FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Olveira, ACM Bechtel, PJ Morey, A Demir, N AF Olveira, Alexandra C. M. Bechtel, Peter J. Morey, Amit Demir, Necla TI Composition of Heads and Livers of Yelloweye Rockfish (Sebastes ruberrimus) Harvested in Alaska SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE yelloweye rockfish (YER); fish heads; fish liver; fish by-products; Alaska; rockfish ID FATTY-ACIDS; PRODUCTS; SEPARATION; FLESH; COLOR; COD AB Due to their large size and fillet quality, yelloweye rockfish (YER) are a highly prized species in both commercial and recreational Alaska fisheries. Processing yields for YER are relatively low, thus by-product volume is significant at up to 77% of whole fish weight (WFW). The objective of this research was to characterize yields and determine proximate composition, fatly acid (FA) and amino acid profiles, lipid classes, cholesterol content, and mineral composition of YER beads and livers. Heads of YER were the major by-product constituting 4296 of WFW. YER livers made lip only 2916 of WFW. Livers contained high levels of lipids (28.5%) but were of small size, while lipid content of heads was 7.5%. Recovered oils were of high quality being predominantly triacylglycerols. Oils were similar in many aspects to oils from other demersal cold water marine finfish and were rich in omega-3 and omega-9 FA, and low in omega-6 FA. Protein content in beads and livers were 16% and 11.5%, respectively. Amino acid analysis revealed that the liver protein was of high quality. Mineral profile of livers was similar to values obtained from liver tissue from other cold water marine species. Overall, results indicated that YER by-products can be utilized for the production of good quality specialty ingredients that can be used as food and feed components. C1 [Olveira, Alexandra C. M.; Morey, Amit; Demir, Necla] Univ Alaska, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska, USDA ARS, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP Olveira, ACM (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 118 Trident Way, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA. EM ffamo@uaf.edu NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1049-8850 J9 J AQUAT FOOD PROD T JI J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. PD JAN-JUN PY 2009 VL 18 IS 1-2 BP 53 EP 66 DI 10.1080/10498850802581294 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 432TM UT WOS:000265157100007 ER PT J AU Reppond, K De Oliveira, ACM Bechtel, PJ AF Reppond, Kermit De Oliveira, Alexandra C. M. Bechtel, Peter J. TI Enzymatic Digestion of Eye and Brain Tissues of Sockeye and Coho Salmon and Dusky Rockfish Commercially Harvested in Alaska SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lipids; salmon; rockfish; eyes; brain; fatty acids; enzymatic digestion ID MARINE FISH; FATTY-ACID; NUTRITION; ARTEMIA AB Potential feed ingredients with high lipid content were made by enzymatic digestion followed by centrifugation of eye tissue from dusky rockfish (Sebastes ciliatus), coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), and sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka), and brain tissue from sockeye salmon. Supernatant fractions contained significant levels of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid and were essentially pure triacyglycerides. For the digest of sockeye salmon brain tissue, the lipids were mainly composed of phospholipids (74%) and sterols (22%). Assays for amino acid profiles and mineral content of the precipitant layers were also performed. C1 [Reppond, Kermit] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Manchester, WA 98353 USA. [De Oliveira, Alexandra C. M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fishery Ind Technol Ctr, Kodiak, AK USA. [Bechtel, Peter J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Reppond, K (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, POB 130, Manchester, WA 98353 USA. EM kermit.d.reppond@noaa.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1049-8850 J9 J AQUAT FOOD PROD T JI J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. PY 2009 VL 18 IS 3 BP 209 EP 222 DI 10.1080/10498850902740360 PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 471ED UT WOS:000268037200003 ER PT J AU Wu, TH Bechtel, PJ Bower, CK AF Wu, T. H. Bechtel, P. J. Bower, C. K. TI Effects of Delayed Processing of Pink Salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) By-products on Fishmeal Quality SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC FOOD PRODUCT TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article CT 38th Meeting of the West-European-Fish-Technologists-Association (WEFTA) CY 2008 CL Florence, ITALY SP W European Fish Technologists Assoc DE biogenic amines; fish by-products; fishmeal; total volatile base nitrogen; lipid oxidation; TBARS ID BIOGENIC-AMINES; SPOILAGE BACTERIA; FEED-EFFICIENCY; RAINBOW-TROUT; GROWTH; SALAR; FRESH; RAW; TRIMETHYLAMINE; DIMETHYLAMINE AB The effects of storage temperature and time on raw pink salmon by-products were evaluated in relation to the fishmeal produced. Chemical analyses were performed on the raw and processed by-products at two temperatures. Total volatile base nitrogen values indicated substantial spoilage by day 2 at 15.4 +/- 1.4 degrees C and day 6 at 6.0 +/- 0.8 degrees C. For most biogenic amines in raw by-products stored at 15.4 degrees C, there were many significant differences from the fresh by-products by day 2. For by-products stored at 6.0 degrees C, significant changes in biogenic amine were evident by day 2 and continued to increase. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values of the raw material stored at 15.4 degrees C started showing significant changes from fresh on day 3 and at 6.0 degrees C on day 4. The lipid oxidation (TBARS) was significantly different from fresh by day 2. Biogenic amines in fishmeals suggested some changes occurred between day 0 and day 3 at 15.4 degrees C and by day 7 at 6.0 degrees C. C1 [Wu, T. H.; Bechtel, P. J.; Bower, C. K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Subarct Agr Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Wu, TH (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, USDA ARS, Subarct Agr Res Unit, 245 ONeill Bldg, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ted.wu@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1049-8850 J9 J AQUAT FOOD PROD T JI J. Aquat. Food Prod. Technol. PY 2009 VL 18 IS 4 BP 345 EP 359 DI 10.1080/10498850903224299 PG 15 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 509MJ UT WOS:000271021600006 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Tan, W Liow, PS Ksander, GG Whitehand, LC AF Spencer, D. F. Tan, W. Liow, P. -S. Ksander, G. G. Whitehand, L. C. TI Evaluation of a Late Summer Imazapyr Treatment for Managing Giant Reed (Arundo donax) SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE clonal growth; imazapyr efficacy; SPAD AB Giant reed has invaded riparian habitats throughout California and the United States. Imazapyr, which can be used for California habitats with an appropriate application regime, has only been recently approved For use in controlling this species in California; therefore, little published data exists. on its efficacy. We monitored a site where imazapyr had been applied with the purpose of testing the hypothesis that a 1.5% Solution of imazapyr applied as a foliar spray was effective at killing giant reed. Plants treated with 1.5% imazapyr had reduced leaf chlorophyll content less than 30 days after treatment but recovered the following spring. Treatment with 1.5% imazapyr did not significantly reduce the proportion of living stems or prevent the production of new stems during the spring following treatment. C1 [Spencer, D. F.; Liow, P. -S.; Ksander, G. G.] ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tan, W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Whitehand, L. C.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Davis, CA 95616 USA. FU CALFED FX We appreciate the comments of T Lanini, J. Trumbo, C. Owens, and L. Nelson who read an earlier version of this manuscript. M. Womack provided advice on the Gray Lodge Wildlife Area treatments and access. R. Hill provided technical assistance. This research was supported in part by CALFED. Mention of a manufacturer does not constitute a warranty or guarantee of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture nor an endorsement over other products not mentioned. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU AQUATIC PLANT MANAGEMENT SOC, INC PI LEHIGH ACRES PA PO BOX 1477, LEHIGH ACRES, FL 33970 USA SN 0146-6623 J9 J AQUAT PLANT MANAGE JI J. Aquat. Plant Manage. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 47 BP 40 EP 43 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 447EG UT WOS:000266173800006 ER PT J AU Horning, ME Cronn, RC AF Horning, M. E. Cronn, R. C. TI Development of variable microsatellite loci and range-wide characterization of nuclear genetic diversity in the important dryland shrub antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata) SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE F(sr); Germplasm management; Native plant; Restoration; SSR ID CENTRAL OREGON; DIFFERENTIATION; RESTORATION; MARKERS; PINE; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; PONDEROSA; TRAITS AB Antelope bitterbrush (Purshia tridentata Pursh DC; Rosaceae) is an arid-land shrub that occupies an important ecological niche in various fire-dominated communities across much of the western United States. Because of its importance as a browse for large mammals and a food source for granivores, P tridentata is frequently planted by Federal agencies in arid-land revegetation. We are currently analyzing the range-wide genetic diversity of this species as part of a larger effort to develop seed movement guidelines. In this study, we describe the development of eight novel nuclear microsatellite loci and characterize the amount and apportionment of range-wide nuclear genetic diversity. The eight microsatellite loci exhibited a high level of polymorphism (13-33 alleles per locus) and in general, observed levels of heterozygosity did not deviate form Hardy-Weinberg expectations. An initial screen of 196 individuals from 12 widely distributed populations revealed a moderate amount of genetic differentiation (F(ST) = 0.09, p < 0.001). Moreover, these loci successfully produced PCR products in cross-species amplifications with two closely related Purshia species. These results demonstrate the utility of these markers and provide useful measures of neutral genetic diversity and population differentiation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Horning, M. E.; Cronn, R. C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Horning, ME (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mhorning@fs.fed.us OI Cronn, Richard/0000-0001-5342-3494 FU USDA [2005-35101-15341] FX We thank Kathleen Farrell, Rebecca Huot, Brian Knaus, Jane Marler and Angelina Rodriguez for laboratory assistance. We thank Pam Krannitz, Orville Dyer, Rudy Gerber, Robert Wooley, Wayne Padgett, Cheri Howell, Brian Knaus, Wendy Haas, Rick Hall, Rachel McNeley, Ann Willyard, Gene Willyard, Ron Halvorson, Brad St. Clair, and Karen Prudehomme for tissue collections. We also thank G. Randy Johnson for his valuable input on the P. tridentata study. This work was supported primarily by the USDA-NRI Managed Ecosystems competitive grant 2005-35101-15341, with additional funds from the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station. Our use of trade names is to provide information to the reader and does not constitute endorsement or preferential treatment by the Unites States government of the named products. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 7 EP 13 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.06.019 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393FF UT WOS:000262355700002 ER PT J AU Roth, GA Whitford, WG Steinberger, Y AF Roth, G. A. Whitford, W. G. Steinberger, Y. TI Small mammal herbivory: Feedbacks that help maintain desertified ecosystems SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Browsing; Desertification; Herbivory; Jackrabbit; Livestock grazing; Snakeweed ID SNAKEWEED GUTIERREZIA SAROTHRAE; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; VEGETATION; RANGE; JACKRABBITS; EXCLUSION; GRASSLAND; DIVERSITY; DIETS; UTAH AB We tested the hypothesis that herbivores contribute to feedbacks maintaining arid ecosystems in a degraded state. We studied small mammal herbivory on a subshrub, broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae), and perennial grasses at three sites: (1) ungrazed black grama (Bouteloua eriopoda) grassland; (2) grassland degraded by intense short-duration grazing; and (3) mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) coppice dunes. Snakeweed was browsed by herbivores primarily during dry winter months. The average percent of G. sarothrae standing crop biomass removed by browsing was 9.2 in ungrazed grassland, 7.4 in intensely grazed grassland, and 4.1 in the dunes. In ungrazed grassland, an average of 12% of grass cover was harvested by herbivores; in the intensely grazed plots - 80%. Herbivore exclusion plots showed that jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) were the primary browsers on snakeweed and rodents on grasses and G. sarothrae inflorescences. Rodent removal of G. sarothrae inflorescences allows wind dispersal of seeds in disturbed and desertified areas, thereby increasing abundance of this poisonous shrub. Grass-tiller cutting by rodents provides a strong feedback that may be responsible for keeping the grass cover low on the intensely grazed areas. Jackrabbit pruning has little effect on G. sarothrae abundance at any stage of desertification. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Roth, G. A.; Steinberger, Y.] Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. [Roth, G. A.; Whitford, W. G.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Steinberger, Y (reprint author), Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everard Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. EM Wawhitfo@nmsu.edu; steinby@mail.biu.ac.il FU International Arid Land Consortium (IALC) [02R-15] FX We Would like to thank K. Havstad and the USDA JER staff for their logistical support, and A. Killgore and V. Mathis for their help in establishment of study plots and data collection. Funding for the project was provided by the International Arid Land Consortium (IALC), grant #02R-15. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 62 EP 65 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.09.003 PG 4 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393FF UT WOS:000262355700010 ER PT J AU Eldridge, DJ Whitford, WG AF Eldridge, D. J. Whitford, W. G. TI Badger (Taxidea taxus) disturbances increase soil heterogeneity in a degraded shrub-steppe ecosystem SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Badger; Biopedturbation; Disturbance; Ecosystem engineering; Mounding; Soil nutrients ID ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS L.; POCKET GOPHERS; NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; GROUND-SQUIRRELS; BURROWING OWLS; DESERT SOILS; PRAIRIE DOG; VEGETATION; WOODLAND; COMMUNITIES AB In the western United States, overgrazing, weed invasion and wildfire have resulted in the conversion of shrub-steppe to annual grasslands, with substantial effects on ecosystem function. In these landscapes, badgers disturb large areas of soil while foraging for fossorial animals. Mounds created by badgers contained the lowest concentrations of total carbon, nitrogen and sulphur, mineral nitrogen and mineralizable nitrogen, inter-mound soils had the highest concentrations, and excavation pits had intermediate levels. Soil C:N ratio and pH were greater, and electrical conductivity and soluble Ca(2+), Mg(2+) and K(+) were lower on mound soils compared with either pit or inter-mound soils. Larger pits generally trapped more litter, and increased litter mass equated with greater concentrations of active carbon, but only at the burned sites. Older mounds supported more vascular plants and cryptogamic crusts. Our results demonstrate reduced levels of nutrients and a higher C:N ratio on the mounds compared with either the pits or inter-mounds. Alteration to the homogeneous post-fire landscape by badgers contributes to patchiness in soils and vegetation, which is critical to the functioning of arid systems. Given their effect on soil C:N ratios, mounds may be important sites for recovery of indigenous shrub-steppe plant species. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eldridge, D. J.] Boise State Univ, Dept Biol, Boise, ID 83725 USA. [Whitford, W. G.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Eldridge, DJ (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Biol Earth & Environm Sci, Dept Environm & Climate Change, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM d.eldridge@unsw.edu.au NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 27 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 66 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.09.004 PG 8 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393FF UT WOS:000262355700011 ER PT J AU Yang, YH Fang, JY Pan, YD Ji, CJ AF Yang, Y. H. Fang, J. Y. Pan, Y. D. Ji, C. J. TI Aboveground biomass in Tibetan grasslands SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Aboveground biomass; Alpine grasslands; Enhanced vegetation index; Environmental control; Precipitation; Soil texture; Temperature; Tibetan Plateau ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; PATAGONIAN STEPPE; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; GREAT-PLAINS; VEGETATION; CHINA; PLATEAU; CARBON; TEMPERATURE AB This study investigated spatial patterns and environmental controls of aboveground biomass (AGB) in alpine grasslands oil the Tibetan Plateau by integrating AGB data collected from 135 sites during 2001-2004 and concurrent enhanced vegetation index derived from MODIS data sets. The AGB was estimated at 68.8 g m(-2), with a larger value (90.8 g m(-2)) in alpine meadow than in alpine steppe (50.1 g m(-2)). It increased with growing season precipitation (GSP), but did not show a significant overall trend with growing season temperature (GST) although it was negatively correlated with GST at dry environments (<200 mm of GSP). Soil texture also influenced AGB, but the effect was coupled with precipitation; increased silt content caused a decrease of AGB at small GSP, and generated a meaningful increase under humid conditions. The correlation between AGB and sand content indicated an opposite trend with that between AGB and silt content. An analysis of general linear model depicted that precipitation, temperature, and soil texture together explained 54.2% of total variance in AGB. Our results suggest that moisture availability is a critical control of plant production, but temperature and soil texture also affect vegetation growth in high-altitude regions. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yang, Y. H.; Fang, J. Y.; Ji, C. J.] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Yang, Y. H.; Fang, J. Y.; Ji, C. J.] Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Surface Proc, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Pan, Y. D.] USDA Forest Serv, Global Change Progrom, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA. RP Fang, JY (reprint author), Peking Univ, Minist Educ, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. EM jyfang@urban.pku.edu.cn RI Fang, Jingyun/A-4282-2009; Yang, Yuanhe/D-1448-2011; Pan, Yude/F-6145-2015 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [90711002, 90211016, 40638039] FX We are grateful to members of Peking University Sampling Campaign Teams to the Tibetan Plateau (2001-2004) for assistance with field data collection, and Haihua Shen, Sheng Rao, Huifeng Hu, Xiangli Meng, Jinfang Wang, Yahan Chen, and Zhaodi Guo for laboratory assistance. We also thank Yanhong Tang and Biao 21111 for their constructive comments on the earlier draft of this manuscript. This Study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (90711002, 90211016, and 40638039). NR 33 TC 72 Z9 103 U1 11 U2 77 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 91 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.09.027 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393FF UT WOS:000262355700014 ER PT J AU Noble, JC Muller, WJ Whitford, WG Pfitzner, GH AF Noble, J. C. Mueller, W. J. Whitford, W. G. Pfitzner, G. H. TI The significance of termites as decomposers in contrasting grassland communities of semi-arid eastern Australia SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS LA English DT Article DE Biocide; Dead tussocks; Litter decomposition; Sheep and kangaroo dung ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; SOIL MODIFICATION; WHEAT-BELT; WOODLAND; LITTER; ECOSYSTEMS; INFILTRATION; DYNAMICS; GRASSES AB Decomposition of various litter forms including dead tussocks of two native perennial grasses, woolly-butt (Eragrostis eriopoda) and mulga mitchell (Thyridolepis mitchelliana), as well as roots of woollybutt, dung of sheep and kangaroo, and bleached toilet rolls, was studied in contrasting grazing exclosures, half of which had termites excluded by biocide (termiticide) treatment. Dead mulga mitchell tussocks decayed more rapidly than woollybutt tussocks during the first 17 months post mortem. Thereafter, rate of decay differed little between species. After 3 years, only small amounts of tussock residues of either species remained and only then did the impact of biocide treatment become significant. Decomposition of kangaroo pellets was typically bimodal with significantly higher decomposition recorded in the controls (no biocide) up to 40 months after treatment, and many intact pellets remaining in the biocide-treated plots. While decomposition of sheep pellets showed similar bimodality, decomposition remained significantly lower in the biocide treatments for the entire duration of the experiment. Results suggest that abiotic processes, including those induced by UV radiation, may be dominant influences mediating decomposition of litter in these semi-arid ecosystems, especially following high-rainfall seasons when abundant grass biomass has been generated providing a surfeit of potential forage for harvester termites. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Noble, J. C.; Pfitzner, G. H.] CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Mueller, W. J.] CSIRO Math & Informat Sci, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Whitford, W. G.] New Mexico State Univ, NRCS Jornada Expt Range, USDA, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Noble, JC (reprint author), 10-12 Tyndall St, Mittagong, NSW 2575, Australia. EM jim.c.noble@gmail.com RI Muller, Warren/C-8648-2009 NR 49 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1963 EI 1095-922X J9 J ARID ENVIRON JI J. Arid. Environ. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.08.004 PG 7 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393FF UT WOS:000262355700017 ER PT J AU Chiellini, E Cinelli, P Ilieva, VI Imam, SH Lawton, JW AF Chiellini, E. Cinelli, P. Ilieva, V. I. Imam, S. H. Lawton, J. W. TI Environmentally Compatible Foamed Articles Based on Potato Starch, Corn Fiber, and Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PLASTICS LA English DT Article CT BIOFOAMS Conference 2007 CY SEP 26-28, 2007 CL Capri, ITALY DE Starch; polyvinyl alcohol; foams; natural fibers; biodegradation ID BAKING PROCESS; POLYMERS AB Potato starch foam trays based on blends of poly(vinyl alcohol) and corn fibers (CFs), co-product of the corn-wheat wet-milling process, are prepared by baking the blended mixtures in a preheated mold. Materials are evaluated for processing parameters, foam strength, flexibility, and water resistance as a function of fibers content. Addition of CF in formulations improved not only moisture resistance of foam, but has a potential to lower the overall cost of the foamed materials substantially. Interestingly, addition of up to 45% fiber in formulations was possible without compromising the foaming process. Degradability is evaluated both in compost than simulating a disposal in the environment (soil burying and soil surface). Trays are biodegraded within 30-60 days in compost and soil. Particularly, trays containing starch and fiber degraded at much faster rates than trays prepared using starch without natural fillers. C1 [Chiellini, E.; Cinelli, P.; Ilieva, V. I.; Imam, S. H.; Lawton, J. W.] Univ Pisa, Dept Chem & Ind Chem, Udr INSTM Consortium, Lab Bioact Polymer Mat Biomed & Environm Applicat, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Imam, S. H.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Lawton, J. W.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Chiellini, E (reprint author), Univ Pisa, Dept Chem & Ind Chem, Udr INSTM Consortium, Lab Bioact Polymer Mat Biomed & Environm Applicat, Via Risorgimento 35, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. EM emochie@dcci.unipi.it OI Cinelli, Patrizia/0000-0003-2401-133X NR 21 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 12 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-955X J9 J CELL PLAST JI J. Cell. Plast. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 17 EP 32 DI 10.1177/0021955X08099932 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Polymer Science GA 393WU UT WOS:000262408000002 ER PT J AU Hurkman, WJ Vensel, WH Tanaka, CK Whitehand, L Altenbach, SB AF Hurkman, William J. Vensel, William H. Tanaka, Charlene K. Whitehand, Linda Altenbach, Susan B. TI Effect of high temperature on albumin and globulin accumulation in the endosperm proteome of the developing wheat grain SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Albumins; Globulins; Grain fill; High temperature ID HEAT-RESPONSIVE PROTEINS; LIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN; STARCHY ENDOSPERM; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; ALLERGENS; STRESS; TOLERANCE; CARYOPSIS; PROFILES AB The accumulation of KCl-soluble/methanol-insoluble albumins and globulins was investigated in the endosperm of developing wheat (Triticum aestivum, L cv. Butte 86) grain produced under a moderate (24 degrees C/17 degrees C, day/night) or a high temperature regimen (37 degrees C/28 degrees C) imposed from 10 or 20 days post-anthesis (dpa) until maturity. Proteins were separated by 2-DE and developmental profiles for nearly 200 proteins were analyzed by hierarchical clustering. Comparison of protein profiles across physiologically equivalent stages of grain fill revealed that high temperature shortened, but did not substantially alter, the developmental program. Accumulation of proteins shifted from those active in biosynthesis and metabolism to those with roles in storage and protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Few proteins responded transiently when plants were transferred to the high temperature regimens, but levels of a number of proteins were altered during late stages of grain development. Specific protein responses depended on whether the high temperature regimens were initiated early or mid development. Some of the heat responsive proteins have been implicated in gas bubble stabilization in bread dough and others are suspected food allergens. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hurkman, William J.; Vensel, William H.; Tanaka, Charlene K.; Whitehand, Linda; Altenbach, Susan B.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Hurkman, WJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM william.hurkman@ars.usda.gov OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 NR 33 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 12 EP 23 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2008.06.014 PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 401VD UT WOS:000262969600003 ER PT J AU Sroan, BS Bean, SR MacRitchie, F AF Sroan, Baninder S. Bean, Scott R. MacRitchie, Finlay TI Mechanism of gas cell stabilization in bread making. I. The primary gluten-starch matrix SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Bread making; Gas cell stability; Liquid lamella; Gluten-starch matrix; Dough rheology ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; WHEAT-PROTEIN FRACTIONS; FLOUR PROTEINS; BAKING QUALITY; WORK INPUT; DOUGH; BREADMAKING; RETENTION; RHEOLOGY; RECONSTITUTION AB Expansion of dough and hence bread making performance is postulated to depend on a dual mechanism for stabilization of inflating gas bubbles. Two flours were used in this study, one from the wheat variety Jagger (Jagger) and the other from a composite of soft wheat varieties (Soft). Thin liquid lamellae (films), stabilized by adsorbed surface active compounds, act as an auxiliary to the primary gluten-starch matrix in stabilizing expanding gas cells and this mechanism operates when discontinuities begin to appear in the gluten-starch matrix during later proving and early baking stages. Contributions of the liquid lamellae stability to dough expansion were assessed using flours varying in their lipid content. Incremental addition of natural lipids back into defatted flour caused bread volume to decrease, and, after reaching a minimum, to increase. Strain hardening is a key theological property responsible for stabilizing the primary gluten-starch matrix. Jagger gave higher test-bake loaf volume than Soft and higher strain hardening index for dough. The different lipid treatments were found to have negligible effects on strain hardening index. Image analysis of crumb grain revealed that differences in number of gas cells and average cell elongation with different lipid treatments were insignificant. The evidence agrees with a dual mechanism to stabilize the gas cells in bread dough. To understand dough rheology at a molecular level, theological properties of doughs were varied by addition of flour protein fractions prepared by pH fractionation. Fractions were characterized by SE-HPLC and MALLS. The molecular weight distribution (MWD) of fractions progressively shifted to higher values as the pH of fractionation decreased. Mixograph dough development time paralleled the MWD. However, the strain hardening index and the test-bake loaf volume increased with increasing MWD up to a point (optimum), after which they declined. At a given strain rate, the behavior at the optimum is thought to result from slippage of the maximum number of statistical segments between entanglements, without disrupting the entangled network of polymeric proteins. Shift of MWD to molecular weight higher than the optimum results in a stronger network with reduced slippage through entanglement nodes, whereas a shift to lower molecular weights will decrease the strength of the network due to a lesser number of entanglements per chain. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sroan, Baninder S.; MacRitchie, Finlay] Kansas State Univ, Dept Grain Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bean, Scott R.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Sroan, BS (reprint author), FritoLay, 7701 Legacy Dr,3T-124, Plano, TX 75024 USA. EM baninder@k-state.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 NR 40 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 3 U2 45 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 32 EP 40 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.003 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 401VD UT WOS:000262969600005 ER PT J AU Altenbach, SB Tanaka, CK Hurkman, WJ Vensel, WH AF Altenbach, Susan B. Tanaka, Charlene K. Hurkman, William J. Vensel, William H. TI Expression of globulin-2, a member of the cupin superfamily of proteins with similarity to known food allergens, is increased under high temperature regimens during wheat grain development SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Flour quality; Gene expression; Proteomics; Quantitative RT-PCR ID RT-PCR; GENES; ENDOSPERM; PROFILES; IDENTIFICATION; FERTILIZER; SEQUENCE; L. AB Twenty-three expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the US spring wheat Butte 86 were identified that encode proteins similar to a globulin-2 protein from maize embryos. The ESTs assembled into three contigs, two of which include the entire coding region for the mature protein. The encoded proteins contain two cupin domains and show significant identities with 7S seed proteins from other species that are known or putative food allergens. Quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with primers specific for two of the sequences demonstrated that the globulin-2 genes are expressed late in grain development and that transcript levels increase when grain is produced under high temperature conditions. Transcripts were detected in both whole grain and endosperm, but levels were significantly higher in whole grain and highest in embryo. In wheat flour, at least 17 protein spots that differ in both size and pl were identified as globulin-2 by 2-DE/MS. Seven of the spots increased more than 2-fold in relative proportion when grain was produced under high temperature regimens. The data suggest that both transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms are involved in the response of globulin-2 to high temperatures. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Altenbach, Susan B.; Tanaka, Charlene K.; Hurkman, William J.; Vensel, William H.] USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Altenbach, SB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM altnbach@pw.usda.gov OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 47 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.005 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 401VD UT WOS:000262969600007 ER PT J AU Wong, JH Lau, T Cai, N Singh, J Pedersen, JF Vensel, WH Hurkman, WJ Wilson, JD Lemaux, PG Buchanan, BB AF Wong, Joshua H. Lau, Tsang Cai, Nick Singh, Jaswinder Pedersen, Jeffrey F. Vensel, William H. Hurkman, William J. Wilson, Jeff D. Lemaux, Peggy G. Buchanan, Bob B. TI Digestibility of protein and starch from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is linked to biochemical and structural features of grain endosperm SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Disulfide proteins; Starch-protein interface; Granule-bound starch synthase I; Sorghum ID IN-VITRO PROTEIN; L-MOENCH ENDOSPERM; COOKED SORGHUM; COOKING CONDITIONS; PEPSIN DIGESTION; SOLUBLE-PROTEINS; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; REDUCING AGENTS; CROSS-LINKING; AMINO-ACIDS AB Although a principal source of energy and protein for millions of the world's poorest people, the nutritional value of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L Moench) is diminished because of low digestibility of grain protein and starch. To address this problem, we analyzed the properties of two sorghum lines that have a common pedigree but differ in digestibility. Consistent with results based on a ruminal fluid assay, the protein and starch of one line (KS48) was more thoroughly digested than that of the other (KS51) using in vitro assays based on pepsin and alpha-amylase. The indigestibility of KS51 relative to KS48 was shown to be due to (i) a greater abundance of disulfide-bonded proteins; (ii) presence in KS51 of non-waxy starch and the accompanying granule-bound starch synthase; and (iii) the differing nature of the protein matrix and its interaction with starch. The current findings suggest that each of these factors should be considered in efforts to enhance the nutritional value of sorghum grain. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wong, Joshua H.; Lau, Tsang; Cai, Nick; Singh, Jaswinder; Lemaux, Peggy G.; Buchanan, Bob B.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Pedersen, Jeffrey F.] ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Vensel, William H.; Hurkman, William J.] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Wilson, Jeff D.] ARS, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Lemaux, PG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM viewmont@nature.berkeley.edu; shout_at_neko@hotmail.com; monto@nature.berkeley.edu; jaswinder.singh@mcgill.ca; jeff.pedersen@ars.usda.gov; vensel@pw.usda.gov; bhurkman@pw.usda.gov; jeff.d.wilson@ars.usda.gov; lemauxpg@nature.berkeley.edu; view@nature.berkeley.edu OI Vensel, William/0000-0001-9454-2705 FU U.S. Agency for International Development; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; USDA Cooperative Extension Service; Agricultural Experiment Station through UC Berkeley FX This study was supported by the U.S. Agency for International Development and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. PGL was supported by the USDA Cooperative Extension Service and BBB by the Agricultural Experiment Station through UC Berkeley. We thank Drs. K. McDonald and G. Min (Electron Microscope Laboratory) and D. Schichnes (Biological Imaging Laboratory) for assistance with the microscopy studies and Dr. S.R. Wessler for the gift of waxy protein antibody. The late Dr. K. Kobrehel helped launch this study during a sabbatical visit to Berkeley in the early 1990s. Numerous undergraduate students also made contributions, especially D. Bergmann, R-H. Ren and P. Yu-Man Kei. NR 56 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 30 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 73 EP 82 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.013 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 401VD UT WOS:000262969600010 ER PT J AU Park, SH Wilson, JD Seabourn, BW AF Park, Seok-Ho Wilson, Jeff D. Seabourn, Bradford W. TI Starch granule size distribution of hard red winter and hard red spring wheat: Its effects on mixing and breadmaking quality SO JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Starch granule size distribution; HRW; HRS; Mixing property; Breadmaking quality; Crumb grain score; Optimum range of B-granules ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE; PARTICLE-SIZE; STEREOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; GLUTENIN MACROPOLYMER; DEVELOPING ENDOSPERM; BAKING QUALITY; LIPID CONTENTS; IMAGE-ANALYSIS; GAS RETENTION AB Starch was isolated from 98 hard red winter (HRW) wheat and 99 hard red spring (HRS) wheats. Granule size/volume distributions of the isolated starches were analyzed using a laser diffraction particle size analyzer. There were significant differences in the size distribution between HRW and HRS wheats. The B-granules (< 10 mu m in diameter) occupied volumes in the range 28.5-49.1% (mean, 39.9%) for HRW wheat, while HRS wheat B-granules occupied volumes in the range 37.1-56.2% (mean, 47.3%). The mean granule sizes of the distribution peaks less than 10 mu m in diameter also showed a significant difference (HRW, 4.32 vs. HRS, 4.49 mu m), but the mean sizes of the distribution peaks larger than 10 pm were not significantly different (21.54 vs. 21.47 mu m). Numerous wheat and flour quality traits also showed significant correlation to starch granule size distributions. Most notably, protein content was inversely correlated with parameters of B-granules. Crumb grain score appeared to be affected by starch granule size distribution, showing significant inverse correlations with B-granules. Furthermore, the linear correlations were improved when the ratio of B-granules to protein content was used, and the polynomial relation was applied. There also appeared to be an optimum range of B-granules for different protein content flour to produce bread with better crumb grain. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Park, Seok-Ho; Wilson, Jeff D.; Seabourn, Bradford W.] ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, USDA, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. RP Wilson, JD (reprint author), ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, USDA, 1515 Coll Ave, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM jeff.d.wilson@usda.ars.gov NR 66 TC 38 Z9 45 U1 4 U2 18 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0733-5210 J9 J CEREAL SCI JI J. Cereal Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 98 EP 105 DI 10.1016/j.jcs.2008.07.011 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 401VD UT WOS:000262969600013 ER PT J AU Morris, BD Charlet, LD Foster, SP AF Morris, Bruce D. Charlet, Laurence D. Foster, Stephen P. TI Isolation of Three Diterpenoid Acids from Sunflowers, as Oviposition Stimulants for the Banded Sunflower Moth, Cochylis hospes SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Grandifloric acid; 15 beta-hydroxy-ent-trachyloban-19-oic acid; 17-hydroxy-16 alpha-ent-kauran-19-oic acid; Lepidoptera; Cochylidae; Helianthus annuus ID HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS L; SESQUITERPENE LACTONES; ENT-KAURANES; CONSTITUENTS; LEPIDOPTERA; LEAVES; IDENTIFICATION; CHEMISTRY; NOCTUIDAE AB The banded sunflower moth (BSFM), Cochylis hospes Walshingham (Lepidoptera: Cochylidae) is a specialist insect, the larvae of which feed on sunflowers, Helianthus spp., and a few other species of Compositae. It is one of the most important pests of sunflower in the USA. Previous work on H. annuus, the cultivated sunflower, revealed two diterpenoids that function as oviposition stimulants for female BSFM, and that other, more polar compounds also stimulated oviposition. Using a bioassay-guided approach, we isolated three additional diterpenoids, grandifloric acid (1), 15 beta-hydroxy-ent-trachyloban-19-oic acid (2), and 17-hydroxy-16 alpha-ent-kauran-19-oic acid (3), from polar fractions of pre-bloom sunflower head extracts. In laboratory bioassays, purified natural samples of each of these compounds stimulated oviposition by female BSFM. Structure-activity relationships of the five diterpenoids known to stimulate oviposition by female BSFM are discussed. C1 [Morris, Bruce D.; Foster, Stephen P.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Charlet, Laurence D.] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Foster, SP (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM Stephen.foster@ndsu.edu FU National Sunflower Association; North Dakota SBARE FX We thank Sharon Grugel for supplying insects and Kirk Anderson for assistance in growing sunflowers. This work was partially supported by a grant from the National Sunflower Association and North Dakota SBARE. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 35 IS 1 BP 50 EP 57 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9567-3 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 401GM UT WOS:000262928000006 PM 19093152 ER PT J AU Andersson, MN Haftmann, J Stuart, JJ Cambron, SE Harris, MO Foster, SP Franke, S Francke, W Hillbur, Y AF Andersson, Martin N. Haftmann, Jenny Stuart, Jeffrey J. Cambron, Sue E. Harris, Marion O. Foster, Stephen P. Franke, Stephan Francke, Wittko Hillbur, Ylva TI Identification of Sex Pheromone Components of the Hessian Fly, Mayetiola destructor SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; Hessian fly; Cecidomyiidae; Diptera; Sex pheromone; (2S)-Tridec-2-yl acetate; (2S,10E)-10-tridecen-2-yl acetate; (2S,10E)-10-Tridecen-2-ol; (2S,8Z,10E)-8; 10-Tridecadien-2-yl acetate; (2S,8E,10E)-8; 10-Tridecadien-2-yl acetate; GC-EAD; Y-tube bioassay; Field trapping ID CONTARINIA-PISI; INSECT PHEROMONES; PLANT-RESISTANCE; WINTER-WHEAT; GALL MIDGE; PEA MIDGE; CECIDOMYIIDAE; DIPTERA; BEHAVIOR; SAY AB Coupled gas chromatographic (GC)-electroantennographic detection (EAD) analyses of ovipositor extract of calling Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor, females revealed that seven compounds elicited responses from male antennae. Four of the compounds-(2S)-tridec-2-yl acetate, (2S,10Z)-10-tridecen-2-yl acetate, (2S,10E)-10-tridecen-2-yl acetate, and (2S,10E)-10-tridecen-2-ol-were identified previously in female extracts. Two new EAD-active compounds, (2S,8Z,10E)-8,10-tridecadien-2-yl acetate and (2S,8E,10E)-8,10-tridecadien-2-yl acetate, were identified by GC-mass spectroscopy (MS) and the use of synthetic reference samples. In a Y-tube bioassay, a five-component blend (1 ng (2S)-tridec-2-yl acetate, 10 ng (2S,10E)-10-tridecen-2-yl acetate, 1 ng (2S,10E)-10-tridecen-2-ol, 1 ng (2S,8Z,10E)-8,10-tridecadien-2-yl acetate, and 1 ng (2S,8E,10E)-8,10-tridecadien-2-yl acetate) was as attractive to male Hessian flies as a similar amount of female extract (with respect to the main compound, (2S,10E)-10-tridecen-2-yl acetate). The five-component blend was more attractive to male flies than a three-component blend lacking the two dienes. Furthermore, the five-component blend was more attractive than a blend with the same compounds but that contained one tenth the concentration of (2S,8E,10E)-8,10-tridecadien-2-yl acetate (more accurately mimicking the ratios found in female extract). This suggests that the ratios emitted by females might deviate from those in gland extracts. In a field-trapping experiment, the five-component blend applied to polyethylene cap dispensers in a 100:10 mu g ratio between the main component and each of the other blend components attracted a significant number of male Hessian flies. Also, a small-plot field test demonstrated the attractiveness of the five-component blend to male Hessian flies and suggests that this pheromone blend may be useful for monitoring and predicting Hessian fly outbreaks in agricultural systems. C1 [Andersson, Martin N.; Hillbur, Ylva] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Protect Biol, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Haftmann, Jenny; Franke, Stephan; Francke, Wittko] Univ Hamburg, Inst Organ Chem, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Stuart, Jeffrey J.] Purdue Univ, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Cambron, Sue E.] Purdue Univ, USDA ARS, Dept Entomol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Harris, Marion O.; Foster, Stephen P.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hillbur, Y (reprint author), Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Plant Protect Biol, S-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. EM ylva.hillbur@ltj.slu.se FU USDA-NRI [2004-03099]; Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry [FS-234]; Fonds der Chemischen Industrie FX We thank Thiago Benatti and Rajat Aggarwal (Dept. Entomology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA) for insect rearing. We also thank Elin Isberg for assistance in rearing and Y-tube bioassays. Many thanks also to Gary Cramer (Sedgwick County Extension, Wichita, KS, USA) for field assistance and Ray Gagn, (Dept. Entomology, Smithsonian Institute, Washington, DC, USA) for the identification of insects. This study was partly funded by USDA-NRI, grant # 2004-03099 (J. J. Stuart) and by the Royal Swedish Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, grant FS-234 (M. N. Andersson). W. Francke acknowledges the support of the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie. NR 37 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 35 IS 1 BP 81 EP 95 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9569-1 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 401GM UT WOS:000262928000010 PM 19067080 ER PT J AU Lelito, JP Boroczky, K Jones, TH Fraser, I Mastro, VC Tumlinson, JH Baker, TC AF Lelito, Jonathan P. Boeroeczky, Katalin Jones, Tappey H. Fraser, Ivich Mastro, Victor C. Tumlinson, James H. Baker, Thomas C. TI Behavioral Evidence for a Contact Sex Pheromone Component of the Emerald Ash Borer, Agrilus Planipennis Fairmaire SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Agrilus planipennis; Contact pheromone; 3-Methyltricosane; Emerald ash borer; Mating system; Invasive pest; Buprestidae; Fraxinus; Coleoptera ID COLEOPTERA; BUPRESTIDAE AB The cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of emerald ash borers, Agrilus planipennis, were examined to determine if there are differences in these compounds between the sexes. We also assessed feral male EAB in the field for behavioral changes based on the application of a female-specific compound to dead, solvent-washed beetles. Males in the field spent significantly more time attempting copulation with dead, pinned female beetles coated with a three-beetle-equivalent dose of 3-methyltricosane than with solvent-washed beetles or those coated in 3-methyltricosane at lower concentrations. Males in the field spent the most time investigating pinned dead, unwashed female beetles. In the laboratory, sexually mature males were presented with one of several mixtures applied in hexane to filter paper disks or to the elytra of dead female beetles first washed in solvent. Male EAB also spent more time investigating dead beetles treated with solution applications that contained 3-methyltricosane than dead beetles and filter paper disks treated with male body wash or a straight-chain hydrocarbon not found on the cuticle of EAB. C1 [Lelito, Jonathan P.; Boeroeczky, Katalin; Tumlinson, James H.; Baker, Thomas C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Chem Ecol, Chem Ecol Lab 120, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jones, Tappey H.] Virginia Mil Inst, Dept Chem, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. [Fraser, Ivich; Mastro, Victor C.] USDA APHIS PPQ, Brighton, MI 48116 USA. RP Lelito, JP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ctr Chem Ecol, Chem Ecol Lab 120, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jpl207@psu.edu RI Tumlinson, James/G-8358-2011 FU Pennsylvania State University [06-8100-1091-CA]; USDA-APHIS-PPQ FX The authors extend their thanks to M. Rietz, N. Smith, and B. Banks for assistance during this project. We also thank two anonymous reviewers, whose comments significantly improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 06-8100-1091-CA between J. H. Tumlinson and T. C. Baker at The Pennsylvania State University and USDA-APHIS-PPQ. NR 14 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 35 IS 1 BP 104 EP 110 DI 10.1007/s10886-008-9583-3 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 401GM UT WOS:000262928000012 PM 19153798 ER PT J AU Buehlmann, U Bumgardner, M Fluharty, T AF Buehlmann, Urs Bumgardner, Matthew Fluharty, Tom TI Ban on landfilling of wooden pallets in North Carolina: an assessment of recycling and industry capacity SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE Recycling; Recycling capacity; Pallets; Public policy; Industry survey ID TRADE; FUEL AB Pallets literally move the world and an estimated 2 billion of them are in use in the U.S. every day. However, pallets have a short life span and thus consume vast quantities of resources. They are also responsible for 2-3% of all waste landfilled in the United States. This is despite the fact that technologies and markets exist that allow pallets to be reused, recycled, converted into other products or turned into mulch, boiler fuels or alcohols (ethanol). The State of North Carolina's legislature debated a ban on landfilling pallets for several years and has now enacted legislation to ban this practice beginning in 2009. This study provided information used to help reach that decision. North Carolina had 103 known pallet recycling operations that were surveyed in 2003-2004. Using 34 responses, the total pallet recycling capacity in North Carolina was close to 60 million units per year, while 34 million pallets were actually recycled in 2003. The average operation employed nearly 34 persons and recycled about 326,000 pallets per year. On average, 20% of the pallets received by a recycling operation were reused, 45% were refurbished, 19% were recycled, and 15% were ground. The industry generally thought that a ban on landfilling pallets was a good idea (56%) with 18% indicating it was a bad idea. Another 18% of respondents did not care and 9% had different ideas. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Buehlmann, Urs] Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Brooks Forest Prod Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Bumgardner, Matthew] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. [Fluharty, Tom] Marsh Furniture, High Point, NC 27260 USA. RP Buehlmann, U (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Wood Sci & Forest Prod, Brooks Forest Prod Ctr, 1650 Ramble Rd, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM buehlmann@gmail.com FU North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources; North Carolina State University, Department of Wood and Paper Science, Raleigh, NC FX The authors would like to thank Wendy Worley and Scott Mouw, Division of Pollution Prevention, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources (NCDENR), Raleigh, NC, for their input and support. This research was supported by the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources and by North Carolina State University, Department of Wood and Paper Science, Raleigh, NC. NR 44 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0959-6526 J9 J CLEAN PROD JI J. Clean Prod. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 2 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2008.06.002 PG 5 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400QV UT WOS:000262884500020 ER PT J AU Khan, A Zaman, G Anderson, RA AF Khan, Alam Zaman, Goher Anderson, Richard A. TI Bay Leaves Improve Glucose and Lipid Profile of People with Type 2 Diabetes SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut DE cardiovascular disease; cholesterol; diabetes; triglycerides ID CINNAMON EXTRACT; BLOOD-GLUCOSE; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; IN-VITRO; INSULIN; CHOLESTEROL; CHROMIUM; SPICES; FOODS; RATS AB Bay leaves (Laurus nobilis) have been shown to improve insulin function in vitro but the effects on people have not been determined. The objective of this study was to determine if bay leaves may be important in the prevention and/or alleviation of type 2 diabetes. Forty people with type 2 diabetes were divided into 4 groups and given capsules containing 1, 2 or 3 g of ground bay leaves per day for 30 days or a placebo followed by a 10 day washout period. All three levels of bay leaves reduced serum glucose with significant decreases ranging from 21 to 26% after 30 d. Total cholesterol decreased, 20 to 24%, after 30 days with larger decreases in low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol of 32 to 40%. High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol increased 29 and 20% in the groups receiving I and 2 g of bay leaves, respectively. Triglycerides also decreased 34 and 25% in groups consuming I and 2 g of bay leaves, respectively, after 30 d. There were no significant changes in the placebo group. In summary, this study demonstrates that consumption of bay leaves, 1 to 3 g/d for 30 days, decreases risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases and suggests that bay leaves may be beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes. C1 [Anderson, Richard A.] Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Khan, Alam; Zaman, Goher] NW Frontier Prov Agr Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Peshawar, Pakistan. RP Anderson, RA (reprint author), Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Richard.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU JOURNAL CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY & NUTRITION PI KYOTO PA KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIV MED, GRAD SCH MEDICAL SCIENCE, DEPT MOLECULAR GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY, KYOTO, 602-8566, JAPAN SN 0912-0009 EI 1880-5086 J9 J CLIN BIOCHEM NUTR JI J. Clin. Biochem. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 52 EP 56 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 406HA UT WOS:000263284400006 PM 19177188 ER PT J AU Kremer, R Campbell, PP Reinhardt, T Gilsanz, V AF Kremer, Richard Campbell, Patricia P. Reinhardt, Timothy Gilsanz, Vicente TI Vitamin D Status and Its Relationship to Body Fat, Final Height, and Peak Bone Mass in Young Women SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; MINERAL DENSITY; SERUM 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR-MECHANISM; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; D SUPPLEMENTATION; D DEFICIENCY; ADOLESCENTS; CHILDREN AB Context: Vitamin D insufficiency has now reached epidemic proportions and has been linked to low bone mineral density, increased risk of fracture, and obesity in adults. However, this relationship has not been well characterized in young adults. Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), anthropometric measures, body fat (BF), and bone structure at the time of peak bone mass. Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Outcome Measures and Subjects: Anthropometric measures, serum 25OHD radioimmunoassay values, and computed tomography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry values of BF and bone structure in 90 postpubertal females, aged 16-22 yr, residing in California were measured. Results: Approximately 59% of subjects were 25OHD insufficient (<= 29 ng/ml), and 41% were sufficient (>= 30 ng/ml). Strong negative relationships were present between serum 25OHD and computedtomography measures of visceralandsc fatanddual-energy x-ray absorptiometry values of BF. In addition, weight, body mass, and imaging measures of adiposity at all sites were significantly lower in women with normal serum 25OHD concentrations than women with insufficient levels. In contrast, no relationship was observed between circulating 25OHD concentrations and measures of bone mineral density at any site. Unexpectedly, there was a positive correlation between 25OHD levels and height. Conclusions: We found that vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased BF and decreased height but not changes in peak bone mass. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94: 67-73, 2009) C1 [Campbell, Patricia P.; Gilsanz, Vicente] Univ So Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Keck Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Kremer, Richard] McGill Univ, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H3H 2R9, Canada. [Reinhardt, Timothy] USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Gilsanz, V (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Keck Sch Med, Dept Radiol, MS 81,4650 Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. EM vgilsanz@chla.usc.edu RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 FU Department of the Army [DAMD1701-1-0817]; National Institutes of Health [1R01 AR052744-01]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council and Dimensional Fund FX This work was supported by the Department of the Army (DAMD1701-1-0817), the National Institutes of Health (1R01 AR052744-01), and Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council and Dimensional Fund Advisors Canada. NR 47 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 94 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1210/jc.2008-1575 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 391UR UT WOS:000262260200013 PM 18984659 ER PT J AU Dawson-Hughes, B Harris, SS Palermo, NJ Castaneda-Sceppa, C Rasmussen, HM Dallal, GE AF Dawson-Hughes, Bess Harris, Susan S. Palermo, Nancy J. Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen Rasmussen, Helen M. Dallal, Gerard E. TI Treatment with Potassium Bicarbonate Lowers Calcium Excretion and Bone Resorption in Older Men and Women SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID NET ACID EXCRETION; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; URINARY CALCIUM; PROTEIN-INTAKE; SODIUM-BICARBONATE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; MINERAL DENSITY; DIETARY-PROTEIN; MOUSE CALVARIA AB Context: Bicarbonate has been implicated in bone health in older subjects on acid-producing diets in short-term studies. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the effects of potassium bicarbonate and its components on changes in bone resorption and calcium excretion over 3 months in older men and women. Design, Participants, and Intervention: In this double-blind, controlled trial, 171 men and women age 50 and older were randomized to receive placebo or 67.5 mmol/d of potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, or potassium chloride for 3 months. All subjects received calcium (600 mg of calcium as triphosphate) and 525 IU of vitamin D(3) daily. Main Outcome Measures: Twenty-four-hour urinary N-telopeptide and calcium were measured at entry and after 3 months. Changes in these measures were compared across treatment groups in the 162 participants included in the analyses. Results: Bicarbonate affected the study outcomes, whereas potassium did not; the two bicarbonate groups and the two no bicarbonate groups were therefore combined. Subjects taking bicarbonate had significant reductions in urinary N-telopeptide and calcium excretion, when compared with subjects taking no bicarbonate (both before and after adjustment for baseline laboratory value, sex, and changes in urinary sodium and potassium; P = 0.001 for both, adjusted). Potassium supplementation did not significantly affect N-telopeptide or calcium excretion. Conclusions: Bicarbonate, but not potassium, had a favorable effect on bone resorption and calcium excretion. This suggests that increasing the alkali content of the diet may attenuate bone loss in healthy older adults. (J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94: 96-102, 2009) C1 [Dawson-Hughes, Bess; Harris, Susan S.; Palermo, Nancy J.; Rasmussen, Helen M.; Dallal, Gerard E.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Northeastern Univ, Bouve Coll Hlth Sci, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Dawson-Hughes, B (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM Bess.Dawson-Hughes@Tufts.edu NR 37 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 10 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 94 IS 1 BP 96 EP 102 DI 10.1210/jc.2008-1662 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 391UR UT WOS:000262260200017 PM 18940881 ER PT J AU Marschall, J Tibbetts, RJ Dunne, WM Frye, JG Fraser, VJ Warren, DK AF Marschall, Jonas Tibbetts, Robert J. Dunne, W. Michael, Jr. Frye, Jonathan G. Fraser, Victoria J. Warren, David K. TI Presence of the KPC Carbapenemase Gene in Enterobacteriaceae Causing Bacteremia and Its Correlation with In Vitro Carbapenem Susceptibility SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROLYZING BETA-LACTAMASE; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; NEW-YORK; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; BROOKLYN; RESISTANCE; SPREAD; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB During 6 months, we obtained Enterobacteriaceae isolates from patients with gram-negative bacteremia at a 1,250-bed teaching hospital in St. Louis, MO, and compared carbapenem susceptibilities with the presence of (KPC)-K-bla, a transferable carbapenemase gene. Three (1.2%) out of 243 isolates were (KPC)-K-bla positive. Ertapenem nonsusceptibility had a low positive predictive value. C1 [Marschall, Jonas; Fraser, Victoria J.; Warren, David K.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Tibbetts, Robert J.; Dunne, W. Michael, Jr.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Lab Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Frye, Jonathan G.] ARS, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Marschall, J (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM jmarscha@im.wustl.edu RI Frye, Jonathan/I-6382-2013; OI Frye, Jonathan/0000-0002-8500-3395; Marschall, Jonas/0000-0002-0052-3210; Warren, David/0000-0001-8679-8241 FU Swiss National Science Foundation [PBBSB-113014]; NIH [K23 AI050585, IK24 AI 06779401]; CDC [CDC 1U1CI000033301]; Sage Products Inc. FX J. M. received a research grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation (PBBSB-113014). D. K. W. (K23 AI050585) and V. J. F. (IK24 AI 06779401) are funded through the NIH. D. K. W. and V. J. F. also receive funding through the CDC Prevention Epicenter Program (CDC 1U1CI000033301).; D. K. W. receives research support from Sage Products Inc. and 3M Healthcare and is a consultant for Enturia Inc., Novabay Pharmaceuticals, and 3M Healthcare. W. M. D. is a consultant for bioMe ' rieux. V. J. F. is a consultant for Steris and Verimetrix and a member of the speakers' bureau for Pfizer, Merck, and Cubist Pharmaceuticals. None of the following three authors have a conflict of interest: J. M., R. J. T., and J. G. F. NR 22 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 47 IS 1 BP 239 EP 241 DI 10.1128/JCM.02123-08 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 390IR UT WOS:000262158000038 PM 19020072 ER PT J AU VanRaden, PM Van Tassell, CP Wiggans, GR Sonstegard, TS Schnabel, RD Taylor, JF Schenkel, FS AF VanRaden, P. M. Van Tassell, C. P. Wiggans, G. R. Sonstegard, T. S. Schnabel, R. D. Taylor, J. F. Schenkel, F. S. TI Invited review: Reliability of genomic predictions for North American Holstein bulls SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE genomic selection; genomic prediction; reliability; evaluation accuracy ID MARKER-ASSISTED SELECTION; AFFECTING MILK-YIELD; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; CATTLE; GENE AB Genetic progress will increase when breeders examine genotypes in addition to pedigrees and phenotypes. Genotypes for 38,416 markers and August 2003 genetic evaluations for 3,576 Holstein bulls born before 1999 were used to predict January 2008 daughter deviations for 1,759 bulls born from 1999 through 2002. Genotypes were generated using the Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip and DNA from semen contributed by US and Canadian artificial-insemination organizations to the Cooperative Dairy DNA Repository. Genomic predictions for 5 yield traits, 5 fitness traits, 16 conformation traits, and net merit were computed using a linear model with an assumed normal distribution for marker effects and also using a nonlinear model with a heavier tailed prior distribution to account for major genes. The official parent average from 2003 and a 2003 parent average computed from only the subset of genotyped ancestors were combined with genomic predictions using a selection index. Combined predictions were more accurate than official parent averages for all 27 traits. The coefficients of determination (R(2)) were 0.05 to 0.38 greater with nonlinear genomic predictions included compared with those from parent average alone. Linear genomic predictions had R(2) values similar to those from nonlinear predictions but averaged just 0.01 lower. The greatest benefits of genomic prediction were for fat percentage because of a known gene with a large effect. The R(2) values were converted to realized reliabilities by dividing by mean reliability of 2008 daughter deviations and then adding the difference between published and observed reliabilities of 2003 parent averages. When averaged across all traits, combined genomic predictions had realized reliabilities that were 23% greater than reliabilities of parent averages (50 vs. 27%), and gains in information were equivalent to 11 additional daughter records. Reliability increased more by doubling the number of bulls genotyped than the number of markers genotyped. Genomic prediction improves reliability by tracing the inheritance of genes even with small effects. C1 [VanRaden, P. M.; Van Tassell, C. P.; Wiggans, G. R.] USDA, ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Van Tassell, C. P.; Sonstegard, T. S.] USDA, Bovine Funct Genom Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Schnabel, R. D.; Taylor, J. F.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Schenkel, F. S.] Univ Guelph, Dept Anim & Poultry Sci, Ctr Genet Improvement Livestock, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. RP VanRaden, PM (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM paul.vanraden@ars.usda.gov OI Schnabel, Robert/0000-0001-5018-7641; Van Tassell, Curtis/0000-0002-8416-2087 FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [2006-35205-16888, 2006-3520516701]; National Association of Animal Breeders FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Grants 2006-35205-16888 and 2006-3520516701 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service and by the National Association of Animal Breeders. The authors thank the following Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory (Beltsville, MD) staff: M. E. Tooker, L. M. Walton, and J. H. Megonigal Jr. for performing many of the computations, and J. B. Cole for providing suggestions on manuscript improvement. Two anonymous reviewers also provided many helpful suggestions. NR 23 TC 484 Z9 494 U1 7 U2 80 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSOC-ADSA PI CHAMPAIGN PA 2441 VILLAGE GREEN PL, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61822 USA SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 92 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.3168/jds.2008-1514 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 387JN UT WOS:000261948600002 PM 19109259 ER PT J AU Selgrade, JF Bostic, JW Roberds, JH AF Selgrade, James F. Bostic, Jordan West Roberds, James H. TI Dynamical behaviour of a discrete selection-migration model with arbitrary dominance SO JOURNAL OF DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE natural selection; immigration; transgene; dominance; attractor ID MOSQUITO POPULATIONS AB To study the effects of immigration of genes (possibly transgenic) into a natural population, a one-island selection-migration model with density-dependent regulation is used to track allele frequency and population size. The existence and uniqueness of a polymorphic genetic equilibrium is proved under a general assumption about dominance in fitnesses. Also, conditions are found which guarantee the existence of and determine the location of the global attractor for this model. The rate at which solutions approach the attractor is approximated. A measure of allelic diversity is introduced. C1 [Selgrade, James F.; Bostic, Jordan West] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Selgrade, James F.] N Carolina State Univ, Biomath Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Roberds, James H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, So Res Stn, So Inst Forest Genet, Saucier, MS USA. RP Selgrade, JF (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Box 8205, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM selgrade@math.ncsu.edu; kjwest@ncsu.edu; jroberds@fs.fed.us NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1023-6198 J9 J DIFFER EQU APPL JI J. Differ. Equ. Appl. PY 2009 VL 15 IS 4 BP 371 EP 385 AR PII 910454513 DI 10.1080/10236190802400741 PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA 435HI UT WOS:000265334300003 ER PT J AU Donato, DC Fontaine, JB Robinson, WD Kauffman, JB Law, BE AF Donato, Daniel C. Fontaine, Joseph B. Robinson, W. Douglas Kauffman, J. Boone Law, Beverly E. TI Vegetation response to a short interval between high-severity wildfires in a mixed-evergreen forest SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Biscuit Fire; compound disturbance; conifer regeneration; fire interval; functional traits; mixed-severity fire regime; plant diversity; reburn; Silver Fire; shrub sprouting ID PLANT-COMMUNITIES; FIRE HISTORY; RECURRENT WILDFIRES; KLAMATH MOUNTAINS; DOUGLAS-FIR; CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE; HETEROGENEITY; POPULATIONS; PATTERNS AB 1. Variations in disturbance regime strongly influence ecosystem structure and function. A prominent form of such variation is when multiple high-severity wildfires occur in rapid succession (i.e. short-interval (SI) severe fires, or 're-burns'). These events have been proposed as key mechanisms altering successional rates and pathways. 2. We utilized a natural experiment afforded by two overlapping wildfires occurring within a 15-year interval in forests of the Klamath-Siskiyou Mountains, Oregon (USA). We tested for unique effects of a SI fire (15-year interval before 2002 fire) by comparing vegetation communities 2 years post-fire to those following a long-interval (LI) fire (> 100-year interval before 2002 fire) and in mature/old-growth (M/OG) stands (no high-severity fire in > 100-year). 3. Nearly all species found in M/OG stands were present at similar relative abundance in both the LI and SI burns, indicating high community persistence through multiple high-severity fires. However, the SI burn had the highest species richness and total plant cover with additions of disturbance-associated forbs and low shrubs, likely due to a propagule bank of early seral species that developed between fires. Persistence of flora was driven by vegetative sprouting, on-site seed banks, and dispersal from off-site seed sources. Several broadly generalizable plant functional traits (e.g. rapid maturation, long-lived seed banks) were strongly associated with the SI burn. 4. Sprouting capacity of hardwoods and shrubs was unaltered by recurrent fire, but hardwood/shrub biomass was lower in the SI burn because individuals were smaller before the second fire. Conifer regeneration densities were high in both the SI and LI burns (range = 298-6086 and 406-2349 trees ha(-1), respectively), reflecting similar availability of seed source and germination substrates. 5. Synthesis. SI severe fires are typically expected to be deleterious to forest flora and development; however, these results indicate that in systems characterized by highly variable natural disturbances (e.g. mixed-severity fire regime), native biota possess functional traits lending resilience to recurrent severe fire. Compound disturbance resulted in a distinct early seral assemblage (i.e. interval-dependent fire effects), thus contributing to the landscape heterogeneity inherent to mixed-severity fire regimes. Process-oriented ecosystem management incorporating variable natural disturbances, including 'extreme' events such as SI severe fires, would likely perpetuate a diversity of habitats and successional pathways on the landscape. C1 [Donato, Daniel C.; Law, Beverly E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kauffman, J. Boone] US Forest Serv, USDA, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Donato, DC (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Peavy Hall 154, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dan.donato@oregonstate.edu RI Fontaine, Joseph/M-9186-2013; OI Fontaine, Joseph/0000-0002-6515-7864; Law, Beverly/0000-0002-1605-1203 FU US Joint Fire Science Program and Department of Energy [DF-FG02104ER63917] FX Authors thank B. McCune, C. Eisenberg, D. Hibbs, D. Peterson, G. Meigs, G. Riegel, J. Campbell, J. Halofsky, J. Jones, J. Tappeiner, J. Thompson, L. Kayes and T. Atzet for helpful reviews and/or discussions. Two anonymous referees greatly improved the article. M. Huso and A. Gitelman provided statistical assistance and reviews. A. Pfleeger, D. Clay, J. Boerner, L. Reidlinger, R. Linden and S. Hamilton braved brush and poison oak with us to collect these data. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the US Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the US Government. This work was facilitated by the Siskiyou National Forest and Medford BLM. Funding was provided by the US Joint Fire Science Program and Department of Energy (DF-FG02104ER63917). NR 52 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 7 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-0477 J9 J ECOL JI J. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 97 IS 1 BP 142 EP 154 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2008.01456.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Ecology SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 383PB UT WOS:000261684400017 ER PT J AU Tillman, G Lamb, M Mullinix, B AF Tillman, Glynn Lamb, Marshall Mullinix, Benjamin, Jr. TI Pest Insects and Natural Enemies in Transitional Organic Cotton in Georgia SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE organic cotton; insect pests; natural enemies ID HELIOTHIS-VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; GREEN STINK BUG; TRAP CROP; F LEPIDOPTERA; PENTATOMIDAE; NOCTUIDAE; PREDATORS; HEMIPTERA; EGGS; AZADIRACHTIN AB This research was conducted in experimental plots in Georgia from 2004 through 2006 and assessed the prospects for transitioning to a totally organic management system for cotton. The seasonal abundance of insect pests and their natural enemies over the 3-yr transitional period are reported herein. The heliothines, Heliothis virescens (F) and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and stink bugs, mainly Nezara viridula (L.), Euschistus servus (Say), and Euschistus quadrator (Rolston), were the 2 groups of insect pests found on cotton. Heliothine larvae were observed each year of the study but, in general, infestations of heliothines were higher in 2004 than in the other 2 yrs. Stink bugs were observed in relatively high numbers, and the percent of cotton bolls damaged by these pests was high only during year 2 of the study. Over the 3-yr period, the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, various spiders, including Oxyopes scalaris Hentz and Peucetia viridans (Hentz), the big-eyed bug, Geocoris punctipes (Say), and the pirate bug, Orius insidiosus (Say), were the most abundant predators of the heliothines and stink bugs. The endoparasitoid Toxoneuron nigriceps Viereck and an ascovirus also contributed to larval mortality of H. virescens. The endoparasitoid Trichopoda pennipes (F) parasitized adults of N. viridula. C1 [Tillman, Glynn; Lamb, Marshall; Mullinix, Benjamin, Jr.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Tillman, G (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM Glynn.Tillman@ars.usda.gov NR 37 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 11 EP 23 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 429WQ UT WOS:000264951200002 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Ilan, DI Cottrell, TE Gardner, WA Leland, J Behles, RW AF Shapiro-Ilan, David I. Cottrell, Ted E. Gardner, Wayne. A. Leland, Jarrod Behles, Robert W. TI Laboratory Mortality and Mycosis of Adult Curculio caryae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Following Application of Metarhizium anisopliae in the Laboratory or Field SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE biological control; Beauveria bassiana; Curculio caryae; Metarhizium anisopliae; pecan weevil ID PECAN WEEVIL COLEOPTERA; ANOPLOPHORA-GLABRIPENNIS COLEOPTERA; BEAUVERIA-BASSIANA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES; MICROBIAL CONTROL; FIBER BANDS; CERAMBYCIDAE; FUNGI; BRONGNIARTII; VIRULENCE AB The pecan weevil. Curculio caryae (Horn), is a key pest of pecans. The entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsclinikoff) Sorokin are pathogenic to C. caryae. One approach to suppressing this pest may be to apply entomopathogenic fungi to adult C. caryae when they are emerging from the soil. However, thus far, laboratory screening Of fungal isolates has been focused mostly on virulence to larval C. caryae. and published field trials on adult control have focused on application of B. bassiana. Our objective was to determine the potential of M. anisopliae to control emerging C caryae adults. First, a laboratory test was conducted to compare 4 B. bassiana strains (Bb GA2, BbLA3, BbMS1. and GHA) and 3 M. anisopliae strains (F52, MaLA4. and MaLA7) for virulence to C. caryae adults. Virulence of the M. anisopliae strains was equal Or greater than B. bassiana strains. Subsequently, a commercially available M. anisopliae strain (F52) was tested under field conditions when applied as a narrow fiber band that was impregnated With fungus and wrapped around the tree trunk, and/or when applied directly to the soil. In 2005. we applied M. anisopliae as trunk bands with or without additional application to the soil in the same plots. In 2006, we applied trunk bands or soil applications in separate plots. For 15 d posttreatment. weevils were trapped and transported to the laboratory to record mortality and mycosis. In 2005, weevil emergence was extremely low and statistical analysis was only feasible 3d posttreatment (at which time no treatment differences were detected), and 15 d of posttreatment, at which time higher mortality and mycosis was observed in both the trunk band application and the trunk band + ground treatment compared with a nontreated control (and no difference between the two fungal treatments was detected). In 2006 overall average C. caryae mycosis was higher in trunk band and ground treatment compared with an untreated control, whereas average total mortality (from the fungus or other causes) was not different among treatments except at 8 d post treatment (in which only the band treatment was significantly greater than the control). It must be noted that our evaluation of efficacy was only an estimation of potential insect control (as opposed to actual field supression of C. caryae) because Our analysis was based on C. caryae mortality following transport to controlled environmental conditions. Nonetheless, our research indicates trial trunk band or ground applications of M. anisopliae may have potential to cause significant infection in C. caryae populations. C1 [Shapiro-Ilan, David I.; Cottrell, Ted E.; Gardner, Wayne. A.; Leland, Jarrod; Behles, Robert W.] USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. RP Shapiro-Ilan, DI (reprint author), USDA ARS, SE Fruit & Tree Nut Res Lab, Byron, GA 31008 USA. EM David.Shapiro@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-SARE [LS03-153] FX This article reports the results of research only. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement or recommendation for its use by USDA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 24 EP 36 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 429WQ UT WOS:000264951200003 ER PT J AU Myers, CT Krawczyk, G Agnell, AM AF Myers, Clayton T. Krawczyk, Grzegorz Agnell, Arthur M. TI Response of Tortricid Moths and Non-Target Insects to Pheromone Trap Color in Commercial Apple Orchards SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE pheromone trap; color; apple; obliquebanded leafroller; oriental fruit moth; tufted apple bud moth; codling moth; honeybees; muscoid flies ID FALL ARMYWORM LEPIDOPTERA; HYMENOPTERA AB Pheromone traps are a widely-used tool for monitoring pest activity in commercial apple orchards. Studies were conducted to evaluate delta-style traps painted with different colors (orange, red, yellow, green, blue, and white) for capture of obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), and oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), as well as nontarget muscoid flies (Diptera: Muscidae) and honeybees, Apis mellifera L. An additional study evaluated plastic, four-sided LepTrap (R) traps of various colors in comparison with a standard delta trap for capture of obliquebanded leafroller, oriental fruit moth, tufted apple bud moth (Platynota idaeusalis (Walker)), and codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.). Capture of obliquebanded leafroller and oriental fruit moth was not significantly affected by trap color. Capture of nontarget flies and honeybees tended to be higher in blue and white (both painted and unpainted) delta-style traps in New York apple orchards, although there was some variability in this response by orchard site. There were no differences in capture of 4 pest species in Pennsylvania between colored, plastic LepTrap (R) traps and standard unpainted white delta-style traps. Given the observed differences in nontarget capture and the improved efficiencies of finding traps placed within tree canopies, we recommend using yellow, red, or orange delta traps for monitoring of obliquebanded leafroller, oriental fruit moth, and tufted apple bud moth in apple production areas in the eastern United States. C1 [Myers, Clayton T.; Krawczyk, Grzegorz; Agnell, Arthur M.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Myers, CT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 45 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM cmyers20@hotmail.com NR 15 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 10 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 429WQ UT WOS:000264951200008 ER PT J AU Schultz, ME Fettig, CJ Borys, RR Burnside, RE AF Schultz, Mark E. Fettig, Christopher J. Borys, Robert R. Burnside, Roger E. TI Evaluation of Systemic Insecticides for Control of Elatobium abietinum (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Picea sitchensis in Southeast Alaska SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE spruce aphid; Sitka spruce; tree injections; acephate; imidacloprid C1 [Fettig, Christopher J.; Borys, Robert R.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Schultz, Mark E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Burnside, Roger E.] Dept Nat Resources, Forest Hlth Protect Program, Div Forestry, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. RP Fettig, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM cfettig@fs.fed.us NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 USA SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 78 EP 84 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 429WQ UT WOS:000264951200009 ER PT J AU Dungan, RS Dees, NH AF Dungan, Robert S. Dees, Nikki H. TI The characterization of total and leachable metals in foundry molding sands SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Beneficial use; Foundry; Metals; Molding sand; Leaching; SPLP; TCLP ID SOIL AB Waste molding sands from the foundry industry have been successfully used as a component in manufactured soils, bill concern over metal contamination must be addressed before many states will consider this beneficial Use. Since there is little data available on this topic, the purpose of this study was to characterize total and leachable metals front waste molding sands. A total elemental analysis for Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sb, V, and Zn was conducted on 36 clay-bonded and seven chemically bonded molding sands. Total metal concentrations in the molding sands were similar to those found in agricultural soils. The leaching of metals (i.e. Ag, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Sb, and Zn) was assessed via the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP), synthetic precipitation leaching procedure (SPLP), and ASTM water leach test. Based on the TCLP data, none of the 43 molding sands Would meet the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) characteristic for toxicity due to high Ag, As, Ba, Cd, Cr, and Pb. Compared to the TCLP results, the metal concentrations were generally lower in the SPLP and ASTM extracts, which is likely related to the buffering capacity of the extraction fluids. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Dungan, Robert S.] USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Dees, Nikki H.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Dungan, RS (reprint author), USDA ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793 N 3600 E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. EM robert.dungan@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 90 IS 1 BP 539 EP 548 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.12.004 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 380ZA UT WOS:000261503400054 PM 18194836 ER PT J AU Padgett, PE Parry, SD Bytnerowicz, A Heath, RL AF Padgett, Pamela E. Parry, Sally D. Bytnerowicz, Andrzej Heath, Robert L. TI Image analysis of epicuticular damage to foliage caused by dry deposition of the air pollutant nitric acid SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; WAX PRODUCTION; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; SPRUCE NEEDLES; NORWAY SPRUCE; CUTICULAR WAX; HNO3 VAPOR; FOREST; ULTRASTRUCTURE AB Nitric acid vapor is produced by the same photochemical processes that produce ozone. In the laboratory, concentrated nitric acid is a strong acid and a powerful oxidant. In the environment, where the concentrations are much lower, it is an innocuous source of plant nitrogen. As an air pollutant, which mode of action does dry deposition of nitric acid follow? We investigated the effects of dry deposition of nitric acid on the foliage of four tree species native to the western United States. A novel controlled environment, fumigation system enabled a four-week exposure at concentrations consistent with ambient diurnal patterns. Scanning electron microscopy and automated image analysis revealed changes in the epicuticular wax layer during fumigation. Exposure to nitric acid resulted in a reproducible suite of damage symptoms that increased with increasing dose. Each tree species tested exhibited a unique set of damage features, including cracks, lesions, and conformation changes to epicuticular crystallite structures. Dry deposition of atmospheric nitric acid caused substantial perturbation to the epicuticular surface of all four tree species investigated, consistent with the chemical oxidation of epicuticular waxes. Automated image analysis eliminated many biases that can trouble microscopy studies. Trade names and commercial enterprises or products are mentioned solely for information. No endorsements by the U. S. Department of Agriculture are implied. C1 [Padgett, Pamela E.; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej] USDA, Forest Serv, Riverside Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Parry, Sally D.; Heath, Robert L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Padgett, PE (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Riverside Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM ppadgett@fs.fed.us RI Bytnerowicz, Andrzej/A-8017-2013 FU USDA-NRI [970163] FX This work was funded by a grant from USDA-NRI (# 970163). We thank Dr Krassimir Bozhilov at the Electron Microscopy Facility, UCR, for his assistance and guidance in preparing samples for SEM; Dr George Riechers for the initial design of the fumigation system; Dr Kevin Percy, Canadian Forest Service, for initiating the preliminary studies that were the foundation of this work; and Laura Heraty for editorial assistance. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 63 EP 74 DI 10.1039/b804875d PG 12 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393KK UT WOS:000262372000008 PM 19137141 ER PT J AU Padgett, PE Cook, H Bytnerowicz, A Heath, RL AF Padgett, Pamela E. Cook, Hillary Bytnerowicz, Andrzej Heath, Robert L. TI Foliar loading and metabolic assimilation of dry deposited nitric acid air pollutants by trees SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID NITRATE REDUCTASE-ACTIVITY; SPRUCE PICEA-ABIES; PINE PINUS-STROBUS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; HNO3 VAPOR; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; SURROGATE SURFACES; RED SPRUCE; CANOPY; FOREST AB Dry deposition of nitric acid vapor (HNO(3)) is a major contributor to eutrophication of natural ecosystems. Although soil fertilization by nitrogen deposition is considered to be the primary pathway for changes in plant nutrient status and shifts in ecological structure, the aerial portion of plants offer many times the surface area in which to collect atmospheric HNO(3). As much as 60% of deposited nitrogen may be retained in the canopy and not land on the soil surface below. Although uptake and assimilation appears to contribute to retention, only a small percentage of dry deposition is recovered in assimilated N pools. To test the importance of biological activity on the process and measurements of dry deposition, we used controlled environmental chambers to compare deposition to living and freeze-dried foliage of four tree species using (15)N-labeled HNO(3). In living trees, assimilation was determined by (15)N incorporation into free amino acids and proteins in leaves and roots. From 10% to 60% of the retained HNO(3) was incorporated into the biologically active nitrogen pool. The remainder was bound to foliar surfaces in an insoluble form in either living or freeze-dried foliage. The importance of the boundary layer conditions emerged as a primary factor controlling dry deposition characteristics and measurements. Trade names and commercial enterprises or products are mentioned solely for information. No endorsements by the U. S. Department of Agriculture are implied. C1 [Padgett, Pamela E.; Cook, Hillary; Bytnerowicz, Andrzej] USDA, Forest Serv, Riverside Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Heath, Robert L.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Padgett, PE (reprint author), USDA, Forest Serv, Riverside Fire Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM ppadgett@fs.fed.us RI Bytnerowicz, Andrzej/A-8017-2013 FU USDA-NRI [970163] FX This work was funded by a grant from USDA-NRI (# 970163). We thank the Department of Botany and Plant Sciences at the University of California, for housing the CSTR system and thank Dr Mark Fenn for reviewing the manuscript. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 75 EP 84 DI 10.1039/b804338h PG 10 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 393KK UT WOS:000262372000009 PM 19137142 ER PT J AU Kim, HJ Sudduth, KA Hummel, JW AF Kim, Hak-Jin Sudduth, Kenneth A. Hummel, John W. TI Soil macronutrient sensing for precision agriculture SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Review ID ION-SELECTIVE ELECTRODE; FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; MULTIPLE-ELEMENT EXTRACTANT; INFRARED REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; PHOSPHATE-SENSITIVE ELECTRODE; NITRATE MONITORING-SYSTEM; MEMBRANE ELECTRODES; MIDINFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; INORGANIC-PHOSPHATE AB Accurate measurements of soil macronutrients (i.e., nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) are needed for efficient agricultural production, including site-specific crop management (SSCM), where fertilizer nutrient application rates are adjusted spatially based on local requirements. Rapid, non-destructive quantification of soil properties, including nutrient levels, has been possible with optical diffuse reflectance sensing. Another approach, electrochemical sensing based on ion-selective electrodes or ion-selective field effect transistors, has been recognized as useful in real-time analysis because of its simplicity, portability, rapid response, and ability to directly measure the analyte with a wide range of sensitivity. Current sensor developments and related technologies that are applicable to the measurement of soil macronutrients for SSCM are comprehensively reviewed. Examples of optical and electrochemical sensors applied in soil analyses are given, while advantages and obstacles to their adoption are discussed. It is proposed that on-the-go vehicle-based sensing systems have potential for efficiently and rapidly characterizing variability of soil macronutrients within a field. C1 [Kim, Hak-Jin] Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Bioind Machinery Engn, Miryang, Gyeongnam, South Korea. [Sudduth, Kenneth A.; Hummel, John W.] ARS, Cropping Syst & Water Qual Res Unit, USDA, Columbia, MO USA. RP Kim, HJ (reprint author), Pusan Natl Univ, Dept Bioind Machinery Engn, Miryang, Gyeongnam, South Korea. EM kimhj69@pusan.ac.kr; ken.sudduth@ars.usda.gov FU Pusan National University [2008-2010] FX HK acknowledges financial support from the Pusan National University Research Grant of 2008-2010. NR 134 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 45 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 10 BP 1810 EP 1824 DI 10.1039/b906634a PG 15 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 504DH UT WOS:000270593700011 PM 19809703 ER PT J AU Johnson, JF Bengston, DN Fan, DP AF Johnson, Jayne Fingerman Bengston, David N. Fan, David P. TI US Policy Response to the Wildfire Fuels Management Problem: An Analysis of the News Media Debate about the Healthy Forests Initiative and the Healthy Forests Restoration Act SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY & PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Healthy Forests Restoration Act; Healthy Forests Initiative; computer content analysis; wildfire policy; fuels reduction; news media ID FIRE POLICY; COMMUNITIES; STRATEGIES; SCIENCE AB The Healthy Forests Initiative (HFI) and Healthy Forests Restoration Act (HFRA) represent major policy and legislative responses to the wildfire fuels management problem in the USA. This study examined the nature and evolution of the news media discussion and debate about these policy initiatives. Computer content analysis was used to analyse favourable and unfavourable beliefs about HFI/HFRA expressed in about 2800 news stories and editorials published from August 1, 2002 through December 31, 2004. The most frequently mentioned favourable beliefs that emerged included the view that HFI/HFRA will (1) reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire, (2) protect people, communities, and property, and (3) cut red tape and speed up decision making processes. The most commonly expressed unfavourable beliefs included the view that HFI/HFRA (1) is an excuse to increase logging, (2) will weaken environmental protections, and (3) will reduce public input. Some evidence was found of a gradual shift in the media discussion to a more favourable view of HFI/HFRA over time. The Bush administration's framing of its HFI as essential for reducing dangerous levels of fuels in forests and lowering the risk of catastrophic wildfires slowly gained ground and became the dominant discourse, but mistrust was found to be an ongoing issue as the HFRA is implemented. C1 [Johnson, Jayne Fingerman] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Bengston, David N.