FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Reichmann, LG Sala, OE AF Reichmann, Lara G. Sala, Osvaldo E. TI Differential sensitivities of grassland structural components to changes in precipitation mediate productivity response in a desert ecosystem SO FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE axillary buds; Bouteloua eriopoda; desert grassland; meristem bank; precipitation legacies; vegetative reproduction ID BUD BANK DEMOGRAPHY; RAIN-USE EFFICIENCY; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; MERISTEM LIMITATION; PERENNIAL GRASSES; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; DEFOLIATION; DYNAMICS; PLANT AB 1. In arid and semi-arid ecosystems, there are legacies of previous-year precipitation on current-year above-ground net primary production. We hypothesized that legacies of past precipitation occur through changes in tiller density, stolon density, tiller growth, axillary bud density and percentage of viable axillary buds. We examined the sensitivity to current- and previous-year precipitation of these grassland structural components in Bouteloua eriopoda, the dominant grass in the northern Chihuahuan Desert. 2. We conducted a rainfall manipulation experiment consisting in -80% reduced precipitation, ambient, +80% increased precipitation treatments that were subjected to one of five precipitation levels in the previous two years (-80% and -50% reduced precipitation, ambient, +50% and +80% increased precipitation). The first two years preconditioned the experimental plots for year three, in which we created wet-to-dry and dry-to-wet transitions. Measurements were taken in year 3. 3. We found that stolon density was the most sensitive to changes in precipitation and that percent-active buds were insensitive. 4. We also found that past precipitation had a significant legacy on grassland structural components regardless of the precipitation received in the current year, and that the legacy occurs mostly through changes in stolon density. 5. Here, we showed that there is a differential sensitivity of structural components to current and past precipitation and supported previous findings that vegetation structure is one of the controls of productivity during precipitation transitions. C1 [Reichmann, Lara G.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Reichmann, Lara G.] Univ Texas Austin, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Sala, Osvaldo E.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci & Sch Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sala, Osvaldo E.] New Mexico State Univ, Jornada Basin Long Term Ecol Res Program, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Reichmann, LG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM Lara.Reichmann@austin.utexas.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB 09-17668, DEB 12-35828, DDIG 09-10027] FX We thank J. H. Angell III for priceless laboratory and field aid; G. A. Gil and B. H. for guidance; A. Asay, L. Gherardi and J. P. Midez for invaluable assistance in the field and in the laboratory, and the Jornada LTER, JER-USDA personnel, especially to Debra Peters, Kris Havstad, David Thatcher and Eddie Garcia, for their incredible logistic support. This work was supported by National Science Foundation grants DEB 09-17668, DEB 12-35828 and DDIG 09-10027. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 60 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-8463 EI 1365-2435 J9 FUNCT ECOL JI Funct. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 28 IS 5 BP 1292 EP 1298 DI 10.1111/1365-2435.12265 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ2KR UT WOS:000342615100025 ER PT J AU Liu, Y de Bruijn, I Jack, ALH Drynan, K van den Berg, AH Thoen, E Sandoval-Sierra, V Skaar, I van West, P Dieeguez-Uribeondo, J van der Voort, M Mendes, R Mazzola, M Raaijmakers, JM AF Liu, Yiying de Bruijn, Irene Jack, Allison L. H. Drynan, Keith van den Berg, Albert H. Thoen, Even Sandoval-Sierra, Vladimir Skaar, Ida van West, Pieter Dieguez-Uribeondo, Javier van der Voort, Menno Mendes, Rodrigo Mazzola, Mark Raaijmakers, Jos M. TI Deciphering microbial landscapes of fish eggs to mitigate emerging diseases SO ISME JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE salmon; Saprolegniosis; Actinobacteria; microbiome; emerging pathogens ID SP-NOV.; SAPROLEGNIA-PARASITICA; RHIZOSPHERE MICROBIOME; APHANOMYCES-INVADANS; VIRULENCE FACTORS; MATERNAL TRANSFER; WILD POPULATIONS; FUNGI; BACTERIA; MOLDS AB Animals and plants are increasingly suffering from diseases caused by fungi and oomycetes. These emerging pathogens are now recognized as a global threat to biodiversity and food security. Among oomycetes, Saprolegnia species cause significant declines in fish and amphibian populations. Fish eggs have an immature adaptive immune system and depend on nonspecific innate defences to ward off pathogens. Here, meta-taxonomic analyses revealed that Atlantic salmon eggs are home to diverse fungal, oomycete and bacterial communities. Although virulent Saprolegnia isolates were found in all salmon egg samples, a low incidence of Saprolegniosis was strongly correlated with a high richness and abundance of specific commensal Actinobacteria, with the genus Frondihabitans (Microbacteriaceae) effectively inhibiting attachment of Saprolegniato salmon eggs. These results highlight that fundamental insights into microbial landscapes of fish eggs may provide new sustainable means to mitigate emerging diseases. C1 [Liu, Yiying; de Bruijn, Irene; Raaijmakers, Jos M.] Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Microbial Ecol, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. [Liu, Yiying; de Bruijn, Irene; Jack, Allison L. H.; van der Voort, Menno; Raaijmakers, Jos M.] Wageningen Univ, Lab Phytopathol, NL-6700 AP Wageningen, Netherlands. [Jack, Allison L. H.] Prescott Coll, Environm Studies Program, Prescott, AZ USA. [Drynan, Keith] Landcatch, Hendrix Genet BV, Ormsary, Argyll, Scotland. [van den Berg, Albert H.; van West, Pieter] Univ Aberdeen, Inst Med Sci, Aberdeen Oomycete Lab, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Thoen, Even; Skaar, Ida] Norwegian Vet Inst, Oslo, Norway. [Thoen, Even] Norwegian Sch Vet Sci, Oslo, Norway. [Sandoval-Sierra, Vladimir; Dieguez-Uribeondo, Javier] Real Jardin Bot CSIC, Madrid, Spain. [Mendes, Rodrigo] Embrapa Environm, Lab Environm Microbiol, Jaguariuna, Brazil. [Mazzola, Mark] USDA ARS, Wenatchee, WA USA. RP Raaijmakers, JM (reprint author), Netherlands Inst Ecol NIOO KNAW, Dept Microbial Ecol, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands. EM j.raaijmakers@nioo.knaw.nl RI de Bruijn, Irene/A-7437-2014; Library, Library/A-4320-2012; Mendes, Rodrigo/F-1534-2010; Jack, Allison/D-9924-2011; Raaijmakers, Jos/D-1574-2014; OI de Bruijn, Irene/0000-0002-4889-3253; Library, Library/0000-0002-3835-159X; Mendes, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9817-4118; Jack, Allison/0000-0002-5366-3559; Raaijmakers, Jos/0000-0003-1608-6614; Sandoval Sierra, Jose Vladimir/0000-0003-2007-6582 FU SAPRO (Sustainable Approaches to Reduce Oomycete (Saprolegnia) Infections in Aquaculture); Marie Curie Initial Training Network - European Commission (EC); MINECO [CGL2012-39357] FX We are grateful to Menno ter Veld and Geert Wiegertjes (Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, The Netherlands) for their advice, help and valuable suggestions for the in vivo experiments. We thank the Laboratory of Jean Beagle Ristraino (North Carolina State University, USA) for the provision of genomic DNA extraction protocol for oomycete isolates. We thank Viviane Cordovez da Cunha (Wageningen University) for her help in culturing and characterization of Actinobacteria. This work was financially supported by SAPRO (Sustainable Approaches to Reduce Oomycete (Saprolegnia) Infections in Aquaculture), a Marie Curie Initial Training Network funded by the European Commission (EC) under Framework Program 7. Javier Dieguez-Uribeondo was supported by grant of MINECO CGL2012-39357. PhyloChip hybridizations and initial data analyses were performed at Second Genome, CA, USA. This manuscript is publication number 5586 of Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW). NR 86 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 35 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1751-7362 EI 1751-7370 J9 ISME J JI ISME J. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 8 IS 10 BP 2002 EP 2014 DI 10.1038/ismej.2014.44 PG 13 WC Ecology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology GA AQ4KI UT WOS:000342764600005 PM 24671087 ER PT J AU Byrdwell, WC AF Byrdwell, William Craig TI Construction of a Wireless Communication Contact Closure System for Liquid Chromatography with Multiple Parallel Mass Spectrometers and Other Detectors SO JALA LA English DT Article DE LC-MS; APCI-MS; ESI-MS; APPI-MS ID VITAMIN-D; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS AB A contact closure system was constructed that uses two contact closure sender boards that communicate wirelessly to four contact closure receiver boards to distribute start signals from two or three liquid chromatographs to 14 instruments, pumps, detectors, or other components. Default high, closed low, TTL logic (5-volt) start signals from two autosamplers are converted to simple contacts by powered relay boards that are then connected to two 16-channel wireless contact closure sender boards. The contact closure signals from the two sender boards are transmitted wirelessly to two pairs of eight-channel receiver boards (total of 32 contact signals) that distribute the start signal to 14 switches that allow selection of which start signal is sent to which instrument, pump, or detector. The contact closure system is used for quadruple parallel mass spectrometry experiments in which four mass spectrometers, using three different atmospheric pressure ionization modes, plus a UV detector, an evaporative light-scattering detector, a corona charged aerosol detector, and two syringe pumps supplying electrolyte, are all synchronized to start simultaneously. A wide variety of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments using multiple liquid chromatographs and mass spectrometers simultaneously, LCx/MSy, including column-switching experiments, can be reconfigured simply by toggling switches. C1 ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Byrdwell, WC (reprint author), ARS, Food Composit & Methods Dev Lab, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 161, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM C.Byrdwell@ars.usda.gov OI Byrdwell, William/0000-0001-8241-428X NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 2211-0682 EI 1540-2452 J9 JALA-J LAB AUTOM JI JALA PD OCT PY 2014 VL 19 IS 5 BP 461 EP 467 DI 10.1177/2211068214543372 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AQ2SU UT WOS:000342639900004 PM 25049235 ER PT J AU Tooley, PW Browning, M Leighty, RM AF Tooley, Paul W. Browning, Marsha Leighty, Robert M. TI Effects of Inoculum Density and Wounding on Stem Infection of Three Eastern US Forest Species by Phytophthora ramorum SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; ramorum blight; sudden oak death ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; PLANT PATHOLOGY; PATHOGEN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; CALIFORNIA; TREES; INOCULATION; TEMPERATURE; TISSUE; ROT AB Seedlings of three Eastern US forest species Quercus rubra (northern red oak), Quercus prinus (chestnut oak) and Acer rubrum (red maple) were inoculated by applying Phytophthora ramorum sporangia to stems at different inoculum densities with and without wounding. Disease occurred in all treatments involving wounds, and no disease was observed in unwounded treatments. Younger seedlings (2-3years old) did not differ significantly from older seedlings (5-6years old) in disease incidence, but older seedlings sustained smaller lesions compared with younger seedlings. For both old and young seedlings, disease on wounded stems was observed down to the lowest sporangia concentration utilized (500 sporangia/ml for old seedlings and 100 sporangia/ml for young seedlings). The results show that in the presence of wounding, even very low sporangia concentrations can result in disease, and further suggest that wounding caused by insects and other factors may play an important role in P.ramorum epidemiology in forest environments. C1 [Tooley, Paul W.; Browning, Marsha] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Leighty, Robert M.] Frederick Natl Lab Canc Res, Data Management Serv, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Tooley, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM paul.tooley@ars.usda.gov FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We gratefully acknowledge the funding for this project provided by the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, and the technical assistance of Kristin Henderson. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0931-1785 EI 1439-0434 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 162 IS 10 BP 683 EP 689 DI 10.1111/jph.12251 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ4IV UT WOS:000342760000007 ER PT J AU Blaker, KM Plotto, A Baldwin, EA Olmstead, JW AF Blaker, Kendra M. Plotto, Anne Baldwin, Elizabeth A. Olmstead, James W. TI Correlation between sensory and instrumental measurements of standard and crisp-texture southern highbush blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L. interspecific hybrids) SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE southern highbush blueberry; Vaccinium corymbosum; firmness; texture; compression force; bioyield ID RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY; FRESH-MARKET; FRUIT; CULTIVARS; FIRMNESS; QUALITY; HARVESTER AB BACKGROUNDFruit texture is a primary selection trait in southern highbush blueberry (SHB) breeding to increase fresh fruit postharvest quality and consumer acceptance. A novel crisp fruit texture has recently been identified among SHB germplasm. In this study, we developed a common set of descriptors that align sensory evaluation of blueberry fruit texture with instrumental measures that could be used for quantitative measurements during pre- and postharvest evaluation. RESULTSSensory and instrumental characteristics were measured in 36 and 49 genotypes in 2010 and 2011, respectively. A trained sensory panel evaluated fresh fruit based on five common textural attributes in 2010 and 2011: bursting energy, flesh firmness, skin toughness, juiciness and mealiness. Instrumental measures of compression and bioyield forces were significantly different among cultivars and correlated with sensory scores for bursting energy, flesh firmness and skin toughness (R > 0.7, except skin toughness in 2011), but correlations with sensory scores for juiciness and mealiness were low (R < 0.4). CONCLUSIONThe results of sensory and instrumental measures supported the use of both compression and bioyield force measures in distinguishing crisp from standard-texture genotypes, and suggest that crisp texture in SHB is related to the sensory perception of bursting energy, flesh firmness and skin toughness. (c) 2014 The Authors. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry. C1 [Blaker, Kendra M.; Olmstead, James W.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Plotto, Anne; Baldwin, Elizabeth A.] USDA ARS, Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Olmstead, JW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM jwolmstead@ufl.edu FU Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services; USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative Award [2008-51180-19579] FX This work was supported by funding from the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services and USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative Award # 2008-51180-19579. The authors thank Straughn Farms for the use of their plant material, and Dr Steve Sargent for critical review of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 33 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 94 IS 13 BP 2785 EP 2793 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6626 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AQ3GV UT WOS:000342680200029 PM 24619938 ER PT J AU Zhang, PP Jondiko, TO Tilley, M Awika, JM AF Zhang, Pingping Jondiko, Tom O. Tilley, Michael Awika, Joseph M. TI Effect of high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition in common wheat on dough properties and steamed bread quality SO JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE common wheat; glutenin subunits; dough; steamed bread, allele deletion ID POLYMERIC PROTEIN; ALLELIC VARIATION; MAKING QUALITY; PROCESSING PROCEDURE; BIOCHEMICAL BASIS; FLOUR PROPERTIES; WINTER-WHEAT; HMW-GS; CHINESE; LINES AB BACKGROUNDSteamed bread is a popular staple food in Asia with different flour quality requirements from pan bread. Little is known about how glutenin characteristics affect steamed bread quality. This work investigated how deletions of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) influence gluten properties and Chinese steamed bread quality using 16 wheat lines grown in Texas. RESULTSAlthough similar in protein content (134-140 mg g(-1)), gluten composition and dough properties differed widely among the lines. Compared with non-deletion lines, deletion lines had lower (P < 0.05) unextractable polymeric protein (294 vs 470 mg g(-1)), HMW-GS/low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit ratio (0.25 vs 0.41), dough force to extend (0.16 vs 0.44 N) and mixing peak time (2.03 vs 4.52 min). Deletion lines with HMW-GS composition of 2*/17+_/5+_ and 2*/17+_/2+12 showed moderate gluten strength (mixing peak time, 1.96-2.94 min; force to extend, 0.18-0.23 N) and high dough extensibility (106-129 mm). These lines also produced good steamed bread quality (score, 60.8-65.0) with good elasticity and crumb structure. CONCLUSIONDeletion at Glu-B1y and/or Glu-D1y loci in high-strength hard wheat produced good dough properties for steamed bread. This suggests that wheat functionality for steamed bread can be improved by manipulating HMW-GS composition. (c) 2014 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Zhang, Pingping; Jondiko, Tom O.; Awika, Joseph M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Cereal Qual Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Zhang, Pingping] Jiangsu Acad Agr Sci, Prov Key Lab Agrobiol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Tilley, Michael] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS USA. [Awika, Joseph M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Stn, TX USA. RP Awika, JM (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Cereal Qual Lab, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM jawika@ag.tamu.edu FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31101146]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK2011667] FX Financial support was kindly provided by Texas A&M AgriLife Research, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101146) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK2011667). NR 36 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-5142 EI 1097-0010 J9 J SCI FOOD AGR JI J. Sci. Food Agric. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 94 IS 13 BP 2801 EP 2806 DI 10.1002/jsfa.6635 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AQ3GV UT WOS:000342680200031 PM 24591045 ER PT J AU Tatineni, S McMechan, AJ Wosula, EN Wegulo, SN Graybosch, RA French, R Hein, GL AF Tatineni, Satyanarayana McMechan, Anthony J. Wosula, Everlyne N. Wegulo, Stephen N. Graybosch, Robert A. French, Roy Hein, Gary L. TI An Eriophyid Mite-Transmitted Plant Virus Contains Eight Genomic RNA Segments with Unusual Heterogeneity in the Nucleocapsid Protein SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-MOSAIC-VIRUS; HIGH-PLAINS VIRUS; SPOTTED-WILT-VIRUS; CURL MITE; INFECTING WHEAT; EMARAVIRUS P4; GREAT-PLAINS; SEQUENCE; DISEASE; IDENTIFICATION AB Eriophyid mite-transmitted, multipartite, negative-sense RNA plant viruses with membrane-bound spherical virions are classified in the genus Emaravirus. We report here that the eriophyid mite-transmitted Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, contains eight genomic RNA segments, the most in a known negative-sense RNA plant virus. Remarkably, two RNA 3 consensus sequences, encoding the nucleocapsid protein, were found with 12.5% sequence divergence, while no heterogeneity was observed in the consensus sequences of additional genomic RNA segments. The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, glycoprotein precursor, nucleocapsid, and P4 proteins of WMoV exhibited limited sequence homology with the orthologous proteins of other emaraviruses, while proteins encoded by additional genomic RNA segments displayed no significant homology with proteins reported in GenBank, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus evolved further with a divergent octapartite genome. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that WMoV formed an evolutionary link between members of the Emaravirus genus and the family Bunyaviridae. Furthermore, genomic-length virus-and virus-complementary (vc)-sense strands of all WMoV genomic RNAs accumulated asymmetrically in infected wheat, with 10- to 20-fold more virus-sense genomic RNAs than vc-sense RNAs. These data further confirm the octapartite negative-sense polarity of the WMoV genome. In WMoV-infected wheat, subgenomic-length mRNAs of vc sense were detected for genomic RNAs 3, 4, 7, and 8 but not for other RNA species, suggesting that the open reading frames present in the complementary sense of genomic RNAs are expressed through subgenomic- or near-genomic-length vc-sense mRNAs. IMPORTANCE Wheat mosaic virus (WMoV), an Emaravirus, is the causal agent of High Plains disease of wheat and maize. In this study, we demonstrated that the genome of WMoV comprises eight negative-sense RNA segments with an unusual sequence polymorphism in an RNA encoding the nucleocapsid protein but not in the additional genomic RNA segments. WMoV proteins displayed weak or no homology with reported emaraviruses, suggesting that the genus Emaravirus further evolved with a divergent octapartite genome. The current study also examined the profile of WMoV RNA accumulation in wheat and provided evidence for the synthesis of subgenomic-length mRNAs of virus complementary sense. This is the first report to demonstrate that emaraviruses produce subgenomic-length mRNAs that are most likely utilized for genome expression. Importantly, this study facilitates the examination of gene functions and virus diversity and the development of effective diagnostic methods and management strategies for an economically important but poorly understood virus. C1 [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; Graybosch, Robert A.; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Tatineni, Satyanarayana; French, Roy] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [McMechan, Anthony J.; Wosula, Everlyne N.; Hein, Gary L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wegulo, Stephen N.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, Robert A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Tatineni, S (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM satya.tatineni@ars.usda.gov OI Wegulo, Stephen/0000-0002-4435-6055 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2013-68004-20358] FX Funding for this work was partially provided by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants Program, grant number 2013-68004-20358, from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 88 IS 20 BP 11834 EP 11845 DI 10.1128/JVI.01901-14 PG 12 WC Virology SC Virology GA AQ3JH UT WOS:000342688000019 PM 25100845 ER PT J AU Chen, F Wu, WH Millman, A Craft, JF Chen, E Patel, N Boucher, JL Urban, JF Kim, CC Gause, WC AF Chen, Fei Wu, Wenhui Millman, Ariel Craft, Joshua F. Chen, Eunice Patel, Nirav Boucher, Jean L. Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Kim, Charles C. Gause, William C. TI Neutrophils prime a long-lived effector macrophage phenotype that mediates accelerated helminth expulsion SO NATURE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALTERNATIVELY ACTIVATED MACROPHAGES; LARVAL STRONGYLOIDES-STERCORALIS; INTESTINAL NEMATODE PARASITES; NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS; T-CELLS; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; HOST PROTECTION; INFECTION; INNATE AB We examined the role of innate cells in acquired resistance to the natural murine parasitic nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Macrophages obtained from lungs as late as 45 d after N. brasiliensis inoculation were able to transfer accelerated parasite clearance to naive recipients. Primed macrophages adhered to larvae in vitro and triggered increased mortality of parasites. Neutrophil depletion in primed mice abrogated the protective effects of transferred macrophages and inhibited their in vitro binding to larvae. Neutrophils in parasite-infected mice showed a distinct transcriptional profile and promoted alternatively activated M2 macrophage polarization through secretory factors including IL-13. Differentially activated neutrophils in the context of a type 2 immune response therefore prime a long-lived effector macrophage phenotype that directly mediates rapid nematode damage and clearance. C1 [Chen, Fei; Wu, Wenhui; Millman, Ariel; Patel, Nirav; Gause, William C.] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Med Sch, Ctr Immun & Inflammat, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Chen, Fei; Wu, Wenhui; Millman, Ariel; Patel, Nirav; Gause, William C.] Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Craft, Joshua F.; Chen, Eunice] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Expt Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Boucher, Jean L.] Lab Chim & Biochim Pharmacol & Toxicol, Paris, France. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Gen & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gause, WC (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, New Jersey Med Sch, Ctr Immun & Inflammat, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM gausewc@njms.rutgers.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869; Kim, Charles/0000-0001-6474-8227 FU National Institutes of Health [1R01AI107588, 5R01AI031678, R00AI085035]; Agricultural Research Service of the USDA [1235-51000-058] FX Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA). The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Supported by National Institutes of Health (1R01AI107588 to W. C. G. and C. C. K.; 5R01AI031678 to W. C. G.; R00AI085035 to C. C. K.) and the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA (1235-51000-058 to J.F.U. Jr.). NR 54 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 16 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1529-2908 EI 1529-2916 J9 NAT IMMUNOL JI Nat. Immunol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 15 IS 10 BP 938 EP U237 DI 10.1038/ni.2984 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA AQ1TR UT WOS:000342564800009 PM 25173346 ER PT J AU Castle, SJ Merten, P Prabhaker, N AF Castle, Steven J. Merten, Paul Prabhaker, Nilima TI Comparative susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci to imidacloprid in field- and laboratory-based bioassays SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE systemic uptake bioassay; insecticide resistance; ELISA test; neonicotinoid; whiteflies ID NEONICOTINOID CROSS-RESISTANCE; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; BIOTYPE-B; ALEYRODIDAE; HEMIPTERA; POPULATIONS; EXPRESSION; HOMOPTERA; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; IDENTIFICATION AB BACKGROUND: Bemisia tabaci biotype B is a resistance-prone pest of protected and open agriculture. Systemic uptake bioassays used in resistance monitoring programs have provided important information on susceptibility to neonicotinoid insecticides, but have remained decoupled from field performance. Simultaneous bioassays conducted in field and laboratory settings were compared and related to concentrations of imidacloprid in plant tissue for clearer interpretation of resistance monitoring data. RESULTS: Mean mortalities of adult whiteflies confined on cantaloupe leaves field-treated with three rates of imidacloprid did not exceed 40% in two trials. In contrast, laboratory bioassays conducted on different subsets of the same whitefly populations yielded concentration-response curves suggestive of susceptibility to imidacloprid in five populations (LC50 values from 1.02 to 6.4) relative to a sixth population (LC50 = 13.8). In the field, densities of eggs and nymphs were significantly lower on the imidacloprid-treated cantaloupes compared with the untreated control, but the margin of control was greater in 2006 than in 2007. The potential impact of imidacloprid on whitefly eggs was explored in a greenhouse test that showed egg mortality occurring in both early (one-day-old) and late (three-day-old) eggs on cotton leaves systemically treated with imidacloprid. Quantification of imidacloprid residues in cotton leaves used routinely in systemic uptake bioassays revealed concentrations that greatly exceeded concentrations found in the field-treated cantaloupe leaves, at least at the three highest solution concentrations used for uptake. CONCLUSION: Systemic uptake bioassays have been widely used for monitoring B. tabaci resistance to imidacloprid, but without knowledge of imidacloprid concentrations that occur in test leaves relative to field concentrations. Higher mortality observed in systemic uptake bioassays relative to field-treated cantaloupes in this study suggests that field rates of imidacloprid are only partially effective against B. tabaci adults, in contrast to systemic uptake bioassays that showed susceptibility to imidacloprid. The discrepancy between field- and laboratory-based mortalities is probably due to extraordinarily high concentrations of imidacloprid that can occur in leaves of systemic uptake bioassays, potentially skewing perception of susceptibility to imidacloprid. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Castle, Steven J.; Merten, Paul] ARS, USDA, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Prabhaker, Nilima] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Castle, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM steven.castle@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 70 IS 10 SI SI BP 1538 EP 1546 DI 10.1002/ps.3717 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AQ2MW UT WOS:000342621800015 PM 24375968 ER PT J AU McKenzie, CL Kumar, V Palmer, CL Oetting, RD Osborne, LS AF McKenzie, Cindy L. Kumar, Vivek Palmer, Cristi L. Oetting, Ronald D. Osborne, Lance S. TI Chemical class rotations for control of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) on poinsettia and their effect on cryptic species population composition SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE MEAM1; MED; biotype B; biotype Q; insecticides; biopesticides ID POTATO WHITEFLY HOMOPTERA; EXOTIC Q-BIOTYPE; NEONICOTINOID INSECTICIDES; PYRIPROXYFEN RESISTANCE; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; NORTH-AMERICA; PEST-CONTROL; 1ST RECORD; B-BIOTYPE; FLORIDA AB BACKGROUND: Bemisia tabaci, a polyphagous insect with over 900 host plants, is an effective vector of more than 100 plant viruses. Being highly fecund, B. tabaci has the potential to develop insecticide resistance rapidly, as demonstrated by reports of use failures with MEAM1 and MED cryptic species (commonly known as biotypes B and Q respectively). Insecticide resistance management is a key component of pest management practices. The research herein studied season-long rotational management programs on poinsettia and their impact on the ratio of MEAM1: MED cryptic species in the surviving treated populations. RESULTS: In all four experiments, only three of the treatments completely eliminated the adult or immature whiteflies, but all significantly reduced the populations. Out of 18 active ingredients tested, dinotefuran (applied as a soil drench) was the most efficacious against both MEAM1 and MED cryptic species compared with the other chemical or biorational insecticides evaluated. Reduced susceptibility of MED was reported against a variety of treatment regimes. CONCLUSION: Rotations can be used to manage MEAM1 and MED cryptic species and maintain a very low population level or completely eliminate Bemisia on poinsettia. It is imperative to continue to emphasize the importance of rotating among different modes of action in pest management programs in order to retain effective chemistries for as long as possible in the market place. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [McKenzie, Cindy L.] ARS, USDA, USHRL, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Kumar, Vivek; Osborne, Lance S.] Univ Florida, Midflorida Res & Extens Ctr, IFAS, Apopka, FL USA. [Palmer, Cristi L.] Rutgers State Univ, IR Project Headquarters 4, Princeton, NJ USA. [Oetting, Ronald D.] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Griffin, GA USA. RP McKenzie, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, USHRL, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM cindy.mckenzie@ars.usda.gov RI Kumar, Vivek/E-5777-2016 OI Kumar, Vivek/0000-0003-1988-2536 FU Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative; USDA-NIFA grant FX This research was partially funded by the Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative and by a USDA-NIFA grant to the IR-4 Project. The authors would like to thank Dr Peter Stoffella for assisting in the statistical analysis and the two reviewers for their constructive criticism and helpful suggestions. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the US Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 71 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 70 IS 10 SI SI BP 1573 EP 1587 DI 10.1002/ps.3736 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AQ2MW UT WOS:000342621800019 PM 24464725 ER PT J AU Meyer, SE Franke, JL Baughman, OW Beckstead, J Geary, B AF Meyer, S. E. Franke, J-L Baughman, O. W. Beckstead, J. Geary, B. TI Does Fusarium-caused seed mortality contribute to Bromus tectorum stand failure in the Great Basin? SO WEED RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cheatgrass; downy brome; die-off; seed rot; semi-arid shrubland; soil-borne pathogen; water stress ID PATHOGEN PYRENOPHORA-SEMENIPERDA; GROWTH; SOIL; PLANTS AB Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass, downy brome) is an important invader in western North America, dominating millions of hectares of former semi-arid shrubland. Stand failure or die-off' is relatively common in monocultures of this annual grass. The study reported here investigated whether soil-borne pathogens could be causal agents in die-offs. Soils from two die-off areas and adjacent B.tectorum stands were used in a glasshouse experiment with sterilised and non-sterilised treatments. Soil sterilisation did not increase emergence, which averaged 80% in both die-off and non-die-off soils. Seedling biomass was higher in die-off soils, probably due to increased nitrogen availability. Fusarium was isolated from 80% of killed seeds in non-sterilised soil treatments. In pathogenicity tests with 16 Fusarium isolates, host seeds incubated under water stress (-1.5MPa for 1week prior to transfer to free water) suffered over twice the mortality of seeds incubated directly in free water (25-83% with water stress vs. 5-43% without water stress). These results suggest that soil-borne Fusarium could play a role in B.tectorum stand failure in the field, but that low water stress conditions in the glasshouse experiment were not conducive to high levels of disease. Pathogenic Fusarium isolates were obtained from seeds planted in both die-off and non-die-off soils, suggesting that microenvironmental factors that affect levels of water stress might be as important as relative abundance of soil-borne pathogens in mediating spatial patterns of disease incidence in the field. C1 [Meyer, S. E.] USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Franke, J-L; Geary, B.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Baughman, O. W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Beckstead, J.] Gonzaga Univ, Dept Biol, Spokane, WA 99258 USA. RP Meyer, SE (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Shrub Sci Lab, 735 North 500 East, Provo, UT 84606 USA. EM semeyer@xmission.com FU Joint Fire Sciences Program [2007-1-3-10]; USDI Bureau of Land Management Integrated Cheatgrass Die-off Project FX This research was funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program (Grant 2007-1-3-10 to SEM and JB) and through support to SEM, JB and BG from the USDI Bureau of Land Management Integrated Cheatgrass Die-off Project. There are no conflict of interest issues to report. Special thanks to Don Major and Mike Pellant of the Bureau of Land Management, Idaho State Office for their interest in this work. Thanks to Phil Allen for the soils data, Suzette Clement for culture work, Desiree Lara for ITS identifications, Todd Fineman, Lindsay Poston, Trevor Davis and Lauren Miller for glasshouse help, and Travis Poh and Sam Saunders for help with the pathogenicity study. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0043-1737 EI 1365-3180 J9 WEED RES JI Weed Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 511 EP 519 DI 10.1111/wre.12094 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AQ3IZ UT WOS:000342686900010 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, N Herrick, K Moshfegh, A Rybak, M AF Ahluwalia, Namanjeet Herrick, Kirsten Moshfegh, Alanna Rybak, Michael TI Caffeine intake in children in the United States and 10-y trends: 2001-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID ENERGY DRINK CONSUMPTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; ADULTS; CHILDHOOD; HEALTH; SLEEP; US AB Background: Because of the increasing concern of the potential adverse effects of caffeine intake in children, recent estimates of caffeine consumption in a representative sample of children are needed. Objectives: We provide estimates of caffeine intake in children in absolute amounts (mg) and in relation to body weight (mg/kg) to examine the association of caffeine consumption with sociodemographic factors and describe trends in caffeine intake in children in the United States. Design: We analyzed caffeine intake in 3280 children aged 2-19 y who participated in a 24-h dietary recall as part of the NHANES, which is a nationally representative survey of the US population with a cross-sectional design, in 2009-2010. Trends over time between 2001 and 2010 were examined in 2-19-y-old children (n = 18,530). Analyses were conducted for all children and repeated for caffeine consumers. Results: In 2009-2010, 71% of US children consumed caffeine on a given day. Median caffeine intakes for 2-5-, 6-11-, and 12-19-y olds were 1.3, 4.5, and 13.6 mg, respectively, and 4.7, 9.1, and 40.6 mg, respectively, in caffeine consumers. Non-Hispanic black children had lower caffeine intake than that of non-Hispanic white counterparts. Caffeine intake correlated positively with age; this association was independent of body weight. On a given day, 10% of 12-19-y-olds exceeded the suggested maximum caffeine intake of 2.5 mg/kg by Health Canada. A significant linear trend of decline in caffeine intake (in mg or mg/kg) was noted overall for children aged 2-19 y during 2001-2010. Specifically, caffeine intake declined by 3.0 and 4.6 mg in 2-5- and 6-11-y-old caffeine consumers, respectively; no change was noted in 12-19-y-olds. Conclusion: A majority of US children including preschoolers consumed caffeine. Caffeine intake was highest in 12-19-y-olds and remained stable over the 10-y study period in this age group. C1 [Ahluwalia, Namanjeet; Herrick, Kirsten] CDC, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Rybak, Michael] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna] USDA ARS, Food Surveys Res Grp, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ahluwalia, N (reprint author), CDC, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4110, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM naman.ahluwalia@cdc.gov OI Rybak, Michael/0000-0003-1650-8581 NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1124 EP 1132 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.082172 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AP7OT UT WOS:000342267300019 PM 25240076 ER PT J AU Wang, HF Lichtenstein, AH Lamon-Fava, S Jacques, PF AF Wang, Huifen Lichtenstein, Alice H. Lamon-Fava, Stefania Jacques, Paul F. TI Association between statin use and serum cholesterol concentrations is modified by whole-grain consumption: NHANES 2003-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; DIETARY PORTFOLIO; LOWERING FOODS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; FIBER; RISK; LOVASTATIN; METAANALYSIS; REDUCTION AB Background: Statins are used to lower cardiovascular disease risk in part because of their effects on plasma lipid profiles. Dietary whole grains have been reported to improve plasma lipid profiles. Little is known about potential interactions between statins and whole grains. Objective: We aimed to assess the interaction between statin use and whole-grain intake in relation to serum lipid concentrations in adults. Design: In this cross-sectional study, we used data from 4284 adults aged >= 45y with reliable and complete dietary data who were participating in the NHANES 2003-2006. Usual whole-grain intake was estimated from two 24-h diet recalls by using the MyPyramid Equivalents Database. Participants self-reported statin use. Total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol concentrations were measured in all adult participants. The non-HDL-cholesterol concentration and total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio were calculated. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were used for analyses. Results: Statin usage was 24.9% in all participants (n = 1065), and 31.0% of participants (n = 1327) consumed >= 16 g whole grains/d. After adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors, the non-HDL-cholesterol concentration was significantly lower in statin users than in nonusers. This difference was greater in participants who consumed >= 16 g whole grains/d (difference: 31 mg/dL; P < 0.001) than in those who consumed <16 g whole grains/d (difference = 20 mg/d; P < 0.001) (P-interaction = 0.03). Significant interactions were also observed between whole-grain intake and statin use in relation to the total cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol ratio (P-interaction = 0.04) and elevated total cholesterol concentration (P-interaction = 0.02). Conclusion: In adults aged >= 45 y, the use of statins was associated with healthier lipoprotein profiles when combined with higher whole-grain intake relative to low whole-grain intake. C1 [Wang, Huifen; Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Lamon-Fava, Stefania; Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, HF (reprint author), Nutr Epidemiol Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM huifen.wang@tufts.edu FU Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University; USDA [58-1950-0-014] FX Supported by Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University cluster pilot funds and USDA agreement 58-1950-0-014. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1149 EP 1157 DI 10.3945/ajcn.113.074344 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AP7OT UT WOS:000342267300022 PM 25240077 ER PT J AU Kalyuzhny, M Seri, E Chocron, R Flather, CH Kadmon, R Shnerb, NM AF Kalyuzhny, Michael Seri, Efrat Chocron, Rachel Flather, Curtis H. Kadmon, Ronen Shnerb, Nadav M. TI Niche versus Neutrality: A Dynamical Analysis SO AMERICAN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE neutral theory; environmental stochasticity; demographic stochasticity; density dependence; Barro Colorado Island (BCI); Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) ID DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTINCTION; ABUNDANCE; FOREST; RISKS; MODEL; AREA AB Understanding the forces shaping ecological communities is of crucial importance for basic science and conservation. After 50 years in which ecological theory has focused on either stable communities driven by niche-based forces or nonstable "neutral" communities driven by demographic stochasticity, contemporary theories suggest that ecological communities are driven by the simultaneous effects of both types of mechanisms. Here we examine this paradigm using the longest available records for the dynamics of tropical trees and breeding birds. Applying a macroecological approach and fluctuation analysis techniques borrowed from statistical physics, we show that both stabilizing mechanisms and demographic stochasticity fail to play a dominant role in shaping assemblages over time. Rather, community dynamics in these two very different systems is predominantly driven by environmental stochasticity. Clearly, the current melding of niche and neutral theories cannot account for such dynamics. Our results highlight the need for a new theory of community dynamics integrating environmental stochasticity with weak stabilizing forces and suggest that such theory may better describe the dynamics of ecological communities than current neutral theories, deterministic niche-based theories, or recent hybrids. C1 [Kalyuzhny, Michael; Chocron, Rachel; Kadmon, Ronen] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. [Seri, Efrat; Shnerb, Nadav M.] Bar Ilan Univ, Dept Phys, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Kalyuzhny, M (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Life Sci, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel. EM michael.kalyuzhny@mail.huji.ac.il RI Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology TASHTIOT program; Israeli Science Foundation BIKURA [1026/11, 454/11]; Advanced School for Environmental Studies in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem FX We thank O. Allouche, E. Barkai, D. Kessler, and W. E. Kunin for their valuable comments on this article and all the volunteers of Barro Colorado Island and the Breeding Bird Survey for their extraordinary work. We thank the principal investigators of the Center for Tropical Forest Science and USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center for facilitating use of their data in this analysis. This work was supported by the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology TASHTIOT program and by the Israeli Science Foundation BIKURA grants 1026/11 and 454/11. M. K. was supported by a grant from the Advanced School for Environmental Studies in the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 10 U2 60 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0003-0147 EI 1537-5323 J9 AM NAT JI Am. Nat. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 184 IS 4 BP 439 EP 446 DI 10.1086/677930 PG 8 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA AP7UB UT WOS:000342281100004 PM 25226179 ER PT J AU Cawley, KM Campbell, J Zwilling, M Jaffe, R AF Cawley, Kaelin M. Campbell, John Zwilling, Melissa Jaffe, Rudolf TI Evaluation of forest disturbance legacy effects on dissolved organic matter characteristics in streams at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, New Hampshire SO AQUATIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest; Dissolved organic matter (DOM); Dissolved organic carbon (DOC); Stream; Watershed; Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC); Land use ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; TEMPERATE HEADWATER STREAMS; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PARALLEL FACTOR-ANALYSIS; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; OLD-GROWTH; LAND-USE; CARBON AB Dissolved organic matter (DOM) source and composition are critical drivers of its reactivity, impact microbial food webs and influence ecosystem functions. It is believed that DOM composition and abundance represent an integrated signal derived from the surrounding watershed. Recent studies have shown that land-use may have a long-term effect on DOM composition. Methods for characterizing DOM, such as those that measure the optical properties and size of the molecules, are increasingly recognized as valuable tools for assessing DOM sources, cycling, and reactivity. In this study we measured DOM optical properties and molecular weight determinations to evaluate whether the legacy of forest disturbance alters the amount and composition of stream DOM. Differences in DOM quantity and composition due to vegetation type and to a greater extent, wetland influence, were more pronounced than effects due to disturbance. Our results suggest that excitation-emission matrix fluorescence with parallel factor analysis is a more sensitive metric of disturbance than the other methods evaluated. Analyses showed that streams draining watersheds that have been clearcut had lower dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations and higher microbially-derived and protein-like fluorescence features compared to reference streams. DOM optical properties in a watershed amended with calcium, were not significantly different than reference watersheds, but had higher concentrations of DOC. Collectively these results improve our understanding of how the legacy of forest disturbances and natural landscape characteristics affect the quantity and chemical composition of DOM in headwater streams, having implications for stream water quality and carbon cycling. C1 [Cawley, Kaelin M.; Jaffe, Rudolf] Florida Int Univ, Southeast Environm Res Ctr, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Campbell, John] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, Durham, NH USA. [Zwilling, Melissa; Jaffe, Rudolf] Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Jaffe, R (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM jaffer@fiu.edu OI Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-1114804]; Florida Coastal Everglades [DBI-0620409]; DOI-NPS; Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC) Endowment FX The authors thank Tammy Wooster for sample collection, Ian Halm for logistical support, and Yan Ding for assistance with laboratory analyses. Brian Pellerin and Jamie Shanley provided helpful comments that improved this manuscript. This research was supported by the National Science Foundation through grants to the Hubbard Brook (award #DEB-1114804) and the Florida Coastal Everglades (award #DBI-0620409) Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) programs, the DOI-NPS funded Everglades Fellowship Program (to KC), and through a contribution from the Southeast Environmental Research Center (SERC) Endowment (G. Barley Chair to RJ). This publication is a contribution to the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study. The Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Newtown Square, PA. This is SERC contribution number 680. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 54 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 1015-1621 EI 1420-9055 J9 AQUAT SCI JI Aquat. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 76 IS 4 BP 611 EP 622 DI 10.1007/s00027-014-0358-3 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AP7UR UT WOS:000342283000011 ER PT J AU Mollov, D Lockhart, B Zlesak, DC AF Mollov, Dimitre Lockhart, Ben Zlesak, David C. TI Complete nucleotide sequence of rose yellow leaf virus, a new member of the family Tombusviridae SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENOME ORGANIZATION; PATTERN VIRUS; RNA AB The genome of the rose yellow leaf virus (RYLV) has been determined to be 3918 nucleotides long and to contain seven open reading frames (ORFs). ORF1 encodes a 27-kDa peptide (p27). ORF2 shares a common start codon with ORF1 and continues through the amber stop codon of p27 to encode an 87-kDa (p87) protein that has amino acid similarity to the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of members of the family Tombusviridae. ORFs 3 and 4 have no significant amino acid similarity to known functional viral ORFs. ORF5 encodes a 6-kDa (p6) protein that has similarity to movement proteins of members of the Tombusviridae. ORF5A has no conventional start codon and overlaps with p6. A putative +1 frameshift mechanism allows p6 translation to continue through the stop codon and results in a 12-kDa protein that has high homology to the carmovirus p13 movement protein. The 37-kDa protein encoded by ORF6 has amino acid sequence similarity to coat proteins (CP) of members of the Tombusviridae. ORF7 has no significant amino acid similarity to known viral ORFs. Phylogenetic analysis of the RdRp amino acid sequences grouped RYLV together with the unclassified Rosa rugosa leaf distortion virus (RrLDV), pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV), and pelargonium chlorotic ring pattern virus (PCRPV) in a distinct subgroup of the family Tombusviridae. C1 [Mollov, Dimitre] ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Lockhart, Ben] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Zlesak, David C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant & Earth Sci, River Falls, WI 54022 USA. RP Mollov, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM dimitre.mollov@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 159 IS 10 BP 2795 EP 2798 DI 10.1007/s00705-014-2106-3 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA AP9QD UT WOS:000342413500034 PM 24838852 ER PT J AU Price, DJ Clark, CH Tang, XC Cocker, DR Purvis-Roberts, KL Silva, PJ AF Price, Derek J. Clark, Christopher H. Tang, Xiaochen Cocker, David R. Purvis-Roberts, Kathleen L. Silva, Philip J. TI Proposed chemical mechanisms leading to secondary organic aerosol in the reactions of aliphatic amines with hydroxyl and nitrate radicals SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Peroxy radical; Amine; Oligomer formation; Mechanism; Mass spectrometry ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; MASS-SPECTROMETER; ATMOSPHERIC REACTIONS; REAL-TIME; PHOTOOXIDATION; CHEMISTRY; ISOPRENE; PRODUCTS AB The presence and importance of amines in the atmosphere, including aliphatic amines, continues to gain more attention. The atmospheric reaction mechanisms of these amines with key atmospheric radicals are important to predict both daytime and nighttime atmospheric chemistry. While previous studies have focused on the production of amine salts, this analysis looks at the importance of peroxy radical reactions to the formation of secondary organic aerosol. Atmospheric oxidation mechanisms are presented to explain the observed chemistry. A series of environmental chamber experiments were conducted in which aliphatic tertiary and secondary amines were reacted with either hydroxyl radical (OH) or nitrate radical (NO3). Chemical composition of the aerosol products was obtained with a High Resolution Time of Flight Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) and a Particle Into Liquid Sampler Time of Flight Mass Spectrometer (PILS-ToF-MS), while the chemical composition of the gas-phase products was obtained with a Selected Ion Flow Tube Mass Spectrometer (SIFT-MS). A number of aerosol-phase mass spectra showed highly oxidized fragments at a much higher molecular weight (MW) than the amine precursor. It is proposed that these larger compounds are oligomers formed through peroxy radical reactions with hydrogen rearrangement. Another reaction pathway observed was the formation of amine salts. The relative importance of each pathway to the overall production of aerosol is found to be dependent on the type of amine and oxidant. For example, the oligomers were observed in the tertiary methyl amines, while the formation of amine salts was more prevalent in the secondary and tertiary ethyl amines. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Price, Derek J.; Clark, Christopher H.; Tang, Xiaochen; Cocker, David R.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem & Environm Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Price, Derek J.; Clark, Christopher H.; Tang, Xiaochen; Cocker, David R.] Univ Calif Riverside, Ctr Environm Res & Technol, Bourns Coll Engn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Purvis-Roberts, Kathleen L.] Claremont McKenna Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Purvis-Roberts, Kathleen L.] Pitzer Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Purvis-Roberts, Kathleen L.] Scripps Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Silva, Philip J.] ARS, USDA, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. RP Cocker, DR (reprint author), CE CERT, 1084 Columbia Ave, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM derek.price@email.ucr.edu; christopher.h.clark@navy.mil; xiaochen.tang@email.ucr.edu; dcocker@engr.ucr.edu; KPurvis@kecksci.claremont.edu; Phil.Silva@ars.usda.gov RI Cocker, David/F-4442-2010; OI Cocker, David/0000-0002-0586-0769; Price, Derek/0000-0003-3693-1475 FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0449778]; W. M. Keck Foundation; Naval Surface Warfare Center FX We acknowledge funding support from the National Science Foundation (ATM-0449778), the W. M. Keck Foundation, and the Naval Surface Warfare Center. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 14 U2 101 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 96 BP 135 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.07.035 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP7HF UT WOS:000342247700015 ER PT J AU Riddick, EW Wu, ZX Rojas, MG AF Riddick, Eric W. Wu, Zhixin Rojas, M. Guadalupe TI Potential utilization of Artemia franciscana eggs as food for Coleomegilla maculata SO BIOCONTROL LA English DT Article DE Artemiidae; Coccinellidae; Pyralidae; Life history; Nutritional ecology ID POTATO BEETLE COLEOPTERA; LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE; ALTERNATIVE FOOD; ORIUS-LAEVIGATUS; ARTIFICIAL DIETS; LADYBIRD BEETLE; FACTITIOUS FOOD; ERIOPIS-CONNEXA; COCCINELLIDAE; PREY AB A major hindrance to mass rearing predators for augmentative biological control is the limited availability of inexpensive, alternative foods in lieu of natural prey or target prey. We tested the hypothesis that brine shrimp eggs (Artemia franciscana) are a suitable alternative food that support the development of the predatory ladybird beetle, Coleomegilla maculata. Laboratory bioassays determined the effects of A. franciscana on C. maculata growth, development and reproduction. In comparison to Mediterranean flour moth eggs (Ephestia kuehniella), A. franciscana eggs were suitable for growth and development, but not for reproduction. C. maculata females oviposited less often when fed A. franciscana rather than E. kuehniella. One reason for the low oviposition rate could be less soluble protein in A. franciscana than in E. kuehniella, as determined by biochemical analysis. Further research is needed to identify all deficiencies in A. franciscana and explore the possibility of using supplemental nutrients to counteract them. C1 [Riddick, Eric W.; Wu, Zhixin; Rojas, M. Guadalupe] ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Riddick, EW (reprint author), ARS, Natl Biol Control Lab, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, USDA, 59 Lee Rd, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM eric.riddick@ars.usda.gov; zhixin.wu@ars.usda.gov; guadalupe.rojas@ars.usda.gov OI riddick, eric/0000-0002-4795-961X NR 49 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6141 EI 1573-8248 J9 BIOCONTROL JI Biocontrol PD OCT PY 2014 VL 59 IS 5 BP 575 EP 583 DI 10.1007/s10526-014-9597-4 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9XO UT WOS:000342435500010 ER PT J AU Zhong, XL Shi, YR Chen, JJ Xu, JQ Wang, L Beier, RC Hou, XL Liu, FH AF Zhong, Xinlu Shi, Yaran Chen, Jiajia Xu, Jianqing Wang, Lei Beier, Ross C. Hou, Xiaolin Liu, Fenghua TI Polyphenol Extracts from Punica granatum and Terminalia chebula Are Anti-inflammatory and Increase the Survival Rate of Chickens Challenged with Escherichia coli SO BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE polyphenol; Escherichia coli; specific-pathogen-free chick; anti-inflammatory ID NF-KAPPA-B; MAMMARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; FRUIT EXTRACTS; IN-VITRO; ANTIOXIDANT; ACTIVATION; MICE AB Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes inflammation in multiple organs of chickens called avian colibacillosis, and results in serious economic loss to the chicken industry. Polyphenolic compounds possess a wide range of physiological activities that may contribute to their beneficial effects against inflammation-related diseases. In this study, the curative effect and mechanism of action of the polyphenolic extracts from Punica granatum L. and Terminalia chebula RETZ. in chickens challenged with APEC were studied. Specific-pathogen-free white Leghorn chickens (males, 21-d old) were challenged with APEC and then given oral administration of extracts of P. granatum and T. chebula. The extracts decreased the morbidity and inflammation induced by APEC. Data from quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the extracts of P. granatum and T. chebula polyphenols (GCP) reversed the over-expression genes of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, 4, and 5, down-regulated the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B signal transduction pathways, and inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Naturally occurring GCP may be a potential alternative medicine for the prevention or treatment of avian colibacillosis. C1 [Zhong, Xinlu; Shi, Yaran; Chen, Jiajia; Wang, Lei; Hou, Xiaolin; Liu, Fenghua] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Xu, Jianqing] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Hou, XL (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. EM hxlsx@163.com; liufenghua1209@126.com FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272478, 31372485]; National Twelve-Five Technological Supported Plan of China [2011BAD34B01]; Public Service Sectors Agriculture Research Projects [201003060-9/10] FX This work was supported by Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31272478, 31372485), the National Twelve-Five Technological Supported Plan of China (2011BAD34B01), and the Public Service Sectors Agriculture Research Projects (201003060-9/10). NR 42 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 26 PU PHARMACEUTICAL SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA 2-12-15 SHIBUYA, SHIBUYA-KU, TOKYO, 150-0002, JAPAN SN 0918-6158 J9 BIOL PHARM BULL JI Biol. Pharm. Bull. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 37 IS 10 BP 1575 EP 1582 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AQ0NK UT WOS:000342479800001 PM 25273385 ER PT J AU Reeves, MC Moreno, AL Bagne, KE Running, SW AF Reeves, Matthew C. Moreno, Adam L. Bagne, Karen E. Running, Steven W. TI Estimating climate change effects on net primary production of rangelands in the United States SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID ALTERS SPECIES COMPOSITION; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; CARBON-DIOXIDE; ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; GRASSLAND RESPONSES; PLANT COMMUNITY; WATER RELATIONS; GLOBAL CHANGE; C-4 GRASSES AB The potential effects of climate change on net primary productivity (NPP) of U.S. rangelands were evaluated using estimated climate regimes from the A1B, A2 and B2 global change scenarios imposed on the biogeochemical cycling model, Biome-BGC from 2001 to 2100. Temperature, precipitation, vapor pressure deficit, day length, solar radiation, CO2 enrichment and nitrogen deposition were evaluated as drivers of NPP. Across all three scenarios, rangeland NPP increased by 0.26 % year(-1) (7 kg C ha(-1) year(-1)) but increases were not apparent until after 2030 and significant regional variation in NPP was revealed. The Desert Southwest and Southwest assessment regions exhibited declines in NPP of about 7 % by 2100, while the Northern and Southern Great Plains, Interior West and Eastern Prairies all experienced increases over 25 %. Grasslands dominated by warm season (C4 photosynthetic pathway) species showed the greatest response to temperature while cool season (C3 photosynthetic pathway) dominated regions responded most strongly to CO2 enrichment. Modeled NPP responses compared favorably with experimental results from CO2 manipulation experiments and to NPP estimates from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Collectively, these results indicate significant and asymmetric changes in NPP for U.S. rangelands may be expected. C1 [Reeves, Matthew C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Human Dimens Program, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Moreno, Adam L.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci Vienna, Inst Silviculture, A-1190 Vienna, Austria. [Bagne, Karen E.] Kenyon Coll, Dept Biol, Gambier, OH 43022 USA. [Running, Steven W.] Univ Montana, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Reeves, MC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Human Dimens Program, POB 7669,200 E Broadway, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM mreeves@fs.fed.us FU United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rangeland Management; Vegetation Ecology Department FX We would like to acknowledge the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rangeland Management and Vegetation Ecology Department for their financial support for this project. We thank Dr. John Mitchell for providing information for improving the manuscript. In addition, we thank anonymous reviewers that provided useful suggestions for improving the manuscript. NR 75 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 117 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD OCT PY 2014 VL 126 IS 3-4 BP 429 EP 442 DI 10.1007/s10584-014-1235-8 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP9VD UT WOS:000342428000011 ER PT J AU Stavros, EN Abatzoglou, JT McKenzie, D Larkin, NK AF Stavros, E. Natasha Abatzoglou, John T. McKenzie, Donald Larkin, Narasimhan K. TI Regional projections of the likelihood of very large wildland fires under a changing climate in the contiguous Western United States SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID MEGA-FIRES; WILDFIRE; MODEL; VARIABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS; FORESTS; REGIMES; TRENDS; IMPACT AB Seasonal changes in the climatic potential for very large wildfires (VLWF a parts per thousand yenaEuro parts per thousand 50,000 ac similar to 20,234 ha) across the western contiguous United States are projected over the 21st century using generalized linear models and downscaled climate projections for two representative concentration pathways (RCPs). Significant (p a parts per thousand currency signaEuro parts per thousand 0.05) increases in VLWF probability for climate of the mid-21st century (2031-2060) relative to contemporary climate are found, for both RCP 4.5 and 8.5. The largest differences are in the Eastern Great Basin, Northern Rockies, Pacific Northwest, Rocky Mountains, and Southwest. Changes in seasonality and frequency of VLWFs d7epend on changes in the future climate space. For example, flammability-limited areas such as the Pacific Northwest show that (with high model agreement) the frequency of weeks with VLWFs in a given year is 2-2.7 more likely. However, frequency of weeks with at least one VLWF in fuel-limited systems like the Western Great Basin is 1.3 times more likely (with low model agreement). Thus, areas where fire is directly associated with hot and dry climate, as opposed to experiencing lagged effects from previous years, experience more change in the likelihood of VLWF in future projections. The results provide a quantitative foundation for management to mitigate the effects of VLWFs. C1 [Stavros, E. Natasha] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Abatzoglou, John T.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geog, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [McKenzie, Donald; Larkin, Narasimhan K.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. RP Stavros, EN (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr,MS 233-300, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM natasha.stavros@jpl.nasa.gov OI Abatzoglou, John/0000-0001-7599-9750 FU Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service; Joint Fire Science Program [11-1-7-4]; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX The Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, and the Joint Fire Science Program, project 11-1-7-4, provided funding for this paper. The authors would like to thank Robert Norheim, with the University of Washington, for designing maps used in the analysis and organizing the data, as well as Ernesto Alvarado, Christian Torgersen, Tim Essington, David L. Peterson, and Tara Strand for constructive reviews. The final stages of this work were carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Copyright 2014. All rights reserved. NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 50 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD OCT PY 2014 VL 126 IS 3-4 BP 455 EP 468 DI 10.1007/s10584-014-1229-6 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP9VD UT WOS:000342428000013 ER PT J AU Welch, KD Lundgren, JG AF Welch, Kelton D. Lundgren, Jonathan G. TI Predator responses to novel haemolymph defences of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera) larvae SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE functional response; chemical defences; autohaemorrhage; Gryllus pennsylvanicus; Lasius neoniger; Lithobiidae; group foraging; biological control; natural enemy; aversion; Coleoptera; Chrysomelidae ID CRICKET GRYLLUS-BIMACULATUS; OLFACTORY MEMORY; GENERALIST PREDATORS; TOXIC INVADER; CHRYSOMELIDAE; PREY; FOOD; ANT; COLEOPTERA; MECHANISM AB Many herbivorous arthropods use defensive chemistry to discourage predators from attacking. This chemistry relies on the ability of predators to rapidly learn to recognize and avoid offensive stimuli. Western corn rootworm (WCR), Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), employs multifaceted chemical defences in its haemolymph, which may contribute significantly to its success as a major economic pest. Here, we test the hypothesis that agrobiont predators can rapidly learn to recognize and avoid WCR larvae, and will thereby reduce their contribution to WCR suppression. In controlled feeding assays, the effectiveness of WCR haemolymph defences varied across three predator taxa (crickets, centipedes, and ants). Centipedes (Chilopoda: Lithobiidae) were minimally affected by WCR defences, but crickets [Gryllus pennsylvanicus Burmeister (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)] spent less time feeding on WCR than on an undefended control prey, house fly maggots. However, we uncovered no evidence indicating that experienced crickets rapidly learn to avoid WCR larvae, indicating that haemolymph defences offer few, if any, survival benefits for WCR. Colonies of ants [Lasius neoniger Emery (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)] switched from low worker participation in initial attacks on WCR to higher worker participation in subsequent attacks, indicating an attempt to overcome, rather than avoid, WCR haemolymph defences. These results suggest that a diverse assemblage of natural enemies will show a diverse array of behavioural responses to toxic pest prey, and highlight the importance of behavioural diversity in driving the function of natural enemy assemblages. C1 [Welch, Kelton D.; Lundgren, Jonathan G.] ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Welch, KD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, North Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM kelton.welch@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0013-8703 EI 1570-7458 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 153 IS 1 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1111/eea.12230 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP8SN UT WOS:000342349300009 ER PT J AU Prera, AJ Grimsrud, KM Thacher, JA McCollum, DW Berrens, RP AF Prera, Alejandro J. Grimsrud, Kristine M. Thacher, Jennifer A. McCollum, Dan W. Berrens, Robert P. TI Using Canonical Correlation Analysis to Identify Environmental Attitude Groups: Considerations for National Forest Planning in the Southwestern US SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest policy; National forests and grasslands; Public Land Values; Multivariate analysis ID VALUE ORIENTATIONS; CONTINGENT VALUES; MANAGEMENT; BEHAVIOR; PREFERENCES; RECREATION; ETHNICITY; BELIEFS; CONTEXT; ALBERTA AB As public land management agencies pursue region-specific resource management plans, with meaningful consideration of public attitudes and values, there is a need to characterize the complex mix of environmental attitudes in a diverse population. The contribution of this investigation is to make use of a unique household, mail/internet survey data set collected in 2007 in the Southwestern United States (Region 3 of the U.S. Forest Service). With over 5,800 survey responses to a set of 25 Public Land Value statements, canonical correlation analysis is able to identify 7 statistically distinct environmental attitudinal groups. We also examine the effect of expected changes in regional demographics on overall environmental attitudes, which may help guide in the development of socially acceptable long-term forest management policies. Results show significant support for conservationist management policies and passive environmental values, as well as a greater role for stakeholder groups in generating consensus for current and future forest management policies. C1 [Prera, Alejandro J.] Washington State Univ, Sch Econ Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Grimsrud, Kristine M.] Stat Norway, Oslo, Norway. [Thacher, Jennifer A.; Berrens, Robert P.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Econ, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [McCollum, Dan W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Prera, AJ (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Sch Econ Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM alejandro.prera@wsu.edu FU Department of Economics, University of New Mexico (Flagstaff, AZ) [06-JV-199, 05-JV-257]; Rocky Mountain Research Station, U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Service (Fort Collins, CO) [06-JV-199, 05-JV-257] FX We thank Carolyn Sieg, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Flagstaff, AZ, for research support. Funding was provided under Joint Venture Agreements (06-JV-199 and 05-JV-257) between the Department of Economics, University of New Mexico, and the Rocky Mountain Research Station (Flagstaff, AZ, and Fort Collins, CO, respectively), U.S. Department of Agriculture's Forest Service. We would also like to thank an anonymous reviewer and the editor for suggesting additional sensitivity tests on the imputation method and results. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 4 BP 756 EP 767 DI 10.1007/s00267-014-0349-0 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP9VK UT WOS:000342428700009 PM 25108659 ER PT J AU Schwarz, KB Belant, JL Martin, JA DeVault, TL Wang, GM AF Schwarz, Kristin B. Belant, Jerrold L. Martin, James A. DeVault, Travis L. Wang, Guiming TI Behavioral Traits and Airport Type Affect Mammal Incidents with US Civil Aircraft SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Airport; Airport management; Aviation hazard; Mammals; United States; Wildlife-aircraft incident; Wildlife strike ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; VEHICLE COLLISIONS; DAMAGE; DETERRENTS; MANAGEMENT; ACCIDENTS; SURVIVAL; CRASHES; BARRIER; TRENDS AB Wildlife incidents with aircraft cost the United States (U.S.) civil aviation industry > US$1.4 billion in estimated damages and loss of revenue from 1990 to 2009. Although terrestrial mammals represented only 2.3 % of wildlife incidents, damage to aircraft occurred in 59 % of mammal incidents. We examined mammal incidents (excluding bats) at all airports in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Wildlife Strike Database from 1990 to 2010 to characterize these incidents by airport type: Part-139 certified (certificated) and general aviation (GA). We also calculated relative hazard scores for species most frequently involved in incidents. We found certificated airports had more than twice as many incidents as GA airports. Incidents were most frequent in October (n = 215 of 1,764 total) at certificated airports and November (n = 111 of 741 total) at GA airports. Most (63.2 %) incidents at all airports (n = 1,523) occurred at night but the greatest incident rate occurred at dusk (177.3 incidents/hr). More incidents with damage (n = 1,594) occurred at GA airports (38.6 %) than certificated airports (19.0 %). Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates) incidents incurred greatest (92.4 %) damage costs (n = 326; US$51.8 million) overall and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) was the most hazardous species. Overall, relative hazard score increased with increasing log body mass. Frequency of incidents was influenced by species relative seasonal abundance and behavior. We recommend airport wildlife officials evaluate the risks mammal species pose to aircraft based on the hazard information we provide and consider prioritizing management strategies that emphasize reducing their occurrence on airport property. C1 [Schwarz, Kristin B.; Wang, Guiming] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Martin, James A.] Mississippi State Univ, Agr Ecol & Carnivore Ecol Labs, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [DeVault, Travis L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Schwarz, KB (reprint author), 1139 Marie St, Tupelo, MS USA. EM biondikm@gmail.com FU Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture and Forest and Wildlife Research Center at Mississippi State University; United States Department of Agriculture; FAA [DTFACT-04-X-90003] FX Our work was supported by the Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Aquaculture and Forest and Wildlife Research Center at Mississippi State University; United States Department of Agriculture; and the FAA under agreement DTFACT-04-X-90003. Opinions expressed in this study do not necessarily reflect current FAA policy decisions regarding the control of wildlife on or near airports. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 4 BP 908 EP 918 DI 10.1007/s00267-014-0345-4 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP9VK UT WOS:000342428700021 PM 25082299 ER PT J AU Engeman, R Avery, ML Jacobson, E AF Engeman, Richard Avery, Michael L. Jacobson, Elliott TI Weighing empirical and hypothetical evidence for assessing potential invasive species range limits: a review of the case of Burmese pythons in the USA SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Climate matching; Constrictor snakes; Physiological ecology; Python molurus bivittatus; Species distribution models; Thermal tolerances ID EVERGLADES NATIONAL-PARK; MOLURUS-BIVITTATUS; FLORIDA; MODELS; REPTILES; DISTRIBUTIONS; EXPANSION; SUCCESS; PREDICT AB Range expansion potential is an important consideration for prioritizing management actions against an invasive species. Understanding the potential for range expansion by invasive reptiles such as the Burmese python can be challenging, because the lack of knowledge on fundamental physiological and behavioral constraints initially forces reliance on modeling to predict hypothetical invasive range potential. Hypothetical predictions for Burmese python range limits in the USA have been highly divergent, from only extreme South Florida and the extreme southern Gulf edge of Texas to a broad swath over the southern third of the continental USA. Empirical observations on python thermal tolerances and behavioral abilities to cope with more temperate temperatures became evident during a cold spell in December 2009-January 2010. We review and highlight important considerations for improving invasive range estimation methodology, deciding between competing range predictions, and the importance of having, and applying, empirical data to aid in decision making. C1 [Engeman, Richard] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Avery, Michael L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA. [Jacobson, Elliott] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. RP Engeman, R (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM richard.m.engeman@aphis.usda.gov NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 26 U2 116 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0944-1344 EI 1614-7499 J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 20 BP 11973 EP 11978 DI 10.1007/s11356-014-3173-4 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ0DP UT WOS:000342453100031 PM 24943887 ER PT J AU Callaway, TR Edrington, TS Nisbet, DJ AF Callaway, Todd R. Edrington, Tom S. Nisbet, David J. TI Isolation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella from Migratory Brown-Headed Cowbirds (Molothrus ater), Common Grackles (Quiscalus quiscula), and Cattle Egrets (Bubulcus ibis) SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID EUROPEAN STARLINGS; PREVALENCE; BIRDS; CONTAMINATION; ENTERICA; FEEDLOT; DAIRIES; TRUCKS; FARMS; OHIO AB Zoonotic enteric pathogenic bacteria can live in the intestinal tract of birds and can be transmitted to food animals or humans via fecal contact. In the present study, cecal samples were collected from 376 migratory birds from species often associated with cattle during the fall migration in the Central Flyway of the United States. Brown-headed cowbirds (n=309, Molothrus ater), common grackles (n=51, Quiscalus quiscula), and cattle egrets (n=12, Bubulcus ibis) contained foodborne pathogenic bacteria in their ceca. Salmonella enterica was isolated from 14.9% of all samples, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 from 3.7%. Salmonella serotypes isolated included the following: Muenster, Montevideo, and Typhimurium. Our data suggest that migratory birds associated with cattle could be a vector for zoonotic enteric pathogenic bacteria to be disseminated across long distances. C1 [Callaway, Todd R.; Edrington, Tom S.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, USDA, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM todd.callaway@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 11 IS 10 BP 791 EP 794 DI 10.1089/fpd.2014.1800 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AP9WL UT WOS:000342431900006 PM 25078494 ER PT J AU Saunders, MR Jenkins, MA Michler, CH Webster, CR AF Saunders, Michael R. Jenkins, Michael A. Michler, Charles H. Webster, Christopher R. TI Piecing Together the Fragments-Select Papers from the Ninth North American Forest Ecology Workshop SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH C1 [Saunders, Michael R.; Jenkins, Michael A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Michler, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Hardwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Webster, Christopher R.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Saunders, MR (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM msaunder@purdue.edu; jenkinma@purdue.edu; cmichler@fs.fed.us; cwebster@mtu.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 817 EP 818 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-699 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700001 ER PT J AU Potter, KM Koch, FH AF Potter, Kevin M. Koch, Frank H. TI Patterns of Forest Phylogenetic Community Structure across the United States and Their Possible Forest Health Implications SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE evolutionary ecology; forest community; forest ecology; forest health assessment; landscape ecology ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; ECOLOGICAL COMMUNITIES; TRAIT EVOLUTION; RAIN-FOREST; DIVERSITY; TREE; BIODIVERSITY; NICHE; SCALE; DIVERSIFICATION AB The analysis of phylogenetic relationships among co-occurring tree species offers insights into the ecological organization of forest communities from an evolutionary perspective and, when employed regionally across thousands of plots, can assist in forest health assessment. Phylogenetic clustering of species, when species are more closely related than expected by chance, suggests a process of evolutionary niche conservatism. Because such communities share much evolutionary history and an affinity for similar environmental conditions, they may be particularly susceptible to threats such as insects and diseases and shifting climate conditions. Meanwhile, a pattern of phylogenetic evenness, in which the species are less closely related than by chance, may indicate competitive exclusion or interspecies facilitation. The ecological integrity of such communities may be less at risk because they may encompass a wider variety of evolutionary adaptations. Using a network of more than 100,000 forest inventory plots across the conterminous United States, we tested whether community phylogenetic structure was significantly clustered or even at multiple scales. Clustering predominated across most of the study area, indicating the widespread significance of evolutionary niche conservatism, except in areas of the west. Phylogenetic structure varied along environmental gradients, suggesting that clustering predominates in more favorable locations and evenness predominates in areas with harsher environments. These results have implications for broad-scale forest health monitoring. C1 [Potter, Kevin M.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. [Koch, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Station, Washington, DC USA. RP Potter, KM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27713 USA. EM kpotter@ncsu.edu; fhkoch@fs.fed.us OI Koch, Frank/0000-0002-3750-4507; Potter, Kevin/0000-0002-7330-5345 FU USDA Forest Service [06-JV-11330146-124, 08-JV-11330146-078, 12-JV-11330146-063]; North Carolina State University [06-JV-11330146-124, 08-JV-11330146-078, 12-JV-11330146-063] FX We appreciate the technical assistance of Cam Webb, Kurt Riitters, and Bill Smith, and we extend our appreciation to Mark Ambrose for his discussions and comments about the analyses, as well as to two anonymous reviewers who provided helpful comments. We thank Marc Johnson and the following members of the North Carolina State University Ecology and Evolution Reading Group for their thoughtful comments: Warren Booth, Norm Douglas, John Grady, Rosemary Grinnan, William Hoffmann, Sean Menke, Nash Turley, and Michael Weiser. This research was supported in part through Research Joint Venture Agreements 06-JV-11330146-124, 08-JV-11330146-078, and 12-JV-11330146-063 between the USDA Forest Service and North Carolina State University. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 28 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 851 EP 861 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-115 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700005 ER PT J AU Guyette, RP Thompson, FR Whittier, J Stambaugh, MC Dey, DC AF Guyette, Richard P. Thompson, Frank R. Whittier, Jodi Stambaugh, Michael C. Dey, Daniel C. TI Future Fire Probability Modeling with Climate Change Data and Physical Chemistry SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fire scars; dendrochronology; physical chemistry; ecosystems ID UNITED-STATES; 6 CENTURIES; PRECIPITATION; REGIMES; INTENSITY; FREQUENCY; PATTERNS; WILDFIRE; TRENDS; USA AB Climate has a primary influence on the occurrence and rate of combustion in ecosystems with carbon-based fuels such as forests and grasslands. Society will be confronted with the effects of climate change on fire in future forests. There are, however, few quantitative appraisals of how climate will affect wildland fire in the United States. We demonstrated a method for estimating changes in fire probability based on future climate simulations of temperature and precipitation. The probability of a fire occurring in a particular climate was extracted from the Physical Chemistry Fire Frequency Model (PC2FM) and represented the rate of change in fire due to climate. Climate output data from two global climate models (GCMs) were applied to the PC2FM to estimate changes in fire probability. We calculated change in fire frequency and probabilities from the difference between current and future climates and mapped climate-forced percentage change in fire probability under each GCM for the nation at a 1.2 km(2) scale. Future fire probability estimates increased in cooler northern and high elevation regions but decreased slightly in some hotter and drier regions of the southwestern United States. Our approach's greatest strength may be reliance on only climate data and the simple principles of physical chemistry; many other nonclimatic factors that affect fire are often difficult to predict in the distant future. C1 [Guyette, Richard P.; Whittier, Jodi; Stambaugh, Michael C.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R.; Dey, Daniel C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Guyette, RP (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM guyetter@missouri.edu; fthompson@fs.fed.us; jwhittier@missouri.edu; mstambaugh@missouril.edu; ddey@fs.fed.us RI Clark, Stacy/I-3410-2015 FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station; US Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center, under USGS FX We thank William Dijak and Jacob Fraser for help with data and analyses. The USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station and the US Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center, under USGS for provided finding for this study. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 25 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 862 EP 870 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-108 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700006 ER PT J AU Ruzicka, KJ Puettmann, KJ Olson, DH AF Ruzicka, Kenneth J., Jr. Puettmann, Klaus J. Olson, Deanna H. TI Management of Riparian Buffers: Upslope Thinning with Downslope Impacts SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE riparian zone; thinning; drought; climate; western Oregon; riparian management ID DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE EXPERIMENTS; TREE GROWTH-RESPONSE; WESTERN OREGON; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RADIAL GROWTH; MICROCLIMATIC GRADIENTS; LANDSCAPE CONTROLS; HEADWATER FORESTS; PLANT DIVERSITY AB We examined the potential of using upslope density management to influence growth and drought tolerance of trees in untreated downslope riparian forests. Increment cores from Douglas-fir trees in three mature stands in western Oregon, USA, were colleded and measured. Trees responded to an apparent edge effect up to 15 m downslope of thinned areas but not downslope of gaps. Growth responses in riparian trees were not affected by slope or potential solar radiation (as a function of location and topography). In addition, in a retrospective analysis of tree growth and allocation patterns (represented by the ratio of earlywood to latewood) and climate after treatment over a 12-year period, trees in our study area did not appear to be water limited and did not show a strong correlation with regional drought metrics. We hypothesize that vegetation layers in these riparian forest stands responded differentially to additional resources becoming available as a result of thinning, with overstory trees in riparian areas responding downslope of thinned uplands and subdominant canopy layers responding downslope of gaps. Our study demonstrates that managers can affect riparian forests with upland treatments to a limited spatial extent, which may be the only option in areas where direct riparian management is restricted due to concerns for other ecosystem services. C1 [Ruzicka, Kenneth J., Jr.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Puettmann, Klaus J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Olson, Deanna H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Ruzicka, KJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kenneth.ruzicka@oregonstate.edu FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Act; USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station; US Environmental Protection Agency; Bureau of Land Management; Edmund Hayes Silvicultural Fellowship FX Our research was supported by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, the USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, the US Environmental Protection Agency, the Bureau of Land Management, and the Edmund Hayes Silvicultural Fellowship. We thank Paul Puettmann for help with data collection and Kelly Christiansen for help with figures. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. NR 120 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 33 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 881 EP 892 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-107 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700008 ER PT J AU Shifley, SR Moser, WK Nowak, DJ Miles, PD Butler, BJ Aguilar, FX DeSantis, RD Greenfield, EJ AF Shifley, Stephen R. Moser, W. Keith Nowak, David J. Miles, Patrick D. Butler, Brett J. Aguilar, Francisco X. DeSantis, Ryan D. Greenfield, Eric J. TI Five Anthropogenic Factors That Will Radically Alter Forest Conditions and Management Needs in the Northern United States SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE diversity; forest health; urbanization; land-use change; owner attitudes ID SUSTAINABLE FORESTRY; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; US FORESTS; INVASIONS; PLANTS; INVASIVENESS; DISTURBANCE; PATHOGEN; PATTERNS; RESOURCE AB The Northern United States includes the 20 states bounded by Maine, Maryland, Missouri, and Minnesota. With 70 million ha of forestland and 124 million people, it is the most densely forested (42% of land area) and most densely populated (74 people/km(2)) quadrant of the United States. Three recent, large-scale, multiresource assessments of forest conditions provide insight about trends and issues in the North, and collectively these and other supporting documents highlight factors that will be extraordinarily influential in large-scale northern forest management needs over the next 50 years. This review article discusses five of those factors: (1) northern forests lack age-class diversity and will uniformly grow old without management interventions or natural disturbances, (2) the area of forestland in the North will decrease as a consequence of expanding urban areas, (3) invasive species will alter forest density, diversity, and function, (4) management intensity for timber is low in northern forests and likely to remain so, and (5) management for nontimber objectives will gain relevance but will be challenging to implement. Suggested actions to address these factors include the following: develop quantifiable state and regional goals for forest diversity, understand the spatial and structural impacts of urban expansion on forests, develop symbiotic relationships among forest owners, forest managers, forest industry and the other stakeholders to support contemporary conservation goals, and work to understand the many dimensions of forest change. In the next several decades, climate change seems unlikely to overwhelm or negate any of the five factors discussed in this article; rather it will add another complicating dimension. C1 [Shifley, Stephen R.] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Moser, W. Keith; Nowak, David J.; Miles, Patrick D.; Butler, Brett J.; Greenfield, Eric J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Aguilar, Francisco X.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [DeSantis, Ryan D.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Riverside, CA USA. RP Shifley, SR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM sshifley@fs.fed.us; theforester@comcast.net; dnowak@fs.fed.us; pmiles@fs.fed.us; bbutler01@fs.fed.us; aguilarf@missouri.edu; rdesantis@ucanr.edu; dgreenfield@fs.fed.us NR 110 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 36 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 914 EP 925 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-153 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700011 ER PT J AU Dey, DC AF Dey, Daniel C. TI Sustaining Oak Forests in Eastern North America: Regeneration and Recruitment, the Pillars of Sustainability SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE oak silviculture; sustainable forests; oak ecology; forest history; regeneration ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; RED OAK; QUERCUS-RUBRA; UNITED-STATES; HARDWOOD FORESTS; MIXED-OAK; CENTRAL APPALACHIANS; SOUTHERN INDIANA; CENTRAL ONTARIO; PHYTOPHTHORA-RAMORUM AB Oak cover types comprise half of the forestlands in the eastern United States. There is a great desire to sustain these highly valued forests. Unfortunately, reports of the successional replacement of oak are all too common, as they are throughout the world. Sustaining the oak resource requires the ability to both regenerate and recruit oak into the overstory as dominant mature trees. Too often these two critical processes are disconnected in oak management, thwarting the best of intentions to sustain oak. Restoring and sustaining oak forests require active management and long-term commitment. Climate change, high deer populations, invasive species, and social constraints can complicate oak management. Despite these challenges, we have sufficient knowledge to be successful in our efforts despite an uncertain future. Forest landscapes are too homogeneous today and may cause a bottleneck in oak regeneration as mature forests become old-growth. Management is needed to diversify the landscape and create a more balanced age structure that has the capacity to naturally regenerate oak. Landscape diversity is also desired to combat the myriad of forest threats and future uncertainty. Getting private landowners and public managers to manage for oak is key to changing landscapes and ensuring a quality oak resource. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Dey, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM ddey@fs.fed.us NR 198 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 5 U2 65 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 926 EP 942 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-114 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700012 ER PT J AU Luppold, W Bumgardner, M McConnell, TE AF Luppold, William Bumgardner, Matthew McConnell, T. Eric TI Impacts of Changing Hardwood Lumber Consumption and Price on Stumpage and Saw log Prices in Ohio SO FOREST SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE hardwood markets; roundwood; price trends; lumber; stumpage AB In the early 2000s, increasing US furniture imports preceded declining US hardwood lumber demand and price. In the summer of 2002, however, hardwood lumber prices started to increase as demand by construction industries increased. By the mid-2000s, hardwood lumber prices hit all-time highs. Lumber prices hit all-time highs for red oak (Quercus spp.), white oak, and cherry (Prunus serotina Ehrh.) in 2004, soft maple (Acer spp.) in 2005, and yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) and hard maple in 2006. The declines in construction that began in 2006 and reduced lumber exports after 2006 caused prices of all hardwood species to hit low points in 2008 or 2009. In this study, we examined changes in the demand and price for hardwood lumber and assessed how these changes corresponded with stumpage and sawlog prices in Ohio. Stumpage and sawlog prices declined in a manner to that of lumber prices from the mid to late 2000s but were less correlated with lumber from 2009 to 2012. These patterns appeared different from those in previous recession/recovery periods. In past recessions, stumpage prices were less sensitive to economic decline than lumber prices but highly correlated to increasing lumber prices in the recovery years. Saw log and lumber prices also were generally well correlated coming out of past recessions. C1 [Luppold, William; Bumgardner, Matthew] US Forest Serv, USDA, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [McConnell, T. Eric] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Luppold, W (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. EM wluppold@fs.fed.us; mbumgardner@fs.fed.us; ncconnell.213@osu.edu NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0015-749X EI 1938-3738 J9 FOREST SCI JI For. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 60 IS 5 BP 994 EP 999 DI 10.5849/forsci.13-706 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AP7QV UT WOS:000342272700019 ER PT J AU Mbole-Kariuki, MN Sonstegard, T Orth, A Thumbi, SM Bronsvoort, BMD Kiara, H Toye, P Conradie, I Jennings, A Coetzer, K Woolhouse, MEJ Hanotte, O Tapio, M AF Mbole-Kariuki, M. N. Sonstegard, T. Orth, A. Thumbi, S. M. Bronsvoort, B. M. de C. Kiara, H. Toye, P. Conradie, I. Jennings, A. Coetzer, K. Woolhouse, M. E. J. Hanotte, O. Tapio, M. TI Genome-wide analysis reveals the ancient and recent admixture history of East African Shorthorn Zebu from Western Kenya SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; BOS-TAURUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CATTLE BREEDS; ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS; TICK INFESTATIONS; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; HEAT TOLERANCE; F-STATISTICS AB The Kenyan East African zebu cattle are valuable and widely used genetic resources. Previous studies using microsatellite loci revealed the complex history of these populations with the presence of taurine and zebu genetic backgrounds. Here, we estimate at genome-wide level the genetic composition and population structure of the East African Shorthorn Zebu (EASZ) of western Kenya. A total of 548 EASZ from 20 sub-locations were genotyped using the Illumina BovineSNP50 v. 1 beadchip. STRUCTURE analysis reveals admixture with Asian zebu, African and European taurine cattle. The EASZ were separated into three categories: substantial (>= 12.5%), moderate (1.56% < X < 12.5%) and non-introgressed (<= 1.56%) according to the European taurine genetic proportion. The non-European taurine introgressed animals (n = 425) show an unfluctuating zebu and taurine ancestry of 0.84 +/- 0.009 s.d. and 0.16 +/- 0.009 s.d., respectively, with significant differences in African taurine (AT) and Asian zebu backgrounds across chromosomes (P < 0.0001). In contrast, no such differences are observed for the European taurine ancestry (P = 0.1357). Excluding European introgressed animals, low and nonsignificant genetic differentiation and isolation by distance are observed among sub-locations (F-st = 0.0033, P = 0.09; r = 0.155, P = 0.07). Following a short population expansion, a major reduction in effective population size (N-e) is observed from approximately 240 years ago to present time. Our results support ancient zebu xAT admixture in the EASZ population, subsequently shaped by selection and/or genetic drift, followed by a more recent exotic European cattle introgression. C1 [Mbole-Kariuki, M. N.; Hanotte, O.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Life Sci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Sonstegard, T.] USDA ARS, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Orth, A.; Kiara, H.; Toye, P.] Int Livestock Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Thumbi, S. M.; Woolhouse, M. E. J.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Immun Infect & Evolut, Ashworth Labs, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Bronsvoort, B. M. de C.; Jennings, A.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Conradie, I.; Coetzer, K.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Vet Trop Dis, ZA-0110 Onderstepoort, South Africa. [Tapio, M.] MTT, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland. RP Mbole-Kariuki, MN (reprint author), AU IBAR, Kenindia Business Pk Bldg,Westlands Rd,POB 30786, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. EM mary.mbole-kariuki@au-ibar.org; olivier.hanotte@nottingham.ac.uk OI Orth, Alan/0000-0002-1735-7458; Bronsvoort, Mark/0000-0002-3271-8485 FU Wellcome Trust [07995]; USDA Agricultural Research Service project [1265-31000-104-00D] FX We extend our sincere gratitude to the Wellcome Trust (grant reference 07995) for financially supporting this project. USDA ARS bovine functional laboratory and Geneseek veterinary diagnostics provided invaluable technical assistance through the genotyping of the samples. This project was also partially supported by USDA Agricultural Research Service project 1265-31000-104-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. We also thank Professor Steve Kemp (University of Liverpool and ILRI) for providing laboratory space and technical support through the help of Wasike Selieli, Moses Ogugo and John Wambugu. We also wish to acknowledge the grass root farmers of Western Kenya who participated fully and made this project a success. Last but not least, we thank the referees for their constructive comments and suggestions during the reviewing process. NR 75 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 14 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X EI 1365-2540 J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD OCT PY 2014 VL 113 IS 4 BP 297 EP 305 DI 10.1038/hdy.2014.31 PG 9 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ1TL UT WOS:000342564000003 PM 24736786 ER PT J AU Attanayake, RN Tennekoon, V Johnson, DA Porter, LD Del Rio-Mendoza, L Jiang, D Chen, W AF Attanayake, R. N. Tennekoon, V. Johnson, D. A. Porter, L. D. Del Rio-Mendoza, L. Jiang, D. Chen, W. TI Inferring outcrossing in the homothallic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum using linkage disequilibrium decay SO HEREDITY LA English DT Article ID REVEAL GENETIC-VARIATION; RECOMBINATION HOT-SPOTS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MULTILOCUS STRUCTURE; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; RANDOM ASSOCIATION; PLANT PATHOGEN; HUMAN GENOME; MARKERS AB The occurrence and frequency of outcrossing in homothallic fungal species in nature is an unresolved question. Here we report detection of frequent outcrossing in the homothallic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. In using multilocus linkage disequilibrium (LD) to infer recombination among microsatellite alleles, high mutation rates confound the estimates of recombination. To distinguish high mutation rates from recombination to infer outcrossing, 8 population samples comprising 268 S. sclerotiorum isolates from widely distributed agricultural fields were genotyped for 12 microsatellite markers, resulting in multiple polymorphic markers on three chromosomes. Each isolate was homokaryotic for the 12 loci. Pairwise LD was estimated using three methods: Fisher's exact test, index of association (I-A) and Hedrick's D'. For most of the populations, pairwise LD decayed with increasing physical distance between loci in two of the three chromosomes. Therefore, the observed recombination of alleles cannot be simply attributed to mutation alone. Different recombination rates in various DNA regions (recombination hot/ cold spots) and different evolutionary histories of the populations could explain the observed differences in rates of LD decay among the chromosomes and among populations. The majority of the isolates exhibited mycelial incompatibility, minimizing the possibility of heterokaryon formation and mitotic recombination. Thus, the observed high intrachromosomal recombination is due to meiotic recombination, suggesting frequent outcrossing in these populations, supporting the view that homothallism favors universal compatibility of gametes instead of traditionally believed haploid selfing in S. sclerotiorum. Frequent outcrossing facilitates emergence and spread of new traits such as fungicide resistance, increasing difficulties in managing Sclerotinia diseases. C1 [Attanayake, R. N.; Johnson, D. A.; Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Tennekoon, V.] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Econ, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Tennekoon, V.; Porter, L. D.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Del Rio-Mendoza, L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Jiang, D.] Huazhong Agr Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Wuhan, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Chen, W.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, W (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM w-chen@wsu.edu FU USDA National Sclerotinia Initiative FX We thank the editor and two anonymous referees for their insightful and constructive comments that improved an earlier version of this manuscript. We thank Drs Austin Burt (Imperial Collage, London), Michael G Milgroom (Cornell University, USA) and Tobin Peever (Washington State University, USA) for suggestions and frequent communications during the study. This work was supported in part by the USDA National Sclerotinia Initiative. NR 55 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 30 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0018-067X EI 1365-2540 J9 HEREDITY JI Heredity PD OCT PY 2014 VL 113 IS 4 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1038/hdy.2014.37 PG 11 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ1TL UT WOS:000342564000009 PM 24781807 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Lei, ZR He, KL Li, X Li, XC Xu, WW AF Ni, Xinzhi Lei, Zhongren He, Kanglai Li, Xin Li, Xianchun Xu, Wenwei TI Integrated pest management is the lucrative bridge connecting the ever emerging knowledge islands of genetics and ecology PREFACE SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESISTANCE; MAIZE C1 [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Lei, Zhongren; He, Kanglai] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Li, Xin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Xu, Wenwei] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 2747 Davis Rd,Bldg 1, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 537 EP 540 DI 10.1111/1744-7917.12151 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000001 PM 24963922 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Xu, WW Blanco, MH Williams, WP AF Ni, Xinzhi Xu, Wenwei Blanco, Michael H. Williams, W. Paul TI Evaluation of fall armyworm resistance in maize germplasm lines using visual leaf injury rating and predator survey SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE field screening; genotype x environment interactions; multiple insect resistance; predator abundance and diversity; whorl-feeding ID CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; EAR-COLONIZING INSECT; SPODOPTERA-FRUGIPERDA; DISEASE RESISTANCE; INBRED LINES; NOCTUIDAE; MAYSIN AB After examining ear-colonizing pest resistance, 20 maize lines from the USDA-ARS Germplasm Enhancement of Maize (GEM) Program were evaluated for whorl-feeding fall armywolln (FAW) (Spodoptera frugiperda) resistance using 4 maize inbred lines as the resistant and susceptible controls. Both FAW injury ratings at 7- and 14-d after infestation, and predator abundance and diversity at whorl stage (V6-V8) were recorded in 2009 and 2010. The survey of the diversity and abundance of predators in each experimental plot were conducted 7 d after the FAW infestation. Of the 20 germplasm lines examined, 3 of them (i.e., entries 9, 15, and 19 that were derived from tropical maize germplasm lines were originated from Uruguay, Cuba, and Thailand, respectively) were identified as the best FAW-resistant germplasm lines using the leaf injury ratings and predator survey data. In addition, the abundance and diversity of the predators were greater in 2010 than in 2009, which might have caused the low level of the FAW injury ratings on all lines examined in 2010. The 2-year data showed that the FAW injury ratings were negatively correlated to the predator abundance and diversity, which is also influence by genotype x environment interactions. The findings suggested that tropical germplasm is an important source of native resistance to the FAW and the corn earworm. At the same time, the maize genotype x environment interaction (e.g., predator attractiveness, and varying weather conditions) should be included in the multiple-year evaluations of insect and disease resistance of maize germplasm lines under field conditions. C1 [Ni, Xinzhi] Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Xu, Wenwei] Texas A&M Univ, Agr Res & Extens Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Blanco, Michael H.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Intro Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Williams, W. Paul] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 2747 Davis Rd,Bldg 1, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 541 EP 555 DI 10.1111/1744-7917.12093 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000002 PM 24318539 ER PT J AU Xu, LR Ni, XZ Wang, ZY He, KL AF Xu, Li-Rong Ni, Xinzhi Wang, Zhen-Ying He, Kang-Lai TI Effects of photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in Conogethes punctiferalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Conogethes punctiferalis; diapause induction; photoperiod; sensitive larval instar; temperature dependence; yellow peach moth ID CORN-BORER; MOTH; TERMINATION AB The yellow peach moth, Conogethes punctiferalis (Guenee), a multivoltine species that overwinters as diapausing larvae, is one of the most serious insect pests on maize in China. Effect of photoperiod and temperature on larval diapause was examined under empirical laboratory conditions. Short-day treatments caused larval diapause at 25 degrees C, and the critical photoperiod was between 12 and 13 h (or 12 h 51 min) light per day. No sensitive instar was identified for diapause induction under alternated short- (L : D 11: 13 h) and long-day (L : D 14: 10 h) treatments at different larval stages. However, accumulative treatment of three instars and 10 d under short-day treatment was required for the induction of 50% larval diapause. All larvae entered diapause at 20 degrees C, whereas less than 3% did so at 30 degrees C, irrespective of the long- or short-day treatment. Furthermore, under the short-day treatment, more than 90% of larvae went into diapause with temperatures <= 25 degrees C, but less than 17% did so at 28 degrees C. In contrast, under the long-day treatment, less than 19% of larvae went into diapause with temperatures >= 23 degrees C. The forward shift (5 degrees C) of critical temperature under the long-day regime demonstrated the compensatory effect of temperature and photoperiod on diapause induction. In conclusion, C. punctiferalis had a temperature-dependent type I photoperiodic diapause response; there was no sensitive instar for diapause determination, but the photoperiodic accumulation time countermeasures both of the short-day cycles and the number of instars exposed, and the photoperiodic diapause response, was a temperature-compensated phenomenon. C1 [Xu, Li-Rong; Wang, Zhen-Ying; He, Kang-Lai] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Ni, Xinzhi] Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. RP He, KL (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM klhe@ippcaas.cn FU National 973 Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China [2010CB951503]; Beijing Municipal Sci-Tech Program [Z1111000568-11009] FX The funding for this research was supported by National 973 Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China (2010CB951503) and Beijing Municipal Sci-Tech Program (Z1111000568-11009). NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 556 EP 563 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01543.x PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000003 PM 23956155 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Toews, MD Buntin, GD Carpenter, JE Huffaker, A Schmelz, EA Cottrell, TE Abdo, Z AF Ni, Xinzhi Toews, Michael D. Buntin, G. David Carpenter, James E. Huffaker, Alisa Schmelz, Eric A. Cottrell, Ted E. Abdo, Zaid TI Influence of brown stink bug feeding, planting date and sampling time on common smut infection of maize SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE common smut; Euschistus servus; planting date; Ustilago maydis ID USTILAGO-MAYDIS; SWEET CORN; HETEROPTERA-PENTATOMIDAE; INOCULATION METHODS; SILK MAYSIN; RESISTANCE; AFLATOXIN; QUALITY; HYBRIDS; IMPACT AB Phytopathogen infections are frequently influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors in a crop field. The effect of brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), feeding and planting date and sampling time on common smut (Ustilago maydis) infection percentage of maize plants was examined in 2005 and 2006, and 2010 and 2011, respectively. Brown stink bug adult feeding on maize hybrid "DKC6971" at flowering in 2005 and 2006 did not influence smut infection percentage when examined using 3 treatments (i.e., 0 adult, 5 adults, and 5 adults mixed with the smut spores). The smut infection percentages were <3% (n = 12) in the 3 treatments. The smut infection percentage among the 4 weekly samplings was the same, so was natural aflatoxin contamination at harvest among the treatments. The 2nd experiment showed that planting date did not affect the smut infection percentage in either 2010 or 2011. But, the smut infection percentage from the postflowering sampling was greater than preflowering sampling in both years. The smut infection percentage varied among the germplasm lines in 2010, but not in 2011. This study demonstrated that brown stink bug feeding at flowering had no effect on smut infection in maize, and the best time for smut evaluation would be after flowering. The temperature and precipitation might have also influenced the percentage of smut-infected maize plants during the 4 years when the experiments were conducted. The similarity between kernel-colonizing U. maydis and Aspergillus flavus infections and genotype x environment interaction were also discussed. C1 [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Toews, Michael D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Carpenter, James E.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Huffaker, Alisa; Schmelz, Eric A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Cottrell, Ted E.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Abdo, Zaid] USDA ARS, South Atlantic Off, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 2747 Davis Rd,Bldg 1, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov RI Abdo, Zaid/E-5176-2017; OI Abdo, Zaid/0000-0002-8272-7734; Schmelz, Eric/0000-0002-2837-734X FU Georgia Corn Commission FX The authors express their gratitude to the Georgia Corn Commission for the partial funding of these projects. We are also indebted to A. Amis, K. Da, G. Gunawan, J. C. Mullis, R. Caldwell, P. Tapp, and all summer student workers in the corn entomology laboratory during the field seasons of 2005, 2006, 2010, and 2011. We also greatly appreciate Xing Wei's assistance in the data entry. We are also very grateful for the constructive reviews of a previous version of this manuscript by Phillip Roberts and Rajagopalbabu Srinivasan (Department of Entomology, University of Georgia). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 564 EP 571 DI 10.1111/1744-7917.12149 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000004 PM 24963742 ER PT J AU Ni, XZ Wilson, JP Toews, MD Buntin, GD Lee, RD Li, X Lei, ZR He, KL Xu, WW Li, XC Huffaker, A Schmelz, EA AF Ni, Xinzhi Wilson, Jeffrey P. Toews, Michael D. Buntin, G. David Lee, R. Dewey Li, Xin Lei, Zhongren He, Kanglai Xu, Wenwei Li, Xianchun Huffaker, Alisa Schmelz, Eric A. TI Evaluation of spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin level in the pre-harvest corn fields to improve management tactics SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin level; corn earworm damage; maize weevil population; SADIE analysis; spatial pattern; spatio-temporal association; stink bug damage ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; EAR ROT; MAIZE; CONTAMINATION; RESISTANCE; INOCULATION; GENOTYPES AB Spatial and temporal patterns of insect damage in relation to aflatoxin contamination in a corn field with plants of uniform genetic background are not well understood. After previous examination of spatial patterns of insect damage and aflatoxin in pre-harvest corn fields, we further examined both spatial and temporal patterns of cob- and kernel-feeding insect damage, and aflatoxin level with two samplings at pre-harvest in 2008 and 2009. The feeding damage by each of the ear/kernel-feeding insects (i.e., corn earworm/fall armyworm damage on the silk/cob, and discoloration of corn kernels by stink bugs) and maize weevil population were assessed at each grid point with five ears. Sampling data showed a field edge effect in both insect damage and aflatoxin contamination in both years. Maize weevils tended toward an aggregated distribution more frequently than either corn earworm or stink bug damage in both years. The frequency of detecting aggregated distribution for aflatoxin level was less than any of the insect damage assessments. Stink bug damage and maize weevil number were more closely associated with aflatoxin level than was corn earworm damage. In addition, the indices of spatial temporal association (x) demonstrated that the number of maize weevils was associated between the first (4 weeks pre-harvest) and second (1 week pre-harvest) samplings in both years on all fields. In contrast, corn earworm damage between the first and second samplings from the field on the Belflower Farm, and aflatoxin level and corn earworm damage from the field on the Lang Farm were dissociated in 2009. C1 [Ni, Xinzhi; Wilson, Jeffrey P.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Toews, Michael D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Buntin, G. David] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA USA. [Lee, R. Dewey] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA USA. [Li, Xin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Lei, Zhongren; He, Kanglai] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Xu, Wenwei] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife, Lubbock, TX USA. [Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Huffaker, Alisa; Schmelz, Eric A.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Ni, XZ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 2747 Davis Rd,Bldg 1, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM xinzhi.ni@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 572 EP 583 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01531.x PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000005 PM 23956115 ER PT J AU Shirley, D Oppert, C Reynolds, TB Miracle, B Oppert, B Klingeman, WE Jurat-Fuentes, JL AF Shirley, Derek Oppert, Cris Reynolds, Todd B. Miracle, Bethany Oppert, Brenda Klingeman, William E. Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis TI Expression of an endoglucanase from Tribolium castaneum (TcEG1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biofuels; insect cellulase; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Tribolium castaneum; yeast ID APRIONA-GERMARI CELLULASE; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; BETA-GLUCOSIDASE; N-GLYCOSYLATION; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; AMORPHOUS CELLULOSE; LONGICORN BEETLE; IONIC LIQUIDS; CDNA CLONING; YEAST AB Insects are a largely unexploited resource in prospecting for novel cellulolytic enzymes to improve the production of ethanol fuel from lignocellulosic biomass. The cost of lignocellulosic ethanol production is expected to decrease by the combination of cellulose degradation (saccharification) and fermentation of the resulting glucose to ethanol in a single process, catalyzed by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae transformed to express efficient cellulases. While S. cerevisiae is an established heterologous expression system, there are no available data on the functional expression of insect cellulolytic enzymes for this species. To address this knowledge gap, S. cerevisiae was transformed to express the full-length cDNA encoding an endoglucanase from the red flour beetle, Tribolium costaneum (TcEG1), and evaluated the activity of the transgenic product (rTcEG1). Expression of the TcEG1 cDNA in S. cerevisiae was under control of the strong glyceraldehyde-3 phosphate dehydrogenase promoter. Cultured transformed yeast secreted rTcEG1 protein as a functional beta-1,4-endoglucanase, which allowed transformants to survive on selective media containing cellulose as the only available carbon source. Evaluation of substrate specificity for secreted rTcEG1 demonstrated endoglucanase activity, although some activity was also detected against complex cellulose substrates. Potentially relevant to uses in biofuel production rTcEG1 activity increased with pH conditions, with the highest activity detected at pH 12. Our results demonstrate the potential for functional production of an insect cellulase in S. cerevisiae and confirm the stability of rTcEG1 activity in strong alkaline environments. C1 [Shirley, Derek; Oppert, Cris; Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Reynolds, Todd B.; Miracle, Bethany] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Oppert, Brenda] ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Klingeman, William E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Plant Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Jurat-Fuentes, JL (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, 370 Plant Biotechnol Bldg,2505 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jurat@utk.edu OI Reynolds, Todd/0000-0002-2867-7182; Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis/0000-0002-8945-1814 FU South-eastern Sun Grant Center; U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the Biomass Program FX This research was supported by a grant from the South-eastern Sun Grant Center with funds provided by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of the Biomass Program. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 609 EP 618 DI 10.1111/1744-7917.12069 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000008 PM 24318365 ER PT J AU ul Haq, I Vreysen, MJB Teal, PEA Hendrichs, J AF ul Haq, Ihsan Vreysen, Marc J. B. Teal, P. E. A. Hendrichs, Jorge TI Methoprene application and diet protein supplementation to male melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae, modifies female remating behavior SO INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera cucurbitae; methoprene; protein rich diet; remating behavior; SIT; Tephritidae ID MEDITERRANEAN FRUIT-FLY; MALE ACCESSORY-GLAND; STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; COQUILLETT DIPTERA; JUVENILE-HORMONE; COPULATION DURATION; TEPHRITIDAE; FLIES; ERADICATION AB Methoprene (an analogue of juvenile hormone) application and feeding on a protein diet is known to enhance male melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae), mating success. In this study, we investigated the effect of these treatments on male B. cucurbitae's ability to inhibit female remating. While 14-d-old females were fed on protein diet, 6-d-old males were exposed to one of the following treatments: (i) topical application of methoprene and fed on a protein diet; (ii) no methoprene but fed on a protein diet; (iii) methoprene and sugar-fed only; and (iv) sugar-fed, 14-d-old males acted as controls. Treatments had no effect on a male's ability to depress the female remating receptivity in comparison to the control. Females mated with protein-deprived males showed higher remating receptivity than females first mated with protein-fed males. Methoprene and protein diet interaction had a positive effect on male mating success during the first and second mating of females. Significantly more females first mated with sugar-fed males remated with protein-fed males and females first mated with methoprene treated and protein-fed males were more likely to remate with similarly treated males. Females mating latency (time to start mating) was significantly shorter with protein-fed males, and mating duration was significantly longer with protein-fed males compared with protein-deprived males. These results are discussed in the context of methoprene and/or dietary protein as prerelease treatment of sterile males in area-wide control of melon fly integrating the sterile insect technique (SIT). C1 [ul Haq, Ihsan; Vreysen, Marc J. B.] FAO IAEA Agr & Biotechnol Labs, Insect Pest Control Lab, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. [ul Haq, Ihsan] Natl Agr Res Ctr, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan. [Teal, P. E. A.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. [Hendrichs, Jorge] IAEA, FAO IAEA Div, Insect Pest Control Sect, A-1040 Vienna, Austria. RP ul Haq, I (reprint author), FAO IAEA Agr & Biotechnol Labs, Insect Pest Control Lab, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. EM I.Haq@iaea.org OI , Ihsan/0000-0001-5879-7698 NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1672-9609 EI 1744-7917 J9 INSECT SCI JI Insect Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 637 EP 646 DI 10.1111/1744-7917.12073 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP9HX UT WOS:000342392000010 PM 24376160 ER PT J AU Sugui, JA Peterson, SW Figat, A Hansen, B Samson, RA Mellado, E Cuenca-Estrella, M Kwon-Chung, KJ AF Sugui, Janyce A. Peterson, Stephen W. Figat, Abigail Hansen, Bryan Samson, Robert A. Mellado, Emilia Cuenca-Estrella, Manuel Kwon-Chung, Kyung J. TI Genetic Relatedness versus Biological Compatibility between Aspergillus fumigatus and Related Species SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SECTION FUMIGATI; SP NOV.; GALLERIA-MELLONELLA; LENTULUS; VIRIDINUTANS; RECOGNITION; DIVERSITY; VIRULENCE; COMPLEX; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Aspergillus section Fumigati contains 12 clinically relevant species. Among these Aspergillus species, A. fumigatus is the most frequent agent of invasive aspergillosis, followed by A. lentulus and A. viridinutans. Genealogical concordance and mating experiments were performed to examine the relationship between phylogenetic distance and mating success in these three heterothallic species. Analyses of 19 isolates from section Fumigati revealed the presence of three previously unrecognized species within the broadly circumscribed species A. viridinutans. A single mating type was found in the new species Aspergillus pseudofelis and Aspergillus pseudoviridinutans, but in Aspergillus parafelis, both mating types were present. Reciprocal interspecific pairings of all species in the study showed that the only successful crosses occurred with the MAT1-2 isolates of both A. parafelis and A. pseudofelis. The MAT1-2 isolate of A. parafelis was fertile when paired with the MAT1-1 isolates of A. fumigatus, A. viridinutans, A. felis, A. pseudoviridinutans, and A. wyomingensis but was not fertile with the MAT1-1 isolate of A. lentulus. The MAT1-2 isolates of A. pseudofelis were fertile when paired with the MAT1-1 isolate of A. felis but not with any of the other species. The general infertility in the interspecies crossings suggests that genetically unrelated species are also biologically incompatible, with the MAT1-2 isolates of A. parafelis and A. pseudofelis being the exception. Our findings underscore the importance of genealogical concordance analysis for species circumscription, as well as for accurate species identification, since misidentification of morphologically similar pathogens with differences in innate drug resistance may be of grave consequences for disease management. C1 [Sugui, Janyce A.; Figat, Abigail; Kwon-Chung, Kyung J.] NIAID, Mol Microbiol Sect, Lab Clin Infect Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Peterson, Stephen W.] USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. [Hansen, Bryan] NIAID, Electron Microscopy Unit, Res Technol Branch, Rocky Mt Labs,NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. [Samson, Robert A.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Dept Appl & Ind Mycol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Mellado, Emilia; Cuenca-Estrella, Manuel] Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Nacl Microbiol, Madrid, Spain. RP Kwon-Chung, KJ (reprint author), NIAID, Mol Microbiol Sect, Lab Clin Infect Dis, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jkchung@niaid.nih.gov FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by the Intramural program of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health. NR 52 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 52 IS 10 BP 3707 EP 3721 DI 10.1128/JCM.01704-14 PG 15 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AP9AX UT WOS:000342371700026 PM 25100816 ER PT J AU Bautista, E Warrick, AW Strelkoff, TS AF Bautista, E. Warrick, A. W. Strelkoff, T. S. TI New Results for an Approximate Method for Calculating Two-Dimensional Furrow Infiltration SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Furrow irrigation; Infiltration; Simulation models; Porous media flow; Two-dimensional flow ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; IRRIGATION ADVANCE; SURFACE IRRIGATION; UNSATURATED SOILS; PONDED CONDITIONS; POROUS-MEDIA; EQUATION; WATER; MODEL; FLOW AB This study expands the analysis of a proposed furrow infiltration formulation based on an approximate solution to the two-dimensional Richards equation. The approach calculates two-dimensional infiltration flux as the sumof one-dimensional infiltration and a second term labeled the edge effect. The edge effect varies linearly with time when the applied water pressure is constant. It is a function of sorptivity, soil water content, and the empirical parameters gamma and W* that require calibration for the specific soil and furrow geometry. The primary objectives of the analysis were to better understand how furrow geometry affects the edge effect and the resulting empirical parameter values and to provide additional guidance for calibration. For a given flow depth, furrow geometry defines the wetted perimeter and the water pressure applied along that wetted perimeter. A subobjective was to evaluate the effect of the assumed soil water retention model on the calibration results. The results show that the range of variation of. depends on the pressure value used for one-dimensional infiltration and edge effect calculations. This range can be reduced by using the wetted-perimeter averaged flow depth, h(avg), instead of the centroid depth, h(c), as in the original formulation. The use of havg also eliminates the need to calibrate W*, which is simply equal to the furrow wetted. For the range of soils and geometry examined,. varied in the range of 0.6-1.0, but the range was narrower with soils described with Brooks-Corey soil hydraulic models than with soils described with the van Genuchten model (VG model). This is explained by the larger values of wetting front suction associated with water retention data fitted to the Brooks-Corey model. With careful calibration, the approximate infiltration model can produce results of high accuracy in relation to the Richards equation solution. Calibration is especially needed with heavier soils for which the contribution of the edge effect relative to total infiltration is substantial. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Bautista, E.; Strelkoff, T. S.] ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. [Warrick, A. W.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Bautista, E (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85138 USA. EM eduardo.bautista@ars.usda.gov; aww@cals.arizona.edu; theodor.strelkoff@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 10 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 EI 1943-4774 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN ENG JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD OCT PY 2014 VL 140 IS 10 AR UNSP 04014032 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000753 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA AP7AF UT WOS:000342229100004 ER PT J AU Minatel, IO Han, SI Aldini, G Colzani, M Matthan, NR Correa, CR Fecchio, D Yeum, KJ AF Minatel, Igor Otavio Han, Sang-Ik Aldini, Giancarlo Colzani, Mara Matthan, Nirupa R. Correa, Camila Renata Fecchio, Denise Yeum, Kyung-Jin TI Fat-Soluble Bioactive Components in Colored Rice Varieties SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL FOOD LA English DT Article DE lutein; tocopherol; LC-MS/MS; oryzanol; informatics; carotenoid ID ORYZA-SATIVA L.; GAMMA-ORYZANOL; BROWN RICE; BRAN OIL; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; TRITERPENE ALCOHOL; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ACID-COMPOSITION; BETA-CAROTENE AB Bioactive components in rice vary depending on the variety and growing condition. Fat-soluble components such as gamma-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, carotenoids, and fatty acids were analyzed in brown, sugary brown, red, and black rice varieties using established high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and GC methodologies. In addition, these colored rice varieties were further analyzed using a high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) (LTQ-Orbitrap XL) to identify the [M-H](-) ions of gamma-oryzanol, ranging from m/z 573.3949 to 617.4211. The highest content of tocopherols (alpha-, 1.5; gamma-, 0.5 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (lutein 244; trans-beta carotene 25 mu g/100 g) were observed in black rice; tocotrienols (alpha-, 0.07; gamma-, 0.14 mg/100 g) in red rice, and gamma-oryzanol (115 mg/100 g) in sugary brown rice. In all colored rice varieties, the major fatty acids were palmitic (16:0), oleic (18:1n-9), and linoleic (18:2n-6) acids. When the gamma-oryzanol components were further analyzed by LC-MS/MS, 3, 10, 8, and 8 triterpene alcohols or sterol ferulates were identified in brown, sugary brown, red, and black rice varieties, respectively. Such structural identification can lead to the elucidation of biological function of each component at the molecular level. Consumption of colored rice rich in beneficial bioactive compounds may be a useful dietary strategy for achieving optimal health. C1 [Minatel, Igor Otavio; Matthan, Nirupa R.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Minatel, Igor Otavio; Correa, Camila Renata; Fecchio, Denise] UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu Med Sch, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Han, Sang-Ik] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Inst Crop Sci, Miryang, South Korea. [Aldini, Giancarlo; Colzani, Mara] Univ Milan, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Milan, Italy. [Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Konkuk Univ, Div Food Biosci, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Chungju Si 380701, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea. RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Div Food Biosci, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Chungju Si 380701, Chungcheongbuk, South Korea. EM kyeum@kku.ac.kr RI Minatel, Igor Otavio/A-9094-2016; OI Minatel, Igor Otavio/0000-0002-9922-2871; aldini, giancarlo/0000-0002-2355-6744; Colzani, Mara/0000-0003-3395-2537 FU Rural Development Administration, Korea [PJ010059]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-7-707] FX This research has been supported, in part, by the Rural Development Administration (PJ010059), Korea, and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Agreement 58-1950-7-707. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Department of Agriculture nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 20 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1096-620X EI 1557-7600 J9 J MED FOOD JI J. Med. Food PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1134 EP 1141 DI 10.1089/jmf.2014.3146 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ1TE UT WOS:000342563300012 PM 25162990 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Gapstur, SM Gaudet, MM Peterson, JJ Dwyer, JT McCullough, ML AF Wang, Ying Gapstur, Susan M. Gaudet, Mia M. Peterson, Julia J. Dwyer, Johanna T. McCullough, Marjorie L. TI Evidence for an Association of Dietary Flavonoid Intake with Breast Cancer Risk by Estrogen Receptor Status Is Limited SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID GREEN TEA; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; CARCINOMA CELLS; POOLED ANALYSIS; ENERGY-INTAKE; LIFE-STYLE; PROANTHOCYANIDINS; PREVENTION; QUESTIONNAIRE AB Background: Results from preclinical studies suggest that flavonoids, which are ubiquitous in plant-based diets, lower breast cancer risk. Epidemiologic studies of flavonoid intake and breast cancer risk, however, are limited, and few investigated associations with the more aggressive estrogen receptor (ER) negative (ER) tumors. Objective: We examined the associations between 7 subclasses of dietary flavonoids and invasive postmenopausal breast cancer risk overall and by ER status in a U.S. prospective cohort. Methods: In 1999-2000, 56,630 postmenopausal women completed detailed self-administered questionnaires, among whom 2116 invasive breast cancers were verified during a mean follow-up period of 8.5 y. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% Cls. Results: Total flavonoid intake was not associated with breast cancer risk. However, there was a modest inverse association between flavone intake and overall breast cancer risk (fifth vs. first quintile HR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.76, 1.01; P-trend = 0.04) and between flavan-3-ol intake and risk of ER breast cancer (for an increment of 40 mg/d; HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.97) but not for ER-positive (ER+) breast cancer risk. Conclusion: The inverse association of flavan-3-ol intake with ER but not ER+ breast cancer is consistent with other studies that suggest a beneficial role of plant-based diets in ER breast cancer risk. C1 [Wang, Ying; Gapstur, Susan M.; Gaudet, Mia M.; McCullough, Marjorie L.] Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Peterson, Julia J.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Dwyer, Johanna T.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol Res Program, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ying.wang@cancer.org RI Wang, Ying/K-4705-2014 OI Wang, Ying/0000-0002-1241-6252 NR 54 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 144 IS 10 BP 1603 EP 1611 DI 10.3945/jn.114.196964 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AP8LG UT WOS:000342329900016 PM 25143370 ER PT J AU Knothe, G Steidley, KR AF Knothe, Gerhard Steidley, Kevin R. TI A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Density of Neat Fatty Acids and Esters SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Biodiesel; Density; Fatty acid ethyl esters; Fatty acid methyl esters; Triacyglycerols ID METHYL-ESTERS; KINEMATIC VISCOSITY; VEGETABLE-OILS; ETHYL-ESTERS; BIODIESEL DENSITIES; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; REFRACTIVE-INDEXES; TEMPERATURE-RANGE; BINARY-MIXTURES; SURFACE-TENSION AB Density is one of the most important physical properties of a chemical compound, affecting numerous applications. An application in the case of fatty acid esters (biodiesel) is that density is specified in some biodiesel standards. In the present work, the density of fatty acid methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl esters as well as triacylglycerols in the C-8-C-24 range was determined in the range of 15-40 A degrees C with a densitometer utilizing the oscillating U-tube technique. Literature data on density are compiled and compared, showing that data for these compounds are incomplete with discrepancies existing in some cases. Besides known effects such as density decreasing with increasing chain length and increasing saturation, it is shown that trans fatty compounds exhibit lower density than cis fatty compounds. Density data for several saturated odd-numbered, C-18, as well as C-20 and C-22 polyunsaturated fatty esters are reported for the first time. The density contribution of compounds with high melting points is predicted. An equation is given for the calculation of the density of mixtures. C1 [Knothe, Gerhard; Steidley, Kevin R.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N,Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X EI 1558-9331 J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 10 BP 1711 EP 1722 DI 10.1007/s11746-014-2519-x PG 12 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AP9RN UT WOS:000342417600007 ER PT J AU Hwang, HS Winkler-Moser, JK AF Hwang, Hong-Sik Winkler-Moser, Jill K. TI Food Additives Reducing Volatility of Antioxidants at Frying Temperature SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Antioxidant; Frying oil; Soybean oil; Oxidation; TBHQ; BHA; BHT; Volatility; Additives ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; SYNTHETIC ANTIOXIDANTS; PHENOLIC ANTIOXIDANTS; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; VEGETABLE-OILS; RISK-FACTORS; ACID ESTERS; SOYBEAN OIL; FAT; MIXTURES AB At frying temperature, antioxidants are lost not only by reaction with radicals formed by oil oxidation but also by decomposition and evaporation before they are able to exert antioxidant activity. In this study, it was hypothesized that an additive that can bind or interact with an antioxidant could reduce volatility of the antioxidant at frying temperature. Three synthetic antioxidants, tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), which have relatively high volatility, were used as antioxidants in this study to examine the hypothesis. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) experiments showed that all 22 additives tested in this study effectively reduced volatility of the antioxidants. An NMR study showed that signals of BHT shifted by addition of an additive, evidencing the interaction between the two substances in the chloroform solution. To examine the effect of these interactions on antioxidant activity, heating tests were conducted with soybean oil (SBO) containing 200 ppm antioxidants at 180 A degrees C. Oxidation was monitored with H-1 NMR for loss of olefinic protons and bisallylic protons in SBO and with gel permeation chromatography (GPC) for polymerized triacylglycerols (PTAG). Improved antioxidant activity of the antioxidants were observed when combined with several additives tested in this study, and HPLC analysis showed that the antioxidants were effectively reserved by the additives in SBO during the heating process. The concentrations of the antioxidants retained in SBO were relatively well correlated with the antioxidant activity. C1 [Hwang, Hong-Sik; Winkler-Moser, Jill K.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Hwang, HS (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Hongsik.hwang@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 28 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0003-021X EI 1558-9331 J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 10 BP 1745 EP 1761 DI 10.1007/s11746-014-2525-z PG 17 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AP9RN UT WOS:000342417600011 ER PT J AU Hodel, M Schutz, M Vandegehuchte, ML Frey, B Albrecht, M Busse, MD Risch, AC AF Hodel, Melanie Schuetz, Martin Vandegehuchte, Martijn L. Frey, Beat Albrecht, Matthias Busse, Matt D. Risch, Anita C. TI Does the Aboveground Herbivore Assemblage Influence Soil Bacterial Community Composition and Richness in Subalpine Grasslands? SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SWISS-NATIONAL-PARK; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; UPLAND GRASSLAND; RED DEER; IMPACT; ECOSYSTEMS; DYNAMICS; HISTORY; MINERALIZATION; DECOMPOSITION AB Grassland ecosystems support large communities of aboveground herbivores that are known to directly and indirectly affect belowground properties such as the microbial community composition, richness, or biomass. Even though multiple species of functionally different herbivores coexist in grassland ecosystems, most studies have only considered the impact of a single group, i.e., large ungulates (mostly domestic livestock) on microbial communities. Thus, we investigated how the exclusion of four groups of functionally different herbivores affects bacterial community composition, richness, and biomass in two vegetation types with different grazing histories. We progressively excluded large, medium, and small mammals as well as invertebrate herbivores using exclosures at 18 subalpine grassland sites (9 per vegetation type). We assessed the bacterial community composition using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) at each site and exclosure type during three consecutive growing seasons (2009-2011) for rhizosphere and mineral soil separately. In addition, we determined microbial biomass carbon (MBC), root biomass, plant carbon:nitrogen ratio, soil temperature, and soil moisture. Even though several of these variables were affected by herbivore exclusion and vegetation type, against our expectations, bacterial community composition, richness, or MBC were not. Yet, bacterial communities strongly differed between the three growing seasons as well as to some extent between our study sites. Thus, our study indicates that the spatiotemporal variability in soil microclimate has much stronger effects on the soil bacterial communities than the grazing regime or the composition of the vegetation in this high-elevation ecosystem. C1 [Hodel, Melanie; Schuetz, Martin; Vandegehuchte, Martijn L.; Frey, Beat; Albrecht, Matthias; Risch, Anita C.] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Hodel, Melanie] Bur Agr & Environm State Obwalden, Dept Environm, CH-6060 Sarnen, Switzerland. [Albrecht, Matthias] Agroscope, Inst Sustainabil Sci, CH-8046 Zurich, Switzerland. [Busse, Matt D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Risch, AC (reprint author), Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res WSL, Zuercherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM anita.risch@wsl.ch RI Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012 OI Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336 FU Swiss National Science Foundation, SNF [31003A_122009/1, 31003A_140939/1] FX We would like to thank numerous interns and volunteers for their help with fence construction, data collection and laboratory work. Our special thanks go to Bigna Stoffel, Vera Baptista, Anna Schweiger, and Annatina Zingg for sorting the roots. We are grateful to the Swiss National Park for administrative support of our research. This study was funded by the Swiss National Science Foundation, SNF grant-no 31003A_122009/1 and SNF grant-no 31003A_140939/1. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 70 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0095-3628 EI 1432-184X J9 MICROB ECOL JI Microb. Ecol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 584 EP 595 DI 10.1007/s00248-014-0435-0 PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology GA AP6RC UT WOS:000342204100015 PM 24889285 ER PT J AU Johnson, ET Dowd, PF AF Johnson, Eric T. Dowd, Patrick F. TI A non-autonomous insect piggyBac transposable element is mobile in tobacco SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Nicotiana tabacum; Transposition; PiggyBac ID BACULOVIRUS GENOME; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; SEQUENCES; EXCISION; DNA; TRANSFORMATION; TRANSPOSITION; EXPRESSION; IFP2 AB The piggyBac transposable element, originally isolated from a virus in an insect cell line, is a valuable molecular tool for transgenesis and mutagenesis of invertebrates. For heterologous transgenesis in a variety of mammals, transfer of the piggyBac transposable element from an ectopic plasmid only requires expression of piggyBac transposase. To determine if piggyBac could function in dicotyledonous plants, a two-element system was developed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) to test for transposable element excision and insertion. The first transgenic line constitutively expressed piggyBac transposase, while the second transgenic line contained at least two non-autonomous piggyBac transposable elements. Progeny from crosses of the two transgenic lines was analyzed for piggyBac excision and transposition. Several progeny displayed excision events, and all the sequenced excision sites exhibited evidence of the precise excision mechanism characteristic of piggyBac transposase. Two unique transposition insertion events were identified that each included diagnostic duplication of the target site. These data indicate that piggyBac transposase is active in a dicotyledonous plant, although at a low frequency. C1 [Johnson, Eric T.; Dowd, Patrick F.] USDA ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Johnson, ET (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM eric.johnson2@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229 FU CRIS from the USDA [3620-42000-040-00D] FX We thank Malcom Fraser for supplying the piggyBac transposable element and transposase. We are grateful to Keith Johnson and Stephen Hughes for comments on a draft manuscript. David Lee, Mark Doehring, and Kay Shopinski provided excellent technical assistance. This study was supported by CRIS Project 3620-42000-040-00D base funds from the USDA. The mention of firm names or trade products in this manuscript does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the USDA over other firms or similar products not mentioned. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 13 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 EI 1617-4623 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD OCT PY 2014 VL 289 IS 5 BP 895 EP 902 DI 10.1007/s00438-014-0860-2 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0CB UT WOS:000342448300015 PM 24858840 ER PT J AU Wang, XZ Jiang, GL Green, M Scott, RA Song, QJ Hyten, DL Cregan, PB AF Wang, Xianzhi Jiang, Guo-Liang Green, Marci Scott, Roy A. Song, Qijian Hyten, David L. Cregan, Perry B. TI Identification and validation of quantitative trait loci for seed yield, oil and protein contents in two recombinant inbred line populations of soybean SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Soybean; Yield; Oil; Protein; Quantitative trait loci (QTLs); Molecular breeding ID LINKAGE GROUP-I; ASSOCIATION ANALYSIS; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; GLYCINE-SOJA; QTL ANALYSIS; SSR MARKERS; GERMPLASM; RESISTANCE; ALLELES; ACID AB Soybean seeds contain high levels of oil and protein, and are the important sources of vegetable oil and plant protein for human consumption and livestock feed. Increased seed yield, oil and protein contents are the main objectives of soybean breeding. The objectives of this study were to identify and validate quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with seed yield, oil and protein contents in two recombinant inbred line populations, and to evaluate the consistency of QTLs across different environments, studies and genetic backgrounds. Both the mapping population (SD02-4-59 x A02-381100) and validation population (SD02-911 x SD00-1501) were phenotyped for the three traits in multiple environments. Genetic analysis indicated that oil and protein contents showed high heritabilities while yield exhibited a lower heritability in both populations. Based on a linkage map constructed previously with the mapping population and using composite interval mapping and/or interval mapping analysis, 12 QTLs for seed yield, 16 QTLs for oil content and 11 QTLs for protein content were consistently detected in multiple environments and/or the average data over all environments. Of the QTLs detected in the mapping population, five QTLs for seed yield, eight QTLs for oil content and five QTLs for protein content were confirmed in the validation population by single marker analysis in at least one environment and the average data and by ANOVA over all environments. Eight of these validated QTLs were newly identified. Compared with the other studies, seven QTLs for seed yield, eight QTLs for oil content and nine QTLs for protein content further verified the previously reported QTLs. These QTLs will be useful for breeding higher yield and better quality cultivars, and help effectively and efficiently improve yield potential and nutritional quality in soybean. C1 [Wang, Xianzhi; Jiang, Guo-Liang; Green, Marci] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Jiang, Guo-Liang] Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. [Scott, Roy A.] USDA ARS, GWCC BLTSVL, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Song, Qijian; Hyten, David L.; Cregan, Perry B.] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Jiang, GL (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, North Plains Biostress Lab Bldg,Box 2140C, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM guo-liang.jiang@sdstate.edu OI Hyten, David/0000-0001-6324-9389 FU USDA-NIFA/CSREES Hatch project; USB Seed Composition Research project via USDA/ARS; South Dakota Soybean Research & Promotion Council project FX This research was supported in part by the USDA-NIFA/CSREES Hatch project, the USB Seed Composition Research project via USDA/ARS, and the South Dakota Soybean Research & Promotion Council project. Genotyping of three GmFAD3 genes was performed by Dr. Kristin Bilyeu's lab, USDA/ARS in Columbia, MO. Jiaoping Zhang, Siddhi Bhusal and Nicholas Hall assisted in field experiments and seed composition analysis. The parental line A02-381100 was provided by Dr. Walter Fehr, Iowa State University. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 34 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1617-4615 EI 1617-4623 J9 MOL GENET GENOMICS JI Mol. Genet. Genomics PD OCT PY 2014 VL 289 IS 5 BP 935 EP 949 DI 10.1007/s00438-014-0865-x PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0CB UT WOS:000342448300018 PM 24861102 ER PT J AU Correa, CR Chen, CYO Aldini, G Rasmussen, H Ronchi, CF Berchieri-Ronchi, C Cho, SM Blumberg, JB Yeum, KJ AF Correa, Camila R. Chen, C-Y. Oliver Aldini, Giancarlo Rasmussen, Helen Ronchi, Carlos F. Berchieri-Ronchi, Carolina Cho, Soo-Muk Blumberg, Jeffrey B. Yeum, Kyung-Jin TI Bioavailability of plant pigment phytochemicals in Angelica keiskei in older adults: A pilot absorption kinetic study SO NUTRITION RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Angelica keiskei; quercetin; lutein; absorption kinetic; total antioxidant performance ID METABOLIC SYNDROME; CHEMICAL-COMPONENTS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BETA-CAROTENE; ANTIOXIDANT NUTRIENTS; DNA-DAMAGE; XANTHOANGELOL; HUMANS; BIOEFFICACY; CHALCONES AB BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Angelica keiskei is a green leafy vegetable rich in plant pigment phytochemicals such as flavonoids and carotenoids. This study examined bioavailability of flavonoids and carotenoids in Angelica keiskei and the alteration of the antioxidant performance in vivo. SUBJECTS AND MATERIALS: Absorption kinetics of phytochemicals in Angelica keiskei were determined in healthy older adults (>60 y, n = 5) and subjects with metabolic syndrome (n = 5). Subjects consumed 5 g dry Angelica keiskei powder encapsulated in gelatin capsules with a low flavonoid and carotenoid liquid meal. Plasma samples were collected at baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 h. Samples were analyzed for flavonoids and carotenoids using HPLC systems with electrochemical and UV detection, respectively, and for total antioxidant performance by fluorometry. RESULTS: After ingestion of Angelica keiskei increases in plasma quercetin concentrations were observed at 1-3 and 6-8 hr in the healthy group and at all time points in the metabolic syndrome group compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Plasma lutein concentrations were significantly elevated in both the healthy and metabolic syndrome groups at 8 hr (P < 0.05). Significant increases in total antioxidant performance were also observed in both the healthy and the metabolic syndrome groups compared to baseline (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this study clearly demonstrate the bioavailability of phytonutrients of Angelica keiskei and their ability to increase antioxidant status in humans. C1 [Correa, Camila R.; Chen, C-Y. Oliver; Rasmussen, Helen; Ronchi, Carlos F.; Berchieri-Ronchi, Carolina; Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Correa, Camila R.; Ronchi, Carlos F.; Berchieri-Ronchi, Carolina] Sao Paulo State Univ UNESP, Botucatu Med Sch, Dept Internal Med, BR-18618970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Aldini, Giancarlo] Univ Milan, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Cho, Soo-Muk] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Suwon 441853, South Korea. [Yeum, Kyung-Jin] Konkuk Univ, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Chungju Si 380701, South Korea. RP Yeum, KJ (reprint author), Konkuk Univ, Coll Biomed & Hlth Sci, Chungju Si 380701, South Korea. EM kyeum@kku.ac.kr OI aldini, giancarlo/0000-0002-2355-6744 FU BioGreen 21 Program, Rural Development Administration, Korea [20070301034009]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [1950-51000-065-08S] FX This research has been supported in part by the BioGreen 21 Program (Code #20070301034009), Rural Development Administration, Korea and U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement number 1950-51000-065-08S. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU KOREAN NUTRITION SOC PI SEOUL PA 804 KST CTR, 635-4 YEOGSAM-SONG KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL, 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1976-1457 EI 2005-6168 J9 NUTR RES PRACT JI Nutr. Res. Pract. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 8 IS 5 BP 550 EP 557 DI 10.4162/nrp.2014.8.5.550 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ1FG UT WOS:000342526700011 PM 25324936 ER PT J AU Porter, CH Jones, JW Adiku, S Gijsman, AJ Gargiulo, O Naab, JB AF Porter, Cheryl H. Jones, J. W. Adiku, S. Gijsman, A. J. Gargiulo, O. Naab, J. B. TI Modeling organic carbon and carbon-mediated soil processes in DSSAT v4.5 (vol 10, pg 247, 2010) SO OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 [Porter, Cheryl H.; Jones, J. W.; Gijsman, A. J.; Gargiulo, O.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Adiku, S.] USDA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Naab, J. B.] Savannah Agr Res Inst, Wa, Ghana. RP Porter, CH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, 103 Frazier Rogers Hall,POB 110570, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cporter@ufl.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1109-2858 EI 1866-1505 J9 OPER RES-GER JI Oper. Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 471 EP 471 DI 10.1007/s12351-014-0143-z PG 1 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA AP9TW UT WOS:000342424000008 ER PT J AU Parke, JL Knaus, BJ Fieland, VJ Lewis, C Grunwald, NJ AF Parke, Jennifer L. Knaus, Brian J. Fieland, Valerie J. Lewis, Carrie Gruenwald, Niklaus J. TI Phytophthora Community Structure Analyses in Oregon Nurseries Inform Systems Approaches to Disease Management SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hazard analysis ID SP-NOV; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; WOODY ORNAMENTALS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; RAMORUM; PLANTS; DEATH; SPP.; PATHOGENS AB Nursery plants are important vectors for plant pathogens. Understanding what pathogens occur in nurseries in different production stages can be useful to the development of integrated systems approaches. Four horticultural nurseries in Oregon were sampled every 2 months for 4 years to determine the identity and community structure of Phytophthora spp. associated with different sources and stages in the nursery production cycle. Plants, potting media, used containers, water, greenhouse soil, and container yard substrates were systematically sampled from propagation to the field. From 674 Phytophthora isolates recovered, 28 different species or taxa were identified. The most commonly isolated species from plants were Phytophthora plurivora (33%), P cinnamomi (26%), P syringae (19%), and P. citrophthora (11%). From soil and gravel substrates, P. plurivora accounted for 25% of the isolates, with P taxon Pgchlamydo, P ctyptogea, and P cinnanzomi accounting for 18, 17, and 15%, respectively. Five species (P. plurivora, P syringae, P. taxon Pgchlamydo, P gonapodyides, and P cryptogea) were found in all nurseries. The greatest diversity of taxa occurred in irrigation water reservoirs (20 taxa), with the majority of isolates belonging to internal transcribed spacer clade 6, typically including aquatic opportunists. Nurseries differed in composition of Phytophthora communities across years, seasons, and source within the nursery. These findings suggest likely contamination hazards and target critical control points for management of Phytophthora disease using a systems approach. C1 [Parke, Jennifer L.; Lewis, Carrie] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Parke, Jennifer L.; Fieland, Valerie J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Parke, JL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Jennifer.Parke@oregonstate.edu RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; Nature Conservancy; USDA Agricultural Research Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative FX This research was supported by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station, The Nature Conservancy, and the USDA Agricultural Research Floriculture and Nursery Research Initiative. We thank the four anonymous nurseries for their excellent cooperation during the course of this study. NR 57 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 104 IS 10 BP 1052 EP 1062 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-01-14-0014-R PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ0NZ UT WOS:000342481300005 PM 24702667 ER PT J AU Dinh, PTY Brown, CR Elling, AA AF Dinh, Phuong T. Y. Brown, Charles R. Elling, Axel A. TI RNA Interference of Effector Gene Mc16D10L Confers Resistance Against Meloidogyne chitwoodi in Arabidopsis and Potato SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; PLANT-PARASITIC NEMATODES; ESOPHAGEAL GLAND-CELLS; CULTIVATED POTATO; BREEDING LINES; INTROGRESSED RESISTANCE; SOLANUM-BULBOCASTANUM; M-FALLAX; COLUMBIA; HOST AB Meloidogyne chitwoodi, a quarantine pathogen, is a significant problem in potato-producing areas worldwide. In spite of considerable genetic diversity in wild potato species, no commercial potato cultivars with resistance to M. chitwoodi are available. Nematode effector genes are essential for the molecular interactions between root-knot nematodes and their hosts. Stable transgenic lines of Arabidopsis and potato (Solanum tuberosum) with resistance against M. chitwoodi were developed. RNA interference (RNAi) construct pART27(16D10i-2) was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana and potato to express double- stranded RNA complementary to the putative M. chitwoodi effector gene Mc16D10L. Plant-mediated RNAi led to a significant level of resistance against M. chitwoodi in Arabidopsis and potato. In transgenic Arabidopsis lines, the number of M. chitwoodi egg masses and eggs was reduced by up to 57 and 67% compared with empty vector controls, respectively. Similarly, in stable transgenic lines of potato, the number of M. chitwoodi egg masses and eggs was reduced by up to 71 and 63% compared with empty vector controls, respectively. The relative transcript level of Mc16D10L was reduced by up to 76% in M chitwoodi eggs and infective second-stage juveniles that developed on transgenic pART27(16D10i-2) potato, suggesting that the RNAi effect is systemic and heritable in M. chitwoodi. C1 [Dinh, Phuong T. Y.; Elling, Axel A.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Brown, Charles R.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Elling, AA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM elling@wsu.edu FU USDA; Washington State Department of Agriculture; Washington State Potato Commission; Idaho Potato Commission; Washington Grain Commission; Hatch Project [WNP00744] FX We thank R. Hussey and E. Davis for the gift of pART27(16D10i-2) and CSIRO, Australia for providing the vectors pHANNIBAL and pART27. We thank J. Cardenas for excellent technical assistance. This work was funded by grants from the USDA, Washington State Department of Agriculture, Washington State Potato Commission, Idaho Potato Commission, and Washington Grain Commission to A. A. El ling. PPNS No. 0638, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Hatch Project No. WNP00744, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430. NR 74 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 40 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 104 IS 10 BP 1098 EP 1106 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-03-14-0063-R PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ0NZ UT WOS:000342481300010 PM 24835223 ER PT J AU Dunn, AR Bruening, SR Grunwald, NJ Smart, CD AF Dunn, Amara R. Bruening, Stephen R. Gruenwald, Niklaus J. Smart, Christine D. TI Evolution of an Experimental Population of Phytophthora capsici in the Field SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURFACE IRRIGATION WATER; GENOTYPIC DIVERSITY; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SEXUAL PROGENY; INFESTANS; OOMYCETE; SURVIVAL; MARKERS; SOIL; RESISTANCE AB Populations of the vegetable pathogen Phytophthora capsici are often highly diverse, with limited gene flow between fields. To investigate the structure of a newly established, experimental population, an uninfested research field was inoculated with two single-zoospore isolates of P capsici in September 2008. From 2009 through 2012, approximate to 50 isolates of P. capsici were collected from the field each year and genotyped using five microsatellite loci. The same two isolates were also crossed in the lab. High levels of diversity were detected in the research field, with 26 to 37 unique multilocus genotypes detected each year. Through 2012, genotypic diversity did not decline and no evidence of genetic drift was observed. However, during the 2011 and 2012 growing seasons, four new alleles not present in either parental isolate were observed in the field. Selfing (but not apomixis) was observed at low frequency among in vitro progeny. In addition, evidence for loss of heterozygosity was observed in half of the in vitro progeny. These results suggest that recombination, mutation, and loss of heterozygosity can affect the genetic structure observed in P. capsici populations. C1 [Dunn, Amara R.; Bruening, Stephen R.; Smart, Christine D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14853 USA. [Bruening, Stephen R.] Hobart & William Smith Coll, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. [Gruenwald, Niklaus J.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Smart, CD (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Geneva, NY 14853 USA. EM cds14@cornell.edu RI Grunwald, Niklaus/K-6041-2013 OI Grunwald, Niklaus/0000-0003-1656-7602 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2012-67011-19690]; New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets through an NY Specialty Crops Block Grant; Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences; Storkan-Hanes-McCaslin Foundation FX This project was supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant Number 2012-67011-19690 from the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture and by the New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets through an NY Specialty Crops Block Grant. Support for A. R. Dunn was also provided by a fellowship from Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and by an award from the Storkan-Hanes-McCaslin Foundation. We thank H. W. Lange, S. Reiners, B. Nesin, M. Day, E. Wyckoff, and E. Call for technical assistance. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 104 IS 10 BP 1107 EP 1117 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-12-13-0346-R PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ0NZ UT WOS:000342481300011 PM 24702666 ER PT J AU Stobbe, AH Schneider, WL Hoyt, PR Melcher, U AF Stobbe, A. H. Schneider, W. L. Hoyt, P. R. Melcher, U. TI Screening Metagenomic Data for Viruses Using the E-Probe Diagnostic Nucleic Acid Assay SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLUM-POX-VIRUS; SEQUENCING DATA; EVOLUTION; PATHOGENS; DISEASE; STRAIN; RNA AB Next generation sequencing (NGS) is not used commonly in diagnostics, in part due to the large amount of time and computational power needed to identify the taxonomic origin of each sequence in a NGS data set. By using the unassembled NGS data sets as the target for searches, pathogen-specific sequences, termed e-probes, could be used as queries to enable detection of specific viruses or organisms in plant sample metagenomes. This method, designated e-probe diagnostic nucleic acid assay, first tested with mock sequence databases, was tested with NGS data sets generated from plants infected with a DNA (Bean golden yellow mosaic virus, BGYMV) or an RNA (Plum pox virus, PPV) virus. In addition, the ability to detect and differentiate among strains of a single virus species, PPV, was examined by using probe sets that were specific to strains. The use of probe sets for multiple viruses determined that one sample was dually infected with BGYMV and Bean golden mosaic virus. C1 [Stobbe, A. H.; Hoyt, P. R.; Melcher, U.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Schneider, W. L.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Melcher, U (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM u-melcher-4@alumni.uchicago.edu FU USDA-CSREES Plant Biosecurity Program [2010-85605-20542]; National Science Foundation [OCI-1126330]; Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station FX This study was funded by the USDA-CSREES Plant Biosecurity Program (grant number 2010-85605-20542) and additionally supported through instrumentation funded by the National Science Foundation (grant number OCI-1126330) and the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station. H. Hwang and the Bioinformatics Core Facility are acknowledged for providing exceptional consistency and skill while preparing libraries and performing pyrosequencing. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X EI 1943-7684 J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 104 IS 10 BP 1125 EP 1129 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-11-13-0310-R PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ0NZ UT WOS:000342481300013 PM 25207481 ER PT J AU Sheng, HY See, DR Murray, TD AF Sheng, Hongyan See, Deven R. Murray, Timothy D. TI Mapping resistance genes for Oculimacula acuformis in Aegilops longissima SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID EYESPOT PSEUDOCERCOSPORELLA-HERPOTRICHOIDES; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; WINTER-WHEAT; CERCOSPORELLA HERPOTRICHOIDES; DISEASE RESISTANCE; DASYPYRUM-VILLOSUM; BREAD WHEAT; YALLUNDAE; PCH2 AB This study identified three QTL conferring resistance to Oculimacula acuformis in Aegilops longissima and their associated markers, which can be useful in marker-assisted selection breeding for eyespot resistance. Oculimacula acuformis is one of two species of soilborne fungi that cause eyespot of wheat, the other being Oculimacula yallundae. Both pathogens can coexist in the same field and produce elliptical lesions on stem bases of wheat that are indistinguishable. Pch1 and Pch2 are the only two eyespot resistance genes readily available to wheat breeders, but neither provides complete control. A new source of eyespot resistance was identified from Aegilops longissima (2n = 14, (SSl)-S-l), a wild relative of wheat. Three QTL for resistance to O. acuformis were mapped in chromosomes 1S(l), 3S(l), and 5S(l) using a recombinant inbred line population developed from the cross Ae. longissima accessions PI 542196 (R) x PI 330486 (S). The three QTL explained 66 % of phenotypic variation by beta-glucuronidase score (GUS) and 84 % by visual rating. These QTL had LOD values of 10.6, 8.8, and 6.0 for GUS score, and 16.0, 10.0, and 13.0 for visual rating. QTL associated with resistance to O. acuformis have similar chromosomal locations as some for resistance to O. yallundae, except that a QTL for resistance to O. yallundae was found in chromosome 7S(l) but not for O. acuformis. Thus, it appears that some genes at the same locus in Ae. longissima may control resistance to both eyespot pathogens. QTL effective against both pathogens will be most useful for breeding programs and have potential to improve the effectiveness and genetic diversity of eyespot resistance. C1 [Sheng, Hongyan; See, Deven R.; Murray, Timothy D.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [See, Deven R.] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Murray, TD (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM tim.murray@wsu.edu FU Hatch Project [WNP00670]; Washington Grain Alliance FX PPNS # 0642, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Hatch Project No. WNP00670, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA. We thank the Washington Grain Alliance for financial support of this research, the USDA National Small Grains Collection for providing seeds of Ae. longissima, and the USDA-ARS Regional Small Grains Genotyping Laboratory at Pullman, WA for assistance with marker analysis. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 127 IS 10 BP 2085 EP 2093 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2361-4 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0TB UT WOS:000342494500002 PM 25112205 ER PT J AU Lambel, S Lanini, B Vivoda, E Fauve, J Wechter, WP Harris-Shultz, KR Massey, L Levi, A AF Lambel, Shaunese Lanini, Brenda Vivoda, Elisabetta Fauve, Julie Wechter, W. Patrick Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Massey, Laura Levi, Amnon TI A major QTL associated with Fusarium oxysporum race 1 resistance identified in genetic populations derived from closely related watermelon lines using selective genotyping and genotyping-by-sequencing for SNP discovery SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP NIVEUM; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CITRULLUS-LANATUS; UNITED-STATES; LINKAGE MAPS; WILT; DISEASE; MARKER; ACCESSIONS; DIVERSITY AB A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for Fusarium oxysporum Fr. f. sp. niveum race 1 resistance was identified by employing a "selective genotyping" approach together with genotyping-by-sequencing technology to identify QTLs and single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with the resistance among closely related watermelon genotypes. Fusarium wilt is a major disease of watermelon caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum Schlechtend.:Fr. f. sp. niveum (E.F. Sm.) W.C. Snyder & H.N. Hans (Fon). In this study, a genetic population of 168 F-3 families (24 plants in each family) exhibited continuous distribution for Fon race 1 response. Using a "selective genotyping" approach, DNA was isolated from 91 F-2 plants whose F-3 progeny exhibited the highest resistance (30 F-2 plants) versus highest susceptibility (32 F-2 plants), or moderate resistance to Fon race 1 (29 F-2 plants). Genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) technology was used on these 91 selected F-2 samples to produce 266 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, representing the 11 chromosomes of watermelon. A major quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with resistance to Fon race 1 was identified with a peak logarithm of odds (LOD) of 33.31 and 1-LOD confidence interval from 2.3 to 8.4 cM on chromosome 1 of the watermelon genetic map. This QTL was designated "Fo-1.1" and is positioned in a genomic region where several putative pathogenesis-related or putative disease-resistant gene sequences were identified. Additional independent, but minor QTLs were identified on chromosome 1 (LOD 4.16), chromosome 3 (LOD 4.36), chromosome 4 (LOD 4.52), chromosome 9 (LOD 6.8), and chromosome 10 (LOD 5.03 and 4.26). Following the identification of a major QTL for resistance using the "selective genotyping" approach, all 168 plants of the F (2) population were genotyped using the SNP nearest the peak LOD, confirming the association of this SNP marker with Fon race 1 resistance. The results in this study should be useful for further elucidating the mechanism of resistance to Fusarium wilt and in the development of molecular markers for use in breeding programs of watermelon. C1 [Lambel, Shaunese; Lanini, Brenda; Vivoda, Elisabetta; Fauve, Julie] HM CLAUSE Seed Co, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Wechter, W. Patrick; Massey, Laura; Levi, Amnon] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM amnonlevi@live.com NR 40 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 5 U2 64 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 127 IS 10 BP 2105 EP 2115 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2363-2 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0TB UT WOS:000342494500004 PM 25104326 ER PT J AU Thyssen, GN Fang, DD Turley, RB Florane, C Li, P Naoumkina, M AF Thyssen, Gregory N. Fang, David D. Turley, Rickie B. Florane, Christopher Li, Ping Naoumkina, Marina TI Next generation genetic mapping of the Ligon-lintless-2 (Li (2)) locus in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FIBER DEVELOPMENT; REACTIVE OXYGEN; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; ELONGATION; MUTATIONS; ARABIDOPSIS; POPULATIONS; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE AB Mapping-by-sequencing and novel subgenome-specific SNP markers were used to fine map the Ligon-lintless 2 ( Li (2) ) short-fiber gene in tetraploid cotton. These methodologies will accelerate gene identification in polyploid species. Next generation sequencing offers new ways to identify the genetic mechanisms that underlie mutant phenotypes. The release of a reference diploid Gossypium raimondii (D-5) genome and bioinformatics tools to sort tetraploid reads into subgenomes has brought cotton genetic mapping into the genomics era. We used multiple high-throughput sequencing approaches to identify the relevant region of reference sequence and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) near the short-fiber mutant Ligon-lintless 2 (Li (2)) gene locus. First, we performed RNAseq on 8-day post-anthesis (DPA) fiber cells from the Li (2) mutant and its wild type near isogenic line (NIL) Gossypium hirsutum cv. DP5690. We aligned sequence reads to the D-5 genome, sorted the reads into A and D subgenomes with PolyCat and called SNPs with InterSNP. We then identified SNPs that would result in non-synonymous substitutions to amino acid sequences of annotated genes. This step allowed us to identify a 1-Mb region with 24 non-synonymous SNPs, representing the introgressed region that differentiates Li (2) from its NIL. Next, we sequenced total DNA from pools of F-2 plants, using a super bulked segregant analysis sequencing (sBSAseq) approach. The sBSAseq predicted 82 non-synonymous SNPs among 3,494 SNPs in a 3-Mb region that includes the region identified by RNAseq. We designed subgenome-specific SNP markers and tested them in an F-2 population of 1,733 individuals to construct a genetic map. Our resulting genetic interval contains only one gene, an aquaporin, which is highly expressed in wild-type fibers and is significantly under-expressed in elongating Li (2) fiber cells. C1 [Thyssen, Gregory N.; Fang, David D.; Florane, Christopher; Li, Ping; Naoumkina, Marina] USDA ARS SRRC, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Fang, David D.; Turley, Rickie B.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Naoumkina, M (reprint author), USDA ARS SRRC, Cotton Fiber Biosci Res Unit, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM marina.naoumkina@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [6435-21000-0017D]; Cotton Incorporated project [12-210] FX This project was financially supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS project # 6435-21000-0017D and Cotton Incorporated project # 12-210. We greatly appreciate the contributions of Dr. Xianliang Song in our group. We also appreciate Mrs. Sheron Simpson and Dr. Brian Scheffler at the Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, USDA-ARS at Stoneville, MS, for their support in SSR marker analysis. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture that is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 43 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 127 IS 10 BP 2183 EP 2192 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2372-1 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0TB UT WOS:000342494500011 PM 25119870 ER PT J AU Cheng, P Xu, LS Wang, MN See, DR Chen, XM AF Cheng, P. Xu, L. S. Wang, M. N. See, D. R. Chen, X. M. TI Molecular mapping of genes Yr64 and Yr65 for stripe rust resistance in hexaploid derivatives of durum wheat accessions PI 331260 and PI 480016 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ADULT-PLANT RESISTANCE; F-SP TRITICI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; TURGIDUM SSP DICOCCOIDES; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; WINTER-WHEAT; COMMON WHEAT AB This manuscript reports two new genes ( Yr64 and Yr65 ) for effective resistance to stripe rust and usefulness of their flanking SSR markers for marker-assisted selection. Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most important diseases of wheat worldwide and resistance is the best control strategy. Durum wheat accessions PI 331260 and PI 480016 were resistant to all tested Pst races. To transfer the resistance genes to common wheat and map them to wheat chromosomes, both accessions were crossed with the stripe rust-susceptible spring wheat 'Avocet S'. Resistant F-3 plants with 42 chromosomes were selected cytologically and by rust phenotype. A single dominant gene for resistance was identified in segregating F-4 lines from each cross. F-6 populations for each cross were developed from single F-5 plants and used for genetic mapping. Different genes from PI 331260 and PI 480016 were mapped to different loci in chromosome 1BS using simple sequence repeat markers. The gene from PI 331260 was flanked by Xgwm413 and Xgdm33 in bin 1BS9-0.84-1.06 at genetic distances of 3.5 and 2.0 cM; and the gene from PI 480016 was flanked by Xgwm18 and Xgwm11 in chromosome bin C-1BS10-0.50 at 1.2 and 2.1 cM, respectively. Chromosomal locations and race and allelism tests indicated that the two genes are different from previously reported stripe rust resistance genes, and therefore are named as Yr64 from PI 331260 and Yr65 from PI 480016. These genes and their flanking markers, and selected common wheat lines with the genes should be valuable for diversifying resistance genes used in breeding wheat cultivars with stripe rust resistance. C1 [Cheng, P.; Xu, L. S.; Wang, M. N.; See, D. R.; Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [See, D. R.; Chen, X. M.] ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, XM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM xianming@wsu.edu RI WANG, Meinan/P-5671-2014 OI WANG, Meinan/0000-0001-9595-3995 FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5348-22000-015-00D]; Washington Wheat Commission [13C-3061-5665]; Vogel Foundation [13Z-3061-6665]; Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project [0653, WNP00663] FX This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (Project No. 5348-22000-015-00D), Washington Wheat Commission (Project No. 13C-3061-5665), and Vogel Foundation (Project No. 13Z-3061-6665). PPNS No. 0653, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, HATCH Project Number WNP00663, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430, USA. We are grateful to Dr. A. M. Wan for technical assistance. We also thank Drs. S. Hulbert, T. Peever, and K. Gill for their review of an early version of the manuscript, Dr. Robert McIntosh for critical review of later version of the manuscript and approval of the permanent gene names, and Dr. Peter Nyori for review of the manuscript. NR 59 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 127 IS 10 BP 2267 EP 2277 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2378-8 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0TB UT WOS:000342494500017 PM 25142874 ER PT J AU Small, CJ Chamberlain, JL Nuckols, CM AF Small, Christine J. Chamberlain, James L. Nuckols, Christopher M. TI Failure of black cohosh (Actaea racemosa L.) rhizome transplants: potential causes and forest farming implications SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Deciduous forest herbs; Forest farming; Fungal root rot; Medicinal plant cultivation; Non-timber forest products ID AMERICAN GINSENG; HERBS; GOLDENSEAL; RECOVERY; ESTABLISHMENT; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; PRODUCTS; GRADIENT; MOISTURE AB Black cohosh (Actaea racemosa L.) rhizomes are harvested extensively from eastern North American forests and sold worldwide for treatment of menopausal symptoms. While forest farming is encouraged to reduce wild-harvest impacts, little information is available to aid landowners in successfully cultivating black cohosh. This study examined survival and multi-year growth of 200 black cohosh rhizomes collected from an Appalachian deciduous forest and transplanted to a similar forest type. By the second year after transplant, fewer than 40 % of rhizomes produced above-ground growth and mean rhizome biomass declined by more than 50 %. Shoot biomass was the greatest predictor of below-ground biomass; however, leaf area provided a reasonable, non-destructive means of estimating this commercially-important biomass. Our results suggest that pre-transplant rhizome condition is particularly important to transplant success. Low biomass, lack of roots, and fungal infection all were associated with reduced plant survival. Based on this and associated studies, we recommend careful site selection for propagation, including circumneutral or lime-amended soils and light to moderate shading. Well-drained soil appears particularly important to discourage fungal infection. Understanding conditions for successful transplanting of black cohosh rhizomes can improve forest farming and contribute to sustainable management of this and other non-timber forest products. C1 [Small, Christine J.; Nuckols, Christopher M.] Radford Univ, Dept Biol, Radford, VA 24142 USA. [Chamberlain, James L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. RP Small, CJ (reprint author), Radford Univ, Dept Biol, Radford, VA 24142 USA. EM cjsmall@radford.edu FU USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station; Radford University College of Science and Technology FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of students, professionals, and volunteer citizen-scientists in this work and funding from the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station and Radford University College of Science and Technology. NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 88 IS 5 BP 815 EP 822 DI 10.1007/s10457-014-9727-0 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA AP1VA UT WOS:000341858600006 ER PT J AU Jimenez, MN Pinto, JR Ripoll, MA Sanchez-Miranda, A Navarro, FB AF Jimenez, M. N. Pinto, J. R. Ripoll, M. A. Sanchez-Miranda, A. Navarro, F. B. TI Restoring silvopastures with oak saplings: effects of mulch and diameter class on survival, growth, and annual leaf-nutrient patterns SO AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Quercus ilex subsp ballota; Saplings; Dehesa; Mulch; Semi-arid; DBH; Spain ID QUERCUS-SUBER L.; FIELD PERFORMANCE; ILEX L.; TREE SEEDLINGS; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; SPAIN; FOREST; SOIL; AFFORESTATION; MANAGEMENT AB In Southwestern Spain, multifunctional silvopastoral systems consisting of pastureland and open oak woodlands are known as Dehesas. These, and other similar systems of the Mediterranean basin, are currently threatened by increasing intensive land use. As a consequence, oak regeneration is declining and is in need of adequate management and active restoration. Traditional restoration practices outplant one-year-old, nursery-produced oak seedlings grown in 250-350 cm(3) containers, but establishment and growth results are typically poor. This work examines holm oak (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota (Desf.) Samp.) grown in a non-conventional container size (24 l) and age (6-7 years) with three mulch treatments (control, stone, and straw). In an open Dehesa of SE Spain, 106 oak saplings were planted in March 2010, and survival, diameter at breast height (DBH), and leaf-nutrient concentrations were analyzed. Forty months after planting, all treatments showed high survival (81 %) but only straw-mulched saplings differed significantly (94 %) from control (74 %). DBH increased over time but showed no significant differences among mulch treatments. Saplings with high initial DBH showed the greatest growth and change in DBH at the end of the study period. Leaf-nutrient concentrations changed significantly in the year following outplanting. Bi-monthly foliar nutrient concentration data show decreases in P, K, Zn, and B and sharp increases in Ca and Fe. In this work, we provide some evidence concerning the viability of non-conventional oak size for restoring, regenerating, or building up new agroforestry or silvopastoral systems. A combination of saplings with more than 10 mm of DBH and straw mulch is recommended. C1 [Jimenez, M. N.; Ripoll, M. A.; Sanchez-Miranda, A.; Navarro, F. B.] IFAPA Ctr Camino Purchil, Inst Agr Res & Training, AGROECOSOST Res Grp, Granada 18004, Spain. [Pinto, J. R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jimenez, MN (reprint author), IFAPA Ctr Camino Purchil, Inst Agr Res & Training, AGROECOSOST Res Grp, Camino Purchil S, Granada 18004, Spain. EM mnoelia.jimenez@juntadeandalucia.es RI Navarro, Francisco/M-2882-2014; Jimenez, Maria Noelia/H-4310-2015 OI Navarro, Francisco/0000-0001-8782-6873; Jimenez, Maria Noelia/0000-0002-8663-9256; FU Environmental Council (Junta de Andalucia) by Convenio de Colaboracion [372]; Operating Programme of the European Social Found for Andalucia FX We thank the Environmental Council (Junta de Andalucia) for financial support provided by Convenio de Colaboracion no. 372 and the members of the Forest Management for Conservation research group (PAIDI AGR-245) from the IFAPA and EEZ-CSIC for their invaluable assistance. M.N. Jimenez and A. Sanchez-Miranda were sponsored by the Operating Programme of the European Social Found for Andalucia (2007-2013). We thank David Nesbitt and R. Kasten Dumroese for assistance with English revisions. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-4366 EI 1572-9680 J9 AGROFOREST SYST JI Agrofor. Syst. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 88 IS 5 BP 935 EP 946 DI 10.1007/s10457-014-9737-y PG 12 WC Agronomy; Forestry SC Agriculture; Forestry GA AP1VA UT WOS:000341858600015 ER PT J AU Kaushal, SS Delaney-Newcomb, K Findlay, SEG Newcomer, TA Duan, SW Pennino, MJ Sivirichi, GM Sides-Raley, AM Walbridge, MR Belt, KT AF Kaushal, Sujay S. Delaney-Newcomb, Katie Findlay, Stuart E. G. Newcomer, Tamara A. Duan, Shuiwang Pennino, Michael J. Sivirichi, Gwendolyn M. Sides-Raley, Ashley M. Walbridge, Mark R. Belt, Kenneth T. TI Longitudinal patterns in carbon and nitrogen fluxes and stream metabolism along an urban watershed continuum SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nitrogen; Carbon; New Watershed Concept; Urban watershed; Nutrient retention ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; LAND-USE; HEADWATER STREAMS; NORTHEASTERN USA; DEGRADED URBAN; UNITED-STATES; MASS-BALANCE; PLAINS RIVER; FRESH-WATER; DENITRIFICATION AB An urban watershed continuum framework hypothesizes that there are coupled changes in (1) carbon and nitrogen cycling, (2) groundwater-surface water interactions, and (3) ecosystem metabolism along broader hydrologic flowpaths. It expands our understanding of urban streams beyond a reach scale. We evaluated this framework by analyzing longitudinal patterns in: C and N concentrations and mass balances, groundwater-surface interactions, and stream metabolism and carbon quality from headwaters to larger order streams. 52 monitoring sites were sampled seasonally and monthly along the Gwynns Falls watershed, which drains 170 km(2) of the Baltimore Long-Term Ecological Research site. Regarding our first hypothesis of coupled C and N cycles, there were significant inverse linear relationships between nitrate and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and nitrogen longitudinally (P < 0.05). Regarding our second hypothesis of coupled groundwater-surface water interactions, groundwater seepage and leaky piped infrastructure contributed significant inputs of water and N to stream reaches based on mass balance and chloride/fluoride tracer data. Regarding our third hypothesis of coupled ecosystem metabolism and carbon quality, stream metabolism increased downstream and showed potential to enhance DOC lability (e.g., similar to 4 times higher mean monthly primary production in urban streams than forest streams). DOC lability also increased with distance downstream and watershed urbanization based on protein and humic-like fractions, with major implications for ecosystem metabolism, biological oxygen demand, and CO2 production and alkalinity. Overall, our results showed significant in-stream retention and release (0-100 %) of watershed C and N loads over the scale of kilometers, seldom considered when evaluating monitoring, management, and restoration effectiveness. Given dynamic transport and retention across evolving spatial scales, there is a strong need to longitudinally and synoptically expand studies of hydrologic and biogeochemical processes beyond a stream reach scale along the urban watershed continuum. C1 [Kaushal, Sujay S.; Delaney-Newcomb, Katie; Newcomer, Tamara A.; Duan, Shuiwang; Sivirichi, Gwendolyn M.; Sides-Raley, Ashley M.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Findlay, Stuart E. G.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Pennino, Michael J.