FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Reyes-Vera, I Potenza, C Barrow, J AF Reyes-Vera, Isaac Potenza, Carol Barrow, Jerry TI Hyperhydricity reversal and clonal propagation of four-wing saltbush (Atriplex canescens, Chenopodiaceae) cultivated in vitro SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY LA English DT Article ID ETHYLENE PRODUCTION; TISSUE-CULTURES; VITRIFICATION; INVITRO; GROWTH; PLANTS; SHOOTS; ACID; LEAVES AB In vitro propagated shoots of four-wing saltbush (Atriplex canescens, Pursh Nutt) showed severe symptoms of hyperhydricity. We show that the reversion of hyperhydric A. canescens shoots to normal shoots was significantly affected by the presence of inorganic nitrogen in the culture vessel. When the culture vessel was vented or when ammonium nitrate was deleted from Murashige and Skoog basal medium, rates of reversion were significantly higher. Although statistically significant differences were evident when comparing vented v. non-vented treatments for each medium, the modified culture medium with vented closures was consistently the best treatment, showing a total cumulative frequency of 39.7% reversion to normal morphology, compared with a total cumulative frequency of 7.1% observed in the control treatment. Resulting normal shoots also showed significant improvements in further manipulations, including rooting in vitro, transplantation to soil and survival in native sites. C1 [Reyes-Vera, Isaac] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Potenza, Carol; Barrow, Jerry] ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Reyes-Vera, I (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM ireyes@nmsu.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 0067-1924 J9 AUST J BOT JI Aust. J. Bot. PY 2008 VL 56 IS 4 BP 358 EP 362 DI 10.1071/BT07116 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 312XZ UT WOS:000256707000007 ER PT J AU Lambkin, CL Fayed, SA Manchester, C La Salle, J Scheffer, SJ Yeates, DK AF Lambkin, Christine L. Fayed, Sarah A. Manchester, Christopher La Salle, John Scheffer, Sonja J. Yeates, David K. TI Plant hosts and parasitoid associations of leaf mining flies (Diptera : Agromyzidae) in the Canberra region of Australia SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cerodontha milleri; Chromatomyia; Hemiptarsenus varicornis; Phytomyza; Sonchus oleraceus ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; SPECIES COMPOSITION; LEAFMINERS DIPTERA; VEGETABLES; HYMENOPTERA; EULOPHIDAE; INDONESIA; MINERS; WEEDS AB Many leaf mining flies (Diptera: Agromyzidae) are important economic pests of agricultural crops and ornamental plants, and species-rich hymenopteran parasitoid complexes are important in their control. Australian agromyzids are poorly studied, and little is known about their host plants, ecology or natural enemies. We surveyed native and naturalised species of leaf mining flies in Tallaganda National Park, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory. Malaise and emergence trapping in Tallaganda yielded 70 agromyzid specimens from six species in four genera: Cerodontha Rondani, Liriomyza Mik, Phytoliriomyza Hendel and Phytomyza Fallen. Of the six species collected, three are Australasian species, two are naturalised species introduced from Europe and one could not be determined to species. The Australian Cerodontha (Cerodontha) milleri Spencer represented most of the individuals caught in both Malaise and emergence traps. A total of 163 agromyzid and 98 parasitic wasp specimens were reared from plant samples with agromyzid mines in the Canberra region. Most agromyzids and parasitoids were reared from the weed Sonchus oleraceus L. (Asteraceae). All the agromyzids reared belonged to two introduced species of the genera Phytomyza and Chromatomyia Hardy. The biodiversity of parasitic wasps reared was high with 14 species from seven genera and three families. Hemiptarsenus varicornis (Girault) (Eulophidae), a widespread Old World agromyzid parasitoid, was the most numerous parasitoid reared in our survey. C1 [Lambkin, Christine L.; Fayed, Sarah A.; Manchester, Christopher; La Salle, John; Yeates, David K.] CSIRO Entomol, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Lambkin, Christine L.] Queensland Museum, S Bank, Brisbane, Qld 4101, Australia. [Scheffer, Sonja J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Lambkin, CL (reprint author), CSIRO Entomol, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. EM christine.lambkin@qm.qld.gov.au RI La Salle, John/B-9544-2008; Yeates, David/A-9917-2008 OI La Salle, John/0000-0002-8816-9569; Yeates, David/0000-0001-7729-6143 NR 36 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1326-6756 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2008 VL 47 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2007.00622.x PN 1 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 263XP UT WOS:000253250100005 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML AF Buffington, Matthew L. TI A revision of Australian Thrasorinae (Hymenoptera : Figitidae) with a description of a new genus and six new species SO AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cynipoidea; Mikeius; new genus; new species; redescription; Thrasorus ID PHYLOGENY; CYNIPOIDEA; EVOLUTION; MORPHOLOGY; APOCRITA; WASPS AB A new genus of Thrasorinae (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) is described from Australia, and includes specimens reared from an unidentified Ophelimus species (Eulophidae: Ophelimini) on Eucalyptus cinerea (Myrtaceae). Mikeius, new genus, includes six species: M. berryi sp. n., M. gatesi sp. n., M. grandawi sp. n., M. hartigi (Girault) n. comb., M. neumanni sp. n. and M. schauffi sp. n.; M. hartigi is designated as the type species of Mikeius. Thrasorus Weld is revised, and the description of T. schmidtae sp. n. is provided, as well as a redescription of T. pilosus Weld. All records to date indicate that species of Mikeius and Thrasorus are associated with hosts that induce galls on species of Acacia and Eucalyptus, although most of these host records await verification. A list of world species of Thrasorinae is provided. C1 USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, 10th & Constitut Ave NW POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1326-6756 EI 1440-6055 J9 AUST J ENTOMOL JI Aust. J. Entomol. PY 2008 VL 47 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1111/j.1440-6055.2008.00647.x PN 3 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 334MB UT WOS:000258224800006 ER PT J AU Pandiri, AR Gimeno, IM Reed, WM Lee, LF Silva, RF Fadly, AM AF Pandiri, A. R. Gimeno, I. M. Reed, W. M. Lee, L. F. Silva, R. F. Fadly, A. M. TI Distribution of viral antigen gp85 and provirus in various tissues from commercial meat-type and experimental White Leghorn Line 0 chickens with different subgroup J avian leukosis virus infection profiles SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; UNITED-STATES; TROPISM; MULTIPLICATION; LOCALIZATION; TUMORS; GENES; PCR; RNA AB Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to test for the presence of avian leukosis virus (ALV) J viral antigen gp85 and proviral DNA, respectively, in various tissues (adrenal gland, bone marrow, gonad, heart, kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, proventriculus, sciatic nerve, spleen, and thymus). Tissues were collected from 32-week-old commercial meat-type and Avian Disease and Oncology Laboratory experimental White Leghorn Line 0 chickens with the following different infection profiles: tV + A-, included in ovo-tolerized viraemic chickens with no neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) on any sampling; ntV + A-, included chickens that were viraemic and NAb-negative at the time of termination at 32 weeks post hatch, but had NAbs on up to two occasions; V+ A+, included chickens that were viraemic and NAb-positive at the time of termination at 32 weeks post hatch, and had NAbs on more than two occasions; V - A+, included chickens that were negative for viraemia and NAb-positive at the time of termination at 32 weeks post hatch, and had antibody on more than two occasions; V - A-, included chickens that were never exposed to ALV J virus. There was a direct correlation between viraemia and tissue distribution of gp85, regardless of the NAb status and strain of chickens, as expression of ALV J gp85 was noted in only viraemic chickens (tV + A-, ntV + A-, V+ A+), but not in non-viraemic seroconverted chickens (V - A+). Of the four oligonucleotide primers pairs used in PCR to identify ALV J provirus, only one primer set termed H5/H7 was useful in demonstrating ALV J proviral DNA in the majority of the tissues tested from non-viraemic, antibody-positive chickens (V - A+). The results suggest that PCR using primer pair H5/H7 is more sensitive than immunohistochemistry in identifying ALV J in chickens that have been exposed to virus, but are not actively viraemic. C1 [Pandiri, A. R.; Gimeno, I. M.; Lee, L. F.; Silva, R. F.; Fadly, A. M.] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Pandiri, A. R.; Gimeno, I. M.; Reed, W. M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Fadly, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM fadly@msu.edu NR 32 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1080/03079450701774843 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 252PA UT WOS:000252457200002 PM 18202944 ER PT J AU Zaffuto, KM Estevez, CN Afonso, CL AF Zaffuto, K. M. Estevez, C. N. Afonso, C. L. TI Primary chicken tracheal cell culture system for the study of infection with avian respiratory viruses SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE-VIRUS; INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES; AIRWAY EPITHELIUM; ORGAN-CULTURE; PROTEIN; CLEAVAGE; ASSAY; PATHOGENICITY; HEMAGGLUTININ; REPLICATION AB A major route of infection of avian influenza virus (AIV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in chickens is through cells of the respiratory epithelium. Here we describe the development of a method for culture of tracheal epithelial cells from chicken embryos as well as their use in studies of infection with avian respiratory viruses such as low-pathogenicity AIV and lentogenic NDV. Positive immunostaining for cytokeratin, the presence of cilia and microvilli, and microarray analysis of transcribed RNA demonstrated that the isolated cells were epithelial in nature. Infection of the epithelial cell cultures with AIV and NDV was demonstrated using immunofluorescence or green fluorescence protein fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Growth curves of AIV and NDV in tracheal epithelial cells revealed that tracheal epithelial cells can fully support AIV and NDV growth and reinfection. This system, which mimics that of the natural infection, will be useful to study the mechanisms of early viral infection and cellular host transcriptional responses. C1 [Zaffuto, K. M.; Estevez, C. N.; Afonso, C. L.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Afonso, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM claudio.afonso@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1080/03079450701774850 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 252PA UT WOS:000252457200004 PM 18202946 ER PT J AU Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Spackman, E Day, JM AF Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Spackman, Erica Day, J. Michael TI Pathogenesis of type 2 turkey astroviruses with variant capsid genes in 2-day-old specific pathogen free poults SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SMALL ROUND VIRUS; ENTERITIS MORTALITY SYNDROME; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; HATCHLING TURKEYS; AVIAN ASTROVIRUS; REPLICATION; CORONAVIRUS; INFECTION; DISEASE; COMPLEX AB The pathogenicity of three different type 2 turkey astroviruses (TAstV-2) was studied in specific pathogen free turkeys. These viruses differ based on sequence analysis of the capsid gene. Poults were inoculated at 2 days of age and examined during 14 days for clinical signs and virus shedding. All inoculated poults presented signs of enteric disease including diarrhoea and growth depression. Virus presence and shedding was detected by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction from intestinal contents and cloacal swabs collected at 3, 7 and 14 days post-inoculation. Viraemia was also confirmed by this method. Common lesions observed at necropsy were dehydration; distended intestines filled with watery contents and undigested feed, and dilated caeca with foamy contents. Microscopic lesions present in the intestines consisted of mild crypt hyperplasia, villous atrophy and lymphocytic infiltration, and were most common in the jejunum. Presence of the viruses was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and by in situ hybridization in both villi and crypt enterocytes in the jejunum and, less frequently, the duodenum, ileum and caeca. Mild lesions consisting mainly of lymphocytic infiltration were also observed in other organs including the pancreas, liver, spleen and kidneys. Mild to moderate bursal atrophy occurred in all TAstV-2-infected poults examined; however, no specific viral staining was observed in this organ or any other tissues examined apart from the intestines. In conclusion, TAstV-2 viruses with variant capsids produce a similar enteric disease in young turkeys and may also affect the immune system of the birds by causing bursal lymphoid depletion. C1 [Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.; Spackman, Erica; Day, J. Michael] ARS, SE Polutry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Pantin-Jackwood, MJ (reprint author), ARS, SE Polutry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Mary.Pantin-Jackwood@ars.usda.gov NR 43 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 2 BP 193 EP 201 DI 10.1080/03079450801932200 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 284XS UT WOS:000254741800012 PM 18393099 ER PT J AU Perozo, F Villegas, P Dolz, R Afonso, CL Purvis, LB AF Perozo, Francisco Villegas, Pedro Dolz, Roser Afonso, Claudio L. Purvis, Linda B. TI The VG/GA strain of Newcastle disease virus: mucosal immunity, protection against lethal challenge and molecular analysis SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMAGGLUTININ-NEURAMINIDASE PROTEIN; CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; FUSION PROTEIN; EPIDEMIOLOGIC ANALYSIS; CLEAVAGE SITE; DOMAIN-V; CHICKENS; VIRULENCE; TRANSCRIPTION; SEQUENCE AB The Villegas-Glisson/University of Georgia (VG/GA) strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from the intestine of healthy turkeys has been proposed to replicate in the respiratory and intestinal tract of chickens. In the present study, the virus distribution, the mucosal and systemic immune response, the efficacy against lethal challenge and the full genome sequence of the VG/GA strain were compared with the La Sota strain of NDV. The VG/GA strain was detected at different time points in the respiratory and intestinal tract of chickens with a preferential tropism for the latter. Both the VG/GA and La Sota strains induced NDV-specific immunoglobulin A (IgA) at the upper respiratory tract. IgA levels were higher in the trachea for the La Sota strain, while they were higher in the bile and intestine for the VG/GA strain. Positive correlation between virus distribution of the viruses and IgA production was observed. Despite the presence of the maternal antibodies in broilers, early vaccination with the VG/GA strain afforded 95% to 100% protection against lethal challenge, equivalent to the protection conferred by the La Sota strain. Full genome sequence analysis classified the VG/GA strain within class II, genotype II viruses, which also include most of the respirotropic vaccine strains. Differences with the La Sota strain at the nucleotide and amino acid levels that may explain the differential phenotype of the VG/GA were observed; however, verification of the significance of those changes is required. Taken together, these results validate field observations on the efficacy of VG/GA vaccination and demonstrated the unique characteristics of the strain. C1 [Perozo, Francisco; Villegas, Pedro; Purvis, Linda B.] Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Dolz, Roser] CReSA, Barcelona, Spain. [Afonso, Claudio L.] USDA, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Villegas, P (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pedrov@uga.edu NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 237 EP 245 DI 10.1080/03079450802043734 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 318EZ UT WOS:000257075700003 PM 18568649 ER PT J AU Turpin, EA Stallknecht, DE Slemons, RD Zsak, L Swayne, DE AF Turpin, E. A. Stallknecht, D. E. Slemons, R. D. Zsak, L. Swayne, D. E. TI Evidence of avian metapneumovirus subtype C infection of wild birds in Georgia, South Carolina, Arkansas and Ohio, USA SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; TURKEY RHINOTRACHEITIS VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; A INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; SUBGROUP-C; UNITED-STATES; ATTACHMENT GLYCOPROTEIN; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; COMMERCIAL TURKEYS; MINNESOTA TURKEYS AB Metapneumoviruses (MPVs) were first reported in avian species (aMPVs) in the late 1970s and in humans in 2001. Although aMPVs have been reported in Europe and Asia for over 20 years, the virus first appeared in the United States in 1996, leaving many to question the origin of the virus and why it proved to be a different subtype from those found elsewhere. To examine the potential role of migratory waterfowl and other wild birds in aMPV spread, our study focused on determining whether populations of wild birds have evidence of aMPV infection. Serum samples from multiple species were initially screened using a blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Antibodies to aMPVs were identified in five of the 15 species tested: American coots, American crows, Canada geese, cattle egrets, and rock pigeons. The presence of aMPV-specific antibodies was confirmed with virus neutralization and western blot assays. Oral swabs were collected from wild bird species with the highest percentage of aMPV-seropositive serum samples: the American coots and Canada geese. From these swabs, 17 aMPV-positive samples were identified, 11 from coots and six from geese. Sequence analysis of the matrix, attachment gene and short hydrophobic genes revealed that these viruses belong to subtype C aMPV. The detection of aMPV antibodies and the presence of virus in wild birds in Georgia, South Carolina, Arkansas and Ohio demonstrates that wild birds can serve as a reservoir of subtype C aMPV, and may provide a potential mechanism to spread aMPVs to poultry in other regions of the United States and possibly to other countries in Central and South America. C1 [Turpin, E. A.; Zsak, L.; Swayne, D. E.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Turpin, E. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Stallknecht, D. E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Slemons, R. D.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.gov NR 50 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 343 EP 351 DI 10.1080/03079450802068566 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 318EZ UT WOS:000257075700017 PM 18568663 ER PT J AU Brown, JD Stallknecht, DE Swayne, DE AF Brown, Justin D. Stallknecht, David E. Swayne, David E. TI Experimental infections of herring gulls (Larus argentatus) with H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses by intranasal inoculation of virus and ingestion of virus-infected chicken meat SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY; BIRDS; DUCKS AB The present study investigated the susceptibility of herring gulls (Larus argentatus) exposed to two strains of Asian lineage H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus by evenly separating six gulls into two groups and inoculating them intranasally with 10(6) median embryo infectious doses of either A/whooper swan/Mongolia/244/05 (H5N1) or A/duck meat/Anyang/AVL-1/01 (H5N1). Two additional gulls were fed 5.0 g meat from a specific pathogen free chicken that died after experimental infection with A/whooper swan/Mongolia/244/05. Morbidity and mortality were observed in the gulls infected with A/whooper swan/Mongolia/244/05 by both routes of exposure. Gulls infected with A/duck meat/Anyang/AVL-1/01 exhibited high morbidity, but no mortality. The concentration and duration of viral shedding were similar between gulls infected with either strain of H5N1 HPAI virus by intranasal inoculation and gulls exposed to A/whooper swan/Mongolia/244/05 through ingestion of virus-infected chicken meat. The susceptibility of herring gulls in this study varied between the two strains of Asian lineage H5N1 HPAI virus. These results also provide preliminary data to support that ingestion of virus-infected raw or uncooked chicken meat is a viable route of exposure to some H5N1 HPAI viruses in herring gulls. Additional studies are necessary to further evaluate the efficiency of this route of exposure to a variety of H5N1 HPAI virus strains in herring gulls and other avian species in order to better understand the potential role of scavenging species in the epidemiology of H5N1 HPAI virus. C1 [Brown, Justin D.; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Swayne, David E.] USDA, ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Brown, JD (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Wildlife Hlth Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jubrown1@uga.edu NR 13 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 393 EP 397 DI 10.1080/03079450802216595 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 325MJ UT WOS:000257592700006 PM 18622855 ER PT J AU Zsak, L Strother, KO Kisary, J AF Zsak, L. Strother, K. O. Kisary, J. TI Partial genome sequence analysis of parvoviruses associated with enteric disease in poultry SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TURKEY-ORIGIN REOVIRUSES; STUNTING SYNDROME; BROILER-CHICKENS; DNA-REPLICATION; VIRUS; INFECTIONS; ASTROVIRUS; PROTEINS; COMPLEX; MOTIFS AB Poult enteritis mortality syndrome (PEMS) of turkeys and runting-stunting syndrome (RSS) of chickens are significant viral enteric diseases of poultry. Although a number of different viruses, including avian reoviruses, rotaviruses, astroviruses and coronaviruses, have been isolated from the intestinal contents of birds in affected poultry flocks, their role in PEMS and RSS is not yet understood. Here, we report the application of a molecular screening method to detection of novel viruses in intestinal samples of chickens and turkeys exhibiting characteristic signs of enteric disease. The technique is based on random amplification of particle-associated nucleic acids in clinical samples. Using this method we successfully identified parvovirus DNA sequences in intestinal homogenates of affected birds. This is the first time partial genomic sequences of autonomously replicating chicken and turkey parvoviruses have been described. Sequence analysis of the left end of the genome, including the complete non-structural gene, demonstrated that the chicken and turkey parvoviruses were closely related to each other and were representative of a novel member of the Parvovirus family. These parvoviruses may play a significant role in the aetiology of PEMS and RSS. C1 [Zsak, L.; Strother, K. O.] USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Kisary, J.] Hungarian Acad Sci, H-1051 Budapest, Hungary. RP Zsak, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM laszlo.zsak@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 435 EP 441 DI 10.1080/03079450802210648 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 325MJ UT WOS:000257592700013 PM 18622862 ER PT J AU Santos, VLSL Williams, SM Zavala, G Barbosa, T Zhang, J Cheng, S Shivaprasad, HL Hafner, S Fadly, A Santos, RL Brown, CC AF Santos, Vitor L. S. L. Williams, Susan M. Zavala, Guillermo Barbosa, Taylor Zhang, Jian Cheng, Sunny Shivaprasad, H. L. Hafner, Scott Fadly, Aly Santos, Renato L. Brown, Corrie C. TI Detection of reticuloendotheliosis virus by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization in experimentally infected Japanese quail embryos and archived formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tumours SO AVIAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AVIAN-LEUKOSIS VIRUS; TURKEY MELEAGRIS-GALLOPAVO; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MAREKS-DISEASE VACCINE; PRAIRIE CHICKENS; SUBGROUP-J; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; ENDANGERED ATTWATERS; RETROVIRUS; TRANSFORMATION AB Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) infection can result in immunosuppression, a runting syndrome, high mortality, acute reticulum cell neoplasia, or T-cell and/or B-cell lymphomas, in a variety of domestic and wild birds. Histopathological changes in REV infection are not sufficient to differentiate it from avian lymphoid leukosis and Marek's disease, and currently there are no available in situ diagnostic methods for detection of active REV presence in pathologic specimens. To develop immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization assays for detection of REV active infections, experimentally inoculated Japanese quail embryos, and archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from natural and experimental reticuloendotheliosis cases in chickens and turkeys, were examined. The in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry assays proved to be efficient for the detection of several REV strains in Japanese quail embryos during active infection, whereas these assays were much less sensitive when applied to archived tissue samples from chronically infected birds with lymphoid tumours. The diagnostic assays developed in this study have potential as diagnostic tools for detection of active REV infections. C1 [Brown, Corrie C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Santos, Vitor L. S. L.; Santos, Renato L.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Escola Vet, Dept Clin & Cirurg Vet, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Williams, Susan M.; Zavala, Guillermo; Barbosa, Taylor; Cheng, Sunny] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Poultry Diagnost & Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shivaprasad, H. L.] Univ Calif Davis, CAHFS Fresno Branch, Fresno, CA USA. [Hafner, Scott] USDA, Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci, Eastern Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Fadly, Aly] USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Brown, CC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, 501 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM corbrown@uga.edu RI Santos, Renato/A-1134-2008; Pecuaria brasileira, Inct/J-9542-2013 OI Santos, Renato/0000-0002-4830-0470; NR 34 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-9457 J9 AVIAN PATHOL JI Avian Pathol. PY 2008 VL 37 IS 4 BP 451 EP 456 DI 10.1080/03079450802210663 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 325MJ UT WOS:000257592700015 PM 18622864 ER PT J AU Cote, GL Sheng, S Dunlap, CA AF Cote, Gregory L. Sheng, Suzie Dunlap, Christopher A. TI Alternansucrase acceptor products SO BIOCATALYSIS AND BIOTRANSFORMATION LA English DT Article DE oligosaccharides; alternansucrase; prebiotic; maltose; sucrose; fructose; glucansucrase ID MESENTEROIDES NRRL B-1355; OLIGOSACCHARIDE SYNTHESIS; DEXTRANSUCRASE; SUCROSE; MALTOSE; GLUCANSUCRASES; MECHANISM AB The regioselectivity of alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140) differs from dextransucrase (EC 2.4.1.5) in ways that can be useful for the synthesis of novel oligosaccharide structures. For example, it has been recently shown that the major oligosaccharides produced when maltose is the acceptor include one trisaccharide structure, two tetrasaccharides, one pentasaccharide, two hexasaccharides, one heptasaccharide, and at least two octasaccharides, containing no adjacent -(1 -> 3) linkages and no more than two consecutive alpha-(1 -> 6) linkages. This may shed some light on how the enzyme works to produce the alternating structure. Another characteristic of alternansucrase that distinguishes it from dextransucrase is its greater ability to use leucrose as an acceptor. Leucrose, produced by glucosyl transfer to fructose released from the initial sucrose substrate, represents a very poor substrate for Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-512F dextransucrase. Alternansucrase, however, continues to transfer glucosyl units to leucrose, resulting in some unusual glucosyl-fructose oligosaccharides. C1 [Cote, Gregory L.; Sheng, Suzie; Dunlap, Christopher A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Cote, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM greg.cote@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1024-2422 J9 BIOCATAL BIOTRANSFOR JI Biocatal. Biotransform. PY 2008 VL 26 IS 1-2 BP 161 EP 168 DI 10.1080/10242420701789023 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 269OH UT WOS:000253658000021 ER PT J AU Badenes-Perez, FR Johnson, MT AF Badenes-Perez, F. R. Johnson, M. T. TI Biology, herbivory, and host specificity of Antiblemma leucocyma (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) on Miconia calvescens DC. (Melastomataceae) in Brazil SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; biotic interference; leaf area; host specificity; population dynamics; weed management ID IMPACTS; HYMENOPTERA; ECOLOGY AB Miconia calvescens DC. (Melastomataceae) is an invasive tree considered one of the greatest threats to natural ecosystems of Hawaii and other Pacific islands. The potential for using the defoliator Antiblemma leucocyma (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) as a biological control agent of M. calvescens was evaluated in the native habitat of the insect in Brazil. Impact assessment in the field showed that 37.2% of leaves presented damage by A. leucocyma, and among damaged leaves, 1.5-51.9% of the leaf area (16.3% on average) was affected. Damage was found in young to fully expanded leaves (28-915 cm(2) in area). Individual A. leucocyma developing as third through sixth instars in the laboratory consumed an average of 1348 cm(2) of M. calvescens leaf material in about 11 days. Populations of A. leucocyma in the field were heavily impacted (up to 83% parasitism) by a braconid parasitoid. Observations in the field and single- and two-host choice tests in the laboratory indicated that A. leucocyma has a narrow host range restricted to M. calvescens. Usefulness of this herbivore for biological control in Hawaii appears low, however, because of its probable susceptibility to generalist parasitoids. C1 [Badenes-Perez, F. R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Johnson, M. T.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Volcano, HI USA. RP Badenes-Perez, FR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM fbadenes-perez@ice.mpg.de RI Badenes-Perez, Francisco/K-9722-2014 OI Badenes-Perez, Francisco/0000-0002-8954-7920 NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1080/09583150701858168 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 292NS UT WOS:000255274000006 ER PT J AU Martin, PAW Mongeon, EA Gundersen-Rindal, DE AF Martin, Phyllis A. W. Mongeon, Elizabeth A. Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E. TI Microbial combinatorics: a simplified approach for isolating insecticidal bacteria SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; B. weihenstephanensis; Lysinibacillus fusiformis; insect pathogens; Manduca sexta ID COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; MOLECULAR-BIOLOGY; TOXICITY; TOXINS; PHOTORHABDUS; XENORHABDUS; POPULATION; INFECTIONS; MOTH AB Bacteria can control pest insects that damage food crops, vector diseases and defoliate trees. Conventionally, isolation of these bacteria has been from soil and sporadically from dead insects. A simplified approach for isolating insecticidal bacteria from soil using the target insect as the selective agent was employed in this study. Instead of isolating single strains of bacteria from soil and testing each individual strain for insect toxicity, mixtures of bacteria present in each soil sample were tested together directly for toxicity using Manduca sexta (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) as a model insect. Thirty-five soil suspensions or bacterial suspensions of the 40 suspensions tested killed at least one M. sexta larva. All but one bacterial culture isolated from dead larvae and retested for toxicity, killed at least one M. sexta larva. Nineteen bacterial strains isolated from larvae killed in the first test, were identical to the bacteria fed to the retested larvae. Of the 19 strains isolated, 14 were identified by 16S rDNA sequencing as belonging to the Bacillus cereus group including three strains that formed crystals that were identified as B. thuringiensis. Of the three other spore-forming strains, two were identified as psychrotrophic B. weihenstephanensis and the third as Lysinibacillus fusiformis. Two others were identified as Enterococcus faecalis. This approach, microbial combinatorics, reduces the number of insects necessary for toxicity screening and associated time and resources compared to conventional methods that first isolate bacteria and then individually test for toxicity as well as a means of discovery of new pathogens using the insect as the selective agent. C1 [Martin, Phyllis A. W.; Mongeon, Elizabeth A.; Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Martin, PAW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, BARC, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM phyllis.martin@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 3 BP 291 EP 305 DI 10.1080/09583150801899716 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 293WX UT WOS:000255367200006 ER PT J AU Liu, HP Bauer, LS AF Liu, Houping Bauer, Leah S. TI Microbial control of Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera : Buprestidae) with Beauveria bassiana strain GHA: field applications SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE emerald ash borer; Agrilus planipennis; Beauveria bassiana strain GHA; conidial persistence; field applications; microbial control ID EMERALD ASH BORER; BEETLE AB The effects of Beauveria bassiana strain GHA, applied as BotaniGard ES, on newly colonised and well-established populations of emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) were evaluated in the field using foliar and trunk sprays in Michigan in 2004-2005. Results from field trials at a newly colonised white ash site showed a 41% reduction in A. planipennis population in fungal-treated trees compared with that of untreated controls. In addition, fungal infection was also found in 20% of the larval population within 14 days of incubation under laboratory conditions. At a site with a well-established Agrilus planipennis population in green ash trees, larval density was reduced by 47% for trees treated with the fungus compared with that of the controls; 21% of larvae from the current generation were found infected after 14 days of laboratory incubation. Fungal-treated green ash trees also produced fewer adults emerging in the next generation, with a 63% reduction in adult density observed in treated trees compared to that of controls. As a result, fungal-treated trees sustained 42% less crown dieback than did controls. A. planipennis larval density was negatively correlated with trunk height above the ground, and positively correlated with log diameter. Results of laboratory leaf bioassays on A. planipennis adults showed that fungal conidia persisted well under field conditions, with mortality of 78-100% at 7 - days post - exposure for leaves collected between 2 and 264 h after application. Potential strategies for using B. bassiana strain GHA for managing A. planipennis are discussed. C1 [Liu, Houping; Bauer, Leah S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bauer, Leah S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Liu, HP (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM liuho@msu.edu NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 6 BP 565 EP 579 DI 10.1080/09583150802085331 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 321WO UT WOS:000257337400003 ER PT J AU Lacey, LA Thomson, D Vincent, C Arthurs, SP AF Lacey, Lawrence A. Thomson, Donald Vincent, Charles Arthurs, Steven P. TI Codling moth granulovirus: a comprehensive review SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE codling moth; Cydia pomonella; granulovirus; resistance; pathology; commercial development; integrated pest management ID CYDIA-POMONELLA GRANULOVIRUS; INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; NORTHWEST APPLE ORCHARDS; GRANULOSIS-VIRUS; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; LASPEYRESIA-POMONELLA; TRANSPOSON TCP3.2; FIELD-EVALUATION; L. LEPIDOPTERA; PEAR ORCHARDS AB Codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L), is regarded as the most serious insect pest of apple worldwide. A variety of problems associated with the traditional use of non-selective insecticides for its control include: untoward environmental effects, insecticide resistance, negative impacts on natural enemies, and safety for pesticide applicators and the food supply. Concerns about these consequences have increased the interest in and development of alternative means for CM control that have little or no impact on humans, beneficial organisms and sensitive ecosystems. An effective and selective alternative to chemical insecticides for CM control is the CM granulovirus (CpGV). The virus was first isolated in Mexico and subsequently studied and evaluated in Europe and North America. A variety of research including pathology, pathogenesis and histopathology of the virus, determination of virulence, development of production methods, field use, factors that influence efficacy, commercial development, formulation, and CM resistance to the virus has been conducted. Commercial products of CpGV are now produced in Europe and North America and used by orchardists worldwide. In this paper we present a comprehensive review of the CpGV literature and the role of the virus in integrated pest management. C1 [Lacey, Lawrence A.] USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. [Thomson, Donald] DJS Consulting Serv, Seattle, WA USA. [Vincent, Charles] Ctr Rech & Dev Hort Agr & Agroalimentaire Canada, St Jean, PQ, Canada. [Arthurs, Steven P.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, IFAS, Mid Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Apopka, FL USA. RP Lacey, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA USA. EM lerry.lacey@ars.usda.gov NR 179 TC 24 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 35 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 EI 1360-0478 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 7 BP 639 EP 663 DI 10.1080/09583150802267046 PG 25 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 354EH UT WOS:000259621200001 ER PT J AU Chauhan, KR Weber, DC AF Chauhan, Kamlesh R. Weber, Donald C. TI Lady beetle (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae) tracks deter oviposition by the goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE green lacewing; ladybird; aphidophagous; predator; biological control; intraguild AB Field-collected female goldeneyed lacewing (Chrysopa oculata) strongly avoided ovipositing on substrates exposed over 24 h to three of four lady beetle species tested, resulting in circa 3-fold higher egg deposition on control versus coccinellid-exposed substrates. The effect was stage-specific for Coleomegilla maculata; it was observed for adult and third-instar larvae but not for unfed first-instar larvae. C1 [Chauhan, Kamlesh R.; Weber, Donald C.] USDA ARS, BARC W, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Weber, DC (reprint author), USDA ARS, BARC W, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM don.weber@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 7 BP 727 EP 731 DI 10.1080/09583150802133289 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 354EH UT WOS:000259621200008 ER PT J AU Floate, KD Coghlin, PC Taylor, DB AF Floate, K. D. Coghlin, P. C. Taylor, D. B. TI An update on the diversity of Wolbachia in Spalangia spp. (Hymenoptera : Pteromalidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; symbionts; survey; recombination ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; SURFACE PROTEIN; WSP GENE; RECOMBINATION; PHYLOGENY AB Results from 13 additional host populations improves resolution on the diversity of Wolbachia bacteria in Spalangia spp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). These bacteria are of interest because they can profoundly affect their host's reproduction. Manipulating Wolbachia infections may provide a method to improve the efficacy of biocontrol agents including Spalangia spp. C1 [Floate, K. D.; Coghlin, P. C.] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. [Taylor, D. B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Floate, KD (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Lethbridge Res Ctr, Lethbridge, AB, Canada. EM floatek@agr.gc.ca RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014; OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867; Floate, Kevin/0000-0002-7485-5170 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 7 BP 733 EP 739 DI 10.1080/09583150802155274 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 354EH UT WOS:000259621200009 ER PT J AU Wright, SAW Center, TD AF Wright, S. A. Wineriter Center, T. D. TI Nonselective oviposition by a fastidious insect: the laboratory host range of the melaleuca gall midge Lophodiplosis trifida (Diptera : Cecidomyiidae) SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cecidomyiidae; Everglades; host range; Lophodiplosis trifida; Melaleuca quinquenervia; weed biocontrol ID MYRTACEAE; FLORIDA AB Invasion by the Australian paperbark, Melaleuca quinquenervia, has degraded large areas of south Florida wetlands. Restoration of these wetlands requires the removal of expansive monocultures of this large tree while simultaneously curtailing its spread. Management strategies developed by federal and state agencies include biological control to halt the spread of this species and to prevent reinfestation of cleared areas. This requires biological agents able to reduce flowering, seed production, and growth while increasing mortality of seedlings and saplings. Two of the three introduced agents (Oxyops vitiosa Pascoe and Boreioglycaspis melaleucae Moore) partially meet these needs but outcomes are not spatially or temporally consistent. Thus, additional agents are needed. The bud-gall fly Fergusonina turneri Taylor, with its mutualistic nematode Fergusobia quinquenerviae Davies and Giblin-Davis, is actively being released but has not established. A fourth promising agent, the gall midge Lophodiplosis trifida Gagne, manifested an extremely narrow host range during laboratory testing. Oviposition was indiscriminant in caged environments. Small, incipient, unilocular galls were initiated on Melaleuca viminalis, but larval development ensued only on M. quinquenervia. The unilocular galls on M. viminalis did not grow and produced no adult flies. As a result, M. viminalis test plants suffered only minor cosmetic damage. Observations from both Australia and Florida attest to the ability of this midge to impede M. quinquenervia growth and kill small plants. Thus, L. trifida is safe to release and will likely contribute to management objectives for control of this pernicious wetland invader. C1 [Wright, S. A. Wineriter] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Gainesville, FL USA. [Center, T. D.] ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. RP Wright, SAW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Invas Plant Res Lab, Gainesville, FL USA. EM susan.wright@ars.usda.gov FU South Florida Water Management District; USDA ARS FX We thank J.A.Lollis for his painstaking assistance in the testing process, growing a steady supply of M. quinquenervia plants, and maintaining test plants; J. K. Balciunas, M. F. Purcell, D. W. Burrows, J. R. Makinson, and B. T. Brown at the USDA ARS ABCL/CSIRO Entomology, Brisbane, Australia, for their discovery of L. trifida, and providing preliminary testing and information on the biology of L. trifida; R. J. Gagne , USDA ARS, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington, DC, for describing L. trifida, confirming identification of imported L. trifida, and answering various questions about L. trifida biology; L. A. Craven, Australian National Herbarium, Canberra, for confirming identification of Melaleuca spp. and answering botanical questions; S. E. White and H. Furlong, USDA ARS Center for Medical and Veterinary Entomology (CMAVE), Gainesville, FL, for routinely screening L. trifida for pathogens; R. E. Weaver, FDACS DPI, Gainesville, FL, for confirming identification of local plants; G. J. Steck and J. D. Stanley, FDACS DPI, for photographing L. trifida larvae. This research was supported in part by the South Florida Water Management District and by the USDA ARS. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 8 BP 793 EP 807 DI 10.1080/09583150802344902 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 354EQ UT WOS:000259622100004 ER PT J AU Arthurs, SP Lacey, LA Behle, RW AF Arthurs, S. P. Lacey, L. A. Behle, R. W. TI Evaluation of lignins and particle films as solar protectants for the granulovirus of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CpGV; baculovirus; formulation; lignin; solar stability ID GRANULOSIS-VIRUS; COMMERCIAL FORMULATIONS; FIELD-EVALUATION; PERSISTENCE; APPLE; LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; STABILITY; ADJUVANTS; ORCHARDS AB The identification of effective solar protectants for field application of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), granulovirus (CpGV) is of interest to improve its efficacy and commercial viability as a biological pesticide. We evaluated several materials as potential adjuvants to protect CpGV from ultraviolet degradation. In laboratory tests with a solar simulator (9.36 x 10(6) J/m(2)), the addition of kaolin clay (Surround (R) WP at 3 and 6%, w/v), a paraffin wax-based emulsion (SPLAT (TM) at 5%, v/v), and a bark extract trans-cinnamaldehyde combined with a film agent (both at 1%, v/v) did not significantly reduce larval entries or increase larval mortality in irradiated apples that were treated with a commercial CpGV product (Cyd-X). In semi-field tests in an apple orchard, a spray-dried lignin formulation containing CpGV (6.57 x 10(12) OBs/ha) and a lignin-based adjuvant used with Cyd-X (both applied at 4.7-5.6 kg lignin/ha) significantly improved residual activity of CpGV compared with Cyd-X alone applied at the same rate. However, the benefits were short lived and could not be detected after 7 days. In orchard tests, we evaluated two additional refined lignin-products (Lignosulfonate and Vanisperse (TM) CB at 5.61 kg/ha) and two particle film materials (kaolin clay, 'Cocoon (TM)', and calcium with boron 'Eclipse (TM)') as adjuvants for UV protection of Cyd-X (6.57 x 10(12) OBs/ha) in tests against a dense codling moth infestation. Although all virus treatments were highly effective (causing >= 90% larval mortality), no significant effects of the adjuvant treatments could be detected. In these latter tests, the use of a silicone based wetting agent at 0.025% (v/v) may have been beneficial at increasing mortality among older larvae inside the fruit. C1 [Lacey, L. A.] ARS, Yakim Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA USA. [Behle, R. W.] ARS, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, USDA, NCAUR, Peoria, IL USA. RP Lacey, LA (reprint author), ARS, Yakim Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA USA. EM lerry.lacey@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 8 BP 829 EP 839 DI 10.1080/09583150802376227 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 354EQ UT WOS:000259622100006 ER PT J AU Mkize, N Hoelmer, KA Villet, MH AF Mkize, Nolwazi Hoelmer, Kim A. Villet, Martin H. TI A survey of fruit-feeding insects and their parasitoids occurring on wild olives, Olea europaea ssp cuspidata, in the Eastern Cape of South Africa SO BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE olives; Bactrocera oleae; Bactrocera biguttula; fruit fly; parasitoid; Braconidae; Psyttalia; Bracon; Utetes; biological control ID TEPHRITIDAE; FLY; DIPTERA; FLIES AB Fruits of wild olives, Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata ( Wall. ex G. Don) Cif., were collected in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, during 2003-2005 to quantify levels of fruit-infesting pests and their parasitoids. Two species of Tephritidae, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) and B. biguttula (Bezzi), were the most abundant insects recovered and were reared from most samples. Fruit infestation rates by the Bactrocera spp. were generally below 8% and over half of the infestations were under 1%. When parasitism occurred in samples with flies, levels ranged from 7 to 83%. Several species of opiine braconid wasps, Psyttalia concolor (Szepligeti), Psyttalia lounsburyi (Silvestri), and Utetes africanus (Szepligeti) and one braconine wasp, Bracon celer Szepligeti, were reared from fruits containing B. oleae and/ or B. biguttula. Chalcidoid parasitoids and seed wasps included seven species of Eurytomidae (Eurytoma oleae, Eurytoma sp., and Sycophila sp.), Ormyridae (Ormyrus sp.), Torymidae (Megastigmus sp.), and Eupelmidae (Eupelmus afer and E. spermophilus). One species of moth, Palpita unionalis (Hubner) (Crambidae), was recovered in very low numbers and without parasitoids. The survey results indicate that fruit flies might not become economic pests of the nascent commercial olive industry in the Eastern Cape, and the small numbers present may be controlled to a considerable level by natural enemies. C1 [Hoelmer, Kim A.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Unit, Newark, NJ USA. [Mkize, Nolwazi; Villet, Martin H.] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Hoelmer, KA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Introduct Res Unit, Newark, NJ USA. EM kim.hoelmer@ars.usda.gov RI Villet, Martin/B-5811-2011; OI Villet, Martin/0000-0002-4335-5667 FU US Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service; South Africa's National Research Foundation; Andrew Mellon Foundation; Rhodes University Joint Research Council FX We thank the many Eastern Cape olive growers that were involved for allowing access to their farms; A. Stylianou (Chairman, Ncera Agricultural Development Corporation) for weather data; Alan Kirk, Charles Willemse, and Jabulani S. Mthombeni for helping with fruit collection and sample processing; Ian M. White (Department of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, London) for identifying fruit flies; Charles H. Pickett ( California Department of Food and Agriculture-Biological Control Program) and Robert A. Wharton ( Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University) for identifying parasitoids; Martin Kruger ( Transvaal Museum, Pretoria) for identifying moths; Tony Dold (Selmar Schonland Herbarium, Rhodes University, Grahamstown) for identifying plants; Bronwyn McLean ( Graphics Service Unit, Rhodes University) for graphics; and the US Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, South Africa's National Research Foundation, the Andrew Mellon Foundation and the Rhodes University Joint Research Council for financial support. Any opinion, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Research Foundation. NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0958-3157 J9 BIOCONTROL SCI TECHN JI Biocontrol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 18 IS 10 BP 991 EP 1004 DI 10.1080/09583150802450154 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 385GH UT WOS:000261802200002 ER PT J AU Nichols, NN Monceaux, DA Dien, BS Bothast, RJ AF Nichols, Nancy N. Monceaux, Dale A. Dien, Bruce S. Bothast, Rodney J. BE Wall, JD Harwood, CS Demain, A TI Production of Ethanol from Corn and Sugarcane SO BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FUEL ALCOHOL PRODUCTION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; LACTIC-ACID; BACTERIAL CONTAMINANTS; ALPHA-AMYLASE; RAW STARCH; FERMENTATION; YEAST; TOLERANCE; PERFORMANCE C1 [Nichols, Nancy N.; Dien, Bruce S.] USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Monceaux, Dale A.] AdvanceBio LLC, Cincinnati, OH 45241 USA. [Bothast, Rodney J.] So Illinois Univ, Natl Corn To Ethanol Res Ctr, Edwardsville, IL 62025 USA. RP Nichols, NN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Fermentat Biotechnol Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 64 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-478-6 PY 2008 BP 3 EP 15 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology GA BPH82 UT WOS:000278888100002 ER PT J AU Liu, ZL Saha, BC Slininger, PJ AF Liu, Z. Lewis Saha, Badal C. Slininger, Patricia J. BE Wall, JD Harwood, CS Demain, A TI Lignocellulosic Biomass Conversion to Ethanol by Saccharomyces SO BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ANAEROBIC XYLOSE FERMENTATION; YEAST PICHIA-STIPITIS; ENZYMATIC-HYDROLYSIS; WHEAT-STRAW; FUEL ETHANOL; CORN FIBER; CEREVISIAE STRAINS; ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION; XYLITOL DEHYDROGENASE; CELLULOSE HYDROLYSIS C1 [Liu, Z. Lewis; Saha, Badal C.; Slininger, Patricia J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, ZL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 172 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-478-6 PY 2008 BP 17 EP 36 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology GA BPH82 UT WOS:000278888100003 ER PT J AU Jeffries, TW AF Jeffries, Thomas W. BE Wall, JD Harwood, CS Demain, A TI Engineering the Pichia stipitis Genome for Fermentation of Hemicellulose Hydrolysates SO BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID XYLOSE-FERMENTING YEASTS; ETHANOL-PRODUCTION; CANDIDA-SHEHATAE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; CUG CODON; GENE; XYLANASE; STRAINS C1 [Jeffries, Thomas W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Jeffries, Thomas W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Jeffries, TW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 NR 65 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-478-6 PY 2008 BP 37 EP 47 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology GA BPH82 UT WOS:000278888100004 ER PT J AU Sullivan, L Scotcher, MC Bennett, GN AF Sullivan, Leighann Scotcher, Miles C. Bennett, George N. BE Wall, JD Harwood, CS Demain, A TI Increased Biofuel Production by Metabolic Engineering of Clostridium acetobutylicum SO BIOENERGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COENZYME-A-TRANSFERASE; ALDEHYDE/ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE GENE; PNEUMONIAE-DHA REGULON; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ATCC 824; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS; SOLVENT PRODUCTION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ANTISENSE RNA; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION C1 [Sullivan, Leighann; Bennett, George N.] Rice Univ, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77251 USA. [Scotcher, Miles C.] USDA ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Sullivan, L (reprint author), Rice Univ, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77251 USA. NR 110 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-478-6 PY 2008 BP 361 EP 376 PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels; Microbiology GA BPH82 UT WOS:000278888100029 ER PT S AU Cahoon, EB Schmid, KM AF Cahoon, Edgar B. Schmid, Katherine M. BE Bohnert, HJ Nguyen, H Lewis, NG TI Metabolic Engineering of the Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Vegetable Oils SO BIOENGINEERING AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANT PATHWAYS SE Advances in Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Vegetable oil; Oilseed; Fatty acid; Triacylglycerol; Lipids; Fatty acid unsaturation; Polyunsaturated fatty acid; Saturated fatty acid; Fatty acid desaturase; Thioesterase; FAD2; Genetic engineering; Metabolic engineering ID ACYL-CARRIER-PROTEIN; ACETYL-COA CARBOXYLASE; GAMMA-LINOLENIC ACID; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE GENE; BRASSICA-NAPUS EMBRYOS; SEED-OIL; TRANSGENIC PLANTS; GLYCEROL-3-PHOSPHATE ACYLTRANSFERASE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA AB This chapter discusses engineering of plants for yield and composition of edible and industrial triacylglycerols (TAGs). Total oil production has been increased moderately by overexpression of genes for the first and last steps of oil synthesis, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase), and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT), respectively. However, the single enzyme approach has proved less than satisfactory, and further progress may depend on identification of regulatory genes affecting overall expression of the lipid synthesis pathways and partitioning of carbon between oil and other plant products. The fatty acid composition of oilseeds has been more amenable to modification. Development of edible oils rich in monounsaturated fatty acids (18:1) has been achieved in several oilseeds normally dominated by polyunsaturated fatty acids such as 18:2. Approaches have included both chemical mutagenesis and transgenic alteration of the FAD2 genes responsible for desaturation of 18:1 to 18:2. Proportions of 16:0 have been reduced substantially by reduction of FatB, the gene for the thioesterase that releases 16:0 from the acyl carrier protein (ACP) on which it is assembled. The last major goal in edible oil modification, production of a temperate crop sufficiently rich in saturated fatty acids for use without hydrogenation and its associated trans-fatty acid production, remains elusive. Mechanisms for minimizing transfer of the upregulated saturated fatty acids to plant membranes are currently lacking. Excess saturated fatty acids in plant membranes are particularly damaging in colder temperature ranges. Finally, a wide range of genes have been identified that encode enzymes for synthesis of unusual fatty acids with potential as food additives or industrial feedstocks. Genes for production of gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) and polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids have been introduced into plants, as have genes permitting production of 10:0 and 12:0 for the detergents industry, long-chain fatty acids for plastics and nylons, novel monounsaturated and conjugated fatty acids, and fatty acids with useful epoxy-, hydroxy-, and cyclic moieties. With the notable exception of the shorter-chain fatty acids, these efforts have been hampered by inadequate yields of the novel products. Given that plants from which many of the applicable genes were isolated do produce oils with high proportions of unusual fatty acids, increased yields in transgenic crops should be achievable. It is probable that introduction of the novel fatty acids must be coupled with appropriate modifications of the enzymes responsible for their flux into vegetable oils. C1 [Cahoon, Edgar B.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. [Schmid, Katherine M.] Butler Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46208 USA. RP Cahoon, EB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, 975 N Warson Rd, St Louis, MO 63132 USA. NR 163 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI KIDLINGTON PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE,, KIDLINGTON OX5 1GB, OXFORD, ENGLAND SN 1755-0408 BN 978-0-08-055696-3 J9 ADV PL BIOCH MOL BIO PY 2008 VL 1 BP 161 EP 200 DI 10.1016/S1755-0408(07)01007-7 PG 40 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA BCK38 UT WOS:000310447700010 ER PT J AU Belisle, SE Leka, LS Dallal, GE Jacques, PF Delgado-Lista, J Ordovas, JM Meydani, SN AF Belisle, Sarah E. Leka, Lynette S. Dallal, Gerard E. Jacques, Paul F. Delgado-Lista, Javier Ordovas, Jose M. Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Cytokine response to vitamin E supplementation is dependent on pre-supplementation cytokine levels SO BIOFACTORS LA English DT Article DE Vitamin E; elderly; cytokine production ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; HEALTHY OLDER-ADULTS; IFN-GAMMA GENE; IN-VITRO; TOCOPHEROL SUPPLEMENTATION; T-CELLS; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; IMMUNE FUNCTION; MURINE AIDS AB Vitamin E supplementation has been suggested to improve immune response in the aged in part by altering cytokine production. However, there is not a consensus regarding the effect of supplemental vitamin E on cytokine production in humans. There is evidence that baseline immune health can affect immune response to supplemental vitamin E in the elderly. Thus, the effect of vitamin E on cytokines may depend on their pre-supplementation cytokine response. Using data from a vitamin E intervention in elderly nursing home residents, we examined if the effect of vitamin E on ex vivo cytokine production of IL-1 beta, IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma depended on baseline cytokine production. We observed that the effect of vitamin E supplementation on cytokine production depended on pre-supplementation production of the respective cytokines. The interactions between vitamin E and baseline cytokine production were not explained by covariates known to impact cytokine production. Our results offer evidence that baseline cytokine production should be considered in studies that examine the effect of supplemental vitamin E on immune and inflammatory responses. Our results could have implications in designing clinical trials to determine the impact of vitamin E on conditions in which cytokines are implicated such as infections and atherosclerotic disease. C1 [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Delgado-Lista, Javier] Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Cordoba, Spain. [Delgado-Lista, Javier] CIBER Fisiopatol Obesidad & Nutr CIBEROBN, Cordoba, Spain. [Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Dept Pathol, Sackler Grad Sch Biochem Sci, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Meydani, SN (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Nutr Immunol Lab, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM simin.meydani@tufts.edu OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG004390, 5R01 AG013975, R01 AG013975, R01 AG013975-05]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK040561, P30 DK040561-12] NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 29 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0951-6433 J9 BIOFACTORS JI Biofactors PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 191 EP 200 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 448DW UT WOS:000266244300005 PM 19478423 ER PT J AU Wilhelm, WW AF Wilhelm, W. W. TI My biomass, your biomass, our solution SO BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR LA English DT Editorial Material ID CROP; AGRICULTURE C1 Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wilhelm, WW (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, 117 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM Wally.Wilhelm@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1932-104X J9 BIOFUEL BIOPROD BIOR JI Biofuels Bioprod. Biorefining PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 8 EP 11 DI 10.1002/bbb.53 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 387KD UT WOS:000261950200013 ER PT J AU Krankina, ON Pflugmacher, D Friedl, M Cohen, WB Nelson, P Baccini, A AF Krankina, O. N. Pflugmacher, D. Friedl, M. Cohen, W. B. Nelson, P. Baccini, A. TI Meeting the challenge of mapping peatlands with remotely sensed data SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS; LAND-COVER; SATELLITE IMAGERY; CARBON; WETLANDS; MODIS; TREE; ACCURACY; PRODUCTS; CANADA AB Boreal peatlands play a major role in carbon and water cycling and other global environmental processes but understanding this role is constrained by inconsistent representation of peatlands on, or omission from, many global land cover maps. The comparison of several widely used global and continental-scale databases on peatland distribution with a detailed map for the St. Petersburg region of Russia showed significant under-reporting of peatland area, or even total omission. Analysis of the spatial agreement and disagreement with the detailed regional map indicated that the error of comission (overestimation) was significantly lower than the error of omission (underestimation) which means, that overall, peatlands were correctly classified as such in coarse resolution datasets but a large proportion (74-99%) was overlooked. The coarse map resolution alone caused significant omission of peatlands in the study region. In comparison to categorical maps, continuous field mapping approach utilizing MODIS sensor data showed potential for a greatly improved representation of peatlands on coarse resolution maps. Analysis of spectral signatures of peatlands with different types of surface vegetation suggested that improved mapping of boreal peatlands on categorical maps is feasible. The lower reflectance of treeless peatlands in the near- and shortwave-infrared parts of the electromagnetic spectrum is consistent with the spectral signature of sphagnum mosses. However, when trees are present, the canopy architecture appears to be more important in defining the overall spectral reflectance of peatlands. A research focus on developing remote sensing methods for boreal peatlands is needed for adequate characterization of their global distribution. C1 [Krankina, O. N.; Pflugmacher, D.; Nelson, P.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Friedl, M.; Baccini, A.] Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Cohen, W. B.] US Forest Serv, Forestry Sci Lab, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Krankina, ON (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM olga.krankina@oregonstate.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG06GF54G] FX This research was conducted with support from the Land Cover/Land-Use Change Program of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (grant number NNG06GF54G). The paper is prepared as a contribution to Biogeosciences Discussions - Special Issue "Peatlands and the carbon cycle - from local processes to global implications". We greatly appreciate the support and encouragement of Gabriela Schaepman, Juul Limpens, and other organizers and participants of the Symposium on Carbon in Peatlands (Wageningen, 15 - 18 April 2007). The authors thank OSU students Mikhail Yatskov and Joy Morton for their technical assistance in preparation of this manuscript. We also thank referees for assisting in evaluating this paper. NR 55 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 21 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2008 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1809 EP 1820 PG 12 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA 393XZ UT WOS:000262411100027 ER PT J AU Douds, DD Nagahashi, G Shenk, JE Demchak, K AF Douds, David D., Jr. Nagahashi, Gerald Shenk, John E. Demchak, Kathleen TI Inoculation of Strawberries with AM Fungi Produced On-Farm Increased Yield SO BIOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE & HORTICULTURE LA English DT Article ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; PLANT-GROWTH; SOIL; PHOSPHORUS; INFECTION; INOCULUM; PHOSPHATE; SEEDLINGS; CLOVER AB Inoculation of plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal [AM] fungi has the potential to increase or maintain yields and allow for reduced fertilizer and pesticide application, thereby enhancing agricultural sustainability. Strawberry plants (Fragaria x ananassa Duch. cv. Chandler) were inoculated prior to oulplanting with a mixed species inoculum of AM fungi. The inoculum was produced on-the-farm in 2003 in a mixture of compost and vermiculite with bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) as host plants. Plants were outplanted into raised black plastic beds on 30 June 2004 and harvested 6-25 June 2005. Inoculation with AM fungi increased yield 17% over uninoculated controls, 5.5 vs. 4.7 kg per ten plant sampling unit, respectively. Inoculation had no significant effect on whole season mean fruit weight, indicating an average increase of 3.6 fruit per plant for inoculated plants over uninoculated plants. Utilization of AM fungus inoculum produced on-farm as an amendment to horticultural potting media for the production of seedlings later outplanted has the potential for significant increases in crop yields. C1 [Douds, David D., Jr.; Nagahashi, Gerald] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Shenk, John E.] Shenks Berry Farm, Lititz, PA 17543 USA. [Demchak, Kathleen] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Douds, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM david.douds@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-CSREES Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program [LNE03-179] FX This work was supported in part by a grant from the USDA-CSREES Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education program (LNE03-179) and funds administered by the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. We would like to thank S. Campbell, J. Lee, and J. Shenk for technical assistance. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0144-8765 EI 2165-0616 J9 BIOL AGRIC HORTIC JI Biol. Agric. Hortic. PY 2008 VL 26 IS 3 BP 209 EP 219 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 425IY UT WOS:000264631400001 ER PT J AU Ward, DM Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Ward, Darren M. Nislow, Keith H. Folt, Carol L. TI Do native species limit survival of reintroduced Atlantic salmon in historic rearing streams? SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE context dependent; Cottus cognatus; generalist predator; population restoration; reintroduction success; salmo salar ID COTTUS-GOBIO L.; BROWN TROUT; HABITAT REQUIREMENTS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CONNECTICUT RIVER; BIOTIC RESISTANCE; SLIMY SCULPIN; SALAR L.; TRUTTA-L; PREDATION AB Reintroduction of extirpated populations creates a unique context that can exacerbate the effects of interactions among species. Thus, reintroduced populations may be particularly vulnerable to predators and competitors, including native species with which they historically coexisted. in this study, we evaluated the effect of native fishes on Survival of reintroduced Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Connecticut River basin, where the native salmon population is extinct. juvenile salmon are stocked annually in many Connecticut River tributaries. We sampled salmon reintroduction sites across tributaries with different fish communities to determine whether native fish reduce the success of salmon reintroductions (N=19 site-years). Increased density of slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), a native generalist predator, was associated with reduced recruitment of reintroduced salmon. Salmon first-summer survival declined with increased sculpin density across sites, and low first-summer survival led to reduced densities of overyearling salmon the subsequent year. Hierarchical partitioning analysis showed that the negative relationship between sculpin and salmon was independent of potentially confounding variation in other fish community or habitat characteristics. Negative effects of native, historically-sympatric species, particularly generalist predators, can impede restoration of extirpated populations. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ward, Darren M.; Folt, Carol L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ward, Darren M.; Folt, Carol L.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA USFS, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Ward, DM (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM darren.ward@dartmouth.edu RI Ward, Darren/F-1203-2010; Ward, Darren/A-5107-2010 OI Ward, Darren/0000-0002-0049-5299; NR 72 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 141 IS 1 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.09.006 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 249DJ UT WOS:000252206900016 ER PT J AU Wang, XY Yang, ZQ Wu, H Gould, JR AF Wang, Xiao-Yi Yang, Zhong-Qi Wu, Hui Gould, Juli R. TI Effects of host size on the sex ratio, clutch size, and size of adult Spathius agrili, an ectoparasitoid of emerald ash borer SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Spathius agrili; Agrilus planipennis; sex ratio; oviposition; biological control; host-parasitoid relation ID PARASITOID WASP; SYNGASTER-LEPIDUS; PHORACANTHA SPP.; HYMENOPTERA; BRACONIDAE; FITNESS; BEHAVIOR; QUALITY; LEPIDOPTERA; EVOLUTION AB The idiobiont ectoparasitoid, Spathius agrili Yang (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), parasitizes the concealed larvae of the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), which feed on the inner bark of ash trees (Fraxinus spp.). The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of host larval size on parasitoid clutch size, offspring sex allocation, and adult body length. Results showed that the number of parasitoid eggs per host was positively correlated with host size as measured by larval weight, pronotum width, body length, and body width. The percentage of emerging parasitoids that were female was greater when eggs were laid on large larvae. More parasitoid progeny successfully developed on large host larvae, and parasitoid progeny survival was slightly higher than on small host larvae. Survival of parasitoid progeny was positively related to the width of the host gallery. There were significant differences among the body lengths of adult parasitoid offspring that developed on different sizes of host larvae, especially for female wasps. Furthermore, females were typically longer than males developing on the same host. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Xiao-Yi; Yang, Zhong-Qi] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, State Forestry Adm, Key Lab Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Wu, Hui] NW A&F Univ, Coll Forestry, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Gould, Juli R.] USDA, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Otis ANGB, MA 02542 USA. RP Yang, ZQ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Ecol Environm & Protect, State Forestry Adm, Key Lab Forest Protect, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. EM yzhqi@caf.ac.cn NR 34 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 13 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD JAN PY 2008 VL 44 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2007.10.011 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 254FU UT WOS:000252572600002 ER PT J AU Hendriksen, C Arciniega, JL Bruckner, L Chevalier, M Coppens, E Descamps, J Duchene, M Dusek, DM Halder, M Kreeftenberg, H Maes, A Redhead, K Ravetkar, SD Spieser, JM Swam, H AF Hendriksen, Coenraad Arciniega, Juan L. Bruckner, Lukas Chevalier, Michel Coppens, Emmanuelle Descamps, Johan Duchene, Michel Dusek, David Michael Halder, Marlies Kreeftenberg, Hans Maes, Alexandrine Redhead, Keith Ravetkar, Satish D. Spieser, Jean-Marc Swam, Hanny TI The consistency approach for the quality control of vaccines SO BIOLOGICALS LA English DT Article DE Vaccines; quality control; consistency; release testing; in vitro AB Current lot release testing of conventional vaccines emphasizes quality control of the final product and is characterized by its extensive use of laboratory animals. This report, which is based on the outcome of an ECVAM (European Centre for Validation of Alternative Methods, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy) workshop, discusses the concept of consistency testing as an alternative approach for lot release testing. The consistency approach for the routine release of vaccines is based upon the principle that the quality of vaccines is a consequence of a quality system and of consistent production of lots with similar characteristics to those lots that have been shown to be safe and effective in humans or the target species. The report indicates why and under which circumstances this approach can be applied, the role of the different stakeholders, and the need for international harmonization. It also gives recommendations for its implementation. (C) 2007 The International Association for Biologicals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hendriksen, Coenraad; Kreeftenberg, Hans] Netherlands Vaccine Inst, NL-3720 AL Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Hendriksen, Coenraad] Univ Utrecht, Netherlands Ctr Alternat Anim Use, NL-3508 TB Utrecht, Netherlands. [Arciniega, Juan L.] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Bruckner, Lukas] Inst Virol & Immunoprophylaxis, CH-3147 Mittelhausern, Switzerland. [Chevalier, Michel; Coppens, Emmanuelle] Sanofi Pasteur, F-69280 Marcy Letoile, France. [Descamps, Johan; Duchene, Michel] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium. [Dusek, David Michael] USDA, Ctr Vet Biol, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Halder, Marlies] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, European Ctr Validat Alternat Methods, Inst Hlth & Consumer Protect, I-21020 Ispra, Italy. [Maes, Alexandrine] Sci Inst Publ Hlth, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Redhead, Keith] Intervet UK Ltd, Milton Keynes MK7 7AJ, Bucks, England. [Ravetkar, Satish D.] Serum Inst India Ltd, Pune 411028, Maharashtra, India. [Spieser, Jean-Marc] Council Europe, European Dept Quality Med, F-67081 Strasbourg, France. [Swam, Hanny] Intervet Int BV, NL-5830 AA Boxmeer, Netherlands. RP Halder, M (reprint author), Netherlands Vaccine Inst, A Van Leeuwenhoeklaan 11, NL-3720 AL Bilthoven, Netherlands. EM marlies.halder@jrc.it NR 13 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1045-1056 J9 BIOLOGICALS JI Biologicals PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 73 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.biologicals.2007.05.002 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 260CH UT WOS:000252987900010 PM 17892948 ER PT J AU Lankford, S Weber, G AF Lankford, Scott Weber, Greg TI In vitro treatment with 17,20-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one regulates mRNA levels of transforming growth factor beta superfamily members in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ovarian tissue SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 Cent Missouri State Univ, Warrensburg, MO 64093 USA. USDA, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 85 BP 72 EP 73 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300084 ER PT J AU Echternkamp, S Cushman, R Spicer, L AF Echternkamp, Sherrill Cushman, Robert Spicer, Leon TI Comparisons of mRNA expression for aromatase, FSH receptor, and IGF-I in the granulosa of small ovarian follicles between cattle selected and unselected for twin ovulations SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 123 BP 81 EP 81 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300116 ER PT J AU Aad, P Spicer, L Echternkamp, S AF Aad, Pauline Spicer, Leon Echternkamp, Sherrill TI The hedgehog system in ovarian follicles of cattle selected for twin ovulations and births: Evidence of a link between the IGF and hedgehog systems SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 242 BP 109 EP 110 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300224 ER PT J AU Miles, J Vallet, J Freking, B AF Miles, Jeremy Vallet, Jeffrey Freking, Bradley TI Molecular cloning and characterization of heparanase mRNA in porcine placenta throughout gestation SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 [Miles, Jeremy; Vallet, Jeffrey; Freking, Bradley] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 305 BP 125 EP 126 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300285 ER PT J AU Fields, S Perry, B Perry, G Cushman, R AF Fields, Sarah Perry, Brandi Perry, George Cushman, Robert TI Association between period 1 mRNA levels in leukocytes and initiation of estrous cycles in peripubertal beef heifers SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kailua Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 654 BP 209 EP 209 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300610 ER PT J AU Vallet, J Miles, J Freking, B AF Vallet, Jeffrey Miles, Jeremy Freking, Brad TI Placental hyaluronidase expression during gestation in swine SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 [Vallet, Jeffrey; Miles, Jeremy; Freking, Brad] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 694 BP 217 EP 218 PG 2 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300641 ER PT J AU Cushman, R Miles, J Allan, M Kuehn, L Echternkamp, SI Freetly, H AF Cushman, Robert Miles, Jeremy Allan, Mark Kuehn, Larry Echternkamp, Sherrill Freetly, Harvey TI Relationship of antral follicle counts to fertility and ovarian AMH mRNA levels in beef cows SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 41st Annual Meeting of the Society-for-the-Study-of-Reproduction CY MAY 27-30, 2008 CL Kona, HI SP Soc Study Reprod C1 [Cushman, Robert; Miles, Jeremy; Allan, Mark; Kuehn, Larry; Echternkamp, Sherrill; Freetly, Harvey] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PY 2008 SI SI MA 722 BP 224 EP 224 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA 347DH UT WOS:000259120300665 ER PT J AU Upton, B Miner, R Spinney, M Heath, LS AF Upton, Brad Miner, Reid Spinney, Mike Heath, Linda S. TI The greenhouse gas and energy impacts of using wood instead of alternatives in residential construction in the United States SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE carbon; greenhouse gases; GHG; building materials; residential construction; wood products; lifecycle; CORRIM; LCA; concrete; steel; forestry ID LIFE-CYCLE; CARBON SEQUESTRATION; BUILDING-MATERIALS; CONCRETE; BALANCES; PRODUCTS AB Data developed by the Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials were used to estimate savings of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption associated with use of wood-based building materials in residential construction in the United States. Results indicate that houses with wood-based wall systems require 15-16% less total energy for non-heating/cooling purposes than thermally comparable houses employing alternative steel- or concrete-based building systems. Results for non-renewable energy consumption are essentially the same as those for total energy, reflecting the fact that most of the displaced energy is in fossil fuels. Over a 100-year period, net greenhouse gas emissions associated with wood-based houses are 20-50% lower than emissions associated with thermally comparable houses employing steel- or concrete-based building systems. Assuming 1.5 million single-family housing starts per year, the difference between wood and non-wood building systems represents about 9.6 Mt Of CO2 equivalents per year. The corresponding energy benefit associated with wood-based building materials is approximately 132 PJ year(-1). These estimates represent about 22% of embodied energy and 27% of embodied greenhouse gas emissions in the residential sector of the US economy. The results of the analysis are very sensitive to assumptions and uncertainties regarding the fate of forestland that is taken out of wood production due to reduced demand for wood, the continued production of co-products where demand for wood products is reduced, and the rate at which carbon accumulates in forests. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Upton, Brad] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc, W Coast Reg Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. [Miner, Reid] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Spinney, Mike] Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc, Stat & Model Dev Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Heath, Linda S.] USDA ARS, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Upton, B (reprint author), Natl Council Air & Stream Improvement Inc, W Coast Reg Ctr, PO Box 458, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA. EM bupton@ncasi.org NR 47 TC 73 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 EI 1873-2909 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.07.001 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 264GR UT WOS:000253276300001 ER PT J AU Varvel, GE Vogel, KP Mitchell, RB Follett, RF Kimble, JM AF Varvel, G. E. Vogel, K. P. Mitchell, R. B. Follett, R. F. Kimble, J. M. TI Comparison of corn and switchgrass on marginal soils for bioenergy SO BIOMASS & BIOENERGY LA English DT Article DE residue removal; ethanol; no-till corn; switchgrass; bioenergy; biomass ID CARBON SEQUESTRATION; RESIDUE REMOVAL; CROP RESIDUES; MANAGEMENT; TILLAGE; ENERGY; GRAIN AB Crop residues such as corn (Zea mays L.) stover are viewed as an abundant and inexpensive source of biomass that can be removed from fields to produce bioenergy. Assumptions include that with minimum or no-tillage farming methods, there will be no deleterious production or environmental effects. A long-term field study was established in eastern Nebraska, USA, to compare the switchgrass managed as a biomass energy crop versus no-till corn on a non-irrigated site, marginal for row-crop production, in the western Corn Belt. Our objective in this paper is to report on corn stover removal effects on corn grain yields and potential ethanol production in both cropping systems. Corn, under no-till management, and switchgrass were grown at three N fertilizer levels. In the first 5 years (2001-2005), removal of half the available stover significantly reduced corn yields. During that same time period, the potential ethanol yield for switchgrass was equal to or greater than the potential total ethanol yield of corn grain and harvested stover fertilized at the same optimum N rate. The effect of crop residue removal on crop productivity needs to be investigated in other agro-ecosystems and the potential use of dedicated perennial biomass energy crops should remain a viable renewable energy option on non-irrigated marginal croplands. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Varvel, G. E.; Vogel, K. P.; Mitchell, R. B.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Follett, R. F.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kimble, J. M.] USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, Lincoln, NE 68508 USA. RP Varvel, GE (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 344 Keim Hall,PO Box 830937, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM gvarvel1@unl.edu NR 14 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 3 U2 51 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0961-9534 J9 BIOMASS BIOENERG JI Biomass Bioenerg. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 32 IS 1 BP 18 EP 21 DI 10.1016/j.biombioe.2007.07.003 PG 4 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA 264GR UT WOS:000253276300003 ER PT B AU Goldberg, S Criscenti, LJ AF Goldberg, S. Criscenti, L. J. BE Violante, A Huang, PM Gadd, GM TI MODELING ADSORPTION OF METALS AND METALLOIDS BY SOIL COMPONENTS SO BIOPHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF HEAVY METALS AND METALLOIDS IN SOIL ENVIRONMENTS SE Wiley-IUPAC Series in Biophysico-Chemical Processes in Environmental Systems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; OXIDE-WATER INTERFACE; SURFACE COMPLEXATION MODEL; CONSTANT CAPACITANCE MODEL; ELECTRICAL DOUBLE-LAYER; GOETHITE ALPHA-FEOOH; DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL CALCULATIONS; CHROMATE RETENTION MECHANISMS; AMORPHOUS IRON OXYHYDROXIDE; INITIO MOLECULAR GEOMETRIES C1 [Goldberg, S.] USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Criscenti, L. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Dept Geochem, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sgoldberg@ussl.ars.usda.gov; ljcrisc@sandia.gov NR 166 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-0-470-17548-4; 978-0-471-73778-0 J9 WILEY-IUPAC SER BIOP PY 2008 BP 215 EP 264 PG 50 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BCJ18 UT WOS:000310275800008 ER PT S AU Zhou, XJ Van Eck, J Li, L AF Zhou, Xiangjun Van Eck, Joyce Li, Li BE ElGewely, MR TI Use of the cauliflower Or gene for improving crop nutritional quality SO BIOTECHNOLOGY ANNUAL REVIEW, VOL 14 SE Biotechnology Annual Review LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE carotenoids; cauliflower; Or gene; beta-carotene; chromoplast; metabolic sink; crop nutrition enhancement ID BETA-CAROTENE ACCUMULATION; ABSCISIC-ACID BIOSYNTHESIS; SEED-SPECIFIC OVEREXPRESSION; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE GENE; L. VAR. BOTRYTIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; POTATO-TUBERS; KETOCAROTENOID FORMATION; CHROMOPLAST DEVELOPMENT; TRANSGENIC POTATO AB Carotenoids are a group of pigments that are essential to human diets. An increasing interest in carotenoids as a nutritional source of vitamin A and health-promoting compounds has prompted the recent progress in metabolic engineering of carotenogenesis in food crops. Current strategies have been mainly focused on manipulating genes encoding carotenogeic enzymes. In many cases, it is difficult to reach the desired levels of carotenoid enhancement. In this chapter, we briefly summarize the recent progress on our understanding of carotenoid biosynthesis. We describe the isolation of a novel gene, the Or gene, from a high-beta-carotene orange cauliflower mutant. The Or gene encodes a plastid-targeted protein containing a cysteine-rich zinc finger domain and appears to be plant-specific. The insertion of a copia-like LTR retrotransponson in the Or gene confers high levels of carotenoid accumulation in the normally low-pigmented tissues. Rather than directly regulating carotenoid biosynthesis, the Or gene controls carotenoid accumulation by inducing the formation of chromoplasts, which provide a metabolic sink to sequester and deposit carotenoids. Examination of the Or transgenic potato tubers confirms that the Or-induced carotenoid accumulation is associated with the formation of a metabolic sink. Thus, the Or gene offers a new molecular tool to complement current approaches for nutritional enhancement in agriculturally important crops. C1 [Zhou, Xiangjun; Li, Li] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Van Eck, Joyce] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Li, L (reprint author), Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM ll37@cornell.edu NR 82 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-2656 BN 978-0-08-088808-8 J9 BIOTECHNOL ANN REV PY 2008 VL 14 BP 171 EP 190 DI 10.1016/S1387-2656(08)00006-9 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA BCQ62 UT WOS:000311033700007 PM 18606363 ER PT J AU Oswalt, SN Brandeis, TJ Woodall, CW AF Oswalt, Sonja N. Brandeis, Thomas J. Woodall, Christopher W. TI Southeast regional climate center (SERCC) climate information SO BIOTROPICA LA English DT Article DE carbon; Caribbean forests; down woody material; subtropical forests ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; NORTHEASTERN YUCATAN PENINSULA; TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; LANDSCAPE-SCALE; DRY FOREST; BIOMASS; CARBON; DYNAMICS; NUTRIENT; GRADIENT AB Dead wood is a substantial carbon stock in terrestrial forest ecosystems and hence a critical component of global carbon cycles. Given the limited amounts of dead wood biomass and carbon stock information for Caribbean forests, our objectives were to: (1) describe the relative contribution of down woody materials (DWM) to carbon stocks on the island of St. John; (2) compare these contributions among differing stand characteristics in subtropical moist and dry forests; and (3) compare down woody material carbon stocks on St. John to those observed in other tropical and temperate forests. Our results indicate that dead wood and litter comprise an average of 20 percent of total carbon stocks on St. John in both moist and dry forest life zones. Island-wide, dead wood biomass on the ground ranged from 4.55 to 28.11 Mg/ha. Coarse woody material biomass and carbon content were higher in moist forests than in dry forests. No other down woody material components differed between life zones or among vegetation categories (P > 0.05). Live tree density was positively correlated with fine woody material and litter in the moist forest life zone (R = 0.57 and 0.84, respectively) and snag basal area was positively correlated with total down woody material amounts (R = 0.50) in dry forest. Our study indicates that DWM are important contributors to the total biomass and, therefore, carbon budgets in subtropical systems, and that contributions of DWM on St. John appear to be comparable to values given for similar dry forest systems. C1 [Oswalt, Sonja N.; Brandeis, Thomas J.] USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. [Woodall, Christopher W.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Oswalt, SN (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 4700 Old Kingston Pike, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. EM soswalt@fs.fed.us NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3606 J9 BIOTROPICA JI Biotropica PD JAN PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2007.00343.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 250SB UT WOS:000252319600005 ER PT J AU Salarmoini, M Campbell, GL Rossnagel, BG Raboy, V AF Salarmoini, M. Campbell, G. L. Rossnagel, B. G. Raboy, V. TI Nutrient retention and growth performance of chicks given low-phytate conventional or hull-less barleys SO BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHYTIC ACID CONTENT; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; BROILER CHICKS; PHOSPHORUS DIGESTIBILITY; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; ASCORBIC-ACID; SOYBEAN-MEAL; PROTEIN; BIOAVAILABILITY; GRAIN AB 1. The experimental barley samples included 4 hulled and one hull-less low-phytate barley cultivars and two commercial barley varieties as controls. 2. The diets were provided in meal form, with the experimental barley samples constituting the cereal source. Two additional treatments were added for each of the control varieties in which intermediate and recommended levels of phosphorus were provided. 3. A completely randomised design was used with 5 replicates of 5 chicks per treatment. The chicks were grown from 2 to 14 d of age with excreta collected over the subsequent 3 d. 4. Although total phosphorus levels were similar for all barley samples, there were large differences in their phytate content, which ranged from less than 0.5 to 13.8 g/kg. M2 955 hulled barley exhibited the lowest phytate and the highest phosphorus solubility. 5. There was a negative linear relationship between grain phytate and weight gain and with bone ash. The low-phytate hulled barleys M2 955 and the low-phytate hull-less barley (lpa1-1H) gave better feed conversion (8%) than controls. The hull-less low-phytate barley gave significantly higher total phosphorus (18%) and soluble phosphorus retention (23%) than the hull-less control. The low-phytate samples tended to give lower excreta phosphorus levels (total and soluble), but the effect was significant only for the hull-less samples. Amino acid retention was significantly higher for the low-phytate hull-less barley than the control (4%). 6. Overall, the results suggest that using low-phytate barley can result in similar growth while using less supplemental phosphorus, reducing waste phosphorus by more than 50%. C1 [Salarmoini, M.] Shahid Bahonar Univ Kerman, Dept Anim Sci, Kerman, Iran. [Campbell, G. L.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Rossnagel, B. G.] Univ Saskatchewan, Ctr Crop Dev, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W0, Canada. [Raboy, V.] USDA ARS, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Salarmoini, M (reprint author), Shahid Bahonar Univ Kerman, Dept Anim Sci, Kerman, Iran. EM salarmoini@mail.uk.ac.ir NR 38 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1668 J9 BRIT POULTRY SCI JI Br. Poult. Sci. PY 2008 VL 49 IS 3 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1080/00071660802136890 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 317BC UT WOS:000256993100012 PM 18568757 ER PT J AU Siegel, JP Kuenen, LPSB Higbee, BS Noble, P Gill, R Yokota, GY Krugner, R Daane, KM AF Siegel, Joel P. Kuenen, L. P. S. Bas Higbee, Bradley S. Noble, Patricia Gill, Richard Yokota, Glen Y. Krugner, Rodrigo Daane, Kent M. TI Postharvest survival of navel orangeworm assessed in pistachios SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; TRANSITELLA; CALIFORNIA AB Controlling navel orangeworm, a key pistachio pest, is problematic because the moth overwinters in "mummy" nuts. After harvest, there may be more than 30,000 pistachio nuts (mummies) left behind per acre. To provide better information for winter sanitation decisions, we investigated the number of available mummies and their levels of navel orangeworm infestation from winter through early summer in California pistachio orchards. Navel orangeworm mortality was highest from late December through mid-February, and was also higher on the ground than in trees. Mortality on the ground was highest when mummies were tilled or mowed with the groundcover than when nuts were left on the raised berm. Our data indicates that, in contrast to almonds, it is more productive to focus on clearing pistachios from the ground than on removing them from trees. However, winter sanitation procedures also should be augmented in order to destroy more overwintering navel orangeworm. C1 [Siegel, Joel P.; Kuenen, L. P. S. Bas; Noble, Patricia; Gill, Richard] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Commodit Protect & Quarantine Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. [Higbee, Bradley S.] Paramt Farming Co, Bakersfield, CA USA. [Yokota, Glen Y.; Krugner, Rodrigo; Daane, Kent M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Siegel, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Commodit Protect & Quarantine Res Unit, Parlier, CA USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI OAKLAND PA 1111 FRANKLIN ST, 6TH FLOOR, OAKLAND, CA 94607-5200 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 30 EP 35 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 258GY UT WOS:000252857600011 ER PT J AU Kuenen, LPSB Bentley, W Rowe, HC Ribeiro, B AF Kuenen, L. P. S. Bas Bentley, Walt Rowe, Heather C. Ribeiro, Brian TI Bait formulations and longevity of navel orangeworm egg traps tested SO CALIFORNIA AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID AMYELOIS-TRANSITELLA LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; PHEROMONE; ALMONDS AB Standardization of pest monitoring practices and materials to maximize sensitivity to pest populations in the field is a foundation of effective integrated pest management (IPM). In response to changes in the availability of commercial bait material for navel orangeworm (NOW) egg traps, we evaluated potential alternative bait materials for use in monitoring this key pest of almonds, pistachios, walnuts and figs. Navel orangeworm egg traps baited with uninfested nutmeats were as effective as almond meal plus 10% crude almond oil, whereas traps baited with freeze-killed, navel orangeworm-infested nutmeats were less effective. The use of nut mummies (culled during winter orchard sanitation) as trap bait may not produce consistent results since the level of navel orangeworm infestation of these nuts is typically unknown. Three seasons of field tests showed that egg traps baited with almond meal plus 3% or 10% crude almond oil received similar numbers of navel orangeworm eggs, and these traps were equally effective for at least 10 weeks. C1 [Kuenen, L. P. S. Bas] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. [Bentley, Walt] UC Kearney Agr Ctr, UC Statewide IPM Project, Parlier, CA USA. [Rowe, Heather C.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kuenen, LPSB (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA USA. RI Rowe, Heather/C-9284-2011 NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA, OAKLAND, DIVISION AGRICULTURE & NATURAL RESOURCES PI OAKLAND PA 1111 FRANKLIN ST, 6TH FLOOR, OAKLAND, CA 94607-5200 USA SN 0008-0845 J9 CALIF AGR JI Calif. Agric. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 1 BP 36 EP 39 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 258GY UT WOS:000252857600012 ER PT J AU Miller, WG AF Miller, William G. BE Nachamkin, I Szymanski, CM Blaser, MJ TI Comparative Genomics of Campylobacter Species Other than Campylobacter jejuni SO CAMPYLOBACTER, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PATHOGEN HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; TOXIN CDT GENES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUBSP DOYLEI; HYDROXYLAMINE REDUCTASE; WOLINELLA-SUCCINOGENES; PHASE VARIATION; SEQUENCE; UPSALIENSIS; PLASMIDS C1 ARS, USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Miller, WG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 77 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-437-3 PY 2008 BP 73 EP 95 PG 23 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BPH83 UT WOS:000278888200006 ER PT J AU On, SLW Mccarthy, N Miller, WG Gilpin, BJ AF On, Stephen L. W. Mccarthy, Noel Miller, William G. Gilpin, Brent J. BE Nachamkin, I Szymanski, CM Blaser, MJ TI Molecular Epidemiology of Campylobacter Species SO CAMPYLOBACTER, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SHORT VARIABLE REGION; NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; SEQUENCE TYPING SYSTEM; NEW-ZEALAND; NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; JEJUNI STRAINS; SEASONAL-VARIATION; AFLP PROFILES C1 [On, Stephen L. W.] Inst Environm Sci & Res Ltd, Food Safety Programme, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Mccarthy, Noel] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SY, England. [Mccarthy, Noel] Hlth Protect Agcy, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3SY, England. [Mccarthy, Noel] Hlth Protect Agcy, Peter Medawar Bldg Pathogen Res, Oxford OX1 3SY, England. [Miller, William G.] USDA, Produce Safety & Microbiol Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Gilpin, Brent J.] Inst Environm Sci & Res Ltd, Water Management Programme, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP On, SLW (reprint author), Inst Environm Sci & Res Ltd, Food Safety Programme, Christchurch, New Zealand. RI McCarthy, Noel/K-3314-2012 NR 124 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-437-3 PY 2008 BP 191 EP 211 PG 21 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BPH83 UT WOS:000278888200011 ER PT J AU Gilbert, M Parker, CT Moran, AP AF Gilbert, Michel Parker, Craig T. Moran, Anthony P. BE Nachamkin, I Szymanski, CM Blaser, MJ TI Campylobacter jejuni Lipooligosaccharides: Structures and Biosynthesis SO CAMPYLOBACTER, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; SEROTYPE O-2 LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; CORE OLIGOSACCHARIDE REGIONS; N-ACETYLNEURAMINIC ACID; MILLER-FISHER-SYNDROME; LIPO-OLIGOSACCHARIDE; EXTRACELLULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; PHASE VARIATION; LIBERATED OLIGOSACCHARIDE C1 [Gilbert, Michel] Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Biol Sci, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. [Parker, Craig T.] USDA ARS, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Moran, Anthony P.] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Dept Microbiol, Galway, Ireland. [Moran, Anthony P.] Griffith Univ, Inst Glyc, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. RP Gilbert, M (reprint author), Natl Res Council Canada, Inst Biol Sci, 100 Sussex Dr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6, Canada. NR 90 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-437-3 PY 2008 BP 483 EP 504 PG 22 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BPH83 UT WOS:000278888200028 ER PT J AU Connerton, IF Connerton, PL Barrow, P Seal, BS Atterbury, RJ AF Connerton, Ian F. Connerton, Phillippa L. Barrow, Paul Seal, Bruce S. Atterbury, Robert J. BE Nachamkin, I Szymanski, CM Blaser, MJ TI Bacteriophage Therapy and Campylobacter SO CAMPYLOBACTER, 3RD EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; COLI RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; BROILER-CHICKENS; PHAGE THERAPY; VIBRIO-FETUS; TEMPERATE BACTERIOPHAGES; JEJUNI BACTERIOPHAGES; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; FREE-RANGE; COLONIZATION C1 [Connerton, Ian F.; Connerton, Phillippa L.] Univ Nottingham, Div Food Sci, Sch Biosci, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England. [Barrow, Paul] Univ Nottingham, Sch Vet Med & Sci, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England. [Seal, Bruce S.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Atterbury, Robert J.] Univ Bristol, Dept Vet Clin Sci, Bristol BS40 5DU, Avon, England. RP Connerton, IF (reprint author), Univ Nottingham, Div Food Sci, Sch Biosci, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, Leics, England. RI Atterbury, Robert/B-7940-2012 NR 107 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-437-3 PY 2008 BP 679 EP 693 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA BPH83 UT WOS:000278888200039 ER PT J AU Castell-Miller, CV Szabo, LJ Gale, LR O'Neill, NR Samac, DA AF Castell-Miller, Claudia V. Szabo, Les J. Gale, Liane Rosewich O'Neill, Nichole R. Samac, Deborah A. TI Molecular variability of a Minnesota population of Phoma medicaginis var. medicaginis, the causal agent of spring black stem and leaf spot of alfalfa SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE PHYTOPATHOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE Phoma medicaginis var. medicaginis; alfalfa; population genetics ID GENETIC-VARIATION; LEPTOSPHAERIA-MACULANS; FOLIAR DISEASES; CORE COLLECTION; FUNGI; PATHOGENICITY; AFLP; DIFFERENTIATION; CULTIVARS; EVOLUTION AB Spring black stem and leaf spot of alfalfa (Medicago sativa) caused by Phoma medicaginis var. medicaginis is an important disease of alfalfa in temperate regions of the United States, causing yield losses and decreasing forage quality. Isolates of the fungus vary in morphological and cultural characteristics, as well as aggressiveness on alfalfa. The sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) fingerprinting were used to characterize the diversity of P medicaginis var. medicaginis isolates collected from leaves and stems of alfalfa plants from northern and southern areas of Minnesota. Sequences of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 regions of the rDNA repeats from 14 isolates were highly conserved. AFLP analysis of 121 isolates with eight primer pair combinations revealed a moderate amount of variation as measured by the Dice coefficient (55%) and a gene diversity index of H = 0.23. Molecular polymorphisms were not correlated with geographic locations or plant organs from which the isolates were isolated. Analysis of molecular variance tests revealed a very low level of population subdivision between northern and Southern isolates (F-ST = 0.02) and between isolates collected from leaves and stems (F-ST = 0.01). AFLP fingerprinting was successful in detecting polymorphisms among P. medicaginis var. medicaginis isolates, whereas the utility of ITS region may be restricted to taxonomic or phylogenetic studies. C1 [Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Castell-Miller, Claudia V.; Szabo, Les J.; Gale, Liane Rosewich; Samac, Deborah A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Szabo, Les J.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [O'Neill, Nichole R.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Samac, DA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM dasamac@umn.edu NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 6 PU CANADIAN PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI OTTAWA PA MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0706-0661 J9 CAN J PLANT PATHOL JI Can. J. Plant Pathol.-Rev. Can. Phytopathol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 30 IS 1 BP 85 EP 96 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 319QG UT WOS:000257178200008 ER PT J AU Hendrickson, JR Liebig, MA Berdahl, JD AF Hendrickson, John R. Liebig, Mark A. Berdahl, John D. TI Responses of Medicago sativa and M falcata type alfalfas to different defoliation times and grass competition SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grazing-type alfalfa; hay-type alfalfa; defoliation timing; biomass productivity ID NITROGEN RESERVES; PERFORMANCE; SURVIVAL; PERSISTENCE; BROMEGRASS; TOLERANCE; CULTIVARS; RANGELAND; PASTURES; REGROWTH AB Incorporating alfalfa into rangelands can enhance the quantity and quality of forage production. We evaluated the impact of clipping timing and selective clipping on two M. falcata (Anik and Yellowhead) and one M. sativa type alfalfas (Vernal) near Mandan, North Dakota, USA. Cultivars were space-planted into an existing mixed grass prairie and clipped at the mid-bud, flower or flower and subsequent vegetative stages. In each clipping treatment, half of the plots had only the alfalfa clipped and half had both the alfalfa and the associated native vegetation clipped. Plots without alfalfa were also included to evaluate the impact of alfalfa on grass and forb biomass. Including Yellowhead increased total productivity by 38 to 185% without lowering the productivity of the grass or forb biomass components. Plots with Yellowhead produced 17 to 26% more total biomass than the next highest entry every year. In 2003 and 2005, alfalfa biomass was increased 1.5 to 2.7 times by clipping only alfalfa in the flower and regrowth stages compared with a mid-bud clipping of only alfalfa. Vernal and Yellowhead generally produced more total biomass when clipping was deferred to the flower stage, but clipping Anik in the mid-bud stage produced as much or more total biomass than did the later clipping treatments. Selective clipping of the alfalfa did not have a consistent impact on yield. Yellowhead appeared to be a good choice for incorporating into rangelands. Producers with Yellowhead or Vernal should consider delaying defoliation until flowering to maximize productivity. C1 [Hendrickson, John R.; Liebig, Mark A.; Berdahl, John D.] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Hendrickson, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM john.hendrickson@ars.usda.gov RI Liebig, Mark/A-2775-2009 NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 1 BP 61 EP 69 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 273MQ UT WOS:000253935400006 ER PT J AU Wenick, JJ Svejcar, T Angell, R AF Wenick, Jess J. Svejcar, Tony Angell, Raymond TI The effect of grazing duration on forage quality and production of meadow foxtail SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE grazing; beef cattle; regrowth; forage yield ID HARVEST DATE; GRASSES AB For the past 50 yr, meadow foxtail (Alopecurus pratensis L.) has been invading native flood meadows throughout the Harney Basin in southeastern Oregon. The expansion of this grass species has been the result of its broad climatic adaptation and ability to withstand drought while thriving in saturated soil conditions for a large part of the growing season. The growth of meadow foxtail starts as soon as adequate soil moisture exists. Managing this early-maturing hay species can prove to be a challenge because soil saturation and elevated water tables make it difficult to harvest hay when forage quality and yield are maximized. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether planned grazing would retard maturation and thus prolong forage quality. Treatments included a non-grazed control and grazing durations of 2, 4, 6, and 8 wk. Grazing was initiated in May of 1998 and 1999 on six replications of each treatment arranged in a randomized block design. Within each treatment/replication combination, ten 0.2-m(2) plots were clipped to ground level at about 2-wk intervals from May to August. The samples were weighed and dried for standing crop estimation and 4 of the 10 samples were selected at random and analyzed for acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and crude protein (CP). We found that early spring grazing decreased forage yield significantly (P <= 0.05). Grazing tended to slow the seasonal decline in CP. The effects of grazing on the forage fiber components, however, were inconsistent. The relatively small increase in forage quality does not appear to compensate for the large decline in hay yield (a 40% decline in the shortest grazing duration treatment). We recommend that unfertilized meadow foxtail pastures be used for either haying or grazing, but not both in a given growing season. C1 [Svejcar, Tony; Angell, Raymond] Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Wenick, Jess J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Rangeland Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Svejcar, T (reprint author), Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, USDA ARS, 67826 A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM Tony.Svejcar@oregonstate.edu NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 273MQ UT WOS:000253935400008 ER PT J AU Begnal, SH Fielding, DJ AF Begnal, Sultan H. Fielding, Dennis J. TI Growth and yield of barley in relation to grasshopper feeding damagele SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crop yield loss; economic injury level; harvest index; Insecta ID ACRIDIDAE DAMAGE; GRAIN-YIELD; MIGRATORY GRASSHOPPER; ORTHOPTERA-ACRIDIDAE; SPRING WHEAT; DEFOLIATION; ASSIMILATE; PLANT AB Grasshoppers are common pests of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in subarctic Alaska and cause substantial crop loss during outbreaks, but there is little information about the growth response of barley to grasshopper feeding damage. In two growth chamber experiments, we studied the effect of four densities (0, 1, 2, and 3 pot(-1), equivalent to 0, 25, 50 and 75 grasshoppers m(-2)) of grasshoppers (Melanoplus sanguinipes F.) on the above-and below-ground growth of barley (eight plants per pot). Plants were exposed to grasshoppers beginning in the 3rd to 4th leaf stage (exp. 1) and in 1st to 2nd leaf stage (exp. 2). Plants were harvested and growth variables were measured shortly after anthesis and at maturity. Generally, the reduction in above-ground dry matter, at the highest density was 29 and 47% for exp. 1 and exp. 2, respectively. Effects of grasshoppers on below-ground growth (dry matter and surface area of roots) was less consistent than on above-ground variables; however, at the highest grasshopper density in exp. 2, dry matter and surface area of roots were reduced by about 40-53%. Grain yield (pooled over experiments) decreased by 19 and 36% for grasshopper densities of 2 and 3 pot(-1), respectively. Most of the yield loss was accounted for by reduced seed weights, while protein content per seed remained nearly constant. The proportion of total above-ground dry matter represented in harvested grain and root:shoot ratios were not affected by grasshopper feeding. These results provide greater understanding of plant responses to insect feeding damage and will lead to more accurate estimates of economic injury levels. C1 [Fielding, Dennis J.] Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Fielding, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, Subarct Agr Res Unit, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffdjfl@uaf.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU AGRICULTURAL INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 280 ALBERT ST, SUITE 900, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1P 5G8, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 88 IS 1 BP 219 EP 227 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 273MQ UT WOS:000253935400026 ER PT J AU Falkowski, MJ Smith, AMS Gessler, PE Hudak, AT Vierling, LA Evans, JS AF Falkowski, Michael J. Smith, Alistair M. S. Gessler, Paul E. Hudak, Andrew T. Vierling, Lee A. Evans, Jeffrey S. TI The influence of conifer forest canopy cover on the accuracy of two individual tree measurement algorithms using lidar data SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Geophysical-Union CY DEC, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Geophys Union ID AIRBORNE LASER SCANNER; AERIAL-PHOTOGRAPHY; IMAGERY; HEIGHT; ELEVATION; DIAMETER AB Individual tree detection algorithms can provide accurate measurements of individual tree locations, crown diameters (from aerial photography and light detection and ranging (lidar) data), and tree heights (from lidar data). However, to be useful for forest management goals relating to timber harvest, carbon accounting, and ecological processes, there is a need to assess the performance of these image-based tree detection algorithms across a full range of canopy structure conditions. We evaluated the performance of two fundamentally different automated tree detection and measurement algorithms (spatial wavelet analysis (SWA) and variable window filters (VWF)) across a full range of canopy conditions in a mixed-species, structurally diverse conifer forest in northern Idaho, USA. Each algorithm performed well in low canopy cover conditions (< 50% canopy cover), detecting over 80% of all trees with measurements, and producing tree height and crown diameter estimates that are well correlated with field measurements. However, increasing tree canopy cover significantly decreased the accuracy of both SWA and VWF tree measurements. Neither SWA or VWF produced tree measurements within 25% of field-based measurements in high canopy cover (i. e., canopy cover > 50%) conditions. The results presented herein suggest that future algorithm development is required to improve individual tree detection in structurally complex forests. Furthermore, tree detection algorithms such as SWA and VWF may produce more accurate results when used in conjunction with higher density lidar data. C1 [Hudak, Andrew T.; Evans, Jeffrey S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Vierling, Lee A.] Univ Idaho, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Falkowski, Michael J.; Smith, Alistair M. S.; Gessler, Paul E.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Falkowski, MJ (reprint author), Canadian Forest Serv, Pacific Forestry Ctr, 506 W Burnside Rd, Victoria, BC V8Z 1M5, Canada. EM mfalkows@nrcan.gc.ca RI Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014; Vierling, Lee/E-6428-2010 OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958; Vierling, Lee/0000-0001-5344-1983 NR 39 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 12 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 34 BP S338 EP S350 PG 13 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 386CB UT WOS:000261858800010 ER PT J AU Pang, Y Lefsky, M Andersen, HE Miller, ME Sherrill, K AF Pang, Yong Lefsky, Michael Andersen, Hans-Erik Miller, Mary Ellen Sherrill, Kirk TI Validation of the ICEsat vegetation product using crown-area-weighted mean height derived using crown delineation with discrete return lidar data SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Geophysical-Union CY DEC, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Geophys Union ID AIRBORNE LASER SCANNER; INDIVIDUAL TREE CROWNS; SMALL-FOOTPRINT; FOREST; SEGMENTATION; DIAMETER; ALGORITHM; MODELS; VOLUME AB The Geoscience Laser Altimeter System (GLAS), a spaceborne light detection and ranging (lidar) sensor, has acquired over 250 million lidar observations over forests globally, an unprecedented dataset of vegetation height information. To be useful, GLAS must be calibrated to measurements of height used in forestry inventory and ecology. Airborne discrete return lidar (DRL) can characterize vegetation and terrain surfaces in detail, but its utility as calibration data for GLAS is limited by the lack of a direct relationship between the canopy height measurements collected by airborne and spaceborne lidar systems and coincident field data. We demonstrate that it is possible to use DRL to directly estimate the crown-area-weighted mean height (Hcw), which is conceptually and quantitatively similar to the Lorey's height, which is calculated from forest inventory data, and can be used to calibrate GLAS without the use of field data. For a dataset from five sites in western North America, the two indices of height (Hcw from DRL and Lorey's from forest inventory) are directly related (r(2) = 0.76; RMSE of 3.8 m; intercept and slope of 0.8 m and 0.98, respectively). We derived a relationship between the DRL-derived Hcw and height information from coincident GLAS waveforms; the resulting equation explained 69% of variance, with an RMSE of 6.2 m. C1 [Pang, Yong; Lefsky, Michael; Miller, Mary Ellen; Sherrill, Kirk] Colorado State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Ecol Applicat Lidar, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Pang, Yong] Chinese Acad Forestry, Inst Forest Resource & Informat Technol, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China. [Andersen, Hans-Erik] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Anchorage Forestry Sci Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Pang, Y (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Ctr Ecol Applicat Lidar, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM caf.pang@gmail.com RI Lefsky, Michael/A-7224-2009; Pang, Yong/J-2218-2012 NR 35 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 7 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 34 SU 2 BP S471 EP S484 PG 14 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 386CB UT WOS:000261858800020 ER PT J AU Smith, AMS Strand, EK Steele, CM Hann, DB Garrity, SR Falkowski, MJ Evans, JS AF Smith, Alistair M. S. Strand, Eva K. Steele, Caiti M. Hann, David B. Garrity, Steven R. Falkowski, Michael J. Evans, Jeffrey S. TI Production of vegetation spatial-structure maps by per-object analysis of juniper encroachment in multitemporal aerial photographs SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Fall Meeting of the American-Geophysical-Union CY DEC, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Geophys Union ID TEMPORAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS; SATELLITE SENSOR IMAGERY; TREE CROWN ANALYSIS; LAND-COVER; WAVELET TRANSFORM; SEA-ICE; SEGMENTATION EVALUATION; MODEL VALIDATION; CLASSIFICATION; TEXTURE AB . The remote sensing of vegetation, which has predominantly applied methods that analyze each image pixel as independent observations, has recently seen the development of several methods that identify groups of pixels that share similar spectral or structural properties as objects. The outputs of "per-object" rather than "per-pixel" methods represent characteristics of vegetation objects, such as location, size, and volume, in a spatially explicit manner. Before decisions can be influenced by data products derived from per-object remote sensing methods, it is first necessary to adopt methodologies that can quantify the spatial and temporal trends in vegetation structure in a quantitative manner. In this study, we present one such methodological framework where (i) marked point patterns of vegetation structure are produced from two per-object methods, (ii) new spatial-structural data layers are developed via moving-window statistics applied to the point patterns, (iii) the layers are differenced to highlight spatial-structural change over a 60 year period, and (iv) the resulting difference layers are evaluated within an ecological context to describe landscape-scale changes in vegetation structure. Results show that this framework potentially provides information on the population, growth, size association (nonspatial distribution of large and small objects), and dispersion. We present an objective methodological comparison of two common per-object approaches, namely image segmentation and classification using Definiens software and two-dimensional wavelet transformations. C1 [Smith, Alistair M. S.; Strand, Eva K.; Garrity, Steven R.; Falkowski, Michael J.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Steele, Caiti M.] New Mexico State Univ, ARS, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Hann, David B.] Univ Nottingham, Dept Mech Engn, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England. [Evans, Jeffrey S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Smith, AMS (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM alistair@uidaho.edu RI Garrity, Steven/A-8929-2011; Smith, Alistair/I-3162-2014; Wrbka, Thomas/A-5699-2010 OI Smith, Alistair/0000-0003-0071-9958; Wrbka, Thomas/0000-0002-1451-9108 NR 80 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU CANADIAN AERONAUTICS SPACE INST PI KANATA PA 350 TERRY FOX DR, STE 104, KANATA, ON K2K 2W5, CANADA SN 1712-7971 J9 CAN J REMOTE SENS JI Can. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 34 BP S268 EP S285 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA 386CB UT WOS:000261858800006 ER PT J AU Harnir, AN Kunkle, RA Bulgin, MS Rohwer, RG Gregori, L Richt, JA AF Harnir, Arnir N. Kunkle, Robert A. Bulgin, Marie S. Rohwer, Robert G. Gregori, Luisa Richt, Juergen A. TI Experimental transmission of scrapie agent to susceptible sheep by intralingual or intracerebral inoculation SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; PRION PROTEIN; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; INFECTION; FAILURE; TONGUE AB Scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. This study documents survival periods, pathological findings, and the presence of abnormal prion protein (PrPsc) in genetically susceptible sheep inoculated with scrapie agent. Suffolk lambs (AA/RR/QQ at codons 136, 154, and 171, respectively) aged 4 mo were injected by the intralingual (IL) or intracerebral (IC) route with an inoculum prepared from a pool of scrapie-affected US sheep brains. The animals were euthanized when advanced clinical signs of scrapie were observed. Spongiform lesions in the brain and PrPsc deposits in the central nervous system (CNS) and lymphoid tissues were detected by immunohistochemical and Western blot (WB) testing in all the sheep with clinical prion disease. The mean survival period was 18.3 mo for the sheep inoculated by the IL route and 17.6 mo for those inoculated by the IC route. Since the IC method is occasionally associated with anesthesia-induced complications, intracranial hematoma, and CNS infections, and the IL method is very efficient, it may be more humane to use the latter. However, before this method can be recommended for inoculation of TSE agents, research needs to show that other TSE agents can also transmit disease via the tongue. C1 [Harnir, Arnir N.; Kunkle, Robert A.; Richt, Juergen A.] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bulgin, Marie S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Anim & Vet Sci, Caldwell, ID USA. [Rohwer, Robert G.; Gregori, Luisa] Univ Maryland, VA Med Ctr, Lab Mol Neurovirol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Harnir, AN (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM ahamir@nadc.ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST ATTN: KIMBERLY ALLEN-MCGILL, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 63 EP 67 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 245DH UT WOS:000251914500010 ER PT J AU Pasma, T Davidson, S Shaw, SL AF Pasma, Tim Davidson, Suzanne Shaw, Sheryl L. TI Idiopathic vesicular disease in swine in Manitoba SO CANADIAN VETERINARY JOURNAL-REVUE VETERINAIRE CANADIENNE LA English DT Editorial Material ID LESIONS; ASSOCIATION; PIGS C1 [Pasma, Tim] Manitoba Agr Food & Rural Initiat, CVO Food Safety Knowledge Ctr, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5S6, Canada. [Davidson, Suzanne] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Carman, MB R0G 0J0, Canada. [Shaw, Sheryl L.] USDA APHIS VS, St Paul, MN 55107 USA. RP Pasma, T (reprint author), Manitoba Agr Food & Rural Initiat, CVO Food Safety Knowledge Ctr, 545 Univ Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5S6, Canada. NR 13 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST ATTN: KIMBERLY ALLEN-MCGILL, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0008-5286 J9 CAN VET J JI Can. Vet. J.-Rev. Vet. Can. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 49 IS 1 BP 84 EP 85 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 255YF UT WOS:000252693800013 PM 18320985 ER PT J AU Helmer, EH Kennaway, TA Pedreros, DH Clark, ML Marcano-Vega, H Tieszen, LL Ruzycki, TR Schill, SR Carrington, CMS AF Helmer, Eileen H. Kennaway, Todd A. Pedreros, Diego H. Clark, Matthew L. Marcano-Vega, Humfredo Tieszen, Larry L. Ruzycki, Thomas R. Schill, S. R. Carrington, C. M. Sean TI Land cover and forest formation distributions for St. Kitts, Nevis, St. Eustatius, Grenada and Barbados from decision tree classification of cloud-cleared satellite imagery SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE vegetation map; land-use change; Landsat; Caribbean; forest conservation; machine learning; multidate ID THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; PUERTO-RICO; SUCCESSIONAL STAGE; REGRESSION TREES; UNITED-STATES; GAP ANALYSIS; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY AB Satellite image-based mapping of tropical forests is vital to conservation planning. Standard methods for automated image classification, however, limit classification detail in complex tropical landscapes. In this study, we test an approach to Landsat image interpretation on four islands of the Lesser Antilles, including Grenada and St. Kitts, Nevis and St. Eustatius, testing a more detailed classification than earlier work in the latter three islands. Secondly, we estimate the extents of land cover and protected forest by formation for five islands and ask how land cover has changed over the second half of the 20(th) century. The image interpretation approach combines image mosaics and ancillary geographic data, classifying the resulting set of raster data with decision tree software. Cloud-free image mosaics for one or two seasons were created by applying regression tree normalization to scene dates that could fill cloudy areas in a base scene. Such mosaics are also known as cloud-filled, cloud-minimized or cloud-cleared imagery, mosaics, or composites. The approach accurately distinguished several classes that more standard methods would confuse; the seamless mosaics aided reference data collection; and the multiseason imagery allowed us to separate drought deciduous forests and woodlands from semi-deciduous ones. Cultivated land areas declined 60 to 100 percent from about 1945 to 2000 on several islands. Meanwhile, forest cover has increased 50 to 950%. This trend will likely continue where sugar cane cultivation has dominated. Like the island of Puerto Rico, most higher-elevation forest formations are protected in formal or informal reserves. Also similarly, lowland forests, which are drier forest types on these islands, are not well represented in reserves. Former cultivated lands in lowland areas could provide lands for new reserves of drier forest types. The land-use history of these islands may provide insight for planners in countries currently considering lowland forest clearing for agriculture. C1 [Helmer, Eileen H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. [Kennaway, Todd A.; Ruzycki, Thomas R.] Colorado State Univ, Ctr Environm Management Mil Lands, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Pedreros, Diego H.; Tieszen, Larry L.] US Geol Survey, Ctr EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Clark, Matthew L.] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Geog, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA. [Marcano-Vega, Humfredo] Puerto Rico Conservat Fdn, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Schill, S. R.] Nature Conservancy, Mesoamer & Caribbean Sci Program, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Carrington, C. M. Sean] Univ W Indies, Dept Chem & Biol Sci, Cave Hill, Barbados. RP Helmer, EH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, 1201 Calle Ceiba, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. EM ehelmer@fs.fed.us FU US AID-Caribbean Regional Programs Office; USAID FX We thank the US AID-Caribbean Regional Programs Office for funding this work. We also thank Justin Gray for critical volunteer IT and field support. Assistance was also provided by Floyd Liburd and Lemuel Pemberton (Nevis Department of Agriculture); Bernard Vanderpool (Brimstone Hill National Park); Ilis Palmer-Rannie (St. Kitts Department of Agriculture); Patrick Williams, Quincy Alexander and Graeme Browne (St. Kitts Physical Planning Division); Michael Mason, Anthony Jeremiah and Bonnie Rusk (Grenada Ministry of Agriculture); Tom Brandeis and Esther Rojas (Puerto Rico Conservation Foundation); Ray Czaplewski (USFS-RMRS); Alex Hoppus and Bonnie Ruefenacht (USFS-RSAC); Calvin Bagley (CSU-CEMML) and the NASA-GOFC program. Collin Homer, Christopher Barnes and Bruce Wylie (USGS-EROS) gave valuable manuscript input. This research was conducted in cooperation with the University of Puerto Rico and the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station (RMRS). USAID funded purchase of the IKONOS imagery for Barbados (Parks in Peril program). NR 34 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 10 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 175 EP 198 PG 24 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 343KU UT WOS:000258853300005 ER PT J AU Wadsworth, FH AF Wadsworth, Frank H. TI Growth of Pinus caribaea hondurensis relative to spacing and trunk diameter on two soils in Puerto Rico SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pinus caribaea; tree plantations; tree growth; growing space; thinning; Puerto Rico AB Analysis of 19-year-old planted Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis on clay and sandy soils in the mountains of Puerto Rico showed the suitability of both sites for tree growth to commercial size. Growth rates were compared with tree densities ranging from 278 to 2,500 trees per hectare and tree dbh's (trunk diameters outside bark at breast height, 1.4 meters above ground on the upper side) from 10 to 40 cm. With angular spacing tree growth was found related to that of six equidistant adjacent trees. Frequent past remeasurements exposed tree growth trends with changes in the density of surrounding trees. Regressions of tree diameter growth based on relative basal area tree density had coefficients of determination (R-2) of 0.76 and 0.77 for clay and sand, respectively. As a guide to tree planting spacing and thinning for any plantation productivity goal a table is presented showing predicted time requirements to grow each 10 cm in dbh, mean annual dbh growth rates, and approximate periodic productivity of usable wood in m(3)/ha/yr. On comparable sites this table permits managers of plantations with any spacing and mean tree dbh to predict current growth, number of years to any mature tree size, the approximate yield at that time, and tree growth stimulation after thinning of different intensities at different times. C1 [Wadsworth, Frank H.