray, FA Mattison, ED Tipping, PW Rayamajhi, MB AF Center, Ted D. Dray, F. Allen, Jr. Mattison, Elizabeth D. Tipping, Philip W. Rayamajhi, Min B. TI Bottom-up effects on top-down regulation of a floating aquatic plant by two weevil species: the context-specific nature of biological control SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Eichhornia crassipes; foliar nitrogen; Neochetina bruchi; nutrient flux; Neochetina eichhorniae; herbivory; Curculionidae; plant-animal interactions; host plant quality ID CRASSIPES MART SOLMS; ENEMY RELEASE HYPOTHESIS; WATER-HYACINTH; EICHHORNIA-CRASSIPES; NEOCHETINA-EICHHORNIAE; RESOURCE AVAILABILITY; PISTIA-STRATIOTES; SOUTH-AFRICA; INVASIONS; NITROGEN AB Plant nutrition (bottom-up effects) impacts a plant's ability to withstand herbivory (top-down effects) and influences phytophagous insect fecundity. These factors confound efficacy predictions for biological control purposes. We investigated the importance of these forces with regard to invasibility of Eichhornia crassipes. We also examined whether one could have predicted whether the weevil species Neochetina eichhorniae or Neochetina bruchi would have been the better biocontrol agent. Three experiments compared E.crassipes performance when subjected to herbivory by these weevils across a range of fertilizer levels. A low initial plant density experiment examined growth and flowering while allowing density to increase. A high plant density experiment evaluated reduction in biomass and surface coverage. A third experiment evaluated plant growth unconstrained by space. Herbivory effects varied between treatments; interactions varied between experiments. Herbivory reduced plant density and biomass, except in low fertilizer conditions, and consistently reduced flowering. N.bruchi alone or both weevil species together reduced growth more than N.eichhorniae alone, elucidating N.bruchi as the better agent. However, N.eichhorniae better reduced biomass and plant density under initial conditions of complete plant coverage, suggesting it as the superior choice. Synthesis and applications. Bottom-up and top-down forces acting in concert affect invasibility of plant species. Plasticity to resource availability enables invaders to persist in conditions that are unfavourable to herbivores (enemy-free space). Consequently, biological control efficacy is nuanced and context specific, so predictability requires assessment of multiple parameters across a range of conditions. Overly simplistic evaluations risk rejection of effective agents capable of mediating non-native plant invasions. These results also argue that biological control practitioners should disregard the concept that a single best agent can be identified to control an invasive plant that exploits a broad range of habitats and environmental conditions.Aquaphyte invasions often coincide with watershed nutrification so unless weed control is carried out concurrently with measures that reduce nutrient inputs, removal of infestations will merely reduce competition thereby accelerating regrowth or facilitating replacement by other undesirable species (the 'invasive treadmill'). The suppressive effects of biological control are valuable and complimentary, even when replacement by other, presumably less problematic, species may occur. These subtler effects should be considered with protocols developed for integrated control strategies. C1 [Center, Ted D.; Dray, F. Allen, Jr.; Mattison, Elizabeth D.; Tipping, Philip W.; Rayamajhi, Min B.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Dray, FA (reprint author), ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Allen.Dray@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 11 U2 72 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 51 IS 3 BP 814 EP 824 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12213 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH2PA UT WOS:000335962200028 ER PT J AU McGarvey, JA Connell, JH Stanker, LH Hnasko, R AF McGarvey, J. A. Connell, J. H. Stanker, L. H. Hnasko, R. TI Bacterial population structure and dynamics during the development of almond drupes SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE agriculture; diversity; microbial structure; Salmonella ID FRESH FRUITS; SALMONELLA; DIVERSITY; PHYLLOSPHERE; SURVIVAL; ASSOCIATION; PARAMETERS; VEGETABLES; COMMUNITY; ORCHARD AB AimsTo describe the bacterial populations and their dynamics during the development of almond drupes. Methods and ResultsWe examined 16S rRNA gene libraries derived from the bacterial populations on almond drupes at three stages of development: (i) when the drupes were full sized, but before embryo development, (ii) when the drupe hulls first began to split and (iii) when the drupes were fully mature, but before harvesting. Our data revealed that the immature drupes were colonized by relatively few types of bacteria, belonging mostly to common phyllosphere-associated bacteria within the genera Pseudomonas, Pantoea, Methylobacterium and Sphingomonas. However, after the hulls first began to split, the level of bacterial diversity increased and continued to do so until the drupes were fully mature. At the last sampling period, we observed several sequences belonging to bacteria that are not usually associated with the phyllosphere, including some identical to Salmonella enterica. ConclusionsThe bacterial populations on almond drupes before hull split were composed of relatively few types, most of which were commonly associated with the phyllosphere. However, after hull split, the level of microbial diversity increased, which was mostly due to increased levels of bacteria that are not normally associated with the phyllosphere, including Salm.enterica. Significance and Impact of the StudyThis is the first report of the bacterial populations associated with almond drupes and their dynamics during development. Of specific significance is the observation that Salm.enterica was present on the drupes just prior to harvesting, which may represent a critical control point. C1 [McGarvey, J. A.; Stanker, L. H.; Hnasko, R.] Agr Res Serv, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Protect Res Unit, USDA, Albany, CA 94133 USA. [Connell, J. H.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Oroville, CA USA. RP McGarvey, JA (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Foodborne Toxin Detect & Protect Res Unit, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94133 USA. EM jeffery.mcgarvey@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Program 108 Food Safety FX The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of Jason Kish with DNA sequencing. This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service National Program 108 Food Safety. NR 54 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 116 IS 6 BP 1543 EP 1552 DI 10.1111/jam.12464 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AH2WW UT WOS:000335983700016 PM 24494712 ER PT J AU Knapp, JR Laur, GL Vadas, PA Weiss, WP Tricarico, JM AF Knapp, J. R. Laur, G. L. Vadas, P. A. Weiss, W. P. Tricarico, J. M. TI Invited review: Enteric methane in dairy cattle production: Quantifying the opportunities and impact of reducing emissions SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE enteric methane; methanogen; feed efficiency; lifetime productivity; mitigation ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; BETA-1-4 GALACTO-OLIGOSACCHARIDES; CONTROLLED-RELEASE CAPSULES; TEMPERATURE-HUMIDITY INDEX; FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; LIFE-CYCLE ASSESSMENT; RESIDUAL FEED-INTAKE; CEREAL GRAIN DIET; RUMINAL FERMENTATION; MILK-PRODUCTION AB Many opportunities exist to reduce enteric methane (CH4) and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per unit of product from ruminant livestock. Research over the past century in genetics, animal health, microbiology, nutrition, and physiology has led to improvements in dairy production where intensively managed farms have GHG emissions as low as 1 kg of CO2, equivalents (CO(2)e)/kg of energy-corrected milk (ECM), compared with >7 kg of CO(2)e/kg of ECM in extensive systems. The objectives of this review are to evaluate options that have been demonstrated to mitigate enteric CH4 emissions per unit of ECM (CH4/ECM) from dairy cattle on a quantitative basis and in a sustained manner and to integrate approaches in genetics, feeding and nutrition, physiology, and health to emphasize why herd productivity, not individual animal productivity, is important to environmental sustainability. A nutrition model based on carbohydrate digestion was used to evaluate the effect of feeding and nutrition strategies on CH4/ECM, and a meta-analysis was conducted to quantify the effects of lipid supplementation on CH4/ECM. A second model combining herd structure dynamics and production level was used to estimate the effect of genetic and management strategies that increase milk yield and reduce culling on CH4/ECM. Some of these approaches discussed require further research, but many could be implemented now. Past efforts in CH4 mitigation have largely focused on identifying and evaluating CH4 mitigation approaches based on nutrition, feeding, and modifications of rumen function. Nutrition and feeding approaches may be able to reduce CH4/ECM by 2.5 to 15%, whereas rumen modifiers have had very little success in terms of sustained CH4 reductions without compromising milk production. More significant reductions of 15 to 30% CH4/ECM can be achieved by combinations of genetic and management approaches, including improvements in heat abatement, disease and fertility management, performance-enhancing technologies, and facility design to increase feed efficiency and life-time productivity of individual animals and herds. Many of the approaches discussed are only partially additive, and all approaches to reducing enteric CH4 emissions should consider the economic impacts on farm profitability and the relationships between enteric CH4 and other GHG. C1 [Knapp, J. R.] Fox Hollow Consulting LLC, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Laur, G. L.] Gwinn Sawyer Vet Clin, Gwinn, MI 49841 USA. [Vadas, P. A.] USDA ARS, Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weiss, W. P.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Tricarico, J. M.] Innovat Ctr US Dairy, Rosemont, IL 60018 USA. RP Knapp, JR (reprint author), Fox Hollow Consulting LLC, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. EM joanne.r.knapp@gmail.com FU Innovation Center for US Dairy (Rosemont, IL) FX We thank Jeffrey Firkins (The Ohio State University, Columbus) for reviewing this manuscript, our colleagues who coauthored and reviewed the Cow of the Future white paper, and the Innovation Center for US Dairy (Rosemont, IL) for partial funding of this project. NR 232 TC 72 Z9 75 U1 20 U2 145 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 6 BP 3231 EP 3261 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7234 PG 31 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AH5ST UT WOS:000336192100001 PM 24746124 ER PT J AU Bradner, L Robbe-Austerman, S Beitz, DC Stabel, JR AF Bradner, L. Robbe-Austerman, S. Beitz, D. C. Stabel, J. R. TI Short communication: Application of an N-acetyl-L-cysteine-NaOH decontamination method for the recovery of viable Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis from milk of naturally infected cows SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mycobacterium avium ssp paratuberculosis; milk; decontamination; culture ID IDENTIFICATION; SPP. AB Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is shed into the milk of cattle affected by Johne's disease and, therefore, is a route of transmission for infection in young stock in dairy herds. The objective of this study was to validate a decontamination and culture protocol for the recovery of MAP from individual bovine milk samples from known infected herds. Decontamination of milk samples (n = 17) with either 0.75% hexadecylpyridinium chloride for 5 h or N-acetyl-L-cysteine-1.5% sodium hydroxide (NALC-1.5% NaOH) for 15 min before culture in BACTEC 12B (Becton Dickinson, Franklin, NJ), para-JEM [Thermo Fisher Scientific (TREK Diagnostic Systems, Inc.), Cleveland, OH], and Herrold's egg yolk (HEY; Becton Dickinson) media was compared. Treatment with NALC-NaOH resulted in a lower percentage (6%) of contaminated samples than did treatment with hexadecylpyridinium chloride (47%), regardless of culture medium. The decontamination protocol (NALC-1.5% NaOH) was then applied to milk samples (n = 144) collected from cows at 7 US dairies. Recovery of viable MAP from the milk samples was low, regardless of culture medium, with recovery from 2 samples cultured in BACTEC 12B medium, 1 sample cultured in para-JEM medium, and no viable MAP recovered on HEY medium. However, 32 cows were fecal culture positive and 13 milk samples were positive by direct PCR, suggesting that several cows were actively shedding MAP at the time of milk collection. Contamination rates were similar across media, with 39.6, 34.7, and 41.7% of samples contaminated after culture in BACTEC 12B, para-JEM, and HEY media, respectively. Herd-to-herd variation had a major effect on sample contamination, with the percentage of contaminated samples ranging from 4 to 83%. It was concluded that decontamination of milk with NALC-1.5% NaOH before culture in BACTEC 12B medium was the most efficacious method for the recovery of viable MAP from milk, although the ability to suppress the growth of contaminating microorganisms varied greatly between herds. C1 [Bradner, L.; Beitz, D. C.] Iowa State Univ, Roy J Carver Dept Biochem Biophys & Mol Biol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Robbe-Austerman, S.] USDA, APHIS, Vet Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Beitz, D. C.; Stabel, J. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Stabel, J. R.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Stabel, JR (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM judy.stabel@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 6 BP 3694 EP 3699 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7730 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AH5ST UT WOS:000336192100045 PM 24657082 ER PT J AU Krueger, LA Beitz, DC Onda, K Osman, M O'Neil, MR Lei, S Wattoo, FH Stuart, RL Tyler, HD Nonnecke, B AF Krueger, L. A. Beitz, D. C. Onda, K. Osman, M. O'Neil, M. R. Lei, S. Wattoo, F. H. Stuart, R. L. Tyler, H. D. Nonnecke, B. TI Effects of D-alpha-tocopherol and dietary energy on growth and health of preruminant dairy calves SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE tocopherol; growth; haptoglobin; dairy calf ID MILK REPLACER; PASSIVE-IMMUNITY; VITAMIN-E; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; NEONATAL CALVES; T-CELLS; STEREOISOMERS; CONSEQUENCES; ANTIOXIDANT; HOLSTEIN AB To observe the effects of supplemental dietary D-alpha-tocopherol in relation to dietary energy on growth and immune status in dairy calves, 32 newborn Holstein bull calves were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments for 5 wk in a 2 x 2 factorial, randomized complete block, split-plot design. Calves received moderate growth (MG) or low growth (LG) all-milk dietary treatments, formulated to support daily gains of 0.5 or 0.25 kg/d, respectively, per the dietary energy recommendation for milk-fed calves according to the National Research Council's Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. Calves in both groups were either injected i.m. with Vital E-A+D (injectable solution of vitamins E, A, and D) on d 1 and supplemented with Emcelle Tocopherol (micellized vitamin E) via milk daily (MG-S and LG-S), or were not supplemented (MG-C and LG-C) during the study period. Total weight gain of MG calves was greater than that of LG calves and tended to be greater in MG-S calves than in MG-C calves. Calves receiving vitamin supplementation demonstrated greater concentrations of plasma alpha-tocopherol, retinol, and 25-(OH)-vitamin D than did control calves, whereas MG calves demonstrated a lower concentration of plasma alpha-tocopherol than did LG calves. The apparent increased utilization of alpha-tocopherol by MG calves was accompanied by a rise in serum haptoglobin, a positive acute-phase protein and indicator of inflammation, especially in MG-C calves. Serum amyloid A, also a positive acute-phase protein, was not different among groups, but was elevated from baseline in all groups during wk 1 through 3. Plasma IgG(1) concentrations were higher in MG-S and LG-S calves than in their nonsupplemented dietary counterparts, whereas plasma IgG(2), IgA, and IgM concentrations were not different among groups. In summary, dietary supplementation of D-a-tocopherol improved plasma alpha-tocopherol status and tended to increase growth in calves fed for 0.5 kg of average daily gain. Vitamin supplementation ameliorated the rise of serum haptoglobin associated with acute inflammation in MG calves, and may have improved passive transfer of maternal antibody. These results indicate a role for alpha-tocopherol in prevention of proinflammatory state associated with greater dietary energy and onset of infectious disease. C1 [Krueger, L. A.; Beitz, D. C.; Onda, K.; Osman, M.; O'Neil, M. R.; Lei, S.; Wattoo, F. H.; Tyler, H. D.