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, MN USA. RP Johnson, JF (reprint author), 52 Black Spruce Trail, Grand Marais, MN 55604 USA. EM fing0006@umn.edu NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 12 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1523-908X EI 1522-7200 J9 J ENVIRON POL PLAN JI J. Environ. Pol. Plan. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 2 BP 129 EP 142 DI 10.1080/15239080902732547 PG 14 WC Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 452ST UT WOS:000266562200004 ER PT J AU Copeland, NS Sharratt, BS Wu, JQ Foltz, RB Dooley, JH AF Copeland, N. S. Sharratt, B. S. Wu, J. Q. Foltz, R. B. Dooley, J. H. TI A Wood-Strand Material for Wind Erosion Control: Effects on Total Sediment Loss, PM10 Vertical Flux, and PM10 Loss SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID COLUMBIA PLATEAU; AIR-POLLUTION; FUGITIVE DUST; ASIAN DUST; POLLUTANTS; QUALITY; TUNNEL; ASTHMA; SOILS AB Fugitive dust from eroding land poses risks to environmental quality and human health, and thus, is regulated nationally based on ambient air quality standards for particulate matter with mean aerodynamic diameter <= 10 mu m (PM10) established in the Clean Air Act. Agricultural straw has been widely used for rainfall-incluced erosion control; however, its performance for wind erosion mitigation has been less studied, in part because straw is mobile at moderate wind velocities. A wood-based long-strand material has been developed For rainfall-induced erosion control and has shown operation promise for control of wind-induced erosion and dust emissions from disturbed sites. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of both agricultural straw and wood-strand materials in controlling wind erosion and fugitive dust emissions under laboratory conditions. Wind tunnel tests were conducted to compare wood strands of several geometries to agricultural wheat straw and bare soil in terms of total sediment loss, PM10 vertical flux, and PM10 loss. Results indicate that the types of wood strands tested are stable at wind speeds of up to 18 m s(-1), while wheat straw is only stable at speeds of up to 6.5 m s(-1). Wood strands reduced total sediment loss and PM10 emissions by 90% as compared to bare soil across the range of wind speeds tested. Wheat straw did not reduce total sediment loss for the range of speeds tested, but did reduce PM10 emissions by 75% compared to a bare soil at wind speeds of up to 11 m s(-1). C1 [Copeland, N. S.; Foltz, R. B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Sharratt, B. S.] USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Wu, J. Q.] Washington State Univ, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dooley, J. H.] Forest Concepts LLC, Auburn, WA 98001 USA. RP Copeland, NS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. EM ncopeland@fs.fed.us FU Washington Technology Center; Forest Concepts; LLC; USDA CSREES Wind Erosion Air Quality Project; USDA FS Rocky Mountain Research Station FX The authors thank Bob Barry (USDA ARS) for technical assistance with the wind tunnel, Mandy Bush for assisting in data collection and laboratory analyses, and Forest Concepts, LLC, for providing the wood strands used in this study. This project was supported by Washington Technology Center, Forest Concepts, LLC, USDA CSREES Wind Erosion Air Quality Project, and the USDA FS Rocky Mountain Research Station. We also thank the three anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and comments which have improved the quality and clarity of this manuscript. NR 38 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 139 EP 148 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0115 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500016 PM 19141803 ER PT J AU Wang, HZ Gan, J Zhang, JB Xu, JM Yates, SR Wu, JJ Ye, QF AF Wang, H. Z. Gan, J. Zhang, J. B. Xu, J. M. Yates, S. R. Wu, J. J. Ye, Q. F. TI Kinetic Distribution of C-14-Metsulfuron-methyl Residues in Paddy Soils under Different Moisture Conditions SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID METSULFURON-METHYL; BOUND RESIDUES; SULFONYLUREA HERBICIDES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; SOLUTION RATIOS; ALKALINE SOIL; DEGRADATION; BEHAVIOR; SORPTION; CHLORSULFURON AB Rice paddy soils undergo several cycles of drying and wetting during a growing season. A laboratory Study was conducted to determine the effect of soil moisture conditions on the distribution and kinetics of extractable and bound residues of C-14-metsulfuron-methyl in six Chinese paddy soils during 84 d of incubation at 15 degrees C with moisture contents varying from 20 to 50% of the field water-holding capacity. The amount of extractable residues consistently increased and bound residues decreased with increasing soil moisture content. At the end of the incubation experiments, extractable residues and bound residues accounted for 34.5 to 84.4% and 11.6 to 53.3% of applied radioactivity in soils, respectively. Soil pH and soil microbial biomass carbon were the most predominant factors affecting the formation and relative distribution of herbicide residues between extractable and bound residue forms. In high-pH soils, bound residues decreased and extractable residues increased, suggesting an increased leaching risk for metsulfuronmethyl in alkaline soils. High precipitation rates, along with the common practice of liming in southeastern China, may lead to enhanced herbicide leaching as well as phytotoxicity to rotation plants and should be considered in overall pest management practices. C1 [Wang, H. Z.; Xu, J. M.; Wu, J. J.] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Soil & Water Resources & Environm Sci, Hangzhou 310029, Peoples R China. [Wang, H. Z.; Xu, J. M.; Wu, J. J.] Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Subtrop Soil & Plant Nutr, Hangzhou 310029, Peoples R China. [Wang, H. Z.; Gan, J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dep Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Wang, H. Z.; Yates, S. R.] USDA ARS, Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. [Zhang, J. B.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Soil Sci, State Key Lab Soil & Sustainable Agr, Nanjing 210008, Peoples R China. [Ye, Q. F.] Zhejiang Univ, Inst Nucl Agr Sci, Hangzhou 310029, Peoples R China. RP Xu, JM (reprint author), Zhejiang Univ, Inst Soil & Water Resources & Environm Sci, Hangzhou 310029, Peoples R China. EM jmxu@zju.edu.cn; scott.yates@ars.usda.gov RI Xu, Jianming/C-8752-2016 FU National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China [40425007]; National Basic Research Program of China [2005CB121104]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40701075, 40671092]; Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [Y306275] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of China (No. 40425007), the National Basic Research Program of China (2005CB121104), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40701075 and 40671092), and Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. Y306275). NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 20 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 164 EP 170 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0607 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500019 PM 19141806 ER PT J AU Hanrahan, LR Jokela, WE Knapp, JR AF Hanrahan, Laura R. Jokela, William E. Knapp, Joanne R. TI Dairy Diet Phosphorus and Rainfall Timing Effects on Runoff Phosphorus from Land-Applied Manure SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID AGRICULTURAL PHOSPHORUS; SURFACE WATERS; POULTRY LITTER; EXCRETION; NITROGEN; LOSSES; FRESH AB Surface-applied dairy manure can increase P concentrations in runoff, which may contribute to eurrophication of lakes and streams. The amount of dietary P fed to dairy cows (Bos taurus) and the timing of a rain event after manure application may further affect runoff P losses. The objective of this study was to examine dietary P supplementation effects on manure and runoff P concentrations from rain events Occurring at different time intervals after manure application. Manure from dairy, cows fed an unsupplemented low P diet (LP; 3.6 g P kg(-1)) or a diet supplemented With either an inorganic (HIP; 4.4 g P kg(-1)) or an organic (HOP; 4.6 g P kg(-1)) source was hand-applied onto soil-packed pans at 56 wet Mg ha(-1). Thirty min of runoff as collected from simulated rain events (30 mm h(-1)) 2, 5, or 9 d after manure application. Total P (TP) concentrations in runoff from HIP and HOP diet manure from the 2-d rain were 46 and 31% greater than that of the LP diet. Runoff P concentrations from high P diets were numerically higher than that of the LP diet at 5 and 9 d after application, but differences were significant only for dissolved reactive P (DRP) at 5 d. Large decreases in runoff TP (89%) and DRP (65%) concentrations occurred with delay of rainfall from 2 d until 5 d. The proportion of TP as DRP increased as the time between manure application and runoff increased. Results showed that reducing dietary P and extending the time between manure application and a rain event can significantly reduce concentrations of TP and DRP in runoff. C1 [Jokela, William E.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. [Hanrahan, Laura R.] VT Agcy Agr Food & Markets, Montpelier, VA USA. [Knapp, Joanne R.] Fox Hollow Consulting LLC, Columbus, OH USA. [Hanrahan, Laura R.; Jokela, William E.; Knapp, Joanne R.] Univ Vermont, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Burlington, VT USA. RP Jokela, WE (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. EM bill.jokela@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 212 EP 217 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0672 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500024 PM 19141811 ER PT J AU Brooks, JP Adeli, A Read, JJ McLaughlin, MR AF Brooks, John P. Adeli, Ardeshir Read, John J. McLaughlin, Michael R. TI Rainfall Simulation in Greenhouse Microcosms to Assess Bacterial-Associated Runoff from Land-Applied Poultry Litter SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID GRASS FILTER STRIPS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; RESISTANT BACTERIA; FECAL-COLIFORMS; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; SOIL; PHOSPHORUS; MANURE; CONTAMINATION AB Runoff water following a rain event is one possible source of environmental contamination after a manure application. This greenhouse study used a rainfall simulator to determine bacterial-associated runoff front troughs of common bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pets.] that were treated with P-based, N-based, and N plus lime rates of poultry (Gallus gallus) litter, recommended inorganic fertilizer, and control. Total heterotrophic plate count (HPC) bacteria, total and thermotolerant coliforms, enterococci, staphylococci, Clostridium perfringens, Salmonella, and Campylobacter, as well as antibiotic resistance profiles for the staphylococci and enterococci isolates were all monitored in runoff waters. Analysis following five rainfall events indicated that staphylococci, enterococci, and clostridia levels were related to manure application rate. Runoff release of staphylococci, enterococci and C perfringens were approximately 3 to 6 log,, greater in litter vs. control treatment. In addition, traditional indicators such as thermotolerant and total coliforms performed poorly as fecal indicators. Some isolated enterococci demonstrated increased antibiotic resistance to polymixin b and/or select aminoglyocosides, while many staphylococci were susceptible to most antimicrobials tested. Results indicated poultry litter application can lead to microbial runoff following simulated rain events. Future studies should focus on the use of staphylococci, enterococci, and C perfringens as indicators. C1 [Brooks, John P.; Adeli, Ardeshir; Read, John J.; McLaughlin, Michael R.] USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Brooks, JP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Waste Management & Forage Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM john.brooks@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 218 EP 229 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0029 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500025 PM 19141812 ER PT J AU Weston, DP Lentz, RD Cahn, MD Ogle, RS Rothert, AK Lydy, MJ AF Weston, Donald P. Lentz, Rodrick D. Cahn, Michael D. Ogle, R. Scott Rothert, Amanda K. Lydy, Michael J. TI Toxicity of Anionic Polyacrylamide Formulations when Used for Erosion Control in Agriculture SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID IRRIGATION WATER; FURROW EROSION; SOIL; FIELD; POLYMERS; RUNOFF; MOVEMENT; EFFICACY; QUALITY; FATE AB Addition of anionic polyacrylamide (PAM) to agricultural irrigation water can dramatically reduce erosion of soils. However, the toxicity of PAM to aquatic life, while often claimed to be low, has nor been thoroughly evaluated. Five PAM formulations, including two oil-based products, one water-based product, one granular product and one tablet product, were evaluated for acute and/or chronic toxicity to five species commonly used for freshwater toxicity testing [Hyalella azteca (Saussure), Chironomus dilutus (Shobanov er al.), Ceriodaphnia dubia (Richard), Pimepbales promelas (Rafinesque), and Selenastrum capricornutum (Printz)). When applied as an oil-based product, acute toxicity was seen to four of the five species at concentrations less than the 10 mg/L that is often used for erosion control. Toxicity was diminished, but still remained, after passage of the irrigation water across an agricultural field, indicating a potential impact to nearby surface waters. Results from the non-oil-based products indicated minimal toxicity associated with PAM even at concentrations 10 times chose used in agriculture when applied in the granular form, as a tablet, or in a water-based liquid. These data suggest that other agents in the oil-based products, such as surfactants or emulsifiers, rather than the PAM itself, contribute to the toxicity. Care is required in selecting an appropriate PAM formulation when the potential exists for entry of tail water to nearby surface waters. C1 [Weston, Donald P.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Lentz, Rodrick D.] USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. [Cahn, Michael D.] Univ Calif, Salinas, CA 93901 USA. [Ogle, R. Scott] Pacific EcoRisk, Fairfield, CA 94534 USA. [Rothert, Amanda K.; Lydy, Michael J.] So Illinois Univ, Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Ctr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Rothert, Amanda K.; Lydy, Michael J.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Weston, DP (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, 3060 Valley Life Sci Bldg, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dweston@berkeley.edu FU California State Water Resources Control Board FX This study was supported by California Proposition 40 and 50 funds provided through the California State Water Resources Control Board. NR 30 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 238 EP 247 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0109 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500027 PM 19141814 ER PT J AU Yates, SR AF Yates, S. R. TI Analytical Solution Describing Pesticide Volatilization from Soil Affected by a Change in Surface Condition SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID METHYL-BROMIDE; FIELD; TEMPERATURE; EMISSION; FILMS AB An analytical solution describing the fate and transport of pesticides applied to soils has been developed. Two pesticide application methods can be stimulated: point-source applications, such as idealized shank or a hot-gas injection method, and a more realistic shank-source application method that includes a vertical pesticide distribution in the soil domain due to a soil fracture caused by a shank. The solutions allow determination of the volatilization rate and other information that could be important for understanding fumigant movement and in the development of regulatory permitting conditions. The solutions can be used to characterize differences in emissions relative to changes in the soil degradation rate, Surface barrier conditions, application depth, and soil packing. In some cases, simple algebraic expressions are provided that can be used to obtain the total emissions and total soil degradation. The Solutions provide a consistent methodology for determining the total emissions and can be used with other information, Such as field and laboratory experimental data, to support the development of fumigant regulations. The uses of the models are illustrated by several examples. C1 USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Yates, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM scott.yates@ars.usda.gov FU California Strawberry Commission, Oxnard, CA [06-68390] FX The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this research article is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does nor constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of an), product or service to the exclusion of others that may be Suitable. Funding for this research was from Project No. 06-68390, California Strawberry Commission, Oxnard, CA NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0059 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500029 PM 19141816 ER PT J AU Kaiser, DE Mallarino, AP Haq, MU Allen, BL AF Kaiser, Daniel E. Mallarino, Antonio P. Haq, Mazhar U. Allen, Brett L. TI Runoff Phosphorus Loss Immediately after Poultry Manure Application as Influenced by the Application Rate and Tillage SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID WATER-EXTRACTABLE PHOSPHORUS; SOIL-PHOSPHORUS; BIOAVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS; AGRICULTURAL RUNOFF; FESCUEGRASS PLOTS; QUALITY; LITTER; RAINFALL; TRANSPORT; OXIDATION AB Excessive or N-based application of poultry manure for crops may result in significant risk of P loss with surface runoff. This Study assessed P loss immediately after poultry manure application to soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.) residue with and without tillage at eight Iowa fields. Manure from chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) or turkeys (Melleagris gollopavo) was applied at intended rates of 0, 84, or 168 kg total N ha(-1) (total P was 0, 21-63, 50-123 kg P ha(-1), respectively) with three replications. Simulated rainfall (76 mm h(-1)) was applied to 3-m(2) sections of larger field plots with 2 to 7% slope, usually within 2 d of application, to collect runoff during 30 min. Runoff was analyzed for concentrations of sediment, dissolved reactive P (DRPC), bioavailable P (BAPC), and total P (TPRC). Non-incorporated manure consistently increased (P <= 0.10) concentrations of all runoff P fractions in five sites, but there were increasing trends at all sites, and on average manure increased DPPC, BAPC, and TPRC 32, 23, and 12 times, respectively, over the control. Tillage to incorporate manure reduced DRPC, BAPC, and TPRC by 88, 89, and 77% on average, respectively, although in non-manured plots tillage seldom affected DRPC or BAPC and often increased TPRC. Tillage increased sediment concentration in runoff but not enough to offset the benefits of manure P incorporation. Runoff P loads generally followed trends of runoff P concentrations but were more variable, and significant treatment effects were less frequent. Overall, incorporation of manure by tillage was very effective at reducing P loss during runoff events shortly after poultry manure application under the conditions of this study. C1 [Mallarino, Antonio P.; Haq, Mazhar U.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Kaiser, Daniel E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Allen, Brett L.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. RP Mallarino, AP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM apmallar@iastate.edu NR 38 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 6 U2 26 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 299 EP 308 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0628 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500033 PM 19141820 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, MR Brooks, JP AF McLaughlin, Michael R. Brooks, John P. TI Recovery of Salmonella from Bermudagrass Exposed to Simulated Wastewater SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; SWINE EFFLUENT; ZOONOTIC AGENTS; SURVIVAL; SLURRY; MANURE; FIELD; FARM; BACTERIOPHAGES; TYPHIMURIUM AB Most confined swine (Sus scrofa) feeding operations in the Southeastern United States hold manure in lagoons and apply effluent on bermudagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pets.] as fertilizer. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (ex Kauffman and Edwards) Le Minor and Popoff, has been reported in Mississippi lagoons, but levels and potential for contamination of bermudagrass were unknown. A laboratory method was developed to examine Salmonella contamination of bermudagrass and levels of Salmonella were determined in lagoons. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) worst case water was used to simulate effluent in exposing bermudagrass to Salmonella. Exposed leaves were washed and bacteria enumerated. Contamination of leaves exposed to 10(6) cfu mL(-1) varied from 0 to 10(4) cfu per leaf within and among eight bermudagrass cultivars and five Salmonella isolates. No differences (P < 0.05) occurred between cultivars (n = 20) or isolates (n = 10). Data fitted (R(2) = 0.93) to a contamination equation (y = 5 x 10(-6)x(6.623)) described the relationship between levels (Log(10) cfu mL(-1)) of exposure (x) and contamination (y). In fall 2007 Salmonella levels from six lagoons ranged from 1.9 to 2.8 log(10) MPN 100 mL(-1) and were below the threshold for contamination predicted by the equation. These preliminary results must be tested with effluents in the field, but considered alongside work of others, which report lagoon Salmonella levels to be highest in fall, suggest that Salmonella levels in effluents from these lagoons may be too low to produce measurable contamination on bermudagrass. C1 [McLaughlin, Michael R.; Brooks, John P.] ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP McLaughlin, MR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, POB 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM mike.mclaughlin@ars.usda.gov NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 337 EP 342 DI 10.2134/jeq2008.0017 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500037 PM 19141824 ER PT J AU Zhang, RY Wu, FC He, ZQ Zheng, JA Song, BA Jin, LH AF Zhang, Runyu Wu, Fengchang He, Zhongqi Zheng, Jian Song, Baoan Jin, Linhong TI Phosphorus Composition in Sediments from Seven Different Trophic Lakes, China: A Phosphorus-31 NMR Study SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE-SPECTROSCOPY; ORGANIC PHOSPHORUS; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SOILS; FORMS; PHOSPHATES; RELEASE; BIOAVAILABILITY; POLYPHOSPHATE; EXTRACTANTS AB Information on the chemical composition of sediment phosphorus (P) is fundamental to understanding P dynamics and eutrophication in lake ecosystems. In this study, the surface (10 cm) sediments were collected from seven lakes representing two contrasting ecological areas in China: the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River region and the Southwestern China Plateau. Phosphorus in these sediments was extracted by NaOH-EDTA and characterized by solution (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results show that P in the extracts was dominated by inorganic orthophosphate (76.7-97.4% of the extracted P) and orthophosphate monoesters (1.8-14.3%), with smaller amounts of orthophosphate diesters (0.4-8.9%), pyrophosphate (0.1-0.7%), and phosphonates (0.1-0.2%). The relative abundance of orthophosphate was higher in hypertrophic and shallow lake sediments than in eutrophic and mesotrophic and deep lake sediments, whereas the relative abundance of orthophosphate monoesters was the opposite. These observations suggested that the relative abundance of the two types of P forms in sediments might be related to the degree of lake cutrophication. C1 [Zhang, Runyu; Wu, Fengchang] Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Inst Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Runyu] Chinese Acad Sci, Grad Sch, Beijing 100039, Peoples R China. [He, Zhongqi] USDA ARS, New England Plant Soil & Water Lab, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Zheng, Jian] Natl Inst Radiol Sci, Nakaminato Lab Marine Radioecol, Hitachinaka, Ibaraki 3111202, Japan. [Song, Baoan; Jin, Linhong] Guizhou Univ, Res & Dev Ctr Fine Chem, Guiyang 550003, Peoples R China. RP Wu, FC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Inst Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. EM wufengchang@vip.skleg.cn; zhongqi.he@ars.usda.gov RI Zheng, Jian/A-5195-2012; OI Zheng, Jian/0000-0003-0616-5570; He, Zhongqi/0000-0003-3507-5013 FU Chinese Academy of Sciences [kzcx2-yw-102]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40525011, 40632011]; International cooperation project of CAS FX This research was jointly supported by Chinese Academy of Sciences (kzcx2-yw-102), National Natural Science Foundation of China (40525011, 40632011) and International cooperation project of CAS. We acknowledge the assistance fro m the colleagues of the Chinese Research Academy, of Environment Sciences. Two anonymous reviewers are thanked for their constructive comments, which greatly improved the manuscript. NR 51 TC 31 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0047-2425 J9 J ENVIRON QUAL JI J. Environ. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 38 IS 1 BP 353 EP 359 DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0616 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 394WJ UT WOS:000262483500039 PM 19141826 ER PT J AU Black, S Thurston, JA Gerba, CP AF Black, Shamarie Thurston, Jeanette A. Gerba, Charles P. TI Determination of Ct values for chlorine of resistant enteroviruses SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Chlorine; Ct; coxsackievirus; echovirus; poliovirus; disinfection; drinking water ID INACTIVATION; WATER AB Information on the required chlorine dose or Ct value (concentration of free chlorine multiplied by contact time) is limited to only a few enteroviruses. In this study the Ct values of some of the reported more chlorine resistant enteroviruses were determined. The Efficiency Hom Model was used to predict the times for 2, 3. and 4 -log inactivation of echovirus 1 and 12, coxsackievirus B5 and poliovirus type 1 at pH 7.5 and 9 at 5C. Coxsackievirus B5 was the most resistant to chlorine with a Ct requirement of 11.5 mg min/L at pH 7.5 at 5C compared to polio with a Ct of 5.3 mg min/L under the same conditions. All the viruses were more resistant than polio 1 at pH 9.0. C1 [Black, Shamarie; Gerba, Charles P.] Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Thurston, Jeanette A.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Gerba, CP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM gerba@ag.arizona.edu NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PY 2009 VL 44 IS 4 BP 336 EP 339 AR PII 908388576 DI 10.1080/10934520802659653 PG 4 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 402LZ UT WOS:000263016500003 PM 19184699 ER PT J AU Ro, KS Johnson, MH Varma, RM Hashmonay, RA Hunt, P AF Ro, Kyoung S. Johnson, Melvin H. Varma, Ravi M. Hashmonay, Ram A. Hunt, Patrick TI Measurement of greenhouse gas emissions from agricultural sites using open-path optical remote sensing method SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Open-path tunable diode laser (OP-TDLAS); vertical radial plume mapping (VRPM); agricultural sites; greenhouse gas; methane ID FLUXES AB Improved characterization of distributed emission sources of greenhouse gases such as methane from concentrated animal feeding operations require more accurate methods. One promising method is recently used by the USEPA. It employs a vertical radial plume mapping (VRPM) algorithm using optical remote sensing techniques. We evaluated this method to estimate emission rates from simulated distributed methane sources. A scanning open-path tunable diode laser was used to collect path-integrated concentrations (PICs) along different optical paths on a vertical plane downwind of controlled methane releases. Each cycle consists of 3 ground-level PICs and 2 above ground PICs. Three- to 10-cycle moving averages were used to reconstruct mass equivalent concentration plum maps on the vertical plane. The VRPM algorithm estimated emission rates of methane along with meteorological and PIC data collected concomitantly under different atmospheric stability conditions. The derived emission rates compared well with actual released rates irrespective of atmospheric stability conditions. The maximum error was 22 percent when 3-cycle moving average PICs were used; however, it decreased to 11% when 10-cycle moving average PICs were used. Our validation results suggest that this new VRPM method may be used for improved estimations of greenhouse gas emission from a variety of agricultural sources. C1 [Ro, Kyoung S.; Johnson, Melvin H.; Hunt, Patrick] ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [Varma, Ravi M.] Natl Univ Ireland, Dept Phys, Cork, Ireland. [Hashmonay, Ram A.] ARCADIS Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ro, KS (reprint author), ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, USDA, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM Kyoung.Ro@ars.usda.gov RI Varma, Ravi/A-9640-2009 NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 17 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PY 2009 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1011 EP 1018 DI 10.1080/10934520902996963 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 482ZU UT WOS:000268931800009 PM 19827493 ER PT J AU Adcock, NJ Rice, EW Sivaganesan, M Brown, JD Stallknecht, DE Swayne, DE AF Adcock, Noreen J. Rice, Eugene W. Sivaganesan, Mano Brown, Justin D. Stallknecht, David E. Swayne, David E. TI The use of bacteriophages of the family Cystoviridae as surrogates for H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in persistence and inactivation studies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Bacteriophage; surrogate; avian influenza virus; H5N1; persistence; inactivation; water ID WATER AB Two bacteriophages, phi 6 and phi 8, were investigated as potential surrogates for H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in persistence and chlorine inactivation studies in water. In the persistence studies, phi 6 and phi 8 remained infectious at least as long as the H5N1 viruses at both 17 and 28 degrees C in fresh water, but results varied in salinated water. The bacteriophage phi 6 also exhibited a slightly higher chlorine resistance than that of the H5N1 viruses. Based upon these findings, the bacteriophages may have potential for use as surrogates in persistence and inactivation studies in fresh water. C1 [Adcock, Noreen J.; Rice, Eugene W.; Sivaganesan, Mano] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Brown, Justin D.; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Swayne, David E.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Adcock, NJ (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. EM adcock.noreen@epa.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1093-4529 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng. PY 2009 VL 44 IS 13 BP 1362 EP 1366 DI 10.1080/10934520903217054 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 517JW UT WOS:000271610600006 PM 20183493 ER PT J AU Sakaliene, O Koskinen, WC Blazauskiene, G Petroviene, I AF Sakaliene, Ona Koskinen, William C. Blazauskiene, Gintare Petroviene, Irena TI Level and fate of chlorpropham in potatoes during storage and processing SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Chlorpropham; potatoes; dissipation; storage conditions ID POSTHARVEST-TREATED POTATOES; PESTICIDE-RESIDUES; STORED POTATOES; CIPC; THIABENDAZOLE; VEGETABLES; ORIGIN; FRUIT AB Chlorpropham (isopropyl 3-chlorocarbanilate) is a pesticide used to control sprouting of potatoes during long-term storage. The objective of the present study was to establish the total chlorpropham residue balance (residues in unwashed and washed whole tubers, peeled tubers, peels, boiled and pureed tubers, and washing and cooking waters) for two potato varieties after uniform application as a function of storage time under different typical storage conditions (in a basement, storehouse, and refrigerator) in Lithuania. Chlorpropham concentration on washed and unwashed tubers decreased from similar to 15 mg kg(-1) after storage for 28 d to similar to 9 mg kg(-1) after storage for 85 d. Peel concentrations decreased from similar to 50 mg kg(-1) at 5 d after treatment to similar to 20 mg kg(-1) at 85 d after treatment. The average concentration in the two varieties of peeled tubers in the three storage facilities was 1 mg kg(-1). Chlorpropham concentrations in the wash water decreased from 3.5 to 1.0 mg L(-1) when the storage time increased from 28 to 85 d. The cooking water concentration similarly decreased, from >0.2 mg L(-1) at 28 d after treatment to >0.1 mg L(-1) at 85 d after treatment. The results of this study show that chlorpropham concentrations in tubers under these typical conditions were below the recently revised levels that are acceptable for residues in whole potatoes (30 mg kg(-1)) and peels (40 mg kg(-1)). Also, despite fluctuating conditions during storage, chlorpropham treated tubers did not sprout, as compared to untreated tubers, which sprouted. C1 [Sakaliene, Ona; Blazauskiene, Gintare; Petroviene, Irena] Lithuanian Inst Agr, Vilnius, Lithuania. [Koskinen, William C.] USDA ARS, St Paul, MN USA. RP Sakaliene, O (reprint author), Pylimo 35-14, LT-01141 Vilnius, Lithuania. EM ona.sakaliene@gmail.com NR 22 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 16 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1080/03601230802519470 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 384SX UT WOS:000261765600001 PM 19089708 ER PT J AU Antonious, GF Berke, T Jarret, RL AF Antonious, George F. Berke, Terry Jarret, Robert L. TI Pungency in Capsicum chinense: Variation among countries of origin SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Hot peppers; phytochemicals; capsaicin; dihydrocapsaicin; gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection (GC-NPD) ID ANTIOXIDANTS; CAPSAICIN; PEPPER AB Fruits of 63 accessions of Capsicum chinense Jacq. from the USDA/ARS Capsicum germplasm collection were analyzed for two major capsaicinoids, capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin, using gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection (GC/NPD). The objectives of the present investigation were: (i) to quantify the major capsaicinoids (capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin) in fruits of Capsicum chinense accessions and (ii) to identify accessions containing great concentrations of capsaicinoids among countries of hot pepper origin. Seeds of C. chinense accessions received from Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and United States were field grown in a silty-loam soil. Mature fruits were analyzed for major capsaicinoids content. Capsaicin concentrations were generally greater than dihydrocapsaicin. Fruits of C. chinense accession PI640900 (USA) contained the greatest concentration of capsaicin (1.52 mg g- 1 fruit) and dihydrocapsaicin (1.16 mg g- 1 fruit), while total major capsaicinoids in the fruits of PI438648 (Mexico) averaged 2 mg g- 1 fruit. These two accessions were identified as potential candidates for mass production of major capsaicinoids that have health-promoting properties and for use as a source of pest control agents in agricultural fields. C1 [Antonious, George F.] Kentucky State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Land Grant Program, Atwood Res Ctr 218, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Berke, Terry] Seminis Seed Co, Woodland, CA USA. [Jarret, Robert L.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA USA. RP Antonious, GF (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Land Grant Program, Atwood Res Ctr 218, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. EM george.antonious@kysu.edu FU USDA/CSREES [KYX-2004-15102, KYX-10-08-43P] FX We thank Jami Rogers and Yoon Hu for their assistance in preparing hot pepper crude extracts. This investigation was supported by two grants from USDA/CSREES to Kentucky State University under agreements No. KYX-2004-15102 and No. KYX-10-08-43P. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 2 BP 179 EP 184 AR PII 907458884 DI 10.1080/03601230802599118 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 392IJ UT WOS:000262296100010 PM 19130376 ER PT J AU Paramasivam, S Jayaraman, K Wilson, TC Alva, AK Kelson, L Jones, LB AF Paramasivam, S. Jayaraman, K. Wilson, Takela C. Alva, Ashok K. Kelson, Luma Jones, Leandra B. TI Ammonia volatilization loss from surface applied livestock manure SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Ammonia volatilization; diurnal pattern; livestock manure; poultry litter; soil type; swine manure ID CITRUS PRODUCTION; CATTLE FEEDLOT; POULTRY LITTER; SANDY SOILS; PIG SLURRY; NITROGEN; MANAGEMENT; EMISSIONS; FIELD; TEMPERATURE AB Ammonia (NH3) emission from livestock manures used in agriculture reduces N uptake by crops and negatively impacts air quality. This laboratory study was conducted to evaluate NH3emission from different livestock manures applied to two soils: Candler fins sand (CFS; light-textured soil, pH 6.8 and field capacity soil water content of 70 g kg- 1) from Lake Alfred, Florida and Ogeechee loamy sand (OLS; medium-textured soil, pH 5.2 and field capacity soil water content of 140 g kg- 1) from Savannah, Georgia. Poultry litter (PL) collected from a poultry farm near Douglas, Georgia, and fresh solid separate of swine manure (SM) collected from a farm near Clinton, North Carolina were used. Each of the soil was weighed in 100 g sub samples and amended with either PL or SM at rates equivalent to either 0, 2.24, 5.60, 11.20, or 22.40 Mg ha- 1 in 1L Mason jars and incubated in the laboratory at field capacity soil water content for 19 days to monitor NH3 volatilization. Results indicated a greater NH3 loss from soils amended with SM compared to that with PL. The cumulative NH3volatilization loss over 19 days ranged from 4 to 27% and 14 to 32% of total N applied as PL and SM, respectively. Volatilization of NH3 was greater from light-textured CFS than that from medium-textured OLS. Volatilization loss increased with increasing rates of manure application. Ammonia volatilization was lower at night time than that during the day time. Differences in major factors such as soil water content, temperature, soil type and live stock manure type influenced the diurnal variation in volatilization loss of NH3 from soils. A significant portion ( 50%) of cumulative NH3 emission over 19 d occurred during the first 5-7 d following the application of livestock manures. Results of this study demonstrate that application of low rates of livestock manure ( 5.60 Mg ha- 1) is recommended to minimize NH3 emissions. C1 [Paramasivam, S.; Wilson, Takela C.; Kelson, Luma; Jones, Leandra B.] Savannah State Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Environm Sci Program, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. [Jayaraman, K.] Savannah State Univ, Dept Engn Technol, Environm Engn Program, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. [Alva, Ashok K.] ARS, USDA, Pacific W Area, Vegetable & Forage Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA USA. RP Paramasivam, S (reprint author), Savannah State Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, Environm Sci Program, Savannah, GA 31404 USA. EM siva@savstate.edu FU Peach State Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (PSLSAMP); Minority Access to Graduate Education and Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (MAGEC-STEM) FX Authors appreciate the financial support for this study through Peach State Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (PSLSAMP) and Minority Access to Graduate Education and Careers in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (MAGEC-STEM) programs supported by the National Science Foundation. We appreciate the assistance of Drs. Kenneth Sajwan, Ariel Szogi, and Yogasundaram for supplying livestock manures and Mr. William Boge for NH4-N analysis through FIA. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 22 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 3 BP 317 EP 324 AR PII 909438965 DI 10.1080/03601230902728484 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 417XV UT WOS:000264112700016 PM 19280486 ER PT J AU Kim, WK Weeks, LJ Anderson, RC Nisbet, DJ Dunkley, K Ricke, SC AF Kim, W. K. Weeks, L. J. Anderson, R. C. Nisbet, D. J. Dunkley, K. Ricke, S. C. TI Effects of nitrocompounds on uric acid-utilizing microorganisms, nitrogen retention, and microbial community in laying hen manure SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Nitrocompound; manure; uric acid-utilizing microorganism; denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis ID GRADIENT GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; IN-VITRO; SELECT NITROCOMPOUNDS; POULTRY MANURE; 2-NITROPROPANOL; PERFORMANCE; AMMONIA; GROWTH AB A study was conducted to evaluate effects of nitrocompounds on growth of uric acid-utilizing microorganisms, nitrogen retention, and microbial community in laying hen manure. There were three treatments: control, 100 mM nitropropanol (NPL), and 100 mM nitropropionic acid (NPC). The mixed laying hen manure was divided into 3 groups and incubated at 23C for 7 days. On Days 0, 3, and 7, samples were collected to measure the quantity of uric acid-utilizing microorganisms, total nitrogen retention, and microbial community changes. Both nitrocompounds significantly reduced growth of the uric acid-utilizing microorganisms on Day 3 (P 0.05). Inhibitory effects of both nitrocompounds remained until Day 7 when the experiment was terminated. NPL treatment retained significantly more manure nitrogen compared to the control on both Days 3 and 7. Manure nitrogen levels of NPC treatment were also significantly higher than the control on Day 7. We further investigated the effects of NPL and NPC on microbial community changes during a 7-day incubation. NPC treatment and control on Day 7 exhibited 94% community similarity. NPC on Day 3 and NPL on Day 7 also showed high community similarity (approximately 94%). Control on Day 0 and Day 7 yielded less than 80% community similarity. Control and NPL treatment groups on Day 3 gave the lowest community similarity (approximately 64%) compared to the other groups. This result indicated that incubation time and treatment moderately influenced microbial community changes. In summary, these results indicate that both nitrocompounds increased manure nitrogen retention by inhibiting the growth of uric acid-utilizing microorganisms, and that NPL and NPC could be used as manure treatments in order to reduce ammonia volatilization and nitrogen retention in poultry manure. Moreover, nitrocompounds may have potential as feed additives to reduce ammonia volatilization. C1 [Ricke, S. C.] Univ Arkansas, Ctr Food Safety, IFSE, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. [Kim, W. K.; Weeks, L. J.; Dunkley, K.; Ricke, S. C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Anderson, R. C.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. [Kim, W. K.; Nisbet, D. J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Dunkley, K.] Albany State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Albany, GA USA. RP Ricke, SC (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Ctr Food Safety, IFSE, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. EM sricke@uark.edu NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 4 BP 403 EP 406 AR PII 910402034 DI 10.1080/03601230902801133 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 435HL UT WOS:000265334700012 PM 19365758 ER PT J AU Beier, RC Anderson, RC Krueger, NA Edrington, TS Callaway, TR Nisbet, DJ AF Beier, Ross C. Anderson, Robin C. Krueger, Nathan A. Edrington, Thomas S. Callaway, Todd R. Nisbet, David J. TI Effect of nitroethane and nitroethanol on the production of indole and 3-methylindole (skatole) from bacteria in swine feces by gas chromatography SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Boar taint; fecal bacteria; indole; metabolism; nitroethane; nitroethanol; pulmonary edema; skatole; swine feces; tryptophan ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PIG FECAL BACTERIA; PULMONARY-EDEMA; LACTOBACILLUS SP; BOAR TAINT; OLFACTORY EPITHELIUM; METABOLIC-ACTIVATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MIXED POPULATIONS; SPECIAL EMPHASIS AB Indole and 3-methylindole (skatole) are odor pollutants in livestock waste, and skatole is a major component of boar taint. Skatole causes pulmonary edema and emphysema in ruminants and causes damage to lung Clara cells in animals and humans. A gas chromatographic method that originally used a nitrogen-phosphorus detector to increase sensitivity was modified resulting in an improved flame ionization detection response for indole and skatole of 236% and 207%, respectively. The improved method eliminates the large amount of indole decomposition in the injector. A 10 mu g mL(-1) spike of indole and skatole in water and swine fecal slurries resulted in recovery of 78.5% and 96% in water and 76.1% and 85.8% in fecal slurries, respectively. The effect of the addition of nitroethane and nitroethanol at 21.8 mM in swine fecal slurries was studied on the microbial production of indole and skatole. Nitroethane and nitroethanol decreased the production of skatole in swine fecal slurries at 24 h. The nitroethane effect on L-tryptophan-supplemented fecal slurries after 6 and 24 h incubation resulted in a decrease of 69.0% (P = 0.02) and 23.5% skatole production, respectively, and a decrease of 14.9% indole at 6 h, but an increase in indole production of 81.1% at 24 h. C1 [Beier, Ross C.; Anderson, Robin C.; Krueger, Nathan A.; Edrington, Thomas S.; Callaway, Todd R.; Nisbet, David J.] ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Beier, RC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM ross.beier@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service FX We thank Jackie Kotzur for technical assistance. This work was funded by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. NR 72 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 6 BP 613 EP 620 DI 10.1080/03601230903000701 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535VX UT WOS:000273001100015 PM 20183070 ER PT J AU Antonious, GF Lobel, L Kochhar, T Berke, T Jarret, RL AF Antonious, George F. Lobel, Lauren Kochhar, Tejinder Berke, Terry Jarret, Robert L. TI Antioxidants in Capsicum chinense: Variation among countries of origin SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Phytochemicals; beta-carotene; ascorbic acid; capsaicin; total phenols ID HEALTH; CAROTENOIDS; PUNGENCY; PHENOLS; LEAVES AB The main objective of this investigation was to evaluate fruits of C. chinense accessions for their concentration of beta-carotene, ascorbic acid, and phenols for use as parents in breeding for these phytochemicals. Mature fruits of 63 accessions of C. chinense originally acquired from Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Puerto Rico, and the United States were analyzed for their chemical composition. Fruits of C. chinense accessions PI-152452 (Brazil) and PI-360726 (Ecuador) contained the greatest concentrations of ascorbic acid (1.2 and 1.1 mg g(-1) fresh fruit, respectively), while PI-438648 (Mexico) contained the greatest concentration of total phenols content (349 mu g g(-1) fresh fruit) among the other 63 accessions tested. Accession PI-355817 from Ecuador contained the greatest concentrations of beta-carotene (8 mg g(-1) fresh fruit). These accessions were identified as potential candidates for mass production of antioxidants with health-promoting properties. C1 [Antonious, George F.; Lobel, Lauren] Kentucky State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Land Grant Program, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Kochhar, Tejinder] Kentucky State Univ, Dept Biol, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Berke, Terry] Seminis Seed Co, Woodland, CA USA. [Jarret, Robert L.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Resources Conservat Unit, Griffin, GA USA. RP Antonious, GF (reprint author), Kentucky State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Land Grant Program, 218 Atwood Res Ctr,400 E Main St, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. EM george.antonious@kysu.edu FU United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA/CSREES) [KYX-10-08-43P]; Kentucky-West Virginia Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (KY-WVA LSAMP) Program to Kentucky State University FX We thank Jami Rogers and Yoon Hu for their assistance in preparing hot pepper extracts. This investigation was supported by grant No.KYX-10-08-43P from United States Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA/CSREES) and grant from Kentucky-West Virginia Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (KY-WVA LSAMP) Program to Kentucky State University. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 6 BP 621 EP 626 DI 10.1080/03601230903000727 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535VX UT WOS:000273001100016 PM 20183071 ER PT J AU Ahmad, AA Fares, A Paramasivam, S Elrashidi, MA Savabi, RM AF Ahmad, Amjad A. Fares, Ali Paramasivam, Sivapatham Elrashidi, Moustafa A. Savabi, Reza M. TI Biomass and nutrient concentration of sweet corn roots and shoots under organic amendments application SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART B-PESTICIDES FOOD CONTAMINANTS AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES LA English DT Article DE Animal manure; macro- and micro-nutrient contents; nutrient uptake; sweet corn growth ID NITROGEN; SOIL; MANURE; SLURRY; MAIZE; YIELD; ACCUMULATION; MANAGEMENT; WEATHER; GROWTH AB Two field experiments were conducted at the Waimanalo research station on the island of O'ahu, Hawaii to study the effect of chicken (CM) and dairy (DM) manures on biomass and nutrient concentration in sweet corn roots and shoots. Sweet corn (super sweet 10, Zea Mays L. subsp. mays) was grown for two consecutive growing seasons under four rates of application (0, 168, 337, and 672 kg ha(-1) total N equivalent) and one time (OTA) or two time (TTA) applications of organic manure types and rates. There were significant effects of types, rates, and number of manure applications on dry biomass and macro- and micro-nutrient concentration in roots and shoots tissues. Results of root tissue indicated a significant accumulation of N and C under CM and DM treatments compared with the control treatment. Manure application rates significantly increased the accumulation of N and C in root tissue. Dry weight of roots and shoots and both macro- and micro-nutrient contents in the plant tissues significantly increased under TTA treatment compared with OTA treatment. There was a significant correlation (r(2) = 0.46 to 0.81) between root biomass, macro-, and micro-nutrient contents during both growing seasons. The results of the study indicates that amending soils with CM at the highest application rate provided the best crop performance in terms of root and shoot biomass, crop N, C, and other macro- and micro-nutrients. C1 [Ahmad, Amjad A.; Fares, Ali] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Paramasivam, Sivapatham] Savannah State Univ, Coll Sci & Technol, Savannah, GA USA. [Elrashidi, Moustafa A.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv USDA NRCS, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, N Lincoln, NE USA. [Savabi, Reza M.] ARS, USDA, Subtrop Hort Res Stn, Miami, FL USA. RP Fares, A (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM AFares@hawaii.edu NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0360-1234 EI 1532-4109 J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL B JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part B-Pestic. Contam. Agric. Wastes PY 2009 VL 44 IS 7 BP 742 EP 754 DI 10.1080/03601230903163921 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 535VY UT WOS:000273001200014 PM 20183085 ER PT J AU Santin, M Fayer, R AF Santin, Monica Fayer, Ronald TI Enterocytozoon bieneusi Genotype Nomenclature Based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer Sequence: A Consensus SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE terminology; microsporidia; genotyping ID VIRUS-INFECTED PATIENTS; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; FECAL SAMPLES; STOOL SAMPLES; DAIRY-CATTLE; MICROSPORIDIOSIS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; STRAINS AB The standard method for determining the genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi is based on the DNA sequence of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene. There are 81 genotypes with 111 genotype names: 26 genotypes have been identified exclusively in humans, eight have been identified in humans and in other hosts, 27 have been identified exclusively in cattle and pigs, six have been identified exclusively in cats and dogs, and 14 have been identified in miscellaneous hosts. Because none of these genotypes has taxonomic status and therefore do not adhere to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature regarding naming, some genotypes have received multiple names, each different and in separate publications by different authors. Because of the proliferation of genotypes with overlapping names and multiple hosts the scientific literature has become confusing and difficult to efficiently utilize. To reduce confusion and provide guidance for future publications we tabulated all names, GenBank accession numbers, and author citations and propose that the first published name has precedence and should become the primary name used in all subsequent publications in which genotyping is based on ITS sequencing. In those publications the names and GenBank numbers that were submitted at later dates should also be provided by the authors as synonyms to aid readers and reviewers. C1 [Santin, Monica; Fayer, Ronald] ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), ARS, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, USDA, 10-300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ronald.fayer@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 92 Z9 96 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1066-5234 J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 34 EP 38 DI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00380.x PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 415QE UT WOS:000263948600005 PM 19335772 ER PT J AU Mathieu, S Cin, VD Fei, ZJ Li, H Bliss, P Taylor, MG Klee, HJ Tieman, DM AF Mathieu, Sandrine Cin, Valeriano Dal Fei, Zhangjun Li, Hua Bliss, Peter Taylor, Mark G. Klee, Harry J. Tieman, Denise M. TI Flavour compounds in tomato fruits: identification of loci and potential pathways affecting volatile composition SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Apocarotenoids; flavour; metabolism; quantitative trait loci; Solanum lycopersicum ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ZEA-MAYS; ACID; METHYLTRANSFERASES; BIOSYNTHESIS; ENZYME; LEAVES; GENES; AROMA; 2-PHENYLETHANOL AB The unique flavour of a tomato fruit is the sum of a complex interaction among sugars, acids, and a large set of volatile compounds. While it is generally acknowledged that the flavour of commercially produced tomatoes is inferior, the biochemical and genetic complexity of the trait has made breeding for improved flavour extremely difficult. The volatiles, in particular, present a major challenge for flavour improvement, being generated from a diverse set of lipid, amino acid, and carotenoid precursors. Very few genes controlling their biosynthesis have been identified. New quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that affect the volatile emissions of red-ripe fruits are described here. A population of introgression lines derived from a cross between the cultivated tomato Solanum lycopersicum and its wild relative, S. habrochaites, was characterized over multiple seasons and locations. A total of 30 QTLs affecting the emission of one or more volatiles were mapped. The data from this mapping project, combined with previously collected data on an IL population derived from a cross between S. lycopersicum and S. pennellii populations, were used to construct a correlational database. A metabolite tree derived from these data provides new insights into the pathways for the synthesis of several of these volatiles. One QTL is a novel locus affecting fruit carotenoid content on chromosome 2. Volatile emissions from this and other lines indicate that the linear and cyclic apocarotenoid volatiles are probably derived from separate carotenoid pools. C1 [Mathieu, Sandrine; Cin, Valeriano Dal; Bliss, Peter; Taylor, Mark G.; Klee, Harry J.; Tieman, Denise M.] Univ Florida, Plant Mol & Cellular Biol Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] Cornell Univ, Boyce Thompson Inst, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Fei, Zhangjun] USDA, Robert Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Li, Hua] Stowers Inst Med Res, Bioinformat Ctr, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. RP Klee, HJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Plant Mol & Cellular Biol Program, POB 110690, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM hjklee@ifas.ufl.edu RI Klee, Harry/A-7912-2008 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0501778] FX This work was supported in part by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station, the Lyle Dickman family, and a grant to HK and ZF from the National Science Foundation (DBI-0501778). We gratefully acknowledge the help provided by Dawn Bies, Tomika Briscoe, Marcie Kindle, Tiffany Lester, Isaac Mickens, and Thelma Madzima in harvesting and processing the fruits used in these experiments. NR 44 TC 78 Z9 83 U1 10 U2 47 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 60 IS 1 BP 325 EP 337 DI 10.1093/jxb/ern294 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 408BP UT WOS:000263408600029 PM 19088332 ER PT J AU Ristic, Z Momcilovic, I Bukovnik, U Prasad, PVV Fu, JM DeRidder, BP Elthon, TE Mladenov, N AF Ristic, Zoran Momcilovic, Ivana Bukovnik, Urska Prasad, P. V. Vara Fu, Jianming DeRidder, Benjamin P. Elthon, Thomas E. Mladenov, Novica TI Rubisco activase and wheat productivity under heat-stress conditions SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Heat stress; heat tolerance; Rubisco activase; wheat productivity ID CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE ACTIVASE; SYNTHESIS ELONGATION-FACTOR; HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRESS; 2 ISOFORMS; EF-TU; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NICOTIANA-TABACUM; ENDOGENOUS LEVELS; BINDING DOMAIN; ABSCISIC-ACID AB Rubisco activase (RCA) constrains the photosynthetic potential of plants at high temperatures (heat stress). Endogenous levels of RCA could serve as an important determinant of plant productivity under heat-stress conditions. Thus, in this study, the possible relationship between expression levels of RCA and plant yield in 11 European cultivars of winter wheat following prolonged exposure to heat stress was investigated. In addition, the effect of a short-term heat stress on RCA expression in four genotypes of wheat, five genotypes of maize, and one genotype of Arabidopsis thaliana was examined. Immunoblots prepared from leaf protein extracts from control plants showed three RCA cross-reacting bands in wheat and two RCA cross-reacting bands in maize and Arabidopsis. The molecular mass of the observed bands was in the range between 40 kDa and 46 kDa. Heat stress affected RCA expression in a few genotypes of wheat and maize but not in Arabidopsis. In wheat, heat stress slightly modulated the relative amounts of RCA in some cultivars. In maize, heat stress did not seem to affect the existing RCA isoforms (40 kDa and 43 kDa) but induced the accumulation of a new putative RCA of 45-46 kDa. The new putative 45-46 kDa RCA was not seen in a genotype of maize (ZPL 389) that has been shown to display an exceptional sensitivity to heat stress. A significant, positive, linear correlation was found between the expression of wheat 45-46 kDa RCA and plant productivity under heat-stress conditions. Results support the hypothesis that endogenous levels of RCA could play an important role in plant productivity under supraoptimal temperature conditions. C1 [Ristic, Zoran] Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Momcilovic, Ivana; Bukovnik, Urska; Prasad, P. V. Vara; Fu, Jianming] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [DeRidder, Benjamin P.] Grinnell Coll, Dept Biol, Grinnell, IA 50112 USA. [Elthon, Thomas E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Ctr Biotechnol, Plant Sci Initiat, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Elthon, Thomas E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Mladenov, Novica] Inst Field & Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia. RP Ristic, Z (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, 4008 Throckmorton Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM zoran.ristic@ars.usda.gov RI Mason, Richard/F-9865-2010; Prasad, P.V. Vara/B-3835-2012 OI Prasad, P.V. Vara/0000-0001-6632-3361 FU Washington State University; Kansas Agricultural Experimental Station [09246]; United States Department of Agriculture FX The authors are thankful to Dr Tom Cheesbrough, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD; Dr Arnit Dhingra, Washington State University, Pullman, WA; and Dr Mark West, USDA-ARS, Forth Collins, CO, for critical reading of the manuscript. This publication is contribution no. 09246-J from the Kansas Agricultural Experimental Station. Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the United States Department of Agriculture, and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products which may also be suitable. NR 44 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PY 2009 VL 60 IS 14 BP 4003 EP 4014 DI 10.1093/jxb/erp241 PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 508DC UT WOS:000270906800004 PM 19671572 ER PT J AU Santos, AM Oliver, MJ Sanchez, AM Payton, PR Gomes, JP Miguel, C Oliveira, MM AF Santos, Ana Margarida Oliver, Melvin John Sanchez, Ana Maria Payton, Paxton Robert Gomes, Joao Paulo Miguel, Celia Oliveira, M. Margarida TI An integrated strategy to identify key genes in almond adventitious shoot regeneration SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE Adventitious shoot; almond; early stage (ES); late stage (LS); quantitative PCR; suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH); transcript profiling ID 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE OXIDASE GENE; AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; PRUNUS-DULCIS MILL.; IN-VITRO; SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; CELL-PROLIFERATION; MERISTEM FORMATION; LEAF EXPLANTS; ZEA-MAYS AB Plant genetic transformation usually depends on efficient adventitious regeneration systems. In almond (Prunus dulcis Mill.), regeneration of transgenic adventitious shoots was achieved but with low efficiency. Histological studies identified two main stages of organogenesis in almond explants that were induced for adventitious shoot regeneration; a dedifferentiation stage (early) and a shoot initiation stage (late). Histological observation revealed that the limitation in the recovery of transformed shoots is primarily a function of the low organogenic competence of the transformed tissues rather than transformation efficiency. To identify key genes involved in organogenesis, shoot-induced leaves and suppression-subtractive hybridization were used, to build a cDNA library from each organogenic stage. cDNA clones from both libraries were randomly picked, PCR-amplified, and arrayed on glass slides. For transcript profiling, microarray hybridization was performed using cDNA pools from both the early and the late stages. Statistically significant differential expression was found for 128 cDNA clones (58 early, and 70 late), representing 92 unique gene functions. Genes encoding proteins related to protein synthesis and processing and nitrogen and carbon metabolism were differentially expressed in the early stage, whilst genes encoding proteins involved in plant cell rescue and defence and interaction with the environment were mostly found in the late stage. The LTP/alpha-amylase inhibitor/trypsin gene was more strongly expressed at an early stage, as confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR, while a gibberellic acid stimulated protein gene seems to be a good marker for the late stage. These results are discussed on the basis of the putative roles of the annotated differentially regulated genes in almond organogenesis. C1 [Santos, Ana Margarida; Sanchez, Ana Maria; Miguel, Celia; Oliveira, M. Margarida] Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Inst Biol Expt & Tecnol, P-2784505 Oeiras, Portugal. [Oliver, Melvin John] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Payton, Paxton Robert] USDA ARS, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA. [Gomes, Joao Paulo] Inst Nacl Saude, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. RP Oliveira, MM (reprint author), Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Inst Biol Expt & Tecnol, P-2784505 Oeiras, Portugal. EM mmolive@itqb.unl.pt RI Miguel, Celia/D-2153-2012; Oliveira, M. Margarida/H-9318-2012; OI Miguel, Celia/0000-0002-1427-952X; Oliveira, M. Margarida/0000-0002-0095-1952; Sanchez, Ana/0000-0002-0444-7278; Gomes, Joao Paulo/0000-0002-2697-2399 FU Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia [POCTI/AGG/68507/2001]; PhD Fellowship of AM Santos [BD 3125/2000]; AMS FX Financial support was received from the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia: research project POCTI/AGG/68507/2001, PhD Fellowship of AM Santos: BD 3125/2000. AMS also gratefully acknowledges Jeremy Hudgeons and Jing Wang for their laboratory collaboration. NR 62 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PY 2009 VL 60 IS 14 BP 4159 EP 4173 DI 10.1093/jxb/erp250 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 508DC UT WOS:000270906800017 PM 19671574 ER PT J AU Wesley, IV Rostagno, M Hurd, HS Trampel, DW AF Wesley, Irene V. Rostagno, Marcos Hurd, H. Scott Trampel, Darrell W. TI Prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli in Market-Weight Turkeys On-Farm and at Slaughter SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID PRESLAUGHTER FEED WITHDRAWAL; BROILER-CHICKENS; UNITED-STATES; PROPIONIC ACIDS; DRINKING-WATER; SALMONELLA; COLONIZATION; CROP; CONTAMINATION; INFECTION AB To monitor the effects of feed withdrawal on the prevalence of Campylobacter, market-weight turkeys from six farms were examined before and after perimarketing events (feed withdrawal, transport, and holding at the slaughterhouse). Prior to transport, birds (n = 30 per farm) were slaughtered on-farm, and viscera (crops, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon, ceca, gallbladder, and spleen) were removed on the premises. Within ca. 48 h, cohorts (n = 30 per farm) from the same flock were transported to a commercial abattoir, maintained in holding sheds, slaughtered, and the viscera were removed. No differences in the prevalence of Campylobacter spp. were evident when individual flocks were compared pre- and posttransport. However, when data for the six farms were combined, Campylobacter spp. were recovered (pre- versus posttransport) at comparable rates from the duodenum (74.7 versus 74.7%), ileum (87.3 versus 92.7%), ceca (64 versus 7%), colon (86.7 versus 80%), and spleen (0 versus 0%). After feed withdrawal, transport, and holding at the abattoir, there was an overall increase in Campylobacter spp. isolated from the gallbladder at the abattoir (14.7%) when compared with on-farm levels (0%, P < 0.05). When compared with on-farm levels (3%), the overall increase in Campylobacter spp. recovered from the crops of birds at the abattoir (24%) was significant (P < 0.05), which may be associated with a detectable decline in lactic acid in the emptied crop. C1 [Wesley, Irene V.] ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Rostagno, Marcos] ARS, Anim Behav Res Unit, USDA, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hurd, H. Scott; Trampel, Darrell W.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wesley, IV (reprint author), ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM irene.wesley@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service [3625-32000-053-00D]; Iowa State University Food Safety Consortium; Merck-Merial Summer Research program FX We thank Michelle Andersen, Chris Bouchard, Nathan Horman, Jennifer Jones, Emily Nestor, Jared Gailey, Robert Schneider, and Adrianne Norgrant for their help in the field portions of this study. We thank Deb Lebo for performing the volatile fatty acid analysis. We acknowledge the secretarial assistance of Ms. Linda Miller. We thank Deb Palmquist for completing the statistical analysis. We are indebted to the turkey producers for access to their flocks. We are grateful to Drs. Karen Register, Alexandra Scupham, and Louisa Tabatabai for critical review of the manuscript. The cooperation of the processing plant was central to the success of this project. This study was supported by U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System project no. 3625-32000-053-00D and partially funded by the Iowa State University Food Safety Consortium and the Merck-Merial Summer Research program. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 43 EP 48 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 393BO UT WOS:000262346100007 PM 19205462 ER PT J AU Hunter, SM Berrang, ME Meinersmann, RJ Harrison, MA AF Hunter, S. M. Berrang, M. E. Meinersmann, R. J. Harrison, M. A. TI Genetic Diversity of Campylobacter on Broiler Carcasses Collected Preevisceration and Postchill in 17 US Poultry Processing Plants SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID RETAIL POULTRY; JEJUNI; SPP.; COLONIZATION; COLI; IDENTIFICATION; CONTAMINATION; STRAINS; FLOCKS; PCR AB Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are the most important human enteropathogens among the campylobacters. The objective of this study was to determine how diversity in Campylobacter populations found on chicken carcasses collected from 17 broiler processing plants in the United States is impacted by processing. Genetic diversity was determined for up to four isolates per carcass by sequencing the short variable region (SVR) of the flaA locus. On 70% of Campylobacter-positive carcasses, all isolates were indistinguishable by flaA SVR typing. The genetic diversity of Campylobacter decreased as carcasses proceeded through processing; Campylobacter populations obtained early in processing where carcasses are moved from the kill line to the evisceration line (rehang) were significantly more genetically diverse (P < 0.05) than those from carcasses sampled postchill (diversity indices of 0.9472 and 0.9235, respectively). Certain Campylobacter subtypes were found only at rehang and not at postchill. Other subtypes were found at postchill and not at rehang. These data suggest that some subtypes may not be able to survive processing, whereas others may persist on the carcass or within the equipment despite stressors encountered in the processing environment. C1 [Hunter, S. M.; Berrang, M. E.; Meinersmann, R. J.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Hunter, S. M.; Harrison, M. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Berrang, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM mark.berrang@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 49 EP 54 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 393BO UT WOS:000262346100008 PM 19205463 ER PT J AU Liao, CH AF Liao, Ching-Hsing TI Control of Foodborne Pathogens and Soft-Rot Bacteria on Bell Pepper by Three Strains of Bacterial Antagonists SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; NATIVE MICROFLORA; FRESH PRODUCE; PSEUDOMONAS; GROWTH; INHIBITION; VEGETABLES; SPOILAGE; POULTRY AB Forty-two representative strains of native bacteria associated with fresh peeled baby carrots were isolated and characterized. Two of these strains, identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens AG3A (Pf AG3A) and Bacillus YD1, were evaluated in conjunction with another known antagonist, P. fluorescens 2-79 (Pf 2-79), for their potential as biocontrol agents of human pathogens (Listeria monocytogenes, Yersinia enterocolitica, Salmonella enterica, and Escherichia coli O157:H7) and soft-rot bacteria (Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora, Pseudomonas marginalis, and Pseudomonas viridiflava). When grown on iron-deficient agar media, all three antagonists produced inhibition zones up to 25 mm in diameter against the growth of human pathogens and soft-rot bacteria. However, when grown on iron-rich agar media, only Pf 2-79 and Bacillus YD1 exhibited antimicrobial activity. Treatment of bell pepper disks with Pf 2-79 or Bacillus YD1 reduced the growth of pathogen by 1.4 to 4.1 log units, depending upon the ratio of the number of antagonist cells to pathogen cells (1:1, 10:1, 100:1, or 1,000:1). The greatest reduction was observed when 10- to 100-fold higher number of antagonists than pathogens was applied. Pf AG3A and Bacillus YD1 reduced the growth of pathogens on pepper disks at 20 degrees C but not at 10 degrees C. However, Pf 2-79 reduced the growth of L. monocytogenes and Y. enterocolitica by up to 4 log units at either 20 or 10 degrees C. Treatment of pepper disks with Pf 2-79 also reduced the incidence of soft rot induced by soft-rot bacteria by 40 to 70%. Pf 2-79 is the most effective of the three antagonists tested for control of spoilage bacteria and human pathogens on bell pepper. C1 ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Liao, CH (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM chinghsing.liao@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 10 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 393BO UT WOS:000262346100013 PM 19205468 ER PT J AU Baker, RL Brown, RL Chen, ZY Cleveland, TE Fakhoury, AM AF Baker, R. L. Brown, R. L. Chen, Z. -Y. Cleveland, T. E. Fakhoury, A. M. TI A Maize Lectin-Like Protein with Antifungal Activity against Aspergillus flavus SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CALLOSOBRUCHUS-MACULATUS; LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; PLANT-LECTINS; BINDING; SEEDS; PURIFICATION; RESISTANCE; IDENTIFICATION; COLEOPTERA; BRUCHIDAE AB The filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus causes an ear rot on maize and produces a mycotoxin (aflatoxin) in colonized maize kernels. Aflatoxins are carcinogenic to humans and animals upon ingestion. Aflatoxin contamination results in a large loss of profits and marketable yields for farmers each year. Several research groups have worked to pinpoint sources of resistance to A. flavus and the resulting aflatoxin contamination in maize. Some maize genotypes exhibit greater resistance than others. A proteomics approach has recently been used to identify endogenous maize proteins that may be associated with resistance to the fungus. Research has been conducted on cloning, expression, and partial characterization of one such protein, which has a sequence similar to that of cold-regulated proteins. The expressed protein, ZmCORp, exhibited lectin-like hemagglutination activity against fungal conidia and sheep erythrocytes. Quantitative real-time PCR assays revealed that ZmCOR is expressed 50% more in maize kernels from the Mp420 line, a type of maize resistant to A. flavus, compared with the expression level of the gene in the susceptible B73 line. ZmCORp exhibited fungistatic activity when conidia from A. flavus were exposed to the protein at a final concentration of 18 mM. ZmCORp inhibited the germination of conidia by 80%. A 50% decrease in mycelial growth resulted when germinated conidia were incubated with the protein. The partial characterization of ZmCORp suggests that this protein may play an important role in enhancing kernel resistance to A. flavus infection and aflatoxin accumulation. C1 [Baker, R. L.; Fakhoury, A. M.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Brown, R. L.; Cleveland, T. E.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [Chen, Z. -Y.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Fakhoury, AM (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM amfakhou@siu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [58-6435-5-032] FX We thank Dr. Hans Bohnert (University of Illinois, Urbana) for providing us with the ZmCOR cDNA. This work was funded through the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement 58-6435-5-032. NR 26 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 9 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 120 EP 127 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 393BO UT WOS:000262346100017 PM 19205472 ER PT J AU Kalcrayanand, N Arthur, TM Bosilevac, JM Brichta-Harhay, DM Guerini, MN Shackelford, SD Wheeler, TL Koormaraie, M AF Kalcrayanand, Norasak Arthur, Terrance M. Bosilevac, Joseph M. Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M. Guerini, Michael N. Shackelford, Steven D. Wheeler, Tommy L. Koormaraie, Mohammad TI Effectiveness of 1,3-Dibromo-5,5 Dimethylhydantoin on Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7-and Salmonella-inoculated Fresh Meat SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID WATER DISINFECTANTS; LACTIC-ACID; HOT-WATER; BEEF; O157-H7; CARCASS; PREVALENCE; CHLORINE; BACTERIA AB 1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DBDMH; 25 degrees C) and hot water (85 degrees C) spray treatments were evaluated for efficacy in decontamination of pathogenic bacteria attached to beef carcass surfaces represented by cutaneous trunci (CT) muscle sections and beef hearts. Treatments were evaluated using two different systems, a commercial carcass wash cabinet and a model carcass washer. The effects were measured immediately after treatment and again after 48 h of storage at 4 degrees C. Sections of CT and beef hearts were inoculated with bovine fecal solution containing approximately 6 log CFU/cm(2) of Escherichia coli O157:147 and Salmonella. After DBDMH or hot water spray treatments, bacterial populations were enumerated immediately and after storage for 48 h at 4 degrees C. DBDMH treatments reduced aerobic plate counts, Enterobacteriaceae, E. coli O157: H7, and Salmonella by the same or slightly lower amounts relative to hot water treatment. DBDMH reduced aerobic plate counts and Enterobacteriaceae by 2.8 to 3.6 log CFU/cm(2)w, E. coli O157:H7 by 1.6 to 2.1 log CFU/cm(2), and Salmonella by 0.7 to 2.3 log CFU/cm(2) on CT sections and beef hearts. Hot water treatment reduced aerobic plate counts and Enterobacteriaceae by 3.0 to 4.1 log CFU/cm(2), E. coli O157:147 by 1.8 to 2.3 log CFU/cm(2), and Salmonella by 2.5 to 2.8 log CFU/cm(2). After 48 h of storage, the reductions of organisms by DBDMH and hot water treatments were not different. This study demonstrated that DBDMH spray washing could be effective as an antimicrobial intervention for beef carcasses and variety meats. C1 [Kalcrayanand, Norasak; Arthur, Terrance M.; Bosilevac, Joseph M.; Brichta-Harhay, Dayna M.; Guerini, Michael N.; Shackelford, Steven D.; Wheeler, Tommy L.; Koormaraie, Mohammad] ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Kalcrayanand, N (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM norasak.kalchayanand@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 151 EP 156 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 393BO UT WOS:000262346100022 PM 19205477 ER PT J AU Baker, RL Brown, RL Chen, ZY Cleveland, TE Fakhoury, AM AF Baker, R. L. Brown, R. L. Chen, Z. -Y. Cleveland, T. E. Fakhoury, A. M. TI A Maize Trypsin Inhibitor (ZmTIp) with Limited Activity against Aspergillus flavus SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID CHYMOTRYPSIN INHIBITOR; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; SEEDS; PURIFICATION; PROTEIN; WHEAT AB Infection of maize both pre- and postharvest by Aspergillus flavus is a severe agricultural problem in the southern United States. Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by A. flavus and are carcinogenic to humans and animals upon ingestion. Extensive research has been conducted to identify sources of resistance to A. flavus in maize. Some maize genotypes exhibit greater resistance to A. flavus than others. Many research groups have validated the role of plant trypsin inhibitors (TIs) as a means of plant defense against fungal infection. Research consisting of the cloning, expression, and partial characterization of one previously uncharacterized TI protein has been conducted. The overexpressed protein displayed TI activity, as expected, and some ability to alter germination of conidia (8%) from several fungal pathogens and to inhibit hyphal growth (30%). This effect on fungal growth, although less than that of previously investigated TIs, marks this protein as a potential source of resistance to aflatoxin accumulation in maize. C1 [Baker, R. L.; Fakhoury, A. M.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Brown, R. L.; Cleveland, T. E.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70179 USA. [Chen, Z. -Y.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Plant Pathol & Crop Physiol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Fakhoury, AM (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Soil & Agr Syst, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. EM amfakhou@siu.edu FU U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement [58-6435-5-032] FX We thank Dr. Robert Schmidt (University of California, Berkeley) for providing us with a maize endosperm pAD-GAL4 cDNA library. This work was funded through the U.S. Department of Agriculture cooperative agreement 58-6435-5-032. NR 14 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 72 IS 1 BP 185 EP 188 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 393BO UT WOS:000262346100029 PM 19205484 ER PT J AU Min, B Ahn, DU AF Min, B. Ahn, D. U. TI Factors in Various Fractions of Meat Homogenates That Affect the Oxidative Stability of Raw Chicken Breast and Beef Loin SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE lipid oxidation; lipid oxidation potential; myoglobin; total antioxidant capacity (TAC) ID MEMBRANAL LIPID-PEROXIDATION; CATALYZED PEROXIDATION; LIPOXYGENASE ACTIVITY; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; HEME PIGMENTS; LINOLEIC-ACID; FREE-RADICALS; NONHEME IRON AB The fractions of meat homogenates were analyzed to find the factors that determine the susceptibility of raw chicken breast and beef loin to lipid oxidation. The fractions used in this study were meat homogenate, precipitate, and supernatant of homogenate after centrifugation, and high and low molecular weight fractions from the supernatant. Chicken breast showed greater oxidative stability than beef loin during 10-d storage (P < 0.05). All fractions from chicken breast showed lower amounts of free ionic iron and myoglobin and higher total antioxidant capacity (TAC) than those from beef loin during storage. The TAC level of chicken breast maintained during storage. This suggested that the oxidative stability of chicken breast was ascribed to high, stable total antioxidant capacity with low level of catalysts for lipid oxidation. The water-soluble high molecular weight fraction, which contained myoglobin, was responsible for the high lipoxygenase-like activity and lipid oxidation potential (LOP) in beef loin. TAC in all fractions from beef loin decreased during storage. This suggested that high myoglobin content in beef loin caused the imbalance between pro- and antioxidant factors leading to the high susceptibility of beef loin to lipid oxidation. Myoglobin served a major source of catalysts, ferrylmyoglobin, hematin, and/or free ionic iron, for lipid oxidation. C1 [Ahn, D. U.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Min, B.] USDA ARS, Rice Res Unit, Beaumont, TX 77713 USA. RP Ahn, DU (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM duahn@iastate.edu NR 49 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 74 IS 1 BP C41 EP C48 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01003.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 397FH UT WOS:000262647800040 PM 19200084 ER PT J AU Wang, H Feng, H Liang, W Luo, Y Malyarchuk, V AF Wang, H. Feng, H. Liang, W. Luo, Y. Malyarchuk, V. TI Effect of Surface Roughness on Retention and Removal of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Surfaces of Selected Fruits SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE confocal laser scanning microscopy; electrolyzed water; hydrophobicity; produce washing; surface roughness ID ACIDIC ELECTROLYZED WATER; STAINLESS-STEEL; PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES; SUBSTRATUM TOPOGRAPHY; HYGIENIC STATUS; FOOD STRUCTURE; O157-H7; ADHESION; MICROSCOPY; LETTUCE AB This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of surface roughness on the attachment and removal of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on selected fruit and metal surfaces. A new method to determine surface roughness was developed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). A series of 2-D layered images were taken by CLSM optical slicing of the surfaces of Golden Delicious apples, navel oranges, avocadoes, and cantaloupes. The average roughness (R(a)) of the fruit surfaces was assessed by reconstructing a series of 2-D images into 3-D images. A cocktail of 5 E. coli O157:H7 strains were spot inoculated onto fruit skin surfaces with different R(a). The fruits were then treated with acidic electrolyzed water (AEW), peroxyacetic acid (POAA), and sterilized deionized water. Aluminum stubs with different R(a) values as a model system were also spot inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and subjected to a sonication treatment. Test results indicated that there was a positive linear correlation between R(a) and adhesion rate of E. coli O157:H7, and a negative correlation between R(a) and the efficacy of inactivation by AEW and POAA, respectively, on fruit surfaces. A linear increase of residual bacteria population with increased surface roughness of aluminum stubs was also observed. The relationship between surface roughness and surface hydrophobicity was negative linear for the aluminum stubs, but was quadratic for the 4 fruits. The environmental scanning electron microscopy images showed that bacteria tended to attach to or be entrapped in the grooves or cavities of fruits, which provided protection to the cells against washing treatments. C1 [Feng, H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Liang, W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Mech Engn Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wang, H.] Grocery Manufacturers Assn, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Wang, H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Luo, Y.] ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Malyarchuk, V.] Univ Illinois, Mat Res Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Feng, H (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM haofeng@uiuc.edu NR 39 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 23 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 74 IS 1 BP E8 EP E15 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00998.x PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 397FH UT WOS:000262647800013 PM 19200095 ER PT J AU Gallegos-Robles, MA Morales-Loredo, A Alvarez-Ojeda, G Osuna-Garcia, JA Martinez, IO Morales-Ramos, LH Fratamico, P AF Gallegos-Robles, M. A. Morales-Loredo, A. Alvarez-Ojeda, G. Osuna-Garcia, J. A. Martinez, I. O. Morales-Ramos, L. H. Fratamico, P. TI PCR Detection and Microbiological Isolation of Salmonella spp. from Fresh Beef and Cantaloupes SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cantaloupe; detection; meat; PCR; Salmonella ID TYPHIMURIUM; OUTBREAK; INVA AB Species belonging to the genus Salmonella are an important cause of enteric fevers, gastroenteritis, and septicemia, and the pathogens are commonly transmitted through contaminated food. In this study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of a 287-bp region of the invA gene was compared to a microbiological technique to determine the presence of Salmonella in retail beef and in cantaloupe rinse samples. Both methods showed the same level of sensitivity, detecting 1 CFU/25 g of meat after enrichment for 24 h at 42 degrees C. The presence of Salmonella was determined in 50 commercial top sirloin beef samples that were not artificially inoculated. Three samples were positive by the microbiological method, and these samples and an additional sample were positive by the PCR. Both methods were also used to test surface rinses of cantaloupes collected from 4 farms in Nayarit, Mexico. Salmonella was detected by the microbiological method in 9 of 20 samples (45%), whereas the pathogen was detected by the PCR in 11 samples (55%). This study demonstrates the utility of the PCR targeting the invA gene to determine the presence of Salmonella spp. in beef and cantaloupe samples. C1 [Morales-Loredo, A.] AC UGRNL, Consorcio Tecn Noreste Mexico, Guadalupe 67100, NL, Mexico. [Gallegos-Robles, M. A.] Univ Juarez Estado Durango, Fac Agr & Zootecnia, Gomez Palacio 35000, Durango, Mexico. [Alvarez-Ojeda, G.; Osuna-Garcia, J. A.] INIFAP, Guadalupe 67100, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Martinez, I. O.; Morales-Ramos, L. H.] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Fac Ciencias Biol, San Nicolas De Los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Fratamico, P.] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Morales-Loredo, A (reprint author), AC UGRNL, Consorcio Tecn Noreste Mexico, Guadalupe 67100, NL, Mexico. EM alberto.morales@labmty-cfppnl.org.mx FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia FX The Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia is acknowledged for funding this research. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 74 IS 1 BP M37 EP M40 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01006.x PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 397FH UT WOS:000262647800039 PM 19200105 ER PT J AU Jin, T Sun, D Su, JY Zhang, H Sue, HJ AF Jin, T. Sun, D. Su, J. Y. Zhang, H. Sue, H. -J. TI Antimicrobial Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Quantum Dots against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE liquid foods; nanoparticles; pathogens; zinc oxide ID QUANTITATIVE-EVALUATION; CONDUCTIMETRIC ASSAY; POWDER SLURRY; BACTERIA; LYSOZYME; ZNO; LACTOFERRIN; SPOILAGE; GROWTH; CAO AB Zinc oxide quantum dots (ZnO QDs) are nanoparticles of purified powdered ZnO. These were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Enteritidis, and Escherichia coli O157:H7. The ZnO QDs were utilized as a powder, bound in a polystyrene film (ZnO-PS), or suspended in a polyvinylprolidone gel (ZnO-PVP). Bacteria cultures were inoculated into culture media or liquid egg white (LEW) and incubated at 22 degrees C. The inhibitory efficacies of ZnO QDs against 3 pathogens were concentration dependent and also related to type of application. The ZnO-PVP (3.2 mg ZnO/mL) treatment resulted in 5.3 log reduction of L. monocytogenes and 6.0 log reduction of E. coli O157:H7 in growth media after 48 h incubation, as compared to the controls. Listeria cells in the LEW control increased from 3.8 to 7.2 log CFU/mL during 8 d incubation, while the cells in the samples treated with 1.12 and 0.28 mg ZnO/mL were reduced to 1.4 and 3.0 log CFU/mL, respectively. After 8 d incubation, the cell populations of Salmonella in LEW in the presence of 1.12 and 0.28 mg ZnO/mL were reduced by 6.1 and 4.1 log CFU/mL over that of controls, respectively. ZnO powder and ZnO-PVP showed significant antimicrobial activities against all 3 pathogens in growth media and LEW. ZnO-PVP coating had less inhibitory effect than the direct addition of ZnO-PVP. No antimicrobial activities of ZnO-PS film were observed. This study suggested that the application of ZnO nanoparticles in food systems may be effective at inhibiting certain pathogens. C1 [Jin, T.; Zhang, H.] USDA ARS, NAA ERRC, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Sun, D.; Su, J. Y.; Sue, H. -J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Polymer Technol Ctr, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Jin, T (reprint author), USDA ARS, NAA ERRC, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM tony.jin@ars.usda.gov RI Sun, Dazhi /H-3625-2011; Sue, HJ/A-4051-2008; Sun, Dazhi/F-5144-2013; OI Sue, HJ/0000-0002-3898-4469; Sun, Dazhi/0000-0001-7553-3141; Jin, Tony/0000-0003-0504-5817 NR 28 TC 93 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 74 IS 1 BP M46 EP M52 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01013.x PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 397FH UT WOS:000262647800043 PM 19200107 ER PT J AU Annous, BA Fratamico, PM Smith, JL AF Annous, Bassam A. Fratamico, Pina M. Smith, James L. TI Scientific Status Summary SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE acylated homoserine lactones; autoinducer; bacteria; biofilm; C; jejuni; E; coli; enteric pathogen; foodborne illness; Gram-negative; Gram-positive; L; monocytogenes; pathogen; planktonic cell; quorum sensing; Salmonella; S; aureus ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; QUORUM-SENSING INHIBITORS; N-ACYLHOMOSERINE LACTONES; ACYLATED HOMOSERINE LACTONES; GLOBAL GENE-EXPRESSION; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; MONOCYTOGENES BIOFILM FORMATION; FOOD-PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT; SCANNING LASER MICROSCOPY; BACILLUS-CEREUS GROUP AB The Institute of Food Technologists has issued this Scientific Status Summary to provide readers with a tutorial on biofilms, their purposeful mechanism of interaction (quorum sensing), and recent findings on how to inhibit their formation. C1 [Annous, Bassam A.; Fratamico, Pina M.; Smith, James L.] Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Annous, BA (reprint author), Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA ARS, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. EM bassam.annous@ars.usda.gov NR 186 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 74 IS 1 BP R24 EP R37 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.01022.x PG 14 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 397FH UT WOS:000262647800031 PM 19200115 ER PT J AU Saeed, SMG Arif, S Ahmed, M Ali, R Shih, F AF Saeed, Ghufran S. M. Arif, Saqib Ahmed, Mubarak Ali, Rashida Shih, Fred TI Influence of rice bran on rheological properties of dough and in the new product development SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE LA English DT Article DE Rice bran; Farinograph; Consistograph; Alveograph; Chapati; Cookies ID WHEAT-FLOUR; QUALITY; FIBER AB The impact of adding 2-20% rice bran to wheat flour on the rheological behaviour of the dough was investigated using Farinograph, Consistograph and Alveograph. The changes in physico-chemical properties of dough were insignificant even after including 20% of the bran. The wheat flour and rice bran mixtures were used to prepare cookies and flat bread (chapati) and the sensory evaluation was carried out for the products. In general. the sensory scores of the product, such as texture and taste, decreased with increased substitution with the rice bran. However, cookies and chapati, with up to 10% rice bran replacement were rated acceptable. C1 [Saeed, Ghufran S. M.; Arif, Saqib] Univ Karachi, HEJ Res Inst Chem, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. [Ahmed, Mubarak] Univ Karachi, PARC, SARC, Grain Qual Testing Lab, Karachi 75230, Pakistan. [Ali, Rashida] English Biscuit Manufacturers Pvt Ltd, Karachi 74900, Pakistan. [Shih, Fred] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Saeed, SMG (reprint author), Univ Karachi, HEJ Res Inst Chem, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. EM fred.shih@ars.usda.gov FU Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan FX Authors are grateful to the Higher Education Commission (HEC), Pakistan for the financial support. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU ASSOC FOOD SCIENT TECHN INDIA PI MYSORE PA CENTRAL FOOD TECHNOL RES INST, MYSORE 570013, INDIA SN 0022-1155 J9 J FOOD SCI TECH MYS JI J. Food Sci. Technol.-Mysore PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 62 EP 65 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 395WY UT WOS:000262555400012 ER PT J AU McCaffrey, SM Rhodes, A AF McCaffrey, Sarah M. Rhodes, Alan TI Public Response to Wildfire: Is the Australian "Stay and Defend or Leave Early" Approach an Option for Wildfire Management in the United States? SO JOURNAL OF FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE evacuation; fire management; public response; wildfire ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; EVACUATION AB In the United States, the increasing costs and negative impacts of wildfires are causing fire managers and policymakers to reexamine traditional approaches to fire management including whether mass evacuation of populations threatened by wildfire is always the most appropriate option. This article examines the Australian "stay and defend or leave early" (SOLE) approach (which is not inherently the same as shelter in place) and the contextual factors that may make it more or less appropriate in the United States. We first discuss what SOLE actually entails and then examine four contextual areas that could influence how appropriate the approach might be in the United States: nature of fire risk, agency roles and responsibilities, education and shared responsibility, and human dimensions and decision-making. Although some contextual differences may mean that there are US locations where the approach would be inappropriate, they are not systematic enough to mean that the approach would not be viable in many localities. However, significant groundwork would need to be laid to ensure success. C1 [McCaffrey, Sarah M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Rhodes, Alan] Country Fire Author, Mt Waverley, Vic 3149, Australia. RP McCaffrey, SM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 10-33 Univ Pl,Suite 360, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM smceafrey@fs.fed.us; a.rhodes@cfa.vic.gov.au FU Organization for Economic Development and the Bushfire CRC FX The authors acknowledge the Organization for Economic Development and the Bushfire CRC, which provided support for fieldwork that informed the development of this article. NR 45 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1201 J9 J FOREST JI J. For. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 107 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 399IV UT WOS:000262794500005 ER PT J AU O'Neill, MP Dobrowolski, JP Rozum, MA AF O'Neill, Michael P. Dobrowolski, James P. Rozum, Mary Ann TI Using competitive grants to address water resource challenges at the local level: The Conesus Lake Watershed project SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material DE Water quality; Agriculture; USDA; Management practices; Lakes C1 [O'Neill, Michael P.; Dobrowolski, James P.; Rozum, Mary Ann] USDA, Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP O'Neill, MP (reprint author), USDA, Cooperat State Res Educ & Extens Serv, 1400 Independence Ave SW,Stop 2201, Washington, DC 20250 USA. EM moneill@csrees.usda.gov; jdobrowolski@csrees.usda.gov; mrozum@csrees.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PY 2009 VL 35 SU 1 SI SI BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2009.01.001 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 460DI UT WOS:000267167600001 ER PT J AU Caamano, D Goodwin, P Buffington, JM Liou, JCP Daley-Laursen, S AF Caamano, Diego Goodwin, Peter Buffington, John M. Liou, Jim C. P. Daley-Laursen, Steve TI Unifying Criterion for the Velocity Reversal Hypothesis in Gravel-Bed Rivers SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID POOL-RIFFLE SEQUENCES; SHEAR-STRESS; LOAD MATERIAL; CHANNEL WIDTH; FLOW; SEDIMENT; MORPHOLOGY; MODEL; SIMULATION; CALIFORNIA AB It has been hypothesized that velocity reversals provide a mechanism for maintaining pool-riffle morphology in gravel-bed rivers-an important habitat for salmonids, which are at risk in many places worldwide and that are the focus of extensive environmental legislation in Europe and North America. However, the occurrence of velocity reversals has been controversial for over 3 decades. We present a simple one-dimensional criterion that unifies and explains previous disparate findings regarding the occurrence of velocity reversals. Results show that reversal depends critically on the ratio of riffle-to-pool width, residual pool depth (difference between pool and riffle elevations), and on the depth of flow over the riffle, suggesting that land management activities which alter channel form or divert water from the channel can have negative impacts on the sustainability of pool-riffle habitat in gravel-bed rivers. C1 [Caamano, Diego] Univ Concepcion, Ctr EULA Chile, Concepcion, Chile. [Caamano, Diego; Goodwin, Peter] Univ Idaho, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Buffington, John M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [Liou, Jim C. P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Civil Engn, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Caamano, D (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Ctr Ecohydraul Res, 322 E Front St,Suite 340, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM diegoc@uidaho.edu FU Chilean Government; DeVlieg Foundation; University of Concepcion, Chile; University of Idaho, United States; Improvement of Postsecondary Education Advanced Computing and Modeling Laboratory at the University of Idaho [P116Z010107]; National Science Foundation Idaho EPSCoR Research Infrastructure Improvement (RII) Grant Grand Challenge Initiative; National Science Foundation [EPS-0447689] FX Funding for this research was provided by the Chilean Government "Beca Presidente de la Republica para Estudios en el Extranjero," the DeVlieg Foundation, EULA Center from the University of Concepcion, Chile, and the University of Idaho, United States. Additional support was provided by a congressional award: Fund for the Improvement of Postsecondary Education (Award No. P116Z010107) Advanced Computing and Modeling Laboratory at the University of Idaho, the National Science Foundation Idaho EPSCoR Research Infrastructure Improvement (RII) Grant Grand Challenge Initiative, 2005-2008; and by the National Science Foundation under Award No. EPS-0447689. The reviewers' detailed comments are gratefully acknowledged. NR 49 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD JAN PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 66 EP 70 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2009)135:1(66) PG 5 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 403WJ UT WOS:000263112400008 ER PT J AU Replogle, JA AF Replogle, John A. TI Tests of Concepts for Streamflow Sampler Design SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM AB Total-load sampling has been a perpetual problem in sediment monitoring. Usually a combination of bed-load sampling devices, suspended load suction samplers, and some kind of flume, for total flow rate, is used. Total-load, sediment-sampler-design concepts that can perform all three of these functions are proposed. The resulting designs would require installation at sites that can provide a step-overfall height about equal to the maximum channel flow depth. The concepts are simple, but appear to have been overlooked or ignored for the past many decades, and are based on a moving conveyor belt that is long and wide, with many slots, all of the same size, onto which the stream to be sampled discharges. All flow drops through the slots, and with equal sized slots each must catch a similar proportion of the total flow. Hence, only one slot needs to be collected. As a practical extension it is proposed to replace the conveyor belt with a rack having several slots that represent a short section of the total conveyor belt that is large enough so that the flow does not notice the missing belt parts. This rack is then traversed back and forth on a track through the falling nappe. Laboratory tests of this proposed sampling-assembly rack indicated that the number of the required slots is related to the channel depth and the sum of the slot openings. When the rack is composed of sufficient slots so that the slot-width sum is more than half the channel overfall depth, the system undersampled from 0 to 2% but when there are insufficient slots whose sum represents less than one-third of the overfall depth, the system undersampled by over 8%. The concepts are extended to the condition with a stopped belt where several sampling-slot groups are equally spaced beneath the overfall. A "test of concept" sampler assembly of the stopped-belt idea was built and tested. The sample catch across the stream was within about 4% of expected, offering a total load sampling system where motorized equipment is difficult to install, or electric power is not available. Design and construction suggestions are presented. The catch rate can be small enough to facilitate convenient flow measurement of the catch, which can be converted to total streamflow without the need for separate channel flow measurements. C1 USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85283 USA. RP Replogle, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Arid Land Agr Res Ctr, 21881 Cardon La, Maricopa, AZ 85283 USA. EM John.Replogle@ars.usda.gov NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1084-0699 J9 J HYDROL ENG JI J. Hydrol. Eng. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 14 IS 1 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0699(2009)14:1(65) PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 403WF UT WOS:000263112000006 ER PT J AU Zhao, R Bean, SR Crozier-Dodson, BA Fung, DYC Wang, DH AF Zhao, Renyong Bean, Scott R. Crozier-Dodson, Beth Ann Fung, Daniel Y. C. Wang, Donghai TI Application of acetate buffer in pH adjustment of sorghum mash and its influence on fuel ethanol fermentation SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acetate; Ethanol; Glycerol; Fermentation; Sorghum ID HULL-LESS BARLEY; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ACETIC-ACID; INTRACELLULAR PH; ALCOHOL PRODUCTION; GLYCOLYTIC-ENZYMES; LACTIC-ACID; CORN MASH; GROWTH; YEAST AB A 2 M sodium acetate buffer at pH 4.2 was tried to simplify the step of pH adjustment in a laboratory dry-grind procedure. Ethanol yields or conversion efficiencies of 18 sorghum hybrids improved significantly with 2.0-5.9% (3.9% on average) of relative increases when the method of pH adjustment changed from traditional HCl to the acetate buffer. Ethanol yields obtained using the two methods were highly correlated (R (2) = 0.96, P < 0.0001), indicating that the acetate buffer did not influence resolution of the procedure to differentiate sorghum hybrids varying in fermentation quality. Acetate retarded the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, but did not affect the overall fermentation rate. With 41-47 mM of undissociated acetic acid in mash of a sorghum hybrid at pH 4.7, rates of glucose consumption and ethanol production were inhibited during exponential phase but promoted during stationary phase. The maximum growth rate constants (mu (max)) were 0.42 and 0.32 h(-1) for cells grown in mashes with pH adjusted by HCl and the acetate buffer, respectively. Viable cell counts of yeast in mashes with pH adjusted by the acetate buffer were 36% lower than those in mashes adjusted by HCl during stationary phase. Coupled to a 5.3% relative increase in ethanol, a 43.6% relative decrease in glycerol was observed, when the acetate buffer was substituted for HCl. Acetate helped to transfer glucose to ethanol more efficiently. The strain tested did not use acetic acid as carbon source. It was suggested that decreased levels of ATP under acetate stress stimulate glycolysis to ethanol formation, increasing its yield at the expense of biomass and glycerol production. C1 [Zhao, Renyong; Wang, Donghai] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Bean, Scott R.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Crozier-Dodson, Beth Ann; Fung, Daniel Y. C.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Anim Sci & Ind, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Wang, DH (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM dwang@ksu.edu OI Bean, Scott/0000-0001-8678-8094 FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research; Education and Extension Service [2004-35504-14808] FX This project was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2004-35504-14808. Authors would like to thank Novozymes Inc. for providing Liquozyme SC DS and Spirizyme Fuel, and Fermentis of S. I. Lesaffre for the active dry yeast used in this research. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1367-5435 J9 J IND MICROBIOL BIOT JI J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 36 IS 1 BP 75 EP 85 DI 10.1007/s10295-008-0474-y PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 384NM UT WOS:000261751500010 PM 18839230 ER PT J AU Kamath, MG Bhat, GS Parikh, DV Condon, BD AF Kamath, M. G. Bhat, G. S. Parikh, D. V. Condon, B. D. TI Processing and Characterization of Flame Retardant Cotton Blend Nonwovens for Soft Furnishings to Meet Federal Flammability Standards SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES LA English DT Article DE cotton; CFR 1633; flammability; flame retardant; FR; soft furnishings; sleep products; comforters; nonwovens; pillows; mattress; bedding; fibers; barrier; LOI; TB603; TB604 ID DECOMPOSITION; TEXTILES AB Effective from July 1, 2007 it is mandatory that all mattress sets meet the federal flammability standard CFR 1633. It is necessary to impart flame resistance that would provide at least 30 min for occupants to escape fire. Changes in the flammability laws are expected on other soft furnishings of sleep products like comforters and pillows. Generally these products are often the first to be engulfed by the fire. Currently many inherently flame retardant (FR) fibers and chemicals are available in the market. We have developed barrier fabrics with FR properties by incorporating these fibers in blends with cotton that either meet or exceed the standard. Results from this ongoing research are discussed in this article. C1 [Kamath, M. G.; Bhat, G. S.] Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Parikh, D. V.; Condon, B. D.] SRRC ARS USDA, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Bhat, GS (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM gbhat@utk.edu RI Bhat, Gajanan/F-1937-2010 OI Bhat, Gajanan/0000-0003-4485-7586 FU Agricultural Research Service, SRRC-USDA, New Orleans; Center for Materials Processing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN FX This cooperative research was funded by Agricultural Research Service, SRRC-USDA, New Orleans LA and the Center for Materials Processing, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN. We gratefully acknowledge support of Cotton Incorporated, Jones Fiber Products, Basofil, LLC, Thermal Material Systems, Inc., Rohm and Haas, Eastern Color & Chemical Co., and Seydel-Woolley & Co., Inc. for providing samples. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1528-0837 J9 J IND TEXT JI J. Ind. Text. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 38 IS 3 BP 251 EP 262 DI 10.1177/1528083708098912 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 410ZS UT WOS:000263617400004 ER PT J AU Stanley, D Miller, J Tunaz, H AF Stanley, David Miller, Jon Tunaz, Hasan TI Eicosanoid Actions in Insect Immunity SO JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY LA English DT Review DE Prostaglandins; Eicosanoids; Insect immunity; Cellular immunity; Nodulation; Microaggregation; Gene expression ID PROPHENOLOXIDASE-ACTIVATING SYSTEM; E EP RECEPTORS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS; TOBACCO HORNWORM; RHODNIUS-PROLIXUS; PROSTAGLANDIN BIOSYNTHESIS; BACTERIAL-INFECTION; TRYPANOSOMA-RANGELI; GALLERIA-MELLONELLA AB Insects express 3 lines of protection from infections and invasions. Their cuticles and peritrophic membranes are physical barriers. Infections and invasions are quickly recognized within insect bodies, and recognition launches 2 lines of innate immune reactions. Humoral reactions involve induced synthesis of antimicrobial peptides, the bacteriolytic enzyme lysozyme and activation of the prophenoloxidase system. Cellular immune reactions include phagocytosis, nodulation and encapsulation. These reactions entail direct interactions between circulating hemocytes and the invaders. Cellular immune reactions begin immediately after an invasion is detected while antimicrobial peptides typically appear in the hemolymph some hours after infection. Microaggregation is a step in the nodulation process, which is responsible for clearing the bulk of bacterial infections from circulation. Coordinated cellular actions lead to encapsulation of invaders, such as parasitoid eggs, that are very much larger than individual hemocytes. In this paper, we review the roles of eicosanoids as central mediators of insect immune reactions, particularly cellular reactions. We briefly describe insect immune functions, outline eicosanoid biosynthesis and treat eicosanoid actions in cellular immunity of insects. Eicosanoids act in several cellular defense functions, including phagocytosis, microaggregation, nodulation, encapsulation, cell spreading and hemocyte migration toward a source of a bacterial peptide. We also describe our most recent work on the influence of one group of eicosanoids, prostaglandins, on gene expression in an established insect cell line. Copyright (C) 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Stanley, David] ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. [Miller, Jon] No Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, De Kalb, IL USA. [Tunaz, Hasan] Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Plant Protect, Kahramanmaras, Turkey. RP Stanley, D (reprint author), ARS, Biol Control Insects Res Lab, USDA, 1503 S Providence Rd, Columbia, MO 65203 USA. EM Stanlevd@missouri.edu NR 68 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 27 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-811X J9 J INNATE IMMUN JI J. Innate Immun. PY 2009 VL 1 IS 4 BP 282 EP 290 DI 10.1159/000210371 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 471XK UT WOS:000268091500002 PM 20375586 ER PT J AU Yocum, GD Rinehart, JP Chirumamilla-Chapara, A Larson, ML AF Yocum, George D. Rinehart, Joseph P. Chirumamilla-Chapara, Anitha Larson, Marnie L. TI Characterization of gene expression patterns during the initiation and maintenance phases of diapause in the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leptinotarsa decemlineata; Adult diapause; Diapause initiation; Diapause maintenance ID THIOL REDUCTASE GILT; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PROTEINS; TRANSCRIPTS; PROTEASE; LECTIN AB Using differential display, 55 differentially regulated transcripts were isolated from the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). The insert sizes of the clones ranged from 114 to 795 bp. Fourteen of the transcripts were confirmed by northern blot analysis to be differentially regulated transcripts with respect to the diapause initiation and maintenance phases. Based on Blast search results, these 14 transcripts were assigned putative identities and placed into four broad categories of proteins: unknown function, defensive, structural/glycine-rich, and digestive. The transcripts were highly expressed for the first 13-15 days postemergence during the diapause initiation and early diapause maintenance phases and were then substantially down-regulated. These down-regulated transcripts were also highly expressed for the first seven days postemergence in nondiapausing adults and their expression became more variable on day 9 or 11 in most individuals examined. The glycine-rich protein transcripts were all down-regulated by day 11 in the nondiapausing adults. A comparison of the transcript expression patterns between diapause initiation phase and nondiapausing adults showed that elevated levels of expression of the glycine-rich transcripts and two transcripts with unknown functions persisted for approximately four days longer in the diapause-programmed beetles. (c) 2008 Elsevier LtdElsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Yocum, George D.; Rinehart, Joseph P.; Larson, Marnie L.] USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Chirumamilla-Chapara, Anitha] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Entomol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Yocum, GD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM george.yocum@ars.usda.gov NR 36 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 55 IS 1 BP 32 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2008.10.003 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA 396WC UT WOS:000262621000005 PM 18992752 ER PT J AU Wu, XY Leonard, BR Zhu, YC Abel, CA Head, GP Huang, FN AF Wu, Xiaoyi Leonard, B. Rogers Zhu, Yu Cheng Abel, Craig A. Head, Graham P. Huang, Fangneng TI Susceptibility of Cry1Ab-resistant and -susceptible sugarcane borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to four Bacillus thuringiensis toxins SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diatraea saccharalis; Bacillus thuringiensis; Cross-resistance; Resistance management; Practical mortality; Field corn ID EUROPEAN CORN-BORER; CROSS-RESISTANCE; MAIZE AB Sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is a primary corn stalk borer pest targeted by transgenic corn expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) proteins in many areas of the mid-southern region of the United States. Recently, genes encoding for Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 Bt proteins were transferred into corn plants (event MON 89034) for controlling lepidopteran pests. This new generation of Bt corn with stacked-genes of Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 will become commercially available in 2009. Susceptibility of Cry1Ab-susceptible and -resistant strains of D. saccharalis were evaluated on four selected Bt proteins including Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac, Cry1A.105, and Cry2Ab2. The Cry1Ab-resistant strain is capable of completing its larval development on commercial Cry1Ab-expressing corn plants. Neonates of D. saccharalis were assayed on a meridic diet containing one of the four Cry proteins. Larval mortality, body weight, and number of surviving larvae that did not gain significant weight (<0.1 mg per larva) were recorded after 7 days. Cry1Aa was the most toxic protein against both insect strains, followed in decreasing potency by Cry1A.105, Cry1Ac, and Cry2Ab2. Using practical mortality (larvae either died or no significant weight gain after 7 days), the median lethal concentration (LC(50)) of the Cry1Ab-resistant strain was estimated to be >80-, 45-, 4.1-, and -0.5-fold greater than that of the susceptible strain to Cry1Aa, Cry1Ac, Cry1A.105 and Cry2Ab2 proteins, respectively. This information should be useful to support the commercialization of the new Bt corn event MON 89034 for managing D. saccharalis in the mid-southern region of the United States. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, Xiaoyi; Huang, Fangneng] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Leonard, B. Rogers] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Macon Ridge Res Stn, Winnsboro, LA 71295 USA. [Zhu, Yu Cheng; Abel, Craig A.] USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta State Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Head, Graham P.] Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA. RP Huang, FN (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Dept Entomol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM fhuang@agcenter.lsu.edu FU Board of Regents of the State of Louisiana [LEQSF 2006-09-RD-A-0]; Louisiana Soybean and Feed Grain Promotion Board; USDA-CSREES; NC-205; Monsanto Company FX We thank Drs. James Ottea, Mike Stout, Mukti Ghimire for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript, and Yanxi Liu for her assistance in maintenance of insectaries. This article is published with the approval of the Director of the Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station as manuscript No. 2008-234-1717. This proj. ect represents work supported by the Board of Regents of the State of Louisiana under Contract No. LEQSF 2006-09-RD-A-0, the Louisiana Soybean and Feed Grain Promotion Board, the USDA-CSREES, NC-205, and Monsanto Company (St. Louis, MO, USA). NR 26 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-2011 J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL JI J. Invertebr. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 100 IS 1 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.jip.2008.10.003 PG 6 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 394ON UT WOS:000262456100005 PM 18955062 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Evans, RG Iversen, WM AF Kim, Y. Evans, R. G. Iversen, W. M. TI Evaluation of Closed-Loop Site-Specific Irrigation with Wireless Sensor Network SO JOURNAL OF IRRIGATION AND DRAINAGE ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE Sprinkler irrigation; Water management; Sensors; Control systems; Automation ID SOIL ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; VARIABILITY AB Automated site-specific sprinkler irrigation system can save water and maximize productivity, but implementing automated irrigation is challenging in system integration and decision making. A controllable irrigation system was integrated into a closed-loop control with a distributed wireless in-field sensor network for automated variable-rate irrigation. An experimental field was configured into five soil zones based on soil electrical conductivity. In-field soil water sensors were installed on each zone of the distributed wireless sensor network and remotely monitored by a base station for decision making. The soil water sensors were calibrated with a neutron probe and individually identified for their response ranges at each zone. Irrigation decisions were site-specifically made based on feedback of soil water conditions from distributed in-field sensor stations. Variable-rate water application was remotely controlled by the base station to actuate solenoids to regulate the amount of time an individual group of sprinkler nozzles was irrigating in a 60-s time period. The performance of the system was evaluated with the measurement of water usage and soil water status throughout the growing season. Variable water distribution collected in catch cans highly matched to the rate assigned by computer with r(2)=0.96. User-friendly software provided real-time wireless irrigation control and monitoring during the irrigation operation without interruptions in wireless radio communication. C1 [Kim, Y.; Evans, R. G.; Iversen, W. M.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Kim, Y (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM james.kim@ars.usda.gov; robert.evans@ars.usda.gov; bill.iversen@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 28 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9437 J9 J IRRIG DRAIN E-ASCE JI J. Irrig. Drainage Eng-ASCE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 25 EP 31 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9437(2009)135:1(25) PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Engineering; Water Resources GA 395NG UT WOS:000262530200004 ER PT J AU Gobster, PH AF Gobster, Paul H. TI Mission 66: Modernism and the National Park Dilemma Ethan Carr SO JOURNAL OF LEISURE RESEARCH LA English DT Book Review C1 US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Chicago, IL USA. RP Gobster, PH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Chicago, IL USA. RI Gobster, Paul/A-2826-2013 OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RECREATION PARK ASSOC PI ASHBURN PA 22377 BELMONT RIDGE RD, ASHBURN, VA 20148-4501 USA SN 0022-2216 J9 J LEISURE RES JI J. Leis. Res. PY 2009 VL 41 IS 2 BP 287 EP 290 PG 4 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 435CE UT WOS:000265320100008 ER PT J AU Clark, RN Hendee, JC Campbell, FL AF Clark, Roger N. Hendee, John C. Campbell, Frederick L. TI Values, Behavior, and Conflict in Modern Camping Culture SO JOURNAL OF LEISURE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE CAMPING; SOCIAL GOALS; RECREATION MANAGEMENT; PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION; CAMPING BEHAVIOR; ORGANIZATION OF DESIGN ID OUTDOOR RECREATION AB Research findings suggest that campers and managers subscribe to similar goals associated with camping, but they disagree about the types of activities appropriate to attaining those goals, In addition, there seem to be important differences in the way both groups perceive behavioral problems in campgrounds. Campers express less concern than managers about problems such as vandalism, theft, and nuisance behaviors. These differences are thought to be attributed to the social goals and urban behavior patterns of campers compared to the more traditional, natural environment-oriented expectations for camping behavior held by recreation managers. Certain changes in recreation user populations and in the organization of public campgrounds are discussed in relation to behavior problems. A strategy is recommended to avert problems inherent in continued change in the camping scene. C1 [Clark, Roger N.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Forest & Range Expt Stn, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Clark, RN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATL RECREATION PARK ASSOC PI ASHBURN PA 22377 BELMONT RIDGE RD, ASHBURN, VA 20148-4501 USA SN 0022-2216 EI 2159-6417 J9 J LEISURE RES JI J. Leis. Res. PY 2009 VL 41 IS 3 BP 377 EP 393 PG 17 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 483OM UT WOS:000268977100011 ER PT J AU Davey, RB Miller, JA Miller, RJ George, JE AF Davey, Ronald B. Miller, J. Allen Miller, Robert J. George, John E. TI Effect of Rainfall Exposure Immediately After a Single Dip Treatment with Coumaphos on the Control of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) on Infested Cattle SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus; coumaphos; control; rainfall exposure ID PERSISTENT EFFICACY; RESISTANT STRAIN; POUR-ON; PERMETHRIN; INSECTICIDE; PATTERNS AB Efficacy of a single dip treatment in coumaphos at 0.182% active ingredient was determined against all parasitic stages of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini) on infested cattle exposed to various levels of rainfall immediately after treatment. One group of calves remained untreated with no exposure to rainfall to serve as a negative control. A second group of cattle treated with coumaphos, but not exposed to rainfall, acted as a positive treated control. Three additional groups of coumaphos-treated cattle were exposed to 14.3, 28.6, and 42.9 nun of rainfall, respectively. In the coumaphos-treated group not exposed to a rainfall, overall mean control (99.2%) was greater and mean female engorgement weight (200 mg), egg mass weight (43 mg), and index of fecundity (IF; 2.90) were all less than any group exposed to rainfall. Although exposure to the lowest level of rainfall (14.3 nun) resulted in substantially greater control (83.7%) with lower mean egg mass weight (65 mg) and IF (62.26) than ticks exposed to 28.6 or 42.9 nun of rainfall, differences were seldom significant (P > 0.05). This suggested that higher levels of rainfall exposure adversely impacted coumaphos efficacy somewhat more than lower levels of rainfall exposure. Control remained > 97% against larval ticks regardless of rainfall exposure level; however, against nymphs or adults, dramatic declines in control occurred as a result of exposure to any rainfall. Thus, the movement of coumaphos treated cattle exposed to any level of rainfall Would pose a high risk of dispersing viable ticks into uninfested areas. C1 [Davey, Ronald B.; Miller, Robert J.] USDA ARS, So Plains Area, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Moore Air Base, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. [Miller, J. Allen; George, John E.] USDA ARS, So Plains Area, Knipling Bushland US Livestock Insects Res Lab, Kerrville, TX 78028 USA. RP Davey, RB (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Plains Area, Cattle Fever Tick Res Lab, Moore Air Base, Bldg 6419,22675 N Moorefield Rd, Edinburg, TX 78541 USA. EM Ronald.Davey@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 93 EP 99 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 393QV UT WOS:000262388700012 PM 19198522 ER PT J AU Zhang, AJ Klun, JA Wang, SF Carroll, JF Debboun, M AF Zhang, Aijun Klun, Jerome A. Wang, Shifa Carroll, John F. Debboun, Mustapha TI Isolongifolenone: A Novel Sesquiterpene Repellent of Ticks and Mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Anopheles stephensi; Ixodes scapularis; Amblyomma americanum; N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; COMPARATIVE SENSITIVITY; CALLICARPA-AMERICANA; AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; INSECT REPELLENTS; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; OIL COMPONENTS; DEET; N,N-DIETHYL-M-TOLUAMIDE; OXIDATION AB A naturally occurring sesquiterpene, isolongifolenone, derivatives of which have been used extensively as ingredients in the cosmetics industry, was discovered to effectively repel blood-feeding arthropods that are important disease vectors. We show that (-)-isolongifolenone deters the biting of the mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles stephensi Liston, more effectively than the widely used synthetic chemical repellent, N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide (DEET), in laboratory bioassays. The compound also repelled blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, and lone star ticks, Amblyomma americanum (L.), as effectively as DEET. Isolongifolenone is easily synthesized from inexpensive turpentine oil feedstock. We are therefore confident that the compound has significant potential as an inexpensive and safe repellent for protection of large human populations against blood-feeding arthropods. C1 [Zhang, Aijun; Klun, Jerome A.] USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Wang, Shifa] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Chem Engn, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Carroll, John F.] USDA ARS, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Debboun, Mustapha] USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Acad Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Hlth Serv,Med Zool Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Zhang, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 12 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 100 EP 106 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 393QV UT WOS:000262388700013 PM 19198523 ER PT J AU Wise, MG Siragusa, GR Plumblee, J Healy, M Cray, PJ Seal, BS AF Wise, Mark G. Siragusa, Gregory R. Plumblee, Jodie Healy, Mimi Cray, Paula J. Seal, Bruce S. TI Predicting Salmonella enterica serotypes by repetitive sequence-based PCR SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Food-borne bacteria; Molecular epidemiology; Serology; Gram negative bacteria ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR TYPING METHODS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; INSPECTION SERVICE; ELEMENT PCR; FOOD SAFETY; ENTERITIDIS; PATHOGENS; IDENTIFICATION AB Repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based PCR (rep-PCR) utilizing a semi-automated system, was evaluated as a method to determine Salmonella serotypes. A group of 216 Salmonella isolates belonging to 13 frequently isolated serotypes and one rarer serotype from poultry were used to create a DNA fingerprint library with the DiversiLab (TM) System software. Subsequently, a blinded set of 44 poultry isolates were fingerprinted and queried against the library in an attempt to putatively assign a serotype designation to each Salmonella isolate. The query isolates were previously typed employing standard serological techniques. Utilizing pair-wise similarity percentages as calculated by the Pearson correlation coefficient, the predicted serotype of 28 isolates matched the serological typing result. For eight isolates, rep-PCR results were interpreted as one of two very closely-related serotypes, Hadar and the rarer Istanbul. Traditional serological assays have difficulty distinguishing between these groups, and sequencing interspacer regions of the rrfH gene was unable to differentiate among isolates of these two serovars. Six of the remaining isolates resulted in no match to the database (similarity values <95%) and these indeed proved to be serotypes not included in the original library. The two remaining samples proved discrepant at the 95% similarity threshold, however examination of electropherograms clearly indicated fingerprint variability between query and library samples, suggesting an expanded rep-PCR library will be necessary for increased utility. Since serological assays can take several days to weeks to provide information, the DiversiLab System holds promise for more rapid serotype classification for members of this group. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Siragusa, Gregory R.; Seal, Bruce S.] Agr Res Serv, Poultry Microbiol Safery Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Wise, Mark G.; Healy, Mimi] Bacterial Barcodes Inc, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Plumblee, Jodie; Cray, Paula J.] Agr Res Serv, Bacterial Epidemiol & Antimicrobial Resistance Re, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Seal, BS (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Poultry Microbiol Safery Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM gsiragusa@agtechproducts.com; bruce.seal@ars.usda.gov FU Agricultural Research Service, USDA CRIS Project [6612-32000-055] FX The authors thank Johnna Garrish and Robin Kuntz for excellent technical assistance, and jean Guard-Bouldin for providing helpful comments on the manuscript.; These investigations were supported by the Agricultural Research Service, USDA CRIS Project #6612-32000-055. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD JAN PY 2009 VL 76 IS 1 BP 18 EP 24 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2008.09.006 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 396DN UT WOS:000262572500004 PM 18835303 ER PT J AU Nelson, SO Trabelsi, S AF Nelson, Stuart O. Trabelsi, Samir TI INFLUENCE OF WATER CONTENT ON RF AND MICROWAVE DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR OF FOODS SO JOURNAL OF MICROWAVE POWER AND ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY LA English DT Article DE Dielectric properties; foods; moisture content; temperature; permittivity; dielectric constant; dielectric loss factor AB The importance of dielectric properties of food materials is discussed with respect to their influence on the heating of materials by radio-frequency and microwave energy and their use for rapid, nondestructive sensing of quality characteristics of such materials. Data are presented graphically showing the frequency and temperature dependence of the dielectric constant and loss factor of wheat, fresh chicken breast meat, several fresh fruits, and apple juice, representing food materials with a wide range of moisture content. The influence of moisture or water content on the dielectric behavior of these materials is discussed, and that behavior is explained in terms of dipolar relaxation and ionic conduction. C1 [Nelson, Stuart O.; Trabelsi, Samir] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. RP Nelson, SO (reprint author), USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30613 USA. EM stuart.nelson@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MICROWAVE POWER INST PI MECHANICSVILLE PA PO BOX 1140, MECHANICSVILLE, VA 23111 USA SN 0832-7823 J9 J MICROWAVE POWER EE JI J. Microw. Power Electromagn. Energy PY 2009 VL 43 IS 2 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA V41JC UT WOS:000209541500002 ER PT J AU Ellestad, LE Malkiewicz, SA Guthrie, HD Welch, GR Porter, TE AF Ellestad, Laura E. Malkiewicz, Stefanie A. Guthrie, H. David Welch, Glenn R. Porter, Tom E. TI Expression and regulation of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper in the developing anterior pituitary gland SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHICKEN EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; HORMONE GENE-EXPRESSION; GH-RELEASING HORMONE; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; GROWTH-HORMONE; SOMATOTROPH DIFFERENTIATION; SECRETING CELLS; GILZ; CORTICOSTERONE; RECEPTOR AB The expression profile of glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) in the anterior pituitary during the second half of embryonic development in the chick is consistent with in vivo regulation by circulating corticosteroids. However, nothing else has been reported about the presence of GILZ in the neuroendocrine system. We sought to characterize expression and regulation of GILZ in the chicken embryonic pituitary gland and determine the effect of GILZ overexpression on anterior pituitary hormone levels. Pituitary GILZ mRNA levels increased during embryogenesis to a maximum on the day of hatch, and decreased through the first week after hatch. GILZ expression was rapidly upregulated by corticosterone in embryonic pituitary cells. To determine whether GILZ regulates hormone gene expression in the developing anterior pituitary, we overexpressed GILZ in embryonic pituitary cells and measured mRNA for the major pituitary hormones. Exogenous GILZ increased prolactin mRNA above basal levels, but not as high as that in corticosterone-treated cells, indicating that GILZ may play a small role in lactotroph differentiation. The largest effect we observed was a twofold increase in FSH beta subunit in cells transfected with GILZ but not treated with corticosterone, suggesting that GILZ may positively regulate gonadotroph development in a manner not involving glucocorticoids. In conclusion, this is the first report to characterize avian GILZ and examine its regulation in the developing neuroendocrine system. We have shown that GILZ is upregulated by glucocorticoids in the embryonic pituitary gland and may regulate expression of several pituitary hormones. C1 [Ellestad, Laura E.; Porter, Tom E.] Univ Maryland, Mol & Cellular Biol Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Ellestad, Laura E.; Malkiewicz, Stefanie A.; Porter, Tom E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Anim & Avian Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Guthrie, H. David; Welch, Glenn R.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Porter, TE (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Mol & Cellular Biol Program, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM teporter@umd.edu FU National Research Initiative Competitive [2003-35206-12836]; USDA FX This project was supported by National Research Initiative Competitive Grant no. 2003-35206-12836 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service. NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOSCIENTIFICA LTD PI BRISTOL PA 22 APEX COURT, WOODLANDS, BRADLEY STOKE, BRISTOL BS32 4JT, ENGLAND SN 0952-5041 J9 J MOL ENDOCRINOL JI J. Mol. Endocrinol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 42 IS 1-2 BP 171 EP 183 DI 10.1677/JME-08-0066 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 407KV UT WOS:000263362900016 PM 19060181 ER PT J AU Foulk, JA Akin, DE Dodd, RB AF Foulk, Jonn A. Akin, Danny E. Dodd, Roy B. TI Miniature Spinning Enzyme-Retted Flax Fibers SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS LA English DT Article DE flax fibers; enzymes; miniature-spinning; cotton fibers; ring spinning ID COTTON; BLENDS; PLANT AB Flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) fibers can be blended with other short staple fibers, such as cotton (Gossypium barbadense L. or Gossypium hirsutum L.), processed into a yarn, and then manufactured into a fabric. Enzyme-retting is a new, experimental method that decomposes the pectinaceous and matrix substances to separate cellulose fibers from shives using pectinase-rich enzymes and chelators. Spinning tests were used to determine how well fibers were assembled to form yarn and provided an indirect measurement of fiber properties. Miniature spinning allows expanded predictive strategies for ranking fiber production methods such as enzyme-retting and resultant yarns beyond traditional fiber testing. C1 [Foulk, Jonn A.] USDA ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, Clemson, SC 29633 USA. [Akin, Danny E.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30613 USA. [Dodd, Roy B.] Clemson Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. RP Foulk, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Cotton Qual Res Stn, POB 792, Clemson, SC 29633 USA. EM jonn.foulk@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1544-0478 J9 J NAT FIBERS JI J. Nat. Fibers PY 2009 VL 6 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1080/15440470802700238 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 662XF UT WOS:000282846900001 ER PT J AU Holser, R AF Holser, Ronald TI Biocomposites Prepared from Fiber Processing Waste and Glycerol Polyesters SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS LA English DT Article DE biobased; biodegradable; flax; polymers; shive ID VEGETABLE FIBERS; COMPOSITES; SISAL AB Biocomposites were prepared by the addition of flax fiber processing waste to glycerol and adipic acid mixtures. The processing waste consisted of fiber, cuticle, and shive fragments generated during the commercial cleaning of retted flax bast fibers. These waste materials were added at 1, 3, or 5 wt% levels to polymer formulations containing either 10% or 20% molar excess acid. The solids were randomly mixed with the polymer and cured at 125 degrees C. Tensile properties of the resulting biocomposites were determined by ASTM D 3039/D 3039M. Biocomposites formulated with 20% excess acid showed an increase in Young's modulus from 1.44 MPa to 8.56 MPa and ultimate load from 4.50 N to 8.77 N with 5 wt% added solids compared to control specimens. The percent strain values for these samples showed a corresponding decrease as the level of added solids increased. C1 ARS, USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Holser, R (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Richard Russell Res Ctr, 950 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM Ronald.Holser@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1544-0478 J9 J NAT FIBERS JI J. Nat. Fibers PY 2009 VL 6 IS 3 BP 272 EP 277 DI 10.1080/15440470903119494 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA 662XH UT WOS:000282847100004 ER PT J AU Notton, DG Buffington, ML van Noort, S AF Notton, D. G. Buffington, M. L. van Noort, S. TI The status of the type material of Pycnostigmus rostratus Cameron (Hymenoptera, Figitidae, Pycnostigminae) SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Pycnostigmus rostratus; Hymenoptera; Figitidae; Pycnostigminae types AB The status of the type material of Pycnostigmus rostratus Cameron is reviewed. There are two types: a lectotype in the Natural History Museum, London, and a paralectotype in the South African Museum, Cape Town. C1 [Notton, D. G.] Nat Hist Museum, London SW7 5BD, England. [Buffington, M. L.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, Smithsonian NMNH, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [van Noort, S.] Iziko S African Museum, Nat Hist Div, Cape Town, South Africa. RP Notton, DG (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. EM d.notton@nhm.ac.uk RI van Noort, Simon/C-4006-2017 OI van Noort, Simon/0000-0001-6930-9741 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 EI 1464-5262 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PY 2009 VL 43 IS 3-4 BP 181 EP 184 DI 10.1080/00222930802250142 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 403OL UT WOS:000263091800001 ER PT J AU Chavarria, L Hanson, P Marsh, P Shaw, S AF Chavarria, Laura Hanson, Paul Marsh, Paul Shaw, Scott TI A phytophagous braconid, Allorhogas conostegia sp nov (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), in the fruits of Conostegia xalapensis (Bonpl.) D. Don (Melastomataceae) SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article DE Doryctinae; galls; wasps ID WASP AB Before 1989 all braconid wasps were thought to be parasitoids, but in that year the first phytophagous species was reported. Subsequently, a few other examples of phytophagy have been discovered, most of which are species of Allorhogas in the subfamily Doryctinae. Until now, all demonstrated examples of phytophagy in this genus have been as gall inducers in the fruits of Fabaceae. Here we describe a new species from Costa Rica, Allorhogas conostegia Marsh and Shaw, and provide evidence that it forms galls in the fruits of Conostegia xalapensis (Melastomataceae). We also provide information on the phenology of the plant and of the galls and the effects of the galls on the host plant, and we discuss the potential species richness of Allorhogas in the Neotropics. C1 [Chavarria, Laura] UNESP, IBILCE, Dept Bot & Zool, BR-15055240 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. [Hanson, Paul] Univ Costa Rica, Escuela Biol, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Marsh, Paul] USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Shaw, Scott] Univ Wyoming, UW Insect Museum, Dept Renewable Resources 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Chavarria, L (reprint author), UNESP, IBILCE, Dept Bot & Zool, Rua Cristovao Colombo 2265, BR-15055240 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. EM laurachp@gmail.com NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-2933 J9 J NAT HIST JI J. Nat. Hist. PY 2009 VL 43 IS 43-44 BP 2677 EP 2689 AR PII 915949798 DI 10.1080/00222930903243996 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 517WO UT WOS:000271649900002 ER PT J AU Liu, YL Delwiche, SR Graybosch, RA AF Liu, Yongliang Delwiche, Stephen R. Graybosch, Robert A. TI Two-dimensional correlation analysis of near infrared spectral intensity variations of ground wheat SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE two-dimensional correlation analysis; NIR spectroscopy; wheat; protein content; protein quality ID HARD RED WINTER; CORRELATION SPECTROSCOPY; QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS; VIBRATION SPECTROSCOPY; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; REFLECTANCE; PROTEINS; FLOUR; FUNCTIONALITY; STRENGTH AB Generalised two-dimensional (2D) correlation analysis was applied to characterise the NIR spectral intensity fluctuations among many spectra of ground wheat with multi-variable variations. Prior to 2D analysis, the spectra having neighbouring protein reference values were averaged and then the new spectral set was subjected to principal component analysis for cluster classification. This was repeated for sodium dodecyl sulphate sedimentation (SDSS) volume. Synchronous and asynchronous 2D correlation spectra enhanced spectral resolution and provided information about protein content- and SDSS index-dependent intensity changes not readily accessible from one-dimensional NIR spectra of wheat. The results revealed remarkable differences between the protein content- and SDSS index-induced NIR spectral response. Of interest were several unique protein bands around 1980nm, 2040nm, 2200nm, 2260nm and 2350nm in high protein and SDSS wheat. At least one of these bands could be associated with gluten protein (a complex formed primarily from gliadin and glutenin) that influences the end-use quality of wheat flour. C1 [Delwiche, Stephen R.] ARS, Food Qual Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Liu, Yongliang] Univ Maryland, Dept Nutr & Food Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Graybosch, Robert A.] ARS, Grain Forage & Bioenergy Res Lab, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Delwiche, SR (reprint author), ARS, Food Qual Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Bldg 303,BARC East,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Stephen.Delwiche@ars.usda.gov NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 1 BP 41 EP 50 DI 10.1255/jnirs.823 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 415LD UT WOS:000263934400004 ER PT J AU Sohn, M Kim, Y Vines, LL Kays, SE AF Sohn, Miryeong Kim, Yookyung Vines, Laura L. Kays, Sandra E. TI Near infrared analysis of lipid classes in processed cereal products SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE near infrared; NIR; MPLS; lipids; fat; fatty acid; saturated; monounsaturated; polyunsaturated; nutrition labelling ID TOTAL DIETARY FIBER; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RAPID PREDICTION; FAT; ENERGY AB Previous work showed total fat can be assessed rapidly and accurately by near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy in processed cereal food products. In this study, the potential of NIR spectroscopy for the rapid measurement of saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat was investigated. Fatty acid composition was determined in ground cereal products using a modification of AOAC Method 996.01 and reflectance spectra obtained with a dispersive NIR instrument. Modified partial least squares models were calculated for the prediction of lipid classes using multivariate analysis software. Models predicted saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in separate validation samples with sufficient accuracy for screening samples (RPDs of 3.5-4.2). C1 [Sohn, Miryeong; Vines, Laura L.; Kays, Sandra E.] USDA ARS, Richard B Russell Agr Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. [Kim, Yookyung] Korea Univ, Seoul 136701, South Korea. RP Sohn, M (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM miryeong.sohn@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 3 BP 127 EP 133 DI 10.1255/jnirs.835 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 479ZV UT WOS:000268702000003 ER PT J AU Peshlov, BN Dowell, FE Drummond, FA Donahue, DW AF Peshlov, Boyan N. Dowell, Ftoyd E. Drummond, Francis A. Donahue, Darrell W. TI Comparison of three near infrared spectro photo meters for infestation detection in wild blueberries using multivariate calibration models SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE NIR spectroscopy; insect infestation; non-destructive detection; fruit; blueberry; instrument comparison ID INTERNAL INSECT INFESTATION; DIFFUSE-REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; SOLUBLE SOLIDS CONTENT; WHEAT KERNELS; SUGAR CONTENT; NIR SPECTROSCOPY; DRY-MATTER; LOW-COST; FRUIT; QUALITY AB A near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy system for rapid, automated and non-destructive detection of insect infestation in blueberries is desirable to ensure high quality fruit for the fresh and processed markets. The selection of suitable instruments is the first step in system development. Three diode array spectrophotometers were evaluated based on technical specifications and capacity for larva detection in wild blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium) using discriminant partial least squares (PLS) regression models. These instruments, differing mainly in wavelength range and detector type, comprised two spectro photometers with scanning wavelength ranges of 6501100 nm and 600-1700 nm and an imaging spectrograph with the scanning range of 950-1400 nm. The assessed factors affecting predictions included signal-to-noise ratio, wavelength range, resolution, measurement configuration, spectral pre-processing and absorbance bands related to infestation. The scanning spectrophotometers demonstrated higher signal-to-noise ratios with infestation prediction accuracies of 82% and 76.9% compared to the imaging spectrograph with 58.9% accuracy. Resolution, spectral pre-processing and measurement configuration had a lesser effect on model accuracy than wavelength range. The 950-1690 nm bands were identified as important for infestation prediction. In general, NIR spectroscopy should be a feasible technique for rapid classification of insect infestation in fruit. C1 [Peshlov, Boyan N.; Drummond, Francis A.; Donahue, Darrell W.] Univ Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Dowell, Ftoyd E.] USDA ARS, Grain Mkt & Prod Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Peshlov, BN (reprint author), Univ Maine, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM peshlov_b@yahoo.com FU Wild Blueberry Commission of Maine; USDA-CSREES FX This research was supported by the Wild Blueberry Commission of Maine and USDA-CSREES funds. Judith Collins from Biological Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA is acknowledged for providing infested blueberries and laboratory-raised fruit flies. Drs Renfu Lu and Daniel Guyer at the USDA-ARS-Michigan, East Lansing, MI, USA are acknowledged for allowing us to use their NIR equipment and for valuable discussions. Elizabeth Maghirang and Dr M.S. Ram (retired) at the Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, USDA-ARS, Manhattan, KS, USA are acknowledged for their indispensable help in the early stages of this project. NR 33 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 9 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 4 BP 203 EP 212 DI 10.1255/jnirs.842 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 511MV UT WOS:000271170400005 ER PT J AU Peiris, KHS Pumphrey, MO Dowell, FE AF Peiris, Kamaranga H. S. Pumphrey, Michael O. Dowell, Floyd E. TI NIR absorbance characteristics of deoxynivalenol and of sound and Fusarium-damaged wheat kernels SO JOURNAL OF NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE NIR; wheat; Fusarium head blight; deoxynivalenol; Fusarium-damaged kernels ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; HEAD BLIGHT; SCAB; GRAMINEARUM; RESISTANCE; ACCUMULATION; BARLEY; GRAIN AB The near infrared (NIR) absorption spectra of deoxynivalenol (DON) and single wheat kernels with or without DON were examined. The NIR absorption spectra of 0.5-2000 ppm of DON in acetonitrile were recorded in the 350-2500 nm range. Second derivative processing of the NIR spectra and spectral subtractions showed DON absorption bands at 1408 nm, 1904 nm and 1919 nm. NIR spectra of sound and Fusarium-damaged kernels were also acquired using two instruments. Subtraction of average absorption spectra and second derivative spectra were evaluated to identify different NIR signatures of the two types of kernel. Differences in peak height and positions of the NIR absorption bands of the kernels were noted. At 1204 nm. 1365 nm and 1700 nm, the differences were in the heights of the absorption peaks. Such differences may be attributed to changes in the levels of grain food reserves such as starches, proteins and lipids and other structural compounds. Shifts in absorption peak positions between the two types of kernels were observed at 1425-1440 nm and 1915-1930 nm. These differences may arise from other NIR active compounds. such as DON, which are not common for the two types of kernel. Since the NIR absorption of DON may have contributed to the shifts between sound and Fusarium-damaged kernels, this study indicates the potential for NIR spectrometry to evaluate Fusarium damage in single kernels based on the DON levels. C1 [Dowell, Floyd E.] ARS, USDA, GMPRC Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Peiris, Kamaranga H. S.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Pumphrey, Michael O.] ARS, USDA, GMPRC Plant Sci & Entomol Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Dowell, FE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, GMPRC Engn & Wind Eros Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. EM Floyd.Dowell@ars.usda.gov NR 22 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 12 PU N I R PUBLICATIONS PI CHICHESTER PA 6 CHARLTON MILL, CHARLTON, CHICHESTER PO18 0HY, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0967-0335 J9 J NEAR INFRARED SPEC JI J. Near Infrared Spectrosc. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 4 BP 213 EP 221 DI 10.1255/jnirs.846 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 511MV UT WOS:000271170400006 ER PT J AU Waterland, RA AF Waterland, Robert A. TI Interindividual Epigenetic Variation: When, Why, and So What? SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Waterland, Robert A.] ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4-5 BP 195 EP 195 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 610BD UT WOS:000278703300017 ER PT J AU Spence, JT AF Spence, Joseph T. TI Opportunities and Challenges for the US Department of Agriculture SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Spence, Joseph T.] Agr Res Serv, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4-5 BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 610BD UT WOS:000278703300036 ER PT J AU Corella, D Carrasco, P Ortega, C Portoles, O Guillen, M Sorli, JV Coltell, O Arregui, M Estruch, R Ordovas, JM AF Corella, Dolores Carrasco, Paula Ortega, Carolina Portoles, Olga Guillen, Marisa Sorli, Jose V. Coltell, Oscar Arregui, Maria Estruch, Ramon Ordovas, J. M. TI Study of Genetic Variation in FTO and MC4R With Food Intake and Body Mass Index in a Mediterranean Population SO JOURNAL OF NUTRIGENETICS AND NUTRIGENOMICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Corella, Dolores; Carrasco, Paula; Ortega, Carolina; Portoles, Olga; Guillen, Marisa; Sorli, Jose V.] Univ Valencia, E-46003 Valencia, Spain. [Coltell, Oscar; Arregui, Maria] James I Univ, Castellon De La Plana, Spain. [Estruch, Ramon] Clin Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. [Ordovas, J. M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1661-6499 J9 J NUTRIGENET NUTRIGE JI J. Nutrigenet. Nutrigenomics PY 2009 VL 2 IS 4-5 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Genetics & Heredity; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 610BD UT WOS:000278703300044 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Muniz, FJ Maki, KC Schaefer, EJ Ordovas, JM AF Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco J. Maki, Kevin C. Schaefer, Ernst J. Ordovas, Jose M. TI Serum Lipid and Antioxidant Responses in Hypercholesterolemic Men and Women Receiving Plant Sterol Esters Vary by Apolipoprotein E Genotype SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID DIETARY SITOSTANOL; E PHENOTYPE; CHOLESTEROL-METABOLISM; ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL; E POLYMORPHISM; PLASMA-LIPIDS; HEART-DISEASE; LDL-RECEPTOR; PHYTOSTEROLS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Plant sterol esters reduce serum total cholesterol (TC) and LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), but with striking interindividual variability. In this randomized, double-blind, controlled study, serum lipid, plant sterol, fat-soluble vitamin, and carotenoid responses to plant sterols were studied according to the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype in 217 hypercholesterolemic adults. Subjects received a reduced saturated fat and cholesterol diet for 4 wk, followed by a 5-wk intervention during which they consumed a control spread (n= 87) or a spread with plant sterol esters (1.1 g/d or 2.2 g/d plant sterols; n=120). Twenty-six subjects carried the E2 allele (E2E2 and E2E3), 51 had the E4 allele (E3E4+E4E4), and 130 were E3 homozygotes. Ten E2E4 carriers were not studied. At baseline, the serum triacylglycerol (TAG) concentration was lower in E4 subjects than in E3 subjects, alpha-tocopherol was lower in E4 subjects than in E2 individuals, and LDL-C was lower in E2 carriers than in E3 and E4 carriers (P < 0.05 for all). During sterol consumption, TC, LDL-C, and ApoB concentrations and the TC:LDL-C and LDL-C:HDL-C ratios decreased in only E2 and E3 subjects and TAG decreased in only E2 subjects (all P < 0.05 vs. control). Significant reductions in serum carotenoids (P < 0.05 vs. control) were demonstrated for some alleles: beta-carotene and lycopene in E2 and E4; alpha-carotene in E3; cryptoxanthin in E3 and E4; zeaxanthin in E4; lycopene in E2 and E4; and lutein in E2 carriers. Thus, responses to plant sterols vary by ApoE genotype and may be of little value in ApoE4 carriers, who had reductions in serum carotenoid concentrations but not in TC, LDL-C, or ApoB. J. Nutr. 139: 13-19, 2009. C1 [Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco J.] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Nutr & Bromatol Nutr 1, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Maki, Kevin C.] Provident Clin Res, Chicago, IL USA. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Schaefer, Ernst J.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lipid Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Sanchez-Muniz, FJ (reprint author), Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Farm, Dept Nutr & Bromatol Nutr 1, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. EM frasan@farm.ucm.es RI Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco/K-9795-2014 OI Sanchez-Muniz, Francisco/0000-0002-2660-5126 FU Unilever, Inc. (Lipton); Englewood Cliffs, NJ; Spanish Direccion General de Ensenanza Superior a Investigacion Cientifica del Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura [PR2000-0340] FX Supported by Unilever, Inc. (Lipton), Englewood Cliffs, NJ and by the Spanish Direccion General de Ensenanza Superior a Investigacion Cientifica del Ministerio de Educacion y Cultura [fellowship for the Formacion para el Personal Investigador en el Extranjero (reference PR2000-0340) F. J. Sanchez-Munizl. NR 46 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 139 IS 1 BP 13 EP 19 DI 10.3945/jn.108.090969 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 384XI UT WOS:000261777100004 PM 19056656 ER PT J AU Hamer, DH Sempertegui, F Estrella, B Tucker, KL Rodriguez, A Egas, J Dallal, GE Selhub, J Griffiths, JK Meydani, SN AF Hamer, Davidson H. Sempertegui, Fernando Estrella, Bertha Tucker, Katherine L. Rodriguez, Alicia Egas, Josefina Dallal, Gerard E. Selhub, Jacob Griffiths, Jeffrey K. Meydani, Simin Nikbin TI Micronutrient Deficiencies Are Associated with Impaired Immune Response and Higher Burden of Respiratory Infections in Elderly Ecuadorians SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME; ZINC; HYPERSENSITIVITY; POPULATION; SUPPLEMENTATION; PNEUMONIA; MORTALITY; DISEASE AB The proportion of the Latin American population above age 65 y is expected to rise Substantially. To better define the prevalence of infectious diseases and micronutrient deficiencies, assess immunological status, and evaluate associations between nutritional status and infection, we performed a cross-sectional study of elderly Ecuadorians in a low-income peri-urban community in Quito, Ecuador. Culturally adapted questionnaires, delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin response, micronutrient, and immunological assays were performed in randomly selected Ecuadorians aged >= 65 y. Multiple linear and logistic regression models were developed to assess relationships between micronutrient concentrations and history of infection, DTH, and immune function. Participants (n = 352; mean age +/- SD, 74.4 +/- 6.4 y) recalled recent episodes of colds/influenza-like syndromes (62.8%), cough (61.0%), urinary tract infection (37.9%), diarrhea (32.2%), fever (24.1%), and pneumonia (3.5%). A prospective substudy of respiratory infections (RI) in 203 elderly revealed similar findings. Colds and pneumonia occurred in 42.8 and 7.9% of participants, respectively, during 737 person-weeks of observation (3.6 +/- 1.1 wk per person). Anemia and micronutrient deficiencies, especially for vitamins C, D, B-6, and B-12 and folic acid and zinc, were common. Plasma vitamin C was associated with interferon-gamma (IFN gamma) (P < 0.01) and zinc with IFN gamma and interleukin-2 (each P < 0.0001). RI history was associated with any micronutrient deficiency (P < 0.001). The burden of infectious diseases, micronutrient deficiencies, and anemia was substantial in this elderly Ecuadorian population. Deficiencies of essential vitamins and minerals place these elderly adults at risk for infections through their negative impact on immune function. J. Nutr. 139: 113-119, 2009. C1 [Hamer, Davidson H.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Selhub, Jacob; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.; Tucker, Katherine L.; Dallal, Gerard E.; Selhub, Jacob; Griffiths, Jeffrey K.; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Friedman Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Boston, MA USA. [Griffiths, Jeffrey K.; Meydani, Simin Nikbin] Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Sempertegui, Fernando; Estrella, Bertha; Rodriguez, Alicia] Corporac Ecuatoriana Biotecnol, Quito, Ecuador. [Egas, Josefina] Pontif Catholic Univ Ecuador, Dept Microbiol, Quito, Ecuador. RP Meydani, SN (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sackler Sch Grad Sci, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM simin.meydani@tufts.edu RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; OI Tucker, Katherine/0000-0001-7640-662X; Hamer, Davidson/0000-0002-4700-1495 FU NIH Fogarty International Center [1 R03 TW005779-01A1]; National Institute on Aging [2801 AG009140-10A1]; National Institute of Child Health and Development [R01 HD38327]; USDA [58-1950-7-707] FX Supported by the NIH Fogarty International Center (1 R03 TW005779-01A1), the National Institute on Aging (2801 AG009140-10A1), National Institute of Child Health and Development (R01 HD38327), and cooperative agreement no. 58-1950-7-707 with the USDA. NR 36 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 139 IS 1 BP 113 EP 119 DI 10.3945/jn.108.095091 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 384XI UT WOS:000261777100020 PM 19056665 ER PT J AU Sandstead, HH Nielsen, FH AF Sandstead, Harold H. Nielsen, Forrest H. TI The Origin and Evolution of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, 1970-90 SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut AB In the early 1960s William E. Cornatzer, MD, PhD suggested the need for increased USDA research concerning human nutrition and creation of the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Laboratory (later the Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center). He shared ideas with Senator Milton R. Young of North Dakota who requested that the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) prepare a proposal for such a program. In 1963 Senator Young submitted the proposal that included construction of regional centers to the U.S. Senate. The Grand Forks Human Nutrition Laboratory began operation in 1970. The attentions of Senator Young, Representative/Senator Mark Andrews, and Senator Quentin Burdick concerning the budgetary and construction needs facilitated development of the Center from its inception through 1990. Success of the enterprise rests on the creativity, industry, and other qualities of the Center's scientists and support staff, and collaborators at cooperating institutions. Their work resulted in a greater understanding of trace element nutrition and it role in human health. J. Nutr. 139: 173-177, 2009. C1 [Sandstead, Harold H.] Univ Texas Galveston, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Div Human Nutr, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Nielsen, Forrest H.] USDA ARS, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58201 USA. RP Sandstead, HH (reprint author), Univ Texas Galveston, Med Branch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Div Human Nutr, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM hsandste@utmb.edu NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 139 IS 1 BP 173 EP 177 DI 10.3945/jn.108.092692 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 384XI UT WOS:000261777100032 PM 19056635 ER PT J AU Beecher, GR Stewart, KK Holden, JM Harnly, JM Wolf, WR AF Beecher, Gary R. Stewart, Kent K. Holden, Joanne M. Harnly, James M. Wolf, Wayne R. TI Legacy of Wilbur O. Atwater: Human Nutrition Research Expansion at the USDA-Interagency Development of Food Composition Research SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Experimental Biology 2007 Annual Meeting CY APR 28-MAY 02, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists, Amer Physiol Soc, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, Amer Soc Investigat Pathol, Amer Soc Nutr, Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut ID NUTRIENT ANALYSIS PROGRAM; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; SELENIUM CONTENT; NATIONAL FOOD; IDENTIFICATION; FRUITS; SYSTEM; TRIAL AB The systematic chemical analysis of foods for human consumption in the United States had its origin with Wilbur O. Atwater. This activity began in the 1860s while Atwater was a student at Yale University and continued through his tenures at Wesleyan University and the Storrs (Connecticut) Experiment Station. These activities moved with Atwater to the USDA in Washington, DC and ultimately to the Henry D. Wallace Beltsville Agricultural Research Center in Beltsville, MD early in the 1900s. During the first half of the 20th century, food composition activities were guided by the discovery of new essential nutrients and the need to measure and tabulate their levels in foods. Later in the century, the association between diet and chronic diseases was recognized. As a result, collaborations were established between other food- and health-related government agencies, the food industry, and many universities. At the same time, computer and communication technology greatly advanced, which became integral to laboratory instrumentation and allowed data in the National Nutrient Databank System to be available electronically. Simultaneously, accuracy of analytical data came under scrutiny and a new paradigm was established in collaboration with governmental metrology units worldwide. Advances in computer technology and the increased focus on accuracy of analytical data subsequently led to the development of quality indicators for all food composition data. Recently, increased consumption of dietary Supplements resulted in the broadening of food composition efforts and development of new collaborations with government agencies, several industries, and universities. J. Nutr. 139: 178-184, 2009. C1 [Beecher, Gary R.; Stewart, Kent K.; Holden, Joanne M.; Harnly, James M.; Wolf, Wayne R.] USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Beecher, GR (reprint author), USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.beecher@gmail.com NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 139 IS 1 BP 178 EP 184 DI 10.3945/jn.108.095547 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 384XI UT WOS:000261777100033 PM 19056813 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, IH AF Rosenberg, Irwin H. TI History of the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Rosenberg, IH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM irwin.rosenberg@tufts.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 139 IS 1 BP 192 EP 193 DI 10.3945/jn.108.096776 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 384XI UT WOS:000261777100036 PM 19056814 ER PT J AU Jain, AK Motil, KJ Olutoye, OO Cope-Yokoyama, S Egler, RA Tatevian, N AF Jain, Ajay Kumar Motil, Kathleen J. Olutoye, Oluyinka O. Cope-Yokoyama, Sandy Egler, Rachel A. Tatevian, Nina TI Colon Cancer in a 16-Year-Old Girl: Signet-Ring Cell Carcinoma Without Microsatellite Instability-An Unusual Suspect SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER; CHILDREN; MUTATION; ADENOCARCINOMA; ADOLESCENTS; RECTUM; HNPCC; HMLH1; HYPERMETHYLATION; CHILDHOOD C1 [Motil, Kathleen J.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jain, Ajay Kumar; Motil, Kathleen J.] Baylor Coll Med, Sect Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Jain, Ajay Kumar; Motil, Kathleen J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Olutoye, Oluyinka O.] Baylor Coll Med, Michael E DeBakey Dept Surg, Div Pediat Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Egler, Rachel A.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Sect Pediat Hematol & Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Tatevian, Nina] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Motil, KJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM kmotil@bcm.edu NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0277-2116 J9 J PEDIATR GASTR NUTR JI J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP 110 EP 114 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Nutrition & Dietetics; Pediatrics GA 390MH UT WOS:000262167900019 PM 19172134 ER PT J AU Roh, MS Lawson, R AF Roh, Mark S. Lawson, Roger TI Source of Boron in Curcuma for Burn Symptoms at Leaf Margins SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE boron toxicity; foliar analysis; rhizome position; physiological disorder ID TRANSLOCATION; PLANTS AB This study was initiated to investigate the source of boron (B) accumulated in margins of old leaves of Curcuma 'Chiangmai University Pride' ('CMU Pride'). Nutrient elements were analyzed from different parts of the rhizome before potting and from whole rhizomes at harvest, and different leaf locations of young and old leaves during forcing in coarse sand medium. Plants were fertilized with solutions lacking B during the forcing period. Leaf-margin burn symptoms in old leaves of 'CMU Pride' could result from the combination of high levels of B and low total N levels. High levels of manganese (Mn) may not be involved in leaf margin-burn symptoms. Boron accumulated in the outer region of the old leaves could result from following evaporation of gutatted water droplets containing dissolved B. High levels of B in the edge of the old leaves may not be transported from the rhizomes. C1 [Roh, Mark S.; Lawson, Roger] ARS, USDA, Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Roh, MS (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Arboretum Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, B-010A,Rm 238,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Mark.Roh@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2009 VL 32 IS 5 BP 798 EP 808 AR PII 910213977 DI 10.1080/01904160902787891 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 435ID UT WOS:000265336700007 ER PT J AU Jaradat, AA Rinke, JL AF Jaradat, Abdullah A. Rinke, Jana L. TI Dynamics of Macro- and Micronutrients in Cuphea SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE cuphea; oil crop; nutrient density; nutrient homeostasis ID MINERAL-COMPOSITION; SEED; ACCUMULATION; TOLERANCE; NITROGEN; SULFUR; PLANTS; CULTIVARS; CALCIUM; GROWTH AB Temporal dynamics of nutrient densities, their interrelationships, and remobilization from leaves to seeds of cuphea were quantified in growth chamber and field studies. Temporal nutrient densities in leaf samples exhibited large levels of variation, whether remobilized and largely accumulated in the seed [copper, (Cu), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S) and zinc (Zn)], remobilized and accumulated in the seed coat [boron (B), calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), and sodium (Na)] or almost excluded from the seed [barium (Ba), selenium (Se) and strontium (Sr)]. The temporal seed-to-leaf nutrient density "[S]/[L]" ratios and the proportion of variance unique to each nutrient separated the nutrients into a group (Cu, Fe, S, and Zn) with large [S]/[L] ratios and large unique variances, and another group (B, Ca, Mg, Mn and Sr) with small [S]/[L] ratios and small unique variances; the first group was selectively stored in the developing embryo. Nutrients with large densities in leaves at harvest may constitute a resource potentially available for subsequent crops. C1 [Jaradat, Abdullah A.; Rinke, Jana L.] ARS, USDA, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP Jaradat, AA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM abdullah.jaradat@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2009 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1383 EP 1406 DI 10.1080/01904160903007901 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 500TX UT WOS:000270329300010 ER PT J AU Riedell, WE Catangui, MA Beckendorf, EA AF Riedell, Walter E. Catangui, Michael A. Beckendorf, Eric A. TI Nitrogen Fixation, Ureide, and Nitrate Accumulation Responses to Soybean Aphid Injury in Glycine max SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE soybean; Glycine max (L; ) Merrill; soybean aphid; Aphis glycines Matsumura; insect feeding injury; nitrogen; ureide; nitrate ID ROOT-NODULES; N-2 FIXATION; YIELD; LEGHEMOGLOBIN; TRANSPORT; PLANTS; AVAILABILITY; ASSIMILATION; GREENHOUSE; METABOLISM AB There is little information available about soybean aphid (Aphis glycines Matsumura) effects on the physiology and mineral nutrition of soybean (Glycine max [L.] merr.). Controlled-environment studies were conducted to measure soybean aphid infestation effects on dry weight, nitrogen (N) fixation, ureide-N, and nitrate-N concentration and accumulation. Plants grown in perlite using -N nutrient solution culture were infested at the 3rd trifoliolate (V3) stage and measured for N fixation, nodule characteristics, and ureide-N concentration at the full pod (R4) stage. When compared to uninfested control plants, aphid infestation reduced total nodule volume per plant by 34%, nodule leghemoglobin per plant by 31%, plant N fixation rate by 80% and shoot ureide-N concentration by 20%. Soil-grown plants were infested at the first trifoliolate (V1) stage and shoots were measured for dry weight, nitrate-N, and ureide-N at the full bloom (R2) stage. Infestation reduced shoot dry weight by 63%, increased nitrate-N concentration by 75%, but did not significantly affect ureide-N concentration. Because nutrient concentration is a single-point measurement that results from the integration of two dynamic processes, nutrient accumulation and dry matter production, we conclude that aphid-induced reductions in N fixation, coupled with decreased dry weight accumulation, caused shoot ureide-N concentration to remain unchanged in aphid-injured plants when compared to uninfested plants. Because nitrate-N concentration was greater in aphid-damaged shoot tissue, we further conclude that nitrate-N accumulation was less sensitive to aphid injury than dry weight accumulation. C1 [Riedell, Walter E.; Beckendorf, Eric A.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Catangui, Michael A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Riedell, WE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM walter.riedell@ars.usda.gov FU South Dakota Soybean Research and Promotion Council FX Research supported in part by a grant from the South Dakota Soybean Research and Promotion Council. The authors thank A. Rohweder, K. Anderson, and J. Zebill, and L. Draper for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing information to the reader and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the USDA. USDA offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race, color, age, sex, or national origin. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2009 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1674 EP 1686 AR PII 914690342 DI 10.1080/01904160903150925 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 492WU UT WOS:000269694100006 ER PT J AU Pierce, SC Pezeshki, SR Moore, MT Larsen, D AF Pierce, S. C. Pezeshki, S. R. Moore, M. T. Larsen, D. TI Nutrient Response of Water Hyssop to Varying Degrees of Soil Saturation SO JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE nitrogen; phosphorus; nutrient uptake; environmental stresses; water quality ID PLANT BACOPA-MONNIERI; ANOXIA TOLERANCE; TYPHA-LATIFOLIA; BACOSIDE-A; GROWTH; PLAIN; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; ACCUMULATION; MECHANISMS; SEEDLINGS AB Tissue concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were measured in water hyssop (Bacopa monnieri) subjected to four progressive levels of flooding: well-drained Control, Intermittently Flooded, Partially Flooded, and Continuously Flooded. Soil redox potential (Eh), measured at two levels in the mesocosms decreased under flooding. Flooding increased biomass and decreased root growth and N and P concentrations in shoots, with the decreases being most pronounced in the Partially Flooded and Continuously Flooded treatments. The decreased uptake of N and P under flooding underscores the need to better understand how wetland plants function in nutrient-rich environments subjected to variable flooding. Additionally, the apparent decreased translocation of N and P from the root to the shoot in flooding conditions may be indicative of an overall decrease in mineral transport, which would have implications for the design and management of remediation systems. C1 [Pierce, S. C.; Pezeshki, S. R.] Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Moore, M. T.] USDA ARS, Natl Sedimentat Lab, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Larsen, D.] Univ Memphis, Dept Earth Sci, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Pezeshki, SR (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Biol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. EM pezeshki@memphis.edu NR 39 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0190-4167 J9 J PLANT NUTR JI J. Plant Nutr. PY 2009 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1687 EP 1701 AR PII 914691436 DI 10.1080/01904160903150933 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 492WU UT WOS:000269694100007 ER PT J AU Vu, JCV Allen, LH AF Vu, Joseph C. V. Allen, Leon H., Jr. TI Growth at elevated CO2 delays the adverse effects of drought stress on leaf photosynthesis of the C-4 sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Carbohydrates; C-4 photosynthesis; Drought; Rising atmospheric CO2 ID ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER-STRESS; RISING CO2; BIOMASS PRODUCTION; SORGHUM LEAVES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLANTS; YIELD; TEMPERATURE; MAIZE AB Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L. cv. CP72-2086) was grown in suntit greenhouses at daytime [CO2] of 360 (ambient) and 720 (elevated) mu mol mol (1). Drought stress was imposed for 13d when plants were 4 months old, and various photosynthetic parameters and levels of nonstructural carbohydrates were determined for uppermost fully expanded leaves of well-watered (control) and drought stress plants. Control plants at elevated (CO2] were 34% and 25% lower in leaf stomatal. conductance (g(s)) and transpiration rate (E) and 35% greater in leaf water-use efficiency (WUE) than their counterparts at ambient [CO2]. Leaf CO2 exchange rate (CER) and activities of Rubisco, NADP-matate dehydrogenase, NADP-malic enzyme and pyruvate Pi dikinase were marginally affected by elevated [CO2], but were reduced by drought, whereas activity of PEP carboxylase was reduced by elevated [CO2], but not by drought. At severe drought developed at day 12, leaf g(s) and WUE of ambient-[CO2] stress plants declined to 5% and 7%, while elevated-[CO2] stress plants still maintained gs and WUE at 20% and 74% of their controls. In control plants, elevated [CO2] did not enhance the midday levels of starch, sucrose, or reducing sugars. For both ambient- and elevated-[CO2] stress plants, severe drought did not affect the midday Level of sucrose but substantially reduced that of starch. Nighttime starch decomposition in control plants was 55% for ambient [CO2] and 59% for elevated [CO2], but was negligible for stress plants of both [CO2] treatments. For both ambient-[CO2] control and stress plants, midday sucrose level at day 12 was similar to the predawn value at day 13. In contrast, sucrose levels of elevated-[CO2] control and stress plants at predawn of day 13 were 61-65% of the midday values of day 12. Levels of reducing sugars were much greater for both ambient- and elevated-[CO2] stress plants, implying an adaptation to drought stress. Sugarcane grown at elevated [CO2] had tower leaf g(s) and E and greater Leaf WUE, which helped to delay the adverse effects of drought and, thus, allowed the stress plants to continue photosynthesis for at least an extra day during episodic drought cycles. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, Leon H., Jr.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, Leon H., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Vu, JCV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM jcvu@ufl.edu NR 41 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 4 U2 61 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 2 BP 107 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.02.009 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 395HZ UT WOS:000262516500001 PM 18462832 ER PT J AU Ciganda, V Gitelson, A Schepers, J AF Ciganda, Veronica Gitelson, Anatoly Schepers, James TI Non-destructive determination of maize leaf and canopy chlorophyll content SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlorophyll; Maize; Model; Non-destructive; Reflectance ID SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE; LEAVES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; VEGETATION; PRODUCTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; RADIATION; METER AB The objective of this study was to develop a rapid non-destructive technique to estimate total chlorophyll (Chl) content in a maize canopy using Chl content in a single leaf. The approach was (1) to calibrate and validate a reflectance-based non-destructive technique to estimate leaf Chl in maize; (2) to quantify the relative contribution of each leaf Chl to the total Chl in the canopy; and (3) to establish a relationship between leaf Chl. content and total. Chl in a maize canopy. The Red Edge Chlorophyll Index Cl-red (edge) = (R-NIR/R-red edge)-1 based on reflectances, R, in the red edge (720-730nm) and near infrared (770-800nm) was found to be an accurate measure of maize leaf Chl. It was able to predict leaf Chl ranging from 10 to 805 mg Chl m(-2) with root mean-square error less than 38 mg Chl m(-2). Relationships between Chl content in each maize leaf and total canopy Chl content were established and showed that Chl. in the collar leaf before silking or ear leaves explained more than 80% and 87% of the variation in totat Chl in a maize canopy, respectively. Thus, non-destructive measurements of both reflectance and area of a single leaf (either collar or ear) can be used to accurately estimate totat Chl content in a maize canopy. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Ciganda, Veronica; Gitelson, Anatoly] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, CALMIT, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Ciganda, Veronica] INIA Estanzuela, Colonia 39173, Uruguay. [Schepers, James] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Schepers, James] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Gitelson, A (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, CALMIT, 303 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM agitelson2@unl.edu RI Gitelson, Anatoly/G-3452-2012 NR 33 TC 54 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 2 BP 157 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.03.004 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 395HZ UT WOS:000262516500006 PM 18541334 ER PT J AU Yue, B Cai, XW Vick, B Hu, JG AF Yue, Bing Cai, Xiwen Vick, Brady Hu, Jinguo TI Genetic characterization and molecular mapping of a chlorophyll deficiency gene in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlorophyll deficiency; Genetic mapping; Sunflower; Yellow leaf color ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; CULTIVATED SUNFLOWER; LINKAGE MAP; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; L.; MARKERS; BIOSYNTHESIS; POLYMORPHISM; MUTANT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB A major gene controlling chlorophyll deficiency (phenotyped by yellow leaf color, yl) in sunflower was identified and mapped in an F(2) population derived from a cross between two breeding tines. Greenness degree was scored by a hand-held chlorophyll meter in the F(2) population. Leaf tissue from the parents, F, hybrids, and some F(2). progenies were also sampled to determine the chlorophyll content. Atl. F(2) plants had normal green leaf color and the segregation of the plants in the F(2) population fits the monogenic ratio (chi(2)((3:1)) = 0.03, p>0.9), indicating that leaf color is a monogenic trait with normal green dominant over yellow leaf color in this population. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll. in the yellow-leafed tines were reduced by 41.6%, 53.5%, and 44.3%, respectively, in comparison with those in the green-leafed tines. Genetic mapping with molecular markers positioned the gene, yl, to linkage group 10 of sunflower. An SSR marker, ORS 595, cosegregated with yl, and a TRAP marker, B26P17ga5-300, was linked to yl with a genetic distance of 4.2cM. The molecular marker tightly linked to the chlorophyll deficiency gene wilt provide insight into the process of chlorophyll metabolism in sunflower. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Hu, Jinguo] ARS, USDA, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Yue, Bing; Cai, Xiwen] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Vick, Brady] ARS, USDA, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Yue, Bing] Huazhong Agr Univ, Natl Key Lab Crop Genet Improvement, Wuhan 430070, Peoples R China. RP Hu, JG (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Plant Intro Stn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM jinguo.hu@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5442-21000-027-00D] FX The authors greatly appreciate the technical assistance from Jerry Miller, Wenge Yuan, Ping Wang, and Angetia Hogness. The authors are also grateful to the two anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and constructive suggestions, which helped improving the quality of this report. This work was partially supported by USDA-Agricultural Research Service CRIS project 5442-21000-027-00D and a competitive grant from the National Sclerotinia Initiative. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 6 BP 644 EP 651 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2008.09.008 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 427VC UT WOS:000264806200008 PM 18947900 ER PT J AU Vu, JCV Allen, LH AF Vu, Joseph C. V. Allen, Leon H., Jr. TI Stem juice production of the C-4 sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is enhanced by growth at double-ambient CO2 and high temperature SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Elevated atmospheric CO2 and temperature; Leaf photosynthesis; Plant biomass; Stem juice; Sugarcane ID RISING ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ELEVATED CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SUCROSE ACCUMULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ORANGE TREES; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PLANTS; METABOLISM; DROUGHT AB Two cultivars of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum cv. CP73-1547 and CP88-1508) were grown for 3 months in paired-companion, temperature-gradient, sunlit greenhouses under daytime [CO2] of 360 (ambient) and 720 (double ambient) mu mol mol(-1) and at temperatures of 1.5 degrees C (near ambient) and 6.0 degrees C higher than outside ambient temperature. Leaf area and biomass, stem biomass and juice and CO2. exchange rate (CER) and activities of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) of fully developed leaves were measured at harvest. On a main stem basis, leaf area, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and stem juice volume were increased by growth at doubled [CO2] or high temperature. Such increases were even greater under combination of doubled [CO2]/high temperature. Plants grown at doubled [CO2]/high temperature combination averaged 50%, 26%, 84% and 124% greater in leaf area, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and stem juice volume, respectively, compared with plants grown at ambient [CO2]/near-ambient temperature combination. In addition, plants grown at doubted [CO2]/high temperature combination were 2-3-fold higher in stem soluble solids than those at ambient [CO2]/near-ambient temperature combination. Although midday CER of fully developed leaves was not affected by doubled [CO2] or high temperature, plants grown at doubled [CO2] were 41-43% less in leaf stomatal. conductance and 69-79% greater in leaf water-use efficiency, compared with plants grown at ambient [CO2]. Activity of PEPC was down-regulated 23-32% at doubled [CO2], while high temperature did not have a significant impact on this enzyme. Activity of Rubisco was not affected by growth at doubled [CO2], but was reduced 15-28% at high temperature. The increases in stem juice production and stem juice soluble solids concentration for sugarcane grown at doubled [CO2] or high temperature, or at doubled [CO2]/high temperature combination, were partially the outcome of an increase in whole plant leaf area. Such increase would enhance the ongoing and cumulative photosynthetic capability of the whole plant. The results indicate that a doubling of [CO2] would benefit sugarcane production more than the anticipated 10-15% increase for a C-4 species. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, Leon H., Jr.] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Vu, Joseph C. V.; Allen, Leon H., Jr.] Univ Florida, Dept Agron, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Vu, JCV (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Chem Res Unit, 1600-1700 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM Joseph.Vu@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 EI 1618-1328 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 11 BP 1141 EP 1151 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.01.003 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 466OQ UT WOS:000267672200002 PM 19217687 ER PT J AU Dierking, EC Bilyeu, KD AF Dierking, Emily C. Bilyeu, Kristin D. TI Raffinose and stachyose metabolism are not required for efficient soybean seed germination SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE alpha-galactosidase inhibitor; Carbohydrates; Raffinose family oligosaccharides; Seed germination; Soybean ID DESICCATION TOLERANCE; GALACTOSYL CYCLITOLS; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; PHENOTYPE AB Raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), which include raffinose and stachyose, are thought to be an important source of energy during seed germination. In contrast to their potential for promoting germination, RFOs represent anti-nutritional units for monogastric animals when consumed as a component of feed. The exact role for RFOs during soybean seed development and germination has not been experimentally determined; but it has been hypothesized that RFOs are required for successful germination. Previously, inhibition of RFO breakdown during imbibition and germination was shown to significantly delay germination in pea seeds. The objective of this study was to compare the germination potential for soybean seeds with either wild-type (WT) or low RFO levels and to examine the role of RFO breakdown in germination of soybean seeds. There was no significant difference in germination between normal and low RFO soybean seeds when imbibed/germinated in water. Similar to the situation in pea, soybean seeds of wild-type carbohydrate composition experienced a delay in germination when treated with a chemical inhibitor of alpha-galactosidase activity (1-deoxygalactonojirimycin or DGJ) during imbibition. However, tow RFO soybean seed germination was not significantly delayed or reduced when treated with DGJ. In contrast to the situation in pea, the inhibitor-induced germination delay in wild-type. soybean seeds was not partially overcome by the addition of galactose or sucrose. We conclude that RFOs are not an essential source of energy during soybean seed germination. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Bilyeu, Kristin D.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Dierking, Emily C.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Bilyeu, KD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, 110 Waters Hall, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM bilyeuk@missouri.edu; kristin.bilyeu@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 12 BP 1329 EP 1335 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.01.008 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 481NL UT WOS:000268818200010 PM 19286275 ER PT J AU Zhang, CZ Fei, SZ Warnke, S Li, LJ Hannapel, D AF Zhang, Chunzhen Fei, Shui-zhang Warnke, Scott Li, Lijia Hannapel, David TI Identification of genes associated with cold acclimation in perennial ryegrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cold acclimation; Expressed sequence tag; Freezing tolerance; Lolium perenne; Transcriptome ID LENGTH CDNA MICROARRAY; ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS; ARABIDOPSIS GENES; EXPRESSION; TEMPERATURE; DROUGHT; STRESS; WINTER; WHEAT; TOLERANCE AB Cold acclimation dramatically increases freezing tolerance in many temperate plant species. An understanding of cold acclimation is important for extending adaptation areas of perennial ryegrass. Freezing tolerance is greatly increased in perennial ryegrass cv. 'Caddyshack' after cold acclimation. Genes differentially regulated during cold acclimation were identified by analyzing the abundance of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) randomly sampled from two cDNA libraries, one constructed from 14-d cold-acclimated (CA; LT(50) = -12.2 degrees C) and the other from nonacclimated (NA; LT(50) = -7.6 degrees C) leaves of 'Caddyshack'. More than 1400 quality ESTs were generated for each library. Over 60 EST groups were either increased or decreased three times or more in the CA library than in the NA library. Functional classification showed that for nine gene ontology (GO) subcategories, the ratio of CA ESTs to NA ESTs increased twice or more, whereas the ratio decreased by half or more for seven other GO subcategories. Expression analysis of 23 selected genes confirmed that 19 of them exhibited expression patterns consistent With the EST abundance analysis. Our results suggest that up-regulation of cold-regulated (COR), dehydration-responsive, and ice recrystallization inhibition (IRI) genes, and down-regulation of photosynthesis and respiration-related genes are important to increasing freezing tolerance in perennial ryegrass. (C) 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Chunzhen; Fei, Shui-zhang; Li, Lijia; Hannapel, David] Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Warnke, Scott] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Fei, SZ (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Hort, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM sfei@iastate.edu FU United States Golf Association; USDA; Iowa Turfgrass Institute FX This project was supported by a grant from United States Golf Association. Additional support from USDA and Iowa Turfgrass Institute is acknowledged. We wish to thank The Jacklin Seed for providing the Caddyshack perennial ryegrass and Dr. Nancy Ehlke for providing the Lafayette perennial ryegrass cultivar. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 13 BP 1436 EP 1445 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.03.001 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 485ZN UT WOS:000269165200010 PM 19375818 ER PT J AU Rogers, EE Wu, XL Stacey, G Nguyen, HT AF Rogers, Elizabeth E. Wu, Xiaolei Stacey, Gary Nguyen, Henry T. TI Two MATE proteins play a role in iron efficiency in soybean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Citrate; Efflux transporters; Ferric chelate reductase activity; Iron efficiency; Soybean ID DEFICIENCY CHLOROSIS; CITRATE; TRANSLOCATION; ARABIDOPSIS; TRANSPORT; EXUDATE; EFFLUX; PLANTS; XYLEM; PHOSPHORUS AB Iron is a necessary but often limiting nutrient for plant growth and development. Soybeans grown on the high-pH calcareous soils are especially prone to developing iron deficiency chlorosis and suffering the resultant yield tosses. Once iron is transported into the root, it must be translocated from the root to the shoot where it is needed for photosynthesis and other processes. Previous work has indicated that iron is likely to move through the xylem as ferric citrate. In Arabidopsis thaliana, citrate is effluxed into the xylem by the ferric reductase defective3 (FRD3) protein. Here, we present the identification and characterization of two soybean genes, GmFRD3a and GmFRD3b, with similar sequence and function to AtFRD3. The expression of both GmFRD3a and GmFRD3b is induced by iron deficiency in the iron-efficient reference cultivar Williams 82. GmFRD3b, but not GmFRD3a, is expressed at higher levels in the iron-efficient cultivar Clark than in its iron-inefficient near isogenic line iso-Clark (iso), likely accounting for the higher xylem citrate levels in Clark. Increased xylem citrate levels lead to increased solubility of ferric iron in Clark xylem exudate as compared to iso-Clark exudate. These results support the hypothesis that high xylem citrate levels are needed for efficient root to shoot translocation of iron. Along with efficient ferric chelate reductase activity and root iron uptake activity, high expression levels of FRD3 genes are also proposed as a target for future iron efficiency breeding projects. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Rogers, Elizabeth E.; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Dept Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rogers, Elizabeth E.] Univ Missouri, Dept Nutr Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Rogers, Elizabeth E.; Stacey, Gary; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, CS Bond Life Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Wu, Xiaolei; Stacey, Gary; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Wu, Xiaolei; Stacey, Gary; Nguyen, Henry T.] Univ Missouri, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Rogers, EE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SJVASC, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM elizabeth.rogers@ars.usda.gov RI Rogers, Elizabeth/D-2087-2009 OI Rogers, Elizabeth/0000-0002-0545-4744 FU US Department of Agriculture [2005-35100-16060] FX The authors would like to thank Jan Judy-March for excellent technical assistance, and Amy Replogle and Dr. Melissa G. Mitchum for the soybean actin primers and help with RT-PCR. This work was supported by the US Department of Agriculture (Grant #2005-35100-16060 to E.E.R.). NR 24 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PY 2009 VL 166 IS 13 BP 1453 EP 1459 DI 10.1016/j.jplph.2009.02.009 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 485ZN UT WOS:000269165200012 PM 19342121 ER PT J AU McPhee, KE Muehlbauer, FJ AF McPhee, Kevin E. Muehlbauer, Fred J. TI Registration of 'Riveland' Lentil SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Riveland' (Reg. No. CV-32, PI 649919) lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) was released by the USDA-ARS (Pullman, WA) in cooperation with Washington State University Agricultural Research Center, University of Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station, and North Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station in June 2007. Riveland was released on the basis of exceptionally large seed size, broad adaptation to U.S. production zones, excellent seed quality, and high yield potential. Riveland was named after Neil Riveland, agronomist, North Dakota State University, Williston Research Extension Center, Williston, ND. Riveland was selected as an F(5) plant row in 1998. It originated from the cross 'Laird'/VW000412 (cross number X95L073) made by F.J. Muehlbauer in 1995. Laird is a large-seeded yellow-cotyledon cultivar developed in Canada by A.E. Slinkard, and VW000412 is a large-seeded breeding line developed by V.E. Wilson, a USDA-ARS agronomist at Pullman (retired). C1 [McPhee, Kevin E.; Muehlbauer, Fred J.] Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP McPhee, KE (reprint author), Washington State Univ, USDA ARS, POB 646434, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM kevin.mcphee@ndsu.edu NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 5 EP 9 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.05.0251crc PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700002 ER PT J AU Carter, TE Burton, JW Rzewnicki, PE Villagarcia, MR Fountain, MO Bowman, DT Taliercio, E AF Carter, T. E., Jr. Burton, J. W. Rzewnicki, P. E. Villagarcia, M. R. Fountain, M. O. Bowman, D. T. Taliercio, Earl TI Registration of 'N8101' Small-Seeded Soybean SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'N8101' soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. No. CV-498, PI 654355) was cooperatively developed and released by the USDA-ARS and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service in February 2008 as a small-seeded Maturity Group VIII conventional cultivar. N8101 is the first publicly released small-seeded soybean cultivar in its maturity group and has potential use in the Japanese soyfoods market. It was derived from the cross of small-seeded germplasm NC114 and a small-seeded cultivar N7101. N8101 is adapted to the southeastern United States between 30 and 36 degrees N latitude. In 22 USDA regional trials, N8101 exhibited a 100-seed weight of 7.3 g, 5.4 g less than that of control variety, 'Prichard RR'. Yield of N8101 was approximately 92% of that produced by Prichard RR (2712 kg ha(-1)). Over seven additional trials in North Carolina, N8101 had a 100-seed weight of 6.5 g, 1.4 g less than that of small-seeded Maturity Group VII cultivar N7103. Seed protein content was similar to that of Prichard RR, and seed carbohydrate composition was similar to that of N7103. N8101 is resistant to shattering, Soybean mosaic virus, frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina Hara), and bacterial pustule [Xanthomonas campestris pv. glycines (Nakano) Dye]. The reduced yield of N8101 compared with commodity-type cultivars limits its use to specialty purposes. C1 [Carter, T. E., Jr.; Burton, J. W.; Rzewnicki, P. E.; Villagarcia, M. R.; Fountain, M. O.; Taliercio, Earl] USDA ARS, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Bowman, D. T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dep Crop Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Carter, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, 3127 Ligon St, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. EM Thomas.Carter@ars.usda.gov OI Bowman, Daryl T./0000-0001-6623-4035 FU North Carolina Soybean Producers Association FX We would like to acknowledge Earl Huie, Austin Hodges, and Robert McMillen of the Soybean and Nitrogen Fixation Unit, USDAARS, for their technical support in the development of N8101. This research was supported in part by the North Carolina Soybean Producers Association NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 EI 1940-3496 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 22 EP 27 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.05.0259crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700006 ER PT J AU Comstock, JC Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Gilbert, RA Glynn, NC Miller, JD Tai, PYP AF Comstock, Jack C. Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Gilbert, Robert A. Glynn, Neil C. Miller, Jimmy D. Tai, Peter Y. P. TI Registration of 'CP 00-1446' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'CP 00-1446 (Reg. No CV-133, PI 654092) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and was released to growers in Florida in September 2007. CP 00-1446 was selected from a cross of genotypes CP 93-1607 x CP 91-1150 made at Canal Point, FL, in January 1998. The female and male parents were advanced to the penultimate selection stage (Stage 3) and the final stage (Stage 4), respectively, of the Canal Point sugarcane cultivar breeding and selection program. CP 00-1446 was released and recommended for sand soils in Florida because of its high plant cane and acceptable ratoon per hectare yields of cane and sucrose and commercial recoverable sucrose on sand soils, and its acceptable disease reactions to smut [caused by Ustilago scitaminea (Sydow & P. Sydow)] (moderately susceptible), brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow) (moderately resistant), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler) (moderately resistant), leaf scald (caused by Xanthomonas albilineans Ashby, Dowson) (resistant), Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E (mosaic) (moderately susceptible), and ratoon stunting disease (caused by Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli Davis) (resistant) in Florida. C1 [Comstock, Jack C.; Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Glynn, Neil C.; Miller, Jimmy D.; Tai, Peter Y. P.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 28 EP 34 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.05.0271crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700007 ER PT J AU Glaz, B Edme, SJ Davidson, RW Gilbert, RA Comstock, JC Glynn, NC Miller, JD Tai, PYP AF Glaz, Barry Edme, Serge J. Davidson, R. Wayne Gilbert, Robert A. Comstock, Jack C. Glynn, Neil C. Miller, Jimmy D. Tai, Peter Y. P. TI Registration of 'CP 00-2180' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; RUST AB 'CP 00-2180'(Reg. No. CV-134, PI 654093) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum spp.) was developed through cooperative research conducted by the USDA-ARS, the University of Florida, and the Florida Sugar Cane League, Inc., and was released to growers in Florida in September 2007. CP 00-2180 was selected from a self-cross of cultivar HoCP 91-552 made at Canal Point, FL, in January 1998. Based on its high cane yields and fiber content (16%), HoCP 91-552 was released as a cultivar for bioenergy in Louisiana. CP 00-2180 was released and recommended for sand soils in Florida because of its high plant cane and acceptable ratoon per hectare yields of cane and sucrose and commercial recoverable sucrose on sand soils, and its resistance to smut [caused by Ustilago scitaminea (Sydow & P. Sydow)], brown rust (caused by Puccinia melanocephala H. & P. Sydow), orange rust (caused by Puccinia kuehnii E.J. Butler), leaf scald [caused by Xanthomonas albilineans (Ashby) Dowson], Sugarcane mosaic virus strain E, and ratoon stunting disease (caused by Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli Davis) in Florida. C1 [Glaz, Barry; Edme, Serge J.; Comstock, Jack C.; Glynn, Neil C.; Miller, Jimmy D.; Tai, Peter Y. P.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. [Davidson, R. Wayne] Florida Sugar Cane League Inc, Clewiston, FL 33440 USA. [Gilbert, Robert A.] Univ Florida, Everglades Res & Educ Ctr, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. RP Glaz, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, 12990 US Hwy 441 N, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. EM Barry.Glaz@ars.usda.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 35 EP 41 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.05.0272crc PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700008 ER PT J AU Tew, TL Dufrene, EO Garrison, DD White, WH Grisham, MP Pan, YB Richard, EP Legendre, BL Miller, JD AF Tew, T. L. Dufrene, E. O. Garrison, D. D. White, W. H. Grisham, M. P. Pan, Y. -B. Richard, E. P., Jr. Legendre, B. L. Miller, J. D. TI Registration of 'HoCP 00-950' Sugarcane SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'HoCP 00-950' (Reg. No. CV-135, PI 654823) sugarcane (a complex hybrid of Saccharum officinarum L., S. spontaneum L., S. barberi Jeswiet, and S. sinense Roxb. amend. Jeswiet) was selected and evaluated by the USDA-ARS, working cooperatively with the Louisiana State University AgCenter, and the American Sugar Cane League, Inc. It was released to growers in Louisiana in April 2007. In 67 machine-harvested trials on light- and heavy-textured soils from 2004 to 2007 (plant-cane through third-ratoon crop) averaged over nine southern Louisiana locations, HoCP 00-950 produced 5% more sugar and had 6% higher sugar content than the industry standard, 'HoCP 96-540'. In plant-cane and ratoon-crop maturity tests harvested in 2007, HoCP 00-950 had significantly higher sugar content than HoCP 96-540 across all harvest dates, with 35% higher sugar content at the outset of the harvest season (late September). HoCP 00-950 is resistant to brown rust (Puccinia melanocephala), smut (Ustilago scitaminea), leaf scald (Xanthomonas albilineans), and mosaic diseases. It is susceptible to the sugarcane borer (Diatraea saccharalis) and should not be planted in areas where pesticide use is restricted. The early maturity characteristic of HoCP 00-950 provides growers with a variety that can produce profitable sugar yields early in the milling season without the need to apply a chemical ripener. C1 [Tew, T. L.; Dufrene, E. O.; Garrison, D. D.; White, W. H.; Grisham, M. P.; Pan, Y. -B.; Richard, E. P., Jr.; Legendre, B. L.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, SRRC, Houma, LA 70360 USA. [Miller, J. D.] USDA ARS, Sugarcane Field Stn, Canal Point, FL 33438 USA. RP Tew, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Sugarcane Res Unit, SRRC, 5883 USDA Rd, Houma, LA 70360 USA. EM Thomas.Tew@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 42 EP 50 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.07.0430crc PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700009 ER PT J AU Graybosch, RA Peterson, CJ Baenziger, PS Baltensperger, DD Nelson, LA Jin, Y Kolmer, J Seabourn, B French, R Hein, G Martin, TJ Beecher, B Schwarzacher, T Heslop-Harrison, P AF Graybosch, R. A. Peterson, C. J. Baenziger, P. S. Baltensperger, D. D. Nelson, L. A. Jin, Y. Kolmer, J. Seabourn, B. French, R. Hein, G. Martin, T. J. Beecher, B. Schwarzacher, T. Heslop-Harrison, P. TI Registration of 'Mace' Hard Red Winter Wheat SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID STREAK-MOSAIC-VIRUS; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; GERMPLASM RESISTANT; PCR MARKERS; TRANSLOCATION; INTERMEDIUM; EFFICACY; GENES; APHID AB 'Mace' (Reg. No. CV-1027, P1 651043) hard red winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the USDA-ARS and the Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station and released in December 2007. Mace was selected from the cross Yuma//PI 372129/3/CO850034/4/4*Yuma/5/(KS91H184/Arlin S//KS91HW29/3/NE89526). Mace primarily was released for its resistance to Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) and adaptation to rainfed and irrigated wheat production systems in Nebraska and adjacent areas in the northern Great Plains. Mace was derived from a head selection made from a heterogeneous, in terms of field resistance to WSMV, F(5) line. Resistance to WSMV is conditioned by the Wsm-1 gene, located on an introgressed chromosome arm from Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey [Agropyron intermedium (Horst.) Beauv] present as a 4DL.4AgS chromosomal translocation. Mace was tested under the experimental designation N02Y5117. C1 [Graybosch, R. A.; French, R.] Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Peterson, C. J.] Oregon State Univ, Dep Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Baenziger, P. S.; Baltensperger, D. D.; Nelson, L. A.; Beecher, B.] Univ Nebraska, Dep Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Jin, Y.; Kolmer, J.] Univ Minnesota, USDA ARS, Cereal Dis Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Seabourn, B.] USDA ARS, Hard Winter Wheat Qual Lab, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [Hein, G.] Univ Nebraska, Panhandle Res & Extens Ctr, Scottsbluff, NE 69361 USA. [Martin, T. J.] Kansas State Univ, Western Kansas Agr Res Ctr, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Schwarzacher, T.; Heslop-Harrison, P.] Univ Leicester, Dep Biol, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England. RP Graybosch, RA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, USDA ARS, 314 Biochem Hall,E Campus, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM bob.graybosch@ars.usda.gov RI Heslop-Harrison, JS/C-9207-2009; Baenziger, Peter/C-6490-2014 OI Heslop-Harrison, JS/0000-0002-3105-2167; Baenziger, Peter/0000-0002-9109-6954 FU Nebraska Wheat Board; OECD FX Financial support of the Nebraska Wheat Board is gratefully acknowledged. Genomic in situ hybridization and PCR experiments were conducted with financial support of a Research Fellowship to the corresponding author from the OECD. Technical assistance of Lori Divis. Vern Hansen, Greg Dorn, Mitch Montgomery, and Cliris Hoagland gratefully is acknowledged. NR 26 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 51 EP 56 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.06.0345crc PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700010 ER PT J AU Jensen, KB Larson, SR Waldron, BL Robins, JG AF Jensen, K. B. Larson, S. R. Waldron, B. L. Robins, J. G. TI 'Hycrest II'. a New Crested Wheatgrass Cultivar with Improved Seedling Establishment SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID RANGELANDS; GRASSES; HYBRIDS AB 'Hycrest II' crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum L.) (Reg. No. CV-31, PI 653685) was released by the USDA-ARS and the Utah State Agricultural Experiment Station and was developed for reseeding disturbed rangelands dominated by annual weeds as a result of severe disturbance, frequent wild fires, and soil erosion. Hycrest II is one of the original parents to the cultivar Hycrest and originated by intercrossing 10 induced tetraploid plants of 'Fairway' crested wheatgrass. Selection emphasis in Hycrest II was on seedling establishment on disturbed rangelands. When planted at a rate of 1 pure live seed cm(-1), Hycrest II had more seedlings per unit area during the establishment year than Hycrest at Blue Creek, UT Green Canyon, UT, Mandan, ND, Miles City, MT, Dugway, LIT, and Stone, ID. At Dugway, LIT, Hycrest II had more seedlings per unit area than 'CD II' crested wheatgrass. Foundation seed of Hycrest II is available through the Utah Crop Improvement Association. C1 [Jensen, K. B.; Larson, S. R.; Waldron, B. L.; Robins, J. G.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 North,1100 East, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.jensen@ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 57 EP 60 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.04.0230crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700011 ER PT J AU Jensen, KB Palazzo, AJ Waldron, BL Robins, JG Bushman, BS Johnson, DA Ogle, DG AF Jensen, Kevin B. Palazzo, Anthony J. Waldron, Blair L. Robins, Joseph G. Bushman, B. Shaun Johnson, Douglas A. Ogle, Dan G. TI 'Vavilov II'. a New Siberian Wheatgrass Cultivar with Improved Persistence and Establishment on Rangelands SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID SEMIARID RANGELANDS; GRASSES AB 'Vavilov II' Siberian wheatgrass [Agropyron fragile (Roth) Candargy] (Reg. No. CV-30, PI 653686) was released by the USDA-ARS, the U.S. Army-Engineer Research and Development Center, Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, and the USDA-NRCS. Vavilov II was developed for reseeding sandy soils on disturbed rangelands dominated by annual weeds as a result of severe disturbance, frequent fires, and soil erosion. Selection emphasis in Vavilov 11 was on seedling establishment and stand persistence. During the establishment year, Vavilov II had increased numbers of seedlings per unit area (ml) using a frequency grid than 'Vavilov' at Yakima, WA, Fillmore, UT, Dugway, UT, and Curlew Valley, ID. Vavilov II was more persistent than Vavilov at Yakima, WA, Fillmore, UT, Curlew Valley, ID, and Malta, ID. Foundation seed of Vavilov II is available through the Utah Crop Improvement Association and the University of Idaho Foundation Seed Program. C1 [Jensen, Kevin B.; Waldron, Blair L.; Robins, Joseph G.; Bushman, B. Shaun; Johnson, Douglas A.] USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Palazzo, Anthony J.] USA, Corps Engineers Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ogle, Dan G.] NRCS, USDA, Boise, ID 83709 USA. RP Jensen, KB (reprint author), USDA ARS, Forage & Range Res Lab, 695 N 1100 E, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM kevin.jensen@ars.usda.gov NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.04.0215crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700012 ER PT J AU Scully, BT Nagata, RT Cherry, RH Trenholm, LE Unruh, JB AF Scully, B. T. Nagata, R. T. Cherry, R. H. Trenholm, L. E. Unruh, J. B. TI Registration of 'Pristine' Zoysiagrass SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB 'Pristine' (Reg. No. CV-251, PI 652481) zoysiagrass [Zoysia japonica Stued. by Zoysia tenuifolia (L.) Merr.] was developed by the Florida Agricultural Experiment Station at the Everglades Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Belle Glade, FL, and initially approved for release in 2005. This zoysiagrass variety originated as an open-pollinated progeny from 'Emerald' and tested in Florida under experimental designation BA-305. Pristine was selected for improved agronomic and horticultural traits, including reduced production of seed heads, finer leaf texture, darker leaf color, and a faster rate of ground coverage and crop establishment in southern Florida. In comparison to the standard variety Emerald, Pristine exhibited a 46% average annual reduction in seed-head production and generally produced seed heads with an attenuated morphology. It also produced darker green leaves that were 21% shorter and 19% narrower than Emerald, which visually conferred upon Pristine a more refined canopy structure and texture. In addition, ground coverage and crop establishment was significantly faster for Pristine at two of the three test sites. Pristine is primarily intended for use in the Florida specialty market for zoysiagrass. C1 [Scully, B. T.] USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Nagata, R. T.; Cherry, R. H.] Univ Florida, Everglades REC IFAS, Belle Glade, FL 33430 USA. [Trenholm, L. E.] Univ Florida, Dep Environm Hort, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Unruh, J. B.] Univ Florida, W Florida REC IFAS, Milton, FL 32583 USA. RP Scully, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, POB 748, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM brian.scully@ars.usda.gov; rtnagata@ifas.ufl.edu NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.04.0186crc PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700013 ER PT J AU Campbell, BT May, OL Howle, DS Jones, DC AF Campbell, B. T. May, O. L. Howle, D. S. Jones, D. C. TI Registration of PD 99035 Germplasm Line of Cotton SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID UPLAND COTTON AB PD 99035 (Reg. No. GP-902, PI 653111) is a noncommercial breeding line of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) jointly released by the USDA-ARS, the Clemson University Experiment Station, and Cotton Incorporated in 2007. PD 99035 was selected from a cross of PD 93043 and 'DPL 5409'. PD 99035 possesses outstanding fiber-quality properties, significantly better than several commercial cultivars. Specifically, PD 99035 possesses outstanding fiber strength and length potential, while also maintaining micronaire values lower than commercial cultivars. PD 99035 possesses mid- to late maturity and produces lint yield similar to or just below commercial cultivars. PD 99035 is best adapted within the southeastern United States, although our data also suggest it has broad adaptation across the U.S. Upland cotton production region. The combination of longer fiber length, stronger fiber strength, lower micronaire, and acceptable lint yield potential makes PD 99035 a valuable genetic resource to cotton breeding programs. C1 [Campbell, B. T.] USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC 29501 USA. [May, O. L.] Monsanto Co, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. [Howle, D. S.] Clemson Univ, Regulatory & Publ Serv Programs, Pendleton, SC 29670 USA. [Jones, D. C.] Cotton Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. RP Campbell, BT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Coastal Plains Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, 2611 W Lucas St, Florence, SC 29501 USA. EM todd.campbell@ars.usda.gov FU U.S. Department of Agriculture and Cotton Incorporated [6657-21000-005-00D] FX PD 99035 was developed with financial support from CRIS No. 6657-21000-005-00D of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and Cotton Incorporated. Special thanks to Bobby Fisher, Ernie Strickland, Phil Bauer, Dan Robinson, Dewey Barefield, and Mike Jones for technical assistance. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 73 EP 76 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.03.0140crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700015 ER PT J AU Zeng, L Meredith, WR AF Zeng, L. Meredith, W. R., Jr. TI Registration of Five Exotic Germplasm Lines of Cotton Derived from Multiple Crosses among Gossypium Tetraploid Species SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article AB Species polycross (SP) cotton germplasm was developed from multiple crosses among Gossypium tetraploid species. SP156 (Reg. No. GP-903, PI 654087), SP177 (Reg. No. GP-904, PI 654088), SP179 (Reg. No. GP-905, PI 654089), SP205 (Reg. No. GP-906, PI 654090), and SP225 (Reg. No. GP-907, PI 654091) were released by the USDA-ARS for their highly desirable combinations of yield, yield components, and fiber properties. The SP lines were tested for yield and fiber quality in 2005, 2006, and 2007 at six year-locations. SP179 and SP225 averaged 1221 and 1348 kg ha(-1), respectively, for yield in three years' trials compared with 1359 kg ha-1 for 'Deltapine 555BR'. Fiber bundle strength of these two lines is 233 and 228 kN m kg(-1), respectively, compared with 227 kN m kg(-1) for 'FiberMax 960132R' (FM960132R). Yields of SP156, SP177, and SP205 are at least 7% higher than the average, 965 kg ha(-1), of FM960B2R and Thytogen 72' (PHY72). Strength of SP156, SP177, and SP205 is 241, 238, and 236 kN m kg(-1), respectively, compared with 241 kN m kg(-1), the average of FM960B(2)R and PHY72. Span length and short fiber content in these lines are also comparable to FM960132R and PHY72. C1 [Zeng, L.; Meredith, W. R., Jr.] USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Zeng, L (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Genet & Prod Unit, Delta Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM linghe.zeng@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.06.0337crg PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700016 ER PT J AU Shannon, JG Lee, JD Wrather, JA Sleper, DA Mian, MAR Bond, JP Robbins, RT AF Shannon, J. Grover Lee, Jeong-Dong Wrather, J. Allen Sleper, David A. Mian, M. A. Rouf Bond, Jason P. Robbins, Robert T. TI Registration of S99-2281 Soybean Germplasm Line with Resistance to Frogeye Leaf Spot and Three Nematode Species SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID RCS3 GENE AB Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] germplasm line S99-2281 (Reg. No. GP-361, PI 654356) was developed at the University of Missouri-Delta Center and released by the University of Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station. It is an F, plant selection composited in the F(5) generation from the cross of N90-516 x S92-1069. S99-2281 is a productive, early group V (relative maturity 5.2) soybean line with broad resistance to soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines Ichinohe) HG types (races), southern root knot nematode [Me/oidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood], and reniform nematode [Rotylenchulus reniformis (Linford and Oliveira)]. It also carries the Rcs3 gene for resistance to all known races of frogeye leaf spot, caused by Cercospora sojina K. Hara. In combined analyses over 3 yr, S99-2281 yielded 3 and 7% more than 'Manokin' in southeast Missouri trials (15 tests) and in Uniform Group IVs Tests-Southern States (39 tests), respectively. It will be useful as an elite parent in soybean breeding programs to develop productive soybean cultivars with broad resistance to frogeye leaf spot and resistance to multiple nematode species. C1 [Shannon, J. Grover; Lee, Jeong-Dong; Wrather, J. Allen] Univ Missouri, Delta Ctr, Div Plant Sci, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. [Sleper, David A.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Life Sci Ctr 271F, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Mian, M. A. Rouf] Ohio State Univ, ORADC, USDA ARS, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Bond, Jason P.] So Illinois Univ, Dep Plant Soils & Gen Agr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Robbins, Robert T.] Univ Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704 USA. RP Shannon, JG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Delta Ctr, Div Plant Sci, POB 160, Portageville, MO 63873 USA. EM shannong@missouri.edu FU North Central Soybean Research Program FX The authors thank the North Central Soybean Research Program for the financial support in the development of this germplasm line through funding of the project "Managing frogeye leaf spot and charcoal rot in the north central region." NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 94 EP 98 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.06.0307crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700020 ER PT J AU Burson, BL Tischler, CR Ocumpaugh, WR AF Burson, Byron L. Tischler, Charles R. Ocumpaugh, William R. TI Breeding for Reduced Post-Harvest Seed Dormancy in Switchgrass: Registration of TEM-LoDorm Switchgrass Germplasm SO JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS LA English DT Article ID GERMINATION AB The switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) germplasm line TEM-LoDorm (Reg. No. GP-98, P1 636468) was developed by the USDA-ARS in cooperation with the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station and was released in May 2007. TEM-LoDorm has reduced post-harvest seed dormancy and was developed to provide breeders with a germplasm source to improve germination and stand establishment. The cultivar Alamo was used as a base population, and TEM-LoDorm was developed using four cycles of recurrent selection. During the first three cycles, recently harvested seed from about 200 entries were germinated to evaluate immediacy of germination. Seedlings from seed that germinated within 3 to 14 d were used to establish a polycross nursery to produce seed for the next cycle of selection. Twenty-four plants in the cycle 3 crossing block that produced seed with the most rapid germination rate were dug and used to establish cycle 4 crossing blocks. Over a 2-yr period, germination of recently harvested seed from most of these 24 plants was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than seed from unselected Alamo; some plants were 10 or more times higher than Alamo. Equal quantities of seed from these 24 plants were bulked to constitute TEM-LoDorm germplasm. C1 [Burson, Byron L.] Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Heep Ctr 430, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Tischler, Charles R.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Ocumpaugh, William R.] Texas Agr Expt Stn, Beeville, TX 78102 USA. RP Burson, BL (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, USDA ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, Heep Ctr 430, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM byron.burson@ars.usda.gov NR 10 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU CROP SCIENCE SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1936-5209 J9 J PLANT REGIST JI J. Plant Regist. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 3 IS 1 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.3198/jpr2008.07.0433crg PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 483AD UT WOS:000268932700021 ER PT J AU Lippolis, JD Bayles, DO Reinhardt, TA AF Lippolis, John D. Bayles, Darrell O. Reinhardt, Timothy A. TI Proteomic Changes in Escherichia coli When Grown in Fresh Milk versus Laboratory Media SO JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mastitis; E. coli; Infection; Dairy cow ID BOVINE MAMMARY-GLAND; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; BACTERIAL-GROWTH; INNATE IMMUNITY; DAIRY-COWS; MASTITIS; INFECTIONS; VIRULENCE AB To establish an infection, bacteria must first adapt to the host environment and grow. For mastitis, the media in which bacteria must adapt to is milk. Mammary pathogenic Escherichia coli may express factors that are important for these bacteria to grow in milk and establish both acute and chronic infections of the mammary gland. We have used shotgun expression proteomics to determine the changes in protein expression when E. coli were grown in laboratory media compared to bacteria grown in whole fresh bovine milk. We report the expression data of approximately 1000 proteins. We found many proteins involved in the metabolism of lactose and various amino acids were up-regulated when bacteria were grown in milk. In addition, the LuxS protein was up-regulated when bacteria were grown in milk; this protein is associated bacterial quorum sensing as well as the expression of mobility proteins, such as flagellar components, and a number of genes associated with virulence. Growth of a mammary pathogenic E coli in milk results in the up- and down-regulation of hundreds of proteins, some of which may be important to the pathogenesis of this organism. C1 [Lippolis, John D.; Reinhardt, Timothy A.] USDA ARS, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bayles, Darrell O.] USDA ARS, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Lippolis, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Periparturient Dis Cattle Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM john.lippolis@ars.usda.gov RI Reinhardt, Timothy/A-7536-2009 OI Reinhardt, Timothy/0000-0001-5552-2509 NR 38 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1535-3893 J9 J PROTEOME RES JI J. Proteome Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 1 BP 149 EP 158 DI 10.1021/pr800458v PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 390NN UT WOS:000262171100017 PM 19053534 ER PT J AU Ribaudo, MO Nickerson, CJ AF Ribaudo, M. O. Nickerson, C. J. TI Agriculture and water quality trading: Exploring the possibilities SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE point source; nonpoint source; nutrients; water quality trading AB Water quality trading is a market-based alternative to command and control policies for meeting water quality goals. A trading program creates a market for pollution discharge reductions for the purpose of achieving a water quality goal at a lower cost than traditional command-and-control policies. The US Environmental Protection Agency and the USDA are promoting water quality trading in watersheds impaired by both point source and agricultural pollution. This research examines the extent to which water quality impairments have the potential for creating a demand for credits from agriculture. We found that the opportunities for the development of active markets between point sources and agriculture are limited, due primarily to Lick of available demand from point sources. Out of 710 eight-digit HUCs containing waters impaired by nutrients, we identified 142 and 224 where active markets for nitrogen and phosphorus credits, respectively, between regulated Point sources and agriculture have the best opportunity to develop, assuming supply and demand impediments can be addressed through program design and government support. We use program data to account for current conservation measures on farms that could drive LIP the price of credits and reduce demand. C1 [Ribaudo, M. O.; Nickerson, C. J.] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Ribaudo, MO (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 12 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 1 EP 7 DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.1 PG 7 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700013 ER PT J AU Perkins, TR Pagano, TC Garen, DC AF Perkins, Tom R. Pagano, Thomas C. Garen, David C. TI Innovative operational seasonal water supply forecasting technologies SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Perkins, Tom R.; Pagano, Thomas C.; Garen, David C.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Water & Climate Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Perkins, TR (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Natl Water & Climate Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RI Pagano, Thomas/C-4659-2011 NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 15A EP 17A DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.15A PG 3 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700005 ER PT J AU Heathman, GC Larose, M Ascough, JC AF Heathman, G. C. Larose, M. Ascough, J. C., II TI Soil and Water Assessment Tool evaluation of soil and land use geographic information system data sets on simulated stream flow SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP); geographic information system (GIS); hydrologic modeling; Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT); stream flow ID EFFECTS ASSESSMENT PROJECT; SWAT MODEL; SENSITIVITY; CALIBRATION; QUALITY; UNCERTAINTY; VALIDATION; CATCHMENT AB The integration of geographic information systems (GIS) and hydrologic models provides the user with the ability to simulate watershed-scale processes within a spatially digitized computer-based environment. Soil type and land use data are essential GIS data layers used in a wide array of government and private sector activities, including resource inventory, land management, landscape ecology, and hydrologic modeling. This investigation was conducted to evaluate the use of different combinations of Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO) and State Soil Geographic (STATSGO) soil classification systems and the USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) and national Gap Analysis Project (GAP) land use data sets and their effects oil modeled stream flow using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT2005). Performance of the model was tested oil the Cedar Creek Watershed in northeastern Indiana, one of 14 benchmark watersheds in the USDA Agricultural Research Service Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP) watershed assessment component. CEAP comprises two main components: (1) a national assessment that provides model estimates of conservation benefits for annual reporting and (2) a watershed assessment component aimed at quantifying the environmental benefits from specific conservation practices at the watershed scale. Model performance for daily, monthly, and annual uncalibrated stream flow responses in SWAT was assessed using the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (ENS), coefficient of determination (R(2)), root mean square error (RMSE), ratio of RMSE to the standard deviation of measured data (RSR), and percent bias (PBIAS). We found that the range of relative error (e.g., PBIAS) and ENS values for uncalibrated stream flow predictions in this study were similar to others that have been reported in the literature. Simulated Stream flow values ranged from slight overestimations of approximately 5%, to underestimating stream flow by 25% to 41 % depending oil the combination of soil and land use input data sets. Overall, the NASS SSURGO data sets gave the best model performance for monthly stream flow having all ENS value of 0.58, R(2) of 0.66, RSR of 0.65, and PBIAS equal to 21.93. The poorest model performance results were obtained using the GAP SSURGO data, set that had all ENS of 2.58, R(2) of 0.49, RSR of 1.89, and a PBIAS value of 27.92. The results of this study indicate that in using the SWAT model, several factors regarding GIS input data sets may affect stream flow simulations and, consequently, water quality assessment Studies. In addition to the effect of GIS source data on model output (e.g., SSURGO, STATSGO, NASS, GAP), there is evidence shown in this study that the interaction,, pre-processing, and aggregation of unique combinations of GIS input layers within SWAT also influence simulated stream flow output. Overall, results of the study indicate that the use of different land use GIS layers has a greater effect oil stream flow estimates than different soil data layers. C1 [Heathman, G. C.] ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. [Larose, M.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Ascough, J. C., II] ARS, Agr Syst Res Unit, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Heathman, GC (reprint author), ARS, Natl Soil Eros Res, USDA, W Lafayette, IN USA. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 21 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 17 EP 32 DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.17 PG 16 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700015 ER PT J AU Nickerson, C Claassen, R Durst, R Hansen, L Hellerstein, D AF Nickerson, Cynthia Claassen, Roger Durst, Ron Hansen, LeRoy Hellerstein, Daniel TI Cash or credit? Tax credits and conservation outcomes SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article C1 [Nickerson, Cynthia; Claassen, Roger; Durst, Ron; Hansen, LeRoy; Hellerstein, Daniel] Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. RP Nickerson, C (reprint author), Econ Res Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. OI Hansen, LeRoy/0000-0001-9038-2142; Hellerstein, Daniel/0000-0003-0933-8676 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 22A EP 26A DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.22A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700008 ER PT J AU Ranganath, SC Hession, WC Wynn, TM AF Ranganath, S. C. Hession, W. C. Wynn, T. M. TI Livestock exclusion influences on riparian vegetation, channel morphology, and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE benthic macroinvertebrates; channel morphology; livestock exclusion; riparian buffers ID STREAM RESTORATION; NEW-ZEALAND; WATER-QUALITY; LAND-USE; RESPONSES; FOREST; ECOSYSTEMS; INVERTEBRATES; MINNESOTA; STABILITY AB Measurements ill paired stream reaches with and without livestock access ill Southwestern Virginia suggest that livestock exclusion practices installed oil short, isolated stream reaches result ill improved geomorphic and riparian vegetation conditions, but do not significantly improve benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages. Numerous state and federal programs encourage agricultural producers to protect environmentally sensitive lauds (Such as streams, and wetlands) through the elimination of livestock access. to these sensitive areas. Ill addition to achieving soil conservation goals, it is widely believed that livestock exclusion from streams will result in improvements ill riparian vegetation, channel morphology, as well as instream habitat and aquatic insect assemblages. This research assessed the changes in channel morphology, riparian vegetation, and benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages as affected by livestock exclusion over time. Study sites consisted of paired, nearly contiguous stream reaches (five pairs), with and without active livestock access, across a range of time since livestock exclusion was implemented. Four of the livestock exclusion reaches ranged in time since best management practice implementation from I to 14 years. while one site consisted of a grazed reach paired with a reach that has been forested and without cattle access for at least 50 years. Livestock exclusion reaches were significantly deeper, had larger median riffle Substrate, and scored higher oil the Reach Condition Index (a qualitative geomorphic assessment methodology). The livestock exclusion reaches also had significantly higher riparian groundcover vegetation biomass; however, the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages were not significantly different. The only parameter that showed correlation with time since livestock exclusion was the Reach Condition Index, which increased indicating improved bank with time since livestock exclusion. Our observations suggest that, While livestock exclusion from streams has positive impacts oil streams, best management practice implementation along short stream stretches does not have the desired instream benefits. In particular, benthic macroinvertebrate response depends more oil upstream watershed-scale conditions and impacts than localized, reach-scale livestock-access issues. Therefore, a more targeted approach addressing entire stream lengths and the associated watersheds may be required to restore the integrity of aquatic ecosystems. C1 [Ranganath, S. C.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. [Hession, W. C.; Wynn, T. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Blacksburg, VA USA. RP Ranganath, SC (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Tucson, AZ USA. FU Soil and Water Society; Virginia Department of Environmental Quality; Soil and Water Conservation District; USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service FX We would like to thank the Soil and Water Society for their monetary assistance in the from of a K.E. Grant Scholarship to S.C. Ranganath. In addition, we sincerely thank the landowners who allowed us to conduct this research on their property and, in particular, we dedicate this manuscript to Fred Sublett who passed away in 2007. The authors would also like to thank the faculty, staff undergrauate, and graduate students at Virginia Tech that provided the technical and field assistance required for this research. These people include J.R. Voshell, Kristine Bronnenkant, Dave Stewart, Jessica Kozarek, Shawn Rosenquist, April Eilers, Bethany Bezak, Andrea Ludwig, Sara Morris, Kyle Hall, Julie Jordan, Laura Teeny, Barbara Utley, Kevin Brannan, Gene Yagow. W. Michael Aust. and Fred Benfield. In addition, we would like to thank those who offered their support at the Virginia Department of Environmental Quality, the Soil and Water Conservation District, and the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. We also would like to thank three reviewers and editor for their comments. NR 77 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 47 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 33 EP 42 DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.33 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700016 ER PT J AU Paustian, K Brenner, J Easter, M Killian, K Ogle, S Olson, C Schuler, J Vining, R Williams, S AF Paustian, Keith Brenner, John Easter, Mark Killian, Kendrick Ogle, Stephen Olson, Carolyn Schuler, Jill Vining, Roe Williams, Steve TI Counting carbon on the farm: Reaping the benefits of carbon offset programs SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article ID SEQUESTRATION C1 [Paustian, Keith] Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Paustian, Keith; Easter, Mark; Killian, Kendrick; Ogle, Stephen; Williams, Steve] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Brenner, John] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Lakewood, CO USA. [Olson, Carolyn] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. [Schuler, Jill] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Vining, Roe] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Natl Air Qual Team, USDA, Portland, OR USA. RP Paustian, K (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RI Paustian, Keith/L-7593-2016; OI Ogle, Stephen/0000-0003-1899-7446 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 36A EP 40A DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.36A PG 5 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700010 ER PT J AU Williams, JD Gollany, HT Siemens, MC Wuest, SB Long, DS AF Williams, J. D. Gollany, H. T. Siemens, M. C. Wuest, S. B. Long, D. S. TI Comparison of runoff, soil erosion, and winter wheat yields from no-till and inversion tillage production systems in northeastern Oregon SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation assessment; corp rotation; direct seeding; field scale; Pacific Northwest; small grain production; watershed ID CONSERVATION TILLAGE; CORN; INFILTRATION; WATERSHEDS; ROTATION AB Conservation tillage systems that reduce Soil erosion and maintain or increase soil carbon offer long-term benefits for producers in the inland Pacific Northwestern United States but Could result in reduced grain yields due to increased pressure from weeds, disease, and insect pests. Our objective was to compare runoff, soil erosion, and crop yields from a Conventional tillage, wheat-fallow two-year rotation and a no-till four-year rotation. The experiment was undertaken within a small,watershed to provide results that Would be representative of conservation effectiveness at the field scale. Two neighboring drainages, 5.8 and 10.7 ha (14 and 26 ac), in the 340 mm y(-1) (13.4 in yr(-1)) precipitation zone of northeastern Oregon, were instrumented to record rainfall, runoff, and erosion over a four-year period (2001 through 2004). One drainage was cropped to a winter wheat-fallow rotation and received inversion tillage (tillage fallow). The second drainage was cropped in a four-year no-till rotation: winter wheat-chemical fallow-winter wheat-chickpea (no-till Fallow). We recorded 13 runoff events from the inversion tillage system and 3 from the no-till system. Total runoff and erosion values from inversion tillage drainage were 5.1 mm (0.20 in) and 0.42 Mg ha(-1) (0.19 tn ac(-1)) versus 0.7 mm (0.03 in) and 0.01 Mg ha(-1) (<0.005 in ac(-1)) from no-till drainage. The no-till rotation was substantially more effective in conserving soil and water in this field-scale comparison. Soil erosion observed in this research is a fraction of that reported for similar tillage practices outside of the Pacific Northwestern. Mean wheat yields did not significantly differ between inversion tillage and no-till treatment despite intensifying the rotation by replacing one year of fallow with a chickpea crop in the four-year rotation. Because of high year-to-year variability in yield and limited sample size, more study is needed to compare winter wheat yields in no-till production systems with inversion tillage. The no-till cropping system was more e effective in reducing runoff and soil erosion and provides producers with an ability to protect soil and water resources in the dryland Pacific Northwest. C1 [Williams, J. D.; Gollany, H. T.; Wuest, S. B.; Long, D. S.] ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, USDA, Pendleton, OR USA. [Siemens, M. C.] Univ Arizona, Yuma, AZ USA. RP Williams, JD (reprint author), ARS, Columbia Plateau Conservat Res Ctr, USDA, Pendleton, OR USA. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 25 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 43 EP 52 DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.43 PG 10 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700017 ER PT J AU Raczkowski, CW Reyes, MR Reddy, GB Busscher, WJ Bauer, PJ AF Raczkowski, C. W. Reyes, M. R. Reddy, G. B. Busscher, W. J. Bauer, P. J. TI Comparison of conventional and no-tillage corn and soybean production on runoff and erosion in the southeastern US Piedmont SO JOURNAL OF SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE conservation tillage; conventional tillage; crop residue; infiltration; no-till; runoff; soil erosion ID SOIL-EROSION; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; GEORGIA PIEDMONT; CROPPING SYSTEM AB Soil erosion oil southern Piedmont soils remains a problem without application of sound conservation practices. This study was conducted to compare a no-tillage (NT) system with a conventional-tillage (CT) system in row-cropped land under natural rainfall conditions for Six continuous years. Runoff and soil loss were continuously monitored from May 1995 to April 2001 from four erosion plots (7.3 m x 12.2 m [24 ft x 40 ft]) in CT and four plots in NT under a corn (Zea mays L.)-soybean (Glycine max L.)-rotation ill a Mecklenburg sandy clay loam and Enon clay loam (fine mixed, active, thermic, Ultic Hapludalfs) at a Piedmont location. Runoff was significantly less for NT than for CT in three study years; in the other three years no differences between treatments where found. The NT six-year runoff average was 33% lower than the six-year runoff average of CT. The tolerable soil loss level of 7.0 Ma ha-1 y-1 (3.1 tn ac-1 yr-1) was exceeded in CT in four study years, while annual NT losses were always below 7.0 Mg ha(-1) y(-1). The six-year soil loss average was 74.7 Mg ha(-1) (33.3 tn ac(-1)) and 2.6 Mg ha(-1) (1.2 tn ac(-1)) for CT and NT, respectively. In CT, most of the soil lost during the six-year study period occurred during rain storms of high intensity. No-till was highly effective at protecting against soil loss during these rain storms. C1 [Raczkowski, C. W.; Reyes, M. R.; Reddy, G. B.] N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Design, Greensboro, NC USA. [Busscher, W. J.; Bauer, P. J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Water & Plant Res Ctr, Florence, SC USA. RP Raczkowski, CW (reprint author), N Carolina Agr & Tech State Univ, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Design, Greensboro, NC USA. FU USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service [NCX-18-5-5-04-130-1]; Agricultural Research Program, North Carolina A&T State University; Environmental Quality Incentives program FX The authors would like to acknolwedge the assistance provided by Leon Moses, North,North Carolina A&T State University Farm superintendent, lit the design and installation of tell, off collectors and erosion plots, and ill conducting all the necessary farming operations required during the six-ear study period. Most of the funding for this research was supplied supplied by the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (project NCX-18-5-5-04-130-1, Agricultural Research Program, North Carolina A&T State University). We would also like to thank Lane price (assistant state conservationist. USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Raleigh, North Carolina) and Bobby Brock (state agronomist, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service. Raleigh NC) for giving its the opportunity to obtain Environmental Quality Incentives program funding for this research. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 16 PU SOIL WATER CONSERVATION SOC PI ANKENY PA 945 SW ANKENY RD, ANKENY, IA 50023-9723 USA SN 0022-4561 J9 J SOIL WATER CONSERV JI J. Soil Water Conserv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 64 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.2489/jswc.64.1.53 PG 8 WC Ecology; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA 396VZ UT WOS:000262620700018 ER PT J AU Torbert, HA Krueger, E Kurtener, D Potter, KN AF Torbert, H. Allen Krueger, Elena Kurtener, Dmitry Potter, K. N. TI Evaluation of Tillage Systems for Grain Sorghum and Wheat Yields and Total Nitrogen Uptake in the Texas Blackland Prairie SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE conservation-tillage system; Texas Blackland Prairie; fuzzy indicator; multi-attributive decision-making ID INCOMPLETE PREFERENCE INFORMATION; DECISION-MAKING MODELS; VERTISOL; RESIDUE; LOSSES; RUNOFF AB Recently, there has been an increased interest in cropping systems such as conservation-tillage; however, determining the best alternative between cropping system options is often complicated by disparities in research results due to seasonal variability. The economic cost of the systems further complicates the determination of the best alternative for sustainable crop production. To evaluate tillage systems using experimental data, a computer simulation approach called fuzzy multi-attributive decision-making (MAMD) can be applied. In this study, MAMD was applied to research the impact of conservation tillage and conventional tillage systems with and without raised wide beds on yield and nitrogen (N) uptake in grain sorghum and wheat for soils of the Texas Blackland Prairie. Results of yield and N uptake data for 4 years (1994-1997) indicated that the various tillage systems had merits and demerits across the different years of study. The economic conditions of the cropping systems were also utilized in the evaluation. Utilization of this technique indicated that the no-tillage cropping system with wide beds was the best tillage system of the ones evaluated. C1 [Torbert, H. Allen] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. [Kurtener, Dmitry] Agrophys Res Inst, St Petersburg, Russia. [Potter, K. N.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Torbert, HA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Soil Dynam Lab, 411 S Donahue Dr, Auburn, AL 36832 USA. EM allen.torbert@ars.usda.gov RI Yang, Yang/C-7464-2012 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1044-0046 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PY 2009 VL 33 IS 1 BP 96 EP 106 AR PII 907454380 DI 10.1080/10440040802587397 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 428FW UT WOS:000264834400007 ER PT J AU McCutcheon, GS Simmons, AM Norsworthy, JK AF McCutcheon, Gloria S. Simmons, Alvin M. Norsworthy, Jason K. TI Effect of Wild Radish on Preimaginal Development of Diabrotica balteata and Agrotis ipsilon SO JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE black cutworm; corn; corn rootworm; pest suppression; preimaginal development; vegetables; wild radish ID PIERIS-RAPAE; HOST-PLANT; COLEOPTERA; OVIPOSITION; TOXICITY; MUSTARD; GROWTH AB Aqueous extracts of wild radish (Rhaphanus raphanistrum L.) roots, stems, and leaves combined were examined for antibiotic effects on hatching and larval development of the banded cucumber beetle, (Diabrotica balteata Le Conte [Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae]) and black cutworm (Agrotis ipsilon [Hufnagel] [Lepidoptera: Noctuidae]). Hatching was delayed significantly in eggs of D. balteata exposed to the wild radish extract for 18 h. In some trials, the hatching percentage increased to levels similar to other treatments by the third and final day of hatching; in others, the percentage hatching remained significantly less among eggs exposed to wild radish extract for the duration of the study. The mortality rate of D. balteata larvae was increased significantly by exposure to the wild radish extract. Hatching of A. ipsilon eggs was delayed significantly after an 18 h exposure to the aqueous wild radish extract 4 d after treatment in only one of the six trials. In that trial, all treatment results were similar by day 5. In other trials, hatching of A. ipsilon was decreased similarly in eggs exposed for 18 h in an aqueous wild radish treatment as well as the water control. Although this study shows an effect of aqueous wild radish extract on two insect species, supplemental studies which utilize methods that do not rely upon an aqueous solution may better define the insect suppression activity of wild radish. C1 [McCutcheon, Gloria S.] Claflin Univ, Dept Biol, Orangeburg, SC 29115 USA. [Simmons, Alvin M.] ARS, US Vegetable Lab, USDA, Charleston, SC USA. [Norsworthy, Jason K.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP McCutcheon, GS (reprint author), Claflin Univ, Dept Biol, 400 Magnolia St NE, Orangeburg, SC 29115 USA. EM gmccutcheon@claflin.edu FU Southern Region SARE Project FX The authors thank Margaret Nakakande for technical support, and Gerald Carner, Michael Hood and two anonymous reviewers for suggestions on the manuscript. This research was supported in part by Southern Region SARE Project, "Suppression of Weeds and Other Pests in Fresh Market Vegetables Using a Wild Radish Cover Crop." This is Technical Contribution No. 5286 of the Clemson University Experiment Station. Mention of a proprietary product does not constitute an endorsement of a recommendation. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1044-0046 J9 J SUSTAIN AGR JI J. Sustain. Agric. PY 2009 VL 33 IS 2 BP 119 EP 127 AR PII 908505978 DI 10.1080/10440040802394950 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 428GE UT WOS:000264835200002 ER PT J AU Ding, P Fuchigami, LH Scagel, CF AF Ding, Pinghai Fuchigami, Leslie H. Scagel, Carolyn F. TI Simple Linear Regression and Reflectance Sensitivity Analysis Used to Determine the Optimum Wavelengths for the Nondestructive Assessment of Chlorophyll in Fresh Leaves Using Spectral Reflectance SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE first derivative; root mean square error; RMSE; coefficients of determination; r(2) ID LEAF OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RED EDGE; INFRARED REFLECTANCE; FOLIAR REFLECTANCE; EUCALYPTUS LEAVES; REMOTE ESTIMATION; NITROGEN STATUS; PLANT-LEAVES; INDEXES; STRESS AB The accuracy of nondestructive optical methods for chlorophyll (Chl) assessment based on leaf spectral characteristics depends on the wavelengths used for Chl assessment. Using spectroscopy, the optimum wavelengths (OW) for Chl assessment were determined by using 1-year-old almond (Prunus dulcis), poplar (Populus trichocarpa X A deltoides), and apple (Malus x domestica) trees grown at different rates of nitrogen fertilization to produce leaves with different Chl concentrations. Spectral reflectance of leaf discs was measured using a spectroradiometer (300 to 1100 nm at 1-nm intervals), and total Chl concentration in leaf discs was extracted and determined in 80% acetone. The OW for nondestructive Chl assessment by reflectance spectroscopy was estimated using 1) the coefficient of determination (r(2)) from simple linear regression; 2) reflectance sensitivity analysis (a measure for changes of spectral reflectance on unit change in leaf Chl concentration); and 3) the first spectral derivative method. Our results indicated that the first derivative method can be used only to identify OW in the red edge region of the spectrum, whereas r(2) and reflectance sensitivity analysis can be used to identify the OW in both the red edge and green regions. Our results indicate that using simple linear r(2) in combination with reflectance sensitivity and/or the first derivative analyses is a reliable method for determining OW in plant leaves tested. Two optimum wavebands with larger r(2), smaller root mean square error, and higher reflectance sensitivity were found in red edge (700 to 730 nm) and green (550 to 580 nm) regions, respectively, which can be used as common OW for Chl reflectance assessment in poplar, apple, and almond leaves tested. Single-wavelength indices if developed with OW were even more accurate than those more wavelength indices that developed without using OW. The accuracy of indices can be further improved if indices developed by using one OW and one Chl-insensitive wavelength from near infrared (NIR) (750 to 1100 nm) in the form of R(NIR)/R(OW) or (R(NIR) - R(OW))/(R(NIR) + R(OW)). C1 [Ding, Pinghai; Fuchigami, Leslie H.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Scagel, Carolyn F.] USDA ARS, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Ding, P (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Hort, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM pingding2006@yahoo.com RI 黄, 建荣/B-8070-2011 FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission; Oregon Association of Nurserymen; USDA-ARS, North-west Center for Nursery Crop Research FX This work was funded, in part. by the Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission, Oregon Association of Nurserymen, and the USDA-ARS, North-west Center for Nursery Crop Research. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 134 IS 1 BP 48 EP 57 PG 10 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 409IJ UT WOS:000263499100006 ER PT J AU Ma, HM Pooler, M Griesbach, R AF Ma, Hongmei Pooler, Margaret Griesbach, Robert TI Anthocyanin Regulatory/Structural Gene Expression in Phalaenopsis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Myb; Myc; Wd; Chs; Dfr; Orchid ID ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DIHYDROFLAVONOL 4-REDUCTASE; REGULATORY GENE; PHENYLPROPANOID BIOSYNTHESIS; TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATORS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; BHLH FACTORS; MYB DOMAIN; MAIZE C1; PROTEIN AB Anthocyanin biosynthesis requires the coordinated expression of Myc, Wd, Chs, Pfr, and Myb. Chs and Dfr are structural genes, while Myc, Myb, and Wd are regulatory genes. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was used to measure the expression of these genes in Phalaenopsis amabilis and Phalaenopsis schilleriana. P. amabilis expresses an albescent phenotype with petals and sepals that are anthocyanin free, while A schilleriana has a wild-type phenotype with anthocyanin-containing petals and sepals. As expected, the petals and sepals of P. schilleriana expressed high levels of Chs and Dfr. The petals and sepals of A amabilis expressed high levels of Chs and very low levels of Pfr. In P. amabilis and A schilleriana, anthocyanin-specific Myc and Wd were expressed; however, Myb specific for anthocyanin biosynthesis were undetectable in P. amabilis. This suggests that the absence of Myb expression was responsible for the lack of dihydroflavonol 4-reductase and results in the absence of anthocyanin pigmentation in A amabilis petals and sepals. This was confirmed by particle bombardment of P. amabilis petals with functional Mybs isolated from A schilleriana. Comparisons of anthocyanin-related Myb gene expression between A schilleriana and P. amabilis are between genetically different species. Phalaenopsis 'Everspring Fairy' expresses a harlequin phenotype with white petals and sepals containing large anthocyanin sectors. Harlequin flowers are ideal to evaluate anthocyanin-related Myb gene expression within genetically identical but differently pigmented tissue. High levels of anthocyanin-specific Myb and Dfr transcripts were present in the purple, but not in the white, sectors of Phalaenopsis 'Everspring Fairy' petals and sepals. There was no differential expression of Chs, Wd, and between the purple and white sectors. These results are in agreement with the results from A amabilis and A schilleriana. C1 [Griesbach, Robert] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ma, Hongmei; Pooler, Margaret] USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, Washington, DC 20002 USA. RP Griesbach, R (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Natl Arboretum, Floral & Nursery Plants Res Unit, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 003, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM robert.griesbach@ars.usda.gov FU Kerry's Bromeliad Nursery, Inc., McCorkle Nurseries, Inc. [58-3K95-5-1074]; Agricultural Research Service FX This work was supported by a Cooperative Research and Development Agreement (58-3K95-5-1074) between Kerry's Bromeliad Nursery, Inc., McCorkle Nurseries, Inc., and Agricultural Research Service. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 134 IS 1 BP 88 EP 96 PG 9 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 409IJ UT WOS:000263499100010 ER PT J AU Callahan, AM Dardick, C Scorza, R AF Callahan, Ann M. Dardick, Chris Scorza, Ralph TI Characterization of 'Stoneless': A Naturally Occurring, Partially Stoneless Plum Cultivar SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Prunus domestica; lignin; fruit endocarp; stone development; pit ID FRUIT; ROSACEAE AB The plum (Prunus domestica) cultivar Stoneless was characterized to determine if the lack of stone was the result of reduced endocarp development or a decrease in lignification. Fruit were sampled at several times from 37 days before stone hardening (DBH) until the stone was too hard to cut with a knife and were compared with plum fruit that had normal stones. At all sampling times there was less endocarp tissue and reduced lignin staining in the 'Stoneless' plum fruit. The tissue that did stain appeared to be small endocarp remnants present in the 'Stoneless' plum, and was concentrated at the suture side and at the blossom end as well as the stem end. The lignin stain was detected in these regions beginning at 19 DBH, while the normal plums had a progression of staining beginning at the blossom end, suture side at 23 DBH and radiating up to the stem end and throughout the presumptive stone tissue at 8 DBH. Comparison of dry weight for dissected tissues agreed with the specific lack of endocarp tissue in the 'Stoneless' plum. Gene activity for the lignin pathway was analyzed using four known genes required for lignification. All four genes showed endocarp-specific expression in 'Stoneless' similar to that observed for the control. These results support the idea that the phenotype of 'Stoneless' plum fruit is due to a decrease in endocarp formation rather than a decrease in endocarp lignification. C1 [Callahan, Ann M.; Dardick, Chris; Scorza, Ralph] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Callahan, AM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM ann.callahan@ars.usda.gov NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 134 IS 1 BP 120 EP 125 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 409IJ UT WOS:000263499100013 ER PT J AU Fonseca, JM Kim, HJ Kline, WL Wyenandt, CA Hoque, M Ajwa, H French, N AF Fonseca, Jorge M. Kim, Hyun-Jin Kline, Weslev L. Wyenandt, Christian A. Hoque, Murshidul Ajwa, Husein French, Ned TI Effect of Preharvest Application of a Second-generation Harpin Protein on Microbial Quality, Antioxidants, and Shelf Life of Fresh-cut Lettuce SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE elicitor; minimally processed; oxidation; phenolics; postharvest ID LACTUCA-SATIVA L.; METHYL JASMONATE; HYPERSENSITIVE RESPONSE; POLYPHENOL OXIDASE; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; SALICYLIC-ACID; INDUCED RESISTANCE; PHENOLIC SYNTHESIS; PLANTS; PEROXIDASE AB The effect of preharvest application of a newly developed second-generation harpin product (2G-Harpin) on shelf life of fresh-cut lettuce (Lactuca sativa) was investigated. The lettuce plants were grown in three locations in the United States: Watsonville, CA, Cedarville, NJ, and Yuma, AZ, and treated 5 days before harvest at 140, 280, and 420 g.ha(-1) (30, 60, and 90 mg.L(-1)). Lettuce processed and bagged were stored at 1 to 3 degrees C and evaluated for quality for 20 days. Lettuce from California treated with 2G-Harpin at 280 to 420 g.ha(-1) consistently showed better visual quality and lower microbial population than the control. Overall results in New Jersey showed no major differences among treatments. In Arizona, microbial population was lower and visual quality was higher in lettuce treated at 280 and 420 g.ha(-1) during part of the storage period. In further experimentation, we examined the phenolic content of lettuce harvested I and 7 days after treatment with 2G-Harpin. The results showed that phenolic content was higher in all treated lettuce than in the control lettuce after 24 h. Six days later, the levels fell back to the initial stage. Antioxidants capacity increased by 40% in head leaves when plants were treated with 280 and 420 g.ha(-1) 2G-Harpin, but no change was observed in outer leaves. Overall, it was revealed that a field application of 2G-Harpin can improve quality of fresh-cut lettuce under environmental conditions that need to be determined. Our results with phenolic content and antioxidant activity suggested that improvement in quality is probably the result of alteration of metabolites' composition and demonstrated that increased phenolics do not correlate with lower quality of fresh-cut products. C1 [Fonseca, Jorge M.; Kim, Hyun-Jin] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. [Kline, Weslev L.; Wyenandt, Christian A.] Rutgers Cooperat Extens, Bridgeton, NJ 08302 USA. [Hoque, Murshidul; Ajwa, Husein] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. [French, Ned] Plant Hlth Care Inc, Little Rock, AR 72223 USA. RP Fonseca, JM (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, 6425 8th St, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. EM jfonseca@ag.arizona.edu FU Plant Health Care, Inc. (former Eden BioSciences, Inc.) FX We thank Ramiro Galvez for his assistance in the Watsonville and Yuma trials. We also thank Plant Health Care, Inc. (former Eden BioSciences, Inc.) for the funding support to conduct this study. NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 134 IS 1 BP 141 EP 147 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 409IJ UT WOS:000263499100016 ER PT J AU Lim, CS Kang, SM Cho, JL Gross, KC AF Lim, Chae Shin Kang, Seong Mo Cho, Jeoung Lai Gross, Kenneth C. TI Antioxidizing Enzyme Activities in Chilling-sensitive and Chilling-tolerant Pepper Fruit as Affected by Stage of Ripeness and Storage Temperature SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Capsicum annuum; carotenoids; ethylene; respiration; surface pitting ID CAPSICUM-ANNUUM L.; OXIDATIVE STRESS; MANDARIN FRUITS; TOMATO FRUIT; INJURY; ETHYLENE; ANTIOXIDANTS; INVOLVEMENT; SENESCENCE; RESISTANCE AB To study ripening-related chilling, injury in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.), chilling-tolerant 'Buchon' and chilling-sensitive 'Nockgwang' fruit v.,ere harvested at mature green (MG), breaker (BR), and red-ripe (RR) stages and stored at 1, 5, and 10 degrees C for 21 d. 'Buchon' did not show surface pitting (SP) regardless of ripeness stage and storage temperature, whereas 'Nockgwang' at MG and BR exhibited SP at 1 and 5 degrees C. After 14 days of storage at 1 degrees C, chilling-sensitive 'Nockgwang' did not show SP when fruit were at the RR stage. Compared with 'Buchon', 'Nockgwang' at MG and BR had more electrolyte leakage increase during storage at 1 and 5 degrees C. 'Buchon' at all ripeness stages showed significantly higher ethylene production during storage regardless of storage temperatures. Contents of beta-carotene and lycopene increased in both cultivars as ripening progressed. The contents of beta-carotene and lycopene were similar between the two cultivars regardless of storage temperatures and ripeness stages. Susceptibility of pepper fruit to chilling appeared to be related to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Activities of SOD and CAT were much higher in 'Buchon' than 'Nockgwang', more apparently at MG and BR. The results suggest that chilling-tolerant 'Buchon' and fruit at RR could have been equipped with a more efficient antioxidizing system, even if it was not clear whether oxidative stress is a cause or an effect of the CI in pepper. C1 [Kang, Seong Mo; Cho, Jeoung Lai] Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Div Appl Life Sci, Dept Hort, Jinju 660701, Gyeongsangnam D, South Korea. [Lim, Chae Shin] Gyeongsangnamdo Agr Res & Extens Serv, Agr Technol Educ Ctr, Jinju 10851, South Korea. [Gross, Kenneth C.] USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Cho, JL (reprint author), Gyeongsang Natl Univ, Div Appl Life Sci, Dept Hort, Gazwadong 900, Jinju 660701, Gyeongsangnam D, South Korea. EM limsabin@gsnd.net FU Inst. of Agri. & Life Sci. GNU, Rural Development Administration; Agricultural R&D Promotion Center in Korea FX We gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the Inst. of Agri. & Life Sci. GNU, Rural Development Administration, and Agricultural R&D Promotion Center in Korea. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 113 S WEST ST, STE 200, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-2851 USA SN 0003-1062 EI 2327-9788 J9 J AM SOC HORTIC SCI JI J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 134 IS 1 BP 156 EP 163 PG 8 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 409IJ UT WOS:000263499100018 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Jin, TZ Finkenstadt, V Liu, CK Cooke, PH Coffin, DR Hicks, KB Samer, C AF Liu, L. S. Jin, T. Z. Finkenstadt, V. Liu, C. -K. Cooke, P. H. Coffin, D. R. Hicks, K. B. Samer, C. TI ANTIMICROBIAL PACKAGING MATERIALS FROM POLY(LACTIC ACID) INCORPORATED WITH PECTIN-NISAPLIN (R) MICROPARTICLES SO JOURNAL OF THE BALKAN TRIBOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE pectin; nisin; active packaging; poly(lactic acid); biodegradable; acoustic emission ID COMPOSITE FILMS; LACTIC-ACID; PECTIN; GROWTH; BLENDS; NISIN; MEAT AB The thermostability of nisin and Nisaplin (R) was investigated in the presence and absence of pectin. By mixing with pectin, both nisin and Nisaplin (R) were able to inhibit microbial growth, even after heating to 160 degrees C. In contrast, without pectin, the nisin was totally inactivated after heat treatment. Nisin and pectin in solution were complexed, as shown by atomic force microscopic analysis. Probably, the complex formation between the polysaccharide and the polypeptide contributed to improve the thermostability of nisin; however, a detailed mechanism remains to be resolved. Thin membranes were prepared by co-extrusion of poly(lactic acid) and microparticles of pectin-Nisapline (R). Despite the high extrusion temperatures, the presence of pectin protected the biological activity of the nisin and the resultant membranes were antimicrobial and could be used as an inner layer of multi-layer packaging materials for active packaging. C1 [Liu, L. S.; Coffin, D. R.; Hicks, K. B.] ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19095 USA. [Jin, T. Z.] ARS, Food Safety Intervent Technol Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19095 USA. [Finkenstadt, V.] ARS, Plant Polymer Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Liu, C. -K.] ARS, Fats Oils & Anim Coprod Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19095 USA. [Cooke, P. H.] ARS, Microbial Biophys & Residue Chem & Core Technol R, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19095 USA. [Samer, C.] Air Prod & Chem Inc, Food & Ind Cryo Res & Dev, Allentown, PA 18195 USA. RP Liu, LS (reprint author), ARS, Crop Convers Sci & Engn Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19095 USA. EM LinShu.Liu@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU SCIBULCOM LTD PI SOFIA PA PO BOX 249, 1113 SOFIA, BULGARIA SN 1310-4772 J9 J BALK TRIBOL ASSOC JI J. Balk. Tribol. Assoc. PY 2009 VL 15 IS 2 BP 237 EP 252 PG 16 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 480MQ UT WOS:000268739400012 ER PT J AU Frankie, GW Rizzardi, M Vinson, SB Griswold, TL AF Frankie, Gordon W. Rizzardi, Mark Vinson, S. Bradleigh Griswold, Terry L. TI Decline in Bee Diversity and Abundance from 1972-2004 on a Flowering Leguminous Tree, Andira inermis in Costa Rica at the Interface of Disturbed Dry Forest and the Urban Environment SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Solitary bees; bee pollination; tropical dry forest; urban ecology; deforestation; long-term monitoring ID SOLITARY BEES; HONEY-BEE; WILD BEES; HYMENOPTERA; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; AFRICAN; RANGES AB Long-term monitoring of bees in specific sites provides information on changes in species diversity and abundance, especially in areas close to human habitation. Evaluations of this monitoring data combined with relevant measures of anthropogenic activity can aide in interpreting emerging patterns of bee pollinators. In 1972, we sampled bees visiting flowers of a population of the leguminous tree, Andira inermis (W. Wright) DC in a dry forest site adjacent to the town of Liberia, Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica. Slightly more than 800 bees were recorded on the average per tree site, with an overall bee diversity among the trees of approximately 70 species. Standardized bee samples were taken again from the same population of A. inermis in 1996, 1999, and 2004. In each of these years average abundance level per tree was greatly reduced, as was overall species diversity. Andira inermis trees were also observed to have variable attraction for large anthophorid bees versus honey bees. Some trees attracted significantly more anthophorids than honey bees, whereas other trees attracted the opposite. Since 1972 there were many changes in land use that were directly related to a rapidly growing human population in Liberia. These changes, which greatly modified the natural landscape and vegetation, are believed to have caused a major decline in species diversity and abundance of bees to a low but consistent level. Concurrently, increased urban growth has resulted in many more residential neighborhoods that have a wide variety of ornamental flowering plant species, many of which are native to Costa Rica, that attract a wide variety of native bee species. Evidence is offered to suggest that urban residential areas represent a source of bees that continue to visit A. inermis at low levels in and immediately around Liberia. C1 [Frankie, Gordon W.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Nat Resources, Div Insect Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Rizzardi, Mark] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Math, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Vinson, S. Bradleigh] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Griswold, Terry L.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Frankie, GW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Coll Nat Resources, Div Insect Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM Frankie@nature.berkeley.edu; mar13@humboldt.edu; bvinson@neo.tamu.edu; tgris@biology.usu.edu FU California Agricultural Experiment Station; Texas A&M Agricultural Experimental Station FX We thank the California Agricultural Experiment Station and the Texas A&M Agricultural Experimental Station for partial support of this research. Peter Ronchi, Luis Sandoval, Mary Schindler, and Eduardo Lepiz assisted with field collections/observations of the plants and bees. Nelson Zamora at Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad in San Domingo, Heredia, Costa Rica provided identification for many of the plant species. Alfonso Mata of Centro Scientifico Tropical, San Jose, Costa Rica secured population statistics and aerial images of the city of Liberia. The Stewart family kindly allowed us to collect bees and plants on their wildland property, which is disturbed dry forest, in the vicinity of Liberia and Bagaces. Robbin Thorp and Jennifer Hernandez kindly read an early draft of this paper. NR 33 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 39 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 82 IS 1 BP 1 EP 20 PG 20 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 433SR UT WOS:000265226600001 ER PT J AU Cane, JH Rust, RW Bohart, GW AF Cane, James H. Rust, Richard W. Bohart, George W. TI Resurrecting the Bee Osmia aglaia Sandhouse from Synonymy (Hymenoptera: Apiformes: Megachilidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Apoidea; bees; taxonomy AB The western US bee Osmia aglaia Sandhouse is resurrected from synonymy with O. laeta Sandhouse. Confusion resulted from errors in paratype identification, which are herein corrected. New distinguishing morphological characters are provided that justify the specific status of O. aglaia. C1 [Cane, James H.; Bohart, George W.] Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Pollinating Insect Res Unit, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Rust, Richard W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA. RP Cane, JH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA, Bee Biol Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM Jim.Cane@ars.usda.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 82 IS 1 BP 43 EP 45 PG 3 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 433SR UT WOS:000265226600004 ER PT J AU Chege, PG Clark, TL Hibbard, BE AF Chege, Peter G. Clark, Thomas L. Hibbard, Bruce E. TI Initial Larval Feeding on an Alternate Host Enhances Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Beetle Emergence on Cry3Bb1-Expressing Maize SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Diabrotica virgifera; rootworm; beetle; host-switching; transgenic maize ID GAS-EXCHANGE PARAMETERS; TO-PLANT MOVEMENT; TRANSGENIC CORN; EGG VIABILITY; NEBRASKA; GROWTH; INSECTICIDES; INJURY; RESISTANCE; FECUNDITY AB The potential for rootworm larvae to move between grassy weeds and transgenic maize may be important in resistance management of transgenic rootworm-resistant maize. An experiment was conducted under growth chamber and greenhouse conditions to determine the impact or initial feeding of rootworm larvae on alternate hosts, followed by switching host to transgenic maize, on the development of western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte). Two grassy weed species, rootworm-resistant Cry3Bb1 transgenic maize (MON863, YieldGard(R) Rootworm) and its isoline, were infested with 50 neonate larvae per container four weeks after planting. Large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop), and giant foxtail, Setaria faberi R. A. W. Herrm both in the Poaceae, were chosen because they were relatively good hosts in previous studies. On the 5(th), 10(th), and 15(th) d after infestation, the Tullgren funnel technique was used to facilitate larval movement (host-switching) from the original host plants to the final hosts (MON863 or its isoline). Beetle emergence and fecundity were significantly impacted by the original host, the final host, and their interaction. The original and the final host plant also significantly impacted the sex ratio of the beetles. The host-switching date did not impact any of those three variables. Only the original host had a significant impact on egg viability. Significantly more reproductively fit beetles were produced from larvae that fed on an alternate host before moving to transgenic maize than from larvae fed exclusively on transgenic maize. Interactions with alternate hosts may influence transgenic maize resistance management models. C1 [Chege, Peter G.; Clark, Thomas L.; Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, Dept Entomol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hibbard, Bruce E.] Univ Missouri, USDA ARS, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Chege, PG (reprint author), Univ Illinois Extens, Quad Cities Extens Ctr, 4550 Kennedy Dr,Suite 2, E Moline, IL 61244 USA. EM pchege@illinois.edu FU USDA CSREES NRI CGP [2002-35316-12282] FX We are thankful to Mary Gacii and Brian Gacii for helping with the maintenance of the plants. Thanks also to Matt Higdon and Sandra Briesacher for their help at various stages of the project and for their contribution to earlier versions of this manuscript. We also thank Mark Ellersieck for his assistance with the statistical analysis. The project was funded, in part, by the USDA CSREES NRI CGP Project Award Number 2002-35316-12282. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 82 IS 1 BP 63 EP 75 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 433SR UT WOS:000265226600006 ER PT J AU Hawkins, TS Schiff, NM Leininger, TD Gardiner, ES Devall, MS Hamel, PB Wilson, AD Connor, KF AF Hawkins, Tracy S. Schiff, Nathan M. Leininger, Theodor D. Gardiner, Emile S. Devall, Margaret S. Hamel, Paul B. Wilson, A. Dan Connor, Kristina F. TI Growth and intraspecific competitive abilities of the dioecious Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae) in varied flooding regimes SO JOURNAL OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE competition; endangered; growth characteristics; hydrologic regime; pondberry ID SHRUB OEMLERIA-CERASIFORMIS; SEX-RATIO VARIATION; RAIN-FOREST; VEGETATIVE GROWTH; RUMEX-ACETOSA; FEMALE PLANTS; R-ACETOSELLA; REPRODUCTION; ALLOCATION; PATTERNS AB HAWKINS, T. S., N. M. SCHIFF, T. D. LEININGER, E. S. GARDINER, M. S. DEVALL, P. B. HAMEL, A. D. WILSON, AND K. F. CONNOR (USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Stoneville, MS 38776). Growth and intraspecific competitive abilities of the dioecious Lindera melissifolia (Lauraceae) in varied flooding regimes. J. Torrey Bot. Sec. 136: 91-101. 2009.-The contribution of sexual dimorphism to male-biased colony ratios observed in field populations of the federally endangered Lindera melissifolia was investigated. Growth characteristics and intraspecific relative competitive abilities were determined for first-year male and female L. melissifolia plants grown at varied densities and receiving three flooding treatments. In the no-flooding and 30-day-flooding treatments, stem height, stem diameter, and total leaf area for male plants were significantly greater than that of higher density male plantings and of female plants without respect to density. In both male and female plants, stem growth ceased and leaves were abscised in response to flooding. Although density effects in combination with hydrologic regime influenced intersexual competition, male-bias from competitive exclusion was not indicated. Growth characteristics for male plants grown alone suggest potential for greater interspecific competitive abilities than that of female plants. Therefore, male plants may be better adapted for colonizing suitable habitat, thus contributing to male-biased colony ratios observed in naturally occurring populations. C1 [Hawkins, Tracy S.; Schiff, Nathan M.; Leininger, Theodor D.; Gardiner, Emile S.; Devall, Margaret S.; Hamel, Paul B.; Wilson, A. Dan; Connor, Kristina F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Ctr Bottomland Hardwoods Res, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Hawkins, TS (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, US Forest Serv, USDA, 303 Thompson Hall, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM tracyhawkins@fs.fed.us RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015 OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232 NR 60 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU TORREY BOTANICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1095-5674 J9 J TORREY BOT SOC JI J. Torrey Bot. Soc. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 136 IS 1 BP 91 EP 101 DI 10.3159/08-RA-049R1.1 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 439II UT WOS:000265620400008 ER PT J AU Jennelle, CS Samuel, MD Nolden, CA Keane, DP Barr, DJ Johnson, C Vanderloo, JP Aiken, JM Hamir, AN Hoover, EA AF Jennelle, Christopher S. Samuel, Michael D. Nolden, Cherrie A. Keane, Delwyn P. Barr, Daniel J. Johnson, Chad Vanderloo, Joshua P. Aiken, Judd M. Hamir, Amir N. Hoover, Edward A. TI Surveillance for Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy in Scavengers of White-Tailed Deer Carcasses in the Chronic Wasting Disease Area of Wisconsin SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES LA English DT Article ID CERVUS-ELAPHUS-NELSONI; RACCOONS PROCYON-LOTOR; MULE DEER; ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; PRION PROTEIN; MINK ENCEPHALOPATHY; SCRAPIE; AGENT; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INOCULATION AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD), a class of neurodegenerative transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE) occurring in cervids, is found in a number of states and provinces across North America. Misfolded prions, the infectious agents of CWD, are deposited in the environment via carcass remains and excreta, and pose a threat of cross-species transmission. In this study tissues were tested from 812 representative mammalian scavengers, collected in the CWD-affected area of Wisconsin, for TSE infection using the IDEXX HerdChek enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Only four of the collected mammals tested positive using the ELISA, but these were negative when tested by Western blot. While our sample sizes permitted high probabilities of detecting TSE assuming 1% population prevalence in several common scavengers (93%, 87%, and 87% for raccoons, opossums, and coyotes, respectively), insufficient sample sizes for other species precluded similar conclusions. One cannot rule out successful cross-species TSE transmission to scavengers, but the results suggest that such transmission is not frequent in the CWD-affected area of Wisconsin. The need for further surveillance of scavenger species, especially those known to be susceptible to TSE (e.g., cat, American mink, raccoon), is highlighted in both a field and laboratory setting. C1 [Jennelle, Christopher S.; Nolden, Cherrie A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Samuel, Michael D.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Keane, Delwyn P.; Barr, Daniel J.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Vet Diagnost Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Johnson, Chad; Vanderloo, Joshua P.; Aiken, Judd M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Hlth & Biomed Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hamir, Amir N.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Hoover, Edward A.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Jennelle, CS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM jennelle@wisc.edu NR 53 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1528-7394 EI 1087-2620 J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A PY 2009 VL 72 IS 17-18 BP 1018 EP 1024 AR PII 914078891 DI 10.1080/15287390903084249 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 485SL UT WOS:000269144100005 PM 19697235 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH Stoecker, BJ AF Nielsen, Forrest H. Stoecker, Barbara J. TI Boron and fish oil have different beneficial effects on strength and trabecular microarchitecture of bone SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Symposium on All Aspects of Plant and Animal Boron Nutrition CY SEP 09-13, 2005 CL Wuhan, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Bone; Boron; Fatty acids; Fish oil; Nutrient interaction ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; DIETARY BORON; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; RATS; SUPPLEMENTATION; HOMOCYSTEINE; METABOLISM; NUTRITION; OVARIECTOMY; DEFICIENCY AB An experiment was performed to determine whether boron deprivation would adversely affect vertebra (trabecular) bone microarchitecture, and whether any adverse effect would be modified by dietary fatty acid composition. Female rats were fed diets containing 0.1 mg (9 mu mol) boron/kg in a factorial arrangement with variables of supplemental boron at 0 (boron-deprived) or 3 (boron-adequate) mg (278 mu mol)/kg and fat sources of 75 g safflower oil/kg or 65 g fish (menhaden) oil/kg plus 10 g linoleic acid/kg. After 6 weeks, six females per treatment were bred. Dams and pups continued on their respective diets through gestation, lactation, and after weaning. At age 21 weeks, the microarchitecture of the fourth lumbar vertebrae from 12 randomly selected pups from each treatment was determined by microcomputed tomography. Boron deprivation decreased bone volume fraction and increased trabecular separation and structural model index. Boron deprivation decreased trabecular thickness when the dietary oil was safflower. A three-point bending test for bone strength found that boron deprivation decreased the maximum force needed to break the femur. Feeding fish oil instead of safflower oil decreased connectivity density in vertebrae of boron-deficient but not in boron-adequate rats. Fish oil instead of safflower oil increased the maximum force to break and the bending moment of the femur, especially in rats fed adequate boron. The findings confirm that boron and fish oil are beneficial to cortical bone strength, and show that nutritional intakes of boron are beneficial for trabecular bone microarchitecture and influence the beneficial effects or fish oil on bone. (C) Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Nielsen, Forrest H.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. [Stoecker, Barbara J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, 2420 2nd Ave N,Stop 9034, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM forrest.nielsen@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3 BP 195 EP 203 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.03.003 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 463RE UT WOS:000267448700005 PM 19486829 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, Forrest Harold TI Boron deprivation decreases liver S-adenosylmethionine and spermidine and increases plasma homocysteine and cysteine in rats SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Boron; S-adenosylmethionine; Homocysteine; Fish oil; Cysteine ID DIETARY BORON; FISH-OIL; MINERAL-COMPOSITION; XENOPUS-LAEVIS; FATTY-ACIDS; RISK; DEFICIENCY; POLYAMINES; METHIONINE; MAGNESIUM AB Two experiments were conducted with weanling Sprague-Dawley rats to determine whether changes in S-adenosylmethionine utilization or metabolism contribute to the diverse responses to boron deprivation. In both experiments, four treatment groups of 15 male rats were fed ground corn-casein based diets that contained an average of 0.05 mg (experiment 1) or 0.15 mg (experiment 2) boron/kg. In experiment 2, some ground corn was replaced by sucrose and fructose to increase oxidative stress. The dietary variables were supplemental 0 (boron-deprived) or 3 (boron-adequate) mg boron/kg and different fat sources (can affect the response to boron) of 75 g corn oil/kg or 65 g fish (menhaden) oil/kg plus 10 linoleic acid/kg. When euthanized at age 20 (experiment 1) and 18 (experiment 2) weeks, rats fed the low-boron diet were considered boron-deprived because they had decreased boron concentrations in femur and kidney. Boron deprivation regardless of dietary oil increased plasma cysteine and homocysteine and decreased liver S-adenosylmethionine, S-adenosylhomocysteine, and spermidine. Plasma concentration of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2 alpha) (indicator of oxidative stress) was not affected by boron, but was decreased by feeding fish oil instead of corn oil. Fish oil instead of corn oil decreased S-adenosylmethionine, increased spermidine, and did not affect S-adenosylhomocysteine concentrations in liver. Additionally, fish oil versus corn oil did not affect plasma homocysteine in experiment 1, and slightly increased it in experiment 2. The findings suggest that boron is bioactive through affecting the formation or utilization of S-adenosylmethionine. Dietary fatty acid composition also affects S-adenosylmethionine formation or utilization, but apparently through a mechanism different from that of boron. (C) Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. RP Nielsen, FH (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA. EM fnielsen@gfhnrc.ars.usda.gov NR 49 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2009 VL 23 IS 3 BP 204 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.03.001 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 463RE UT WOS:000267448700006 PM 19486830 ER PT J AU Hawkes, WC Hwang, A Alkan, Z AF Hawkes, Wayne Chris Hwang, Amie Alkan, Zeynep TI The effect of selenium supplementation on DTH skin responses in healthy North American Men SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Selenium supplementation; Immune function; Immunotolerance; Natural killer cell; T-cell ID DELAYED-TYPE HYPERSENSITIVITY; ANTIGEN-PRESENTING CELLS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; REGULATORY-T-CELLS; NK CELLS; DIETARY SELENIUM; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; VITAMIN-E; CELLULAR-IMMUNITY; YEAST AB The trace element selenium (Se) is essential for immune system development and function in animals. However, the exact functions of Se in the human immune system and the achievable health benefits from Se supplementation remain unclear. To test whether an increased intake of dietary Se affects immune function, we conducted a randomized, controlled trial of Se supplementation in healthy free-living men. Forty-two men were administered 300 mu g of Se a day as high-Se Baker's yeast, or low-Se yeast for 48 weeks. Serum immunoglobulins, differential complete blood counts and lymphocyte sub-populations were measured every 6 weeks. Tests of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) skin responses to mumps, candida, trychophyton, tuberculin-purified protein, and tetanus were performed at baseline and at the end of 48 weeks of treatment. Supplementation increased blood Se concentration by 50%. Surprisingly, consumption of the low-Se yeast induced anergy in DTH skin responses and increased counts of natural killer (NK) cells and T lymphocytes expressing both subunits of the high affinity interleukin-2 receptor (IL2R). DTH skin responses and IL2R + cells did not change in the high-Se group, suggesting Se supplementation blocked induction of DTH anergy. There were no differences between groups in quality of life indicators, number of days sick, other leukocyte phenotypes, serum immunoglobulins, or complement factors. These results suggest that Se plays a role in immunotolerization, a cell-mediated process involved in many aspects of immune function. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Hawkes, Wayne Chris; Hwang, Amie; Alkan, Zeynep] Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Hawkes, WC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA, ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, 430 W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wayne.hawkes@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture CRIS [5306-51530-009-OOD] FX US Department of Agriculture CRIS Project No. 5306-51530-009-OOD supported this research. The authors gratefully acknowledge the excellent technical assistance of the Human Studies Unit of WHNRC and the clinical staff of the UC Davis Cowell Student Health Center for their assistance with the conduct of this study. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the US Department of Agriculture or the University of California, nor does it imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. The opinions expressed herein represent those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the US Department of Agriculture or the University of California. NR 61 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0946-672X J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol. PY 2009 VL 23 IS 4 BP 272 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2009.04.002 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 510ER UT WOS:000271071300005 PM 19747623 ER PT J AU Spraker, TR VerCauteren, KC Gidlewski, T Schneider, DA Munger, R Balachandran, A O'Rourke, KI AF Spraker, Terry R. VerCauteren, Kurt C. Gidlewski, Thomas Schneider, David A. Munger, Randy Balachandran, Aru O'Rourke, Katherine I. TI Antemortem detection of PrPCWD in preclinical, ranch-raised Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) by biopsy of the rectal mucosa SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Antemortem diagnosis; chronic wasting disease; elk; transmissible spongiform encephalopathy ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; DEER ODOCOILEUS-HEMIONUS; AFFECTED SUFFOLK SHEEP; CAPTIVE MULE DEER; LYMPHOID-TISSUES; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; NATURAL SCRAPIE; PRION PROTEIN; PRPSC; ACCUMULATION AB Antemortem biopsy or the rectal mucosa was evaluated as a method for the preclinical diagnosis of chronic wasting disease (CWD) in a herd of ranch-raised Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) quarantined because or exposure to CWD. Biopsy samples were obtained from 41 elk during the winter of 2005 2006 and from 26 elk from that herd still alive and available for testing during the winter of 2006-2007. Samples were examined for PrPCWD, the protein marker for CWD infection, by immunohistochemistry. PrPCWD was detected in follicles of the rectoanal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue in biopsy samples from 1 elk with clinical signs of chronic wasting disease and 5 clinically normal elk. The diagnosis was confirmed in all 6 animals by postmortem analysis of brain and peripheral lymph nodes. PrPCWD was also observed in the submucosal plexus and myenteric Plexus Of the enteric nervous system, and in close association with nonmyelinated mucosal and submucosal nerve fibers. In antemortem rectal biopsy samples from positive animals, immunostaining was consistently observed in approximately 60% of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue follicles if 10 or more total follicles per biopsy were present for evaluation. Most antemortem biopsy samples obtained from elk younger than 6.5 years contained at least 10 follicles per rectal mucosal biopsy. These findings support the analysis of antemortem biopsy of the rectal mucosa samples as part of an integrated strategy to manage chronic wasting disease in Rocky Mountain elk. C1 [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Gidlewski, Thomas; Munger, Randy] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [VerCauteren, Kurt C.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. [O'Rourke, Katherine I.] ARS, USDA, ADRU, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, OIE, Nepean, ON, Canada. [Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Natl Reference Lab Scrapie, Nepean, ON, Canada. [Balachandran, Aru] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, CWD, Nepean, ON, Canada. RP O'Rourke, KI (reprint author), ARS, USDA, ADRU, 3003 ADBF, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM katherine.o'rourke@ars.usda.gov RI Schneider, David/A-2833-2010 OI Schneider, David/0000-0001-9659-6731 FU USDA ARS/ADRU [58-5348-2-0678]; Colorado State University Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO FX The authors thank Dennis and Stephanie White (owners or Velvet Ridge Elk Ranch, Fort Collins, CO) for allowing us to biopsy their elk and for providing assistance with handling the elk and recording data. The authors also thank Denise Spraker, Troy Spraker, Sandra Spraker, Michael Lavalle, Justin Fischer, Patrick Burke, Tara Rudy, Heidi VanRackel, and Scott Leach for assisting with biopsy collection and data recording, and Robert Zink for embedding and cutting biopsy samples. Bruce Cummings provided immunohistochemical immunolabeling of the tissues. This project wits supported in part by USDA ARS/ADRU Specific Cooperative Agreement 58-5348-2-0678 and the Colorado State University Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 15 EP 24 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 399IO UT WOS:000262793800003 PM 19139496 ER PT J AU Casey, TA Bosworth, BT AF Casey, Thomas A. Bosworth, Brad T. TI Design and evaluation of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for the simultaneous identification of genes for nine different virulence factors associated with Escherichia coli that cause diarrhea and edema disease in swine SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Diagnostic assay; edema disease; enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; multiplex polymerase chain reaction; porcine diarrhea; virulence factors; virulence genes ID FIMBRIAL SUBUNIT GENE; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; POSTWEANING DIARRHEA; PIGS; TOXIN; STRAINS; PCR; ENTEROTOXINS; PREVALENCE; HOMOLOGY AB A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) assay was developed for detection and characterization of pathogenic Escherichia coli that cause diarrhea and edema disease in swine. The mPCR assay was designed as a single reaction for detecting 5 different adhesins (K88, K99, 98713, F41, and 1718), 3 enterotoxins (LT, STaP, and STb), and the Shiga toxin (Stx2e) associated with porcine pathogenic E. coli. The specificity of the mPCR assay was evaluated by comparison with results from previous analysis of 100 porcine isolates characterized by colony blot hybridization with DNA probes for the 5 adhesins and 4 toxin genes. There was complete agreement between the 2 methods. The mPCR assay for E coli pathogens isolated from swine was further evaluated by examination of strains containing virulence factors that are known to have different antigenic subtypes or DNA sequence variations. It was found that the mPCR assays targeting genes encoding for K88 and F18 amplified products with the appropriate sizes from strains containing genes for different K88 and F18 antigenic subtypes: mPCR assays targeting the gene encoding for STaP amplified product from only STaP-positive but not STaH-positivec isolates; and mPCR assays targeting the gene encoding for the Stx2 amplified products from only Stx2-positive and not Stx1-positive isolates. Similarly, mPCR assays targeting the gene encoding for LTI did not produce the appropriate product from strains containing genes for LTII The mPCR assays are simple to perform, and they should be useful for diagnosis of porcine colibacillosis, including the genotypic characterization of E coli isolates from pigs with diarrhea or edema disease. C1 [Casey, Thomas A.; Bosworth, Brad T.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Bosworth, Brad T.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, Ames, IA USA. RP Casey, TA (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 2300 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM Thomas.Casey@ars.usda.gov RI Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013 NR 40 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 25 EP 30 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 399IO UT WOS:000262793800004 PM 19139497 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Kunkle, RA Greenlee, JJ Richt, JA AF Hamir, Amir N. Kunkle, Robert A. Greenlee, Justin J. Richt, Juergen A. TI Experimental oral transmission of United States origin scrapie to neonatal sheep SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Immunohistochemistry; neonatal sheep; scrapie; spongiform encephalopathy; Western blot ID PRION PROTEIN AB Scrapie, a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE), is a naturally occurring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. The current study documents incubation periods, pathologic findings, and distribution of abnormal prion proteins (PrP(Sc)) by immunohistochemistry and Western blot in tissues of genetically susceptible and resistant neonatal lambs inoculated with pooled brain homogenates from 13 U.S. origin scrapie-affected ewes. Nine Suffolk lambs with genotypes AA/RR/QQ (n = 5) and AA/RR/QR (n = 4) at codons 136, 154, and 171, respectively were orally inoculated, within 12 hr of birth, with 1 ml of a 10% (w/v) brain homogenate prepared from scrapie-affected sheep brains. Inoculated animals were euthanized when advanced clinical signs of scrapie were observed. All QQ sheep developed clinical signs of scrapic, with a mean survival time of 24 months. Spongiform lesions in the brains and PrP(Sc) deposits in the central nervous system and lymphoid tissues were present in these sheep. None of the QR sheep succumbed to the disease. A previous study that used a larger volume (30 ml of 10% brain suspension) of the same inoculum in 4-month-old Suffolk lambs of susceptible genotype documented longer survival periods (average 32 months), and only 5 of 9 inoculated sheep developed scrapie. Findings of this study suggest that orally exposed neonatal lambs of a susceptible (QQ) genotype exhibit a higher attack rate and shorter incubation period than older (4-month-old) lambs exposed to a larger dose (30X) of the same inoculum. C1 [Hamir, Amir N.; Kunkle, Robert A.; Greenlee, Justin J.; Richt, Juergen A.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amir.hamir@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI TURLOCK PA PO BOX 1522, TURLOCK, CA 95381 USA SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 64 EP 68 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 399IO UT WOS:000262793800010 PM 19139503 ER PT J AU Mollat, WH Gailbreath, KL Orbell, GM AF Mollat, Wendy Harless Gailbreath, Katherine L. Orbell, Geoffrey M. TI Metastatic malignant melanoma in an alpaca (Vicugna pacos) SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Alpacas; camelid; malignant melanoma; metastatic; neoplasia ID MECHANISMS; UNIVERSITY AB A case of malignant melanoma in a 7-year-old, intact, black, male Huacaya alpaca with a history of a chronic, nonhealing wound involving the left external nostril, weight loss, and inappetence is described. Malignant melanoma was diagnosed by histology of punch biopsy specimens from a mass on the maxilla associated with the nonhealing wound and from a mass in the submandibular region. The alpaca was humanely euthanized 10 days after the diagnosis on the basis of the poor prognosis and rapid clinical deterioration. At postmortem examination, the alpaca had an ulcerated, multilobulated, black pigmented mass (8.0 cm x 6.0 cm x 4.0 cm) that infiltrated the left rostral maxilla extending into the marrow space and into the left nasal cavity. Numerous, discrete, coalescing masses were present in the subcutaneous tissue of the submandibular area, peritracheal connective tissue, pericardium, and diaphragmatic parietal pleura and were disseminated throughout the pulmonary parenchyma. The masses were diffusely black on cut surface and exuded black pigment. Histologically, all masses were composed of spindloid to polygonal cells with indistinct cell borders and moderate amounts of cytoplasm that contained abundant fine, black granules (melanin), confirming metastasis of it primary mucocutaneous melanoma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a malignant melanoma involving bone in a New World camelid. C1 [Mollat, Wendy Harless] Pilchuck Vet Hosp, Snohomish, WA USA. [Gailbreath, Katherine L.; Orbell, Geoffrey M.] Washington State Univ, Washington Anim Dis Diagnost Lab, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Gailbreath, Katherine L.] Washington State Univ, USDA, ARS, Anim Dis Invest Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Mollat, WH (reprint author), 11308 92nd St SE, Snohomish, WA 98290 USA. EM wmollat@pilchuckvet.com NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 BP 141 EP 144 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 399IO UT WOS:000262793800024 PM 19139517 ER PT J AU Martin, RR Pinkerton, JN Kraus, J AF Martin, Robert R. Pinkerton, Jack N. Kraus, Jennifer TI The use of collagenase to improve the detection of plant viruses in vector nematodes by RT-PCR SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Dagger nematode; Paratrichodorus; Xiphinema; RT-PCR; RNA; Stubby root nematode; ToRSV; TRSV; TRV ID TOMATO-RINGSPOT-VIRUS; TOBACCO-RATTLE-VIRUS; GRAPEVINE-FANLEAF VIRUS; XIPHINEMA-AMERICANUM; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RED RASPBERRY; TRANSMISSION; INDEX; LOCALIZATION; NEPOVIRUSES AB Tomato ringspot virus (ToRSV), Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) and Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) are transmitted to healthy plants by viruliferous nematodes in the soil. A method was developed for extraction of genomic viral RNA from virus particles carried within nematodes and a sensitive nested RT-PCR detection assay. The procedure has been adapted to microscale for handling multiple samples. This assay is effective for detection of ToRSV or TRSV in Xiphinema americanum or TRV in Paratrichodorus allius. With this method, viruses can be detected in nematodes fed on infected plants or from field-collected nematodes where the percentage of viruliferous nematodes is unknown. Soil samples from four red raspberry fields infected with ToRSV were collected in 2003 and 2004. Nematodes isolated from these samples were assayed for ToRSV by RT-PCR and compared to cucumber baiting bioassay for virus transmission from the same soil samples. ToRSV was detected in nematodes throughout the season with similar frequencies by the RT-PCR assay and the transmission bioassay. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Martin, Robert R.; Pinkerton, Jack N.; Kraus, Jennifer] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Martin, Robert R.; Kraus, Jennifer] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Martin, RR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, 3420 NW Orchard Ave, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM Bob.Martin@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JAN PY 2009 VL 155 IS 1 BP 91 EP 95 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2008.10.002 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 396DW UT WOS:000262573400015 PM 18992280 ER PT J AU Fayer, R Orlandi, P Perdue, ML AF Fayer, Ronald Orlandi, Palmer Perdue, Michael L. TI Virulence factor activity relationships for hepatitis E and Cryptosporidium SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH LA English DT Article CT Workshop on Virulence Factor Activity Relationships CY OCT, 2004 CL US Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC SP Natl Acad Sci, Natl Res Council HO US Environm Protect Agcy DE cryptosporidiosis; epidemiology; hepatitis; molecular; proteins; taxonomy ID NON-B HEPATITIS; ACUTE VIRAL-HEPATITIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; E VIRUS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; NON-A; SPORADIC ACUTE; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; FULMINANT-HEPATITIS; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY AB The hepatitis E virus and Cryptosporidium are waterborne pathogens, each consisting of distinct taxa, genotypes and isolates that infect humans, nonhuman animal species or both. Some are associated with disease, others are not. Factors contributing to disease are extremely complicated, possibly involving differences in one or more traits associated with an organism's taxon, genotype or isolate and its infectious dose, and age or condition, as well as the host's physiology and immune status. Potential virulence factors have not yet been identified for HEV. Putative virulence factors for Cryptosporidium might be found in recently recognized genes involved in processes such as excystation, adherence to host cells, invasion, intracellular maintenance and host cell destruction. C1 [Fayer, Ronald] USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Orlandi, Palmer] US FDA, ORA, Div Field Sci, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Perdue, Michael L.] US Dept Hlth & Human Sci, Div Influenza & Emerging Dis Biomed Adv Res & Dev, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Environm Microbial Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ronald.fayer@ars.usda.gov NR 75 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU I W A PUBLISHING PI LONDON PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND SN 1477-8920 J9 J WATER HEALTH JI J. Water Health PY 2009 VL 7 BP S55 EP S63 DI 10.2166/wh.2009.044 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Microbiology; Water Resources GA 492BL UT WOS:000269629000005 PM 19717931 ER PT J AU O'Brien, DJ Schmitt, SM Lyashchenko, KP Waters, WR Berry, DE Palmer, MV McNair, J Greenwald, R Esfandiari, J Cosgrove, MK AF O'Brien, Daniel J. Schmitt, Stephen M. Lyashchenko, Konstantin P. Waters, W. Ray Berry, Dale E. Palmer, Mitchell V. McNair, Jim Greenwald, Rena Esfandiari, Javan Cosgrove, Melinda K. TI EVALUATION OF BLOOD ASSAYS FOR DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM BOVIS IN WHITE-TAILED DEER (ODOCOILEUS VIRGINIANUS) IN MICHIGAN SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bovine tuberculosis; diagnostic tests; Mycobacterium bovis; Odocoileus; virginianus; white-tailed deer ID ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; CALMETTE-GUERIN; TUBERCULOSIS; DIAGNOSIS; VACCINATION; ANTIGENS; USA AB Surveillance and control activities related to bovine tuberculosis (TB) in free-ranging, Michigan white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) have been underway for over a decade, with significant progress. However, foci of higher TB prevalence on private lands and limited agency ability to eliminate them using broad control strategies have led to development and trial of new control strategies, such as live trapping, testing, and culling or release. Such strategries require a prompt, accurate live animal test,which has thus far been lacking. We report h ere the ability of seven candidate blood assays to determine the TB infection status of Michigan deer. Our aims were twofold: to characterize the accuracy of the tests using field-collected. samples and to evaluate the feasibility of the tests for use in a test-and-cull strategy. Samples were collected from 760 deer obtained via five diferent surveys conducted between 2004 and 2007. Blood samples were subjected to one or more or the candidate blood assays and evaluated against the results of mycobacterial culture of the cranial lymph nodes. Sensitivities of the tests ranged from 46% to 68%, whereas specificities and negative predictive values were all > 92%. Positive predictive values were highly variable. An exploratory analysis of associations among several host and sampling-related factors and the agreement between blood assay and culture. results suggested these assays were minimally affected. This study demonstrated the capabilities and limitations of several available blood tests for Mycobacterium bovis on specimens obtained through a variety of field surveillance methods. Although these blood assays cannot replace mass culling, information on their performance may prove useful as wildlife disease managers develop innovative methods of detecting infected animals where mass culling is Publicly unacceptable and cannot be used as a control strategy. C1 [O'Brien, Daniel J.; Schmitt, Stephen M.; Cosgrove, Melinda K.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Dis Lab, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. [Lyashchenko, Konstantin P.; Greenwald, Rena; Esfandiari, Javan] Chembio Diagnost Syst Inc, Medford, NY 11763 USA. [Waters, W. Ray; Palmer, Mitchell V.] USDA, Bacterial Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Berry, Dale E.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Mycobacteriol Lab, Lansing, MI 48909 USA. [McNair, Jim] Agrifood & Biosci Inst, Belfast BT3 4SD, Antrim, North Ireland. RP O'Brien, DJ (reprint author), Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Wildlife Dis Lab, 4125 Beaumont Rd,Room 250, Lansing, MI 48910 USA. EM obriend@michigan.gov FU Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act under Michigan Pittman-Robertson Project [W-147-R] FX This work was supported by the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act under Michigan Pittman-Robertson Project W-147-R. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 153 EP 164 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 407VB UT WOS:000263391300015 PM 19204344 ER PT J AU Killian, G Kreeger, TJ Rhyan, J Fagerstone, K Miller, L AF Killian, Gary Kreeger, Terry J. Rhyan, Jack Fagerstone, Kathleen Miller, Lowell TI Observations on the Use of Gonacon (TM) in Captive Female elk (Cervus Elaphus) SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Elk; Cervus elaphus; GnRH vaccine; GonaCon (TM); immunocontraception ID GNRH VACCINE; IMMUNOCONTRACEPTION; TRANSMISSION; DEER AB Overabundant populations of elk (Cerous elaphus) are a significant concern in some areas of the western United States because of potential ecologic damage and spread of brucellosis to domestic livestock. Brucella abortus is transmitted among elk through direct contact with aborted fetuses, placentas and associated fluids, or postpartum discharge of infected animals. Because transmission of brucellosis is dependent on pregnancy, contraception of cows could be used for both disease and population management. The objective of this study was to evaluate contraceptive efficacy of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone vaccine (GonaCon (TM)) in female elk. In September 2004, cows were given a single immunization of either 1,000 mu g (n = 12) or 2,000 mu g (n = 10) of GonaCon (TM) and compared with a group of adjuvant-treated controls (n=15). In November 2004, 2005, and 2006, cows were grouped with bulls for the breeding season. Blood samples were taken in February 2005 and March 2006 and 2007 for pregnancy testing, progesterone assays, and antibody titers. For cows given 1,060 mu g GonaCon (TM) the percentages that were infertile for 2005, 2006, and 2007 were 86%, 90%, and 100%, respectively, compared with 90%, 100%, and 100% for cows given 2,000 mu g GonaCon (TM). Rates of infertility for control cows were 23%, 28%, and 0% (P < 0.0001). The results indicated that either dose of GonaCon (TM) prevented pregnancy of elk cows for at least 3 yr. We concluded that GonaCon (TM) use for population management of elk warrants consideration as part of a strategy to control brucellosis. C1 [Killian, Gary; Rhyan, Jack; Fagerstone, Kathleen; Miller, Lowell] Wildlife Serv, USDA, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Kreeger, Terry J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Wheatland, WY 82201 USA. RP Killian, G (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM garykillian@gmail.com NR 17 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 184 EP 188 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 407VB UT WOS:000263391300018 PM 19204347 ER PT J AU Nol, P Olsen, SC Rhyan, JC AF Nol, Pauline Olsen, Steven C. Rhyan, Jack C. TI Experimental Infection of Richardson's Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii) with Attenuated and Virulent Strains of Brucella abortus SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Brucella abortus; brucellosis; nontarget; Richardson's ground squirrel; Spermophilus richardsonii; strain 19; strain RB51; wildlife vaccination ID RB51 VACCINE; BISON; SAFETY; RESPONSES; MICE; BRUCELLA-ABORTUS-19; EFFICACY; RODENTS; IMMUNE; ELK AB A previous investigation of the safety of Brucella abortus strain RB51 (sRB51) in various nontarget species suggested that Richardson's ground squirrels (Spermophilus richardsonii) way develop persistent infections when orally inoculated with the vaccine. In the present study, sRB51, B. abortus strain 19 (s19), and virulent B. abortus strain 9941, (s9941) were administered orally to Richardson's ground squirrels to further characterize B. abortus infection ill this species. Six groups of nongravid ground squirrels were orally inoculated with 6X10(8) colony forming units (cfu) sRB51 (n = 1.0), 2.5 X 10(4) efu s19 (n = 10), 2.5X10(7) cfu s19 (n=6), L3X106 cfu s9941. (n=5), 2.1 X10(8) cfu s9941 (n=5), or vaccine diluent (control; n=4). One of five animals in the lower-dose s19 group and two of three animals in the higher-close s19 group showed persistence of bacteria ill various tissues at 14 wk postinoculation (PT), At 18 wk PT, one of five animals in the sRB51 group and one of five animals in the high-dose s9941 group were. culture positive. Although we did detect some persistence of B. abortus strains at 18 wk, we found no evidence of pathology caused by B. abortus strains ill nonpregnant Richardson's ground squirrels based on clinical signs, gross lesions, and microscopic lesions. C1 [Nol, Pauline; Rhyan, Jack C.] US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Olsen, Steven C.] ARS, USDA, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Nol, P (reprint author), US Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM pauline.nol@aphis.usda.gov NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 189 EP 195 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 407VB UT WOS:000263391300019 PM 19204348 ER PT J AU Shwiff, SA Sterner, RT Hale, R Jay, MT Sun, B Slate, D AF Shwiff, Stephanie A. Sterner, Ray T. Hale, Robert Jay, Michele T. Sun, Ben Slate, Dennis TI Benefit Cost Scenarios of Potential Oral Rabies Vaccination for Skunks in California SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Benefit-cost analysis; California; economics; oral vaccination; rabies; skunks ID RACCOON RABIES; UNITED-STATES; FOXES; COYOTES AB Scenario-based analyses were computed for benefits and costs linked with hypothetical oral rabies vaccination (ORV) campaigns to contain or eliminate skunk-variant rabies in skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in California, USA. Scenario 1 assumed baiting eight zones (43,388 km(2) total) that comprised 7:3% of known skunk rabies locations in the state. Scenario 2 also assumed baiting these eight zones, but further assumed that added benefits would result from preventing the spread of skunk-variant rabies into Los Angeles County, USA. Scenarios assumed a fixed bait cost ($1.24 each) but varied campaigns (one, two and three annual ORV applications), densities of baits (37.5/km(2), 75/km(2) and 150/km(2)), levels of prevention (50%, 75%, and 100%), and contingency expenditures if rabies recurred (20%, 40%, and 60% of campaign costs). Prorating potential annual benefits during a 12-yr time horizon yielded benefit-cost ratios (BCRs) between 0.16 and 2.91 and between 0.34 and 6.35 for Scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. Economic issues relevat to potentially managing skunk-variant rabies with ORV are discussed. C1 [Shwiff, Stephanie A.; Sterner, Ray T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Hale, Robert] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Jay, Michele T.; Sun, Ben] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Vet Publ Hlth Sect, Sacramento, CA 94234 USA. [Slate, Dennis] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Concord, NH 03301 USA. RP Shwiff, SA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Stephanie.A.Shwiff@aphis.usda.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 227 EP 233 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 407VB UT WOS:000263391300026 PM 19204355 ER PT J AU Blackwell, BF Seamans, TW AF Blackwell, Bradley F. Seamans, Thomas W. TI Enhancing the Perceived Threat of Vehicle Approach to Deer SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE deer-vehicle collisions; deer vision; flight-initiation distance; Odocoileus virginianus; vehicle-based lighting; white-tailed deer ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; PREDATION RISK; MULE DEER; AVOIDANCE; FLIGHT; PENNSYLVANIA; COLLISIONS; LOCATIONS AB In North America and Europe, deer (Cervidae)-vehicle collisions (DVCs) are common and result not only in injury and death to the animals involved, but also human injury and property damage. Given that most DVCs occur during crepuscular periods, we questioned whether the perceived threat to deer posed by vehicle approach could be enhanced. We hypothesized that a vehicle-based lighting system that better complements peak visual capabilities of deer at night relative to standard tungsten-halogen (TH) lighting alone would elicit a greater flight-initiation distance (FID) by free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Our lighting system comprised 2 TH lamps and one Xenarc high-intensity discharge ( HID) lamp. We defined an a priori logistic model comprising 4 variables potentially explaining deer FID relative to vehicle approach: 1) starting distance of the approach, 2) lighting treatment, 3) season, and 4) deer group size. Deer exposed to the combination of TH lamps and constant illumination of the HID lamp exhibited a mean (SD) FID of 136 ( 127) m. In contrast, deer exposed to TH lamps only initiated flight on average at 116 ( 127) m, and those exposed to the combination of TH lamps and the HID lamp pulsed at 2 Hz exhibited a mean FID of 89 ( 98) m. We contend that the pulsing of the HID lamp while TH lamps were illuminated resulted in consistent loss ( over approx. 0.5-sec intervals) of a portion of the image on approach, possibly interfering with sensory information relative to the position of the potential threat. In contrast, the combination of TH lamps and constant illumination of the HID lamp contributed ( P = 0.033) to the probability of a FID >= 94 m. We suggest, therefore, that deer FID can be increased by combining currently available TH and HID lamps, or use of HID lamps alone, to enhance detection of an approaching vehicle at night. Also, we encourage research into new lamp designs to better complement deer visual capabilities as well as continued research to quantify deer FID in response to vehicle approach at night and lamp-specific properties that can enhance deer detection of the vehicle. ( JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT 73( 1): 128-135; 2009) C1 [Blackwell, Bradley F.; Seamans, Thomas W.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Blackwell, BF (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Ohio Field Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM bradley.f.blackwell@aphis.usda.gov FU NWRC and Precise Flight, Inc., Bend, Oregon, USA FX Our work was supported by the NWRC and Precise Flight, Inc., Bend, Oregon, USA. R. Speers, Bowling Green State University ( retired), provided technical guidance relative to our lamp metrics. E. Poggiali provided logistical support. We greatly appreciate reviews of earlier drafts of this manuscript by J. Armstrong, R. Beason, J. Belant, E. Fernandez-Juricic, T. DeVault, and L. Yako. NR 38 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 23 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 USA SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 128 EP 135 DI 10.2193/2008-014 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA 392JU UT WOS:000262299800016 ER PT J AU Romero, S Campbell, JF Nechols, JR With, KA AF Romero, Susan Campbell, James F. Nechols, James R. With, Kimberly A. TI Movement behavior in response to landscape structure: the role of functional grain SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Search strategy; Grain size; Perceptive resolution; Space use; Red flour beetle; Tribolium castaneum ID FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPES; POPULATION CONSEQUENCES; DISPERSAL BEHAVIOR; FRACTAL LANDSCAPES; ANIMAL MOVEMENTS; PATCH STRUCTURE; HABITAT; CONNECTIVITY; HETEROGENEITY; ECOLOGY AB Landscape structure can influence the fine-scale movement behavior of dispersing animals, which ultimately may influence ecological patterns and processes at broader scales. Functional grain refers to the finest scale at which an organism responds to spatial heterogeneity among patches and extends to the limits of its perceptual range. To determine the functional grain of a model insect, red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum), we examined its movement behavior in response to experimental flour landscapes. Landscape structure was varied by manipulating habitat abundance (0%, 10%, 30%, and 100%) and grain size of patches (fine-2 x 2 cm, intermediate-5 x 5 cm, and coarse-10 x 10 cm) in 50 x 50 cm landscapes. Pathway metrics indicated that beetles used a similar proportion of all landscape types. Several pathway metrics indicated a graded response from the fine to the coarse grain landscape. Lacunarity analysis of beetle pathways indicated a non-linear change in space use between the fine and intermediate landscapes and the coarse-grained landscape. Beetles moved more slowly and tortuously (with many turns), and remained longer in both the overall landscape and individual patches, in fine-grained compared to coarse-grained landscapes. Our research demonstrates how detailed examination of movement pathways and measures of lacunarity can be useful in determining functional grain. Spatially explicit, organism-centered studies focusing on behavioral responses to different habitat configurations can serve as an important first step to identify behavioral rules of movement that may ultimately lead to more accurate predictions of space use in landscapes. C1 [Romero, Susan; Nechols, James R.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Campbell, James F.] USDA ARS Grain Mkt, Prod & Res Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA. [With, Kimberly A.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Romero, S (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Agr Sci Ctr N S225, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM susan.romero@uky.edu RI With, Kimberly/J-5124-2014; Campbell, James/J-9901-2012 OI With, Kimberly/0000-0001-5570-1515; FU USDA/CSREES (RAMP) [2005-51101-02358] FX We thank David Margolies, J. P. Michaud, andMichael Toews for reviewing earlier drafts of this manuscript. We also thank Michel Baguette and an anonymous reviewer for their suggestions to improve this manuscript. This work was funded in part by USDA/CSREES (RAMP) under Agreement No. 2005-51101-02358. Mention of trade names or commercial products in this publication is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U. S. Department of Agriculture or Kansas State University. This is Contribution No. 08-275-J of the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA. NR 44 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 34 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 39 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s10980-008-9278-8 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA 395EI UT WOS:000262506000004 ER PT B AU Cannon, SH DeGraff, J AF Cannon, Susan H. DeGraff, Jerry BE Sassa, K Canuti, P TI The Increasing Wildfire and Post-Fire Debris-Flow Threat in Western USA, and Implications for Consequences of Climate Change SO LANDSLIDES - DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Landslide Forum CY NOV 18-21, 2008 CL United Nat Univ, Tokyo, JAPAN HO United Nat Univ DE Debris flow; Hazards; Risk; Climate change; Western USA; Southern California; Intermountain west USA ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; UNITED-STATES; FIRE REGIMES; BURNED AREAS; COLORADO; EROSION; FORESTS AB In southern California and the intermountain west of the USA, debris flows generated from recently-burned basins pose significant hazards. Increases in the frequency and size of wildfires throughout the western USA can be attributed to increases in the number of Fire ignitions, fire suppression practices, and climatic influences. Increased urbanization throughout the western USA, combined with the increased wildfire magnitude and frequency, carries with it the increased threat of subsequent debris-flow occurrence. Differences between rainfall thresholds and empirical debris-flow susceptibility models for southern California and the intermountain west indicate a strong influence of climatic and geologic settings on post-fire debris-flow potential. The linkages between wildfires, debris-flow occurrence, and global warming suggests that the experiences in the western United States are highly likely to be duplicated in many other parts of the world, and necessitate hazard assessment tools that are specific to local climates and physiographies. C1 [Cannon, Susan H.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046,DFC,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [DeGraff, Jerry] USDA Forest Service, Sierra Natl Forest, Clovis, CA 93611 USA. RP Cannon, SH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046,DFC,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM cannon@usgs.gov; jdegraff@fs.fed.us NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-540-69966-8 PY 2009 BP 177 EP + DI 10.1007/978-3-540-69970-5_9 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Environmental Sciences; Geology SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA BIT94 UT WOS:000262710300010 ER PT B AU DeGraff, JV Ochiai, H AF DeGraff, Jerome V. Ochiai, Hirotaka BE Sassa, K Canuti, P TI Rainfall, Debris Flows and Wildfires SO LANDSLIDES - DISASTER RISK REDUCTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st World Landslide Forum CY NOV 18-21, 2008 CL United Nat Univ, Tokyo, JAPAN HO United Nat Univ DE Rainfall-induced debris flows; Intensity-duration thresholds; Flume studies; Risk reduction; Debris flow mobilization; Wildfires; Rainforests ID SHALLOW LANDSLIDES; DURATION CONTROL; INTENSITY AB While rainfall is not the only triggering mechanism for debris flows, it is a significant one over a large part of the world. A better understanding of storm characteristics that commonly result in debris flows can improve preparedness and warning systems. Current research indicates that identifying regional variability in triggering storms events would advance risk reduction. Models that permit macro-scale analysis of debris flow initiation and mobilization enable researchers to better define the more vulnerable areas for future debris flow Occurrence and the relative effectiveness of countermeasures. Similarly, a better understanding of debris flow occurrence within the broader continuum of erosion processes makes it possible to both understand their initiation and their impact on the fluvial environment. Large-scale human alteration of vegetation for forestry, agriculture or wildfire influences the probability that subsequent rainfall will induce debris flows. Understanding the interaction of vegetation, earth materials and rainfall provides a means for how these anthropogenic actions are influencing existing levels of debris flow hazard. C1 [DeGraff, Jerome V.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Natl Forest, Clovis, CA USA. [Ochiai, Hirotaka] Foresty & Forest Product Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. RP DeGraff, JV (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Sierra Natl Forest, Clovis, CA USA. EM jdegraff@fs.fed.us NR 45 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-3-540-69966-8 PY 2009 BP 451 EP + DI 10.1007/978-3-540-69970-5_24 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Environmental Sciences; Geology SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA BIT94 UT WOS:000262710300025 ER PT J AU Champ, JG Williams, DR Knotek, K AF Champ, Joseph G. Williams, Daniel R. Knotek, Katie TI Wildland Fire and Organic Discourse: Negotiating Place and Leisure Identity in a Changing Wildland Urban Interface SO LEISURE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE discourse; humanism; identity; leisure; organicism; place; protectionism; qualitative research; wildland fire; wildland; urban interface (WUI) ID MANAGEMENT; FORESTS; POLICY; SELF AB A lack of research on the conceptual intersection of leisure, place and wildland fire and its role in identity prompted this exploratory study. The purpose of this research was to gather evidence regarding how people negotiate identities under the threat of wildland fire. Qualitative interviews with 16 homeowners and recreationists who value leisure activities in undeveloped places in Colorado's Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest were conducted. Results show that wildland fire plays a varied role in the identities of many of the research participants. Three dominant discourses of nature (i.e., humanist, protectionist and organic) helped explain these identity-related reactions to wildland fire. An understanding of the multidimensional aspects of place and leisure identity highlighted in this research could help land managers particularly related to the organic discourse. C1 [Champ, Joseph G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Journalism & Tech Commun, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Williams, Daniel R.] USDA, Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Knotek, Katie] Powell Ranger Stn, Lolo, MT USA. RP Champ, JG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Journalism & Tech Commun, C-258 Clark Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM joseph.champ@colostate.edu RI Williams, Daniel/D-8114-2011 OI Williams, Daniel/0000-0003-2428-0345 NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0400 J9 LEISURE SCI JI Leis. Sci. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 3 BP 237 EP 254 AR PII 910539484 DI 10.1080/01490400902837837 PG 18 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 434WW UT WOS:000265305800002 ER PT J AU Doerner, KC Mason, BP Kridelbaugh, D Loughrin, J AF Doerner, K. C. Mason, B. P. Kridelbaugh, D. Loughrin, J. TI Fe(III) stimulates 3-methylindole and 4-methylphenol production in swine lagoon enrichments and Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775 SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fe(III); iron reduction; malodor; p-cresol; skatole ID ELECTRON-ACCEPTORS; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; REDUCTION; WASTE; BACTERIUM; ODOR AB To determine the effects of anaerobic electron acceptors on 3-methylindole (3-MI) and 4-methylphenol (4-MP) production in swine lagoon enrichments and Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775. Swine lagoon sediment was incubated anaerobically in tryptone-yeast extract medium with (10 mmol l(-1)) Na(2)SO(4), KNO(3), dimethyl sulfoxide or Fe(III). With Fe(III), 3-MI and 4-MP levels increased significantly to 138 +/- 15.8 and 187 +/- 14.0 mu mol l(-1), respectively. Clostridium scatologenes cultured in brain-heart infusion medium amended with (10 mmol l(-1)) Na(2)SO(4), KNO(3), MnO(2) or Fe(III), resulted in only Fe(III) significantly increasing 3-MI (1308 mu mol l(-1)) and 4-MP (367 mu mol l(-1)) levels. In semi-defined medium, Fe(III) alone and Fe(III) + l-tryptophan (1 mmol l(-1)) resulted in a 1.85-fold and 15.6-fold increase in 3-MI levels over l-tryptophan alone, respectively. Fe(III) alone and Fe(III) + l-tyrosine (1 mmol l(-1)) caused a 4.4-fold and 22.9-fold increase in 4-MP levels over tyrosine alone, respectively. Fe(III) did not increase growth of Cl. scatologenes. Fe(III) increases 3-MI and 4-MP in swine lagoon enrichments and Cl. scatologenes broth cultures. Previous studies suggest Fe(III) addition to swine lagoons could remediate malodorous volatile fatty acids; however, here data suggest Fe(III) could increase malodorous indolic and phenolic levels. C1 [Doerner, K. C.; Mason, B. P.; Kridelbaugh, D.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Loughrin, J.] USDA ARS, AWMRU, Bowling Green, KY USA. RP Doerner, KC (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd 11080, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. EM Kinchel.Doerner@wku.edu RI Kridelbaugh, Donna/G-5961-2011 FU USDA; Agriculture Research Service, Mid-South Region SCA [58-6406-1-017]; Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network (KBRIN) NIH; National Center for Research Resources [2 P20 RR-16481]; Western Kentucky University; Ogden College of Science and Engineering; Department of Biology, College of Graduate Studies; WKU Biotechnology Center FX The authors are grateful for the support of the USDA, Agriculture Research Service, Mid-South Region SCA 58-6406-1-017 and the Kentucky Biomedical Research Infrastructure Network (KBRIN) NIH Grant Number 2 P20 RR-16481 from the National Center for Research Resources. The authors also recognize support from Western Kentucky University, Ogden College of Science and Engineering, Department of Biology, College of Graduate Studies, the WKU Applied Research and Technology Program and the WKU Biotechnology Center. The authors also thank to Kimberly Cook for critical reading of the manuscript. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP 118 EP 124 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02500.x PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 392DV UT WOS:000262284000019 PM 19055633 ER PT J AU Doerner, KC Cook, KL Mason, BP AF Doerner, K. C. Cook, K. L. Mason, B. P. TI 3-Methylindole production is regulated in Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775 SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE animal waste; emissions; malodour; skatole; tryptophan ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; INDOLEACETIC-ACID; PULMONARY-EDEMA; STRAIN SL1; SKATOLE; RUMEN; CATTLE; GAS; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION AB 3-Methylindole (3-MI) is a degradation product of l-tryptophan and is both an animal waste malodorant and threat to ruminant health. Culture conditions influencing 3-MI production in Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775 were investigated. Extracellular 3-MI levels in cells cultured in brain heart infusion (BHI) medium (pH 7.0) at 33 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 72 h were 907 +/- 38 and 834 +/- 121 mu mol l(-1), respectively. Cells cultured in tryptone-yeast (TY) extract medium at 37 degrees C for 48 h produced 104 +/- 86 mu mol l(-1) 3-MI; however, addition of 1 mmol l(-1) l-tryptophan failed to increase extracellular levels (113 +/- 50 mu mol l(-1) 3-MI). Specific activity of indole acetic acid decarboxylase measured in BHI, TY and TY plus 1 mmol l(-1) tryptophan-grown cells displayed 35-, 33- and 76-fold higher levels than in semi-defined medium-grown cells. When cultured in rich medium, at 33 degrees C or 37 degrees C and pH 7.0, Cl. scatologenes ATCC 25775 optimally produced 3-MI. Addition of l-tryptophan to medium did not lead to significant increases in extracellular 3-MI levels. Whole cell assays indicate growth in rich medium significantly up-regulated 3-MI production. Information presented here may prove useful in understanding what factors influence 3-MI production in malodorous animal wastes. C1 [Doerner, K. C.; Mason, B. P.] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. [Cook, K. L.] USDA ARS, AWMRU, Bowling Green, KY USA. RP Doerner, KC (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Biol, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd 11080, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA. EM Kinchel.Doerner@wku.edu FU USDA-ARS, Mid-South Region SCA [58-6406-1-017]; KBRIN-NIH [2 P20 RR-16481] FX The authors would like to thank John Loughrin's Lab USDA-AWMRU for GC/MS analysis, Ralph Tanner for the Cl. carboxidivorans samples and Donna Kridelbaugh for critical reading of the manuscript. They also acknowledge USDA-ARS, Mid-South Region SCA 58-6406-1-017 and the KBRIN-NIH Grant Number 2 P20 RR-16481. They would also like to extend their thanks to Western Kentucky University, College of Science and Engineering, Biology Department, Graduate Studies, WKU-ARTP and the WKU Biotechnology Center. NR 29 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 48 IS 1 BP 125 EP 132 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02502.x PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 392DV UT WOS:000262284000020 PM 19055631 ER PT J AU Lee, S Inglett, GE Palmquist, D Warner, K AF Lee, Suyong Inglett, George E. Palmquist, Debra Warner, Kathleen TI Flavor and texture attributes of foods containing beta-glucan-rich hydrocolloids from oats SO LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oat; beta-Glucan; Hydrocolloids; Cookies; Sensory evaluation ID RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES; SUGAR REPLACEMENT; COOKIES; QUALITY; FAT; BRAN; BREAD AB Sugar cookies and peanut spreads were prepared with beta-glucan-rich hydrocolloids from oats (Nutrim-OB (10 g beta-glucan/100 g) and C-Trim20 (20 g beta-glucan/100 g)). Products were evaluated for flavor and texture by a descriptive sensory panel. In cookies containing 10-30% Nutrim-OB, the cereal/grain flavor intensity was only significantly different than the control at the 30% level of flour replacement. Cohesiveness and moistness of the cookies increased with increasing amounts of Nutrim-OB, but no significant differences from the control were noted until 20% replacement. In cookies containing 10-30% C-Trim20, cereal/grain flavor intensity increased with increasing amounts of the hydrocolloid. Cardboard flavor also increased, but no significant differences were noted from the control until 20% replacement. Cohesiveness, density, and moistness of the cookies increased with increasing amounts of C-Trim20 with no significant differences until 20% replacement. Substituting 5% of the oil in the peanut spreads with Nutrim-OB did not significantly affect flavor of spreads. However, 9% substitution significantly decreased oily flavor and hardness increased. The use of 5-13% C-Trim20 as a replacement for oil in the spreads produced significantly more gumminess and hardness than the control. Favor of the spreads was not affected by the substitution of up to 9% C-Trim20. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Swiss Society of Food Science and Technology. C1 [Inglett, George E.; Palmquist, Debra; Warner, Kathleen] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lee, Suyong] Sejong Univ, Carbohydrate Bioprod Res Ctr, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Seoul 143747, South Korea. RP Warner, K (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM kathleen.warner@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0023-6438 J9 LWT-FOOD SCI TECHNOL JI LWT-Food Sci. Technol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 42 IS 1 BP 350 EP 357 DI 10.1016/j.lwt.2008.04.004 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 366ZU UT WOS:000260523100055 ER PT J AU Wu, QL Lee, JN Cai, ZY Zhou, DG AF Wu, Qinglin Lee, Jong N. Cai, Zhiyong Zhou, Dingguo TI CREEP BEHAVIOR OF BORATE-TREATED STRANDBOARD: EFFECT OF ZINC BORATE RETENTION, WOOD SPECIES, AND LOAD LEVEL SO MADERAS-CIENCIA Y TECNOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Rheological behavior; creep; chemical treatment; OSB; zinc borate ID LUMBER AB Creep performance of zinc borate-treated strandboard from southern pine (Pinus taeda L) and red oak (Quercus falcata) was investigated at 25 degrees C temperature and 65% relative humidity. It was shown that the borate treatment had some significant effect on creep deflection of the test panels, and the effect varied with wood species. There was no significant effect of creep loading on residual bending properties of treated strandboard under the stress levels used. The four element spring-dashpot creep model fitted the creep data well. The predicted creep deflection for a 10-year loading duration under both 15% and 40% stress levels met the National Design Specification for Wood Construction despite of the noticeable borate treatment effect on creep. Future work is needed to study the creep behavior under combined mechanical and moisture loadings for treated structural panels. C1 [Wu, Qinglin; Lee, Jong N.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Cai, Zhiyong] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, US Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Zhou, Dingguo] Nanjing Forestry Univ, Coll Wood Sci & Technol, Nanjing 210037, Peoples R China. RP Wu, QL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM qwu@agcenter.lsu.edu NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV BIO-BIO PI CONCEPCION PA WOOD ENGINEERING DEPT, AVENIDA COLLAO 1202, CASILLA 5-C, CONCEPCION, 00000, CHILE SN 0718-221X J9 MADERAS-CIENC TECNOL JI Maderas-Cienc. Tecnol. PY 2009 VL 11 IS 1 BP 19 EP 32 DI 10.4067/S0718-221X2009000100002 PG 14 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA 459II UT WOS:000267094800002 ER PT S AU Rathburn, SL Merritt, DM Wohl, EE Sanderson, JS Knight, HAL AF Rathburn, Sara L. Merritt, David M. Wohl, Ellen E. Sanderson, John S. Knight, Heather A. L. BE James, LA Rathburn, SL Whittecar, GR TI Characterizing environmental flows for maintenance of river ecosystems: North Fork Cache la Poudre River, Colorado SO MANAGEMENT AND RESTORATION OF FLUVIAL SYSTEMS WITH BROAD HISTORICAL CHANGES AND HUMAN IMPACTS SE Geological Society of America Special Papers LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Geological-Society-of-America CY OCT 28-31, 2007 CL Denver, CO SP Geol Soc Amer ID RESERVOIR SEDIMENT RELEASE; MOUNTAIN CHANNEL; RECOVERY; VALLEY AB Streamflow on the North Fork Cache La Poudre River, a tributary of the South Platte River in north-central Colorado, has been modified by impoundments for a century. A proposed expansion of the largest reservoir on the North Fork, Halligan Reservoir, presents an opportunity to modify dam operation to achieve environmental flows that sustain the river ecosystem while augmenting municipal water supplies. Over the past century, decreases in flood-related disturbances have resulted in reduced bed scouring through sediment transport and significant shifts in community composition and population structure of the dominant woody species present along the North Fork. We propose a four-step method to characterize environmental flows that maintain sediment mobility and riparian vegetation composition and structure. Our environmental flow standards explicitly address the fundamental role of sediment in creating and maintaining riparian habitat. Environmental flows to transport bedload are lower magnitude, higher frequency events (2 yr recurrence interval) that serve many in-channel functions, whereas environmental flows directed at riparian vegetation respond over longer time scales to high magnitude, lower frequency events (10 yr and 25 yr floods). Field evidence suggests the need for a 10 yr flood to saturate overbank areas and exclude xeric species near the channel. Managed 25 yr floods serve as a target flow for generating canopy gaps, creating regenerative habitat, enhancing biogeochemical processes, maintaining habitat heterogeneity, and possibly disrupting the coarse bed-surface layer and scouring pools to maintain fish overwinter habitat within the North Fork. Where field evidence is lacking, selection of target flows can be guided by daily discharge exceedence values. C1 [Rathburn, Sara L.; Wohl, Ellen E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Merritt, David M.] US Forest Serv, NRRC, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Sanderson, John S.; Knight, Heather A. L.] Nature Conservancy, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Rathburn, SL (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM rathburn@cnr.colostate.edu FU S. Rathburn and Telesto Solutions, Inc., from North Poudre Irrigation Company; The Nature Conservancy; U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-9725384]; North Poudre Irrigation Company FX We are grateful for the thorough, insightful reviews by Greg Pasternack and an anonymous reviewer. Funding for this research was provided by two grants to S. Rathburn and Telesto Solutions, Inc., from North Poudre Irrigation Company; by support from The Nature Conservancy to D. Merritt through Rodney Johnson and Katherine Ordway Grants; and through U.S. National Science Foundation grant EAR-9725384 to E. Wohl and D. Merritt. We thank Steve Smith of North Poudre Irrigation Company for his financial and logistical support, Jim Finley and Kurt Stauder for field support, especially during high flows, and Ben Whitman and Kevin Pilgrim for summer fi eld assistance, and Stacy Tyler for assistance with Figure 1. NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 35 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER INC PI BOULDER PA 3300 PENROSE PL, PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301 USA SN 0072-1077 BN 978-0-8137-2451-5 J9 GEOL SOC AM SPEC PAP PY 2009 VL 451 BP 143 EP 157 DI 10.1130/2009.2451(10) PG 15 WC Geology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BMN95 UT WOS:000273004100011 ER PT J AU Ayrilmis, N Winandy, JE AF Ayrilmis, Nadir Winandy, Jerrold E. TI Effects of Post Heat-Treatment on Surface Characteristics and Adhesive Bonding Performance of Medium Density Fiberboard SO MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES LA English DT Article DE Bonding strength; Contact angle; Delamination; Heat treatment; Mechanical properties; Medium density fiberboard; Physical properties; Post heat-treatment; Surface characteristics; Surface roughness; Surface wettability; Thermal modification; Thermal treatment; Wood; Wood composite ID ORIENTED-STRANDBOARD; THERMAL-TREATMENT; WOOD WETTABILITY; TREATED WOOD; ROUGHNESS; DURABILITY; STRENGTH; VENEER; PANELS AB A series of commercially manufactured medium density fiberboard (MDF) panels were exposed to a post-manufacture heat-treatment at various temperatures and durations using a hot press and just enough pressure to ensure firm contact between the panel and the press platens. Post-manufacture heat-treatment improved surface roughness of the exterior MDF panels. Panels treated at 225C for 30min had the smoothest surface while the roughest surface was found for the control panels. Wettability and the adhesive bonding strength between veneer sheet and panel surface were decreased as post-treatment press temperature increased. A significant relationship (R2=0.92) existed between contact angles and adhesive bond strength. C1 [Ayrilmis, Nadir] Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Wood Mech & Technol, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. [Winandy, Jerrold E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Ayrilmis, N (reprint author), Istanbul Univ, Fac Forestry, Dept Wood Mech & Technol, TR-34473 Istanbul, Turkey. EM nadiray@istanbul.edu.tr RI Ayrilmis, Nadir/F-1573-2015 FU Istanbul University [UDP-2455] FX This work was supported by Research Fund of the Istanbul University. Project number: UDP-2455. The authors wish to acknowledge Research Fund of the Istanbul University for financial support. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1042-6914 J9 MATER MANUF PROCESS JI Mater. Manuf. Process. PY 2009 VL 24 IS 5 BP 594 EP 599 AR PII 909446701 DI 10.1080/10426910902748032 PG 6 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 417XX UT WOS:000264112900015 ER PT J AU Wang, K Frame, B Xu, X Moeller, L Lamkey, K Wise, R AF Wang, K. Frame, B. Xu, X. Moeller, L. Lamkey, K. Wise, R. TI STRATEGIES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF MAIZE-DERIVED PHARMACEUTICALS USING CYTOPLASMIC MALE STERILE LINES: IN VITRO TISSUE CULTURE/TRANSFORMATION AND FIELD BREEDING APPROACHES SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 21st Conference on Maize and Sorghum Breeding in the Genomics Era CY JUN 21-24, 2009 CL Bergamo, ITALY SP Minist Politiche Agricole, Alimentari Forestali, Consiglio Ricerc Sperimentazone Agricoltura, Reg Lombardia, Provinc Bergamo, Comune Bergamo, Camera Commerc, Industria, Artigianato Agricoltura, Univ Degli Studi Bergamo, EUCARPIA DE Genetic transformation; Male-sterile; Plantmade pharmaceuticals; Zea mays ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; TRANSGENIC MAIZE; COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION; PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; LT-B; PLANTS; EXPRESSION; ESTABLISHMENT; RESTORATION; FERTILITY AB Plant-made pharmaceuticals (PMPs) offer promise as efficient and cost-effective products for the treatment Of human and animal diseases. An advantage of producing pharmaceuticals in maize is the large storage capacity and stability for proteins and starch in seed, allowing for manufacturing recombinant proteins Such as antigens and antibodies. Other advantages of the maize system include safety, high yields, and scalability of production and processing. However, the benefits of this technology Must be balanced against potential health and environmental risks that may be associated with its use. Because PMPs presently have no provision for regulatory tolerance, their inadvertent occurrence in foods and feeds remains an important economic consideration, even when the health and environmental risks are low. Pollen drift is considered. Source of potential contamination of maize-made pharmaceuticals in the food chain. In addition to physical and temporal isolation requirements, open field pharmaceutical maize production also calls for controlled pollen release. Here, we describe two strategies to address the issue of transgenic pollen drift. First, we describe the development and genetic transformation of a tissue culture-amenable male-sterile line using biolistic- or Agrobacterium-mediated transformation methods. Secondly, we describe the introgression of a transgene from male-fertile transgenic maize to male-sterile germplasm by conventional breeding. After six seasons of breeding, this second strategy allows us to obtain 100% transgenic seeds from an open-field production using a non-transgenic line as the pollinator. C1 [Wang, K.; Frame, B.; Xu, X.; Moeller, L.; Lamkey, K.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wang, K.; Frame, B.] Iowa State Univ, Inst Plant Sci, Ctr Plant Transformat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Xu, X.; Moeller, L.] Iowa State Univ, Interdept Plant Biol Major, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, R.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wang, K (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM kanwang@iastate.edu RI Lamkey, Kendall/D-7631-2013 OI Lamkey, Kendall/0000-0001-8510-8798 NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2009 VL 54 IS 2-3 BP 199 EP 210 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 549MG UT WOS:000274052700005 ER PT J AU Flint-Garcia, SA Guill, KE Sanchez-Villeda, H Schroeder, SG McMullen, MD AF Flint-Garcia, S. A. Guill, K. E. Sanchez-Villeda, H. Schroeder, S. G. McMullen, M. D. TI MAIZE AMINO ACID PATHWAYS MAINTAIN HIGH LEVELS OF GENETIC DIVERSITY SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE Artificial selection; Domestication; Kernel composition; Teosinte ID MAYS SSP PARVIGLUMIS; ARTIFICIAL SELECTION; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; DNA POLYMORPHISM; CROP IMPROVEMENT; DOMESTICATION; EVOLUTION; PROTEIN; GENOME; LOCI AB The methods commonly used to determine the genetic bases of agronomic traits rely on genetic variation to detect marker-phenotype associations. If variation at key loci is reduced due to selection during domestication, the analyses may fail to identify these genes as important loci in controlling trait expression. It is of practical importance to determine the level of genetic diversity for key genes controlling agronomic traits. Results from recent large scale selection screens in maize have revealed that a number of genes involved in amino acid synthesis exhibit signs of selection. Here we asked whether other genes in amino acid pathways were targets of selection, and to what extent amino acid metabolism has experienced artificial selection. We surveyed amino acid pathways by sequencing 15 candidate genes involved in amino acid metabolism maize inbreds and teosinte, and conducted tests of selection. We demonstrated that five of 15 additional genes involved in amino acid metabolism exhibit weak evidence for selection. Amino acid synthesis pathways, as a whole, do not show evidence of greatly reduced genetic diversity. Our results suggest that adequate genetic diversity remains for improvement of maize nutritional quality, and that limited genetic diversity may be impacting only a few specific amino acids. C1 [Flint-Garcia, S. A.; Guill, K. E.; McMullen, M. D.] ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Flint-Garcia, S. A.; Sanchez-Villeda, H.; Schroeder, S. G.; McMullen, M. D.] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Flint-Garcia, SA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Plant Genet Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM Sherry.Flint-Garcia@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [DBI0321467]; USDA-ARS; USDA FX We would like to express our appreciation to Major Goodman and John Doebley for providing seed of the landrace and teosinte accessions, respectively; Joan Zhao for her insight into coalescent simulations; Christie Hovis for her assistance in candidate gene sequencing and selection analysis; and Brandon Gaut for his constructive comments and bioinformatic validation of gene expression. This research was supported by a National Science Foundation Plant Genome Award DBI0321467, by research funds provided by USDA-ARS, and by a USDA Edminster Postdoctoral Fellowship. NR 50 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2009 VL 54 IS 4 BP 375 EP 386 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 587TF UT WOS:000277015100003 ER PT J AU Scott, MP Peterson, JM Hallauer, AR AF Scott, M. P. Peterson, J. M. Hallauer, A. R. TI EVALUATION OF COMBINING ABILITY OF QUALITY PROTEIN MAIZE DERIVED FROM US PUBLIC INBRED LINES SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE Opaque2; Nutritional quality; Combining ability; Hybrid ID LYSINE BIOSYNTHESIS; METHIONINE; GERMPLASM; ENDOSPERM; CORN AB Quality Protein Maize (QPM) has improved nutritional quality due to the opaque2 mutation as well as hard endosperm conferred by uncharacterized modifier genes. We have developed a series of QPM inbred lines based on crosses between public U.S. Corn Belt-adapted lines with QPM lines developed at the International Wheat and Maize Improvement Center (CIMMYT). The resulting inbred lines exhibit characteristics of other QPM germplasm including translucent endosperm and elevated concentration of the essential amino acids lysine and tryptophan. We characterized the genetic mechanisms controlling yield of hybrids made from the QPM inbreds. For machine harvestable grain yield, specific combining ability was significant, while general combining ability was significant only for the inbreds designated as males in the study, suggesting both additive and non-additive genetic effects were important for determining yield of these temperate QPM hybrids. Hybrids produced from different QPM donor lines on average had higher yields than hybrids produced in from the same donor lines, suggesting the combining ability of the QPM donor may contribute to the performance of these hybrids. C1 [Scott, M. P.] ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Peterson, J. M.] BASF Plant Sci LLC, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Hallauer, A. R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Scott, MP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM paul.scott@ars.usda.gov RI Scott, M./E-3291-2010 NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2009 VL 54 IS 4 BP 449 EP 456 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 587TF UT WOS:000277015100010 ER PT J AU Michalak, MK Ghavami, F Lazo, GR Gu, YQ Kianian, SF AF Michalak, M. K. Ghavami, F. Lazo, G. R. Gu, Y. Q. Kianian, S. F. TI EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIP OF NUCLEAR GENES ENCODING MITOCHONDRIAL PROTEINS ACROSS FOUR GRASS SPECIES AND ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA SO MAYDICA LA English DT Article DE Mitochondria-related genes; Colinearity; Radiation hybrid mapping ID BRACHYPODIUM-DISTACHYON; WHEAT; GENOME; RICE; MODEL; DNA; TRANSFORMATION; POACEAE; MAP AB Comparative genomics studies across taxa provide basic understanding of genome evolution. This study focused on nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins across Arabidopsis and several grass species. Two different mitochondria-related gene sets, one rice-derived and another Arabidopsis-derived, were used in our analysis. Eleven of the rice-derived genes, from a 6.85 Mb region of chromosome 10, were physically mapped using radiation hybrid (RH) approach on chromosome 1D of wheat. Based on the comparative analysis of these 11 genes, genomes of wheat and maize shared more comparable pattern of conservation than wheat and rice. Additionally, rice, revealed to have perfectly conserved colinearity with Brachypodium, whereas, wheat and Brachypodium showed less preserved synteny. This was surprising since previous studies have estimated that Brachypodium was evolutionarily closer to wheat than rice when comparing their divergence times. Some rearrangements in studied regions of wheat and maize genomes may indicate a relaxation of evolutionary pressure on gene order in polyploid as compared with diploid species. Additionally, our cluster analysis on chromosome 10 of rice identified two mitochondria-related gene clusters, one containing seven and another one two genes. Analysis of Arabidopsis-derived set of 473 genes showed 14 to 16% conservation in rice, maize, Brachypodium, and wheat. Forty five genes showed to be conserved in representatives of monocots as well as in Arabidopsis which underlies the significance of their conservation for survival of plant mitochondria. Moreover, observed clustering of the mitochondria-related nuclear genes on chromosome 10 of rice indicates that the gene clustering might be one of the ways to preserve crucial genes from major rearrangements or recombination events that could compromise their function. C1 [Michalak, M. K.; Ghavami, F.; Kianian, S. F.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Lazo, G. R.; Gu, Y. Q.] ARS, Genom & Gene Discovery Res Unit, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Kianian, SF (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM s.kianian@ndsu.edu RI Lazo, Gerard/A-8900-2009 OI Lazo, Gerard/0000-0002-9160-2052 FU National Science Foundation [DBI-0822100] FX We thank Justin Hegstad and Allen Peckrul for expert technical assistance. We also like to thank the entire Wheat Germplasm Enhancement Project team for their thoughtful comments and suggestions throughout this project. This publication is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation grant DBI-0822100. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MAYDICA-IST SPER CEREALICOLTUR PI BERGAMO PA SEZ DI BERGAMO VIA STEZZANO, 24, 24100 BERGAMO, ITALY SN 0025-6153 J9 MAYDICA JI Maydica PY 2009 VL 54 IS 4 BP 471 EP 483 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 587TF UT WOS:000277015100013 ER PT J AU Brockus, CW Myers, RK Crandell, JM Sutton, DA Wickes, BL Nakasone, KK AF Brockus, C. W. Myers, R. K. Crandell, J. M. Sutton, D. A. Wickes, B. L. Nakasone, K. K. TI Disseminated Oxyporus corticola infection in a German shepherd dog SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Oxysporus corticola; canine; fungal osteomyelitis; disseminated mycosis ID CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; SCHIZOPHYLLUM-COMMUNE; DISSEMINATED ASPERGILLOSIS; IDENTIFICATION; TROPICALIS; DEFLECTUS; MYCOLOGY; PATIENT; FUNGUS; LUNG AB The filamentous basidiomycetous fungus, Oxyporus corticola, has not previously been reported in the human or veterinary medical literature. Identification of this organism as the etiologic agent of fungal osteomyelitis and multiorgan dissemination in a German shepherd dog was confirmed by comparison of ITS and D1/D2 sequences with known isolates. C1 [Brockus, C. W.] Charles River Labs, Preclin Serv, Reno, NV 89511 USA. [Myers, R. K.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Pathol, Ames, IA USA. [Crandell, J. M.] Akron Vet Referral & Emergency Ctr, Akron, OH USA. [Sutton, D. A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Wickes, B. L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Nakasone, K. K.] USDA Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, Madison, WI USA. RP Brockus, CW (reprint author), Charles River Labs Inc, Preclin Serv, 6995 Longley Lane, Reno, NV 89511 USA. EM charles.brockus@crl.com FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command [PR054228] FX B. L. W is supported by grant# PR054228, from the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Office of Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs. The authors thank Elizabeth Thompson for her efforts in working up the isolate for identification and Dora McCarthy for antifungal susceptibility testing. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PY 2009 VL 47 IS 8 BP 862 EP 868 DI 10.3109/13693780902962267 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 535WW UT WOS:000273003600011 PM 19468930 ER PT J AU Bray, MS Hagberg, JM Perusse, L Rankinen, T Roth, SM Wolfarth, B Bouchard, C AF Bray, Molly S. Hagberg, James M. Perusse, Louis Rankinen, Tuomo Roth, Stephen M. Wolfarth, Bernd Bouchard, Claude TI The Human Gene Map for Performance and Health-Related Fitness Phenotypes: The 2006-2007 Update SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Review DE CANDIDATE GENES; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; LINKAGE; GENETIC VARIANTS; MITOCHONDRIAL GENOME; NUCLEAR GENOME; GENETICS ID CONVERTING-ENZYME GENE; VITAMIN-D-RECEPTOR; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN-CHOLESTEROL; CYTOCHROME-B GENE; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; POLYMORPHIC VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA; PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; FAT-FREE MASS; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM AB BRAY, M. S., J. M. HAGBERG, L. PERUSSE, T. PANKINEN, S. M. ROTH, B. WOLFARTH, and C. BOUCHARD. The Human Gene Map for Performance and Health-Related Fitness Phenotypes: The 2006-2007 Update. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 34-72, 2009 This update of the human gene map for physical performance and health-related fitness phenotypes covers the research advances reported in 2006 and 2007. The genes and markers with evidence of association or linkage with a performance or a fitness phenotype in sedentary or active people, in responses to acute exercise, or for training-induced adaptations are positioned oil the map of all autosomes and sex chromosomes. Negative studies are reviewed. but a gene or a locus must be Supported by at least one positive study before being inserted on the map. A brief discussion on the nature of the evidence and on what to look for in assessing human genetic studies of relevance to fitness and performance is offered in the introduction, followed by a review of all studies published in 2006 and 2007. The findings from these new studies are added to the appropriate tables that are designed to serve as the cumulative summary of all publications with positive genetic associations available to date for a given phenotype and study design. The fitness and performance map now includes 214 autosomal gene entries and quantitative trait loci plus seven others oil the X chromosome. Moreover. there are 18 mitochondrial genes that have been shown to influence fitness and performance phenotypes. Thus, the inap is growing in complexity. Although the map is exhaustive for Currently published accounts of genes and exercise associations and linkages, there are undoubtedly many more gene-exercise interaction effects that have not even been considered thus far. Finally, it should be appreciated that most studies reported to date are based oil small sample sizes and cannot therefore provide definitive evidence that DNA sequence variants in a given gene are reliably associated with human variation in fitness and performance traits. C1 [Rankinen, Tuomo; Bouchard, Claude] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Human Genom Lab, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Bray, Molly S.] Baylor Coll Med, USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Hagberg, James M.; Roth, Stephen M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Kinesiol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Perusse, Louis] Univ Laval, Dept Prevent Med, Div Kinesiol, Ste Foy, PQ, Canada. [Wolfarth, Bernd] Tech Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. RP Bouchard, C (reprint author), Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Human Genom Lab, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. EM bouchac@pbrc.edu RI Perusse, Louis/A-3444-2012; Bouchard, Claude/A-7637-2009; OI Roth, Stephen/0000-0002-7841-3695 NR 355 TC 225 Z9 239 U1 8 U2 68 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 34 EP 72 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181844179 PG 39 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 390TU UT WOS:000262187400006 PM 19123262 ER PT J AU Graves, A Weaver, RW Entry, J AF Graves, Alexandria Weaver, R. W. Entry, James TI Characterization of enterococci populations in livestock manure using BIOLOG SO MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE BIOLOG; Enterococcus; Livestock; Manure ID MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FECAL POLLUTION; ANIMALS; CATTLE; IDENTIFICATION; ENVIRONMENT; RESISTANCE; DIVERSITY; PROFILES AB The BIOLOG system was used to generate knowledge of enterococci populations found in fresh and dry manure of livestock (cattle (Bos taurus), horse (Equus caballus), and sheep (Ovis aires)). Six-hundred and forty Enterococcus isolates from the host sources were observed as a combined fresh manure unit and a combined dry manure unit, E. casseliflavus and E. mundtii were predominant in fresh manure (36% and 35%, respectively) as well as in dry manure (51% and 28%, respectively). The other species were found at a frequency of less than 10%. A chi-square test of the two most predominant Enterococcus sp. indicated that there were some significant differences among the frequency of E. casseliflavus and E. mundtii in cattle and sheep, but not horse. Despite these differences, these two species were overwhelmingly predominant among all three livestock sources. (C) 2007 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved. C1 [Graves, Alexandria] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Weaver, R. W.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Entry, James] ARS, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, USDA, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Graves, A (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM alexandria_graves@ncsu.edu NR 27 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 0944-5013 J9 MICROBIOL RES JI Microbiol. Res. PY 2009 VL 164 IS 3 BP 260 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.micres.2006.11.017 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 455IE UT WOS:000266751200003 PM 17408940 ER PT J AU Bhagwat, AA Jun, W Liu, L Kannan, P Dharne, M Pheh, B Tall, BD Kothary, MH Gross, KC Angle, S Meng, JH Smith, A AF Bhagwat, Arvind A. Jun, Won Liu, Liu Kannan, Porteen Dharne, Mahesh Pheh, Benedict Tall, Ben D. Kothary, Mahendra H. Gross, Kenneth C. Angle, Scott Meng, Jianghong Smith, Allen TI Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium are required for optimal virulence in mice SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID MEMBRANE-DERIVED OLIGOSACCHARIDES; COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BRADYRHIZOBIUM-JAPONICUM; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; INTRACELLULAR SURVIVAL; CYCLIC BETA-1,2-GLUCAN; ERWINIA-CHRYSANTHEMI; ACID RESISTANCE; LOCUS AB We purified osmoregulated periplasmic glucans (OPGs) from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and found them to be composed of 100% glucose with 2-linked glucose as the most abundant residue, with terminal glucose, 2,3-linked and 2,6-linked glucose also present in high quantities. The two structural genes for OPG biosynthesis, opgG and opgH, form a bicistronic operon, and insertion of a kanamycin resistance gene cassette into this operon resulted in a strain devoid of OPGs. The opgGH mutant strain was impaired in motility and growth under low osmolarity conditions. The opgGH mutation also resulted in a 2 log increase in the LD(50) in mice compared to the wild-type strain SL1344. Inability to synthesize OPGs had no significant impact on the organism's lipopolysaccharide pattern or its ability to survive antimicrobial peptides-, detergent-, pH- and nutrient-stress conditions. We observed that the opgGH-defective strain respired at a reduced rate under acidic growth conditions (pH 5.0) and had lower ATP levels compared to the wild-type strain. These data indicate that OPGs; of S. Typhimurium contribute towards mouse virulence as well as growth and motility under low osmolarity growth conditions. C1 [Bhagwat, Arvind A.; Jun, Won; Liu, Liu; Kannan, Porteen; Dharne, Mahesh; Pheh, Benedict; Gross, Kenneth C.] USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Smith, Allen] USDA ARS, Diet Genom & Immunol Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, BARC W, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tall, Ben D.; Kothary, Mahendra H.] US FDA, Div Virulence Assessment, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Jun, Won] Univ Maryland, Dept Plant Sci & Landscape Architecture, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Angle, Scott] Univ Maryland, Coll Agr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Meng, Jianghong] Univ Maryland, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Liu, Liu] NW A&F Univ, Yangling, Peoples R China. [Tall, Ben D.] Ngee Ann Polytech, Sch Life Sci & Chem Technol, Singapore 599489, Singapore. RP Bhagwat, AA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, BARC W, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 002, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM arvind.bhagwat@ars.usda.gov RI Dharne, Mahesh/K-3541-2012; OI Tall, Ben/0000-0003-0399-3629; Kannan, Porteen/0000-0002-6925-328X FU China Scholarship Council; Ministry of Education, China; overseas Industrial Attachment Program of the School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore FX We thank Dr Brian Vinyard, Biometric Consulting Section, USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD, USA, for his help in statistical analysis. The study was supported in part by the China Scholarship Council, Ministry of Education, China (L.L.) and the overseas Industrial Attachment Program of the School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore (B. P.). NR 46 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD JAN PY 2009 VL 155 BP 229 EP 237 DI 10.1099/mic.0.023747-0 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 398KG UT WOS:000262730400024 PM 19118363 ER PT J AU Millspaugh, JJ Gitzen, RA Larsen, DR Larson, MA Thompson, FR AF Millspaugh, Joshua J. Gitzen, Robert A. Larsen, David R. Larson, Michael A. Thompson, Frank R., III BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI General Principles for Developing Landscape Models for Wildlife Conservation SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; HABITAT SUITABILITY; MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES; ECOLOGICAL MODELS; DECISION-ANALYSIS; FOREST LANDSCAPE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; SCALE; VISUALIZATION C1 [Millspaugh, Joshua J.; Gitzen, Robert A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Larsen, David R.