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR USA. [Wadsworth, Frank H.] Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Wadsworth, FH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR USA. EM fwadsworth@hotmail.com NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 10 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 236 EP 241 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 343KU UT WOS:000258853300011 ER PT J AU Pemberton, RW Liu, H AF Pemberton, Robert W. Liu, Hong TI Naturalization of Dalechampia scandens in southern Florida SO CARIBBEAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Dalechampia scandens; invasive species; Florida; introduced species; naturalization; orchid bee; spurgecreeper ID ORCHID BEE; EUPHORBIACEAE AB Dalechampia scandens, a native to the American tropics, was recently found naturalized in two Broward County parks in southern Florida. This is the first spontaneous occurrence of the plant in the continental United States. One of the populations may be an escape from a butterfly attraction where the plant was introduced and grown to rear cracker (Hamadryas) butterflies. Dalechampia scandens is pollinated by Euglossa viridissima, a recently naturalized orchid bee in Florida, known to pollinate this species in Mexico. C1 [Pemberton, Robert W.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312 USA. [Liu, Hong] Univ Florida, IFAS, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312 USA. RP Pemberton, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Colle Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33312 USA. EM Robert.Pemberton@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, PI MAYAGUEZ PA COLLEGE ARTS SCIENCES, MAYAGUEZ, PR 00680 USA SN 0008-6452 J9 CARIBB J SCI JI Caribb. J. Sci. PY 2008 VL 44 IS 3 BP 417 EP 419 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA 395RV UT WOS:000262542100015 ER PT J AU Phillips, JD Turkington, AV Marion, DA AF Phillips, Jonathan D. Turkington, Alice V. Marion, Daniel A. TI Weathering and vegetation effects in early stages of soil formation SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE weathering; vegetation; pedogenesis; regolith; ouachita mountains; feedbacks ID OUACHITA MOUNTAINS; FOREST; AUSTRALIA; REGOLITH; ARKANSAS; USA; CHRONOSEQUENCE AB Bedrock surfaces in the Ouachita Mountains, Arkansas, exposed by spillway construction and which had not previously been subjected to surface weathering environments, developed 15-20 cm thick soil covers in less than three decades. All open bedrock joints showed evidence of weathering and biological activity. Rock surfaces and fragments also showed evidence of significant weathering alteration. The results suggest a soil production function whereby weathering and increases in thickness are initially rapid. The rapid initial rate (5 to 10 mm year 1) is facilitated by a weathering-favorable regional climate, local topography favoring moisture and sediment accumulation, and aggressive vegetation colonization. The ages of the trees on the bedrock benches suggests that a short period (< 10 years) of pedogenic site preparation is necessary before trees can become established. Initial chemical weathering within newly-exposed rock fractures in resistant sandstone strata and chemical weathering of weak shale layers, coupled with accumulation of organic and mineral debris in fractures and microtopographic depressions facilitates plant establishment, which accelerates local weathering rates. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Tobacco Rd Res Team, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. RP Phillips, JD (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Tobacco Rd Res Team, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM jdp@uky.edu OI Marion, Daniel/0000-0002-5871-8969 NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 EI 1872-6887 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 21 EP 28 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2007.03.020 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 236IK UT WOS:000251296300003 ER PT J AU Pappas, EA Smith, DR Huang, C Shuster, WD Bonta, JV AF Pappas, E. A. Smith, D. R. Huang, C. Shuster, W. D. Bonta, J. V. TI Impervious surface impacts to runoff and sediment discharge under laboratory rainfall simulation SO CATENA LA English DT Article DE impervious surface; watershed; hydrology; urbanization; land use ID URBANIZATION; STREAMS; SYSTEMS; HABITAT; FISH AB Urbanization of watersheds previously managed for agricultural uses results in hydrologic changes associated with increased flooding and erosion. Few studies have been conducted to quantify these effects under controlled conditions and standard rainfall simulation methodologies have not been previously established. In this study, a laboratory rainfall simulation procedure was developed and utilized to evaluate hydrologic and sheet erosional responses to various configurations of impervious surface cover at the small scale. Runoff and sediment losses from a sloped (5%) cascade of soil boxes having 50% impervious cover located at the top of the slope or at the bottom of the slope, or having 0% impervious cover were measured. Results indicate that the 50% upslope impervious treatment generated sediment at 3-5 times the rate of the 50% downslope impervious treatment. Upslope impervious cover resulted in initially lower water runoff rates than channel development, but this effect narrowed or reversed with continued rainfall. These results suggest that upslope impervious surfaces may represent a larger total on-site erosion risk than equivalent impervious surfaces located at lower positions along the slope, especially under high antecedent soil moisture and/or high intensity rainfall. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. US EPA, ORD, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. USDA, ARS N Appalachian Expt Watershed, Coshocton, OH 43812 USA. RP Pappas, EA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM bets@purdue.edu NR 21 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0341-8162 J9 CATENA JI Catena PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 146 EP 152 DI 10.1016/j.catena.2007.05.001 PG 7 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Geology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 236IK UT WOS:000251296300014 ER PT B AU McCaig, D AF McCaig, Denise BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI You don't have to spit and chew SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn AB In the past, public land management agency leaders fit a certain mold. For example, Forest Service District Rangers were tall, loud, and chewed tobacco. Ms. McCaig didn't fit that mold and initially she thought she needed to act like a Ranger in order to be one. Fortunately for her, she discovered that leadership is found in many shapes and sizes. That diversity brings unique strengths to the resource management profession-strengths such as relationship building, conflict resolution, and community building. C1 US Forest Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 25 EP 26 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200005 ER PT B AU Turner, E AF Turner, Eurial BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI The future starts now! SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn C1 [Turner, Eurial] US Forest Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 31 EP 33 PG 3 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200007 ER PT B AU Warwell, M Steele, S Campbell, T AF Warwell, Marcus Steele, Stephanie Campbell, Terrence BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI FAMU/UF Joint Degree Program graduates: Where we've been and where we are now SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn AB The FAMU/UF 2+2 Joint Degree Program in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation was established to increase the number of minority professionals trained in forestry and related fields. The degree program graduated 8 students between 1996 and 2002. Their experiences in the program were unique and diverse and are reflective of their current career paths. The program was assessed by three of its graduates. Student financial assistance, work and travel experience, opportunity for future employment, and the personal support of the program advisors were identified as positive strengths in the program. Communication between organizations and students, transition between universities and the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS), and disbursement of funds were identified as areas for improvement. C1 [Warwell, Marcus] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Sci Lab, Moscow, ID USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 37 EP 40 PG 4 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200008 ER PT B AU Warwell, M AF Warwell, Marcus BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI Review of ecological adaptation in temperate and boreal forest tree species SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn ID GENETIC-VARIATION; DOUGLAS-FIR; CLIMATE; RESPONSES; OREGON AB Most temperate and boreal forest tree species in the northern hemisphere exhibit characteristic patterns of adaptation to cope with varying environmental pressures existing across their geographic distribution. The study of ecological adaptation of plants provides a means to estimate distributional patterns of adaptation and predict plant growth and survival on new sites. These relationships are used to guide forest managers in gene conservation, reforestation, and afforestation. This paper briefly summarizes basic principles associated with intraspecific ecological adaptation and highlights the significance of its continued study in relation to climate change. C1 [Warwell, Marcus] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Sci Lab, Moscow, ID USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 41 EP 45 PG 5 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200009 ER PT B AU Durbak, I AF Durbak, Irene BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI Highlights of wood products research activities at USDA Forest Products Laboratory SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn AB This paper provides a brief overview of the research mission of the Forest Product Laboratory, highlighting some of the many diverse groups and activities that make the Forest Products Laboratory a unique and valuable institution for wood research innovation, information, and conservation. Research in the areas of economics, mycology, biopulping, wood preservation, transfer efforts, and research. C1 [Durbak, Irene] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 61 EP 63 PG 3 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200012 ER PT B AU Macie, E AF Macie, Ed BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI Forest Service's approach to urban forestry SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn AB The U.S. Forest Service's role in Urban and Community Forestry is examined, starting with the program's enabling legislation, traditional activities, and delivery through the agency's many partners. Future challenges to urban forestry resulting from demographic changes and urbanization of the Southern landscape are addressed, using the Wildland-Urban Interface as a case study. Conclusions suggest research and information needs, opportunities in working with the public to address complex resource management issues, and leadership challenges for urban forestry practitioners. C1 [Macie, Ed] US Forest Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 84 EP 86 PG 3 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200017 ER PT B AU Robinson, JL AF Robinson, James L. BE Onokpise, OU Rockwood, DL Worthen, DH Willis, T TI Agroforestry to enhance land productivity and environmental protection SO CELEBRATING MINORITY PROFESSIONALS IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION: PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM ON THE TENTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 2 + 2 JOINT DEGREE PROGRAM IN FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SE USDA FOREST SERVICE GENERAL TECHNICAL REPORT SOUTHERN FOREST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Celebrating Minority Professionals in Forestry and Natural Resources Conservation CY SEP 17-20, 2002 CL Tallahassee, FL SP Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn Sci, Technol & Agr, Florida Dept Agr & Consumer Serv, Div Forestery, Ford Fdn, Univ Florida, SFRC, IFAS, USDA, CSREES NRI, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn AB Agroforestry is the intentional, interactive, integrated and intensive blending of agricultural and forestry production and conservation practices. Agroforestry technologies can be readily incorporated into most farm and ranch operations and are also useful to many communities. These practices provide cost-effective ways to diversify production and increase income, while simultaneously enhancing natural resource conservation. C1 [Robinson, James L.] Natl Agroforestry Ctr, NRCS, USDA, Ft Worth, TX USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV SO FOREST EXPT STN PI NEW ORLEANS PA NEW ORLEANS, LA 70113 USA J9 USDA SO FOR PY 2008 VL 106 BP 102 EP 103 PG 2 WC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Studies; Ethnic Studies SC Education & Educational Research; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Ethnic Studies GA BIH52 UT WOS:000259510200020 ER PT J AU Fernyhough, ME Hausman, GJ Dodson, MV AF Fernyhough, Melinda E. Hausman, Gary J. Dodson, Michael V. TI Progeny from dedifferentiated bovine adipocytes display protracted adipogenesis SO CELLS TISSUES ORGANS LA English DT Article DE adipofibroblast; adipocyte; dedifferentiation; PPAR gamma ID HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; TERMINALLY DIFFERENTIATED CELLS; PORCINE ADIPOSE-TISSUE; UNILOCULAR FAT-CELLS; OIL RED-O; GENE-EXPRESSION; PPAR-GAMMA; TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; LIPOLYTIC STIMULATION; REGIONAL DIFFERENCES AB Background: Progeny adipofibroblast cells, derived from mature bovine adipocytes, were used to determine their ability to redifferentiate into lipid-assimilating adipocytes. Methods: Traditional cell biology methods were used, including the expression of adipogenic markers such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPAR gamma). Results: When exposed to medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum, but not horse serum, cells began to form structures reminiscent of foci. Horse serum-supplemented medium resulted in a slowed progression towards cell conversion to lipid-assimilating adipocytes. When analyzed, horse serum was found to contain more cortisol and insulin-like growth factor-1 as well as differing fatty acid ratios. Histological observations of the horse serum-treated cultures (alone), cultures treated with a traditional differentiation induction medium (dexamethasone, methylisobutylxanthine and insulin), treated with insulin with or without different lipid compounds, or treated with a PPAR gamma agonist (rosiglitazone) resulted in the presence of intracellular vesicles, of which some contained lipid and some did not. Vesicles that did not stain for lipid did not possess glycogen or other types of storage moieties even though the cells expressed cellular markers thereby deeming them to be differentiated adipocytes (PPAR gamma protein and mRNA were expressed by cells possessing vesicles as were hormone-sensitive lipase and lipoprotein lipase proteins). Non-lipid-filled intracellular vesicle walls possessed the structural protein perilipin. Conclusion: These results are supportive of the progeny adipofibroblasts representing a unique adipogenic model that displays protracted adipogenesis. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 [Fernyhough, Melinda E.; Dodson, Michael V.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Hausman, Gary J.] ARS, USDA, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Poultry Proc & Swine Physiol Res Unit, Athens, GA USA. RP Dodson, MV (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Clark Hall 139,POB 646310, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM dodson@wsu.edu FU Washington State Agricultural Research Center [0913]; USDA Regional Research Project [NC-1131]; [NCCC-97] FX This research is presently supported by the Washington State Agricultural Research Center, Project 0913. M. V. D. is a participant of USDA Regional Research Project NC-1131 (Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Skeletal Muscle Growth and Differentiation) and NCCC-97 (Regulation of Adipose Tissue Accretion in Meat-Producing Animals). NR 83 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-6405 J9 CELLS TISSUES ORGANS JI Cells Tissues Organs PY 2008 VL 188 IS 4 BP 359 EP 372 DI 10.1159/000134007 PG 14 WC Anatomy & Morphology; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Anatomy & Morphology; Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 355RL UT WOS:000259725900003 PM 18493114 ER PT J AU Funk, C Grabber, JH Steinhart, H Bunzel, M AF Funk, Carola Grabber, John H. Steinhart, Hans Bunzel, Mirko TI Artificial lignification of maize cell walls does not affect in vitro bile acid adsorption SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIETARY FIBER; BINDING; FERULATE; LIGNINS; INVITRO; FERMENTATION; VEGETABLES; MICROBIOTA; FRACTIONS; CONIFERYL AB Bile acid adsorption by lignified dietary fiber in the human intestine is proposed as a mechanism for lowering blood cholesterol level and reducing colon cancer risk. In this study, we investigated how the concentration and composition of lignin in fiber influences the in vitro adsorption of primary bile acids (glycocholate, taurocholate, and glycochenodeoxycholate) and a secondary bile acid (deoxycholate). Adsorption studies were performed by incubating nonlignified and artificially lignified maize cell walls (dehydrogenation polymer-cell walls) with bile acids under conditions imitating the small intestine and distal colon. Artificially lignified cell walls had varying but defined lignin concentrations (4.8-19.0%) and compositions (varying from pure guaiacyl to pure syringyl lignins) but a uniform polysaccharide-protein matrix. Adsorption of bile acids by cell walls was in a range of 6-31% (4-26 nmol of bile acids/mg of cell walls), with glycochenodeoxycholate showing the highest adsorption rates. Neither lignin concentration nor lignin composition influenced bile acid adsorption, thus disproving a major role of lignin in bile acid adsorption. C1 [Funk, Carola; Steinhart, Hans; Bunzel, Mirko] Univ Hamburg, Dept Food Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Grabber, John H.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Bunzel, Mirko] Univ Minnesota, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Bunzel, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Dept Food Chem, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. EM mbunzel@umn.edu NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 85 IS 1 BP 14 EP 18 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-85-1-0014 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 250IZ UT WOS:000252294600002 ER PT J AU Dowell, FE Maghirang, EB Pierce, RO Lookhart, GL Bean, SR Xie, F Caley, MS Wilson, JD Seabourn, BW Ram, MS Park, SH Chung, OK AF Dowell, F. E. Maghirang, E. B. Pierce, R. O. Lookhart, G. L. Bean, S. R. Xie, F. Caley, M. S. Wilson, J. D. Seabourn, B. W. Ram, M. S. Park, S. H. Chung, O. K. TI Relationship of bread quality to kernel, flour, and dough properties SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HARD RED WINTER; WHEAT-FLOUR; LIPID EXTRACTION; SPRING WHEAT; FUNCTIONALITY; BREADMAKING; PROTEINS; BAKING; DURUM AB This study measured the relationship between bread quality and 49 hard red spring (HAS) or 48 hard red winter (HRW) grain, flour, and dough quality characteristics. The estimated bread quality attributes included loaf volume, bake mix time, bake water absorption, and crumb grain score. The best-fit models for loaf volume, bake mix time, and water absorption had R-2 values of 0.78-0.93 with five to eight variables. Crumb grain score was not well estimated, and had R-2 values approximate to 0.60. For loaf volume models, grain or flour protein content was the most important parameter included. Bake water absorption was best estimated when using mixograph water absorption, and flour or grain protein content. Bake water absorption models could generally be improved by including farinograph, mixograph, or alveograph measurements. Bake mix time was estimated best when using mixograph mix time, and models could be improved by including glutenin data. When the data set was divided into calibration and prediction sets, the loaf volume and bake mix time models still looked promising for screening samples. When including only variables that could be rapidly measured (protein content, test weight, single kernel moisture content, single kernel diameter, single kernel hardness, bulk moisture content, and dark hard and vitreous kernels), only loaf volume could be predicted with accuracies adequate for screening samples. C1 [Dowell, F. E.; Maghirang, E. B.] USDA ARS, Grain Marketing & Prod Res Ctr, Engn Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Pierce, R. O.] USDA, Grain Inspect Packers & Stockyards Adm, Federal Grain Inspect Serv, Kansas City, MO 64163 USA. [Lookhart, G. L.; Xie, F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bean, S. R.; Caley, M. S.; Wilson, J. D.; Seabourn, B. W.; Ram, M. S.; Park, S. H.; Chung, O. K.] USDA ARS, Grain Marketing & Prod Res Ctr, Grain Qual & Struct Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Dowell, FE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grain Marketing & Prod Res Ctr, Engn Res Unit, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM floyd.dowell@gmprc.ksu.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 25 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 85 IS 1 BP 82 EP 91 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-85-1-0082 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 250IZ UT WOS:000252294600013 ER PT J AU Manful, JT Grimm, CC Gayin, J Coker, RD AF Manful, J. T. Grimm, C. C. Gayin, J. Coker, R. D. TI Effect of variable parboiling on crystallinity of rice samples SO CEREAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; STARCH; AMYLOSE AB Rice parboiled at various combinations of soaking temperature and steaming time were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Generally, gelatinization enthalpy decreased as the soaking temperature increased from 30 degrees C to 50 degrees C and 70 degrees C to 90 degrees C, and gelatinization enthalpy decreased as steaming times increased from 4 and 8 min to 12 min. As expected, a distinctive A-pattern was observed in the XRD of raw rice. The most severely parboiled laboratory sample (90 degrees C for 12 min), showed no discernable change toward the V-pattern. Crystallinity decreased from the raw rice (24.6%) with increased cooking temperature. C1 [Grimm, C. C.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Manful, J. T.; Gayin, J.] CSIR, Food Res Inst, Accra, Ghana. [Coker, R. D.] Univ Greenwich Medway Chatham Maritime, Nat Resources Inst, Food Management & Marketing Grp, Chatham ME4 4TB, Kent, England. RP Grimm, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM cgrimm@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CEREAL CHEMISTS PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB RD, ST PAUL, MN 55121-2097 USA SN 0009-0352 J9 CEREAL CHEM JI Cereal Chem. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 85 IS 1 BP 92 EP 95 DI 10.1094/CCHEM-85-1-0092 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA 250IZ UT WOS:000252294600014 ER PT J AU Brown-Guedira, G Griffey, C Kolb, F Mckendry, A Murphy, JP Van Sanford, D AF Brown-Guedira, Gina Griffey, Carl Kolb, Fred Mckendry, Anne Murphy, J. Paul Van Sanford, David TI Breeding Fhb-resistant soft winter wheat: Progress and prospects SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight CY SEP 01-05, 2008 CL Szeged, HUNGARY SP Cereal Res Non Profit Co, US & Canadian fusarium Head Blight Forums, Reg Comm Hungarian Acad Sci DE fusarium head blight; wheat breeding; resistance ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; MOLECULAR MARKERS; REGISTRATION AB Soft winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) breeding programs in the US have used two general approaches to developing FHB-resistant cultivars: 1) incorporation of Fhb1 plus other minor QTL from Asian wheat cultivars and their derivatives and 2) reliance on resistance native to the soft winter wheat gene pool. Although each approach has shown same success, it is believed that the two must be integrated to develop the highest levels of resistance. The most favorable scenario for integration is the incorporation of Fhb1 into adapted material with good native resistance, high yield and test weight, and superior milling and baking quality. C1 [Brown-Guedira, Gina] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Griffey, Carl] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Kolb, Fred] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Mckendry, Anne] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Van Sanford, David] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. RP Brown-Guedira, G (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Small Grains Genotyping Lab, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM gina_brown-guedira@ncsc.edu; cgriffey@vt.edu; f-kolb@illinois.edu; mckendrya@missouri.edu; paul_murphy@ncsu.edu; dvs@uky.edu NR 11 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU CEREAL RES INST PI SZEGED PA POB 391, 6701 SZEGED, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PY 2008 VL 36 SU B BP 31 EP 35 DI 10.1556/CRC.36.2008.Suppl.B.5 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 353JX UT WOS:000259563800005 ER PT J AU Jauhar, PP AF Jauhar, Prem P. TI Synthesis of an FHB-resistant durum disomic alien addition line with a pair of diploid wheatgrass chromosomes SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight CY SEP 01-05, 2008 CL Szeged, HUNGARY SP Cereal Res Non Profit Co, US & Canadian fusarium Head Blight Forums, Reg Comm Hungarian Acad Sci DE chromosome pairing; chromosome-specific markers; fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH); Lophopyrzon elongation ID THINOPYRUM; HYBRIDS; LOPHOPYRUM; GISH AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L., 2n = 4x = 28; AABB genomes) is an important cereal crop widely used for human consumption. Fusarium head blight (FHB), or scab, caused by the fungus Fusarium graminearum Schwabe, is a serious disease of durum wheat. Current durum cultivars have very little or no FHB resistance. A wild relative, diploid wheatgrass Lophopyrum elongatum (Host) A. Love (2n = 2x = 14; EE genome) is all excellent source of resistance. By crossing durum wheat with L. elongatum we produced F I hybrids that were male sterile. By backcrossing the F, hybrids to the durum parent, followed by sclfing, we obtained several fertile hybrid derivatives with FHB resistance. We isolated a disomic addition line (2n = 28 + 2) with a pair of L. elongatum chromosomes. This alien addition line is mejotically regular and hence reproductively stable. The addition line is FHB-resistant with a mean infection of 6.5%, while the parental durum has 80% infection. Using various biochemical and molecular techniques - fluorescent genomic in situ hybridization (fl-GISH) and chromosome-specific markers - we have shown that the extra chromosome involved is I E of L. elongatum. This is the first time that FHB resistance has been discovered on chromosome I E. C1 ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Jauhar, PP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM prem.jauhar@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CEREAL RES INST PI SZEGED PA POB 391, 6701 SZEGED, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PY 2008 VL 36 SU B BP 77 EP 82 DI 10.1556/CRC.36.2008.Suppl.B.13 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 353JX UT WOS:000259563800013 ER PT J AU Cakir, C Scofield, SR AF Cakir, Cahid Scofield, Steven R. TI Evaluating the ability of the Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing system to simultaneously silence two wheat genes SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight CY SEP 01-05, 2008 CL Szeged, HUNGARY SP Cereal Res Non Profit Co, US & Canadian Fusarium Head Blight Forums, Reg Comm Hungarian Acad Sci DE virus-induced gene silencing; VIGS; wheat; functional genomics ID RESISTANCE AB Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is an important tool for rapid assessment of gene function in plains. The ability of the Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) VIGS system to simultaneously silence two genes was assessed by comparing the extent of down-regulation of the wheat PDS and SGT1 genes after wheat plants were infected with BSMV-VIGS constructs carrying 178bp fragments of the PDS and SGT1 genes linked in cis or after infection with single-gene silencing BSMV constructs carrying PDS or SGT1 alone or with a mixture of the single-gene constructs. Although significant variation occurred in these studies it was clearly demonstrated that two wheat genes can be silenced simultaneously by a single BSMV-VIGS construct. C1 [Cakir, Cahid; Scofield, Steven R.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cakir, C (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM scofield@purduc.edu RI Scofield, Steven/C-3868-2016 NR 6 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO RT PI BUDAPEST PA PRIELLE K U 19, PO BOX 245,, H-1117 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PY 2008 VL 36 SU B BP 217 EP 222 DI 10.1556/CRC.36.2008.Suppl.B.18 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 353JX UT WOS:000259563800053 ER PT J AU Bowden, RL Fuentes-Bueno, I Leslie, JF Lee, J Lee, YW AF Bowden, Robert L. Fuentes-Bueno, Irazema Leslie, John F. Lee, Jungkwan Lee, Yin-Won TI Methods for detecting chromosome rearrangements in Gibberella zeae SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight CY SEP 01-05, 2008 CL Szeged, HUNGARY SP Cereal Res Non Profit Co, US & Canadian Fusarium Head Blight Forums, Reg Comm Hungarian Acad Sci DE Fusarium graminearum; sexual recombination; cross fertility ID FUSARIUM-GRAMINEARUM; NEUROSPORA; GENES AB Chromosome rearrangements between fungal strains may reduce fertility in Sexual crosses through the production of genetically inviable recombinant progeny. As Such, rearrangements can be important postzygotic reproductive barriers that contribute to the speciation process. The presence of chromosome rearrangements in crosses with Gibberella zeae was tested by Counting asci with 8, 6, 4, or 2 viable ascospores. Counts were made by observing rosettes of asci extruded from crushed perithecia and by observing unordered ascospore tetrads ejected onto agar slabs from mature perithecia. The two methods gave similar results. Self-fertilized Cultures served as controls and produced the normal eight ascospores per ascus in >98% of cases. Crosses with strains known to carry chromosome rearrangements produced significant frequencies of asci with 6, 4, or 2 ascospores, as expected. These results Suggest that these methods will be useful to survey Populations of G. zeae for chromosome rearrangements. C1 [Bowden, Robert L.] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4008, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Fuentes-Bueno, Irazema; Leslie, John F.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lee, Jungkwan; Lee, Yin-Won] Seoul Natl Univ, Sch Agr Biotechnol, Seoul 151921, South Korea. [Lee, Jungkwan; Lee, Yin-Won] Seoul Natl Univ, Ctr Agr Biomat, Seoul 151921, South Korea. RP Bowden, RL (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4008, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM robert.bowden@ars.usda.gov RI Bowden, Robert/E-3268-2013 OI Bowden, Robert/0000-0001-9419-6574 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO RT PI BUDAPEST PA PRIELLE K U 19, PO BOX 245,, H-1117 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PY 2008 VL 36 SU B BP 603 EP 608 DI 10.1556/CRC.36.2008.Suppl.B.49 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 353JX UT WOS:000259563800150 ER PT J AU Leslie, JF Bowden, RL AF Leslie, John F. Bowden, Robert L. TI Fusarium graminearum: When species concepts collide SO CEREAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on Fusarium Head Blight CY SEP 01-05, 2008 CL Szeged, HUNGARY SP Cereal Res Non Profit Co, US & Canadian Fusarium Head Blight Forums, Reg Comm Hungarian Acad Sci DE AFLPs; biological species; cross-fertility; fertility barriers; Gibberella zeae; hybrids; nomenclature; phylogenetic species; quarantine ID GIBBERELLA-ZEAE; MATING POPULATIONS; GENE GENEALOGIES; PRAIRIE GRASSES; SP NOV.; COMPLEX; PATHOGENICITY; RECOGNITION; DIVERSITY; NUCLEAR AB Species in fungi call be defined by reference to species concepts based oil morphology, ecology, biology and phylogenetics. Fusarium graminearum, all important pathogen of wheat, barley, rice and maize has been subjected to analyses based oil all four of these concepts. Data relevant to the biological concept usually are interpreted to support only a single, but genetically diverse, species, while data relevant to the phylogenetic concept usually arc interpreted to support multiple species each with a narrower genetic base. The nomenclature used is important not only for mycologists, but also for regulators and for quarantines that may result from inappropriate applications of the phylogenetic species names. Further work is required to resolve the currently existing incongruities in nomenclature and species concepts. C1 [Leslie, John F.] Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bowden, Robert L.] USDA ARS, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4007, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Leslie, JF (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 4024, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RI Bowden, Robert/E-3268-2013 OI Bowden, Robert/0000-0001-9419-6574 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO RT PI BUDAPEST PA PRIELLE K U 19, PO BOX 245,, H-1117 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0133-3720 J9 CEREAL RES COMMUN JI Cereal Res. Commun. PY 2008 VL 36 SU B BP 609 EP 615 DI 10.1556/CRC.36.2008.Suppl.B.50 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 353JX UT WOS:000259563800151 ER PT J AU Degenkolb, T Von Dohren, H Nielsen, KF Samuels, GJ Bruckner, H AF Degenkolb, Thomas Von Doehren, Hans Nielsen, Kristian Fog Samuels, Gary J. Brueckner, Hans TI Recent advances and future prospects in peptaibiotics, hydrophobin, and mycotoxin research, and their importance for chemotaxonomy of Trichoderma and Hypocrea SO CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY LA English DT Review ID FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; POLYPEPTIDE ANTIBIOTICS PEPTAIBIOTICS; ASSISTED-LASER-DESORPTION/IONIZATION; WITCHES-BROOM PATHOGEN; MALDI-TOF; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; PEPTAIBOL ANTIBIOTICS; RAPID DISCRIMINATION; TOXICITY ASSESSMENT; FUNGAL DEVELOPMENT AB Fungi of the genus Trichoderma with teleomorphs in Hypocrea are abundant producers of a group of amphiphilic, non-ribosomal peptide antibiotics, which are rich in the non-proteinogenic amino acid Aib (a-aminoisobutyric acid). They are referred to as peptaibioties, or peptaibols, if a 1,2-amino alcohol is present at the C-terminus. Trichoderma/Hypocrea, like other ascomycetous fungi, also produce hydrophobins, a class of small, cysteine-rich proteins. Advanced soft ionization mass spectrometric techniques such as LC-CID-MS, LC-ESI-MSn, and IC-MALDI-TOF-MS enabled the high-throughput analysis, simultaneous detection and sequence determination of peptaibioties and hydrophobins from minute quantities of fungal materials. Some Trichoderma species have been recognized to produce peptaibiotics as well as simple mycotoxins of the trichothecene group. The combination of sequence data of both groups of peptides with the pattern of low-molecular-weight secondary metabolites, including trichothecene-type mycotoxins, independently confirmed the results of morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses. Ibis approach established a new lineage in TrichodermalHypocrea, the Brevicompactum clade, comprising four new and one redescribed species. Notably, commercial preparations of single or mixed cultures of Trichoderma species, in particular T harzianum, and T koningii, are registered as biocontrol agents for soil and plant pathogens. In this context, it is emphasized that the four mycotoxin-producing species of the recently established Brevicompactum clade (T brevicompactum, T arundinaceum, T turrialbense, and T protrudens) are not closely related to any of the Trichoderma species currently used as biocontrol agents. Furthermore, possible health concerns about release of peptaibiotics in the biosphere are discussed with respect to their bioactivities and their use as drugs in human and veterinary medicine. Finally, future prospects regarding novel bioactivities and further research needs, including interdisciplinary taxonomic approaches, are outlined. C1 [Degenkolb, Thomas; Brueckner, Hans] Univ Giessen, Inst Nutr Sci, Dept Food Sci, Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Biosyst,Land & Nutr IFZ, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. [Von Doehren, Hans] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Chem, FG Biochem & Mol Biol, D-10587 Berlin, Germany. [Nielsen, Kristian Fog] Tech Univ Denmark, BioCentrum, Dept Syst Biol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. [Samuels, Gary J.] ARS, USDA, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Degenkolb, T (reprint author), Univ Giessen, Inst Nutr Sci, Dept Food Sci, Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Biosyst,Land & Nutr IFZ, Heinrich Buff Ring 26-32, D-35392 Giessen, Germany. EM thomas.degenkolb@ernaehrung.uni-giessen.de; doehren@chem.tu-berlin.de; kfn@bio.dtu.dk; Gary.Samuels@ars.usda.gov; hans.brueckner@ernaehrung.uni-giessen.de RI Nielsen, Kristian/C-7233-2011 OI Nielsen, Kristian/0000-0002-5848-0911 NR 76 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 29 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1612-1872 EI 1612-1880 J9 CHEM BIODIVERS JI Chem. Biodivers. PY 2008 VL 5 IS 5 BP 671 EP 680 DI 10.1002/cbdv.200890064 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 305NA UT WOS:000256183900001 PM 18493954 ER PT J AU Johnson, EG Sparks, JP Dzikovski, B Crane, BR Gibson, DM Loria, R AF Johnson, Evan G. Sparks, Jed P. Dzikovski, Boris Crane, Brian R. Gibson, Donna M. Loria, Rosemary TI Plant-pathogenic Streptomyces species produce nitric oxide synthase-derived nitric oxide in response to host signals SO CHEMISTRY & BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; THAXTOMIN-A; DISEASE RESISTANCE; BIOSYNTHESIS; ACIDISCABIES; INVOLVEMENT; PHYTOTOXIN; CELLULOSE; PROTEIN; GROWTH AB Nitric oxide (NO) is a potent intercellular signal for defense, development, and metabolism in animals and plants. In mammals, highly regulated nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) generate NO. NOS homologs exist in some prokaryotes, but direct evidence for NO production by these proteins has been lacking. Here, we demonstrate that a NOS in plant-pathogenic Streptomyces species produces diffusible NO. NOS-dependent NO production increased in response to cellobiose, a plant cell wall component, and occurred at the host-pathogen interface, demonstrating induction by host signals. These data document in vivo production of NO by prokaryotic NOSs and implicate pathogen-derived NO in host-pathogen interactions. NO may serve as a signaling molecule in other NOS-containing bacteria, including the medically and environmentally important organisms Bacillus anthracis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Deinococcus radiodurans. C1 [Crane, Brian R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Chem & Biol Chem, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Gibson, Donna M.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, US Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rl21@cornell.edu RI Johnson, Evan/B-9864-2008 OI Johnson, Evan/0000-0001-7672-2120 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR016292-08, P41 RR016292] NR 33 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 12 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1074-5521 J9 CHEM BIOL JI Chem. Biol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 15 IS 1 BP 43 EP 50 DI 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.11.014 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 258PH UT WOS:000252879300007 PM 18215772 ER PT J AU Krizkova, S Hrdinova, V Adam, V Burgess, EPJ Kramer, KJ Masarik, M Kizek, R AF Krizkova, Sona Hrdinova, Vendula Adam, Vojtech Burgess, Elisabeth P. J. Kramer, Karl J. Masarik, Michal Kizek, Rene TI Chip-based CE for avidin determination in transgenic tobacco and its comparison with square-wave voltammetry and standard gel electrophoresis SO CHROMATOGRAPHIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on Advances in Chromatography and Electrophoresis and Chiranal CY JUN 24-27, 2007 CL Palacky Univ, Olomouc, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Czech Chem Soc, Working Grp Chromatog & Electrophoresis HO Palacky Univ DE chip-based capillary electrophoresis; avidin, transgenic tobacco plants; voltammetry; SDS-PAGE ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MODIFIED ELECTRODE SURFACE; BIOTIN-BINDING PROTEINS; INSECT PESTS; GRAPHITE-ELECTRODES; ELECTROCHEMICAL-BEHAVIOR; CONFERS RESISTANCE; METALLOTHIONEIN; BIOSENSOR; MAIZE AB Avidin transgenic plants are a potential tool for providing resistance against various species of insect pests due to the sequestration of vitamin H (biotin) in the plant from the insect pests. In this project we compared three techniques for avidin determination in transgenic tobacco plants, a novel chip-based capillary electrophoretic method (Experion), classical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS-PAGE) and a square wave voltammetric method using a carbon paste electrode. We determined that the automated chip-based capillary electrophoretic method is rapid, sensitive and the results obtained are well repeatable. The avidin content measured in transgenic tobacco leaves using chip-based capillary electrophoresis varied from 15 to 854 ng per mg of fresh mass depending on the individual plant. C1 [Krizkova, Sona; Hrdinova, Vendula; Adam, Vojtech; Kizek, Rene] Mendel Univ Brno, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brno 61300, Czech Republic. [Adam, Vojtech] Mendel Univ Brno, Fac Agron, Dept Anim Nutr & Forage Prod, Brno 61300, Czech Republic. [Burgess, Elisabeth P. J.] Hort & Food Res Inst New Zealand Ltd, Mt Albert Res Ctr, Auckland 92169, New Zealand. [Kramer, Karl J.] ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Masarik, Michal] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Pathol Physiol, Brno 66243, Czech Republic. RP Kizek, R (reprint author), Mendel Univ Brno, Dept Chem & Biochem, Zemedelska 1, Brno 61300, Czech Republic. EM kizek@sci.muni.cz RI Adam, Vojtech/D-7686-2012; Burgess, Elisabeth/F-9572-2011; Kizek, Rene/D-7748-2012; Masarik, Michal/D-9920-2012; Krizkova, Sona/E-9617-2012 OI Adam, Vojtech/0000-0002-8527-286X; Burgess, Elisabeth/0000-0001-6598-8759; Krizkova, Sona/0000-0002-0479-8369 NR 39 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0009-5893 EI 1612-1112 J9 CHROMATOGRAPHIA JI Chromatographia PY 2008 VL 67 SU S BP S75 EP S81 DI 10.1365/s10337-008-0606-6 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 310MM UT WOS:000256533700011 ER PT J AU Tague, C Grant, G Farrell, M Choate, J Jefferson, A AF Tague, Christina Grant, Gordon Farrell, Mike Choate, Janet Jefferson, Anne TI Deep groundwater mediates streamflow response to climate warming in the Oregon Cascades SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN; WATER-RESOURCES; RIVER-BASIN; HYDROLOGY; MODEL; FLOW; SIMULATION; CALIFORNIA; SCALE; SOIL AB Recent studies predict that projected climate change will lead to significant reductions in summer streamflow in the mountainous regions of the Western US. Hydrologic modeling directed at quantifying these potential changes has focused on the magnitude and timing of spring snowmelt as the key control on the spatial-temporal pattern of summer streamflow. We illustrate how spatial differences in groundwater dynamics can also play a significant role in determining streamflow responses to warming. We examine two contrasting watersheds, one located in the Western Cascades and the other in the High Cascades mountains of Oregon. We use both empirical analysis of streamflow data and physically based, spatially distributed modeling to disentangle the relative importance of multiple and interacting controls. In particular, we explore the extent to which differences in snow accumulation and melt and drainage characteristics (deep ground water vs. shallow subsurface) mediate the effect of climate change. Results show that within the Cascade Range, local variations in bedrock geology and concomitant differences in volume and seasonal fluxes of subsurface water will likely result in significant spatial variability in responses to climate forcing. Specifically, watersheds dominated by High Cascade geology will show greater absolute reductions in summer streamflow with predicted temperature increases. C1 [Tague, Christina; Choate, Janet] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Grant, Gordon] USDA, US Forest Serv, Corvallis, OR USA. [Farrell, Mike] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Jefferson, Anne] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Tague, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM ctague@bren.ucsb.edu RI Jefferson, Anne/K-1185-2012 OI Jefferson, Anne/0000-0002-0585-9602 NR 46 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 5 U2 37 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD JAN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 1-2 BP 189 EP 210 DI 10.1007/s10584-007-9294-8 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 243TZ UT WOS:000251821500014 ER PT J AU Kabagambe, EK Tsai, MY Hopkins, PN Ordovas, JM Peacock, JM Borecki, IB Arnett, DK AF Kabagambe, Edmond K. Tsai, Michael Y. Hopkins, Paul N. Ordovas, Jose M. Peacock, James M. Borecki, Ingrid B. Arnett, Donna K. TI Erythrocyte fatty acid composition and the metabolic syndrome: A national heart, lung, and blood institute GOLDN study SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; DIETARY-FAT; INDIAN ASIANS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; INSULIN SENSITIVITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; PLASMA-LIPIDS; SERUM-LIPIDS; DISEASE; RISK AB BACKGROUND: Different fatty acids may vary in their effect on the metabolic syndrome (MetS). We tested whether fatty acid classes measured in erythrocytes are associated with the MetS or its components. METHODS: Included were men [n = 497; mean (SD) age, 49 (16) years] and women [n = 539; age, 48 (16) years] from 187 families in a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) family study of the Genetics of Lipid-Lowering Drugs and Diet Network (GOLDN) conducted in Utah and Minnesota. We used gas chromatography to measure erythrocyte fatty acids and obtained data on potential confounding variables from interviewer- administered questionnaires. RESULTS: The prevalence of the MetS as defined by the updated Adult Treatment Panel III criteria was 36.8% in Utah and 39.6% in Minnesota (P >0.05). In a multivariate model that included 4 fatty acid classes, covariates, and pedigree as a random effect, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the MetS in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th quartile of polyunsaturated fatty acids were 1.00, 0.72 (0.47-1.10), 0.67 (0.43-1.05), and 0.39 (0.24-0.64), respectively (P for trend = 0.0002). For the corresponding quartiles of saturated fatty acids, the odds ratios were 1.00, 1. 19 (0.77-1.84), 1.48 (0.94 -2.34), and 1.63 (1.01-2.63), respectively (P for trend = 0.03). Unlike n6 fatty acids, which showed an inverse association (P <0.05) with MetS, n3, trans, and mono-unsaturated fatty acids were not associated with the MetS (P >0.05). We observed significant correlations (P <0.05) between fatty acid classes, insulin, and components of the MetS. CONCLUSIONS: Polyunsaturated fats are inversely associated with the MetS, whereas saturated fatty acids are positively associated with the MetS, probably through their effect on lipids, adiposity, insulin, and blood pressure. (c) 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry. C1 [Kabagambe, Edmond K.; Arnett, Donna K.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hopkins, Paul N.] Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Peacock, James M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Borecki, Ingrid B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Div Stat Genom, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. RP Kabagambe, EK (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM edmondk@uab.edu OI Kabagambe, Edmond/0000-0002-8993-3186; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [U01 HL 072524-04] NR 40 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 154 EP 162 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2007.095059 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 250JJ UT WOS:000252295600024 PM 17998266 ER PT J AU Frankman, D Webb, BW Butler, BW AF Frankman, D. Webb, B. W. Butler, B. W. TI Influence of absorption by environmental water vapor on radiation transfer in wildand fires SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental water vapor; radiation absorption; wildland fires ID FUEL BEDS; MODEL; SPREAD AB The attenuation of radiation transfer from wildland flames to fuel by environmental water vapor is investigated. Emission is tracked from points on an idealized flame to locations along the fuel bed while accounting for absorption by environmental water vapor in the intervening medium. The Spectral Line Weighted-sum-of-gray-gases approach was employed for treating the spectral nature of the radiation. The flame and fuel bed for the simulations are modeled two-dimensionally with the flame being one-tenth as long as the fuel bed. Flame heights of 1 and 10 m were explored, and both vertical and angled flames were studied. Simulated flame temperatures of 1000 K and 1500 K were investigated. The study reveals that the effect of absorption of flame radiation by environmental water vapor is quite modest locally. For the worst-case scenario of 100% relative humidity, water vapor was found to reduce the incident radiant flux at the base of a vertically oriented flame at 1000 K flame by 9% for a 1 m flame and 16% for a 10 m flame. Radiation from the angled flame (30 deg from the vertical) experiences less attenuation from water vapor than the vertical flame. Further, local attenuation of the hotter flame (1500 K) from environmental water vapor is higher than for the 1000 K flame. The relative effect of the water vapor attenuation increases with distance from the flame base. C1 [Frankman, D.; Webb, B. W.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Butler, B. W.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Webb, BW (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. EM webb@byu.edu NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 180 IS 3 BP 509 EP 518 DI 10.1080/00102200701741400 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 254JM UT WOS:000252582900007 ER PT J AU Tachajapong, W Lozano, J Mahalingam, S Zhou, XY Weise, DR AF Tachajapong, Watcharapong Lozano, Jesse Mahalingam, Shankar Zhou, Xiangyang Weise, David R. TI An investigation of crown fuel bulk density effects on the dynamics of crown fire initiation in shrublands SO COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE crown fire; LES; transition ID SPREADING SURFACE FIRE; IGNITION; MODEL; CALIFORNIA; BEHAVIOR; STANDS AB Crown fire initiation is studied by using a simple experimental and detailed physical modeling based on Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Experiments conducted thus far reveal that crown fuel ignition via surface fire occurs when the crown base is within the continuous flame region and does not occur when the crown base is located in the hot plume gas region of the surface fire. Accordingly, the focus in this article is on crown fuel ignition when the crown base is situated within the intermittent flame region. In this region, the flame shape and height changes with time over the course of pulsation. This causes the flame to impinge on the crown fuel base and the hot gas is forced through the crown fuel matrix. Under certain conditions, it is observed that the crown fuel bulk density affects the impingement of flame and the ignition of crown fire. The crown fuel properties used were estimated for live chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum) with a fuel moisture content of 44% ( dry basis). As the crown fuel bulk density is increased from 0.75 kg . m(-3) to 1.75 kg . m(-3), it is observed that the average hot gas velocity inside the crown matrix decreases from 0.70m . s(-1) to 0.52m . s(-1), thus, resulting in less entrained air passing through the crown fuel and more energy accumulation inside the crown fuel matrix. Higher bulk density also influences the surface fire. As the hot gas flows into the crown fuel matrix is retarded, the average hot gas temperature at the crown fuel base increases from 768K to 1,205 K. This is because the mixing rate of air and combustible gas around the base of crown fuel increases. Although higher fuel bulk density means more fuel must be heated, the increase in accumulated energy per unit volume within the crown fuel matrix is higher than the additional heat needed by the fuel. Thus, the average crown fuel temperature increases and ignition occurs at higher bulk density. C1 [Tachajapong, Watcharapong; Lozano, Jesse; Mahalingam, Shankar; Zhou, Xiangyang] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Weise, David R.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Fire Lab, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Tachajapong, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Mech Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM wtachaja@engr.ucr.edu RI Mahalingam, Shankar/K-6746-2015; OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-2202 J9 COMBUST SCI TECHNOL JI Combust. Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 180 IS 4 BP 593 EP 615 DI 10.1080/00102200701838800 PG 23 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 313VP UT WOS:000256768400002 ER PT J AU Schmidt, JP Lin, H AF Schmidt, John P. Lin, Henry TI Water and bromide recovery in wick and pan lysimeters under conventional and zero tillage SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE pan lysimeters; preferential flow; tillage; wick lysimeters ID COLLECTION EFFICIENCY; TENSION PAN; MOVEMENT; TRANSPORT; TRACER AB Quantifying in situ solute transport through soils and the landscape has been widely acknowledged as important and yet challenging. The objective of this study was to evaluate water and bromide movement in no-tilled (NT) and conventionally tilled (CT) corn using two different types of in situ lysimeters-pan and capillary wick-for single rainfall events. Four zero-tension pan and four capillary-wick lysimeters were installed 1.2 m deep on opposite sides of four soil pits. Two were under NT corn, and two were under CT corn. Bromide (Br) was either surface applied or applied with an initial 25 to 27 mm of irrigation (33 to 34 g Br m 2). A total of 120 to 147 mm of irrigation was applied continuously at 8.8 mm h(-1). Leachate was collected on 15 min intervals for 24 h and on greater intervals for up to 350 h. Lysimeter discharge and Br concentration were determined for each interval. After drainage began and until rainfall was discontinued, the water drainage rate was, on average, greater in NT (7.2 mm h(-1)) than in CT (5.6 mm h(-1)) based on results from the pan lysimeters. By contrast, the water drainage rate for the wick lysimeters was, on average, greater in CT (7.3 turn h(-1)) than in NT (3.0 mm h(-1)). The wick lysimeter appears to have behaved as a sink under the CT conditions, likely representing water flow in smaller channels. Under NT conditions, greater discharge observed with the pan lysimeter implicates the response from larger channels as the conduit for water flow. Flow-weighted mean Br concentration was less when Br was applied on the soil surface (17.9 mg L-1) than when Br was applied with the irrigation water (50.6 mg L-1). Implications from preferential flow studies are often determined based on a single method of evaluation for solute transport, which are likely subject to the limitation of the method used. This study illustrates that contrary to the conventional understanding about preferential flow in NT, water flow and Br transport to the 1.2-m depth was as great as or greater with CT than with NT based on the results from the wick lysimeters for single rainfall events. C1 [Schmidt, John P.] USDA ARS, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Schmidt, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM john.schmidt@ars.usda.gov RI Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 39 IS 1-2 BP 108 EP 123 DI 10.1080/00103620701759053 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 255OK UT WOS:000252667100008 ER PT J AU Griffin, TS Honeycutt, CW Albrecht, SL Sistani, KR Torbert, HA Wienhold, BJ Woodbury, BL Hubbard, RK Powei, JM AF Griffin, T. S. Honeycutt, C. W. Albrecht, S. L. Sistani, K. R. Torbert, H. A. Wienhold, B. J. Woodbury, B. L. Hubbard, R. K. Powei, J. M. TI Nationally coordinated evaluation of soil nitrogen mineralization rate using a standardized aerobic incubation protocol SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE mineralization; nitrogen; soil organic matter ID N MINERALIZATION; EXPONENTIAL MODEL; ORGANIC NITROGEN; TEMPERATURE; AVAILABILITY; MANURE; NITRIFICATION; RESIDUES; MOISTURE; INDEXES AB Aerobic incubation methods have been widely used to assess soil nitrogen (N) mineralization, but standardized protocols are lacking. A single silt loam soil (Catlin silt loam; fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic, Oxyaquic Arguidoll) was subjected to aerobic incubation at six USDA-ARS locations using a standardized protocol. Incubations were conducted at multiple temperatures, which were combined based on degree days (DD). Soil water was maintained at 60% water-filled pore space (WFPS; constant) or allowed to fluctuate between 60 and 30% WFPS (cycle). Soil subsamples were removed periodically and extracted in 2M potassium chloride (KCl); nitrate (NO3) and ammonium (NH4) concentrations in extracts were determined colorimetrically. For each location, the rate of soil organic-matter N (SOMN) mineralization was estimated by regressing soil inorganic N (N-i) concentration on DD, using a linear (zero-order) model. When all data were included, the mineralization rate from four datasets was not statistically different, with a rate equivalent to 0.5 mg N kg(-1) soil day(-1). Soil incubated at two locations exhibited significantly higher SOMN mineralization rates. To assess whether this may have been due to pre-incubation conditions, time-zero data were excluded and regression analysis was conducted again. Using this data subset, SOMN mineralization from five (of six) datasets was not significantly different. Fluctuating soil water reduced N-mineralization rate at two (of four) locations by an average of 50%; fluctuating soil water content also substantially increased variability. This composite dataset demonstrates that standardization of aerobic incubation methodology is possible. C1 [Griffin, T. S.; Honeycutt, C. W.] USDA ARS, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Albrecht, S. L.] USDA ARS, Pendleton, OR USA. [Sistani, K. R.] USDA ARS, Bowling Green, KY USA. [Torbert, H. A.] USDA ARS, Auburn, AL USA. [Wienhold, B. J.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Woodbury, B. L.] USDA ARS, Clay Ctr, NE USA. [Hubbard, R. K.] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Powei, J. M.] USDA ARS, Madison, WI USA. RP Griffin, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM tim.griffin@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 5 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 39 IS 1-2 BP 257 EP 268 DI 10.1080/00103620701759285 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 255OK UT WOS:000252667100020 ER PT J AU Ashworth, DJ Alloway, BJ AF Ashworth, D. J. Alloway, B. J. TI Influence of dissolved organic matter on the solubility of heavy metals in sewage-sludge-amended soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE DOC; DOM; organo-metals; solid-solution partitioning; sorption ID COPPER; NICKEL; ZINC; CADMIUM; CARBON; BIOSOLIDS; MOVEMENT; MOBILITY; SORPTION; COMPOST AB Sewage-sludge-amended soils generally contain elevated levels of organic matter and heavy metals compared to control soils. Because organic matter is known to complex with heavy metals, the solubility behavior of the organic matter in such soils may exert a significant influence on the solubility of the metals. Little is known about such a process. Using batch experiments in which the solubility of organic matter in a heavily sludge-amended soil was artificially manipulated, we show that the solubilities of the heavy metals copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) show a strong positive relationship to the solubility of organic matter, particularly at high pH. The results suggest that under field conditions, spatiotemporal variations in the solid-solution partitioning of organic matter may have a bearing on the environmental significance (mobility and bioavailability) of these heavy metals. C1 [Ashworth, D. J.; Alloway, B. J.] Univ Reading, Dept Soil Sci, Reading, Berks, England. RP Ashworth, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM daniel.ashworth@ars.usda.gov RI Ashworth, Daniel/A-9701-2008 NR 25 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 8 U2 46 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 3-4 BP 538 EP 550 DI 10.1080/00103620701826787 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 261RA UT WOS:000253096500017 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S Scalera, E Adamo, P AF Goldberg, Sabine Scalera, Emiliano Adamo, Paola TI Molybdenum adsorption by volcanic italian soils SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE andisols; constant capacitance model; molybdate; sulfate ID MOLYBDATE ADSORPTION; MODEL; SORPTION; BIOSOLIDS; MINERALS; OXIDES AB Molybdenum (Mo) adsorption was investigated on five soils from the Gauro and Roccamonfina volcanoes of Campania, a southern Italian volcanic region. The soils were characterized by different degrees of development. Molybdenum adsorption exhibited a maximum near pH 4-5 and decreased with increasing pH above 5. The constant capacitance model was able to fit Mo adsorption on the soils as a function of pH. A general regression model was used to predict a Mo surface complexation constant from routinely measured soil chemical parameters. The predicted Mo constant was used to predict adsorption on the soils, thereby providing a completely independent evaluation of the ability of the model to describe Mo adsorption. The prediction equation, developed from a set of soils primarily from California, was able to predict Mo adsorption on four out of five soils from Italy, suggesting wide applicability for describing Mo adsorption by soils of diverse mineralogy and parent material. C1 [Goldberg, Sabine] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Scalera, Emiliano; Adamo, Paola] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dept Soil Plant & Environm Sci, Naples, Italy. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM sabine.goldberg@ussl.ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 5-6 BP 693 EP 706 DI 10.1080/00103620701879281 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 267KV UT WOS:000253508800006 ER PT J AU He, ZQ Tazisong, IA Senwo, ZN Zhang, DL AF He, Zhongqi Tazisong, Irenus A. Senwo, Zachary N. Zhang, Donglin TI Soil properties and macro cations status impacted by long-term applied poultry litter SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE calcium; magnesium; pasture soils; poultry litter; soil pH ID CATTLE FEEDLOT MANURE; BROILER LITTER; LAND APPLICATION; PHOSPHORUS; FERTILIZER; CORN; HYDROLYSIS; MANAGEMENT; CHEMISTRY; DISPOSAL AB Most ethnic populations worldwide consume poultry products. Whereas poultry litter (PL) is a traditionally inexpensive and effective fertilizer to improve soil quality and agricultural productivity, overapplication to soils has raised concerns because excess nutrients in runoff could accelerate the eutrophication of fresh bodies of water. A long-term field experiment of land application of PL to soils used for pasture growth has been maintained for nearly two decades in the Sand Mountain region of north Alabama, USA. In this work, several soil parameters impacted by the long-term applied litter were characterized. The findings clearly support previous general observations that long-term applied litter on pasture soils altered soil properties and macrocation levels. Unlike other studies, however, the effects of applied litter at multiple rates and years were examined, thus revealing the dynamic impacts on soil properties. Hay yields increased with the increase of years of PL application, regardless of the applied rate. This observation was consistent with previous observations that the labile phosphorus (P) portion in these soils increases with application years whereas total P increases with the cumulative applied PL amounts. Poultry litter application did not markedly affect soil electric conductivity, bulk density, or sodium (Na) or potassium (K) levels, especially at the soil surface (0-20cm). Soil pH, carbon (C), C/nitrogen (N) ratio, calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg) were profoundly affected at all three soil depths (0-20, 20-40, and 40-60cm). Most soil parameters analyzed in this study reached peak values with 10-15 years of applied litter. This observation suggests that there was a turning point of impact for applied litter around 10 years: prior to that the soil macrocations were altered positively as a result of accumulative functions. Continuous litter application may negatively alter a soil's capacity to retain macrocations, leading to less impact observed in this study. In other words, pasture soils with more than 10 years of applied litter would have higher potential for leaching and runoff. Our observation suggested that best management practices for land application of PL should take into consideration the different effects of PL application history. C1 [He, Zhongqi] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Tazisong, Irenus A.; Senwo, Zachary N.] Alabama A&M Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Zhang, Donglin] Univ Maine, Dept Plant Soil & Environm Sci, Orono, ME USA. [Zhang, Donglin] Cent S Forestry Univ, Coll Resource & Environm, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. RP He, ZQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM zhongqi.he@ars.usda.gov OI He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 5-6 BP 858 EP 872 DI 10.1080/00103620701880925 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 267KV UT WOS:000253508800019 ER PT J AU Mendoza, RB Franti, TG Doran, JW Powers, TO Zanner, CW AF Mendoza, R. B. Franti, T. G. Doran, J. W. Powers, T. O. Zanner, C. W. TI Tillage effects on soil quality indicators and nematode abundance in loessial soil under long-term no-till production SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE loess; nematode abundance; no-till; soil quality; tillage AB Soil quality indicators and nematode abundance were characterized in a loessial soil under long-term conservation tillage to evaluate the effects of no-till, double-disk, chisel, and moldboard plow treatments. Indicators included soil electrical conductivity (EC), soil texture, soil organic matter (SOM), and total particulate organic matter (tPOM). Nematode abundance was positively correlated with EC, silt content, and total POM and negatively correlated with clay content. Clay content was the main source of variation among soil quality indicators and was negatively correlated with nematode abundance and most indicators. The gain in SOM in the no-till system amounted to 10887kg over the 24 years or 454kgha(-1)year(-1), about half of this difference (45%) resulting from soil erosion in plowed soils. The balance of gain in SOM with no till (249kgha(-1) year(-1)) was due to SOM sequestration with no till. No-till management reduced soil erosion, increased SOM, and enhanced soil physical characteristics. C1 [Franti, T. G.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Mendoza, R. B.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Doran, J. W.] Univ Nebraska, Soil Water Conservat Res Unit, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Powers, T. O.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Zanner, C. W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Franti, TG (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, 242 LW Chase Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM tfranti@unl.edu NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 13-14 BP 2169 EP 2190 DI 10.1080/00103620802135492 PG 22 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 320VK UT WOS:000257263000018 ER PT J AU Vieira, FCB He, ZL Bayer, C Stoffella, PJ Baligar, VC AF Vieira, Frederico C. B. He, Zhenli L. Bayer, Cimelio Stoffella, Peter J. Baligar, Virupax C. TI Organic Amendment Effects on the Transformation and Fractionation of Aluminum in Acidic Sandy Soil SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Aluminum fractionation; compost; sequential extraction; single extraction ID FOREST SOILS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; EXTRACTION; COMPOST; SPECIATION; FE; AL AB Addition of organic amendments can alleviate the level of aluminum (Al) phytotoxicity in acid soils by affecting the nature and quantity of Al species. This study evaluated the transformation of Al in an acidic sandy Alaquod soil amended with composts (10 and 50 g kg(-1) soil of yard waste, yard + municipal waste, GreenEdge (R), and synthetic humic acid) based on soil Al fractionation by single and sequential extractions. Though the organic compost amendments increased total Al in soil, they alleviated Al potential toxicity in acidic soil by increasing soil pH and converting exchangeable Al to organically bound and other noncrystalline fractions, stressing the benefits of amending composts to improve acid soil fertility. The single-extraction method appears to be more reliable for exchangeable Al than sequential extraction because of the use of nonbuffered pII extract solution. C1 [Vieira, Frederico C. B.; He, Zhenli L.; Stoffella, Peter J.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Vieira, Frederico C. B.; Bayer, Cimelio] Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Dept Soil Sci, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. [Baligar, Virupax C.] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Perennial Crop Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD USA. RP He, ZL (reprint author), Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, 2199 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM zhe@ufl.edu RI Vieira, Frederico/A-9728-2014; Bayer, Cimelio/O-9385-2015; He, Zhenli/R-1494-2016; OI Bayer, Cimelio/0000-0001-8553-7330; He, Zhenli/0000-0001-7761-2070; Vieira, Frederico/0000-0001-5565-7593 FU University of Florida, National Council of Research and Development, Brazil (CNPq); Fapergs-PRONEX [473806/2004-5] FX The authors are thankful to Dr. Dolen Morris for the dissolved organic carbon analysis and to Mr. Douglas J. Banks for his assistance in chemical analysis. Authors also thank CNPq (National Council of Research and Development), Brazil, for the fellowships awarded to the authors F. C. B. V. and C. B. This work was financed by the University of Florida, National Council of Research and Development, Brazil (CNPq), and Fapergs-PRONEX Project Number 473806/2004-5. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 17-18 BP 2678 EP 2694 DI 10.1080/00103620802358813 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BQ UT WOS:000261017700013 ER PT J AU Haney, RL Brinton, WH Evans, E AF Haney, R. L. Brinton, W. H. Evans, Eric TI Estimating Soil Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Mineralization from Short-Term Carbon Dioxide Respiration SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE CO2 evolution; soil microbial activity; soil testing; water extractable C ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; N MINERALIZATION; ORGANIC-MATTER; DRY SOIL; DECOMPOSITION; NITRATE AB The measurement of soil carbon dioxide (CO2) respiration is a means to gauge biological soil fertility. Test methods for respiration employed in the laboratory vary somewhat, and to date the equipment and labor required have limited more widespread adoption of such methodologies. A new method to measure soil respiration was tested along with the traditional alkali trap and titration method. The new method involves the Solvita gel system, which was originally designed for CO2 respiration from compost but has been applied in this research to soils with treatments of increasing dairy manure compost. The objectives of this research are to (1) examine the relationship between the CO2 release after 1 day of incubation from soils amended with dairy manure compost that have been dried and rewetted as determined using the titration method and the Solvita gel system, and (2) compare water-soluble organic nitrogen (N), as well as carbon (C), N, and phosphorus (P) mineralization after 28 days of incubation with 1-day CO2 release from the titration method and Solvita gel system. One-day CO2 from both titration and the Solvita gel system were highly correlated with cumulative 28-day CO2 as well as the basal rate from 7-28 days of incubation. Both methods were also highly correlated with 28-day N and P mineralization as well as the initial water-extractable organic N and C concentration. The data suggest that the Solvita gel system for soil CO2 analysis could be a simple and easily used method to quantify soil microbial activity and possibly provide an estimate of potential mineralizable N and P. Once standardized soil sampling and laboratory analysis protocols are established, the Solvita method could be easily adapted to commercial soil testing laboratories as an index of soil microbial activity. C1 [Haney, R. L.] ARS, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Brinton, W. H.; Evans, Eric] Wood End Labs Inc, Mt Vernon, ME USA. RP Haney, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM rhaney@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 10 U2 69 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 17-18 BP 2706 EP 2720 DI 10.1080/00103620802358862 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BQ UT WOS:000261017700015 ER PT J AU Frantz, JM Locke, JC Datnoff, L Omer, M Widrig, A Sturtz, D Horst, L Krause, CR AF Frantz, Jonathan M. Locke, James C. Datnoff, Lawrence Omer, Medani Widrig, Ann Sturtz, Douglas Horst, Leona Krause, Charles R. TI Detection, Distribution, and Quantification of Silicon in Floricultural Crops utilizing Three Distinct Analytical Methods SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Colorimetry; EBA; ICP-OES; plant tissue analysis; SEM; silicon ID POWDERY MILDEW DEVELOPMENT; SOLUBLE SILICON; MECHANISM; LEAVES; PLANTS; RICE; ACCUMULATION; TOLERANCE; TOXICITY; ALUMINUM AB Silicon (Si) detection, distribution, and quantification in plants was compared using electron beam analysis (EBA; scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis), colorimetric analysis, and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) in 14 economically important floriculture species. Using EBA, Si was identified most commonly around the base of trichomes and along the leaf margins. The ICP-OES processing and analysis for Si using sodium hydroxide ( NaOH) resulted in damaged torches and microwavable Teflon (R) vessels that required expensive replacement at the end of each run, but this was not the case in the colorimetric method or with a potassium hydroxide (KOH)-based matrix in the ICP-OES. The results of these analyses suggest there is agreement between quantification methods, and EBA has a lower detection limit of about 300 mg kg(-1) dry weight of Si. Several new floriculture species (zinnia, impatiens, verbena, and calibrachoa) were identified that take up and accumulate Si in significant concentrations. C1 [Frantz, Jonathan M.; Locke, James C.; Omer, Medani; Widrig, Ann; Sturtz, Douglas] USDA ARS, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Datnoff, Lawrence] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Horst, Leona; Krause, Charles R.] ARS, USDA, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Frantz, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, 2801 W Bancroft,Mail Stop 604, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM jonathan.frantz@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 17-18 BP 2734 EP 2751 DI 10.1080/00103620802358912 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BQ UT WOS:000261017700017 ER PT J AU Bayley, RM Ippolito, JA Stromberger, ME Barbarick, KA Paschke, MW AF Bayley, Robin M. Ippolito, James A. Stromberger, Mary E. Barbarick, Kenneth A. Paschke, Mark W. TI Water Treatment Residuals and Biosolids Co-applications Affect Phosphatases in a Semi-arid Rangeland Soil SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Acid phosphomonoesterase; phosphodiesterase; phytase; pyrophosphatase; water treatment residuals ID ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; PHOSPHODIESTERASE; PHOSPHOMONOESTERASE; PYROPHOSPHATASE; ALUMINUM; ACID; RHIZOSPHERE; ACTIVATION; GRASSLAND; STABILITY AB Co-application of biosolids and water treatment residuals (WTR) land has not been extensively studied but may be beneficial by sorbing excess biosolid-borne or soil phosphorus (P) onto WTR, reducing the likelihood of off-site movement. Reduction of excess soil P may affect the role of specific P-cleaving enzymes. The research objective was to understand the long-term effects of single co-applications and the short-term impacts of repeated co-applications on soil acid phosphomonoesterase, phosphodiesterase, pyrophosphatase, and phytase enzyme activities. Test plots were 7.5 15m with treatments consisting of three different WTR rates with a single biosolids rate (5, 10, and 21Mg WTR ha-1; 10Mg biosolids ha-1) surface co-applied once in 1991 or reapplied in 2002. Control plots consisted of those that received no WTR-biosolids co-applications and plots that received only 10Mg biosolids ha-1. Plots were sampled to a 5-cm depth in 2003 and 2004, and soil phosphatases and phytase enzyme activities were measured. Soil phosphodiesterase activity decreased in WTR-amended plots, and pyrophosphatase activity decreased with increasing WTR application rates. In contrast, acid phosphatase and phytase activity increased with WTR addition, with WTR application possibly triggering a deficiency response causing microorganisms or plants to secrete these enzymes. Biosolids and WTR co-applications may affect enzymatic strategies for P mineralization in this study site. Reductions in phosphodiesterase activity suggest less P mineralization from biomass sources, including nucleic acids and phospholipids. Increased acid phosphatase and phytase activities indicate that ester-P and inositol-P may be important plant-available P sources in soils amended with WTR. C1 [Ippolito, James A.] ARS, USDA, NWISRL, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Bayley, Robin M.] NRCS, USDA, Wheatland, WY USA. [Stromberger, Mary E.; Barbarick, Kenneth A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Paschke, Mark W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Ippolito, JA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NWISRL, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM jim.ippolito@ars.usda.gov RI Barbarick, Kenneth/B-7974-2013; Stromberger, Mary/C-3070-2013; Paschke, Mark/E-3799-2013 OI Barbarick, Kenneth/0000-0002-8779-0740; Stromberger, Mary/0000-0002-5862-2932; Paschke, Mark/0000-0002-6345-5905 FU Colorado State University; Awwa Research Foundation [02995] FX The Colorado State University gratefully acknowledges the Awwa Research Foundation ( grant # 02995) for its financial, technical, and administrative assistance in funding and managing the project through which this information was discovered. NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 19-20 BP 2812 EP 2826 AR PII 905628763 DI 10.1080/00103620802432733 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BS UT WOS:000261017900003 ER PT J AU Schroeder, PD Kovar, JL AF Schroeder, Philip D. Kovar, John L. TI Comparison of the Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics of a Conservation Reserve Buffer and an Adjacent Crop Field SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Conservation buffers; phosphorus; surface runoff ID SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; RUNOFF; STRIPS; DESORPTION; REDUCTION; TRANSPORT; RELEASE; GRASS; LAND AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) was established by the Food Security Act of 1985. Since its inception, thousands of acres of cropland in stream riparian zones have been converted to conservation buffers through the planting of trees and native grasses. The objectives of this study were to determine the phosphorus (P)-sorption characteristics of the surface soil in a 13-year-old CRP buffer and an adjacent continuously cropped production area from which the buffer was created and to assess differences in P-sorption maxima and P-buffering capacity between the sites. Phosphorus sorption was modeled with both the simple Langmuir and the two-surface Langmuir equations. There were significant differences in all P-sorption parameters between the cropped area and the buffer over most of the depth increments studied. The cropped area soil had higher sorption max (Smax), binding energy (k), and P equilibrium buffering capacity (PEBC) than the buffer soil. However, the buffer had higher equilibrium P concentration (EPC). These findings imply that it may not be appropriate to assume that a buffer will act as a P sink simply because it is not receiving P fertilization. Any assessment of buffer or filter strip effectiveness for P retention should include an examination of the P-sorption properties of the soils present. C1 [Schroeder, Philip D.] Cameron Univ, Dept Agr, Lawton, OK 73505 USA. [Kovar, John L.] ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Schroeder, PD (reprint author), Cameron Univ, Dept Agr, Lawton, OK 73505 USA. EM pschroeder@cameron.edu NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 19-20 BP 2961 EP 2970 AR PII 905628723 DI 10.1080/00103620802432865 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BS UT WOS:000261017900013 ER PT J AU Torbert, HA Gerik, TJ Harman, WL Williams, JR Magre, M AF Torbert, H. Allen Gerik, Thomas J. Harman, Wyatte L. Williams, Jimmy R. Magre, Melanie TI EPIC Evaluation of the Impact of Poultry Litter Application Timing on Nutrient Losses SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE EPIC model; nitrogen; phosphorus; poultry litter; runoff water quality ID AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; RUNOFF; EUTROPHICATION; QUALITY; SOILS AB Recently, changes in the utilization practices of animal manures for fertilization have been encouraged to reduce the potential of nonpoint pollution of lakes and streams from agricultural land. However, the potential impact of changing some of these practices has not been fully studied. The objective of this study was to examine the potential impact of limiting poultry litter application times on nutrient movement important to water quality. The WinEPIC model was used to simulate poultry litter applications during the winter months and chemical fertilizer application, with both cool season and warm season grass pastures on the major soil regions of Alabama. With the warm season grass, soluble nitrogen (N) losses could be reduced if the application of poultry litter was made after 30 December. With the cool season grasses, there was no significant difference in application dates for poultry litter for soluble N losses for any soil region, and no improvement could be noted for limiting applications in northern Alabama compared to southern Alabama. No significant difference was observed for soluble phosphorus (P) losses for application date for either warm season or cool season grass pastures. This indicates that factors other than plant P uptake during the growing season were the dominant regulators of the amount of soluble P lost in runoff. Also, the results would indicate that best management practices such as are administered with the P index are more important than plant growth factors in determining N and P losses to the environment. C1 [Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Gerik, Thomas J.; Harman, Wyatte L.; Williams, Jimmy R.; Magre, Melanie] Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Temple, TX USA. RP Torbert, HA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 19-20 BP 3002 EP 3031 AR PII 905631101 DI 10.1080/00103620802432899 PG 30 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BS UT WOS:000261017900016 ER PT J AU Hoagland, RE Weaver, MA Boyette, CD AF Hoagland, Robert E. Weaver, Mark A. Boyette, C. Douglas TI Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Detection of Trichothecenes Produced by the Bioherbicide Myrothecium verrucaria in Cell Cultures, Extracts, and Plant Tissues SO COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Bioherbicide; biological weed control; ELISA; hemp sesbania; kudzu; mycoherbicide; mycotoxin; trichothecene ID MYCOTOXINS; DEOXYNIVALENOL; NIVALENOL; PHYTOTOXICITY; IMMUNOASSAYS; ENVIRONMENT; VIRULENCE; FUSARIUM; CEREALS; ISOLATE AB A rapid technique for trichothecene detection was needed in screening tests of the potential bioherbicide Myrothecium verrucaria (MV), in order to select strains, mutants, or formulations that were void of or that possessed low amounts of these undesirable mycotoxin compounds. Commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) plates for trichothecene detection, possessing cross-reactivity with several trichothecene mycotoxins (e.g., verrucarin A, and J, roridin A, L-2, E, and H), were tested for their ability to detect trichothecenes produced by a strain of Myrothecium verrucaria (MV) in cell cultures, in plant tissues (hemp sesbania and kudzu) treated with purified roridin A, or ethyl acetate fractions of MV cultures. Evaluations of ELISA assays showed linear responses for standards of verrucarin A and roridin A over a concentration range of 0.2 to 20ppb. Ethyl acetate or aqueous extractions were used to obtain samples from MV cultures and plant tissues for testing. Trichothecenes were detected in conidia and mycelia of MV, and in agar upon which wild-type MV was grown, indicating secretion into the growth media. Two MV sectors (morphological variants of wild type) also tested positive for trichothecenes. Purified roridin A and concentrated extracts containing trichothecenes from MV spore cultures exhibited phytotoxicity (growth inhibition or necrosis) when applied to excised shoots of hemp sesbania seedlings and intact kudzu leaf tissues. Evidence of some translocation of trichothecenes from the application point in kudzu was found, but translocation to the upper shoot portion of hemp sesbania was not detected at the lowest limit of detection in this assay (0.14ppb). This assay is also being employed to identify induced mutants and/or other naturally occurring sectors deficient in trichothecene mycotoxin production. Results indicated that ELISA is a sensitive and rapid assay method to quantify trichothecenes produced by this bioherbicidal fungus and in certain plant tissues treated with trichothecenes. C1 [Hoagland, Robert E.; Weaver, Mark A.; Boyette, C. Douglas] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hoagland, RE (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, POB 350, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bob.hoagland@ars.usda.gov OI Weaver, Mark/0000-0001-9020-7264 NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0010-3624 J9 COMMUN SOIL SCI PLAN JI Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. PY 2008 VL 39 IS 19-20 BP 3057 EP 3073 AR PII 905633395 DI 10.1080/00103620802432923 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Analytical; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Chemistry GA 374BS UT WOS:000261017900019 ER PT J AU Lynn, SG Birge, WJ Shepherd, BS AF Lynn, Scott G. Birge, Wesley J. Shepherd, Brian S. TI Molecular characterization and sex-specific tissue expression of estrogen receptor alpha (esr1), estrogen receptor beta a (esr2a) and ovarian aromatase (cyp19a1a) in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cloning; fish; hormone; phylogenetic tree; steroid ID CROAKER MICROPOGONIAS-UNDULATUS; HALIBUT HIPPOGLOSSUS-HIPPOGLOSSUS; ZEBRAFISH INFORMATION NETWORK; TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS-NILOTICUS; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; MODEL ORGANISM DATABASE; P450AROM MESSENGER-RNA; TIME PCR ANALYSIS; LIGAND-BINDING; RAINBOW-TROUT AB Yellow perch (Perca flavescens) exhibits an estrogen-stimulated sexual size dimorphism (SSD) wherein females grow faster and larger than males. To aid in the examination of this phenomenon, the cDNA sequences encoding estrogen receptor-alpha (esr1), estrogen receptor-beta a (esr2a) and ovarian aromatase (cyp19a1a) for the teleost yellow perch were obtained. Several tissues were analyzed from both male and female adult yellow perch for sex-specific tissue expression. The full length cDNAs of yellow perch esr1, esr2a and cyp19a1a consist of 3052 bp, 2462 bp and 1859 bp with open reading frames encoding putative proteins of 576 amino acids, 555 amino acids and 518 amino acids, respectively. Esr1 and esr2a expression was highest in female ovary and liver tissues with low to moderate expression in other tissues. Esr2a showed a more global tissue expression pattern than esr1, particularly in males but also in females. Cyp19a1a expression was highest in both male and female spleen tissue and oocytes with moderate expression in male pituitary and gill tissue. Cyp19a1a expression was moderately high in female liver tissue with undetectable expression in male liver tissue, suggesting its involvement in sexually dimorphic growth. These sequences are valuable molecular tools that can be used in future studies investigating estrogen mechanisms and actions, such as SSD, in yellow perch. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lynn, Scott G.; Birge, Wesley J.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biol, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Shepherd, Brian S.] USDA ARS, Great Lakes WATER Inst, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA. RP Lynn, SG (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, 224 Biochem Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM sglynn@msu.edu NR 67 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1096-4959 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS B JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B-Biochem. Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 149 IS 1 BP 126 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.cbpb.2007.09.001 PG 22 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Zoology GA 277NI UT WOS:000254219600014 PM 17988912 ER PT J AU Masler, EP Zasada, IA Sardanell, S AF Masler, Edward P. Zasada, Inga A. Sardanell, Sandra TI Hatching behavior in Heterodera glycines in response to low temperature SO COMPARATIVE PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE developmental arrest; hatching; Heterodera glycines; low-temperature effect; plant parasite; soybean cyst nematode ID MELOIDOGYNE-INCOGNITA; NEMATODE; DORMANCY; DIAPAUSE; SOIL AB Heterodera glycines eggs were exposed to low temperature (5 degrees C) in the dark for various periods, and the effects of these treatments on hatching at 27 degrees C were assessed. Low-temperature treatments caused a significant decrease in total percent egg hatch relative to untreated controls, but did not affect either the timing of egg hatch or the qualitative aspects of the hatch curve. Hatch curves comprised 3 distinct phases: hatch initiation (I), linear increase (II), and hatch rate decline (III). Hatch rates for all treatments were greatest during the first 12 d following hatch assay initiation, and rate decline occurred by day 14 regardless of treatment. Egg viability tests based upon vital staining demonstrated that refrigeration did not affect mortality, and monitoring progeny eggs obtained from plants inoculated with refrigerated eggs did not reveal any effect on hatching. Total percent hatch was directly dependent upon phase II linear increase rate. Depression of hatch by low temperature was not reversed when eggs were returned to 27 degrees C. Results suggest that I or more developmental events were arrested, and that a diapause was induced. C1 [Masler, Edward P.; Zasada, Inga A.] USDA, ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Sardanell, Sandra] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Plant Nematol Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Masler, EP (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Edward.masler@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 10 PU HELMINTHOLOGICAL SOC WASHINGTON PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS INC, 1041 NEW HAMPSHIRE ST, ACCT# 141866, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1525-2647 J9 COMP PARASITOL JI Comp. Parasitol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 75 IS 1 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1654/4292.1 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Zoology SC Parasitology; Zoology GA 256IL UT WOS:000252721800011 ER PT J AU Foulk, JA Akin, DE Dodd, RB AF Foulk, Jonn A. Akin, Danny E. Dodd, Roy B. TI Processability of flax plant stalks into functional bast fibers SO COMPOSITE INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE flax; flax fiber; composite; fiber quality ID RECYCLED POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITES; PROCESSED FLAX; PILOT-PLANT; SPECTROSCOPY; PREDICTION; LIGNIN; COTTON AB Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) is an agricultural crop that is being considered as cost effective alternative to glass in composites. Flax is nature's composite with strong bast fibers held together in bundles and located in the outer regions of the plant stem between the outermost cuticle-epidermis layer and the innermost, woody tissues. Agricultural production of this crop is environmentally beneficial because it is produced through photosynthesis and considered a naturally renewable and sustainable material. Its use in bio-based composites could help lessen our dependence on fossil fuels today and into the future. Despite the longevity of flax in world markets, particular problems exist to provide flax fiber economically for markets in the US and North America. Barriers to such provisions include consistent, high-quality retting methods, efficient processing of whole steins into cottonized fibers, and development of standards to judge fiber quality. Processability of plant stalks into usable fiber requires retting which selectively removes pectinaceous and matrix substances thus separating cellulose fibers from non-fibrous substances and easing mechanical cleaning. Enzymes have been tested for efficiency of retting, and recommendations are in place for particular fiber properties. Before this work began, no processing facilities existed in North America for producing high value fibers. To facilitate research on bast fiber retting and subsequent processing, the Flax Fiber Pilot Plant (Flax-PP), was designed and modified after the 'Unified Line'; it is the only research facility of this type in the US and effectively processes and extracts bast fibers from plant stalks. A separate cottonizing unit has been installed to complete processing of fibers for various applications. Each processing step creates a fiber product and byproduct both with potential uses in composites. The development of standards through ASTM International is a continuing project. Currently, emphasis is on new equipment to quantify properties of particular usefulness such as cleanliness, fineness, and color. The Flax-PP becomes a valuable tool for improving fiber processing and quality, and thus integrates all activities for a flax fiber industry in North America. C1 [Foulk, Jonn A.] USDA ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29633 USA. [Akin, Danny E.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Dodd, Roy B.] Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Foulk, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29633 USA. EM jonn.foulk@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU VSP BV PI LEIDEN PA BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, PO BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6440 J9 COMPOS INTERFACE JI Compos. Interfaces PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2-3 BP 147 EP 168 DI 10.1163/156855408783810902 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 294CQ UT WOS:000255382100004 ER PT J AU Liu, ZS Erhan, SZ Akin, DE Barton, FE Onwulata, C McKeon, TA AF Liu, Zengshe Erhan, Sevim Z. Akin, Danny E. Barton, Franklin E. Onwulata, Charles McKeon, Thomas A. TI Modified flax fibers reinforced soy-based composites: mechanical properties and water absorption behavior SO COMPOSITE INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE epoxidized soybean oil; modified flax fiber; composites; water absorption ID CELLULOSE FIBERS; PART I; POLYPROPYLENE; TENSILE AB Flax fibers are often used in reinforced composites which have exhibited numerous advantages such as high mechanical properties, low density and biodegradablility. On the other hand, the hydrophilic nature of flax fiber is a major problem. In this study, we prepare the soybean oil based composites reinforced with protein coated and lipid acylated flax fibers and compare their water uptake properties. Results showed that water resistance properties of the composites are improved where treated flax fibers are used. The composite with lipid acylation of the flax fiber exhibited to enhance tensile strength and water resistance properties. Influences of fiber length, fiber loading and pressure on mechanical properties are also reported. C1 [Liu, Zengshe; Erhan, Sevim Z.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Akin, Danny E.; Barton, Franklin E.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Onwulata, Charles] USDA ARS, E Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [McKeon, Thomas A.] USDA ARS, W Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kevin.liu@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU VSP BV PI LEIDEN PA BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, PO BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6440 J9 COMPOS INTERFACE JI Compos. Interfaces PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2-3 BP 207 EP 220 DI 10.1163/156855408783810821 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 294CQ UT WOS:000255382100007 ER PT J AU Lee, S Shupe, TF Hse, CY AF Lee, Sangyeob Shupe, Todd F. Hse, Chung Y. TI Thermosets as compatibilizers at the isotactic polypropylene film and thermomechanical pulp fiber interphase SO COMPOSITE INTERFACES LA English DT Article DE thermomechanical pulp (TMP); thermoset resins; polypropylene (PP); laminates; interfacial properties ID UREA-FORMALDEHYDE RESIN; WOOD-PLASTIC COMPOSITES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHENOL-FORMALDEHYDE; POLYMER NETWORKS; POLYURETHANES; DIISOCYANATE; BLENDS AB The objective of this study was to improve interfacial adhesion properties at the interface of thermomechanical pulp TMP) fiber and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) using thermoset adhesives such as phenol formaldehyde (PF) and urea formaldehyde (UF). This study also attempted to achieve fiber-to-fiber adhesion using thermoset adhesives before the molten iPP would flow into the fiber web. The fracture surfaces with thermoset adhesive showed identical differences in terms of fracture modes at the interface. An increased TMP fiber failure was observed with increased thermoset quantity at the interface. Using one percent resin content of weight fraction of TMP fiber handsheet, the tensile strength properties increased almost two fold higher than the strength of control samples. Additional adhesive contents of three and five percent showed gradual strength enhancement. However, the enhanced strength was statistically insignificant. UF resin showed slightly better strength performance over PF resin. This result may be caused by solid contents and additional pigments of resins. C1 [Shupe, Todd F.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Lee, Sangyeob] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Lee, Sangyeob] Mississippi State Univ, CAVS, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hse, Chung Y.] Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA 71360 USA. RP Shupe, TF (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Louisiana Forest Prod Dev Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM tshupe@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 23 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU VSP BV PI LEIDEN PA BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, PO BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0927-6440 J9 COMPOS INTERFACE JI Compos. Interfaces PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2-3 BP 221 EP 230 DI 10.1163/156855408783810885 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 294CQ UT WOS:000255382100008 ER PT S AU Kurtener, D Torbert, HA Krueger, E AF Kurtener, Dmitry Torbert, H. Allen Krueger, Elena BE Gervasi, O Murgante, B TI Evaluation of agricultural land suitability: Application of fuzzy indicators SO COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ITS APPLICATIONS - ICCSA 2008, PT 1, PROCEEDINGS SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computational Science and Its Applications (ICCSA 2008) CY JUN 30-JUL 03, 2008 CL Perugia, ITALY SP Univ Perugia, Univ Calgary, Innovat Computat Sci Applicat, MAXSTER UP, Univ Calgary, SPARCS Lab, OptimaNumerics DE land suitability evaluation; fuzzy set theory; fuzzy indicator ID GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING; MULTICRITERIA EVALUATION; GIS; MODEL; CLASSIFICATION; AREAS AB The problem of evaluation of agricultural land suitability is considered as a fuzzy modeling task. For assessment of land suitability, it is proposed to use fuzzy indicators. Application of individual fuzzy indicators gives opportunity for assessment of suitability of lands as degree or grade of performance when the lands are used for agricultural purposes. Using composite fuzzy indicator it is possible to obtain weighted average estimation of land suitability. This theoretical technique is illustrated with a simple example. C1 [Kurtener, Dmitry] Agrophys Res Inst, St Petersburg 195220, Russia. [Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Torbert, H. Allen] Ind Res, Westminster, CO 80031 USA. RP Kurtener, D (reprint author), Agrophys Res Inst, St Petersburg 195220, Russia. EM dmitrykurtener@hotmail.com; allen.torbert@ars.usda.gov; e280473@hotmail.com NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-540-69838-8 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2008 VL 5072 BP 475 EP + PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Geography; Mathematics, Applied; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Planning & Development SC Computer Science; Geography; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Materials Science; Public Administration GA BHX86 UT WOS:000257310900034 ER PT J AU Park, B AF Park, Bosoon BE Sun, DW TI Quality Inspection of Poultry Carcasses SO COMPUTER VISION TECHNOLOGY FOR FOOD QUALITY EVALUATION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BACKPROPAGATION NEURAL-NETWORKS; VISIBLE/NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRA; MULTISPECTRAL IMAGE-ANALYSIS; PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS; CHICKEN CARCASSES; VISION SYSTEM; CLASSIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; REFLECTANCE; WHOLESOME C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Park, B (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Richard B Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055624-6 J9 FOOD SCI TECHNOL-INT PY 2008 BP 157 EP 187 DI 10.1016/B978-012373642-0.50010-7 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Food Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Food Science & Technology GA BCP40 UT WOS:000310957500008 ER PT J AU Lu, RF AF Lu, Renfu BE Sun, DW TI Quality evaluation of Fruit by Hyperspectral Imaging SO COMPUTER VISION TECHNOLOGY FOR FOOD QUALITY EVALUATION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TISSUE OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; STATE DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE; TIME-RESOLVED REFLECTANCE; FREQUENCY-DOMAIN REFLECTANCE; NONINVASIVE DETERMINATION; LIGHT-SCATTERING; TURBID MATERIALS; SOLUBLE SOLIDS; IN-VIVO; ABSORPTION C1 Michigan State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Lu, RF (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055624-6 J9 FOOD SCI TECHNOL-INT PY 2008 BP 319 EP 348 DI 10.1016/B978-012373642-0.50017-X PG 30 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Food Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Food Science & Technology GA BCP40 UT WOS:000310957500015 ER PT J AU Sui, RX Thomasson, JA Hanks, J Wooten, J AF Sui, Ruixiu Thomasson, J. Alex Hanks, James Wooten, James TI Ground-based sensing system for weed mapping in cotton SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE precision agriculture; weed mapping; optical sensor; remote sensing; cotton AB A ground-based weed mapping system was developed to measure weed intensity and distribution in a cotton field. The weed mapping system includes WeedSeeker((R)) PhD600 sensor modules to indicate the presence of weeds between rows, a GPS receiver to provide spatial information, and a data acquisition and processing unit to collect and process the weed data and spatial information. The PhD600 sensor module is a commercial product used as a component in this weed mapping system. A prototype of the weed mapping system was field evaluated for 2 years. The system performed well during the field evaluation. Weed intensity in the field was also estimated based on remotely sensed imagery, and these estimates were used to create weed maps. Development of the weed mapping system and its evaluation results are reported in this article. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Sui, Ruixiu; Thomasson, J. Alex] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hanks, James] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Wooten, James] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Sui, RX (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 2117 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM rsui@tamu.edu NR 11 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 60 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2007.06.002 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 260RW UT WOS:000253029100004 ER PT J AU Kise, M Zhang, Q AF Kise, M. Zhang, Q. TI Creating a panoramic field image using multi-spectral stereovision system SO COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE image mosaic; multi-spectral field images; 3D panoramic field images; stereovision; ground-based remote sensing ID CORN; AIRBORNE; VIDEO; WEED AB Satellite-based remote sensing presents a broad view of field scenes while ground-based remote sensing offers detailed observation of the crop to support precision farming decision-making. If it is possible to combine the advantages of both satellite-based and ground-based sensing, the resulting imagery could present both the broad view of a field scene and detailed observation of crop growth, which offers a very informative means for delivering crop production information. This paper describes a fundamental investigation on creating multi-spectral 3D panoramic field imagery by seamlessly integrating ground-based multi-spectral images of the field. A vehicle-mounted stereovision sensor composed of two multi-spectral cameras collects six-spectral channel images to form the multi-spectral 3D field imagery. The collected stereo image stream is then synthesized progressively to create a single seamless field image. The resulting panoramic imagery forms a 3D virtual field scene capable of providing more informative interpretation of crop/field status than a 2D plane image. Field test results proved that the assembled multi-spectral imagery was capable of providing a seamless 3D panoramic view of a soybean field with a broad view for assessing crop growth status with sufficient detail of individual crop plants. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Q.] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kise, M.] USDA ARS, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, 1304 W Pennsylvania Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM qinzhang@uiuc.edu NR 24 TC 16 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0168-1699 J9 COMPUT ELECTRON AGR JI Comput. Electron. Agric. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 60 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.compag.2007.07.002 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Agriculture; Computer Science GA 260RW UT WOS:000253029100008 ER PT J AU Zhang, D Boccara, M Motilal, L Butler, DR Umaharan, P Mischke, S Meinhardt, L AF Zhang, Dapeng Boccara, Michel Motilal, Lambert Butler, David R. Umaharan, Pathmanathan Mischke, Sue Meinhardt, Lyndel TI Microsatellite variation and population structure in the "Refractario" cacao of Ecuador SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE DNA fingerprinting; ecuador; germplasm; genetic diversity; population structure; South America; Theobroma cacao L. ID THEOBROMA-CACAO; GENETIC DIVERSITY; GERMPLASM; RFLP; ACCURACY; ALLELES AB Utilization of germplasm for crop improvement is often hampered by absence of information regarding origin, genetic identity and genealogical relationships of germplasm groups or populations. Molecular marker technology offers an efficient tool to verify or reconstruct passport data. Using a high-throughput genotyping system with 15 microsatellite loci, we fingerprinted 482 accessions in 48 putative half-sib families of Refractario cacao (a group of germplasm collected from nine farms in Ecuador). Based on the multilocus profiles, a Bayesian method for individual assignment was applied to verify membership in each half-sib family. Multivariate statistical analysis showed that the Refractario genetic profile was different from other groups tested, except for the "Nacional" cacao from the coastal valley of Ecuador. Hierarchical partitioning of genetic variance in the Refractario cacao showed that 76% of the variation was contributed by intra-family difference, whereas the inter-family and inter-farm difference accounted for 15 and 9% of total variance, respectively. All three sources of variation were highly significant (P < 0.01). Cluster and Principal Coordinates Analyses revealed a population sub-structure in Refractario, which was also highly heterozygous, suggesting hybridization derived from Nacional cacao and multiple other parental varieties, which all shared a similar genetic background. The improved understanding of identities and structure in Refractario cacao will contribute to more efficient conservation and use of this germplasm group in cacao breeding. C1 [Zhang, Dapeng; Mischke, Sue; Meinhardt, Lyndel] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, PSI, Suatainable Perennial Crops Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Boccara, Michel; Motilal, Lambert; Butler, David R.] Univ W Indies, Cacao Res Unit, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. [Boccara, Michel] Ctr Coop Int Rech Agronom Dev, Montpellier 5, France. [Umaharan, Pathmanathan] Univ W Indies, Dept Life Sci, St Augustine, Trinid & Tobago. RP Zhang, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, PSI, Suatainable Perennial Crops Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 001 001 Rm 223 Beltsvill, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ZhangD@ba.ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 BP 327 EP 337 DI 10.1007/s10592-007-9345-8 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 277VI UT WOS:000254242400008 ER PT J AU Jimenez, JP Brenes, A Fajardo, D Salas, A Spooner, DM AF Jimenez, Jose Pablo Brenes, Arturo Fajardo, Diego Salas, Alberto Spooner, David Michael TI The use and limits of AFLP data in the taxonomy of polyploid wild potato species in Solanum series Conicibaccata SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE AFLP; Solanum section Petota; Solanum series Conicibaccata; taxonomy ID GENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; SECT. PETOTA; SOLANACEAE; MARKERS; RAPD; L.; SYSTEMATICS; EVOLUTION; GERMPLASM; PRODUCTS AB Solanum sect. Petota (tuber-bearing wild and cultivated potatoes) are a group of approximately 190 wild species distributed throughout the Americas from the southwestern United States south to Argentina, Chile, and Uruguay. Solanum series Conicibaccata are a group of approximately 40 species within sect. Petota, distributed from central Mexico to central Bolivia, composed of diploids (2n = 2x = 24), tetraploids (2n = 4x = 48) and hexaploids (2n = 6x = 64); the polyploids are thought to be polysomic polyploids. This study initially was designed to address species boundaries of the four Mexican and Central American species of series Conicibaccata with AFLP data with the addition of first germplasm collections of one of these four species, Solanum woodsonii, as a follow-up to prior morphological, chloroplast DNA, and RAPD studies; and additional species of series Conicibaccata from South America. AFLP data from 12 primer combinations (1722 polymorphic bands) are unable to distinguish polyploid species long thought to be distinct. The data suggest a complex reticulate history of the tetraploids or the need for a broad downward reevaluation of the number of species in series Conicibaccata, a trend seen in other series of sect. Petota. Separately, through flow cytometry, we report the first ploidy level of S. woodsonii, as tetraploid (2n = 48). C1 [Fajardo, Diego; Spooner, David Michael] USDA, Univ Wisconsin, Agr Res Serv, Madison, WI USA. [Jimenez, Jose Pablo; Brenes, Arturo] Univ Costa Rica, Ctr Invest Agronom, San Jose 2060, Costa Rica. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), USDA, Univ Wisconsin, Agr Res Serv, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI USA. EM dspooner@wisc.edu NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1007/s10592-007-9350-y PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 277VI UT WOS:000254242400013 ER PT J AU Ross-Davis, A Woeste, KE AF Ross-Davis, Amy Woeste, Keith E. TI Microsatellite markers for Juglans cinerea L. and their utility in other Juglandaceae species SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE butternut; endangered; hybridization; microsatellite markers; sensitive species ID WALNUT; LOCI AB Ten polymorphic microsatellite markers were found to amplify in butternut (Juglans cinerea; Juglandaceae). These microsatellite loci were und to amplify across most of nine other species and five hybrids examined. Loci were highly polymorphic, with 18 to 32 alleles per locus across species. These nuclear microsatellite markers will be useful in examining genetic diversity within and among populations of butternut, and in distinguishing butternut from interspecific hybrids. C1 [Woeste, Keith E.] Purdue Univ, USDA Forest Serv, No REs Stn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ross-Davis, Amy; Woeste, Keith E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, HArdwood Tree Improvement & Regenerat Ctr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Woeste, KE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, USDA Forest Serv, No REs Stn, 715 W State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM woeste@purdue.edu NR 10 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 BP 465 EP 469 DI 10.1007/s10592-007-9337-8 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 277VI UT WOS:000254242400024 ER PT J AU Weaver, KF Perez-Losada, M Guralnick, RP Nelson, A Blatt, S Crandall, KA AF Weaver, Kathleen F. Perez-Losada, Marcos Guralnick, Robert P. Nelson, Ashley Blatt, Steve Crandall, Keith A. TI Assessing the conservation status of the land snail Oreohelix peripherica wasatchensis (Family Oreohelicidae) SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Oreohelix peripherica wasatchensis; land snail biogeography; mitochondrial DNA ID GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; PHYLOGENETIC INFERENCE; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; NORTH-AMERICA; DNA; SEQUENCES; AMPLIFICATION; BIODIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; STRATEGIES AB Establishing conservation priorities for invertebrate groups has proven difficult as many proposed units of diversity are based on morphological features that do not reflect evolutionary history. This confusion is confounded by poorly defined ranges of proposed endemic and endangered groups, leading to problems formulating adequate conservation management strategies. We examined one such group, Oreohelix peripherica wasatchensis, a land-snail located in the Wasatch Front Range of Utah that is a candidate for protection under the Endangered Species Act. We employed a broad sampling approach to determine the current range of O. p. wasatchensis, including the type locality, several localities in the surrounding Wasatch Mountains, and localities throughout Utah, Nevada, and Colorado. From these samples, we sequenced the mitochondrial DNA loci 12S and Cytochrome Oxidase 1 (COI) and nuclear loci Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS 1 and ITS2) and 5.8S. We estimated phylogenetic relationships using maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses. Molecular data and radula morphology data indicate that the group identified as O. p. wasatchensis falls into two distinct clades. We recommend further ecological and population assessments of these two distinct mitochondrial clades based on the newly defined range to evaluate its endangered status under the IUCN criteria. C1 [Weaver, Kathleen F.] Univ La Verne, Dept Biol, La Verne, CA 91750 USA. [Perez-Losada, Marcos; Nelson, Ashley; Crandall, Keith A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Guralnick, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Blatt, Steve] US Forest Serv, Ogden, UT USA. RP Weaver, KF (reprint author), Univ La Verne, Dept Biol, 1950 3rd St, La Verne, CA 91750 USA. EM kweaver@ulv.edu RI Guralnick, Rob/E-7767-2010; Perez-Losada, Marcos/I-4407-2013; OI Perez-Losada, Marcos/0000-0002-2585-4657; Crandall, Keith/0000-0002-0836-3389 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 EI 1572-9737 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 4 BP 907 EP 916 DI 10.1007/s10592-007-9415-y PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 323CD UT WOS:000257420700010 ER PT J AU Hull, JM Keane, JJ Tell, LA Ernest, HB AF Hull, Joshua M. Keane, John J. Tell, Lisa A. Ernest, Holly B. TI Development of 37 microsatellite loci for the great gray owl (Strix nebulosa) and other Strix spp. owls SO CONSERVATION GENETICS LA English DT Article DE microsatellite; great gray owl; owl; Strix nebulosa; strigidae AB We developed 37 great gray owl (Strix nebulosa) microsatellite primers from CA and TAGA enriched genomic libraries. Primers were tested in 15 great gray owls from California, USA and Alberta, Canada as well as two other Strix species, spotted owl (S. occidentalis) and barred owl (S. varia). These markers will have broad application in investigations of Strix population structure and genetic diversity. C1 [Hull, Joshua M.; Ernest, Holly B.] Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife & Ecol Unit, Vet Genet Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tell, Lisa A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ernest, Holly B.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Keane, John J.] US Forest Serv, Sierra Nevada Res Ctr, Pacific SW Res Stn, United States Dept Agr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. RP Hull, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Wildlife & Ecol Unit, Vet Genet Lab, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM jmhull@ucdavis.edu OI /0000-0002-0205-8818 FU USDA Forest Service; University of California Genetic Resources Conservation Program; UC Davis; UC Davis Graduate Group FX We would like to thank the Calgary Wildlife Rehabilitation Society, California Department of Fish and Game, Lindsay Wildlife Hospital, UC Davis Raptor Center, UC Davis Veterinary Teaching Hospital, N Anderson, B Stedman, C Stermer, M Todd at GIS, and J Well, for technical assistance and advice. Financial support came from the USDA Forest Service, University of California Genetic Resources Conservation Program, Veterinary Genetics Laboratory at UC Davis, and graduate student funding support through UC Davis Graduate Group in Ecology. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0621 J9 CONSERV GENET JI Conserv. Genet. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 5 BP 1357 EP 1361 DI 10.1007/s10592-007-9489-6 PG 5 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity GA 348FC UT WOS:000259195400033 ER PT B AU Ziska, LH AF Ziska, Lewis H. BE Kleinman, DL CloudHansen, KA Matta, C Handelsman, J TI Rising Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Plant Biology: The Overlooked Paradigm SO CONTROVERSIES IN SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, VOL 2: FROM CLIMATE TO CHROMOSOMES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RAGWEED AMBROSIA-ARTEMISIIFOLIA; ELEVATED CO2; COMMON RAGWEED; INCREASING CO2; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; YIELD LOSS; C-4 WEED; GROWTH; RESPONSES C1 [Ziska, Lewis H.] Int Rice Res Inst, Manila, Philippines. RP Ziska, LH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Sacramento, CA USA. NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA BN 978-0-913113-42-4 PY 2008 BP 379 EP 397 PG 19 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC History & Philosophy of Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BOE17 UT WOS:000276362800020 ER PT J AU Nunez-Palenius, HG Gomez-Lim, M Ochoa-Alejo, N Grumet, R Lester, G Cantliffe, DJ AF Nunez-Palenius, Hector G. Gomez-Lim, Miguel Ochoa-Alejo, Neftali Grumet, Rebecca Lester, Gene Cantliffe, Daniel J. TI Melon fruits: Genetic diversity, physiology, and biotechnology features SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE cucurbits; transgenic plants; Cucumis melo; plant tissue culture; ripening ID CUCUMBER MOSAIC-VIRUS; COAT PROTEIN GENE; CV PUSA-SHARBATI; VITRO SHOOT ORGANOGENESIS; VAR. RETICULATUS SER.; HONEY DEW MUSKMELON; ACC OXIDASE MELON; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; ALKALINE ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE; CHARENTAIS CANTALOUPE MELONS AB Among Cucurbitaceae, Cucumis melo is one of the most important cultivated cucurbits. They are grown primarily for their fruit, which generally have a sweet aromatic flavor, with great diversity and size (50 g to 15 kg), flesh color (orange, green, white, and pink), rind color (green, yellow, white, orange, red, and gray), form (round, flat, and elongated), and dimension (4 to 200 cm). C. melo can be broken down into seven distinct types based on the previously discussed variations in the species. The melon fruits can be either climacteric or nonclimacteric, and as such, fruit can adhere to the stem or have an abscission layer where they will fall from the plant naturally at maturity. Traditional plant breeding of melons has been done for 100 years wherein plants were primarily developed as open-pollinated cultivars. More recently, in the past 30 years, melon improvement has been done by more traditional hybridization techniques. An improvement in germplasm is relatively slow and is limited by a restricted gene pool. Strong sexual incompatibility at the interspecific and intergeneric levels has restricted rapid development of new cultivars with high levels of disease resistance, insect resistance, flavor, and sweetness. In order to increase the rate and diversity of new traits in melon it would be advantageous to introduce new genes needed to enhance both melon productivity and melon fruit quality. This requires plant tissue and plant transformation techniques to introduce new or foreign genes into C. melo germplasm. In order to achieve a successful commercial application from biotechnology, a competent plant regeneration system of in vitro cultures for melon is required. More than 40 in vitro melon regeneration programs have been reported; however, regeneration of the various melon types has been highly variable and in some cases impossible. The reasons for this are still unknown, but this plays a heavy negative role on trying to use plant transformation technology to improve melon germplasm. In vitro manipulation of melon is difficult; genotypic responses to the culture method (i.e., organogenesis, somatic embryogenesis, etc.) as well as conditions for environmental and hormonal requirements for plant growth and regeneration continue to be poorly understood for developing simple in vitro procedures to culture and transform all C. melo genotypes. In many cases, this has to be done on an individual line basis. The present paper describes the various research findings related to successful approaches to plant regeneration and transgenic transformation of C. melo. It also describes potential improvement of melon to improve fruit quality characteristics and postharvest handling. Despite more than 140 transgenic melon field trials in the United States in 1996, there are still no commercial transgenic melon cultivars on the market. This may be a combination of technical or performance factors, intellectual property rights concerns, and, most likely, a lack of public acceptance. Regardless, the future for improvement of melon germplasm is bright when considering the knowledge base for both techniques and gene pools potentially useable for melon improvement. C1 [Nunez-Palenius, Hector G.; Gomez-Lim, Miguel; Ochoa-Alejo, Neftali] CINVESTAV, IPN, Ctr Res & Adv Studies, Plant Genet Engn Dept,Natl Polytech Inst, Guanajuato 36500, Mexico. [Grumet, Rebecca] Michigan State Univ, Dept Hort, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lester, Gene] Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Cantliffe, Daniel J.] Univ Florida, Dept Hort Sci, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Nunez-Palenius, HG (reprint author), CINVESTAV, IPN, Ctr Res & Adv Studies, Plant Genet Engn Dept,Natl Polytech Inst, Guanajuato Campus,Apartado Postal 629, Guanajuato 36500, Mexico. EM hnunez@ira.cinvestav.mx NR 378 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 6 U2 59 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0738-8551 J9 CRIT REV BIOTECHNOL JI Crit. Rev. Biotechnol. PY 2008 VL 28 IS 1 BP 13 EP 55 DI 10.1080/07388550801891111 PG 43 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 270QD UT WOS:000253734400002 PM 18322855 ER PT J AU Park, SY Woodward, CL Kubena, LF Nisbet, DJ Birkhold, SG Ricke, SC AF Park, S. Y. Woodward, C. L. Kubena, L. F. Nisbet, D. J. Birkhold, S. G. Ricke, S. C. TI Environmental dissemination of foodborne Salmonella in preharvest poultry production: Reservoirs, critical factors, and research strategies SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE environment; foodborne; Salmonella; poultry; preharvest; reservoirs ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ENTERITIDIS PHAGE TYPE-4; ENTERICA SEROVAR ENTERITIDIS; TYPHIMURIUM MARKER STRAIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ADDRESSABLE POTENTIOMETRIC SENSOR; LIMITED SELENOMONAS-RUMINANTIUM; EXPERIMENTALLY INFECTED HENS; SWINE CONFINEMENT BUILDINGS; CONTINUOUS-FLOW CULTURES AB The impact of potential pathogenic foodborne Salmonella spp. in poultry production environments is of paramount importance, considering its implications for human health. Most of what is known about this organism under these environmental conditions is based on indirect evidence. The overall focus of this review is on the biology of potentially pathogenic foodborne Salmonella spp. in poultry environments. This is not just because of the implications regarding pathogenic Salmonella spp. for poultry production and food safety but because Salmonella spp. behavior may serve as a model for understanding general bacterial pathogen persistence in animal agricultural environments. This will help meet a long-term need to develop a comprehensive ecological picture of the contamination potential, growth, survival, and genetic stability of pathogens in poultry and other animal production environments. This will in turn lead to a better understanding of the environmental and health impacts of foodborne Salmonella spp. dissemination in animal production environments. C1 [Ricke, S. C.] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Food Safety, IFSE, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Ricke, S. C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Food Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Kubena, L. F.; Nisbet, D. J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX USA. [Park, S. Y.; Woodward, C. L.; Birkhold, S. G.