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. [Walbridge, Mark R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Baltimore Field Stn, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Kaushal, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, 5825 Univ Res Court, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM skaushal@umd.edu RI Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/D-1045-2013 OI Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189; Newcomer Johnson, Tamara/0000-0002-2496-7641 FU NSF [DBI 0640300, CBET 1058502]; NASA [NNX11AM28G]; Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project [NSF DEB-0423476, DEB-1027188]; Maryland Sea Grant Award [SA7528085-U, NA05OAR4171042, R/WS-2]; EPA Chesapeake Bay Program FX Peter Groffman, Melissa Grese, and Walter Boynton provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Charley Driscoll and 3 anonymous reviewers also provided helpful comments and suggestions. This research was supported by NSF DBI 0640300, NSF CBET 1058502, NASA NNX11AM28G, Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project (NSF DEB-0423476 and DEB-1027188), Maryland Sea Grant Award SA7528085-U, Maryland Sea Grant Award NA05OAR4171042, Maryland Sea Grant Award R/WS-2, and EPA Chesapeake Bay Program. USGS, Baltimore City, and Baltimore County provided logistical support. We thank James McCutchan, Michael Wilberg, Elizabeth Price, Keaton Norquist and Ryan Woodland for helpful discussions. Dan Dillon, Carlos Lozano, Matthew Newcomb, Sarah Ghorpade and Jon Bearr assisted with field work. NR 83 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 8 U2 110 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD OCT PY 2014 VL 121 IS 1 BP 23 EP 44 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-9979-9 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AP2NG UT WOS:000341908600002 ER PT J AU Duan, SW Delaney-Newcomb, K Kaushal, SS Findlay, SEG Belt, KT AF Duan, Shuiwang Delaney-Newcomb, Katie Kaushal, Sujay S. Findlay, Stuart E. G. Belt, Kenneth T. TI Potential effects of leaf litter on water quality in urban watersheds SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Nutrient; Organic carbon; Transformation; Leaf litter; Restoration; Urban watershed continuum ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; LAND-USE; STREAM ECOSYSTEM; PHOSPHORUS DYNAMICS; DECOMPOSING LITTER; HEADWATER STREAMS; WOODLAND STREAM; SOIL-NITROGEN; FOREST STREAM; DENITRIFICATION AB Leaf litter plays a critical role in regulating ecological functions in headwater forest streams, whereas the effects of leaves on water quality in urbanized streams are not fully understood. This study examined the potential importance of leaf litter for the release and transformations of organic carbon and nutrients in urban streams, and compared the effects with other types of natural organic substrates (periphyton and stream sediment). Nutrients and organic carbon were leached from senescent leaves of 6 tree species in the laboratory with deionized water, and maximal releases, leaching rate constants, composition and bioavailability of the leached dissolved organic carbon (DOC) were determined. Stream substrates (leaf debris, rocks with periphyton, and sediment) were seasonally collected from urban and forest reference streams of the NSF Baltimore Long-term Ecological Research Site and incubated with overlying stream water to estimate areal fluxes of DOC and nitrogen. Leaf litter leaching showed large ranges in maximal releases of DOC (7.0-131 mg g(-1)), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON; 0.07-1.39 mg g(-1)) and total dissolved phosphorus (TDP; 0.14-0.70 mg g(-1)) among tree species. DOC leaching rate constants, carbon to nitrogen ratios, and DOC bioavailability were all correlated with organic matter quality indicated by fluorescence spectroscopy. Results from substrate incubation experiments showed far higher DOC and DON release and nitrate retention with leaf debris than with sediment, or rocks with periphyton. DOC release from leaf debris was positively correlated with stream nitrate retention at residential and urban sites, with the highest values observed during the fall and lowest during the summer. This study suggests the potential importance of leaf litter quantity and quality on fostering DOC and nutrient release and transformations in urban streams. It also suggests that species-specific impacts of leaves should be considered in riparian buffer and stream restoration strategies. C1 [Duan, Shuiwang; Delaney-Newcomb, Katie; Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Duan, Shuiwang; Delaney-Newcomb, Katie; Kaushal, Sujay S.] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Findlay, Stuart E. G.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Belt, Kenneth T.] US Forest Serv, Baltimore Field Stn, USDA, No Res Stn, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Duan, SW (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM sduan@umd.edu RI Kaushal, Sujay/G-1062-2013 OI Kaushal, Sujay/0000-0003-0834-9189 FU NSF [DBI 0640300, CBET 1058502]; NASA [NASA NNX11AM28G]; Maryland Sea Grant Awards [SA7528085-U, R/WS-2, NA05OAR4171042]; EPA NNEMS Award [2010-308]; U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development; Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project [NSF DEB-0423476] FX This research was supported by NSF Awards DBI 0640300 and CBET 1058502, NASA grant NASA NNX11AM28G, Maryland Sea Grant Awards SA7528085-U, R/WS-2 and NA05OAR4171042, EPA NNEMS Award 2010-308, the U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, and Baltimore Ecosystem Study LTER project (NSF DEB-0423476). We thank Tammy Newcomer for her valuable comments and help during manuscript preparation. We thank Bill Stack and Karen Cappiella for helpful discussions regarding potential effects of leaves on water quality. NR 83 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 75 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-2563 EI 1573-515X J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY JI Biogeochemistry PD OCT PY 2014 VL 121 IS 1 BP 61 EP 80 DI 10.1007/s10533-014-0016-9 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA AP2NG UT WOS:000341908600004 ER PT J AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Ahumada, F Curry, R Probasco, G Schantz, L AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Ahumada, Fabiana Curry, Robert Probasco, Gene Schantz, Lloyd TI Population growth of Varroa destructor (Acari: Varroidae) in commercial honey bee colonies treated with beta plant acids SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Migration; Population dynamics; Dispersal; Apis mellifera; Parasite ID DEFORMED WING VIRUS; APIS-MELLIFERA L.; JACOBSONI OUD; NATURAL CONDITIONS; WORKER BROOD; INVASION; MITES; PATHOGENS; CLIMATES; ONTOGENY AB Varroa (Varroa destuctor Anderson and Trueman) populations in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies might be kept at low levels by well-timed miticide applications. HopGuard(A (R)) (HG) that contains beta plant acids as the active ingredient was used to reduce mite populations. Schedules for applications of the miticide that could maintain low mite levels were tested in hives started from either package bees or splits of larger colonies. The schedules were developed based on defined parameters for efficacy of the miticide and predictions of varroa population growth generated from a mathematical model of honey bee colony-varroa population dynamics. Colonies started from package bees and treated with HG in the package only or with subsequent HG treatments in the summer had 1.2-2.1 mites per 100 bees in August. Untreated controls averaged significantly more mites than treated colonies (3.3 mites per 100 bees). By October, mite populations ranged from 6.3 to 15.0 mites per 100 bees with the lowest mite numbers in colonies treated with HG in August. HG applications in colonies started from splits in April reduced mite populations to 0.12 mites per 100 bees. In September, the treated colonies had significantly fewer mites than the untreated controls. Subsequent HG applications in September that lasted for 3 weeks reduced mite populations to levels in November that were significantly lower than in colonies that were untreated or had an HG treatment that lasted for 1 week. The model accurately predicted colony population growth and varroa levels until the fall when varroa populations measured in colonies established from package bees or splits were much greater than predicted. Possible explanations for the differences between actual and predicted mite populations are discussed. C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Ahumada, Fabiana] AgSci Consulting LLC, Tucson, AZ USA. [Curry, Robert] Crystal River Consulting, Dallas, TX USA. [Probasco, Gene; Schantz, Lloyd] Div John I Haas Inc, BetaTec Hop Prod, Washington, DC 20016 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 East Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Gloria.Hoffman@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 46 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 EI 1572-9702 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 IS 2 BP 171 EP 186 DI 10.1007/s10493-014-9821-z PG 16 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP4ZI UT WOS:000342089100003 PM 24828399 ER PT J AU Considine, JM Pierron, F Turner, KT Vahey, DW AF Considine, J. M. Pierron, F. Turner, K. T. Vahey, D. W. TI General Anisotropy Identification of Paperboard with Virtual Fields Method SO EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Virtual fields method (VFM); Digital image correlation (DIC); Stiffness; Paperboard; Anisotropy ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; TENSILE; TESTS; STIFFNESSES; ORIENTATION; SENSITIVITY; CONSTANTS; MACHINE; PLATES AB This work extends previous efforts in plate bending of Virtual Fields Method (VFM) parameter identification to include a general 2-D anisotropic material. Such an extension was needed for instances in which material principal directions are unknown or when specimen orientation is not aligned with material principal directions. A new fixture with a multi-axial force configuration is introduced to provide full-field strain data for identification of the six anisotropic stiffnesses. Two paper materials were tested and their Q (ij) compared favorably with those determined by ultrasonic and tensile tests. Accuracy of VFM identification was also quantified by variance of stiffnesses. The load fixture and VFM provide an alternative stiffness identification tool for a wide variety of thin materials to more accurately determine Q (12) and Q (66). C1 [Considine, J. M.; Vahey, D. W.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Pierron, F.] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, Hants, England. [Turner, K. T.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Considine, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM jconsidine@fs.fed.us RI Pierron, Fabrice/D-2332-2011 OI Pierron, Fabrice/0000-0003-2813-4994 NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0014-4851 EI 1741-2765 J9 EXP MECH JI Exp. Mech. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1395 EP 1410 DI 10.1007/s11340-014-9903-1 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA AP1FO UT WOS:000341812900008 ER PT J AU Creed, IF Spargo, AT Jones, JA Buttle, JM Adams, MB Beall, FD Booth, EG Campbell, JL Clow, D Elder, K Green, MB Grimm, NB Miniat, C Ramlal, P Saha, A Sebestyen, S Spittlehouse, D Sterling, S Williams, MW Winkler, R Yao, HX AF Creed, Irena F. Spargo, Adam T. Jones, Julia A. Buttle, Jim M. Adams, Mary B. Beall, Fred D. Booth, Eric G. Campbell, John L. Clow, Dave Elder, Kelly Green, Mark B. Grimm, Nancy B. Miniat, Chelcy Ramlal, Patricia Saha, Amartya Sebestyen, Stephen Spittlehouse, Dave Sterling, Shannon Williams, Mark W. Winkler, Rita Yao, Huaxia TI Changing forest water yields in response to climate warming: results from long-term experimental watershed sites across North America SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Budyko curve; catchments; climate change; elasticity; evapotranspiration; forest; precipitation; resilience; water yield ID UNITED-STATES; CANOPY TRANSPIRATION; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; RESILIENCE; CATCHMENT; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; VEGETATION; BALANCE; SEASONALITY; STREAMFLOW AB Climate warming is projected to affect forest water yields but the effects are expected to vary. We investigated how forest type and age affect water yield resilience to climate warming. To answer this question, we examined the variability in historical water yields at long-term experimental catchments across Canada and the United States over 5-year cool and warm periods. Using the theoretical framework of the Budyko curve, we calculated the effects of climate warming on the annual partitioning of precipitation (P) into evapotranspiration (ET) and water yield. Deviation (d) was defined as a catchment's change in actual ET divided by P [AET/P; evaporative index (EI)] coincident with a shift from a cool to a warm period - a positive d indicates an upward shift in EI and smaller than expected water yields, and a negative d indicates a downward shift in EI and larger than expected water yields. Elasticity was defined as the ratio of interannual variation in potential ET divided by P (PET/P; dryness index) to interannual variation in the EI - high elasticity indicates low d despite large range in drying index (i.e., resilient water yields), low elasticity indicates high d despite small range in drying index (i.e., nonresilient water yields). Although the data needed to fully evaluate ecosystems based on these metrics are limited, we were able to identify some characteristics of response among forest types. Alpine sites showed the greatest sensitivity to climate warming with any warming leading to increased water yields. Conifer forests included catchments with lowest elasticity and stable to larger water yields. Deciduous forests included catchments with intermediate elasticity and stable to smaller water yields. Mixed coniferous/deciduous forests included catchments with highest elasticity and stable water yields. Forest type appeared to influence the resilience of catchment water yields to climate warming, with conifer and deciduous catchments more susceptible to climate warming than the more diverse mixed forest catchments. C1 [Creed, Irena F.; Spargo, Adam T.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. [Jones, Julia A.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Dept Geog, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Buttle, Jim M.] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Adams, Mary B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, NRS, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Beall, Fred D.] Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Booth, Eric G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Clow, Dave] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, MS Denver Fed Ctr 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Elder, Kelly] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Green, Mark B.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. [Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Miniat, Chelcy] US Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Ramlal, Patricia] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Freshwater, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada. [Saha, Amartya] Florida Int Univ, Global Water Sustainabil Program, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Sebestyen, Stephen] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Spittlehouse, Dave] BC Minist Forests, Victoria, BC V8W 9C2, Canada. [Sterling, Shannon] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci & Environm Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada. [Williams, Mark W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Winkler, Rita] BC Minist Forests, Kamloops, BC V2C 2T3, Canada. [Yao, Huaxia] Ontario Minist Environm, Dorset Environm Sci Ctr, Dorset, ON P0A 1E0, Canada. RP Creed, IF (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada. EM icreed@uwo.ca RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009; OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108; Grimm, Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783; Green, Mark/0000-0002-7415-7209; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696; Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824 FU University of Western Ontario International Research Award; NSERC Discovery Grant; Canadian Network of Aquatic Ecosystem Services NSERC Strategic Network Grant; US National Science Foundation; Long Term Ecological Research Network FX We thank the University of Western Ontario International Research Award, NSERC Discovery Grant, and Canadian Network of Aquatic Ecosystem Services NSERC Strategic Network Grant for grants to IFC; the Network of Centres of Excellence Sustainable Forest Management for support that led to the creation of the HELP database for Canadian catchments; and the Long Term Ecological Research Network, US Forest Service, and US Geological Survey for access to the databases for US catchments. We also thank the US National Science Foundation and Long Term Ecological Research Network for support of the workshops that led to this collaboration. We gratefully acknowledge Robin Pike for insights about Carnation and Jennifer Knoepp for insights about Coweeta. NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 18 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 20 IS 10 BP 3191 EP 3208 DI 10.1111/gcb.12615 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP6DU UT WOS:000342168500016 PM 24757012 ER PT J AU Sondgeroth, KS McElwain, TF Ueti, MW Scoles, GA Reif, KE Lau, AOT AF Sondgeroth, Kerry S. McElwain, Terry F. Ueti, Massaro W. Scoles, Glen A. Reif, Kathryn E. Lau, Audrey O. T. TI Tick Passage Results in Enhanced Attenuation of Babesia bovis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID RHIPICEPHALUS BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS; TRANSOVARIAL TRANSMISSION; VECTOR TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; CATTLE; REDUCTION; DIVERSITY; SEQUENCE; CALVES AB Serial blood passage of virulent Babesia bovis in splenectomized cattle results in attenuated derivatives that do not cause neurologic disease. Tick transmissibility can be lost with attenuation, but when retained, attenuated B. bovis can revert to virulence following tick passage. This study provides data showing that tick passage of the partially attenuated B. bovis T2Bo derivative strain further decreased virulence compared with intravenous inoculation of the same strain in infected animals. Ticks that acquired virulent or attenuated parasites by feeding on infected cattle were transmission fed on naive, splenectomized animals. While there was no significant difference between groups in the number of parasites in the midgut, hemolymph, or eggs of replete female ticks after acquisition feeding, animals infected with the attenuated parasites after tick transmission showed no clinical signs of babesiosis, unlike those receiving intravenous challenge with the same attenuated strain prior to tick passage. Additionally, there were significantly fewer parasites in blood and tissues of animals infected with tick-passaged attenuated parasites. Sequencing analysis of select B. bovis genes before and after tick passage showed significant differences in parasite genotypes in both peripheral blood and cerebral samples. These results provide evidence that not only is tick transmissibility retained by the attenuated T2Bo strain, but also it results in enhanced attenuation and is accompanied by expansion of parasite subpopulations during tick passage that may be associated with the change in disease phenotype. C1 [Sondgeroth, Kerry S.; Reif, Kathryn E.; Lau, Audrey O. T.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [McElwain, Terry F.; Reif, Kathryn E.; Lau, Audrey O. T.] Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Paul G Allen Sch Global Anim Hlth, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ueti, Massaro W.; Scoles, Glen A.] USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA USA. RP Sondgeroth, KS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kss@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NIH [5K01-OD011154]; USDA-ARS [5348-32000-034-00D] FX This work was funded by NIH 5K01-OD011154 and USDA-ARS grant 5348-32000-034-00D. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 82 IS 10 BP 4426 EP 4434 DI 10.1128/IAI.02126-14 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AP2VY UT WOS:000341935100040 PM 25114111 ER PT J AU Perez-Martin, E Diaz-San Segundo, F Weiss, M Sturza, DF Dias, CC Ramirez-Medina, E Grubman, MJ de los Santos, T AF Perez-Martin, Eva Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna Weiss, Marcelo Sturza, Diego F. Dias, Camila C. Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth Grubman, Marvin J. de los Santos, Teresa TI Type III Interferon Protects Swine Against Foot-and-Mouth Disease SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IFN-LAMBDA-S; I INTERFERON; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY; LEADER PROTEINASE; VIRUS; REPLICATION; RECEPTOR; PATHOGENESIS; INDUCTION AB In recent years, we have developed novel strategies to control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), including the use of biotherapeutics such as interferons (IFN) delivered by a replication-defective human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5). Swine can be sterilely protected after vaccination with an Ad5 that encodes porcine type I IFN (poIFN-alpha), and cattle can be similarly protected or develop significantly reduced disease when treated with an Ad5 delivering bovine type III IFN (boIFN-lambda 3). Here, we have evaluated the efficacy of porcine IFN-lambda 3 (poIFN-lambda 3) against FMD virus in vivo. Swine inoculated with different doses of Ad5-poIFN-lambda 3 were protected against disease in a dose-dependent manner. Despite the absence of systemic antiviral activity, 7 out of 10 Ad5-poIFN-lambda 3 inoculated animals did not develop disease or viremia, and the other 3 inoculated animals displayed delayed and milder disease by 7 days postchallenge as compared with control animals inoculated with an Ad5 control vector. While analysis of gene expression showed significant induction of IFN and IFN-stimulated genes in Ad5-poIFN-lambda 3-treated cultured porcine epithelial kidney cells, there was limited gene induction in peripheral blood monocytes isolated from treated swine. These results suggest that treatment with Ad5-poIFN-lambda 3 is an effective biotherapeutic strategy against FMD in swine. C1 [Perez-Martin, Eva; Diaz-San Segundo, Fayna; Weiss, Marcelo; Sturza, Diego F.; Dias, Camila C.; Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth; Grubman, Marvin J.; de los Santos, Teresa] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, North Atlantic Area, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Perez-Martin, Eva; Weiss, Marcelo; Sturza, Diego F.; Dias, Camila C.; Ramirez-Medina, Elizabeth] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP de los Santos, T (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, North Atlantic Area, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM teresa.delossantos@ars.usda.gov RI Weiss, Marcelo/I-1274-2012 OI Weiss, Marcelo/0000-0001-7902-3210 FU Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program; U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. Department of Agriculture by CRIS [1940-32000-053-00D ARS]; USDA; Department of Homeland Security [60-1940-9-028, 60-1940-7-047] FX This research was supported by the Plum Island Animal Disease Research Participation Program administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the U.S. Department of Agriculture by CRIS project 1940-32000-053-00D ARS, USDA and by reimbursable agreements with the Department of Homeland Security 60-1940-9-028 and 60-1940-7-047. The authors thank Bryan Charleston from the Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright, United Kingdom, for kindly providing MDBK-t2 cells, Marla Koster and Traci Turecek for technical support, and the Plum Island ARB for their superb assistance with the animal experiments. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1079-9907 EI 1557-7465 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 34 IS 10 BP 810 EP 821 DI 10.1089/jir.2013.0112 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA AQ1SR UT WOS:000342561800009 PM 24786495 ER PT J AU Zurn, JD Newcomb, M Rouse, MN Jin, Y Chao, SM Sthapit, J See, DR Wanyera, R Njau, P Bonman, JM Brueggeman, R Acevedo, M AF Zurn, Jason D. Newcomb, Maria Rouse, Matthew N. Jin, Yue Chao, Shiaoman Sthapit, Jinita See, Deven R. Wanyera, Ruth Njau, Peter Bonman, J. Michael Brueggeman, Robert Acevedo, Maricelis TI High-density mapping of a resistance gene to Ug99 from the Iranian landrace PI 626573 SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Wheat; Stem rust; SrWLR; iSelect; Infinium; SNP ID STEM RUST RESISTANCE; F-SP TRITICI; SPRING WHEAT LANDRACES; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; UNITED-STATES; RACE UG99; AESTIVUM L.; DIVERSITY; IDENTIFICATION; MARKERS AB Managing wheat stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt), is imperative for the preservation of global food security. The most effective strategy is pyramiding several resistance genes into adapted wheat cultivars. A search for new resistance sources to Pgt race TTKSK resistance identified a spring wheat landrace, accession PI 626573, as a potentially novel source of resistance. A cross was made between LMPG-6, a susceptible spring wheat line, and PI 626573 and used to develop a recombinant inbred population to map the resistance. Bulk segregant analysis (BSA) of LMPG-6/PI 626573 F-2 progeny determined resistance was conferred by a single dominant gene given the provisional designation SrWLR. The BSA identified nine microsatellite (SSR) markers on the long arm of chromosome 2B associated with the resistant phenotype. Fifteen polymorphic SSRs, including the nine identified in the BSA, were used to produce a linkage map of chromosome 2B, positioning SrWLR in an 8.8 cM region between the SSRs GWM47 and WMC332. This region has been reported to contain the wheat stem rust resistance genes Sr9 and SrWeb, the latter conferring resistance to Pgt race TTKSK. The 9,000 marker Illumina Infinium iSelect SNP assay was used to further saturate the SrWLR region. The cosegregating SNP markers IWA6121, IWA6122, IWA7620, IWA8295, and IWA8362 further delimited the SrWLR region distally to a 1.9 cM region. The present study demonstrates the iSelect assay to be an efficient tool to delimit the region of a mapping population and establish syntenic relationships between closely related species. C1 [Zurn, Jason D.; Brueggeman, Robert; Acevedo, Maricelis] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Newcomb, Maria; Rouse, Matthew N.; Jin, Yue] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Sthapit, Jinita] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [See, Deven R.] ARS, USDA, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wanyera, Ruth; Njau, Peter] Kenya Agr Res Inst, Njoro, Kenya. [Bonman, J. Michael] ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Acevedo, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM Maricelis.Acevedo@ndsu.edu RI Rouse, Matthew/G-5474-2011 FU North Dakota Wheat Commission; USDA-ARS FX The authors would like to thank Matt Breiland, Amanda Swank, Mary Osenga, Dawn Feltus, Richard Sonju, and Taylor Morgan for their technical support. This project was funded through the North Dakota Wheat Commission and USDA-ARS. NR 51 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 871 EP 881 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0081-8 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400010 ER PT J AU Hwang, J Oh, J Kim, Z Staub, JE Chung, SM Park, Y AF Hwang, Jihyun Oh, Juyoul Kim, Zoohyun Staub, Jack E. Chung, Sang-Min Park, Younghoon TI Fine genetic mapping of a locus controlling short internode length in melon (Cucumis melo L.) SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Cucumis melo L.; Fine mapping; Plant dwarfism; Short internodes ID HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; ARABIDOPSIS SEED-GERMINATION; RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE; RICE DWARF MUTANT; GREEN-REVOLUTION; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; SATIVUS L.; CONCENTRATED-YIELD; C. MELO AB Compact and dwarfing vining habits in melon (Cucumis melo L.; 2n = 2x = 24) may have commercial importance since they can contribute to the promotion of concentrated fruit set and can be planted in higher plant densities than standard vining types. A study was designed to determine the genetics of dwarfism associated with a diminutive (short internodes) melon mutant line PNU-D1 (C. melo ssp. cantalupensis). PNU-D1 was crossed with inbred wild-type melon line PNU-WT1 (C. melo ssp. agrestis), and resultant F-1 progeny were then self-pollinated to produce an F-2 population that segregated as dwarf and vining plant types. Primary stem length of F-2 progeny assessed under greenhouse conditions indicated that a single recessive gene, designated mdw1, controlled dwarfism in this population. To identify the chromosomal location associated with mdw1, an simple sequence repeat (SSR)-based genetic linkage map was constructed using 94 F-2 progeny. Using 76 SSR markers positioned on 15 linkage groups spanning 462.84 cM, the location of mdw1 was localized to Chromosome 7. Using the putative dwarfing-associated genes, fine genetic mapping of the mdw1 genomic region was facilitated with 1,194 F-2 progeny that defined the genetic distance between mdw1 and cytokinin oxidase gene, a candidate gene for compact growth habit (cp) in cucumber, to be 1.7 cM. The candidate gene ERECTA (serin/threonine kinase) and UBI (ubiquitin) were also mapped to genomic regions flanking mdw1 at distances of 0.6 and 1.2 cM, respectively. C1 [Hwang, Jihyun; Park, Younghoon] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Hort Biosci, Miryang 627706, South Korea. [Oh, Juyoul] Gyeongnam Agr Res & Extens Serv, Jinju 663985, South Korea. [Kim, Zoohyun] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Dept Hort, Jinju 660701, South Korea. [Staub, Jack E.] ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, USDA, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Chung, Sang-Min] Dongguk Univ Seoul, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 100715, South Korea. [Park, Younghoon] Pusan Natl Univ, Life & Ind Convergence Res Inst, Miryang 627706, South Korea. RP Chung, SM (reprint author), Dongguk Univ Seoul, Dept Life Sci, Seoul 100715, South Korea. EM smchung@dongguk.edu; ypark@pusan.ac.kr FU Ministry of Education (MOE); Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries, Republic of Korea [109064-05-5-HD110] FX Following are results of a study on the "Leades INdustry-university Cooperation" Project, supported by the Ministry of Education (MOE). This work was supported by grants from the Technology Development Program for Agriculture and Forestry, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (Grants 109064-05-5-HD110), Republic of Korea. NR 73 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 949 EP 961 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0088-1 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400017 ER PT J AU Zambrano, JL Jones, MW Francis, DM Tomas, A Redinbaugh, MG AF Zambrano, Jose Luis Jones, Mark W. Francis, David M. Tomas, Adriana Redinbaugh, Margaret G. TI Quantitative trait loci for resistance to Maize rayado fino virus SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Achaparramiento; Genetic resistance; Nested association mapping (NAM) population; Insect transmitted disease ID ZEA-MAYS L.; MOSAIC-VIRUS; IDENTIFICATION; GENES; GERMPLASM; SELECTION; ECUADOR; DISEASE; GENOME; LINES AB Maize rayado fino virus (MRFV) causes one of the most important virus diseases of maize in regions of Mexico, Central and South America, where it causes moderate to severe yield losses. The virus is found from the southern USA to northern Argentina where its vector, the maize leafhopper Dalbulus maidis, is present. Although resistance to MRFV has been identified in tropical maize lines, little was known about genes or quantitative trait locus (QTL) conferring resistance to MRFV. In order to identify the location of genes conferring resistance to MRFV, two recombinant inbred line mapping populations that segregated for MRFV resistance were inoculated using viruliferous leafhoppers, and their responses to virus inoculation were evaluated under greenhouse conditions 7, 14 and 21 days post inoculation. A QTL explaining up to 23 % of the total phenotypic variance was mapped on chromosome 10 in both populations, with similar genetic and physical positions identified in the two populations. The magnitude of the QTL effect and the validation in two independent populations suggests that resistance to MFRV could be transferred into elite breeding lines to develop resistant cultivars. C1 [Zambrano, Jose Luis; Francis, David M.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Jones, Mark W.; Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] ARS, USDA, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit CSWQRU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Jones, Mark W.; Redinbaugh, Margaret G.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Tomas, Adriana] DuPont Agr Biotechnol, Wilmington, DE 19880 USA. RP Redinbaugh, MG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Corn Soybean & Wheat Qual Res Unit CSWQRU, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM peg.redinbaugh@ars.usda.gov RI Redinbaugh, Margaret/A-3611-2013 FU Instituto Nacional Autonomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Ecuador FX We thank M. McMullen (USDA-ARS, Columbia, MO) for providing seeds of the Ki11 x B73 RIL population. We are grateful to J. Todd (USDA-ARS, OARDC) for maintaining the D. maidis colony. We also thank the Dupont Pioneer Marker Laboratory for the genotyping of the Oh1VI x Oh28 RIL population with the Illumina plex. JLZ thanks the Instituto Nacional Autonomo de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP), Ecuador for a fellowship to support his Ph.D. study. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 989 EP 996 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0091-6 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400020 ER PT J AU Lu, HJ Hu, JG Kwon, SJ AF Lu, Huangjun Hu, Jinguo Kwon, Soon Jae TI Association analysis of bacterial leaf spot resistance and SNP markers derived from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Lettuce; Resistance; Bacterial leaf spot; Association analysis; Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ID CAMPESTRIS PV. VITIANS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; SEED TREATMENTS; CULTIVARS; GENOME; GERMPLASM AB Bacterial leaf spot of lettuce, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vitians, is a devastating disease of lettuce worldwide. Since there are no chemicals available for effective control of the disease, host-plant resistance is highly desirable to protect lettuce production. A total of 179 lettuce genotypes consisting of 29 leaf, 15 crisphead, one stem, 21 romaine, and 113 butterhead types were evaluated for response to X. c. vitians. One source of high resistance and five sources of moderate resistance were identified with four being butterhead lettuce and two leaf lettuce. The population genetic structure based on 350 expressed-sequence-tag-derived single nucleotide polymorphism generated two clades: Clade I and Clade II. The butterhead type was genetically distinct from romaine and crisphead types, while the leaf type was found to frequently exchange genes with other types through the history of breeding. Association mapping identified one single nucleotide polymorphism (QGB19C20.yg-1-OP5) associated with disease severity in Q general linear model and Q + K mixed linear model. Two SNP markers (Contig15389-1-OP1 and Contig6039-19-OP1) were associated with the resistance in the leaf lettuce PI 358000-1 which had no disease symptoms. The marker QGB19C20.yg-1-OP5 is in linkage group 2, while both of Contig15389-1-OP1 and Contig6039-19-OP1 are in linkage group 4. The resistant lines and the associated SNPs should be useful to develop resistant cultivars to battle against the devastating disease in lettuce. C1 [Lu, Huangjun] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Hu, Jinguo] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Kwon, Soon Jae] Korea Atom Energy Res Inst, Adv Radiat Technol Inst, Jeonbuk, South Korea. RP Lu, HJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. EM hjlu@ufl.edu NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 30 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 997 EP 1006 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0092-5 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400021 ER PT J AU Mohammadi, M Endelman, JB Nair, S Chao, SM Jones, SS Muehlbauer, GJ Ullrich, SE Baik, BK Wise, ML Smith, KP AF Mohammadi, Mohsen Endelman, Jeffrey B. Nair, Sindhu Chao, Shiaoman Jones, Stephen S. Muehlbauer, Gary J. Ullrich, Steven E. Baik, Byung-Kee Wise, Mitchell L. Smith, Kevin P. TI Association mapping of grain hardness, polyphenol oxidase, total phenolics, amylose content, and beta-glucan in US barley breeding germplasm SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Association genetics; Food quality; QTL; Barley ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HORDEUM-VULGARE; CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC MEN; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; ENDOSPERM-TEXTURE; KERNEL HARDNESS; MALTING BARLEY; QUALITY TRAITS AB A renewed interest in breeding barley specifically for food end-uses is being driven by increased consumer interest in healthier foods. We conducted association mapping on physicochemical properties of barley that play a role in food quality and processing including grain hardness, polyphenol oxidase activity, total phenolics, amylose content, and beta-glucan. We used 3,069 elite two-row and six-row spring barley breeding lines from eight US breeding programs and 2,041 SNP markers for association mapping. Marker-trait associations were identified using a mixed model that incorporated population structure and kinship. We detected two previously identified QTL for grain hardness on chromosome 2H in the telomeric region of 5H along with two novel regions on 4H and 6H. For amylose content, we detected marker-trait associations on 7H from 0.63 to 30 cM. We detected four regions on chromosomes 1H, 2H, 3H, and 4H associated with polyphenol oxidase activity. The chromosome 2H region co-localized with the two previously mapped polyphenol oxidase genes PPO1 and PPO2, and the regions on chromosomes 1H, 3H, and 4H QTL were novel. For total phenolics, we identified three significant regions on 3H, 4H, and 5H. Two regions on 2H and 7H were associated with beta-glucan. Both previously identified and novel QTL are segregating in elite US breeding germplasm. Only three of the 24 SNPs that were associated with traits using either the two-row or six-row mapping panel were identified in both panels. Nine SNPs were detected in the individual two-row or six-row panels that were not detected in the analysis using the complete panel and accounting for population structure. The distribution of favorable alleles at these loci that underpin food quality across the breeding programs suggests several strategies to use markers to improve barley for food uses. C1 [Mohammadi, Mohsen; Muehlbauer, Gary J.; Smith, Kevin P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Endelman, Jeffrey B.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nair, Sindhu; Jones, Stephen S.; Ullrich, Steven E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Baik, Byung-Kee] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Wise, Mitchell L.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Smith, KP (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 411 Borlaug Hall,1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM smith376@umn.edu FU USDA-CSREES-NRI [2006-55606-16722]; USDA-NIFA [2009-85606-05701, 2011-68002-30029]; Washington State University Agricultural Research Center; Washington State University Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources FX We gratefully acknowledge the technical support of Tracy Harris for phenotyping the barley lines. We also thank the breeders who contributed two-row spring lines for this research: D. Obert, formerly USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID; T. Blake, Montana State University; and R. Horsley, North Dakota State University. T. Blake and K. Smith grew the grain samples for phenotyping. This research was supported by USDA-CSREES-NRI Grant No. 2006-55606-16722 and USDA-NIFA Grant No. 2009-85606-05701 and 2011-68002-30029, the Washington State University Agricultural Research Center, and the Washington State University Center for Sustaining Agriculture and Natural Resources. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 1229 EP 1243 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0112-5 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400039 ER PT J AU Eckard, JT Gonzalez-Hernandez, JL Chao, S St Amand, P Bai, G AF Eckard, J. T. Gonzalez-Hernandez, J. L. Chao, S. St Amand, P. Bai, G. TI Construction of dense linkage maps "on the fly" using early generation wheat breeding populations SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Linkage mapping; Consensus map; Pedigree analysis; Wheat breeding; High-throughput genotyping ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; CROSS POPULATION; PLANTS; QTL; GENOME; RESISTANCE; DISCOVERY; SOFTWARE AB In plant species, construction of framework linkage maps to facilitate quantitative trait loci mapping and molecular breeding has been confined to experimental mapping populations. However, development and evaluation of these populations is detached from breeding efforts for cultivar development. In this study, we demonstrate that dense and reliable linkage maps can be constructed using extant breeding populations derived from a large number of crosses, thus eliminating the need for extraneous population development. Using 565 segregating F-1 progeny from 28 four-way cross breeding populations, a linkage map of the hexaploid wheat genome consisting of 3,785 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci and 22 simple sequence repeat loci was developed. Map estimation was facilitated by application of mapping algorithms for general pedigrees implemented in the software package CRI-MAP. The developed linkage maps showed high rank-order concordance with a SNP consensus map developed from seven mapping studies. Therefore, the linkage mapping methodology presented here represents a resource efficient approach for plant breeding programs that enables development of dense linkage maps "on the fly" to support molecular breeding efforts. C1 [Eckard, J. T.; Gonzalez-Hernandez, J. L.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Chao, S.] ARS, USDA, Fargo, ND USA. [St Amand, P.; Bai, G.] ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Gonzalez-Hernandez, JL (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM jose.gonzalez@sdstate.edu FU US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative under ARS [59-0200-3-005]; South Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station FX The authors acknowledge support from the US Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative under ARS Agreement No: 59-0200-3-005 to J.L.G.H. and by the South Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 1281 EP 1300 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0116-1 PG 20 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400042 ER PT J AU Semagn, K Magorokosho, C Ogugo, V Makumbi, D Warburton, ML AF Semagn, Kassa Magorokosho, Cosmos Ogugo, Veronica Makumbi, Dan Warburton, Marilyn L. TI Genetic relationships and structure among open-pollinated maize varieties adapted to eastern and southern Africa using microsatellite markers SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Genetic diversity; Microsatellite; OPV; Simple sequence repeat; Sub-Saharan Africa ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; CIMMYT MAIZE; INBRED LINES; SSR MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SNP MARKERS; DIVERSITY; INDIVIDUALS; IMPROVEMENT; COLLECTION AB Molecular characterization of open-pollinated maize varieties (OPVs) is fundamentally important in maize germplasm improvement. We investigated the extent of genetic differences, patterns of relationships, and population structure among 218 diverse OPVs widely used in southern and eastern Africa using the model-based population structure, analysis of molecular variance, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, and discriminant analysis. The OPVs were genotyped with 51 microsatellite markers and the fluorescent detection system of the Applied Biosystems 3730 Capillary Sequencer. The number of alleles detected in each OPV varied from 72 to 155, with an overall mean of 127.6. Genetic distance among the OPVs varied from 0.051 to 0.434, with a mean of 0.227. The different multivariate methods suggest the presence of 2-4 possible groups, primarily by maturity groups but also with overlapping variation between breeding programs, mega-environments, and specific agronomic traits. Nearly all OPVs in group 1 and group 2 belong to the intermediate-late and early maturity groups, respectively. Group 3 consisted of mainly intermediate maturing OPVs, while group 4 contained OPVs of different maturity groups. The OPVs widely used in eastern Africa either originated from the southern African maize breeding programs, or the majority of inbred lines used as parents by the two breeding programs in developing the OPVs might be genetically related. Some of the OPVs are much older than others, but they still did not show a clear pattern of genetic differentiation as compared with the recently developed ones, which is most likely due to recycling of the best parental lines in forming new OPVs. C1 [Semagn, Kassa; Ogugo, Veronica; Makumbi, Dan] Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, Nairobi, Kenya. [Magorokosho, Cosmos] CIMMYT, Harare, Zimbabwe. [Warburton, Marilyn L.] ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Semagn, K (reprint author), Int Maize & Wheat Improvement Ctr CIMMYT, POB 1041,Village Market 00621, Nairobi, Kenya. EM k.semagn@cgiar.org OI Semagn, Kassa/0000-0001-6486-5685 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX This work was part of the "Drought Tolerant Maize for Africa" projects and is financially supported by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 EI 1572-9788 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 34 IS 3 BP 1423 EP 1435 DI 10.1007/s11032-014-0126-z PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6CF UT WOS:000342164400052 ER PT J AU Loria-Kohen, V Espinosa-Salinas, I de Molina, AR Casas-Agustench, P Herranz, J Molina, S Fonolla, J Olivares, M Lara-Villoslada, F Reglero, G Ordovas, JM AF Loria-Kohen, Viviana Espinosa-Salinas, Isabel de Molina, Ana Ramirez Casas-Agustench, Patricia Herranz, Jesus Molina, Susana Fonolla, Juristo Olivares, Monica Lara-Villoslada, Federico Reglero, Guillermo Ordovas, Jose M. TI A genetic variant of PPARA modulates cardiovascular risk biomarkers after milk consumption SO NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Milk; Nutrigenetics; PPARA; Lipid profile; rs135549 ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DAIRY-PRODUCTS; CHOLESTEROL CONCENTRATIONS; DIETARY INTERVENTION; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; LDL CHOLESTEROL; HEALTHY-MEN; FAT; PLASMA; NUTRIGENOMICS AB Objective: The association of dairy food consumption with the risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been investigated in many studies, but results often have been contradictory. The aim of the present study was to determine whether genetic polymorphisms are associated with interindividual variation in the response of CVD risk biomarker values after milk consumption. Methods: Fourteen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in nine genes related to lipid metabolism were examined in 161 volunteers randomly allocated to consume either 500 mL/d of skimmed (S) or semi-skimmed (SS) milk for 1 year in addition to their usual diets. Total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein/HDL-C ratios were used as biomarkers of CVD risk. Three-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to examine the effect of time, treatment (S or SS), and genotype on these biomarkers. Results: A TT genotype for the proliferator-activated receptor alpha polymorphism (PPARA rs135549 SNP) was significantly associated with a reduction in the TC/HDL and LDL/HDL ratios after 12 mo of S milk intake (mean reduction -0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.63 to 0.05; P = 0.0015 and -0.31, 95% CI, -0.58 to 0.03; P = 0.0005, respectively). However, no differences were observed after consuming either S or SS milk in the C allele carriers. Conclusions: Saturated fatty acid consumption has long been linked to an increased risk for CVD; indeed, the consumption of saturated fat-free products is recommended as a means of reducing this risk. However, the present results suggest that many individuals might not benefit from such general recommendations. Genetic analysis of PPARA rs135549 might help identify those individuals who are more likely to benefit from reducing the saturated fatty acid content of their diet. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Loria-Kohen, Viviana; Espinosa-Salinas, Isabel; de Molina, Ana Ramirez; Casas-Agustench, Patricia; Herranz, Jesus; Molina, Susana; Ordovas, Jose M.] CEI UAM CSIC, IMDEA Food Inst, Madrid, Spain. [Casas-Agustench, Patricia; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM USDA, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Molina, Susana; Fonolla, Juristo] Biosearch SA, Res Dept, Granada, Spain. [Lara-Villoslada, Federico] Lactalis Puleva, Dept Res & Dev, Granada, Spain. [Reglero, Guillermo] CEI UAM CSIC, Inst Food Sci Res CIAL, Dept Prod & Characterizat Novel Foods, Madrid, Spain. RP de Molina, AR (reprint author), CEI UAM CSIC, IMDEA Food Inst, Madrid, Spain. EM Ana.ramirez@imdea.org RI Reglero, Guillermo/K-6658-2014; Herranz Valera, Jesus/M-8657-2014 OI , Patricia Casas-Agustench/0000-0003-4424-1087; Herranz Valera, Jesus/0000-0002-7385-1311 FU Biosearch SA; Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI) (Programa Ingenio); Comunidad de Madrid (ALIBIRD) [S2009/AGR-1469]; Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [RyC 2008-03734] FX This work was supported by Biosearch SA within the framework of the PRO-NAOS Project, and grants from the Center for Industrial Technological Development (CDTI) (Programa Ingenio), the Comunidad de Madrid (ALIBIRD, S2009/AGR-1469), and the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RyC 2008-03734). VLK, IES, and ARM contributed equally to this work. JMO. GR, and ARM developed the study proposal and supervised the research. VLK, IES, and ARM designed the experiments, analyzed the data, and participated in the interpretation of the results. VLK produced the figures and drafted the report sunder the supervision of JMO, GR, and ARM. VLK, IES, and SM performed the molecular experiments. JF, MO, and FLV designed and conducted the clinical trial and participated in discussion and the writing of the report. JH and PCA performed the statistical analysis and participated in the interpretation of the results. All authors read and approved the manuscript. None of the authors has any personal or financial conflict of interest. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0899-9007 EI 1873-1244 J9 NUTRITION JI Nutrition PD OCT PY 2014 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1144 EP 1150 DI 10.1016/j.nut.2014.02.012 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AP5KB UT WOS:000342117000008 PM 24976416 ER PT J AU Chu, Y Guimaraes, LA Wu, CL Timper, P Holbrook, CC Ozias-Akins, P AF Chu, Y. Guimaraes, L. A. Wu, C. L. Timper, P. Holbrook, C. C. Ozias-Akins, P. TI A Technique to Study Meloidogyne arenaria Resistance in Agrobacterium rhizogenes-Transformed Peanut SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE; MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; COMPOSITE PLANTS; FIELD CONDITIONS; GENE-EXPRESSION; GERMPLASM LINES; HAIRY ROOTS; REGISTRATION AB A reliable peanut root transformation system would be useful to study the functions of genes involved in root biology and disease resistance. The objective of this study was to establish an effective protocol to produce composite plants mediated by Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation. In total, 75% of transformed peanut seedlings produced an average of 2.83 transgenic roots per plant. Peanut seed had the highest germination rate after treatment in a chlorine gas chamber for 8 h compared with 16 h in chlorine gas or Clorox and mercuric chloride immersion treatments. High transformation efficiency was achieved when the wound site for A. rhizogenes inoculation was covered with vermiculite instead of enclosing the whole plant in a high humidity chamber. On average, 2.5 galls from Meloidogyne arenaria infection were formed per transgenic root from susceptible genotype TifGP-2. These data indicate that A. rhizogenes-transformed roots can be used to phenotype the host response to nematode challenge. Transformation of RLP-2, a candidate resistance gene for M. arenaria integrated into a silencing construct, did not alter the resistance response of Tifguard, even though downregulation of endogenous RLP-2 expression was detected in transformed roots. It is likely that RLP-2 is not the gene conditioning M. arenaria resistance in peanut. C1 [Chu, Y.; Guimaraes, L. A.; Wu, C. L.; Ozias-Akins, P.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Timper, P.; Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Ozias-Akins, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Tifton Campus, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM pozias@uga.edu FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) FX Both Agrobacterium rhizogenes strain K599 and the pAKK1467B plasmid were kindly provided by M. Libault and G. Stacey, University of Missouri. We acknowledge The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for a research fellowship for L. A. Guimaraes. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1292 EP 1299 DI 10.1094/PDIS-12-13-1241-RE PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100001 ER PT J AU Funnell-Harris, DL Sattler, SE Pedersen, JF AF Funnell-Harris, Deanna L. Sattler, Scott E. Pedersen, Jeffrey F. TI Response of Fusarium thapsinum to Sorghum brown midrib Lines and to Phenolic Metabolites SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L. MOENCH; FORAGE SORGHUM; GRAIN-SORGHUM; GENETIC STOCKS; MACROPHOMINA-PHASEOLINA; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; BMR-12 GENES; ALTERNARIA; YIELD; ACID AB Sorghum lines were bred for reduced lignin for cellulosic bioenergy uses, through the incorporation of brown midrib (bmr)6 or -12 into two backgrounds (RTx430 and Wheatland) as either single or double-mutant lines. When these lines were assessed for resistance to Fusarium thapsinum stalk rot, a cause of lodging, they were as resistant to E thapsinum as the near-isogenic wild type. Peduncles of newly identified bmr lines from an ethyl-methanesulfonate-mutagenized population, inoculated with E thapsinum, were as resistant as the wild-type line, BTx623. One bmr line (1107) had significantly smaller mean lesion lengths than BTx623, suggesting that a mutation is associated with reduced susceptibility. Growing F thapsinum on medium with ferulic, vanillic, sinapic, syringic, and caffeic acids (phenolic compounds derived from the lignin pathway and elevated in different bmr lines) indicated that E thapsinum was tolerant to these compounds. When eight other sorghum fungi were tested for response to the presence of these compounds, ferulic acid inhibited these fungi Most of the phenolics inhibited F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum. Accumulation of phenolic metabolites in bmr plants may inhibit growth of some sorghum pathogens, while other factors such as aromatic phytoalexins or salicylic acid may be involved in resistance to F. thapsinum. C1 [Funnell-Harris, Deanna L.; Sattler, Scott E.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nebraska, GFBRU, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Funnell-Harris, Deanna L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Sattler, Scott E.; Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Funnell-Harris, DL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, GFBRU, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Deanna.Funnell-Harris@ars.usda.gov FU National Institute of Food Agriculture [2011-67009-30026]; USDA-ARS, CRIS [5440-21220-027-00D] FX This research was supported by a National Institute of Food & Agriculture grant number 2011-67009-30026 and additional funding from USDA-ARS, CRIS project number 5440-21220-027-00D. We thank J. Toy for production of greenhouse-grown grain and P. O'Neill for overseeing greenhouse experiments and for conducting statistical analyses. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1300 EP 1308 DI 10.1094/PDIS-09-13-0980-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100002 ER PT J AU Nopsa, JFH Pfender, WF AF Nopsa, John F. Hernandez Pfender, William F. TI A Latent Period Duration Model for Wheat Stem Rust SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-RECONDITA; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; UREDINIOSPORE PRODUCTION; TEMPERATURE; RESISTANCE; HOST; GRAMINIS; BARBERRY; DENSITY AB Wheat stem rust (WSR), caused by Puccinia graminis subsp. graminis Pers., is a highly destructive disease of wheat and several other small grains. The discovery of P. graminis subsp. graminis race Ug99, which overcomes previously effective resistance in wheat, raises concerns for global wheat production and food security. There is currently no mathematical model that describes the duration of the WSR latent period based on temperature or heat units. A study using P graminis subsp. graminis race GFCDC in 'Stephens' wheat was conducted at a range of temperatures (from 4.7 to 33.4 degrees C), to determine their effect on latent period duration. There were significant differences in latent period duration among temperatures, and temperatures above 30 C generally were not conducive for pustule development. A mathematical model to predict latent period duration based on temperature was formulated; the model can be applied to data consisting of varying temperature readings measured at any desired time increment. The model was validated in outdoor experiments under natural conditions on Stephens and 'McNair' wheat. In field and outdoor experiments, the latent period durations predicted with the model were within 16 h of the observed latent period, and most fell into the 99% confidence interval of the observations. For experiments conducted on field-grown plants, no significant differences were found between predicted and observed latent period duration. Factorial experiments conducted under growth chamber conditions, using four wheat cultivars (Stephens, McNair 701, 'Scout 66', and 'Kingbird') and four P. graminis subsp. graminis races (GCCNC, GCCSC, QFCSC, and GFCDC) at three temperatures (5, 15 and 30 degrees C) showed significant differences among cultivars at each temperature. A quantitative model for latent period duration could help in estimating epidemic development, and also in improving our understanding of WSR epidemiology. C1 [Nopsa, John F. Hernandez; Pfender, William F.] USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Nopsa, JFH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage Seed & Cereal Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM john.nopsa@gmail.com RI Hernandez Nopsa, John Fredy/E-7366-2013 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1358 EP 1363 DI 10.1094/PDIS-11-13-1128-RE PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100009 ER PT J AU Andersen, KF Morris, L Derksen, RC Madden, LV Paul, PA AF Andersen, K. F. Morris, L. Derksen, R. C. Madden, L. V. Paul, P. A. TI Rainfastness of Prothioconazole plus Tebuconazole for Fusarium Head Blight and Deoxynivalenol Management in Soft Red Winter Wheat SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PORTABLE RAINFALL SIMULATOR; FUNGICIDE APPLICATION; ADJUVANTS; BARLEY; CONTAMINATION; PERSISTENCE; GRAMINEARUM; RESISTANCE; RETENTION; MANCOZEB AB Fungicides are most warranted for control of Fusarium head blight (FHB), a disease of wheat caused by the fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum, when wet, rainy conditions occur during anthesis. However, it is unclear whether rainfall directly following application affects fungicide efficacy against FHB and its associated toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON). The objective of this study was to determine the rainfastness of the fungicide tebuconazole + prothioconazole and the residual life of tebuconazole when applied to wheat spikes at anthesis in combination with the nonionic surfactant Induce. Three field experiments were conducted during 2012 and 2013 in Wooster, OH. Simulated rainfall of a fixed intensity and duration was applied to separate plots at five different times after the fungicide treatment (0, 60, 105, 150, or 195 min). Spike samples were collected at 4-day intervals after fungicide application and assayed for tebuconazole residue. A similar set of greenhouse experiments was conducted using six post-fungicide-application rainfall timing treatments (0, 15, 30, 60, 120, or 180 min). All experiments were inoculated at anthesis with spores of E graminearum, and FHB index (IND) and DON were quantified. In four of the five experiments, all fungicide-treated experimental units (EUs) had significantly lower mean IND and DON than the untreated check, regardless of rainfall treatment. Among rainfall treatments, EUs that received the earliest rains after fungicide application tended to have the highest numerical mean IND and DON, but were generally not significantly different from EUs that received later rain or fungicide without rain. In both years, fungicide residue on wheat spikes decreased rapidly with time after application, but the rate of reduction varied somewhat between years, with a half-life of 6 to 9 days. Rainfall treatment did not have a significant effect on the rate of residue reduction or the level of residue at a fixed sampling time after fungicide application. In this study, tebuconazole + prothioconazole mixed with a nonionic surfactant was fairly rainfast for a fixed set of rainfall characteristics, and tebuconazole residue did not persist very long after application on wheat spikes. C1 [Andersen, K. F.; Madden, L. V.; Paul, P. A.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Morris, L.; Derksen, R. C.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Paul, PA (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Plant Pathol, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM paul.661@osu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture through the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative [59-0206-9-071]; Ohio Small Grains Marketing Program FX This investigation is based upon work partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture through the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative (Agreement no. 59-0206-9-071) and the Ohio Small Grains Marketing Program. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the United States Department of Agriculture. Salaries and research support for K. F. Andersen, P. A. Paul, and L. V. Madden were provided by state and federal funds to the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center. Special thanks to K. Davies, J. Engle, K. Willyerd, D. D'Angelo, J. D. Salgado, W. Bardall, R. Barry, and J. Heller for assisting with establishment, maintenance, and harvest of research plots and treatment application, and to M. Wolboldt and J. Barnett for assisting with fungicide residue analysis. Special thanks for D. Hershman from the University of Kentucky for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript, and to S. Isard from Pennsylvania State University and N. Nufault from the University of Florida for insightful suggestions while designing the rainfall simulators. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 26 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1398 EP 1406 DI 10.1094/PDIS-01-14-0092-RE PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100014 ER PT J AU Dutta, B Ingram, T Gitaitis, RD Langston, DB Brenneman, T Webster, TM Davis, RF AF Dutta, B. Ingram, T. Gitaitis, R. D. Langston, D. B. Brenneman, T. Webster, T. M. Davis, R. F. TI First Report of Bacterial Blight of Sugar Beet Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata in Georgia, USA. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Dutta, B.; Ingram, T.; Gitaitis, R. D.; Langston, D. B.; Brenneman, T.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Webster, T. M.; Davis, R. F.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Dutta, B (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1423 EP 1423 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-14-0235-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100018 ER PT J AU Tahzima, R Maes, M Achbani, EH Swisher, KD Munyaneza, JE De Jonghe, K AF Tahzima, R. Maes, M. Achbani, E. H. Swisher, K. D. Munyaneza, J. E. De Jonghe, K. TI First Report of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' on Carrot in Africa SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Tahzima, R.; Maes, M.] Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, Plant Sci Unit, Virol Lab, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. [Achbani, E. H.] Natl Inst Agr Res INRA, Lab Phytobacteriol, Meknes, Morocco. [Swisher, K. D.; Munyaneza, J. E.] ARS, USDA, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [De Jonghe, K.] ILVO, Plant Sci Unit, Virol Lab, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. RP Tahzima, R (reprint author), Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, Plant Sci Unit, Virol Lab, Burg Van Gansberghelaan, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. NR 5 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1426 EP 1426 DI 10.1094/PDIS-05-14-0509-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100026 ER PT J AU Vico, I Gaskins, V Duduk, N Vasic, M Yu, JJ Peter, KA Jurick, WM AF Vico, I. Gaskins, V. Duduk, N. Vasic, Miljan Yu, J. J. Peter, K. A. Jurick, W. M., II TI First Report of Penicillium crustosum Causing Blue Mold on Stored Apple Fruit in Serbia SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Vico, I.; Duduk, N.; Vasic, Miljan] Univ Belgrade, Fac Agr, Inst Phytomed, Dept Plant Pathol, Belgrade 11080, Serbia. [Gaskins, V.; Yu, J. J.; Jurick, W. M., II] ARS, USDA, Food Qual Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Peter, K. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Environm Microbiol, Fruit Res & Extens Ctr, Bigerlville, PA 17307 USA. RP Vico, I (reprint author), Univ Belgrade, Fac Agr, Inst Phytomed, Dept Plant Pathol, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade 11080, Serbia. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1430 EP 1430 DI 10.1094/PDIS-02-14-0179-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100036 ER PT J AU Yaghmour, MA Nguyen, TL Roubtsova, TV Hasey, JK Fichtner, EJ DeBuse, C Seybold, SJ Bostock, RM AF Yaghmour, M. A. Nguyen, T. L. Roubtsova, T. V. Hasey, J. K. Fichtner, E. J. DeBuse, C. Seybold, S. J. Bostock, R. M. TI First Report of Geosmithia morbida on English Walnut and its Paradox Rootstock in California SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Yaghmour, M. A.; Nguyen, T. L.; Roubtsova, T. V.; Bostock, R. M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hasey, J. K.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Yuba City, CA 95991 USA. [Fichtner, E. J.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Tulare, CA 93274 USA. [DeBuse, C.] USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Seybold, S. J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Yaghmour, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1441 EP 1441 DI 10.1094/PDIS-06-14-0569-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100066 ER PT J AU Henderson, DC Reinsel, MD Fischer, KF Hammond, J AF Henderson, D. C. Reinsel, M. D. Fischer, K. F. Hammond, J. TI First Detection of Ligustrum necrotic ringspot virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, and Alternanthera mosaic virus in Mazus reptans in the United States SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID RT-PCR DETECTION; IDENTIFICATION C1 [Henderson, D. C.; Reinsel, M. D.; Hammond, J.] ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, USNA, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fischer, K. F.] Univ Utah, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. RP Henderson, DC (reprint author), ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, USNA, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1446 EP 1446 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-14-0227-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100078 ER PT J AU Li, YY Wang, CL Xiang, D Li, RH Liu, Y Li, F AF Li, Y. Y. Wang, C. L. Xiang, D. Li, R. H. Liu, Y. Li, F. TI First Report of Tomato mottle mosaic virus Infection of Pepper in China SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Li, Y. Y.; Li, F.] Yunnan Agr Univ, China Educ Minist, Key Lab Agr Biodivers Pest Management, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Wang, C. L.] Tibet Acad Agr & Anim Husb Sci, Agr Res Inst, Lhasa 850000, Peoples R China. [Xiang, D.] Tibet Acad Agr & Anim Husb Sci, Vegetable Res Inst, Lhasa 850032, Peoples R China. [Li, R. H.] ARS, USDA, Natl Germplasm Resources Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Y.] Hunan Acad Agricultual Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Changsha 410125, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP Li, YY (reprint author), Yunnan Agr Univ, China Educ Minist, Key Lab Agr Biodivers Pest Management, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1447 EP 1447 DI 10.1094/PDIS-03-14-0317-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100082 ER PT J AU Wintermantel, WM Bachinsky, D AF Wintermantel, W. M. Bachinsky, D. TI First Report of Moroccan pepper virus in Association with Yellows on Escarole in the United States and the World SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID LETTUCE C1 [Wintermantel, W. M.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA 93950 USA. [Bachinsky, D.] Crop Prod Serv, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA. RP Wintermantel, WM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1636 East Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93950 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 EI 1943-7692 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 98 IS 10 BP 1448 EP 1448 DI 10.1094/PDIS-04-14-0394-PDN PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP1AP UT WOS:000341799100084 ER PT J AU Liu, YL Thibodeaux, D Gamble, G Rodgers, J AF Liu, Yongliang Thibodeaux, Devron Gamble, Gary Rodgers, James TI Preliminary study of relating cotton fiber tenacity and elongation with crystallinity SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE fiber tenacity; fiber elongation; Stelometer; fiber crystallinity index; Pima cottons; Upland cottons; FTIR spectroscopy; ATR ID SPECTROSCOPY; STRENGTH AB A fundamental understanding of the relationship between cotton fiber strength (or tenacity)/elongation and structure is important to help cotton breeders modify varieties for enhanced end-use qualities. In this study, the Stelometer instrument was used to measure the bundle fiber tenacity and elongation properties of different cotton fibers. This instrument is the traditional fiber strength reference method and could be still preferred as a screening tool owing to its significant low cost and portability. Fiber crystallinity (CIIR) and maturity (M-IR) were characterized by the previously proposed attenuated total reflection (ATR)-based Fourier transform infrared protocol that has microsampling capability and is suitable for the tiny Stelometer breakage specimens (2 similar to 5 mg), which cannot be readily analyzed by a conventional X-ray diffraction pattern. Relative to the distinctive increase in fiber tenacity with either CIIR or M-IR for Pima fibers (Gossypium barbadense), there was an unclear trend between the two for Upland fibers (G. hirsutum). Although fiber elongation increases with elevated CIIR and M-IR for Pima fibers, it generally decreases as CIIR and M-IR increase for Upland fibers. Furthermore, small sets of Upland fibers with known varieties and growth areas were examined, and their responses to both CIIR and M-IR are discussed briefly. C1 [Liu, Yongliang; Rodgers, James] ARS, Cotton Struct & Qual Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Liu, Yongliang; Thibodeaux, Devron] ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Thibodeaux, Devron] Fiber Phys LLC, New Orleans, LA USA. [Gamble, Gary] ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Liu, YL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM yongliang.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 84 IS 17 BP 1829 EP 1839 DI 10.1177/0040517513509871 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AP7BW UT WOS:000342233700004 ER PT J AU Chen, CX Bock, CH Okie, WR Gmitter, FG Jung, S Main, D Beckman, TG Wood, BW AF Chen, Chunxian Bock, Clive H. Okie, William R. Gmitter, Fred G., Jr. Jung, Sook Main, Dorrie Beckman, Tom G. Wood, Bruce W. TI Genome-wide characterization and selection of expressed sequence tag simple sequence repeat primers for optimized marker distribution and reliability in peach SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Microsatellite; Short tandem repeat (STR); Marker-assisted selection (MAS); Variety authentication; Reference genome ID GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; SHORT LIFE SYNDROME; EST-SSR MARKERS; PRUNUS-PERSICA; ROSACEAE GENOMICS; DATABASE; HETEROZYGOSITY; CITRUS; MICROSATELLITES; IDENTIFICATION AB Simple sequence repeats (SSR) in Prunus expressed sequence tags (EST) were mined, and flanking primers designed and used for genome-wide characterization and selection of primers to optimize marker distribution and reliability in peach. A total of 4,770 and 9,029 SSRs were identified from 12,618 contigs and 34,238 singlets, from which 3,695 and 6,849 primers were designed, respectively. Alignment of the 10,544 forward and reverse primer sequences (21,088 queries) against the peach reference genome at 9e-03 resulted in 23,553 hits (96,621 alignments) with 16,885 queries, and "no hits found" (NHF) for the remaining 4,203 queries. A majority of aligned primers had only one hit/alignment on the peach scaffolds, and the distribution of the 5,500 singly aligned primers (pairs) on each 500-kb genome interval was determined. The average number of ESR-SSR primers per 500-kb interval was 10.8. The primers were categorized into eight subgroups based on the difference between the genome amplicon size and expressed amplicon size of each primer, with 288 primers of optimized distribution and reliability selected for genotype evaluation. Only 2 of the 288 primers failed in all 4 peach cultivars screened, with an overall successful primer/sample rate of 97.2 %. The average number of alleles detected in the four cultivars was 3.84. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values suggested that a majority of the 288 primers had a high rate of allele polymorphism among the four peach cultivars. The advantages of genome-wide analysis of EST-SSR primers and options to improve the polymorphism rate are discussed. C1 [Chen, Chunxian; Bock, Clive H.; Okie, William R.; Beckman, Tom G.; Wood, Bruce W.] ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Gmitter, Fred G., Jr.] Univ Florida, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Jung, Sook; Main, Dorrie] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Chen, CX (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEFTNRL, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM Chunxian.Chen@ars.usda.gov FU USDA National Program of Plant Genetic Resources, Genomics and Genetic Improvement [6606-21000-004-006]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2009-51181- 06036] FX The authors thank Bryan Blackburn, Luke Quick, and Minling Zhang for their technical assistance. The research is partially supported by the USDA National Program of Plant Genetic Resources, Genomics and Genetic Improvement (Project number 6606-21000-004-006) and an USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Research Initiative project (2009-51181- 06036). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 26 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD OCT PY 2014 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1271 EP 1279 DI 10.1007/s11295-014-0759-4 PG 9 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA AP7AE UT WOS:000342229000014 ER PT J AU Chavez, DJ Beckman, TG Werner, DJ Chaparro, JX AF Chavez, Dario J. Beckman, Thomas G. Werner, Dennis J. Chaparro, Jose X. TI Genetic diversity in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] at the University of Florida: past, present and future SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Population structure; Loci under selection; Stone fruit; Breeding; Genetics; Low chill ID REPEAT SSR MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; AGRONOMIC TRAITS; RAPD MARKERS; SWEET CHERRY; QTL ANALYSIS; SELECTION; LOCI AB The University of Florida (UF) stone fruit breeding and genetics program was created in 1952 to develop early ripening stone fruit cultivars with high quality, adaptation to summer rainfall, low chilling requirements, and the ability to withstand high disease pressure. Diverse germplasm sources were used to introduce desirable traits in UF breeding pool. The main objective of this research was to determine the genetic diversity and population structure of the breeding germplasm, and to search for loci under selection. A total of 195 peach genotypes were used: UF cultivars and advanced selections (n = 168), cultivars and selections from the UF-UGA-USDA joint breeding effort (n = 13), landrace cultivars (n = 4), high-chilling cultivars released by NCSU (n = 5), and related Prunus (n = 5) species. A total of 36 SSR markers distributed across the peach genome amplified 423 alleles. An average of 18 genotypes were detected per marker: A (number of observed alleles) of 11.43, Ae (effective number of alleles) of 2.58, Ho (observed heterozygosity) of 0.4, He (expected heterozygosity) of 0.52, F (Wright's fixation index) of 0.25, and PIC (polymorphism information content) of 0.48. UPGMA cluster analysis based on Nei's genetic distance represented best the known pedigree information for the germplasm pools. Two major groups were observed across the germplasm corresponding to melting and non-melting flesh cultivars/selections. Population structure results supported these two major groups. Several loci closely located to genome regions where different phenotypic traits have been previously mapped were detected to be under selection. C1 [Chavez, Dario J.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Beckman, Thomas G.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Werner, Dennis J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Chaparro, Jose X.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Chavez, DJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Hort, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM dchavez@uga.edu NR 91 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 33 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD OCT PY 2014 VL 10 IS 5 BP 1399 EP 1417 DI 10.1007/s11295-014-0769-2 PG 19 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA AP7AE UT WOS:000342229000023 ER PT J AU Tseng, M Fratamico, PM Bagi, L Delannoy, S Fach, P Manning, SD Funka, JA AF Tseng, Marion Fratamico, Pina M. Bagi, Lori Delannoy, Sabine Fach, Patrick Manning, Shannon D. Funka, Julie A. TI Diverse Virulence Gene Content of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from Finishing Swine SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; ENTEROCYTE EFFACEMENT; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; HEMORRHAGIC COLITIS; UNITED-STATES; DIFFUSE ADHERENCE; HEALTHY CATTLE; EDEMA DISEASE; AIDA-I AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infections are a critical public health concern because they can cause severe clinical outcomes, such as hemolytic uremic syndrome, in humans. Determining the presence or absence of virulence genes is essential in assessing the potential pathogenicity of STEC strains. Currently, there is limited information about the virulence genes carried by swine STEC strains; therefore, this study was conducted to examine the presence and absence of 69 virulence genes in STEC strains recovered previously from finishing swine in a longitudinal study. A subset of STEC strains was analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to examine their genetic relatedness. Swine STEC strains (n = 150) were analyzed by the use of a high-throughput real-time PCR array system, which included 69 virulence gene targets. Three major pathotypes consisted of 16 different combinations of virulence gene profiles, and serotypes were determined in the swine STEC strains. The majority of the swine STEC strains (n = 120) belonged to serotype O59:H21 and carried the same virulence gene profile, which consisted of 9 virulence genes: stx(2e), iha, ecs1763, lpfA(O113), estIa (STa), ehaA, paa, terE, and ureD. The eae, nleF, and nleH1-2 genes were detected in one swine STEC strain (O49:H21). Other genes encoding adhesins, including iha, were identified (n = 149). The PFGE results demonstrated that swine STEC strains from pigs raised in the same finishing barn were closely related. Our results revealed diverse virulence gene contents among the members of the swine STEC population and enhance understanding of the dynamics of transmission of STEC strains among pigs housed in the same barn. C1 [Tseng, Marion; Funka, Julie A.] Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Fratamico, Pina M.; Bagi, Lori] Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA USA. [Delannoy, Sabine; Fach, Patrick] Anses French Agcy Food Environm & Occupat Hlth &, Food Safety Lab, Maisons Alfort, France. [Manning, Shannon D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Tseng, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Vet Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM marionkttseng@gmail.com OI Manning, Shannon/0000-0001-9581-0660 FU National Pork Board [12-069]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2013-67005-21189]; French "joint ministerial program of R&D against CBRNE risks" FX The work was supported by the National Pork Board (grant number 12-069) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (award number 2013-67005-21189). The PCR microarray development was partially financed by the French "joint ministerial program of R&D against CBRNE risks." NR 73 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 80 IS 20 BP 6395 EP 6402 DI 10.1128/AEM.01761-14 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AP2IJ UT WOS:000341895600014 PM 25107960 ER PT J AU Piya, S Nepal, MP Butler, JL Larson, GE Neupane, A AF Piya, Sarbottam Nepal, Madhav P. Butler, Jack L. Larson, Gary E. Neupane, Achal TI Genetic diversity and population structure of sickleweed (Falcaria vulgaris; Apiaceae) in the upper Midwest USA SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Chlorotypes; Falcaria vulgaris; Microsatellite; Polyploidy; trnL-trnF; trnQ-rps16 ID CHLOROPLAST-DNA; MULTIPLE INTRODUCTIONS; SUBDIVIDED POPULATIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; INTRODUCTION HISTORY; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; NONCODING REGIONS; UNITED-STATES; NON-NATIVES; SOFTWARE AB Sickleweed (Falcaria vulgaris), an introduced species native to Europe and Asia, grows as an aggressive weed in some areas of the upper Midwest in the United States. We are reporting genetic diversity and population structure of sickleweed populations using microsatellite markers and nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences. Populations showed high genetic differentiation but did not show significant geographic structure, suggesting random establishment of different genotypes at different sites was likely due to human mediated multiple introductions. Three genetic clusters revealed by microsatellite data and presence of six chlorotypes supported our hypothesis of multiple introductions. Chloroplast DNA sequence data revealed six chlorotypes nested into two main lineages suggesting at least two introductions of sickleweed in the upper Midwest. Some individuals exhibited more than two alleles at several microsatellite loci suggesting occurrence of polyploidy, which could be a post-introduction development to mitigate the inbreeding effects. High genetic variation in the introduced range attributable to multiple introductions and polyploidy may be inducing the evolution of invasiveness in sickleweed. Results of this study provide valuable insights into the evolution of sickleweed and baseline data for designing proper management practices for controlling sickleweed in the United States. C1 [Piya, Sarbottam; Nepal, Madhav P.; Neupane, Achal] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Butler, Jack L.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA. [Larson, Gary E.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Nepal, MP (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM Madhav.Nepal@sdstate.edu FU SDSU Department of Biology and Microbiology; US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Rapid City, SD FX This study was supported by faculty startup fund to MPN from SDSU Department of Biology and Microbiology and in part by the US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Rapid City, SD. Nepal lab alumni Sajag Adhikary, Spencer Schreier and Kenton MacArthur provided lab work assistance and useful discussion on the manuscript. We thank Carol Erickson, Teresa Y. Harris and Ryan Frickel for field assistance. NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD OCT PY 2014 VL 16 IS 10 BP 2115 EP 2125 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0651-z PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP0VC UT WOS:000341782600008 ER PT J AU Gaskin, JF Schwarzlander, M Grevstad, FS Haverhals, MA Bourchier, RS Miller, TW AF Gaskin, John F. Schwarzlaender, Mark Grevstad, Fritzi S. Haverhals, Marijka A. Bourchier, Robert S. Miller, Timothy W. TI Extreme differences in population structure and genetic diversity for three invasive congeners: knotweeds in western North America SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE AFLP; Bohemian knotweed; Fallopia; Giant knotweed; Invasion; Japanese knotweed ID FALLOPIA POLYGONACEAE COMPLEX; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; JAPANESE KNOTWEED; SEXUAL REPRODUCTION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; APHALARA-ITADORI; UNITED-STATES; AFLP ANALYSIS; JAPONICA AB Japanese, giant, and the hybrid Bohemian knotweeds (Fallopia japonica, F. sachalinensis and F. x bohemica) have invaded the western USA and Canada, as well as other regions of the world. The distribution of these taxa in western North America, and their mode of invasion, is relatively unresolved. Using amplified fragment length polymorphisms of 858 plants from 131 populations from British Columbia to California to South Dakota, we determined that Bohemian knotweed was the most common taxon (71 % of all plants). This result is in contrast to earlier reports of F. x bohemica being uncommon or non-existent in the USA, and also differs from the European invasion where it is rarer. Japanese knotweed was monotypic, while giant knotweed and Bohemian knotweed were genetically diverse. Our genetic data suggest that Japanese knotweed in western North America spreads exclusively by vegetative reproduction. Giant knotweed populations were mostly monotypic, with most containing distinct genotypes, suggesting local spread by vegetative propagules, whereas Bohemian knotweed spreads by both seed and vegetative propagules, over both long and short distances. The high relative abundance and genetic diversity of Bohemian knotweed make it a priority for control in North America. C1 [Gaskin, John F.] USDA ARS, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Schwarzlaender, Mark; Haverhals, Marijka A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Grevstad, Fritzi S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bourchier, Robert S.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada. [Miller, Timothy W.] Washington State Univ, Northwestern Washington Res & Extens Ctr, Mt Vernon, WA 98273 USA. RP Gaskin, JF (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM john.gaskin@ars.usda.gov FU Bureau of Land Management (Montana, South and North Dakota) Billings Office FX This research was made possible in part by funding from the Bureau of Land Management (Montana, South and North Dakota) Billings Office. Thanks to K. Mann and J. Lassey for generating AFLP data. Thanks to our many collectors (listed in "Appendix 1" in Supplementary material) for sending in population collections of knotweed, to J. Andreas for assisting in recruitment of collectors in Oregon and Washington, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful suggestions. NR 51 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 62 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD OCT PY 2014 VL 16 IS 10 BP 2127 EP 2136 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0652-y PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP0VC UT WOS:000341782600009 ER PT J AU Lucardi, RD Wallace, LE Ervin, GN AF Lucardi, Rima D. Wallace, Lisa E. Ervin, Gary N. TI Evaluating hybridization as a potential facilitator of successful cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) invasion in Florida, USA SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE AFLP; Genetic diversity; Grasses; Hybridization; Invasive species; Poaceae ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; SPARTINA POACEAE; UNITED-STATES; SOIL TYPE; AFLP; POPULATIONS; SPECIATION; EVOLUTION; PLANTS; ANDROPOGONEAE AB Interspecific hybridization is cited as one potential mechanism for increased invasiveness, particularly among some grass species. In the southeastern United States, the successful invasion of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) has sometimes been attributed to hybridization with the previously naturalized Imperata brasiliensis. This research aimed to determine whether genetic signals are consistent with these two species having experienced interspecific hybridization in Florida (USA), where it has been proposed that such an event facilitated cogongrass invasion across the region. Individuals of invasive I. cylindrica populations (n = 66) were sampled broadly from the state, and I. brasiliensis (n = 63) individuals were sampled from expertly identified and vouchered populations in Miami-Dade County. Genetic analysis utilized amplified fragment length polymorphisms in sampled individuals, and failed to detect significant genetic differentiation between the two species. Analysis of molecular variance partitioned the majority of detected variation within populations (86 %), while only 8 % was significantly partitioned between I. cylindrica and I. brasiliensis (F-ST = 0.135, P < 0.001). Both STRUCTURE analysis and principal coordinates analysis strongly indicated the presence of a single genetic group across the sampled populations. Hybrid analysis furthermore failed to support interspecific hybridization. Florida populations thus are suggested to share genetic parent material(s) and/or have experienced substantial admixture across the state. Therefore, this study suggests Imperata populations in South Florida that are currently considered to be I. brasiliensis are not genetically distinct from I. cylindrica, and regional cogongrass invasion likely was not facilitated by previously postulated interspecific hybridization. C1 [Lucardi, Rima D.; Wallace, Lisa E.; Ervin, Gary N.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Lucardi, RD (reprint author), USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forest Serv, 320 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM rlucardi@fs.fed.us FU United States Geological Survey Biological Resources Discipline [04HQAG0135]; United States Department of Agriculture [2006-03613, 2008-35320-18679] FX We extend our sincere appreciation to Chris Matson and Debi Tharp, at the Disney Wilderness Preserve of The Nature Conservancy, and Keith Bradley, of the Institute for Regional Conservation, for their assistance with sampling tissues. We thank B.A. Counterman, D.C. Outlaw (Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University), C.T. Bryson (retired, U.S. Department of Agriculture -Agriculture Research Service, Stoneville, MS), and Jake Walker (Arkansas Research Center) for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful critiques of an earlier version of this manuscript. This research was supported in part by grants from the United States Geological Survey Biological Resources Discipline (#04HQAG0135) and the United States Department of Agriculture (2006-03613 and 2008-35320-18679) to GNE. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD OCT PY 2014 VL 16 IS 10 BP 2147 EP 2161 DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0654-9 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP0VC UT WOS:000341782600011 ER PT J AU Han, BY Wang, MX Zheng, YC Niu, YQ Pan, C Cui, L Chauhan, KR Zhang, QH AF Han, Bao-Yu Wang, Meng-Xin Zheng, Ying-Cha Niu, Yu-Qun Pan, Cheng Cui, Lin Chauhan, Kamlesh R. Zhang, Qing-He TI Sex pheromone of the tea aphid, Toxoptera aurantii (Boyer de Fonscolombe) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) SO CHEMOECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone; (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol; Tea plant; GC-MS; Aeration; Attractant; Trap; Monitoring ID PHORODON-HUMULI HOMOPTERA; NATURAL ENEMIES; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; CHEMICAL ECOLOGY; CHRYSOPA-SPP.; POTATO APHID; ATTRACTION; VOLATILES; FIELD; SEMIOCHEMICALS AB The tea aphid, Toxoptera aurantii, also called the "black citrus aphid", is one of the most destructive insect pests in commercial tea plantations and gardens in southern China. In autumn, declining day length triggers production of winged T. aurantii sexuparae, which produce both winged males and wingless oviparae. Oviparous females then release sex pheromone that attracts potential mates. GC-MS analysis of volatile headspace extracts of T. aurantii oviparae revealed that they emit (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone (I) and (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol (II) in a ratio of 4.3-4.9:1. Field-trapping experiments with synthetic I and II singly or as two-component blends of different doses and ratios showed significant attraction of T. aurantii males, as well as weak attraction of sexuparae. Identification of the T. aurantii sex pheromone provides a new opportunity for developing a pheromone-based monitoring and management strategy for the sexual phase of tea aphids and, possibly, the alate sexparous generation in late summer and fall. C1 [Han, Bao-Yu; Wang, Meng-Xin; Zheng, Ying-Cha; Niu, Yu-Qun; Pan, Cheng; Cui, Lin] China Jiliang Univ, Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Biometrol & Inspect & Quara, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Chauhan, Kamlesh R.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Zhang, Qing-He] Sterling Int Inc, Spokane, WA 99216 USA. RP Zhang, QH (reprint author), Sterling Int Inc, 3808 N Sullivan Rd,Bldg 16, Spokane, WA 99216 USA. EM qing-he@rescue.com FU Research Foundation of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China [20130432B10]; Solidaridad Foundation of the Netherland [SOL 2010/714] FX This research was supported by a Grant (20130432B10) from the Research Foundation of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China, and a Grant (SOL 2010/714) from Solidaridad Foundation of the Netherland. We thank Dr. Jeffrey Aldrich (Jeffrey R. Aldrich consulting, LLC, Santa Cruz, CA) for valuable comments and suggestions on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 30 PU SPRINGER BASEL AG PI BASEL PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND SN 0937-7409 EI 1423-0445 J9 CHEMOECOLOGY JI Chemoecology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 5 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1007/s00049-014-0161-6 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP0VT UT WOS:000341784700002 ER PT J AU Gottwald, TR Hall, DG Kriss, AB Salinas, EJ Parker, PE Beattie, GAC Nguyen, MC AF Gottwald, T. R. Hall, D. G. Kriss, A. B. Salinas, E. J. Parker, P. E. Beattie, G. A. C. Nguyen, M. C. TI Orchard and nursery dynamics of the effect of interplanting citrus with guava for huanglongbing, vector, and disease management SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Citrus greening; Diaphorina citri; Disease progress; Survival analysis ID GREENING DISEASE; PSIDIUM-GUAJAVA; ESSENTIAL OILS; KUWAYAMA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PSYLLIDAE; VOLATILES; DIVERSITY; BIOLOGY; PEST AB The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is an important pest of citrus in the United States of America primarily because it vectors 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', the bacterium putatively responsible for Asiatic huanglongbing (HLB). Asiatic HLB is considered one of the most serious diseases of citrus. In the United States where Asiatic HLB was first found in the state of Florida, vector control is considered an essential component to mitigate pathogen infection and spread of the disease. Therefore commercial citrus growers in Florida have adopted intensive insecticide programs to manage psyllid populations. However, the repetitive use of insecticides for ACP control is expensive and interferes with biological control of ACP and other citrus pests. As an alternative to insecticides, reports from Vietnam indicated that infestations of ACP in citrus (and consequently incidence of HLB) were reduced when citrus was interplanted with white guava, Psidium guajava L Speculations were that guava volatiles reduced ACP infestations in citrus by either repelling ACP or interfering with ACP ability to locate and infest citrus grown next to guava. We present the results of two studies conducted in Florida (where both ACP and HLB occur) to assess ACP infestations and HLB incidence in citrus interplanted with either white or pink guava compared to infestations and disease incidence in citrus grown as a monoculture, both in orchards and nurseries. In the field study, the effect of guava on ACP infestations was assessed alone and in combination with insecticide or oil applications. Significant reductions in ACP infestations in citrus interplanted with pink guava were identified, but there was no reduction in citrus interplanted with white guava. The effect of pink guava on ACP infestations could be investigated further. However, intercropping citrus with either white or pink guava did not prevent the introduction and spread of HLB. Conclusions from field studies regarding guava as a management tactic against ACP were difficult to make due to persistent nematode problems and freeze damage to guava, which could have interfered with the production of guava volatiles responsible for deterring ACP infestations. Conversely, citrus nursery trees interspersed with guava did show reduced HLB incidence and disease progression over time. However, vector and disease reduction resulting from guava intercropping in citrus nurseries was not adequate to recommend it as a management strategy. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gottwald, T. R.; Hall, D. G.; Kriss, A. B.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Salinas, E. J.; Parker, P. E.] USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST, Mission Lab, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Beattie, G. A. C.] Univ Western Sydney, Ctr Food & Plant Sci, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia. [Nguyen, M. C.] Southern Hort Res Inst, My Tho, Tien Clang, Vietnam. RP Gottwald, TR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 South Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM tim.gottwald@ars.usda.gov; david.hall@ars.usda.gov; alissa.kriss@ars.usda.gov; elma.j.salinas@aphis.usda.gov; a.beattie@uws.edu.au; mch@hcm.vnn.vn FU Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation FX This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. This research was in-part sponsored by the Florida Citrus Research and Development Foundation. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 BP 93 EP 103 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.06.009 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6NY UT WOS:000341470000013 ER PT J AU Dugan, FM Lupien, SL Vahling-Armstrong, CM Chastagner, GA Schroeder, BK AF Dugan, F. M. Lupien, S. L. Vahling-Armstrong, C. M. Chastagner, G. A. Schroeder, B. K. TI Host ranges of North American isolates of Penicillium causing blue mold of bulb crops SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Bulbs; Cloves; Corms; Corymbifera; Decay; Rot ID STORAGE ROT; SUBGENUS PENICILLIUM; SER.-CORYMBIFERA; VEGETABLE BULBS; AGENTS; IDENTIFICATION; PATHOGENICITY; FLOWER AB Single isolates of four Penicillium species belonging to Series Corymbifera (Penicillium allii, Penicillium hirsutum, Penicillium tulipae, Penicillium venetum) plus an isolate of Penicillium polonicum, all from North American sources, were inoculated individually into Crocus sativus (crocus), Allium sativum (garlic), Allium cepa (onion), Allium stipitatum (ornamental onion), Iris hollandica (iris), Ornithogalum umbellatum (grass lily), and varieties of Gladiolus (gladiolus), Tulipa (tulip) and Narcissus (daffodil). All isolates were pathogenic to garlic and onion (but none to ornamental onion), and all but P. polonicum to Tulipa, although virulence varied considerably. Additionally, P. hirsutum was pathogenic to Crocus, Gladiolus and Iris; P. tulipae to Narcissus, Crocus, Ornithogalum and Iris; R venetum to Gladiolus, Ornithogalum and Iris; and P. polonicum to Iris. Nomenclature and taxonomy of series Corymbifera are summarized, the above results compared to similar investigations in Europe, and management implications provided. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dugan, F. M.; Lupien, S. L.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Vahling-Armstrong, C. M.; Chastagner, G. A.; Schroeder, B. K.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Dugan, FM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM fdugan@wsu.edu OI Schroeder, Brenda/0000-0003-1518-6269 FU USDA Western Region Integrated Pest Management Competitive Grants Program [2010-01193]; USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2010-01193] FX The authors thank Lindsey du Toit for provision of the isolate of Penicillium polonicum. We thank Lindsey and Martin Chilvers for constructive comments on the manuscript, Barbara Hellier for provision of host material, and Donna Ayling and Ellen Johnston for technical assistance. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project from the USDA Western Region Integrated Pest Management Competitive Grants Program (2010-01193), and USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative No. 2010-01193. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.06.013 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6NY UT WOS:000341470000018 ER PT J AU Babu, A Cook, DR Caprio, MA Allen, KC Musser, FR AF Babu, Arun Cook, Donald R. Caprio, Michael A. Allen, K. Clint Musser, Fred R. TI Prevalence of Helicoverpa zea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on late season volunteer corn in Mississippi: Implications on Bt resistance management SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; Insect resistance management; Growing degree days; Bt corn ID FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; INSECT RESISTANCE; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SEED MIXTURES; CROPS; ADAPTATION; EMERGENCE; SINGLE AB The southern United States has a long growing period between corn, Zea mays L, harvest and first winter frost, so volunteer corn which germinates after harvest has a growing period sufficient for corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda U. E. Smith) to feed on these plants. However, lower air temperatures can limit larval development on late season volunteer corn and thereby successful pupation. Here we explore the suitability of late season volunteer corn for larval development and the potential contribution of H. zea larvae to the overwintering population. Our survey revealed the occurrence of volunteer corn in high densities, with monthly mean densities ranging from 56,000 to 143,000 plants ha(-1). H. zea larvae were found feeding on both vegetative and reproductive stage plants while S. frugiperda were only found on vegetative stage plants. An analysis of H. zea growing degree day (GOD) accumulations based on Mississippi weather data from 1980 to 2010 revealed that sufficient GDD to reach prepupation would always be accumulated before first frost if oviposition occurred by 9 September, with the probability of successful pupation decreasing rapidly thereafter. However, most of the H. zea larvae were oviposited after this, and could not reach pupation. Because S. frugiperda cannot overwinter in Mississippi, their ability to pupate was not examined. Low suitability of whorl stage corn for H. zea development coupled with low larval densities during this stage effectively diminish the number of larvae that complete development on late season volunteer transgenic corn expressing genes from the soil bacterium, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). This limits the Bt resistance risk posed by larvae developing on late season volunteer corn in all but the most southern locations in the US. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Babu, Arun; Caprio, Michael A.; Musser, Fred R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Cook, Donald R.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Allen, K. Clint] USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Musser, FR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol Entomol & Plant Pathol, 100 Old Hwy 12, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM fm61@msstate.edu FU USDA-ARS-SCA [58-6402-8-274] FX We thank all who helped during this study including Kathy S. Knighten, Teresa Ziegelmann, Nathan Blount, Jesse Ryals, Daniel Fleming, Hardy McGonagill, Lauren Sanders, Justin Allard, and Will McKinzie for assisting with insect rearing, field plot maintenance, and survey data collection. Partial funding of this research was provided by USDA-ARS-SCA Grant 58-6402-8-274. This article was approved for publication as journal article J-12530 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 EI 1873-6904 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 64 BP 207 EP 214 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2014.06.005 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6NY UT WOS:000341470000027 ER PT J AU Peterson, DP Rieman, BE Horan, DL Young, MK AF Peterson, Douglas P. Rieman, Bruce E. Horan, Dona L. Young, Michael K. TI Patch size but not short-term isolation influences occurrence of westslope cutthroat trout above human-made barriers SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH LA English DT Article DE Cutthroat trout; isolation; occurrence; patch size; persistence; habitat quality ID ISOLATED SALMONID POPULATIONS; ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKII-LEWISI; STREAM-DWELLING CHARR; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; BULL TROUT; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROOK TROUT; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; HEADWATER STREAMS AB Habitat fragmentation in aquatic systems has led to widespread isolation of stream fishes. Metapopulation theory predicts that persistence is directly related to local patch size and its characteristics, but because these relationships tend to be taxon-specific, empirical data are important. We assembled 246 observations of occurrence of westslope cutthroat trout (WCT), a taxon of concern in the western U. S. and Canada, in stream networks isolated for up to 100 years (median 40 years) above human-made barriers, mostly culverts, at road crossings within U. S. National Forests. We used logistic regression to analyse how WCT occurrence varied with patch size, isolation time and stream-level covariates. Occurrence was positively related to stream length and habitat quality within the isolated stream network and negatively related to elevation and channel gradient. Unexpectedly, the probability of occurrence was not related to how long a habitat patch had been isolated. At the median elevation (1354 m) and channel gradient (14%), and where habitat quality was poor, WCT were likely to occur (probability >0.5) if an isolated stream network was at least 1.7 km. If habitat quality was high, about 0.2 km of habitat produced the same probability. Although there are important limitations, this analysis provides the first empirical estimate for how patch size and patch-level characteristics influence persistence of WCT in isolated stream networks. C1 [Peterson, Douglas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA. [Rieman, Bruce E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Seeley Lake, MT USA. [Horan, Dona L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA. [Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Peterson, DP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. EM doug_peterson@fws.gov FU U.S. Forest Service [06-IA-11221659-097]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Abernathy Fish Technology Center FX J. Gordon, S. Wenger and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved the manuscript. D. Peterson was supported by the U.S. Forest Service (Agreement 06-IA-11221659-097) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Abernathy Fish Technology Center. M. Enk, L. Hawdon, M. Davis, M. Jakober, B. Riggers, S. Gerdes, D. Downing, B. Roberts, J. Mickelson, J. Brammer, R. Brassfield, S. Barndt, B. Gardner, P. Van Eimeren, C. McKenna, P. Murphy, L. Walch, D. Mays, M. Fairchild, S. Dekome, R. Lindahl, C. Baconrind, E. Lider, S. Spaulding and S. Hendrickson of the U. S. Forest Service provided data on fish distributions and barrier installation dates. K. Nixon, Z. Betz, M. Novak, E. Kee, D. Schoen and D. Brewer helped with fieldwork. V. O'Byrne produced the map for Fig. 1. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service or U. S. Forest Service. NR 88 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0906-6691 EI 1600-0633 J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 4 BP 556 EP 571 DI 10.1111/eff.12108 PG 16 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AP1GH UT WOS:000341815400007 ER PT J AU McMaster, GS Ascough, JC Edmunds, DA Wagner, LE Fox, FA DeJonge, KC Hansen, NC AF McMaster, Gregory S. Ascough, James C., II Edmunds, Debora A. Wagner, Larry E. Fox, Fred A. DeJonge, Kendall C. Hansen, Neil C. TI Simulating Unstressed Crop Development and Growth Using the Unified Plant Growth Model (UPGM) SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELING & ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE Seedling emergence; Phenology; Canopy height; Growth stages; Leaf production; Simulation model ID EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM; WATER-LIMITING CONDITIONS; WINTER-WHEAT; PHENOLOGICAL RESPONSES; USE EFFICIENCY; EPIC MODEL; VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT; SOIL CARBON; CORN YIELDS; STEM AREA AB Since initial development of the EPIC model in 1989, the EPIC plant growth component has been incorporated into other erosion and crop management models (e.g., WEPS, WEPP, SWAT, ALMANAC, and GPFARM) and subsequently modified to meet research objectives of the model developers. This has resulted in different versions of the same base plant growth component. The objectives of this study are the following: (1) describe the standalone Unified Plant Growth Model (UPGM), initially derived from the WEPS plant growth model, to be used for merging enhancements from other EPIC-based plant growth models; and (2) describe and evaluate new phenology, seedling emergence, and canopy height sub-models derived from the Phenology Modular Modeling System (PhenologyMMS V1.2) and incorporated into UPGM. A 6-year (2005-2010) irrigated maize (Zea mays L.) study from northeast Colorado was used to calibrate and evaluate UPGM running both the original (i.e., based on WEPS) and new phenology, seedling emergence, and canopy height sub-models. Model statistics indicated the new sub-models usually resulted in better simulation results than the original sub-models. For example when comparing original and new sub-models, respectively, for predicting canopy height, the root mean square error (RMSE) was 53.7 and 40.7 cm, index of agreement (d) was 0.84 and 0.92, relative error (RE) was 26.0 and -1.26 %, and normalized objective function (NOF) was 0.47 and 0.33. The new sub-models predict leaf number (old sub-models do not), with mean values for 4 years of 2.43 leaves (RMSE), 0.78 (d), 18.38 % (RE), and 0.27 (NOF). Simulating grain yield, final above ground biomass, and harvest index showed little difference when running the original or new sub-models. Both the new phenology and seedling emergence sub-models respond to varying water deficits, increasing the robustness of UPGM for more diverse environmental conditions. Future research will continue working to incorporate existing enhancements from other EPIC-based plant growth models to unify them into one model such as multispecies competition and N cycling. C1 [McMaster, Gregory S.; Ascough, James C., II; Edmunds, Debora A.] ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, USDA, NPA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wagner, Larry E.; Fox, Fred A.] ARS, Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, USDA, NPA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [DeJonge, Kendall C.] ARS, Water Management Res Unit, USDA, NPA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Hansen, Neil C.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP McMaster, GS (reprint author), ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, USDA, NPA, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM greg.mcmaster@ars.usda.gov NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1420-2026 EI 1573-2967 J9 ENVIRON MODEL ASSESS JI Environ. Model. Assess. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 19 IS 5 BP 407 EP 424 DI 10.1007/s10666-014-9402-x PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP0VX UT WOS:000341785100005 ER PT J AU Harshman, JM Lewers, KS Jurick, WM Walsh, CS AF Harshman, Julia M. Lewers, Kim S. Jurick, Wayne M., II Walsh, Christopher S. TI Breeding selection efficiency for raspberry postharvest shelf life affected by storage temperature and harvest season SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Floricane; Plant breeding; Postharvest; Primocane; Rubus spp. ID BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; RED RASPBERRY; CULTIVARS; QUALITY AB Improved postharvest quality is an important goal for fresh-market raspberry breeding programs. To determine if warm or cold storage following harvest would better facilitate the breeding selection process for the assessment of postharvest decay and juice leakage, pesticide-free fruit from cultivars and breeding selections of red, yellow, purple, and black raspberries were stored at two temperatures. Following storage fruits were examined for decay and juice leakage rate at room-temperature (25 A degrees C) and at a cooler temperature (5 A degrees C). The rate of decay was much faster in room-temperature storage than in cooler storage; however, classification of genotypes as parents or discards was not always in agreement between these two temperatures. This suggests that a breeder should determine whether room-temperature storage or cooler storage more closely resembles the postharvest environment for the targeted growers. For many leakage rate comparisons, there was no advantage from either storage temperature. However, when an advantage was evident, cold storage evaluation identified a greater number of classes comparing black raspberry and purple raspberry genotypes, but warm storage evaluation identified a greater number of classes comparing red and yellow raspberry genotypes. There was complete agreement on genotype breeding disposition, indicating that a breeder could evaluate genotypes for leakage in the same storage temperature chosen to evaluate decay. Selection decisions made from evaluating floricane fruit were not always in agreement with decisions made from evaluating primocane fruit, indicating that genotypes should be evaluated in both fruiting seasons. C1 [Harshman, Julia M.; Walsh, Christopher S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Harshman, Julia M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Lewers, Kim S.] ARS, Genet Improvement Fruits & Vegetables Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Jurick, Wayne M., II] ARS, Food Qual Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Harshman, JM (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Hort, 1100 North Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM Juliam.harshman@gmail.com FU USDA-ARS [1245-21220-189-00, 1245-42430-014-00D]; Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station Competitive Research Grant FX This project was funded by USDA-ARS Projects 1245-21220-189-00 and 1245-42430-014-00D, and by a Maryland Agricultural Experiment Station Competitive Research Grant. The authors wish to thank the University of North Carolina, Cornell University, Five Aces Breeding, and Mr. Peter Tallman for donation of breeding selections; Phil Edmonds, John Enns, Donna Pahl, Anna Wallis, Jessica Kelly, Demetra Skaltsas, and the BARC Research Support Services (RSS) for establishing and maintaining the field; George Meyers, RSS, for weather records; Bob Saftner, Yaguang Luo, Ellen Turner, and Gene Lester, for providing equipment and training for postharvest fruit processing and evaluation. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the University of Maryland. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD OCT PY 2014 VL 199 IS 3 BP 283 EP 292 DI 10.1007/s10681-014-1123-3 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AP1WN UT WOS:000341862900004 ER PT J AU Zeng, LH Bechere, E Boykin, DL AF Zeng, Linghe Bechere, Efrem Boykin, Deborah L. TI Commonality analysis and selection of parents for within-boll yield components in upland cotton SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Within-boll yield components; Commonality analysis; General combining ability; Cotton; Yield ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L; HIGH-FIBER STRENGTH; LINT YIELD; COMBINING ABILITY; GERMPLASM LINES; CULTIVARS; QUALITY; REGISTRATION; HYBRIDS AB Relationships between lint yield and within-boll yield components are important for genetic improvement of lint yield in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars. F-2 plants derived from crosses between germplasm lines and high yielding cultivars were analyzed to determine the contributions of within-boll yield components to lint yield and to select parents with desirable combining ability for multiple within-boll yield components. Forty-five F-2 hybrids were planted at two field sites in 2010 and 2011 with 4 and 3 replicates, respectively. There were a total of six yield components analyzed including lint percentage (LP), seed number per boll, lint weight per seed (LW_S), seed surface area per seed, lint weight per unit seed surface area (LW_SA), and lint number per unit seed surface area (LN_SA). The contributions of these yield components to lint yield were analyzed by commonality analysis that separated the contributions to lint yield into the unique contributions of single yield components and the common contributions of the single yield components with one or more other yield components. The unique contributions of the six yield components to lint yield ranged from 1.6 to 21 % of total variation for lint yield in the 2-year experiments. The greatest common contributions to lint yield among all combinations of the six yield components were identified for a combination of four components, LP, LW_S, LW_SA, and LN_SA with 67 and 44 % of the total variation of lint yield in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Results suggest that all four of these yield components should be considered simultaneously in breeding for genetic improvement of lint yield. The germplasm line SP225 was detected as a good combiner with positive general combining ability (GCA) for LP (1.4 %), LW_SA (0.03 mg mm(-2)), and LN_SA (14.3 no mm(-2)), and favorable GCA for fineness (-3.1 mg km(-1)). C1 [Zeng, Linghe; Bechere, Efrem; Boykin, Deborah L.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zeng, LH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM linghe.zeng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [6402-21000-051-00D] FX This research was funded by USDA-ARS, Project No. 6402-21000-051-00D. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD OCT PY 2014 VL 199 IS 3 BP 339 EP 348 DI 10.1007/s10681-014-1131-3 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AP1WN UT WOS:000341862900009 ER PT J AU Zhang, JF Idowu, OJ Wedegaertner, T Hughs, SE AF Zhang, Jinfa Idowu, Omololu J. Wedegaertner, Tom Hughs, S. Ed. TI Genetic variation and comparative analysis of thrips resistance in glandless and glanded cotton under field conditions SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Upland cotton; Glandless; Thrips; Resistance ID ALABAMA-ARGILLACEA HUBNER; VIRESCENS F LEPIDOPTERA; LYGUS-HESPERUS KNIGHT; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM-L; BOLLWORM LEPIDOPTERA; GERMPLASM LINES; REGISTRATION; NOCTUIDAE; LEAF; CULTIVARS AB Glandless cotton can be grown for cottonseed free of toxic gossypol to be used as food and feed for non-ruminant animals. However, one of the most important limiting factors preventing its commercial production is its higher insect damage than conventional glanded cotton. Thrips is the one of the most important insect pests in the early growing season that may cause yield losses. In this study, 28, 29, 26, and 2 glandless cotton lines were compared with glanded control Acala 1517-08 and other glanded lines for resistance to the Western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in four replicated field tests each containing 32 genotypes. In the same field, 28 glanded commercial cultivars and 78 glanded breeding lines were compared with Acala 1517-08 and Acala 1517-99 in three other tests with 32 genotypes each. The experimental layouts allowed a comprehensive comparative analysis of thrips resistance within and between glandless and glanded cotton. Overall, glandless cotton had similar or lower thrips damages than glanded cotton, indicating that the glandless trait may serve as a genetic factor for suppressing thrips damage. As compared with Acala 1517-08 which represented one of the most thrips resistant genotypes among glanded cotton tested, glandless Acala GLS and many selections from glandless germplasm were more resistant, while some were similar to Acala 1517-08, indicating that genetic factors other than the glandless trait also affect thrips resistance in cotton. The estimates for broad-sense heritability for thrips resistance were moderate, indicating that thrips resistance is selectable. This is corroborated by the identification of many thrips resistant lines from a cross between Acala 1517-08 and Acala GLS. This study has laid a foundation for a more detailed study using most resistant lines with desirable agronomic traits in multiple environments. C1 [Zhang, Jinfa] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Idowu, Omololu J.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Extens Plant Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Wedegaertner, Tom] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC USA. [Hughs, S. Ed.] USDA ARS, Southwestern Cotton Ginning Res Lab, Mesilla Pk, NM USA. RP Zhang, JF (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Plant & Environm Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jinzhang@nmsu.edu FU USDA-ARS; Cotton Incorporated; New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station FX This research has been supported in part by USDA-ARS, Cotton Incorporated and New Mexico Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 48 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 EI 1573-5060 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD OCT PY 2014 VL 199 IS 3 BP 373 EP 383 DI 10.1007/s10681-014-1137-x PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AP1WN UT WOS:000341862900012 ER PT J AU Moulana, M Taylor, EB Edholm, ES Quiniou, SMA Wilson, M Bengten, E AF Moulana, Mohadetheh Taylor, Erin B. Edholm, Eva-Stina Quiniou, Sylvie M. A. Wilson, Melanie Bengten, Eva TI Identification and characterization of TCR gamma and TCR delta chains in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus SO IMMUNOGENETICS LA English DT Article DE T cell receptors; Gamma; Delta; Rearrangement; Channel catfish ID T-CELL-RECEPTOR; CONSTANT-REGION GENE; NK-LIKE CELLS; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; BETA-CHAIN; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; TELEOST FISH; CYTOTOXIC-CELLS; HEAVY-CHAIN; ALPHA-CHAIN AB Channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, T cell receptors (TCR) gamma and delta were identified by mining of expressed sequence tag databases, and full-length sequences were obtained by 5'-RACE and RT-PCR protocols. cDNAs for each of these TCR chains encode typical variable (V), diversity (D), joining (J), and constant (C) regions. Three TCR gamma V families, seven TCR gamma J sequences, and three TCR gamma C sequences were identified from sequencing of cDNA. Primer walking on bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) confirmed that the TRG locus contained seven TRGJ segments and indicated that the locus consists of (V gamma 3-J gamma 6-C gamma 2)-(V gamma 1(n)-J gamma 7-C gamma 3)-(V gamma 2-J gamma 5-J gamma 4-J gamma 3-J gamma 2-J gamma 1-C gamma 1). In comparison for TCR delta, two V families, four TCR delta D sequences, one TCR delta J sequence, and one TCR delta C sequence were identified by cDNA sequencing. Importantly, the finding that some catfish TCR delta cDNAs contain TCR V alpha-D-J delta rearrangements and some TCR alpha cDNAs contain V delta-J alpha rearrangements strongly implies that the catfish TRA and TRD loci are linked. Finally, primer walking on BACs and Southern blotting suggest that catfish have four TRDD gene segments and a single TRDJ and TRDC gene. As in most vertebrates, all three reading frames of each of the catfish TRDD segments can be used in functional rearrangements, and more than one TRDD segment can be used in a single rearrangement. As expected, catfish TCR delta CDR3 regions are longer and more diverse than TCR gamma CDR3 regions, and as a group they utilize more nucleotide additions and contain more nucleotide deletions than catfish TCR gamma rearrangements. C1 [Moulana, Mohadetheh; Taylor, Erin B.; Wilson, Melanie; Bengten, Eva] Univ Mississippi, Dept Microbiol, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Edholm, Eva-Stina] Univ Rochester, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Quiniou, Sylvie M. A.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Bengten, E (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Dept Microbiol, Med Ctr, 2500 North State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM ebengten@umc.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [2009-65119-05672, 2010-65121-20649] FX This work was supported by grants from the US Department of Agriculture (2009-65119-05672 and 2010-65121-20649). NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0093-7711 EI 1432-1211 J9 IMMUNOGENETICS JI Immunogenetics PD OCT PY 2014 VL 66 IS 9-10 BP 545 EP 561 DI 10.1007/s00251-014-0793-2 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA AP1MX UT WOS:000341835800004 PM 25129471 ER PT J AU Niu, D Zheng, H Corona, M Lu, Y Chen, X Cao, L Sohr, A Hu, F AF Niu, D. Zheng, H. Corona, M. Lu, Y. Chen, X. Cao, L. Sohr, A. Hu, F. TI Transcriptome comparison between inactivated and activated ovaries of the honey bee Apis mellifera L. SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera; inactivated ovaries; activated ovaries; RNA-sequencing; differentially expressed genes; mRNAs ID GENOME-WIDE ANALYSIS; JUVENILE-HORMONE BIOSYNTHESIS; RECEPTOR GENE-EXPRESSION; ODORANT-BINDING PROTEINS; WORKER REPRODUCTION; BOMBUS-TERRESTRIS; SOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; CARBON-DIOXIDE; CHEMOSENSORY PROTEINS; CORPORA ALLATA AB Ovarian activity not only influences fertility, but is also involved with the regulation of division of labour between reproductive and behavioural castes of female honey bees. In order to identify candidate genes associated with ovarian activity, we compared the gene expression patterns between inactivated and activated ovaries of queens and workers by means of high-throughput RNA-sequencing technology. A total of 1615 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was detected between ovaries of virgin and mated queens, and more than 5300 DEGs were detected between inactivated and activated worker ovaries. Intersection analysis of DEGs amongst five libraries revealed that a similar set of genes (824) participated in the ovary activation of both queens and workers. A large number of these DEGs were predominantly related to cellular, cell and cell part, binding, biological regulation and metabolic processes. In addition, over 1000 DEGs were linked to more than 230 components of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways, including 25 signalling pathways. The reliability of the RNA-sequencing results was confirmed by means of quantitative real-time PCR. Our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in ovary activation and reproductive division of labour. C1 [Niu, D.; Zheng, H.; Lu, Y.; Hu, F.] Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Corona, M.; Sohr, A.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Chen, X.] Zhejiang Acad TCM, Inst Basic Med, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Cao, L.] Zhejiang Acad Agr Sci, Anim Husb & Vet Res Inst, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. RP Hu, F (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Coll Anim Sci, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. EM flhu@zju.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31101773]; earmarked funds for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System [CARS-45] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 31101773) and the earmarked funds for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System (no. CARS-45). The deep sequencing and bioinformatic analysis work were carried out in the Beijing Genome Institute (http://www.genomics.cn/index.php). NR 97 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 45 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1075 EI 1365-2583 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 668 EP 681 DI 10.1111/imb.12114 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA AP1JQ UT WOS:000341825700013 PM 25039886 ER PT J AU Ramirez-Carvajal, L Segundo, FDS Hickman, D Long, CR Zhu, J Rodriguez, LL Santos, TDL AF Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San Hickman, Danielle Long, Charles R. Zhu, James Rodriguez, Luis L. Santos, Teresa de los TI Expression of Porcine Fusion Protein IRF7/3(5D) Efficiently Controls Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; INTERFERON-REGULATORY FACTORS; I-INTERFERON; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; POSITIVE FEEDBACK; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; STIMULATED GENES; BINDING-PROTEIN AB Several studies have demonstrated that the delivery of type I, II, or III interferons (IFNs) by inoculation of a replication-defective human adenovirus 5 (Ad5) vector expressing IFNs can effectively control foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cattle and swine during experimental infections. However, relatively high doses are required to achieve protection. In this study, we identified the functional properties of a porcine fusion protein, poIRF7/3(5D), as a biotherapeutic and enhancer of IFN activity against FMD virus (FMDV). We showed that poIRF7/3(5D) is a potent inducer of type I IFNs, including alpha IFN (IFN-alpha), IFN-beta, and IFN-omega but not type III IFN (interleukin-28B), without inducing cytotoxicity. Expression of poIRF7/3(5D) significantly and steadily reduced FMDV titers by up to 6 log(10) units in swine and bovine cell lines. Treatment with an IFN receptor inhibitor (B18R) combined with an anti-IFN-alpha antibody neutralized the antiviral activity in the supernatants of cells transduced with an Ad5 vector expressing poIRF7/3(5D) [Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D)]. However, several transcripts with known antiviral function, including type I IFNs, were still highly upregulated (range of increase, 8-fold to over 500-fold) by poIRF7/3(5D) in the presence of B18R. Furthermore, the sera of mice treated with Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) showed antiviral activity that was associated with the induction of high levels of IFN-alpha and resulted in complete protection against FMDV challenge at 6, 24, or 48 h posttreatment. This study highlights for the first time the antiviral potential of Ad5-poIRF7/3(5D) in vitro and in vivo against FMDV. IMPORTANCE FMD remains one of the most devastating diseases that affect livestock worldwide. Effective vaccine formulations are available but are serotype specific and require approximately 7 days before they are able to elicit protective immunity. We have shown that vector-delivered IFN is an option to protect animals against many FMDV serotypes as soon as 24 h and for about 4 days postadministration. Here we demonstrate that delivery of a constitutively active transcription factor that induces the production of endogenous IFNs and potentially other antiviral genes is a viable strategy to protect against FMD. C1 [Segundo, Fayna Diaz-San; Hickman, Danielle; Zhu, James; Rodriguez, Luis L.; Santos, Teresa de los] USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, New York, NY 14853 USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth] ORISE Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr Res Participat Progra, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Ramirez-Carvajal, Lisbeth; Long, Charles R.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX USA. RP Santos, TDL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, New York, NY 14853 USA. EM teresa.delossantos@ars.usda.gov FU CRIS [1940-32000-057-00D]; ARS-DHS IAA [HSHQDC-11-X-00189]; ORISE-PIADC Research Participation Program; Texas A&M University Graduate Student Trainee and Agrilife Programs FX This research was supported by CRIS 1940-32000-057-00D, ARS-DHS IAA HSHQDC-11-X-00189, the ORISE-PIADC Research Participation Program, and the Texas A&M University Graduate Student Trainee and Agrilife Programs. NR 70 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 88 IS 19 BP 11140 EP 11153 DI 10.1128/JVI.00372-14 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA AP1ZX UT WOS:000341872700013 PM 25031341 ER PT J AU Zhou, SF Weimer, PJ Hatfield, RD Runge, TM Digman, M AF Zhou, Shengfei Weimer, Paul J. Hatfield, Ronald D. Runge, Troy M. Digman, Matthew TI Improving ethanol production from alfalfa stems via ambient-temperature acid pretreatment and washing SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ethanol production; Ambient-temperature sulfuric acid pretreatment; Ensiling; Washing; Ash ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; SIMULTANEOUS SACCHARIFICATION; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; FERMENTATION; BIOMASS; INHIBITION; NITROGEN; CONVERSION; ROTATIONS AB The concept of co-production of liquid fuel (ethanol) along with animal feed on farm was proposed, and the strategy of using ambient-temperature acid pretreatment, ensiling and washing to improve ethanol production from alfalfa stems was investigated. Alfalfa stems were separated and pretreated with sulfuric acid at ambient-temperature after harvest, and following ensiling, after which the ensiled stems were subjected to simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) for ethanol production. Ethanol yield was improved by ambient-temperature sulfuric acid pretreatment before ensiling, and by washing before SSF. It was theorized that the acid pretreatment at ambient temperature partially degraded hemicellulose, and altered cell wall structure, resulted in improved cellulose accessibility, whereas washing removed soluble ash in substrates which could inhibit the SSF. The pH of stored alfalfa stems can be used to predict the ethanol yield, with a correlation coefficient of +0.83 for washed alfalfa stems. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhou, Shengfei; Runge, Troy M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Weimer, Paul J.; Hatfield, Ronald D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Digman, Matthew] KUHN North Amer, Brodhead, WI 53520 USA. RP Runge, TM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Agr Engn Bldg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM szhou34@wisc.edu; Paul.Weimer@ars.usda.gov; Ronald.Hatfield@ars.usda.gov; trunge@wbi.wisc.edu; matthew.digman@kuhn.com FU National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture [WIS01664]; Wisconsin Energy Institute at the University of Wisconsin-Madison FX This material is based upon work support by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, United States Department of Agriculture, under ID number WIS01664. The authors are also grateful to the Wisconsin Energy Institute at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, for financial support of this work. Additionally, the authors want to thank Mary Becker of USDA-ARS, U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center (Madison, WI) for silage analysis, and Nathan Felix of the Department of Biological System Engineering of University of Wisconsin at Madison for his assistance. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 170 BP 286 EP 292 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.002 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AO5BY UT WOS:000341357600036 PM 25151072 ER PT J AU Hock, V Chouinard, G Lucas, E Cormier, D Leskey, T Wright, S Zhang, AJ Pichette, A AF Hock, Virginia Chouinard, Gerald Lucas, Eric Cormier, Daniel Leskey, Tracy Wright, Starker Zhang, Aijun Pichette, Andre TI Establishing abiotic and biotic factors necessary for reliable male pheromone production and attraction to pheromones by female plum curculios Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) SO CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; STRAWBERRY BLOSSOM WEEVIL; PALMARUM L COLEOPTERA; BAITED TRAP TREES; AGGREGATION PHEROMONE; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; HERBST COLEOPTERA; APPLE ORCHARDS; SEX-PHEROMONE; BOLL-WEEVIL AB The plum curculio (PC), Conotrachelus nenuphar Herbst (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a key pest of stone and pome fruit in North America. Though grandisoic acid (GA) was identified as a male-produced aggregation pheromone for this species, other components likely exist, as have been identified for various curculionids. To better determine these components, an understanding of the conditions necessary for optimum pheromone production and attraction is needed, this is essential for the improvement of monitoring techniques and to achieve better biological control. The goal of this study was to determine the biotic and abiotic factors influencing both the response to pheromones and pheromone production. Tests were conducted in a dual-choice still-air vertical olfactometer using live male PCs as odour sources and live females as responders, to determine which physiological factors (age, number of males, mating status) influenced female response to males. Head-space collections of GA production under various conditions (airflow rate and frequency, collection zone strata, variation of humidity, temperature, and presence of a harbourage) were also done, as were electroantennograms (EAG) using synthetic pheromone mixtures. Results revealed that for both strains, the odour of two virgin mature males elicited significantly greater and more consistent attraction from mature virgin females than other ages and numbers of males when compared with the control. Head-space collections indicate that male PC have increased production of GA under high humidity in the presence of fruit, indicating that these conditions are necessary for optimal pheromone production and collection. EAG studies revealed significant responses to GrandLures I, II, III/IV and to the positive enantiomer of GA, and the amplitude of the signal varied with concentration. Our data identify the optimal physiological state and conditions at which pheromone collections should be performed, and what physiological life stages respond to these stimuli. These results have implications for optimising monitoring tools for this serious crop pest. This species has a northern univoltine strain and a southern multivoltine strain, both of which were examined in this study. C1 [Hock, Virginia; Chouinard, Gerald; Cormier, Daniel] IRDA, Lab Prod Fruitiere Integree, St Bruno De Montarville, PQ J3V 0G7, Canada. [Hock, Virginia; Lucas, Eric] Univ Quebec, Lab Lutte Biol, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P, Canada. [Leskey, Tracy; Wright, Starker] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Zhang, Aijun] ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Pichette, Andre] Univ Quebec Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, PQ G7H 2B1, Canada. RP Hock, V (reprint author), IRDA, Lab Prod Fruitiere Integree, 335 Chemin Vingt Cinq Est, St Bruno De Montarville, PQ J3V 0G7, Canada. EM vhbioresearch@gmail.com FU Programme de soutien a l'innovation en agroalimentaire de Ministere de l'Agriculture, des Pecheries et de l'Alimentation du Quebec (Quebec, Quebec, Canada); United States Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2009-51181-06005] FX The authors would like to thank Sylvie Bellerose, Franz Vanoosthyuse, Anne-Lyse Larouche, Marie-Pier Richard, Martin Duquette, Robert Maheux, and Torri Hancock for their assistance in the laboratory and field, and to Clement Akotsen-Mensah for his suggestions and advice on olfactometer experiments. These studies were supported by a grant from Programme de soutien a l'innovation en agroalimentaire de Ministere de l'Agriculture, des Pecheries et de l'Alimentation du Quebec (Quebec, Quebec, Canada) and in part by grant # 2009-51181-06005 from United States Department of Agriculture - National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Specialty Crops Research Initiative. NR 91 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0008-347X EI 1918-3240 J9 CAN ENTOMOL JI Can. Entomol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 146 IS 5 BP 528 EP 547 DI 10.4039/tce.2014.1 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AO7JW UT WOS:000341530300004 ER PT J AU Nowak, DJ Hirabayashi, S Bodine, A Greenfield, E AF Nowak, David J. Hirabayashi, Satoshi Bodine, Allison Greenfield, Eric TI Tree and forest effects on air quality and human health in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Air pollution removal; Air quality; Ecosystem services; Human mortality; Urban forests ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; POSTNEONATAL INFANT-MORTALITY; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; PARTICULATE MATTER; TIME-SERIES; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; FINE PARTICLES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SCHOOL ABSENTEEISM; AMERICAN CHILDREN AB Trees remove air pollution by the interception of particulate matter on plant surfaces and the absorption of gaseous pollutants through the leaf stomata. However, the magnitude and value of the effects of trees and forests on air quality and human health across the United States remains unknown. Computer simulations with local environmental data reveal that trees and forests in the conterminous United States removed 17.4 million tonnes (t) of air pollution in 2010 (range: 9.0-23.2 million t), with human health effects valued at 6.8 billion U.S. dollars (range: $1.5-13.0 billion). This pollution removal equated to an average air quality improvement of less than one percent. Most of the pollution removal occurred in rural areas, while most of the health impacts and values were within urban areas. Health impacts included the avoidance of more than 850 incidences of human mortality and 670,000 incidences of acute respiratory symptoms. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Nowak, David J.; Greenfield, Eric] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, US Forest Serv, USDA, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. [Hirabayashi, Satoshi; Bodine, Allison] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Davey Inst, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Nowak, DJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, US Forest Serv, USDA, 5 Moon Lib, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. EM dnowak@fs.fed.us FU U.S. Forest Service's RPA; State & Private Forestry's Urban and Community Forestry Program FX Funding for this project was provided in part by the U.S. Forest Service's RPA Assessment Staff and State & Private Forestry's Urban and Community Forestry Program. We thank Laura Jackson and Shawn Landry for comments on previous versions of this manuscript and John Stanovick for statistical assistance and review. NR 82 TC 59 Z9 64 U1 14 U2 173 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-7491 EI 1873-6424 J9 ENVIRON POLLUT JI Environ. Pollut. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 193 BP 119 EP 129 DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.05.028 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO6OL UT WOS:000341471300016 PM 25016465 ER PT J AU Quito-Avila, DF Peralta, EL Martin, RR Ibarra, MA Alvarez, RA Mendoza, A Insuasti, M Ochoa, J AF Quito-Avila, D. F. Peralta, E. L. Martin, R. R. Ibarra, M. A. Alvarez, R. A. Mendoza, A. Insuasti, M. Ochoa, J. TI Detection and occurrence of melon yellow spot virus in Ecuador: an emerging threat to cucurbit production in the region SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Melon; Watermelon; Cucumber; Tospovirus; Endornavirus ID IDENTIFICATION; RNA AB More than fifty viruses have been reported in cucurbit crops worldwide. In Ecuador, approximately 3,000 ha of watermelon, melon and cucumbers are cultivated annually, but there have been few studies to identify viruses responsible for epidemics. During this study, sequencing of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) extracted from watermelon and melon leaves showing virus-like symptoms revealed the presence of Melon yellow spot virus (MYSV, genus Tospovirus) and the partially described Cucumis melo endornavirus (CmEV). Specific primers, designed to detect each virus, showed that MYSV was present in 40, 64 and 67 % of symptomatic watermelon, cucumber and melon samples, respectively. For CmEV, 95 % of both symptomatic and asymptomatic melon plants tested positive. However, the virus was not detected in watermelon or cucumber. Sequence comparisons showed nucleotide identities of 97 % and 94 % for the polymerase and the nucleocapsid protein, respectively, between the Ecuadorean MYSV and the one reported from Japan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of MYSV and CmEV in Ecuador and the Americas. C1 [Quito-Avila, D. F.; Peralta, E. L.; Ibarra, M. A.; Alvarez, R. A.] CIBE ESPOL, Ctr Invest Biotecnol Ecuador, Escuela Super Politecn Litoral, Guayaquil 09015863, Ecuador. [Quito-Avila, D. F.] Secretaria Nacl Educ Super Ciencia Tecnol & Innov, Programa Prometeo, Quito, Ecuador. [Martin, R. R.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR USA. [Mendoza, A.; Insuasti, M.; Ochoa, J.] INIAP, Inst Nacl Autonomo Invest Agr, Quito, Ecuador. RP Quito-Avila, DF (reprint author), Secretaria Nacl Educ Super Ciencia Tecnol & Innov, Programa Prometeo, Quito, Ecuador. EM diego.quito.avila@gmail.com FU Integrated Pest Management -Collaborative Research Support Program, IPM-CRSP (USAID) [425,981-19A72]; Ecuadorean Science and Technology Secretariat (SENESCYT), through the National Emblematic Program PROMETEO FX This work was partially funded by the Integrated Pest Management -Collaborative Research Support Program, IPM-CRSP (USAID sub-award number: 425,981-19A72). Additional funding was provided by the Ecuadorean Science and Technology Secretariat (SENESCYT), through the National Emblematic Program PROMETEO. The authors are thankful to all growers in Manabi and Santa Elena for granting access to fields for sample collection. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-1873 EI 1573-8469 J9 EUR J PLANT PATHOL JI Eur. J. Plant Pathol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 140 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1007/s10658-014-0454-1 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AO6VP UT WOS:000341490500002 ER PT J AU Curzon, MT D'Amato, AW Palik, BJ AF Curzon, Miranda T. D'Amato, Anthony W. Palik, Brian J. TI Harvest residue removal and soil compaction impact forest productivity and recovery: Potential implications for bioenergy harvests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Disturbance; Structural development; Populus tremuloides; Aspen; Bioenergy ID STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT; NATURAL DISTURBANCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; WHITE SPRUCE; SITKA SPRUCE; ASPEN; GROWTH; ESTABLISHMENT; MINNESOTA AB Understanding the effects of management on forest structure and function is increasingly important in light of projected increases in both natural and anthropogenic disturbance severity and frequency with global environmental change. We examined potential impacts of the procurement of forest-derived bioenergy, a change in land use that has been suggested as a climate change mitigation strategy, on the productivity and structural development of aspen-dominated ecosystems. Specifically, we tested the effects of two factors: organic matter removal (stem-only harvest, whole-tree harvest, whole-tree harvest plus forest floor removal) and soil compaction (light, moderate, and heavy) over time. This range of treatments, applied across three sites dominated by aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) but with different soil textures, allowed us to characterize how disturbance severity influences ecosystem recovery. Disturbance severity significantly affected above-ground biomass production and forest structural development with responses varying among sites. At the Huron National Forest (sandy soils), the removal of harvest residues reduced above-ground biomass production, but no negative effect was observed following whole-tree harvest at the Ottawa and Chippewa National Forests (clayey and loamy soils, respectively) relative to stem-only harvest. Maximum diameter and the density of stems greater than 5 cm DBH exhibited negative responses to increased disturbance severity at two sites, indicating that structural development may be slowed. Overall, results suggest that disturbance severity related to procuring harvest residues for bioenergy production may impact future productivity and development, depending on site conditions and quality. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Curzon, Miranda T.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Palik, Brian J.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Curzon, MT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave North, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mcurzon@umn.edu OI Curzon, Miranda /0000-0002-4102-7352 FU DOE/USDA Biomass Research and Development Initiative; USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station FX This work was made possible by the efforts of many USDA Forest Service scientists and technicians who started the LTSP study two decades ago and have maintained it since. The authors would like to specifically thank John Elioff, Doug Kastendick, and Josh Kragthorpe in this regard. Mike Carson, Frank Falzone, Sarah Graves, and Megan Buchanan provided technical assistance or helpful suggestions. Lastly, thank you to two anonymous reviewers for comments and critiques that improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by the DOE/USDA Biomass Research and Development Initiative and the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station. NR 63 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 329 BP 99 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.056 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO6PR UT WOS:000341474500011 ER PT J AU Keyser, TL Brown, PM AF Keyser, Tara L. Brown, Peter M. TI Climate-growth relationships for yellow-poplar across structural and site quality gradients in the southern Appalachian Mountains SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Basal area increment; Palmer Drought Severity Index; Dendroecology; Forest thinning; Liriodendron tulipifera ID SPRUCE PICEA-ABIES; BASAL AREA INCREMENT; STAND-DENSITY; RADIAL GROWTH; EUROPEAN BEECH; RED PINE; SAPWOOD PERMEABILITY; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; TREE MORTALITY AB Forecasted changes in climate across the southeastern US include an increase in temperature along with more variable precipitation patterns, including an increase in the severity and frequency of drought events. As such, the management of forests for increased resistance or resilience to the direct and indirect effects of climate change, including decreased tree- and stand-level productivity, is of interest to natural resource practitioners. Because the sensitivity of tree growth to climate can be moderated by competition, manipulating stand density through silvicultural activities may mitigate the negative effects climate change may have on tree growth and productivity. In this paper, we utilized dendrochronology data, along with long-term forest inventory data, from 134 plots established and subsequently thinned between 1960 and 1963 to analyze the effects of climate on annual tree growth for yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.) across a broad stand structural and site productivity gradient in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Annual basal area increment (BAI) was most related to the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) during the months of May, June, and July (PDSIMJJ) relative to that of the annual or growing season when structural and site productivity variables were included in the analysis. Annual BAI of trees growing in stands of lower density responded to increases in PDSIMJJ at a faster rate than trees growing in stands of greater density. Conversely, those same trees experienced proportionally greater decreases in BAI at lower values of PDSIMJJ compared to trees in stands of greater density. Annual BAI was positivity related to site productivity, as quantified by site index, with BAI more sensitive to changes in PDSIMJJ on plots of progressively higher site index. Results suggest stand structure as well as measures of productivity should be considered when quantifying climate-growth relationships for forest tree species. Such information could not only aid in the identification of stands most susceptible to reduced growth, but also be used to develop site- or stand-specific silvicultural prescriptions focused on promoting resilience or resistance under a changing climate. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Keyser, Tara L.] USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. [Brown, Peter M.] Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Keyser, TL (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 1577 Brevard Rd, Asheville, NC 28806 USA. EM tkeyser@fs.fed.us; pmb@rmtrr.org NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 329 BP 158 EP 165 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.015 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO6PR UT WOS:000341474500017 ER PT J AU O'Connor, CD Falk, DA Lynch, AM Swetnam, TW AF O'Connor, Christopher D. Falk, Donald A. Lynch, Ann M. Swetnam, Thomas W. TI Fire severity, size, and climate associations diverge from historical precedent along an ecological gradient in the Pinaleno Mountains, Arizona, USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Spatial reconstruction; Fire history; Elevation gradient; ENSO; PDSI; Climate ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; UPPER MONTANE FORESTS; STAND-REPLACING FIRE; GRAHAM RED SQUIRRELS; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; SIERRA-NEVADA; BURN SEVERITY; NATIONAL-PARK; REGIMES AB In recent decades fire size and severity have been increasing in high elevation forests of the American Southwest. Ecological outcomes of these increases are difficult to gauge without an historical context for the role of fire in these systems prior to interruption by Euro-American land uses. Across the gradient of forest types in the Pinaleno Mountains, a Sky Island system in southeast Arizona that experienced two relatively large high-severity fires in the last two decades, we compared fire characteristics and climate associations before and after the onset of fire exclusion to determine the degree of similarity between past and recent fires. We use a gridded fire scar and demography sampling network to reconstruct spatially explicit estimates of fire extent and burn severity, as well as climate associations of fires from individual site to landscape scales from 1640 to 2008 C.E. We found that patterns of fire frequency, size, and severity were relatively stable for at least several centuries prior to 1880. A combination of livestock grazing and active fire suppression after circa 1880 led to (1) a significant reduction in fire spread but not fire ignition, (2) a conversion of more than 80% of the landscape from a frequent, low to mixed-severity fire regime to an infrequent mixed to high-severity fire regime, and (3) an increase in fuel continuity within a mid-elevation zone of dry mixed-conifer forest, resulting in increased opportunities for surface and crown fire spread into higher elevation mesic forests. The two most recent fires affecting mesic forests were associated with drought and temperature conditions that were not exceptional in the historical record but that resulted in a relative proportion of high burn severity up to four times that of previous large fires. The ecological effects of these recent fires appear to be more severe than any fire in the reconstructed period, casting uncertainty upon the recovery of historical species composition in high-severity burn patches. Significant changes to the spatial pattern, frequency, and climate associations of spreading fires after 1880 suggest that limits to fuel loading and fuel connectivity sustained by frequent fire have been removed. Coinciding factors of high fuel continuity and fuel loading, projected lengthening of the fire season, and increased variability in seasonal precipitation suggest that large high-severity fires, especially in mixed-conifer forests, will become the predominant fire type without aggressive actions to reduce fuel continuity and restore fire-resilient forest structure and species composition. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [O'Connor, Christopher D.; Falk, Donald A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Lynch, Ann M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [O'Connor, Christopher D.; Falk, Donald A.; Lynch, Ann M.; Swetnam, Thomas W.] Univ Arizona, Lab Tree Ring Res, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP O'Connor, CD (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 325 Biosci East Bldg, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM oconnorc@email.arizona.edu FU Rocky Mountain Research Station, U.S. Forest Service [07-JV-11221615-317]; Coronado National Forest FX Support for this project was provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, U.S. Forest Service through Research Joint Venture Agreement 07-JV-11221615-317 and the Coronado National Forest. We thank Craig Wilcox, Carl Edminster, Tyson Swetnam, Rex Adams, Chris Baisan, Ellis Margolis, Craig Allen, and Chris Stetson for their thoughtful insight and guidance with project conceptualization and interpretation of results. We thank the army of field and shop helpers that made this work possible: Alex Arizpe, Jesse Minor, Rebecca Minor, Laura Marshall, Jacquie Dewar, Erica Bigio, Ben Schippers, Emily Coyle, Rod O'Connor, Joe Bertoletti, Anastasia Rabin, Kyle Miller, Alicia Durnin, Josh Farella, Elliot Breshears, Mathew Lee, and Jason Klotz. Additional field assistance and maps were provided by Matthew Littrell and the Coronado National Forest LiDAR crew. Finally, we thank two anonymous reviewers for their suggestions to improve the quality and clarity of the text and figures. NR 124 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 7 U2 67 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 329 BP 264 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.032 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO6PR UT WOS:000341474500027 ER PT J AU Coleman, TW Jones, MI Courtial, B Graves, AD Woods, M Roques, A Seybold, SJ AF Coleman, Tom W. Jones, Michael I. Courtial, Beatrice Graves, Andrew D. Woods, Meghan Roques, Alain Seybold, Steven J. TI Impact of the first recorded outbreak of the Douglas-fir tussock moth, Orgyia pseudotsugata, in southern California and the extent of its distribution in the Pacific Southwest region SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Abies concolor; Baja California Norte, Mexico; Defoliation; Land use changes; Risk model; Scolytus ventralis ID SAN-PEDRO-MARTIR; MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; JEFFREY PINE; MCDUNNOUGH LEPIDOPTERA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; INSECT OUTBREAKS; PEST-MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BARK BEETLES AB The Douglas-fir tussock moth (DFTM), Orgyia pseudotsugata McDunnough (Lepidoptera:Erebidae: Lymantriinae), is a native western North American defoliator of true fir, Abies spp. Mill., and Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco. We investigated the population genetics and impact associated with the first recorded outbreak of DFTM in southern California (USA), and report the first collection of DFTM in Baja California Norte, Mexico. This latter population is similar genetically to populations from Washington, USA and British Columbia, Canada. We assessed forest stand characteristics, levels of defoliation, and mortality of white fir, Abies concolor Lindl., associated with the DFTM outbreak in the Transverse Mountain Ranges of southern California. We compared these data to those from southern California non-outbreak stands of A. concolor, and from virgin stands with an A. concolor component in the Sierra San Pedro Martir National Park (Mexico). Total stand density (ha(-1)) was significantly higher (22%) in non-outbreak stands than in outbreak stands. However, outbreak stands had significantly higher mortality of A. concolor than non-outbreak stands [whether expressed as density (70%) or basal area (m(2) ha(-1)) (32%)]. Total stand and A. concolor density and basal area for living and dead trees were significantly lower in the Sierra San Pedro Martir National Park than in southern California. Dead A. concolor comprised >95% of all tree mortality in both outbreak and non-outbreak areas in southern California, which corresponded to a mean 20% basal area loss of A. concolor associated with DFTM feeding injury within the outbreak area. The mean level of defoliation of A. concolor by DFTM was 39%, and 62% of all dead A. concolor were associated with DFTM defoliation. In stands with high levels of defoliation, larval feeding and tree mortality were also noted in Jeffrey pine, Pinus jeffreyi Grey. 82 Balf. The amount of dead A. concolor basal area associated with the fir engraver, Scolytus ventralis LeConte (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), in non-outbreak stands was 96% greater than in outbreak stands. Using the U.S.D.A. National Insect and Disease Risk Map software, a total of 13,534 ha were predicted to be at risk to basal area loss from future DFTM outbreaks on national forest lands in southern California. Changes in forest management practices and fire suppression policies likely led to an increase in the density and continuity of DFTM's preferred host in southern California and to a southward shift in the historic range of DFTM outbreaks. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Coleman, Tom W.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. [Jones, Michael I.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Courtial, Beatrice; Roques, Alain] INRA, UR633, F-45075 Orleans, France. [Graves, Andrew D.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, Albuquerque, NM 87102 USA. [Woods, Meghan] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Monitoring, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Seybold, Steven J.] USDA Forest Serv Res, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Coleman, TW (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Protect, San Bernardino, CA 92408 USA. EM twcoleman@fs.fed.us FU EU [226482, KBBE-2008-1-4-01]; USDA Forest Service; Forest Health Protection; Pacific Southwest Region; Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis [10-CS-11051200-021] FX The authors thank Beverly Bulaon, Jonathan Mireles, and Grayland Walter, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Region 5; Stacy Hishinuma, Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis; Mark Hoddle, University of California, Riverside; Dan Ryerson, USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Region 3; David Kotlarski and Angelica Mendoza, San Bernardino National Forest, and the administrative and leadership staff of the San Bernardino National Forest for their support of this work. Yigen Chen, Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis assisted with data analysis and graphics related to Fig. 3B. Constance Mehmel, USDA Forest Service, Region 6, graciously provided samples from Washington for genetic analyses. We thank A.M. Liebhold (USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station) and A.S. Munson (USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Region 4) for critical reviews of an earlier version of the manuscript. Sequencing was funded by the EU project QBOL "Development of a new diagnostic tool using DNA barcoding to identify quarantine organisms in support of plant health" (FP7/2007-2013, grant agreement no. 226482, KBBE-2008-1-4-01). Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Pacific Southwest Region and Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis through Cost Share Agreement 10-CS-11051200-021 administered by Mary Louise Flint, and by the Pacific Southwest Research Station for manuscript preparation. NR 88 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 329 BP 295 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.027 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO6PR UT WOS:000341474500030 ER PT J AU Sun, XC Tan, QL Nie, ZJ Hu, CX An, YQ AF Sun, Xuecheng Tan, Qiling Nie, Zhaojun Hu, Chengxiao An, Yongqiang TI Differential Expression of Proteins in Response to Molybdenum Deficiency in Winter Wheat Leaves Under Low-Temperature Stress SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Dark reaction; Light reaction; Molybdenum; Photosynthesis; Temperature stress; Winter wheat ID MOLYBDATE TRANSPORTER; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; NITRATE REDUCTASE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COLD-ACCLIMATION; BINDING PROTEINS; ABSCISIC-ACID; PLANTS; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACCUMULATION AB Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential micronutrient for plants. To obtain a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cold resistance enhanced by molybdenum application in winter wheat, we applied a proteomic approach to investigate the differential expression of proteins in response to molybdenum deficiency in winter wheat leaves under low-temperature stress. Of 13 protein spots that were identified, five spots were involved in the light reaction of photosynthesis, five were involved in the dark reaction of photosynthesis, and three were highly involved in RNA binding and protein synthesis. Before the application of cold stress, four differentially expressed proteins between the Mo deficiency (-Mo) vs. Mo application (+Mo) comparison are involved in carbon metabolism and photosynthetic electron transport. After 48 h of cold stress, nine differentially expressed proteins between the -Mo vs. +Mo comparison are involved in carbon metabolism, photosynthetic electron transport, RNA binding, and protein synthesis. Under -Mo condition, cold stress induced a more than twofold decrease in the accumulation of six differential proteins including ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large-chain precursor, phosphoglycerate kinase, cp31BHv, chlorophyll a/b-binding protein, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit, and ribosomal protein P1, whereas under +Mo condition cold stress only decreased the expression of RuBisCO large subunit, suggesting that Mo application might contribute to the balance or stability of these proteins especially under low-temperature stress and that Mo deficiency has greater influence on differential protein expression in winter wheat after low-temperature stress. Further investigations showed that Mo deficiency decreased the concentrations of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids; the maximum net photosynthetic rate; the apparent quantum yield; and carboxylation efficiency, even before the application of the cold stress, although the decrease rates were greater after 48 h of cold treatment, which is consistent with changes in the expressions of differential proteins in winter wheat under low-temperature stress. These findings provide some new evidence that Mo might be involved in the light and dark reaction of photosynthesis and protein synthesis. C1 [Sun, Xuecheng; Tan, Qiling; Nie, Zhaojun; Hu, Chengxiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Key Lab Arable Land Conservat Middle & Lower Reac, Minist Agr, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. [An, Yongqiang] ARS, USDA, Midwest Area, Plant Genet Res Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. RP Hu, CX (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Key Lab Arable Land Conservat Middle & Lower Reac, Minist Agr, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. EM hucx@mail.hzau.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [30671232, 41171240]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2010QC037, 2010PY025, 2011PY150] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (program nos. 30671232 and .41171240) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (program nos. 2010QC037, 2010PY025, 2011PY150). NR 49 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 39 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 EI 1572-9818 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 32 IS 5 BP 1057 EP 1069 DI 10.1007/s11105-014-0713-5 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AO7BA UT WOS:000341505800009 ER PT J AU Gao, M Zhang, HJ Guo, CL Cheng, CX Guo, RR Mao, LY Fei, ZJ Wang, XP AF Gao, Min Zhang, Hongjing Guo, Chunlei Cheng, Chenxia Guo, Rongrong Mao, Linyong Fei, Zhangjun Wang, Xiping TI Evolutionary and Expression Analyses of Basic Zipper Transcription Factors in the Highly Homozygous Model Grape PN40024 (Vitis vinifera L.) SO PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTER LA English DT Article DE Genome-wide; Evolution; bZIP transcription factor; Phylogenetic analysis; Expression; Grape ID GENOME-WIDE IDENTIFICATION; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; FACTOR FAMILY; STRESS TOLERANCE; ABSCISIC-ACID; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; TRANSGENIC ARABIDOPSIS; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; GENE DUPLICATION; SALICYLIC-ACID AB Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) proteins, which function as transcription factors and play important regulatory roles in all eukaryotic organisms, have been identified and classified in plants based on the sequenced genomes of model species such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). However, far less is currently known about the evolutionary relationships and expression patterns of bZIP genes in nonmodel plants. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis and identified a total of 47 bZIP transcription factors from grape (Vitis vinifera L., cv PN40024). Phylogenetic analysis of grape bZIP transcription factors along with their Arabidopsis and rice counterparts indicated that they can be classified into 13 different groups. Furthermore, evolutionary analysis of the grape bZIP transcription factors demonstrated that segmental duplications have contributed substantially to the expansion of this family in grape. In addition, synteny analysis between grape and Arabidopsis suggested that some of the bZIP members were present in their most recent common ancestor and that the major expansion occurred before the divergence of the two species. Gene expression analysis of the grape bZIP transcription factor-encoding genes revealed tissue-specific, biotic and abiotic stress and hormone-responsive expression profiles. Taken together, the genome-wide identification and characterization of grape bZIP transcription factors provide insights into their evolutionary history and a resource for further functional characterization in the context of crop improvement and stress tolerance. C1 [Gao, Min; Zhang, Hongjing; Guo, Chunlei; Cheng, Chenxia; Guo, Rongrong; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Hort, State Key Lab Crop Stress Biol Arid Areas, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Gao, Min; Zhang, Hongjing; Guo, Chunlei; Cheng, Chenxia; Guo, Rongrong; Wang, Xiping] Northwest A&F Univ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol & Germplasm Innovat North, Minist Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Mao, Linyong; Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wang, XP (reprint author), Northwest A&F Univ, Key Lab Hort Plant Biol & Germplasm Innovat North, Minist Agr, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. EM wangxiping@nwsuaf.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272136]; Program for Innovative Research Team of Grape Germplasm Resources and Breeding grant [2013KCT-25] FX The authors thank Dr. Yi Zheng for providing help with bioinformatics analysis. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China grant no. 31272136 and the Program for Innovative Research Team of Grape Germplasm Resources and Breeding grant no. 2013KCT-25 to X.W. NR 71 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 23 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0735-9640 EI 1572-9818 J9 PLANT MOL BIOL REP JI Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 32 IS 5 BP 1085 EP 1102 DI 10.1007/s11105-014-0723-3 PG 18 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA AO7BA UT WOS:000341505800011 ER PT J AU Saha, P Datta, MK Velikokhatnyi, OI Manivannan, A Alman, D Kumta, PN AF Saha, Partha Datta, Moni Kanchan Velikokhatnyi, Oleg I. Manivannan, Ayyakkannu Alman, David Kumta, Prashant N. TI Rechargeable magnesium battery: Current status and key challenges for the future SO PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE Magnesium battery; Grignard reagents; Electrolyte; Current collector; Chevrel phase; Cathode; Anode ID GEL POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; MG-ION BATTERIES; PROMISING CATHODE MATERIAL; ELECTRICAL ENERGY-STORAGE; VANADIUM-OXIDE NANOTUBES; DOUBLE-LAYER CAPACITORS; SITU FTIR SPECTROSCOPY; MO6S8 CHEVREL-PHASE; WAVE BASIS-SET; ELECTROCHEMICAL INSERTION AB There is a tremendous need to have perennial and continuous access to cost-effective electricity generated from the intermittent energy sources (wind, solar, geothermal, hydropower, wave etc.). This will require development of inexpensive and efficient electrical energy storage (EES) devices such as stationary battery for uninterrupted electricity (power storage back up) and load leveling as well as grid energy storage systems [1-6]. Magnesium based secondary batteries are a viable 'environmental friendly, non-toxic' alternative compared to the immensely popular Li-ion systems owing to its high volumetric capacity (3833 mA h/cc for Mg vs. 2046 mA h/cc for Li) for stationary EES applications. Following the successful demonstration of a prototype magnesium cell capable of offering energy density similar to 60 W h/kg in the early 2000, the last decade has witnessed tremendous amount of work dedicated to magnesium battery and its components. The present review is an earnest attempt to collect all of the comprehensive body of research performed in the literature hitherto to develop non-aqueous nucleophilic/non-nucleophilic liquid electrolytes, ionic liquid based polymer as well as solid/gel polymer electrolytes; intercalation/insertion/conversion type cathodes; metallic magnesium and their alloys/intermetallic/composites as anodes; and electronically conductive but chemically and electrochemically inert current collectors for magnesium battery. The limited electrochemical oxidative stability of current generation of electrolytes with inherently slow magnesium-ion diffusion in to electrodes as well as the inability of Mg2+ to reversibly cycle in all but a few materials systems impede the growth of high power and high energy density magnesium cells, analogous to Li-ion systems. Before the successful fabrication of a prototype magnesium battery, optimization of electrolyte performance, the realization of suitable intercalation/insertion cathodes and the identification of alternative alloys, intermetallics, composites and compounds as anodes are highly critical. Exploration of the compatibility of various battery parts including metallic current collectors with currently used organochloro electrolytes sheds light on the electrochemical corrosion of metals such as Cu, Al, stainless steel (SS) toward chlorinated Grignard's salts warranting further investigation for identifying, electrically conducting and electrochemically inert current collectors. Results to date show the preferential selectivity of certain electronically conducting metallic and non-metallic current collectors for rechargeable magnesium batteries owing to its high anodic stability in the present electrolyte. Development of magnesium-ion battery therefore requires an interdisciplinary approach with a sound understanding of organometallic and inorganic chemistry, adequate knowledge of materials chemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as electrochemistry, and a comprehensive knowledge of metallic corrosion principles in basic/acidic electrolytic environments in order that a system with acceptable energy density (similar to 150-200 W h/kg) and operational voltage similar to 2-3 V can be developed in the near future. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Saha, Partha; Datta, Moni Kanchan; Manivannan, Ayyakkannu; Alman, David; Kumta, Prashant N.] Reg Univ Alliance, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Tampa, FL USA. [Saha, Partha; Datta, Moni Kanchan; Velikokhatnyi, Oleg I.; Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Swanson Sch Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Datta, Moni Kanchan; Velikokhatnyi, Oleg I.; Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Ctr Complex Engn Multifunct Mat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Manivannan, Ayyakkannu] USDA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Morgantown, WV 26507 USA. [Alman, David] USDA, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Albany, OR 97321 USA. [Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Swanson Sch Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Kumta, Prashant N.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Dent Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Kumta, PN (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Swanson Sch Engn, 815C,3700 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM pkumta@pitt.edu RI SAHA, PARTHA/D-5508-2011 OI SAHA, PARTHA/0000-0002-0309-8387 FU DOE-BATT program [DE-AC02-05CHI1231]; National Science Foundation [NSF-CBET-0933141]; Ford Foundation; Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM); Edward R. Weidlein Chair Professorship; National Energy Technology Laboratory's Regional University Alliance (NETLRUA), a collaborative initiative of the NETL under RES Contract [DE-FE0004000] FX As part of the National Energy Technology Laboratory's Regional University Alliance (NETLRUA), a collaborative initiative of the NETL, this technical effort was performed under the RES Contract DE-FE0004000. Financial support of Dr. Robert Romanosky is acknowledged. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the DOE-BATT program (Contract DE-AC02-05CHI1231), the National Science Foundation (NSF-CBET-0933141) and partial support of the Ford Foundation. The authors also acknowledge the Edward R. Weidlein Chair Professorship funds and the Center for Complex Engineered Multifunctional Materials (CCEMM) for partial support of this research. NR 235 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 102 U2 826 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0079-6425 J9 PROG MATER SCI JI Prog. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 66 BP 1 EP 86 DI 10.1016/j.pmatsci.2014.04.001 PG 86 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA AO6OU UT WOS:000341472200001 ER PT J AU Chambers, KB Casey, FXM Hakk, H DeSutter, TM Shappell, NW AF Chambers, Katrin B. Casey, Francis X. M. Hakk, Heldur DeSutter, Thomas M. Shappell, Nancy W. TI Potential bioactivity and association of 17 beta-estradiol with the dissolved and colloidal fractions of manure and soil SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Colloid; Dissolved; Estrogen; Bioavailability; Soil; Manure ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; ORGANIC-CARBON; HUMIC-ACID; WATER; ESTROGENS; SORPTION; BIODEGRADATION; TESTOSTERONE AB The dissolved (DF) and colloidal fractions (CF) of soil and manure play an important role in the environmental fate and transport of steroidal estrogens. The first objective of this study was to quantify the association of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) with the DF and CF isolated from (i) liquid swine manure (LSM), (ii) a soil:water mixture (soil), and (iii) a LSM:soil:water mixture (Soil + LSM). The appropriate CF and DF size fractions of the Soil, Soil + LSM, and ISM media were obtained by first filtering through a 0.45 mu m filter, which provided the combined DF and CF (DF/CF). The DF/CF from the three media was spiked with carbon-14 ([C-14]) radiolabeled E2 ([C-14]-E2), and then ultrafiltered to isolate the CF (<0.45 pm and >1 kDa) from the DF (<1 kDa). The average recoveries of the [C-14] associated with the DF were 67%-72%, 67%-79%, and 76%-78% for the Soil, Soil + LSM and LSM, respectively. For the CF that was retained on the 1 kDa filter, organic carbon and [C-14]-E2 were dislodged with subsequent water rinses the Soil + LSM and ISM, but not the Soil. The second objective was to evaluate whether the E2 associated with the various fractions of the different media could still bind the estrogen receptor using an E2 receptor (17 beta-ER) competitor assay, which allowed E2 equivalent concentrations to be determined. The estrogen receptor assay results indicated that E2 present in the DF of the Soil and Soil + LSM solutions could still bind the estrogen receptor. Results from this study indicated that E2 preferentially associated with the DF of soil and manure, which may enhance its dissolved advective transport in surface and subsurface water. Furthermore, this study indicated that E2 associated with DF solutions in the environment could potentially induce endocrine responses through its interactions with estrogen receptor. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chambers, Katrin B.] Sierra Cascade Nurseries, Bonanza, OR 97623 USA. [Casey, Francis X. M.; DeSutter, Thomas M.] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Hakk, Heldur; Shappell, Nancy W.] USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Casey, FXM (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, NDSU Dept 7680,POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM francis.casey@ndsu.edu RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2010-65102-20400] FX The authors thank Coleen Pfaff of the Biosciences Research Lab (USDA-ARS) and Nathan Derby of NDSU for their technical support. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2010-65102-20400 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture, the Agricultural Research Service, or the Food Safety and Inspection Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 494 BP 58 EP 64 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.121 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO4VR UT WOS:000341340000007 PM 25029505 ER PT J AU Heckman, K Throckmorton, H Clingensmith, C Vila, FJG Horwath, WR Knicker, H Rasmussen, C AF Heckman, Katherine Throckmorton, Heather Clingensmith, Christopher Gonzalez Vila, Francisco Javier Horwath, William R. Knicker, Heike Rasmussen, Craig TI Factors affecting the molecular structure and mean residence time of occluded organics in a lithosequence of soils under ponderosa pine SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Occluded organic matter; Forest soil; Soil organic matter; Density fractionation; Black carbon ID STATE C-13 NMR; BLACK CARBON; RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS; MATTER FRACTIONS; MINERAL CONTROL; FOREST SOILS; AMS FACILITY; SPECTROSCOPY; TURNOVER; DYNAMICS AB Occluded, or intra-aggregate, soil organic matter (SOM) comprises a significant portion of the total C pool in forest soils and often has very long mean residence times (MRTs). However, occluded C characteristics vary widely among soils and the genesis and composition of the occluded organic matter pool are not well understood. This work sought to define the major controls on the composition and MRT of occluded SUM in western U.S. conifer forest soils with specific focus on the influence of soil mineral assemblage and aggregate stability. We sampled soils from a lithosequence of four parent materials (rhyolite, granite, basalt, and dolostone) under Pinus ponderosa. Three pedons were excavated to the depth of refusal at each site and sampled by genetic horizon. After density separation at 1.8 g cm(-3) into free/light, occluded and mineral fractions, the chemical nature and mean residence time of organics in each fraction were compared. SOM chemistry was explored through the use of stable isotope analyses, C-13 NMR, and pyrolysis GC/MS. Soil charcoal content estimates were based on C-13 NMR analyses. Estimates of SUM MRT were based on steady-state modeling of SUM radiocarbon abundance measurements. Across all soils, the occluded fraction was 0.5-5 times enriched in charcoal in comparison to the bulk soil and had a substantially longer MRT than either the mineral fraction or the free/light fraction. These results suggest that charcoal from periodic burning is the primary source of occluded organics in these soils, and that the structural properties of charcoal promote its aggregation and long-term preservation. Surprisingly, aggregate stability, as measured through ultrasonic dispersion, was not correlated with occluded SUM abundance or MRT, perhaps raising questions of how well laboratory measurements of aggregate stability capture the dynamics of aggregate turnover under field conditions. Examination of the molecular characteristics of the occluded fraction was more conclusive. Occluded fraction composition did not change substantially with soil mineral assemblage, but was increasingly enriched in charcoal with depth relative to bulk SOM. Enrichment levels of C-13 and N-15 suggested a similar degree of microbial processing for the free/light and occluded fractions, and molecular structure of occluded and free/light fractions were also similar aside from charcoal enrichment in the occluded fraction. Results highlight the importance of both fire and aggregate formation to the long-term preservation of organics in western U.S. conifer forests which experience periodic burning, and suggest that the composition of occluded SOM in these soils is dependent on fire and the selective occlusion of charcoal. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Heckman, Katherine; Clingensmith, Christopher; Rasmussen, Craig] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Throckmorton, Heather; Horwath, William R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gonzalez Vila, Francisco Javier; Knicker, Heike] CSIC, Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol Sevilla, E-41080 Seville, Spain. RP Heckman, K (reprint author), USDA, CAMS, Forest Serv, No Res Stn,,LLNL, L-397,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. EM kaheckman@fs.fed.us; hthrockmorton@lanl.gov; c.clingensmith.ufl@gmail.com; fjgon@irnase.csic.es; wrhorwath@usdavis.edu; knicker@irnase.csic.es; crasmuss@cals.arizona.edu RI Knicker, Heike/H-4530-2015 OI Knicker, Heike/0000-0002-0483-2109 FU National Science Foundation (EAR) [0725019]; USDA Forest Service, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Michigan Technological University; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-646432]; National Science Foundation (DEB) [0543130]; Geological Society of America; National Science Foundation (EAR/IF) [0929850] FX This work was funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation to S. Brantley and T. White (EAR #0725019), a grant from the National Science Foundation to C. Rasmussen, J. Chorover and E. Schwartz (DEB #0543130), a grant from the National Science Foundation to C. Rasmussen and M. Schaap (EAR/IF # 0929850), and a graduate student research grant from the Geological Society of America. The authors wish to thank Trinidad Verdejo for her assistance in obtaining and analyzing pyrolysis GC/MS data at IRNAS, and Dr. S. Mercer Meding for his support and assistance at the University of Arizona. A portion of the radiocarbon data included in this manuscript was generously provided by the Radiocarbon Collaborative, which is jointly sponsored by the USDA Forest Service, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory and Michigan Technological University. We acknowledge support from the J. G. Boswell Endowed Chair in Soil Science for supporting the pyrolysis GC/MS analysis. A portion of this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-07NA27344, LLNL-JRNL-646432. We also wish to acknowledge the insights and efforts of two anonymous reviewers who helped improve the quality of this manuscript. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 72 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 77 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2014.05.028 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AO7TX UT WOS:000341556600001 ER PT J AU Lawson, SS Michler, CH AF Lawson, Shaneka S. Michler, Charles H. TI Overexpression of AtSTO1 leads to improved salt tolerance in Populus tremula x P. alba SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Salt tolerance; Poplar; Arabidopsis; STO1; Pith ID ABSCISIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; NA+/H+ ANTIPORTER; LIGNIN BIOSYNTHESIS; PLANT-RESPONSES; ARABIDOPSIS; STRESS; GENE; DROUGHT; POPLAR; RICE AB One of the major abiotic stress conditions limiting healthy growth of trees is salinity stress. The use of gene manipulation for increased tolerance to abiotic stress has been successful in many plant species. Overexpression of the Arabidopsis SALT TOLERANT1 (STO1) gene leads to increased concentrations of 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase3, a vital enzyme in Arabidopsis abscisic acid biosynthesis. In the present work, the Arabidopsis STO1 gene (AtSTO1) was overexpressed in poplar to determine if the transgene would confer enhanced salt tolerance to the generated transgenics. The results of multiple greenhouse trials indicated that the transgenic poplar lines had greater levels of resistance to NaCl than wild-type plants. Analysis using RT-PCR indicated a variation in the relative abundance of the STO1 transcript in the transgenics that coincided with tolerance to salt. Several physiological and morphological changes such as greater overall biomass, greater root biomass, improved photosynthesis, and greater pith size were observed in the transgenics when compared to controls undergoing salt stress. These results indicated overexpression of AtSTO1 improved salt tolerance in poplar. C1 [Lawson, Shaneka S.; Michler, Charles H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, HTIRC, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Lawson, Shaneka S.; Michler, Charles H.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HTIRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Lawson, SS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, HTIRC, USDA, 195 Marstellar St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sslawson@purdue.edu NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 EI 1573-9368 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 817 EP 826 DI 10.1007/s11248-014-9808-x PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AO6BY UT WOS:000341434600011 PM 24929937 ER PT J AU Telugu, B Park, KE AF Telugu, Bhanu Park, Ki-Eun TI CRISPR/Cas-mediated gene targeting in porcine embryos SO TRANSGENIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Telugu, Bhanu; Park, Ki-Eun] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Telugu, Bhanu; Park, Ki-Eun] USDA ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-8819 EI 1573-9368 J9 TRANSGENIC RES JI Transgenic Res. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 MA 148 BP 885 EP 886 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AO6BY UT WOS:000341434600160 ER PT J AU Cross, MB Hallett, AM Ledoux, TA O'Connor, DP Hughes, SO AF Cross, Matthew B. Hallett, Allen M. Ledoux, Tracey A. O'Connor, Daniel P. Hughes, Sheryl O. TI Effects of children's self-regulation of eating on parental feeding practices and child weight SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE Parent feeding; Minorities; Self-regulation ID BODY-MASS INDEX; LIFE RISK-FACTORS; BEHAVIORAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MISSING DATA; US CHILDREN; OBESITY; QUESTIONNAIRE; ADIPOSITY; FAMILIES AB The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-regulation of eating in minority preschool-aged children mediates the relationship between parent feeding practices and child weight. Participants were 299 low-income African American and Hispanic parents and their preschool-aged children who participated in Head Start. Parents completed questionnaires about controlling feeding practices (pressure to eat, restriction) and children's appetitive characteristics (enjoyment of food, food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness). Path analyses were used to determine whether children's self-regulation of eating mediated the relationship between feeding practices and child weight. Greater satiety responsiveness in African American preschool-age children partially mediated the inverse association between pressure to eat and children's weight, B (SE) = -0.073 (0.036), P < .05. Enjoyment of food and food responsiveness did not mediate the relationship between pressure to eat and weight in the African American sample, ps > .05, nor did appetitive characteristics mediate the relationship between restriction ant. child weight, ps > .05. Appetitive characteristics did not mediate the relationship between controlling feeding practices and child weight in the Hispanic sample, ps > .05. Implications include the need for culturally sensitive self-report measures and for researchers to account for the possible effects of racial/ethnic differences when designing interventions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Cross, Matthew B.; Hallett, Allen M.; Ledoux, Tracey A.; O'Connor, Daniel P.] Univ Houston, Texas Obes Res Ctr, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Hughes, Sheryl O.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Cross, MB (reprint author), Univ Houston, Texas Obes Res Ctr, Dept Hlth & Human Performance, 3855 Holman St,Susanna Garrison Gym Room 104, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM mbcross@uh.edu OI Cross, Matthew B./0000-0002-9495-0976 FU United States Department of Agriculture [2006-55215-16696]; USDA/ARS [6250-51000-053] FX This research was supported by funds from the United States Department of Agriculture, Grant No. 2006-55215-16696. This work is a publication of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA/ARS) Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, and has been funded in part with federal funds from USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 6250-51000-053. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. NR 60 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 41 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 EI 1095-8304 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 81 BP 76 EP 83 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2014.06.014 PG 8 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AO0GL UT WOS:000340987000011 PM 24930598 ER PT J AU Bailey, BN Stoll, R Pardyjak, ER Mahaffee, WF AF Bailey, Brian N. Stoll, Rob Pardyjak, Eric R. Mahaffee, Walter F. TI Effect of vegetative canopy architecture on vertical transport of massless particles SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Lagrangian particle dispersion model; Large-eddy simulation; Persistence time; Residence time; Sparse canopy; Vineyard ID LARGE-EDDY SIMULATION; DISPERSION MODELS; TURBULENCE; FOREST; WIND; FLOWS AB Large-eddy simulations of approximately resolved heterogeneous vegetative canopies with repeating row structure were compared to 'equivalent' homogeneous simulations to explore how overall canopy density and horizontal heterogeneity influence the vertical transport of non-depositing massless fluid parcels. A Lagrangian approach was used to quantify particle dispersion. The subgrid component of particle motion was modeled with a Langevin equation that was integrated with a new semi-implicit scheme that successfully minimized rogue trajectories. With rogue trajectories controlled, the subgrid model had a negligible impact on average statistics. Analysis suggested that above the canopy top, canopy density and heterogeneity had a minor effect on mean profiles of particle concentration and vertical flux. However, increasing canopy density resulted in a linear increase in particle residence time, and increased the importance of release height on canopy escape. The average time of persistent vertical particle motions did not follow this monotonic trend. For sufficiently dense canopies, the time scale of persistent vertical motions increased with decreasing canopy density in agreement with mixing-layer scaling. As wall shear became significant, a transition was observed in which persistence decreased with decreasing canopy density. The effect of canopy heterogeneity on residence time and persistence was well correlated with the strength of dispersive fluxes. Canopy heterogeneity decreased the average time for a particle to escape the canopy, and also reduced the coherence of vertical particle motions. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bailey, Brian N.; Stoll, Rob; Pardyjak, Eric R.] Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Mahaffee, Walter F.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. RP Stoll, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Mech Engn, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM rstoll@eng.utah.