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, Columbia, MO USA. [Larson, Michael A.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Forest Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Grand Rapids, MN USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. RP Millspaugh, JJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 31 PG 31 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500003 ER PT B AU Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR AF Millspaugh, Joshua J. Thompson, Frank R., III BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Models for Planning Wildlife Conservation in Large Landscapes Preface SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. RP Millspaugh, JJ (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP XI EP XIII PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500002 ER PT B AU Noon, BR McKelvey, KS Dickson, BG AF Noon, Barry R. McKelvey, Kevin S. Dickson, Brett G. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Multispecies Conservation Planning on US Federal Lands SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COARSE-FILTER APPROACH; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; POPULATION VIABILITY; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; SELECTION ALGORITHMS; ECOSYSTEM ENGINEERS; HABITAT SUITABILITY; ANIMAL POPULATIONS; RESERVE SELECTION C1 [Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [McKelvey, Kevin S.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. [Dickson, Brett G.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Environm Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Noon, BR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 141 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0; 978-0-12-373631-4 PY 2009 BP 51 EP 83 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00003-4 PG 33 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500005 ER PT J AU Flather, CH Wilson, KR Shriner, SA AF Flather, Curtis H. Wilson, Kenneth R. Shriner, Susan A. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Geographic Approaches to Biodiversity Conservation: Implications of Scale and Error to Landscape Planning SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; RESERVE SELECTION; SPECIES RICHNESS; BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY; HUMAN APPROPRIATION; HUMAN-POPULATION; PROTECTED AREAS; ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH; GLOBAL PATTERNS; ABSENCE DATA C1 [Flather, Curtis H.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Wilson, Kenneth R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shriner, Susan A.] Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Flather, CH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO USA. RI Flather, Curtis/G-3577-2012 OI Shriner, Susan/0000-0003-0349-7182; Flather, Curtis/0000-0002-0623-3126 NR 163 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 85 EP 121 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00004-6 PG 37 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500006 ER PT J AU Haight, RG Gobster, PH AF Haight, Robert G. Gobster, Paul H. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Social and Economic Considerations for Planning Wildlife Conservation in Large Landscapes SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RESERVE SITE SELECTION; METROPOLITAN OPEN-SPACE; POPULATION VIABILITY; SPECIES PROTECTION; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; NETWORKS; DESIGN; MODEL; FRAGMENTATION C1 [Haight, Robert G.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. [Gobster, Paul H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. RP Haight, RG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, St Paul, MN USA. OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310 NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 123 EP 152 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00005-8 PG 30 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500007 ER PT J AU Probst, JR Gustafson, EJ AF Probst, John R. Gustafson, Eric J. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI A Multiscale, Stepwise Approximation Approach for Wildlife Conservation Assessment and Planning SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID KIRTLANDS WARBLER; HABITAT-RELATIONSHIP; SPECIES MANAGEMENT; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; PAIRING SUCCESS; OAK WOODLANDS; GAP ANALYSIS; SCALE; POPULATION; FOREST C1 [Probst, John R.; Gustafson, Eric J.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI USA. RP Probst, JR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI USA. NR 89 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 177 EP 200 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00007-1 PG 24 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500009 ER PT J AU Larson, MA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR AF Larson, Michael A. Millspaugh, Joshua J. Thompson, Frank R., III BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI A Review of Methods for Quantifying Wildlife Habitat in Large Landscapes SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; SCRUB JAY HABITAT; POPULATION VIABILITY; SUITABILITY MODELS; FOREST MANAGEMENT; CATEGORICAL MAPS; SPATIAL-PATTERN; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; STATISTICAL-METHODS C1 [Larson, Michael A.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Forest Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Grand Rapids, MN USA. [Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. RP Larson, MA (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Forest Wildlife Populat & Res Grp, Grand Rapids, MN USA. NR 141 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 225 EP 250 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00009-5 PG 26 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500011 ER PT J AU Beck, JL Suring, LH AF Beck, Jeffrey L. Suring, Lowell H. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Wildlife Habitat-Relationships Models: Description and Evaluation of Existing Frameworks SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POPULATION VIABILITY; FOREST MANAGEMENT; INDUSTRIAL FOREST; LANDSCAPE MODEL; LAND MANAGEMENT; GRIZZLY BEARS; INDEX MODELS; SUITABILITY; IMPACTS; SYSTEM C1 [Beck, Jeffrey L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Suring, Lowell H.] US Forest Serv, Terr Wildlife Ecol Unit, Boise, ID USA. RP Beck, JL (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. NR 95 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 251 EP 285 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00010-1 PG 35 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500012 ER PT J AU Dijak, WD Rittenhouse, CD AF Dijak, William D. Rittenhouse, Chadwick D. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Development and Application of Habitat Suitability Models to Large Landscapes SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DISTRIBUTIONS; SOFTWARE; DENSITY; ECOLOGY; IMAGERY; BIRDS; TOOL C1 [Dijak, William D.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. [Rittenhouse, Chadwick D.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA. RP Dijak, WD (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. NR 64 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 367 EP 389 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00014-9 PG 23 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500016 ER PT J AU McKenzie, D Raymond, CL Cushman, SA AF McKenzie, Donald Raymond, Crystal L. Cushman, Samuel A. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Modeling Understory Vegetation and Its Response to Fire SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SPECIES-ENVIRONMENT RELATIONSHIPS; CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; GENERALIZED ADDITIVE-MODELS; ADAPTIVE REGRESSION SPLINES; DIRECT GRADIENT ANALYSIS; PRESCRIBED FIRE; HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS; MANAGED FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; QUANTILE REGRESSION C1 [McKenzie, Donald] US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. [Raymond, Crystal L.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Cushman, Samuel A.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA. RP McKenzie, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA USA. NR 138 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 391 EP 414 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00015-0 PG 24 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500017 ER PT J AU Shifley, SR Rittenhouse, CD Millspaugh, JJ AF Shifley, Stephen R. Rittenhouse, Chadwick D. Millspaugh, Joshua J. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Validation of Landscape-Scale Decision Support Models That Predict Vegetation and Wildlife Dynamics SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HABITAT SUITABILITY MODELS; BREEDING BIRD SURVEY; RESOURCE SELECTION; FOREST MANAGEMENT; SPACE-USE; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; SIMULATION-MODELS; CONSERVATION; VIABILITY; DENSITY C1 [Shifley, Stephen R.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. [Rittenhouse, Chadwick D.; Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA. RP Shifley, SR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. NR 123 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 415 EP 448 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00016-2 PG 34 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500018 ER PT J AU Rowland, MM Wisdom, MJ AF Rowland, Mary M. Wisdom, Michael J. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Habitat Networks for Terrestrial Wildlife: Concepts and Case Studies SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPE; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; POPULATIONS; CLIMATE; DESIGN; BASIN C1 [Rowland, Mary M.; Wisdom, Michael J.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR USA. RP Rowland, MM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR USA. NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 501 EP 531 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00019-8 PG 31 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500021 ER PT B AU Fitzgerald, JA Thogmartin, WE Dettmers, R Jones, T Rustay, C Ruth, JM Thompson, FR Will, T AF Fitzgerald, Jane A. Thogmartin, Wayne E. Dettmers, Randy Jones, Tim Rustay, Christopher Ruth, Janet M. Thompson, Frank R., III Will, Tom BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI Application of Models to Conservation Planning for Terrestrial Birds in North America SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER DATA; HABITAT SUITABILITY; PREDATION RATES; GRASSLAND BIRDS; ABUNDANCE; MIDWESTERN; MANAGEMENT; DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPLETION C1 [Fitzgerald, Jane A.] Amer Bird Conservancy, Brentwood, MO USA. [Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA. [Dettmers, Randy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA USA. [Jones, Tim] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Laurel, MD USA. [Rustay, Christopher] Playa Lakes Joint Venture, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Ruth, Janet M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Arid Lands Field Stn, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. [Will, Tom] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, Ft Snelling, MN USA. RP Fitzgerald, JA (reprint author), Amer Bird Conservancy, Brentwood, MO USA. RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008 OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279 NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0; 978-0-12-373631-4 PY 2009 BP 593 EP 624 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00022-8 PG 32 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500024 ER PT J AU Thompson, FR Millspaugh, JJ AF Thompson, Frank R., III Millspaugh, Joshua J. BA Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR BF Millspaugh, JJ Thompson, FR TI A Decision Framework for Choosing Models in Large-Scale Wildlife Conservation Planning SO MODELS FOR PLANNING WILDLIFE CONSERVATION IN LARGE LANDSCAPES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOREST MANAGEMENT; DYNAMIC-LANDSCAPE; BIODIVERSITY C1 [Thompson, Frank R., III] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. [Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA. RP Thompson, FR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Columbia, MO USA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092016-0 PY 2009 BP 661 EP 674 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-373631-4.00024-1 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA BGE36 UT WOS:000322543500026 ER PT J AU Carll, C Wiedenhoeft, AC AF Carll, Charles Wiedenhoeft, Alex C. BE Trechsel, HR Bomberg, MT TI Moisture-Related Properties of Wood and the Effects of Moisture on Wood and Wood Products SO MOISTURE CONTROL IN BUILDINGS: THE KEY FACTOR IN MOLD PREVENTION, 2ND EDITION SE ASTM International Manual Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COMMERCIAL ORIENTED STRANDBOARD; CREEP-BEHAVIOR; ENGINEERING PROPERTIES; DIMENSIONAL STABILITY; JUVENILE WOOD; HUMIDITY; TEMPERATURE; DECAY; PINE; FLAKEBOARD C1 [Carll, Charles; Wiedenhoeft, Alex C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. RP Carll, C (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI USA. NR 103 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA BN 978-0-8031-7004-9 J9 ASTM INT MAN SER PY 2009 IS MNL18 BP 54 EP 79 D2 10.1520/MNL18_2ND-EB PG 26 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BWN61 UT WOS:000294327700005 ER PT B AU TenWolde, A Bomberg, MT AF TenWolde, Anton Bomberg, Mark T. BE Trechsel, HR Bomberg, MT TI Design Tools SO MOISTURE CONTROL IN BUILDINGS: THE KEY FACTOR IN MOLD PREVENTION, 2ND EDITION SE ASTM International Manual Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [TenWolde, Anton] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Bomberg, Mark T.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. RP TenWolde, A (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA BN 978-0-8031-7004-9 J9 ASTM INT MAN SER PY 2009 IS MNL18 BP 129 EP 139 D2 10.1520/MNL18_2ND-EB PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology SC Construction & Building Technology GA BWN61 UT WOS:000294327700011 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, EA Dudek, EJ Liu, Q Taylor, A AF Whitcomb, Elizabeth A. Dudek, Edward J. Liu, Qing Taylor, Allen TI Novel Control of S Phase of the Cell Cycle by Ubiquitin-conjugating Enzyme H7 SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Article ID LENS EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ANAPHASE-PROMOTING COMPLEX; PROTEIN LIGASE; MEDIATED DEGRADATION; PROTEASOME PATHWAY; PTEN STABILITY; E3 LIGASE; PROTEOLYSIS; CHK1; LOCALIZATION AB Timely degradation of regulatory proteins by the ubiquitin proteolytic pathway (UPP) is an established paradigm of cell cycle regulation during the G2/M and G1/S transitions. Less is known about roles for the UPP during S phase. Here we present evidence that dynamic cell cycle-dependent changes in levels of UbcH7 regulate entrance into and progression through S phase. In diverse cell lines, UbcH7 protein levels are dramatically reduced in S phase but are fully restored by G2. Knockdown of UbcH7 increases the proportion of cells in S phase and doubles the time to traverse S phase, whereas UbcH7 overexpression reduces the proportion of cells in S phase. These data suggest a role for UbcH7 targets in the completion of S phase and entry into G2. Notably, UbcH7 knockdown was coincident with elevated levels of the checkpoint kinase Chk1 but not Chk2. These results argue that UbcH7 promotes S phase progression to G2 by modulating the intra-S phase checkpoint mediated by Chk1. Furthermore, UbcH7 levels appear to be regulated by a UPP. Together the data identify novel roles for the UPP, specifically UbcH7 in the regulation of S phase transit time as well as in cell proliferation. C1 [Whitcomb, Elizabeth A.; Dudek, Edward J.; Liu, Qing; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Taylor, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM allen.taylor@tufts.edu FU National Institutes of Health [EY13250]; USDA [581950-5100-060-01A]; Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving Award; American Health Assistance Award FX The authors thank Drs. Martin Obin, Joan Ruderman, and Fu Shang for critical review of the manuscript and Wei Ren for excellent technical assistance. Financial support was received from National Institutes of Health Grant EY13250, USDA Grant 581950-5100-060-01A, and the Johnson and Johnson Focused Giving Award, American Health Assistance Award. NR 43 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA 8120 WOODMONT AVE, STE 750, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2755 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD JAN PY 2009 VL 20 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1091/mbc.E08-01-0036 PG 9 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 389ZT UT WOS:000262134800001 PM 18946090 ER PT J AU Feng, J Naiman, DQ Cooper, B AF Feng, Jian Naiman, Daniel Q. Cooper, Bret TI Coding DNA repeated throughout intergenic regions of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome: evolutionary footprints of RNA silencing SO MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE; ELEMENTS; PLANTS; ORGANIZATION; RECOGNITION; TRANSCRIPTS; BIOGENESIS; DATABASE; SIRNAS; GENES AB Pyknons are non-random sequence patterns significantly repeated throughout non-coding genomic DNA that also appear at least once among coding genes. They are interesting because they portend an unforeseen connection between coding and non-coding DNA. Pyknons have only been discovered in the human genome, so it is unknown whether pyknons have wider biological relevance or are simply a phenomenon of the human genome. To address this, DNA sequence patterns from the Arabidopsis thaliana genome were detected using a probability-based method. 24 654 statistically significant sequence patterns, 16 to 24 nucleotides long, repeating 10 or more times in non-coding DNA also appeared in 46% of A. thaliana protein-coding genes. A. thaliana pyknons exhibit features similar to human pyknons, including being distinct sequence patterns, having multiple instances in genes and having remarkable similarity to small RNA sequences with roles in gene silencing. Chromosomal position mapping revealed that genomic pyknon density has concordance with siRNA and transposable element positioning density. Because the A. thaliana and human genomes have approximately the same number of genes but drastically different amounts of non-coding DNA, these data reveal that pyknons represent a biologically important link between coding and non-coding DNA. Because of the association of pyknons with siRNAs and localization to silenced regions of heterochromatin, we postulate that RNA-mediated gene silencing leads to the accumulation of gene sequences in non-coding DNA regions. C1 [Cooper, Bret] USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Feng, Jian; Naiman, Daniel Q.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Cooper, B (reprint author), USDA ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 006,Rm 213, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bret.cooper@ars.usda.gov RI Naiman, Daniel/A-3304-2010 OI Naiman, Daniel/0000-0001-6504-9081 NR 36 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1742-206X J9 MOL BIOSYST JI Mol. Biosyst. PY 2009 VL 5 IS 12 BP 1679 EP 1687 DI 10.1039/b903031j PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 518WX UT WOS:000271727600026 PM 19452047 ER PT J AU Chao, SM Zhang, WJ Akhunov, E Sherman, J Ma, YQ Luo, MC Dubcovsky, J AF Chao, Shiaoman Zhang, Wenjun Akhunov, Eduard Sherman, Jamie Ma, Yaqin Luo, Ming-Cheng Dubcovsky, Jorge TI Analysis of gene-derived SNP marker polymorphism in US wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE EST; SSR; SNP; Wheat ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; BIALLELIC MARKERS; POLYPLOID WHEAT; GENOME; HAPLOTYPE; MAP; BARLEY; ASSOCIATION; FREQUENCY AB In this study, we developed 359 detection primers for single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs) previously discovered within intron sequences of wheat genes and used them to evaluate SNP polymorphism in common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). These SNPs showed an average polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.18 among 20 US elite wheat cultivars, representing seven market classes. This value increased to 0.23 when SNPs were pre-selected for polymorphisms among a diverse set of 13 hexaploid wheat accessions ( excluding synthetic wheats) used in the wheat SNP discovery project (http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/SNP). PIC values for SNP markers in the D genome were approximately half of those for the A and B genomes. D genome SNPs also showed a larger PIC reduction relative to the other genomes (P < 0.05) when US cultivars were compared with the more diverse set of 13 wheat accessions. Within those accessions, D genome SNPs show a higher proportion of alleles with low minor allele frequencies (< 0.125) than found in the other two genomes. These data suggest that the reduction of PIC values in the D genome was caused by differential loss of low frequency alleles during the population size bottleneck that accompanied the development of modern commercial cultivars. Additional SNP discovery efforts targeted to the D genome in elite wheat germplasm will likely be required to offset the lower diversity of this genome. With increasing SNP discovery projects and the development of high-throughput SNP assay technologies, it is anticipated that SNP markers will play an increasingly important role in wheat genetics and breeding applications. C1 [Chao, Shiaoman] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Zhang, Wenjun; Ma, Yaqin; Luo, Ming-Cheng; Dubcovsky, Jorge] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Akhunov, Eduard] Kansas State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Sherman, Jamie] Montana State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Chao, SM (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM shiaoman.chao@ars.usda.gov RI Luo, Ming-Cheng/C-5600-2011; Dubcovsky, Jorge/A-4969-2008 OI Dubcovsky, Jorge/0000-0002-7571-4345 FU U. S. Department of Agriculture; Cooperative State Research; Education and Extension Service; Coordinated Agricultural Project [2006-55606-16629]; NSF [DBI-0321757] FX This research was supported in part by the funds from the U. S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Coordinated Agricultural Project grant number 2006-55606-16629 and NSF Grant No. DBI-0321757. We thank Dr. Jan Dvorak for facilitating early access to the SNP data generated by the NSF project and for his useful suggestions and ideas and to Iago Lowe for his thorough revision of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 64 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 23 IS 1 BP 23 EP 33 DI 10.1007/s11032-008-9210-6 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 391XY UT WOS:000262268700003 ER PT J AU Zhang, ZC Friesen, TL Simons, KJ Xu, SS Faris, JD AF Zhang, Zengcui Friesen, Timothy L. Simons, Kristin J. Xu, Steven S. Faris, Justin D. TI Development, identification, and validation of markers for marker-assisted selection against the Stagonospora nodorum toxin sensitivity genes Tsn1 and Snn2 in wheat SO MOLECULAR BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Triticum; Marker-assisted selection; Molecular mapping; Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Pyrenophora tritici-repentis ID PYRENOPHORA-TRITICI-REPENTIS; LINKAGE MAP; BREAD WHEAT; SEPTORIA DISEASES; PATHOSYSTEM; GENOME; LOCUS; L. AB The wheat-Stagonospora nodorum patho-system involves a number of pathogen-produced host-selective toxins that interact with host genes in an inverse gene-for-gene manner to cause disease. The wheat intervarietal recombinant inbred population derived from BR34 and Grandin (BG population) segregates for the toxin sensitivity genes Tsn1, Snn2, and Snn3, which confer sensitivity to the toxins ToxA, SnTox2, and SnTox3, respectively. Here, we report the addition of 141 molecular markers to the BG population linkage maps, the identification and/or development of markers tightly linked to Tsn1 and Snn2, and the validation of the markers using a set of diverse wheat accessions. The BG population maps now contain 787 markers, and new simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers closely linked to Snn2 on chromosome arm 2DS were identified. In an effort to target more markers to the Snn2 locus, STS markers were developed from 2DS bin-mapped ESTs resulting in the development and mapping of 36 markers mostly to the short arms of group 2 chromosomes. Together, SSR and EST-STS markers delineated Snn2 to a 4.0 cM interval. SSRs developed in related work for Tsn1 were mapped in the BG population and delineated the gene to a 1.0 cM interval. Evaluation of the markers for Tsn1 and Snn2 in a diverse set of wheat genotypes validated their utility for marker-assisted selection, which is particularly efficient for removing toxin sensitivity alleles from elite germ-plasm and varieties. C1 [Friesen, Timothy L.; Simons, Kristin J.; Xu, Steven S.; Faris, Justin D.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Zhang, Zengcui] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Faris, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Cereal Crops Res Unit, Red River Valley Agr Res Ctr, 1307 18th St N, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM justin.faris@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS CRIS [5442-22000-030-00D]; National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2003-35300-13109] FX This work was supported by USDA-ARS CRIS project 5442-22000-030-00D and by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, Grant Number 2003-35300-13109 to J. D.F. NR 28 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3743 J9 MOL BREEDING JI Mol. Breed. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 23 IS 1 BP 35 EP 49 DI 10.1007/s11032-008-9211-5 PG 15 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 391XY UT WOS:000262268700004 ER PT B AU Cannon, S AF Cannon, Steven BE Yamada, T Spangenberg, G TI Comparative Genomics in Legumes SO MOLECULAR BREEDING OF FORAGE AND TURF LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf CY 2007 CL Sapporo, JAPAN SP Natl Agr Res Ctr Hokkaido Reg, Natl Inst Livestock & Grassland Sci ID MEDICAGO-TRUNCATULA; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; DUPLICATED GENES; LOTUS-JAPONICUS; EVOLUTION; LEGUMINOSAE; PHYLOGENETICS; PATTERNS; EVENTS; FAMILY AB The legume family will soon include three sequenced genomes. The majority of the euchromatic portions of the model legumes Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus have been sequenced in clone-by-clone projects, and the sequencing of the soybean genome is underway in a whole-genome shotgun project. Genome-wide sequence-based comparisons between three genomes with common ancestry at less than similar to 50 million years will enable us to infer many features of the ancestral genome, to trace evolutionary differences such as rates of particular gene- or transposon-family expansions or losses, to better understand processes of genome remodeling that follow polyploidy, and to transfer knowledge to other crop and forage legumes. Comparisons among these genomes show a lack of large-scale genome duplications within the Lotus or Medicago genomes following separation of those lineages approximately 40 mya, evidence of an older shared polyploidy event, and clear evidence of a more recent duplication in soybean following the separation from the Medicago and Lotus common ancestor at approximately 50 mya. In contrast to the extensive rearrangements observed in the Arabidopsis genome, the Lotus and Medicago genomes have retained substantial gene collinearity, at the scale of whole chromosomes or chromosome arms - good news for translational genomics across a broad spectrum of forage and crop legumes. RP Cannon, S (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ames, IA USA. EM steven.cannon@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-79143-2 PY 2009 BP 29 EP 43 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-79144-9_3 PG 15 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BIO07 UT WOS:000261301000003 ER PT B AU Casler, MD van Santen, E Humphreys, MW Yamada, T Tamura, K Ellison, NW Jackson, RD Undersander, DJ Gildersleeve, R Stendal, C Reiter, M Opitz, C AF Casler, M. D. van Santen, E. Humphreys, M. W. Yamada, T. Tamura, K. Ellison, N. W. Jackson, R. D. Undersander, D. J. Gildersleeve, R. Stendal, C. Reiter, M. Opitz, C. BE Yamada, T Spangenberg, G TI Remnant Oak Savanna Acts as Refugium for Meadow Fescue Introduced During Nineteenth Century Human Migrations in the USA SO MOLECULAR BREEDING OF FORAGE AND TURF LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Molecular Breeding of Forage and Turf CY 2007 CL Sapporo, JAPAN SP Natl Agr Res Ctr Hokkaido Reg, Natl Inst Livestock & Grassland Sci ID IDENTIFICATION; DNA AB In 1990, an unknown forage grass was discovered growing in the shade of a remnant oak savanna in southwestern Wisconsin. Over 12 years, the practice of feeding mature hay on winter pastures spread this grass onto over 500 ha via seedling recruitment. Analysis of amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) markers on 561 plants, compared to a diverse sample of wild European collections of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), Italian ryegrass (L. multiflorum Lam.), meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds. = L. pratense (Huds.) Darbysh.), and tall fescue (F. arundinacea Schreb.), identified a highly diverse population that was more closely allied with F. pratensis than the other species, based on genetic distances. Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), using both Lolium- and Festuca-specific probes, led to effective hybridizations by only the Festuca-specific probes and gave indications of close homology to the F. pratensis genome. Similarly, genetic distance analysis using PCR-based Lolium expressed sequence tag (EST) markers on a subset of genotypes, compared to the four control species, clearly identified F. pratensis as the closest relative. Sequence analysis of the trnL intron of cpDNA distinguished the unknown plants from F. arundinacea, but not from Lolium. Additional survey work has identified this grass on 12 other farms within an area of about 20,000 ha. Soil samples accompanying plant samples indicated no seed banks and most farm records indicate no commercially introduced seeds during the twentieth century. We hypothesize that seeds of meadow fescue may have arrived with some of the earliest European immigrants to Wisconsin and spread along the historic Military Ridge Trail, a network of frontier U.S. Army forts connected by a major thoroughfare. C1 [Casler, M. D.] USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [van Santen, E.] Auburn Univ, Dept Agron & Soils, Auburn, AL USA. [Humphreys, M. W.] Inst Grassland & Environm Res, Aberystwyth, Dyfed, Wales. [Yamada, T.] Hokkaido Univ, Field Sci Ctr North Biospher, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Tamura, K.] Natl Agr Res Ctr Hokkaido Reg, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. [Ellison, N. W.] Grassland Res Ctr, AgRes, Palmerston North, New Zealand. [Jackson, R. D.; Undersander, D. J.; Stendal, C.; Reiter, M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI USA. [Gildersleeve, R.] Univ Wisconsin, Iowa County UW Extens, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Opitz, C.] Hidden Valley Farms, Mineral Point, WI USA. RP Casler, MD (reprint author), USDA ARS, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, 1925 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mdcasler@wisc.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-79143-2 PY 2009 BP 91 EP + DI 10.1007/978-0-387-79144-9_8 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BIO07 UT WOS:000261301000008 ER PT J AU Lee, J Feng, J Campbell, KB Scheffler, BE Garrett, WM Thibivilliers, S Stacey, G Naiman, DQ Tucker, ML Pastor-Corrales, MA Cooper, B AF Lee, Joohyun Feng, Jian Campbell, Kimberly B. Scheffler, Brian E. Garrett, Wesley M. Thibivilliers, Sandra Stacey, Gary Naiman, Daniel Q. Tucker, Mark L. Pastor-Corrales, M. A. Cooper, Bret TI Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Bean Plants Infected by a Virulent and Avirulent Obligate Rust Fungus SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; PATHOGEN PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; MEDIATED DISEASE RESISTANCE; ARABIDOPSIS INNATE IMMUNITY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS; GENE; DEFENSE AB Plants appear to have two types of active defenses, a broad-spectrum basal system and a system controlled by R-genes providing stronger resistance to some pathogens that break the basal defense. However, it is unknown if the systems are separate entities. Therefore, we analyzed proteins from leaves of the dry bean crop plant Phaseolus vulgaris using a high-throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. By statistically comparing the amounts of proteins detected in a single plant variety that is susceptible or resistant to infection, depending on the strains of a rust fungus introduced, we defined basal and R-gene-mediated plant defenses at the proteomic level. The data reveal that some basal defense proteins are potential regulators of a strong defense weakened by the fungus and that the R-gene modulates proteins similar to those in the basal system. The results satisfy a new model whereby R-genes are part of the basal system and repair disabled defenses to reinstate strong resistance. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 8:19-31, 2009. C1 [Lee, Joohyun; Campbell, Kimberly B.; Tucker, Mark L.; Pastor-Corrales, M. A.; Cooper, Bret] ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Feng, Jian; Naiman, Daniel Q.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Appl Math & Stat, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Scheffler, Brian E.] ARS, Mid S Area Genom Lab, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Garrett, Wesley M.] ARS, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Thibivilliers, Sandra; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Div Plant Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thibivilliers, Sandra; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Div Biochem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Cooper, B (reprint author), ARS, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM bret.cooper@ars.usda.gov RI Naiman, Daniel/A-3304-2010; OI Naiman, Daniel/0000-0001-6504-9081; Scheffler, Brian/0000-0003-1968-8952 FU Department of Energy [DE-FG02-02ER15309]; Johns Hopkins University; United States Department of Agriculture; Argricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) [2005-35605-15392] FX This work was funded in part by a Department of Energy Grant DE-FG02-02ER15309 (to G. S.), a specific cooperative agreement between Johns Hopkins University and the United States Department of Agriculture, Argricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Grant 2005-35605-15392 from USDA-Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service and a USDA-ARS Head Quarter's award (to B. C.). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 U. S. C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. at ISI, Thomson Scientific on January 14, 2009 www. mcponline. org Downloaded from NR 74 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD JAN PY 2009 VL 8 IS 1 BP 19 EP 31 DI 10.1074/mcp.M800156-MCP200 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 394FJ UT WOS:000262431000003 PM 18755735 ER PT J AU Stick, DA Langdon, CJ Banks, MA Camara, MD AF Stick, David A. Langdon, Chris J. Banks, Michael A. Camara, Mark D. TI Nineteen novel microsatellite markers for the Olympia oyster, Ostrea conchaphila/lurida SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE microsatellites; Olympia oyster; Ostrea conchaphila; lurida; PCR AB Accurate evaluation of remnant Ostrea conchaphila/lurida population structure is critical for developing appropriate restoration efforts. Here we report 19 polymorphic microsatellites suitable for analyses of population differentiation, pedigree reconstruction and linkage map construction. We screened clones from four enriched genomic libraries, identified 73 microsatellite-containing sequences and designed polymerase chain reaction primers for 44 of these loci. We successfully optimized polymerase chain reaction conditions for 20 loci, including one monomorphic locus. In a Willapa Bay reference sample, mean observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.6729 and 0.8377. Nine loci deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These markers have proven useful for genetic studies of the Olympia oyster. C1 [Stick, David A.; Langdon, Chris J.; Banks, Michael A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Camara, Mark D.] USDA ARS, Newport, OR 97365 USA. [Stick, David A.; Langdon, Chris J.; Banks, Michael A.; Camara, Mark D.] Oregon State Univ, Hatfield Marine Sci Ctr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. RP Stick, DA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Coastal Oregon Marine Expt Stn, 2030 SE Marine Sci Dr, Newport, OR 97365 USA. EM david.stick@oregonstate.edu FU NOAA Fisheries Office of Habitat Conservation [NA 0848-RDJ7]; USDA-CREES; USDA Agricultural Research Service Shellfish Genetics Program [5358-31000-001-00D] FX Funding came from NOAA Fisheries Office of Habitat Conservation, Portland, OR, Oregon Sea Grant (NA 0848-RDJ7), HMSC Markham Grant, the USDA-CREES Special Project, 'The Molluscan Broodstock Program' and the USDA Agricultural Research Service Shellfish Genetics Program (CRIS Project #5358-31000-001-00D). NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 153 EP 155 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02413.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900029 PM 21564588 ER PT J AU Baumgartner, K Bergemann, SE Fujiyoshi, P Rolshausen, PE Gubler, WD AF Baumgartner, K. Bergemann, S. E. Fujiyoshi, P. Rolshausen, P. E. Gubler, W. D. TI Microsatellite markers for the grapevine pathogen, Eutypa lata SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Ascomycota; Diatrypaceae; Eutypa dieback; Eutypa lata; plant pathogen; Vitis vinifera ID DIEBACK; LOCI AB We isolated and characterized nine polymorphic microsatellite markers for Eutypa lata, a fungal pathogen responsible for Eutypa dieback of grapevine, in populations from two California vineyards (24 isolates per vineyard). Allele frequency ranged from two to 11 alleles per locus and haploid gene diversity ranged from 0.33 to 0.83. All samples comprised unique haplotypes. Our results suggest that there is sufficient allelic polymorphism to estimate fine-scale spatial structure, and to identify possible sources of inoculum from habitats outside of vineyards. C1 [Baumgartner, K.; Fujiyoshi, P.] Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bergemann, S. E.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biol, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Rolshausen, P. E.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Plant Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Gubler, W. D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Baumgartner, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USDA ARS, 363 Hutchison Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM kbaumgartner@ucdavis.edu NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 222 EP 224 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02405.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900050 PM 21564609 ER PT J AU Piaggio, AJ Miller, KEG Matocq, MD Perkins, SL AF Piaggio, Antoinette J. Miller, Katie Erin G. Matocq, Marjorie D. Perkins, Susan L. TI Eight polymorphic microsatellite loci developed and characterized from Townsend's big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Corynorhinus townsendii; microsatellite; Townsend's big-eared bat AB Two of the five subspecies of the western big-eared bat, Corynorhinus townsendii, are listed as federally endangered with the remaining three being of conservation concern. Knowing the degree of connectivity among populations would aid in the establishment of sound conservation and management plans for this taxon. For this purpose, we have developed and characterized eight polymorphic microsatellite markers. C1 [Piaggio, Antoinette J.] USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Wildlife Genet Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Miller, Katie Erin G.; Matocq, Marjorie D.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Perkins, Susan L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrates, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Piaggio, AJ (reprint author), USDA, APHIS, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Wildlife Genet Lab, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov OI Perkins, Susan/0000-0002-5400-5662 FU Animal Plant Health Inspection Services Science Fellowship FX We are indebted to Kirk Navo, Lea Bonewell, and Mark Hayes for samples and support. We also wish to thank Jake Gratten for his helpful comments. A portion of this work was completed with the help of the Molecular Research Core Facility at Idaho State University. A.J.P. is supported by an Animal Plant Health Inspection Services Science Fellowship. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 258 EP 260 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02243.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900061 PM 21564620 ER PT J AU Grubisha, LC Cotty, PJ AF Grubisha, L. C. Cotty, P. J. TI Twenty-four microsatellite markers for the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Ascomycota; asexual; clonal; haploid; mycotoxin AB Aspergillus flavus infects both plants and humans and contaminates diverse agricultural crops with aflatoxins, highly carcinogenic fungal metabolites. We describe 24 microsatellite markers developed to assess genetic diversity and recombination within and between three vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) of Aspergillus flavus. These loci are polymorphic within at least one VCG or between VCGs. For loci polymorphic across all three VCGs, the number of alleles ranged from two to 19. These markers will be useful for genetic studies of this economically important pathogen. C1 [Grubisha, L. C.; Cotty, P. J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Cotty, PJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, USDA ARS, POB 210036, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM pjcotty@email.arizona.edu FU USDA; ARS [5325-42000-031-00D] FX Funding was provided by USDA, ARS project 5325-42000-031-00D. NR 8 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 264 EP 267 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02378.x PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900063 PM 21564622 ER PT J AU Ascunce, MS Yang, CC Geden, C Shoemaker, D AF Ascunce, Marina S. (Scotty) Yang, C. C. Geden, Chris Shoemaker, Dewayne TI Twenty-three new microsatellite loci in the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) (Diptera: Muscidae) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE cosmopolitan pest; genetics; microsatellite; stable fly ID MARKERS AB The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), is a significant pest of cattle. Twenty-three microsatellite markers were isolated from a repeat-enriched genomic library of S. calcitrans. We characterized variation at these markers and found that 17 loci were polymorphic in two fly populations from Florida. Two to nine alleles were observed among the variable microsatellite loci and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.03704 to 0.85115. These markers will be useful for characterizing population genetic differentiation and for tracking the migration patterns of stable flies in the USA and worldwide. C1 [Ascunce, Marina S.; (Scotty) Yang, C. C.; Geden, Chris; Shoemaker, Dewayne] USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [(Scotty) Yang, C. C.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Entomol, Taipei 106, Taiwan. RP Ascunce, MS (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Med Agr & Vet Entomol, 1600 SW 23rd Dr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. EM marina.ascunce@ars.usda.gov FU US Department of Agriculture NRICGP [2006-35302-18001, 58-6615-7-137] FX The repeat-enriched library was developed at the ICBR Genetic Analysis Laboratory (University of Florida) under the guidance of Ginger Clark. We thank Ginger Clark (ICBR Genetic Analysis Laboratory) and Sandra Allen (USDA-ARS-CMAVE) for comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. This study was supported by a grant from the US Department of Agriculture NRICGP (2006-35302-18001; Agreement No. 58-6615-7-137). NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 271 EP 273 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02445.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900065 PM 21564624 ER PT J AU Campbell, NR Overturf, K Narum, SR AF Campbell, Nathan R. Overturf, Ken Narum, Shawn R. TI Characterization of 22 novel single nucleotide polymorphism markers in steelhead and rainbow trout SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE 5' exonuclease assay; Oncorhynchus mykiss; rainbow trout; SNP; steelhead; Taqman ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS AB Thirty-two individuals representing coastal and inland populations of steelhead and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were sequenced at 18 expressed sequence tags and nine microsatellite loci to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms. A total of 98 polymorphisms were discovered during the screen and 22 were developed into 5' exonuclease assays (Taqman assays). Genotypes from TaqMan assays were compared to sequence data from individuals in the ascertainment panel to confirm proper allele designations. A larger number of samples (n = 192) from six regions were tested with the validated assays. Per-locus F(ST) values ranged from 0.001 to 0.414. C1 [Campbell, Nathan R.; Narum, Shawn R.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Overturf, Ken] USDA, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. RP Narum, SR (reprint author), Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, 3059 F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. EM nars@critfc.org NR 5 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 318 EP 322 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02376.x PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900079 PM 21564638 ER PT J AU Piaggio, AJ Neubaum, MA Yueh, H Ritland, CE Johnston, JJ Perkins, SL AF Piaggio, Antoinette J. Neubaum, Melissa A. Yueh, Hesther Ritland, Carol E. Johnston, John J. Perkins, Susan L. TI Development of 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci isolated from the mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa rufa (Rafinesque) SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Aplodontia rufa; microsatellite; mountain beaver AB We developed 10 microsatellite markers for the mountain beaver, Aplodontia rufa rufa. In three populations of A. r. rufa, the number of alleles for these loci ranged from monomorphic to nine. Average observed heterozygosities in these populations ranged from 0.29 to 0.60. We also tested previously published markers from the endangered subspecies A. r. nigra in A. r. rufa populations. C1 [Piaggio, Antoinette J.; Neubaum, Melissa A.; Johnston, John J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife Genet Lab, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Yueh, Hesther; Ritland, Carol E.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Sci, Genet Data Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Perkins, Susan L.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Sackler Inst Comparat Gen, New York, NY 10024 USA. RP Piaggio, AJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife Genet Lab, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM toni.j.piaggio@aphis.usda.gov OI Perkins, Susan/0000-0002-5400-5662 FU APHIS [06-7483-0579] FX We wish to thank Wendy Arjo and Doug Ransome for their contribution of specimens and Allyson Miscampbell, Julia Figueroa and Brett Coghlan for their help with laboratory procedures. A.J.P. is supported by an APHIS Science Fellowship. C.E.R. and H.Y. are supported by the Genetic Data Centre, University of British Columbia. This study was funded through an APHIS agreement (06-7483-0579) with the Nevada Division of Wildlife, and for this support we would like to thank Jennifer Jeffers. NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1755-098X J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR JI Mol. Ecol. Resour. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 9 IS 1 BP 323 EP 325 DI 10.1111/j.1755-0998.2008.02382.x PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA 397RD UT WOS:000262678900080 PM 21564639 ER PT S AU Hiett, KL Seal, BS AF Hiett, Kelli L. Seal, Bruce S. BE Caugant, DA TI Use of Repetitive Element Palindromic PCR (rep-PCR) for the Epidemiologic Discrimination of Foodborne Pathogens SO MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Bacteria; BOX; ERIC; REP; Rep-PCR; repetitive elements ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SEQUENCE-BASED PCR; DNA-SEQUENCES; GENOMES AB The use of defined primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of interspersed repetitive DNA elements present at distinct locations in prokaryotic genomes is referred to as repetitive element sequence based-polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR). The initial discovery of repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) elements occurred in the genomes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella. The family of REP elements is generally between 33 and 40 bp in length, has 500 to 1,000 copies per genome, and comprises about 1% of the bacterial genomes of E. coli or Salmonella. The amplified DNA fragments, when separated by electrophoresis, constitute a genomic fingerprint that can be employed for Subspecies discrimination and strain delineation of bacteria and fungi. The application of rep-PCR to microbes has proven a discriminatory and reproducible tool for microbial subtype analyses and for microbial ecology investigations. C1 [Hiett, Kelli L.; Seal, Bruce S.] ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA USA. RP Hiett, KL (reprint author), ARS, Poultry Microbiol Safety Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, USDA, Athens, GA USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-60327-998-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 551 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-999-4_5 D2 10.1007/978-1-60327-999-4 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BKJ96 UT WOS:000268335900005 PM 19521866 ER PT J AU Almeida, NF Yan, S Lindeberg, M Studholme, DJ Schneider, DJ Condon, B Liu, HJ Viana, CJ Warren, A Evans, C Kemen, E MacLean, D Angot, A Martin, GB Jones, JD Collmer, A Setubal, JC Vinatzer, BA AF Almeida, Nalvo F. Yan, Shuangchun Lindeberg, Magdalen Studholme, David J. Schneider, David J. Condon, Bradford Liu, Haijie Viana, Carlos J. Warren, Andrew Evans, Clive Kemen, Eric MacLean, Dan Angot, Aurelie Martin, Gregory B. Jones, Jonathan D. Collmer, Alan Setubal, Joao C. Vinatzer, Boris A. TI A Draft Genome Sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1 Reveals a Type III Effector Repertoire Significantly Divergent from That of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 SO MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS LA English DT Article DE effector-triggered immunity; nonhost resistance; pyrosequencing; Solexa sequencing ID DISEASE RESISTANCE GENE; SECRETION SYSTEM; INNATE IMMUNITY; ARABIDOPSIS PLANTS; PHASEOLICOLA 1448A; NONHOST RESISTANCE; NATURAL VARIATION; BASAL DEFENSE; IDENTIFICATION; VIRULENCE AB Diverse gene products including phytotoxins, pathogen-associated molecular patterns, and type III secreted effectors influence interactions between Pseudomonas syringae strains and plants, with additional yet uncharacterized factors likely contributing as well. Of particular interest are those interactions governing pathogen-host specificity. Comparative genomics of closely related pathogens with different host specificity represents an excellent approach for identification of genes contributing to host-range determination. A draft genome sequence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato T1, which is pathogenic on tomato but nonpathogenic on Arabidopsis thaliana, was obtained for this purpose and compared with the genome of the closely related A. thaliana and tomato model pathogen P. syringae pv. tomato DC3000. Although the overall genetic content of each of the two genomes appears to be highly similar, the repertoire of effectors was found to diverge significantly. Several P. syringae pv. tomato T1 effectors absent from strain DC3000 were confirmed to be translocated into plants, with the well-studied effector AvrRpt2 representing a likely candidate for host-range determination. However, the presence of avrRpt2 was not found sufficient to explain A. thaliana resistance to P. syringae pv. tomato T1, suggesting that other effectors and possibly type III secretion system-independent factors also play a role in this interaction. C1 [Yan, Shuangchun; Liu, Haijie; Vinatzer, Boris A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Almeida, Nalvo F.; Warren, Andrew; Evans, Clive; Setubal, Joao C.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Lindeberg, Magdalen; Condon, Bradford; Angot, Aurelie; Martin, Gregory B.; Collmer, Alan] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Studholme, David J.; Kemen, Eric; MacLean, Dan; Jones, Jonathan D.] Sainsbury Lab, Norwich NR4 7UH, Norfolk, England. [Schneider, David J.] USDA ARS, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Angot, Aurelie; Martin, Gregory B.] Boyce Thompson Inst Plant Res, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Setubal, Joao C.] Virginia Tech, Dept Comp Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Vinatzer, BA (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Plant Pathol Physiol & Weed Sci, Latham Hall,Ag Quad Lane, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM vinatzer@vt.edu RI Almeida, Nalvo/B-5856-2012; Setubal, Joao/C-7305-2012; Martin, Gregory/F-6262-2011; Schneider, David/H-2236-2012; Jones, Jonathan/J-5129-2012; MacLean, Dan/C-7046-2013; Oncogenomica, Inct/H-9999-2013; OI Almeida, Nalvo/0000-0001-5615-1746; Setubal, Joao/0000-0001-9174-2816; Martin, Gregory/0000-0003-0044-6830; Schneider, David/0000-0002-2124-8385; Jones, Jonathan/0000-0002-4953-261X; MacLean, Dan/0000-0003-1032-0887; Condon, Bradford/0000-0003-4377-9205; Yan, Shuangchun/0000-0002-9924-283X; Studholme, David/0000-0002-3010-6637; Kemen, Eric/0000-0002-7924-116X FU Virginia Tech Institute for Biomedical and Public Health Sciences; National Science Foundation [0746501, DBI-0605059]; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) [200447/2007-6]; Research at Cornell University and the Boyce Thompson Institute FX Work in the Vinatzer lab and pyrosequencing of T1 was funded by the Virginia Tech Institute for Biomedical and Public Health Sciences and the National Science Foundation (award number 0746501). N. F. Almeida was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), fellowship 200447/2007-6. Research at Cornell University and the Boyce Thompson Institute was supported by the National Science Foundation (award number DBI-0605059). NR 55 TC 93 Z9 96 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0894-0282 J9 MOL PLANT MICROBE IN JI Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 22 IS 1 BP 52 EP 62 DI 10.1094/MPMI-22-1-0052 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 394IU UT WOS:000262441200005 PM 19061402 ER PT J AU Schroers, HJ O'Donnell, K Lamprecht, SC Kammeyer, PL Johnson, S Sutton, DA Rinaldi, MG Geiser, DM Summerbell, RC AF Schroers, Hans-Josef O'Donnell, Kerry Lamprecht, Sandra C. Kammeyer, Patricia L. Johnson, Stuart Sutton, Deanna A. Rinaldi, Michael G. Geiser, David M. Summerbell, Richard C. TI Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Fusarium dimerum species group SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE beta-tubulin gene; DNA barcoding; Hoodia pathogens; Hypocreales; internal transcribed spacer region; large subunit of ribosomal DNA; microcodes; Microdochium; morphology; opportunistic human pathogens; phylogeny; translation elongation Factor 1 alpha ID GENE GENEALOGIES; CONTACT-LENS; COMPLEX; INFECTIONS; DIVERSITY; KERATITIS; FUNGUS; IDENTIFICATION; LEUKEMIA; DISEASE AB The morphospecies Fusarium dimerum, known Only from its anamorph, comprises at least 12 phylogenetically distinct species. Analyses Of the large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU rDNA) show they are taxa of the Nectriaceae (Hypocreales), related (1) F. domesticum and form a phylogenetically distinct clade within Fusarium. Fusarium dimerum, for which no herbarium material could be located, is characterized by macroconidia with a single, median septum, according the original description and illustration Fusarium lunatum (= F. dimerum var. violaceum) forms similar but. longer macroconidia an(I catenate or clustered chlamydospores. Fusarium, delphinoides sp. nov., F. biseptatum sp. nov., F. penzigii sp. nov., F. nectrioides comb. nov. (= F. dimerum var. nectrioides) and two unnamed Fusarium spp. produce macroconidia with mostly two or rarely three septa. The name F. dimerum, which originally was applied to a fungus from a citron, is used for a taxon including isolates causing infections ill immunocompetent ill I cl immunocompromised patients. Fusarium nectrioides, F. delphinoides, F. penzigii and F. biseptatum are known from Soil and dead plant substrata or rarely as agents of trauma-related eye infections of humans. Fusarium lunatum is an inhabitant of the cladodes of species within the cactus genera Opuntia and Gymnocalycium. Its unnamed closest sister taxon, which also forms 1-septate macroconidia and purple, clustered chlamydospores, was isolated from a human sinus. Fusarium delphinoides is a pathogen of the cactus-like African species Hoodia gordonii (Apocynaceae). Phylogenetic analyses based On combined sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region, LSU rDNA and partial sequences of the elongation factor 1-alpha and beta-tubulin genes identified a clade of several species producing predominately 2-septate macroconidia as the reciprocally monophyletic sister of F. dimerum. The basal sister group of the two aforementioned clades includes Fusarium lunatum and two undescribed species, all of which form 1-septate macroconidia. C1 [Schroers, Hans-Josef] Agr Inst Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia. [O'Donnell, Kerry] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Lamprecht, Sandra C.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Kammeyer, Patricia L.; Johnson, Stuart] Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. [Rinaldi, Michael G.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Geiser, David M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Summerbell, Richard C.] CBS Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Summerbell, Richard C.] Sporometrics Inc, Toronto, ON M6K 1Y9, Canada. RP Schroers, HJ (reprint author), Agr Inst Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia. EM hans.schroers@kis.si RI Geiser, David/J-9950-2013 NR 69 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 7 U2 18 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 101 IS 1 BP 44 EP 70 DI 10.3852/08-002 PG 27 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 413SN UT WOS:000263812900005 PM 19271670 ER PT J AU Peterson, SW Horn, BW AF Peterson, Stephen W. Horn, Bruce W. TI Penicillium parvulum and Penicillium georgiense, sp nov., isolated from the conidial heads of Aspergillus species SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE genealogical concordance; molecular systematics; species recognition; synonymies ID PHYLOGENETIC PLACEMENT; SEQUENCE DATA; EUPENICILLIUM; RECOGNITION; NEUROSPORA; INFERENCE; THIERSII; MRBAYES; FUNGI AB Two new Penicillium species were isolated from peanut-field soils in Georgia. The species were noted particularly because they sporulated on the conidial heads of Aspergillus species. Phenotypic descriptions were prepared with standard media. LSU-rDNA sequences were determined for the new species and compared to existing homologous sequences from Penicillium species with parsimony analysis. The monoverticillate species, P. parvulum, was related most closely to E. cinnamopurpureum, while the furcate species, P. georgiense, appeared in the tree near P. thiersii. Because P. parvulum was closely related to E. cinnamopurpureum additional loci were sequenced (beta-tubulin and calmodulin) for these and some other closely related species to establish the status of the species through genealogical concordance. Some proposed synonymies from prior studies were examined and resolved. C1 [Peterson, Stephen W.] USDA ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Horn, Bruce W.] USDA ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Peterson, SW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Microbial Genom & Bioproc Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Peterson@ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 101 IS 1 BP 71 EP 83 DI 10.3852/08-036 PG 13 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 413SN UT WOS:000263812900006 PM 19274850 ER PT J AU Samuels, GJ Ismaiel, A AF Samuels, Gary J. Ismaiel, Adnan TI Trichoderma evansii and T. lieckfeldtiae: two new T. hamatum-like species SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ascomycetes; endophytic fungi; Hypocrea; Hypocreaceae; Hypocreales; soil fungi; systematics ID GENUS TRICHODERMA; REVISION; QUALITY AB The new species, Trichoderma evansii and T. lieckfeldtiae, resemble the closely related T. humatum and T. pubescens in forming discrete, setose conidial pustules within which arise smooth, green conidia from pachybasium-like conidiophores. The phylogenetic position of these species was determined with combined partial sequences of ITS, translation elongation factor 1-alpha, RNA polymerase II subunit and actin genes. All are members of the Viride clade. Trichoderma evansii forms a sister group relationship with a clade that includes T. hamatum, and T. pubescens. It differs from the latter two species in having subglobose conidia; it was isolated as an endophyte from sapwood of Lophira alata (Ochnaceae) and Cola verticillata (Malvaceae) in Cameroon and Theobroma gileri (Malvaceae) in Peru. Trichoderma lieckfeldtiae occupies an unresolved position in the Viride clade despite being virtually morphologically indistinguishable from T. hamatum; it was isolated from fruit of cacao infected with Moniliophthora roreri in Colombia, pseudostroma of Moniliophthora roreri on pods of Theobroma cacao in Peru and from soil in a cacao farm in Cameroon (central Africa). C1 [Samuels, Gary J.; Ismaiel, Adnan] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Samuels, GJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Room 304,B-011A,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM gary.samuels@ars.usda.gov NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 EI 1557-2536 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 101 IS 1 BP 142 EP 156 DI 10.3852/08-161 PG 15 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 413SN UT WOS:000263812900013 PM 19271677 ER PT J AU Lindner, DL Banik, MT AF Lindner, Daniel L. Banik, Mark T. TI Effects of cloning and root-tip size on observations of fungal ITS sequences from Picea glauca roots SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ectomycorrhizal fungi; endophyte; environmental samples; mycorrhiza; species identification ID SUCCESSIONAL GLACIER FOREFRONT; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; QUERCUS WOODLAND; RDNA; SOIL; COMMUNITIES; DIVERSITY AB To better understand the effects of cloning on observations of fungal ITS sequences from Picea glauca (white spruce) roots two techniques were compared: (i) direct sequencing of fungal ITS regions from individual root tips without cloning and (ii) cloning and sequencing of fungal ITS regions from individual root tips. Effect of root tip size was investigated by selecting 20 small root tips (SRT, 1.0-2.0 mm long) and 20 large root tips (LRT, 5.0-6.0 mm long). DNA was isolated from each tip and PCR-amplified with fungal-specific primers. PCR reactions were divided into two portions, one of which was sequenced directly and one of which was cloned first followed by sequencing of 12 random clones. With direct sequencing all 20 SRT produced an identifiable sequence , while only 13 of 20 LRT (65%) yielded an identifiable sequence. With cloning and sequencing all 40 tips produced identitiable fungal ITS sequences regardless of size. Failure of direct sequencing in LRT was associated with the presence of multispecies assemblages. Cloning identified 18 taxa overall while direct sequencing identified four. Cloning was not affected by tip size and identified more taxa relative to direct sequencing, although cost and probability of observing lab-based contaminants (e.g. airborne or reagent-based) were higher. We suggest that standardized controls be run whenever clones are sequenced from environmental samples, including positive controls derived from pure cultures and negative controls that cover the entire extraction, amplification and cloning process. Additional studies on larger root segments and bulked samples are needed to determine whether cloning and detect fungi accurately and cost-effectively in complex environmental samples. C1 [Lindner, Daniel L.; Banik, Mark T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Lindner, DL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, 1 Gifford Pinchol Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM dlindner@wisc.edu NR 21 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 101 IS 1 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.3852/08-034 PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 413SN UT WOS:000263812900014 PM 19271678 ER PT J AU Petrini, O Samuels, GJ Horak, E AF Petrini, Orlando Samuels, Gary J. Horak, Egon TI Emil Muller, 1920-2008 SO MYCOLOGIA LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Petrini, Orlando] Cantonal Inst Microbiol, Bellinzona, Switzerland. [Samuels, Gary J.] USDA ARS, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Petrini, O (reprint author), Cantonal Inst Microbiol, Bellinzona, Switzerland. EM orlando@petrininet.ch NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALLEN PRESS INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0027-5514 J9 MYCOLOGIA JI Mycologia PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 101 IS 1 BP 166 EP 167 DI 10.3852/08-129 PG 2 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 413SN UT WOS:000263812900015 ER PT J AU De Silva, H Castlebury, LA Green, S Stone, JK AF De Silva, Heike Castlebury, Lisa A. Green, Sarah Stone, Jeffrey K. TI Characterisation and phylogenetic relationships of Anisogyamma virgultorum and A. anomala in the Diaporthales (Ascomycota) SO MYCOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Betula; Corylus; Eastern filbert blight; Gnomoniaceae ID ANISOGRAMMA-ANOMALA; EUROPEAN HAZELNUT; INFECTION PERIOD; FILBERT; SEQUENCES; ALIGNMENT; DISEASE; SITE; TOOL AB The two diaporthalean fungi Anisogramma virgultorum and A. anomala are biotrophic parasites. A. virgultorum causes stromatal cankers on young shoots of birch whereas A. anomala infects young branches of Corylus avellana. Although previous classifications based on morphological characteristics placed both species in the Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales, their taxonomic position within the order and their relationship to each other required further clarification. We determined the nucleotide sequences of the ITS and partial LSU nu-rDNA regions of both species. A putative second teleomorph form of A. virgultorum, described in the literature as the 'single perithecial form', was also included in the analysis. Based on phylogenetic analyses of LSU sequences, the stromatal forms of A. virgultorum and A. anomala were part of a well-supported monophyletic sister clade to the Gnomoniaceae. The single perithecial form was placed within a clade containing representative members of the Gnomoniaceae, separate from species of Anisogramma. These results indicate that the single perithecial form of A. virgultorum actually represents an unrelated and as yet unidentified species of Gnomoniaceae. A morphological description of asci and ascospores of the three species is given. A Wilcoxon two sample test revealed that asci of the stromatal form of A. virgultorum were significantly shorter than those of the single perithecial species. Ascospores of the stromatal form of A. virgultorum were significantly shorter and wider than those of the single perithecial species. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The British Mycological Society. C1 [Castlebury, Lisa A.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [De Silva, Heike; Green, Sarah] No Res Stn, Roslin EH25 9SY, Midlothian, Scotland. [Stone, Jeffrey K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Castlebury, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM lisa.castlebury@ARS.USDA.GOV FU Alexandra Schlenzig of the Scottish Agricultural Science Agency FX This paper is an edited portion of a PhD thesis to be submitted by H.D.S. at the University of Aberdeen. The PhD is funded by the Scottish Forestry Trust, Edinburgh. We thank Aimee Hyten and Mikhail Sogonov of USDA ARS for technical assistance during this study and Alexandra Schlenzig of the Scottish Agricultural Science Agency for arranging the import of Anisoyramma anomala into Scotland and use of quarantine facilities. We also thank Joan Cottrell and Amy Rossman for helpful comments on the manuscript. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0953-7562 J9 MYCOL RES JI Mycol. Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 113 BP 73 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.mycres.2008.08.008 PG 9 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 399PC UT WOS:000262810800007 PM 18824098 ER PT J AU Ortiz-Santana, B Roody, WC Both, EE AF Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz Roody, William C. Both, Ernst E. TI A new arenicolous Boletus from the Gulf Coast of northern Florida SO MYCOTAXON LA English DT Article DE Boletaceae; ectomycorrhizal fungi; taxonomy AB Boletus abruptibulbus sp. nov. is described as new to science. It inhabits old sand dunes in mixed oak-pine stands across the Gulf Coast of northern Florida. C1 [Ortiz-Santana, Beatriz] US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Roody, William C.] W Virginia Div Nat Resources, Elkins, WV 26241 USA. [Both, Ernst E.] Buffalo Museum Sci, Buffalo, NY 14211 USA. RP Ortiz-Santana, B (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Ctr Forest Mycol Res, No Res Stn, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM bortizsantana@fs.fed.us NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MYCOTAXON LTD PI ITHACA PA PO BOX 264, ITHACA, NY 14851-0264 USA SN 0093-4666 J9 MYCOTAXON JI Mycotaxon PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 107 BP 243 EP 247 DI 10.5248/107.243 PG 5 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 428EJ UT WOS:000264830500025 ER PT S AU Abbas, HK Shier, WT AF Abbas, Hamed K. Shier, W. T. BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Mycotoxin Contamination of Agricultural Products in the Southern United States and Approaches to Reducing it from Pre-harvest to Final Food Products SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID HYDROLYZED FUMONISIN B-1; PROCESSED CORN FOODS; SHEATH ROT DISEASE; ZEA-MAYS HYBRIDS; FUSARIUM-PROLIFERATUM; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; CERAMIDE SYNTHASE; AFLATOXIN LEVELS; IN-VITRO; MAIZE AB Mycotoxins represent >300 fungal natural products, including aflatoxins, trichothecenes, zearalenones, ochratoxins, patulin and fumonisins. Mycotoxins contaminate cereal grains, causing acute and chronic illnesses in livestock and humans, including teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, endocrine disruption and immunosuppression. Mycotoxin-producing fungi infect plants from soil reservoirs or as endophytes, which infect seeds and plants they growing from them. Mycotoxins can be produced pre-harvest or post-harvest, but near-ideal crop handling and storage conditions in developed countries allow regulatory agencies to assume zero post-harvest production. Cereal grains range in mycotoxin contamination susceptibility from corn, the most susceptible, to rice, the least susceptible. In this paper we provide an overview of mycotoxin contamination problems in the southern United States, and give examples of efforts to reduce mycotoxin contamination pre-harvest, post-harvest and during food processing. C1 [Abbas, Hamed K.] Agr Res Serv, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Abbas, HK (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, USDA, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Hamed.Abbas@ars.usda.gov NR 78 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 37 EP 58 PG 22 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300003 ER PT S AU Cleveland, TE Bhatnagar, D Yu, JJ AF Cleveland, Thomas E. Bhatnagar, Deepak Yu, Jiujiang BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Elimination and control of aflatoxin contamination in agricultural crops through Aspergillus flavus genomics SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID REGULATORY PROTEIN AFLR; GENE-CLUSTER; NORSOLORINIC ACID; SECONDARY METABOLISM; FUNCTIONAL GENOMICS; BIOSYNTHESIS; PARASITICUS; PATHWAY; SEQUENCE; MYCOTOXINS AB Aflatoxins are the most carcinogenic mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flaw's and A. parasiticus. The primary objectives of our A. flavus genomics program are to reduce and eliminate aflatoxin contamination in food and feed and control fungal infection in preharvest crops such as corn, cotton, peanut and tree nuts. A.,flavus EST and whole genome sequencing projects for this fungus project were completed. Three different types of A. flavus microarrays have been constructed and used in gene profiling and functional genomics studies. In order to control aflatoxin contamination of agricultural crops, genes that are potentially involved in aflatoxin formation and fungal infection have been identified through genomics tools. C1 [Cleveland, Thomas E.; Bhatnagar, Deepak; Yu, Jiujiang] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cleveland, TE (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Food & Feed Safety Res Unit, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 67 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 93 EP 106 PG 14 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300007 ER PT S AU Rajasekaran, K Jaynes, JM Cary, JW AF Rajasekaran, K. Jaynes, J. M. Cary, J. W. BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Transgenic Expression of Lytic Peptides in Food and Feed Crops to Control Phytopathogens and Preharvest Mycotoxin Contamination SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID CONFERS ENHANCED RESISTANCE; BACTERIAL DISEASE RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE; IN-VITRO; CECROPIN-B; ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; CATIONIC PEPTIDE; MAGAININ ANALOG; TOBACCO PLANTS AB Transgenic crops are widely cultivated in several countries to control crop losses due to insects and weeds. However, disease resistant transgenic crops that can withstand infections due to fungal and bacterial pathogens are not yet available due to several reasons. The primary reasons are 1) host plant-pathogen interaction is a very complex phenomenon and it is often crop/variety or pathogen/strain specific.; 2) natural antimicrobial proteins and peptides are subject to digestion by protcases, lack specificity and may be toxic to non-target plant and animal species; 3) large scale production of antimicrobial proteins and peptides are very expensive and 4) microbial pathogens can develop resistance to natural proteins and peptides. Recent advances in combinatorial chemistry and automated peptide synthesis have paved the way for rational design of stable, potent, and novel synthetic peptides with target-specific biological activity. Some of these lytic synthetic peptides have been already expressed in transgenic plants with varying degrees of success towards control of phytopathogens including some fungal pathogens that produce mycotoxins. This review gives a brief account of recent developments regarding the use of lytic peptides in transgcnic crops to control yield losses due to pathogens and mycotoxin contamination. C1 [Rajasekaran, K.; Cary, J. W.] Agr Res Serv, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 71024 USA. RP Rajasekaran, K (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, So Reg Res Ctr, USDA, New Orleans, LA 71024 USA. NR 82 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 119 EP 142 PG 24 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300009 ER PT S AU McCormick, SP AF McCormick, S. P. BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Phytotoxicity of trichothecenes SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID FUSARIUM HEAD BLIGHT; CHLAMYDOMONAS-REINHARDTII; MYCOTOXIN DEOXYNIVALENOL; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; GRAMINEARUM; GENE; BIOSYNTHESIS; RESISTANCE; TRI101; WHEAT AB Many plant pathogenic species of the genus Fusarium produce trichothecenes, a large group of sesquiterpene epoxides that are inhibitors of eukaryotic protein synthesis. Although some Fusarium trichothecenes are virulence factors in plant disease, the phytotoxicities of many trichothecenes have only recently been investigated. Two test systems have been used to evaluate the structural features of trichothecenes that may impact phytotoxicity. Detached leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana plants and cultures of the unicellular plant Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were both treated with solutions of trichothecenes from a library of natural and synthetically modified trichothecenes. Results of these studies suggest that trichothecenes with a C-3 acetoxy group are generally less phytotoxic than those with a C-3 hydroxyl group but that other structural features may be important. Isotrichodermol, the earliest trichothecene precursor of the mycotoxins T-2 toxin and deoxynivalenol, was toxic in both assays. C1 USDA ARS NCAUR, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP McCormick, SP (reprint author), USDA ARS NCAUR, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 143 EP 155 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300010 ER PT S AU Brown, RL Chen, ZY Cleveland, TE Menkir, A Fakhoury, A AF Brown, Robert L. Chen, Zhi-Yuan Cleveland, Thomas E. Menkir, Abebe Fakhoury, Ahmad BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Identification of Maize Breeding Markers through Investigations of Proteins Associated with Aflatoxin-Resistance SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS INFECTION; CORN TRYPSIN-INHIBITOR; GENOTYPES RESISTANT; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KERNEL PROTEINS; CONTAMINATION; ACCUMULATION; WAX; BIOSYNTHESIS; GERMINATION AB The goal of a collaborative research project between International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in Nigeria and ARS-Southern Regional Research Center (SRRC) in New Orleans is to develop maize inbred lines with resistance against aflatoxin contamination by Aspergillus flavus. A second goal is to identify gene markers in these lines to facilitate their use in U.S. breeding and African national programs. To accomplish this, comparative proteomics of near-isogenic lines varying in aflatoxin accumulation is being employed to identify kernel resistance associated proteins with (RAPs). A number of RAPs have been identified and several further characterized through physiological and biochemical investigations conducted to determine a potential role in resistance and, therefore, fitness as breeding markers. Three RAPs, a trypsin inhibitor, pathogenesis-related protein and glyoxalase I were investigated as well, using RNAi gene silencing and plant transformation. Results of proteome and characterization studies are discussed. C1 [Brown, Robert L.; Cleveland, Thomas E.] ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Brown, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SRRC, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 157 EP 165 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300011 ER PT S AU Cary, JW Szerszen, L Calvo, AM AF Cary, Jeffrey W. Szerszen, Leanne Calvo, Ana M. BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Regulation of Aspergillus flavus aflatoxin biosynthesis and development SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID GENE-CLUSTER; SECONDARY METABOLISM; SCLEROTIAL PRODUCTION; SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT; MYCOTOXIN BIOSYNTHESIS; FUNGAL DEVELOPMENT; SIGNALING PATHWAY; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; FLANKING REGIONS; NATURAL-PRODUCTS AB The filamentous fungus Aspergillus flavus produces a family of potent mutagenic and carcinogenic polyketide-derived compounds collectively known as aflatoxins. These secondary metabolites contaminate a number of oilseed crops during growth of the fungus and this can result in severe negative economic and health impacts. The biosynthesis and regulation of these toxins represent one of most studied areas of all the fungal secondary metabolites. Much of the information obtained on the AF biosynthetic genes and regulation of AF biosynthesis was obtained through studies using A. flavus and A. parasiticus and also the model fungus Aspergillus nidulans that produces sterigmatocystin (ST), the penultimate precursor to AF. There has long been anecdotal evidence of a genetic linkage between production of secondary metabolites and fungal morphogenesis however the exact mechanism of this relationship was not clear. A breakthrough in the genetic mechanisms governing AF production and A. flavus development was made upon the discovery in A. nidulans of a G-protein-mediated signaling pathway that regulated both ST biosynthesis and asexual conidiation. Further studies in A. nidulans and A. flavus and also of the fungus-host plant interaction have identified a number of genetic factors that link secondary metabolism and morphological differentiation processes in A. flavus as well as filamentous fungi in general. The focus of this review is to provide an overview of research that characterized the genes involved in the biosynthesis and regulation of AF in A. flavus, how environmental and nutritional factors control expression of these genes, and the role of global regulators in AF production, fungal development and virulence. The impact of fungal whole genome sequence and microarray technology in the identification of novel genes involved in the regulation of AF production and development as well as virulence are also discussed. C1 [Cary, Jeffrey W.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. RP Cary, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. NR 108 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 183 EP 203 PG 21 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300013 ER PT S AU Busman, M Kendra, DF AF Busman, Mark Kendra, David F. BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI Fumonsins in materials related to ethanol production from corn LC-MS analysis of fumonsins in ethanol manufacture by-products SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FERMENTATION CHARACTERISTICS; CONTAMINATED GRAINS; MYCOTOXINS; FUMONISINS; SOLUBLES; QUALITY; STRATEGIES; BIODIESEL; INDUSTRY AB Recently, an expansion in utilization of corn for production of fuel ethanol has occurred in the U.S. Production of ethanol from corn leaves a starch depleted residue from the grain. This by-product of ethanol production is commonly utilized as an ingredient in livestock feed. Mycotoxins are important contaminants in the by-products from production of ethanol from corn. In the northern part of the United States fumonisins are major mycotoxins in corn. Here we present results of development of mass spectrometric methods for the determination of fumonisins in matrices associated with ethanol production from corn. C1 [Busman, Mark; Kendra, David F.] Agr Res Serv, Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Busman, M (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, Mycotoxin Res Unit, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 237 EP 246 PG 10 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300016 ER PT S AU Appell, M Maragos, CM AF Appell, Michael Maragos, Chris M. BE Appell, M Kendra, DF Trucksess, MW TI A Closer Look at Cyclodextrins in Mycotoxin Analysis SO MYCOTOXIN PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN AGRICULTURE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium Mycotoxin Prevention and Control in Agriculture CY APR 06-10, 2008 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agr & Food Chem ID ENHANCED SPECTROFLUOROMETRIC DETERMINATION; BETA-CYCLODEXTRIN; INCLUSION COMPLEXES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; AFLATOXIN; FLUORESCENCE; MEDIA AB Cyclodextrins are a class of cyclic oligosaccharides with a variety of applications, including use as - recognition components for low molecular weight molecules in methods of detection. These cycloamyloses are of special interest in mycotoxin analysis for enhancing spectroscopic properties of several mycotoxins under aqueous conditions, including aflatoxins, zearalenone, ochratoxin A, and through chemical derivatization, T-2 toxin. Spectroscopic studies and applications of cyclodextrins are frequently associated with inclusion complex formation. Theoretical modeling studies suggest cyclodextrin-mycotoxin interactions are influenced by the size and nature of the mycotoxin and favorable binding energies. The results provide a better understanding of the effectiveness and limitations of incorporating cyclodextrins into mycotoxin analysis. C1 [Appell, Michael; Maragos, Chris M.] USDA ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Appell, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 37 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6990-3 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1031 BP 293 EP 305 DI 10.1021/bk-2009-1031.ch020 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology; Mycology GA BVW21 UT WOS:000292954300020 ER PT J AU Spetich, MA Kvashnina, AE Nukhimovskya, YD Rhodes, OE AF Spetich, Martin A. Kvashnina, Anna E. Nukhimovskya, Y. D. Rhodes, Olin E., Jr. TI History, Administration, Goals, Value, and Long-Term Data of Russia's Strictly Protected Scientific Nature Reserves SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE administrative organization; climate change; history; policy; Russia; zapovednik AB One of the most comprehensive attempts at biodiversity conservation in Russia and the former Soviet Union has been the establishment of an extensive network of protected natural areas. Among all types of protected areas in Russia, zapovedniks (strictly protected scientific preserves) have been the most effective in protecting biodiversity at the ecosystem scale. Russia has 101 zapovedniks with a total area of 34.3 million ha, representing 2% of Russian territory. The mission of zapovedniks is to protect native biodiversity and ecosystem processes as well as to facilitate the study of natural ecosystem processes and functions. In this manuscript, we provide a brief history of Russian ecosystem preservation and outline the goals and administrative organization of the Russian zapovednik system as it currently functions, as well as the characteristics, problems, and values of the system. C1 [Spetich, Martin A.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. [Kvashnina, Anna E.] Denezhkin Kamen Zapovedn Sverdlovskaya Oblast, Severouralskiy Raion 624477, P Vsevolodo Bla, Russia. [Nukhimovskya, Y. D.] Severtsov Inst Evolut & Ecol, Moscow 119071, Russia. [Rhodes, Olin E., Jr.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Spetich, MA (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, POB 1270, Hot Springs, AR 71902 USA. EM mspetich@fs.fed.us NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 29 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 PG 8 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA 401BP UT WOS:000262913400009 ER PT J AU Wedge, DE Tabanca, N Sampson, BJ Werle, C Demirei, B Baser, KHC Nan, P Duan, J Liu, ZJ AF Wedge, David E. Tabanca, Nurhayat Sampson, Blair J. Werle, Christopher Demirei, Betul Baser, K. Husnu Can Nan, Peng Duan, Jia Liu, Zhijun TI Antifungal and Insecticidal Activity of two Juniperus Essential Oils SO NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Strawberry anthraenose; plant pathogens; bioautography ID COLLETOTRICHUM AB Essential oils of two Tibetan Junipers Juniperus saltuaria and J. squamata var. fargesii (Cupressaceae) were obtained by distilling dried leaves and branches using a Clevenger apparatus. Sixty-seven compounds from J saltuaria and 58 from J squamata var. fargesii were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both essential oils contained similar ratios Of four abundant monoterpenoids: 44 and 35% sabinene, 13 and 9% elemol, 8 and 7% terpinen-4-ol, and 4 and 17% alpha-pinene, respectively. These oils had antifungal activity based on a direct bioautography assay of Colletotrichum acutatum, C. fragariae, and C gloeosporioides, and insecticidal activity based on serial-time mortality bioassay of azalea lace bugs, Stephanitis pyrioides. Antifungal activity of Juniperus oils was weak when compared with commercial fungicides such as benomyl and captan. Whole Juniperus oils at quarter the dosage used against Colletotrichum species were more insecticidal than 10 mg/mL malathion, killing >= 70 - 90% adult lace bugs after 4 hours of exposure. R(f) Values Of 0.18 for J. saltuaria oil and 0.19 for J. squamata oil indicated lipophilic monoterpenes which were the putative Sources of biological activity. C1 [Wedge, David E.; Tabanca, Nurhayat] Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. [Sampson, Blair J.; Werle, Christopher] USDA ARS, So Hort Lab, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Demirei, Betul; Baser, K. Husnu Can] Anadolu Univ, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharmacognosy, TR-26470 Eskisehir, Turkey. [Nan, Peng; Duan, Jia] Fudan Univ, Sch Life Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Liu, Zhijun] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Wedge, DE (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, USDA ARS, NPURU, University, MS 38677 USA. EM dwedge@olemiss.edu RI Baser, K. Husnu Can/C-3109-2008; OI Baser, Kemal Husnu Can/0000-0003-2710-0231 NR 20 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURAL PRODUCTS INC PI WESTERVILLE PA 7963 ANDERSON PARK LN, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081 USA SN 1934-578X J9 NAT PROD COMMUN JI Nat. Prod. Commun. PY 2009 VL 4 IS 1 BP 123 EP 127 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Food Science & Technology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Food Science & Technology GA 404HD UT WOS:000263141200027 PM 19370889 ER PT J AU Gross, H Loper, JE AF Gross, Harald Loper, Joyce E. TI Genomics of secondary metabolite production by Pseudomonas spp SO NATURAL PRODUCT REPORTS LA English DT Review ID SYRINGAE PV.