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Ricke, SC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Ctr Food Safety, IFSE, 2650 N Young Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM sricke@uark.edu NR 257 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-3389 J9 CRIT REV ENV SCI TEC JI Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 38 IS 2 BP 73 EP 111 DI 10.1080/10643380701598227 PG 39 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 253JJ UT WOS:000252514200001 ER PT J AU Davis, AR Perkins-Veazie, P Sakata, Y Lopez-Galarza, S Maroto, JV Lee, SG Huh, YC Sun, ZY Miguel, A King, SR Cohen, R Lee, JM AF Davis, Angela R. Perkins-Veazie, Penelope Sakata, Yoshiteru Lopez-Galarza, Salvador Maroto, Jose Vicente Lee, Sang-Gyu Huh, Yun-Chan Sun, Zhanyong Miguel, Alfredo King, Stephen R. Cohen, Roni Lee, Jung-Myung TI Cucurbit grafting SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE Cucurbitaceae; watermelon; cantaloupe; cucumber; methods; quality; yield ID CUCUMBER CUCUMIS-SATIVUS; LAGENARIA-SICERARIA GERMPLASM; BLACK ROOT-ROT; FIGLEAF GOURD; METHYL-BROMIDE; FUSARIUM-WILT; MELON PLANTS; MONOSPORASCUS-CANNONBALLUS; TRIPLOID WATERMELON; MINERAL-NUTRITION AB Due to limited availability of arable land and high market demand for off-season vegetables, cucurbits (plants in the family Cucurbitaceae) are continuously cultivated under unfavorable conditions in some countries. These conditions include environments that are too cold, wet, or dry, or are cool low-light winter greenhouses. Successive cropping can increase salinity, the incidence of cucurbit pests, and soilborne diseases like fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium spp. These conditions cause various physiological and pathological disorders leading to severe crop loss. Chemical pest control is expensive, not always effective, and can harm the environment. Grafting can overcome many of these problems. In fact, in many parts of the world, grafting is a routine technique in continuous cropping systems. It was first commonly used in Japan during the late 1920s by grafting watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai] onto pumpkin [Cucurbita moschata Duchesne ex. Poir] rootstocks. Soon after, watermelons were grafted onto bottle gourd [Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl.] rootstocks. This practice helped control declining yield due to soilborne diseases. China produces more than half the world's watermelons and cucumbers (Cucumis sativus L.), and approximately 20% of these are grafted. Use of rootstocks can enhance plant vigor through vigorous attainment of soil nutrients, avoidance of soil pathogens and tolerance of low soil temperatures, salinity, and wet-soil conditions. The type of rootstock affects cucurbit plant growth, yield, and fruit quality. Cucurbit grafting is rare in the United States, but with continued loss of quality disease-free farmland along with the phase-out of methyl bromide, the U.S. cucurbit industry sees grafting as an attractive option. Some seed companies now offer watermelon transplants grafted onto squash or bottle gourd rootstocks, and some transplant facilities offer grafting services. There have been thorough analyses of cucurbit grafting in other countries, but the literature in English is limited. This review summarizes the state of the cucurbit grafting industry on a global level, translating work published in many languages. C1 [Davis, Angela R.; Perkins-Veazie, Penelope] ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. [Sakata, Yoshiteru] Natl Inst Vegetable & Tea Sci, Tsu, Mie 5142392, Japan. [Lopez-Galarza, Salvador; Maroto, Jose Vicente] Univ Politecn Valencia, ETSIA, Dept Prod Vegetal, Valencia 46022, Spain. [Lee, Sang-Gyu; Huh, Yun-Chan] Rural Dev Adm, Natl Hort Res Inst, Suwon 441440, South Korea. [Sun, Zhanyong] Asian Vegetable Res & Dev Ctr, World Vegetable Ctr, Tainan 74199, Taiwan. [Miguel, Alfredo] Inst Valenciano Invest Agr, Valencia 46113, Spain. [King, Stephen R.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Cohen, Roni] Newe Yaar Res Ctr, ARO, IL-30095 Ramat Yishay, Israel. [Lee, Jung-Myung] Kyung Hee Univ, Dept Hort, Suwon 449701, South Korea. RP Davis, AR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, POB 159,Hwy 3 W, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM adavis-usda@lane-ag.org NR 266 TC 126 Z9 135 U1 7 U2 94 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0735-2689 J9 CRIT REV PLANT SCI JI Crit. Rev. Plant Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 50 EP 74 DI 10.1080/07352680802053940 PG 25 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 311EV UT WOS:000256584400003 ER PT J AU Yang, CH Liu, TX Everitt, JH AF Yang, Chenghai Liu, Tong-Xian Everitt, James H. TI Estimating cabbage physical parameters using remote sensing technology SO CROP PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE aerial photography; cabbage; plant area; reflectance spectra; remote sensing; vegetation indices; yield ID VEGETATION INDEXES; LEAF-AREA; GRAIN-SORGHUM; YIELD; COTTON; IMAGERY; GROWTH; LIGHT; TEXAS; CORN AB Remote sensing has long been used as a tool to extract plant growth and yield information for many crops, but little research has been conducted on cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L.) with this technology. The objective of this study was to evaluate aerial photography and field reflectance spectra for estimating cabbage physical parameters. An experiment was conducted on a cabbage field with 81 experimental plots to which different insecticide treatments were applied.. Aerial color-infrared (CIR) photographs were taken from the field shortly before harvest. Meanwhile, field reflectance spectra and four plant physical parameters, including plant diameter, head diameter, plant weight and head weight, were measured from a total of 243 plants (three plants per plot). Plant area and spectral digital values for the near-infrared, red and green bands for each of the 243 plants were extracted from a digitized aerial CIR photograph. Four different vegetation indices, including the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), were calculated. Correlation analysis showed that the cabbage physical parameters were significantly related to the photo-derived plant area and spectral variables. Regression analysis showed that head weight was linearly related to plant area with an r(2) value of 0.91 and quadratically related to NDVI with an r(2) value of 0.66. Stepwise regression performed on cabbage head weight and 601 bands from 400 to 1000 nm in the field reflectance spectra revealed that 71% of the variability in head weight could be explained by eight significant bands in the spectra. As an application example, cabbage yield estimated from photo-derived plant area in each plot was used to compare the differences among 16 treatments. These results indicate that remote sensing can be a useful tool for evaluating cabbage growth and yield variations. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Chenghai; Everitt, James H.] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Liu, Tong-Xian] Texas A&M Univ Syst, Texas Agr Expt Stn, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Yang, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM cyang@weslaco.ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0261-2194 J9 CROP PROT JI Crop Prot. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 25 EP 35 DI 10.1016/j.cropro.2007.04.015 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 245RZ UT WOS:000251954800004 ER PT J AU Mian, MAR Missaoui, AM Walker, DR Phillips, DV Boerma, HR AF Mian, M. A. R. Missaoui, A. M. Walker, D. R. Phillips, D. V. Boerma, H. R. TI Frogeye leaf spot of soybean: A review and proposed race designations for isolates of Cercospora sojina Hara SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID RESISTANCE GENES; YIELD LOSSES; RCS3 GENE; IDENTIFICATION; INTEGRATION; CULTIVARS; SEVERITY; MARKERS; PEKING AB Frogeye leaf spot (FLS), caused by Cercospora sojina K. Hara, is a common disease of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in most soybean-growing countries of the world. Significant yield losses of soybean (10-60%) have-been attributed to FLS under hot and humid growing conditions. The FLS in the southern United States has been kept under control by planting resistant cultivars. Cercospora sojina is a dynamic pathogen with extensive virulence or race diversity. The current number of C. sojina isolates at the University of Georgia collection is 93. Assigning race designations to this large number of isolates has been difficult because of the lack of a well-defined set of differentials. To facilitate future studies of the genetics of soybean resistance to FLS and the identification and comparison of existing and future races of C. sojina, we have reassessed both the soybean differentials and the C. sojina races. Based on the reactions of 93 isolates of C. sojina on 38 putative soybean differentials, we propose a core set of 12 differentials and 11 races that represent the major diversity among the 93 C. sojina isolates. The definition of these 12 differentials and 11 races should provide the foundation for the identification and comparison of additional soybean resistance genes and new races of C. sojina. C1 [Mian, M. A. R.] USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Mian, M. A. R.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Missaoui, A. M.; Walker, D. R.; Boerma, H. R.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Phillips, D. V.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Mian, MAR (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM mian.3@osu.edu NR 53 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 23 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 14 EP 24 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.08.0432 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400002 ER PT J AU Casa, AM Pressoir, G Brown, PJ Mitchell, SE Rooney, WL Tuinstra, MR Franks, CD Kresovich, S AF Casa, Alexandra M. Pressoir, Gael Brown, Patrick J. Mitchell, Sharon E. Rooney, William L. Tuinstra, Mitchell R. Franks, Cleve D. Kresovich, Stephen TI Community resources and strategies for association mapping in sorghum SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPATIAL GENETIC-STRUCTURE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; PAIRWISE RELATEDNESS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; SELECTION; DIVERSITY; BICOLOR; MAIZE; RECOMBINATION; COEFFICIENTS AB Association mapping is a powerful strategy for identifying genes underlying quantitative traits in plants. We have,assembled and characterized genetic and phenotypic diversity of a sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], panel suitable for association mapping, comprised of 377 accessions representing all major cultivated races (tropical lines from diverse geographic and climatic regions), and important U.S. breeding lines and their progenitors. Accessions were phenotyped for eight traits, and levels of population structure and familial relatedness were assessed with 47 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci. The panel exhibited substantial. morphological variation and little genotypic differentiation was observed between the converted tropical and breeding lines. The phenotypic and genotypic data were used to evaluate the performance of several association models in controlling for spurious associations. Our analysis indicated that association models that accounted for both population structure and kinship performed better than those that did not. In addition, we found that the optimal number of subpopulations used to correct for population structure was trait dependent. Although augmentation of the genotypic data with additional SSR loci may be necessary, the association models, genotypic data, and germplasm panel described here provide a starting point for sorghum researchers to begin association studies of traits and markers or candidate genes of interest. C1 [Casa, Alexandra M.; Pressoir, Gael; Brown, Patrick J.; Mitchell, Sharon E.; Kresovich, Stephen] Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Rooney, William L.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tuinstra, Mitchell R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Franks, Cleve D.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Kresovich, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Genom Divers, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sk20@cornell.edu NR 48 TC 107 Z9 114 U1 1 U2 23 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 30 EP 40 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.02.0080 PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400004 ER PT J AU Burow, GB Franks, CD Xin, Z AF Burow, G. B. Franks, C. D. Xin, Z. TI Genetic and physiological analysis of an irradiated bloomless mutant (epicuticular wax mutant) of sorghum SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID BICOLOR L MOENCH; EPIDERMAL CONDUCTANCE; ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY; NIGHTTIME CONDUCTANCE; CUTICULAR WAXES; WATER; TRANSPIRATION; LOAD; CUTICLE; LEAVES AB An irradiation-induced bloomless mutant of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.], KFS2021, which visually exhibits an absence of white fluffy epicuticular wax in leaf and sheath, was characterized using a combination of genetic and physiological approaches. Study of the phenotypic segregation for the bloomless trait in F-2 and F-2:3 populations from a cross between KFS2021 and BTx623 (a cultivar with bloom showing profuse deposition of white epicuticular wax) suggests that bloomless is controlled by a single nuclear recessive gene. The bloomless parent (KFS2021) and F-2 individuals had lower frequency of guttation, leakier epidermal layer (based on percentage of chlorophyll leaching), and higher rate of seedling water loss than the BTx623 and F-2 bloom individuals. Bloomless F-2 individuals showed 3- to 6-fold higher nighttime transpiration rates relative to F. bloom individuals based on nighttime conductance. Correlation analysis showed significant negative associations between leaf epicuticular wax load with epidermal permeability and nighttime conductance, which indicate the important role of epicuticular wax in these traits. These results suggest that epicuticular wax may enhance water use efficiency of sorghum by regulating nighttime water loss. C1 [Burow, G. B.; Franks, C. D.; Xin, Z.] USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. RP Burow, GB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cropping Syst Res Lab, Plant Stress & Germplasm Dev Unit, 3810 4th St, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. EM gburow@lbk.ars.usda.gov OI Xin, Zhanguo/0000-0003-1471-7785 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.02.0119 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400005 ER PT J AU Lorenz, AJ Scott, MP LaInkey, KR AF Lorenz, Aaron J. Scott, M. Paul LaInkey, Kendall R. TI Genetic variation and breeding potential of phytate and inorganic phosphorus in a maize population SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PHYTIC ACID LEVELS; RECURRENT SELECTION; SEEDS; VARIABILITY; MUTATION; PROTEIN; WHEAT; GRAIN AB Seed P is predominantly bound in the organic compound phytate, which makes the bioavailability of P low for monogastric animals fed maize (Zea mays L.)-based diets. Decreasing phytate and increasing inorganic P (P-i an available form of P) concentrations in maize grain would be desirable to help ameliorate environmental problems associated with high P in feces. Our objective was to investigate the potential of improving the P profile of maize grain through breeding and selection. Ninety S-1 families from the BS31 population were evaluated at two locations for phytate, P-i, and other grain quality and agronomic traits. Phytate concentrations ranged from 1.98 to 2.46 g kg(-1), and the broad-sense heritability (H) was relatively low (0.60). Both genetic variance and H (0.84) were much greater for P-i. Few unfavorable genetic correlations were observed between either P-i or phytate and other key economic traits. Also, selection differentials of multiple trait indices indicated that the P profile of maize grain and grain yield and moisture could be improved simultaneously. Many cycles of selection will be needed, however, to reach desirable phytate and P-i concentrations, especially when selecting for multiple traits. Regardless, our results are encouraging given that the families evaluated were related S-1 families and the number of families was relatively small. C1 [Lorenz, Aaron J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Scott, M. Paul; LaInkey, Kendall R.] Iowa State Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Agron, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Lorenz, AJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM alorenz@wisc.edu RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.03.0136 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400009 ER PT J AU Casler, MD Undersander, DJ Jokela, WE AF Casler, M. D. Undersander, D. J. Jokela, W. E. TI Divergent selection for phosphorus concentration in reed canarygrass SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; SMOOTH BROMEGRASS; BUFFER STRIPS; GRASS TETANY; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; FIBER CONCENTRATION; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; RUSSIAN WILDRYE; NUTRITIVE-VALUE AB Phosphorus is a vital nonrenewable natural resource that is essential for plant and animal growth. Grass swards and buffer strips can be used to reduce P losses that occur by soil erosion, surface runoff, or leaching. The objective of this study was to conduct one cycle of divergent selection for P concentration in reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) and to evaluate the effects of selection on P concentration, forage yield, and P uptake (the product of P concentration and forage yield). Divergent selections and original populations were evaluated in sward plots, harvested three times per year for 2 yr at three locations. Selection responses indicated that P concentration is a heritable trait in reed canarygrass; that genetic gains were highly repeatable across harvests, locations, and years; and that there is a negative genetic correlation between P concentration and sward-plot forage yield. Future selection efforts must be based on genotypic selection methods, in which half-sib families are evaluated for forage yield, P concentration, and P uptake in sward plots. C1 [Casler, M. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Jokela, W. E.] USDA ARS, Marshfield Agr Res Stn, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [Undersander, D. J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr W, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 119 EP 126 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.03.0165 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400014 ER PT J AU Conaghan, P Casler, MD O'Kiely, P Dowley, LJ AF Conaghan, Patrick Casler, Michael D. O'Kiely, Padraig Dowley, Leslie J. TI Efficiency of indirect selection for dry matter yield based on fresh matter yield in perennial ryegrass sward plots SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COCKSFOOT DACTYLIS-GLOMERATA; FESCUE FESTUCA-PRATENSIS; LOLIUM-PERENNE; CULTIVAR TRIALS; VARIABILITY; DIGESTIBILITY; AGRICULTURE; INHERITANCE; VARIETIES; DESIGN AB Forage dry matter yield (DMY) is a high-priority trait in breeding perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). However, determining dry matter concentration is highly labor intensive. For a similar level of resources, indirect selection based on fresh matter yield (FMY) would allow a greater number of replicates, genotypes, or both to be evaluated. Our objective was to estimate the efficiency of indirect selection for DMY based on FMY of pure perennial ryegrass sward plots. Over a 14-yr period, replicated trials, containing perennial ryegrass genotypes of similar ploidy and maturity category, were sown in Ireland and assessed for DMY and FMY at each harvest over two consecutive years. Forage was generally surface dry when harvested. The estimated efficiency of indirect selection based on two replicates and comparable selection intensity was high ( >= 0.80). Simulation models indicated that resources would be used more efficiently by evaluating more genotypes than by increasing the number of replicates. For example, doubling the number of plots to increase the number of replicates from two to four indicated an increase in the efficiency of indirect selection from a mean 0.88 to 0.94. However, doubling the number of plots and including more genotypes, facilitating greater selection intensity, indicated an increase in the efficiency of indirect selection from a mean 0.88 to 1.04. This study indicates that FMY can be used successfully as an indirect selection method of increasing DMY in perennial ryegrass swards. C1 [Conaghan, Patrick; Dowley, Leslie J.] TEAGASC, Carlow, Ireland. [Casler, Michael D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [O'Kiely, Padraig] TEAGASC, Grange Beef Res Ctr, Dunsany, Meath, Ireland. RP Conaghan, P (reprint author), TEAGASC, Oak Pk Res Ctr, Carlow, Ireland. EM patrick.conaghan@teagasc.ie NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.05.0274 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400015 ER PT J AU Williams, WP Windham, GL Buckley, PM AF Williams, W. Paul Windham, Gary L. Buckley, Paul M. TI Diallel analysis of aflatoxin accumulation in maize SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS EAR ROT; KERNEL INFECTION; GERMPLASM LINE; CORN GENOTYPES; REGISTRATION; RESISTANCE; FLAVUS; INBREDS; FIELD; INHERITANCE AB Aflatoxin, a toxin produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus Link:Fries, occurs naturally in maize (Zea mays L.). It is a potent carcinogen, and its presence markedly reduces the value of grain. Host-plant resistance to A. flavus infection and subsequent aflatoxin accumulation is generally considered a desirable means of reducing losses to aflatoxin. Maize germplasm lines with resistance to aflatoxin contamination have been developed in Mississippi. Four of the aflatoxin-resistant lines and six other lines were used as parents to produce a diallel Cross. The diallel cross was evaluated for resistance to aflatoxin contamination in field trials conducted in Mississippi in 2005 and 2006. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant sources of variation each year. Reciprocal effects were not significant in 2005 or in the combined analysis over years. In the analysis over years, GCA effects for reduced aflatoxin were highly significant for the four lines developed as sources of resistance: Mp313E, Mp494, Mp715, and Mp717. The GCA effect for reduced aflatoxin was also highly significant for Mo18W and NC408. These lines should be useful in developing maize lines and hybrids with resistance to aflatoxin contamination. Breeding methods that maximize the use of GCA should be effective in enhancing resistance to aflatoxin accumulation when using these germplasm lines. C1 [Williams, W. Paul; Windham, Gary L.; Buckley, Paul M.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Williams, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Paul.Williams@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 134 EP 138 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.05.0306 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400016 ER PT J AU Wooten, DR Livingston, DP Holland, JB Marshall, DS Murphy, JP AF Wooten, David R. Livingston, David P., III Holland, James B. Marshall, David S. Murphy, J. Paul TI Quantitative trait loci and epistasis for crown freezing tolerance in the 'Kanota' x 'Ogle' hexaploid oat mapping population SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; HORDEUM-VULGARE L; CHROMOSOME 5A; CONTROLLING VERNALIZATION; FROST-RESISTANCE; CULTIVATED OAT; FLOWERING TIME; FR1 GENES; WHEAT; WINTERHARDINESS AB Crown freezing tolerance is the most important factor conferring oat (Avena spp.) winter hardiness. The objective of this study was to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) for crown freezing tolerance in the 'Kanota' x 'Ogle' recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population and to examine their relationship with other winter hardiness traits. One hundred thirty-five RILs were evaluated for crown freezing tolerance in a controlled environment. Previously published molecular marker and linkage map information was used for QTL detection. Seven QTL and four complementary epistatic interactions were identified that accounted for 56% of the phenotypic variation. Ogle contributed alleles for increased crown freezing tolerance at three loci, while Kanota contributed alleles for increased crown freezing tolerance at four loci. All loci where Kanota alleles increased crown freezing tolerance showed complementary epistasis for decreased crown freezing tolerance with the QTL near UMN13. Two of the major QTL identified were in the linkage groups (LG) associated with a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 7C and 17, which was previously associated with spring growth habit in oat. The results confirm the importance of the chromosomes involved in the reciprocal 7C-17 translocation in controlling winter hardiness component traits. C1 [Wooten, David R.; Livingston, David P., III; Holland, James B.; Murphy, J. Paul] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Livingston, David P., III; Holland, James B.; Marshall, David S.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Marshall, David S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Murphy, JP (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Box 7629, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM paul_murphy@ncsu.edu OI Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 149 EP 157 DI 10.2135/cropsci2006.12.0793 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400018 ER PT J AU Holbrook, CC Timper, P Dong, WB Kvien, CK Culbreath, AK AF Holbrook, C. Corley Timper, Patricia Dong, Weibo Kvien, Craig K. Culbreath, Albert K. TI Development of near-isogenic peanut lines with and without resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SPOTTED-WILT-VIRUS; CYLINDROCLADIUM BLACK ROT; MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA; MACROPOSTHONIA-ORNATA; BREEDING LINES; REGISTRATION; CULTIVARS; HAPLA AB Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars are available that have high resistance to the peanut root-knot nematode [Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood race 1] or tomato spotted wilt, caused by tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus (TSWV); however, no cultivars exist that have resistance to both pathogens. The objective of this research was to combine resistance to both pathogens in, a single genotype. During the course of this research, we also had the opportunity to develop near-isogenic lines with and without nematode resistance. Such near-isogenic lines can be valuable research tools to obtain a better understanding of the interaction of nematodes with other pathogens of peanut. Breeding populations were developed by hybridizing the TSWV-resistant cultivar C-99R with the nematode-resistant cultivar COAN. Selection for nematode resistance was conducted using standard greenhouse screening techniques. Selection for TSWV resistance was conducted in the field, with natural virus infection. A breeding line (C724-19-15) was selected that had high resistance to both pathogens. A near-isogenic line (C724-19-25) susceptible to the peanut root-knot nematode was also developed. Both breeding lines exhibited higher resistance to TSWV and higher yield than standard check cultivars when grown in fields with little or no nematode pressure. C1 [Holbrook, C. Corley] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Timper, Patricia] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Dong, Weibo; Culbreath, Albert K.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Kvien, Craig K.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Natl Environm Sound Prod Ag Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Holbrook, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM corley.holbrook@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 194 EP 198 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.06.0313 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400023 ER PT J AU Oliver, RE Cal, X Friesen, TL Halley, S Stack, RW Xu, SS AF Oliver, R. E. Cal, X. Friesen, T. L. Halley, S. Stack, R. W. Xu, S. S. TI Evaluation of fusarium head blight resistance in tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SCAB; GRAMINEARUM; MECHANISMS; GENES; DURUM AB Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum) production in North America in recent years has been seriously threatened by epidemics of Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe [teleomorph Gibberella zeae (Schw.) Petch]. Deployment of FHB-resistant cultivars has been considered the most effective and cost-efficient strategy to combat this disease; however, progress in developing FHB-resistant durum wheat cultivars has been hindered by a lack of effective sources of resistance. The objective of this study is to identify tetraploid wheat germplasm that could be used to enhance FHB resistance in durum wheat. We evaluated FHB reactions in 376 accessions of five cultivated subspecies of T turgidum, including Persian wheat [T turgidum subsp. carthlicum (Nevski) A. Love and D. Love], cultivated emmer wheat [T turgidum subsp. dicoccum (Schrank ex Schubler) Thell], Polish wheat [T turgidum subsp. polonicum (L.) Thell.], Oriental wheat [T turgidum subsp. turanicum (Jakubz.) A. Love and D. Love], and Poulard wheat (T turgidum L. subsp. turgidum). We used point inoculation to evaluate resistance to the spread of infection over three greenhouse seasons and used the grain inoculum method of inoculation to evaluate putatively resistant accessions in two field locations. Preliminary evaluation data showed that 16 T turgidum subsp. carthlicum and 4 T turgidum subsp. dicoccum accessions consistently exhibited resistance or moderate resistance to FHB. These accessions likely carry genetic resistance to FHB and could be used directly in breeding programs to enhance FHB resistance in durum wheat. C1 [Friesen, T. L.; Xu, S. S.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Oliver, R. E.; Cal, X.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Stack, R. W.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Halley, S.] N Dakota State Univ, Langdon Res Extens Ctr, Langdon, ND 58249 USA. RP Xu, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM steven.xu@ars.usda.go NR 37 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 9 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 213 EP 222 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.03.0129 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400026 ER PT J AU Zhang, JX Jin, Y Rudd, JC Bockelman, HE AF Zhang, Julia X. Jin, Yue Rudd, Jackie C. Bockelman, Harold E. TI New fusarium head blight resistant spring wheat germplasm identified in the USDA national small grains collection SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SCAB; REGISTRATION; CEREALS; SPP. AB Fusarium head blight (FHB; caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) is one of the most destructive wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) diseases worldwide. Sources of FHB resistance are limited. The objectives of this study were to screen selected spring wheat accessions in the USDA National Small Grains Collection for FHB reactions using FHB index, visual scabby kernel (VSK), and cleoxynivalenol (DON) content. A total of 1035 spring wheat accessions were initially screened in unreplicated field evaluation nurseries in 1998 and 1999. Accessions with low FHB were selected as putative resistant materials and were tested in replicated trials from 1999 to 2002. After three or more years of evaluation, 73 accessions with resistance were identified, including 10 accessions previously reported as resistant to FHB. Selections from Europe had the highest percentage of resistance to VSK, followed by selections from South America and Asia. We concluded that there is diversity for FHB resistance in wheat. Fusarium head blight resistance identified from Europe appeared to be unique in that these accessions normally displayed a moderate level of disease in the field, but a higher level of resistance based on VSK and DON. The discovery of diverse resistant sources will provide diversity so that higher levels of resistance could be developed. The novelty and types of FHB resistance in these selections should be further characterized using molecular markers and different inoculation techniques. C1 [Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Zhang, Julia X.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Rudd, Jackie C.] Texas A&M Agr Res Ctr, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. [Bockelman, Harold E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Jin, Y (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM yuejin@umn.edu NR 29 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 223 EP 235 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.02.0116 PG 13 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400027 ER PT J AU Tsilo, TJ Jin, Y Anderson, JA AF Tsilo, Toi J. Jin, Yue Anderson, James A. TI Diagnostic microsatellite markers for the detection of stem rust resistance gene Sr36 in diverse genetic backgrounds of wheat SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-GRAMINIS; UNITED-STATES; RACES; MAP AB The wheat stem rust resistance gene Sr36, derived from Triticum timopheevi, confers a high level of resistance against a new race (TTKS, or commonly known as Ug99) and many other races of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. Because Sr36-virulent races exist, breeding for durable resistance would require pyramiding Sr36 with other genes, a process that can be facilitated by DNA markers. The aim of this study was to identify and validate microsatellite markers for the detection of Sr36 in wheat breeding programs. Two populations of 122 F-2 (LMPG x Sr36/9*LMPG) and 112 F-2 ('Chinese Spring' x W2691Sr36-1) were evaluated for stem rust reaction. Both populations exhibited distorted segregation with a preferential transmission of the Sr36-carrying segment. Three markers, Xstm773-2, Xgwm319, and Xwmc477, were in complete linkage with Sr36 in the LMPG x Sr36/9*LMPG population. In the Chinese Spring x W2691Sr36-1 population, Xgwm319 was 0.9 cM away from Xstm773-2, Xwmc477, and Sr36. These codominant markers were easy to score and diagnostic for Sr36 in a set of 76 wheat cultivars and breeding lines developed in 12 countries. Together, these markers can be used in marker-assisted selection of Sr36. C1 [Tsilo, Toi J.; Anderson, James A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Yue] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Tsilo, TJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, 411 Borlaug Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM tsilo001@umn.edu RI Tsilo, Toi/G-5088-2011 NR 35 TC 46 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 10 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 253 EP 261 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.04.0204 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400030 ER PT J AU Pettigrew, WT AF Pettigrew, W. T. TI The effect of higher temperatures on cotton lint yield production and fiber quality SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L; NIGHT TEMPERATURE; GROWTH; RESPIRATION AB An optimal temperature range exists for cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). When Mississippi Delta cotton experiences temperatures above the upper threshold as can occur during the summer, it is not entirely clear what growth parameters are affected by the heat. The objectives of this studywere to document differences in agronomic and physiological performance for two cotton genotypes (SureGrow 125 and SureGrow 125BR) when grown under an ambient temperature control and a warm temperature regime (about 1 degrees C warmer). Field studies were conducted from 2003 through 2005. White bloom counts, nodes above white bloom (NAWB) data, dry matter partitioning data lint yield, yield components and fiber quality data were collected. Genotypes responded similarly to the temperature regimes. Warmer temperatures resulted in lower NAWB data, indicating a slightly advanced crop maturity. In two out of three years the lint yield from the warm regime was 10% lower than that of the control. This reduction was primarily caused by a 6% smaller boll mass, with 7% fewer seed produced per boll in the warm. regime. Fiber produced in the warm temperature regime was consistently 3% stronger than fiber in the control treatment. When temperatures become too hot, ovule fertilization may be compromised, leading to fewer seeds produced per boll, smaller boll masses, and ultimately, lint yield reductions. C1 USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Pettigrew, WT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, POB 345, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM bill.pettigrew@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 42 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 21 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 278 EP 285 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.05.0261 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400033 ER PT J AU Doehlert, DC Jannink, JL McMullen, MS AF Doehlert, Douglas C. Jannink, Jean-Luc McMullen, Michael S. TI Size distributions of different orders of kernels within the oat spikelet SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Oat kernel size uniformity is of interest to the oat milling industry because kernel size is important in the dehulling process. Previous studies indicated that oat kernel size distributions are bimodal. In this study oat spikelets were dissected into primary, secondary, and tertiary kernels and kernel size distributions were determined for each of these kernel orders by digital image analysis. Spikelets with two kernels are the most abundant, and their primary and secondary kernels have distinctly different size distributions. These two kernel spikelets appear to be responsible for the bimodal distribution observed among oat kernels. Primary kernels from single kernel spikelets and primary, secondary, and tertiary kernels from triple kernel spikelets all had different mean sizes and distributions. These kernels appeared to contribute to deviations from bimodal distributions. Thus, data presented provide direct definitive evidence that the non-Gaussian distributions observed for oat kernel sizes are derived from the combination of subpopulations from each of the different orders of kernels from within the spikelet. Sieving analysis of kernel types indicated that for the samples analyzed here, secondary kernels from two kernel spikelets and tertiary kernels from three kernel spikelets appear to contribute equally to undersized kernels under 2 mm in width. Thus, from a kernel size prospective, no advantage can be attributed to the elimination of three kernel spikelets by selective breeding. C1 [Doehlert, Douglas C.] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [McMullen, Michael S.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Jannink, Jean-Luc] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Soil & Nutr Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Doehlert, DC (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Hard Red Spring & Durum Wheat Qual Lab, Harris Hall, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM douglas.doehlert@ndsu.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 298 EP 304 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.01.0016 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400035 ER PT J AU Armstrong, KL Albrecht, KA Lauer, JG Riday, H AF Armstrong, Kevin L. Albrecht, Kenneth A. Lauer, Joseph G. Riday, Heathcliffe TI Intercropping corn with lablab bean, velvet bean, and scarlet runner bean for forage SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HYBRID INFLUENCE; YIELD; SILAGE; MAIZE; QUALITY AB This experiment was designed to determine if intercropping corn (Zea mays L.) with climbing beans is a viable option to increase crude protein (CP) concentration in forage rather than purchasing costly protein supplements for livestock rations. In these experiments, corn was intercropped with three beans-lablab bean [Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet], velvet bean [Mucuna pruriens (L.) D.C.], and scarlet runner bean (Phaseolus coccineus L.)-or grown in monoculture near Arlington and Lancaster, WI. Corn was sown in early May and late April in 2004 and 2005, respectively, and later thinned to 55,000 (low density) or 82,500 (normal density) plants ha(-1). Beans were sown in rows 8 cm on one side of the corn rows at 82,500 plants ha(-1) 2 or 4 wk after corn planting. Averaged over four environments, mixture forage dry matter (DM) yields were similar. However the velvet bean and scarlet runner bean mixtures produced significantly higher forage DM yield, 1.2 Mg ha(-1) and 0.89 Mg ha(-1) more, respectively, in the late bean planting treatment. Beans, except scarlet runner bean, which was damaged by mold and insects, increased the CP concentration of all mixtures, with the greatest increases from the lablab bean (13%) and velvet bean (16%). The experiments show that lablab bean grown with corn has the greatest potential of the three beans to increase CP concentration above monoculture corn, without compromising forage yield or calculated milk ha(-1) and increasing forage nutrient value. C1 [Armstrong, Kevin L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Albrecht, Kenneth A.; Lauer, Joseph G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Riday, Heathcliffe] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Armstrong, KL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, 1102 S Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM karmstro@uiuc.edu RI Riday, Heathcliffe/C-6091-2009 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 371 EP 379 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.04.0244 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400043 ER PT J AU Skinner, RH AF Skinner, R. Howard TI Yield, root growth, and soil water content in drought-stressed pasture mixtures containing chicory SO CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FORAGE CHICORY; NUTRITIVE-VALUE; BOTANICAL COMPOSITION; HERBAGE PRODUCTION; HYDRAULIC LIFT; PUNA CHICORY; PRODUCTIVITY; PERSISTENCE; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN AB Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.), a deep-rooted forb, has potential for inclusion in pasture mixtures because of its reported drought tolerance and high productivity during summer months. This study examined how adding chicory to pasture, mixtures affected forage yield, root growth, and soil moisture extraction under drought. The experiment was planted in August 2002. Movable rainout shelters were used to control water application in the field. Adding chicory to, orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata, L.)-white clover (Trifolium repens L.) or perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)- white clover mixtures increased drought tolerance in 2003 when chicory constituted 24 to 39% of harvested forage biomass. Chicory mortality was high, decreasing from 39% of harvested forage yield under drought stress in early summer 2003 to 9% in late summer 2004. Improved yield under drought stress was not observed in 2004 when chicory constituted only 9 to 16% of the mixture. The three-species mixtures in 2003 had greater root counts than the two-species mixtures at soil depths below about 70 cm under well-watered conditions, but a greater proliferation of roots, at depths below 70 cm was observed for the two-species mixture under drought stress. Both mixtures appeared capable of nighttime transfer of soil water from deep to shallow soil layers, thereby improving water availability to shallow roots. However, improved drought tolerance of the three-species mixture was probably related to improved water use efficiency rather than to greater access to and extraction of deep soil moisture. C1 USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, Bldg 3702,Curtin Rd, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM howard.skinner@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 36 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0011-183X J9 CROP SCI JI Crop Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 1 BP 380 EP 388 DI 10.2135/cropsci2007.04.0201 PG 9 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 259WK UT WOS:000252971400044 ER PT B AU McCreight, JD Wintermantel, WM AF McCreight, J. D. Wintermantel, W. M. BE Pitrat, M TI Potential new sources of genetic resistance in melon to Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus SO CUCURBITACEAE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY MAY 21-27, 2008 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP EUCARPIA DE Cucumis melo; CYSDV; Crinivirus; Closteroviridae; closterovirus ID ARIZONA; CALIFORNIA; SQUASH; CROPS; CYSDV AB Cucurbit yellow stunting disorder virus (CYSDV) emerged as a new pathogen on fall melons (Cucumis melo L.) in the western U.S. and Mexico in 2006, recurred in 2007, and is now firmly established in the region. Replicated, naturally infected field tests of genetically diverse melon cultigens were evaluated for resistance to CYSDV in Imperial Valley, Calif. and Yuma, Ariz. in 2006 and 2007. Melon Plant Introduction (PI) 3 13970 expressed high-level resistance to CYSDV at both locations in both years. Three sources of TGR-1551 ( PI 482420) exhibited high-level resistance to the California strain of CYSDV in 2007. Three of 96 accessions from India are potential sources of unique resistance to CYSDV: Ames 20203, PI 614185, and PI 614213 each had one individual plant with mild symptoms despite their infestation by high numbers of the vector, sweet potato whitefly biotype-B (Bemisia tabaci Genn.). Resistant and susceptible plants were positive for presence of CYSDV using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nucleic acid hybridization. None of the accessions evaluated expressed immune type resistance. C1 [McCreight, J. D.; Wintermantel, W. M.] USDA ARS, US Agr Res Stn, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP McCreight, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Agr Res Stn, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM Jim.McCreight@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NATL RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE PI PARIS PA 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE BN 978-2-7380-1251-7 PY 2008 BP 173 EP 179 PG 7 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BIX35 UT WOS:000263558500019 ER PT B AU Havey, MJ Meyer, JDF Deleu, W Garcia-Mas, J AF Havey, M. J. Meyer, J. D. F. Deleu, W. Garcia-Mas, J. BE Pitrat, M TI Construction of a fosmid library of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and comparative analyses of the eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E regions from cucumber and melon (Cucumis melo) SO CUCURBITACEAE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY MAY 21-27, 2008 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP EUCARPIA DE Eukaryotic initiation factors; potyvirus resistance; synteny ID LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; GENE STRUCTURES; SATELLITE DNA; RNA VIRUS; RESISTANCE; CUCURBITACEAE; SEQUENCE; ORGANIZATION; MAP AB We undertook comparative sequence analyses to assess synteny between the cucumber and melon genomes. A fosmid library Of Cucumber was synthesized and end sequencing of random fosmids produced over 680 kilobases, of which 25% was similar to ribosomal DNAs, 23% to satellite sequences, 22% to coding regions in other plants, 4% to transposable elements, 12% to mitochondrial and chloroplast sequences, and 13% showed no lilts to the databases. The relatively high frequencies of ribosomal and satellite DNAs are consistent with previous analyses Of Cucumber DNA. Cucumber fosmids were selected and sequenced that carried eukaryotic initiation factors eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E, genes associated with recessively inherited resistances to potyviruses in plants. Indels near eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E mapped independently of zym, a recessive locus conditioning resistance to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus, establishing that these candidate genes are not zym. Cucumber sequences were compared with melon BACs carrying eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E and extensive sequence conservation and synteny were revealed between cucumber and melon. This microsynteny will aid in the cloning of orthologous genes from both species, and allow genomic resources developed for one Cucumis species to be used for analyses in other species. C1 [Havey, M. J.; Meyer, J. D. F.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Havey, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mjhavey@wisc.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INST NATL RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE PI PARIS PA 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE BN 978-2-7380-1251-7 PY 2008 BP 207 EP 211 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BIX35 UT WOS:000263558500023 ER PT B AU Ling, KS Harris, K Meyer, JDF Levi, A Guner, N Wehner, TC Havey, MJ AF Ling, K. S. Harris, K. Meyer, J. D. F. Levi, A. Guner, N. Wehner, T. C. Havey, M. J. BE Pitrat, M TI Identification of a CAPS marker in an eIF4E gene linked to Zucchini yellow mosaic virus resistance in watermelon SO CUCURBITACEAE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY MAY 21-27, 2008 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP EUCARPIA DE Citrullus; inheritance; recessive gene; potyvirus ID INHERITANCE; EVOLUTION; FLORIDA AB Genes that encode eukaryotic Initiation factors (eIF) 4E and iso(4E) have been associated with the recessively inherited resistance to potyviruses in a number of plant species. Using previously developed degenerate primers, partial eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E gene sequence regions were obtained through polymerase chain reaction of the genomic DNA templates prepared from the Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV)-resistant U.S. Plant Introduction (PI) 595203, and the ZYMV-susceptible 'New Hampshire Midget' (NHM). A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was identified in the intron II region of the eIF4E sequence between the resistant and susceptible parental genotypes. F(2) and BC(1) populations were developed using PI 595203 and NHM and each plant was phenotyped for resistance to ZYMV and resistance was found to be conferred by a single recessive gene. A codominant Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequence (CAPS) marker was created using the identified SNP in the eIF4E gene. This marker was linked to the ZYMV resistance locus (zym) at a linkage distance of 7 cM as estimated with the F(2) and BC(1) Populations. A marker in the eIF(iso)4E gene was created and was not linked to the ZYMV resistance locus. C1 [Ling, K. S.; Harris, K.; Levi, A.] USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Ling, KS (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM Kai.Ling@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU INST NATL RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE PI PARIS PA 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE BN 978-2-7380-1251-7 PY 2008 BP 213 EP 218 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BIX35 UT WOS:000263558500024 ER PT B AU Levi, A Wechter, WP Harris, KR Davis, AR Fei, Z Giovannoni, JJ Trebitsh, T Salman, A Hernandez, A Thimmapuram, J Tadmor, Y Portnoy, V Katzir, N AF Levi, A. Wechter, W. P. Harris, K. R. Davis, A. R. Fei, Z. Giovannoni, J. J. Trebitsh, T. Salman, A. Hernandez, A. Thimmapuram, J. Tadmor, Y. Portnoy, V. Katzir, N. BE Pitrat, M TI Expression and polymorphism of watermelon fruit ESTs SO CUCURBITACEAE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY MAY 21-27, 2008 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP EUCARPIA DE Microarray; polymorphism ID TRACHEARY ELEMENT DIFFERENTIATION; NORMALIZATION; ETHYLENE; TOMATO; GENES AB Over 8,000 ESTs were generated for watermelon and were assembled into 4,700 EST-unigenes (http://www.icugi.org). Microarray and Real-Time PCR analyses were used to examine differential expression of 832 of these EST-unigenes in developing and ripening watermelon fruit. RNA was isolated from watermelon fruits (in three sequential stages of development and ripening) and from young leaves of field grown plants (during three consecutive years). The microarray analysis identified 335 EST-unigenes differentially expressed (by at least two-fold when compared to leaf) in watermelon fruit during the early, ripening, or mature stage. A considerable number of these watermelon ESTs are associated with vascular system differentiation and development, ethylene biosynthesis, fruit softening, carotenoid and flavonoid biosynthesis, transcriptional regulation, and pathogen and stress response. Quantitative Real-Time PCR experiments with 127 ESTs validated their expression ill the microarray analysis. This study highlights the critical phase of vascular system formation and ethylene involvement in the developing and ripening watermelon fruit. Primers were constructed for 110 of the watermelon fruit-ESTs and were used in PCR amplification experiments with genomic DNA of 25 heirloom cultivars to amplify EST-PCR markers. About 14% of these EST-PCR markers were polymorphic among the heirloom cultivars, indicating that polymorphism may be detected without great difficulty in coding regions of genes associated with watermelon fruit quality. The polymorphic EST-PCR markers can be useful in the construction of a genetic linkage map for watermelon and identifying genes associated with watermelon fruit quality. C1 [Levi, A.; Wechter, W. P.; Harris, K. R.] ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, Charleston, SC USA. RP Levi, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Vegetable Lab, 2700 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC USA. EM Amnon.Levi@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INST NATL RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE PI PARIS PA 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE BN 978-2-7380-1251-7 PY 2008 BP 257 EP 262 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BIX35 UT WOS:000263558500029 ER PT B AU Davis, AR Webber, CL Perkins-Veazie, P Ruso, V Galarza, SL Sakata, Y AF Davis, A. R. Webber, C. L., III Perkins-Veazie, P. Ruso, V. Galarza, S. Lopez Sakata, Y. BE Pitrat, M TI A review of production systems on watermelon quality SO CUCURBITACEAE 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF THE IXTH EUCARPIA MEETING ON GENETICS AND BREEDING OF CUCURBITACEAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae CY MAY 21-27, 2008 CL Avignon, FRANCE SP EUCARPIA DE Citrullus lanatus; lycopene; Brix; quality; organics; grafting ID TRIPLOID WATERMELON; FUSARIUM-WILT; FRUIT YIELD; INHIBITION; CULTIVARS; CUCUMBER; TOMATOES; DEFICIT; PLANTS AB Cultural practices have been reported to affect quality and phytonutrient content of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai]. Knowing which cultivars perform well under various technologies and production systems, and knowing how these systems affect quality and phytonutrient content is imperative to ensure high quality fruit. Organic production and grafting are two cultural practices that are increasing among watermelon producers. Each of these technologies have the potential to interact with cultivars to influence watermelon quality. This review discusses the effects organic Culture, Input level, and grafting have on watermelon fruit quality. C1 [Davis, A. R.; Webber, C. L., III; Perkins-Veazie, P.; Ruso, V.] ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, Lane, OK 74555 USA. RP Davis, AR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, S Cent Agr Res Lab, POB 159,Hwy 3 W, Lane, OK 74555 USA. EM adavis-usda@lane-ag.org NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST NATL RECHERCHE AGRONOMIQUE PI PARIS PA 147 RUE DE L'UNIVERSITE, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE BN 978-2-7380-1251-7 PY 2008 BP 515 EP 520 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BIX35 UT WOS:000263558500073 ER PT S AU Zimba, PV AF Zimba, P., V BE Hudnell, HK TI ARS research on harmful algal blooms in SE USA aquaculture impoundments SO CYANOBACTERIAL HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS: STATE OF THE SCIENCE AND RESEARCH NEEDS SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Cyanobacterial Algal Blooms - State of the Science and Research Needs CY SEP 06-10, 2005 CL Research Triangle Park, NC C1 USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zimba, PV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RI Zimba, Paul/O-2778-2013 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 BN 978-0-387-75864-0 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2008 VL 619 BP 577 EP 578 PG 2 WC Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Research & Experimental Medicine GA BHO77 UT WOS:000254893200054 ER PT J AU Hart, EJ Pinton, A Powell, A Wall, R King, WA AF Hart, E. J. Pinton, A. Powell, A. Wall, R. King, W. A. TI Meiotic recombination in normal and clone bulls and their offspring SO CYTOGENETIC AND GENOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th North American Colloquium on Animal Cytogenetics and Gene Mapping CY JUL 03-07, 2005 CL Univ Guadalajara, Puerto Vallarta, MEXICO HO Univ Guadalajara ID MOUSE SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEXES; CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER; CHIASMA FREQUENCY; MISMATCH REPAIR; MEIOSIS; CATTLE; OOCYTES; EMBRYOS; RATES AB Homologous chromosome pairing and recombination are essential components of meiosis and sexual reproduction. The reshuffling of genetic material through breakage and reunion of chromatids ensure proper segregation of homologous chromosomes in reduction division and genetic diversity in the progeny. The advent of somatic cell nuclear transfer ( SCNT) as a reproductive biotechnology for use in livestock industry has made it easy to bypass these vital steps. However, few studies have been carried out on the impact of SCNT on the reproductive characteristics of cloned animals and, none to date, on the meiotic processes in animals, which were created by circumventing meiosis. In an attempt to assess the impact of cloning by SCNT on the meiotic processes, we undertook an immunocytological comparison of recombination in normal and clone bulls using antibodies raised against the synaptonemal complex protein 3 (SCP3) to label the lateral elements and the mismatch repair protein 1 (MLH1) foci on bivalents as indicators of recombination events. Our studies involving five normal bulls of proven fertility, two SCNT-derived bulls, and four mature offspring of SCNT bulls showed that the mean number of crossing over per spermatocyte for normal bulls (42 +/- 4 SD; ranging from 33 to 56), was not significantly different from that of SCNT-derived bulls (43 +/- 5 SD; ranging from 35 to 56), and the offspring of SCNT-derived bulls (43 +/- 5 SD; ranging from 37 to 58). It would appear that circumventing meiosis to produce these animals does not influence the meiotic processes revealed by MLH1 foci detected in spermatocytes. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel. C1 [Hart, E. J.; King, W. A.] Univ Guelph, Dept Biomed Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Pinton, A.] Natl Vet Sch, UMR 444 INRA ENVT, Toulouse, France. [Powell, A.; Wall, R.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Hart, EJ (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Biomed Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. EM waking@uoguelph.ca NR 25 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-8581 J9 CYTOGENET GENOME RES JI Cytogenet. Genome Res. PY 2008 VL 120 IS 1-2 BP 97 EP 101 DI 10.1159/000118745 PG 5 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 299UE UT WOS:000255779700011 PM 18467830 ER PT J AU Devall, MS Sutherland, EK AF Devall, Margaret S. Sutherland, Elaine K. TI Papers from the 7th International Conference on Dendrochronology - Cultural Diversity, Environmental Variability SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Devall, Margaret S.] US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Sutherland, Elaine K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Devall, MS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, POB 227, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM mdevall@fs.fed.us; esutherland@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1125-7865 J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA JI Dendrochronologia PY 2008 VL 26 IS 3 BP 143 EP 144 DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2008.09.001 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Physical Geography GA 385OM UT WOS:000261823500001 ER PT J AU Smith, KT Balouet, JC Oudijk, G AF Smith, Kevin T. Balouet, Jean Christophe Oudijk, Gil TI Elemental line scanning of an increment core using EDXRF: From fundamental research to environmental forensics applications SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Dendrochronology CY JUN 11-17, 2006 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Environmental monitoring; Dendrochronology; Dendroecology; Dendrochemistry; Soil and ground water contamination ID MULTIELEMENT ANALYSIS; SULFUR NUTRITION; SPECTROMETRY; TREES; DENDROECOLOGY; GEOCHEMISTRY; FUNGI; TOOL AB Environmental forensics seeks to determine the responsible parties for contamination from leaks or spills of petroleum or other toxic products. Dendrochemistry contributes to environmental forensics at the intersection of analytical chemistry, tree biology, and environmental responsibility. To be useful, dendrochemistry requires the rigorous application of analytical techniques as well as an understanding of tree biology. The choice of analytical technique is usually driven by tradeoffs among the selection of chemical elements or molecules of interest, sensitivity and discrimination, spatial resolution, ease of sample preparation, availability, sample destructiveness, and cost. One useful solid-state spectroscopic technique for dendrochemical analysis is energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF). This method provides essentially non-destructive, simultaneous detection of a number of elements with an adjustable spatial resolution, typically from 0.1 to 0.3 mm. The most commonly targeted elements are S and Cl as markers for fossil fuels. Cl for solvents, and Pb for leaded gasoline. Other metal elements may also be used as indicators of mining and smelting. For elements that are not normally present in appreciable amounts in wood, the mere presence of the element anywhere in the tree-ring record indicates exposure of the tree to an unusual chemical event or process. Dating the environmental exposure from dendrochemical analysis can be complicated by internal changes in tree chemistry due to wood infection, tree maturation, and wood maturation. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Smith, Kevin T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Balouet, Jean Christophe] Environm Int, F-60129 Orrouy, France. [Oudijk, Gil] Triass Technol, Hopewell, NJ USA. RP Smith, KT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM ktsmith@fs.fed.us NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1125-7865 J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA JI Dendrochronologia PY 2008 VL 26 IS 3 BP 157 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2008.06.001 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Physical Geography GA 385OM UT WOS:000261823500003 ER PT J AU Smith, KT AF Smith, Kevin T. TI An organismal view of dendrochronology SO DENDROCHRONOLOGIA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Dendrochronology CY JUN 11-17, 2006 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Tree biology; Tree rings; Compartmentalization; Organismal biology ID MECHANICAL PERTURBATION; ACID DEPOSITION; WOOD FORMATION; RADIAL GROWTH; NATIONAL-PARK; POPLAR TREES; SUGAR MAPLE; RED SPRUCE; SILVER FIR; STEM AB An organism is the most basic unit of independent life. The tree-ring record is defined by organistnal processes. Dendrochronology contributes to investigations far removed from organismal biology, e.g., archeology, climatology, disturbance ecology, etc. The increasing integration of dendrochronology into a diverse research community suggests an opportunity for a brief review of the organismal basis of tree rings. Trees are dynamic, competitive, and opportunistic organisms with diverse strategies for survival. As with all green plants, trees capture the energy in sunlight to make and break chemical bonds with the elements essential for life. These essential elements are taken from the atmosphere, water, and soil. The long tree-ring series of special interest to dendrochronology result from long-lived trees containing relatively little decayed wood. Both of those features result from organismal biology. While the tree-ring record tells us many things about local, regional, and even global environmental history, tree rings are first a record of tree survival. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Smith, KT (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, 271 Mast Rd, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM ktsmith@fs.fed.us NR 60 TC 11 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1125-7865 EI 1612-0051 J9 DENDROCHRONOLOGIA JI Dendrochronologia PY 2008 VL 26 IS 3 SI SI BP 185 EP 193 DI 10.1016/j.dendro.2008.06.002 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Geography, Physical SC Plant Sciences; Forestry; Physical Geography GA 385OM UT WOS:000261823500006 ER PT S AU Lebow, ST Highley, T AF Lebow, Stan T. Highley, Terry BE Schultz, TP Militz, H Freeman, MH Goodell, B Nicholas, DD TI Regional Biodeterioration Hazards in the United States SO DEVELOPMENT OF COMMERCIAL WOOD PRESERVATIVES: EFFICACY, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND HEALTH ISSUES SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 229th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 13-17, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS), ACS, Div Cellulose & Renewable Mat, Akzo Nobel Function Chem, Arch Wood Protect Inc, Ciba Specialty Chem, Eastman Chem Co, ISK Biocides Inc, Janssen Pharmaceutica, Lonza Inc, Merichem Co, FWRC, Mississippi State Univ, Nisus Corp, Osmose Hold Inc, Pibro Tech Inc, US Borax, Rio Tinto Minerals, Sostram Corp, Viance LLC, Weyerhaeuser Co ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITE ISOPTERA; UNTREATED WOOD; RHINOTERMITIDAE; TEMPERATURE; DURABILITY; DEPLETION; SURVIVAL; FORMOSAN; FUNGI; O2 AB It is well recognized that the rate of wood biodeterioration varies by geographic region across the United States. However, our understanding of the relationship between geographic location and biodeterioration hazard remains largely qualitative. This paper reviews the current state of the knowledge on biodeterioration hazard zones, including a discussion of the basis for, and experiences with, the classic Scheffer climate index for aboveground exposure. The discussion is expanded to cover biodeterioration hazard zones for wood placed in ground contact and the geographic implications for attack by termites and other insects. Finally, this paper discusses the relevance of biodeterioration hazard zones to the development and interpretation of durability tests for wood products. RP Lebow, ST (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-3951-7 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2008 VL 982 BP 120 EP 141 PG 22 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA BYB55 UT WOS:000297826700006 ER PT J AU Ye, LL Tu, WB Liu, XD Simister, NE Zhu, XP AF Ye, Lilin Tuo, Wenbin Liu, Xindong Simister, Neil E. Zhu, Xiaoping TI Identification and characterization of an alternatively spliced variant of the MHC class I-related porcine neonatal Fc receptor for IgG SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FcRn; epithelial; MHC; endosome; lysosome; porcine ID INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PH-DEPENDENT BINDING; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; CDNA LIBRARIES; GAMMA-GLOBULIN; HEAVY-CHAIN; EXPRESSION; GENE; ISOFORMS AB The neonatal Fc receptor for immunoglobulin G (IgG) (FcRn) functions to transport maternal IgG to the fetal/neonatal animals and protects IgG from catabolism. The present study identified two pFcRn cDNAs (1.071 and 0.795 kb) from intestinal epithelial cells. The corresponding mRNA transcripts were detected in porcine kidney cell tine LLC-PK1, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and porcine tissues by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) and Northern blot. Sequence analysis showed that the 1.071 kb cDNA encodes the full-length pFcRn (pFcRn-L), whereas the 0.795 kb cDNA codes for a truncated pFcRn (pFcRn-S) with deletion of 92 amino acids matching the alpha 2 domain of pFcRn-L. pFcRn-L was constitutively expressed by epithelial cells; however, pFcRn-S was not detectable in porcine tissues and cell tines although its transcript was abundant. Despite the tack of native pFcRn-S, pFcRn-S was readily detected in transfected cells. Recombinant pFcRn-L was confirmed to bind IgG at pH 6.0, but not at pH 7.5; however, pFcRn-S failed to bind IgG at both pH 5.0-6.0 and 7.5. pFcRn-L was expressed on the cell surface and mainly localized in early endosomes. In contrast, pFcRn-S was absent from cell surface and primarily localized in the lysosome and pFcRn-S trafficking to lysosomes was independent of beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)m). The accumulation of pFcRn-S in the lysosome may explain the absence of native pFcRn-S protein expression. In addition, the trafficking of pFcRn-S to the lysosomal compartment suggests that in addition to sorting signals in its cytoplasmic tail, the FcRn structural integrity may be important for proper intracellular trafficking and function. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ye, Lilin; Liu, Xindong; Zhu, Xiaoping] Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Immunol Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Tuo, Wenbin] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Simister, Neil E.; Zhu, Xiaoping] Brandeis Univ, Rosenstiel Ctr Basic Biomed Sci, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Simister, Neil E.; Zhu, Xiaoping] Brandeis Univ, Dept Biol, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. RP Zhu, XP (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Immunol Lab, 8075 Greenmead Dr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM xzhu1@umd.edu RI liu, xindong/F-8422-2014 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI065892-01A1, AI 65892, AI 67965, AI 73139, R01 AI065892, R01 AI065892-02, R21 AI067965, R21 AI067965-01A1, R21 AI067965-02, R21 AI073139, R21 AI073139-01] NR 49 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 8 BP 966 EP 979 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2008.01.008 PG 14 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 295LH UT WOS:000255475500010 PM 18321573 ER PT J AU Johnson, WC Bastos, RG Davis, WC Goff, WL AF Johnson, Wendell C. Bastos, Reginaldo G. Davis, William C. Goff, Will L. TI Bovine WC1(-) gamma delta T cells incubated with IL-15 express the natural cytotoxicity receptor CD335 (NKp46) and produce IFN-gamma in response to exogenous IL-12 and IL-18 SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bovine; gamma delta T cell; CD335; NKp46; IL-15; IFN-gamma; innate immunity ID MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; BABESIA-BOVIS; KILLER-CELLS; NK CELLS; MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; GROWTH ARREST; E-SELECTIN; IN-VITRO; SPLEEN AB The gamma delta T cells of ruminants are believed to participate in innate immunity and have been described with regulatory, inflammatory and cytotoxic functions. Here we describe a subset of CD3(+) TcR1(+) WC1(-) gamma delta T cells expressing CD335 (NKp46), classically associated with CD3(-) natural killer (NK) cells, as a consequence of incubation with IL-15. This population, undetectable at the time of collection, developed after 2 week of IL-15 culture from splenic leukocytes (SPL) reaching greater than 50% of the total gamma delta T cells. However, they did not grow well from peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL). Splenic gamma delta T cells positively selected by magnetic separation prior to incubation with IL-15 and analyzed by flow cytometry, consistently yielded CD3(+) cells expressing CD335. These cells arose from the CD335(-) gamma delta T cell population suggesting that the new population represents up-regulation of CD335 by gamma delta T cells. CD335 mRNA expression from sorted IL-15-incubated SPL CD335(+) gamma delta T cells or NK cells exceeded that of CD335(-) gamma delta T cells. Incubation with IL-12 and IL-18 increased the number of CD335(+) gamma delta T cells in both the PBL and SPL fractions as compared to controls or IL-12 or IL-18 atone. In addition, CD335(+) gamma delta T cells demonstrated a robust ability to produce IFN-gamma in response to exogenous IL-12 and IL-18. Taken as a whole, we describe a new phenotypically distinct bovine gamma delta T cell sub-population capable of participating in type 1 immune responses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Johnson, Wendell C.; Bastos, Reginaldo G.; Goff, Will L.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Bastos, Reginaldo G.; Davis, William C.] Washington State Univ, Dept Vet Microbiol & Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Goff, WL (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, 3003 ADBF,POB 646630, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM wgoff@vetmed.wsu.edu NR 42 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1002 EP 1010 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2008.01.011 PG 9 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 295LH UT WOS:000255475500013 PM 18329100 ER PT J AU He, HQ Genovese, KJ Nisbet, DJ Kogut, MH AF He, Haiqi Genovese, Kenneth J. Nisbet, David J. Kogut, Michael H. TI Phospholipase C, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, and intracellular [Ca2+] mediate the activation of chicken HD11 macrophage cells by CpG oligodeoxynucleotide SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CpG ODN; nitric oxide; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; intracellular [Ca2+]; protein kinase C; chicken macrophage cells ID NF-KAPPA-B; ENTERICA SEROVAR TYPHIMURIUM; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD MONOCYTES; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; STIMULATED HUMAN; FUNCTIONAL-CHARACTERIZATION; PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES AB The activation of phospholipases is one of the earliest key events in receptor-mediated cellular responses to a number of extracellular signaling molecules. Oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG ODN) mimic microbial DNA and are immunostimulatory to most vertebrate species. In the present study, we used the production of nitric oxide (NO) as an indicator to evaluate the involvement of the signaling cascades of phospholipases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in the activation of chicken HD11 macrophage cells by CpG ODN. Using selective inhibitors, we have identified the involvement of phosphatidylinositol (PI)-phospholipase C (PI-PLC), but not phosphatidylcholine (PC)-phospholipase C (PC-PLC) and PC-phospholipase D (PC-PLD), in CpG ODN-induced NO production in HD11 cells. Preincubation with PI-PLC selective inhibitors (U-73122) completely abrogated CpG ODN-induced NO production in HD11 cells, whereas PC-PLC inhibitor (D609) and PC-PLD inhibitor (n-butanol) had no inhibitory effects. Additionally, inhibition of PI3K and protein kinase C (PKC) with selective inhibitors and chetation of intracellular [Ca2+] also significantly attenuated NO production in CpG ODN-activated HD11 cells. Our results demonstrate that PI-PLC, P13 K, PKC, and intracellular [Ca2+] are important components of the CpG ODN-induced signaling pathway that leads to the production of NO in avian macrophage cells. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [He, Haiqi; Genovese, Kenneth J.; Nisbet, David J.; Kogut, Michael H.] USDA ARS, So Plain Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP He, HQ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plain Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM he@ffsru.usda.gov NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1111 EP 1118 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2008.02.009 PG 8 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 330FR UT WOS:000257926000002 PM 18403015 ER PT J AU Schwarz, RS Bosch, TCG Cadavid, LF AF Schwarz, Ryan S. Bosch, Thomas C. G. Cadavid, Luis F. TI Evolution of polydom-like molecules: Identification and characterization of cnidarian polydom (Cnpolydom) in the basal metazoan Hydractinia SO DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE SVEP1; pentraxin; invertebrate; innate immunity; cnidaria gene; defense; immune challenge ID AMYLOID-P COMPONENT; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; PANCREATIC TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; HEPATOCYTE GROWTH-FACTOR; VON-WILLEBRAND-FACTOR; FACTOR-VIII; STEM-CELLS; DICTYOSTELIUM-DISCOIDEUM; NEMATOSTELLA-VECTENSIS; ANCESTRAL COMPLEXITY AB End sequencing of random BAC clones from a Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) genomic library revealed a gene across a similar to 37.5kb region of the H. symbiolongicorpus genome sharing highest sequence identity and domain architecture to mammalian polydom that we in turn named cnidarian polydom (CnPolydom). Sharing all. eight domain types characteristic of polydom and organized in a similar 5'-3' manner, CnPolydom was predicted to contain three additional domain types: PAN, FA58C, and CUB that are characteristic of CnPolydom. Expression analysis of CnPolydorn from H. symbiolongicarpus (Hysy-CnPolydom) showed upregulation in response to bacterial. and primarily fungal challenges, with transcripts produced specifically by a subset of interstitial stem cells (i-cells) and/or neural cells throughout the ectodermal tissue layer of feeding polyps (gastrozooids). This is the first description of a polydom-like molecule outside of Mammalia and provides evolutionary perspective on the ancestral structure and role of this pentraxin family clade. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Schwarz, Ryan S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Bosch, Thomas C. G.] Univ Kiel, Inst Zool, D-24098 Kiel, Germany. [Cadavid, Luis F.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Biol, Bogota, Colombia. [Cadavid, Luis F.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Inst Genet, Bogota, Colombia. RP Schwarz, RS (reprint author), USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Bldg 1042,BARC E,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM schwarz.ryan@gmail.com RI Bosch, Thomas/D-5218-2011 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR18754] NR 103 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0145-305X J9 DEV COMP IMMUNOL JI Dev. Comp. Immunol. PY 2008 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1192 EP 1210 DI 10.1016/j.dci.2008.03.007 PG 19 WC Immunology; Zoology SC Immunology; Zoology GA 330FR UT WOS:000257926000010 PM 18466971 ER PT S AU Weaver, M Delcambre, LML Nielsen, ML Price, S Maier, D Tolle, T AF Weaver, Mathew Delcambre, Lois M. L. Nielsen, Marianne Lykke Price, Susan Maier, David Tolle, Timothy BE Chen, H Brandt, L Gregg, V Traunmuller, R Dawes, S Hovy, E Macintosh, A Larson, CA TI SUPPORTING DOMAIN-SPECIFIC DIGITAL LIBRARIES IN GOVERNMENT Two Case Studies SO DIGITAL GOVERNMENT: E-GOVERNMENT RESEARCH, CASE STUDIES, AND IMPLEMENTATION SE Integrated Series in Information Systems LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DESIGN AB Government agencies often provide web-accessible collections of documents for use by government employees as well as the general public. In our work, we focus on domain-specific digital libraries where the subject matter of the documents is restricted to the topics of concern in the government work; our goal is to assist government users who are knowledgeable in the domain(s) represented in the collection. We report here on two digital government projects: a project with the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service with a focus on providing comprehensive access to documents produced by the agency for Forest Service managers, and a second project with the national health portal in Denmark, sundhed.dk, with a focus on meeting the information needs of family practice physicians as they treat patients. In this chapter, we describe how the use of a digital library application, Metadata++, can improve document and information retrieval, and we explore other aspects that contribute to project success, such as involvement of government partners, agency commitment, technology transfer, and evaluation. C1 [Weaver, Mathew] EarthSoft Inc, Uikiah, UT USA. [Delcambre, Lois M. L.; Price, Susan; Maier, David] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Tolle, Timothy] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Delcambre, Lois M. L.] Clemson Univ, Div Informat Syst Dev, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Nielsen, Marianne Lykke] Aalborg Business Coll, Aalborg, Denmark. [Nielsen, Marianne Lykke] Royal Sch Lib & Informat Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Weaver, M (reprint author), EarthSoft Inc, Uikiah, UT USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES SN 1571-0270 BN 978-0-387-71611-4 J9 INTEGR SER INFORM SY PY 2008 VL 17 BP 561 EP 583 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-71611-4 PG 23 WC Information Science & Library Science; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Information Science & Library Science; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA BLJ11 UT WOS:000270285800028 ER PT B AU Howell, D Kim, YG Haydu-Houdeshell, CA AF Howell, D. Kim, Y. G. Haydu-Houdeshell, C. A. BE Hartemink, AE McBratney, A deLourdesMendoncaSantos, M TI Development and Application of Digital Soil Mapping Within Traditional Soil Survey: What will it Grow Into? SO DIGITAL SOIL MAPPING WITH LIMITED DATA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping for Regions and Countries with Sparse Soil Spatial Data Infrastructures CY JUL, 2006 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Brazilian Natl Soil Res Ctr ID REFERENCE AREA C1 [Howell, D.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, 1125 16th St,Room 219, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Howell, D (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, 1125 16th St,Room 219, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM David.Howell@ca.usda.gov; ygk1@humboldt.edu; hasenack@ecologia.ufrgs.br NR 14 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-8591-8 PY 2008 BP 43 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8592-5_4 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Soil Science SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Agriculture GA BIJ47 UT WOS:000260070000004 ER PT B AU Hempel, JW Hammer, RD Moore, AC Bell, JC Thompson, JA Golden, ML AF Hempel, J. W. Hammer, R. D. Moore, A. C. Bell, J. C. Thompson, J. A. Golden, M. L. BE Hartemink, AE McBratney, A deLourdesMendoncaSantos, M TI Challenges to Digital Soil Mapping SO DIGITAL SOIL MAPPING WITH LIMITED DATA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Digital Soil Mapping for Regions and Countries with Sparse Soil Spatial Data Infrastructures CY JUL, 2006 CL Rio de Janeiro, BRAZIL SP Brazilian Natl Soil Res Ctr AB Digital Soil Mapping to capture of determine categorical or property information has undergone a tremendous increase in capability and application during the past decade. Many successful technologies have been developed through research activities worldwide, including generalized linear models, classification and regression trees, neural networks, fuzzy systems, expert systems, and geostatistical methods and applications. These technologies have matured beyond a research activity and have potential for use by soil scientists to more accurately, consistently, and efficiently define soil categories and soil properties based on digital proxies to soil-forming factors. These applications for producing soil maps are now poised to become production tools to either update older soil survey information or to produce soil information on previously unmapped areas. As these technologies move into the mainstream for producing soil survey information, there are challenges that must be overcome. The community of soil scientists and soil classifiers engaged in producing soil information must become familiar with the technologies and their potential uses and limitations. More importantly, the users of soil survey information must be convinced of the relevance and applicability of maps and data that appear different from the "traditional" products with which they have become familiar. New challenges include developing acceptable standards and procedures for the production and quality control and interpretation of the information that relates to agricultural, engineering, forestry and other soil-landscape uses. C1 [Hempel, J. W.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, 157 Clark Hall Annex,POB 6301, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Hempel, JW (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, 157 Clark Hall Annex,POB 6301, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jon.hempel@wv.usda.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-8591-8 PY 2008 BP 81 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8592-5_7 PG 5 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Soil Science SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Agriculture GA BIJ47 UT WOS:000260070000007 ER PT B AU Sears, DW Reid, JN AF Sears, David W. Reid, J. Norman BE Pinkowski, J TI The Half-Full Glass: How a Community Can Successfully Come Back Better and Stronger Post-Disaster? SO DISASTER MANGEMENT HANDBOOK SE Public Administration and Public Policy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Sears, David W.] USDA, Bethesda, MD USA. [Reid, J. Norman] Fed Emergency Management Assoc, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Sears, DW (reprint author), USDA, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-5862-8 J9 PUBLIC ADM PUBLIC PO PY 2008 VL 138 BP 493 EP 526 D2 10.1201/9781420058635 PG 34 WC Planning & Development; Public Administration SC Public Administration GA BJN23 UT WOS:000266839800027 ER PT J AU Farmer, C Guan, XF Trottier, NL AF Farmer, Chantal Guan, Xinfu Trottier, Nathalie L. TI Mammary arteriovenous differences of glucose, insulin, prolactin and IGF-I in lactating sows under different protein intake levels SO DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hormones; lactation; mammary; protein intake; sow ID PRIMIPAROUS SOWS; ACID-TRANSPORT; RAT PROLACTIN; GLAND; GROWTH; MILK; PERFORMANCE; PLASMA; TISSUE; SERUM AB Mammary uptake of nutrients is dependent on their availability in the circulation but the role of hormones in that process is not known. Arteriovenous differences (AVD) of glucose and key hormones across the mammary glands were therefore determined in sows fed varying levels of protein. Sixteen lactating sows (four/dietary treatment) were fed a 7.8, 13.0, 18.2 or 23.5% crude protein (CP) isocaloric diet throughout lactation and their litters were standardized to 11 pigs within 48 h of birth. The anterior main mammary vein and a carotid artery were cannulated on day 4 +/- 1 of lactation and blood samples were collected every 30 min over 6 h on days 10, 14, 18 and 22 of lactation to measure glucose, insulin, IGF-I, and prolactin (PRL) concentrations. Amino acid data from these sows were previously published and used here to determine residual correlations. Dietary treatments had no effect on any of the insulin or PRL variables measured (P > 0.1) and, on day 18 only, IGF-I AVD was greater (P=0.05) for sows on the 23.5% compared to the 18.2% diet. On days 18 and 22, sows fed the 13% CP diet had greater arterial, venous and AVD glucose concentrations than sows fed other diets (P < 0.05). Total arterial amino acid concentrations were correlated to arterial insulin (P < 0.001) and PRL (P < 0.05) concentrations, but not to those of IGF-I (P > 0.1). Mammary AVD for total (P < 0.001) and essential amino acids (P < 0.05) were correlated to arterial concentrations of insulin, but not to those of IGF-I (P > 0.1) or PRL (P > 0.1). Mammary AVD of both total (P < 0.0 1) and essential (P < 0.05) amino acids were also correlated to mammary PRL AVD. In conclusion, dietary protein level did not affect mammary AVD and circulating lactogenic hormone concentrations. Yet, amino acid utilization by the sow mammary gland seems to be regulated via both circulating insulin concentrations and PRL binding to and uptake by porcine mammary cells. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Agr & Agri Food Canada, Dairy & Swine R&D Ctr, Sherbrooke, PQ J1M 1Z3, Canada. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Farmer, C (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Dairy & Swine R&D Ctr, PO Box 90,STN Lennoxville, Sherbrooke, PQ J1M 1Z3, Canada. EM farmerc@agr.gc.ca NR 34 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0739-7240 J9 DOMEST ANIM ENDOCRIN JI Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 34 IS 1 BP 54 EP 62 DI 10.1016/i.domaniend.2006.10.004 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Agriculture; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 237HI UT WOS:000251364400006 PM 17118618 ER PT J AU Jones, KB Edmonds, CE Slonecker, ET Wickham, JD Neale, AC Wade, TG Riitters, KH Kepnera, WG AF Jones, K. Bruce Edmonds, Curtis E. Slonecker, E. Terrance Wickham, James D. Neale, Anne C. Wade, Timothy G. Riitters, Kurt H. Kepnera, William G. TI Detecting changes in riparian habitat conditions based on patterns of greenness change: A case study from the upper San Pedro River Basin, USA SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE greenness change; NDVI; riparian ecosystems ID DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; ARID RANGELANDS; ANCILLARY DATA; UNITED-STATES; LANDSAT MSS; ECOSYSTEMS; ARIZONA; FORESTS; COVER AB Healthy riparian ecosystems in and and semi-arid regions exhibit shifting patterns of vegetation in response to periodic flooding. Their conditions also depend upon the amount of grazing and other human uses. Taking advantage of these system properties, we developed and tested an approach that utilizes historical Landsat data to track changes in the patterns of greenness (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) within riparian zones. We tested the approach in the Upper San Pedro River of southeastern Arizona of the US, an unimpounded river system that flows north into the US from northern Mexico. We evaluated changes in the pattern of greenness in the San Pedro River National Conservation Area (SPRNCA), an area protected from grazing and development since 1988, and in a relatively unprotected area north of the SPRNCA (NA). The SPRNCA exhibited greater positive changes in greenness than did the NA. The SPRNCA also exhibited larger, more continuous patches of positive change than did the NA. These pattern differences may reflect greater pressures from grazing and urban sprawl in the NA than in the SPRNCA, as well as differences in floodplain width, depth to ground water, and base geology. The SPRNCA has greater amounts of ground and surface water available to support a riparian gallery forest than does the NA, and this may have influenced changes during the study period. Estimates of the direction of greenness change (positive or negative) from satellite imagery were similar to estimates derived from aerial photography, except in areas where changes were from one type of shrub community to another, and in areas with agriculture. Change estimates in these areas may be more difficult because of relatively low greenness values, and because of differences in soil moisture, sun-angle, and crop rotations among the dates of data collection. The potential for applying a satellite-based, greenness change approach to evaluate riparian ecosystem condition over broad geographic areas is also discussed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA. US EPA, Reston, VA USA. US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. US Forest Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Jones, KB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. EM kbjones@usgs.gov NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 8 IS 1 BP 89 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2007.01.001 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 230XP UT WOS:000250910000009 ER PT J AU Belote, RT Jones, RH Hood, SM Wender, BW AF Belote, R. Travis Jones, Robert H. Hood, Sharon M. Wender, Bryan W. TI Diversity-invasibility across an experimental disturbance gradient in Appalachian forests SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biotic acceptance; biotic resistance; deciduous forests; disturbance; diversity-invasibility relationships; forest management; plant invasions ID EXOTIC SPECIES RICHNESS; PLANT INVASIONS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; BIOTIC RESISTANCE; COMMUNITY; GRASSLAND; PATTERNS; SCALE; BIODIVERSITY AB Research examining the relationship between community diversity and invasions by normative species has raised new questions about the theory and management of biological invasions. Ecological theory predicts, and small-scale experiments confirm, lower levels of nonnative species invasion into species-rich compared to species-poor communities, but observational studies across a wider range of scales often report positive relationships between native and nonnative species richness. This paradox has been attributed to the scale dependency of diversity-invasibility relationships and to differences between experimental and observational studies. Disturbance is widely recognized as an important factor determining invasibility of communities, but few studies have investigated the relative and interactive roles of diversity and disturbance on nonnative species invasion. Here, we report how the relationship between native and nonnative plant species richness responded to an experimentally applied disturbance gradient (from no disturbance up to clearcut) in oak-dominated forests. We consider whether results are consistent with various explanations of diversity-invasibility relationships including biotic resistance, resource availability, and the potential effects of scale (I m 2 to 2 ha). We found no correlation between native and normative species richness before disturbance except at the largest spatial scale, but a positive relationship after disturbance across scales and levels of disturbance. Post-disturbance richness of both native and normative species was positively correlated with disturbance intensity and with variability of residual basal area of trees. These results suggest that more nonnative plants may invade species-rich communities compared to species-poor communities following disturbance. C1 [Belote, R. Travis; Jones, Robert H.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hood, Sharon M.; Wender, Bryan W.] Virginia Tech, Dept Forestry, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hood, Sharon M.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Wender, Bryan W.] Virginia Div Nat Heritage, Roanoke, VA 24019 USA. RP Belote, RT (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM rtbelote@vt.edu RI Hood, Sharon/E-5209-2015 OI Hood, Sharon/0000-0002-9544-8208 NR 37 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 5 U2 37 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1707 H ST NW, STE 400, WASHINGTON, DC 20006-3915 USA SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 89 IS 1 BP 183 EP 192 DI 10.1890/07-0270.1 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 270JN UT WOS:000253717200021 PM 18376560 ER PT J AU Papaik, MJ Sturtevant, B Messier, C AF Papaik, Michael J. Sturtevant, Brian Messier, Christian TI Crossing Scales and Disciplines to Achieve Forest Sustainability SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material DE decision support; ecosystem management; forest sustainability; interdisciplinary modeling; land planning; participatory modeling; scaling; sustainable forest management ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; LAND-USE; MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY; RESILIENCE; LANDSCAPE; OREGON; YIELD C1 [Papaik, Michael J.; Messier, Christian] Univ Quebec Montreal, CEF, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Sturtevant, Brian] US Forest Serv, Inst Appl Ecosyst Studies, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Papaik, MJ (reprint author), Univ Quebec Montreal, CEF, Montreal, PQ, Canada. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2008 VL 13 IS 1 AR 30 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 376IA UT WOS:000261176100003 ER PT J AU Zaccarelli, N Petrosillo, I Zurlini, G Riitters, KH AF Zaccarelli, Nicola Petrosillo, Irene Zurlini, Giovanni Riitters, Kurt Hans TI Source/Sink Patterns of Disturbance and Cross-Scale Mismatches in a Panarchy of Social-Ecological Landscapes SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE disturbance mismatches; disturbance source/sink; multiscale disturbance patterns; panarchy; social-ecological landscapes ID AGRICULTURAL INTENSIFICATION; FARMLAND BIODIVERSITY; MULTIPLE SCALES; INVASIVE SPREAD; HETEROGENEITY; GOVERNANCE; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; IMPACTS; SYSTEMS AB Land-use change is one of the major factors affecting global environmental change and represents a primary human effect on natural systems. Taking into account the scales and patterns of human land uses as source/sink disturbance systems, we describe a framework to characterize and interpret the spatial patterns of disturbances along a continuum of scales in a panarchy of nested jurisdictional social-ecological landscapes (SELs) like region, provinces, and counties. We detect and quantify those scales through the patterns of disturbance relative to land use/land cover exhibited on satellite imagery over a 4-yr period in the Apulia region, South Italy. By using moving windows to measure composition (amount) and spatial configuration (contagion) of disturbance, we identify multiscale disturbance source/sink trajectories in the pattern metric space defined by composition and configuration of disturbance. We group disturbance trajectories along a continuum of scales for each location (pixel) according to broad land-use classes for each SEL level in the panarchy to identify spatial scales and geographical regions where disturbance is more or less concentrated in space indicating disturbance sources, sinks, and mismatches. We also group locations by clustering, and results are compared in the same pattern space and interpreted with respect to disturbance trajectories derived from random, multifractal and hierarchical neutral models. We show that in the real geographical world spatial mismatches of disturbances can occur at particular scale ranges because of cross scale disparities in land uses for the amount and contagion of disturbance, leading to more or less exacerbation of contrasting source/sink systems along certain scale domains. All cross-scale source/sink issues can produce both negative and positive effects on the scales above and below their levels, i.e., cross-scale effects. Through the framework outlined in our examples, managers, as well as stakeholders belonging to SELs in the panarchy, can be aware of specific scale ranges of disturbance where mismatches might occur and that will help them to value where and how to intervene in the panarchy of SELs to enhance the benefits and to minimize negative effects. C1 [Zaccarelli, Nicola; Petrosillo, Irene; Zurlini, Giovanni] Univ Salento, Landscape Ecol Lab, Lecce, Italy. [Riitters, Kurt Hans] US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Zaccarelli, N (reprint author), Univ Salento, Landscape Ecol Lab, Lecce, Italy. RI Zaccarelli, Nicola/B-9159-2008; Petrosillo, Irene/N-8039-2015 OI Zaccarelli, Nicola/0000-0002-3146-0910; Petrosillo, Irene/0000-0002-7359-4095 NR 61 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 15 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2008 VL 13 IS 1 AR 26 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 376IA UT WOS:000261176100031 ER PT S AU Lodge, DJ McDowell, WH Macy, J Ward, SK Leisso, R Claudio-Campos, K Kuhnert, K AF Lodge, D. Jean McDowell, William H. Macy, Jordan Ward, Sarah Katherine Leisso, Rachel Claudio-Campos, Karla Kuehnert, Kerstin BE Boddy, L Frankland, JC VanWest, P TI Distribution and Role of Mat-Forming Saprobic Basidiomycetes in a Tropical Forest SO ECOLOGY OF SAPROTROPHIC BASIDIOMYCETES SE British Mycological Society Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NITROGEN ADDITIONS; ORGANIC-MATTER; NUTRIENT LIMITATION; LITTER DECAY; PUERTO-RICO; DECOMPOSITION; FUNGI; ECOSYSTEMS; DEPOSITION AB This chapter provides a brief synopsis of previous studies on the ecology of agaric decomposers that form litter 'mats' in tropical forests, augmented by data from temperate forest studies. Description of several experiments in tropical forests of the Luquillo Mountains in Puerto Rico is included. These studies showed higher rates of mass loss in leaves that were decomposed on basidiomycete mycelia (i.e., white-rot) than in the absence of basidiomycetes. The density of litter mats that were bound by basidiomycetes decreased with elevation and increased with slope. Addition of nitrogen inhibited mycelial growth. Capture of new litter by basidiomycetes was inhibited by nitrogen at high elevation. Litter-binding basidiomycetes exhibited differential responses to moisture, associated with full and partial shades. Micromphale bevipes was the only species that grew better in partial than in full shade. Marasmius crinis-equi had the highest rates of new attachments to litter in both full and partial shade, and was considered most suitable for use in restoration of steep road cuts and landslides to reduce erosion. C1 [Lodge, D. Jean] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. [Leisso, Rachel] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT USA. [McDowell, William H.; Macy, Jordan] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Ward, Sarah Katherine] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Hlth & Biomed Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lodge, DJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, POB 1377, Luquillo, PR 00773 USA. RI McDowell, William/E-9767-2010 OI McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047 NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0275-0287 BN 978-0-08-055150-0 J9 BR MYCOL SY JI Br. Mycol. Sy. PY 2008 VL 28 BP 197 EP 209 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Mycology SC Plant Sciences; Mycology GA BCF75 UT WOS:000310087100012 ER PT B AU Zipperer, WC AF Zipperer, Wayne C. BE Carreiro, MM Song, YC Wu, J TI Applying ecosystem management to urban forestry SO ECOLOGY, PLANNING, AND MANAGEMENT OF URBAN FORESTS: INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES SE SPRINGER SERIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Urban Forestry and Eco-Cities CY SEP 19-23, 2002 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP E China Normal Univ, Shanghai Municipal Agr Commiss, Shanghai Agr & Forestry Bureau, People Rupublic China, Forestry Bureau, Chinese Acad Forestry, Forestry Soc China, Shanghai Foreign Affairs Off, Shanghai Municipal Construct & Management Commiss, Shanghai Planning Commiss, Shanghai Environm Protect Bureau, Shanghai Urban Planning Adm Bureau, Shanghai Landscape Adm Bureau ID PERFORMANCE; MECHANISMS; VEGETATION; SUCCESSION; DIVERSITY; DYNAMICS; TREES; CITY C1 Univ Florida, USDA, US Forest Serv, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Zipperer, WC (reprint author), Univ Florida, USDA, US Forest Serv, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-71424-0 J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag. PY 2008 BP 97 EP 108 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-71425-7_7 PG 12 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA BHB43 UT WOS:000252076900007 ER PT B AU Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL AF Holmes, Thomas P. Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Abt, Karen L. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI AN INTRODUCTION TO THE ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCE SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID SPATIAL SYNCHRONY; NORTH-AMERICA; ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATION; FIRE C1 [Holmes, Thomas P.; Prestemon, Jeffrey P.; Abt, Karen L.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Holmes, TP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 3 EP 14 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800001 ER PT B AU Holmes, TP Huggett, RJ Pye, JM AF Holmes, Thomas P. Huggett, Robert J., Jr. Pye, John M. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI FOREST ECONOMICS, NATURAL DISTURBANCES AND THE NEW ECOLOGY SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; SPRUCE BUDWORM; TIME-SERIES; SPATIAL SYNCHRONY; FIRE SUPPRESSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; SYSTEMS; WILDFIRE; MODELS C1 [Holmes, Thomas P.; Huggett, Robert J., Jr.; Pye, John M.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Holmes, TP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 80 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 15 EP 32 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800002 ER PT B AU Prestemon, JP Mercer, DE Pye, JM AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Mercer, D. Evan Pye, John M. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI NATURAL DISTURBANCE PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GYPSY-MOTH LEPIDOPTERA; DAMAGE CONTROL; FOREST-FIRES; SELF-PROTECTION; TIMBER SALVAGE; BARRIER ZONES; WILDFIRE; RISK; MODEL; SPREAD C1 [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.; Mercer, D. Evan; Pye, John M.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Prestemon, JP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 68 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 35 EP 58 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 24 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800003 ER PT B AU Holmes, TP Huggett, RJ Westerling, AL AF Holmes, Thomas P. Huggett, Robert J., Jr. Westerling, Anthony L. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF LARGE WILDFIRES SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SELF-ORGANIZED CRITICALITY; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-PARK; FOREST-FIRES; CLIMATE; LAW; DISTRIBUTIONS; EXTREMES C1 [Holmes, Thomas P.; Huggett, Robert J., Jr.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Westerling, Anthony L.] Univ Calif, Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Merced, CA USA. RP Holmes, TP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 59 EP 77 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800004 ER PT B AU Prestemon, JP Butry, DT AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Butry, David T. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI WILDLAND ARSON MANAGEMENT SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESIDENTIAL BURGLARY; URBAN INTERFACE; CRIME; FIRE; TIME; WEATHER; OPPORTUNITY; PUNISHMENT C1 [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Butry, David T.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Off Appl Econ, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. RP Prestemon, JP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 71 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 123 EP 147 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 25 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800007 ER PT B AU Abt, KL Huggett, RJ Holmes, TP AF Abt, Karen L. Huggett, Robert J., Jr. Holmes, Thomas P. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI DESIGNING ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENTS FOR USFS WILDFIRE PROGRAMS SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; FIRE POLICY; POVERTY C1 [Abt, Karen L.; Huggett, Robert J., Jr.; Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Abt, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 151 EP 166 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800008 ER PT B AU Prestemon, JP Holmes, TP AF Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Holmes, Thomas P. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI TIMBER SALVAGE ECONOMICS SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NATURAL CATASTROPHE; OPTIMAL ROTATION; FOREST; PRICE; EQUILIBRIUM; FIRE; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; WILDFIRE; RISK C1 [Prestemon, Jeffrey P.; Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Prestemon, JP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 167 EP 190 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 24 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800009 ER PT B AU Englin, J Holmes, TP Lutz, J AF Englin, Jeffrey Holmes, Thomas P. Lutz, Janet BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI WILDFIRE AND THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF WILDERNESS RECREATION SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COUNT DATA MODELS; ENDOGENOUS STRATIFICATION; BIKING DEMAND; TRAVEL COST; TRUNCATION; HIKING; FOREST C1 [Englin, Jeffrey; Lutz, Janet] Univ Nevada, Dept Resource Econ, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Englin, J (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Resource Econ, Reno, NV 89557 USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 191 EP 208 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800010 ER PT B AU Huggett, RJ Murphy, EA Holmes, TP AF Huggett, Robert J., Jr. Murphy, Elizabeth A. Holmes, Thomas P. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI FOREST DISTURBANCE IMPACTS ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LAND-USE; EARTHQUAKE; GROWTH; PRICES; HEALTH; MODEL; RISK C1 [Huggett, Robert J., Jr.; Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Murphy, Elizabeth A.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Econ & Legal Studies Business, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Huggett, RJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 209 EP 228 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800011 ER PT B AU Loomis, JB Gonzalez-Caban, A AF Loomis, John B. Gonzalez-Caban, Armando BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI CONTINGENT VALUATION OF FUEL HAZARD REDUCTION TREATMENTS SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SPOTTED OWL HABITAT; FIRE; BENEFITS; RISK C1 [Loomis, John B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gonzalez-Caban, Armando] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Loomis, JB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Agr & Resource Econ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 229 EP 243 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800012 ER PT B AU Mercer, DE Haight, RG Prestemon, JP AF Mercer, D. Evan Haight, Robert G. Prestemon, Jeffrey P. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI ANALYZING TRADE-OFFS BETWEEN FUELS MANAGEMENT, SUPPRESSION, AND DAMAGES FROM WILDFIRE SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POTENTIAL FIRE BEHAVIOR; PRESCRIBED FIRE; UNITED-STATES; FOREST-FIRES; AIRTANKERS; ECONOMICS C1 [Mercer, D. Evan; Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Haight, Robert G.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. RP Mercer, DE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 247 EP 272 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 26 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800013 ER PT B AU Haines, TK Renner, CR Reams, MA AF Haines, Terry K. Renner, Cheryl R. Reams, Margaret A. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI A REVIEW OF STATE AND LOCAL REGULATION FOR WILDFIRE MITIGATION SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; STRATEGIES C1 [Haines, Terry K.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, New Orleans, LA USA. [Renner, Cheryl R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Tampa, FL USA. [Reams, Margaret A.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Haines, TK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 273 EP 293 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 21 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800014 ER PT B AU Gebert, KM Calkin, DE Huggett, RJ Abt, KL AF Gebert, Krista M. Calkin, David E. Huggett, Robert J., Jr. Abt, Karen L. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF FEDERAL WILDFIRE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PRESCRIBED BURNING COSTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FOREST-FIRE; WILDLAND FIRES C1 [Gebert, Krista M.; Calkin, David E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Huggett, Robert J., Jr.; Abt, Karen L.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Gebert, KM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. NR 77 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 295 EP 322 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 28 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800015 ER PT B AU Donovan, GH Brown, TC Dale, L AF Donovan, Geoffrey H. Brown, Thomas C. Dale, Lisa BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI INCENTIVES AND WILDFIRE MANAGEMENT IN THE UNITED STATES SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Donovan, Geoffrey H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Brown, Thomas C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Donovan, GH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97208 USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 323 EP 340 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 18 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800016 ER PT B AU Abt, KL Prestemon, JP Gebert, K AF Abt, Karen L. Prestemon, Jeffrey P. Gebert, Krista BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI FORECASTING WILDFIRE SUPPRESSION EXPENDITURES FOR THE UNITED STATES FOREST SERVICE SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FIRE; CLIMATE; AREA C1 [Abt, Karen L.; Prestemon, Jeffrey P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Gebert, Krista] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP Abt, KL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 341 EP 360 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800017 ER PT B AU Holmes, TP Bell, KP Byrne, B Wilson, JS AF Holmes, Thomas P. Bell, Kathleen P. Byrne, Brenna Wilson, Jeremy S. BE Holmes, TP Prestemon, JP Abt, KL TI ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF INVASIVE FOREST PEST MANAGEMENT SO ECONOMICS OF FOREST DISTURBANCES: WILDFIRES, STORMS AND INVASIVE SPECIES SE Forestry Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; WEAKEST-LINK; PUBLIC-GOODS; DECISION; TRADE; STRATEGIES; EXPOSITION; INSURANCE C1 [Holmes, Thomas P.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Bell, Kathleen P.] Univ Maine, Sch Econ, Orono, ME USA. [Byrne, Brenna] Univ Maine, Dept Resource Econ & Policy, Orono, ME USA. [Wilson, Jeremy S.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME USA. RP Holmes, TP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 71 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-4369-7 J9 FOR SCI PY 2008 VL 79 BP 381 EP 406 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-4370-3 PG 26 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BKL19 UT WOS:000268414800019 ER PT J AU Rhoades, C Binkley, D Oskarsson, H Stottlemyer, R AF Rhoades, Charles Binkley, Dan Oskarsson, Hlynur Stottlemyer, Robert TI Soil nitrogen accretion along a floodplain terrace chronosequence in northwest Alaska: Influence of the nitrogen-fixing shrub Shepherdia canadensis SO ECOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE floodplain forest; natural abundance N isotopes; primary succession; riparian biogeochemistry; sedimentation; terrestrial N cycling ID TANANA RIVER FLOODPLAIN; GLACIER BAY; INTERIOR ALASKA; PRIMARY SUCCESSION; ECOSYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; FIXATION; ACCUMULATION; VEGETATION; USA; PRODUCTIVITY AB Nitrogen enters terrestrial ecosystems through multiple pathways during primary succession. We measured accumulation of total soil nitrogen and changes in inorganic nitrogen (N) pools across a 300-y sequence of river terraces in northwest Alaska and assessed the contribution of the nitrogen-fixing shrub Shepherdia canadensis. Our work compared 5 stages of floodplain succession, progressing from a sparsely vegetated silt cap to dense shrubby vegetation, balsam poplar-dominated (Populus balsamifera) and white spruce-dominated (Picea glauca) mixed forests, and old-growth white spruce forest. Total soil N (0-30 cm depth) increased throughout the age sequence, initially by 2.4 g N.m(-2).y(-1) during the first 120 y of terrace development, then by 1.6 g N.m(-2).y(-1) during the subsequent 2 centuries. Labile soil N, measured by anaerobic incubation, increased most rapidly during the first 85 y of terrace formation, then remained relatively constant during further terrace development. On recently formed terraces, Shepherdia shrubs enriched soil N pools several-fold compared to soil beneath Salix spp. shrubs or intercanopy sites. Total and labile soil N accretion was proportional to Shepherdia cover during the first century of terrace development, and mineral soil delta(15)N content indicated that newly formed river terraces receive substantial N through N-fixation. About half the 600 g total N.m(-2) accumulated across the river terrace chronosequence occurred during the 120 y when S. canadensis was dominant. Sediment deposited by periodic flooding continued to add N to terrace soils after the decline in Shepherdia abundance and may have contributed 25% of the total N found in the floodplain terrace soils. C1 [Rhoades, Charles] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Binkley, Dan] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Forest Restorat Inst, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Binkley, Dan] Colorado State Univ, Warner Coll Nat Resources, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Inst Agr Res, IS-112 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Stottlemyer, Robert] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. RP Rhoades, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM crhoades@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 18 PU UNIVERSITE LAVAL PI ST FOY PA PAVILLON CHARLES-EUGENE MARCHAND, LOCAL 0166, ST FOY, QUEBEC G1K 7P4, CANADA SN 1195-6860 J9 ECOSCIENCE JI Ecoscience PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 223 EP 230 DI 10.2980/15-2-3027 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 322ZD UT WOS:000257412900009 ER PT J AU Hoberg, EP Polley, L Jenkins, EJ Kutz, SJ Veitch, AM Elkin, BT AF Hoberg, Eric P. Polley, Lydden Jenkins, Emily J. Kutz, Susan J. Veitch, Alasdair M. Elkin, Brett T. TI Integrated approaches and empirical models for investigation of parasitic diseases in northern wildlife SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EAST-AFRICAN HIGHLANDS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PROTOSTRONGYLUS-STILESI; DALLS SHEEP; HOST; MUSKOXEN; NEMATODA; BIOGEOGRAPHY; INFECTIONS; RESURGENCE AB The North is a frontier for exploration of emerging infectious diseases and the large-scale drivers influencing distribution, host associations, and evolution of pathogens among persons, domestic animals, and wildlife. Leading into the International Polar Year 2007-2008, we outline approaches, protocols, and empirical models derived from a decade of integrated research on northern host-parasite systems. Investigations of emerging infectious diseases associated with parasites in northern wildlife involved a network of multidisciplinary collaborators and incorporated geographic surveys, archival collections, historical foundations for diversity, and laboratory and field studies exploring the interface for hosts, parasites, and the environment. In this system, emergence of parasitic disease was linked to geographic expansion, host switching, resurgence due to climate change, and newly recognized parasite species. Such integrative approaches serve as cornerstones for detection, prediction, and potential mitigation of emerging infectious diseases in wildlife and persons in the North and elsewhere under a changing global climate. C1 USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Polley, Lydden; Jenkins, Emily J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Vet Med, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Jenkins, Emily J.] Environm Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. [Kutz, Susan J.] Univ Calgary, Fac Vet Med, Calgary, AB, Canada. RP Hoberg, EP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 40 TC 41 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 21 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 1 BP 10 EP 17 DI 10.3201/eid1401.071119 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 248GY UT WOS:000252142000003 PM 18258071 ER PT J AU Salb, AL Barkema, HW Elkin, BT Thompson, RCA Whiteside, DP Black, SR Dubey, JR Kutz, SJ AF Salb, Amanda L. Barkema, Herman W. Elkin, Brett T. Thompson, R. C. Andrew Whiteside, Douglas P. Black, Sandra R. Dubey, J. R. Kutz, Susan J. TI Dogs as sources and sentinels of parasites in humans and wildlife, northern Canada SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; GIARDIA AB A minimum of 11 genera of parasites, including 7 known or suspected to cause zoonoses, were detected in dogs in 2 northern Canadian communities. Dogs in remote settlements receive minimal veterinary care and may serve as sources and sentinels for parasites in persons and wildlife, and as parasite bridges between wildlife and humans. C1 [Salb, Amanda L.; Whiteside, Douglas P.; Black, Sandra R.] Calgary Zoo Anim Hlth Ctr, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Salb, Amanda L.; Barkema, Herman W.; Elkin, Brett T.; Whiteside, Douglas P.; Black, Sandra R.; Kutz, Susan J.] Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Elkin, Brett T.] Govt Northwest Terr Wildlife Div, Yellowknife, NT, Canada. [Thompson, R. C. Andrew] Murdoch Univ, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Dubey, J. R.] USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Salb, AL (reprint author), Calgary Zoo Anim Hlth Ctr, Calgary, AB, Canada. RI Barkema, Herman/B-9583-2008 OI Barkema, Herman/0000-0002-9678-8378 NR 14 TC 53 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 19 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JAN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 1 BP 60 EP 63 DI 10.3201/eid1401.071113 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 248GY UT WOS:000252142000010 PM 18258078 ER PT J AU Mishra, AK Moss, CB Erickson, KW AF Mishra, Ashok K. Moss, Charles B. Erickson, Kenneth W. TI The role of credit constraints and government subsidies in farmland valuations in the US: an options pricing model approach SO EMPIRICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE farmland values; pooling; debt-solvency; government payments; panel cointegration ID INTEREST-RATES; PANEL-DATA AB The Modigliani-Miller (M-M) theorem of financial asset theory concludes that asset values are independent of financing. In other words, debt-solvency (credit constraints) does not affect asset values. Therefore, using the M-M theorem one can argue that credit constraints in the farm sector (where land is the most important asset) do not affect the value of farmland. However, this proof relies on several arbitrage assumptions that are violated in the case of agricultural assets. This paper examines the effect of debt-solvency and government payments on changes in annual farmland values by state in the United States. Using panel cointergration method, results indicate that farmland values are significantly affected by both solvency and government payments. In addition, the results imply that government payments may affect agricultural asset values beyond the direct effect hypothesized in the literature. C1 [Mishra, Ashok K.; Erickson, Kenneth W.] ERS, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Moss, Charles B.] Univ Florida, Dept Food & Resource Econ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Mishra, AK (reprint author), ERS, USDA 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM amishra@ers.usda.gov OI Moss, Charles/0000-0002-1172-7112; Mishra, Ashok/0000-0002-0988-1428 NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU PHYSICA-VERLAG GMBH & CO PI HEIDELBERG PA PO BOX 10 52 80, 69042 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0377-7332 J9 EMPIR ECON JI Empir. Econ. PY 2008 VL 34 IS 2 BP 285 EP 297 DI 10.1007/s00181-007-0122-9 PG 13 WC Economics; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA 284CQ UT WOS:000254683300005 ER PT J AU Biswas, A Sharma, BK Willett, JL Erhan, SZ Cheng, HN AF Biswas, A. Sharma, B. K. Willett, J. L. Erhan, S. Z. Cheng, H. N. TI Soybean oil as a renewable feedstock for nitrogen-containing derivatives SO ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID POLYURETHANE NETWORKS; CHEMICAL-INDUSTRY; RAW-MATERIALS; DIMER ACIDS; OLEIC-ACID; KINETICS; ALKANOLAMIDES; TRIGLYCERIDES; EPOXIDATION; CONVERSION AB A review is given of the use of soybean oil as a renewable feedstock to produce a range of different materials that contain nitrogen. In the past, most efforts have been concentrated on converting triglycerides to fatty amines and amides. Indeed, many industrially significant fatty amines and amides are known and widely used. More recently, several research groups have developed novel approaches to functionalize the fatty acid chain structures to produce novel compounds, surfactants, and even polymers that contain nitrogen. Some of the approaches (involving organic and enzymatic reactions) may have industrial relevance. Included in this review are reactions with triglyceride oils, fatty acid esters, and methyl soyate (methyl esters of triglyceride oils). C1 [Biswas, A.; Willett, J. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymers Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, B. K.; Erhan, S. Z.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, B. K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cheng, H. N.] Hercules Inc, Res Ctr, Wilmington, DE 19808 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymers Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Atanu.Biswas@ars.usda.gov NR 53 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1754-5692 J9 ENERG ENVIRON SCI JI Energy Environ. Sci. PY 2008 VL 1 IS 6 BP 639 EP 644 DI 10.1039/b809215j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 414TR UT WOS:000263888600003 ER PT J AU Ngo, HL Zafiropoulos, NA Foglia, TA Samulski, ET Lin, WB AF Ngo, Helen L. Zafiropoulos, Nicholas A. Foglia, Thomas A. Samulski, Edward T. Lin, Wenbin TI Efficient two-step synthesis of biodiesel from greases SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID WASTE COOKING OIL; FATTY-ACIDS; ESTERIFICATION; ESTERS; TRANSESTERIFICATION; COSTS AB Biodiesel (BD) is an alternative diesel fuel derived from both vegetable oils and animal fats. Currently, most BD is made by alkali-catalyzed transesterification of a refined oil or fat, the cost of which is the major expenditure in producing BD. Yellow and brown greases are readily available renewable fats that are less expensive and hence represent attractive feedstocks for the production of BD. The high free fatty acid (FFA) content of these feedstocks, however, makes it difficult to produce BD using base-catalyzed transesterification. In this paper, we report the use of a series of diarylammonium catalysts that are-highly effective in catalyzing the esterification of the FFA present in greases (12-40 wt % FFA). At a catalyst loading of 2-3 mol %, high conversions of FFA to esters (95-99%) were achieved by treating the greases with 5-20 equiv of methanol at 95 degrees C for 2 h. The treated greases had a final FFA content of 0.5-1 wt %. We also incorporated these diarylammonium catalysts into insoluble porous polymers via free radical-initiated polymerization. The polymer-immobilized catalysts were found to be equally effective as their homogeneous counterparts in esterifying FFA to esters and were readily recycled and reused for esterification reactions upon reactivation with triflic acid. The resulting ester-glyceride mixtures were then readily converted to total esters by base-catalyzed transesterification. This two-step protocol provides an efficient procedure for the production of biodiesel from greases. C1 [Ngo, Helen L.; Foglia, Thomas A.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Zafiropoulos, Nicholas A.; Samulski, Edward T.; Lin, Wenbin] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Ngo, HL (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM helen.ngo@ars.usda.gov RI Lin, Wenbin/B-4151-2010 OI Lin, Wenbin/0000-0001-7035-7759 NR 18 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 626 EP 634 DI 10.1021/ef700343b PG 9 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 252GJ UT WOS:000252434700088 ER PT J AU Dunn, RO AF Dunn, Robert O. TI Effect of temperature on the oil stability index (OSI) of biodiesel SO ENERGY & FUELS LA English DT Article ID OXIDATIVE STABILITY; FATTY-ACIDS; AUTOXIDATION; ESTERS; MODEL AB Biodiesel, an alternative fuel derived from lipid feedstocks, such as vegetable oil or animal fat, is mainly composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid alkyl esters. Fuel suppliers, terminal operators, and users are becoming more concerned with monitoring and maintaining good biodiesel fuel quality with respect to oxidative degradation during storage. The oil stability index (OSI), a parameter that measures the relative oxidative stability of fatty materials, is typically measured isothermally at elevated temperatures to accelerate oxidation. The present work investigates the effects of block temperature (T) on the OSI of biodiesel from soybean oil fatty acid methyl esters (SME) and used cooking oil fatty acid methyl esters (UCOME). Results were compared to those for pure methyl oleate (MO). An increasing temperature accelerated the oxidation reaction causing a decrease in OSI. Response factors (RF) determined with MO as the reference methyl ester showed little variation with respect to the temperature ranges studied. At constant T, SME yielded lower OSI values than either UCOME or MO. However, despite having comparable iodine values, UCOME yielded a significantly higher OSI than MO. Two mathematical models for determining OSI as a function of T demonstrated linear correlations for all, three methyl esters. Results from the second model, ln(OSI) versus T-1, were employed to calculate the activation energy (E-a) of first-order oxidation reactions. Although both models exhibited relatively small deviations between calculated and measured OSI values, the models were not reliable at temperatures below 50 degrees C. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Dunn, RO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Robert.Dunn@ars.usda.gov NR 40 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0887-0624 J9 ENERG FUEL JI Energy Fuels PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 657 EP 662 DI 10.1021/ef700412c PG 6 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 252GJ UT WOS:000252434700093 ER PT J AU Strong, WB Millar, JG Grant, GG Moreira, JA Chong, JM Rudolph, C AF Strong, Ward B. Millar, Jocelyn G. Grant, Gary G. Moreira, Jardel A. Chong, J. Michael Rudolph, Carline TI Optimization of pheromone lure and trap design for monitoring the fir coneworm, Dioryctria abietivorella SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE pest management; seed orchard; Douglas fir; UV stabilizer; antioxidant; (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-pentacosapentaene; (9Z,11E)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate; (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate; mating disruption; Lepidoptera; Pyralidae ID SEX-PHEROMONE; SEED ORCHARD; WHITE-PINE; RED-PINE; LEPIDOPTERA; PYRALIDAE; IDENTIFICATION; COMPONENT; ISOMERS; MOTH AB The major components of the sex pheromone of Dioryctria abietivorella (Grote) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) were recently identified as (9Z,11E)-tetradecadien-1-yl acetate (9Z,11E-14:Ac) and a polyunsaturated, long-chain hydrocarbon (3Z,6Z,9Z,12Z,15Z)-pentacosapentaene (C25 pentaene). The optimal ratio of these components and the role of potential minor components were not fully determined in the initial short report on the pheromone's identification. We tested different ratios of the two major components loaded into grey halobutyl rubber septum dispensers, placed in sticky traps deployed in conifer breeding arboreta. The optimal ratio of the two components was 200 mu g 9Z,11E-14:Ac to 2000 mu g C25 pentaene. (Z)-9-Tetradecen-1-yl acetate, which had been identified previously in female pheromone gland extracts, and five other potential minor pheromone components, were tested individually as additions to the optimized two-component lure blend. None of the ternary blends were more attractive than the optimized two-component blend, at the ratios tested. Two lure adjuvants, a UV stabilizer (Sumisorb 300) and the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene, added individually or together, did not affect the attractiveness of the optimized lure blend. The Pherotech diamond sticky trap baited with the optimized lure blend was the most effective trap design among eight types of sticky trap and a bucket style trap that were tested. Traps baited with synthetic lures were as attractive as traps baited with virgin female moths. The optimized two-component lure blend in the Pherotech diamond trap is recommended for monitoring fir coneworm infestations. The availability of an effective synthetic pheromone opens the possibility for control tactics using mating disruption or attract-and-kill techniques. C1 [Strong, Ward B.] Kalamalka Forestry Ctr, British Columbia Minist Forests, Vernon, BC V1B 2C7, Canada. [Millar, Jocelyn G.; Moreira, Jardel A.