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [IDR CBET-PDM 113458, EPS 1208732, AGS 1255662]; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [5358-22000-039-00D]; NSF FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grants IDR CBET-PDM 113458, EPS 1208732, and AGS 1255662 and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) project 5358-22000-039-00D. We acknowledge high-performance computing support from Yellowstone (ark:/85065/d7wd3xhc) provided by NCAR's Computational and Information Systems Laboratory, sponsored by the NSF. An allocation of computer time from the Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah is also gratefully acknowledged. The use, trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication are for information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an endorsement or approval by the NSF, USDA, and the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 95 BP 480 EP 489 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.058 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO0CT UT WOS:000340977400047 ER PT J AU Felix, JD Elliott, EM Gish, T Maghirang, R Cambal, L Clougherty, J AF Felix, J. David Elliott, Emily M. Gish, Timothy Maghirang, Ronaldo Cambal, Leah Clougherty, Jane TI Examining the transport of ammonia emissions across landscapes using nitrogen isotope ratios SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Ammonia; Emissions; Isotope; Nitrogen; Ammonium ID ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA; COMPENSATION POINT; REDUCED NITROGEN; USA; PRECIPITATION; ENVIRONMENT; DEPOSITION; ABUNDANCE; EXCHANGE; NITRATE AB The proportion of reactive nitrogen in wet deposition attributable to ammonium (NH4+) has increased over the last three decades in the U.S. due to steadily increasing NH3 emissions and concomitant reductions in NOx emissions. The importance of examining NH3 emission sources and transport is amplified as the fraction of NH3 contributing to reactive nitrogen budget increases. Presented here is a study illustrating how the nitrogen stable isotopic composition of NH3 (delta N-15-NH3) can be used to characterize the transport of NH3 emissions at the landscape-scale. To accomplish this, ambient NH3 was sampled across varying land use types (e.g. conventionally managed cornfield, tallgrass prairie, concentrated animal feeding operation (CAFO), dairy operation, urban setting) and analyzed for delta N-15-NH3 values. Ambient delta N-15-NH3 values at a conventionally managed cornfield were used in an isotope mixing model to make first order approximations of NH3 source contributions to ambient air over the cornfield. Results suggest that while volatilized fertilizer is a primary contributor to ambient NH3 after fertilizer application, during periods of low or no fertilization, vehicle NH3 emissions can be a substantial contributor to ambient NH3 over cornfields that are adjacent to roadways. These source approximations can aid in evaluating NH3 emission abatement techniques to local landscapes. Modeled NH3 deposition flux at a CAFO was found to contribute a considerable amount of nitrogen to the landscape and delta N-15-NH3 values were used to trace the livestock source contributing to this flux. Ambient NH3 concentrations and delta N-15-NH3 values were measured across an urban region and delta N-15-NH3 values indicated primarily fossil fuel-based emissions and large spatial variations in NH3 concentrations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Felix, J. David; Elliott, Emily M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gish, Timothy] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Maghirang, Ronaldo] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Cambal, Leah; Clougherty, Jane] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Felix, JD (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, 4107 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM felixj@uncw.edu RI Elliott, Emily /E-8122-2011 OI Elliott, Emily /0000-0002-9653-1513 FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grant, USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Air Quality Program [05-13204-6800-00000-404178] FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 05-13204-6800-00000-404178 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service Air Quality Program. We thank John Cala and the Sherry family for aiding in sample collection. We also thank Katherine Redling for isotopic analysis at the University of Pittsburgh Regional Stable Isotope Laboratory for Earth and Environmental Science Research. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 8 U2 54 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1352-2310 EI 1873-2844 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 95 BP 563 EP 570 DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.06.061 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO0CT UT WOS:000340977400056 ER PT J AU Hand, BK Cushman, SA Landguth, EL Lucotch, J AF Hand, Brian K. Cushman, Sam A. Landguth, Erin L. Lucotch, John TI Assessing multi-taxa sensitivity to the human footprint, habitat fragmentation and loss by exploring alternative scenarios of dispersal ability and population size: a simulation approach SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Connectivity modeling; Least-cost paths; Resistant kernels; UNICOR ID CLIMATIC-CHANGE; LANDSCAPES; VEGETATION; CONNECTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY; MOVEMENTS; STATES; MODEL; AREA AB Quantifying the effects of landscape change on population connectivity is compounded by uncertainties about population size and distribution and a limited understanding of dispersal ability for most species. In addition, the effects of anthropogenic landscape change and sensitivity to regional climatic conditions interact to strongly affect habitat fragmentation and loss. To further develop conservation theory and to understand the interplay between all of these factors, we simulated habitat fragmentation and loss across the Western United States for several hypothetical species associated with four biome types, and a range of habitat requirements and dispersal abilities. We found dispersal ability and population size of the focal species to be equally sensitive to habitat extent, while dispersal ability is more sensitive to habitat fragmentation. There were also strong critical threshold effects where habitat connectivity decreased disproportionately to decreases in life-history traits making these species near these thresholds more sensitive to changes in habitat loss and fragmentation. Overall, grassland and forest associated species are also most at risk from habitat loss and fragmentation driven by human related land-use. These two largest biome types were most sensitive at large contiguous patch sizes which is often considered most important for metapopulation viability and biodiversity conservation. Hypothetical simulation studies such as this can be of great value to scientists in further conceptualizing and developing conservation theory, and evaluating spatially-explicit scenarios of habitat connectivity. Our results are available for download in a web-based interactive mapping prototype useful for accessing the results of this study. C1 [Hand, Brian K.] Univ Montana, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Cushman, Sam A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Landguth, Erin L.; Lucotch, John] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Hand, BK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. EM brian.hand@umontana.edu FU National Science Foundation [DGE-0504628]; Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture FX BKH was supported by a National Science Foundation Grant (DGE-0504628). This work was supported in part by funds provided by the Rocky Mountain Research Station, Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 66 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 23 IS 11 BP 2761 EP 2779 DI 10.1007/s10531-014-0747-x PG 19 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO1OB UT WOS:000341081400006 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Bock, CH Hotchkiss, MW AF Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Bock, Clive H. Hotchkiss, Michael W. TI Suppression of pecan and peach pathogens on different substrates using Xenorhabdus bovienii and Photorhabdus luminescens SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Biological control; Armillaria; Fusicladium effusum Photorhabdus luminescens; Phytophthora cactorum; Xenorhabdus bovienii; Plant disease ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; BROWN-ROT; IN-VITRO; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; PHYTOPHTHORA-CACTORUM; ANTIBIOTIC-ACTIVITY; PLANT-PATHOGENS; METABOLITES; SENSITIVITY AB Prior research indicated the ability of concentrated metabolites from Xenorhabdus spp. and Photorhabdus spp. to suppress a variety of peach and pecan diseases in vitro, and on detached pecan leaves or terminals. In the current study, our objectives were to (1) determine if bacterial broths (in addition to concentrated metabolites tested previously) have suppressive ability and (2) determine if metabolites or bacterial broths are active in a soil medium. In laboratory studies, two pathogens of pecan (Fusicladium effusum and Phytophthora cactorum) and one peach pathogen (Armillaria tabescens) were tested for susceptibility to Xenorhabdus bovienii (SN) and Photorhabdus luminescens (VS) bacterial broths or concentrated metabolites on three different substrates. Treatments were applied to lesions of F. effusum on terminals to ascertain any suppressive effect on sporulation, to A. tabescens in soil to determine effect on survival of mycelia, and to lesions caused by P. cactorum on pecan leaf surfaces to assess any reduction in lesion development. Acetone (the metabolite solvent), un-inoculated media (tryptic soy broth) and water were included as controls. The X. bovienii metabolite treatment was as efficacious as a commercial fungicide (fenbuconazole) in reducing sporulation of F. effusum on pecan terminals. The P. luminescens metabolite treatment also caused reduced sporulation relative to water and acetone controls but bacterial broths had no effect. In contrast, all bacterial broth and metabolite treatments suppressed lesion growth caused by P. cactorum (measured on detached leaves maintained on agar). However, in soil, only the P. luminescens metabolite treatment was suppressive to A. tabescens (this is the first report of Photorhabdus or Xenorhabdus toxicity to Armillaria spp.). This study provides a basis for further research on the use of Xenorhabdus and Photorhabdus metabolites or bacterial broth for suppression of pecan and peach diseases. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.; Bock, Clive H.; Hotchkiss, Michael W.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov FU Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission FX We thank Kathy Halat, Tanvi Wadiwala, and Jasmine Williams for technical assistance and the Georgia Agricultural Commodity Commission for funding a portion of this research. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD OCT PY 2014 VL 77 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.05.010 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AN7WD UT WOS:000340810800001 ER PT J AU Krugner, R Wallis, CM Walse, SS AF Krugner, Rodrigo Wallis, Christopher M. Walse, Spencer S. TI Attraction of the egg parasitoid, Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) to synthetic formulation of a (E)-beta-ocimene and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene mixture SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Egg parasitoids; Tritrophic interactions; Host location; Xylella fastidiosa; Vitis vinifera ID ALPHA-FARNESENE; PIERCES DISEASE; CICADELLIDAE; CALIFORNIA; HEMIPTERA; VOLATILES; RESPONSES; SYNTHASE; HOST; SEMIOCHEMICALS AB Glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), is a vector of the xylem-inhabitant bacterium Xylella fastidiosa Wells et al., which causes Pierce's disease of grapevines. Current GWSS control strategies in California, USA include area-wide insecticide applications and mass release of mymarid egg parasitoids, including Gonatocerus ashmeadi Girault. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to identify (E)-beta-ocimene and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene as volatiles emitted from grapevines on which GWSS had previously fed and oviposited. Attractiveness of female G. ashmeadi to sugar-based formulations containing either (E)-beta-ocimene, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, or a mixture of both was evaluated using Y-tube olfactometry. When exposed to synthetic formulation containing a mixture of (E)-beta-ocimene and (E,E)-alpha-farnesene vs. blank control, 61% of G. ashmeadi females initially chose the synthetic formulation. After the initial choice for a Y-tube arm, females visited the Y-tube arm connected to the source of formulation more often than it did to the arm connected to a blank control. There was no difference in the female's time spent in the arm connected to the formulation. When testing formulations containing either (E)-beta-ocimene or (E,E)-alpha-farnesene alone, there was a 1:1 ratio between the proportion of parasitoid's first choice, visits, and residence time. Results suggest that synthetic formulations containing mixtures of certain plant volatiles may be used to localize GWSS egg parasitoids in vineyard systems. Results are discussed in the context of potential applications in GWSS biological control programs. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Krugner, Rodrigo; Wallis, Christopher M.; Walse, Spencer S.] San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, United States Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Krugner, R (reprint author), San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, United States Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Rodrigo.Krugner@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 35 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD OCT PY 2014 VL 77 BP 23 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.06.005 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AN7WD UT WOS:000340810800004 ER PT J AU Meszaros, A Oi, DH Valles, SM Beuzelin, JM Reay-Jones, FPF Johnson, SJ AF Meszaros, Anna Oi, David H. Valles, Steven M. Beuzelin, Julien M. Reay-Jones, Francis P. F. Johnson, Seth J. TI Distribution of Pseudacteon spp. (Diptera: Phoridae), biological control agents of Solenopsis spp. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), in Louisiana and associated prevalence of Kneallhazia solenopsae (Microsporidia: Thelohaniidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Decapitating flies; Range expansion; Solenopsis invicta; Solenopsis richteri; Red imported fire ant; Entomopathogen ID FIRE ANTS HYMENOPTERA; DECAPITATING FLIES DIPTERA; SOUTH-AMERICA; TRICUSPIS DIPTERA; CURVATUS DIPTERA; FLY PARASITOIDS; UNITED-STATES; POPULATIONS; BEHAVIOR; PATTERNS AB Phorid flies, Pseudacteon spp. (Diptera: Phoridae), have been released in the United States since 1996 as biological control agents for imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, Solenopsis richteri Forel, and their hybrid (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). A statewide survey was conducted in Louisiana during 2009 and 2010 to determine the distribution of Pseudacteon tricuspis Borgmeier and Pseudacteon curvatus Borgmeier, and to quantify the potential spatial association between the two species. Additionally, collected phorid flies were tested for the microsporidium Kneallhazia (=Thelohania) solenopsae (Knell, Allen, and Hazard), another natural enemy of fire ants, to establish an account of the pathogen's distribution and prevalence in phorid fly populations. P. tricuspis and P. curvatus have expanded their range from four and three separate release sites, respectively, in Louisiana. By 2010, P. tricuspis and P. curvatus occupied approximately 86,600 and 111,900 km(2), respectively. Overall, P. curvatus was more abundant than P. tricuspis, with 41.9 +/- 7.3 (SE) and 9.8 +/- 1.5 (SE) females, respectively, collected on average per sampling site in 2009. Spatial Analysis by Distance IndicEs (SADIE) suggested aggregation for the two phorid fly species. P. tricuspis collections were positively associated with P. curvatus collections, indicating that gaps and clusters of both species generally overlapped. K. solenopsae was detected in 22 of 64 parishes, and among 124 collection sites tested, 19% yielded positive responses for K. solenopsae. P. tricuspis males and females and P. curvatus females were found to harbor K. solenopsae. This study is the first to detect K. solenopsae in P. tricuspis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meszaros, Anna; Beuzelin, Julien M.; Johnson, Seth J.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Oi, David H.; Valles, Steven M.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Reay-Jones, Francis P. F.] Clemson Univ, Pee Dee Res & Educ Ctr, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Florence, SC 29506 USA. RP Meszaros, A (reprint author), Pest Management Enterprises LLC, Bayou Rd,POB 302, Cheneyville, LA 71325 USA. EM ameszaros.pme@aol.com; david.oi@ars.usda.gov; steven.valles@ars.usda.gov; jbeuzelin@agcenter.lsu.edu; freayjo@clemson.edu; sjohnson@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 32 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 EI 1090-2112 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD OCT PY 2014 VL 77 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.06.011 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA AN7WD UT WOS:000340810800012 ER PT J AU Ge, XM Matsumoto, T Keith, L Li, YB AF Ge, Xumeng Matsumoto, Tracie Keith, Lisa Li, Yebo TI Biogas energy production from tropical biomass wastes by anaerobic digestion SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tropical; Biomass waste; Anaerobic digestion; Biogas; Albizia ID SOLID-STATE; LEUCAENA-LEUCOCEPHALA; FUNGAL PRETREATMENT; METHANE PRODUCTION; VEGETABLE WASTE; YARD TRIMMINGS; CO-DIGESTION; FRUIT; RESIDUES; STOVER AB Anaerobic digestion (AD) is an attractive technology in tropical regions for converting locally abundant biomass wastes into biogas which can be used to produce heat, electricity, and transportation fuels. However, investigations on AD of tropical forestry wastes, such as albizia biomass and food wastes, such as taro, papaya, and sweet potato, are limited. In this study, these tropical biomass wastes were evaluated for biogas production by liquid AD (L-AD) and/or solid-state AD (SS-AD), depending on feedstock characteristics. When albizia leaves and chips were used as feedstocks, L-AD had greater methane yields (161 and 113 L kg (1) VS, respectively) than SS-AD (156.8 and 59.6 L kg (1) VS, respectively), while SS-AD achieved 5-fold higher volumetric methane productivity than L-AD. Mono-digestion and co-digestion of taro skin, taro flesh, papaya, and sweet potato achieved methane yields from 345 to 411 L kg (1) VS, indicating the robustness of AD technology. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ge, Xumeng; Li, Yebo] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Matsumoto, Tracie; Keith, Lisa] USDA, ARS, DKI US PBARC, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Li, YB (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM li.851@osu.edu RI Li, Yebo/B-7889-2012 FU United States Office of Naval Research; USDA NIFA Hatch Program FX This project was funded by the United States Office of Naval Research and USDA NIFA Hatch Program. The authors would like to thank Mrs. Mary Wicks (Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, OSU) for reading through the manuscript and providing useful suggestions. The authors also would like to thank Dr. Dennis Gonsalves for his vision and scientific discussion on the utilization of feedstock from Hawaii. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 7 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 169 BP 38 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.067 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AN8ZH UT WOS:000340894400006 PM 25022835 ER PT J AU Leathers, TD Bischoff, KM Rich, JO Price, NPJ Manitchotpisit, P Nunnally, MS Anderson, AM AF Leathers, Timothy D. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Rich, Joseph O. Price, Neil P. J. Manitchotpisit, Pennapa Nunnally, Melinda S. Anderson, Amber M. TI Inhibitors of biofilm formation by biofuel fermentation contaminants SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biofilm; Biofuel; Contaminants; Inhibitors; Lactobacillus ID FUEL ETHANOL FERMENTATIONS; AUREOBASIDIUM-PULLULANS; BACTERIAL CONTAMINANTS; GROWTH; SUSCEPTIBILITY; IDENTIFICATION; MESENTEROIDES; STRAINS; OILS AB Biofuel fermentation contaminants such as Lactobacillus sp. may persist in production facilities by forming recalcitrant biofilms. In this study, biofilm-forming strains of Lactobacillus brevis, Lactobacillus fermentum, and Lactobacillus plantarum were isolated and characterized from a dry-grind fuel ethanol plant. A variety of potential biofilm inhibitors were tested, including microbial polysaccharides, commercial enzymes, ferric ammonium citrate, liamocins, phage endolysin, xylitol, and culture supernatants from Bacillus sp. A commercial enzyme mixture (Novozyme 188) and culture supernatants from Bacillus subtilis strains ALT3A and RPT-82412 were identified as the most promising biofilm inhibitors. In biofilm flow cells, these inhibitors reduced the density of viable biofilm cells by 0.8-0.9 log cfu/cm(2). Unlike B. subtilis strain RPT-82412, B. subtilis strain ALT3A and Novozyme 188 did not inhibit planktonic growth of Lactobacillus sp. MALDI-TOF mass spectra showed the production of surfactin-like molecules by both B. subtilis strains, and the coproduction of iturin-like molecules by strain RPT-82412. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Leathers, Timothy D.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Rich, Joseph O.; Price, Neil P. J.; Nunnally, Melinda S.; Anderson, Amber M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Manitchotpisit, Pennapa] Rangsit Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Med Sci, Biochem Unit, Lakhok 12000, Pathumthani, Thailand. RP Leathers, TD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM tim.leathers@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 169 BP 45 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.065 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AN8ZH UT WOS:000340894400007 PM 25022836 ER PT J AU Hunter, WJ Manter, DK AF Hunter, William J. Manter, Daniel K. TI Pre-treatment step with Leuconostoc mesenteroides or L. pseudomesenteroides strains removes furfural from Zymomonas mobilis ethanolic fermentation broth SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Furan-2-carboxaldehyde; 2-Furaldehyde; Furfuraldehyde; Biofuel; Furfural alcohol ID ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION; ACID PRETREATMENT; DETOXIFICATION; LIGNOCELLULOSE; INHIBITORS AB Furfural is an inhibitor of growth and ethanol production by Zymomonas mobilis. This study used a naturally occurring (not GMO) biological pre-treatment to reduce that amount of furfural in a model fermentation broth. Pre-treatment involved inoculating and incubating the fermentation broth with strains of Leuconostoc mesenteroides or Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. The Leuconostoc strains converted furfural to furfuryl alcohol without consuming large amounts of dextrose in the process. Coupling this pre-treatment to ethanolic fermentation reduced furfural in the broth and improved growth, dextrose uptake and ethanol formation. Pre-treatment permitted ethanol formation in the presence of 5.2 g L-1 furfural, which was otherwise inhibitive. The pre-treatment and presence of the Leuconostoc strains in the fermentation broth did not interfere with Z. mobilis ethanolic fermentation or the amounts of ethanol produced. The method suggests a possible technique for reducing the effect that furfural has on the production of ethanol for use as a biofuel. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hunter, William J.; Manter, Daniel K.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Manter, DK (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2150-D Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM daniel.manter@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0960-8524 EI 1873-2976 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 169 BP 162 EP 168 DI 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.06.097 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AN8ZH UT WOS:000340894400022 PM 25048957 ER PT J AU Deng, X Lopes, S Wang, X Sun, X Jones, D Irey, M Civerolo, E Chen, J AF Deng, X. Lopes, S. Wang, X. Sun, X. Jones, D. Irey, M. Civerolo, E. Chen, J. TI Characterization of "Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus" Populations by Double-Locus Analyses SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUANGLONGBING BACTERIUM; GREENING DISEASE; CITRUS; CALIFORNIA; GUANGDONG; SEQUENCE; GENOME; CHINA AB "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CaLas) is associated with citrus Huanglongbing (HLB, yellow shoot disease), which is highly destructive to world citrus production. Understanding the relationships of CaLas isolates from different geographical regions is important for HLB research and development of disease management strategies. In this study, 301 CaLas isolates [85 Brazil, 132 China, and 84 U.S. (83 Florida and 1 California)] were collected, and genomic variations among them were evaluated based on the analyses of two genomic loci: trn1, characteristic of variable tandem repeat numbers (TRNs), and snp1, characteristic of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Locus trn1 revealed the homogeneity of all Brazilian isolates, and locus snp1 revealed the homogeneity of most Florida isolates. When the two loci were analyzed simultaneously, i.e., double-locus (DL) analyses, CaLas isolates were clustered mostly according to geographical origins. DL genotype 1 included 97 % of the Chinese isolates, DL genotype 2 included all Brazilian isolates, and DL genotype 3 included 93 % of the U.S. isolates. DL analyses successfully revealed inter-continental overlapping or movement pattern of CaLas isolates. The isolate recently found in California belonged to Asiatic DL genotype 1. C1 [Deng, X.] South China Agr Univ, Lab Citrus Huanglongbing Res, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Lopes, S.] Fundecitrus, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Wang, X.] Southwest Univ, Citrus Res Inst, Natl Engn Res Ctr Citrus, Chongqing, Peoples R China. [Sun, X.; Jones, D.] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL USA. [Irey, M.] US Sugar Corp Southern Gardens Citrus, Clewiston, FL USA. [Civerolo, E.; Chen, J.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM Jianchi.Chen@ars.usda.gov RI Lopes, Silvio/L-8100-2016 FU California Citrus Research Board grant; Chinese Modern Agricultural Technology Systems [nycytx-07]; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, China [2010003067] FX Part of this research was supported by a California Citrus Research Board grant, Chinese Modern Agricultural Technology Systems (nycytx-07), and Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (2010003067). We thank G. Phillips, S. Lee, T. Takeda, and R. Huerta for their technical support. We thank L. Kumagai, C. Blomquist, and C. Hollingsworth in providing DNA of the California CaLas isolate and their support for this research. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0343-8651 EI 1432-0991 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 4 BP 554 EP 560 DI 10.1007/s00284-014-0621-9 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AO1OJ UT WOS:000341082400021 PM 24912994 ER PT J AU Florin-Christensen, M Suarez, CE Rodriguez, AE Flores, DA Schnittger, L AF Florin-Christensen, Monica Suarez, Carlos E. Rodriguez, Anabel E. Flores, Daniela A. Schnittger, Leonhard TI Vaccines against bovine babesiosis: where we are now and possible roads ahead SO PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bovine babesiosis; live vaccines; subunit vaccines; transfection; erythrocyte; invasion; tick-parasite interaction; immune response ID RHOPTRY-ASSOCIATED PROTEIN-1; RHIPICEPHALUS BOOPHILUS MICROPLUS; APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; SPHERICAL-BODY PROTEIN; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; DIVERGENS PHYLUM APICOMPLEXA; REDUCES VECTOR INFESTATIONS; RIBOSOMAL PHOSPHOPROTEIN P0; CULTURE-DERIVED EXOANTIGENS AB Bovine babesiosis caused by the tick-transmitted haemoprotozoans Babesia bovis, Babesia bigemina and Babesia divergens commonly results in substantial cattle morbidity and mortality in vast world areas. Although existing live vaccines confer protection, they have considerable disadvantages. Therefore, particularly in countries where large numbers of cattle are at risk, important research is directed towards improved vaccination strategies. Here a comprehensive overview of currently used live vaccines and of the status quo of experimental vaccine trials is presented. In addition, pertinent research fields potentially contributing to the development of novel non-live and/or live vaccines are discussed, including parasite antigens involved in host cell invasion and in pathogen-tick interactions, as well as the protective immunity against infection. The mining of available parasite genomes is continuously enlarging the array of potential vaccine candidates and, additionally, the recent development of a transfection tool for Babesia can significantly contribute to vaccine design. However, the complication and high cost of vaccination trials hinder Babesia vaccine research, and have so far seriously limited the systematic examination of antigen candidates and prevented an in-depth testing of formulations using different immunomodulators and antigen delivery systems. C1 [Florin-Christensen, Monica; Rodriguez, Anabel E.; Flores, Daniela A.; Schnittger, Leonhard] INTA Castelar, CICVyA, Inst Patobiol, RA-1686 Hurlingham, Argentina. [Florin-Christensen, Monica; Schnittger, Leonhard] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Suarez, Carlos E.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Suarez, Carlos E.] ARS, ADRU, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Flores, Daniela A.] ANPCyT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. RP Florin-Christensen, M (reprint author), INTA Castelar, CICVyA, Inst Patobiol, Los Reseros & Nicolas Repetto S-N, RA-1686 Hurlingham, Argentina. EM jacobsen.monica@inta.gob.ar FU National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET); US Department of Agriculture (USDA); National Institute of Agricultural Technology of Argentina (INTA); National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology, Argentina (ANPCyT); European Commission [INCO 245145]; INTA [PE 1131034]; ANPCyT [PICT 2010-0438, 2011-0114]; USDA (USDA-ARS CRIS) [5348-32000-034-00D] FX This work was supported by salaries from the National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET) to MFC and LS; the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) to CES; the National Institute of Agricultural Technology of Argentina (INTA) to AER, and the National Agency for the Promotion of Science and Technology, Argentina (ANPCyT) to DAF; and grants from the European Commission (INCO 245145), INTA (PE 1131034), ANPCyT (PICT 2010-0438 and 2011-0114) and USDA (USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5348-32000-034-00D). NR 322 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 23 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0031-1820 EI 1469-8161 J9 PARASITOLOGY JI Parasitology PD OCT PY 2014 VL 141 IS 12 BP 1563 EP 1592 DI 10.1017/S0031182014000961 PG 30 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AO2WO UT WOS:000341187600003 ER PT J AU Zurlini, G Jones, KB Riitters, KH Li, BL Petrosillo, I AF Zurlini, Giovanni Jones, Kenneth Bruce Riitters, Kurt Hans Li, Bai-Lian Petrosillo, Irene TI Early warning signals of regime shifts from cross-scale connectivity of land-cover patterns SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Cross-scale patterns; Early warning signals; Desertification processes; Neutral landscape models; Rigidity traps ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY; CATASTROPHIC SHIFTS; LANDSCAPE PATTERN; MULTIPLE SCALES; NEUTRAL MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESILIENCE AB Increasing external pressures from human activities and climate change can lead to desertification, affecting the livelihood of more than 25% of the world's population. Thus, determining proximity to transition to desertification is particularly central for arid regions before they may convert into deserts, and recent research has focused on devising early warning signals for anticipating such regime shifts. We here draw the attention to some emerging land-cover cross-scale patterns with a historical characteristic sequence of different regimes in arid or semi-arid Mediterranean regions that could indicate an impending transition to the tightening and extension of desertification processes. Inflexibility of land administration may, in turn, reinforce desertification processes, erode the resilience and promote regime shifts and collapse instead of the adaptability required to counter surprises due to climate change. Various theoretical studies have designated the increase in spatial connectivity as the leading indicator of early warning for an impending critical transition of regime shifts. We show that a potential way to address early warning signals of regime shifts to monitor and predict changes is to look at current land-cover regime within a simple framework for interpreting cross-scale spatial patterns. We provide examples of this approach for the Apulia region in southern Italy with desertification processes in place, and discuss what a cross-scale land-cover pattern could mean, what it says about the condition of socio-ecological landscapes, and what could be the effects of changing observed conditions ought to, for instance, climate change. We took advantage of the rich information provided by cross-scale pattern analysis in the pattern transition space provided by classic neutral landscape models. We show potentially dramatic shifts of connectivity at low land-cover composition below certain thresholds, and suggest that the degree to which the observed pattern departs from a particular neutral model can indicate early warning signals of regime shifts, and how those landscapes might evolve/react to additional land-cover variation. Moreover, as the land-cover pattern mostly depends on social-economic factors, we argue that we have to change societal values at the root of inflexibility. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zurlini, Giovanni; Petrosillo, Irene] Univ Salento, Lab Landscape Ecol, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Ecotekne, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. [Jones, Kenneth Bruce] Desert Res Inst, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Riitters, Kurt Hans] US Forest Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Li, Bai-Lian] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Ecol Complex & Modeling Lab, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Petrosillo, I (reprint author), Univ Salento, Lab Landscape Ecol, Dept Biol & Environm Sci & Technol, Ecotekne, I-73100 Lecce, Italy. EM irene.petrosillo@unisalento.it RI Petrosillo, Irene/N-8039-2015; OI Petrosillo, Irene/0000-0002-7359-4095; Zurlini, Giovanni/0000-0002-2432-5294 NR 82 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 14 U2 71 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 45 BP 549 EP 560 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.018 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN0ZI UT WOS:000340312100059 ER PT J AU Karl, JW Gillan, JK Barger, NN Herrick, JE Duniway, MC AF Karl, Jason W. Gillan, Jeffrey K. Barger, Nichole N. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Duniway, Michael C. TI Interpretation of high-resolution imagery for detecting vegetation cover composition change after fuels reduction treatments in woodlands SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Image interpretation; Rangeland monitoring; Remote sensing; High-resolution; Land cover; Change detection ID SCALE AERIAL IMAGERY; RANGELAND VEGETATION; DIGITAL IMAGERY; PHOTOGRAPHY; CLASSIFICATION; ATTRIBUTES; MANAGEMENT; AGREEMENT; USA AB The use of very high resolution (VHR; ground sampling distances = 10 cm and <20 cm), moderately thick (>= 20 cm and <30 cm), and thick (>= 30 cm) OLT, composed 34, 20, 14, and 18% of the YRB, respectively; the average OLT was 19.4 cm. Total OLC was estimated to be 338 Pg. A regional chronosequence analysis over 30 years revealed that OLT and OLC increased with stand age COLT: R-2 = 0.68; OLC: R-2 = 0.66), where an average of 16 cm OLT and 5.3 kg/m(2) OLC were consumed by fires. Strong predictors of OLT included climate, topography, near-surface permafrost distributions, soil wetness, and spectral information. Our modeling approach enabled us to produce regional maps of OLT and OLC, which will be useful in understanding risks and feedbacks associated with fires and climate feedbacks.(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ji, Lei] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Rigge, Matthew; Ji, Lei] InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Wylie, Bruce K.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Rose, Joshua R.] Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Johnson, Kristofer D.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Pastick, NJ (reprint author), Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM njpastick@usgs.gov OI Rigge, Matthew/0000-0003-4471-8009; Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083 FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]; Climate Effects Network Yukon River show Basin program FX Research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change Science (LandCarbon nation assessment) and Climate and Land Use Change Research and show Development Programs, and the Climate Effects Network Yukon River show Basin program. Work was performed under USGS contracts G08PC91508 and G10PC00044. We are indebted to Santosh Panda, for the use of his postdoctoral thesis field data. We thank the National Wildlife Refuges of Arctic, Koyukuk, Innoko, Yukon Delta, Yukon Flats, and Kanuti for providing logistic support, and field data. Much appreciation is given to Dana Nossov for her help with field data collection and our sincere thanks are extended to Nate Olson (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) - Wildlife Biologist/Pilot) and Mike Callahan (FWS Pilot) for safe air travel. The authors would also like to thank Mark Waldrop (USGS) and Rob Streigl (USGS) for the use of their vehicles. Finally, we thank Jack McFarland (USGS), Alexander McBratney (joint Editor-in-Chief), and anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful review of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 69 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD OCT PY 2014 VL 230 BP 79 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.008 PG 16 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL0KX UT WOS:000338816900009 ER PT J AU Silveira, ML Xu, ST Adewopo, J Franzluebbers, AJ Buonadio, G AF Silveira, Maria L. Xu, Sutie Adewopo, Julius Franzluebbers, Alan J. Buonadio, Guilherme TI Grazing land intensification effects on soil C dynamics in aggregate size fractions of a Spodosol SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Bahiagrass; Coastal plain soils; Rangeland; Silvopasture; Stable isotope ratio (delta C-13) ID SOUTHERN PIEDMONT USA; FOREST MANAGEMENT INTENSITY; ORGANIC-MATTER FRACTIONS; BERMUDAGRASS PASTURES; DENSITY FRACTIONS; CARBON DYNAMICS; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; BAHIAGRASS PASTURES AB Impacts of land intensification on soil organic carbon (SOC) responses are important components of sustainable management evaluation. Because of poor aggregation often associated with coarse-textured soils and the limited potential for chemical and physical protection of SOC, we hypothesized that the fine aggregate fraction (<53 mu m) represents an important sink for SOC stabilization in sandy soils. We investigated the impacts of converting native rangeland ecosystems into intensively managed pastures on SOC stocks And the distribution and decomposition rates of C associated with aggregate size fractions in a Coastal Plain Spodosol. Experimental sites consisted of three grazing land biomes: native rangelands, pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm)-bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Fluegge) silvopasture, and improved pastures under similar soil and climate conditions, but subjected to different management intensities. As grazing land intensification increased, SOC stock (0- to 20-cm depth) increased. Greater SOC stock was associated with improved pasture and silvopasture (53 Mg C ha(-1)) as compared to the native rangeland ecosystem (35 Mg C ha(-1)). This response was due the introduction of more productive plant species (i.e., warm-season C-4 grass) augmented by N fertilization. delta C-13 signature of the improved pasture (-14.7%. to -18.8%.) reflected the influence of introduced C-4 pasture grass, while the native rangeland and silvopasture showed more negative delta C-13 values (-20.3%. to -22.7%0). Grazing land intensification affected C associated with the <53-mu m aggregate size fraction, representing clay- and silt-protected SOC. Unlike previous studies that indicated that C associated with fine aggregate size represents a resistant C pool, our data suggested the <53-mu m fraction of a Spodooil is dynamic and is susceptible to changes in response to land use intensification. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Silveira, Maria L.; Xu, Sutie; Adewopo, Julius] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL 33865 USA. [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Buonadio, Guilherme] Univ Sao Paulo, ESALQ, BR-13418 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. RP Silveira, ML (reprint author), Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr, Ona, FL 33865 USA. EM mlas@ufl.edu NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 82 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD OCT PY 2014 VL 230 BP 185 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.012 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL0KX UT WOS:000338816900018 ER PT J AU Carpenter, DN Bockheim, JG Reich, PF AF Carpenter, Dunbar N. Bockheim, James G. Reich, Paul F. TI Soils of temperate rainforests of the North American Pacific Coast SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Soil classification; Environmental gradients; Soil properties; Temperate environment; Rainforests; Forest soils ID UPLIFTED MARINE TERRACES; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON STORAGE; WINDTHROW DISTURBANCE; MENDENHALL GLACIER; NUTRIENT DYNAMICS; NITROGEN STORAGE AB Temperate rainforests have high conservation and natural resource value, but the soils of this bioregion have not previously been studied as a unit. Here we examine the soils of North America's Pacific coastal temperate rainforests, utilizing databases from the United States Natural Resources Conservation Service and the Canadian Centre for Land and Biological Resources Research to (i) identify the soil taxa, (ii) evaluate the soil properties, and (iii) compare soils in temperate and tropical rainforests. There are strong climate gradients within these temperate rainforests, with the mean temperature declining from 11.7 degrees C to 6.1 degrees C and the mean annual precipitation increasing from 1500 mm to around 3000 mm from northern California (CA) to northwestern British Columbia (BC) and southeastern Alaska (AK). There is also high pedodiversity in this region, with soils representing 8 orders and 31 suborders, and, in the US portion, 65 great-groups, 142 subgroups, and 482 soil series. Twenty-six percent of described soil series are endemic to temperate rainforests in the US portion of the region, with the proportion declining with latitude. Dominant soil suborders vary along the latitudinal gradient from Humults-Udalfs/ Ustalfs-Udepts-Udults in CA, to Udands-Udepts-Udands Humults in western Oregon (OR) and Washington (WA), to Orthods-Folists in BC and Cryods-Saprists in AK. The dominant diagnostic horizons are ochric/argillic (CA), umbric/cambic (OR, WA), and albic-histic/spodic (BC, AK). Whereas soils in CA, BC, and AK tend to have a mixed mineralogy, those in northern OR and WA commonly are derived from volcaniclastic materials and have a ferrihydritic or isotic mineralogy. Soils in this region are generally deep, hold abundant moisture, are not subject to deep-freezing, and are enriched in extractable Fe and Al. Organic C and total N contents are high overall, but also variable, with right-skewed distributions. Compared to tropical rainforest soils in the Pacific Basin, Pacific temperate rainforest have greater weatherable minerals, cation-exchange capacities, soil organic C, and total exchangeable base cations. However, soils of both bioregions tend to be deep, acidic Al-saturated, and can have large N reservoirs. This investigation provides a foundation for a more unified understanding of the soils of a globally significant bioregion. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Carpenter, Dunbar N.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bockheim, James G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Reich, Paul F.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bockheim, JG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Soil Sci, 1525 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM dncarpenter@wisc.edu; bockheim@wisc.edu; paul.reich@wdc.usda.gov NR 87 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD OCT PY 2014 VL 230 BP 250 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.023 PG 15 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL0KX UT WOS:000338816900025 ER PT J AU Corwin, DL Lesch, SM AF Corwin, Dennis L. Lesch, Scott M. TI A simplified regional-scale electromagnetic induction - Salinity calibration model using ANOCOVA modeling techniques SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Soil spatial variability; Salinity mapping; Electromagnetic induction; Electrical resistivity; Proximal sensor; Response surface sampling ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; SPATIAL PREDICTION; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; AGRICULTURE; INFORMATION; GUIDELINES; PROTOCOLS AB Directed soil sampling based on geospatial measurements of apparent soil electrical conductivity (ECa) is a potential means of characterizing the spatial variability of any soil property that influences ECa including soil salinity, water content, texture, bulk density, organic matter, and cation exchange capacity. Multi-field ECa survey data often exhibit abrupt changes in magnitude across field boundaries that complicate the calibration of ECa to soil salinity ( i.e., ECe, electrical conductivity of the saturation extract) over large spatial extents. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate three regression techniques for calibrating ECa to ECe over spatial scales ranging from a few thousand to a hundred thousand hectares, where ECa was measured using electromagnetic induction equipment. The regression techniques include analysis of covariance (ANOCOVA), field specific regression (FSR), and common coefficient regression (CCR). An evaluation was made by comparing jack-knifed mean square prediction errors (MSPE) of ECe for two case studies: 2400 ha of the Broadview Water District in California's San Joaquin Valley and roughly 100,000 ha of the west side of Kittson County in the Red River Valley of Minnesota. The ANOCOVA model outperformed the FSR and CCR regression models on a prediction accuracy basis with the smallest MSPE estimates for depth predictions of soil salinity. The implication of this evaluation is that once ANOCOVA models for each depth are established for a representative set of fields within a regional-scale study area, then the slope coefficients can be used at all future fields, thereby significantly reducing the need for ground-truth soil samples at future fields, which substantially reduces labor and cost. Land resource managers, producers, agriculture consultants, extension specialists, and Natural Resource Conservation Service field staff are the beneficiaries of regional-scale maps of soil salinity. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] Riverside Publ Util, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 West Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Dennis.Corwin@ars.usda.gov; SLesch@riversideca.gov NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD OCT PY 2014 VL 230 BP 288 EP 295 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.03.019 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL0KX UT WOS:000338816900029 ER PT J AU Rogovska, N Laird, DA Rathke, SJ Karlen, DL AF Rogovska, Natalia Laird, David A. Rathke, Samuel J. Karlen, Douglas L. TI Biochar impact on Midwestern Mollisols and maize nutrient availability SO GEODERMA LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Soil quality; Allelopathy; Maize yield ID TEMPERATE SOILS; PLANT; PHOSPHORUS; PYROLYSIS; DYNAMICS; CHARCOAL; QUALITY; GROWTH; CARBON; BLACK AB Biochar applications have been shown to increase crop yields on acidic and low activity soils in the tropics but fewer positive yield responses have been reported for temperate soils. We hypothesized that even without a yield response, applying biochar to a Midwestern Mollisol could improve soil quality and plant nutrient availability because of the carbon it supplies and its conditioning effect. Eighteen small field plots (23.7 m(2)) on a glacial-till derived soil were established by incorporating 0 to 96 Mg ha(-1) of hardwood biochar to a depth of 30 cm. Several soil quality indicators, plant nutrient availability, uptake, and yield of two consecutive maize (Zea mays L.) crops were monitored. Biochar application significantly increased soil pH, readily available water (RAW) content (defined as volumetric water available between -10 kPa and -100 kPa) and soil organic C (SOC). It decreased bulk density (BD), but had no consistent effect on soil infiltration rates, CEC, or nutrient uptake. Biochar application did increase grain yield during the first year by 11 to 55% following very high stover application rates (3.5 x the typical amount), presumably because biochar mitigated adverse effects of allelochemicals released from the decomposing maize residue. There was no detectable biochar effect on maize yield during the second year when the crop was limited by severe drought. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Rogovska, Natalia; Laird, David A.; Rathke, Samuel J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Karlen, Douglas L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Rogovska, N (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, 3503 Agron Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM natashar@iastate.edu FU USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2011-68005-30411]; National Science Foundation [EPS-1101284] FX This project was partially supported by the USDA Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68005-30411 and by National Science Foundation under Grant Number EPS-1101284. We express sincere thanks to ICM Corporation for providing the biochar used in this study. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 8 U2 116 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0016-7061 EI 1872-6259 J9 GEODERMA JI Geoderma PD OCT PY 2014 VL 230 BP 340 EP 347 DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.009 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AL0KX UT WOS:000338816900034 ER PT J AU Mukhopadhyay, S Ukuku, DO Juneja, V Fan, X AF Mukhopadhyay, S. Ukuku, D. O. Juneja, V. Fan, X. TI Effects of UV-C treatment on inactivation of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7 on grape tomato surface and stem scars, microbial loads, and quality SO FOOD CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Tomatoes; Ultraviolet treatment; Salmonella enterica; Escherichia coli O157:H7; Color; Texture ID FRESH PRODUCE; CHLORINATED WATER; RAW TOMATOES; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PRODUCTION CHAIN; DICED TOMATOES; UNITED-STATES; COLI O157-H7; SHELF-LIFE AB The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ultraviolet-C (UV-C) light inactivation as affected by the location of pathogens on the surface and at stem scars of whole grape tomatoes. A mixed bacterial cocktail containing a three strain mixture of Escherichia coli O157:H7 (C9490, E02128 and F00475) and a three serotype mixture of Salmonella enterica (S. Montevideo G4639, S. Newport H1275, and S. Stanley H0558) were used. Tomatoes were spot inoculated using approximately 100 IlL of inocula to achieve a population of about 1071 CFU/tomato. Additionally, the effects of treatment on color, texture, lycopene content, and background microbial loads during post UV-C storage at 4 C for 21 days were determined. Results showed that UV-C doses of 0.60-6.0 kJ/m(2) resulted in 2.3-3.5 log CFU per fruit reduction of E. colt O157:H7 compared to 2.15-3.1 log(10) CFU per fruit reduction for Salmonella on the surfaces. Under the same conditions, log reductions achieved at stem scar were 1.7-3.2 logs CFU for E. coli O157:H7 and 1.9-2.8 logs CFU for Salmonella. The treatment was effective in controlling native microbial loads during storage at 4 C as the total aerobic mesophilic organisms (PCA) and anaerobic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts of treated tomatoes were significantly (p < 0.05) lower during storage compared to the control group and the yeast and mold populations were reduced significantly below the detection limit. Furthermore, the firmness of tomato and its color was not affected by the UV-C doses during storage. UV-C radiation could potentially be used for sanitizing fresh tomatoes and extending shelf-life. The results of this study indicate that the specific location of pathogens on the produce influences the effectiveness of UV-C treatment, which should be taken into consideration for the design of UV-C systems for produce sanitization. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mukhopadhyay, S.; Juneja, V.; Fan, X.] ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Ukuku, D. O.] ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mukhopadhyay, S (reprint author), ARS, Residue Chem & Predict Microbiol Res Unit, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Sudarsan.mukhopadhyay@ars.usda.gov; Dike.ukuku@ars.usda.gov; Vijay.juneja@ars.usda.gov; Xuetong.Fan@ars.usda.gov NR 55 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0956-7135 EI 1873-7129 J9 FOOD CONTROL JI Food Control PD OCT PY 2014 VL 44 BP 110 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.03.027 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AK7PJ UT WOS:000338619900015 ER PT J AU Martin, JA Boateng, AA AF Martin, Jonathan A. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Combustion performance of pyrolysis oil/ethanol blends in a residential-scale oil-fired boiler SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE Pyrolysis oil; Biomass; Boiler; Combustion; Emissions ID STABILIZED SWIRL BURNER; BIOMASS FAST PYROLYSIS; LIQUID-ETHANOL BLEND; BIO-OIL; FLUIDIZED-BED; SPRAY COMBUSTION; SWITCHGRASS; EMISSIONS AB A 40 kWth oil-fired commercial boiler was fueled with blends of biomass pyrolysis oil (py-oil) and ethanol to determine the feasibility of using these blends as a replacement for fuel oil in home heating applications. An optimal set of test parameters was determined for the combustion of these blends with minimal soot and carbon monoxide formation. These set parameters were used to compare the performance of blends of ethanol with different concentrations of py-oil (10%, 20%, and 30% py-oil by mass) and py-oil produced from different biomass feedstocks, including switchgrass, miscanthus, eucalyptus, pennycress, forest residues, and soiled animal bedding, using #2 fuel oil as a control. Performance was measured in terms of the total heat input, the axial temperature profile of the combustion chamber, the gross heat output, and heat losses to the flue gas. Exhaust gas was analyzed for O-2, CO2, CO, NOx, and total hydrocarbon concentration. It was found that a blend of 20% py-oil/80% ethanol could be used as a fuel in residential boilers with minimal retrofitting. This blend ratio produced no detectable change in the CO and hydrocarbon emissions compared to #2 fuel oil. When the py-oil fraction of this blend was produced from biomass with low amounts of nitrogen such as eucalyptus, NOx emissions were reduced by 12% compared to #2 fuel oil. When the py-oil was produced from proteinaceous feedstocks the py-oil stability improved but high nitrogen led to an order of magnitude increase in NOx emissions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Martin, Jonathan A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-BRDI [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors would like to thank Neil Goldberg and Michael Mandel for assistance in constructing the combustion test setup, Drs. Charles Mullen and Anna Pighinelli for pyrolysis oil production and Craig Einfeldt and Mark Schaffer for their assistance in the combustion testing. USDA-NIFA-BRDI grant 2012-10008-20271 is hereby acknowledged. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 44 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 EI 1873-7153 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 133 BP 34 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.05.005 PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AK9HT UT WOS:000338738900005 ER PT J AU da Silva, EMM Ascheri, JLR de Carvalho, CWP Takeiti, CY Berrios, JD AF Moreira da Silva, Erika Madeira Ramirez Ascheri, Jose Luis Piler de Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei Takeiti, Cristina Yoshie Berrios, Jose de J. TI Physical characteristics of extrudates from corn flour and dehulled carioca bean flour blend SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biofortification; Extrusion cooking; Snacks; Protein ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; EXTRUSION CONDITIONS; CARBOHYDRATE-COMPOSITION; SODIUM-BICARBONATE; COOKING; SNACKS; OPTIMIZATION; EXPANSION; CRISPNESS AB Extruded products were prepared from a corn flour and dehulled carioca bean (Phaseolus vulgaris, L) flour blend using a single-screw extruder. A central composite rotate design was used to evaluate the effects of extrusion process variables: screw speed (318.9-392.9 rpm), feed moisture (10.9-21.0 g/100 g) and bean flour level (4.8-55.2 g/100 g) on the specific mechanical energy (SME), sectional expansion index (SEI), longitudinal expansion index (LEI), volumetric expansion index (VEI) and density (D) of the extrudates. The instrumental texture was also analyzed. The independent variables had significant effects on the physical properties (SEI, VEI and density) of extrudates, with the exception of SME and LEI. SEI increased with increasing screw speed, but a higher moisture and bean flour content resulted in decreasing SEI and VEL The increase of moisture and bean flour increased the density of extrudates. According to texture analysis, some treatments with 30 and 45 g/100 g bean flour did not show significant differences when compared to commercial brand snacks. However, when combined with higher moisture content (>= 19 g/100 g) and lower screw speed (<= 333 rpm), the results of the expanded product were not satisfactory. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Moreira da Silva, Erika Madeira] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, UFES, Dept Integrated Hlth Educ, Ctr Hlth Sci, BR-29040090 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. [Ramirez Ascheri, Jose Luis; Piler de Carvalho, Carlos Wanderlei; Takeiti, Cristina Yoshie] Embrapa Food Technol, BR-23020470 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Berrios, Jose de J.] USDA ARS, PWA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP da Silva, EMM (reprint author), Univ Fed Espirito Santo, UFES, Dept Integrated Hlth Educ, Ctr Hlth Sci, Ave Marechal Campos 1468, BR-29040090 Vitoria, ES, Brazil. EM erika.alimentos@hotmail.com; jose.ascheri@embrapa.br; carlos.piler@embrapa.br; cristina.takeiti@embrapa.br; jose.berrios@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 EI 1096-1127 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 2014 VL 58 IS 2 BP 620 EP 626 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2014.03.031 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AJ5ZC UT WOS:000337768400044 ER PT J AU Bruscantini, CA Crow, WT Grings, F Perna, P Maas, M Karszenbaum, H AF Bruscantini, Cintia A. Crow, Wade T. Grings, Francisco Perna, Pablo Maas, Martin Karszenbaum, Haydee TI An Observing System Simulation Experiment for the Aquarius/SAC-D Soil Moisture Product SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Aquarius; Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE); soil moisture ID VEGETATION WATER-CONTENT; SOYBEANS; CORN; RETRIEVAL; INDEX; LAND AB An Observing System Simulation Experiment (OSSE) for the Aquarius/SAC-D mission has been developed for assessing the accuracy of soil moisture retrievals from passive L-band remote sensing. The implementation of the OSSE is based on the following: a 1-km land surface model over the Red-Arkansas River Basin, a forward microwave emission model to simulate the radiometer observations, a realistic orbital and sensor model to resample the measurements mimicking Aquarius operation, and an inverse soil moisture retrieval model. The simulation implements a zero-order radiative transfer model. Retrieval is performed by direct inversion of the forward model. The Aquarius OSSE attempts to capture the influence of various error sources, such as land surface heterogeneity, instrument noise, and retrieval ancillary parameter uncertainty, all on the accuracy of Aquarius surface soil moisture retrievals. In order to assess the impact of these error sources on the estimated volumetric soil moisture, a quantitative error analysis is performed by comparison of footprint-scale synthetic soil moisture with "true" soil moisture fields obtained from the direct aggregation of the original 1-km soil moisture field input to the forward model. Results show that, in heavily vegetated areas, soil moisture retrievals have a positive bias that can be suppressed with an alternative aggregation strategy for ancillary parameter vegetation water content (VWC). Retrieval accuracy was also evaluated when adding errors to 1-km VWC (which are intended to account for errors in VWC derived from remote sensing data). For soil moisture retrieval root-mean-square error on the order of 0.05 m(3)/m(3), the error in VWC should be less than 12%. C1 [Bruscantini, Cintia A.; Grings, Francisco; Perna, Pablo; Maas, Martin; Karszenbaum, Haydee] Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Crow, Wade T.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bruscantini, CA (reprint author), Inst Astron & Fis Espacio, C1428ZAA, RA-1428 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM cintiab@iafe.uba.ar OI Grings, Francisco/0000-0001-5252-2466 FU Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva; Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), SACD Aquarius Project [12] FX This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Productiva and the Comision Nacional de Actividades Espaciales (CONAE), SACD Aquarius Project 12. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 17 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0196-2892 EI 1558-0644 J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing PD OCT PY 2014 VL 52 IS 10 BP 6086 EP 6094 DI 10.1109/TGRS.2013.2294915 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AI8NC UT WOS:000337173200008 ER PT J AU Li, YS Liu, KL Beier, RC Cao, XY Shen, JZ Zhang, SX AF Li, Yanshen Liu, Kaili Beier, Ross C. Cao, Xingyuan Shen, Jianzhong Zhang, Suxia TI Simultaneous determination of mequindox, quinocetone, and their major metabolites in chicken and pork by UPLC-MS/MS SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mequindox; Quinocetone; Metabolites; UPLC-MS/MS; Residue analysis ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LIVER-MICROSOMES; PORCINE TISSUES; IN-VITRO; OLAQUINDOX; SWINE; CARBADOX; RATS; PHARMACOKINETICS AB This report presents a UPLC-MS/MS method for determination of mequindox (MEQ), quinocetone (QCT) and their 11 metabolites in chicken and pork samples. Following extraction process with acetonitrile-ethyl acetate, acidulation, and re-extraction with ethyl acetate in turn, target analytes were further purified using Cm solid phase extraction (SPE) cartridges for UPLC-MS/MS analysis. Validation was processed with mean recoveries from 69.1% to 113.3% with intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) <14.7%, inter-day RSD <19.2%, and limit of detection between 0.05 and 1.0 mu g/kg for each analytes. The verified method was successfully applied to the quantitative determination of commercial samples. This developed procedure will help to control food animal products with MEQ and QCT residues, and facilitate further pharmacokinetic and residue studies of similar quinoxaline-1,4-dioxide veterinary drugs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Li, Yanshen] Yantai Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yantai 264005, Peoples R China. [Liu, Kaili; Cao, Xingyuan; Shen, Jianzhong; Zhang, Suxia] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pharmacol & Toxicol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Liu, Kaili] Beijing Fengtai Dist Anim Hlth Inspect, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Beier, Ross C.] ARS, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Li, YS (reprint author), Yantai Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yantai 264005, Peoples R China. EM yizhanwangpai@163.com; suxia@cau.edu.cn FU National Basic Research Program of China (973 program) [2009CB118801] FX This work was financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 program; Grant No. 2009CB118801). NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 64 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 160 BP 171 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.094 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AI3PH UT WOS:000336773900024 PM 24799224 ER PT J AU Yang, J Ou, BX Wise, ML Chu, YF AF Yang, Jun Ou, Boxin Wise, Mitchell L. Chu, YiFang TI In vitro total antioxidant capacity and anti-inflammatory activity of three common oat-derived avenanthramides SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Oats; Avenanthramides (Ave); Free radicals; Antioxidant capacity; NF-kappa B inhibitory effect ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT ASSAY; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; SINGLET OXYGEN; NITRIC-OXIDE; AVENA-SATIVA; PEROXYNITRITE; SUPEROXIDE; ACTIVATION; RESVERATROL; POLYPHENOLS AB To better understand mechanisms underlying the health benefits of oats, the free radical scavenging capacities of oat avenanthramides 2c, 2f, and 2p and their ability to inhibit NF-kappa B activation were evaluated. The antioxidant capacities of 2c, 2f, and 2p against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals, superoxide anion, singlet oxygen, and peroxynitrite were determined by using ORAC, HORAC, SORAC, SOAC, and NORAC assays, respectively. The total antioxidant capacity of 2c was approximately 1.5-fold those of 2f and 2p. Total antioxidant capacity was primarily attributable to SORAC and ORAC for 2c (>77%, p < 0.05), and to ORAC and SOAC for 2f. ORAC accounted for approximately 32% of total antioxidant capacity in 2p. EC50 values for inhibiting TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappa B activation in C2C12 cells were 64.3, 29.3, and 9.10 mu M for 2c, 2f, and 2p, respectively. Differences in antioxidant capacities and ability to inhibit NF-kappa B among the avenanthramides could be ascribed to structural variations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Jun] Fritolay R&D, Plano, TX 75024 USA. [Ou, Boxin] Int Chem Testing, Milford, MA 01757 USA. [Wise, Mitchell L.] USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Chu, YiFang] PepsiCo R&D Nutr, Barrington, IL 60010 USA. RP Yang, J (reprint author), Fritolay R&D, 7701 Legacy Dr, Plano, TX 75024 USA. EM Jun.Yang@pepsico.com; Yifang.Chu@pepsico.com RI Chu, Yi-Fang/E-8242-2011 OI Chu, Yi-Fang/0000-0003-3136-3368 FU PepsiCo, Inc.; Quaker Oats(TM) FX This project was funded by PepsiCo, Inc., the maker of Quaker Oats (TM). YiFang Chu and Jun Yang are employees of PepsiCo, Inc. The views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of PepsiCo, Inc. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 3 U2 56 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 2014 VL 160 BP 338 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.03.059 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AI3PH UT WOS:000336773900047 PM 24799247 ER PT J AU Alvarado-Esquivel, C Romero-Salas, D Garcia-Vazquez, Z Cruz-Romero, A Peniche-Cardena, A Ibarra-Priego, N Aguilar-Dominguez, M Perez-de-Leon, AA Dubey, JP AF Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme Romero-Salas, Dora Garcia-Vazquez, Zeferino Cruz-Romero, Anabel Peniche-Cardena, Alvaro Ibarra-Priego, Nelly Aguilar-Dominguez, Mariel Perez-de-Leon, Adalberto A. Dubey, Jitender P. TI Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) in Veracruz State, Mexico and its association with climatic factors SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Buffaloes; Toxoplasma gondii; Seroprevalence; Epidemiology; Mexico ID CELL CULTIVATION; CAPTURE ELISA; CAT BIOASSAY; RAW CAPRINE; PCR METHODS; IRAN; ANTIBODIES; OOCYSTS; BOVINE; TESTS AB Background: Infection with Toxoplasma gondii in water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) is of epidemiological importance because of the risk for transmission to humans. We sought to determine the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in 339 water buffaloes in Veracruz State, Mexico using the modified agglutination test (MAT, cut off 1:25). Seroprevalence association with general characteristics of buffaloes and their environment was also investigated. Results: Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 165 (48.7%) of the 339 buffaloes with MAT titers of 1:25 in 104, 1:50 in 52, and 1:100 in 9. Bivariate analysis showed that seroprevalence of T. gondii infection was similar in buffaloes regardless of their general characteristics i.e., age, sex, and breed. In contrast, the seroprevalence in buffaloes varied significantly with environmental characteristics including altitude, mean annual temperature, and mean annual rainfall of the municipalities studied. Multivariate analysis showed that T. gondii seropositivity in buffaloes was associated with a mean annual rainfall between 1266-1650 mm (OR = 1.84; 95% CI: 1.15-2.94; P = 0.01). Conclusions: Results indicate that environmental characteristics may influence the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in buffaloes. This is the first report on the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection in buffaloes in Mexico. Further research is needed to assess the risk for infection in humans associated with the ingestion of raw or undercooked meat from buffaloes infected with T. gondii. C1 [Alvarado-Esquivel, Cosme] Juarez Univ Durango State, Fac Med & Nutr, Biomed Res Lab, Durango 34000, Dgo, Mexico. [Romero-Salas, Dora; Cruz-Romero, Anabel; Peniche-Cardena, Alvaro; Ibarra-Priego, Nelly; Aguilar-Dominguez, Mariel] Univ Veracruzana, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Parasitol Lab, Veracruzana 91710, Veracruz, Mexico. [Garcia-Vazquez, Zeferino] INIFAP, Ctr Nacl Invest Disciplinaria Parasitol Vet, Jiutepec 6225, Morelos, Mexico. [Perez-de-Leon, Adalberto A.] ARS, USDA, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Dubey, Jitender P.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Alvarado-Esquivel, C (reprint author), Juarez Univ Durango State, Fac Med & Nutr, Biomed Res Lab, Ave Univ S-N, Durango 34000, Dgo, Mexico. EM alvaradocosme@yahoo.com FU Juarez University of Durango State FX USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This study was financed in part by Juarez University of Durango State. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1746-6148 J9 BMC VET RES JI BMC Vet. Res. PD SEP 30 PY 2014 VL 10 AR 232 DI 10.1186/s12917-014-0232-5 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AX2XP UT WOS:000346806000001 PM 25267265 ER PT J AU Gurung, S Mamidi, S Bonman, JM Xiong, M Brown-Guedira, G Adhikari, TB AF Gurung, Suraj Mamidi, Sujan Bonman, J. Michael Xiong, Mai Brown-Guedira, Gina Adhikari, Tika B. TI Genome-Wide Association Study Reveals Novel Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Resistance to Multiple Leaf Spot Diseases of Spring Wheat SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM BLOTCH; SEPTORIA-TRITICI BLOTCH; HOST-SELECTIVE TOXIN; FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; PATHOGEN-INDUCED EXPRESSION; SYNTHETIC HEXAPLOID WHEAT; IRON-DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS; SMALL GRAINS COLLECTION; EUROPEAN WINTER-WHEAT; BARLEY STRIPE RUST AB Accelerated wheat development and deployment of high-yielding, climate resilient, and disease resistant cultivars can contribute to enhanced food security and sustainable intensification. To facilitate gene discovery, we assembled an association mapping panel of 528 spring wheat landraces of diverse geographic origin for a genome-wide association study (GWAS). All accessions were genotyped using an Illumina Infinium 9K wheat single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip and 4781 polymorphic SNPs were used for analysis. To identify loci underlying resistance to the major leaf spot diseases and to better understand the genomic patterns, we quantified population structure, allelic diversity, and linkage disequilibrium. Our results showed 32 loci were significantly associated with resistance to the major leaf spot diseases. Further analysis identified QTL effective against major leaf spot diseases of wheat which appeared to be novel and others that were previously identified by association analysis using Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) and bi-parental mapping. In addition, several identified SNPs co-localized with genes that have been implicated in plant disease resistance. Future work could aim to select the putative novel loci and pyramid them in locally adapted wheat cultivars to develop broad-spectrum resistance to multiple leaf spot diseases of wheat via marker-assisted selection (MAS). C1 [Gurung, Suraj] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Salinas, CA USA. [Mamidi, Sujan] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Bonman, J. Michael] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID USA. [Xiong, Mai; Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Adhikari, Tika B.] N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Adhikari, Tika B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Adhikari, TB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Integrated Pest Management, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tika_adhikari@ncsu.edu OI mamidi, sujan/0000-0002-3837-6121 FU Wheat Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota; North Dakota Wheat Commission; State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, North Dakota; USDA-ARS [58-5366-0-133]; National Research Initiative Competitive Grant (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68002-30029] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support for this project from the Wheat Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota, North Dakota Wheat Commission, and State Board of Agricultural Research and Education, North Dakota, and USDA-ARS Specific Cooperative Agreement # 58-5366-0-133. The authors are grateful to the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP) from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture for 9K wheat SNP data. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 101 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 8 U2 81 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 30 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e108179 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0108179 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AR6CW UT WOS:000343671700071 PM 25268502 ER PT J AU Domingue, MJ Lakhtakia, A Pulsifer, DP Hall, LP Badding, JV Bischof, JL Martin-Palma, RJ Imrei, Z Janik, G Mastro, VC Hazen, M Baker, TC AF Domingue, Michael J. Lakhtakia, Akhlesh Pulsifer, Drew P. Hall, Loyal P. Badding, John V. Bischof, Jesse L. Martin-Palma, Raul J. Imrei, Zoltan Janik, Gergely Mastro, Victor C. Hazen, Missy Baker, Thomas C. TI Bioreplicated visual features of nanofabricated buprestid beetle decoys evoke stereotypical male mating flights SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE nanofabrication; structural color; spectral emission; visual response; supercontinuum laser ID EMERALD ASH BORER; AGRILUS-PLANIPENNIS; PHEROMONE; FABRICATION; COLEOPTERA; BEHAVIOR; COL.; CUES AB Recent advances in nanoscale bioreplication processes present the potential for novel basic and applied research into organismal behavioral processes. Insect behavior potentially could be affected by physical features existing at the nanoscale level. We used nano-bioreplicated visual decoys of female emerald ash borer beetles (Agrilus planipennis) to evoke stereotypical mate-finding behavior, whereby males fly to and alight on the decoys as they would on real females. Using an industrially scalable nanomolding process, we replicated and evaluated the importance of two features of the outer cuticular surface of the beetle's wings: structural interference coloration of the elytra by multilayering of the epicuticle and fine-scale surface features consisting of spicules and spines that scatter light into intense strands. Two types of decoys that lacked one or both of these elements were fabricated, one type nano-bioreplicated and the other 3D-printed with no bioreplicated surface nanostructural elements. Both types were colored with green paint. The light-scattering properties of the nano-bioreplicated surfaces were verified by shining a white laser on the decoys in a dark room and projecting the scattering pattern onto a white surface. Regardless of the coloration mechanism, the nano-bioreplicated decoys evoked the complete attraction and landing sequence of Agrilus males. In contrast, males made brief flying approaches toward the decoys without nanostructured features, but diverted away before alighting on them. The nano-bioreplicated decoys were also electroconductive, a feature used on traps such that beetles alighting onto them were stunned, killed, and collected. C1 [Domingue, Michael J.; Hall, Loyal P.; Baker, Thomas C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lakhtakia, Akhlesh; Pulsifer, Drew P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Engn Sci & Mech, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Badding, John V.; Bischof, Jesse L.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Martin-Palma, Raul J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Imrei, Zoltan] Hungarian Acad Sci, Agr Res Ctr, Inst Plant Protect, H-3232 Budapest, Hungary. [Janik, Gergely] Forest Res Inst, Dept Forest Protect, H-1022 Matrafured, Hungary. [Mastro, Victor C.] USDA, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Plant Protect & Quarantine, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Buzzards Bay, MA 02542 USA. [Hazen, Missy] Penn State Univ, Huck Inst Life Sci Microscope Facil, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Domingue, MJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM mjd29@psu.edu; tcb10@psu.edu OI Domingue, Michael/0000-0002-3055-3533; Martin-Palma, Raul J/0000-0003-3434-8331 FU USDA [12-8130-1430-CA]; Hungarian Academy of Sciences (OTKA) [104294] FX We thank M. Toth (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) for helping to facilitate travel arrangements and contributing to discussions about this research; G. Csoka and L. Szocs (Hungarian Forest Research Institute) for aiding in the location of field sites; J. Ferraraccio and J. Berkebile (Pennsylvania State University) for assisting with the Pennsylvania field research; J Lelito [US Department of Agriculture (USDA) Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS)] for supplying live A. planipennis for laboratory testing of electrocution traps; and J. Stapleton (Pennsylvania State Materials Research Institute) for assisting with the collectoin of spectrophotometric data. Funding was provided by the USDA APHIS program supporting the Development of Detection Tools for Exotic Buprestid Beetles (12-8130-1430-CA) and the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (OTKA Grant 104294). NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 36 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD SEP 30 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 39 BP 14106 EP 14111 DI 10.1073/pnas.1412810111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP8SW UT WOS:000342350200033 PM 25225359 ER PT J AU Kim, K Whelan, G Purucker, ST Bohrmann, TF Cyterski, MJ Molina, M Gu, Y Pachepsky, Y Guber, A Franklin, DH AF Kim, Keewook Whelan, Gene Purucker, S. Thomas Bohrmann, Thomas F. Cyterski, Michael J. Molina, Marirosa Gu, Yin Pachepsky, Yakov Guber, Andrey Franklin, Dorcas H. TI Rainfall-runoff model parameter estimation and uncertainty evaluation on small plots SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE watershed modeling; inverse modeling; bootstrap; PEST; KINEROS2; STWIR ID CALIBRATION; SIMULATION; BOOTSTRAP; FRAMEWORK; SURFACE AB Four seasonal rainfall simulations in 2009 and 2010 were applied to a field containing 36 plots (0.75x2m each), resulting in 144 runoff events. In all simulations, a constant rate of rainfall was applied then halted 60min after initiation of runoff, with plot-scale monitoring of runoff every 5min during that period. Runoff was simulated with the Kinematic Runoff and Erosion/Simulator of Transport with Infiltration and Runoff (KINEROS2/STWIR) field-scale model, whose hydrodynamics are based on the kinematic wave equation. Because of the non-linear nature of the model and a highly parameterized model with respect to the available data, several approaches were investigated to upscale nine runoff-related parameters from a series of small monitored plots to the field scale. Inverse modeling was performed using the model-independent Parameter ESTimation (PEST) algorithm to individually calibrate the nine KINEROS2/STWIR parameters on 36 plots. The parameters were averaged, and bootstrapping was used to assess uncertainty of the parameters via estimation of confidence intervals (CI). A Monte Carlo simulation using the bootstrap results showed reasonable field-scale representation of flow rates. Median values of calibrated parameters were within the 95% CI obtained with bootstrapping. The simulated results for the median values associated with the 90% CI flow rates produced similar trends as those exhibited with the observed data, suggesting that median values of the calibrated parameters from the PEST inverse modeling could be used to represent the field scale. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Kim, Keewook; Whelan, Gene; Purucker, S. Thomas; Bohrmann, Thomas F.; Cyterski, Michael J.; Molina, Marirosa; Gu, Yin] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kim, Keewook] US DOE, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. [Bohrmann, Thomas F.] Cardno ENTRIX, Raleigh, NC 27612 USA. [Pachepsky, Yakov] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Guber, Andrey] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, East Lancing, MI 48824 USA. [Franklin, Dorcas H.] Univ Georgia, USDA ARS, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Franklin, Dorcas H.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Kim, K (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM kim.keewook@epa.gov OI Kim, Keewook/0000-0002-6625-7285; Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 FU Research Participation Program at the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development [DW8992298301]; Student Services Contracting Authority; US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through Interagency Agreement No. DW8992298301 between the US Department of Energy and the US Environmental Protection Agency. The Richard B. Russell Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, in Athens, GA provided technical assistance on the field work. Data collection and collation services were provided by students under contract with the Student Services Contracting Authority. The US Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. NR 45 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0885-6087 EI 1099-1085 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD SEP 30 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 20 BP 5220 EP 5235 DI 10.1002/hyp.10001 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA AP2ER UT WOS:000341885800008 ER PT J AU Zhou, XJ Qian, K Tong, Y Zhu, JJ Qiu, XH Zeng, XP AF Zhou, Xiaojie Qian, Kun Tong, Ying Zhu, Junwei Jerry Qiu, Xinghui Zeng, Xiaopeng TI De Novo Transcriptome of the Hemimetabolous German Cockroach (Blattella germanica) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN GENE FAMILY; DOUBLE-STRANDED-RNA; ODORANT-BINDING; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; INNATE IMMUNITY; MANDUCA-SEXTA; RESISTANCE; EXPRESSION; FLY AB Background: The German cockroach, Blattella germanica, is an important insect pest that transmits various pathogens mechanically and causes severe allergic diseases. This insect has long served as a model system for studies of insect biology, physiology and ecology. However, the lack of genome or transcriptome information heavily hinder our further understanding about the German cockroach in every aspect at a molecular level and on a genome-wide scale. To explore the transcriptome and identify unique sequences of interest, we subjected the B. germanica transcriptome to massively parallel pyrosequencing and generated the first reference transcriptome for B. germanica. Methodology/Principal Findings: A total of 1,365,609 raw reads with an average length of 529 bp were generated via pyrosequencing the mixed cDNA library from different life stages of German cockroach including maturing oothecae, nymphs, adult females and males. The raw reads were de novo assembled to 48,800 contigs and 3,961 singletons with high-quality unique sequences. These sequences were annotated and classified functionally in terms of BLAST, GO and KEGG, and the genes putatively coding detoxification enzyme systems, insecticide targets, key components in systematic RNA interference, immunity and chemoreception pathways were identified. A total of 3,601 SSRs (Simple Sequence Repeats) loci were also predicted. Conclusions/Significance: The whole transcriptome pyrosequencing data from this study provides a usable genetic resource for future identification of potential functional genes involved in various biological processes. C1 [Zhou, Xiaojie; Qian, Kun; Tong, Ying; Zeng, Xiaopeng] Beijing Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Disinfect & Vector Control, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Xiaojie; Qiu, Xinghui] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Junwei Jerry] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Qiu, XH (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Zool, State Key Lab Integrated Management Pest Insects, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM qiuxh@ioz.ac.cn; xpzeng@126.com FU China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2013M530727]; Beijing Municipal Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation [2013ZZ-94]; Public Welfare Industry Scientific Research Foundation of National General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine [201310255-02] FX This study was supported by the grants from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M530727), Beijing Municipal Postdoctoral Scientific Research Foundation (2013ZZ-94) and Public Welfare Industry Scientific Research Foundation of National General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (201310255-02). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 29 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106932 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106932 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AU6XR UT WOS:000345745400015 PM 25265537 ER PT J AU Sharma, S McDonald, I Miller, L Hinds, LA AF Sharma, Sameer McDonald, Ian Miller, Lowell Hinds, Lyn A. TI Parenteral administration of GnRH constructs and adjuvants: Immune responses and effects on reproductive tissues of male mice SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine; Endogenous peptide; Immunostimulating complexes; Cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides; Testis; Epididymis ID FREUNDS COMPLETE ADJUVANT; MOTIF-BASED ADJUVANT; WHITE-TAILED DEER; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTIVE VACCINES; MODIFIED PEPTIDES; HORMONE VACCINE; LHRH VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; PROTEIN; ISCOMS AB Two gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH) constructs prepared by either chemical conjugation to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (GnRH-KLH) or as an expressed recombinant fusion protein (Multimer) were evaluated with or without adjuvants (immunostimulating complexes, ISCOMs, or cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides, CpG ODNs). After subcutaneous administration to Balb/c male mice at Weeks 0, 2 and 4, these preparations were assessed for induction of immune responses and effects on reproductive organs. GnRH-KLH plus ISCOMs formulation induced strong IgG immune responses from Week 4 through Week 12 resulting in consistent reproductive organ atrophy by Week 12 after subcutaneous administration. GnRH-KLH plus CpG ODNs generated immune responses but no atrophy of reproductive tissues by Week 12. Multimer plus ISCOMs induced poor immune responses and no effects on reproductive tissues by Week 12. In the absence of additional adjuvant, none of the GnRH constructs induced reproductive organ atrophy. GnRH-KLH induced stronger immune responses when formulated with ISCOMs or CpG ODN compared to Multimer. GnRH-KLH with ISCOMs could be an effective colloidal alternative for emulsion GnRH vaccine formulations. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sharma, Sameer; McDonald, Ian; Hinds, Lyn A.] CSIRO, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Sharma, Sameer; McDonald, Ian; Hinds, Lyn A.] Univ Canberra, Invas Anim Cooperat Res Ctr IA CRC, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [McDonald, Ian] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Miller, Lowell] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Hinds, LA (reprint author), CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM Lyn.Hinds@csiro.au RI Sharma, Sameer/G-4862-2010 OI Sharma, Sameer/0000-0002-5047-6336 FU Invasive Animals CRC; University of Queensland PhD scholarship; IA CRC FX This research was funded by the Invasive Animals CRC; Ian McDonald was the recipient of a University of Queensland PhD scholarship and top-up funding from the IA CRC. Mr Steve Henry provided excellent animal care and assistance with animal experimentation. NR 40 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 29 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 43 BP 5555 EP 5563 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.075 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AR5QH UT WOS:000343638200006 PM 25130539 ER PT J AU Zhang, CN Wong, A Zhang, YL Ni, XZ Li, XC AF Zhang, Chunni Wong, Andrew Zhang, Yalin Ni, Xinzhi Li, Xianchun TI Common and unique cis-acting elements mediate xanthotoxin and flavone induction of the generalist P450 CYP321A1 SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HELICOVERPA-ZEA; CYTOCHROME-P450 GENES; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; ALLELOCHEMICALS; EXPRESSION; EVOLUTION; CYP6B1; MONOOXYGENASES; DETOXIFICATION AB How polyphagous herbivores up-regulate their counterdefense genes in response to a broad range of structurally different allelochemicals remains largely unknown. To test whether this is accomplished by having more allelochemical-response elements or the similar number of functionally more diverse elements, we mapped out the cis-acting elements mediating the induction of the allelochemical-metabolizing CYP321A1 from the generalist Helicoverpa zea by xanthotoxin and flavone, two structurally distinct allelochemicals with very different encounter rate by this species. Seven xanthotoxin-responsive elements were localized by analyzing promoter activities of varying length of CYP321A1 promoter in H. zea fatbody cells. Compared with the 5 flavone-responsive elements mapped out previously, there are four common elements (1 essential element, 2 enhancers, and 1 negative element) mediating induction of CYP321A1 by both of the two allelochemicals. The remaining four elements (3 enhancers and 1 negative element), however, only regulate induction of CYP321A1 by either of the two allelochemicals. Co-administration of the two allelochemicals resulted in an induction fold that is significantly lower than the expected additive value of the two allelochemicals. These results indicate that xanthotoxin- and flavone-induced expressions of CYP321A1 are mediated mainly by the functionally more diverse common elements although the allelochemical-unique elements also play a role. C1 [Zhang, Chunni; Zhang, Yalin] Northwest A&F Univ, Coll Plant Protect, Minist Educ, Key Lab Plant Protect Resources & Pest Integrated, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Chunni; Wong, Andrew; Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Zhang, Chunni; Wong, Andrew; Li, Xianchun] Univ Arizona, BIO5 Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Li, XC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM lxc@email.arizona.edu FU National Institute for Food and Agriculture Hatch [ARZT-XXXXXXX-H31-164]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31228019, 31321004, 31101441]; Chinese Universities Scientific Fund [QN2013012] FX We thank Dr. Chonglie Ma for technical assistance and Dr. Cynthia L. Goodman for providing the H. zea fatbody cell line. Dr. Song Chen made the CYP321A1DL6-pGL3 construct that contains the proximal coding sequence and promoter of CYP321A1 and the upstream CYP321A2 and its 5' flanking sequence. This work was supported by National Institute for Food and Agriculture Hatch grant (ARZT-XXXXXXX-H31-164) and National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 31228019, 31321004) to X. Li, and by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant 31101441) and the Chinese Universities Scientific Fund (QN2013012) to C. Zhang. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 18 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 29 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 6490 DI 10.1038/srep06490 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP8XP UT WOS:000342363000001 PM 25262756 ER PT J AU Runion, GB Prior, SA Price, AJ McElroy, JS Torbert, HA AF Runion, G. Brett Prior, Stephen A. Price, Andrew J. McElroy, J. Scott Torbert, H. Allen TI Effects of elevated CO2 on biomass and fungi associated with two ecotypes of ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Ambrosia artemisiifolia; common ragweed; elevated CO2; fungi; glyphosate; herbicide resistance ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; GROWTH; GLYPHOSATE; RESPONSES; ENRICHMENT; NITROGEN; DISEASE; WHEAT; C-3; COMPETITION AB Herbicide resistant weed populations have developed due to the repeated application of herbicides. Elevated concentrations of atmospheric CO2 can have positive effects on weed growth, but how rising CO2 might affect herbicide resistant weeds is not known. Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.) ecotypes known to be resistant or susceptible to glyphosate herbicide were exposed to either ambient or elevated (ambient +200 mu mol mol(-1)) concentrations of CO2 in open top chambers. Plants were harvested following 8 weeks of CO2 exposure; at this time, they had begun to exhibit disease symptoms including spots on leaves and stems. Elevated CO2 significantly increased top, root, and total plant biomass. Also, glyphosate resistant plants had significantly greater top, root, and total biomass than plants susceptible to the herbicide. There were no significant CO2 by ecotype interactions. Fungi from 13 genera were associated with ragweed, several of which can be either pathogens (i.e., Altemaria, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia), aiding the decline in health of the ragweed plants, or saprophytes existing on dead plant tissues. The common foliar disease powdery mildew was significantly higher on susceptible compared with resistant ragweed. Susceptible plants also showed an increased frequency of Rhizoctonia on leaves and Altemaria on stems; however, Fusarium occurred more frequently on resistant ragweed leaves. Fungi were not affected by CO2 concentration or its interaction with ecotype. This study reports the first information on the effects of elevated CO2 on growth of herbicide resistant weeds. This is also the first study examining the impact of herbicide resistance and elevated CO2 on fungi associated with weeds. What effects herbicide resistance might have on plant diseases and how rising atmospheric CO2 might impact these effects needs to be addressed, not only with important weeds but also with crops. C1 [Runion, G. Brett; Prior, Stephen A.; Price, Andrew J.; Torbert, H. Allen] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [McElroy, J. Scott] Auburn Univ, Dept Crop Soil & Environm Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Runion, GB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM brett.runion@ars.usda.gov NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 23 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD SEP 26 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 500 DI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00500 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR9PT UT WOS:000343907700001 PM 25309569 ER PT J AU de Oliveira, PSN Cesar, ASM do Nascimento, ML Chaves, AS Tizioto, PC Tullio, RR Lanna, DPD Rosa, AN Sonstegard, TS Mourao, GB Reecy, JM Garrick, DJ Mudadu, MA Coutinho, LL Regitano, LCA AF de Oliveira, Priscila S. N. Cesar, Aline S. M. do Nascimento, Michele L. Chaves, Amalia S. Tizioto, Polyana C. Tullio, Rymer R. Lanna, Dante P. D. Rosa, Antonio N. Sonstegard, Tad S. Mourao, Gerson B. Reecy, James M. Garrick, Dorian J. Mudadu, Mauricio A. Coutinho, Luiz L. Regitano, Luciana C. A. TI Identification of genomic regions associated with feed efficiency in Nelore cattle SO BMC GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Bos indicus; Candidate gene; Residual feed intake; Single nucleotide polymorphisms ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; 1ST SERVICE CONCEPTION; MEAT QUALITY TRAITS; BEEF-CATTLE; BRANGUS HEIFERS; PHENOTYPIC RELATIONSHIPS; WIDE ASSOCIATION; BREEDING VALUES; CANDIDATE GENES AB Background: Feed efficiency is jointly determined by productivity and feed requirements, both of which are economically relevant traits in beef cattle production systems. The objective of this study was to identify genes/QTLs associated with components of feed efficiency in Nelore cattle using Illumina BovineHD BeadChip (770 k SNP) genotypes from 593 Nelore steers. The traits analyzed included: average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), feedconversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), residual feed intake (RFI), maintenance efficiency (ME), efficiency of gain (EG), partial efficiency of growth (PEG) and relative growth rate (RGR). The Bayes B analysis was completed with Gensel software parameterized to fit fewer markers than animals. Genomic windows containing all the SNP loci in each 1 Mb that accounted for more than 1.0% of genetic variance were considered as QTL region. Candidate genes within windows that explained more than 1% of genetic variance were selected by putative function based on DAVID and Gene Ontology. Results: Thirty-six QTL (1Mb SNP window) were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25 and 26 (UMD 3.1). The amount of genetic variance explained by individual QTL windows for feed efficiency traits ranged from 0.5% to 9.07%. Some of these QTL minimally overlapped with previously reported feed efficiency QTL for Bos taurus. The QTL regions described in this study harbor genes with biological functions related to metabolic processes, lipid and protein metabolism, generation of energy and growth. Among the positional candidate genes selected for feed efficiency are: HRH4, ALDH7A1, APOA2, LIN7C, CXADR, ADAM12 and MAP7. Conclusions: Some genomic regions and some positional candidate genes reported in this study have not been previously reported for feed efficiency traits in Bos indicus. Comparison with published results indicates that different QTLs and genes may be involved in the control of feed efficiency traits in this Nelore cattle population, as compared to Bos taurus cattle. C1 [de Oliveira, Priscila S. N.; Tizioto, Polyana C.] Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Genet & Evolut, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Cesar, Aline S. M.; do Nascimento, Michele L.; Chaves, Amalia S.; Lanna, Dante P. D.; Mourao, Gerson B.; Coutinho, Luiz L.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Anim Sci, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Tullio, Rymer R.; Mudadu, Mauricio A.; Regitano, Luciana C. A.] Embrapa Southeast Cattle Res Ctr, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. [Rosa, Antonio N.] Embrapa Beef Cattle, BR-79002970 Campo Grande, MS, Brazil. [Sonstegard, Tad S.] ARS, USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Reecy, James M.; Garrick, Dorian J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Regitano, LCA (reprint author), Embrapa Southeast Cattle Res Ctr, BR-13560970 Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil. EM luciana.regitano@embrapa.br RI de Alvarenga Mudadu, Mauricio/B-6524-2014; Regitano, Luciana/C-7002-2012; Cesar, Aline/E-6887-2014; Lanna, Dante /J-5475-2014; Coutinho, Luiz/C-8455-2012; Mourao, Gerson/D-2064-2012; OI de Alvarenga Mudadu, Mauricio/0000-0002-2767-2507; Regitano, Luciana/0000-0001-9242-8351; Lanna, Dante /0000-0002-7082-8853; Mourao, Gerson/0000-0002-0990-4108; Garrick, Dorian/0000-0001-8640-5372 FU CNPq; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - Brazil; Embrapa Southeast-Cattle Research Center [Brazil]; Sao Carlos Federal University [Brazil]; Iowa State University [USA]; USDA ARS Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory [USA]; CAPES FX This work was supported by CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development - Brazil. We thank Flavia Aline Bressani and Wilson M. Junior for technical assistance; Embrapa Southeast-Cattle Research Center [Brazil], Sao Carlos Federal University [Brazil], Iowa State University [USA], USDA ARS Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory [USA]; the CNPq for providing financing and fellowship to Lanna, D. P, Mourao G. B, Coutinho, L. L. and Regitano, L. C. A; and CAPES and CNPq for providing a scholarship to Priscila Silva Neubern de Oliveira. NR 75 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2156 J9 BMC GENET JI BMC Genet. PD SEP 26 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 100 DI 10.1186/s12863-014-0100-0 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AR6EU UT WOS:000343677100001 PM 25257854 ER PT J AU McDonnell, RJ Robinson, DG Barr, N Deley, IT Deley, P Paine, TD AF McDonnell, Rory J. Robinson, David G. Barr, Norman DeLey, Irma Tandingan DeLey, Paul Paine, Timothy D. TI First report of the invasive slug Boettgerilla pallens Simroth, 1912 (Boettgerillidae) in the United States SO AMERICAN MALACOLOGICAL BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE worm slug; European pest gastropod; subterranean slug; potted plants AB Boettgerillapallens Simroth, 1912 is reported for the first time in the United States. Identification was based on combined morphological and molecular data (mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I and 16S rRNA sequences) of a specimen collected in a retail garden center in northern California. We provide some background information on the biology and ecology of the slug and discuss the pest status of the species. C1 [McDonnell, Rory J.; Paine, Timothy D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Robinson, David G.] Acad Nat Sci, USDA APHIS Natl Malacol Lab, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Barr, Norman] USDA APHIS, Miss Lab, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [DeLey, Irma Tandingan; DeLey, Paul] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Nematol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP McDonnell, RJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM rorym@ucr.edu FU California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant [SCB12059] FX This research was funded by a California Department of Food and Agriculture Specialty Crop Block Grant (SCB12059). We are grateful to Veronica Puig Sanvicens for assistance with field work and Oscar Obregon for assistance with lab work. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MALACOLOGICAL SOC, INC PI WILMINGTON PA DELAWARE MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY, BOX 3937, WILMINGTON, DE 19807-0937 USA SN 0740-2783 EI 2162-2698 J9 AM MALACOL BULL JI Am. Malacol. Bull. PD SEP 24 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 2 BP 209 EP 210 PG 2 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA AR8WT UT WOS:000343852900006 ER PT J AU Lohumi, S Lee, S Lee, WH Kim, MS Mo, C Bae, H Cho, BK AF Lohumi, Santosh Lee, Sangdae Lee, Wang-Hee Kim, Moon S. Mo, Changyeun Bae, Hanhong Cho, Byoung-Kwan TI Detection of Starch Adulteration in Onion Powder by FT-NIR and FT-IR Spectroscopy SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE starch; onion powder; adulteration; Fourier transform NIR and IR spectroscopy; partial least-squares regression; principal component analysis ID INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; MIDINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MELAMINE DETECTION; INFANT FORMULA; MILK AB Adulteration of onion powder with cornstarch was identified by Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The reflectance spectra of 180 pure and adulterated samples (1-35 wt % starch) were collected and preprocessed to generate calibration and prediction sets. A multivariate calibration model of partial least-squares regression (PLSR) was executed on the pretreated spectra to predict the presence of starch. The PLSR model predicted adulteration with an R-p(2), of 0.98 and a standard error of prediction (SEP) of 1.18% for the FT-NIR data and an R-p(2), of 0.90 and SEP of 3.12% for the FT-IR data. Thus, the FT-NIR data were of greater predictive value than the FT-IR data. Principal component analysis on the preprocessed data identified the onion powder in terms of added starch. The first three principal component loadings and beta coefficients of the PLSR model revealed starch-related absorption. These methods can be applied to rapidly detect adulteration in other spices. C1 [Lohumi, Santosh; Lee, Sangdae; Lee, Wang-Hee; Cho, Byoung-Kwan] Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, Taejon 305764, South Korea. [Kim, Moon S.] ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mo, Changyeun] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Suwon 441100, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Bae, Hanhong] Yeungnam Univ, Sch Biotechnol, Kyongsan 712749, South Korea. RP Cho, BK (reprint author), Chungnam Natl Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Biosyst Machinery Engn, 99 Daehak Ro, Taejon 305764, South Korea. EM chobk@cnu.ac.kr FU High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea FX This research was supported by the High Value-added Food Technology Development Program, Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Republic of Korea. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 8 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 24 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 38 BP 9246 EP 9251 DI 10.1021/jf500574m PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AP8KO UT WOS:000342328100005 PM 25188555 ER PT J AU Justo, A Malysheva, E Bulyonkova, T Vellinga, EC Cobian, G Nguyen, N Minnis, AM Hibbett, DS AF Justo, Alfredo Malysheva, Ekaterina Bulyonkova, Tatiana Vellinga, Else C. Cobian, Gerry Nhu Nguyen Minnis, Andrew M. Hibbett, David S. TI Molecular phylogeny and phylogeography of Holarctic species of Pluteus section Pluteus (Agaricales: Pluteaceae), with description of twelve new species SO PHYTOTAXA LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; DNA; BASIDIOMYCOTA; DELIMITATION; NUCLEAR; EUROPE; FUNGI AB The taxonomy and phylogeography of Pluteus section Pluteus in the Holarctic region was investigated using morphological and molecular data. Over 300 specimens spanning the major areas of boreal and temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere were studied and nrITS and tef1 were obtained for phylogenetic analyses. In order to stabilize the taxonomy of the group all available type collections were studied and, if possible, sequenced. A total of 26 species occurring in Eurasia and North America were recovered in the phylogenetic analyses. Twelve species are described as new (Pluteus rangifer, P. elaphinus, P. hibbettii, P. eos, P. orestes, P. methvenii, P. shikae, P. kovalenkoi, P. leucoborealis, P. sepiicolor, P. oreibatus, P. atrofibrillosus), one is provisionally named (P. parilis) and one variety is raised to species rank (P. americanus). In many cases separation of the species based on morphology alone is challenging. In general, tef1 distinguishes the species better than nrITS. Structured infraspecific genetic variation was detected in the nrITS phylogenies for five species (P. atromarginatus, P. hibbettii, P. orestes, P. primus and P. shikae) and in the tef1 phylogenies for P. cervinus. Phylogeographic patterns are strikingly different among the species in this group and include widespread Holarctic species, exclusively Palearctic, putative disjuncts and endemics in each Holarctic subregion (Eastern/Western Palearctic and Nearctic). Identification keys are provided for each subregion. C1 [Justo, Alfredo; Hibbett, David S.] Clark Univ, Dept Biol, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. [Malysheva, Ekaterina] Russian Acad Sci, Komarov Bot Inst, RUS-197376 St Petersburg, Russia. [Bulyonkova, Tatiana] Russian Acad Sci, AP Ershov Inst Informat Syst, RUS-630090 Novosibirsk, Russia. [Vellinga, Else C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cobian, Gerry] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Nhu Nguyen] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN USA. [Minnis, Andrew M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Justo, A (reprint author), Clark Univ, Dept Biol, 950 Main St, Worcester, MA 01610 USA. EM ajusto@clarku.edu; ef.malysheva@gmail.com; ressaure@gmail.com; ecvellinga@comcast.net; gmcobian@hawaii.edu; nhnguyen@umn.edu; minnis@wisc.edu; dhibbett@clarku.edu RI Malysheva, Ekaterina/H-5582-2013 OI Malysheva, Ekaterina/0000-0002-8507-2083 FU University of Tennessee; NSF [DEB093381]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [12-04-33018, 13-04-00838] FX The curators of BPI, CBM, CFMR, F, FLAS, H, ILLS, LAU, LE, LOU, M, MA, MICH, NYBG, PC, PRM, REG, TENN, TNS, TRTC, UC, WTU, WU are gratefully acknowledged for managing the loans of their respective collections. We greatly appreciate the additional collections and photographs provided by Alina Alexandrova, Salavat Arslanov, Dimitar Bojantchev, Agustin Caballero, Dimitris Floudas, Arthur Houghtby, Sava Krstic, Patrick Leacock, Andrew Methven, Otto Miettinen, Olga Morozova, Guillermo Munoz, Mitchell Nuhn, Luis A. Parra, Ron Pastorino, David Rust, Roger Smith, Andrus Voitk, Chris Webb and Mike Wood. Field and laboratory research on macrofungal diversity in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP) was provided by funds from the University of Tennessee to Dr. P. Brandon Matheny. We thank Paul Super at the GSMNP for providing a scientific and research collecting permit to Karen Hughes, Ron Petersen, and Brandon Matheny (study GRSM-00271, permit GRSM-2009-SCI-0083, collections made prior to 2011) and to Brandon Matheny (study GRSM-01048, permit GRSM-2010-SCI-0078; collections made in 2011-2012). We thank Dr. Walter Gams and Dr. Athur De Cock for checking the orthographical correctness of the new taxa. Financial support was provided by NSF grant DEB093381 to DSH. U.S. Forest Service funds contributed to this work. The study of Russian collections was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (projects No 12-04-33018 and No 13-04-00838). NR 104 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 12 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1179-3155 EI 1179-3163 J9 PHYTOTAXA JI Phytotaxa PD SEP 24 PY 2014 VL 180 IS 1 BP 1 EP 85 PG 85 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP8PH UT WOS:000342340400001 ER PT J AU Mittanck, CM Rogers, PC Ramsey, RD Bartos, DL Ryel, RJ AF Mittanck, Cody M. Rogers, Paul C. Ramsey, R. Douglas Bartos, Dale L. Ryel, Ronald J. TI Exploring succession within aspen communities using a habitat-based modeling approach SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Conifer encroachment; Seral; Stable; Pure; GIS modeling; Functional types ID POPULUS-TREMULOIDES MICHX.; QUAKING ASPEN; GUNNISON COUNTY; STAND STRUCTURE; DECISION-TREE; VEGETATION; COLORADO; FORESTS; FIRE; MOUNTAINS AB Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) forest communities play a crucial ecological role across western North America. However, there is increasing evidence that these communities have diverging ecological roles across aspen's expansive range. Previous studies show evidence for both "seral" and "stable" aspen functional types. This leads us to believe that the pathway of these systems may not always lead to a climax conifer sere, but in many cases results in a stable community dominated by aspen. This study is an attempt to use a static model, based on large-scale environmental variables, to account for successional dynamics within aspen-conifer systems and predict distributions of aspen functional types across large landscapes. Environmental factors influencing aspen-conifer succession have been observed in past research but not fully explored. Our study methodologies and application of model results were specifically designed to aid land managers in identifying extent and function of aspen forest communities in order to plan restoration projects. Four study sites were chosen within Utah in order to capture the widest geographic variance. Photointerpretation of National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP) color infrared imagery was used to classify dominant forest cover at approximately 250 plots within each site. At each plot, variables were calculated and derived from DAYMET data, digital elevation models, and soil surveys and assessed for precision and ability to model forest type distributions. A generalized linear model was used to assess habitat overlap between aspen and conifer in order to explore successional dynamics and predict areas where stable aspen communities are likely to occur. Model results indicate an interaction between topographic position and moisture influence the probability of conifer encroachment but do not preclude conifers entirely. The highest probability for stable aspen communities occurs between 60 and 90 cm of total annual precipitation on topographic positions receiving greater than 4500W h/m(2)/d of solar radiation. Prediction-conditioned fallout-rates were used to partition the continuous model output into a "hard" classification. These results were applied in an overlay analysis with Southwest Regional Gap landcover data, indicating 19% of aspen forests across Utah are potentially stable functional types, whereas the remaining 81% are vulnerable to conifer encroachment. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mittanck, Cody M.] CNL Environm Consultants Inc, Draper, UT 84020 USA. [Rogers, Paul C.; Ramsey, R. Douglas; Ryel, Ronald J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Rogers, Paul C.; Ramsey, R. Douglas; Ryel, Ronald J.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bartos, Dale L.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Mittanck, CM (reprint author), CNL Environm Consultants Inc, 14981 South Eagle Crest Dr, Draper, UT 84020 USA. EM cody.mittanck@gmail.com RI Ramsey, R. Douglas/D-3504-2009 FU USDA NRI [UTAR-2007-01475]; Utah State University Ecology Center; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station; USU Cedar Mountain Initiative; USDA Rocky Mountain Research Station,; Utah BLM FX This work was funded by grants from the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, USU Cedar Mountain Initiative, USDA Rocky Mountain Research Station, Utah BLM, USDA NRI Grant no. UTAR-2007-01475, and the Utah State University Ecology Center. We thank Andy Leidolf and Tony Kusbach for helping with field work and providing field data for accuracy assessments. Special thanks to Chris McGinty, Chris Garrard, and Alexander Hernandez at the USU GIS/Remote Sensing Laboratory for their technical expertise. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 46 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 24 PY 2014 VL 288 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.06.010 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN1CO UT WOS:000340320500018 ER PT J AU Jahns, L Payne, CR Whigham, LD Johnson, LK Scheett, AJ Hoverson, BS Kranz, S AF Jahns, Lisa Payne, Collin R. Whigham, Leah D. Johnson, Luann K. Scheett, Angela J. Hoverson, Bonita S. Kranz, Sibylle TI Foods advertised in US weekly supermarket sales circulars over one year: a content analysis SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Dietary guidelines; Advertising; Supermarkets; Grocery stores; Promotion ID CONSUMPTION; INFORMATION; PURCHASES; CONSUMERS; FLYERS AB Background: The nutritional content of Americans' shopping carts is suboptimal despite federal dietary guidance, in this case, the MyPlate consumer icon which displays desired proportions of vegetables, fruits, dairy, grains and protein foods for consumption. Consumers mention print advertising-such as weekly sales circulars-frequently as influencing their grocery shopping decisions. Methods: To examine and describe the relative proportions of advertised foods aggregated into the MyPlate food grouping system, a content analysis of 9 209 foods advertised in 52 weekly supermarket newspaper sales inserts in 2009 from a local grocery chain was conducted in a Midwestern community. Results: Overall, the protein foods group was most often represented in sales circulars (25% of total items), followed by grains (18%); dairy (10%); vegetables (8%) and fruits (7%). Less than 3% of sales advertisements were for dark green and red & orange vegetables. Over twice as much whole fruit versus 100% fruit juice was advertised (70% vs. 30%, respectively; P < 0.001). Significantly fewer protein foods and more grains than expected were advertised in the fall, and slightly more dark green vegetables were advertised in winter and spring than in summer and fall (P = 0.05). Conclusions: The average American diet, including underconsumption of fruits and vegetables but overconsumption of protein foods, was reflected in the relative frequency of food groups advertised in weekly sales circulars. Modifying sales circulars to represent healthier food groups may preserve retail profits (considering these groups' higher profit margin) while promoting adherence to federal dietary guidance. C1 [Jahns, Lisa; Johnson, Luann K.; Scheett, Angela J.; Hoverson, Bonita S.] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Payne, Collin R.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Mkt, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Whigham, Leah D.] Paso del Norte Inst Hlth Living, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Kranz, Sibylle] Sch Policy Studies, Ctr Exercise Nutr & Hlth Sci, Bristol BS8 1TZ, Avon, England. RP Jahns, L (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM lisa.jahns@ars.usda.gov OI Whigham, Leah/0000-0002-5376-8967 FU United States Department of Agricultural/Agricultural Research Service, USDA [5450-51000-049-00D] FX This study was funded by the United States Department of Agricultural/Agricultural Research Service, USDA 5450-51000-049-00D. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement from the U.S. government. NR 42 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 15 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD SEP 23 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 95 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-13-95 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AT7ER UT WOS:000345100300001 PM 25249348 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP AF Agarwal, Umesh P. TI 1064 nm FT-Raman spectroscopy for investigations of plant cell walls and other biomass materials SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Raman spectroscopy; near-IR; cell walls; plants; biomass; cellulose; lignin; crystallinity ID CELLULOSE CRYSTALLINITY; COMPRESSION WOOD; PICEA-MARIANA; LIGNIN; MICROSPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; ORIENTATION; FIBERS; TISSUE; PULPS AB Raman spectroscopy with its various special techniques and methods has been applied to study plant biomass for about 30 years. Such investigations have been performed at both macro- and micro-levels. However, with the availability of the Near Infrared (NIR) (1064 nm) Fourier Transform (FT)-Raman instruments where, in most materials, successful fluorescence suppression can be achieved, the utility of the Raman investigations has increased significantly. Moreover, the development of several new capabilities such as estimation of cellulose-crystallinity, ability to analyze changes in cellulose conformation at the local and molecular level, and examination of water-cellulose interactions have made this technique essential for research in the field of plant science. The FT-Raman method has also been applied to research studies in the arenas of biofuels and nanocelluloses. Moreover, the ability to investigate plant lignins has been further refined with the availability of near-IR Raman. In this paper, we present 1064-nm FT-Raman spectroscopy methodology to investigate various compositional and structural properties of plant material. It is hoped that the described studies will motivate the research community in the plant biomass field to adapt this technique to investigate their specific research needs. C1 USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Agarwal, UP (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM uagarwal@fs.fed.us NR 46 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 65 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD SEP 23 PY 2014 VL 5 AR 490 DI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00490 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR9PN UT WOS:000343907000001 PM 25295049 ER PT J AU Wang, QS Tian, F Pan, YC Buckler, ES Zhang, ZW AF Wang, Qishan Tian, Feng Pan, Yuchun Buckler, Edward S. Zhang, Zhiwu TI A SUPER Powerful Method for Genome Wide Association Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID LINEAR MIXED MODELS; POPULATIONS; SAMPLES; TRAITS; RELATEDNESS; PHENOTYPES; SELECTION; SOFTWARE; NUMBER AB Genome-Wide Association Studies shed light on the identification of genes underlying human diseases and agriculturally important traits. This potential has been shadowed by false positive findings. The Mixed Linear Model (MLM) method is flexible enough to simultaneously incorporate population structure and cryptic relationships to reduce false positives. However, its intensive computational burden is prohibitive in practice, especially for large samples. The newly developed algorithm, FaST-LMM, solved the computational problem, but requires that the number of SNPs be less than the number of individuals to derive a rank-reduced relationship. This restriction potentially leads to less statistical power when compared to using all SNPs. We developed a method to extract a small subset of SNPs and use them in FaST-LMM. This method not only retains the computational advantage of FaST-LMM, but also remarkably increases statistical power even when compared to using the entire set of SNPs. We named the method SUPER (Settlement of MLM Under Progressively Exclusive Relationship) and made it available within an implementation of the GAPIT software package. C1 [Wang, Qishan; Pan, Yuchun] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Tian, Feng] China Agr Univ, Natl Maize Improvement Ctr China, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Buckler, Edward S.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.; Zhang, Zhiwu] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY USA. [Zhang, Zhiwu] Northeast Agr Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Harbin, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Zhiwu] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Tian, F (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Natl Maize Improvement Ctr China, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. EM ft55@cau.edu.cn; panyc@sjtu.edu.cn; zhiwu.zhang@wsu.edu OI Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; Zhang, Zhiwu/0000-0002-5784-9684 FU NSF-Plant Genome Program [DBI- 0820619]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31370043, 31272414]; National 948 Project of China [2011-G2A, 2012-Z26]; National High Technology Research and Development Program of China [2012AA101104, 2012AA10A307]; United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service FX This study was supported by NSF-Plant Genome Program (DBI- 0820619), National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no 31370043, 31272414), National 948 Project of China (2011-G2A, 2012-Z26), National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012AA101104 and 2012AA10A307), and the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 29 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e107684 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107684 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP8TL UT WOS:000342351800031 PM 25247812 ER PT J AU Wen, ZX Tan, RJ Yuan, JZ Bales, C Du, WY Zhang, SC Chilvers, MI Schmidt, C Song, QJ Cregan, PB Wang, DC AF Wen, Zixiang Tan, Ruijuan Yuan, Jiazheng Bales, Carmille Du, Wenyan Zhang, Shichen Chilvers, Martin I. Schmidt, Cathy Song, Qijian Cregan, Perry B. Wang, Dechun TI Genome-wide association mapping of quantitative resistance to sudden death syndrome in soybean SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Genome wide association mapping; Glycine max; Fusarium virguliforme; SNPs; Quantitative trait loci mapping ID GLYCINE-MAX; DISEASE RESISTANCE; FUSARIUM-SOLANI; SALICYLIC-ACID; CYST-NEMATODE; LOCI; ARABIDOPSIS; PROTEIN; POPULATIONS; RESPONSES AB Background: Sudden death syndrome (SDS) is a serious threat to soybean production that can be managed with host plant resistance. To dissect the genetic architecture of quantitative resistance to the disease in soybean, two independent association panels of elite soybean cultivars, consisting of 392 and 300 unique accessions, respectively, were evaluated for SDS resistance in multiple environments and years. The two association panels were genotyped with 52,041 and 5,361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), respectively. Genome-wide association mapping was carried out using a mixed linear model that accounted for population structure and cryptic relatedness. Result: A total of 20 loci underlying SDS resistance were identified in the two independent studies, including 7 loci localized in previously mapped QTL intervals and 13 novel loci. One strong peak of association on chromosome 18, associated with all disease assessment criteria across the two panels, spanned a physical region of 1.2 Mb around a previously cloned SDS resistance gene (GmRLK18-1) in locus Rfs2. An additional variant independently associated with SDS resistance was also found in this genomic region. Other peaks were within, or close to, sequences annotated as homologous to genes previously shown to be involved in plant disease resistance. The identified loci explained an average of 54.5% of the phenotypic variance measured by different disease assessment criteria. Conclusions: This study identified multiple novel loci and refined the map locations of known loci related to SDS resistance. These insights into the genetic basis of SDS resistance can now be used to further enhance durable resistance to SDS in soybean. Additionally, the associations identified here provide a basis for further efforts to pinpoint causal variants and to clarify how the implicated genes affect SDS resistance in soybean. C1 [Wen, Zixiang; Tan, Ruijuan; Yuan, Jiazheng; Bales, Carmille; Du, Wenyan; Zhang, Shichen; Chilvers, Martin I.; Wang, Dechun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Schmidt, Cathy] So Illinois Univ, Agron Res Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62903 USA. [Song, Qijian; Cregan, Perry B.] ARS, USDA, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Wang, DC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, 1066 Bogue St,Rm A384-E, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM wangdech@msu.edu RI Chilvers, Martin/A-3548-2010 OI Chilvers, Martin/0000-0001-8832-1666 FU North Central Soybean Research Program; Michigan Soybean Promotion Committee FX We thank all the participants in the 2011 and 2012 Soybean Sudden Death Syndrome Regional Tests who provided the SDS resistance data and/or the seeds of the tested soybean genotypes. The participants were J. Bond, R. Bowen, P. Chen, S. Cianzio, B. Diers, A. Dorrance, K. Gallo, S. Kantartzi, D. Kyle, D. Malvick, J. H. Orf, H. Ramasubramaniam, and T. Welacky. We also thank C. and A. Druskovich for use of their field and J. Boyse, N. Boyse, R. Laurenz, B. Serven and J. Jacobs for technical assistance. We appreciate Dr. Linda Kull for her coordination of the NCSRP SDS Research Alliance which included this study. We thank Dr. Frank Dennis and Paul Collins for editing. Funding was provided by the North Central Soybean Research Program and Michigan Soybean Promotion Committee. NR 57 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 4 U2 41 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD SEP 23 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 809 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-809 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ0HD UT WOS:000342462900001 PM 25249039 ER PT J AU Simkovic, I Kelnar, I Uhliarikova, I Mendichi, R Mandalika, A Elder, T AF Simkovic, Ivan Kelnar, Ivan Uhliarikova, Iveta Mendichi, Raniero Mandalika, Anurag Elder, Thomas TI Carboxymethylated-, hydroxypropylsulfonated- and quaternized xylan derivative films SO CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS LA English DT Article DE Xylan; Films; Properties; Molar masses; AFM ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CELLULOSE; HEMICELLULOSES AB Under alkaline/water conditions carboxymethyl, 2-hydroxypropylsulfonate and trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl groups were introduced into xylan in one step with the goal to prepare film specimens. The materials were characterized by NMR, SEC-MALS, TG/DTG/DTA, AFM and mechanical testing. The properties of triple, double and mono-substituted materials were compared. The numerical molar masses of the specimens were from 12.3 to 17.6 kg/mol with M-w/M-n from 1.27 to 1.34. The elastic modulus values are decreasing in order: xylan (X; 7354 MPa) > carboxymethyl xylan (CX; 6090 MPa) > 2-hydroxypropylsulfonate xylan (SX; 6000 MPa) > carboxymethyl/2-hydroxypropylsulfonate xylan (CSX; 4490 MPa) > quaternized xylan (QX; 3600 MPa) > carboxymethyl/quaternary/2-hydroxypropylsulfonate xylan (CQSX; 3380 MPa) > carboxymethyl/quaternary xylan (CQX; 2805 MPa). The onset temperatures of SX (214 degrees C), CQSX (212 degrees C), QSX (211 degrees C) and CQX (207 degrees C) were higher than for X (205 degrees C). The roughness values of the film surfaces (3.634-18.667 nm) are higher on top than on the bottom of the specimen. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Simkovic, Ivan; Uhliarikova, Iveta] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Bratislava 84538, Slovakia. [Kelnar, Ivan] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Macromol Chem, CR-16206 Prague, Czech Republic. [Mendichi, Raniero] CNR, Ist Studio Macromol, I-20133 Milan, Italy. [Mandalika, Anurag] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70894 USA. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Simkovic, I (reprint author), Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Chem, Bratislava 84538, Slovakia. EM chemsimk@savba.sk RI Kelnar, Ivan/H-3105-2014; Uhliarikova, Iveta/G-4186-2015 OI Kelnar, Ivan/0000-0002-2334-3319; FU Slovak Granting Agency VEGA [2/7030/7, 2/0087/11, 2/0007/13]; Research & Development Operational Program - ERDF [ITMS 26220120054]; [2003SP200280203]; [2003SP200280301] FX The authors are pleased to acknowledge the State programs # 2003SP200280203 and 2003SP200280301 and Slovak Granting Agency VEGA (Project No 2/7030/7, 2/0087/11 and 2/0007/13) for the support. We acknowledge Eva Spyrkova-Hadzimova for runing the TG/DTG/DTA experiments. This contribution is the result of the project implementation: Centre of excellence for white-green biotechnology, ITMS 26220120054, supported by the Research & Development Operational Program funded by the ERDF. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8617 EI 1879-1344 J9 CARBOHYD POLYM JI Carbohydr. Polym. PD SEP 22 PY 2014 VL 110 BP 464 EP 471 DI 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.04.055 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA AJ9CS UT WOS:000338005000060 PM 24906780 ER PT J AU Weber, GM Hostuttler, MA Cleveland, BM Leeds, TD AF Weber, Gregory M. Hostuttler, Mark A. Cleveland, Beth M. Leeds, Timothy D. TI Growth performance comparison of intercross-triploid, induced triploid, and diploid rainbow trout SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Fish; Salmonid; Polyploidy; Tetraploid; Growth; Breeding ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CHINOOK SALMON; SEXUAL-MATURATION; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; 1ST CLEAVAGE; SURVIVAL; L.; WATER AB Use of all-female triploids (3N) instead of diploids (2N) can be advantageous in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) aquaculture and fisheries management due to sterility and the consequent superior growth and feed conversion achieved at reproductive age. Triploid trout are currently produced by pressure or temperature shock of the zygote (induced-triploid, 3NP). An alternative procedure to create triploids that may have fewer negative effects on embryonic development and result in 100% triploids is to mate a tetraploid (4N) parent with a 2N parent (intercross-triploid, 3NC). We compared growth performance of nine sets of families each consisting of 3NP, 3NC, and 2N siblings through two years of age. The 2N and 3NC fish exhibited greater body weight than the 3NP fish throughout most of the study; however, by the end, body weight of the 3NC fish exceeded that of the 2N and 3NP fish, which were similar. Condition factor was lowest for 3NC and highest for 3NP fish throughout most of the study. Higher rates of vertebral compression in the 3NP fish affected body weight, fork length, and condition factor in this group. The correlations of body weight among families for the three ploidy types ranged from R-2 below 0.03 around 8-9 months post-hatch, to above 0.5 around 1819 month post-hatch, supporting family differences in growth response to triploidization and triploidization strategy. Nevertheless, a greater correlation between 2N and 3NC values than 2N and 3NP values, particularly at body weights above 11 kg, supports greater potential to improve 3NC growth performance compared to 3NP performance when genetic selection is based on the 2N phenotype. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Weber, Gregory M.; Hostuttler, Mark A.; Cleveland, Beth M.; Leeds, Timothy D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Weber, GM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Cool & Cold Water Aquaculture, 11861 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM greg.weber@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service Project [1930-31000-010-000D] FX We acknowledge sampling and animal caretaking contributions from J. Birkett, J. Kretzer, J. Everson, J. McGowan, K. Jenkins, and K. Melody. We also acknowledge Scott Snyder (Zeigler Bros., Inc., Gardners, PA) for providing the unpelleted mash and Rick Barrows (USDA, ARS, Bozeman, MT) for manufacturing the labeled feed used for estimating feed intake. Funding for this study came from the Agricultural Research Service Project 1930-31000-010-000D. NR 50 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD SEP 20 PY 2014 VL 433 BP 85 EP 93 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2014.06.003 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA AQ1GH UT WOS:000342529400013 ER PT J AU Ghoneim, N Bauchart-Thevret, C Oosterloo, B Stoll, B Kulkarni, M de Pipaon, MS Zamora, IJ Olutoye, OO Berg, B Wittke, A Burrin, DG AF Ghoneim, Nada Bauchart-Thevret, Caroline Oosterloo, Berthe Stoll, Barbara Kulkarni, Madhulika Saenz de Pipaon, Miguel Zamora, Irving J. Olutoye, Oluyinka O. Berg, Brian Wittke, Anja Burrin, Douglas G. TI Delayed Initiation but Not Gradual Advancement of Enteral Formula Feeding Reduces the Incidence of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) in Preterm Pigs SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; HUMAN-MILK; PROTEIN; PATHOGENESIS; NUTRITION; COLONIZATION; CALPROTECTIN; DYSFUNCTION; PREVENTION AB Enteral formula feeding is a risk factor for necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants, yet studies are conflicting regarding the safest timing for introduction and advancement of feeds. Our aim was to test the effects of early vs. late initiation and abrupt vs. gradual advancement of enteral feeding of an intact vs. hydrolyzed protein formula on NEC incidence and severity in preterm pigs. In Experiment 1, preterm pigs received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) at birth with abrupt initiation of enteral formula feeds (50% full intake) on d of life (DOL) 2 (EA) or 5 (LA) while PN continued. Pigs were also fed formula containing either intact or hydrolyzed protein. In Experiment 2, preterm pigs received TPN at birth with enteral, hydrolyzed-protein formula feeds introduced on DOL 2 either abruptly (EA; 50% full feeds) or gradually (EG; 10-50% full feeds over 5 d) while PN continued. NEC incidence and severity were assessed based on macroscopic and histological scoring. In Experiment 1, NEC incidence (41% vs. 70%, P<0.05) and severity were reduced in LA vs. EA groups and LA was associated with a higher survival rate, daily weight gain and jejunum villus height. Piglets fed hydrolyzed vs. intact protein formula had lower stomach content weights and similar NEC incidence. In Experiment 2, NEC incidence and severity were not different between pigs the EG vs. EA group. Proinflammatory gene expression (IL-1 beta, IL-6 and S100A9) in the ileum was lower in both LA and EG vs. EA groups. In conclusion, delayed initiation but not gradual advancement of enteral feeding is protective against NEC in preterm pigs. Feeding hydrolyzed vs. intact protein formula improved gastric transit without affecting the NEC incidence. C1 [Ghoneim, Nada; Kulkarni, Madhulika] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Sect Neonatol, Div Pediat Surg,Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Bauchart-Thevret, Caroline; Oosterloo, Berthe; Stoll, Barbara; Burrin, Douglas G.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Div Pediat Surg,Micha, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Burrin, Douglas G.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat,Div Pediat Surg, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg,Sect Gastroenterol He, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Zamora, Irving J.; Olutoye, Oluyinka O.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Saenz de Pipaon, Miguel] La Paz Univ Hosp, Dept Neonatol, Madrid, Spain. [Berg, Brian; Wittke, Anja] Mead Johnson Pediat Nutr Inst, Evansville, IN USA. RP Burrin, DG (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, ARS, USDA,Childrens Nutr Res Ctr,Div Pediat Surg,Micha, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dburrin@bcm.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-001]; Spanish government [BA/12/00086]; Mead Johnson Pediatric Nutrition Institute; Whitlock Foundation; Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH) [P30 DK-56338] FX Funding was provided by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-001, Spanish government fund BA/12/00086 and grant support from the Mead Johnson Pediatric Nutrition Institute, the Whitlock Foundation and the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center (NIH Grant P30 DK-56338). The funder [Mead Johnson Pediatric Nutrition Institute] provided support in the form of salaries for authors [BB and AW], but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the 'author contributions' section. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 13 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 19 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106888 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106888 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ0RY UT WOS:000342491600013 PM 25238061 ER PT J AU Holman, D Sridharan, M Gowda, P Porter, D Marek, T Howell, T Moorhead, J AF Holman, Daniel Sridharan, Mohan Gowda, Prasanna Porter, Dana Marek, Thomas Howell, Terry Moorhead, Jerry TI Gaussian process models for reference ET estimation from alternative meteorological data sources SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Supervised learning; Advanced regression; Evapotranspiration; Texas High Plains ET network ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; FEEDFORWARD NETWORKS; QUANTIFICATION; CLASSIFICATION; TEMPERATURE; ACCURACY AB Accurate estimates of daily crop evapotranspiration (ET) are needed for efficient irrigation management, especially in arid and semi-arid regions where crop water demand exceeds rainfall. Daily grass or alfalfa reference ET values and crop coefficients are widely used to estimate crop water demand. Inaccurate reference ET estimates can hence have a tremendous impact on irrigation costs and the demands on U.S. freshwater resources, particularly within the Ogallala aquifer region. ET networks calculate reference ET using local meteorological data. With gaps in spatial coverage of existing networks and the agriculture-based Texas High Plains ET (TXHPET) network in jeopardy due to lack of funding, there is an immediate need for alternative sources capable of filling data gaps without high maintenance and field-based support costs. Non-agricultural weather stations located throughout the Texas High Plains are providing publicly accessible meteorological data. However, there are concerns that the data may not be suitable for estimating reference ET due to factors such as weather station siting, fetch requirements, data formats, parameters recorded, and quality control issues. The goal of the research reported in this paper is to assess the use of alternative data sources for reference ET computation. Towards this objective, we trained Gaussian process models, an instance of kernel-based machine learning algorithms, on data collected from weather stations to estimate reference ET values and augment the TXHPET database. Results show that Gaussian process models provide much greater accuracy than baseline least square regression models. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Holman, Daniel] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Sridharan, Mohan; Porter, Dana] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand. [Gowda, Prasanna; Howell, Terry; Moorhead, Jerry] USDA ARS, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Porter, Dana] Texas A&M AgriLife Extens Serv, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Marek, Thomas] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. RP Holman, D (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM deholman@ag.tamu.edu NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP 19 PY 2014 VL 517 BP 28 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AO0CP UT WOS:000340977000003 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Zhu, B He, NP Yu, GR Wang, T Chen, WL Tian, J AF Gao, Yang Zhu, Bo He, Nianpeng Yu, Guirui Wang, Tao Chen, Weiliang Tian, Jing TI Phosphorus and carbon competitive sorption-desorption and associated non-point loss respond to natural rainfall events SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agricultural fertilizers; Leaching; Carbon; Phosphorus; Competitive sorption-desorption ID ORGANIC-MATTER; SOUTHWESTERN CHINA; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; PURPLE SOIL; PHOSPHATE; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; RELEASE; WATER; AVAILABILITY AB Long-term application of fertilizer or manure can increase the potential for P loss risk to ground and surface waters due to C and P competitive sorption-desorption. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of long-term agricultural fertilizer application on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved total phosphorus (DTP) loss. The study was conducted at the Yanting Agro-Ecological Experimental Station in Sichuan Province, People's Republic of China, during the 2012 rainy season. The results show that the variations in C and P leaching effects in fertilized soils exposed to natural rainfall events. As expected, application of inorganic and organic fertilizers increases DOC and DTP concentrations in soil and decreases the C:P ratio. Similarly, application of inorganic and organic fertilizers results in greater C and P leaching than that seen in unfertilized soils. The DOC flux was higher in subsurface runoff than in overland flow. In contrast, overland flow was the main pathway for P transport; subsurface runoff accounted for a smaller proportion of the total P transport. The increase of DOC and DTP was higher after use of organic manures than after treatment with inorganic fertilizers. DOC derived from surface-applied organic manures was found to leach at higher rates than that seen for DTP derived from the same source. However, organic manure-derived DOC was found to transport from soil prior to P, when they are surface-applied, demonstrating a higher sorption affinity of P over DOC compared to inorganic fertilization. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the P mobilized through long-term fertilization and enhance the P uptake due to C and P competitive sorption-desorption, and avoid potential leaching loss of P during rainfall process. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Yang; He, Nianpeng; Yu, Guirui; Tian, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Yang] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zhu, Bo; Wang, Tao] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Mt Hazards & Environm, Chengdu 610041, Peoples R China. [Chen, Weiliang] Fujian Agr & Forestry Univ, Coll Forestry, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China. RP Gao, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM gaoyang@igsnrr.ac.cn; bzhu@imde.ac.cn RI 于, 贵瑞/C-1768-2014; OI he, nianpeng/0000-0002-0458-5953 FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [31200404]; Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation open fund; Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS [Y2R20050DD] FX We thank Professor Karen Lofstrom (USA) for his help in revising this paper and giving useful suggestion. This work was financially supported by: 1) National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 31200404); and 2) the Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation open fund, supported by the Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS (Y2R20050DD). The authors would also like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful remarks. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP 19 PY 2014 VL 517 BP 447 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.057 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AO0CP UT WOS:000340977000038 ER PT J AU Senaviratne, GMMMA Udawatta, RP Anderson, SH Baffaut, C Thompson, A AF Senaviratne, G. M. M. M. Anomaa Udawatta, Ranjith P. Anderson, Stephen H. Baffaut, Claire Thompson, Allen TI Use of Fuzzy rainfall-runoff predictions for claypan watersheds with conservation buffers in Northeast Missouri SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agroforestry buffers; Contour upland grass buffers; Fuzzy logic; Genetic algorithm; Field-scale watersheds; Membership function optimization ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; GENETIC ALGORITHM; MODEL CALIBRATION; LOGIC; SOILS; IDENTIFICATION; QUALITY; SYSTEMS AB Fuzzy rainfall-runoff models are often used to forecast flood or water supply in large catchments and applications at small/field scale agricultural watersheds are limited. The study objectives were to develop, calibrate, and validate a fuzzy rainfall-runoff model using long-term data of three adjacent field scale row crop watersheds (1.65-4.44 ha) with intermittent discharge in the claypan soils of Northeast Missouri. The watersheds were monitored for a six-year calibration period starting 1991 (pre-buffer period). Thereafter, two of them were treated with upland contour grass and agroforestry (tree + grass) buffers (4.5 m wide, 36.5 m apart) to study water quality benefits. The fuzzy system was based on Mamdani method using MATLAB 7.10.0. The model predicted event-based runoff with model performance coefficients of r(2) and Nash-Sutcliffe Coefficient (NSC) values greater than 0.65 for calibration and validation. The pre-buffer fuzzy system predicted event-based runoff for 30-50 times larger corn/soybean watersheds with r(2) values of 0.82 and 0.68 and NSC values of 0.77 and 0.53, respectively. The runoff predicted by the fuzzy system closely agreed with values predicted by physically-based Agricultural Policy Environmental eXtender model (APEX) for the pre-buffer watersheds. The fuzzy rainfall-runoff model has the potential for runoff predictions at field-scale watersheds with minimum input. It also could up-scale the predictions for large-scale watersheds to evaluate the benefits of conservation practices. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Senaviratne, G. M. M. M. Anomaa; Udawatta, Ranjith P.; Anderson, Stephen H.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environ & Atmos Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Senaviratne, G. M. M. M. Anomaa; Udawatta, Ranjith P.] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Baffaut, Claire] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Allen] Univ Missouri, Dept Biol Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Senaviratne, GMMMA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environ & Atmos Sci, 266 Ag Eng Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM SenaviratneA@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry [58-6227-1-004]; USDA-ARS; Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of Missouri FX This work was funded through the University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry under cooperative agreements 58-6227-1-004 with the USDA-ARS. Any opinions, findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Additional funds provided by the Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences of the University of Missouri for the research assistantship were greatly appreciated. We would also like to express our sincere appreciation to Andrew Buck and Tushar Kanta Das Nakini of the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Missouri, for their assistance given to this project. We also would like to acknowledge all the reviewers for their extensive reviews to improve the manuscript. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD SEP 19 PY 2014 VL 517 BP 1008 EP 1018 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.06.023 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA AO0CP UT WOS:000340977000084 ER PT J AU Greenlee, JJ Kunkle, RA Richt, JA Nicholson, EM Hamir, AN AF Greenlee, Justin J. Kunkle, Robert A. Richt, Juergen A. Nicholson, Eric M. Hamir, Amir N. TI Lack of Prion Accumulation in Lymphoid Tissues of PRNP ARQ/ARR Sheep Intracranially Inoculated with the Agent of Scrapie SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE SHEEP; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; CERVUS-ELAPHUS-NELSONI; NATURAL SCRAPIE; SUFFOLK SHEEP; INTRACEREBRAL INOCULATION; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; UNITED-STATES; PRP GENOTYPE; PRECLINICAL DIAGNOSIS AB Sheep scrapie is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that can be transmitted horizontally. The prion protein gene (PRNP) profoundly influences the susceptibility of sheep to the scrapie agent and the tissue levels and distribution of PrP Sc in affected sheep. The purpose of this study was to compare the survival time and PrPSc tissue distribution in sheep with highly resistant and highly susceptible PRNP genotypes after intracranial inoculation of the agent of scrapie. Five sheep each of genotype VRQ/VRQ, VRQ/ARR or ARQ/ARR were inoculated. Sheep were euthanized when clinical signs of scrapie became severe. Clinical signs, microscopic lesions, and western blot profiles were uniform across genotypes and consistent with manifestations of classical scrapie. Mean survival time differences were associated with the 171 polymorphic site with VRQ/VRQ sheep surviving 18 months, whereas VRQ/ARR and ARQ/ARR sheep survived 60 and 56 months, respectively. Labeling of PrP Sc by immunohistochemistry revealed similar accumulations in central nervous system tissues regardless of host genotype. Immunoreactivity for PrPSc in lymphoid tissue was consistently abundant in VRQ/VRQ, present but confined to tonsil or retropharyngeal lymph node in 4/5 VRQ/ARR, and totally absent in ARQ/ARR sheep. The results of this study demonstrate the susceptibility of sheep with the ARQ/ARR genotype to scrapie by the intracranial inoculation route with PrPSc accumulation in CNS tissues, but prolonged incubation times and lack of PrP Sc in lymphoid tissue. C1 [Greenlee, Justin J.; Kunkle, Robert A.; Richt, Juergen A.; Nicholson, Eric M.; Hamir, Amir N.] ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Greenlee, JJ (reprint author), ARS, Virus & Pr Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM justin.greenlee@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 18 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e108029 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0108029 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ6KR UT WOS:000342921200074 PM 25233232 ER PT J AU Franz, E Delaquis, P Morabito, S Beutin, L Gobius, K Rasko, DA Bono, J French, N Osek, J Lindstedt, BA Muniesa, M Manning, S LeJeune, J Callaway, T Beatson, S Eppinger, M Dallman, T Forbes, KJ Aarts, H Pearl, DL Gannon, VPJ Laing, CR Strachan, NJC AF Franz, Eelco Delaquis, Pascal Morabito, Stefano Beutin, Lothar Gobius, Kari Rasko, David A. Bono, Jim French, Nigel Osek, Jacek Lindstedt, Bjorn-Arne Muniesa, Maite Manning, Shannon LeJeune, Jeff Callaway, Todd Beatson, Scott Eppinger, Mark Dallman, Tim Forbes, Ken J. Aarts, Henk Pearl, David L. Gannon, Victor P. J. Laing, Chad R. Strachan, Norval J. C. TI Exploiting the explosion of information associated with whole genome sequencing to tackle Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in global food production systems SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Whole genome sequencing; Shiga toxin producing E. coli (STEC); Food safety; E. coli O157; Food chains; Public health ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MANURE-AMENDED SOIL; VIRULENCE FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE MICROARRAY; NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; ENCODING BACTERIOPHAGES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS AB The rates of foodborne disease caused by gastrointestinal pathogens continue to be a concern in both the developed and developing worlds. The growing world population, the increasing complexity of agri-food networks and the wide range of foods now associated with STEC are potential drivers for increased risk of human disease. It is vital that new developments in technology, such as whole genome sequencing (WGS), are effectively utilized to help address the issues associated with these pathogenic microorganisms. This position paper, arising from an OECD funded workshop, provides a brief overview of next generation sequencing technologies and software. It then uses the agent-host-environment paradigm as a basis to investigate the potential benefits and pitfalls of WGS in the examination of (1) the evolution and virulence of STEC, (2) epidemiology from bedside diagnostics to investigations of outbreaks and sporadic cases and (3) food protection from routine analysis of foodstuffs to global food networks. A number of key recommendations are made that include: validation and standardization of acquisition, processing and storage of sequence data including the development of an open access "WGSNET"; building up of sequence databases from both prospective and retrospective isolates; development of a suite of open-access software specific for STEC accessible to non-bioinformaticians that promotes understanding of both the computational and biological aspects of the problems at hand; prioritization of research funding to both produce and integrate genotypic and phenotypic information suitable for risk assessment; training to develop a supply of individuals working in bioinformatics/software development; training for clinicians, epidemiologists, the food industry and other stakeholders to ensure uptake of the technology and finally review of progress of implementation of WGS. Currently the benefits of WGS are being slowly teased out by academic, government, and industry or private sector researchers around the world. The next phase will require a coordinated international approach to ensure that it's potential to contribute to the challenge of STEC disease can be realized in a cost effective and timely manner. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Franz, Eelco; Aarts, Henk] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Delaquis, Pascal] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada. [Morabito, Stefano] Natl Inst Hlth, Rome, Italy. [Beutin, Lothar] Fed Inst Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany. [Gobius, Kari] Archerfield BC Queensland, CSIRO, Archerfield, Qld, Australia. [Rasko, David A.] Univ MD, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bono, Jim] USDA ARS, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [French, Nigel] Massey Univ, Inst Vet Anim & Biomed Sci, Infect Dis Res Ctr, EpiLab, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Osek, Jacek] Natl Inst Vet Res, Pulawy, Poland. [Lindstedt, Bjorn-Arne] Aker Univ Hosp, Unit Gene Technol, Lorenskog, Norway. [Muniesa, Maite] Univ Barcelona, Dept Microbiol, Barcelona, Spain. [Manning, Shannon] MI State Univ, E Lansing, MI USA. [LeJeune, Jeff] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Callaway, Todd] USDA ARS, College Stn, TX USA. [Beatson, Scott] Univ Queensland, Australian Infect Dis Res Ctr, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. [Eppinger, Mark] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Eppinger, Mark] Univ Texas San Antonio, STCEID, San Antonio, TX USA. [Dallman, Tim] Hlth Protect Agcy, London, England. [Forbes, Ken J.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Med & Dent, Aberdeen, Scotland. [Pearl, David L.] Univ Guelph, Ontario Vet Coll, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Gannon, Victor P. J.; Laing, Chad R.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Lab Foodborne Zoonoses, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [Strachan, Norval J. C.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland. RP Strachan, NJC (reprint author), Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Aberdeen, Scotland. EM n.strachan@abdn.ac.uk RI Gobius, Kari/I-4700-2013; Morabito, Stefano/G-1988-2010; Muniesa, Maite/K-4577-2014; Beatson, Scott/B-6985-2013; OI Morabito, Stefano/0000-0003-2467-2912; Muniesa, Maite/0000-0001-5549-1394; Beatson, Scott/0000-0002-1806-3283; David, Rasko/0000-0002-7337-7154 FU OECD FX The OECD for both sponsoring the STEC genomics workshop held in Charlotte, North Carolina, July 2013 and the open access journal fees. NR 154 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 4 U2 92 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1605 EI 1879-3460 J9 INT J FOOD MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Food Microbiol. PD SEP 18 PY 2014 VL 187 BP 57 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2014.07.002 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology SC Food Science & Technology; Microbiology GA AO0HK UT WOS:000340989500009 PM 25051454 ER PT J AU Allen, BL Allen, LR Engeman, RM Leung, LKP AF Allen, Benjamin L. Allen, Lee R. Engeman, Richard M. Leung, Luke K-P TI Sympatric prey responses to lethal top-predator control: predator manipulation experiments SO FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canis lupus dingo; Carnivore conservation; Fauna recovery planning; Ground-dwelling birds; Kangaroo; Poison baiting; Small mammals; Threatened species ID NEW-SOUTH-WALES; CANIS-LUPUS-DINGO; ARID AUSTRALIA; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; MESOPREDATOR RELEASE; INVASIVE MESOPREDATOR; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; EASTERN AUSTRALIA; TROPHIC CASCADES; LARGE CARNIVORE AB Introduction: Many prey species around the world are suffering declines due to a variety of interacting causes such as land use change, climate change, invasive species and novel disease. Recent studies on the ecological roles of top-predators have suggested that lethal top-predator control by humans (typically undertaken to protect livestock or managed game from predation) is an indirect additional cause of prey declines through trophic cascade effects. Such studies have prompted calls to prohibit lethal top-predator control with the expectation that doing so will result in widespread benefits for biodiversity at all trophic levels. However, applied experiments investigating in situ responses of prey populations to contemporary top-predator management practices are few and none have previously been conducted on the eclectic suite of native and exotic mammalian, reptilian, avian and amphibian predator and prey taxa we simultaneously assess. We conducted a series of landscape-scale, multi-year, manipulative experiments at nine sites spanning five ecosystem types across the Australian continental rangelands to investigate the responses of sympatric prey populations to contemporary poison-baiting programs intended to control top-predators (dingoes) for livestock protection. Results: Prey populations were almost always in similar or greater abundances in baited areas. Short-term prey responses to baiting were seldom apparent. Longer-term prey population trends fluctuated independently of baiting for every prey species at all sites, and divergence or convergence of prey population trends occurred rarely. Top-predator population trends fluctuated independently of baiting in all cases, and never did diverge or converge. Mesopredator population trends likewise fluctuated independently of baiting in almost all cases, but did diverge or converge in a few instances. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that Australian populations of prey fauna at lower trophic levels are typically unaffected by top-predator control because top-predator populations are not substantially affected by contemporary control practices, thus averting a trophic cascade. We conclude that alteration of current top-predator management practices is probably unnecessary for enhancing fauna recovery in the Australian rangelands. More generally, our results suggest that theoretical and observational studies advancing the idea that lethal control of top-predators induces trophic cascades may not be as universal as previously supposed. C1 [Allen, Benjamin L.; Leung, Luke K-P] Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. [Allen, Benjamin L.; Allen, Lee R.] Biosecur Queensland, Robert Wicks Pest Anim Res Ctr, Toowoomba, Qld 4350, Australia. [Engeman, Richard M.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Allen, BL (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Agr & Food Sci, Warrego Highway, Gatton, Qld 4343, Australia. EM benjamin.allen@daff.qld.gov.au OI Allen, Benjamin/0000-0002-1533-0163 FU Bureau of Resource Sciences; Caring for Our Country; Natural Heritage Trust; Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre FX Generous in-kind support and hospitality was freely provided by the owners and managers of the beef-cattle properties on which we worked - this research would not have been possible without them. Damien Byrne, Heather Miller, James Speed, Steve Eldridge and Tony Gonzales assisted in the collection of field data. Analytical and editorial advice on earlier drafts of the paper was provided by Joe Scanlan, Matt Gentle and Matt Hayward. Allan Lisle provided additional statistical advice. Al Glen, Camilla Myers, Dane Panetta, Glen Saunders, Greg Campbell, Jim Hone, John Read, Peter Bird, Peter Fleming, Simon Humphrys and Tony Pople provided advice on the associated study of Allen et al. [25], which advice was further used to shape aspects of this related paper as well. Generous funding for components of this study was provided by the following Australian Government funding sources: Bureau of Resource Sciences, Caring for Our Country, and Natural Heritage Trust. These funding bodies had no role in the design, implementation, analysis or publication of this study. Some of this funding was administered by the South Australian Arid Lands Natural Resources Management Board. The production of this report was undertaken as part of work supported by the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Centre. NR 119 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 12 U2 101 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-9994 J9 FRONT ZOOL JI Front. Zool. PD SEP 16 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 56 DI 10.1186/s12983-014-0056-y PG 30 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AP5AU UT WOS:000342092900001 ER PT J AU Hiraishi, H Oatman, J Haller, SL Blunk, L McGivern, B Morris, J Papadopoulos, E Gutierrez, W Gordon, M Bokhari, W Ikeda, Y Miles, D Fellers, J Asano, M Wagner, G Tazi, L Rothenburg, S Brown, SJ Asano, K AF Hiraishi, Hiroyuki Oatman, Jamie Haller, Sherry L. Blunk, Logan McGivern, Benton Morris, Jacob Papadopoulos, Evangelos Gutierrez, Wade Gordon, Michelle Bokhari, Wahaj Ikeda, Yuka Miles, David Fellers, John Asano, Masayo Wagner, Gerhard Tazi, Loubna Rothenburg, Stefan Brown, Susan J. Asano, Katsura TI Essential role of eIF5-mimic protein in animal development is linked to control of ATF4 expression SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GUANINE-NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE; TRANSLATION INITIATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; STRESS-RESPONSE; IN-VIVO; DROSOPHILA; COMPLEX; EIF5; YEAST AB Translational control of transcription factor ATF4 through paired upstream ORFs (uORFs) plays an important role in eukaryotic gene regulation. While it is typically induced by phosphorylation of eIF2 alpha, ATF4 translation can be also induced by expression of a translational inhibitor protein, eIF5-mimic protein 1 (5MP1, also known as BZW2) in mammals. Here we show that the 5MP gene is maintained in eukaryotes under strong purifying selection, but is uniquely missing in two major phyla, nematoda and ascomycota. The common function of 5MP from protozoa, plants, fungi and insects is to control translation by inhibiting eIF2. The affinity of human 5MP1 to eIF2 beta was measured as being equivalent to the published value of human eIF5 to eIF2 beta, in agreement with effective competition of 5MP with eIF5 for the main substrate, eIF2. In the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, RNA interference studies indicate that 5MP facilitates expression of GADD34, a downstream target of ATF4. Furthermore, both 5MP and ATF4 are essential for larval development. Finally, 5MP and the paired uORFs allowing ATF4 control are conserved in the entire metazoa except nematoda. Based on these findings, we discuss the phylogenetic and functional linkage between ATF4 regulation and 5MP expression in this group of eukaryotes. C1 [Hiraishi, Hiroyuki; Oatman, Jamie; Haller, Sherry L.; Blunk, Logan; McGivern, Benton; Morris, Jacob; Gutierrez, Wade; Gordon, Michelle; Bokhari, Wahaj; Ikeda, Yuka; Miles, David; Asano, Masayo; Tazi, Loubna; Rothenburg, Stefan; Brown, Susan J.; Asano, Katsura] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Mol Cellular & Dev Biol Program, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Blunk, Logan; McGivern, Benton; Gutierrez, Wade; Gordon, Michelle; Brown, Susan J.] Kansas State Univ, Arthropod Genom Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Papadopoulos, Evangelos; Wagner, Gerhard] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biol Chem & Mol Pharmacol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fellers, John] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard WinterWheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Asano, K (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Mol Cellular & Dev Biol Program, Ackert Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM kasano@ksu.edu OI Gutierrez, Wade/0000-0002-0643-3566 FU NIH [GM64781]; ARRA; Kansas COBRE-PSF; KSU Terry Johnson Cancer Center, KSU Division of Biology; King Abdullah Scholarship, Saudi Arabia; NCRR [5P20RR016475]; NIGMS [8P20GM103418]; Kansas State University FX NIH R01 [GM64781]; ARRA supplement; Kansas COBRE-PSF Pilot; Innovative Awards from KSU Terry Johnson Cancer Center, KSU Division of Biology [to K. A.]; King Abdullah Scholarship, Saudi Arabia [to W.B.]; NCRR [5P20RR016475 to S.J.B.]; NIGMS [8P20GM103418 to S.J.B.]. Funding for open access charge: Kansas State University. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 EI 1362-4962 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 42 IS 16 BP 10321 EP 10330 DI 10.1093/nar/gku670 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AT0TM UT WOS:000344647700016 PM 25147208 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Fayer, R Rosenthal, BM Calero-Bernal, R Uggla, A AF Dubey, J. P. Fayer, R. Rosenthal, B. M. Calero-Bernal, R. Uggla, A. TI Identity of Sarcocystis species of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cattle (Bos taurus) and the suppression of Sarcocystis sinensis as a nomen nudum SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Sarcocystis; Cattle (Bos taurus); Water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis); People's Republic of China; Sarcocystis sinensis; Nomen nudum ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; CRUZI SPOROCYSTS; RFLP ANALYSIS; SP. PROTOZOA; SHEEP; IDENTIFICATION; NOMENCLATURE; COCCIDIA; CALVES AB There are uncertainties concerning the identity and host species specificity of Sarcocystis species of the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) and cattle (Bos taurus). Currently, in cattle three species are recognized with known endogenous stages, viz.: S. cruzi (with canine definitive host), S. hirsuta (feline definitive host), and S. hominis (primate definitive host). Recently, a fourth Sarcocystis species with an unknown life cycle has been reported from cattle. In the water buffalo, four species of Sarcocystis have been described: S. fusiformis (feline definitive host), S. buffalonis (feline definitive host), S. levinei (canine definitive host), and S. dubeyi (definitive host unknown but not cat or dog). Besides, there are studies of Sarcocystis infections in buffalo and cattle from China with results that are difficult to interpret and validate. For example, some of the studies report transmission of Sarcocystis species between cattle and buffalo, but steps to preclude exogenous exposures were not reported. A species of the water buffalo, 'S. sinensis', was proposed at a Chinese national conference in 1990, and published as an abstract without figures and with no archived type specimens for verification. The International Code of Zoological Nomenclature Articles 9 and 10 state that "abstracts of articles, papers, posters, text of lectures, and similar material when issued primarily to participants at meetings, symposia, colloquia or congress does not constitute published work"; therefore, S. sinensis is a nomen nudum. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Dubey, J. P.; Fayer, R.; Rosenthal, B. M.; Calero-Bernal, R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Uggla, A.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biomed & Vet Publ Hlth, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM jitender.dubey@ars.usda.gov OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 NR 43 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 EI 1873-2550 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 205 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.06.020 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA AQ1NL UT WOS:000342548000001 PM 25034134 ER PT J AU Guan, XF AF Guan, Xinfu TI The CNS glucagon-like peptide-2 receptor in the control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glucagon-like peptides; glucose homeostasis; food intake; gastric emptying; gut-brain axis; insulin sensitivity; central nervous system ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SENSITIVE K+ CHANNELS; DORSAL VAGAL COMPLEX; HYPOTHALAMIC PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN NEURONS; CENTRAL MELANOCORTIN SYSTEM; NUCLEUS-TRACTUS-SOLITARIUS; PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTOR; INTESTINAL-CELL SURVIVAL; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; FOOD-INTAKE AB The gut-brain axis plays a key role in the control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis. In response to luminal stimulation of macronutrients and microbiotaderived metabolites (secondary bile acids and short chain fatty acids), glucagon-like peptides (GLP-1 and -2) are cosecreted from endocrine L cells in the gut and coreleased from preproglucagonergic neurons in the brain stem. Glucagon-like peptides are proposed as key mediators for bariatric surgery-improved glycemic control and energy balance. Little is known about the GLP-2 receptor (Glp2r)-mediated physiological roles in the control of food intake and glucose homeostasis, yet Glp1r has been studied extensively. This review will highlight the physiological relevance of the central nervous system (CNS) Glp2r in the control of energy balance and glucose homeostasis and focuses on cellular mechanisms underlying the CNS Glp2r-mediated neural circuitry and intracellular PI3K signaling pathway. New evidence (obtained from Glp2r tissue-specific KO mice) indicates that the Glp2r in POMC neurons is essential for suppressing feeding behavior, gastrointestinal motility, and hepatic glucose production. Mice with Glp2r deletion selectively in POMC neurons exhibit hyperphagic behavior, accelerated gastric emptying, glucose intolerance, and hepatic insulin resistance. GLP-2 differentially modulates postsynaptic membrane excitability of hypothalamic POMC neurons in Glp2r- and PI3K-dependent manners. GLP-2 activates the PI3K-Akt-FoxO1 signaling pathway in POMC neurons by Glp2r-p85 alpha interaction. Intracerebroventricular GLP-2 augments glucose tolerance, suppresses glucose production, and enhances insulin sensitivity, which require PI3K (p110 alpha) activation in POMC neurons. Thus, the CNS Glp2r plays a physiological role in the control of food intake and glucose homeostasis. This review will also discuss key questions for future studies. C1 [Guan, Xinfu] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Guan, Xinfu] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Metab, Houston, TX USA. RP Guan, XF (reprint author), Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St11, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM xguan@bcm.edu FU USDA/ARS [6250-51000-049-02S-2, 6250-51000-054-00D-3]; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [DK-075489, DK-084125]; NIH [DK-56338] FX This work is supported by the USDA/ARS under Cooperative Agreement No. 6250-51000-049-02S-2 and 6250-51000-054-00D-3 (to X. Guan); National Institutes of Health (NIH) Grants DK-075489 and DK-084125 (XG); and NIH grant DK-56338 (which supports the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center). NR 141 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 EI 1522-1490 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 307 IS 6 BP R585 EP R596 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00096.2014 PG 12 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA AO9TN UT WOS:000341700300002 PM 24990862 ER PT J AU Marini, JC Didelija, IC Fiorotto, ML AF Marini, Juan C. Didelija, Inka C. Fiorotto, Marta L. TI Extrarenal citrulline disposal in mice with impaired renal function SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arginine; citrulline; kidney; stable isotope ID NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; ARGININE-FREE DIETS; AMINO-ACID; ARGININOSUCCINATE SYNTHETASE; PLASMA ARGININE; IN-VIVO; METABOLISM; ORNITHINE; RAT AB The endogenous synthesis of arginine, a semiessential amino acid, relies on the production of citrulline by the gut and its conversion into arginine by the kidney in what has been called the "intestinal-renal axis" for arginine synthesis. Although the kidney is the main site for citrulline disposal, it only accounts for similar to 60-70% of the citrulline produced. Because the only known fate for citrulline is arginine synthesis and the enzymes that catalyze this reaction are widespread among body tissues, we hypothesized that citrulline can be utilized directly by tissues to meet, at least partially, their arginine needs. To test this hypothesis, we used stable and radioactive tracers in conscious, partially nephrectomized (1/2 and 5/6) and anesthetized acutely kidney-ligated mouse models. Nephrectomy increased plasma citrulline concentration but did not affect citrulline synthesis rates, thus reducing its clearance. Nephrectomy (5/6) reduced the amount of citrulline accounted for as plasma arginine from 88 to 42%. Acute kidney ligation increased the half-life and mean retention time of citrulline. Whereas the rate of citrulline conversion into plasma arginine was reduced, it was not eliminated. In addition, we observed direct utilization of citrulline for arginine synthesis and further incorporation into tissue protein in kidney-ligated mice. These observations indicate that a fraction of the citrulline produced is utilized directly by multiple tissues to meet their arginine needs and that extrarenal sites contribute to plasma arginine. Furthermore, when the interorgan synthesis of arginine is impaired, these extrarenal sites are able to increase their rate of citrulline utilization. C1 [Marini, Juan C.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Marini, Juan C.; Didelija, Inka C.; Fiorotto, Marta L.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marini, JC (reprint author), 1100 Bates St,Mail Stop BCM320, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM marini@bcm.edu FU US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6-001]; National Institutes of Health [K01 RR024173] FX This work was supported by funds from the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, under Cooperative Agreement Number 58-6250-6-001, and the National Institutes of Health (Grant K01 RR024173 to J. C. Marini). NR 38 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X EI 1522-1466 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 307 IS 6 BP F660 EP F665 DI 10.1152/ajprenal.00289.2014 PG 6 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA AO9UT UT WOS:000341704300004 PM 25056350 ER PT J AU Chestnut, T Anderson, C Popa, R Blaustein, AR Voytek, M Olson, DH Kirshtein, J AF Chestnut, Tara Anderson, Chauncey Popa, Radu Blaustein, Andrew R. Voytek, Mary Olson, Deanna H. Kirshtein, Julie TI Heterogeneous Occupancy and Density Estimates of the Pathogenic Fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Waters of North America SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; AQUATIC COMMUNITIES; ALVEOLATE PATHOGEN; ENVIRONMENTAL DNA; SP-NOV; CLIMATE AB Biodiversity losses are occurring worldwide due to a combination of stressors. For example, by one estimate, 40% of amphibian species are vulnerable to extinction, and disease is one threat to amphibian populations. The emerging infectious disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the aquatic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is a contributor to amphibian declines worldwide. Bd research has focused on the dynamics of the pathogen in its amphibian hosts, with little emphasis on investigating the dynamics of free-living Bd. Therefore, we investigated patterns of Bd occupancy and density in amphibian habitats using occupancy models, powerful tools for estimating site occupancy and detection probability. Occupancy models have been used to investigate diseases where the focus was on pathogen occurrence in the host. We applied occupancy models to investigate free-living Bd in North American surface waters to determine Bd seasonality, relationships between Bd site occupancy and habitat attributes, and probability of detection from water samples as a function of the number of samples, sample volume, and water quality. We also report on the temporal patterns of Bd density from a 4-year case study of a Bd-positive wetland. We provide evidence that Bd occurs in the environment year-round. Bd exhibited temporal and spatial heterogeneity in density, but did not exhibit seasonality in occupancy. Bd was detected in all months, typically at less than 100 zoospores L-1. The highest density observed was similar to 3 million zoospores L-1. We detected Bd in 47% of sites sampled, but estimated that Bd occupied 61% of sites, highlighting the importance of accounting for imperfect detection. When Bd was present, there was a 95% chance of detecting it with four samples of 600 ml of water or five samples of 60 mL. Our findings provide important baseline information to advance the study of Bd disease ecology, and advance our understanding of amphibian exposure to free-living Bd in aquatic habitats over time. C1 [Chestnut, Tara] Oregon State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chestnut, Tara; Anderson, Chauncey] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA. [Popa, Radu] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Blaustein, Andrew R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Voytek, Mary] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm Headquarters, Astrobiol Program, Washington, DC USA. [Olson, Deanna H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kirshtein, Julie] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Chestnut, T (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM chestnut@usgs.gov FU National Science Foundation [0948041]; US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; US Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI) FX Support was provided by the National Science Foundation GK-12 Graduate STEM Fellows in K-12 Education Program (Award #0948041) to TC, US Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and US Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 113 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 56 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106790 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106790 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP0SR UT WOS:000341774800026 PM 25222122 ER PT J AU Russell, MB Woodall, CW D'Amato, AW Domke, GM Saatchi, SS AF Russell, Matthew B. Woodall, Christopher W. D'Amato, Anthony W. Domke, Grant M. Saatchi, Sassan S. TI Beyond mean functional traits: Influence of functional trait profiles on forest structure, production, and mortality across the eastern US SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Shade tolerance; Drought tolerance; Flood tolerance; Wood density; Biomass; Volume ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CARBON STORAGE; CLIMATE; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; BIOMASS; STAND; BIODIVERSITY; DIFFERENCE; TOLERANCE AB Plant functional traits (PFTs) have increased in popularity in recent years to describe various ecosystems and biological phenomena while advancing general ecological principles. To date, few have investigated distributional attributes of individual PFTs and their relationship with key attributes and processes of forest ecosystems. The objective of this study was to quantify the distribution-and contribution of various PFTs in determining forest structure, live tree production (volume and biomass), and tree mortality across the eastern US. In total, 16 metrics representing species specific gravity and their shade, flood, and drought tolerance were used to develop a PFT profile for over 23,000 permanent sample plots in the region. Spatial relationships were observed when analyzing not only the mean value of these traits but also measures of PFT complexity: the standard deviation, Shannon's index (a measure of PFT diversity), and Gini coefficient (a measure of PFT inequality). Results from nonparametric random forests models indicated that variables which formed the PFT profile contributed to explaining broad-scale patterns in the variability in forest structure (volume and biomass of overstory live trees, maximum stand density index, and tree seedling abundance; R-2 ranged from 0.09 to 0.78), production (volume [R-2 = 0.16] and biomass accretion [R-2 = 0.11]), and to a lesser degree, tree mortality. Despite the variability in the data employed and the variety of forest management regimes in these stands, this work demonstrates the utility of applying PFT profiles for understanding and predicting patterns of forest structure and production and their role in critical ecosystem processes such as carbon sequestration. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Russell, Matthew B.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.; Domke, Grant M.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Saatchi, Sassan S.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. RP Russell, MB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM russellm@umn.edu OI Domke, Grant/0000-0003-0485-0355 FU USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station; Department of Interior-Northeast Climate Science Center FX This work was supported by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station and the Department of Interior-Northeast Climate Science Center. We thank David Bell, Miranda Curzon, John Stanovick and two anonymous reviewers for their comments that improved the content of this work and Brian Walters for data compilation efforts. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 328 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.014 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO4VS UT WOS:000341340100001 ER PT J AU Otto, MSG Hubbard, RM Binkley, D Stape, JL AF Gentil Otto, Marina Shinkai Hubbard, Robert M. Binkley, Dan Stape, Jose Luiz TI Dominant clonal Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla trees use water more efficiently SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biomass increment; Sap flow; Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla; Resource use efficiency ID SAP FLOW; CANOPY CONDUCTANCE; CARBON ALLOCATION; INDIVIDUAL-TREE; GROWTH; STAND; PRODUCTIVITY; PLANTATION; HYPOTHESIS; FOREST AB Wood growth in trees depends on the acquisition of resources, and can vary with tree size leading to a variety of stand dynamics. Typically, larger trees obtain more resources and grow faster than smaller trees, but while light has been addressed more often, few case studies have investigated the contributions of water use and water use efficiency (WUE) within stands to isolate the tree-size dominance effect. Our sites were located near the cities of Aracruz and Eunapolis in Northeastern Brazil. We measured tree biomass growth, water use and WUE to explore patterns of growth among dominant and non-dominant trees in rainfed (1350 mm yr(-1)) and irrigated experimental stands in two high productivity tropical clones of Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla growing in clayey Ultisol soils. During the study period, irrigation supplied an additional 607 mm and 171 mm at the Aracruz and Eunapolis sites respectively. We tested two hypotheses; (1) larger trees transpire more water, and produce more wood per water used (higher water use efficiency, WUE) than smaller trees of the same clone and; (2) this pattern also applies if a water surplus is added via irrigation to alleviate water stress. Across both sites, we measured stand water use using sap flow sensors from August to December, and quantified wood growth on a tree-basis and then derived WUE, in kg wood per m(3) of water transpired. Dominant trees showed higher rates of tree growth, water use and WUE than dominated trees for the two sites-clones and under both water supply regimes. Using the rainfed trees at Aracruz as an example, 50 kg trees grew 1.0 kg month(-1) compared with growth of 100-kg trees of 3.8 kg month(-1). The smaller trees would use water in a rate of 2.1 m(3) month(-1), compared with 3.1 m(3) month(-1) for the larger trees, demonstrating a higher VVUE for the larger tree (1.2 kg m(-3) versus 0.5 kg m(-3)). Our results suggest that manipulating stand density on heterogeneous stands, e.g. thinning, has the potential to minimize the tradeoffs between wood growth and tree water use in Eucalyptus grandis x urophylla plantations, mainly in tropical regions with seasonal water deficit. However, more research is needed to discern the underlying mechanisms responsible for higher WUE exhibited by dominant trees and distinct clones. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gentil Otto, Marina Shinkai] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Plant Physiol & Biochem, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Hubbard, Robert M.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Binkley, Dan] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Stape, Jose Luiz] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stape, Jose Luiz] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. RP Otto, MSG (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM msgentil@usp.br RI Hubbard, Robert/J-6059-2012; otto, Marina/P-5227-2016 FU CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil [Proc BEX. 10614/13-3] FX M.S.G Otto was sponsored by CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil - Proc BEX. 10614/13-3. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 328 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.032 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO4VS UT WOS:000341340100012 ER PT J AU Gray, AN Whittier, TR AF Gray, Andrew N. Whittier, Thomas R. TI Carbon stocks and changes on Pacific Northwest national forests and the role of disturbance, management, and growth SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Carbon sequestration; Forest inventory; Harvest; Dead wood ID NET ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; WESTERN OREGON; MANAGING FORESTS; INVENTORY DATA; WOODY DEBRIS; BIOMASS; BALANCE; STORAGE; CLIMATE AB The National Forest System (NFS) of the United States plays an important role in the carbon cycle because these lands make up a large proportion of the forested land in the country and commonly store more wood per unit area than other forest ownerships. In addition to sustaining natural resources, these lands are managed for multiple objectives that do not always align with maximizing carbon (C) sequestration. The objectives of this study were to determine C stocks and flux in measured pools on Pacific Northwest Region NFS lands and the major ecological drivers of C flux. We compiled tree, dead wood, and understory vegetation data from 11,435 systematically-placed inventory plots and estimated growth, mortality, decay, removals, and disturbance events based on two full measurements spanning 1993-2007. The area of NFS-administered lands increased by 0.3% during this period and the area in formally-designated protected status increased by 0.7%. There was 1293 Tg C (+/- 11.2 Tg standard error) in non-soil C stocks at the first measurement, which increased by 45 +/- 2.2 Tg (3.4%), with 59% of the increase in the live tree pool and the remainder in the dead tree pools. C stocks followed broad regional patterns in productivity while C flux varied at local scales. Fires affected <1% of the forested area per year and were most prevalent in Wilderness areas. Fires reduced C stocks on burned plots by only 9%, and had a negligible effect on the region as a whole. Most tree harvest on NFS lands in the region consisted of partial harvest and had comparable impacts to fire during this period. C sequestration rates were higher (1.2 +/- 0.09 Mg/ha/yr) on the west side of the Cascade Mountains, and primarily stayed in the live tree pool, compared to lower rates (0.5 +/- 0.04 Mg/ha/yr) east of the Cascades where most of the increase was seen in the down wood pool. We discuss challenges to estimating forest ecosystem carbon stocks, which requires the application of a large number of equations and parameters for measured and unmeasured components, some with scant empirical support. Improved measurements and biomass models applied to networks of permanent plots would enable improved ground-based estimates of the drivers and components of regional changes in C. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gray, Andrew N.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Whittier, Thomas R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Whittier, Thomas R.] Oregon State Univ, Soc Dept, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Gray, AN (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson W, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM agray01@fs.fed.us FU Pacific Northwest Region; Pacific Northwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service FX Thanks to Jim Alegria, Carol Apple, Rhonda Mathison, Bob Brown, and many other Pacific Northwest Region staff and contractors for collecting the data, managing the database, and compiling and cleaning the data. Thanks to George Otanic for improving and maintaining accurate and reliable spatial databases of NFS ownership and land status. Thanks to Karen Wadell and Bruce Hiserote for the initial compilation of the regional datasets. Thanks to David Turner, Greg Kujawa, Richard Birdsey, Robyn Darbyshire, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Funding for this study was provided by the Pacific Northwest Region and the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the USDA Forest Service. NR 75 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 43 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 328 BP 167 EP 178 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.015 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO4VS UT WOS:000341340100018 ER PT J AU Lydersen, JM North, MP Collins, BM AF Lydersen, Jamie M. North, Malcolm P. Collins, Brandon M. TI Severity of an uncharacteristically large wildfire, the Rim Fire, in forests with relatively restored frequent fire regimes SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Rim Fire; Frequent fire regime; Mixed conifer forest; Fire severity; Forest resilience; Interacting fires ID NEVADA WILDERNESS AREAS; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; VARIABLE IMPORTANCE; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; BURN SEVERITY; PINE FORESTS; USA; CALIFORNIA AB The 2013 Rim Fire, originating on Forest Service land, burned into old-growth forests within Yosemite National Park with relatively restored frequent-fire regimes (>= 2 predominantly low and moderate severity burns within the last 35 years). Forest structure and fuels data were collected in the field 3-4 years before the fire, providing a rare chance to use pre-existing plot data to analyze fire effects. We used regression tree and random forests analysis to examine the influence of forest structure, fuel, fire history, topographic and weather conditions on observed fire severity in the Rim Fire, as estimated from an initial fire severity assessment based on the relative differenced normalized burn ratio (RdNBR). Plots that burned on days with strong plume activity experienced moderate- to high-severity fire effects regardless of forest conditions, fire history or topography. Fire severity was also highly negatively associated with elevation, with lower severity observed in plots over 1700 m. Burning index (a composite index of fire weather), time since the last fire, and shrub cover had strong positive associations with fire severity. Plots that had experienced fire within the last 14 years burned mainly at low severity in the Rim Fire, while plots that exceeded that time since last fire tended to burn at moderate or high severity. This effect of time since last fire was even more pronounced on days when the burning index was high. Our results suggest that wildfire burning under extreme weather conditions, as is often the case with fires that escape initial attack, can produce large areas of high-severity fire even in fuels-reduced forests with restored fire regimes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lydersen, Jamie M.; North, Malcolm P.; Collins, Brandon M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [North, Malcolm P.