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stuart, R. L.] Stuart Prod Inc, Bedford, TX 76022 USA. [Nonnecke, B.] USDA ARS, Ruminant Dis & Immunol Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Beitz, DC (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM dcbeitz@iastate.edu FU Stuart Products Inc. (Bedford, TX) FX The authors thank Stuart Products Inc. (Bedford, TX) for providing funds in support of the study and for the assistance of Tracy Porter of the Ruminant Diseases and Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA, Agricultural Research Service (Ames, IA), in running immunoglobulin isotype and positive acute-phase protein analyses. We are also grateful to the Iowa State University Dairy Farm (Ames) managerial staff, especially Joe Detrick, Mary Healey, and Lucas Schau for their dedication to the project through its completion and for their assistance at critical hours. Finally, we recognize the team of student employees at Iowa State University who contributed their time and efforts to calf operations and ultimately to the success of the project, including Meredith Stabel and Katie Fober. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 6 BP 3715 EP 3727 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7315 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AH5ST UT WOS:000336192100048 PM 24704235 ER PT J AU Cooper, TA Wiggans, GR Null, DJ Hutchison, JL Cole, JB AF Cooper, T. A. Wiggans, G. R. Null, D. J. Hutchison, J. L. Cole, J. B. TI Genomic evaluation, breed identification, and discovery of a haplotype affecting fertility for Ayrshire dairy cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ayrshire; breed determination; genomic evaluation; fertility haplotype ID SELECTION; FUTURE AB Genomic evaluations of dairy cattle in the United States have been available for Brown Swiss, Holsteins, and Jerseys since 2009. As of January 2013, 1,023 Ayrshires had genotypes in the North American database. Evaluation accuracy was assessed using genomic evaluations based on 646 bulls with 2008 traditional evaluations to predict daughter performance of up to 180 bulls in 2012. Mean gain in reliability over parent average for all traits was 8.2 percentage points. The highest gains were for protein yield (16.9 percentage points), milk yield (16.6 percentage points), and stature (16.2 percentage points). Twelve single nucleotide polymorphisms were useful for Ayrshire breed determination. Fewer breed-determining SNP were available for Ayrshires than for Holsteins, Jerseys, and Brown Swiss because of the similarity of Ayrshires and Holsteins. A haplotype that affects fertility was identified on chromosome 17 and traces back in the genotyped population to the bull Selwood Betty's Commander (born in 1953). The haplotype carrier frequency for genotyped Ayrshires was 26.1%. Sire conception rate was decreased by 4.3 +/- 2.5 percentage points for carriers of the haplotype as determined by 618 matings of carrier sire by carrier maternal grandsire. Genomic evaluations for Ayrshires were officially implemented in the United States in April 2013. C1 [Cooper, T. A.; Wiggans, G. R.; Null, D. J.; Hutchison, J. L.; Cole, J. B.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cooper, TA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Tabatha.Cooper@ars.usda.gov RI Cole, John/J-8571-2014 OI Cole, John/0000-0003-1242-4401 NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-0302 EI 1525-3198 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 97 IS 6 BP 3878 EP 3882 DI 10.3168/jds.2013-7427 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA AH5ST UT WOS:000336192100064 PM 24679938 ER PT J AU Olivieri, AW Seto, E Cooper, RC Cahn, MD Colford, J Crook, J Debroux, JF Mandrell, R Suslow, T Tchobanoglous, G Hultquist, RA Spath, DP Mosher, JJ AF Olivieri, Adam W. Seto, Edmund Cooper, Robert C. Cahn, Michael D. Colford, John Crook, James Debroux, Jean-Francois Mandrell, Robert Suslow, Trevor Tchobanoglous, George Hultquist, Robert A. Spath, David P. Mosher, Jeffrey J. TI Risk-Based Review of California's Water-Recycling Criteria for Agricultural Irrigation SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Microbes; Risk management; Recycling; Irrigation; Agriculture; California; Water reclamation; Microbial; Risk; Assessment; Water; Recycling ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157; VIRUS MONITORING DATA; WASTE-WATER; RECREATIONAL WATER; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS; RECLAIMED WATER; DOSE-RESPONSE; PUBLIC-HEALTH AB California currently recycles treated wastewater at a volume of approximately 8.0x108m3 of water per year, with a potential to recycle an additional 1.9x109m3 per year. A key challenge in promoting the expansion of water recycling for agricultural purposes was addressing the perceived concern about whether recycled water produced in conformance with California law is protective of public health. The California Department of Public Health (CDPH) established an expert panel to consider the concern. The panel found, based on quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA), that the annualized median risks of infection for full tertiary treatment ranges from 10-8 to 10-4 (for human enteric viruses Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia lamblia, and Escherichia coli O157:H7) based on the assumption of daily exposure. The panel found that risk estimates are consistent with previous CDPH estimates and concluded that current agricultural water recycling regulations do not measurably increase public health risk. C1 [Olivieri, Adam W.] EOA Inc, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Seto, Edmund; Colford, John] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cooper, Robert C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Martinez, CA 94553 USA. [Cahn, Michael D.] UC Cooperat Extens, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. [Crook, James] Crook Consulting, Norwell, MA 02061 USA. [Debroux, Jean-Francois] Kennedy Jenks Consultants, Adv Technol Grp, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Mandrell, Robert] ARS, Produce Safety & Microbil Resaerch Unit, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Suslow, Trevor] Univ Calif Davis, Mann Lab 9103, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tchobanoglous, George] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hultquist, Robert A.; Spath, David P.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA 95899 USA. [Mosher, Jeffrey J.] NWRI, Fountain Valley, CA 92708 USA. RP Olivieri, AW (reprint author), EOA Inc, 1410 Jackson St, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM awo@eoainc.com NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 54 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 EI 1943-7870 J9 J ENVIRON ENG JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD JUN 1 PY 2014 VL 140 IS 6 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000833 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AH1KU UT WOS:000335879900004 ER PT J AU Hummer, K Durst, R Zee, F Atnip, A Giusti, MM AF Hummer, Kim Durst, Robert Zee, Francis Atnip, Allison Giusti, M. Monica TI Phytochemicals in fruits of Hawaiian wild cranberry relatives SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE proanthocyanidin; A-type linkage; anthocyanins; phenolics; ORAC; FRAP; PAC; ohelo; Vaccinium macrocarpon; Vaccinium reticulatum; Vaccinium calycinum ID PROANTHOCYANIDINS; VACCINIUM; CAPACITY; ASSAY AB BACKGROUND: Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon Ait.) contain high levels of phytochemicals such as proanthocyanidins (PACs). These polymeric condensations of flavan-3-ol monomers are associated with health benefits. Our objective was to evaluate phytochemicals in fruit from Hawaiian cranberry relatives, V. reticulatum Sm. and V. calycinum Sm. Normal-phase HPLC coupled with fluorescence and ESI-MS detected PACs; the colorimetric 4-dimethylaminocinnamaldehyde (DMAC) assay was used to determine total PACs. Spectrophotometric tests and reverse-phase HPLC coupled to photodiode array and refractive index detectors evaluated phenolics, sugars, and organic acids. Antioxidant capacity was determined by the ORAC and FRAP assays. RESULTS: Antioxidant capacities of Hawaiian berries were high. The FRAP measurement for V. calycinum was 454.790.2 mu molL(-1) Trolox equivalents kg(-1) for pressed fruit. Hawaiian berries had lower peonidin, quinic and citric acids amounts and invert (approximate to 1) glucose/fructose ratio compared with cranberry. Both Hawaiian Vaccinium species were good sources of PACs; they contained phenolics and PAC monomers, A and B-type trimers, tetramers and larger polymers. Vaccinium reticulatum and V. calycinum showed comparable or higher PAC levels than in cranberry. Cranberries had higher percentage of A-type dimers than did V. reticulatum. A and B-type dimers were not differentiated in V. calycinum. The total PACs (as measured by DMAC) for V. calycinum (24.3 +/- 0.10mg catechin equivalents kg(-1)) were about twice that in cranberry. CONCLUSION: Berries of V. reticulatum and V. calycinum could serve as a rich dietary source of PACs, comparable to or greater than cranberries. These finding suggest that Hawaiian Vaccinium berries could be a functional food. Additional examination of the phytochemicals in other wild Vaccinium species is warranted. (c) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Hummer, Kim] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Durst, Robert] Oregon State Univ, Linus Pauling Inst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Zee, Francis] ARS, USDA, PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Atnip, Allison; Giusti, M. Monica] Ohio State Univ, Food Sci & Technol Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Hummer, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM Kim.Hummer@ars.usda.gov RI Giusti, Maria/B-3367-2012; OI Giusti, Maria /0000-0002-2348-3530 FU Agricultural Research Service; Cooperative State Research Education & Extension Service (CSREES), U.S. Department of Agriculture (SCRI) [2008-51180-04873]; ARS CRIS [5320-21000-012-06R, 04515115, 5358-21000-03800D]; Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center FX This research is supported by a reimbursable agreement between Agricultural Research Service and the Cooperative State Research Education & Extension Service (CSREES), U.S. Department of Agriculture (SCRI Grant Project Number 2008-51180-04873), and ARS CRIS Project Number 5320-21000-012-06R, Accession #04515115, and ARS CRIS 5358-21000-03800D. The authors would like to thank The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center for partially funding this research. We acknowledge Dr. Stuart Nakamoto, University of Hawaii, for providing fruit samples. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 94 IS 8 BP 1530 EP 1536 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6453 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AH6CO UT WOS:000336218500007 PM 24154960 ER PT J AU Islamovic, E Obert, DE Budde, AD Schmitt, M Brunick, R Kilian, A Chao, SM Lazo, GR Marshall, JM Jellen, EN Maughan, PJ Hu, GS Klos, KE Brown, RH Jackson, EW AF Islamovic, Emir Obert, Donald E. Budde, Allen D. Schmitt, Mark Brunick, Robert, II Kilian, Andrzej Chao, Shiaoman Lazo, Gerard R. Marshall, Juliet M. Jellen, Eric N. Maughan, Peter J. Hu, Gongshe Klos, Kathy E. Brown, Ryan H. Jackson, Eric W. TI Quantitative trait loci of barley malting quality trait components in the Stellar/01Ab8219 mapping population SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Molecular markers; Genetic linkage map; QTL mapping; Barley; Malt; Diastatic power; Soluble/total protein; Free amino nitrogen; Amylase ID HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; DENSITY CONSENSUS MAP; DART MARKERS; QTL ANALYSIS; BETA-GLUCAN; LINKAGE MAP; GENOME; GENES; GRAIN AB Malting barley is of high economic and scientific importance. Determining barley grains that are suitable for malting involves measuring malting quality, which is an expensive and complex process. In order to decrease the cost of phenotyping and accelerate the process of developing superior malting barley cultivars, markers for marker-assisted breeding are needed. In this study, we identified quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for malting traits in a Stellar/01Ab8219 F6:8 recombinant inbred line population grown at Aberdeen and Tetonia, Idaho, USA in 2009 and 2010. We identified QTLs associated with malt extract (ME), wort protein, soluble/total protein (S/T), diastatic power (DP), alpha-amylase, beta-glucan (BG) and free amino nitrogen (FAN) at a logarithm of odds score a parts per thousand yen2.5 using a high-density genetic map produced by merging Diversity Arrays Technology markers with the current single nucleotide polymorphism map. Novel QTLs were identified for DP and FAN on chromosome 5H, S/T on 6H, and BG and ME on 7H. Dissection of the genetic regions associated with malting traits suggests the involvement of multiple molecular pathways. The resulting molecular markers may prove useful for barley improvement. C1 [Islamovic, Emir; Hu, Gongshe; Klos, Kathy E.] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Obert, Donald E.] Limagrain Cereal Seeds, Lafayette, IN 47905 USA. [Budde, Allen D.; Schmitt, Mark] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crop Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Brunick, Robert, II] MillerCoors, Burley, ID 83318 USA. [Kilian, Andrzej] Divers Arrays Technol, Yarralumla, ACT 2600, Australia. [Chao, Shiaoman] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Lazo, Gerard R.] ARS, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Marshall, Juliet M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Idaho Falls, ID 83660 USA. [Jellen, Eric N.; Maughan, Peter J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Brown, Ryan H.; Jackson, Eric W.] Gen Mills Inc, Kannapolis, NC 28081 USA. RP Obert, DE (reprint author), Limagrain Cereal Seeds, 4846 East 450 North, Lafayette, IN 47905 USA. EM don.obert@limagrain.com RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 FU USDA Barley for Rural Development Grant; Idaho Barley Commission; American Malting Barley Association (AMBA) FX We thank and recognize the efforts of Chris Evans, Kathy Satterfield, Irene Shackelford and Robert Campbell for their management of the Idaho field projects and barley samples. We thank MillerCoors staff Kathy Adams and Krista Huettig for malting analysis of specific RILs and Christopher Martens from USDA-ARS Cereal Crops Research Unit (CCRU) at Madison, WI for his assistance with malting data. In addition we thank the staff of the University of Idaho Research and Extension Experiment Stations in Tetonia and Aberdeen, Idaho for field management. This work was funded by the USDA Barley for Rural Development Grant, Idaho Barley Commission and American Malting Barley Association (AMBA). The authors recognize and appreciate the support of Idaho barley growers and Ms. Kelly Olson. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 1 BP 59 EP 73 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0017-3 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AH9AW UT WOS:000336432100006 ER PT J AU Duangjit, J Welsh, K Wise, ML Bohanec, B Havey, MJ AF Duangjit, Janejira Welsh, Kent Wise, Mitchell L. Bohanec, Borut Havey, Michael J. TI Genetic analyses of anthocyanin concentrations and intensity of red bulb color among segregating haploid progenies of onion SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Cyanidin; Peonidin; Quantitative trait loci; Soluble solids ID SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE CONCENTRATIONS; ALLIUM-CEPA L.; BIOSYNTHESIS; FLAVOR; IDENTIFICATION; OLIGOFRUCTOSE; ASSOCIATION; ARABIDOPSIS; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION AB Higher concentrations of anthocyanins in vegetables are important for attractive appearance and may offer health benefits for consumers. The red color of onion (Allium cepa) bulbs is due primarily to the accumulation of anthocyanins. The goal of this study was to identify chromosome regions that significantly affect concentrations of anthocyanins and soluble solids in onion bulbs. Segregating haploid plants from the cross of yellow (OH1) and red (5225) inbreds were asexually propagated and bulbs were produced in replicated trials across three environments. Concentrations of soluble solids were measured at 30 days after harvest and quantitative analyses revealed a significant region on chromosome 5. Analyses using a binary model for segregation of red versus yellow bulbs revealed a significant region on chromosome 7 and two regions linked in repulsion phase on chromosome 4. These results are consistent with the complementary two-locus model previously proposed to control red versus yellow bulb colors in onion. The region on chromosome 7 mapped to the same location as the R locus, and the regions on chromosome 4 may correspond to the L and L2 loci. The intensity of red bulb color was assessed visually by a panel of evaluators and by amounts of anthocyanins [peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-(6aEuro(3)-malonoyl-laminaribioside)] measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Quantitative analyses using a normal model revealed significant quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 1, 4 and 8 affecting anthocyanin concentrations, and yellow onion contributed beneficial genetic variation to enhance red bulb color. Significant correlations were observed between these anthocyanin concentrations and panel scores, indicating that visual selection should be effective for increasing anthocyanin levels in onion bulbs. These selected populations may be more attractive to consumers, potentially provide health benefits from increased anthocyanin consumption, and be a source of natural colorants. C1 [Duangjit, Janejira] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Duangjit, Janejira] Kasetsart Univ, Fac Agr, Bangkok 10900, Thailand. [Welsh, Kent] Olam Spices & Vegetable Ingredients, Hanford, CA 93230 USA. [Wise, Mitchell L.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bohanec, Borut] Univ Ljubljana, Biotechnol Fac, Dept Agron, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2008-51180-04875]; Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network of Thailand's Commission on Higher Education FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of grant number 2008-51180-04875 from the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative and scholarship support for J.D. from the Strategic Scholarships for Frontier Research Network of Thailand's Commission on Higher Education. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 1 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0018-2 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AH9AW UT WOS:000336432100007 ER PT J AU Gong, L Li, CF Capatana, A Feng, JH Qi, LL Seiler, GJ Jan, CC AF Gong, Li Li, Caifeng Capatana, Ana Feng, Jiuhuan Qi, Lili Seiler, Gerald J. Jan, Chao-Chien TI Molecular mapping of three nuclear male sterility mutant genes in cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Sunflower; Nuclear male sterility (NMS); Simple sequence repeat (SSR); Marker-assisted breeding ID GENIC MALE-STERILITY; RFLP LINKAGE MAP; MALE-FERTILITY; SSR MARKERS; OR(5) GENE; RESISTANCE; CONSTRUCTION; RICE; IDENTIFICATION; POLYMORPHISMS AB The nuclear male sterility (NMS) trait is a useful tool for sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) breeding and genetic programs. Previously, we induced NMS mutants in cultivated line HA 89. The mutants possessed single recessive genes ms (6), ms (7), and ms (8), respectively, in NMS HA 89-872, NMS HA 89-552, and NMS HA 89-747. Bulked segregant analysis based on the male-fertile and male-sterile DNA pools and 560 simple sequence repeat and insertion/deletion markers randomly selected from 17 linkage groups (LGs) were used to locate ms (6) to LG16, ms (7) to LG6, and ms (8) to LG5. Subsequent genotyping of three F2 populations of 88, 93, and 76 individuals confirmed their map positions. Additional polymorphic markers derived from four restriction fragment length polymorphism-converted sequence-tagged site primer pairs were identified. A partial linkage map consisting of eight markers was constructed for the ms (6) locus, covering a region of 69.24 cM, with markers ORS807 and ORS996 flanking the ms (6) locus at distances of 7.2 and 18.5 cM, respectively. Six markers were constructed for ms (7), covering a region of 53.4 cM, with ORS608 and ORS1229 flanking ms (7) at distances of 2.6 and 9.5 cM, respectively. Ten markers were constructed for ms (8), covering a region of 18.0 cM, with six markers below ms (8) and CRT518 above flanking ms (8) at distances of 7.4 and 3.8 cM, respectively. The markers and mapping information will be useful for selection of the recessive NMS genes in sunflower breeding programs. C1 [Gong, Li] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Li, Caifeng] Northeast Agr Univ, Coll Agr, Harbin 150030, Peoples R China. [Capatana, Ana] Moldova State Univ, Dept Plant sci, Kishinev 2060, MD, Moldova. [Feng, Jiuhuan] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Qi, Lili; Seiler, Gerald J.; Jan, Chao-Chien] ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Jan, CC (reprint author), ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, USDA, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM aagongli@hotmail.com; licaifeng@neau.edu.cn; ana_c27@yahoo.com; jiuhuan.feng@sdstate.edu; chaochien.jan@ars.usda.gov FU Moldova Research and Development Association; Civilian Research and Development Association [MTFP-1017A] FX The authors thank Jinguo Hu and Bing Yue for technical assistance. We would also like to thank Larry G. Campbell and Steven S. Xu for their critical review of this manuscript. Part of this work was supported by a grant to A. C. from the Moldova Research and Development Association and Civilian Research and Development Association travel project MTFP-1017A. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 34 IS 1 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0026-2 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AH9AW UT WOS:000336432100013 ER PT J AU Chen, WQ Wellings, C Chen, XM Kang, ZS Liu, TG AF Chen, Wanquan Wellings, Colin Chen, Xianming Kang, Zhengsheng Liu, Taiguo TI Wheat stripe (yellow) rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp.tritici SO MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Review DE genes for resistance; infection procedure; population biology; molecular aspect; life cycle ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; SP TRITICI INTERACTION; UNITED-STATES; F.SP TRITICI; DURABLE RESISTANCE; UROMYCES-FABAE; BREAD WHEAT; PHYSIOLOGICAL SPECIALIZATION; COMPATIBLE INTERACTION; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS AB Stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a serious disease of wheat occurring in most wheat areas with cool and moist weather conditions during the growing season. The basidiomycete fungus is an obligate biotrophic parasite that is difficult to culture on artificial media. Pst is a macrocyclic, heteroecious fungus that requires both primary (wheat or grasses) and alternate (Berberis or Mahonia spp.) host plants to complete its life cycle. Urediniospores have the capacity for wind dispersal over long distances, which may, under high inoculum pressure, extend to thousands of kilometres from the initial infection sites. Stripe rust, which is considered to be the current major rust disease affecting winter cereal production across the world, has been studied intensively for over a century. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the Pst-wheat pathosystem, with emphasis on the life cycle, uredinial infection process, population biology of the pathogen, genes for stripe rust resistance in wheat and molecular perspectives of wheat-Pst interactions. Taxonomy The stripe rust pathogen, Puccinia striiformis Westend. (Ps), is classified in kingdom Fungi, phylum Basidiomycota, class Urediniomycetes, order Uredinales, family Pucciniaceae, genus Puccinia. Ps is separated below the species level by host specialization on various grass genera, comprising up to nine formae speciales, of which P. striiformis f. sp. tritici Erikss. (Pst) causes stripe (or yellow) rust on wheat. Host range Uredinial/telial hosts: Pst mainly infects common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), durum wheat (T. turgidum var. durum L.), cultivated emmer wheat (T. dicoccum Schrank), wild emmer wheat (T. dicoccoides Korn) and triticale (Triticosecale). Pst can infect certain cultivated barleys (Hordeum vulgare L.) and rye (Secale cereale L.), but generally does not cause severe epidemics. In addition, Pst may infect naturalized and improved pasture grass species, such as Elymus canadensis L. , Leymus secalinus Hochst, Agropyron spp. Garetn, Hordeum spp. L., Phalaris spp. L and Bromus unioloides Kunth. Pycnial/aecial (alternative) hosts: Barberry (Berberis chinensis, B. koreana, B. holstii, B. vulgaris, B. shensiana, B. potaninii, B. dolichobotrys, B. heteropoda, etc.) and Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium). Disease symptoms Stripe rust appears as a mass of yellow to orange urediniospores erupting from pustules arranged in long, narrow stripes on leaves (usually between veins), leaf sheaths, glumes and awns on susceptible plants. Resistant wheat cultivars are characterized by various infection types from no visual symptoms to small hypersensitive flecks to uredinia surrounded by chlorosis or necrosis with restricted urediniospore production. On seedlings, uredinia produced by the infection of a single urediniospore are not confined by leaf veins, but progressively emerge from the infection site in all directions, potentially covering the entire leaf surface. Individual uredinial pustules are oblong, 0.4-0.7 mm in length and 0.1 mm in width. Urediniospores are broadly ellipsoidal to broadly obovoid, (16-)18-30(-32) x (15-)17-27(-28) mu m, with a mean of 24.5 x 21.6 mu m, yellow to orange in colour, echinulate, and with 6-18 scattered germ pores. Urediniospores can germinate rapidly when free moisture (rain or dew) occurs on leaf surfaces and when the temperatures range is between 7 and 12 degrees C. At higher temperatures or during the later growing stages of the host, black telia are often produced, which are pulvinate to oblong, 0.2-0. 7 mm in length and 0.1 mm in width. The teliospores are predominantly two-celled, dark brown with thick walls, mostly oblong-clavate, (24-)31-56(-65) x (11-)14-25(-29) mu m in length and width, and rounded or flattened at the apex. C1 [Chen, Wanquan; Liu, Taiguo] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Wellings, Colin] Univ Sydney, Plant Breeding Inst, Narellan, NSW 2567, Australia. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kang, Zhengsheng] Northwest Agr & Forestry Univ, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. RP Chen, WQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Inst Plant Protect, West Yuan Ming Yuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM wqchen@ippcaas.cn FU Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2013CB127701, 20011CB100403]; Ministry of Agriculture, China [200903035, CARS-03-04B] FX Financial support by the Ministry of Science and Technology, China (Grant nos. 2013CB127701 and 20011CB100403) and Ministry of Agriculture, China (Grant nos. 200903035 and CARS-03-04B) is gratefully acknowledged. We also thank our colleagues Drs Jing Feng, Bo Liu, Li Gao, Jie Zhao and Xiaojie Wang for their contribution to the survey and literature collection. NR 165 TC 35 Z9 41 U1 15 U2 148 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1464-6722 EI 1364-3703 J9 MOL PLANT PATHOL JI Mol. Plant Pathol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 BP 433 EP 446 DI 10.1111/mpp.12116 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AG9XC UT WOS:000335772300002 PM 24373199 ER PT J AU Mostaedi, R Lackey, DE Adams, SH Dada, SA Hoda, ZA Ali, MR AF Mostaedi, Rouzbeh Lackey, Denise E. Adams, Sean H. Dada, Stephen A. Hoda, Zahid A. Ali, Mohamed R. TI Prevalence of Undiagnosed and Inadequately Treated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, and Dyslipidemia in Morbidly Obese Patients Who Present for Bariatric Surgery SO OBESITY SURGERY LA English DT Article DE Diabetes mellitus; Hypertension; Dyslipidemia; Metabolic syndrome; Obesity; Comorbidities; Bariatric surgery; Pharmacotherapy ID UNITED-STATES; METABOLIC SYNDROME; WEIGHT-LOSS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; EUROPEAN-ASSOCIATION; CONSENSUS STATEMENT; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; RISK-FACTORS; LIFE-STYLE AB Pharmacotherapy is considered the primary treatment modality for diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN), and dyslipidemia (DYS). We sought to investigate the status of DM, HTN, and DYS in patients who seek bariatric surgery. Demographic and comorbidity history were prospectively collected on 1,508 patients referred for bariatric consultation at a single institution from February 2008 to March 2012. We utilized published consensus guidelines (GL) to benchmark the efficacy of standard pharmacotherapy for these metabolic diseases, and 881 patients met the study design criteria. Most patients exhibited at least one form of metabolic dysregulation (pre-DM or DM, 75.8 %; pre-HTN or HTN, 91.1 %; pre-DYS or DYS, 84.0 %; metabolic syndrome, 76.0 %). The majority of patients either did not meet GL treatment goals (DM, 45.7 %; HTN, 39.5 %; DYS, 22.3 %) or were previously undiagnosed (DM, 15.8 %; HTN, 13.7 %; DYS, 41.7 %). Non-GL pharmacotherapy was significantly less effective than GL pharmacotherapy at achieving treatment goals for DM (31.8 vs 53.2 %, p < 0.001) and HTN (43.6 vs 63.2 %, p = 0.007). Patients with concurrent DM, HTN, and DYS (35.5 %) were less likely than patients with only one or two of these metabolic diseases to achieve GL treatment goals for HTN (38.1 vs 72.6 %, p < 0.001) and DYS (55.7 vs 73.8 %, p = 0.002). Only 8.0 % of these patients achieved treatment goals for all three metabolic comorbidities. In this patient group, DM, HTN, and DYS were poorly compensated, even when pharmacotherapy was consistent with published GL. This may be due to disease burden in bariatric surgery candidates or to inadequate medical management prior to presentation. C1 [Mostaedi, Rouzbeh; Dada, Stephen A.; Hoda, Zahid A.; Ali, Mohamed R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Surg, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Lackey, Denise E.; Adams, Sean H.] USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Serv, Davis, CA USA. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Ali, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Surg, 2221 Stockton Blvd,Cypress Bldg, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. EM mrali@ucdavis.edu FU Foundation for Surgical Fellowships FX William H. Smith, B.S., provided administrative, technical, and material support. Research supported in part by an educational grant from the Foundation for Surgical Fellowships. NR 43 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0960-8923 EI 1708-0428 J9 OBES SURG JI Obes. Surg. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 927 EP 935 DI 10.1007/s11695-014-1196-z PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA AH8FY UT WOS:000336372300015 PM 24522720 ER PT J AU Liu, LJ Filkov, V Groover, A AF Liu, Lijun Filkov, Vladimir Groover, Andrew TI Modeling transcriptional networks regulating secondary growth and wood formation in forest trees SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Review ID DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; RNA-SEQ; GENE-EXPRESSION; HUMAN GENOME; POPULUS; POPLAR; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; CELL; TOOL AB The complex interactions among the genes that underlie a biological process can be modeled and presented as a transcriptional network, in which genes (nodes) and their interactions (edges) are shown in a graphical form similar to a wiring diagram. A large number of genes have been identified that are expressed during the radial woody growth of tree stems (secondary growth), but a comprehensive understanding of how these genes interact to influence woody growth is currently lacking. Modeling transcriptional networks has recently been made tractable by next-generation sequencing-based technologies that can comprehensively catalog gene expression and transcription factor-binding genome-wide, but has not yet been extensively applied to undomesticated tree species or woody growth. Here we discuss basic features of transcriptional networks, approaches for modeling biological networks, and examples of biological network models developed for forest trees to date. We discuss how transcriptional network research is being developed in the model forest tree genus, Populus, and how this research area can be further developed and applied. Transcriptional network models for forest tree secondary growth and wood formation could ultimately provide new predictive models to accelerate hypothesis-driven research and develop new breeding applications. C1 [Liu, Lijun; Groover, Andrew] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Filkov, Vladimir] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Groover, Andrew] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Groover, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM agroover@fs.fed.us FU US Forest Service; USDA AFRI; DOE IAA [DE-SC0005581] FX This work received funds from US Forest Service, USDA AFRI and DOE IAA Award No. DE-SC0005581. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-9317 EI 1399-3054 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 151 IS 2 SI SI BP 156 EP 163 DI 10.1111/ppl.12113 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH0IS UT WOS:000335803200006 PM 24117954 ER PT J AU Chiang, KS Liu, SC Bock, CH Gottwald, TR AF Chiang, Kuo-Szu Liu, Shih-Chia Bock, Clive H. Gottwald, Tim R. TI What Interval Characteristics Make a Good Categorical Disease Assessment Scale? SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HORSFALL-BARRATT SCALE; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; CITRUS CANKER; VISUAL ESTIMATION; RATING-SCALES; LEAF-SPOT; SEVERITY; VALIDATION; ACCURACY; SYMPTOMS AB Plant pathologists most often obtain quantitative information on disease severity using visual assessments. Category scales have been used for assessing plant disease severity in field experiments, epidemiological studies, and for screening germplasm. The most widely used category scale is the Horsfall-Barratt (H-B) scale, but reports show that estimates of disease severity using the H-B scale are less precise compared with nearest percent estimates (NPEs) using the 0 to 100% ratio scale. Few studies have compared different category scales. The objective of this study was to compare NPEs, the H-B midpoint converted data, and four different linear category scales (5 and 10% increments, with and without additional grades at low severity [0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0...100%, and 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0...100%, respectively]). Results of simulations based on known distributions of disease estimation using the type II error rate (the risk of failing to reject Ho when Ho is false) showed that at disease severity a 10% category scale had a greater probability of failing to reject Ho when Ho is false compared with all other methods, while the H-B scale performed least well at 20 to 50% severity. The 5% category scale performed as well as NPEs except when disease severity was <= 1.%. Both the 5 and 10% category scales with the additional grades included performed as well as NPEs. These results were confirmed with a mixed model analysis and bootstrap analysis of the original rater assessment data. A better knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of category scale types will provide a basis for plant pathologists and plant breeders seeking to maximize accuracy and reliability of assessments to make an informed decision when choosing a disease assessment method. C1 [Chiang, Kuo-Szu] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Div Biometr, Dept Agron, Taichung 402, Taiwan. [Liu, Shih-Chia] Minist Hlth & Welf, Hlth Promot Adm, Surveillance & Res Div, Taichung 403, Taiwan. [Bock, Clive H.] USDA ARS, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Gottwald, Tim R.] USDA ARS, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bock, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, SEFTNRL, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM clive.bock@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2014 VL 104 IS 6 BP 575 EP 585 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-10-13-0279-R PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH6KN UT WOS:000336239900002 PM 24450461 ER PT J AU Kostiainen, K Saranpaa, P Lundqvist, SO Kubiske, ME Vapaavuori, E AF Kostiainen, Katri Saranpaa, Pekka Lundqvist, Sven-Olof Kubiske, Mark E. Vapaavuori, Elina TI Wood properties of Populus and Betula in long-term exposure to elevated CO2 and O-3 SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Betula papyrifera; FACE; global change; Populus tremuloides; SilviScan; wood anatomy; wood density ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FOREST TREES; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; MICROFIBRIL ANGLE; VESSEL PROPERTIES; TREMBLING ASPEN; JUVENILE WOOD; LIKELY IMPACT AB We studied the interactive effects of elevated concentrations of CO2 and O-3 on radial growth and wood properties of four trembling aspen (Populus tremuloidesMichx.) clones and paper birch (Betula papyriferaMarsh.) saplings. The material for the study was collected from the Aspen FACE (free-air CO2 enrichment) experiment in Rhinelander (WI, USA). Trees had been exposed to four treatments [control, elevated CO2 (560ppm), elevated O-3 (1.5 times ambient) and combined CO2+O-3] during growing seasons 1998-2008. Most treatment responses were observed in the early phase of experiment. Our results show that the CO2- and O-3-exposed aspen trees displayed a differential balance between efficiency and safety of water transport. Under elevated CO2, radial growth was enhanced and the trees had fewer but hydraulically more efficient larger diameter vessels. In contrast, elevated O-3 decreased radial growth and the diameters of vessels and fibres. Clone-specific decrease in wood density and cell wall thickness was observed under elevated CO2. In birch, the treatments had no major impacts on wood anatomy or wood density. Our study indicates that short-term impact studies conducted with young seedlings may not give a realistic view of long-term ecosystem responses. We studied whether growth changes induced by elevated CO2 and/or O3 were maintained during 11-year exposure in the field and how they reflected to wood structure of aspen and birch. Neither CO2 nor O3 responses were consistent throughout the experiment, but they both varied annually and were more often seen early in the experiment. Our results show that the CO2- and O3-exposed aspen trees displayed a differential balance between efficiency and safety of water transport: the CO2 trees with enhanced radial growth had fewer but hydraulically more efficient larger-diameter vessels. Our study indicates that short-term impact studies conducted with young seedlings may not give a realistic view of long-term ecosystem responses. C1 [Kostiainen, Katri; Vapaavuori, Elina] Finnish Forest Res Inst, FI-77600 Suonenjoki, Finland. [Saranpaa, Pekka] Finnish Forest Res Inst, FI-01301 Vantaa, Finland. [Lundqvist, Sven-Olof] Innventia, SE-11486 Stockholm, Sweden. [Kubiske, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Kostiainen, K (reprint author), Finnish Forest Res Inst, FI-77600 Suonenjoki, Finland. EM katri.kostiainen@metla.fi RI Saranpaa, Pekka/C-2114-2008 FU Academy of Finland [640077]; Finnish Cultural Foundation; Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-95ER62125]; USDA Forest Service Northern Global Change Program; Michigan Technological University; USDA Forest Service North Central Research Station FX This research was supported by the Academy of Finland (project no. 640077) and the Finnish Cultural Foundation (a grant to K.K.). The Aspen FACE site was principally supported by the Office of Science (BER), U.S. Department of Energy, grant no. DE-FG02-95ER62125. Other funding for operating the Aspen FACE site came from the USDA Forest Service Northern Global Change Program, Michigan Technological University and the USDA Forest Service North Central Research Station. We thank the personnel at the Aspen FACE site, Finnish Forest Research Institute and Innventia for their skilful technical assistance. NR 78 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 47 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7791 EI 1365-3040 J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON JI Plant Cell Environ. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 37 IS 6 BP 1452 EP 1463 DI 10.1111/pce.12261 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AG5HV UT WOS:000335451000017 PM 24372544 ER PT J AU Stevens, ME Pijut, PM AF Stevens, Micah E. Pijut, Paula M. TI Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and plant regeneration of the hardwood tree species Fraxinus profunda SO PLANT CELL REPORTS LA English DT Article DE Fraxinus; Genetic transformation; Pumpkin ash; Regeneration; Vitro ID EMERALD ASH BORER; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; NORTH-AMERICAN; FOREST BIOTECHNOLOGY; NATURAL ENEMIES; WHITE ASH; BUPRESTIDAE; L.; CHINA; HYMENOPTERA AB This transformation and regeneration protocol provides an integral framework for the genetic improvement of Fraxinus profunda (pumpkin ash) for future development of plants resistant to the emerald ash borer. Using mature hypocotyls as the initial explants, an Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation system was successfully developed for pumpkin ash (Fraxinus profunda). This transformation protocol is an invaluable tool to combat the highly aggressive, non-native emerald ash borer (EAB), which has the potential to eliminate native Fraxinus spp. from the natural landscape. Hypocotyls were successfully transformed with Agrobacterium strain EHA105 harboring the pq35GR vector, containing an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as well as a fusion gene between neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) and gusA. Hypocotyls were cultured for 7 days on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 22.2 mu M 6-benzyladenine (BA), 4.5 mu M thidiazuron (TDZ), 50 mg L-1 adenine hemisulfate (AS), and 10 % coconut water (CW) prior to transformation. Hypocotyls were transformed using 90 s sonication plus 10 min vacuum infiltration after Agrobacterium was exposed to 100 mu M acetosyringone for 1 h. Adventitious shoots were regenerated on MS medium with 22.2 mu M BA, 4.5 mu M TDZ, 50 mg L-1 AS, 10 % CW, 400 mg L-1 timentin, and 20 mg L-1 kanamycin. Timentin at 400 and 20 mg L-1 kanamycin were most effective at controlling Agrobacterium growth and selecting for transformed cells, respectively. The presence of nptII, GUS (beta-glucuronidase), and EGFP in transformed plants was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), while the expression of EGFP was also confirmed through fluorescent microscopy and reverse transcription-PCR. This transformation protocol provides an integral foundation for future genetic modifications of F. profunda to provide resistance to EAB. C1 [Stevens, Micah E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Pijut, Paula M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Pijut, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, HTIRC, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ppijut@purdue.edu RI Pijut, Paula/N-6789-2015 FU Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service-Plant Protection and Quarantine-Center for Plant Health Science and Technology FX The authors gratefully acknowledge Drs. Robert L. Geneve and Armand Seguin for their constructive review and suggestions for the improvement of this manuscript. The authors would also like to acknowledge Dr. Jody Banks (Purdue University) for use of the fluorescence stereomicroscope and Dr. Dennis J. Gray (University of Florida) for the transformation vector pq35GR. This research was supported by a Fred M. van Eck scholarship for Purdue University to Micah Stevens, with partial funding from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service-Plant Protection and Quarantine-Center for Plant Health Science and Technology. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0721-7714 EI 1432-203X J9 PLANT CELL REP JI Plant Cell Reports PD JUN PY 2014 VL 33 IS 6 BP 861 EP 870 DI 10.1007/s00299-014-1562-2 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH6WI UT WOS:000336272300005 PM 24493252 ER PT J AU Lee, J AF Lee, Jungmin TI Marketplace Analysis Demonstrates Quality Control Standards Needed for Black Raspberry Dietary Supplements SO PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Authenticity; Adulteration; Pigment; Rubus; Rubus occidentalis L; Black cap ID PHOTODIODE-ARRAY DETECTION; ANTHOCYANIN PIGMENT; FRUIT JUICES; COLORANTS; PRODUCTS AB There is currently no standard for the minimum anthocyanin concentration a black raspberry dietary supplement must contain for legal sale in the US. All consumer available black raspberry products (n = 19), packaged as dietary supplements or otherwise prepared (freeze-dried whole and pre-ground powders), were purchased and analyzed for their anthocyanin composition and concentration. Seven of the 19 samples contained no anthocyanins from black raspberry fruit, while three of those seven (without black raspberry fruit) had no anthocyanins of any kind. There was a wide range of anthocyanin concentration within the remaining products (18.1-2,904.8 mg/100 g; n = 12). When expressed as per capsule or per similar to 1 teaspoon, concentration ranged from 0.1 to 145.2 mg (average 28 mg; n = 12). Until US dietary supplement labeling comes under regulatory oversight similar to food guidelines, foods are a more dependable source for dietary phenolics than supplements. C1 ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, Parma, ID 83660 USA. RP Lee, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit Worksite, 29603 U I Ln, Parma, ID 83660 USA. EM jungmin.lee@ars.usda.gov RI Lee, Jungmin/G-6555-2013 OI Lee, Jungmin/0000-0002-8660-9444 FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS [5358-21000-047-00D]; Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) from USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2011-51181-30676] FX We thank Dr. Michael Dossett of BC Blueberry Council (in partnership with Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada) and Dr. Chad E. Finn of USDA for 'Munger' fruit. This project was funded by USDA-Agricultural Research Service (ARS) CRIS number 5358-21000-047-00D and a Specialty Crop Research Initiative (SCRI) grant number 2011-51181-30676 from USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-9668 EI 1573-9104 J9 PLANT FOOD HUM NUTR JI Plant Food Hum. Nutr. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 BP 161 EP 167 DI 10.1007/s11130-014-0416-y PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AH8NC UT WOS:000336393700012 PM 24763926 ER PT J AU Wei, X Chen, CX Yu, QB Gady, A Yu, Y Liang, GL Gmitter, FG AF Wei, Xu Chen, Chunxian Yu, Qibin Gady, Antoine Yu, Yuan Liang, Guolu Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr. TI Novel expression patterns of carotenoid pathway-related genes in citrus leaves and maturing fruits SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Valencia orange; Carotenoid biosynthesis pathway; qRT-PCR; HPLC; Fruit maturation ID ENCODING PHYTOENE DESATURASE; JUICE SACS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BIOSYNTHETIC-PATHWAY; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; SEASONAL-CHANGES; SYNTHASE GENE; ORANGE JUICES; ZETA-CAROTENE; TOMATO FRUIT AB Carotenoids are abundant in citrus fruits and vary among cultivars and species. In the present study, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to investigate the expression patterns of 23 carotenoid biosynthesis gene family members and their possible relation with carotenoid accumulation in fresh flavedo, juice sacs and leaves of Valencia orange during fruit maturation. Violaxanthin and lutein mainly accumulated in fruit (flavedo and juice sacs) and leaves (young and mature), respectively, accounting for nearly 79 %, 57 %, 53 % and 70 % of corresponding total carotenoids in February. Violaxanthin content quickly began to increase in flavedo in December, but the increase in juice sacs began later in January. In mature leaves, lutein content was three times that in young leaves; alpha-carotene and beta-carotene were also much higher in mature leaves than in flavedo or juice sacs. Generally most of the carotenoid biosynthesis gene members were expressed at higher levels in flavedo than in juice sacs, and the expression of some continued to increase in flavedo during fruit maturation. All CHYB members expressed at high levels and had similar patterns in juice sacs. Interestingly, the capsanthin capsorubin synthase (CCS) members had similar expression levels and patterns in flavedo and juice sacs. Differences in gene expression between leaf and fruit tissues were noted, pointing to some tissue specificity for certain members of the gene families associated with carotenogenesis. The expression patterns of these 23 citrus carotenoid biosynthesis gene members were also compared with their expression patterns in other plants. Taken together, these first-hand expression data will be useful to define the tissue-specific roles of each gene member in accumulation of different carotenoids in citrus leaves and maturing fruits. C1 [Wei, Xu; Liang, Guolu] Southwest Univ, Coll Hort & Landscape, Chongqing 400715, Peoples R China. [Wei, Xu; Chen, Chunxian; Yu, Qibin; Gady, Antoine; Yu, Yuan; Gmitter, Frederick G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Chen, Chunxian] ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, USDA, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Gmitter, FG (reprint author), Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, 700 Expt Stn Rd, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM lianggl@swu.edu.cn; fgmitter@ufl.edu FU New Varieties Development and Management Corporation (NVDMC) FX This research was supported by grants from the New Varieties Development and Management Corporation (NVDMC). The authors would like to thank Mrs. M. Wendell, Dr. Jose I. Reyes, Shelley Jones, Mei Song and Dr. Faraj Hijaz (University of Florida, CREC) and Dr. Giovanna Iafelice (University of Molise) for their technical support and advice in planning the project. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 439 EP 448 DI 10.1007/s11295-013-0688-7 PG 10 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA AH8PC UT WOS:000336399200001 ER PT J AU Hayden, KJ Garbelotto, M Knaus, BJ Cronn, RC Rai, H Wright, JW AF Hayden, Katherine J. Garbelotto, Matteo Knaus, Brian J. Cronn, Richard C. Rai, Hardeep Wright, Jessica W. TI Dual RNA-seq of the plant pathogen Phytophthora ramorum and its tanoak host SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Hemibiotroph; Host-pathogen interactions; Oomycete; Pathogenesis; Sudden oak death ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; LITHOCARPUS-DENSIFLORUS; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; FOREST TREES; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; HUMAN GENOME; SP-NOV.; CALIFORNIA; GENE; SEQUENCES AB Emergent diseases are an ever-increasing threat to forests and forest ecosystems and necessitate the development of research tools for species that often may have few pre-existing resources. We sequenced the mRNA expressed by the sudden oak death pathogen Phytophthora ramorum and its most susceptible forest host, tanoak, within the same tissue at two time points after inoculation, and in uninfected tanoak controls. Using the P. ramorum genome to differentiate host and pathogen transcripts, we detected more than 850 P. ramorum transcripts at 5 days post-inoculation and a concurrent upregulation of host genes usually associated with pathogenicity. At 1 day, in contrast, we did not detect pathogen expression or significant enrichment of functional categories of host transcripts relative to controls, highlighting the importance of sequencing depth for in planta studies of host-pathogen interactions. This study highlights processes in molecular host-pathogen interactions in forest trees and provides a first reference transcriptome for tanoak, allowing the preliminary identification of disease-related genes in this study and facilitating future work for this and other members of the family Fagaceae. C1 [Hayden, Katherine J.; Garbelotto, Matteo] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Knaus, Brian J.; Cronn, Richard C.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Rai, Hardeep] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Wright, Jessica W.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Hayden, Katherine J.] Univ Lorraine, UMR1136, Interact Arbres Microorganismes, F-54500 Vandoeuvre Les Nancy, France. [Hayden, Katherine J.] UMR1136, INRA, Interact Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France. RP Hayden, KJ (reprint author), UMR1136, INRA, Interact Arbres Microorganismes, F-54280 Champenoux, France. EM katherine.hayden@nancy.inra.fr OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU Western Forest Transcriptome Survey of the USDA-Forest Service: Pacific Northwest Research Station; Western Forest Transcriptome Survey of the USDA-Forest Service: Pacific Southwest Research Station; Western Forest Transcriptome Survey of the USDA-Forest Service: Rocky Mountain Research Station; Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases Program FX We are grateful for funding provided by the Western Forest Transcriptome Survey of the USDA-Forest Service: Pacific Northwest Research Station, Pacific Southwest Research Station, and Rocky Mountain Research Stations; the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; and the National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases Program. We thank Abdelali Barakat, Kenan Celtik, Tara Jennings, Alex Lundquist, Barb Rotz, and Chris Sullivan for generous assistance. NR 106 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 47 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 489 EP 502 DI 10.1007/s11295-014-0698-0 PG 14 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA AH8PC UT WOS:000336399200005 ER PT J AU Parks, A Jenkins, M Ostry, M Zhao, P Woeste, K AF Parks, Amanda Jenkins, Michael Ostry, Michael Zhao, Peng Woeste, Keith TI Biotic and abiotic factors affecting the genetic structure and diversity of butternut in the southern Appalachian Mountains, USA SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Butternut canker disease; Juglans cinerea; Forest genetics; Conservation genetics; Hardwood; Hybridization; Ophiognomonia clavigigenti-juglandacearum ID GREAT-SMOKY-MOUNTAINS; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; JUGLANS-CINEREA L.; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NATIONAL-PARK; PLANT-POPULATIONS; PINUS-STROBUS; TREE; CONSERVATION AB The abundance of butternut (Juglans cinerea L.) trees has severely declined rangewide over the past 50 years. An important factor in the decline is butternut canker, a disease caused by the fungus Ophiognomonia clavigigenti-juglandacearum, which has left the remaining butternuts isolated and sparsely distributed. To manage the remaining populations effectively, information regarding how butternut's population genetic structure is affected by environmental and historical factors is needed. In this study, we assessed genetic structure and diversity of 161 butternut trees from 19 adjacent watersheds in the southern portion of butternut's range using 12 microsatellite markers. We assessed the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation among trees grouped at various spatial scales. Our goal was to use historical abundance and land use data for these watersheds, which are now all a part of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), to understand the ecological and evolutionary forces that challenge the conservation and management of butternut. In general, butternuts within the 19 neighboring watersheds were all part of one continuous population, with gene flow throughout. Significant genetic differentiation was detected between some groups of trees, but the differentiation was quite small and may not represent an ecologically significant distinction. The mean heterozygosity in all watersheds remained high, despite extensive mortality. Overall, genetic diversity and rare alleles were evenly distributed across all watersheds, with some variability in subpopulations containing butternut-Japanese walnut hybrids (Juglans x bixbyi or buarts). These results indicate that management of this species should focus on protection from future hybridization with Japanese walnut, promotion of regeneration, and persistence of all remaining butternut trees, which still retain high levels of genetic diversity. C1 [Parks, Amanda; Jenkins, Michael] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ostry, Michael] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Zhao, Peng] NW Univ Xian, Coll Life Sci, Key Lab Resource Biol & Biotechnol Western China, Minist Educ, Xian 710069, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Woeste, Keith] Purdue Univ, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv,Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Woeste, K (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv,Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM woeste@purdue.edu RI Jenkins, Michael/F-7396-2016 FU Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center (United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station); Department of Forestry and Natural Resources at Purdue University FX We would like to thank the employees and volunteers of Great Smoky Mountains National Park for providing invaluable support for this project, especially Tom Remaley, Janet Rock, Keith Langdon, Kristine Johnson, Glenn Taylor, Emily Darling, Emily Guss, and Paul Super for contributing their time and resources to facilitate our work in GSMNP. Field assistance was provided by H. Seiner, B. Greene, V. Meyer, B. Moehl, J. Albritton, M. Cooke, S. Simpson, J. Byrne, M. Duffy, M. Clebsch, C. Pan, M. Williams, K. Hansen, C. deGuia, L. Combs, C. Black, D. Love, D. Clabo, and K. Mann. William Beatty provided useful advice for statistical analyses. This work was supported by the Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center (United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station) and the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources at Purdue University. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 541 EP 554 DI 10.1007/s11295-014-0702-8 PG 14 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA AH8PC UT WOS:000336399200009 ER PT J AU Bowen, J Ireland, HS Crowhurst, R Luo, ZW Watson, AE Foster, T Gapper, N Giovanonni, JJ Mattheis, JP Watkins, C Rudell, D Johnston, JW Schaffer, RJ AF Bowen, Judith Ireland, Hilary S. Crowhurst, Ross Luo, Zhiwei Watson, Amy E. Foster, Toshi Gapper, Nigel Giovanonni, Jim J. Mattheis, James P. Watkins, Chris Rudell, David Johnston, Jason W. Schaffer, Robert J. TI Selection of low-variance expressed Malus x domestica (apple) genes for use as quantitative PCR reference genes (housekeepers) SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE mRNA-seq; Malus x domestica; qPCR; Reference genes ID SUITABLE REFERENCE GENES; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; GENOMICS APPROACH; FRUIT; ETHYLENE; NORMALIZATION; ARABIDOPSIS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOSYNTHESIS; VALIDATION AB To accurately measure gene expression using PCR-based approaches, there is the need for reference genes that have low variance in expression (housekeeping genes) to normalise the data for RNA quantity and quality. For non-model species such as Malus x domestica (apples), previously, the selection of reference genes relied on using homology to reference genes in model species. In this study, a genomics approach was used to identify apple genes with low variance in expression in 217 messenger RNA (mRNA)-seq data sets covering different tissues, during fruit development, and treated with a range of different stress conditions. Ten potential reference genes were chosen for validation by quantitative PCR (qPCR) over 29 different tissue types and treatments. From the combined mRNA-seq and qPCR results, three potential reference genes are proposed that can be used as good controls for PCR based expression studies. The three genes show homology to lipid transfer proteins, phytochrome protein phosphatase and the ubiquitination pathway. With the progression of research away from non-model species, this approach provides a robust method for selecting candidate genes for use as reference genes in qPCR. C1 [Bowen, Judith; Ireland, Hilary S.; Crowhurst, Ross; Luo, Zhiwei; Schaffer, Robert J.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Watson, Amy E.; Foster, Toshi] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Gapper, Nigel; Watkins, Chris] Cornell Univ, Dept Hort, Ithaca, NY USA. [Gapper, Nigel; Giovanonni, Jim J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Mattheis, James P.; Rudell, David] ARS, USDA, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA USA. [Johnston, Jason W.] New Zealand Inst Plant & Food Res Ltd, Havelock North 4157, New Zealand. [Schaffer, Robert J.] Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. RP Schaffer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Sch Biol Sci, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. EM robert.schaffer@plantandfood.co.nz RI Johnston, Jason/D-5947-2016; foster, toshi/A-6373-2017; Ireland, Hilary/I-6314-2015; Watson, Amy/C-4774-2016 OI Johnston, Jason/0000-0002-6326-4885; foster, toshi/0000-0002-2829-4384; Ireland, Hilary/0000-0001-5072-7206; Watson, Amy/0000-0002-4505-5895 FU New Zealand MBIE (Pipfruit) [C06X0705]; US USDA:SCRI (Postharvest Toolbox) FX We would like to thank Niels Nieuwenhuizen for critically reading this manuscript and acknowledge New Zealand MBIE (Pipfruit, 'a juicy future', contract ID C06X0705) and the US USDA:SCRI (Postharvest Toolbox) for funding this work. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JUN PY 2014 VL 10 IS 3 BP 751 EP 759 DI 10.1007/s11295-014-0720-6 PG 9 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA AH8PC UT WOS:000336399200026 ER PT J AU Roman, LA Battles, JJ McBride, JR AF Roman, Lara A. Battles, John J. McBride, Joe R. TI The balance of planting and mortality in a street tree population SO URBAN ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Demography; Monitoring; Mortality curve; Oakland; Survivorship; Urban forest ID URBAN FOREST HEALTH; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; SIERRA-NEVADA; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; CALIFORNIA; PROGRAM; GROWTH; INVENTORY; DIVERSITY AB Street trees have aesthetic, environmental, human health, and economic benefits in urban ecosystems. Street tree populations are constructed by cycles of planting, growth, death, removal and replacement. The goals of this study were to understand how tree mortality and planting rates affect net population growth, evaluate the shape of the mortality curve, and assess selected risk factors for survival. We monitored a street tree population in West Oakland, CA for 5 years after an initial inventory (2006). We adapted the classic demographic balancing equation to quantify annual inputs and outputs to the system, tracking pools of live and standing dead trees. There was a 17.2 % net increase in live tree counts during the study period (995 in 2006, 1166 in 2011), with population growth observed each year. Of the live trees in 2006, 822 survived to 2011, for an annual mortality rate of 3.7 %. However, population growth was constrained by high mortality of young/small trees. Annual mortality was highest for small trees, and lower for mid-size and large trees; this represents a Type III mortality curve. We used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate the relationship between 2011 survival outcomes and inventory data from 2006. In the final model, significant associations were found for size class, foliage condition, planting location, and a multiplicative interaction term for size and foliage condition. Street tree populations are complex cultivated systems whose dynamics can be understood by a combination of longitudinal data and demographic analysis. Urban forest monitoring is important to understand the impact of tree planting programs. C1 [Roman, Lara A.; Battles, John J.; McBride, Joe R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roman, Lara A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Philadelphia Field Stn, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. RP Roman, LA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Philadelphia Field Stn, 100 N 20th St,Suite 205, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. EM lroman@fs.fed.us RI Battles, John/G-8233-2012 OI Battles, John/0000-0001-7124-7893 FU Garden Club of America's Urban Forestry Fellowship; University of California, Berkeley Schwabacher Fellowship FX This research was partially funded by the Garden Club of America's Urban Forestry Fellowship and the University of California, Berkeley Schwabacher Fellowship to L. A. Roman. We thank Q. Xiao and G.W. Tarver, Jr. for supplying the 2006 inventory data. We thank K. Shakur and staff at Urban Releaf their assistance with the field research, and their dedication to Oakland's urban forest. We are grateful to many UCB undergraduates for assistance with the annual tree monitoring. We thank D.J. Nowak, C. W. Woodall, J.S. Stanovick, and L. Mozingo for thoughtful critiques of the manuscript. NR 90 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 48 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1083-8155 EI 1573-1642 J9 URBAN ECOSYST JI Urban Ecosyst. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 17 IS 2 BP 387 EP 404 DI 10.1007/s11252-013-0320-5 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Urban Studies SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA AH8IY UT WOS:000336382700002 ER PT J AU Kane, ES Mazzoleni, LR Kratz, CJ Hribljan, JA Johnson, CP Pypker, TG Chimner, R AF Kane, Evan S. Mazzoleni, Lynn R. Kratz, Carley J. Hribljan, John A. Johnson, Christopher P. Pypker, Thomas G. Chimner, Rodney TI Peat porewater dissolved organic carbon concentration and lability increase with warming: a field temperature manipulation experiment in a poor-fen SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Peat; Climate change; Extracellular enzyme; Dissolved organic nitrogen; Dissolved organic carbon; Ericaceae; Sedge ID RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; BOREAL FOREST; MATTER FRACTIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; HUMIC ACIDS; SOILS; WATER; EXPORT; PEATLANDS AB Studies conducted across northern Europe and North America have shown increases in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in aquatic systems in recent decades. While there is little consensus as to the exact mechanisms for the increases in DOC, hypotheses converge on such climate change factors as warming, increased precipitation variability, and changes in atmospheric deposition. In this study, we tested the effects of warming on peat porewater composition by actively warming a peatland with infrared lamps mounted 1.24 m above the peat surface for 3 years. Mean growing season peat temperatures in the warmed plots (n = 5) were 1.9 +/- A 0.4 A degrees C warmer than the control plots at 5 cm depth (t statistic = 5.03, p = 0.007). Mean porewater DOC concentrations measured throughout the growing season were 15 % higher in the warmed plots (73.4 +/- A 3.2 mg L-1) than in the control plots (63.7 +/- A 2.1 mg L-1) at 25 cm (t = 4.69, p < 0.001). Furthermore, DOC from the warmed plots decayed nearly twice as fast as control plot DOC in laboratory incubations, and exhibited lower aromaticity than control plot porewater (reduction in SUVA(254) in heated plots compared with control plots). Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) concentrations tracked DOC patterns as expected, but the amount of dissolved N per unit C decreased with warming. Previous work has shown that warming increased net primary production at this site, and together with measured increases in the activities of chitinases and glucosidases we suggest that the increased DOC concentrations observed with warming were derived in part from microbial-plant interactions in the rhizosphere. We also detected more nitrogen containing compounds with higher double bond equivalents (DBE) unique to the warmed plots, within the pool of biomolecules able to deprotonate (16 % of all compounds identified using ultrahigh resolution ion electrospray mass spectrometry); we suggest these compounds could be the products of increased plant, microbial, and enzyme activity occurring with warming. With continued warming in peatlands, an increase in relatively labile DOC concentrations could contribute to dissolved exports of DOC in runoff, and would likely contribute to the pool of efficient electron donors (and acceptors) in the production of CO2 and CH4 in terrestrial and aquatic environments. C1 [Kane, Evan S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Kane, Evan S.; Kratz, Carley J.; Hribljan, John A.; Johnson, Christopher P.; Pypker, Thomas G.; Chimner, Rodney] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Mazzoleni, Lynn R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Chem, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Kane, ES (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM eskane@mtu.edu; lrmazzol@mtu.edu; cjkratz@mtu.edu; jahriblj@mtu.edu; cpjohnson8@wisc.edu; tgpypker@mtu.edu; rchimner@mtu.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Midwestern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University; Michigan Technological University Ecosystem Science Center FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science (BER) through the Midwestern Regional Center of the National Institute for Climatic Change Research at Michigan Technological University as well as the Michigan Technological University Ecosystem Science Center. We would like to thank Justina Silva and Jennifer Eikenberry for help with laboratory analysis, and Arvo Aljaste and Kristen Schmitt for help with field work. We appreciate the constructive comments from two anonymous reviewers. NR 110 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 89 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUN PY 2014 VL 119 IS 1-3 BP 161 EP 178 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-9955-4 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AH3MR UT WOS:000336028400011 ER PT J AU Lajtha, K Townsend, KL Kramer, MG Swanston, C Bowden, RD Nadelhoffer, K AF Lajtha, Kate Townsend, Kimberly L. Kramer, Marc G. Swanston, Christopher Bowden, Richard D. Nadelhoffer, Knute TI Changes to particulate versus mineral-associated soil carbon after 50 years of litter manipulation in forest and prairie experimental ecosystems SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Carbon stabilization; Density fractionation; Detrital manipulation treatments; DIRT; Forest; Prairie; Radiocarbon dating; Soil organic matter; SOM ID BOMB C-14 DATA; ORGANIC-MATTER; DENSITY FRACTIONATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; STABILIZATION; TEMPERATURE; TURNOVER; STORAGE; CYCLE; CO2 AB Models of ecosystem carbon (C) balance generally assume a strong relationship between NPP, litter inputs, and soil C accumulation, but there is little direct evidence for such a coupled relationship. Using a unique 50-year detrital manipulation experiment in a mixed deciduous forest and in restored prairie grasslands in Wisconsin, combined with sequential density fractionation, isotopic analysis, and short-term incubation, we examined the effects of detrital inputs and removals on soil C stabilization, destabilization, and quality. Both forested sites showed greater decline in bulk soil C content in litter removal plots (55 and 66 %) compared to increases in litter addition plots (27 and 38 % increase in surface soils compared to controls). No accumulation in the mineral fraction C was observed after 50 years of litter addition of the two forested plots, thus increases in the light density fraction pool drove patterns in total C content. Litter removal across both ecosystem types resulted in a decline in both free light fraction and mineral C content, with an overall 51 % decline in mineral-associated carbon in the intermediate (1.85-2.4 g cm(-3)) density pool; isotopic data suggest that it was preferentially younger C that was lost. In contrast to results from other, but younger litter manipulation sites, there was with no evidence of priming even in soils collected after 28 years of treatment. In prairie soils, aboveground litter exclusion had an effect on C levels similar to that of root exclusion, thus we did not see evidence that root-derived C is more critical to soil C sequestration. There was no clear evidence that soil C quality changed in litter addition plots in the forested sites; delta C-13 and Delta C-14 values, and incubation estimates of labile C were similar between control and litter addition soils. C quality appeared to change in litter removal plots; soils with litter excluded had Delta C-14 values indicative of longer mean residence times, delta C-13 values indicative of loss of fresh plant-derived C, and decreases in all light fraction C pools, although incubation estimates of labile C did not change. In prairie soils, delta C-13 values suggest a loss of recent C4-derived soil C in litter removal plots along with significant increases in mean residence time, especially in plots with removal of roots. Our results suggest surface mineral soils may be vulnerable to significant C loss in association with disturbance, land use change, or perhaps even climate change over century-decadal timescales, and also highlight the need for longer-term experimental manipulations to study soil organic matter dynamics. C1 [Lajtha, Kate; Townsend, Kimberly L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kramer, Marc G.] Univ Florida, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Swanston, Christopher] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Bowden, Richard D.] Allegheny Coll, Dept Environm Sci, Meadville, PA 16335 USA. [Nadelhoffer, Knute] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Lajtha, K (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM lajthak@science.oregonstate.edu FU NSF [0817064, 1257032] FX This study was supported in part by NSF Grants 0817064 and 1257032. We thank Kevin McSweeney and Brad Herrick for assistance in the field and granting us permission to sample in the plots, Fox Peterson for statistical and editorial help, and Jim LeMoine for laboratory help. NR 60 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 7 U2 124 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD JUN PY 2014 VL 119 IS 1-3 BP 341 EP 360 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-9970-5 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AH3MR UT WOS:000336028400022 ER PT J AU Kato, DM Elia, N Flythe, M Lynn, BC AF Kato, Dawn M. Elia, Noelia Flythe, Michael Lynn, Bert C. TI Pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass using Fenton chemistry SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fenton reagent; Lignocellulosic biomass; Pretreatment; Microbial fermentation ID FUNGI; DEGRADATION; HYDROLYSIS; OXIDATION; CELLULOSE; REAGENT; PHENOL AB In an attempt to mimic white-rot fungi lignin degradation via in vivo Fenton chemistry, solution phase Fenton chemistry (10 g biomass, 176 mmol hydrogen peroxide and 1.25 mmol Fe2+ in 200 mL of water) was applied to four different biomass feedstocks. An enzymatic saccharification of Fenton pretreated biomass showed an average 212% increase relative to untreated control across all four feedstocks (P < 0.05, statistically significant). A microbial fermentation of the same Fenton pretreated biomass showed a threefold increase in gas production upon a sequential co-culture with Clostridium thermocellum and Clostridium beijerinckii. These results demonstrate the use of solution phase Fenton chemistry as a viable pretreatment method to make cellulose more bioavailable for microbial biofuel conversion. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kato, Dawn M.; Lynn, Bert C.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Elia, Noelia] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Flythe, Michael] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Anim Prod Res Unit, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Flythe, Michael] Univ Kentucky, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Lynn, BC (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM bclynn2@uky.edu RI Flythe, Michael/F-2500-2010 OI Flythe, Michael/0000-0002-8868-9169 FU United States Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Initiative Grant [2011-10006-30363s] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute for Food and Agriculture Biomass Research and Development Initiative Grant #2011-10006-30363s. In addition, the authors would like to acknowledge Dr. Michael Montross and his research group for all biomass feedstocks used in this work. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 87 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 162 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.151 PG 6 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AH1VO UT WOS:000335909700036 PM 24759643 ER PT J AU Wilcox, TM Schwartz, MK McKelvey, KS Young, MK Lowe, WH AF Wilcox, Taylor M. Schwartz, Michael K. McKelvey, Kevin S. Young, Michael K. Lowe, Winsor H. TI A blocking primer increases specificity in environmental DNA detection of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Environmental DNA; Bull trout; Blocking primer; Complex templates AB Environmental DNA (eDNA) is increasingly applied as a highly sensitive way to detect aquatic animals non-invasively. However, distinguishing closely related taxa can be particularly challenging. Previous studies of ancient DNA and genetic diet analysis have used blocking primers to enrich target template in the presence of abundant, non-target DNA. Here we apply a blocking primer to increase the specificity of a TaqMan assay for eDNA detection of rare and endangered bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) in the presence of the closely related (Salvelinus namaycush). We found that addition of a blocking primer substantially increased assay specificity without compromising sensitivity or quantification ability. C1 [Wilcox, Taylor M.; Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Schwartz, Michael K.; McKelvey, Kevin S.; Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Wilcox, TM (reprint author), Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM taylor.wilcox@umontana.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/C-3184-2014 OI Schwartz, Michael/0000-0003-3521-3367 FU NSF [DGE-1313190] FX The authors thank the McCutheon Lab at the University of Montana for use of their spectrophotometer. TW is supported by a NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. DGE-1313190). NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 67 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 EI 1877-7260 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 2 BP 283 EP 284 DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0113-4 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA AH2OA UT WOS:000335959600009 ER PT J AU Dumbauld, BR Mercer, DM Camara, M AF Dumbauld, Brett R. Mercer, Dacey M. Camara, Mark TI Isolation and characterization of novel microsatellite loci in two species of burrowing shrimp, Neotrypaea californiensis and Upogebia pugettensis SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Ghost shrimp; Mud shrimp; Illumina; Thalassinid ID PACIFIC AB Burrowing thalassinid shrimp are important ecosystem engineers in estuarine benthic communities. We characterized 31 microsatellite loci in two shrimp species, Neotrypaea californiensis and Upogebia pugettensis, which are of current management concern due to declining abundance and interactions with shellfish aquaculture. All loci were variable with three to 22 alleles per locus and observed heterozygosity of 0.22-1.00. There were only four deviations from Hardy-Weinberg expectations and no significant linkage disequilibrium. These are the first microsatellites characterized for these species and provide a useful tool for further characterization of population structure and diversity. C1 [Dumbauld, Brett R.; Mercer, Dacey M.] ARS, USDA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Camara, Mark] Cawthron Inst, Nelson 7042, New Zealand. RP Dumbauld, BR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM brett.dumbauld@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS (CRIS) [5358-31000-003-00D] FX This work was funded by USDA-ARS (CRIS Project Number 5358-31000-003-00D). We thank John Chapman, Lee McCoy, and Katelyn Bosley for assistance collecting animals and Brian Knaus for assistance with retrieving and processing Illumina data. We also thank Renee Bellinger and Katherine O'Malley for providing helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1877-7252 EI 1877-7260 J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR JI Conserv. Genet. Resour. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 6 IS 2 BP 353 EP 356 DI 10.1007/s12686-013-0092-5 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA AH2OA UT WOS:000335959600028 ER PT J AU Hall, DG AF Hall, David G. TI Interference by Western Flower Thrips in rearing Asian citrus psyllid: Damage to host plants and facultative predation SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Huanglongbing; Citrus greening; Diaphorina citri; Frankliniella occidentalis; Orius insidiosus ID FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS THYSANOPTERA; ORIUS-INSIDIOSUS HEMIPTERA; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; DIAPHORINA-CITRI; ANTHOCORIDAE; MITE; PERGANDE; DISEASE; COTTON; PREY AB An infestation of Western Flower Thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), recently developed on young citrus trees in a greenhouse devoted to rearing Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama. Large numbers of young flush leaves were killed which negatively impacted ACP, as ACP is dependent on flush for oviposition and nymph development. Further, WFT predated on immature ACP killing a large proportion of young nymphs. Two experiments were subsequently conducted to assess WFT damage to two ACP rearing host plants, orange jasmine [Murraya exotica (L.)] and sweet orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck]. Direct comparisons of WFT damage to the two host plants were not made because the plants were not studied at the same time and the age of adults used in the experiments was not known. An infestation of ten adult WET per flush shoot caused significant damage to orange jasmine: most (73%) flush shoots were killed, and shoots not killed were significantly growth retarded. Ten adult WFT per flush shoot caused little damage to sweet orange. A third experiment showed that five adult WFT per 90 ACP eggs predated on large numbers of eggs and 1st instar ACP only 13% of the eggs hatched and developed beyond the 1st nymphal instar (WFT did not attack later instars). Predation on ACP immatures in this experiment included an evaluation of a minute pirate bug [Onus insidiosus (Say), regarded as effective against WFT] also at five adults per 90 ACP eggs. All ACP eggs were killed by this predator before eclosion. O. insidiosis might be useful for reducing infestations of WFT on citrus or other ACP host plants, but the predator would be incompatible with rearing ACP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Hall, DG (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM David.Hall@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 60 BP 66 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.02.007 PG 4 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AH4QO UT WOS:000336113300011 ER PT J AU Galt, NJ Froehlich, JM Meyer, BM Barrows, FT Biga, PR AF Galt, Nicholas J. Froehlich, Jacob Michael Meyer, Ben M. Barrows, Frederic T. Biga, Peggy R. TI High-fat diet reduces local myostatin-1 paralog expression and alters skeletal muscle lipid content in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss SO FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Myostatin; High-fat diet; Lipid; Muscle growth; Rainbow trout ID MYOBLAST PROLIFERATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; TELEOST FISH; MENHADEN OIL; CORN-OIL; GROWTH; GENE; DIFFERENTIATION; ZEBRAFISH AB Muscle growth is an energetically demanding process that is reliant on intramuscular fatty acid depots in most fishes. The complex mechanisms regulating this growth and lipid metabolism are of great interest for human health and aquaculture applications. It is well established that the skeletal muscle chalone, myostatin, plays a role in lipid metabolism and adipogenesis in mammals; however, this function has not been fully assessed in fishes. We therefore examined the interaction between dietary lipid levels and myostatin expression in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Five weeks of high-fat diet (HFD; 25 % lipid) intake increased white muscle lipid content and decreased circulating glucose levels and hepatosomatic index when compared to low-fat diet (LFD; 10 % lipid) intake. In addition, HFD intake reduced myostatin-1a and myostatin-1b expression in white muscle and myostatin-1b expression in brain tissue. Characterization of the myostatin-1a, myostatin-1b, and myostatin-2a promoters revealed putative binding sites for a subset of transcription factors associated with lipid metabolism. Taken together, these data suggest that HFD may regulate myostatin expression through cis-regulatory elements sensitive to increased lipid intake. Further, these findings provide a framework for future investigations of mechanisms describing the relationships between myostatin and lipid metabolism in fish. C1 [Galt, Nicholas J.; Froehlich, Jacob Michael; Meyer, Ben M.; Biga, Peggy R.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Galt, Nicholas J.; Froehlich, Jacob Michael; Biga, Peggy R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] ARS, Fish Technol Ctr, USDA, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Biga, PR (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, 1300 Univ Blvd CH173, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM pegbiga@uab.edu FU Center for Protease Research NIH [2P20 RR015566]; NIH NIAMS [R03AR055350]; NDSU Advance FORWARD NSF [HRD-0811239] FX Funds for this work were provided, in part, to P. Biga by the Center for Protease Research NIH Grant No. 2P20 RR015566, NIH NIAMS Grant No. R03AR055350, and NDSU Advance FORWARD NSF Grant No. HRD-0811239. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1742 EI 1573-5168 J9 FISH PHYSIOL BIOCHEM JI Fish Physiol. Biochem. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 40 IS 3 BP 875 EP 886 DI 10.1007/s10695-013-9893-4 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Fisheries; Physiology GA AG9SP UT WOS:000335760300022 PM 24264425 ER PT J AU Choung, MG Hwang, YS Lee, MS Lee, J Kang, ST Jun, TH AF Choung, Myoung-Gun Hwang, Young-Sun Lee, Min-Seuk Lee, Jinwook Kang, Sung-Taeg Jun, Tae-Hwan TI Comparison of extraction and isolation efficiency of catechins and caffeine from green tea leaves using different solvent systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Caffeine; isolation procedures; extraction; green tea; high-performance liquid chromatography; catechin ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; IN-VITRO; CONSUMPTION; REMOVAL; CANCER; WATER; POLYPHENOLS; HUMANS AB Catechins from green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) have received considerable attention due to their beneficial effects on human health, such as antioxidant and anticancer activities. Optimisation of extraction conditions of the catechins from green tea leaves was performed using different solvents (ethanol or distilled water), different extraction methods (ultrasound-assisted, room temperature or reflux extractions) and various extraction times (0.5-24h). The optimal extraction conditions were determined using 40% ethanol with ultrasound-assisted extraction method for 2h at 40 degrees C. In addition, two isolation methods for the recovery of catechins from green tea extracts were compared using different solvent combinations (chloroform/ethyl acetate versus ethyl acetate/dichloromethane). The results showed that the ethyl acetate/dichloromethane system could achieve much higher content of catechins than the other isolation approaches, indicating the method that extract catechins first with organic solvent such as ethyl acetate before removing caffeine is much effective than removing caffeine first when organic solvents are used for the recovery of catechins without caffeine from green tea extracts. C1 [Choung, Myoung-Gun; Hwang, Young-Sun] Kangwon Natl Univ, Dept Herbal Med Resource, Dogye Up 245907, Samcheok, South Korea. [Lee, Min-Seuk] Jangwon Co Ltd, Sulloc Cha R&D Ctr, Seogwipo 699920, Jeju, South Korea. [Lee, Jinwook] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Kang, Sung-Taeg] Dankook Univ, Dept Crop Sci & Biotechnol, Cheonan 330714, South Korea. [Jun, Tae-Hwan] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Plant Biosci, Pusan 609735, South Korea. RP Jun, TH (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Plant Biosci, Pusan 609735, South Korea. EM juntaehwan@gmail.com NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 10 U2 96 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0950-5423 EI 1365-2621 J9 INT J FOOD SCI TECH JI Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 49 IS 6 BP 1572 EP 1578 DI 10.1111/ijfs.12454 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AH2GX UT WOS:000335940600017 ER PT J AU Coulin, C Calcaterra, LA Follett, PA AF Coulin, C. Calcaterra, L. A. Follett, P. A. TI Fecundity and longevity of Argentine ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) queens in response to irradiation SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quarantine pest; phytosanitary treatment; irradiation; Linepithema humile; invasive ant ID IRIDOMYRMEX-HUMILIS; LINEPITHEMA-HUMILE; CURCULIONIDAE; REPRODUCTION; COLEOPTERA AB Irradiation is a post-harvest quarantine treatment option to control ants and other hitchhiker pests on fresh horticultural products traded between countries. As little is known about irradiation effects on ants, radiotolerance of the Argentine ant, Linepithema humile (Mayr) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Dolichoderinae), was studied to determine a dose sufficient for its control. Queens collected from Buenos Aires, Argentina, were irradiated with 30, 60, 90Gy or left untreated as controls, and then followed for 8weeks to evaluate their survival and fecundity. Overall queen survival and brood viability decreased with increasing irradiation dose. The number of eggs was reduced by 50%, 69% and 56% in the 30, 60 and 90Gy doses, respectively, compared with untreated control queens. The percentage of eggs that developed into larvae decreased from 41.1% in the control to 22.5%, 1.4%, and 0% in the 30, 60, and 90Gy treatments, respectively. Thus, the number of larvae was reduced by 69% in the 30Gy treatment compared with the control, only one larva was observed in the 60Gy treatment, and none in the 90Gy treatment. Only one pupa was observed in the 30Gy treatment and none in the 60 and 90Gy treatments during the 8-week experiment. Queens irradiated with 60 and 90Gy had significantly reduced longevity compared with queens treated with lower doses or untreated queens. Radiation dose >= 90Gy stopped brood development in Argentine ant queens and should be sufficient as a phytosanitary treatment. The radiotolerance of Argentine ant appears to be similar to that of two other important invasive ants. C1 [Coulin, C.; Calcaterra, L. A.] Fdn Estudio Especies Invas, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Follett, P. A.] ARS, USDA, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI USA. RP Calcaterra, LA (reprint author), Fdn Estudio Especies Invas, Bolivar 1559 B1686EFA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM luiscalcaterra@hotmail.com NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-2048 EI 1439-0418 J9 J APPL ENTOMOL JI J. Appl. Entomol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 138 IS 5 BP 355 EP 360 DI 10.1111/jen.12076 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AG9ZZ UT WOS:000335780100005 ER PT J AU Hildebrandt, E Dunn, JR Perumbakkam, S Niikura, M Cheng, HH AF Hildebrandt, Evin Dunn, John R. Perumbakkam, Sudeep Niikura, Masahiro Cheng, Hans H. TI Characterizing the Molecular Basis of Attenuation of Marek's Disease Virus via In Vitro Serial Passage Identifies De Novo Mutations in the Helicase-Primase Subunit Gene UL5 and Other Candidates Associated with Reduced Virulence SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DNA; HERPESVIRUS; VACCINATION; EVOLUTION; STRAIN; DYNAMICS AB Marek's disease (MD) is a lymphoproliferative disease of chickens caused by the oncogenic Gallid herpesvirus 2, commonly known as Marek's disease virus (MDV). MD vaccines, the primary control method, are often generated by repeated in vitro serial passage of this highly cell-associated virus to attenuate virulent MDV strains. To understand the genetic basis of attenuation, we used experimental evolution by serially passing three virulent MDV replicates generated from an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clone. All replicates became completely or highly attenuated, indicating that de novo mutation, and not selection among quasispecies existing in a strain, is the primary driving force for the reduction in virulence. Sequence analysis of the attenuated replicates revealed 41 to 95 single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) at 2% or higher frequency in each population and several candidate genes containing high-frequency, nonsynonymous mutations. Five candidate mutations were incorporated into recombinant viruses to determine their in vivo effect. SNVs within UL42 (DNA polymerase auxiliary subunit) and UL46 (tegument) had no measurable influence, while two independent mutations in LORF2 (a gene of unknown function) improved survival time of birds but did not alter disease incidence. A fifth SNV located within UL5 (helicase-primase subunit) greatly reduced in vivo viral replication, increased survival time of birds, and resulted in only 0 to 11% disease incidence. This study shows that multiple genes, often within pathways involving DNA replication and transcriptional regulation, are involved in de novo attenuation of MDV and provides targets for the rational design of future MD vaccines. C1 [Hildebrandt, Evin] Michigan State Univ, Genet Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hildebrandt, Evin; Dunn, John R.; Perumbakkam, Sudeep; Cheng, Hans H.] ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Perumbakkam, Sudeep] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Niikura, Masahiro] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM hans.cheng@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative competitive [2010-65119-20505]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX This project was supported in part by National Research Initiative competitive grant no. 2010-65119-20505 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 88 IS 11 BP 6232 EP 6242 DI 10.1128/JVI.03869-13 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA AH2SB UT WOS:000335970300031 PM 24648463 ER PT J AU Miller, WG Yee, E Jolley, KA Chapman, MH AF Miller, W. G. Yee, E. Jolley, K. A. Chapman, M. H. TI Use of an improved atpA amplification and sequencing method to identify members of the Campylobacteraceae and Helicobacteraceae SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE atpA; Helicobacter; species identification; Campylobacter; Arcobacter; epsilonproteobacteria ID RFLP METHOD; ARCOBACTER; IDENTIFICATION; PREVALENCE; CATTLE; SPP. AB Emerging Campylobacter and Arcobacter spp. have been increasingly isolated from human clinical samples, food, veterinary samples and the environment. Unambiguous species identification of such organisms is of obvious importance in epidemiological studies, but is also necessary to accurately assess their host range and determine their prevalence in the food chain and in the environment. Species identification methods for the Campylobacteraceae have been described; however, some with high resolving power are limited to a small number of taxa, while other broader-range methods cannot distinguish between closely related species. We present in this study a novel species identification method, based on amplification and sequencing of a portion of the atpA gene. This method, which uses a single primer pair, was able to amplify and accurately identify all current taxa within Campylobacter and Arcobacter as well as several members of the Helicobacteraceae, although unambiguous identification of the Camp.fetus subspecies could not be achieved. In addition, five putative novel Campylobacter taxa were recognized, making this new species identification method valuable in the characterization of novel epsilonproteobacteria. Thus, a single-locus method that can accurately identify multiple epsilonproteobacterial species will prove important in the characterization of emerging organisms and those associated with illness. Significance and Impact of the Study The atpA-based species identification method described here uses a single primer pair to amplify DNA from all current validly-described Campylobacter and Arcobacter taxa, as well as multiple members of the Helicobacteraceae. This method unambiguously identified all taxa tested, although it could not discriminate the subspecies of Camp.fetus. Furthermore, five putative novel Campylobacter taxa were observed following testing of environmental campylobacters with this method. The scope and resolution of this method make it an important addition to studies of epsilonproteobacterial epidemiology and evolution. C1 [Miller, W. G.; Yee, E.; Chapman, M. H.] ARS, USDA, WRRC, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Jolley, K. A.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. RP Miller, WG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, WRRC, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM william.miller@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [5325-42000-210-047-00D] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5325-42000-210-047-00D. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0266-8254 EI 1472-765X J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 58 IS 6 BP 582 EP 590 DI 10.1111/lam.12228 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AH2WE UT WOS:000335981900012 PM 24517729 ER PT J AU Bertucci, M Brown-Guedira, G Murphy, JP Cowger, C AF Bertucci, Matthew Brown-Guedira, Gina Murphy, J. Paul Cowger, Christina TI Genes Conferring Sensitivity to Stagonospora nodorum Necrotrophic Effectors in Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch-Susceptible US Wheat Cultivars SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HOST-SELECTIVE TOXINS; TRIGGERED SUSCEPTIBILITY; TAN SPOT; RESISTANCE; DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOSYSTEM; MARKERS; SNTOX3 AB Stagonospora nodorum is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), a yield- and quality-reducing disease of wheat. S. nodorum produces a set of necrotrophic effectors (NEs) that interact with the products of host sensitivity genes to cause cell death and increased susceptibility to disease. The focus of this study was determination of NE sensitivity among 25 winter wheat cultivars, many of them from the southeastern United States, that are susceptible to SNB, as well as the moderately resistant 'NC-Neuse'. Thirty-three isolates of S. nodorum previously collected from seven southeastern U.S. states were cultured for NE production, and the culture filtrates were used in an infiltration bioassay. Control strains of Pichia pastoris that expressed SnToxA, Snrox1, or SnTox3 were also used. All SNB-susceptible cultivars were sensitive to at least one NE, while NC-Neuse was insensitive to all NEs tested. Among the sensitive lines, 32% contained sensitivity gene Tsn1 and 64% contained sensitivity gene Snn3. None were sensitive to SnTox1. Additionally, 10 molecular markers for sensitivity genes Tsn1, Snn1, Snn2, and Snn3 were evaluated for diagnostic potential. Only the marker Xfcp623 for Tsn1 was diagnostic, and it was in perfect agreement with the results of the infiltration bioassays. The results illuminate which NE sensitivity genes may be of concern in breeding for resistance to SNB in the southeastern United States. C1 [Bertucci, Matthew; Cowger, Christina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Bertucci, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM mbbertuc@ncsu.edu OI Bertucci, Matthew/0000-0002-0661-8990 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 6 BP 746 EP 753 DI 10.1094/PDIS-08-13-0820-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH3EB UT WOS:000336005200005 ER PT J AU Yakabe, LE Parker, SR Kluepfel, DA AF Yakabe, L. E. Parker, S. R. Kluepfel, D. A. TI Incidence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens Biovar 1 in and on 'Paradox' (Juglans hindsii x Juglans regia) Walnut Seed Collected from Commercial Nurseries SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CAMPESTRIS PV. CAMPESTRIS; CROWN-GALL; BRASSICA TRANSPLANTS; POPULATIONS; SPREAD; SOIL; CONTAMINATION; SPP.; PCR AB The walnut rootstock 'Paradox' (Juglans hindsii x J. regia) is susceptible to Agrobacterium tumefaciens, which often results in a high incidence of crown gall in nursery or walnut production orchards. Though A. tumefaciens is susceptible to the commonly used preplant soil fumigants, crown gall incidence can rise above acceptable levels. We examined the ability of Paradox seed to acquire A. tumefaciens as a function of harvest method used prior to planting. Over a 2-year period at two participating commercial nurseries, Paradox seed were collected directly from the mother tree without contacting the soil or gathered after sitting on the orchard floor for up to 28 days. A. tumefaciens was never detected in or on the 2,650 seeds collected directly from the mother tree. Both virulent and avinilent A. tumefaciens strains were detected in and on the husk of nuts incubated on the orchard floor at a frequency directly proportional to the time spent on the orchard floor. Regardless of A. tumefaciens contamination in or on the husk, A. tumefaciens was never detected in the seed interior. Avoiding soilbome populations of A. tumefaciens at the time of seed collection will play an important role in managing crown gall. C1 [Yakabe, L. E.; Parker, S. R.; Kluepfel, D. A.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kluepfel, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Crops Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dalduepfel@ucdavis.edu FU California Department of Food and Agriculture/Fruit Tree, Nut Tree and Grapevine Improvement Advisory Board; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIES project [5306-22000-015-00D] FX This project was supported, in part, by a grant from the California Department of Food and Agriculture/Fruit Tree, Nut Tree and Grapevine Improvement Advisory Board and the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service CRIES project 5306-22000-015-00D. We thank R. Greenhut, A. McClean, and S. Strauss for their valuable editorial suggestions and L. Pearson for administrative support. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 6 BP 766 EP 770 DI 10.1094/PDIS-07-13-0742-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH3EB UT WOS:000336005200008 ER PT J AU McMechan, AJ Tatineni, S French, R Hein, GL AF McMechan, Anthony J. Tatineni, Satyanarayana French, Roy Hein, Gary L. TI Differential Transmission of Triticum mosaic virus by Wheat Curl Mite Populations Collected in the Great Plains SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ACERIA TULIPAE KEIFER; VECTOR INTERACTIONS; RESISTANT WHEAT; ERIOPHYIDAE; AUSTRALIA; SURVIVAL; STRAINS; KANSAS; ACARI AB Wheat is an important food grain worldwide and the primary dryland crop in the western Great Plains. A complex of three wheat curl mite (WCM)-transmitted viruses (Wheat streak mosaic virus, High plains virus, and Triticum mosaic virus [TriMV]) is a cause of serious loss in winter wheat production in the Great Plains. TriMV was first reported in Kansas in 2006 and later found in most other Great Plains states. Currently, three populations of WCM have been identified by genetic characterization and differential responses to mite resistance genes in wheat. In this study, we examined TriMV transmission by these three WCM populations: 'Nebraska' (NE), 'Montana' (MT), and 'South Dakota' (SD). Mite transmission using single-mite transfers revealed that the NE WCM population transmitted TriMV at 41%, while the MT and SD WCM populations failed to transmit TriMV. In multi-mite transfers, the NE WCM population transmitted TriMV at 100% level compared with 2.5% transmission by MT and SD WCM populations. Interestingly, NE mites transferred during the quiescent stages following the first and second instar transmitted TriMV at a 39 to 40% rate, suggesting that immature mites were able to acquire the virus and maintain it through molting. In addition, mite survival for single-mite transfers was significantly lower for NE mites when transferred from TriMV-inoculated source plants (60%) compared with mock-inoculated source plants (84%). This demonstrates potentially negative effects on WCM survival from TriMV. TriMV transmission differences demonstrated in this study underscore the importance of identification of mite genotypes for future studies with TriMV. C1 [McMechan, Anthony J.; Hein, Gary L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP McMechan, AJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM amcmechan@huskers.unl.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-85605-20546] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program Grant Number 2010-85605-20546 from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We thank S. Wegulo and R. Wright for the critical reading of the manuscript and S. Harvey for her contributions to the mite stage study on the transmission of TriMV. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 6 BP 806 EP 810 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-13-0582-RE PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH3EB UT WOS:000336005200013 ER PT J AU Garces, FF Fiallos, FF Silva, E Martinez, F Aime, MC Comstock, JC Glynn, NC Castlebury, LA AF Garces, F. F. Fiallos, F. F. Silva, E. Martinez, F. Aime, M. C. Comstock, J. C. Glynn, N. C. Castlebury, L. A. TI First Report of Orange Rust of Sugarcane Caused by Puccinia kuehnii in Ecuador SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Garces, F. F.; Fiallos, F. F.; Silva, E.; Martinez, F.] Ctr Invest Cana Azucar Ecuador CINCAE, Guayaquil, Ecuador. [Aime, M. C.] Purdue Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Comstock, J. C.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL USA. [Glynn, N. C.] Syngenta Seeds Inc, Longmont, CO USA. [Castlebury, L. A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Garces, FF (reprint author), Ctr Invest Cana Azucar Ecuador CINCAE, Guayaquil, Ecuador. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 6 BP 842 EP 842 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-13-0574-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH3EB UT WOS:000336005200026 ER PT J AU Merlington, A Hanson, LE Bayma, R Hildebrandt, K Steere, L Kirk, WW AF Merlington, A. Hanson, L. E. Bayma, R. Hildebrandt, K. Steere, L. Kirk, W. W. TI First Report of Fusarium proliferatum Causing Dry Rot in Michigan Commercial Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Production SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Merlington, A.; Hanson, L. E.; Bayma, R.; Hildebrandt, K.; Steere, L.; Kirk, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hanson, L. E.] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Merlington, A (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 6 BP 843 EP 844 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-13-0919-PDN PG 2 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH3EB UT WOS:000336005200030 ER PT J AU Samac, DA Allen, S Witte, D Miller, D Peterson, J AF Samac, D. A. Allen, S. Witte, D. Miller, D. Peterson, J. TI First Report of Race 2 of Colletotrichum trifolii Causing Anthracnose on Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) in Wisconsin SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID RESISTANCE C1 [Samac, D. A.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Allen, S.] Dairyland Seed, Clinton, WI 53525 USA. [Witte, D.] Forage Genet Int, West Salem, WI 54669 USA. [Miller, D.] Cal West Seeds, West Salem, WI 54669 USA. [Peterson, J.] Pioneer HiBred Int Inc, Arlington, WI 53911 USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JUN PY 2014 VL 98 IS 6 BP 843 EP 843 DI 10.1094/PDIS-08-13-0808-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AH3EB UT WOS:000336005200028 ER EF