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Grant, Gary G.] Canadian Forest Serv, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Chong, J. Michael] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem, Waterloo, ON 2NL 3G1, Canada. [Rudolph, Carline] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Forest Genet, Placerville, CA 95667 USA. RP Strong, WB (reprint author), Kalamalka Forestry Ctr, British Columbia Minist Forests, 3401 Reservoir Rd, Vernon, BC V1B 2C7, Canada. EM ward.strong@gov.bc.ca NR 28 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 4 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 126 IS 1 BP 67 EP 77 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2007.00635.x PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 240KD UT WOS:000251585600009 ER PT J AU Peterson, CJ Gerard, PD Wagner, TL AF Peterson, C. J. Gerard, P. D. Wagner, T. L. TI Charring does not affect wood infestation by subterranean termites SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE char; protozoa; fire; wood selection; Reticulitermes flavipes; Isoptera; Rhinotermitidae ID WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; FOREST; SOIL; ISOPTERA; FIRE; RHINOTERMITIDAE; TEMPERATURE; METABOLISM; INTENSITY; ABUNDANCE AB Fire is an important part of forest ecosystems, as is the insect fauna. Changes in wood brought about by fire may alter the ability of termites to use the wood, interrupting the decay cycle of woody debris. The ability of termites to find, infest, and feed upon wood after it had been charred was evaluated in the laboratory and field. Eastern subterranean termites, Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar) (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), fed on char from burned wood had significantly reduced numbers of protozoa compared to termites fed on pine shavings, but significantly more than starved termites. The ability of termites to find and infest wood was not affected by surface charring. In a laboratory choice test, there were no significant differences in the onset of feeding by termites between charred and non-charred wood boards. Likewise in the field, no differences were observed in the time to initial attack by termites on charred and non-charred wood boards or bolts. Because termites will likely survive fires of low to moderate intensity, in most cases, there should be no disruption of the termite contribution to forest nutrient and carbon cycles. C1 [Peterson, C. J.; Wagner, T. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Unit, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Wagner, T. L.] Mississippi State Univ, Expt Stat Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39760 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Unit, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM cjpeterson@fs.fed.us NR 21 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 126 IS 1 BP 78 EP 84 DI 10.1111/j.1570-7458.2007.00638.x PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 240KD UT WOS:000251585600010 ER PT J AU Day, WH Romig, RF Faubert, HH Tatman, KM AF Day, W. H. Romig, R. F. Faubert, H. H. Tatman, K. M. TI The continuing dispersion of Peristenus digoneutis Loan (Hymenoptera : Braconidae), an introduced parasite of the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot) (Hemiptera : Miridae) in northeastern USA and southeastern Canada SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ALFALFA; ESTABLISHMENT AB Peristenus digoneutis Loan, a European species, was first established by USDA-ARS in New Jersey for the biological control of the tarnished plant bug, which damages many crops. This parasitic wasp has steadily dispersed since its establishment in 1984, and it is now present in 11 states, a 38% increase since our last report in 2003, and has been found in 69 counties in the United States. Peristenus digoneutis is now present in all of the northeastern states, is moving westward along the southern edge of Lake Erie, and is well established in at least three Canadian provinces. C1 [Day, W. H.; Tatman, K. M.] USDA, BIRL, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Faubert, H. H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. RP Day, WH (reprint author), USDA, BIRL, 501 S Chapel St, Newark, DE 19713 USA. EM william.day@ars.usda.gov; rfromig@aol.com; hhf@uri.edu; kathleen.tatman@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA SN 0013-872X EI 2162-3236 J9 ENTOMOL NEWS JI Entomol. News PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 119 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.3157/0013-872X(2008)119[77:TCDOPD]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 277YA UT WOS:000254249400010 ER PT J AU Kleinman, PJA Soder, K AF Kleinman, P. J. A. Soder, K. BE McDowell, RW TI The Impact of Hybrid Dairy Systems on Air, Soil and Water Quality: Focus on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Cycling SO ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF PASTURE-BASED FARMING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VEGETATIVE FILTER TREATMENT; MILKHOUSE WASTE-WATER; TOTAL MIXED RATION; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; NEW-YORK; AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; MANURE PHOSPHORUS; FEEDING SYSTEMS; FARMING SYSTEMS; ORGANIC-MATTER C1 [Kleinman, P. J. A.; Soder, K.] ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Kleinman, PJA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM peter.kleinman@ars.usda.gov; kathy.soder@ars.usda.gov NR 126 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 3 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-411-8 PY 2008 BP 249 EP 276 DI 10.1079/9781845934118.0249 D2 10.1079/9781845934118.0000 PG 28 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BVY04 UT WOS:000293121800012 ER PT J AU Webb, TJ Bengston, DN Fan, DP AF Webb, Trevor J. Bengston, David N. Fan, David P. TI Forest value orientations in Australia: An application of computer content analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE forest value orientations; Australia; computer content analysis ID PUBLIC-OPINION; ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE; MEDIA AB This article explores the expression of three forest value orientations that emerged from an analysis of Australian news media discourse about the management of Australian native forests from August 1, 1997 through December 31, 2004. Computer-coded content analysis was used to measure and track the relative importance of commodity, ecological and moral/spiritual/aesthetic forest value orientations. The number of expressions of these forest value orientations followed major events in forest management and policy, with peaks corresponding to finalization of Regional Forest Agreements and conflicts over forest management. Over the time period analyzed, the relative share of commodity value orientation decreased and the shares of the ecological and moral/spiritual/aesthetic value orientations increased. The shifts in forest value orientations highlight the need for native forests to be managed for multiple values and the need for continued monitoring of forest values. C1 [Webb, Trevor J.] Food Stand Australia New Zealand, Canberra, BC ACT 2610, Australia. [Bengston, David N.] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fan, David P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Genet Cell Biol & Dev, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Webb, TJ (reprint author), Food Stand Australia New Zealand, POB 7186, Canberra, BC ACT 2610, Australia. EM trevor.webb@foodstandards.gov.au NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-152X EI 1432-1009 J9 ENVIRON MANAGE JI Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 41 IS 1 BP 52 EP 63 DI 10.1007/s00267-007-9011-4 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 243UE UT WOS:000251822000005 PM 17846830 ER PT S AU Maier, HR Ascough, JC Wattenbach, M Renschler, CS Labiosa, WB Ravalico, JK AF Maier, H. R. Ascough, J. C., II Wattenbach, M. Renschler, C. S. Labiosa, W. B. Ravalico, J. K. BE Jakeman, AJ Voinov, AA Rizzoli, AE Chen, SH TI UNCERTAINTY IN ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION MAKING: ISSUES, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING, SOFTWARE AND DECISION SUPPORT: STATE OF THE ART AND NEW PERSPECTIVES SE Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; WATER-RESOURCES; ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE; GENETIC ALGORITHMS; MANAGEMENT; SYSTEM; MODELS; RELIABILITY; FRAMEWORK; INFORMATION C1 [Maier, H. R.; Ravalico, J. K.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Civil Environm & Min Engn, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. [Ascough, J. C., II] USDA ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wattenbach, M.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Med & Life Sci, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Aberdeen AB24 3UU, Scotland. [Renschler, C. S.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, NCGIA, Buffalo, NY 14261 USA. [Labiosa, W. B.] Stanford Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Maier, HR (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Civil Environm & Min Engn, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia. OI Maier, Holger/0000-0002-0277-6887 NR 74 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-101X BN 978-0-08-091530-2 J9 DEV INTEG ENVIRON PY 2008 VL 3 BP 69 EP 85 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BCO90 UT WOS:000310922300006 ER PT S AU Rizzoli, AE Leavesley, G Ascough, JC Argent, RM Athanasiadis, IN Brilhante, V Claeys, FHA David, O Donatelli, M Gijsbers, P Havlik, D Kassahun, A Krause, P Quinn, NWT Scholten, H Sojda, RS Villa, F AF Rizzoli, A. E. Leavesley, G. Ascough, J. C., II Argent, R. M. Athanasiadis, I. N. Brilhante, V. Claeys, F. H. A. David, O. Donatelli, M. Gijsbers, P. Havlik, D. Kassahun, A. Krause, P. Quinn, N. W. T. Scholten, H. Sojda, R. S. Villa, F. BE Jakeman, AJ Voinov, AA Rizzoli, AE Chen, SH TI INTEGRATED MODELLING FRAMEWORKS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND DECISION SUPPORT SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING, SOFTWARE AND DECISION SUPPORT: STATE OF THE ART AND NEW PERSPECTIVES SE Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SYSTEMS C1 [Rizzoli, A. E.; Athanasiadis, I. N.] IDSIA, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland. [Leavesley, G.; David, O.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Ascough, J. C., II] ARS, USDA, NPA, Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Argent, R. M.] Bur Meteorol, Water Div, Melbourne, Vic 3001, Australia. [Brilhante, V.] Univ Fed Amazonas, Dept Comp Sci, BR-69077000 Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. [Claeys, F. H. A.] Univ Ghent, Dept Appl Math Biometr & Proc Control, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. [Donatelli, M.] Joint Res Ctr, IPSC, Agri4cast Act, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Gijsbers, P.] WL Delft Hydraul, Inland Water Syst, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands. [Havlik, D.] Austrian Res Ctr GmbH, ARC, Smart Syst Div, A-2444 Seibersdorf, Austria. [Kassahun, A.] Informat Technol Grp, Dept Social Sci, NL-6706 KN Wageningen, Netherlands. [Krause, P.] Univ Jena, Inst Geog, Lehrstuhl Geoinformat, D-07743 Jena, Germany. [Quinn, N. W. T.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Scholten, H.] Wageningen Univ, Informat Technol Grp, NL-6706 EW Wageningen, Netherlands. [Sojda, R. S.] Montana State Univ, USDI, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Villa, F.] Univ Vermont, Gund Inst Ecol Econ, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Rizzoli, AE (reprint author), IDSIA, Galleria 2, CH-6928 Manno, Switzerland. RI Rizzoli, Andrea Emilio/B-2985-2010; Quinn, Nigel/G-2407-2015 OI Rizzoli, Andrea Emilio/0000-0001-8179-0750; Quinn, Nigel/0000-0003-3333-4763 NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-101X BN 978-0-08-091530-2 J9 DEV INTEG ENVIRON PY 2008 VL 3 BP 101 EP 118 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BCO90 UT WOS:000310922300008 ER PT S AU Liu, Y Mahmoud, M Hartmann, H Stewart, S Wagener, T Semmens, D Stewart, R Gupta, H Dominguez, D Hulse, D Letcher, R Rashleigh, B Smith, C Street, R Ticehurst, J Twery, M van Delden, H White, D AF Liu, Y. Mahmoud, M. Hartmann, H. Stewart, S. Wagener, T. Semmens, D. Stewart, R. Gupta, H. Dominguez, D. Hulse, D. Letcher, R. Rashleigh, B. Smith, C. Street, R. Ticehurst, J. Twery, M. van Delden, H. White, D. BE Jakeman, AJ Voinov, AA Rizzoli, AE Chen, SH TI FORMAL SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDIES SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING, SOFTWARE AND DECISION SUPPORT: STATE OF THE ART AND NEW PERSPECTIVES SE Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNCERTAINTY; FUTURE; METHODOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; RIVER; LAND; TOOL C1 [Liu, Y.] NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Mahmoud, M.; Stewart, S.; Gupta, H.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hartmann, H.] Univ Arizona, Arid Lands Informat Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Wagener, T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Semmens, D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA. [Stewart, R.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Environm Modeling, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Dominguez, D.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Eawag, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Dominguez, D.] ETH, Inst Environm Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland. [Hulse, D.] Univ Oregon, Dept Landscape Architecture 5234, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Ticehurst, J.] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Integrated Catchment Assessment & Management Ctr, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Rashleigh, B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Smith, C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Street, R.] UKCIP OUCE, Ocford OX1 3QY, England. [Twery, M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn Program, USDA, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA. [van Delden, H.] RIKS, NL-6200 AL Maastricht, Netherlands. [White, D.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Liu, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, 1325 EW Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010 OI Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-101X BN 978-0-08-091530-2 J9 DEV INTEG ENVIRON PY 2008 VL 3 BP 145 EP 162 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BCO90 UT WOS:000310922300010 ER PT S AU Voinov, A Hood, RR Daues, JD Assaf, H Stewart, R AF Voinov, A. Hood, R. R. Daues, J. D. Assaf, H. Stewart, R. BE Jakeman, AJ Voinov, AA Rizzoli, AE Chen, SH TI BUILDING A COMMUNITY MODELLING AND INFORMATION SHARING CULTURE SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING, SOFTWARE AND DECISION SUPPORT: STATE OF THE ART AND NEW PERSPECTIVES SE Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WEB C1 [Voinov, A.] Chesapeake Res Consortium, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Hood, R. R.] HPL UMCES, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA. [Daues, J. D.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM USA. [Assaf, H.] Amer Univ Beirut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Beirut 11072020, Lebanon. [Stewart, R.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Environm Modeling, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Voinov, A (reprint author), Chesapeake Res Consortium, 645 Contees Wharf Rd,POB 28, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-101X BN 978-0-08-091530-2 J9 DEV INTEG ENVIRON PY 2008 VL 3 BP 345 EP 366 PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BCO90 UT WOS:000310922300021 ER PT S AU Lebed, L Qi, JG Heilman, P AF Lebed, Lyubov Qi, Jiaguo Heilman, Philip BE Qi, J Evered, KT TI MONITORING RANGELAND ECOSYSTEMS WITH REMOTE SENSING: AN EXAMPLE FROM KAZAKHSTAN SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF CENTRAL ASIA AND THEIR ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND SECURITY IMPACTS SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Environmental Problems of Central Asia and their Economic, Social and Security Impacts CY OCT 01-05, 2007 CL Tashkent, UZBEKISTAN SP NATO Sci Peace & Secur Program DE Pastureland; desertification; monitoring; modeling of pasture ecosystem; remote sensing; total vegetation index AB This paper describes the nature and problems of rangelands in Kazakhstan. A prototype rangeland monitoring program based on an existing monitoring program developed for use in the Soviet Union is described. The monitoring approach has been modified to use the same simulation model, but more modern remotely sensed data is being incorporated into the approach as well. Results from the Balkhash area of Kazakhstan are presented to show progress to date. Current plans are to continue to develop this approach for the study area, and if feasible, apply the approach nationally. C1 [Lebed, Lyubov] RSE Kazakh Res Inst Ecol & Climate, Seifulin Ave, Alma Ata 050022, Kazakhstan. [Qi, Jiaguo] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog, Ctr Global Change & Earth Observ, E Lansing, MI 48223 USA. [Heilman, Philip] USDA ARS, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Lebed, L (reprint author), RSE Kazakh Res Inst Ecol & Climate, Seifulin Ave, Alma Ata 050022, Kazakhstan. EM llebed@inbox.ru NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1871-4668 BN 978-1-4020-8958-9 J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur. PY 2008 BP 135 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8960-2_8 PG 3 WC Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography; Geography, Physical SC Business & Economics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography; Physical Geography GA BIM31 UT WOS:000260774600008 ER PT J AU Nechodom, M Schuetzle, D Ganz, D Cooper, J AF Nechodom, Mark Schuetzle, Dennis Ganz, David Cooper, Joyce TI Sustainable forests, renewable energy, and the environment SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Nechodom, Mark] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. [Schuetzle, Dennis] Renewable Energy Inst Int, Cordova, CA USA. [Schuetzle, Dennis; Ganz, David] TSS Consultants, Cordova, CA USA. [Cooper, Joyce] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Nechodom, M (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA USA. EM mnechodom@fs.fed.us NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 1 BP 13 EP 18 DI 10.1021/es0870350 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 246WC UT WOS:000252037400007 PM 18350870 ER PT J AU O'Shaughness, SA Song, I Artiola, JF Choi, CY AF O'Shaughness, S. A. Song, I. Artiola, J. F. Choi, C. Y. TI Nitrogen loss during solar drying of biosolids SO ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ammonia volatilization; drying beds; nitrogen fertilizer; mineralization ID AMMONIA VOLATILIZATION; LAND APPLICATION; SWINE MANURE; SLUDGE; PLANT; SOIL; REDUCTION; QUALITY; RELEASE; FIELD AB Solar drying has been used extensively to dewater biosolids for ease of transportation and to a lesser degree to reduce pathogens prior to land application. The nitrogen in biosolids makes them a relatively inexpensive but valuable source of fertilizer. In this study, nitrogen loss from tilled and untilled biosolids was investigated during the solar drying process. Samples of aerobically and anaerobically digested biosolids during three solar drying experiments were analyzed for their nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) ions concentrations. Nitrogen losses varied depending on the solar drying season and tillage. Although not directly measured, the majority of nitrogen loss occurred through ammonia volatilization; organic nitrogen content (organic N) remained relatively stable for each sample, nitrate concentrations for the majority of samples remained below detectable levels and the decline of ammonium-nitrogen (NH4+-N) generally followed the trend of moisture loss in the biosolids. C1 [O'Shaughness, S. A.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Song, I.; Choi, C. Y.] Univ Arizona, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Artiola, J. F.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP O'Shaughness, SA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 10 PU SELPER LTD, PUBLICATIONS DIV PI LONDON PA UNIT 55, 2 OLD BROMPTON ROAD, LONDON SW7 3DQ, ENGLAND SN 0959-3330 J9 ENVIRON TECHNOL JI Environ. Technol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 29 IS 1 BP 55 EP 65 DI 10.1080/09593330802008818 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 293FP UT WOS:000255321100006 PM 18610545 ER PT S AU Imam, S Glenn, G Chiou, BS Shey, J Narayan, R Orts, W AF Imam, S. Glenn, G. Chiou, B. -S. Shey, J. Narayan, R. Orts, W. BE Chiellini, E TI Types, production and assessment of biobased food packaging materials SO ENVIRONMENTALLY COMPATIBLE FOOD PACKAGING SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BAKED STARCH FOAMS; CONTAINING POLYETHYLENE FILM; POLY(VINYL ALCOHOL); BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS; POLYLACTIC ACID; CORN-STARCH; POLY(L-LACTIDE) DEGRADATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PLASTIC COMPOSITES; BAKING PROCESS RP Imam, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, PW, WRRC, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM simam@pw.USDA.gov NR 109 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978 1 84569 194 3 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2008 IS 161 BP 29 EP 62 DI 10.1533/9781845694784.1.29 PG 34 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Food Science & Technology; Materials Science GA BOK30 UT WOS:000276889900003 ER PT J AU Bureau, A Diallo, MS Ordovas, JM Cupples, LA AF Bureau, Alexandre Diallo, Mamadou S. Ordovas, Jose M. Cupples, L. Adrienne TI Estimating interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors - Efficiency of sampling designs within a cohort SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; NESTED CASE-CONTROL; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; RELATIVE RISK; STRATEGIES; EXPOSURE; INCREASE; 2-STAGE; MODELS AB Large prospective cohorts originally assembled to study environmental risk factors are increasingly exploited to study gene-environment interactions. Given the cost of genetic studies in large samples, being able to select a subsample for genotyping that contains most of the information from the cohort would lead to substantial savings. We consider nested case-control and case-cohort sampling designs with and without stratification and compare their efficiency relative to the entire cohort for estimating the effects of genetic and environmental risk factors and their interactions. Asymptotic calculations show that the relative efficiency of the case-cohort and nested case-control designs implementing the same sampling stratification are similar over a range of scenarios for the relationships among genes, environmental exposures, and disease status. Sampling equal numbers of exposed and unexposed subjects improves efficiency when the exposure is rare. The case-cohort designs had a slight advantage in simulations of sampling designs within the Framingham Offspring Study, using the interaction between apolipoprotein E and smoking on the risk of coronary heart disease as an example. It was possible to estimate the interaction effect with precision close to that of the full cohort when using case-cohort or nested case-control samples containing fewer than half the subjects of the cohort. C1 [Bureau, Alexandre] Univ Laval, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Diallo, Mamadou S.] Univ Laval, Dept Math & Stat, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. [Bureau, Alexandre; Diallo, Mamadou S.] Ctr Rech Univ Laval Robert Giffard, Laval, PQ, Canada. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Bureau, A (reprint author), Univ Laval, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Pavillon Est Local 1101, Quebec City, PQ G1K 7P4, Canada. EM alexandre.bureau@msp.ulaval.ca OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Bureau, Alexandre/0000-0001-8220-9999; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-25195, HL54776] NR 39 TC 12 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31815c4d0e PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 244TY UT WOS:000251889400014 PM 18091418 ER PT J AU Camadro, EL Cauhepe, MA Simon, PW AF Camadro, Elsa L. Cauhepe, Miguel A. Simon, Philipp W. TI Compatibility relations between the edible carrot Daucus carota and D-pusillus, a related wild species from the Argentinian Pampas SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Daucus carota L; D. pusillus Michx; pre-zygotic and post-zygotic breeding barriers AB To establish the feasibility of hybridization between the wild carrot species Daucus pusillus Michx. (2n = 2x = 22; 2n = 2x = 22 and 20), collected in the pampas grasslands of Argentina, and the edible carrot, Daucus carota L. (2n = 2x = 18), controlled pollinations were attempted on the plant. Due to the difficulties encountered, flowers of 12 accesions and three commercial cultivars were excised from individual plants and pollinated in Petri dishes following an incomplete diallel design. After processing, the pollinated pistils (four to six per genotypic combination) were observed under a microscope with UV light. Pollen tubes reaching the ovaries and/or the ovules (compatible relation) were observed in six out of nine D. pusillus x D. pusillus and seven out of 18 D. pusillus x D. carota genotypic combinations. In the eight D. carota x D. pusillus genotypic combinations, only ungerminated pollen, pollen not adhered to the stigmas or pollen tubes overlapping the stylar tissue were observed. Additional flowers were pollinated in a sample of compatible genotypic combinations and the pollinated pistils were in vitro culture to study embryo and endosperm development. Eight out of nine pistils from the intraspecific and nine out of 13 from the interspecific crosses enlarged to form apparently normal schizocarps. Histological analyses revealed normal development of embryo and endosperm. The breeding barriers between the two species are incomplete, making feasible the obtainment of interspecific hybrids by conventional techniques. C1 Fac Ciencias Agr, UNMdP EEA, INTA, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Wisconsin, USDA ARS, Dept Hort, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Camadro, EL (reprint author), Fac Ciencias Agr, UNMdP EEA, INTA, CC 276, RA-7620 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM ecamadro@balcarce.inta.gov.ar; mcauhepe@speedy.com.ar; psimon@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2008 VL 159 IS 1-2 BP 103 EP 109 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9462-y PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 237NL UT WOS:000251381400011 ER PT J AU Hsu, CY An, C Saha, S Ma, DP Jenkins, JN Scheffler, B Stelly, DM AF Hsu, Chuan-Yu An, Chuanfu Saha, Sukumar Ma, Din-Pow Jenkins, Johnie N. Scheffler, Brian Stelly, David M. TI Molecular and SNP characterization of two genome specific transcription factor genes GhMyb8 and GhMyb10 in cotton species SO EUPHYTICA LA English DT Article DE Gossypium hirsutum; R2R3-Myb; transgenic tobacco plants; trichome ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L.; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MYB-GENE; CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENT; TRICHOME DEVELOPMENT; TRANSGENIC TOBACCO; POLYPLOID COTTON; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION AB Two R2R3-Myb cDNAs (GhMyb8 and GhMyb10) and their corresponding genes were isolated and characterized from allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. cv. DES119) fiber cells. Both GhMyb8 and GhMyb10 exhibit some conserved features shared in subgroup 4 of plant R2R3-MYB proteins, including the GIDxxH motif and a zinc-finger domain. Both genomic origin and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analyses reveal that GhMyb8 and 10 are alloallelic genes in the allotetraploid cotton (AD genome). GhMyb10 is derived from the A(2) subgenome, whereas GhMyb8 is from the D-5 subgenome. Possible chromosomal locations of these two genes were explored by SNP marker based deletion analyses. The results showed that the average rate of SNP per nucleotide among the selected genotypes in the two gene fragments was 3.75% (similar to one SNP per 27 nucleotide), and 0.55% and 5.14% in coding regions and 3'-UTR (3' untranslated regions), respectively. Northern blot analysis showed that GhMyb8 and GhMyb10 are expressed in all examined tissues, including leaves, flowers, roots, and fibers from different developmental stages; however, the transcript level of GhMyb8/10 is more abundant in flowers and roots. The ectopic expression of GhMyb10 in transgenic tobacco plants showed the abnormal cell shapes in leaf trichomes, suggesting that GhMyb8 and GhMyb10 might play a role in the process of trichome cell differentiation. The exact chromosomal location of the two myb genes couldn't be determined using the SNP deletion method due to the incomplete coverage of cytogenetic stocks. C1 Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. USDA ARS, CGRU, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Ma, DP (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM dm1@ra.msstate.edu RI An, Chuanfu/G-5521-2011; OI Stelly, David/0000-0002-3468-4119; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 68 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2336 J9 EUPHYTICA JI Euphytica PD JAN PY 2008 VL 159 IS 1-2 BP 259 EP 273 DI 10.1007/s10681-007-9485-4 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 237NL UT WOS:000251381400027 ER PT J AU Kalkan, H Ince, NF Tewfik, AH Yardimci, Y Pearson, T AF Kalkan, Habil Ince, Nuri Firat Tewfik, Ahmed H. Yardimci, Yasemin Pearson, Tom TI Classification of hazelnut kernels by using impact acoustic time-frequency patterns SO EURASIP JOURNAL ON ADVANCES IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article ID PISTACHIO NUTS AB Hazelnuts with damaged or cracked shells are more prone to infection with aflatoxin producing molds ( Aspergillus flavus). These molds can cause cancer. In this study, we introduce a new approach that separates damaged/cracked hazelnut kernels from good ones by using time-frequency features obtained from impact acoustic signals. The proposed technique requires no prior knowledge of the relevant time and frequency locations. In an offline step, the algorithm adaptively segments impact signals from a training data set in time using local cosine packet analysis and a Kullback-Leibler criterion to assess the discrimination power of different segmentations. In each resulting time segment, the signal is further decomposed into subbands using an undecimated wavelet transform. The most discriminative subbands are selected according to the Euclidean distance between the cumulative probability distributions of the corresponding subband coefficients. The most discriminative subbands are fed into a linear discriminant analysis classifier. In the online classification step, the algorithm simply computes the learned features from the observed signal and feeds them to the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) classifier. The algorithm achieved a throughput rate of 45 nuts/s and a classification accuracy of 96% with the 30 most discriminative features, a higher rate than those provided with prior methods. Copyright (c) 2008 Habil Kalkan et al. C1 [Kalkan, Habil; Yardimci, Yasemin] Middle E Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. [Ince, Nuri Firat; Tewfik, Ahmed H.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Pearson, Tom] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Yardimci, Y (reprint author), Middle E Tech Univ, Inst Informat, TR-06531 Ankara, Turkey. EM yardimy@ii.metu.edu.tr NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1687-6180 J9 EURASIP J ADV SIG PR JI EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. PY 2008 AR 247643 DI 10.1155/2008/247643 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 246RY UT WOS:000252025900001 ER PT J AU Roy, HE Cottrell, TE AF Roy, Helen E. Cottrell, Ted E. TI Forgotten natural enemies: Interactions between coccinetlids and insect-parasitic fungi SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Review DE entomopathogenic fungi; ladybeetles; ladybirds; Coccinellidae; Beauveria bassiana; Hesperomyces virescens ID LADY BEETLE COLEOPTERA; HESPEROMYCES-VIRESCENS LABOULBENIALES; PREDATOR COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA; PATHOGEN ENTOMOPHAGA-MAIMAIGA; BASSIANA BALSAMO VUILLEMIN; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; HARMONIA-AXYRIDIS; COCCINELLA-SEPTEMPUNCTATA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS AB The role of predators and parasitoids in the regulation of insect populations is widely reported in the context of both pest and non-pest insects. However, this is not the case for pathogens (entomopathogens). Indeed, most studies on insect life history refer only to predators and parasitoids when considering natural enemy guilds, even though naturally occurring entomopathogens are undoubtedly more diverse and widespread. This is certainly the case with the Coccinellidae; the natural enemies of coccinellids have been the subject of a number of review articles but pathogens receive only brief mention. In this review we attempt to address the balance and consider the interactions of natural Populations of Coccinellidae with entomopathogenic fungi. Most research oil entomopathogens and Coccinellidae focuses Oil the non-target impact of biorational insecticides against coccinellids and the impact of fungal infections upon aggregations of overwintering coccinellids;, with the former overwhelmingly dominating the literature. Given the prominence of coccinellids in classical and conservation biological control, it is surprising that studies have not measured the natural impact of pathogenic fungi upon introduced species or natural populations of Coccinellidae, as has been done with numerous insect pest species. Here we review the literature Oil the intriguing interactions between coccinellids and fungal pathogens. We examine the literature oil direct infection (sub-lethal and lethal) of coccinellids by pathogenic (Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus) or parasitic (Hesperomyces virescens). We also consider the role of intra-guild predation (on the aphid-specific fungus Pandora neoaphidis and Beauveria bassiana) and finally indirect interactions such as coccinellids dispersing P. neoaphidis. We Suggest that fungal pathogens are all too often forgotten natural enemies and future research Should address the profound absence of knowledge in this field. C1 [Roy, Helen E.] NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Huntingdon PE28 2LS, Cambs, England. [Cottrell, Ted E.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Roy, HE (reprint author), NERC Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Huntingdon PE28 2LS, Cambs, England. EM hele@ceh.ac.uk; Ted.Cottrell@ars.usda.gov RI Roy, Helen/A-1488-2010 NR 77 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 39 PU CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 2008 VL 105 IS 3 BP 391 EP 398 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 338ZC UT WOS:000258546900003 ER PT J AU Cottrell, TE Shapiro-Ilan, DI AF Cottrell, Ted E. Shapiro-Ilan, David I. TI Susceptibility of endemic and exotic North American ladybirds (Coleoptera : Coccinellidae) to endemic fungal entomopathogens SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Coccinellidae; Beauveria bassiana; Olla v-nigrum; Coleomegilla maculata; Hippodamia convergens; Cycloneda munda; Harmonia axyridis; Coccinella septempunctata; entomopathogen; endemic ID LADY BEETLE COLEOPTERA; PREDATOR COLEOMEGILLA-MACULATA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; LENGI COLEOPTERA; ADULT; EGGS; LABOULBENIALES; CHRYSOMELIDAE; PATHOGENICITY AB We tested the laboratory susceptibility of four endemic and two exotic species of North American Coccinellidae to a single rate (2.5 x 10(5) conidia/ml) of Beauveria bassiana derived from different sources. The endemic species Olla v-nigrum, Cycloneda munda and Hippodamia convergens were susceptible to B. bassiana Isolate B which was originally isolated from O. v-nigrum and the rate assayed was known to represent the LC50 against O. v-nigrum. However, neither the endemic C. maculata nor the exotic species Harmonia axyridis and Coccinella septempunctata were susceptible to this isolate at this rate. Additionally, all species of endemic and exotic Coccinellidae used in these assays were resistant to B. bassiana strain GHA and BbAR1 at that rate. We discuss the implications of these results in regard to the establishment of exotic species in new habitats. C1 [Cottrell, Ted E.; Shapiro-Ilan, David I.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Cottrell, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, 21 Dunbar Rd, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM Ted.Cottrell@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 2008 VL 105 IS 3 BP 455 EP 460 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 338ZC UT WOS:000258546900012 ER PT J AU Brewer, MJ Noma, T Elliott, NC Kravchenko, AN Hild, AL AF Brewer, Michael J. Noma, Takuji Elliott, Norman C. Kravchenko, Alexandra N. Hild, Ann L. TI A landscape view of cereal aphid parasitoid dynamics reveals sensitivity to farm- and region-scale vegetation structure SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphididae; Braconidae; Aphelinidae; Diuraphis noxia; parasitoids; landscape ecology; scale; seasonality; grasslands; wheat; sunflower ID RUSSIAN WHEAT APHID; HYMENOPTERAN PARASITOIDS; DIPTERAN PREDATORS; DIURAPHIS-NOXIA; AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE; GREAT-PLAINS; BRACONIDAE; APHELINIDAE; DIVERSITY; HOMOPTERA AB Functioning of plant-aphid-natural enemy interactions may be associated with the structure and composition of withinfield vegetation, neighborhood fields and field borders, and the regional plant community of cropped and noncropped areas. Farm- and region-scale vegetation in the wheat-growing area of the North American Great Plains was hypothesized to effect the abundance of two hymenopteran parasitoids, that differ in physiological and behavioral attributes, of the key pest aphid of wheat, Diuraphis noxia (Mordvilko). The parasitoids had greater sensitivity to farm-scale vegetation (wheat strip rotation with or without spring-sown sunflower) than region-scale vegetation (degree of diversification with other crops and wheat fields converted to conservation grasslands). A two-way factorial design of scale (farm- and region-scale) revealed that parasitoid abundance in grass-dommant (homogeneous) areas especially benefited from adding sunflower to the wheat-fallow strip crop rotation. Considerable sensitivity of the analysis was added when adjusting for seasonality of vegetation, revealing that the region-scale effects were most prominent late season. From a management viewpoint, adding Sunflower into the wheat production system, especially in relatively homogeneous vegetation regions, tends to promote local parasitoid populations during the summer when spring-sown plants are maturing and wheat is not in cultivation. Contrasting results for A. albipodus and L. testaceipes were consistent with expectations based on behavioral and physiological attributes of the two aphid parasitoid families they represent. Still, the general management interpretation seems robust for the two parasitoids and has relevance to both farm- and region-scale management schemes that are occurring in the wheat production zone of North American Great Plains. C1 [Brewer, Michael J.; Noma, Takuji] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, Integrated Pest Management Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Elliott, Norman C.] USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Kravchenko, Alexandra N.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hild, Ann L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Brewer, MJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, Integrated Pest Management Program, CIPS Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM brewerm@msu.edu NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 9 U2 25 PU CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 2008 VL 105 IS 3 BP 503 EP 511 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 338ZC UT WOS:000258546900020 ER PT J AU Brown, MW Mathews, CR AF Brown, Mark W. Mathews, Clarissa R. TI Conservation biological control of spirea aphid, Aphis spiraecola (Hemiptera : Aphididae) on apple by providing natural alternative food resources SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE interplanting; extrafloral nectar; habitat management; Harmonia axyridis; Malus domestica; Aphis spiraecola ID ARTHROPOD PESTS; HOMOPTERA; ORCHARDS; POMI; MANAGEMENT; PREDATORS; PLANTS AB Enhancing biological control in orchards is an efficient way to control insect pests. This study investigates the possibility of increasing biological control of spirea aphid by providing alternate food resources, in the form of peach extrafloral nectar, to adult Harmonia axyridis, its primary predator. Two pairs of apple orchards, each having one interplanted with 50% trees bearing extrafloral nectar and one a monoculture, were Studied for aphid and predator populations from 1999 to 2005. There were no differences in spirea aphid or predator populations between inter-planted and monoculture orchards. However, H. axyridis adults arrived earlier in the interplanted than in the monoculture orchards. In another apple orchard, the effect of peach extrafloral nectar on sentinel spirea aphid colonies surrounding a cluster of potted peach trees, or a cluster of apple trees as a control, was tested in 2007. Only the closest spirea colonies to the potted peach trees, trees within 3 in, showed an increase in biological control. Although there was some indication of enhancement of predation by adult H. axyridis on spirea aphids, adding alternative food resources in the form of peach trees bearing extrafloral nectar resulted in no detectable increase in biological control. C1 [Brown, Mark W.] USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Mathews, Clarissa R.] Shepherd Univ, Inst Environm Studies, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA. RP Brown, MW (reprint author), USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM mark.brown@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU CZECH ACAD SCI, INST ENTOMOLOGY PI CESKE BUDEJOVICE PA BRANISOVSKA 31, CESKE BUDEJOVICE 370 05, CZECH REPUBLIC SN 1210-5759 J9 EUR J ENTOMOL JI Eur. J. Entomol. PY 2008 VL 105 IS 3 BP 537 EP 540 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 338ZC UT WOS:000258546900024 ER PT J AU Reeves, WK AF Reeves, Will K. TI Molecular evidence for a novel Coxiella from Argas monolakensis (Acari : Argasidae) from Mono Lake, California, USA SO EXPERIMENTAL AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE tick; Coxiella; intracellular bacteria; Rickettsia; Argas ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TICKS; RICKETTSIA; BORRELIA; MICROORGANISM; BURNETII AB Argasid ticks are vectors of viral and bacterial agents of humans and animals. Recent reports indicate that some ornithophilic argasids harbored rickettsial agents. A Nearctic tick, Argas monolakensis Schwan, Corwin, Brown is ornithophilic and has not previously been examined for rickettsial agents. Thirty adult A. monolakensis were tested by PCR for DNA from Rickettsia or Coxiella. Amplicons from a Coxiella sp. that were divergent from Coxiella burnetii were detected in 16/30 A. monolakensis. These molecular isolates were similar but not identical to C. burnetii, the Coxiella spp. of other ticks, and "Coxiella cheraxi" a pathogen of crayfish. C1 USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Coll Agr, Dept 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Reeves, WK (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arthropod Borne Anim Dis Res Lab, Coll Agr, Dept 3354, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM will.reeves@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8162 J9 EXP APPL ACAROL JI Exp. Appl. Acarol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 44 IS 1 BP 57 EP 60 DI 10.1007/s10493-008-9128-z PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 263EH UT WOS:000253199900007 PM 18247143 ER PT S AU King, KW Balogh, JC Kohlbry, D AF King, K. W. Balogh, J. C. Kohlbry, D. BE Nett, MT Carroll, MJ Horgan, BP Petrovic, AM TI Discharge Losses of Nitrogen and Phosphorus from a Golf Course Watershed SO FATE OF NUTRIENTS AND PESTICIDES IN THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Fate of Nutrients and Pesticides in the Urban Environment CY OCT 12-13, 2005 CL Arlington, VA SP Amer Chem Soc, div Agrochem ID PERENNIAL RYEGRASS TURFS; RUNOFF; NUTRIENT; QUALITY; TURFGRASS; FERTILIZER; PESTICIDE; SEDIMENT; IMPACTS; RATES AB Golf course turf accounts for approximately one million hectares of land in the United States, and is the most intensively managed system in the urban landscape. Discharge from golf course turf may potentially transport nutrients into surface water. The primary objective of this research was to assess the small watershed scale hydrologic and water quality impact from a well maintained golf course. The study site was a sub-area of Northland Country Club located in Duluth, MN. Surface water discharge and nutrient concentrations [NO(3)-N; NH(4)-N, dissolved reactive phosphorus (DRP), TN, and TP] were collected for a 2.5 year period (June 2002-November 2004). The mean measured rainfall/discharge coefficient during the study period was 0.46. Measured NO(3)-N and NH(4)-N concentrations at the inflow and outflow sites were not significantly different (p > 0.05), however, concentrations of TN, DRP, and TP at the same locations were significantly different (p < 0,05). Nutrient load attributed to the course was 0.11 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) NH(4)-N, 0.59 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) NO(3)-N, 0.14 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) DRP, 2.79 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) TN, and 0.27 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) TP. Nitrogen loads from this site pose minimal environmental concerns; however, phosphorus concentrations are consistent with concentrations known to lead to eutrophic conditions. C1 [King, K. W.] ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, USDA, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP King, KW (reprint author), ARS, Soil Drainage Res Unit, USDA, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-7422-8 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2008 VL 997 BP 79 EP 91 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKS08 UT WOS:000269054400005 ER PT J AU Bilodeau-Bourgeois, L Bosworth, BG Peterson, BC AF Bilodeau-Bourgeois, Lelania Bosworth, Brian G. Peterson, Brian C. TI Differences in mortality, growth, lysozyme, and toll-like receptor gene expression among genetic groups of catfish exposed to virulent Edwardsiella ictaluri SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toll-like receptors; catfish; Edwardsiella ictaluri; ESC; real-time PCR; lysozyme; expression ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; CHANNEL CATFISH; ENTERIC SEPTICEMIA; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; IGF-I; PUNCTATUS; INNATE; RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Survivorship to ESC (enteric septicemia of catfish) varies among and within strains of commercially raised catfish, however the immunological basis for differences in susceptibility is not well- understood. We assessed the effect of pathogen challenge with Edwardsiella ictaluri on five genetic groups of catfish by measuring both phenotypic response (mortality, pathogen levels, specific growth rate), and three measures of immune response, including lysozyme activity and mRNA expression of two toll-like receptors (TLR3 and TLR5). Both mortality and pathogen loads, in addition to non-specific immune response, consistently ranged from the least susceptible Blue catfish (24%, 3.4 X 10(2) +/- 9.3 x 10(1) cell-equivalents/mg, 13.2 +/- 3.2 U/mL tissue, respectively) to the most susceptible 103 channel catfish (65%, 1.1 X 10(4) +/- 6.4 x 10(3) cell-equivalents/mg tissue, 67.3 +/- 28.7 U/mL, respectively). Similarly, specific growth rate was reduced in exposed fish, compared to non-exposed controls, only in the most susceptible genetic groups (P = 0.0051). Trends in mRNA expression levels were apparent in each tissue type for both genes. In kidney, differences were evident in expression of both TLR3 and TLR5 mRNA between strains early and late in challenge (P < 0.01). TLR5 mRNA showed significant downregulation in all strains on days 1 and 4 (P = 0.0001). In spleen, all. strains had elevated levels of TLR3 (P = 0.0050) and TLR5 mRNA (P < 0.0001) only 1 day post-exposure. In stomach, only one strain (103 x RR) showed upregulation (P = 0.0063) throughout challenge. The relationship of phenotypic (mortality and growth) and immune responses measured here, suggests that variation in susceptibility to ESC is a function of differences in innate immune response. Understanding these differences will be crucial for enhancing the immune system through selective breeding and in developing disease management protocols for channel catfish. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Bilodeau-Bourgeois, Lelania] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Unit, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Bosworth, Brian G.; Peterson, Brian C.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS USA. RP Bilodeau-Bourgeois, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Unit, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM lanie.bourgeois@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 24 IS 1 BP 82 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.09.001 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 264RM UT WOS:000253306700010 PM 18023209 ER PT J AU Riddell, J Nash, TH Padgett, P AF Riddell, Jennifer Nash, Thomas H., III Padgett, Pamela TI The effect of HNO3 gas on the lichen Ramalina menziesii SO FLORA LA English DT Article DE air pollution; biomonitoring; lichens; nitric acid; nitrogen deposition; Ramalina menziesii ID SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; AIR-POLLUTION; DEPOSITION; NITROGEN; DEGRADATION; RESPONSES; SULFUR; TAYL AB Nitric acid (HNO3) and ozone (O-3), secondary products of photochemical reactions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds, are important pollutants in and regions with large outputs from petrol combustion. In the Los Angeles (LA) air basin, nitrogen dry deposition rates in forests downwind of the urban areas can reach 35-40 kg ha(-1) year(-1), roughly equivalent to the amount of N used to fertilize agricultural fields. The marked decline in the lichen population of the LA air basin has previously been attributed to local O-3 concentration gradients, which overlaid the patterns of species extirpation. Recent research in the air basin has shown that nitrate (NO3-) deposition gradients run parallel to the O-3 concentration gradient, and that deposition of NO3- and HNO3 can have significant effects on forest health. Our research examines the effects of HNO3 dry deposition on the lichen Ramalina menziesii Tayl. in an effort to understand the loss of lichen species in southern California, and increase the usefulness of lichens as biomonitors of nitrogen pollutants. We transplanted healthy R. menziesii thalli from a "pristine" location into fumigation chambers and exposed them to HNO3 under humid and dry conditions, and moderate and high HNO3 fumigations. R. menziesii thalli treated with HNO3 in month-long fumigations experienced a significant decline in chlorophyll content and carbon exchange capacity compared to thalli in control chambers. Leachate conductivity, NO3- and K+ concentrations increased with HNO3 fumigation levels and time. We conclude that R. menziesii has an unequivocally negative response to HNO3 gas concentrations common to ambient summer conditions in the LA air basin. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Riddell, Jennifer; Nash, Thomas H., III] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Padgett, Pamela] USDA, Forest Serv, Riverside, CA 92701 USA. RP Riddell, J (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Box 874501, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM Jennifer.Riddell@asu.edu NR 23 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0367-2530 J9 FLORA JI Flora PY 2008 VL 203 IS 1 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.flora.2007.10.001 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 276CF UT WOS:000254118200005 ER PT J AU Maragos, CM Busman, M Plattner, RD AF Maragos, C. M. Busman, M. Plattner, R. D. TI Development of monoclonal antibodies for the fusarin mycotoxins SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article DE fusarin; mycotoxin; antibody; immunoassay; Fusarium verticillioides ID NATURAL OCCURRENCE; MONILIFORME; MUTAGEN; BIOSYNTHESIS; METABOLITES; CORN; IDENTIFICATION AB The fusarins are a group of mycotoxins produced by fungi that commonly infest cereal crops, in particular by the fungus Fusarium verticillioides. This group of compounds is characterized by a substituted 2-pyrrolidone ring attached to a 12-carbon polyunsaturated backbone. Several of the fusarins contain an epoxide substitution on the pyrrolidone ring and are highly mutagenic. This paper describes the development of seven monoclonal antibodies and immunoassays for detecting fusarins C and A. Fusarin C was isolated and conjugated to ovalbumin to produce the immunogen. Competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (CI-ELISAs) were developed based upon the isolated monoclonal antibodies. The concentrations of fusarin C able to inhibit colour development by 50% (IC50) in CI-ELISAs were 1.0, 2.0, 3.6, 23.4, 28.9, 31.4, and 66.7 ng ml(-1) for clones 1-38, 1-30, 1-5, 1-7, 1-43, 1-25, and 1-21, respectively. Cross-reactivity with fusarin A was 44.8, 51.4, 41.1, 174.0, 62.6, 78.2, and 98.0% for clones 1-38, 1-30, 1-5, 1-7, 1-43, 1-25, and 1-21, respectively. Given the sensitivity of these antibodies for fusarins it is expected that, with further development, they may be useful for detecting fusarins at relevant levels in foods. C1 [Maragos, C. M.; Busman, M.; Plattner, R. D.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Maragos, CM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 1 BP 105 EP 114 DI 10.1080/02652030701518098 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 250UH UT WOS:000252326000011 PM 18041599 ER PT J AU Maragos, CM Appell, M Lippolis, V Visconti, A Catucci, L Pascale, M AF Maragos, C. M. Appell, M. Lippolis, V. Visconti, A. Catucci, L. Pascale, M. TI Use of cyclodextrins as modifiers of fluorescence in the detection of mycotoxins SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th IUPAC International Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins CY MAY 21-25, 2007 CL Sci & Technol Council Turkey, Istanbul, TURKEY HO Sci & Technol Council Turkey DE mycotoxin; trichothecene; zearalenone; cyclodextrin; fluorescence; analysis ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OCHRATOXIN-A; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; LUMINESCENCE CHARACTERISTICS; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; AFLATOXINS Q(1); CEREAL-GRAINS; SILICA GEL; ENHANCEMENT; ZEARALENONE AB Cyclodextrins, cyclic oligosaccharides composed of amylose subunits, are known to interact with mycotoxins. The interactions may be useful to analytical chemists by altering the properties of the mycotoxin of interest, namely the chromatographic properties, electrophoretic properties, fluorescence, or absorption of these fungal metabolites. Practical applications of these effects have been the incorporation of cyclodextrins into high-performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis methods for mycotoxin detection. Specific mycotoxins include those with a native fluorescence such as the aflatoxins, ochratoxin A (OTA) and zearalenone (ZEN) as well as those that can be rendered fluorescent through derivatization, such as T-2 toxin. The literature describing the applications of cyclodextrins in mycotoxin analysis is reviewed and an attempt to extend the use of cyclodextrins to the detection of labelled T-2 toxin is presented. Twenty cyclodextrins were evaluated for their ability to enhance the fluorescence emission of T-2 toxin derivatized with pyrene-1-carbonyl cyanide (T2-Pyr). This evaluation revealed that heptakis (2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin (DIMEB), in particular, enhanced T2-Pyr fluorescence. DIMEB was used as a buffer modifier in a capillary electrophoresis-laser-induced fluorescence (CE-LIF) method for detecting T-2 in maize. Because of the effects that certain cyclodextrins have, especially under aqueous conditions, they may make useful additives for a variety of mycotoxin analytical methods. C1 [Maragos, C. M.; Appell, M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lippolis, V.; Visconti, A.; Pascale, M.] CNR, ISPA, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Catucci, L.] Univ Bari, Dipartmento Chim, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Maragos, CM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM chris.maragos@ars.usda.gov OI Pascale, Michelangelo/0000-0002-3898-1030 NR 35 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 164 EP 171 DI 10.1080/02652030701564555 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 269OY UT WOS:000253659900005 PM 18286406 ER PT J AU Dorner, JW AF Dorner, J. W. TI Management and prevention of mycotoxins in peanuts SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th IUPAC International Symposium on Mycotoxins and Phycotoxins CY MAY 21-25, 2007 CL Sci & Technol Council Turkey, Istanbul, TURKEY HO Sci & Technol Council Turkey DE peanut; aflatoxin; cyclopiazonic acid; Aspergillus flavus; Aspergillus parasiticus; segregation; electronic colour sorting; biological control; prevention; management ID PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; SOIL-TEMPERATURE AB Contamination of peanuts with mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins, is a worldwide problem that affects both food safety and agricultural economies. Most countries have adopted regulations that limit the quantity of aflatoxins in food and feed to 20 mu g kg(-1) or less; however, environmental conditions in most of the world where peanuts are produced and stored often make it difficult or impossible to attain such low concentrations. In addition to aflatoxins, peanuts are often contaminated with cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). Both mycotoxins are produced by Aspergillus flavus, a ubiquitous fungus that can infect and grow in peanuts under both pre- and post-harvest conditions. Management of mycotoxin contamination in peanuts generally involves removal of high-risk components from shelled lots or the removal of individual, highly contaminated nuts. This is accomplished by various processes such as screening, kernel sizing, electronic colour sorting, hand sorting, and blanching followed by electronic colour sorting. Recently, biological control technology has been developed that prevents much of the contamination that might otherwise occur. Biocontrol is based on competitive exclusion whereby a dominant population of a non-toxigenic strain of A. flavus is established in the soil before peanuts are subjected to conditions favouring contamination. The applied strain competes with toxigenic strains for infection sites, resulting in significantly reduced concentrations of aflatoxins in peanuts. Monitoring of the first commercial use of the technology showed that aflatoxins were reduced by an average of 85% in farmers' stock peanuts and by as much as 98% in shelled, edible grade peanuts. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. RP Dorner, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 31742 USA. EM Joe.Dorner@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 3 U2 30 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM JI Food Addit. Contam. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 203 EP 208 DI 10.1080/02652030701658357 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 269OY UT WOS:000253659900009 PM 18286410 ER PT J AU Yamamoto, S Voss, KA AF Yamamoto, Shigeki Voss, Kenneth A. TI Meeting the challenges of toxic microorganisms and pathogens: implications for food safety and public health SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Yamamoto, Shigeki] Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Minist Hlth Labor & Welf, Div Biomed Food Res, Tokyo, Japan. [Voss, Kenneth A.] Agr Res Serv, Toxicol & Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Yamamoto, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Minist Hlth Labor & Welf, Div Biomed Food Res, Tokyo, Japan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1047 EP 1049 DI 10.1080/02652030802367080 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LL UT WOS:000260408000001 PM 18792832 ER PT J AU Maragos, C AF Maragos, Chris TI Tribute to Dr. Odette Shotwell SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Maragos, C (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1050 EP 1051 DI 10.1080/02652030802315535 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LL UT WOS:000260408000002 ER PT J AU Phillips, RW Abbott, D AF Phillips, R. W. Abbott, D. TI High-throughput enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) electrochemiluminescent detection of botulinum toxins in foods for food safety and defence purposes SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Toxic Microorganisms and Pathogens - Implications for Food Safety and Public Health CY NOV 07-09, 2006 CL College Pk, MD SP US/Japan Coop Program, Dev & Utilizat Nat Resources, USFDA Ctr Food Safety & Nutr DE botulism; Clostridium botulinum; electrochemiluminescence ID CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; NEUROTOXINS; TETANUS; BINDING AB Clostridum species produce seven serotypes (A-G) of botulinum toxin, four of which (A, B, E, and F) are normally associated with human illness. To date, the most reliable test for botulinum toxin is the mouse bioassay. The authors' laboratory has been exploring the use of an antibody-based assay similar to an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay (ELISA) but utilizing electrochemiluminescent technology (BioVerify (R) assay) as an alternative to the mouse bioassay for testing food samples. The detection limit of this assay is as low as 10 ng g(-1) depending on the food matrix and the serotype detected. Detection of botulinum toxin between 10 and 200 ng g(-1) is a linear curve allowing for the possibility of performing quantitative as well as qualitative testing of samples. The ease of the assay, limited sample preparation, and low detection limit make the BioVerify assay and instrument an excellent, high-throughput option for detecting botulinum toxins in food matrices. C1 [Phillips, R. W.] USDA FSIS, Microbiol Food Def & Emergency Response Branch, Athens, GA USA. [Abbott, D.] USDA FSIS, FERN Div, Natl Program Off, Athens, GA USA. RP Phillips, RW (reprint author), USDA FSIS, Microbiol Food Def & Emergency Response Branch, Athens, GA USA. EM Robert.phillips@fsis.usda.gov NR 18 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1084 EP 1088 DI 10.1080/02652030802060875 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LL UT WOS:000260408000008 PM 19238618 ER PT J AU Machida, M Terabayashi, Y Sano, M Yamane, N Tamano, K Payne, GA Yu, JJ Cleveland, TE Nierman, WC AF Machida, Masayuki Terabayashi, Yoshinobu Sano, Motoaki Yamane, Noriko Tamano, Koichi Payne, Gary A. Yu, Jiujiang Cleveland, Thomas E. Nierman, William C. TI Genomics of industrial Aspergilli and comparison with toxigenic relatives SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Toxic Microorganisms and Pathogens - Implications for Food Safety and Public Health CY NOV 07-09, 2006 CL College Pk, MD SP US/Japan Coop Program, Dev & Utilizat Nat Resources, USFDA Ctr Food Safety & Nutr DE fermentation industry; secondary metabolism; non-syntenic blocks ID SEQUENCE; ORYZAE; GENES; FUMIGATUS; NIDULANS AB Aspergillus oryzae has been used in Japanese fermentation industries for more than a thousand years. The species produces large amounts of various hydrolytic enzymes and has been successfully applied to modern biotechnology. The size of the A. oryzae genome (37.5 Mb) is very close to that of A. flavus and A. niger, and 20-30% larger than that of either A. nidulans or A. fumigatus. A. oryzae and A. flavus have exactly the same number of aspartic proteinase genes, of which each orthologous pair shares highly conserved amino acid sequences. Synteny analysis with A. fumigatus and A. nidulans showed that the A. oryzae genome has a mosaic structure consisting of syntenic and non-syntenic blocks. In the microorganisms to be compared, the density of the genes having homologs was obviously higher on the syntenic than on the non-syntenic blocks. Expression analysis by the DNA microarray supported the significantly lower expression of genes on the non-syntenic than on the syntenic blocks. C1 [Machida, Masayuki; Terabayashi, Yoshinobu; Yamane, Noriko; Tamano, Koichi] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Inst Cell Engn, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058566, Japan. [Machida, Masayuki; Sano, Motoaki] Kanazawa Inst Technol, Genome Biotechnol Lab, Haku San, Ishikawa 9240838, Japan. [Payne, Gary A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Yu, Jiujiang; Cleveland, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Nierman, William C.] Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Nierman, William C.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Machida, M (reprint author), Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Res Inst Cell Engn, Cent 6,1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058566, Japan. EM m.machida@aist.go.jp NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1147 EP 1151 DI 10.1080/02652030802273114 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LL UT WOS:000260408000017 PM 18798040 ER PT J AU Yu, JJ Payne, GA Nierman, WC Machida, M Bennett, JW Campbell, BC Robens, JF Bhatnagar, D Dean, RA Cleveland, TE AF Yu, Jiujiang Payne, Gary A. Nierman, William C. Machida, Masayuki Bennett, Joan W. Campbell, Bruce C. Robens, Jane F. Bhatnagar, Deepak Dean, Ralph A. Cleveland, Thomas E. TI Aspergillus flavus genomics as a tool for studying the mechanism of aflatoxin formation SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Toxic Microorganisms and Pathogens - Implications for Food Safety and Public Health CY NOV 07-09, 2006 CL College Pk, MD SP US/Japan Coop Program, Dev & Utilizat Nat Resources, USFDA Ctr Food Safety & Nutr DE aflatoxins; mycotoxins; toxigenic fungi; Aspergillus; genomics; expressed Sequence tags; microarrays; gene profiling ID WALNUT JUGLANS-REGIA; GENE-CLUSTER; SECONDARY METABOLISM; BIOSYNTHESIS GENES; NORSOLORINIC ACID; PARASITICUS; PATHWAY; SEQUENCE; AFLR; NIDULANS AB Aspergillus flavus is a weak pathogen that infects plants, animals and humans. When it infects agricultural crops, however, it produces one of the most potent carcinogens known (aflatoxins). To devise strategies to control aflatoxin contamination of pre-harvest agricultural crops and post-harvest grains during storage, we launched the A. flavus genomics program. The major objective of this program is the identification of genes involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis and regulation, as well as in pathogenicity, to gain a better understanding of the mechanism of aflatoxin formation. The sequencing of A. flavus whole genome has been completed. Initial annotation of the sequence revealed that there are about 13,071 genes in the A. flavus genome. Genes which potentially encode for enzymes involved in secondary metabolite production in the A. flavus genome have been identified. Preliminary comparative genome analysis of A. flavus with A. oryzae is summarized here. C1 [Yu, Jiujiang; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Cleveland, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Payne, Gary A.; Dean, Ralph A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Nierman, William C.] Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Nierman, William C.] George Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Machida, Masayuki] Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058566, Japan. [Bennett, Joan W.] Sch Biol & Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Campbell, Bruce C.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Robens, Jane F.] USDA ARS, Natl Program Leader, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Yu, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM jiujiang.yu@ars.usda.gov NR 57 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1152 EP 1157 DI 10.1080/02652030802213375 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LL UT WOS:000260408000018 PM 19238624 ER PT J AU Brown, DW Butchko, RAE Proctor, RH AF Brown, D. W. Butchko, R. A. E. Proctor, R. H. TI Genomic analysis of Fusarium verticillioides SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Symposium on Toxic Microorganisms and Pathogens - Implications for Food Safety and Public Health CY NOV 07-09, 2006 CL College Pk, MD SP US/Japan Coop Program, Dev & Utilizat Nat Resources, USFDA Ctr Food Safety & Nutr DE microarray; expressed sequence tags ( ESTs); microbiology; mycology; fumonisins; mycotoxins - Fusarium; cereals and grain ID FUJIKUROI MATING POPULATION; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; FUMONISIN PRODUCTION; GENETIC-MAP; MAIZE; BIOSYNTHESIS; MONILIFORME; INFECTION; CONTAMINATION; MYCOTOXINS AB Fusarium verticillioides (teleomorph Gibberella moniliformis) can be either an endophyte of maize, causing no visible disease, or a pathogen-causing disease of ears, stalks, roots and seedlings. At any stage, this fungus can synthesize fumonisins, a family of mycotoxins structurally similar to the sphingolipid sphinganine. Ingestion of fumonisin-contaminated maize has been associated with a number of animal diseases, including cancer in rodents, and exposure has been correlated with human oesophageal cancer in some regions of the world, and some evidence suggests that fumonisins are a risk factor for neural tube defects. A primary goal of the authors' laboratory is to eliminate fumonisin contamination of maize and maize products. Understanding how and why these toxins are made and the F. verticillioides-maize disease process will allow one to develop novel strategies to limit tissue destruction (rot) and fumonisin production. To meet this goal, genomic sequence data, expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and microarrays are being used to identify F. verticillioides genes involved in the biosynthesis of toxins and plant pathogenesis. This paper describes the current status of F. verticillioides genomic resources and three approaches being used to mine microarray data from a wild-type strain cultured in liquid fumonisin production medium for 12, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h. Taken together, these approaches demonstrate the power of microarray technology to provide information on different biological processes. C1 [Brown, D. W.; Butchko, R. A. E.; Proctor, R. H.] USDA ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL USA. RP Brown, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL USA. EM browndw@ncaur.usda.gov NR 29 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1944-0049 EI 1944-0057 J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1158 EP 1165 DI 10.1080/02652030802078166 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LL UT WOS:000260408000019 PM 19238625 ER PT J AU Atehnkeng, J Ojiambo, PS Ikotun, T Sikora, RA Cotty, PJ Bandyopadhyay, R AF Atehnkeng, J. Ojiambo, P. S. Ikotun, T. Sikora, R. A. Cotty, P. J. Bandyopadhyay, R. TI Evaluation of atoxigenic isolates of Aspergillus flavus as potential biocontrol agents for aflatoxin in maize SO FOOD ADDITIVES AND CONTAMINANTS PART A-CHEMISTRY ANALYSIS CONTROL EXPOSURE & RISK ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE aflatoxin; corn; mycotoxin; competitive exclusion; West Africa ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; FIELD APPLICATION; SECTION FLAVI; STRAINS; COTTONSEED; CORN; CONTAMINATION; REDUCTION; EXPOSURE AB Aflatoxin contamination resulting from maize infection by Aspergillus flavus is both an economic and a public health concern. Therefore, strategies for controlling aflatoxin contamination in maize are being investigated. The abilities of eleven naturally occurring atoxigenic isolates in Nigeria to reduce aflatoxin contamination in maize were evaluated in grain competition experiments and in field studies during the 2005 and 2006 growing seasons. Treatments consisted of inoculation of either grains in vials or ears at mid-silking stage in field plots, with the toxigenic isolate (La3228) or atoxigenic isolate alone and co-inoculation of each atoxigenic isolate and La3328. Aflatoxin B-1+B-2 concentrations were significantly (p<0.05) lower in the co-inoculation treatments compared with the treatment in which the aflatoxin-producing isolate La3228 was inoculated alone. Relative levels of aflatoxin B-1+B-2 reduction ranged from 70.1% to 99.9%. Among the atoxigenics, two isolates from Lafia, La3279 and La3303, were most effective at reducing aflatoxin B-1+B-2 concentrations in both laboratory and field trials. These two isolates have potential value as agents for the biocontrol of aflatoxin contamination in maize. Because these isolates are endemic to West Africa, they are both more likely than introduced isolates to be well adapted to West African environments and to meet regulatory concerns over their use throughout that region. C1 [Atehnkeng, J.; Ojiambo, P. S.; Bandyopadhyay, R.] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Atehnkeng, J.; Ikotun, T.] Univ Ibadan, Dept Crop Protect & Environm Biol, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Ojiambo, P. S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Sikora, R. A.] Univ Bonn, Inst Crop Sci & Resource Conservat, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. [Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, USDA, ARS, Div Plant Pathol & Microbiol,Dept Plant Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Bandyopadhyay, R (reprint author), Int Inst Trop Agr, PMB 5320, Ibadan, Nigeria. EM r.bandyopadhyay@cgiar.org FU Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ [2002.7860.6-001.00] FX This study was funded by the Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ ( German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development) Project No. 2002.7860.6-001.00. NR 35 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0265-203X J9 FOOD ADDIT CONTAM A JI Food Addit. Contam. Part A-Chem. PY 2008 VL 25 IS 10 BP 1264 EP 1271 DI 10.1080/02652030802112635 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA 365LM UT WOS:000260408100011 PM 18608502 ER PT B AU Gray, TW Stevenson, GW AF Gray, Thomas W. Stevenson, G. W. BE Lyson, TA Stevenson, GW Welsh, R TI Cooperative Structure for the Middle: Mobilizing for Power and Identity SO FOOD AND THE MID-LEVEL FARM: RENEWING AN AGRICULTURE OF THE MIDDLE SE Food Health and Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MOVEMENT C1 [Gray, Thomas W.] USDA, Rural Dev Cooperat Programs, Law Policy & Governance Area, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Stevenson, G. W.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Integrated Agr Syst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Gray, TW (reprint author), USDA, Rural Dev Cooperat Programs, Law Policy & Governance Area, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA BN 978-0-26212-299-3 J9 FOOD HEALTH ENVIRON PY 2008 VL 3 BP 37 EP 53 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BOZ22 UT WOS:000278098200005 ER PT S AU During, A AF During, Alexandrine BE Socaciu, C TI Bioavailability of Natural Pigments SO FOOD COLORANTS: CHEMICAL AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES SE Chemical and Functional Properties of Food Components Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IN-VITRO DIGESTION; HUMAN INTESTINAL-CELLS; TRANS-BETA-CAROTENE; RECEPTOR CLASS-B; CACO-2 CELLS; MIXED MICELLES; SR-BI; 15,15'-DIOXYGENASE ACTIVITY; LUTEIN BIOAVAILABILITY; DIETARY CAROTENOIDS C1 ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP During, A (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RI During, Alexandrine/I-5405-2015 NR 118 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA SN 1555-5127 BN 978-0-8493-9357-0 J9 CHEM FUNCT PROP FOOD PY 2008 BP 147 EP 175 PG 29 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BKF25 UT WOS:000267947200008 ER PT S AU Mastovska, K AF Mastovska, Katerina BE Pico, Y TI Recent Developments in Chromatographic Techniques SO FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND RESIDUE ANALYSIS SE Wilson and Wilsons Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; GC X GC; MULTIPLE PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; FLAME PHOTOMETRIC DETECTION; ON-COLUMN INJECTION; SUPERSONIC MOLECULAR-BEAMS; DIRECT SAMPLE INTRODUCTION; VACUUM OUTLET CONDITIONS C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Mastovska, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 132 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-526X BN 978-0-08-093192-0 J9 COMP ANAL C PY 2008 VL 51 BP 175 EP 200 DI 10.1016/S0166-526X(08)00006-8 PG 26 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA BCR30 UT WOS:000311082100008 ER PT S AU Covaci, A Voorspoels, S D'Silva, K Huwe, J Harrad, S AF Covaci, Adrian Voorspoels, Stefan D'Silva, Kyle Huwe, Janice Harrad, Stuart BE Pico, Y TI Brominated Flame Retardants as Food Contaminants SO FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND RESIDUE ANALYSIS SE Wilson and Wilsons Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS; SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; 2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION; NEGATIVE CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; KESTRELS FALCO-SPARVERIUS C1 [Covaci, Adrian] Univ Antwerp, Toxicol Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. [Covaci, Adrian] Univ Antwerp, Ecophysiol Biochem & Toxicol Grp, Dept Biol, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Voorspoels, Stefan] Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Reference Mat & Measurements, B-2440 Geel, Belgium. [D'Silva, Kyle] Waters Corp, Manchester M22 5PP, Lancs, England. [Huwe, Janice] ARS, Biosci Res Lab, USDA, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Harrad, Stuart] Univ Birmingham, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Covaci, A (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Toxicol Ctr, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Univ Pl 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. RI Covaci, Adrian/A-9058-2008 OI Covaci, Adrian/0000-0003-0527-1136 NR 231 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-526X BN 978-0-08-093192-0; 978-0-444-53019-6 J9 COMP ANAL C PY 2008 VL 51 BP 507 EP 570 DI 10.1016/S0166-526X(08)00015-9 PG 64 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA BCR30 UT WOS:000311082100017 ER PT S AU Campbell, BC Kim, JH Yu, J Molyneux, RJ Mahoney, N Palumbo, JD Chan, KL Bhatnagar, D Cleveland, TE Nierman, WC AF Campbell, Bruce C. Kim, Jong H. Yu, Jiujiang Molyneux, Russell J. Mahoney, Noreen Palumbo, Jeffrey D. Chan, Kathleen L. Bhatnagar, Deepak Cleveland, Thomas E. Nierman, William C. BE Siantar, DP Trucksess, MW Scott, PM Herman, EM TI Natural Products as Tools for Chemogenomic Analysis of Mycotoxin Biosynthesis and Fungal Stress-Response Systems SO FOOD CONTAMINANTS: MYCOTOXINS AND FOOD ALLERGENS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 232nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 10-14, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc ID YAP-1 TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; AFLATOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; TARGET-GENE; YEAST; IDENTIFICATION; CONTAMINATION; STIMULATION AB Certain phenolic compounds with antioxidant properties inhibit aflatoxin biosynthesis in the fungus Aspergillus flavus, without affecting growth. Similarly, some of the same phenolics also inhibit biosynthesis of ochratoxin by A alliaceous. Exposing A. flavus to oxidative stress, such as hydrogen peroxide, enhances aflatoxin biosynthesis. Bioassays with gene-deletion mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, as a model fungus, showed phenolics and reactive oxygen species modulated the antioxidative stress-response system. Caffeic acid was selected as a chemogenomic tool to monitor expression profiling using A. flavus microarrays. These profiles showed that treatment of the fungus with caffeic acid resulted in significant down-regulation of almost all genes in the aflatoxin biosynthetic gene cluster. However, there was little change in expression by laeA and aflR, known regulatory genes of aflatoxin synthesis. Alternatively, a number of peroxiredoxin genes most closely related to alkyl hydroperoxide reductases are dramatically up-regulated by the caffeic acid treatment. These enzymes are believed to reduce amounts of lipoperoxides. The lowering of such peroxides may reduce up-stream signaling from oxidative stress-response pathways that trigger aflatoxin biosynthesis. These results show antioxidative stress response genes are pivotal to modulating expression of the aflatoxin biosynthetic gene cluster. C1 [Campbell, Bruce C.; Kim, Jong H.; Molyneux, Russell J.; Mahoney, Noreen; Palumbo, Jeffrey D.; Chan, Kathleen L.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Campbell, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6954-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2008 VL 1001 BP 2 EP 12 PG 11 WC Allergy; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Allergy; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BKP80 UT WOS:000268886600001 ER PT S AU Appell, M Maragos, CM Kendra, DF AF Appell, Michael Maragos, Chris M. Kendra, David F. BE Siantar, DP Trucksess, MW Scott, PM Herman, EM TI Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Mycotoxins SO FOOD CONTAMINANTS: MYCOTOXINS AND FOOD ALLERGENS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 232nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 10-14, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc ID SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OCHRATOXIN-A; COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH; ANALYTICAL-CHEMISTRY; RATIONAL DESIGN; MONILIFORMIN; PRECONCENTRATION; RECOGNITION; ZEARALENONE AB Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are a class of synthetic receptors capable of selective recognition of analytes. Recent developments in imprinting technology have made possible several practical applications for these materials, including the use of MIPs in mycotoxin detection. Structure-activity relationships of reported MIPs for ochra-toxin A, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone are reviewed. In addition, results from a molecularly imprinted solid phase extraction (MISPE) analysis of a MIP designed to recognize moniliformin show the binding properties of the moniliformin MIP are influenced by solvent and matrix effects. C1 [Appell, Michael; Maragos, Chris M.; Kendra, David F.] ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Appell, M (reprint author), ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 55 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6954-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2008 VL 1001 BP 152 EP 169 PG 18 WC Allergy; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Allergy; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BKP80 UT WOS:000268886600008 ER PT S AU Herman, EM AF Herman, Eliot M. BE Siantar, DP Trucksess, MW Scott, PM Herman, EM TI Mitigation of Soybean Allergy by Development of Low Allergen Content Seeds SO FOOD CONTAMINANTS: MYCOTOXINS AND FOOD ALLERGENS SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 232nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY SEP 10-14, 2006 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Chem Soc ID M BD 30K; BARCELONA ASTHMA OUTBREAKS; G2 GLYCININ ALLERGEN; EARLY-WEANED PIG; IGE-BINDING; SOY-PROTEIN; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; IMMUNODOMINANT ALLERGEN; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE AB With the increasing incidence of food allergy in the industrialized world, public awareness and concern has prompted intensified efforts to treat and mitigate allergic reactions. Much of the effort has been directed at avoidance by better labeling and awareness in conjunction with various forms of medical intervention. An alternative approach is to alter the allergen content of the food which is essentially a variation of avoidance, avoiding the allergen not the food. Soybean is one of the "big eight" food allergens difficult to avoid because of its wide use in processed food. Eliminating most of the allergens identified by IgE cross-reactivity appears feasible. This presents the potential to produce low allergen variants of otherwise significantly allergenic foods. Discussed here is the process of producing low allergenic soybeans and the implications that may result from their testing and use. C1 USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63105 USA. RP Herman, EM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Donald Danforth Plant Sci Ctr, St Louis, MO 63105 USA. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6954-5 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2008 VL 1001 BP 431 EP 445 PG 15 WC Allergy; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Allergy; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA BKP80 UT WOS:000268886600028 ER PT J AU Kumar, P Coronel, P Truong, VD Simunovic, J Swartzel, KR Sandeep, KP Cartwright, G AF Kumar, P. Coronel, P. Truong, V. D. Simunovic, J. Swartzel, K. R. Sandeep, K. P. Cartwright, G. TI Overcoming issues associated with the scale-up of a continuous flow microwave system for aseptic processing of vegetable purees SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE aseptic processing; microwave heating; vegetable purees; scale-up ID PASTEURIZATION; JUICE; MILK; UNIT AB Continuous flow microwave heating is a promising alternative to conventional heating for aseptic processing of low-acid vegetable purees. However, non-uniform temperature distribution and control of processing parameters are the major hurdles in the implementation of continuous flow microwave heating. This study was undertaken to overcome issues associated with the scale-up of a continuous flow microwave system from pilot plant scale to industrial scale and to conduct extended run times of 8 h based on the procedure developed. Dielectric properties and cross-sectional temperature profiles were measured during processing of green pea puree and carrot puree from 20 to 130 degrees C in a 5-kW continuous flow microwave system. During processing of green peas, cross-sectional temperature differences of 8.6 and 5 degrees C were observed at the outlet for center temperatures of 50 and 130 degrees C respectively. These temperature differences were 32.9 and 3.6 degrees C for carrot puree. For process scale-up, green pea puree and carrot puree were processed in a 60-kW microwave system with the objective of successful operation for at least 8 h. Static mixers, installed at the exit of each of the microwave applicators, improved temperature uniformity for both purees. Successful completion of processing the purees for 8 h in the 60-kW microwave system showed the potential for the scale-up of a continuous flow microwave system from pilot plant scale to industrial scale. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kumar, P.; Simunovic, J.; Swartzel, K. R.; Sandeep, K. P.; Cartwright, G.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Coronel, P.] Unilever R&D, NL-3133 AT Vlaardingen, Netherlands. [Truong, V. D.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sandeep, KP (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Sci, 129 Schaub Hall,Box 7624, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kp_sandeep@ncsu.edu NR 10 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PY 2008 VL 41 IS 5 BP 454 EP 461 DI 10.1016/j.foodres.2007.11.004 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 320SU UT WOS:000257256100002 ER PT J AU Nicholls, DL Monserud, RA Dykstra, DP AF Nicholls, David L. Monserud, Robert A. Dykstra, Dennis P. TI Biomass utilization for bioenergy in the Western United States SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SMALL-DIAMETER TREES; WOOD; OREGON; FUELS C1 [Nicholls, David L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Alaska Wood Utilizat Res & Dev Ctr, Sitka, AK USA. [Monserud, Robert A.; Dykstra, Dennis P.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland Forestry Sci Lab, Portland, OR USA. RP Nicholls, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Alaska Wood Utilizat Res & Dev Ctr, Sitka, AK USA. EM dlnicholls@fs.fed.us; rmonserud@fs.fed.us; ddykstra@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 6 EP 16 PG 11 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 304YR UT WOS:000256145500002 ER PT J AU Pan, F Han, HS Johnson, LR Elliot, WJ AF Pan, Fei Han, Han-Sup Johnson, Leonard R. Elliot, William J. TI Net energy output from harvesting small-diameter trees using a mechanized system SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BIOMASS AB What amount of extra energy can be generated after subtracting the total energy consumed to produce the biomass energy? Knowing the ratio between energy output and input is a valid question when highly mechanized systems that consume fossil fuels are used to harvest and transport forest biomass for energy. We estimated the net energy generated from mechanical fuel reduction thinning treatments on pure ponderosa pine stands in Arizona. The mechanized system (felling, skidding, loading, grinding, and hauling) was monitored for energy consumption. Potential energy output from harvested forest biomass was calculated based on hog fuel moisture content and heating value. A 9-day study showed positive net energy output of 3,471,376,292 BTUs. The net energy ratio between energy output and input was 10.41, and the energy cost from stump to energy plant was $4.65/million BTUs. Energy used for hauling hog fuel represented the largest part (36.27%) of the total energy input. The net energy ratio decreased 0.11 with each additional transportation mile. Energy cost increased by $0.04/million BTUs, $0.13/million BTUs, and $1.48/million BTUs for each additional mile of highway, unpaved road, and spur road, respectively. A one dollar per gallon diesel price increase added $0.34/million BTUs to the energy cost. Forest biomass energy has an encouraging net energy ratio compared with other biomass sources, but the high production cost and energy cost can impede the use of forest biomass for energy. C1 [Pan, Fei; Johnson, Leonard R.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Prod, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Han, Han-Sup] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Elliot, William J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Moscow, ID USA. RP Pan, F (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Prod, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM feipan@vandals.uidaho.edu; hh30@humboldt.edu; ljohnson@uidaho.edu; welliot@fs.efed.us NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 304YR UT WOS:000256145500005 ER PT J AU Brackley, AM Barber, V AF Brackley, Allen M. Barber, Valerie TI Consumer and purchasing agent response to terms used to describe forest products from southeast Alaska SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Using information from 204 individuals with an active interest in home building and/or furnishing, this study surveys consumers and purchasing agents and reports their reaction to terms used to describe forest products from southeast Alaska. Regarding terms used to describe the trees or forest products, while 67 percent of the respondents would purchase products from old growth trees, purchasing agents were more likely to refuse to purchase products front old growth forests (negative response from 12 percent of consumers vs. 29 percent for purchasing agents). Eighty-eight percent of respondents reacted positively to purchasing products from trees grown under sustainable yield management. Twenty-eight percent of respondents reacted negatively to the term national forest, while the term Tongass received the highest level of uncertainty. When asked if they would purchase products made from trees cut from a forest of concern to either environmental or preservationist groups, respondents showed polarity with approximately equal yes (38 to 46%) and no (43 to 46%) responses. It was concluded that respondents had an overall positive view of Alaska forest products. C1 [Brackley, Allen M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Alaska Wood Utilizat & Res Dev Ctr, Sitka, AK USA. [Barber, Valerie] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sitka, AK USA. RP Brackley, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Alaska Wood Utilizat & Res Dev Ctr, Sitka, AK USA. EM abrackley@fs.fed.us; ffvab@uaf.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 USA SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 1-2 BP 47 EP 52 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 304YR UT WOS:000256145500008 ER PT J AU Winter, S Chirici, G Mcroberts, RE Hauk, E Tomppo, E AF Winter, Susanne Chirici, Gherardo Mcroberts, Ronald E. Hauk, Elmar Tomppo, Erkki TI Possibilities for harmonizing national forest inventory data for use in forest biodiversity assessments SO FORESTRY LA English DT Article ID INDICATORS; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY AB Representatives of the national forest inventories (NFIs) of 27 European countries and the USA evaluated possibilities for a common approach to forest biodiversity reporting. The project was conducted under the auspices of COST (European Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research) Action E43, 'Harmonisation of National Forest Inventories in Europe: Techniques for Common Reporting'. Based on the analysis of responses to an initial questionnaire regarding the most ecologically important and technically feasible variables for monitoring forest biodiversity using NFI data, 16 key variables were selected. Responses to a second questionnaire consisting of six questions regarding assessment of the 16 key variables revealed that the NFIs of most responding countries already assess a large proportion of these variables. Each of the 16 variables is assessed in at least eight NFIs. However, the responses regarding assessment methods and necessary field crew expertise varied considerably. As a first example, although tree diameters at breast height (d.b.h.) are assessed by every country, there is a wide range of minimum d.b.h. thresholds from 0 mm in Finland to 12 cm in Cyprus and Switzerland. As a second example, eight countries estimated that almost all inventory variables require highly skilled forest staff with specialized training, but most countries agree that a middle level of expertise is sufficient. Despite differences in current NFI methods, overall, the results of the study indicate positive possibilities for achieving a moderate level of European-wide harmonization. C1 [Winter, Susanne] Tech Univ Munich, Fak Forstwissensch & Ressourcenmanagement, Dept Okol, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. [Chirici, Gherardo] Univ Molise, Dipartimento Sci & Technol Ambientali & Terr, Lab Ecol & Geomat Forestale, EcoGeoFor, I-86090 Pesche, Isernia, Italy. [Mcroberts, Ronald E.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hauk, Elmar] Forstl Bundesversuchanstalt, A-1131 Vienna, Austria. [Tomppo, Erkki] Finnish Forest Res Inst, Vantaa Res Unit, FI-00170 Helsinki, Finland. RP Winter, S (reprint author), Tech Univ Munich, Fak Forstwissensch & Ressourcenmanagement, Dept Okol, Hochanger 13, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany. EM winter@wzw.tum.de RI Chirici, Gherardo/E-6364-2010 OI Chirici, Gherardo/0000-0002-0669-5726 NR 27 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0015-752X J9 FORESTRY JI Forestry PD JAN PY 2008 VL 81 IS 1 BP 33 EP 44 DI 10.1093/forestry/cpm042 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 281BM UT WOS:000254471200003 ER PT J AU Schepers, JS Lynch, JM AF Schepers, J. S. Lynch, J. M. BE FreerSmith, PH Broadmeadow, MSJ Lynch, JM TI Soils and Waste Management: a Challenge to Climate Change SO FORESTRY AND CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID METHANE C1 [Schepers, J. S.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Lynch, J. M.] Forest Res, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham GU10 4LH, Surrey, England. RP Schepers, JS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 113 Keim Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jschepers1@unl.edu; jim.lynch@forestry.gsi.gov.uk; jim.lynch@forestry.gsi.gov.uk NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-294-7 PY 2008 BP 121 EP 126 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BVZ73 UT WOS:000293217000016 ER PT J AU Solomon, AM Freer-Smith, PH AF Solomon, A. M. Freer-Smith, P. H. BE FreerSmith, PH Broadmeadow, MSJ Lynch, JM TI Forest Responses to Global Change in North America: Interacting Forces Define a Research Agenda SO FORESTRY AND CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DROUGHT; GROWTH C1 [Solomon, A. M.] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Freer-Smith, P. H.] Forest Res, Alice Holt Lodge, Farnham GU10 4LH, Surrey, England. RP Solomon, AM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM allensolomon@fs.fed.us; peter.freer-smith@forestry.gsi.gov.uk NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-294-7 PY 2008 BP 151 EP 159 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BVZ73 UT WOS:000293217000020 ER PT B AU Geils, BW AF Geils, Brian W. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Fort Valley: A Natural Laboratory for Research and Education SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Editorial Material CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst C1 USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Geils, BW (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400002 ER PT B AU Foster, GS AF Foster, G. Sam BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Opening Remarks for the Fort Valley Centennial Celebration SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst AB The Rocky Mountain Research Station recognizes and values the contributions of our scientists and collaborators for their work over the past century at Fort Valley Experimental Forest. With the help of our partners and collaborators, Rocky Mountain Research Station is working to improve coordination across its research Program Areas and Experimental Forests and Ranges to better support an integrated landscape research platform for the Interior West region. Given the rich historic context of Fort Valley, and the long-term studies and data it entails, together we can adapt and innovate our future research strategy to meet the challenges of the twenty-first century. C1 USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Foster, GS (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP III EP VI PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400001 ER PT B AU Olberding, SD AF Olberding, Susan D. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI "It Was a Young Man's Life": G. A. Pearson SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst AB The nation's initial USFS research site commenced in a rustic cabin in the midst of northern Arizona's expansive ponderosa pine forest. Gustaf A. Pearson was the first in a distinguished line of USFS scientists to live and study there. A visitor to Fort Valley today often wishes he could have stood in Pearson's large boots (he was said to have enormous feet) as he and his early compatriots were true pioneers on a journey toward understanding nature's methods of ponderosa pine regeneration. Over the past century, their efforts have been honed into an extensive foundation of silviculture, range and watershed research that benefits current and future researchers. The pioneering seeds of techniques they sowed and carefully nurtured have grown into modus operandi for scientists. The tree Raphael Zon planted is now a towering, stately ponderosa pine that proffers progress in science, knowledge, and preservation. This historic spot and its scientific yields have earned celebration and acknowledgment. This paper looks at the cultural history of FVEF and provides introduction to the subsequent papers in these proceedings. C1 USFS Ft Valley Expt Forest, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Olberding, SD (reprint author), USFS Ft Valley Expt Forest, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 3 EP 17 PG 15 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400003 ER PT B AU Heidmann, LJ AF Heidmann, L. J. (Pat) BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Forest Regeneration Research at Fort Valley SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID PONDEROSA PINE; CENTRAL ARIZONA; SEEDLINGS AB When C. A. Pearson arrived at Fort Valley to establish the first Forest Service Experiment Station he found many open park-like stands similar to those in Figure 1. Within two years, Pearson had outlined the major factors detrimental to the establishment of ponderosa pine seedlings (Pearson 1910). During the next almost 40 years, he wrote many articles on methods of cutting, tree planting, thinning, raising seedlings, natural regeneration and other aspects of forest management. His findings are contained in his landmark treatise, "Management of Ponderosa Pine in the Southwest" (1950). Gaines and Shaw (1958) summarize the first fifty years of research at Fort Valley. The following reviews Pearson's findings along with discoveries made since 1958. C1 USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Heidmann, LJ (reprint author), USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 25 EP 37 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400005 ER PT B AU Sackett, SS Haase, SM AF Sackett, Stephen S. Haase, Sally M. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Fire and Fuels Research at Fort Valley and Long Valley Experimental Forests SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; PRESCRIBED FIRE; ARIZONA; NITROGEN; NEOTYPHODIUM; RESTORATION; COMMUNITY; GRASS AB Fire research began on the Fort Valley and Long Valley Experimental Forests in the mid 1970s. The U.S. Forest Service and other agencies in the Southwest (BIA and state) had been utilizing prescribed fire to reduce piled hazardous fuels from harvesting. Most managers had not viewed the use of prescribed fire to reduce natural fuels on a broad scale positively. The use of rotational prescribed burning has been investigated for over 30 years to determine the long-term effects of the reintroduction of this natural event. This paper summarizes the events that led up to the establishment of this long-term research project and general findings resulting from this work. C1 [Sackett, Stephen S.; Haase, Sally M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Sackett, SS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 38 EP 47 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400006 ER PT B AU Pearson, HA Clary, WP Moore, MM Sieg, CH AF Pearson, Henry A. Clary, Warren P. Moore, Margaret M. Sieg, Carolyn Hull BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Range Management Research, Fort Valley Experimental Forest SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; FORAGE PLANTINGS; ARIZONA; JUNIPER; CATTLE; VEGETATION; WILDFIRE; DIGESTIBILITIES; CONSUMPTION; OVERSTORY AB Range management research at the Fort Valley Experimental Forest during the past 100 years has provided scientific knowledge for managing ponderosa pine forests and forest-range grazing lands in the Southwest. Three research time periods are identified: 1908 to 1950, 1950 to 1978, and 1978 to 2008. Early research (1908-1950) addressed ecological effects of livestock grazing on pine regeneration and forage plant growth. In later years (1950-1978) the research scope broadened to include the multiple uses of forest resources (trees, understory vegetation, livestock, wildlife, etc.), environmental and socio-economic impacts, and tree, forage, and animal interactions and interrelationships. Currently (1978-2008) research is focused on biodiversity, ecosystem restoration, and ecology of invasive non-native species. C1 [Pearson, Henry A.] ARS, USFS, Athens, TX USA. RP Pearson, HA (reprint author), ARS, USFS, Athens, TX USA. NR 96 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 48 EP 59 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400007 ER PT B AU Gottfried, GJ Ffolliott, PF Neary, DG AF Gottfried, Gerald J. Ffolliott, Peter F. Neary, Daniel G. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Contributions of Silvicultural Studies at Fort Valley to Watershed Management of Arizona's Ponderosa Pine Forests SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID YIELD AB Watershed management and water yield augmentation have been important objectives for chaparral, ponderosa pine, and mixed conifer management in Arizona and New Mexico. The ponderosa pine forests and other vegetation types generally occur in relatively high precipitation zones where the potential for increased water yields is great. The ponderosa pine forests have been the subject of numerous research and management activities. Although the size, topography, and drainage patterns of the Fort Valley Experimental Forest are not conducive to watershed-scale hydrologic studies, results from Fort Valley have demonstrated the potential of silvicultural options to increase water yields. These included creating openings of different sizes, shapes, and orientations, or reducing stand densities or combinations of the two. While the importance of managing forests for water yield improvement has declined, it is still a consideration in multi-resource planning. This paper reviews silvicultural prescriptions employed on some of the major watershed research studies within the ponderosa pine forests and discusses their management implications. C1 [Gottfried, Gerald J.] USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forests & Woodlands Program, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Gottfried, GJ (reprint author), USFS Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forests & Woodlands Program, Phoenix, AZ USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 60 EP 67 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400008 ER PT B AU Geils, BW AF Geils, Brian W. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Forest Pathology and Entomology at Fort Valley Experimental Forest SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID PONDEROSA; ARIZONA; HEALTH AB Forest pathology and entomology have been researched at Fort Valley Experimental Forest throughout its history. The pathogens and insects of particular interest are mistletoes, decay and canker fungi, rusts, bark beetles, and various defoliators. Studies on life history, biotic interactions, impacts, and control have been published and incorporated into silvicultural programs. A brief review of select pathogens and insects illustrates the evolution of research problems, approaches, and applications. Southwestern dwarf mistletoe, a serious pathogen of ponderosa pine, provides a case history of research transitioning from eradication methods for a menacing pest to adaptive management for an ecological keystone species. C1 USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Geils, BW (reprint author), USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P JI USDA For. Ser. Rocky Mt. Res. Stat. Proc. PY 2008 IS 55 BP 68 EP 80 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400009 ER PT B AU Wadsworth, FH AF Wadsworth, Frank H. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Memories of Fort Valley From 1938 to 1942 SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst AB This delightful essay records Frank Wadsworth's early forestry career at FVEF in the late 1930s. Frank married Margaret Pearson, G.A. and May Pearson's daughter, in 1941. Pearson believed Frank could not continue to work for him because of nepotism rules, so Frank and Margaret moved to San Juan, Puerto Rico in 1942 where Frank continued his forestry career. His retirement now includes writing up research that he didn't get to while employed and tending his multi-acre orchards in Puerto Rico. C1 USFS Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR USA. RP Wadsworth, FH (reprint author), USFS Int Inst Trop Forestry, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 89 EP 92 PG 4 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400011 ER PT B AU Elliott, KJ Vose, JM White, AS AF Elliott, Katherine J. Vose, James M. White, Alan S. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Pine Regeneration Following Wildland Fire SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; HARDWOOD STANDS; SEEDLINGS; STROBUS; CARBON; ESTABLISHMENT; NITROGEN; FORESTS AB Pine regeneration following wildland fire continues to be a serious problem across the western and southeastern U.S. Frequency of large wildfires has increased over the last several decades and restoration of these burned areas is a major problem confronting land managers. Prescribed fires are used primarily to reduce heavy fuel loads and secondarily to reduce competition or prepare sites for natural or planted pine regeneration. In 1983, an experiment was initiated near the Fort Valley Experimental Forest to evaluate the growth of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa') seedlings planted after a severe wildfire. This study evaluated different herbaceous species effects on survival and growth of ponderosa pine seedlings. The study reported that competition from nonnative grass species (Dactylis glomerata and Agropyron desertorum) significantly reduced water and nitrogen availability and pine seedling growth; whereas, native grasses (Bouteloua gracilis and Sitanion hystrix) had no effect on soil resources or pines. In southern Appalachia, pine regeneration success after wildland fire varies depending on fire severity and growing season precipitation. After a high intensity, moderate severity fire on dry southern Appalachian ridges, pitch pine (Pinus rigida) seedling germination was high (3,000 seedlings/ha); however, most pine seedlings did not survive beyond the first year due to unusually low precipitation late in the growing season. Even in these mountains that normally receive high precipitation, drought can reduce pine seedling growth and induce mortality. More often, light and nitrogen are the limiting resources to pine seedling growth, and sprouting hardwoods are more competitive than herbaceous species with the regenerating pines. Further studies in southern Appalachia suggest that successful regeneration of pine (e.g., Pinus strobus, P. echinata, or P. rigida) after prescribed fire will not be achieved without planting pine seedlings and reducing fast growing hardwood competitors. C1 [Elliott, Katherine J.; Vose, James M.] USFS, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, So Res Stn, Otto, NC USA. RP Elliott, KJ (reprint author), USFS, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, So Res Stn, Otto, NC USA. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 162 EP 167 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400022 ER PT B AU Huebner, DP Olberding, SD Peterson, B DeSimone, D AF Huebner, Daniel P. Olberding, Susan D. Peterson, Byron DeSimone, Dino BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI A Century of Meteorological Observations at Fort Valley Experimental Forest: A Cooperative Observer Program Success Story SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst AB Meteorological observations at Fort Valley Experimental Forest began with its establishment as early silvicultural research made heavy use of meteorological data. The Fort Valley weather data represent the longest climatological record for northern Arizona with records dating back to 1909. Importance of long-term meteorological records and access to the weather record are described. C1 [Huebner, Daniel P.; Olberding, Susan D.] USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Huebner, DP (reprint author), USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 183 EP 185 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400026 ER PT B AU Kerns, BK Moore, MM Hart, SC AF Kerns, Becky K. Moore, Margaret M. Hart, Stephen C. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Understanding Ponderosa Pine Forest-Grassland Vegetation Dynamics at Fort Valley Experimental Forest Using Phytolith Analysis SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID ASSEMBLAGES; PATTERNS; OPAL AB In the last century, ponderosa pine forests in the Southwest have changed from more open park-like stands of older trees to denser stands of younger, small-diameter trees. Considerable information exists regarding ponderosa pine forest fire history and recent shifts in stand structure and composition, yet quantitative studies investigating understory reference conditions are lacking. We developed and applied an approach using phytoliths to understand forest-grassland vegetation dynamics and historical conditions. Phytoliths are particles of hydrated silica that form in the cells of living plants that are often morphologically distinct. Upon plant death and decay, the stable silica remains in the soil. Soil phytoliths are a useful tool to examine the vegetation history of an area. We created and published a phytolith reference collection, including a previously undescribed diagnostic phytolith for ponderosa pine, examined relationships between contemporary vegetation and surface soil phytolith assemblages using a phytolith classification system, and used phytoliths to explore forest-grassland vegetation dynamics. Results indicate that soil phytolith assemblages reflect long-term accumulation of organic matter in soils, and do not mirror contemporary vegetation at the scale of several meters, but rather several kilometers. Our data suggest that in the past, some C(4) (warm-season) grasses were more widely distributed but less abundant, grasses were more spatially continuous, total grass production was greater, and some species (Koeleria sp. and Bromus sp.) were more common in the study area. These results provide important information on historical understory conditions useful to ecologists and land managers for developing and implementing strategies promoting desired future conditions in the region. C1 [Kerns, Becky K.] USFS, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. RP Kerns, BK (reprint author), USFS, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400028 ER PT B AU Neary, DG Haase, SM Overby, ST AF Neary, Daniel G. Haase, Sally M. Overby, Steven T. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Total Carbon and Nitrogen in Mineral Soil After 26 Years of Prescribed Fire: Long Valley and Fort Valley Experimental Forests SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID PONDEROSA PINE AB Prescribed fire was introduced to high density ponderosa pine stands at Fort Valley and Long Valley Experimental Forests in 1976. This paper reports on mineral soil total carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) at Long Valley. Total soil C and N levels were highly variable and exhibited an increasing, but inconsistent, concentration trend related to burn interval. Total N ranged from 0.1 to 0.45%. Randomly collected soil sample C ranged from 2.2 to 5.7%, but stratified sampling indicated a greater total C range from 1.7 to 11.5%. Random sampling allows scaling up to stand and landscape level but stratified sampling does not. The latter provides an index of C and N variability due to stand conditions (old growth, pole-sized stands, and ponderosa pine thickets), clearings devoid of trees, or heavy woody debris accumulations. C1 [Neary, Daniel G.; Overby, Steven T.] USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Neary, DG (reprint author), USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 219 EP 223 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400032 ER PT B AU Olberding, SD Malis-Clark, K Pilles, PJ Lund, D AF Olberding, Susan D. Malis-Clark, Karen Pilles, Peter J., Jr. Lund, Dennis BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI A Century of Cooperation: The Fort Valley Experimental Forest and the Coconino National Forest in Flagstaff SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst AB This poster presents the continuing cooperative relationship between the Fort Valley Experimental Forest (FVEF), Coconino National Forest (CNF), USFS Region 3, and the long-term partnerships with the Museum of the Northern Arizona and the NAU School of Forestry. Fort Valley was initially named the Coconino Experiment Station and funds were channeled through Region (then District) 3 and the CNF. CNF Ranger William Wilson assisted G.A. Pearson that first winter at Fort Valley. Since Fort Valley's establishment as an experimental area, Forest Service Research has worked in conjunction with the National Forest System to sustain the magnificent ponderosa pine forest. Scientists study the forest and range ecosystems on the National Forests and make recommendations to ensure the natural resources are protected in perpetuity (Figure 1). Some of the permanent sample plots implemented in 1912 are still used for research and urgently need protection from other National Forest activities. A proposal to list the permanent sample plots on National Forests in Region 3 on the National Register of Historic Places is a step that will safeguard the research sites. Both Fort Valley and the Coconino celebrate centennials in 2008. Also included are the connections of Fort Valley scientists to the Museum of Northern Arizona and Arizona State College, now Northern Arizona University (NAU). C1 [Olberding, Susan D.] USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. RP Olberding, SD (reprint author), USFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 224 EP 229 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400033 ER PT B AU Meador, AJS Moore, MM AF Meador, Andrew J. Sanchez Moore, Margaret M. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI 93 Years of Stand Density and Land-Use Legacy Research at the Coulter Ranch Study Site SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; RESTORATION AB In 1913, the Fort Valley Experimental Forest initiated an unprecedented case-study experiment to determine the effects of harvesting methods on tree regeneration and growth on a ponderosa pine-Cambel oak forest at Coulter Ranch in northern Arizona. The harvesting methods examined were seed-tree, group selection, and light selection. In addition, the effects of livestock grazing (excluded or not) were examined. We revisited the Coulter Ranch Study Site to examine the effects of these treatments on historical (1913) and contemporary (2003-2006) stand density and tree size. The key finding was that while initial 1913 harvests reduced average pine density by one- to two-thirds, tree densities increased from three to nine times those prior to harvest over the 93-year period. The greatest increase was in the seed-tree method. C1 [Meador, Andrew J. Sanchez] USFS, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Meador, AJS (reprint author), USFS, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 230 EP 236 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400034 ER PT B AU Meador, AJS Olberding, SD AF Meador, Andrew J. Sanchez Olberding, Susan D. BE Olberding, SD Moore, MM TI Fort Valley's Early Scientists: A Legacy of Distinction SO FORT VALLEY EXPERIMENTAL FOREST - A CENTURY OF RESEARCH 1908-2008, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS SE USDA FOREST SERVICE ROCKY MOUNTAIN RESEARCH STATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Fort Valley Experimental Forest - A Century of Research 1908-2008 CY AUG 07-09, 2008 CL Flagstaff, AZ SP USDAFS, Rocky Mt Res Stn, No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Soc Amer Foresters, SW Sect, Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Coconino Natl Forest, Ecol Restorat Inst AB When the Riordan brothers of Flagstaff, Arizona, asked Gifford Pinchot to determine why there was a deficit in ponderosa pine seedlings, neither party understood the historical significance of what they were setting in motion for the field of forest research. The direct result of that professional favor was the establishment of the Fort Valley Experiment Station (Fort Valley) in 1908, and the insights produced through its research program are remarkable. The scientists that passed through Fort Valley are an accolade that commonly goes unmentioned, and includes extraordinary individuals such as: Gustaf "Gus" Pearson, Emanuel Fritz, Edward C. Crafts, and Ruth ford H. Westveld. C1 [Meador, Andrew J. Sanchez] USFS, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Meador, AJS (reprint author), USFS, Forest Management Serv Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU US DEPT AGR, FOREST SERV ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPTL STN PI FT COLLINS PA FT COLLINS, CO 80526 USA J9 US FOR SERV RMRS-P PY 2008 IS 55 BP 237 EP 241 PG 5 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BQX69 UT WOS:000282067400035 ER PT J AU Byrdwell, WC AF Byrdwell, William Craig TI Dual parallel liquid chromatography with dual mass spectrometry (LC2/MS2) for a total lipid analysis SO FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK LA English DT Article DE lipidomics; phospholipids; triacylglycerols; APCI-MS; ESI-MS; atmospheric pressure chemical; ionization; bovine brain ID SHOTGUN LIPIDOMICS; CELLULAR LIPIDOMES; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; TRIACYLGLYCEROLS; ELECTROSPRAY; PURIFICATION; SPHINGOLIPIDS; OILS AB Total lipid extracts containing both polar and non-polar lipids were separated using two liquid chromatographic systems joined together using a column-switching valve. Detection was accomplished using mass spectrometers attached to each of the two liquid chromatographic systems, for a dual liquid chromatography/ dual mass spectrometry (LC2/MS2) arrangement. This experimental approach is demonstrated to be useful to identify many classes of polar and non-polar lipids, and numerous individual molecular species within each class, which is a primary goal of lipidomics. Data are presented from a bovine brain total lipid extract and a sand bream filet extract as examples. The use of both ESI-MS and APCI-MS are demonstrated for analysis of non-polar lipids, and advantages and shortcomings of each technique are discussed. The two parallel chromatographic separations are compared to lipidomics approaches that employ infusion without chromatography. The data show that the LC2/MS2 is one approach to a comprehensive total lipid analysis that can be performed using only commercially available instruments with no fabrication or modification required. The LC2/MS2 approach represents a uniquely valuable tool for monitoring the amounts of precursors and products of molecules involved in cell signaling processes. The dual liquid chromatography/ dual mass spectrometry approach represents one of the most powerful tools for lipidomics analysis reported to date. C1 USDA ARS, BHNRC, Food Composit Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Byrdwell, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, BHNRC, Food Composit Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM C.Byrdwell@ars.usda.gov OI Byrdwell, William/0000-0001-8241-428X NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE INC PI IRVINE PA 16471 SCIENTIFIC WAY, IRVINE, CA 92618 USA SN 1093-9946 EI 1093-4715 J9 FRONT BIOSCI-LANDMRK JI Front. Biosci. PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 13 BP 100 EP 120 DI 10.2741/2663 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 299SQ UT WOS:000255775700007 PM 17981531 ER PT S AU Whitaker, BD AF Whitaker, B. D. BE Bruckner, B Wyllie, SG TI Postharvest flavor deployment and degradation in fruits and vegetables SO FRUIT AND VEGETABLE FLAVOUR: RECENT ADVANCES AND FUTURE PROSPECTS SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE; ACID HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE; OLERACEA VAR. ITALICA; ALCOHOL ACYL-TRANSFERASE; HIGH-CARBON DIOXIDE; CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASE; APPLE SUPERFICIAL SCALD; FLESH PEACH GENOTYPES; RIPENING TOMATO FRUIT; ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE C1 Agr Res Serv, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Whitaker, BD (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Bruce.Whitaker@ars.usda.gov NR 173 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978 1 84569 183 7 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2008 IS 155 BP 103 EP 131 DI 10.1533/9781845694296.2.103 PG 29 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BOH60 UT WOS:000276667300006 ER PT J AU Broz, AK Manter, DK Callaway, RM Paschke, MW Vivanco, JM AF Broz, Amanda K. Manter, Daniel K. Callaway, Ragan M. Paschke, Mark W. Vivanco, Jorge M. TI A molecular approach to understanding plant-plant interactions in the context of invasion biology SO FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Centaurea maculosa Lam.; cross-species hybridisation; invasive weed; knapweed; microarray; plant competition ID CENTAUREA-MACULOSA; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; NATIVE BUNCHGRASS; ADP-RIBOSYLATION; WEED; GENES; GENOMICS; CORN AB Competition is a major determinant of plant community structure, and can influence the size and reproductive fitness of a species. Therefore, competitive responses may arise from alterations in gene expression and plant function when an individual is confronted with new competitors. This study explored competition at the level of gene expression by hybridising transcripts from Centaurea maculosa Lam., one of North America's most invasive exotic plant species, to an Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh microarray chip. Centaurea was grown in competition with Festuca idahoensis Elmer, a native species that generally has weak competitive effects against Centaurea; Gaillardia aristata Pursh, a native species that tends to be a much stronger competitor against Centaurea; and alone (control). Some transcripts were induced or repressed to a similar extent regardless of the plant neighbour grown with Centaurea. Other transcripts showed differential expression that was specific to the competitor species, possibly indicating a species-specific aspect of the competitive response of Centaurea. These results are the first to identify genes in an invasive plant that are induced or repressed by plant neighbours and provide a new avenue of insight into the molecular aspects of plant competitive ability. C1 [Broz, Amanda K.; Vivanco, Jorge M.] Ctr Rhizosphere Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Broz, Amanda K.; Vivanco, Jorge M.] Dept Hort & Landscape Architecture, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Manter, Daniel K.] USDA, Agr Res Stn, Soil Plant Nutrient Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Callaway, Ragan M.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Paschke, Mark W.] Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Vivanco, JM (reprint author), Ctr Rhizosphere Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM j.vivanco@colostate.edu RI Paschke, Mark/E-3799-2013 OI Paschke, Mark/0000-0002-6345-5905 FU National Science Foundation [IBN 0335203, MCB-0542642]; USA Department of Defence-SERDP [CS1388]; United States Department of Agriculture-CSREES WRIPM [2005-34103-16108]; Colorado State University FX These studies were partially funded by the National Science Foundation (grants IBN 0335203 and MCB-0542642 to J.M.V.), USA Department of Defence-SERDP (grant CS1388 to J.M.V, R. M. C. and M. W. P.), the United States Department of Agriculture-CSREES WRIPM (grant 2005-34103-16108 to M. W. P. and J.M.V.) and by funds provided by Colorado State University. Special thanks to Giles Thelen and Ann Hess for technical assistance. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1445-4408 J9 FUNCT PLANT BIOL JI Funct. Plant Biol. PY 2008 VL 35 IS 11 BP 1123 EP 1134 DI 10.1071/FP08155 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 376HW UT WOS:000261175700004 ER PT J AU Lim, U Flood, A Choi, SW Albanes, D Cross, AJ Schatzkin, A Sinha, R Katki, HA Cash, B Schoenfeld, P Stolzenberg-Solomon, R AF Lim, Unhee Flood, Andrew Choi, Sang-Woon Albanes, Demetrius Cross, Amanda J. Schatzkin, Arthur Sinha, Rashmi Katki, Hormijzd A. Cash, Brooks Schoenfeld, Phillip Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael TI Genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA in relation to colorectal adenoma among asymptomatic women SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY; FOLATE STATUS; COLON-CANCER; FOLIC-ACID; HYPOMETHYLATION; RISK; CARCINOGENESIS; TUMORS; ASSOCIATION; EPIGENETICS AB Background & Aims: Systemic inhibition of DNA methylation causes cancers in animals, in part by inducing genetic instability. Epidemiologic evidence linking low genomic methylation in systemic blood DNA to carcinogenesis is limited, however, specifically to the colorectum, in which genetic instability is a primary etiologic factor. We examined genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA in relation to colorectal adenoma (CRA) among asymptornatic women (40 -79 years of age) participating in a multicenter colonoscopy screening study (CONCeRN Study, 2000-2002). Methods: Of all participants who completed self-administered risk factor and food frequency questionnaires, peripheral blood donation, and colonoscopy, 115 pairs of CRA cases and controls with matching age and month of blood draw were studied. Genomic methylation of leukocyte DNA was determined by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (0). Results: Compared with women in the lowest tertile of genomic methylation, women in the second (OR, 0.72; 95% CI: 0.34 -1.52) and third tertiles (OR, 0.17; 95% CI: 0.06-0.49) had lower risk of CRA (P trend =.002). The inverse relationship was stronger for nonadvanced than for advanced adenoma and, less notably, for proximal than for distal adenoma. The association was also moderately more protective with low rather than high total folate intake but did not differ by other nutrients involved in 1-carbon metabolism or colorectal cancer risk factors. Conclusions: Our findings regarding asymptomatic CRA implicate systemic genomic methylation as a potential etiologic factor for an early stage of CRA. C1 [Lim, Unhee; Albanes, Demetrius; Cross, Amanda J.; Schatzkin, Arthur; Sinha, Rashmi; Katki, Hormijzd A.; Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael] Natl Canc Inst, DHHS, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Lim, Unhee] Univ Minnesota, Div Epidemiol & Commun Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Flood, Andrew] Univ Minnesota, Ctr Canc, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Cash, Brooks] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cash, Brooks] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Schoenfeld, Phillip] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Div Gastroenterol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cash, Brooks] Vet Affairs Ctr Excellence, Hlth Serv Res, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Lim, U (reprint author), Natl Canc Inst, DHHS, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 320, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM limu@mail.nih.gov RI Katki, Hormuzd/B-4003-2015; Albanes, Demetrius/B-9749-2015; Sinha, Rashmi/G-7446-2015 OI Sinha, Rashmi/0000-0002-2466-7462 FU Intramural NIH HHS [NIH0011451923]; NCI NIH HHS [K07 CA108910, K07 CA108910-01A1, K07-CA108910-01A1]; PHS HHS [NIH0011451923] NR 43 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JAN PY 2008 VL 134 IS 1 BP 47 EP 55 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.10.013 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 247GO UT WOS:000252066400012 PM 18166347 ER PT J AU Yu, JM Holland, JB McMullen, MD Buckler, ES AF Yu, Jianming Holland, James B. McMullen, Michael D. Buckler, Edward S. TI Genetic design and statistical power of nested association mapping in maize SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; FALSE DISCOVERY RATE; RECOMBINANT INBRED LINES; COMPLEX TRAITS; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; MODEL SELECTION; JOINT LINKAGE; GENOME; DISSECTION AB We investigated the genetic and statistical properties of the nested association mapping (NAM) design currently being implemented in maize (26 diverse founders and 5000 distinct immortal genotypes) to dissect the genetic basis of complex quantitative traits. The NAM design simultaneously exploits the advantages of both linkage analysis and association mapping. We demonstrated the power of NAM for high-power cost-effective genome scans through computer simulations based on empirical marker data and simulated traits with different complexities. With common-parent-specific (CPS) markers genotype for the founders and the progenies, the inheritance of chromosome segments nested within two adjacent CPS markers vas inferred through linkage. Genotyping the founders with additional high-density markers enabled the projection of genetic information, capturing linkage disequilibrium information, from founders to progenies. With 5000 genotypes, 30-79% of the simulated quantitative trait loci (QTL) were precisely identified. By integrating genetic design, natural diversity, and genomics technologies, this new complex trait dissection strategy should greatly facilitate endeavors to link molecular variation with phenotypic variation for various complex traits. C1 [Yu, Jianming; Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Inst Gen Divers, USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Holland, James B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [McMullen, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [McMullen, Michael D.