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Collins, Brandon M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Fire Res & Outreach, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lydersen, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM jmlydersen@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station FX We are grateful for the helpful comments from Eric Knapp, USDA Forest Service, and two anonymous reviewers, which greatly improved the quality of the manuscript. We thank Cristin Walters for assistance with field data collection. Funding was provided by USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station. NR 54 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 50 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 328 BP 326 EP 334 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.005 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO4VS UT WOS:000341340100034 ER PT J AU Watmough, SA Whitfield, CJ Fenn, ME AF Watmough, Shaun A. Whitfield, Colin J. Fenn, Mark E. TI The importance of atmospheric base cation deposition for preventing soil acidification in the Athabasca Oil Sands Region of Canada SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Acid deposition; Base cations; Oil sands; Mineral weathering ID WEATHERING RATES; ACID DEPOSITION; CRITICAL LOADS; FOREST SOILS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; AIR-POLLUTION; MAGIC MODEL; ALBERTA; SULFATE; THROUGHFALL AB Industrial activities in the oil sands region of Alberta, Canada have resulted in greatly elevated emissions of SO2 and N (NOx and NH3) and there are concerns over possible widespread ecosystem acidification. Acid sensitive soils in the region are common and have very low base cation weathering rates: the median base cation weathering rate estimated for 63 sites using PROFILE was just 17 mmol(c) m(-2) yr(-1). Deposition of S and N in throughfall was approximately twice as high as deposition measured with open collectors and could be as high as 360 mmol(c) m(-2) yr(-1) within 20 km of the main industrial center, although deposition declined logarithmically with distance from the industrial activities. Base cation deposition however, mostly exceeded the combined inputs of S and N in bulk deposition and throughfall, particularly during the summer months. The potential for soil acidification at a site close (<3 km) to the largest mine was assessed using the dynamic ecosystem acidification model, MAGIC (Model of Acidification of Groundwater in Catchments). Despite very low base cation weathering rates (similar to 6 mmol(c) m(-2) yr(-1)) and high (similar to 250 mmol(c) m(-2) yr(-1)) acid (S + N) deposition at the site, soil base saturation and soil solution pH and molar Ca:Al ratio were predicted to increase in the future assuming acid and base cation deposition constant at current rates. This work shows that despite extremely low soil base cation weathering rates in the region, the risk of soil acidification is mitigated to a large extent by high base cation deposition, which in contrast to S emissions is derived from fugitive dust sources in the mines, and is poorly quantified for regional modeling studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Watmough, Shaun A.] Trent Univ, Environm Resource Studies Program, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Whitfield, Colin J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Hydrol Geog & Planning, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C8, Canada. [Fenn, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, Ecosyst Funct & Hlth Program, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Watmough, SA (reprint author), Trent Univ, Environm Resource Studies Program, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. FU CEMA; WBEA; NSERC FX The authors would like to thank CEMA and WBEA for logistical support and the provision of data and financial support. Support for CJW was provided through an NSERC Post-Doctoral Fellowship. NR 54 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 10 U2 72 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 493 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.05.110 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN0ZH UT WOS:000340312000001 PM 24937487 ER PT J AU Mohanty, SK Cantrell, KB Nelson, KL Boehm, AB AF Mohanty, Sanjay K. Cantrell, Ken B. Nelson, Kara L. Boehm, Alexandria B. TI Efficacy of biochar to remove Escherichia coli from stormwater under steady and intermittent flow SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Water treatment; Low impact development; Geomedia; Fecal indicator bacteria; Organic carbon; Biochar property ID UNSATURATED POROUS-MEDIA; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; HUMIC-ACID; PYROLYTIC TEMPERATURES; CELL CONCENTRATION; COATED SAND; TRANSPORT; SOIL; ADHESION; SORPTION AB Biofilters, designed to facilitate the infiltration of stormwater into soil, are generally ineffective in removing bacteria from stormwater, thereby causing pollution of groundwater and receiving surface waters. The bacterial removal capacity of biofilters has been shown to be lower in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) and during intermittent infiltration of stormwater. To improve the removal of fecal indicator bacteria (Escherichia coli) under these conditions, we amended sand with 5% (by weight) biochar, a carbonaceous geomedia produced by pyrolysis of biomass, and investigated the removal and remobilization of E. coli. Three types of biochar were used to evaluate the role of biochar properties on the removal. Compared to sand, biochar not only retained up to 3 orders of magnitude more E. coli, but also prevented their mobilization during successive intermittent flows. In the presence of NOM, the removal capacity of biochar was lower, but remained higher than sand alone. The improved retention with the biochar amendment is attributed to an increase in the attachment of E. coli at the primary minimum and to an increase in the water-holding capacity of biochar-amended sand, which renders driving forces such as moving air water interfaces less effective in detaching bacteria from grain surfaces. Biochars with lower volatile matter and polarity appear to be more effective in removing bacteria from stormwater. Overall, our results suggest that a biochar amendment to biofilter media has the potential to effectively remove bacteria from stormwater. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mohanty, Sanjay K.; Boehm, Alexandria B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94205 USA. [Cantrell, Ken B.] USDA ARS, Florence, SC USA. [Nelson, Kara L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Boehm, AB (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94205 USA. EM aboehm@stanford.edu RI Mohanty, Sanjay/H-9304-2013; Nelson, Kara/G-7886-2015 OI Mohanty, Sanjay/0000-0002-2142-5572; FU Re-inventing Nations Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIT); Engineering Research Center (ERC) - U.S. National Science Foundation [EEC-1028968] FX This work is supported by Re-inventing Nations Urban Water Infrastructure (ReNUWIT), an Engineering Research Center (ERC) funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (Grant# EEC-1028968). We thank Tom Miles (T.R. Miles, Technical Consultants Inc.) for donating the Sonoma biochar. We appreciate David W. Rutherford (US Geological Survey, Golden, CO) and Bridget Ulrich (Colorado School of Mines) for measuring surface area of biochars. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 14 U2 109 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 61 BP 288 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.026 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA AN1IQ UT WOS:000340336300027 PM 24952272 ER PT J AU Choudhary, N Roy, A Govindarajulu, A Nakhla, MK Levy, L Brlansky, RH AF Choudhary, Nandlal Roy, Avijit Govindarajulu, A. Nakhla, M. K. Levy, L. Brlansky, R. H. TI Production of monoclonal antibodies for detection of Citrus leprosis virus C in enzyme-linked immuno-assays and immunocapture reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Citrus leprosis virus C; Monoclonal antibody; DAS-ELISA; DBIA; IC-RT-PCR ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PUTATIVE COAT PROTEIN; GENOMIC ORGANIZATION; IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PLANT-VIRUSES; CILV-C; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS; SYMPTOMS AB Citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C) causes damage in citrus production in the South and Central America. Since closely related types of citrus viruses have recently been described monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) are needed for accurate and sensitive diagnosis of CiLV-C. In this study, MAbs to the expressed coat protein of CiLV-C were produced for serological detection of CiLV-C in crude extracts of infected tissues in double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (DAS-ELISA), dot blot immunosorbent assays (DBIA) and immuonocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) procedures. Monoclonal antibodies were developed in mice to the purified expressed coat protein of CiLV-C. The published standard protocols of DAS-ELISA, DBIA and IC-RT-PCR were followed for the detection of coat protein p29 of CiLV-C in the crude extracts of CiLV-C infected tissues. Two monoclonal antibodies, designated G10 and C11, were identified from four potential candidates for the specific and sensitive detection of coat protein p29 of CiLV-C in the crude citrus extracts of CiLV-C infected tissues in DAS-ELISA, whereas G10 was also selected based on performance for use in the DBIA and IC-RT-PCR diagnostic assays. Sensitivity analysis comparing the three methods for detection of coat protein p29 of CiLV-C determined that IC-RT-PCR was more sensitive than DAS-ELISA and DBIA. The creation of MAbs to CiLV-C allows for the sensitive and accurate detection of the virus from CiLV-C infected citrus leaf tissues. Successful detection of the virus in three diagnostic assays formats provides flexibility to diagnosticians who can use either ELISA or DBIA for screening large numbers of samples, and IC-RT-PCR for rapid, sensitive confirmation testing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Choudhary, Nandlal; Roy, Avijit; Govindarajulu, A.; Brlansky, R. H.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. [Nakhla, M. K.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Beltsville Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Levy, L.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol, Directors Off, Riverdale, MD 20737 USA. RP Brlansky, RH (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Citrus Res & Educ Ctr, Lake Alfred, FL 33850 USA. EM rhby@ufl.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture; Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ); Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA [12-8130-1246-CA] FX This work was financially supported by the United States Department of Agriculture - Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service - Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ), Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Beltsville Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA (Grant number 12-8130-1246-CA). We would like to thank Abby Guerra in Panama, and M.C. Jose Abel Lopez Buenfil and Iobana Alanis in Mexico for providing Citrus leprosis virus C infected plant materials. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 206 BP 144 EP 149 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.06.010 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA AM9RQ UT WOS:000340219100024 PM 24956418 ER PT J AU Gao, Y Zhu, XJ Yu, GR He, NP Wang, QF Tian, J AF Gao, Yang Zhu, Xianjin Yu, Guirui He, Nianpeng Wang, Qiufeng Tian, Jing TI Water use efficiency threshold for terrestrial ecosystem carbon sequestration in China under afforestation SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Water use efficiency; C sequestration; Afforestation; Precipitation isoline; Threshold value; Climatic zone ID FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; SEMIARID AREAS; EASTERN CHINA; NITROGEN; SCALE; PRODUCTIVITY; ENVIRONMENT; LIMITATION; RESPONSES; PATTERNS AB Forests play a vital role in global carbon (C) cycling. Accordingly, afforestation engineering programs that promote increased terrestrial C stocks are an important means to help gradually decrease atmospheric CO2 emissions. China, however, had increased its afforested area bordering hydroclimatic zones to 275.71 million hm(2) between 1949 and 2010. Ecosystem water use efficiency (EWUE) and plant water use efficiency (PVVUE) provide data on ecosystem sensitivity to water availability across rainfall regimes. The water consumption cost of C sequestration (WCCC) is also an important parameter that gauges the cost of C sequestration under afforestation. However, abrupt changes in EWUE and PWUE (threshold values of 1.5 and 3.6 gC kg(-1) H2O, respectively) have been measured within the 400-500 mm precipitation climatic isoline boundary situated between semi-humid and arid zones. The threshold value of the corresponding WCCC was 1.0 kg H2O gC(-1). Forest ecosystems in China typically generate high EVVUE and PWUE values (2.80 +/- 0.77 and 4.25 +/- 1.02 gC kg(-1) H2O, respectively) but low WCCC values (0.52 +/- 0.42 kg H2O g(-1) C), providing proof that afforestation is the best choice in increasing terrestrial C stocks. However, China's major afforestation engineering programs have concentrated efforts toward low EWUE and PWUE and high WCCC in the western region of the 400-500 mm precipitation isoline boundary, belonging to the arid and semiarid zones, which introduced potential environmental risks. Therefore, policies related to large-scale C sequestration initiatives under afforestation must first fully consider the statuses of WCCC and WUE. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Yang; Zhu, Xianjin; Yu, Guirui; He, Nianpeng; Wang, Qiufeng; Tian, Jing] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Yang] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Yu, GR (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn RI 于, 贵瑞/C-1768-2014; wang, qiufeng/C-1654-2013; Zhu, XianJin/B-2779-2009; OI Zhu, XianJin/0000-0002-5662-3472; he, nianpeng/0000-0002-0458-5953 FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [31290221]; Program for "Bingwei" Excellent Talents from Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS FX We would like to thank Brian Doonan and Miao Chiyuan (Beijing Normal University) for their help in editing this paper and providing the figure MAP of China. This work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No. 31290221) and the Program for "Bingwei" Excellent Talents from Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS. The authors would also like to thank all anonymous reviewers for their helpful remarks. NR 30 TC 28 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 84 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 EI 1873-2240 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 195 BP 32 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.04.010 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AL6BH UT WOS:000339216600004 ER PT J AU Min, B McClung, A Chen, MH AF Min, Byungrok McClung, Anna Chen, Ming-Hsuan TI Effects of hydrothermal processes on antioxidants in brown, purple and red bran whole grain rice (Oryza sativa L.) SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Parboil; Wet-cook; Antioxidant; Antioxidant capacity; Vitamin E; Anthocyanins; Proanthocyanidins; Purple rice; Black rice; Red rice ID PHENOLIC CONTENT; PRODUCTS; ANTHOCYANIN; VEGETABLES; CAPACITY; POLYMER; CELLS; BLACK AB The impacts of parboiling and wet-cooking, alone and in combination, on the concentrations of lipophilic antioxidants (vitamin E and gamma-oryzanol), soluble (including proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins) and cell wall-bound phenolics, and antioxidant capacities in whole grain rice from six cultivars having different bran colours were investigated. Parboiling rough and brown rice increased the concentrations of lipophilic antioxidants in whole grain rice but decreased the concentrations of total phenolics and antioxidant capacities found in the soluble fraction. After hydrothermal processing of purple bran rice, the retention of extractable anthocyanins was low, but was high for simple phenolics. For proanthocyanidins found in red bran rice, the extractable oligomers with a degree of polymerization (DP) less than 4, increased up to 6-fold; while for oligomers with DP >= 4 and polymers, there was a significant decrease that was positively correlated with the DP and the temperature of the processing methods. The presence of hulls helped to retain water-soluble antioxidants during parboiling. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Min, Byungrok] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Agr Food & Resource Sci, Food Sci & Technol Program, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [McClung, Anna; Chen, Ming-Hsuan] USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Chen, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dale Bumpers Natl Rice Res Ctr, 2890 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM ming.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 9 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 EI 1873-7072 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD SEP 15 PY 2014 VL 159 BP 106 EP 115 DI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.164 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AH4PC UT WOS:000336109500014 PM 24767032 ER PT J AU Holligan, SD West, SG Gebauer, SK Kay, CD Kris-Etherton, PM AF Holligan, Simone D. West, Sheila G. Gebauer, Sarah K. Kay, Colin D. Kris-Etherton, Penny M. TI A moderate-fat diet containing pistachios improves emerging markers of cardiometabolic syndrome in healthy adults with elevated LDL levels SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Pistachios; Small and dense LDL; HDL subclasses; Insulin resistance; Cardiometabolic disease; C-reactive protein; Plant sterols ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; NUT CONSUMPTION; RISK-FACTORS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; CHOLESTEROL EFFLUX AB A randomised, cross-over, controlled-feeding study was conducted to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering effects of diets containing pistachios as a strategy for increasing total fat (TF) levels v. a control (step I) lower-fat diet. Ex vivo techniques were used to evaluate the effects of pistachio consumption on lipoprotein subclasses and functionality in individuals (n 28) with elevated LDL levels (>= 2.86mmol/l). The following test diets (SFA approximately 8% and cholesterol < 300 mg/d) were used: a control diet (25% TF); a diet comprising one serving of pistachios per d (1PD; 30% TF); a diet comprising two servings of pistachios per d (2PD; 34% TF). A significant decrease in small and dense LDL (sdLDL) levels was observed following the 2PD dietary treatment v. the 1PD dietary treatment (P= 0.03) and following the 2PD dietary treatment v. the control treatment (P= 0.001). Furthermore, reductions in sdLDL levels were correlated with reductions in TAG levels (r 0.424, P= 0.025) following the 2PD dietary treatment v. the control treatment. In addition, inclusion of pistachios increased the levels of functional alpha-1 (P= 0.073) and alpha-2 (P= 0.056) HDL particles. However, ATP-binding cassette transporter A1-mediated serum cholesterol efflux capacity (P= 0.016) and global serum cholesterol efflux capacity (P= 0.076) were only improved following the 2PD dietary treatment v. the 1PD dietary treatment when baseline C-reactive protein status was low (< 10(3) mu g/l). Moreover, a significant decrease in the TAG: HDL ratio was observed following the 2PD dietary treatment v. the control treatment (P= 0.036). There was a significant increase in beta-sitosterol levels (P< 0.0001) with the inclusion of pistachios, confirming adherence to the study protocol. In conclusion, the inclusion of pistachios in a moderate-fat diet favourably affects the cardiometabolic profile in individuals with an increased risk of CVD. C1 [Holligan, Simone D.; West, Sheila G.; Gebauer, Sarah K.; Kay, Colin D.; Kris-Etherton, Penny M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [West, Sheila G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biobehav Hlth, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gebauer, Sarah K.] USDA, Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kay, Colin D.] Univ E Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England. RP Kris-Etherton, PM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, 110 Chandlee Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM pmk3@psu.edu FU NIH [M01 RR 10732]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX The California Pistachio Commission of Fresno California and the Western Pistachio Association (now the American Pistachio Growers) provided primary funding for the study. The study was partially supported by NIH grant M01 RR 10732. C. D. K. was supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NR 49 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1145 EI 1475-2662 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD SEP 14 PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 744 EP 752 DI 10.1017/S0007114514001561 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AN9QD UT WOS:000340941500009 PM 25008473 ER PT J AU Cogswell, ME Yuan, KM Gunn, JP Gillespie, C Sliwa, S Galuska, DA Barrett, J Hirschman, J Moshfegh, AJ Rhodes, D Ahuja, J Pehrsson, P Merritt, R Bowman, BA AF Cogswell, Mary E. Yuan, Keming Gunn, Janelle P. Gillespie, Cathleen Sliwa, Sarah Galuska, Deborah A. Barrett, Jan Hirschman, Jay Moshfegh, Alanna J. Rhodes, Donna Ahuja, Jaspreet Pehrsson, Pamela Merritt, Robert Bowman, Barbara A. TI Vital Signs: Sodium Intake Among US School-Aged Children-2009-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; CONSUMPTION; MORTALITY; HEALTH; TRENDS; ADULTHOOD; CHILDHOOD; BEVERAGES; FOODS AB Background: A national health objective is to reduce average U. S. sodium intake to 2,300 mg daily to help prevent high blood pressure, a major cause of heart disease and stroke. Identifying common contributors to sodium intake among children can help reduction efforts. Methods: Average sodium intake, sodium consumed per calorie, and proportions of sodium from food categories, place obtained, and eating occasion were estimated among 2,266 school-aged (6-18 years) participants in What We Eat in America, the dietary intake component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009-2010. Results: U.S. school-aged children consumed an estimated 3,279 mg of sodium daily with the highest total intake (3,672 mg/d) and intake per 1,000 kcal (1,681 mg) among high school-aged children. Forty-three percent of sodium came from 10 food categories: pizza, bread and rolls, cold cuts/cured meats, savory snacks, sandwiches, cheese, chicken patties/nuggets/tenders, pasta mixed dishes, Mexican mixed dishes, and soups. Sixty-five percent of sodium intake came from store foods, 13% from fast food/pizza restaurants, 5% from other restaurants, and 9% from school cafeteria foods. Among children aged 14-18 years, 16% of total sodium intake came from fast food/pizza restaurants versus 11% among those aged 6-10 years or 11-13 years (p < 0.05). Among children who consumed a school meal on the day assessed, 26% of sodium intake came from school cafeteria foods. Thirty-nine percent of sodium was consumed at dinner, followed by lunch (29%), snacks (16%), and breakfast (15%). Implications for Public Health Practice: Sodium intake among school-aged children is much higher than recommended. Multiple food categories, venues, meals, and snacks contribute to sodium intake among school-aged children supporting the importance of population wide strategies to reduce sodium intake. New national nutrition standards are projected to reduce the sodium content of school meals by approximately 25%-50% by 2022. Based on this analysis, if there is no replacement from other sources, sodium intake among U. S. school-aged children will be reduced by an average of about 75-150 mg per day and about 220-440 mg on days children consume school meals. C1 [Cogswell, Mary E.; Yuan, Keming; Gunn, Janelle P.; Gillespie, Cathleen; Merritt, Robert; Bowman, Barbara A.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sliwa, Sarah] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Galuska, Deborah A.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barrett, Jan] Food & Nutr Serv, Child Nutr Program, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Barrett, Jan] Food & Nutr Serv, Special Nutr Res & Anal Div, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Moshfegh, Alanna J.; Rhodes, Donna] ARS, Food Surveys Res Grp, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Ahuja, Jaspreet; Pehrsson, Pamela] ARS, Food Surveys Res Grp, Nutrient Data Lab, Washington, DC USA. RP Cogswell, ME (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcogswell@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD SEP 12 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 36 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AQ1WB UT WOS:000342573300003 ER PT J AU Zeng, YL Tan, XF Zhang, L Jiang, N Cao, HP AF Zeng, Yanling Tan, Xiaofeng Zhang, Lin Jiang, Nan Cao, Heping TI Identification and Expression of Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase Genes and Their Relations to Oil Content in Developing Seeds of Tea Oil Tree (Camellia oleifera) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-DESATURASE; RNA-SEQ; SHELLS; PLANTS; ABEL.; TUNG; BIOSYNTHESIS; ANTIOXIDANT; EVOLUTION AB Tea oil tree (Camellia oleifera, Co) provides a fine edible oil source in China. Tea oil from the seeds is very beneficial to human health. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) hydrolyzes fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into dihydroxyacetone phosphate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, two critical metabolites for oil biosynthesis. The objectives of this study were to identify FBA genes and investigate the relationship between FBA gene expression and oil content in developing seeds of tea oil tree. In this paper, four developmentally up-regulated CoFBA genes were identified in Camellia oleifera seeds based on the transcriptome from two seed developmental stages corresponding to the initiation and peak stages of lipid biosynthesis. The expression of CoFBA genes, along with three key oil biosynthesis genes CoACP, CoFAD2 and CoSAD were analyzed in seeds from eight developmental stages by real-time quantitative PCR. The oil content and fatty acid composition were also analyzed. The results showed that CoFBA and CoSAD mRNA levels were well-correlated with oil content whereas CoFAD2 gene expression levels were correlated with fatty acid composition in Camellia seeds. We propose that CoFBA and CoSAD are two important factors for determining tea oil yield because CoFBA gene controls the flux of key intermediates for oil biosynthesis and CoSAD gene controls the synthesis of oleic acid, which accounts for 80% of fatty acids in tea oil. These findings suggest that tea oil yield could be improved by enhanced expression of CoFBA and CoSAD genes in transgenic plants. C1 [Zeng, Yanling; Tan, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Lin; Jiang, Nan] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Cultivat & Protect Nonwood Forest Trees, Minist Educ, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Zeng, Yanling; Tan, Xiaofeng; Zhang, Lin; Jiang, Nan] Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Non Wood Forest Prod State Forestry Adm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Jiang, Nan] Hunan Univ Technol, Key Lab Green Packaging & Biol Nanotechnol, Zhuzhou, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Cao, Heping] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Tan, XF (reprint author), Cent South Univ Forestry & Technol, Key Lab Cultivat & Protect Nonwood Forest Trees, Minist Educ, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. EM tanxiaofengcn@126.com; Heping.Cao@ars.usda.gov FU Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province [14JJ2014]; National Natural Science Foundation [31070603]; Youth Scientific Research Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology [QJ2011008A]; Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education [212126]; Outstanding Youth of the Education Department of Hunan Province [11B131]; USDA-ARS Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS [6435-41000-102-00D] FX This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province (Grant No. 14JJ2014), the National Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 31070603), Youth Scientific Research Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology (Grant No. QJ2011008A), the Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant No. 212126), the Outstanding Youth of the Education Department of Hunan Province (Grant No. 11B131), and USDA-ARS Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS 6435-41000-102-00D. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 39 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 12 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e107422 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107422 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP0SM UT WOS:000341774300063 PM 25215538 ER PT J AU Shishika, D Manoukis, NC Butail, S Paley, DA AF Shishika, Daigo Manoukis, Nicholas C. Butail, Sachit Paley, Derek A. TI Male motion coordination in anopheline mating swarms SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID STARLING FLOCKS; GAMBIAE; BEHAVIOR; INDIVIDUALS; MOSQUITOS; SYSTEMS AB The Anopheles gambiae species complex comprises the primary vectors of malaria in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Most of the mating in these species occurs in swarms composed almost entirely of males. Intermittent, organized patterns in such swarms have been observed, but a detailed description of male-male interactions has not previously been available. We identify frequent, time-varying interactions characterized by periods of parallel flight in data from 8 swarms of Anopheles gambiae and 3 swarms of Anopheles coluzzii filmed in 2010 and 2011 in the village of Doneguebogou, Mali. We use the cross correlation of flight direction to quantify these interactions and to induce interaction graphs, which show that males form synchronized subgroups whose size and membership change rapidly. A swarming model with damped springs between each male and the swarm centroid shows good agreement with the correlation data, provided that local interactions represented by damping of relative velocity between males are included. C1 [Shishika, Daigo] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Manoukis, Nicholas C.] ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Butail, Sachit] NYU, Polytech Sch Engn, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. [Paley, Derek A.] Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Paley, Derek A.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Paley, DA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Aerosp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dpaley@umd.edu OI Manoukis, Nicholas/0000-0001-5062-7256 NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD SEP 12 PY 2014 VL 4 AR 6318 DI 10.1038/srep06318 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AP2VZ UT WOS:000341935300001 PM 25212874 ER PT J AU Johnson, EJ Vishwanathan, R Rasmussen, HM Lang, JC AF Johnson, Elizabeth J. Vishwanathan, Rohini Rasmussen, Helen M. Lang, John C. TI Bioavailability of AREDS1 micronutrients from softgel capsules and tablets: a pilot study SO MOLECULAR VISION LA English DT Article ID BLOOD IONIZED CALCIUM; MACULAR DEGENERATION; EYE DISEASE; SERUM ZINC; FUNDUS PHOTOGRAPHS; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHMS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; DRUG RELEASE; VITAMIN-E; HUMANS AB Purpose: The benefits of antioxidant micronutrients in slowing progression to advanced stages of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) was supported by the 4/day tablet form investigated in the Age-related Eye Disease Study 1 (AREDS1) and the 2/day softgel form in the Age-related Eye Disease Study 2 (AREDS2). However, the choices of excipient, dosage form, and ingredient chemistry as well as the patient physiologies and pathologies can influence bioavailability and efficacy. The objective of the study was to explore the influence of dosage form on the bioavailability of the five primary AREDS1 and Tier-2 AREDS2 micronutrients: the metals zinc and copper, beta-carotene, and vitamins E and C. The intent was to establish by chemical analysis the relative bioavailabilities of these five micronutrients in plasma, or serum for the metals, as well as to identify any opportunities for improvements. Methods: A total of 15 healthy men (5) and women (10) were recruited for a controlled, randomized, three-arm, crossover trial of the AREDS1 micronutrients. The study investigated responses in bioabsorption to a single dose of either four tablets or two softgels at the full dose level, or one softgel at the half-dose level. The bioavailability of each micronutrient was based on the pharmacokinetic profiles established through 15 samplings for each ingredient/dosage form in plasma/serum over the course of one week. Results: Bioavailability was estimated using model-independent and model-dependent procedures. A statistical advantage of the dosage form was observed in only two cases from the exaggerated effects using the half-dose softgel and for the tablet dosage form for beta-carotene and vitamin E. An unanticipated complexity was suggested by the bimodal absorption of zinc. For these micronutrients, no disadvantage (though potential advantage) was inferred for the water-soluble components presented in a softgel formulation. Increased fractional absorption was observed for the smaller dose (one capsule versus two), but it was not sufficient to reach the level achieved by the full dose of either four tablets or two softgels. A model-dependent analysis permitted an estimation of the percentage of micronutrients absorbed, with zinc, the single most important ingredient, absorbed at about a 10% level. Conclusions: The results suggest modestly contradictory requirements in the dosage form for water-soluble and lipid-soluble ingredients, as based on a goal of improved bioavailability. Comparative consistency in bioavailability was observed across dosage forms, and most nutrients between AREDS1 and AREDS2 (full dose) formulations relative to the significant variations observed within this controlled population. The results emphasize the importance of defining the requisite bioavailability of each micronutrient and the influence of the dosage form that provides it. With the recognition of global and population-specific micronutrient deficiencies, notably in the elderly populations afflicted with AMD and their significant metabolic and health consequences, establishing efficient means of supplementation are of continuing epidemiologic interest. C1 [Johnson, Elizabeth J.; Vishwanathan, Rohini; Rasmussen, Helen M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lang, John C.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Chem & Biochem, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. RP Lang, JC (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Chem & Biochem, CRB 311, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM jclangj66@gmail.com FU US Department of Agriculture grant [1950-512000-073]; Alcon Research Ltd FX This research was supported by a US Department of Agriculture grant (1950-512000-073). The authors thank Alcon Research Ltd for partial support of this research. The authors thank the women and men who participated in this study, the staff of Metabolic Research Unit and the Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory at the Nutrition Center, and the study physician, Dr. Joel Mason. The authors' responsibilities were as follows: HMR performed the blinded randomization and was responsible for the design of the dietary intervention; EJJ and RV acquired the data; JCL and RV analyzed the data and performed the statistical analysis; EJJ, RV, and JCL drafted the manuscript; EJJ and JCL share primary responsibility for final content. All authors were involved in the study concept and design and in the revision of the manuscript. None of the authors had a financial disclosure. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOLECULAR VISION PI ATLANTA PA C/O JEFF BOATRIGHT, LAB B, 5500 EMORY EYE CENTER, 1327 CLIFTON RD, N E, ATLANTA, GA 30322 USA SN 1090-0535 J9 MOL VIS JI Mol. Vis. PD SEP 11 PY 2014 VL 20 BP 1228 EP 1242 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ophthalmology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ophthalmology GA AP3KZ UT WOS:000341976200001 PM 25352732 ER PT J AU Zheng, JS Lai, CQ Parnell, LD Lee, YC Shen, J Smith, CE Casas-Agustench, P Richardson, K Li, D Noel, SE Tucker, KL Arnett, DK Borecki, IB Ordovas, JM AF Zheng, Ju-Sheng Lai, Chao-Qiang Parnell, Laurence D. Lee, Yu-Chi Shen, Jian Smith, Caren E. Casas-Agustench, Patricia Richardson, Kris Li, Duo Noel, Sabrina E. Tucker, Katherine L. Arnett, Donna K. Borecki, Ingrid B. Ordovas, Jose M. TI Genome-wide interaction of genotype by erythrocyte n-3 fatty acids contributes to phenotypic variance of diabetes-related traits SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID COMMON SNPS EXPLAIN; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; LARGE PROPORTION; DIET NETWORK; HUMAN HEIGHT; ASSOCIATION; METAANALYSIS; DISEASE; LIPIDS AB Background: Little is known about the interplay between n-3 fatty acids and genetic variants for diabetes-related traits at the genome-wide level. The present study aimed to examine variance contributions of genotype by environment (GxE) interactions for different erythrocyte n-3 fatty acids and genetic variants for diabetes-related traits at the genome-wide level in a non-Hispanic white population living in the U.S.A. (n = 820). A tool for Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) was used to estimate the genome-wide GxE variance contribution of four diabetes-related traits: HOMA-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting plasma insulin, glucose and adiponectin. A GxE genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to further elucidate the GCTA results. Replication was conducted in the participants of the Boston Puerto Rican Health Study (BPRHS) without diabetes (n = 716). Results: In GOLDN, docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) contributed the most significant GxE variance to the total phenotypic variance of both HOMA-IR (26.5%, P-nominal = 0.034) and fasting insulin (24.3%, P-nominal = 0.042). The ratio of arachidonic acid to eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid contributed the most significant GxE variance to the total variance of fasting glucose (27.0%, P-nominal = 0.023). GxE variance of the arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio showed a marginally significant contribution to the adiponectin variance (16.0%, P-nominal = 0.058). None of the GCTA results were significant after Bonferroni correction (P < 0.001). For each trait, the GxE GWAS identified a far larger number of significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (P-interaction <= 10E-5) for the significant E factor (significant GxE variance contributor) than a control E factor (non-significant GxE variance contributor). In the BPRHS, DPA contributed a marginally significant GxE variance to the phenotypic variance of HOMA-IR (12.9%, P-nominal = 0.068) and fasting insulin (18.0%, P-nominal = 0.033). Conclusion: Erythrocyte n-3 fatty acids contributed a significant GxE variance to diabetes-related traits at the genome-wide level. C1 [Zheng, Ju-Sheng; Lai, Chao-Qiang; Parnell, Laurence D.; Lee, Yu-Chi; Shen, Jian; Smith, Caren E.; Casas-Agustench, Patricia; Richardson, Kris; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Zheng, Ju-Sheng; Li, Duo] Zhejiang Univ, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Shen, Jian] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Div Endocrinol, Bone & Mineral Unit, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Noel, Sabrina E.; Tucker, Katherine L.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Clin Lab & Nutr Sci, Lowell, MA USA. [Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, St Louis, MO USA. [Casas-Agustench, Patricia; Ordovas, Jose M.] Ciudad Univ Cantoblanco, Inst Madrileno Estudios Avanzados Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu OI , Patricia Casas-Agustench/0000-0003-4424-1087; Zheng, Ju-Sheng/0000-0001-6560-4890 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [81273054]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2011CB504002]; NIH [HL54776, HL078885, P01AG023394, P50HL105185]; US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [PIOF-GA-2010-272581] FX This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC, No. 81273054); by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program: 2011CB504002); by NIH grants HL54776, HL078885, P01AG023394, and P50HL105185; by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service; by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. PIOF-GA-2010-272581. The authors are grateful to Health Diagnostic Laboratory, Inc. (Richmond, VA) for performing the RBC fatty acid profiles from the BPRHS. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. No potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD SEP 11 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 781 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-781 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AP0XZ UT WOS:000341791200001 PM 25213455 ER PT J AU Chen, Y Tshabalala, MA Gao, JM Stark, NM Fan, YM Ibach, RE AF Chen, Yao Tshabalala, Mandla A. Gao, Jianmin Stark, Nicole M. Fan, Yongming Ibach, Rebecca E. TI Thermal behavior of extracted and delignified pine wood flour SO THERMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE Thermal stability; Extractives; Lignin; Delignified; Pine wood flour ID DENSITY POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; PLASTIC COMPOSITES; STABILITY; FIBERS; DEGRADATION; PERFORMANCE; PYROLYSIS; AGENT AB To investigate the effect of extractives and lignin on the thermal stability of wood flour (WF), thermogravimetric analysis was used to determine thermal degradation behavior of extracted and delignified mixed pine WF. The contribution of lignin to thermal stability was greater than that of extractives. Removing extractives resulted in improved thermal stability by increasing onset temperature T-0, and solvents with greater polarity contributed more to increasing T-0. However, solvent extraction had less effect on decomposition temperature (T-2) than did delignification, which significantly decreased T-2. A shoulder peak was observed only in delignified WF. Acetone/water extraction, hot-water extraction, and delignification are all significant model terms for variation in T-0; delignification is the most significant factor affecting T-0 and T-2. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Yao; Gao, Jianmin; Fan, Yongming] Beijing Forestry Univ, MOE Key Lab Wooden Mat Sci & Applicat, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Stark, Nicole M.; Ibach, Rebecca E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Gao, JM (reprint author), Beijing Forestry Univ, MOE Key Lab Wooden Mat Sci & Applicat, Coll Mat Sci & Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM jmgao@bjfu.edu.cn OI Tshabalala, Mandla/0000-0001-9823-8700 FU Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [YX2014-03]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31070490] FX Financial support from the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (YX2014-03) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (series project no.: 31070490) are gratefully acknowledged. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0040-6031 EI 1872-762X J9 THERMOCHIM ACTA JI Thermochim. Acta PD SEP 10 PY 2014 VL 591 BP 40 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.tca.2014.06.012 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Physical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry GA AO6QR UT WOS:000341477100006 ER PT J AU de Bruijn, A Gustafson, EJ Sturtevant, BR Foster, JR Miranda, BR Lichti, NI Jacobs, DF AF de Bruijn, Arjan Gustafson, Eric J. Sturtevant, Brian R. Foster, Jane R. Miranda, Brian R. Lichti, Nathanael I. Jacobs, Douglass F. TI Toward more robust projections of forest landscape dynamics under novel environmental conditions: Embedding PnET within LANDIS-II SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE LANDIS-II; Forest landscape model; PnET-II; Climate change; Carbon sequestration; Tree competition model ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; GLOBAL CHANGE; NITROGEN CONCENTRATIONS; SIMULATION-MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PINE FOREST; WATER-USE; REGENERATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Ecological models built on phenomenological relationships and behavior of the past may not be robust under novel conditions of the future because global changes are producing environmental conditions that forests have not experienced historically. We developed a new succession extension for the LANDIS-II forest landscape model, PnET-Succession, to simulate forest growth and succession using physiological first principles. PnET-Succession integrates the tree physiology model PnET-II with the existing LANDIS-II Biomass Succession extension. PnET-Succession simulates the competition of tree species cohorts for water and light as a function of photosynthetic processes driven by foliar nitrogen. Competition for water is simulated on each grid cell through a dynamic soil-water balance that receives precipitation and loses water through runoff, consumption in photosynthesis, and evapotranspiration. Competition for light is modeled by tracking solar radiation through canopy layers according to a standard Beer-Lambert formula. PnET-Succession requires average monthly photosynthetically active radiation, atmospheric CO2 concentration, temperature and precipitation as inputs. The new extension also dynamically calculates species establishment probabilities in each time step as a function of water and radiation stress. We calibrated PnET-Succession to biomass and LAI measurements from the Duke Experimental Forest in North Carolina (USA) and tested the calibrated model against data from the Green Ridge State Forest in Maryland. The new extension shows considerable promise for studying forest response to climate change, including changes in carbon stocks. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [de Bruijn, Arjan; Lichti, Nathanael I.; Jacobs, Douglass F.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [de Bruijn, Arjan; Gustafson, Eric J.; Sturtevant, Brian R.; Miranda, Brian R.] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. [Foster, Jane R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA. RP Jacobs, DF (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM djacobs@purdue.edu OI Foster, Jane/0000-0002-5997-0269 FU USDA Forest Service; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [105321] FX Funding support was provided by USDA Forest Service and USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Grant #105321. We thank Jimm Domingo and Robert Scheller for help with model development. Phil Townsend provided lab analyses. We also thank Chonggang Xu for providing details of his previous LANDIS-II modeling work, and Melissa Lucash, Zaixing Zhou, and Andrew Ouimette for their critiques of earlier versions of the manuscript. Finally, the implementation of LAI and cohort-specific shading processes benefitted greatly from discussions with Christian Messier, Michael Papaik, Rob Scheller, and Frederik Doyon. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD SEP 10 PY 2014 VL 287 BP 44 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.05.004 PG 14 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AM3TO UT WOS:000339775900007 ER PT J AU Cantrell, CL Zheljazkov, VD Carvalho, CR Astatkie, T Jeliazkova, EA Rosa, LH AF Cantrell, Charles L. Zheljazkov, Valtcho D. Carvalho, Camila R. Astatkie, Tess Jeliazkova, Ekaterina A. Rosa, Luiz H. TI Dual Extraction of Essential Oil and Podophyllotoxin from Creeping Juniper (Juniperus horizontalis) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BIG HORN MOUNTAINS; LEAVES; YIELD AB Juniperus horizontalis Moench (Family Cupressaceae), commonly called creeping juniper, is a widely distributed species in the United States and much of Canada. It is potentially a source for two important chemical products, the anticancer drug synthetic precursor, podophyllotoxin and essential oils. The objectives of this study were to ascertain the likelihood of utilizing J. horizontalis needles for the simultaneous production of both (-)-podophyllotoxin and essential oil components and to determine the optimum distillation time (DT) needed for the production of essential oil containing a specific ratio of constituents. Eleven different distillation times were tested in this study: 20, 40, 80, 160, 180, 240, 480, 600, 720, 840, and 960 min. Total essential oil content increased with increasing distillation time from a minimum of 0.023% at 20 min to a maximum of 1.098% at 960 min. The major constituents present in the oil were alpha-pinene, sabinene, and limonene. The percent concentration of sabinene in the essential oil varied from a high of 46.6% at 80 min to a low of 30.2% at 960 min, that of limonene changed very little as a result of distillation time and remained near 30% for all distillation times, whereas the concentration of alpha-pinene was 9.6% at 20 min DT and decreased to 4.2% at 960 min. Post distillation analysis of needles revealed elevated amounts of (-)-podophyllotoxin remaining in the tissue varied in the amount of podophyllotoxin present, from a low of 0.281% to a high of 0.364% as compared to undistilled needles which gave 0.217% podophyllotoxin. As a result of this study, specific essential oil components can now be targeted in J. horizontalis by varying the distillation time. Furthermore, needles can be successfully utilized as a source of both essential oil and podophyllotoxin, consecutively. C1 [Cantrell, Charles L.; Carvalho, Camila R.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Zheljazkov, Valtcho D.; Jeliazkova, Ekaterina A.] Univ Wyoming, Sheridan Res & Extens Ctr, Sheridan, WY USA. [Carvalho, Camila R.; Rosa, Luiz H.] Sci Fed Univ Minas Gerais, Inst Biol, Dept Microbiol, Lab Systemat & Biomol Fungi, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Astatkie, Tess] Dalhousie Univ, Fac Agr, Truro, NS, Canada. RP Cantrell, CL (reprint author), ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. EM charles.cantrell@ars.usda.gov RI Astatkie, Tess/J-7231-2012 OI Astatkie, Tess/0000-0002-9779-8789 FU University of Wyoming; Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG); Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) FX This research was partially funded by the University of Wyoming startup funding awarded to Dr. Zheljazkov. C. R. Carvalho was supported by Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and L. H. Rosa by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 9 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106057 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106057 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ3IF UT WOS:000342684500012 PM 25203255 ER PT J AU Cao, HP Sethumadhavan, K Grimm, CC Ullah, AHJ AF Cao, Heping Sethumadhavan, Kandan Grimm, Casey C. Ullah, Abul H. J. TI Characterization of a Soluble Phosphatidic Acid Phosphatase in Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATED LINOLENIC ACID; SEED OIL-RICH; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; COLON CARCINOGENESIS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PPAR-GAMMA; PURIFICATION; GOURD; RATS; PROLIFERATION AB Momordica charantia is often called bitter melon, bitter gourd or bitter squash because its fruit has a bitter taste. The fruit has been widely used as vegetable and herbal medicine. Alpha-eleostearic acid is the major fatty acid in the seeds, but little is known about its biosynthesis. As an initial step towards understanding the biochemical mechanism of fatty acid accumulation in bitter melon seeds, this study focused on a soluble phosphatidic acid phosphatase (PAP, 3-sn-phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, EC 3.1.3.4) that hydrolyzes the phosphomonoester bond in phosphatidate yielding diacylglycerol and P-i. PAPs are typically categorized into two subfamilies: Mg2+-dependent soluble PAP and Mg2+-independent membrane-associated PAP. We report here the partial purification and characterization of an Mg2+-independent PAP activity from developing cotyledons of bitter melon. PAP protein was partially purified by successive centrifugation and UNOsphere Q and S columns from the soluble extract. PAP activity was optimized at pH 6.5 and 53-60 degrees C and unaffected by up to 0.3 mM MgCl2. The K-m and V-max values for dioleoyl-phosphatidic acid were 595.4 mu M and 104.9 eta kat/mg of protein, respectively. PAP activity was inhibited by NaF, Na3VO4, Triton X-100, FeSO4 and CuSO4, but stimulated by MnSO4, ZnSO4 and Co(NO3)(2). In-gel activity assay and mass spectrometry showed that PAP activity was copurified with a number of other proteins. This study suggests that PAP protein is probably associated with other proteins in bitter melon seeds and that a new class of PAP exists as a soluble and Mg2+-independent enzyme in plants. C1 [Cao, Heping; Sethumadhavan, Kandan; Grimm, Casey C.; Ullah, Abul H. J.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. RP Cao, HP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70130 USA. EM Heping.Cao@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 [CRIS 6435-41000-102-00D, 6435-41000-102-10N] FX This work was supported by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service Quality and Utilization of Agricultural Products Research Program 306 through CRIS 6435-41000-102-00D and 6435-41000-102-10N. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 9 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106403 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106403 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AQ3IF UT WOS:000342684500020 PM 25203006 ER PT J AU Nimmakayala, P Levi, A Abburi, L Abburi, VL Tomason, YR Saminathan, T Vajja, VG Malkaram, S Reddy, R Wehner, TC Mitchell, SE Reddy, UK AF Nimmakayala, Padma Levi, Amnon Abburi, Lavanya Abburi, Venkata Lakshmi Tomason, Yan R. Saminathan, Thangasamy Vajja, Venkata Gopinath Malkaram, Sridhar Reddy, Rishi Wehner, Todd C. Mitchell, Sharon E. Reddy, Umesh K. TI Single nucleotide polymorphisms generated by genotyping by sequencing to characterize genome-wide diversity, linkage disequilibrium, and selective sweeps in cultivated watermelon SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Linkage disequilibrium; GWAS; Selective sweep; Population structure; Genotyping by sequencing; Watermelon; Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus ID CITRULLUS-LANATUS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ASSOCIATION; DOMESTICATION; MODEL; ACCESSIONS; MAIZE; ERA; ADAPTATION AB Background: A large single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) dataset was used to analyze genome-wide diversity in a diverse collection of watermelon cultivars representing globally cultivated, watermelon genetic diversity. The marker density required for conducting successful association mapping depends on the extent of linkage disequilibrium (LD) within a population. Use of genotyping by sequencing reveals large numbers of SNPs that in turn generate opportunities in genome-wide association mapping and marker-assisted selection, even in crops such as watermelon for which few genomic resources are available. In this paper, we used genome-wide genetic diversity to study LD, selective sweeps, and pairwise F-ST distributions among worldwide cultivated watermelons to track signals of domestication. Results: We examined 183 Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus accessions representing domesticated watermelon and generated a set of 11,485 SNP markers using genotyping by sequencing. With a diverse panel of worldwide cultivated watermelons, we identified a set of 5,254 SNPs with a minor allele frequency of >= 0.05, distributed across the genome. All ancestries were traced to Africa and an admixture of various ancestries constituted secondary gene pools across various continents. A sliding window analysis using pairwise FST values was used to resolve selective sweeps. We identified strong selection on chromosomes 3 and 9 that might have contributed to the domestication process. Pairwise analysis of adjacent SNPs within a chromosome as well as within a haplotype allowed us to estimate genome-wide LD decay. LD was also detected within individual genes on various chromosomes. Principal component and ancestry analyses were used to account for population structure in a genome-wide association study. We further mapped important genes for soluble solid content using a mixed linear model. Conclusions: Information concerning the SNP resources, population structure, and LD developed in this study will help in identifying agronomically important candidate genes from the genomic regions underlying selection and for mapping quantitative trait loci using a genome-wide association study in sweet watermelon. C1 [Nimmakayala, Padma; Abburi, Lavanya; Abburi, Venkata Lakshmi; Tomason, Yan R.; Saminathan, Thangasamy; Vajja, Venkata Gopinath; Malkaram, Sridhar; Reddy, Rishi; Reddy, Umesh K.] West Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dunbar, WV 25112 USA. [Levi, Amnon] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Wehner, Todd C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Mitchell, Sharon E.] Cornell Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Genom Div Facil, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Reddy, UK (reprint author), West Virginia State Univ, Dept Biol, Gus R Douglass Inst, Dunbar, WV 25112 USA. EM ureddy@wvstateu.edu FU USDA-NIFA [2013-38821-21453]; NSF-EPSCOR [1003907]; Gus R. Douglass Institute; NIH [P20RR016477] FX This project was supported by grants from the USDA-NIFA (no. 2013-38821-21453), NSF-EPSCOR (no. 1003907), and Gus R. Douglass Institute and NIH (no. P20RR016477). The authors are grateful to R. Jarret, Plant Genetic Resources Conservation Unit, USDA-ARS (Griffin, GA), for providing the watermelon germplasm seeds. We also thank Laura Smalls and Clint Magill for critical reading and comments. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 50 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD SEP 8 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 767 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-767 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AT4BS UT WOS:000344884500001 PM 25196513 ER PT J AU Rajao, DS Loving, CL Gauger, PC Kitikoon, P Vincent, AL AF Rajao, Daniela S. Loving, Crystal L. Gauger, Phillip C. Kitikoon, Pravina Vincent, Amy L. TI Influenza A virus hemagglutinin protein subunit vaccine elicits vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease in pigs SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccine; Hemagglutinin; VAERD; Pigs ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SWINE; PROTECTION; CHALLENGE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; REPLICATION; EVOLUTION; INFECTION AB Vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) can occur when pigs are challenged with heterologous virus in the presence of non-neutralizing but cross-reactive antibodies elicited by whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccine. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of heterologous delta 1 -H1N2 influenza A virus (IAV) challenge of pigs after vaccination with 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (H1N1pdm09) recombinant hemagglutinin (HA) subunit vaccine (HA-SV) or temperature-sensitive live attenuated influenza virus (LAW) vaccine, and to assess the role of immunity to HA in the development of VAERD. Both HA-SV and LAIV vaccines induced high neutralizing antibodies to virus with homologous HA (H1N1pdm09), but not heterologous challenge virus (delta 1-H1N2). LAW partially protected pigs, resulting in reduced virus shedding and faster viral clearance, as no virus was detected in the lungs by 5 days post infection (dpi). HA-SV vaccinated pigs developed more severe lung and tracheal lesions consistent with VAERD following challenge. These results demonstrate that the immune response against the HA protein alone is sufficient to cause VAERD following heterologous challenge. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rajao, Daniela S.; Loving, Crystal L.; Kitikoon, Pravina; Vincent, Amy L.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Diagnost & Prod Anim Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Res Unit, 1920 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov OI de Souza Rajao, Daniela/0000-0002-0772-0065 FU CNPq-Brazil; USDA-ARS; USDA-APHIS FX D.S.R. was a CNPq-Brazil fellowship recipient. This study was supported by USDA-ARS and USDA-APHIS. The following reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH: H1 Hemagglutinin (HA) Protein from Influenza Virus, A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) pdm09, Recombinant from Baculovirus, NR-13691. We thank Dr. Daniel Perez for providing the temperature-sensitive LAIV vaccine; Michelle Harland, Gwen Nordholm, and Zahra Olson for technical assistance; Jason Huegel, Jason Crabtree and Tyler Standley for assistance with animal studies; and Dr. Susan Brockmeier for assistance with microbiologic screening. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD SEP 8 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 40 BP 5170 EP 5176 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.07.059 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AP7PS UT WOS:000342269800005 PM 25077416 ER PT J AU Wang, CC Iversen, MD McAlindon, T Harvey, WF Wong, JB Fielding, RA Driban, JB Price, LL Rones, R Gamache, T Schmid, CH AF Wang, Chenchen Iversen, Maura D. McAlindon, Timothy Harvey, William F. Wong, John B. Fielding, Roger A. Driban, Jeffrey B. Price, Lori Lyn Rones, Ramel Gamache, Tressa Schmid, Christopher H. TI Assessing the comparative effectiveness of Tai Chi versus physical therapy for knee osteoarthritis: design and rationale for a randomized trial SO BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Tai Chi; Physical therapy; Knee osteoarthritis; Comparative effectiveness research; Randomized controlled trial ID NATIONAL-SURVEY DATA; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; ELDERLY PERSONS; LIMITED ELDERS; 6-MINUTE WALK; OLDER ADULTS; PEPTIC-ULCER; MUSCLE POWER; TASK-FORCE AB Background: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes pain and long-term disability with annual healthcare costs exceeding $185 billion in the United States. Few medical remedies effectively influence the course of the disease. Finding effective treatments to maintain function and quality of life in patients with knee OA is one of the national priorities identified by the Institute of Medicine. We are currently conducting the first comparative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness randomized trial of Tai Chi versus a physical-therapy regimen in a sample of patients with symptomatic and radiographically confirmed knee OA. This article describes the design and conduct of this trial. Methods/Design: A single-center, 52-week, comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial of Tai Chi versus a standardized physical-therapy regimen is being conducted at an urban tertiary medical center in Boston, Massachusetts. The study population consists of adults >= 40 years of age with symptomatic and radiographic knee OA (American College of Rheumatology criteria). Participants are randomly allocated to either 12 weeks of Tai Chi (2x/week) or Physical Therapy (2x/week for 6 weeks, followed by 6 weeks of rigorously monitored home exercise). The primary outcome measure is pain (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities WOMAC) subscale at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes include WOMAC stkiffness and function domain scores, lower extremity strength and power, functional balance, physical performance tests, psychological and psychosocial functioning, durability effects, health related quality of life, and healthcare utilization at 12, 24 and 52 weeks. Discussion: This study will be the first randomized comparative-effectiveness and cost-effectiveness trial of Tai Chi versus Physical Therapy in a large symptomatic knee OA population with long-term follow up. We present here a robust and well-designed randomized comparative-effectiveness trial that also explores multiple outcomes to elucidate the potential mechanisms of mind-body effect for a major disabling disease with substantial health burdens and economic costs. Results of this study are expected to have important public health implications for the large and growing population with knee OA. C1 [Wang, Chenchen; McAlindon, Timothy; Harvey, William F.; Driban, Jeffrey B.; Gamache, Tressa] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Integrat Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Wang, Chenchen; McAlindon, Timothy; Harvey, William F.; Driban, Jeffrey B.; Gamache, Tressa] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Iversen, Maura D.] Northeastern Univ, Dept Phys Therapy Movement & Rehabil Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Iversen, Maura D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, Boston, MA USA. [Wong, John B.] Tufts Univ, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Div Clin Decis Making,Dept Med,Tufts Med Ctr, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Price, Lori Lyn] Tufts Univ, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts Clin & Translat Sci Inst, Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Rones, Ramel] Ctr Mind Body Therapies, Providence, RI USA. [Schmid, Christopher H.] Brown Univ, Dept Biostat, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Schmid, Christopher H.] Brown Univ, Ctr Evidence Based Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Wang, CC (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Integrat Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM CWang2@tuftsmedicalcenter.org RI iversen, maura/O-5388-2015; OI iversen, maura/0000-0003-4708-9914; Schmid, Christopher/0000-0002-0855-5313 FU National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health [R01 AT005521]; National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health [UL1 RR025752]; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health [UL1TR000073, UL1TR001064]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [1P30AG031679]; Boston Rehabilitaion Outcomes Center [1R24HD065688-01A1] FX Dr. Wang is supported by R01 AT005521 from the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) of the National Institutes of Health. The research is also supported from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, Grant Number UL1 RR025752 and the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Award Numbers UL1TR000073 and UL1TR001064. The contents of this manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NCCAM or the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Fielding's work on this project was partially supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 58-1950-0-014 and the Boston Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (1P30AG031679) and the Boston Rehabilitaion Outcomes Center (1R24HD065688-01A1). Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture. The investigators are solely responsible for the content of the manuscript and the decision to submit for publication. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Data Safety Monitoring Board members: Drs. Wenjun Li, Yvonne Lee, and Kristin Baker for their insightful suggestions and comments for the study protocol. We thank Fatima Shahzad, Jade Goldsmith, Marcie Griffith, John Griffith, Ronenn Roubenoff, Natalie Daigle, Danielle Riggs and the Clinical and Translational Research Center nurses for their help with various aspects of the study and Ramel Rones, Dorri Li, Brian Muccio for their expertise in teaching the Tai Chi groups as well as Megan Whitmore, Marie Boneparth, and Jane Lucus for their Physical Therapy prowess; and the study participants, whose cooperation, encouragement, and enthusiasm are an inspiration to us. NR 69 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 36 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1472-6882 J9 BMC COMPLEM ALTERN M JI BMC Complement. Altern. Med. PD SEP 8 PY 2014 VL 14 AR UNSP 333 DI 10.1186/1472-6882-14-333 PG 14 WC Integrative & Complementary Medicine SC Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA AP5ET UT WOS:000342103200001 PM 25199526 ER PT J AU Park, J Stanley, D Kim, Y AF Park, Jiyeong Stanley, David Kim, Yonggyun TI Roles of Peroxinectin in PGE(2)-Mediated Cellular Immunity in Spodoptera exigua SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CRICKET TELEOGRYLLUS-COMMODUS; TOBACCO HORNWORM; MANDUCA-SEXTA; PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS; BEET ARMYWORM; EICOSANOID BIOSYNTHESIS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; PHOSPHOLIPASES A(2); MALPIGHIAN TUBULES; ARACHIDONIC-ACID AB Background: Prostaglandins (PGs) mediate insect immune responses to infections and invasions. Although the presence of PGs has been confirmed in several insect species, their biosynthesis in insects remains a conundrum because orthologs of the mammalian cyclooxygenases (COXs) have not been found in the known insect genomes. PG-mediated immune reactions have been documented in the beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua. The purpose of this research is to identify the source of PGs in S. exigua. Principal Findings: Peroxidases (POXs) are a sister group of COX genes. Ten putative POXs (SePOX-A, SePOX-J) were expressed in S. exigua. Expressions of SePOX-F and -H were induced by bacterial challenge and expressed in the hemocytes and the fat body. RNAi of each POX was performed by hemocoelic injection of their specific double-stranded RNAs. dsPOX-F or, separately, dsPOX-H, but not the other eight dsRNA constructs, specifically suppressed hemocyte-spreading behavior and nodule formation; these two reactions were also inhibited by aspirin, a COX inhibitor. PGE(2), but not arachidonic acid, treatment rescued the immunosuppression. Sequence analysis indicated that both POX genes were clustered with peroxinectin (Pxt) and their cognate proteins shared some conserved domains corresponding to the Pxt of Drosophila melanogaster. Conclusions: SePOX-F and -H are Pxt-like genes associated with PG biosynthesis in S. exigua. C1 [Park, Jiyeong; Kim, Yonggyun] Andong Natl Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Andong, South Korea. [Stanley, David] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65205 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), Andong Natl Univ, Dept Bioresource Sci, Andong, South Korea. EM hosanna@andong.ac.kr FU National Research Foundation of Korea [2013R1A1A2A10058197] FX This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (www.nrf.re.kr), Grant # 2013R1A1A2A10058197. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 5 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e105717 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0105717 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AZ1IR UT WOS:000347993600007 PM 25191834 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Curbelo, MA Lehotay, SJ Hernandez-Borges, J Rodriguez-Delgado, MA AF Angel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel Lehotay, Steven J. Hernandez-Borges, Javier Angel Rodriguez-Delgado, Miguel TI Use of ammonium formate in QuEChERS for high-throughput analysis of pesticides in food by fast, low-pressure gas chromatography and liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Pesticide residue monitoring; QuEChERS; Sample preparation; High-throughput analysis; Ammonium formate buffering ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; FLOW-INJECTION; RESIDUE ANALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; MULTIRESIDUE METHOD; SAMPLE PREPARATION; VEGETABLES; FRUITS; IONIZATION; DILUTION AB The "quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe" (QuEChERS) approach to sample preparation is widely applied in pesticide residue analysis, but the use of magnesium sulfate and other nonvolatile compounds for salting out in the method is not ideal for mass spectrometry. In this study, we developed and evaluated three new different versions of the QuEChERS method using more volatile salts (ammonium chloride and ammonium formate and acetate buffers) to induce phase separation and extraction of 43 representative pesticide analytes of different classes. Fast low-pressure gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LPGC-MS/MS) and liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS were used for analysis. The QuEChERS AOAC Official Method 2007.01 was also tested for comparison purposes. Of the studied methods, formate buffering using 7.5 g of ammonium formate and 15 mL of 5% (v/v) formic acid in acetonitrile for the extraction of 15 g of sample (5 g for wheat grain) provided the best performance and practical considerations. Method validation was carried out with and without the use of dispersive solid-phase extraction for cleanup, and no significant differences were observed for the majority of pesticides. The method was demonstrated in quantitative analysis for GC- and LC-amenable pesticides in 4 representative food matrices (apple, lemon, lettuce, and wheat grain). With the typical exceptions of certain pH-dependent and labile pesticides, 90-110% recoveries and <10% RSD were obtained. Detection limits were mostly <5 ng/g, which met the general need to determine pesticide concentrations as low as 10 ng/g for monitoring purposes in food applications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Angel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel; Lehotay, Steven J.] ARS, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Angel Gonzalez-Curbelo, Miguel; Hernandez-Borges, Javier; Angel Rodriguez-Delgado, Miguel] Univ La Laguna, Fac Quim, Dept Quim Analit Nutr & Bromatol, San Cristobal la Laguna 38206, Tenerife, Spain. RP Lehotay, SJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Steven.Lehotay@ars.usda.gov RI Hernandez-Borges, Javier/B-7624-2011; RODRIGUEZ-DELGADO, MIGUEL ANGEL/J-9719-2012; Gonzalez Curbelo, Miguel Angel/I-7165-2016; OI Hernandez-Borges, Javier/0000-0001-8895-5554; Gonzalez Curbelo, Miguel Angel/0000-0001-6047-4302; Rodriguez Delgado, Miguel Angel/0000-0001-9412-6349 FU Spanish Ministry of Education; Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness FX The authors would like to thank the Spanish Ministry of Education for the FPU grant at the University of La Laguna and the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for the Ramon y Cajal contract at the University of La Laguna. NR 26 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 8 U2 63 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 EI 1873-3778 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD SEP 5 PY 2014 VL 1358 BP 75 EP 84 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.06.104 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AO0DL UT WOS:000340979200010 PM 25047819 ER PT J AU Sasidharan, S Torkzaban, S Bradford, SA Dillon, PJ Cook, PG AF Sasidharan, Salini Torkzaban, Saeed Bradford, Scott A. Dillon, Peter J. Cook, Peter G. TI Coupled effects of hydrodynamic and solution chemistry on long-term nanoparticle transport and deposition in saturated porous media SO COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS LA English DT Article DE Breakthrough curves; Nanoparticle; Column studies; Hydrodynamic; Solution chemistry; Two-site kinetic model ID RANDOM SEQUENTIAL ADSORPTION; MICROMETER-SCALE PARTICLES; SECONDARY ENERGY MINIMUM; NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; PLATE FLOW CHAMBER; COLLOID TRANSPORT; IONIC-STRENGTH; HETEROGENEOUS SURFACES; BACTERIAL ADHESION; PATCHY SURFACES AB This study aims to systematically explore the coupled effects of hydrodynamic and solution chemistry conditions on the long-term transport and deposition kinetics of nanoparticles (NPs) in saturated porous media. Column transport experiments were carried out at various solution ionic strengths (IS), ionic composition, and flow velocities utilizing negatively charged carboxyl-modified latex NPs of two different sizes (50 and 100 nm). These experiments were designed to obtain the long-term breakthrough curves (BTCs) in order to unambiguously determine the full deposition kinetics and the fraction of the solid surface area (S-f) that was available for NP deposition. The BTCs exhibited a bimodal shape with increasing solution IS; i.e., BTCs were initially delayed, next they rapidly increased, and then they slowly approached the influent particle concentration. NP deposition was much more pronounced in the presence of Ca2+ than Na+ at any given solution IS. Deposition kinetic of NPs was successfully simulated using a two-site kinetic model that accounted for irreversible deposition and blocking on each site, i.e., a decreasing deposition rate as the site filled. Results showed that Sf values were controlled by the coupled effects of flow velocity, solution chemistry, and particle size. Data analyses further demonstrated that only a small fraction of sand surface area contributed in NP deposition even at the highest IS (60 mM) and lowest flow velocity (1 m/day) tested. Consistent with previous studies, our results imply that NP deposition is controlled by physicochemical interactions between the NPs and nanoscale physical and/or chemical heterogeneities on the sand surfaces that produce localized nanoscale favorable sites for deposition. Furthermore, our results suggest that the NP interactions with the collector surfaces tended to strengthen with increasing contact time. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sasidharan, Salini; Torkzaban, Saeed; Dillon, Peter J.; Cook, Peter G.] CSIRO Water Hlth Country Flagship Program, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Sasidharan, Salini; Torkzaban, Saeed; Dillon, Peter J.; Cook, Peter G.] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. [Sasidharan, Salini; Cook, Peter G.] Flinders Univ S Australia, Natl Ctr Groundwater Res & Training, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia. [Bradford, Scott A.] ARS, USDA, Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Torkzaban, S (reprint author), CSIRO Water Hlth Country Flagship Program, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia. EM Saeed.Torkzaban@csiro.au RI Torkzaban, Saeed/G-7377-2013; Sasidharan, Salini/M-9386-2015 OI Torkzaban, Saeed/0000-0002-5146-9461; Sasidharan, Salini/0000-0002-2781-363X FU Australian Research Council; National Water Commission; CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country Flagship research program FX Funding for this research was provided by the National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training, an Australian Government initiative, supported by the Australian Research Council and the National Water Commission, and by CSIRO Water for a Healthy Country Flagship research program. The work was conducted in the CSIRO Land and Water Laboratory on the Waite Campus, Adelaide, South Australia. NR 81 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-7757 EI 1873-4359 J9 COLLOID SURFACE A JI Colloid Surf. A-Physicochem. Eng. Asp. PD SEP 5 PY 2014 VL 457 BP 169 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2014.05.075 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA AN1KG UT WOS:000340340600022 ER PT J AU Patch, JR Dar, PA Waters, R Toka, FN Barrera, J Schutta, C Kondabattula, G Golde, WT AF Patch, Jared R. Dar, Pervaiz A. Waters, Ryan Toka, Felix N. Barrera, Jose Schutta, Christopher Kondabattula, Ganesh Golde, William T. TI Infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) induces a natural killer (NK) cell response in cattle that is lacking following vaccination SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE FMDV; Cattle; Natural killer cells (NK); Innate immunity; Infection; Vaccination ID SURFACE EXPRESSION; SECRETORY PATHWAY; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DENDRITIC CELLS; I TRANSCRIPTION; KIR GENES; ACTIVATION; CYTOTOXICITY; IMMUNIZATION; LYMPHOPENIA AB Natural killer (NK) cells play a role in innate antiviral immunity by directly lysing virus-infected cells and producing antiviral cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). We developed a system for characterizing the bovine NK response to foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which causes a disease of cloven-hoofed animals and remains a threat to livestock industries throughout the world. IL-2 stimulation of PBMC resulted in poor killing of human K562 cells, which are often used as NK target cells, while lysis of the bovine BL3.1 cell line was readily detected. Depletion of NKp46-expressing cells revealed that 80% of the killing induced by IL-2 could be attributed to NKp46(+) cells. In order to characterize the response of NK cells against FMDV in vivo, we infected groups of cattle with three different strains of the virus (A24 Cruzeiro, O1 Manisa, O Hong Kong) and evaluated the cytolytic ability of NK cells through the course of infection. We consistently observed a transient increase in cytolysis, although there was variation in magnitude and kinetics. This increase in cytolysis remained when CD3(+) cells were removed from the preparation of lymphocytes, indicating that cytolysis was independent of MHC-T cell receptor interaction or gamma delta T cell activation. In contrast, animals monitored following vaccination against FMDV did not exhibit any increase in NK killing. These data suggest that NK cells play a role in the host immune response of cattle against FMDV, and contrast with the suppression of NK activity previously observed in swine infected with FMDV. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Patch, Jared R.; Dar, Pervaiz A.; Waters, Ryan; Toka, Felix N.] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Patch, Jared R.] Univ Vermont, Dept Anim Sci, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Dar, Pervaiz A.; Kondabattula, Ganesh] Indian Vet Res Inst, Immunol Lab, FMD Vaccine QCQA Unit, Bangalore 560024, Karnataka, India. [Toka, Felix N.] Warsaw Univ Life Sci, Dept Preclin Sci, Fac Vet Med, Warsaw, Poland. [Barrera, Jose; Schutta, Christopher] DHS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Sci & Technol Directorate, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. RP Golde, WT (reprint author), ARS, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, POB 848, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM william.golde@ars.usda.gov RI Dar, Pervaiz/F-3596-2016; OI Dar, Pervaiz/0000-0001-6718-7293; Toka, Felix N./0000-0001-9560-8665; Kondabattula, Ganesh/0000-0002-2305-1797 FU US Department of Agriculture [CRIS 1940-32000-057-00D]; US Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate [60-1940-8-037]; USDA-ARS [60-1940-8-037]; National Science Foundation [0965346]; US Department of State [15111366] FX We thank Mary Kenney, Raisa Glabman and Ethan Hartwig for invaluable technical assistance and the animal care staff at the Plum Island Animal Disease Center for professional support and assistance. This work was supported by CRIS 1940-32000-057-00D from the US Department of Agriculture (W.T.G.), by an interagency agreement (60-1940-8-037) between the US Department of Homeland Security, Science and Technology Directorate, and the USDA-ARS (W.T.G.) and in part by a National Science Foundation grant 0965346, under the BREAD program (W.T.G.). P. Dar was the recipient of Fulbright-Nehru Fellowship (#15111366), US Department of State. NR 52 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 EI 1878-1667 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 37 IS 4 BP 249 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2014.07.004 PG 9 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA AR1NK UT WOS:000343351700007 PM 25150134 ER PT J AU Marty, NJ Teresinski, HJ Hwang, YT Clendening, EA Gidda, SK Sliwinska, E Zhang, DY Miernyk, JA Brito, GC Andrews, DW Dyer, JM Mullen, RT AF Marty, Naomi J. Teresinski, Howard J. Hwang, Yeen Ting Clendening, Eric A. Gidda, Satinder K. Sliwinska, Elwira Zhang, Daiyuan Miernyk, Jan A. Brito, Glauber C. Andrews, David W. Dyer, John M. Mullen, Robert T. TI New insights into the targeting of a subset of tail-anchored proteins to the outer mitochondrial membrane SO FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE A. thaliana; dibasic motif; mitochondria; outer mitochondrial membrane; tail anchored; targeting signal ID ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PLANT-CELLS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; DIFFERENT ISOFORMS; IMPORT APPARATUS; SIGNALS MEDIATE; CYTOCHROME B5; MIRO GTPASE; TOM COMPLEX AB Tail-anchored (TA) proteins are a unique class of functionally diverse membrane proteins defined by their single C-terminal membrane-spanning domain and their ability to insert post-translationally into specific organelles with an N-cytoplasm-C-organelle interior orientation. The molecular mechanisms by which TA proteins are sorted to the proper organelles are not well-understood. Herein we present results indicating that a dibasic targeting motif (i.e., -R-R/K/H-X-{x not equal E}) identified previously in the C terminus of the mitochondrial isoform of the TA protein cytochrome b(5), also exists in many other A. thaliana outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM)-TA proteins. This motif is conspicuously absent, however, in all but one of the TA protein subunits of the translocon at the outer membrane of mitochondria (TOM), suggesting that these two groups of proteins utilize distinct biogenetic pathways. Consistent with this premise, we show that the TA sequences of the dibasic-containing proteins are both necessary and sufficient for targeting to mitochondria, and are interchangeable, while the TA regions of TOM proteins lacking a dibasic motif are necessary, but not sufficient for localization, and cannot be functionally exchanged. We also present results from a comprehensive mutational analysis of the dibasic motif and surrounding sequences that not only greatly expands the functional definition and context-dependent properties of this targeting signal, but also led to the identification of other novel putative OMM-TA proteins. Collectively, these results provide important insight to the complexity of the targeting pathways involved in the biogenesis of OMM-TA proteins and help define a consensus targeting motif that is utilized by at least a subset of these proteins. C1 [Marty, Naomi J.; Teresinski, Howard J.; Hwang, Yeen Ting; Clendening, Eric A.; Gidda, Satinder K.; Sliwinska, Elwira; Mullen, Robert T.] Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Sliwinska, Elwira] Univ Technol & Life Sci Bydgoszcz, Dept Plant Genet Physiol & Biotechnol, Bydgoszcz, Poland. [Zhang, Daiyuan; Dyer, John M.] USDA ARS, US Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Brito, Glauber C.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fundacao Fac Med, Inst Canc Estado Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Andrews, David W.] Univ Toronto, Sunnybrook Res Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Andrews, David W.] Univ Toronto, Dept Biochem, Toronto, ON, Canada. RP Mullen, RT (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Mol & Cellular Biol, Room 4470 Sci Complex,488 Gordon St, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM rtmullen@uoguelph.ca OI Andrews, David/0000-0002-9266-7157 FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); NSF [IOS 0325656]; United States Department of Agriculture, CRIS Project [5347-21000-012-00D]; Ontario Graduate Scholarship; Elwira Sliwinska; NSERC FX We thank D. Logan and T. Elthon for their generous gifts of transgenic A. thaliana seeds or antibodies, M. Johnston and E. Hoyos for their assistance with in vitro mitochondrial targeting experiments, and T. Nguyen and E. Anderson for maintaining BY-2 cell cultures. This study was supported by a grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) to Robert T. Mullen, an NSF award (IOS 0325656) to Jan A. Miernyk, and the United States Department of Agriculture, CRIS Project 5347-21000-012-00D, to John M. Dyer. Howard J. Teresinski was supported by an Ontario Graduate Scholarship, and financial support for Elwira Sliwinska was provided in part by NSERC [to J. D. Bewley (University of Guelph)]. Robert T. Mullen holds a University of Guelph Research Chair. NR 98 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 18 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 1664-462X J9 FRONT PLANT SCI JI Front. Plant Sci. PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 5 AR UNSP 426 DI 10.3389/fpls.2014.00426 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AR1AE UT WOS:000343310300001 PM 25237314 ER PT J AU Butte, NF Gregorich, SE Tschann, JM Penilla, C Pasch, LA De Groat, CL Flores, E Deardorff, J Greenspan, LC Martinez, SM AF Butte, Nancy F. Gregorich, Steven E. Tschann, Jeanne M. Penilla, Carlos Pasch, Lauri A. De Groat, Cynthia L. Flores, Elena Deardorff, Julianna Greenspan, Louise C. Martinez, Suzanna M. TI Longitudinal effects of parental, child and neighborhood factors on moderate-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time in Latino children SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article DE Physical activity patterns; Accelerometers; Childhood obesity; Maternal factors; Paternal factors; Education level; Acculturation; Household income; Household size; Environment; Disorder; Victimization ID BODY-MASS INDEX; ADULT OVERWEIGHT; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; US CHILDREN; OBESITY; ACCULTURATION; ADOLESCENTS; AGE; POPULATION AB Background: Moderate-vigorous physical activity (%MVPA) confers beneficial effects on child musculoskeletal health, cardiovascular fitness, and psychosocial well-being; in contrast, sedentary time (%SED) is emerging as a risk factor for health. This study aimed to identify parental, child and neighborhood factors influencing longitudinal assessments of body mass index (BMI) and activity patterns among Latino children, and to estimate lagged and cross-lagged effects between child BMI, %MVPA and %SED. Methods: A longitudinal design with assessments at baseline, 1 and 2 years follow-up (FU) was used to evaluate the effects of maternal and paternal factors (BMI, age, education level, acculturation, household income and household size), child factors (gender, age, BMI, pubertal status) and neighborhood factors (disorder, victimization) on child BMI, %MVPA and %SED, expressed as a percent of awake time, in 282 Latino children ages 8-10 y and their parents. This study was restricted to families with a mother and biological father or father figure in the child's life. Results: Across time, total daily accelerometer counts (p = 0.04) and steps decreased (p = 0.0001), %SED increased (p = 0.0001), and %MVPA decreased (p = 0.02). Moderate lagged effects or tracking was seen for %MVPA and %SED (p = 0.001). %MVPA varied by gender (5.5% higher in boys than girls, p = 0.0001); child age (-0.4% per year, p = 0.03), and child BMI in boys only (-0.22%, p = 0.0002). Negative effects of paternal age, maternal education and maternal changes in BMI on %MVPA also were seen. %SED increased with child age (2.5% higher per year, p = 0.0001). Positive effects of paternal acculturation, maternal change in BMI, paternal age, and negative effects of household size on %SED were observed. A cross-lagged positive effect of BMI at FU1 on %SED at FU2 was observed for boys and girls (p = 0.03). Neighborhood disorder and victimization were not significant predictors of child BMI, %MVPA or %SED. Conclusion: The major child determinants of physical activity (age, gender and BMI) and minor parental influences (maternal BMI and education, paternal age and acculturation) should be considered in designing interventions to promote %MVPA and reduce %SED among Latino children as they approach adolescence. C1 [Butte, Nancy F.] Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gregorich, Steven E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gen Internal Med, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Tschann, Jeanne M.; Penilla, Carlos; Pasch, Lauri A.; De Groat, Cynthia L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Flores, Elena] Univ San Francisco, Sch Educ, Counseling Psychol Dept, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Deardorff, Julianna] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Community Hlth & Human Dev, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Greenspan, Louise C.] Kaiser Permanente, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94115 USA. [Martinez, Suzanna M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Gen Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Butte, NF (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med,Dept Pediat, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM nbutte@bcm.edu FU National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute [R01 HL084404] FX This research was supported by grant R01 HL084404 from the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute awarded to J.M. Tschann. We thank Jennifer Cho, Irene Takahashi, and the Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, which provided access to members of Kaiser. NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 22 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1479-5868 J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 108 DI 10.1186/s12966-014-0108-x PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology GA AP9CN UT WOS:000342376100001 PM 25186810 ER PT J AU Canon-Franco, WA Lopez-Orozco, N Gomez-Main, JE Dubey, JP AF Alberto Canon-Franco, William Lopez-Orozco, Natalia Enrique Gomez-Marin, Jorge Dubey, Jitender P. TI An overview of seventy years of research (1944-2014) on toxoplasmosis in Colombia, South America SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Review DE Colombia; Epidemiology; Toxoplasma gondii; Toxoplasmosis; Congenital; Ocular; Genotypes; Public health; Outbreaks ID CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; OVINE TOXOPLASMOSIS; SCREENING-PROGRAM; CAT POPULATIONS; PREGNANT-WOMEN; GONDII; PREVALENCE AB This paper summarizes prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in humans and animals and associated correlates of infection, clinical spectrum of disease in humans, and genetic diversity of T. gondii isolates from Colombia. Recent studies, especially in the states of Antioquia, Quindio and Cundinamarca, indicate that toxoplasmosis is a major public health problem. Approximately half of the women of child bearing age have T. gondii antibodies, and the clinical disease in congenitally infected children is more severe than in Europe. Limited studies indicate that the strains of T. gondii from Colombia are genetically and phenotypically different than in Europe and North America. However, epidemiological factors, such as the involvement of domestic and/or wild animals in transmission, the distribution of strain diversity by natural geographic regions, and the variation in risk factors between regions that are associated with human infection in Colombia, remain unknown. Areas of research for the future are outlined. This review should be of interest to biologists, veterinarians, physicians, and parasitologists. C1 [Alberto Canon-Franco, William; Lopez-Orozco, Natalia] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Alberto Canon-Franco, William] Univ Caldas, Fac Ciencias Agr, Dept Salud Anim, Lab Parasitol Vet, Manizales, Colombia. [Enrique Gomez-Marin, Jorge] Univ Quindio, Ctr Invest Biomed, Grp Estud Parasitol Mol GEPAMOL, Armenia, Quindio, Colombia. [Dubey, Jitender P.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Canon-Franco, WA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Dept Med Vet Prevent & Saude Anim, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM william.canon@ucaldas.edu.co RI Gomez-Marin, Jorge/L-9793-2013 OI Gomez-Marin, Jorge/0000-0001-6472-3329 FU Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil [2012/25180-9] FX The authors thank Edilson de Oliveira Bernardino and Marcia Pereira de Miranda, Bibliographical Sector Switching, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil for bibliographical support and Bruna Pinto by map designer (www.behance. net/mapastcc), and Dr. Chunlei Su for his advice regarding genetic typing data in Table 8. The senior author (WAC-F) is recipient of postdoctoral fellowship funding (process number 2012/25180-9) Fundacao de Apoio a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo/Sao Paulo Research Foundation, Brazil. NR 100 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 24 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 427 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-7-427 PG 15 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AO8RJ UT WOS:000341621600003 PM 25190525 ER PT J AU Zhang, JH Hao, Q Bai, LL Xu, J Yin, WB Song, LY Xu, L Guo, XJ Fan, CM Chen, YH Ruan, J Hao, ST Li, YG Wang, RRC Hu, ZM AF Zhang, Jianhui Hao, Qiang Bai, Lili Xu, Jin Yin, Weibo Song, Liying Xu, Ling Guo, Xuejie Fan, Chengming Chen, Yuhong Ruan, Jue Hao, Shanting Li, Yuanguang Wang, Richard R-C Hu, Zanmin TI Overexpression of the soybean transcription factor GmDof4 significantly enhances the lipid content of Chlorella ellipsoidea SO BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS LA English DT Article DE Microalgae; Chlorella ellipsoidea; Transcription factor; Lipid accumulation; RNA-seq; Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase ID SHORT READ ALIGNMENT; FROST HARDINESS; NEOCHLORIS-OLEOABUNDANS; GENE-EXPRESSION; ALGAL BIOMASS; FATTY-ACIDS; MICROALGAE; ACCUMULATION; CULTIVATION; PROTEIN AB Background: The lipid content of microalgae is regarded as an important indicator for biodiesel. Many attempts have been made to increase the lipid content of microalgae through biochemical and genetic engineering. Significant lipid accumulation in microalgae has been achieved using biochemical engineering, such as nitrogen starvation, but the cell growth was severely limited. However, enrichment of lipid content in microalgae by genetic engineering is anticipated. In this study, GmDof4 from soybean (Glycine max), a transcription factor affecting the lipid content in Arabidopsis, was transferred into Chlorella ellipsoidea. We then investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the enhancement of the lipid content of transformed C. ellipsoidea. Results: We constructed a plant expression vector, pGmDof4, and transformed GmDof4 into C. ellipsoidea by electroporation. The resulting expression of GmDof4 significantly enhanced the lipid content by 46.4 to 52.9%, but did not affect the growth rate of the host cells under mixotrophic culture conditions. Transcriptome profiles indicated that 1,076 transcripts were differentially regulated: of these, 754 genes were significantly upregulated and 322 genes were significantly downregulated in the transgenic strains under mixotrophic culture conditions. There are 22 significantly regulated genes (vertical bar log(2) ratio vertical bar > 1) involved in lipid and fatty acid metabolism. Quantitative real-time PCR and an enzyme activity assay revealed that GmDof4 significantly up-regulated the gene expression and enzyme activity of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, a key enzyme for fatty acid synthesis, in transgenic C. ellipsoidea cells. Conclusions: The hetero-expression of a transcription factor GmDof4 gene from soybean can significantly increase the lipid content but not affect the growth rate of C. ellipsoidea under mixotrophic culture conditions. The increase in lipid content could be attributed to the large number of genes with regulated expression. In particular, the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase gene expression and enzyme activity were significantly upregulated in the transgenic cells. Our research provides a new way to increase the lipid content of microalgae by introducing a specific transcription factor to microalgae strains that can be used for the biofuel and food industries. C1 [Zhang, Jianhui; Hao, Qiang; Bai, Lili; Yin, Weibo; Song, Liying; Xu, Ling; Guo, Xuejie; Fan, Chengming; Chen, Yuhong; Hao, Shanting; Hu, Zanmin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Hao, Qiang] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Coll Life Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Xu, Jin; Ruan, Jue] Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing Inst Genom, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Li, Yuanguang] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Wang, Richard R-C] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hu, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM zmhu@genetics.ac.cn RI Xu, Jin/M-9532-2016 OI Xu, Jin/0000-0003-0944-9835 FU Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011CB200902]; Ministry of Agriculture of China for transgenic research [2011ZX08009-003-004]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [21306222, 21076080] FX This research was supported by a project (grant number: 2011CB200902) from the Ministry of Science and Technology of China, a project (grant number: 2011ZX08009-003-004) from the Ministry of Agriculture of China for transgenic research and projects (grant numbers: 21306222 and 21076080) from the National Natural Science Foundation of China. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 9 U2 83 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1754-6834 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOFUELS JI Biotechnol. Biofuels PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 128 DI 10.1186/s13068-014-0128-4 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA AO5NH UT WOS:000341391200001 PM 25246944 ER PT J AU Curtis, JA Flint, LE Flint, AL Lundquist, JD Hudgens, B Boydston, EE Young, JK AF Curtis, Jennifer A. Flint, Lorraine E. Flint, Alan L. Lundquist, Jessica D. Hudgens, Brian Boydston, Erin E. Young, Julie K. TI Incorporating Cold-Air Pooling into Downscaled Climate Models Increases Potential Refugia for Snow-Dependent Species within the Sierra Nevada Ecoregion, CA SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; RIVER-BASIN; CALIFORNIA; TEMPERATURE; WOLVERINE; ACCUMULATION; USA; DISTRIBUTIONS AB We present a unique water-balance approach for modeling snowpack under historic, current and future climates throughout the Sierra Nevada Ecoregion. Our methodology uses a finer scale (270 m) than previous regional studies and incorporates cold-air pooling, an atmospheric process that sustains cooler temperatures in topographic depressions thereby mitigating snowmelt. Our results are intended to support management and conservation of snow-dependent species, which requires characterization of suitable habitat under current and future climates. We use the wolverine (Gulo gulo) as an example species and investigate potential habitat based on the depth and extent of spring snowpack within four National Park units with proposed wolverine reintroduction programs. Our estimates of change in spring snowpack conditions under current and future climates are consistent with recent studies that generally predict declining snowpack. However, model development at a finer scale and incorporation of cold-air pooling increased the persistence of April 1st snowpack. More specifically, incorporation of cold-air pooling into future climate projections increased April 1st snowpack by 6.5% when spatially averaged over the study region and the trajectory of declining April 1st snowpack reverses at mid-elevations where snow pack losses are mitigated by topographic shading and cold-air pooling. Under future climates with sustained or increased precipitation, our results indicate a high likelihood for the persistence of late spring snowpack at elevations above approximately 2,800 m and identify potential climate refugia sites for snow-dependent species at mid-elevations, where significant topographic shading and cold-air pooling potential exist. C1 [Curtis, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Eureka, CA 95501 USA. [Flint, Lorraine E.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA. [Flint, Alan L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Placer Hall, CA USA. [Lundquist, Jessica D.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hudgens, Brian] Inst Wildlife Studies, Arcata, CA USA. [Boydston, Erin E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA USA. [Young, Julie K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT USA. [Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Curtis, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Eureka, CA 95501 USA. EM jacurtis@usgs.gov FU Park Oriented Biologic Support; National Park Service; United States Geological Survey FX Funding provided by Park Oriented Biologic Support, a program funded jointly by the National Park Service and United States Geological Survey. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 25 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106984 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106984 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO3XV UT WOS:000341271500103 PM 25188379 ER PT J AU Sinkora, M Butler, JE Lager, KM Potockova, H Sinkorova, J AF Sinkora, Marek Butler, John E. Lager, Kelly M. Potockova, Hana Sinkorova, Jana TI The comparative profile of lymphoid cells and the T and B cell spectratype of germ-free piglets infected with viruses SIV, PRRSV or PCV2 SO VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS; PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE-2; ANTIBODY REPERTOIRE DEVELOPMENT; MULTISYSTEMIC WASTING SYNDROME; NEONATAL PIGLETS; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; FETAL PIGLETS; PIGS; LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION AB Lymphocyte subsets isolated from germ-free piglets experimentally infected with swine influenza virus (SIV), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) or porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) were studied and the profile of these subsets among these three infections was monitored. Germ-free piglets were used since their response could be directly correlated to the viral infection. Because SIV infections are resolved even by colostrum-deprived neonates whereas PRRSV and PCV2 infections are not, SIV was used as a benchmark for an effectively resolved viral infection. PRRSV caused a large increase in the proportion of lymphocytes at the site of infection and rapid differentiation of B cells leading to a high level of Ig-producing cells but a severe reduction in CD2(-)CD21(+) primed B cells. Unlike SIV and PCV2, PRRSV also caused an increase in terminally differentiated subset of CD2(+)CD8 alpha(+) gamma delta cells and polyclonal expansion of major V beta families suggesting that non-specific helper T cells drive swift B cell activation. Distinct from infections with SIV and PRRSV, PCV2 infection led to the: (a) prevalence of MHC-II+ T cytotoxic cells, (b) restriction of the T helper compartment in the respiratory tract, (c) generation of a high proportion of FoxP3(+) T cells in the blood and (d) selective expansion of IgA and IgE suggesting this virus elicits a mucosal immune response. Our findings suggest that PRRSV and PCV2 may negatively modulate the host immune system by different mechanisms which may explain their persistence. C1 [Sinkora, Marek; Potockova, Hana; Sinkorova, Jana] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Vvi, Lab Gnotobiol, Inst Microbiol, Novy Hradek, Czech Republic. [Butler, John E.] Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Lager, Kelly M.] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA USA. RP Sinkora, M (reprint author), Acad Sci Czech Republic, Vvi, Lab Gnotobiol, Inst Microbiol, Novy Hradek, Czech Republic. EM Marek.Sinkora@worldonline.cz RI Sinkora, Marek/H-2523-2014; Sinkorova, Jana/H-2542-2014 FU Czech Science Foundation [P502/12/0110]; Institutional Research Concept of the Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic [v.v.i. RVO 61388971] FX We would like to gratefully acknowledge Lucie Poulova, Mirka Kratochvilova and Sarka Pfeiferova for excellent technical assistance. Our warm gratitude belongs also to Nancy Wertz for critically reading of the manuscript. The authors are grateful to the following researchers for the gifts of monoclonal Abs: Joan K. Lunney and Patricia Boyd from Animal Parasitology Institute, Beltsville, MD, Huaizhi Yang from Institute of Animal Health, Pirbright, UK, Christopher R. Stokes from University of Bristol, UK, Mark D. Pescovitz from Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, David H. Sachs and Christine A. Huang from Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, Klaus Nielsen from Canadian Food Inspection Agency Biologiste, Ottawa Laboratory Fallowfield, Ottawa, Canada and Craig Hammerberg from University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. This work was supported by Czech Science Foundation Grant P502/12/0110, and by the Institutional Research Concept of the Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i. RVO 61388971. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 20 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 0928-4249 EI 1297-9716 J9 VET RES JI Vet. Res. PD SEP 4 PY 2014 VL 45 AR 91 DI 10.1186/s13567-014-0091-x PG 18 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AO4NR UT WOS:000341317200001 PM 25186625 ER PT J AU Rogers, EE Backus, EA AF Rogers, Elizabeth E. Backus, Elaine A. TI Anterior Foregut Microbiota of the Glassy-Winged Sharpshooter Explored Using Deep 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing from Individual Insects SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID XYLELLA-FASTIDIOSA; WOLBACHIA-PIPIENTIS; PIERCES DISEASE; COLONIZATION; VECTORS; CICADELLIDAE; DIVERSITY; SYMBIONTS; HEMIPTERA; ENDOSYMBIONTS AB The glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS) is an invasive insect species that transmits Xylella fastidiosa, the bacterium causing Pierce's disease of grapevine and other leaf scorch diseases. X. fastidiosa has been shown to colonize the anterior foregut (cibarium and precibarium) of sharpshooters, where it may interact with other naturally-occurring bacterial species. To evaluate such interactions, a comprehensive list of bacterial species associated with the sharpshooter cibarium and precibarium is needed. Here, a survey of microbiota associated with the GWSS anterior foregut was conducted. Ninety-six individual GWSS, 24 from each of 4 locations (Bakersfield, CA; Ojai, CA; Quincy, FL; and a laboratory colony), were characterized for bacteria in dissected sharpshooter cibaria and precibaria by amplification and sequencing of a portion of the 16S rRNA gene using Illumina MiSeq technology. An average of approximately 150,000 sequence reads were obtained per insect. The most common genus detected was Wolbachia; sequencing of the Wolbachia ftsZ gene placed this strain in supergroup B, one of two Wolbachia supergroups most commonly associated with arthropods. X. fastidiosa was detected in all 96 individuals examined. By multilocus sequence typing, both X. fastidiosa subspecies fastidiosa and subspecies sandyi were present in GWSS from California and the colony; only subspecies fastidiosa was detected in GWSS from Florida. In addition to Wolbachia and X. fastidiosa, 23 other bacterial genera were detected at or above an average incidence of 0.1%; these included plant-associated microbes (Methylobacterium, Sphingomonas, Agrobacterium, and Ralstonia) and soil-or water-associated microbes (Anoxybacillus, Novosphingobium, Caulobacter, and Luteimonas). Sequences belonging to species of the family Enterobacteriaceae also were detected but it was not possible to assign these to individual genera. Many of these species likely interact with X. fastidiosa in the cibarium and precibarium. C1 [Rogers, Elizabeth E.; Backus, Elaine A.] ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. RP Rogers, EE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM elizabeth.rogers@ars.usda.gov RI Rogers, Elizabeth/D-2087-2009 OI Rogers, Elizabeth/0000-0002-0545-4744 FU USDA-ARS [5302-22000-010-00D] FX Funding for this research was from USDA-ARS appropriated project 5302-22000-010-00D. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 46 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 3 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106215 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106215 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO3TB UT WOS:000341257700038 PM 25184624 ER PT J AU Stenfeldt, C Pacheco, JM Rodriguez, LL Arzt, J AF Stenfeldt, Carolina Pacheco, Juan M. Rodriguez, Luis L. Arzt, Jonathan TI Early Events in the Pathogenesis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Pigs; Identification of Oropharyngeal Tonsils as Sites of Primary and Sustained Viral Replication SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID KIDNEY-CELL LINE; NATURAL AEROSOLS; HOST-RANGE; VIRUS; SWINE; CATTLE; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; ANTIBODY; CONTACT AB A time-course study was performed to elucidate the early events of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection in pigs subsequent to simulated natural, intra-oropharyngeal, inoculation. The earliest detectable event was primary infection in the lingual and paraepiglottic tonsils at 6 hours post inoculation (hpi) characterized by regional localization of viral RNA, viral antigen, and infectious virus. At this time FMDV antigen was localized in cytokeratin-positive epithelial cells and CD172a-expressing leukocytes of the crypt epithelium of the paraepiglottic tonsils. De novo replication of FMDV was first detected in oropharyngeal swab samples at 12 hpi and viremia occurred at 18-24 hpi, approximately 24 hours prior to the appearance of vesicular lesions. From 12 through 78 hpi, microscopic detection of FMDV was consistently localized to cytokeratin-positive cells within morphologically characteristic segments of oropharyngeal tonsil crypt epithelium. During this period, leukocyte populations expressing CD172a, SLA-DQ class II and/or CD8 were found in close proximity to infected epithelial cells, but with little or no co-localization with viral proteins. Similarly, M-cells expressing cytokeratin-18 did not co-localize with FMDV proteins. Intra-epithelial micro-vesicles composed of acantholytic epithelial cells expressing large amounts of structural and non-structural FMDV proteins were present within crypts of the tonsil of the soft palate during peak clinical infection. These findings inculpate the paraepiglottic tonsils as the primary site of FMDV infection in pigs exposed via the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, the continuing replication of FMDV in the oropharyngeal tonsils during viremia and peak clinical infection with no concurrent amplification of virus occurring in the lower respiratory tract indicates that these sites are the major source of shedding of FMDV from pigs. C1 [Stenfeldt, Carolina; Pacheco, Juan M.; Rodriguez, Luis L.; Arzt, Jonathan] ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. [Stenfeldt, Carolina] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, PIADC Res Participat Program, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Arzt, J (reprint author), ARS, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Foreign Anim Dis Res Unit, USDA, Greenport, NY 11944 USA. EM Jonathan.Arzt@ars.usda.gov OI Pacheco, Juan/0000-0001-5477-0201; Stenfeldt, Carolina/0000-0002-2074-3886; Arzt, Jonathan/0000-0002-7517-7893 FU ARS-CRIS Project [1940-32000-057-00D]; Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security [HSHQDC-11-X-00189]; Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program fellowship; National Pork Board (NPB project) [11-174]; NPB FX This research was funded in part by ARS-CRIS Project 1940-32000-057-00D and an interagency agreement with the Science and Technology Directorate of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (award number HSHQDC-11-X-00189). CS is a recipient of a Plum Island Animal Disease Center Research Participation Program fellowship, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE; www.orau.org) through an interagency agreement with the US Department of Energy. Additional funding was received from the National Pork Board (NPB project identification number: 11-174; www.pork.org), a government-owned corporation that administers a competitive peer-reviewed grants process with the objective to select and fund projects researching areas of importance to the pork industry. None of the contributing authors are employed by NPB, nor professionally evaluated by this entity. The funding received from NPB does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD SEP 3 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 AR e106859 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106859 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO3TB UT WOS:000341257700125 PM 25184288 ER PT J AU Tabanca, N Gao, ZP Demirci, B Techen, N Wedge, DE Ali, A Sampson, BJ Werle, C Bernier, UR Khan, IA Baser, KHC AF Tabanca, Nurhayat Gao, Zengping Demirci, Betul Techen, Natascha Wedge, David E. Ali, Abbas Sampson, Blair J. Werle, Chris Bernier, Ulrich R. Khan, Ikhlas A. Baser, Kemal Husnu Can TI Molecular and Phytochemical Investigation of Angelica dahurica and Angelica pubescentis Essential Oils and Their Biological Activity against Aedes aegypti, Stephanitis pyrioides, and Colletotrichum Species SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Angelica dahurica; Angelica pubescentis; internal transcribed spacer region; Colletotrichum species; Aedes aegypti; Stephanitis pyrioides; 1-dodecanol; 1-tridecanol; terpinen-4-ol; sabinene; myrcene ID INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; MOSQUITO REPELLENTS; IDENTIFICATION; CONSTITUENTS; DETERRENT; CULICIDAE; TOXICANTS; IDENTIFY AB In this study, Angelica dahurica and Angelica pubescentis root essential oils were investigated as pest management perspectives, and root samples were also analyzed genetically using the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region as a DNA barcode marker. A. pubescentis root essential oil demonstrated weak antifungal activity against Colletotrichum acutatum, Colletotrichum fragariae, and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, whereas A. dahurica root essential oil did not show antifungal activity. Conversely, A. dahurica root essential oil demonstrated better biting deterrent and insecticidal activity against yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti, and azalea lace bugs, Stephanitis pyrioides, than A. pubescentis root oil. The major compounds in the A dahurica oil were found as alpha-pinene (46.3%), sabinene (9.3%), myrcene (5.5%), 1-dodecanol (5.2%), and terpinen-4-ol (4.9%). alpha-Pinene (37.6%), p-cyrnene (11.6%), lirnonene (8.7%), and cryptone (6.7%) were the major compounds found in the A. pubescentis oil. In mosquito bioassays, 1-dodecanol and 1-tridecanol showed antibiting deterrent activity similar to the positive control DEET (N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide) at 25 nmol/cm(2) against Ae. aegypti, whereas only 1-tridecanol showed repellent activity in human-based cloth patch bioassay with minimum effective dosages (MED) of 0.086 +/- 0.089 mg/cm(2) (DEET = 0.007 +/- 0.003 mg/cm(2)). In larval bioassays, 1-tridecanol was more toxic with an LC50 value of 2.1 ppm than 1-dodecanol having an LC50 value of 5.2 ppm against 1-day-old Ae. aegypti larvae. 1-Dodecanol and 1-tridecanol could be useful for the natural mosquito control agents. C1 [Tabanca, Nurhayat; Gao, Zengping; Techen, Natascha; Ali, Abbas; Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Gao, Zengping] Beijing Univ Chinese Med, Sch Chinese Mat Med, Dept Chinese Herbal Chem, Beijing 100102, Peoples R China. [Demirci, Betul; Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Fac Pharm, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Wedge, David E.] Univ Mississippi, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, ARS, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. [Sampson, Blair J.; Werle, Chris] ARS, Southern Hort Lab, USDA, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Bernier, Ulrich R.] ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] Univ Mississippi, Dept Pharmacognosy, Sch Pharm, University, MS 38677 USA. [Khan, Ikhlas A.] King Saud Univ, Dept Pharmacognosy, Coll Pharm, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. [Baser, Kemal Husnu Can] King Saud Univ, Bot & Microbiol Dept, Coll Sci, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. RP Tabanca, N (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. EM ntabanca@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008 FU USDA-ARS Grant [56-6402-1-612]; Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program grant - U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and the Food and Drug Administration [300 212 193G] FX This study was supported in part by USDA-ARS Grant 56-6402-1-612 and a Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program grant funded by the U.S. Department of Defense through the Armed Forces Pest Management Board and the Food and Drug Administration, Grant 300 212 193G. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 28 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 3 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 35 BP 8848 EP 8857 DI 10.1021/jf5024752 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AO3KB UT WOS:000341227000011 PM 25133520 ER PT J AU Yi, J Lam, TI Yokoyama, W Cheng, LW Zhong, F AF Yi, Jiang Lam, Tina I. Yokoyama, Wallace Cheng, Luisa W. Zhong, Fang TI Controlled Release of beta-Carotene in beta-Lactoglobulin-Dextran-Conjugated Nanoparticles' in Vitro Digestion and Transport with Caco-2 Monolayers SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE beta-lactoglobulin; conjugates; beta-carotene; controlled release; transport; Caco-2 cells ID MAILLARD REACTION-PRODUCTS; WHEY-PROTEIN; THERMAL AGGREGATION; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; EMULSIFIER TYPE; STABILITY; GLYCATION; DIGESTIBILITY; NANOEMULSIONS; EMULSIONS AB Undesirable aggregation of nanoparticles stabilized by proteins may occur at the protein's isoelectric point when the particle has zero net charge. Stability against aggregation of nanoparticles may be improved by reacting free amino groups with reducing sugars by the Maillard reaction. beta-Lactoglobulin (BLG) dextran conjugates were characterized by SDS-PAGE and CD. Nanoparticles (60-70 nm diameter) of beta-carotene (BC) encapsulated by BLG or BLG-dextran were prepared by the homogenization-evaporation method. Both BLG and BLG dextran nanoparticles appeared to be spherically shaped and uniformly dispersed by TEM. The stability and release of BC from the nanoparticles under simulated gastrointestinal conditions were evaluated. Dextran conjugation prevented the flocculation or aggregation of BLG-dextran particles at pH similar to 4-5 compared to very large sized aggregates of BLG nanoparticles. The released contents of BC from BLG and BLG-dextran nanoparticles under acidic gastric conditions were 6.2 +/- 0.9 and 5.4 +/- 0.3%, respectively. The release of BC from BLG-dextran nanoparticles by trypsin digestion was 51.8 +/- 4.3% of total encapsulated BC, and that from BLG nanoparticles was 60.9 +/- 2.9%. Neither BLG BC nanoparticles nor the Maillard-reacted BLG-dextran conjugates were cytotoxic to Caco-2 cells, even at 10 mg/mL. The apparent permeability coefficient (P-app) of Caco-2 cells to BC was improved by nanoencapsulation, compared to free BC suspension. The results indicate that BC-encapsulated beta-lactoglobulin dextran-conjugated nanoparticles are more stable to aggregation under gastric pH conditions with good release and permeability properties. C1 [Yi, Jiang; Zhong, Fang] Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Key Lab Food Colloids & Biotechnol, Minist Educ, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. [Yi, Jiang; Lam, Tina I.; Yokoyama, Wallace; Cheng, Luisa W.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Zhong, F (reprint author), Jiangnan Univ, Sch Food Sci & Technol, Key Lab Food Colloids & Biotechnol, Minist Educ, Wuxi 214122, Peoples R China. EM fzhong@jiangnan.edu.cn FU National 125 Program [2011BAD23B02, 2013AA1022207]; NSFC [31171686]; 111 Project [B07029]; [NSF-Jiangsu-BK2012556]; [PCSIRT0627]; [JUSRP11422] FX This work was financially supported by National 125 Program 2011BAD23B02, 2013AA1022207; NSFC 31171686; NSF-Jiangsu-BK2012556; 111 Project B07029; PCSIRT0627 and JUSRP11422. NR 40 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 7 U2 64 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 3 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 35 BP 8900 EP 8907 DI 10.1021/jf502639k PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AO3KB UT WOS:000341227000017 PM 25131216 ER PT J AU Sun, XX Sui, SY Ference, C Zhang, YF Sun, S Zhou, NH Zhu, WJ Zhou, KQ AF Sun, Xiuxiu Sui, Siyao Ference, Christopher Zhang, Yifan Sun, Shi Zhou, Ninghui Zhu, Wenjun Zhou, Kequan TI Antimicrobial and Mechanical Properties of beta-Cyclodextrin Inclusion with Essential Oils in Chitosan Films SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE chitosan; beta-cyclodextrin; essential oils; antimicrobial activity; mechanical properties; physical properties ID PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CHLORINE DIOXIDE; FOOD; ANTIBACTERIAL; ANTIOXIDANT; CARVACROL AB Chitosan films incorporated with various concentrations of the complex of beta-cyclodextrin and essential oils (beta-CD/EO) were prepared and investigated for antimicrobial, mechanical, and physical properties. Four bacterial strains that commonly contaminate food products were chosen as target bacteria to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the prepared films. The incorporation of beta-CD/EO significantly increased the antimicrobial activities of the chitosan films against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes. It was also found that tensile strength (TS) of chitosan film was significantly increased with the incorporation of the beta-cyclodextrin and 0.75% essential oils complex. The elongation at break (EB) decreased with the increasing concentrations of essential oils. Inclusion of the complex of beta-cyclodextrin and 0.25% essential oils also significantly decreased water vapor permeability (WVP) of chitosan films. Our results suggest that chitosan films containing beta-CD/EO could be used as active food-packaging material. C1 [Sun, Xiuxiu; Zhang, Yifan; Sun, Shi; Zhou, Ninghui; Zhu, Wenjun; Zhou, Kequan] Wayne State Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Sui, Siyao] Jilin Univ, Sch Biol & Agr Engn, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Ference, Christopher] ARS, USHRL, USDA, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Zhou, KQ (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM kzhou@wayne.edu RI Sun, Shi/P-6018-2014 FU Wayne State University Rumble Fellowship FX The authors recognize and appreciate the financial support from Wayne State University Rumble Fellowship. NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 67 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 EI 1520-5118 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD SEP 3 PY 2014 VL 62 IS 35 BP 8914 EP 8918 DI 10.1021/jf5027873 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AO3KB UT WOS:000341227000019 PM 25141280 ER PT J AU Stow, DA Riggan, PJ Storey, EJ Coulter, LL AF Stow, Douglas A. Riggan, Philip J. Storey, Emanual J. Coulter, Lloyd L. TI Measuring fire spread rates from repeat pass airborne thermal infrared imagery SO REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MULTITEMPORAL IMAGERY; REGISTRATION; BEHAVIOR; PREDICTIONS; FUELS; MODEL AB The objective is to evaluate procedures for direct measurement of fire spread rates (FSRs) based on archived repeat pass airborne thermal infrared (ATIR) imagery and to identify requirements for more refined measurements of FSR and environmental factors that influence FSR. Flaming front positions are delineated on sequential FireMapper ATIR images captured at relatively short repeat intervals enabling fire spread vectors and units to also be delineated. This approach provides the only means for estimating FSR for wildfires at spatial scales in the order of 10(1)-10(3)m and timescales from 10(2) to 10(5)s. Magnitudes of estimated FSR from the time sequential ATIR approach for the 2002 Williams fire in southern California tested here are reasonable, given the fire conditions are within the range of rates reported in the literature for wildland fires in Mediterranean shrublands. C1 [Stow, Douglas A.; Storey, Emanual J.; Coulter, Lloyd L.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Riggan, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Stow, DA (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM stow@mail.sdsu.edu FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Award (ARRA) through US Forest Service [JV-11279702-101]; SDSU [G00008499] FX Funding for this study was provided by an American Recovery and Reinvestment Award (ARRA) through the US Forest Service (JV-11279702-101) - SDSU Grant G00008499, Philip Riggan and Douglas Stow, Principal Investigators. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2150-704X EI 2150-7058 J9 REMOTE SENS LETT JI Remote Sens. Lett. PD SEP 2 PY 2014 VL 5 IS 9 BP 803 EP 812 DI 10.1080/2150704X.2014.967882 PG 10 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AQ9WW UT WOS:000343209800004 ER PT J AU Heilmann, SM Molde, JS Timler, JG Wood, BM Mikula, AL Vozhdayev, GV Colosky, EC Spokas, KA Valentas, KJ AF Heilmann, Steven M. Molde, Joseph S. Timler, Jacobe G. Wood, Brandon M. Mikula, Anthony L. Vozhdayev, Georgiy V. Colosky, Edward C. Spokas, Kurt A. Valentas, Kenneth J. TI Phosphorus Reclamation through Hydrothermal Carbonization of Animal Manures SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEWAGE-SLUDGE; CONVERSION; BIOMASS; GRAINS; SCALE AB Projected shortages of global phosphate have prompted investigation of methods that could be employed to capture and recycle phosphate, rather than continue to allow the resource to be essentially irreversibly lost through dilution in surface waters. Hydrothermal carbonization of animal manures from large farms was investigated as a scenario for the reclamation of phosphate for agricultural use and mitigation of the negative environmental impact of phosphate pollution. Hydrothermal reaction conditions were identified for poultry, swine, and cattle manures that resulted in hydrochar yields of 50-60% for all three manures, and >90% of the total phosphorus present in these systems was contained in the hydrochars as precipitated phosphate salts. Phosphate recovery was achieved in yields of 80-90% by subsequent acid treatment of the hydrochars, addition of base to acid extracts to achieve a pH of 9, and filtration of principally calcium phosphate. Phosphate recovery was achieved in yields of 81-87% based on starting manures by subsequent acid treatment of the hydrochars, addition of base to acid extracts to achieve a pH of 9, and filtration of principally calcium phosphate. Swine and cattle manures produced hydrochars with combustion energy contents comparable to those of high-end sub-bituminous coals. C1 [Heilmann, Steven M.; Molde, Joseph S.; Timler, Jacobe G.; Wood, Brandon M.; Mikula, Anthony L.; Vozhdayev, Georgiy V.; Valentas, Kenneth J.] Univ Minnesota, Biotechnol Inst, Gortner Lab 140, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Spokas, Kurt A.] ARS, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Colosky, Edward C.; Spokas, Kurt A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Heilmann, SM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Biotechnol Inst, Gortner Lab 140, 1479 Gortner Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM heilm001@umn.edu RI Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment at the University of Minnesota FX We thank the Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment at the University of Minnesota for funding this research. We are very appreciative of Mr. Rick Knurr of the Department of Geology of the University of Minnesota for his very capable metal and phosphorus analyses. We thank Mr. Perry Nelson of HSS-Hog System Specialists (New London, MN) for assistance in obtaining authentic CAFO swine manures, as well as considerable valuable information about the industry. Mr. Alan Doering of the Agricultural Utilization Resource Institute (AURI) provided the cattle manure, and Mr. Steven Semmers and Mr. Shane Menefee of Michael Foods, Inc., provided the poultry manure. NR 38 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 14 U2 124 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD SEP 2 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 17 BP 10323 EP 10329 DI 10.1021/es501872k PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO3KY UT WOS:000341229300047 PM 25111737 ER PT J AU Bramwell, L AF Bramwell, Lincoln TI Fire on Denver's Edge SO JOURNAL OF THE WEST LA English DT Article C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bramwell, L (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ABC-CLIO PI SANTA BARBARA PA 130 CREMONA DR, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93117 USA SN 0022-5169 EI 1930-0115 J9 J WEST JI J. West PD FAL PY 2014 VL 53 IS 4 BP 44 EP 55 PG 12 WC History SC History GA CI8YY UT WOS:000355058800005 ER PT J AU Pi, HW Feng, G Sharratt, BS Li, XH Zheng, ZH AF Pi, Huawei Feng, Gary Sharratt, Brenton S. Li, Xinhu Zheng, Zehao TI Validation of SWEEP for Contrasting Agricultural Land Use Types in the Tarim Basin SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; model performance; red date; windblown dust; wind erosion ID EROSION PREDICTION SYSTEM; WIND EROSION; COLUMBIA PLATEAU; WEPS; SOIL; EMISSION; FIELDS; PM10; SEDIMENT; MODEL AB The Tarim Basin is amajor source of windblown dust in China. Land management and use can greatly impact windblown dust, thus, models such as the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) are important for identifying management practices that reduce the emission of dust. The objective of this study was to test the performance of the WEPS erosion submodel (the Single-event Wind Erosion Evaluation Program (SWEEP)) under contrasting agricultural land use types in the Tarim Basin of northwest China. Wind erosion of a sandy soil was measured and simulated in a cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) field and red date (Ziziphus jujuba L.) orchard during the spring of 2012 and 2013. The SWEEP did not simulate differences in soil loss for contrasting agricultural land use types, although measured soil loss was typically smaller than that considered to be of consequence (> 100 g m(-2)) in the original design of the SWEEP. In fact, the model simulated no erosion for all six high wind events in which we observed erosion in the cotton field and red date orchard. The insensitivity of SWEEP to simulate erosion was caused by the simulated friction velocity being consistently lower than the threshold friction velocity for the loess soil at the cotton field and red date orchard. Because SWEEP is being used to assess wind erodibility of lands and simulate regional air quality in China, SWEEP must be improved for application to lands that emit large and small amounts of windblown dust. C1 [Pi, Huawei; Feng, Gary; Li, Xinhu; Zheng, Zehao] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Desert & Oasis Ecol, Inst Ecol & Geog, Urumqi, Xinjiang, Peoples R China. [Pi, Huawei; Zheng, Zehao] Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Sharratt, Brenton S.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sharratt, BS (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, 215 Johnson Hall, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM brenton.sharratt@ars.usda.gov FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41171019]; One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 41171019), One Hundred Talented Researchers Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0038-075X EI 1538-9243 J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 179 IS 9 BP 433 EP 445 DI 10.1097/SS.0000000000000083 PG 13 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA CE2TF UT WOS:000351670600004 ER PT J AU Kalinowski, RS Johnson, MD Rich, AC AF Kalinowski, Ryan S. Johnson, Matthew D. Rich, Adam C. TI Habitat Relationships of Great Gray Owl Prey in Meadows of the Sierra Nevada Mountains SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE cattle grazing; gopher; great gray owl; habitat; Microtus; rodent; Sierra Nevada; Strix nebulosa; Thomomys; vole ID YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; VEGETATIVE COVER; CALIFORNIA; POPULATION; VOLES; IMPACT; ESTIMATORS; GRASSLAND; ECOLOGY; RODENTS AB Annual productivity of great gray owls (Strix nebulosa) in California, USA, is thought to be largely dependent on vole (Microtus spp.) and pocket gopher (Thomomys spp.; hereafter, gopher) abundance, yet factors influencing these prey populations have not been thoroughly investigated. The abundance of voles and gophers has been influenced by vegetation and cattle grazing in other regions; and many meadows are grazed within the breeding range of great gray owls in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. We evaluated the influence of vegetation and cattle grazing on great gray owl foraging habitat by quantifying vole abundance, gopher abundance, and vegetation features in grazed and ungrazed meadows in 2010 and 2011. We found that vole presence was positively associated with sward height and corn lily (Veratrum californicum) dominance; vole abundance was weakly negatively associated with cattle grazing. Gopher abundance was negatively associated with site wetness, and weakly positively associated with stem density, the frequency of forb presence, cattle grazing, and the dominance of corn lily. To efficiently manage vegetation and cattle grazing to benefit great gray owl prey, we suggest prioritizing habitat for voles in wet meadows because gophers were not likely to be abundant in wet sites. Particularly in areas with moist soils, we recommend maintaining sward height commensurate with the habitat relationships of voles found in this study; > 290 mm where corn lily is not dominant and 125 mm where it is. Sustaining sward height for voles should benefit great gray owls and other meadow or forest edge carnivores. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Kalinowski, Ryan S.; Johnson, Matthew D.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Rich, Adam C.] US Forest Serv, Stanislaus Natl Forest, Summit Ranger Dist, Pinecrest, CA 95364 USA. RP Kalinowski, RS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Stanislaus Natl Forest, 19777 Greenley Rd, Sonora, CA 95370 USA. EM rkalinowski@fs.fed.us FU Garden Club of America; Cornell Lab of Ornithology FX We thank T. L. George and R. T. Golightly for their comments and suggestions; the U.S. Forest Service for supporting this work through the Student Career Experience Program; and C. Holland, S. Stock, J. Medley, A. Desch, L. M. Knutson, and J. LaManna for their cooperation. We also thank J. Demianew, G. Prounis, B. Vernasco, J. Soller, J. Clark, P. Spielman, and N. Nelson for their relentless dedication to this project. We thank the Garden Club of America and the Cornell Lab of Ornithology for their financial support via the Frances M. Peacock Scholarship for Native Bird Habitat. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 38 IS 3 BP 547 EP 556 DI 10.1002/wsb.436 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9QW UT WOS:000351434000015 ER PT J AU Powers, JG Monello, RJ Wild, MA Spraker, TR Gionfriddo, JP Nett, TM Baker, DL AF Powers, Jenny G. Monello, Ryan J. Wild, Margaret A. Spraker, Terry R. Gionfriddo, James P. Nett, Terry M. Baker, Dan L. TI Effects of GonaCon Immunocontraceptive Vaccine in Free-Ranging Female Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE Cervus elaphus; elk; GonaCon; gonadotropin releasing hormone; immunocontraception; wildlife fertility control ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; NUTRITIONAL CONDITION; FERTILITY-CONTROL; HORMONE GNRH; POPULATIONS; PREGNANCY; MODELS; REPRODUCTION; ADJUVANT; EFFICACY AB Duration of efficacy and prevalence of side-effects associated with GonaCon Immunocontraceptive Vaccine (GonaCon) in free-ranging female elk (Cervus elaphus) are unknown. In January 2008, we captured 120 mature female elk in Rocky Mountain National Park (CO, USA), determined pregnancy status, and randomly assigned them to treated (n = 60; 1.5 mL of GonaCon) or control (n = 60; 1.5 mL of saline) groups. During the following 3 winters we recaptured, collected blood for antibody concentrations, and euthanized 10-20 elk in each group. At necropsy, we determined pregnancy and collected tissues from organs associated with the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. We relocated injection sites, collected muscle tissue, and performed bacterial culture when inflammation was present. Proportion of pregnant elk among control females ranged from 0.75 to 0.90. Proportion pregnant after treatment with GonaCon was 0.00 (95% CI = 0.0-0.22) in year 1, 0.31 (CI = 0.09-0.61) in year 2, and 0.65 (CI = 0.41-0.85) in year 3. Antibody concentrations were higher in non-pregnant than pregnant treated females. We found no antemortem evidence of lameness or swelling at the injection site; however, at necropsy all treated females had pyogranulomatous inflammation at the injection site. We observed no consistent changes within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. We conclude that GonaCon is effective at reducing pregnancy for 1-2 years post-vaccination and is strongly associated with sterile inflammation at the site of injection. Similar to other species, the vaccine is less effective in elk under free-ranging conditions than those in a captive environment. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Powers, Jenny G.; Monello, Ryan J.; Wild, Margaret A.] Natl Pk Serv, Biol Resource Management Div, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gionfriddo, James P.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Nett, Terry M.; Baker, Dan L.] Colorado State Univ, Anim Reprod & Biotechnol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Powers, JG (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Biol Resource Management Div, 1201 Oakridge Dr 200, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM jenny_powers@nps.gov FU National Park Service FX We thank M. Graham, S. Ratchford, V. Jameson, E. Wheeler, J. Spaak, and A. Graham, for invaluable field, laboratory, and data compilation assistance; and V. Baker, B. Bobowski, J. Mack, T. Johnson, M. K. Watry, J. Visty, and G. Miller from Rocky Mountain National Park for making this research possible and providing field assistance. The National Wildlife Research Center (K. Fagerstone, J. Rhyan, C. Bens, J. Kemp, and L. Miller) kindly provided the vaccine and good laboratory practices (GLP) oversight for the project. This work was funded by the National Park Service. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1938-5463 J9 WILDLIFE SOC B JI Wildl. Soc. Bull. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 38 IS 3 BP 650 EP 656 DI 10.1002/wsb.434 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA CD9QW UT WOS:000351434000029 ER PT J AU Zasada, IA Moore, PP AF Zasada, Inga A. Moore, Patrick P. TI Host Status of Rubus Species and Hybrids for the Root Lesion Nematode, Pratylenchus penetrans SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE plant-parasitic nematode; raspberry; resistance ID RASPBERRY; GROWTH; YIELD AB The root lesion nematode, Pratylench us penetrans, is a production-limiting pest in red raspberry, Rubus idaeus. Genetic resistance, as a tool to manage P. penetrans in raspberries, would reduce the impact of this nematode on raspberry productivity as well as reduce the need for pre- and/or post-plant chemical treatments to keep populations in control. The host status of 11 Rubus species (R. coreanus, R. crataegifolius, R. innominatus, R. leucodermis, R. niveus, R. parviflorus, R. parvifolius, R. pungens, R. spectabilis, R. sumatranus, and R. odoratus) for P. penetrans was evaluated in greenhouse studies. Additionally, hybrids of R. cockburnianus, R. lasiostylus, R. niveus, R. phoenicolasis, and R. sumatranus with R. idaeus 'Meeker' or `Tulameen' were evaluated. The industry standard R. idaeus 'Meeker' was included in all trials as the control. Across trials, R. niveus and R. leucodermis were identified as poor hosts for P. penetrans. In addition, when another selection of R. niveus was evaluated in the final year of this study, it was also a poor host for P. penetrans. Among the remaining Rubus species materials tested, there were no consistent differences in host status for P. penetrans. It appears that R. niveus and R. leucodermis might be sources of resistance for P. penetrans. However, a hybrid between R. niveus and R. idaeus `Tulameen' did not consistently support fewer P. penetrans than the 'Meeker' control. These results indicate that more research is needed to learn about the inheritance of the putative resistance. C1 [Zasada, Inga A.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Moore, Patrick P.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. RP Zasada, IA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM inga.zasada@ars.usda.gov FU Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research; USDA-NIFA RAMP [2010-51101-21649] FX This research was partially funded through grants from the Northwest Center for Small Fruit Research and USDA-NIFA RAMP grant 2010-51101-21649. We thank Amy Peetz and Duncan Kroese of the USDA-ARS for technical assistance. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2014 VL 49 IS 9 BP 1128 EP 1131 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CD1NQ UT WOS:000350842000001 ER PT J AU Warmund, MR Van Sambeek, JW AF Warmund, Michele R. Van Sambeek, J. W. TI Ambered Kernels in Stenospermocarpic Fruit of Eastern Black Walnut SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EMBRYO ABORTION; SEEDLESSNESS; CULTIVARS AB "Ambers" is a term used to describe poorly filled, shriveled eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra L.) kernels with a dark brown or black-colored pellicle that are unmarketable. Studies were conducted to determine the incidence of ambered black walnut kernels and to ascertain when symptoms were apparent in specific tissues. The occurrence of ambered kernels was evaluated in fruit harvested from mature 'Football' trees growing at three sites within a commercial black walnut orchard in 2008 to 2010. Mature walnut fruit sampled from trees at Site 2 had greater odds for ambered kernels than those on trees at two other sites within the same orchard with 27% of the walnuts sampled exhibiting symptoms when examined in October. Also, black walnut fruit in 2010 had more ambered kernels than those examined in Oct. 2008 or 2009. Cropload, soil type, ambient temperatures, or precipitation was not apparently associated with a high incidence of ambered kernels. When black walnut fruit from trees at Site 2 were examined from 25 June to 6 Oct. 2011, embryos were visible in 50% of the fruit without discoloration on the first date. Stenospermocarpy (e.g., aborted or rudimentary embryos after fertilization) was observed in fruit with discolored or ambered kernels as early as 7 July. Stenospermocarpic fruit with ambered kernels had shorter embryo axis lengths (root apex to shoot apex) than fruit with non-ambered kernels on 7 July and at successive sampling dates. Cotyledon widths of ambered kernels in stenospermocarpic fruit were narrower than those of non-ambered kernels on 21 July, but symptomatic cotyledons continued to enlarge until 15 Sept. All fruit enlarged during the growing season and nut diameters varied by only 3.4 mm at harvest. Thus, visible embryo degeneration, which was associated with ambered kernels in black walnut fruit, was detected in early July when shell hardening occurs and kernel tissues are enlarging. C1 [Warmund, Michele R.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Van Sambeek, J. W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Warmund, MR (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, 1-31 Agr Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM warmundm@missouri.edu FU Missouri Agricultural Station project [322] FX Contribution from the Missouri Agricultural Station project 322. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0018-5345 EI 2327-9834 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD SEP PY 2014 VL 49 IS 9 BP 1142 EP 1147 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA CD1NQ UT WOS:000350842000004 ER PT J AU Ehret, DL Frey, B Forge, T Helmer, T Bryla, DR Zebarth, BJ AF Ehret, David L. Frey, Brenda Forge, Tom Helmer, Tom Bryla, David R. Zebarth, Bernie J. TI Effects of nitrogen rate and application method on early production and fruit quality in highbush blueberry SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Anthocyanins; broadcast granular fertilizer; fertigation; sawdust mulch; soil ammonium; soil nitrate; Vaccinium corymbosum ID RABBITEYE BLUEBERRY; FERTILIZER RATE; YIELD; GROWTH; NITRATE; CROPS; MEDIA; SOIL; ESTABLISHMENT; FERTIGATION AB Proper nitrogen (N) fertilizer management of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) is of major importance in south-coastal British Columbia, but little information is available. A field study was conducted to examine the effects of N rate and method of application on growth, yield, and fruit quality in highbush blueberry during the first 4 yr after planting in south-coastal BC. Nitrogen was applied at 0-150% of current production guide rates either with three equal applications of broadcast granular ammonium sulphate each spring or by fertigation through the drip irrigation system with 10 equal applications of liquid ammonium sulphate injected every 2 wk from early spring to late summer each year. Yield increased with increasing N rate during the second and third years of fruit production. The yield response as well as flower number and plant size were greater with fertigation than with broadcast fertilizers. Fruit firmness also increased consistently with increased N rates, while fruit size either increased or decreased, depending on year. There were no effects of N on fruit oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), titratable acidity, or soluble solids. However, the composition of fruit anthocyanins changed, with concentrations of seven anthocyanins decreasing, and three others increasing, with N rate. In 2 of 3 yr, total anthocyanin concentration was greater in fertigated than in broadcast treatments. Soil ammonium and nitrate concentrations increased with N rate, but only soil nitrate differed between the two application methods. Soil nitrate was higher with fertigation than with granular fertilizers, particularly at the end of the season and when greater rates of N were applied. In summary, fertigation produced more shoot growth and greater yields with less N than broadcast applications of fertilizer. C1 [Ehret, David L.; Frey, Brenda; Helmer, Tom] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Foog Res, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. [Forge, Tom] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Foog Res, Summerland, BC V0H 1Z0, Canada. [Bryla, David R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Zebarth, Bernie J.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Potato Res Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada. RP Ehret, DL (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Pacific Agri Foog Res, Agassiz, BC V0M 1A0, Canada. EM david.ehret@agr.gc.ca FU BC Blueberry Council; AAFC Developing Innovative Agri-Products (DIAP) program FX We are grateful to the BC Blueberry Council and the AAFC Developing Innovative Agri-Products (DIAP) program for financial assistance, to Karen Terry for soil mineral N analyses, to the numerous summer students, particularly Karlee Haak and Elyse Hofs, who helped with plot maintenance and harvest, and to Mark Sweeney for horticultural advice. NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 39 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 EI 1918-1833 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 94 IS 7 BP 1165 EP 1179 DI 10.4141/CJPS2013-401 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA CA8JZ UT WOS:000349167000007 ER PT J AU Deng, CL Bai, LL Li, SF Zhang, YX Li, X Chen, YH Wang, RRC Han, FP Hu, ZM AF Deng, Chuanliang Bai, Lili Li, Shufen Zhang, Yingxin Li, Xiang Chen, Yuhong Wang, Richard R. -C. Han, Fangpu Hu, Zanmin TI DOP-PCR based painting of rye chromosomes in a wheat background SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE microdissection; chromosome painting; 1R; 1RS; Secale cereale ID SECALE-CEREALE L.; RESISTANCE GENES; CYTOGENETIC ANALYSIS; DNA-SEQUENCES; MAIZE GENOME; MICRODISSECTION; AMPLIFICATION; RUST; RETROTRANSPOSONS; IDENTIFICATION AB To determine the appropriateness of chromosome painting for identifying genomic elements in rye, we microdissected the 1R and 1RS chromosomes from rye (Secale cereale L. var. King II) and wheat-rye addition line 1RS, respectively. Degenerate oligonucleotide primed - polymerase chain reaction (DOP-PCR) amplification of 1R and 1RS products from dissected chromosomes were used as probes to hybridize to metaphase chromosomes of rye, wheat-rye addition lines 1R and 1RS, translocation line 1RS. 1BL, and allohexaploid triticale. The results showed that (i) the hybridization signal distribution patterns on rye chromosomes using 1R-derived DOP-PCR products as the probe were similar to those using 1RS-derived DOP-PCR products as the probe; (ii) 1R and (or) 1RS could not be distinguished from other rye chromosomes solely by the hybridization patterns using 1R-and (or) 1RS-derived DOP-PCR products as the probe; (iii) rye chromosomes and (or) rye chromosome fragments could be clearly identified in wheat-rye hybrids using either 1R-or 1RS-derived DOP-PCR products as the probe and could be more accurate in the nontelomeric region than using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Our results suggested that 1R-and (or) 1RS-derived DOP-PCR products contain many repetitive DNA sequences, are similar on different rye chromosomes, are R-genome specific, and can be used to identify rye chromosomes and chromosome fragments in wheat-rye hybrids. Our research widens the application range of chromosome painting in plants. C1 [Deng, Chuanliang; Bai, Lili; Li, Shufen; Zhang, Yingxin; Li, Xiang; Chen, Yuhong; Han, Fangpu; Hu, Zanmin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Deng, Chuanliang; Li, Shufen; Li, Xiang] Henan Normal Univ, Xinxiang 453007, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yingxin] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Univ, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China. [Wang, Richard R. -C.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, FRRL, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Hu, ZM (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Genet & Dev Biol, Datun Rd, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM fphan@genetics.ac.cn; zmhu@genetics.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31170209]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2011AA100101] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31170209) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2011AA100101). NR 47 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD SEP PY 2014 VL 57 IS 9 BP 473 EP 479 DI 10.1139/gen-2014-0110 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CA9GF UT WOS:000349229200002 PM 25429799 ER PT J AU He, GH Barkley, NA Zhao, YL Yuan, M Prakash, CS AF He, Guohao Barkley, Noelle A. Zhao, Yongli Yuan, Mei Prakash, C. S. TI Phylogenetic relationships of species of genus Arachis based on genic sequences (57, 327, 2014) SO GENOME LA English DT Correction C1 [He, Guohao; Zhao, Yongli; Prakash, C. S.] Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Barkley, Noelle A.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Yuan, Mei] Minist Agr, Shandong Peanut Res Inst, Key Lab Peanut Biol & Genet Improvement, Shandong Prov Key Lab Peanut, Qingdao 266100, Peoples R China. RP He, GH (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hguohao@mytu.tuskegee.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 EI 1480-3321 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD SEP PY 2014 VL 57 IS 9 BP 523 EP 523 DI 10.1139/gen-2015-0007 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA CA9GF UT WOS:000349229200009 PM 25629647 ER PT J AU Biesbrock, AM Powell, CM Hunter, WB Bextine, BR AF Biesbrock, Anna M. Powell, Christopher M. Hunter, Wayne B. Bextine, Blake R. TI Propagation of Homalodisca coagulata virus-01 via Homalodisca vitripennis Cell Culture SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Infection; Issue 91; Homalodisca vitripennis; Homalodisca coagulata virus-01; cell culture; Pierce's disease of grapevine; Xylella fastidiosa; Dicistroviridae ID GLASSY-WINGED SHARPSHOOTER; CICADELLIDAE; HEMIPTERA; BIOLOGY AB The glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis) is a highly vagile and polyphagous insect found throughout the southwestern United States. These insects are the predominant vectors of Xylella fastidiosa (X. fastidiosa), a xylem-limited bacterium that is the causal agent of Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevine. Pierce's disease is economically damaging; thus, H. vitripennis have become a target for pathogen management strategies. A dicistrovirus identified as Homalodisca coagulata virus-01 (HoCV-01) has been associated with an increased mortality in H. vitripennis populations. Because a host cell is required for HoCV-01 replication, cell culture provides a uniform environment for targeted replication that is logistically and economically valuable for biopesticide production. In this study, a system for large-scale propagation of H. vitripennis cells via tissue culture was developed, providing a viral replication mechanism. HoCV-01 was extracted from whole body insects and used to inoculate cultured H. vitripennis cells at varying levels. The culture medium was removed every 24 hr for 168 hr, RNA extracted and analyzed with qRT-PCR. Cells were stained with trypan blue and counted to quantify cell survivability using light microscopy. Whole virus particles were extracted up to 96 hr after infection, which was the time point determined to be before total cell culture collapse occurred. Cells were also subjected to fluorescent staining and viewed using confocal microscopy to investigate viral activity on F-actin attachment and nuclei integrity. The conclusion of this study is that H. vitripennis cells are capable of being cultured and used for mass production of HoCV-01 at a suitable level to allow production of a biopesticide. C1 [Biesbrock, Anna M.; Powell, Christopher M.; Bextine, Blake R.] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Biol, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Hunter, Wayne B.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Bextine, BR (reprint author), Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Biol, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. EM bbextine@uttyler.edu OI Powell, Christopher/0000-0003-0716-6129 FU Texas Pierce's Disease Research and Education Program; USDA-APHIS FX We would like to thank the Texas Pierce's Disease Research and Education Program and USDA-APHIS for their funding support for this project. We would also like to thank Hema Kothari at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler for her assistance with confocal microscopy. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD SEP PY 2014 IS 91 AR e51953 DI 10.3791/51953 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CB0FM UT WOS:000349301100071 ER PT J AU Batalla-Carrera, L Morton, A Shapiro-Ilan, D Strand, MR Garcia-del-Pino, F AF Batalla-Carrera, Laia Morton, Ana Shapiro-Ilan, David Strand, Michael R. Garcia-del-Pino, Fernando TI Infectivity of Steinernema carpocapsae and S-feltiae to Larvae and Adults of the Hazelnut Weevil, Curculio nucum: Differential Virulence and Entry Routes SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Curculionidae; entry routes; immune response; penetration rate; Steinernema carpocapsae; Steinernema feltiae ID POPILLIA-JAPONICA COLEOPTERA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; ENTOMOGENOUS NEMATODE; PECAN WEEVIL; HETERORHABDITIS-BACTERIOPHORA; XENORHABDUS-NEMATOPHILA; SCARABAEIDAE LARVAE; INTESTINAL VESICLE; WHITE GRUBS; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB We investigated the existing susceptibility differences of the hazelnut weevil, Curculio nucum L. (Coleoptera:, Curculionidae) to entomopathogenic nematodes by assessing the main route of entry of the nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae strain B14 and S. feltiae strain D114, into larvae and adult insects, as well as host immune response. Our results suggested that S. carpocapsae B14 and S. feltiae D114 primarily entered adult insects and larvae through the anus. Larvae were more susceptible to S. feltiae D114 than S. carpocapsae B14 and adults were highly susceptible to S. carpocapsae B14 but displayed low susceptibility to S. feltiae D114. Penetration rate correlated with nematode virulence. We observed little evidence that hazelnut weevils mounted any cellular immune response toward S. carpocapsae B14 or S. feltiae D114. We conclude the differential susceptibility of hazelnut weevil larvae and adults to S. carpocapsae B14 and S. feltiae D114 primarily reflected differences in the ability of these two nematodes to penetrate the host. C1 [Batalla-Carrera, Laia; Morton, Ana; Garcia-del-Pino, Fernando] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Biociencies, Dept Biol Anim Vegetal & Ecol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Shapiro-Ilan, David] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. [Strand, Michael R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Batalla-Carrera, L (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Fac Biociencies, Dept Biol Anim Vegetal & Ecol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. EM Laia.Batalla@uab.cat RI Garcia-del-Pino, Fernando/G-1686-2016 OI Garcia-del-Pino, Fernando/0000-0002-9515-7056 FU Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia Project [AGL2006-037228/AGR]; BE-DGR grant FX This research was supported by a Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia Project (AGL2006-037228/AGR) and facilitated by the BE-DGR 2011 grant. Many thanks to Goncal Barrios, Jordi Mateu, Anna Aymami from the Servei de Sanitat Vegetal (Generalitat de Catalunya), and especially Frederic Mallol (ADV Associacio pel Desenvolupament Rural de les Muntanyes de Prades) for all their efforts and assistance. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 281 EP 286 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AY1IS UT WOS:000347347800004 PM 25276002 ER PT J AU Carta, LK Skantar, AM AF Carta, L. K. Skantar, A. M. TI A Trichodorus (Triplonchida: Trichodoridae) Nematode from Thrips (Thysanoptera: Panchaetothripinae) SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ecology; large subunit ribosomal DNA; stubby root nematode; systematics; taxonomy; virus vector ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; DIPHTHEROPHORINA; SPAIN AB A thrips insect Caliothrips sp. (Thysanoptera: Panchaetothripinae) from persimmon fruit (Ebenaceae: Diospyros sp.) from an unknown origin, possibly Asia, was intercepted in a passenger bag in November 2012 at the Peace Arch Border Crossing from Canada to Blaine, WA, by a USDA-APHIS-PPQ port inspector. Nematodes were attached to the abdomen of the female insect and sent to us in saline. Seven nematodes (five females, two males) were measured and these and others were processed for permanent slides. An adult female and a female juvenile were prepared for PCR. Morphologically these nematodes belonged to the Trichodorus sparsus group, and the 28S rDNA D2-D3 sequence showed greatest similarity to Trichodorus paragiennensis (94%) and T. giennensis (93%), with greatest morphological similarity to the latter species. Among other morphological differences, the innermost uterus width is wider than in related species. Trichodorus spp. are normally found in soil, so this is the first population seen in the atypical habitat of an insect. Morphological and molecular characteristics of Trichodorus sp. are presented, but a putative new species name is not currently advisable because of relatively poor condition of specimens. Ecological associations are also discussed. C1 [Carta, L. K.; Skantar, A. M.] ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Carta, LK (reprint author), ARS, Nematol Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Bldg 010A,Room 110, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lynn.carta@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 46 IS 3 BP 302 EP 308 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AY1IS UT WOS:000347347800007 PM 25276005 ER PT J AU Kondo, MC Mizes, C Lee, J McGady-Saier, J O'Malley, L Diliberto, A Burstyn, I AF Kondo, Michelle C. Mizes, Chris Lee, John McGady-Saier, Jacqueline O'Malley, Lisa Diliberto, Ariel Burstyn, Igor TI Towards Participatory Air Pollution Exposure Assessment in a Goods Movement Community SO PROGRESS IN COMMUNITY HEALTH PARTNERSHIPS-RESEARCH EDUCATION AND ACTION LA English DT Article DE Community-based participatory research; air pollution; goods movement; exposure assessment; particulate matter; photovoice; fine particles; personal exposure; ambient exposure; sources of exposure ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; DIESEL EXHAUST; PARTICULATE MATTER; MAJOR HIGHWAY; LUNG-CANCER; ASTHMA; CHILDREN; HEALTH; COHORT; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Air pollution from diesel truck traffic travelling to and from port facilities is a major environmental health concern in areas of Philadelphia such as the Port Richmond neighborhood. Ambient monitoring has limited capability to assess neighborhood- or personal-level exposures to this pollution. Objectives: We sought to conduct a pilot study using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to assess community environmental health concerns, and measure residents' exposure to airborne traffic-related pollutants (fine particles [PM2.5]). Methods: The research team established relationships with neighborhood schools and organizations, conducted 24 semistructured interviews, 2 community meetings, and 1 Photovoice exercise. Nine community researchers wore personal monitors that collected PM2.5 in the personal breathing zone for 1 to 3 days over a 6-day period in December 2011. Results: Air pollution and safety hazards from truck traffic, environmental hazards posed by nearby industry, related community health problems, and environmental assets were four major themes emerging from interviews and discussions. Personal monitoring revealed that smoking and smoke exposure had the most pronounced effect on PM2.5 concentrations, and that personal PM2.5 exposure levels were not related to ambient PM2.5 concentrations reported from stationary monitoring stations in Philadelphia. Conclusions: Participation in personal air pollution monitoring and Photovoice exercises helped to increase awareness of pervasive mobile- and point-source diesel emissions throughout the neighborhood and develop priorities for action. Monitoring indicated the negative effects of cigarette smoke exposure, and disconnect between ambient- and personal-level PM2.5 concentrations that emphasized the need for more personal- and local-level monitoring. In addition, participatory methods are appropriate to involve lay persons in personal air pollution monitoring. C1 [Kondo, Michelle C.] Univ Penn, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Kondo, Michelle C.] United States Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Mizes, Chris; Lee, John] Clean Air Council, Philadelphia, PA USA. [McGady-Saier, Jacqueline; O'Malley, Lisa] Port Richmond Resident, Richmond, VA USA. [Diliberto, Ariel] New Kensington Community Dev Corp, Kensington, NSW, Australia. [Burstyn, Igor] Drexel Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Kondo, MC (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. OI Kondo, Michelle/0000-0001-9152-1589 NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 1557-0541 EI 1557-055X J9 PROG COMM HLTH PARTN JI Prog. Community Health Partnersh. PD FAL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 291 EP 304 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AX1DZ UT WOS:000346689600003 PM 25435556 ER PT J AU Spartano, NL Lamon-Fava, S Matthan, NR Ronxhi, J Greenberg, AS Obin, MS Lichtenstein, AH AF Spartano, N. L. Lamon-Fava, S. Matthan, N. R. Ronxhi, J. Greenberg, A. S. Obin, M. S. Lichtenstein, A. H. TI Regulation of ATP-binding Cassette Transporters and Cholesterol Efflux by Glucose in Primary Human Monocytes and Murine Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & DIABETES LA English DT Article DE atherosclerosis; mononuclear cells; leukocytes; hyperglycemia ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; FOAM CELL-FORMATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; FATTY-ACIDS; TANGIER-DISEASE; WHOLE-BLOOD; ABCA1; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; G1; METABOLISM AB Purpose: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of developing atherosclerosis. This may be partially attributable to suppression of macrophage ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter mediated cholesterol efflux by sustained elevated blood glucose concentrations. 2 models were used to assess this potential relationship: human monocytes/leukocytes and murine bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Methods: 10 subjects (4 F/6 M, 50-85 years, BMI 25-35 kg/m(2)) underwent an oral glucose challenge. Baseline and 1- and 2-h post-challenge ABC-transporter mRNA expression was determined in monocytes, leukocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In a separate study, murine-BMDM were exposed to 5 mmol/L D-glucose (control) or additional 20 mmol/L D-or L-glucose and 25 ug/mL oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL). High density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol efflux and ABC-transporter (ABCA1 and ABCG1) expression were determined. Results: Baseline ABCA1and ABCG1 expression was lower (> 50 %) in human monocytes and PBMC than leukocytes (p < 0.05). 1h post-challenge leukocyte ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression increased by 37 % and 30 %, respectively (p < 0.05), and began to return to baseline thereafter. There was no significant change in monocyte ABC-transporter expression. In murine BMDM, higher glucose concentrations suppressed HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux (10 %; p < 0.01) without significantly aff ecting ABCA1 and ABCG1 expression. Data demonstrate that leukocytes are not a reliable indicator of monocyte ABC-transporter expression. Conclusions: Human monocyte ABC-transporter gene expression was unresponsive to a glucose challenge. Correspondingly, in BMDM, hyperglycemia attenuated macrophage cholesterol efflux in the absence of altered ABC-transporter expression, suggesting that hyperglycemia, perse, suppresses cholesterol transporter activity. This glucose-related impairment in cholesterol efflux may potentially contribute to diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. C1 [Spartano, N. L.; Lamon-Fava, S.; Matthan, N. R.; Ronxhi, J.; Greenberg, A. S.; Obin, M. S.; Lichtenstein, A. H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Cardiovasc Nutr Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM alice.lichtenstein@tufts.edu FU NIH [NHLBI-T-32-HL069772]; USDA [58-1950-0-0014] FX This work was supported by grants from the NIH: NHLBI-T-32-HL069772 (NLS) and the USDA agreement No. 58-1950-0-0014. Any opinions, findings, conclusion, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHANN AMBROSIUS BARTH VERLAG MEDIZINVERLAGE HEIDELBERG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA RUEDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0947-7349 EI 1439-3646 J9 EXP CLIN ENDOCR DIAB JI Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. Diabet. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 122 IS 8 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1055/s-0034-1374600 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AW4SH UT WOS:000346270300005 PM 24838154 ER PT J AU Seetan, RI Denton, AM Al-Azzam, O Kumar, A Iqbal, MJ Kianian, SF AF Seetan, Raed I. Denton, Anne M. Al-Azzam, Omar Kumar, Ajay Iqbal, M. Javed Kianian, Shahryar F. TI Reliable Radiation Hybrid Maps: An Efficient Scalable Clustering-Based Approach SO IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Framework mapping; radiation hybrid mapping; travelling salesman problem; clustering; bioinformatics ID HUMAN GENOME; LINKAGE AB The process of mapping markers from radiation hybrid mapping (RHM) experiments is equivalent to the traveling salesman problem and, thereby, has combinatorial complexity. As an additional problem, experiments typically result in some unreliable markers that reduce the overall quality of the map. We propose a clustering approach for addressing both problems efficiently by eliminating unreliable markers without the need for mapping the complete set of markers. Traditional approaches for eliminating markers use resampling of the full data set, which has an even higher computational complexity than the original mapping problem. In contrast, the proposed approach uses a divide-and-conquer strategy to construct framework maps based on clusters that exclude unreliable markers. Clusters are ordered using parallel processing and are then combined to form the complete map. We present three algorithms that explore the trade-off between the number of markers included in the map and placement accuracy. Using an RHM data set of the human genome, we compare the framework maps from our proposed approaches with published physical maps and with the results of using the Carthagene tool. Overall, our approaches have a very low computational complexity and produce solid framework maps with good chromosome coverage and high agreement with the physical map marker order. C1 [Seetan, Raed I.; Denton, Anne M.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Al-Azzam, Omar] Univ Minnesota, Math Sci & Technol Dept, Crookston, MN USA. [Kumar, Ajay] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Iqbal, M. Javed] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kianian, Shahryar F.] Univ Minnesota, Cereal Dis Lab, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Seetan, RI (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM raed.seetan@ndsu.edu; anne.denton@ndsu.edu; oalazzam@crk.umn.edu; ajay.kumar.2@ndsu.edu; mjiqbal@ucdavis.edu; Shahryar.Kianian@ars.usda.gov FU US National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) [IOS-0822100] FX This work was supported by funding from the US National Science Foundation, Plant Genome Research Program (NSF-PGRP) grant No. IOS-0822100 to SFK. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1545-5963 EI 1557-9964 J9 IEEE ACM T COMPUT BI JI IEEE-ACM Trans. Comput. Biol. Bioinform. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 11 IS 5 BP 788 EP 800 DI 10.1109/TCBB.2014.2329310 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Computer Science; Mathematics GA AX0FX UT WOS:000346629600003 PM 26356853 ER PT J AU Hu, G Obert, DE Evans, CP Satterfield, K Ellberg, S Marshall, JM Budde, A Martens, C AF Hu, G. Obert, D. E. Evans, C. P. Satterfield, K. Ellberg, S. Marshall, J. M. Budde, A. Martens, C. TI Registration of 'Merem' Spring Malting Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Improvement of malting barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars is important for both the malting industry and barley production. A new, two-row spring, malting barley cultivar named 'Merem' (Reg. No. CV-353, PI 668574), was developed by bulked selection approach at the USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID, in cooperation with the University of Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station. Merem was tested at the USDA-ARS and all other cooperative trials as 02Ab17271. 02Ab17271 is a selection from the cross 85Ab2323/'Merit'. 85Ab2323, a USDA-ARS experimental selection from the cross '79Ab10542/78Ab6871', is a high-yielding, well-adapted, two-row spring barley from the USDA-ARS Aberdeen, ID. Both 79Ab10542 and 78Ab6871 are experimental selections from the USDA-ARS, Aberdeen, ID. Merit was developed by Busch Agricultural Resources LLC., at Fort Collins, CO, and was selected from the cross 'Manley/2B80-350'. Merem has higher yield than 'Harrington' and 'AC Metcalfe' in irrigated conditions and higher malt extract than all control lines of Harrington, AC Metcalfe, and 'Conrad'. Merem provides another option for the malting barley industry among two-row, malting barley cultivars. C1 [Hu, G.; Obert, D. E.; Evans, C. P.; Satterfield, K.; Ellberg, S.] ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Marshall, J. M.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls Res & Extens Ctr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Budde, A.; Martens, C.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Hu, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Res Facil, 1691 South 2700 West, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Gongshe.Hu@ars.usda.gov FU Idaho Barley Commission; American Malting Association FX Merem was developed with financial support from the Idaho Barley Commission and American Malting Association. The authors also wish to acknowledge the cooperation of the University of Idaho, R & E Center, in Aberdeen and Tetonia, and Clark Kauffman, Dave Bodine, and Sid Cellan for providing land and technical support for on-farm yield trials. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 233 EP 235 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.09.0061crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900001 ER PT J AU Brooks, WS Vaughn, ME Berger, GL Griffey, CA Thomason, WE Pitman, RM Malla, S Seago, JE Dunaway, DW Hokanson, EG Behl, HD Beahm, BR Schmale, DG McMaster, N Hardiman, T Custis, JT Starner, DE Gulick, SA Ashburn, SR Jones, EH Marshall, DS Fountain, MO Tuong, TD Kurantz, MJ Moreau, RA Hicks, KB AF Brooks, W. S. Vaughn, M. E. Berger, G. L. Griffey, C. A. Thomason, W. E. Pitman, R. M. Malla, S. Seago, J. E. Dunaway, D. W. Hokanson, E. G. Behl, H. D. Beahm, B. R. Schmale, D. G. McMaster, N. Hardiman, T. Custis, J. T. Starner, D. E. Gulick, S. A. Ashburn, S. R. Jones, E. H., Jr. Marshall, D. S. Fountain, M. O. Tuong, T. D. Kurantz, M. J. Moreau, R. A. Hicks, K. B. TI Registration of 'Atlantic' Winter Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; DEOXYNIVALENOL ACCUMULATION; RESISTANCE; VIRGINIA AB 'Atlantic' (Reg. No. CV-354, PI 665041), a six-row, hulled winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) tested as VA06B-19 by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, was released in March 2011. Atlantic was derived from the cross VA97B-176/VA92-44-279 using a modified bulk-breeding method. It was evaluated in the Virginia Official Variety Trials from 2008 to 2013 in replicated tests at five to six locations. Atlantic's average grain yield (5349 kg ha(-1)) was higher than the check cultivars Wysor, Callao, and Price and similar to Thoroughbred. Average grain volume weight of Atlantic (60.8 kg hL(-1)) was similar to the check cultivar Price and higher than Thoroughbred, Callao, and Wysor. Head emergence of Atlantic is 7 d earlier than Thoroughbred (the predominant barley cultivar grown in Virginia and the eastern United States) and similar to that of Callao. Earlier maturity is a primary factor determining whether barley or wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is used in double-cropping systems with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Grain of Atlantic had an average starch concentration (56.5%) that was higher than Callao, similar to Price, but lower than Thoroughbred. Atlantic provides barley producers and end users in the eastern United States with a widely adapted, early-maturing winter barley cultivar that has good grain quality and is highly resistant to powdery mildew [caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E.O. Speer f. sp. hordei Em. Marchal] based on its performance in state and uniform winter barley yield trials. C1 [Brooks, W. S.; Griffey, C. A.; Thomason, W. E.; Malla, S.; Seago, J. E.; Hokanson, E. G.; Behl, H. D.] Virginia Tech, Crop & Soil Environm Sci Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Vaughn, M. E.; Pitman, R. M.; Dunaway, D. W.] Eastern Virginia Agric Res & Ext Ctr, Warsaw, VA 22572 USA. [Berger, G. L.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Agron, Rice Res & Extens Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Beahm, B. R.] Virginia Fdn Seed Stocks Farm, Mt Holly, VA 22524 USA. [Schmale, D. G.; McMaster, N.] Virginia Tech, Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hardiman, T.] Virginia Crop Improvement Assoc, Mechanicsville, VA 23116 USA. [Custis, J. T.] Eastern Shore Agric Res & Ext Ctr, Painter, VA 23420 USA. [Starner, D. E.; Gulick, S. A.] Northern Piedmont Agric Res & Ext Ctr, Orange, VA 22960 USA. [Ashburn, S. R.] Tidewater Agric Res & Ext Ctr, Holland, VA 23437 USA. [Jones, E. H., Jr.] Southern Piedmont Agric Res & Ext Ctr, Blackstone, VA 23824 USA. [Marshall, D. S.; Fountain, M. O.; Tuong, T. D.] ARS, USDA, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kurantz, M. J.; Moreau, R. A.; Hicks, K. B.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Brooks, WS (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Crop & Soil Environm Sci Dept, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wybrooks@vt.edu OI Moreau, Robert/0000-0002-8166-8322 FU Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Virginia Small Grains Board; Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board; Kentucky Small Grains Grower Association; U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative; U.S. Department of Agriculture [59-0790-4-102] FX Atlantic was developed with financial support from the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, the Virginia Small Grains Board, the Maryland Grain Producers Utilization Board, and the Kentucky Small Grains Grower Association. This material is based on work supported by the U.S. Wheat and Barley Scab Initiative and the U.S. Department of Agriculture under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-102. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 236 EP 241 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.04.0019crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900002 ER PT J AU Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB Casler, MD Sarath, G AF Vogel, K. P. Mitchell, R. B. Casler, M. D. Sarath, G. TI Registration of 'Liberty' Switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID POPULATIONS; ADAPTATION; SELECTION AB 'Liberty' (Reg. No. CV-271, PI 669371) switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a lowland-type cultivar that is adapted to USDA plant hardiness zones (HZ) 4, 5, and 6 in the U.S. Great Plains and Midwest, east of 100 degrees W. longitude. It was developed for use as a perennial biomass energy crop and is the first high-yielding biomass-type lowland cultivar adapted to this region. It can produce greater biomass yields than upland-or forage-type switchgrass cultivars developed previously for use in the region, and it has equivalent winter survival. Liberty has significantly greater winter survival in its adaptation region than previously released lowland switchgrass cultivars such as 'Kanlow' and 'Alamo' that frequently have substantial winter damage and stand loss north of 40 degrees N latitude in the U.S. Great Plains and Midwest. C1 [Vogel, K. P.; Mitchell, R. B.; Sarath, G.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA,ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Casler, M. D.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Vogel, KP (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA,ARS, 137 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM vogelkp61@neb.rr.com FU USDA-ARS; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68005-30411] FX Individuals contributing to the development of the cultivar include K.P. Vogel (breeding and evaluation trials), R.B. Mitchell (evaluation trials), and G. Sarath (cultivar characterization and evaluation trials), all USDA-ARS, Lincoln, NE, and M.D. Casler (evaluation trials), USDA-ARS, Madison, WI. The breeding research and the first two years of the evaluation research were funded by the USDA-ARS. Funding from the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2011-68005-30411 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture supported components of the final evaluation year research and increase of breeder seed under irrigation. Facilities and land for the breeding work were provided by the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely to provide specific information and does not imply recommendations or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity employer. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 242 EP 247 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.12.0076crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900003 ER PT J AU Springer, TL Wynia, RL Rea, GL AF Springer, T. L. Wynia, R. L. Rea, G. L. TI Registration of 'Centennial' Sand Bluestem SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID INCREASED SEED-GERMINATION; EMERGENCE; GRASSES; ESTABLISHMENT; DENSITY AB 'Centennial' (Reg. No. CV-15, PI 670042) sand bluestem (Andropogon hallii Hack.) is a synthetic cultivar selected for greater seed germination at a low water potential and seedling establishment under field conditions. Two cycles of recurrent selection were used to develop Centennial (AB-medium Syn-2) from 'Chet' sand bluestem (AB-medium Syn-0). Cycle 1 consisted of germinating 3500 open-pollinated seeds of population AB-medium Syn-0 in a -0.8 MPa D-mannitol solution for 7 d. All germinated seeds (similar to 250) were selected to create population 'AB-medium Syn-1'. Cycle 2 selection was similar to Cycle 1 except that population AB-medium Syn-1 was used to create population AB-medium Syn-2. Germination of seeds of Centennial was 16.3% higher than for those of Chet in a water potential of -0.8 MPa and 12.8% higher than Chet in deionized water. Seeds from Centennial had significantly greater field emergence (62.7%) than either the AB-medium Syn-1 (59.6%) or Chet sand bluestem (54.6%). Thus, percentage field emergence of sand bluestem was increased by recurrent selection for increased seed germination at a low water potential. Centennial sand bluestem was cooperatively released by the USDA-ARS and USDA-NRCS to provide forage for pasture, hay, or complementary rangeland-forage production systems and to stabilize soils by reclaiming marginal croplands in the central and southern Great Plains of the United States. C1 [Springer, T. L.] ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. [Wynia, R. L.] NRCS, USDA, Manhattan Plant Mat Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Rea, G. L.] NRCS, USDA, James E Bud Smith Plant Mat Ctr, Knox City, TX 79529 USA. RP Springer, TL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Southern Plains Range Res Stn, 2000 18th St, Woodward, OK 73801 USA. EM tim.springer@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 248 EP 252 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.05.0032crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900004 ER PT J AU Baenziger, PS Graybosch, RA Regassa, T Klein, RN Kruger, GR Santra, DK Xu, L Rose, DJ Wegulo, SN Jin, Y Kolmer, J Hein, GL Chen, MS Bai, G Bowden, RL Poland, J AF Baenziger, P. S. Graybosch, R. A. Regassa, T. Klein, R. N. Kruger, G. R. Santra, D. K. Xu, L. Rose, D. J. Wegulo, S. N. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. Hein, G. L. Chen, M. -S. Bai, G. Bowden, R. L. Poland, J. TI Registration of 'NE06545' (Husker Genetics Brand Freeman) Hard Red Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RUST RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE; NEBRASKA; JAGGER AB Providing more productive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars with broad adaptation in their target regions to wheat producers is a major goal of wheat-breeding programs. 'NE06545' (Reg. No. CV-1098, PI 667038) hard red winter wheat was developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 2013 by the developing institutions. NE06545 was released primarily for its superior performance under rainfed conditions in Nebraska and adjacent areas of the Great Plains. NE06545 was selected from the cross KS92-946-B-15-1/'Alliance', where the pedigree of KS92-946-B-15-1 is ABI86*3414/'Jagger'//'Karl 92'. That cross was made in 2000. NE06545 was selected using a modified bulk breeding method as an F-3:4 line (F-3-derived line in the F-4 generation) in 2004, and in 2006 it was assigned experimental line number NE06545. It survives the winter, has acceptable disease reactions to many of the common diseases in its target area, and has acceptable end-use quality for bread making. After extensive testing, it was released in January 2013. C1 [Baenziger, P. S.; Regassa, T.; Xu, L.; Rose, D. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68383 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68383 USA. [Klein, R. N.; Kruger, G. R.] West Cent Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Agron & Hort, North Platte, NE 69101 USA. [Santra, D. K.] Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Agron & Hort, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Rose, D. J.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Food Sci, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wegulo, S. N.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, ARS, USDA, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hein, G. L.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Chen, M. -S.; Bai, G.; Bowden, R. L.] Kansas State Univ, ARS, USDA, Ctr Grain & Anim Hlth Res, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Chen, M. -S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, G.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bowden, R. L.; Poland, J.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Regassa, Teshome /D-6476-2015; OI Wegulo, Stephen/0000-0002-4435-6055; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station; Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board; BASF Corporation; Hatch project [NEB-22-328]; USDA-IFAFS [2001-04462]; USDA, NRICGP [00-353000-9266, 2004-35300-1470]; USDA, CSREES NRICAP [2006-55606-16629, 2011-68002-30029]; USDA OREI [2007-51300-03785]; USDA [59-0790-4-092] FX The Nebraska Crop Improvement Association provided technical assistance in describing the cultivar characteristics and accomplishing technology transfer. NE06545 was developed with partial financial support from the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station, the Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board, and BASF Corporation. Partial funding for P.S. Baenziger is from Hatch project NEB-22-328, USDA-IFAFS competitive grant 2001-04462, USDA, NRICGP 00-353000-9266, and 2004-35300-1470, USDA, CSREES NRICAP grant numbers 2006-55606-16629, 2011-68002-30029 (Triticeae-CAP), USDA OREI 2007-51300-03785, and USDA under Agreement No. 59-0790-4-092, which is a cooperative project with the U.S. Wheat & Barley Scab Initiative. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USDA. This registration resulted from cooperative investigations of the Nebraska Agricultural Research Division, University of Nebraska, and the USDA-ARS. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 279 EP 284 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.02.0009crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900010 ER PT J AU Berg, JE Wichman, DM Kephart, KD Eckhoff, JL Stougaard, RN Lamb, PF Miller, JH Nash, DL Grey, WE Johnston, M Gettel, D Larson, R Jin, Y Kolmer, JA Chen, X Bai, G Bruckner, PL AF Berg, J. E. Wichman, D. M. Kephart, K. D. Eckhoff, J. L. Stougaard, R. N. Lamb, P. F. Miller, J. H. Nash, D. L. Grey, W. E. Johnston, M. Gettel, D. Larson, R. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. A. Chen, X. Bai, G. Bruckner, P. L. TI Registration of 'Colter' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Colter' (Reg. No. CV-1099, PI 670156) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed and released by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Stations in September 2013. Colter was derived from the cross MT9982*2/BZ9W96-895. MT9982 is a sib selection of 'Yellowstone', and BZ9W96-895 is an unreleased breeding line of unknown pedigree developed by Westbred. Colter was developed using a modified bulk breeding method and selected as an F-5:6 headrow. Colter was tested under the experimental number MT08172 in Montana yield trials from 2009 to 2013. Like Yellowstone, Colter is a high-yielding, winter-hardy hard red winter wheat line with medium to late maturity, medium to high grain protein, and acceptable milling and baking quality. Colter was released for its excellent performance in winter wheat production environments of north-central Montana and its improved grain volume weight and stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.: Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) resistance relative to Yellowstone. C1 [Berg, J. E.; Nash, D. L.; Grey, W. E.; Johnston, M.; Bruckner, P. L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Wichman, D. M.] Cent Agr Res Ctr, Moccasin, MT 59462 USA. [Kephart, K. D.] Southern Agr Res Ctr, Huntley, MT 59037 USA. [Eckhoff, J. L.] Eastern Agr Res Ctr, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Stougaard, R. N.] Northwestern Agr Res Ctr, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Lamb, P. F.] Northern Agr Res Ctr, Havre, MT 59501 USA. [Miller, J. H.] Western Triangle Agr Res Ctr, Conrad, MT 59425 USA. [Gettel, D.] Montana Agr Exptl Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Larson, R.] Montana Seed Growers Assoc, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bai, G.] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Bruckner, PL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM bruckner@montana.edu FU Montana Agricultural Experiment Station; Montana Wheat and Barley Committee; Hatch project [MONB00298] FX Colter was developed with financial support of the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, and Hatch project MONB00298. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Ron Ramsfield, Jackie Kennedy, and Harvey Teslaa. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 285 EP 287 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.02.0011crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900011 ER PT J AU Berg, JE Wichman, DM Kephart, KD Eckhoff, JL Stougaard, RN Lamb, PF Miller, JH Nash, DL Grey, WE Johnston, M Gettel, D Larson, R Jin, Y Chen, X Bruckner, PL AF Berg, J. E. Wichman, D. M. Kephart, K. D. Eckhoff, J. L. Stougaard, R. N. Lamb, P. F. Miller, J. H. Nash, D. L. Grey, W. E. Johnston, M. Gettel, D. Larson, R. Jin, Y. Chen, X. Bruckner, P. L. TI Registration of 'WB3768' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'WB3768' (Reg. No. CV-1100, PI 670158) hard white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed and released by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station in September 2013. An exclusive license for commercialization of WB3768 was granted to Monsanto. WB3768 is of unknown pedigree, derived from a composite of two related topcrosses: MTW0047 ('Judith'/PI 262605//S86-740)/2*MT9982 and MTW0047/MT9982//MT9989 (Judith/'Arapahoe'). MT9982 is a sib selection of 'Yellowstone', and S86-740 ('Norstar'/"Plainsman V'//'Ulianovkia') is an unreleased breeding line developed by the Crop Development Center in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. WB3768 was developed using a modified bulk breeding method and selected as an F-5:6 headrow. WB3768 was tested under the experimental number MTW08168 in Montana yield trials from 2009 to 2013. WB3768 is a high-yielding, winter-hardy, conventional-height hard white winter wheat line with late maturity, medium to high grain protein, low polyphenol oxidase activity, and acceptable milling and baking quality. WB3768 was released for its combination of the hard white market class and excellent yield performance in winter wheat production environments of Montana. C1 [Berg, J. E.; Nash, D. L.; Grey, W. E.; Johnston, M.; Bruckner, P. L.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Wichman, D. M.] Cent Agr Res Ctr, Moccasin, MT 59462 USA. [Kephart, K. D.] Southern Agr Res Ctr, Huntley, MT 59037 USA. [Eckhoff, J. L.] Eastern Agr Res Ctr, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Stougaard, R. N.] Northwestern Agr Res Ctr, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Lamb, P. F.] Northern Agr Res Ctr, Havre, MT 59501 USA. [Miller, J. H.] Western Triangle Agr Res Ctr, Conrad, MT 59425 USA. [Gettel, D.] Montana Agr Exptl Stn, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Larson, R.] Montana Seed Growers Assoc, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Jin, Y.] ARS, USDA, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Chen, X.] ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Bruckner, PL (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM bruckner@montana.edu FU Montana Agricultural Experiment Station; Montana Wheat and Barley Committee; Hatch project [MONB00298] FX WB3768 was developed with financial support of the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station, the Montana Wheat and Barley Committee, and Hatch project MONB00298. The authors wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Ron Ramsfield, Jackie Kennedy, and Harvey Teslaa. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 288 EP 290 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.03.0014crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900012 ER PT J AU Rudd, JC Devkota, RN Baker, JA Peterson, GL Lazar, MD Bean, B Worrall, D Baughman, T Marshall, D Sutton, R Rooney, LW Nelson, LR Fritz, AK Weng, YQ Morgan, GD Seabourn, BW AF Rudd, Jackie C. Devkota, Ravindra N. Baker, Jason A. Peterson, Gary L. Lazar, Mark D. Bean, Brent Worrall, David Baughman, Todd Marshall, David Sutton, Russell Rooney, Lloyd W. Nelson, Lloyd R. Fritz, Allan K. Weng, Yiqun Morgan, Gaylon D. Seabourn, Brad W. TI 'TAM 112' Wheat, Resistant to Greenbug and Wheat Curl Mite and Adapted to the Dryland Production System in the Southern High Plains SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; REGISTRATION; LINES AB 'TAM 112' (Reg. No. CV-1101, PI 643143), a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar with experimental designation TX98V9628, was developed and released by Texas A&M AgriLife Research in 2005. TAM 112 is an F-4-derived line from the cross U1254-7-9-2-1/TXGH10440 made at Vernon, TX, in 1992. U1254-7-9-2 is a USDA-ARS germplasm line from the Plant Science and Entomology Research unit, Manhattan, KS, and TXGH10440 is a sibling selection of the cultivar TAM 110. TAM 112 is an awned, medium-early maturing, semidwarf wheat with red glumes. It was released primarily for its excellent grain yield potential particularly in dryland environments of the southern Great Plains; resistance to stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.: Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.), powdery mildew [ caused by Blumeria graminis (DC.) E. O. Speer f. sp. tritici Em. Marchal], and greenbug [Schizaphis graminum (Rondani)]; and good milling and bread-baking characteristics. Compared with existing hard red winter wheat cultivars at the time of release, TAM 112 is most similar to TAM 110 with respect to area of adaptation and disease and insect resistance, but it has significantly higher yield and better bread-baking characteristics than TAM 110. Licensed to Watley Seed Company for marketing, TAM 112 is currently one of the most popular hard red winter wheat cultivars adapted to the dryland production system in the Texas High Plains and similar areas in the southern Great Plains. C1 [Rudd, Jackie C.; Devkota, Ravindra N.; Baker, Jason A.; Peterson, Gary L.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Lazar, Mark D.] Virginia Western Coll, Roanoke, VA 24015 USA. [Bean, Brent] NexSteppe Inc, Hereford, TX 79045 USA. [Worrall, David] AgriPro, Vernon, TX 76385 USA. [Baughman, Todd] Oklahoma State Univ, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. [Marshall, David] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC USA. [Sutton, Russell; Rooney, Lloyd W.; Nelson, Lloyd R.; Morgan, Gaylon D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Fritz, Allan K.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4012, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Weng, Yiqun] Univ Wisconsin, ARS, USDA, Hort Dept, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Seabourn, Brad W.] ARS, USDA, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Rudd, JC (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM JCRudd@ag.tamu.edu FU Texas A&M AgriLife Research; Texas Wheat Producers Board FX TAM 112 was developed with funding from Texas A&M AgriLife Research and Texas Wheat Producers Board. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 291 EP 297 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.03.0016crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900013 ER PT J AU Vandemark, G Muehlbauer, FJ Mihov, M Chen, W McPhee, K Chen, C AF Vandemark, G. Muehlbauer, F. J. Mihov, M. Chen, W. McPhee, K. Chen, C. TI Registration of CA0469C025C Chickpea Germplasm SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID ASCOCHYTA BLIGHT; DIDYMELLA-RABIEI; RESISTANCE; INHERITANCE; EVOLUTION AB Chickpea (Cicer arientinum L.) germplasm CA0469C025C (Reg. No. GP-295, PI 672149) was released by the USDA-ARS in 2010 based on its improved seed yield and reaction to Ascochyta blight (caused by Ascochyta rabiei) relative to the commercial cultivars Dwelley, Sierra, and Sawyer. CA04690C025C is an F-7-derived line from the cross 'Obraztsov Chiflik 1'/'Sanford'. CA0469C025C was tested in advanced yield trials for 16 location-years in the U.S. Pacific Northwest (Idaho and Washington) and four location-years in Montana. In Washington and Idaho, CA0469C025C averaged 1636 kg ha(-1), which was 17, 17, and 7% greater than Dwelley, Sierra, and Sawyer, respectively. In trials conducted in Montana, CA0469C025C averaged 1403 kg ha(-1), which was 39, 28, and 13% greater than Dwelley, Sierra, and Sawyer, respectively. The plant height index of CA0469C025C is similar to that of the three check cultivars, indicating good lodging tolerance. CA0469C025C and check cultivars were screened in field nurseries for reaction to Ascochyta blight using a scale of 1(highly resistant) to 9 (highly susceptible). The mean reaction of CA0469C025C over 4 yr was 3.6 compared with 5.7, 4.7, and 4.3, respectively, for Dwelley, Sierra, and Sawyer, indicating CA0469C025C has better resistance to Ascochyta blight. CA0469C025C produces seed that is too small for canning or fresh markets, but it will be useful as a parent for breeding efforts to increase yield and disease resistance in chickpea. C1 [Vandemark, G.; Muehlbauer, F. J.; Chen, W.] Washington State UnivP, ARS, USDA, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Mihov, M.] Dubroudja Agr Inst, Gen Toshevo 9520, Bulgaria. [McPhee, K.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Chen, C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Res Ctr, Cent Agr Res Ctr, Moccasin, MT 59462 USA. RP Vandemark, G (reprint author), Washington State UnivP, ARS, USDA, Grain Legume Genet & Physiol Res Unit, 303 Johnson Hall,POB 646434, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM george.vandemark@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS; USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council FX CA0469C025C was developed with financial support from the USDA-ARS and the USA Dry Pea and Lentil Council. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 303 EP 307 DI 10.3198/jpr2013.09.0057crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900015 ER PT J AU McCarty, JC Jenkins, JN Gutierrez, OA Hayes, RW AF McCarty, J. C., Jr. Jenkins, J. N. Gutierrez, O. A. Hayes, R. W. TI Registration of RMPAP-C4, a Random-Mated Primitive Race Accession Cotton Germplasm Population SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID UPLAND COTTON; GENETIC DIVERSITY; LINKAGE BLOCKS; FIBER TRAITS; LINES; IMPROVEMENT; COMPONENTS; BREAKUP; USA AB A random-mated population involving four cultivars of Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and 30 day-neutral primitive accessions, RMPAP-C4 (Reg. No. GP-980, PI 670133) was developed and jointly released by the USDA-ARS and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station in 2014. This population involved five cycles of random mating following the cross of 30 day-neutral primitive accessions to the conventional cultivars Sure-Grow 105, DP 393, FM 458, and ST 474. Random mating was facilitated by hand emasculation and bulk pollen methodology. The aim of this project was to incorporate alleles from day-neutral primitive accessions into a population useful to cotton breeding programs for trait improvement and genetic diversity. The mean values for agronomic traits measured following five cycles of random mating were not significantly different from those of cultivars, except for lint percentage, which was lower. Small nonsignificant changes occurred for fiber quality traits, except for fiber uniformity, which increased following random mating. Morphological trait diversity is also present in this population. This unique population should offer new genetic combinations and genetic diversity that may be useful to Upland cotton breeding programs. C1 [McCarty, J. C., Jr.; Jenkins, J. N.; Hayes, R. W.] ARS, USDA, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Gutierrez, O. A.] ARS, USDA, Miami, FL 33158 USA. RP McCarty, JC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jack.mccarty@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6406-21000-012-00D] FX The authors thank Deltapine/Monsanto for allowing the use of DP393 in this breeding project. We further thank technician Kim Gourley and the staff at the winter nursery for assistance during the laborious crossing process. This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS Project 6406-21000-012-00D. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 313 EP 317 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.01.0004crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900017 ER PT J AU Jensen, KB Robins, JG Bushman, BS Johnson, DA Stratton, SD Heaton, K AF Jensen, Kevin B. Robins, Joseph G. Bushman, B. Shaun Johnson, Douglas A. Stratton, Samuel D. Heaton, Kevin TI UTDG-101, a Late-Maturing Orchardgrass Germplasm with Increased Winter Hardiness and Forage Quality SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID COOL-SEASON GRASSES; REGISTRATION AB The USDA-ARS announces the public release of the orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) UTDG-101 germplasm (Reg. No. GP-5, PI 672006) as a late-maturing grass with excellent forage quality and increased winter tolerance for use in orchardgrass breeding programs. Selection emphasis in UTDG-101 was for late maturity, winter hardiness, and dry matter yield. UTDG-101 traces back to polycross seed that originated from crosses among four orchardgrass collections (PI 659612, PI 659613, W6 20243, and W6 20247) made within 100 km west-southwest of Zhaosu County, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. UTDG-101 is more genetically distinct than orchardgrass cultivars Paiute, Pennlate, and Benchmark. UTDG-101 has significantly (P < 0.05) longer flag leaves than the orchardgrass cultivars examined in this study. Based on mitotic root counts, UTDG-101 is an autotetraploid (2n = 4x = 28). In forage harvested May 2011, UTDG-101 had significantly higher crude protein, relative feed value, sugars, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC; sugars + fructans), and digestibility and significantly lower acid detergent fiber and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). Forage of UTDG-101 harvested July 2011 had significantly lower NDF and increased fructan, sugar, and WSC concentrations. UTDG-101 exhibited significantly less winter injury than other orchardgrass, tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.], and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) cultivars. Due to the high combining ability, late maturity, increased forage quality, and winter hardiness of UTDG-101, this source of germplasm could provide genetic resources for developing late-maturing orchardgrass with increased forage quality and reduced winter injury for management with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) mixtures or for grazing. C1 [Jensen, Kevin B.; Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Johnson, Douglas A.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Stratton, Samuel D.] FFR Cooperat, Lafayette, IN 47905 USA. [Heaton, Kevin] Utah State Univ, Panguitch, UT 84759 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 North 1100 East, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.jensen@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 318 EP 323 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.04.0018crg PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900018 ER PT J AU Qi, LL Gong, L Markell, SG Seiler, GJ Gulya, TJ Hulke, BS AF Qi, L. L. Gong, L. Markell, S. G. Seiler, G. J. Gulya, T. J. Hulke, B. S. TI Registration of Two Confection Sunflower Germplasm Lines, HA-R10 and HA-R11, Resistant to Sunflower Rust SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L.; PUCCINIA-HELIANTHI; NORTH-DAKOTA; GENE; RACES AB Two confection sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) germplasm lines, HA-R10 (Reg. No. GP-327, PI 670043) and HA-R11 (Reg. No. GP-328, PI 670044), developed by the USDA-ARS Sunflower and Plant Biology Research Unit in collaboration with the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station were released in December 2013. Both lines have resistance to sunflower rust (caused by Puccinia helianthi Schwein.), which is an emerging production issue for confection sunflower in North America due to the spread of new rust races and the lack of resistance sources. HA-R10 is a BC3F3-derived BC3F4 maintainer line of confection sunflower selected from the cross CONFSCLB1*4/HA-R2, and HA-R11 is a BC4F3-derived BC4F4 restorer line of confection sunflower selected from the cross CONFSCLR5*5/HA-R3. The rust resistance genes R-5 in HA-R10 and R-4 in HA-R11 were introduced from oilseed lines HA-R2 and HA-R3, respectively, with the two confection sunflower genetic stocks CONFSCLB1 and CONFSCLR5 as the recurrent parents. Greenhouse testing of rust resistance and DNA marker-assisted selection were used during development and progeny testing of the germplasm lines. HA-R10 and HA-R11 are morphologically similar to the recurrent parents but possess the rust resistance gene(s) transferred from oilseed sunflower. These sources will afford confection sunflower breeders an opportunity to incorporate rust resistance genes into their parental lines, thus facilitating the development of disease-resistant hybrids. C1 [Qi, L. L.; Seiler, G. J.; Gulya, T. J.; Hulke, B. S.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Gong, L.; Markell, S. G.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Qi, LL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd N, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM lili.qi@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-AMS Specialty Crop Block Grant Program [12-25-B-1480]; USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-21000-039-OOD] FX We thank Angelia Hogness and Marjorie Olson for technical assistance. This project was supported by the USDA-AMS Specialty Crop Block Grant Program 12-25-B-1480, and the USDA-ARS CRIS Project 5442-21000-039-OOD. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this report is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 3 BP 329 EP 333 DI 10.3198/jpr2014.02.0010crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA AW8ZE UT WOS:000346546900020 ER PT J AU Fu, XY Smith, D Shen, X Booth, SL AF Fu, Xueyan Smith, D. Shen, X. Booth, S. L. TI Use of Vitamin K-deficient AIN-93 Diet is an Effective Approach to Create Subclinical Vitamin K Deficiency in C57BL/6 Mice SO ANIMAL NUTRITION AND FEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bleeding; Mice; Phylloquinone; Vitamin K-deficiency ID DEUTERIUM-LABELED PHYLLOQUINONE; MENAQUINONE-4; RATS; CARBOXYLATION; CONVERSION; PLASMA; WOMEN; LIVER; MEN AB Despite the popularity of genetically modified mouse models for mechanistic studies of human disease, little is known about the vitamin K requirements for mice. In the current study, we performed a small pilot time course study to determine the least amount of time required to reduce tissue concentrations of vitamin K without causing clinical signs of deficiency, such as abnormal bleeding. Female C57BL/6 mice were acclimated with AIN-93 G diet (903.5 +/- 26.5 mu g phylloquinone/kg diet) for 1 wk and subsequently fed a vitamin K-deficient AIN-93 G diet (21.4 +/- 3.0 mu g phylloquinone/kg diet) for 0d (0D group; n=3), 7d (7D group; n=3), 14d (14D group; n=3) and 28d (28D group; n=3) while limiting coprophagy. Phylloquinone and menaquinone-4 (MK-4) concentrations were measured in serum, liver, kidney, brain, pancreas, and body fat (omental). Compared to 0D group, there was a reduction of vitamin K concentrations in all analyzed tissues within 7d (P < 0.05), with the exception of body fat. In the 28D group, vitamin K was not detectable in mouse liver, yet there were no clinical signs of vitamin Kdeficiency, including bleeding. In summary, a vitamin K deficient diet can be used to induce low vitamin K tissue concentrations within 7d. C1 [Fu, Xueyan; Smith, D.; Shen, X.; Booth, S. L.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fu, XY (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM xueyan.fu@tufts.edu FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707, 58-6250-0-008]; HNRCA pilot [DAX039] FX Supported by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreements No. 58-1950-7-707 and No. 58-6250-0-008, and the HNRCA pilot grant DAX039 (awarded to XF). NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ANIMAL NUTRITION ASSOC PI IZATNAGAR PA IVRI, IZATNAGAR, 243 122, INDIA SN 0972-2963 J9 ANIM NUTR FEED TECHN JI Anim. Nutr. Feed Technol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 14 IS 3 BP 421 EP 429 DI 10.5958/0974-181X.2014.01345.6 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AW2GI UT WOS:000346106000002 ER PT J AU Reddy, SK Liu, SY Rudd, JC Xue, QW Payton, P Finlayson, SA Mahan, J Akhunova, A Holalu, SV Lu, NY AF Reddy, Srirama Krishna Liu, Shuyu Rudd, Jackie C. Xue, Qingwu Payton, Paxton Finlayson, Scott A. Mahan, James Akhunova, Alina Holalu, Srinidhi V. Lu, Nanyan TI Physiology and transcriptomics of water-deficit stress responses in wheat cultivars TAM 111 and TAM 112 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Abscisic acid; Photosynthesis; Transcriptomics; Water-deficit stress; Wheat ID DROUGHT-STRESS; ABSCISIC-ACID; TRANSPIRATION EFFICIENCY; GRAIN NUMBER; TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; STOMATAL CLOSURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; SINK STRENGTH; PLANT-GROWTH; WINTER-WHEAT AB Hard red winter wheat crops on the U.S. Southern Great Plains often experience moderate to severe drought stress, especially during the grain filling stage, resulting in significant yield losses. Cultivars TAM 111 and TAM 112 are widely cultivated in the region, share parentage and showed superior but distinct adaption mechanisms under water-deficit (WD) conditions. Nevertheless, the physiological and molecular basis of their adaptation remains unknown. A greenhouse study was conducted to understand the differences in the physiological and transcriptomic responses of TAM 111 and TAM 112 to WD stress. Whole-plant data indicated that TAM 112 used more water, produced more biomass and grain yield under WD compared to TAM 111. Leaf-level data at the grain filling stage indicated that TAM 112 had elevated abscisic acid (ABA) content and reduced stomatal conductance and photosynthesis as compared to TAM 111. Sustained WD during the grain filling stage also resulted in greater flag leaf transcriptome changes in TAM 112 than TAM 111. Transcripts associated with photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, phytohormone metabolism, and other dehydration responses were uniquely regulated between cultivars. These results suggested a differential role for ABA in regulating physiological and transcriptomic changes associated with WD stress and potential involvement in the superior adaptation and yield of TAM 112. (C) 2014 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Reddy, Srirama Krishna; Liu, Shuyu; Rudd, Jackie C.; Xue, Qingwu] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Payton, Paxton; Mahan, James] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Finlayson, Scott A.; Holalu, Srinidhi V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Finlayson, Scott A.; Holalu, Srinidhi V.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Akhunova, Alina] Kansas State Univ, Integrated Genom Facil, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lu, Nanyan] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Bioinformat Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Liu, SY (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM SLiu@ag.tamu.edu; paxton.payton@ars.usda.gov FU Texas Wheat Producers Board, Texas A&M AgriLife Research; USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Initiative; USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Initiative [58-6209-6-033] FX are grateful to Texas A&M AgriLife Research staff Maria Fuentealba, Cody Shachter, Serina Nelson, and Peihua Yan for their help in greenhouse studies; ChorTee Tan and Li Paetzold for help with qRT-PCR; Kirk Jessup for assistance in gas exchange measurements; and Yanni Lun from Integrated Genomics Facility at Kansas State University for array hybridization. The work was supported by the Texas Wheat Producers Board, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, and the USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Initiative. The authors thank William A. Payne and Yiqun Weng for their contribution during the initial wheat project funding application to USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Initiative (Grant No. 58-6209-6-033). NR 62 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 8 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 EI 1618-1328 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 171 IS 14 BP 1289 EP 1298 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2014.05.005 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AU5EQ UT WOS:000345630400010 PM 25014264 ER PT J AU Tsuda, K Kurata, N Ohyanagi, H Hake, S AF Tsuda, Katsutoshi Kurata, Nori Ohyanagi, Hajime Hake, Sarah TI Genome-Wide Study of KNOX Regulatory Network Reveals Brassinosteroid Catabolic Genes Important for Shoot Meristem Function in Rice SO PLANT CELL LA English DT Article ID APICAL MERISTEM; HOMEOBOX GENE; CELL-DIFFERENTIATION; BIOSYNTHETIC GENE; PLANT-GROWTH; CHIP-SEQ; RNA-SEQ; ARABIDOPSIS; MAIZE; KNOTTED1 AB In flowering plants, knotted1-like homeobox (KNOX) transcription factors play crucial roles in establishment and maintenance of the shoot apical meristem (SAM), from which aerial organs such as leaves, stems, and flowers initiate. We report that a rice (Oryza sativa) KNOX gene Oryza sativa homeobox1 (OSH1) represses the brassinosteroid (BR) phytohormone pathway through activation of BR catabolism genes. Inducible overexpression of OSH1 caused BR insensitivity, whereas loss of function showed a BR-overproduction phenotype. Genome-wide identification of loci bound and regulated by OSH1 revealed hormonal and transcriptional regulation as the major function of OSH1. Among these targets, BR catabolismgenes CYP734A2, CYP734A4, and CYP734A6 were rapidly upregulated by OSH1 induction. Furthermore, RNA interference knockdown plants of CYP734A genes arrested growth of the SAM and mimicked some osh1 phenotypes. Thus, we suggest that local control of BR levels by KNOX genes is a key regulatory step in SAM function. C1 [Tsuda, Katsutoshi; Hake, Sarah] Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Plant & Microbial Biol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kurata, Nori; Ohyanagi, Hajime] Natl Inst Genet, Plant Genet Lab, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. [Kurata, Nori] Grad Univ Adv Studies, Sch Life Sci, Dept Genet, Mishima, Shizuoka 4118540, Japan. [Ohyanagi, Hajime] Mitsubishi Space Software Co, Tsukuba Div, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050032, Japan. RP Hake, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Plant & Microbial Biol Dept, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM hake@berkeley.edu FU NIFA [2012-67014-19429]; JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad FX We thank Hake laboratory members for technical advice, discussion, and critical reading of the article. We thank Masahiro Fujita for RNA-seq data registration. The work was funded by NIFA Grant 2012-67014-19429 and JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad. NR 49 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 8 U2 40 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 1040-4651 EI 1532-298X J9 PLANT CELL JI Plant Cell PD SEP PY 2014 VL 26 IS 9 BP 3488 EP 3500 DI 10.1105/tpc.114.129122 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences; Cell Biology GA AU9NF UT WOS:000345919700005 PM 25194027 ER PT J AU de Carvalho, IMVG de Queiroz, ATL de Moraes, RB Gil, HB Alves, R Viviani, ADB Becnel, JJ de Araujo-Coutinho, CJPD AF Vicente Guedes de Carvalho, Isabel Maria Lopo de Queiroz, Artur Trancoso de Moraes, Rosiane Brito Gil, Helio Benites Alves, Rafael Pinto Viviani, Andrea de Barros Becnel, James John Pereira da Cunha de Araujo-Coutinho, Carlos Jose TI Description of microsporidia in simulids: molecular and morphological characterization of microsporidia in the larvae of Simulium pertinax Kollar (Diptera: Simuliidae) SO REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL LA English DT Article DE Microsporidae; Amblyospora spp; Polydispyrenia spp; Phylogenetic analysis ID RIBOSOMAL DNA PHYLOGENY; PHYLUM MICROSPORA; NOSEMA-APIS; LIFE-CYCLE; RNA GENES; SEQUENCE; AMBLYOSPORIDAE; EVOLUTION; AIDS; ULTRASTRUCTURE AB Introduction: Microsporidia constitute the most common black fly pathogens, although the species' diversity, seasonal occurrence and transmission mechanisms remain poorly understood. Infections by this agent are often chronic and non-lethal, but they can cause reduced fecundity and decreased longevity. The objective of this study was to identify microsporidia infecting Simulium (Chirostilbia) pertinax (Kollar, 1832) larvae from Caraguatatuba, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil, by molecular and morphological characterization. Methods: Larvae were collected at a single point in a stream in a rural area of the city and were kept under artificial aeration until analysis. Polydispyrenia spp. infection was characterized by the presence of at least 32 mononuclear spores measuring 6.9 +/- 1.0 x 5.0 +/- 0.7 mu m in persistent sporophorous vesicles. Similarly, Amblyospora spp. were characterized by the presence of eight uninucleate spores measuring 4.5 x 3.5 mu m in sporophorous vesicles. Results: The molecular analysis confirmed the presence of microsporidian DNA in the 8 samples (prevalence of 0.51%). Six samples (Brazilian larvae) were related to Polydispyrenia simulii and Caudospora palustris reference sequences but in separate clusters. One sample was clustered with Amblyospora spp. Edhazardia aedis was the positive control taxon. Conclusions: Samples identified as Polydispyrenia spp. and Amblyospora spp. were grouped with P. simulii and Amblyospora spp., respectively, corroborating previous results. However, the 16S gene tree showed a considerable distance between the black fly-infecting Amblyospora spp. and the mosquito-infecting spp. This distance suggests that these two groups are not congeneric. Additional genomic region evaluation is necessary to obtain a coherent phylogeny for this group. C1 [Vicente Guedes de Carvalho, Isabel Maria] Inst Butantan, Parasitol Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Lopo de Queiroz, Artur Trancoso] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Ctr Pesquisa Goncalo Moniz, Lab Imunoparasitol, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Gil, Helio Benites] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Infectol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Moraes, Rosiane Brito; Pereira da Cunha de Araujo-Coutinho, Carlos Jose] Superintendencia Controle Endemias Estado Sao Paul, Lab Entomol Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Alves, Rafael] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pinto Viviani, Andrea de Barros] Superintendencia Controle Endemias, Lab Simulideos, Caraguatatuba, SP, Brazil. [Becnel, James John] USDA, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA. RP de Araujo-Coutinho, CJPD (reprint author), SUCEN, Lab Entomol Med, Rua Cardeal Arcoverde 2878, BR-05408003 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM cjpcacoutinho@gmail.com OI Alves da Silva, Rafael/0000-0003-3473-9412 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) [2012/23947-0] FX Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) 2012/23947-0 NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU SOC BRASILEIRA MEDICINA TROPICAL PI BRASILIA PA UNIV BRASILIA, NUCLEO MEDICINA TROPICAL E NUTRICAO, CAIXA POSTAL 4356, BRASILIA, DF 70919-970, BRAZIL SN 0037-8682 J9 REV SOC BRAS MED TRO JI Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 47 IS 5 BP 624 EP 631 DI 10.1590/0037-8682-0165-2014 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AU9LZ UT WOS:000345915700016 ER PT J AU Manamgoda, DS Rossman, AY Castlebury, LA Crous, PW Madrid, H Chukeatirote, E Hyde, KD AF Manamgoda, D. S. Rossman, A. Y. Castlebury, L. A. Crous, P. W. Madrid, H. Chukeatirote, E. Hyde, K. D. TI The genus Bipolaris SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Brown spot of rice; Field crop diseases; Graminicolous fungi; Helminthosporoid genera; molecular phylogeny; Pleosporales; Southern corn leaf blight; Taxonomy ID PLANT-PATHOGENIC FUNGI; ASCOMYCOTA PLEOSPORALES-PLEOSPORACEAE; PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION; COCHLIOBOLUS-SATIVUS; LEAF-SPOT; PERFECT STAGE; NORTH-DAKOTA; HELMINTHOSPORIUM; SOROKINIANA; CURVULARIA AB The genus Bipolaris includes important plant pathogens with worldwide distribution. Species recognition in the genus has been uncertain due to the lack of molecular data from ex-type cultures as well as overlapping morphological characteristics. In this study, we revise the genus Bipolaris based on DNA sequence data derived from living cultures of fresh isolates, available ex-type cultures from worldwide collections and observation of type and additional specimens. Combined analyses of ITS, GPDH and TEF gene sequences were used to reconstruct the molecular phylogeny of the genus Bipolaris for species with living cultures. The GPDH gene is determined to be the best single marker for species of Bipolaris. Generic boundaries between Bipolaris and Curvularia are revised and presented in an updated combined ITS and GPDH phylogenetic tree. We accept 47 species in the genus Bipolaris and clarify the taxonomy, host associations, geographic distributions and species' synonymies. Modern descriptions and illustrations are provided for 38 species in the genus with notes provided for the other taxa when recent descriptions are available. Bipolaris cynodontis, B. oryzae, B. victoriae, B. yamadae and B. zeicola are epi- or neotypified and a lectotype is designated for B. stenospila. Excluded and doubtful species are listed with notes on taxonomy and phylogeny. Seven new combinations are introduced in the genus Curvularia to accomodate the species of Bipolaris transferred based on the phylogenetic analysis. A taxonomic key is provided for the morphological identification of species within the genus. C1 [Manamgoda, D. S.; Hyde, K. D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Biodivers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Manamgoda, D. S.; Hyde, K. D.] World Agroforestry Ctr, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Manamgoda, D. S.; Rossman, A. Y.; Castlebury, L. A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MA 20705 USA. [Chukeatirote, E.; Hyde, K. D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand. [Crous, P. W.; Madrid, H.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3508 AD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Crous, P. W.] Univ Pretoria, Forestry & Agr Biotechnol Inst, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Madrid, H.] Mayor Univ, Ctr Genom & Bioinformat, Santiago, Chile. [Madrid, H.] Mayor Univ, Fac Med, Santiago, Chile. RP Hyde, KD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Biodivers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM kdhyde3@gmail.com RI Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012 OI Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [2013T2S0030]; Humidtropics, a CGIAR Research Program FX Kevin D. Hyde thanks the Chinese Academy of Sciences, project number 2013T2S0030, for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany. The Molecular Biology Center in Germplasm Bank of Wild Species at Kunming Institute of Botany is thanked for the help with molecular work. The Humidtropics, a CGIAR Research Program that aims to develop new opportunities for improved livelihoods in a sustainable environment, is thanked for partially funding this work. This work was completed at the Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory (SMML), Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture in Beltsville, MD, USA, under the direction of co-authors Lisa Castlebury and Amy Rossman. D.S.M. is grateful for the assistance of the U.S. Forest Service (USDA) in sponsoring a visiting studentship at SMML. We thank Gillian Turgeon, Stephen Rehner, Megan Romberg, William L. Bruckart, Nathan Kleczewski, Mary Barkworth (USA), Lewis Mejia (Panama), N. Nishihara, T. Tsukiboshi, (Japan) and for the fresh collections and isolates provided. Roger Shivas and Yu Pei Tan are thanked for sharing some sequences and helpful comments. The assistance of Shannon Dominick in accessing specimens at BPI and obtaining specimen loans from other herbaria is greatly appreciated. The curators and managers of BRIP, CUP, K, PREM and WSP are thanked for the loan of specimens. Dhanushka Udayanga is thanked for the comments to improve the manuscript. D.S.M. thanks all the collegues in MFLU for their various assistance. Cai Lei, Conrad Schoch and Eric McKenzie are thanked for their advice on the project. Andrew Minnis, Christian Feuillet and John Wiersema are appreciated for comments on nomenclatural clarifications. Technical support for this project was provided by Tunesha Phipps (USDA-ARS), whose assistance is greatly appreciated. NR 161 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 3 U2 28 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI UTRECHT PA PO BOX 85167, 3508 AD UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 EI 1872-9797 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PD SEP PY 2014 IS 79 BP 221 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.simyco.2014.10.002 PG 68 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AU9OS UT WOS:000345924800007 PM 25492990 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC Webb, T AF Bragg, Don C. Webb, Tom TI "As False as the Black Prince of Hades": Resurveying in Arkansas, 1849-1859 SO ARKANSAS HISTORICAL QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 [Bragg, Don C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARKANSAS HISTORICAL ASSOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA UNIV ARKANSAS, OLD MAIN 416 DEPT OF HISTORY, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 0004-1823 EI 2327-1213 J9 ARKANSAS HIST QUART JI Ark. Hist. Q. PD FAL PY 2014 VL 73 IS 3 BP 268 EP 292 PG 25 WC History SC History GA AU2ZH UT WOS:000345482400002 ER PT J AU Bae, JH Kwon, MH Kim, IH Hou, CT Kim, HR AF Bae, Jae-Han Kwon, Mi-Hyun Kim, In-Hwan Hou, Ching T. Kim, Hak-Ryul TI Purification and characterization of a cold-active lipase from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723: pH-dependant activity deviation SO BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOPROCESS ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE lipase; cold-active; Pichia lynferdii; characterization; pH-dependency ID ADAPTED LIPASE; GENE CLONING; PSYCHROPHILIC ENZYMES; MICROBIAL LIPASES; EXPRESSION; BIOREMEDIATION; PSYCHROTROPH; STABILITY; BACTERIA; SITE AB Lipases with abnormal functionalities such as high thermostability and optimal activity at extreme conditions gain special attentions because of their applicability in the restricted reaction conditions. In particular, coldactive lipases have gained special attentions in various industrial fields such as washer detergent, pharmaceutical catalyst, and production of structured lipid. However, production of cold-active lipase is mostly found from psychrophilic microorganisms. Recently we found a novel cold-active lipase from Pichia lynferdii Y-7723 which is mesophilic yeast strain. In this study, we purified the cold active lipase and the enzyme was further characterized in several parameters. The enzyme was purified with 33 purification fold using chromatographic techniques and the purified lipase represented maximum lipolytic activity at 15A degrees C and the maximum activity was highly dependent on pH. C1 [Bae, Jae-Han; Kwon, Mi-Hyun; Kim, Hak-Ryul] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. [Kim, In-Hwan] Korea Univ, Dept Food & Nutr, Coll Hlth Sci, Seoul 136703, South Korea. [Hou, Ching T.] ARS, Renewable Product Technol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Bae, JH (reprint author), Kyungpook Natl Univ, Sch Food Sci & Biotechnol, Taegu 702701, South Korea. EM hakrkim@knu.ac.kr FU Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2010-0023701] FX This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (2010-0023701). NR 38 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 18 PU KOREAN SOC BIOTECHNOLOGY & BIOENGINEERING PI SEOUL PA KOREAN SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY CENTER, #704 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-KU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1226-8372 EI 1976-3816 J9 BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E JI Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 19 IS 5 BP 851 EP 857 DI 10.1007/s12257-014-0300-5 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA AU0UM UT WOS:000345340300012 ER PT J AU Zhou, HF Lan, TQ Dien, BS Hector, RE Zhu, JY AF Zhou, Haifeng Lan, Tianqing Dien, Bruce S. Hector, Ronald E. Zhu, J. Y. TI Comparisons of Five Saccharomyces cerevisiae Strains for Ethanol Production from SPORL-Pretreated Lodgepole Pine SO BIOTECHNOLOGY PROGRESS LA English DT Article DE yeast fermentation; inhibitors; toxicity; pretreatment; ethanol ID ENHANCE ENZYMATIC SACCHARIFICATION; GENETICALLY-ENGINEERED STRAIN; INHIBITORY COMPOUNDS; XYLOSE FERMENTATION; BIOMASS; PH; LIGNOCELLULOSES; LIGNOSULFONATE; LIGNIN; YEASTS AB The performances of five yeast strains under three levels of toxicity were evaluated using hydrolysates from lodgepole pine pretreated by Sulfite Pretreatment to Overcome the Recalcitrance of Lignocelluloses (SPORL). The highest level of toxicity was represented by the whole pretreated biomass slurry, while intermediate toxicity was represented by the hydrolysate with partial loading of pretreatment spent liquor. The zero toxicity was represented using the enzymatic hydrolysate produced from thoroughly washed SPORL lodgepole pine solids. The results indicate that strains D5A and YRH400 can tolerate the whole pretreated biomass slurry to produce 90.1 and 73.5% theoretical ethanol yield. Strains Y1528, YRH403, and FPL450 did not grow in whole hydrolysate cultures and were observed to have lower ethanol productivities than D5A and YRH400 on the hydrolysate with intermediate toxicity. Both YRH400 and YRH403 were genetically engineered for xylose fermentation but were not able to consume xylose efficiently in hydrolysate. (C) 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers C1 [Zhou, Haifeng] S China Univ Technol, Sch Chem Chem Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhou, Haifeng; Lan, Tianqing; Zhu, J. Y.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53532 USA. [Lan, Tianqing] Kunming Polytech Univ, Sch Light Ind & Food Sci, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Dien, Bruce S.; Hector, Ronald E.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Zhu, JY (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53532 USA. EM bruce.dien@ars.usda.gov; jzhu@fs.fed.us OI Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 FU USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project [2010-33610-21589] FX This work was supported by a USDA Small Business Innovative Research (SBIR) Phase II project (Contract Number: 2010-33610-21589) to Biopulping International, the Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC). The funding from these programs made the visiting appointment of Zhou and Lan at the USDA Forest Products Laboratory (FPL) possible. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 8756-7938 EI 1520-6033 J9 BIOTECHNOL PROGR JI Biotechnol. Prog. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 30 IS 5 BP 1076 EP 1083 DI 10.1002/btpr.1937 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AU3IE UT WOS:000345505000011 PM 24930449 ER PT J AU Bornhorst, GM Rutherfurd, SM Roman, MJ Burri, BJ Moughan, PJ Singh, RP AF Bornhorst, Gail M. Rutherfurd, Shane M. Roman, Maxine J. Burri, Betty J. Moughan, Paul J. Singh, R. Paul TI Gastric pH Distribution and Mixing of Soft and Rigid Food Particles in the Stomach using a Dual-Marker Technique SO FOOD BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Mixing; pH; Gastric digestion; In vivo; Particle movement; Mixing index ID IN-VIVO; COOKED BROWN; WHITE RICE; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; DIGESTION; SIZE; DIGESTIBILITY; CHYME; SWINE; WATER AB Mixing of a particle-laden material during peristaltic flow in the stomach has not been quantified in vivo. Gastric mixing plays a key role in the digestion process; it determines the availability of acid and enzymes to individual food particles and controls the length of time particles will spend in the antral region, where they are subjected to mechanical breakdown from antral contraction waves. Solid particle mixing has been quantified using a dual-indigestible marker technique (TiO2 and Cr2O3) in soft (cooked brown and white rice) and rigid (raw and roasted almonds) particle meals fed to growing pigs. All meals consisted of two portions. Each portion was separately marked by one of the two indigestible markers, and the portions were sequentially fed to the pigs. At time periods ranging from 20 to 720 min after completion of the meal, ten intragastric chyme samples were taken from each pig to determine the marker concentration and pH value. Gastric pH was not homogeneous throughout the stomach and varied over time, with differences observed between soft and rigid meals (p<0.0001). The total percentage of each meal that was mixed was calculated using a statistically-based mixing index (M). White rice had the greatest amount of mixing, becoming 94 % mixed after 480 min of digestion compared to 72 % mixing for brown rice. Rigid particles underwent a slower mixing process and only arrived at 65 and 71 % mixing after 720 min for raw and roasted almonds, respectively. Meal composition plays a role in the overall meal mixing during gastric digestion. C1 [Bornhorst, Gail M.; Roman, Maxine J.; Singh, R. Paul] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Rutherfurd, Shane M.; Moughan, Paul J.; Singh, R. Paul] Massey Univ, Riddet Inst, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Burri, Betty J.] USDA, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Singh, RP (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM rpsingh@ucdavis.edu FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA - National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-35503-05195] FX This project was partially supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative grant 2009-35503-05195 from the USDA - National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1858 EI 1557-1866 J9 FOOD BIOPHYS JI Food Biophys. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 9 IS 3 BP 292 EP 300 DI 10.1007/s11483-014-9354-3 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AU5HD UT WOS:000345636700012 ER PT J AU Bannantine, JP Hines, ME Bermudez, LE Talaat, AM Sreevatsan, S Stabel, JR Chang, YF Coussens, PM Barletta, RG Davis, WC Collins, DM Grohn, YT Kapur, V AF Bannantine, John P. Hines, Murray E., II Bermudez, Luiz E. Talaat, Adel M. Sreevatsan, Srinand Stabel, Judith R. Chang, Yung-Fu Coussens, Paul M. Barletta, Raul G. Davis, William C. Collins, Desmond M. Groehn, Yrjoe T. Kapur, Vivek TI A rational framework for evaluating the next generation of vaccines against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Johne's disease; Mycobacterium; vaccines; attenuated; transposons; animal models; genomics ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINE; FARMED RED DEER; JOHNES-DISEASE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; DAIRY HERDS; KILLED VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; CAPRINE MODEL; LYMPH-NODES AB Since the early 1980s, several investigations have focused on developing a vaccine against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), the causative agent of Johne's disease in cattle and sheep. These studies used whole-cell inactivated vaccines that have proven useful in limiting disease progression, but have not prevented infection. In contrast, modified live vaccines that invoke a Th1 type immune response, may improve protection against infection. Spurred by recent advances in the ability to create defined knockouts in MAP several independent laboratories have developed modified live vaccine candidates by transpositional mutation of virulence and metabolic genes in MAP In order to accelerate the process of identification and comparative evaluation of the most promising modified live MAP vaccine candidates, members of a multi-institutional USDA-funded research consortium, the Johne's disease integrated program (JDIP), met to establish a standardized testing platform using agreed upon protocols. A total of 22 candidates vaccine strains developed in five independent laboratories in the United States and New Zealand voluntarily entered into a double blind stage gated trial pipeline. In Phase I, the survival characteristics of each candidate were determined in bovine macrophages. Attenuated strains moved to Phase II, where tissue colonization of C57/BL6 mice were evaluated in a challenge model. In Phase III, five promising candidates from Phase I and II were evaluated for their ability to reduce fecal shedding, tissue colonization and pathology in a baby goat challenge model. Formation of a multi-institutional consortium for vaccine strain evaluation has revealed insights for the implementation of vaccine trials for Johne's disease and other animal pathogens. We conclude by suggesting the best way forward based on this 3-phase trial experience and challenge the rationale for use of a macrophage-to-mouse-to native host pipeline for MAP vaccine development. C1 [Bannantine, John P.; Stabel, Judith R.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Hines, Murray E., II] Univ Georgia, Tifton Vet Diagnost & Invest Lab, Tifton, GA USA. [Bermudez, Luiz E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bermudez, Luiz E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Talaat, Adel M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Talaat, Adel M.] Cairo Univ, Dept Food Hyg, Cairo, Egypt. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, Vet Populat Med Dept, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Chang, Yung-Fu; Groehn, Yrjoe T.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Med & Diagnost Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Coussens, Paul M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Lansing, MI USA. [Barletta, Raul G.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Lincoln, NE USA. [Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Collins, Desmond M.] AgResearch, Wallaceville, New Zealand. [Kapur, Vivek] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Bannantine, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.bannantine@ars.usda.gov; vkapur@psu.edu OI Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898 FU USDA-CAP program; Johne's Disease Integrated Program; USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services FX This study was supported by the USDA-CAP program entitled the Johne's Disease Integrated Program and also by USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services. We also thank the testing institutions against which some resources were leveraged. No endorsements of reagents or equipment are implied in these studies. Special thanks are given for the expert technical assistance of Robab Katani and Ling ling Li who performed many behind the scenes experiments to keep these trials moving along. NR 71 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 4 AR 126 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00126 PG 11 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AU3GU UT WOS:000345501300009 PM 25250245 ER PT J AU Ibekwe, AM Ma, JC Crowley, DE Yang, CH Johnson, AM Petrossian, TC Lum, PY AF Ibekwe, Abasiofiok M. Ma, Jincai Crowley, David E. Yang, Ching-Hong Johnson, Alexis M. Petrossian, Tanya C. Lum, Pek Y. TI Topological data analysis of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and non-O157 survival in soils SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Shiga toxin; contamination; survival time; fresh produce; organic; conventional ID MANURE-AMENDED SOIL; FRESH PRODUCE; UNITED-STATES; O157-H7; PERSISTENCE; PCR; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; DIVERSITY AB Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157:H7 and non-O157 have been implicated in many foodborne illnesses caused by the consumption of contaminated fresh produce. However, data on their persistence in soils are limited due to the complexity in datasets generated from different environmental variables and bacterial taxa. There is a continuing need to distinguish the various environmental variables and different bacterial groups to understand the relationships among these factors and the pathogen survival. Using an approach called Topological Data Analysis (TDA); we reconstructed the relationship structure of E. coli O157 and non-O157 survival in 32 soils (16 organic and 16 conventionally managed soils) from California (CA) and Arizona (AZ) with a multi-resolution output. In our study, we took a community approach based on total soil microbiome to study community level survival and examining the network of the community as a whole and the relationship between its topology and biological processes. TDA produces a geometric representation of complex data sets. Network analysis showed that Shiga toxin negative strain E. coli O157:H7 4554 survived significantly longer in comparison to E. coli O157:H7 EDL 933, while the survival time of E. coli O157:NM was comparable to that of E. coli O157:H7 EDL 933 in all of the tested soils. Two non-O157 strains, E. coli O26:H11 and E. coli O103:H2 survived much longer than E. coli O91:H21 and the three strains of E. coli O157. We show that there are complex interactions between E. coli strain survival, microbial community structures, and soil parameters. C1 [Ibekwe, Abasiofiok M.; Ma, Jincai] USDA ARS, Us Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Ma, Jincai; Crowley, David E.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Yang, Ching-Hong] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Johnson, Alexis M.; Petrossian, Tanya C.; Lum, Pek Y.] Ayasdi Inc, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Ibekwe, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Us Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM mark.ibekwe@ars.usda.gov RI Ma, Jincai/D-1290-2013 OI Ma, Jincai/0000-0002-0792-0251 FU CSREES NIFA [2008-35201-18709]; USDA-ARS FX This research was supported by CSREES NIFA Agreement No., 2008-35201-18709 and the 214 Manure and Byproduct Utilization Project of the USDA-ARS. We thank Drs Jorge Fonseca of the University of Arizona Yuma, Mark Trent, UC-Davis, Imperial Agricultural Experiment Station, and James McCreight of USDA-ARS Salinas CA for providing soil samples for this study. We also thank Damon Baptista for technical help. Mention of trademark or propriety products in this manuscript does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the property by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 4 AR 122 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00122 PG 11 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AU3GU UT WOS:000345501300005 PM 25250242 ER PT J AU Johnston, CD Bannantine, JP Govender, R Endersen, L Pletzer, D Weingart, H Coffey, A O'Mahony, J Sleator, RD AF Johnston, Christopher D. Bannantine, John P. Govender, Rodney Endersen, Lorraine Pletzer, Daniel Weingart, Helge Coffey, Aidan O'Mahony, Jim Sleator, Roy D. TI Enhanced expression of codon optimized Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis antigens in Lactobacillus salivarius SO FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE MAP antigens; MptD; MMP; codon optimization; expression host; paratuberculosis; MAP vaccine; Johne's disease ID 35 KDA PROTEIN; 35-KILODALTON PROTEIN; RECOMBINANT PROTEINS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; DIABETES-MELLITUS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; VACCINE; INFECTION; SYSTEM AB It is well documented that open reading frames containing high GC content show poor expression in A+T rich hosts. Specifically, G+C-rich codon usage is a limiting factor in heterologous expression of Mycobacterium aviumsubsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) proteins using Lactobacillus salivarius. However, re-engineering opening reading frames through synonymous substitutions can offset codon bias and greatly enhance MAP protein production in this host. In this report, we demonstrate that codon-usage manipulation of MAP2121c can enhance the heterologous expression of the major membrane protein (MMP), analogous to the form in which it is produced natively by MAP bacilli. When heterologously over-expressed, antigenic determinants were preserved in synthetic MMP proteins as shown by monoclonal antibody mediated ELISA. Moreover, MMP is a membrane protein in MAP which is also targeted to the cellular surface of recombinant L. salivarius at levels comparable to MAP Additionally, we previously engineered MAP3733c (encoding MptD) and show herein that MptD displays the tendency to associate with the cytoplasmic membrane boundary under confocal microscopy and the intracellularly accumulated protein selectively adheres to the MptD-specific bacteriophage fMptD. This work demonstrates there is potential for L. salivarius as a viable antigen delivery vehicle for MAP which may provide an effective mucosal vaccine against Johne's disease. C1 [Johnston, Christopher D.; Govender, Rodney; Endersen, Lorraine; Coffey, Aidan; O'Mahony, Jim; Sleator, Roy D.] Cork Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Cork, Ireland. [Bannantine, John P.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Pletzer, Daniel; Weingart, Helge] Jacobs Univ Bremen, Sch Sci & Engn, D-28759 Bremen, Germany. RP O'Mahony, J (reprint author), Cork Inst Technol, Dept Biol Sci, Rossa Ave, Cork, Ireland. EM jim.omahony@cit.ie RI Pletzer, Daniel/G-5737-2013; OI Pletzer, Daniel/0000-0001-5750-7505; Bannantine, John/0000-0002-5692-7898; Sleator, Roy/0000-0001-5846-3938 FU Irish Government; Food Institutional Research Measure (FIRM) [08RDCIT617]; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX The author's acknowledge the financial assistance of the Irish Government through funding under the Food Institutional Research Measure (FIRM) grant 08RDCIT617 as well as the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND SN 2235-2988 J9 FRONT CELL INFECT MI JI Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 4 AR 120 DI 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00120 PG 11 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA AU3GU UT WOS:000345501300003 PM 25237653 ER PT J AU Stigger, AL Estima-Silva, P Fiss, L Coelho, ACB Santos, BL Gardner, DR Marcolongo-Pereira, C Schild, AL AF Stigger, Adriana Lucke Estima-Silva, Pablo Fiss, Leticia Coelho, Ana Carolina B. Santos, Bianca L. Gardner, Dale R. Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton Schild, Ana Lucia TI Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (Asteraceae): a new cause of seneciosis in cattle in the south of Rio Grande do Sul SO PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA LA Portuguese DT Article ID BRAZIL C1 [Stigger, Adriana Lucke; Estima-Silva, Pablo; Fiss, Leticia; Coelho, Ana Carolina B.; Santos, Bianca L.] Univ Fed Pelotas UFPel, FV, Curso Posgrad Vet, BR-96015560 Pelotas, RS, Brazil. [Gardner, Dale R.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton; Schild, Ana Lucia] CNPq, Lab Reg Diagnost, FV UFPel, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. RP Schild, AL (reprint author), CNPq, Lab Reg Diagnost, FV UFPel, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM alschild@rerra.com.br RI Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/G-1567-2014 OI Marcolongo-Pereira, Clairton/0000-0002-5593-3110 NR 15 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU REVISTA PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA PI RIO JANEIRO PA EMBRAPA-SAUDE ANIMAL, KM47 SEROPEDICA, 23851-970 RIO JANEIRO, BRAZIL SN 0100-736X EI 1678-5150 J9 PESQUI VET BRASIL JI Pesqui. Vet. Bras. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 34 IS 9 BP 851 EP 855 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AU4MQ UT WOS:000345585800008 ER PT J AU Vories, ED Jones, AS Sudduth, KA Drummond, ST Benson, NR AF Vories, E. D. Jones, A. S. Sudduth, K. A. Drummond, S. T. Benson, N. R. TI SENSING NITROGEN REQUIREMENTS FOR IRRIGATED AND RAINFED COTTON SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Cotton; Irrigation; Nitrogen; Nitrogen management; NDVI; Water management ID USE EFFICIENCY; CANOPY REFLECTANCE; LEAF NITROGEN; PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; TEMPORAL VARIATION; YIELD; CORN; CHLOROPHYLL; MANAGEMENT; FERTILIZATION AB Crop canopy sensor-based nitrogen (N) recommendations have been established for grain crops including corn and wheat, but less information exists for using these sensors in cotton. Further, little is known about the impact of crop water stress on sensor-based recommendations. To address these problems, a field experiment was conducted in 2010-2012 at the University of Missouri Fisher Delta Research Center to investigate the performance of crop canopy sensors and the timing of sensor data collection for both irrigated and rainfed cotton receiving different N rates and timings of N application. Eleven N treatments were included, with total N ranging from 0 to 134 kg ha(-1) and application timings from preplant to 10 days after first flower. A data collection platform including sensors for visible and near-infrared canopy reflectance, crop height, and canopy temperature was driven through the plots once preflower and once postflower each season. While growing degree days indicated that air temperatures were similar all three years, rainfall varied, which is typical for the Mid-South region. Which in-season (e.g., sensor readings) and end-of-season (e.g., yield and quality) factors were statistically significant varied considerably among years. For irrigation: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) - calculated from the reflectance measurements, height, temperature, yield, turnout, micronaire, length, uniformity, and strength all exhibited significant differences, but none were consistent over all three years of the study. Similarly, NDVI, height, yield, turnout, and micronaire exhibited significant N-treatment effects but none were consistent over all three years. The lack of N response for some of the sensor data was affected by the fact that not all of the N treatments had been applied when the sensor data were collected, especially for the preflower readings. However, the lack of significant irrigation-by-N treatment interactions suggests that the same N relationship exists in water-stressed and non-stressed cotton, which will greatly improve the utility of the resulting N recommendations. When the data from all three years were combined in a correlation analysis, only correlations between yield and both postflower NDVI and height and between uniformity and both postflower NDVI and temperature had vertical bar r vertical bar > 0.5. However, as more data are collected and additional variables are investigated the relationship between in-season and end-of-season observations should improve. While these data demonstrate that in-season sensor measurements can detect differences in water and N status for cotton that result in end-of-season differences in yield and fiber properties, further research, including evaluation of additional sensors, is needed before real-time N-application algorithms that account for the effects of drought stress can be established C1 [Vories, E. D.] USDA ARS, Portageville, MO USA. [Jones, A. S.] Univ Missouri, Portageville, MO USA. [Sudduth, K. A.; Drummond, S. T.] USDA ARS, Columbia, MO USA. [Benson, N. R.] Univ Arkansas, Blytheville, AR USA. RP Vories, ED (reprint author), POB 160, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. EM Earl.Vories@ars.usda.gov FU Missouri cotton producers through Cotton Incorporated FX Research funded by Missouri cotton producers through Cotton Incorporated. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 30 IS 5 BP 707 EP 716 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AT9NX UT WOS:000345254900003 ER PT J AU Bush, KJ Heflin, KR Marek, GW Bryant, TC Auvermann, BW AF Bush, K. J. Heflin, K. R. Marek, G. W. Bryant, T. C. Auvermann, B. W. TI INCREASING STOCKING DENSITY REDUCES EMISSIONS OF FUGITIVE DUST FROM CATTLE FEEDYARDS SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE Abatement; AERMOD; Cattle spacing; Cross-fencing; Emission factor; Emission flux; Emissions; Feedlot; Feedyard; Fugitive dust; Particulate matter; Reduction; Stocking density ID FEEDLOT CATTLE; DAIRY-CATTLE; PNEUMONIA; BEHAVIOR; KANSAS AB The moisture and compaction dynamics of an open-lot corral surface in a cattle feedyard depend strongly on the spatial density at which the animals are stocked. Because the moisture content and bulk density of the corral surface directly influence its intrinsic dust susceptibility, emission of fugitive dust from a feedyard surface should be sensitive to changes in stocking density. In the summer of 2012 we measured airborne dust concentrations upwind and downwind of feedyard pens stocked at two different densities, 718 (control) and 1,435 hd ha(-1), over a 160-d feeding period. Doubled stocking density was achieved in two different ways, by (A) confining cattle to half the pen area using electric-cross fencing and (B) doubling the number of cattle in the pens. Path-averaged dust concentrations were measured upwind and downwind of feedyard pens using an optical particle sizer (OPS model 3330, TSI Inc., Shoreview, Minn) and an earlier-model optical sensor (model DUSTTRAK II 8530, TSI Inc., Shoreview, Minn.) mounted on mobile monitoring platforms. Because the monitoring platforms used different instruments, during the data analysis phase DUSTTRAK data were compared only to DUSTTRAK data, and OPS data were compared only to OPS data. Downwind 1-min concentrations of dust varied from 1 to 4,478 mu g m(-3) for the control pens, 1 to 2,431 mu g m(-3) for the pens with cross-fencing (treatment A), and 1 to 2,872 mu g m(-3) for the pens with twice as many cattle as the control pens (treatment B). Dispersion modeling using AERMOD revealed that the apparent dust-emission fluxes from treatments A and B were 79.4% and 80.6% lower, respectively, than the apparent emission flux from the control pens (23.45 mu g m(-2) s(-1) We conclude that stocking-density manipulation is likely to be a viable Beneficial Management Practice (BMP) for controlling fugitive dust from open-lot cattle feedyards but that improved, path-averaged monitoring techniques appropriate to the feedyard source geometry are needed. C1 [Bush, K. J.; Heflin, K. R.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Marek, G. W.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Bryant, T. C.] JBS Five Rivers Cattle Feeding, Greeley, CO USA. [Auvermann, B. W.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Biol & Agr Engn Dept, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. RP Bush, KJ (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM kjbush@ag.tamu.edu FU JBS Five Rivers Cattle Feeding; United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute for Food and Agriculture [2010-34466-20739]; Texas A&M AgriLife Research FX The authors acknowledge the direct funding and in-kind contributions from JBS Five Rivers Cattle Feeding, the United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute for Food and Agriculture (contract no. 2010-34466-20739), and Texas A&M AgriLife Research. JBS Five Rivers Cattle Feeding also provided significant logistical and personnel support for field operations. The authors also thank Tom McDonald, Brad Wilhite, and Brad Lubbers for their assistance with this project. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 EI 1943-7838 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 30 IS 5 BP 815 EP 824 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AT9NX UT WOS:000345254900014 ER PT J AU Spackman, E Wan, XF Kapczynski, D Xu, YF Pantin-Jackwood, M Suarez, DL Swayne, D AF Spackman, Erica Wan, Xiu-Feng Kapczynski, Darrell Xu, Yifei Pantin-Jackwood, Mary Suarez, David L. Swayne, David TI Potency, Efficacy, and Antigenic Mapping of H7 Avian Influenza Virus Vaccines Against the 2012 H7N3 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus from Mexico SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; H7N3; vaccine potency; vaccine efficacy ID RECOMBINANT FOWLPOX; GENETIC EVOLUTION; PROTECT CHICKENS; H5; CARTOGRAPHY; POULTRY; STRAIN; PCR AB In the spring of 2012 an outbreak of H7N3 highly pathogenic (HP) avian influenza virus (AIV) occurred in poultry in Mexico. Vaccination was implemented as a control measure, along with increased biosecurity and surveillance. At that time there was no commercially available H7 AIV vaccine in North America; therefore, a recent H7N3 wild bird isolate of low pathogenicity from Mexico (A/cinnamon teal/Mexico/2817/2006 H7N3) was selected and utilized as the vaccine seed strain. In these studies, the potency and efficacy of this vaccine strain was evaluated in chickens against challenge with the 2012 Jalisco H7N3 HPAIV. Although vaccine doses of 256 and 102 hemagglutinating units (HAU) per bird decreased morbidity and mortality significantly compared to sham vaccinates, a dose of 512 HAU per bird was required to prevent mortality and morbidity completely. Additionally, the efficacy of 11 other H7 AIV vaccines and an antigenic map of hemagglutination inhibition assay data with all the vaccines and challenge viruses were evaluated, both to identify other potential vaccine strains and to characterize the relationship between genetic and antigenic distance with protection against this HPAIV. Several other isolates provided adequate protection against the 2012 Jalisco H7N3 lineage, but antigenic and genetic differences were not clear indicators of protection because the immunogenicity of the vaccine seed strain was also a critical factor. C1 [Spackman, Erica; Kapczynski, Darrell; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary; Suarez, David L.; Swayne, David] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Wan, Xiu-Feng; Xu, Yifei] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Basic Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Spackman, E (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Erica.spackman@ars.usda.gov FU USDA/ARS CRIS project [6612-32000-063-00D] FX We are grateful to Scott Lee, Michele Edenfield and Kira Moresco for their technical assistance with this work. We also gratefully acknowledge our colleagues at SENASICA-SAGARPA in Mexico for supplying the viruses from Mexico used in this work. The work was supported by USDA/ARS CRIS project no. 6612-32000-063-00D. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this manuscript is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 58 IS 3 BP 359 EP 366 PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT4ZI UT WOS:000344952500004 PM 25518428 ER PT J AU Brown, J Stallknecht, D Lebarbenchon, C Swayne, D AF Brown, Justin Stallknecht, David Lebarbenchon, Camille Swayne, David TI Survivability of Eurasian H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses in Water Varies Between Strains SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; H5N1; highly pathogenic; persistence; survivability; water ID A VIRUSES; HONG-KONG; PERSISTENCE; DUCKS; TEMPERATURE; EVOLUTION; SALINITY; PH AB Aquatic habitats play a critical role in the transmission and maintenance of low-pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses in wild waterfowl; however, the importance of these environments in the ecology of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses is unknown. In laboratory-based studies, LPAI viruses can remain infective for extended durations (months) in water, but the persistence is strongly dependent on water conditions (temperature, salinity, pH) and virus strain. Little is known about the stability of H5N1 HPAI viruses in water. With the use of an established laboratory model system, the persistence of 11 strains of H5N1 HPAI virus was measured in buffered distilled water (pH 7.2) at two temperatures (17 and 28 C) and three salinities (0, 15,000, and 30,000 ppm). There was extensive variation between the 11 H5N1 HPAI virus strains in the overall stability in water, with a range similar to that which has been reported for wild-bird-origin LPAI viruses. The H5N1 HPAI virus strains responded similarly to different water temperatures and salinities, with all viruses being most stable at colder temperatures and fresh to brackish salinities. These results indicate that the overall stability and response of H5N1 HPAI viruses in water is similar to LPAI viruses, and suggest there has been no increase or loss of environmental survivability in H5N1 HPAI viruses. C1 [Brown, Justin; Stallknecht, David; Lebarbenchon, Camille] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lebarbenchon, Camille] Univ Reunion Isl, St Denis 97715, Reunion. [Swayne, David] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Stallknecht, D (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dstall@uga.edu FU Centers for Disease Control [1U19Cl0004501]; Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory [58-6612-2-0220]; Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study [58-6612-2-0220]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200700007C] FX Funding for this work was provided by Cooperative Agreement 1U19Cl0004501 with the Centers for Disease Control, Cooperative Agreement 58-6612-2-0220 between the Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory and the Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract HHSN266200700007C. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of any of the funding agencies. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 6 U2 21 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 EI 1938-4351 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 58 IS 3 BP 453 EP 457 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AT4ZI UT WOS:000344952500017 PM 25518441 ER PT J AU Rodhouse, TJ Irvine, KM Sheley, RL Smith, BS Hoh, S Esposito, DM Mata-Gonzalez, R AF Rodhouse, Thomas J. Irvine, Kathryn M. Sheley, Roger L. Smith, Brenda S. Hoh, Shirley Esposito, Daniel M. Mata-Gonzalez, Ricardo TI Predicting foundation bunchgrass species abundances: model-assisted decision-making in protected-area sagebrush steppe SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Achnatherum thurberianum; Bromus tectorum; decision-making; invasive plants; monitoring; national parks; Poa secunda; predictive modeling; proportional odds logistic regression; Pseudoroegneria spicata; sagebrush; Taeniatherum caput-medusae ID INVASIVE-PLANT MANAGEMENT; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; NATURAL-RESOURCES; DESERT SHRUBLANDS; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; RANGELAND; FIRE; RESTORATION AB Foundation species are structurally dominant members of ecological communities that can stabilize ecological processes and influence resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion. Being common, they are often overlooked for conservation but are increasingly threatened from land use change, biological invasions, and over-exploitation. The pattern of foundation species abundances over space and time may be used to guide decision-making, particularly in protected areas for which they are iconic. We used ordinal logistic regression to identify the important environmental influences on the abundance patterns of bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), Thurber's needlegrass (Achnatherum thurberianum), and Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda) in protected-area sagebrush steppe. We then predicted bunchgrass abundances along gradients of topography, disturbance, and invasive annual grass abundance. We used model predictions to prioritize the landscape for implementation of a management and restoration decision-support tool. Models were fit to categorical estimates of grass cover obtained from an extensive ground-based monitoring dataset. We found that remnant stands of abundant wheatgrass and bluegrass were associated with steep north-facing slopes in higher and more remote portions of the landscape outside of recently burned areas where invasive annual grasses were less abundant. These areas represented only 25% of the landscape and were prioritized for protection efforts. Needlegrass was associated with south-facing slopes, but in low abundance and in association with invasive cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum). Abundances of all three species were strongly negatively correlated with occurrence of another invasive annual grass, medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae). The rarity of priority bunchgrass stands underscored the extent of degradation and the need for prioritization. We found no evidence that insularity reduced invasibility; annual grass invasion represents a serious threat to protected-area bunchgrass communities. Our study area was entirely within the Wyoming big sagebrush ecological zone, understood to have inherently low resilience to disturbance and resistance to weed invasion. However, our study revealed important variation in abundance of the foundation species associated with resilience and resistance along the topographic-soil moisture gradient within this zone, providing an important foothold for conservation decision-making in these steppe ecosystems. We found the foundation species focus a parsimonious strategy linking monitoring to decision-making via biogeographic modeling. C1 [Rodhouse, Thomas J.] Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, Bend, OR 97701 USA. [Irvine, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Sheley, Roger L.; Smith, Brenda S.] ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Hoh, Shirley] Natl Pk Serv, John Day Fossil Beds Natl Monument, Kimberly, OR 97848 USA. [Esposito, Daniel M.; Mata-Gonzalez, Ricardo] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Rodhouse, TJ (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, 63095 Deschutes Market Rd, Bend, OR 97701 USA. EM Tom_Rodhouse@nps.gov OI Rodhouse, Thomas/0000-0001-5953-9113 FU National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; John Day Fossil Beds National Monument; USDA Agricultural Research Service FX G. Dicus and M. Lonneker provided data management and GIS support. J. Yeo was instrumental to the development of the monitoring program and made valuable suggestions throughout the study. Funding for this project was provided by the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program, the John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, and the USDA Agricultural Research Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 35 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 9 AR 108 DI 10.1890/ES14-00169.1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DM UT WOS:000345097000005 ER PT J AU Suseela, V Triebwasser-Freese, D Linscheid, N Morgan, JA Tharayil, N AF Suseela, Vidya Triebwasser-Freese, Daniella Linscheid, Nora Morgan, Jack A. Tharayil, Nishanth TI Litters of photosynthetically divergent grasses exhibit differential metabolic responses to warming and elevated CO2 SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Bouteloua gracilis; climate change; drought; elevated CO2; environmental stress; infrared spectroscopy; metabolomics; Pascopyrum smithii; phenolic compounds; Prairie Heating and CO2 Enrichment (PHACE); soil carbon; warming ID ACUTE HEAT-STRESS; CELL-WALL; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESORPTION EFFICIENCY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; TEMPERATURE STRESS; PERENNIAL GRASS; CARBON-DIOXIDE; L. SEEDLINGS AB Climatic stress such as warming would alter physiological pathways in plants leading to changes in tissue chemistry. Elevated CO2 could partly mitigate warming induced moisture stress, and the degree of this mitigation may vary with plant functional types. We studied the composition of structural and non-structural metabolites in senesced tissues of Bouteloua gracilis (C-4) and Pascopyrum smithii (C3) at the Prairie Heating and CO2 Enrichment experiment, Wyoming, USA. We hypothesized that P. smithii and B. gracilis would respond to unfavorable global change factors by producing structural metabolites and osmoregulatory compounds that are necessary to combat stress. However, due to the inherent variation in the tolerance of their photosynthetic pathways to warming and CO2, we hypothesized that these species will exhibit differential response under different combinations of warming and CO2 conditions. Due to a lower thermo-tolerance of the C4 photosynthesis we expected B. gracilis to exhibit a greater metabolic response under warming with ambient CO2 (cT) and P. smithii to exhibit a similar response under warming combined with elevated CO2 (CT). Our hypothesis was supported by the differential response of structural compounds in these two species, where cT increased the content of lignin and cuticular-matrix in B. gracilis. In P. smithii a similar response was observed in plants exposed to CT, possibly due to the partial alleviation of moisture stress. With warming, the total cell-wall bound phenolic acids that cross link polysaccharides to lignins increased in B. gracilis and decreased in P. smithii, indicating a potentially adaptive response of C4 pathway to warming alone. Similarly, in B. gracilis, extractable polar metabolites such as sugars and phenolic acids increased with the main effect of warming. Conversely, in P. smithii, only sugars showed a higher abundance in plants exposed to warming treatments indicating that warming alone might be metabolically too disruptive for the C3 photosynthetic pathway. Here we show for the first time, that along with traditionally probed extractable metabolites, warming and elevated CO2 differentially influence the structural metabolites in litters of photosynthetically divergent grass species. If these unique metabolite responses occur in other species of similar functional types, this could potentially alter carbon cycling in grasslands due to the varying degradability of these litters. C1 [Suseela, Vidya; Triebwasser-Freese, Daniella; Tharayil, Nishanth] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Linscheid, Nora] Univ Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Morgan, Jack A.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Suseela, V (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM ntharay@clemson.edu OI Tharayil, Nishanth /0000-0001-6866-0804 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB-1145993]; NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology [DBI-1306607]; Research Internship in Science and Engineering Fellowship from German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD); United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils and Emission Program USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program [2008-35107-18655]; US Department of Energy Office of Science (BER), through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program [DE-SC0006973]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1021559] FX We thank D. LeCain for managing the PHACE experiment and coordinating the collection of plant tissues. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. This research was financially supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant (DEB-1145993) to N. Tharayil and the NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology (DBI-1306607) to V. Suseela. N. Linscheid acknowledges the Research Internship in Science and Engineering Fellowship from German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD). The PHACE infrastructure was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)-Agricultural Research Service Climate Change, Soils and Emission Program USDA-CSREES Soil Processes Program (grant no. 2008-35107-18655), funding from US Department of Energy Office of Science (BER), through the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science program (DE-SC0006973), and by the National Science Foundation (DEB-1021559). Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. This is Technical Contribution no. 6137 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. NR 74 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 55 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 9 AR 106 DI 10.1890/ES14-00028.1 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AT7DM UT WOS:000345097000003 ER PT J AU Fowler, G Erikson, L Caton, B Gutierrez, W Griffin, R AF Fowler, Glenn Erikson, Lottie Caton, Barney Gutierrez, Walter Griffin, Robert TI Modeling Phytosanitary Risk of Unintended Commodity Use: The Example of US Potato Exports to Mexico SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Diversion from intended use; pathway model; policy AB Diversion of commodities from their intended use to an unintended use, e.g., when commodities intended for consumption are used as seed for planting, is an important issue in agricultural trade that has implications for the establishment of pests and pathogens in an importing country and for the appropriate strength of plant health measures. Consequently, understanding and accurately characterizing the risk of diversion from intended use is highly relevant to policymakers, trading partners, and in trade dispute arbitration. To our knowledge, no risk assessments have ever accounted for the likelihood of diversion from intended use. Here we present an approach to analyzing this risk using diversion of U.S. table stock potatoes to seed for planting by Mexican potato producers as a case study. We use probabilistic pathway models to characterize the movement of white, yellow, and russet potatoes from the United States into Mexico at current and double export volumes. We then model the likelihood of these potatoes being diverted for seed and the subsequent establishment of bacteria, nematode, and virus pests in Mexico. Our approach demonstrates how diversion from intended use can be quantified in one scenario and, in particular, how it can be analyzed to estimate the magnitude of diversion required to produce a high risk of pest establishment. C1 [Fowler, Glenn; Erikson, Lottie; Caton, Barney; Gutierrez, Walter] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol Plant Protect & Quar, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Griffin, Robert] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol Plant Protect & Quar, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Fowler, G (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Plant Epidemiol & Risk Anal Lab, Ctr Plant Hlth Sci & Technol Plant Protect & Quar, USDA, 1730 Vars Dr,Suite 300, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM glenn.fowler@aphis.usda.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 34 IS 9 BP 1663 EP 1676 DI 10.1111/risa.12188 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA AU0NW UT WOS:000345321000008 PM 24646415 ER PT J AU Gu, J Zhu, H Ding, W Wang, X AF Gu, J. Zhu, H. Ding, W. Wang, X. TI CHARACTERIZATION OF AIR PROFILES IMPEDED BY PLANT CANOPIES FOR A VARIABLE-RATE AIR-ASSISTED SPRAYER SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Airflow control; Air velocity; Fan inlet damper; Precision sprayer; Variable rate ID APPLE-TREES; AIRBLAST SPRAYER; JET VELOCITIES; FLOW-RATE; DEPOSITION; MODEL AB The preferential design for variable-rate orchard and nursery sprayers requires that the sprayers are able to control the liquid and air flow rates based on the canopy structure in real time. Demand for this advanced feature has increased rapidly with the public demand for reductions in pesticide use. A variable-rate, air-assisted, five-port sprayer had been in development to achieve variable discharge rates of both liquid and air. To verify the capability of varying the airflow rate by changing the fan inlet diameter of the sprayer, air jet velocities impeded by plant canopies were measured at various locations inside tree canopies of three different sizes and foliage densities. Air jet velocities were adjusted by changing the sprayer fan inlet diameter with an airflow regulator and measured with a constant-temperature anemometer coupled with hot-wire probes. Peak air velocity and airflow pressure decreased with foliage density and canopy depth. For the 0.34 m fan inlet diameter, the airflow pressure ratio of the front portion to the back portion of the canopies was 2.45 for a 1.65 m tall and 13.4 leaf area index (1,41) Tsuga canadensis (Tree 1), 1.43 for a 2.35 m tall and 2.5 LAI Ficus benjamina (Tree 2), and 1.64 for a 3.0 m tall and 1.5 LAI Acer rubrum (Tree 3). Similarly, the front-to-back peak air velocity ratios were 8.55, 1.59, and 1.89 for Tree 1, Tree 2, and Tree 3, respectively. Variations were significant for peak air velocities and airflow pressures among the three different tree volumes and foliage densities. Increasing the fan inlet diameter from 0.13 to 0.34 m increased average airflow pressure from 2.84 to 4.01 kg m(-2), from 3.88 to 5.82 kg 1112, and from 2.46 to 3.75 kg m(-2) inside the canopies of Tree 1, Tree 2, and Tree 3, respectively, while it also increased average peak air velocity from 2.6 to 4.5 m s(-1), from 5.5 to 9.1 m s(-1), and from 3.0 to 5.2 m s(-1) inside the three tree canopies. Therefore, the new sprayer design with an airflow regulator to alter the fan inlet diameter was able to provide variable airflow for different canopy sizes and foliage densities and offered a potentially effective approach to discharge uniform airflow profiles to carry droplets with efficient spray penetration into plant canopies. C1 [Gu, J.; Ding, W.; Wang, X.] Nanjing Agr Univ, Coll Engn, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhu, H.] USDA ARS, ATRU, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, ATRU, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative [2009-51181-06002]; China 863 National High Technology Research and Development Program [2012AA 101904]; Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation [BK20130690] FX The authors acknowledge invaluable technical assistance from Keith Williams, Adam Clark, and Barry Nudd. We also gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the USDA-NIFA Specialty Crop Research Initiative (Grant No. 2009-51181-06002), China 863 National High Technology Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2012AA 101904), and Jiangsu Province Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. BK20130690). NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 57 IS 5 BP 1307 EP 1315 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AT6ON UT WOS:000345058800004 ER PT J AU Santhi, C White, M Arnold, JG Norfleet, L Atwood, J Kellogg, R Kannan, N Wang, X Di Luzio, M Williams, JR Gerik, T AF Santhi, C. White, M. Arnold, J. G. Norfleet, L. Atwood, J. Kellogg, R. Kannan, N. Wang, X. Di Luzio, M. Williams, J. R. Gerik, T. TI ESTIMATING THE EFFECTS OF AGRICULTURAL CONSERVATION PRACTICES ON PHOSPHORUS LOADS IN THE MISSISSIPPI-ATCHAFALAYA RIVER BASIN SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Agriculture; APEX; CEAP; Conservation practices; Mississippi; Phosphorus; SWAT ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; APEX MODEL; SPARROW MODELS; SWAT MODEL; CALIBRATION; DELIVERY; NITROGEN; SCALE; VALIDATION AB Agriculture in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River basin (MARB) is important in terms of both the national economy and the nutrients discharged to the basin and the Gulf of Mexico. Conservation practices are installed on cropland to reduce the nutrient losses. A recent study by the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) determined the effects of agricultural conservation practices on water quality in the MARB. A modeling framework consisting of a farm-scale model (Agricultural Policy Environmental Extender, APEX), a watershed-scale model (Soil and Water Assessment Tool, SWAT), and databases was used APEX was used to simulate the conservation practices on cropland and Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) land and assess the edge-of-field water quality benefits. The predicted flow and loads from APEX were input to SWAT, and SWAT was used to simulate the watershed processes and estimate the local and instream water quality benefits. The model was used for scenario assessment after calibration and validation for streamflow and loads. Recent studies indicate that phosphorus influences the formation of the hypoxic zone in the Gulf of Mexico. The major objectives of this article are to: (I) estimate and discuss the effects of currently existing and additional conservation practices on total phosphorus (TP) loads in the MARB, and (2) assess how TP loads discharged by the conservation scenarios can achieve the recommended annual P target for hypoxia reduction. Results indicated that current conservation practices on cropland have reduced TP losses to local waters by 13% to 52% in six basins within the MARB and reduced the TP load discharged to the Gulf of Mexico by 22%. Additional P load reduction is likely required to reach the annual P target for hypoxia reduction. C1 [Santhi, C.; Wang, X.; Di Luzio, M.; Williams, J. R.; Gerik, T.] Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [White, M.; Arnold, J. G.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Norfleet, L.; Atwood, J.; Kellogg, R.] USDA, NRCS, Temple, TX USA. [Kannan, N.] Tarleton State Univ, Texas Inst Appl Environm Res, Stephenville, TX USA. RP Santhi, C (reprint author), Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, 720 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM csanthi@brc.tamus.edu FU USDA FX The authors sincerely acknowledge the USDA for providing funding for this research as part of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project, and Mr. Daryl Lund and other administrators of the USDA-NRCS for technical guidance and support. The authors acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey and other agencies for providing access to some of the data required for this study. The authors thank Bill Komar, Melina Ball, and Rehanon Pampell at Blackland Research Center for their assistance. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 57 IS 5 BP 1339 EP 1357 PG 19 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AT6ON UT WOS:000345058800007 ER PT J AU Chen, J Brissette, F Zhang, XJ AF Chen, J. Brissette, F. Zhang, X. J. TI A MULTI-SITE STOCHASTIC WEATHER GENERATOR FOR DAILY PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Interstation correlation; Multi-site weather generator; Precipitation; Temperature ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; DAILY RAINFALL; LOESS PLATEAU; SOIL-EROSION; MODEL; SIMULATION; SCENARIOS; VARIABILITY; IMPACT; CHINA AB Stochastic weather generators are used to generate time series of climate variables that have statistical properties similar to those of observed data. Most stochastic weather generators work for a single site and can only generate climate data at a single point or independent time series at several points. However, for hydrological impact studies, spatially coherent climate information is usually required at several locations over a watershed. This climate information can be generated using a multi-site weather generator. This article presents a new Matlab-based stochastic weather generator (MulGETS) for generating multi-site precipitation and temperature. MulGETS is an extension of a single-site weather generator that makes it possible to drive individual single-site models with temporally independent but spatially correlated random numbers. Similar to an unmodified single-site weather generator, precipitation occurrence is generated using a first-order two-state Markov chain, and temperature is generated using a first-order linear autoregressive model. However, instead of generating daily precipitation amounts based on a single gamma distribution, MulGETS uses a multi-gamma distribution to address the spatial correlation of precipitation amounts. The performance of MulGETS is evaluated with respect to its ability to produce the spatial correlation and statistical characteristics of daily precipitation and temperature for five watersheds selected from different climate conditions. The five watersheds also differ in watershed size and number of stations. The results show that MulGETS accurately preserves the spatial correlation of precipitation occurrence and amounts as well as the maximum and minimum temperatures for all watersheds. The joint probabilities of precipitation occurrence are also reasonably well reproduced. Additionally, MulGETS is capable of reproducing the mean and standard deviation of daily precipitation amounts for individual sites, as well as the watershed-averaged precipitation. Overall, MulGETS is an effective model for generating multi-site precipitation and temperature. It can easily be used as a downscaling tool for climate change impact studies by modifting its parameters based on climate model outputs. The entire set of Matlab routines utilized is available on the Mathworks file exchange site. C1 [Chen, J.; Brissette, F.] Univ Quebec, Dept Construct Engn, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada. [Chen, J.] Northwest A&F Univ, Inst Soil & Water Conservat, State Key Lab Soil Eros & Dryland Farming Loess P, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Zhang, X. J.] USDA ARS, Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK USA. RP Chen, J (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Ecole Technol Super, Dept Construct Engn, 1100 Rue Notre Dame Ouest, Montreal, PQ H3C 1K3, Canada. EM jie.chen@etsmtl.ca FU Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); Hydro-Quebec; Ouranos Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaption to Climate Change; Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest AF University [10501-1205] FX The MulGETS Matlab routine can be found on the Mathworks file exchange website (www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/47537-multi-site-stochstic -weather-generator-mulgets). This work was partially supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), Hydro-Quebec, the Ouranos Consortium on Regional Climatology and Adaption to Climate Change, and the Open Research Fund Program of the State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University (Grant No. 10501-1205). The authors wish to express their sincere appreciation to Dr. Donal Mullan of Liverpool John Moores University, U.K., for providing daily precipitation and temperature data for Northern Ireland and Dr. Zhi Li of Northwest A&F University for providing meteorological data for the Jinghe watershed. We also thank the USDA-ARS Southwest Watershed Research Center for providing data for the Walnut Gulch Experimental Watershed (Goodrich et al., 2008) and the Little River Experimental Watershed (Bosch et al., 2007). NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 57 IS 5 BP 1375 EP 1391 PG 17 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AT6ON UT WOS:000345058800009 ER PT J AU Luck, BD Davis, JD Purswell, JL Kiess, AS Hoff, SJ Olsen, JWW AF Luck, B. D. Davis, J. D. Purswell, J. L. Kiess, A. S. Hoff, S. J. Olsen, J. W. W. TI EFFECT OF MEASUREMENT DENSITY ON CHARACTERIZING AIR VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION IN COMMERCIAL BROILER HOUSES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Air velocity; Anemometer; Broiler house; Sampling density; Tunnel ventilation ID HIGH DEW-POINT; GROWTH-RESPONSES; PERFORMANCE; TEMPERATURE; VENTILATION; TIME AB Increasing air velocity of tunnel ventilation systems in commercial broiler facilities improves production efficiency. As a consequence, many housing design specifications require a minimum air velocity in the house. Air velocities are typically assessed with a hand-held anemometer at random locations, rather than systematic traverses. Simultaneous measurement of air velocity at multiple locations in the facility would provide a more accurate estimation of air velocity distribution. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of measurement density on accuracy of estimating air velocity distribution in a tunnel-ventilated broiler production facility. An array of 40 anemometers was placed on a series of transverse cross-sections in a commercial broiler production facility with curtain sidewalls (no birds present) measuring 12.8 x 121.9 m. The house was equipped with ten 121.9 cm exhaust fans. Cross-sectional air velocity measurements were taken along the length of the house in increments of 3.05 m axially. Data were sampled at I Hz for 2 min; three 2 mm sub-samples were obtained at each cross-section. Horizontal plane air velocity distribution maps were generated using 12.19, 6.10, and 3.05 m axial measurement distances between cross-sections at 0.46 m above the litter. Vertical plane air velocity distribution maps were created using 10, 20, and 40 symmetrical sampling points from the original data set. Cross-validation analysis revealed that higher spatial measurement density in the axial direction yielded a higher correlation between observed and predicted values (79%) and lower mean squared prediction error (MSPE; 0.10 m s(-1)) when compared to decreased sampling densities. Vertical cross-section measurement density comparisons showed a reduction in MSPE and an increase in correlation between observed and predicted values at higher sampling densities in all cases tested excluding one. In the case of improved interpolation results with fewer measurement points, the cross-section demonstrated high variation in air velocity and velocity values being very low. Axial cross-sectional measurement distances of <= 3.05 m and vertical plane measurement densities of >= 40 measurement points should be used to accurately characterize air velocity distribution in a 12.8 x 121.9 m broiler production facility. Although more sensors and time are required to collect 40-point cross-sections at 3.05 m, the improved visualization allows better identification of distribution effects caused by equipment placement in the facility. C1 [Luck, B. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Davis, J. D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Purswell, J. L.] USDA ARS, Poultry Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Kiess, A. S.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hoff, S. J.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Olsen, J. W. W.] Big Ass Solut, Lexington, KY USA. RP Davis, JD (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, 130 Creelman St,POB 9632, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jdavis@abe.msstate.edu FU Micro CHP and Bio-Fuel Center at Mississippi State University [DOE DEFC2608NT01923 08100880] FX Funding for this work was provided by the Micro CHP and Bio-Fuel Center at Mississippi State University (DOE DEFC2608NT01923 08100880). NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 57 IS 5 BP 1443 EP 1454 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA AT6ON UT WOS:000345058800015 ER PT J AU Fitzgerald, C Tu, ZC Patrick, M Stiles, T Lawson, AJ Santovenia, M Gilbert, MJ van Bergen, M Joyce, K Pruckler, J Stroika, S Duim, B Miller, WG Loparev, V Sinnige, JC Fields, PI Tauxe, RV Blaser, MJ Wagenaar, JA AF Fitzgerald, Collette Tu, Zheng Chao Patrick, Mary Stiles, Tracy Lawson, Andy J. Santovenia, Monica Gilbert, Maarten J. van Bergen, Marcel Joyce, Kevin Pruckler, Janet Stroika, Steven Duim, Birgitta Miller, William G. Loparev, Vladimir Sinnige, Jan C. Fields, Patricia I. Tauxe, Robert V. Blaser, Martin J. Wagenaar, Jaap A. TI Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum subsp. nov., isolated from humans and reptiles SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GENUS CAMPYLOBACTER; PCR ASSAY; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; STRAINS; ORIGINS AB A polyphasic study was undertaken to determine the taxonomic position of 13 Campylobacter fetus-like strains from humans (n=8) and reptiles (n=5). The results of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) MS and genomic data from sap analysis, 16S rRNA gene and hsp60 sequence comparison, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis, DNA-DNA hybridization and whole genome sequencing demonstrated that these strains are closely related to C. fetus but clearly differentiated from recognized subspecies of C. fetus. Therefore, this unique cluster of 13 strains represents a novel subspecies within the species C. fetus, for which the name Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum subsp. nov. is proposed, with strain 03-427(T) (=ATCC BAA-2539(T)=LMG 27499(T)) as the type strain. Although this novel taxon could not be differentiated from C. fetus subsp. fetus and C. fetus subsp. venerealis using conventional phenotypic tests, MALDI-TOF MS revealed the presence of multiple phenotypic biomarkers which distinguish Campylobacter fetus subsp. testudinum subsp. nov. from recognized subspecies of C. fetus. C1 [Fitzgerald, Collette; Patrick, Mary; Santovenia, Monica; Joyce, Kevin; Pruckler, Janet; Stroika, Steven; Loparev, Vladimir; Fields, Patricia I.; Tauxe, Robert V.] CDC, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tu, Zheng Chao; Blaser, Martin J.] NYU, Dept Med, Sch Med, New York, NY 10016 USA. [Stiles, Tracy] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Lawson, Andy J.] Publ Hlth England, London, England. [Gilbert, Maarten J.; Duim, Birgitta; Wagenaar, Jaap A.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis & Immunol, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Gilbert, Maarten J.; van Bergen, Marcel; Duim, Birgitta; Wagenaar, Jaap A.] WHO Collaborating Ctr Campylobacter, OIE Reference Lab Campylobacteriosis, Utrecht, Netherlands. [van Bergen, Marcel; Wagenaar, Jaap A.] Cent Vet Inst Wageningen UR, Lelystad, Netherlands. [Miller, William G.] ARS, USDA, WRRC, Prod Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA USA. [Sinnige, Jan C.] Univ Med Ctr Utrecht, Dept Med Microbiol, Utrecht, Netherlands. RP Fitzgerald, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Campylobacter & Helicobacter Reference Lab, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis,Natl Ctr, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM chf3@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 64 BP 2944 EP 2948 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.057778-0 PN 9 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AT4MA UT WOS:000344912300003 PM 24899653 ER PT J AU Timm, AE Brown, JW AF Timm, A. E. Brown, J. W. TI Two new combinations in Thaumatotibia Zacher (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from Reunion Island, with an updated list of the Afrotropical species SO AFRICAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Timm, A. E.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. [Brown, J. W.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Timm, AE (reprint author), Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, POB 94, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. EM aetimm@gmail.com NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC SOUTHERN AFRICA PI HATFIELD PA PO BOX 13162, HATFIELD 0028, SOUTH AFRICA SN 1021-3589 EI 1026-4914 J9 AFR ENTOMOL JI Afr. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 22 IS 3 BP 678 EP 680 DI 10.4001/003.022.0321 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AT0HF UT WOS:000344616900024 ER PT J AU Knothe, G AF Knothe, Gerhard TI Cuphea Oil as a Potential Biodiesel Feedstock to Improve Fuel Properties SO JOURNAL OF ENERGY ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Agronomic issues; Biodiesel; Cuphea oil; Fuel properties; Medium-chain esters; Methyl decanoate ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; SEED OILS; METHYL-ESTERS; BIOFUEL; DISTILLATION; MICROALGAE; NICARAGUA; EMISSIONS; JATROPHA; ENGINE AB One of the approaches to improving the fuel properties of biodiesel, a fuel derived from vegetable oils, animal fats, or other triacylglycerol-containing materials, is to use a feedstock with inherently different fatty acid profile than most common feedstocks such as commodity vegetable oils. Cuphea oil is such a feedstock as it is highly enriched in decanoic acid, which causes the biodiesel fuel derived from it to exhibit improved properties. Cuphea oil, however, faces agronomic issues before widespread commercial production is possible. This article briefly summarizes recent research results regarding cuphea oil in relation to the biodiesel fuel derived from it. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Knothe, G (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM gerhard.knothe@ars.usda.gov NR 31 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9402 EI 1943-7897 J9 J ENERG ENG JI J. Energy Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2014 VL 140 IS 3 SI SI AR A5014001 DI 10.1061/ASCE)EY.1943-7897.0000194 PG 3 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Civil SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AT2PS UT WOS:000344777300017 ER PT J AU Taylor, MM Hild, AL Shaw, NL Norton, U Collier, TR AF Taylor, Megan M. Hild, Ann L. Shaw, Nancy L. Norton, Urszula Collier, Timothy R. TI Plant Recruitment and Soil Microbial Characteristics of Rehabilitation Seedings Following Wildfire in Northern Utah SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Artemisia tridentata; Bromus tectorum; Great Basin; minimum-till drill; phospholipid fatty acid analysis; PLFA; rangeland drill; Salsola kali ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; INVASION; FIRE; GRASSLAND; ECOSYSTEM; REVEGETATION; CHEATGRASS; RECOVERY AB One goal of post-fire native species seeding is to increase plant community resistance to exotic weed invasions, yet few studies address the impacts of seeding on exotic annual establishment and persistence. In 2010 and 2011, we investigated the influence of seedings on exotic annuals and the underlying microbial communities. The wildfire site in northern Utah was formerly dominated by Artemisia tri-dentata ssp. wyomingensis, but burned in September 2008. Experimental seeding treatments were installed in November 2008 to examine strategies for establishing native species using two drills, hand broadcasts and different timing of seed applications (resulting in 13 seeding treatments). We collected aboveground biomass of invasive annuals (Halogeton glomeratus, Salsola kali, and Bromus tectorum), other volunteer plants from the extant seed bank, and seeded species from all treatments in the second and third years after fire. We sampled soils within microsites beneath native perennial bunchgrass and exotic annuals to characterize underlying soil microbial communities. High precipitation following seeding led to strong seedling establishment and we found few differences between seeding treatments established with either drill. All seeded treatments reduced exotic biomass by at least 90% relative to unseeded controls. Soil microbial communities (phospholipid fatty acid analysis), beneath B. tectorum, Poa secunda, and Pseudoroegneria spicata microsites differed little 3 years after fire. However, microbial abundance beneath P. spicata increased from June to July, suggesting that microbial communities beneath successful seedings can vary greatly within a single growing season. C1 [Taylor, Megan M.; Hild, Ann L.; Collier, Timothy R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Shaw, Nancy L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Norton, Urszula] Univ Wyoming, Dept Plant Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Hild, AL (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Agr Bldg 2013,Dept 3354,1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM annhild@uwyo.edu FU University of Wyoming's Wyoming Reclamation and Restoration Center; USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station's Great Basin Native Plant Program; USDI Bureau of Land Management's Great Basin Restoration Initiative; Joint Fire Science Program FX Special thanks to Drs. L. Munn for soil expertise, D. Legg for statistical consultation, and C. Gasch for oversight of PLFA analyses. Considerable technical assistance was provided by B. Sebade, K. Z. Afratakhti, K. McNicholas, and A. Wuenschel at the University of Wyoming, and M. Fisk, E. Denney, A. Malcomb, M. Marshall, J. Gurr, S. King, and S. Subashe from the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station in Boise, Idaho. Funding was provided by the University of Wyoming's Wyoming Reclamation and Restoration Center, the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station's Great Basin Native Plant Program, the USDI Bureau of Land Management's Great Basin Restoration Initiative, and the Joint Fire Science Program. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 22 IS 5 BP 598 EP 607 DI 10.1111/rec.12112 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AS8DG UT WOS:000344479800006 ER PT J AU Davies, KW Bates, JD AF Davies, Kirk W. Bates, Jon D. TI Attempting to Restore Herbaceous Understories in Wyoming Big Sagebrush Communities with Mowing and Seeding SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE brush management; drill seeding; exotic annual grass; invasion; resilience; resistance; understory restoration ID BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS; TAENIATHERUM-CAPUT-MEDUSAE; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; VEGETATION CHARACTERISTICS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; STEPPE ECOSYSTEMS; SPECIES ABUNDANCE; ELYMUS-ELYMOIDES AB Shrub steppe communities with depleted perennial herbaceous understories often need to be restored to increase resilience and resistance. Mowing has been applied to Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young) steppe plant communities to reduce sagebrush dominance and restore native herbaceous vegetation, but success has been limited and hampered by increases in exotic annuals. Seeding native bunchgrasses after mowing may accelerate recovery and limit exotics. We compared mowing followed by drill-seeding native bunchgrasses to mowing and an untreated control at five sites in southeastern Oregon over a 4-year period. Mowing and seeding bunchgrasses increased bunchgrass density; however, bunchgrass cover did not differ among treatments. Exotic annuals increased with mowing whether or not post-mowing seeding occurred. Mowing, whether or not seeding occurred, also reduced biological soil crusts. Longer term evaluation is needed to determine if seeded bunchgrasses will increase enough to suppress exotic annuals. Seeded bunchgrasses may have been limited by increases in exotic annuals. Though restoration of sagebrush communities with degraded understories is needed, we do not recommend mowing and seeding native bunchgrasses because this treatment produced mixed results that may lower the resilience and resistance of these communities. Before this method is applied, research is needed to increase our understanding of how to improve establishment of seeded native bunchgrasses. Alternatively, restoration practitioners may need to apply treatments to control exotic annuals and repeatedly seed native bunchgrasses. C1 [Davies, Kirk W.; Bates, Jon D.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Davies, KW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM kirk.davies@oregonstate.edu NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1061-2971 EI 1526-100X J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 22 IS 5 BP 608 EP 615 DI 10.1111/rec.12110 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AS8DG UT WOS:000344479800007 ER PT J AU Zwickl, DJ Stein, JC Wing, RA Ware, D Sanderson, MJ AF Zwickl, Derrick J. Stein, Joshua C. Wing, Rod A. Ware, Doreen Sanderson, Michael J. TI Disentangling Methodological and Biological Sources of Gene Tree Discordance on Oryza (Poaceae) Chromosome 3 SO SYSTEMATIC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gene trees; multilocus data; Oryza; phylogenomics; phylogeny reconstruction; species trees ID ESTIMATING SPECIES TREES; MULTISPECIES COALESCENT; RICE DOMESTICATION; MODEL; PHYLOGENOMICS; GENOMES; ALIGNMENTS; LIKELIHOOD; SEQUENCES; INFERENCE AB We describe new methods for characterizing gene tree discordance in phylogenomic data sets, which screen for deviations from neutral expectations, summarize variation in statistical support among gene trees, and allow comparison of the patterns of discordance induced by various analysis choices. Using an exceptionally complete set of genome sequences for the short arm of chromosome 3 in Oryza (rice) species, we applied these methods to identify the causes and consequences of differing patterns of discordance in the sets of gene trees inferred using a panel of 20 distinct analysis pipelines. We found that discordance patterns were strongly affected by aspects of data selection, alignment, and alignment masking. Unusual patterns of discordance evident when using certain pipelines were reduced or eliminated by using alternative pipelines, suggesting that they were the product of methodological biases rather than evolutionary processes. In some cases, once such biases were eliminated, evolutionary processes such as introgression could be implicated. Additionally, patterns of gene tree discordance had significant downstream impacts on species tree inference. For example, inference from supermatrices was positively misleading when pipelines that led to biased gene trees were used. Several results may generalize to other data sets: we found that gene tree and species tree inference gave more reasonable results when intron sequence was included during sequence alignment and tree inference, the alignment software PRANK was used, and detectable "block-shift" alignment artifacts were removed. We discuss our findings in the context of well-established relationships in Oryza and continuing controversies regarding the domestication history of O. sativa. C1 [Zwickl, Derrick J.; Sanderson, Michael J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Stein, Joshua C.; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ware, Doreen] ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, USDA, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Zwickl, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, POB 210088, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM zwickl@email.arizona.edu OI Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226 FU US National Science Foundation as part of the Oryza Genome Evolution Project [PGRP-1026200] FX This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation [PGRP-1026200] as part of the Oryza Genome Evolution Project. NR 60 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1063-5157 EI 1076-836X J9 SYST BIOL JI Syst. Biol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 645 EP 659 DI 10.1093/sysbio/syu027 PG 15 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA AT1LG UT WOS:000344694500001 PM 24721692 ER PT J AU Boonmee, S Rossman, AY Liu, JK Li, WJ Dai, DQ Bhat, JD Jones, EBG McKenzie, EHC Xu, JC Hyde, KD AF Boonmee, Saranyaphat Rossman, Amy Y. Liu, Jian-Kui Li, Wen-Jing Dai, Don-Qing Bhat, Jayarama D. Jones, E. B. Gareth McKenzie, Eric H. C. Xu, Jian-Chu Hyde, Kevin D. TI Tubeufiales, ord. nov., integrating sexual and asexual generic names SO FUNGAL DIVERSITY LA English DT Article DE Dothideomycetes; Helicospores; New genus; Phylogeny; Taxonomy; Tubeufiaceae ID ACANTHOSTIGMA TUBEUFIACEAE; SUBMERGED WOOD; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; AQUAPHILA-ALBICANS; MOLECULAR-DATA; RIBOSOMAL DNA; SP. NOV.; FUNGI; GENUS; PLEOSPORALES AB Tubeufiaceae is based on the generic type Tubeufia, which is characterized by superficial, oval and bright ascomata, bitunicate asci, mostly long fusiform to filiform, transeptate ascospores and hyphomycetous asexual states with helicosporous conidia. Most species in this family are saprobic on terrestrial woody substrates and some are aquatic. Their distinct morphology as well as combined LSU, SSU and TEF1 sequence analysis show that Tubeufiaceae should be accommodated in a new order Tubeufiales, which is introduced in this paper. Phylogenetic analyses of combined LSU and ITS sequences were used to resolve genera and species within the family Tubeufiaceae. In this study, we examine and incorporate sexual and asexual states of genera in Tubeufiales to provide a modern treatment, based on single names. An epitype for Tubeufia javanica, the type species of Tubeufia, is designated and represents Tubeufia sensu stricto. The genera Acanthophiobolus, Acanthostigma, Boerlagiomyces, Chlamydotubeufia, Kamalomyces, Podonectria, Thaxteriella and Thaxteriellopsis are accepted, Acanthostigmina is reinstated, and the asexual genera Aquaphila, Helicoma, Helicomyces, Helicosporium and Tamhinispora are accepted in Tubeufiaceae. Three new genera Acanthohelicospora, Helicangiospora and Neoacanthostigma are introduced. The genus Bifrontia is added to the family based on morphological similarity. The incongruous morphological genera Acanthostigmella, Amphinectria, Chaetocrea, Chaetosphaerulina, Glaxoa, Malacaria, Melioliphila, Paranectriella, Puttemansia, Rebentischia and Uredinophila are excluded from Tubeufiaceae despite having characteristic ascomata with setae and multiseptate long spores. A key to genera accepted in Tubeufiaceae is provided. C1 [Boonmee, Saranyaphat; Li, Wen-Jing; Dai, Don-Qing; Xu, Jian-Chu; Hyde, Kevin D.] Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. [Boonmee, Saranyaphat; Li, Wen-Jing; Dai, Don-Qing; Xu, Jian-Chu; Hyde, Kevin D.] World Agro Forestry Ctr, East & Cent Asia Off, Kunming 650201, Peoples R China. [Boonmee, Saranyaphat; Liu, Jian-Kui; Li, Wen-Jing; Dai, Don-Qing; Hyde, Kevin D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Inst Excellence Fungal Res, Muang 57100, Chiang Rai, Thailand. [Boonmee, Saranyaphat; Liu, Jian-Kui; Li, Wen-Jing; Dai, Don-Qing; Hyde, Kevin D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci, Muang 57100, Chiang Rai, Thailand. [Boonmee, Saranyaphat; Rossman, Amy Y.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bhat, Jayarama D.] Goa Univ, Dept Bot, Bambolim 403206, Goa, India. [Jones, E. B. Gareth] King Saudi Univ, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [McKenzie, Eric H. C.] Landcare Res, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Hyde, KD (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Kunming Inst Bot, Key Lab Plant Divers & Biogeog East Asia, Kunming 650201, Yunnan, Peoples R China. EM kdhyde3@gmail.com FU TRF/BIOTEC program Biodiversity Research and Training Grant [BRT R_251181, BRT R_253012]; USDA-ARS; Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory (SMML); Mushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Rai Province; Mae Fah Luang University [56101020032]; Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program (DSFP), King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; Chinese Academy of Sciences [2013T2S0030] FX This work was supported by TRF/BIOTEC program Biodiversity Research and Training Grant BRT R_251181, BRT R_253012, USDA-ARS, Systematic Mycology and Microbiology Laboratory (SMML) and partially by the Mushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Rai Province for financial support. The International Fungal Research and Development Centre, The Research Institute of Resource Insects, the Chinese Academy of Forestry (Bailongsi, Kunming 650224, China) and Mae Fah Luang University (grant for study Dothideomycetes No. 56101020032) are also thanked for research facilities. Gareth Jones is supported by the Distinguished Scientist Fellowship Program (DSFP), King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. K. D. Hyde thanks The Chinese Academy of Sciences, project number 2013T2S0030, for the award of Visiting Professorship for Senior International Scientists at Kunming Institute of Botany. Appreciation is extended to the CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, The Netherlands, the International Fungal Research & Development Centre, Research Institute of Resource Insects, Chinese Academy of Forestry and the State key lab of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academic of Science, Beijing, China for provides molecular sequences. Special thanks also go to Lisa A. Castlebury, Donald W. Walker, Cesar Herrera, Shanon Dominick, Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Nalin N. Wijayawardene, Dhanushka Udayanga and Dimuthu S. Manamgoda for their assistance. NR 125 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1560-2745 EI 1878-9129 J9 FUNGAL DIVERS JI Fungal Divers. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 68 IS 1 BP 239 EP 298 DI 10.1007/s13225-014-0304-7 PG 60 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AS5PS UT WOS:000344323000005 ER PT J AU Lin, BH Ploeg, MV Kasteridis, P Yen, ST AF Lin, Biing-Hwan Ploeg, Michele Ver Kasteridis, Panagiotis Yen, Steven T. TI The roles of food prices and food access in determining food purchases of low-income households SO JOURNAL OF POLICY MODELING LA English DT Article DE Food access; Censoring; Demand system; National Food Stamp Program Survey ID IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM; BODY-MASS INDEX; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; DIET; DISPARITIES; FRUIT; STORES; ASSOCIATIONS; DESERTS; HABITS AB A growing literature suggests that limited access to full-service grocery stores may be linked to poor diets, obesity, and other diet-related diseases. Food prices are likely to be as much of a factor in low-income consumers' food purchase decisions as food store access is, but few studies consider the roles of prices and food access simultaneously. We incorporate supermarket access into a utility-theoretic censored demand system for 13 food groups among households that receive the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits in the U.S. The demand system is estimated with a Bayesian procedure which otherwise would have been cumbersome with the classical approach. Results suggest that prices are significant determinants of food purchases, but supermarket access has limited influence. Improving food choices, diet, and health may require addressing both accessibility and affordability. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Policy Modeling. C1 [Lin, Biing-Hwan; Ploeg, Michele Ver] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Kasteridis, Panagiotis] Univ York, Ctr Hlth Econ, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Yen, Steven T.] STY Hlth Econometr, Knoxville, TN 37931 USA. RP Lin, BH (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM BLIN@ers.usda.gov; SVERPLOEG@ers.usda.gov; panos.kasteridis@york.ac.uk; syen04@gmail.com NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-8938 EI 1873-8060 J9 J POLICY MODEL JI J. Policy Model. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 36 IS 5 BP 938 EP 952 DI 10.1016/j.jpolmod.2014.07.002 PG 15 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA AS7KS UT WOS:000344435700011 ER PT J AU Oliveira, PTS Nearing, MA Moran, MS Goodrich, DC Wendland, E Gupta, HV AF Oliveira, Paulo Tarso S. Nearing, Mark A. Moran, M. Susan Goodrich, David C. Wendland, Edson Gupta, Hoshin V. TI Trends in water balance components across the Brazilian Cerrado SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE hydrology; evapotranspiration; runoff; savanna; deforestation ID MULTISATELLITE PRECIPITATION ANALYSIS; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ALGORITHM; SAVANNA REGION; SOUTH-AMERICA; LAND-SURFACE; TRMM; GRACE; DROUGHT; BASIN; VEGETATION AB We assess the water balance of the Brazilian Cerrado based on remotely sensed estimates of precipitation (TRMM), evapotranspiration (MOD16), and terrestrial water storage (GRACE) for the period from 2003 to 2010. Uncertainties for each remotely sensed data set were computed, the budget closure was evaluated using measured discharge data for the three largest river basins in the Cerrado, and the Mann-Kendall test was used to evaluate temporal trends in the water balance components and measured river discharge. The results indicate an overestimation of discharge data, due mainly to the overestimation of rainfall by TRMM version 6. However, better results were obtained when the new release of TRMM 3B42 v7 was used instead. Our results suggest that there have been (a) significant increases in average annual evapotranspiration over the entire Cerrado of 5115 mm yr(-1), (b) terrestrial water storage increases of 116 mm yr(-1) in the northeast region of the Brazilian Cerrado, and (c) runoff decreases of 7211 mm yr(-1) in isolated spots and in the western part of the State of Mato Grosso. Although complete water budget closure from remote sensing remains a significant challenge due to uncertainties in the data, it provides a useful way to evaluate trends in major water balance components over large regions, identify dry periods, and assess changes in water balance due to land cover and land use change. C1 [Oliveira, Paulo Tarso S.; Wendland, Edson] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Hydraul & Sanit Engn, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Oliveira, Paulo Tarso S.; Nearing, Mark A.; Moran, M. Susan; Goodrich, David C.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Gupta, Hoshin V.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Oliveira, PTS (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Hydraul & Sanit Engn, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM paulot@sc.usp.br RI Oliveira, Paulo Tarso/A-4187-2011; Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010 OI Oliveira, Paulo Tarso/0000-0003-2806-0083; Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839 FU Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo-FAPESP [10/18788-5, 11/14273-3, 12/03764-9]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientiifico e Tecnologico-CNPq [470846/2011-9] FX This study was supported by grants from the Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo-FAPESP (10/18788-5, 11/14273-3 and 12/03764-9) and the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientiifico e Tecnologico-CNPq (470846/2011-9). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. The authors are grateful to Sean Swenson of the National Center for Atmospheric research for GRACE data processing, and to Qiaozhen Mu, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Agencia Nacional de Aguas (ANA) for providing ET data (from MOD16), TRMM data and observed rainfall and measured discharge data, respectively. We also thank Matthew Rodell (Chief, Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA/GSFC) for helping in the data analysis. Finally, we appreciate valuable comments and careful reviews from editors, the reviewer Augusto Getirana (Hydrological Sciences Laboratory, NASA/GSFC), and other four anonymous reviewers who helped significantly to improve this manuscript. NR 74 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 30 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 50 IS 9 BP 7100 EP 7114 DI 10.1002/2013WR015202 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AR9YK UT WOS:000343933400003 ER PT J AU Hu, GS Burton, C Hong, ZL AF Hu, Gongshe Burton, Charlotte Hong, Zonglie TI Molecular and Chemical Characterization of a New Waxy Allele in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BETA-GLUCAN CONTENT; CELL-WALLS; STARCH; GRAIN; AMYLOSE; GENE; MUTANT; ENDOSPERM; (1,3/1,4)-BETA-D-GLUCANS; CULTIVARS AB Barley m38 mutant was selected for its high level of mixed-linkage (1,3),(1,4)-beta-D-glucan (MLG) in the grain. This elevated level of MLG was found to be associated with decreased amylose accumulation as well as other chemical composition alterations. Molecular characterization results revealed m38 as a new allele of the Waxy gene, encoding an endosperm-specific granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI). Additional mapping data from amylose phenotype and GBSSI gene specific markers supported the conclusion of the GBSSI mutation in m38. The m38 locus contains a nucleotide alteration that would result in the substitution of glycine at position 263 with serine in the putative adenosine-5'-diphosphate-glucose binding domain. This amino acid substitution alters loop structures on the exterior surface of the folded protein and may affect its enzyme activity. Characterizations of m38 in this report provide for a new allele of the Waxy gene and additional evidence of pleiotropic effects on other chemical components including increased MLG, fructans, and fats and decreased amylose and protein. C1 [Hu, Gongshe; Burton, Charlotte] ARS, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Hong, Zonglie] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Hong, Zonglie] Univ Idaho, Program Microbiol Mol Biol & Biochem, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Hu, GS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Gongshe.Hu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA CRIS [5366-21310-003-00D]; National Science Foundation [MCB-0548525, IOB-0543923] FX We thank Mike Woolman for his technical support in seed composition assays. This research was supported by USDA CRIS grant 5366-21310-003-00D to G. Hu and by National Science Foundation grants MCB-0548525 and IOB-0543923 to Z. Hong. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AACC INTERNATIONAL PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 EI 1943-3638 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 91 IS 5 BP 438 EP 444 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-10-13-0217-R PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA AR7SJ UT WOS:000343779600004 ER PT J AU Johnson, YJ Nadler, Y Field, E San Myint, M O'Hara-Ruiz, MS Ruman, A Olson, S Herrmann, JA Briscoe, J Hickey, M Kunkle, J AF Johnson, Yvette Joyce Nadler, Yvonne Field, Eugene San Myint, Maung O'Hara-Ruiz, Marilyn Sue Ruman, Anna Olson, Steve Herrmann, John Arthur Briscoe, Johanna Hickey, Marisa Kunkle, James TI Flu at the Zoo: Emergency Management Training for the Nation's Zoos and Aquariums SO JOURNAL OF HOMELAND SECURITY AND EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aquarium; avian influenza; captive wildlife; emergency management; outbreak response; zoo; zoonotic disease ID AVIAN INFLUENZA AB The movement of people and animals within zoos and aquariums poses a risk of zoonotic disease dissemination within human and animal populations. Flu at the Zoo is a table-top exercise designed to provide animal exhibitors and regulatory agency personnel an opportunity to evaluate their outbreak response plans. Developed for zoos and aquariums in Illinois, Indiana, and Missouri, it created a realistic scenario of an avian influenza disease outbreak. A total of 82 participants attended the exercise held in June of 2012. Representatives from each of the 16 accredited zoos and aquariums in the region attended, along with representatives from the public health, agricultural animal health, wildlife, poultry industry, and emergency management sectors. Recommendations for the participants included the need for increased training opportunities for zoo and aquarium personnel on the Incident Command System and National Incident Management System. It was also recommended that communications be enhanced between zoos and aquariums and the local, state, and federal agency first responder personnel. Suggestions for improving the exercise included: providing the situation manual to players in advance of the exercise and creating discussion groups based on jurisdictional boundaries so that legal authorities and policy differences across state boundaries didn't impede the discussion. C1 [Johnson, Yvette Joyce] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. [Nadler, Yvonne] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL USA. [Field, Eugene] Univ Illinois U C, Fire Safety Inst, Urbana, IL USA. [San Myint, Maung; O'Hara-Ruiz, Marilyn Sue; Herrmann, John Arthur] Univ Illinois U C, Urbana, IL USA. [Ruman, Anna] USDA, APHIS, Vet Serv, Springfield, IL USA. [Olson, Steve] Assoc Zoos & Aquariums, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Briscoe, Johanna] USDA, APHIS, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hickey, Marisa] NIH, Off Res Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kunkle, James] Illinois Dept Agr, Springfield, IL USA. RP Johnson, YJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 1008 W Hazelwood Dr,227 LAC M-C 004, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. EM yjjohn38@illinois.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 12 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2194-6361 EI 1547-7355 J9 J HOMEL SECUR EMERG JI J. Homel. Secur. Emerg. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 11 IS 3 BP 415 EP 435 DI 10.1515/jhsem-2013-0052 PG 21 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA AR9AZ UT WOS:000343864400007 ER PT J AU Stevenson, KT Alessa, L Kliskey, AD Rader, HB Pantoja, A Clark, M AF Stevenson, Kalb T. Alessa, Lilian Kliskey, Andrew D. Rader, Heidi B. Pantoja, Alberto Clark, Mark TI Sustainable Agriculture for Alaska and the Circumpolar North: Part I. Development and Status of Northern Agriculture and Food Security SO ARCTIC LA English DT Article DE Alaska; circumpolar; subarctic; sustainable agriculture; farming; resilience; food security; history; policy ID SALMON AQUACULTURE; HEALTH; CHALLENGES; TRANSITION; EXPOSURE; FRONTIER; SYSTEMS; RIVER; FEED; FISH AB Alaska is food insecure, importing the vast majority of its agricultural products and commodities and maintaining a minimal year,round food supply. Much of the circumpolar North, with some notable exceptions, is also food insecure and similarly reliant on foods imported from outside regions. The stark differences in food policies, food security, and overall production that exist between individual countries and regions of the circumpolar North are likely due to variability in their physical and social environments, their varying agrarian histories (e.g., Old World vs. New World), and their different first-hand experiences with food insecurity, often during wartime. Alaska's agricultural history is unique, having progressed through periods of exploration and expansion and having experienced both success and failure. Agriculture exists today in Alaska as an underdeveloped natural resource based industry that has been shaped by historical events and developmental processes and continually influenced by a host of environmental and socioeconomic factors. Continued interaction between stakeholders, agencies, and others will help the industry to progress to the point of meeting increasing food demands and improving food security. C1 [Stevenson, Kalb T.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Stevenson, Kalb T.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Alessa, Lilian; Kliskey, Andrew D.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Resilient Communities, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Rader, Heidi B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks Cooperat Extens & Tanana Ch, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Clark, Mark] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. RP Stevenson, KT (reprint author), Axiom Environm Inc, Anchorage, AK 99515 USA. EM Kalb.Stevenson@axiomAK.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0755966]; Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) [0701898, 0919608, 1208927]; Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program (WSARE) of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX We are grateful to the National Science Foundation (NSF) for OPP Arctic Social Science/International Polar Year grant #0755966 and Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) grants #0701898, #0919608 (PACMAN), and #1208927 (Alaska ACE) that funded this research. The project was also supported by the Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program (WSARE) of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF, the WSARE, or the U.S. Department of Agriculture. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of the Resilience and Adaptive Management Group at the University of Alaska Anchorage, particularly Sean Mack and Kacy Krieger. We appreciate the assistance of Shawn Nield, USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, Palmer, Alaska, with the analysis and mapping of STATSGO data. We thank the reviewers that provided extremely helpful and constructive comments on this manuscript. We also thank Jeff Smeenk for his assistance in reviewing the manuscript. We are grateful to the editorial staff at Arctic, particularly Karen McCullough, for their work and patience. NR 119 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 15 PU ARCTIC INST N AMER PI CALGARY PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER, CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA SN 0004-0843 EI 1923-1245 J9 ARCTIC JI Arctic PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 3 BP 271 EP 295 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AR5RM UT WOS:000343641200001 ER PT J AU Stevenson, KT Rader, HB Alessa, L Kliskey, AD Pantoja, A Clark, M Smeenk, J AF Stevenson, Kalb T. Rader, Heidi B. Alessa, Lilian Kliskey, Andrew D. Pantoja, Alberto Clark, Mark Smeenk, Jeffery TI Sustainable Agriculture for Alaska and the Circumpolar North: Part II. Environmental, Geophysical; Biological and Socioeconomic Challenges SO ARCTIC LA English DT Article DE agriculture; Alaska; challenges; climate; circumpolar; farming; soils; subarctic; sustainable; socioeconomic ID PACIFIC COAST WIREWORM; SEED POTATOES; SPECIES COMPOSITION; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; MOSAIC-VIRUS; 1ST REPORT; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY AB Local agriculture, food security and food supply are limited in Alaska, as well as in much of the circumpolar North. These limitations stem from a suite of challenges that have never been well characterized, categorized, or wholly defined. We identify these challenges as being environmental, geophysical, biological, or socioeconomic in nature, noting that some challenges are interrelated. Additionally, Alaska is expansive, and growing conditions are highly variable across different regions and microclimates of the state. Environmental challenges to Alaskan agriculture are generally linked to high latitude and include strong seasonality, a short growing season, cold temperatures, and unpredictable frosts. Geophysical challenges are characterized by a high percentage of soils that are wet and cold or low in natural fertility. Biological challenges include cultivar adaptability and selection; the control of various pests, weeds, and diseases; and decreased microbial activity in cold soils, which can allow pesticides to linger and slow mineralization of organic fertilizers. Socioeconomic challenges to farming in Alaska are especially limiting and may categorically represent the strongest hindrances to agriculture. They often overlap or interact with many of the identified agro-ecological and biogeographic challenges. Major socioeconomic issues can be a relatively low financial incentive or reward for farmers; inconsistent or limited markets; the high cost of land, infrastructure, and inputs; zoning challenges; a lack of cooperatives; and for rural farmers, time conflicts with more traditional means of subsistence food acquisition. These challenges collectively represent factors that limit agriculture in Alaska, and they-provide a basis and justification for developing more sustainable solutions. C1 [Stevenson, Kalb T.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Stevenson, Kalb T.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Rader, Heidi B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks Cooperat Extens & Tanana Ch, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Alessa, Lilian; Kliskey, Andrew D.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Resilient Communities, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Clark, Mark] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. [Smeenk, Jeffery] Palmer Soil & Water Conservat Dist, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. RP Stevenson, KT (reprint author), Axiom Environm Inc, Anchorage, AK 99515 USA. EM Kalb.Stevenson@axiomAK.com FU National Science Foundation for Office of Polar Programs (OPP) Arctic Social Science/International Polar Year grant [0755966]; Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) [0701898, 0919608, 1208927]; Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (WSARE) Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX We are grateful to the National Science Foundation for Office of Polar Programs (OPP) Arctic Social Science/International Polar Year grant #0755966 and Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) grants #0701898, #0919608 (PACMAN), and #1208927 (Alaska ACE) that funded this research. The project was also supported by the Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (WSARE) Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF, the USDA, or WSARE. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of the Resilience and Adaptive Management Group at the University of Alaska Anchorage, particularly Kacy Krieger. We appreciate the assistance of Shawn Nield, USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service, Palmer, Alaska, with the analysis and mapping of STATSGO data. We thank the reviewers who provided extremely helpful and constructive comments on this manuscript. We are grateful for the editorial staff at Arctic, particularly Karen McCullough, for their work and patience. NR 179 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 18 PU ARCTIC INST N AMER PI CALGARY PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER, CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA SN 0004-0843 EI 1923-1245 J9 ARCTIC JI Arctic PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 3 BP 296 EP 319 PG 24 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AR5RM UT WOS:000343641200002 ER PT J AU Stevenson, KT Rader, HB Alessa, L Kliskey, AD Pantoja, A Clark, M Smeenk, J AF Stevenson, Kalb T. Rader, Heidi B. Alessa, Lilian Kliskey, Andrew D. Pantoja, Alberto Clark, Mark Smeenk, Jeffery TI Sustainable Agriculture for Alaska and the Circumpolar North: Part III. Meeting the Challenges of High-Latitude Farming SO ARCTIC LA English DT Article DE Alaska agriculture; farming; high latitude; livestock; market; policy; season-extension techniques; solutions; stakeholders; sustainable agriculture ID SUB-ARCTIC ALASKA; MEASURING FOOD INSECURITY; SPECIES COMPOSITION; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; TILLAGE RESEARCH; INTERIOR ALASKA; HIGH TUNNELS; STRATEGIES; WATER; SOIL AB Agriculture is a severely underdeveloped industry in Alaska and throughout most of the Subarctic. Growers and entrepreneurs must overcome a diverse set of challenges to achieve greater sustainability in northern communities where resilience is threatened by food insecurity and challenges to northern agriculture have limited the industry. However, several field-based or social policy solutions to problems of high-latitude agriculture have been proposed or are being put into practice. Field-based solutions include the use of special infrastructure or farm management strategies to extend the short growing season, improve soil quality, integrate appropriate pest and irrigation management practices, and further develop the livestock sector. Social and policy solutions are resolutions or decisions reached by stakeholders and government, often through cooperative interaction and discussion. These solutions stem from meaningful discussion and decision making among community members, organizations, agencies, and legislators. Social and policy solutions for Alaska include addressing the high costs of land and the preservation of agricultural lands; improved markets and market strategies; more appropriate funding for research, education and infrastructure; and other integrative or cooperative efforts. Collectively, these solutions will work to improve the outlook for sustainable agriculture in Alaska. C1 [Stevenson, Kalb T.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, Resilience & Adapt Management Grp, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Stevenson, Kalb T.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Rader, Heidi B.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks Cooperat Extens & Tanana Ch, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Alessa, Lilian; Kliskey, Andrew D.] Univ Idaho, Ctr Resilient Communities, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Pantoja, Alberto] ARS, USDA, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Clark, Mark] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. [Smeenk, Jeffery] Palmer Soil & Water Conservat Dist, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. RP Stevenson, KT (reprint author), Axiom Environm Inc, Anchorage, AK 99515 USA. EM Kalb.Stevenson@axiomAK.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) for Office of Polar Programs Arctic Social Science/International Polar Year grant [0755966]; Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) [0701898, 0919608, 1208927]; Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (WSARE) Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture FX We are grateful to the National Science Foundation (NSF) for Office of Polar Programs Arctic Social Science/International Polar Year grant #0755966 and Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) grants #0701898, #0919608 (PACMAN), and #1208927 (Alaska ACE), which funded this research. The project was also supported by the Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education (WSARE) Program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NSF, the USDA, or WSARE. We would like to acknowledge the assistance of the Resilience and Adaptive Management Group at the University of Alaska Anchorage, particularly Kacy Krieger. We thank the reviewers, who provided extremely helpful and constructive comments on this manuscript. We are grateful for the editorial staff at Arctic, particularly Karen McCullough, for their work and patience. NR 123 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 13 PU ARCTIC INST N AMER PI CALGARY PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER, CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA SN 0004-0843 EI 1923-1245 J9 ARCTIC JI Arctic PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 3 BP 320 EP 339 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA AR5RM UT WOS:000343641200003 ER PT J AU Deckersbach, T Das, SK Urban, LE Salinardi, T Batra, P Rodman, AM Arulpragasam, AR Dougherty, DD Roberts, SB AF Deckersbach, T. Das, S. K. Urban, L. E. Salinardi, T. Batra, P. Rodman, A. M. Arulpragasam, A. R. Dougherty, D. D. Roberts, S. B. TI Pilot randomized trial demonstrating reversal of obesity-related abnormalities in reward system responsivity to food cues with a behavioral intervention SO NUTRITION & DIABETES LA English DT Article ID WEIGHT-LOSS; BRAIN; ACTIVATION; ADDICTION; DOPAMINE; CRAVINGS; HUNGER AB OBJECTIVES: Obesity is associated with hyperactivation of the reward system for high-calorie (HC) versus low-calorie (LC) food cues, which encourages unhealthy food selection and overeating. However, the extent to which this hyperactivation can be reversed is uncertain, and to date there has been no demonstration of changes by behavioral intervention. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to measure changes in activation of the striatum for food images at baseline and 6 months in a pilot study of 13 overweight or obese adults randomized to a control group or a novel weight-loss intervention. RESULTS: Compared to controls, intervention participants achieved significant weight loss (-6.3 +/- 1.0 kg versus +2.1 +/- 1.1 kg, P < 0.001) and had increased activation for LC food images with a composition consistent with that recommended in the behavioral intervention at 6 months versus baseline in the right ventral putamen (P = 0.04), decreased activation for HC images of typically consumed foods in the left dorsal putamen (P = 0.01). There was also a large significant shift in relative activation favoring LC versus HC foods in both regions (P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides the first demonstration of a positive shift in activation of the reward system toward healthy versus unhealthy food cues in a behavioral intervention, suggesting new avenues to enhance behavioral treatments of obesity. C1 [Deckersbach, T.; Rodman, A. M.; Arulpragasam, A. R.; Dougherty, D. D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Neurotherapeut, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Das, S. K.; Urban, L. E.; Salinardi, T.; Batra, P.; Roberts, S. B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Energy Metab & Obes Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Deckersbach, T (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Neurotherapeut, Dept Psychiat, 73 High St Charlestown, Boston, MA 02129 USA. EM Deckersbach.Thilo@mgh.harvard.edu; Susan.Roberts@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-0014]; Tufts University; pilot grant from the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University FX We thank Lesley Fisher, Madeline Gould and Molly Schleicher for help in preparing MRIs, Jennifer Felsted for commenting on the manuscript, and Joan Guilfoyle and J Phillip Karl for assisting with subjects. This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture agreement no. 58-1950-0-0014 with Tufts University and a pilot grant from the Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2044-4052 J9 NUTR DIABETES JI Nutr. Diabetes PD SEP PY 2014 VL 4 AR e129 DI 10.1038/nutd.2014.26 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AR3YR UT WOS:000343525700001 PM 25177910 ER PT J AU Roemmich, JN Johnson, L AF Roemmich, James N. Johnson, LuAnn TI Seasonal Alterations in Park Visitation, Amenity Use, and Physical Activity - Grand Forks, North Dakota, 2012-2013 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT; HEALTH; ASSOCIATION; OBESITY; COMPENDIUM; BEHAVIORS AB Introduction Park amenities promote visitation and physical activity during summer. Physical activity declines during winter. Identifying park amenities that promote visitation during winter would increase year-round activity. The purpose of this study was to determine how park visitation, amenity choice, and physical activity intensity change across seasons. Methods Physical activity intensity of children and adults was assessed at 16 parks in Grand Forks, North Dakota, during summer and fall of 2012, and winter and spring of 2013. Results Park visitation was highest in spring and lowest in winter. Amenity use varied by season. Parks with water splash pads were visited more during summer, and playgrounds and open spaces were visited more during spring. Ice rinks were visited most in winter. Physical activity intensity was lowest in summer and highest in winter for each age group. The activity intensity observed for all young age groups ranged from 2.7 to 2.9 metabolic equivalents in summer and greater than 3 metabolic equivalents in all other seasons. Adults' mean activity intensity was greater than 3 metabolic equivalents in winter. Conclusion Information on park visitation, amenity use, and activity intensity across seasons is valuable; it can be used when designing or redesigning parks in order to promote year-round physical activity. Redesigning parks in cold climates to include ice rinks, sledding hills, cross-country skiing, and indoor areas for physical activity would increase winter visitation and allow the park to serve as a year-round resource for physical activity. C1 [Roemmich, James N.] ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Johnson, LuAnn] ARS, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. RP Roemmich, JN (reprint author), ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM james.roemmich@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture (USDA); Agricultural Research Service project USDA [5450-51000-049-00D] FX We acknowledge the material contributions of Joley E. Beeler, BS, to data collection and writing of this manuscript. We thank the Grand Forks Park District for access to the parks. This research was supported by the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the Agricultural Research Service project USDA 5450-51000-049-00D. The contents of this article do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the USDA or the Agricultural Research Service. The mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the US government. The study sponsor had no involvement in the study design; collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; writing the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 11 AR E155 DI 10.5888/pcd11.140175 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XL UT WOS:000343522400012 PM 25211503 ER PT J AU Chambers, JC Miller, RF Board, DI Pyke, DA Roundy, BA Grace, JB Schupp, EW Tausch, RJ AF Chambers, Jeanne C. Miller, Richard F. Board, David I. Pyke, David A. Roundy, Bruce A. Grace, James B. Schupp, Eugene W. Tausch, Robin J. TI Resilience and Resistance of Sagebrush Ecosystems: Implications for State and Transition Models and Management Treatments SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum invasion; ecological sites; environmental gradients; mechanical treatments; pinon and juniper expansion; prescribed fire ID GREAT-BASIN; JUNIPER WOODLANDS; DESERT SHRUBLANDS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; BROMUS-TECTORUM; NORTH-AMERICA; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES; RESPONSES; DISTURBANCE AB In sagebrush ecosystems invasion of annual exotics and expansion of pinon (Pinus monophylla Torr. and Frem.) and juniper (Juniperus occidentalis Hook., J. osteosperma [Torr.] Little) are altering fire regimes and resulting in large-scale ecosystem transformations. Management treatments aim to increase resilience to disturbance and enhance resistance to invasive species by reducing woody fuels and increasing native perennial herbaceous species. We used Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project data to test predictions on effects of fire vs. mechanical treatments on resilience and resistance for three site types exhibiting cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) invasion and/or pinon and juniper expansion: 1) warm and dry Wyoming big sagebrush (WY shrub); 2) warm and moist Wyoming big sagebrush (WY PJ); and 3) cool and moist mountain big sagebrush (Mtn PJ). Warm and dry (mesic/aridic) WY shrub sites had lower resilience to fire (less shrub recruitment and native perennial herbaceous response) than cooler and moister (frigid/xeric) WY PJ and Mtn PJ sites. Warm (mesic) WY Shrub and WY PJ sites had lower resistance to annual exotics than cool (frigid to cool frigid) Mtn PJ sites. In WY shrub, fire and sagebrush mowing had similar effects on shrub cover and, thus, on perennial native herbaceous and exotic cover. In WY PJ and Mtn PJ, effects were greater for fire than cut-and-leave treatments and with high tree cover in general because most woody vegetation was removed increasing resources for other functional groups. In WY shrub, about 20% pretreatment perennial native. herb cover was necessary to prevent increases in exotics after treatment. Cooler and moister WY PJ and especially Mtn PJ were more resistant to annual exotics, but perennial native herb cover was still required for site recovery. We use our results to develop state and transition models that illustrate how resilience and resistance influence vegetation dynamics and management options. C1 [Chambers, Jeanne C.; Board, David I.; Tausch, Robin J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Miller, Richard F.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Schupp, Eugene W.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Chambers, JC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM jchambers@fs.fed.us RI Schupp, Eugene/F-1834-2010 FU Joint Fire Science Program [05-S-08]; Bureau of Land Management; US Forest Service; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Land Conservation Cooperative FX We thank Dave Turner for statistical advice, and Jim McIver, Peter Weisberg, Tanya Skurski, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript, and Mike Pellant for assistance with development of the STMs. We acknowledge and thank our additional SageSTEP co-PI's who contributed to the design of this study. This is Contribution Number 83 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project, funded by the Joint Fire Science Program (05-S-08), the Bureau of Land Management, the US Forest Service, the National Interagency Fire Center, and the Great Northern Land Conservation Cooperative. NR 59 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 7 U2 67 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 440 EP 454 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00074.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000002 ER PT J AU Pyke, DA Shaff, SE Lindgren, AI Schupp, EW Doescher, PS Chambers, JC Burnham, JS Huso, MM AF Pyke, David A. Shaff, Scott E. Lindgren, Andrew I. Schupp, Eugene W. Doescher, Paul S. Chambers, Jeanne C. Burnham, Jeffrey S. Huso, Manuela M. TI Region-Wide Ecological Responses of Arid Wyoming Big Sagebrush Communities to Fuel Treatments SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bromus tectorum; resistance and resilience; fire; mowing; tebuthiuron; imazapic ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; SAGE-GROUSE; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; STEPPE ECOSYSTEMS; TRANSITION MODELS; RESTORATION; FIRE; HABITATS; TEBUTHIURON; CHEATGRASS AB If arid sagebrush ecosystems lack resilience to disturbances or resistance to annual invasives, then alternative successional states dominated by annual invasives, especially cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), are likely after fuel treatments. We identified six Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis Beetle & Young) locations (152-381 mm precipitation) that we believed had sufficient resilience and resistance for recovery. We examined impacts of woody fuel reduction (fire, mowing, the herbicide tebuthiuron, and untreated controls, all with and without the herbicide imazapic) on short-term dominance of plant groups and on important land health parameters with the use of analysis of variance (ANOVA). Fire and mowing reduced woody biomass at least 85% for 3 yr, but herbaceous fuels were reduced only by fire (72%) and only in the first year. Herbaceous fuels produced at least 36% more biomass with mowing than untreated areas during posttreatment years. Imazapic only reduced herbaceous biomass after fires (34%). Tebuthiuron never affected herbaceous biomass. Perennial tall grass cover was reduced by 59% relative to untreated controls in the first year after fire, but it recovered by the second year. Cover of all remaining herbaceous groups was not changed by woody fuel treatments. Only imazapic reduced significantly herbaceous cover. Cheatgrass cover was reduced at least 63% with imazapic for 3 yr. Imazapic reduced annual forb cover by at least 45%, and unexpectedly, perennial grass cover by 49% (combination of tall grasses and Sandberg bluegrass [Poa secunda J. Presl.]). Fire reduced density of Sandberg bluegrass between 40% and 58%, decreased lichen and moss cover between 69% and 80%, and consequently increased bare ground between 21% and 34% and proportion of gaps among perennial plants > 2 m (at least 28% during the 3 yr). Fire, mowing, and imazapic may be effective in reducing fuels for 3 yr, but each has potentially undesirable consequences on plant communities. C1 [Pyke, David A.; Shaff, Scott E.; Lindgren, Andrew I.; Huso, Manuela M.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schupp, Eugene W.; Burnham, Jeffrey S.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Schupp, Eugene W.; Burnham, Jeffrey S.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Doescher, Paul S.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Pyke, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM david_a_pyke@usgs.gov RI Schupp, Eugene/F-1834-2010 FU US Joint Fire Science Program [05-S-08]; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Land Conservation Cooperative; US Geological Survey FX We are indebted to and thank the multitude of technicians who assisted in our annual measurements; the Bureau of Land Management, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and The Nature Conservancy for conducting all prescribed fires and obtaining all clearances for treatments; the coordinating editor, two anonymous reviewers, and D. Shinneman for their comments that greatly improved this article; and our additional SageSTEP co-principal investigators who contributed to the design of this study. This is Contribution Number 84 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program (05-S-08), the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, the Great Northern Land Conservation Cooperative, and the US Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 51 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 30 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 455 EP 467 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00090.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000003 ER PT J AU Miller, RF Ratchford, J Roundy, BA Tausch, RJ Hulet, A Chambers, J AF Miller, Richard F. Ratchford, Jaime Roundy, Bruce A. Tausch, Robin J. Hulet, April Chambers, Jeanne TI Response of Conifer-Encroached Shrublands in the Great Basin to Prescribed Fire and Mechanical Treatments SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE sagebrush; cheatgrass; nonnative species; pinon-juniper; restoration; Utah juniper; western juniper; single-needle pinon; resilience ID PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; MOUNTAIN BIG SAGEBRUSH; BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SAGE-GROUSE HABITAT; TRANSITION MODELS; BROMUS-TECTORUM; CENTRAL UTAH; SOUTHEASTERN OREGON; VEGETATION DYNAMICS AB In response to the recent expansion of pinon and juniper woodlands into sagebrush-steppe communities in the northern Great Basin region, numerous conifer-removal projects have been implemented, primarily to release understory vegetation at sites having a wide range of environmental conditions. Responses to these treatments have varied from successful restoration of native plant communities to complete conversion to nonnative invasive species. To evaluate the general response of understory vegetation to tree canopy removal in conifer-encroached shrublands, we set up a region-wide study that measured treatment-induced changes in understory cover and density. Eleven study sites located across four states in the Great Basin were established as statistical replicate blocks, each containing fire, mechanical, and control treatments. Different cover groups were measured prior to and during the first 3 yr following treatment. There was a general pattern of response across the wide range of site conditions. There was an immediate increase in bare ground and decrease in tall perennial grasses following the fire treatment, but both recovered by the second or third growing season after treatment. Tall perennial grass cover increased in the mechanical treatment in the second and third year, and in the fire treatment cover was higher than the control by year 3. Nonnative grass and forb cover did not increase in the fire and mechanical treatments in the first year but increased in the second and third years. Perennial forb cover increased in both the fire and mechanical treatments. The recovery of herbaceous cover groups was from increased growth of residual vegetation, not density. Sagebrush declined in the fire treatment, but seedling density increased in both treatments. Biological soil crust declined in the fire treatment, with no indications of recovery. Differences in plant response that occurred between mechanical and fire treatments should be considered when selecting management options. C1 [Miller, Richard F.; Ratchford, Jaime] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Tausch, Robin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Hulet, April] ARS, USDA, Fire Treatments, OR 97720 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Miller, RF (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Range Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Richard.miller@oregonstate.edu FU US Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX We wish to thank Cliff Pereia, associate professor of statistics at Oregon State University, for his valuable guidance related to the statistical analysis. This is Contribution Number 85 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, and the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative. NR 105 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 48 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 468 EP 481 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00003.1 PG 14 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000004 ER PT J AU Roundy, BA Miller, RF Tausch, RJ Young, K Hulet, A Rau, B Jessop, B Chambers, JC Eggett, D AF Roundy, Bruce A. Miller, Richard F. Tausch, Robin J. Young, Kert Hulet, April Rau, Ben Jessop, Brad Chambers, Jeanne C. Eggett, Dennis TI Understory Cover Responses to Pinon-Juniper Treatments Across Tree Dominance Gradients in the Great Basin SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE brush control; mastication; mechanical treatments; prescribed fire; resilience; state and transition; thresholds ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SAGEBRUSH ECOSYSTEMS; BROMUS-TECTORUM; UTAH JUNIPER; WOODLANDS; VEGETATION; RESTORATION; FRAMEWORK; DYNAMICS; NITROGEN AB Pinon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees are reduced to restore native vegetation and avoid severe fires where they have expanded into sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) communities. However, what phase of tree infilling should treatments target to retain desirable understory cover and avoid weed dominance? Prescribed fire and tree felling were applied to 8-20-ha treatment plots at 11 sites across the Great Basin with a tree-shredding treatment also applied to four Utah sites. Treatments were applied across a tree infilling gradient as quantified by a covariate tree dominance index (TDI=tree cover/[tree+shrub+tall perennial grass coved). Mixed model analysis of covariance indicated that treatment x covariate interactions were significant (P < 0.05) for most vegetation functional groups 3 yr after treatment. Shrub cover was most reduced with fire at any TD1 or by mechanical treatment after infilling resulted in over 50% shrub cover loss (TDI > 0.4). Fire increased cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) cover by an average of 4.2% for all values of TDI. Cutting or shredding trees generally produced similar responses and increased total perennial herbaceous and cheatgrass cover by an average of 10.2% and 3.8%, at TDIs >= 0.35 and >= 0.45. Cheatgrass cover estimated across the region was < 6% after treatment, but two warmer sites had high cheatgrass cover before (19.2% and 27.2%) and after tree reduction (26.6% and 50.4%). Fuel control treatments are viable management options for increasing understory cover across a range of sites and tree cover gradients, but should be accompanied by revegetation on warmer sites with depleted understories where cheatgrass is highly adapted. Shrub and perennial herbaceous cover can be maintained by mechanically treating at lower TDI. Perennial herbaceous cover is key for avoiding biotic and abiotic thresholds in this system through resisting weed dominance and erosion. C1 [Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Miller, Richard F.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Tausch, Robin J.; Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Young, Kert] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hulet, April] ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Rau, Ben] ARS, USDA, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jessop, Brad] Bur Land Management, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA. [Eggett, Dennis] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Stat, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Roundy, BA (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, 4105 LSB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM bruce_roundy@byu.edu FU US Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX We acknowledge the Bureau of Land Management and US Forest Service personnel who planned and implemented treatments and the numerous students who collected field data. This is Contribution Number 78 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, and the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative. NR 72 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 25 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 482 EP 494 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00018.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000005 ER PT J AU Roundy, BA Young, K Cline, N Hulet, A Miller, RF Tausch, RJ Chambers, JC Rau, B AF Roundy, Bruce A. Young, Kert Cline, Nathan Hulet, April Miller, Richard F. Tausch, Robin J. Chambers, Jeanne C. Rau, Ben TI Pinon-Juniper Reduction Increases Soil Water Availability of the Resource Growth Pool SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE infilling; mechanical treatments; prescribed fire; resilience; resistance; soil temperature; weed invasion ID FUNCTIONAL DIFFERENCES; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION; WOODLAND; DYNAMICS; STEPPE; ESTABLISHMENT; ENCROACHMENT; INVASIBILITY; GERMINATION AB Managers reduce pinon (Pinus spp.) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees that are encroaching on sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) communities to lower fuel loads and increase cover of desirable understory species. All plant species in these communities depend on soil water held at >-1.5 MPa matric potential in the upper 0.3 m of soil for nutrient diffusion to roots and major growth in spring (resource growth pool). We measured soil water matric potentials and temperatures using gypsum blocks and thermocouples buried at 0.01-0.3 m on tree, shrub, and interspace microsites to characterize the seasonal soil climate of 13 tree-encroached sites across the Great Basin. We also tested the effects of initial tree infilling phase and tree control treatments of prescribed fire, tree cutting, and tree shredding on time of available water and soil temperature of the resource growth pool on nine sites. Both prescribed fire and mechanical tree reduction similarly increased the time that soil water was available (matric potential >-1.5 MPa) in spring, but this increase was greatest (up to 26 d) when treatments were applied at high tree dominance. As plant cover increased with time since treatment, the additional time of available water decreased. However, even in the fourth year after treatment, available water was 8.6 d and 18 d longer on treatments applied at mid and high tree dominance compared to untreated plots, indicating ongoing water availability to support continued increases in residual plants or annual invaders in the future. To increase resistance to invasive annual grasses managers should either treat at lower or mid tree dominance when there is still high cover of desirable residual vegetation or seed desirable species to use increased resources from tree reduction. This strategy is especially critical on warmer sites, which have high climate suitability to invasive species such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) C1 [Roundy, Bruce A.; Young, Kert; Cline, Nathan] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hulet, April] ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Miller, Richard F.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Tausch, Robin J.; Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Rau, Ben] ARS, USDA, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Roundy, BA (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, 4105 LSB, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM bruce_roundy@byu.edu FU US Joint Fire Science Program; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Bureau of Land Management FX Authors thank Bureau of Land Management and US Forest Service personnel for implementing treatments. Authors thank Brad Jessop, Jaime Ratchford, and Darrell Roundy for assistance installing measurement stations. We especially acknowledge Shad Roundy for assistance with data analysis and Virginia Roundy for assistance in maintaining stations. This is Contribution Number 86 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, and the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative. NR 50 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 35 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 495 EP 505 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00022.1 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000006 ER PT J AU Rau, BM Chambers, JC Pyke, DA Roundy, BA Schupp, EW Doescher, P Caldwell, TG AF Rau, Benjamin M. Chambers, Jeanne C. Pyke, David A. Roundy, Bruce A. Schupp, Eugene W. Doescher, Paul Caldwell, Todd G. TI Soil Resources Influence Vegetation and Response to Fire and Fire-Surrogate Treatments in Sagebrush-Steppe Ecosystems SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE exotic annual grass; herbicide; mowing; prescribed fire; soil nutrients; soil water ID BROME BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; PRESCRIBED FIRE; GLOBAL CHANGE; NITROGEN; CHEATGRASS; WATER; COMPETITION; GRASSES AB Current paradigm suggests that spatial and temporal competition for resources limit an exotic invader, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), which once established, alters fire regimes and can result in annual grass dominance in sagebrush steppe. Prescribed fire and fire surrogate treatments (mowing, tebuthiuron, and imazapic) are used to reduce woody fuels and increase resistance to exotic annuals, but may alter resource availability and inadvertently favor invasive species. We used four study sites within the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP) to evaluate 1) how vegetation and soil resources were affected by treatment, and 2) how soil resources influenced native herbaceous perennial and exotic annual grass cover before and following treatment. Treatments increased resin exchangeable NH4+, NO3-, H2PO4-, and K+, with the largest increases caused by prescribed fire and prolonged by application of imazapic. Burning with imazapic application also increased the number of wet growing degree days. Tebuthiuron and imazapic reduced exotic annual grass cover, but imazapic also reduced herbaceous perennial cover when used with prescribed fire. Native perennial herbaceous species cover was higher where mean annual precipitation and soil water resources were relatively high. Exotic annual grass cover was higher where resin exchangeable H2PO4- was high and gaps between perennial plants were large. Prescribed fire, mowing, and tebuthiuron were successful at increasing perennial herbaceous cover, but the results were often ephemeral and inconsistent among sites. Locations with sandy soil, low mean annual precipitation, or low soil water holding capacity were more likely to experience increased exotic annual grass cover after treatment, and treatments that result in slow release of resources are needed on these sites. This is one of few studies that correlate abiotic variables to native and exotic species cover across a broad geographic setting, and that demonstrates how soil resources potentially influence the outcome of management treatments. C1 [Rau, Benjamin M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Pyke, David A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Schupp, Eugene W.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Doescher, Paul] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Caldwell, Todd G.] Univ Texas Austin, Bur Econ Geol, Austin, TX 78713 USA. [Rau, Benjamin M.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP Rau, BM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, 241 Gateway Dr, Aiken, SC 29803 USA. EM benjaminmrau@fs.fed.us RI Schupp, Eugene/F-1834-2010; Caldwell, Todd/H-5129-2011 OI Caldwell, Todd/0000-0003-4068-0648 FU US Joint Fire Science Program; Bureau of Land Management; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative FX We would like to thank all of the field crews for collecting samples and data over many hot summers. We thank the management agencies for conducting the necessary regulatory clearances and implementing the treatments to make this research possible. Finally we thank the Associate Editor and three anonymous reviewers for careful reviews and suggestions to improve the quality of this manuscript. This is Contribution Number 79 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, and the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative. NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 24 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 506 EP 521 DI 10.2111/REM-D-14-00027.1 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000007 ER PT J AU Pierson, FB Williams, CJ Kormos, PR Al-Hamdan, OZ AF Pierson, Frederick B. Williams, C. Jason Kormos, Patrick R. Al-Hamdan, Osama Z. TI Short-Term Effects of Tree Removal on Infiltration, Runoff, and Erosion in Woodland-Encroached Sagebrush Steppe SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE aggregate stability; hydrophobicity; juniper; pinon; prescribed fire; rangeland; restoration; soil water repellency; tree mastication ID SOIL-WATER REPELLENCY; PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND; WESTERN JUNIPER; PRESCRIBED-FIRE; BROMUS-TECTORUM; AGGREGATE STABILITY; RANGELAND HYDROLOGY; TRANSITION MODELS; SEMIARID WOODLAND; CENTRAL OREGON AB Land owners and managers across the western United States are increasingly searching for methods to evaluate and mitigate the effects of woodland encroachment on sagebrush steppe ecosystems. We used small-plot scale (0.5 m(2)) rainfall simulations and measures of vegetation, ground cover, and soils to investigate woodland response to tree removal (prescribed fire and mastication) at two late-succession woodlands. We also evaluated the effects of burning on soil water repellency and effectiveness of aggregate stability indices to detect changes in erosion potential. Plots were located in interspaces between tree and shrub canopies and on undercanopy tree and shrub microsites. Erosion from untreated interspaces in the two woodlands differed more than 6-fold, and erosion responses to prescribed burning differed by woodland site. High-intensity rainfall (102 mm . h(-1)) on the less erodible woodland generated amplified runoff and erosion from tree microsites postfire, but erosion (45-75 g . m(-2)) was minor relative to the 3-13-fold fire-induced increase in erosion on tree microsites at the highly erodible site (240 295 g . m(-2)). Burning the highly erodible woodland also generated a 7-fold increase in erosion from shrub microsites (220-230 g .m(-2)) and 280-350 g . m(-2) erosion from interspaces. High levels of runoff (40-45 mm) and soil erosion (230-275 g . m(-2)) on unburned interspaces at the more erodible site were reduced 4-5-fold (10 mm and 50 g . m(-2)) by masticated tree material. The results demonstrate that similarly degraded conditions at woodland-encroached sites may elicit differing hydrologic and erosion responses to treatment and that treatment decisions should consider inherent site-specific erodibility when evaluating tree-removal alternatives. Strong soil water repellency was detected from 0 cm to 3 cm soil depth underneath unburned tree canopies at both woodlands and its strength was not altered by burning. However, fire removal of litter exacerbated repellency effects on infiltration, runoff generation, and erosion. The aggregate stability index method detected differences in relative soil stability between areas underneath trees and in the intercanopy at both sites, but failed to provide any indication of between-site differences in erodibility or the effects of burning on soil erosion potential. C1 [Pierson, Frederick B.; Williams, C. Jason; Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.] ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Kormos, Patrick R.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Kormos, Patrick R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Al-Hamdan, Osama Z.] Univ Idaho, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Pierson, FB (reprint author), ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Pk Blvd,Suite 105, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM fred.pierson@ars.usda.gov OI Kormos, Patrick/0000-0003-1874-9215; Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 FU US Joint Fire Science Program; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Bureau of Land Management FX The authors thank Jaime Calderon and Mathew Frisby for assistance with data collection. We also thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions improved the manuscript. This is Contribution Number 89 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, and the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative. NR 99 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 36 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 522 EP 538 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00033.1 PG 17 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000008 ER PT J AU Hulet, A Roundy, BA Petersen, SL Bunting, SC Jensen, RR Roundy, DB AF Hulet, April Roundy, Bruce A. Petersen, Steven L. Bunting, Stephen C. Jensen, Ryan R. Roundy, Darrell B. TI Utilizing National Agriculture Imagery Program Data to Estimate Tree Cover and Biomass of Pinon and Juniper Woodlands SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE remote sensing; object-based image analysis; biomass; Pinus; Juniperus; eCognition (R) Developer ID SCALE AERIAL IMAGERY; WESTERN JUNIPER; CANOPY COVER; CLASSIFICATION; INFORMATION; PHOTOGRAPHY; VALIDATION; RANGELAND; AGREEMENT; VARIABLES AB With the encroachment of pinon (Pinus ssp.) and juniper (Juniperus ssp.) woodlands onto sagebrush steppe rangelands, there is an increasing interest in rapid, accurate, and inexpensive quantification methods to estimate tree canopy cover and aboveground biomass. The objectives of this study were 1) to evaluate the relationship and agreement of pinon and juniper (P-J) canopy cover estimates, using object-based image analysis (OBIA) techniques and National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP, 1-m pixel resolution) imagery with ground measurements, and 2) to investigate the relationship between remotely-sensed P-J canopy cover and ground-measured aboveground biomass. For the OBIA, we used eCognition (R) Developer 8.8 software to extract tree canopy cover from NAIP imagery across 12 P-J woodlands within the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP) network. The P-J woodlands were categorized based on the dominant tree species found at the individual sites for the analysis (western juniper, Utah juniper, and mixed P-J community). Following tree canopy cover extractions, relationships were assessed between remotely-sensed canopy cover and ground-measured aboveground biomass. Our OBIA estimates for P-J canopy cover were highly correlated with ground-measured tree canopy cover (averaged across all regions r=0.92). However, differences between methods occurred for western and Utah juniper sites (P < 0.05), and were more prominent where tree canopy cover was >40%. There were high degrees of correlation between predicted aboveground biomass estimates with the use of remotely-sensed tree canopy cover and ground-measured aboveground biomass (averaged across all regions r=0.89). Our results suggest that OBIA methods combined with NAIP imagery can provide land managers with quantitative data that can be used to evaluate P-J woodland cover and aboveground biomass rapidly, on broad scales. Although some accuracy and precision may be lost when utilizing aerial imagery to identify P-J canopy cover and aboveground biomass, it is a reasonable alternative to ground monitoring and inventory practices. C1 [Hulet, April] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Roundy, Bruce A.; Petersen, Steven L.; Roundy, Darrell B.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Bunting, Stephen C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Jensen, Ryan R.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Hulet, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM april.hulet@oregonstate.edu RI Ma, Lei/I-4597-2014 FU US Joint Fire Science Program; National Interagency Fire Center; Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Brigham Young University; Bureau of Land Management FX We are grateful to Jim McIver and Dustin Johnson for reviewing earlier versions of this manuscript. As well as Brad Jessop, Jaime Ratchford, and Travis Miller for substantial field support. We also appreciate the reviews by the anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor. This is Contribution Number 17 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP); funding was provided by the US Joint Fire Science Program, the Bureau of Land Management, the National Interagency Fire Center, the Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative, and Brigham Young University. NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 24 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 563 EP 572 DI 10.2111/REM-D-13-00044.1 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000011 ER PT J AU McIver, J Brunson, M Bunting, S Chambers, J Doescher, P Grace, J Hulet, A Johnson, D Knick, S Miller, R Pellant, M Pierson, F Pyke, D Rau, B Rollins, K Roundy, B Schupp, E Tausch, R Williams, J AF McIver, James Brunson, Mark Bunting, Steve Chambers, Jeanne Doescher, Paul Grace, James Hulet, April Johnson, Dale Knick, Steve Miller, Richard Pellant, Mike Pierson, Fred Pyke, David Rau, Benjamin Rollins, Kim Roundy, Bruce Schupp, Eugene Tausch, Robin Williams, Jason TI A Synopsis of Short-Term Response to Alternative Restoration Treatments in Sagebrush-Steppe: The SageSTEP Project SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cheatgrass invasion; ecological resilience; ecosystem management; environmental gradients; sagebrush restoration; woodland expansion ID ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; JUNIPER ENCROACHMENT; RESILIENCE; WILDFIRE; SHRUBLANDS; WOODLAND; EROSION; BASIN; USA AB The Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP) is an integrated long-term study that evaluates ecological effects of alternative treatments designed to reduce woody fuels and to stimulate the herbaceous understory of sagebrush steppe communities of the Intermountain West. This synopsis summarizes results through 3 yr posttreatment. Woody vegetation reduction by prescribed fire, mechanical treatments, or herbicides initiated a cascade of effects, beginning with increased availability of nitrogen and soil water, followed by increased growth of herbaceous vegetation. Response of butterflies and magnitudes of runoff and erosion closely followed herbaceous vegetation recovery. Effects on shrubs, biological soil crust, tree cover, surface woody fuel loads, and sagebrush-obligate bird communities will take longer to be fully expressed. In the short term, cool wet sites were more resilient than warm dry sites, and resistance was mostly dependent on pretreatment herbaceous cover. At least 10 yr of posttreatment time will likely be necessary to determine outcomes for most sites. Mechanical treatments did not serve as surrogates for prescribed fire in how each influenced the fuel bed, the soil, erosion, and sage-obligate bird communities. Woody vegetation reduction by any means resulted in increased availability of soil water, higher herbaceous cover, and greater butterfly numbers. We identified several trade-offs (desirable outcomes for some variables, undesirable for others), involving most components of the study system. Trade-offs are inevitable when managing complex natural systems, and they underline the importance of asking questions about the whole system when developing management objectives. Substantial spatial and temporal heterogeneity in sagebrush steppe ecosystems emphasizes the point that there will rarely be a "recipe" for choosing management actions on any specific area. Use of a consistent evaluation process linked to monitoring may be the best chance managers have for arresting woodland expansion and cheatgrass invasion that may accelerate in a future warming climate. C1 [McIver, James] Oregon State Univ, Union, OR 97883 USA. [Brunson, Mark; Schupp, Eugene] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Bunting, Steve] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Chambers, Jeanne] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Doescher, Paul; Miller, Richard] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Grace, James] US Geol Survey, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Hulet, April] ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Johnson, Dale; Rollins, Kim] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Knick, Steve] US Geol Survey, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Pellant, Mike] Bur Land Management, Boise, ID 83709 USA. [Pierson, Fred; Williams, Jason] ARS, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Pyke, David] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Rau, Benjamin] ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Roundy, Bruce] Brigham Young Univ, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Tausch, Robin] US Forest Serv, Reno, NV 89512 USA. RP McIver, J (reprint author), EOARC POB E,372 S 10th St, Union, OR 97883 USA. EM james.mciver@oregonstate.edu RI Schupp, Eugene/F-1834-2010; Rollins, Kimberly/N-9092-2013; OI Rollins, Kimberly/0000-0002-0720-006X; Williams, Jason/0000-0002-6289-4789 FU US Joint Fire Science Program [05-S-08]; Bureau of Land Management (Washington Office); National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC); Great Northern Land Conservation Cooperative (USFWS) FX Lee Barkow (Bureau of Land Management) was instrumental in encouraging the Joint Fire Science Program to provide initial support for the SageSTEP project. Logistical support for treatment implementation and ongoing site maintenance has been provided by the Bureau of Land Management, US Forest Service (Region 5), US Fish and Wildlife Service, and The Nature Conservancy. Comments from Karen Erickson, Lael Gilbert, and David Briske greatly improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This is Contribution Number 108 of the Sagebrush Steppe Treatment Evaluation Project (SageSTEP), funded by the US Joint Fire Science Program (05-S-08), the Bureau of Land Management (Washington Office), the National Interagency Fire Center (NIFC), and the Great Northern Land Conservation Cooperative (USFWS). NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 32 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 EI 1551-5028 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 5 BP 584 EP 598 DI 10.2111/REM-D-14-00084.1 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AR3ZY UT WOS:000343529000013 ER PT J AU Shuai, YM Masek, JG Gao, F Schaaf, CB He, T AF Shuai, Yanmin Masek, Jeffrey G. Gao, Feng Schaaf, Crystal B. He, Tao TI An approach for the long-term 30-m land surface snow-free albedo retrieval from historic Landsat surface reflectance and MODIS-based a priori anisotropy knowledge SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Albedo algorithm; Landsat; MODIS BRDF; Forest disturbance ID BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; HEMISPHERICAL REFLECTANCE; DIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CORRECTION; PARAMETERIZATION SIB2; VEGETATION CANOPIES; FOREST DISTURBANCE; NADIR REFLECTANCE; USE EFFICIENCY; BOREAL FOREST AB Land surface albedo has been recognized by the Global Terrestrial Observing System (GTOS) as an essential climate variable crucial for accurate modeling and monitoring of the Earth's radiative budget. While global climate studies can leverage albedo datasets from MODIS, VIIRS, and other coarse-resolution sensors, many applications in heterogeneous environments can benefit from higher-resolution albedo products derived from Landsat We previously developed a "MODIS-concurrent" approach for the 30-meter albedo estimation which relied on combining post-2000 Landsat data with MODIS Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function (BRDF) information. Here we present a "pre-MODIS era" approach to extend 30-m surface albedo generation in time back to the 1980s, through an a priori anisotropy Look-Up Table (LUT) built up from the high quality MCD43A BRDF estimates over representative homogenous regions. Each entry in the LUT reflects a unique combination of land cover, seasonality, terrain information, disturbance age and type, and Landsat optical spectral bands. An initial conceptual WT was created for the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United-States and provides BRDF shapes estimated from MODIS observations for undisturbed and disturbed surface types (including recovery trajectories of burned areas and non-fire disturbances). By accepting the assumption of a generally invariant BRDF shape for similar land surface structures as a priori information, spectral white-sky and black-sky albedos are derived through albedo-to-nadir reflectance ratios as a bridge between the Landsat and MODIS scale. A further narrow-to-broadband conversion based on radiative transfer simulations is adopted to produce broadband albedos at visible, near infrared, and shortwave regimes. We evaluate the accuracy of resultant Landsat albedo using available field measurements at forested AmeriFlux stations in the PNW region, and examine the consistency of the surface albedo generated by this approach respectively with that from the "concurrent" approach and the coincident MODIS operational surface albedo products. Using the tower measurements as reference, the derived Landsat 30-m snow-free shortwave broadband albedo yields an absolute accuracy of 0.02 with a root mean square error less than 0.016 and a bias of no more than 0.007. A further cross-comparison over individual scenes shows that the retrieved white sky shortwave albedo from the "pre-MODIS era" LUT approach is highly consistent (R-2 = 0.988, the scene-averaged low RMSE = 0.009 and bias = -0.005) with that generated by the earlier "concurrent" approach. The Landsat albedo also exhibits more detailed landscape texture and a wider dynamic range of albedo values than the coincident 500-m MODIS operational products (MCD43A3), especially in the heterogeneous regions. Collectively, the "pre-MODIS" LUT and "concurrent" approaches provide a practical way to retrieve long-term Landsat albedo from the historic Landsat archives as far back as the 19805, as well as the current Landsat-8 mission, and thus support investigations into the evolution of the albedo of terrestrial biomes at fine resolution. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shuai, Yanmin] Earth Resources Technol Inc, NASA, GSFC, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Masek, Jeffrey G.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Gao, Feng] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Schaaf, Crystal B.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [He, Tao] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Shuai, YM (reprint author), Earth Resources Technol Inc, NASA, GSFC, Biospher Sci Lab, Code 618, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM shuaiym@gmail.com RI Masek, Jeffrey/D-7673-2012; He, Tao/H-5130-2012 OI He, Tao/0000-0003-2079-7988 FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program via a "Science of Terra/Aqua" [NNX11AG53G]; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [G12PC00072]; MODIS team under NASA [NNX12AL38G] FX This study was supported by the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program via a "Science of Terra/Aqua" grant (#NNX11AG53G) and partly by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landsat science team grant (G12PC00072). The authors would like to thank AmeriFlux network for providing ground data, the extra help on ground details from Drs. Beverly E. Law, Christoph Thomas, William J. Massman, Sean Burns, and Tilden P. Meyers. We thank the LEDAPS project and USGS for providing Landsat surface reflectance, Dr. Zhuosen Wang and the entire MODIS team under NASA grant NNX12AL38G for the generation of operational MCD43A (V005), the Multi-Resolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) consortium to provide NLCD 2006 dataset, the USDA forest service-RSAC and USGS-EROS for the publish of annual MTBS dataset, and Jet Propulsion Laboratory for the open of SRTM data as well University of Maryland for the further process on SRTM and the generation of NAFD data. NR 97 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 152 BP 467 EP 479 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.07.009 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AR2CW UT WOS:000343392200035 ER PT J AU Meingast, KM Falkowski, MJ Kane, ES Potvin, LR Benscoter, BW Smith, AMS Bourgeau-Chavez, LL Miller, ME AF Meingast, Karl M. Falkowski, Michael J. Kane, Evan S. Potvin, Lynette R. Benscoter, Brian W. Smith, Alistair M. S. Bourgeau-Chavez, Laura L. Miller, Mary Ellen TI Spectral detection of near-surface moisture content and water-table position in northern peatland ecosystems SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Peatland; Water table; Moisture content; Fire; Spectral; Hyperspectral ID FIRE DANGER ASSESSMENT; SOIL-MOISTURE; SPHAGNUM MOSSES; FOREST-FIRE; REFLECTANCE DATA; BOREAL FORESTS; LIQUID WATER; SAR DATA; VEGETATION; INDEXES AB Wildland fire occurrence has been increasing in peatland ecosystems during recent decades. As such, there is a need for broadly applicable tools to detect and monitor controls on combustion such as surface peat moisture and water-table position. A field portable spectroradiometer was used to measure surface reflectance of two Sphagnum moss-dominated peatland experiments, one being an experimental study utilizing a factorial experiment of vegetation and water-table manipulations and the other being a field site located in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan that is broadly representative of northern peatland ecosystems. Relationships were developed correlating spectral indices to surface moisture as well as water-table position using the surface reflectance data. Spectral convolutions, or integrations of the hyperspectral data with the relative spectral response curves of multispectral sensors, were also applied to represent spectral sensitivity of commonly used Earth observing sensors. Band ratios previously used to monitor surface moisture with these sensors were assessed. Strong relationships with surface moisture and water-table position are evident for both the narrow-band indices as well as broad-band indices. This study also revealed a dependence of spectral relationships on changes in vegetation cover, particularly ericoid shrubs, within the vegetation manipulation experiment. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Meingast, Karl M.; Kane, Evan S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Falkowski, Michael J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kane, Evan S.; Potvin, Lynette R.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Benscoter, Brian W.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Smith, Alistair M. S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Bourgeau-Chavez, Laura L.; Miller, Mary Ellen] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Falkowski, MJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM kmmeinga@mtu.edu; mfalkows@umn.edu; eskane@mtu.edu; lrpotvin@fs.fed.us; bbenscot@fau.edu; alistair@uidaho.edu; lchavez@mtu.edu; marymill@mtu.edu RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014; Benscoter, Brian/K-8105-2016; OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958; Benscoter, Brian/0000-0002-2706-4667; Potvin, Lynette/0000-0001-5029-6266 FU NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program [NNX14AF96G, NNX12AK31G, NNX09AM156]; Joint Fire Sciences Program [L11AC20267-JFSP 11-1-5-16]; National Science Foundation [DEB-1146149] FX This project was primarily supported by the NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program (Grants: NNX14AF96G, NNX12AK31G, NNX09AM156) and the Joint Fire Sciences Program (Grant: L11AC20267-JFSP 11-1-5-16). The National Science Foundation (DEB-1146149), The USDA Forest Service and the MTU Ecosystem Science Center provided additional in kind support. We are grateful to Plum Creek Timber for allowing this research to be conducted on the Nestoria Field site. The authors would also like to thank Dr. Thomas Oommen and Dr. Nancy French as well as two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions on the manuscript NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 EI 1879-0704 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 152 BP 536 EP 546 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2014.07.014 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AR2CW UT WOS:000343392200040 ER PT J AU Alpers, DH Bier, DM Carpenter, KJ McCormick, DB Miller, AB Jacques, PF AF Alpers, David H. Bier, Dennis M. Carpenter, Kenneth J. McCormick, Donald B. Miller, Anthony B. Jacques, Paul F. TI History and Impact of Nutritional Epidemiology SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material AB The real and important role of epidemiology was discussed, noting heretofore unknown associations that led to improved understanding of the cause and prevention of individual nutritional deficiencies. However, epidemiology has been less successful in linking individual nutrients to the cause of chronic diseases, such as cancer and cardiovascular disease. Dietary changes, such as decreasing caloric intake to prevent cancer and the Mediterranean diet to prevent diabetes, were confirmed as successful approaches to modifying the incidence of chronic diseases. The role of the epidemiologist was confirmed as a collaborator, not an isolated expert of last resort. The challenge for the future is to decide which epidemiologic methods and study designs are most useful in studying chronic disease, then to determine which associations and the hypotheses derived from them are especially strong and worthy of pursuit, and finally to design randomized studies that are feasible, affordable, and likely to result in confirmation or refutation of these hypotheses. C1 [Alpers, David H.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Bier, Dennis M.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Carpenter, Kenneth J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Nutr Sci & Toxicol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [McCormick, Donald B.] Emory Univ, Dept Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [McCormick, Donald B.] Emory Univ, Grad Program Nutr & Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Miller, Anthony B.] Univ Toronto, Dalla Lana Sch Publ Hlth, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Jacques, Paul F.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Alpers, DH (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM dalpers@dom.wustl.edu FU American Society for Nutrition (ASN); ASN History of Nutrition Committee FX The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) and the ASN History of Nutrition Committee. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 5 BP 534 EP 536 DI 10.3945/an114.006353 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ7DG UT WOS:000342972200006 PM 25469385 ER PT J AU Blumberg, JB Ding, EL Dixon, R Pasinetti, GM Villarreal, F AF Blumberg, Jeffrey B. Ding, Eric L. Dixon, Richard Pasinetti, Giulio Maria Villarreal, Francisco TI The Science of Cocoa Flavanols: Bioavailability, Emerging Evidence, and Proposed Mechanisms SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHOCOLATE CONSUMPTION; METAANALYSIS; RISK AB Over the past 20 y, evidence derived from in vitro experiments, animal models, observational studies, and clinical interventions have suggested that cacao (cocoa) flavonoids act through a variety of mechanisms to modify a number of risk factors associated with chronic conditions, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recent studies have elucidated the synthesis of flavonoids by plants, making available for research specific flavonoids and their metabolites. The body of evidence suggesting that cocoa flavanols may play a role in reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease has been sufficient to generate several systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Studies are now being directed to identify the molecular pathways underlying the effect of cocoa flavanols, and clinical trials are being planned to test their impact on disease endpoints. C1 [Blumberg, Jeffrey B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ding, Eric L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Dixon, Richard] Univ N Texas, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Pasinetti, Giulio Maria] Dept Neurol, New York, NY USA. [Pasinetti, Giulio Maria] Friedman Brain Inst, New York, NY USA. [Pasinetti, Giulio Maria] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Pasinetti, Giulio Maria] James Peters Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Villarreal, Francisco] Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Blumberg, JB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jeffreyblumberg@tufts.edu RI Infante, Diogenes/A-8444-2015 OI Infante, Diogenes/0000-0002-8312-2198 FU Chocolate Council of the National Confectioners Association FX The authors appreciate the support of the Chocolate Council of the National Confectioners Association. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 5 BP 547 EP 549 DI 10.3945/an.114.006478 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ7DG UT WOS:000342972200010 PM 25469389 ER PT J AU Baer, DJ Bradley, BHR Kris-Etherton, P Mente, A Otto, MD AF Baer, David J. Bradley, Beth H. Rice Kris-Etherton, Penny Mente, Andrew Otto, Marcia de Oliveira TI Insights and Perspectives on Dietary Modifications to Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; MEDITERRANEAN DIET; FATTY-ACIDS; POPULATION; PATTERNS; METAANALYSIS; CHOLESTEROL; MORTALITY; PROJECT; WOMEN AB This article summarizes presentations from "Insights and Perspectives on Dietary Modifications to Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease," a symposium held at the ASN Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions in conjunction with Experimental Biology 2014 in San Diego, CA on 26 April 2014. Presenters reviewed historic and current evidence on the relation between diet and cardiovascular disease (CVD) to identify gaps in knowledge, discuss the promises and pitfalls of macronutrient replacement strategies in the diet, and suggest various options for issuing dietary guidance aimed at reducing the burden of CVD morbidity and mortality. Observational studies and clinical trials indicate that overall diet quality have a marked impact on health benefits, which is shifting the emphasis on recommending healthful dietary patterns to focusing only on single nutrients or foods C1 [Baer, David J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Bradley, Beth H. Rice] Dairy Res Inst, Rosemont, IL USA. [Kris-Etherton, Penny] Penn State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Mente, Andrew] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Otto, Marcia de Oliveira] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. FU American Society for Nutrition (ASN); California Walnut Commission, the Almond Board of California FX The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) and supported by an unrestricted educational grant provided by the Dairy Research Institute.; Supported by the California Walnut Commission, the Almond Board of California, and Kellogg's (all to D.J.B.). NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 5 BP 553 EP 555 DI 10.3945/an.114.006510 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ7DG UT WOS:000342972200012 PM 25469391 ER PT J AU Brown, AW Ioannidis, JPA Cope, MB Bier, DM Allison, DB AF Brown, Andrew W. Ioannidis, John P. A. Cope, Mark B. Bier, Dennis M. Allison, David B. TI Unscientific Beliefs about Scientific Topics in Nutrition SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID OBESITY AB Humans interact with food daily. Such repeated exposure creates a widespread, superficial familiarity with nutrition. Personal familiarity with nutrition from individual and cultural perspectives may give rise to beliefs about food not grounded in scientific evidence. In this summary of the session entitled "Unscientific Beliefs about Scientific Topics in Nutrition," we discuss accumulated work illustrating and quantifying potentially misleading practices in the conduct and, more so, reporting of nutrition science along with proposed approaches to amelioration. We begin by defining "unscientific beliefs" and from where such beliefs may come, followed by discussing how large bodies of nutritional epidemiologic observations not only create highly improbable patterns of association but implausible magnitudes of implied effect. Poor reporting practices, biases, and methodologic issues that have distorted scientific understandings of nutrition are presented, followed by potential influences of conflicts of interest that extend beyond financial considerations. We conclude with recommendations for improving the conduct, reporting, and communication of nutrition-related research to ground discussions in evidence rather than solely on beliefs. C1 [Brown, Andrew W.; Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Off Energet, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. [Brown, Andrew W.; Allison, David B.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Nutr Obes Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Cope, Mark B.] DuPont Nutr & Hlth, St Louis, MO USA. [Bier, Dennis M.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Brown, AW (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Off Energet, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. EM awbrown@uab.edu OI Allison, David/0000-0003-3566-9399; Brown, Andrew/0000-0002-1758-8205 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [T32DK062710]; American Society for Nutrition (ASN); ASN Nutritional Sciences Council FX This article is a summary of the symposium "Unscientific Beliefs about Scientific Topics in Nutrition" held 27 April 2014 at the ASN Scientific Sessions and Annual Meeting at Experimental Biology 2014 in San Diego, CA. The symposium was sponsored by the American Society for Nutrition (ASN) and the ASN Nutritional Sciences Council NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 EI 2156-5376 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 5 BP 563 EP 565 DI 10.3945/an.114006577 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AQ7DG UT WOS:000342972200016 PM 25469397 ER PT J AU Baumhardt, RL Mauget, SA Gowda, PH Brauer, DK AF Baumhardt, R. L. Mauget, S. A. Gowda, P. H. Brauer, D. K. TI Modeling Cotton Lint Yield Response to Irrigation Management as Influenced by El Nino-Southern Oscillation SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; HIGH-PLAINS; ENSO; CROP; SOIL; STRATEGIES; CLIMATE; US AB The declining High Plains or Ogallala Aquifer motivates U.S. producers to optimize water use and yield of drought-tolerant crops like cotton [Gossypium hirsuium (L)]. Systematic sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA) drive the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), resulting in predictable weather patterns in North America that could be exploited by irrigation strategies. Our objective was to compare cotton yield response to irrigation as altered by La Nina, Neutral, or El Nino phases for the Texas High Plains. We used actual 1959 to 2000 weather records with the simulation model GOSSYM to estimate lint yields for three progressively later emergence dates under 50 or 75% initial soil water conditions and all combinations of irrigation duration (0, 4, 6, 8, and 10 wk) and rate (2.5, 3.75,and 5.0 mm d(-1)). Simulated lint yield and its ratio to evapotranspiration generally decreased with emergence delays and increased with increasing irrigation amount and application rate. Growing season precipitation varied with ENSO phase, but April to June phase classification was inconsistent with fall conditions except for La Nina. Compared with yield estimates for Neutral and EL Nino phases, limited rain during La Nina years reduced lint yields from 5 to 30% when initial soil water was 75 and 50%. Yield increased with increasing irrigation rate and duration during drier La Nina growing seasons, but irrigation benefits decreased during Neutral and El Nino years having greater precipitation. Early ENSO based extended forecasts for La Nina related consistently to irrigation effects on yield and could determine application strategies. C1 [Baumhardt, R. L.; Gowda, P. H.; Brauer, D. K.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Mauget, S. A.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79424 USA. RP Baumhardt, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM r.louis.baumhardt@ars.usda.gov FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University; Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M Agri Life Extension Service, Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University FX This research was supported in part by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M Agri Life Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, disability, and where applicable, sex, marital status, familial status, parental status, religion, sexual orientation, genetic information, political beliefs, reprisal, or because allot part of an individual's income is derived from any public assistance program. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202) 720-2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write to USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410, or call (8(10) 795-3272 (voice) or (2(12) 7206382 (T DD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Received 24 Sept. 2013. *Corresponding author (r.louis.baurnhardt@ars.usda.gov). NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1559 EP 1568 DI 10.2134/agronj13.0451 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000003 ER PT J AU Wang, GJ Nyren, P Xue, QW Aberle, E Eriksmoen, E Tjelde, T Liebig, M Nichols, K Nyren, A AF Wang, G. -J. Nyren, P. Xue, Q. -W. Aberle, E. Eriksmoen, E. Tjelde, T. Liebig, M. Nichols, K. Nyren, A. TI Establishment and Yield of Perennial Grass Monocultures and Binary Mixtures for Bioenergy in North Dakota SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SWITCHGRASS PANICUM-VIRGATUM; UNITED-STATES; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; GREAT-PLAINS; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS; SEEDING RATES; BIG BLUESTEM; POPULATIONS; FEEDSTOCK; CULTIVARS AB To develop appropriate bioenergy production systems to match site-specific situations, establishment and yield were evaluated for switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), intermediate wheatgrass [Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth and D.R. Dewey], tall wheatgrass Thinopyruin ponticum (Podp.) Z.-W. Liu and R.-C. Wang], and three binary mixtures at four sites in North Dakota from 2006 to 2011. One year after seeding in 2007, intermediate wheatgrass, tall wheatgrass, a binary mixture of tall wheatgrass and intermediate wheatgrass, and a binary mixture of tall wheatgrass with 'Sunburst' switchgrass (dominated by tall wheatgrass) stand canopy cover was above 85% at all four sites. Sunburst switchgrass and its binary mixture with big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii Vitman) stand canopy cover reached 100% at Carrington, the most eastern site; anti below 35% at Williston, the most western site, 1 yr after seeding. Meanwhile, their stand canopy cover was more than 70% at Minot and Streeter, the north central anti south central sites, respectively, 2 to 3 yr after seeding. Sunburst switchgrass produced the highest biomass at Carrington (10.6 +/- 1.8 Mg ha(-1)), whereas intermediate wheatgrass was the highest at Williston (3.0 +/- 1.0 Mg ha(-1)). The binary mixture of tall wheatgrass with Sunburst switchgrass had the highest yield at Minot (8.5 +/- 2.5 Mg ha(-1)) and Streeter (6.7 +/- 1.9 Mg ha(-1)). Yields of binary mixtures were at least comparable to and sometimes higher than those of their compositional component monoculturcs. Binary mixtures with carefully selected species could have potential for bioenergy production systems in North Dakota. C1 [Wang, G. -J.; Nyren, P.; Nyren, A.] N Dakota State Univ, Cent Grasslands Res Extens Ctr, Streeter, ND 58483 USA. [Xue, Q. -W.] Texas A&M Univ, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Aberle, E.] N Dakota State Univ, Carrington Res Extens Ctr, Carrington, ND 58421 USA. [Eriksmoen, E.] N Dakota State Univ, North Cent Res Extens Ctr, Minot, ND 58701 USA. [Tjelde, T.] N Dakota State Univ, Williston Res Extens Ctr, Williston, ND 58801 USA. [Liebig, M.; Nichols, K.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Cent Grasslands Res Extens Ctr, 4824 48th Ave SE, Streeter, ND 58483 USA. EM guojie.wang@ndsu.edu FU North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station; USDA-ARS Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory; North Dakota Natural Resources Trust; North Dakota Industrial Commission; North Dakota Department of Commerce; North Dakota Game and Fish Department; North Dakota Farmers' Union; Jamestown/Stutsman Development Corporation; Dakota West RCD; Dakota Prairie RCD; USDA-Renewable Energy and Products; USDA-NRCS; Ducks Unlimited FX This research was funded in part by the North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station, USDA-ARS Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, North Dakota Natural Resources Trust, North Dakota Industrial Commission, North Dakota Department of Commerce, North Dakota Game and Fish Department, North Dakota Farmers' Union, Jamestown/Stutsman Development Corporation, Dakota West RC&D, Dakota Prairie RC&D, USDA-Renewable Energy and Products, USDA-NRCS, and Ducks Unlimited. Special appreciation is extended to the following for help with this research: Bob Patton for data analysis; Dr. Matt Sanderson, Dr. Kevin Sedivec, and Dr. Xuejun Dong for reviewing the manuscript; Janet Patton and Matthew Danzl for English proofreading; and Dwight Schmidt, Rick Bohn, and Rodney Schmidt for technical assistance. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1605 EP 1613 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0068 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000008 ER PT J AU Pettigrew, WT Zeng, L AF Pettigrew, W. T. Zeng, L. TI Interactions among Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertility Regimes on Mid-South Cotton Production SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ABSCISIC-ACID ACCUMULATION; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM-L; SEASON WATER-STRESS; LEAF GAS-EXCHANGE; CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS; STOMATAL-RESISTANCE; YIELD COMPONENTS; LINT YIELD; PLANTS; DEFICIENCY AB To maximize profits, cotton (Gossypium birsutunt L.) producers must make the most efficient use of expensive production inputs, such as irrigation and N fertilization. Objectives for this research were to determine how cotton responded to varying levels of irrigation and N fertilization. Field studies were conducted from 2009 to 2012 at Stoneville, MS, using four cotton cultivars. Two soil moisture regimes (dryland and irrigated) and three N fertilization levels (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha(-1)) were imposed on these varieties. Dry matter partitioning, leaf chlorophyll (Chl) concentration, leaf Chl fluorescence, lint yield, yield components, and fiber quality data were collected on all the plots. All the cotton cultivars responded similarly to N fertilization and irrigation. Although cotton's growth responded to both N and irrigation, the level of the benefit from one of these inputs was dependent on the availability of the other component. The highest N fertility rate had higher leaf Chl levels and Fv/Fm fluorescence ratios. Lint yield did not respond to irrigation when no N had been applied. Similarly the lint yield N response was muted when the soil moisture was limited. These data will allow producers to make more informed irrigation and N input allocation decisions, apparently regardless of the cultivar grown. C1 [Pettigrew, W. T.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Zeng, L.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Pettigrew, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod Syst Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bill.pettigrew@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 22 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1614 EP 1622 DI 10.2134/agronj13.0457 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000009 ER PT J AU Read, JJ Lang, DJ Adeli, A AF Read, John J. Lang, David J. Adeli, Ardeshir TI Effects of Seasonal Nitrogen on Binary Mixtures of Tall Fescue and Bermudagrass SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BROILER LITTER APPLICATION; COASTAL BERMUDAGRASS; SUMMER DORMANCY; SOUTHERN PLAINS; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; FERTILIZATION; GRASSES; SOIL; RYEGRASS; MANURE AB Using poultry litter responsibly in cool-season/bermudagrass [Cynodon dadylon (L.) Pers.] production systems may require supplemental N fertilization. This study determined if productivity in binary mixtures of tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.)Dumort] and bermudagrass could be improved through applying litter and fertilizer N to coincide with seasonal growth activities. The effects of N timing on dry matter (DM) yield, forage N and P contents, and fescue percent stand were investigated in binary mixtures that comprised two tall fescue cultivars, Flecha MaxQ (summer-dormant) and Jesup MaxQ (summer-active) drill-seeded in 2007 into swards of Russell and Tifton 44 bermudagrass. Three seasonal N treatments were each comprised of 8.6 Mg litter ha(-1) (as-is moisture basis) split into two applications per season with additional 168 kg N ha-1 split into three applications. Based on two spring harvests (April and May), forage DM yield was greater (P < 0.01) for October/January treatment that applied N before April than January/March treatment that applied N in January-July (7.0 vs. 3.0 Mg ha(-1), 2 yr averages). Tall fescue stand count in May was greatest in October/January treatment and was greater in Jesup-Tifton 44 than Flecha-Tifton 44 in 2010 (79 vs. 59%). Based on five annual harvests, October/January treatment had the greatest cumulative N uptake of 189 and 182 kg ha(-1) in 2009 and 2010, respectively, and uptake was generally least in Flecha-bermudagrass associations. Results suggest N application timing to favor tall fescue increased the utilization of applied N and P. C1 [Read, John J.; Adeli, Ardeshir] USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Lang, David J.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Read, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM john.read@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1667 EP 1676 DI 10.2134/agronj13.0517 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000015 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Stevens, WB Caesar-TonThat, T Montagne, C AF Sainju, Upendra M. Stevens, William B. Caesar-TonThat, Thecan Montagne, Cliff TI Nitrogen Dynamics Affected by Management Practices in Croplands Transitioning from Conservation Reserve Program SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; SOIL CARBON SEQUESTRATION; CROP-LIVESTOCK SYSTEMS; ORGANIC-MATTER; DRYLAND SOIL; NO-TILL; FERTILIZATION; ROTATION; RESIDUE; STORAGE AB Management practices are needed to reduce N losses from croplands converted from Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). We evaluated the effects of irrigation, tillage, cropping system, and N fertilization on surface residue N, soil total nitrogen (STN), NH4-N, and NO3-N at the 0- to 85-cm depth in a sandy loam from 2005 to 2011 in croplands converted from CRP in western North Dakota. Treatments were two irrigation practices (irrigated vs. non-irrigated) and six cropping systems (CRP, conventional till malt barley [Hordeum vulgaris L.] with nitrogen fertilizer [CTBN], conventional till malt barley without nitrogen fertilizer ICTBOI, no-till malt barley pea (Pisum sativum L.) with nitrogen fertilizer [NTB-P], no-till malt barley with nitrogen fertilizer [NTBN], and no-till malt barley without nitrogen fertilizer [NTBO]). Surface residue N was greater in non-irrigated CRP than irrigated and non-irrigated CTBN, CTBO, and NTBO and non-irrigated NIB P. Soil total N at 0 to 10 cm was greater in irrigated CRP, but at 0 to 85 cm was greater in non-irrigated NTBN than irrigated CRP, CTBN, CTBO, and NTBO and non-irrigated NTB-P. Soil NH4-N content at 0 to 20 cm was also greater in irrigated CRP than irrigated and non-irrigated CTBO, NTB P, and NTBO. Soil NO3 N at 0 to 85 cm was greater in NTB P than CRP, CTBO, and NTBO. Because of increased soil N sequestration and NO3 N level, irrigated NIB P may be used to reduce soil N losses and optimize N availability compared to other treatments in croplands converted from CRP. C1 [Sainju, Upendra M.; Stevens, William B.; Caesar-TonThat, Thecan] USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Montagne, Cliff] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northern Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 North Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM upendra.sainju@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS-GRACEnet FX We greatly appreciate the excellent support provided by Bryan Gebhard and Bill Iversen for the management and irrigation of field plots and Joy Barsotti and Chris Russell for soil and plant sample collection and analysis in the laboratory. We also acknowledge for the partial financial support provided by USDA-ARS-GRACEnet project for this study. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1677 EP 1689 DI 10.2134/agront13.0481 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000016 ER PT J AU Yost, MA Russelle, MP Coulter, JA Bolstad, PV AF Yost, Matt A. Russelle, Michael P. Coulter, Jeffrey A. Bolstad, Paul V. TI Alfalfa Stand Length and Subsequent Crop Patterns in the Upper Midwestern United States SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PERENNIAL FORAGE CROPS; NITROGEN-FERTILIZATION; MEDICAGO-SATIVA; ROOT-ZONE; CORN; YIELD; ROTATIONS; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; WATER AB Alfalfa (Medic-ago saliva L.) can provide many economic and environmental benefits to crop rotations. Our objectives were to quantify alfalfa stand lengths, identify the two crops following alfalfa, and determine the soil and temporal factors affecting them. The USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Cropland Data Layers (CDLs) for 2006 to 2012 and USDA-NRCS soil survey layers for North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Minnesota, Iowa, and Wisconsin were combined and used to meet these objectives. Location and soil textural class generally determined stand length, with alfalfa being kept in production longer outside the major Corn Belt area of this region. Soil textural class effects on stand length varied by state. Corn (Zea mays L.) was the most common crop planted during the first- and second-year following alfalfa (79 and 61%, respectively), except in North Dakota (35% both years). Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Mem] was grown in 11 and 28% of cases, respectively. Small grains were planted as the first-year crop in 29% of cases in the Dakotas and 6% of cases in the other four states. As a second-year crop, small grains occurred in 26% of cases in North Dakota and 5% of cases in the other five states. Stand length, soil textural class, state, and year significantly influenced grower choice of both following crops. These geographic assessments will guide research and extension education designed to increase use of perennials for economic and environmental benefits. Similar methods can be applied to other crop rotations or U.S. regions. C1 [Yost, Matt A.; Coulter, Jeffrey A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Russelle, Michael P.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bolstad, Paul V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Yost, MA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM mattyost@umn.edu FU Minnesota Agricultural Fertilizer Research and Education Council; Hueg-Harrison Fellowship FX This research was supported by the Minnesota Agricultural Fertilizer Research and Education Council and the Hueg-Harrison Fellowship. We appreciate the technical assistance of Andrew Jenks in processing data and the assistance of David Johnson and Patrick Willis with the USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service in providing background information about Cropland Data Layers. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1697 EP 1708 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0014 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000018 ER PT J AU Gesch, RW Archer, DW Berti, MT AF Gesch, R. W. Archer, D. W. Berti, M. T. TI Dual Cropping Winter Camelina with Soybean in the Northern Corn Belt SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RELAY INTERCROPPING SOYBEANS; PLANTING PATTERNS; SMALL GRAINS; SEED YIELD; WHEAT; SATIVA; SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; FEEDSTOCK; BIOFUELS AB Sustainably balancing biofuel crop production with food, feed, and fiber on agricultural lands will require developing new cropping strategies. Double- and/or relay-cropping winter camelina (Camelina sativa L.) with soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] may be a means to produce an energy and food crop on the same land in a single year. A study was conducted between 2009 and 2011 in west central Minnesota to evaluate yields, seed quality, economics, and within-field energy balance of winter camelinasoybean double-and relay-cropping systems compared with a conventional monocropped full-season soybean. Systems included methods to hasten camelina harvest (e. g., swathing and desiccating) to promote early soybean growth. Camelina seed yields were unaffected by cropping system and ranged from 1.1 to 1.3 Mg ha(-1). Relay-cropped soybean yields were greater than double-cropped soybean and were 58 to 83% of that for the monocropped control. Seed oil and protein content of double-and relay-cropped soybean were comparable to their monocropped counterpart and combined seed oil yield for the dual crop systems was as much as 50% greater. Net economic returns for the relay-crop treatments were competitive with that of the full-season soybean. Moreover, net energy of the relay-crop treatments was generally as high as the sole soybean crop, but energy efficiency (outputs/inputs) was less due to greater inputs. Results indicate that dual cropping of winter camelina with soybean is agronomically viable for the upper Midwest and might be an attractive system to growers seeking a "cash" cover crop. C1 [Gesch, R. W.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Archer, D. W.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Berti, M. T.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Gesch, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM russ.gesch@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 38 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1735 EP 1745 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0215 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000022 ER PT J AU Kremer, RJ Deichman, CL AF Kremer, Robert J. Deichman, C. Leroy TI Introduction: The Solar Corridor Concept SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB The solar corridor crop system (SCCS) is a method to improve crop yields by rearranging the spatial positioning of plants in an alternative crop architecture designed to maximize the capture of solar radiation and to improve crop growth. The SCCS is an advancement of strip intercropping based on cultivating two or more crops simultaneously in different strips across the field for greater use of solar radiation, water, and nutrients compared with either of the component crops grown in monoculture. A properly developed SCCS offers the potential to increase sustainable corn (Zea mays L.) yields. Understanding the various physiological and cultural factors that contribute to grain yield and soil conservation benefits of the SCCS is needed as a foundation for implementing long-term and replicated field studies to validate this production system. This need was the impetus for two International American Society of Agronomy symposia: "The Solar Corridor Concept" (2011) and "The Solar Corridor's Potential to Increase Solar Radiation Use Efficiency" (2012). Articles in this special Agronomy Journal section address key symposia themes including physiological indices developed to describe the response of crops to growth factors; cultural practices for enhancing effects of physiological factors in crop growth; and field assessments of the SCCS for agronomic performance and soil quality effects. Thus, an up-to-date understanding of the physiological, cultural, and soil quality factors that are basic to the solar corridor is provided, which is an important and critical aid for future evaluation necessary for practical development of the SCCS as an option for corn production. C1 [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Deichman, C. Leroy] Deichman Consulting, Shelbyville, MO 63469 USA. RP Kremer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM kremerr@missouri.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1817 EP 1819 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0291 PG 3 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000030 ER PT J AU Timlin, DJ Fleisher, DH Kemanian, AR Reddy, VR AF Timlin, Dennis J. Fleisher, David H. Kemanian, Armen R. Reddy, Vangimalla R. TI Plant Density and Leaf Area Index Effects on the Distribution of Light Transmittance to the Soil Surface in Maize SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ROW-CROP; RADIATION INTERCEPTION; EXTINCTION COEFFICIENTS; GRAIN-YIELD; CANOPY; CORN; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; NITROGEN; COVER; MODEL AB The solar corridor concept examines approaches to better use light in row crops. To achieve this goal, an understanding of the diel patterns of light transmittance to the soil surface in the interrow zone in row crops is necessary. The objective of this study was to investigate the temporal and spatial distribution of light transmittance to the soil surface at different row positions. Light data and leaf area of maize (Zea mays L.) were collected over a period of 2 yr to quantify the spatial distribution of light transmittance to the soil surface under different plant and canopy densities. Leaf area index (LAI) was varied by using two different plant densities and a range of N applications. Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was measured using quantum line sensors at three to seven row positions depending on row spacing (0.78 and 0.36 m). Light transmittance to the soil surface varied by position within the row and time of day. The variation was greatest for low N and low plant density spacing treatments. On cloudy days with more diffuse light the variation in light transmittance between the within and row positions was less. Light extinction coefficients decreased as solar elevation increased toward midday. The wide variation in light transmittance to the soil surface in the interrow zone points out the need to manage plant and management properties such as leaf area, plant density, and row spacing to take best advantage of light in the solar corridor. C1 [Timlin, Dennis J.; Fleisher, David H.; Reddy, Vangimalla R.] USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20895 USA. [Kemanian, Armen R.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Timlin, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20895 USA. EM dennis.timlin@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 35 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1828 EP 1837 DI 10.2134/agronj14.0160 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000032 ER PT J AU Kremer, RJ Deichman, CL AF Kremer, Robert J. Deichman, C. Leroy TI Soil Quality and the Solar Corridor Crop System SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER FRACTIONS; SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE; ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; MANAGEMENT; CARBON; INDICATORS; NITROGEN; ROOTS; POOLS; WATER AB The solar corridor crop system (SCCS) is designed for improved crop productivity based on highly efficient use of solar radiation by integrating row crops with drilled or solid-seeded crops in broad strips (corridors) that also facilitate establishment of cover crops for year-round soil cover. The SCCS is an agroecosystem with diverse system structure that should inherently provide many features to build soil quality. Management strategies include reduced tillage, intercropping, and soil conservation through crop residue retention, which are associated with improved soil quality attributes of enhanced C and N content, effective nutrient cycling, and high microbial activity. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of SCCS in 76- and 152-cm (corridor) row widths on selected soil quality indicators as an assessment of soil quality during establishment of SCCS. Microbial activity, measured as soil glucosidase activity, was highest in rhizosphere soils planted to corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids at 74,000 plants ha(-1) regardless of row width. However, soil glucosidase activity was strongly correlated (r(2) = 0.72) with active carbon (AC), and showed trends for increased contents in rows bordering the corridor. This suggested that increased carbon fixation by plants at the wide row spacing due to greater exposure to solar radiation also increased carbon substrates released into the rhizosphere for microbial metabolism. The limited soil quality assessment conducted in this study demonstrated that an integrated cropping system represented by the SCCS offers an effective management system for maintaining crop production while promoting soil quality and soil conservation. C1 [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kremer, Robert J.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Deichman, C. Leroy] Deichman Consulting, Shelbyville, MO 63469 USA. RP Kremer, RJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM kremerr@missouri.edu FU USDA-ARS FX Financial and technical support was provided by USDA-ARS. Trade names are used for the benefit of the reader and do not imply endorsement of products by USDA-ARS or the University of Missouri. We acknowledge the field research support of Dr. Kelly Nelson and the technical assistance of James Ortbals and Jennifer N. Smith. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 EI 1435-0645 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 106 IS 5 BP 1853 EP 1858 DI 10.2134/agronj13.0508 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ9FF UT WOS:000343153000035 ER PT J AU Ribaudo, M Savage, J Talberth, J AF Ribaudo, Marc Savage, Jeffrey Talberth, John TI Encouraging Reductions in Nonpoint Source Pollution through Point-nonpoint Trading: The Roles of Baseline Choice and Practice Subsidies SO APPLIED ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES AND POLICY LA English DT Article DE Nonpoint source pollution; Water-quality trading; Environmental markets ID WATER-QUALITY; SOIL; OPPORTUNITIES; AGRICULTURE; LESSONS AB Water quality regulations in the United States apply almost exclusively to point sources. In impaired watersheds where both point and nonpoint sources contribute to pollution, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is encouraging the use of point-nonpoint trading to reduce the cost of point sources to meet their permit requirement, and to encourage nonpoint sources to voluntarily contribute more towards meeting overall water quality goals. The EPA guidance encourages trading programs to set a nonpoint source eligibility baseline that extracts some "extra" abatement from nonpoint sources. Research has shown that setting an eligibility baseline that is substantially more stringent than current management could discourage nonpoint source participation and significantly hinder trading. In this paper we examine how choosing the eligibility baseline for agricultural sources affects the efficiency goal of trading (reducing costs to point sources), as well as how it affects the EPA goal of encouraging nonpoint abatement. Using data from the Chesapeake Bay Watershed we find that eligibility baselines set to encourage additional nonpoint source abatement reduce the supply of credits in a market; the more stringent the baseline, the fewer the trades and the smaller the overall abatement from nonpoint sources. A subsidy to farmers for reducing the cost of meeting a baseline encourages greater nonpoint source abatement, but may not benefit the trading market. C1 [Ribaudo, Marc; Savage, Jeffrey] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Ribaudo, M (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM mribaudo@ers.usda.gov NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 2040-5790 EI 2040-5804 J9 APPL ECON PERSPECT P JI Appl. Econ. Perspect. Policy PD SEP PY 2014 VL 36 IS 3 BP 560 EP 576 DI 10.1093/aepp/ppu004 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Economics SC Agriculture; Business & Economics GA AQ7NJ UT WOS:000343004200009 ER PT J AU Carey, E Gape, L Manco, BN Hepburn, D Smith, RL Knowles, L Knowles, D Daniels, M Vincent, MA Freid, E Jestrow, B Griffith, MP Calonje, M Meerow, AW Stevenson, DW Francisco-Ortega, J AF Carey, Eric Gape, Lynn Manco, B. Naqqi Hepburn, Dion Smith, Ross L. Knowles, Lindy Knowles, David Daniels, Mark Vincent, Michael A. Freid, Ethan Jestrow, Brett Griffith, M. Patrick Calonje, Michael Meerow, Alan W. Stevenson, Dennis W. Francisco-Ortega, Javier TI Plant Conservation Challenges in the Bahama Archipelago SO BOTANICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Caribbean islands; Tropical islands; West Indies; Plant conservation; United Kingdom Overseas Territories; Biodiversity hotspots; Donovan Correll ID CASUARINA-EQUISETIFOLIA; CAICOS-ISLANDS; BIODIVERSITY AB The Bahamian archipelago has a rich flora with 89 endemic species. An international symposium held at Nassau in October 2012 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the publication of the "Flora of the Bahama Archipelago" provided a forum to discuss plant conservation issues on these islands. This article builds on conclusions from this symposium and results from joint plant conservation research projects among the authors. The two main conservation challenges for these islands are: (1) environmental uncertainties derived from global warming and associated sea level changes and (2) the need for increased plant conservation awareness among the predominant urban population of the archipelago. Legal tools and biodiversity international agreements in place for The Commonwealth of the Bahamas can facilitate mechanisms for effective plant conservation. Further legal developments need to be established in The United Kingdom Overseas Territory of The Turks and Caicos Islands. There is an urgent need to redevelop the Botanic Garden of Nassau and designate it as the national botanic garden of The Bahamas. Further research related to the taxonomy, biology, conservation status, and distribution of the endemic species is urgently needed. Research initiatives pertinent to the detrimental effect and biology of invasive species are also lacking. The heterogeneous environments and uneven distribution of human populations across the archipelago are major challenges for conservation. Finally because of the political and economic status of The Bahamas and The Turks and Caicos, conservation agencies from the archipelago do not have easy access to international or British/European Union funds for global conservation initiatives. C1 [Carey, Eric; Gape, Lynn; Knowles, Lindy; Freid, Ethan] Bahamas Natl Trust, Nassau, Bahamas. [Manco, B. Naqqi] Natl Environm Ctr, Providenciales, Micronesia. [Hepburn, Dion] Coll Bahamas, Sch Chem & Environm Life Sci, Nassau, Bahamas. [Smith, Ross L.] Minist Educ Sci & Technol, Nassau, Bahamas. [Knowles, David] Bahamas Natl Trust, Abaco, Bahamas. [Daniels, Mark] Leon Levy Native Plant Preserve, Eleuthera, Bahamas. [Vincent, Michael A.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Jestrow, Brett] Fairchild Trop Bot Garden, Kushlan Trop Sci Inst, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Griffith, M. Patrick; Calonje, Michael] Montgomery Bot Ctr, Miami, FL 33156 USA. [Meerow, Alan W.] USDA ARS SHRS, Natl Germplasm Repository, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Stevenson, Dennis W.] New York Bot Garden, Bronx, NY 10458 USA. [Calonje, Michael; Francisco-Ortega, Javier] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Carey, E (reprint author), Bahamas Natl Trust, POB N-4105,Village Rd, Nassau, Bahamas. EM ecarey@bnt.bs; ortegaj@fiu.edu OI Calonje, Michael/0000-0001-9650-3136 FU Bahamas Environmental Fund FX We dedicate this paper to the memory of Oris Russell (1922-2002) and Michael Lightbourn (1927-2012) for their exemplary lives devoted to preserve the Bahamian environments to future generations. This paper was presented at an international symposium held at Nassau between October 30 and 31, 2012 to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the publication of the "Flora of the Bahama Archipelago" (title of symposium: Celebrating 30 Years of the Flora of the Bahamas: Conservation and Science Challenges). Our gratitude to the symposium organizers [The Bahamas National Trust and The College of The Bahamas in collaboration with Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden (FTBG), Florida International University (FIU), and The New York Botanical Garden] for providing a venue to present this paper. The symposium was funded by The Bahamas Environmental Fund. The Latin American and Caribbean Center of FIU and FTBG supported attendance to the symposium. This is contribution number 256 from the Tropical Biology Program of FIU. Our gratitude to the Mohamed Bin Zayed Species Conservation Fund and Montgomery Botanical Center for supporting conservation initiatives for the Critically Endangered Long Island endemic Zamia lucayana. NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0006-8101 EI 1874-9372 J9 BOT REV JI Bot. Rev. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 80 IS 3 SI SI BP 265 EP 282 DI 10.1007/s12229-014-9140-4 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ9IQ UT WOS:000343165400010 ER PT J AU Tonkel, KC Rector, BG Longland, WS Dimitri, LA Ivie, MA AF Tonkel, Kirk C. Rector, Brian G. Longland, William S. Dimitri, Lindsay A. Ivie, Michael A. TI STEPHANOPACHYS CONICOLA FISHER (COLEOPTERA: BOSTRICHIDAE) FEEDING ON DECAYING WESTERN JUNIPER (JUNIPERUS OCCIDENTALIS HOOKER) BERRIES: A NOVEL ASSOCIATION FOR BOSTRICHIDAE SO COLEOPTERISTS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material ID STORED PRODUCTS; INSECT PESTS C1 [Tonkel, Kirk C.; Rector, Brian G.; Longland, William S.] USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Dimitri, Lindsay A.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Ivie, Michael A.] Montana State Univ, Montana Entomol Collect, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Tonkel, KC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Great Basin Rangelands Res Unit, Reno, NV 89512 USA. EM kirk.tonkel@ars.usda.gov; lindsaydimitri@hotmail.com; mivie@montana.edu NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU COLEOPTERISTS SOC PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, 413 BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES BUILDING, ATHENS, GA 30602-2603 USA SN 0010-065X EI 1938-4394 J9 COLEOPTS BULL JI Coleopt. Bull. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 68 IS 3 BP 403 EP 406 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ7YG UT WOS:000343035900011 ER PT J AU French, NHF McKenzie, D Erickson, T Koziol, B Billmire, M Endsley, KA Scheinerman, NKY Jenkins, L Miller, ME Ottmar, R Prichard, S AF French, Nancy H. F. McKenzie, Donald Erickson, Tyler Koziol, Benjamin Billmire, Michael Endsley, K. Arthur Scheinerman, Naomi K. Yager Jenkins, Liza Miller, Mary Ellen Ottmar, Roger Prichard, Susan TI Modeling Regional-Scale Wildland Fire Emissions with the Wildland Fire Emissions Information System SO EARTH INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE North America; Geographic information systems (GIS); Biosphere-atmosphere interaction; Forest fires ID CHARACTERISTIC CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; BIOMASS BURNING EMISSIONS; AMERICAN BOREAL FOREST; UNITED-STATES; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; FUEL CONSUMPTION; CARBON RELEASE; BURNED AREA; MODIS; PRODUCT AB As carbon modeling tools become more comprehensive, spatial data are needed to improve quantitative maps of carbon emissions from fire. The Wildland Fire Emissions Information System (WFEIS) provides mapped estimates of carbon emissions from historical forest fires in the United States through a web browser. WFEIS improves access to data and provides a consistent approach to estimating emissions at landscape, regional, and continental scales. The system taps into data and tools developed by the U.S. Forest Service to describe fuels, fuel loadings, and fuel consumption and merges information from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and National Aeronautics and Space Administration on fire location and timing. Currently, WFEIS provides web access to Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) burned area for North America and U.S. fire-perimeter maps from the Monitoring Trends in Burn Severity products from the USGS, overlays them on 1-km fuel maps for the United States, and calculates fuel consumption and emissions with an open-source version of the Consume model. Mapped fuel moisture is derived from daily meteorological data from remote automated weather stations. In addition to tabular output results, WFEIS produces multiple vector and raster formats. This paper provides an overview of the WFEIS system, including the web-based system functionality and datasets used for emissions estimates. WFEIS operates on the web and is built using open-source software components that work with open international standards such as keyhole markup language (KML). Examples of emissions outputs from WFEIS are presented showing that the system provides results that vary widely across the many ecosystems of North America and are consistent with previous emissions modeling estimates and products. C1 [French, Nancy H. F.; Billmire, Michael; Endsley, K. Arthur; Scheinerman, Naomi K. Yager; Jenkins, Liza; Miller, Mary Ellen] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [McKenzie, Donald; Ottmar, Roger] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, PNW Res Stn, Seattle, WA USA. [Erickson, Tyler] Google, Mountain View, CA USA. [Koziol, Benjamin] NOAA, NESII, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Koziol, Benjamin] NOAA, CIRES, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO USA. [Prichard, Susan] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP French, NHF (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, 3600 Green Ct,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM nhfrench@mtu.edu; dmck@u.washington.edu; tylerickson@gmail.com; ben.koziol@noaa.gov; mgbillmi@mtu.edu; kaendsle@mtu.edu; naomi.k.scheinerman@gmail.com; lliverse@mtu.edu; marymill@mtu.edu; rottmar@fs.fed.us; sprich@u.washington.edu OI Endsley, K. Arthur/0000-0001-9722-8092 FU NASA Carbon Cycle Science Program [NNX08AK69G]; NASA Applications Program [NNX09AP53G, NNX12AQ90G]; NASA Carbon Monitoring Program [NNX12AM91G] FX Funding for WFEIS development and the analyses presented here has been supported through grants from the NASA Carbon Cycle Science Program (Grant NNX08AK69G to MTRI and USFS), the NASA Applications Program (Grants NNX09AP53G to the National Institute of Aerospace, A. Soja, PI and NNX12AQ90G to MTRI and USFS), and the NASA Carbon Monitoring Program (Grant NNX12AM91G to MTRI and USFS). The authors acknowledge the help of many research associates, analysts, software developers, and interns that were involved in a variety of tasks in the development of WFEIS, especially Eric Keefauver, Jessica McCarty, Kimberly Mobley, Nicholas Molen, Robert Norheim, Reid Sawtell, Kjell Swedin, and Marlene Tyner. NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1087-3562 J9 EARTH INTERACT JI Earth Interact. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 18 AR 16 DI 10.1175/EI-D-14-0002.1 PG 26 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA AQ9AV UT WOS:000343133400001 ER PT J AU Sniezko, RA Smith, J Liu, JJ Hamelin, RC AF Sniezko, Richard A. Smith, Jason Liu, Jun-Jun Hamelin, Richard C. TI Genetic Resistance to Fusiform Rust in Southern Pines and White Pine Blister Rust in White Pines-A Contrasting Tale of Two Rust Pathosystems-Current Status and Future Prospects SO FORESTS LA English DT Review DE fusiform rust; blister rust; durable resistance; white pine; loblolly pine ID F-SP FUSIFORME; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; PLANT IMMUNE-SYSTEM; CRONARTIUM-RIBICOLA; LOBLOLLY-PINE; SLASH PINE; MAJOR GENE; TAEDA L.; SUGAR PINE; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE AB Damage or mortality from pathogens can reduce productivity of forest plantations, as well as significantly harm natural forest ecosystems. Genetic resistance within the host species is the first line of defense for tree species. Resistance breeding programs for the native fusiform rust and exotic (to North America) white pine blister rust diseases are two of the longest concerted efforts in forest trees, spanning more than 50 years. Advances in developing greater genetic resistance have been made in both pathosystems, but unique challenges and opportunities in each system translate to different approaches. Fusiform rust resistance programs have mainly emphasized complete resistance, while partial resistance plays a prominent role in white pine blister rust resistance programs. Advances in the development of molecular genetic tools now permit investigations in conifers and their associated rust pathogens. Good progress has been made in identifying resistant populations and understanding resistance in these pathosystems, and resistant stock is now being used extensively for reforestation and restoration. These programs represent great success stories brought to fruition by the long-term efforts. However, continued support will be needed to enhance the level and fully realize the potential of durable genetic resistance in these invaluable North American conifer species. C1 [Sniezko, Richard A.] US Forest Serv, Dorena Genet Resource Ctr, USDA, Cottage Grove, OR 97424 USA. [Smith, Jason] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Liu, Jun-Jun] Nat Resources Canada, Pacific Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. [Hamelin, Richard C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Nat Resources Canada, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Smith, J (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, 212 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM rsniezko@fs.fed.us; jasons@ufl.edu; Jun-Jun.Liu@NRCan-RNCan.gc.ca; richard.hamelin@ubc.ca NR 119 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 30 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4907 J9 FORESTS JI Forests PD SEP PY 2014 VL 5 IS 9 BP 2050 EP 2083 DI 10.3390/f5092050 PG 34 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ8US UT WOS:000343110700001 ER PT J AU Pelaez-Samaniego, MR Yadama, V Garcia-Perez, M Lowell, E McDonald, AG AF Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul Yadama, Vikram Garcia-Perez, Manuel Lowell, Eini McDonald, Armando G. TI Effect of temperature during wood torrefaction on the formation of lignin liquid intermediates SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS LA English DT Article DE Lignin; Wood torrefaction; Ponderosa pine; Wood pellets; Wood composites ID HEAT-TREATMENT INTENSITY; SPRUCE PICEA-ABIES; THERMALLY MODIFIED WOOD; TREATED BEECH WOOD; FAST-PYROLYSIS; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; CHEMICAL-CHANGES; PRETREATMENT; BIOMASS; CELLULOSE AB Torrefaction enhances physical properties of lignocellulosic biomass and improves its grindability. Energy densification, via fuel pellets production, is one of the most promising uses of torrefaction. Lignin contributes to self-bonding of wood particles during pelletization. In biomass thermal pretreatment, part of lignin (in the form of lignin liquid intermediates - LLI) migrates from the cell wall and middle lamella and deposits on the fibers' surfaces and/or inner surface of the secondary cell wall. This material can play an important role on bonding particles during wood pelletization as well as production of wood composites. The objective of this paper was to investigate the influence of torrefaction conditions on amount, composition, molecular weight, and pattern of deposition of LLI on wood cells. Torrefaction of extracted ponderosa pine in the range of temperatures 225-350 degrees C was conducted in a tube furnace reactor and the torrefied wood was extracted with dichloromethane (DCM) to isolate the lignin-rich soluble material. A maximum yield of DCM similar to soluble material was observed in wood torrefied at approximately 300 degrees C for 30 min. ESI/MS revealed that the molecular weight of the removed material is less than 1200g mol(-1) and decreases as torrefaction temperature augments. Semiquantitative Py-GC/MS of the DCM-soluble material suggests that this lignin-rich material migrates and deposits on cells' surfaces in amounts that depend on the torrefaction conditions. Py-GC/MS of the solid fraction after the DCM process showed a progressive reduction of products of the pyrolysis of lignin and levoglucosan as torrefaction temperature increased, revealing that lignin content in the solid decreased due in part to migration. SEM of torrefied particles helped to show the apparent formation of LLI during torrefaction. Results suggest that it is possible to control the thermal pretreatment conditions to increase or reduce the amount of lignin-rich material on fiber surfaces as required for downstream processes (e.g., fuel pellets or wood composites manufacture). (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul; Garcia-Perez, Manuel] Washington State Univ, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul] Univ Cuenca, Fac Chem Sci, Cuenca, Ecuador. [Yadama, Vikram] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yadama, Vikram] Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lowell, Eini] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. [McDonald, Armando G.] Univ Idaho, Rangeland & Fire Sci, Dept Forest, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Yadama, V (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Composite Mat & Engn Ctr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM vyadama@wsu.edu OI Pelaez-Samaniego, Manuel Raul/0000-0002-7618-9474 FU USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts [09-JV-11261975-028]; Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship FX The support of the USDA Forest Service Research and Development Woody Biomass, Bioenergy, and Bioproducts (Agreement No. 09-JV-11261975-028) 2009 Grant Program is acknowledged. M.R. Pelaez-Samaniego acknowledges the Fulbright Faculty Development Program Scholarship. NR 76 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 5 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2370 EI 1873-250X J9 J ANAL APPL PYROL JI J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis PD SEP PY 2014 VL 109 BP 222 EP 233 DI 10.1016/j.jaap.2014.06.008 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA AQ7TN UT WOS:000343022200025 ER PT J AU Casanova, JJ O'Shaughnessy, SA Evett, SR Rush, CM AF Casanova, Joaquin J. O'Shaughnessy, Susan A. Evett, Steven R. Rush, Charles M. TI Development of a Wireless Computer Vision Instrument to Detect Biotic Stress in Wheat SO SENSORS LA English DT Article DE crop stress; image segmentation; irrigation management; maximum expectation algorithm ID MACHINE VISION; DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; THRESHOLD METHOD; SEGMENTATION; REFLECTANCE; VEGETATION; ALGORITHM; FEATURES; INDEXES; FIELD AB Knowledge of crop abiotic and biotic stress is important for optimal irrigation management. While spectral reflectance and infrared thermometry provide a means to quantify crop stress remotely, these measurements can be cumbersome. Computer vision offers an inexpensive way to remotely detect crop stress independent of vegetation cover. This paper presents a technique using computer vision to detect disease stress in wheat. Digital images of differentially stressed wheat were segmented into soil and vegetation pixels using expectation maximization (EM). In the first season, the algorithm to segment vegetation from soil and distinguish between healthy and stressed wheat was developed and tested using digital images taken in the field and later processed on a desktop computer. In the second season, a wireless camera with near real-time computer vision capabilities was tested in conjunction with the conventional camera and desktop computer. For wheat irrigated at different levels and inoculated with wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), vegetation hue determined by the EM algorithm showed significant effects from irrigation level and infection. Unstressed wheat had a higher hue (118.32) than stressed wheat (111.34). In the second season, the hue and cover measured by the wireless computer vision sensor showed significant effects from infection (p = 0.0014), as did the conventional camera (p < 0.0001). Vegetation hue obtained through a wireless computer vision system in this study is a viable option for determining biotic crop stress in irrigation scheduling. Such a low-cost system could be suitable for use in the field in automated irrigation scheduling applications. C1 [Casanova, Joaquin J.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [O'Shaughnessy, Susan A.; Evett, Steven R.] USDA ARS, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Rush, Charles M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res & Extens, Amarillo, TX 79109 USA. RP O'Shaughnessy, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM joaquin.casanova@gmail.com; susan.oshaughnessy@ars.usda.gov; steve.evett@ars.usda.gov; crush@ag.tamu.edu FU USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Program; West Texas AM University FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the USDA-ARS Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas AgriLife Research, Texas AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 12 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8220 J9 SENSORS-BASEL JI Sensors PD SEP PY 2014 VL 14 IS 9 BP 17753 EP 17769 DI 10.3390/s140917753 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA AQ8TT UT WOS:000343106600111 PM 25251410 ER PT J AU Jackson, RE Allen, KC Snodgrass, GL Krutz, LJ Gore, J Perera, OP Price, LD Mullen, RM AF Jackson, Ryan E. Allen, K. Clint Snodgrass, Gordon L. Krutz, L. Jason Gore, Jeff Perera, O. P. Price, Leslie D. Mullen, R. Michelle TI Influence of Maize and Pigweed on Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) Populations Infesting Cotton SO SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article ID LYGUS-LINEOLARIS HETEROPTERA; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; HOST PLANTS; CARBON AB The influence of maize, Zea mays L., and pigweed, Amaranthus spp., on the abundance of tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois), adults infesting cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in the Mississippi Delta was studied using stable-isotope analyses. Cotton fields adjacent to maize and those farther than 1.6 km from maize were identified in four counties of the Mississippi Delta. Tarnished plant bug adults were collected from the cotton fields weekly throughout the growing season and analyzed with stable-carbon and nitrogen isotopes to determine the natal host. The proportion of tarnished plant bug adults collected from cotton that developed as nymphs on plants that used the C-4 photosynthetic pathway, primarily maize and pigweed, peaked from 79-92% during 2008-2009. Distance of cotton fields from maize did not influence the peak proportion of tarnished plant bug adults with a C-4 signature from cotton fields, the peak time, or peak duration. Time of the C-4 peaks occurred from 28 June to 8 July, and the duration was between 13 and 19 days. Stable-nitrogen isotope analyses indicated maize was the major contributor of C-4 tarnished plant bugs infesting cotton compared to pigweed. Nevertheless, pigweed produced a significant proportion of tarnished plant bug adults infesting cotton. Improved control of these weed species could potentially reduce abundance of tarnished plant bugs in cotton. Because maize makes up a significant amount of the crop acreage in the Mississippi Delta, this information can be used to estimate the time of mass movement, thus allowing more efficient use of insecticide to control tarnished plant bugs in cotton. It may also allow future targeting of tarnished plant bugs in field corn before movement to cotton. C1 [Jackson, Ryan E.; Allen, K. Clint; Snodgrass, Gordon L.; Perera, O. P.; Price, Leslie D.; Mullen, R. Michelle] USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Krutz, L. Jason; Gore, Jeff] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Jackson, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southern Insect Management Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOUTHWESTERN ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI DALLAS PA 17360 COIT RD, DALLAS, TX 75252-6599 USA SN 0147-1724 EI 2162-2647 J9 SOUTHWEST ENTOMOL JI Southw. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 39 IS 3 BP 391 EP 399 DI 10.3958/059.039.0301 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AR0GW UT WOS:000343250300001 ER PT J AU Efta, JA Chung, W AF Efta, James A. Chung, Woodam TI Planning Best Management Practices to Reduce Sediment Delivery from Forest Roads Using WEPP:Road Erosion Modeling and Simulated Annealing Optimization SO CROATIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE forest roads; BMPs; simulated annealing; WEPP:Road; erosion modeling; road management; budget planning ID IDAHO AB Planning and implementation of road BMPs on a watershed scale can be a difficult task because of the need to prioritize locations while accounting for multiple constraints, such as the available budget, continuous maintenance, and equipment scheduling. Using simulated annealing (SA) as its heuristic optimizer, BMP-SA accounts for sediment being delivered to the stream network through incorporation of modeled road erosion predictions and alternative BMP options and scheduling for problematic road segments. BMP-SA was applied to the Glenbrook Creek watershed in the Lake Tahoe Basin in Nevada, US. WEPP:Road predictions were used to identify road segments posing an erosion risk and appropriate BMPs were identified for problematic segments. Using BMP-SA, modeled road-related sediment leaving the forest buffer, thus entering streams, was minimized over the course of the planning horizon while considering budget constraints and equipment scheduling concerns. BMP-SA can be applied to any watershed but relies heavily on the perceived accuracy of road erosion predictions. C1 [Efta, James A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, CusterNatl Forest, Billings, MT 59102 USA. [Efta, James A.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Chung, Woodam] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Efta, JA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, CusterNatl Forest, 1310 Main St, Billings, MT 59102 USA. EM jefta@fs.fed.us; woodam.chung@oregonstate.edu FU Tahoe Science Program; Rocky Mountain Research Station [P010] FX We would like to thank Bill Elliot, Randy Foltz, and Jun Rhee at the Rocky Mountain Research Station in Moscow, ID, for their cooperation and insight through the course of this collaboration. Paul Potts, Catherine Schoen, and Jim Harris of the USES Lake Tahoe Basin Management Unit also have our thanks for their time on the phone, in meetings, and in person through the duration of this project. This study was funded by the Tahoe Science Program and administered by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station in cooperation with the Rocky Mountain Research Station (Project No. P010) along with significant cost match and in-kind contribution from The University of Montana. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU ZAGREB UNIV, FAC FORESTRY PI ZAGREB PA SVETOSIMUNSKA 25, ZAGREB, HRVATSKA 10000, CROATIA SN 1845-5719 J9 CROAT J FOR ENG JI Croat. J. For. Eng. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 35 IS 2 BP 167 EP 178 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ5PL UT WOS:000342861000006 ER PT J AU Preisler, HK AF Preisler, Haiganoush K. TI Special Issue on Wildland Fires SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Ctr, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. RP Preisler, HK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Ctr, USDA, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. EM hkpreisler@gmail.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 EI 1099-095X J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD SEP PY 2014 VL 25 IS 6 SI SI BP 363 EP 364 DI 10.1002/env.2292 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA AQ7HS UT WOS:000342984000001 ER PT J AU Ager, AA Preisler, HK Arca, B Spano, D Salis, M AF Ager, A. A. Preisler, H. K. Arca, B. Spano, D. Salis, M. TI Wildfire risk estimation in the Mediterranean area SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE Sardinia wildfire; Corsica wildfire; fire weather index; generalized additive model; generalized Pareto distribution ID FIRE RISK; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; PORTUGAL; INFORMATION; SARDINIA; SYSTEM; SPAIN AB We analyzed wildland fire occurrence and size data from Sardinia, Italy, and Corsica, France, to examine spatiotemporal patterns of fire occurrence in relation to weather, land use, anthropogenic features, and time of year. Fires on these islands are largely human caused and can be attributed to negligence, agro-pastoral land use, and arson. Of particular interest was the predictive value of a fire weather index (FWI) that is widely used by fire managers to alert suppression crews. We found that an increase in the FWI from 30 to 60 produced on average an approximate eightfold increase in the odds of a large fire, regardless of the time of year during the fire season or land use type. Total area burned per fire season was positively correlated with the number of days with FWI>40 over the period studied. Strong interactions between time of year and land type were also observed for both the probability of ignition and large fire. For example, the estimated odds of a large fire on agricultural lands in southern Sardinia was approximately 10 times larger than the forest and shrubland land type for areas close to roads, early (May) in the fire season. Conversely, toward the end of the fire season (September), we estimated the odds of a large fire in these same areas at about half the value estimated for the forest land classes. Of the explanatory variables analyzed, only FWI had an effect on the probability of a large fire (P<0.1). The results of the study can be used in several ways including the following: (1) allocating fire detection and suppression resources to specific locations during the fire season; (2) prioritizing fuel breaks along specific road segments that have high predicted ignition rates; (3) refining the current fire danger indices; and (4) parameterizing wildfire simulation models to test how changing land use and climate change may affect spatial patterns in burn probability and intensity. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Ager, A. A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. [Preisler, H. K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Albany, CA USA. [Arca, B.] CNR, Inst Biometeorol IBIMET, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Spano, D.; Salis, M.] Univ Sassari, Dept Sci Nat & Environm Resources DIPNET, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. [Spano, D.; Salis, M.] Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change CMCC, IAFENT Div, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. RP Ager, AA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Western Wildland Environm Threat Assessment Ctr, Prineville, OR 97754 USA. EM aager@fs.fed.us FU GEMINA Project-MIUR/MATTM [232/2011]; Extreme Project (Sardinia Regional Project) [CRP-25405, LR.7/2007]; "Modeling approach to evaluate fire risk and mitigation planning actions" (POR SARDEGNA FSE, Asse IV Capitale umano, Linea di Attivita' l.3.1) FX We thank Michelle Day for assistance with various aspects of the paper. The authors would also like to thank the Forest Service of Sardinia and Corsica for their collaboration in this study. This work was funded by several sources including the GEMINA Project-MIUR/MATTM no. 232/2011, the Extreme Project (Sardinia Regional Project, CRP-25405, LR.7/2007), and the "Modeling approach to evaluate fire risk and mitigation planning actions" (POR SARDEGNA FSE 2007-2013, Asse IV Capitale umano, Linea di Attivita' l.3.1). NR 44 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 EI 1099-095X J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD SEP PY 2014 VL 25 IS 6 SI SI BP 384 EP 396 DI 10.1002/env.2269 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA AQ7HS UT WOS:000342984000003 ER PT J AU Brillinger, DR Finney, MA AF Brillinger, David R. Finney, Mark A. TI An exploratory data analysis of the temperature fluctuations in a spreading fire SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE nonstationary; exploratory data analysis; fire progression; signal-generated noise; temperatures; wind tunnel ID PROJECTION PURSUIT AB A series of fire experiments were carried out in a wind tunnel at the United States Forest Service's Fire Science Laboratory in Missoula, Montana. The experiments involved tines cut out of pieces of cardboard. The pieces were laid out in comb-like strips parallel to each other along a testbed. They were ignited at the windward end of the testbed. The progress of the fire was monitored by thermocouples, recording temperature, set out equidistantly up the middle of the testbed. Goals of the experiment included improved understanding of wildfire spread and the development of practical tools for wild land fire managers to employ. There was to be a search for regular pulsing in the series and any other interesting phenomena. This paper presents the results of a variety of exploratory data analyses meant to elicit information concerning the series before commencing probability modeling. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Brillinger, David R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Finney, Mark A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. RP Brillinger, DR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM brill@stat.berkeley.edu FU NSF [DMS-100755]; Banff International Research Station (BIRS) FX DRB's research was supported by the NSF Grant DMS-100755. It was further supported in part by the Banff International Research Station (BIRS) with an invitation to speak at the workshop "Managing Fire on Populated Forest Landscapes," 20-25 Oct 2013 in Banff, Alberta. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 EI 1099-095X J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD SEP PY 2014 VL 25 IS 6 SI SI BP 443 EP 453 DI 10.1002/env.2279 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA AQ7HS UT WOS:000342984000008 ER PT J AU Secor, GA Rivera-Varas, V Christ, DS Mathew, FM Khan, MFR Varrelmann, M Bolton, MD AF Secor, Gary A. Rivera-Varas, Viviana Christ, Daniela S. Mathew, Febina M. Khan, Mohamed F. R. Varrelmann, Mark Bolton, Melvin D. TI Characterization of Fusarium secorum, a new species causing Fusarium yellowing decline of sugar beet in north central USA SO FUNGAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fusarium oxysporum f. sp betae; Genealogical concordance phylogenetic species recognition (GCPSR); Novel pathogen; Phylogeny; Taxonomy ID MANGO MALFORMATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; TOXIN PRODUCTION; 1ST REPORT; COMPLEX; PATHOGENICITY; MYCOTOXINS; MINNESOTA; DIVERSITY; DISEASE AB This study characterized a novel sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) pathogen from the Red River Valley in north central USA, which was formally named Fusarium secorum. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of three loci (translation elongation factor1 alpha, calmodulin, mitochondrial small subunit) and phenotypic data strongly supported the inclusion of F. secorum in the Fusarium fujikuroi species complex (FFSC). Phylogenetic analyses identified F. secorurn as a sister taxon of F. acutatum and a member of the African subclade of the FFSC. Fusarium secorum produced circinate hyphae sometimes bearing microconidia and abundant corkscrew-shaped hyphae in culture. To assess mycotoxin production potential, 45 typical secondary metabolites were tested in F. secorum rice cultures, but only beauvericin was produced in detectable amounts by each isolate. Results of pathogenicity experiments revealed that F. secorum isolates are able to induce half- and full-leaf yellowing foliar symptoms and vascular necrosis in roots and petioles of sugar beet. Inoculation with F. acutatum did not result in any disease symptoms. The sugar beet disease caused by F. secorum is named Fusarium yellowing decline. Since Fusarium yellowing decline incidence has been increasing in the Red River Valley, disease management options are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Secor, Gary A.; Rivera-Varas, Viviana; Mathew, Febina M.; Khan, Mohamed F. R.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Christ, Daniela S.; Varrelmann, Mark] Dept Phytopathol, Inst Sugar Beet Res, D-37079 Gottingen, Germany. [Khan, Mohamed F. R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN USA. [Bolton, Melvin D.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. RP Bolton, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM Melvin.Bolton@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS project [5442-22000-047-00D]; Sugar beet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota; Beet Sugar Development Foundation; NSF-MRI-R2 [0959512] FX We thank Xiaoyun Wang (USDA-ARS) for excellent technical assistance and Francois Van Hove (MUCL) for Fusariurn musae sequence data. This research was supported in part by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-22000-047-00D and grants from the Sugar beet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota and the Beet Sugar Development Foundation. The NDSU AIM core laboratory is supported, in part, by NSF-MRI-R2 grant No. 0959512. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1878-6146 EI 1878-6162 J9 FUNGAL BIOL-UK JI Fungal Biol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 118 IS 9-10 BP 764 EP 775 DI 10.1016/j.funbio.2014.06.001 PG 12 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA AQ5RK UT WOS:000342866100002 PM 25209635 ER PT J AU Hsia, DS Tarai, SG Alimi, A Coss-Bu, JA Haymond, MW AF Hsia, D. S. Tarai, S. G. Alimi, A. Coss-Bu, J. A. Haymond, M. W. TI FLUID MANAGEMENT AND CEREBRAL EDEMA IN CHILDREN WITH DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS SO INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 27th Annual Congress of the European-Society-of-Intensive-Care-Medicine (ESICM) CY SEP 27-OCT 01, 2014 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP European Soc Intens Care Med C1 [Hsia, D. S.; Haymond, M. W.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Div Pediat Diabet & Endocrinol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tarai, S. G.] Baylor Coll Med, Sch Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Alimi, A.; Coss-Bu, J. A.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, Div Pediat Crit Care, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Haymond, M. W.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0342-4642 EI 1432-1238 J9 INTENS CARE MED JI Intensive Care Med. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 40 SU 1 MA 1054 BP S278 EP S278 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA AP9WM UT WOS:000342432001280 ER PT J AU Maharjan, B Venterea, RT AF Maharjan, Bijesh Venterea, Rodney T. TI Anhydrous Ammonia Injection Depth Does Not Affect Nitrous Oxide Emissions in a Silt Loam over Two Growing Seasons SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID CORN CROPPING SYSTEM; N2O EMISSIONS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; TILLAGE MANAGEMENT; ORGANIC-CARBON; TEXTURED SOIL; LONG-TERM; PLACEMENT; MINNESOTA; FLUXES AB Anhydrous ammonia (AA) is a major fertilizer source in North America that can promote greater emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) than other nitrogen (N) fertilizers. Previous studies found that injection of AA at a shallow depth (0.1 m) decreased N2O in a rainfed clay loam but increased N2O in an irrigated loamy sand compared with the standard injection depth of 0.2 m. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of AA injection depth in a silt loam soil used for corn (Zea mays L.) production and managed under two contrasting tillage regimes over two consecutive growing seasons (2010 and 2011) in Minnesota. In contrast with previous studies, AA placement depth did not affect N2O emissions in either tillage system or in either growing season. Tillage by itself affected N2O emissions only in the drier of two seasons, during which N2O emissions under no tillage (NT) exceeded those under conventional tillage (CT) by 55%. Soil moisture content under NT was also greater than under CT only in the drier of the two seasons. Effects of AA placement depth and long-term tillage regime on N2O emissions exhibit intersite as well as interannual variation, which should be considered when developing N2O mitigation strategies. Further study is needed to identify specific soil, climate, or other factors that mediate the contrasting responses to management practices across sites. C1 [Maharjan, Bijesh; Venterea, Rodney T.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Venterea, Rodney T.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Venterea, RT (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM Venterea@umn.edu RI Venterea, Rodney/A-3930-2009 FU National Research Initiative from the USDA CSREES/NIFA [2009-55112-05216] FX The authors thank M. Dolan, J. Coulter, J. Leonard, A. Dwinnell, W. Shanley, E. Alms, P. Bradley, N. Meier, A. Hart, D. Olson, and John Deere & Company for their assistance. This work was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-55112-05216 from the USDA CSREES/NIFA Air Quality Program. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 31 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1527 EP 1535 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.07.0292 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200002 PM 25603238 ER PT J AU Cook, KL Netthisinghe, AMP Gilfillen, RA AF Cook, K. L. Netthisinghe, A. M. P. Gilfillen, R. A. TI Detection of Pathogens, Indicators, and Antibiotic Resistance Genes after Land Application of Poultry Litter SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MANURE-AMENDED SOILS; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; TETRACYCLINE RESISTANCE; ENTEROCOCCUS SPP.; FECAL INDICATORS; QUANTITATIVE PCR AB Poultry litter (PL) is a by-product of broiler production. Most PL is land applied. Land-applied PL is a valuable nutrient source for crop production but can also be a route of environmental contamination with manure-borne bacteria. The objective of this study was to characterize the fate of pathogens, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB), and bacteria containing antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) after application of PL to soils under conventional till or no-till management. This 2-yr study was conducted in accordance with normal agricultural practices, and microbial populations were quantified using a combination of culture and quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. Initial concentrations of Campylobacter jejuni in PL were 5.4 +/- 3.2 x 10(6) cells g(-1) PL; Salmonella sp. was not detected in the PL but was enriched periodically from PL-amended soils. Escherichia coli was detected in PL (1.5 +/- 1.3 x 10(2) culturable or 1.5 +/- 0.3 x 10(7) genes g(-1)) but was rarely detected in field soils, whereas enterococci (1.5 +/- 0.5 x 10(8) cells g(-1) PL) were detected throughout the study. These results suggest that enterococci may be better FIB for field-applied PL. Concentrations of ARGs for sulfonamide, streptomycin, and tetracycline resistance increased up to 3.0 orders of magnitude after PL application and remained above background for up to 148 d. These data provide new knowledge about important microbial FIB, pathogens, and ARGs associated with PL application under realistic field-based conditions. C1 [Cook, K. L.] ARS, USDA, Food Anim Environm Syst Res Unit, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. [Netthisinghe, A. M. P.; Gilfillen, R. A.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Agr, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Cook, KL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Food Anim Environm Syst Res Unit, 230 Bennett Lane, Bowling Green, KY 42104 USA. EM kim.cook@ars.usda.gov NR 84 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 36 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1546 EP 1558 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.10.0432 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200004 PM 25603240 ER PT J AU Stocker, MD Pachepsky, YA Shelton, DR AF Stocker, M. D. Pachepsky, Y. A. Shelton, D. R. TI Performance of Weibull and Linear Semi-logarithmic Models in Simulating Escherichia coli Inactivation in Waters SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; SURVIVAL; O157-H7; RIVER; FATE; PATHOGENS; TRANSPORT; CURVES; MANURE; SOIL AB Modeling inactivation of indicator microorganisms is a necessary component of microbial water quality forecast and management recommendations. The linear semi-logarithmic (LSL) model is commonly used to simulate the dependencies of bacterial concentrations in waters on time. There were indications that assumption of the semi-logarithmic linearity may not be accurate enough in waters. The objective of this work was to compare performance of the LSL and the two-parametric Weibull inactivation models with data on survival of indicator organism Escherichia coli in various types of water from a representative database of 167 laboratory experiments. The Weibull model was preferred in >99% of all cases when the root mean squared errors and Nash-Sutcliffe statistics were compared. Comparison of corrected Akaike statistic values gave the preference to the Weibull model in only 35% of cases. This was caused by (i) a small number of experimental points on some inactivation curves, (ii) closeness of the shape parameter of the Weibull equation to one, and (iii) piecewise log-linear inactivation dynamic that could be well described by neither of the two models compared. Based on the Akaike test, the Weibull model was favored in agricultural, lake, and pristine waters, whereas the LSL model was preferred for groundwater, wastewater, rivers, and marine waters. The decimal reduction time parameter of both the LSL and Weibull models exhibited an Arrhenius-type dependence on temperature. Overall, the existing E. coli inactivation data indicate that the application of the Weibull model can improve the predictive capabilities of microbial water quality modeling. C1 [Stocker, M. D.] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Pachepsky, Y. A.; Shelton, D. R.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM yakov.pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1559 EP 1565 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.01.0023 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200005 PM 25603241 ER PT J AU Ippolito, JA Barbarick, KA Brobst, RB AF Ippolito, J. A. Barbarick, K. A. Brobst, R. B. TI Copper and Zinc Speciation in a Biosolids-Amended, Semiarid Grassland Soil SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SLUDGE-TREATED SOILS; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; HEAVY-METALS; ORGANIC-MATTER; HYDROUS OXIDES; BIOAVAILABILITY; MOBILITY; CADMIUM; BINDING; IRON AB Predicting trace-metal solid-phase speciation changes associated with long-term biosolids land application is important for understanding and improving environmental quality. Biosolids were surface-applied (no incorporation; 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 21, and 30 Mg ha(-1)) to a semiarid grassland in 1991 (single application) and 2002 (repeated application). In July 2003, soils were obtained from the 0- to 8-, 8- to 15-, and 15 -to 30-cm depths in all plots. Using soil pH, soluble anion and cation concentrations from 0.01 mol L-1 CaCl2 extractions, dissolved organic C (DOC) content, and an estimate of solid phase humic and fulvic acids present, Cu and Zn associated with minerals, hydrous ferric oxides (HFO), organically complexed, electrostatically bound to organic matter (OM), or DOC phases was modeled using Visual Minteq. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDXRA) was also used to identify solid-phase metal associations present in single and repeated biosolids-amended soils. Based on soil solution chemistry in all depths, as modeled using Visual Minteq, >90% of the Cu and >95% of the Zn from the single or repeated biosolids-applied soils were sorbed electrostatically or as mono-or bidentate solid-phase OM complexes. Up to 10 and 5% of the Cu and Zn, respectively, was associated with HFO, with negligible amounts associated with DOC. The SEM-EDXRA of clay-sized separates from all soil depths led to direct observation of Fe-Cu and Fe-Zn associations. Results implied that after surface-applying biosolids either once or twice with up to 30 Mg ha(-1), some shifts occurred in phases controlling Cu and Zn solubility, but solution concentrations remained below drinking water standards. C1 [Ippolito, J. A.] ARS, USDA, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Barbarick, K. A.] Colorado State Univ, Dep Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brobst, R. B.] US EPA, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NWISRL, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov FU USEPA Region 8 [CP988928-01] FX The USDA-ARS and Colorado State University gratefully acknowledge USEPA Region 8 (Grant #CP988928-01) for its financial, technical, and administrative assistance in funding and managing the project through which this information was discovered. We thank the City of Fort Collins, CO for their continued support of this project. We would also like to thank Ms. Mary Ann Kay for providing much needed laboratory support. The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by USDA over other firms or similar products not mentioned. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1576 EP 1584 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0074 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200007 PM 25603243 ER PT J AU Yen, H Bailey, RT Arabi, M Ahmadi, M White, MJ Arnold, JG AF Yen, Haw Bailey, Ryan T. Arabi, Mazdak Ahmadi, Mehdi White, Michael J. Arnold, Jeffrey G. TI The Role of Interior Watershed Processes in Improving Parameter Estimation and Performance of Watershed Models SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS; SWAT MODEL; AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION; HYDROLOGIC-MODELS; PHOSPHORUS LOSSES; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; RIVER-BASIN; UNCERTAINTY; NITROGEN; SOIL AB Watershed models typically are evaluated solely through comparison of in-stream water and nutrient fluxes with measured data using established performance criteria, whereas processes and responses within the interior of the watershed that govern these global fluxes often are neglected. Due to the large number of parameters at the disposal of these models, circumstances may arise in which excellent global results are achieved using inaccurate magnitudes of these "intra-watershed" responses. When used for scenario analysis, a given model hence may inaccurately predict the global, in-stream effect of implementing land-use practices at the interior of the watershed. In this study, data regarding internal watershed behavior are used to constrain parameter estimation to maintain realistic intra-watershed responses while also matching available in-stream monitoring data. The methodology is demonstrated for the Eagle Creek Watershed in central Indiana. Streamflow and nitrate (NO3) loading are used as global in-stream comparisons, with two process responses, the annual mass of denitrification and the ratio of NO3 losses from subsurface and surface flow, used to constrain parameter estimation. Results show that imposing these constraints not only yields realistic internal watershed behavior but also provides good in-stream comparisons. Results further demonstrate that in the absence of incorporating intra-watershed constraints, evaluation of nutrient abatement strategies could be misleading, even though typical performance criteria are satisfied. Incorporating intra-watershed responses yields a watershed model that more accurately represents the observed behavior of the system and hence a tool that can be used with confidence in scenario evaluation. C1 [Yen, Haw; White, Michael J.; Arnold, Jeffrey G.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Bailey, Ryan T.; Arabi, Mazdak] Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Arabi, M (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM marabi@engr.colostate.edu RI Yen, Haw/K-6809-2014 FU US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-51130-06038] FX This study was funded by the US Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant 2009-51130-06038. The authors thank three anonymous reviewers for helpful reviews. NR 66 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1601 EP 1613 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.03.0110 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200010 PM 25603246 ER PT J AU Wang, QX Mao, LA Wang, D Yan, DD Ma, TT Liu, PF Zhang, CL Wang, RQ Guo, MX Cao, AC AF Wang, Qiuxia Mao, Liangang Wang, Dong Yan, Dongdong Ma, Taotao Liu, Pengfei Zhang, Chenglei Wang, Ruoqi Guo, Meixia Cao, Aocheng TI Emission Reduction of 1,3-Dichloropropene by Soil Amendment with Biochar SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID VOLATILIZATION; CHLOROPICRIN; EFFICACY; YIELD; BLACK AB Soil fumigation is an important treatment in the production chain of fruit and vegetable crops, but fumigant emissions contribute to air pollution. Biochar as a soil amendment has shown the potential to reduce organic pollutants, including pesticides, in soils through adsorption and other physicochemical reactions. A laboratory column study was performed to determine the effects of soil applications of biochar for reducing emissions of the fumigant 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D). The experimental treatments comprised of unamended and amended with biochar at doses of 0, 0.5, 1, 2, and 5% (w/w) in the top 5 cm soil layer. The unamended treatment resulted in the highest emission peak flux at 48 to 66 mu g m(-2) s(-1). Among the biochar amendment treatments, the highest peak flux (0.83 mu g m(-2) s(-1)) was found in the biochar 0.5% treatment. The total emission loss was 35.7 to 40.2% of applied for the unamended treatment and <0.1 to 2.9% for the biochar-amendment treatments. A germination bioassay with cucumber seeds showed that >= 7 d of aeration would be needed to avoid phytotoxicity before replanting in biochar-containing fumigated soil. The results indicate that treatments with 0.5% or more biochar amendment reduced emission peak flux by >99.8% and showed total 1,3-D emission loss by >92% compared with that without biochar. The amendment of surface soil with biochar shows a great potential for reducing fumigant emissions. C1 [Wang, Qiuxia; Mao, Liangang; Yan, Dongdong; Ma, Taotao; Liu, Pengfei; Wang, Ruoqi; Guo, Meixia; Cao, Aocheng] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Pesticide Chem & Applicat, Minist Agr, Dep Pesticide,Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Wang, Dong] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Zhang, Chenglei] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Proc Engn, Beijing 100190, Peoples R China. RP Cao, AC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Key Lab Pesticide Chem & Applicat, Minist Agr, Dep Pesticide,Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM caoac@vip.sina.com FU National Natural Science Foundation project of China [30900958]; Beijing Nova program [2010B064] FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation project of China (no. 30900958) and Beijing Nova program (no. 2010B064). The authors thank Prof. Suduan Gao for editing the manuscript. NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 31 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1656 EP 1662 DI 10.2134/jeq2014.02.0075 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200015 PM 25603251 ER PT J AU Momm, HG Bingner, RL Yuan, YP Locke, MA Wells, RR AF Momm, Henrique G. Bingner, Ronald L. Yuan, Yongping Locke, Martin A. Wells, Robert R. TI Spatial Characterization of Riparian Buffer Effects on Sediment Loads from Watershed Systems SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID NONPOINT-SOURCE POLLUTION; VEGETATIVE FILTER STRIPS; ANNAGNPS MODEL; AGRICULTURAL WATERSHEDS; QUALITY; FLOW; AGNPS; MANAGEMENT; PLACEMENT; TRANSPORT AB Understanding all watershed systems and their interactions is a complex, but critical, undertaking when developing practices designed to reduce topsoil loss and chemical/nutrient transport from agricultural fields. The presence of riparian buffer vegetation in agricultural landscapes can modify the characteristics of overland flow, promoting sediment deposition and nutrient filtering. Watershed simulation tools, such as the USDA-Annualized Agricultural Non-Point Source (AnnAGNPS) pollution model, typically require detailed information for each riparian buffer zone throughout the watershed describing the location, width, vegetation type, topography, and possible presence of concentrated flow paths through the riparian buffer zone. Research was conducted to develop GIS-based technology designed to spatially characterize riparian buffers and to estimate buffer efficiency in reducing sediment loads in a semiautomated fashion at watershed scale. The methodology combines modeling technology at different scales, at individual concentrated flow paths passing through the riparian zone, and at watershed scales. At the concentrated flow path scale, vegetative filter strip models are applied to estimate the sediment-trapping efficiency for each individual flow path, which are aggregated based on the watershed subdivision and used in the determination of the overall impact of the riparian vegetation at the watershed scale. This GIS-based technology is combined with AnnAGNPS to demonstrate the effect of riparian vegetation on sediment loadings from sheet and rill and ephemeral gully sources. The effects of variability in basic input parameters used to characterize riparian buffers, onto generated outputs at field scale (sediment trapping efficiency) and at watershed scale (sediment loadings from different sources) were evaluated and quantified. The AnnAGNPS riparian buffer component represents an important step in understanding and accounting for the effect of riparian vegetation, existing and/or managed, in reducing sediment loads at the watershed scale. C1 [Momm, Henrique G.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Geosci, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Bingner, Ronald L.; Locke, Martin A.; Wells, Robert R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS USA. [Yuan, Yongping] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV USA. RP Momm, HG (reprint author), Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Geosci, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. EM henrique.momm@mtsu.edu NR 47 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 10 U2 61 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 EI 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1736 EP 1753 DI 10.2134/jeq2013.10.0413 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ9FQ UT WOS:000343154200023 PM 25603259 ER PT J AU Suo, YJ Liu, YH Zhou, XJ Huang, YY Shi, CL Matthews, K Shi, XM AF Suo, Yujuan Liu, Yanhong Zhou, Xiujuan Huang, Yanyan Shi, Chunlei Matthews, Karl Shi, Xianming TI Impact of Sod on the Expression of Stress-Related Genes in Listeria monocytogenes 4b G with/without Paraquat Treatment SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE antioxidant capacity; Listeria monocytogenes; methyl viologen; oxidative stress; real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) ID SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; OXIDATIVE STRESS; CELLS; PATHOGENESIS; MUTAGENESIS; RESISTANCE; VIRULENCE; TOXICITY; DNA AB Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes listeriosis. Paraquat can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells, which results in oxidative stress. It was first shown that 1 mM of paraquat inhibited the growth rate of a superoxide dismutase (sod)-deletion mutant (Delta sod) generated from L. monocytogenes 4b G but not in the wild-type, and induced the expression of other resistance genes (kat, fri, perR, sigB, and recA) as well as sod in the wild type. Interestingly, without paraquat treatment the expression of all the 5 genes were repressed in Delta sod compared to the wild type, while the expression of recA triggering SOS response, a global response to DNA damage, was increased in Delta sod in the presence of 1 mM paraquat. Taken together, these results suggest that SOD plays a central role in oxidant defense of L. monocytogenes 4b G, and SOS probably significantly impacts Delta sod survival under oxidative stress. C1 [Suo, Yujuan; Zhou, Xiujuan; Huang, Yanyan; Shi, Chunlei; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Suo, Yujuan; Zhou, Xiujuan; Huang, Yanyan; Shi, Chunlei; Shi, Xianming] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, State Key Lab Microbial Metab, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yanhong] ARS, Mol Characterizat Foodborne Pathogens Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Matthews, Karl] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Food Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. RP Shi, XM (reprint author), Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, MOST USDA Joint Res Ctr Food Safety, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200240, Peoples R China. EM xmshi@sjtu.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31171690, U1031003]; Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2012AA101601, 2012BAD29B02, 2012BAK17B10] FX This work was jointly supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant Nos. 31171690 and U1031003), and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (grant Nos. 2012AA101601, 2012BAD29B02, and 2012BAK17B10). NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1147 EI 1750-3841 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 79 IS 9 BP M1745 EP M1749 DI 10.1111/1750-3841.12545 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AQ4IL UT WOS:000342757800023 PM 25146690 ER PT J AU Guldin, JM Buford, MA AF Guldin, James M. Buford, Marilyn A. TI A Special Issue of the Journal of Forestry-Proceedings of the 2013 National Silviculture Workshop SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Guldin, James M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Buford, Marilyn A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Guldin, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM jguldin@fs.fed.us; mbuford@fs.fed.us NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 393 EP 394 DI 10.5849/jof.13-104 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800001 ER PT J AU Ritchie, MW Knapp, EE AF Ritchie, Martin W. Knapp, Eric E. TI Establishment of a Long-Term Fire Salvage Study in an Interior Ponderosa Pine Forest SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE biomass; snag dynamics; regeneration ID WILDFIRE AB An experiment designed to evaluate the treatment effects of salvaging merchantable fire-killed trees on surface fuels and regeneration was established after a wildfire in northeastern California. The study was then monitored for 10 years. Surface fuel accumulations were rapid, corresponding with a high rate of snag decay and subsequent breakage or windthrow. Pine snags retained exhibited the fastest rates of breakage and transition to surface fuels, while white fir and incense-cedar were much more stable for the duration of this study. Natural regeneration observed following salvage was scarce and did not appear to be related to treatment. Similarly, artificial regeneration, although highly variable between treatment units, both in terms of growth and survival, was not related to salvage treatment. C1 [Ritchie, Martin W.; Knapp, Eric E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Ritchie, MW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Redding, CA 96002 USA. EM mritchie@fs.fed.us; eknapp@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science FX The authors wish to acknowledge funding support for this study from Joint Fire Science and the contribution of Bob Andrews (retired) and his staff on the Eagle Lake Ranger District. They made the study proposal a reality. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 12 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 395 EP 400 DI 10.5849/jof.13-093 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800002 ER PT J AU Schweitzer, C Clark, SL Gottschalk, KW Stringer, J Sitzlar, R AF Schweitzer, Callie Clark, Stacy L. Gottschalk, Kurt W. Stringer, Jeff Sitzlar, Robbie TI Proactive Restoration: Planning, Implementation, and Early Results of Silvicultural Strategies for Increasing Resilience against Gypsy Moth Infestation in Upland Oak Forests on the Daniel Boone National Forest, Kentucky SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE silviculture; gypsy moth; Daniel Boone National Forest; sustainability; Quercus spp. ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; CUMBERLAND PLATEAU; HARDWOOD STANDS; TREE MORTALITY; NORTH-AMERICA; FIRE REGIMES; DECLINE; PATTERNS; RISK; USA AB Determining targets in forest restoration is a complicated task that can be facilitated by cooperative partnerships. Too often restoration plans are implemented after adverse events that cause widespread tree mortality, such as drought or insect outbreaks, have occurred. Reactive management precludes the use of preemptive management techniques that can result in more effective restoration. The potential recognition and risks associated with a large-scale mortality event cultivated a proactive partnership among managers, stakeholders, and researchers on the Daniel Boone National Forest in Kentucky. This partnership resulted in the development of innovative proactive approaches to mitigate the negative impacts of threat of declining forest health, thus reducing the need for untested and expensive postdisturbance restorative operations. The partnership comprised four Research Work Units in the USDA Forest Service (including the Northern and Southern Research Stations), three universities (one land grant and two liberal arts), two natural resource state agencies, private logging contractors, an electrical utility, and National Forest system personnel at the district, forest supervisor, and Washington office levels. We tested forest management prescriptions designed to meet targets for future forest conditions. The goal of the silviculture treatments was to improve forest health and productivity to increase resilience to and/or avoidance of exotic invasive insect defoliation and oak decline. Treatments varied from high levels of disturbance to low levels of disturbance and ranged from even-aged regeneration treatments coupled with prescribed burning to thinning. Research assessed the alteration in species composition and stand structure, the projected regeneration outcomes and the costs and operational efficacy of mechanized forest operations used to implement the treatments. The relatively large scale of the study and diversity of treatments has afforded additional multidisciplinary research activities. Via partnership building and information and technology sharing, this project has been sustained for 10 years. C1 [Schweitzer, Callie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Clark, Stacy L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Huntsville, AL USA. [Gottschalk, Kurt W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Res Stn, Huntsville, AL USA. [Stringer, Jeff] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Sitzlar, Robbie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Daniel Boone Natl Forest, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Schweitzer, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM cschweitzer@fs.fed.us; stacyclark@fs.fed.us; kgottschalk@fs.fed.us; stringer@uky.edu; rsitzlar@fs.fed.us NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 42 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 401 EP 411 DI 10.5849/jof.13-085 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800003 ER PT J AU Crotteau, JS Ritchie, MW AF Crotteau, Justin S. Ritchie, Martin W. TI Long-Term Stand Growth of Interior Ponderosa Pine Stands in Response to Structural Modifications and Burning Treatments in Northeastern California SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE eastside ponderosa pine; old-growth structure; prescribed fire; large tree; research natural area ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; MOUNTAIN EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; BARK BEETLE RESPONSES; PRESCRIBED-FIRE; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; USA; MORTALITY; STOCKING; WILDFIRE; OREGON AB The Blacks Mountain Experimental Research Project created two distinct overstory structural classes (high-structural diversity [HiD]; low-structural diversity [LoD]) across 12 stands and subsequently burned half of each stand. We analyzed stand-level growth 10 years after treatment and then modeled individual tree growth to forecast stand-level growth 10-20 years after treatment. Net stand growth was compared between treatments and with adjacent Research Natural Areas (RNAs). An analysis of variance of growth in total aboveground tree biomass suggested that growth was greatest in unburned stands (P = 0.001) and in LoD stands (P = 0.039). We formed iteratively annualized nonlinear models to forecast individual tree growth. Modeled diameter growth, height growth, and mortality were used exclusively for forecasting and highlighting growth and mortality trends in the data (i.e., not testing effects). Forecasts of stand board foot volume suggested that HiD and LoD stands may be no different in net growth in the second decade since treatment (P = 0.355). Differences between logged and unlogged stands appeared to be much greater: we predict that RNA stands will net 136 board feet ac(-1) in the forecast period, whereas HiD and LoD stands are expected to net 627 and 485 board feet of volume per acre. We also tracked the large tree (dbh >23.5 in.) component stand density index (SDI) over the measurement and forecast periods. We found that the unburned HiD treatment had a net positive effect (13% increase over 20 years) on relative density, whereas the burned HiD was not expected to change (P = 0.803), and unlogged stands tended to exhibit a declining SDI over time (-16%). C1 [Crotteau, Justin S.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Ritchie, Martin W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Crotteau, JS (reprint author), Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM justin.crotteau@umontana.edu; mritchie@fs.fed.us NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 412 EP 423 DI 10.5849/jof.13-090 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800004 ER PT J AU Janowiak, MK Swanston, CW Nagel, LM Brandt, LA Butler, PR Handler, SD Shannon, PD Iverson, LR Matthews, SN Prasad, A Peters, MP AF Janowiak, Maria K. Swanston, Christopher W. Nagel, Linda M. Brandt, Leslie A. Butler, Patricia R. Handler, Stephen D. Shannon, P. Danielle Iverson, Louis R. Matthews, Stephen N. Prasad, Anantha Peters, Matthew P. TI A Practical Approach for Translating Climate Change Adaptation Principles into Forest Management Actions SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE climate change; adaptation; case study; forest management ID RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; FACE AB There is an ever-growing body of literature on forest management strategies for climate change adaptation; however, few frameworks have been presented for integrating these strategies with the real-world challenges of forest management. We have developed a structured approach for translating broad adaptation concepts into specific management actions and silvicultural practices for forest adaptation, as well as an associated set of resources to assist managers in using this approach. A variety of public, private, nongovernmental, and tribal natural resource managers are using this approach to develop projects that implement a diversity of adaptation actions while also meeting manager-identified goals. We describe how managers can integrate climate change information into management planning and activities and provide examples of real-world forest management projects that identify actions to help forests adapt to changing conditions. C1 [Janowiak, Maria K.; Swanston, Christopher W.; Brandt, Leslie A.; Handler, Stephen D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Inst Applied Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 77084 USA. [Nagel, Linda M.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Butler, Patricia R.; Shannon, P. Danielle] Michigan Technol Univ, Northern Inst Appl Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Iverson, Louis R.; Matthews, Stephen N.; Prasad, Anantha; Peters, Matthew P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Houghton, MI USA. [Matthews, Stephen N.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Janowiak, MK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Inst Applied Climate Sci, Houghton, MI 77084 USA. EM mjanowiak02@fs.fed.us; cswanston@fs.fed.us; lmnagel@umn.edu; lbrandt@fs.fed.us; prbutler@mtu.edu; sdhandler@fs.fed.us; dshannon@mtu.edu; liverson@fs.fed.us; matthews.204@osu.edu; aprasad@fs.fed.us; matthewppeters@fs.fed.us RI Matthews, Stephen/D-1050-2012 FU USDA Forest Service; Northern Research Station; Eastern Region; Northeastern Area FX The Climate Change Response Framework is supported in large part by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Eastern Region, and Northeastern Area. We express gratitude to our numerous partners involved in adaptation demonstration projects, with special thanks to Matt Dallman, Jon Fosgitt, Jeff Grignon, Dave Mausel, Marshall Pecore, and Tony Waupochick for their involvement in the two featured adaptation demonstrations and assistance on this article. We also thank David Hollinger, Lindsey Rustad, and three anonymous reviewers for providing constructive comments on earlier drafts. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 19 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 424 EP 433 DI 10.5849/jof.13-094 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800005 ER PT J AU Stout, SL Brose, PH AF Stout, Susan L. Brose, Patrick H. TI The SILVAH Saga: 40+Years of Collaborative Hordwood Research and Management Highlight Silviculture SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE research-management cooperation; decision support; Allegheny hardwoods; mixed-oak forests ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; ALLEGHENY HARDWOODS; PENNSYLVANIA; FOREST; STANDS AB The advent of even-age management in eastern forests in the 1960s improved regeneration of shade-intolerant and shade-intermediate species through much of the region. However, in the Allegheny hardwood stands of northern Pennsylvania, half of the even-aged regeneration harvests failed to create new forests. USDA Forest Service Research and Development (FSR&D) initiated a partnership with federal, state, industrial, and private forest landowners to solve this problem using silviculture. The partners developed inventory procedures and decision charts to identify regeneration assets and barriers as. well as silvicultural treatments to mitigate the barriers. FSR&D training sessions ensured a common silvicultural vocabulary and common practices, later computerized in the SILVAH decision support system. In 2000, the partnership expanded SILVAH to mixed-oak forests of the mid-Atlantic region. Land management agencies in Pennsylvania and several other eastern states have adopted SILVAH. It provides a consistent framework for research-management cooperation, for sharing the results of silvicultural research, and for making silvicultural decisions in the forest types covered by the system. C1 [Stout, Susan L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16365 USA. [Brose, Patrick H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Irvine, PA USA. RP Stout, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Irvine, PA 16365 USA. EM sstout@fs.fed.us; pbrose@fs.fed.us NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 434 EP 439 DI 10.5849/jof.13-099 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800006 ER PT J AU Keyes, CR Perry, TE Sutherland, EK Wright, DK Egan, JM AF Keyes, Christopher R. Perry, Thomas E. Sutherland, Elaine K. Wright, David K. Egan, Joel M. TI Variable-Retention Harvesting as a Silvicultural Option for Lodgepole Pine SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE uneven-aged management; forest stand dynamics; silviculture; forest restoration; mountain pine beetle ID UNITED-STATES; BEETLE; DYNAMICS; WESTERN; CONSEQUENCES; MONTANA; FORESTS; CANADA; STANDS AB Bark beetle-induced mortality in forested landscapes of structurally uniform, even-aged lodgepole pine stands has inspired a growing interest in the potential of silvicultural treatments to enhance resilience by increasing spatial and vertical complexity. Silvicultural treatments can simulate mixed-severity disturbances that create multiaged lodgepole pine stands, which, along with heterogeneous forest landscapes, can play a role in mitigating susceptibility to primary disturbance agents (bark beetles and wildfire). With this article, we review multiaged lodgepole pine stand dynamics and discuss variable-retention harvesting as a silvicultural option for lodgepole pine. We describe the establishment and initial outcomes of an experimental variable-retention harvesting project established at the Tenderfoot Creek Experimental Forest (Montana) in 1999-2003 and the objectives of a collaborative multiagency effort that is presently revisiting and analyzing that experiment. C1 [Keyes, Christopher R.; Perry, Thomas E.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Sutherland, Elaine K.; Wright, David K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. [Egan, Joel M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Keyes, CR (reprint author), Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM christopher.keyes@umontana.edu; thomas.perry@umontana.edu; esutherland@fs.fed.us; dkwright@fs.fed.us; jegan@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Special Technology Development Program [R1-2011-03] FX This study was conducted with support from the USDA Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Special Technology Development Program (grant R1-2011-03). The study was made possible with contributions by Forest Health Protection, Northern Region, USDA Forest Service; the Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service; and the Applied Forest Management Program at the University of Montana, a research and demonstration unit of the Montana Forest and Conservation Experiment Station. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 440 EP 445 DI 10.5849/jof.13-100 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800007 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC O'Neill, R Holimon, W Fox, J Thornton, G Mangham, R AF Bragg, Don C. O'Neill, Ricky Holimon, William Fox, Joe Thornton, Gary Mangham, Roger TI Moro Big Pine: Conservation and Collaboration in the Pine Flatwoods of Arkansas SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE ecosystem services; Forest Legacy Program; invasive species; loblolly pine; red-cockaded woodpecker ID RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS; GULF COASTAL-PLAIN; SOUTHERN UNITED-STATES; LOBLOLLY-PINE; TRIADICA-SEBIFERA; PRIVATE LANDS; RESTORATION; FORESTS; MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY AB Established by a conservation easement in 2006, Moro Big Pine Natural Area-Wildlife Management Area (MBP) encompasses similar to 16,000 contiguous acres in the pine flatwoods of southern Arkansas. This large-scale cooperative effort, focused on an ecosystem with high conservation value in a landscape increasingly dominated by planted, intensively managed loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), arose from an initiative by Potlatch Corporation, the State of Arkansas, and The Nature Conservancy (TNC). The MBP is a permanent easement purchased with a combination of public and private funds that seeks to balance the improvement of open pine woodlands with economic interests. Potlatch now manages the MBP under a prescription that ensures both timber production and forests capable of supporting the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis). State agencies, including the Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, and the Arkansas Forestry Commission, have partnered with TNC and Potlatch to achieve a range of objectives, including the improvement of pine flatwoods, greater landscape, connectivity, protection and habitat enhancement for species of special concern, and increased public access. Potlatch has also recently offered carbon credits from MBP to the California carbon market. MBP exemplifies some of the opportunities now available to private landowners and public agencies - a melding of conservation and production goals to protect working forests, improve ecosystem services, and provide recreational opportunities. C1 [Bragg, Don C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71655 USA. [Holimon, William] Arkansas Nat Heritage Commiss, Little Rock, AR USA. [Fox, Joe] Arkansas Forestry Commiss, Little Rock, AR USA. [Thornton, Gary] Arkansas Game & Fish Commiss, Little Rock, AR USA. [Mangham, Roger] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Monticello, AR 71655 USA. EM dbragg@fs.fed.us; ricky.oneill@potlatchcorp.com; billh@arkansasheritage.org; joe.fox@arkansas.gov; gwthornton@agfc.state.ar.us; rmangham@tnc.org FU University of Arkansas-Monticello FX We thank the following for their contributions and support of this article: James H. Guldin (USDA Forest Service); Jim Newberry (Potlatch); Tom Foti and Brent Baker (Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission); Jim Jolley (Arkansas Forestry Commission); and the University of Arkansas-Monticello. Terry Candy, Jim Newberry, Mike Shelton, Dan Saenz, and Nancy Koerth graciously provided reviews of this manuscript. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 15 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 446 EP 456 DI 10.5849/jof.13-083 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800008 ER PT J AU Thomas-Van Gundy, MA Sturtevant, BR AF Thomas-Van Gundy, Melissa A. Sturtevant, Brian R. TI Using Scenario Modeling for Red Spruce Restoration Planning in West Virginia SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE landscape-scale model; restoration silviculture ID LANDSCAPE SIMULATION-MODEL; CENTRAL APPALACHIANS; UNITED-STATES; FOREST; LANDIS; BIOMASS; USA; DYNAMICS; DESIGN; GROWTH AB Active restoration of threatened or endangered species habitat may seem in conflict with the provisions of the Endangered Species Act because of the prohibition of "take," which can include habitat modification as well as death or harm to individuals. Risk-averse managers may choose to forego active management in known or presumed endangered species habitat to avoid killing an individual or harming critical habitat. We used the landscape-scale model LANDIS-II to simulate red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.)-dominated forest response to restoration actions for 100 years. Restoration strategies differed in management of the potential habitat for the recently delisted Virginia northern flying squirrel (Glaucomys sabrinus fuscus). Model simulations show that active management with protections for existing red spruce stands resulted in a greater area dominated by red spruce than did larger, areawide protections. However, protecting larger areas of potential habitat resulted in an increase in red spruce in areas of low to moderate probability of occurrence for the flying squirrel, potentially increasing the area's suitability for this species. C1 [Thomas-Van Gundy, Melissa A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Sturtevant, Brian R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Parsons, WV USA. RP Thomas-Van Gundy, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. EM mthomasvangundy@fs.fed.us; bstrutevant@fs.fed.us NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 457 EP 466 DI 10.5849/jof.13-087 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800009 ER PT J AU Bobzien, C Van Alstyne, K AF Bobzien, Craig Van Alstyne, Katie TI Silviculture across Large Landscapes: Back to the Future SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE Black Hills National Forest; USDA Forest Service; Mountain Pine Beetle Response Project; mountain pine beetle/MPB; adaptive management large landscapes AB The Mountain Pine Beetle Response (PBR) Project on the Black Hills National Forest demonstrates how resource professionals and the public can collaborate, anticipate, and apply a suite of silvicultural tools across large landscapes to more effectively respond to quickly changing ecosystems within the legal framework governing national forests. Across the West, bark beetle epidemics have been outpacing the ability of resource managers to respond with traditional approaches. In the Black Hills, it was time for a change, especially because local communities and stakeholders had become anxious and eagerly supported new approaches. Borrowing the best from research and practical experiences and with a fresh eye on the future, foresters developed the PBR Project across a million acre landscape in western South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming, with adaptive features to more swiftly address expanding pine beetle populations and reduce hazardous fuels. C1 [Bobzien, Craig] US Forest Serv, USDA, Black Hills Natl Forest, Custer, SD 57730 USA. [Van Alstyne, Katie] US Forest Serv, USDA, Custer, SD USA. RP Bobzien, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Black Hills Natl Forest, Custer, SD 57730 USA. EM cbobzien@fs.fed.us; kvanalstyne@fs.fed.us NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 467 EP 473 DI 10.5849/jof.13-084 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800010 ER PT J AU Bollenbacher, BL Graham, RT Reynolds, KM AF Bollenbacher, Barry L. Graham, Russell T. Reynolds, Keith M. TI Regional Forest Landscape Restoration Priorities: Integrating Historical Conditions and an Uncertain Future in the Northern Rocky Mountains SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE decision support system; forest restoration; forest planning ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION DISTRIBUTION; UNITED-STATES; USA; FIRE; VARIABILITY; RANGE; MANAGEMENT; WILDFIRE; CONSERVATION AB National law and policy direct the management of the National Forests, with restoring resilient forest conditions being an overarching theme. Climate is a major driver of disturbances that affect ecosystems, especially those with vegetation that show large departures from historical conditions. Drought, fire, insects, and diseases are common forest stressors whose impacts are being exacerbated by climate change. These stressors are threatening the ecosystem services that people value in the forests of the northern Rocky Mountains. The forests of most concern are the dry ponderosa pine and Douglas-fir, moist western white pine mixed with western larch, and cool lodgepole pine mixed with quaking aspen and whitebark pine. Potential reductions in some ecosystem services pose a challenge in terms of not only direct biophysical consequences but also social and economic values that flow from these forests. Values at risk include forest integrity, wildlife habitat, watershed condition, fish habitat, recreation opportunities and investments, community infrastructure, and public safety. This article describes a decision support tool developed by the USDA Forest Service Northern Region in 2010 to support integrated restoration planning. The Northern Region's Integrated Restoration and Protection Strategy (IRPS) is premised on identifying historical conditions through application of the natural range of variability, comparing them with current conditions, and considering a broader range of future issues, including climate change. The IRPS assists managers in the complex task of evaluating factors that influence national forest planning efforts. The assessment and IRPS, by integrating ecological, social, and economic considerations, will help managers of national forests prioritize restoration opportunities using increasingly scarce financial resources. The IRPS will be most beneficial when associated with planning silvicultural practices and fire management directed at restoring the forests of the Northern Region to a more resilient condition. C1 [Bollenbacher, Barry L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Graham, Russell T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Reynolds, Keith M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Graham, RT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM bbollenbacher@fs.fed.us; rtgraham@fs.fed.us; kreynolds@fs.fed.us OI Reynolds, Keith/0000-0002-5286-4754 NR 59 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 42 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 474 EP 483 DI 10.5849/jof.13-086 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800011 ER PT J AU Underhill, JL Dickinson, Y Rudney, A Thinnes, J AF Underhill, Jeffrey L. Dickinson, Yvette Rudney, Alex Thinnes, Jim TI Silviculture of the Colorado Front Range Landscape Restoration Initiative SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE variable spacing; variable density; openings; designation by prescription; heterogenity ID SPATIAL-PATTERNS; FORESTS AB We discuss innovative silvicultural practices and implementation methods through 3 years of fuels reduction and restoration treatments for the Collaborative Forest Landscape Restoration Project, Colorado Front Range Landscape Restoration Initiative (Front Range Project). The Pike National Forest is implementing large-scale landscape restoration projects to address the departure of montane forests from historical conditions and increased susceptibility to uncharacteristic high-severity wildfire. Restoration on approximately 1,600 acres is implemented annually through stewardship contracting. Treatments are shifting from traditional fuels reduction treatments to restoration treatments designed to achieve heterogeneous conditions at a variety of scales. Future treatment areas will include more upper montane mixed-forest types as we transition out of the lower montane ponderosa pine forest. Silvicultural practices include variable tree spacing, variable densities, and openings. Treatments are implemented via designation by prescription (DxP), tree marking, and a combination of both methods. We also discuss the status of monitoring protocols, both established and under development. C1 [Underhill, Jeffrey L.; Thinnes, Jim] US Forest Serv, USDA, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Dickinson, Yvette] Michigan Tech Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI USA. [Rudney, Alex] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pike & San Isabel Natl Forests, Golden, CO USA. RP Underhill, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Golden, CO 80401 USA. EM junderhill@fs.fed.us; yldickin@mtu.edu; arudney@fs.fed.us NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 484 EP 493 DI 10.5849/jof.13-092 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800012 ER PT J AU Gottschalk, KW Miller, GW White, RL Hille, A Schuler, TM AF Gottschalk, Kurt W. Miller, Gary W. White, Robert L. Hille, Andrea Schuler, Thomas M. TI Evaluation of Cleanings to Maintain Oak Forests on the Allegheny National Forest SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE crop tree release; species composition ID PLATEAU; RELEASE AB Ten-year results for an administrative study on the Allegheny National Forest (ANF) that examined their cleaning (precommercial thinning) prescriptions and standards for success in maintaining oak (Quercus spp.) composition in young stands and maintaining oak stems in a competitive position are presented. Two studies were installed. One study was in a 25- to 30-year-old stand where we released intermediate and suppressed oak species, in particular white oak (Quercus alba), to see if they would survive and improve in crown class. The other study was installed in two 16-year-old stands where cleanings using crown-touching crop-tree release treatments were done, with untreated control plots reserved. A total of eight treated and eight control plots in two stands were examined. In the first study, mortality of white oaks in the lower canopy (intermediate or overtopped) was 83 and 39% in control versus treated areas, respectively. The cleaning treatments were successful in keeping trees alive, but crown vigor declined and no trees increased in crown class. In the second study, the mortality of crop trees was 15 and 2% in control versus treated stands, respectively. The proportion (number of stems) of crop trees of all species in the upper canopy (dominant or codominant) dropped 22% versus 1% for control versus treated trees over the 10 years. Stand-level oak composition in control stands was 11.3% of basal area after 10 years (11.7% initially). In treated stands, it was 18.3% of basal area after 10 years (10.7% initially), a 71% increase in oak. The treatments successfully increased survival, growth, and composition of oak. C1 [Gottschalk, Kurt W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Miller, Gary W.; White, Robert L.; Hille, Andrea; Schuler, Thomas M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Gottschalk, KW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kgottschalk@fs.fed.us; gwmiller@fs.fed.us; ahille@fs.fed.us; tschuler@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 494 EP 501 DI 10.5849/jof.13-097 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800013 ER PT J AU Clark, SL Schlarbaum, SE Pinchot, CC Anagnostakis, SL Saunders, MR Thomas-Van Gundy, M Schaberg, P McKenna, J Bard, JF Berrang, PC Casey, DM Casey, CE Crane, B Jackson, BD Kochenderfer, JD Lewis, RF MacFarlane, R Makowski, R Miller, MD Rodrigue, JA Stelick, J Thornton, CD Williamson, TS AF Clark, Stacy L. Schlarbaum, Scott E. Pinchot, Cornelia C. Anagnostakis, Sandra L. Saunders, Michael R. Thomas-Van Gundy, Melissa Schaberg, Paul McKenna, James Bard, Jane F. Berrang, Paul C. Casey, David M. Casey, Chris E. Crane, Barbara Jackson, Brian D. Kochenderfer, Jeff D. Lewis, Robert F. MacFarlane, Russ Makowski, Robert Miller, Mark D. Rodrigue, Jason A. Stelick, Jim Thornton, Christopher D. Williamson, Tyler S. TI Reintroduction of American Chestnut in the National Forest System SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE backcross breeding; chestnut blight; USDA Forest Service; high-quality seedlings; progeny testing ID NORTHERN RED OAK; CASTANEA-DENTATA; UNITED-STATES; CRYPHONECTRIA-PARASITICA; ARTIFICIAL REGENERATION; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; HYPOVIRULENT STRAINS; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; MOLLISSIMA BLUME; PLANTING STOCK AB American chestnut restoration depends on a multitude of biological, administrative, and technological factors. Germplasm traditionally bred for resistance to the chestnut blight disease caused by the exotic pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica has been deployed on national forests in the Eastern and Southern Regions of the National Forest System (NFS) since 2009. Trees were challenged by biological factors, primarily deer browse and ink disease (caused by Phytophthora cinnamon). Because of these problems, inferences regarding resistance or tolerance to blight are premature. Mitigation to improve success includes improved technology in seedling production for planting and selection of appropriate test sites with limited management restrictions. We suggest that chestnut, restoration within the USDA Forest Service be conducted through deployment of a series of long-term multidisciplinary tests. Limitations in resources required for this effort necessitate partnership building both within and outside the agency. Vegetation establishment targets that include chestnut test plantings within the NFS should be developed. C1 [Clark, Stacy L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Schlarbaum, Scott E.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pinchot, Cornelia C.; Thomas-Van Gundy, Melissa; Schaberg, Paul; McKenna, James] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Knoxville, TN USA. [Anagnostakis, Sandra L.] Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT USA. [Saunders, Michael R.] Purdue Univ, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bard, Jane F.; Berrang, Paul C.; Casey, David M.; Casey, Chris E.; Crane, Barbara; Jackson, Brian D.; Kochenderfer, Jeff D.; Lewis, Robert F.; MacFarlane, Russ; Makowski, Robert; Miller, Mark D.; Rodrigue, Jason A.; Stelick, Jim; Thornton, Christopher D.; Williamson, Tyler S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Clark, SL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM stacyclark@fs.fed.us; tenntip@utk.edu; ccpinchot@fs.fed.us; sandra.anagnostakis@ct.gov; msaunder@purdue.edu; mthomasvangundy@fs.fed.us; pschaberg@fs.fed.us; jamesmckenna@fs.fed.us; jbard@fs.fed.us; pberrang@fs.fed.us; dmcasey@fs.fed.us; ccasey@fs.fed.us; barbaracrane@fs.fed.us; brianjackson@fs.fed.us; jdkochenderfer@fs.fed.us; rflewis@fs.fed.us; rmacfarlane@fs.fed.us; rmakowski@fs.fed.us; markmiller@fs.fed.us; jarodrigue@fs.fed.us; jstelick@fs.fed.us; cdthornton@fs.fed.us; tswilliamson@fs.fed.us FU American Chestnut Foundation grants program; University of Tennessee Agriculture Experiment Station; McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program; Northeastern States Research Cooperative; federal Hatch Act funds FX We greatly appreciate the numerous personnel within the USDA Forest Service for assistance, dedication, and expert advice related to the development of this article: John Blanton (retired), Marilyn Buford William Jones, Peter Gaulke, David Gwaze, and Wes Nettleton. We thank Anthony Elledge, Forest Health Protection, GIS Coordinator, for production of Figure I. Jeff Donahue and Fred Hebard provided information on TACF breeding program and current status of test plantings. Goy and Lucille Griffin provided information on ACCF activities. Steve Jeers, Clemson University, conducted disease testing for root rot for Region 8 plantings. Partial support of activities described in this article was provided by the American Chestnut Foundation grants program, the University of Tennessee Agriculture Experiment Station, the McIntire-Stennis Cooperative Forestry Research Program, the Northeastern States Research Cooperative, and federal Hatch Act funds. NR 92 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 33 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 502 EP 512 DI 10.5849/jof.13-106 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800014 ER PT J AU Knapp, BO Olson, MG Larsen, DR Kabrick, JM Jensen, RG AF Knapp, Benjamin O. Olson, Matthew G. Larsen, David R. Kabrick, John M. Jensen, Randy G. TI Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project: A Long-Term, Landscape-Scale, Collaborative Forest Management Research Project SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE even-aged management; MOFEP; silviculture; uneven-aged management ID ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH-PROGRAM; OAK DECLINE; TIMBER MANAGEMENT; SOIL RESPIRATION; GROUND FLORA; DYNAMICS; HETEROGENEITY; MICROCLIMATE; TEMPERATURE; HIGHLANDS AB The Missouri Ozark Forest Ecosystem Project (MOFEP) is a long-term, landscape-scale study that exemplifies a model of forest research emphasizing interagency and multidiscipline collaboration. Established in 1989 in the Ozark Highlands of southeastern Missouri, MOFEP uses a randomized complete block design to test the effects of three forest management systems (even-aged management, uneven-aged management, and no-harvest management) on response variables across a range of disciplines. Within this overarching experimental design, other studies have been nested to address specific research questions across spatial and temporal scales. This project is driven by management needs and is designed to evaluate the effects of forest management systems practiced by a state agency, the Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC), on an operational scale. Treatments are applied with entries at 15-year intervals over the course of the project's planned 100-year rotation length. To date, MOFEP has produced over 65 publications in peer-reviewed journals from scientists at federal, state, academic, and nonprofit organizations. This project is unique in that it is supported and maintained by a state agency, with keys to success including long-term commitment of resources and personnel, communication of results to scientific and management communities, and collaboration among and within those communities. C1 [Knapp, Benjamin O.; Larsen, David R.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Olson, Matthew G.; Jensen, Randy G.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Jefferson City, MO USA. [Kabrick, John M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Knapp, BO (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM knappb@missouri.edu; matthew.olson@mdc.mo.gov; larsendr@missouri.edu; jkabrick@fs.fed.us; randy.jensen@mdc.mo.gov FU Missouri Department of Conservation FX MOFEP was established and is supported by the Missouri Department of Conservation. The vast number of studies associated with MOFEP has involved hundreds of scientists, researchers, foresters, biologists, land managers, technicians, students, and other personnel, and MOFEP would not be in existence without their time and effort. NR 89 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 513 EP 524 DI 10.5849/jof.13-102 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800015 ER PT J AU Brose, PH AF Brose, Patrick H. TI Development of Prescribed Fire as a Silvicultural Tool for the Upland Oak Forests of the Eastern United States SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Review DE fire effects; hardwoods; Quercus spp.; shelterwood; woodland restoration ID FUEL REDUCTION TREATMENTS; SHELTERWOOD STANDS; ADVANCE REGENERATION; HARDWOOD FORESTS; NORTH-AMERICA; RECRUITMENT; HYPOTHESIS; SURVIVAL; SINGLE; OHIO AB In the past 40 years, the perception of periodic fire in upland oak (Quercus spp.) forests in the eastern United States has changed dramatically. Once thought of as a wholly destructive force, periodic fire is now considered an important disturbance whose absence is a major contributing factor to oak regeneration problems. This change in attitude and the concurrent development of prescribed fire as an accepted oak regeneration tool are due to several research-management partnerships. Starting in the 1970s, cooperative research between the USDA Forest Service and various land management agencies examined fire effects in mature, uncut oak forests. These failed to regenerate oak but identified some key limitations leading to the failures. Subsequent research in the 1990s shifted to oak shelterwoods and ultimately identified hot spring fires as a treatment that would regenerate oak. Since then, other partnerships have expanded fire-oak research to include woodland restoration burning. This paper reviews the history of cooperative fire-oak research over the past 40 years and the key role partnerships have played in the development of current prescribed fire practices in upland oak forests. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. RP Brose, PH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Irvine, PA 16329 USA. EM pbrose@fs.fed.us FU Joint Fire Science Program FX This paper was presented as part of the 2013 National Silviculture Workshop "Management-Research Partnerships" that was held jointly with the Society of American Foresters National Convention in North Charleston, South Carolina. I thank the organizers of the workshop for the opportunity to present this paper orally as well as publish it in a special issue of the Journal of Forestry. I also thank Todd Ristau, Scott Stoleson, Susan Wright, and three anonymous reviewers for their many comments that helped with clarity and conciseness. Funding for the fire-oak literature synthesis was provided by the Joint Fire Science Program. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 33 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 525 EP 533 DI 10.5849/jof.13-088 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800016 ER PT J AU Jain, TB Battaglia, MA Graham, RT AF Jain, Theresa B. Battaglia, Michael A. Graham, Russell T. TI Northern Rocky Mountain Experimental Forests: Settings for Science, Management, and Education Alliances SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; RESTORATION; WESTERN; PINE; DISTURBANCES; LANDSCAPE; PATTERNS; GROWTH C1 [Jain, Theresa B.; Battaglia, Michael A.; Graham, Russell T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Jain, TB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM tjain@fs.fed.us; mbattaglia@fs.fed.us; rtgraham@fs.fed.us NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 EI 1938-3746 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 5 BP 534 EP 541 DI 10.5849/jof.13-091 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AQ6YW UT WOS:000342960800017 ER PT J AU Berentsen, AR Brummer, SP Young, JK VerCauteren, KC AF Berentsen, Are R. Brummer, Stacey P. Young, Julie K. VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Evaluation of 6 ONRAB Ultralite bait flavor matrices delivered to coyotes (Canis latrans): Implications for oral rabies vaccination SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY BEHAVIOR-CLINICAL APPLICATIONS AND RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Canis latrans; coyote; ONRAB; oral rabies vaccination; rabies ID UNITED-STATES; FIELD PERFORMANCE; STRIPED SKUNKS; GRAY FOXES; RACCOONS; CANADA; CARNIVORES; RESPONSES; STIMULI; ONTARIO AB The spread of rabies in terrestrial wildlife throughout the United States is primarily controlled through oral rabies vaccination. Relatively low bait acceptance and seroconversion rates by some target species have prompted investigation into an alternative to the RABORAL V-RG bait currently used. In Canada, ONRAB Ultralite baits are used to vaccinate raccoons (Procyon lotor) and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis). Comparative studies between RABORAL V-RG and ONRAB found higher seroconversion rates among raccoons that ingested ONRAB, suggesting that it may be a suitable alternative. However, ONRAB has not been evaluated in many rabies reservoir species, including coyotes (Canis latrans). Vaccination of coyotes is a critical element in preventing reemergence of canine strain of rabies in the United States. We evaluated flavor preference of ONRAB Ultralite oral rabies vaccine baits by coyotes. Preferences among bait types differed (Friedman chi(2) = 13.28; df = 5; P = 0.02). Of the 6 bait flavors evaluated, cheese ranked the highest, followed by fish, chicken, sugar-vanilla, egg, and bacon flavors. Pairwise trials among the top 3 flavors (cheese, fish, and chicken) showed no difference (Friedman chi(2) = 3.00; df = 2; P = 0.22). Our research suggests that among the bait flavors we evaluated, cheese, fish, or chicken-flavored baits may be an appropriate flavor for delivery of ONRAB Ultralite baits to coyotes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Berentsen, Are R.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Brummer, Stacey P.; Young, Julie K.] USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Predator Res Facil, Logan, UT USA. RP Berentsen, AR (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, WS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Are.R.Berentsen@aphis.usda.gov FU National Rabies Management Program FX Funding was provided by the National Rabies Management Program. This research was approved by the USDA National Wildlife Research Center Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee under protocol QA-1955. The authors thank to H. Rowland for statistical assistance. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1558-7878 EI 1878-7517 J9 J VET BEHAV JI J. Vet. Behav.-Clin. Appl. Res. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 9 IS 5 BP 258 EP 261 DI 10.1016/j.jveb.2014.05.004 PG 4 WC Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences SC Behavioral Sciences; Veterinary Sciences GA AQ7SD UT WOS:000343018600011 ER PT J AU Khan, A Ajzenberg, D Mercier, A Demar, M Simon, S Darde, ML Wang, QL Verma, SK Rosenthal, BM Dubey, JP Sibley, LD AF Khan, Asis Ajzenberg, Daniel Mercier, Aurelien Demar, Magalie Simon, Stephane Darde, Marie Laure Wang, Qiuling Verma, Shiv Kumar Rosenthal, Benjamin M. Dubey, Jitender P. Sibley, L. David TI Geographic Separation of Domestic and Wild Strains of Toxoplasma gondii in French Guiana Correlates with a Monomorphic Version of Chromosome1a SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ORAL-TRANSMISSION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; CLONAL EXPANSION; VIRULENCE; OOCYSTS; BRAZIL; CATS; BRADYZOITES; INFECTIVITY; IMMUNITY AB Background: Previous studies have stressed the genetic divergence and high pathogenicity of strains of T. gondii from French Guiana. Although strains from coastal, human adapted environments (so called anthropized) resemble those found in other regions of the Caribbean, strains collected from inland jungle environment are genetically quite diverse. To better understand the composition of these distinct strain types, we undertook a more in depth analysis of T. gondii strains from French Guiana including profiling of chromosome 1a (Chr1a), which is often shared as a single monomorphic haplotype among lineages that are otherwise genetically distinct. Methodology/Principal Findings: Comparison of intron sequences from selectively neutral genes indicated that anthropized strains were most closely related to clonal type III strains from North America, although wider RFLP analysis revealed that they are natural hybrids. In contrast, strains isolated from the jungle were genetically very diverse. Remarkably, nearly all anthropized strains contained the monomorphic version of Chr1a while wild stains were extremely divergent. The presence of the monomorphic Chr1a strongly correlated with greater transmission in domestic cats, although there were several exceptions, indicating that other factors also contribute. Anthropized strains also varied in their virulence in laboratory mice, and this pattern could not be explained by the simple combination of previously identified virulence factors, indicating that other genetic determinants influence pathogenicity. Conclusions/Significance: Our studies underscore the marked genetic separation of anthropized and wild strains of T. gondii in French Guiana and provide additional evidence that the presence of Chr1a is associated with successful expansion of widely different lineages within diverse geographic areas. The predominance of Chr1a among strains in the anthropized environment suggests that it may confer an advantage for transmission in this environment, and thus potentially contribute to the spread of pathogenecity determinants. C1 [Khan, Asis; Wang, Qiuling; Sibley, L. David] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Ajzenberg, Daniel; Mercier, Aurelien; Darde, Marie Laure] Univ Limoges, INSERM, Ctr Natl Reference Toxoplasmose,Fac Med,Lab Paras, Toxoplasma Biol Resource Ctr,Unite Mixte Rech 109, Limoges, France. [Demar, Magalie; Simon, Stephane] Univ Antilles Guyane, Ctr Hosp Cayenne, Lab Parasitol Mycol, Cayenne, French Guiana. [Demar, Magalie; Simon, Stephane] Univ Antilles Guyane, Fac Med, Equipe EA 3593, Cayenne, French Guiana. [Verma, Shiv Kumar; Rosenthal, Benjamin M.; Dubey, Jitender P.] USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Khan, A (reprint author), NIAID, Mol Parasitol Unit, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM sibley@wustl.edu OI Rosenthal, Benjamin/0000-0002-0224-3773 FU National Institutes of Health [AI059176] FX Funding for this work was provided in part by grant AI059176 from the National Institutes of Health (http://www.nih.gov/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 8 IS 9 AR e3182 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003182 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AQ4UZ UT WOS:000342796600058 PM 25233228 ER PT J AU Karlen, DL Peterson, GA Westfall, DG AF Karlen, Douglas L. Peterson, Gary A. Westfall, Dwayne G. TI Soil and Water Conservation: Our History and Future Challenges SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID DRYLAND CROPPING SYSTEMS; PRECIPITATION USE; TILLAGE SYSTEMS; QUALITY; INTENSIFICATION; EFFICIENCY; STORAGE AB Remembering our past is an essential first step into the future. Building on that philosophy, we summarize two presentations from a 2012 Soil Science Society of America (SSSA) symposium focused on soil management challenges in response to climate change to examine: (i) how the Soil and Water Management and Conservation Division evolved, (ii) how soil management research approaches have changed since the division was founded, and (iii) how division scientists are helping an increasing global population respond to a dynamic and changing climate. Our division roots and much of soil science in general were literally and figuratively grounded in field research. Here, we examine the transition from field-scale observational to reductionist research approaches, discuss why the latter approach is inadequate for addressing landscape-scale, cropping system response to climate change, and suggest an alternative soil management research approach for our future. The evolution, challenges, and success of a four-factor landscape-scale cropping system study in the U. S. Great Plains is used to illustrate the proposed approach. Recent developments in research programs that promote a more comprehensive systems approach are also provided. We conclude with optimism that by identifying new funding priorities and approaches, SSSA scientists and engineers will be able to help solve several complex and wicked 21st century natural resource problems associated with a dynamic and changing climate and a population of more than nine billion people. C1 [Karlen, Douglas L.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Peterson, Gary A.; Westfall, Dwayne G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agron, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM doug.karlen@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 8 U2 79 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 EI 1435-0661 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 78 IS 5 BP 1493 EP 1499 DI 10.2136/sssaj2014.03.0110 PG 7 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA AQ9IK UT WOS:000343164600001 ER PT J AU Kargas, G Kerkides, P Seyfried, MS AF Kargas, G. Kerkides, P. Seyfried, M. S. TI Response of Three Soil Water Sensors to Variable Solution Electrical Conductivity in Different Soils SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; COMPLEX PERMITTIVITY MODEL; DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; POROUS-MEDIA; CAPACITANCE SENSOR; MOISTURE SENSORS; VOLCANIC SOILS; TEMPERATURE; CALIBRATION; FREQUENCY AB Commercial dielectric soil water sensors may improve irrigation management by providing continuous field soil water information. The accuracy of these sensors may be compromised, however, when low quality, high electrical conductivity irrigation water is used. The magnitude of this effect is expected to vary among sensors depending on the sensor measurement frequency (f), decreasing with increasing f, thus providing a potential criterion for sensor selection. We examined the effect of varying solution electrical conductivity (sigma(w)) on the sensor-measured dielectric permittivity (epsilon(s)) of the following three soil water sensors: the WET (f = 2 0 M Hz), 5 TE (f = 70 MHz), and ML2 (f = 100 MHz). We also evaluated the efficacy of using a simple, cost effective, two-point calibration technique (CAL) to adjust for differences among soils. We found that es varied dramatically, in some cases more than 15 dielectric units, among sensors in different soils under uniform soil water and sw conditions. The relative es response of the WET and ML2 sensors was consistent with their respective f, and the 5TE response was not. Thus, the WET epsilon(s) was almost always greater than the ML2, while the 5TE was generally less than the ML2. In all cases, the ML2 epsilon(s) could be described with a single, commonly used calibration equation. We also found that varying sigma(w) from 1.2 to 6 dS m(-1) had little effect on epsilon(s), indicating that a single calibration may work for that range of irrigation water quality. Finally, we found that the CAL procedure, as evaluated with the RMSE, was effective for all soils and sensors. C1 [Kargas, G.; Kerkides, P.] Agr Univ Athens, Dept Nat Resources Dev & Agr Engn, GR-11855 Athens, Greece. [Seyfried, M. S.] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. RP Seyfried, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. EM mark.seyfried@ars.usda.gov NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 23 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 13 IS 9 DI 10.2136/vzj2013.09.0169 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AQ9HW UT WOS:000343162600003 ER PT J AU Kojima, Y Heitman, JL Flerchinger, GN Ren, TS Ewing, RP Horton, R AF Kojima, Yuki Heitman, Joshua L. Flerchinger, Gerald N. Ren, Tusheng Ewing, Robert P. Horton, Robert TI Field Test and Sensitivity Analysis of a Sensible Heat Balance Method to Determine Soil Ice Contents SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; UNFROZEN WATER-CONTENT; THERMAL-PROPERTIES; FROZEN SOIL; UNSATURATED SOIL; LIQUID WATER; PULSE METHOD; IN-SITU; PROBE; CONDUCTIVITY AB Soil ice content impacts winter vadose zone hydrology. It may be possible to estimate changes in soil ice content with a sensible heat balance (SHB) method, using measurements from heat pulse (HP) sensors. Feasibility of the SHB method is unknown because of difficulties in measuring soil thermal properties in partially frozen soils. The objectives of this study were (i) to examine the SHB method for determining in situ ice content, and (ii) to evaluate the required accuracy of HP sensors for use in the SHB method. Heat pulse sensors were installed in a bare field to measure soil temperatures and thermal properties during freezing and thawing events. In situ soil ice contents were determined at 60-min intervals with SHB theory. Sensitivity of the SHB method to temperature, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and time step size was analyzed based on numerically produced soil freezing and thawing events. The in situ ice contents determined with the SHB method were sometimes unrealistically large or even negative. Thermal conductivity accuracy and time step size were the key factors contributing to SHB errors, while temperature and heat capacity accuracy had less influence. Ice content estimated with a 15-min SHB time step was more accurate than that estimated with a 60-min time step. Sensitivity analysis indicated that measurement errors in soil temperature and thermal conductivity should be less than +/- 0.05 degrees C and +/-20%, respectively, but the error in the soil heat capacity could vary by +/-50%. Thus, improving the accuracy of thermal conductivity measurements and using short time steps are required to accurately estimate soil ice contents with the SHB method. C1 [Kojima, Yuki; Ewing, Robert P.; Horton, Robert] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Heitman, Joshua L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Flerchinger, Gerald N.] USDA ARS, Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA. [Ren, Tusheng] China Agr Univ, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. RP Kojima, Y (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM ykojima@iastate.edu FU National Science Foundation [1215864]; Hatch Act; State of Iowa; State of North Carolina funds FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant 1215864, and by Hatch Act, State of Iowa, and State of North Carolina funds. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 22 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 13 IS 9 DI 10.2136/vzj2014.04.0036 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AQ9HW UT WOS:000343162600002 ER PT J AU Ganey, JL Apprill, DL Rawlinson, TA Kyle, SC Jonnes, RS Ward, JP AF Ganey, Joseph L. Apprill, Darrell L. Rawlinson, Todd A. Kyle, Sean C. Jonnes, Ryan S. Ward, James P., Jr. TI BREEDING DISPERSAL OF MEXICAN SPOTTED OWLS IN THE SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINS, NEW MEXICO SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE banding; dispersal distance; dispersal probability; mate fidelity; Mexican Spotted Owl; population dynamics ID STRIX OCCIDENTALIS-LUCIDA; NORTHERN ARIZONA; CALIFORNIA; MOVEMENTS; BIRDS; POPULATION AB Dispersal is a key process influencing population dynamics and gene flow in species. Despite this, little is known about breeding dispersal in threatened Mexican Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis lucida), here defined as movement of a non-juvenile owl between territories where it had the opportunity to breed. We observed 28 cases of breeding dispersal during a study of color-banded Mexican Spotted Owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, 2003-2011. This represented 4.9% of total opportunities to disperse (n = 575 observed occasions, range = 0-9.0% of owls dispersing per yr). Breeding dispersal probability was greater for single owls and paired owls whose mate disappeared or moved than for paired owls whose mate remained in the original territory, greater for subadult than for adult owls, and greater for owls that failed to reproduce the year prior to dispersing than for owls that reproduced successfully. There was some evidence that dispersal probability was greater for female owls and that females dispersed greater distances than males, but dispersal distances generally were small for both sexes of owls (mean distance = 5.1 and 3.6 kin for females and males, respectively). All dispersing owls were paired the first year they were observed in their new territory. Breeding dispersal appeared to occur regularly but at relatively low levels in this population, and dispersal probability appeared to be associated with owl social status, reproductive status, and age prior to dispersal. Because most dispersing owls either were unpaired or lost their mate, and because most failed to reproduce the year prior to dispersal, these owls generally were able to improve their social status and reproductive success by dispersing. C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Apprill, Darrell L.; Rawlinson, Todd A.; Kyle, Sean C.; Jonnes, Ryan S.; Ward, James P., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 2500 S Pine Knoll Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM jganey@fs.fed.us FU Southwestern Region, U.S. Forest Service (USFS); Lincoln National Forest and Rocky Mountain Research Station, USFS FX We thank the many dedicated field personnel who helped locate, capture, and radio-track owls within the Sacramento Mountains. We also thank personnel on the Sacramento Ranger District, Lincoln National Forest (especially M. Mauter, J. Montoya, R. Guaderrama, D. Salas, and J. Williams), for operational support. Major funding was provided by the Southwestern Region, U.S. Forest Service (USFS), with additional funding from the Lincoln National Forest and Rocky Mountain Research Station, USFS. We thank D. DeLorenzo (USES, SW Region) for his support and assistance with securing funding throughout the study, L. S Baggett and B. J. Bird for advice on statistical methods, and M. Leu and R. J. Gutierrez for helpful comments on earlier versions of this paper. NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 24 PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI WACO PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA SN 1559-4491 EI 1938-5447 J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL JI Wilson J. Ornithol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 126 IS 3 BP 516 EP 524 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA AQ6ZO UT WOS:000342962600010 ER PT J AU Effland, A AF Effland, Anne TI Fighting Foreclosure: The Blaisdell Case, the Contract Clause, and the Great Depression SO AGRICULTURAL HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 [Effland, Anne] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Effland, A (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AGRICULTURAL HISTORY SOCIETY PI LITTLE ROCK PA UALR, DEPT HISTORY, 2801 S UNIVERSITY AVE, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72324-1099 USA SN 0002-1482 EI 1533-8290 J9 AGR HIST JI Agric. Hist. PD FAL PY 2014 VL 88 IS 4 BP 619 EP 620 PG 2 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; History; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Agriculture; History; History & Philosophy of Science GA AQ2FW UT WOS:000342602200017 ER PT J AU Arita, S La Croix, S Edmonds, C AF Arita, Shawn La Croix, Sumner Edmonds, Christopher TI Effect of Approved Destination Status on Mainland Chinese Travel Abroad SO ASIAN ECONOMIC JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Approved Destination Status; tourism; China; difference-in-differences; visitor arrivals; F13; F14; L83 ID PROPENSITY SCORE; CAUSAL; IMPACT AB Approved Destination Status (ADS) agreements facilitate international leisure travel by Chinese citizens, allowing authorized travel agencies to offer group tour arrangements, including visa applications. The number of destinations with ADS agreements increased from 2 in 1983 to 114 in 2012. Using panel data for Chinese visitor arrivals in 58 countries from 1985 to 2005, we estimate a semi-parametric matched difference-in-differences model of the impact of ADS on overseas departures from mainland China. Treatment with ADS increased Chinese visitor arrivals in the 3-year period following ADS designation by more than 10 percent annually, with results varying substantially across countries. C1 [Arita, Shawn] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [La Croix, Sumner] Univ Hawaii, Dept Econ, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Edmonds, Christopher] Asian Dev Bank, Pacific Dept, Manila 1550, Philippines. RP La Croix, S (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Econ, 2424 Maile Way,Rm 542, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM ssarita@ers.usda.gov; lacroix@hawaii.edu; cedmonds@adb.org NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1351-3958 EI 1467-8381 J9 ASIAN ECON J JI Asian Econ. J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 28 IS 3 BP 217 EP 237 DI 10.1111/asej.12034 PG 21 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA AQ4CL UT WOS:000342739700001 ER PT J AU Shelby, KS AF Shelby, Kent S. TI INDUCTION OF ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES IN INFECTED TISSUES OF LARVAL HELIOTHIS VIRESCENS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial peptides; antibacterial peptides; bacteria; infection; budworm; hemocyte; fat body; gloverin-like; lebocin-like; heliomicin; virescin; heliocin ID GENE-EXPRESSION; X-TOX; DEFENSIN; TRANSCRIPTS; HEMOCYTES; RESPONSES; IMMUNITY; PROTEIN; RNA AB Effective biological control of destructive heliothine larvae via application of microbial entomopathogens or parasitoids is limited by a robust immune response against infection and parasitization. To better understand the immune response of budworms against microbial entomopathogens, several orthologs of antibacterial response proteins were identified and extracted from a tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), expressed sequence tag database for study of their upregulation by bacterial infection. Transcript sequences corresponding to precursors of 3 antimicrobial peptides from H. virescens hemolymph (virescein, heliomicin and heliocin) have been identified and their induction by bacterial elicitation analyzed. Further, a gloverin-like antibacterial and an H. virescens ortholog of the Lepidopteran hemocyte-specific antibacterial Spod-X-Tox have been identified. Induction of these selected antibacterial protein transcripts by bacterial infection were quantitated using quantitative RT-PCR in hemocytes and fat bodies. Transcript levels of all were elevated by bacterial elicitation in both tissues as early as 3 hours post-treatment. C1 ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. RP Shelby, KS (reprint author), ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, 1503 S Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM Kent.Shelby@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System Project [3622-22000-031] FX Funded by United States Department of Agriculture Current Research Information System Project 3622-22000-031. I thank Joseph Ringbauer for technical assistance and Holly Popham for helpful suggestions. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. All programs and services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture are offered on a nondiscriminatory basis without regard to race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age, marital status, or handicap. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 921 EP 927 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1JM UT WOS:000342537700007 ER PT J AU Lee, DH Park, CG Seo, BY Boiteau, G Vincent, C Leskey, TC AF Lee, Doo-Hyung Park, Chang-Gyu Seo, Bo Yoon Boiteau, Gilles Vincent, Charles Leskey, Tracy C. TI DETECTABILITY OF HALYOMORPHA HALYS (HEMIPTERA: PENTATOMIDAE) BY PORTABLE HARMONIC RADAR IN AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE brown marmorated stink bug; invasive species; tracking; detection ID TAG ATTACHMENT; INSECTS; DISPERSAL; MOVEMENT; IMPACT; FLIGHT; GLUES; PEST AB Harmonic radar technology enhances capability to track the movement of individual small insects under field conditions. To maximize the capacity of this technology, it is necessary that radar tags must be securely attached to insects and that the tags remain functional when subjected to mechanical stress. In this study, a series of experiments was carried out to test an improved harmonic radar tag designed to be more resistant to mechanical stresses and to establish that a portable harmonic radar system can effectively detect adult Halyomorpha halys Stal (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on various structures in different landscapes. The functional resistance of radar tags to similar to 1-m free falls on a hard surface was improved significantly by reinforcing the adhesive bond between the radar transponder and the radar wire by application of cyanoacrylate glue. This measure did not affect the detectability of radar tags, and it significantly increased the resistance of radar tags against random mechanical impacts inflicted on the insects and tags. The success rates of locating radar-tagged H. halys were compared among different landscapes, including a mowed grass-covered plot (250 m(2)), a mature peach tree plot (50 m(2)), and an unmanaged hedgerow (50 m(2)). The success rates were > 90% in all landscapes tested. There was no significant difference in the search time needed to locate tagged adults. In general, it took less than 2 min to detect and recover H. halys. The success rates of locating radar-tagged H. halys were also compared among different locations within mature fruit trees. There was no significant difference in the success rates between the inner third (87%) and the outer third of the host tree canopy (100%). However, a significantly longer period of time was required to locate H. halys in the inner canopy (372 s +/- 95 SE) compared with the outer canopy (148 s +/- 39 SE). When H. halys were concealed in the lower, middle and upper thirds of the outer tree canopy, the success rates of locating tagged adults were consistently 95% or greater at all canopy heights with no significant difference in search times needed to locate tagged adults. The results of this study provide context for researchers to reliably use this radar system in the field to study the dispersal biology of H. halys. C1 [Lee, Doo-Hyung] Gachon Univ, Dept Life Sci, Songnam, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Park, Chang-Gyu] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Acad Agr Sci, Suwon, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Seo, Bo Yoon; Boiteau, Gilles] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Potato Res Ctr, Fredericton, NB E3B 4Z7, Canada. [Vincent, Charles] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Hort Res & Dev Ctr, St Jean, PQ J3B 3E6, Canada. [Leskey, Tracy C.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Lee, DH (reprint author), Gachon Univ, Dept Life Sci, 1342 Seongnamdaero, Songnam, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. EM dl343@gachon.ac.kr FU USDA-NIFA SCRI [2011-51181-30937]; Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea) [PJ008946] FX We thank Cameron Scorza and John Cullum for excellent technical support. We thank Alan Biggs for allowing us to conduct trials at Kearneysville Tree Fruit Research & Education Center. This work was supported by USDA-NIFA SCRI award # 2011-51181-30937 and by the Cooperative Research Program for Agricultural Science & Technology Development (Project No. PJ008946; Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 18 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1131 EP 1138 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1JM UT WOS:000342537700034 ER PT J AU Paraiso, O Smith, TR Hight, SD Davis, BJ AF Paraiso, Oulimathe Smith, Trevor Randall Hight, Stephen D. Davis, Bobie Jo TI REARING A NATIVE CACTUS MOTH, MELITARA PRODENIALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: PYRALIDAE), ON ARTIFICIAL DIET AND OPUNTIA CLADODES: PRELIMINARY COMPARISONS SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Apanteles opuntiarum; Cactoblastis cactorum; cladodes; developmental abnormalities; mass rearing; nutrient deficiencies; Opuntia ID CACTOBLASTIS-CACTORUM LEPIDOPTERA; OVIPOSITION PREFERENCE; BERG LEPIDOPTERA; RISK-ASSESSMENT; WALKER; PERFORMANCE; PARASITOIDS; FLORIDA AB This study compared several biological parameters of native cactus moth, Melitara prodenialis, reared on an artificial versus the natural diet of Opuntia spp. cladodes. Results suggest that the current artificial diet developed for mass rearing C. cactorum can provide nutritional value for the rearing of Melitara spp. native cactus moths. Overall, rearing M. prodenialis on the artificial diet was more successful than on Opuntia cladodes and required less time and labor. Mass rearing of M. prodenialis using artificial diet should improve once subsequent generations become adapted to laboratory rearing conditions. C1 [Paraiso, Oulimathe; Smith, Trevor Randall; Davis, Bobie Jo] Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Hight, Stephen D.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Paraiso, O (reprint author), Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Plant Ind, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM oulimathe.paraiso@freshfromflorida.com NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1232 EP 1236 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1JM UT WOS:000342537700045 ER PT J AU Valles, SM Oi, DH AF Valles, Steven M. Oi, David H. TI SUCCESSFUL TRANSMISSION OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA VIRUS 3 TO FIELD COLONIES OF SOLENOPSIS INVICTA (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE biopesticide and/or classical biological control agent; fire ant saevissima complex; single stranded RNA virus ID FIRE ANT COLONIES; MULTIPLEX PCR; POLYGYNE AB Solenopsis invicta virus 3 (SINV-3) is a positive sense, single stranded virus that exhibits host specificity toward saevissima complex fire ants. The virus is being considered for release as a biological control agent in areas in which the virus is absent. This study demonstrates that field transmission is possible. C1 [Valles, Steven M.; Oi, David H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Valles, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM steven.valles@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1244 EP 1246 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1JM UT WOS:000342537700048 ER PT J AU Tufts, DM Hunter, WB Bextine, B AF Tufts, Danielle M. Hunter, Wayne B. Bextine, Blake TI SOLENOPSIS INVICTA VIRUS (SINV-1) INFECTION AND INSECTICIDE INTERACTIONS IN THE RED IMPORTED FIRE ANT (HYMENOPTERA: FORMICIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE antagonist; biological control; Fipronil; Hydramethylnon; virus-ant interaction ID POPULATIONS; IDENTIFICATION; DISCOVERY; HEMOLYMPH; GENOME AB The red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), is of great concern because of its destructive nature to endemic wildlife, livestock, and people. Various methods for managing this pest are currently being developed, including the use of viruses as biological control agents. In this study, the effectiveness of the Solenopsis invicta virus (SINV-1), (a positive sense, single-stranded RNA virus in the Dicistroviridae family (Genus: Aparavirus) which only infects the Genus Solenopsis) as an effective biological control agent against S. invicta infestation in combination with commonly used insecticides was investigated. Surprisingly, ants treated with the virus experienced significantly greater survival rates than non-infected but chemically treated individuals. SINV-1 might provide some unidentified benefit to aid individual ant survival, however at this point, without fully understanding the virus-ant interaction, the use of SINV-1 as a biological control agent requires further investigation. C1 [Tufts, Danielle M.; Bextine, Blake] Univ Texas Tyler, Dept Biol, Tyler, TX 75799 USA. [Hunter, Wayne B.] ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Tufts, DM (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, 323 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM dmtufts11@yahoo.com NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 17 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1251 EP 1254 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1JM UT WOS:000342537700050 ER PT J AU Jennings, DE Duan, JJ Larson, KM Lelito, JP Shrewsbury, PM AF Jennings, David E. Duan, Jian J. Larson, Kristi M. Lelito, Jonathan P. Shrewsbury, Paula M. TI EVALUATING A NEW METHOD FOR MONITORING THE FIELD ESTABLISHMENT AND PARASITISM OF OOBIUS AGRILI (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), AN EGG PARASITOID OF EMERALD ASH BORER (COLEOPTERA: BUPRESTIDAE) SO FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Agrilus planipennis; biological control; Fraxinus pennsylvanica; invasive species AB We tested 10 cm x 10 cm mesh egg-sentinel envelopes (ESEs) containing emerald ash borer eggs on filter paper, and assessed how 2 different mesh sizes (0.5 mm and 1 mm) affected parasitism by Oobius agrili in the laboratory, and parasitism and predation in the field. Mesh size significantly affected parasitism in the laboratory, with the 0.5 mm mesh reducing parasitism by approximately 20% relative to the 1 mm mesh. Parasitism was much lower in the field with no significant difference among treatments, but the 0.5 mm mesh did significantly reduce predation by almost 50% in comparison to the 1 mm mesh. To reduce egg predation while enabling detectable levels of parasitism by O. agrili, we therefore recommend using mesh screen 0.5 mm wide to create ESEs for field deployment. C1 [Jennings, David E.; Shrewsbury, Paula M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Duan, Jian J.; Larson, Kristi M.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Intro Res Unit, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Larson, Kristi M.] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Lelito, Jonathan P.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Emerald Ash Borer Program, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Jennings, DE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM dejennin@umd.edu OI Jennings, David/0000-0001-7179-3069 NR 5 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LUTZ PA 16125 E LAKE BURRELL DR, LUTZ, FL 33548 USA SN 0015-4040 EI 1938-5102 J9 FLA ENTOMOL JI Fla. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 97 IS 3 BP 1263 EP 1265 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1JM UT WOS:000342537700053 ER PT J AU Palmer, JM Kubatova, A Novakova, A Minnis, AM Kolarik, M Lindner, DL AF Palmer, Jonathan M. Kubatova, Alena Novakova, Alena Minnis, Andrew M. Kolarik, Miroslav Lindner, Daniel L. TI Molecular Characterization of a Heterothallic Mating System in Pseudogymnoascus destructans, the Fungus Causing White-Nose Syndrome of Bats SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE geomyces; sexual reproduction; mating type; white-nose syndrome; Genetics of Sex ID PATHOGEN ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS; GEOMYCES-DESTRUCTANS; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; SECONDARY METABOLISM; UNITED-STATES; VIRULENCE; NIDULANS; GENES; HIBERNACULA; NEUROSPORA AB White-nose syndrome (WNS) of bats has devastated bat populations in eastern North America since its discovery in 2006. WNS, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, has spread quickly in North America and has become one of the most severe wildlife epidemics of our time. While P. destructans is spreading rapidly in North America, nothing is known about the sexual capacity of this fungus. To gain insight into the genes involved in sexual reproduction, we characterized the mating-type locus (MAT) of two Pseudogymnoascus spp. that are closely related to P. destructans and homothallic (self-fertile). As with other homothallic Ascomycota, the MAT locus of these two species encodes a conserved a-box protein (MAT1-1-1) as well as two high-mobility group (HMG) box proteins (MAT1-1-3 and MAT1-2-1). Comparisons with the MAT locus of the North American isolate of P. destructans (the ex-type isolate) revealed that this isolate of P. destructans was missing a clear homolog of the conserved HMG box protein (MAT1-2-1). These data prompted the discovery and molecular characterization of a heterothallic mating system in isolates of P. destructans from the Czech Republic. Both mating types of P. destructans were found to coexist within hibernacula, suggesting the presence of mating populations in Europe. Although populations of P. destructans in North America are thought to be clonal and of one mating type, the potential for sexual recombination indicates that continued vigilance is needed regarding introductions of additional isolates of this pathogen. C1 [Palmer, Jonathan M.; Minnis, Andrew M.; Lindner, Daniel L.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Kubatova, Alena; Kolarik, Miroslav] Charles Univ Prague, Dept Bot, Fac Sci, CZ-12801 Prague 2, Czech Republic. [Novakova, Alena] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Ctr Biol, Inst Soil Biol, CZ-37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic. [Novakova, Alena; Kolarik, Miroslav] AS CR, Lab Fungal Genet & Metab, Inst Microbiol, Vvi, CZ-14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic. RP Lindner, DL (reprint author), One Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dlindner@wisc.edu RI Kolarik, Miroslav/A-1680-2008; Kubatova, Alena/D-7918-2016; OI Kolarik, Miroslav/0000-0003-4016-0335; Kubatova, Alena/0000-0002-2837-1087; Palmer, Jonathan/0000-0003-0929-3658 FU U.S. Forest Service (Northern Research Station); U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service [FWS-R5-ES-12-001, F11AP0078]; Czech Science Foundation [P506/12/1064] FX We are grateful to Kevin Drees and Jeff Foster for sharing genome-sequencing data prior to publication. We thank Nancy Keller (University of Wisconsin) for support, as well as Jessie Glaeser and Mark Banik for critical review of this manuscript prior to submission. This study was funded by the U.S. Forest Service (Northern Research Station), the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (FWS-R5-ES-12-001, Agreement #F11AP0078), and the Czech Science Foundation (Project No. P506/12/1064). NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 38 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 4 IS 9 BP 1755 EP 1763 DI 10.1534/g3.114.012641 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AQ1VE UT WOS:000342570600021 PM 25053709 ER PT J AU Jamann, TM Poland, JA Kolkman, JM Smith, LG Nelson, RJ AF Jamann, Tiffany M. Poland, Jesse A. Kolkman, Judith M. Smith, Laurie G. Nelson, Rebecca J. TI Unraveling Genomic Complexity at a Quantitative Disease Resistance Locus in Maize SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ASSOCIATION MAPPING POPULATION; ASYMMETRIC CELL-DIVISION; SOUTHERN LEAF-BLIGHT; NEAR-ISOGENIC LINES; TRAIT LOCI; GENETIC ARCHITECTURE; WATER REGIMES; SETOSPHAERIA-TURCICA; STRESS-RESPONSE; BROAD-SPECTRUM AB Multiple disease resistance has important implications for plant fitness, given the selection pressure that many pathogens exert directly on natural plant populations and indirectly via crop improvement programs. Evidence of a locus conditioning resistance to multiple pathogens was found in bin 1.06 of the maize genome with the allele from inbred line "Tx303" conditioning quantitative resistance to northern leaf blight (NLB) and qualitative resistance to Stewart's wilt. To dissect the genetic basis of resistance in this region and to refine candidate gene hypotheses, we mapped resistance to the two diseases. Both resistance phenotypes were localized to overlapping regions, with the Stewart's wilt interval refined to a 95.9-kb segment containing three genes and the NLB interval to a 3.60-Mb segment containing 117 genes. Regions of the introgression showed little to no recombination, suggesting structural differences between the inbred lines Tx303 and "B73," the parents of the fine-mapping population. We examined copy number variation across the region using next-generation sequencing data, and found large variation in read depth in Tx303 across the region relative to the reference genome of B73. In the fine-mapping region, association mapping for NLB implicated candidate genes, including a putative zinc finger and pan1. We tested mutant alleles and found that pan1 is a susceptibility gene for NLB and Stewart's wilt. Our data strongly suggest that structural variation plays an important role in resistance conditioned by this region, and pan1, a gene conditioning susceptibility for NLB, may underlie the QTL. C1 [Jamann, Tiffany M.; Kolkman, Judith M.; Nelson, Rebecca J.] Cornell Univ, Sch Integrat Plant Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Genet Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Poland, Jesse A.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Smith, Laurie G.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Sect Cell & Dev Biol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Nelson, RJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, 303G Plant Sci Bldg,236 Tower Rd, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rjn7@cornell.edu OI Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU National Science Foundation [1127076]; McKnight Foundation; Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station federal formula funds; National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), United States Department of Agriculture [NYC-153418]; Cornell University FX We acknowledge Santiago Mideros for bioinformatics support and Randall Wisser, Bode Olukolu, and Chia-Lin Chung for helpful discussions and technical assistance. We acknowledge Laura Morales, Alyssa Cowles, William Miller, Chris Mancuso, Katharine Constas, Ariel Fialko, and Xingyu Luo for their assistance with fieldwork and Yeri Park for help with the pan1 RT-PCR experiments. This work was funded by National Science Foundation award 1127076, the McKnight Foundation, the Cornell University Agricultural Experiment Station federal formula funds, Project No. NYC-153418 received from the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), United States Department of Agriculture, and Cornell University. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in the publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA), of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), or of the other funders. NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 7 U2 39 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 EI 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD SEP PY 2014 VL 198 IS 1 BP 333 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.114.167486 PG 23 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AQ1VC UT WOS:000342570300028 PM 25009146 ER PT J AU Hirsch, CN Flint-Garcia, SA Beissinger, TM Eichten, SR Deshpande, S Barry, K McMullen, MD Holland, JB Buckler, ES Springer, N Buell, CR de Leon, N Kaeppler, SM AF Hirsch, Candice N. Flint-Garcia, Sherry A. Beissinger, Timothy M. Eichten, Steven R. Deshpande, Shweta Barry, Kerrie McMullen, Michael D. Holland, James B. Buckler, Edward S. Springer, Nathan Buell, C. Robin de Leon, Natalia Kaeppler, Shawn M. TI Insights into the Effects of Long-Term Artificial Selection on Seed Size in Maize SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ASSOCIATION MAPPING POPULATION; GENETIC-VARIATION; FLOWERING-TIME; INBRED LINES; HUMAN GENOME; COPY NUMBER; KERNEL SIZE; DNA; TRAIT; ARCHITECTURE AB Grain produced from cereal crops is a primary source of human food and animal feed worldwide. To understand the genetic basis of seed-size variation, a grain yield component, we conducted a genome-wide scan to detect evidence of selection in the maize Krug Yellow Dent long-term divergent seed-size selection experiment. Previous studies have documented significant phenotypic divergence between the populations. Allele frequency estimates for similar to 3 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the base population and selected populations were estimated from pooled whole-genome resequencing of 48 individuals per population. Using F-ST values across sliding windows, 94 divergent regions with a median of six genes per region were identified. Additionally, 2729 SNPs that reached fixation in both selected populations with opposing fixed alleles were identified, many of which clustered in two regions of the genome. Copy-number variation was highly prevalent between the selected populations, with 532 total regions identified on the basis of read-depth variation and comparative genome hybridization. Regions important for seed weight in natural variation were identified in the maize nested association mapping population. However, the number of regions that overlapped with the long-term selection experiment did not exceed that expected by chance, possibly indicating unique sources of variation between the two populations. The results of this study provide insights into the genetic elements underlying seed-size variation in maize and could also have applications for other cereal crops. C1 [Hirsch, Candice N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Eichten, Steven R.; Springer, Nathan] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Flint-Garcia, Sherry A.; McMullen, Michael D.; Holland, James B.; Buckler, Edward S.] ARS, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Flint-Garcia, Sherry A.; McMullen, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Beissinger, Timothy M.; de Leon, Natalia; Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Beissinger, Timothy M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [de Leon, Natalia; Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Eichten, Steven R.; Springer, Nathan] Joint Genome Inst, Dept Energy, Walnut Creek, CA 94598 USA. [Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Kaeppler, SM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM smkaeppl@wisc.edu OI Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; Kaeppler, Shawn/0000-0002-5964-1668; Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 FU UW-Madison; Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation; National Science Foundation; U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science; Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center [DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494]; Office of Science of the U.S. DOE [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; University of Wisconsin Graduate School FX We are grateful to Dupont-Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc., for providing SNP data. This research was performed using the computer resources and assistance of the UW-Madison Center For High Throughput Computing (CHTC) in the Department of Computer Sciences. The CHTC is supported by UW-Madison and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation and is an active member of the Open Science Grid, which is supported by the National Science Foundation and the U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Science. This work was funded by the Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). The work conducted by the U.S. DOE Joint Genome Institute was supported by the Office of Science of the U.S. DOE under contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. T.B. was supported by the University of Wisconsin Graduate School and by a gift to the University of Wisconsin-Madison Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics program from Monsanto. NR 72 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 7 U2 54 PU GENETICS SOCIETY AMERICA PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0016-6731 EI 1943-2631 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD SEP PY 2014 VL 198 IS 1 BP 409 EP + DI 10.1534/genetics.114.167155 PG 45 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AQ1VC UT WOS:000342570300034 PM 25037958 ER PT J AU Dunford, JC Stoops, CA Estep, AS Britch, SC Richardson, AG Walker, TW Farooq, M Hoel, DF Platt, RR Smith, VL Wirtz, RA Kerce, JD AF Dunford, James C. Stoops, Craig A. Estep, Alden S. Britch, Seth C. Richardson, Alec G. Walker, Todd W. Farooq, Muhammad Hoel, David F. Platt, Raymond R. Smith, Vincent L. Wirtz, Robert A. Kerce, Jerry D. TI SR450 AND SUPERHAWK XP APPLICATIONS OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS ISRAELENSIS AGAINST CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Larval control; container-inhabiting; backpack sprayer; thermal fogger ID VAR. ISRAELENSIS; ALBOPICTUS SKUSE; MOSQUITO-CONTROL; AEDES-AEGYPTI; FORMULATIONS; BTI; ULV; CONTAINERS; MALAYSIA; STRAIN AB Sprayer comparisons and larval morality assays were conducted following SR450 backpack mist blower and Superhawk XP thermal fogger applications of Vectobac (R) WDG Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis (Bti) against Culex quinquefasciatus. Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis was applied at maximum label rate in a 232.26-m(2) field plot located in north-central Florida with containers placed at 2 heights (ground level and 1.52 m above ground) on stakes positioned 3.04, 6.09, 9.14, 12.19, and 15.24 m from the spray line. Results indicated that there was no significant (P > 0.05) difference in 24- and 48-h larval mortality between the 2 sprayers or between the 2 heights. There was significant difference (P < 0.05) among the 5 rows, with mortality continuously decreasing with increasing distance from sprayer. Both sprayers provided on average >70% larval mortality 3.04-9.14 m from the spray line, and <60% mortality at 12.19 and 15.24 m. The data suggest that the SR450 and Superhawk XP may be comparable sprayers for use with Bti to control mosquito larvae. C1 [Dunford, James C.; Hoel, David F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Navy & Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Detachment, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Stoops, Craig A.] USDA ARS, Navy & Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Detachment, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Estep, Alden S.; Richardson, Alec G.; Walker, Todd W.; Farooq, Muhammad; Platt, Raymond R.; Smith, Vincent L.] Naval Air Stn, Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Britch, Seth C.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Wirtz, Robert A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kerce, Jerry D.] Camp Blanding Joint Training Ctr, Starke, FL 32091 USA. RP Dunford, JC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Navy & Marine Corps Publ Hlth Ctr Detachment, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. FU Department of Defense Deployed War Fighter Protection Program FX We greatly appreciate assistance provided by Camp Blanding Joint Training Center personnel for arranging field site location and installation access. We also thank J. Andrews and P. DeChant (Valent BioSciences) for providing VectoBac WDG Bti and Curtis Dyna-Fog for loan of the Superhawk XP. Assistance in the field and lab was kindly provided by J. Bertrand, A. Lloyd, R. Pomales, and A. Hanley. Earlier versions of this manuscript were greatly improved by reviews provided by H. Arimoto, C. Doud, J. Harwood, P. Nunn, and P. Obenauer (NECE). This study was conducted by NECE as part of its mission in developing field expedient vector control technologies and techniques to better protect deployed war fighters from insect-borne diseases, with financial, technical, and field support provided by the Department of Defense Deployed War Fighter Protection Program. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 191 EP 198 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1IO UT WOS:000342535300005 PM 25843094 ER PT J AU Clark, GG Fernandez-Salas, I AF Clark, Gary G. Fernandez-Salas, Ildefonso TI MOSQUITO VECTOR BIOLOGY AND CONTROL IN LATIN AMERICA-A 24TH SYMPOSIUM SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Mosquitoes; dengue; malaria; control; Aedes; Anopheles; Culex; essential oils ID ABSTRACTS AB The 24th Annual Latin American Symposium presented by the American Mosquito Control Association (AMCA) was held as part of the 80th Annual Meeting in Seattle, WA, in February 2014. The principal objective, for the previous 23 symposia, was to promote participation in the AMCA by vector control specialists, public health workers, and academicians from Latin America. This publication includes summaries of 26 presentations that were given orally in Spanish or presented as posters by participants from Colombia, Mexico, and the USA. Topics addressed in the symposium included: surveillance, ecology, chemical control, studies of dengue viruses, and insecticide resistance associated with Aedes aegypti; Anopheles vectors of malaria; essential oils; and ethnic groups and vector-borne diseases. C1 [Clark, Gary G.] ARS, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Fernandez-Salas, Ildefonso] Autonomous Univ Nuevo Leon, Fac Biol Sci, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. RP Clark, GG (reprint author), ARS, Mosquito & Fly Res Unit, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. FU Valent Biosciences Corporation; Univar USA; AMCA; Clarke FX Financial support for the 24th Annual Symposium was provided by the following sponsors: Clarke, Valent Biosciences Corporation, and Univar USA. Funds from these sponsors provided support for Annual Meeting for the Latin American Student Competition, and publication of these summaries. The continuing support by the AMCA for this symposium is also acknowledged. In addition, Manuel Lluberas is recognized for his tireless support and dedication to the annual symposium and for utilizing his extraordinary simultaneous translation skills to make this program a success. Henry Rupp is acknowledged for his superb editorial assistance with the summaries submitted by symposium. participants. Enthusiasm and interest for this symposium among Spanish- and non-Spanish-speaking participants continues to be high. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 204 EP 214 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1IO UT WOS:000342535300007 PM 25843096 ER PT J AU Britch, SC Linthicum, KJ Aldridge, RL Yans, MW Hill, DW Obenauer, PJ Hoffman, ER AF Britch, Seth C. Linthicum, Kenneth J. Aldridge, Robert L. Yans, Matthew W. Hill, David W. Obenauer, Peter J. Hoffman, Eric R. TI A MOBILE APP FOR MILITARY OPERATIONAL ENTOMOLOGY PESTICIDE APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE iOS; Android; pesticides; vector control; Deployed War-Fighter Protection research program ID HIGH-THROUGHPUT MOSQUITO; PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLIES; TALLIL AIR BASE; BARRIER TREATMENTS; INSECTICIDES; IMPACT; ENVIRONMENT; IRAQ; ULV AB Multiple field studies conducted for the Deployed War-Fighter Protection (DWFP) research program have generated more than 80 specific guidance points for innovative combinations of pesticide application equipment, pesticide formulations, and application techniques for aerosol and residual pesticide treatments in 6 ecological regions against a range of mosquito, sand fly, and filth fly nuisance and disease-vector threats. To synthesize and operationalize these DWFP field and laboratory efficacy data we developed an interactive iOS and Android mobile software application, the Pesticide App, consisting of specific pesticide application guidance organized by environment and target insect vector species. C1 [Britch, Seth C.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.; Aldridge, Robert L.