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Buckler, Edward S.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Buckler, ES (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Inst Gen Divers, USDA ARS, 159 Biotechnol Bldg, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM esb@cornell.edu OI Yu, Jianming/0000-0001-5326-3099; Buckler, Edward/0000-0002-3100-371X; Holland, James/0000-0002-4341-9675 NR 75 TC 337 Z9 352 U1 7 U2 100 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 USA SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD JAN PY 2008 VL 178 IS 1 BP 539 EP 551 DI 10.1534/genetics.107.074245 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 256PN UT WOS:000252742200042 PM 18202393 ER PT J AU Brunelli, KR Dunkle, LD Sobrinho, CA Fazza, AC Camargo, LEA AF Brunelli, Katia R. Dunkle, Larry D. Sobrinho, Candido A. Fazza, Ana C. Camargo, Luis E. A. TI Molecular variability in the maize grey leaf spot pathogens in Brazil SO GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cercospora zeae-maydis; Cercospora zeina; epidemiology ID CERCOSPORA-ZEAE-MAYDIS; RESISTANCE; DISEASE; CORN; DNA AB Isolates of Cercospora species from leaves displaying symptoms of grey leaf spot were collected in maize-producing areas of south-central Brazil in 2001 and 2002. Restriction digests of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA detected the presence of the same two Cercospora species described on maize in the United States, namely C. zeae-maydis and the recently described species, C. zeina. Genetic variability among isolates was assessed by analysing 104 amplified fragment length polymorphism loci. Cluster analysis confirmed the genetic separation of isolates into two species with a mean similarity of 35%. Similarity levels within species were high, averaging 93% and 92% among isolates of C. zeae-maydis and C. zeina, respectively. The mean genetic similarity between C. zeae-maydis and C. zeina and two isolates of C. sorghif. sp. maydis was 45% and 35%, respectively. Results of this study showed that populations of the grey leaf spot pathogens in Brazil are similar to those in the United States regarding species composition and that C. zeina is also present in Brazil. C1 [Brunelli, Katia R.; Fazza, Ana C.; Camargo, Luis E. A.] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Entomol Fitopatol & Zool Agr, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Dunkle, Larry D.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sobrinho, Candido A.] Embrapa Meio Norte, Teresina, PI, Brazil. RP Camargo, LEA (reprint author), Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Super Agr Luiz de Queiroz, Dept Entomol Fitopatol & Zool Agr, Av Padua Dias 11, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. EM leacamar@esalq.usp.br RI Camargo, Luis Eduardo/C-2735-2012 OI Camargo, Luis Eduardo/0000-0002-5650-5695 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU SOC BRASIL GENETICA PI RIBEIRAO PRET PA RUA CAP ADELMIO NORBET DA SILVA, 736, ALTO DA BOA VISTA, 14025-670 RIBEIRAO PRET, BRAZIL SN 1415-4757 J9 GENET MOL BIOL JI Genet. Mol. Biol. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 938 EP 942 DI 10.1590/S1415-47572008005000010 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 386BG UT WOS:000261856700022 ER PT J AU Desjardins, CA Gundersen-Rindal, DE Hostetler, JB Tallon, LJ Fadrosh, DW Fuester, RW Pedroni, MJ Haas, BJ Schatz, MC Jones, KM Crabtree, J Forberger, H Nene, V AF Desjardins, Christopher A. Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E. Hostetler, Jessica B. Tallon, Luke J. Fadrosh, Douglas W. Fuester, Roger W. Pedroni, Monica J. Haas, Brian J. Schatz, Michael C. Jones, Kristine M. Crabtree, Jonathan Forberger, Heather Nene, Vishvanath TI Comparative genomics of mutualistic viruses of Glyptapanteles parasitic wasps SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHELONUS-INANITUS POLYDNAVIRUS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; CAMPOLETIS-SONORENSIS; COTESIA-CONGREGATA; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ANALYSIS; INDIENSIS POLYDNAVIRUS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; SIGNAL PEPTIDES; DNA VIRUSES AB Background: Polydnaviruses, double-stranded DNA viruses with segmented genomes, have evolved as obligate endosymbionts of parasitoid wasps. Virus particles are replication deficient and produced by female wasps from proviral sequences integrated into the wasp genome. These particles are co-injected with eggs into caterpillar hosts, where viral gene expression facilitates parasitoid survival and, thereby, survival of proviral DNA. Here we characterize and compare the encapsidated viral genome sequences of bracoviruses in the family Polydnaviridae associated with Glyptapanteles gypsy moth parasitoids, along with near complete proviral sequences from which both viral genomes are derived. Results: The encapsidated Glyptapanteles indiensis and Glyptapanteles flavicoxis bracoviral genomes, each composed of 29 different size segments, total approximately 517 and 594 kbp, respectively. They are generated from a minimum of seven distinct loci in the wasp genome. Annotation of these sequences revealed numerous novel features for polydnaviruses, including insect-like sugar transporter genes and transposable elements. Evolutionary analyses suggest that positive selection is widespread among bracoviral genes. Conclusions: The structure and organization of G. indiensis and G. flavicoxis bracovirus proviral segments as multiple loci containing one to many viral segments, flanked and separated by wasp gene-encoding DNA, is confirmed. Rapid evolution of bracovirus genes supports the hypothesis of bracovirus genes in an 'arms race' between bracovirus and caterpillar. Phylogenetic analyses of the bracoviral genes encoding sugar transporters provides the first robust evidence of a wasp origin for some polydnavirus genes. We hypothesize transposable elements, such as those described here, could facilitate transfer of genes between proviral segments and host DNA. C1 [Gundersen-Rindal, Dawn E.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behavior Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fuester, Roger W.] USDA ARS, Beneficial Insect Intro Res Lab, Newark, DE 19713 USA. [Schatz, Michael C.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Nene, Vishvanath] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Genome Sci, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Nene, Vishvanath] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Desjardins, Christopher A.; Hostetler, Jessica B.; Tallon, Luke J.; Haas, Brian J.; Jones, Kristine M.; Crabtree, Jonathan; Forberger, Heather; Nene, Vishvanath] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Desjardins, CA (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Biol, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. EM cdesjar3@mail.rochester.edu OI Schatz, Michael/0000-0002-4118-4446 FU National Science Foundation [0413618]; United States Department of Agriculture [2004-35600-15032] FX We would like to thank Teresa Utterback, Tamara Feldblyum, and the staff at J Craig Venter Institute's Joint Technology Center for sequencing and viral library construction, and the JCVI IT department for general support. We would also like to thank Jessica Vamathevan and Mihai Pop for initial work on viral genome closure and analysis, Hean Koo and Jessica Chen for handling sequence submissions, Linda Hannick for help with gene family computation, and Daven Presgraves for advice on SNP analysis. Funding for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation (0413618) and United States Department of Agriculture (2004-35600-15032). NR 70 TC 54 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA CURRENT SCIENCE GROUP, MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 12 AR R183 DI 10.1186/gb-2008-9-12-r183 PG 17 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 403HQ UT WOS:000263074100022 PM 19116010 ER PT J AU Kim, H Hurwitz, B Yu, Y Collura, K Gill, N SanMiguel, P Mullikin, JC Maher, C Nelson, W Wissotski, M Braidotti, M Kudrna, D Goicoechea, JL Stein, L Ware, D Jackson, SA Soderlund, C Wing, RA AF Kim, HyeRan Hurwitz, Bonnie Yu, Yeisoo Collura, Kristi Gill, Navdeep SanMiguel, Phillip Mullikin, James C. Maher, Christopher Nelson, William Wissotski, Marina Braidotti, Michele Kudrna, David Goicoechea, Jose Luis Stein, Lincoln Ware, Doreen Jackson, Scott A. Soderlund, Carol Wing, Rod A. TI Construction, alignment and analysis of twelve framework physical maps that represent the ten genome types of the genus Oryza SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; RICE GENOMES; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTION; SIZE; IDENTIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; ANNOTATION; PHYLOGENY; RESOURCE AB We describe the establishment and analysis of a genus-wide comparative framework composed of 12 bacterial artificial chromosome fingerprint and end-sequenced physical maps representing the 10 genome types of Oryza aligned to the O. sativa ssp. japonica reference genome sequence. Over 932 Mb of end sequence was analyzed for repeats, simple sequence repeats, miRNA and single nucleotide variations, providing the most extensive analysis of Oryza sequence to date. C1 [Kim, HyeRan; Yu, Yeisoo; Collura, Kristi; Wissotski, Marina; Braidotti, Michele; Kudrna, David; Goicoechea, Jose Luis; Wing, Rod A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hurwitz, Bonnie; Stein, Lincoln; Ware, Doreen] Cold Spring Harbor Lab, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724 USA. [Gill, Navdeep] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [SanMiguel, Phillip] Purdue Univ, Dept Hort, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Mullikin, James C.] NHGRI, Genome Technol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Maher, Christopher] SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Biomed Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Nelson, William; Soderlund, Carol] Univ Arizona, Arizona Genom Computat Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Ware, Doreen] USDA ARS, NAA Plant, Soil & Nutr Lab, Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wing, RA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Arizona Genom Inst, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM rwing@ag.arizona.edu RI SanMiguel, Phillip/I-2196-2015; OI SanMiguel, Phillip/0000-0002-3742-9527; Wing, Rod/0000-0001-6633-6226 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 62 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 2 AR R45 DI 10.1186/gb-2008-9-2-r45 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 283TL UT WOS:000254659300027 PM 18304353 ER PT J AU Wang, SZ Lorenzen, MD Beeman, RW Brown, SJ AF Wang, Suzhi Lorenzen, Marce D. Beeman, Richard W. Brown, Susan J. TI Analysis of repetitive DNA distribution patterns in the Tribolium castaneum genome SO GENOME BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER GENOME; RED FLOUR BEETLE; TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENTS; SATELLITE DNA; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; MALARIA MOSQUITO; TANDEM REPEATS; HETEROCHROMATIN; SEQUENCES; IDENTIFICATION AB Background Insect genomes vary widely in size, due in part to a sometimes large and variable repetitive DNA component. Reassociation kinetics indicate that up to 42% of the genome of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum, is composed of repetitive sequences. Analysis of the abundance and distribution of repetitive DNA in the recently-sequenced genome of T. castaneum will contribute to our understanding of the structure and function of this genome. Results Using TandomRepeatFinder, TEpipe and RepeatScout we found that approximately 30% of the assembled Tribolium genome is composed of repetitive DNA. 17% of the repetitive DNA is found in tandem arrays and the remaining 83% is dispersed, including transposable elements, which in themselves constitute 5-6% of the genome. RepeatScout identified 31 highly repetitive DNA elements with repeat units longer than 100-bp, which constitute 7% of the assembled genome. 65% of these highly repetitive elements and 74% of transposable elements accumulate in regions representing 40% of the assembled and anchored genome. These regions are centrally clustered in the longest chromosome build and occur near one end of each of the remaining chromosome builds, similar to previously described blocks of pericentric heterochromatin. They also contain fewer genes with longer introns, and often correspond to regions of low recombination in the genetic map. Conclusion Almost 30% of the Tribolium genome assembly is composed of transposable elements and other types of repetitive DNA that accumulate in regions likely to represent the large blocks of pericentric heterochromatin in Tribolium chromosomes. C1 [Wang, Suzhi; Brown, Susan J.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Lorenzen, Marce D.; Beeman, Richard W.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Brown, SJ (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM sjbrown@ksu.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR016475, P20RR016475]; NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD029594, R01 HD029594-16] NR 44 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1474-760X J9 GENOME BIOL JI Genome Biol. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 3 AR R61 DI 10.1186/gb-2008-9-3-r61 PG 46 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 283TN UT WOS:000254659500015 PM 18366801 ER PT B AU Cheng, HH AF Cheng, Hans H. BE Gustafson, JP Taylor, J Stacey, G TI Integrating Genomics to understand the Marek's disease virus - Chicken host-pathogen interaction SO GENOMICS OF DISEASE SE STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIA SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Stadler Genetics Symposium CY OCT 02-04, 2006 CL Columbia, MO ID B-HAPLOTYPE INFLUENCE; GENETIC-RESISTANCE; GROWTH-HORMONE; AFFECTING SUSCEPTIBILITY; RELATIVE EFFICACY; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; CELL CULTURE; HERPESVIRUS; EXPRESSION; COMPLEX C1 USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Cheng, HH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Avian Dis & Oncol Lab, 3606 E Mt Hope Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-76722-2 J9 STADLER GEN PY 2008 BP 115 EP 126 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-76723-9_9 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA BHO75 UT WOS:000254891400009 ER PT B AU Leong, SA AF Leong, Sally A. BE Gustafson, JP Taylor, J Stacey, G TI The ins and outs of host recognition of Magnaporthe oryzae SO GENOMICS OF DISEASE SE STADLER GENETICS SYMPOSIA SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Stadler Genetics Symposium CY OCT 02-04, 2006 CL Columbia, MO ID RICE BLAST RESISTANCE; PLANT-DISEASE RESISTANCE; AVR1-CO39 AVIRULENCE GENE; BROME-MOSAIC-VIRUS; CONFERS RESISTANCE; PYRICULARIA-ORYZAE; NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING; PI-TA; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; GENOME ORGANIZATION C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA, ARS CCRU, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Leong, SA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA, ARS CCRU, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM saleong@wisc.edu NR 90 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-76722-2 J9 STADLER GEN PY 2008 BP 199 EP 216 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-76723-9_15 PG 18 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA BHO75 UT WOS:000254891400015 ER PT J AU Bunte, K Abt, SR Potyondy, JP Swingle, KW AF Bunte, Kristin Abt, Steven R. Potyondy, John P. Swingle, Kurt W. TI A comparison of coarse bedload transport measured with bedload traps and Helley-Smith samplers SO GEODINAMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Gravel-Bed Rivers Conference CY SEP, 2005 CL Tirol, AUSTRIA DE gravel bedload transport; bedload sampling; bedload traps; Helley-Smith sampler; flow competence ID BED-LOAD TRANSPORT; EAST FORK RIVER; SEDIMENT-TRANSPORT; GRAVEL; STREAMS; RATES; VARIABILITY; SIZE AB Gravel bedload transport rates were measured at eight study sites in coarse-bedded Rocky Mountain streams using 4-6 bedload traps deployed across the stream width and a 76 by 76 mm opening Helley Smith sampler. Transport rates obtained from bedload traps increased steeply with flow which resulted in steep and well-defined transport rating curves with exponents of 8 to 16. Gravel transport rates measured by the Helley-Smith sampler started with much higher transport rates during low flows and increased less steeply, thus fitted bedload rating curves were less steep with exponents of 2 to 4. Transport rates measured with both samplers approached similar results near or above bankfull flow, but at 50 % of bankfull, transport rates from the bedload traps were 2-4 orders of magnitude lower than those obtained from the Helley-Smith sampler. The maximum bedload particle sizes also differed between the two samplers. They were smaller in the bedload traps than the Helley-Smith sampler at low flows, while at higher flows bedload traps collected larger particles than the Helley-Smith sampler. Differences in sampler opening size and sampling time contribute to the measured differences, but the biggest effect is likely attributable to the bedload traps being mounted on ground plates thus avoiding direct contact between the sampler and the bed and preventing involuntary particle pick up. (C) 2008 Lavoisier SAS. All rights reserved. C1 [Bunte, Kristin; Abt, Steven R.] Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Potyondy, John P.] US Forest Serv, Stream Syst Technol Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Bunte, K (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Engn Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM kbunte@engr.colostate.edu RI Segura, Catalina/O-1379-2013 NR 82 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 22 PU LAVOISIER PI CACHAN PA 14, RUE DE PROVIGNY, 94236 CACHAN, FRANCE SN 0985-3111 J9 GEODIN ACTA JI Geodin. Acta PD JAN-APR PY 2008 VL 21 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 66 DI 10.3166/ga.21.53-66 PG 14 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 310KI UT WOS:000256527400006 ER PT S AU Huang, YB Lan, YB Westbrook, JK Hoffmann, WC AF Huang, Yanbo Lan, Yubin Westbrook, John K. Hoffmann, Wesley C. BE Zui, DS TI Remote Sensing and GIS Applications for Precision Area-Wide Pest Management: Implications for Homeland Security SO GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGIES AND HOMELAND SECURITY: RESEARCH FRONTIERS AND FUTURE CHALLENGES SE Geojournal Library LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Area-wide pest management; geographic information systems; GPS; remote sensing; variable rate technology AB Area-wide pest management essentially represents coordinated adoption of integrated pest management to conduct preventive suppression of a pest species throughout its geographic distribution. Scientists and researchers in area-wide pest management programs have been developing, integrating, and evaluating multiple strategies and technologies into a systems approach for management of field and crop insect pests. Remote sensing, Global Positioning Systems, geographic information systems, and variable rate technology are additional tools that scientists can implement to help farmers maximize the economic and environmental benefits of area-wide pest management through precision agriculture. Precision area-wide pest management systems were originally developed to reduce the country's daily risk of natural pest introductions. Now the systems are being developed to reduce the daily risk the country faces of pest introductions, both natural and intentional. Aerial application under precision area-wide pest management strategy is one of the most feasible methods to quickly limit the threat of area-wide pest infestations, which increased after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. C1 [Huang, Yanbo; Lan, Yubin] ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Grp, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. RP Huang, YB (reprint author), ARS, Aerial Applicat Technol Grp, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-5499 BN 978-1-4020-8507-9 J9 GEOJOURNAL LIB PY 2008 VL 94 BP 241 EP 255 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8507-9_12 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-8507-9 PG 15 WC Geography; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BLL09 UT WOS:000270424600013 ER PT J AU Weber, KT Seefeldt, SS Norton, JM Finley, C AF Weber, Keith T. Seefeldt, Steven S. Norton, Jill M. Finley, Charles TI Fire severity modeling of sagebrush-steppe rangelands in southeastern Idaho SO GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; NORMALIZED BURN RATIO; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; CLASSIFICATION; IMAGERY; ETM+ AB The potential for high-severity fires to affect changes in rangelands is considerable, and for this reason, assessing fire severity is critical. We explored fire severity modeling in rangelands by applying post-fire field observations to Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre 5 (SPOT 5) imagery using Classification Tree Analysis (CTA) techniques at two 2005 bums. The results of these analyses demonstrate that CTA is equally adept at classifying areas of low severity as well as those with high severity with reliable accuracy (66-100%). Furthermore, the CTA technique is fairly uncomplicated to apply and provides an error assessment upon which land managers can better justify their recommendations. C1 [Weber, Keith T.] Idaho State Univ, GIS Ctr, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Seefeldt, Steven S.] Univ Alaska, USDA, ARS, SubArct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Norton, Jill M.] Blaine Cty Idaho, Hailey, ID 83333 USA. RP Weber, KT (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, GIS Ctr, 921 S 8th Ave,Stop 8104, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. EM webekeit@isu.edu NR 57 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU BELLWETHER PUBL LTD PI COLUMBIA PA 8640 GUILFORD RD, STE 200, COLUMBIA, MD 21046 USA SN 1548-1603 J9 GISCI REMOTE SENS JI GISci. Remote Sens. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1 BP 68 EP 82 DI 10.2747/1548-1603.45.1.68 PG 15 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 270EI UT WOS:000253702700004 ER PT J AU Reid, CD Fiscus, EL AF Reid, Chantal D. Fiscus, Edwin L. TI Ozone and density affect the response of biomass and seed yield to elevated CO2 in rice SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE competition model; CO(2)x O-3 interaction; density; nutrients; Oryza sativa; resource use ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; PLANT-GROWTH; REPRODUCTIVE ALLOCATION; NITROGEN UPTAKE; SPRING WHEAT; GRAIN-YIELD; O-3 DAMAGE; CROP YIELD; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ENRICHMENT AB Tropospheric O-3 reduces growth and yield of many crop species, whereas CO2 ameliorates the negative effects of O-3. Thus, in a combined elevated CO2 and O-3 atmosphere, seed yield is at least restored to that of charcoal-filtered (CF) air at ambient CO2. The CO2-induced yield increase in CF air is highly variable, suggesting other potential resource limitations. To understand such variability in response, we tested that (1) competition for resources precludes some of the CO2 enhancement on biomass and yield; and (2) O-3 reduces competition in elevated CO2. We grew rice (Oryza sativa L.) at five densities in CF and O-3-fumigated (+O3) air at ambient (A) and elevated [CO2] (+CO2) in 1997 and 1998. O-3 reduced biomass by 25% and seed yield by 13-20% in A, but had little effect in +CO2. A competition model of biomass and yield response to density based on resource availability without competition showed that fewer resources were used for biomass in +O3 than in CF (average 53% vs. 70%) in A, while in +CO2 85% of resources were used for biomass regardless of O-3 suggesting greater depletion of resources. The enhanced biomass response to CO2 with O-3 is consistent with a 22% greater CO2 enhancement ratio [mass in +CO2 air/mass in A air; enhancement ratio (ER)] in +O3 than in CF air. For seed yield, few resources were used (average 17% and 25% for CF in 1997 and 1998, respectively), and ER was 13% greater in +O3. With competition the rate of change of individual plant biomass to density was not affected by +CO2 in CF air in 1997 but was increased 19% with more nutrients in 1998, indicating resource limitations with +CO2. The rate of change of individual plant yield to density was reduced with CO2 in 1997 and unchanged in 1998 showing a different response to resource limitation for reproductive biomass. The resource use in +O3-A suggested that increased density and soil fertility might compensate for pollutant damage. Although ambient [O-3] can modulate the response to elevated CO2, resource limitation precludes the CO2 fertilization impact and both factors need consideration for better management and forecasts of future productivity. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USDA, ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP Reid, CD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biol, POB 90338, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM chantal@duke.edu NR 81 TC 14 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 23 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 1 BP 60 EP 76 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01472.x PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 237ZE UT WOS:000251415000006 ER PT J AU Fissore, C Giardina, CP Kolka, RK Trettin, CC King, GM Jurgensen, MF Barton, CD Mcdowell, SD AF Fissore, Cinzia Giardina, Christian P. Kolka, Randall K. Trettin, Carl C. King, Gary M. Jurgensen, Martin F. Barton, Christopher D. Mcdowell, S. Douglas TI Temperature and vegetation effects on soil organic carbon quality along a forested mean annual temperature gradient in North America SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE global warming; labile SOC; mean annual temperature; Q(10); stable SOC; temperate forests; tree species composition ID LITTER DECOMPOSITION; MATTER DYNAMICS; MINERAL CONTROL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CLAY-MINERALS; PLANT LITTER; ELEVATED CO2; NITROGEN; TURNOVER; STORAGE AB Both climate and plant species are hypothesized to influence soil organic carbon (SOC) quality, but accurate prediction of how SOC process rates respond to global change will require an improved understanding of how SOC quality varies with mean annual temperature (MAT) and forest type. We investigated SOC quality in paired hardwood and pine stands growing in coarse textured soils located along a 22 degrees C gradient in MAT. To do this, we conducted 80-day incubation experiments at 10 and 30 degrees C to quantify SOC decomposition rates, which we used to kinetically define SOC quality. We used these experiments to test the hypotheses that SOC quality decreases with MAT, and that SOC quality is higher under pine than hardwood tree species. We found that both SOC quantity and quality decreased with increasing MAT. During the 30 degrees C incubation, temperature sensitivity (Q(10)) values were strongly and positively related to SOC decomposition rates, indicating that substrate supply can influence temperature responsiveness of SOC decomposition rates. For a limited number of dates, Q(10) was negatively related to MAT. Soil chemical properties could not explain observed patterns in soil quality. Soil pH and cation exchange capacity (CEC) both declined with increasing MAT, and soil C quality was positively related to pH but negatively related to CEC. Clay mineralogy of soils also could not explain patterns of SOC quality as complex (2 : 1), high CEC clay minerals occurred in cold climate soils while warm climate soils were dominated by simpler (1 : 1), low CEC clay minerals. While hardwood sites contained more SOC than pine sites, with differences declining with MAT, clay content was also higher in hardwood soils. In contrast, there was no difference in SOC quality between pine and hardwood soils. Overall, these findings indicate that SOC quantity and quality may both decrease in response to global warming, despite long-term changes in soil chemistry and mineralogy that favor decomposition. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. USDA, Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Forestry, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Fissore, C (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM fisso001@umn.edu RI Giardina, Christian/C-3120-2011 OI Giardina, Christian/0000-0002-3431-5073 NR 68 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 4 U2 54 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 14 IS 1 BP 193 EP 205 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01478.x PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 237ZE UT WOS:000251415000015 ER PT J AU Caprio, MA Storer, NP Sisterson, MS Peck, SL Maia, AHN AF Caprio, M. A. Storer, N. P. Sisterson, M. S. Peck, S. L. Maia, A. H. N. BE Whalon, ME MotaSanchez, D Hollingworth, RM TI Assessing the Risk of the Evolution of Resistance to Pesticides Using Spatially Complex Simulation Models SO GLOBAL PESTICIDE RESISTANCE IN ARTHROPODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; CORN-ROOTWORM COLEOPTERA; COMBINING PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTIONS; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; HELICOVERPA-ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS; BT TRANSGENIC CORN; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; SEED MIXTURES; NATURAL ENEMIES C1 [Caprio, M. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Storer, N. P.] Dow AgroSci LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. [Sisterson, M. S.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Peck, S. L.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Maia, A. H. N.] Embrapa Meio Ambiente, Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil. RP Caprio, MA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. NR 78 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-353-1 PY 2008 BP 90 EP 117 DI 10.1079/9781845933531.0090 D2 10.1079/9781845933531.0000 PG 28 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BVY67 UT WOS:000293167100005 ER PT J AU Andow, DA Fitt, GP Grafius, EJ Jackson, RE Radcliffe, EB Ragsdale, DW Rossiter, L AF Andow, D. A. Fitt, G. P. Grafius, E. J. Jackson, R. E. Radcliffe, E. B. Ragsdale, D. W. Rossiter, L. BE Whalon, ME MotaSanchez, D Hollingworth, RM TI Pesticide and Transgenic Plant Resistance Management in the Field SO GLOBAL PESTICIDE RESISTANCE IN ARTHROPODS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COLORADO POTATO BEETLE; PEACH APHID HOMOPTERA; EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS TOXINS; EASTERN NORTH-CAROLINA; PINK-BOLLWORM; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE; HELICOVERPA-ZEA; MYZUS-PERSICAE C1 [Andow, D. A.; Radcliffe, E. B.; Ragsdale, D. W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Fitt, G. P.] CSIRO, Long Pocket Labs, Indooroopilly, Qld 4068, Australia. [Grafius, E. J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Entomol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Jackson, R. E.] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Rossiter, L.] Australian Cotton Res Inst, NSW Dept Primary Ind, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia. RP Andow, DA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, 219 Hodson Hall,1980 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RI Fitt, Gary/C-5457-2008 NR 107 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-353-1 PY 2008 BP 118 EP 145 DI 10.1079/9781845933531.0118 D2 10.1079/9781845933531.0000 PG 28 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BVY67 UT WOS:000293167100006 ER PT J AU Schober, TJ Bean, SR AF Schober, T. J. Bean, S. R. BE Arendt, EK DalBello, F TI Sorghum and maize SO GLUTEN-FREE CEREAL PRODUCTS AND BEVERAGES SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GRAIN HARDNESS; COOKING CHARACTERISTICS; PROPOSED NOMENCLATURE; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; PEARL-MILLET; ZEA-MAYS; CORN; ENDOSPERM; QUALITY; PROTEINS C1 [Schober, T. J.; Bean, S. R.] ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Schober, TJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 77 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055776-2 J9 FOOD SCI TECHNOL-INT PY 2008 BP 101 EP 118 DI 10.1016/B978-012373739-7.50007-1 PG 18 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BCP42 UT WOS:000310959000006 ER PT S AU Ryan, SE Dixon, MK AF Ryan, Sandra E. Dixon, Mark K. BE Habersack, H Piegay, H Rinaldi, M TI Spatial and temporal variability in stream sediment loads using examples from the Gros Ventre Range, Wyoming, USA SO GRAVEL-BED RIVERS VI: FROM PROCESS UNDERSTANDING TO RIVER RESTORATION SE Developments in Earth Surface Processes LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FORMED STRAIGHT RIVERS; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; EQUILIBRIUM BANKS; MOBILE BED; CATCHMENT; YIELD; STEEP AB Sediment transport rates (dissolved, suspended, and bedload) measured over the course of several years are reported for two streams in the Gros Ventre Mountain range in western Wyoming, USA: Little Granite and Cache Creeks. Both streams drain watersheds that are in relatively pristine environments. The sites are about 20km apart, have runoff dominated by snowmelt and are underlain by a similar geological setting, suggesting that sediment supply and rates of transport in the two watersheds may be comparable. Yet, estimated sediment yields for the two sites appear substantially different. On average, sediment load per unit watershed area was about 40% greater at Little Granite Creek than Cache Creek, with larger differences during wetter years. Moreover, while there were differences for all components of the sediment load, suspended, and bedload fractions showed the most noteworthy contrast where nearly three times more material was exported from Little Granite Creek on an annual basis. Speculatively, this is attributed to contributions of sediment from several chronic sources in the Little Granite Creek watershed. Similar to other studies of sediment transport in gravel-bed streams, the range of measured bedload and suspended sediment in this study were quite variable. An assessment of annual differences in the 13 years of bedload record for Little Granite Creek indicated that variability could not be ascribed to between-year differences. Instead, the data appear to represent the same population of highly variable transport rates. However, the inability to distinguish between years could be due to the infrequency with which data were collected each year. Seasonal variability was evident in the suspended sediment record of Little Granite Creek where there were higher rates on the rising limb of the snowmelt hydrograph, indicative of a flushing of sediment with the onset of snowmelt. Baseline data on rates of sediment transport provide useful information on the inherent variability of stream processes and may be used to assess departure due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. In August 2000, wildfire burned portions of the Little Granite Creek watershed, presenting an opportunity to quantify increases in sediment loads associated with large-scale disturbance. The results of 3 years of post-fire monitoring showed substantial increases in suspended sediment transport on the rising limb of the snowmelt hydrograph and during several summer thunderstorms. Suspended sediment yields calculated for the post-fire years were higher for the first year and have decreased over time, indicating a return to baseline levels within a few years following the wildfire. In contrast, there were no detectable increases in the rate of bedload transport over the pre-burn values suggesting differences in the rapidity with which the two sediment components respond to disturbance. C1 [Ryan, Sandra E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dixon, Mark K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fraser, MI USA. RP Ryan, SE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM sryanburkett@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-2025 BN 978-0-08-055359-7 J9 DEV EARTH S PY 2008 VL 11 BP 387 EP 407 DI 10.1016/S0928-2025(07)11134-2 PG 21 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Physical Geography; Geology; Water Resources GA BCQ84 UT WOS:000311042600016 ER PT S AU Lisle, TE AF Lisle, Thomas E. BE Habersack, H Piegay, H Rinaldi, M TI The evolution of sediment waves influenced by varying transport capacity in heterogeneous rivers SO GRAVEL-BED RIVERS VI: FROM PROCESS UNDERSTANDING TO RIVER RESTORATION SE Developments in Earth Surface Processes LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BED MATERIAL WAVES; MIXED-SIZE SEDIMENT; BEDLOAD TRANSPORT; ALLUVIAL CHANNEL; MOUNTAIN RIVERS; LOAD TRANSPORT; SURFACE-LAYER; DAM REMOVAL; MODEL; STREAM AB Large sediment inputs can cause pronounced variations in sediment storage and flux in a drainage network and lead to deformation of alluvial forms and impacts on river resources. Recent research has attempted to isolate this problem by focusing on the evolution of individual sediment waves created by large point inputs. New one-dimensional models can predict streamwise variation of sediment transport and deposition for engineering problems such as the fate of sediment released from decommissioned dams. Model predictions and supporting evidence from experiments and field studies indicate that dispersion has a strong influence on wave evolution in gravel-bed channels. However, significant translation can occur where the input material is substantially finer than the ambient bed material, and streamwise variations in channel morphology common to many natural channels can imprint reach-scale variations in storage otherwise absent in uniform channels. Three-dimensional patterns of erosion and deposition associated with sediment waves pose important unsolved problems for the dynamics of alluvial forms and the effects on aquatic and riparian ecosystems. Transport capacity mediates transfer and storage of sediment in channels responding to sediment disturbances. Over time scales of cycles of aggradation and degradation that are associated with sediment waves, transport capacity can be expected to vary with changes in channel morphology and bed texture. Degrading sediment reservoirs commonly exhibit a positive relation between sediment transfer rate and storage. However, results from a recent flume experiment indicate that transport-storage relations during cycles of aggradation and degradation may not be constant, but vary due to lags in input and downstream transfer of sediment in a reservoir and changes in mobility between aggrading and degrading states. Filling of storage may contribute indirectly to increased transfer rates, but over short spatiotemporal scales, transfer rates appear to be more directly influenced by local sediment supply within the immediate channel. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA USA. RP Lisle, TE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Arcata, CA USA. EM tel7001@axe.humboldt.edu NR 97 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0928-2025 BN 978-0-08-055359-7; 978-0-44-452861-2 J9 DEV EARTH S PY 2008 VL 11 BP 443 EP 472 DI 10.1016/S0928-2025(07)11136-6 PG 30 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Physical Geography; Geology; Water Resources GA BCQ84 UT WOS:000311042600018 ER PT J AU Biswas, A Sharma, BK Willett, JL Erhan, SZ Cheng, HN AF Biswas, Atanu Sharma, Brajendra K. Willett, J. L. Erhan, S. Z. Cheng, H. N. TI Room-temperature self-curing ene reactions involving soybean oil SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article AB A mixture of soybean oil with diethyl azodicarboxylate exhibits a remarkable self-curing and thickening behavior at room temperature due to the occurrence of crosslinking ene reactions. The kinetics and the reaction mechanisms have been studied with the help of model compounds, (1)H and (13)C NMR, and size exclusion chromatography. The reactions are found to be most facile with linolenate, followed by linoleate, and least with oleate. The product from this reaction may be used as an environmentally friendly self-curing agent in appropriate applications. C1 [Biswas, Atanu; Willett, J. L.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymers Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, Brajendra K.; Erhan, S. Z.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sharma, Brajendra K.] Penn State Univ, Dept Chem Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cheng, H. N.] Hercules Inc, Res Ctr, Wilmington, DE 19808 USA. RP Biswas, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Plant Polymers Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2008 VL 10 IS 3 BP 290 EP 295 DI 10.1039/b712385j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 270WR UT WOS:000253751400008 ER PT J AU Doll, KM Erhan, SZ AF Doll, Kenneth M. Erhan, Sevim Z. TI Synthesis of cyclic acetals (ketals) from oleochemicals using a solvent free method SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PROPERTIES; ALPHA-HYDROXY ETHERS; GREEN CHEMISTRY; CLEAVABLE SURFACTANTS; VEGETABLE-OIL; ESTERS; ACID; OLEATE; OXIDATION; SERIES AB The reaction selectivities of acid catalyzed ring opening reactions of epoxidized methyl oleate (methyl 9,10-epoxy stearate; EMO), to form either ketal (acetal) or branched ester products have been studied. We have produced methyl 9-(2-butyl-2-methyl-5-octyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl) nonanoate ( hexanone methyl stearate acetal, HMSA), an oleochemically based ketal ( acetal), in 83% isolated yield; from epoxidized methyl oleate and 2-hexanone. Utilizing our reaction chemistry, we have also been able to demonstrate the relative selectivities, in competitive experiments, by reacting EMO with 2-pentanone and octanoic acid. Finally, by controlling temperature and acid concentration, we were able to control the product distribution of the reaction of EMO with the bi-functional levulinic acid. Either the ketal (acetal), or the branched ester product could be favored. This research may help lead to the formation of new hydrophobic molecules for the synthesis of new surfactants from oleochemicals. C1 [Doll, Kenneth M.; Erhan, Sevim Z.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Doll, KM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Food & Ind Oil Res Unit, A1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Kenneth.Doll@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2008 VL 10 IS 6 BP 712 EP 717 DI 10.1039/b803513j PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 308KK UT WOS:000256388600020 ER PT J AU Walse, SS Alborn, HT Teal, PEA AF Walse, Spencer S. Alborn, Hans T. Teal, Peter E. A. TI Environmentally regulated abiotic release of volatile pheromones from the sugar-based oral secretions of caribflies SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LETTERS AND REVIEWS LA English DT Article DE controlled release; pheromones; tephritid fruit flies; environmental processing; gamma-lactones AB We report an abiotic mechanism for the emission of volatile insect pheromones that is controlled by environmentally induced change in the physicochemical properties of the sugar-based release matrix. Male Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) (caribflies) mark mating sites on leaf surfaces by depositing oral secretions that contain sugar, as well as, gamma-hydroxy acid and gamma-lactone forms of the diastereomeric aggregation pheromones, epianastrephin and anastrephin. The gamma-hydroxy acids extend emission over many days via aqueous equilibrium with the thermodynamically less preferred, but more volatile, gamma-lactones (similar to 100:1). A kinetic model, which supports a gamma-lactone diffusion-limited rate, was generated and tested by measuring the effect of temperature and humidity under fixed and ambient atmospheric inputs, respectively. Results show that pheromone release from the markings occurs with a periodicity that parallels relative humidity and complements the daily pattern of the caribflies' reproductive and aggregative activity. This study provides an example of a physicochemical-based inter-organism communication strategy that has been mechanistically linked to the abiotic environmental processing of volatile chemical signals. The exploitation of this natural connectivity will spur environmentally sustainable chemistries, particularly pheromone-based alternatives to insecticide application. C1 [Walse, Spencer S.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Walse, Spencer S.; Alborn, Hans T.; Teal, Peter E. A.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32604 USA. RP Walse, SS (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM spencer.walse@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture FX The United States Department of Agriculture financed this work. The colorimetric sugar assay was done by Dr. Sherry LeClere (USDA-ARS-CMAVE). We extend gratitude to James H. Tumlinson III (Pennsylvania State University and USDA-ARS-CMAVE) for his input on this research. NR 59 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1751-8253 J9 GREEN CHEM LETT REV JI Green Chem. Lett. Rev. PY 2008 VL 1 IS 4 BP 205 EP 217 DI 10.1080/17518250902758895 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V18HO UT WOS:000207996100003 ER PT B AU Allred, BJ Ehsani, MR Daniels, JJ AF Allred, Barry J. Ehsani, M. Reza Daniels, Jeffrey J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI General Considerations for Geophysical Methods Applied to Agriculture SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; WATER-CONTENT; RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; MOISTURE CONTENT; DRAINAGE PIPES; SALINITY; RESISTIVITY C1 [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Allred, Barry J.; Ehsani, M. Reza] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 3 EP 16 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600001 ER PT B AU Corwin, DL AF Corwin, Dennis L. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Past, Present, and Future Trends of Soil Electrical Conductivity Measurement Using Geophysical Methods SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; GROUND-PENETRATING RADAR; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; WATER CONTENT MEASUREMENT; SITE-SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; DEPTH RELATIONS; LABORATORY CALIBRATION; PRECISION AGRICULTURE C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 4500 Glenwood Dr, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. NR 196 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 17 EP 44 PG 28 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600002 ER PT B AU Corwin, DL Lesch, SM Farahani, HJ AF Corwin, Dennis L. Lesch, Scott M. Farahani, Hamid J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Theoretical Insight on the Measurement of Soil Electrical Conductivity SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION MEASUREMENTS; TIME-DOMAIN REFLECTOMETRY; MULTIPLE LINEAR-REGRESSION; SITE-SPECIFIC MANAGEMENT; WATER-CONTENT; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; DEPTH RELATIONS; IRRIGATED SANDY; SALINITY; FIELD C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Farahani, Hamid J.] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 4500 Glenwood Dr, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. NR 139 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 59 EP 83 PG 25 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600004 ER PT B AU Allred, BJ Groom, D Ehsani, MR Daniels, JJ AF Allred, Barry J. Groom, Douglas Ehsani, M. Reza Daniels, Jeffrey J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Resistivity Methods SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION; SALINITY C1 [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Allred, Barry J.; Ehsani, M. Reza] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Groom, Douglas] Geometric Inc, GeoElect Sales, San Jose, CA USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 85 EP 108 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600005 ER PT B AU Daniels, JJ Vendl, M Ehsani, MR Allred, BJ AF Daniels, Jeffrey J. Vendl, Mark Ehsani, M. Reza Allred, Barry J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Electromagnetic Induction Methods SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza; Allred, Barry J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Vendl, Mark] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA. RP Daniels, JJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 109 EP 128 PG 20 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600006 ER PT B AU Daniels, J Ehsani, MR Allred, BJ AF Daniels, Jeffrey Ehsani, M. Reza Allred, Barry J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Ground-Penetrating Radar Methods (GPR) SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Daniels, Jeffrey] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza; Allred, Barry J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. RP Daniels, J (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 129 EP 145 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600007 ER PT B AU Allred, BJ Rogers, M Ehsani, MR Daniels, JJ AF Allred, Barry J. Rogers, Michael Ehsani, M. Reza Daniels, Jeffrey J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Magnetometry, Self-Potential, and Seismic Additional Geophysical Methods Having Potentially Significant Future Use in Agriculture SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DRAINAGE PIPES; SOILS C1 [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Allred, Barry J.; Ehsani, M. Reza] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Ehsani, M. Reza] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Rogers, Michael] Ithaca Coll, Dept Phys, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 147 EP 162 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600008 ER PT B AU Wienhold, BJ Doran, JW AF Wienhold, Brian J. Doran, John W. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Apparent Electrical Conductivity for Delineating Spatial Variability in Soil Properties SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MANAGEMENT ZONES; CROP C1 [Wienhold, Brian J.; Doran, John W.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Wienhold, BJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 211 EP 215 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600011 ER PT B AU Jaynes, DB AF Jaynes, Dan B. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Mapping Pesticide Partition Coefficients By Electromagnetic Induction SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; ATRAZINE SORPTION; FIELD-SCALE; ADSORPTION; RECHARGE; QUALITY; SOILS C1 USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Jaynes, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2150 Pammel Dr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 233 EP 240 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600014 ER PT B AU Shaner, DL Farahani, HJ Buchleiter, GW Brodahl, MK AF Shaner, Dale L. Farahani, Hamid J. Buchleiter, Gerald W. Brodahl, Mary K. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Can Apparent Soil Electrical Conductivity Be Used to Map Soil-Herbicide Partition Coefficients? A Case Study in Three Colorado Fields SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SPATIAL VARIABILITY; EFFICACY C1 [Shaner, Dale L.; Buchleiter, Gerald W.; Brodahl, Mary K.] USDA ARS, Water Management Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Farahani, Hamid J.] Int Ctr Agr Res Dry Areas, Aleppo, Syria. RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Water Management Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600015 ER PT B AU Corwin, DL Lesch, SM Shouse, PJ Soppe, R Ayars, JE AF Corwin, Dennis L. Lesch, Scott M. Shouse, Peter J. Soppe, Richard Ayars, James E. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Delineating Site-Specific Management Units Using Geospatial EC(a) Measurements SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; AGRICULTURE C1 [Corwin, Dennis L.] USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. [Lesch, Scott M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Shouse, Peter J.] USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. [Soppe, Richard] Wageningen UR, Wageningen, Netherlands. [Ayars, James E.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Lab, Parlier, CA USA. RP Corwin, DL (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, 4500 Glenwood Dr, Riverside, CA 92501 USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 247 EP 254 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600016 ER PT B AU Johnson, CK Drijber, RA Wienhold, BJ Doran, JW AF Johnson, Cinthia K. Drijber, Rhae A. Wienhold, Brian J. Doran, John W. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Productivity Zones Based on Bulk Soil Electrical Conductivity Applications for Dryland Agriculture and Research SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SYSTEMS; YIELD C1 [Drijber, Rhae A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE USA. [Wienhold, Brian J.; Doran, John W.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Agroecosyst Management Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 263 EP 272 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600018 ER PT B AU Eigenberg, RA Nienaber, JA Woodbury, BL Ferguson, RB AF Eigenberg, Roger A. Nienaber, John A. Woodbury, Bryan L. Ferguson, Richard B. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Four-Year Summary of the Use of Soil Conductivity as a Measure of Soil and Crop Status SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Eigenberg, Roger A.; Nienaber, John A.; Woodbury, Bryan L.] USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. [Ferguson, Richard B.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Eigenberg, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 273 EP 280 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600019 ER PT B AU Boniak, R Chong, SK Indorante, SJ Doolittle, JA AF Boniak, R. Chong, S. -K. Indorante, S. J. Doolittle, J. A. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI An Application of Ground-Penetrating Radar in Golf Course Management SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOIL C1 [Boniak, R.; Chong, S. -K.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Doolittle, J. A.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA USA. [Indorante, S. J.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Carbondale, IL USA. RP Boniak, R (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 345 EP 352 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600027 ER PT B AU Allred, BJ McCoy, EL Redman, JD AF Allred, Barry J. McCoy, Edward L. Redman, J. David BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Ground-Penetrating Radar Investigation of a Golf Course Green Computer Processing and Field Survey Setup Considerations SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Allred, Barry J.] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Allred, Barry J.] ConocoPhillips Inc, Houston, TX USA. [McCoy, Edward L.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Redman, J. David] Sensors & Software Inc, Mississauga, ON, Canada. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 353 EP 362 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600028 ER PT B AU Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ AF Allred, Barry J. Daniels, Jeffrey J. BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Agricultural Drainage Pipe Detection Using Ground-Penetrating Radar SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. [Allred, Barry J.] Ohio State Univ, Food Agr & Biol Engn Dept, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Allred, Barry J.] ConocoPhillips Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Allred, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 363 EP 374 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600029 ER PT B AU Butnor, JR Stover, DB Roth, BE Johnsen, KH Day, FP McInnis, D AF Butnor, John R. Stover, Daniel B. Roth, Brian E. Johnsen, Kurt H. Day, Frank P. McInnis, Daniel BE Allred, BJ Daniels, JJ Ehsani, MR TI Using Ground-Penetrating Radar to Estimate Tree Root Mass Comparing Results from Two Florida Surveys SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOMASS; SYSTEMS C1 [Butnor, John R.; Johnsen, Kurt H.; McInnis, Daniel] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Stover, Daniel B.] Univ Florida, Dept Marine & Ecol Sci, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL USA. [Roth, Brian E.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Day, Frank P.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. RP Butnor, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3728-4 J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV PY 2008 BP 375 EP 382 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA BKI52 UT WOS:000268213600030 ER PT S AU Johnston, CA Dalton, WT AF Johnston, Craig A. Dalton, William T., III BE Jelalian, E Steele, RG TI Application of Empirically Supported Treatments to Clinical Settings SO HANDBOOK OF CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENT OBESITY SE Issues in Clinical Child Psychology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FAMILY-BASED TREATMENT; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; WEIGHT-LOSS; CHILDHOOD OBESITY; PEDIATRIC OBESITY; FOLLOW-UP; BEHAVIOR-MODIFICATION; TREATMENT PROGRAM; LOW-INCOME; CHILDREN C1 [Johnston, Craig A.; Dalton, William T., III] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Johnston, CA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1574-0471 BN 978-0-387-76922-6 J9 ISSUES CLIN CHILD PS PY 2008 BP 445 EP 460 PG 16 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics; Psychology SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA BJX50 UT WOS:000267357900026 ER PT J AU Rabin, BM Joseph, JA Shukitt-Hale, B AF Rabin, Bernard M. Joseph, James A. Shukitt-Hale, Barbara BE Arora, R TI Effects of Berry Fruits on Neurocognitive Deficits Produced by Exposure to Space Radiation SO HERBAL RADIOMODULATORS: APPLICATIONS IN MEDICINE, HOMELAND DEFENCE AND SPACE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HEAVY-PARTICLE IRRADIATION; ELEVATED-PLUS-MAZE; NEURONAL SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; GALACTIC COSMIC-RAYS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FE-56 PARTICLES; FREE-RADICALS; BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION C1 [Rabin, Bernard M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Joseph, James A.; Shukitt-Hale, Barbara] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA ARS, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rabin, BM (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-395-1 PY 2008 BP 151 EP 161 DI 10.1079/9781845933951.0151 D2 10.1079/9781845933951.0000 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Nuclear Science & Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BWQ34 UT WOS:000294465600015 ER PT J AU Xing, C Wang, SQ Pharr, GM Groom, LH AF Xing, Cheng Wang, Siqun Pharr, George M. Groom, Leslie H. TI Effect off thermo-mechanical reffering pressure on the properties of wood fibers as measured by nanindentation and atomic force microscopy SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy (AFM); nanoindentation; nano-mechanical properties; refined fiber; thermomechanical refining ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LOBLOLLY-PINE; CELL-WALLS; NANOINDENTATION; HARDNESS; DENSITY; PERFORMANCE; MODULUS AB Refined wood fibers of a 54-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) mature wood were investigated by nanoindentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The effect of steam pressure, in the range of 2-18 bar, during thermomechanical refining was investigated and the nanomechanical properties and nano- or micro-level damages of the cell wall were evaluated. The results indicate that refining pressure has important effects on the physical and mechanical properties of refined fibers. No obvious damage was observed in the cell walls at pressures between 2 and 4 bar. Nano-cracks (most less than 500 nm in width) were found in fibers at pressures in the range of 6-12 bar, and micro-cracks (more than 5 mu m in width) were found in fibers subjected to pressures of 14 and 18 ban The damages caused at higher pressures were more severe in layers close to the lumen than on the fiber surfaces. Under special circumstances, the S, layer was heavily damaged. The natural shape of the cross sectional dimensions of the cell walls was not changed at lower pressures (2 and 4 bar), but, as pressure was increased, the fibers tended to collapse. At pressures around 18 bar, the lumina were augmented again. The nano-mechanical properties in terms of elastic modulus and hardness were obviously decreased, while nanoindentation creep increased with refining pressure. C1 [Xing, Cheng; Wang, Siqun] Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Pharr, George M.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci, Knoxville, TN USA. [Pharr, George M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Met & Ceram, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Groom, Leslie H.] USDA, So Res Stn, Forest Serv, Pineville, LA USA. RP Wang, SQ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Tennessee Forest Prod Ctr, 2506 Jacob Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM swang@utk.edu RI Xing, Cheng/N-3516-2013 OI Xing, Cheng/0000-0002-8263-8889 NR 26 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 8 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2008 VL 62 IS 2 BP 230 EP 236 DI 10.1515/HF.2008.050 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 272IN UT WOS:000253853200017 ER PT J AU Przewloka, SR Crawford, DM Rammer, DR Buckner, DL Woodward, BM Li, G Nicholas, DD AF Przewloka, Simon R. Crawford, Douglas M. Rammer, Douglas R. Buckner, Donald L. Woodward, Bessie M. Li, Gan Nicholas, Darrel D. TI Assessment of biodeterioration for the screening new wood preservatives: Calculation of stiffness loss in rapid decay testing SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE accelerated screening methodology; bio-deterioration; compression/crushing test; decay fungi; Pinus radiata; southern yellow pine; stiffness loss; wood preservatives ID STRENGTH AB Demand for the development of environmentally benign wood preservatives has increased significantly. To reduce the evaluation time of prospective candidates, reliable accelerated decay methodologies are necessary for laboratory screening of potential preservatives. Ongoing research at Mississippi State University has focused upon utilizing custom built equipment to measure stiffness losses in wood wafers after 4 weeks of fungal exposure as opposed to mass losses in blocks after 12 weeks. Stiffness loss as a measure to quantify the extent of biodeterioration may allow detection of incipient decay. The resistance of untreated and treated southern yellow pine and radiata pine (Pinus radiata) sapwood wafers to biodeterioration by brown rot (Neolentinus lepideus, Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta) and white rot (Trametes versicolor and Irpex lacteus) fungi was investigated by measuring stiffness. From the data collected percentage stiffness losses were calculated based upon modulus of elasticity. It is a potentially accurate alternative to the "secant modulus" at a deformation equal to 5% of the specimen height calculation generally performed. C1 [Przewloka, Simon R.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Creswick, Vic 3363, Australia. [Crawford, Douglas M.; Rammer, Douglas R.; Woodward, Bessie M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Buckner, Donald L.; Li, Gan; Nicholas, Darrel D.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Forest Prod, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Przewloka, SR (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Water St, Creswick, Vic 3363, Australia. EM srprzew@unimelb.edu.au NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 270 EP 276 DI 10.1515/HF.2008.024 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 296OL UT WOS:000255555600003 ER PT J AU Chen, GC AF Chen, George C. TI Synthesis and evaluation of phosphortriamidates in wood for thermal and fungal decay protection SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE fire retardance; fungal decay; impregnation; phosphortriamidates; synthesis; thermogravimetry; wood ID PENTOXIDE-AMINE SYSTEM; COMBUSTION; SYNERGISM C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Chen, GC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM gchen@fs.fed.us NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 318 EP 321 DI 10.1515/HF.2008.056 PG 4 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 296OL UT WOS:000255555600010 ER PT J AU Chen, GC AF Chen, George C. TI Synthesis of ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer containing fungicides and evaluation of their effect for wood decay resistance SO HOLZFORSCHUNG LA English DT Article DE copolymer; ethylene maleic anhydride; fungal decay resistance; fungicides; poly(ethylene co-8-hydroxy quinolinyl acrylate); poly(ethylene co-dipentachlorophenyl diacrylate); synthesis; wood ID FUNGAL RESISTANCE; POLYMERS; PRESERVATION AB The aim of the present study was to combat wood decay based on the approach control led-release biocides from polymers. The possibility of introducing polymer-bonded fungicides into the cell lumens was investigated. The synthesis of ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer containing pentachlorophenol (penta) and 8-hydroxy quinoline (8HQ) in N, N dimethyl formamide is described. It was demonstrated that the penta-bonded acrylate is a poly(ethylene co-dipentachlorophenyl diacrylate), which has a disubstituted pentachlorophenyl group linked through two acrylate ester bonds. The reaction of ethylene maleic anhydride copolymer with 8-hydroxy quinoline leads to products containing 44.8% poly(ethylene co-8-hydroxy quinolinyl acrylate) and 55.2% of unreacted poly(ethylene co-maleic anhydride). Wood impregnated with the polymers described prevented decay by a brown- and white-rot fungus, even after water leaching. Wood treated with the fungicide pentachlorophenol (penta) alone prevented only decay by a brown-rot fungus. An advantage is that high loading of penta in polymer can be achieved. Moreover, there is a slow-release effect on the active agent due to hydrolysis of ester bonds. The decay resistance of wood treated with poly(ethylene co-8-quinolinyl acrylate) was similar to that of wood impregnated with 8-hydroxy quinoline. C1 USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Chen, GC (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM gchen@fs.fed.us NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 8 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0018-3830 J9 HOLZFORSCHUNG JI Holzforschung PY 2008 VL 62 IS 4 BP 488 EP 493 DI 10.1515/HF.2008.062 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA 320ZE UT WOS:000257273000019 ER PT S AU Flaishman, MA Rodov, V Stover, E AF Flaishman, Moshe A. Rodov, Victor Stover, Ed BE Janick, J TI The Fig: Botany, Horticulture, and Breeding SO HORTICULTURAL REVIEWS, VOL 34 SE Horticultural Reviews LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FICUS-CARICA L.; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS INFECTION; THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYMORPHIC DNA ANALYSIS; DRIED FIGS; COMMON FIG; IN-VITRO; MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; GENETIC-RESOURCES C1 [Flaishman, Moshe A.] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Fruit Tree Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Rodov, Victor] Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Postharvest Sci Fresh Produce, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. [Stover, Ed] ARS, USDA, Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Flaishman, MA (reprint author), Agr Res Org, Volcani Ctr, Dept Fruit Tree Sci, IL-50250 Bet Dagan, Israel. EM vhmoshea@agri.gov.il; vrodov@volcani.agri.gov.il; ewstover@ucdavis.edu NR 334 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 3RD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0163-7851 BN 978-0-470-38014-7 J9 HORTICUL RE PY 2008 VL 34 BP 113 EP 196 PG 84 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA BFU83 UT WOS:000321490700003 ER PT J AU Fain, GB Gilliam, CH Sibley, JL Boyer, CR AF Fain, Glenn B. Gilliam, Charles H. Sibley, Jeff L. Boyer, Cheryl R. TI WholeTree substrates derived from three species of pine in production of annual vinca SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Catharanthus roseus; container-grown; media; ornamental; physical properties; wood fiber ID PEAT AB The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential for use of container substrates composed of processed whole pine trees (WholeTree). Three species [loblolly pine (Pinus taeda), slash pine (Pinus elliottii), and longleaf pine (Pinus palustris)] of 8- to 10-year-old pine trees were harvested at ground level and the entire tree was chipped with a tree chipper. Chips from each tree species were processed with a hammer mill to pass through a 0.374-inch screen. On 29 June 2005 1-gal containers were filled with substrates, placed into full sun under overhead irrigation, and planted with a single liner (63.4 cm(3)) of 'Little Blanche' annual vinca (Catharanthus roseus). The test was repeated on 27 Aug. 2005 with 'Raspberry Red Cooler' annual vinca. Pine bark substrate had about 50% less air space and 32% greater water holding capacity than the other substrates. At 54 days after potting (DAP), shoot dry weights were 15% greater for plants grown in 100% pine bark substrate compared with plants grown in the three WboleTree substrates. However, there were no differences in plant growth indices for any substrate at 54 DAP. Plant tissue macronutrient content was similar among all substrates. Tissue micronutrient content was similar and within sufficiency ranges with the exception of manganese. Manganese was highest for substrates made from slash pine and loblolly pine. Root growth was similar among all treatments. Results from the second study were similar. Based on these results, WholeTree substrates derived from loblolly pine, slash pine, or longleaf pine have potential as an alternative, sustainable source for producing short-term horticultural crops. C1 [Fain, Glenn B.] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Gilliam, Charles H.; Sibley, Jeff L.; Boyer, Cheryl R.] Auburn Univ, Dept Hort, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Fain, GB (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, PO Box 287, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM gbf0002@auburn.edu NR 30 TC 20 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 18 IS 1 BP 13 EP 17 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 242EE UT WOS:000251706500002 ER PT J AU Linderman, RG Davis, EA AF Linderman, R. G. Davis, E. A. TI Eradication of Phytophthora ramorum and other pathogens from potting medium or soil by treatment with aerated steam or fumigation with metam sodium SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ornamentals; ramorum blight and shoot dieback; Pythium irregulare; Thielaviopsis basicola; Cylindrocladium scoparhon; sudden oak death ID CALIFORNIA; RHODODENDRON; VIBURNUM AB Phytophthora ramorum survived in potting media infested with sporangia or chlamydospores, allowing the pathogen to remain undetected while disseminated geographically. Chlamydospores or oospores of P. ramorum, Pythium irregulare, Thielaviopsis basicola, and Cylindrocladium scoparium produced in vermiculite culture were used to infest potting media. Infested media in plastic plug flats were treated with aerated steam mixtures from 45 to 70 degrees C for 30 min. In a second experiment, infested media were fumigated in polyethylene bags with a concentration series of metam. sodium ranging from 0.25 to 1.0 mL.L-1. Survival of the pathogens was determined by selective baiting or direct plating the infested media on PARP selective medium. Assays indicated that all pathogens in the infested potting media were killed by aerated steam heat treatments of 50 degrees C or higher. Metam sodium concentrations of 1.0 mL.L-1 of medium or greater also eradicated all pathogens from the potting medium and soil. These results show that aerated steam treatment or fumigation with metam sodium can effectively sanitize soil-less potting media infested with P. ramorum or other soilborne pathogens, as well as P. ramorum-infested soil beneath infected plant containers. In addition, steam treatments to 70 degrees C did not melt plastic plug trays. C1 [Linderman, R. G.; Davis, E. A.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Linderman, RG (reprint author), USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM lindermr@science.oregonstate.edu NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 18 IS 1 BP 106 EP 110 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 242EE UT WOS:000251706500018 ER PT J AU Takeda, F Krewer, G Andrews, EL Mullinix, B Peterson, DL AF Takeda, Fumiomi Krewer, Gerard Andrews, Elvin L. Mullinix, Benjamin, Jr. Peterson, Donald L. TI Assessment of the v45 blueberry harvester on rabbiteye blueberry and southern highbush blueberry pruned to V-shaped canopy SO HORTTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium; mechanical harvest; fruit; brusing; quality ID GROWTH; YIELD; HAND AB Mechanical harvesting systems for processed blueberries (Vaccinium spp.) are available. However, low harvest efficiency and high fruit damage have limited the use of mechanical harvesters for picking blueberries for fresh market to specific cultivars under good weather conditions. New harvesting technology for fresh-market blueberries is needed. The V45 harvester was developed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture in 1994 to harvest fresh-market-quality northern highbush (V. corymbosum) blueberries in Michigan. The current study was performed in Georgia to evaluate the V45 harvester on specially pruned rabbiteye blueberry [V. virgatum (syn. V. ashei)] and southern highbush blueberry (V. darrowi x V. corymbosum) and included analysis of harvest efficiency and fruit quality (percent blue fruit, percent bloom, percent split skin, and internal bruise damage). Six-year-old, 6- to 8-ft-tall 'Brightwell' and 'Powderblue' rabbiteye blueberry plants were winter pruned to remove vertically growing and overarching canes in the center of the bush in Jan. 2004 and Feb. 2005 respectively. Three-year-old, 3- to 5-ft-tall 'FL 86-19' and 'Star' southern highbush blueberry plants were similarly pruned in summer (June 2004) or in winter (Feb. 2005). Pruning removed an estimated 30% to 50% of the canopy and opened the middle, resulting in V-shaped plants in both rabbiteye and southern highbush blueberries. Yield of winter-pruned 'Brightwell' rabbiteye blueberry was lower compared with unpruned plants during both years, but winter-pruned 'Powderblue' rabbiteye blueberry plants produced as much as unpruned plants in 2005. In 'FL 86-19' southern highbush blueberry, plants that were summer pruned in June 2004 produced as much as unpruned plants in 2005, but plants that were winter pruned in Feb. 2005 had lower yields than unpruned plants in 2005. The V45 harvester caused little cane damage on pruned blueberry plants. In rabbiteye blueberries, internal fruit damage and skin splitting was less in V45-harvested fruit than in fruit harvested by a sway harvester and nearly that of hand-harvested fruit. However, in 'FL 86-19' southern highbush blueberry, the V45 harvester detached a lower percentage of blue fruit and excessive amounts of immature and stemmed fruit. These findings suggest that the V45 harvester has the potential to harvest some rabbiteye blueberry cultivars mechanically with fruit quality approaching that of hand-harvested fruit. C1 [Takeda, Fumiomi; Peterson, Donald L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Krewer, Gerard] Univ Georgia, Cooperat Extens Serv, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Andrews, Elvin L.] Univ Georgia, Cooperat Extens Serv, Athens, GA 31635 USA. [Mullinix, Benjamin, Jr.] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Takeda, F (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM fumi.takeda@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 1063-0198 J9 HORTTECHNOLOGY JI HortTechnology PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 18 IS 1 BP 130 EP 138 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 242EE UT WOS:000251706500022 ER PT J AU Richardson, NF Ruesink, JL Naeem, S Hacker, SD Tallis, HM Dumbauld, BR Wisehart, LM AF Richardson, Nehemiah F. Ruesink, Jennifer L. Naeem, Shahid Hacker, Sally D. Tallis, Heather M. Dumbauld, Brett R. Wisehart, Lorena M. TI Bacterial abundance and aerobic microbial activity across natural and oyster aquaculture habitats during summer conditions in a northeastern Pacific estuary SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; bacteria; Crassostrea gigas; microbiological analysis; prokaryotes; sediments; Zostera marina ID SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; FEEDING BIVALVE MOLLUSKS; COASTAL MARINE-SEDIMENTS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; NITROGEN-FIXATION; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; ZOSTERA-NOLTII; DIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEM; DYNAMICS AB We measured sediment properties and the abundance and aerobic metabolism of microbes in Willapa Bay, Washington, USA, to test the response of sediment microbes to oyster aquaculture. Sites spanned the estuary gradient (practical salinity units ranged from 24 to 30 under seasonally low river flows) and six different low-intertidal habitat types: eelgrass (Zostera marina), unstructured tideflat, oyster hummocks (reefs of Crassostrea gigas), longline oyster aquaculture, hand-picked on-bottom oyster aquaculture, and dredged on-bottom oyster aquaculture. Aerobic metabolism was assessed by sole-source carbon use (SSCU) of 31 carbon sources on Biolog plates. Sediments generally became siltier and more organically enriched into the estuary, but no consistent differences in sediment properties occurred across habitat types. Bacterial cell density tracked organic content. Across the estuary gradient, overall aerobic SSCU increased less steeply than bacterial cell density, possibly as anaerobic metabolism became more important. Across habitats, aerobic SSCU differed significantly in both overall metabolism and diversity of carbon sources. Aerobic metabolism was generally lower for sediment microbes from intertidal on-bottom oyster aquaculture than from eelgrass. Humans indirectly alter microbial activity through biogenic habitats created during aquaculture, but, as has been shown for bivalves more generally, these changes were relatively small, particularly in comparison to sediment changes along estuarine gradients. C1 [Richardson, Nehemiah F.; Ruesink, Jennifer L.; Naeem, Shahid; Tallis, Heather M.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hacker, Sally D.; Wisehart, Lorena M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Zool, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] USDA ARS, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Ruesink, JL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biol, 351800, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM ruesink@u.washington.edu NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 22 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JAN PY 2008 VL 596 BP 269 EP 278 DI 10.1007/s10750-007-9102-5 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 242MR UT WOS:000251729800023 ER PT J AU Wagner, R Bartak, M Borkent, A Courtney, G Goddeeris, B Haenni, JP Knutson, L Pont, A Rotheray, GE Rozkosny, R Sinclair, B Woodley, N Zatwarnicki, T Zwick, P AF Wagner, Ruediger Bartak, Miroslav Borkent, Art Courtney, Gregory Goddeeris, Boudewijn Haenni, Jean-Paul Knutson, Lloyd Pont, Adrian Rotheray, Graham E. Rozkosny, Rudolf Sinclair, Bradley Woodley, Norman Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz Zwick, Peter TI Global diversity of dipteran families (Insecta Diptera) in freshwater (excluding Simulidae, Culicidae, Chironomidae, Tipulidae and Tabanidae) SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Review DE aquatic Diptera; continental waters; diversity; distribution; state of knowledge ID MOUNTAIN MIDGES DIPTERA; PALAEODIPTERON-WALKERI IDE; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; DANCE FLIES DIPTERA; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; NYMPHOMYIIDAE DIPTERA; IMMATURE STAGES; THAUMALEIDAE DIPTERA; EMPIDOIDEA DIPTERA; CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS AB Today's knowledge of worldwide species diversity of 19 families of aquatic Diptera in Continental Waters is presented. Nevertheless, we have to face for certain in most groups a restricted knowledge about distribution, ecology and systematic, particularly in the tropical environments. At the same time we realize a dramatically decline or even lack of specialists being able, having the time or the opportunity to extend or even secure the present information. The respective families with approximate numbers of aquatic species are: Blephariceridae (308), Deuterophlebiidae (14), Nyphomyiidae (7), Psychodidae (similar to 2.000), Scatopsidae (similar to 5), Tanyderidae (41), Ptychopteridae (69), Dixidae (173), Corethrellidae (97), Chaoboridae (similar to 50), Thaumaleidae (similar to 170), Ceratopogonidae (similar to 6.000), Stratiomyidae (similar to 43), Empididae (similar to 660), Lonchopteridae (2), Syrphidae (similar to 1.080), Sciomyzidae (similar to 190), Ephydridae (similar to 1.500), Muscidae (similar to 870). Numbers of aquatic species will surely increase with increased ecological and taxonomical efforts. C1 [Wagner, Ruediger] Univ Kassel, Kassel, Germany. [Bartak, Miroslav] Czech Univ Agr, Prague, Czech Republic. [Courtney, Gregory] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA. [Goddeeris, Boudewijn] Inst Royal Sci Nat Belgique, B-1040 Brussels, Belgium. [Haenni, Jean-Paul] Museum Hist Nat, Neuchatel, Switzerland. [Pont, Adrian] Goring Thames, Reading RG8 0EP, Berks, England. [Rotheray, Graham E.] Natl Museum Scotland, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Rozkosny, Rudolf] Masaryk Univ, Inst Bot & Zool, Brno, Czech Republic. [Sinclair, Bradley] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ontario Plant Labs, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Woodley, Norman] USDA, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC USA. [Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz] Acad Agr, Dept Zool, Wroclaw, Poland. RP Wagner, R (reprint author), Univ Kassel, Kassel, Germany. EM Ruediger.Wagner@uni-kassel.de RI Woodley, Norman/M-6160-2014; OI Zatwarnicki, Tadeusz/0000-0003-2163-0143 NR 181 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD JAN PY 2008 VL 595 BP 489 EP 519 DI 10.1007/s10750-007-9127-9 PG 31 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 249TS UT WOS:000252253300050 ER PT J AU Semmens, DJ Goodrich, DC Unkrich, CL Smith, RE Woolhiser, DA Miller, SN AF Semmens, D. J. Goodrich, D. C. Unkrich, C. L. Smith, R. E. Woolhiser, D. A. Miller, S. N. BA Wheater, H Sorooshian, S Sharma, KD BF Wheater, H Sorooshian, S Sharma, KD TI KINEROS2 and the AGWA modelling framework SO HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING IN ARID AND SEMI-ARID AREAS SE International Hydrology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; INFILTRATION; RAINFALL; FLOW; SOIL; PLANE; WATER; SIMULATION; PATTERNS; AIR C1 [Semmens, D. J.] USEPA ORD NERL, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Goodrich, D. C.; Unkrich, C. L.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Miller, S. N.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Nat Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Smith, R. E.; Woolhiser, D. A.] USDA ARS, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Semmens, DJ (reprint author), USEPA ORD NERL, Landscape Ecol Branch, Las Vegas, NV USA. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-0-521-86918-8 J9 INT HYDROL SER PY 2008 BP 49 EP 68 PG 20 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA BAO83 UT WOS:000304923900006 ER PT B AU Iqbal, J Read, JJ Thomasson, AJ AF Iqbal, Javed Read, John J. Thomasson, Alex J. BA Tahir, MA BF Tahir, MA BE Khattak, MU TI Site Specific N Application and Remote Sensing of Cotton Crop SO ICAST 2008: PROCEEDINGS OF 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SPACE TECHNOLOGIES: SPACE IN THE SERVICE OF MANKIND LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Advances in Space Technologies CY NOV 29-30, 2008 CL Islamabad, PAKISTAN SP Inst Geograph Informat Syst, Natl Univ Sci & Technol ID YIELD; VEGETATION; NUTRIENT; WHEAT AB A spatial variable N rate trial and remote sensing of cotton crop was conducted during 2003 at Paul Good Farms, Mississippi, USA. For N rate trial three transects each consists of 8 rows were selected at east and west side of the field. The three N treatments (UAN, urea-ammonium nitrate solution) were 0, 112 and 185 kg N/ha. Multispectral aerial images were collected with a 0.5 in spatial resolution of cotton crop throughout growing season. The statistical analysis showed that the highest cotton lint yield was obtained from the highest UAN_N treatment i.e.185 kg N/ha followed by 112 and 0 kg N/ha. C1 [Iqbal, Javed] COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Abbottabad, Pakistan. [Read, John J.] Mississippi State Univ, USDA ARS, Mississippi State, MS USA. [Thomasson, Alex J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Iqbal, J (reprint author), COMSATS Inst Informat Technol, Abbottabad, Pakistan. EM jiqbal@ciit.net.pk; John.Read@ars.usda.gov; thomasson@tamu.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3765-8 PY 2008 BP 112 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BJK77 UT WOS:000266721200022 ER PT S AU Mattoo, AK Yachha, SK Fatima, T AF Mattoo, A. K. Yachha, S. K. Fatima, T. BE TomasBarberan, FA Gil, MI TI Genetic manipulation of vegetable crops to alleviate diet-related diseases SO IMPROVING THE HEALTH-PROMOTING PROPERTIES OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLE PRODUCTS SE Woodhead Publishing in Food Science Technology and Nutrition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRANSGENIC TOMATO PLANTS; BETA-CAROTENE; PHYTOENE SYNTHASE; LINOLENIC ACID; FOLATE BIOFORTIFICATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ENHANCED LEVELS; POTATO-TUBERS; SATIVA L.; FRUIT C1 [Mattoo, A. K.; Fatima, T.] Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Yachha, S. K.] Sanjay Gandhi Postgrad Inst Med Sci, Dept Pediat Gastroenterol, Lucknow 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Fatima, T.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Mattoo, AK (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM autar.mattoo@ars.usda.gov; skyachha@yahoo.co.in; tahira.fatima@ars.usda.gov NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WOODHEAD PUBL LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA ABINGTON HALL ABINGTON, CAMBRIDGE CB1 6AH, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2042-8049 BN 978 1 84569 184 4 J9 WOODHEAD PUBL FOOD S JI Woodhead Publ. Food Sci. Technol. Nutr. PY 2008 IS 157 BP 326 EP 345 DI 10.1533/9781845694289.4.326 PG 20 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BOK44 UT WOS:000276891500014 ER PT B AU Jolliffe, D Ziliak, JP AF Jolliffe, Dean Ziliak, James P. BE Jolliffe, D Ziliak, JP TI Income Volatility and Food Assistance in the United States Introduction SO INCOME VOLATILITY AND FOOD ASSISTANCE IN THE UNITED STATES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Income Volatility and Implications for Food Assistance Program II CY NOV 16-17, 2006 CL Washington, DC C1 [Jolliffe, Dean] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W E UPJOHN INST EMPLOYMENT RESEARCH PI KALAMAZOO PA 300 S WESTNEDGE AVE, KALAMAZOO, MI 49007 USA BN 978-0-88099-335-7 PY 2008 BP 1 EP 7 PG 7 WC Economics; Social Work SC Business & Economics; Social Work GA BIM24 UT WOS:000260681600001 ER PT B AU Newman, C AF Newman, Constance BE Jolliffe, D Ziliak, JP TI Income Volatility and Its Implications for School Lunch SO INCOME VOLATILITY AND FOOD ASSISTANCE IN THE UNITED STATES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Income Volatility and Implications for Food Assistance Program II CY NOV 16-17, 2006 CL Washington, DC C1 [Newman, Constance] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W E UPJOHN INST EMPLOYMENT RESEARCH PI KALAMAZOO PA 300 S WESTNEDGE AVE, KALAMAZOO, MI 49007 USA BN 978-0-88099-335-7 PY 2008 BP 137 EP 169 PG 33 WC Economics; Social Work SC Business & Economics; Social Work GA BIM24 UT WOS:000260681600006 ER PT B AU Prell, MA AF Prell, Mark A. BE Jolliffe, D Ziliak, JP TI Income Volatility and Certification Duration for WIC Children SO INCOME VOLATILITY AND FOOD ASSISTANCE IN THE UNITED STATES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Income Volatility and Implications for Food Assistance Program II CY NOV 16-17, 2006 CL Washington, DC C1 [Prell, Mark A.] Econ Res Serv, Food Assistance Branch, Food Econ Div, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W E UPJOHN INST EMPLOYMENT RESEARCH PI KALAMAZOO PA 300 S WESTNEDGE AVE, KALAMAZOO, MI 49007 USA BN 978-0-88099-335-7 PY 2008 BP 259 EP 294 PG 36 WC Economics; Social Work SC Business & Economics; Social Work GA BIM24 UT WOS:000260681600009 ER PT J AU Hadidi, A Barba, M AF Hadidi, Ahmed Barba, Marina TI DNA Microarrays: 21st century pathogen detection SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hadidi, Ahmed] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Barba, Marina] CRA Plant Pathol Res Ctr, I-00156 Rome, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INDIAN VIROLOGICAL SOC PI HISAR PA CCS HARYANA AGRICULTURAL UNIV, DEPT PLANT PATHOLOGY, HISAR, 125 004, INDIA SN 0970-2822 J9 INDIAN J VIROL JI Indian J. Virol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 71 EP 72 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 349TB UT WOS:000259305100074 ER PT J AU Ramirez, EC Johnston, DB McAloon, AJ Yee, W Singh, V AF Ramirez, Edna C. Johnston, David B. McAloon, Andrew J. Yee, Winnie Singh, Vijay TI Engineering process and cost model for a conventional corn wet milling facility SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE corn; wet milling; coproducts; technical cost model; process simulation; economics AB Conventional wet milling of corn is a process designed for the recovery and purification of starch and several coproducts (germ, gluten, fiber and steep liquor). The total starch produced by the wet milling industry in the USA in 2004 equaled 21.5 billion kg, including modified starches and starches used for sweeteners and ethanol production. Process engineering and cost models for a corn wet milling process (for steeping and milling facilities) have been developed for a "generic" processing plant with a capacity of 2.54 million kg of corn per day (100,000 bu/day). The process includes grain cleaning, steeping, germ separation and recovery, fiber separation and recovery, gluten separation and recovery and starch separation. information for the development of the models was obtained from a variety of technical sources including commercial wet milling companies, industry experts and equipment suppliers. The models were developed using process and cost simulation software (SuperPro Designer (R)) and include processing information such as composition and flow rates of the various process streams, descriptions of the various unit operations and detailed breakdowns of the operating and capital cost of the facility. Based on the information from the model, we can estimate the cost of production per kilogram of starch using the input prices for corn and other wet milling coproducts. We have also used the model to conduct a variety of sensitivity studies utilizing modifications such as feedstock costs, corn compositional variations, and the sale of wet corn gluten feed. The model is also being used as a base-case for the development of models to test alternative processing technologies and to help in the scale-up and commercialization of new wet milling technologies. This model is available upon request from the authors for educational, non-commercial and research uses. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ramirez, Edna C.; Johnston, David B.; McAloon, Andrew J.; Yee, Winnie] USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Singh, Vijay] Univ Illinois, Dept Agr Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Johnston, DB (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM David.Johnston@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.08.002 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 258ZS UT WOS:000252909500015 ER PT J AU Holser, RA AF Holser, Ronald A. TI Transesterification of epoxidized soybean oil to prepare epoxy methyl esters SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE epoxidized soybean oil; epoxy methyl esters; transesterification; biobased products ID VEGETABLE-OILS; FATTY ESTERS; KINETICS AB Epoxidized methyl esters were prepared by the transesterification of epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO). The transesterification was complete in 10 min at 50 degrees C without loss of the epoxide function. Epoxidized methyl esters represent a renewable substrate that is readily converted into surfactants, fuel additives, and other industrial products. The implementation of this reaction will increase the availability of epoxidized methyl esters and promote the development of new biobased products. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Holser, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Ronald.Holser@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 EI 1872-633X J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 130 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.06.001 PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 258ZS UT WOS:000252909500021 ER PT J AU Tisserat, B Vaughn, SF Berhow, MA AF Tisserat, Brent Vaughn, Steuen F. Berhow, Mark A. TI Ultrahigh CO2 levels enhances cuphea growth and morphogenesis SO INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS LA English DT Article DE cuphea; CO2 enrichment; rooting; seedling dormancy; seedling vigor ID LOBLOLLY-PINE AB Applications of ultrahigh CO2 treatments accelerated cuphea (Cuphea viscosissima x C. lanceolata 'PSR23') growth and development and aided in seedling establishment. The growth (fresh weight) and morphogenesis (number of leaves and roots and seedling length) were determined in cuphea seedlings exposed to 350,1500,3000, 10,000, or 30,000 mu mol mol(-1) CO2 for 30 days under greenhouse conditions. Greater CO2 levels, especially the ultrahigh levels (i.e. >= 3000 mu mol mol(-1) CO2) resulted in significantly higher (P <= 0.05) fresh weights, leaf numbers, root numbers, and seedling lengths compared to seedlings grown under ambient air (350 mu mol mol(-1) CO2). For example, cuphea 'PSR23' Morris heavy seedlings showed the greatest seedling fresh weight, leaf number, root number, and seedling length when supplemented with 10,000 mu mol mol(-1) CO2 increasing 607%, 184%, 784%, and 175%, respectively, when compared to seedlings grown without CO2 enrichment. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Tisserat, Brent; Vaughn, Steuen F.; Berhow, Mark A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Tisserat, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, New Crops & Proc Technol Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Brent.Tisserat@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0926-6690 J9 IND CROP PROD JI Ind. Crop. Prod. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 27 IS 1 BP 133 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.06.003 PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 258ZS UT WOS:000252909500022 ER PT B AU Pickering, TR AF Pickering, Thomas R. BE Morse, RS Buss, TF TI Government Personnel Foreign Affairs SO INNOVATIONS IN PUBLIC LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT SE Transformational Trends in Governance and Democracy LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Pickering, Thomas R.] US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Pickering, TR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU M E SHARPE INC PI ARMONK PA 80 BUSINESS PARK DRIVE, ARMONK, NY 10504 USA BN 978-0-7656-2069-9 J9 TRANSFORM TR GOV DEM PY 2008 BP 177 EP 187 PG 11 WC Public Administration SC Public Administration GA BTY71 UT WOS:000288444600011 ER PT B AU Stanley, DW Miller, JS AF Stanley, David W. Miller, Jon S. BA Beckage, NE BF Beckage, NE TI EICOSANOID ACTIONS IN INSECT IMMUNOLOGY SO INSECT IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HORNWORM MANDUCA-SEXTA; MEDIATE NODULATION RESPONSES; PHOSPHOLIPASE A(2) ACTIVITY; CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSE; TOBACCO HORNWORM; BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS; BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS; MICROAGGREGATION REACTIONS; PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER AB In this chapter we review eicosanoid actions in insect immunity. Eicosanoids are oxygenated metabolites of arachidonic acid and two other C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Groups of eicosanoids include prostaglandins, lipoxygenase products and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids. These compounds are most well studied in the context of biomedicine; however, we now know eicosanoids act in insect immune defense reactions. These include the cellular mechanisms responsible for clearing bacterial infection from hemolymph circulation and in microaggregation and nodulation reactions. Eicosanoids also act in plasmatocyte spreading and hemocyte migration toward a chemical source. Various eicosanoids act in insect defenses against bacteria, fungi, protozoan and parasitoid challenge. The most recent data indicate eicosanoids act in insect defenses against viral infection. With a view to a coming generation of insect scientists, we lift up insect-virus interactions and mechanisms of eicosanoid actions as two of the visible frontiers of insect immunology. C1 [Stanley, David W.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Miller, Jon S.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. RP Stanley, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. NR 75 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055633-8; 978-0-12-373976-6 PY 2008 BP 49 EP 68 DI 10.1016/B978-012373976-6.50005-7 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA BEM76 UT WOS:000317391500004 ER PT S AU Amatya, D Trettin, C AF Amatya, Devendra Trettin, Carl BE Meire, P Coenen, M Lombardo, C Robba, M Sacile, R TI AN ECO-HYDROLOGICAL PROJECT ON TURKEY CREEK WATERSHED, SOUTH CAROLINA, USA SO INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT SE NATO Science Series IV Earth and Environmental Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Workshop of the NATO/CCMS Pilot Study on Integrated Water Management CY JAN 28-31, 2004 CL Genoa, ITALY SP NATO, CCMS DE Low-gradient; Coastal plain; Forested wetlands; Water management; Water quality; Monitoring; Modeling; Francis Marion National Forest ID MODEL AB The low-gradient, forested wetland landscape of the southeastern United States' Coastal Plain represents an important eco-hydrologic system, yet there is a very little information available on the region's ecological, hydrological and biogeochemical processes. Long-term hydrologic monitoring can provide the information needed to understand basic hydrologic processes and their interactions with climatic variation, ecosystem processes, land use change, and other natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Monitoring also provides researchers with baseline data for evaluating responses, generating new scientific hypotheses, and testing eco-hydrologic models. This information is crucial for the sustainable management of present and future water resources in the southeastern Coastal Plain region, with its growing population, rapidly expanding development, and intensive timber and agricultural industries. This paper presents a multi-collaborative approach for building a monitoring and modeling framework for conducting long-term eco-hydrological studies on a 5,000 ha watershed in the South Carolina Coastal Plain. C1 [Amatya, Devendra; Trettin, Carl] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. RP Amatya, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Forested Wetlands Res, 2730 Savannah Highway, Charleston, SC 29414 USA. EM damatya@fs.fed.us NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-1238 BN 978-1-4020-6552-1 J9 NATO SCI S SS IV EAR JI NATO Sci. Series IV Earth Environ. Sciences PY 2008 VL 80 BP 115 EP 126 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA BLU46 UT WOS:000271077700008 ER PT J AU Pachepsky, YA Yu, O Karns, JS Shelton, DR Guber, AK van Kessel, JS AF Pachepsky, Y. A. Yu, O. Karns, J. S. Shelton, D. R. Guber, A. K. van Kessel, J. S. TI Strain-dependent variations in attachment of E. coli to soil particles of different sizes SO INTERNATIONAL AGROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli; attachment; soil texture; polymerase chain reaction; DNA fingerprint; pseudo-gel image ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUSPENDED PARTICLES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; SURFACE WATERS; ADHESION; TRANSPORT; STORMWATER; RUNOFF; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; HYDROPHOBICITY AB Attachment of E. coli to soil particles affects bacteria transport in overland flow and in soil. The objective of this research was to investigate the existence of strain-dependent variations in attachment of manure-borne E. coli to soil particles of different sizes using repetitive sequenced-based PCR techniques. Tyler clay loam soil was fractionated to obtain particles of coarse sand, medium sand, fine sand, silt, and clay sizes. The inoculum for attachment studies was produced by culturing aged manure. Serial dilutions of the fecal coliform suspension (102 and 103 CFU ml(-1)) were mixed with soil particle fractions. After incubation, soil-bacteria suspensions were centrifuged, and DNA was extracted from supernatants to be used for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with ERIC primers. The DNA fingerprint analysis was done with pseudo-gel images from electrophoregrams using BioNumerics. Cluster analysis led to identification of five clusters with the similarity level within them higher than 80% and 17 clusters with the similarity level within them higher than 90%. The chi-square test was applied to test the hypothesis that the strain distribution among the clusters does not depend on adsorbent. This hypothesis could be rejected at 0.0001 probability level. The preferential attachment of different strains to particles of different size classes may be attributable to differences in both particle surface and bacteria surface properties. Because the attachment to mineral surfaces for pathogenic E. coli strains may be different from that for non-pathogenic strains, more information on attachment pathogenic E. coli to suspended solids in overland flow attachment needs to be collected, as the differences in attachment may result in differences in overland transport of pathogenic and non-pathogenic E. coli. C1 [Pachepsky, Y. A.; Yu, O.; Karns, J. S.; Shelton, D. R.; Guber, A. K.; van Kessel, J. S.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yakov.Pachepsky@ars.usda.gov OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 8 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES PI WARSAW PA MUSEUM & INST ZOOLOGY WILCZA 64, 00-679 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0236-8722 J9 INT AGROPHYS JI Int. Agrophys. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 61 EP 66 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 311CH UT WOS:000256577200009 ER PT J AU Guber, AK Gish, TJ Pachepsky, YA van Genuchten, MT Daughtry, CST Nicholson, TJ Cady, RE AF Guber, A. K. Gish, T. J. Pachepsky, Y. A. van Genuchten, M. T. Daughtry, C. S. T. Nicholson, T. J. Cady, R. E. TI Temporal stability of estimated soil water flux patterns across agricultural fields SO INTERNATIONAL AGROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE soil water flux; temporal stability; agricultural fields ID FLOW PATHWAYS; TIME; MOISTURE; VARIABILITY; PERSISTENCE; STORAGE; SPACE AB When a field or a small watershed is repeatedly surveyed for soil water content, sites often can be spotted where soil is consistently wetter or consistently dryer than average across the study area. This phenomenon has been called time stability, temporal stability, temporal persistence, or rank stability in spatial patterns of soil water content or in soil water contents. The temporal stability presents significant interest for upscaling observed soil water contents to obtain average values across the observation area, improving soil water monitoring strategies, and correcting the monitoring results for missing data. The objective of this work was to research the temporal stability in estimated soil water fluxes using extremely frequent multi-depth measurements of soil water content with multisensor capacitance probes installed in soil in multi-year corn production. Data on water contents at 10, 30, 50, and 80 cm depths were collected every 10 min for 20 months of continuous observations from May 2001 to December 2002. Temporal stability was well pronounced for soil water fluxes estimated from soil water balance for the depth of 60 m. Soil water fluxes can be upscaled and efficiently monitored using the temporal stability of soil water patterns. C1 [Guber, A. K.; Pachepsky, Y. A.] USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Gish, T. J.; Daughtry, C. S. T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [van Genuchten, M. T.] USDA ARS, George E Brown Jr Salin Lab, Riverside, CA USA. [Nicholson, T. J.; Cady, R. E.] US NRC ORR, Rockville, MD USA. RP Pachepsky, YA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, 173 Powder Mill Rd,BARC E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Yakov.Pachepsky@ars.usda.gov RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013; OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858; Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES PI WARSAW PA INST SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION ANIMALS, SLAWKOWSKA 17, 31-016 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0236-8722 J9 INT AGROPHYS JI Int. Agrophys. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 3 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 352HD UT WOS:000259485800004 ER PT J AU Torbert, HA Krueger, E Kurtener, D AF Torbert, H. A. Krueger, E. Kurtener, D. TI Soil quality assessment using fuzzy modeling SO INTERNATIONAL AGROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE soil quality; fuzzy indicators; fuzzy modeling ID GIS; PRODUCTIVITY; SUITABILITY AB Maintaining soil productivity is essential if agriculture production systems are to be sustainable, thus soil quality is an essential issue. However, there is a paucity of tools for measurement for the purpose of understanding changes in soil quality. Here the possibility of using fuzzy modeling theory as a means to address the problem of soil quality assessment is considered. For soil quality assessment, two general types of fuzzy soil quality indicators potentially could be defined. The theoretical consideration of this process is illustrated with an example. Results indicate that the fuzzy multi-attributive approach could be effectively utilized as a tool leading to better understanding soil quality. C1 [Torbert, H. A.] USDA ARS Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Kurtener, D.] Agrophys Res Inst, St Petersburg 195220, Russia. RP Torbert, HA (reprint author), USDA ARS Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM Allen.Torbert@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES PI WARSAW PA INST SYSTEMATICS & EVOLUTION ANIMALS, SLAWKOWSKA 17, 31-016 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0236-8722 J9 INT AGROPHYS JI Int. Agrophys. PY 2008 VL 22 IS 4 BP 365 EP 370 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 371CK UT WOS:000260809200012 ER PT J AU Harbor, AL Martin, MA Akridge, JT AF Harbor, Anetra L. Martin, Marshall A. Akridge, Jay T. TI Assessing Input Brand Loyalty among US Agricultural Producers SO INTERNATIONAL FOOD AND AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW LA English DT Article DE brand loyalty; dealer loyalty; capital inputs; expendable inputs; farmer purchase decisions AB This study explores the prevalence and determinants of brand loyalty for agricultural input products. Results suggest that loyalty for both expendable and capital inputs is high among commercial agricultural producers in the United States. Producer attitudes, beliefs, and some demographic characteristics are useful identifiers of brand loyalty among commercial producers. C1 [Akridge, Jay T.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Ctr Food & Agr Business, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Harbor, Anetra L.] USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Martin, Marshall A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Coll Agr, Agr Res Program, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Akridge, JT (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agr Econ, Ctr Food & Agr Business, 403 W State St,Krannert Bldg,Room 782, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM alh@obpa.usda.gov; marshallmartin@purdue.edu; akridge@purdue.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT FOOD & AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT REVIEW PI COLLEGE STATION PA 333 BLOCKER BUILDING, 2124 TAMU, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-2124 USA SN 1559-2448 J9 INT FOOD AGRIBUS MAN JI Int. Food Agribus. Manag. Rev. PY 2008 VL 11 IS 1 BP 17 EP 33 PG 17 WC Agricultural Economics & Policy SC Agriculture GA V20NB UT WOS:000208145600002 ER PT J AU Jiang, Z Michal, JJ Tobey, DJ Wang, Z MacNeil, MD Magnuson, NS AF Jiang, Zhihua Michal, Jennifer J. Tobey, David J. Wang, Zeping MacNeil, Michael D. Magnuson, Nancy S. TI Comparative understanding of UTS2 and UTS2R genes for their involvement in type 2 diabetes mellitus SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE type 2 diabetes mellitus; UTS2; UTS2R; skeletal fat accumulation; fatty acid composition ID UROTENSIN-II RECEPTOR; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; MUSCLE; OBESITY; GPR14 AB Several reports have shown that urotensin 2 (UTS2) and its receptor (UTS2R) are involved in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance, which lead to development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in humans. In the present study, we annotated both bovine UTS2 and UTS2R genes and identified 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for the former gene and 14 mutations for the latter gene. Four mutations were genotyped on a Wagyu x Limousin reference population, including 6 F-1 bulls, 113 F-1 dams and similar to 250 F-2 progeny. Among 12 phenotypes related to fat deposition and fatty acid composition, we observed that the UTS2 gene was significantly associated with the amount of skeletal saturated fatty acids, while its receptor (UTS2R) gene had significant effects on amounts of saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, Delta(9) desaturase activity for converting 16:0 into 16:1, muscle fat (marbling) score and Longissimus Dorsi muscle area. However, in this population, these markers were not associated with subcutaneous fat depth or percent kidney, pelvic and heart fat. We also found that mutations in the promoter regions altered the promoter activities in both genes and coding SNPs might affect the mRNA stability in the UTS2R gene. Overall, our present study provides the first evidence that both UTS2 and UTS2R genes regulate skeletal muscle fat accumulation and fatty acid metabolism, thus indicating their potential pathological functions related to obesity and T2DM in humans. C1 [Jiang, Zhihua; Michal, Jennifer J.; Tobey, David J.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wang, Zeping; Magnuson, Nancy S.] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [MacNeil, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Jiang, Z (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jiangz@wsu.edu RI Jiang, Zhihua/A-3378-2008; MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 OI Jiang, Zhihua/0000-0003-1986-088X; FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA104470, R01CA104470] NR 19 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-2288 J9 INT J BIOL SCI JI Int. J. Biol. Sci. PY 2008 VL 4 IS 2 BP 96 EP 102 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 312FU UT WOS:000256655300005 PM 18463714 ER PT J AU Jiang, ZH Michal, JJ Tobey, DJ Daniels, TF Rule, DC MacNeil, MD AF Jiang, Zhihua Michal, Jennifer J. Tobey, David J. Daniels, Tyler F. Rule, Daniel C. MacNeil, Michael D. TI Significant associations of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) gene with fat deposition and composition in skeletal muscle SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE SCD1; SNPs; association; fat deposition; fatty acid composition ID COENZYME-A DESATURASE; ACID-COMPOSITION; POLYMORPHISMS; EXPRESSION; PROMOTER; CATTLE; MEAT; METABOLISM; JAPANESE; FATNESS AB Gene expression studies in humans and animals have shown that elevated stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) activity is associated with increased fat accumulation and monounsaturation of saturated fatty acids in skeletal muscle. However, results of the two reported association studies in humans are inconsistent. In the present study, we annotated the bovine SCD1 gene and identified 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) in its 3' untranslated region (UTR). Genotyping these SNPs on a Wagyu x Limousin reference population revealed that the SCD1 gene was significantly associated with six fat deposition and fatty acid composition traits in skeletal muscle, but not with subcutaneous fat depth and percent kidney-pelvic-heart fat. In particular, we confirmed that the high stearoyl-CoA desaturase activities/alleles were positively correlated with beef marbling score, amount of monounsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid content, but negatively with amount of saturated fatty acids. The inconsistent associations between human studies might be caused by using different sets of markers because we observed that most associated markers are located near the end of 3' UTR. We found that the proximity of the polyadenylation signal site is highly conserved among human, cattle and pig, indicating that the region might contain functional elements involved in posttranscriptional control of SCD1 activity. In conclusion, our cross species study provided solid evidence to support SCD1 gene as a critical player in skeletal muscle fat metabolism. C1 [Jiang, Zhihua; Michal, Jennifer J.; Tobey, David J.; Daniels, Tyler F.] Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Rule, Daniel C.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Anim Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [MacNeil, Michael D.] USDA ARS, Ft Keogh Livestock & Range Res Lab, Miles City, MT 59301 USA. RP Jiang, Z (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jiangz@wsu.edu RI Jiang, Zhihua/A-3378-2008; MacNeil, Michael/A-6772-2009 OI Jiang, Zhihua/0000-0003-1986-088X; FU Merial Ltd. Animal Genomics Research; Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center FX This work was supported by Merial Ltd. Animal Genomics Research Fund to Z.J. This activity was also funded, in part, with an Emerging Research Issues Internal Competitive Grant from the Washington State University, College of Agricultural, Human, and Natural Resource Sciences, Agricultural Research Center to Z.J. NR 23 TC 37 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 9 PU IVYSPRING INT PUBL PI LAKE HAVEN PA PO BOX 4546, LAKE HAVEN, NSW 2263, AUSTRALIA SN 1449-2288 J9 INT J BIOL SCI JI Int. J. Biol. Sci. PY 2008 VL 4 IS 6 BP 345 EP 351 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 367FH UT WOS:000260537400002 PM 18825276 ER PT J AU Wylie, BK Zhang, L Bliss, N Ji, L Tieszen, LL Jolly, WM AF Wylie, B. K. Zhang, L. Bliss, N. Ji, L. Tieszen, L. L. Jolly, W. M. TI Integrating modelling and remote sensing to identify ecosystem performance anomalies in the boreal forest, Yukon River Basin, Alaska SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE climate change; anomaly; performance; boreal; Alaska; Yukon River ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; SUB-ARCTIC VEGETATION; SATELLITE DATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INTERIOR ALASKA; TIME-SERIES; RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; FIRE DISTURBANCE; UNITED-STATES AB High-latitude ecosystems are exposed to more pronounced warming effects than other parts of the globe. We develop a technique to monitor ecological changes in a way that distinguishes climate influences from disturbances. In this study, we account for climatic influences on Alaskan boreal forest performance with a data-driven model. We defined ecosystem performance anomalies (EPA) using the residuals of the model and made annual maps of EPA. Most areas (88%) did not have anomalous ecosystem performance for at least 6 of 8 years between 1996 and 2004. Areas with underperforming EPA (10%) often indicate areas associated with recent fires and areas of possible insect infestation or drying soil related to permafrost degradation. Overperforming areas (2%) occurred in older fire recovery areas where increased deciduous vegetation components are expected. The EPA measure was validated with composite burn index data and Landsat vegetation indices near and within burned areas. C1 [Wylie, B. K.; Zhang, L.; Bliss, N.; Ji, L.] USGS EROS Ctr, SAIC, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Jolly, W. M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Wylie, BK (reprint author), USGS EROS Ctr, SAIC, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM wylie@usgs.gov RI Wylie, Bruce/H-3182-2014 OI Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083 NR 81 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PY 2008 VL 1 IS 2 BP 196 EP 220 DI 10.1080/17538940802038366 PG 25 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA 497UL UT WOS:000270088300002 ER PT J AU Abughoush, M Al-Mahasneh, M Samhouri, M Al-Holy, M Herald, T AF Abughoush, Mahmoud Al-Mahasneh, Majdi Samhouri, Murad Al-Holy, Murad Herald, Thomas TI Formulation and Fuzzy Modeling of Viscosity of an Orange-Flavored Carboxymethylcellulose-Whey Protein Isolate Beverage SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE beverage formulations; whey protein isolate (WPI); carboxymethylcellulose (CMC); apparent viscosity; fuzzy modeling AB The aim of this study was to employ whey proteins isolate (WPI) and carboxymethylcelulose (CMC) as stabilizers in beverage production and to evaluate viscosity of the products. Three beverages were formulated using 6% WPI combined with three different concentrations of CMC (0.1, 0.5, and 1%). The combination of 6% WPI/1.0% CMC was selected and added to three different ratios of pure orange juice (50: 50 "T1," 40: 60 "T2," and 15: 85 "T3"). The apparent viscosity decreased as shear rate and temperature increased. Additionally, the apparent viscosity for the same treatment at certain shear rate/same temperature increased after storage. In addition, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was used to model and identify the viscosity of the resulted beverages. Experimental validation runs were conducted to compare the measured values and the predicted ones. ANFIS models achieved an average prediction error of viscosity of only 9%. It is believed that this approach can be applied to predict many other parameters and properties in beverage industry. C1 [Abughoush, Mahmoud; Samhouri, Murad; Al-Holy, Murad] Hashemite Univ, Zarqa, Jordan. [Al-Mahasneh, Majdi] Jordan Univ Sci & Technol, Irbid, Jordan. [Herald, Thomas] USDA, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Abughoush, M (reprint author), Hashemite Univ, Zarqa, Jordan. EM abulaith@hu.edu.jo; mmajdi@just.edu.jo; samhouri@hu.edu.jo; murad@hu.edu.jo; tom.herald@ars.usda.gov FU Hashemite University FX The authors are so grateful to The Hashemite University for providing the financial support to carry out this study. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS PI BERKELEY PA 2809 TELEGRAPH AVENUE, STE 202, BERKELEY, CA 94705 USA SN 1556-3758 J9 INT J FOOD ENG JI Int. J. Food Eng. PY 2008 VL 4 IS 7 AR 12 DI 10.2202/1556-3758.1496 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA V10KJ UT WOS:000207462600009 ER PT J AU Ma, HL Pan, ZL Gao, MX Luo, L AF Ma Haile Pan, Zhongli Gao, Mengxiang Luo, Lin TI Efficacy in Microbial Sterilization of Pulsed Magnetic Field Treatment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE magnetic field; pulse; sterilization; window effect AB Sterilization effects of the pulsed magnetic field with a maximum intensity of 11.37 Tesla were investigated on Escherichia coli AS 1.129, Staphylococcus aureus AS 1.89, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATTC 7552 and Bacillus subtilis AS 1.921. The well-regulated fluctuations of sterilization effects with magnetic field intensity and pulse number were observed, and can be described by the "window effect" of magnetic fields and provide a better explanation of the inconsistent results of PMF sterilization in published literature. Sensibility of bacteria on the pulsed magnetic field significantly depends on a variety of microorganisms. Sterilization effects of a flowing sample were better than that of static samples. C1 [Ma Haile; Luo, Lin] Jiangsu Univ, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Ma Haile] Henan Univ Sci & Technol, Luoyang, Peoples R China. [Pan, Zhongli] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Pan, Zhongli] USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Ma, HL (reprint author), Jiangsu Univ, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM mhl@ujs.edu.cn; zl-pan@ucdavis.edu; mxgao0398@sohu.com; luolin@ujs.edu.cn FU National 863 Plan of China (Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China) [2007AA100405] FX The authors would like to acknowledge the grant (2007AA100405) by the Key Project of National 863 Plan of China (Hi-Tech Research and Development Program of China). NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 19 PU BERKELEY ELECTRONIC PRESS PI BERKELEY PA 2809 TELEGRAPH AVENUE, STE 202, BERKELEY, CA 94705 USA SN 1556-3758 J9 INT J FOOD ENG JI Int. J. Food Eng. PY 2008 VL 4 IS 4 AR 15 DI 10.2202/1556-3758.1177 PG 16 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA V10EE UT WOS:000207446500006 ER PT J AU Brinley, TA Truong, VD Coronel, P Simunovic, J Sandeep, KP AF Brinley, T. A. Truong, V. D. Coronel, P. Simunovic, J. Sandeep, K. P. TI Dielectric properties of sweet potato purees at 915 MHZ as affected by temperature and chemical composition SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES LA English DT Article DE sweet potatoes; purees; nutritional constituents; microwave heating; dielectric properties; predictive equations ID MASHED POTATOES; MICROWAVE; STARCH; PASTEURIZATION; STERILIZATION; VISCOSITY; CULTIVARS; RELEVANT; SURIMI; FOODS AB A process for rapid sterilization and aseptic packaging of sweet potato puree using a continuous flow microwave system operating at 915 MHz has been successfully developed. In microwave processing, dielectric properties have a major role in determining the interaction between purees and the electromagnetic energy. The objective of this research was to determine how dielectric properties are affected by temperature and chemical composition of purees derived from thirteen sweet potato cultivars with varying flesh colors. Results indicated that temperature, moisture, sugar and starch content had a pronounced effect (p < 0.001) on dielectric properties measured from 15 degrees C to 145 degrees C at 915 MHz. Dielectric constant decreased with increasing temperature, while dielectric loss factor increased quadratically. Power penetration depth of all cultivars decreased with increasing temperature. Predictive equations were developed for dielectric constant (R(2) = 0.82) and dielectric loss factor (R(2) = 0.90) as a function of temperature, moisture, sugar, and starch. The predictive equations would be useful in determining the dielectric properties of sweet potato purees for the microwave processing technology. C1 [Brinley, T. A.; Truong, V. D.; Coronel, P.; Simunovic, J.; Sandeep, K. P.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Truong, VD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, SAA Food Sci Res Unit, Dept Food Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM den.truong@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1094-2912 J9 INT J FOOD PROP JI Int. J. Food Prop. PD JAN-MAR PY 2008 VL 11 IS 1 BP 158 EP 172 DI 10.1080/10942910701284291 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 268LR UT WOS:000253581800014 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Moreno, C Kimler, VA Cordts, FL Cady, JA Weller, MA Dumper, JW Williams, P Pink, FE Rasmussen, HM Jimenez-Escrig, A Martin, A Joseph, JA Marks, CRC AF Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion Kimler, Victoria A. Cordts, Francie L. Cady, Jayne A. Weller, Mary A. Dumper, Jaymi W. Williams, Paulette Pink, Frank E. Rasmussen, Helen M. Jimenez-Escrig, Antonio Martin, Antonio Joseph, James A. Marks, Charles R. C. TI Effect of a blueberry nutritional supplement on macronutrients, food group intake, and plasma vitamin E and vitamin C in US athletes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE blueberry antioxidants; food selection assessment; endurance exercise ID VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SERUM ANTIOXIDANT STATUS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; FRUIT; GLUCOSE; BRAIN; QUESTIONNAIRE; ANTHOCYANIN; CONSUMPTION; ASPARTAME AB Antioxidants from a blueberry beverage may impact plasma vitamins. We examined vitamins/food selection in 12 college athletes during 30 days compared with placebo. Blood was collected before and after exercise at the beginning of the study (day 1) and then after a 30-day period of taking a daily supplemental beverage (day 30). The six trials involved blood that was drawn pre-beverage ingestion/pre-exercise (trials 1 and 4), post-beverage ingestion/pre-exercise (trials 2 and 5), and post-beverage ingestion/1 h post-exercise (trials 3 and 6), on day 1 (trials 1, 2, and 3) and day 30 (trials 4, 5, and 6). Analysis of variance revealed non-significant differences for macronutrient or gamma-tocopherol and vitamin C intakes by food frequency questionnaire or plasma vitamins by liquid chromatography. There was a trend (P=0.083) in the grouptime interaction for alpha-tocopherol intake by repeated-measures analysis of variance. Blueberry alpha-tocopherol (23.91 +/- 9.31 mg) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than placebo alpha-tocopherol intake (7.59 +/- 0.95 mg) on day 1, but not on day 30 (blueberry, -tocopherol=9.04 +/- 2.35 mg, placebo, alpha-tocopherol=11.46 +/- 3.65 mg) by pairwise comparisons. Blueberry supplementation did not affect plasma vitamin concentrations or gamma-tocopherol and vitamin C intakes, and may reduce alpha-tocopherol intake in those starting with a higher alpha-tocopherol intake, yet not altering athletes' eating habits. C1 [Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion; Jimenez-Escrig, Antonio] CSIC, Inst Frio, Dept Plant Food Sci & Technol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Kimler, Victoria A.; Marks, Charles R. C.] Oakland Univ, Program Exercise Sci, Sch Hlth Sci, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Cordts, Francie L.] Univ Detroit Mercy, Coll Hlth Profess, Dept Phys Assistant Studies, Detroit, MI 48221 USA. [Cady, Jayne A.; Williams, Paulette] Univ Detroit Mercy, Coll Hlth Profess, McAuley Sch Nursing, Detroit, MI 48221 USA. [Weller, Mary A.] Oakland Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, Dept Med Lab Sci, Rochester, MI 48063 USA. [Dumper, Jaymi W.] Univ Detroit Mercy, Coll Hlth Profess, Dept Sports Med, Detroit, MI 48221 USA. [Pink, Frank E.] Univ Detroit Mercy, Sch Dent, Detroit, MI 48221 USA. [Rasmussen, Helen M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Metab Res Unit, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Martin, Antonio; Joseph, James A.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Neurosci Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Sanchez-Moreno, C (reprint author), CSIC, Inst Frio, Dept Plant Food Sci & Technol, Jose Antonio Novais 10,Ciudad Univ, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM csanchezm@if.csic.es RI Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion/N-6798-2013; Jimenez-Escrig, Antonio/H-8898-2015 OI Sanchez-Moreno, Concepcion/0000-0002-2341-9328; Jimenez-Escrig, Antonio/0000-0002-6438-2031 NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0963-7486 EI 1465-3478 J9 INT J FOOD SCI NUTR JI Int. J. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 2008 VL 59 IS 4 BP 327 EP 338 DI 10.1080/09637480701550176 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 291TY UT WOS:000255220900005 PM 17852477 ER PT J AU Ploeg, MV Mancino, L Lin, BH Guthrie, J AF Ploeg, Michele Ver Mancino, Lisa Lin, Biing-Hwan Guthrie, Joanne TI US Food assistance programs and trends in children's weight SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OBESITY LA English DT Article DE childhood obesity; body mass index (BMI); food assistance programs ID OVERWEIGHT; OBESITY; GIRLS AB Objectives. High rates of overweight and obesity among low-income children have led some to question whether participation in US domestic food assistance programs contributes to this health problem. We use multiple years of data to examine trends in children's body weight and participation in the Food Stamp Program (FSP) or Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Specifically, we assess whether a consistent relationship between program participation and body weight exists over time. Methods. Data from multiple waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) are used to examine the relationship between children's body weight and food assistance programs between 1976 and 2002. Linear regression models are used to estimate BMI and logit models are used to predict the probabilities of at-risk of overweight and overweight. Food assistance program participants (either FSP or WIC participants depending on age) are compared with income eligible non-participants and higher income children. Results. Results show no systematic relationship over time between FSP participation and weight status for school-aged children (age 5-17). For children aged 2-4, no differences in weight status between WIC participants and eligible non-participants were found. However, recent data show some differences between WIC participants and higher income children. Conclusions. Our analysis does not find evidence of a consistent relationship between childhood obesity and participation in the FSP or WIC programs. C1 [Ploeg, Michele Ver; Mancino, Lisa; Lin, Biing-Hwan; Guthrie, Joanne] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Ploeg, MV (reprint author), USDA, Econ Res Serv, 1800 M St,NW Room 2087, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM sverploeg@ers.usda.gov NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1747-7166 J9 INT J PEDIATR OBES JI Int. J. Pediatr. Obes. PY 2008 VL 3 IS 1 BP 22 EP 30 DI 10.1080/17477160701520231 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 292FH UT WOS:000255251400002 ER PT J AU Tybor, DJ Lichtenstein, AH Dallal, GE Must, A AF Tybor, David J. Lichtenstein, Alice H. Dallal, Gerard E. Must, Aviva TI Waist-to-height ratio is correlated with height in US children and adolescents aged 2-18 years SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC OBESITY LA English DT Article DE obesity; growth; anthropometry; body fat distribution; waist circumference; waist-to-height ratio ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; BODY-MASS INDEX; CIRCUMFERENCE PERCENTILES; ADIPOSITY; CHILDHOOD; OBESITY AB The waist-to-height ratio is an anthropometric measure of central adiposity that has emerged as a significant predictor of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children and adolescents. However, the simple waist-to-height ratio retains residual correlation with height, which could cause the measure to over- or under-adjust for the effect of height at certain ages. We investigated the dependence of waist-to-height ratio on height in the representative US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. We stratified 11270 subjects aged 2-18 years by age and sex. There was considerable residual correlation between height and the waist-to-height ratio, ranging from -0.29 to 0.36. Thus, simply dividing waist circumference by height (WC/Ht(1)) might not be appropriate to adjust for height during periods of growth. We fitted a log-log regression of waist circumference on height to determine which exponent for height ensures that the log of the ratio is uncorrelated with the log of height, which we call the optimal exponent for WC/Ht(p). This optimal power for height in the age- and sex-specific waist-to-height ratio varies from 0.5 to 2.0, with similar patterns for males and females. The value peaks at age 8, and is close to 1 at age 18. Future research should investigate how this affects relationships between central adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk factors across these ages, and how using a power other than 1 might reduce bias and improve precision. C1 [Tybor, David J.] Tufts Univ, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Dallal, Gerard E.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Must, Aviva] Tufts Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Tybor, DJ (reprint author), 136 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM david.tybor@tufts.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL069772-01A1, T32 HL069772, 5T32 HL069772]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P30 DK046200] NR 12 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1747-7166 J9 INT J PEDIATR OBES JI Int. J. Pediatr. Obes. PY 2008 VL 3 IS 3 BP 148 EP 151 DI 10.1080/17477160802068957 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 323ST UT WOS:000257469400003 PM 18608638 ER PT J AU Seamans, TW Helon, DA AF Seamans, Thomas W. Helon, David A. TI Evaluation of an electrified mat as a white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) barrier SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PEST MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE deer; electric mat; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer; wildlife damage management ID UNITED-STATES; WILDLIFE; DENSITY; LOSSES; DAMAGE; FENCE AB White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) pose economic and safety problems for agricultural and transportation industries. We tested an electronic mat to determine if it would reduce deer crossing through fence openings. We measured deer intrusions and corn consumption at five sites with charged mats and five sites with non-charged mats. Weekly intrusions at treated sites decreased an average of 95% from pre-treatment. Weekly intrusions at control sites were reduced 60% during weeks 1 and 2 and increased to 10% reduction by week 6. Weekly corn consumption at treated sites decreased from pretreatment through all treatment weeks. Weekly corn consumption at control sites decreased in weeks 1-4 and 6 but was not different from pre-treatment in week 5. Consumption remained higher than expected at treated sites because deer jumped over or broke through the fence that delineated sites. Based upon the conditions and results of this test, we believe that electrified mats could reduce deer passage through fence openings. C1 Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, NWRC, OFS,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Seamans, TW (reprint author), Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, NWRC, OFS,Ohio Field Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM thomas.w.seamans@aphis.usda.gov NR 40 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-0874 J9 INT J PEST MANAGE JI Int. J. Pest Manage. PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 89 EP 94 DI 10.1080/09670870701549624 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 237TM UT WOS:000251399300012 ER PT J AU Fang, HL Liang, SL Hoogenboom, G Teasdale, J Cavigelli, M AF Fang, Hongliang Liang, Shunlin Hoogenboom, Gerrit Teasdale, John Cavigelli, Michel TI Corn-yield estimation through assimilation of remotely sensed data into the CSM-CERES-Maize model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID SENSING DATA ASSIMILATION; MODIS DATA; SIMULATION-MODELS; GRAIN-YIELD; CROP MODELS; SUGAR-BEET; LEAF-AREA; SOIL; VARIABILITY; CALIBRATION AB One of the applications of crop simulation models is to estimate crop yield during the current growing season. Several studies have tried to integrate crop simulation models with remotely sensed data through data-assimilation methods. This approach has the advantage of allowing reinitialization of model parameters with remotely sensed observations to improve model performance. In this study, the Cropping System Model-CERES-Maize was integrated with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) leaf area index (LAI) products for estimating corn yield in the state of Indiana, USA. This procedure, inversion of crop simulation model, facilitates several different user input modes and outputs a series of agronomic and biophysical parameters, including crop yield. The estimated corn yield in 2000 compared reasonably well with the US Department of Agriculture National Agricultural Statistics Service statistics for most counties. Using the seasonal LAI in the optimization procedure produced the best results compared with only the green-up LAIs or the highest LAI values. Planting, emergence and maturation dates, and N fertilizer application rates were also estimated at a regional level. Further studies will include investigating model uncertainties and using other MODIS products, such as the enhanced vegetation index. C1 [Fang, Hongliang; Liang, Shunlin] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hoogenboom, Gerrit] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Teasdale, John; Cavigelli, Michel] USDA ARS, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fang, HL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM hfang@geog.umd.edu RI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/F-3946-2010; liang, shunlin/C-2809-2015 OI Hoogenboom, Gerrit/0000-0002-1555-0537; NR 43 TC 60 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 29 IS 10 BP 3011 EP 3032 DI 10.1080/01431160701408386 PG 22 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 294YI UT WOS:000255441800013 ER PT J AU Melesse, AM Frank, A Nangia, V Hanson, J AF Melesse, Assefa M. Frank, Al Nangia, Vijay Hanson, Jon TI Analysis of energy fluxes and land surface parameters in a grassland ecosystem: a remote sensing perspective SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; CARBON-DIOXIDE FLUXES; PARTIAL CANOPY COVER; SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS; SOIL CARBON; SENSED DATA; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; BASIN; TEMPERATURES; RESTORATION AB A remote sensing-based land surface characterization and flux estimation study was conducted using Landsat data from 1997 to 2003 on two grazing land experimental sites located at the Agricultural Research Services (ARS), Mandan, North Dakota. Spatially distributed surface energy fluxes [net radiation (R-n), soil heat flux (G), sensible heat (H), latent heat (LE)] and surface parameters [emissivity (epsilon), albedo (alpha), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and surface temperature (T-sur)] were estimated and mapped at a pixel level from Landsat images and weather information using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) procedure as a function of grazing land management: heavily grazed (HGP) and moderately grazed pastures (MGP). Energy fluxes and land surface parameters were mapped and comparisons were made between the two sites. Over the study period, H, epsilon and T-sur from HGP were higher by 6.7%, 18.2% and 2.9% than in MGP, respectively. The study also showed that G, LE and NDVI were higher by 1.3%, 1.6% and 7.4% for MGP than in HGP, respectively. The results of this study are beneficial in understanding the trends of land surface parameters, energy and water fluxes as a function of land management. C1 [Melesse, Assefa M.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Frank, Al; Hanson, Jon] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Nangia, Vijay] Univ N Dakota, Upper Midw Consortium, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. [Melesse, Assefa M.] Univ N Dakota, Sch Aerosp Sci, UMAC, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Melesse, AM (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Environm Studies, Miami, FL 33199 USA. EM melessea@fiu.edu RI Melesse, Assefa/F-9931-2013 OI Melesse, Assefa/0000-0003-4724-9367 NR 31 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 29 IS 11 BP 3325 EP 3341 DI 10.1080/01431160701442153 PG 17 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 308JR UT WOS:000256386200016 ER PT J AU Gowda, PH Howell, TA Evett, SR Chavez, JL New, L AF Gowda, Prasanna H. Howell, T. A. Evett, S. R. Chavez, J. L. New, L. TI Remote sensing of contrasting tillage practices in the Texas Panhandle SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID CROP RESIDUE COVER; SOIL; LOSSES; RUNOFF; CORN; SEDIMENT; SYSTEMS; IMAGERY; MODELS AB Tillage information is crucial in environmental modelling as it has a direct impact on water holding capacity, evapotranspiration, carbon sequestration and water quality. In this study, a set of Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)-based linear logistic models were developed for mapping tillage practices and verified with an independent dataset. For data collection purposes, 35 and 41 commercial fields were randomly selected in Moore and Ochiltree counties, respectively, in the Texas Panhandle. Tillage survey was planned and conducted to coincide with Landsat 5 satellite overpasses during the 2005 planting season and two TM scenes were acquired. Using the Moore County dataset, seven logistic regression models were developed and these were evaluated with the data collected from Ochiltree County. The overall classification accuracy of the models varied from 86% to 91% with the Moore County dataset. These models were evaluated against independent Ochiltree County dataset and resulted in somewhat less accurate (classification accuracy of 67-85%) but still useful results. Analysis of these results indicates that logistic regression models that have indices derived from the combination of TM band 5 with bands 4 or 6 may provide consistent and acceptably accurate results when they are applied in the same geographic region. C1 [Gowda, Prasanna H.; Howell, T. A.; Evett, S. R.; Chavez, J. L.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [New, L.] Texas A&M Univ, Amarillo, TX 79106 USA. RP Gowda, PH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM pgowda@cprl.ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 29 IS 12 BP 3477 EP 3487 DI 10.1080/01431160701581810 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 302WB UT WOS:000255999500006 ER PT J AU Liu, W Song, C Schroeder, TA Cohen, WB AF Liu, W. Song, C. Schroeder, T. A. Cohen, W. B. TI Predicting forest successional stages using multitemporal Landsat imagery with forest inventory and analysis data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; THEMATIC MAPPER IMAGERY; NEURAL-NETWORK; CARBON STORAGE; UNITED-STATES; STAND AGE; TM DATA; CLASSIFICATION; PATTERNS; GROWTH AB Forest succession is an important ecological process that has profound biophysical, biological and biogeochemical implications in terrestrial ecosystems. Therefore, information on forest successional stages over an extensive forested landscape is crucial for us to understand ecosystem processes, such as carbon assimilation and energy interception. This study explored the potential of using Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plot data to extract forest successional stage information from remotely sensed imagery with three widely used predictive models, linear regression (LR), decision trees (DTs) and neural networks (NNs). The predictive results in this study agree with previous findings that multitemporal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery can improve the accuracy of forest successional stage prediction compared to models using a single image. Because of the overlap of spectral signatures of forests in different successional stages, it is difficult to accurately separate forest successional stages into more than three broad age classes (young, mature and old) with reasonable accuracy based on the age information of FIA plots and the spectral data of the plots from Landsat TM imagery. Given the mixed spectral response of forest age classes, new approaches need to be explored to improve the prediction of forest successional stages using FIA data. C1 [Liu, W.] Univ Toledo, Dept Geog & Planning, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Song, C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Schroeder, T. A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cohen, W. B.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Liu, W (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Geog & Planning, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. EM dliu@utnet.utoledo.edu RI Song, Conghe/E-3087-2016 OI Song, Conghe/0000-0002-4099-4906 NR 52 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 29 IS 13 BP 3855 EP 3872 DI 10.1080/01431160701840166 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 317QH UT WOS:000257034200011 ER PT J AU Pu, RL Gong, P Tian, Y Miao, X Carruthers, RI Anderson, GL AF Pu, Ruiliang Gong, Peng Tian, Yong Miao, Xin Carruthers, Raymond I. Anderson, Gerald L. TI Using classification and NDVI differencing methods for monitoring sparse vegetation coverage: a case study of saltcedar in Nevada, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID DIGITAL CHANGE DETECTION; LANDSAT TM DATA; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; FOREST; ECOSYSTEM; ALGORITHMS; MORTALITY; AREA AB A change detection experiment for an invasive species, saltcedar, near Lovelock, Nevada, was conducted with multidate Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) hyperspectral datasets. Classification and NDVI differencing change detection methods were tested. In the classification strategy, a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on single-date CASI imagery separately in the visible bands and NIR bands. Then the first five PCs from the visible bands and the first five PCs from the NIR bands were used to classify six to eight cover types with a maximum likelihood classifier. A complete matrix of change information and change/no-change maps were produced by overlaying two single-date classification maps. In the NDVI differencing strategy, a linear regression model was developed between two Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) images to normalize the index differences caused by factors not related to land cover change. Then the actual time 2 NDVI image was subtracted by the predicted time 2 NDVI image to obtain the differencing image. The NDVI differencing image was further processed with a new threshold method into change/no-change of saltcedar. By testing the single-date classification results and validating the change/no-change results, both change detection results indicated that CASI hyperspectral data have the potential to map and monitor the change of saltcedar. However, the accuracy assessment and change/no-change validation results (overall accuracy 91.56% and kappa value 0.618 for the classification method against corresponding values of 93.04% and 0.684 for the NDVI differencing method) indicate that the NDVI differencing method outperformed the classification method in this particular study. In addition, use of the new method of determining thresholds for differentiating change pixels from no-change pixels from the NDVI differencing image improved the change detection accuracy compared to a traditional method (kappa value increased from 0.813 to 0.888 from a test sample). Therefore, according to the criteria of higher accuracy of change/no-change maps and fewer spectral bands, the NDVI differencing method is recommended for use if a suitable spectral normalization between multi-temporal images can be carried out before performing image differencing. C1 [Pu, Ruiliang] Univ S Florida, Dept Geog, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Gong, Peng] Univ Calif Berkeley, CAMFER, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Tian, Yong] Univ Massachusetts, Environm Earth & Ocean Sci Dept, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Miao, Xin] Missouri State Univ, Dept Geog Geol & Planning, Springfield, MO 65897 USA. [Carruthers, Raymond I.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Anderson, Gerald L.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Pu, RL (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Geog, 4202 E Fowler Ave,NES 107, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. EM rpu@cas.usf.edu RI Tian, Yong/A-6793-2010 NR 34 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 34 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 29 IS 14 BP 3987 EP 4011 DI 10.1080/01431160801908095 PG 25 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 317QN UT WOS:000257034800001 ER PT J AU Song, C Dickinson, MB AF Song, C. Dickinson, M. B. TI Extracting forest canopy structure from spatial information of high resolution optical imagery: tree crown size versus leaf area index SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID PHOTOSYNTHETICALLY ACTIVE RADIATION; REMOTELY-SENSED IMAGERY; BOREAL CONIFER FORESTS; VEGETATION INDEXES; REFLECTANCE MODEL; TEXTURE ANALYSIS; SATELLITE DATA; ETM PLUS; IKONOS; LAI AB Leaves are the primary interface where energy, water and carbon exchanges occur between the forest ecosystems and the atmosphere. Leaf area index (LAI) is a measure of the amount of leaf area in a stand, and the tree crown size characterizes how leaves are clumped in the canopy. Both LAI and tree crown size are of essential ecological and management value. There is a lot of interest in extracting both canopy structural parameters from remote sensing. The LAI is generally estimated with spectral information from remotely sensed images at relatively coarse spatial resolution. There has been much less success in estimating tree crown size with remote sensing. The recent availability of abundant high spatial resolution imagery from space offers new potential for extracting LAI and tree crown size, particularly in the spatial domain. This study found that the spatial information in Ikonos imagery is highly valuable in estimating both tree crown size and LAI. When the conifer- and hardwood-dominated stands are pooled, tree crown sizes of conifer stands relate best to the ratio of image variance at 2x2m spatial resolution to that at 3x3m spatial resolution, while LAI relates best to image variance at 4x4m spatial resolution. When the conifer- and hardwood-dominated stands are separated, image spatial information estimates tree crown size much better for conifer-dominated stands than for the hardwood-dominated stands, while the relationship between image spatial information and LAI is strengthened after the two types of stands are combined. Tree crown size is more sensitive to image spatial resolution than LAI. Image variance is more useful in estimating LAI than normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and simple ratio vegetation index (SRVI). Combining both spatial and spectral information provides some improvement in estimating LAI compared with using spatial information alone. Therefore, future efforts to estimate canopy structure with high resolution imagery should also use image spatial information. C1 [Song, C.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. [Dickinson, M. B.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Delaware, OH 43015 USA. RP Song, C (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog, CB 3220,205 Saunders Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. EM csong@email.unc.edu RI Song, Conghe/E-3087-2016; OI Song, Conghe/0000-0002-4099-4906; Dickinson, Matthew/0000-0003-3635-1219 FU NSF [0351430]; USDA Forest Service Agenda; NASA [NNX06AE28G] FX This research was partly supported by NSF grant 0351430, USDA Forest Service Agenda 2020 and NASA grant NNX06AE28G. The initial manuscript was completed while C. S. was a Charles Bullard Fellow in Forest Research at Harvard Forest, Harvard University from 01 September 2005 to 31 May 2006. The authors acknowledge the assistance from three undergraduate interns for field data collection during the summer of 2005: Ms Andrea Nifong, Ms Elizabeth Ward and Mr Bo Xiao. NR 43 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 29 IS 19 BP 5605 EP 5622 DI 10.1080/01431160802060904 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 350PS UT WOS:000259366200011 ER PT J AU Bartlein, PJ Hostetler, SW Shafer, SL Holman, JO Solomon, AM AF Bartlein, P. J. Hostetler, S. W. Shafer, S. L. Holman, J. O. Solomon, A. M. TI Temporal and spatial structure in a daily wildfire-start data set from the western United States (1986-96) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE annual cycle of fires; fire incidence; Hovmoller diagram; human-caused fires; lightning-caused fires; time-space plots; time-space variation; US National Fire Occurrence Database; wildfire outbreaks ID WILDLAND FIRE AB The temporal and spatial structure of 332 404 daily fire-start records from the western United States for the period 1986 through 1996 is illustrated using several complimentary visualisation techniques. We supplement maps and time series plots with Hovmoller diagrams that reduce the spatial dimensionality of the daily data in order to reveal the underlying space-time structure. The mapped distributions of all lightning- and human-started fires during the 11-year interval show similar first-order patterns that reflect the broad-scale distribution of vegetation across the West and the annual cycle of climate. Lightning-started fires are concentrated in the summer half-year and occur in widespread outbreaks that last a few days and reflect coherent weather-related controls. In contrast, fires started by humans occur throughout the year and tend to be concentrated in regions surrounding large-population centres or intensive-agricultural areas. Although the primary controls of human-started fires are their location relative to burnable fuel and the level of human activity, spatially coherent, weather-related variations in their incidence can also be noted. C1 [Bartlein, P. J.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geog, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Hostetler, S. W.; Holman, J. O.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Shafer, S. L.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Holman, J. O.] TerraSeer Inc, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. [Solomon, A. M.] USDA, US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA. RP Bartlein, PJ (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Geog, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. EM bartlein@uoregon.edu RI Bartlein, Patrick/E-4643-2011 OI Bartlein, Patrick/0000-0001-7657-5685 NR 14 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 14 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 8 EP 17 DI 10.1071/WF07022 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 263LS UT WOS:000253219200002 ER PT J AU Brown, PM Heyerdahl, EK Kitchen, SG Weber, MH AF Brown, Peter M. Heyerdahl, Emily K. Kitchen, Stanley G. Weber, Marc H. TI Climate effects on historical fires (1630-1900) in Utah SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE crossdating; El Nino-Southern Oscillation; fire scars; Palmer Drought Severity Index; temperature ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PONDEROSA PINE; NORTH-AMERICA; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; TREE RECRUITMENT; FOREST-FIRES; LONG-TERM; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION AB We inferred climate effects on fire occurrence from 1630 to 1900 for a new set of crossdated fire-scar chronologies from 18 forested sites in Utah and one site in eastern Nevada. Years with regionally synchronous fires (31 years with fire at >= 20% of sites) occurred during drier than average summers and years with no fires at any site (100 years) were wetter than average. Antecedent wet summers were associated with regional-fire years in mixed-conifer and ponderosa pine forest types, possibly by affecting fine fuel amount and continuity. NINO3 (an index of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation, ENSO) was significantly low during regional-fire years (La Ninas) and significantly high during non-fire years (El Ninos). NINO3 also was high during years before regional-fire years. Although regional fire years occurred nearly twice as often as expected when NINO3 and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation were both in their cool (negative) phases, this pattern was not statistically significant. Palmer Drought Severity Index was important for fire occurrence in ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer forests across the study area but ENSO forcing was seen only in southeastern sites. Results support findings from previous fire and climate studies, including a possible geographic pivot point in Pacific basin teleconnections at similar to 40 degrees N. C1 [Brown, Peter M.] Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Heyerdahl, Emily K.; Weber, Marc H.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stat, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Kitchen, Stanley G.] US Forest Serv, Shrub Sci Lab, Rocky Mt Res Stat, Provo, UT 84606 USA. RP Brown, PM (reprint author), Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, 2901 Moore Lane, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM pmb@rmtrr.org OI Weber, Marc/0000-0002-9742-4744 NR 49 TC 32 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 12 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 28 EP 39 DI 10.1071/WF07023 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 263LS UT WOS:000253219200004 ER PT J AU Heyerdahl, EK McKenzie, D Daniels, LD Hessl, AE Littell, JS Mantua, NJ AF Heyerdahl, Emily K. McKenzie, Donald Daniels, Lori D. Hessl, Amy E. Littell, Jeremy S. Mantua, Nathan J. TI Climate drivers of regionally synchronous fires in the inland Northwest (1651-1900) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE British Columbia; El Nino-Southern Oscillation; fire scars; Oregon; Pacific Decadal Oscillation; Palmer Drought Severity Index; temperature; Washington ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; FOREST STRUCTURE; INTERIOR WEST; WILDFIRE; VARIABILITY; PATTERNS; USA; AMERICA AB We inferred climate drivers of regionally synchronous surface fires from 1651 to 1900 at 15 sites with existing annually accurate fire-scar chronologies from forests dominated by ponderosa pine or Douglas-fir in the inland Northwest ( interior Oregon, Washington and southern British Columbia). Years with widespread fires (35 years with fire at 7 to 11 sites) had warm spring-summers and warm-dry summers, whereas years with no fires at any site (18 years) had the opposite conditions. Spring climate likely affected the length of the fire season via the effects of snowmelt on soil and fuel moisture, whereas summer climate influenced fuel moisture during the fire season. Climate in prior years was not a significant driver of regionally synchronous surface fires, likely because fuels were generally sufficient for the ignition and spread of such fires in these forests. Fires occurred significantly more often than expected by chance when the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) were both warm phase and less often when they were both cool phase. Interactions between large-scale climate patterns influenced fire synchrony in the inland Northwest because phases of ENSO and PDO were associated with changes in the frequency of warm-dry v. cool-wet spring-summer climate. C1 [Heyerdahl, Emily K.] UDSA For Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stat, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [McKenzie, Donald] UDSA Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stat, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [Daniels, Lori D.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Geog, Vancouver, BC BCVT 1Z2, Canada. [Hessl, Amy E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Littell, Jeremy S.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Mantua, Nathan J.] Univ Washington, Climate Impacts Grp, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Heyerdahl, EK (reprint author), UDSA For Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stat, 5775 US W Highway 10, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM eheyerdahl@fs.fed.us NR 50 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 19 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 40 EP 49 DI 10.1071/WF07024 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 263LS UT WOS:000253219200005 ER PT J AU Taylor, AH Trouet, V Skinner, CN AF Taylor, A. H. Trouet, V. Skinner, C. N. TI Climatic influences on fire regimes in montane forests of the southern Cascades, California, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE American Pacific coast; climatic variation; El Nino-Southern Oscillation; fire ecology; Pacific Decadal Oscillation ID PACIFIC DECADAL OSCILLATION; VOLCANIC-NATIONAL-PARK; NORTHERN SIERRA-NEVADA; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; LAKE TAHOE BASIN; TREE-RINGS; ENSO TELECONNECTIONS; TEMPERATURE PATTERNS; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; UNITED-STATES AB The relationship between climate variability and fire extent was examined in montane and upper montane forests in the southern Cascades. Fire occurrence and extent were reconstructed for seven sites and related to measures of reconstructed climate for the period 1700 to 1900. The climate variables included the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), summer temperature (TEMP), NINO3, a measure of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Fire extent at the site and regional scale was associated with dry and warm conditions in the year of the fire and regional fire extent was not associated with ENSO or PDO for the full period of analysis. The relationship between regional fire extent and climate was not stable over time. The associations of fire extent with PDSI and TEMP were only significant from similar to 1775 onward and the associations were strongest between 1805 and 1855. PDO and fire extent were also associated during the 1805-1855 period, and ENSO was associated with fire extent before 1800, but not after. The interannual and interdecadal variability of the fire response to temperature and drought suggests that increased periods of regional fire activity may occur when high interannual PDSI variation coincides with warm decades. C1 [Taylor, A. H.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Skinner, C. N.] USDA, Serv Ctr, Pacific SW Res Stat, Redding, CA 96002 USA. RP Taylor, AH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM aht1@psu.edu NR 69 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 12 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 60 EP 71 DI 10.1071/WF07033 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 263LS UT WOS:000253219200007 ER PT J AU Massman, WJ Frank, JM Reisch, NB AF Massman, W. J. Frank, J. M. Reisch, N. B. TI Long-term impacts of prescribed burns on soil thermal conductivity and soil heating at a Colorado Rocky Mountain site: a data/model fusion study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire; ponderosa pine; soil heat flux; soil microclimate ID TEMPERATURE; FIRE; MOISTURE AB Heating any soil during a sufficiently intense wild fire or prescribed burn can alter that soil irreversibly, resulting in many significant, and well studied, long-term biological, chemical, and hydrological effects. On the other hand, much less is known about how fire affects the thermal properties and the long-term thermal regime of soils. Such knowledge is important for understanding the nature of the soil's post-fire recovery because plant roots and soil microbes will have to adapt to any changes in the day-to-day thermal regime. This study, which was carried out at Manitou Experimental Forest (a semiarid site in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado, USA), examines three aspects of how fire can affect the long-term (post-fire) thermal energy flow in soils. First, observational evidence is presented that prescribed burns can alter the thermal conductivity of soils to a depth of at least 0.2m without altering its bulk density. Second, data are presented on the thermal properties of ash. (Such data are necessary for understanding and modeling the impact any remaining post-fire ash layer might have on the daily and seasonal flow of thermal energy through the soil.) Third, observational data are presented on the long-term effects that prescribed burns can have on soil surface temperatures. In an effort to quantify long-term changes in the soil temperatures and heat fluxes resulting from fire this study concludes by developing and using an analytical model of the daily and annual cycles of soil heating and cooling, which incorporates observed ( linear variation of) vertical structure of the soil thermal properties and observed changes in the surface temperatures, to synthesise these fire-induced effects. Modeling results suggest that under the dry soil conditions, typical of the experimental forest, the amplitudes of the daily and seasonal cycles of soil heating/cooling in the fire-affected soils will greatly exceed those in the soils unaffected by fire for several months to years following the fire and that these effects propagate to depths exceeding one metre. C1 [Massman, W. J.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Reisch, N. B.] Anadarko Ind, Houston, TX 77002 USA. RP Massman, WJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Forest & Range Expt Stn, 240 W Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM wmassman@fs.fed.us NR 37 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 15 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 131 EP 146 DI 10.1071/WF06118 PG 16 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 263LS UT WOS:000253219200012 ER PT J AU McCaffrey, S Moghaddas, JJ Stephens, SL AF McCaffrey, Sarah Moghaddas, Jason J. Stephens, Scott L. TI Different interest group views of fuels treatments: survey results from fire and fire surrogate treatments in a Sierran mixed conifer forest, California, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE attitudes; group differences; Sierra Nevada; social acceptability; social construction. ID TREE MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; ENVIRONMENT AB The present paper discusses results from a survey about the acceptance of and preferences for fuels treatments of participants following a field tour of the University of California Blodgett Forest Fire and Fire Surrogate Study Site. Although original expectations were that tours would be composed of general members of the public, individual tour groups ultimately were much more specialised, with tours made up of individuals from five distinct groups including foresters, environmentalists, entomologists, the Natural Resource Conservation Service, teachers, and high school or undergraduate students. This proved fortuitous as most studies of 'public' perceptions to date have been of general members of the public and little work has been done assessing the views of groups who may have more specific knowledge or interest in fuels treatments. Such assessment is perhaps long overdue given the importance of understanding characteristics of different audience segments in developing effective outreach programs. Analysis showed that group membership was in fact the key element in differences in survey responses with significant differences found between groups on overall acceptability of treatments, treatment preferences based on different land ownership and management types, and which variables were most important in determining treatment preferences. C1 [McCaffrey, Sarah] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Moghaddas, Jason J.; Stephens, Scott L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP McCaffrey, S (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1033 Univ Pl,Ste 360, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM smccaffrey@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 224 EP 233 DI 10.1071/WF07005 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 289MU UT WOS:000255059400007 ER PT J AU Miller, RF Heyerdahl, EK AF Miller, Richard F. Heyerdahl, Emily K. TI Fine-scale variation of historical fire regimes in sagebrush-steppe and juniper woodland: an example from California, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire history; grassland; Lava Beds National Monument; mountain big sagebrush; ponderosa pine; succession; tree rings; western juniper ID WYOMING BIG SAGEBRUSH; WESTERN JUNIPER; NORTHEASTERN NEVADA; GREAT-BASIN; ENCROACHMENT; PATTERNS; RANGE AB Coarse-scale estimates of fire intervals across the mountain big sagebrush ( Artemisia tridentata spp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle) alliance range from decades to centuries. However, soil depth and texture can affect the abundance and continuity of fine fuels and vary at fine spatial scales, suggesting fire regimes may vary at similar scales. We explored variation in fire frequency across 4000 ha in four plant associations with differing soils in which mountain big sagebrush and western juniper ( Juniperus occidentalis subsp. occidentalis Hook.) were diagnostic or a transitory component. We reconstructed fire frequency from fire-scarred ponderosa pine ( Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) in one association. The other three associations lacked fire-scarred trees so we inferred fire frequency from establishment or death dates of western juniper and a model of the rate of post-fire succession we developed from current vegetation along a chronosequence of time-since-fire. Historical fire frequency varied at fine spatial scales in response to soil-driven variation in fuel abundance and continuity and spanned the range of frequencies currently debated. Fire intervals ranged from decades in areas of deep, productive soils where fine fuels were likely abundant and continuous, to centuries in areas of shallow, coarse soils where fine fuel was likely limited. C1 [Miller, Richard F.] Oregon State Univ, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Heyerdahl, Emily K.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Miller, RF (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, 202 Strand Ag Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM richard.miller@oregonstate.edu NR 56 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 245 EP 254 DI 10.1071/WF07016 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 289MU UT WOS:000255059400009 ER PT J AU Robichaud, PR Wagenbrenner, JW Brown, RE Wohlgemuth, PM Beyers, JL AF Robichaud, P. R. Wagenbrenner, J. W. Brown, R. E. Wohlgemuth, P. M. Beyers, J. L. TI Evaluating the effectiveness of contour-felled log erosion barriers as a post-fire runoff and erosion mitigation treatment in the western United States SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE catchment; LEB; sediment yield; watershed ID NORTH-CENTRAL WASHINGTON; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; HILLSLOPE EROSION; REHABILITATION TREATMENTS; SEDIMENT PRODUCTION; WILDFIRE; FOREST; STREAMFLOW; FIRE; USA AB Between 1998 and 2002, six sites were established immediately after large wildfires in the western United States to determine the effectiveness of contour-felled log erosion barriers in mitigating post-wildfire runoff and erosion. In each pair of matched, burned, and small watersheds ( 1-13 ha), one was treated with contour-felled log erosion barriers and one was left untreated as a control. For 4 to 6 post-fire years, runoff and sediment yields were measured and correlated with rain properties. High-intensity rainfall produced most of the measured runoff and sediment yields except in the southern California site, where long-duration rain events produced most of the runoff and erosion. For small rain events ( less than the 2-year return period for the 10-min duration), the runoff, peak flows, and sediment yields were lower in the treated watersheds than in the control watersheds, but there was no treatment effect for rain events with larger return periods. Improper installation and degradation over time reduced the effectiveness of contour-felled log erosion barriers. Rainfall characteristics and installation procedures should be carefully considered before choosing contour-felled log erosion barriers for post-fire hillslope stabilisation. C1 [Robichaud, P. R.; Wagenbrenner, J. W.; Brown, R. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Wohlgemuth, P. M.; Beyers, J. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Forest Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Robichaud, PR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM probichaud@fs.fed.us RI Wagenbrenner, Joseph/A-6404-2014 NR 48 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 18 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 255 EP 273 DI 10.1071/WF07032 PG 19 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 289MU UT WOS:000255059400010 ER PT J AU Preisler, HK Chen, SC Fujioka, F Benoit, JW Westerling, AL AF Preisler, Haiganoush K. Chen, Shyh-Chin Fujioka, Francis Benoit, John W. Westerling, Anthony L. TI Wildland fire probabilities estimated from weather model-deduced monthly mean fire danger indices SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE FWI; model appraisal; mutual information; NFDRS; semi-parametric logistic regression; spline functions ID REGIONAL SPECTRAL MODEL; SIMULATIONS; RESOLUTION; FORECASTS; RISK AB The National Fire Danger Rating System indices deduced from a regional simulation weather model were used to estimate probabilities and numbers of large fire events on monthly and 1-degree grid scales. The weather model simulations and forecasts are ongoing experimental products from the Experimental Climate Prediction Center at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The monthly average Fosberg Fire Weather Index, deduced from the weather simulation, along with the monthly average Keetch-Byram Drought Index and Energy Release Component, were found to be more strongly associated with large fire events on a monthly scale than any of the other stand-alone fire weather or danger indices. These selected indices were used in the spatially explicit probability model to estimate the number of large fire events. Historic probabilities were also estimated using spatially smoothed historic frequencies of large fire events. It was shown that the probability model using four fire danger indices outperformed the historic model, an indication that these indices have some skill. Geographical maps of the estimated monthly wildland fire probabilities, developed using a combination of four indices, were produced for each year and were found to give reasonable matches to actual fire events. This method paves a feasible way to assess the skill of climate forecast outputs, from a dynamical meteorological model, in forecasting the probability of wildland fire severity with known precision. C1 [Preisler, Haiganoush K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Chen, Shyh-Chin; Fujioka, Francis; Benoit, John W.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Westerling, Anthony L.] Sierra Nevada Res Inst, Merced, CA 95344 USA. RP Preisler, HK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM hpreisler@fs.fed.us NR 30 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 305 EP 316 DI 10.1071/WF06162 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 316HL UT WOS:000256940100001 ER PT J AU Sikkink, PG Keane, RE AF Sikkink, Pamela G. Keane, Robert E. TI A comparison of five sampling techniques to estimate surface fuel loading in montane forests SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fuel inventory; fuel sampling; line intersect; photoload; photo series ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; LINE-INTERSECT; RESIDUE; VOLUME; SIZE AB Designing a fuel-sampling program that accurately and efficiently assesses fuel load at relevant spatial scales requires knowledge of each sample method's strengths and weaknesses. We obtained loading values for six fuel components using five fuel load sampling techniques at five locations in western Montana, USA. The techniques included fixed-area plots, planar intersect, photoloads, a photoload macroplot, and a photo series. For each of the six fuels, we compared (1) the relative differences in load values among techniques and (2) the differences in load between each method and a reference sample. Totals from each method were rated for how much they deviated from totals for the reference in each fuel category. The planar-intersect method, which used 2.50 km of transects, was rated best overall for assessing the six fuels. Bootstrapping showed that at least 1.50 km of transect were needed to obtain estimates that approximate the reference sample. A newly developed photoload method, which compared fuel conditions on the forest floor with sets of pictures calibrated for load by fuel type, compared well with the reference and planar intersect. The commonly used photo series consistently produced higher mean load estimates than any other method for total fine woody debris (0.05-0.20 kg m(-2)) and logs (0.50-1.25 kg m(-2)). C1 [Sikkink, Pamela G.] Syst Environm Management, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. RP Sikkink, PG (reprint author), Syst Environm Management, POB 8868, Missoula, MT 59807 USA. EM pgsikkink@fs.fed.us NR 46 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 13 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 363 EP 379 DI 10.1071/WF07003 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 316HL UT WOS:000256940100006 ER PT J AU Kasischke, ES Turetsky, MR Ottmar, RD French, NHF Hoy, EE Kane, ES AF Kasischke, Eric S. Turetsky, Merritt R. Ottmar, Roger D. French, Nancy H. F. Hoy, Elizabeth E. Kane, Evan S. TI Evaluation of the composite burn index for assessing fire severity in Alaskan black spruce forests SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN BOREAL FOREST; SOIL CO2 FLUX; INTERIOR ALASKA; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS; TREE RECRUITMENT; WILDFIRE; REGENERATION; CLIMATE; PERMAFROST; MOISTURE AB We evaluated the utility of the composite burn index (CBI) for estimating fire severity in Alaskan black spruce forests by comparing data from 81 plots located in 2004 and 2005 fire events. We collected data to estimate the CBI and quantify crown damage, percent of trees standing after the fire, depth of the organic layer remaining after the fire, depth of burning in the surface organic layer (absolute and relative), and the substrate layer exposed by the fire. To estimate pre-fire organic layer depth, we collected data in 15 unburned stands to develop relationships between total organic layer depth and measures of the adventitious root depth above mineral soil and below the surface of the organic layer. We validated this algorithm using data collected in 17 burned stands where pre-fire organic layer depth had been measured. The average total CBI value in the black spruce stands was 2.46, with most of the variation a result of differences in the CBI observed for the substrate layer. While a quadratic equation using the substrate component of CBI was a relatively strong predictor of mineral soil exposure as a result of fire (R-2 = 0.61, P < 0.0001, F = 60.3), low correlations were found between the other measures of fire severity and the CBI (R-2 = 0.00-0.37). These results indicate that the CBI approach has limited potential for quantifying fire severity in these ecosystems, in particular organic layer consumption, which is an important factor to understand how ecosystems will respond to changing climate and fire regimes in northern regions. C1 [Kasischke, Eric S.; Hoy, Elizabeth E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Turetsky, Merritt R.; Kane, Evan S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Turetsky, Merritt R.; Kane, Evan S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ottmar, Roger D.] Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA Forest Serv, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. [French, Nancy H. F.] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI 48113 USA. RP Kasischke, ES (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Geog, 2181 LeFrak Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ekasisch@umd.edu RI Turetsky, Merritt/B-1255-2013; OI French, Nancy/0000-0002-2389-3003 NR 43 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 19 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 4 BP 515 EP 526 DI 10.1071/WF08002 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 334MU UT WOS:000258226700006 ER PT J AU Syphard, AD Radeloff, VC Keuler, NS Taylor, RS Hawbaker, TJ Stewart, SI Clayton, MK AF Syphard, Alexandra D. Radeloff, Volker C. Keuler, Nicholas S. Taylor, Robert S. Hawbaker, Todd J. Stewart, Susan I. Clayton, Murray K. TI Predicting spatial patterns of fire on a southern California landscape SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE fire frequency; fire ignitions; generalised linear model; predictive mapping; wildland-urban interface ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; UNITED-STATES; WILDFIRE RISK; FOREST; USA; MODELS; PROBABILITY; MOUNTAINS; REGIMES; IGNITIONS AB Humans influence the frequency and spatial pattern of fire and contribute to altered fire regimes, but fuel loading is often the only factor considered when planning management activities to reduce fire hazard. Understanding both the human and biophysical landscape characteristics that explain how fire patterns vary should help to identify where fire is most likely to threaten values at risk. We used human and biophysical explanatory variables to model and map the spatial patterns of both fire ignitions and fire frequency in the Santa Monica Mountains, a human-dominated southern California landscape. Most fires in the study area are caused by humans, and our results showed that fire ignition patterns were strongly influenced by human variables. In particular, ignitions were most likely to occur close to roads, trails, and housing development but were also related to vegetation type. In contrast, biophysical variables related to climate and terrain ( January temperature, transformed aspect, elevation, and slope) explained most of the variation in fire frequency. Although most ignitions occur close to human infrastructure, fires were more likely to spread when located farther from urban development. How far fires spread was ultimately related to biophysical variables, and the largest fires in southern California occurred as a function of wind speed, topography, and vegetation type. Overlaying predictive maps of fire ignitions and fire frequency may be useful for identifying high-risk areas that can be targeted for fire management actions. C1 [Syphard, Alexandra D.; Radeloff, Volker C.; Hawbaker, Todd J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Keuler, Nicholas S.; Clayton, Murray K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Taylor, Robert S.] Natl Pk Serv, Santa Monica Mt Natl Recreat Area, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360 USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Syphard, AD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM asyphard@yahoo.com RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station; Pacific Northwest Research Station FX We are grateful to the USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station and the Pacific Northwest Research Station for their support. We also thank the editor, the associate editor, and our anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and recommendations that greatly improved the manuscript. Thanks also to Janet Franklin for her statistical advice. NR 70 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 27 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 5 BP 602 EP 613 DI 10.1071/WF07087 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 357DP UT WOS:000259826800008 ER PT J AU Jimenez, E Hussaini, MY Goodrick, S AF Jimenez, Edwin Hussaini, M. Yousuff Goodrick, Scott TI Quantifying parametric uncertainty in the Rothermel model SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVITY DERIVATIVES; PROPAGATION AB The purpose of the present work is to quantify parametric uncertainty in the Rothermel wildland fire spread model (implemented in software such as BehavePlus3 and FARSITE), which is undoubtedly among the most widely used fire spread models in the United States. This model consists of a non-linear system of equations that relates environmental variables (input parameter groups) such as fuel type, fuel moisture, terrain, and wind to describe the fire environment. This model predicts important fire quantities (output parameters) such as the head rate of spread, spread direction, effective wind speed, and fireline intensity. The proposed method, which we call sensitivity derivative enhanced sampling, exploits sensitivity derivative information to accelerate the convergence of the classical Monte Carlo method. Coupled with traditional variance reduction procedures, it offers up to two orders of magnitude acceleration in convergence, which implies that two orders of magnitude fewer samples are required for a given level of accuracy. Thus, it provides an efficient method to quantify the impact of input uncertainties on the output parameters. C1 [Jimenez, Edwin; Hussaini, M. Yousuff] Florida State Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Dirac Sci Lib, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Goodrick, Scott] USDA Forest Serv Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hussaini, MY (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Sch Computat Sci, Dirac Sci Lib, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. EM myh@scs.fsu.edu RI Goodrick, Scott/A-9957-2009 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 5 BP 638 EP 649 DI 10.1071/WF07070 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 357DP UT WOS:000259826800011 ER PT J AU Liang, JJ Calkin, DE Gebert, KM Venn, TJ Silverstein, RP AF Liang, Jingjing Calkin, Dave E. Gebert, Krista M. Venn, Tyron J. Silverstein, Robin P. TI Factors influencing large wildland fire suppression expenditures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE cost containment; fire economics; geostatistics; hierarchical partitioning; hypothesis test AB There is an urgent and immediate need to address the excessive cost of large fires. Here, we studied large wildland fire suppression expenditures by the US Department of Agriculture Forest Service. Among 16 potential nonmanagerial factors, which represented fire size and shape, private properties, public land attributes, forest and fuel conditions, and geographic settings, we found only fire size and private land had a strong effect on suppression expenditures. When both were accounted for, all the other variables had no significant effect. A parsimonious model to predict suppression expenditures was suggested, in which fire size and private land explained 58% of variation in expenditures. Other things being equal, suppression expenditures monotonically increased with fire size. For the average fire size, expenditures first increased with the percentage of private land within burned area, but as the percentage exceeded 20%, expenditures slowly declined until they stabilised when private land reached 50% of burned area. The results suggested that efforts to contain federal suppression expenditures need to focus on the highly complex, politically sensitive topic of wildfires on private land. C1 [Liang, Jingjing] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Calkin, Dave E.; Gebert, Krista M.] USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Venn, Tyron J.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Silverstein, Robin P.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Liang, JJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Forest Sci, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM j.liang@uaf.edu RI Calkin, David/F-4727-2014; OI Liang, Jingjing/0000-0001-9439-9320 NR 27 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 5 BP 650 EP 659 DI 10.1071/WF07010 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 357DP UT WOS:000259826800012 ER PT J AU Keane, RE Agee, JK Fule, P Keeley, JE Key, C Kitchen, SG Miller, R Schulte, LA AF Keane, Robert E. Agee, James K. Fule, Peter Keeley, Jon E. Key, Carl Kitchen, Stanley G. Miller, Richard Schulte, Lisa A. TI Ecological effects of large fires on US landscapes: benefit or catastrophe? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Review DE fire effects; fire regimes; megafires ID PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLANDS; PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; GREAT-LAKES REGION; WESTERN JUNIPER; UNITED-STATES; BIG SAGEBRUSH; HISTORICAL VARIABILITY; SOUTHWESTERN MONTANA; OLYMPIC MOUNTAINS AB The perception is that today's large fires are an ecological catastrophe because they burn vast areas with high intensities and severities. However, little is known of the ecological impacts of large fires on both historical and contemporary landscapes. The present paper presents a review of the current knowledge of the effects of large fires in the United States by important ecosystems written by regional experts. The ecosystems are (1) ponderosa pine-Douglas-fir, (2) sagebrush-grasslands, (3) pinon-juniper, (4) chaparral, (5) mixed-conifer, and (6) spruce-fir. This review found that large fires were common on most historical western US landscapes and they will continue to be common today with exceptions. Sagebrush ecosystems are currently experiencing larger, more severe, and more frequent large fires compared to historical conditions due to exotic cheatgrass invasions. Historical large fires in south-west ponderosa pine forest created a mixed severity mosaic dominated by non-lethal surface fires while today's large fires are mostly high severity crown fires. While large fires play an important role in landscape ecology for most regions, their importance is much less in the dry pinon-juniper forests and sagebrush-grasslands. Fire management must address the role of large fires in maintaining the health of many US fire-dominated ecosystems. C1 [Keane, Robert E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. [Agee, James K.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fule, Peter] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Fule, Peter] No Arizona Univ, Ecol Restorat Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Kings Canyon Field Stn, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. [Key, Carl] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, W Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Kitchen, Stanley G.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Provo, UT 84606 USA. [Miller, Richard] Oregon State Univ, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schulte, Lisa A.] Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Keane, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Fire Sci Lab, 5775 Highway 10 W, Missoula, MT 59808 USA. EM rkeane@fs.fed.us; jagee@u.washington.edu; Fule@nau.edu; jon_keeley@usgs.gov; carl_key@usgs.gov; skitchen@fs.fed.us; Richard.Miller@oregonstate.edu; lschulte@iastate.edu FU USDA Forest Service; Rocky Mountain Research Station; Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory; Joint Fire Science Project [04-1-2-01] FX We would like to thank Eva Karau, USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory. We also acknowledge support from Joint Fire Science Project 04-1-2-01 for some material in the present paper. We thank the two anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and comments. NR 195 TC 91 Z9 91 U1 54 U2 330 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2008 VL 17 IS 6 BP 696 EP 712 DI 10.1071/WF07148 PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 398XV UT WOS:000262765900003 ER PT J AU Coultrap, DE Fulgham, KO Lancaster, DL Gustafson, J Lile, DF George, MR AF Coultrap, D. E. Fulgham, K. O. Lancaster, D. L. Gustafson, J. Lile, D. F. George, M. R. TI Relationships Between Western Juniper (Juniperus occidentalis) and Understory Vegetation SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Succession; species richness; cover; productivity; bare ground AB Western juniper has been actively invading sagebrush plant communities for about 130 yr. Western juniper canopy cover generally increases as western juniper invades sagebrush steppe communities and succession progresses toward a western juniper woodland. Our goal was to estimate the impact of juniper invasion and canopy increase on understory vegetation structure and productivity on 101 sites in northeastern California. The primary objectives of this study were to: (1) examine the influence of increasing western juniper canopy cover on the composition and productivity of understory vegetation; and (2) assess the effects of western juniper removal on understory vegetation. Sites in early, mid-, and late successional stages and sites on the same soils that had not been invaded were selected. Sites where western juniper had been removed by prescribed fire, mechanical, or chemical methods were compared to adjacent untreated sites. Western juniper canopy cover, understory cover and species composition, productivity, and bare ground were determined at each site during May through July 2005 and 2006. Regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between western juniper canopy cover and understory vegetation parameters. Logistic regression was used to detect understory differences between treated (juniper removed) and untreated (juniper not removed) sites. A significant relationship was found between western juniper canopy cover and understory species richness, shrub cover, forb cover, total grass cover, cheatgrass cover, herbaceous productivity, and bare ground. Removal of western juniper increased total grass cover, cheatgrass cover, and productivity, and reduced bare ground. The results of this study support findings by researchers in other states that western juniper influences plant community structure and productivity, and removal of western juniper might reverse these changes in structure, but also might increase opportunities for invasion of cheatgrass. C1 [Coultrap, D. E.; Lancaster, D. L.; Lile, D. F.; George, M. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Fulgham, K. O.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Gustafson, J.] USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP George, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM mrgeorge@ucdavis.edu NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 3 EP 11 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-008.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25VY UT WOS:000208506700002 ER PT J AU Endress, BA Parks, CG Naylor, BJ Radosevich, SR AF Endress, Bryan A. Parks, Catherine G. Naylor, Bridgett J. Radosevich, Steven R. TI Herbicide and Native Grass Seeding Effects on Sulfur Cinquefoil (Potentilla recta)-Infested Grasslands SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Rangeland; restoration; species richness; plant community dynamics; sulfur cinquefoil; bunchgrass AB Sulfur cinquefoil is an exotic, perennial forb that invades a wide range of ecosystems in western North America. It forms dense populations and often threatens native plant species and communities. In this study, we address the following questions: (1) what herbicides, rates, and application times are most effective at reducing sulfur cinquefoil abundance while having the least impact on native plants; and (2) does postherbicide seeding with native grass species increase native plant abundance? In 2002, we experimentally examined the effects of five herbicides (dicamba + 2,4-D; metsulfuron-methyl; triclopyr; glyphosate; and picloram) at two rates of application (low and high), three application times (early summer, fall, and a combined early summer-fall treatment), and two postherbicide seed addition treatments (seeded or not seeded) on sulfur cinquefoil abundance, plant community composition, and species richness. Experimental plots were monitored through 2005. Picloram was the most effective herbicide at reducing sulfur cinquefoil density, the proportion of remaining adult plants, and seed production. The effects of picloram continued to be evident after 3 yr, with 80% reduction of sulfur cinquefoil in 2005. In addition, seeding of native grass seeds alone (no herbicide application) reduced the proportion of sulfur cinquefoil plants that were reproductively active. Despite reductions in sulfur cinquefoil abundance, all treatments remained dominated by exotic species because treated areas transitioned from exotic forb- to exotic grass-dominated communities. However, a one-time herbicide application controlled sulfur cinquefoil for at least 3 yr, and therefore might provide a foundation to begin ecological restoration. Herbicide applications alone likely are to be insufficient for long-term sulfur cinquefoil control without further modification of sites through native grass or forb seeding. Integrating herbicides with native plant seeding to promote the development of plant communities that are resistant to sulfur cinquefoil invasion is a promising management approach to ecological restoration. C1 [Endress, Bryan A.; Radosevich, Steven R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Parks, Catherine G.; Naylor, Bridgett J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Forestry & Range Sci Lab, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. RP Endress, BA (reprint author), Zool Soc San Diego, Div Appl Plant Ecol Conservat & Res Endangered Sp, 15600 San Pasqual Valley Rd, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. EM bendress@sandiegozoo.org FU USDA Forest Service Pesticide Impact Assessment Program (FS-PIAP) FX We thank Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, especially R. Madigan, for support in conducting research in the Wenaha Wildife Managment Area and Wallowa Resources; Mark Porter and McClaine Spraying for herbicide application; and M. Aiken, K. Coe, T. Dixon, D. Johnson, D. Jones, S. Ketchum, N. Lewis, S. Markow, and N. Parks for their assistance in establishing and monitoring research plots. This research was funded by USDA Forest Service Pesticide Impact Assessment Program (FS-PIAP). We thank D. Gorchov, T. Prather, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on previous versions of this manuscript. We also thank Patricia G. Cunningham for statistical advice and SAS coding. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 31 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-005.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25VY UT WOS:000208506700008 ER PT J AU Young, K Mangold, J AF Young, K. Mangold, J. TI Medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae) Outperforms Squirreltail (Elymus elymoides) through Interference and Growth Rate SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Competition; interference; invasive plants; revegetation; weed management AB Understanding the ecological processes that foster invasion and dominance by medusahead is central to its management. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify and compare interference between medusahead and squirreltail under different concentrations of soil nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) and (2) to compare growth rates of medusahead and squirreltail under field soil N and P availabilities. We grew medusahead and squirreltail in an addition series in a greenhouse and applied one of four nutrient treatments weekly: (1) low N low P (no N or P added), (2) low N high P (added 250 ml of 600 mu M P solution in the form of calcium phosphate), (3) high N low P (added 250 ml of 8,400 mM N solution in the forms of calcium nitrate and potassium nitrate), and (4) high N high P (added solutions as listed above for high N and high P). After 70 d density and biomass by species were sampled. We also grew individual medusahead and squirreltail plants in control soil conditions. Biomass, leaf area, and root length were determined for each species at 14-d intervals over 72 d. Regression models for medusahead and squirreltail suggested N appeared to be playing a much larger role than P in interference between the species. The high N treatment did not increase medusahead's interference ability relative to squirreltail as we had hypothesized. Medusahead typically imposed a two-to-seven-times stronger influence on interference relationships than squirreltail. Medusahead accumulated biomass, leaf area, and root length twice as fast as squirreltail. Results from our study suggest that medusahead seedlings will likely dominate over squirreltail seedlings. To restore squirreltail to medusahead-infested rangeland, medusahead densities should be reduced with integrated weed management strategies. On medusahead-free rangeland, prevention and early detection and eradication programs are critical. C1 [Mangold, J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USDA ARS, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Mangold, J (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Rangeland Ecol & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM jane.mangold@oregonstate.edu NR 51 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 10 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-021.1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25VY UT WOS:000208506700011 ER PT J AU Ward, SM Gaskin, JF Wilson, LM AF Ward, Sarah M. Gaskin, John F. Wilson, Linda M. TI Ecological Genetics of Plant Invasion: What Do We Know? SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Evolution of increased competitiveness; genetic diversity; hybridization; invasive plants AB The rate at which plant invasions occur is accelerating globally, and a growing amount of recent research uses genetic analysis of invasive plant populations to better understand the histories, processes, and effects of plant invasions. The goal of this review is to provide natural resource managers with an introduction to this research. We discuss examples selected from published studies that examine intraspecific genetic diversity and the role of hybridization in plant invasion. We also consider the conflicting evidence that has emerged from recent research for the evolution of increased competitiveness as an explanation for invasion, and the significance of multiple genetic characteristics and patterns of genetic diversity reported in the literature across different species invasions. High and low levels of genetic diversity have been found in different invading plant populations, suggesting that either selection leading to local adaptation, or pre-adapted characteristics such as phenotypic plasticity, can lead to aggressive range expansion by colonizing nonnative species. As molecular techniques for detecting hybrids advance, it is also becoming clear that hybridization is a significant component of some plant invasions, with consequences that include increased genetic diversity within an invasive species, generation of successful novel genotypes, and genetic swamping of native plant gene pools. Genetic analysis of invasive plant populations has many applications, including predicting population response to biological or chemical control measures based on diversity levels, identifying source populations, tracking introduction routes, and elucidating mechanisms of local spread and adaptation. This information can be invaluable in developing more effectively targeted strategies for managing existing plant invasions and preventing new ones. Future genetic research, including the use of high throughput molecular marker systems and genomic approaches such as microarray analysis, has the potential to contribute to better understanding and more effective management of plant invasions. C1 [Ward, Sarah M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gaskin, John F.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Wilson, Linda M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Ward, SM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM sarah.ward@colostate.edu NR 104 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 4 U2 88 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 1939-7291 J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1 BP 98 EP 109 DI 10.1614/IPSM-07-022.1 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V25VY UT WOS:000208506700014 ER PT J AU Williams, WP Buckley, PM AF Williams, W. Paul Buckley, Paul M. TI Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Southwestern Corn Borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Leaf Feeding Damage and Its Effect on Larval Growth on Diets Prepared from Lyophilized Corn Leaves SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND URBAN ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diatraea grandiosella; Spodoptera frugiperda; Zea mays; Lepidoptera; Crambidae; Noctuidae; host plant resistance AB Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), and Southwestern corn borer, Diatraea grandiosella Dyar, are economically important pests of maize (Zea mays L.) in the southeastern United States. These insects attack plants in both the vegetative and reproductive stages of growth. Plant resistance is widely considered a desirable means for reducing losses to both insects, and corn germplasm lines with resistance to leaf feeding damage have been developed and released. Fall armyworm and southwestern corn borer larvae feeding on resistant genotypes g-row more slowly than those feeding on susceptible genotypes. The objectives of the investigation were to evaluate 20 single cross maize hybrids for leaf feeding damage by southwestern corn borer and fall armyworm, to compare larval growth on laboratory diets prepared from lyophilized leaf tissue of single cross hybrids with different levels of resistance to leaf feeding, and to determine whether larval growth differed between diets prepared from leaf tissue collected from plants previously infested with southwestern corn borer or fall armyworm and non-infested plants. Both fall armyworm and southwestern corn borer larvae weighed significantly less when fed on laboratory diets prepared from lyophilized leaf tissue of resistant single cross hybrids than susceptible hybrids. When tissue from either resistant or susceptible plants that had been infested with either insect in the field was used in bioassays, larval weights were further reduced. It appears that both constitutive and induced defensive mechanisms may be operating. C1 [Williams, W. Paul; Buckley, Paul M.] USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Williams, WP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Corn Host Plant Resistance Res Unit, Box 9555, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Paul.Williams@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI MT PLEASANT PA 3517 FLOWERING OAK WAY, MT PLEASANT, SC 29466 USA SN 1523-5475 J9 J AGR URBAN ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Urban Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 25 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.3954/1523-5475-25.1.1 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA V10WW UT WOS:000207495100001 ER PT J AU Cabrera-Asencio, I Ramirez, A Saez, L Velez, AL AF Cabrera-Asencio, Irma Ramirez, Aixa Saez, Lourdes Velez, Alberto L. TI Gynaikothrips uzeli zimmerman (Thysanoptera: phlaeothripidae) and Montandoniola Moraguezi Puton (hemiptera: anthocoridae): new records on Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PUERTO RICO LA Spanish DT Article C1 [Cabrera-Asencio, Irma] Estac Expt Agr, Dept Protecc Cult, Juana Diaz, PR USA. [Ramirez, Aixa] Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Agr Sci, Agr Expt Stn, Dept Agr Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, PR 00928 USA. [Saez, Lourdes] USDA APHIS PPQ, Washington, DC USA. RP Cabrera-Asencio, I (reprint author), Estac Expt Agr, Dept Protecc Cult, HC-04 Box 7115, Juana Diaz, PR USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV PUERTO RICO, AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION PI RIO PIEDRAS PA PO BOX 21360, RIO PIEDRAS, PUERTO RICO 00927 USA SN 0041-994X J9 J AGR U PUERTO RICO JI J. Agric. Univ. P. R. PD JAN-APR PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 113 PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 361TD UT WOS:000260149100010 ER PT J AU Pimratch, S Jogloy, S Vorasoot, N Toomsan, B Patanothai, A Holbrook, CC AF Pimratch, S. Jogloy, S. Vorasoot, N. Toomsan, B. Patanothai, A. Holbrook, C. C. TI Relationship between biomass production and nitrogen fixation under drought-stress conditions in peanut genotypes with different levels of drought resistance SO JOURNAL OF AGRONOMY AND CROP SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biomass production; drought resistance; N-difference; nitrogen fixation; water stress ID ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA L.; WATER-STRESS; NORTHEAST THAILAND; GRAIN LEGUMES; N-2 FIXATION; GROUNDNUT; SOIL; CULTIVARS; RECOVERY; BENEFITS AB The relationship between biomass production and N-2 fixation under drought-stress conditions in peanut genotypes with different levels of drought resistance is not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drought on biomass production and N-2 fixation by evaluating the relative values of these two traits under well watered and water-stress conditions. Twelve peanut genotypes were tested under field conditions in the dry seasons of 2003/2004 and 2004/2005 in north-east Thailand. A split-plot design with four replications was used. Main-plot treatments were three water regimes [field capacity (FC), 2/3 available soil water (AW) and 1/3 AW], and sub-plot treatments were 12 peanut lines. Data were recorded on biomass production and N-2 fixation under well watered and water-stress conditions. Genotypic variations in biomass production and N-2 fixation were found at all water regimes. Biomass production and N-2 fixation decreased with increasing levels of drought stress. Genotypes did not significantly differ in reductions for biomass production, but did differ for reductions in N-2 fixation. High biomass production under both mild and severe drought-stress conditions was due largely to high potential biomass production under well-watered conditions and, to a lesser extent, the ability to maintain high biomass production under drought-stress conditions. High N-2 fixation under drought stress also was due largely to high N-2 fixation under well-watered conditions with significant but lower contributions from the ability to maintain high nitrogen fixation under drought stress. N-2 fixation at FC was not correlated with the reduction in N-2 fixation at 2/3 AW and 1/3 AW. Positive relationships between N-2 fixed and biomass production of the tested peanut genotypes were found at both levels of drought stress, and the relationship was stronger the more severe the drought stress. These results suggested that the ability to maintain high N-2 fixation under drought stress could aid peanut genotypes in maintaining high yield under water-limited conditions. C1 [Pimratch, S.; Jogloy, S.; Vorasoot, N.; Toomsan, B.; Patanothai, A.] Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. [Holbrook, C. C.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Jogloy, S (reprint author), Khon Kaen Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Sci & Agr, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. EM sanun@kku.ac.th NR 37 TC 28 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 22 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0931-2250 J9 J AGRON CROP SCI JI J. Agron. Crop Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 194 IS 1 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1111/j.1439-037X.2007.00286.x PG 11 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA 267YU UT WOS:000253545900003 ER PT J AU Joseph, JA Neuman, A Bielinski, DF Fisher, DR AF Joseph, James A. Neuman, Anna Bielinski, Donna F. Fisher, Derek R. TI Blueberry Antagonism of C-2 Ceramide Disruption of Ca2+ Responses and Recovery in MAChR-Transfected COS-7 Cell SO JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Aging; blueberry polyphenols; ceramide; muscarinic receptors; oxidative stress ID MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS; CALCIUM DYSREGULATION; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; PHOSPHOLIPASE-D; AMYLOID-BETA; LIPID RAFTS; PC12 CELLS AB Research indicates that muscarinic receptors (MAChRs) may show selective declines in sensitivity during aging and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and these decrements may be related to oxidative stress sensitivity. M1AChR-transfected COS-7 cells exhibit greater decrements in Ca2+ buffering following oxotremorine-induced depolarization than M3 cells. This loss, induced via dopamine (DA) or amyloid-beta (A beta), is similar to those reported in many studies with respect to aging and AD, but were antagonized by blueberry (BB) treatment. However, they may be exacerbated by ceramide which shows considerable increases in AD and aging. Thus, the effects of DA, A beta(42) and/or BB were assessed on calcium parameters (e. g., calcium buffering) in the presence or absence of ceramide in M1 and M3 transfected cells. Results indicated that while ceramide did not produce profound deficits in calcium buffering, in either M1- or M3-transfected COS-7 cells, decrements were seen in the ability of M1- and M3-transfected cells to initially respond to oxotremorine, regardless of DA or A beta(42) exposure. BB pre-treatment (prior to ceramide) antagonized the ceramide treatment in M1-transfected cells but not M3-transfected cells, where ceramide suppressed BB effects. Results are discussed in terms of the effects on lipid induced changes in plasma membranes. C1 [Joseph, James A.; Neuman, Anna; Bielinski, Donna F.; Fisher, Derek R.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Joseph, JA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, USDA, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM james.joseph@ars.usda.gov FU Wild Blueberry Association of North America; US Highbush Blueberry Council; California Walnut Commission; California Strawberry Commission; Washington Red Raspberry Commission; Sunnyridge Farms; Pom Wonderful Company FX Work in the authors' laboratories is supported by the Wild Blueberry Association of North America, the US Highbush Blueberry Council, the California Walnut Commission, the California Strawberry Commission, the Washington Red Raspberry Commission, Sunnyridge Farms, and the Pom Wonderful Company. NR 56 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-2877 J9 J ALZHEIMERS DIS JI J. Alzheimers Dis. PY 2008 VL 15 IS 3 BP 429 EP 441 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 371US UT WOS:000260857500009 PM 18997296 ER PT J AU Einum, S Nislow, KH Mckelvey, S Armstrong, JD AF Einum, Sigurd Nislow, Keith H. Mckelvey, Simon Armstrong, John D. TI Nest distribution shaping within-stream variation in Atlantic salmon juvenile abundance and competition over small spatial scales SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carrying capacity; density dependence; population regulation; spatial structure; Salmo salar ID TEMPORAL VARIATION; CHINOOK SALMON; DENSITY; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; RECRUITMENT; POPULATIONS; RIVERS; CONSEQUENCES AB 1. Spatial heterogeneity in population density is predicted to have important effects on population characteristics, such as competition intensity and carrying capacity. Patchy breeding distributions will tend to increase spatial heterogeneity in population density, whereas dispersal from breeding patches will tend to decrease it. The potential for dispersal to homogenize densities is likely to differ both among organisms (e.g. plants vs. mobile animals) and throughout ontogeny (e.g. larvae vs. adults). However, for mobile organisms, experimental studies of the importance of breeding distributions from the wild are largely lacking. 2. In the present study, experimental manipulations replicated over eight natural streams and 2 years enabled us to test for effects of the distribution of Atlantic salmon eggs over spatial scales which are relevant to local interactions among individuals. Artificial nests were placed along 250 m study reaches at one of two levels of nest dispersion - patchy (two nests per stream) and dispersed (10 nests per stream) - while holding total egg density (eggs m(-2) stream area) constant. 3. Nest dispersion had significant effects on the spatial distribution of the resulting juveniles in their first summer. Patchy nest distributions resulted in a highly right-skewed frequency distribution of local under-yearling densities (among 25 m sampling sections), as sample sections adjacent to the nest sites had relatively high densities. In contrast, dispersed nest distributions yielded approximately normal density distributions. Sections with high relative densities in the patchy nest distribution treatments also had relatively small juvenile body sizes, and patchy egg distribution appeared to produce a higher redistribution of individuals from the first to the second juvenile growth season than the dispersed distribution. 4. Because patchy breeding distribution combined with limited early dispersal can create spatial variation in density over scales directly relevant for individual interactions, this will be one important component in determining mean levels of early juvenile competition and its spatial variation within populations. Assuming random or ideal-free distribution of individuals may therefore underestimate the mean level of density experienced by juveniles over surprisingly small spatial scales (orders of magnitude smaller than total spatial extent of populations), even for mobile organisms. C1 [Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. [Einum, Sigurd] Norwegian Inst Nat Res, NO-7485 Trondheim, Norway. [Nislow, Keith H.] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Mckelvey, Simon] Care of CKD Falbraith, Conon Dist Salmon Fisheries Board, Inverness IV2 3HF, Scotland. [Armstrong, John D.] Freshwater Lab, Fisheries Res Serv, Pitlochry PH16 5LB, Perth, Scotland. RP Einum, S (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Biol, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway. EM sigurd.einum@bio.ntnu.no NR 28 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 14 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-8790 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 1 BP 167 EP 172 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01326.x PG 6 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 243PU UT WOS:000251810600020 PM 18005129 ER PT J AU Paini, DR Funderburk, JE Reitz, SR AF Paini, Dean R. Funderburk, Joe E. Reitz, Stuart R. TI Competitive exclusion of a worldwide invasive pest by a native. Quantifying competition between two phytophagous insects on two host plant species SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE competition coefficients; competitive asymmetry; competitive displacement; invasion; model fitting ID WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS; FRANKLINIELLA-OCCIDENTALIS PERGANDE; INTERSPECIFIC COMPETITION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; SEASONAL ABUNDANCE; LARVAL PERFORMANCE; THYSANOPTERA; RESISTANCE; DROSOPHILA; ANTHOCORIDAE AB 1. High competitive ability is believed to be an important characteristic of invasive species. Many animal studies have compared the competitive ability of invasive species with a native species that is being displaced, but few have looked at systems where an invasive species has failed to establish itself. These types of studies are important to determine if competition is relevant not only to invading species but also to the biotic resistance of a community. 2. The thrips species F. occidentalis is a highly invasive pest that has spread from its original range (the western states of the USA) to a worldwide distribution. Despite this, F. occidentalis is largely absent or occurs in low numbers in the eastern states of the USA, where the native F. tritici dominates. It is possible that F. tritici is competitively excluding F. occidentalis from this region. 3. Larval competition between these two thrips species was tested on two known plant hosts, Capsicum annuum (a crop plant), and Raphanus raphanistrum (an invasive weed), using a response surface design with number of larvae surviving as the response variable. The response surface design allowed competition models to be fit to data using maximum likelihood estimation, thus generating quantitative values for interspecific competition. 4. On both plant hosts, the native F. tritici did not experience significant interspecific competition from the invasive F. occidentalis. In contrast, F. occidentalis did experience significant interspecific competition from F. tritici. Competition from F. tritici larvae on F. occidentalis larvae was estimated to be 1.72 times (on C. annuum) and 1.76 times (on R. raphanistrum) the effect of intraspecific competition. The invasive F. occidentalis appears to be competitively excluded by the native F. tritici. 5. This study confirms the importance of competition in the biotic resistance of a community and is one of the few animal studies to not only test for competition in an apparently resistant ecosystem but also to quantify the level of interspecific competition between two animal species. C1 [Paini, Dean R.; Funderburk, Joe E.] Univ N Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. [Reitz, Stuart R.] USDA ARS, Tallahassee, FL 32308 USA. RP Paini, DR (reprint author), Univ N Florida, N Florida Res & Educ Ctr, 155 Res Rd, Quincy, FL 32351 USA. EM Dean.Paini@csiro.au RI Paini, Dean/C-2341-2009; Reitz, Stuart/B-7667-2008 NR 60 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8790 J9 J ANIM ECOL JI J. Anim. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 77 IS 1 BP 184 EP 190 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2656.2007.01324.x PG 7 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 243PU UT WOS:000251810600022 PM 18177337 ER PT J AU Huntington, GB Burns, JC AF Huntington, G. B. Burns, J. C. TI The interaction of harvesting time of day of switchgrass hay and ruminal degradability of supplemental protein offered to beef steers SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE beef steer; protein degradability; switchgrass; Panicum virgatum ID TALL FESCUE; NITROGEN; PREFERENCE; METABOLISM; SUNDOWN; SUNUP; RUMEN; CUT; CARBOHYDRATE; DIGESTION AB The objective of this study was to evaluate an interaction between harvest at 0600 (AM) vs. 1800 (PM) with high (HI) or low (LO) ruminal degradability of a protein supplement to change voluntary intake, digestion, or N retention by steers offered switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) hay. Black steers (255 +/- 14 kg of BW) were blocked by BW, and then randomly assigned (5 steers each) to AM/HI, PM/HI, AM/LO, or PM/LO treatment groups. Steers were group-housed in covered, outdoor pens with individual feeding gates. After adaptation and standardization, intake was measured for 21 d followed by a digestion trial (5 d of total collection). Steers were offered 767 (LO) or 825 (HI) g/d of supplement to provide 268 g of CP/d. Compared with AM, PM had greater (P=0.01) concentrations of total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC, 71 vs. 56 g/kg of DM), and lesser concentrations of NDF (760 vs. 770 g/kg of DM, P=0.02), ADF (417 vs. 427 g/kg of DM, P=0.02), and CP (55.9 vs. 58.6 g/kg of DM, P=0.07). Protein fractions A, B-2, and B-3 were similar for AM and PM, but HI contained more (P < 0.02) A (694 vs. 296 g/kg of protein) and less B-2 (174 vs. 554 g/kg of protein) fraction than LO. Harvest interacted with supplement to increase (P=0.07) ad libitum digestible DMI for steers offered PM/HI (11.4 g/kg of BW daily) compared with steers offered PM/LO (10.2 g/kg of BW daily), but there was no difference for steers offered AM/LO or AM/HI (10.7 g/kg of BW). Apparent digestibilities of DM (594 vs. 571 g/kg of intake), NDF (591 vs. 562 g/kg of intake), ADF (585 vs. 566 g/kg of intake), and N (651 vs. 632 g/kg of intake) were greater (P < 0.04) for PM than for AM. Apparent digestibility of N was greater (P=0.02) for HI (652 g/kg of intake) vs. LO (631 g/kg of intake). Interactions between harvest and supplement for apparent digestibilities of NDF (P=0.09) and ADF (P=0.03) were due to no change or an increase in digestibility in response to increased ruminal degradability of supplement in steers offered PM harvest, whereas increased ruminal degradability of supplement decreased digestibility of NDF and ADF in steers offered AM harvest. Treatments did not affect hay intake (3.93 kg/d), N retained (15.8 g/d), or plasma urea N (5.25 mM) during ad libitum intake. Greater TNC in PM vs. AM harvest was not sufficient by itself to increase total voluntary DMI, but greater protein degradability interacted with harvest time to increase ruminal fiber digestibility and digestible DMI of beef steers offered PM vs. AM harvest. C1 [Huntington, G. B.; Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Huntington, G. B.; Burns, J. C.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA, ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Huntington, GB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM Gerald_Huntington@ncsu.edu NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 1 BP 159 EP 166 DI 10.2527/jas.2006-701 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 243RI UT WOS:000251814600018 PM 17911235 ER PT J AU Bourgeois, L Sylvester, A Danka, R Rinderer, T AF Bourgeois, Lelania Sylvester, Allen Danka, Robert Rinderer, Thomas TI Comparison of microsatellite DNA diversity among commercial queen breeder stocks of Italian honey bees in the United States and Italy SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE honey bee; Varroa destructor; microsatellite; genetic diversity; Italy; Italian bees ID POPULATION BOTTLENECKS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; APIS-MELLIFERA; APIDAE; CONSERVATION; HYMENOPTERA; SOFTWARE; MARKERS; TESTS AB Declines in the numbers of breeder honey bee queens and the concomitant loss of genetic diversity could potentially result in inbreeding, and increased susceptibility to pests and diseases. Genetic diversity of commercial Italian bee colonies in the United States and Italy was assessed using six variable microsatellite DNA loci. Worker bees were sampled from colonies of queen breeders in both countries (USA, n = 18; Italy, n = 24). Overall, allelic richness (mean alleles/locus), gene diversity (heterozygosity), and F-IS (inbreeding coefficient) did not differ between the two groups. A total of 48 alleles were present among all colonies. Sampled colonies from each country had a total of 38 alleles, although alleles were present that were unique to each group. There were a total of 10 unique alleles among USA bees and 10 among Italian bees. Estimates of the level of genetic differentiation based on different allele frequency patterns among the USA and Italian bees were measured with the population genetic parameter F-ST. These estimates showed that bees from the USA and Italy were measurably distinct relative to the frequencies of the microsatellite alleles present in samples from each country. Overall allelic diversity levels were sufficiently high indicating that inbreeding does not appear to be an immediate threat to existing honey bee populations. C1 [Bourgeois, Lelania; Sylvester, Allen; Danka, Robert; Rinderer, Thomas] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP Bourgeois, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM Lanie.Bourgeois@ARS.USDA.GOV NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 2 BP 93 EP 98 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 313HQ UT WOS:000256732100001 ER PT J AU Yoder, JA Christensen, BS Croxall, TJ Tank, JL Sammataro, D AF Yoder, Jay A. Christensen, Brady S. Croxall, Travis J. Tank, Justin L. Sammataro, Diana TI Suppression of growth rate of colony-associated fungi by high fructose corn syrup feeding supplement, formic acid, and oxalic acid SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE colony-associated fungi; formic acid; oxalic acid; high fructose corn syrup ID HONEY-BEE HYMENOPTERA; APIDAE COLONIES; APIS-MELLIFERA; IN-VITRO; ACARI; PATHOGENICITY; MESOSTIGMATA; MYCOFLORA; VARROIDAE; MITE AB Select colony-associated fungi (bee isolates), Absidia sp., Ascosphaera apis, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium sp., Penicillium glabrum, Mucor sp., showed a 40% reduction in radial growth rate with formic acid, a 28% reduction with oxalic acid, and a 15% reduction with fructose and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) when grown on supplemented media at 30 degrees C to mimic colony conditions. No effect, suppressing or promoting growth, was observed on other colony-associated fungi, Alternaria sp., Aspergillus niger, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Rhizopus sp. and Trichoderma sp., except 0.1 M formic and oxalic acid. Sensitivity to these compounds did not correlate with the fungus species being a slow- or fast-grower and sensitivity to one compound did not translate to sensitivity to another compound. Given the competitive nature and high-sporing (conidia) activity of these species, our results suggest that alteration or disruption of the colony mycoflora can occur by use of these compounds. This may indicate a possible link between compound application and incidence of bee fungal pathogens. C1 [Yoder, Jay A.; Christensen, Brady S.; Croxall, Travis J.; Tank, Justin L.] Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. [Sammataro, Diana] ARS, USDA, Carl Hayden Honey Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Yoder, JA (reprint author), Wittenberg Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, OH 45501 USA. EM jyoder@wittenberg.edu NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 2 BP 126 EP 130 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 313HQ UT WOS:000256732100007 ER PT J AU Benda, ND Boucias, D Torto, B Teal, P AF Benda, Nicole D. Boucias, Drion Torto, Baldwyn Teal, Peter TI Detection and characterization of Kodamaea ohmeri associated with small hive beetle Aethina tumida infesting honey bee hives SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aethina tumida; small hive beetle; Apis mellifera; Kodamaea ohmeri; yeast; volatile attraction ID BASIDIOCARP-FEEDING BEETLES; YEAST CLADE; CANDIDA; NITIDULIDAE; COLEOPTERA; IDENTIFICATION; INSECTS; FLOWERS AB Honey bee colony infestation by the small hive beetle (SHB) is associated with fermentation of hive materials. Pollen, beetles, and robbing bees (ten of each) were collected from hives infested with SHB in both Florida and Kenya. Plating of homogenized bodies of beetles and bees and comb swabs resulted in smooth cream-colored yeast colonies that formed pseudomycelial cells as they aged. Fatty acid profiles of yeast isolates from Florida and Kenya most closely matched the profiles of Candida krusei and C. sake, respectively. However the DNA sequence of the 28S and 5.8S-ITS2 of both the Florida and Kenya isolates were, 99-100 % homologous to Kodamaea ohmeri. The ITS1 region differed between the two geographic strains. The two strains produced similar volatile profiles which were attractive to SHB and contained compounds also found in honey bee alarm pheromone. C1 [Benda, Nicole D.; Teal, Peter] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Boucias, Drion] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Torto, Baldwyn] Int Ctr Insect Physiol & Ecol, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Benda, ND (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Nicole.Benda@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 11 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 3 BP 194 EP 201 DI 10.3827/IBRA.1.47.3.07 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 344PB UT WOS:000258938700007 ER PT J AU Buchholz, S Schafer, MO Spiewok, S Pettis, JS Duncan, M Ritter, W Spooner-Hart, R Neumann, P AF Buchholz, Sven Schaefer, Marc O. Spiewok, Sebastian Pettis, Jeffery S. Duncan, Michael Ritter, Wolfgang Spooner-Hart, Robert Neumann, Peter TI Alternative food sources of Aethina tumida (Coleoptera : Nitidulidae) SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Aethina tumida; Apis mellifera; flower blossoms; fruit; honey bee; nutrition; small hive beetle ID SMALL HIVE BEETLE; HONEYBEE COLONIES; BOMBUS-IMPATIENS; INFESTATION; ECOLOGY; BIOLOGY; FLORIDA; MURRAY AB The small hive beetle (SHB) is a parasite and scavenger of honey bee colonies, but may also be able to exploit alternative food sources. We conducted experiments to shed further light on the role of alternative foods for SHB. 1) Laboratory choice experiments showed that adult SHB oviposit on fruit and even on decaying meat and that SHB larvae feed on it despite the presence of bee products. 2) In the laboratory, SHB reproduced on mango, banana and grapes at lower rates than on a pollen and honey mixture. 3) Adult SHB were rarely observed on fruit buckets in the field. They reproduced only when caged and in much smaller numbers than Drosophilidae and other Nitidulidae. 4) While Aethina concolor was repeatedly observed during a field survey, no adult SHB were found on any flowers. 5) Less than 2% of adult SHB survived on blooming pot plants and no reproduction was recorded,suggesting that flowers are unlikely to serve as an alternative food and breeding substrate. Nevertheless, the high degree of opportunism displayed, supports the view that honey bee nests are not essential for SHB survival and reproduction. Despite the observed high degree of SHB opportunism, it appears as if alternative food sources play a minor role only for reproduction in the field when host colonies are available. Even though SHB may use alternative food sources in the absence of bee hives (e.g. after migratory beekeeping), it is unclear whether this is likely to contribute to SHB population build up. C1 [Neumann, Peter] Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, CH-3033 Bern, Switzerland. [Buchholz, Sven; Spiewok, Sebastian] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol, D-06099 Halle, Saale, Germany. [Schaefer, Marc O.; Ritter, Wolfgang] Chem & Vet Untersuchungsamt Freiburg CVUA, D-79108 Freiburg, Germany. [Pettis, Jeffery S.] USDA ARS, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Duncan, Michael; Spooner-Hart, Robert] Univ Western Sydney, Ctr Plant & Food Sci, Richmond, NSW, Australia. [Neumann, Peter] Yunnan Agr Univ, Eastern Bee Res Inst, Kunming, Yunnan Province, Peoples R China. [Neumann, Peter] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa. RP Neumann, P (reprint author), Agroscope Liebefeld Posieux Res Stn ALP, Swiss Bee Res Ctr, CH-3033 Bern, Switzerland. EM peter.neumann@alp.admin.ch FU German Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection FX We are grateful to H R Hepburn and M P Hill (Department of Zoology and Entomology Rhodes University) for providing laboratory facilities, Appreciation is also extended to P Lister (University of Western Sydney) for sharing his botanical expertise and to AG Kirejtshuk for advice on morphometrics of Nitidulidae larvae. Appreciation is also addressed to A Ulsamer and IN Rice (USDA, Beltsville) for assistance with laboratory and field experiments. Financial support was granted to PN by the German Federal Ministry for Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection through the Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food. NR 39 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 10 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 3 BP 202 EP 209 DI 10.3827/IBRA.1.47.3.08 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 344PB UT WOS:000258938700008 ER PT J AU de Guzman, LI Frake, AM Rinderer, TE AF de Guzman, Lilia I. Frake, Amanda M. Rinderer, Thomas E. TI Detection and removal of brood infested with eggs and larvae of small hive beetles (Aethina tumida Murray) by Russian honey bees SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE small hive beetles; Aethina tumida; hygienic; removal; Russian honey bees; Apis mellifera ID FAR-EASTERN RUSSIA; HYGIENIC BEHAVIOR; VARROA-DESTRUCTOR; RESISTANCE; COLONIES; JACOBSONI; RESPONSES; MITE; HYMENOPTERA; COLEOPTERA AB The response of Russian honey bees to brood infested with small hive beetle (SHB) eggs and larvae was compared to that of a commercial stock (predominantly of A. m. ligustica). Test brood was grouped as follows: a) NoP = no perforation either of capping or cell wall; b) PWall = perforation of cell wall only; c) PCap = perforation of capping only; and d) PBoth = capping and cell wall perforations. All perforations were made by SHB. Our results showed that brood cells with perforations of the cell wall (PWall and PBoth) had the highest infestation (76.53 +/- 2.10%) and number of eggs (58.46 +/- 2.85 eggs). Because PCap showed low levels of infestation (29.17 +/- 3.31% and 15.60 +/- 1.31 eggs per infested cell), we calculated brood removal based on data from PWall and PBoth groups. Within 6 h, both stocks removed the contents of 39.24 +/- 4.94% of PWall cells. A higher removal rate of 50.51 +/- 5.80% was observed in PBoth cells. These two groups of brood had the highest numbers of eggs per infested cell (50-70 eggs). Eggs hatched after the 6 h observation and subsequent hygienic removal was of brood infested with larvae. At 20 h, additional 56.41 +/- 4.62% (PWall) and 42.04 +/- 4.91% (PBoth) removal rates were observed. Overall, the cumulative removal rates for both stocks were similar with means of 85.11 +/- 2.98% and 84.32 +/- 4.29% for the commercial and Russian honey bees, respectively. In conclusion, we observed that both honey bee stocks were able to detect eggs inside the sealed brood cells and remove them with the infested brood. C1 [de Guzman, Lilia I.; Frake, Amanda M.; Rinderer, Thomas E.] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. RP de Guzman, LI (reprint author), USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Lab, 1157 Ben Hur Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. EM lilia.deguzman@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA JOURNALS LIBRARIAN, 18 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF1 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 3 BP 216 EP 221 DI 10.3827/IBRA.1.47.3.10 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 344PB UT WOS:000258938700010 ER PT J AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Wardell, G Ahumada-Segura, F Rinderer, T Danka, R Pettis, J AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Wardell, Gordon Ahumada-Segura, Fabiana Rinderer, Thomas Danka, Robert Pettis, Jeff TI Comparisons of pollen substitute diets for honey bees: consumption rates by colonies and effects on brood and adult populations. SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE colony; brood rearing; nutrition; Apis mellifera; protein; supplementary feeding ID APIS-MELLIFERA AB Commercially available pollen substitute diets for honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) were evaluated for consumption and colony growth (brood and adult populations) and compared with pollen cake and high fructose corn syrup (HFCS). Two trials were conducted; the first for 3 months during the fall and winter and a second for 2 months in the summer. Three diets were tested in Trial 1 (Diet-1, Diet-2, and Diet-3 (liquid and patty form)) and Diet-2 and Diet-3 (patty) in Trial 2. In both Trials, Diet-2 and Diet-3 patty were consumed at rates that were comparable to pollen cake. Colonies consumed significantly less Diet-1 than the other diets. There was a significant relationship between the amount of diet consumed and the change in brood area and adult population size in both Trials. Colonies fed Diet-3 patty produced significantly more brood than those fed pollen cake or any other diet in Trial 1. The lowest brood production occurred in colonies fed Diet-1 or HFCS. Adult populations in colonies fed Diet-3 liquid or patty did not differ from those fed pollen cake, and were significantly larger than colonies fed Diet-1 or Diet-2. In Trial 1, when some pollen was being collected by colonies, Diet-2 and Diet-3 did not differ from pollen cake in brood or adult population growth. C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Wardell, Gordon; Ahumada-Segura, Fabiana] SAFE Res & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85716 USA. [Rinderer, Thomas; Danka, Robert] USDA ARS, Honey Bee Breeding Genet & Physiol Res Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70820 USA. [Pettis, Jeff] USDA ARS, Beltsville Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Gloria.Hoffman@ARS.USDA.gov FU USDA-ARS FX The authors thank Brett Adee and Adee Honey Farms for their valuable assistance in this research. We also thank Mona Chambers, Jennifer Finley, Morgan Caseman, Delayne Caseman, Maurissa Twotwo, and Robert Cox for their technical assistance, and Ruben Narcon. Rufus Issacs, and the two anonymous Reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. This research was funded by USDA-ARS Administrator's grant to GD-H. JP, and TR NR 17 TC 23 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 20 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA 16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 4 BP 265 EP 270 DI 10.3896/IBRA.47.4.06 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 380PG UT WOS:000261477000006 ER PT J AU DeGrandi-Hoffman, G Lucas, T Gronenberg, W Caseman, D AF DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria Lucas, Tiffany Gronenberg, Wulfila Caseman, Delayne TI Brains and brain components in African and European honey bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) - a volumetric comparison. SO JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Apis mellifera scutellata; honey bee brain; mushroom bodies ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; APIS-MELLIFERA; MUSHROOM BODY; PHYSIOLOGICAL-PROPERTIES; FEEDBACK NEURONS; DROSOPHILA; BODIES; IDENTIFICATION; LOCALIZATION; PLASTICITY AB The volumes of brains and major brain regions were compared between European (EHB) and African (AHB) honey bee workers. The brain volume was not significantly different between the two bee races. The overall composition of major brain regions appeared similar except for the lobes of the mushroom bodies, which were significantly larger in EHB. Discriminant analysis indicated that brains from EHB could be distinguished from those of AHB based on the volumes of the central body together with either the mushroom body lobe or the mushroom body calyx. Whether learning and memory capacities differ between AHB and EHB based on the size of mushroom body lobes and whether the differences are adaptive due to the environments where EHB and AHB originated are discussed. C1 [DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria; Caseman, Delayne] USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Lucas, Tiffany] Univ Arizona, Dept Entomol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Gronenberg, Wulfila] Univ Arizona, ARL Div Neurobiol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP DeGrandi-Hoffman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Carl Hayden Bee Res Ctr, 2000 E Allen Rd, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Gloria.Hoffman@ARS.USDA.GOV FU USDA [NRI-2003-01364]; NSF [0519483] FX The authors thank Gene Robinson, Stanley S. Schneider and David Tarpy for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. The research was funded by USDA (NRI-2003-01364 to G. D.-H.) and by NSF (IOB-0519483 to W.G.) NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT BEE RESEARCH ASSOC PI CARDIFF PA 16 NORTH RD, CARDIFF CF10 3DY, WALES SN 0021-8839 J9 J APICULT RES JI J. Apic. Res. PY 2008 VL 47 IS 4 BP 281 EP 285 DI 10.3896/IBRA.1.47.4.08 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 380PG UT WOS:000261477000008 ER PT J AU Zhong, SY Li, J Clements, CB De Wekker, SFJ Bian, XD AF Zhong, Shiyuan Li, Ju Clements, Craig B. De Wekker, Stephan F. J. Bian, Xindi TI Forcing mechanisms for Washoe Zephyr - A daytime downslope wind system in the lee of the Sierra Nevada SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGIONAL-SCALE FLOWS; MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN; DIURNAL CIRCULATION; BOLIVIAN ALTIPLANO; BASIN; PLAIN AB This paper investigates the formation mechanisms for a local wind phenomenon known as Washoe Zephyr that occurs frequently in the lee of the Sierra Nevada. Unlike the typical thermally driven slope flows with upslope wind during daytime and downslope at night, the Washoe Zephyr winds blow down the lee slopes of the Sierra Nevada in the afternoon against the local pressure gradient. Long-term hourly surface wind data from several stations on the eastern slope of the Sierra Nevada and rawinsonde sounding data in the region are analyzed and numerical simulations are performed to test the suggested hypotheses on the formation mechanisms for this interesting phenomenon. The results from surface and upper-air climate data analyses and numerical modeling indicate that the Washoe Zephyr is primarily a result of a regional-scale pressure gradient that develops because of asymmetric heating of the atmosphere between the western side of the Sierra Nevada and the elevated, semiarid central Nevada and Great Basin on the eastern side of the Sierra Nevada. The frequent influence of the Pacific high on California in the summer season helps to enhance this pressure gradient and therefore strengthen the flow. Westerly synoptic-scale winds over the Sierra Nevada and the associated downward momentum transfer are not necessary for its development, but strong westerly winds aloft work in concert with the regional-scale pressure gradient to produce the strongest Washoe Zephyr events. C1 [Zhong, Shiyuan] Univ Michigan, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Zhong, Shiyuan] Univ Michigan, Ctr Climate Change & Earth Observat, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Li, Ju] Inst Urban Meteorol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Clements, Craig B.] Univ Houston, Dept Geosci, Houston, TX USA. [Clements, Craig B.] Univ Houston, Inst Multi Dimens Air Qual Studies, Houston, TX USA. [De Wekker, Stephan F. J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. [Bian, Xindi] USDA, No Res Stn, Forest Serv, E Lansing, MI USA. RP Zhong, SY (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Geog, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM zhongs@msu.edu OI De Wekker, Stephan/0000-0002-6343-854X NR 23 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 339 EP 350 DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1576.1 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 266BO UT WOS:000253406500022 ER PT J AU Kennaway, TA Helmer, EH Lefsky, MA Brandeis, TA Sherrill, KR AF Kennaway, Todd A. Helmer, Eileen H. Lefsky, Michael A. Brandeis, Thomas A. Sherrill, Kirk R. TI Mapping land cover and estimating forest structure using satellite imagery and coarse resolution lidar in the Virgin Islands SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Land cover; decision tree software; discrete lidar; forest structure; regression modeling; Virgin Islands ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; TROPICAL FOREST; AIRBORNE LIDAR; SUCCESSIONAL STAGE; PUERTO-RICO; LASER; BIOMASS; TREES; CLASSIFICATION; ACCURACY AB Current information on land cover, forest type and forest structure for the Virgin Islands is critical to land managers and researchers for accurate forest inventory and ecological monitoring. In this study, we use cloud free image mosaics of panchromatic sharpened Landsat ETM+ images and decision tree classification software to map land cover and forest type for the Virgin Islands, illustrating a low cost, repeatable mapping approach. Also, we test if coarse-resolution discrete lidar data that are often collected in conjunction with digital orthophotos are useful for mapping forest structural attributes. This approach addresses the factors that affect vegetation distribution and structure by testing if environmental variables can improve regression models of forest height and biomass derived from lidar data. The overall accuracy of the 29 forest and non-forest classes is 72%, while most the forest types are classified with greater than 70% accuracy. Due to the large point spacing of this lidar dataset, it is most appropriate for height measurements of dominant and co-dominant trees (R(2) = 72%) due to its inability to accurately represent forest understory. Above ground biomass per hectare is estimated by its direct relationship with plot canopy height (R(2) = 0.72%). C1 [Kennaway, Todd A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewards, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Helmer, Eileen H.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, USDA, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA. [Lefsky, Michael A.; Sherrill, Kirk R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ctr Ecol Anal Lidar, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brandeis, Thomas A.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Knoxville, TN 37919 USA. RP Kennaway, TA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest Rangeland & Watershed Stewards, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM kennaway@cnr.colostate.edu FU U. S. Forest Service (USFS) International Institute of Tropical Forestry (IITF) State and Private Forestry Program FX This project was funded by the U. S. Forest Service (USFS) International Institute of Tropical Forestry (IITF) State and Private Forestry Program. The work is a contribution to the Caribbean Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) Program and Southern Research Station Forest Inventory Analysis Program and was completed in cooperation with the USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station (RMRS) and Colorado State University's Department of Forestry, Rangeland and Watershed Stewardship. Thanks also to Humfredo Marcano-Vega for assistance with identification of forest types. We also thank Dr. David Theobald for input and review, and expert advice. NR 64 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 2 AR 023551 DI 10.1117/1.3063939 PG 27 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 417AG UT WOS:000264046200055 ER PT J AU Lantz, K Disterhoft, P Slusser, J Gao, W Berndt, J Bernhard, G Bloms, S Booth, R Ehramjian, J Harrison, L Janson, G Johnston, P Kiedron, P McKenzie, R Kimlin, M Neale, P O'Neill, M Quang, VV Seckmeyer, G Taylor, T Wuttke, S Michalsky, J AF Lantz, Kathleen Disterhoft, Patrick Slusser, James Gao, Wei Berndt, Jerry Bernhard, Germar Bloms, Sarah Booth, Rocky Ehramjian, James Harrison, Lee Janson, George Johnston, Paul Kiedron, Piotr McKenzie, Richard Kimlin, Michael Neale, Patrick O'Neill, Michael Quang, Vi V. Seckmeyer, Gunther Taylor, Thomas Wuttke, Sigrid Michalsky, Joseph TI 2003 North American interagency intercomparison of ultraviolet spectroradiometers: scanning and spectrograph instruments SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE spectroradiometer; filter radiometer; ultraviolet; intercomparison ID SHADOW-BAND RADIOMETER; MONITORING SPECTRORADIOMETERS; COLUMN OZONE; RADIATION; IRRADIANCE; LABORATORIES; CALIBRATION; STANDARDS; NETWORK; BREWER AB The fifth North American Intercomparison of Ultraviolet Monitoring Spectroradiometers was held June 13 to 21, 2003 at Table Mountain outside of Boulder, Colorado, USA. The main purpose of the Intercomparison was to assess the ability of spectroradiometers to accurately measure solar ultraviolet irradiance, and to compare the results between instruments of different monitoring networks. This Intercomparison was coordinated by NOAA and included participants from six national and international agencies. The UV measuring instruments included scanning spectroradiometers, spectrographs, and multi-filter radiometers. Synchronized spectral scans of the solar irradiance were performed between June 16 and 20, 2003. The spectral responsivities were determined for each instrument using the participants' lamps and calibration procedures and with NOAA/CUCF standard lamps. This paper covers the scanning spectroradiometers and the one spectrograph. The solar irradiance measurements from the different instruments were deconvolved using a high resolution extraterrestrial solar irradiance and reconvolved with a 1-nm triangular band-pass to account for differences in the bandwidths of the instruments. The measured solar irradiance from the spectroradiometers using the rivmSHIC algorithm on a clear-sky day on DOY 172 at 17.0 UTC (SZA = 30 degrees) had a relative 1-sigma standard deviation of +/-2.6 to 3.4% for 300- to 360-nm using the participants' calibration. C1 [Lantz, Kathleen; Disterhoft, Patrick; Bloms, Sarah; Kiedron, Piotr; O'Neill, Michael] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Berndt, Jerry; Harrison, Lee; Kiedron, Piotr] SUNY Albany, Atmospher Sci Res Ctr, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Bernhard, Germar; Booth, Rocky; Ehramjian, James; Quang, Vi V.] Biospher Inc, San Diego, CA 92110 USA. [Johnston, Paul; McKenzie, Richard] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Lauder, New Zealand. [Slusser, James; Gao, Wei; Janson, George] Colorado State Univ, USDA, UV B Monitoring & Res Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Michalsky, Joseph] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Kimlin, Michael; Taylor, Thomas] Univ Georgia, Natl Ultraviolet Monitoring Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Neale, Patrick] Smithsonian Environm Res Ctr, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA. [Seckmeyer, Gunther; Wuttke, Sigrid] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Meteorol & Climatol, D-30419 Hannover, Germany. [Kimlin, Michael] Queensland Univ Technol, Australian Sun & Hlth Res, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Lantz, K (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RI Gao, Wei/C-1430-2016; OI Kimlin, Michael/0000-0002-9536-8646 FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Assistance; US Department of Agriculture UV-B Monitoring; Research Program [2003-34263-13509, 2004-34263-14270] FX Operation of the National Science Foundation's Polar Ultraviolet Monitoring Network, along with participation in this Intercomparison, was funded from Antarctic Support Associates at the National Science Foundation, Office of Polar Programs. Operation of the National Ultraviolet Monitoring Network, along with participation in this Intercomparison, was funded through the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Assistance. Development of the U111 Ultraviolet Scanning Radiometer, participation in this Intercomparison, and operation of the USDA UV Network was funded by the US Department of Agriculture UV-B Monitoring and Research Program through contracts 2003-34263-13509 and 2004-34263-14270 under the direction of Dr. Daniel Schmoldt. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 2 AR 023547 DI 10.1117/1.3040299 PG 33 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 417AG UT WOS:000264046200051 ER PT J AU Liu, YQ Achtemeier, G Goodrick, S AF Liu, Yongqiang Achtemeier, Gary Goodrick, Scott TI Sensitivity of air quality simulation to smoke plume rise SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE prescribed burning; air quality; plume rise; CMAQ simulation; sensitivity analysis ID UNITED-STATES; SATELLITE; EMISSIONS; FIRES AB Plume rise is the height smoke plumes can reach. This information is needed by air quality models such as the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model to simulate physical and chemical processes of point-source fire emissions. This study seeks to understand the importance of plume rise to CMAQ air quality simulation of prescribed burning to plume rise. CMAQ simulations are compared between fire emissions as area and point sources. For point source, Daysmoke is used to calculate plume rise. A burn day in Florida is examined. The results indicate significant sensitivity of simulated PM2.5 (particulate matter with a size smaller than 2.5 mu m) concentrations to plume rise. The air quality effects, measured by PM2.5 concentrations at the burning area, are more significant by specifying fire emissions as an area source. The implication of the results for the uncertainty in evaluating the contribution of prescribed burning to regional air pollution is discussed. C1 [Liu, Yongqiang; Achtemeier, Gary; Goodrick, Scott] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Liu, YQ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Disturbance Sci, Forestry Sci Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM yliu@fs.fed.us RI Goodrick, Scott/A-9957-2009 NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 2 AR 021503 DI 10.1117/1.2938723 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 417AG UT WOS:000264046200003 ER PT J AU Rango, A Laliberte, A Winters, C AF Rango, Albert Laliberte, Andrea Winters, Craig TI Role of aerial photos in compiling a long-term remote sensing data set SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE aerial photography; rangelands; ecology; historic landscape legacies; vegetation change ID SOUTHERN NEW-MEXICO; LANDSAT-TM; IMAGERY; ENCROACHMENT; HEALTH AB Long-term data sets are important in the fields of ecology, hydrology, rangeland science, and geography. Remote sensing is an especially important component of such studies when spatial and temporal capabilities are important considerations. In many cases, satellite remote sensing is not adequate because of resolution or length of observation drawbacks. However, aerial photography, which extends back into the mid 1930s, is often overlooked. In order to find relevant imagery, considerable effort needs to be expended because the aerial photos over a particular study area can be scattered in a large number of archives across the country. Once the photos are assembled, digital scanning, proper documentation, storage, and a searchable data base are necessary to make easy and effective use of the aerial photos. The aerial photo data are of immense value to researchers, natural resource managers, students, and the general public. C1 [Rango, Albert] USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Laliberte, Andrea; Winters, Craig] New Mexico State Univ, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Rango, A (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 30003 MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM alrango@nmsu.edu; alaliber@nmsu.edu; craigwin@nmsu.edu FU USDA Agricultural Research Service; National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Program FX This research was funded by the USDA Agricultural Research Service and the National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Program, Jornada Basin LTER V: Landscape Linkages in Arid and Semiarid Ecosystems. The authors would like to acknowledge the technical support of Ms. Bernice Gamboa. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 2 AR 023541 DI 10.1117/1.3009225 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 417AG UT WOS:000264046200046 ER PT J AU Schroeder, TA Gray, A Harmon, ME Wallin, DO Cohen, WB AF Schroeder, Todd A. Gray, Andrew Harmon, Mark E. Wallin, David O. Cohen, Warren B. TI Estimating live forest carbon dynamics with a Landsat-based curve-fitting approach SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Live forest carbon; Forest inventory data; Site index; Chapman-Richards growth curves; Landsat time-series ID THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; TM TASSELED CAP; WESTERN OREGON; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; BRAZILIAN AMAZON; INVENTORY DATA; UNITED-STATES; SITE INDEX; BIOMASS; USA AB Direct estimation of aboveground biomass with spectral reflectance data has proven challenging for high biomass forests of the Pacific Northwestern United States. We present an alternative modeling strategy which uses Landsat's spatial, spectral and temporal characteristics to predict live forest carbon through integration of stand age and site index maps and locally calibrated Chapman-Richards curves. Predictions from the curve-fit model were evaluated at the local and landscape scales using two periods of field inventory data. At the pixel-level, the curve-fit model had large positive bias statistics and at the landscape scale over-predicted study area carbon for both inventory periods. Despite the over-estimation, the change in forest carbon estimated by the curve-fit model was well within the standard error of the inventory estimates. In addition to validating the curve-fit models carbon predictions we used Landsat data to evaluate the degree to which the field inventory plots captured the forest conditions of the study area. Landsat-based frequency histograms revealed the systematic sample of inventory plots effectively captured the broad range of forest conditions found in the study area, whereas stand age trajectories revealed a temporally punctuated shift in land-use which was not spectrally detected by the inventory sample. C1 [Schroeder, Todd A.; Harmon, Mark E.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Gray, Andrew; Cohen, Warren B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Wallin, David O.] Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Dept Environm Sci, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. [Wallin, David O.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources Management, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. RP Schroeder, TA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Dept Forest Sci, 321 Richardson Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM todd.schroeder@ubc.ca FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest research station's Forest Inventory and Analysis Program FX We gratefully acknowledge data and financial support provided by the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest research station's Forest Inventory and Analysis Program. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 2 AR 023519 DI 10.1117/1.2937821 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 417AG UT WOS:000264046200024 ER PT J AU Zheng, DL Heath, LS Ducey, MJ AF Zheng, Daolan Heath, Linda S. Ducey, Mark J. TI Spatial distribution of forest aboveground biomass estimated from remote sensing and forest inventory data in New England, USA SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Reflectance; stand age; ratio map; vegetation indices; biomass density ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; LANDSAT THEMATIC MAPPER; SATELLITE DATA; NATIONAL-PARK; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; BOREAL FORESTS; STATES; STAND; MODIS; AGE AB We combined satellite (Landsat 7 and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer) and U. S. Department of Agriculture forest inventory and analysis (FIA) data to estimate forest aboveground biomass (AGB) across New England, USA. This is practical for large-scale carbon studies and may reduce uncertainty of AGB estimates. We estimate that total regional forest AGB was 1,867 teragram (10(12), dry weight) in 2001, with a mean AGB density of 120 Mg/ha (Standard deviation = 54 Mg/ha) ranging from 15 to 240 Mg/ha within a 95% percentile. The majority of regional AGB density was in the range of 80 to 160 Mg/ha (58.2%). High AGB densities were observed along the Appalachian Mountains from northwestern Connecticut to the Green Mountains in Vermont and White Mountains in New Hampshire, while low AGB densities were concentrated in the Downeast area of Maine (ME) and the Cape Cod area of Massachusetts (MA). At the state level, the averaged difference in mean AGB densities between simulated and FIA (as reference) was -2.0% ranging from 0% to -4.2% with a standard error of 3.2%. Within the 95% confidence interval the differences between FIA and simulated AGB densities ranged from 0 to 6% (absolute value). Our study may provide useful information for regional fuel-loading estimates. C1 [Zheng, Daolan; Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Heath, Linda S.