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Yans, Matthew W.; Obenauer, Peter J.; Hoffman, Eric R.] Navy Entomol Ctr Excellence, Naval Air Stn, Jacksonville, FL 32212 USA. [Hill, David W.] US Army Garrison Forest Glen, Dept Def, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Britch, SC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RI Emchi, Karma/Q-1952-2016 FU DoD through the AFPMB; DoD through the DWFP; USDA-Agricultural Research Service FX This research was supported by the DoD through the AFPMB and the DWFP, and by the USDA-Agricultural Research Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products is solely to provide specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA, the DoD, or the US Navy. The USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X EI 1943-6270 J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 234 EP 238 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ1IO UT WOS:000342535300013 PM 25843102 ER PT J AU Kilgo, JC Vukovich, M Scott Ray, H Shaw, CE Ruth, C AF Kilgo, John C. Vukovich, Mark Scott Ray, H. Shaw, Christopher E. Ruth, Charles TI Coyote Removal, Understory Cover, and Survival of White-Tailed Deer Neonates SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Canis latrans; coyote; fawn; mortality; neonate; Odocoileus virginianus; predation; Savannah River Site; South Carolina; survival; white-tailed deer ID CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; SOUTH-CAROLINA; NORTH-AMERICA; NATIONAL-PARK; PREDATION; FAWNS; POPULATIONS; MULE; TERRITORIALITY; PRODUCTIVITY AB Predation by coyotes (Canis latrans) on white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) neonates has led to reduced recruitment in many deer populations in southeastern North America. This low recruitment combined with liberal antlerless deer harvest has resulted in declines in some deer populations, and consequently, increased interest in coyote population control. We investigated whether neonate survival increased after coyote removal, whether coyote predation on neonates was additive to other mortality sources, and whether understory vegetation density affected neonate survival. We monitored neonate survival for 4 years prior to (2006-2009) and 3 years during (2010-2012) intensive coyote removal on 3 32-km(2) units on the United States Department of Energy's Savannah River Site, South Carolina. We removed 474 coyotes (1.63coyotes/km(2) per unit per year), reducing coyote abundance by 78% from pre-removal levels. The best model (w(i)=0.927) describing survival probability among 216 radio-collared neonates included a within-year quadratic time trend variable, date of birth, removal treatment, and a varying removal year effect. Under this model, survival differed between pre-treatment and removal periods and it differed among years during the removal period, being >100% greater than pre-treatment survival (0.228) during the first removal year (0.513), similar to pre-treatment survival during the second removal year (0.202), and intermediate during the third removal year (0.431). Despite an initial increase, the overall effect of coyote removal on neonate survival was modest. Mortality rate attributable to coyote predation was lowest during the first removal year (0.357) when survival was greatest, but the mortality rate from all other causes did not differ between the pre-treatment period and any year during removals, indicating that coyote predation acted as an additive source of mortality. Survival probability was not related to vegetation cover, either directly or in interaction with coyote abundance. When the objective is to increase the recruitment of white-tailed deer, we conclude that neither coyote control nor vegetation management appear effective. Reduction of the antlerless harvest may be necessary to meet this objective, but this harvest strategy warrants additional research in Southeastern deer populations. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Kilgo, John C.; Vukovich, Mark; Shaw, Christopher E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. [Scott Ray, H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, New Ellenton, SC 20809 USA. [Ruth, Charles] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. RP Kilgo, JC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, POB 700, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. EM jkilgo@fs.fed.us FU United States Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service-Savannah River [DE-AI09-00SR22188]; South Carolina Department of Natural Resources; USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station FX For assistance with fieldwork, we are indebted to S. Abrams, S. Bullock, W. Cheatum, M. DeLeeuw, S. Edler, M. Goode, T. Grazia, G. Handberry, K. Hasapes, T. Jamison, L. Krysinsky, J. Ledvina, K. Legleu, K. Mahoney, B. McLeod, T. Mims, J. Morris, J. Nance, K. Nayda, M. Nelson, M. Peterson, V. Petro, K. Pope, R. Ramsey, J. Schrecengost, B. Shuman, G. Slayton, B. Waller, C. Warbington, D. Webb, E. Wilson, and A. Wimberley. We thank J. Blake, E. Olson, K. Wright, and P. Wright for expediting logistics, M. Conroy and S. Zarnoch for assistance with statistical analysis, and C. Chitwood, M. Conroy, and M. Chamberlain for reviewing the manuscript, which also benefited from discussions with P. Johns. Funding was provided by the United States Department of Energy-Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service-Savannah River under Interagency Agreement DE-AI09-00SR22188, by the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, and by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. NR 54 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 11 U2 71 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 78 IS 7 BP 1261 EP 1271 DI 10.1002/jwmg.764 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA AQ2RF UT WOS:000342635100014 ER PT J AU Willett, CD Lerch, RN Goyne, KW Leigh, ND Lin, CH Roberts, CA AF Willett, Cammy D. Lerch, Robert N. Goyne, Keith W. Leigh, Nathan D. Lin, Chung-Ho Roberts, Craig A. TI A Simple Method for Isolation and Purification of DIBOA-Glc from Tripsacum dactyloides SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE DIBOA-Glc; Benzoxazinone; Atrazine degradation; Eastern gamagrass; Natural product purification ID HYDROXAMIC ACID; SECALE-CEREALE; GLUCOSIDES; IDENTIFICATION; SEEDLINGS; L. AB Naturally occurring benzoxazinones (Bx) are a highly reactive class of compounds that have received particular attention in the past several decades. Recently, we identified 2-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-4-hydroxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIBOA-Glc) as the compound present in the roots of Eastern gamagrass {Tripsacum dactyloides (L.)} responsible for atrazine degradation. However, characterization of the DIBOA-Glc/atrazine degradation reaction has been limited due to difficulties in attaining sufficient quantities of purified DIBOA-Glc. The objective of the study was to develop a simple purification and isolation method for obtaining bulk quantities of highly purified DIBOA-Glc. T. dactyloides roots were extracted with 90% aqueous methanol, and the crude extract was fractionated using an HPLC equipped with a C-8 semi-prep column and fraction collector. UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS was used to confirm the identity of DIBOA-Glc in the fractions collected. Analysis by C-13 and H-1 NMR and DAD indicated that 542 mg of DIBOA-Glc with a purity of >99% was obtained. The reactivity of the DIBOA-Glc was confirmed in a 16 hour assay with atrazine, which resulted in 48.5% +/- 1.2% (SD) atrazine degradation. The method described here offers several advantages over existing extraction and synthesis methods, which are more cumbersome, use hazardous chemicals, and yield only small quantities of purified compound. The newly developed method will facilitate future research characterizing the chemical behavior of DIBOA-Glc and determine its potential as an atrazine mitigation and remediation tool. C1 [Willett, Cammy D.; Lerch, Robert N.; Goyne, Keith W.] Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, Robert N.] ARS, USDA, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Leigh, Nathan D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lin, Chung-Ho] Univ Missouri, Ctr Agroforestry, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Roberts, Craig A.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Willett, CD (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Soil Environm & Atmospher Sci, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM willettc@missouri.edu OI Leigh, Nathan/0000-0003-0260-1224 FU University of Missouri Research Board and Center for Agroforestry FX We thank Dr Wei Wycoff of the University of Missouri NMR facility, and Bettina Coggeshall and Joe Absheer of the USDA- ARS Columbia, MO, for technical and analytical support. Funding for this research was provided through the University of Missouri Research Board and Center for Agroforestry. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X EI 1555-9475 J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 9 IS 9 BP 1283 EP 1286 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA AQ1MT UT WOS:000342546200015 PM 25918792 ER PT J AU DiGirolomo, MF Dodds, KJ AF DiGirolomo, Marc F. Dodds, Kevin J. TI Cerambycidae Bycatch from Asian Longhorned Beetle Survey Traps Placed in Forested Environs SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID MALE-PRODUCED PHEROMONE; PLANT VOLATILES; ANOPLOPHORA-GLABRIPENNIS; ATTRACTION; COMPONENTS; COLEOPTERA; SCALE; FIELD AB During the summer of 2012, 1500 semiochemical-baited detection traps targeting Anoplophora glabripennis (Asian Longhorned Beetle [ALB]) were deployed on the periphery of a large quarantine area in central Massachusetts. This large-scale survey effort provided an opportunity to investigate cerambycids other than ALB that were captured from a subset of these traps as bycatch. We captured a total of 278 cerambycids (long-horned beetles) representing 39 species during 3 months of trapping; Graphisurus lasciatus,Brachyleptura rubrica, Astylopsis macula, Aegomorphus modestus, and Elaphidion mucronatum (long-horned beetles) were the most abundant. The data presented here indicate that pest-detection activities involving semiochemical-baited traps provide an important opportunity to survey non-target insects. C1 [DiGirolomo, Marc F.; Dodds, Kevin J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP DiGirolomo, MF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM mfdigirolomo@fs.fed.us NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 31 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 EI 1938-5307 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PD SEP PY 2014 VL 21 IS 3 BP N28 EP N34 DI 10.1656/045.021.0310 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AQ0QS UT WOS:000342488400002 ER PT J AU Shaner, DL Beckie, HJ AF Shaner, Dale L. Beckie, Hugh J. TI The future for weed control and technology SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE glyphosate resistance; herbicide resistance; multiple resistance; integrated weed management; resistance management ID RESISTANT CROPPING SYSTEMS; OAT AVENA-FATUA; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; GLYPHOSATE RESISTANCE; CANADIAN PRAIRIES; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; GROWER AWARENESS; PEST-MANAGEMENT; COVER CROPS AB This review is both a retrospective (what have we missed?) and prospective (where are we going?) examination of weed control and technology, particularly as it applies to herbicide-resistant weed management(RWM). Major obstacles to RWM are discussed, including lack of diversity in weed management, unwillingness of many weed researchers to conduct real integrated weed management research or growers to accept recommendations, influence or role of agrichemical marketing and governmental policy and lack of multidisciplinary research. We then look ahead to new technologies that are needed for future weed control in general and RWM in particular, in areas such as non-chemical and chemical weed management, novel herbicides, site-specific weed management, drones for monitoring large areas, wider application of 'omics' and simulation model development. Finally, we discuss implementation strategies for integrated weed management to achieve RWM, development of RWM for developing countries, a new classification of herbicides based on mode of metabolism to facilitate greater stewardship and greater global exchange of information to focus efforts on areas that maximize progress in weed control and RWM. There is little doubt that new or emerging technologies will provide novel tools for RMW in the future, but will they arrive in time? (C) 2013 Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada Pest Management Science (C) 2013 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Shaner, Dale L.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Beckie, Hugh J.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Saskatoon Res Ctr, Saskatoon, SK S7N OX2, Canada. RP Beckie, HJ (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Saskatoon Res Ctr, 107 Sci Pl, Saskatoon, SK S7N OX2, Canada. EM hugh.beckie@agr.gc.ca NR 94 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 11 U2 131 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 70 IS 9 SI SI BP 1329 EP 1339 DI 10.1002/ps.3706 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AQ2MS UT WOS:000342621400005 PM 24339388 ER PT J AU Dayan, FE Owens, DK Tranel, PJ Preston, C Duke, SO AF Dayan, Franck E. Owens, Daniel K. Tranel, Patrick J. Preston, Christopher Duke, Stephen O. TI Evolution of resistance to phytoene desaturase and protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors - state of knowledge SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE phytoene desaturase; carotenoids; somatic mutation; aquatic weed management; invasive weed; herbicide resistance; protoporphyrinogen oxidase; chlorophylls; codon deletion; dual targeting; codon usage ID WATERHEMP AMARANTHUS-RUDIS; DIPHENYL ETHER HERBICIDES; EXPRESSING HUMAN CYP1A1; STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; RAPHANUS-RAPHANISTRUM; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CUCUMBER COTYLEDONS; CROSS-TOLERANCE AB Two major classes of herbicides include inhibitors of protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPO) and phytoene desaturase (PDS). Plants can evolve resistance to PPO and PDS inhibitors via several mechanisms that include physical changes, resulting in reduced uptake, physiological changes, resulting in compartmentalization or altered translocation, and biochemical changes, resulting in enhanced metabolic degradation or alterations of protein structures, leading to loss of sensitivity to the herbicides. This review discusses the involvement of some of these mechanisms in the various cases of resistance to PDS- and PPO-inhibiting herbicides, and highlights unique aspects of target-site resistance to these herbicides. (C) 2014 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Owens, Daniel K.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Tranel, Patrick J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Preston, Christopher] Univ Adelaide, Sch Agr Food & Wine, Adelaide, SA, Australia. RP Dayan, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM Franck.Dayan@ars.usda.gov RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009; OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499; Preston, Christopher/0000-0002-7588-124X NR 81 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 7 U2 61 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X EI 1526-4998 J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 70 IS 9 SI SI BP 1358 EP 1366 DI 10.1002/ps.3728 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA AQ2MS UT WOS:000342621400008 PM 24446422 ER PT J AU Nouwakpo, SK James, MR Weltz, MA Huang, CH Chagas, I Lima, L AF Nouwakpo, Sayjro K. James, Mike R. Weltz, Mark A. Huang, Chi-Hua Chagas, Isis Lima, Luiz TI EVALUATION OF STRUCTURE FROM MOTION FOR SOIL MICROTOPOGRAPHY MEASUREMENT SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC RECORD LA English DT Article DE photogrammetry; SfM; soil erosion; soil microtopography; structure from motion ID RANGE DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; EROSION; ACCURACY; MICRORELIEF; CALIBRATION; TILLAGE; RUNOFF AB Recent developments in low-cost structure-from-motion (SfM) technologies offer new opportunities for geoscientists to acquire high-resolution soil microtopography data at a fraction of the cost of conventional techniques. However, these new methodologies often lack easily accessible error metrics and hence are difficult to evaluate. In this research, a framework was developed to evaluate a SfM approach for soil microtopography measurement through assessment of uncertainty sources and quantification of their potential impact on overall 3D reconstruction. Standard deviations of camera interior orientation parameters estimated from SfM self-calibration within five different soil surface models were several orders of magnitude larger than precisions expected from pattern-based camera calibration. Sensitivity analysis identified the principal point position as the dominant source of calibration-induced uncertainty. Overall, surface elevation values estimated from both technologies were similar in magnitude with a root mean square (RMS) of elevation difference of 02mm. Nevertheless, the presence of deformation in either SfM or traditional photogrammetric point clouds highlights the importance of quality assurance safeguards (such as a judicious choice of control points) in SfM workflows for soil microtopography applications. C1 [Nouwakpo, Sayjro K.] Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [James, Mike R.] Univ Lancaster, Lancaster LA1 4YW, England. [Weltz, Mark A.] ARS, USDA, Reno, NV USA. [Huang, Chi-Hua] Purdue Univ, ARS, USDA, Indiana, PA USA. [Chagas, Isis; Lima, Luiz] Univ Fed Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brazil. RP Nouwakpo, SK (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA. EM snouwakpo@cabnr.unr.edu; m.james@lancaster.ac.uk; mark.weltz@ars.usda.gov; Chi-Hua.Huang@ars.usda.gov; isis.stacanelli@gmail.com; lalima@lalima.com.br RI James, Mike/C-6817-2008 OI James, Mike/0000-0002-9177-2588 NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 34 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0031-868X EI 1477-9730 J9 PHOTOGRAMM REC JI Photogramm. Rec. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 29 IS 147 BP 297 EP 316 DI 10.1111/phor.12072 PG 20 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA AQ2PD UT WOS:000342628600003 ER PT J AU Weitemier, K Straub, SCK Cronn, RC Fishbein, M Schmickl, R McDonnell, A Liston, A AF Weitemier, Kevin Straub, Shannon C. K. Cronn, Richard C. Fishbein, Mark Schmickl, Roswitha McDonnell, Angela Liston, Aaron TI HYB-SEQ: COMBINING TARGET ENRICHMENT AND GENOME SKIMMING FOR PLANT PHYLOGENOMICS SO APPLICATIONS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE genome skimming; Hyb-Seq; nuclear loci; phylogenomics; species tree; target enrichment ID SEQUENCE DATA; LARGE SETS; GENES; PHYLOGENETICS; EVOLUTIONARY; SYSTEMATICS; THOUSANDS; ELEMENTS; PROGRAM; MARKERS AB Premise of the study: Hyb-Seq, the combination of target enrichment and genome skimming, allows simultaneous data collection for low-copy nuclear genes and high-copy genomic targets for plant systematics and evolution studies. Methods and Results: Genome and transcriptome assemblies for milkweed (Asclepias syriaca) were used to design enrichment probes for 3385 exons from 768 genes (>1.6 Mbp) followed by Illumina sequencing of enriched libraries. Hyb-Seq of 12 individuals (10 Asclepias species and two related genera) resulted in at least partial assembly of 92.6% of exons and 99.7% of genes and an average assembly length >2 Mbp. Importantly, complete plastomes and nuclear ribosomal DNA cistrons were assembled using off-target reads. Phylogenomic analyses demonstrated signal conflict between genomes. Conclusions: The Hyb-Seq approach enables targeted sequencing of thousands of low-copy nuclear exons and flanking regions, as well as genome skimming of high-copy repeats and organellar genomes, to efficiently produce genome-scale data sets for phylogenomics. C1 [Weitemier, Kevin; Straub, Shannon C. K.; Liston, Aaron] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cronn, Richard C.] USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Fishbein, Mark; McDonnell, Angela] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Bot, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Schmickl, Roswitha] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Bot, CZ-25243 Pruhonice, Czech Republic. RP Liston, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, 2082 Cordley Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM listona@science.oregonstate.edu OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB 0919583] FX The authors thank M. Dasenko, Z. Foster, K. Hansen, S. Jogdeo, Z. Kamvar, L. Mealy, M. Parks, M. Peterson, C. Sullivan, and L. Worchester for laboratory, sequencing, data analysis, and computational support. J. M. Rouillard with MYcroarray provided valuable technical support. The authors thank J. Mandel and another anonymous reviewer for comments on a previous version of this manuscript. This work was funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (DEB 0919583). NR 39 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 12 U2 51 PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA SN 2168-0450 J9 APPL PLANT SCI JI Appl. Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 2 IS 9 AR 1400042 DI 10.3732/apps.1400042 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AQ1SJ UT WOS:000342561000004 ER PT J AU Desprez, J Iannone, BV Yang, PL Oswalt, CM Fei, SL AF Desprez, Johanna Iannone, Basil V., III Yang, Peilin Oswalt, Christopher M. Fei, Songlin TI Northward migration under a changing climate: a case study of blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica) SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TREE; FOREST; RESPONSES; GROWTH; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; DIVERSITY; CAPACITY; PATTERNS AB Species are predicted to shift their distribution ranges in response to climate change. Region-wide, empirically-based studies, however, are still limited to support these predictions. We used a model tree species, blackgum (Nyssa sylvatica), to study climate-induced range shift. Data collected from two separate sampling periods (1980s and 2007) by the USDA's Forestry and Inventory Analysis (FIA) Program were used to investigate changes in abundance and dominance, and shifts in distribution, of blackgum in four ecoregions of the eastern United States. Our results indicated new recruitment of blackgum in the northern portion of its range, along with increases in both density and annual rates of change in importance value (IV). Conversely, declines in recruitment were found in the southern portion of blackgum's range, along with decreases in density and IV. The center portion of blackgum's range hadmixed patterns of change (i.e., both increases and decreases) throughout. A northward range expansion was also detected by comparing blackgum's historic range to where it was detected during our two more-recent sampling periods. Our findings suggest that blackgum is migrating north in response to climate change. Our study also suggests two broader implications about tree migration patterns in response to climate change: (1) species can respond to changing climate in relatively short time periods, at least for generalist species such as blackgum, and (2) climate-induced vegetation dynamic patterns can be detected at the regional level, but are inherently complex. C1 [Desprez, Johanna; Iannone, Basil V., III; Fei, Songlin] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yang, Peilin] Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Oswalt, Christopher M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Desprez, J (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM jdesprez@purdue.edu OI Fei, Songlin/0000-0003-2772-0166 NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD SEP PY 2014 VL 126 IS 1-2 BP 151 EP 162 DI 10.1007/s10584-014-1207-z PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP9VA UT WOS:000342427700012 ER PT J AU Ribaudo, M Savage, J AF Ribaudo, Marc Savage, Jeffrey TI Controlling non-additional credits from nutrient management in water quality trading programs through eligibility baseline stringency SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE Additionality; Point-nonpoint water quality trading; Baseline; Nutrient management; Moral hazard ID SOIL; POLLUTION; SCALE AB A concern for programs that offer payment for environmental services is that those services be additional. Non-additional services are those that would have been provided without the payment. One source of non-additionality is farmer misrepresentation of their pre-program management. Farm management practices are often difficult to observe, particularly those that do not involve structural changes, such as nutrient management If practices are difficult to observe, management oversight lax, and enforcement weak, the farmer has an incentive to provide biased information that increases the likelihood that he will receive a more favorable baseline for calculating services created, and a larger payment. This is a moral hazard problem. The presence of non-additional credits in a water quality trading program can result in the degradation of water quality. Point source discharges above permitted levels are replaced by equivalent reductions from unregulated nonpoint sources. If the abatement that point sources purchase from nonpoint sources is non-additional, discharges will be higher than if the abatement was truly additional. Preventing non-additional credits from entering a water quality trading market is one of the goals of program design. In this paper we assess how program eligibility baseline choice affects the incentive to misrepresent baseline nutrient management practices. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ribaudo, Marc; Savage, Jeffrey] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Ribaudo, M (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Mailstop 1800, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM mribaudo@ers.usda.gov; jsavage@ers.usda.gov NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 EI 1873-6106 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 105 BP 233 EP 239 DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2014.06.017 PG 7 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA AP7QU UT WOS:000342272600024 ER PT J AU Sloat, MR Reeves, GH AF Sloat, Matthew R. Reeves, Gordon H. TI Demographic and phenotypic responses of juvenile steelhead trout to spatial predictability of food resources SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE competition, exploitation, and interference; emigration; growth depensation; intraspecific competition; Oncorhynchus mykiss; phenotypic selection; population dynamics; regulation; spatial predictability; standard metabolic rate; steelhead trout ID ATLANTIC SALMON; METABOLIC-RATE; RAINBOW-TROUT; SOCIAL-STATUS; OTOLITH SIZE; SELECTION; GROWTH; BEHAVIOR; RATES; REGRESSION AB We manipulated food inputs among patches within experimental streams to determine how variation in foraging behavior influenced demographic and phenotypic responses of juvenile steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to the spatial predictability of food resources. Demographic responses included compensatory adjustments in fish abundance, mean fish size, and size inequality. These responses paralleled shifts in individual foraging behavior, which increased the strength of exploitative competition relative to interference competition in streams with lower spatial predictability of food resources. Variation in the spatial predictability of food resources also favored different physiological phenotypes, as inferred from selection on an index of standard metabolic rate (SMR) based on fish otolith size. We observed positive directional selection on SMR in streams with spatially predictable food resources, disruptive selection for SMR at intermediate levels of spatial predictability, and negative directional selection for SMR in streams with the lowest level of spatial predictability of food resources. Thus, variation in the spatial predictability of food resources resulted in changes in individual behavior and modes of population regulation, and produced physiologically divergent cohorts of stream salmonids. C1 [Sloat, Matthew R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Reeves, Gordon H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Sloat, MR (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM matthew.sloat@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Pacific Northwest Research Station; Oregon American Fisheries Society Carl Bond Memorial Scholarship FX We thank Ryan Couture and staff at the Oregon Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Alsea River Hatchery for help in obtaining fish. Brian Nielsen, India Sloat, and Mike Reeves assisted with the experiment. Early versions of the manuscript benefited from comments by Jason Dunham, David Noakes, Michael Blouin, and Stephanie Carlson. Neil Metcalfe and an anonymous reviewer provided additional helpful comments. Kathryn Ronnenberg provided valuable graphical and editorial assistance. Funding for this work was provided by the USDA Pacific Northwest Research Station and the Oregon American Fisheries Society Carl Bond Memorial Scholarship. The use of animals in this experiment was conducted under Oregon State University Animal Care and Use Permits #3923 and #4019. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 35 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD SEP PY 2014 VL 95 IS 9 BP 2423 EP 2433 PG 11 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AP8PF UT WOS:000342340200006 ER PT J AU Xie, WG Bushman, BS Ma, YM West, MS Robins, JG Michaels, L Jensen, KB Zhang, XQ Casler, MD Stratton, SD AF Xie, Wengang Bushman, B. Shaun Ma, Yingmei West, Mark S. Robins, Joseph G. Michaels, Lisa Jensen, Kevin B. Zhang, Xinquan Casler, Michael D. Stratton, Samuel D. TI Genetic diversity and variation in North American orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) cultivars and breeding lines SO GRASSLAND SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cultivar; genetic structure; orchardgrass; simple sequence repeat ID DRY-MATTER YIELD; SIMILARITY INDEX; LOLIUM-PERENNE; HEADING DATE; MARKERS; POPULATIONS; GERMPLASM; PROGRESS; INDIVIDUALS; MANAGEMENT AB Orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) is a high quality forage grass naturalized to temperate climates. Used extensively in hay and grazing agriculture, hundreds of orchardgrass cultivars have been released over the past 50 years. However, progress in yield and other agronomic characteristics in orchardgrass cultivars has occurred slowly and often inconsistently. One cause of the slow progress could be a lack of genetic diversity among orchardgrass cultivars, or an over-abundance of diversity within cultivars. With an emphasis on North American cultivars, this study assessed the genetic diversity within and among 52 orchardgrass cultivars, breeding lines and accessions. Genetic similarity within cultivars ranged from 52 to 71%, similar to values from wild-land, unselected accessions. Populations from Wisconsin and Missouri breeding efforts that resulted from two cycles of genotypic recurrent selection were included as checks. Neither group of selection populations exhibited more within-population similarity compared to the wild-land accessions (ecotypes) and cultivars. Genetic differentiation was detected only for the selection populations and several cultivars and breeding lines that had a tendency to originate from eastern Asian germplasm and have late flowering times. These results indicated an abundance of genetic variation within the orchardgrass cultivars, but a paucity of genetic differentiation among cultivars. C1 [Xie, Wengang; Bushman, B. Shaun; Ma, Yingmei; Robins, Joseph G.; Michaels, Lisa; Jensen, Kevin B.] ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [West, Mark S.] ARS, USDA, Northern Plains Area, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Zhang, Xinquan] Sichuan Agr Univ, Dept Grassland Sci, Yaan, Peoples R China. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA, Dairy Forage & Aquaculture Res Unit, Madison, WI USA. [Stratton, Samuel D.] FFR Cooperat, Lafayette, IN USA. RP Bushman, BS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 N 1100 E, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM shaun.bushman@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1744-6961 EI 1744-697X J9 GRASSL SCI JI Grassl. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 60 IS 3 BP 185 EP 193 DI 10.1111/grs.12058 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AQ2MM UT WOS:000342620600007 ER PT J AU Whigham, LD Butz, DE Johnson, LK Schoeller, DA Abbott, DH Porter, WP Cook, ME AF Whigham, L. D. Butz, D. E. Johnson, L. K. Schoeller, D. A. Abbott, D. H. Porter, W. P. Cook, M. E. TI Breath carbon stable isotope ratios identify changes in energy balance and substrate utilization in humans SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Article DE caloric restriction; cavity ring-down spectroscopy; stable isotope; weight loss ID C-13; EXPENDITURE; ABUNDANCE; CO2 AB Rapid detection of shifts in substrate utilization and energy balance would provide a compelling biofeedback tool for individuals attempting weight loss. As a proof of concept, we tested whether the natural abundance of exhaled carbon stable isotope ratios (breath delta C-13) reflects shifts between negative and positive energy balance. Volunteers (n = 5) consumed a 40% energy-restricted diet for 6 days followed by 50% excess on day 7. Breath was sampled immediately before and 1 h and 2 h after breakfast, lunch and dinner. Exhaled breath delta C-13 values were measured by cavity ring-down spectroscopy. Using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's contrasts, pre-breakfast breath values on days 2-6 were compared with day 1, and postprandial day 7 time points were compared with pre-breakfast day 7. Energy restriction diminished pre-breakfast breath delta C-13 by day 3 (P<0.05). On day 7, increased energy intake was first detected immediately before dinner (-23.8 +/- 0.6 vs -21.9 +/- 0.7 parts per thousand, P = 0.002 (means +/- s.d.)), and breath delta C-13 remained elevated at least 2 h post dinner. In conclusion, when shifting between negative and positive energy balance, breath delta C-13 showed anticipated isotopic changes. Although additional research is needed to determine specificity and repeatability, this method may provide a biomarker for marked increases in caloric intake. C1 [Whigham, L. D.] USDA ARS, Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Whigham, L. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Whigham, L. D.] Paso del Norte Inst Hlth Living, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Butz, D. E.; Cook, M. E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Johnson, L. K.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Schoeller, D. A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Abbott, D. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Ob Gyn, Madison, WI USA. [Abbott, D. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Natl Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Porter, W. P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Whigham, LD (reprint author), Paso del Norte Inst Hlth Living, 500 W Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM ldwhigham@utep.edu OI Whigham, Leah/0000-0002-5376-8967 FU USDA Hatch grant at the University of Wisconsin-Madison FX We wish to thank Reema Kaloti and Tim Shriver for dietary analysis, and Clint Hall for assistance with manuscript preparation. This study was supported in part by a USDA Hatch grant at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0307-0565 EI 1476-5497 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 38 IS 9 BP 1248 EP 1250 DI 10.1038/ijo.2014.7 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AP8VQ UT WOS:000342357800016 PM 24441037 ER PT J AU Li, J Coates, BS Kim, KS Bourguet, D Ponsard, S He, KL Wang, ZY AF Li, Jing Coates, Brad S. Kim, Kyung Seok Bourguet, Denis Ponsard, Sergine He, Kanglai Wang, Zhenying TI The Genetic Structure of Asian Corn Borer, Ostrinia furnacalis, Populations in China: Haplotype Variance in Northern Populations and Potential Impact on Management of Resistance to Transgenic Maize SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE gene flow; genetic differentiation; microsatellite; mitochondrial haplotype; Ostrinia furnacalis ID MICROSATELLITE NULL ALLELES; FIELD-EVOLVED RESISTANCE; SYMPATRIC HOST RACES; LEPIDOPTERA CRAMBIDAE; BT MAIZE; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; FRENCH POPULATIONS; DNA POLYMORPHISM; CRY1AB TOXIN; NUBILALIS AB Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenee), is a severe pest that infests cultivated maize in the major production regions of China. Populations show genotype-by-environment variation in voltinism, such that populations with a single generation (univoltine) are fixed in Northern China where growing seasons are short. Low genetic differentiation was found among samples from 33 collection sites across China and one site from North Korea (n = 1673) using variation at 6 nuclear microsatellite loci (ENA corrected global F-ST = 0.020; P value < 0.05). Analysis of molecular variance indicated that geographic region, number of generations or voltinism accounted for < 0.38% of the total genetic variation at nuclear loci and was corroborated by clustering of co-ancestries among genotypes using the program STRUCTURE. In contrast, a mitochondrial haplotype network identified 4 distinct clusters, where 70.5% of samples from univoltine populations were within a single group. Univoltine populations were also placed into a unique cluster using Population Graph and Principal component analyses, which showed significant differentiation with multivoltine populations (phi(ST) = 0.400; P value < 0.01). This study suggests that gene flow among O. furnacalis in China may be high among regions, with the exception of northeastern localities. Haplotype variation may be due to random genetic drift resulting from partial reproductive isolation between univoltine and multivoltine O. furnacalis populations. Such reproductive isolation might impact the potential spread of alleles that confer resistance to transgenic maize in China. C1 [Li, Jing; He, Kanglai; Wang, Zhenying] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Li, Jing] Xian Univ Arts & Sci, Sch Biol Technol, Xian, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. [Coates, Brad S.; Kim, Kyung Seok] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr, ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, Ames, IA USA. [Bourguet, Denis] Montpellier SupAgro, CBGP, CIRAD, UMR INRA,IRD, Montferrier Sur Lez, France. [Ponsard, Sergine] Univ Toulouse 3, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, ENFA, EDB Lab Evolut & Divers Biol,UMR5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France. [Ponsard, Sergine] Univ Toulouse 3, EDB, Ctr Natl Rech Sci, UMR5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France. RP Wang, ZY (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, 2 West Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM zywang@ippcaas.cn FU National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2013ZX08011-003]; Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest [201303026]; project BIOCOSMAC [ANR- 08-STRA-05-02] FX National Science and Technology Major Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2013ZX08011-003); Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest grants (201303026); project BIOCOSMAC (ANR- 08-STRA-05-02). NR 100 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 41 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 105 IS 5 BP 642 EP 655 DI 10.1093/jhered/esu036 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6XS UT WOS:000342222500005 PM 25024271 ER PT J AU Raboy, V Cichy, K Peterson, K Reichman, S Sompong, U Srinives, P Saneoka, H AF Raboy, Victor Cichy, Karen Peterson, Kevin Reichman, Sarah Sompong, Utumporn Srinives, Peerasak Saneoka, Hirofumi TI Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Low Phytic Acid 1-1: An Endosperm-Specific, Filial Determinant of Seed Total Phosphorus SO JOURNAL OF HEREDITY LA English DT Article DE inositol hexaphosphate; seed total P genetics ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; PHYTATE; PHOSPHATE; MUTATIONS; GRAIN; BIOFORTIFICATION; GENERATION; TRAITS; MUTANT; LINES AB Inositol hexaphosphate (Ins P-6 or "phytic acid") typically accounts for 75 (+/- 10%) of seed total phosphorus (P). In some cases, genetic blocks in seed Ins P-6 accumulation can also alter the distribution or total amount of seed P. In nonmutant barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) caryopses, similar to 80% of Ins P-6 and total P accumulate in the aleurone layer, the outer layer of the endosperm, with the remainder in the germ. In barley low phytic acid 1-1 (Hvlpa1-1) seed, both endosperm Ins P-6 and total P are reduced (similar to 45% and similar to 25%, respectively), but germs are phenotypically wild type. This translates into a net reduction in whole-seed total P of similar to 15%. Nutrient culture studies demonstrate that the reduction in endosperm total P is not due to a reduction in the uptake of P into the maternal plant. Genetic tests (analyses of testcross and F-2 seed) reveal that the Hvlpa1-1 genotype of the filial seed conditions the seed total P reduction; sibling seed in the same head of barley that differ in their Hvlpa1-1 genotype (heterozygous vs. homozygous recessive) differ in their total P (normal vs. reduced, respectively). Therefore, Hvlpa1 functions as a seed-specific or filial determinant of barley endosperm total P. C1 [Raboy, Victor; Cichy, Karen; Peterson, Kevin; Reichman, Sarah] ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Sompong, Utumporn; Srinives, Peerasak] Kasetsart Univ, Dept Agron, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. [Saneoka, Hirofumi] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Biosphere Sci, Higashihiroshima 724, Japan. RP Raboy, V (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Small Grains & Potato Res Unit, 1691 South 2700 West, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM victor.raboy@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [5366-21000-030-00D]; Thailand Research Fund's Royal Golden Jubilee PhD Program; Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) FX United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service project number (5366-21000-030-00D); Thailand Research Fund's Royal Golden Jubilee PhD Program (to U. S.); Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS; to H.S.). NR 33 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1503 EI 1465-7333 J9 J HERED JI J. Hered. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 105 IS 5 BP 656 EP 665 DI 10.1093/jhered/esu044 PG 10 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AP6XS UT WOS:000342222500006 PM 25080466 ER PT J AU Harris-Shultz, KR Milla-Lewis, S Patton, AJ Kenworthy, K Chandra, A Waltz, FC Hodnett, GL Stelly, DM AF Harris-Shultz, Karen R. Milla-Lewis, Susana Patton, Aaron J. Kenworthy, Kevin Chandra, Ambika Waltz, F. Clint Hodnett, George L. Stelly, David M. TI Detection of DNA and Ploidy Variation within Vegetatively Propagated Zoysiagrass Cultivars SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE flow cytometry; octoploid; simple sequence repeat markers; Zoysia ID SEQUENCE REPEAT MARKERS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; GENETIC-VARIATION; CYNODON SPP.; BERMUDAGRASS; IDENTIFICATION; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; SSR AB Zoysiagrass (Zoysia sp.) is used as a warm-season turfgrass for lawns, parks, and golf courses in the warm, humid and transitional climatic regions of the United States. Zoysiagrass is an allotetraploid species (2n = 4x = 40) and some cultivars are known to easily self- and cross-pollinate. Previous studies showed that genetic variability in the clonal cultivars Emerald and Diamond was likely the result of contamination (seed production or mechanical transfer) or mislabeling. To determine the extent of genetic variability of vegetatively propagated zoysiagrass cultivars, samples were collected from six commercially available zoysiagrass cultivars (Diamond, Emerald, Empire, JaMur, Meyer, Zeon) from five states (Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, Texas). Two of the newest cultivar releases (Geo and Atlantic) were to serve as outgroups. Where available, one sample from university research plots and two samples from sod farms were collected for each cultivar per state. Forty zoysiagrass simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers and flow cytometry were used to compare genetic and ploidy variation of each collected sample to a reference sample. Seventy-five samples were genotyped and an unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering revealed four groups. Group I (Z. japonica) included samples of 'Meyer' and Empire11 ('Empire' sample at location #11), Group II (Z. japonica x Z. pacifica) included samples of 'Emerald' and 'Geo', Group Pa (Z. matrella) included samples of 'Diamond' and 'Zeon', and Group IV (Z. japonica) consisted of samples from 'Empire', 'JaMur', 'Atlantic', and Meyer3 ('Meyer' at sample location #3). Samples of 'Empire', 'Atlantic', and 'JaMur' were indistinguishable with the markers used. Four samples were found to have alleles different from the respective reference cultivar, including two samples of 'Meyer', one sample of 'Empire', and one sample of 'Emerald'. Three of these samples were from Texas and one of these samples was from Florida. Three of the four samples that were different from the reference cultivar were university samples. In addition, one sample, Empire11, was found to be an octoploid (2n = 8x = 80). For those samples that had a fingerprint different from the reference cultivar, contamination, selfing, and/or hybridization with other zoysiagrasses may have occurred. C1 [Harris-Shultz, Karen R.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Milla-Lewis, Susana] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Patton, Aaron J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kenworthy, Kevin] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chandra, Ambika] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas AgriLife Res & Extens Ctr, Dallas, TX 75252 USA. [Waltz, F. Clint] Univ Georgia, Georgia Expt Stn, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Hodnett, George L.; Stelly, David M.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Harris-Shultz, KR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, 115 Coastal Way, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Karen.Harris@ars.usda.gov RI Patton, Aaron/B-8002-2013; OI Patton, Aaron/0000-0003-3870-7709; Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119 NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 139 IS 5 BP 547 EP 552 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AP8MK UT WOS:000342332900005 ER PT J AU Damon, SJ Havey, MJ AF Damon, Steven J. Havey, Michael J. TI Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Amounts and Types of Epicuticular Waxes in Onion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fatty alcohols; insect resistance; ketones ID THRIPS THYSANOPTERA THRIPIDAE; YELLOW-SPOT-VIRUS; CUTICULAR WAX; PLANT-RESISTANCE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ARABIDOPSIS; INSECTICIDES; CULTIVARS; REDUCTASE; INSECTS AB Natural variation exists in onion (A Ilium cepa L.) for amounts and types of epicuticular waxes on leaves. Wild-type waxy onion possesses copious amounts of these waxes, whereas the foliage of semiglossy and glossy phenotypes accumulates significantly less wax. Reduced amounts of epicuticular waxes have been associated with resistance to onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman), an important insect pest of onion. A segregating family from the cross of waxy and semiglossy onions was used to map single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and identify chromosome regions affecting amounts and types of epicuticular waxes as measured by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. The amount of the primary epicuticular wax on onion leaves, hentriacontanone-16, was controlled by one region on chromosome 5. One region on chromosome 2 affected concentrations of several primary fatty alcohols. Results indicate that the region on chromosome 2 may be associated with the acyl reduction pathway, and the region on chromosome 5 may affect the decarbonylation pathway of epicuticular wax biosynthesis. Because lower amounts of epicuticular waxes are recessively inherited, SNPs tagging regions on chromosomes 2 and 5 will be useful for marker-assisted breeding to vary amounts and types of epicuticular waxes on onion foliage with the goal to develop cultivars resistant to onion thrips. C1 [Damon, Steven J.; Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Havey, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, USDA, ARS, Vegetable Crops Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu FU USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative [2008-51180-04875] FX We gratefully acknowledge grant number 2008-51180-04875 from the USDA Specialty Crops Research Initiative, a Monsanto Graduate Fellowship to S.J.D., and the gift of 'DehyA' by Olam International, Hanford, CA. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 139 IS 5 BP 597 EP 602 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA AP8MK UT WOS:000342332900011 ER PT J AU Franzluebbers, AJ Lemaire, G Carvalho, PCD Sulc, RM Dedieu, B AF Franzluebbers, Alan J. Lemaire, Gilles de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar Sulc, R. Mark Dedieu, Benoit TI Toward agricultural sustainability through integrated crop-livestock systems. III. Social aspects SO RENEWABLE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SYSTEMS LA English DT Article C1 [Franzluebbers, Alan J.] ARS, USDA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lemaire, Gilles] INRA, Unite Pluridisciplinaire Prairies & Plantes Fourr, F-86600 Lusignan, France. [de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, BR-91540000 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Sulc, R. Mark] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Dedieu, Benoit] INRA Sci Act & Dev, F-63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. RP Franzluebbers, AJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCSU Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alan.franzluebbers@ars.usda.gov RI Sulc, Reuben/N-3710-2016; OI Sulc, Reuben/0000-0003-2616-3492; de Faccio Carvalho, Paulo Cesar/0000-0002-7020-3001 FU Ministry of Education; Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply; Government of Brazil; Rio Grande Institute of Rice; Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness; Program to Compete Together; FARSUL; SENAR; SEBRAE; CAPES; CNPq; Agrisus; FAO; USDA-Agricultural Research Service; CIRAD; MARFRIG; INRA; Federal University of Parana; Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul FX We thank the sponsors of the 2nd International Symposium on Integrated Crop-Livestock Systems: Ministry of Education (http://www.mec.gov.br/), Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Food Supply (http://www.agricultura.gov.br/), Government of Brazil (http://www.brasil.gov.br/), Rio Grande Institute of Rice (http://www.irga.rs.gov.br/), Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock and Agribusiness (http://www.agricultura.rs.gov.br/), Program to Compete Together (Juntos Para Competir), FARSUL (http://www.farsul.org.br/), SENAR (http://www.canaldoprodutor.com.br/internacional/senar), SEBRAE (http://www.sebrae.com.br/), CAPES (http://www.capes.gov.br/), CNPq (http://www.cnpq.br/), Agrisus (http://www.agrisus.org.br/), FAO (http://www.fao.org/), USDA-Agricultural Research Service (http://www.ars.usda.gov/), CIRAD (http://www.cirad.fr/), MARFRIG (http://www.marfrig.com.br/), INRA (http://www.inra.fr/), Federal University of Parana (http://www.ufpr.br/) and Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (http://www.ufrgs.br/). NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 28 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1742-1705 EI 1742-1713 J9 RENEW AGR FOOD SYST JI Renew. Agr. Food Syst. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 29 IS 3 BP 192 EP 194 DI 10.1017/S174217051400012X PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA AP8RA UT WOS:000342345300002 ER PT J AU Rao, RSP Thelen, JJ Miernyk, JA AF Rao, R. Shyama Prasad Thelen, Jay J. Miernyk, Jan A. TI Is Lys-N-epsilon-acetylation the next big thing in post-translational modifications? SO TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material DE acetylome; acetyltransferase; posttranslational modification; regulation; signaling ID PROTEIN; ACETYLTRANSFERASE; PHOSPHORYLATION; ARABIDOPSIS; SPECIFICITY; WIDESPREAD; METABOLISM; ACETYLOME AB Lys-N-epsilon-acetylation (PKA) has recently ascended from a post-translational modification (PTM) of limited distribution to one approaching the abundance of O-phosphorylation. Thousands of KAC proteins have been identified in Archaea, bacteria, and Eukarya, and the KAC system of acetyltransferases, deacetylases, and binding proteins is superficially comparable with the kinases, phosphatases, and phospho- (P-)protein binding-proteins of O-phosphorylation. Herein, we describe recent results and compare several aspects of these two major systems of PTM in plants. C1 [Rao, R. Shyama Prasad; Thelen, Jay J.; Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Div Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rao, R. Shyama Prasad; Thelen, Jay J.; Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Interdisciplinary Plant Grp, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Miernyk, Jan A.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Miernyk, JA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Div Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Jan.Miernyk@ars.usda.gov RI Rao, R Shyama Prasad/E-5434-2011 OI Rao, R Shyama Prasad/0000-0002-2285-6788 NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1360-1385 J9 TRENDS PLANT SCI JI Trends Plant Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 19 IS 9 BP 550 EP 553 DI 10.1016/j.tplants.2014.05.001 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AP7PR UT WOS:000342269700002 PM 24866592 ER PT J AU Todd, JE Ploeg, MV AF Todd, Jessica E. Ploeg, Michele Ver TI Caloric Beverage Intake Among Adult Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Participants SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; FOOD-INTAKE; CONSUMPTION; HEALTH; TAXES; POLICY; CARBOHYDRATE; PATTERNS; LIQUID AB Objectives. We compared sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB), alcohol, and other caloric beverage (juice and milk) consumption of Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants with that of low-income nonparticipants. Methods. We used 1 day of dietary intake data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for 4594 adults aged 20 years and older with household income at or below 250% of the federal poverty line. We used bivariate and multivariate methods to compare the probability of consuming and the amount of calories consumed for each beverage type across 3 groups: current SNAP participants, former participants, and nonparticipants. We used instrumental variablemethods to control for unobservable differences in participant groups. Results. After controlling for observable characteristics, SNAP participants were no more likely to consume SSBs than were nonparticipants. Instrumental variable estimates showed that current participants consumed fewer calories from SSBs than did similar nonparticipants. We found no differences in alcoholic beverage consumption, which cannot be purchased with SNAP benefits. Conclusions. SNAP participants are not unique in their consumption of SSBs or alcoholic beverages. Purchase restrictions may have little effect on SSB consumption. C1 [Todd, Jessica E.; Ploeg, Michele Ver] Econ Res Serv, Food Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Todd, JE (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 355 E St SW, Washington, DC 20024 USA. EM jtodd@ers.usda.gov; sverploeg@ers.usda.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD SEP PY 2014 VL 104 IS 9 BP E80 EP E85 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301970 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP1XB UT WOS:000341864400013 PM 25033141 ER PT J AU Quito-Avila, DF Ibarra, MA Alvarez, R Peralta, EL Martin, RR AF Quito-Avila, D. F. Ibarra, M. A. Alvarez, R. Peralta, E. L. Martin, R. R. TI A raspberry bushy dwarf virus isolate from Ecuadorean Rubus glaucus contains an additional RNA that is a rearrangement of RNA-2 SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB Sequencing of the complete genome of a raspberry bushy dwarf virus isolate from Rubus glaucus in Ecuador revealed that its RNA-1 and RNA-2 were 5449 and 2231 nucleotides (nt) long, respectively, and phylogenetically closest to isolates from Sweden and Slovenia. In dsRNA analysis of infected plants, an additional band of 3 kbp was observed. Sequencing of this band revealed that it was 3279 nt long. BLAST searches revealed that this band contained a modified version of RNA-2, which consisted of RNA-2 (2231 nt) plus an additional 1048-nt fragment that was concatenated in a reverse-complement fashion to its 5' terminus. C1 [Quito-Avila, D. F.; Ibarra, M. A.; Alvarez, R.; Peralta, E. L.] Escuela Super Politecn Litoral CIBE ESPOL, Ctr Invest Biotecnol Ecuador, Guayaquil, Ecuador. [Martin, R. R.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Quito-Avila, DF (reprint author), Escuela Super Politecn Litoral CIBE ESPOL, Ctr Invest Biotecnol Ecuador, Km 30-5 Via Perimetral Campus Gustavo Galindo, Guayaquil, Ecuador. EM diego.quito.avila@gmail.com FU Ecuadorean Science and Technology Secretariat (SENESCYT) through the PROMETEO program FX This research was supported in part by the Ecuadorean Science and Technology Secretariat (SENESCYT) through the PROMETEO program. The authors also thank blackberry growers in Paute-Azuay and Tisaleo-Tungurahua for granting us access to their fields. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 9 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 159 IS 9 BP 2519 EP 2521 DI 10.1007/s00705-014-2069-4 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA AP4WI UT WOS:000342079800039 PM 24719196 ER PT J AU Greenlee, JJ Smith, JD Nicholson, EM Greenlee, MHW AF Greenlee, J. J. Smith, J. D. Nicholson, E. M. Greenlee, M. H. W. TI E211K bovine spongiform encephalopathy: animal model for human E200K Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease SO BRAIN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th International Congress of Neuropathology CY SEP 14-18, 2014 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL C1 [Greenlee, J. J.; Smith, J. D.; Nicholson, E. M.] ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Greenlee, M. H. W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ames, IA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1015-6305 EI 1750-3639 J9 BRAIN PATHOL JI Brain Pathol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 24 SU 1 SI SI MA P24-04 BP 80 EP 80 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA AP6CT UT WOS:000342165800289 ER PT J AU Martin, JA Mullen, CA Boateng, AA AF Martin, Jonathan A. Mullen, Charles A. Boateng, Akwasi A. TI Maximizing the Stability of Pyrolysis Oil/Diesel Fuel Emulsions SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID BIO-OIL; DIESEL-ENGINES; GAS-TURBINE; BIOMASS; COMBUSTION; LIQUID; PERFORMANCE; HYDROLYSIS; ETHANOL AB Several emulsions consisting of biomass pyrolysis oil (bio-oil) in diesel fuel were produced and analyzed for stability over time. An ultrasonic probe was used to generate microscopic droplets of bio-oil suspended in diesel fuel, and this emulsion was stabilized using surfactant chemicals. The most stable emulsion was produced using a polyethylene glycol dipolyhydroxystearate (PEG-DPHS) surfactant, with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) number of 4.75 and a 32:8:1 ratio of diesel to bio-oil to surfactant, i.e., 20% utilization of bio-oil. This emulsion consisted of uniformly sized droplets with an average diameter of 0.48 mu m, with no observed coalescence of droplets after 1 week. If left undisturbed, these droplets would slowly settle to the bottom of the mixture at a rate of only 2.4 mm/day, but this settling can be eliminated with slight mechanical agitation. This level of stability facilitates utilization of 20 wt 96 raw bio-oil in diesel as a renewable liquid fuel for spray combustion without the need for costly and energy-intensive upgrading. Additionally, GC/MS analysis was used to investigate the relative concentrations of various bio-oil components in the emulsions. This analysis identified levoglucosan as a bio-oil component that may be responsible for the instability of the emulsions. Experiments with bio-oil produced by catalytic fast pyrolysis over HZSM-5 (CFP oil) revealed that the major components of this oil are directly miscible with diesel fuel without the need for an emulsion. C1 [Martin, Jonathan A.; Mullen, Charles A.; Boateng, Akwasi A.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Boateng, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 East Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM akwasi.boateng@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-BRDI [2012-10008-20271] FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Daniel Solaiman for the use of the ultrasonic probe, Mr. Joseph Uknalis for assistance with the microscope and droplet size analysis, and Mark Schaffer and Frank Lujaji for assistance with the emulsion preparation and analysis. USDA-NIFA-BRDI grant 2012-10008-20271 is hereby acknowledged. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 EI 1520-5029 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD SEP PY 2014 VL 28 IS 9 BP 5918 EP 5929 DI 10.1021/ef5015583 PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA AP5KN UT WOS:000342118200039 ER PT J AU O'Donnell, KM Thompson, FR Semlitsch, RD AF O'Donnell, Katherine M. Thompson, Frank R., III Semlitsch, Raymond D. TI PREDICTING VARIATION IN MICROHABITAT UTILIZATION OF TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS SO HERPETOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Coarse woody debris; Detectability; Interannual variation; Leaf litter; Plethodon serratus; Southern Red-backed Salamander ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN SALAMANDERS; PLETHODONTID SALAMANDERS; FOREST; POPULATIONS; MISSOURI; CINEREUS; ECOLOGY; COMPETITION; RESOURCE; SIZE AB Understanding patterns of microhabitat use among terrestrial salamanders is important for predicting their responses to natural and anthropogenic disturbances. The dependence of terrestrial salamanders on cutaneous respiration limits their spatial distribution to moist, humid areas. Although many studies have shown negative effects of canopy removal on terrestrial salamander abundance, some have shown potential ameliorating effects of retaining coarse woody debris (CWD) as moist refugia (critical resources in the landscape). Because cover objects like CWD retain moisture longer than fine debris, terrestrial salamanders are often more locally abundant in areas of dense cover. Temporally variable environmental conditions could affect microhabitat quality and influence the fine-scale spatial distributions of salamanders. Spatial and temporal variability in microhabitat use greatly influence individual detectability, which is always a challenge for terrestrial salamanders. We conducted repeated area-constrained surveys to examine variation in salamander microhabitat use of terrestrial salamanders in relation to season, year, and weather conditions. We found that time since rain (TSR) was the best predictor of relative salamander microhabitat use, but the strength of this relationship varied among years. In addition, TSR was also the best predictor of salamander surface activity. We captured most salamanders within leaf litter, but the proportion of leaf litter captures varied with TSR. Our results illustrate the importance of accounting for variable detectability when sampling for terrestrial salamanders. Disturbances which affect leaf litter depth and decomposition rates could influence the availability and quality of microhabitats and potentially increase competition among individuals for natural cover objects. C1 [O'Donnell, Katherine M.; Semlitsch, Raymond D.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP O'Donnell, KM (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, 105 Tucker Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM odonnell.katie.m@gmail.com OI Semlitsch, Raymond/0000-0002-7999-5762 FU US Forest Service [10-JV-11242311-061]; Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) fellowship FX We thank D. Drake, A. Senters, A. Milo, J. Philbrick, B. Ousterhout, M. Osbourn, G. Connette, and K. Connette for field assistance and J. Kabrick and T. Nall for logistical support. G. Connette and T. Anderson provided statistical guidance and they, along with two referees, provided helpful comments that improved this manuscript. Funding was provided by US Forest Service Cooperative Agreement 10-JV-11242311-061; KMO was funded by a Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) fellowship. Sampling and procedures were approved by the Missouri Department of Conservation and the University of Missouri Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol no. 7403). NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 33 PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE PI EMPORIA PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST, EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA SN 0018-0831 EI 1938-5099 J9 HERPETOLOGICA JI Herpetologica PD SEP PY 2014 VL 70 IS 3 BP 259 EP 265 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA AP1HG UT WOS:000341818300001 ER PT J AU Kim, WH Jeong, J Park, AR Yim, D Kim, S Chang, HH Yang, SH Kim, DH Lillehoj, HS Min, W AF Kim, Woo H. Jeong, Jipseol Park, Ae R. Yim, Dongjean Kim, Suk Chang, Hong H. Yang, Seung-Hak Kim, Dong-Hee Lillehoj, Hyun S. Min, Wongi TI Downregulation of Chicken Interleukin-17 Receptor A during Eimeria Infection SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ENTERICA SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII INFECTION; IL-17 FAMILY CYTOKINES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; GENE-EXPRESSION; HOST IMMUNITY; INFLAMMATION; CLONING; CELLS; PROTEIN AB Both interleukin-17A (IL-17A) and IL-17F are proinflammatory cytokines that have an important role in intestinal homeostasis via receptor signaling. These cytokines have been characterized in chickens, but very little is known about their receptors and their functional activity. We provide here the first description of the sequence analysis, bioactivity, and comparative expression analysis of chicken IL-17RA (chIL-17RA) in chickens infected with Salmonella and Eimeria, two major infectious agents of gastrointestinal diseases of poultry of economic importance. A full-length chIL-17RA cDNA with a 2,568-bp coding region was identified from chicken thymus cDNA. chIL-17RA shares ca. 46% identity with mammalian homologues and 29.2 to 31.5% identity with its piscine counterparts. chIL-17RA transcript expression was relatively high in the thymus and in the chicken macrophage cell line HD11. The chIL-17RA-specific small interfering RNA inhibits interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and IL-1 alpha mRNA expression in chicken embryo fibroblast cells (but not in DF-1 cells) stimulated with chIL-17A or chIL-17F. Interaction between chIL-17RA and chIL-17A was confirmed by coimmunoprecipitation. Downregulation of chIL-17RA occurred in concanavalin A- or lipopolysaccharide-activated splenic lymphocytes but not in poly(I.C)-activated splenic lymphocytes. In Salmonella- and Eimeria-infected chickens, the expression levels of the chIL-17RA transcript were downregulated in intestinal tissues from chickens infected with two Eimeria species, E. tenella or E. maxima, that preferentially infect the cecum and jejunum, respectively. However, chIL-17RA expression was generally unchanged in Salmonella infection. These results suggest that chIL-17RA has an important role in mucosal immunity to intestinal intracellular parasite infections such as Eimeria infection. C1 [Kim, Woo H.; Jeong, Jipseol; Park, Ae R.; Yim, Dongjean; Kim, Suk; Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju, South Korea. [Kim, Woo H.; Jeong, Jipseol; Park, Ae R.; Yim, Dongjean; Kim, Suk; Min, Wongi] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Inst Anim Med, Jinju, South Korea. [Chang, Hong H.] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Agr, Dept Anim Sci, Jinju, South Korea. [Yang, Seung-Hak] RDA, Natl Inst Anim Sci, Anim Environm Div, Gyeonggi, South Korea. [Kim, Dong-Hee] Gyeongsang Natl Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Jinju, South Korea. [Lillehoj, Hyun S.] USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Min, W (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju, South Korea. EM wongimin@gnu.ac.kr OI Min, Wongi/0000-0003-2437-7366 FU Basic Science Research Program [NRF-2013R1A1A4A01006646]; Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development, RDA, Republic of Korea [PJ008527032013] FX This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program (NRF-2013R1A1A4A01006646) and by the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development (PJ008527032013), RDA, Republic of Korea. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 82 IS 9 BP 3845 EP 3854 DI 10.1128/IAI.02141-14 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AP2VB UT WOS:000341932700033 PM 24980970 ER PT J AU Ramamurthy, P Bou-Zeid, E Smith, JA Wang, ZH Baeck, ML Saliendra, NZ Hom, JL Welty, C AF Ramamurthy, Prathap Bou-Zeid, Elie Smith, James A. Wang, Zhihua Baeck, Mary L. Saliendra, Nicanor Z. Hom, John L. Welty, Claire TI Influence of Subfacet Heterogeneity and Material Properties on the Urban Surface Energy Budget SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-EUROPEAN CITY; CANOPY MODEL; HEAT-ISLAND; ATMOSPHERIC MODELS; BALANCE; FLUXES; SIMULATION; SCHEME; AREAS; PARAMETERIZATION AB Urban facets-the walls, roofs, and ground in built-up terrain-are often conceptualized as homogeneous surfaces, despite the obvious variability in the composition and material properties of the urban fabric at the subfacet scale. This study focuses on understanding the influence of this subfacet heterogeneity, and the associated influence of different material properties, on the urban surface energy budget. The Princeton Urban Canopy Model, which was developed with the ability to capture subfacet variability, is evaluated at sites of various building densities and then applied to simulate the energy exchanges of each subfacet with the atmosphere over a densely built site. The analyses show that, although all impervious built surfaces convert most of the incoming energy into sensible heat rather than latent heat, sensible heat fluxes from asphalt pavements and dark rooftops are 2 times as high as those from concrete surfaces and light-colored roofs. Another important characteristic of urban areas-the shift in the peak time of sensible heat flux in comparison with rural areas-is here shown to be mainly linked to concrete's high heat storage capacity as well as to radiative trapping in the urban canyon. The results also illustrate that the vegetated pervious soil surfaces that dot the urban landscape play a dual role: during wet periods they redistribute much of the available energy into evaporative fluxes but when moisture stressed they behave more like an impervious surface. This role reversal, along with the direct evaporation of water stored over impervious surfaces, significantly reduces the overall Bowen ratio of the urban site after rain events. C1 [Ramamurthy, Prathap; Bou-Zeid, Elie; Smith, James A.; Baeck, Mary L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Wang, Zhihua] Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainable Engn & Built Environm, Tempe, AZ USA. [Saliendra, Nicanor Z.; Welty, Claire] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Ctr Urban Environm Res & Educ, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Hom, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Welty, Claire] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem Biochem & Environm Engn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Bou-Zeid, E (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E414 EQUAD, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM ebouzeid@princeton.edu FU NSF [CBET-1058027, CBET-1058038, DEB-1027188]; NOAA [NA07OAR4170518]; U.S. DOE through EEB Hub [DE-EE0004261]; Mid-Infrared Technology for Health and the Environment (MIRTHE) NSF center FX This work was supported by NSF under CBET-1058027, CBET-1058038, and DEB-1027188; by NOAA under NA07OAR4170518; by the U.S. DOE through the EEB Hub (http://www.eebhub.org,nowcbei.psu.edu) under DE-EE0004261; and by the Mid-Infrared Technology for Health and the Environment (MIRTHE) NSF center. We acknowledge the assistance of Julia Miller and Joshua Cole at UMBC/CUERE in providing the UMBC datasets. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 53 IS 9 BP 2114 EP 2129 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0286.1 PG 16 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AP3ZY UT WOS:000342017800002 ER PT J AU Liu, KS AF Liu, Keshun TI Fractionation of oats into products enriched with protein, beta-glucan, starch, or other carbohydrates SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Oats; Beta-glucan; Protein; Fractionation ID WET-MILLING PROCESS; BARLEY; EXTRACTION AB A modified wet method was developed to fractionate ground oat groats into 4 fractions enriched with beta-glucan (BG), protein, starch, and other carbohydrates (CHO), respectively. Effects of defatting oats and centrifuge force for separation were also investigated. Results show that, depending on the two factors, nutrient concentrations in the corresponding fractions ranged 28.53-44.84% (dry matter) for BG, 72.41-92.62% for protein, 79.13-81.69% for starch, and 37.47-42.16% for other CHO. Nutrient recoveries from each fraction were 39.82-51.20% for BG, 60.36-72.08% for protein, 77.04-87.25% for starch, and 24.87-29.68% for other CHO. For the protein fraction, defatting improved the protein content but did not on its recovery. For the starch fraction, the effect of defatting was just opposite, improving the starch recovery but not the starch content. Centrifuge force increased the BG content in the BG fraction when the defatted sample was used. The cumulative recovery of each component in the combined fractions was not affected by oil removal or centrifuge force. Overall, the wet method described was relatively effective in recovering the major nutrients from oats into their respective fractions, while it alleviated the problems of viscous slurry upon mixing ground oat groats with an alkaline solvent and the difficulty of slurry separation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Liu, KS (reprint author), ARS, Grain Chem & Utilizat Lab, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM Keshunliu@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 EI 1095-9963 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 60 IS 2 BP 317 EP 322 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2014.06.002 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AO9KI UT WOS:000341674200008 ER PT J AU Sutarto, T Papanicolaou, AN Wilson, CG Langendoen, EJ AF Sutarto, Tommy Papanicolaou, A. N. (Thanos) Wilson, C. G. Langendoen, E. J. TI Stability Analysis of Semicohesive Streambanks with CONCEPTS: Coupling Field and Laboratory Investigations to Quantify the Onset of Fluvial Erosion and Mass Failure SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Bank erosion; Fluvial erosion; Mass failure; Mechanical strength; Erosional strength; Soil heterogeneity; Conduit flume; Gamma radiation; Factor of safety; CONCEPTS model ID IN-SITU MEASUREMENT; COHESIVE SEDIMENTS; INCISED STREAMS; BANK EROSION; SOIL-EROSION; MODEL; FLOW; EVOLUTION; VEGETATION; STRENGTH AB The overarching goal of this study is to perform a comprehensive bank stability analysis that is phenomenologically sound by considering both mass failure and fluvial erosion. The nature of this study is twofold. First, field and experimental analyses are conducted to generate data for channel cross-section properties, soil index properties, and mechanical and erosional strengths at two sites in a representative, midsize, midwestern stream in southeastern Iowa that is subjected to frequent flash floods and characterized by active fluvial erosion and cantilever failure. Second, the channel surveys and data obtained from the field and laboratory analyses are used as input parameters for an established one-dimensional, channel evolution model, namely, the conservational channel evolution and pollutant transport system (CONCEPTS, version 2.0, Langendoen and Alonso 2008), to estimate the factor of safety for mass failure (FSm) and fluvial erosion (FSf) and simulate the bank retreat as a result of either fluvial erosion or mass failure or the interaction between the two modes of erosion. In CONCEPTS, a bank profile can be divided into several layers, allowing the user to account for heterogeneity in soil properties. The results show that estimation of FSm must be complemented with the estimation of FSf for not underestimating mass failure. Otherwise, based on mass failure criteria alone, the stability analysis fails to consider the potential for the interconnection between bank toe undercutting and planar failure and may lead to the underestimation of mass failure over time. Second, bank soil heterogeneity plays an important role in bank stability analysis. The variability of mechanical and erosional strengths shown in this study, along the downslope of the banks, highlight the need to acquire both mechanical and erosional strengths for the three layers along a bank profile (crest, midbank, and toe) to improve the commonly adopted protocols that typically assume homogeneous, well-compacted soils along a bank profile. The predicted bank profile obtained from the model compares favorably with cross-sectional measurements obtained for a period of two hydrological cycles. (C) 2014 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Sutarto, Tommy; Wilson, C. G.] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, C Maxwell Stanley Hydraul Lab 100, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Papanicolaou, A. N. (Thanos); Wilson, C. G.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Papanicolaou, A. N. (Thanos)] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, C Maxwell Stanley Hydraul Lab 100, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Langendoen, E. J.] ARS, USDA, Watershed Phys Proc Res Unit, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Papanicolaou, AN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM tommy-sutarto@uiowa.edu; tpapanic@utk.edu; cgwilsn@engineering.uiowa.edu; eddy.langendoen@ars.usda.gov OI Langendoen, Eddy/0000-0002-2215-4989 FU USDA-CIG [74-6114-10-012]; MATC TRB RiP [24483]; National Science Foundation [EAR-1331906]; Fulbright scholarship FX This research was supported by the USDA-CIG #74-6114-10-012 and by the MATC TRB RiP No. 24483. The latter part of this work is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation EAR-1331906. A collaborative agreement between the USDA-ARS (4th co-author) and the PI of this research (2nd-author) allowed the use of CONCEPTS at Clear Creek Watershed, Iowa. The 1st author has been partially supported by a Fulbright scholarship. The authors would like to recognize the help provided at the inception of this project by Dr. Mohamed Elhakeem, Associate Professor at Abu Dhabi University and former Research Engineer at IIHR-Hydroscience&Engineering. The help provided by Fabienne Bertrand and Post Doctoral Associate, Dr. Filippo Bressan, is highly appreciated. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the above agencies. NR 74 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 EI 1943-7900 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD SEP PY 2014 VL 140 IS 9 AR 04014041 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0000899 PG 19 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA AP6ZM UT WOS:000342227200003 ER PT J AU Portilla, M Snodgrass, G Luttrell, R AF Portilla, Maribel Snodgrass, Gordon Luttrell, Randall TI A novel bioassay to evaluate the potential of Beauveria bassiana strain NI8 and the insect growth regulator novaluron against Lygus lineolaris on a non-autoclaved solid artificial diet SO JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioassay; biocontrol ID TARNISHED PLANT BUG; MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI; HESPERUS HEMIPTERA; MIRIDAE POPULATIONS; HETEROPTERA MIRIDAE; FIELD POPULATIONS; DEUTEROMYCOTINA; PATHOGENICITY; TEMPERATURES AB A non-autoclaved solid diet was used to evaluate the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) strain NI8 and the insect growth regulator novaluron (Diamond (R) 0.83EC insecticide) for control of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae). The diet was composed of toasted wheat germ, ground lima bean meal, soy flour, yolk of chicken eggs, inhibitor, and agar. It was prepared in one step by blending the ingredients in boiling water. The diet was used to bioassay L. lineolaris from the second instar to the adult stage. Fourth and fifth instars and adults of L. lineolaris were more susceptible than second and third instars to infection by B. bassiana, whereas second, third, and fourth instars had higher mortality than fifth instars 10 days after exposure to novaluron. No effects on longevity were observed in adults treated with novaluron when compared with the control, but longevity was significantly different from that of adults exposed to B. bassiana. Adults of L. lineolaris were maintained for over a month without changing the diet. The non-autoclaved diet is semi-liquid before it cools, which facilitates the mechanics of diet packaging similar to food packaging or lepidopteran diet preparation. This solid artificial diet for Lygus bugs provides improved research capacity for studying the ecology and susceptibility of Lygus spp. to a number of different control agents, including beneficial organisms, insect pathogens, and insecticidal toxins being developed for transgenic technologies. C1 [Portilla, Maribel; Snodgrass, Gordon; Luttrell, Randall] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38732 USA. RP Portilla, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38732 USA. EM maribel.portilla@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1536-2442 EI 2250-2645 J9 J INSECT SCI JI J Insect Sci. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 115 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AP2NK UT WOS:000341909000001 PM 25368059 ER PT J AU Lutomiah, J Omondi, D Masiga, D Mutai, C Mireji, PO Ongus, J Linthicum, KJ Sang, R AF Lutomiah, Joel Omondi, David Masiga, Daniel Mutai, Collins Mireji, Paul O. Ongus, Juliette Linthicum, Ken J. Sang, Rosemary TI Blood Meal Analysis and Virus Detection in Blood-Fed Mosquitoes Collected During the 2006-2007 Rift Valley Fever Outbreak in Kenya SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rift Valley fever virus; Ndumu virus; Mosquito vectors; Aedes ochraceus; Mansonia uniformis; Blood meal identification; Host animals; Bunyavirididae; Alphavirus ID NDUMU VIRUS; ANIMALS; AFRICA; VECTOR; SEROPREVALENCE; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; ABUNDANCE; ALIGNMENT; EPIDEMIC AB Background: Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a zoonosis of domestic ruminants in Africa. Blood-fed mosquitoes collected during the 2006-2007 RVF outbreak in Kenya were analyzed to determine the virus infection status and animal source of the blood meals. Materials and Methods: Blood meals from individual mosquito abdomens were screened for viruses using Vero cells and RT-PCR. DNA was also extracted and the cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) and cytochrome b (cytb) genes amplified by PCR. Purified amplicons were sequenced and queried in GenBank and Barcode of Life Database (BOLD) to identify the putative blood meal sources. Results: The predominant species in Garissa were Aedes ochraceus, (n = 561, 76%) and Ae. mcintoshi, (n = 176, 24%), and Mansonia uniformis, (n = 24, 72.7%) in Baringo. Ae. ochraceus fed on goats (37.6%), cattle (16.4%), donkeys (10.7%), sheep (5.9%), and humans (5.3%). Ae. mcintoshi fed on the same animals in almost equal proportions. RVFV was isolated from Ae. ochraceus that had fed on sheep (4), goats (3), human (1), cattle (1), and unidentified host (1), with infection and dissemination rates of 1.8% (10/561) and 50% (5/10), respectively, and 0.56% (1/176) and 100% (1/1) in Ae. mcintoshi. In Baringo, Ma. uniformis fed on sheep (38%), frogs (13%), duikers (8%), cattle (4%), goats (4%), and unidentified hosts (29%), with infection and dissemination rates of 25% (6/24) and 83.3% (5/6), respectively. Ndumu virus (NDUV) was also isolated from Ae. ochraceus with infection and dissemination rates of 2.3% (13/561) and 76.9% (10/13), and Ae. mcintoshi, 2.8% (5/176) and 80% (4/5), respectively. Ten of the infected Ae. ochraceus had fed on goats, sheep (1), and unidentified hosts (2), and Ae. mcintoshi on goats (3), camel (1), and donkey (1). Conclusion: This study has demonstrated that RVFV and NDUV were concurrently circulating during the outbreak, and sheep and goats were the main amplifiers of these viruses respectively. C1 [Lutomiah, Joel; Mutai, Collins; Sang, Rosemary] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Ctr Virus Res, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. [Omondi, David; Masiga, Daniel] ICIPE, Nairobi, Kenya. [Linthicum, Ken J.] ARS, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL USA. [Omondi, David; Mireji, Paul O.] Egerton Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Njoro, Kenya. [Ongus, Juliette] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Ruiru, Kenya. RP Lutomiah, J (reprint author), Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Ctr Virus Res, POB 54628-00100, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. EM joel.lutomiah@usamru-k.org OI Masiga, Daniel/0000-0001-7513-0887 FU United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX We thank Dunston Beti, John Gachoya and Reuben Lugalia, all of KEMRI, for their technical assistance in mosquito identification. This work received financial support from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 14 IS 9 BP 656 EP 664 DI 10.1089/vbz.2013.1564 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AP5VQ UT WOS:000342147200005 PM 25229704 ER PT J AU Standish, RJ Hobbs, RJ Mayfield, MM Bestelmeyer, BT Suding, KN Battaglia, LL Eviner, V Hawkes, CV Temperton, VM Cramer, VA Harris, JA Funk, JL Thomas, PA AF Standish, Rachel J. Hobbs, Richard J. Mayfield, Margaret M. Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. Suding, Katherine N. Battaglia, Loretta L. Eviner, Valerie Hawkes, Christine V. Temperton, Vicky M. Cramer, Viki A. Harris, James A. Funk, Jennifer L. Thomas, Peter A. TI Resilience in ecology: Abstraction, distraction, or where the action is? SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity conservation; Ecological resilience; Environmental policy; Recovery; Restoration goals; Threshold ID LAND-USE INTENSIFICATION; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; REGIME SHIFTS; CORAL-REEFS; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; RESPONSE DIVERSITY; PLANT TRAITS; RELATIVE RESILIENCE; CRITICAL THRESHOLDS AB Increasingly, the success of management interventions aimed at biodiversity conservation are viewed as being dependent on the 'resilience' of the system. Although the term 'resilience' is increasingly used by policy makers and environmental managers, the concept of 'resilience' remains vague, varied and difficult to quantify. Here we clarify what this concept means from an ecological perspective, and how it can be measured and applied to ecosystem management. We argue that thresholds of disturbance are central to measuring resilience. Thresholds are important because they offer a means to quantify how much disturbance an ecosystem can absorb before switching to another state, and so indicate whether intervention might be necessary to promote the recovery of the pre-disturbance state. We distinguish between helpful resilience, where resilience helps recovery, and unhelpful resilience where it does not, signalling the presence of a threshold and the need for intervention. Data to determine thresholds are not always available and so we consider the potential for indices of functional diversity to act as proxy measures of resilience. We also consider the contributions of connectivity and scale to resilience and how to incorporate these factors into management. We argue that linking thresholds to functional diversity indices may improve our ability to predict the resilience of ecosystems to future, potentially novel, disturbances according to their spatial and temporal scales of influence. Throughout, we provide guidance for the application of the resilience concept to ecosystem management. In doing so, we confirm its usefulness for improving bio-diversity conservation in our rapidly changing world. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Standish, Rachel J.; Hobbs, Richard J.; Cramer, Viki A.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Mayfield, Margaret M.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Mayfield, Margaret M.] Ctr Ecol, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Suding, Katherine N.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Battaglia, Loretta L.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Eviner, Valerie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hawkes, Christine V.] Univ Texas Austin, Sect Integrat Biol, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Temperton, Vicky M.] Forschungszentrum Julich GmbH, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Harris, James A.] Cranfield Univ, Sch Appl Sci, Cranfield MK43 0AL, Beds, England. [Funk, Jennifer L.] Chapman Univ, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Orange, CA 92866 USA. [Thomas, Peter A.] Keele Univ, Sch Life Sci, Keele ST5 5BG, Staffs, England. RP Standish, RJ (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Plant Biol, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. EM rachel.standish@uwa.edu.au; richard.hobbs@uwa.edu.au; m.mayfield@uq.edu.au; bbestelm@nmsu.edu; suding@berkeley.edu; battaglia.loretta@gmail.com; veviner@ucdavis.edu; chawkes@mail.utexas.edu; v.temperton@fz-juelich.de; viki_cramer@yahoo.com; J.a.harris@cranfleld.ac.uk; jlfunk@chapman.edu; p.a.thomas@biol.keele.ac.uk RI Harris, Jim/B-2816-2011; Hobbs, Richard/F-5883-2010; Standish, Rachel/B-1028-2011; Mayfield, Margaret/B-7386-2012; OI Harris, Jim/0000-0001-9266-4979; Hobbs, Richard/0000-0003-4047-3147; Mayfield, Margaret/0000-0002-5101-6542; Hawkes, Christine/0000-0002-1043-9469 FU Australian Research Council (ARC) Laureate Fellowship; ARC Centre of Excellence in Environmental Decisions FX We thank Lauren Hallett, Jesse Fruchter, Nancy Shackelford and numerous other colleagues and reviewers for discussion on the topics in this paper and for comments on the draft manuscript. We acknowledge support from an Australian Research Council (ARC) Laureate Fellowship to R.J. Hobbs, which also supported a field-based workshop in south-western Australia from which this paper developed. We also acknowledge support from the ARC Centre of Excellence in Environmental Decisions. NR 85 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 36 U2 273 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 177 BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2014.06.008 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO6PK UT WOS:000341473800005 ER PT J AU Turse, JE Scoles, GA Deringer, JR Fry, LM Brown, WC AF Turse, Joshua E. Scoles, Glen A. Deringer, James R. Fry, Lindsay M. Brown, Wendy C. TI Immunization-Induced Anaplasma marginale-Specific T-Lymphocyte Responses Impaired by A-marginale Infection Are Restored after Eliminating Infection with Tetracycline SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELL EXHAUSTION; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; PERSISTENCE; PATHOGENS; BACTERIAL; CHALLENGE; BLOCKADE; PROTEINS; EVASION; SYSTEM AB Infection of cattle with Anaplasma marginale fails to prime sustained effector/memory T-cell responses, and high bacterial load may induce antigen-specific CD4 T exhaustion and deletion. We tested the hypothesis that clearance of persistent infection restores the exhausted T-cell response. We show that infection-induced T-cell exhaustion, characterized as loss of antigen-specific proliferation, and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) production are partially restored in cattle following clearance of persistent infection with tetracycline. C1 [Turse, Joshua E.; Deringer, James R.; Fry, Lindsay M.; Brown, Wendy C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Scoles, Glen A.; Fry, Lindsay M.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Brown, WC (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM wbrown@vetmed.wsu.edu FU NIH NIAID grant [AI053692]; USDA ARS CRIS project [5348-32000-033-00D]; Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) fellowship FX This research was supported by an NIH NIAID grant (AI053692) (to W. C. B.) and USDA ARS CRIS project number 5348-32000-033-00D (to G. A. S.). L. M. F. is partially supported by an Achievement Rewards for College Scientists (ARCS) fellowship. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1369 EP 1375 DI 10.1128/CVI.00246-14 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AO8SO UT WOS:000341624800026 PM 25008904 ER PT J AU Guedira, M Maloney, P Xiong, M Petersen, S Murphy, JP Marshall, D Johnson, J Harrison, S Brown-Guedira, G AF Guedira, Mohammed Maloney, Peter Xiong, Mai Petersen, Stine Murphy, J. Paul Marshall, David Johnson, Jerry Harrison, Steve Brown-Guedira, Gina TI Vernalization Duration Requirement in Soft Winter Wheat is Associated with Variation at the VRN-B1 Locus SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L.; GROWTH HABIT; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; ALLELIC VARIATION; STEM RUST; GENES; REGISTRATION; RESISTANCE; TIME; CULTIVARS AB Genetic variation in the factors controlling flowering in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) allow it to be grown in a wide range of environments. The aim of this study was to identify genetic determinants of flowering time in winter wheat cultivars adapted to regions of the United States differing in latitude and the duration of cold temperatures during winter. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis was performed in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population from the cross between cultivars NC-Neuse and AGS 2000 that are adapted to the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions, respectively. We identified a QTL for heading date (HD) in the greenhouse after 4 wk of vernalization, designated Qvdr.nc-5BL, which also had a large effect on winter dormancy release and HD when the population was evaluated in the field at locations in North Carolina, Georgia, and Louisiana during 2012 and North Carolina during 2013. However, Qvdr.nc-5BL did not have a significant effect on HD in greenhouse grown plants vernalized for 8 wk or in plants grown in the field at Raleigh, NC during 2011. In those environments where Qvdr.nc-5BL was not significant, a region on chromosome 2B, probably associated with the Ppd-B1 locus, was determined to have a HD effect. Interrogation of the population with gene-based markers for Vrn-B1 and Ppd-B1 suggests that these loci are major determinants of HD in winter wheat and are important for adaptation to diverse growing environments. C1 [Guedira, Mohammed; Maloney, Peter; Xiong, Mai; Petersen, Stine; Murphy, J. Paul; Marshall, David; Brown-Guedira, Gina] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Marshall, David; Brown-Guedira, Gina] USDA ARS Plant Sci Res, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Johnson, Jerry] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Harrison, Steve] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Plant Environm & Soil Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Guedira, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM m_guedira@ncsu.edu OI Guedira, Mohammed/0000-0003-3953-6112 FU USDA AFRI Triticeae-CAP [2011-68002-30029] FX This project is funded in part by the USDA AFRI Triticeae-CAP (2011-68002-30029). The authors thank Dr. Doug Robison from the SAS institute for his excellent help with the statistical analysis. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 19 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1960 EP 1971 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.12.0833 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800005 ER PT J AU Sherman, JD Nash, D Lanning, SP Martin, JM Blake, NK Morris, CF Talbert, LE AF Sherman, Jamie D. Nash, Deanna Lanning, Susan P. Martin, John M. Blake, Nancy K. Morris, Craig F. Talbert, Luther E. TI Genetics of End-Use Quality Differences between a Modern and Historical Spring Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; BREAD-MAKING QUALITY; GRAIN-PROTEIN COMPOSITION; STATISTICAL CORRELATIONS; MOLECULAR MARKERS; STORAGE PROTEINS; CROSS; LINES; DIVERSITY; POPULATION AB The goal of this project was to determine the genetic basis for quality differences between a modern semidwarf spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar McNeal and a historically important standard height cultivar Thatcher. McNeal is higher yielding with lower grain protein than Thatcher, yet has stronger gluten properties important in bread making. Grain from a total of 160 recombinant inbred lines including 80 semidwarf and 80 standard-height lines grown in three environments was tested for bread-making quality. A genetic map of 609 markers was used to identify bread-making quality quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing flour protein, dough mixing, and baking properties. The McNeal allele for semidwarf habit at Rht-D1 had the largest impact on end-use quality parameters, including flour protein and loaf volume. The primarily negative impact of this allele on quality in McNeal was mitigated by alleles for increased dough strength at other QTL. The allele with the greatest effect on strength was at Gli-B1. Other alleles for increased end-use quality, especially alleles impacting flour protein, tended to be negatively associated with previously identified alleles for grain yield and its components. In sum, this paper shows that the introduction of the Rht alleles for semidwarf habit have presented a challenge to the maintenance of superior end-use quality in modern hard red spring wheat cultivars. C1 [Sherman, Jamie D.; Nash, Deanna; Lanning, Susan P.; Martin, John M.; Blake, Nancy K.; Talbert, Luther E.] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Morris, Craig F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Western Wheat Qual Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Sherman, JD (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Plant Sci & Plant Pathol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM jsherman@montana.edu FU National Research Initiative Competitive Grants from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-65300-05640, 2011-68002-30029] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative Competitive Grants 2009-65300-05640 and 2011-68002-30029 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 20 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 1972 EP 1980 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.11.0749 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800006 ER PT J AU Burow, G Xin, ZG Hayes, C Burke, J AF Burow, Gloria Xin, Zhanguo Hayes, Chad Burke, John TI Characterization of a Multiseeded (msd1) Mutant of Sorghum for Increasing Grain Yield SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GENE; REGISTRATION; INHERITANCE; MUTATIONS; BARLEY; INFLORESCENCE; MUTAGENESIS; GRASSES; WHEAT AB Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] has branched panicles with primary, secondary, and tertiary branches. These inflorescence branches are composed of a terminal triplet spikelet, consisting of one sessile (directly attached to the branch) and two pedicellate (spikelets attached to the branch through a short pedicel), followed by one or more spikelet pairs (one sessile and one pedicellate). In BTx623, and most sorghum lines, only the sessile spikelets can develop into seeds and the pedicellate spikelets, occasionally developing anthers, eventually abort. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of a stable multiseeded (msd1) mutant of sorghum (in BTx623 background, referred to as wild-type [WT]) in which both sessile and pedicellate spikelets are fertile. In addition, this mutant displayed increased length and total number of primary and secondary inflorescence branches. Genetic analysis showed that this multiseeded mutation is a recessive trait. Pedicellate spikelets in msd1 mutants exhibited complete flower with functional ovary and anthers, of which 75 to 95% can develop into viable seeds. The individual msd1 seeds are smaller than WT; however, the results indicated that this reduction in seed weight can be compensated by the increase in seed number. The total seed weight per panicle in msd1 mutants was increased by 30 to 40% as compared to the WT. Further experiments are needed to demonstrate whether the msd1 mutation can increase grain yield under field conditions. C1 [Burow, Gloria; Xin, Zhanguo; Hayes, Chad; Burke, John] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Xin, ZG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Cropping Syst Res Lab, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM zhanguo.xin@ars.usda.gov OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785 FU United Sorghum Checkoff Program on "Genetic Enhancement of Sorghum" FX The authors would like to thank Ms. Kyla Kersh for characterizing the morphology of msd1 BC1F2 generation, Ms. Halee Hughes, Dr. Lan Liu Gitz, and a number of student aides for their assistance in conducting polyhouse and field experiments. The authors are grateful for the extramural support from the United Sorghum Checkoff Program on "Genetic Enhancement of Sorghum." For information on availability of germplasm described in this manuscript, contact Dr. Zhanguo Xin, email: Zhanguo.xin@ars.usda.gov. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2030 EP 2037 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.08.0566 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800012 ER PT J AU McDonald, MJ Ohm, HW Rinehart, KD Giovanini, MP Williams, CE AF McDonald, Melissa J. Ohm, Herbert W. Rinehart, Kristen D. Giovanini, Marcelo P. Williams, Christie E. TI H33: A Wheat Gene Providing Hessian Fly Resistance for the Southeastern United States SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CECIDOMYIIDAE POPULATIONS; DIPTERA CECIDOMYIIDAE; CHROMOSOME 1AS; WINTER-WHEAT; COMMON WHEAT; MARKERS; VIRULENCE; LARVAE; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION AB Hessian fly populations adapt to overcome newly deployed resistance genes within a few years of release. Although more than 34 genes have been identified that confer resistance against Hessian fly [Mayetiola destructor (Say)] attack in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), only five genes currently provide resistance against fly populations in the southeastern United States. But even these genes are not 100% effective, leaving Georgia and North and South Carolina with between one and three effective genes for cultivar development. With the goal of providing much needed resistance for this region in a wheat line suitable for use with marker-assisted selection, we identified a durum wheat line that confers resistance to Hessian fly populations from Maryland, Delaware, North and South Carolina, and Georgia in 100% of the plants tested. Resistance from this tetraploid durum line, PI 134942, was introgressed into hexaploid common wheat to generate the line 97211. Segregating populations of F-2:3 families were constructed with the durum donor and with the common wheat recipient to identify resistance genes and provide flanking markers. Although the resistance of the durum donor appeared to involve more than one gene, one partially dominant but very effective gene, H33, was successfully transferred and identified in the hexaploid recipient. This gene was mapped to the short arm of wheat chromosome 3A and is flanked by single sequence repeat markers xgwm218 and hbg284. C1 [McDonald, Melissa J.; Ohm, Herbert W.; Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Rinehart, Kristen D.] DuPont Pioneer, Johnston, IA 50131 USA. [Giovanini, Marcelo P.] Monsanto Brasil LTDA, BR-86600000 Rolandia, PR, Brazil. [Williams, Christie E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Williams, CE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, 915 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM cwilliams@purdue.edu FU USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [58-3620-8-688]; Indiana Crop Improvement grant [301156]; USDA-CRIS [3602-22000-016-D] FX This work was a joint contribution by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Crop Production and Pest Control Research Unit and Purdue University. Research was supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture award number 58-3620-8-688, Indiana Crop Improvement grant number 301156, and by USDA-CRIS number 3602-22000-016-D. The authors wish to thank Sue Cambron and Andrea Hargarten (USDA-ARS) for maintaining Hessian fly stocks and assistance with phenotypic scoring of plants. Mention of a commercial or proprietary product does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for its use by the USDA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2045 EP 2053 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.12.0811 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800014 ER PT J AU La, TC Pathan, SM Vuong, T Lee, JD Scaboo, AM Smith, JR Gillen, AM Gillman, J Ellersieck, MR Nguyen, HT Shannon, JG AF La, Thang C. Pathan, Safiullah M. Tri Vuong Lee, Jeong-Dong Scaboo, Andrew M. Smith, James R. Gillen, Anne M. Gillman, Jason Ellersieck, Mark R. Nguyen, Henry T. Shannon, J. Grover TI Effect of High-Oleic Acid Soybean on Seed Oil, Protein Concentration, and Yield SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FATTY-ACID; AGRONOMIC PERFORMANCE; MUTANT ALLELES; OLEATE CONTENT; STABILITY; LINES; POPULATIONS; SELECTION; HERITABILITY AB acid content are desired by oil processors because of their improved oxidative stability for broader use in food, fuel, and other products. However, non-genetically modified organism (GMO), high-oleic soybeans have tended to have low seed yield. The objective of this study was to test non-GMO, high-oleic soybean lines derived from new gene combinations for seed yield and seed composition traits. Soybean lines with similar to 750 to 800 g kg(-1) oleic acid concentration were generated by combining mutant allele S117N FAD2-1A from 17D and mutant allele P137R FAD2-1B from PI 283327. Also, lines were developed by crossing M23 with a different FAD2-1A mutation x (Jake x PI 283327) and used for comparative purposes. Forty F-4:7 high-oleic lines with these mutant FAD2-1A and FAD2-1B genes were compared with forty F-4:7 normal oleic acid lines (similar to 200-250 g kg(-1)) for seed yield, five fatty acids, total oil, and protein concentration from six crosses grown in six environments. The high-oleic genotypes averaged > 790 g kg(-1) oleic acid and concentrations of palmitic and linolenic acids were significantly lower (similar to 30% lower) in high-oleic acid lines than in their normal oleic acid counterparts in each environment. When averaged across all locations and populations, seed yield of the high-oleic lines derived from 17D were within 2% of the normal oleic lines but yield between high and normal oleic lines varied among populations. The higholeic lines averaged significantly higher in protein than normal oleic lines in all six populations. Oil was also higher in the high-oleic lines than normal oleic lines from the 17D populations but was lower in the high-oleic lines derived from M23. Thus, high-oleic soybeans derived by combining mutant allele S117N FAD2-1A allele with mutant P137R FAD2-1B allele can have comparable yields with the potential to generate more oil with greater functionality and a higher protein meal than soybeans with normal oleic acid content. C1 [La, Thang C.; Tri Vuong; Scaboo, Andrew M.; Ellersieck, Mark R.; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Pathan, Safiullah M.; Shannon, J. Grover] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Delta Res Ctr, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Lee, Jeong-Dong; Smith, James R.; Gillen, Anne M.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Gillman, Jason] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Shannon, JG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Delta Res Ctr, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. EM shannong@missouri.edu FU United Soybean Board project [2220]; Missouri Soybean Merchandizing Council (MSMC) FX Appreciation is extended the United Soybean Board project # 2220 "Development of Productive Soybeans with High Oil and Improved Fatty Acid Profiles to Meet Diverse Needs for a Wide Range of Maturity Groups" and the Missouri Soybean Merchandizing Council (MSMC) for funding this research from U.S. soybean farmer soybean check-off dollars. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 33 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2054 EP 2062 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.12.0819 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800015 ER PT J AU Casler, MD AF Casler, Michael D. TI Heterosis and Reciprocal-cross Effects in Tetraploid Switchgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS YIELD; DNA METHYLATION; GENETIC ORGANISATION; NATURAL POPULATIONS; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; FLOWERING TIME; LOLIUM PERENNE; SELECTION; UPLAND; LOWLAND AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) is a candidate for cellulosic bioenergy feedstock development in many parts of North America. Because production costs are generally considered too high for economic and sustainable production of switchgrass biomass, breeding for increased biomass yield is a viable and desirable research objective. The objective of this study was to estimate heterosis and reciprocal-cross effects in three types of switchgrass crosses: upland x upland (UxU), lowland x lowland (LxL), and upland x lowland (LxU) hybrids. A total of 62 hybrids and two parental populations were evaluated for 2 yr at two Wisconsin locations. Mid-parent heterosis for biomass yield was observed in only four LxL hybrids and no LxU hybrids, suggesting that it is not a universal phenomenon between upland and lowland ecotypes. Reciprocal effects were more important than heterosis effects, as most hybrids were similar in performance to their maternal parent population. Flowering time was a strong driver of biomass yield, accounting for 67% of the variation among hybrids in biomass yield and increasing biomass yield by 0.47 Mg ha(-1) for each day delay in flowering time. C1 USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu FU USDA-ARS [58-3K95-9-1322]; Forage Genetics International, LLC [58-3K95-9-1322] FX This research was funded by cooperative agreement number 58-3K95-9-1322, between USDA-ARS and Forage Genetics International, LLC. I thank Mark McCaslin for support of this research. I thank Nick Baker, USDA-ARS, Madison, WI, for technical assistance and support with field and greenhouse activities. I also thank Denise Costich (formerly, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; currently, CIMMYT, Mexico City) for her valuable assistance in identifying the ploidy polymorphism within the WS4L-C2 population. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2063 EP 2069 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.12.0821 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800016 ER PT J AU Riday, H Brummer, EC AF Riday, Heathcliffe Brummer, E. Charles TI Vigor and Persistence of Birdsfoot Trefoil Populations Selected with or without an Orchardgrass Companion Evaluated in Grass Sod SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PERENNIAL RYEGRASS MIXTURES; WHITE CLOVER; TRIFOLIUM-REPENS; PERFORMANCE; PASTURE AB Forage legumes are often grown in mixtures with grass for grazing or harvested for hay or silage. Forage legume breeders often debate the necessity of incorporating grass competition into the breeding process, particularly when bred varieties will be used in mixture with grass. To address this debate, a two by two by two factorial of eight birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) populations were developed from selections of plants made at two nursery sites (Boone, IA, and Prairie du Sac, WI), out of two base cultivars (Norcen and WITT), and under two nursery treatments [orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) overseeded and no-grass overseeded]. Space-plants of the eight birdsfoot trefoil populations were transplanted directly into grass sod and evaluated for 4 yr for visual vigor (a proxy for biomass yield) and plant persistence. Persistence over time was measured using a linear model describing the decline in stand percentage per month. Overall, the four birdsfoot trefoil populations bred with a grass companion persisted better when transplanted into grass sod (slope -1.12% persistence mo(-1)) compared with the four birdsfoot trefoil population bred without a grass companion (slope -1.43% persistence mo(-1)). On average, only the WITT-derived populations selected with a grass companion had superior visual vigor ratings when transplanted into sod compared with the WITT-derived populations selected without a grass companion. This study provides evidence that selecting birdsfoot trefoil with an orchardgrass companion leads to more persistent birdsfoot trefoil varieties for use in grass mixtures compared with birdsfoot trefoil bred without a grass companion. C1 [Riday, Heathcliffe] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Brummer, E. Charles] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Riday, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM heathcliffe.riday@ars.usda.gov FU Hatch regional project "Breeding and Genetics of Forage Crops to Improve Productivity, Quality, and Industrial Uses" [NE1010] FX The authors wish to thank Rebecca Heidelberger and Benjamin Justen for technical assistance in the field. This study was conducted as part of the NE1010 Hatch regional project "Breeding and Genetics of Forage Crops to Improve Productivity, Quality, and Industrial Uses." NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2070 EP 2076 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.02.0147 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800017 ER PT J AU Maloney, PV Petersen, S Navarro, RA Marshall, D McKendry, AL Costa, JM Murphy, JP AF Maloney, Peter V. Petersen, Stine Navarro, Rene A. Marshall, David McKendry, Anne L. Costa, Jose M. Murphy, J. Paul TI Digital Image Analysis Method for Estimation of Fusarium-Damaged Kernels in Wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HEAD BLIGHT RESISTANCE; CERCOSPORA LEAF-SPOT; RED WINTER-WHEAT; SUGAR-BEET; REGISTRATION; DISEASE; SELECTION AB Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), or head scab, causes a reduction in grain yield and quality through the formation of shriveled, dull-grey seeds called "tombstones" or Fusarium-damaged kernels (FDK). Fusarium-damaged kernels are commonly quantified on a percentage basis by visually separating damaged from healthy kernels following harvest, in a process that is both time consuming and labor intensive. The objective of this study was to evaluate an alternative method for quantifying FDK through the use of the digital image analysis program ImageJ. The 'NC-Neuse' x 'AGS 2000' F 5 -derived recombinant inbred population of 172 lines and the NC-Neuse x'Bess' double haploid population of 112 lines were used in this study. NC-Neuse and Bess were moderately resistant and AGS 2000 was susceptible to FHB. The populations were evaluated under moderate to heavy FHB epidemics in a total of five environments in North Carolina, Maryland, and Missouri with two to three replications per environment during the 2010 to 2011 and 2011 to 2012 seasons. Following hand harvest and grain processing, FDK was estimated by (i) visual separation of diseased kernels and (ii) digital image analysis using ImageJ on captured images of grain samples. The correlation between the two methods ranged from 0.72 to 0.80 over five environments. A lower correlation was observed in one environment due to cracked and broken kernels in the samples. Digital image analysis was three times faster than the visual method and estimated FDK on a larger scale per plot sample, whereas labor and time constraints limited the sample size for the visual method. Digital image analysis was consistent over samples and appears well suited as an alternative form to estimate percent of FDK in grain that is not damaged in other ways. C1 [Maloney, Peter V.; Petersen, Stine; Navarro, Rene A.; Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Marshall, David] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [McKendry, Anne L.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO USA. [Costa, Jose M.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Petersen, S (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM speters@ncsu.edu NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 16 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2077 EP 2083 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0432 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800018 ER PT J AU Viteri, DM Teran, H Asensio-S-Manzanera, MC Asensio, C Porch, TG Miklas, PN Singh, SP AF Viteri, Diego M. Teran, Henry Carmen Asensio-S-Manzanera, Mari Asensio, Carmen Porch, Timothy G. Miklas, Phillip N. Singh, Shree P. TI Progress in Breeding Andean Common Bean for Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CAMPESTRIS PV. PHASEOLI; MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; VAR.-FUSCANS; VULGARIS L; INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GAMETE SELECTION; MIDDLE AMERICAN; VIRAL DISEASES; COCCINEUS LAM AB Common bacterial blight is a severe disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) worldwide. Use of resistant cultivars is crucial for its control. The objectives were to (i) assess the progress made in breeding large-seeded Andean bean developed between 1974 and 2010 and (ii) determine their resistance-linked sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) marker composition. Ten Andean and four Middle American common bacterial blight resistant beans including checks were evaluated in the greenhouse in 2011. Bacterial strains ARX8AC and Xcp25 were used to inoculate primary and trifoliolate leaves. The mean disease score of the trifoliolate was 5.0 and of the primary leaf was 2.8. Strain Xcp25 had a mean score of 3.8 in primary and 5.9 in trifoliolate leaves. The respective scores for ARX8AC were 1.9 and 4.2. Andean 'Montcalm', with the SAP6 quantitative trait loci (QTL) and USDK-CBB-15, and USWK-CBB-17, with the SAP6 and SU91 QTL, showed an intermediate response to ARX8AC and a susceptible response to Xcp25. Middle American VAX 1 with SAP6, Andeans 08SH-840 and CXR 1 with SAP6 and SU91, and RCS52-2, RCS53-3, and RCS63-5B with SU91 and BC420 were resistant or intermediate to both strains. Middle American VAX 3 and VAX 6, with SAP6 and SU91, had the highest levels of resistance to ARX8AC, but their responses to Xcp25 were similar to the latter Andean group. Thus, significant improvement has been achieved, but breeding for yet higher levels of resistance, recovery of commercial seed types, and improving yield and other agronomic traits should be emphasized. C1 [Viteri, Diego M.; Singh, Shree P.] Univ Idaho, Plant Soil & Entomol Sci Dept, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Teran, Henry] DuPont Pioneer, Salinas, PR 00751 USA. [Carmen Asensio-S-Manzanera, Mari; Asensio, Carmen] Inst Tecnol Agr Castilla & Leon, Valladolid 47080, Spain. [Porch, Timothy G.] USDA ARS, TARS, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Miklas, Phillip N.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. RP Singh, SP (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Plant Soil & Entomol Sci Dept, Kimberly Res & Extens Ctr, 3793 North 3600 East, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM singh@uidaho.edu FU Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station FX We appreciate the support of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station for conducting this research in the greenhouse at the University of Idaho, Kimberly Research and Extension Center. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2084 EP 2092 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.03.0177 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800019 ER PT J AU Bhusal, SJ Jiang, GL Hesler, LS Orf, JH AF Bhusal, Siddhi J. Jiang, Guo-Liang Hesler, Louis S. Orf, James H. TI Soybean Aphid Resistance in Soybean Germplasm Accessions of Maturity Group I SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HEMIPTERA APHIDIDAE; NORTH-AMERICA; MANAGEMENT; HOMOPTERA; GENOTYPES; GLYCINES; GENES AB Soybean aphid (SA; Aphis glycines Matsumura) is a major pest of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in North America, particularly the northern United States. Identification of SA resistance in early-maturing soybeans will facilitate development of aphid-resistant cultivars for this region. In this study, 330 soybean germplasm accessions from Maturity Group (MG) I, along with 11 resistant or susceptible checks, were evaluated against SA in greenhouse by caged (no-choice) and noncaged tests. Germplasm accessions that showed resistance in these tests were then tested in the field under natural infestations supplemented by artificial inoculation. In the greenhouse tests, accessions PI 189946, PI 153214, and PI 437075 exhibited low SA levels (<50 aphids plant(-1) in caged test and SA score of 1.3 or less in noncaged test) similar to those on resistant checks. Six accessions (PI 378663, PI 603587A, PI 567250A, PI 603326, PI 603339A, and PI 603546A) showed moderate aphid resistance with <135 aphids plant(-1) in caged and SA score of 2.3 or less in noncaged test. In the field, PI 567250A and PI 603339A performed similar to resistant checks, and PI 153214 and PI 437075 showed moderate aphid resistance. Across all three tests, PI 567250A and PI 603339A exhibited consistently low levels of aphid infestation and thus may be useful in soybean breeding as newly identified sources of SA resistance. C1 [Bhusal, Siddhi J.; Jiang, Guo-Liang] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Hesler, Louis S.] USDA ARS, North Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Orf, James H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Jiang, GL (reprint author), Virginia State Univ, Agr Res Stn, POB 9061, Petersburg, VA 23806 USA. EM gjiang@vsu.edu FU United Soybean Board grant; USDA-NIFA/CSREES Hatch project FX We are thankful to Dr. Kelley Tilmon and Tiana Shuster, SDSU Soybean Entomology Laboratory, for providing SA clones and other technical help. We thank Dr. Sivanada Tirumalaraju and Nicholas Hall for assistance in greenhouse and field experiments. The help from Dr. Xianzhi Wang, Yaming Lu, Devi Kandel, Mukhtar Agoub, Jiaoping Zhang, and Eric Beckendorf is also appreciated. Seeds of all germplasm accessions were provided by National Soybean Research Center, Urbana, IL. This research was financially supported in part by the United Soybean Board grant awarded to G.-L. Jiang and the USDA-NIFA/CSREES Hatch project. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2093 EP 2098 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.03.0205 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800020 ER PT J AU Miklas, PN Fourie, D Trapp, J Davis, J Myers, JR AF Miklas, Phillip N. Fourie, Deidre Trapp, Jennifer Davis, Joel Myers, James R. TI New Loci Including Pse-6 Conferring Resistance to Halo Bacterial Blight on Chromosome Pv04 in Common Bean SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS L.; GENE; QTL; MAP; INHERITANCE; GERMPLASM; MARKERS; RACES AB Halo bacterial blight caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Psp) is a serious seed-borne disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The disease can be controlled by major resistance (R) genes effective against specific races of the pathogen. Our objective was to characterize the R gene(s) conferring resistance to Psp Races 1, 5, 7, and 9 in the great northern dry bean germplasm release BelNeb-RR-1. A recombinant inbred population consisting of 76 F-9 -derived lines (RILs) from the cross BelNeb-RR-1/A55 was inoculated with Races 1, 5, 7, and 9 and genotyped with 5398 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. Resistance to Races 1, 5, 7, and 9 cosegregated with each other and mapped to the proximal end of Pv04 in a known region of R genes that condition resistance to bean anthracnose and bean rust. Location on Pv04, combined with F 2 allelism tests, confirmed the presence of a new gene, Pse-6, for halo blight resistance. We mapped other unnamed R genes to proximal end of Pv04 that were segregating in Minuette/ OSU5630 and Raven/I9365-31 RIL populations and that conditioned resistance to Psp Race 7 and Race 1, respectively. A second R gene, Pse-4, conditioning resistance solely to Race 5, was detected in BelNeb-RR-1 and tentatively positioned on chromosome Pv10. A sequencecharacterized amplified region marker SB10.550 tightly linked (1.4 cM) with Pse-6 was generated for potential use in marker-assisted selection for resistance to halo bacterial blight. C1 [Miklas, Phillip N.; Trapp, Jennifer] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Fourie, Deidre] ARC Grain Crops Inst, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Davis, Joel; Myers, James R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Miklas, PN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, 24106 N Bunn Rd, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. EM phil.miklas@ars.usda.gov FU BeanCAP; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2009-01929]; Norman Borlaug Commemorative Research Initiative FX The BelNeb-RR-1/A55 RIL population and associated RAPD marker data set were received from H. M. Ariyarathne and D.P. Coyne. The SNP assays were funded by the BeanCAP, USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, project number 2009-01929, and conducted by Dr. Perry Cregan, USDA-ARS, Soybean Genomics and Improvement Laboratory, BARC-West, Beltsville, MD. Funding from the Norman Borlaug Commemorative Research Initiative between ARS and USAID Feed-the-Future "Legume Grain Productivity Project" was used to support the salary of J. Trapp. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2099 EP 2108 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.03.0213 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800021 ER PT J AU Sthapit, J Newcomb, M Bonman, JM Chen, XM See, DR AF Sthapit, Jinita Newcomb, Maria Bonman, J. Michael Chen, Xianming See, Deven R. TI Genetic Diversity for Stripe Rust Resistance in Wheat Landraces and Identification of Accessions with Resistance to Stem Rust and Stripe Rust SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; AESTIVUM L.; LEAF RUST; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; US WHEAT; CULTIVARS; VIRULENCE; RACES; UG99 AB Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, and stem rust, caused by P. graminis f. sp. tritici, are economically important diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Stripe rust continues to cause huge economic losses in major wheat-growing regions as new races of the pathogen frequently emerge. Wheat landraces from diverse geographic regions are a potential source of novel rust resistance genes. In search of multiple rust resistance, a total of 652 landrace accessions from 54 countries previously screened for resistance to stem rust pathogen (race Ug99) were tested for resistance to current races of stripe rust in Pullman and Mt. Vernon, WA. Of the accessions, 165 showed resistance to stripe rust in the field, and 30 of them also had resistance to stem rust. The 652 landraces were genotyped with 72 simple sequence repeat markers, and 500 of them had data for 8633 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers covering the whole wheat genome. Genetic analysis based on SNP markers grouped the resistant landraces into nine different clusters in an unweighted pair group with arithmetic mean dendrogram and three groups in principal coordinates analyses, suggesting that resistant genotypes are genetically diverse and are expected to possess diverse resistance genes. Landraces with resistance to stem rust and stripe rust have both global and regional importance as sources of developing new and diverse resistant germplasm. C1 [Sthapit, Jinita] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Newcomb, Maria] USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Bonman, J. Michael] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Chen, Xianming; See, Deven R.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP See, DR (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Genet Qual Physiol & Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM deven_see@wsu.edu FU USDA-ARS special research initiative on stem rust; Washington Grain Commission; Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project (T-CAP); Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center [WNP00663] FX This research was funded by a USDA-ARS special research initiative on stem rust, the Washington Grain Commission, and Triticeae Coordinated Agricultural Project (T-CAP). We thank Dr. Shiaoman Chao for providing SNP data for the landraces included in this research. PPNS No. 0611, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center, Project No. WNP00663, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6430. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 15 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2131 EP 2139 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0438 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800024 ER PT J AU Irish, BM Cuevas, HE Simpson, SA Scheffler, BE Sardos, J Ploetz, R Goenaga, R AF Irish, Brian M. Cuevas, Hugo E. Simpson, Sheron A. Scheffler, Brian E. Sardos, Julie Ploetz, Randy Goenaga, Ricardo TI Musa spp. Germplasm Management: Microsatellite Fingerprinting of USDA-ARS National Plant Germplasm System Collection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURE RESEARCH STATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MARKERS; BANANA; ACCESSIONS; GENOME; AFLP; CLASSIFICATION; DOMESTICATION; CONSERVATION AB The USDA-ARS Tropical Agriculture Research Station (TARS) is responsible for conserving germplasm of a number of important agricultural crop species. Its banana (Musa spp.) collection is comprised of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid accessions of cultivated, ornamental, wild, and synthetic hybrid accessions. To estimate genetic diversity, identify gaps, determine integrity, and generate clonal reference multilocus DNA profiles for a total of 175 accessions in the collection, a set of 22 microsatellite markers developed in the framework of the Generation Challenge Program (www.generationcp.org/, accessed 30 June 2014) by Centre de Coop ration Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Developpement and recommended by the Global Musa Genomics Consortium were screened with an additional 15 reference DNA samples. Twenty-one of the 22 microsatellite markers amplified well and generated a total of 302 alleles with an average number of 14.4 alleles per locus. In general, profiles were reproducible and consistent for the 21 loci when clonal field and tissue culture plants were compared with reference samples. The average number of alleles and gene diversity estimates demonstrated substantial genetic diversity in the collection. Principal coordinate and cluster analyses grouped accessions in the collection according to their ploidy level and genomic compositions. Markers that were used in the study distinguished accessions to the subgroup level and identified mislabeled accessions, notably in the tissue culture collection where phenotypic differences are difficult to observe. The accessions and fingerprint profiles for the TARS collection are available through the USDA National Plant Germplasm System, Germplasm Resource Information Network (GRIN-Global) database www.ars-grin.gov/(accessed 30 June 2014). C1 [Irish, Brian M.; Cuevas, Hugo E.; Goenaga, Ricardo] USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. [Simpson, Sheron A.; Scheffler, Brian E.] USDA ARS, Genom & Bioinformat Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Sardos, Julie] Biovers Int, F-34397 Montpellier 5, France. [Ploetz, Randy] Univ Florida, Trop Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Irish, BM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Trop Agr Res Stn, 2200 Pedro Abizu Campos,Suite 201, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. EM Brian.Irish@ars.usda.gov OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2140 EP 2151 DI 10.2135/cropsci2014.02.0101 PG 12 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800025 ER PT J AU Pradhan, GP Xue, QW Jessup, KE Rudd, JC Liu, SY Devkota, RN Mahan, JR AF Pradhan, Gautam P. Xue, Qingwu Jessup, Kirk E. Rudd, Jackie C. Liu, Shuyu Devkota, Ravindra N. Mahan, James R. TI Cooler Canopy Contributes to Higher Yield and Drought Tolerance in New Wheat Cultivars SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE DEPRESSION; SPRING WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; TRAITS; STRESS; LEAF; REGISTRATION; ASSOCIATION; ENVIRONMENT; PLAINS AB Drought is an important abiotic stress limiting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield in the U. S. Southern High Plains. Although wheat breeding has improved drought tolerance in the area, the physiological traits conferring drought tolerance have not been well understood. Canopy temperature depression (CTD), the difference between air and canopy temperatures, has been suggested as a trait for identifying drought-tolerant genotypes. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a higher CTD is one of the reasons for higher yield in new drought-tolerant cultivars. Field experiments were conducted in five genotypes (TAM 111, TAM 112, TX86A5606, TX86A8072, and Dumas) under dryland conditions in 2009/2010, 2010/2011 and 2011/2012 seasons. The canopy temperature was measured continuously from late jointing to the middle of grain filling, using wireless infrared thermometers. Although CTD varied with sky conditions, growth stage, and time of day, the genotypic variation in CTD was consistent. In general, yield was positively correlated to daytime CTD whether the CTD was used from a single clear day or a season-long mean. However, including Dumas weakened the correlation under severe drought in 2012. The nighttime CTD was not correlated to yield. Two new cultivars (TAM 111 and TAM 112) had up to 2.7 degrees C higher CTD and 31% more yield than other genotypes. Therefore, cooler daytime canopy might be the reason for higher yield in the two new and drought-tolerant cultivars under drought conditions. Further studies are needed to understand the physiological bases of differences in CTD among genotypes. C1 [Pradhan, Gautam P.; Xue, Qingwu; Jessup, Kirk E.; Rudd, Jackie C.; Liu, Shuyu; Devkota, Ravindra N.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res Amarillo, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Mahan, James R.] USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Water Conservat Lab, Lubbock, TX 79145 USA. RP Xue, QW (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res Amarillo, 6500 Amarillo Blvd W, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. EM QXue@ag.tamu.edu FU Ogallala Aquifer Program; USDA Agricultural Research Service; Kansas State University; Texas A&M AgriLife Research; Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service; Texas Tech University; West Texas AM University; Texas Wheat Producers Board FX This research was partially supported by the Ogallala Aquifer Program, a consortium between USDA Agricultural Research Service, Kansas State University, Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, Texas Tech University, and West Texas A&M University. We also thank Texas Wheat Producers Board for partially supporting this study. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 23 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2275 EP 2284 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.11.0788 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800036 ER PT J AU Merewitz, E Belanger, F Warnke, S Huang, BR Bonos, S AF Merewitz, Emily Belanger, Faith Warnke, Scott Huang, Bingru Bonos, Stacy TI Quantitative Trait Loci Associated with Drought Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; CARBON-ISOTOPE DISCRIMINATION; AGROSTIS-STOLONIFERA L.; DOLLAR SPOT RESISTANCE; LOLIUM-PERENNE; LINKAGE MAP; MARKERS; STRESS; QTL; IDENTIFICATION AB Improvement in the drought tolerance of the cool-season perennial grass species creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.) has significant value within the turfgrass industry. Understanding genomic regions associated with quantitative trait loci (QTL) such as drought tolerance will allow for advancement of breeding strategies to identify creeping bentgrass germplasm with improved abiotic stress tolerance. A multiyear and multienvironment study was performed to identify QTL in a mapping population of creeping bentgrass segregating for phenotypic traits associated with drought tolerance. Phenotypic data was collected during two growth chamber studies and 2 yr of a field trial. The phenotypic traits that were measured included turf quality (TQ), relative water content (RWC), canopy temperature depression (CTD), osmotic adjustment (OA), electrolyte leakage (EL), chlorophyll content (CHL), water use efficiency (WUE), and the normalized difference vegetative index (NDVI). Quantitative trait loci were identified for all traits on both parental maps except for OA and EL. Quantitative trait loci were found within all linkage groups except for group 2 in both parents. The linkage group areas that had QTL with a significant amount of overlapping for multiple traits and trials included linkage group 5.2, 7.1, and 7.2 on the drought tolerant parent 'L-93' and groups 4.2 and 7.2 on the drought sensitive parent 7418-3. These and other QTL identified in this study have potential to be used in future studies that aim to more closely identify the genes associated with these QTL areas and for further investigation of their potential for use in marker-assisted selection practices. C1 [Merewitz, Emily] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Microbial Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Belanger, Faith; Huang, Bingru; Bonos, Stacy] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Warnke, Scott] USDA ARS, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Huang, BR (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. EM huang@aesop.rutgers.edu FU United States Golf Association; Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science; United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service FX Sincere thanks go to the United States Golf Association, Rutgers Center for Turfgrass Science, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service for funding this research. The authors also wish to thank Dave Jesperson and Yan Xu for assistance with phenotypical evaluation. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 22 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2314 EP 2324 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.12.0810 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800040 ER PT J AU Jensen, KB Harrison, P Chatterton, NJ Bushman, BS Creech, JE AF Jensen, Kevin B. Harrison, Phil Chatterton, N. Jerry Bushman, B. Shaun Creech, J. Earl TI Seasonal Trends in Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Cool- and Warm-season Grasses SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID WATER-SOLUBLE CARBOHYDRATE; TALL FESCUE CULTIVARS; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; FRUCTAN METABOLISM; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; FORAGE; GROWTH; LEAVES; TIME; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB While increases in nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) content of forages are generally considered advantageous, there are times during the growing season when grasses with increased NSC levels may not be the desired forage, particularly for horses (Equus caballus). Hence, there is a need to better understand carbohydrate trends across the growing season. This study evaluated 15 grass species from May to August (growth phase-1) and from September to November (growth phase-2) in northern Utah during 2004 and 2005 for sugars, fructans, water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), starch, and total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC). Sampling date and species had a significant effect on carbohydrate concentrations in cool-season grasses, with a lesser effect on warm-season grasses. Warm-season grasses had uniformly lesser sugar, fructan, WSC, and TNC concentrations than cool-season grasses; however, they had dry-matter yields (DMY) greater than cool-season grasses in August. If high TNC forage is desired, then, of the grasses examined, perennial ryegrass and timothy would be the species of choice for irrigated pastures. However, if forage lower in TNC is desired, then meadow bromegrass, which had the least overall sugar, fructan, WSC, starch, and TNC concentrations, would be best. On dryland pastures, Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda J. Presl.) and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum (Podp.) Z.-W. Liu and R.-C. Wang) had the least overall forage carbohydrates, while crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum (L.) Gaertn.) maintained its carbohydrate concentrations better on 3 August. Fructan concentrations contributed 54, 47, and 42% of the total WSC concentrations in perennial ryegrass, crested wheatgrass, and Kentucky bluegrass, respectively, compared to 26 and 29% in tall wheatgrass and creeping meadow foxtail, respectively. Water-soluble carbohydrates accounted for between 86 and 91% of the total TNC concentration in the cool-season grasses compared to 75 to 80% in the warm-season grasses. C1 [Jensen, Kevin B.; Harrison, Phil; Chatterton, N. Jerry; Bushman, B. Shaun] USDA ARS, Forage & Rangeland Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Creech, J. Earl] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Rangeland Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.jensen@ars.usda.gov RI Creech, Earl/J-9166-2015 NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 45 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X EI 1435-0653 J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 54 IS 5 BP 2328 EP 2340 DI 10.2135/cropsci2013.07.0465 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA AO6VJ UT WOS:000341489800042 ER PT J AU Parisien, MA Parks, SA Krawchuk, MA Little, JM Flannigan, MD Gowman, LM Moritz, MA AF Parisien, Marc-Andre Parks, Sean A. Krawchuk, Meg A. Little, John M. Flannigan, Mike D. Gowman, Lynn M. Moritz, Max A. TI An analysis of controls on fire activity in boreal Canada: comparing models built with different temporal resolutions SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE area burned; Canadian boreal forest; climate; ignitions; regression modeling; temporal scale; vegetation; wildfire; zero-inflated models ID CLIMATE-CHANGE EXPERIMENTS; NORTH-AMERICA; FOREST-FIRES; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; REGIME ZONATION; EASTERN CANADA; UNITED-STATES; WILDFIRE; AREA AB Fire regimes of the Canadian boreal forest are driven by certain environmental factors that are highly variable from year to year (e.g., temperature, precipitation) and others that are relatively stable (e.g., land cover, topography). Studies examining the relative influence of these environmental drivers on fire activity suggest that models making explicit use of interannual variability appear to better capture years of climate extremes, whereas those using a temporal average of all available years highlight the importance of land-cover variables. It has been suggested that fire models built at different temporal resolutions may provide a complementary understanding of controls on fire regimes, but this claim has not been tested explicitly with parallel data and modeling approaches. We addressed this issue by building two models of area burned for the period 1980-2010 using 14 explanatory variables to describe ignitions, vegetation, climate, and topography. We built one model at an annual resolution, with climate and some land-cover variables being updated annually, and the other model using 31-year fire "climatology'' based on averaged variables. Despite substantial differences in the variables' contributions to the two models, their predictions were broadly similar, which suggests coherence between the spatial patterns of annually varying climate extremes and long-term climate normals. Where the models' predictions diverged, discrepancies between the annual and averaged models could be attributed to specific explanatory variables. For instance, annually updating land cover allowed us to identify a possible negative feedback between flammable biomass and fire activity. These results show that building models at more than one temporal resolution affords a deeper understanding of controls on fire activity in boreal Canada than can be achieved by examining a single model. However, in terms of spatial predictions, the additional effort required to build annual models of fire activity may not always be warranted in this study area. From a management and policy standpoint, this key finding should boost confidence in models that incorporate climatic normals, thereby providing a stronger foundation on which to make decisions on adaptation and mitigation strategies for future fire activity. C1 [Parisien, Marc-Andre; Little, John M.] Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, Edmonton, AB T6H3S5, Canada. [Parisien, Marc-Andre; Flannigan, Mike D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Western Partnership Wildland Fire Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada. [Parks, Sean A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, USDA, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Krawchuk, Meg A.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Gowman, Lynn M.] Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Moritz, Max A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Parisien, MA (reprint author), Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, No Forestry Ctr, 5320 122nd St, Edmonton, AB T6H3S5, Canada. EM Marc-Andre.Parisien@NRCan-RNCan.gc.ca NR 89 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 29 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1341 EP 1356 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO9YE UT WOS:000341715800008 ER PT J AU Webb, NP Herrick, JE Duniway, MC AF Webb, Nicholas P. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Duniway, Michael C. TI Ecological site-based assessments of wind and water erosion: informing accelerated soil erosion management in rangelands SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE accelerated soil erosion; aeolian; agriculture; anthropogenic dust; dryland; land use change; state-and-transition models; sustainability; threshold ID GRAZING LAND MANAGEMENT; SEMIARID LANDSCAPES; ALTERNATIVE STATES; TRANSITION MODELS; DESERT GRASSLAND; VEGETATION COVER; MOJAVE DESERT; IMPACTS; ERODIBILITY; ECOSYSTEMS AB Accelerated soil erosion occurs when anthropogenic processes modify soil, vegetation, or climatic conditions causing erosion rates at a location to exceed their natural variability. Identifying where and when accelerated erosion occurs is a critical first step toward its effective management. Here we explored how erosion assessments structured in the context of ecological sites (a land classification based on soils, landscape setting, and ecological potential) and their vegetation states (plant assemblages that may change due to management) can inform systems for reducing accelerated soil erosion in rangelands. We evaluated aeolian horizontal sediment flux and fluvial sediment erosion rates for five ecological sites in southern New Mexico, USA, using monitoring data and rangeland-specific wind and water erosion models. Across the ecological sites, plots in shrub-encroached and shrub-dominated vegetation states were consistently susceptible to aeolian sediment flux and fluvial sediment erosion. Both processes were found to be highly variable for grassland and grass-succulent states across the ecological sites at the plot scale (0.25 ha). We identified vegetation thresholds that define cover levels below which rapid (exponential) increases in aeolian sediment flux and fluvial sediment erosion occur across the ecological sites and vegetation states. Aeolian sediment flux and fluvial erosion in the study area could be effectively controlled when bare ground cover was <20% of a site or the cover of canopy interspaces >100 cm in length was less than similar to 35%. Land use and management activities that alter cover levels such that they cross thresholds, and/or drive vegetation state changes, may increase the susceptibility of areas to erosion. Land use impacts that are constrained within the range of natural variability should not result in accelerated soil erosion. Evaluating land condition against the erosion thresholds identified here will enable identification of areas susceptible to accelerated soil erosion and the development of practical management solutions. C1 [Webb, Nicholas P.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC JER 3, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA. RP Webb, NP (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC JER 3, Box 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM nwebb@nmsu.edu FU Bureau of Land Management; Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Agricultural Research Service); Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Natural Resources Conservation Service) FX We are grateful to the Jornada field crew for their assistance in data collection and especially to Ericha Courtright and Justin Van Zee for coordination. We thank Greg Okin and Mark Nearing for providing the soil erosion models WEMO and RHEM and advice on model application, and Darren James for assistance with the statistical analysis. This research was funded by the Bureau of Land Management with support from the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 38 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1405 EP 1420 PG 16 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO9YE UT WOS:000341715800012 ER PT J AU Browning, DM Franklin, J Archer, SR Gillan, JK Guertin, DP AF Browning, Dawn M. Franklin, Janet Archer, Steven R. Gillan, Jeffrey K. Guertin, D. Phillip TI Spatial patterns of grassland-shrubland state transitions: a 74-year record on grazed and protected areas SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE LISA; livestock exclusion; mesquite; Moran's I; pair correlation function; point pattern analysis; Prosopis velutina; Ripley's K; Sonoran Desert; spatial autocorrelation; spatial ecology ID DESERT PLANT COMMUNITY; LARREA-TRIDENTATA; VEGETATION CHANGE; GRAZING SYSTEMS; POINT PATTERNS; HONEY MESQUITE; SOIL; COMPETITION; ENCROACHMENT; SAVANNAS AB Tree and shrub abundance has increased in many grasslands causing changes in ecosystem carbon and nitrogen pools that are related to patterns of woody plant distribution. However, with regard to spatial patterns of shrub proliferation, little is known about how they are influenced by grazing or the extent to which they are influenced by intraspecific interactions. We addressed these questions by quantifying changes in the spatial distribution of Prosopis velutina (mesquite) shrubs over 74 years on grazed and protected grasslands. Livestock are effective agents of mesquite dispersal and mesquite plants have lateral roots extending well beyond the canopy. We therefore hypothesized that mesquite distributions would be random on grazed areas mainly due to cattle dispersion and clustered on protected areas due to decreased dispersal and interspecific interference with grasses; and that clustered or random distributions at early stages of encroachment would give way to regular distributions as stands matured and density-dependent interactions intensified. Assessments in 1932, 1948, and 2006 supported the first hypothesis, but we found no support for the second. In fact, clustering intensified with time on the protected area and the pattern remained random on the grazed site. Although shrub density increased on both areas between 1932 and 2006, we saw no progression toward a regular distribution indicative of density-dependent interactions. We propose that processes related to seed dispersal, grass-shrub seedling interactions, and hydrological constraints on shrub size interact to determine vegetation structure in grassland-to-shrubland state changes with implications for ecosystem function and management. C1 [Browning, Dawn M.; Gillan, Jeffrey K.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Browning, Dawn M.; Archer, Steven R.; Guertin, D. Phillip] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Franklin, Janet] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Browning, DM (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, POB 30003,MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM dbrownin@nmsu.edu FU U.S. EPA STAR Graduate Fellowship [FP-91637801-3]; NSF [DEB-0824708, DEB-9981723]; NASA [NAG5-11238] FX We acknowledge the extraordinary legacy of W. McGinnies and G. Glendening. Historic maps were provided by the SRER Archive Database at the University of Arizona. Funding was provided through the U.S. EPA STAR Graduate Fellowship FP-91637801-3 to D. M. Browning, NSF grant DEB-0824708 to J. Franklin, and NASA grant NAG5-11238 and NSF grant DEB-9981723 to S. R. Archer. U.S. EPA has not officially endorsed this publication and the views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the U.S. EPA, NSF, or NASA. We thank K. Predick, M. McClaran, K. Havstad, J. Brown, J. Karl, and S. J. Rey for helpful comments and insightful discussions. We thank two anonymous reviewers who provided thoughtful feedback that improved the clarity of the manuscript. NR 81 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 10 U2 66 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1421 EP 1433 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO9YE UT WOS:000341715800013 ER PT J AU Shirk, AJ Raphael, MG Cushman, SA AF Shirk, Andrew J. Raphael, Martin G. Cushman, Samuel A. TI Spatiotemporal variation in resource selection: insights from the American marten (Martes americana) SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE American marten; canopy cover; forest fragmentation; limiting factor; Martes americana; mesic vs. xeric habitat; meta-replication; Pacific Northwest, USA; resource selection function; riparian habitat; scale ID HABITAT SELECTION; LANDSCAPE PATTERN; INDUSTRIAL FOREST; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; NATIONAL-PARK; ECOLOGY; REPLICATION; SUITABILITY; ACCURACY; MAINE AB Behavioral and genetic adaptations to spatiotemporal variation in habitat conditions allow species to maximize their biogeographic range and persist over time in dynamic environments. An understanding of these local adaptations can be used to guide management and conservation of populations over broad extents encompassing diverse habitats. This understanding is often achieved by identifying covariates related to species' occurrence in multiple independent studies conducted in relevant habitats and seasons. However, synthesis across studies is made difficult by differences in the model covariates evaluated and analytical frameworks employed. Furthermore, inferences may be confounded by spatiotemporal variation in which habitat attributes are limiting to the species' ecological requirements. In this study, we sought to quantify spatiotemporal variation in resource selection by the American marten (Martes americana) in forest ecosystems of the Pacific Northwest, USA. We developed resource selection functions for both summer and winter based on occurrence data collected in mesic and xeric forest habitats. Use of a consistent analytical framework facilitated comparisons. Habitat attributes predicting marten occurrence differed strongly between the two study areas, but not between seasons. Moreover, the spatial scale over which covariates were calculated greatly influenced their predictive power. In the mesic environment, marten resource selection was strongly tied to riparian habitats, whereas in the xeric environment, marten responded primarily to canopy cover and forest fragmentation. These differences in covariates associated with marten occurrence reflect differences in which factors were limiting to marten ecology in each study area, as well as local adaptations to habitat variability. Our results highlight the benefit of controlled meta-replication studies in which analyses of multiple study areas and seasons at varying spatial scales are integrated into a single framework. C1 [Shirk, Andrew J.] Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Raphael, Martin G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Shirk, AJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Box 355672, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM ashirk@uw.edu FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station; National Council for Air and Stream Improvement; Weyerhauser Corporation FX Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station, the National Council for Air and Stream Improvement, and the Weyerhauser Corporation. We thank staff of the Mount Baker and Winema National Forests for logistical help. Larry Jones led the field crews and we thank those crews for their efforts. We appreciate comments on earlier drafts from Ashley Steele. NR 51 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 61 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1434 EP 1444 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO9YE UT WOS:000341715800014 ER PT J AU Wood, EM Pidgeon, AM Radeloff, VC Helmers, D Culbert, PD Keuler, NS Flather, CH AF Wood, Eric M. Pidgeon, Anna M. Radeloff, Volker C. Helmers, David Culbert, Patrick D. Keuler, Nicholas S. Flather, Curtis H. TI Housing development erodes avian community structure in U.S. protected areas SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE avian abundance; avian richness; biodiversity; housing density; inholding; land cover; private land; public land ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; SPECIES RICHNESS; LAND-COVER; CONSERVATION EASEMENTS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; FOREST FRAGMENTATION; EXURBAN DEVELOPMENT; HUMAN-POPULATION; MIGRATORY BIRDS AB Protected areas are a cornerstone for biodiversity conservation, but they also provide amenities that attract housing development on inholdings and adjacent private lands. We explored how this development affects biodiversity within and near protected areas among six ecological regions throughout the United States. We quantified the effect of housing density within, at the boundary, and outside protected areas, and natural land cover within protected areas, on the proportional abundance and proportional richness of three avian guilds within protected areas. We developed three guilds from the North American Breeding Bird Survey, which included Species of Greatest Conservation Need, land cover affiliates (e.g., forest breeders), and synanthropic species associated with urban environments. We gathered housing density data for the year 2000 from the U.S. Census Bureau, and centered the bird data on this year. We obtained land cover data from the 2001 National Land Cover Database, and we used single-and multiple-variable analyses to address our research question. In all regions, housing density within protected areas was positively associated with the proportional abundance or proportional richness of synanthropes, and negatively associated with the proportional abundance or proportional richness of Species of Greatest Conservation Need. These relationships were strongest in the eastern forested regions and the central grasslands, where more than 70% and 45%, respectively, of the variation in the proportional abundance of synanthropes and Species of Greatest Conservation Need were explained by housing within protected areas. Furthermore, in most regions, housing density outside protected areas was positively associated with the proportional abundance or proportional richness of synanthropes and negatively associated with the proportional abundance of land cover affiliates and Species of Greatest Conservation Need within protected areas. However, these effects were weaker than housing within protected areas. Natural land cover was high with little variability within protected areas, and consequently, was less influential than housing density within or outside protected areas explaining the proportional abundance or proportional richness of the avian guilds. Our results indicate that housing development within, at the boundary, and outside protected areas impacts avian community structure within protected areas throughout the United States. C1 [Wood, Eric M.; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Radeloff, Volker C.; Helmers, David; Culbert, Patrick D.; Keuler, Nicholas S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Keuler, Nicholas S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Wood, EM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM emwood@wisc.edu RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016; Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 FU U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station; NASA Biodiversity Program FX We gratefully acknowledge support for this research by the U.S. Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station and the NASA Biodiversity Program. We thank the volunteers who have collected Breeding Bird Survey and housing census data that made this study possible. We thank S. Martinuzzi and three anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved the manuscript. NR 89 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 61 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1051-0761 EI 1939-5582 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 24 IS 6 BP 1445 EP 1462 PG 18 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AO9YE UT WOS:000341715800015 ER PT J AU Bruns, E Carson, ML May, G AF Bruns, Emily Carson, Martin L. May, Georgiana TI THE JACK OF ALL TRADES IS MASTER OF NONE: A PATHOGEN'S ABILITY TO INFECT A GREATER NUMBER OF HOST GENOTYPES COMES AT A COST OF DELAYED REPRODUCTION SO EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Gene for gene; host range; life history; Puccinia coronata; trade-offs; virulence ID GENE-FOR-GENE; OAT CROWN RUST; F-SP AVENAE; DENSITY-DEPENDENT FITNESS; DISEASE RESISTANCE GENES; WHEAT LEAF RUST; PUCCINIA-CORONATA; UNITED-STATES; PARASITE INTERACTIONS; ANTAGONISTIC COEVOLUTION AB A trade-off between a pathogen's ability to infect many hosts and its reproductive capacity on each host genotype is predicted to limit the evolution of an expanded host range, yet few empirical results provide evidence for the magnitude of such trade-offs. Here, we test the hypothesis for a trade-off between the number of host genotypes that a fungal pathogen can infect (host genotype range) and its reproductive capacity on susceptible plant hosts. We used strains of the oat crown rust fungus that carried widely varying numbers of virulence (avr) alleles known to determine host genotype range. We quantified total spore production and the expression of four pathogen life-history stages: infection efficiency, time until reproduction, pustule size, and spore production per pustule. In support of the trade-off hypothesis, we found that virulence level, the number of avr alleles per pathogen strain, was correlated with significant delays in the onset of reproduction and with smaller pustule sizes. Modeling from our results, we conclude that trade-offs have the capacity to constrain the evolution of host genotype range in local populations. In contrast, long-term trends in virulence level suggest that the continued deployment of resistant host lines over wide regions of the United States has generated selection for increased host genotype range. C1 [Bruns, Emily; May, Georgiana] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Carson, Martin L.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bruns, E (reprint author), Univ Virginia, Dept Biol, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA. EM elb5m@virginia.edu FU Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station [MIN-71-024]; Department of Plant Biology at the University of Minnesota; Center for Community Genetics at the University of Minnesota FX We greatly thank R. Shaw and P. Tiffin for input and assistance with statistical data analyses and extensive comments on early drafts of the manuscript. We thank L. Kinkel, Associate Editor S. Remold, and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on the manuscript. We also thank G. Ochocki at the USDA Cereal Disease Lab and P. Warnke at the University of Minnesota Plant Growth Facility for their technical assistance growing and maintaining oat plants and crown rust, and J. Beni, M. Dixon, D. Halas, K. Lee, P. Lenz, K. McCleary, P. Nelson, G. Quiram, and A. Rodriguez Estrada for help with inoculating and monitoring disease development. We thank the MN Supercomputing Institute for computing resources. The work was funded by a Hatch Grant (MIN-71-024) from the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and Department of Plant Biology at the University of Minnesota, and by the Center for Community Genetics at the University of Minnesota. The authors declare they have no competing interests. All authors made substantial contributions and fit the criteria for authorship. All authors have read and agreed upon the final manuscript. NR 94 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 7 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0014-3820 EI 1558-5646 J9 EVOLUTION JI Evolution PD SEP PY 2014 VL 68 IS 9 BP 2453 EP 2466 DI 10.1111/evo.12461 PG 14 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AP1JC UT WOS:000341824100001 PM 24890322 ER PT J AU Schneider, JF Nonneman, DJ Wiedmann, RT Vallet, JL Rohrer, GA AF Schneider, J. F. Nonneman, D. J. Wiedmann, R. T. Vallet, J. L. Rohrer, G. A. TI Genomewide association and identification of candidate genes for ovulation rate in swine SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bayes; genomewide association studies; genomic; ovulation rate; single nucleotide polymorphism; swine ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR LOCUS; LARGE WHITE; REPRODUCTIVE TRAITS; WIDE ASSOCIATION; LITTER SIZE; UTERINE CAPACITY; IN-VIVO; PIGS; EXPRESSION AB Reproductive efficiency has a great impact on the economic success of pork production. Ovulation rate is an early component of reproduction efficiency and contributes to the number of pigs born in a litter. To better understand the underlying genetics of ovulation rate, a genomewide association study was undertaken. Samples of DNA were collected and tested using the Illumina Porcine SNP60 BeadChip from 1,180 females with ovulation measurements ranging from never farrowed to measurements taken after parity 2. A total of 41,848 SNP were tested using the Bayes C option of GenSel. After the Bayes C analysis, SNP were assigned to sliding windows of 5 consecutive SNP by chromosome-position order beginning with the first 5 SNP on SSC1 and ending with the last 5 SNP on SSCX. The 5-SNP windows were analyzed using the Predict option of GenSel. From the Predict analysis, putative QTL were selected having no overlap with other 5-SNP window groups, no overlap across chromosomes, and the highest genetic variation. These putative QTL were submitted to statistical testing using the bootstrap option of GenSel. Of the putative QTL tested, 80 were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.01). Ten QTL were found on SSC1, 12 on SSC2, 4 on SSC3, 8 on SSC4, 3 on SSC5, 3 on SSC6, 3 on SSC7, 4 on SSC8, 2 on SSC9, 4 on SSC10, 1 on SSC12, 4 on SSC13, 2 on SSC14, 4 on SSC15, 4 on SSC16, 6 on SSC17, 4 on SSC18, and 1 on SSCX. Sixteen QTL were found to be statistically significant at the P < 0.001 level. Six additional QTL were significant at the P = 0.001 level. These 22 QTL accounted for 71.10% of the total genetic variance. The most compelling candidate genes in these regions include Estrogen receptor 1, growth differentiation factor 9, and inhibin beta A. These QTL, when combined with information on genes found in the same regions, should provide useful information that could be used for marker assisted selection, marker assisted management, or genomic selection applications in commercial pig populations. C1 [Schneider, J. F.; Nonneman, D. J.; Wiedmann, R. T.; Vallet, J. L.; Rohrer, G. A.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Rohrer, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Gary.Rohrer@ARS.USDA.Gov NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 92 IS 9 BP 3792 EP 3803 DI 10.2527/jas2014-7788 PG 12 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO9OL UT WOS:000341685000003 PM 24987066 ER PT J AU Emenheiser, JC Tait, RG Shackelford, SD Kuehn, LA Wheeler, TL Notter, DR Lewis, RM AF Emenheiser, J. C. Tait, R. G., Jr. Shackelford, S. D. Kuehn, L. A. Wheeler, T. L. Notter, D. R. Lewis, R. M. TI Use of ultrasound scanning and body condition score to evaluate composition traits in mature beef cows SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE body condition score; beef cow; carcass; composition; ultrasound; validation ID RETAIL PRODUCT; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE; MUSCLE AREA; CATTLE; LIVE; PREDICTION; PERCENTAGE; WEIGHT; YIELD AB The experiment was designed to validate the use of ultrasound to evaluate body composition in mature beef cows. Both precision and accuracy of measurement were assessed. Cull cows (n = 87) selected for highly variable fatness were used. Two experienced ultrasound technicians scanned and assigned BCS to each cow on 2 consecutive days. Ultrasound traits were backfat thickness (UBFT), LM area (ULMA), body wall thickness (UBWT), rump fat depth (URFD), rump muscle depth (URMD), and intramuscular fat (UIMF; %). Cows were then harvested. Carcass traits were HCW, backfat thickness (CBFT), LM area (CLMA), body wall thickness (CBWT), and marbling score (CMS). Correlations between consecutive live measurements were greatest for subcutaneous fat (r > 0.94) and lower for BCS (r > 0.74) and URMD (r > 0.66). Repeatability bias differed from 0 for only 1 technician for URMD and UIMF (P < 0.01). Technicians differed in repeatability SE for only ULMA (P < 0.05). Correlations between live and carcass measurements were high for backfat and body wall thickness (r > 0.90) and slightly less for intramuscular fat and LM area (r = 0.74 to 0.79). Both technicians underestimated all carcass traits with ultrasound, but only CBFT and CBWT prediction bias differed from 0 (P < 0.05). Technicians had similar prediction SE for all traits (P > 0.05). Technician effects generally explained <1% of the total variation in precision. After accounting for technician, animal effects explained 50.4% of remaining variation in differences between repeated BCS (P < 0.0001) but were minimal for scan differences. When cows with mean BCS <4 or >7 were removed, the portion of remaining variation between repeated measurements defined by animal effects increased for most traits and was significant for UBFT and URFD (P = 0.03). Technician effects explained trivial variation in accuracy (P > 0.24). Animal effects explained 87.2, 75.2, and 81.7% (P < 0.0001) of variation remaining for CBFT, CLMA, and CBWT prediction error, respectively, and remained large and highly important (P < 0.0001) when only considering cows with BCS from 4 to 7. We conclude that experienced ultrasound technicians can precisely and accurately measure traits indicative of composition in mature beef cows. However, animal differences define substantial variation in scan differences and, especially, prediction errors. Implications for technician certification, carcass pricing, and genetic evaluation are discussed. C1 [Emenheiser, J. C.; Notter, D. R.; Lewis, R. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Tait, R. G., Jr.; Shackelford, S. D.; Kuehn, L. A.; Wheeler, T. L.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Emenheiser, JC (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM rlewis5@unl.edu NR 20 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 12 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 92 IS 9 BP 3868 EP 3877 DI 10.2527/jas2014-7920 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO9OL UT WOS:000341685000011 PM 25057026 ER PT J AU Hales, KE Shackelford, SD Wells, JE King, DA Hayes, MD Brown-Brandl, TM Kuehn, LA Freetly, HC Wheeler, TL AF Hales, K. E. Shackelford, S. D. Wells, J. E. King, D. A. Hayes, M. D. Brown-Brandl, T. M. Kuehn, L. A. Freetly, H. C. Wheeler, T. L. TI Effects of feeding dry-rolled corn-based diets with and without wet distillers grains with solubles and zilpaterol hydrochloride on performance, carcass characteristics, and heat stress in finishing beef steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beta-agonist; carcass quality; finishing cattle; heat stress ID FEEDLOT CATTLE; BY-PRODUCTS; RUMINANTS; ENERGY; DURATION; INDUSTRY; SORGHUM; AREA AB Zilpaterol hydrochloride (ZH) has been approved for use since 2006; however, there is no research on any interactions between ZH and coproducts. Additionally, there is no published information on the potential effects of ZH on heat stress in feedlot cattle. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to determine the effects of feeding dry-rolled corn (DRC)-based diets with and without wet distillers grains with solubles (WDGS) and ZH on performance, carcass characteristics, and heat stress in feedlot cattle. Four hundred thirty-eight steers were used in a randomized complete block design with a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments in 16 pens with 26 to 28 steers in each pen. Factors consisted of inclusion of 0 or 30% (on a DM basis) WDGS and inclusion of ZH at 0 or 84 mg/steer daily for 21 d at the end of the finishing period. Therefore, cattle were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of the resulting 4 treatment combinations: 1) DRC-based diet with 0% WDGS and 84 mg/steer ZH, 2) DRC-based diet with 0% WDGS and no ZH, 3) DRC-based diet with 30% WDGS and 84 mg/steer of ZH, and 4) DRC-based diet with 30% WDGS and no ZH. Final live BW, carcass-adjusted BW, ADG, and G: F were greater for cattle fed ZH than non-ZH-fed cattle (P < 0.01). Additionally, cattle fed ZH consumed 7.4% less DM than cattle not fed ZH (P < 0.01). Cattle fed ZH for 21 d also had a 2.9% greater HCW (P < 0.01), a 1.1% greater dressing percentage (P < 0.01), 7.3% greater LM area (P < 0.01), and an 8.4% improvement in yield grade (P < 0.01) than cattle not fed ZH. For the main effect of WDGS inclusion, ADG was greater for cattle fed 0 vs. 30% WDGS (P = 0.04) and G: F also tended to be greater for cattle fed 0 vs. 30% WDGS (P = 0.07) for the 21-d ZH feeding period. However, when evaluated over the entire experiment, cattle fed 30 vs. 0% WDGS had a greater ADG and G: F (P < 0.01). Furthermore, cattle fed 30 vs. 0% WDGS had a greater dressing percentage and tended to have a greater amount of 12th rib fat (P < 0.07). Heat stress measurements were collected during the time cattle were fed ZH, from May 31 to July 12, 2013. The slopes for change in respiration rate and panting score per day were positive but were not different across dietary treatments (P > 0.71); in addition, the slopes for change in respiration rate and panting score when accounting for environmental conditions were positive but were not different across dietary treatments (P > 0.32). C1 [Hales, K. E.; Shackelford, S. D.; Wells, J. E.; King, D. A.; Hayes, M. D.; Brown-Brandl, T. M.; Kuehn, L. A.; Freetly, H. C.; Wheeler, T. L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Hales, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM Kristin.Hales@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 92 IS 9 BP 4023 EP 4033 DI 10.2527/jas2014-7638 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO9OL UT WOS:000341685000027 PM 25023799 ER PT J AU Ponce, CH Brown, MS Osterstock, JB Cole, NA Lawrence, TE Soto-Navarro, S MacDonald, J Lambert, BD Maxwell, C AF Ponce, C. H. Brown, M. S. Osterstock, J. B. Cole, N. A. Lawrence, T. E. Soto-Navarro, S. MacDonald, J. Lambert, B. D. Maxwell, C. TI Effects of wet corn distillers grains with solubles on visceral organ mass, trace mineral status, and polioencephalomalacia biomarkers of individually-fed cattle SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE polioencephalomalacia; trace minerals; visceral organ mass; wet distillers grains with solubles ID HYDROGEN-SULFIDE TOXICITY; FASTING HEAT-PRODUCTION; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; FEEDLOT CATTLE; MEAT QUALITY; BEEF-CATTLE; SULFUR AB Twenty-four steers (initial BW = 385 +/- 1.1 kg) were blocked by BW and randomly assigned to 3 dietary treatments (0, 30, or 60% wet distillers grains with solubles [WDGS]; DM basis) and were fed individually to determine the effect of WDGS on live growth and carcass performance, visceral organ mass, trace mineral status, and polioencephalomalacia biomarkers. Steers were slaughtered at 125, 150, 164, and 192 d (2 blocks/slaughter date) when external fat depth was approximately 1.3 cm based on visual appraisal. Steers fed 30% WDGS had greater DMI than those fed 0 or 60% WDGS (P < 0.05), and steers fed 60% WDGS had the lowest carcass-adjusted ADG (P < 0.09) of the 3 treatments. Nonetheless, WDGS concentration did not alter feed efficiency (P > 0.41) on either live or carcass-adjusted basis. Steers fed 30% WDGS had greater liver S and Mn concentrations (DM basis) and lower liver Fe concentrations than control steers (P < 0.10; initial values used as a covariate), and feeding 60% WDGS decreased liver Cu and increased liver Fe (P < 0.10) compared with feeding 30% WDGS. Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity in brain tissue tended to be decreased with 60 vs. 30% WDGS (P = 0.12), and COX activity decreased linearly (P = 0.06) in lung tissue as dietary WDGS concentration increased. Likewise, gut fill linearly increased (P = 0.01) with increasing WDGS concentration. Feeding 30% WDGS increased fractional mass (g/kg of empty BW) of the small intestine (P < 0.10) compared with controls, whereas 60% WDGS increased fractional kidney mass (P < 0.10) compared with 30% WDGS. Overall, results suggest that gut fill, Cu status, and COX activity seem to be compromised by WDGS when fed at 60% of diet DM in diets based on steam-flaked corn, which suggests a greater susceptibility to polioencephalomalacia. C1 [Ponce, C. H.; Brown, M. S.; Lawrence, T. E.; Maxwell, C.] West Texas A&M Univ, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. [Osterstock, J. B.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Amarillo, TX USA. [Cole, N. A.] USDA ARS, Bushland, TX USA. [Soto-Navarro, S.] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [MacDonald, J.] Tarleton State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Stephenville, TX USA. [Lambert, B. D.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Stephenville, TX USA. RP Brown, MS (reprint author), West Texas A&M Univ, Canyon, TX 79016 USA. EM msbrown@gapinc-usa.com FU Texas Cattle Feeders Association FX Supported in part by a grant from the Texas Cattle Feeders Association. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 92 IS 9 BP 4034 EP 4046 DI 10.2527/jas2014-7695 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO9OL UT WOS:000341685000028 PM 25023807 ER PT J AU Weber, TE van Sambeek, DM Gabler, NK Kerr, BJ Moreland, S Johal, S Edmonds, MS AF Weber, T. E. van Sambeek, D. M. Gabler, N. K. Kerr, B. J. Moreland, S. Johal, S. Edmonds, M. S. TI Effects of dietary humic and butyric acid on growth performance and response to lipopolysaccharide in young pigs SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE humic acid; inflammation; pig; protected butyric acid ID RESIDUAL FEED-INTAKE; PORCINE ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GROWING PIGS; IN-VIVO; EXPRESSION; INFLAMMATION; SELECTION; SUPPLEMENTATION; SUBSTANCES; ACTIVATION AB Humic acid (MFG) and fat-protected butyric acid (BA) has been shown to modulate energy metabolism and inflammation. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine the effects of MFG and BA, alone and in combination, on growth performance and response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in young pigs. An experiment was conducted using 448 crossbred weanling pigs, which were stratified by gender and BW and were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement consisting of control and MFG with or without BA. The pigs were housed at a density of 8 pigs/pen and with 14 pens/dietary treatment. Growth performance and feed intake were assessed for 35 d. To assess the inflammation-related properties of MFG and BA, on d 36 a subset of 48 pigs from each treatment was intramuscular injected with either sterile saline or Escherichia coli LPS (20 mu g/kg BW; E. coli serotype O55:B5) for 4 h in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement (+/- LPS, +/- MFG and +/- BA; n = 6 pigs/treatment group) to assess their febrile response as well as serum, liver, and muscle cytokine responses. Results from this study showed that neither BA nor MFG alone or in combination altered pig ADG, ADFI, and G: F. Moreover, in the presence of LPS, the combination of MFG and BA resulted in a 62% decrease (P = 0.08) in serum cortisol compared to when neither compound was added to the diet. In contrast, serum IGF-I was increased (P < 0.01) by 59% from the use of both MFG and BA, as opposed to when neither was added, with pigs subjected to LPS. However, both MFG and BA inclusion appear to have a complex role in modulating different aspects of the immune response to LPS, particularly when both are fed in combination. Humic acid also appeared to play a role in decreasing oxidative stress. C1 [Weber, T. E.; van Sambeek, D. M.; Gabler, N. K.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kerr, B. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moreland, S.] Nutriad Inc, Elgin, IL 60123 USA. [Johal, S.] Grain Proc Corp, Muscatine, IA 52761 USA. [Edmonds, M. S.] Kent Nutr Grp, Muscatine, IA 52761 USA. RP Kerr, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM brian.kerr@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 23 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CHAMPAIGN PA PO BOX 7410, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61826-7410 USA SN 0021-8812 EI 1525-3163 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 92 IS 9 BP 4172 EP 4179 DI 10.2527/jas2013-7402 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO9OL UT WOS:000341685000044 PM 25023805 ER PT J AU Wang, B Khir, R Pan, ZL El-Mashad, H Atungulu, GG Ma, HL McHugh, TH Qu, WJ Wu, BG AF Wang, Bei Khir, Ragab Pan, Zhongli El-Mashad, Hamed Atungulu, Griffiths G. Ma, Haile McHugh, Tara H. Qu, Wenjuan Wu, Bengang TI Effective Disinfection of Rough Rice Using Infrared Radiation Heating SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; INACTIVATION; IRRADIATION; QUALITY; PADDY; FUNGI AB The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of infrared (IR) heating and tempering treatments on disinfection of Aspergillus flavus in freshly harvested rough rice and storage rice. Rice samples with initial moisture contents (IMCs) of 14.1 to 27.0% (wet basis) were infected with A. flavus spores before the tests. The infected samples were heated by IR radiation to 60 degrees C in less than 1 min, and then samples were tempered at 60 degrees C for 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, or 120 min. High heating rates and corresponding high levels of moisture removal were achieved using IR heating. The highest total moisture removal was 5.3% for the fresh rice with an IMC of 27.0% after IR heating and then 120 min of tempering. IR heating followed by tempering for 120 min resulted in 2.5- and 8.3-log reductions of A. flavus spores in rough rice with the lowest and highest IMCs, respectively. To study the effect on disinfection of rewetting dried storage rice, the surface of the dry rice was rewetted to achieve IMCs of 14.7 to 19.4% (wet basis). The rewetting process for the dry rice had a significant effect on disinfection. IR heating followed by tempering for 60 min resulted in 7.2-log reductions in A. flavus on rewetted rough rice. The log-linear plus tail model was applied to estimate the tempering time needed to achieve a 5-log reduction of A. flavus in rice of different IMCs. At least 30 and 20 min of tempering were needed for fresh rice and rewetted rice, respectively, with the highest IMCs. The recommended conditions of simultaneous disinfection and drying for fresh rice was IR heating to 60 degrees C followed by tempering for 120 min and natural cooling, resulting in a final MC of 16.5 to 22.0%, depending on the IMC. For the rewetted dry rice with an IMC of 19.4%, the recommended condition for disinfection and drying involved only 20 min of tempering. The final MC of the sample was 13.8%, which is a safe MC for storage rice. C1 [Wang, Bei; Ma, Haile; Qu, Wenjuan; Wu, Bengang] Jiangsu Univ, Sch Food & Biol Engn, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Wang, Bei; Khir, Ragab; Pan, Zhongli; El-Mashad, Hamed; Atungulu, Griffiths G.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Khir, Ragab] Suez Canal Univ, Dept Agr Engn, Fac Agr, Ismailia 41522, Egypt. [Pan, Zhongli; McHugh, Tara H.] ARS, Healthy Proc Foods Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Pan, ZL (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM zhongli.pan@ars.usda.gov FU Commonweal Guild Agricultural Scientific Research Project of China [201003077]; International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu [BZ20125052]; Program Sponsored for Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduate in Jiangsu Province [CXZZ12 0699] FX The authors thank the Farmer's Rice Cooperative for supplying rice samples and Dr. Noreen Mahoney (USDA, ARS, Western Regional Research Center [WRRC]) for supplying the A. flavus strain. They also acknowledge support by the Commonweal Guild Agricultural Scientific Research Project of China (201003077), the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of Jiangsu (BZ20125052), and the Program Sponsored for Scientific Innovation Research of College Graduate in Jiangsu Province (CXZZ12 0699). This research was conducted at the University of California, Davis, and the WRRC. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 77 IS 9 BP 1538 EP 1545 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-020 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AP1UE UT WOS:000341856300011 PM 25198845 ER PT J AU Ortega-Beltran, A Guerrero-Herrera, MDJ Ortega-Corona, A Vidal-Martinez, VA Cotty, PJ AF Ortega-Beltran, Alejandro Guerrero-Herrera, Manuel D. J. Ortega-Corona, Alejandro Vidal-Martinez, Victor A. Cotty, Peter J. TI Susceptibility to Aflatoxin Contamination among Maize Landraces from Mexico SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; GERMPLASM LINE; UNITED-STATES; RESISTANCE; ACCUMULATION; REGISTRATION; DIVERSITY; INFECTION; CORN AB Maize, the critical staple food for billions of people, was domesticated in Mexico about 9,000 YBP. Today, a great array of maize landraces (MLRs) across rural Mexico is harbored in a living library that has been passed among generations since before the establishment of the modern state. MLRs have been selected over hundreds of generations by ethnic groups for adaptation to diverse environmental settings. The genetic diversity of MLRs in Mexico is an outstanding resource for development of maize cultivars with beneficial traits. Maize is frequently contaminated with aflatoxins by Aspergillus flavus, and resistance to accumulation of these potent carcinogens has been sought for over three decades. However, MLRs from Mexico have not been evaluated as potential sources of resistance. Variation in susceptibility to both A. flavus reproduction and aflatoxin contamination was evaluated on viable maize kernels in laboratory experiments that included 74 MLR accessions collected from 2006 to 2008 in the central west and northwest regions of Mexico. Resistant and susceptible MLR accessions were detected in both regions. The most resistant accessions accumulated over 99% less aflatoxin B-1 than did the commercial hybrid control Pioneer P33B50. Accessions supporting lower aflatoxin accumulation also supported reduced A. flavus sporulation. Sporulation on the MLRs was positively correlated with aflatoxin accumulation (R = 0.5336, P < 0.0001), suggesting that resistance to fungal reproduction is associated with MLR aflatoxin resistance. Results of the current study indicate that MLRs from Mexico are potentially important sources of aflatoxin resistance that may contribute to the breeding of commercially acceptable and safe maize hybrids and/or open pollinated cultivars for human and animal consumption. C1 [Ortega-Beltran, Alejandro] Univ Arizona, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Guerrero-Herrera, Manuel D. J.; Ortega-Corona, Alejandro] INIFAP, Secretaria Agr Ganaderia Desarrollo Rural Pesca &, Obregon 85000, Sonora, Mexico. [Vidal-Martinez, Victor A.] El Ctr Invest Reg Noroeste CIRNO, SAGARPA, INIFAP, Santiago Ixcuintla 63300, Nayarit, Mexico. [Cotty, Peter J.] Univ Arizona, USDA, ARS, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Cotty, PJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, USDA, ARS, Sch Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM pjcotty@email.arizona.edu FU USDA Foreign Agricultural Service; Scientific Cooperation Research Program; USDA Agricultural Research Project [5347-42000-02-00D]; CONACyT-Mexico [309103] FX This study was part of the first author's doctoral dissertation and was funded by the USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Scientific Cooperation Research Program, USDA Agricultural Research Project 5347-42000-02-00D and by CONACyT-Mexico (scholarship 309103). NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 77 IS 9 BP 1554 EP 1562 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-474 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AP1UE UT WOS:000341856300013 PM 25198847 ER PT J AU Schambach, BT Berrang, ME Harrison, MA Meinersmann, RJ AF Schambach, B. T. Berrang, M. E. Harrison, M. A. Meinersmann, R. J. TI Chemical Additive To Enhance Antimicrobial Efficacy of Chlorine and Control Cross-Contamination during Immersion Chill of Broiler Carcasses SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; PROCESSING WATER; POULTRY; SURVIVAL AB Immersion chilling of broiler carcasses can be a site for cross-contamination between the occasional highly contaminated carcass and those that are co-chilled. Chlorine is often used as an antimicrobial but can be overcome by organic material. A proprietary chlorine stabilizer (T-128) based on phosphoric acid-propylene glycol was tested as a chill tank additive in experiments simulating commercial broiler chilling. In bench-scale experiments, 0.5% T-128 was compared with plain water (control), 50 ppm of chlorine, and the combination of 0.5% T-128 with 50 ppm of chlorine to control transfer of Salmonella and Campylobacter from inoculated wing drummettes to co-chilled uninoculated drummettes. Both chlorine and T-128 lessened cross-contamination with Salmonella (P < 0.05); T-128 and T-128 with chlorine were significantly more effective (P < 0.05) than the control or plain chlorine for control of Campylobacter. T-128 treatments were noted to have a pH of less than 4.0; an additional experiment demonstrated that the antimicrobial effect of T-128 was not due merely to a lower pH. In commercial broiler chilling, a pH close to 6.0 is preferred to maximize chlorine effectiveness, while maintaining water-holding capacity of the meat. In a set of pilot-scale experiments with T-128, a near-ideal pH of 6.3 was achieved by using tap water instead of the distilled water used in bench-scale experiments. Pilot-scale chill tanks were used to compare the combination of 0.5% T-128 and 50 ppm of chlorine with 50 ppm of plain chlorine for control of cross-contamination between whole carcasses inoculated with Salmonella and Campylobacter and co-chilled uninoculated carcasses. The T-128 treatment resulted in significantly less cross-contamination by either direct contact or water transfer with both organisms compared with plain chlorine treatment. T-128 may have use in commercial broiler processing to enhance the effectiveness of chlorine in processing water. C1 [Schambach, B. T.; Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Harrison, M. A.] Univ Georgia, Food Sci & Technol Dept, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov FU USDA, Agricultural Research Service Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit; Smartwash Solutions FX The authors acknowledge expert technical assistance provided by Eric Adams and Steven Knapp. Funding was provided by the USDA, Agricultural Research Service Bacterial Epidemiology and Antimicrobial Resistance Research Unit and by Smartwash Solutions. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 77 IS 9 BP 1583 EP 1587 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-14-092 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AP1UE UT WOS:000341856300017 PM 25198851 ER PT J AU Horak, K Chipman, R Murphy, L Johnston, J AF Horak, Katherine Chipman, Richard Murphy, Lisa Johnston, John TI Environmental Contaminant Concentrations in Canada Goose (Branta canadensis) Muscle: Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Human Consumers SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article AB The issue of food insecurity affects millions of people in the United States every year. Often these people rely on soup kitchens, food banks, and shelters for proper meals, and these organizations often depend on donations to meet needs. One of the most limited food resources is meat. To help alleviate this problem, the U. S. Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services donates more than 60 tons of wild game (deer, moose, feral hogs, goats, geese, and ducks) to a variety of charitable organizations each year. Although commercially produced meat routinely undergoes screening for contaminants, potential exposure to environmental contaminants from eating wild game is not well characterized. In this study, the concentration of 17 contaminants of concern in the breast meat of wild geese was examined. These concentrations were then used in a probabilistic model to estimate potential risk associated with consumption of this meat. Based on model predictions, more than 99% of all adults were below exposure limits for all of the compounds tested. For all consumer age classes modeled, consumption of wild goose meat may expose a small fraction of these populations to levels of lead higher than the recommended exposure limits. Similarly, mercury exposure was predicted to be higher than the recommended limits when the meat was served as steaks. This information about concentrations of contaminants of concern in goose meat and potential exposures associated with meat consumption based on probabilistic models will enable others to make informed decisions about the risks associated with the consumption of wild meat. C1 [Horak, Katherine] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Chipman, Richard] USDA, Natl Rabies Management Program, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Murphy, Lisa] Univ Penn, Dept Pathobiol, Sch Vet Med, Kennett Sq, PA 19348 USA. [Johnston, John] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Horak, K (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM katherine.e.horak@aphis.usda.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 77 IS 9 BP 1634 EP 1641 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-364 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AP1UE UT WOS:000341856300026 PM 25198860 ER PT J AU Domingues, LN Guerrero, FD Foil, LD AF Domingues, Luisa N. Guerrero, Felix D. Foil, Lane D. TI Simultaneous Detection of Pyrethroid, Organophosphate, and Cyclodiene Target Site Resistance in Haematobia irritans (Diptera: Muscidae) by Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE kdr; G262A AChE; Rdl mutation; point mutation; PCR ID FEMALE ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; SODIUM-CHANNEL MUTATIONS; AN-STEPHENSI MOSQUITOS; HCH DIELDRIN RESISTANT; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; HORN FLY; REACTION ASSAY; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; POPULATIONS; FLIES AB The horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans (L., 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae), is an important pest that causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry, but insecticide resistance in horn fly populations has made horn fly control increasingly difficult to achieve. In this study, we developed a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to simultaneously detect target site resistance to pyrethroids (kdr mutation), organophosphates (G262A acetylcholinesterase mutation), and cyclodienes (Rdl mutation) and used the new procedure to follow the progression of these three mutations after exposure to different insecticide pressure. We assayed flies collected at the Macon Ridge research station, Winnsboro, LA, from 2008 to 2012. The multiplex PCR showed robust results in all our assays. The kdr mutation remained at high frequencies during all years, even after 4 yr with no use of pyrethroids. The G262A acetylcholinesterase mutation fluctuated from 7.5 to 23.8% during the studied years, while the Rdl mutation was rare in 2008, 2009, and June 2010, and then significantly increased after the first use of endosulfan. The possibility of screening for all the known target site resistance mutations in a single PCR reaction makes the multiplex PCR a useful and affordable tool that can be used to help diagnose insecticide resistance. C1 [Domingues, Luisa N.; Foil, Lane D.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Guerrero, Felix D.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Domingues, LN (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, 404 Life Sci Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM dominguesln@gmail.com FU National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [CNPq])/Brazilian Enterprise for Agricultural Research (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria [EMBRAPA]), Brazil [202028/2011-9]; U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Knipling Bushland U.S. Livestock Insect Research Laboratory Current Research Information System (CRIS) [6205-32000-031-00]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [S-1060] FX We thank Lacy Inmon, Kylie Bendele, Michael Becker, and William Hilbun for technical assistance. L.N.D. acknowledges financial support from National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [CNPq])/Brazilian Enterprise for Agricultural Research (Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria [EMBRAPA]), Brazil (Project 202028/2011-9). F.D.G. acknowledges funding support from the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) Knipling Bushland U. S. Livestock Insect Research Laboratory Current Research Information System (CRIS) Project 6205-32000-031-00. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This project also was partially supported by National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Regional Project S-1060. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 964 EP 970 DI 10.1603/ME14011 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AO8ZL UT WOS:000341644600009 PM 25276924 ER PT J AU Lawrence, KL Achee, NL Bernier, UR Mundal, KD Benante, JP AF Lawrence, Kendra L. Achee, Nicole L. Bernier, Ulrich R. Mundal, Kirk D. Benante, John Paul TI Field Evaluations of Topical Arthropod Repellents in North, Central, and South America SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE topical repellent; human volunteer; efficacy; vector-borne disease; biting fly ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; VECTOR-BORNE DISEASES; MALARIA TRANSMISSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CULICIDAE; DEET; MOSQUITOS; DIPTERA; IR3535; VIRUS AB Recently, vector-borne diseases have been resurging in endemic areas and expanding their geographic range into nonendemic areas. Such changes have refocused attention to the potential for major public health events, as naive populations are exposed to these pathogens. Personal topical repellents, recommended by the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and World Health Organization, remain a first line of protection against infection. The current study evaluated the repellent efficacy of four new U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-registered topical repellent products, two with picaridin as the active ingredient and two with IR3535, against a standard DEET (N, N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide)-based product. All products were evaluated against a wide range of vector species under field conditions across the Americas. Human volunteers were used to evaluate product efficacy as compared with a well-known DEET-based formulation and determine suitability for use by the U.S. military. Findings demonstrated the new formulations performed as well as the standard U.S. military repellent and could be recommended for use. C1 [Lawrence, Kendra L.; Benante, John Paul] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Entomol Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Achee, Nicole L.] Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. [Bernier, Ulrich R.] Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Gainesville, FL USA. [Mundal, Kirk D.] Naval Med Res Unit 6, Entomol Program, Lima, Peru. RP Benante, JP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Entomol Branch, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM john.benante@us.army.mil FU Military Infectious Disease Research Program FX We express our appreciation to the volunteers whose cooperation and patience were essential to these repellent evaluations, to Ireneo Briceno and Russell King (Ministry of Health, Belize), and Victor Lopez-Sifuentes and Karin Escobedo-Vargas (NAMRU-6) for their field assistance and coordination, and to Jim Pecor (Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit) for his identification of insect specimens. These evaluations were funded by the Military Infectious Disease Research Program. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 980 EP 988 DI 10.1603/ME14075 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AO8ZL UT WOS:000341644600012 PM 25276927 ER PT J AU Olafson, PU Lohmeyer, KH Edrington, TS Loneragan, GH AF Olafson, Pia Untalan Lohmeyer, Kimberly H. Edrington, Thomas S. Loneragan, Guy H. TI Survival and Fate of Salmonella enterica serovar Montevideo in Adult Horn Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Haematobia irritans; bacteria; microbial pathogen ID DIAPERINUS COLEOPTERA-TENEBRIONIDAE; INSECT STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; FLY DIGESTIVE-TRACT; HOUSE-FLY; LYMPH-NODES; HAEMATOBIA-IRRITANS; LESSER MEALWORM; UNITED-STATES; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS AB Contamination of cattle peripheral lymph nodes with Salmonella enterica is proposed to occur via a transdermal route of entry. If so, bacteria may be introduced to cattle by biting arthropods. Biting flies, such as horn flies (Haematobia irritans irritans (L.)) (Diptera: Muscidae), are intriguing candidates for transmitting Salmonella to cattle because they provide a route of entry when they breach the skin barrier during blood feeding. Using a green fluorescent protein-expressing strain of Salmonella Montevideo (S. Montevideo-GFP), the current study demonstrated that horn fly grooming subsequent to tactile exposure to the bacteria resulted in acquisition of the bacteria on mouthparts as well as microbial ingestion. Consumption of a bloodmeal containing approximate to 10(2), approximate to 10(4), or approximate to 10(6) S. Montevideo-GFP resulted in horn fly colonization for up to 72 h postingestion (PI). Epifluorescent microscopy indicated that the bacteria were not localized to the crop but were observed within the endoperitrophic space, suggesting that regurgitation is not a primary route of transmission. S. Montevideo-GFP were cultured from excreta of 100% of flies beginning 6-7h PI of a medium or high dose meal and >12h PI in excreta from 60% of flies fed the low-dose meal. Animal hides and manure pats are sources for horn flies to acquire the Salmonella and mechanically transmit them to an animal while feeding. Mean quantities of 5.65-67.5 x 10(2) CFU per fly were cultured from fly excreta passed within 1 d after feeding, suggesting the excreta can provide an additional microbial source on the animal's hide. C1 [Olafson, Pia Untalan; Lohmeyer, Kimberly H.] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Edrington, Thomas S.] USDA ARS, Southern Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Loneragan, Guy H.] Texas Tech Univ, Coll Agr Sci & Nat Resources, Int Ctr Food Ind Excellence, Dept Anim & Food Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. RP Olafson, PU (reprint author), USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, 2700 Fredericksburg Rd, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. EM pia.olafson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS, National Program 104 [6205-32000-033-00D]; Beef Checkoff Program; U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-National Integrated Food Safety Initiative (USDA-NIFA-NIFSI) [2011-51110-31081] FX We are grateful to Kendra Nightingale (Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX) for providing the Salmonella Montevideo isolate and genus-specific oligonucleotide primer sequences used in the study and to Dana Nayduch (U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service- Arthropod-Borne Animal Disease Research Unit [USDA-ARS- ABADRU], Manhattan, KS) for supplying the plasmid used in bacterial transformations. Special thanks to Greta Buckmeier for her superb technical assistance, Matthew Waldon for fly rearing, and Drs. Donald Thomas, Muhammad Chaudhury, and David Taylor for critically reviewing earlier drafts. We are grateful to the anonymous reviewers that provided very useful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. This project was funded by the USDA-ARS, National Program 104, Project no. 6205-32000-033-00D and in part by the Beef Checkoff Program and U.S. Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture-National Integrated Food Safety Initiative (USDA-NIFA-NIFSI) contract no. 2011-51110-31081. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 993 EP 1001 DI 10.1603/ME13217 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AO8ZL UT WOS:000341644600014 PM 25276929 ER PT J AU Lutomiah, J Ongus, J Linthicum, KJ Sang, R AF Lutomiah, Joel Ongus, Juliette Linthicum, Kenneth J. Sang, Rosemary TI Natural Vertical Transmission of Ndumu Virus in Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes Collected as Larvae SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culex pipiens; Ijara; Ndumu virus; vertical transmission ID ARBOVIRUS SURVEILLANCE; KENYA; ALPHAVIRUS; SITES AB Ndumu virus (NDUV) is a member of the family Togaviridae and genus Alphavirus. In Kenya, the virus has been isolated from a range of mosquito species but has not been associated with human or animal morbidity. Little is know about the transmission dynamics or vertebrate reservoirs of this virus. NDUV was isolated from two pools of female Culex pipiens mosquitoes, IJR37 (n = 18) and IJR73 (n = 3), which were collected as larvae on 15 April 2013 from two dambos near the village of Marey, Ijara District, Garissa County, Kenya, and reared to adults and identified to species. These results represent the first field evidence of vertical transmission of NDUV among mosquitoes. C1 [Lutomiah, Joel; Sang, Rosemary] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Virus Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Ongus, Juliette] Jomo Kenyatta Univ Agr & Technol, Dept HumanPathol & Lab Med, Nairobi 00200, Kenya. [Linthicum, Kenneth J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Lutomiah, J (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Virus Res, POB 54628, Nairobi, Kenya. EM joel.lutomiah@usamru-k.org FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) FX We acknowledge the contributions of Dunstone Beti, James Mutisya, John Gachoya, Reuben Lugalia, Gilbert Rotich, and Betty Chelang' at of Centre for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), for technical assistance in field collection, identification, and preparation of samples. This project was funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). This paper was published with the permission from the Director, KEMRI. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1091 EP 1095 DI 10.1603/ME14064 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AO8ZL UT WOS:000341644600028 PM 25276943 ER PT J AU Wojan, TR AF Wojan, Timothy R. TI Handbook of Innovation Indicators and Measurement SO JOURNAL OF REGIONAL SCIENCE LA English DT Book Review C1 [Wojan, Timothy R.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Wojan, TR (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20024 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4146 EI 1467-9787 J9 J REGIONAL SCI JI J. Reg. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 54 IS 4 SI SI BP 726 EP 728 PG 3 WC Economics; Environmental Studies; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration GA AO9OC UT WOS:000341684000016 ER PT J AU Arnold, JG Harmel, RD Johnson, MVV Bingner, R Strickland, TC Walbridge, M Santhi, C DiLuzio, M Wang, XY AF Arnold, Jeffery G. Harmel, R. Daren Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V. Bingner, Ronald Strickland, Timothy C. Walbridge, Mark Santhi, Chinnasamy DiLuzio, Mauro Wang, Xiuying TI Impact of the Agricultural Research Service Watershed Assessment Studies on the Conservation Effects Assessment Project Cropland National Assessment SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; POLLUTION REDUCTION; MODELING APPROACH; QUALITY MODELS; SWAT; CALIBRATION; SOIL; UNCERTAINTY; SCALE C1 [Arnold, Jeffery G.; Harmel, R. Daren] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Johnson, Mari-Vaughn V.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Temple, TX USA. [Bingner, Ronald] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Strickland, Timothy C.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Walbridge, Mark] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. [Santhi, Chinnasamy; DiLuzio, Mauro; Wang, Xiuying] Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX USA. RP Arnold, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. NR 49 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 137A EP 144A DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.137A PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800001 ER PT J AU Tomer, MD Sadler, EJ Lizotte, RE Bryant, RB Potter, TL Moore, MT Veith, TL Baffaut, C Locke, MA Walbridge, MR AF Tomer, M. D. Sadler, E. J. Lizotte, R. E. Bryant, R. B. Potter, T. L. Moore, M. T. Veith, T. L. Baffaut, C. Locke, M. A. Walbridge, M. R. TI A decade of conservation effects assessment research by the USDA Agricultural Research Service: Progress overview and future outlook SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; RYE COVER CROP; WATER-QUALITY; MANURE APPLICATION; COASTAL-PLAIN; DAIRY MANURE; NO-TILL; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; BENCHMARK WATERSHEDS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES AB Ten years ago, the USDA Agricultural Research Service (ARS) began a series of watershed assessment studies as part of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). In this overview, a decade of research progress in 14 watersheds dominated by rain-fed croplands is reviewed to introduce a special section of this journal issue containing papers describing multiwatershed syntheses. The papers evaluate impacts of agricultural practices on soil quality, stream sediment sources, and the role of climate variability in watershed studies and conservation assessments at the watershed scale. The cross-watershed comparisons help enhance our understanding of emerging conservation technologies in terms of their readiness and suitability for wide-scale adoption. Research from ARS CEAP watershed assessments published during the past 10 years suggests encouraging (1) wider adoption of minimum disturbance technologies to reduce runoff risks associated with applying manure, nutrients, and agrichemicals; (2) adoption of winter cover crops; and (3) a renewed emphasis on riparian corridors to control loads of sediment, phosphorus (P), and other contaminants originating from within (and near) stream channels. The management of agricultural watersheds requires that watershed-scale data can be interpreted and applied in management at the farm scale, and that farm-scale information, including financial and management constraints, can be used to clarify watershed management opportunities and challenges. Substantial research needs remain, including social engagement of agricultural communities, use of multiple conservation practices to account for environmental tradeoffs, improved models to simulate the dynamics of nutrient retention and movement in watersheds, and understanding ecosystem responses to changes in water quality. Moreover, a long-term commitment to understand land use trends, water quality dynamics, climate impacts, and the real effectiveness of precision conservation approaches for improving water quality will help secure agriculture's capacity to provide food, water, and other ecosystem services vital to society. C1 [Tomer, M. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Sadler, E. J.; Baffaut, C.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA. [Lizotte, R. E.; Moore, M. T.; Locke, M. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Bryant, R. B.; Veith, T. L.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA USA. [Potter, T. L.] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Unit, Tifton, GA USA. [Walbridge, M. R.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Tomer, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 NR 99 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 12 U2 95 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 365 EP 373 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.365 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800006 ER PT J AU Garbrecht, JD Nearing, MA Shields, FD Tomer, MD Sadler, EJ Bonta, JV Baffaut, C AF Garbrecht, J. D. Nearing, M. A. Shields, F. Douglas, Jr. Tomer, M. D. Sadler, E. J. Bonta, J. V. Baffaut, C. TI Impact of weather and climate scenarios on conservation assessment outcomes SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE conservation effectiveness; Conservation Effects Assessment Program; climate impacts; runoff; sediment yield; soil erosion ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; TRANSPORT CAPACITY; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; CHANNEL RESPONSE; CROP PRODUCTION; GOODWIN CREEK AB Selected watershed studies of the Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) are reviewed and findings are interpreted from the perspective of potential conservation outcomes due to climate change scenarios. Primary foci are runoff, soil erosion, sediment transport, and watershed sediment yield. Highlights, successes, and challenges with regards to climate change impacts on soil erosion, runoff, and watershed sediment yield are presented. The covered information adds to the existing knowledge base of climate change impacts and provides another piece of information that may be useful in the planning and management of agricultural watersheds; assessment of conservation needs; and development, funding, and implementation of conservation programs. The selected conservation assessment studies include, among others, a thought experiment on the sensitivity of soil erosion, runoff, and sediment yield to changes in rainfall; a computer-based investigation of potential climate change effects on runoff and soil erosion in a southeastern Arizona rangeland; the complex response of northern Mississippi watersheds to runoff variations and channel stabilization measures; the impact of conservation practices and a persistent pluvial period on watershed runoff and sediment yield in Oklahoma; and stream bank erosion during major flooding in Iowa and river corridor management. A study of rainfall-runoff in an north-central Missouri watershed and a curve number analysis in a northern Appalachian experimental watershed are included herein. Findings showed that climate change scenarios of increased precipitation intensity lead to an exponential increase in soil erosion, runoff, and watershed sediment yield, thereby stressing current conservation practices or future practices designed with present day practice standards. This diminishes conservation practice effectiveness and increases sediment supply to the stream network. The sensitive response of the watershed hydrologic system may lead to renewed soil erosion that is large enough to offset the reduction in soil loss achieved by current conservation practices. However, in alluvial-floodplain environments with non-cohesive bed and bank material, watershed sediment yield is controlled by channel discharge and energy slope, neither of which is influenced by traditional in-field conservation practices or channel bank stabilization structures. Thus, control of sediment yield will gradually shift in the downstream direction from sediment supply to sediment transport capacity and blur any existing relation between a climate change signal, in-field conservation outcomes, and sediment yield at watershed outlets. Targeting conservation practices to erosion prone areas, expanding conservation coverage, and adapting agronomic practices may be necessary to prevent excessive soil erosion and downstream sedimentation under climate change scenarios that include intensified precipitation. C1 [Garbrecht, J. D.] USDA ARS, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. [Nearing, M. A.] USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ USA. [Shields, F. Douglas, Jr.] Shields Engn LLC, Oxford, MS USA. [Tomer, M. D.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA USA. [Sadler, E. J.; Baffaut, C.] USDA ARS, Columbia, MO USA. [Bonta, J. V.] USDA ARS, Oxford, MS USA. RP Garbrecht, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, El Reno, OK 73036 USA. NR 108 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 41 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 374 EP 392 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.374 PG 19 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800007 ER PT J AU Karlen, DL Stott, DE Cambardella, CA Kremer, RJ King, KW McCarty, GW AF Karlen, D. L. Stott, D. E. Cambardella, C. A. Kremer, R. J. King, K. W. McCarty, G. W. TI Surface soil quality in five midwestern cropland Conservation Effects Assessment Project watersheds SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Conservation Effects Assessment Project; crop rotation; manure; soil health; Soil Management Assessment Framework; tillage ID MANAGEMENT ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK; AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT; CHLOROFORM FUMIGATION; IOWA; CALIFORNIA; SYSTEMS AB Soil quality (SQ) assessment is a proactive process for evaluating soil and crop management effects on biological, chemical, and physical indicators of soil health. Our objectives were to evaluate several SQ indicators within five Agricultural Research Service (ARS) experimental watersheds (WS) and determine if those indicators were affected by manure, tillage, or crop rotation histories. Ten soil quality indicators were measured within each of 600 0 to 5 cm (0 to 2 in) depth and 398 5 to 15 cm (2 to 6 in) depth increment samples, evaluated statistically, and then scored using the Soil Management Assessment Framework. Except for soil organic carbon (C) at both depth increments or microbial biomass C and beta-glucosidase within the 5 to 15 cm increment, the indicators showed significant WS differences. Except for surface soil-test phosphorous (P), Soil Management Assessment Framework indicator scores and overall soil quality index values also showed significant (p <= 0.05) WS differences. Microbial biomass C was significantly affected by crop rotation at both sampling depths and by WS within the surface 5 cm. beta-glucosidase was significantly affected by all four factors (WS, manure, tillage, and crop rotation) and their interactions within the 0 to 5 cm increment. The water-stable macroaggregate indictor within the 0 to 5 cm increment and within the 5 to 15 cm increment, however, were not significantly different for the tillage and manure application treatments, respectively. Our study showed that the ARS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) watersheds provided a moderately controlled example that watershed-scale monitoring of soil quality is feasible and should be used to monitor soil health and/or conservation program effectiveness. C1 [Karlen, D. L.; Cambardella, C. A.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm NLAE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stott, D. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Kremer, R. J.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [King, K. W.] Ohio State Univ, USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [McCarty, G. W.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm NLAE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 42 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 26 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 393 EP 401 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.393 PG 9 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800008 ER PT J AU Wilson, CG Kuhnle, RA Dabney, SM Lerch, RN Huang, CH King, KW Livingston, SJ AF Wilson, C. G. Kuhnle, R. A. Dabney, S. M. Lerch, R. N. Huang, C. H. King, K. W. Livingston, S. J. TI Fine sediment sources in Conservation Effects Assessment Project watersheds SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID UPLAND CONCENTRATED FLOWS; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; SOIL-EROSION; GOODWIN CREEK; RIVER-BASIN; PB-210; BERYLLIUM-7; TRANSPORT; BE-7; RADIONUCLIDES AB Two naturally occurring radionuclides, Beryllium-7 (Be-7) and Lead-210 (Pb-210(xs)) were used as tracers to discriminate eroded surface soils from channel-derived sediments in the fine suspended sediment loads of eight Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) benchmark watersheds. Soil, bank, and suspended sediment samples, as well as rainfall samples, were collected in the watersheds from single storm events and analyzed for the radionuclide activities, which were then applied to a two end-member mixing model to determine the relative proportions from the two source areas. In larger watersheds where the transport length of the sediment was longer, the suspended sediment load contained lower proportions of eroded upland soils compared to smaller systems. The longer transport paths contained more depositional areas in which fine sediment could settle, and hence, less eroded surface soils reached the stream channel, resulting in higher proportions of sediment from the channels. This study showed that more than 50% of the fine sediment in six of the eight watersheds originated from channel sources that included stream banks, the riverine bed, and gullies. These results underscore the need to consider channel and gully processes when management practices are designed to reduce sediment yield in agricultural watersheds. C1 [Wilson, C. G.] Univ Tennessee, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Kuhnle, R. A.; Dabney, S. M.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Lerch, R. N.] USDA ARS, Columbia, MO USA. [Huang, C. H.; Livingston, S. J.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN USA. [King, K. W.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. RP Wilson, CG (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 16 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 402 EP 413 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.402 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800009 ER PT J AU Polyakov, VO Nichols, MH McClaran, MP Nearing, MA AF Polyakov, V. O. Nichols, M. H. McClaran, M. P. Nearing, M. A. TI Effect of check dams on runoff, sediment yield, and retention on small semiarid watersheds SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE check dam; erosion; runoff; sediment yield; semiarid; watershed ID EROSION RATES; RANGELAND WATERSHEDS; SOUTHERN ARIZONA; GULLY CONTROL; SPAIN; VEGETATION; CHANNELS; STEEP AB Erosion dynamics in semiarid environments is defined by high magnitude, low frequency rainfalls that produce runoff with high sediment concentration. Check dams are widely used in this environment as a sedimentation mitigation technique, however their impact on overall watershed sediment balance is not well known. In 2008 a total of 37 loose rock semipermeable check dams were installed on two small (4 and 3.1 ha [9.8 and 7.6 ac]) watersheds located on the alluvial fan of the Santa Rita Mountains in southern Arizona. Each watershed was equipped with a rain gauge, supercritical flow flume, and sediment sampler. The runoff and sediment yield characteristics following the check dam installation were compared with 35 years of historical records. Impacts of the check dams on runoff from major rainstorms were not detectable; however the number of runoff events generated by small (less than one year recurrence interval) rainstorms decreased by 60%. During four years check dams retained 75 t (82.6 tn) of sediment (50% of sediment yield) and were filled to more than 80% of their capacity. Depositional areas upstream of the dams have potential to support watershed restoration. C1 [Polyakov, V. O.; Nichols, M. H.; Nearing, M. A.] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [McClaran, M. P.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources Environm, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Polyakov, VO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. NR 35 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 34 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 414 EP 421 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.414 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800010 ER PT J AU Lehrsch, GA Lentz, RD Westermann, DT Kincaid, DC AF Lehrsch, G. A. Lentz, R. D. Westermann, D. T. Kincaid, D. C. TI Nutrient loads and sediment losses in sprinkler irrigation runoff affected by compost and manure SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE center pivot; erosion; infiltration; nutrient losses; runoff; sprinkler irrigation ID BEEF-CATTLE MANURE; CENTER-PIVOT IRRIGATION; WATER-QUALITY; PHOSPHORUS LOSSES; DAIRY MANURE; NO-TILL; NITROGEN; SOILS; MANAGEMENT; EROSION AB High water application rates beneath the outer spans of center pivot sprinkler systems can cause runoff, erosion, and nutrient losses, particularly from sloping fields. This field study determined runoff, sediment losses, and nutrient loads (dissolved organic carbon [C], nitrate-nitrogen [NO3-N], ammonium-nitrogen [NH4-N], total phosphorus [TP], ferric-oxide strip phosphorus [FeO P], dissolved reactive phosphorus [DRP], potassium [K], calcium [Ca], magnesium [Mg], and sodium [Na]) in sprinkler runoff for two years after a single application of either stockpiled or composted dairy manure. We studied five treatments, including a nonamended control, in each of six blocks, with each block situated under a different span of a low-pressure, moving-lateral sprinkler system. In October of 1999, we incorporated 29.1 Mg ha(-1) (13 tn ac(-1)) or 71.7 Mg ha(-1) (32 tn ac(-1)) of dry manure or 22.4 Mg ha(-1) (10 tn ac(-1)) or 47 Mg ha(-1) (21 tn ac(-1)) of dry compost into a calcareous silt loam soil on slopes from 0.8% to 4.4%. In the spring of 2000 and 2001, we collected surface soil (0 to 30 mm [0 to 1.2 in]) from furrows to determine soil test phosphorus (STP). We applied 21 to 46 mm (0.8 to 1.8 in) of water at an average application intensity of 28 mm h(-1) (1.1 in hr(-1); peak intensity of 40 mm h(-1) [1.6 in hr(-1)]) to 6.4 x 36.6 m (21 x 120 ft) plots six times in 2000 and two times in 2001. Additional nonmonitored irrigations were made as needed to produce corn (Zea mays L.) silage each year. At 15 to 30 minute intervals after runoff began, we measured runoff rates and collected runoff samples to determine sediment and constituent losses for each monitored irrigation. None of the amendment treatments significantly affected runoff, sediment losses, or loads of dissolved organic C, NO3-N, NH4-N, TP, FeO P, or Mg when averaged across irrigations. Without exception, runoff, sediment losses, and loads of every measured constituent varied among irrigations after accounting for differences in water applied. Treatments influenced DRP, K, and Ca runoff loads. Loads of Ca decreased, but Na increased with increasing manure application rates. Relative to the control, manure DRP loads were five to six times greater, whereas compost DRP loads were similar. C1 [Lehrsch, G. A.; Lentz, R. D.; Westermann, D. T.; Kincaid, D. C.] USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Lehrsch, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Northwest Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 30 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 EI 1941-3300 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 69 IS 5 BP 456 EP 467 DI 10.2489/jswc.69.5.456 PG 12 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA AP1TH UT WOS:000341853800015 ER PT J AU Bolger, A Scossa, F Bolger, ME Lanz, C Maumus, F Tohge, T Quesneville, H Alseekh, S Sorensen, I Lichtenstein, G Fich, EA Conte, M Keller, H Schneeberger, K Schwacke, R Ofner, I Vrebalov, J Xu, YM Osorio, S Aflitos, SA Schijlen, E Jimenez-Gomez, JM Ryngajllo, M Kimura, S Kumar, R Koenig, D Headland, LR Maloof, JN Sinha, N van Ham, RCHJ Lankhorst, RK Mao, LY Vogel, A Arsova, B Panstruga, R Fei, ZJ Rose, JKC Zamir, D Carrari, F Giovannoni, JJ Weigel, D Usadel, B Fernie, AR AF Bolger, Anthony Scossa, Federico Bolger, Marie E. Lanz, Christa Maumus, Florian Tohge, Takayuki Quesneville, Hadi Alseekh, Saleh Sorensen, Iben Lichtenstein, Gabriel Fich, Eric A. Conte, Mariana Keller, Heike Schneeberger, Korbinian Schwacke, Rainer Ofner, Itai Vrebalov, Julia Xu, Yimin Osorio, Sonia Aflitos, Saulo Alves Schijlen, Elio Jimenez-Gomez, Jose M. Ryngajllo, Malgorzata Kimura, Seisuke Kumar, Ravi Koenig, Daniel Headland, Lauren R. Maloof, Julin N. Sinha, Neelima van Ham, Roeland C. H. J. Lankhorst, Rene Klein Mao, Linyong Vogel, Alexander Arsova, Borjana Panstruga, Ralph Fei, Zhangjun Rose, Jocelyn K. C. Zamir, Dani Carrari, Fernando F Giovannoni, James J. Weigel, Detlef Usadel, Bjoern Fernie, Alisdair R. TI The genome of the stress-tolerant wild tomato species Solanum pennellii SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID INTROGRESSION LINES; GENE-EXPRESSION; FRUIT; QTL; ACCUMULATION; EVOLUTION; TRICHOMES; RESPONSES; PLANTS; TRAITS AB Solanum pennellii is a wild tomato species endemic to Andean regions in South America, where it has evolved to thrive in arid habitats. Because of its extreme stress tolerance and unusual morphology, it is an important donor of germplasm for the cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum(1). Introgression lines (ILs) in which large genomic regions of S. lycopersicum are replaced with the corresponding segments from S. pennellii can show remarkably superior agronomic performance(2). Here we describe a high-quality genome assembly of the parents of the IL population. By anchoring the S. pennellii genome to the genetic map, we define candidate genes for stress tolerance and provide evidence that transposable elements had a role in the evolution of these traits. Our work paves a path toward further tomato improvement and for deciphering the mechanisms underlying the myriad other agronomic traits that can be improved with S. pennellii germplasm. C1 [Bolger, Anthony; Bolger, Marie E.; Schwacke, Rainer; Ryngajllo, Malgorzata; Usadel, Bjoern] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, Dept Metab Networks, Potsdam Golm, Germany. [Bolger, Anthony; Vogel, Alexander; Usadel, Bjoern] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, IBMG, Inst Biol 1, Aachen, Germany. [Scossa, Federico; Tohge, Takayuki; Alseekh, Saleh; Osorio, Sonia; Fernie, Alisdair R.] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, Dept Mol Physiol, Potsdam Golm, Germany. [Scossa, Federico] Ctr Ric Orticoltura, Consiglio Ric Sperimentaz Agr, Pontecagnano, Italy. [Bolger, Marie E.; Schwacke, Rainer; Usadel, Bjoern] Forschungszentrum Julich, IBG 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany. [Lanz, Christa; Keller, Heike; Schneeberger, Korbinian; Koenig, Daniel; Weigel, Detlef] Max Planck Inst Dev Biol, Dept Mol Biol, Tubingen, Germany. [Maumus, Florian; Quesneville, Hadi] INRA Versailles Grignon, French Natl Inst Agr Res INRA, Res Unit Genom Info URGI UR1164, Versailles, France. [Sorensen, Iben; Fich, Eric A.; Rose, Jocelyn K. C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lichtenstein, Gabriel; Conte, Mariana; Carrari, Fernando F] INTA, CICVyA, Inst Biotecnol, Castelar, Argentina. [Lichtenstein, Gabriel; Conte, Mariana; Carrari, Fernando F] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Castelar, Argentina. [Schneeberger, Korbinian] Max Planck Inst Plant Breeding Res, Dept Plant Dev Biol, Cologne, Germany. [Ofner, Itai; Zamir, Dani] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Agr, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. [Vrebalov, Julia; Xu, Yimin; Mao, Linyong; Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Osorio, Sonia] Univ Malaga, Inst Hortofruticultura Subtrop & Mediterrane La M, Dept Mol Biol & Biochem, E-29071 Malaga, Spain. [Aflitos, Saulo Alves; Schijlen, Elio; van Ham, Roeland C. H. J.; Lankhorst, Rene Klein] Univ Wageningen & Res Ctr, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Jimenez-Gomez, Jose M.] Max Planck Inst Plant Breeding Res, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Cologne, Germany. [Jimenez-Gomez, Jose M.] INRA, Inst Jean Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318, F-78026 Versailles, France. [Kimura, Seisuke; Kumar, Ravi; Koenig, Daniel; Headland, Lauren R.; Maloof, Julin N.; Sinha, Neelima] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Biol, Davis, CA USA. [Arsova, Borjana] Univ Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany. [Panstruga, Ralph] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Inst Biol 1, Unit Plant Mol Cell Biol, Aachen, Germany. [Fei, Zhangjun; Giovannoni, James J.] USDA, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Usadel, B (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, Dept Metab Networks, Potsdam Golm, Germany. EM usadel@bio1.rwth-aachen.de RI Aflitos, Saulo/J-8930-2014; Osorio, Sonia/M-2258-2014; Maumus, Florian/O-5426-2016; Weigel, Detlef/C-1418-2008; Panstruga, Ralph/F-3340-2011; Usadel, Bjorn/E-1932-2011 OI Aflitos, Saulo/0000-0002-9179-5309; Arsova, Borjana/0000-0002-0566-2009; Fei, Zhangjun/0000-0001-9684-1450; Maumus, Florian/0000-0001-7325-0527; Osorio, Sonia/0000-0002-0159-6091; LICHTENSTEIN, GABRIEL/0000-0002-2974-6717; Scossa, Federico/0000-0002-6233-1679; Maloof, Julin/0000-0002-9623-2599; Weigel, Detlef/0000-0002-2114-7963; Panstruga, Ralph/0000-0002-3756-8957; FU Max Planck Society; Deutsche Israeli Project [FE 552/12-1]; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) [FKZ 0315961]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft International Research Training Groups (IRTG) [1525]; CRA Young Investigator Program; INTA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) grant; Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCYPT) grant; NSF grant [IOS-0820854]; US National Science Foundation [DBI-0606595, DBI-1313887]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant ,USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-04197]; US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program [DBI-0820612, IOS-0923312] FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of the Max Planck Society in the form of an exceptional grant to cover the costs of sequencing the tomato species. In addition, work in the laboratories of D.Z. and A.R.F. was funded in the framework of Deutsche Israeli Project FE 552/12-1, which is administered by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. B.U. and M.E.B. acknowledge the support of the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF)-funded primary database FKZ 0315961. B.A. thanks the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft International Research Training Groups (IRTG) 1525. F.S. acknowledges the support of the CRA Young Investigator Program. Work in the laboratory of F.C. was funded by INTA, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (CONICET) and Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCYPT) grants. Work in the laboratories of N.S. and J.N.M. was funded by NSF grant IOS-0820854. J.R. was supported by the US National Science Foundation (Plant Genome Program; DBI-0606595 and DBI-1313887) and by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant 2011-04197 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture. Work in the laboratories of J.G. and Z.F. was additionally supported by US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program grants DBI-0820612 and IOS-0923312. A.B. would like to thank Y. Brotman for preparing the Pseudomonas syringae-infected S. pennellii samples. NR 45 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 16 U2 117 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 EI 1546-1718 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 46 IS 9 BP 1034 EP + DI 10.1038/ng.3046 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AO8CE UT WOS:000341579400021 PM 25064008 ER PT J AU Pfalzer, AC Choi, SW Tammen, SA Park, LK Bottiglieri, T Parnell, LD Lamon-Fava, S AF Pfalzer, Anna C. Choi, Sang-Woon Tammen, Stephanie A. Park, Lara K. Bottiglieri, Teodoro Parnell, Laurence D. Lamon-Fava, Stefania TI S-adenosylmethionine mediates inhibition of inflammatory response and changes in DNA methylation in human macrophages SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE inflammation; macrophage; S-adenosylmethionine; S-adenosylhomocysteine; DNA methylation ID NF-KAPPA-B; MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ACTIVATION; DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; HYPOMETHYLATION AB S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the unique methyl donor in DNA methylation, has been shown to lower lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha and increase the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in macrophages. The aim of this study was to assess whether epigenetic mechanisms mediate the anti-inflammatory effects of SAM. Human monocytic THP1 cells were differentiated into macrophages and treated with 0, 500, or 1,000 mu mol/l SAM for 24 h, followed by stimulation with LPS. TNF alpha and IL-10 expression levels were measured by real-time PCR, cellular concentrations of SAM and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH), a metabolite of SAM, were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and DNA methylation was measured with LC-MS/MS and microarrays. Relative to control (0 mu mol/l SAM), treatment with 500 mu mol/l SAM caused a significant decrease in TNF-alpha expression (-45%, P < 0.05) and increase in IL-10 expression (+77%, P < 0.05). Treatment with 1,000 mu mol/l SAM yielded no significant additional benefits. Relative to control, 500 mu mol/l SAM increased cellular SAM concentrations twofold without changes in SAH, and 1,000 mu mol/l SAM increased cellular SAM sixfold and SAH fourfold. Global DNA methylation increased 7% with 500 mu mol/l SAM compared with control. Following treatment with 500 mu mol/l SAM, DNA methylation microarray analysis identified 765 differentially methylated regions associated with 918 genes. Pathway analysis of these genes identified a biological network associated with cardiovascular disease, including a subset of genes that were differentially hypomethylated and whose expression levels were altered by SAM. Our data indicate that SAM modulates the expression of inflammatory genes in association with changes in specific gene promoter DNA methylation. C1 [Pfalzer, Anna C.; Choi, Sang-Woon; Tammen, Stephanie A.; Park, Lara K.; Parnell, Laurence D.; Lamon-Fava, Stefania] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Pfalzer, Anna C.; Choi, Sang-Woon; Tammen, Stephanie A.; Park, Lara K.; Lamon-Fava, Stefania] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bottiglieri, Teodoro] Baylor Res Inst, Dallas, TX USA. RP Lamon-Fava, S (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM stefania.lamon-fava@tufts.edu FU USDA/Agriculture Research Service [1950-51000-072]; Pharmavite LLC FX This work was supported by the USDA/Agriculture Research Service contract 1950-51000-072 and Pharmavite LLC. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1094-8341 EI 1531-2267 J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS JI Physiol. Genomics PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 46 IS 17 BP 617 EP 623 DI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00056.2014 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology GA AO9UY UT WOS:000341705000001 PM 25180283 ER PT J AU Shea, MK Cushman, M Booth, SL Burke, GL Chen, HY Kritchevsky, SB AF Shea, M. Kyla Cushman, Mary Booth, Sarah L. Burke, Gregory L. Chen, Haiying Kritchevsky, Stephen B. TI Associations between vitamin K status and haemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers in community-dwelling adults The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE Haemostasis; inflammation; nutrition; epidemiological studies ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; PHYLLOQUINONE VITAMIN-K-1; DIETARY PATTERNS; ELDERLY-MEN; D-DIMER; MARKERS; MESA AB Vitamin K is integral to haemostatic function, and in vitro and animal experiments suggest that vitamin K can suppress production of inflammatory cytokines. To test the hypothesis that higher vitamin K status is associated with lower haemostatic activation and inflammation in community-dwelling adults, we analysed the cross-sectional association between serum phylloquinone (vitamin K1) with haemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers in 662 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) [mean (SD) age=62 (10) years; 46% female; 37% Caucasian, 25% African-American, 25% Hispanic, 13% Chinese-American]. Following adjustment for demographic and lifestyle characteristics, medication use, triglycerides and body mass index, those in the highest quartile of serum phylloquinone had significantly lower circulating interleukin-6 [adjusted mean (SEM) pmol/l: quartile 4 (Q4)=1.22 (0.07), quartile 1 (Q1)=1.45 (0.07); p-trend<0.01], C-reactive protein [adjusted mean (SEM) mg/dl: Q4=1.57 (0.11), Q1=2.08 (0.18); p-trend=0.02], soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 [adjusted mean (SEM) ng/ml: Q4=247 (11), Q1=288 (11); p-trend=0.02], and plasmin-antiplasmin complex [adjusted mean (SEM) nmol/l: Q4=4.02 (0.1), Q1=4.31 (0.1), p-trend=0.04]. We detected an interaction between age and serum phylloquinone with respect to factor VIII and D-dimer (interaction p-values=0.03 and 0.09, respectively). Among participants years, serum phylloquinone was inversely associated with factor VIII activity (p-trend=-0.06) and positively associated with D-dimer (p-trend=0.01), but was not associated with either marker among participants <70 years (both p >= 0.38). In contrast, dietary phylloquinone intake was not, associated with any inflammatory or haemostatic biomarker evaluated (all p-trend>0.11). These findings are consistent with laboratory-based studies that suggest a possible anti-inflammatory role for vitamin K. Whether or not these associations predict clinical outcomes linked to elevated inflammation or haemostatic activation remains to be determined. C1 [Shea, M. Kyla; Booth, Sarah L.] Tufts Univ, USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cushman, Mary] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Med, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Burke, Gregory L.; Chen, Haiying] Wake Forest Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Kritchevsky, Stephen B.] Wake Forest Sch Med, Sticht Ctr Aging, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Shea, MK (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM kyla.shea@tufts.edu FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, N01-HC-95169]; National Institute of Aging [P30A6021332-08]; American Heart Association [09CRP2070013]; Wake Forest University Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center [P30-AG21332]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease [K01AR063167]; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [58-1950-7-707] FX This research was supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, the National Institute of Aging (P30A6021332-08), the American Heart Association (09CRP2070013), the Wake Forest University Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center (P30-AG21332), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease (K01AR063167), and the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement No. 58-1950-7-707. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN PI STUTTGART PA HOLDERLINSTRASSE 3, D-70174 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 112 IS 3 BP 438 EP 444 DI 10.1160/TH13-12-1003 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AO7QF UT WOS:000341547000003 PM 24849546 ER PT J AU Sandbulte, MR Platt, R Roth, JA Henningson, JN Gibson, KA Rajao, DS Loving, CL Vincent, AL AF Sandbulte, Matthew R. Platt, Ratree Roth, James A. Henningson, Jamie N. Gibson, Kathleen A. Rajao, Daniela S. Loving, Crystal L. Vincent, Amy L. TI Divergent immune responses and disease outcomes in piglets immunized with inactivated and attenuated H3N2 swine influenza vaccines in the presence of maternally-derived antibodies SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza A; Maternally derived antibodies; Live attenuated influenza virus; Whole inactivated virus; Heterologous immunity ID PORCINE T-LYMPHOCYTES; VIRUS VACCINE; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; A VIRUS; PIGS; LIVE; EFFICACY; CHALLENGE; INFECTION; CELLS AB Live-attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) prime-boost vaccination previously conferred protection against heterologous H3N2 swine influenza challenge, including in piglets with maternally derived antibodies (MDA). Conversely, a whole-inactivated virus (WIV) vaccine was associated with enhanced disease. This study was aimed at identifying immune correlates of cross-protection. Piglets with and without MDA received intramuscular adjuvanted WIV or intranasal LAIV, and were challenged with heterologous H3N2. WIV induced cross-reactive IgG, inhibited by MDA, and a moderate T cell response. LAIV elicited mucosal antibodies and T cells cross-reactive to the heterologous challenge strain. The presence of MDA at LAIV vaccination blocked lung and nasal antibody production, but did not interfere with T cell priming. Even without mucosal antibodies, MDA-positive LAIV vaccinates were protected, indicating a likely role for T cells. Based on the data, one LAIV dose can induce cell-mediated immunity against antigenically divergent H3N2 influenza virus despite passive antibody interference with humoral immune responses. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sandbulte, Matthew R.; Platt, Ratree; Roth, James A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Prevent Med, Ames, IA USA. [Henningson, Jamie N.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Diagnost Med Pathobiol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gibson, Kathleen A.; Rajao, Daniela S.; Loving, Crystal L.; Vincent, Amy L.] USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Vincent, AL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Virus & Prion Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amy.vincent@ars.usda.gov RI Roth, James/A-7122-2009; OI Roth, James/0000-0003-3562-668X; de Souza Rajao, Daniela/0000-0002-0772-0065 FU National Pork Board [11-061]; Boehringer Ingelheim-Vetmedica, Inc. (NPB) [11-061]; USDA-ARS [58-3625-0-612] FX The authors thank Veterinary Resources Inc., Ames, IA, for animal procurement, husbandry, and conduct of the challenge study. We thank Michelle Harland, Gwen Nordholm, Zahra Olson, Kayoko Kimura, and Thomas Skadow for laboratory technical assistance. Funding was provided by The National Pork Board (Grant #11-061), Boehringer Ingelheim-Vetmedica, Inc. (matching funds in NPB Grant #11-061), and USDA-ARS (Specific Cooperative Agreement No. 58-3625-0-612). The sponsors had no role in study design, data analysis, writing of the report, or the decision to submit for publication. The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendations or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP PY 2014 VL 464 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2014.06.027 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO7RJ UT WOS:000341550000006 PM 25043588 ER PT J AU Curado, G Grewell, BJ Figueroa, E Castillo, JM AF Curado, Guillermo Grewell, Brenda J. Figueroa, Enrique Castillo, Jesus M. TI Effectiveness of the Aquatic Halophyte Sarcocornia perennis spp. perennis as a Biotool for Ecological Restoration of Salt Marshes SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Metal accumulation; Odiel marshes; Phytostabilization; Soft engineering; Wetland restoration ID NITROGEN SEQUESTRATION CAPACITY; TAGUS ESTUARY PORTUGAL; IBERIAN PYRITE BELT; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; HEAVY-METALS; SMALL CORDGRASS; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; TRACE-METALS; WASTE-WATER; SW SPAIN AB Ecological restoration and creation of salt marshes is needed to compensate for their degradation and loss, but little is known about halophytes as plant biotools in restoration projects. The aim of this study was to evaluate Sarcocornia perennis spp. perennis, a common halophyte in European, Southern Africa and South America salt marshes, as a restoration biotool. We analysed S. perennis sedimentary habitat and quantified its biomass production and the concentration and stock of carbon, nitrogen and nine metals (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn) in the tissues of S. perennis, 28 months after plantation in an innovative restoration project in the Odiel Marshes. S. perennis had accumulated above-ground biomass values (c a. 1,600 g dry weight(DW) m(-2)) within the range recorded previously for natural populations, but root biomass was lower than for mature natural populations. S. perennis prairies accumulated 299 g C m(-2) year(-1) and 25 g N m(-2) year(-1). With the exception of Pb and As, plant transfer coefficient results document the ability of transplanted S. perennis to hyperaccumulate nearly every metal we measured. The highest metal concentrations were recorded in S. perennis ssp. perennis roots (translocation coefficient lower than 1.0 for every metal). Our results provide strong support for the use of S. perennis ssp. perennis transplants as a biotool for salt marsh restoration at low-medium elevations in the tidal gradient. Use of live vegetation for metal extraction may enhance other restoration functions including phytostabilization, reduced eutrophication and negative effects of climate change. C1 [Curado, Guillermo; Figueroa, Enrique; Castillo, Jesus M.] Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Fac Biol, E-41080 Seville, Spain. [Grewell, Brenda J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, USDA ARS Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Castillo, JM (reprint author), Univ Seville, Dept Biol Vegetal & Ecol, Fac Biol, Ap 1095, E-41080 Seville, Spain. EM manucas@us.es OI Castillo, Jesus M/0000-0003-1949-4349 FU Port Authority of Huelva FX We thank the Port Authority of Huelva for their sponsorship of the monitoring ecological engineering project in the Odiel Marshes. We also thank the microanalysis service of Centro de Investigacion, Tecnologia e Innovacion de la Universidad de Sevilla (CITIUS) for collaboration. NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 35 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 225 IS 9 AR 2108 DI 10.1007/s11270-014-2108-5 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA AP1NG UT WOS:000341836700028 ER PT J AU Allred, BJ Racharaks, R AF Allred, Barry J. Racharaks, Ratanachat TI Laboratory Comparison of Four Iron-Based Filter Materials for Drainage Water Phosphate Treatment SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE phosphate; iron-based filter materials; drainage water; water treatment ID PHOSPHORUS TRANSPORT; SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; REACTIVE BARRIER; SOILS; COMPONENTS AB A laboratory investigation evaluated phosphate (PO43-) drainage water treatment capabilities of four iron-based filter materials. The iron-based filter materials tested were zero-valent iron (ZVI), porous iron composite (PIC), sulfur modified iron (SMI), and iron oxide/hydroxide (IOH). Only filter material retained on a 60-mesh sieve (>0.25 mm) was used for evaluation. The laboratory investigation included saturated falling-head hydraulic conductivity tests, contaminant removal or desorption/dissolution batch tests, and low-to-high flow rate saturated solute transport column tests. Each of the four iron-based filter materials have sufficient water flow capacity as indicated by saturated hydraulic conductivity values that in most cases were greater than 1 3 10(-2) cm/s. For the 1, 10, and 100 ppm PO43--P contaminant removal batch tests, each of the four iron-based filter materials removed at least 95% of the PO43--P originally present. However, for the 1000 ppm PO43--P contaminant removal batch tests, IOH by far exhibited the greatest removal effectiveness (99% PO43--P removal), followed by SMI (72% PO43--P removal), then ZVI (62% PO43--P removal), and finally PIC (15% PO43--P removal). The desorption/dissolution batch test results, especially with respect to SMI and IOH, indicate that once PO43- is adsorbed/precipitated onto surfaces of iron-based filter material particles, this PO43- becomes fixed and is then not readily desorbed/dissolved back into solution. The results from the column tests showed that regardless of low or high flow rate (contact time ranged from a few hours to a few minutes) and PO43- concentration (1 ppm or 10 ppm PO43--P), PIC, SMI, and IOH reduced PO43--P concentrations to below detection limits, while ZVI removed at least 90% of the influent PO43--P. Consequently, these laboratory results indicate that the ZVI, PIC, SMI, and IOH filter materials all exhibit promise for phosphate drainage water treatment. C1 [Allred, Barry J.] USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Racharaks, Ratanachat] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Wooster, OH USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, 590 Woody Hayes Dr,Room 234, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM Barry.Allred@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 21 PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION PI ALEXANDRIA PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA SN 1061-4303 EI 1554-7531 J9 WATER ENVIRON RES JI Water Environ. Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 86 IS 9 BP 852 EP 862 DI 10.2175/106143014X13975035525942 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA AP1LY UT WOS:000341832800010 PM 25327026 ER PT J AU Curnutte, LB Simmons, AM Abd-Rabou, S AF Curnutte, Levi B. Simmons, Alvin M. Abd-Rabou, Shaaban TI Climate Change and Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae): Impacts of Temperature and Carbon Dioxide on Life History SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Bemisia tabaci; climate change; carbon dioxide; temperature; life history ID PLANT-HERBIVORE INTERACTIONS; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; HOST-PLANT; EVOLUTIONARY RESPONSES; ARGENTIFOLII HOMOPTERA; SWEET-POTATO; Q-BIOTYPE; WHITEFLIES; IDENTIFICATION; METAANALYSIS AB Climate change is relevant to life around the globe. A rise in ambient temperature and carbon dioxide (CO2) may have various impacts on arthropods such as altered life cycles, modified reproductive patterns, and changes in distribution. The sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a global pest responsible for significant losses of agricultural yields annually. This study was conducted to determine the impacts of changing temperature and CO2 levels on selected life history parameters of B. tabaci biotype B. Populations were established at three temperature regimes (25, 28, and 33 degrees C), and each population was evaluated in all three environments. Collard, Brassica oleracea ssp. acephala de Condolle (Brassicaceae), was used as the host. These results were based on data from 5 to approximate to 30 generations. Oviposition, nymphal survival, and reproduction were significantly affected by temperature, with net reproductive success declining to 36.4% at 33 degrees C. Overall, 28 degrees C was most favorable for whitefly fitness. However, the optimal temperature for B. tabaci reproduction may be between 28 and 33 degrees C. There were no temperature effects on total nonstructural carbohydrate concentrations in collard, and impacts of the host plant on whitefly development in the different environments were determined to be minimal. An environment of enriched CO2 (750 ppm) was not observed to have an adverse effect on whitefly reproduction. Temperature was negatively correlated with adult body size. Length and width of males and females were affected by temperature. Data regarding population dynamics of B. tabaci in response to climate change are important for accurate predictions and improving management practices. C1 [Curnutte, Levi B.] Coll Charleston, Environm Studies Program, Charleston, SC 29424 USA. [Simmons, Alvin M.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. [Abd-Rabou, Shaaban] ARC, Plant Protect Res Inst, Minist Agr, Giza, Egypt. RP Simmons, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM alvin.simmons@ars.usda.gov OI Abd-Rabou, Shaaban/0000-0002-9162-7057 FU U.S.-Egyptian Science and Technology Joint Fund (STDF); U.S. Department of Agriculture; Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture [3732] FX We thank Bradford Peck, April Bisner, Zachary Powe, Zanard Choice, Brian Ward, and Shawna Rodgers for their technical assistance, and D. Michael Jackson and Amnon Levi for suggestions on earlier versions of the manuscript. This study was supported by the U.S.-Egyptian Science and Technology Joint Fund (STDF) in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Egyptian Ministry of Agriculture under Project 3732. This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation for its use by USDA. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 59 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0013-8746 EI 1938-2901 J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 107 IS 5 BP 933 EP 943 DI 10.1603/AN13143 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AO8AP UT WOS:000341574900006 ER PT J AU Muzyka, D Pantin-Jackwood, M Stegniy, B Rula, O Bolotin, V Stegniy, A Gerilovych, A Shutchenko, P Stegniy, M Koshelev, V Maiorova, K Tkachenko, S Muzyka, N Usova, L Afonso, CL AF Muzyka, Denys Pantin-Jackwood, Mary Stegniy, Borys Rula, Oleksandr Bolotin, Vitaliy Stegniy, Anton Gerilovych, Anton Shutchenko, Pavlo Stegniy, Maryna Koshelev, Vasyl Maiorova, Klavdii Tkachenko, Semen Muzyka, Nataliia Usova, Larysa Afonso, Claudio L. TI Wild Bird Surveillance for Avian Paramyxoviruses in the Azov-Black Sea Region of Ukraine (2006 to 2011) Reveals Epidemiological Connections with Europe and Africa SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; FAMILY PARAMYXOVIRIDAE; SEROLOGICAL SURVEY; AQUATIC MAMMALS; FRUIT BATS; INFLUENZA; TURKEYS; SEROTYPE-2 AB Despite the existence of 10 avian paramyxovirus (APMV) serotypes, very little is known about the distribution, host species, and ecological factors affecting virus transmission. To better understand the relationship among these factors, we conducted APMV wild bird surveillance in regions of Ukraine suspected of being intercontinental (north to south and east to west) flyways. Surveillance for APMV was conducted in 6,735 wild birds representing 86 species and 8 different orders during 2006 to 2011 through different seasons. Twenty viruses were isolated and subsequently identified as APMV-1 (n = 9), APMV-4 (n = 4), APMV-6 (n = 3), and APMV-7 (n = 4). The highest isolation rate occurred during the autumn migration (0.61%), with viruses isolated from mallards, teals, dunlins, and a wigeon. The rate of isolation was lower during winter (December to March) (0.32%), with viruses isolated from ruddy shelducks, mallards, white-fronted geese, and a starling. During spring migration, nesting, and postnesting (April to August) no APMV strains were isolated out of 1,984 samples tested. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of four APMV-1 and two APMV-4 viruses showed that one APMV-1 virus belonging to class 1 was epidemiologically linked to viruses from China, three class II APMV-1 viruses were epidemiologically connected with viruses from Nigeria and Luxembourg, and one APMV-4 virus was related to goose viruses from Egypt. In summary, we have identified the wild bird species most likely to be infected with APMV, and our data support possible intercontinental transmission of APMVs by wild birds. C1 [Muzyka, Denys; Stegniy, Borys; Rula, Oleksandr; Bolotin, Vitaliy; Stegniy, Anton; Gerilovych, Anton; Shutchenko, Pavlo; Stegniy, Maryna; Koshelev, Vasyl; Maiorova, Klavdii; Tkachenko, Semen; Muzyka, Nataliia; Usova, Larysa] Natl Sci Ctr, Inst Expt & Clin Vet Med, Kharkov, Ukraine. [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary; Afonso, Claudio L.] ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Muzyka, D (reprint author), Natl Sci Ctr, Inst Expt & Clin Vet Med, Kharkov, Ukraine. EM dmuzyka77@gmail.com FU USDA project through the Ukrainian Science and Technology Center [P444] FX Part of the research was funded by USDA project P444, through the Ukrainian Science and Technology Center. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 23 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 80 IS 17 BP 5427 EP 5438 DI 10.1128/AEM.00733-14 PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AO6UF UT WOS:000341486500028 PM 24973063 ER PT J AU Krysciak, D Grote, J Orbegoso, MR Utpatel, C Forstner, KU Li, L Schmeisser, C Krishnan, HB Streit, WR AF Krysciak, Dagmar Grote, Jessica Orbegoso, Mariita Rodriguez Utpatel, Christian Foerstner, Konrad U. Li, Lei Schmeisser, Christel Krishnan, Hari B. Streit, Wolfgang R. TI RNA Sequencing Analysis of the Broad-Host-Range Strain Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 Identifies a Large Set of Genes Linked to Quorum Sensing-Dependent Regulation in the Background of a traI and ngrI Deletion Mutant SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMID CONJUGAL TRANSFER; NITROGEN-FIXING SYMBIONT; RHIZOBIUM SP NGR234; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; TI PLASMID; BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; PROTEIN SECRETION; STATIONARY-PHASE; AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; MOLECULAR-BASIS AB The alphaproteobacterium Sinorhizobium fredii NGR234 has an exceptionally wide host range, as it forms nitrogen-fixing nodules with more legumes than any other known microsymbiont. Within its 6.9-Mbp genome, it encodes two N-acyl-homoserine-lactone synthase genes (i.e., traI and ngrI) involved in the biosynthesis of two distinct autoinducer I-type molecules. Here, we report on the construction of an NGR234-Delta traI and an NGR234-Delta ngrI mutant and their genome-wide transcriptome analysis. A high-resolution RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of early-stationary-phase cultures in the NGR234-Delta traI background suggested that up to 316 genes were differentially expressed in the NGR234-Delta traI mutant versus the parent strain. Similarly, in the background of NGR234-Delta ngrI 466 differentially regulated genes were identified. Accordingly, a common set of 186 genes was regulated by the TraI/R and NgrI/R regulon. Coregulated genes included 42 flagellar biosynthesis genes and 22 genes linked to exopolysaccharide (EPS) biosynthesis. Among the genes and open reading frames (ORFs) that were differentially regulated in NGR234-Delta traI were those linked to replication of the pNGR234a symbiotic plasmid and cytochrome c oxidases. Biotin and pyrroloquinoline quinone biosynthesis genes were differentially expressed in the NGR234-Delta ngrI mutant as well as the entire cluster of 21 genes linked to assembly of the NGR234 type III secretion system (T3SS-II). Further, we also discovered that genes responsible for rhizopine catabolism in NGR234 were strongly repressed in the presence of high levels of N-acyl-homoserine-lactones. Together with nodulation assays, the RNA-seq-based findings suggested that quorum sensing (QS)-dependent gene regulation appears to be of higher relevance during nonsymbiotic growth rather than for life within root nodules. C1 [Krysciak, Dagmar; Grote, Jessica; Orbegoso, Mariita Rodriguez; Utpatel, Christian; Schmeisser, Christel; Streit, Wolfgang R.] Univ Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Abt Mikrobiol & Biotechnol, Hamburg, Germany. [Foerstner, Konrad U.; Li, Lei] Univ Wurzburg, Core Unit Syst Med, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. [Li, Lei] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Mol Infekt Biol, D-97070 Wurzburg, Germany. [Krishnan, Hari B.] Univ Missouri, Plant Genet Res Unit, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO USA. RP Streit, WR (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Biozentrum Klein Flottbek, Abt Mikrobiol & Biotechnol, Hamburg, Germany. EM wolfgang.streit@uni-hamburg.de RI Li, Lei/S-9028-2016 OI Li, Lei/0000-0003-3924-2544 FU German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the ChemBiofilm network project; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [STR451/7-1, SPP1617] FX This work was kindly funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) within the framework of the ChemBiofilm network project and by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft through grant STR451/7-1 within the SPP1617 priority program. NR 99 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 46 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 80 IS 18 BP 5655 EP 5671 DI 10.1128/AEM.01835-14 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AO6UV UT WOS:000341488200011 PM 25002423 ER PT J AU Dykstra, HR Weldon, SR Martinez, AJ White, JA Hopper, KR Heimpel, GE Asplen, MK Oliver, KM AF Dykstra, Hannah R. Weldon, Stephanie R. Martinez, Adam J. White, Jennifer A. Hopper, Keith R. Heimpel, George E. Asplen, Mark K. Oliver, Kerry M. TI Factors Limiting the Spread of the Protective Symbiont Hamiltonella defensa in Aphis craccivora Aphids SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACULTATIVE BACTERIAL ENDOSYMBIONTS; ECOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT TRAITS; MALE-KILLING WOLBACHIA; ACYRTHOSIPHON-PISUM; PEA APHID; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; CONFERRED RESISTANCE; SECONDARY SYMBIONTS; HORIZONTAL TRANSFER; GENETIC-STRUCTURE AB Many insects are associated with heritable symbionts that mediate ecological interactions, including host protection against natural enemies. The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora, is a polyphagous pest that harbors Hamiltonella defensa, which defends against parasitic wasps. Despite this protective benefit, this symbiont occurs only at intermediate frequencies in field populations. To identify factors constraining H. defensa invasion in Ap. craccivora, we estimated symbiont transmission rates, performed fitness assays, and measured infection dynamics in population cages to evaluate effects of infection. Similar to results with the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, we found no consistent costs to infection using component fitness assays, but we did identify clear costs to infection in population cages when no enemies were present. Maternal transmission rates of H. defensa in Ap. craccivora were high (ca. 99%) but not perfect. Transmission failures and infection costs likely limit the spread of protective H. defensa in Ap. craccivora. We also characterized several parameters of H. defensa infection potentially relevant to the protective phenotype. We confirmed the presence of H. defensa in aphid hemolymph, where it potentially interacts with endoparasites, and performed real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) to estimate symbiont and phage abundance during aphid development. We also examined strain variation of H. defensa and its bacteriophage at multiple loci, and despite our lines being collected in different regions of North America, they were infected with a nearly identical strains of H. defensa and APSE4 phage. The limited strain diversity observed for these defensive elements may result in relatively static protection profile for this defensive symbiosis. C1 [Dykstra, Hannah R.; Weldon, Stephanie R.; Martinez, Adam J.; Oliver, Kerry M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [White, Jennifer A.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Hopper, Keith R.] ARS, USDA, Newark, DC USA. [Heimpel, George E.; Asplen, Mark K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN USA. RP Oliver, KM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM kmoliver@uga.edu OI Weldon, Stephanie/0000-0001-5384-9946 FU USDA-AFRI [2009-65104-05983] FX This work was funded by USDA-AFRI grant 2009-65104-05983. NR 75 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 67 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 80 IS 18 BP 5818 EP 5827 DI 10.1128/AEM.01775-14 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AO6UV UT WOS:000341488200028 PM 25015890 ER PT J AU Gaskell, J Marty, A Mozuch, M Kersten, PJ BonDurant, SS Sabat, G Azarpira, A Ralph, J Skyba, O Mansfield, SD Blanchette, RA Cullen, D AF Gaskell, Jill Marty, Amber Mozuch, Michael Kersten, Philip J. BonDurant, Sandra Splinter Sabat, Grzegorz Azarpira, Ali Ralph, John Skyba, Oleksandr Mansfield, Shawn D. Blanchette, Robert A. Cullen, Dan TI Influence of Populus Genotype on Gene Expression by the Wood Decay Fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASE FAMILY; CELLOBIOSE DEHYDROGENASE; HETEROLOGOUS EXPRESSION; EXTRACELLULAR PROTEINS; GLOEOPHYLLUM-TRABEUM; SECRETOME ANALYSIS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ROT FUNGI; LIGNIN; DEGRADATION AB We examined gene expression patterns in the lignin-degrading fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium when it colonizes hybrid poplar (Populus alba x tremula) and syringyl (S)-rich transgenic derivatives. A combination of microarrays and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) allowed detection of a total of 9,959 transcripts and 793 proteins. Comparisons of P. chrysosporium transcript abundance in medium containing poplar or glucose as a sole carbon source showed 113 regulated genes, 11 of which were significantly higher (> 2-fold, P < 0.05) in transgenic line 64 relative to the parental line. Possibly related to the very large amounts of syringyl (S) units in this transgenic tree (94 mol% S), several oxidoreductases were among the upregulated genes. Peptides corresponding to a total of 18 oxidoreductases were identified in medium consisting of biomass from line 64 or 82 (85 mol% S) but not in the parental clone (65 mol% S). These results demonstrate that P. chrysosporium gene expression patterns are substantially influenced by lignin composition. C1 [Gaskell, Jill; Mozuch, Michael; Kersten, Philip J.; Cullen, Dan] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Marty, Amber] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [BonDurant, Sandra Splinter; Sabat, Grzegorz] Univ Wisconsin, Genet & Biotechnol Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Azarpira, Ali; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Azarpira, Ali; Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Skyba, Oleksandr; Mansfield, Shawn D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Wood Sci, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Blanchette, Robert A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN USA. RP Cullen, D (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dcullen@wisc.edu FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2007-35504-18257]; Agriculture and Food Research Initiative [2011-67009-20056]; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to the Forest Products Laboratory; Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (grant 2007-35504-18257) and by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative, grant number 2011-67009-20056, from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture to the Forest Products Laboratory. A.A. and J.R. were funded in part by the Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE Office of Science BER DE-FC02-07ER64494). NR 54 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 80 IS 18 BP 5828 EP 5835 DI 10.1128/AEM.01604-14 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AO6UV UT WOS:000341488200029 PM 25015893 ER PT J AU Bansal, S Jochum, T Wardle, DA Nilsson, MC AF Bansal, Sheel Jochum, Till Wardle, David A. Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte TI The interactive effects of surface-burn severity and canopy cover on conifer and broadleaf tree seedling ecophysiology SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article DE boreal forest; fire severity; fire management; foliar nutrients; photosynthesis; respiration; scarification; tree seedling regeneration ID SWEDISH BOREAL FOREST; ISLAND AREA GRADIENT; NORTHERN SWEDEN; FIRE SEVERITY; NATIONAL-PARK; REGENERATION; WILDFIRE; SOIL; NITROGEN; GROWTH AB Fire has an important role for regeneration of many boreal forest tree species, and this includes both wildfire and prescribed burning following clear-cutting. Depending on the severity, fire can have a variety of effects on above-and below-ground properties that impact tree seedling establishment. Very little is known about the impacts of ground fire severity on post-fire seedling performance, or how the effects of fire severity interact with those of canopy structure. We conducted a full-factorial experiment that manipulated surface-burn severity (no burn; light, medium, or heavy burn; or scarification) and canopy (closed forest or open clear-cut) to reveal their interactive effects on ecophysiological traits of establishing broadleaf and conifer seedlings in a Swedish boreal forest. Medium and heavy surface burns increased seedling growth, photosynthesis, respiration, and foliar N and P concentrations, and these effects were most apparent in open clear-cuts. Growth rates of all species responded similarly to surface-burn treatments, although photosynthesis, foliar P, and specific leaf area were more responsive to burning treatments for broadleaf species than for conifers. Our study demonstrates that the positive impacts of fire on tree seedling physiology are dependent on a minimum severity threshold and are more effective when combined with clear-cutting. C1 [Bansal, Sheel; Jochum, Till; Wardle, David A.; Nilsson, Marie-Charlotte] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. RP Bansal, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Olympia Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific NW Res Stn, Olympia, WA 98512 USA. EM sheelbansal9@gmail.com RI Wardle, David/F-6031-2011; Nilsson Hegethorn, Marie-Charlotte/B-1802-2017; OI Wardle, David/0000-0002-0476-7335; Nilsson Hegethorn, Marie-Charlotte/0000-0002-9254-2223; Bansal, Sheel/0000-0003-1233-1707 FU TC4F FX We foremost thank all technicians at the Unit for Forest Field Based Research, SLU, Vindeln and Kelly Gundale, for help with sample preparation. Stiftelsen Professor Lars Tirens donation 1958 and TC4F are acknowledged for funding this work. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 38 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 EI 1208-6037 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 44 IS 9 BP 1032 EP 1041 DI 10.1139/cjfr-2014-0112 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AO7FK UT WOS:000341517400005 ER PT J AU Bowman, AS Nelson, SW Page, SL Nolting, JM Killian, ML Sreevatsan, S Slemons, RD AF Bowman, Andrew S. Nelson, Sarah W. Page, Shannon L. Nolting, Jacqueline M. Killian, Mary L. Sreevatsan, Srinand Slemons, Richard D. TI Swine-to-Human Transmission of Influenza A(H3N2) Virus at Agricultural Fairs, Ohio, USA, 2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VARIANT VIRUS; A VIRUSES; HUMAN INFECTIONS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; ANIMAL INFLUENZA; COUNTY FAIR; H3N2 VIRUS; ORIGIN; PIGS AB Agricultural fairs provide an opportunity for bidirectional transmission of influenza A viruses. We sought to determine influenza A virus activity among swine at fairs in the United States. As part of an ongoing active influenza A virus surveillance project, nasal swab samples were collected from exhibition swine at 40 selected Ohio agricultural fairs during 2012. Influenza A(H3N2) virus was isolated from swine at 10 of the fairs. According to a concurrent public health investigation, 7 of the 10 fairs were epidemiologically linked to confirmed human infections with influenza A(H3N2) variant virus. Comparison of genome sequences of the subtype H3N2 isolates recovered from humans and swine from each fair revealed nucleotide identities of >99.7%, confirming zoonotic transmission between swine and humans. All influenza A(H3N2) viruses isolated in this study, regardless of host species or fair, were >99.5% identical, indicating that 1 virus strain was widely circulating among exhibition swine in Ohio during 2012. C1 [Bowman, Andrew S.; Nelson, Sarah W.; Nolting, Jacqueline M.; Slemons, Richard D.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Page, Shannon L.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Killian, Mary L.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Sreevatsan, Srinand] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bowman, AS (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Prevent Med, 1920 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM bowman.214@osu.edu RI Nolting, Jacqueline/C-4464-2015; OI Sreevatsan, Srinand/0000-0002-5162-2403 FU Minnesota Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance; Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN266200700007C]; US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratory FX Sequencing of the influenza A(H3N2v) virus isolates from humans was performed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Influenza Division. This work has been funded by the Minnesota Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance with federal funds from the Centers of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under contract no. HHSN266200700007C; and the US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, National Veterinary Services Laboratory. Any mention of trade names or commercial products is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 11 U2 17 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2014 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1472 EP 1480 DI 10.3201/eid2009.131082 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AO3JY UT WOS:000341226700005 PM 25148572 ER PT J AU Deng, XY Desai, PT den Bakker, HC Mikoleit, M Tolar, B Trees, E Hendriksen, RS Frye, JG Porwollik, S Weimer, BC Wiedmann, M Weinstock, GM Fields, PI McClelland, M AF Deng, Xiangyu Desai, Prerak T. den Bakker, Henk C. Mikoleit, Matthew Tolar, Beth Trees, Eija Hendriksen, Rene S. Frye, Jonathan G. Porwollik, Steffen Weimer, Bart C. Wiedmann, Martin Weinstock, George M. Fields, Patricia I. McClelland, Michael TI Genomic Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serotype Enteritidis based on Population Structure of Prevalent Lineages SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TANDEM REPEAT ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; EVOLUTIONARY; RECOMBINATION; PHYLOGENETICS; TRANSMISSION; PATHOGENS; OUTBREAKS; SELECTION; ORIGINS AB Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis is one of the most commonly reported causes of human salmonellosis. Its low genetic diversity, measured by fingerprinting methods, has made subtyping a challenge. We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize 125 S. enterica Enteritidis and 3 S. enterica serotype Nitra strains. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were filtered to identify 4,887 reliable loci that distinguished all isolates from each other. Our whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism typing approach was robust for S. enterica Enteritidis subtyping with combined data for different strains from 2 different sequencing platforms. Five major genetic lineages were recognized, which revealed possible patterns of geographic and epidemiologic distribution. Analyses on the population dynamics and evolutionary history estimated that major lineages emerged during the 17th-18th centuries and diversified during the 1920s and 1950s. C1 [Deng, Xiangyu] Univ Georgia, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Desai, Prerak T.; Porwollik, Steffen; McClelland, Michael] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [den Bakker, Henk C.; Wiedmann, Martin] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Mikoleit, Matthew; Tolar, Beth; Trees, Eija; Fields, Patricia I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hendriksen, Rene S.] Tech Univ Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Frye, Jonathan G.] USDA, Athens, GA USA. [Weimer, Bart C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Weinstock, George M.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. RP Deng, XY (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, 1109 Expt St, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM xdeng@uga.edu RI Wiedmann, Martin/A-9683-2008; den Bakker, Henk/A-8136-2010; OI Wiedmann, Martin/0000-0002-4168-5662; den Bakker, Henk/0000-0002-4086-1580; Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395; McClelland, Michael/0000-0003-1788-9347 FU American Society for Microbiology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fellowship; University of Georgia; National Institutes of Health [AI039557 AI052237, AI073971, AI075093, AI077645 AI083646, HHSN272200900040C]; US Department of Agriculture (USDA) [2009-03579, 2011-67017-30127]; Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; Center for Produce Safety; USDA Agricultural Research Services project [6612-32000-006-00]; USDA [2010-34459-20756] FX X.D. was supported in part by an American Society for Microbiology/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Fellowship and startup funds from University of Georgia. M.M., S.P., and P.D. were supported in part by National Institutes of Health grant nos. AI039557 AI052237, AI073971, AI075093, AI077645 AI083646, and HHSN272200900040C; US Department of Agriculture (USDA) grant nos. 2009-03579 and 2011-67017-30127; the Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund; and a grant from the Center for Produce Safety. J.G.F was supported by USDA Agricultural Research Services project no. 6612-32000-006-00. H.dB. and M.W. were supported in part by USDA grant no. 2010-34459-20756 NR 40 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 14 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD SEP PY 2014 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1481 EP 1489 DI 10.3201/eid2009.131095 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AO3JY UT WOS:000341226700006 PM 25147968 ER PT J AU Gebauer, SK Tracy, RP Baer, DJ AF Gebauer, S. K. Tracy, R. P. Baer, D. J. TI Impact of stearic acid and oleic acid on hemostatic factors in the context of controlled diets consumed by healthy men SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PLASMA; MARKERS; DISEASE; RISK AB The effects of stearic acid (STA) on cardiovascular disease risk beyond lipid and lipoprotein risk factors, including hemostasis, are unclear, particularly when compared with unsaturated fatty acids. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of STA with those of oleic acid (OL) on markers of hemostasis. In a randomized crossover study, 50 men consumed six controlled diets for 5 weeks each (39% energy from fat, 15% energy from protein, 46% energy from carbohydrate (CHO)). Fat (8% energy) was replaced across diets by: STA, OL, CHO (control), trans fatty acids (TFAs), TFA/STA and 12:0-16:0 saturated fatty acids. Factor Vllc, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and plasmin alpha-2-antiplasmin complex concentrations were not different between OL and STA (P>0.05). Compared with control, OL increased factor Vllc and PAI-1 (P <= 0.05), whereas there were no differences with STA (P>0.05). STA and OL similarly affect markers of hemostasis in healthy men, within the context of a highly controlled diet. C1 [Gebauer, S. K.; Baer, D. J.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tracy, R. P.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Colchester, VT USA. RP Baer, DJ (reprint author), ARS, Food Components & Hlth Lab, USDA, 307B Ctr Rd,Room 213, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.baer@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture & International Life Sciences Institute FX Funding for this study was received from the US Department of Agriculture & International Life Sciences Institute. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0954-3007 EI 1476-5640 J9 EUR J CLIN NUTR JI Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 68 IS 9 BP 1072 EP 1074 DI 10.1038/ejcn.2014.62 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AO2PV UT WOS:000341168600016 PM 24736679 ER PT J AU Shjerve, RA Faris, JD Brueggeman, RS Yan, CH Zhu, Y Koladia, V Friesen, TL AF Shjerve, Rachel A. Faris, Justin D. Brueggeman, Robert S. Yan, Changhui Zhu, Ya Koladia, Vaidehi Friesen, Timothy L. TI Evaluation of a Pyrenophora teres f. teres mapping population reveals multiple independent interactions with a region of barley chromosome 6H SO FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Necrotrophic effector triggered susceptibility; Genotype by sequencing; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Pyrenophora teres; Net form net blotch ID HOST-SELECTIVE TOXINS; NET BLOTCH; PATHOGENIC VARIATION; DRECHSLERA-TERES; NECROTROPHIC PATHOGENS; DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY; STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM; RESISTANCE GENE; MAJOR GENES; VIRULENCE AB The necrotrophic fungal pathogen Pyrenophora teres f. teres causes the foliar disease net form net blotch (NFNB) on barley. To investigate the genetics of virulence in the barley- P. teres f. teres pathosystem, we evaluated 118 progeny derived from a cross between the California isolates 15A and 6A on the barley lines Rika and Kombar, chosen based on their differential reactions to isolates 15A and 6A for NFNB disease. Genetic maps generated with SNP, SSR, and AFLP markers were scanned for quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with virulence in P. teres f. teres. Loci underlying two major QTL, VR1 and VR2, were associated with virulence on Rika barley, accounting for 35% and 20% of the disease reaction type variation, respectively. Two different loci, VK1 and VK2, were shown to underlie two major QTL associated with virulence on Kombar barley accounting for 26% and 19% of the disease reaction type variation, respectively. Progeny isolates harboring VK1, VK2, or VR2 alone were inoculated onto a Rika x Kombar recombinant inbred line mapping population and the susceptibility induced by each pathogen genotype corresponded to the same region on barley chromosome 6H as that identified for the parental isolates 15A and 6A. The data presented here indicate that the P. teres f. teres - barley interaction can at least partially be explained by pathogen-produced necrotrophic effectors (NEs) that interact with dominant barley susceptibility genes resulting in NE triggered susceptibility (NETS). Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Shjerve, Rachel A.; Brueggeman, Robert S.; Koladia, Vaidehi; Friesen, Timothy L.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Faris, Justin D.; Friesen, Timothy L.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. [Yan, Changhui; Zhu, Ya] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. RP Friesen, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58102 USA. EM timothy.friesen@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-NIFA-AFRI [2011-68002-30029]; North Dakota Barley Council; USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-22000-048-00D] FX Authors thank Drs. Melvin Bolton and Shaobin Zhong for critical review of the manuscript and Danielle Holmes for technical assistance. This research was supported by funding from USDA-NIFA-AFRI grant #2011-68002-30029 (T-CAP), the North Dakota Barley Council, and USDA-ARS CRIS Project No. 5442-22000-048-00D. NR 52 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1087-1845 EI 1096-0937 J9 FUNGAL GENET BIOL JI Fungal Genet. Biol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 70 BP 104 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.fgb.2014.07.012 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mycology GA AO8PP UT WOS:000341617000012 PM 25093269 ER PT J AU Krishnan, S Gustafson, MB Campbell, C Gaikwad, NW Keim, NL AF Krishnan, Sridevi Gustafson, Mary B. Campbell, Caitlin Gaikwad, Nilesh W. Keim, Nancy L. TI Association between circulating endogenous androgens and insulin sensitivity changes with exercise training in midlife women SO MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Physical activity; Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate; Insulin sensitivity ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE-SULFATE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MENOPAUSAL TRANSITION; BREAST-CANCER; RESISTANCE; FITNESS; WEIGHT; HEART AB Objective: Aging induces a shift in circulating hormones in women, accompanied by weight gain during the late reproductive, menopausal transition, and postmenopausal years. Exercise has been shown to counter weight gain; however, it might increase circulating androgens. A 6-month aerobic and resistance training exercise regimen was implemented to examine interrelationships between circulating sex hormones, body composition, aerobic capacity, insulin sensitivity, and insulin resistance. Methods: Twenty-eight women, aged 42 to 52 years, completed the 6-month intervention study. They were randomly assigned to either a control (CON; n = 10) group-and maintained their sedentary lifestyle-or an exercise intervention (EXE; n = 18) group. The exercise intervention consisted of combined aerobic and resistance workouts scheduled 6 days/week for 60 minutes/day. Body weight, composition, VO2 peak, plasma insulin, glucose, lipid profile, estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) were measured at baseline and on month 6. Insulin sensitivity was estimated using the insulin sensitivity index and the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, whereas insulin resistance was estimated using the homeostatic model for insulin resistance. Results: There was a trend toward increased DHEAS in both groups (P < 0.1), but not as a function of the intervention. Insulin sensitivity index increased in the EXE group compared with the CON group (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression indicated that, at 6 months, DHEAS was a negative contributor to insulin sensitivity in the EXE group, but not in the CON group. Conclusions: In midlife women, an increase in circulating DHEAS, such as that previously reported during the menopausal transition, is associated with higher insulin resistance, but exercise can mitigate this risk by improving insulin sensitivity, thereby countering the effects of DHEAS. C1 [Krishnan, Sridevi; Campbell, Caitlin; Gaikwad, Nilesh W.; Keim, Nancy L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gustafson, Mary B.; Campbell, Caitlin] ARS, Physiol Support Lab, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gaikwad, Nilesh W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Toxicol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keim, Nancy L.] ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Keim, NL (reprint author), ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, 430 West Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM nancy.keim@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Services intramural research project [5306-51530-019-00D] FX Funding/support: This study was supported by US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Services intramural research project 5306-51530-019-00D. The US Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1072-3714 EI 1530-0374 J9 MENOPAUSE JI Menopause-J. N. Am. Menopause Soc. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 21 IS 9 BP 967 EP 974 DI 10.1097/gme.0000000000000198 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AO7JN UT WOS:000341529400011 PM 24496084 ER PT J AU Giardina, CP Litton, CM Crow, SE Asner, GP AF Giardina, Christian P. Litton, Creighton M. Crow, Susan E. Asner, Gregory P. TI Warming-related increases in soil CO2 effux are explained by increased below-ground carbon flux SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID MEAN ANNUAL TEMPERATURE; ORGANIC-MATTER; DECOMPOSITION RATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST; STORAGE; RESPIRATION; VARIABILITY; FEEDBACKS; EFFLUX AB The universally observed exponential increase in soil-surface CO2 efflux ('soil respiration'; F-S) with increasing temperature has led to speculation that global warming will accelerate soil-organic-carbon (SOC) decomposition(1), reduce SOC storage, and drive a positive feedback to future warming(2). However, interpreting temperature-FS relationships, and so modelling terrestrial carbon balance in a warmer world, is complicated by the many sources of respired carbon that contribute to F-S (ref. 3) and a poor understanding of how temperature influences SOC decomposition rates(4). Here we quantified F-S, litterfall, bulk SOC and SOC fraction size and turnover, and total below-ground carbon flux (TBCF) across a highly constrained 5.2 degrees C mean annual temperature (MAT) gradient in tropical montane wet forest(5). From these, we determined that: increases in TBCF and litterfall explain >90% of the increase in F-S with MAT; bulk SOC and SOC fraction size and turnover rate do not vary with MAT; and increases in TBCF and litterfall do not influence SOC storage or turnover on century to millennial timescales. This gradient study shows that for tropical montane wet forest, long-term and whole-ecosystem warming accelerates below-ground carbon processes with no apparent impact on SOC storage. C1 [Giardina, Christian P.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Giardina, Christian P.; Litton, Creighton M.; Crow, Susan E.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Asner, Gregory P.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Giardina, CP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, 60 Nowelo St, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. EM cgiardina@fs.fed.us RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011; Asner, Gregory/G-9268-2013 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073; Asner, Gregory/0000-0001-7893-6421 FU National Science Foundation; College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources at the University of Hawaii at Manoa; Carnegie Institution for Science; Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service; Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service FX We thank M. Long, J. Albano, M. Koontz, R. Mosley, J. Johansen, B. Hwang, K. Kinney and K. Kaneshiro for assistance with data collection, C. Fissore for assembling previously published radiocarbon data, T. Giambelluca for assistance with climate analyses, and D. Binkley, M. Busse, P. Selmants and D. Levinson for reviews of earlier versions of the manuscript. We thank the National Science Foundation (C. M. L. and C. P. G.), the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources at the University of Hawaii at Manoa (C. M. L.), the Pacific Southwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service (C. P. G), and the Carnegie Institution for Science (G. P. A.) for funding to establish the study, collect flux data, and process and analyse soil samples. We thank C. Swanston and K. Heckman of the Northern Research Station, USDA Forest Service for funding, preparation and bulk SOC radiocarbon analyses at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; P. Reimer and the 14CHRONO Centre for Climate, the Environment, and Chronology, Queen's University Belfast for radiocarbon analyses of SOC fractions; the USDA Forest Service, the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife and the Parker Ranch for access to research plots in the Hawaii Experimental Tropical Forest; the US Fish and Wildlife Service for access to plots in Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. The Carnegie Airborne Observatory is made possible by the Andrew Mellon Foundation, John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, Avatar Alliance Foundation, Grantham Foundation for the Protection of the Environment, Mary Anne Nyburg Baker and G. Leonard Baker Jr., and William R. Hearst III. NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 8 U2 116 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 4 IS 9 BP 822 EP 827 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2322 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA AO7YS UT WOS:000341569700027 ER PT J AU Urban, LE McCrory, MA Rasmussen, H Greenberg, AS Fuss, PJ Saltzman, E Roberts, SB AF Urban, Lorien E. McCrory, Megan A. Rasmussen, Helen Greenberg, Andrew S. Fuss, Paul J. Saltzman, Edward Roberts, Susan B. TI Independent, Additive Effects of Five Dietary Variables on Ad Libitum Energy Intake in a Residential Study SO OBESITY LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING HUMANS; WEIGHT-LOSS; BODY-WEIGHT; METABOLIC SYNDROME; GLYCEMIC LOAD; US ADULTS; DENSITY; OVERWEIGHT; ASSOCIATION; FIBER AB Objective: To examine the relationship between dietary characteristics of self-selected foods and energy balance in a cafeteria-style dining hall. Methods: Ad libitum dietary intake from a self-selection menu was measured over two days in 151 adults (70% female, mean age 41 years, mean BMI 24.9 kg/m(2)). The associations of dietary variables with energy balance (calculated as measured energy intake/predicted energy requirements, pER) were assessed. Results: Measured energy intake was significantly correlated with pER (R-2 = 50.83, P < 0.001). In mixed multiple regression models, percent energy from protein was negatively associated with energy balance (R-2 = 0.04, P = 0.02), and percent energy from liquid sources (R-2 = 0.02, P = 0.05), total dietary variety in females (R-2 = 0.39, P < 0.001), and energy density (R-2 = 0.57, P < 0.001) were positively associated with energy balance. In addition, glycemic index was inversely associated with energy balance in normal-weight individuals (R-2 = 0.14, P < 0.001) but not in overweight or obese individuals. Conclusions: There are independent associations of dietary protein, liquid calories, energy density, dietary variety, and glycemic index with energy balance, indicating additive effects of these dietary factors on energy intake and energy balance. Intervention studies are needed to determine whether dietary prescriptions combining these dietary factors facilitate long-term prevention of weight gain. C1 [Urban, Lorien E.; Rasmussen, Helen; Greenberg, Andrew S.; Fuss, Paul J.; Saltzman, Edward; Roberts, Susan B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [McCrory, Megan A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Foods & Nutr, Dept Psychol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [McCrory, Megan A.] Purdue Univ, IBRC, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Roberts, SB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM susan.roberts@tufts.edu FU US Department of Agriculture [58-1950-0-014]; Tufts University; [DK046124]; [DK73321] FX Funding for this project was provided by DK046124, DK73321 and by the US Department of Agriculture through agreement No. 58-1950-0-014 with Tufts University. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD SEP PY 2014 VL 22 IS 9 BP 2018 EP 2025 DI 10.1002/oby.20798 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AO8BR UT WOS:000341578000015 PM 24862555 ER PT J AU Simons, CW Hunt-Schmidt, E Simsek, S Hall, C Biswas, A AF Simons, Courtney W. Hunt-Schmidt, Emily Simsek, Senay Hall, Clifford Biswas, Atanu TI Texturized Pinto Bean Protein Fortification in Straight Dough Bread Formulation SO PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Texturized bean protein; Lysine; Bread; Dough, amino acid ID CONCENTRATED PLANT-PROTEINS; BRAN PARTICLE-SIZE; WHEAT BRAN; PHYTIC ACID; EXTRUSION; NAVY; FLOUR; SOLUBILITY; QUALITY AB Pinto beans were milled and then air-classified to obtain a raw high protein fraction (RHPF) followed by extrusion to texturize the protein fraction. The texturized high protein fraction (THPF) was then milled to obtain flour, and combined with wheat flour at 5, 10, and 15 % levels to make bread. The air-classification process produced flour with high concentration of lipids and phytic acid in the protein-rich fraction. However, extrusion significantly reduced hexane extractable lipid and phytic acid. However, the reduction observed may simply indicate a reduction in recovery due to bind with other components. Total protein and lysine contents in composite flours increased significantly as THPF levels increased in composite flour. Bread made with 5 % THPF had 48 % more lysine than the 100 % wheat flour (control). The THPF helped to maintain dough strength by reducing mixing tolerance index (MTI), maintaining dough stability and increasing departure time on Farinograph. Bread loaf volume was significantly reduced above 5 % THPF addition. THPF increased water absorption causing an increase in bread weights by up to 6 %. Overall, loaf quality deteriorated at 10 and 15 % THPF levels while bread with 5 % THPF was not significantly different from the control. These results support the addition of 5 % THPF as a means to enhance lysine content of white pan bread. C1 [Simons, Courtney W.] Wright State Unvers, Celina, OH 45822 USA. [Hunt-Schmidt, Emily; Simsek, Senay; Hall, Clifford] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, NDSU Dept 7670, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Biswas, Atanu] ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Hall, C (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, NDSU Dept 7670, POB 6050, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM clifford.hall@ndsu.edu FU Northarvest Bean Growers Association FX We express our thanks to Northarvest Bean Growers Association for research funding, Kristin Whitney and DeLane Olsen for providing technical assistance during dough analysis and bread baking and Rilie Morgan from the Northern Crops Institute for technical assistance during extrusion. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-9668 EI 1573-9104 J9 PLANT FOOD HUM NUTR JI Plant Food Hum. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 69 IS 3 BP 235 EP 240 DI 10.1007/s11130-014-0421-1 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AO7AZ UT WOS:000341505700008 PM 24848458 ER PT J AU Evans, J Kim, J Childs, KL Vaillancourt, B Crisovan, E Nandety, A Gerhardt, DJ Richmond, TA Jeddeloh, JA Kaeppler, SM Casler, MD Buell, CR AF Evans, Joseph Kim, Jeongwoon Childs, Kevin L. Vaillancourt, Brieanne Crisovan, Emily Nandety, Aruna Gerhardt, Daniel J. Richmond, Todd A. Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A. Kaeppler, Shawn M. Casler, Michael D. Buell, C. Robin TI Nucleotide polymorphism and copy number variant detection using exome capture and next-generation sequencing in the polyploid grass Panicum virgatum SO PLANT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE exome; switchgrass; polyploidy; copy number variant; presence/absence variant; Panicum virgatum ID SORGHUM-BICOLOR; HUMAN GENOME; SWITCHGRASS; GENES; DIVERSITY; BARLEY; RICE; IDENTIFICATION; DUPLICATION; ARABIDOPSIS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) is a polyploid, outcrossing grass species native to North America and has recently been recognized as a potential biofuel feedstock crop. Significant phenotypic variation including ploidy is present across the two primary ecotypes of switchgrass, referred to as upland and lowland switchgrass. The tetraploid switchgrass genome is approximately 1400Mbp, split between two subgenomes, with significant repetitive sequence content limiting the efficiency of re-sequencing approaches for determining genome diversity. To characterize genetic diversity in upland and lowland switchgrass as a first step in linking genotype to phenotype, we designed an exome capture probe set based on transcript assemblies that represent approximately 50Mb of annotated switchgrass exome sequences. We then evaluated and optimized the probe set using solid phase comparative genome hybridization and liquid phase exome capture followed by next-generation sequencing. Using the optimized probe set, we assessed variation in the exomes of eight switchgrass genotypes representing tetraploid lowland and octoploid upland cultivars to benchmark our exome capture probe set design. We identified ample variation in the switchgrass genome including 1395501 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), 8173 putative copy number variants and 3336 presence/absence variants. While the majority of the SNPs (84%) detected was bi-allelic, a substantial number was tri-allelic with limited occurrence of tetra-allelic polymorphisms consistent with the heterozygous and polyploid nature of the switchgrass genome. Collectively, these data demonstrate the efficacy of exome capture for discovery of genome variation in a polyploid species with a large, repetitive and heterozygous genome. C1 [Evans, Joseph; Kim, Jeongwoon; Childs, Kevin L.; Vaillancourt, Brieanne; Crisovan, Emily; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Evans, Joseph; Kim, Jeongwoon; Childs, Kevin L.; Vaillancourt, Brieanne; Crisovan, Emily; Buell, C. Robin] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Nandety, Aruna; Kaeppler, Shawn M.; Casler, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Energy, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Nandety, Aruna; Casler, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Gerhardt, Daniel J.; Richmond, Todd A.; Jeddeloh, Jeffrey A.] Roche NimbleGen, Madison, WI 53719 USA. [Kaeppler, Shawn M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Buell, CR (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Great Lakes Bioenergy Res Ctr, Dept Energy, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM buell@msu.edu RI Childs, Kevin/C-9513-2014; OI Childs, Kevin/0000-0002-3680-062X; Kaeppler, Shawn/0000-0002-5964-1668 FU Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science) [DE-FC02-07ER64494] FX This work was funded by the Department of Energy Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (DOE BER Office of Science DE-FC02-07ER64494). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We are grateful to Jeremy Schmutz of the Department of Energy JGI for his work on the switchgrass genome. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 46 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0960-7412 EI 1365-313X J9 PLANT J JI Plant J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 79 IS 6 BP 993 EP 1008 DI 10.1111/tpj.12601 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AO7ET UT WOS:000341515600009 PM 24947485 ER PT J AU Suganuma, K Matsuda, H Cheng, HN Iwai, M Nonokawa, R Asakura, T AF Suganuma, Koto Matsuda, Hironori Cheng, H. N. Iwai, Masahiro Nonokawa, Ryuji Asakura, Tetsuo TI NMR analysis and tacticity determination of poly(lactic acid) in C5D5N SO POLYMER TESTING LA English DT Article DE Poly(lactic acid); NMR; Tacticity; Sequence determination ID C-13 ASSIGNMENTS; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; MODEL COMPOUNDS; H-1; POLY(MESO-LACTIDE); POLY(RAC-LACTIDE); POLYMERIZATION; MICROSTRUCTURE; SPECTROSCOPY; POLYMERS AB Poly(lactic acid), (PLA), is a well known bioplastic derived from agri-based renewable materials. Because PLA's material properties depend largely on its tacticity, an improved test method for PLA tacticity would be useful. NMR analysis of PLA tacticity is revisited in this work, especially the assignments of NMR peaks from CH carbon and CH3 proton at the tetrad level in deuterated pyridine. The methyl protons are better resolved in pyridine due to solvent effects such as ring current shielding of the aromatic ring and electric field effect from the nitrogen lone pair. As an aid for the tacticity assignments, two-dimensional NMR spectra of poly(DL-lactic acid) (L/D = 50/50) and relative intensities of PLA samples have been used. The new assignments provide more detailed understanding of the H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra of PLA. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Suganuma, Koto; Asakura, Tetsuo] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. [Suganuma, Koto; Matsuda, Hironori] Teijin Ltd, Mat Anal Res Ctr, Hino, Tokyo 1918512, Japan. [Cheng, H. N.] ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Iwai, Masahiro] Teijin Ltd, New Business Dev Grp, Iwakuni, Yamaguchi 7408511, Japan. [Nonokawa, Ryuji] Teijin Ltd, New Business Dev Grp, Matsuyama, Ehime 7918530, Japan. [Asakura, Tetsuo] Inst Mat Sci Agh, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan. RP Asakura, T (reprint author), Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Dept Biotechnol, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan. EM asakura@cc.tuat.ac.jp RI Asakura, Tetsuo/B-9970-2013 FU Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Supports of Japan [23245045, 25620169]; Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (Agri-Health Translational Research Project) FX T.A. acknowledges support from Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Supports of Japan (23245045, 25620169) and Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (Agri-Health Translational Research Project). Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture; USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0142-9418 EI 1873-2348 J9 POLYM TEST JI Polym. Test PD SEP PY 2014 VL 38 BP 35 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2014.05.018 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA AO6RX UT WOS:000341480300006 ER PT J AU Lee, SH Lillehoj, HS Jeong, MS Del Cacho, E Kim, JB Kim, HR Min, W Jeoung, HY An, DJ AF Lee, S. H. Lillehoj, H. S. Jeong, M. S. Del Cacho, E. Kim, J. B. Kim, H. R. Min, W. Jeoung, H. Y. An, D. J. TI Development and characterization of mouse monoclonal antibodies reactive with chicken IL-1 beta SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE interleukin 1 beta; monoclonal antibody; chicken; thymus; proliferation ID T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSE; NECROTIC ENTERITIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; EIMERIA-MAXIMA; INTERLEUKIN-1; SEQUENCE; CELL; SUPPLEMENTATION; POTENTIATION; MACROPHAGES AB Interleukin-1 beta proteins from chicken, duck, goose, turkey, and pigeon share 77 to 99% amino acid sequence similarity among themselves, and only 31 to 35% sequence similarity is shared between avian and mammalian IL-1 beta. There have been no antibodies that specifically detect avian IL-1 beta, and the current study was conducted to develop mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against chicken IL-1 beta (chIL-1 beta) to further define its biochemical and immunological properties. In this study, 2 mouse mAb that are specific for chIL-1 beta were produced and characterized. Both mAb identified a 66.0 kDa recombinant chIL-1 beta protein expressed in Escherichia coli by Western blot analysis that corresponded to the expected molecular weight of a recombinant fusion protein containing the full-length 23.0 kDa chIL-1 beta protein and a 43.0 kDa maltose binding protein tag. Immunohistochemical analysis identified cells producing endogenous chIL-1 beta in the cecal tonsils, bursa of Fabricius, and spleen. Purified recombinant chIL-1 beta dose-dependently stimulated the proliferation and nitric oxide production by thymocytes, and both activities were inhibited by co-incubation with the 2 chIL-1 beta mAb described in this paper. These mAb will be important immune reagents for basic and applied poultry research of IL-1 beta in poultry. C1 [Lee, S. H.; Kim, J. B.; Kim, H. R.] Natl Acad Agr Sci, Rural Dev Adm, Suwon 441853, Gyeonggi, South Korea. [Lee, S. H.; Lillehoj, H. S.; Jeong, M. S.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Del Cacho, E.] Univ Zaragoza, Fac Vet Sci, Dept Anim Pathol, Zaragoza 500015, Spain. [Min, W.] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Coll Vet Med, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Min, W.] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Life Sci Res Inst, Jinju 660701, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Jeoung, H. Y.; An, D. J.] Anim Plant & Fisheries Quarantine & Inspect Agcy, Anyang 430824, Kyunggido, South Korea. RP Lillehoj, HS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Hyun.Lillehoj@ars.usda.gov FU NIFA/USDA, US Veterinary Immune Reagent Network Grant [2010-65121-20649, 2005-01812]; Rural Development Administration, Korea [PJ009386]; WCU program through the National Research Foundation of Korea; Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [R33-10013]; ARS-NVRQS Trust agreement FX This project was supported, in part, by the NIFA/USDA, US Veterinary Immune Reagent Network Grant (NIFA #2010-65121-20649, USDA-CSREES #2005-01812), the project "Anti-asthma effect of Salvia plebeian R. Br and Adenophora triphylla var. japonica (PJ009386)" of Rural Development Administration, Korea, the WCU program through the National Research Foundation of Korea sponsored by of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (R33-10013), and ARS-NVRQS Trust agreement. The authors thank Duk Kyung Kim, Seung Kyu Lee, Marjorie Nichols, and Stacy O'Donnell (all from Agricultural Research Service, USDA, Beltsville, MD) for their contribution to this research. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 93 IS 9 BP 2193 EP 2198 DI 10.3382/ps.2014-03947 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO4LL UT WOS:000341309600007 PM 25037821 ER PT J AU Berciano, S Ordovas, JM AF Berciano, Silvia Ordovas, Jose M. TI Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health SO REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Diet; Meta-analysis; Prevention; Cardiovascular diseases ID PROCESSED MEAT CONSUMPTION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY FIBER INTAKE; DOSE-RESPONSE METAANALYSIS; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; DAIRY CONSUMPTION; EGG CONSUMPTION; RED MEAT; MEDITERRANEAN DIET AB A multitude of studies have been published on the relationship between cardiovascular disease risk and a variety of nutrients, foods, and dietary patterns. Despite the well-accepted notion that diet has a significant influence on the development and prevention of cardiovascular disease, the foods considered healthy and harmful have varied over the years. This review aims to summarize the current scientific evidence on the cardioprotective effect of those foods and nutrients that have been considered healthy as well as those that have been deemed unhealthy at any given time in history. For this purpose, we reviewed the most recent literature using as keywords foods and nutrients (ie, meat, omega-3) and cardiovascular disease-related terms (ie, cardiovascular diseases, stroke). Emphasis has been placed on meta-analyses and Cochrane reviews. In general, there is a paucity of intervention studies with a high level of evidence supporting the benefits of healthy foods (ie, fruits and vegetables), whereas the evidence supporting the case against those foods considered less healthy (ie, saturated fat) seems to be weakened by most recent evidence. In summary, most of the evidence supporting the benefits and harms of specific foods and nutrients is based on observational epidemiological studies. The outcome of randomized clinical trials reveals a more confusing picture with most studies providing very small effects in one direction or another; the strongest evidence comes from dietary patterns. The current status of the relationship between diet and cardiovascular disease risk calls for more tailored recommendations based on genomic technologies. (C) 2014 Sociedad Espanola de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S. L. U. All rights reserved. C1 [Berciano, Silvia; Ordovas, Jose M.] IMDEA Alimentac, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] CNIC, Madrid, Spain. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu RI Berciano Benitez, Silvia/M-7753-2014 OI Berciano Benitez, Silvia/0000-0003-3558-9073 FU United States Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58e1950-9-001, K08 HL112845-01]; European Union Seventh Framework Programme Nutritech FX Supported by the United States Department of Agriculture Research Service (grant nos. 53-K06-5-10, 58e1950-9-001, and K08 HL112845-01); mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the United States Department of Agriculture. The United States Department of Agriculture is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This research project received funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme Nutritech. NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 52 PU EDICIONES DOYMA S A PI BARCELONA PA TRAV DE GRACIA 17-21, 08021 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0300-8932 EI 1579-2242 J9 REV ESP CARDIOL JI Rev. Esp. Cardiol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 67 IS 9 BP 738 EP 747 DI 10.1016/j.rec.2014.05.003 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AO5FM UT WOS:000341369200010 PM 25172070 ER PT J AU Kim, HJ Rodgers, J Delhom, C Cui, XL AF Kim, Hee Jin Rodgers, James Delhom, Chris Cui, Xiaoliang TI Comparisons of methods measuring fiber maturity and fineness of Upland cotton fibers containing different degrees of fiber cell wall development SO TEXTILE RESEARCH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cotton fibers; developing fibers; fineness; maturity; physiological sugar; stickiness ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; MUTANT; ELONGATION; LINES AB Maturity and fineness are important physical properties of cotton fibers affecting qualities of fibers and yarns. A number of methods are used for measuring fiber maturity and fineness from developed fibers that are desiccated and harvested from open bolls. With the recent advent of molecular breeding and genomics, there is a growing need for measuring the physical properties of developing fibers that are living cells containing genetic materials. Unlike the developed fibers, the developing fibers are immature fibers composed of high levels of physiological sugars causing stickiness. Therefore, there is a challenge in measuring fiber properties from the developing fibers. To identify methods enabling the measurement fiber maturity and fineness from developing fibers, we compared various methods including the use of the USTER Advanced Fiber Information System (AFIS), high-volume instrument, Cottonscope, fiber cross-section image analysis microscopy, cellulose assay, and gravimetric fineness methods. Our results showed that maturity ratios (MR) measured from high maturity fibers correlated among all methods, whereas AFIS MR measured from low maturity fibers did not correlate with other methods. The fineness values measured by AFIS and Cottonscope were affected by the levels of physiological sugars in developing fibers. As a result, we conclude that pre-elimination of physiological sugars causing the stickiness was crucial to measure accurate fineness values from developing fibers. The results demonstrated strengths and weaknesses of various methods of measuring fiber maturity and fineness from immature and developing fibers. The information will help cotton scientists measuring and interpreting fiber properties from developing fibers. C1 [Kim, Hee Jin; Rodgers, James; Delhom, Chris; Cui, Xiaoliang] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Kim, HJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, 100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM heejin.kim@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [6435-21000-016-00D]; Cotton Incorporated [12-199, 12-216] FX This work was supported by the USDA-ARS CRIS (project number 6435-21000-016-00D) and Cotton Incorporated-sponsored (project numbers 12-199 and 12-216). NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0040-5175 EI 1746-7748 J9 TEXT RES J JI Text. Res. J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 84 IS 15 BP 1622 EP 1633 DI 10.1177/0040517514525878 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA AO5HC UT WOS:000341373700006 ER PT J AU Kebede, H Smith, JR Ray, JD AF Kebede, Hirut Smith, James R. Ray, Jeffery D. TI Identification of a single gene for seed coat impermeability in soybean PI 594619 SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; PHOMOPSIS-LONGICOLLA; HARD SEEDEDNESS; GERMINATION; TEMPERATURE; QUALITY; VIGOR; GERMINABILITY; IRRIGATION; MATURITY AB Inheritance studies and molecular mapping identified a single dominant gene that conditions seed coat impermeability in soybean PI 594619. High temperatures during seed fill increase the occurrence of soybeans with impermeable seed coat, which is associated with non-uniform and delayed germination and emergence. This can be an issue in soybean production areas with excessively high-temperature environments. The objectives of the present study were to investigate the inheritance of impermeable seed coat under a high-temperature environment in the midsouthern United States and to map the gene(s) that affect this trait in a germplasm line with impermeable seed coat (PI 594619). Crosses were made between PI 594619 and an accession with permeable seed coat at Stoneville, MS in 2008. The parental lines and the segregating populations from reciprocal crosses were grown in Stoneville in 2009. Ninety-nine F-2:3 families and parents were also grown at Stoneville, MS in 2011. Seeds were assayed for percent impermeable seed coat using the standard germination test. Genetic analysis of the F-2 populations and F-2:3 families indicated that seed coat impermeability in PI 594619 is controlled by a single major gene, with impermeable seed coat being dominant to permeable seed coat. Molecular mapping positioned this gene on CHR 2 between markers Sat_202 and Satt459. The designation of Isc (impermeable seed coat) for this single gene has been approved by the Soybean Genetics Committee. Selection of the recessive form (isc) may be important in developing cultivars with permeable seed coat for high-heat production environments. The single-gene nature of impermeable seed coat may also have potential for being utilized in reducing seed damage caused by weathering and mold. C1 [Kebede, Hirut; Smith, James R.; Ray, Jeffery D.] ARS, USDA, CGRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Smith, JR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, CGRU, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM rusty.smith@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS) [6402-21220-012-00D]; United Soybean Board [9232, 1232] FX This work was supported by United States Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS) project number 6402-21220-012-00D. The authors would also like to thank the United Soybean Board for funding (Project numbers 9232 and 1232). The authors appreciate the dedicated work of the USDA-ARS personnel at Stoneville, MS, including Dr. Eduardo Benitez, Ms. Loria Courtney and Mr. Hans Hinrichsen in harvesting plants of the F2:3 families in the field, and also Ms. Angelie Davis and Rebecca Simpson in assisting in the molecular work in the lab. In Puerto Rico, we were ably assisted in seed production by Dr. Ricardo Goenaga and Mr. Carlos Torres of the USDA-ARS. Mention of trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U. S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply approval or the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 EI 1432-2242 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 127 IS 9 BP 1991 EP 2003 DI 10.1007/s00122-014-2355-2 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA AO5GU UT WOS:000341372800010 PM 25104325 ER PT J AU Loving, CL Brockmeier, SL Vincent, AL Gauger, PC Zanella, EL Lager, KM Kehrli, ME AF Loving, Crystal L. Brockmeier, Susan L. Vincent, Amy L. Gauger, Phillip C. Zanella, Eraldo L. Lager, Kelly M. Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr. TI Cross-Fostering to Prevent Maternal Cell Transfer Did Not Prevent Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Respiratory Disease that Occurred Following Heterologous Influenza Challenge of Pigs Vaccinated in the Presence of Maternal Immunity SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2011-2012 H3N2V; VIRUS VACCINES; GAMMA GLOBULIN; SWINE; ABSORPTION; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; PROTECTION; ANTIBODIES; PNEUMONIA AB Whole inactivated virus (WIV) vaccines for influenza A virus (IAV) provide limited cross-protection to diverse antigenic strains that are circulating or may emerge in a population. Maternal vaccination is used to protect neonatal animals from disease through passive transfer of immunity. It is desirable to vaccinate at a young age to induce active immunity that provides protection against infection before maternal immunity wanes. However, maternal-derived immunity (MDI; antibody or cells) can interfere with vaccine priming. Previous work indicates that vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) occurs in pigs following heterologous IAV challenge if pigs were previously vaccinated with WIV vaccine in the presence of matched MDI. However, the component of MDI (antibody or cells) that is required for the mispriming of piglet immunity has not been determined. While antibody from colostrum is absorbed into piglet circulation regardless of the sow from which it receives colostrum, transfer of maternal cells requires colostrum from the biological dam. We used cross-fostering (CF) as a tool to determine if maternal cells are required for the mispriming of piglet immunity upon WIV vaccination in the presence of MDI. Piglets vaccinated in the presence of MDI, regardless of CF, displayed characteristics of VAERD following heterologous challenge. MDI alone (no piglet vaccination) did not provide cross-protection against the antigenic variant. However, it did not induce VAERD. WIV vaccination provided complete protection against homologous challenge when delivered to piglets without MDI. Vaccination in the presence of MDI inhibited an increase in hemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibody titers to vaccine antigen, but did not alter development of total immunoglobulin levels to vaccine virus. Taken together, the cellular component of MDI did not contribute to the mispriming of piglet immunity to WIV vaccine, but maternal-derived antibody (MDA) alone was sufficient. Future work is aimed at understanding how MDA alters WIV vaccine immunogenicity. C1 [Loving, Crystal L.; Brockmeier, Susan L.; Vincent, Amy L.; Lager, Kelly M.; Kehrli, Marcus E., Jr.] ARS, Virus & Prion Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gauger, Phillip C.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA USA. [Zanella, Eraldo L.] Univ Passo Fundo, Fac Agron & Med Vet, Bairro Sao Jose, Passo Fundo, Brazil. RP Loving, CL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NADC, 1920 Dayton Ave Bldg 20,2S-2533, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM crystal.loving@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 EI 1557-8976 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 27 IS 7 BP 334 EP 342 DI 10.1089/vim.2014.0034 PG 9 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA AO7BX UT WOS:000341508100004 PM 24978861 ER PT J AU Chung, M Ma, JT Patel, K Berger, S Lau, J Lichtenstein, AH AF Chung, Mei Ma, Jiantao Patel, Kamal Berger, Samantha Lau, Joseph Lichtenstein, Alice H. TI Fructose, high-fructose corn syrup, sucrose, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease or indexes of liver health: a systematic review and meta-analysis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Review ID CONTROLLED FEEDING TRIALS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SWEETENED BEVERAGES; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; FUNCTION TESTS; UNITED-STATES; URIC-ACID AB Background: Concerns have been raised about the concurrent temporal trend between simple sugar intakes, especially of fructose or high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), and rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the United States. Objective: We examined the effect of different amounts and forms of dietary fructose on the incidence or prevalence of NAFLD and indexes of liver health in humans. Design: We conducted a systematic review of English-language, human studies of any design in children and adults with low to no alcohol intake and that reported at least one predetermined measure of liver health. The strength of the evidence was evaluated by considering risk of bias, consistency, directness, and precision. Results: Six observational studies and 21 intervention studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall strength of evidence for observational studies was rated insufficient because of high risk of biases and inconsistent study findings. Of 21 intervention studies, 19 studies were in adults without NAFLD (predominantly healthy, young men) and 1 study each in adults or children with NAFLD. We found a low level of evidence that a hypercaloric fructose diet (supplemented by pure fructose) increases liver fat and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) concentrations in healthy men compared with the consumption of a weight-maintenance diet. In addition, there was a low level of evidence that hypercaloric fructose and glucose diets have similar effects on liver fat and liver enzymes in healthy adults. There was insufficient evidence to draw a conclusion for effects of HFCS or sucrose on NAFLD. Conclusions: On the basis of indirect comparisons across study findings, the apparent association between indexes of liver health (ie, liver fat, hepatic de novo lipogenesis, alanine aminotransferase, AST, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptase) and fructose or sucrose intake appear to be confounded by excessive energy intake. Overall, the available evidence is not sufficiently robust to draw conclusions regarding effects of fructose, HFCS, or sucrose consumption on NAFLD. C1 [Chung, Mei; Patel, Kamal; Berger, Samantha; Lau, Joseph] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Ctr Clin Evidence Synth, Boston, MA USA. [Chung, Mei] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Nutr Infect Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ma, Jiantao; Lichtenstein, Alice H.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lau, Joseph] Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Evidence Based Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Chung, M (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth & Community Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM mei_chun.chung@tufts.edu FU Technical Committee on Carbohydrates of the International Life Sciences Institute North American Branch FX Supported by the Technical Committee on Carbohydrates of the International Life Sciences Institute North American Branch. This is a free access article, distributed under terms (http://www.nutrition.org/publications/guidelinesandpolicies/license/) that permit unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. NR 88 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 13 U2 74 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 100 IS 3 BP 833 EP 849 DI 10.3945/ajcn.114.086314 PG 17 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AN6WJ UT WOS:000340738800014 PM 25099546 ER PT J AU Jahns, L Johnson, LK Mayne, ST Cartmel, B Picklo, MJ Ennakov, IV Gellermann, W Whigham, LD AF Jahns, Lisa Johnson, Luann K. Mayne, Susan T. Cartmel, Brenda Picklo, Matthew J., Sr. Ennakov, Igor V. Gellermann, Werner Whigham, Leah D. TI Skin and plasma carotenoid response to a provided intervention diet high in vegetables and fruit: uptake and depletion kinetics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; MEASUREMENT ERROR; BETA-CAROTENE; SELF-REPORT; BIOMARKER; CONSUMPTION; ANTIOXIDANTS; METAANALYSIS; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Background: Objective biomarkers are needed to assess adherence to vegetable and fruit intervention trials. Blood carotenoids are considered the best biomarker of vegetable and fruit intake, but collecting blood is invasive and the analyses are relatively expensive for population studies. Resonance Raman spectroscopy (RRS) is an innovative method for assessing carotenoids in skin noninvasively. Objective: Our objective was to compare blood carotenoid concentrations with skin carotenoid assessments by RRS during a controlled feeding intervention. Design: Twenty-nine participants consumed low-carotenoid diets (6 wk, phases 1 and 3), a provided diet containing 6-cup equivalents (1046 g/d) of vegetables and fruit (8 wk, phase 2), and usual diet (final 8 wk, phase 4). Results: At baseline, skin and plasma total carotenoid values were correlated (r = 0.61, P < 0.001). Skin and plasma carotenoid values decreased (P < 0.001) 36% and 30%, respectively, from baseline to the end of phase 1 and then increased (P < 0.001) by >200% at the end of phase 2. Plasma carotenoids returned to baseline concentrations by the middle of phase 3 and skin carotenoid concentrations by the middle of phase 4. Skin carotenoid status predicted plasma values by using a mixed linear model including all time points (r = 0.72, P < 0.001), which indicates that changes in skin carotenoid status closely follow changes in plasma across a broad range of intakes. At the individual level, skin carotenoids predicted plasma values (r = 0.70, P < 0.001) over all time points. Conclusion: Skin carotenoid status assessed by resonance Raman spectroscopy is a noninvasive, objective biomarker of changes in vegetable and fruit intake. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01403844. C1 [Jahns, Lisa; Picklo, Matthew J., Sr.; Whigham, Leah D.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. [Johnson, Luann K.] Univ N Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Mayne, Susan T.; Cartmel, Brenda] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Mayne, Susan T.; Cartmel, Brenda] Yale Univ, Yale Canc Ctr, New Haven, CT USA. [Ennakov, Igor V.; Gellermann, Werner] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA. RP Jahns, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave, Grand Forks, ND 58203 USA. EM lisa.jahns@ars.usda.gov; ldwhigham@utep.edu OI Jahns, Lisa/0000-0002-1828-6962; Whigham, Leah/0000-0002-5376-8967 FU USDA/Agricultural Research Service [5450-51000-049-00D] FX Supported by the USDA/Agricultural Research Service (5450-51000-049-00D). NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 100 IS 3 BP 930 EP 937 DI 10.3945/ajcn.114.086900 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AN6WJ UT WOS:000340738800025 PM 25008856 ER PT J AU Welker, TL Lim, C Barrows, FT Liu, KS AF Welker, Thomas L. Lim, Chhorn Barrows, Frederic T. Liu, Keshun TI Use of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in rainbow trout feeds SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amino acids; DDGS; Digestibility; Distiller's dried grains; Fiber; Rainbow trout ID TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; GROWING PIGS; SOYBEAN-MEAL; AMINO-ACIDS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; NUTRIENT EXCRETION; ETHANOL COPRODUCTS; NUTRITIONAL-VALUE; DIETARY FIBER AB Increasing price and reduced availability of fish meal have prompted feed manufacturers and aquaculture producers to search for sustainable and economical alternative protein sources. The majority of these have come from plants, and many, for example soybean meal, have been successfully incorporated into diets of rainbow trout and other fish species. Distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is a coproduct of the grain-based fuel ethanol industry. Distiller's dried grains with solubles is moderately high in protein (typically around 300 g/kg or higher, depending on the source) and is readily available and competitively priced relative to other alternative protein sources. As with other plant protein sources, there are limits to the use of DDGS in fish feeds. Distiller's dried grains with solubles is deficient or near-deficient in some essential amino acids (EAA), but these deficiencies can be overcome through addition of synthetic EAA. Distiller's dried grains with solubles is also low in phosphorus (P) and about half is present as phytate phosphorous (phytate-P), which has limited bioavailability to trout. This is a concern for commercial hatcheries, because dietary P that cannot be utilized by trout is excreted, which can lead to eutrophication of receiving waters. Phosphorous utilization by trout fed DDGS-based diets can be improved by dietary application of phytase. In addition, high levels of indigestible structural fiber limit the incorporation of DDGS in diets of rainbow trout to approximately 100-200 g/kg. Fractionation of DDGS can reduce indigestible fiber and increase the relative protein concentration to produce a higher value product. Digestibility of these high protein fractionates is improved in trout, and higher dietary levels (up to 300 g/kg) are tolerated. The quality and nutritional composition can also vary considerably between and within DDGS grain sources and between processing plants, which further complicates incorporation of DDGS into trout diets. Production of high-value, high protein products through fractionation or other means may be needed to improve the nutritional value and consistency of DDGS for use in diets of rainbow trout. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Welker, Thomas L.] ARS, USDA, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Lim, Chhorn] ARS, USDA, Aquat Anim Hlth Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Barrows, Frederic T.] ARS, USDA, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Liu, Keshun] ARS, USDA, Natl Small Grains & Potato Germplasm Res Unit, Aberdeen, ID 83201 USA. RP Welker, TL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. EM Thomas.welker@ars.usda.gov NR 79 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 EI 1873-2216 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 195 BP 47 EP 57 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.05.011 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO0JH UT WOS:000340994400005 ER PT J AU Pelitire, SM Dowd, MK Cheng, HN AF Pelitire, Scott M. Dowd, Michael K. Cheng, H. N. TI Acidic solvent extraction of gossypol from cottonseed meal SO ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aquaculture feeds; Cottonseed; Cottonseed meal; Gossypol; Solvent extraction ID DETOXIFICATION; RECOVERY; ETHANOL; PLANT; FLOUR AB To expand the use of cottonseed protein in animal feeding, cottonseed meal was extracted with acetone- and ethanol-based solutions to remove gossypol. Phosphoric acid and water were included in the solutions to catalyze the hydrolysis of protein-bound gossypol. Both solvents were effective at reducing the total gossypol level in meal to between 5% and 10% of its initial value. Gossypol extraction occurred much faster in the ethanol-based extractions than it did in the acetone-based extractions. Treated meals tended to retain phosphorus but most of this could be removed by conducting a final water wash. Water washing also removed hydrophilic components resulting in reduced product yields but increased protein levels. Other acids, e.g., oxalic, citric, or sulfuric acid, were also effective at reducing meal gossypol. In contrast, extractions conducted without acid were not effective. The process can be used to produce low-gossypol cottonseed meals that should be useful in a broader range of feed applications. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Pelitire, Scott M.; Dowd, Michael K.; Cheng, H. N.] USDA, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Dowd, MK (reprint author), USDA, Commod Utilizat Res Unit, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM michael.dowd@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-8401 EI 1873-2216 J9 ANIM FEED SCI TECH JI Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 195 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2014.06.005 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA AO0JH UT WOS:000340994400013 ER PT J AU Zhang, JR Yao, J Wang, RJ Zhang, Y Liu, SK Sun, LY Jiang, YL Feng, JB Liu, NN Nelson, D Waldbieser, G Liu, ZJ AF Zhang, Jiaren Yao, Jun Wang, Ruijia Zhang, Yu Liu, Shikai Sun, Luyang Jiang, Yanliang Feng, Jianbin Liu, Nannan Nelson, David Waldbieser, Geoff Liu, Zhanjiang TI The cytochrome P450 genes of channel catfish: Their involvement in disease defense responses as revealed by meta-analysis of RNA-Seq data sets SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS LA English DT Article DE Cytochrome P450; CYP; Catfish; Genome; Immunity; Bacterial infection ID MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; KILLIFISH FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; DICENTRARCHUS-LABRAX; ATLANTIC SALMON AB Background: Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) encode one of the most diverse enzyme superfamily in nature. They catalyze oxidative reactions of endogenous molecules and exogenous chemicals. Methods: We identified CYPs genes through in silico analysis using EST, RNA-Seq and genome databases of channel catfish. Phylogenetic analyses and conserved syntenic analyses were conducted to determine their identities and orthologies. Meta-analysis of RNA-Seq databases was conducted to analyze expression profile of CYP genes following bacterial infection. Results: A full set of 61 CYP genes was identified and characterized in channel catfish. Phylogenetic tree and conserved synteny provided strong evidence of their identities and orthorlogy. Lineage-specific gene duplication was evident in a number of clans in channel catfish. CYP46A1 is missing in the catfish genome as observed with syntenic analysis and RT-PCR analysis. Thirty CYPs were found up- or down-regulated in liver, while seven and eight CYPs were observed regulated in intestine and gill following bacterial infection. Conclusion: We systematically identified and characterized a full set of 61 CYP genes in channel catfish and studied their expression profiles after bacterial infection. While bacterial challenge altered the expression of large numbers of CYP genes, the mechanisms and significance of these changes are not known. General significance: This work provides an example to systematically study CYP genes in non-model species. Moreover, it provides a basis for further toxicological and physiological studies in channel catfish. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Jiaren; Yao, Jun; Wang, Ruijia; Zhang, Yu; Liu, Shikai; Sun, Luyang; Jiang, Yanliang; Feng, Jianbin; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Fish Mol Genet & Biotechnol Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Zhang, Jiaren; Yao, Jun; Wang, Ruijia; Zhang, Yu; Liu, Shikai; Sun, Luyang; Jiang, Yanliang; Feng, Jianbin; Liu, Zhanjiang] Auburn Univ, Program Cell & Mol Biosci, Aquat Genom Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Liu, Nannan] Auburn Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Nelson, David] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Biochem, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Waldbieser, Geoff] ARS, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Liu, ZJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM liuzhan@auburn.edu OI Nelson, David/0000-0003-0583-5421 FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) [2009-2009-35205-05101, 2010-65205-20356, 2012-67015-19410] FX We thank Alabama Supercomputer Center for providing the computer capacity for the bioinformatic analysis. This project was supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2009-2009-35205-05101, 2010-65205-20356 and 2012-67015-19410 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA). NR 117 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4165 EI 1872-8006 J9 BBA-GEN SUBJECTS JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta-Gen. Subj. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 1840 IS 9 BP 2813 EP 2828 DI 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.04.016 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA AO0DN UT WOS:000340979400015 PM 24780645 ER PT J AU Hong, CO Owens, VN Bransby, D Farris, R Fike, J Heaton, E Kim, S Mayton, H Mitchell, R Viands, D AF Hong, C. O. Owens, V. N. Bransby, D. Farris, R. Fike, J. Heaton, E. Kim, S. Mayton, H. Mitchell, R. Viands, D. TI Switchgrass Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer Across Diverse Environments in the USA: a Regional Feedstock Partnership Report SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Switchgrass; Biomass; N fertility; Regional Feedstock Partnership ID BIOMASS PRODUCTION; BIG BLUESTEM; SOUTHERN IOWA; UNITED-STATES; SOIL; BIOENERGY; HARVEST; MANAGEMENT; QUALITY; YIELDS AB The Regional Feedstock Partnership is a collaborative effort between the Sun Grant Initiative (through Land Grant Universities), the US Department of Energy, and the US Department of Agriculture. One segment of this partnership is the field-scale evaluation of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in diverse sites across the USA. Switchgrass was planted (11.2 kg PLS ha(-1)) in replicated plots in New York, Oklahoma, South Dakota, and Virginia in 2008 and in Iowa in 2009. Adapted switchgrass cultivars were selected for each location and baseline soil samples collected before planting. Nitrogen fertilizer (0, 56, and 112 kg N ha(-1)) was applied each spring beginning the year after planting, and switchgrass was harvested once annually after senescence. Establishment, management, and harvest operations were completed using field-scale equipment. Switchgrass production ranged from 2 to 11.5 Mg ha(-1) across locations and years. Yields were lowest the first year after establishment. Switchgrass responded positively to N in 6 of 19 location/year combinations and there was one location/year combination (NY in Year 2) where a significant negative response was noted. Initial soil N levels were lowest in SD and VA (significant N response) and highest at the other three locations (no N response). Although N rate affected some measures of biomass quality (N and hemicellulose), location and year had greater overall effects on all quality parameters evaluated. These results demonstrate the importance of local field-scale research and of proper N management in order to reduce unnecessary expense and potential environmental impacts of switchgrass grown for bioenergy. C1 [Hong, C. O.] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Life Sci & Environm Biochem, Miryang 627706, South Korea. [Owens, V. N.; Kim, S.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Bransby, D.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Farris, R.] Oklahoma State Univ, Eastern Res Stn, Haskell, OK 74436 USA. [Fike, J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Heaton, E.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Mayton, H.; Viands, D.] Cornell Univ, Plant Breeding & Genet Dept, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. [Mitchell, R.] ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Owens, VN (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM vance.owens@sdstate.edu FU North Central Regional Sun Grant Center at South Dakota State University through US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office [DE-FC36-05GO85041] FX This research was supported by funding from the North Central Regional Sun Grant Center at South Dakota State University through a grant provided by the US Department of Energy Bioenergy Technologies Office under award number DE-FC36-05GO85041. NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 40 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 SI SI BP 777 EP 788 DI 10.1007/s12155-014-9484-y PG 12 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN9SW UT WOS:000340949900003 ER PT J AU Bozell, JJ Astner, A Baker, D Biannic, B Cedeno, D Elder, T Hosseinaei, O Delbeck, L Kim, JW O'Lenick, CJ Young, T AF Bozell, Joseph J. Astner, Anton Baker, Darren Biannic, Berenger Cedeno, Diana Elder, Thomas Hosseinaei, Omid Delbeck, Lukas Kim, Jae-Woo O'Lenick, C. J. Young, Timothy TI Integrating Separation and Conversion-Conversion of Biorefinery Process Streams to Biobased Chemicals and Fuels SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Fractionation; Catalysis; Co-Schiff base complex; Lignin; Biorefinery; Organosolv ID O BOND-CLEAVAGE; SCHIFF-BASE; LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS; STRUCTURAL-CHANGES; KRAFT COOKING; LIGNIN MODELS; AXIAL LIGAND; OXIDATION; PRETREATMENT; BENZOQUINONES AB The concept of the integrated biorefinery is critical to developing a robust biorefining industry in the USA. Within this model, the biorefinery will produce fuel as a high-volume output addressing domestic energy needs and biobased chemical products (high-value organics) as an output providing necessary economic support for fuel production. This paper will overview recent developments within two aspects of the integrated biorefinery-the fractionation of biomass into individual process streams and the subsequent conversion of lignin into chemical products. Solvent-based separation of switchgrass, poplar, and mixed feedstocks is being developed as a biorefinery "front end" and will be described as a function of fractionation conditions. Control over the properties and structure of the individual biomass components (carbohydrates and lignin) can be observed by adjusting the fractionation process. Subsequent conversion of the lignin isolated from this fractionation leads to low molecular weight aromatics from selective chemical oxidation. Together, processes such as these provide examples of foundational technology that will contribute to a robust domestic biorefining industry. C1 [Bozell, Joseph J.; Astner, Anton; Baker, Darren; Biannic, Berenger; Cedeno, Diana; Hosseinaei, Omid; Delbeck, Lukas; Kim, Jae-Woo; O'Lenick, C. J.; Young, Timothy] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Ctr Catalyt Convers Biomass C3Bio, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Elder, Thomas] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Bozell, JJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Ctr Renewable Carbon, Ctr Catalyt Convers Biomass C3Bio, 2506 Jacob Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM jbozell@utk.edu RI Young, Timothy/D-9949-2011 OI Young, Timothy/0000-0001-9564-6506 FU US DOT Sun Grant program; Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center - U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DESC0000997] FX We gratefully acknowledge that this work was supported by the US DOT Sun Grant program and as part of the Center for Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Biofuels (C3Bio), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under award number DESC0000997. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 6 U2 43 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 SI SI BP 856 EP 866 DI 10.1007/s12155-014-9424-x PG 11 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN9SW UT WOS:000340949900011 ER PT J AU Koch, KG Bradshaw, JD Heng-Moss, TM Sarath, G AF Koch, Kyle G. Bradshaw, Jeffrey D. Heng-Moss, Tiffany M. Sarath, Gautam TI Categories of Resistance to Greenbug and Yellow Sugarcane Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Three Tetraploid Switchgrass Populations SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aphids; Switchgrass; Panicum virgatum L; Sipha flava; Schizaphis graminum; Plant resistance ID RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; BLISSUS-OCCIDUUS HEMIPTERA; MISCANTHUS X GIGANTEUS; GROWTH-STAGES; BIOTYPE-I; HOMOPTERA; GERMPLASM; BUFFALOGRASS; ANTIBIOSIS; TOLERANCE AB Switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L., has been targeted as a bioenergy feedstock. However, little is currently known of the mechanisms of insect resistance in this species. Here, two no-choice studies were performed to determine the categories (antibiosis and tolerance) and relative levels of resistance of three switchgrass populations (Kanlow-lowland ecotype, Summer-upland ecotype, and third generation derivatives between Kanlow x Summer plants, KxS) previously identified with differential levels of resistance to the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), and yellow sugarcane aphid, Sipha flava (Forbes). No-choice studies indicated that Kanlow possessed multi-species resistance, with high levels of antibiosis to both aphid species, based on aphid survival at 7 and 14 days after aphid introduction and cumulative aphid days, while KxS possessed low-to-moderate levels of antibiosis to S. flava. Further, functional plant loss indices based on plant height and biomass indicated that tolerance is an important category of resistance for Summer plants to S. graminum. These studies also indicated that Summer lacks both tolerance and antibiosis to S. flava, relative to the other switchgrasses tested, whereas KxS lack tolerance and antibiosis to S. graminum. These studies are the first attempt to analyze the categories of resistance in switchgrass and provide critical information for characterizing the biological mechanisms of resistance and improving our knowledge of the plant-insect interactions within this system. C1 [Koch, Kyle G.; Heng-Moss, Tiffany M.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Bradshaw, Jeffrey D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Sarath, Gautam] ARS, USDA, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Bradshaw, JD (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. EM jbradshaw2@unl.edu FU USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant [2011-67009-30096]; USDA-ARS CRIS project [5440-21000-030-00D] FX We gratefully acknowledge Z B Mayo for reviewing the manuscript; R. Patrick, S. Harvey, J. Pretorius, and H. Pretorius (University of Nebraska) for technical assistance; and K. P. Vogel for providing the switchgrass germplasm for these studies. This research was supported in part by the USDA-National Institute of Food and Agriculture grant number 2011-67009-30096, and by the USDA-ARS CRIS project 5440-21000-030-00D. The US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and all agency services are available without discrimination. Mention of commercial products and organizations in this manuscript is solely to provide specific information. It does not constitute endorsement by USDA-ARS over other products and organizations not mentioned. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 SI SI BP 909 EP 918 DI 10.1007/s12155-014-9420-1 PG 10 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN9SW UT WOS:000340949900016 ER PT J AU Karlen, DL Johnson, JMF AF Karlen, Douglas L. Johnson, Jane M. F. TI Crop Residue Considerations for Sustainable Bioenergy Feedstock Supplies (vol 7, pg 465, 2014) SO BIOENERGY RESEARCH LA English DT Correction C1 [Karlen, Douglas L.] ARS, USDA, NLAE, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Johnson, Jane M. F.] ARS, USDA, NCSCRL, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Karlen, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NLAE, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM Doug.Karlen@ars.usda.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1939-1234 EI 1939-1242 J9 BIOENERG RES JI BioEnergy Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 7 IS 3 SI SI BP 1063 EP 1063 DI 10.1007/s12155-014-9479-8 PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN9SW UT WOS:000340949900031 ER PT J AU Mishra, S Heckathorn, SA Frantz, JM Krause, C AF Mishra, S. Heckathorn, S. A. Frantz, J. M. Krause, C. TI Effects of irradiance during growth on tolerance of geranium to sub- and supra-optimal boron supply SO BIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE macronutrients; micronutrients; net photosynthetic rate; Pelargonium xhortorum ID PLANT-CELL-WALLS; LIGHT-INTENSITY; MEMBRANE-PERMEABILITY; MINERAL NUTRIENTS; DEFICIENCY; TOXICITY; ACCUMULATION; ELONGATION; SUNFLOWER; RESPONSES AB In our previous study on geranium, we showed that increases in growth irradiance from sub-optimal to near-optimal could delay boron deficiency effects on photosynthesis. In this study, we further investigated the effects of growth irradiance on tolerance to B stress by growing geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum cv. Maverick White) under sub- to supra-optimal B concentrations (4.5, 45, and 450 mu M) and under three irradiances of 100, 300, or 500 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) PAR for 30 d. In general, at low and medium irradiances, sub- and supra-optimal B availability decreased root and shoot dry masses, but at high irradiance, the B stress was prevented. Net photosynthetic rate decreased by the supra-optimal B concentration at the high irradiance only suggesting B-related photoinhibition. Tissue B content and root specific B uptake only modestly decreased by the low B treatment, but increased greatly by the high B availability, and the higher irradiance decreased the tissue B content and the root B uptake only at the low and medium B supplies. Interestingly, the increases in irradiance decreased the content and uptake of all other nutrients, except Fe uptake. Effects of the B stress on the content of other nutrients were variable, but the B stress often exacerbated decreases in nutrient content with the increasing irradiance which would be especially important under nutrient-limiting conditions. Hence, in this study, the B stress effects on growth were mitigated by the increases in growth irradiance, which offset negative effects on physiology, and the protective effects of irradiance were likely caused by its positive effects on plant carbon/energy status rather than on tissue B content or B uptake. C1 [Mishra, S.; Heckathorn, S. A.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Frantz, J. M.; Krause, C.] Univ Toledo, ARS, USDA, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. RP Mishra, S (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM sasmita.mishra@utoledo.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [SCA 58-3607-9-741] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service (SCA 58-3607-9-741 to Scott Heckathorn). The authors thank Douglas Sturtz, Alycia Pittenger, and Russ Friedrich for assistance. The mention of proprietary products or company is included for the reader's convenience and does not imply any endorsement or preferential treatment by USDA/ARS. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACAD SCIENCES CZECH REPUBLIC, INST EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY PI PRAHA 6 PA ROZVOJOVA 263, PRAHA 6, CZ-165 02, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 0006-3134 EI 1573-8264 J9 BIOL PLANTARUM JI Biol. Plant. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 58 IS 3 BP 582 EP 588 DI 10.1007/s10535-014-0431-8 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA AN5DU UT WOS:000340610800021 ER PT J AU Self, MM Czyzewski, DI Chumpitazi, BP Weidler, EM Shulman, RJ AF Self, Mariella M. Czyzewski, Danita I. Chumpitazi, Bruno P. Weidler, Erica M. Shulman, Robert J. TI Subtypes of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children and Adolescents SO CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Irritable Bowel Syndrome; IBS Subtypes; Children; Pediatric Functional GI Disorders ID ROME III CRITERIA; ABDOMINAL-PAIN; CLINICAL-TRIAL; CONSTIPATION; CLASSIFICATION; WOMEN; HABIT; TIME; PERMEABILITY; DISORDERS AB BACKGROUND & AIMS: Pharmacologic treatments for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and medical management of symptoms are increasingly based on IBS subtype, so it is important to accurately differentiate patients. Few studies have classified subtypes of pediatric IBS, and conclusions have been challenged by methodologic limitations. We performed a prospective study to investigate the distribution of IBS subtypes among children and adolescents based on stool diary information, and compared subtypes according to demographic and pain characteristics. METHODS: We studied 129 subjects, ages 7 to 18 years (mean age, 11.4 +/- 2.8 y; 60.5% female; 69.0% white) who met Pediatric Rome III IBS criteria and were part of larger studies of children with functional gastrointestinal disorders, recruited from primary and tertiary care centers. Children completed daily pain and stool diaries for 2 weeks. Participants were assigned IBS subtypes based on their reported stool information per adult Rome III criteria. IBS subtypes were compared for demographic variables and pain characteristics. RESULTS: IBS with constipation was the most common subtype of the disorder (58.1% of subjects), whereas mixed IBS was the least common (2.3% of subjects); 34.1% of subjects were unsubtyped IBS and 5.4% had IBS with diarrhea. The groups of different IBS subtypes did not differ significantly by sex, age, ethnicity, or pain characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to adults, in children, IBS with constipation and unsubtyped IBS are the most common subtypes, whereas IBS with diarrhea and mixed IBS are less common. Demographic and pain characteristics cannot distinguish subtypes. C1 [Self, Mariella M.; Czyzewski, Danita I.] Baylor Coll Med, Menninger Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Self, Mariella M.; Czyzewski, Danita I.; Chumpitazi, Bruno P.; Weidler, Erica M.; Shulman, Robert J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Self, Mariella M.; Czyzewski, Danita I.; Chumpitazi, Bruno P.; Weidler, Erica M.; Shulman, Robert J.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Weidler, Erica M.; Shulman, Robert J.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Self, MM (reprint author), Texas Childrens Hosp, Baylor Coll Med, 6701 Fannin St,CC 1740, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM mmself@texaschildrens.org FU National Institutes of Health [R01 NR05337, R01 NR013497]; Daffy's Foundation; U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [6250-51000-043, P30 DK56338]; Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center; North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Foundation/Nestle Nutrition Young Investigator Development Award FX Supported in part by R01 NR05337 and R01 NR013497 from the National Institutes of Health, the Daffy's Foundation, the U.S. Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement no. 6250-51000-043, and P30 DK56338, which funds the Texas Medical Center Digestive Disease Center. Funding also was provided by the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Foundation/Nestle Nutrition Young Investigator Development Award (B.P.C.). NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1542-3565 EI 1542-7714 J9 CLIN GASTROENTEROL H JI Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 12 IS 9 BP 1468 EP 1473 DI 10.1016/j.cgh.2014.01.031 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AO2EI UT WOS:000341127900014 PM 24486406 ER PT J AU Chaffee, BR Shang, F Chang, ML Clement, TM Eddy, EM Wagner, BD Nakahara, M Nagata, S Robinson, ML Taylor, A AF Chaffee, Blake R. Shang, Fu Chang, Min-Lee Clement, Tracy M. Eddy, Edward M. Wagner, Brad D. Nakahara, Masaki Nagata, Shigekazu Robinson, Michael L. Taylor, Allen TI Nuclear removal during terminal lens fiber cell differentiation requires CDK1 activity: appropriating mitosis-related nuclear disassembly SO DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE CDK1; Lens fiber differentiation; Organelle-free zone; Mouse ID MOUSE EYE LENS; DNASE-II; NUMA PHOSPHORYLATION; INHIBITORS P27(KIP1); TEMPORAL EXPRESSION; PROLIFERATION; P57(KIP2); DENUCLEATION; DEGRADATION; GROWTH AB Lens epithelial cells and early lens fiber cells contain the typical complement of intracellular organelles. However, as lens fiber cells mature they must destroy their organelles, including nuclei, in a process that has remained enigmatic for over a century, but which is crucial for the formation of the organelle-free zone in the center of the lens that assures clarity and function to transmit light. Nuclear degradation in lens fiber cells requires the nuclease DNase II beta (DLAD) but the mechanism by which DLAD gains access to nuclear DNA remains unknown. In eukaryotic cells, cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), in combination with either activator cyclins A or B, stimulates mitotic entry, in part, by phosphorylating the nuclear lamin proteins leading to the disassembly of the nuclear lamina and subsequent nuclear envelope breakdown. Although most post-mitotic cells lack CDK1 and cyclins, lens fiber cells maintain these proteins. Here, we show that loss of CDK1 from the lens inhibited the phosphorylation of nuclear lamins A and C, prevented the entry of DLAD into the nucleus, and resulted in abnormal retention of nuclei. In the presence of CDK1, a single focus of the phosphonuclear mitotic apparatus is observed, but it is not focused in CDK1-deficient lenses. CDK1 deficiency inhibited mitosis, but did not prevent DNA replication, resulting in an overall reduction of lens epithelial cells, with the remaining cells possessing an abnormally large nucleus. These observations suggest that CDK1-dependent phosphorylations required for the initiation of nuclear membrane disassembly during mitosis are adapted for removal of nuclei during fiber cell differentiation. C1 [Chaffee, Blake R.; Wagner, Brad D.; Robinson, Michael L.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Shang, Fu; Chang, Min-Lee; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Vis Res USDA HNRCA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Clement, Tracy M.; Eddy, Edward M.] NIEHS, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Nakahara, Masaki] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Mol & Cellular Physiol, Kyoto, Japan. [Nagata, Shigekazu] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Med Chem, Kyoto, Japan. [Taylor, Allen] Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Chem, IL-76100 Rehovot, Israel. RP Robinson, ML (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM robinsm5@miamioh.edu; allen.taylor@tufts.edu FU National Eye Institute [EY012995, EY013250, EY021212]; USDA [1950-510000-060-01A]; Alcon; Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX This work was supported, in part, by grants from The National Eye Institute [EY012995 (M.L.R.), EY013250, EY021212 (A.T.)]; The USDA contract 1950-510000-060-01A (A.T.); Alcon (A.T.); Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving (A.T.); and by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (E.M.E.). A.T. is currently the Morris Belkin Weizmann Visiting Professor. Deposited in PMC for release after 12 months. NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0950-1991 EI 1477-9129 J9 DEVELOPMENT JI Development PD SEP PY 2014 VL 141 IS 17 BP 3388 EP 3398 DI 10.1242/dev.106005 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology SC Developmental Biology GA AO4KH UT WOS:000341305900013 PM 25139855 ER PT J AU Gao, Y He, NP Zhang, XY AF Gao, Yang He, Nianpeng Zhang, Xinyu TI Effects of reactive nitrogen deposition on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE Reactive nitrogen; Deposition; Health threshold; Equilibration; Terrestrial ecosystem; Aquatic ecosystem ID CRITICAL LOADS; ATMOSPHERIC NITROGEN; ANTHROPOGENIC NITROGEN; INORGANIC NITROGEN; SULFUR DEPOSITION; GLOBAL ASSESSMENT; INNER-MONGOLIA; CARBON STORAGE; SAVANNA TREES; FOREST AB Globally, acute increases in anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen (Nr) have led to change of N process in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem. Although excessive Nr deposition is known to drastically alter global N cycling, the consequences of excessive Nr deposition on N processes occurring in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have not been well depicted. Owing to the unique influencing effects Nr deposition have on different ecosystems, different N demands will result in different N critical loads and dynamic equilibration point. Sharp increases in anthropogenic Nr emissions lead to the direct toxicity to plant growth, long-term negative effects on increased NH3 and NH4+ availability, and soil and water acidification, so the study proposes the critical value of Nr deposition health threshold for terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. In present study, we summarize the health effect thresholds to different ecosystem type under threat of progressively increasing Nr deposition, while effective emission-control strategies can be developed for Nr deposition detrimental effects control in the near future. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gao, Yang; He, Nianpeng; Zhang, Xinyu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. [Gao, Yang] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Gao, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China. EM gaoyang@igsnrr.ac.cn; henp@igsnrr.ac.cn OI he, nianpeng/0000-0002-0458-5953 FU National Nature Science Foundation of China [31290221]; "Bingwei" Excellent Talents program from the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences FX We thank Brian Doonan (McGill University, Canada) for his help in writing this paper and provide useful suggestions. This work was financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (31290221) and the "Bingwei" Excellent Talents program from the Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The authors would also like to thank all anonymous reviewers for their helpful remarks. NR 108 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 11 U2 95 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 70 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.06.027 PG 7 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA AN5SR UT WOS:000340652100039 ER PT J AU Rivas, DA Lessard, SJ Rice, NP Lustgarten, MS So, K Goodyear, LJ Parnell, LD Fielding, RA AF Rivas, Donato A. Lessard, Sarah J. Rice, Nicholas P. Lustgarten, Michael S. So, Kawai Goodyear, Laurie J. Parnell, Laurence D. Fielding, Roger A. TI Diminished skeletal muscle microRNA expression with aging is associated with attenuated muscle plasticity and inhibition of IGF-1 signaling SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE noncoding RNA; genomics; humans; resistance exercise ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; RESISTANCE EXERCISE; GENE-EXPRESSION; ENDURANCE EXERCISE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; METABOLISM; MOUSE; MASS; AGE AB Older individuals have a reduced capacity to induce muscle hypertrophy with resistance exercise (RE), which may contribute to the age-induced loss of muscle mass and function, sarcopenia. We tested the novel hypothesis that dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) may contribute to reduced muscle plasticity with aging. Skeletal muscle expression profiling of protein-coding genes and miRNA was performed in younger (YNG) and older (OLD) men after an acute bout of RE. 21 miRNAs were altered by RE in YNG men, while no RE-induced changes in miRNA expression were observed in OLD men. This striking absence in miRNA regulation in OLD men was associated with blunted transcription of mRNAs, with only 42 genes altered in OLD men vs. 175 in YNG men following RE, demonstrating a reduced adaptability of aging muscle to exercise. Integrated bioinformatics analysis identified miR-126 as an important regulator of the transcriptional response to exercise and reduced lean mass in OLD men. Manipulation of miR-126 levels in myocytes, in vitro, revealed its direct effects on the expression of regulators of skeletal muscle growth and activation of insulin growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling. This work identifies a mechanistic role of miRNA in the adaptation of muscle to anabolic stimulation and reveals a significant impairment in exercise-induced miRNA/mRNA regulation with aging. C1 [Rivas, Donato A.; Rice, Nicholas P.; Lustgarten, Michael S.; So, Kawai; Fielding, Roger A.] Tufts Univ, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Parnell, Laurence D.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Nutr Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lessard, Sarah J.; Goodyear, Laurie J.] Joslin Diabet Ctr, Div Res, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Lessard, Sarah J.; Goodyear, Laurie J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Rivas, DA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr Exercise Physiol & Sarcopenia Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM donato.rivas@tufts.edu OI Rivas, Donato/0000-0002-4500-6233 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) [58-1950-0014]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Center Older American Independence Centers (OAIC) [1P30AG031679]; Boston Claude D. Pepper Center OAIC; William Randolph Hearst Fellowship in Clinical and Translational Research FX This material is based on the work supported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), under agreement 58-1950-0014. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. The study was also supported by the Boston Claude D. Pepper Center Older American Independence Centers (OAIC; 1P30AG031679). D.A.R. is supported by a Research Career Development Core Fellowship from the Boston Claude D. Pepper Center OAIC. S.J.L. is supported by the William Randolph Hearst Fellowship in Clinical and Translational Research. NR 68 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 9 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 28 IS 9 BP 4133 EP 4147 DI 10.1096/fj.14-254490 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA AN8HU UT WOS:000340845900030 PM 24928197 ER PT J AU Leavens, TL Tell, LA Kissell, LW Smith, GW Smith, DJ Wagner, SA Shelver, WL Wu, HL Baynes, RE Riviere, JE AF Leavens, Teresa L. Tell, Lisa A. Kissell, Lindsey W. Smith, Geoffrey W. Smith, David J. Wagner, Sarah A. Shelver, Weilin L. Wu, Huali Baynes, Ronald E. Riviere, Jim E. TI Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for flunixin in cattle (Bos taurus) SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE flunixin; PBPK models; withdrawal intervals; route of administration; cattle (Bos taurus) ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ONCE-DAILY MILKING; WITHDRAWAL TIMES; DAIRY-COWS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; RESIDUE DEPLETION; EDIBLE TISSUES; PBPK MODEL; PLASMA; DRUG AB Frequent violation of flunixin residues in tissues from cattle has been attributed to non-compliance with the USFDA-approved route of administration and withdrawal time. However, the effect of administration route and physiological differences among animals on tissue depletion has not been determined. The objective of this work was to develop a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model to predict plasma, liver and milk concentrations of flunixin in cattle following intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) or subcutaneous (s.c.) administration for use as a tool to determine factors that may affect the withdrawal time. The PBPK model included blood flow-limited distribution in all tissues and elimination in the liver, kidney and milk. Regeneration of parent flunixin due to enterohepatic recirculation and hydrolysis of conjugated metabolites was incorporated in the liver compartment. Values for physiological parameters were obtained from the literature, and partition coefficients for all tissues but liver and kidney were derived empirically. Liver and kidney partition coefficients and elimination parameters were estimated for 14 pharmacokinetic studies (including five crossover studies) from the literature or government sources in which flunixin was administered i.v., i.m. or s.c. Model simulations compared well with data for the matrices following all routes of administration. Influential model parameters included those that may be age or disease-dependent, such as clearance and rate of milk production. Based on the model, route of administration would not affect the estimated days to reach the tolerance concentration (0.125 mg kg(-1)) in the liver of treated cattle. The majority of USDA-reported violative residues in liver were below the upper uncertainty predictions based on estimated parameters, which suggests the need to consider variability due to disease and age in establishing withdrawal intervals for drugs used in food animals. The model predicted that extravascular routes of administration prolonged flunixin concentrations in milk, which could result in violative milk residues in treated cattle. C1 [Leavens, Teresa L.; Kissell, Lindsey W.; Smith, Geoffrey W.; Wu, Huali; Baynes, Ronald E.; Riviere, Jim E.] N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Ctr Chem Toxicol Res & Pharmacokinet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Tell, Lisa A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Smith, David J.; Shelver, Weilin L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Wagner, Sarah A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Wu, Huali] Hamner Inst Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Riviere, Jim E.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Inst Computat Comparat Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Leavens, TL (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Pathobiol, Ctr Chem Toxicol Res & Pharmacokinet, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kinetics@leavens.us FU United States Department of Agriculture for the Food Animal Residue Avoidance and Depletion Program FX This work was supported by funding through the United States Department of Agriculture for the Food Animal Residue Avoidance and Depletion Program. Declaration of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 67 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 EI 1944-0057 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1506 EP 1521 DI 10.1080/19440049.2014.938363 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA AO0SG UT WOS:000341021500007 PM 25082521 ER PT J AU Fisichelli, NA Abella, SR Peters, M Krist, FJ AF Fisichelli, Nicholas A. Abella, Scott R. Peters, Matthew Krist, Frank J., Jr. TI Climate, trees, pests, and weeds: Change, uncertainty, and biotic stressors in eastern U.S. national park forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Climate change adaptation; Eastern United States; Forest health; Nonnative species; Vulnerability Assessment ID GREAT SMOKY MOUNTAINS; WARMER TEMPERATURES; CHESTNUT BLIGHT; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL CHANGE; GYPSY-MOTH; RESPONSES; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE; DEFOLIATION AB The US National Park Service (NPS) manages over 8900 km(2) of forest area in the eastern United States where climate change and nonnative species are altering forest structure, composition, and processes. Understanding potential forest change in response to climate, differences in habitat projections among models (uncertainty), and nonnative biotic stressors (tree pests and diseases and invasive plants) are vital for forward-looking land management. In this research, we examined potential changes in tree habitat suitability using two climate scenarios ('least change' and 'major change') to evaluate uncertainty in the magnitude of potential forest change. We further used nonnative tree pest and plant data to examine strengths and spatial patterns of these stressors and their correlations with projected changes in tree habitat. Analyses included 121 national parks, 134 tree species (from the US Forest Service Climate Change Atlas), 81 nonnative tree pests (from the US Forest Service Alien Forest Pest Explorer Database), and nonnative vascular plant presence data from each park. Lastly, for individual tree species in individual parks, we categorized potential habitat suitability change (from late 20th century baseline to 2100) into three change classes: large decrease (<50%), minor change (50-200%), and large increase (>200%). Results show that the potential magnitude of forest change (percentage of modeled tree species in the large decrease and large increase classes, combined) varies from 22% to 77% at individual parks. Uncertainty (the percentage of tree species in differing change classes across climate scenarios) varies from 18% to 84% at parks. Nonnative plant species comprise from <10% to about 50% of the flora at parks. The number of nonnative tree pest species ranges from 15 to 70 among parks. Potential forest change, uncertainty, and nonnative pests and plants have significant positive correlations, illustrating the broad scope of potential compounding effects and future changes in many eastern forests. The combination of rapid climate change and nonnative stressors may accelerate decline of some tree species and inhibit other species from occupying climatically suitable habitat. Stewarding forests for continuous change is a challenge for park managers. Understanding and anticipating projected rates and directions of forest change and nonnative biotic stressors should facilitate monitoring and management efforts on park lands and across the broader landscape. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Fisichelli, Nicholas A.; Abella, Scott R.] Natl Pk Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Peters, Matthew] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH USA. [Krist, Frank J., Jr.] US Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Fisichelli, NA (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM nicholas_fisichelli@nps.gov NR 46 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 5 U2 78 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 327 BP 31 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.033 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN8KJ UT WOS:000340852800005 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Benecke, CA Jokela, EJ Cropper, WP Bracho, R Leduc, DJ AF Gonzalez-Benecke, Carlos A. Jokela, Eric J. Cropper, Wendell P., Jr. Bracho, Rosvel Leduc, Daniel J. TI Parameterization of the 3-PG model for Pinus elliottii stands using alternative methods to estimate fertility rating, biomass partitioning and canopy closure SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE 3-PG model; Forest modeling; Physiological process-based model; Slash pine; Ecophysiology; Stand dynamics ID SLASH PINE; LOBLOLLY-PINE; ORGANIC-MATTER; NORTH FLORIDA; EUCALYPTUS PLANTATION; FOREST PRODUCTIVITY; LIGHT INTERCEPTION; LEAF-AREA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CARBON DYNAMICS AB The forest simulation model, 3-PG, has been widely applied as a useful tool for predicting growth of forest species in many countries. The model has the capability to estimate the effects of management, climate and site characteristics on many stand attributes using easily available data. Currently, there is an increasing interest in estimating biomass and assessing the potential impact of climate change for slash pine (Pinus elliottii Engelm. var. elliottii), a commercially important tree species of the southeastern U.S. The 3-PG model had not been previously parameterized for this species. Using data from the literature and long-term productivity studies, we parameterized 3-PG for slash pine stands, developing new functions for estimating biomass pools at variable starting ages, canopy cover dynamics, allocation dynamics, density-independent tree mortality and the fertility rating. The model was tested against data from measurement plots covering a wide range of stand characteristics (age, productivity and management), distributed within and beyond the natural range of the species, including stands in Uruguay, South America. Across all tested sites, estimations of survival, basal area, height, volume and above-ground biomass agreed well with measured values. The bias was small and generally less than 7%. This paper reports the first set of 3-PG parameter estimates for slash pine, showing new methodologies to determine important estimates. The model can be applied to stands growing over a large geographical area and across a wide range of ages and stand characteristics. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gonzalez-Benecke, Carlos A.; Jokela, Eric J.; Cropper, Wendell P., Jr.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Bracho, Rosvel] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Leduc, Daniel J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Southern Res Stn, Forestry Ctr, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Gonzalez-Benecke, CA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, POB 110410, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM cgonzabe@ufl.edu RI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/E-5952-2010 OI Cropper, Jr., Wendell/0000-0001-7851-7382 FU U.S. Department of Defense, through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP); University of Florida's Carbon Resources Science Center; Forest Biology Research Cooperative; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Coordinated Agricultural Project program FX This research was also supported by the U.S. Department of Defense, through the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), the University of Florida's Carbon Resources Science Center, the Forest Biology Research Cooperative, and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Coordinated Agricultural Project program. Special thank goes to Mr. Gregory Powell at the University of Florida, to Dr. Henry Gholz at the National Science Foundation, and to Mr. Daniel Ramirez at Cambium Forestal Uruguay S.A., for providing valuable data for parameter estimation and model validation. NR 96 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 327 BP 55 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.04.030 PG 21 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN8KJ UT WOS:000340852800008 ER PT J AU Rocca, ME Miniat, CF Mitchell, RJ AF Rocca, Monique E. Miniat, Chelcy Ford Mitchell, Robert J. TI Introduction to the regional assessments: Climate change, wildfire, and forest ecosystem services in the USA SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID FIRE; CALIFORNIA C1 [Rocca, Monique E.] Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Miniat, Chelcy Ford] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Watershed Res, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Mitchell, Robert J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA 39870 USA. RP Rocca, ME (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM Monique.Rocca@colostate.edu RI Rocca, Monique/N-4528-2013; OI Rocca, Monique/0000-0002-5298-1643; Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 327 BP 265 EP 268 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.06.007 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN8KJ UT WOS:000340852800027 ER PT J AU Clark, KL Skowronski, N Renninger, H Scheller, R AF Clark, Kenneth L. Skowronski, Nicholas Renninger, Heidi Scheller, Robert TI Climate change and fire management in the mid-Atlantic region SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Forest composition; Wildfire; Prescribed burns; Carbon sequestration; Mitigation ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; JERSEY PINE-BARRENS; REPEATED PRESCRIBED FIRES; FUEL-REDUCTION TREATMENTS; MIXED-OAK FORESTS; SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; NORTH-AMERICAN FORESTS; CARBON DYNAMICS; SURROGATE TREATMENTS AB In this review, we summarize the potential impacts of climate change on wildfire activity in the mid-Atlantic region, and then consider how the beneficial uses of prescribed fire could conflict with mitigation needs for climate change, focusing on patters of carbon (C) sequestration by forests in the region. We use a synthesis of field studies, eddy flux tower measurements, and simulation studies to evaluate how the use of prescribed fire affects short- and long-term forest C dynamics. Climate change may create weather conditions more conducive to wildfire activity, but successional changes in forest composition, altered gap dynamics, reduced understory and forest floor fuels, and fire suppression will likely continue to limit wildfire occurrence and severity throughout the region. Prescribed burning is the only major viable option that land managers have for reducing hazardous fuels in a cost-effective manner, or ensuring the regeneration and maintenance of fire-dependent species. Field measurements and model simulations indicate that consumption of fine fuels on the forest floor and understory vegetation during most prescribed burns is equivalent to <1-3 years of sequestered C, and depends on pre-burn fuel loading and burn intensity. Overstory tree mortality is typically low, and stands have somewhat reduced daytime C uptake during the next growing season following burns, but may also have reduced rates of ecosystem respiration. On an annual basis, net ecosystem productivity is negative the first year when consumption losses are included, but then positive in following years, and stands can reach C neutrality within <2-3 years. Field data and model simulations suggest that increases in prescribed burning in fire-prone areas would have little appreciable effect on long-term forest C dynamics in some fire-prone forest types. Large-scale conversion to young pine plantations for fiber and biofuels will potentially increase the risk of wildfires, as had occurred previously in the late-19th and early-20th centuries in the region. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Clark, Kenneth L.] USDA Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest, No Res Stn, New Lisbon, NJ 08064 USA. [Skowronski, Nicholas] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Renninger, Heidi] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Scheller, Robert] Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Clark, KL (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Silas Little Expt Forest, No Res Stn, 501 Four Mile Rd,POB 232, New Lisbon, NJ 08064 USA. EM kennethclark@fs.fed.us RI Renninger, Heidi/E-5237-2015; Scheller, Robert/B-3135-2009; Skowronski, Nicholas/N-4417-2013 OI Renninger, Heidi/0000-0002-2485-9835; Skowronski, Nicholas/0000-0002-5801-5614 NR 107 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 327 BP 306 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.09.049 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN8KJ UT WOS:000340852800032 ER PT J AU Mitchell, RJ Liu, YQ O'Brien, JJ Elliott, KJ Starr, G Miniat, CF Hiers, JK AF Mitchell, Robert J. Liu, Yongqiang O'Brien, Joseph J. Elliott, Katherine J. Starr, Gregory Miniat, Chelcy Ford Hiers, J. Kevin TI Future climate and fire interactions in the southeastern region of the United States SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Biodiversity; Carbon sequestration; Climate change; Ecological services; Prescribed fire; Wildland fire ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS; MIXED-OAK FORESTS; LONGLEAF PINE; PRESCRIBED FIRE; SURROGATE TREATMENTS; TROPICAL SAVANNA; BURN SEVERITY; SOIL SOLUTION; CARBON; CO2 AB Fire has a profound, though paradoxical influence on landscapes of the southeastern U.S.; it simultaneously maintains native biodiversity and ecosystem processes but also threatens silvicultural resources and human landscapes. Furthermore, since the majority of the southern landscape is heavily influenced by human activities, contemporary fire regimes are human managed disturbances within extant fire-dependent ecosystems. Though there is considerable uncertainty in climate projections for the southeastern U.S., climate change will likely impact both prescribed fire and wildfire. In this review, we synthesize climate change-fire interactions, discuss the impacts of uncertainty in a human-dominated landscape, and illuminate how both climate change projections and their uncertainties might impact our ability to manage forests in the Southeast. We define the Southeast region as consisting of the Gulf Coastal Plain, Lower Atlantic Coastal Plain, Piedmont and southern Appalachians and associated subregions. This region has the greatest area burned by prescribed fire, the highest number of wildfires in the continental U.S. and contains globally significant hotspots of biodiversity, much of which is dependent on frequent fire. The use of prescribed fire as a management tool depends on a suite of weather and fuel conditions which are affected by climate. Over the next five decades, general circulation models (GCMs) consistently predict air temperature to increase by 1.5-3 degrees C in the Southeast. Precipitation forecasts are more uncertain with respect to the mean; but, most models predict an increase in precipitation variability. Increases in the likelihood of severe droughts may increase wildfire occurrence while simultaneously limiting the implementation of prescribed burning by restricting the number of days within current prescription guidelines. While the Southeast has among the highest potential for C storage and sequestration, a reduction in C sequestration capacity due to increasing disturbances such as drought, insect infestations, hurricanes and fire, is possible. The potential for long-term shifts in forest composition from climate-altered fire regimes if coupled with an increased potential for wildfire occurrence could reduce quality and quantity of water released from forests at times when demand for high quality water will intensify for human use. Furthermore, any reduction in prescribed burning is likely to result in decreased biological diversity, particularly in the Coastal Plain, a global hotspot of biodiversity. Lastly, more future area burned by wildfire rather than prescribed fire has the potential to negatively influence regional air quality. Mitigating the negative effects of climate change-fire interactions would require actively exploiting favorable seasonal and inter-annual climate windows. Monitoring the type conversions of agricultural and fiber production forest will be critical for long-term projections of fire risk and watershed impacts of altered fire regimes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mitchell, Robert J.] Joseph W Jones Ecol Res Ctr, Newton, GA 39870 USA. [Liu, Yongqiang; O'Brien, Joseph J.] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, US Forest Serv, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Elliott, Katherine J.; Miniat, Chelcy Ford] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Otto, NC 28763 USA. [Starr, Gregory] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Hiers, J. Kevin] Air Force Wildland Fire Ctr, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. RP O'Brien, JJ (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, US Forest Serv, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jjobrien@fs.fed.us OI Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783 FU USDA/USDI Joint Fire Science Program [JFSP 11172]; USDA NIFA Project [2013-35100-20516]; USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station FX The project was partially supported by the USDA/USDI Joint Fire Science Program under Agreement No. JFSP 11172, and the USDA NIFA Project 2013-35100-20516. This project was also supported by the USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. NR 107 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 24 U2 127 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD SEP 1 PY 2014 VL 327 BP 316 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2013.12.003 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA AN8KJ UT WOS:000340852800033 ER PT J AU Howard, JT Kachman, SD Snelling, WM Pollak, EJ Ciobanu, DC Kuehn, LA Spangler, ML AF Howard, Jeremy T. Kachman, Stephen D. Snelling, Warren M. Pollak, E. John Ciobanu, Daniel C. Kuehn, Larry A. Spangler, Matthew L. TI Beef cattle body temperature during climatic stress: a genome-wide association study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Beef cattle; Body temperature; Genome-wide association study ID RECTAL TEMPERATURE; THERMAL-STRESS; BOS-TAURUS; HEAT; RESPONSES; TRAITS; BREED AB Cattle are reared in diverse environments and collecting phenotypic body temperature (BT) measurements to characterize BT variation across diverse environments is difficult and expensive. To better understand the genetic basis of BT regulation, a genome-wide association study was conducted utilizing crossbred steers and heifers totaling 239 animals of unknown pedigree and breed fraction. During predicted extreme heat and cold stress events, hourly tympanic and vaginal BT devices were placed in steers and heifers, respectively. Individuals were genotyped with the BovineSNP50K_v2 assay and data analyzed using Bayesian models for area under the curve (AUC), a measure of BT over time, using hourly BT observations summed across 5-days (AUC summer 5-day (AUCS5D) and AUC winter 5-day (AUCW5D)). Posterior heritability estimates were moderate to high and were estimated to be 0.68 and 0.21 for AUCS5D and AUCW5D, respectively. Moderately positive correlations between direct genomic values for AUCS5D and AUCW5D (0.40) were found, although a small percentage of the top 5 % 1-Mb windows were in common. Different sets of genes were associated with BT during winter and summer, thus simultaneous selection for animals tolerant to both heat and cold appears possible. C1 [Howard, Jeremy T.; Ciobanu, Daniel C.; Spangler, Matthew L.] Univ Nebraska, Anim Sci Dept A218H, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Kachman, Stephen D.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Stat, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Snelling, Warren M.; Pollak, E. John; Kuehn, Larry A.] ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, USDA, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Spangler, ML (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Anim Sci Dept A218H, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM mspangler2@unl.edu OI Spangler, Matthew/0000-0001-5184-501X; Kachman, Stephen/0000-0003-0506-513X FU University of Nebraska-Lincoln Layman award FX The authors would like to thank Leslie J. Johnson, Stephanie Moore, Cody Schneider, and Brandon Nuttelman for their assistance during data collection and the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Layman award for funding of the project. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 EI 1432-1254 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 58 IS 7 BP 1665 EP 1672 DI 10.1007/s00484-013-0773-5 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA AN8QH UT WOS:000340868200026 PM 24362770 ER EF