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Zheng, DL (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM daolan.zheng@unh.edu; lheath@fs.fed.us; mjducey@unh.edu RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016 NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 1931-3195 J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS JI J. Appl. Remote Sens. PY 2008 VL 2 AR 021502 DI 10.1117/1.2940686 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 417AG UT WOS:000264046200002 ER PT J AU Wu, TH Bechtel, PJ AF Wu, Ted H. Bechtel, Peter J. TI Ammonia, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, and trimethylamine oxide from raw and processed fish by-products SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Trans Atlantic Fisheries Technology Conference CY OCT, 2006 CL Quebec City, CANADA DE ammonia; dimethylamine (I)MA); trimethylamine (TMA); trimethylamine oxide (TMAO); fish by-products; capillary electrophoresis (CE) ID FRESHNESS; STORAGE AB Concentrations of ammonia, monomethylamine (MMA), dimethylamine (DMA), trimethylamine (TMA), and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) in raw and processed fish by-products were determined in cold-water marine fish using a capillary electrophoresis (CE) method. The CE method provides a fast and sensitive procedure to simultaneously quantify volatile amines and TMAO in raw and processed fish samples. Total volatile bases nitrogen (TVB-N) values were calculated from the concentrations of the respective individual volatile amines detected within the samples. TVB-N calculated concentrations ranged from a low of 12 +/- 3.7 mg N/100g (n = 3) to a high value of 119.1 +/- 27.2 mg N/100g (n 3) wet weight for the raw fish by-products and from 60 +/- 2.4 mg N/100g (n = 3) to 300.9 +/- 40.5 mg N/100g (n = 3) dry weight for the processed fish by-products. No MMA was detected in any of the samples tested. Raw viscera samples contained increased concentrations of DMA and TMA relative to the other samples tested. High levels of TMAO and TMA in the freeze-dried stickwater suggested decomposition of TMAO and/or fractionation into the stickwater during processing since these compounds are water soluble. Results indicated that there is a wide distribution on the levels of TMAO, ammonia, TMA, DMA, and calculated TVB-N in the materials tested. It is possible that these values can be used as quality indicators of raw material freshness and as indicators for the potential to spoil. Values for processed fish by-products tested can also be used as quality indicators. C1 [Wu, Ted H.; Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Seafood Lab, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Wu, TH (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Seafood Lab, 245 O Neill Bldg,POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ftthw@uaf.edu NR 15 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 13 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1049-8850 J9 J AQUAT FOOD PROD T JI J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 27 EP 38 DI 10.1080/10498850801891140 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 296FV UT WOS:000255529800005 ER PT J AU Plante, S Smiley, S Oliveira, ACM Stone, DAJ Hardy, RW Bechtel, PJ AF Plante, Sebastien Smiley, Scott Oliveira, Alexandra C. M. Stone, David A. J. Hardy, Ronald W. Bechtel, Peter J. TI Chemical characterization of testes meals made from Alaska's seafood processing byproducts SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE walleye pollock; pink salmon; gonads; milt; fish meal; purines ID FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-OLIVACEUS; HALIBUT HIPPOGLOSSUS-HIPPOGLOSSUS; SALMO-SALAR L.; DIETARY NUCLEOTIDES; AMINO-ACID; ATLANTIC COD; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FISH-MEAL; PROTEIN; GROWTH AB Our objective was to produce a unique feed ingredient from underutilized walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) and pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) testes. Protein content in meals from both species (72% and 80%, respectively) were above the values found in high quality herring meals (similar to 70%), but both were poor in some essential amino acids, e.g., methionine. Additionally, both were good sources of the amino acid taurine (1.7 and 2.2% of meal, respectively). Pollock meal was very rich in phospholipids (82% of total lipids) and in DHA (28 mg/g meal) and EPA (18 mg/g meal), indicating potential as an ingredient in larval starter diets. The purine contents in both pollock and salmon testes meals were more than 10 times the concentrations found in other fish byproducts or commercial fishmeals. The high concentrations of purines found in these testes, especially in the salmon meal, make it an ideal candidate for an immune system stimulant when added to dietary formulations. C1 [Plante, Sebastien; Smiley, Scott; Oliveira, Alexandra C. M.] Univ Alaska, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. [Stone, David A. J.; Hardy, Ronald W.] Univ Idaho, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Subarctic Agr Res Unit, USDA ARS, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Plante, S (reprint author), Inst Rech Zones, 232B Rue Eglise, Shippegan, NB E8S 1J2, Canada. EM sebastien.plante@irzc.umes.ca NR 56 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1049-8850 J9 J AQUAT FOOD PROD T JI J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 195 EP 211 DI 10.1080/10498850801937265 PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 304EV UT WOS:000256093700007 ER PT J AU Bower, CK Hietala, KA AF Bower, C. K. Hietala, K. A. TI Acidification Methods for Stabilization and Storage of Salmon By-Products SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE By-products; silage; fermentate; salmon; heads; viscera ID LACTIC-ACID BACTERIA; FISH SILAGE; AMINO-ACID; FERMENTATION; VISCERA AB High-quality by-products from fish processing are sometimes discarded unless fishmeal plants are located nearby. Other preservation methods, such as acidification, are less commonly used to inhibit spoilage. In this study, individual salmon by-products (heads, viscera, and a mixture) were stabilized through fermentation by lactic acid bacteria and through ensilage by direct acidification. Lipid and protein quality decreased in all samples with storage time (up to 120 days). Of note, viscera and heads preserved separately consistently maintained a lower, more effective pH than when mixed together, regardless of treatment, which has major implications for how fish processing waste should be collected and stored if maximum nutritional quality is to be preserved. C1 [Bower, C. K.; Hietala, K. A.] USDA ARS, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Bower, CK (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 757200, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM Bower@sfos.uaf.edu NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 12 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1049-8850 J9 J AQUAT FOOD PROD T JI J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. PY 2008 VL 17 IS 4 BP 459 EP 478 DI 10.1080/10498850802380572 PG 20 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 374VS UT WOS:000261072400008 ER PT J AU Everitt, JH Yang, C Fletcher, R Deloach, CJ AF Everitt, J. H. Yang, C. Fletcher, R. Deloach, C. J. TI Comparison of QuickBird and SPOT 5 satellite imagery for mapping giant reed SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE accuracy assessment; Arundo donax; false color imagery; QuickBird satellite imagery; SPOT 5 satellite imagery; supervised image analysis AB QuickBird (2.4 in resolution) and SPOT 5 (10 in resolution) multi-spectral satellite imagery were compared for mapping the invasive grass, giant reed (Arundo donax L.), along the Rio Grande in southwest Texas. The imagery had three bands (green, red, and near-infrared). Three subsets from both the QuickBird and SPOT 5 images were extracted and used as study sites. The same subsets were extracted from both images. The images were subjected to supervised image analysis. Accuracy assessments performed on QuickBird classification maps from the three sites had producer's and user's accuracies for giant reed that ranged from 92% to 100%. Accuracy assessments performed on SPOT 5 classification maps from the three sites had producer's and user's accuracies for giant reed ranging from 75.7% to 93.3%. The lower accuracies of the SPOT 5 image classifications were attributed to its coarser resolution. C1 [Everitt, J. H.; Yang, C.; Fletcher, R.] USDA ARS, Integrated Farming & Nat Resources Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Deloach, C. J.] USDA ARS, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Everitt, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Integrated Farming & Nat Resources Unit, 2413 E Highway 83, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM jeveritt@weslaco.ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI VICKSBURG PA PO BOX 821265, VICKSBURG, MS 39182 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 46 BP 77 EP 82 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 301UE UT WOS:000255920300010 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Stocker, RK Liow, PS Whitehand, LC Ksander, GG Fox, AM Everitt, JH Quinn, LD AF Spencer, David F. Stocker, R. K. Liow, P. -S. Whitehand, L. C. Ksander, G. G. Fox, A. M. Everitt, J. H. Quinn, L. D. TI Comparative growth of giant reed (Arundo donax L.) from Florida, Texas, and California SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Carrizo cane; common garden experiment; elephant grass; leaf nitrogen content; plant architecture; plant dry weight ID LEAF QUALITY; PLANTS; SPREAD; CO2 AB Giant reed (Arundo donax L.) occurs throughout the U.S. from California to Maryland. It is considered an invasive plant in some parts of this range but not others. To test the hypothesis that plants from different regions have similar growth characteristics, we grew plants from stem cuttings collected at two sites in Florida, one site in Texas, and two sites in California in a common garden experiment in Davis, California. Plants were grown outdoors in topsoil or a 90:10 sand:topsoil mix, in large plastic containers. All plants survived winter conditions in Davis, California, during 2004, when the minimum air temperature was -3.3 C. Stem width, number of stems per plant, number of leaves per stem, total leaf area per plant, and RGR(NSTEMS) did not differ among the provenances studied. Variegated plants had somewhat greater stem angles, indicating that the stems were more prostrate early in the growing season. Differences in stem height, number of internodes per stem, and mean internode distance were consistent with those expected from the inclusion of variegated plants in this study. Plant dry weight differed depending on plant origin and substrate type. Variegated plants weighed less regardless of the substrate. With the exception of a variegated form, plants from disparate geographic locations grew equally well under similar conditions, and no differences in growth characteristics were found that would suggest different invasive potential and impact on resident species. C1 [Spencer, David F.; Liow, P. -S.; Ksander, G. G.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Stocker, R. K.; Fox, A. M.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Stocker, R. K.; Fox, A. M.] Univ Florida, Ctr Aquat & Invas Plants, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Whitehand, L. C.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Everitt, J. H.] ARS, USDA, Integrated Farming & Nat Resources Unit, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Quinn, L. D.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RI Quinn, Lauren/F-9742-2010 OI Quinn, Lauren/0000-0002-9349-9191 NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 9 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 46 BP 89 EP 96 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 301UE UT WOS:000255920300012 ER PT J AU Silvers, CS Pratt, PD Rayamajhi, MB Center, TD AF Silvers, C. S. Pratt, P. D. Rayamajhi, M. B. Center, T. D. TI Shoot demographics for melaleuca and impacts of simulated herbivory on vegetative development SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; OXYOPS-VITIOSA COLEOPTERA; RURAL EUCALYPTS; WOODY-PLANTS; DIETARY QUALITY; SOUTH FLORIDA; QUINQUENERVIA; GROWTH; CURCULIONIDAE; PHENOLOGY C1 [Silvers, C. S.; Pratt, P. D.; Rayamajhi, M. B.; Center, T. D.] USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. RP Pratt, PD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, 3225 Coll Ave, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. EM Paul.Pratt@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 46 BP 121 EP 125 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 301UE UT WOS:000255920300019 ER PT J AU Miliczky, ER Horton, DR Calkins, CO AF Miliczky, Eugene R. Horton, David R. Calkins, Carrol O. TI Observations on phenology and overwintering of spiders associated with apple and pear orchards in south-central Washington SO JOURNAL OF ARACHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Araneae; life history; seasonality ID INTEGRATED PEST-MANAGEMENT; MOUNTAINS-NATIONAL-PARK; HABITAT DISTRIBUTION; LIFE HISTORIES; ARANEAE; LEPIDOPTERA; LARVAE; AGROECOSYSTEMS; BIODIVERSITY; THERIDIIDAE AB Beating tray and sweep net samples from apple and pear orchards in south-central Washington State were used to obtain information on life history and phenology of orchard-associated spiders. Cardboard shelters placed in the orchards in the fall and collected during the winter yielded information on spider overwintering. Ditto were obtained for 43 species in 28 genera and 12 families. The eight most abundant species were Pelegrino aeneola (Curtis 1892), Meioneta fillmorana (Chamberlin 1919), Oxyopes scalaris Hentz 1845, Theridion neomexicanum Banks 1901, Misumenops lepidus (Thorell 1877), Xysticus cunctator Thorell 1877, Philodromus cespitum (Walckenaer 18()2), and,Sassacus papenhoei Peckham & Peckham 1895. Each was represented by more than 690 specimens. Salticidae, Philodromidae. and Linyphiidae were represented by the largest number of species. Most species appear to have univoltine life cycles in the study area. Species matured in different times during the season between spring and fall. Twenty-seven species utilized cardboard shelters for overwintering, but some common spiders failed to do so and apparently use Alternative locations. Some species overwintered in a broad range of developmental stages, whereas other species overwintered in only one or two instars. C1 [Miliczky, Eugene R.; Horton, David R.; Calkins, Carrol O.] ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. RP Miliczky, ER (reprint author), ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, USDA, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM Gene.Miliczky@ars.usda.gov FU Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (IFAFS) FX Funding for this research was provided by all Initiative for Future Agriculture and Food Systems (IFAFS) grant and by grants from the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission. Rod Crawford (The Burke Museum, University of Washington, Seattle), Andrew Moldenke (Oregon State University, Corvallis), and G.B. Edwards (Florida State Collection of Arthropods, Gainesville) assisted with spider identifications. Rod Crawford, Lerry Lacey (USDA - Yakitna Agricultural Research Laboratory), and two anonymous reviewers read earlier drafts of this paper and made helpful comments for its improvement. Merilee Bayer assisted with orchard sampling and with sorting and rearing of spiders. We are especially grateful to the many Yakitna County apple and pear growers who allowed ready access to their orchards for sampling and observation. NR 55 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ARACHNOLOGICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PARK PA UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, 4112 PLANT SCIENCES BLDG, COLLEGE PARK, MD 20742-4454 USA SN 0161-8202 J9 J ARACHNOL JI J. Arachnol. PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 565 EP 573 DI 10.1636/T07-29.1 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 378TX UT WOS:000261348000012 ER PT J AU Farid, A Goodrich, DC Bryant, R Sorooshian, S AF Farid, A. Goodrich, D. C. Bryant, R. Sorooshian, S. TI Using airborne lidar to predict Leaf Area Index in cottonwood trees and refine riparian water-use estimates SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Review DE cottonwood; Leaf Area Index; lidar; riparian; San Pedro River Basin ID TROPICAL FOREST; LASER DATA; TRANSPIRATION; CANOPY AB Estimation of riparian forest structural attributes, such as the Leaf Area Index (LAI), is an important step in identifying the amount of water use in riparian forest areas. In this study, small-footprint lidar data were used to estimate biophysical properties of young, mature, and old cottonwood trees in the Upper San Pedro River Basin, Arizona, USA. Canopy height and maximum and mean laser heights were derived for the cottonwood trees from lidar data. Linear regression models were used to develop equations relating lidar height metrics with corresponding field-measured LAI for each age class of cottonwoods. Four metrics (tree height, height of median energy, ground return ratio, and canopy return ratio) were derived by synthetically constructing a large-footprint lidar waveform from small-footprint lidar data which were compared to ground-based high-resolution Intelligent Laser Ranging and Imaging System (ILRIS) scanner images. These four metrics were incorporated into a stepwise regression procedure to predict field-derived LAI for different age classes of cottonwoods. This research applied the Penman-Monteith model to estimate transpiration of the cottonwoods using lidar-derived canopy metrics. These transpiration estimates compared very well to ground-based sap flux transpiration estimates indicating lidar-derived LAI can be used to improve riparian cottonwood water-use estimates. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Farid, A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Goodrich, D. C.; Bryant, R.] USDA, ARS, SWRC, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Sorooshian, S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA USA. RP Farid, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM farid@hwr.arizona.edu RI sorooshian, soroosh/B-3753-2008; Goodrich, David/B-1763-2009 OI sorooshian, soroosh/0000-0001-7774-5113; Goodrich, David/0000-0001-7735-1448 NR 28 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 72 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.04.010 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 241RY UT WOS:000251674700001 ER PT J AU Kim, S Xu, J AF Kim, S. Xu, J. TI Aggregate formation of zein and its structural inversion in aqueous ethanol SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE zein; dynamic light scattering; aggregation; structural inversion ID CORN; PROTEIN; FILMS AB Zein is a prolamine of maize. Conventionally, 70-90% aqueous ethanol is used to dissolve zein. When the hydrodynamic radii of zein molecules in aqueous ethanol were monitored with a dynamic light scattering instrument, it was found that zein aggregates in the solvent and the degree of aggregation depends on the composition of the solvent mixture. As the ethanol content of solvent increased from 70% to 90%, the aggregation number of zein molecules decreased from 10,000 until it reached a minimum. The aggregation number then increased abruptly to greater than 10,000 as the ethanol content of the solvent mixture increased to 92%. Since zein has amphiphilic characteristics, this behavior was interpreted as the formation of a micelle-like structure in its solution whereby ca. 90% ethanol that showed minimum aggregation number is regarded as a structural inversion point. This point of view was supported by a simple experiment that showed selective interaction of zein molecules with hydrophilic or hydrophobic particles. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Kim, S.; Xu, J.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Kim, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM sanghoon.kim@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.08.004 PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 253MW UT WOS:000252523300001 ER PT J AU Bunzel, M Allerdings, E Ralph, J Steinhart, H AF Bunzel, Mirko Allerdings, Ella Ralph, John Steinhart, Hans TI Cross-linking of arabinoxylans via 8-8-coupled diferulates as demonstrated by isolation and identification of diarabinosyl 8-8 (cyclic)-dehydrodiferulate from maize bran SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE diferulic acid; ferulic acid; cell-wall cross-linking; arabinoxylans; dietary fibre ID ETHYL-ESTER DERIVATIVES; FERULIC ACID; CELL-WALLS; STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION; DEHYDROTRIFERULIC ACIDS; INSOLUBLE FIBER; DIETARY FIBER; DEHYDRODIMERS; WHEAT; OLIGOSACCHARIDES AB Dehydrodiferulates are likely the most important arabinoxylan cross-links in cereals and grasses in general. However, association of dehydrodiferulates and arabinoxylans has only been authenticated for 5-5- and 8-O-4-dehydrodiferulates to date. In the present study, a saccharide ester of 8-8(cyclic)-dehydrodiferulate was isolated from maize bran insoluble fibre following mild acidic hydrolysis by using Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, gel chromatography on Bio-Gel P-2, and RP-HPLC. Mass spectrometry, one- and two-dimensional NMR and analysis of the carbohydrate and phenolic constituents following further hydrolysis identified the isolated compound as the di-5-O-L-arabinosyl ester of 8-8(cyclic)-dehydrodiferulic acid. From this finding it is apparent that 8-8(cyclic)-dehydrodiferulate exists as such in the plant cell wall and acts as an arabinoxylan cross-link. In addition, a fraction was isolated that contained two saccharide esters of 8-O-4-dehydrodiferulates. This fraction was comprised of two compounds, both built from 8-0-4-dehydrodiferulate, a 5-linked arabinofuranose and a 5-linked xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-arabinofuranose unit. These compounds show that, in addition to the 5-O-(trans-feruloyl)-L-arabinofuranosyl sidechain, the more complex beta-D-Xylopyranosyl-(1 -> 2)-5-O-trans-feruloyl-L-arabinofuranosyl sidechains are involved in the formation of 8-O-4-dehydrodiferulates. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Bunzel, Mirko; Allerdings, Ella; Steinhart, Hans] Univ Hamburg, Dept Food Chem, Inst Biochem & Food Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Ralph, John] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ralph, John] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Bunzel, M (reprint author), Univ Hamburg, Dept Food Chem, Inst Biochem & Food Chem, Grindelalle 117, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. EM mirko.bunzel@uni-hamburg.de NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 EI 1095-9963 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2006.12.005 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 253MW UT WOS:000252523300004 ER PT J AU Peterson, DM Dimberg, LH AF Peterson, David M. Dimberg, Lena H. TI Avenanthramide concentrations and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA : hydroxyanthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyltransferase activities in developing oats SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE avenanthramide; development; genotype; oat ID F-SP AVENAE; CROWN RUST; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; CAFFEOYL-COA; SATIVA L.; PHYTOALEXINS; INDUCTION; GROATS; HULLS AB Avenanthramides are unique components of oats (Avena sativa L.) that are described as phytoalexins and that have potential health promoting properties. The objectives of this study were to examine the avenanthramide contents and the activity of the avenanthramide biosynthetic enzyme hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA:hydroxyanthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HHT) in spikelets and leaves of developing field-grown oats and to examine the presence of avenanthramides in unelicited seedling leaves of oats raised in a growth chamber. Avenanthramides were evident in spikelets of field-grown plants within 3-5 days after heading, and they generally increased in concentration throughout maturation. HHT activity was not detected until 21-22 days after heading, but the activity increased with age in most cultivars. In leaves, avenanthramides were evident before heading and generally increased in concentration until about 15 days after heading. At maturity, the concentrations of avenanthramides in spikelets were generally higher than in leaves. Seedling leaves from controlled environments that were not exposed to elicitors had low concentrations of avenanthramides at 7 days after planting, which increased in one cultivar, but not in another, over the next 14 days. These results indicate that unelicited seedling leaves contain avenanthramides, i.e. that avenanthramides are constitutively present in both grains and leaves. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Peterson, David M.] USDA, ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Peterson, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dimberg, Lena H.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Food Sci, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. RP Peterson, DM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, 502 Walnut St, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dmpeter4@wisc.edu NR 31 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2007.02.007 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 253MW UT WOS:000252523300011 ER PT J AU Ralphs, MH Creamer, R Baucom, D Gardner, DR Welsh, SL Graham, JD Hart, C Cook, D Stegelmeier, BL AF Ralphs, M. H. Creamer, R. Baucom, D. Gardner, D. R. Welsh, S. L. Graham, J. D. Hart, C. Cook, D. Stegelmeier, B. L. TI Relationship between the endophyte Embellisia spp. and the toxic alkaloid swainsonine in major locoweed species (Astragalus and Oxytropis) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE locoweed; Astragalus wootoni; Astragalus pubentissimus; Astragalus mollissimus; Astragalus lentiginosus; Oxytropis sericea; swainsonine; poisonous plant; livestock poisoning ID INFECTED TALL FESCUE; NEW-MEXICO; POPULATIONS; LAMBERTII; FUNGI AB Locoweeds (Astragalus and Oxytropis spp. that contain the toxic alkaloid swainsonine) cause widespread poisoning of livestock on western rangelands. There are 354 species of Astragalus and 22 species of Oxytropis in the US and Canada. Recently, a fungal endophyte, Embellisia spp., was isolated from Astragalus and Oxytropis spp. and shown to produce swainsonine. We conducted a survey of the major locoweeds from areas where locoweed poisoning has occurred to verify the presence of the endophyte and to relate endophyte infection with swainsonine concentrations. Species found to contain the fungal endophyte and produce substantial amounts of swainsonine were A. wootoni, A. pubentissimus, A. mollissimus, A. lentiginosus, and O. sericea. Astragalus species generally had higher concentrations of swainsonine than Oxytropis. Swainsonine was not detected in A. alpinus, A. cibarius, A. coltonii, A. filipes, or O. campestris. The endophyte could not be cultured from A. mollissimus var. thompsonii or A. amphioxys, but was detected by polymerase chain reaction, and only 30% of these samples contained trace levels of swainsonine. Further research is necessary to determine if the endophyte is able to colonize these and other species of Astragalus and Oxytropis and determine environmental influences on its growth and synthesis of swainsonine. C1 [Ralphs, M. H.; Gardner, D. R.; Cook, D.; Stegelmeier, B. L.] USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Creamer, R.; Baucom, D.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Entomol Plant Pathol & Weed Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Graham, J. D.] New Mexico State Univ, Extens Serv, Clayton, NM 88415 USA. [Welsh, S. L.] Brigham Young Univ, Bean Nat Hist Museum, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Hart, C.] Texas A&M Univ, Res & Extens Ctr, Stephenville, TX 76401 USA. RP Ralphs, MH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E,1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Michael.Ralphs@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 53 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 34 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1007/s10886-007-9399-6 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 256ZM UT WOS:000252768400004 PM 18060459 ER PT J AU Smith, JD Greenlee, JJ Hamir, AN Greenlee, MHW AF Smith, J. D. Greenlee, J. J. Hamir, A. N. Greenlee, M. H. West TI Retinal cell types are differentially affected in sheep with scrapie SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prion; retina; scrapie; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; SYNAPTIC PROTEIN EXPRESSION; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; RESISTANT PRION PROTEIN; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; RAT RETINA; PRP ACCUMULATION; MAMMALIAN RETINA; NATURAL SCRAPIE; SUFFOLK SHEEP AB Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) are a group of fatal neurodegenerative diseases characterized microscopically by spongiform lesions (vacuolation) in the neuropil, neuronal loss, and gliosis. Accumulation of the abnormal form of the prion protein (PrPs(Sc)) has been demonstrated in the retina of natural and non-natural TSE-affected hosts, with or without evidence of microscopically detectable retinal pathology This study was conducted to investigate the effect of PrPs(Sc) accumulation on retinal neurons in a natural host lacking overt microscopical evidence of retinal degeneration by comparing the distribution of retinal cell type-specific markers in control and scrapie-affected sheep. In retinas with PrPs(Sc)-immunoreactivity, there was disruption of the normal immunoreactivity patterns of the alpha isoform of protein kinase C (PKC alpha) and vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (VGLUT1), markers of retinal bipolar cells. Altered immunoreactivity was also observed for microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), a marker of a subset of retinal ganglion cells, and glutamine synthetase (GS), a marker of Muller glia. These results demonstrate alterations of immunoreactivity patterns for proteins associated with specific cell types in retinas with PrPs(Sc) accumulation, despite an absence of microscopical evidence of retinal degeneration. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Smith, J. D.; Greenlee, M. H. West] Iowa State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smith, J. D.; Greenlee, J. J.; Hamir, A. N.] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Agr Res Serv, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Greenlee, M. H. West] Iowa State Univ, Interdept Neurosci Program, Ames, IA USA. [Greenlee, M. H. West] Iowa State Univ, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Greenlee, MHW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM mheather@iastate.edu NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0021-9975 J9 J COMP PATHOL JI J. Comp. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 138 IS 1 BP 12 EP 22 DI 10.1016/j.jcpa.2007.09.002 PG 11 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 260BP UT WOS:000252986100003 PM 18061608 ER PT J AU Hall, MB Mertens, DR AF Hall, M. B. Mertens, D. R. TI In vitro fermentation vessel type and method alter fiber digestibility estimates SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE in vitro fermentation; neutral detergent fiber; digestibility; method ID DETERGENT FIBER; DIGESTION; INVITRO AB Selected vessel types and conditions used for in vitro fermentation were compared to evaluate their effects on determinations of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility (NDFD) in 2 replicate 48-h fermentations. Treatments included 50-mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes with gas-release valves (treatment 1); 50-mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes with continuous gassing with CO2 (treatment 2); 50-mL polyethylene centrifuge tubes sealed, oriented horizontally, and shaken continuously parallel to the long axis of the tube, with manual gas release (treatment 3); 125-mL Erlenmeyer flasks with continuous gassing with CO2 (treatment 4); and 125-mL serum vials sealed with stoppers and crimp seals with (treatment 5) or without (treatment 6) manual gas release. Goering and Van Soest medium and blended ruminal inoculum from 4 lactating cows were used. Substrates were alfalfa hay, corn silage, ryegrass hay, and soyhulls. Gas was released and measured in treatments 3 and 6 at 3.0, 5.5, 9.0, 11.5, 23.5, 29.5, and 47.5 h by using a syringe with a hypodermic needle. Vessels from each treatment were harvested at 0, 6, 12, 24, 30, and 48 h for NDF analysis, with NDFD calculated as 1-[(residual NDF, g -residual NDF in fermentation blank, g)/sample NDF, g]. Medium pH did not decline below 6.3 for any treatment. Average values for NDFD for 24 through 48 h were 0.576, 0.639, 0.688, 0.668, 0.679, and 0.681 for treatments 1 through 6, respectively (standard error of the difference = 0.008). The lowest NDFD was noted for treatment 1, which differed from all other treatments; treatments 3, 4, 5, and 6 did not differ by treatment or by the interaction of treatment and substrate. Treatments 1 and 2 gave lower NDFD values than the other treatments, but these differences were not consistent and differed by substrate, with alfalfa showing the fewest differences among treatments and soyhulls the most. Net energy of lactation values for substrates, as predicted from differences in 48-h NDFD, were 7 to 15% lower for treatment 1 than for the average of all other treatments. Slopes of the gas production per gram of substrate dry matter curves differed between treatments 3 and 5. In conclusion, measured NDFD was altered by fermentation treatment, with polyethylene tubes + gas-release valves giving the lowest values. Consequently, NDFD values may not be comparable across fermentation methods, but the effect will vary among feedstuffs. The combination of methods used for sealing, gassing, or agitating vessels may have a greater impact on NDFD than does vessel type. C1 [Hall, M. B.; Mertens, D. R.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Hall, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mbhall@wisc.edu NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 1 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.3168/jds.2006-689 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 243MA UT WOS:000251800200034 PM 18096952 ER PT J AU Brunelle, BW Kehrli, ME Stabel, JR Spurlock, DM Hansen, LB Nicholson, EM AF Brunelle, B. W. Kehrli, M. E., Jr. Stabel, J. R. Spurlock, D. Moody Hansen, L. B. Nicholson, E. M. TI Short communication: Allele, genotype, and haplotype data for bovine spongiform encephalopathy-resistance polymorphisms from healthy US holstein cattle SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bovine spongiform encephalopathy; genetics; Holstein; prion ID PRION PROTEIN GENE; OCTAPEPTIDE INSERT MUTATION; TRANSGENIC MICE; PRNP; SUSCEPTIBILITY; VARIANTS; SEQUENCE; BSE; PRP; INFECTION AB Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) is a neurodegenerative disease of cattle caused by abnormally folded prion proteins. Two regulatory region polymorphisms in the bovine prion gene are associated with resistance to classical BSE disease: a 23-bp region in the promoter that contains a binding site for the repressor protein RP58, and a 12-bp region in intron 1 that has a binding site for the transcription factor SP1. The presence of these binding sites enhances BSE resistance in cattle, whereas cattle that lack these regions are more susceptible to the disease. The present study examined the allele, genotype, and haplotype frequencies for the 23-bp and 12-bp polymorphisms in Holstein cattle from 9 different US states, and these frequencies were compared with data previously established for Holstein cattle from the United Kingdom, Germany, and Japan. Additionally, the coding region of the prion gene was sequenced from the US samples. Finally, archival samples from US Holstein sires born between 1953 and 1957 were analyzed. We found that the resistant allele and genotype frequencies for the US Holstein cattle were as high, or higher, relative to that observed in other countries. Furthermore, the current US frequencies were comparable to those determined in the archival samples from the 1950s. Based on the frequencies of these regulatory region polymorphisms, the US Holstein population is not at a greater risk for BSE than Holsteins worldwide. C1 [Brunelle, B. W.; Kehrli, M. E., Jr.; Nicholson, E. M.] USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Stabel, J. R.] USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Spurlock, D. Moody] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Hansen, L. B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Anim Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. RP Nicholson, EM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Virus & Prion Dis Livestock Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM eric.nicholson@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 91 IS 1 BP 338 EP 342 DI 10.3168/jds.2007-0423 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 243MA UT WOS:000251800200038 PM 18096956 ER PT J AU Spurgeon, DW AF Spurgeon, D. W. TI Seasonal patterns in host-free survival of the boll weevil (Coleoptera : Curculionidae) in the subtropics SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE boll weevil; Anthonomus grandis; host-free survival; overwintering ecology ID TEXAS ROLLING PLAINS; SURFACE WOODS TRASH; WINTER SURVIVAL; SOUTHERN TEXAS; DIAPAUSE; HIBERNATION; EMERGENCE; COTTON; MISSISSIPPI; HABITAT AB The overwintering ecology of the boll weevil, Anthonomus grandis Boheman, in the subtropics is poorly understood. Knowledge of seasonal patterns of host-free survival may be important to eradication efforts in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. The host-free survival of weevil cohorts emerging between 1 June and 3 November 1994 was examined. Weevils were fed either outdoors for 21 d (9 cohorts), outdoors for 28 d (6 cohorts), or under controlled conditions (29.4 +/- 1 degrees C, 13:11 [L:D] h photoperiod; 5 cohorts) for 21 d. Weevils were fed cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) squares or bolls, depending on availability in the field, and were subsequently held without food in the same environment in which they were fed. Survival of weevils fed outdoors exhibited a marked seasonal pattern in which greater survival was associated with the later cohorts. However, survival of cohorts fed and held under controlled conditions exhibited no seasonal pattern. When survival was adjusted for degree-day accumulations, using a base temperature of 12.8 degrees C, differences in survival curves of weevils fed outdoors were reduced but not eliminated. During the periods of highest degree-day accumulations, most cohorts fed outdoors for 21 d exhibited greater survival than those fed outdoors for 28 d, and survival tended to be greater for weevils fed under controlled conditions than for weevils fed outdoors. These observations suggest the feeding period duration influenced subsequent survival. The observed influence of temperature on host-free survival suggests the opportunity to reduce overwintering weevil populations in subtropical regions through a delayed planting tactic. C1 USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Spurgeon, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM Dale.Spurgeon@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 13 EP 26 PG 14 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100002 ER PT J AU Hansen, JD Carlton, R Adams, S Lacey, LA AF Hansen, James D. Carlton, Richard Adams, Steve Lacey, Lawrence A. TI Infrared detection of internal feeders of deciduous tree fruits SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE noninvasive detection; insect detection; thermoimaging; quarantine; phytosanitation AB Codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is a worldwide pest of apple and pear. Due to the severity of codling moth in agroecosystems, it is a quarantine pest in countries where it is not considered an established species. Detection of codling moth infestations in exports intended for these countries is crucial to the U.S. apple industry. Tests were conducted on infrared thermoimaging that demonstrate detection of infestation by codling moth larva in apples. The system is dependent on subtle but significant differences in surface temperature between infested or entry sites and nearby uninfested sites. Because the imaging data are digital, computer programs can be used to rapidly and effectively sort infested fruits from the packing line. C1 [Hansen, James D.] USDA ARS, YARL, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. [Carlton, Richard; Adams, Steve; Lacey, Lawrence A.] Serv C2IR, Kennewick, WA 99336 USA. RP Hansen, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, YARL, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM jimbobtoo@aol.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100005 ER PT J AU Campbell, JW Hanula, JL Waldrop, TA AF Campbell, Joshua W. Hanula, James L. Waldrop, Thomas A. TI Effects of prescribed fire and fire surrogates on saproxylic Coleoptera in the Southern Appalachians of North Carolina SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE prescribed burn; forest management; Scolytidae; saproxylic insects; multiple funnel trap; coarse woody debris ID BLACK TURPENTINE BEETLE; COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; FOREST COLEOPTERA; BOREAL FORESTS; NORWAY SPRUCE; LONGLEAF PINE; BAITED TRAPS; DEAD WOOD; ETHANOL; ASSOCIATION AB We examined the effects of forest management practices (prescribed burning, mechanical, and prescribed burn plus mechanical) on saproxylic forest Coleoptera in the southern Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. During the 2-yr study, we captured 37,191 Coleoptera with baited multiple-funnel traps and pipe traps, comprising 20 families and 122 species that were used for our analysis. Saproxylic beetle numbers increased greatly from the first year to the second year on all treatments. Species richness and total abundance of Coleoptera were not significantly affected by the treatments, but several families (e.g., Elateridae, Cleridae, Trogositidae, Scolytidae) were significantly more abundant on treated plots. Abundances of many species, including various species of Scolytidae were significantly affected by the treatments. However, these scolytids (Hylastes salebrosus Eichoff, Ips grandicollis Eichoff, Xyloborinus saxeseni Ratzburg, Xyleborus sp., Xyleborus atratus Eichoff) did not respond in the same way to the treatments. Likewise, other Coleoptera such as Pityophagus sp. (Nitidulidae), Hylobius pales Herbst (Curculionidae), and Xylotrechus sagittatus Germar (Cerambycidae) also varied in their responses to the treatments. Species richness was not significantly different for the spring 2003 trapping seasons, but the fall 2003 sample had a higher number of species on mechanical shrub removal only and mechanical shrub removal plus prescribed burning plots compared with controls. Linear regression analysis suggests that increased dead wood caused by hot fires on mechanical plus burn and burn only treatments resulted in increases among various Coleoptera families and species. We saw no evidence that the treatments negatively impacted saproylic species and in most cases they benefited from the disturbances. C1 [Waldrop, Thomas A.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forest Resources, USDA, US Forest Serv, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Campbell, Joshua W.; Hanula, James L.] USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Campbell, JW (reprint author), USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, 320 Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jcampbell@shorter.edu NR 30 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 11 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 57 EP 75 PG 19 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100006 ER PT J AU Thomas, DB Epsky, ND Serra, CA Hall, DG Kendra, PE Heath, RR AF Thomas, Donald B. Epsky, Nancy D. Serra, Colmar A. Hall, David G. Kendra, Paul E. Heath, Robert R. TI Ammonia formulations and capture of Anastrepha fruit flies (Diptera : Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fruit flies; synthetic lures; ammonia compounds; citrus; mangoes ID SUSPENSA DIPTERA; SYNTHETIC ATTRACTANT; CARBON-DIOXIDE; FLY DIPTERA; LURES; ATTRACTIVENESS; HYDROLYSATE; PUTRESCINE; FEMALES; ORCHARD AB Fruit flies in the genus Anastrepha, especially the reproductive age females, are attracted to protein baits. Synthetic lures based on the principal components of protein degradation, especially ammonia along with acetic acid, were tested against 3 of the most economically important species. The results varied among the species, perhaps in part because of the different environmental conditions where these pests are prevalent. In Mexico and Florida, A. ludens and A. suspensa, respectively, were caught in higher numbers by traps baited with synthetic lures containing ammonium acetate and putrescine. But, in the Dominican Republic where A. obliqua is the dominant pest, traps with whole aqueous protein baits outperformed the synthetic blends. Ideally, a single attractant formulation could be deployed by a regional crop protection program for detection of an array of pest fruit flies. Our results suggest that the optimal blend may vary among species and from one region to another. C1 [Thomas, Donald B.] USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. [Epsky, Nancy D.; Kendra, Paul E.; Heath, Robert R.] USDA ARS, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL 33158 USA. [Serra, Colmar A.] Inst Dominicano Invest Agropecuarias & Forestales, Estac Expt Mata Larga, San Francisco, Dominican Rep. [Hall, David G.] USDA ARS, US Horticulture Res Ctr, Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Thomas, DB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. EM Donald.Thomas@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 4 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 76 EP 85 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100007 ER PT J AU Streett, DA Ni, XZ Lawrence, AM AF Streett, Douglas A. Ni, Xinzhi Lawrence, Amanda M. TI Effect of DNA gyrase inhibitors in the NI diet on biological fitness of the western tarnished plant bug (Heteroptera : Miridae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE novobiocin; nalidixic acid; oxolinic acid; mass rearing; quality control; shelf life ID LYGUS-HESPERUS KNIGHT; ARTIFICIAL DIET; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; SURVIVAL; INSECTS AB Addition of 3 DNA-gyrase inhibitors (i.e., novobiocin, nalidixic acid and oxolinic acid) individually to the NI (New and Improved) oligidic diet for plant bugs was investigated to assess their effect on the biological fitness of Lygus hesperus Knight (Heteroptera: Miridae). Biological fitness was measured by the number, biomass, sex ratio, daily egg count per female, and the egg hatch rate. All measures of biological fitness were not significantly different among the controls and the 3 inhibitors, which demonstrated that the inhibitors can effectively replace present antibiotics for a less expensive diet. Females reared on the NI diet with novobiocin and oxolinic acid showed increased fecundity in comparison with the diet with nalidixic acid, but the types of inhibitors had no effect on egg hatch rate. Furthermore, the egg hatch rate during the first 12 d after oviposition produced the most viable eggs, with the highest hatch rate between the 2(nd) and 9(th) days after oviposition commenced, which is comparable to the current egg-collection period used for the L. hesperus colony. These inhibitors could replace the antibiotics currently used in the NI diet and reduce the cost for diet preservation without sacrificing the quality of the insects in the mass-rearing facility. C1 [Streett, Douglas A.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Lawrence, Amanda M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ni, Xinzhi] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Streett, DA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Douglas.Streett@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 86 EP 94 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100008 ER PT J AU Marti, OG Myers, RE Carpenter, JE AF Marti, Orville G. Myers, Ronald E. Carpenter, James E. TI Rearing Cactoblastis cactorum (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) on artificial diet and Opuntia cladodes SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cactoblastis cactorum; Pyralidae; Opuntia; Cactaceae; mass rearing; artificial diet; invasive species; sterile insect technique ID CACTUS MOTH; MEXICO AB The cactus moth, Cactoblastis cactorum Berg, is an invasive species that threatens economically and ecologically important native cacti in Mexico and the U.S. Southwest. The insect presently occurs along the coastal U.S. from Charleston, SC, to Dauphin Island, south of Mobile, AL, and in the interior of Florida. Current control and eradication tactics include manual destruction of infested cactus and the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), which involves the release of irradiated cactus moths to mate with wild moths and produce sterile offspring. The ability to rear the cactus moths in the laboratory has been crucial in research and development of survey and control techniques. Procedures for rearing the cactus moth in the laboratory on cactus cladodes and artificial diet are described and provide a foundation for the further development of mass-rearing protocols. C1 [Marti, Orville G.; Myers, Ronald E.; Carpenter, James E.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Carpenter, JE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Jim.Carpenter@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 95 EP 106 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100009 ER PT J AU Lundgren, JG Riedell, WE AF Lundgren, Jonathan G. Riedell, Walter E. TI Soybean nitrogen relations and root characteristics after Cerotoma trifurcata (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) larval feeding injury SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bean leaf beetle; Cerotoma trifurcata; Glycine max; integrated pest management; nitrogen; nodule; ureide ID BEAN LEAF BEETLE; SOIL PHYSICAL FACTORS; FORSTER COLEOPTERA; INSECT INJURY; FIXATION; TRANSPORT; SURVIVAL; PLANTS; DAMAGE; YIELD AB Bean leaf beetle, Cerotoma trifurcata (Forster), is a pest of economic importance to soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) production in the U.S. This greenhouse study was conducted to characterize larval feeding damage effects on nitrogen (N) assimilation and root system characteristics in soybean. Pots containing individual plants (n = 15) were exposed to 1 of 3 treatment levels that varied in infestation intensity: high intensity (19 larvae per pot), low intensity (5 larvae), and an uninfested control group. After 3 wk, the plants were dissected, and the fresh and dry weights of the roots and shoots were recorded. Also, the number of nodules, number of damaged nodules, and the volume of nodules were compared among the treatments. Leaf and pod chlorophyll, nitrate-N, ureide-N, amino-N, and total N concentrations were measured and compared among the treatments. Nodules were the only organs on the root system that were visibly damaged by larval feeding. External nodule surfaces were scarred, and frequently the internal matrices of the nodules were completely excavated by the larvae. Significantly more nodules per plant were found in the infested treatments, and damaged nodules were significantly more abundant on plants in the high infestation compared with those in the low infestation treatment. Also, plants from the highly infested treatment had significantly smaller nodules than the uninfested control, suggesting that the infested plants responded to larval damage by producing additional nodules. Leaf and pod ureide-N and total N concentrations were significantly lower in infested plants. Thus, feeding by C. trifurcata larvae affects the characteristics of nodules as well as the concentrations of N assimilates within soybean plants. C1 [Lundgren, Jonathan G.; Riedell, Walter E.] USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. RP Lundgren, JG (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM Jonathan.Lundgren@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 107 EP 116 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100010 ER PT J AU DeFauw, SL Vogt, JT Boykin, DL AF DeFauw, Sherri L. Vogt, James T. Boykin, Debbie L. TI Imported fire ant (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) bioturbation and its influences on soils and turfgrass in a sod production agroecosystem SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioturbation; imported fire ant; soil chemistry; Solenopsis spp.; turfgrass C1 [DeFauw, Sherri L.; Vogt, James T.; Boykin, Debbie L.] USDA ARS, Mid S Area, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP DeFauw, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mid S Area, Natl Biol Control Lab, Biol Control Pests Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM sherri.defauw@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 121 EP 127 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100012 ER PT J AU Gardner, WA Diffie, S Meer, RKV Brinkman, MA AF Gardner, Wayne A. Diffie, Stan Meer, Robert K. Vander Brinkman, Mark A. TI Distribution of the fire ant (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) hybrid in Georgia SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Solenopsis invicta; Solenopsis richteri; S. richteri x S. solenopsis hybrid; hybridization; imported fire ants C1 [Diffie, Stan] UGA, Dept Entomol, Tifton, GA USA. [Meer, Robert K. Vander] USDA ARS, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL USA. [Brinkman, Mark A.] Gordon Coll, Barnesville, GA USA. [Gardner, Wayne A.] Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Dept Entomol, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. RP Gardner, WA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Agr & Environm Sci, Dept Entomol, Griffin Campus, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM wgardner@uga.edu NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 3 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 133 EP 137 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 269KE UT WOS:000253647100014 ER PT J AU MacDonald, JD Kiniry, JR Putz, G Prepas, EE AF MacDonald, J. D. Kiniry, J. R. Putz, G. Prepas, E. E. TI A multi-species, process based vegetation simulation module to simulate successional forest regrowth after forest disturbance in daily time step hydrological transport models SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE SWAT; ALMANAC; boreal forest; forest growth model; evapotranspiration; watershed hydrology AB To simulate the effects of tree harvest on boreal forest catchment hydrology, the vegetation growth model within the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) must reproduce the successional stages of forest reestablishment. The agricultural land management alternatives with numerical assessment criteria (ALMANAC), a multi-species growth model, was modified to simulate vegetation regeneration on forest sites after harvest (ALMANACBF). The model uses similar principles of vegetation growth as the current vegetation model in SWAT, and input requirements are consistent with typical forest inventory databases. This article describes the algorithms integrated into the ALMANACBF model to simulate successional stages in forest growth, provides initial estimates of parameters required to simulate multi-species forest succession, and presents examples of the type of variability in vegetation growth scenarios that these algorithms can reproduce. The model structure and modelling approach shows promise as a tool for foresters to evaluate how patterns and timing of forest management activities influence forest watershed hydrology. C1 [MacDonald, J. D.; Prepas, E. E.] Lakehead Univ, Fac Forestry & Forest Environm, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. [Kiniry, J. R.] USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Putz, G.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Civil & Geol Engn, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada. [Prepas, E. E.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada. RP MacDonald, JD (reprint author), Agr & Agri Food Canada, Agr & Agroalimentaire Canada, 2560 Boul Hochelaga, Quebec City, PQ G1V 2J3, Canada. EM macdonalddo@agr.gc.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; Canada Foundation for Innovation; Millar Western Forest Products Ltd.; Blue Ridge Lumber Inc. (a division of West Fraser Mills Ltd.); Vanderwell Contractors (1971) Ltd.; ANC Timber Ltd.; Living Legacy Research Program; Ontario Innovation Trust FX During this study, the FORWARD project was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (CRD and Discovery Grants to E. E. Prepas), the Canada Foundation for Innovation, Millar Western Forest Products Ltd., Blue Ridge Lumber Inc. (a division of West Fraser Mills Ltd.), Vanderwell Contractors (1971) Ltd., ANC Timber Ltd., the Living Legacy Research Program, and the Ontario Innovation Trust. In particular, we wish to thank Jonathan Russell (Millar Western) and Daryl D'Amico (Blue Ridge Lumber). ALMANAC, like SWAT, is available from the United States Department of Agriculture free of cost. Documentation, code and example data sets can be obtained from Dr. Jim Kiniry and Dr. Jeff Arnold. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 1496-2551 J9 J ENVIRON ENG SCI JI J. Environ. Eng. Sci. PY 2008 VL 7 SU 1 BP S127 EP S143 DI 10.1139/S08-008 PG 17 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA V11MT UT WOS:000207536400011 ER PT J AU Du, Q Chang, NB Yang, CH Srilakshmi, KR AF Du, Qian Chang, Ni-Bin Yang, Chenghai Srilakshmi, Kanth R. TI Combination of multispectral remote sensing, variable rate technology and environmental modeling for citrus pest management SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE citrus grove; pesticide control; precision farming; remote sensing; environmental impact assessment; industrial ecology; sustainability ID PESTICIDE CONTAMINATION; WATER; TEMPERATURE; GROUNDWATER; IMAGERY; INDEX AB The Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV) of south Texas is an agriculturally rich area supporting intensive production of vegetables, fruits, grain sorghum, and cotton. Modern agricultural practices involve the combined use of irrigation with the application of large amounts of agrochemicals to maximize crop yields. Intensive agricultural activities in past decades might have caused potential contamination of soil, surface water.. and groundwater due to leaching of pesticides in the vadose zone. In an effort to promote precision farming in citrus production, this paper aims at developing an airborne multispectral technique for identifying tree health problems in a citrus grove that can be combined with variable rate technology (VRT) for required pesticide application and environmental modeling for assessment of pollution prevention. An unsupervised linear unmixing method was applied to classify the image for the grove and quantify the symptom severity for appropriate infection control. The PRZM-3 model was used to estimate environmental impacts that contribute to nonpoint source pollution with and without the use of multispectral remote sensing and VRT. Research findings using site-specific environmental assessment clearly indicate that combination of remote sensing and VRT may result in benefit to the environment by reducing the nonpoint source pollution by 92.15%. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of precision farming for citrus production in the nexus of industrial ecology and agricultural sustainability. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. Mississippi State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mississippi State, MS USA. USDA ARS, Kika Garza Subtrop Agr Res Ctr, Weslaco, TX USA. Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Dept Environm Engn, Kingsville, TX USA. RP Chang, NB (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM nchang@mail.ucf.edu NR 47 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 1 BP 14 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.11.019 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236PL UT WOS:000251315300002 PM 17222960 ER PT J AU Escobedo, PJ Wagner, JE Nowak, DJ De la Maza, CL Rodriguez, M Crane, DE AF Escobedo, Prancisco J. Wagner, John E. Nowak, David J. De la Maza, Carmen Luz Rodriguez, Manuel Crane, Daniel E. TI Analyzing the cost effectiveness of Santiago, Chile's policy of using urban forests to improve air quality SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cost-effective analysis; urban forest management; air pollution abatement; street trees; ecosystem services ID RESIDENTIAL YARD TREES; EXISTING MODELS; POLLUTION; DEPOSITION; CALIFORNIA; SACRAMENTO AB Santiago, Chile has the distinction of having among the worst urban air pollution problems in Latin America. As part of an atmospheric pollution reduction plan, the Santiago Regional Metropolitan government defined an environmental policy goal of using urban forests to remove particulate matter less than 10 mu m (PM10) in the Gran Santiago area. We used cost effectiveness, or the process of establishing costs and selecting least cost alternatives for obtaining a defined policy goal of PM10 removal, to analyze this policy goal. For this study, we quantified PM10 removal by Santiago's urban forests based on socioeconomic strata and using field and real-time pollution and climate data via a dry deposition urban forest effects model. Municipal urban forest management costs were estimated using management cost surveys and Chilean Ministry of Planning and Cooperation documents. Results indicate that managing municipal urban forests(trees, shrubs, and grass whose management is under the jurisdiction of Santiago's 36 municipalities) to remove PM10 was a cost-effective policy for abating PM10 based on criteria set by the World Bank. In addition, we compared the cost effectiveness of managing municipal urban forests and street trees to other control policies (e.g. alternative fuels) to abate PM10 in Santiago and determined that municipal urban forest management efficiency was similar to these other air quality improvement measures. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Florida, IFAS Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. SUNY ESF, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. USDA, Forest Serv Northeastern Res, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Univ Chile, Fac Ciencias Forest, Manejo Recursos Forestales, Santiago 11315, Chile. RP Escobedo, PJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, IFAS Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Bldg 164,Mowry Rd,PO Box 110806, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM fescobed@ufl.edu; jewagner@esf.edu; dnowak@fs.fed.us; cdlamaza@uchile.cl; mrodrigu@uchile.cl; dcrane@fs.fed.us RI Escobedo, Francisco/N-9526-2013; OI Escobedo, Francisco J/0000-0002-9272-5046 NR 47 TC 35 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 1 BP 148 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.11.029 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236PL UT WOS:000251315300013 PM 17275162 ER PT J AU Richards, CE Munster, CL Vietor, DM Arnold, JG White, R AF Richards, C. E. Munster, C. L. Vietor, D. M. Arnold, J. G. White, R. TI Assessment of a turfgrass sod best management practice on water quality in a suburban watershed SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE manure; BMPs; urban water quality; nutrient export; phosphorus; turfgrass; watershed modeling; SWAT; TMDL ID PHOSPHORUS EXPORT; MANURE PHOSPHORUS; NITROGEN; MODEL AB The disposal of manure on agricultural land has caused water quality concerns in many rural watersheds, sometimes requiring state environmental agencies to conduct total maximum daily load (TMDL) assessments of stream nutrients, such as nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). A best management practice (BMP) has been developed in response to a TMDL that mandates a 50% reduction of annual P load to the North Bosque River (NBR) in central Texas. This BMP exports composted dairy manure P through turfgrass sod from the NBR watershed to urban watersheds. The manure-grown sod releases P slowly and would not require additional P fertilizer for up to 20 years in the receiving watershed. This would eliminate P application to the sod and improve the water quality of urban streams. The soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) was used to model a typical suburban watershed that would receive the sod grown with composted dairy manure to assess water quality changes due to this BMP. The SWAT model was calibrated to simulate historical flow and estimated sediment and nutrient loading to Mary's Creek near Fort Worth, Texas. The total P stream loading to Mary's Creek was lower when manure-grown sod was transplanted instead of sod grown with inorganic fertilizers. Flow, sediment and total N yield were the same for both cases at the watershed outlet. The SWAT simulations indicated that the turtgrass BMP can be used effectively to import manure P into an urban watershed and reduce in-stream P levels when compared to sod grown with inorganic fertilizers. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. USDA, Agr Res Serv, Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX USA. RP Munster, CL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, 127 Hobgood Bldg, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM c-munster@tamu.edu NR 46 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 1 BP 229 EP 245 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.12.039 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 236PL UT WOS:000251315300020 PM 17298864 ER PT J AU Patterson, TM Niccolucci, V Marchettini, N AF Patterson, Trista M. Niccolucci, Valentina Marchettini, Nadia TI Adaptive environmental management of tourism in the Province of Siena, Italy using the ecological footprint SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; tourism; ecological footprint ID ENERGY-CONSUMPTION; CARRYING-CAPACITY; SUSTAINABILITY; CONSEQUENCES; ASSESSMENTS; PATTERNS; AUSTRIA; SYSTEMS AB Adaptive management as applied to tourism policy treats management policies as experiments that probe the responses of the system as human behavior changes. We present a conceptual systems model that incorporates the gap between observed and desired levels of the ecological footprint with respect to biocapacity. Addressing this gap (or 'overshoot') can inform strategies to increase or decrease visitation or its associated consumption in the coming years. The feedback mechanism in this conceptual model incorporates a gap between observed and desired ecological footprint levels of tourists and residents. The work is based on longer-term and ongoing study of tourism impacts and ecological footprint assessments from the SPIN-Eco Project. We present historical tourism and environmental data from the province of Siena, Italy and discuss the use of discrete, static environmental indicators as part of an iterative feedback process to manage tourism within biophysical limits. We discuss a necessary shift of emphasis from certain and static numbers to a process-based management model that can reflect slow changes to biophysical resources. As underscored by ecological footprint analysis, the energy and material use associated with tourism and local activity can erode natural capital foundations if that use exceeds the area's biological capacity to support it. The dynamic, and iterative process of using such indicators as management feedback allows us to view sustainability more accurately as a transition and journey, rather than a static destination to which management must arrive. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, US Forest Serv, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. Univ Siena, Dept Chem & Biosyst Sci, I-53100 Siena, Italy. RP Patterson, TM (reprint author), USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, US Forest Serv, 2770 Sherwood Ln 2A, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM trista123@yahoo.com RI Niccolucci, Valentina/L-5510-2015; Marchettini, Nadia/N-2281-2015 OI Niccolucci, Valentina/0000-0002-4484-9263; Marchettini, Nadia/0000-0002-2631-9306 NR 71 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 2 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 86 IS 2 BP 407 EP 418 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.017 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 239HK UT WOS:000251509200010 PM 17157978 ER PT J AU Cooper, JC Signorello, G AF Cooper, Joseph C. Signorello, Giovanni TI Farmer premiums for the voluntary adoption of conservation plans SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID QUALITY PROTECTION PRACTICES; CHOICE CONTINGENT VALUATION; DICHOTOMOUS CHOICE; AGRICULTURAL INNOVATIONS; TECHNOLOGIES; PROGRAM; MODEL AB Programs that reimburse farmers for the cost of implementing more environmentally benign management practices are becoming increasingly popular in both the US and the EU. Utilizing the random utility and random profit difference approaches, the paper develops a theoretical model that explains why farmers may require a premium in excess of the decrease in profits to adopt a conservation plan, and may even require a premium in the case where adoption of the plan is associated with a mean increase in profits. This premium is estimated using a survey of farmers in conjunction with predictions of changes in production costs. C1 Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Univ Catania, DISEAE, Lab Valutaz Ambientale ENVALAB, Catania, Italy. RP Cooper, JC (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM jcooper@ers.usda.gov RI Signorello, Giovanni/L-7627-2015 OI Signorello, Giovanni/0000-0002-5140-4975 NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 4 U2 8 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0964-0568 J9 J ENVIRON PLANN MAN JI J. Environ. Plan. Manag. PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.1080/09640560701712234 PG 14 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 239GZ UT WOS:000251508100001 ER PT J AU Mann, C Absher, JD AF Mann, Carsten Absher, James D. TI Recreation conflict potential and management implications in the northern/central Black Forest Nature Park SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE recreation management; conflict analysis; nature sport; social profile; methodological triangulation ID MOUNTAIN BIKERS; SOCIAL-VALUES; HIKERS; USERS AB This study explores conflict in recreational use of the Black Forest Nature Park (BFNP) by six different nature sports groups as a function of infrastructure, forest management and other users. A multi-step, methodological triangulation conflict model from US recreation management was applied and tested in the Park. Results from two groups, hikers and mountain bikers, are analysed in depth. The main conflict potentials were due to infrastructure and value conflicts. These were influenced by various visitor characteristics such as resource attachment, experiences, activity-style, expectations and motives. Results of quantitative data analysis were further interpreted by interviews with agency and group leaders. This methodological combination reveals a robust understanding of recreation conflict and management in the BFNP. C1 [Mann, Carsten] Cemagref, UMR Metafort, Aubiere, France. [Absher, James D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA USA. RP Mann, C (reprint author), Cemagref, UMR Metafort, Aubiere, France. EM carsten.mann@cemagref.fr NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0964-0568 J9 J ENVIRON PLANN MAN JI J. Environ. Plan. Manag. PY 2008 VL 51 IS 3 BP 363 EP 380 DI 10.1080/09640560801979527 PG 18 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 308XT UT WOS:000256424800003 ER PT J AU Loughrin, JH Lovanh, N Mahmood, R AF Loughrin, John H. Lovanh, Nanh Mahmood, Rezaul TI Equilibrium sampling used to monitor malodors in a swine waste lagoon SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; VOLATILE FATTY-ACIDS; PRODUCTION FACILITY; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ODOROUS COMPONENTS; ELECTRONIC NOSE; PIGGERY WASTES; PHENOLS; WATER; QUANTIFICATION AB The concentrations of malodorous compounds in a 0.4-ha anaerobic lagoon that received waste from approximately 2000 sows were monitored during the late summer to late fall of 2006 to gain insight into the factors influencing their concentrations. Selected malodorous compounds were measured by the use of equilibrium samplers consisting of submersible stir plates and stir bar sorbtive sampling with polydimethylsiloxane-coated magnetic stir bars. During the same period, air and water temperatures, suspended solids, total organic carbon and nitrogen content, and wastewater pH were recorded. Concentrations of malodorous compounds were higher at the surface of the lagoon than at the middle or bottom of the lagoon. Skatole concentration, for instance, averaged 54, 24, and 38 g L-1 near the surface, in the middle, and at the lowest sampling depths, respectively. While the lagoon was being pumped down during field application of wastewater, concentrations of malodorous compounds fluctuated widely, increased 16-fold as compared with sampling period before pumping, and continued to increase as fall progressed and temperatures cooled. Suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, and total organic carbon increased near the bottom of the lagoon during this same period. The increases in the concentrations of malodorous compounds in the wastewater during the fall could have been due to a combination of several factors. These factors include reduced degradation by lagoon bacteria, less wind stripping of volatile compounds from the lagoon surface due to lowering of the lagoon surface after crop application, and/or reduced evaporation of malodorous compounds due to falling temperatures. C1 [Loughrin, John H.; Lovanh, Nanh] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. RP Loughrin, JH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM jloughrin@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.2134/jeq2006.0534 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 254YX UT WOS:000252625000001 PM 18178872 ER PT J AU Powell, JM Misselbrook, TH Casler, MD AF Powell, J. M. Misselbrook, T. H. Casler, M. D. TI Season and bedding impacts on ammonia emissions from tie-stall dairy barns SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID HOLSTEIN HEIFERS; CUBICLE HOUSES; NITROGEN; CATTLE; MANURE; COWS; EXCRETION; PROTEIN; PREDICTION; URINE AB Federal and state regulations are being promulgated under the Clean Air Act to reduce hazardous air emissions from livestock operations. Few data are available on emissions from livestock facilities in the USA and the management practices that may minimize emissions. The objective of this study was to measure seasonal and bedding impacts on ammonia emissions from tie-stall dairy barns located in central Wisconsin. Four chambers each housed four Holstein dairy heifers ( 17 mo of age; body weights, 427-522 kg) for three 28-d trial periods corresponding to winter, summer, and fall, a 4 x 4 Latin Square statistical design was used to evaluate four bedding types (manure solids, chopped newspaper, pine shavings, and chopped wheat straw) in each chamber for a 4-d ammonia monitoring period. Average ammonia-N emissions (g heifer(-1) d(-1)) during summer (20.4) and fall (21.0) were similar and twice the emissions recorded during winter (10.1). Ammonia N emissions accounted for approximately 4 to 7% of consumed feed N, 4 to 10% of excreted N, and 9 to 20% of manure ammonical N. Cooler nighttime temperatures did not result in lower ammonia emissions than daytime temperatures. Ammonia emissions (g heifer(-1) d(-1)) from chambers that contained manure solids (20.0), newspaper (18.9), and straw (18.9) were similar and significantly greater than emissions using pine shavings (15.2). Chamber N balances, or percent difference between the inputs feed N and bedding N, and the outputs manure N, body weight N, and ammonia N were 105, 90, and 89% for the winter, summer, and fall trials, respectively. Relatively high chamber N balances and favorable comparisons of study data with published values of ammonia emissions, feed N intake, and manure N excretion provided confidence in the accuracy of the study results. C1 [Powell, J. M.; Casler, M. D.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Powell, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM mark.powell@ars.usda.gov RI Misselbrook, Tom/N-2385-2014 OI Misselbrook, Tom/0000-0002-4594-3606 NR 39 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 7 EP 15 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0282 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 254YX UT WOS:000252625000002 PM 18178873 ER PT J AU Sainju, UM Jabro, JD Stevens, WB AF Sainju, Upendra M. Jabro, Jalal D. Stevens, William B. TI Soil carbon dioxide emission and carbon content as affected by irrigation, tillage, cropping system, and nitrogen fertilization SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; COVER CROPS; GREENHOUSE GASES; SANDY LOAM; FLUXES; DYNAMICS; AGROECOSYSTEM; ROTATIONS; RESPONSES AB Management practices can influence soil CO2 emission and C content in cropland, which can effect global warming. We examined the effects of combinations of irrigation, tillage, I cropping systems, and N fertilization on soil CO2 flux, temperature, water, and C content at the 0- to 20-cm depth from May to November 2005 at two sites in the northern Great Plains. Treatments were two irrigation systems (irrigated vs. non-irrigated) and six management practices that contained tilled and no-tilled malt barley (Hordeum vulgaris L.) with 0 to 134 kg N ha(-1), no-tilled pea (Pisum sativum L.), and a conservation reserve program (CRP) planting applied in Linen sandy loam (sandy, mixed, frigid, Entic Haplustolls) in western North Dakota. In eastern Montana, treatments were no-tilled malt barley with 78 kg N ha(-1), no-tilled rye (Secale cereale L.), no-tilled Austrian winter pea, no-tilled fallow, and tilled fallow applied in dryland Williams loam (fine-loamy, mixed Typic Argiborolls). Irrigation increased CO, flux by 13% compared with non-irrigation by increasing soil water content in North Dakota. Tillage increased CO2 flux by 62 to 118% compared with no-tillage at both places. The flux was 1.5- to 2.5-fold greater with tilled than with non-tilled treatments following heavy rain or irrigation in North Dakota and 1.5- to 2.0-fold greater with crops than with fallow following substantial rain in Montana. Nitrogen fertilization increased CO2 flux by 14% compared with no N fertilization in North Dakota and cropping increased the flux by 79% compared with fallow in no-till and 0 kg N ha(-1) in Montana. The CO2 flux in undisturbed CRP was similar to that in no-tilled crops. Although soil C content was not altered, management practices influenced CO2 flux within a short period due to changes in soil temperature, water. and nutrient contents. Regardless of irrigation, CO2 flux can be reduced from croplands to a level similar to that in CRP planting using no-tilled crops with or without N fertilization compared with other management practices. C1 [Sainju, Upendra M.; Jabro, Jalal D.; Stevens, William B.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Sainju, UM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM usainju@sidney.ars.usda.gov RI Yang, Yang/C-7464-2012 NR 32 TC 73 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 32 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 98 EP 106 DI 10.2134/jeq2006.0392 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 254YX UT WOS:000252625000011 PM 18178882 ER PT J AU Kroger, R Hollad, MM Moore, MT Cooper, CM AF Kroger, R. Hollad, M. M. Moore, M. T. Cooper, C. M. TI Agricultural drainage ditches mitigate phosphorus loads as a function of hydrological variability SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID WATER-QUALITY; PARTICULATE PHOSPHORUS; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; TILE DRAINAGE; RUNOFF; SOIL; SURFACE; TRANSPORT; POLLUTION AB Phosphorus (P) loading from nonpoint sources, such as agricultural landscapes, contributes to downstream aquatic ecosystem degradation. Specifically, within the Mississippi watershed, enriched runoff contributions have far-reaching consequences for coastal water entrophication and Gulf of Mexico hypoxia. Through storm events, the P mitigation capacity of agricultural drainage ditches under no-till cotton was determined for natural and variable rainfall conditions in north Mississippi. Over 2 yr, two experimental ditches were sampled monthly for total inorganic P concentrations in baseflow and on an event-driven basis for stromflows. Phosphorous concentrations, Manning's equations with a range of roughness coefficients for changes in vegetative densities within the ditches, and discharge volumes form Natural Resources Conservation Service dimensionless hydrographs combined to determine ranges in maximum and outflow storm P loads from the farms. Baseflow regressions and percentage reductions with P concentrations illustrated that the ditches alternated between being a sink and source for dissolved inorganic P and particulate P concentrations throughout the year. Storm event loads resulted in 5.5% of the annual applied fertilizer to be transported into the drainage ditches. The ditches annually reduced 43.92 +/- 3.12% of the maximum inorganic effluent P load before receiving waters. Agricultural drainage ditches exhibited a fair potential for P mitigation and thus warrant future work on controlled drainage to improve mitigation capacity. C1 [Kroger, R.; Hollad, M. M.] Univ Mississippi, Field Stn, University, MS 38677 USA. [Moore, M. T.; Cooper, C. M.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Kroger, R (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Field Stn, University, MS 38677 USA. EM kroger@olemiss.edu NR 36 TC 44 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 26 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 107 EP 113 DI 10.2134/jeq2006.0505 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 254YX UT WOS:000252625000012 PM 18178883 ER PT J AU Lin, CH Lerch, RN Garrett, HE George, MF AF Lin, C. H. Lerch, R. N. Garrett, H. E. George, M. F. TI Bioremediation of atrazine-contaminated soil by forage grasses: Transformation, uptake, and detoxification SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; HERBICIDE DETOXIFICATION; MICROBIAL BIOMASS; GIANT FOXTAIL; POPLAR TREES; METABOLISM; CORN; HYDROXYATRAZINE; TOLERANCE; MECHANISM AB A sound multi-species vegetation buffer design should incorporate the species that facilitate rapid degradation and sequestration of deposited herbicides in the buffer. A field lysimeter study with six different ground covers (bare ground, orchardgrass, call fescue, timothy, smooth bromegrass, and switchgrass) was established to assess the bioremediation capacity, of five forage species to enhance atrazine (ATR) dissipation in the environment via plant uptake and degradation and detoxification in the rhizosphere. Results suggested that the majority of the applied ATR remained in the soil and only a relatively small fraction of herbicide leached to leachates (< 15%) or was taken up by plants (< 4%). Biological degradation or chemical hydroxylation of soil ATR was enhanced by 20 to 45% in forage treatment compared with the control. Of the ATR residues remaining in soil, switchgrass degraded more than 80% to less toxic metabolites, with 47% of these residues converted to the less mobile hydroxylated metabolites 25 d after application. The strong correlation between the degradation of N-dealkylated ATR metabolites and the increased microbial biomass carbon in forage treatments suggested that enhanced biological degradation in the rhizosphere was facilitated by the forages. Hydroxylated ATR degradation products were the predominant ATR metabolites in the tissues of switchgrass and call fescue. In contrast, the N-dealkylated metabolites were the major degradation products found in the other cool-season species. The difference in metabolite patterns between the warm- and cool-season species demonstrated their contrasting detoxification mechanisms, which also related to their tolerance to ATR exposure. Based on this study, switchgrass is recommended for use in riparian buffers designed to reduce ATR toxicity and mobility due to its high tolerance and strong degradation capacity. C1 [Lin, C. H.; Garrett, H. E.; George, M. F.] Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Lerch, R. N.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Lin, CH (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Linchu@missouri.edu NR 59 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 196 EP 206 DI 10.2134/jeq2006.0503 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 254YX UT WOS:000252625000022 PM 18178893 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP AF McLaughlin, Michael R. Brooks, John P. TI EPA worst case water microcosms for testing phage biocontrol of Salmonella SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIOPHAGE REAGENT; FECAL CONTAMINATION; BROILER-CHICKENS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; THERAPY; INDICATORS; PREVENTION; INFECTION; EFFLUENT; LAGOONS AB A microplate method was developed as a tool to test phages for their ability to control Salmonella in aqueous environments. The method used EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) worst case water (WCW) in 96-well plates. The WCW provided a consistent and relatively simple defined turbid aqueous matrix, high in total organic carbon (TOC) and total dissolved salts (TIDS), to simulate swine lagoon effluent, without the inconvenience of malodor and confounding effects from other biological factors. The WCW was originally defined to simulate high turbidity and organic matter in water for testing point-of-use filtration devices. Use of WCW to simulate lagoon effluent for phage testing is a new and innovative application of this matrix. Control of physical and chemical parameters (TOC, TDS, turbidity, temperature, and pH) allowed precise evaluation of microbiological parameters (Salmonella and phages). In a typical application, wells containing WCW were loaded with Salmonella enterica susp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (ATCC14028) and treated with phages alone and in cocktail combinations. Mean Salmonella inactivation rates (k, where the lower the value, the greater the inactivation) of phage treatments ranged from -0.32 to -1.60 versus -0.004 for Salmonella controls. Mean log,,, reductions (the lower the value, the greater the reduction) of Salmonella phage treatments were -1.60 for phage PR04-1, -2.14 for phage PR37-96, and -2.14 for both phages in a sequential cocktail, versus -0.08 for Salmonella controls. The WCW microcosm system was an effective tool for evaluating the biocontrol potential of Salmonella phages. C1 [McLaughlin, Michael R.; Brooks, John P.] USDA, Agr Serv Sci Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), USDA, Agr Serv Sci Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1537-2537 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 1 BP 266 EP 271 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0019 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 254YX UT WOS:000252625000029 PM 18178900 ER PT J AU Paramasivam, S Fortenberry, GZ Julius, A Sajwan, KS Alva, AK AF Paramasivam, S. Fortenberry, Gamola Z. Julius, Afolabi Sajwan, Kenneth S. Alva, A. K. TI Evaluation of emission of greenhouse gases from soils amended with sewage sludge SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE denitrifier; greenhouse gases; global warming; methanogens; organic waste; sewage sludge ID NITROUS-OXIDE; DENITRIFICATION; TRANSFORMATIONS AB Increase in concentrations of various greenhouse gases and their possible contributions to the global warming are becoming a serious concern. Anthropogenic activities such as cultivation of flooded rice and application of waste materials, such as sewage sludge which are rich in C and N, as soil amendments could contribute to the increase in emission of greenhouse gases such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) into the atmosphere. Therefore, evaluation of flux of various greenhouse gases from soils amended with sewage sludge is essential to quantify their release into the atmosphere. Two soils with contrasting properties (Candler fine sand [CFS] from Florida, and Ogeechee loamy sand [OLS] from Savannah, GA) were amended with varying rates (0, 24.7, 49.4, 98.8, and 148.3 Mg ha(-1)) of 2 types of sewage sludge (industrial [ISS] and domestic [DSS] origin. The amended soil samples were incubated in anaerobic condition at field capacity soil water content in static chamber (Qopak bottles). Gas samples were extracted immediately after amending soils and subsequently on a daily basis to evaluate the emission of CH4, CO2 and N2O. The results showed that emission rates and cumulative emission of all three gases increased with increasing rates of amendments. Cumulative emission of gases during 25-d incubation of soils amended with different types of sewage sludge decreased in the order: CO2 > N2O > CH4. The emission of gases was greater from the soils amended with DSS as compared to that with ISS. This may indicate the presence of either low C and N content or possible harmful chemicals in the ISS. The emission of gases was greater from the CFS as compared to that from the OLS. Furthermore, the results clearly depicted the inhibitory effect of acetylene in both soils by producing more N2O and CH4 emission compared to the soils that did not receive acetylene at the rate of 1 mL g(-1) soil. Enumeration of microbial population by fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and most probable number (MPN) procedure at the end of 25-d incubation demonstrated a clear relationship between microbial activity and the emission of gases. The results of this study emphasize the need to consider the emission of greenhouse gases from soils amended with organic soil amendments such as sewage sludge, especially at high rates, and their potential contribution to global warming. C1 [Paramasivam, S.; Julius, Afolabi; Sajwan, Kenneth S.] Savannah State Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. [Fortenberry, Gamola Z.] Florida A&M Univ, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Alva, A. K.] USDA, ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Paramasivam, S (reprint author), Savannah State Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. EM siva@savstate.edu NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 178 EP 185 DI 10.1080/10934520701781574 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 251BA UT WOS:000252344200009 PM 18172810 ER PT J AU Hunt, PG Matheny, TA Ro, KS Stone, KC Vanotti, MB AF Hunt, Patrick G. Matheny, Terry A. Ro, Kyoung S. Stone, Kenneth C. Vanotti, Matias B. TI Denitrification of agricultural drainage line water via immobilized denitrification sludge SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; nitrate; denitrification; bioreactor; agricultural drainage; immobilized denitrification sludge ID SWINE WASTE-WATER; TILE-DRAINAGE; CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; NITRATE-NITROGEN; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; REMOVAL; SOILS; LOSSES; EUTROPHICATION; ACCUMULATION AB Nonpoint source nitrogen is recognized as a significant water pollutant worldwide. One of the major contributors is agricultural drainage line water. A potential method of reducing this nitrogen discharge to water bodies is the use of immobilized denitrifying sludge (IDS). Our objectives were to (1) produce an effective IDS, (2) determine the IDS reaction kinetics in laboratory column bioreactors, and (3) test a field bioreactor for nitrogen removal from agricultural drainage line water. We developed a mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) denitrifying sludge using inoculant from an overland flow treatment system. It had a specific denitrification rate of 11.4 mg NO(3)-N g(-1) MLSS h(-1). We used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to immobilize this sludge and form IDS pellets. When placed in a 3.8(-L) column bioreactor, the IDS had a maximum removal rate (K(MAX)) of 3.64 mg NO(3)-N g(-1) pellet d(-1). In a field test with drainage water containing 7.8 mg NO(3)-N L(-1), 50% nitrogen removal was obtained with a 1 hr hydraulic retention time. Expressed as a 1 m(3) cubically-shaped bioreactor, the nitrogen removal rate would be 94 g NO(3)-N m(-2)d(-1), which is dramatically higher than treatment wetlands or passive carbonaceous bioreactors. IDS bioreactors offer potential for reducing nitrogen discharge from agricultural drainage lines. More research is needed to develop the bioreactors for agricultural use and to devise effective strategies for their implementation with other emerging technologies for improved water quality on both watershed and basin scales. C1 [Hunt, Patrick G.; Matheny, Terry A.; Ro, Kyoung S.; Stone, Kenneth C.; Vanotti, Matias B.] Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Florence, SC 29501 USA. RP Hunt, PG (reprint author), Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA ARS, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM patrick.hunt@ars.usda.gov NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PY 2008 VL 43 IS 9 BP 1077 EP 1084 DI 10.1080/10934520802060084 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 317WU UT WOS:000257051900011 PM 18569323 ER PT J AU Adrizal, A Patterson, PH Hulet, RM Bates, RM Myers, CAB Martin, G Shockey, RL Van der Grinten, M Anderson, DA Thompson, JR AF Adrizal, A. Patterson, P. H. Hulet, R. M. Bates, R. M. Myers, C. A. B. Martin, G. P. Shockey, R. L. Van der Grinten, M. Anderson, D. A. Thompson, J. R. TI Vegetative buffers for fan emissions from poultry farms: 2. ammonia, dust and foliar nitrogen SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Picea abies; Populus deltoides x Populus nigra; Salix matsudana x Salix alba; Salix purpurea; leaf nitrogen; leaf dry matter; commercial poultry farms; ammonia; particulate matter ID ATMOSPHERIC AMMONIA; SPECIES COMPOSITION; WINDBREAKS; FEEDLOTS; ODOR AB This study evaluated the potential of trees planted around commercial poultry farms to trap ammonia (NH3) and dust or particulate matter (PM). Norway spruce, Spike hybrid poplar, hybrid willow, and Streamco purpleosier willow were planted on five commercial farms from 2003 to 2004. Plant foliage was sampled in front of the exhaust fans and at a control distance away from the fans on one turkey, two laying hen, and two broiler chicken farms between June and July 2006. Samples were analyzed for dry matter (DM), nitrogen (N), and PM content. In addition, NH3 concentrations were measured downwind of the exhaust fans among the trees and at a control distance using NH3 passive dosi-tubes. Foliage samples were taken and analyzed separately based on plant species. The two layer farms had both spruce and poplar plantings whereas the two broiler farms had hybrid willow and Streamco willow plantings which allowed sampling and species comparisons with the effect of plant location (control vs. fan). The results showed that NH3 concentration h(-1) was reduced by distance from housing fans (P <= 0.0001), especially between 0 m (12.01 ppm), 11.4 m (2.59 ppm), 15 m (2.03 ppm), and 30 m (0.31 ppm). Foliar N of plants near the fans was greater than those sampled away from the fans for poplar (3.87 vs. 2.56%; P <= 0.0005) and hybrid willow (3.41 vs. 3.02%; P <= 0.05). The trends for foliar N in spruce (1.91 vs. 1.77%; P = 0.26) and Streamco willow (3.85 vs. 3.33; P = 0.07) were not significant. Pooling results of the four plant species indicated greater N concentration from foliage sampled near the fans than of that away from the fans (3.27 vs. 2.67%; P <= 0.0001). Foliar DM concentration was not affected by plant location, and when pooled the foliar DM of the four plant species near the fans was 51.3% in comparison with 48.5% at a control distance. There was a significant effect of plant location on foliar N and DM on the two layer farms with greater N and DM adjacent to fans than at a control distance (2.95 vs. 2.15% N and 45.4 vs. 38.2% DM, respectively). There were also significant plant species effects on foliar N and DM with poplar retaining greater N (3.22 vs. 1.88%) and DM (43.7 vs. 39.9%) than spruce. The interaction of location by species (P <= 0.005) indicated that poplar was more responsive in terms of foliar N, but less responsive for DM than spruce. The effect of location and species on foliar N and DM were not clear among the two willow species on the broiler farms. Plant location had no effect on plant foliar PM weight, but plant species significantly influenced the ability of the plant foliage to trap PM with spruce and hybrid willow showing greater potential than poplar and Streamco willow for PM2.5(0.0054, 0.0054, 0.0005, and 0.0016 mg cm(-2); P <= 0.05) and total PM (0.0309, 0.0102, 0.0038, and 0.0046 mg cm(-2), respectively; P <= 0.001). Spruce trapped more dust compared to the other three species (hybrid willow, poplar, and Streamco willow) for PM10 (0.0248 vs. 0.0036 mg cm(-2); P <= 0.0001) and PM>10 (0.0033 vs. 0.0003 mg cm(-2); P = 0.052). This study indicates that poplar, hybrid willow, and Streamco willow are appropriate species to absorb poultry house aerial NH3-N, whereas spruce and hybrid willow are effective traps for dust and its associated odors. C1 [Patterson, P. H.; Hulet, R. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Adrizal, A.] Univ Jambi, Fac Anim Husbandry, Jambi, Indonesia. [Bates, R. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Hort, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Myers, C. A. B.] Penn State Univ Cooperat Extens Livestock, Leesport, PA USA. [Martin, G. P.] Penn State Univ Cooperat Extens Poultry, Leesport, PA USA. [Shockey, R. L.] USDA, NRCS, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Van der Grinten, M.] USDA, NRCS, Big Flats Plant Mat Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Anderson, D. A.; Thompson, J. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Patterson, PH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM php1@psu.edu NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 96 EP 103 DI 10.1080/03601230701735078 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 251ET UT WOS:000252354800013 PM 18161579 ER PT J AU Anhalt, JC Moorman, TB Koskinen, WC AF Anhalt, Jennifer C. Moorman, Thomas B. Koskinen, William C. TI Degradation and sorption of imidacloprid in dissimilar surface and subsurface soils SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE degradation; sorption; insecticide; leach; partition; pesticide; subsoil; subsurface; transport ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; EXTRACTION METHOD; INCUBATION-TIME; DESORPTION; METABOLITES; BIOAVAILABILITY; BIODEGRADATION; MINERALIZATION; INSECTICIDES; MISSISSIPPI AB Degradation and sorption/desorption are important processes affecting the leaching of pesticides through soil. This research characterized the degradation and sorption of imidacloprid (1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)-methyl]-N-nitro-2-imidazolidinimine) in Drummer (silty clay loam) and Exeter (sandy loam) surface soils and their corresponding subsurface soils using sequential extraction methods over 400 days. By the end of the incubation, approximately 55% of imidacloprid applied at a rate of 1.0 mg kg(-1) degraded in the Exeter sandy loam surface and subsurface soils, compared to 40% of applied imidacloprid within 300 days in Drummer surface and subsurface soils. At the 0.1 mg kg(-1) application rate, dissipation was slower for all four soils. Water-extractable imidacloprid in Exeter surface soil decreased from 98% of applied at day 1 to 70% of the imidacloprid remaining after 400 d, as compared to 55% in the Drummer surface soil at day 1 and 12% at day 400. These data suggest that imidacloprid was bioavailable to degrading soil microorganisms and sorption/desorption was not the limiting factor for biodegradation. In subsurface soils 40% of C-14-benzoic acid was mineralized over 21 days, demonstrating an active microbial community. In contrast, cumulative (CO2)-C-14 was less than 1.5% of applied C-14-imidacloprid in all soils over 400 d. Qualitative differences in the microbial communities appear to limit the degradation of imidacloprid in the subsurface soils. C1 [Moorman, Thomas B.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Anhalt, Jennifer C.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Ames, IA USA. [Koskinen, William C.] ARS, USDA, Soil & Water Management Res Unit, St Paul, MN USA. RP Moorman, TB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM tom.moorman@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 15 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1080/03601230701771107 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 279ZT UT WOS:000254395400001 PM 18368539 ER PT J AU Burr, G Hume, M Ricke, S Nisbet, D Gatlin, D AF Burr, Gary Hume, Michael Ricke, Steven Nisbet, David Gatlin, Delbert, III TI A preliminary in vitro assessment of GroBiotic (R)-A, brewer's yeast and fructooligosaccharide as prebiotics for the red drum Sciaenops ocellatus SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE prebiotics; gastrointestinal tract microbes; anaerobic bacteria; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SALVELINUS-ALPINUS L.; CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; X MORONE-SAXATILIS; 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; GUT MICROBES; ARCTIC CHARR; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; HERBIVOROUS TELEOST AB This study examined the effects of brewers yeast, fructooligosaccharide (FOS), and GroBiotic (R)-A, a mixture of partially autolyzed brewers yeast, dairy components and dried fermentation products, on the intestinal microbial community of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus. Gastrointestinal (GI) tracts were aseptically removed from three sub-adult red drum previously maintained on a commercial diet and placed in an anaerobic chamber. Intestinal contents were removed, diluted and incubated in vitro in one of four liquid media: normal diet alone, diet + 2% (w/w) GroBiotic (R)-A, diet + 2% brewers yeast, and diet + 2% FOS. After 24 and 48 h of incubation at 25 degrees C, supernatants were removed for volatile fatty acid (VFA) analysis and DNA was extracted for denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on a highly conserved region of M 16S rDNA and the amplicons were subjected to DGGE. The microbial community (MC) fingerprint was used to distinguish microbial populations. The intestinal contents incubated with GroBiotic (R)-A had significantly (P < 0.05) higher acetate and total VFA concentrations at 48 h compared to the other treatments. DGGE analysis demonstrated that the microbial community was significantly altered by Grobiotic-A and brewers yeast. C1 [Burr, Gary; Gatlin, Delbert, III] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hume, Michael; Nisbet, David] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX USA. [Hume, Michael; Ricke, Steven] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Ricke, Steven] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Food Safety & Microbiol, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Gatlin, D (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM d-gatlin@tamu.edu NR 52 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 253 EP 260 DI 10.1080/03601230701771438 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 279ZT UT WOS:000254395400008 PM 18368546 ER PT J AU Ou, LT Thomas, JE Allen, LH Vu, JC Dickson, DW AF Ou, Li-Tse Thomas, John E. Allen, L. Hartwell, Jr. Vu, Joseph C. Dickson, Donald W. TI Comparison of surface emissions and subsurface distribution of cis- and trans-1,3-dichloropropne and chloropicrin in sandy field beds covered with four different plastic films SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE fumigant; 1,3-D; chloropicrin; subsurface distribution; volatilization; field bed; plastic mulch; spatial variation ID METHYL-BROMIDE ALTERNATIVES; IRRIGATION SYSTEMS; METAM SODIUM; TOMATO; SOIL; DRIP; PEST AB The purpose of this study was to conduct a field study at a Florida field site on surface emissions and subsurface distribution of cis-and trans-1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and chloropicrin (CP) in raised beds injected with Telone C35 with four replications. A total of 16 beds were applied with Telone C35 by chisel injection and covered with four different plastic films, 4 beds for each film. Each bed was installed with five 20-cm long soil pore air probes and a surface air collection pan at arbitrarily locations along the length of each bed for sampling soil pore air and surface air, respectively, for analysis of the three biologically active compounds, cis- and trans-1,3-D and CP. We found that average concentrations of the three compounds at 20-cm depth among the beds covered with four different plastic films generally were not statistically different. Among the four beds covered with the same plastic film, average concentrations of the three compounds were statistically different only in the four metallic PE covered beds at 5 and 24 hours after injection. Volatilization rates of the three compounds among the beds covered with four different plastic films, with the exception of CP at 48 hours after injection, were not statistically different. It appeared that initial upward diffusion and volatilization flux were influenced by solar radiation. Initial subsurface concentrations of the three compounds and volatilization flux, especially cis-1,3-D, were greater in the beds on the east side of the field than that in the beds on the west side of the field. Whether or not difference in initial subsurface concentrations of the compounds between east side beds and west side beds may influence fumigant efficacy remains to be determined. C1 [Ou, Li-Tse; Thomas, John E.] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Allen, L. Hartwell, Jr.; Vu, Joseph C.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL USA. [Dickson, Donald W.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Ou, LT (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM lto@ufl.edu NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2008 VL 43 IS 5 BP 376 EP 381 DI 10.1080/03601230802062018 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 318SL UT WOS:000257112500002 PM 18576217 ER PT J AU Silverstein, PS Bosworth, BG Gaunt, PS AF Silverstein, P. S. Bosworth, B. G. Gaunt, P. S. TI Differential susceptibility of blue catfish, Ictalurus furcatus (Valenciennes), channel catfish, I-punctatus (Rafinesque), and blue x channel catfish hybrids to channel catfish virus SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE blue catfish; challenges; channel catfish; channel catfish virus; hybrids; susceptibility C1 [Gaunt, P. S.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Silverstein, P. S.; Bosworth, B. G.] USDA ARS, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Gaunt, PS (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, 127 Expt Stn Rd,POB 197, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM gaunt@cvm.msstate.edu NR 11 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0140-7775 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 31 IS 1 BP 77 EP 79 PG 3 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 240KX UT WOS:000251587600009 PM 18086038 ER PT J AU Edrington, TS Callaway, TR Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ AF Edrington, Tom S. Callaway, Todd R. Anderson, Robin C. Nisbet, David J. TI Prevalence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella on commercial dairies utilizing a single heifer raising facility SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; UNITED-STATES; CATTLE; COWS; SLAUGHTER/ AB The objectives of the current research were twofold: (i) to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella in the various classes of dairy cattle and (ii) to determine if comingling of calves from multiple farms at a heifer feedlot serves as a transmission vector for Salmonella back to the dairy farm. Four large commercial dairies in the southwestern United States were sampled in October 2005 and again in March 2006. Fecal samples were collected from hutch calves, 12-and 24-month-old heifers, lactating cows, dry cows, and cattle in the sick-fresh pen and cultured with brilliant green agar supplemented with novobiocin (BGA(nov)) to estimate the overall Salmonella prevalence, or with tetracycline (BGA(tet)) to estimate MDR Salmonella. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted with the National Antibiotic Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) testing panel, and a portion of the isolates were serotyped. Salmonella prevalence among groups ranged from 0 to 96% positive, with the highest incidence observed in the hutch calves and cattle in the sick-fresh pen. Twenty-eight different serotypes were identified with serotype Reading accounting for the majority of isolates cultured on BGA(tet). Nearly all (100 of 103) isolates cultured on BGA(nov) and screened for antibiotic resistance were pan susceptible, whereas over one-half (64%) of the isolates cultured on BGA(tet) were MDR. Forty isolates displayed the ACSSuT resistance pattern, and 36 isolates displayed the MDR-AmpC pattern of the 72 isolates examined following culture on BGA(tet). The incidence of Salmonella cultured on BGA(tet) was low (9%) in all heifers and only one MDR isolate was cultured (from a 12-month-old heifer), suggesting the risk of transmission of Salmonella from the heifer feedlot back to the dairy is low. Results of this research suggest the incidence of MDR Salmonella, found primarily in hutch calves and cattle in the sick-fresh pen, is low in comparison to the overall Salmonella prevalence. C1 [Edrington, Tom S.; Callaway, Todd R.; Anderson, Robin C.; Nisbet, David J.] USDA ARS, Foof & Feed Safety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Edrington, TS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foof & Feed Safety Res Unit, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM edrington@ffsru.tamu.edu NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 1 BP 27 EP 34 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 248OH UT WOS:000252162900004 PM 18236659 ER PT J AU Berrang, ME Frank, JF Meinersmann, RJ AF Berrang, M. E. Frank, J. F. Meinersmann, R. J. TI Effect of chemical sanitizers with and without ultrasonication on Listeria monocytogenes as a biofilm within polyvinyl chloride drain pipes SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID POWER ULTRASOUND; POULTRY; RESISTANCE; MEAT AB As part of a biofilm in a floor drain, Listeria monocytogenes is exceedingly difficult to eradicate with standard sanitizing protocols. The objective of these studies was to test the use of ultrasonication to break up biofilm architecture and allow chemical sanitizers to contact cells directly. L. monocytogenes biofilms were created in model polyvinyl chloride drain pipes. Chemical sanitizers (quaternary ammonium, peroxide, or chlorine) were applied to the drain pipes with and without a 30-s ultrasonication treatment. Controls using sterile water were included for comparison. L. monocytogenes cells were enumerated from the liquid in the drain and the inside wall surface of the pipe. All chemicals lowered numbers of planktonic cells from 6.6 log CFU/ml in the water control to < 100 CFU/ml. Attached cells were also affected by the chemical sanitizers. Approximately 6.0 log CFU/cm(2) of the inner wall surface was detected in water control pipes, and ultrasonication did not lower these numbers. With or without ultrasonication, the peroxide-based sanitizer was effective for reducing the numbers of attached L. monocytogenes cells. resulting in approximately 2.0 log CFU/cm(2). Both the chlorine- and quaternary ammonium-based sanitizers reduced the number of attached L. monocytogenes cells to a lesser degree, resulting in 4.2 to 4.4 log CFU/cm(2). However, addition of ultrasonication improved the performance of both these sanitizers, causing a further reduction to 3.1 and 2.9 CFU/ cm(2) for quaternary ammonium- and chlorine-based chemicals, respectively. These results indicate that a peroxide-based sanitizer alone can be very effective against biofilm L. monocytogenes in drain pipes, and the addition of ultrasonication can improve the effectiveness of chlorine or quaternary ammonium sanitizers. C1 [Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Frank, J. F.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 11 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 1 BP 66 EP 69 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 248OH UT WOS:000252162900009 PM 18236664 ER PT J AU Sonli, KA Jesudhasan, P Cepeda, M Widmer, K Jayaprakasha, GK Patil, BS Hume, ME Pillai, SD AF Sonli, Kamlesh A. Jesudhasan, Palmy Cepeda, Martha Widmer, Kenneth Jayaprakasha, G. K. Patil, Bhimanagouda S. Hume, Michael E. Pillai, Suresh D. TI Identification of ground beef-derived fatty acid inhibitors of autoinducer-2-based cell signaling SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; SERRATIA-LIQUEFACIENS MG1; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BIOFILM FORMATION; QUORUM; BACTERIA; COMMUNICATION; ENCODES AB Autoinducer-2 (AI-2) molecules are used by several microorganisms to modulate various processes, including bioluminescence. biofilm formation, and virulence expression. Certain food matrices, including ground beef extracts, possess compounds capable of inhibiting AI-2 activity. In the present study, we identified and characterized these AI-2 inhibitors from around beef extract using hexane solvent extraction and gas chromatography. Gas chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of several fatty acids such as palmitic acid (C-16:0). stearic acid (C-18:0), oleic acid (C-18:1 omega 9), and linoleic acid (C-18:2 omega 6) that were capable of inhibiting AI-2 activity. These fatty acids were tested (using Vibrio harveyi BB170 and MM32 reporter strains) at different concentrations (1, 5, and 10 mM) to identify differences in the level of AI-2 activity inhibition. AI-2 inhibition ranged from 25 to 90%. A mixture of these fatty acids (prepared at concentrations equivalent to those present in the ground beef extract) produced 52 to 65% inhibition of AI-2 activity. The fatty acid mixture also negatively influenced Escherichia coli K-12 biofilm formation. These results demonstrate that both medium- and long-chain fatty acids in ground beef have the ability to interfere with AI-2-based cell signaling, C1 [Sonli, Kamlesh A.; Jesudhasan, Palmy; Cepeda, Martha; Widmer, Kenneth; Hume, Michael E.; Pillai, Suresh D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Food Safety & Environm Microbiol Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jayaprakasha, G. K.; Patil, Bhimanagouda S.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Hort Sci, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Jayaprakasha, G. K.; Hume, Michael E.] USDA ARS, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, Food & Feed Dafety Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Pillai, SD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Food Safety & Environm Microbiol Program, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM spillai@poultry.tamu.edu RI Jesudhasan, Palmy/B-2626-2009; Jayaprakasha, Guddadarangavvanahal/B-3012-2014; OI Jayaprakasha, Guddadarangavvanahal/0000-0003-1749-9699; Widmer, Kenneth/0000-0002-8154-5373 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 71 IS 1 BP 134 EP 138 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 248OH UT WOS:000252162900018 ER PT J AU Sommers, CH Rajkowski, KT Jaczynski, J Matak, KE AF Sommers, Christopher H. Rajkowski, Kathleen T. Jaczynski, Jacek Matak, Kristen E. TI Radiation sensitivity of Escherichia coli JM109 and DH5 alpha SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Letter C1 [Sommers, Christopher H.; Rajkowski, Kathleen T.] USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Jaczynski, Jacek; Matak, Kristen E.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Sommers, CH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20250 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 73 IS 1 BP VII EP VII PG 1 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 255OF UT WOS:000252666600001 PM 18211382 ER PT J AU Cramp, GL Kwanyuen, P Daubert, CR AF Cramp, G. L. Kwanyuen, P. Daubert, C. R. TI Molecular interactions and functionality of a cold-gelling soy protein isolate SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cold-gelling; critical concentration; disulfide bonds; hydrophobic interactions; soy protein isolate ID SOYBEAN PROTEINS; SULFHYDRYL-GROUPS; THERMAL-TREATMENT; DISULFIDE BONDS; GELATION; 7S; ASSOCIATION; DISSOCIATION; DISPERSIONS; GLOBULINS AB A soy protein isolate (SPI) was thermally denatured at a critical concentration of 8% protein for 3 h at 95 degrees C, resulting in a powder that was readily reconstituted at ambient temperature and that demonstrated improved heat stability and cold-set gel functionality when compared to a control SPI. When SPI was heated at 3% protein equivalently, prior to reconstitution to 8% protein, the final viscosity was about 3 orders of magnitude less than the original sample. The viscosity of SPI heated at 3% protein was still nearly 2 orders of magnitude less than the original sample after both samples were reheated at 8% protein. These results suggested that heat denaturation at low protein concentrations limited network formation even after the protein concentration and interaction sites increased, impacting the isolate's cold gelling ability. Gelation was prevented upon treatment of SPI with iodoacetamide, which carbaminomethylated the cysteine residues, establishing the role of disulfide bonds in network formation. The viscosity of the 8% protein dispersion was also reduced by 2 orders of magnitude when treated with 8 M urea, and when combined with 10 mM DTT the gel viscosity was decreased by another order of magnitude. These results suggested that hydrophobic interactions played a primary role in gel strength after disulfide bonds form. The need for a higher concentration of protein during the heating step indicated that the critical disulfide bonds are intermolecular. Ultimately, the functionality produced by these protein-protein interactions produced a powdered soy protein isolate ingredient with consistent cold-set and thermal gelation properties. C1 [Cramp, G. L.; Daubert, C. R.] USDA ARS, Dept Food Sci, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Kwanyuen, P.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Daubert, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dept Food Sci, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM chris_daubert@ncsu.edu NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 14 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 73 IS 1 BP E16 EP E24 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00583.x PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 255OF UT WOS:000252666600012 PM 18211349 ER PT J AU Huang, L Sites, J AF Huang, L. Sites, J. TI Elimination of listeria monocytogenes on hotdogs by infrared surface treatment SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE infrared heating; L. monocytogenes; RTE neats; surface pasteurization ID QUALITY; BARLEY AB The objective of this research was to develop an infrared pasteurization process with automatic temperature control for inactivation of surface contaminated listeria monocytogenes on ready-to-eat meats such as hotdogs. The pasterization system contained 4 basic elements: an infrared emitter, a hotdog roller, an infrared sensor, and a temperature controller. The infrared sensor was used to monitor the surface temperature of hotdogs while the infrared emitter, modulated by a power controller, was used as a heating source. The surface temperature of hotdogs was increased to set points (70,75, 80, or 85 degrees C), maintained for bacterial kill. the infrared surface pasterization was evaluated using hotdogs tha were surface inoculated with a 4 strain L. monocytogenes was observed after the surface temperature of hotdogs was increased to 70, 75, 80, or 85 degrees C, a total of 6.4 or 6.7 logs of L. monocytogenes were inactivated. This study demonstrated that the infrared surface pasterization was effective in inactivating L. monocytogenes in RTE meats. C1 [Huang, L.; Sites, J.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Huang, L (reprint author), USDA, Agr Res Serv, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM Lihan.Huang@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 9 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 73 IS 1 BP M27 EP M31 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2007.00589.x PG 5 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 255OF UT WOS:000252666600018 PM 18211358 ER PT J AU Snyder, SA Kilgore, MA Hudson, R Donnay, J AF Snyder, Stephanie A. Kilgore, Michael A. Hudson, Rachel Donnay, Jacob TI Influence of purchaser perceptions and intentions on price for forest land parcels: A hedonic pricing approach SO JOURNAL OF FOREST ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE forest land prices; forest markets; hedonic analysis; forest finance; price function ID PRIVATE FORESTS; IMPLICIT PRICES; REAL-ESTATE; PROPERTY; MARKET; DETERMINANTS; AMENITIES; MODELS AB A hedonic model was developed to analyze the market for undeveloped forest land in Minnesota. Variables describing in situ conditions, locational characteristics, buyer perceptions and intentions, and transactional terms were tested for their influence on sale price. The independent variables explained 67% of the per hectare sale price variation. Water frontage, road access and density, absentee ownership, future intentions, and financing arrangements had large, positive influences on price. Lack of a real-estate agent and agricultural land in the vicinity of the parcel had negative influences. A parcel's merchantable timber volume was not a significant predictor of price. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Snyder, Stephanie A.; Hudson, Rachel] USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Kilgore, Michael A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Donnay, Jacob] Pinchot Inst Conservat, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Snyder, SA (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 1992 Folwell Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM stephaniesnyder@fs.fed.us; mkilgore@umn.edu; rachelhudson@fs.fed.us; jdonnay@pinchot.org NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1104-6899 J9 J FOREST ECON JI J. For. Econ. PY 2008 VL 14 IS 1 BP 47 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.jfe.2007.04.002 PG 26 WC Economics; Forestry SC Business & Economics; Forestry GA 266JQ UT WOS:000253431800004 ER PT J AU Brown, RNK Rosenberger, RS Kline, JD Hall, TE Needham, MD AF Brown, Ryan N. K. Rosenberger, Randall S. Kline, Jeffrey D. Hall, Troy E. Needham, Mark D. TI Visitor preferences for managing wilderness recreation after wildfire SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE wildland fire; recreation; wilderness management; public forest values ID FIRE MANAGEMENT; BIKING DEMAND; FOREST-FIRES; VALUES; IMPACTS; HIKING AB The 2003 Bear Butte and Booth (B&B) Fires burned much of the Mount Jefferson Wilderness in the Deschutes and Willamette National Forests, Oregon. A question for managers is how best to manage recreation in fire-affected areas in ways that minimize adverse impacts on visitor experiences and the recovering landscape. To help address this question, we used onsite surveys (n = 221) asking visitors in the Mount Jefferson Wilderness about their post use and postfire changes in use and their preferences for managing recreation after fires. Results indicated that recreation use declined after the fires, but declines were less than those after recent policy and management decisions such as the Recreation Fee Demonstration Program. Visitor preferences for managing postfire recreation were mixed. Some visitors supported little or no management, some preferred access and use restrictions coupled with camping regulations, and some preferred either access and use restrictions or camping regulations alone. C1 [Brown, Ryan N. K.] US Forest Serv, Willamette Natl Forest, Oakridge, OR USA. [Rosenberger, Randall S.; Needham, Mark D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kline, Jeffrey D.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Hall, Troy E.] Univ Idaho, Dept Conservat Social Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. RP Brown, RNK (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Willamette Natl Forest, Oakridge, OR USA. EM rnbrown@fs.fed.us; r.rosenberger@oregonstate.edu; jkline@fs.fed.us; troyh@uidaho.edu; mark.needham@oregonstate.edu NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 12 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 106 IS 1 BP 9 EP 16 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275IE UT WOS:000254064300006 ER PT J AU White, EM Stynes, DJ AF White, Eric M. Stynes, Daniel J. TI National forest visitor spending averages and the influence of trip type and recreation activity SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE recreation visitor spending; economic impact; national forests; National Visitor Use Monitoring ID OPPORTUNITY SPECTRUM AB Estimates of national forest recreation visitor spending serve as inputs to regional economic analyses and help to identify the economic linkages between national forest recreation use and local forest communities. When completing recreation-related analyses, managers, planners, and researchers frequently think of visitors in terms of recreation activity. When completing recreation visitor spending analyses we argue that visitors should be segmented based primarily on the type of recreation trip taken. Using survey data collected as part of the US Forest Service National Visitor Use Monitoring program we examine the efficacy of trip-type segmentation relative to one based on recreation activity. We show that spending averages developed for activity groups without regard to trip type provide an incomplete picture of recreation visitor spending. Ultimately, trip type is shown to have a greater role in influencing the level of recreation visitor expenditures than recreation activity. Implications for national forest planning and management are discussed. C1 [White, Eric M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Stynes, Daniel J.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP White, EM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM emwhite@fs.fed.us; stynes@msu.edu NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 106 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 PG 8 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275IE UT WOS:000254064300007 ER PT J AU Toman, EL Shindler, B Absher, J McCaffrey, S AF Toman, Eric L. Shindler, Bruce Absher, Jim McCaffrey, Sarah TI Postfire communication: The influence of site visits on local support SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE postfire planning; agency outreach; communication; social acceptability ID STRATEGIES; INTERFACE; WILDFIRE; FIRE AB The prevalence of large wildfires has increased in recent years. In many cases, agency personnel have little prior experience to draw from to organize their postfire response to uncharacteristically large events. However, local residents look to resource managers to provide the necessary leadership to work through these difficult decisions. In particular, methods to create meaningful discussion of management priorities with local citizens are essential. This article reports results from a telephone survey of participants in a US Forest Service-led tour after the Booth and Bear Butte complex Fires in central Oregon. Findings indicate that the tour provided local residents with useful information and contributed to improved understanding of potential actions. Participants also expressed a high level of support for active management to restore forest conditions. The most striking outcome was the substantial goodwill generated by the tour among participants. Responses showed a high level of appreciation for and improved confidence in local US Forest Service personnel. C1 [Toman, Eric L.; Shindler, Bruce] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Absher, Jim] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [McCaffrey, Sarah] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. RP Toman, EL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, 280 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM eric.toman@oregonstate.edu; bruce.shindler@oregonstate.edu; jabsher@fs.fed.us; smccaffrey@fi.fed.us NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 106 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275IE UT WOS:000254064300008 ER PT J AU Collins, S Darr, D Wear, D Brown, H AF Collins, Sally Darr, David Wear, David Brown, Hutch TI Global markets and the health of America's forests: A forest service perspective SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Collins, Sally; Darr, David; Brown, Hutch] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Wear, David] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Collins, S (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Washington, DC USA. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2008 VL 106 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 275IE UT WOS:000254064300011 ER PT J AU Harrison, WD Motyka, RJ Truffer, M Eisen, O Moran, MT Raymond, CF Fahnestock, MA Nolan, M AF Harrison, W. D. Motyka, R. J. Truffer, M. Eisen, O. Moran, M. T. Raymond, C. F. Fahnestock, M. A. Nolan, M. TI Another surge of Variegated Glacier, Alaska, USA, 2003/04 SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Harrison, W. D.; Motyka, R. J.; Truffer, M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Eisen, O.] Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany. [Moran, M. T.] Forest Serv Yakutat RD, USDA, Yakutat, AK 99689 USA. [Raymond, C. F.] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Fahnestock, M. A.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Nolan, M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Harrison, WD (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM harrison@gi.alaska.edu RI Eisen, Olaf/K-3846-2012; Fahnestock, Mark/N-2678-2013 OI Eisen, Olaf/0000-0002-6380-962X; NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU INT GLACIOL SOC PI CAMBRIDGE PA LENSFIELD RD, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1ER, ENGLAND SN 0022-1430 J9 J GLACIOL JI J. Glaciol. PY 2008 VL 54 IS 184 BP 192 EP 194 PG 3 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 282CS UT WOS:000254545800018 ER PT J AU Glenn, DM Wunsche, J McIvor, I Nissen, R George, A AF Glenn, D. Michael Wuensche, Jens McIvor, Ian Nissen, Robert George, Alan TI Ultraviolet radiation effects on fruit surface respiration and chlorophyll fluorescence SO JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UV-B RADIATION; ANTHOCYANIN SYNTHESIS; APPLE FRUIT; PLANTS; LEAVES; SKIN; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PROTECTION; MATURITY; DAMAGE AB High-value fruit crops are exposed to a range of environmental conditions that can reduce fruit quality. Solar injury (SI) or sunburn is a common disorder in tropical, sub-tropical, and temperate climates and is related to: 1) high fruit surface temperature; 2) high visible light intensity; and, 3) ultraviolet radiation (UV). Positional changes in fruit that are caused by increased weight or abrupt changes that result from Summer pruning, limb breakage, or other damage to the canopy can expose fruit to high solar radiation levels, increased fruit surface temperatures, and increased UV exposure that are higher than the conditions to which they are adapted. In our studies, we examined the effects of high fruit surface temperature, saturating photosynthetically-active radiation (PAR), and short-term UV exposure on chlorophyll fluorescence, respiration, and photosynthesis of fruit peel tissues from tropical and temperate fruit in a simulation of these acute environmental changes. All tropical fruits (citrus, macadamia, avocado, pineapple, and custard apple) and the apple cultivars 'Gala', 'Gold Rush', and 'Granny Smith' increased dark respiration (A(0)) when exposed to UV, suggesting that UV repair mechanisms were induced. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F-v/F-m,) and the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (VI) were unaffected, indicating no adverse effects on photosystem II (PSII). In contrast, 'Braeburn' apple had a reduced F-v/F-m with no increase in A0 on all, sampling dates. There was a consistent pattern in all studies. When F-v/F-m was unaffected by UV treatment, A(0) increased significantly. Conversely, when F-v/F-m was reduced by UV treatment, then A(0) was unaffected. The pattern suggests that when UV repair mechanisms are effective, PSII is adequately protected, and that this protection occurs at the cost of higher respiration. However, when the UV repair mechanisms are ineffective, not only is PSII damaged, but there is additional short-term damage to the repair mechanisms, indicated by a lack of respiration to provide energy. C1 [Glenn, D. Michael] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Wuensche, Jens] HortRes, Hawkes Bay Res Ctr, Havelock North, New Zealand. [McIvor, Ian] HortRes, Sustainable Land Use Team, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Nissen, Robert; George, Alan] Dept Primary Ind & Fisheries, Nambour, Qld 4560, Australia. RP Glenn, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM michael.glenn@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU HEADLEY BROTHERS LTD PI ASHFORD PA INVICTA PRESS, ASHFORD TN24 8HH, KENT, ENGLAND SN 1462-0316 J9 J HORTIC SCI BIOTECH JI J. Horticult. Sci. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 83 IS 1 BP 43 EP 50 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 259KP UT WOS:000252938500008 ER PT J AU Obenland, DM Vensel, WH Hurkman, WJ AF Obenland, D. M. Vensel, W. H. Hurkman, W. J. TI Alterations in protein expression associated with the development of mealiness in peaches SO JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHILLING INJURY; COLD-STORAGE; TOMATO FRUIT; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; STATISTICAL-MODEL; WOOLLY BREAKDOWN; ETHYLENE; NECTARINES; GENE; POLYGALACTURONASE AB Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with mass spectrometry was used to identify proteins related to the development of mealiness in peaches. Five proteins were identified that differed significantly in amount *between peaches that had mealy flesh and those that remained juicy following 3 weeks of storage at 5 degrees C and subsequent ripening for 3 - 4 d at 23 degrees C. The accumulation of ACC oxidase (ACO), a key enzyme of ethylene biosynthesis, decreased in mealy peaches. Immunoblots probed with antibodies against ACO confirmed the 2-DE results, and showed that the relationship between ACO levels and mealiness also existed within individual fruit. Phosphoglycerate kinase, an enzyme in the glycolytic pathway, was reduced in amount in mealy fruit. In contrast, two heat shock proteins and hydroxymethylbutenyl-4-diphosphate synthase increased in amounts in mealy peaches. The results regarding ACO levels are of interest due to the confirmed association of mealiness and ethylene and, given the regulatory effect of ethylene on cell wall degrading enzymes, suggest that the reduction in ACO expression during cold storage and subsequent ripening may be pivotal in the development of mealiness. C1 [Obenland, D. M.] USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. [Vensel, W. H.; Hurkman, W. J.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Obenland, DM (reprint author), USDA ARS, San Joaquin Valley Agr Sci Ctr, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM david.obenland@ars.usda.gov OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 NR 39 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU HEADLEY BROTHERS LTD PI ASHFORD PA INVICTA PRESS, ASHFORD TN24 8HH, KENT, ENGLAND SN 1462-0316 J9 J HORTIC SCI BIOTECH JI J. Horticult. Sci. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 83 IS 1 BP 85 EP 93 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 259KP UT WOS:000252938500014 ER PT J AU Pesce, JT Liu, ZG Hamed, H Alem, F Whitmire, J Lin, HX Liu, Q Urban, JF Gause, WC AF Pesce, John T. Liu, Zhugong Hamed, Hossein Alem, Farhang Whitmire, Jeanette Lin, Hongxia Liu, Qian Urban, Joseph F., Jr. Gause, William C. TI Neutrophils clear bacteria associated with parasitic nematodes augmenting the development of an effective Th2-type response SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; IL-4-PRODUCING T-CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; IN-VIVO; NIPPOSTRONGYLUS-BRASILIENSIS; TH2 RESPONSE; LYMPH-NODES; INFECTION; MICE AB Infection with the parasitic nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis induces a potent Th2 response; however, little is known about early stages of the innate response that may contribute to protective immunity. To examine early events in this response, chemokine expression in the draining lymph node was examined after N. brasiliensis inoculation. Pronounced increases of several chemokines, including CCL2, were observed. Compared with wild-type mice, elevations in a Gr-1(bright) population in the draining lymph node was significantly decreased in CCL2(-/-) mice after N. brasiliensis inoculation. Further flow cytometric and immunofluorescent analysis showed that in wild-type mice, Gr-1(+) cells transiently entered and exited the draining lymph node shortly after N brasiliensis inoculation. The Gr-1(bright) population was comprised of neutrophils expressing TGF-beta and TNF-alpha. Following Gr-1(+) cell depletion, N. brasiliensis infection resulted in transient, but significantly increased levels of IFN-gamma, increased serum IgG2a, reduced Th2 cytokines and serum IgE, greatly increased mortality, and delayed worm expulsion. Furthermore, bacteria were readily detected in vital organs. Infection of Gr-1(+) cell-depleted mice with N. brasiliensis larvae that were pretreated with antibiotics prevented bacterial dissemination, Th1 inflammatory responses, and decreases in host survival. This study indicates that parasitic nematodes can be an important vector of potentially harmful bacteria, which is typically controlled by CCL2-dependent neutrophils that ensure the optimal development of Th2 immune responses and parasite resistance. C1 [Liu, Zhugong; Hamed, Hossein; Alem, Farhang; Lin, Hongxia; Liu, Qian; Gause, William C.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07101 USA. [Pesce, John T.] NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Whitmire, Jeanette] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Urban, Joseph F., Jr.] USDA, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gause, WC (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07101 USA. EM gausewc@umdnj.edu OI Urban, Joseph/0000-0002-1590-8869 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI031678, AI031678, AI066188, R01 AI031678-10, R01 AI031678-11, R01 AI031678-12, R01 AI031678-13, R01 AI031678-14, R01 AI066188, R01 AI066188-01A1, R01 AI066188-02] NR 48 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JAN 1 PY 2008 VL 180 IS 1 BP 464 EP 474 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 248OF UT WOS:000252162700054 PM 18097048 ER PT J AU Chen, MS Zhao, HX Zhu, YC Scheffler, B Liu, XM Liu, X Hulbert, S Stuart, JJ AF Chen, Ming-Shun Zhao, Hui-Xian Zhu, Yu Cheng Scheffler, Brian Liu, Xuming Liu, Xiang Hulbert, Scot Stuart, Jeffrey J. TI Analysis of transcripts and proteins expressed in the salivary glands of Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hessian fly; Mayetiola destructor; secretory proteins; salivary glands; transcriptome; proteome ID CECIDOMYIIDAE POPULATIONS; SECRETED PROTEINS; RESISTANCE GENES; UNITED-STATES; DIPTERA; WHEAT; IDENTIFICATION; MOSQUITO; PROTEOME AB Hessian fly (Mayetiola destructor) larvae are thought to manipulate host growth and metabolism through salivary secretions. However, the transcriptome and proteome of Hessian fly salivary glands have not been systematically analyzed. In this research, we analyzed Expressed-Sequence-Tags (EST) representing 6106 cDNA clones randomly selected from four libraries made from dissected salivary glands. We also analyzed the protein composition of dissected salivary glands using one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis as well as LC-MS/MS analysis. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that approximately 60% of the total cDNA clones and 40% of assembled clusters encoded secretory proteins (SP). The SP-encoding cDNAs were grouped into superfamilies and families according to sequence similarities. In addition to the high percentage of SP-encoding transcripts, there was also a high percentage of transcripts encoding proteins that were either involved directly in protein synthesis or in house-keeping functions that provide conditions necessary for protein synthesis. Proteomic analysis also revealed a high percentage of proteins involved in protein synthesis either directly or indirectly. The high percentage of SP-encoding transcripts and high percentage of proteins related to protein synthesis suggested that the salivary glands of Hessian fly larvae are indeed specialized tissues for synthesis of proteins for host injection. However, LC-MS/MS analysis of 64 proteins did not identify any SPs corresponding to the cDNA sequences. The lack of accumulation of SPs in the salivary glands indicated the SPs were likely secreted as soon as they were synthesized. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chen, Ming-Shun] USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zhao, Hui-Xian] NW A&F Univ, Coll Life Sci, Yangling, Shaanxi, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Yu Cheng; Scheffler, Brian] USDA ARS, JWDSRC, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Liu, Xuming; Liu, Xiang] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hulbert, Scot] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Stuart, Jeffrey J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Chen, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall,1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM mchen@ksu.edu OI Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 NR 25 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.07.007 PG 16 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 258ZG UT WOS:000252908300001 PM 17854824 ER PT J AU Durmus, Y Buyukguzel, E Terzi, B Tunaz, H Stanley, D Buyukguzel, K AF Durmus, Yonca Bueyuekguezel, Ender Terzi, Burcin Tunaz, Hasan Stanley, David Bueyuekguezel, Kemal TI Eicosanoids mediate melanotic nodulation reactions to viral infection in larvae of the parasitic wasp, Pimpla turionellae SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE parasitoid wasp; Pimpla turionellae; cellular immunity; nodulation; phenoloxidase; eicosanoids ID MICROAGGREGATION REACTIONS; BACTERIAL-INFECTIONS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; GALLERIA-MELLONELLA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; FATTY-ACIDS; INSECT; PROSTAGLANDINS; ACTIVATION AB Nodulation is the quantitatively predominant insect cellular immune function activated in response to bacterial, fungal and some viral infections. We posed the hypothesis that parasitoid insects express melanotic nodulation reactions to viral challenge and that eicosanoids mediate these reactions. Treating fifth-instar larvae of the ichneumonid endoparasitoid Pimpla turionellae with Bovine Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (BHSV-1) induced nodulation reactions in a challenge dose-dependent manner. Experimental larvae treated with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, the lipoxygenase inhibitor, esculetin, and the phospholipase A(2) inhibitor, dexamethasone, resulted in severely impaired nodulation reactions to our standard BHSV-1 challenge dose. The immunoinhibitory influence of dexamethasone was reversed in larvae reared on culture medium amended with arachidonic acid, the fatty acid precursor of eicosanoid biosynthesis. Larvae that had been reared on media amended with indomethacin, esculetin, or dexamethasone were also compromised in their nodulation reactions to viral challenge. The influence of the orally administered pharmaceutical was expressed in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, wasp larvae reared in the presence of indomethacin and dexamethasone expressed significantly decreased levels of phenoloxidase activity in response to viral challenge. These findings draw attention to the idea that endoparasitoid insects express cellular immune reactions to viral challenge; they also support our hypothesis that eicosanoids mediate nodulation reactions to viral challenge in these highly specialized insects. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stanley, David] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Tunaz, Hasan] Karaelmas Univ, Dept Biol, Fac Arts & Sci, Zonguldak, Turkey. [Tunaz, Hasan] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. RP Stanley, D (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, 1503 S Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM stanleyd@missouri.edu NR 31 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.03.019 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 258ZG UT WOS:000252908300002 PM 17904576 ER PT J AU Shukle, RH Yoshiyama, M Morton, PK Johnson, AJ Schemerhorn, BJ AF Shukle, Richard H. Yoshiyama, Mikio Morton, Philip K. Johnson, Alisha J. Schemerhorn, Brandon J. TI Tissue and developmental expression of a gene from Hessian fly encoding an ABC-active-transporter protein: Implications for Malpighian tubule function during interactions with wheat SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; white gene; ABC-active-transporter protein; insect/plant interactions; malpighian tubules ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; MAYETIOLA-DESTRUCTOR; WHITE GENE; DIPTERA-CECIDOMYIIDAE; RESISTANCE GENES; INSECT; VIRULENCE; HOMOLOG; CLONING AB We report on the transcriptional patterns of a putative white (w) gene encoding an ABC-active-transporter protein during development in Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor. The deduced amino acid sequence for the Hessian fly white showed 74-77% similarities to white/ ATP-binding-cassette proteins and 52-57% similarities to scarlet/ATP-binding-cassette proteins from other dipterans. Conserved ATP-binding motifs and transmembrane a-helix segments were identified in the Hessian fly white protein further supporting its function as an ABC-active-transporter similar to the Drosophila white protein. Spatial analysis of transcript levels for white in larval Hessian fly tissues by quantitative real-time PCR revealed the greatest level of transcript in the Malpighian tubules, while analysis of temporal expression during development revealed the highest transcript levels in late 2nd- and early 3rd-instar larvae. Analysis of transcript levels for white in Hessian fly larvae feeding on susceptible and resistant wheat showed greater levels of the transcript in larvae feeding on resistant plants. We speculate the increased transcript level for white in larvae feeding on resistant wheat could be correlated with stress and increased Malpighian tubule activity associated with the metabolism and detoxification of toxic substrates generated either endogenously or encountered exogenously from the host plant. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Shukle, Richard H.; Morton, Philip K.; Johnson, Alisha J.; Schemerhorn, Brandon J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Yoshiyama, Mikio] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Innate Immun Lab, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058634, Japan. RP Shukle, RH (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, USDA ARS, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM shukle@purdue.edu OI Schemerhorn, Brandon/0000-0003-0247-478X NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 146 EP 154 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.08.012 PG 9 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 258ZG UT WOS:000252908300015 PM 17980386 ER PT J AU Raina, A Park, YI Gelman, D AF Raina, Ashok Park, Yong Ihl Gelman, Dale TI Molting in workers of the Formosan subterranean termite Coptotermes formosanus SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Formosan subterranean termite; Coptotermes formosanus; molting; gut fauna; juvenile hormone; ecdysteroids ID HORMONE TITERS; ISOPTERA; INSECTS; DIFFERENTIATION; RHINOTERMITIDAE; DEFAUNATION; MICROBIOTA; KOLLAR AB The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus, with its huge colonies, is a major urban pest in several southern states and Hawaii as well as in South Asia. Because of their cryptic nature (underground habitat) and very long life cycle, not much is known about molting in termite workers. In C formosanus, the workers stop foraging and lose their gut fauna, respectively, approximately 10 and 5 days prior to ecdysis. In any given colony an average of 1.01% (range 0.6-1.8) of the workers were found to molt each day under laboratory conditions. Workers destined to molt become sluggish and their head capsules develop a mottled texture one day prior to ecdysis. Ecdysis was generally accomplished with the assistance of other workers, which also fed on the exuviae. Immediately after molting worker mandibles were light pink in color and became fully melanized approximately two days later. Gut fauna were acquired on the fourth day after molting. Flagellates were transferred as small encysted cells from other workers through proctodeal feeding. Juvenile hormone III titer ranged between 30-41 pg/mg bodyweight in all stages except in workers sampled 6 days prior to ecdysis. In these workers the titer was 80.5 pg/mg. The high juvenile hormones (JH) titer may also be involved in causing defaunation. Ecdysteroid titer increased from 2.1 pg/mg in non-molting workers to 359.5 and 332.4 pg/mg one and two days following defaunation, respectively. There was a second smaller peak two days prior to ecdysis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Raina, Ashok; Park, Yong Ihl] ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Gelman, Dale] ARS, Insect Biocontrol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Raina, A (reprint author), ARS, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, USDA, 1100 Robert E Lee Blvd, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. EM araina@srrc.ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 155 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.08.015 PG 7 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 258ZG UT WOS:000252908300016 PM 17904575 ER PT J AU Merchant, D Ertl, RL Rennard, SI Stanley, DW Miller, JS AF Merchant, Deepali Ertl, Ronald L. Rennard, Stephen I. Stanley, David W. Miller, Jon S. TI Eicosanoids mediate insect hemocyte migration SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Manduca sexta; insect immunity; migration; boyden chamber ID FIBROBLAST-GROWTH-FACTOR; MANDUCA-SEXTA; BACTERIAL-INFECTION; TOBACCO HORNWORM; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; CHEMOTAXIS; BIOSYNTHESIS; RECEPTOR; LARVAE AB Hemocyte migration toward infection and wound sites is an essential component of insect defense reactions, although the biochemical signal mechanisms responsible for mediating migration in insect cells are not well understood. Here we report on the outcomes of experiments designed to test the hypotheses that (1) insect hemocytes are able to detect and migrate toward a source of N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP), the major chemotactic peptide from Escherichia coli and (2) that pharmaceutical modulation of eicosanoid biosynthesis inhibits hemocyte migration. We used primary hemocyte cultures prepared from fifth-instar tobacco hornworms, Manduca sexta in Boyden chambers to assess hemocyte migration toward buffer (negative control) and toward buffer amended with fMLP (positive control). Approximately 42% of negative control hemocytes migrated toward buffer and about 64% of positive control hemocytes migrated toward fMLP. Hemocyte migration was inhibited (by > 40%) by treating hornworms with pharmaceutical modulators of cycloxygenase (COX), lipoxygenase and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) before preparing primary hemocyte cultures. The influence of the COX inhibitor, indomethacin, and the glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, which leads to inhibition of PLA2, was expressed in a dose-dependent way. The influence of dexamethasone was reversed by injecting arachidonic acid (precursor to eicosanoid biosynthesis) into hornworms before preparing primary hemocyte cultures. The saturated fatty acid, palmitic acid, did not reverse the inhibitor effect. These findings support both our hypotheses, first that insect hemocytes can detect and respond to fMLP, and second, that insect hemocyte migration is mediated by eicosanoids. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Stanley, David W.] USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Merchant, Deepali; Miller, Jon S.] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. [Ertl, Ronald L.; Rennard, Stephen I.] Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Sect Pulm & Crit Care, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. RP Stanley, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, 1503 S Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM stanleyd@missouri.edu NR 37 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 16 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 54 IS 1 BP 215 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2007.09.004 PG 7 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 258ZG UT WOS:000252908300022 PM 17996890 ER PT J AU Majumdar, A Boetel, MA Jaronski, ST AF Majumdar, Ayanava Boetel, Mark A. Jaronski, Stefan T. TI Discovery of Fusarium solani as a naturally occurring pathogen of sugarbeet root maggot (Diptera : Ulidiidae) pupae: Prevalence and baseline susceptibility SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Tetanops myopaeformis; Fusarium solaiii; ARSEF 7382; pathogenicity; insect pathogen; entomopathogenic fungus; prevalence; pupal bioassay ID ANISOPLIAE AB The fungus Fusarium solani (Mart.) Sacc. was discovered as a native entomopathogen of the sugarbeet root maggot, Tetanops myopaeformis (Roder), in the Red River Valley of North Dakota during the 2004 sugarbeet production season. This is the first report of a native pathogen affecting the pupal stage of T myopaeformis. Forty-four percent Of larvae collected from a field site near St. Thomas (Pembina Co.) in northeastern North Dakota during May and June of 2004 were infected with the entomopathogen. The mean LC50 of F solani, assessed by multiple-dose bioassays with laboratory-reared pupae, was 1.8 X 10(6) conidia/ml. After isolation and confirmation of pathogenicity, a pure isolate of the fungus was deposited in the ARS Entomopathogenic Fungal Collection (ARSEF, Ithaca, NY) as ARSEF 7382. Symptoms of F solani infection included rapid pupal tissue atrophy and failure of adults to emerge. Transverse dissections of infected pupae revealed dense hyphal growth inside puparia, thus suggesting fungal penetration and pathogenicity. Mycelia emerged from pupae after host tissues were depleted. Exposure of older pupae to lethal concentrations caused rapid mortality of developing adults inside puparia. A second, more extensive field survey was conducted during the 2005 cropping season, and F solani infection was observed in root maggots at most locations, although at lower levels (1-10%) of prevalence than in 2004. Aberrant timing or amounts of rainfall received could have caused asynchrony between pathogen and host during the second year of the experiment. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Majumdar, Ayanava; Boetel, Mark A.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Jaronski, Stefan T.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Boetel, MA (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM mark.boetel@ndsn.edu NR 23 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 97 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2007.05.003 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 249KX UT WOS:000252228100001 PM 17662996 ER PT J AU Dyers, S Malecki, S Mack, L AF Dyers, S. Malecki, S. Mack, L. TI Structural, chemical and immunogenic effects of roasting on Ara H 3, a major peanut allergen SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Southern Regional Meeting of the American-Federation-for-Medical-Research CY FEB 12-14, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Federat Med Res, So Reg C1 [Dyers, S.] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Malecki, S.; Mack, L.] USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 50 KING STREET EAST, 2ND FLOOR, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 MA 40a BP 357 EP 357 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 257IV UT WOS:000252793301191 ER PT J AU Wilder, L Merkel, J Kirin, J Costello, R AF Wilder, L. Merkel, J. Kirin, J. Costello, R. TI A clinically-oriented bibliographic database of dietary supplement research and evidence-based recommendations SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Southern Regional Meeting of the American-Federation-for-Medical-Research CY FEB 12-14, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Federat Med Res, So Reg C1 [Wilder, L.; Costello, R.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Merkel, J.; Kirin, J.] USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 50 KING STREET EAST, 2ND FLOOR, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 MA 140 BP 389 EP 389 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 257IV UT WOS:000252793301290 ER PT J AU Collins-Burow, B Boue, S Muir, S Rhodes, L Guillot, L Zimmermann, C Salvo, V Fonseca, J Elliott, S Payton, F Wood, C Beckman, B McLachlan, J Cleveland, T Burow, M AF Collins-Burow, B. Boue, S. Muir, S. Rhodes, L. Guillot, L. Zimmermann, C. Salvo, V. Fonseca, J. Elliott, S. Payton, F. Wood, C. Beckman, B. McLachlan, J. Cleveland, T. Burow, M. TI Glyceollins (I-III), novel anti-estrogenic phytochemicals isolated from soy SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Southern Regional Meeting of the American-Federation-for-Medical-Research CY FEB 12-14, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Federat Med Res, So Reg C1 [Collins-Burow, B.; Muir, S.; Rhodes, L.; Guillot, L.; Zimmermann, C.; Salvo, V.; Fonseca, J.; Elliott, S.; Payton, F.; Beckman, B.; McLachlan, J.; Burow, M.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA USA. [Boue, S.; Cleveland, T.] USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. [Wood, C.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B C DECKER INC PI HAMILTON PA 50 KING STREET EAST, 2ND FLOOR, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 MA 383 BP 470 EP 471 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 257IV UT WOS:000252793301530 ER PT J AU Knotek, K Watson, AE Borrie, WT Whitmore, JG Turner, D AF Knotek, Katie Watson, Alan E. Borrie, William T. Whitmore, Joshua G. Turner, David TI Recreation Visitor Attitudes Towards Management-ignited Prescribed Fires in the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex, Montana SO JOURNAL OF LEISURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Prescribed fire; recreation; restoration; social judgment; wilderness AB Research at the Bob Marshall Wilderness Complex in Montana explored differences in recreation visitors' attitudes towards the use of management-ignited prescribed fires in the wilderness. A mail-back survey of visitors (n = 291) during the 2004 season revealed that over half of visitors would accept prescribed fires in wilderness. This support did not vary by ignition purpose: (a) to restore the natural role of fire or (b) to reduce hazardous fuels and potential for fire escaping to non-wilderness lands. Local visitors, however, were Significantly more accepting of prescribed fires than non-local visitors across both ignition purposes. A smaller proportion of visitors than was expected considered the presence of natural fire undesirable. C1 [Knotek, Katie; Watson, Alan E.] USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Borrie, William T.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Whitmore, Joshua G.] Western Carolina Univ, Base Camp Cullowhee, Cullowhee, NC USA. RP Watson, AE (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, 790 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM awatson@fs.fed.us RI Borrie, William/D-4258-2013 OI Borrie, William/0000-0003-3788-5220 NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL RECREATION PARK ASSOC PI ASHBURN PA 22377 BELMONT RIDGE RD, ASHBURN, VA 20148-4501 USA SN 0022-2216 J9 J LEISURE RES JI J. Leis. Res. PY 2008 VL 40 IS 4 BP 608 EP 618 PG 11 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 381FN UT WOS:000261521200007 ER PT J AU Price, NPJ Momany, FA Adeuya, A AF Price, Neil P. J. Momany, Frank A. Adeuya, Anthony TI Differential EI fragmentation pathways for peracetylated C-glycoside ketones as a consequence of bicyclic ketal ring structures SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE C-glycoside ketone; MALDI-TOF MS; fragmentation pathways; GC-MS ID CONDENSATION; DERIVATIVES; CONVENIENT; SUGARS AB Several C-glycoside ketones and peracetylated C-glycoside ketones have been synthesized from 13 structurally-diverse aldoses sugars (including isotope labeled [1-C-13]Glc, [U-C-13]Glc, and [6,6'-H-2(2)]Glc) via an aqueous-based Knoevanagel condensation with aliphatic 1,3-diketones. Sodium adduct molecular ions observed by MALDI-TOF MS confirmed that the reactions are essentially quantitative, and that the acetylation products are the expected peracetylated C-glycoside ketones, rather than cyclized ketofurans. Analysis of the peracetylated C-glycoside ketones by gas chromatography-EI-MS show characteristic fragment ions that have been assigned to four distinct fragmentation pathways. Peracetylated aldohexose-, aldopentose-, and 6-deoxyaldohexose-C-glycoside ketones fragment via gas phase furanoid intermediates. These data, and DFT calculations, indicate that the furanoid intermediates arise because the peracetylated C-glycoside ketones adopt a bicyclic structure containing a 5-member ketal ring. This ketal ring is the precursor of the furanoid rings in the gas phase. The 2-deoxyhexose-C-glycoside ketones are unable to form an intramolecular 2-ketal bond, and therefore undergo ion fragmentations via nonfuranoid pathways. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Price, Neil P. J.; Adeuya, Anthony] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Momany, Frank A.] Plant Polymer Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Price, NPJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM neil.price@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 43 IS 1 BP 53 EP 62 DI 10.1002/jms.1269 PG 10 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 266JA UT WOS:000253429500005 PM 17694591 ER PT J AU Geden, CJ Lietze, VU Boucias, DG AF Geden, Christopher J. Lietze, Verena-Ulrike Boucias, Drion G. TI Seasonal prevalence and transmission of salivary gland hypertrophy virus of house flies (Diptera : Muscidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE house fly; Musca domestica; salivary gland hypertrophy virus; infection ID GLOSSINA-PALLIDIPES; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; TSETSE-FLIES; HYPERPLASIA; SYRPHIDAE; FECES; FLY AB A survey (2005-2006) of housefly, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: Muscidae) populations on four Florida dairy farms demonstrated the presence of flies with acute symptoms of infection with salivary gland hypertrophy (SGH) virus on all farms. Disease incidence varied among farms (farm averages, 0.5-10.1%) throughout the year, and it showed a strong positive correlation with fly density. Infections were most common among flies that were collected in a feed barn on one of the farms, especially among flies feeding on wet brewers grains (maximum 34% SGH). No infections were observed among adult flies reared from larvae collected on the farms, nor among adults reared from larvae that had fed on macerated salivary glands from infected flies. Infected female flies produced either no or small numbers of progeny, none of which displayed SGH when they emerged as adults. Healthy flies became infected after they fed on solid food (a mixture of powdered milk, egg, and sugar) that had been contaminated by infected flies (42%) or after they were held in cages that had previously housed infected flies (38.6%). Healthy flies also became infected after they fed on samples of brewers grains (6.8%) or calf feed (2%) that were collected from areas of high fly visitation on the farms. Infection rates of field-collected flies increased from 6 to 40% when they fed exclusively on air-dried cloth strips soaked in a suspension of powdered egg and whole milk. Rates of virus deposition by infected flies on food were estimated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction at similar to 100 million virus copies per fly per hour. Electron microscopy revealed the presence on enveloped virus particles in the lumen of salivary glands and on the external mouthparts of infected flies. C1 [Geden, Christopher J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Lietze, Verena-Ulrike; Boucias, Drion G.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Geden, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM egeden@gainesville.usda.ufl.edu NR 21 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1 BP 42 EP 51 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[42:SPATOS]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 255CX UT WOS:000252635500007 PM 18283941 ER PT J AU Pridgeon, JW Pereira, RM Becnel, JJ Allan, SA Clark, GG Linthicum, KJ AF Pridgeon, Julia W. Pereira, Roberto M. Becnel, James J. Allan, Sandra A. Clark, Gary G. Linthicum, Kenneth J. TI Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus say, and Anopheles quadrimaculatus say to 19 pesticides with different modes of action SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pesticide; mosquito control; Aedes aegypti; Culex quinquefasciatus; Anopheles quadrimaculatus ID YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; DENGUE; POPULATIONS; FILARIASIS; WATER AB To access the relative potency of pesticides to control adult mosquitoes, 19 pesticides with various modes of action were evaluated against Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, and Anopheles quadrintaculatus Say. On the basis of 24-h LD50 values after topical application, the only pesticide that had higher activity than permethrin was fipronil, with LD50 values lower than permethrin for 107-, 4,849-, and 2-fold against Ae. aegypti, Cx. quinquefasciatus Say, and An. quadrimaculatus Say, respectively. Abamectin, imidacloprid, spinosad, diazinon, and carbaryl showed slightly lower activity than permethrin (<20-fold). However, bifenazate showed very low activity against the three mosquito species tested, with LD50 values higher than permthrin for >1000-fold. On the basis of 24-h LD,50 values, Cx. quinquefiasciatus was the least susceptible species to nine pesticides tested (DNOC, azocyclotin, chlorfenapyr, carbaryl, spinosad, imidaclorid, diazinon, abamectin, and permethrin), whereas Ae. aegypti was the least susceptible species to six pesticides tested (dicofol, amitraz, propargite, hydramethylnon, cyhexatin, and diafenthiuron), and An. quadrimaculatus was the least susceptible species to four pesticides tested (bifenazate, pyridaben, indoxacarb, and fipronil). Our results revealed that different species of mosquitoes had different susceptibility to pesticides, showing the need to select the most efficacious compounds for the least susceptible mosquito species to achieve successful mosquito control. C1 [Pridgeon, Julia W.; Pereira, Roberto M.; Becnel, James J.; Allan, Sandra A.; Clark, Gary G.; Linthicum, Kenneth J.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Pereira, Roberto M.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Pridgeon, JW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23red Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM julia.pridgeon@ars.usda.go RI Pereira, Roberto/B-5008-2010 OI Pereira, Roberto/0000-0002-5618-7690 NR 25 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 24 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1 BP 82 EP 87 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[82:SOAACQ]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 255CX UT WOS:000252635500012 PM 18283946 ER PT J AU Scoles, GA Miller, JA Foil, LD AF Scoles, Glen A. Miller, J. Allen Foil, Lane D. TI Comparison of the efficiency of biological transmission of Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales : Anaplasmataceae) by Dermacentor andersoni stiles (Acari : Ixodidae) with mechanical transmission by the horse fly, Tabanus fuscicostatus hine (Diptera : Muscidae) SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mechanical transmission; ticks; horse flies; anaplasmosis ID STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS; TABANIDAE; EXPRESSION; VARIANTS; MOVEMENT; MIDGUT AB Mechanical transmission of Anaplasma marginale by horse flies (Tabanidae) is thought to be epidemiologically significant in some areas of the United States. We compared the relative efficiencies of mechanical transmission of Anaplasma marginale by the horse fly, Tabanus fuscicostatus Hine, during acute infection (approximate to 10(7) to approximate to 10(9) infected erythrocytes [IE]/ml blood) with biological transmission by Dermacentor andersoni Stiles in the persistent phase of infection (approximate to 10(2.5) to approximate to 10(6) IE/ml). Transmission of A. marginale was not observed when horse flies were partially fed on an acutely infected donor calf and immediately transferred to susceptible calves to complete their blood meal. Ticks that were acquisition fed on the same donor host after it reached the persistent phase of infection successfully transmitted A. marginale when transferred to the same recipient calves that failed to acquire infection after fly feeding. Failure of fly-borne mechanical transmission at a rick-ettsemia >240-fold higher than that from which ticks transmitted with 100% efficiency shows that tick-borne biological transmission is at least two orders of magnitude more efficient than mechanical transmission by horse flies. C1 [Scoles, Glen A.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Miller, J. Allen] USDA ARS, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. [Foil, Lane D.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Scoles, GA (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Anim Dis Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM scoles@vetmed.wsu.edu NR 21 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[109:COTEOB]2.0.CO;2 PG 6 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 255CX UT WOS:000252635500016 PM 18283950 ER PT J AU Bowker, BC Fahrenholz, TM Paroczay, EW Eastridge, JS Solomon, MB AF Bowker, B. C. Fahrenholz, T. M. Paroczay, E. W. Eastridge, J. S. Solomon, M. B. TI Effect of hydrodynamic pressure processing and aging on the tenderness and myofibrillar proteins of beef strip loins SO JOURNAL OF MUSCLE FOODS LA English DT Article ID BOVINE LONGISSIMUS MUSCLE; CALCIUM-ACTIVATED FACTOR; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TROPONIN-T; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; ULTRASTRUCTURAL-CHANGES; SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS; INDUCED SOLUBILIZATION; BLADE TENDERIZATION; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS AB This study evaluated the effects of hydrodynamic pressure (HDP) processing and aging on the tenderness and myofibrillar proteins of beef strip loins. Loins (n = 12) were halved at 48 h postmortem and assigned to HDP or control treatments. Following treatment, each half was divided into three portions for aging (0, 5 or 8 days). Samples were removed for Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) determination and myofibrillar protein isolation. HDP decreased (P < 0.0001) WBSF values 23% at 0, 5 and 8 days of aging. Myofibrillar fragmentation and myofibrillar protein solubility increased (P < 0.01) with HDP and aging. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting analysis of myofibrillar proteins showed that HDP and aging decreased the intensity of the troponin T (TnT) band and enhanced the accumulation of the 30 kD TnT degradation product. These data suggest that HDP is more effective than aging tenderization, and that HDP tenderization is caused by both protein degradation and physical disruption of the myofibril apparatus. C1 [Bowker, B. C.; Fahrenholz, T. M.; Paroczay, E. W.; Eastridge, J. S.; Solomon, M. B.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Bowker, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM brian.bowker@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1046-0756 J9 J MUSCLE FOODS JI J. Muscle Foods PD JAN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 74 EP 97 PG 24 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 249EG UT WOS:000252209500006 ER PT J AU Solomon, MB Liu, MN Patel, J Paroczay, E Eastridge, J Coleman, SW AF Solomon, M. B. Liu, M. N. Patel, J. Paroczay, E. Eastridge, J. Coleman, S. W. TI Tenderness improvement in fresh or frozen/thawed beef steaks treated with hydrodynamic pressure processing SO JOURNAL OF MUSCLE FOODS LA English DT Article ID CALPASTATIN ACTIVITY; SHEAR FORCE; STORAGE; QUALITY; COOKING; MUSCLE; PALATABILITY; LAMB AB Tenderness improvement in fresh (F) or frozen/thawed (FT) beef steaks treated with hydrodynamic pressure processing (HDP) technology was examined. In Experiment 1, the effect of HDP and meat state at 48 h postmortem (fresh, never frozen compared to frozen at 48 h postmortem followed by thawing at 6 d postmortem) on meat tenderness at both day 1 and day 6 after HDP was evaluated. The effect of HDP was sustained throughout day 6 of aging.FT samples were 1 kg lower at day 1 compared to F samples and 0.8 kg lower at day 6. In Experiment 2, 40 boneless, rib-eye sections (5 d postmortem) were used. One control steak was cooked fresh, while a second was frozen for 60 d. HDP was performed on the 40 F rib-eye sections. Twenty of the HDP-treated rib eyes were frozen after HDP treatment. The remaining 20 F HDP-treated samples were cooked 24 h after treatment for tenderness determination. Sixty days after HDP treatment, the frozen control and HDP-treated samples were thawed and cooked. Control (never frozen) steaks prior to HDP treatment had shear values of 6.5 kg. A 29% reduction in shear force was observed for HDP-treated (F) samples. Freezing accounted for a 14% reduction in shear force. HDP treatment followed by freezing resulted in a 30% reduction in shear force compared to the frozen control samples. C1 [Solomon, M. B.; Liu, M. N.; Patel, J.; Paroczay, E.; Eastridge, J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim & Natl Resources Inst, Food Technol & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Coleman, S. W.] USDA ARS, Sub Trop Agr Res Stn, Brooksville, FL USA. RP Solomon, MB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim & Natl Resources Inst, Food Technol & Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM msolomon@anri.barc.usda.gov NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1046-0756 J9 J MUSCLE FOODS JI J. Muscle Foods PD JAN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 98 EP 109 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 249EG UT WOS:000252209500007 ER PT J AU Totolin, V Manolache, S Rowell, RM Denes, FS AF Totolin, V. Manolache, S. Rowell, R. M. Denes, F. S. TI Application of Cold Plasma to Improve Properties of Phenolic-Bonded Aspen Fiberboard SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS LA English DT Article DE Fiberboard; cold plasma; surface modification; wood particles; lignin AB Aspen fibers were plasma activated to enhance bonding between the particles and the adhesive for wood composites. The activation of materials was carried out by environmental-friendly dry plasma processing. After argon, oxygen or ammonia plasma treatments, the aspen fibers were analyzed by ESCA and FTIR. The fibers were used for designing fiberboards. Mechanical (MOR and MOE) and water swelling tests were conducted to evaluate the properties of aspen fiberboards. The results showed that ammonia and oxygen-plasma treatments of virgin and extracted aspen fiber samples have been the most successfully for surface modification and improving the strength of the fiberboards. C1 [Totolin, V.; Manolache, S.; Denes, F. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Plasma Aided Mfg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Rowell, R. M.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Totolin, V.; Rowell, R. M.; Denes, F. S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Totolin, V (reprint author), 1410 Engn Dr,Room 35, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM totolin1@wisc.edu; manolach@engr.wisc.edu; rmrowell@wisc.edu; denes@engr.wisc.edu RI Totolin, Vladimir/C-4767-2013 OI Totolin, Vladimir/0000-0002-4175-762X NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1544-0478 J9 J NAT FIBERS JI J. Nat. Fibers PY 2008 VL 5 IS 2 BP 170 EP 192 DI 10.1080/15440470801929671 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA V13KU UT WOS:000207666500006 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Jin, T Liu, CK Hicks, K Mohanty, AK Bhardwaj, R Misra, M AF Liu, LinShu Jin, Tony Liu, Cheng-Kung Hicks, Kevin Mohanty, Amar K. Bhardwaj, Rahul Misra, Manjusri TI A Preliminary Study on Antimicrobial Edible Films from Pectin and Other Food Hydrocolloids by Extrusion Method SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS LA English DT Article DE Pectin; antimicrobial; fiber; films; extrusion AB Antimicrobial edible films were prepared from natural fiber of pectin and other food hydrocolloids for food packaging or wrapping by extrusion followed by compression or blown film method. Microscopic analysis revealed a well-mixed integrated structure of extruded pellets and an even distribution of the synthetic hydrocolloid in the biopolymers. The resultant composite films possess mechanical properties that are comparable to films cast from most natural hydrocolloids that are consumed as foods or components in processed foods. The inclusion of poly(ethylene oxide) alters the textures of the resultant composite films and therefore demonstrates a new technique for the modification of film properties. The composite films were produced in mild processing conditions, thus the films are able to protect the bioactivity of the incorporated nisin, as shown by the inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes bacterial growth by a liquid incubation method. C1 [Liu, LinShu; Jin, Tony; Liu, Cheng-Kung; Hicks, Kevin] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Mohanty, Amar K.; Bhardwaj, Rahul] Michigan State Univ, Sch Packaging, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Misra, Manjusri] Michigan State Univ, Composite Mat & Struct Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Liu, LS (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM linshu.liu@ars.usda.gov; tony.jin@ars.usda.gov; chengkung.liu@ars.usda.gov; kevin.hicks@ars.usda.gov; amohanty@voguelph.ca; mmisra@voguelph.ca OI Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1544-0478 J9 J NAT FIBERS JI J. Nat. Fibers PY 2008 VL 5 IS 4 BP 366 EP 382 DI 10.1080/15440470802460643 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA V13MG UT WOS:000207670300005 ER PT J AU Reeves, JB Delwiche, SR AF Reeves, James B., III Delwiche, Stephen R. TI SAS (R) partial least squares for discriminant analysis SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE PLS; partial least squares; principal components; PCA; SAS (R); discriminant analysis ID SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS; REFLECTANCE SPECTRA; FORAGES AB The objective of this work was to implement discriminant analysis using SAS (R) partial least squares (PLS) regression for analysis of spectral data. This was done in combination with previous efforts, which implemented data pre-treatments including scatter correction, derivatives, mean centring and variance scaling for spectral analysis. Partial least squares analysis is imptemented in SAS (R) as type 2 where a solution for multiple analytes (Y-variabtes) is determined simultaneously, but cannot work with non-numeric analyte values. For discriminant analysis, samples belonging to one of Z classes are coded for Z anatytes with all but one (class to which sample belongs coded as 1) coded as being a 0. Thus, for four classes, all samples are coded with one of four analyte combinations (1,0,0,0; 0,1,0,0; 0,0,1,0; or 0,0,0,1). This paper discusses a SAS (R) program designed to perform classification/discriminant analysis using SAS (R) PLS, and to a smaller extent, principal component analysis and reduced rank regression. The authors' previously written SAS (R) macros for pre-treatment of spectral data are implemented. Examples are presented using two datasets: forages and by-products, and grains. The program allows for testing of multiple spectral pre-treatments in a one-step fashion with summary of all results. The macro coding for the program and test data sets is available at: http://www.impubtications.com/nir/page/software. Please note that the program will not work properly on Unix-based systems due to DOS calls. C1 [Reeves, James B., III] USDA, ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Delwiche, Stephen R.] USDA, ARS, Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Reeves, JB (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Bldg 306,BARC East, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM james.reeves@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 31 EP 38 DI 10.1255/jnirs.757 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 273RS UT WOS:000253950000003 ER PT J AU Via, BK So, CL Eckhard, LG Shupe, TF Groom, LH Stine, M AF Via, Brian K. So, Chi-Leung Eckhard, Lori G. Shupe, Todd F. Groom, Leslie H. Stine, Michael TI Response of near infrared diffuse reflectance spectra to blue stain and wood age SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE lignin; cellulose; biomass; feedstock; NIR; blue stain; Leptographium ID CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; SPECTROSCOPY; PREDICTION; LIGNIN AB We analysed 320 increment cores at 10 different growth ring positions for a net total of 2691 ring samples, at[ taken from breast height. The objective of this research was to (a) detect which wavelengths were sensitive to blue stain and (b) determine which wavelengths were sensitive to age when subjected to chemometric interpretation. It was found that wood chemistry-associated wavelengths 1115-1195 nm were most sensitive to blue stain while those at 1335-1415 nm and 1655-1685 nm were also influenced by blue stain, but to a lesser extent. When blue stained samples are not included in the calibration set, but blue stain then occurs in the field, bias in Lignin prediction may be more likely, since wavelengths associated with Lignin were more sensitive to blue stain. Alternatively, Lignin-associated wavelengths showed clear delineation in absorbance with age while the relationship between cellulose-associated wavelengths and age was apparent, but less clear. C1 [Via, Brian K.] Louisiana Pacific Technol Ctr, Franklin, TN USA. [So, Chi-Leung; Shupe, Todd F.; Stine, Michael] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [So, Chi-Leung; Groom, Leslie H.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Pineville, LA USA. [Eckhard, Lori G.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Via, BK (reprint author), Louisiana Pacific Technol Ctr, Franklin, TN USA. EM Brian.Via@lpcorp.com OI Via, Brian/0000-0003-2676-7376 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 71 EP 74 DI 10.1255/jnirs.756 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 273RS UT WOS:000253950000007 ER PT J AU Berhow, MA Rayford, WE Vaughn, SF Palmquist, D Tisserat, B AF Berhow, Mark A. Rayford, Warren E. Vaughn, Steven F. Palmquist, Debra Tisserat, Brent TI Quantification of rosmarinic acid levels by near infrared spectroscopy in laboratory culture grown spearmint plantlets SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE spearmint; mentha spicata; rosmarinic acid; near infrared spectroscopy; carbon dioxide; plant culture ID CELL-SUSPENSION-CULTURES; CARBON-DIOXIDE LEVELS; IN-VITRO; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ESSENTIAL OILS; COLEUS-BLUMEI; ROOT CULTURES; ACCUMULATION AB A method for the rapid quantification of rosmarinic acid (RA) in tissues of spearmint using near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was developed by correlating with the results of methanol extracts analysed on an HPLC photo-diode array (PDA) system. NIR and HPLC analyses performed on over 500 samples were used to develop an NIR analytical algorithm. Applying this algorithm resulted in very good calibration statistics for the prediction of RA concentrations in dried powdered samples prepared from the cultured mints (r(2)=0.90, SEP=3.1 RPD=2.6). NIR can be used to rapidly and accurately quantitate the Levels of this secondary metabolite in plant samples. High positive correlations occur between CO2 Levels and spearmint plantlet growth (fresh weight), morphogenetic responses (leaves, roots and shoots) and production of the secondary metabolite rosmarinic acid. C1 [Berhow, Mark A.; Rayford, Warren E.; Vaughn, Steven F.; Palmquist, Debra; Tisserat, Brent] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Berhow, MA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM mark.berhow@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2008 VL 16 IS 2 BP 99 EP 104 DI 10.1255/jnirs.769 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 305PK UT WOS:000256190100004 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM AF Ordovas, J. M. TI Genetic Variation, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Heart Disease SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1-2 BP 62 EP 62 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 493OD UT WOS:000269745900015 ER PT J AU Perez-Martinez, P Yiannakouris, N Lopez-Miranda, J Arnett, D Delgado-Lista, J Tsai, M Lopez-Segura, F Straka, R Delgado-Lista, J Garcia-Bailo, B Perez-Jimenez, F Ordovas, JM AF Perez-Martinez, P. Yiannakouris, N. Lopez-Miranda, J. Arnett, D. Delgado-Lista, J. Tsai, M. Lopez-Segura, F. Straka, R. Delgado-Lista, J. Garcia-Bailo, B. Perez-Jimenez, F. Ordovas, J. M. TI The Presence of Genetic Variation at the Perilipin Locus Modulates Postprandial Triglyceride Metabolism in Two Caucasian Populations SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Perez-Martinez, P.; Yiannakouris, N.; Garcia-Bailo, B.; Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Nutr & Genom Lab, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Perez-Martinez, P.; Lopez-Miranda, J.; Delgado-Lista, J.; Lopez-Segura, F.; Delgado-Lista, J.; Perez-Jimenez, F.] Univ Cordoba, Reina Sofia Univ Hosp, Lipids & Atherosclerosis Res Unit, Inst Salud Carlos III, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. [Yiannakouris, N.] Harokopio Univ Athens, Dept Nutr & Dietet, Athens, Greece. [Arnett, D.] Univ Alabama, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tsai, M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Straka, R.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Expt & Clin Pharmacol, Minneapolis, MN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2008 VL 1 IS 1-2 BP 84 EP 84 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 493OD UT WOS:000269745900063 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM AF Ordovas, J. M. TI Dietary Control of CVD Depending on Genotype SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2008 VL 1 IS 4 BP 185 EP 186 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 494FE UT WOS:000269794800022 ER PT J AU Joseph, JA Shukitt-Hale, B Lau, F Cheng, V Bielinski, D Usda, DF AF Joseph, J. A. Shukitt-Hale, B. Lau, F. Cheng, V. Bielinski, D. Usda, D. Fisher TI 'Berrying' the Aged Brain SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Joseph, J. A.; Shukitt-Hale, B.; Lau, F.; Cheng, V.; Bielinski, D.; Usda, D. Fisher] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2008 VL 1 IS 4 BP 190 EP 191 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 494FE UT WOS:000269794800035 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM AF Ordovas, J. M. TI Postprandial Lipemia and Cardiovascular Disease Risk: A GOLDN Opportunity SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, JM USDA HNRCA, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2008 VL 1 IS 6 BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 494FG UT WOS:000269795000014 ER PT J AU Lichtenstein, AH Rasmussen, H Yu, WW Epstein, SR Russell, RM AF Lichtenstein, Alice H. Rasmussen, Helen Yu, Winifred W. Epstein, Susanna R. Russell, Robert M. TI Modified MyPyramid for older adults SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID MULTIVITAMIN-MULTIMINERAL SUPPLEMENTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; UNITED-STATES; VITAMIN-D; CARDIOVASCULAR HEALTH; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION AB In 1999 we proposed a Modified Food Guide Pyramid for adults aged 70+ y. It has been extensively used in a variety of settings and formats to highlight the unique dietary challenges of older adults. We now propose a Modified My Pyramid for Older Adults in a format consistent with the MyPyramid graphic. It is not intended to substitute for MyPyramid, which is a multifunctional Internet-based program allowing for the calculation of individualized food-based dietary guidance and providing supplemental information on food choices and preparation. Pedagogic issues related to computer availability, Web access, and Internet literacy of older adults suggests a graphic version of MyPyramid is needed. Emphasized are whole grains and variety within the grains group; variety and nutrient density, with specific emphasis on different forms particularly suited to older adults' needs (e.g. frozen) in the vegetables and fruits groups; low-fat and non-fat forms of dairy products including reduced lactose alternatives in the milk group; low saturated fat and traps fat choices in the oils group; and low saturated fat and vegetable choices in the meat and beans group. Underlying themes stress nutrient-and fiber-rich foods within each group and food sources of nutrients rather than supplements. Fluid and physical activity icons serve as the foundation of MyPyramid for Older Adults. A flag to maintain an awareness of the potential need to consider supplemental forms of calcium, and vitamins D and B-12 is placed at the top of the pyramid. Discussed are newer concerns about potential overnutrition in the current food landscape available to older adults. C1 [Lichtenstein, Alice H.; Rasmussen, Helen; Yu, Winifred W.; Epstein, Susanna R.; Russell, Robert M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Lichtenstein, AH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM alice.lichtenstein@tufts.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32 HL069772] NR 86 TC 33 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 138 IS 1 BP 5 EP 11 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 249LP UT WOS:000252230200002 PM 18156396 ER PT J AU Kelley, DS Siegel, D Vemuri, M Chung, GH Mackeyz, BE AF Kelley, Darshan S. Siegel, David Vemuri, Madhuri Chung, Gloria H. Mackeyz, Bruce E. TI Docosahexaenoic acid supplementation decreases remnant-like particle-cholesterol and increases the (n-3) index in hypertriglyceridemic men SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID PURIFIED EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; TYPE-2 DIABETIC-PATIENTS; FATTY-ACIDS; HEART-DISEASE; RICH OIL; PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LIPID RESPONSES; OMEGA-3 INDEX AB Plasma remnant-like particle-cholesterol (RLP-C) and the RBC (n-3) index are novel risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Effects of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation on these risk factors in hypertriglyceridemic men have not been studied. We determined effects of DHA supplementation on concentrations of plasma RLP-C, the RBC (n-3) index, and associations between concentrations of plasma RLP-C with those of plasma lipids and fatty acids. Hypertriglyceridemic men aged 39-66 y, participated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel study. They received no supplements for 8 d and then received either 7.5 g/d DHA oil (3 g DHA/d) or olive oil (placebo) for the last 90 d. Fasting blood samples were collected on study d -7, 0 (baseline), 45 (mid-intervention), 84, and 91 (end-intervention). DNA supplementation for 45 d decreased (P < 0.05) fasting RLP-C (36%) and increased plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA):arachidonic acid (AA) (100%) and the RBC (n-3) index (109%). Continued supplementation with DHA between d 45 and 91 further increased the RBC (n-3) index (162%) and plasma EPA:AA (137%) compared with baseline values. RLP-C concentration was positively associated (P< 0.01) with the plasma concentrations of triacylglycerols (Kendall's correlation coefficient or r= 0.46), triacylglycerol: HDLcholesterol (HDL-C) (r=0.44), total cholesteroI:HDL-C (r=0.26), Apo B (r=0.22), C III (r=0.41), and E (r=0.17), and 18:1(n-9) (r= 0.32); it was negatively associated IP< 0.05) with plasma concentrations of DHA (r= -0.32), EPA (r= -0.25), HDL-C (r= -0.21), LDL cholesterol:Apo B r= =0.30), and HDL-C Apo A (r= -0.25). Supplementation with placebo oil did not alter any of the response variables tested. Decreased atherogenic RLP-C and increased cardio-protective (n-3) index may improve cardio-vascular health. C1 [Kelley, Darshan S.; Vemuri, Madhuri] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Kelley, Darshan S.; Vemuri, Madhuri] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Siegel, David] Veterans Affairs N Calif Hlth Care Syst, Sacramento, CA 95655 USA. [Siegel, David] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Internal Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chung, Gloria H.] Martek Biosci Corp, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. [Mackeyz, Bruce E.] USDA, ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kelley, DS (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Agr Res Serv, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM darshan.kelley@ars.usda.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR024146] NR 47 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 138 IS 1 BP 30 EP 35 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 249LP UT WOS:000252230200006 PM 18156400 ER PT J AU Arsenault, JE de Romana, DL Penny, ME Van Loan, MD Brown, KH AF Arsenault, Joanne E. de Romana, Daniel Lopez Penny, Mary E. Van Loan, Marta D. Brown, Kenneth H. TI Additional zinc delivered in a liquid supplement, but not in a fortified porridge, increased fat-free mass accrual among young Peruvian children with mild-to-moderate stunting SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID BODY-COMPOSITION; INTERVENTION TRIAL; GROWTH; INFANTS; MORBIDITY; PLASMA; LIFE; FOOD; AGE AB The exact mechanism whereby zinc influences growth is unknown, although it has been postulated that zinc may stimulate appetite and energy intake or enhance fat-free mass (FFM) accrual directly. We compared energy intake, reported appetite, and body composition of 6-to 8-mo-old Peruvian children with initial length-for-age Z-score (LAZ) < -0.5 SD who were randomly assigned to receive daily for 6 mo: 1) 3 mg/d zinc in a liquid supplement; 2) 3 mg/d zinc in a fortified porridge; or 3) no extra zinc in either the supplement or porridge. There were no group-wise differences in changes in dietary energy intakes or body composition or in the prevalence of reported poor appetite. However, among children with an initial LAZ less than the median (-1.1 SD), those who received zinc as a liquid supplement had a 0.41 kg greater increase in FFM than those who did not receive zinc (P < 0.05). We concluded that daily provision of 3 mg of supplemental zinc did not affect energy intake or reported appetite. Among children with initial mild-to-moderate stunting, those who received the zinc supplement had a greater increase in FFM than those who did not receive additional zinc. It is possible that the growth-restricted children were more likely to be zinc deficient and that FFM accrual may be an early growth response to supplemental zinc. Zinc supplements may be more efficacious than the same dose of zinc provided in fortified food; therefore, further research is needed on the optimal level of zinc fortification that will result in improved health outcomes in populations with high rates of zinc deficiency. C1 [Arsenault, Joanne E.; Van Loan, Marta D.; Brown, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Arsenault, Joanne E.; Van Loan, Marta D.; Brown, Kenneth H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [de Romana, Daniel Lopez; Penny, Mary E.] Inst Invest Nutr, Lima, Peru. [Van Loan, Marta D.] USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Brown, KH (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Program Int & Community Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM khbrown@ucdavis.edu NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 138 IS 1 BP 108 EP 114 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 249LP UT WOS:000252230200018 PM 18156412 ER PT J AU Zeng, HW Combs, GF AF Zeng, Huawei Combs, Gerald F., Jr. TI Selenium as an anticancer nutrient: roles in cell proliferation and tumor cell invasion SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Review DE selenium; cell proliferation; cancer; invasion ID PROSTATE-CANCER CELLS; CASPASE-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS; SE-METHYLSELENOCYSTEINE; METHYLSELENINIC ACID; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SODIUM SELENITE; REDOX MECHANISM; STRAND BREAKS; IN-VITRO AB Selenium is an essential dietary component for animals including humans, and there is increasing evidence for the efficacy of certain forms of selenium as cancer-chemopreventive compounds. In addition, selenium appears to have a protective effect at various stages of carcinogenesis including both the early and later stages of cancer progression. Mechanisms for selenium-anticancer action are not fully understood; however, several have been proposed: antioxidant protection, enhanced carcinogen detoxification, enhanced immune surveillance, modulation of cell proliferation (cell cycle and apoptosis), inhibition of tumor cell invasion and inhibition of angiogenesis. Research has shown that the effectiveness of selenium compounds as chemopreventive agents in vivo correlates with their abilities to affect the regulation of the cell cycle, to stimulate apoptosis and to inhibit tumor cell migration and invasion in vitro. This article reviews the status of knowledge concerning selenium metabolism and its anticancer effects with particular reference to the modulation of cell proliferation and the inhibition of tumor cell invasion. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zeng, Huawei; Combs, Gerald F., Jr.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Zeng, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, POB 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM hzeng@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov NR 77 TC 194 Z9 200 U1 2 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 EI 1873-4847 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 19 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.02.005 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 247LK UT WOS:000252080500001 PM 17588734 ER PT J AU Lopez, JD Hoffmann, WC Latheef, MA Fritz, BK Martin, DE Lan, Y AF Lopez, J. D., Jr. Hoffmann, W. C. Latheef, M. A. Fritz, B. K. Martin, D. E. Lan, Y. TI Adult vial bioassays of insecticidal toxicity against cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus SO JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Pseudatomoscelis seriatus; cotton fleahopper; technical insecticida; insecticide toxicity; adult vial technique ID MIRIDAE; HETEROPTERA AB Glass vials coated with several technical insecticides were used to determine the contact toxicitv of insecticides on adult laboratory-reared and field-collected cotton fleahopper, Pseudatomoscelis seriatus (Reuter). For the 17 insecticides evaluated for laboratory-reared cotton fieahoppers, bifenthrin (pyrethroid), dicrotophos (organophosphate). thiamethoxam (neonicotinoid), and methomyl (carbamate) were the most toxic insecticides in their respective insecticidal classes based on LC50 values. There were significant differences between the LC50 values for the insecticides tested within each of the four insecticidal classes. There were 13-. 46-. 58-. and 31-fold differences between LC50 values for the insecticides within the pyrethroid, organophosphate, neonicotinoid and carbarmate classes, respectively. Among fleahoppers collected from horsemint in May/June, adult vial testing showed increased Susceptibility in males versus females. This difference can be attributed at cast in part, to differences in insect weights between the males and females since the females weighed significantly more than the males. Data presented herein provide a measure of acute potency of various insecticides against P seriatus and serve as a measure of inherent relative differences between the insecticides. Baseline data will be useful for future comparison should suspicion of tolerance to these insecticides develop in field populations. These data are also important in comparing results from laboratory and field studies with cotton fleahoppers. C1 [Lopez, J. D., Jr.; Hoffmann, W. C.; Latheef, M. A.; Fritz, B. K.; Martin, D. E.; Lan, Y.] USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Hoffmann, WC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM clint.hoffmann@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU PESTICIDE SCI SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA TOKYO UNIV AGR DEPT OF AGR CHEM, TOKYO, 156, JAPAN SN 1348-589X J9 J PESTIC SCI JI J. Pestic. Sci. PY 2008 VL 33 IS 3 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1584/jpestics.G07-33 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 359ZI UT WOS:000260026400006 ER PT J AU Bedimo-Rung, AL Thomson, JL Mowen, AJ Gustat, J Tompkins, BJ Strikmiller, PK Sothern, MS AF Bedimo-Rung, Ariane L. Thomson, Jessica L. Mowen, Andrew J. Gustat, Jeanette Tompkins, Bradley J. Strikmiller, Patricia K. Sothern, Melinda S. TI The Condition of Neighborhood Parks Following Hurricane Katrina: Development of a Post-Hurricane Assessment Instrument SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE physical activity; built environment; natural disaster; measurement tool; playgrounds AB Background: Parks provide environments for physical activity, yet little is known about how natural disasters affect them or how these disasters alter physical activity. Our objectives were to (1) describe the development of an instrument to assess park conditions following a hurricane and (2) document the conditions of New Orleans' parks 3 and 6 months after Hurricane Katrina. Methods: A Post-Hurricane Assessment (PHA) instrument was developed and implemented in 54 parks 3 and 6 months post-hurricane. Results: Summary scores of the Park Damage Index and the Neighborhood Damage Index showed improvement between 3 and 6 months of data collection. Parks and neighborhoods most affected by the hurricane were located in the most-and least-affluent areas of the city. Conclusion: The PHA proved to be a promising tool for assessing park conditions in a timely manner following a natural disaster and allowed for the creation of summary damage scores to correlate to community changes. C1 [Bedimo-Rung, Ariane L.; Thomson, Jessica L.; Sothern, Melinda S.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70122 USA. [Thomson, Jessica L.] USDA ARS, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Mowen, Andrew J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Recreat Pk & Tourism Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Gustat, Jeanette; Strikmiller, Patricia K.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Bedimo-Rung, AL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70122 USA. FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [5 K01 DP000088-02] NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD JAN PY 2008 VL 5 IS 1 BP 45 EP 57 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V18OW UT WOS:000208015100005 PM 18209253 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, MAQ da Silva, JO Aitken, WM Machado, RCR Baligar, VC AF Ribeiro, M. A. Q. da Silva, J. O. Aitken, W. M. Machado, R. C. R. Baligar, V. C. TI Nitrogen use efficiency in cacao genotypes SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Theobroma cacao L; N uptake efficiency; N-use efficiency of carbohydrate Stem girth ID PLANTS; WHEAT AB Cacao (Theobroma cacao L) is mostly grown on soils with low natural fertility. On such soils nitrogen (N) is one of the most yield limiting nutrients for cacao. Information is lacking on N use efficiency in cacao. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate growth response and N use efficiency by two cacao genotypes. The genotypes used were TSH-565 and ICS-9 and N rates adapted were 0, 120, 240, 360, and 480 mg N /pot. In both genotypes, increasing levels of applied N improved growth (stem girth, dry weight of shoot and roots and shoot/root ratio), and concentration and uptake of N. Genotypes differed significantly for stem girth and ICS -9 produced greater stem girth compared with TSH-565. Nitrogen uptake had a linear relationship with root dry weight of the two genotypes. In both genotypes, increasing levels of applied N overall increased N-uptake efficiency (NEFF = N concentration in shoot x shoot/root), but decreased N-use efficiency by shoot and roots (NUE = g dry matter of shoot or root/mg N) and N-use efficiency of carbohydrate (NUEC = mg of total carbohydrates in shoot/mg of N in shoot). Both genotypes responded differently to applied N, despite the existence of close genetic relatedness between them. The method used here appears to be suitable method for identification of cacao genotypes that are efficient in uptake and utilization of N. C1 [Baligar, V. C.] USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crop Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ribeiro, M. A. Q.] Cepec Ceplac, Dept Physiol, Itabuna, Bahia, Brazil. [Aitken, W. M.; Machado, R. C. R.] Almirante Ctr Study Cacao, Itajuipe, Bahia, Brazil. RP Baligar, VC (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sustainable Perennial Crop Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM vbaligar@asrr.arsusda.gov NR 21 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 2 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1080/01904160701853720 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 261RC UT WOS:000253096700005 ER PT J AU Naegle, E Kwanyuen, P Burton, J Carter, T Rufty, T AF Naegle, Erin Kwanyuen, Prachuab Burton, Joseph Carter, Thomas Rufty, Thomas TI Seed nitrogen mobilization in soybean: Effects of seed nitrogen content and external nitrogen fertility SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE seed nitrogen release; seed nitrogen transport; soybean; storage protein degradation ID BETA-CONGLYCININ; STORAGE PROTEINS; GROWTH; PLANTS; GERMINATION; GLYCININ; REPRODUCTION; POLYPEPTIDES; ABILITY; YIELD AB Soybean breeding programs have developed genetic lines with relatively low seed protein, which could negatively impact early seedling growth in low fertility conditions commonly encountered in the field. In these experiments, seed protein mobilization and its regulation in situ in soybean lines with different seed protein levels was investigated. The results showed that rates of nitrogen (N) release from cotyledons were much lower with decreasing levels of N in seed. Patterns of proteolysis of the storage proteins glycinin and beta-conglycinin and their subunits were not different, but breakdown rates were slower. Seed N release rates increased somewhat when external N was supplied to roots of the developing seedlings, suggesting the involvement of source/sink controls. The effect appeared to be down-stream from proteolysis, as rates of protein breakdown were not altered. The results indicate that low seed protein levels will lead to reduced seedling fitness in low fertility soil conditions unless fertilizer N is applied. C1 [Naegle, Erin; Rufty, Thomas] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kwanyuen, Prachuab; Burton, Joseph; Carter, Thomas] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Rufty, T (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tom_rufty@ncsu.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 2 BP 367 EP 379 DI 10.1080/01904160801894921 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 261RC UT WOS:000253096700013 ER PT J AU Prior, SA Runion, GB Rogers, HH Torbert, HA AF Prior, Stephen A. Runion, G. Brett Rogers, Hugo H. Torbert, H. Allen TI Effects of atmospheric CO2 enrichment on crop nutrient dynamics under no-till conditions SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE elevated CO2; conservation tillage; soybean; sorghum; macronutrients; micronutrients ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; PLANT-RESPONSES; SYSTEM; COTTON; ROOTS AB Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration could increase crop productivity and alter crop nutrient dynamics. This study was conducted (3 yrs) with two crops ([Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.]) grown under two CO2 levels (ambient and twice ambient) using open top field chambers on a Blanton loamy sand under no-tillage. Macronutrient and micronutrient concentrations and contents were determined for grain, stover, and roots. Although elevated CO2 tended to reduce nutrient concentrations, high CO2 consistently increased nutrient content especially in grain tissue; this response pattern was more notable with macronutrients. The CO2 effect was observed primarily in soybean. The consistent CO2-induced increases in grain macronutrient contents favors reliable predictions of system outputs, however, predictions of crop nutrient inputs (i.e., stover and root contents) to the soil are less robust due to observed variability. Again, this is particularly true in regards to micronutrient dynamics in CO2-enriched cropping systems. C1 [Prior, Stephen A.; Runion, G. Brett; Rogers, Hugo H.; Torbert, H. Allen] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. RP Prior, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM steve.prior@ars.usda.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 4 BP 758 EP 773 DI 10.1080/01904160801928364 PG 16 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 320AL UT WOS:000257206000010 ER PT J AU Valdez-Aguilar, LA Reed, DW AF Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A. Reed, David Wm. TI Influence of potassium substitution by rubidium and sodium on growth, ion accumulation, and ion partitioning in bean under high alkalinity SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE bicarbonate; Fe deficiency; nutrient balance; plant growth; water quality ID BURLEY TOBACCO SEEDLINGS; SUGAR BEET PLANTS; CHLOROSIS PARADOX; CALCAREOUS SOIL; NUTRIENT-UPTAKE; IRON CHLOROSIS; BICARBONATE; ROOTS; RICE; NUTRITION AB The effects of partial and complete substitution of potassium (K+) by rubidium (Rb+) and sodium (Na+) on plant growth and ion accumulation and partitioning was studied in bean young plants cultivated in nutrient solution with or without bicarbonate (HCO3-)-induced alkalinity. Plant growth was significantly decreased due to alkalinity and the substitution of K+, being leaves more affected than roots. Rubidium caused a severe toxicity reflected in a reduction in root dry mass and total chlorophyll concentration. Ion partitioning was markedly altered by alkalinity. Content of nitrogen (N), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), K, and Na were more accumulated in the roots in HCO3--treated plants, while decreased in the shoot. Iron (Fe) was accumulated at similar extent in plants with and without high alkalinity, except in plants grown in Rb+ solutions. However, Fe was more accumulated in the roots, suggesting that chlorophyll synthesis was impaired by reduced translocation or internal inactivation of Fe. Zinc total uptake was severely reduced under high alkalinity in plants grown in Na+ solutions, maybe due to decreased Zn activity. Calcium was translocated more actively to the leaves and Mg was accumulated more in the roots of plants in Na+solutions. Despite the severe decrease in plant dry mass caused by Rb+, there was a higher translocation of N, phosphorus (P), Ca, Mg, Fe, zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), and manganese (Mn) from the roots to the leaves. C1 [Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A.; Reed, David Wm.] USDA, United States Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Valdez-Aguilar, LA (reprint author), USDA, United States Salin Lab, 452 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM lvaldez@ussl.ars.usda.gov RI Valdez-Aguilar, Luis/A-6668-2009; OI Valdez-Aguilar, Luis A./0000-0002-2510-1962 NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 5 BP 867 EP 883 DI 10.1080/01904160802043213 PG 17 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 298KY UT WOS:000255687800006 ER PT J AU Fageria, NK Baligar, VC Li, YC AF Fageria, N. K. Baligar, V. C. Li, Y. C. TI The role of nutrient efficient plants in improving crop yields in the twenty first century SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE abiotic and biotic stress; crop species; grain yield; nutrient use efficiency; root geometry ID NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY; PHOSPHORUS-USE EFFICIENCY; POTASSIUM-USE EFFICIENCY; UPLAND RICE GENOTYPES; SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT; GRAIN-YIELD; PHOSPHATE ABSORPTION; PHYSIOLOGICAL-CHANGES; ROOT ARCHITECTURE AB In the 21st century, nutrient efficient plants will play a major role in increasing crop yields compared to the 20th century, mainly due to limited land and water resources available for crop production, higher cost of inorganic fertilizer inputs, declining trends in crop yields globally, and increasing environmental concerns. Furthermore, at least 60% of the world's arable lands have mineral deficiencies or elemental toxicity problems, and on such soils fertilizers and lime amendments are essential for achieving improved crop yields. Fertilizer inputs are increasing cost of production of farmers, and there is a major concern for environmental pollution due to excess fertilizer inputs. Higher demands for food and fiber by increasing world populations further enhance the importance of nutrient efficient cultivars that are also higher producers. Nutrient efficient plants are defined as those plants, which produce higher yields per unit of nutrient, applied or absorbed than other plants (standards) under similar agroecological conditions. During the last three decades, much research has been conducted to identify and/or breed nutrient efficient plant species or genotypes/cultivars within species and to further understand the mechanisms of nutrient efficiency in crop plants. However, success in releasing nutrient efficient cultivars has been limited. The main reasons for limited success are that the genetics of plant responses to nutrients and plant interactions with environmental variables are not well understood. Complexity of genes involved in nutrient use efficiency for macro and micronutrients and limited collaborative efforts between breeders, soil scientists, physiologists, and agronomists to evaluate nutrient efficiency issues on a holistic basis have hampered progress in this area. Hence, during the 21st century agricultural scientists have tremendous challenges, as well as opportunities, to develop nutrient efficient crop plants and to develop best management practices that increase the plant efficiency for utilization of applied fertilizers. During the 20th century, breeding for nutritional traits has been proposed as a strategy to improve the efficiency of fertilizer use or to obtain higher yields in low input agricultural systems. This strategy should continue to receive top priority during the 21st century for developing nutrient efficient crop genotypes. This paper over views the importance of nutrient efficient plants in increasing crop yields in modern agriculture. Further, definitions and available methods of calculating nutrient use efficiency, mechanisms for nutrient uptake and use efficiency, role of crops in nutrient use efficiency under biotic and abiotic stresses and breeding strategies to improve nutrient use efficiency in crop plants have been discussed. C1 [Fageria, N. K.] Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr EMBRAPA, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio De Goias, GO, Brazil. [Baligar, V. C.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Perennial Crops Res Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Li, Y. C.] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Res & Educ Ctr, Homestead, FL USA. RP Fageria, NK (reprint author), Natl Rice & Bean Res Ctr EMBRAPA, Caixa Postal 179, BR-75375000 Santo Antonio De Goias, GO, Brazil. EM fageria@cnpaf.embrapa.br NR 148 TC 102 Z9 109 U1 14 U2 144 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2008 VL 31 IS 6 BP 1121 EP 1157 DI 10.1080/01904160802116068 PG 37 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 318II UT WOS:000257084400010 ER PT J AU Jain, M Chourey, PS Li, QB Pring, DR AF Jain, Mukesh Chourey, Prem S. Li, Qin-Bao Pring, Daryl R. TI Expression of cell wall invertase and several other genes of sugar metabolism in relation to seed development in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE caryopsis development; cell wall invertase; sugar-to-starch transition; sugar unloading ID SUCROSE-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE; ORYZA-SATIVA L.; DEVELOPING ENDOSPERM; MOLECULAR-CLONING; FILIAL TISSUES; MALE-STERILE; MAIZE; CARYOPSES; VACUOLAR; PLANTS AB We report expression profiles of several genes of carbohydrate metabolism, cell wall invertase (CWI) in particular, to better understand sugar transport and its utilization in developing caryopses of grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Gene expression analyses for CWI using RNA get blot and real-time quantitative PCR approaches on developing caryopses, including the glumes (maternal tissue appended to the seeds), showed expression of Sblncw (Zmlncw2 ortholog) primarily in the basal. sugar unloading zone of endosperm. The expression of Zmlncw1 ortholog was significantly less abundant and restricted to the glumes. The protein and enzyme activity data corroborated the temporal transcript expression profile that showed maximal. CWI protein (INCW) expression preceding the starch-filling phase of endosperm development, i.e. 6-12 d-after-pollination (DAP). Protein get blot analysis using polyclonal maize INCW1 antibodies showed a single polypeptide of 72 kDa. The highest Level. of enzyme activity was unique to the basal part of the endosperm, in particular the basal endosperm transfer cell (BETC) Layer and the maternal pedicel region that were highly enriched for the INCW protein, as seen by immunolocalization. High hexose-to-sucrose ratio in 6-12 DAP seeds, and negligible starch deposition in glumes corroborated the CWI activity data. Additionally, we report transcription profiles of several other genes related to sugar-to-starch metabolism in developing sorghum endosperm. As in maize, the INCW-mediated apoplastic cleavage of sucrose in the BETC and pedicel during the early developmental stages of caryopses is essential for the normal development of filial tissues. The unique cell-specificity of the INCW protein to both proximal and distal ends of placental sac shown here for the first time is likely to greatly increase uptakes of both hexose sugars and water through turgor sensing into developing seed. This trait is unique to sorghum among cereals and may facilitate its survival in drought environment. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Jain, Mukesh; Chourey, Prem S.; Li, Qin-Bao; Pring, Daryl R.] Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jain, Mukesh; Chourey, Prem S.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Chourey, Prem S.; Li, Qin-Bao; Pring, Daryl R.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, Chem Res Unit, CMAVE, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. RP Chourey, PS (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Plant Pathol, USDA ARS, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pschourey@ifas.ufl.edu NR 41 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2008 VL 165 IS 3 BP 331 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2006.12.003 PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 267CI UT WOS:000253485800010 PM 17293002 ER PT J AU Klotz, KL Haagenson, DM AF Klotz, Karen L. Haagenson, Darrin M. TI Wounding, anoxia and cold induce sugarbeet sucrose synthase transcriptional changes that are unrelated to protein expression and activity SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anoxia; Beta vulgaris; cold; sucrose synthase; wounding ID TISSUE-SPECIFIC EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC POTATO PLANTS; DAUCUS-CAROTA L.; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; GENES; STRESS; MAIZE; ANAEROBIOSIS; WHEAT; TRANSLATION AB Wounding, anoxia, and cold are often encountered during crop production and postharvest storage of plant products. Although the effect of these stresses on the expression of sucrose synthase, a key enzyme in the carbon metabolism of many storage organs, has been investigated in several starch-accumulating plant organs, little information on their effect on sucrose synthase expression in sucrose-storing organs is available. To determine the effect of wounding, anoxia and cold on a sucrose-storing organ, sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) roots were wounded, subjected to anoxic conditions, or exposed to cold temperatures, and transcript and protein levels for the organ's two sucrose synthase genes (SBSS1 and SBSS2) and sucrose synthase enzyme activity were determined during 24h and 7d time course experiments. Wounding, anoxia and cold were associated with several-fold changes in sucrose synthase transcript Levels. SBSS1 transcript levels were elevated in wounded, anoxic and cold-treated roots; SBSS2 transcript levels were elevated in response to wounding, cold, and short exposures (3-12 h) to anoxic conditions and reduced in roots exposed to anoxic conditions for more than 24 h. SBSS1 and SBSS2 protein Levels, however, exhibited Little change in stressed roots, even after 7d. Enzyme activity was also relatively unchanged in stressed roots, except for small activity differences of 1-2d duration that were unrelated to transcriptional changes. The disparity between transcript levels, protein abundance and enzyme activity indicate that SBSS1 and SBSS2 expression in response to wounding, anoxia and cold may be regulated by post-transcriptional mechanisms. The unresponsiveness of sucrose synthase protein levels or enzyme activity to wounding, anoxia and cold questions the importance of this enzyme to stress responses in sugarbeet root. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Klotz, Karen L.; Haagenson, Darrin M.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Klotz, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM klotzk@fargo.ars.usda.gov OI Fugate, Karen/0000-0001-9543-6832 NR 37 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2008 VL 165 IS 4 BP 423 EP 434 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.02.001 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 278PI UT WOS:000254298400008 PM 17395334 ER PT J AU Mozoruk, J Hunnicutt, LE Hunter, WB Bausher, MG AF Mozoruk, Jerry Hunnicutt, Laura E. Hunter, Wayne B. Bausher, Michael G. TI CsV03-3 is a member of a novel gene family from citrus that encodes a protein with DNA binding activity and whose expression is responsive to defense signals and abiotic stress SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citrus; defense signaling; jasmonic acid; nucleic acid binding; salicylic acid ID JASMONIC ACID; PLANT DEFENSE; DISEASE RESISTANCE; SALICYLIC-ACID; TOMATO LEAVES; ABSCISIC-ACID; ARABIDOPSIS; PATHWAYS; SELECTION; REVEALS AB We have identified a novel gene designated CsV03-3 from Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck that encodes a 50 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 5.4 kDa and a pl of 3.7. CsV03-3 expression is up-regulated by application of methyl. jasmonate, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid as well as by abiotic stress and insect herbivory. CsV03-3 belongs to a small gene family consisting of at least three other closely related members (CsV03-1, CsV03-2, and CsV03-4) whose expression is also responsive to phytohormone application and abiotic stress. Sequence similarity searches of the public databases were unsuccessful in finding sequence homologs to CsV03-3 or any CsV03 family member; however, structural prediction models coupled with model comparison to Protein Data Bank folds indicated that the predicted polypeptide encoded by CsV03-3 has structural similarity to proteins with nucleic acid binding activity. Get mobility shift assays performed on recombinant CsV03-3 protein demonstrated active binding with dsDNA and, to a lesser extent, ssDNA. Based on the phytohormone-inducible expression patterns, the ability to bind nucleic acids, and the lack of significant sequence homology to public databases, we propose that CsV03-3 and its related homologs defines a new class of nucleic acid binding proteins that are responsive to defense and stress signaling in woody perennials. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Mozoruk, Jerry; Bausher, Michael G.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Hort & Breeding Res Unit, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Mozoruk, Jerry; Hunnicutt, Laura E.] Univ Florida, Indian River Res & Educ Ctr, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. [Hunnicutt, Laura E.; Hunter, Wayne B.] USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Subtrop Insects Res Unit, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Bausher, MG (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Hort Res Lab, Hort & Breeding Res Unit, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM mbausher@ushrL.ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2008 VL 165 IS 5 BP 531 EP 543 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.01.009 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 287VH UT WOS:000254944100007 PM 17482713 ER PT J AU Dombrowski, JE Baldwin, JC Martin, RC AF Dombrowski, James E. Baldwin, James C. Martin, Ruth C. TI Cloning and characterization of a salt stress-inducible small GTPase gene from the model grass species Lolium temulentum SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE COR413; dehydration stress; GTPase; Lalium temulentum; salt stress ID BINDING PROTEIN; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; PROLINE BIOSYNTHESIS; VESICLE TRAFFICKING; PERENNIAL RYEGRASS; RAB FAMILY; EXPRESSION ANALYSIS; FESTUCA-PRATENSIS; CDNA MICROARRAY; OSMOTIC-STRESS AB to the Rab2 gene family of GTPases was identified during the analysis of a salt stress suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) expression library from the model grass species Lalium temulentum L. (Darnet ryegrass). The smGTP gene was found to have a low-level constitutive expression and was strongly induced by salt stress in root, crown and leaf tissues. The expression pattern of the smGTP gene was compared against two additional stress genes identified in the SSH expression library, the well-characterized dehydration stress tolerance gene, delta 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) encoding for a key enzyme in proline biosynthesis, and the cold response gene COR413. The genes were analyzed for their response to salinity as well as their responses to 7 different forms of abiotic stress in L. temulentum plants. The smGTP gene displayed an expression pattern similar to the P5CS gene, suggesting a rote in dehydration stress. In contrast, the COR413 gene was found to be up-regulated in response to all stresses tested and has utility as a general stress marker in grass plants. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Dombrowski, James E.; Martin, Ruth C.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Baldwin, James C.] USDA ARS, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Dombrowski, JE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Forage Seed Prod Res Ctr, 3450 SW Campus Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dombrowj@onid.orst.edu NR 56 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2008 VL 165 IS 6 BP 651 EP 661 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.06.003 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 293KX UT WOS:000255335300009 PM 17707946 ER PT J AU Platisa, J Veljovic-Jovanovic, S Kukavica, B Vinterhalter, B Smigocki, A Ninkovic, S AF Platisa, Jelena Veljovic-Jovanovic, Sonja Kukavica, Biljana Vinterhalter, Branka Smigocki, Ann Ninkovic, Slavica TI Induction of peroxidases and superoxide dismutases in transformed embryogenic calli of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; embryogenic culture; peroxidase; superoxide dismutase; transformation ID TRANSGENIC TOBACCO PLANTS; ORYZACYSTATIN-I; TISSUE CULTURES; GROWTH; EXPRESSION; STRESS; GENE AB Peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities were analyzed in non-regenerative transformed embryogenic lines of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) carrying wound-inducible oryzacystatin I (OC-I), wound-inducible oryzacystatin I antisense (OC-las), or hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) genes. All of the transformed lines analyzed had elevated levels of all POD isoforms. Three POD isoforms with p/ values of approximately 4.5, 4.8, and 8.4, and one additional pair of isoforms with a p/ value of approximately 8.8 were separated from tissue extracts of all transgenic lines. Isoelectrofocusing, patterns revealed the induction of one isoform of SOD with a p/ of about 5.6 in all transgenic lines compared with non-transformed embryogenic tissue. These results indicate that the process of transformation may disrupt redox homeostasis in alflalfa tissues. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Vinterhalter, Branka; Ninkovic, Slavica] Inst Biol Res S Stankov, Belgrade 11060, Serbia. [Platisa, Jelena; Veljovic-Jovanovic, Sonja; Kukavica, Biljana] Univ Belgrade, Ctr Multidisciplinary Studies, Belgrade 11030, Serbia. [Smigocki, Ann] USDA ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Ninkovic, S (reprint author), Inst Biol Res S Stankov, Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade 11060, Serbia. EM slavica@ibiss.bg.ac.yu NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2008 VL 165 IS 8 BP 895 EP 900 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.07.021 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 310KH UT WOS:000256527300012 PM 17997193 ER PT J AU Klotz, KL Finger, FL Anderson, MD AF Klotz, Karen L. Finger, Fernando L. Anderson, Marc D. TI Respiration in postharvest sugarbeet roots is not limited by respiratory capacity or adenylates SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Alternative oxidase; Beta vulgaris; Cytochrome c oxidase; Postharvest storage; Respiration ID GROWING POTATO-TUBERS; LOW INTERNAL OXYGEN; ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE; ADENINE-NUCLEOTIDES; ELECTRON-TRANSPORT; PLANT-MITOCHONDRIA; COLD STRESS; SHORT-TERM; LEAVES; TEMPERATURE AB Control of respiration has largely been studied with growing and/or photosynthetic tissues or organs, but has rarely been examined in harvested and stored plant products. As nongrowing, heterotrophic organs that are reliant on respiration to provide all of their metabolic needs, harvested plant products differ dramatically in their metabolism and respiratory needs from growing and photosynthetically active plant organs, and it cannot be assumed that the same mechanism controls respiration in both actively growing and harvested plant organs. To elucidate mechanisms of respiratory control for a harvested and stored plant product, sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) root respiration was characterized with respect to respiratory capacity, adenylate levels and cellular energy status in roots whose respiration was altered by wounding or cold treatment (1 degrees C) and in response to potential effectors of respiration. Respiration rate was induced by wounding in roots stored at 10 C and by cold temperature in roots stored at 1 degrees C for 11-13d. Alterations in respiration rate due to wounding or storage temperature were unrelated to changes in total respiratory capacity, the capacities of the cytochrome c oxidase (COX) or alternative oxidase (AOX) pathways, adenylate concentrations or cellular energy status, measured by the ATP:ADP ratio. In root tissue, respiration was induced by exogenous NADH indicating that respiratory capacity was capable of oxidizing additional electrons fed into the electron transport chain via an external NADH dehydrogenase. Respiration was not induced by addition of ADP or a respiratory uncoupler. These results suggest that respiration rate in stored sugarbeet roots is not limited by respiratory capacity, ADP availability or cellular energy status. Since respiration in plants can be regulated by substrate availability, respiratory capacity or energy status, it is likely that a substrate, other than ADP, limits respiration in stored sugarbeet roots. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Klotz, Karen L.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Finger, Fernando L.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Fitotecnia, BR-36571000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. [Anderson, Marc D.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Klotz, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Univ Stn, POB 5677, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM karen.klotz@ars.usda.gov OI Fugate, Karen/0000-0001-9543-6832 FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation FX The authors thank John Eide, Bridget Borchardt, Kristen Bunch and Dilma Silva for technical support and the Beet Sugar Development Foundation for financial support. The use of trade, firm or corporation names is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 EI 1618-1328 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2008 VL 165 IS 14 BP 1500 EP 1510 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2007.12.001 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 362CS UT WOS:000260176400008 PM 18242773 ER PT J AU Bregitzer, P Raboy, V Obert, DE Windes, J Whitmore, JC AF Bregitzer, P. Raboy, V. Obert, D. E. Windes, J. Whitmore, J. C. TI Registration of 'Clearwater' Low-Phytate Hulless Spring Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SEED PHOSPHORUS; MUTATIONS AB 'Clearwater' (Reg. No. CV-335; PI 647080) is a spring two-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed by the USDA-ARS and the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station. Clearwater was selected and released on the basis of competitive agronomic performance in combination with low-phytate (LP), hulless grain. Clearwater derives from an BC(1)F(3:4) selection from the cross 'Baronesse'*2/Pmut640//HB317. It was tested under the experimental designation 01ID435H. The parent Pmut640 is a sodium-azide generated mutant induced in the two-rowed malting cultivar Harrington. The mutation conferring reduced phytate in Pmut640 is believed to be allelic to lpa2-1, which results in a reduction of phytate (myoinositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakisphosphate) of approximately 40 to 50% and an increase in inorganic P of greater than 400%. Studies have shown that these changes are associated with increased feed quality and reduced environmental impacts when fed to non-ruminant animals, based on increased P digestibility and reduced fecal P content. C1 [Bregitzer, P.; Raboy, V.; Obert, D. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Windes, J.] Univ Idaho, Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Whitmore, J. C.] Univ Idaho, Res & Extens Ctr, Tetonia, ID 83436 USA. RP Bregitzer, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM phil.bregitzer@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 12 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.07.0388crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400001 ER PT J AU Bregitzer, P Mornhinweg, DW Obert, DE Windes, J AF Bregitzer, P. Mornhinweg, D. W. Obert, D. E. Windes, J. TI Registration of 'RWA 1758' Russian Wheat Aphid-Resistant Spring Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GERMPLASM; HOMOPTERA; STARS-9577B AB 'RWA 1758' (Reg. No. CV-336; PI 648913) is a spring, Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia Mordvilko) (RWA)-resistant two-rowed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) developed by the USDA-ARS. RWA 1758 was selected and released on the basis of competitive agronomic performance and resistance to damage caused by RWA feeding. RWA 1758 derives from a BC(3) F(3:4) selection from the cross 'Baronesse'*4/STARS 9577B. It was tested under the experimental designation 01ST1758. STARS 9577B is a six-rowed spring RWA-resistant germplasm line developed and released by the USDA-ARS. STARS 9577B is resistant to the five RWA biotypes known to be present in the United States. STARS 9577B was developed via selection from Clho 4165, a landrace originally collected in Afghanistan. The main component of the resistance is tolerance, conferred by two dominant genes with recessive epistasis. C1 [Bregitzer, P.; Obert, D. E.] USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Mornhinweg, D. W.] USDA ARS, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Windes, J.] Univ Idaho, Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. RP Bregitzer, P (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Small Grains Germplasm Res Facil, 1691 S 2700 W, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM phil.bregitzer@ars.usda.gov FU US Plant Variety Protection [200700405] FX US Plant Variety Protection for RWA 1758 has been granted (PVP no. 200700405). Small quantities of seed to be used for research or breeding purposes can be requested from the corresponding author during the period of protection by the Plant Variety Protection Certificate. Parties interested in commercial production of RWA 1758 may also contact the corresponding author for details on obtaining seed. Seed of this release is deposited in the National Plant Germplasm System, where it will be available after the expiration of the Plant Variety Protection (20 yr from date of PVP issuance) without restriction. It is requested that appropriate recognition be made when this cultivar contributes to research or development of new breeding lines or cultivars. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 5 EP 9 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.07.0421crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400002 ER PT J AU Obert, DE Wesenberg, DM Burrup, DE Erickson, CA Windes, JM Whitmore, JC AF Obert, D. E. Wesenberg, D. M. Burrup, D. E. Erickson, C. A. Windes, J. M. Whitmore, J. C. TI Registration of 'Tetonia' Barley SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article C1 [Obert, D. E.; Burrup, D. E.; Erickson, C. A.] USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Res Facil, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Wesenberg, D. M.] USDA ARS, Amer Falls, ID 83211 USA. [Windes, J. M.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Falls Res & Ext Ctr, Idaho Falls, ID 83402 USA. [Whitmore, J. C.] Univ Idaho, Tetonia Res & Ext Ctr, Newdale, ID 83436 USA. RP Obert, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Small Grains & Potato Res Facil, 1691 South 2700 West, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. EM dobert@uidaho.edu NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 10 EP 11 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0142crc PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400003 ER PT J AU Henning, JA Haunold, A Townsend, MS Gent, DH Parker, TB AF Henning, John A. Haunold, Alfred Townsend, M. Shaun Gent, David H. Parker, Thomas B. TI Registration of 'Teamaker' Hop SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article C1 [Henning, John A.; Haunold, Alfred; Gent, David H.] Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Townsend, M. Shaun; Parker, Thomas B.] Oregon State Univ, Crop & Soil Sci Dep, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Henning, JA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, USDA ARS, NFSPRC, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Henning@oregonstate.edu NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 13 EP 14 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.02.0105crc PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400005 ER PT J AU Holbrook, CC Culbreath, AK AF Holbrook, C. Corley Culbreath, Albert K. TI Registration of 'Georganic' Peanut SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SPOTTED-WILT-VIRUS; HYPOGAEA C1 [Holbrook, C. Corley] USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Culbreath, Albert K.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Holbrook, CC (reprint author), USDA ARS, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Corley.Holbrook@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 9 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 17 EP 17 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0172crc PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400008 ER PT J AU Carter, TE Burton, JW Fountain, MO Rzewnicki, PE Villagarcia, MR Bowman, DT AF Carter, T. E., Jr. Burton, J. W. Fountain, M. O. Rzewnicki, P. E. Villagarcia, M. R. Bowman, D. T. TI Registration of 'N8001' Soybean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID TRAITS C1 [Carter, T. E., Jr.; Burton, J. W.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Carter, T. E., Jr.; Burton, J. W.; Bowman, D. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Fountain, M. O.; Rzewnicki, P. E.; Villagarcia, M. R.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. RP Carter, TE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM thomas.carter@ars.usda.gov FU United Soybean Board in the development [N8001]; USDA-ARS FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the United Soybean Board in the development of N8001. We greatly appreciate the dedicated assistance of the following USDA-ARS support personnel who assisted with the development and field testing of this cultivar: Austin Hodges, Jim Nelson, and Earl Huie. NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 22 EP 23 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0121crc PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400012 ER PT J AU Burns, JC Godshalk, EB Timothy, DH AF Burns, J. C. Godshalk, E. B. Timothy, D. H. TI Registration of 'Performer' Switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SELECTION C1 [Burns, J. C.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Godshalk, E. B.] BASF Plant Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1119 Williams Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM joe_burns@ncsu.edu NR 4 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 29 EP 30 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.02.0093crc PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400014 ER PT J AU Burns, JC Godshalk, EB Timothy, DH AF Burns, J. C. Godshalk, E. B. Timothy, D. H. TI Registration of 'BoMaster' Switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SELECTION C1 [Burns, J. C.] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Burns, J. C.] N Carolina ARS, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Godshalk, E. B.] BASF Plant Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Burns, JC (reprint author), USDA ARS, 1119 Williams Hall, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM joe_burns@ncsu.edu NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 31 EP 32 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.02.0094crc PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400015 ER PT J AU Carver, BF Hunger, RM Edwards, JT Rayas-Duarte, P Klatt, AR Porter, DR Seabourn, BW Bai, GH Dowell, FE Yan, LL Martin, BC AF Carver, B. F. Hunger, R. M. Edwards, J. T. Rayas-Duarte, P. Klatt, A. R. Porter, D. R. Seabourn, B. W. Bai, G. -H. Dowell, F. E. Yan, L-L Martin, B. C. TI Registration of 'Guymon'Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID WHEAT AB 'Guymon' (Reg. No. CV-1018, PI 643133) is a hard white (HW) winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar developed and released cooperatively by the Oklahoma Agric. Exp. Stn. (AES) and the USDA-ARS in 2005. It is recommended for areas of the southern High Plains centered by the city serving as its namesake, Guymon, OK. C1 [Carver, B. F.; Edwards, J. T.; Klatt, A. R.; Yan, L-L; Martin, B. C.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Hunger, R. M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Entomol & Plant Pathol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Rayas-Duarte, P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Porter, D. R.] USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Lab, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA. [Seabourn, B. W.; Bai, G. -H.; Dowell, F. E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Carver, BF (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM brett.carver@okstate.edu FU Oklahoma Wheat Research Foundation; Oklahoma Wheat Commission; National Research Initiative of USDA-CSREES CAP [2006-55606-16629]; [OKLOI426] FX Guymon was developed with financial support from the Oklahoma Wheat Research Foundation, the Oklahoma Wheat Commission, and state project OKLOI426. Development and release of Guymon was supported by the National Research Initiative of USDA-CSREES CAP (Coordinated Agricultural Project) grant number 2006-55606-16629. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 33 EP 35 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.02.0104crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400016 ER PT J AU Baenziger, PS Beecher, B Graybosch, RA Ibrahim, AMH Baltensperger, DD Nelson, LA Jin, Y Wegulo, SN Watkins, JE Hatchett, JH Chen, MS Bai, G AF Baenziger, P. S. Beecher, B. Graybosch, R. A. Ibrahim, A. M. H. Baltensperger, D. D. Nelson, L. A. Jin, Y. Wegulo, S. N. Watkins, J. E. Hatchett, J. H. Chen, Ming-Shun Bai, Guihua TI Registration of 'NE01643' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT AB 'NE01643' (Reg. No. CV-1020, PI 647959) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed cooperatively by the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 2007 by the developing institutions and the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. NE01643, the legal name for this cultivar, will be marketed under the name Husker Genetics Brand Overland in honor of the pioneers who crossed and stayed in the northern prairies. In addition to researchers at the releasing institutions, USDA-ARS researchers at Manhattan, KS, and St. Paul, MN, participated in the development of NE01643. NE01643 was selected from the cross 'Millennium' (PI 613099) sib/ ND8974 that was made in 1995. The pedigree of ND8974 is 'Seward' (PI 508289)/'Archer'. Archer was developed by AgriPro Seeds Inc. and has the pedigree: 'Sonora 64' (CI 13930)/'Trapper' (CI 13999)/2/'Warrior' (CI13190)/3/'Centurk' (CI 15075). NE01643 was selected as an F(3:4) line (F(3)-derived line in the F(4) generation) in 1999, and in 2001 was assigned experimental line number NE01643. NE01643 was released because of its superior grain-yield performance under non-irrigated production in Nebraska, South Dakota, and adjacent states. C1 [Baenziger, P. S.; Graybosch, R. A.; Baltensperger, D. D.; Nelson, L. A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Graybosch, R. A.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Wegulo, S. N.; Watkins, J. E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Plant Pathol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Baltensperger, D. D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Beecher, B.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Ibrahim, A. M. H.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Jin, Y.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Hatchett, J. H.; Chen, Ming-Shun; Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, PSERU, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hatchett, J. H.; Chen, Ming-Shun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bai, Guihua] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Baenziger, PS (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM pbaenziger1@unl.edu RI Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014 OI Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954 FU Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station; Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board; USDA- IFAFS [200104462]; USDA, NRICGP [00-353000-9266, 2004-35300-1470]; USDA, CSREES NRICAP [2006-55606-16629] FX NE01643 was developed with partial financial support from the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Nebraska Wheat Development, Utilization, and Marketing Board. Partial funding for P.S. Baenziger is from USDA- IFAFS competitive grant 200104462 and USDA, NRICGP 00-353000-9266 and 2004-35300-1470 and USDA, CSREES NRICAP grant number 2006-55606-16629. Cooperative investigations of the Nebraska Agric. Res. Div., Univ. of Nebraska, South Dakota Agric. Exp. Sta., South Dakota State University, and USDA-ARS. NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.06.0327crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400017 ER PT J AU Souza, EJ Guttieri, MJ O'Brien, KM Zernetra, RS AF Souza, E. J. Guttieri, M. J. O'Brien, K. M. Zernetra, R. S. TI Registration of 'UI Darwin'Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT; GENOTYPE; QUALITY AB 'UI Darwin' (Reg. No. CV-1022, PI 639953) is a hard white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station and released in February 2006. UI Darwin (pedigree IDO445/'Manning') was tested under the experimental numbers A93151W-85 and IDO604. It is a tall semidwarf wheat released for crop-fallow rotations of the Intermountain West, where few hard white wheat cultivars are available. UI Darwin has improved resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend.) relative to 'Bonneville' hard red winter wheat with resistance to dwarf bunt (Tilletia controversa Kuhn in Rabenh) at similar levels to Bonneville. In 16 rainfed yield trials grown in Idaho from 2001 to 2005, UI Darwin had an average grain yield of 3200 kg ha(-1), similar to Bonneville (3050 kg ha(-1)) and 'Weston' (3190 kg ha(-1)) but less than 'Gary' (3560 kg ha(-1). UI Darwin has improved bread baking quality compared with current hard white winter wheat cultivars and has excellent color in akaline noodle products. UI Darwin had an average pup-loaf volume of 1075 mL, similar to hard red winter wheat cultivars Bonneville (1044 mL) and Weston (1064 mL) but greater than the hard white wheat cultivar Gary (963 mL). C1 [Souza, E. J.] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guttieri, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Hort & Crop Sci Dep, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [O'Brien, K. M.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Zernetra, R. S.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM edward.souza@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.07.0398crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400018 ER PT J AU Souza, EJ Guttieri, MJ O'Brien, KM Zernetra, RS AF Souza, E. J. Guttieri, M. J. O'Brien, K. M. Zernetra, R. S. TI Registration of 'Juniper' Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID WINTER-WHEAT AB 'Juniper' (Reg. No. CV-1021, PI 639951) is a hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station and released in February 2006. Juniper was tested under the experimental numbers A91013W-1 and IDO575. It is a full-stature wheat released for very low rainfall, crop-fallow rotations of the Intermountain West and was released for its improved resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend) and dwarf bunt (Tilletia controversa Kuhn in Rabenh) and bread-baking quality compared with current full-stature cultivars. Juniper had an average yield in rainfed trials of 3290 kg ha(-1), compared with the other tall cultivars for this region, 'Weston' and 'Bonneville', which had grain yields of 3050 and 3180 kg ha(-1), respectively. Weston has undesirable baking quality due to short dough mixing time. Juniper has nearly a full minute longer mixograph mixing time compared with Weston (p < 0.01). Juniper also has similar snow mold tolerance (causal organism Typhula spp.) to Bonneville without the undesirable characteristic of late heading date and maturity. Juniper heads 3 d earlier than Bonneville. C1 [Souza, E. J.] USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Guttieri, M. J.] Ohio State Univ, Hort & Crop Sci Dep, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [O'Brien, K. M.] Univ Idaho, Aberdeen Res & Extens Ctr, Aberdeen, ID 83210 USA. [Zernetra, R. S.] Univ Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Souza, EJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soft Wheat Qual Lab, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM souza@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.07.0392crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400019 ER PT J AU Burton, GW Anderson, WF AF Burton, G. W. Anderson, W. F. TI Registration of Large, Erect Pensacola Bahiagrass Germplasm Lines T18 and T23 SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESTRICTED PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; FORAGE YIELDS; MORPHOLOGY C1 [Burton, G. W.; Anderson, W. F.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Anderson, WF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Breeding Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM bill.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 51 EP 52 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0168crg PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400020 ER PT J AU Mutlu, N Urrea, CA Miklas, PN Pastor-Corrales, MA Steadman, JR Lindgren, DT Reiser, J Vidaver, AK Coyne, DP AF Mutlu, N. Urrea, C. A. Miklas, P. N. Pastor-Corrales, M. A. Steadman, J. R. Lindgren, D. T. Reiser, J. Vidaver, A. K. Coyne, D. P. TI Registration of Common Bacterial Blight, Rust and Bean Common Mosaic Resistant Great Northern Common Bean Germplasm Line ABC-Weihing SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID BACKCROSS AB Great northern common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) germplasm line ABC-Weihing (Reg. No. GP-246, PI 647964) was developed by the University of Nebraska Agricultural Research Division in cooperation with USDA-ARS and released in 2006. This line, tested as NE1-05-4, was bred specifically for enhanced resistance to common bacterial blight (CBB), a major seed borne disease of common bean caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli (Smith) Dye (Xcp). ABC-Weihing is a great northern BC(5)F(3:6) line obtained from five backcrosses ('Weihing'*5//'Chase'/XAN 159). The first cross was made in spring 1997. Only BC(n)F(1) plants resistant to Xcp isolates Dominican Republic DR-7 and Nebraska SC4A, as determined by multiple needle leaf inoculation tests in the greenhouse, were used for successive backcrossing. In addition to phenotypic selection for CBB resistance, marker-assisted selection for the resistant QTL-linked marker SU91 was conducted in the BC(1)F(1,) BC(2)F(1), and ABC-Weihing. When inoculated with Nebraska Xcp strains in the field, ABC-Weihing exhibited resistance in both 2005 and 2006. ABC-Weihing has Ur-3 and Ur-6 genes for resistance to common bean rust and carries the single dominant hypersensitive I gene that provides resistance to all non-necrotic strains of the Bean common mosaic virus (BCMV). ABC-Weihing has bright white seed, blooms 45 d after planting, and is a midseason bean maturing 92 d after planting. C1 [Urrea, C. A.] Univ Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Mutlu, N.] Bati Akdeniz Agr Res Inst, Antalya, Turkey. [Miklas, P. N.] USDA ARS, Vegetable & Forage Crop Res Unit, Prosser, WA 99350 USA. [Pastor-Corrales, M. A.] USDA ARS, Vegetable Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Steadman, J. R.; Lindgren, D. T.; Reiser, J.; Vidaver, A. K.; Coyne, D. P.] Univ Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Urrea, CA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. EM currea2@unl.edu RI Mutlu, Nedim/B-9280-2016 FU USAID [DAN-1310-G-SS-6008-00] FX The authors thank Lisa Sutton, Pat Lambrecht, and Clay Carlson for technical help and support of the Bean/Cowpea CRSP (USAID contract No. DAN-1310-G-SS-6008-00). NR 13 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 53 EP 55 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.04.0197crc PG 3 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400021 ER PT J AU Durling, JC Leif, JW Burgdorf, DW AF Durling, J. C. Leif, J. W. Burgdorf, D. W. TI Registration of Southlow Michigan Germplasm Indiangrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article C1 [Durling, J. C.; Leif, J. W.; Burgdorf, D. W.] USDA, Rose Lake Plant Mat Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Durling, JC (reprint author), USDA, Rose Lake Plant Mat Ctr, 7472 Stoll Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM john.durling@mi.usda.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 56 EP 56 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0154crg PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400022 ER PT J AU Holbrook, CC Timper, P Culbreath, AK AF Holbrook, C. Corley Timper, Patricia Culbreath, Albert K. TI Registration of Peanut Germplasm Line TifGP-1 with Resistance to the Root-Knot Nematode and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article C1 [Holbrook, C. Corley; Timper, Patricia] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Culbreath, Albert K.] Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Holbrook, CC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coastal Plain Expt Stn, USDA ARS, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Corley.Holbrook@ars.usda.gov FU [Georgia Peanut Commission] FX We thank Dr. H. Thomas Stalker at North Carolina State University for providing seeds of the original interspecific material. The contributions and technical assistance of David Clements, Jason Golden, Vickie Hogan, Kathy Marchant, D. Mauldin, Adam Montfort, Betty Tyler, and William Wilson are gratefully acknowledged. This work was supported in part by the Georgia Peanut Commission. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 57 EP 57 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.04.0193crg PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400023 ER PT J AU Durling, JC Leif, JW Burgdorf, DW AF Durling, J. C. Leif, J. W. Burgdorf, D. W. TI Registration of Southlow Michigan Germplasm Switchgrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article C1 [Durling, J. C.; Leif, J. W.; Burgdorf, D. W.] USDA, Rose Lake Plant Mat Ctr, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Durling, JC (reprint author), USDA, Rose Lake Plant Mat Ctr, 7472 Stoll Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM john.durling@mi.usda.gov NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 60 EP 60 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0163crg PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400025 ER PT J AU Mergoum, M Frohberg, RC Stack, RW Singh, PK Ali, S Rasmussen, JW Friesen, TL Adhikari, TB AF Mergoum, Mohamed Frohberg, Richard C. Stack, Robert W. Singh, Pawan K. Ali, Shaukat Rasmussen, Jack W. Friesen, Timothy L. Adhikari, Tika B. TI Registration of Spring Wheat Germplasm ND 756 Combining Resistances to Foliar Diseases and Fusarium Head Blight SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; STAGONOSPORA-NODORUM; TAN SPOT AB ND 756 hard red spring wheat (HRSW) (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. No. GP-837, PI 648034) was developed at North Dakota State University and released by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. ND 756 was derived from the ND 2849/ND 721 cross made in 1996. ND 2849 and ND 721 are two experimental lines developed by NDSU HRSW breeding program. ND 2849 is derived from a cross (ND 674//ND 2710/ND 688) involving NDSU HRSW experimental lines (ND 674 and ND 688) and ND 2710 (PI 633976, Frohberg et al., 2004) that was previously released for its resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) [caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe (telomorph Gibberella zeae (Schwein.) Petch]. ND 756 was produced from a bulk of one F5:6 head row selected in 2002 at the Christchurch, New Zealand off-season nursery. ND 756 was released mainly for its resistance to Septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) [caused by Phaeosphaeria nodorum (E.Muller) Hedjarroude], Septoria tritici blotch (STB) [caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckl) J. Schrot. in Cohn] and tan spot [caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs]. ND 756 is also resistant to the prevalent races of stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers:Pers. f. sp.tritici Eriks. & E. Henn) and leaf rust (caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.). ND 756 is moderately resistant to FHB and has good agronomic performance but does not meet the high grain quality requirements to qualify for release by NDAES. C1 [Mergoum, Mohamed; Frohberg, Richard C.; Singh, Pawan K.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Stack, Robert W.; Ali, Shaukat; Rasmussen, Jack W.; Adhikari, Tika B.] N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Friesen, Timothy L.] N Dakota State Univ, USDA ARS, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Mergoum, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dep Plant Sci, POB 5051, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM mohamed.mer-goum@ndsu.nodak.edu RI Mergoum, Mohamed/D-3815-2014 NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.03.0134crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400026 ER PT J AU Morris, CF King, GE AF Morris, C. F. King, G. E. TI Registration of Hard Kernel Puroindoline Allele Near-Isogenic Line Hexaploid Wheat Genetic Stocks SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GRAIN HARDNESS; SPRING WHEAT C1 [Morris, C. F.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E 202, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [King, G. E.] Washington State Univ, Dep Food Sci & Human Nutr, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Morris, CF (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Wheat Qual Lab, Food Sci & Human Nutr Facil E E 202, POB 646394, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM morrisc@wsu.edu NR 11 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 67 EP 68 DI 10.3198/jpr2007.02.0099crgs PG 2 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AA UT WOS:000268932400028 ER PT J AU Finkenstadt, VL Liu, CK Cooke, PH Liu, LS Willett, JL AF Finkenstadt, V. L. Liu, C. -K. Cooke, P. H. Liu, L. S. Willett, J. L. TI Mechanical Property Characterization of Plasticized Sugar Beet Pulp and Poly(Lactic Acid) Green Composites Using Acoustic Emission and Confocal Microscopy SO JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Sugar beet pulp; Poly(lactic acid); Composite; Extrusion; Injection-molding; Acoustic emission ID BIODEGRADABLE BLENDS; MICROMECHANICAL TEST; NATURAL FIBERS; STARCH AB Sorbitol and glycerol were used to plasticize sugar beet pulp-poly(lactic acid) green composites. The plasticizer was incorporated into sugar beet pulp (SBP) at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% w/w at low temperature and shear and then compounded with poly(lactic acid) (PLA) using twin-screw extrusion and injection molding. The SBP: PLA ratio was maintained at 30: 70. As expected, tensile strength decreased by 25% and the elongation increased. Acoustic emission (AE) showed correlated debonding and fracture mechanisms for up to 20% w/w plasticizer and uncorrelated debonding and fracture for 30-40% sorbitol and 30% glycerol content in SBP-PLA composites. All samples had a well dispersed SBP phase with some aggregation in the PLA matrix. However, at 40% glycerol plasticized SBP-PLA composites exhibited unique AE behavior and confocal microscopy revealed the plasticized SBP and PLA formed a co-continuous two phase system. C1 [Finkenstadt, V. L.; Willett, J. L.] ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Liu, C. -K.; Cooke, P. H.; Liu, L. S.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Finkenstadt, VL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM victoria.finkenstadt@ars.usda.gov FU Michelle Archdale (NCAUR Library); Skip Burhans (Bradley University) FX The authors thank Richard Haig, Kathy Hornback, Gary Grose, Brian Jasberg, Nick Latona, Guoping Bao, and Dr. Art Thompson for assistance. We also acknowledge Michelle Archdale (NCAUR Library) and Skip Burhans (Bradley University) for supplying the economic data. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1566-2543 J9 J POLYM ENVIRON JI J. Polym. Environ. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 19 EP 26 DI 10.1007/s10924-008-0085-8 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 382KZ UT WOS:000261606200003 ER EF