-SYRINGAE; BIOSYNTHETIC GENE-CLUSTER; TABTOXININE-BETA-LACTAM; NONRIBOSOMAL PEPTIDE SYNTHETASES; BIOCONTROL FLUORESCENT PSEUDOMONADS; POLYKETIDE PHYTOTOXIN CORONATINE; UNCULTIVATED BACTERIAL SYMBIONTS; IN-VITRO RECONSTITUTION; TRANSFER-RNA-SYNTHETASE; SUGAR-BEET RHIZOSPHERE AB Pseudomonas is a diverse genus of Gammaproteobacteria with more than 60 species exhibiting varied life styles in a wide range of environments, including soil, water, plant surfaces, and animals. They are well known for their ubiquity in the natural world, capacity to utilize a striking variety of organic compounds as energy sources, resistance to a wide range of medically-and agriculturally-important antimicrobial compounds, and production of a remarkable array of secondary metabolites. Here, we provide an overview of the astonishing metabolic capacity of the Pseudomonads, summarize the knowledge of secondary metabolite biosynthesis in this group of organisms, and highlight the biological significance of these compounds to the diverse life styles exhibited by Pseudomonas spp. A consistent theme throughout this discussion is the central role of genomics in natural product discovery, characterization of metabolic gene clusters and patterns of their inheritance, and illuminaton of new aspects of Pseudomonas biology. C1 [Gross, Harald] Inst Pharmaceut Biol, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. [Loper, Joyce E.] ARS, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. RP Gross, H (reprint author), Inst Pharmaceut Biol, Nussallee 6, D-53115 Bonn, Germany. EM harald.gross@uni-bonn.de; loperj@science.oregonstate.edu OI Loper, Joyce/0000-0003-3501-5969 FU USDA-CSREES [2008-35600-18770, 2006-35319-17427]; Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GR 2673/2-1] FX We are grateful to Marcella Henkels, Rachel Blumhagen, Edward Davis, and Kedy Shen for assistance in preparation of this article. We express sincere thanks to D. Mavrodi, L. Thomashow, S. Aguilera and A. Alvarez-Morales for sharing unpublished data, and to I. Paulsen, S. Lory, and B. Swingle for permission to revise figures. Research in the laboratory of J.L. is supported by USDA-CSREES projects # 2008-35600-18770 and # 2006-35319-17427. H. G. gratefully acknowledges financial support by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (GR 2673/2-1). NR 414 TC 160 Z9 165 U1 7 U2 81 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0265-0568 J9 NAT PROD REP JI Nat. Prod. Rep. PY 2009 VL 26 IS 11 BP 1408 EP 1446 DI 10.1039/b817075b PG 39 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 509LE UT WOS:000271017400004 PM 19844639 ER PT J AU Kathiresan, S Willer, CJ Peloso, GM Demissie, S Musunuru, K Schadt, EE Kaplan, L Bennett, D Li, Y Tanaka, T Voight, BF Bonnycastle, LL Jackson, AU Crawford, G Surti, A Guiducci, C Burtt, NP Parish, S Clarke, R Zelenika, D Kubalanza, KA Morken, MA Scott, LJ Stringham, HM Galan, P Swift, AJ Kuusisto, J Bergman, RN Sundvall, J Laakso, M Ferrucci, L Scheet, P Sanna, S Uda, M Yang, Q Lunetta, KL Dupuis, J de Bakker, PIW O'Donnell, CJ Chambers, JC Kooner, JS Hercberg, S Meneton, P Lakatta, EG Scuteri, A Schlessinger, D Tuomilehto, J Collins, FS Groop, L Altshuler, D Collins, R Lathrop, GM Melander, O Salomaa, V Peltonen, L Orho-Melander, M Ordovas, JM Boehnke, M Abecasis, GR Mohlke, KL Cupples, LA AF Kathiresan, Sekar Willer, Cristen J. Peloso, Gina M. Demissie, Serkalem Musunuru, Kiran Schadt, Eric E. Kaplan, Lee Bennett, Derrick Li, Yun Tanaka, Toshiko Voight, Benjamin F. Bonnycastle, Lori L. Jackson, Anne U. Crawford, Gabriel Surti, Aarti Guiducci, Candace Burtt, Noel P. Parish, Sarah Clarke, Robert Zelenika, Diana Kubalanza, Kari A. Morken, Mario A. Scott, Laura J. Stringham, Heather M. Galan, Pilar Swift, Amy J. Kuusisto, Johanna Bergman, Richard N. Sundvall, Jouko Laakso, Markku Ferrucci, Luigi Scheet, Paul Sanna, Serena Uda, Manuela Yang, Qiong Lunetta, Kathryn L. Dupuis, Josee de Bakker, Paul I. W. O'Donnell, Christopher J. Chambers, John C. Kooner, Jaspal S. Hercberg, Serge Meneton, Pierre Lakatta, Edward G. Scuteri, Angelo Schlessinger, David Tuomilehto, Jaakko Collins, Francis S. Groop, Leif Altshuler, David Collins, Rory Lathrop, G. Mark Melander, Olle Salomaa, Veikko Peltonen, Leena Orho-Melander, Marju Ordovas, Jose M. Boehnke, Michael Abecasis, Goncalo R. Mohlke, Karen L. Cupples, L. Adrienne TI Common variants at 30 loci contribute to polygenic dyslipidemia SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY-DISEASE; HEPATOCYTE NUCLEAR FACTOR-1-ALPHA; PHOSPHOLIPID TRANSFER PROTEIN; HEART-DISEASE; LDL-CHOLESTEROL; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLASMA-LIPIDS; RECEPTOR AB Blood low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglyceride levels are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. To dissect the polygenic basis of these traits, we conducted genome-wide association screens in 19,840 individuals and replication in up to 20,623 individuals. We identified 30 distinct loci associated with lipoprotein concentrations (each with P < 5 x 10(-8)), including 11 loci that reached genome-wide significance for the first time. The 11 newly defined loci include common variants associated with LDL cholesterol near ABCG8, MAFB, HNF1A and TIMD4; with HDL cholesterol near ANGPTL4, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3, HNF4A, LCAT, PLTP and TTC39B; and with triglycerides near AMAC1L2, FADS1-FADS2-FADS3 and PLTP. The proportion of individuals exceeding clinical cut points for high LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides varied according to an allelic dosage score (P < 10(-15) for each trend). These results suggest that the cumulative effect of multiple common variants contributes to polygenic dyslipidemia. C1 [Kathiresan, Sekar; Musunuru, Kiran] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kathiresan, Sekar; Musunuru, Kiran] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kathiresan, Sekar; Musunuru, Kiran; Voight, Benjamin F.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Human Genet Res, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kathiresan, Sekar; Voight, Benjamin F.; Crawford, Gabriel; Surti, Aarti; Guiducci, Candace; Burtt, Noel P.; Altshuler, David; Peltonen, Leena] Harvard & Massachusetts Inst, Broad Inst, Program Med & Populat Genet, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Kathiresan, Sekar; Peloso, Gina M.; Demissie, Serkalem; Yang, Qiong; Lunetta, Kathryn L.; Dupuis, Josee; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Cupples, L. Adrienne] NHLBI, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Kathiresan, Sekar; Peloso, Gina M.; Demissie, Serkalem; Yang, Qiong; Lunetta, Kathryn L.; Dupuis, Josee; O'Donnell, Christopher J.; Cupples, L. Adrienne] Boston Univ, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Kathiresan, Sekar; Altshuler, David] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Willer, Cristen J.; Li, Yun; Jackson, Anne U.; Scott, Laura J.; Stringham, Heather M.; Scheet, Paul; Peltonen, Leena; Boehnke, Michael; Abecasis, Goncalo R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ctr Stat Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Bonnycastle, Lori L.; Kubalanza, Kari A.; Morken, Mario A.; Swift, Amy J.; Collins, Francis S.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Schadt, Eric E.] Merck & Co Inc, Rosetta Inpharmat LLC, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Kaplan, Lee] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Weight Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Bennett, Derrick; Parish, Sarah; Clarke, Robert; Collins, Rory] Univ Oxford, Clin Trial Serv Unit, Oxford OX3 7LF, England. [Tanaka, Toshiko; Ferrucci, Luigi] NIA, Clin Res Branch, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21225 USA. [Voight, Benjamin F.; Altshuler, David] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Mol Biol, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Kubalanza, Kari A.; Morken, Mario A.; Swift, Amy J.; Collins, Francis S.] NHGRI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zelenika, Diana; Lathrop, G. Mark] Inst Genom Commissariat Energie Atom, Ctr Natl Genotypage, F-91057 Evry, France. [Galan, Pilar; Hercberg, Serge] Paris 13 SMBH, CNAM, INRA, INSERM,U557,U1125, Bobigny, France. [Kuusisto, Johanna; Laakso, Markku] Univ Kuopio, Dept Med, SF-70210 Kuopio, Finland. [Bergman, Richard N.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Sundvall, Jouko; Tuomilehto, Jaakko] Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Hlth Promot & Chron Dis Prevent, Diabet Unit, SF-00300 Helsinki, Finland. [Sanna, Serena; Uda, Manuela] CNR, Ist Neurogenet & Neurofarmacol, I-08045 Cagliari, Italy. [de Bakker, Paul I. W.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] Natl Lung & Blood Inst, NIH, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Chambers, John C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, London W2 1PG, England. [Kooner, Jaspal S.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Hammersmith Hosp, London W12 0NN, England. [Meneton, Pierre] Ctr Rech Cordeliers, INSERM, U872, F-75270 Paris 06, France. [Lakatta, Edward G.] NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, Cardiovasc Sci Lab, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Scuteri, Angelo] Ist Nazl Ricovero & Cura Anziani, Unita Operat Geriatria, I-00189 Rome, Italy. [Schlessinger, David] NIA, Genet Lab, Gerontol Res Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Groop, Leif; Orho-Melander, Marju] Lund Univ, Malmo Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Diabet & Endocrinol, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden. [Groop, Leif] Helsinki Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Helsinki 00029, Finland. [Altshuler, David] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Melander, Olle] Lund Univ, Malmo Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Sci Hypertens & Cardiovasc Dis, S-20502 Malmo, Sweden. [Peltonen, Leena] Univ Helsinki, Inst Mol Med, Helsinki 00029, Finland. [Salomaa, Veikko] Natl Publ Hlth Inst, Chron Dis Epidemiol Unit, Dept Hlth Promot & Chron Dis Prevent, SF-00300 Helsinki, Finland. [Peltonen, Leena] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer US Dept Agr, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Mohlke, Karen L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Kathiresan, S (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM skathiresan@partners.org; goncalo@umich.edu; mohlke@med.unc.edu; adrienne@bu.edu RI Abecasis, Goncalo/B-7840-2010; Altshuler, David/A-4476-2009; Voight, Benjamin/F-1775-2011; de Bakker, Paul/B-8730-2009; Yang, Qiong/G-5438-2014; OI Cupples, L. Adrienne/0000-0003-0273-7965; Abecasis, Goncalo/0000-0003-1509-1825; Dupuis, Josee/0000-0003-2871-3603; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680; Altshuler, David/0000-0002-7250-4107; de Bakker, Paul/0000-0001-7735-7858; Lunetta, Kathryn/0000-0002-9268-810X; Willer, Cristen/0000-0001-5645-4966; sanna, serena/0000-0002-3768-1749 FU British Heart Foundation; Cancer Research UK; Department of Health; Intramural NIH HHS; Medical Research Council [, MC_U137686857]; NHGRI NIH HHS [HG02651, N01HG65403, R01 HG002651, Z01 HG000024]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-54776, HL084729, K23 HL083102, K23 HL083102-03, N01-HC-25195, N01HC25195, R01 HL054776, U01 HL084729]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK062370, DK072193, P30 DK040561, P30 DK040561-13, R01 DK029867, R01 DK062370, R01 DK072193, R01 DK075030, R56 DK062370, U01 DK062370]; PHS HHS [53-K06-5-10]; Wellcome Trust [089061] NR 50 TC 747 Z9 761 U1 3 U2 53 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 56 EP 65 DI 10.1038/ng.291 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 389IE UT WOS:000262085300016 PM 19060906 ER PT J AU Bilgin, DD DeLucia, EH Clough, SJ AF Bilgin, Damla D. DeLucia, Evan H. Clough, Steven J. TI A robust plant RNA isolation method suitable for Affymetrix GeneChip analysis and quantitative real-time RT-PCR SO NATURE PROTOCOLS LA English DT Article ID ELEVATED CO2; EXPRESSION; GENES; REVEALS; DEFENSE; TISSUES AB Microarray analysis and quantitative real-time RT-PCR are the major high-throughput techniques that are used to study transcript profiles. One of the major limitations in these technologies is the isolation of large quantities of highly pure RNA from plant tissues rich in complex polysaccharides, polyphenolics and waxes. Any contamination of the isolated RNA affects the downstream applications and requires extra cleaning procedures that result in a reduced RNA yield, especially the low molecular weight molecules. The protocol presented here is suitable for isolating high yield and clean total RNA from field-grown plants. Unlike current methods, such as LiCl and TRIZOL, with this new method, the isolated RNA can be used directly for Affymetrix GeneChip labeling or real-time RT-PCR without further purification. This fast and simple protocol provides ready-to-use RNA within 4-5 h after sampling. Additionally, the protocol described here maintains the isolation of small RNA molecules, making it an ideal choice for plant RNA preparation prior to high-throughput sequencing methods to study gene expression. C1 [Clough, Steven J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, USDA ARS, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bilgin, Damla D.] Univ Illinois, Inst Genom Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [DeLucia, Evan H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Clough, SJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, USDA ARS, 1101 W Peabody Dr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM sjclough@illinois.edu RI Clough, Steven/E-6815-2011 FU Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy [DE-FG02-04ER63489]; U. S. Department of Agriculture ARS CRIS [3611-21000-018-00D] FX We thank W. M. Keck Center for Comparative and Functional Genomics staff for their expertise in Affymetrix GeneChip hybridizations and Dr Metin Bilgin for a critical reading of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Office of Science (BER), U. S. Department of Energy, Grant no. DE-FG02-04ER63489 and U. S. Department of Agriculture ARS CRIS 3611-21000-018-00D. NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1754-2189 J9 NAT PROTOC JI Nat. Protoc. PY 2009 VL 4 IS 3 BP 333 EP 340 DI 10.1038/nprot.2008.249 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 441PU UT WOS:000265782000006 PM 19229198 ER PT J AU Van den Berg, E Subbotin, SA Handoo, ZA Tiedt, LR AF Van den Berg, Esther Subbotin, Sergei A. Handoo, Zafar A. Tiedt, Louwrens R. TI Hirschmanniella kwazuna sp n. from South Africa with notes on a new record of H. spinicaudata (Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1944) Luc & Goodey, 1964 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae) and on the molecular phylogeny of Hirschmanniella Luc & Goodey, 1964 SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 18S rRNA; 28S rRNA; description; ITS rRNA; morphology; morphometrics; new species; PCR-RFLP; SEM; taxonomy ID IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCES; BARCODES AB A new species of the genus Hirschmanniella, H. kwazuna sp. n., is described from unidentified grass growing in undisturbed veldt from South Africa. Hirschmanniella kwazuna sp. n. is characterised by having a very irregular heat-relaxed body posture, body 1522-2049 mu m long, lip region low and rounded with four or five lip annuli, stylet 18-22.5 mu m long, lateral field areolated along entire body, spermatheca filled with sperm, tail with 62-81 ventral annuli narrowing to a tip bearing a ventral mucro, angular crystal-like inclusions within body cavity in most of the specimens and phasmid situated 12-24 annuli or 15-26 mu m anterior to tail tip. Males, like females, have crystal-like inclusions with the tail curved strongly dorsad in most specimens. Juveniles are similar to females. Molecular sequence analysis using the D2-D3 expansion segments of 28S, partial 18S and ITS rRNA sequences distinguished H. kwazuna sp. n. from H. loofi and other species of the genus. Hirschmanniella spinicaudata is reported from South Africa for the first time and described. Phylogenetic analyses based on analysis of the D2-D3, 18S and ITS rRNA genes are given for eight, ten and five valid and unidentified Hirschmanniella species, respectively. C1 [Van den Berg, Esther] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, Natl Collect Nematodes Biosystemat Div, ZA-0121 Queenswood, South Africa. [Subbotin, Sergei A.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Plant Pest Diagnost Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. [Subbotin, Sergei A.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Ctr Parasitol AN Severtsov, Moscow 117071, Russia. [Handoo, Zafar A.] ARS, USDA, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tiedt, Louwrens R.] North West Univ, Electron Microscopy Lab, ZA-2520 Potchefstroom, South Africa. RP Van den Berg, E (reprint author), ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, Natl Collect Nematodes Biosystemat Div, Private Bag X134, ZA-0121 Queenswood, South Africa. EM VDBergE@arc.agric.za FU NSF PEET [DEB-0731516] FX Mrs N. H. Buckley is thanked for technical assistance and Mrs S. Schroeder is thanked for collecting the samples. The authors thank Drs D. Sturhan and W. Bert for providing Hirschmanniella material for molecular study. The second author acknowledges support from NSF PEET grant DEB-0731516. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 8 U2 14 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2009 VL 11 BP 523 EP 540 DI 10.1163/138855409X12465362560430 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 489WQ UT WOS:000269456900003 ER PT J AU Zasada, IA Masler, EP Rogers, ST Halbrendt, JM AF Zasada, Inga A. Masler, Edward P. Rogers, Stephen T. Halbrendt, John M. TI Behavioural response of Meloidogyne incognita to benzyl isothiocyanate SO NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE behaviour; brassica; cover crop; isothiocyanate; nematode control; root-knot nematode ID TYLENCHULUS-SEMIPENETRANS; HETERODERA-GLYCINES; SOIL; BRASSICA; PRODUCTS; SUPPRESSION; HYDROLYSIS; MYROSINASE; ABUNDANCE; TISSUES AB The breakdown of brassicaceous plant material produces nematotoxic isothiocyanates (ITCs). However, after the incorporation of brassicaceous plant material into soil, many nematodes are likely to be exposed only to sublethal concentrations of these compounds. Although unknown, the effect of these low ITC concentrations on the behaviour of plant-parasitic nematodes could play a role in nematode suppression. To address this question, the behaviour of infective second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita was evaluated following in vitro exposure to sublethal concentrations of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC). Behaviour was qualitatively and quantitatively affected. Overall nematode activity in treatment groups scored visually, and individual nematode movement frequencies, quantified by video assay, were each significantly reduced within 2 h of exposure to 0.01 mM BITC. All responses were dose dependent. Infectivity of BITC-treated J2 of M. incognita on soybean (Glycine max) was measured directly by root staining and gall rating, and indirectly by egg production. All experiments showed significantly reduced infectivity after treatment of J2 with 0.01 mM BITC. In addition, egg production was almost completely eliminated (<5% of control) by 0.03 mM BITC. The correlation between the effect of BITC concentrations on J2 activity and infectivity was positive, with decreased J2 activity and infectivity resulting in decreased egg production. BITC concentrations that do not cause mortality significantly affect the behaviour of M. incognita J2, indicating that sublethal concentrations contribute to the overall nematode suppression by brassicaceous green manures. C1 [Zasada, Inga A.] ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Masler, Edward P.; Rogers, Stephen T.] USDA ARS, Nematol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Halbrendt, John M.] Penn State Univ, Biglerville, PA 17307 USA. RP Zasada, IA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. EM inga.zasada@ars.usda.gov NR 24 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-5545 J9 NEMATOLOGY JI Nematology PY 2009 VL 11 BP 603 EP 610 DI 10.1163/138855409X12465362560674 PG 8 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 489WQ UT WOS:000269456900009 ER PT J AU Callaway, TR Vlieghe, E Anderson, RC Edrington, TS Poole, TL Maldonado, C Nisbet, DJ AF Callaway, T. R. Vlieghe, E. Anderson, R. C. Edrington, T. S. Poole, T. L. Maldonado, C. Nisbet, D. J. BE Lewis, BS Widimsky, P Flugelman, MY Halon, DA TI Actual and future solutions for the resistance problem at the Human-Animal Interface of Resistance SO NEW APPROACHES IN CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 8TH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Congress on Coronary Artery Disease (ICCAD 2009) CY OCT 11-14, 2009 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC DE Intervention; Food-borne diseases; Pathogens ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; POSTWEANING DIARRHEA; STREPTOCOCCUS-BOVIS; FEEDLOT CATTLE; SALMONELLA; BACTERIOCINS; POPULATIONS; REDUCE; GROWTH AB Many antimicrobial resistant bacteria can and do inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of food animals. Slaughter facilities reduce the incidence of antimicrobial organisms in food, but exposure via other routes still poses a public health threat. Thus it is critical to reduce the presence of antimicrobial resistant organisms, as well as other pathogenic bacteria species from food animals on the farm, consequently improving food safety and human health. A broad range of pre-slaughter intervention strategies are currently under investigation. including direct anti-bacterial strategies and competitive enhancement strategies. ILL hi in these strategies are: competitive exclusion, probiotics, prebiotics, antibiotics, antibacterial proteins. vaccination, and bacteriophage. The parallel and simultaneous application of one or more pre-slaughter strategies can erect multiple hurdles, thus preventing entry of pathogens into the food chain. C1 [Callaway, T. R.; Anderson, R. C.; Edrington, T. S.; Poole, T. L.; Nisbet, D. J.] ARS, Feed & Food Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Callaway, TR (reprint author), ARS, Feed & Food Safety Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, USDA, 2881 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM todd.callaway@ars.usda.gov RI Widimsky, Petr/P-8088-2016 OI Widimsky, Petr/0000-0001-5686-7752 NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU MEDIMOND S R L PI 40128 BOLOGNA PA VIA MASERATI 5, 40128 BOLOGNA, 00000, ITALY BN 978-88-7587-527-5 PY 2009 BP 9 EP 15 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA BVR20 UT WOS:000292511200003 ER PT J AU McCulloh, KA Sperry, JS Meinzer, FC Lachenbruch, B Atala, C AF McCulloh, Katherine A. Sperry, John S. Meinzer, Frederick C. Lachenbruch, Barbara Atala, Cristian TI Murray's law, the 'Yarrum' optimum, and the hydraulic architecture of compound leaves SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE compound leaves; hydraulic architecture; hydraulic efficiency; leaf specific conductivity; Murray's law ID VESSELS; PLANTS; SIZE; EFFICIENCY; TRANSPORT; NETWORKS; BIOLOGY; DENSITY; SAFETY; MODELS AB There are two optima for maximizing hydraulic conductance per vasculature volume in plants. Murray's law (ML) predicts the optimal conduit taper for a fixed change in conduit number across branch ranks. The opposite, the Yarrum optimum(YO), predicts the optimal change in conduit number for a fixed taper. We derived the solution for YO and then evaluated compliance with both optima within the xylem of compound leaves, where conduits should have a minimal mechanical role. We sampled leaves from temperate ferns, and tropical and temperate angiosperms. Leaf vasculature exhibited greater agreement with ML than YO. Of the 14 comparisons in 13 species, 12 conformed to ML. The clear tendency towards ML indicates that taper is optimized for a constrained conduit number. Conduit number may be constrained by leaflet number, safety requirements, and the fact that the number of conduits is established before their diameter during development. Within a leaf, ML compliance requires leaf-specific conductivity to decrease from petiole to petiolule with the decrease in leaf area supplied. A similar scaling applied across species, indicating lower leaf-specific petiole conductivity in smaller leaves. Small leaf size should offset lower conductivity, and petiole conductance (conductivity/length) may be independent of leaf size. C1 [McCulloh, Katherine A.; Lachenbruch, Barbara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sperry, John S.] Univ Utah, Dept Biol, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, USDA, PNW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Atala, Cristian] Univ Concepcion, Dept Forestal, Unidad Acad Los Angeles, Juan Antonio Coloma 0201, Los Angeles, Chile. RP McCulloh, KA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM kate.mcculloh@oregonstate.edu RI Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012 FU NSF [99-05012, 05-44470]; MECESUP [UCO0214]; CONICYT FX The authors are deeply indebted to Osvaldo Calderon for his identification of the Panamanian species. We thank the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute for laboratory facilities and support, as well as the expertise of the Canopy Crane operators. KM thanks Diego Quesada and Mylthon Jimenez Castillo for field and linguistic assistance, and is grateful to Kathryn Irvine and Lisa Ganio for statistical advice. Comments of David Ackerly, Lawren Sack and two anonymous reviewers significantly improved the manuscript. Fred Adler of the University of Utah provided input on the derivations of ML and YO. Funding was provided by NSF grants 99-05012 to FM and 05-44470 to KM, JS, FM and BL. CA was funded by MECESUP UCO0214 and CONICYT. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 184 IS 1 BP 234 EP 244 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02950.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 490XO UT WOS:000269541600022 PM 19674329 ER PT J AU Gachomo, E Allen, JW Pfeffer, PE Govindarajulu, M Douds, DD Jin, HR Nagahashi, G Lammers, PJ Shachar-Hill, Y Bucking, H AF Gachomo, Emma Allen, James W. Pfeffer, Philip E. Govindarajulu, Manjula Douds, David D. Jin, Hairu Nagahashi, Gerald Lammers, Peter J. Shachar-Hill, Yair Buecking, Heike TI Germinating spores of Glomus intraradices can use internal and exogenous nitrogen sources for de novo biosynthesis of amino acids SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM); Glomus intraradices; glutamate dehydrogenase; nitrogen uptake; ornithine aminotransferase; presymbiotic growth; root exudates; urea cycle ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGUS; NEUROSPORA-CRASSA; EXTRARADICAL MYCELIUM; METABOLITE REPRESSION; ASPERGILLUS-NIDULANS; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; NITRATE REDUCTASE; ORGANIC MATERIAL; EXTERNAL HYPHAE; GENE-EXPRESSION AB P>Here, nitrogen (N) uptake and metabolism, and related gene expression, were analyzed in germinating spores of Glomus intraradices to examine the mechanisms and the regulation of N handling during presymbiotic growth. The uptake and incorporation of organic and inorganic N sources into free amino acids were analyzed using stable and radioactive isotope labeling followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid scintillation counting and the fungal gene expression was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). Quiescent spores store Asp, Ala and Arg and can use these internal N resources during germination. Although not required for presymbiotic growth, exogenous N can also be utilized for the de novo biosynthesis of amino acids. Ammonium and urea are more rapidly assimilated than nitrate and amino acids. Root exudates do not stimulate the uptake and utilization of exogenous ammonium, but the expression of genes encoding a putative glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), a urease accessory protein (UAP) and an ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) were stimulated by root exudates. The transcript levels of an ammonium transporter (AMT) and a glutamine synthetase (GS) were not affected. Germinating spores can make effective use of different N sources and the ability to synthesize amino acids does not limit presymbiotic growth of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) spores. C1 [Gachomo, Emma; Buecking, Heike] S Dakota State Univ, Biol & Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Allen, James W.; Shachar-Hill, Yair] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Pfeffer, Philip E.; Douds, David D.; Jin, Hairu; Nagahashi, Gerald] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Govindarajulu, Manjula; Lammers, Peter J.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Bucking, H (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Biol & Microbiol Dept, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM heike.bucking@sdstate.edu RI Shachar-Hill, Yair/B-6165-2013 OI Shachar-Hill, Yair/0000-0001-8793-5084 FU NSF-IOS [0616023, 0616016] FX We thank D. Schwartz, A. Abdul-Wakeel and E. Piotrowski for their technical assistance. This work was supported in part by NSF-IOS grants 0616023 and 0616016. NR 68 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 184 IS 2 BP 399 EP 411 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02968.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 499BA UT WOS:000270190300015 PM 19659660 ER PT J AU Dechaine, JM Burger, JC Chapman, MA Seiler, GJ Brunick, R Knapp, SJ Burke, JM AF Dechaine, Jennifer M. Burger, Jutta C. Chapman, Mark A. Seiler, Gerald J. Brunick, Robert Knapp, Steve J. Burke, John M. TI Fitness effects and genetic architecture of plant-herbivore interactions in sunflower crop-wild hybrids SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE crop-wild hybridization; Helianthus annuus (sunflower); herbivory; quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses; recombinant inbred line (RIL); selection ID QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS; LIFE-HISTORY; DOMESTICATION TRAITS; POPULATION-GENETICS; FLOWERING PHENOLOGY; SEED PREDATION; TCP DOMAIN; SELECTION; EVOLUTION AB P>Introgression of cultivar alleles into wild plant populations via crop-wild hybridization is primarily governed by their fitness effects as well as those of linked loci. The fitness of crop-wild hybrids is often dependent on environmental factors, but less is understood about how aspects of the environment affect individual cultivar alleles. This study investigated the effects of naturally occurring herbivory on patterns of phenotypic selection and the genetic architecture of plant-herbivore interactions in an experimental sunflower crop-wild hybrid population in two locales. Phenotypic selection analyses suggested that cultivar alleles conferring increased size were generally favored, but at one site cultivar-like flowering time was favored only if three types of herbivory were included in the selection model. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping identified three regions in which the cultivar allele conferred a selective advantage for a number of co-localized traits. Quantitative trait loci for several measures of insect herbivory were detected and, although the cultivar allele increased herbivory damage at the majority of these QTLs, they rarely colocalized with advantageous cultivar alleles for morphological traits. These results suggest that a subset of cultivar traits/alleles are advantageous in natural environments but that herbivory may mitigate the selective advantage of some cultivar alleles. C1 [Dechaine, Jennifer M.; Burger, Jutta C.; Chapman, Mark A.; Burke, John M.] Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Seiler, Gerald J.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Brunick, Robert] Oregon State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Knapp, Steve J.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Appl Genom Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Burke, JM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jmburke@plantbio.uga.edu RI Chapman, Mark/E-5260-2011; Burke, John/A-3502-2013 OI Chapman, Mark/0000-0002-7151-723X; Burke, John/0000-0002-1412-5539 FU USDA Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program [06-39454-17637] FX The authors thank Kristy Anderson, Anke Burger, Dieter Burger, Janet Clegg, Marjorie Olson and Richard Tran for assistance in field preparation, maintenance, data collection and harvest. Diana Pilson provided the electric fencing in NE. Several excellent laboratory assistants collected data after harvest: John Hvala, Jason Strever, Ben Craddock, Chelsea Jones and Becca Feistritzer. Eric Baack provided insight and suggestions regarding experimental design and analysis; Allison Snow, Natasha Sherman, Stephanie Pearl, and an anonymous reviewer gave useful suggestions regarding an earlier version of this manuscript. Ruth Shaw and Charlie Geyer provided extensive assistance with selection analyses using the program aster. Funding for this work was provided by a USDA Biotechnology Risk Assessment Program grant to J. Burke (06-39454-17637). NR 59 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 184 IS 4 BP 828 EP 841 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02964.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 517UP UT WOS:000271644500010 PM 19656303 ER PT J AU Mei, H Cheng, NH Zhao, J Park, S Escareno, RA Pittman, JK Hirschi, KD AF Mei, Hui Cheng, Ning Hui Zhao, Jian Park, Sunghun Escareno, Rito A. Pittman, Jon K. Hirschi, Kendal D. TI Root development under metal stress in Arabidopsis thaliana requires the H+/cation antiporter CAX4 SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Arabidopsis; cation/H+ antiporter; CAX; metal homeostasis; root development ID AUXIN TRANSPORT; CONJUGATE SENSITIVITY; ION HOMEOSTASIS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; CALCIUM; EXPRESSION; GROWTH; PLANTS; GENES; CELLS AB The Arabidopsis vacuolar CAtion eXchangers (CAXs) play a key role in mediating cation influx into the vacuole. In Arabidopsis, there are six CAX genes. However, some members are yet to be characterized fully. In this study, we show that CAX4 is expressed in the root apex and lateral root primordia, and that expression is increased when Ni2+ or Mn2+ levels are elevated or Ca2+ is depleted. Transgenic plants expressing increased levels of CAX4 display symptoms consistent with increased sequestration of Ca2+ and Cd2+ into the vacuole. When CAX4 is highly expressed in an Arabidopsis cax1 mutant line with weak vacuolar Ca2+/H+ antiport activity, a 29% increase in Ca2+/H+ antiport is measured. A cax4 loss-of-function mutant and CAX4 RNA interference lines display altered root growth in response to Cd2+, Mn2+ and auxin. The DR5::GUS auxin reporter detected reduces auxin responses in the cax4 lines. These results indicate that CAX4 is a cation/H+ antiporter that plays an important function in root growth under heavy metal stress conditions. New Phytologist (2009) 183: 95-105doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02831.x. C1 [Mei, Hui; Hirschi, Kendal D.] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Cheng, Ning Hui; Zhao, Jian; Hirschi, Kendal D.] USDA ARS, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Park, Sunghun] Kansas State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry & Recreat Resources, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Escareno, Rito A.] St Edwards Univ, Austin, TX 78704 USA. [Pittman, Jon K.] Univ Manchester, Fac Life Sci, Manchester M13 9PT, Lancs, England. RP Hirschi, KD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM kendalh@bcm.tmc.edu OI Zhao, Jian/0000-0002-4416-7334; Pittman, Jon/0000-0001-7197-1494 FU United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-6250-6001]; National Science Foundation [90344350, 0209777]; USDA-CSREES [2005-34402-17121]; Designing Foods for Health FX This work was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service under Cooperative Agreement 58-6250-6001, National Science Foundation Grants #90344350 and #0209777, and USDA-CSREES #2005-34402-17121, Designing Foods for Health. NR 52 TC 28 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 16 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 183 IS 1 BP 95 EP 105 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02831.x PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 453KU UT WOS:000266610100011 PM 19368667 ER PT J AU Craine, JM Elmore, AJ Aidar, MPM Bustamante, M Dawson, TE Hobbie, EA Kahmen, A Mack, MC McLauchlan, KK Michelsen, A Nardoto, GB Pardo, LH Penuelas, J Reich, PB Schuur, EAG Stock, WD Templer, PH Virginia, RA Welker, JM Wright, IJ AF Craine, Joseph M. Elmore, Andrew J. Aidar, Marcos P. M. Bustamante, Mercedes Dawson, Todd E. Hobbie, Erik A. Kahmen, Ansgar Mack, Michelle C. McLauchlan, Kendra K. Michelsen, Anders Nardoto, Gabriela B. Pardo, Linda H. Penuelas, Josep Reich, Peter B. Schuur, Edward A. G. Stock, William D. Templer, Pamela H. Virginia, Ross A. Welker, Jeffrey M. Wright, Ian J. TI Global patterns of foliar nitrogen isotopes and their relationships with climate, mycorrhizal fungi, foliar nutrient concentrations, and nitrogen availability SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE climate; isotopes; mycorrhizal fungi; nitrogen; nitrogen availability ID NATURAL N-15 ABUNDANCE; TROPICAL RAIN-FORESTS; SOIL N; PRECIPITATION GRADIENT; NORTHERN AUSTRALIA; TEMPERATE FORESTS; DELTA-N-15 VALUES; ORGANIC NITROGEN; NATIONAL-PARK; ROOT TRAITS AB Ratios of nitrogen (N) isotopes in leaves could elucidate underlying patterns of N cycling across ecological gradients. To better understand global-scale patterns of N cycling, we compiled data on foliar N isotope ratios (delta N-15), foliar N concentrations, mycorrhizal type and climate for over 11 000 plants worldwide. Arbuscular mycorrhizal, ectomycorrhizal, and ericoid mycorrhizal plants were depleted in foliar delta N-15 by 2 parts per thousand, 3.2 parts per thousand, 5.9 parts per thousand, respectively, relative to nonmycorrhizal plants. Foliar delta N-15 increased with decreasing mean annual precipitation and with increasing mean annual temperature (MAT) across sites with MAT >= -0.5 degrees C, but was invariant with MAT across sites with MAT < -0.5 degrees C. In independent landscape-level to regional-level studies, foliar delta N-15 increased with increasing N availability; at the global scale, foliar delta N-15 increased with increasing foliar N concentrations and decreasing foliar phosphorus (P) concentrations. Together, these results suggest that warm, dry ecosystems have the highest N availability, while plants with high N concentrations, on average, occupy sites with higher N availability than plants with low N concentrations. Global-scale comparisons of other components of the N cycle are still required for better mechanistic understanding of the determinants of variation in foliar delta N-15 and ultimately global patterns in N cycling. C1 [Craine, Joseph M.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Elmore, Andrew J.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Aidar, Marcos P. M.] Inst Bot, Dept Plant Physiol & Biochem, BR-01061970 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Bustamante, Mercedes] Univ Brasilia, Dept Ecol, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Dawson, Todd E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Div Ecosyst Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dawson, Todd E.; Kahmen, Ansgar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Stable Isotope Biogeochem, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Hobbie, Erik A.] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Mack, Michelle C.; Schuur, Edward A. G.] Univ Florida, Dept Bot, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [McLauchlan, Kendra K.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geog, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Michelsen, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Terr Ecol, Inst Biol, DK-1353 Copenhagen K, Denmark. [Nardoto, Gabriela B.] Univ Sao Paulo, Lab Ecol Isotop, CENA, BR-13416000 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. [Pardo, Linda H.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. [Penuelas, Josep] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, CEAB, CREAF, CSIC,Unitat Ecofisiol, Bellaterra 08193, Spain. [Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Stock, William D.] Edith Cowan Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Ctr Ecosyst Management, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia. [Templer, Pamela H.] Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Virginia, Ross A.] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Welker, Jeffrey M.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Environm & Nat Resources Inst, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. [Wright, Ian J.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia. RP Craine, JM (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM jcraine@ksu.edu RI Elmore, Andrew/D-4341-2012; Stock, William/B-8858-2008; 黄, 宝同/E-6579-2010; Nardoto, Gabriela/J-7459-2012; Penuelas, Josep/D-9704-2011; Bustamante, Mercedes/H-7597-2015; Craine, Joseph/D-4569-2009; Aidar, Marcos/B-2212-2013; Welker, Jeffrey/C-9493-2013; Wright, Ian/G-4979-2012; Michelsen, Anders/L-5279-2014 OI Elmore, Andrew/0000-0002-9697-9457; Stock, William/0000-0003-2475-2963; Nardoto, Gabriela/0000-0001-8062-7417; Penuelas, Josep/0000-0002-7215-0150; Bustamante, Mercedes/0000-0003-1008-452X; Craine, Joseph/0000-0001-6561-3244; Wright, Ian/0000-0001-8338-9143; Michelsen, Anders/0000-0002-9541-8658 NR 69 TC 279 Z9 294 U1 32 U2 258 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 183 IS 4 BP 980 EP 992 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02917.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 482AK UT WOS:000268855300008 PM 19563444 ER PT J AU Lilleskov, EA Bruns, TD Dawson, TE Camacho, FJ AF Lilleskov, Erik A. Bruns, Thomas D. Dawson, Todd E. Camacho, Francisco J. TI Water sources and controls on water-loss rates of epigeous ectomycorrhizal fungal sporocarps during summer drought SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Amanita muscaria; Boletus edulis; ectomycorrhizal fungi; hydraulic lift; oxygen isotopes; surface : volume ratio; water loss; water sources ID HYDRAULIC LIFT; CONIFEROUS FORESTS; AMANITA-MUSCARIA; STABLE-ISOTOPES; SOIL-WATER; IN-VITRO; PLANTS; REDISTRIBUTION; MUSHROOMS; PATTERNS AB Access to deeper soil water and water- conserving traits should reduce water stress for ectomycorrhizal fungi, permitting function during drought. Here, we explored whether epigeous fruiting of ectomycorrhizal fungi during drought was facilitated by access to deep soil water, how much water was lost from sporocarps, and how sporocarp surface to volume ratios affected water- loss rates. We used oxygen stable isotope analysis of water combined with modeling of water sources used by ectomycorrhizal fungi; measured sporocarp water loss using a transient porometer, and related water loss to vapor pressure deficit (VPD) and sporocarp morphology. In drier soils sporocarps likely derived a significant portion (25-80%) of their water from deep (> 30 cm) or hydraulically lifted water. Amanita muscaria had water- loss rates over twice those of Suillus sp., Boletus edulis, Tricholoma spp. and Russula albonigra. Vapor pressure deficit was an excellent predictor of water- loss rates for individual mushrooms. Sporocarp surface to volume ratios explained much of the variation among mushrooms in the slope of VPD- water loss relationships. Access to deeper soil water might be a significant driver of ectomycorrhizal symbiotic function, sporocarp distribution, fruiting habit and morphology. Sporocarp morphology can affect water- loss rates and hence influences fungal ability to fruit during summer drought. C1 [Lilleskov, Erik A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Lilleskov, Erik A.; Bruns, Thomas D.; Camacho, Francisco J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Dawson, Todd E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Ctr Stable Isotope Biogeochem, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Lilleskov, EA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, 410 MacInnes Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM elilleskov@fs.fed.us NR 37 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 6 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 182 IS 2 BP 483 EP 494 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02775.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 425KM UT WOS:000264635400021 PM 19228297 ER PT J AU Buntgen, U Frank, D Liebhold, A Johnson, D Carrer, M Urbinati, C Grabner, M Nicolussi, K Levanic, T Esper, J AF Buentgen, Ulf Frank, David Liebhold, Andrew Johnson, Derek Carrer, Marco Urbinati, Carlo Grabner, Michael Nicolussi, Kurt Levanic, Tom Esper, Jan TI Three centuries of insect outbreaks across the European Alps SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE climate change; larch budmoth; Larix decidua; population ecology; tree rings; Zeiraphera diniana ID SPRUCE BUDWORM OUTBREAKS; TREE-RING NETWORK; BUD-MOTH CYCLE; POPULATION-CYCLES; LARCH-BUDMOTH; TIME-SERIES; TRAVELING-WAVES; REGIONAL-SCALE; TEMPERATURE; DYNAMICS AB Knowledge of the persistence of regular larch budmoth outbreaks is limited in space and time. Although dendrochronological methods have been used to reconstruct insect outbreaks, their presence may be obscured by climatic influences. More than 5000 tree-ring series from 70 larch host and 73 spruce nonhost sites within the European Alps and Tatra Mountains were compiled. Site-specific assessment of growth-climate responses and the application of six larch budmoth detection methods considering host, nonhost and instrumental time-series revealed spatiotemporal patterns of insect defoliation across the Alpine arc. Annual maps of reconstructed defoliation showed historical persistence of cyclic outbreaks at the site level, recurring c. every 8-9 yr. Larch budmoth outbreaks occurred independently of rising temperatures from the Little Ice Age until recent warmth. Although no collapse in outbreak periodicity was recorded at the local scale, synchronized Alpine-wide defoliation has ceased during recent decades. Our study demonstrates the persistence of recurring insect outbreaks during AD 1700-2000 and emphasizes that a widely distributed tree-ring network and novel analysis methods can contribute towards an understanding of the changes in outbreak amplitude, synchrony and climate dependence. C1 [Buentgen, Ulf; Frank, David; Esper, Jan] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Liebhold, Andrew] USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Johnson, Derek] Univ Louisiana, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Carrer, Marco] Univ Padua, Dip TeSAF, Treeline Ecol Res Unit, I-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy. [Urbinati, Carlo] Univ Politecn Marche, SAPROV, I-60131 Ancona, Italy. [Grabner, Michael] Univ Nat Resources & Appl Life Sci, BOKU, A-1180 Vienna, Austria. [Nicolussi, Kurt] Inst High Mt Res, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. [Levanic, Tom] Slovenian Forestry Inst, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. RP Buntgen, U (reprint author), Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, Zurcherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. EM buentgen@wsl.ch; frank@wsl.ch RI Liebhold, Andrew/C-1423-2008; Carrer, Marco/D-8727-2011; Johnson, Derek/B-6409-2012; Frank, David/C-7764-2013; buentgen, ulf/J-6952-2013; Urbinati, Carlo/A-7252-2017; OI Liebhold, Andrew/0000-0001-7427-6534; Urbinati, Carlo/0000-0003-4879-1406; CARRER, MARCO/0000-0003-1581-6259 FU University of Padova project EXTRA [CPDA071953]; European Union project MILLENNIUM [017008-GOCE]; SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation) project EURO-TRANS [200021-105663] FX M. Schmidhalter, M. Seifert and various ITRDB (International Tree Ring Data Bank; http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/treering. html) contributors provided tree- ring measurements. C. Casty made the climate data available. K. Treydte and D. Schmatz established the ALP-IMP (#01.0498-1) databank, and M. Carrer was supported by the University of Padova project EXTRA (CPDA071953). Three anonymous reviewers added valuable comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Funded by the European Union project MILLENNIUM (# 017008-GOCE) and the SNSF (Swiss National Science Foundation) project EURO-TRANS (# 200021-105663). NR 55 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 182 IS 4 BP 929 EP 941 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02825.x PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 443UO UT WOS:000265936500016 PM 19383093 ER PT J AU Fay, PA AF Fay, Philip A. TI Precipitation variability and primary productivity in water-limited ecosystems: how plants 'leverage' precipitation to 'finance' growth SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Editorial Material DE Bouteloua curtipendula; Chihuahuan desert; climate change; Dasylirion leiophyllum; grassland; Opuntia phaeacantha; plant life history; water limitation ID SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; CONSEQUENCES; RESPONSES; PULSES C1 [Fay, Philip A.] ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. RP Fay, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, Temple, TX 76502 USA. EM philip.fay@ars.usda.gov OI Fay, Philip/0000-0002-8291-6316 NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 181 IS 1 BP 5 EP 8 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02695.x PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 379LJ UT WOS:000261397400003 PM 19076713 ER PT J AU Bruns, TD Peay, KG Boynton, PJ Grubisha, LC Hynson, NA Nguyen, NH Rosenstock, NP AF Bruns, Thomas D. Peay, Kabir G. Boynton, Primrose J. Grubisha, Lisa C. Hynson, Nicole A. Nguyen, Nhu H. Rosenstock, Nicholas P. TI Inoculum potential of Rhizopogon spores increases with time over the first 4 yr of a 99-yr spore burial experiment SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE burial experiment; dormancy; ectomycorrhizal fungi; inoculation curves; Rhizopogon; spore bank; spore longevity ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; ECTOMYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; RESISTANT PROPAGULES; BIOASSAY SEEDLINGS; PRIMARY SUCCESSION; PINUS-MURICATA; FOREST; SOIL; BASIDIOSPORES; BANK AB In disturbed or pioneer settings, spores and sclerotia of ectomycorrhizal fungi serve as the necessary inoculum for establishment of ectomycorrhizal-dependent trees. Yet, little is known about the persistence of these propagules through time. Here, live field soil was inoculated with known quantities of basidiospores from four pine-associated species of Rhizopogon; these samples were then buried in retrievable containers, and pine seedling bioassays of serially diluted spore samples were used to measure spore viability. In the first 4 yr, no evidence of loss of spore viability was found in the four Rhizopogon species tested, but all four species exhibited dormancy in which a maximum of 1-8% of their spores were initially receptive to pine roots. There were some differences between species in overall inoculum potential of their spores, but all species broke dormancy at a statistically similar rate. This result provides evidence for spore dormancy in a common ectomycorrhizal genus, but it also precludes our ability to estimate the longevity of the spores accurately. Nevertheless these results, coupled with the observed patterns of Rhizopogon spore banks, suggest that at least decade-long durations are likely. As this experiment progresses, the true longevity of the spores will eventually be revealed. New Phytologist (2009) 181: 463-470doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02652.x. C1 [Bruns, Thomas D.; Nguyen, Nhu H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Boynton, Primrose J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Grubisha, Lisa C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, USDA ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Bruns, TD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM pogon@berkeley.edu OI Peay, Kabir/0000-0002-7998-7412 FU NSF [236096] FX We thank Point Reyes National Seashore for their cooperation and assistance with this work; Martin Bidartondo, Emily Bruns, Kristin Haskins, Antonio Izzo, Peter Kennedy, and Tim Szaro for assistance with setup of the experiment; and anonymous reviewers for their useful suggestions. Funding was provided by NSF grant DEB 236096 to TDB. NR 39 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 6 U2 56 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PY 2009 VL 181 IS 2 BP 463 EP 470 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02652.x PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 385DI UT WOS:000261792900020 PM 19121040 ER PT B AU Zeng, SS Zhang, L Wiggans, GR Clay, J Lacroix, R Wang, JZ Gipson, T AF Zeng, S. S. Zhang, L. Wiggans, G. R. Clay, J. Lacroix, R. Wang, J. Z. Gipson, T. BE DiAlberto, P Costa, C TI CURRENT STATUS OF COMPOSITION AND SOMATIC CELL COUNT IN MILK OF GOATS ENROLLED IN DAIRY HERD IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM IN THE UNITED STATES SO NEW RESEARCH ON LIVESTOCK SCIENCE AND DAIRY FARMING LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Goat milk; DHI; somatic cell count; milk production ID STANDARD PLATE-COUNT; SHEEP MILK; LACTATION; QUALITY; ALPINE; PARITY; STAGE; BREED AB The effects of breed, parity, stage of lactation (month), herd size, and regions/states on fat and protein content, somatic cell count (SCC) and production of milk from dairy goats enrolled in the Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) program in the United States (U.S.) in 2007 were investigated to monitor the current status of composition and SCC and to help goat producers improve their herd management and receive premiums for high quality goat milk. Statistical analysis of composite DHI data indicated that composition, SCC and production of goat milk were affected by many non-infectious factors. Marked variations (P<0.05) in fat and protein content and milk production were found among goat breeds, particularly among those non-registered goats. In the first five parities, milk fat and protein content was relatively constant, however, a sharp decline (P<0.05) was observed in parity 6. As parities increased, SCC in milk increased steadily (P<0.05). Significant differences (P<0.05) in all variables were discovered among regions. Large herds of goats tended to have lower milk fat and protein content but higher milk production and SCC than the small herds (P<0.05). The above findings suggest that it be economically imperative to consider culling goats after their fifth lactation and that year-round breeding and lactation programs be practiced, if dairy goat producers in the U.S. are to meet the Grade "A" goat milk requirements. All factors that contributed to variations in fat, protein, SCC and production of goat milk should be taken into consideration when establishing price incentive systems for goat milk. C1 [Zeng, S. S.; Zhang, L.; Wang, J. Z.; Gipson, T.] Langston Univ, E Kika de la Garza Amer Inst Goat Res, Langston, OK 73050 USA. [Zhang, L.] NE Agr Res Ctr China, Changchun 130124, Jilin, Peoples R China. [Wiggans, G. R.] USDA ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Clay, J.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27603 USA. [Lacroix, R.] AgSource Cooperat Serv, Verona, WI 53593 USA. RP Zeng, SS (reprint author), Langston Univ, E Kika de la Garza Amer Inst Goat Res, POB 1730, Langston, OK 73050 USA. EM shoushanz@yahoo.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60456-556-0 PY 2009 BP 129 EP 144 PG 16 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA BKU02 UT WOS:000269228500007 ER PT J AU Yost, MC Pote, LA Wise, DJ Dorr, BS Richardson, TD AF Yost, Marlena C. Pote, Linda A. Wise, David J. Dorr, Brian S. Richardson, Terry D. TI Biomphalaria havanensis Identified as a Potential Intermediate Host for the Digenetic Trematode Bolbophorus damnificus SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL CATFISH FINGERLINGS; MISSISSIPPI; INFECTIONS AB The digenetic trematode Bolbophorus damnificus has been associated with mortalities in commercial channel catfish Ictalurus punctants in the Mississippi Delta. In the life cycle of B. damnificus, the only confirmed first intermediate host is the ram's horn snail Planorbella trivolvis. Recently, the exotic snail Biomphalaria havanensis has been isolated in several channel catfish pond, in the Mississippi Delta. The aim of this study was to determine whether this invasive snail species could also serve as a first intermediate host in the B. damnificus life cycle. Bolbophorus damnificus ova were collected from an American white pelican Pelecanus erythrorhynchos that had been artificially infected with B. damnificus metacercariae; the ova were then introduced into an aquarium with parasite-negative B. havanensis. Bolbophorus damnificus cercariae (confirmed by polymerase chain reaction) were detected in B. havanensis 45 it after exposure to B. damnificus ova. The snails continued to shed B. damnificus cercariae throughout the 80-d postexposure examination period. Before this research, the only reported natural B. damnificus infection of snails involved P. trivolvis. This study indicates that the range of snail hosts is broader than previously suspected. A survey should be implemented to identify additional snail species that can serve as hosts for B. damnificus. Further research should determine whether B. havanensis is a natural host for B. damnificus, and if so the prevalence of B. havanensis in commercial channel catfish ponds should be assessed. C1 [Yost, Marlena C.; Pote, Linda A.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wise, David J.] Mississippi Agr & Forestry Extens Serv, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Dorr, Brian S.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Richardson, Terry D.] Univ N Alabama, Dept Biol, Florence, AL 35632 USA. RP Pote, LA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM lpote@cvm.msstate.edu OI Dorr, Brian/0000-0001-6857-8560 FU College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University; Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES); USDA [2002-38500-11805, 200235204-11678] FX The authors thank Matt Bouchard, Barbara George, and Walt Stephens for their technical assistance in sample collection. We also thank Josh Brown, Shelley Meador, and Katie Obringer for their remarkable technical assistance. Helpful comments on early drafts of the manuscript were provided by Ten-y Greenway, Michael Maul, Carla PanUska, and three anonymous reviewers. The 16S sequence data were generated and analyzed by Coen M. Adema (University of New Mexico [UNMI, Albuquerque), Eric S. Loker (UNM), and Randy J. DeJong (Calvin College, Grand Rapids, Michigan). This research was supported by the College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station (MAFES), USDA Southern Regional Aquacullure Center through Grant 2002-38500-11805 and USDA National Research Initiative Grant 200235204-11678. This paper is MAFES Publication Number J- I 112 1. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1577/A07-030.1 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 421NH UT WOS:000264365100003 ER PT J AU Pearson, PR Small, BC Beecham, RV Sink, TD LaBarre, SB Minchew, CD AF Pearson, Philip R. Small, Brian C. Beecham, Rachel Venn Sink, Todd D. LaBarre, Susan B. Minchew, C. Douglas TI Effects of Loading Density on Golden Shiner Survival during and after Hauling SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID CHANNEL CATFISH; STRESS-RESPONSE; PLASMA-CORTISOL; TRANSPORTATION; AMMONIA; FISH; DYNAMICS; SIZE AB Four hauling trips of approximately 6 It each were conducted to investigate effects of loading density on survival of golden shiners Notemigonus crysoleucas. Commercially graded golden shiners (mean weight +/- SE, 3.3 +/- 0.04 g) were transported at densities of 120, 180, and 240 g of fish/L of water in insulated hauling tanks that were filled with fresh well water, chilled with unchlorinated block ice, and aerated with pure oxygen. The criterion for determining success or failure was golden shiner survival. Transportation at a given density was deemed successful if survival both at trip's end and at 18 h postdelivery was at least 99%. At all three hauling densities evaluated, survival exceeded 99% both at trip's end and at 18 h postdelivery. Furthermore, increasing loading density had no effect on whole-body cortisol concentrations, demonstrating that no significant stress response occurred. Un-ionized ammonia concentration increased with loading density (range, 0.05-0.46 mg/L) but had no effect on fish survival. Results of this study indicate that golden shiners can be successfully (>= 99% survival) transported for up to 6 h at a density of 240 g/L in well water chilled with unchlorinated block ice and aerated with pure oxygen. Higher loading densities could mitigate the effect of escalating transport cost for commercial farmers. C1 [Pearson, Philip R.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Aquaculture Syst Res Unit, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. [Small, Brian C.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Catfish Genet Res Unit, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Beecham, Rachel Venn] Mississippi Valley State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Itta Bena, MS 38941 USA. [Sink, Todd D.] Univ Arkansas, Aquaculture Fisheries Ctr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. [LaBarre, Susan B.; Minchew, C. Douglas] Mississippi State Univ, Thad Cochran Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Pearson, PR (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Aquaculture Syst Res Unit, 1200 N Univ Dr, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. EM philip.pearson@ars.usda.gov RI Small, Brian/I-3762-2012 FU USDA [6228-41630-003-00D]; U.S. Department of Education FX The authors thank James and William Saul of Harry Saul Minnow Farrn and Ronnie Anderson of Anderson Brothers Fisheries Inc. Lonoke Arkansas for their,,,, cooperation: the technical assistance of Quincy Pierce, Sharon Pearson, and Jimmie Warren is also appreciated. Mention of trade name, proprietary product, or specific equipment does not constitute a guarantee or warranty by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and does not imply approval to the exclusion of other products that may be suitable. Funding for this research was provided by USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Current Research Information System (CRIS) Project Number 6228-41630-003-00D and by a grant from the U.S. Department of Education, Title M, Mississippi Valley State University Center for Teaching and Learning. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 BP 24 EP 29 DI 10.1577/A07-105.1 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 421NH UT WOS:000264365100005 ER PT J AU Mitchell, A Darwish, A AF Mitchell, Andrew Darwish, Ahmed TI Efficacy of 6-, 12-, and 24-h Praziquantel Bath Treatments against Asian Tapeworms Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in Grass Carp SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID FISH; PARASITES; ARIZONA; RIVER AB Praziquantel is an effective anthelmintic treatment that has been used in dogs Canis lupus familiaris and cats Felis catus. It has also been used successfully against tapeworms and trematodes in fish. This study tested the efficacy of praziquantel bath treatments (6. 12, or 24 h) at various concentrations (0.187, 0.375, 0.75, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 9.0, and 12.0 mg of praziquantel/L of water) for controlling natural infestations of Asian tapeworms Bothriocephalus acheilognathi in grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella (60-100% of the fish were infested). Treatments either were given as a single application or were applied twice (3 d apart) at fish densities of 60 or 120 g/L. The objective of the study was to find a treatment that would completely eliminate Asian tapeworms from all infested fish, as a number of states now require imported fish to be completely free of this parasite. Most of the praziquantel treatments reduced the percentage containing Asian tapeworms. Single, 24-h bath treatments at praziquantel concentrations of 0.75 mg/L or higher applied to fish held at a density of 60 g/L were the only treatments that completely eliminated Asian tapeworms. Raising the fish density from 60 to 120 g/L affected treatment success: the 24-h, 0,75-mg/L praziquantel treatment at the higher fish density did not completely eliminate Asian tapeworms (prevalence = 15%). A 12-h, 1.5-mg/L praziquantel treatment applied twice to fish held at a density of 60 g/L resulted in low Asian tapeworm prevalence (3.3%). C1 [Mitchell, Andrew; Darwish, Ahmed] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. RP Mitchell, A (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM dmitchell@spa.ars.usda.gov NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 BP 30 EP 34 DI 10.1577/A07-091.1 PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 421NH UT WOS:000264365100006 ER PT J AU Green, B Perschbacher, P Ludwig, G AF Green, Bartholomew Perschbacher, Peter Ludwig, Gerald TI Effect of Using Threadfin Shad as Forage for Channel Catfish Fed Daily or Every Third Day SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS; SATIATION; GROWTH; PONDS AB We evaluated whether stocking threadfin shad Dorosoma petenense as a forage fish in multiple-batch production ponds for channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus could substitute for formulated feed when channel catfish were fed daily or every 3 d. A completely randomized design in a 2 X 2 factorial arrangement was used for the experiment, which was conducted in twelve 0.1-ha earthen ponds. Prespawn adult threadfin shad were stocked at 404 kg/ha in six of the ponds, whereas the remaining ponds received no threadfin shad. Channel catfish stockers (0.35 kg/fish) were stocked at 5,040 kg/ha. and fingerlings (28.2 g/fish) were stocked at 14,820 fish/ha. Channel catfish were fed a floating feed (32% protein) to apparent satiation daily (D; 6 ponds) or every 3 d (3D; 6 ponds). After 144 d, mean channel catfish total net yield was unaffected by the presence of threadfin shad but was significantly greater for fish in the D treatment (7,256 kg/ha) than for fish in the 3D treatment (2,431 kg/ha). Mean fish weight at harvest also was greater in the D treatment than in the 3D treatment. The amount of feed administered in the 3D treatment was 62% of that used in the D treatment, thus reducing net total yield by 66% and slowing growth in fish from the 3D treatment. Nearly 90% of stockers in the 3D treatment failed to reach market size (0.68 kg/fish) and would have required a third season to reach harvest weight. At the rate used in this experiment, stocking of threadfin shad as forage fish into channel catfish production ponds did not appear to be a viable method of substituting for formulated feed during the growing season. C1 [Green, Bartholomew; Ludwig, Gerald] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Green, Bartholomew] Univ Arkansas, USDA, Agr Res Serv, Aquaculture Syst Res Unit,Aquaculture Fisheries C, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. RP Green, B (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050,2955 Highway 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM bart.green@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 BP 46 EP 51 DI 10.1577/A07-098.1 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 421NH UT WOS:000264365100009 ER PT J AU Beecham, RV Pearson, PR LaBarre, SB Minchew, CD AF Beecham, Rachel V. Pearson, Philip R. LaBarre, Susan B. Minchew, C. Douglas TI Swimming Performance and Metabolism of Cultured Golden Shiners SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; NOTEMIGONUS-CRYSOLEUCAS; TEMPERATURE; FISHES; GOLDFISH; COST AB Swimming performance and metabolism of golden shiners Notemigonus crysolencas were examined by use of swim tunnel respirometry. The oxygen consumption and tail beat Frequency (TBF) at various swimming speeds, ail estimation of the standard metabolic rate (SMR), and the critical swimming speed (U(crit)) were determined for golden shiners that were tested in 10 groups of 5 individuals each. Oxygen consumption and TBF both increased as swimming speed increased. The mean U(crit) for the first, second, and third individual to fatigue in each group was 38.0, 41.7, and 47.2 cm/s, respectively. The SMR was estimated at 131 mg O(2).kg(-1).h(-1) for fish averaging 5.3 g. The active metabolic rate averaged 150 +/- 14 mg O(2).kg(-1).h(-1) (mean +/- SE) at 10 cm/s, increased to 163 +/- 20 mg O(2).kg(-1).h(-1) at 30 cm/s, and peaked at 177 +/- 19 mg O(2).kg(-1).h(-1) at 50 cm/s. Total aerobic cost of transport (0.36 cal.g(-1).km(-1); i.e., the metabolic cost of swimming) and net cost of transport (0.08 cal.g(-1).km(-1)) were lowest between 30 and 40 cm/s. C1 [Beecham, Rachel V.] Mississippi Valley State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Itta Bena, MS 38941 USA. [Pearson, Philip R.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Aquaculture Syst Res Unit, Pine Bluff, AR 71601 USA. [LaBarre, Susan B.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Natl Warmwater Aquaculture Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Minchew, C. Douglas] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Beecham, RV (reprint author), Mississippi Valley State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, 7254,14000 Highway 82 W, Itta Bena, MS 38941 USA. EM rvbeecham@yahoo.com NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 17 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 BP 59 EP 63 DI 10.1577/A07-079.1 PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 421NH UT WOS:000264365100011 ER PT J AU Kindschi, GA Barrows, FT AF Kindschi, Greg A. Barrows, Frederic T. TI Effects and Interaction of Phenotype and Rearing Density on Growth and Fin Erosion in Rainbow Trout SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; JUVENILE STEELHEAD; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; SUBSTRATE; HATCHERY; RACEWAYS AB Intensively reared rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that receive formulated feed frequently exhibit tom, ragged, and eroded fins. To better understand the factors affecting fin erosion, two rainbow trout phenotypes (albino and pigmented) were reined to verify reports that albino rainbow trout suffer less dorsal Fin erosion than do pigmented fish. A 12-month study was conducted to evaluate the effects of phenotype, rearing density, and the phenotype X density interaction on fin erosion. Extremes in rearing density were tested using group rearing (maximum density 200 fish/tank) and individual rearing as the treatments. To evaluate interactive effects of phenotype, rainbow trout were reared either in mixed populations (MPs) containing equal proportions of albino and pigmented fish or in separate populations (SPs) containing only albino or pigmented individuals. Group rearing treatments were each applied to three tanks at 200 first-feeding fish/tank. Fight albino and eight pigmented Fish were reared in individual rearing chambers. At 3-month intervals, Fish were measured for weight, total length, condition factor, and dorsal and pectoral fin lengths. Survival exceeded 90% in all treatments, but albino fish had lower survival than did pigmented fish in both MPs and SPs. Albino fish from MPs were significantly smaller (37 g) than MP-reared pigmented fish (77.5 g) at the end of the study. Dorsal fin index scores were greater (i.e., indicated less fin erosion) for MP-reared albino fish (7.5%) than for NP-reared pigmented fish (5.6%), but considerable erosion occurred in both phenotypes reared in MPs and SPs. Rainbow trout that were reared individually had complete dorsal fins and pectoral fins during the entire study (i.e., dorsal fin and pectoral fin indices [Fin lengths expressed as a percentage of total length] > 11%). This study demonstrates that albinism does not directly affect the occurrence or rate of dorsal fin erosion, but less fin erosion is observed in albino fish than in pigmented fish when reared in MPs. C1 [Barrows, Frederic T.] Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Kindschi, Greg A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Barrows, FT (reprint author), Agr Res Serv, USDA, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059-F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. EM rick.barrows@ars.usda.gov FU Bozeman Fish Technology Center FX We thank Russell Barabe, Kelly Kupetz, and Matt Toner for their technical assistance with the study and for helping with all aspects of fish care, water management, and data collection. We also thank Ennis National Fish Hatchery for supplying fish eggs and tile Bozeman Fish Technology Center for financial support and use of facilities for this project. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 1522-2055 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 BP 79 EP 86 DI 10.1577/A07-063.1 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 421NH UT WOS:000264365100014 ER PT J AU Chaney, RL Fellet, G Torres, R Centofanti, T Green, CE Marchiol, L AF Chaney, Rufus L. Fellet, Guido Torres, Ramon Centofanti, Tiziana Green, Carrie E. Marchiol, Luca TI Using Chelator-buffered Nutrient Solutions to Limit Ni Phytoavailability to the Ni-Hyperaccumulator Alyssum murale SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology CY JUN 16-23, 2008 CL Coll Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME HO Coll Atlantic ID HIGHER-PLANTS; NICKEL; MICRONUTRIENT AB Nickel (Ni) is essential for all plants due to its role in urease activation. Demonstration of Ni essentiality has required exceptional effort to purify nutrient solutions to remove Ni; thus, an improved technique would make study of Ni deficiency more available to diverse researchers. As part of our research on Ni hyperaccumulation by plants, we developed chelator-buffered nutrient solutions with very low buffered activity of free Ni(2+), and tested growth of Alyssum murale (Goldentuft Madwort), A. corsicum (Madwort), A. montanum (Mountain Alyssum) and Lycopersicon esculentum (Tomato). We used a modified Hoagland nutrient solution with 2 mM Mg and 1 mM Ca to simulate serpentine soil solutions. We could use hydroxyethyl-ethylene-diaminetriacetate (HEDTA) to achieve Ni(2+) activity levels as low as 10(-16) M, and cyclohexane-ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (CDTA) to supply higher activities of buffered Ni(2+) compared with HEDTA; however, we were unable to obtain proof of induced Ni-deficiency, even with urea-N supply in a 6-week growth period, apparently because seeds supplied enough Ni for growth. Yields were somewhat reduced at lower Ni activity by the end of the test period, but strong deficiency symptoms did not occur, apparently due to the supply of Ni from hyperaccumulator species seeds (contained 7000-9000 mg Ni kg(-1)). Chelator buffering supplied controlled levels of Ni(2+) for all test species; very low plant Ni levels were attained when seed Ni was low. Reaching clear and strong Ni deficiency appears to require longer growing periods, using seed with exceedingly low initial endogenous Ni, or species possessing higher Ni requirements. C1 [Chaney, Rufus L.; Centofanti, Tiziana; Green, Carrie E.] USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fellet, Guido; Marchiol, Luca] Univ Udine, Dept Agron & Environm Sci, I-33100 Udine, Italy. [Torres, Ramon] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. RP Chaney, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. EM Rufus.Chaney@ars.usda.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2009 VL 16 SI 5 BP 215 EP 222 DI 10.1656/045.016.0517 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 585GU UT WOS:000276813900017 ER PT J AU Wright, JW von Wettberg, E AF Wright, Jessica W. von Wettberg, Eric TI "Serpentinomics"-An Emerging New Field of Study SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology CY JUN 16-23, 2008 CL Coll Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME HO Coll Atlantic ID PLANT METABOLOMICS; ECOLOGISTS; STRESS AB "Serpentinomics" is an emerging field of study which has the potential to greatly advance our understanding of serpentine ecology. Several newly developing -omic fields, often using high-throughput tools developed for molecular biology, will advance the field of serpentine ecology, or, "serpentinomics." Using tools from the fields of ionomics, metabolomics, proteomics, transcriptomics and genomics, researchers will be able to address new (and old) ecological questions in powerful and creative ways. In particular, "serpentinomics" has the potential to uncover the mechanistic and genetic basis of the complexities of tolerance of and adaptation to serpentine soils, including the biochemistry of hyperaccumulation. Here we outline each of these -omic fields and describe possible applications to the field of serpentine ecology. C1 [Wright, Jessica W.] US Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [von Wettberg, Eric] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Wright, JW (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Inst Forest Genet, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, 1731 Res Pk Dr, Davis, CA 95618 USA. EM jessicawwright@fs.fed.us RI von Wettberg, Eric/C-1115-2016 OI von Wettberg, Eric/0000-0002-2724-0317 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2009 VL 16 SI 5 BP 285 EP 296 DI 10.1656/045.016.0521 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 585GU UT WOS:000276813900021 ER PT J AU Kram, P Oulehle, F Stedra, V Hruska, J Shanley, JB Minocha, R Traister, E AF Kram, Pavel Oulehle, Filip Stedra, Veronika Hruska, Jakub Shanley, James B. Minocha, Rakesh Traister, Elena TI Geoecology of a Forest Watershed Underlain by Serpentine in Central Europe SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology CY JUN 16-23, 2008 CL Coll Atlantic, Bar Harbor, ME HO Coll Atlantic ID SOIL; ACIDIFICATION; CATCHMENTS; CHEMISTRY; RECOVERY; STREAMS; AREAS AB The geoecology of a serpentinite-dominated site in the Czech Republic was investigated by rock, soil, water, and plant analyses. The 22-ha Pluhuv Bor watershed is almost entirely forested by a nearly 110-year old plantation of Picea abies (Norway Spruce) mixed with native Pinus sylvestris (Scots Pine) in the highest elevations. It is mainly underlain by serpentinite, with occassional tremolite and actinolite schists and amphibolite outcrops. Tremolite schists and especially serpentinites are characterized by extremely high concentrations of Mg, Ni, and Cr and by negligible concentrations of K, creating an unusual environment for plants. The spruce growth rate is very slow, apparently as a result of K deficiency, Mg oversupply, and Ni toxicity. Foliar Ca is in the upper part of the optimum range because schists and amphibolites are important sources of Ca to the soil exchangeable pool and vegetation. Mineral weathering and atmospheric deposition generate near-neutral magnesium-bicarbonate-sulfate streamwater with a high concentration of Ni. C1 [Kram, Pavel; Oulehle, Filip; Stedra, Veronika; Hruska, Jakub] Czech Geol Survey, Prague 11821 1, Czech Republic. [Shanley, James B.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT 05601 USA. [Minocha, Rakesh] US Forest Serv, USDA, NE Res Stn, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Traister, Elena] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Kram, P (reprint author), Czech Geol Survey, Klarov 3, Prague 11821 1, Czech Republic. EM pavel.kram@geology.cz RI Oulehle, Filip/E-8616-2011; Hruska, Jakub/G-1562-2014 OI Oulehle, Filip/0000-0003-3592-461X; NR 44 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 17 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1092-6194 J9 NORTHEAST NAT JI Northeast. Nat PY 2009 VL 16 SI 5 BP 309 EP 328 DI 10.1656/045.016.0523 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 585GU UT WOS:000276813900023 ER PT B AU Friso, S Choi, SW AF Friso, Simonetta Choi, Sang-Woon BE Choi, SW Friso, S TI Nutrients and Epigenetics Introduction SO NUTRIENTS AND EPIGENETICS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID DNA METHYLATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; CANCER; RATS; SUPPLEMENTATION; VITAMIN-B-12; DEFICIENCY; PREVENTION; EPIGENOME; DISEASE C1 [Friso, Simonetta] Univ Verona, Sch Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Friso, S (reprint author), Univ Verona, Sch Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6354-7 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 6 D2 10.1201/9781420063561 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BKK18 UT WOS:000268359800001 ER PT B AU Choi, SW Corrocher, R Friso, S AF Choi, Sang-Woon Corrocher, Roberto Friso, Simonetta BE Choi, SW Friso, S TI Nutrients and DNA methylation SO NUTRIENTS AND EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOLATE/METHYL-DEFICIENT RATS; HEPATIC FOLATE METABOLISM; GENOMIC DNA; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; CPG-ISLAND; P53 GENE; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; VITAMIN-B-12 DEFICIENCY; S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE; HISTONE DEACETYLASE C1 [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Corrocher, Roberto; Friso, Simonetta] Univ Verona, Sch Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. RP Choi, SW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 90 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6354-7 PY 2009 BP 105 EP 125 D2 10.1201/9781420063561 PG 21 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BKK18 UT WOS:000268359800005 ER PT B AU Choi, SW Friso, S AF Choi, Sang-Woon Friso, Simonetta BE Choi, SW Friso, S TI Conclusions and future perspectives SO NUTRIENTS AND EPIGENETICS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Choi, Sang-Woon] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Friso, Simonetta] Univ Verona, Sch Med, I-37100 Verona, Italy. RP Choi, SW (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4200-6354-7 PY 2009 BP 229 EP 231 DI 10.1201/9781420063561.ch10 D2 10.1201/9781420063561 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BKK18 UT WOS:000268359800010 ER PT J AU Shafer, KJ Siders, WA Johnson, LK Lukaski, HC AF Shafer, Kimberly J. Siders, William A. Johnson, LuAnn K. Lukaski, Henry C. TI Validity of segmental multiple-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis to estimate body composition of adults across a range of body mass indexes SO NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Bioelectrical impedance analysis; Body composition; Body mass index; Dual x-ray absorptiometry ID X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY; BIOIMPEDANCE ANALYSIS; CROSS-CALIBRATION; CRITERION METHODS; OBESE WOMEN; FAT; ACCURACY; OVERWEIGHT; PREVENTION; WATER AB Objective: We compared body composition estimates using an eight-electrode, segmental, multiple-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (segmental MF-BIA) and dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in a group of healthy adults with a range of body mass indexes (BMIs). Methods: Percentage of body fat (%BF), fat-free mass, and fat mass assessed by DXA and segmental MF-BIA in 132 healthy adults were classified by normal (N; 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), overweight (OW; 25-29.9 kg/m(2)), and obese (OB; 30-39.9 kg/m(2)) BMI. Results: Compared with DXA, segmental MF-BIA overestimated %BF in the OB BMI group (3.4%; P < 0.0001). MF-BIA overestimated %BF among men (0.75%; P < 0.006) and women (0.87%; P < 0.006) and underestimated it in the N BMI group (-1.56%; P < 0.0001); %BF was not different between methods in the OW BMI group. Error in %BF determined by segmental MF-BIA and DXA increased as %BF increased (r = 0.42, P < 0.0001). Waist circumference was the only significant predictor of systematic error in %BF between MF-BIA and DXA (r = 0.60, P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Eight-electrode, segmental MF-BIA is a valid method to estimate %BF in adults with BMI classified as N and OW, but not as OB. Estimation of trunk resistance with current segmental MF-BIA devices may explain the underestimation of %BF in the adults with OB BMI. Further examination of the effect of waist circumference and body fat distribution on the accuracy of BIA measurements is warranted. (C) 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Shafer, Kimberly J.; Siders, William A.; Johnson, LuAnn K.; Lukaski, Henry C.] USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. RP Lukaski, HC (reprint author), USDA, Grand Forks Human Nutr Res Ctr, Grand Forks, ND USA. EM henry.lukaski@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 60 Z9 65 U1 5 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0899-9007 J9 NUTRITION JI Nutrition PD JAN PY 2009 VL 25 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.nut.2008.07.004 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 383AH UT WOS:000261646000006 PM 18723322 ER PT J AU Zunino, SJ Storms, DH AF Zunino, Susan J. Storms, David H. TI Carnosol Delays Chemotherapy-Induced DNA Fragmentation and Morphological Changes Associated With Apoptosis in Leukemic Cells SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA; DRUG-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CHROMOSOMAL REARRANGEMENT; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; B-LINEAGE; CLEAVAGE; DEATH; CASPASE-3; RESVERATROL; ROSEMARY AB Carnosol, from the herb rosemary, has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death in high-risk pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In the present study, carnosol was tested for its ability to sensitize leukemia cells to chemotherapeutic agents. Carnosol reduced the percentage of cell death in the pre-B ALL lines SEM, RS4;11, and REH when combined with cytarabine, methotrexate, or vincristine compared to the chemotherapeutic agents alone. Analysis of DNA strand breaks by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling showed that carnosol delayed DNA cleavage in the cells when combined with chemotherapeutic drugs. Co-treatment of the cells with carnosol and chemotherapeutic drugs did not reduce mitochondrial membrane depolarization compared to the drug treatment alone. Time course analysis of caspase-3 activation by flow cytometry showed co-treatment with carnosol and drugs increased the activation of caspase-3 above that observed for the chemotherapeutic drugs alone. A lower percentage of caspase-3 positive cells progressed to an apoptotic phenotype when co-treated with carnosol and the chemotherapeutic drugs compared to drugs alone. These data show that carnosol blocks the terminal apoptotic events induced by chemotherapeutic drugs and suggest that increased dietary intake of carnosol may potentially decrease the effectiveness of some standard chemotherapy treatments used for leukemia. C1 [Zunino, Susan J.; Storms, David H.] Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Zunino, SJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, USDA, ARS, 430W Hlth Sci Dr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM susan.zunino@ars.usda.gov FU United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS [5306-51530-013-00D] FX This study was supported by the United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service CRIS Project 5306-51530-013-00D. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2009 VL 61 IS 1 BP 94 EP 102 AR PII 907263325 DI 10.1080/01635580802357360 PG 9 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 389QJ UT WOS:000262109300009 PM 19116879 ER PT J AU Mernitz, H Lian, FZ Smith, DE Meydani, SN Wang, XD AF Mernitz, Heather Lian, Fuzhi Smith, Donald E. Meydani, Simin Nikbin Wang, Xiang-Dong TI Fish Oil Supplementation Inhibits NNK-Induced Lung Carcinogenesis in the A/J Mouse SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS; CANCER-RISK; COLORECTAL-CANCER; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; DIETARY HABITS; INCREASED EXPRESSION; PANCREATIC-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER; GASTRIC-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER AB High intake of fish oil with a low omega-6 (n-6)/omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio has been suggested to protect against many chronic diseases. However, the effect of different ratios of dietary n-6 and n-3 PUFA on lung tumorigenesis has not been investigated. In this study, we examined the effect of a 4 mo dietary supplementation with corn oil (with a high n-6/n-3 ratio) and fish oil (with a low n-6/n-3 ratio) as compared with soybean oil (isocaloric control with the same n-6/n-3 ratio as the base diet) on tumor incidence and tumor prevalence in the A/J mouse model of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung carcinogenesis. We found that dietary supplementation had no effect on overall lung tumor incidence, but fish oil supplementation was able to decrease lung tumor prevalence by 78% and 80% compared to groups receiving soybean oil and corn oil supplementation, respectively. The inhibitory effect of fish oil on lung tumor prevalence was associated with increased expressions of cell cycle inhibitor p21Cip1 and lipoxygenase isoform 15-LOX in the lungs. These data suggest that fish oil with a low ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA could be beneficial in the prevention of lung carcinogenesis. C1 [Wang, Xiang-Dong] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Wang, XD (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Jean Mayer USDA, Nutr & Canc Biol Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM xiang-dong.wang@tufts.edu RI Lian, Fuzhi/F-9083-2015 OI Lian, Fuzhi/0000-0002-0733-579X FU NIH [R01CA104932]; U. S. Department of Agriculture; [581950-51000-064] FX This work was supported by NIH grant R01CA104932 and the U. S. Department of Agriculture, under agreement No. 581950- 51000-064. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the National Institute of Health and the U. S. Department of Agriculture. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0163-5581 EI 1532-7914 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2009 VL 61 IS 5 BP 663 EP 669 DI 10.1080/01635580902825589 PG 7 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 502AU UT WOS:000270427100011 PM 19838940 ER PT J AU Guo, WM Kong, E Meydani, M AF Guo, Weimin Kong, EunHee Meydani, Mohsen TI Dietary Polyphenols, Inflammation, and Cancer SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Congress on Nutrition and Cancer CY MAY 19-23, 2008 CL Antalya, TURKEY ID ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; PROSTATE-CANCER; LIFE-STYLE; AVENANTHRAMIDES; OATS; THERAPY; CHEMOPREVENTION; PROGRESSION; PREVENTION; AGENTS AB A considerable amount of evidence indicates that tumorigenesis is associated with inflammation. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), a master regulator of infection and inflammation, has been identified as a key modulator in which inflammation could develop into cancer. Dietary polyphenols have been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity partially through inhibition of NF-kappa B activation. This review summarizes the effect of polyphenols on inflammation and cancer; avenanthramides, a unique polyphenol from oats, are especially focused. C1 [Meydani, Mohsen] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kong, EunHee] Kosin Univ, Pusan, South Korea. RP Meydani, M (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Vasc Biol Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM mohsen.meydani@tufts.edu RI Guo, Weimin/B-3155-2009 OI Guo, Weimin/0000-0003-4318-7154 NR 35 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 5 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2009 VL 61 IS 6 BP 807 EP 810 DI 10.1080/01635580903285098 PG 4 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 529YZ UT WOS:000272556800009 PM 20155620 ER PT J AU Negis, Y Zingg, JM Libinaki, R Meydani, M Azzi, A AF Negis, Yesim Zingg, Jean Marc Libinaki, Roksan Meydani, Mohsen Azzi, Angelo TI Vitamin E and Cancer SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Congress on Nutrition and Cancer CY MAY 19-23, 2008 CL Antalya, TURKEY ID ALPHA-TOCOPHERYL-PHOSPHATE; OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; CELL-PROLIFERATION; GAMMA-TOCOPHEROL; GENE-EXPRESSION; WOMENS HEALTH; ASCORBIC-ACID; COLON-CANCER; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Protection by vitamin E against free radical-induced DNA mutations appears not to be an effective occurrence. On the other hand, in vitro evidence that different tocopherols slow down cell proliferation is an accepted observation. However, such an event may not be sufficient to result in beneficial clinical outcomes. Tocopheryl phosphate, a more active, natural derivative of tocopherol, endowed with prevention and therapeutic potential, represents a possible key to the understanding of the present conflict between laboratory and clinical results. C1 [Azzi, Angelo] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM,Vasc Biol Lab,Off 622, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Libinaki, Roksan] Monash Univ, Clayton, Vic, Australia. RP Azzi, A (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM,Vasc Biol Lab,Off 622, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM angelo.azzi@tufts.edu NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC-TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 2009 VL 61 IS 6 BP 875 EP 878 DI 10.1080/01635580903285197 PG 4 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 529YZ UT WOS:000272556800018 PM 20155629 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM Tai, ES AF Ordovas, Jose M. Tai, E. Shyong BE Castle, D Ries, NM TI Gene-Environment Interactions: Where are we and where should we be Going? SO NUTRITION AND GENOMICS: ISSUES OF ETHICS, LAW, REGULATION AND COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; HEALTHY CAUCASIAN POPULATION; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY-FAT INTAKE; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB This chapter examines the reasons for studying gene-environment interactions and evaluates recent reports of interactions between genes and environmental modulators in relation to cardiovascular disease and its common risk factors. Recent studies focusing on smoking, alcohol, physical activity and coffee are all observational and include relatively large sample sizes. They tend to examine a single gene and fail to address interactions with other genes as well as other correlated environmental factors. Studies examining gene-diet interactions include both observational and interventional designs, and are of smaller scale, especially those including dietary interventions. Among the reported gene-diet interactions, it is important to highlight the strengthening evidence for APOA5 as a major gene involved in triglyceride metabolism and modulated by dietary factors and the identification of APOA2 as a modulator of food intake and obesity risk. This chapter concludes that, overall, the study of gene-environment interactions is an active and much needed area of research. While technical barriers in genetic studies are being quickly overcome, the inclusion of comprehensive and reliable environmental information represents a significant shortcoming to genetic studies. Progress depends on larger study populations being included and also more comprehensive, standardized and precise approaches to capture environmental information. C1 [Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, HNRC, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Tai, E. Shyong] Singapore Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Dept Endocrinol, Singapore, Singapore. [Tai, E. Shyong] Natl Univ Singapore, Ctr Mol Epidemiol, Singapore 117548, Singapore. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, HNRC, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680; Tai, E Shyong/0000-0003-2929-8966 NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS BN 978-0-08-092082-5 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 23 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374125-7.00001-1 PG 23 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BEQ40 UT WOS:000317682200002 ER PT J AU Allan, BF Langerhans, RB Ryberg, WA Landesman, WJ Griffin, NW Katz, RS Oberle, BJ Schutzenhofer, MR Smyth, KN de St Maurice, A Clark, L Crooks, KR Hernandez, DE McLean, RG Ostfeld, RS Chase, JM AF Allan, Brian F. Langerhans, R. Brian Ryberg, Wade A. Landesman, William J. Griffin, Nicholas W. Katz, Rachael S. Oberle, Brad J. Schutzenhofer, Michele R. Smyth, Kristina N. de St. Maurice, Annabelle Clark, Larry Crooks, Kevin R. Hernandez, Daniel E. McLean, Robert G. Ostfeld, Richard S. Chase, Jonathan M. TI Ecological correlates of risk and incidence of West Nile virus in the United States SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Dilution effect; Disease ecology; Emerging infectious diseases; Ecosystem service ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; VECTOR COMPETENCE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MOSQUITOS DIPTERA; BIRD POPULATIONS; LAND-USE; BIODIVERSITY; HOST; TRANSMISSION; CULICIDAE AB West Nile virus, which was recently introduced to North America, is a mosquito-borne pathogen that infects a wide range of vertebrate hosts, including humans. Several species of birds appear to be the primary reservoir hosts, whereas other bird species, as well as other vertebrate species, can be infected but are less competent reservoirs. One hypothesis regarding the transmission dynamics of West Nile virus suggests that high bird diversity reduces West Nile virus transmission because mosquito blood-meals are distributed across a wide range of bird species, many of which have low reservoir competence. One mechanism by which this hypothesis can operate is that high-diversity bird communities might have lower community-competence, defined as the sum of the product of each species' abundance and its reservoir competence index value. Additional hypotheses posit that West Nile virus transmission will be reduced when either: (1) abundance of mosquito vectors is low; or (2) human population density is low. We assessed these hypotheses at two spatial scales: a regional scale near Saint Louis, MO, and a national scale (continental USA). We found that prevalence of West Nile virus infection in mosquito vectors and in humans increased with decreasing bird diversity and with increasing reservoir competence of the bird community. Our results suggest that conservation of avian diversity might help ameliorate the current West Nile virus epidemic in the USA C1 [Allan, Brian F.; Ryberg, Wade A.; Griffin, Nicholas W.; Oberle, Brad J.; Chase, Jonathan M.] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Langerhans, R. Brian] Harvard Univ, Dept Organism & Evolutionary Biol, Museum Comparat Zool, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Landesman, William J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. [Katz, Rachael S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27607 USA. [Schutzenhofer, Michele R.] McKendree Univ, Div Sci & Math, Lebanon, IL 62254 USA. [Smyth, Kristina N.] St Louis Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [de St. Maurice, Annabelle] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Clark, Larry; McLean, Robert G.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Crooks, Kevin R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fishery & Wildlife Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hernandez, Daniel E.] Richard Stockton Coll New Jersey, Div Nat Sci & Math, Pomona, NJ 08240 USA. [Ostfeld, Richard S.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. RP Allan, BF (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Biol, 1 Brookings Dr,Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM ballan@wustl.edu RI Langerhans, R./A-4431-2008; Rohlf, F/A-8710-2008 FU Washington University; Webster Groves Nature Study Society; Saint Louis Audubon Society FX We thank D. Allan, L. Blaustein, J. Bradford, S. Crawford, C. Frazier, P. Green, F. Keesing, T. Knight, B. McCauley, P. Morin, C. Osenberg, K. Schmidt, J. Scott, G. Storch, D. Tulloch, K. Yates, the Chase lab group, the Rutgers Center for Remote Sensing & Spatial Analysis laboratory and two anonymous reviewers for discussions, comments, and logistical support. The cooperation of numerous private land owners and public land managers made this project feasible, as did logistical support from Washington University and the Tyson Research Center. Financial support was provided by Washington University (to J.M.C.), and the Webster Groves Nature Study Society and Saint Louis Audubon Society (to B.F.A.). The authors declare that the studies described herein comply with the laws of the USA. NR 58 TC 91 Z9 94 U1 5 U2 72 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD JAN PY 2009 VL 158 IS 4 BP 699 EP 708 DI 10.1007/s00442-008-1169-9 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 382CD UT WOS:000261581700011 PM 18941794 ER PT B AU Hague, S Hinze, L Frelichowski, J AF Hague, Steve Hinze, Lori Frelichowski, James BE Vollmann, J Rajcan, I TI Cotton SO OIL CROPS SE Handbook of Plant Breeding LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM L; UPLAND COTTON; FIBER PROPERTIES; MILK-PRODUCTION; LINKAGE BLOCKS; SEED; PLANT; RESISTANCE; OIL; LEPIDOPTERA C1 [Hague, Steve] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Hinze, Lori; Frelichowski, James] ARS, Crop Germplasm Res Unit, USDA, SPARC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Hague, S (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, 2474 TAMU, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM shague@ag.tamu.edu; lori.hinze@ars.usda.gov; jfrelichowski@sparc.usda.gov OI Hinze, Lori L/0000-0003-3356-1245 NR 108 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-77593-7 J9 HANDB PLANT BREED JI Handb. Plant Breed. PY 2009 VL 4 BP 257 EP 285 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-77594-4_8 PG 29 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BMT33 UT WOS:000273526400008 ER PT B AU Auld, DL Zanotto, MD McKeon, T Morris, JB AF Auld, Dick L. Zanotto, Mauricio D. McKeon, Thomas Morris, John B. BE Vollmann, J Rajcan, I TI Castor SO OIL CROPS SE Handbook of Plant Breeding LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RICINUS-COMMUNIS L.; RICINOLEIC ACID CONTENT; DIESEL FUEL LUBRICITY; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; INHERITANCE; AGGLUTININ; DIALLEL; PLANTS; CROSS; SEEDS C1 [Auld, Dick L.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Zanotto, Mauricio D.] Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Crop Sci, BR-18603970 Botucatu, SP, Brazil. [Morris, John B.] ARS, USDA, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [McKeon, Thomas] ARS, USDA, PWA, WRRC CIU, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Auld, DL (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM dick.auld@ttu.edu; zanotto@fca.unesp.br; tmckeon@pw.usda.gov; brad.morris@ars.usda.gov NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-77593-7 J9 HANDB PLANT BREED JI Handb. Plant Breed. PY 2009 VL 4 BP 317 EP 332 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-77594-4_10 PG 16 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BMT33 UT WOS:000273526400010 ER PT B AU Dierig, D Ray, DT AF Dierig, David Ray, Dennis T. BE Vollmann, J Rajcan, I TI New Crops Breeding: Lesquerella SO OIL CROPS SE Handbook of Plant Breeding LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEED OIL; FENDLERI BRASSICACEAE; PHYSARIA BRASSICACEAE; GERMPLASM; ACID; TRAITS; REGISTRATION C1 [Dierig, David] ARS, USDA, Arid Lands Agr Res Ctr, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. [Ray, Dennis T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Plant Sci, Div Hort & Crop Sci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Dierig, D (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Arid Lands Agr Res Ctr, 21881 N Cardon Lane, Maricopa, AZ 85239 USA. EM david.dierig@ars.usda.gov; dtray@email.arizona.edu NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-77593-7 J9 HANDB PLANT BREED JI Handb. Plant Breed. PY 2009 VL 4 BP 507 EP 516 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-77594-4_18 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BMT33 UT WOS:000273526400018 ER PT B AU Gold, MV AF Gold, Mary V. BE Nelson, M Artamova, I TI ORGANIC FARMING AND MARKETING: PUBLICATIONS FROM THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE, 1977-2005 SO ORGANIC FARMING: METHODS, ECONOMICS AND STRUCTURE LA English DT Bibliography; Book Chapter C1 ARS, Alternat Farming Syst Informat Ctr, Natl Agr Lib, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Gold, MV (reprint author), ARS, Alternat Farming Syst Informat Ctr, Natl Agr Lib, USDA, 10301 Baltimore Ave,Room 132, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM mgold@nal.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-864-6 PY 2009 BP 245 EP 264 PG 20 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BMD51 UT WOS:000271928600011 ER PT B AU Anderson, RL AF Anderson, Randy L. BE Lichtfouse, E TI Rotation Design: A Critical Factor for Sustainable Crop Production in a Semiarid Climate: A Review SO ORGANIC FARMING, PEST CONTROL AND REMEDIATION OF SOIL POLLUTANTS SE Sustainable Agriculture Reviews LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Soil restoration; Crop diversity; No-till; Resource-use-efficiency ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE SYSTEMS; SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; NO-TILL; PEST-MANAGEMENT; SOUTH-DAKOTA; PRECIPITATION; NITROGEN; MATTER; FALLOW AB The concept of "fallow" has been a prominent management tactic in semiarid regions of the world, enabling producers to compensate for low precipitation. However, fallow phases lead to soil degradation. For example, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-fallow with tillage has been used for decades in the semiarid steppe of the United States; organic matter levels in soils have declined almost 60%. Thus, producers in this region are concerned about the future sustainability of this rotation. No-till practices, however, improve water relations such that more crops can be added to the winter wheat-fallow rotation. This change in cropping patterns has led producers to seek cropping systems that are economically viable, restore soil health, improve resource-use-efficiency, and reduce the need for external inputs such as pesticides and fertilizers. Long-term rotation studies in the steppe show that continuous cropping with no-till can accrue these four goals. However, with water supply often being limiting, rotation design is critical for success with continuous cropping. Designing rotations in a cycle-of-four with a diversity of crops, increases net returns four-fold while reducing the cost of weed management 50% compared with conventional systems. Continuous cropping for 12 years increased soil organic carbon by 37% and nitrogen by 20% in the top 5 cm of soil, and also improved soil porosity and aggregate stability. Consequently, soil productivity has increased two-fold. Also, the cycle-of-four design provides a crop niche for legumes in this semiarid climate, which further enhances soil function. Some crops improve water-use-efficiency of the following crops by 20-35%, thus ameliorating the impact of low precipitation. Continuous cropping with no-till has initiated a spiral of soil regeneration. C1 USDA, Brookings, SD USA. RP Anderson, RL (reprint author), USDA, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD USA. EM randy.anderson@ars.usda.gov NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4020-9653-2 J9 SUSTAIN AGR REV JI Sustain. Agric. Rev. PY 2009 VL 1 BP 107 EP 121 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-9654-9_7 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-9654-9 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BMB91 UT WOS:000271804000007 ER PT J AU Hayat, M Schroer, S Pemberton, RW AF Hayat, Mohammad Schroer, Sibylle Pemberton, Robert W. TI A NEW SPECIES OF COCCOPHAGUS (HYMENOPTERA: APHELINIDAE), A PARASITOID OF LAC INSECTS (HEMIPTERA: KERRIIDAE) IN INDONESIA AND MALAYSIA SO ORIENTAL INSECTS LA English DT Article DE Coccophagus euxanthodes; Aphelinidae; new species; lac insect parasitoid; Indonesia and Malaysia AB A new species of aphelinid Coccophagus euxanthodes (Chalcidoidea) from the specimens collected on the lac insects, Paratachardina sp. and Tachardina sp. from Indonesia and Malaysia is described. C1 [Hayat, Mohammad] Aligarh Muslim Univ, Dept Zool, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Schroer, Sibylle] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Pemberton, Robert W.] ARS, Invas Plant Res Lab, USDA, Davie, FL 33314 USA. RP Hayat, M (reprint author), Aligarh Muslim Univ, Dept Zool, Aligarh 202002, Uttar Pradesh, India. EM mohd_hayat@rediffmail.com FU South Florida Water Management District; USDA-APHIS; Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi; Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi; National Coordinator of the Network FX We thank Dr. Amporn Winotai (Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand), Dr. H. Liu (University of Florida, USA), P. Tirtarahardja and E. Yutaka for field work. Further we acknowledge the financial support by the South Florida Water Management District and the USDA-APHIS. The first author is thankful to the Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, and Dr. V.V. Ramamurthy (Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi), the National Coordinator of the Network Project on Insect Biosystematics for financial assistance. The authorities of the Aligarh Muslim University and the Chairman of the Department of Zoology, AMU are thanked for the facilities. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOCIATED PUBLISHERS PI GAINESVILLE PA PO BOX 358102, GAINESVILLE, FL 32635-8102 USA SN 0030-5316 J9 ORIENT INSECTS JI Orient. Insects PY 2009 VL 43 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 667PQ UT WOS:000283206500012 ER PT J AU Wolfe, JD Chandler, RB King, DI AF Wolfe, Jared D. Chandler, Richard B. King, David I. TI MOLT PATTERNS, AGE, AND SEX CRITERIA FOR SELECTED HIGHLAND COSTA RICAN RESIDENT LANDBIRDS SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL LA English DT Article DE Costa Rica; Cordillera de Tilaran; highland birds; age-related plumage; sex-related plumage; molt ID SURVIVAL; BIRDS; LANDSCAPE; FOREST C1 [Wolfe, Jared D.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Wolfe, Jared D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Chandler, Richard B.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Nat Resources Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [King, David I.] Univ Massachusetts, No Res Stn, USDA, US Forest Serv, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Wolfe, JD (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Wildlife, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. EM jdw21@humboldt.edu RI Chandler, Richard/D-8831-2014; Chandler, Richard/F-9702-2016 NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CTR PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA 30602-2152 USA SN 1075-4377 J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP. PY 2009 VL 20 IS 3 BP 451 EP 459 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA 494YD UT WOS:000269854800013 ER PT J AU Ceglia, L Harris, SS Rasmussen, HM Dawson-Hughes, B AF Ceglia, L. Harris, S. S. Rasmussen, H. M. Dawson-Hughes, B. TI Activation of the calcium sensing receptor stimulates gastrin and gastric acid secretion in healthy participants SO OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Calcimimetic; Calcium sensing receptor; Gastric acid; Gastrin ID PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; CALCIMIMETIC AGENT; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; CINACALCET; CARBONATE; CELLS; ABSORPTION; HEMODIALYSIS; MAGNESIUM; MODULATOR AB In 17 adults on a fixed metabolic diet, an 11-day course of cinacalcet increased serum gastrin and basal gastric acid output, but not maximal gastric acid output, compared with a placebo. These findings indicate that the calcium sensor receptor plays a role in the regulation of gastric acid. Introduction Gastric acid secretion is a complex process regulated by neuronal and hormonal pathways. Ex vivo studies in human gastric tissues indicate that the calcium sensing receptor (CaR), expressed on the surface of G and parietal cells, may be involved in this regulation. We sought to determine whether cinacalcet, a CaR allosteric agonist, increases serum gastrin and gastric acid secretion. Methods Seventeen healthy adults with normal gastric acid output were placed on an 18-day metabolic diet. On day 8 (baseline), participants were given cinacalcet (15 then 30 mg/day) or placebo for 11 days. Changes in gastric acid output, serum gastrin, and other measures were compared in the two groups. Results Changes in serum gastrin and basal acid output (adjusted for baseline body weight) were significantly more positive in the cinacalcet group compared with placebo (P=0.004 and P=0.039 respectively). Change in maximal acid output was similar in the two groups (P=0.995). As expected, cinacalcet produced significant decreases in serum PTH (P<0.001) and ionized calcium levels (P=0.032), and increases in serum phosphorus levels (P=0.001)and urinary calcium (P=0.023). Conclusions This study provides in vivo evidence that activation of the CaR increases serum gastrin levels and basal gastric acid secretion in healthy adults. C1 [Ceglia, L.; Harris, S. S.; Rasmussen, H. M.; Dawson-Hughes, B.] Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ceglia, L (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM lisa.ceglia@tufts.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007651-16, T32 DK007651] NR 34 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI ARTINGTON PA ASHBOURNE HOUSE, THE GUILDWAY, OLD PORTSMOUTH ROAD, ARTINGTON GU3 1LP, GUILDFORD, ENGLAND SN 0937-941X J9 OSTEOPOROSIS INT JI Osteoporosis Int. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 20 IS 1 BP 71 EP 78 DI 10.1007/s00198-008-0637-8 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 376MH UT WOS:000261187200009 PM 18536954 ER PT J AU Ewel, KC Rowe, S McNaughton, B Bonine, KH AF Ewel, Katherine C. Rowe, Stacy McNaughton, Blake Bonine, Kimberly H. TI Characteristics of Scylla spp. (Decapoda: Portunidae) and Their Mangrove Forest Habitat in Ngaremeduu Bay, Republic of Palau SO PACIFIC SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID SERRATA FORSKAL; MARK-RECAPTURE; SOUTH-AFRICA; MUD CRAB; CRUSTACEA; ABUNDANCE; PARAMAMOSAIN; ESTUARIES; MATURITY; FISHERY AB Three species of mangrove crabs (Scylla spp.) were captured in live traps in Ngaremeduu Bay on the island of Babeldaob, Republic of Palau. Most were S. serrata, but one individual each of S. olivacea and S. paramamosain was also trapped, establishing existence of a biogeographic gradient in mangrove crab species diversity across the Micronesian archipelago. Species composition of mangrove trees along transects around the bay and along the three major tributaries was similar to that of other Micronesian islands, although trees are smaller in Palau. For 17 months in 1999-2000, crabs were trapped in the bay and captured by hand along the transects; they were trapped again for I month in 2004. Characteristics of the crabs and of burrows encountered along the transects suggested that only S. serrata was captured in 1999-2000 and that population density of this species was 40 crabs ha(-1). Carapace widths for the 159 crabs captured during the entire study did not differ significantly over the 4-yr span, and averaged 153 turn for males and 137 mm for females. However, average carapace widths for the largest quartile of crabs declined significantly from 174 mm to 171 mm across the study period. Catch per unit effort was 0.28 crab per trap night in 1999-2000 and 0.45 in 2004. Although large crabs are still available in Ngaremeduu Bay, current regulations may not be sufficient to keep populations from decreasing gradually in size, especially in the face of increasing harvest pressure on the island of Babeldaob. C1 [Ewel, Katherine C.] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. [Bonine, Kimberly H.] Stanford Univ, Inst Int Studies, Ctr Environm Sci & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Ewel, KC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM kewel@ufl.edu FU John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation [97-49885A-WER] FX Participation of K.M.B. was made Possible by a grant from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (no. 97-49885A-WER; B. Singer, R. Naylor, K. Ewel, and S. Abraham, principal investigators). The work performed in this Study complied with the current laws of the Republic of Pilau. Manuscript accepted 28 November 2007. NR 34 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS PI HONOLULU PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA SN 0030-8870 EI 1534-6188 J9 PAC SCI JI Pac. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 15 EP 26 DI 10.2984/1534-6188(2009)63[15:COSSDP]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA 361YQ UT WOS:000260164500002 ER PT J AU Jones, GD Greenberg, SM AF Jones, Gretchen D. Greenberg, Shoil M. TI COTTON POLLEN RETENTION IN BOLL WEEVILS: A LABORATORY EXPERIMENT SO PALYNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE boll weevil; pollen longevity; cotton ID CORN-EARWORM LEPIDOPTERA; NORTHEASTERN MEXICO; HOST PLANTS; FORAGING RESOURCES; NOCTUIDAE MOTHS; ZEA LEPIDOPTERA; COLEOPTERA; CURCULIONIDAE; HYMENOPTERA; MIGRATION AB Cotton pollen is thought to exist in the gut of boll weevils for at least 24 hours. Because finding whole or broken cotton pollen grains are valuable clues in determining when boll weevils were living in cotton, the retention of cotton pollen in the gut of the weevil was examined. Boll weevils were fed cotton buds, cotton flowers, and water for five days, then they were placed into cleaned cages without any food. However they were allowed to drink water freely. Weevils were examined at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours after the buds and flowers were removed. One hundred weevils were dissected at each time interval, and each gut was placed onto a glass slide. Light microscopy was used to determine the presence or absence of cotton pollen. More weevils (63%) at 0 hours contained pollen than weevils at any other interval. Whole pollen grains were not found in weevils after 24 hours. The 120 hour interval contained a single weevil with pollen. In the laboratory test, whole cotton pollen grains indicated that feeding on cotton occurred within 24 hours. When only halves and fragments of pollen were found,cotton feeding occurred 48-120 hours earlier. Additionally, when six or more cotton pollen grains were found in a weevil, it had fed on cotton within 24 hours. This information narrows the boll weevil dispersal times and distances from cotton fields and over-wintering areas. C1 [Jones, Gretchen D.] ARS, USDA, APMRU, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Greenberg, Shoil M.] ARS, USDA, IFNRRU, Weslaco, TX 78596 USA. RP Jones, GD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, APMRU, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM g-jones@tamu.edu NR 62 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC STRATIGRAPHIC PALYNOLOGISTS FOUNDATION PI COLLEGE STATION PA C/O VAUGHN M BRYANT, JR, PALNOLOGY LABORATORY, TEXAS A & M UNIV, COLLEGE STATION, TX 77843-4352, UNITED STATES SN 0191-6122 J9 PALYNOLOGY JI Palynology PY 2009 VL 33 BP 157 EP 165 PN 1 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology GA 551JJ UT WOS:000274203800008 ER PT J AU Hotchkiss, A Rastall, R Gibson, G Eliaz, I Liu, LS Fishman, M AF Hotchkiss, A. Rastall, R. Gibson, G. Eliaz, I. Liu, L. S. Fishman, M. BE Schols, HA Visser, RGF Voragen, AGJ TI New bioactive and biobased product applications of pectin SO PECTINS AND PECTINASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE pectic oligosaccharides; bioactive; biobased product ID MODIFIED CITRUS PECTIN; IN-VITRO EVALUATION; SUGAR-BEET PULP; POLY(LACTIC ACID); PROSTATE-CANCER; RHAMNOGALACTURONAN-II; DRUG-DELIVERY; PLANT-CELL; OLIGOSACCHARIDES; POLYSACCHARIDES AB Pectin is well known for its bioactive health-promoting properties and use in biobased products. Recent reports have demonstrated that pectin and pectic fractions have potential as prebiotics, prevent pathogenic bacterial adhesion, increase prostate specific antigen doubling time in patients with recurrent prostate cancer, induce apoptosis in prostate and colon cancer cells, and systemically chelate heavy metals which are eliminated by urinary excretion. New biobased product applications include bioplastics and films derived from pectin or pectin-rich aricultural residues such as sugar beet pulp. Pectin has also been used in scaffolds for bone and connective tissue repair and controlled-release matrices for colon-specific drug delivery. While the biobased product applications of pectin require high molecular weight, the new bioactive properties of pectin are enhanced or only observed following reduction of the polysaccharide's molecular weight. C1 [Hotchkiss, A.; Liu, L. S.; Fishman, M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Rastall, R.; Gibson, G.] Univ Reading, Sch Food Biosci, Reading RG6 6AP, Berks, England. [Eliaz, I.] Amitabha Med Clin & Healing Ctr, Sebastapol, CA 95472 USA. RP Hotchkiss, A (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU WAGENINGEN ACAD PUBL PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-8686-677-9 PY 2009 BP 305 EP 312 D2 10.3920/978-90-8686-677-9 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology SC Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology GA BFW70 UT WOS:000321697600022 ER PT S AU Fritz, BK Hoffmann, WC AF Fritz, Bradley K. Hoffmann, W. Clint BE Rohde, A Martin, C Otis, G TI Collection Efficiencies of Various Airborne Spray Flux Samplers Used in Aerial Application Research SO PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 28TH VOLUME: GLOBAL TRENDS AND REGULATORY DRIVERS IN THE CROP PROTECTION INDUSTRY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th Symposium on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems CY OCT 30-NOV 01, 2007 CL Tampa, FL SP ASTM Int Comm E35 Pesticides & Alternat Control Agents, Com E35 22 Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst ID ROTATING ARM COLLECTOR; DRIFT; DEPOSITION; ORCHARD AB A low air speed, spray dispersion tunnel was constructed and used to evaluate the collection efficiency of passive spray flux collectors. The dispersion tunnel utilizes an air-assisted nozzle to generate a spray cloud with a D(v0.5) of 18.5 (+/- 0.4) mu m at air speeds ranging from 0.4-4.0 m/s. A sampling protocol was developed to minimize spray flux and air speed variation effects while providing a check on theoretical collection efficiency calculations. A soda straw and monofilament line was placed on either side of a nylon screen cylinder collector, and all three were positioned in the center of the tunnel's cross-sectional area. Twelve replicated trials were conducted at air speeds of 0.4, 1.3, 2, and 3.8 m/s. Droplet size was measured every replication using a Sympatec HELOS laser diffraction system. Using theoretical collection efficiencies for cylinders and the measured fractional droplet size, the actual flux was estimated from the volume of spray collected on the soda straw and monofilament samplers and used to determine the collection efficiency of the nylon screen cylinder. Collection efficiency increased with air speed for all collectors and results ranged from 5 to 40 % for the soda straws, 46 to 83 % for the monofilament line, and 9 to 98 % for the nylon screen cylinders. Collection efficiency data are crucial to the evaluation of field collected data from aerial application research studies with respect to mass accountability and comparisons to other studies and drift model results. C1 [Fritz, Bradley K.; Hoffmann, W. Clint] ARS, USDA, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. RP Fritz, BK (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 2771 F&B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 978-0-8031-5523-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2009 VL 1507 BP 75 EP 88 DI 10.1520/JAI101493 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BOE35 UT WOS:000276376100006 ER PT S AU Yu, Y Zhu, H Ozkan, HE AF Yu, Y. Zhu, H. Ozkan, H. E. BE Rohde, A Martin, C Otis, G TI Evaporation of Pesticide Droplets on Surfaces Under Various Relative Humidity Conditions SO PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 28TH VOLUME: GLOBAL TRENDS AND REGULATORY DRIVERS IN THE CROP PROTECTION INDUSTRY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th Symposium on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems CY OCT 30-NOV 01, 2007 CL Tampa, FL SP ASTM Int Comm E35 Pesticides & Alternat Control Agents, Com E35 22 Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst DE evaporation time; droplet size; pesticide formulation; surfactant; drift retardant; spray efficiency ID EFFICACY AB It is important to understand the evaporation process of pesticide droplets on targets for increasing the efficiency and efficacy of foliar applied insecticide and fungicide spray applications. Evaporation characteristics of five droplet sizes (246, 343, 575, 762, and 886 mu m) under three relative humidity (RH) conditions (30, 60, and 90 %) were studied in a laboratory. Sequential images of evaporating droplets placed inside a small environmentally controlled chamber were obtained using a stereoscope for determination of droplet evaporation time and residual patterns. The spray mixtures included different combinations of water, a nonionic colloidal polymer drift retardant, an alkyl polyoxyethylene surfactant, and an insecticide. The droplet evaporation was investigated on the surfaces of hydrophilic and hydrophobic glass slides which represented ideal non-waxy and waxy leaf surfaces, respectively. Among the spray mixtures investigated, the droplets containing the drift retardant had the longest evaporation time, and the droplets containing the surfactant had the shortest evaporation time after these additives were added into insecticide mixtures. The mean evaporation time of 246, 343, 575, 762, and 886 pm droplets containing water and the insecticide without additives at 60 % RH on the hydrophilic surface were 43, 77, 133, 226, and 384 s, respectively. The mean evaporation times of the same size droplets containing the same insecticide but mixed with the surfactant were 26, 47, 77, 156, and 251 s, respectively. The evaporation time of 575 pm droplets containing the drift retardant at 60% RH increased from 159 s to 224 s when the deposition surface changed from the hydrophilic slide to the hydrophobic slide. The evaporation time of droplets greatly increased as RH increased, and also increased exponentially as the droplet size increased. Therefore, spray additives, target surface fine structure and RH greatly influenced the evaporation time of spray droplets. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 978-0-8031-5523-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2009 VL 1507 BP 89 EP 100 DI 10.1520/JAI101491 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BOE35 UT WOS:000276376100007 ER PT S AU Sojka, RE Lehrsch, GA Kostka, SJ Reed, JL Koehn, AC Foerster, JA AF Sojka, R. E. Lehrsch, G. A. Kostka, S. J. Reed, J. L. Koehn, A. C. Foerster, J. A. BE Rohde, A Martin, C Otis, G TI Soil Water Measurements Relevant to Agronomic and Environmental Functions of Chemically Treated Soil SO PESTICIDE FORMULATIONS AND DELIVERY SYSTEMS, 28TH VOLUME: GLOBAL TRENDS AND REGULATORY DRIVERS IN THE CROP PROTECTION INDUSTRY SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 28th Symposium on Pesticide Formulations and Delivery Systems CY OCT 30-NOV 01, 2007 CL Tampa, FL SP ASTM Int Comm E35 Pesticides & Alternat Control Agents, Com E35 22 Pesticide Formulat & Delivery Syst DE water potential; infiltration; hydraulic conductivity; miscible displacement; psychrometer; tensiometer; TDR; neutron attenuation; surface seal ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; MEASUREMENT ACCURACY; TENSILE-STRENGTH; SANDY SOILS; CLAY SOIL; REPELLENCY; INFILTRATION; IRRIGATION; TRANSPORT; METHODOLOGY AB Modern agricultural, turf, and landscape management routinely apply and depend upon chemical applications to optimize system function for specific outcomes. The effectiveness of these applied chemicals to achieve desired outcomes usually depends upon their interaction with and transport by water. To fully and accurately assess the role of water as a chemical delivery and activation system requires a good understanding of how the applied chemicals, soil, and water interact, the scale at which a phenomenon is important, the nature of soil variability, and which of the three dominant soil water properties (content, movement, or potential energy) is most suited to assessing water's role. The science of this assessment process is extensive and its literature is voluminous. For the uninitiated, however, it is worth being aware at least of the basics of soil water assessment and where some of the pitfalls lie. This presentation describes soil as a three-phase system (solids, liquid, and gases) and highlights some of the key measurements and measurement considerations necessary to appropriately characterize treatment efficacy for specific, and especially, non-intuitive effects. The presentation cannot be comprehensive or substitute for requisite university-level courses in soil physics and soil chemistry, but can, perhaps, alert applicators to situations and considerations that demand more than mere cursory assessment for proper evaluation and interpretation. C1 [Sojka, R. E.; Lehrsch, G. A.; Reed, J. L.; Koehn, A. C.; Foerster, J. A.] ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. RP Sojka, RE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NW Irrigat & Soils Res Lab, 3793N-3600E, Kimberly, ID 83341 USA. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOCIETY TESTING AND MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 1040-1695 BN 978-0-8031-5523-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2009 VL 1507 BP 117 EP 144 DI 10.1520/JAI101497 PG 28 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA BOE35 UT WOS:000276376100009 ER PT S AU Peterson, CJ Stout, D AF Peterson, Chris J. Stout, Dan, II BE Peterson, CJ Stout, DM TI The Chemistry of Household, Structural and Residential Insect Management SO PESTICIDES IN HOUSEHOLD, STRUCTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL PEST MANAGEMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Chris J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Unit, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Stout, Dan, II] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Durham, NC 27711 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Unit, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6967-5 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1015 BP 1 EP 3 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BOU17 UT WOS:000277616100001 ER PT S AU Paluch, GE Zhu, JW Bartholomay, L Coats, JR AF Paluch, Gretchen E. Zhu, Junwei Bartholomay, Lyric Coats, Joel R. BE Peterson, CJ Stout, DM TI Amyris and Siam-wood Essential Oils: Insect Activity of Sesquiterpenes SO PESTICIDES IN HOUSEHOLD, STRUCTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL PEST MANAGEMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SANDALWOOD ESSENTIAL OILS; REPELLENT ACTIVITY; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; JAPONICA; AEDES AB Recent investigations on the sesquiterpene-rich Amyris (Amyris balsamijera L.) and Siam-wood (Fokienia hodginsii L.) essential oils revealed significant arthropod repellency and toxicity responses. Amyris essential oil and one of its major components, elemol, were evaluated in laboratory bioassays and identified as effective mosquito repellents, specifically characterized by high levels of contact and minimal spatial repellency. Mosquito responses to catnip (Nepeta cataria L.) essential oil are characterized with high spatial activity, but lack significant contact repellency. Sampling within the static-air bioassay chamber with solid-phase microextraction provided measurements of the relative concentration and distribution of volatiles. These results supported the differences observed in repellency between essential oil treatments. Essential oil mixtures containing both spatial (catnip) and contact (Amyris) repellents were made and showed high levels of residual control via both modes of action. Siam-wood essential oil scored high in both spatial and contact efficacy against mosquitoes. Observations during this study included signs of toxicity. Two of the primary components of Siam-wood essential oil were tested for 24-hour house fly (Musca domestica L.) topical mortality. Transnerolidol and fokienol were found to possess similar insecticidal activity (topical LD(50) values ranged from 0.17-0.21 mu mol/fly). Amyris essential oil was selected for additional testing with brown dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille) in a 'barrier' repellency assay. Individuals were observed repeatedly avoiding and moving away from surfaces treated with Amyris essential oil. C1 [Paluch, Gretchen E.; Bartholomay, Lyric; Coats, Joel R.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Zhu, Junwei] Univ Nebraska, ARS, USDA, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP Paluch, GE (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6967-5 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1015 BP 5 EP 18 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BOU17 UT WOS:000277616100002 ER PT S AU Shelton, TG AF Shelton, Thomas G. BE Peterson, CJ Stout, DM TI Colony differences in termiticide transfer studies, a role for behavior? SO PESTICIDES IN HOUSEHOLD, STRUCTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL PEST MANAGEMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES ISOPTERA; FORMOSANUS SHIRAKI ISOPTERA; DIVISION-OF-LABOR; COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS; RETICULITERMES-FLAVIPES; RHINOTERMITIDAE; WORKERS; TOXICITY; KALOTERMITIDAE; CHLORFENAPYR AB Donor-recipient termiticide transfer laboratory tests were performed by using destructive sampling with two delayed-action non-repellent (DANR) termiticides against each of three colonies of Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Two of the three colonies showed no response to indoxacarb, but all three showed a response to chlorantraniliprole. These results indicate that behavioral variation among colonies is not likely responsible for the variability in recipient mortality among colonies noted in transfer studies in the literature. Donor mortality with these compounds and colonies suggests that variable physiological susceptibility of individual colonies to certain compounds may be more important than variations in behavior. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Starkville, MS USA. RP Shelton, TG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Starkville, MS USA. NR 35 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6967-5 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1015 BP 75 EP 86 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BOU17 UT WOS:000277616100006 ER PT S AU Peterson, CJ AF Peterson, Chris J. BE Peterson, CJ Stout, DM TI Depth of initial penetration of two aqueous termiticide formulations as a function of soil type and soil moisture SO PESTICIDES IN HOUSEHOLD, STRUCTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL PEST MANAGEMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INSECTICIDES AB The initial penetration of two termiticide formulations, Premise 75 (imidacloprid) and Termidor SC (fipronil), were tested in four soils at three moisture levels (5, 10 and 15% by weight) in a laboratory study. Within each soil type and moisture combination, the highest concentrations of active ingredient were found in the top I cm of soil and decreased with increasing depth. As soil moisture increased, active ingredient concentration in the top 1 cm decreased while active ingredient concentration in lower depths, especially 2 to 5 cm, increased. For each compound, the effect of soil type on active ingredient penetration depended on the soil moisture and soil depth, with few effects at low moisture and greater depth. Soil type had little overall effect on the penetration of either compound, however, as both compounds were contained in the top 5 cm in each situation. Both compounds were the most toxic to termites in soils with low organic matter. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Res Unit, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. RP Peterson, CJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Insects Dis & Invas Plants Res Unit, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6967-5 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1015 BP 97 EP 106 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BOU17 UT WOS:000277616100008 ER PT S AU Mulrooney, JE Wagner, TL Gerard, PD AF Mulrooney, J. E. Wagner, T. L. Gerard, P. D. BE Peterson, CJ Stout, DM TI Fipronil: Toxicity to Subterranean Termites and Dissipation in Soils SO PESTICIDES IN HOUSEHOLD, STRUCTURAL AND RESIDENTIAL PEST MANAGEMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ISOPTERA; RHINOTERMITIDAE; DEGRADATION; INSECTICIDE; EFFICACY; SORPTION; TERMITICIDES; PERSISTENCE; CLAY AB Fipronil (Tennidor 80 WG) was applied to covered and exposed plots at one secondary and four primary USDA Forest Service termiticide test sites in the U.S. Residue analyses and bioassays of soil samples were conducted over 5 y. Fipronil had an exponential decay at all sites. The DT(50) of fipronil in a silt loam soil in Oktibbeha Co., MS in covered and exposed plots was 202 and 177 d, respectively. Fipronil dissipation appeared to be faster at the secondary site (Oktibbeha Co, MS) compared to the primary tests sites. Dissipation was faster in covered plots in AZ and MS compared to FL and SC; while that in exposed plots was similar among sites. In 7 d bioassays, termite penetration of soil cores from primary test sites was significantly greater in exposed plots (33.9 +/- 1.2 mm) than that from covered plots (25.7 +/- 1.2 mm). Differences in termite penetration and termite mortality between covered and exposed plots at the secondary test site were not significant. Average distance penetrated by termites, averaged over treatments and primary sites, significantly increased during the last three years (37.2 mm) of sampling compared to the first three sampling times (20.7 mm). Termite mortality averaged over sites and years for covered and exposed plots was not significantly different. Freundlich adsorption coefficients (K(f)), determined from adsorption isotherms, ranged from 0.14 on a gravelly sand (Pima Co., AZ) to 5.47 on a silt loam (Oktibbeha Co. MS). C1 [Mulrooney, J. E.; Wagner, T. L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Clemson, SC USA. RP Mulrooney, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6967-5 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1015 BP 107 EP 123 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Chemistry; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA BOU17 UT WOS:000277616100009 ER PT J AU Cantrell, CL Klun, JA Carroll, J AF Cantrell, Charles L. Klun, Jerome A. Carroll, John TI NEW DEVELOPMENTS ON CALLICARPENAL, AN ARTHROPOD REPELLENT DISCOVERED FROM THE SOUTHERN FOLK REMEDY CALLICARPA AMERICANA SO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cantrell, Charles L.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Klun, Jerome A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Chem Affecting Insect Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Carroll, John] ARS, USDA, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM charles.cantrell@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1388-0209 J9 PHARM BIOL JI Pharm. Biol. PY 2009 VL 47 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 403OZ UT WOS:000263093200009 ER PT J AU Jones, MPA Klun, JA Cantrell, CL Ragone, D Murch, SJ AF Jones, Maxwell P. A. Klun, Jerome A. Cantrell, Charles L. Ragone, Diane Murch, Susan J. TI A MODERN EVALUATION OF THE TRADITIONAL OCEANIC PRACTICE OF BURNING MALE INFLORESCENCES OF BREADFRUIT, ARTOCARPUS ALTILIS PARKINSON (FOSBERG), TO REPEL MOSQUITOS SO PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jones, Maxwell P. A.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Biol, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. [Klun, Jerome A.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Invas Insect Biocontrol & Behav Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Cantrell, Charles L.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Ragone, Diane] Natl Trop Bot Garden, Kalaheo, HI 96741 USA. [Murch, Susan J.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Chem, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. [Murch, Susan J.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada. EM susan.murch@ubc.ca RI Jones, Andrew/F-8729-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1388-0209 J9 PHARM BIOL JI Pharm. Biol. PY 2009 VL 47 BP 31 EP 31 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 403OZ UT WOS:000263093200085 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, P Bose, S Hurd, AA Adhikary, R Schonenbrucher, H Hamir, AN Richt, JA Casey, TA Rasmussen, MA Petrich, JW AF Mukherjee, Prasun Bose, Sayantan Hurd, Alyse A. Adhikary, Ramkrishna Schonenbrucher, Holger Hamir, Amir N. Richt, Juergen A. Casey, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Mark A. Petrich, Jacob W. TI Monitoring the Accumulation of Lipofuscin in Aging Murine Eyes by Fluorescence Spectroscopy SO PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; RETINAL-PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; MACULAR DEGENERATION; PRIMATE LENS; TRANSMISSION; BLOOD; GRANULES; AUTOFLUORESCENCE; ABSORPTION AB The integrated fluorescence of murine eyes is collected as a function of age. This fluorescence is attributed to pigments generally referred to as lipofuscin and is observed to increase with age. No difference in fluorescence intensity is observed between the eyes of males or females. This work provides a benchmark for further studies that are planned in order to use such signatures as markers of central nervous system (CNS) tissue or even of diseased CNS tissue and provides a basis for determining the age of a healthy animal. C1 [Mukherjee, Prasun; Bose, Sayantan; Hurd, Alyse A.; Adhikary, Ramkrishna; Petrich, Jacob W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Schonenbrucher, Holger; Hamir, Amir N.; Richt, Juergen A.] ARS, Virus & Pr Dis Livestock Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Casey, Thomas A.; Rasmussen, Mark A.] ARS, Preharvest Food Safety & Enter Dis Res Unit, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA USA. [Rasmussen, Mark A.] SarTec Corp, Anoka, MN USA. RP Petrich, JW (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Chem, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM jwp@iastate.edu RI Adhikary, Ramkrishna/F-3002-2011; Bose, Sayantan/C-2749-2012; Petrich, Jacob/L-1005-2015 NR 38 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-8655 J9 PHOTOCHEM PHOTOBIOL JI Photochem. Photobiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 85 IS 1 BP 234 EP 238 DI 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2008.00425.x PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 394XP UT WOS:000262486800028 PM 18764899 ER PT S AU Bernacchi, CJ Rosenthal, DM Pimentel, C Long, SP Farquhar, GD AF Bernacchi, Carl J. Rosenthal, David M. Pimentel, Carlos Long, Stephen P. Farquhar, Graham D. BE Laisk, A Nedbal, L Govindjee, X TI Modeling the Temperature Dependence of C-3 Photosynthesis SO PHOTOSYNTHESIS IN SILICO: UNDERSTANDING COMPLEXITY FROM MOLECULES TO ECOSYSTEMS SE Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration LA English DT Article; Book Chapter AB The steady-state C-3 model of photosynthesis originally developed by Graham Farquhar et al. (1980) and subsequently modified by others describes responses of leaf carbon assimilation to environmental variation. This mechanistic model states that photosynthesis will be limited by the slowest of three biochemical processes: (1) the maximum rate of Rubisco-catalyzed carboxylation, (2) the rate of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP) regeneration via electron transport (J), or (3) the rate of RuBP regeneration via triose phosphate utilization (TPU). Each of these processes is modeled with parameters that have different responses to temperature; therefore accurate temperature functions are vital to model photosynthetic responses accurately, and they are critical to predict plant ecosystem responses to future predicted increases in temperature and CO2. Temperature functions used for modeling are frequently derived from Arrhenius equations, which describe changes in rate constants with temperature. Rubisco-limited photosynthesis is modeled using five parameters: two describe enzyme kinetics of carboxylation (V-cmax and K-c), one accounts for photorespiration (K-o), one for Rubisco specificity for CO2 vs. O-2 (Gamma*) and one for mitochondrial respiration (R-d). At light saturation and current atmospheric CO2 concentration, photosynthesis is usually carboxylation-limited. Two of the above parameters, Gamma* and R-d, are also used to model the rate of RuBP regeneration and follow the same temperature functions. The maximum rate of electron transport (J(max)) is needed to model RuBP regeneration, which is particularly important at sub-saturating irradiance, higher temperatures, or supra ambient CO2 concentrations, and is estimated by fitting the response of potential electron transport to light. Unlike the parameters that are dependent on the relatively conserved kinetic properties of Rubisco enzyme, electron transport is sensitive to environmental variation and can vary widely even within species. Triose phosphate limitation can occur at high CO2, low O-2, high irradiance, or low temperature and is generally difficult to anticipate in field based experiments. Finally, consideration should be given to the supply of CO2 to the site of carboxylation mediated by mesophyll conductance (g(m)) when modeling photosynthetic responses to temperature, as g(m) has been shown to vary with temperature, among species and growth conditions. C1 [Bernacchi, Carl J.; Rosenthal, David M.] USDA ARS, Photosynth Res Unit, Champaign, IL 61801 USA. [Rosenthal, David M.; Long, Stephen P.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Champaign, IL 61801 USA. [Pimentel, Carlos] Univ Fed Rural Rio de Janeiro, Dept Fitotecn, BR-23851970 Seropedica, Brazil. [Farquhar, Graham D.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Environm Biol Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. RP Bernacchi, CJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Photosynth Res Unit, Champaign, IL 61801 USA. EM bernacch@illinois.edu RI Rosenthal, David/C-9559-2012; Long, Stephen/A-2488-2008 OI Rosenthal, David/0000-0002-4822-5861; Long, Stephen/0000-0002-8501-7164 NR 95 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1572-0233 BN 978-1-4020-9237-4 J9 ADV PHOTOSYNTH RESP JI Adv. Photo. Respirat. PY 2009 VL 29 BP 231 EP 246 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-9237-4 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA BLP95 UT WOS:000270746900012 ER PT J AU Trebbi, D McGrath, JM AF Trebbi, Daniele McGrath, J. Mitchell TI Functional differentiation of the sugar beet root system as indicator of developmental phase change SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article ID SUPPRESSION SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION; BETA-VULGARIS L; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SUCROSE ACCUMULATION; PLANT DEVELOPMENT; GENE-EXPRESSION; MICROARRAY ANALYSIS; SHOOT DEVELOPMENT; LEAF DEVELOPMENT; DNA METHYLATION AB Developmental phase transitions in the plant root system have not been well characterized. In this study we compared the dynamics of sucrose accumulation with changes in gene expression analyzed with cDNA-amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) in the developing tap root of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris, L.) during the first 9 weeks after emergence (WAE). Although differences between lines were evident as soon as 9 WAE, sucrose showed a marked increase in the rate of accumulation between 4 and 6 WAE and a remarkable shift in gene expression was observed between 5 and 6 WAE. These changes were evident in two unrelated genetic backgrounds and suggest that physiological and gene expression changes represent a functional differentiation of the tap root. These changes were considered as indicators of a developmental change in the sugar beet root system. To identify genes and metabolic pathways involved in this developmental shift, a root cDNA library was hybridized with probes enriched for 3- and 7-WAE transcripts and differentially expressed transcripts were analyzed by cDNA microarray. Several genes involved in the regulation of tissue development were found to be differentially regulated. Genes involved in protein metabolism, disease-related and secretory system were upregulated before the functional differentiation transition, while genes under hormonal control were upregulated after the functional differentiation transition. This developmental phase change of the root system is important to understand plant developmental regulation at the whole-plant level and will likely be useful as early selection parameter in breeding programs. C1 [McGrath, J. Mitchell] Michigan State Univ, USDA ARS, Sugarbeet & Bean Res Unit, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Trebbi, Daniele] Michigan State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Trebbi, D (reprint author), Keygene NV, POB 216, NL-6700 AE Wageningen, Netherlands. EM daniele.trebbi@keygene.com FU Beet Sugar Development Foundation; Michigan State University FX We thank Dr. Jeff Landgraff and R. Scott Shaw for technical assistance and Dr. Tom Gerats, Dr. Peter van Dijk and Rachel Naegele for critical review of the manuscript. We thank the Beet Sugar Development Foundation and Michigan State University's Project GREEEN for their support. NR 76 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 135 IS 1 BP 84 EP 97 DI 10.1111/j.1399-3054.2008.01169.x PG 14 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 384BF UT WOS:000261717800008 PM 19121102 ER PT J AU Morimoto, M Cantrell, CL Libous-Bailey, L Duke, SO AF Morimoto, Masanori Cantrell, Charles L. Libous-Bailey, Lynn Duke, Stephen O. TI Phytotoxicity of constituents of glandular trichomes and the leaf surface of camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Heterotheca subaxillaris; Asteraceae; Calamenene sesquiterpenes; Exudates; Phytotoxicity ID ARTEMISIA-ANNUA L; STRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS; TERPENE DERIVATIVES; RESINOUS EXUDATE; NATURAL-PRODUCTS; GROWTH; FLAVONOIDS; ACIDS; INHIBITORS; HERBICIDES AB Camphorweed, Heterotheca subaxillaris (Lam.) Britt. & Rusby, has a camphor-like odor, and its leaf surfaces contain glandular trichomes of the type shown to contain high levels of isoprenoids in other species. Borneol (1), the phytotoxic calamenene-type sesquiterpenes (2-5, 9-11), and methylated flavones (1215) were isolated from the dichloromethane rinsate of camphorweed aerial tissues. The strongest plant growth inhibitor against Agrostis stolonifera and Lactuca saliva seedlings, as well as duckweed (Lemna pausicostata), was 2-methoxy-calamenene-14-carboxylic acid (2). Esterification of calamenene carboxylic acids decreased their biological activity. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Morimoto, Masanori] Kinki Univ, Dept Appl Biol Chem, Grad Sch Agr, Nara 6318505, Japan. [Morimoto, Masanori; Cantrell, Charles L.; Duke, Stephen O.] USDA ARS, Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. [Libous-Bailey, Lynn] USDA ARS, So Weed Sci Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Morimoto, M (reprint author), Kinki Univ, Dept Appl Biol Chem, Grad Sch Agr, 3327-204 Nakamachi Nara City, Nara 6318505, Japan. EM masanori@nara.kindai.ac.jp NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD JAN PY 2009 VL 70 IS 1 BP 69 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.09.026 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA 419RA UT WOS:000264235800008 PM 19054533 ER PT J AU Fisher, AJ Aegerter, BJ Gordon, TR Smith, L Woods, DM AF Fisher, A. J. Aegerter, B. J. Gordon, T. R. Smith, L. Woods, D. M. TI Puccinia jaceae var. solstitialis Teliospore Priming on Yellow Starthistle SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rust fungi; thermal time ID FACTORS AFFECTING GERMINATION; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CENTAUREA; RUST; TEMPERATURE; INFECTION; VIABILITY; CARTHAMI AB Following the introduction of Puccinia jaceae var. solstitialis to California for biological control of yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis, Asteraceae), teliospores, pycnia, and multiple urediniospore generations have been observed in the field. Because urediniospores have a relatively short life span in the field, functioning teliospores are expected to be necessary for the permanent establishment of P. jaceae var. solstitialis in California. To determine if conditions in California were conducive to this, teliospore emergence and priming were evaluated in the field. A factorial experiment in the laboratory with five incubation times and three incubation temperatures was used to determine teliospore priming requirements. Teliospore production coincided with plant senescence in August and September at two sites in 2 years; fewer teliospores were produced in 2006, suggesting inconsistent teliospore production may limit population growth and contribute to local extinctions in some areas. When teliospores were primed in the field, germination was low through the fall and abruptly peaked in January during both years. In the laboratory, teliospore germination increased as incubation time increased from 2 to 6 weeks and temperatures decreased from 12 to 4 degrees C. A degree-hour model derived from laboratory data accurately predicts when teliospores are primed for germination in the field. Based on the results obtained in this study, it is apparent that teliospore germination can occur over a range of priming conditions. However, lower temperatures and longer incubation periods are superior in breaking teliospore dormancy. C1 [Fisher, A. J.; Smith, L.] USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Aegerter, B. J.] Univ Calif Cooperat Extens, Stockton, CA 95205 USA. [Gordon, T. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Pathol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Woods, D. M.] Calif Dept Food & Agr, Sacramento, CA 95832 USA. RP Fisher, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Invas Weeds Res Unit, 800 Buchanan, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM alijfisher@gmail.com FU USDA Research Associate Program; UC-IPM Exotic/Invasive Pests and Disease Research Program FX We thank V. Popescu, L. Kong, and M. Plemons for technical support and B. Bruckart for comments on this manuscript. This study was financially supported by the USDA Research Associate Program and a grant from the UC-IPM Exotic/Invasive Pests and Disease Research Program. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2009 VL 99 IS 1 BP 67 EP 72 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-99-1-0067 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 389KI UT WOS:000262090900004 PM 19055436 ER PT J AU Wicklow, DT Poling, SM AF Wicklow, Donald T. Poling, Stephen M. TI Antimicrobial Activity of Pyrrocidines from Acremonium zeae Against Endophytes and Pathogens of Maize SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-VERTICILLIOIDES; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; EAR ROT; PROTECTIVE ENDOPHYTE; ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS; INOCULATION METHOD; SEED TRANSMISSION; STALK ROT; CORN; FUNGAL AB Acremonium zeae produces pyrrocidines A and B, which are polyketide-amino acid-derived antibiotics, and is recognized as a seedborne protective endophyte of maize which augments host defenses against microbial pathogens causing seedling blights and stalk rots. Pyrrocidine A displayed significant in vitro activity against Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium verticillioides in assays performed using conidia as inoculum, with pyrrocidine A being more active than B. In equivalent assays performed with conidia or hyphal cells as inoculum, pyrrocidine A revealed potent activity against major stalk and ear rot pathogens of maize, including F. graminearum, Nigrospora oryzae, Stenocarpella (Diplodia) maydis, and Rhizoctonia zeae. Pyrrocidine A displayed significant activity against seed-rotting saprophytes A. flavus and Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum, as well as seed-infecting colonists of the phylloplane Alternaria alternata, Cladosporium cladosporioides, and Curvularia lunata, which produces a damaging leaf spot disease. Protective endophytes, including mycoparasites which grow asymptomatically within healthy maize tissues, show little sensitivity to pyrrocidines. Pyrrocidine A also exhibited potent activity against Clavibacter michiganense subsp. nebraskense, causal agent of Goss's bacterial wilt of maize, and Bacillus mojaviense and Pseudomonas fluorescens, maize endophytes applied as biocontrol agents, but were ineffective against the wilt-producing bacterium Pantoea stewartii. C1 [Wicklow, Donald T.; Poling, Stephen M.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Wicklow, DT (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Mycotoxin Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM donald.wicklow@ars.usda.gov NR 61 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 35 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JAN PY 2009 VL 99 IS 1 BP 109 EP 115 DI 10.1094/PHYTO-99-1-0109 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 389KI UT WOS:000262090900010 PM 19055442 ER PT B AU Brown, JR AF Brown, Joel R. BE Esparza, AX McPherson, G TI Climate Change and Ecology in Rural Lands SO PLANNER'S GUIDE TO NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION: THE SCIENCE OF LAND DEVELOPMENT BEYOND THE METROPOLITAN FRINGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; POLICY; RANGELANDS; DYNAMICS; CARBON; SYSTEM AB Climate change has gained wider attention in recent years as issues of longer term environmental sustainability are debated in research circles and among the public at large. For this reason, considering how climate change will affect ecology and management of rural lands should be one of the pillars of knowledge supporting land-use planning and management. This chapter reviews three important aspects of climate change and ecology of rural lands: the fundamentals of climate change, how climate change is likely to affect critical ecological processes on rural lands, and, finally, some practical, accessible tools that can be used to integrate the knowledge and experience of land managers into models to improve the quality of decision making. C1 [Brown, Joel R.] New Mexico State Univ, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Brown, Joel R.] Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA, Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Brown, JR (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Natl Soil Survey Ctr, USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM joelbrow@nmsu.edu NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-98166-6 PY 2009 BP 39 EP 56 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3_3 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3 PG 18 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKL82 UT WOS:000268457500004 ER PT B AU Canfield, E Hawkins, RH AF Canfield, Evan Hawkins, Richard H. BE Esparza, AX McPherson, G TI Storm Water Management in Exurbia SO PLANNER'S GUIDE TO NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION: THE SCIENCE OF LAND DEVELOPMENT BEYOND THE METROPOLITAN FRINGE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID URBANIZATION; DRAINAGE; BASIN AB In urban and suburban settings, storm water management and design is a well-developed and widely practiced profession, but the Situation in exurban areas is far different. Beyond the metropolitan fringe, lower residential densities and smaller capital budgets limit storm water improvements, which heighten the need for sound Storm water management by planners and private property owners. This chapter describes the impact that dissection of landscapes by infrastructure can have on storm water and stream stability in exurbia. It considers how, and why, roads and utilities and the siting of homes and exurban subdivisions impact drainage networks and contribute to flood hazards. Recommendations for dealing with storm water management in exurbia are also discussed. C1 [Canfield, Evan] Pima Cty Reg Flood Control Dist, Planning & Dev Div, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA. [Canfield, Evan] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Watershed Sci Program, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hawkins, Richard H.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hawkins, Richard H.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hawkins, Richard H.] State Univ New York, New York, NY USA. [Hawkins, Richard H.] US Forest Serv, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Canfield, E (reprint author), Pima Cty Reg Flood Control Dist, Planning & Dev Div, 97 E Congress St, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA. EM evan.canfield@rfcd.pima..gov; rhawkins@ag.arizona.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-98166-6 PY 2009 BP 199 EP 213 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3_11 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-98167-3 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BKL82 UT WOS:000268457500012 ER PT S AU Carver, S Watson, A Waters, T Matt, R Gunderson, K Davis, B AF Carver, Steve Watson, Alan Waters, Tim Matt, Roian Gunderson, Kari Davis, Brett BE Geertman, S Stillwell, J TI Developing Computer-Based Participatory Approaches to Mapping Landscape Values for Landscape and Resource Management SO PLANNING SUPPORT SYSTEMS BEST PRACTICE AND NEW METHODS SE Geojournal Library LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FOREST C1 [Carver, Steve] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Watson, Alan; Davis, Brett] US Forest Serv, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Montana, MT USA. [Matt, Roian] Confederated Salish & Kootenai Tribes Forestry De, Montana, MT USA. [Gunderson, Kari] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Soc & Conservat, Montana, MT USA. RP Carver, S (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. EM s.j.carver@leeds.ac.uk NR 26 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0924-5499 BN 978-1-4020-8952-7 J9 GEOJOURNAL LIB PY 2009 VL 95 BP 431 EP 448 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8952-7_21 D2 10.1007/978-1-4020-8952-7 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geography; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Geography; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BLK47 UT WOS:000270364300022 ER PT J AU Leigh Broadhurst, C Tappero, R Maugel, T Erbe, E Sparks, D Chaney, R AF Leigh Broadhurst, C. Tappero, Ryan V. Maugel, Timothy K. Erbe, Eric F. Sparks, Donald L. Chaney, Rufus L. TI Interaction of nickel and manganese in accumulation and localization in leaves of the Ni hyperaccumulators Alyssum murale and Alyssum corsicum SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE Alyssum; Hyperaccumulator; Manganese localization; Nickel localization; Phytoremediation; trichomes ID COMMERCIAL PHYTOEXTRACTION; TRICHOMES; TOXICITY; METAL; COMPARTMENTATION; TOLERANCE; MECHANISM; LESBIACUM; COBALT; PLANTS AB The genus Alyssum contains >50 Ni hyperaccumulator species; many can achieve >2.5% Ni in dry leaf. In soils with normal Mn levels, Alyssum trichome bases were previously observed to accumulate Ni and Mn to high levels. Here we report concentration and localization patterns in A. murale and A. corsicum grown in soils with nonphytotoxic factorial additions of Ni and Mn salts. Four leaf type subsets based on size and age accumulated Ni and Mn similarly. The greatest Mn accumulation (10 times control) was observed in A. corsicum with 40 mmol Mn kg(-1) and 40 mmol Ni kg(-1) added to potting soil. Whole leaf Ni concentrations decreased as Mn increased. Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence mapping of whole fresh leaves showed localized in distinct high-concentration Mn spots associated with trichomes, Ni and Mn distributions were strongly spatially correlated. Standard X-ray fluorescence point analysis/mapping of cryofractured and freeze-dried samples found that Ni and Mn were co-located and strongly concentrated only in trichome bases and in cells adjacent to trichomes. Nickel concentration was also strongly spatially correlated with sulfur. Results indicate that maximum Ni phytoextraction by Alyssum may be reduced in soils with higher phytoavailable Mn, and suggest that Ni hyperaccumulation in Alyssum species may have developed from a Mn handling system. C1 [Leigh Broadhurst, C.; Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA, Henry A Wallace Agr Res Ctr, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Tappero, Ryan V.; Sparks, Donald L.] Univ Delaware, Plant & Soil Sci Dept, Newark, DE USA. [Erbe, Eric F.] USDA, Inst Plant Sci, Elect Microscopy Unit, Soybean Genom & Improvement Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Maugel, Timothy K.] Univ Maryland, Lab Biol Ultrastruct, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Leigh Broadhurst, C (reprint author), USDA, Henry A Wallace Agr Res Ctr, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Bldg 007, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM leigh.broadhurst@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 26 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD JAN PY 2009 VL 314 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 48 DI 10.1007/s11104-008-9703-4 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 382BJ UT WOS:000261579500004 ER PT J AU Park, S Elless, MP Park, J Jenkins, A Lim, W Chambers, E Hirschi, KD AF Park, Sunghun Elless, Mark P. Park, Jungeun Jenkins, Alicia Lim, Wansang Chambers, Edgar Hirschi, Kendal D. TI Sensory analysis of calcium-biofortified lettuce SO PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE biofortification; calcium; H+/Ca2+ transporter; lettuce; nutrition; sensory analysis ID AGROBACTERIUM-TUMEFACIENS; SHELF-LIFE; EXPRESSION; QUALITY; MAGNESIUM; CARROTS; TOBACCO; LEXICON; CHEESE; FLAVOR AB Vegetables represent an attractive means of providing increased calcium nutrition to the public. In this study, it was demonstrated that lettuce expressing the deregulated Arabidopsis H+/Ca2+ transporter sCAX1 (cation exchanger 1) contained 25%-32% more calcium than controls. These biofortified lettuce lines were fertile and demonstrated robust growth in glasshouse growth conditions. Using a panel of highly trained descriptive panellists, biofortified lettuce plants were evaluated and no significant differences were detected in flavour, bitterness or crispness when compared with controls. Sensory analysis studies are critical if claims are to be made regarding the efficacy of biofortified foods, and may be an important component in the public acceptance of genetically modified foods. C1 [Park, Sunghun; Park, Jungeun; Lim, Wansang] Kansas State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry & Recreat Resources, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Elless, Mark P.] Edenspace Syst Corp, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. [Jenkins, Alicia; Chambers, Edgar] Kansas State Univ, Dept Human Nutr, Sensory Anal Ctr, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Hirschi, Kendal D.] Texas A&M Univ, Vegetable & Fruit Improvement Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Hirschi, Kendal D.] ARS, USDA, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Dept Hort Forestry & Recreat Resources, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. EM shpark@ksu.edu FU Kansas State University AES [NAHF381121]; NHRI RDA-KSU Cooperative Research Project to SHP; US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service [58-62650-6001]; National Institutes of Health [1R01 DK 062366]; USDA-CSREES [2005-34402-6401]; National Institutes of Health STTR Phase I [1 R41 AR052225-01 A1] FX This research was supported by the following: the Kansas State University AES project (NAHF381121) and NHRI RDA-KSU Cooperative Research Project to SHP; the US Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service ( under Cooperative Agreement 58-62650-6001), National Institutes of Health Grant 1R01 DK 062366 and USDA-CSREES grant 2005-34402-6401 Designing Foods for Health to KDH; and the National Institutes of Health STTR Phase I grant 1 R41 AR052225-01 A1 to MPE. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1467-7644 EI 1467-7652 J9 PLANT BIOTECHNOL J JI Plant Biotechnol. J. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 7 IS 1 BP 106 EP 117 DI 10.1111/j.1467-7652.2008.00379.x PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA 383PN UT WOS:000261685600011 PM 19021875 ER PT J AU Wisniewski, ME Gusta, LV Fuller, MP Karlson, D AF Wisniewski, M. E. Gusta, L. V. Fuller, M. P. Karlson, D. BE Gusta, LV Wisniewski, ME Tanino, KK TI Ice Nucleation, Propagation and Deep Supercooling: the Lost Tribes of Freezing Studies SO PLANT COLD HARDINESS: FROM THE LABORATORY TO THE FIELD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Plant Cold Hardiness Seminar (8IPCHS) CY AUG 03-09, 2007 CL Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, CANADA HO Univ Saskatchewan ID INFRARED VIDEO THERMOGRAPHY; HYDROPHOBIC PARTICLE FILM; THERMAL-ANALYSIS IDTA; RAY PARENCHYMA CELLS; ANTIFREEZE PROTEINS; COLD DAMAGE; PLANTS; XYLEM; LEAVES; WATER C1 [Wisniewski, M. E.] ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Wisniewski, ME (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov; larry.gusta@usask.ca; mfuller@plymouth.ac.uk; dale.karlson@monsanto.com; larry.gusta@usask.ca; Michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov NR 59 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 17 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-513-9 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1079/9781845935139.0001 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BWH61 UT WOS:000293890700001 ER PT J AU Bassett, CL Wisniewski, ME AF Bassett, C. L. Wisniewski, M. E. BE Gusta, LV Wisniewski, ME Tanino, KK TI Global Expression of Cold-responsive Genes in Fruit Trees SO PLANT COLD HARDINESS: FROM THE LABORATORY TO THE FIELD LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Plant Cold Hardiness Seminar (8IPCHS) CY AUG 03-09, 2007 CL Univ Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, CANADA HO Univ Saskatchewan ID PEACH PRUNUS-PERSICA; PONCIRUS-TRIFOLIATA; LOW-TEMPERATURE; FLORAL BUDS; BLUEBERRY VACCINIUM; FREEZING TOLERANCE; ACCLIMATION; PROTEINS; IDENTIFICATION; CITRUS C1 [Bassett, C. L.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Bassett, CL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM Carole.Bassett@ars.usda.gov; Michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov; Michael.wisniewski@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-513-9 PY 2009 BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1079/9781845935139.0072 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BWH61 UT WOS:000293890700008 ER PT B AU Dayan, FE Duke, SO AF Dayan, Franck E. Duke, Stephen O. BE Osbourn, AE Lanzotti, V TI Biological Activity of Allelochemicals SO PLANT-DERIVED NATURAL PRODUCTS: SYNTHESIS, FUNCTION, AND APPLICATION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LEAF-AREA EXPANSION; ARTEMISIA-ANNUA L; CORN ZEA-MAYS; P-HYDROXYPHENYLPYRUVATE DIOXYGENASE; L-3,4-DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE L-DOPA; MICROBIAL METABOLIC PRODUCTS; PARA-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACIDS; ROOT GROWTH-INHIBITION; SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; PHENOLIC-ACIDS AB All plants produce compounds that are phytotoxic to another plant species at some concentration. In some cases, these compounds function, at least in part, in plant/plant interactions, where a phytotoxin donor plant adversely affects a target plant, resulting in an advantage for the donor plant. This review discusses how such an allelochemical role of a phytotoxin can be proven and provides examples of some of the more studied phytochemicals that have been implicated in allelopathy. These include artemisinin, cineoles, beta-triketones, catechin, sorgoleone, juglone and related quinones, rice allelochemicals, benzoxazinoids, common phenolic acids, L-DOPA, and m-tyrosine. Mechanisms of avoiding autotoxicity in the donor species are also discussed. C1 [Dayan, Franck E.; Duke, Stephen O.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Duke, SO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, POB 8048, University, MS 38677 USA. EM fdayan@olemiss.edu; sduke@olemiss.edu RI Dayan, Franck/A-7592-2009 OI Dayan, Franck/0000-0001-6964-2499 NR 180 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-85497-7 PY 2009 BP 361 EP 384 DI 10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4_17 D2 10.1007/978-0-387-85498-4 PG 24 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA BKY60 UT WOS:000269619800017 ER PT J AU Seifers, DL Martin, TJ Harvey, TL Fellers, JP Michaud, JP AF Seifers, Dallas L. Martin, T. J. Harvey, Tom L. Fellers, John P. Michaud, J. P. TI Identification of the Wheat Curl Mite as the Vector of Triticum mosaic virus SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PLAINS VIRUS; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; ACERIA TULIPAE; STREAK; TRANSMISSION; RESISTANCE; POTYVIRIDAE; EFFICACY; DISEASE AB Triticum mosaic virus (TriMV) is a newly discovered virus found infecting wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Kansas. This study was conducted to determine if the wheat curl mite (WCM, Aceria tosichella) and the bird cherry oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi) could transmit TriMV. Using different sources of WCM and two different isolates of TriMV, we were able to show the WCM is the vector of TriMV, Held analysis by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (EUSA) demonstrated natural infection pattern,, of wheat infected with TriMV, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), or both TriMV and WSMV, putatively infected by viruliferous WCM from a volunteer source growing adjacent to the wheat. Moreover, by single WCM transfers using WCM obtained From different wheat plants naturally infected with TriMV and WSMV and naturally infested with WCM, we showed that these WCM also transmitted TriMV only to wheat or transmitted both TriMV and WSMV to wheat. The infection rates of wheat with TriMV only using WCM transmission was low in both laboratory and field analyses. However, field analyses by ELISA showed that levels of infection of wheat by both TriMV and WSMV were high. No transmission of TriMV to wheat by R. padi occurred in our studies. C1 [Seifers, Dallas L.; Martin, T. J.] Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. [Harvey, Tom L.; Michaud, J. P.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Entomol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Fellers, John P.] USDA ARS, PSERU, Dept Plant Pathol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP Seifers, DL (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Agr Res Ctr Hays, Hays, KS 67601 USA. EM dseifers@ksu.edu NR 16 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 25 EP 29 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0025 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900005 ER PT J AU Widmer, TL AF Widmer, T. L. TI Infective Potential of Sporangia and Zoospores of Phytophthora ramorum SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FOLIAGE BLIGHT; INFESTANS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HOST; INOCULATION; TEMPERATURE; SPORULATION; IRRIGATION; CALIFORNIA; RESISTANCE AB Phytophthora species produce sporangia that either germinate directly or release zoospores, depending upon environmental conditions. Previous Phytophthora spp. inoculation trials have used both sporangia and zoospores as the inoculum type. However, it is unknown what impact propagule type has on disease. Rhododendron leaf disks were inoculated with P. ramorum zoospores (75, 500, or 2,400 per disk), sporangia (75 per disk), or sporangia plus trifluoperazine hydrochloride (TFP) (75 per disk), a chemical that inhibits zoospore formation. Combining results from two different isolates. the hi-hest concentration of zoospores (2,400 per disk) induced a significantly higher percentage of necrotic leaf disk area (96.6%) than sporangia (87.6%) and 500 zoospores per disk (88.7%). The sporangia plus TFP treatment had the lowest necrosis at 47.5%. Rooted rhododendron cuttings had a higher percentage of necrotic leaves per plant when inoculated with zoospores (3,000 or 50,000 per ml) or cysts (50,000 per ml) than with sporangia (3,000 per ml) with or without TFP. The percentage of necrotic leaf area was significantly higher when cysts or zoospores were inoculated at 50,000 per ml than sporangia without TFP and zoospores at 3,000 per ml. All treatments were significantly higher in the percentage of necrotic leaf area than the leaves treated with sporangia Plus TFP. This demonstrates that the full inoculum potential may not be achieved when sporangia are used as the inoculum propagule. C1 USDA ARS, Foreign Dis & Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Widmer, TL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis & Weed Sci Res Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM tim.widmer@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 30 EP 35 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0030 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900006 ER PT J AU Mazzola, M Brown, J Zhao, XW Izzo, AD Fazio, G AF Mazzola, Mark Brown, Jack Zhao, Xiaowen Izzo, Antonio D. Fazio, Gennaro TI Interaction of Brassicaceous Seed Meal and Apple Rootstock on Recovery of Pythium spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans from Roots Grown in Replant Soils SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; RELATIVE RESISTANCE; ORCHARD SOILS; DISEASE; RHIZOCTONIA; SUPPRESSION; PHYTOPHTHORA; AMENDMENTS; FUMIGATION; WASHINGTON AB Pythium spp. and Pratylenchus penetrans are Significant components of the diverse pathogen complex that incites apple replant disease in Washington State. The structure of the Pythium Population differs among orchard soils but is composed of multiple pathogenic species. Studies were conducted to determine the effect of brassicaceous seed meals and apple rootstock oil the activity and composition of these pathogen populations. Brassicaceous seed meals differed in capacity to suppress Pythium numbers and apple root infection, as well as differentially transformed composition of the population recovered from apple roots. Brassica juncea seed meal (SM) was the sole seed meal examined to suppress Pythium numbers and root infection; however, a persisting population was always detected in which Pythium irregulare existed as the dominant or co-dominant species. In general, the Geneva series rootstocks were less susceptible to root infection by native populations of Pythium, whereas M26, M M106, and MM111 were highly susceptible. Apple rootstocks from the Geneva series consistently supported lower populations of P penetrans than did Malling or Malling-Merton rootstocks. B. juncea SM was superior to Brassica napus SM or Sinapis alba SM in Suppressing lesion nematode populations. Significant rootstock x seed meal interaction was detected, and nematode suppression in response to A napus or S. alba SM was only observed when used in concert with a tolerant rootstock, while B. juncea SM Suppressed lesion nematode root populations irrespective of rootstock. These findings demonstrate that utilization of brassicaceous seed meal amendments for replant disease suppression must employ an appropriate rootstock in order to achieve optimal disease control. C1 [Mazzola, Mark; Izzo, Antonio D.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Brown, Jack] Univ Idaho, Dept Plant Soil & Entomol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Zhao, Xiaowen] Washington State Univ, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Fazio, Gennaro] USDA ARS, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Mazzola, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, 1104 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. EM mark.mazzola@ars.usda.gov NR 35 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0051 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900009 ER PT J AU Klotz, KL Campbell, LG AF Klotz, Karen L. Campbell, Larry G. TI Effects of Aphanomyces Root Rot on Carbohydrate Impurities and Sucrose Extractability in Postharvest Sugar Beet SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE invert sugars ID STORAGE AB Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) roots with rot caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides often are incorporated into storage piles even though effects of disease on processing properties are unknown. Roots with Aphanomyces root rot were harvested from six fields over 2 years. For each field, roots with similar disease symptoms were combined and assigned a root rot index (RRI) value (0 to 100; 0, no rot symptoms; 100, all roots severely rotted). After 20 or 120 days storage at 4 degrees C and 95% relative humidity, concentrations of the major carbohydrate impurities that accumulate during storage and sucrose extractability were determined. Root rot affected carbohydrate impurity concentrations and sucrose extractability in direct relation to disease severity symptoms. Generally, roots with active and severe infection (RRI >= 85) exhibited elevated glucose and fructose concentrations 20 and 120 days after harvest (DAH), elevated raffinose concentration 120 DAH, and reduced Sucrose extractability 20 and 120 DAH. Roots with minor or moderate disease symptoms (RRI 20 to 69), or damaged roots with no signs of active infection, had similar carbohydrate impurity concentrations and sucrose extractability after 20 and 120 days storage. Processing properties declined when RRIs exceeded 43, as determined by regression analysis, or when storage duration increased from 20 to 120 days. Results indicate that both disease severity and anticipated duration of storage be considered before Aphanomyces-infected roots are incorporated into storage piles. C1 [Klotz, Karen L.; Campbell, Larry G.] USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Klotz, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Crop Sci Lab, POB 5677,Univ Stn, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM karen.klotz@ars.usda.gov OI Fugate, Karen/0000-0001-9543-6832 FU American Crystal Sugar Company; Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota; North Dakota FX The authors thank American Crystal Sugar Company personnel Allan Cattanach, Darin Vettern, and John Prigge for identifying fields for sampling and assistance with harvests John Eide, Joe Thompson, and Nyle Jonason tor technical support; and American Crystal Sugar Company and the Sugarbeet Research and Education Board of Minnesota and North Dakota for partial financial support. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0094 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900015 ER PT J AU Caesar, AJ Lartey, RT Berner, DK Souissi, T AF Caesar, A. J. Lartey, R. T. Berner, D. K. Souissi, T. TI First Report of Leaf Spot Caused by Cercospora bizzozeriana on Lepidium draba in the United States. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Caesar, A. J.; Lartey, R. T.] USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. [Berner, D. K.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Souissi, T.] Inst Natl Agron Tunisie, Lab Bot & Malherbiol, Tunis 1082, Tunisia. RP Caesar, AJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 108 EP 108 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0108B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900024 ER PT J AU Wilson, AD Schiff, NM Haugen, DA Hoebeke, ER AF Wilson, A. D. Schiff, N. M. Haugen, D. A. Hoebeke, E. R. TI First Report of Amylostereum areolatum in Pines in the United States. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item ID SIREX-NOCTILIO C1 [Wilson, A. D.; Schiff, N. M.] USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS USA. [Haugen, D. A.] USDA Forest Serv, NE Area State & Private Forestry, St Paul, MN USA. [Hoebeke, E. R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Wilson, AD (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, So Res Stn, So Hardwoods Lab, Stoneville, MS USA. RI Wilson, Alphus/Q-2137-2015 OI Wilson, Alphus/0000-0003-2352-5232 NR 4 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 108 EP 108 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0108A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900023 ER PT J AU Bull, CT du Toit, LJ AF Bull, C. T. du Toit, L. J. TI First Report of Bacterial Blight on Conventionally and Organically Grown Arugula in Nevada Caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. alisalensis. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Bull, C. T.] ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. [du Toit, L. J.] Washington State Univ, Mt Vernon NWREC, Mt Vernon, IA USA. RP Bull, CT (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Salinas, CA USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 109 EP 109 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0109A PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900026 ER PT J AU Kolomiets, T Mukhina, Z Matveeva, T Bogomaz, D Berner, DK Cavin, CA Castlebury, LA AF Kolomiets, T. Mukhina, Z. Matveeva, T. Bogomaz, D. Berner, D. K. Cavin, C. A. Castlebury, L. A. TI First Report of Stem Canker of Salsola tragus Caused by Diaporthe eres in Russia. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Kolomiets, T.] All Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Bolshie Vyazemi 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. [Mukhina, Z.] All Russia Rice Res Inst, Krasnodar 350921, Belozerny, Russia. [Matveeva, T.; Bogomaz, D.] St Petersburg State Univ, St Petersburg 199034, Russia. [Berner, D. K.; Cavin, C. A.] ARS, USDA, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Castlebury, L. A.] ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, USDA, BARC W, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kolomiets, T (reprint author), All Russian Res Inst Phytopathol, Bolshie Vyazemi 143050, Moscow Region, Russia. OI Matveeva, Tatiana/0000-0001-8569-6665 NR 2 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 110 EP 110 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0110B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900029 ER PT J AU Klopfenstein, NB Lundquist, JE Hanna, JW Kim, MS McDonald, GI AF Klopfenstein, N. B. Lundquist, J. E. Hanna, J. W. Kim, M. -S. McDonald, G. I. TI First Report of Armillaria sinapina, a Cause of Armillaria Root Disease, Associated with a Variety of Forest Tree Hosts on Sites with Diverse Climates in Alaska. SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT News Item C1 [Klopfenstein, N. B.; Hanna, J. W.; Kim, M. -S.; McDonald, G. I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Forestry Sci Lab, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. [Lundquist, J. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Klopfenstein, NB (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, RMRS, Forestry Sci Lab, 1221 S Main St, Moscow, ID 83843 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 93 IS 1 BP 111 EP 111 DI 10.1094/PDIS-93-1-0111B PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 418YT UT WOS:000264186900032 ER PT J AU Thompson, BE Hake, S AF Thompson, Beth E. Hake, Sarah TI Translational Biology: From Arabidopsis Flowers to Grass Inflorescence Architecture SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID MAIZE HOMEOBOX GENE; FLORAL MERISTEM IDENTITY; MADS-BOX GENES; SEX-DETERMINATION GENE; STEM-CELL FATE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; ORYZA-SATIVA; FUNCTIONAL DIVERSIFICATION; EXPRESSION PATTERNS; SHOOT-MERISTEMLESS C1 [Thompson, Beth E.] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Plant & Microbial Biol Dept, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Thompson, BE (reprint author), USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM bethompson@berkeley.edu OI Thompson, Beth/0000-0002-5358-0796 NR 77 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 149 IS 1 BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1104/pp.108.129619 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 391VE UT WOS:000262261500006 PM 19126693 ER PT J AU Schulte, D Close, TJ Graner, A Langridge, P Matsumoto, T Muehlbauer, G Sato, K Schulman, AH Waugh, R Wise, RP Stein, N AF Schulte, Daniela Close, Timothy J. Graner, Andreas Langridge, Peter Matsumoto, Takashi Muehlbauer, Gary Sato, Kazuhiro Schulman, Alan H. Waugh, Robbie Wise, Roger P. Stein, Nils TI The International Barley Sequencing Consortium-At the Threshold of Efficient Access to the Barley Genome SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PSEUDO-RESPONSE-REGULATOR; HORDEUM-VULGARE L.; HOMEOBOX GENE; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MAP; IDENTIFICATION; EXPRESSION; MUTATION; SYSTEM; MODEL C1 [Schulte, Daniela; Graner, Andreas; Stein, Nils] Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. [Close, Timothy J.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Bot & Plant Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Langridge, Peter] Univ Adelaide, Australian Ctr Plant Funct Genom, Glen Osmond, SA, Australia. [Matsumoto, Takashi] Natl Inst Agrobiol Sci, Plant Genome Res Unit, Div Genome & Biodivers Res, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058602, Japan. [Muehlbauer, Gary] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sato, Kazuhiro] Okayama Univ, Bioresources Res Inst, Okayama 7100046, Japan. [Schulman, Alan H.] Univ Helsinki, MTT Agrifood Res Finland, Inst Biotechnol, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. [Waugh, Robbie] Scottish Crop Res Inst, Dundee DD2 5DA, Scotland. [Wise, Roger P.] USDA ARS, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Stein, N (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Plant Genet & Crop Plant Res, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. EM stein@ipk-gatersleben.de RI Langridge, Peter/G-5864-2010; Schulman, Alan/A-9322-2011 OI Langridge, Peter/0000-0001-9494-400X; Schulman, Alan/0000-0002-4126-6177 NR 48 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 149 IS 1 BP 142 EP 147 DI 10.1104/pp.108.128967 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 391VE UT WOS:000262261500020 PM 19126706 ER PT J AU Sachs, MM AF Sachs, Martin M. TI Cereal Germplasm Resources SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID GENETIC-RESOURCES C1 [Sachs, Martin M.] Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Maize Genet Cooperat Stock Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Sachs, Martin M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Sachs, MM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, USDA ARS, Soybean Maize Germplasm Pathol & Genet Res Unit, Maize Genet Cooperat Stock Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM msachs@uiuc.edu NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 149 IS 1 BP 148 EP 151 DI 10.1104/pp.108.129205 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 391VE UT WOS:000262261500021 PM 19126707 ER PT J AU Scofield, SR Nelson, RS AF Scofield, Steven R. Nelson, Richard S. TI Resources for Virus-Induced Gene Silencing in the Grasses SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; LENGTH CDNA-CLONE; TOBACCO RATTLE VIRUS; TRANSCRIBED IN-VITRO; YELLOW MOTTLE VIRUS; WHEAT DWARF VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; STREAK-VIRUS; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; SYSTEMIC INFECTION C1 [Scofield, Steven R.] USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Scofield, Steven R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Nelson, Richard S.] Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK 73401 USA. RP Scofield, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Crop Prod & Pest Control Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM scofield@purdue.edu RI Scofield, Steven/C-3868-2016 NR 58 TC 53 Z9 60 U1 3 U2 17 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 149 IS 1 BP 152 EP 157 DI 10.1104/pp.108.128702 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 391VE UT WOS:000262261500022 PM 19126708 ER PT J AU Meng, Y Moscou, MJ Wise, RP AF Meng, Yan Moscou, Matthew J. Wise, Roger P. TI Blufensin1 Negatively Impacts Basal Defense in Response to Barley Powdery Mildew SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID F-SP HORDEI; EXPRESSION PROFILING DATABASE; RACE-SPECIFIC RESISTANCE; STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; ML-A-LOCUS; ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS; FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; BLUMERIA-GRAMINIS AB Plants have evolved complex regulatory mechanisms to control the defense response against microbial attack. Both temporal and spatial gene expression are tightly regulated in response to pathogen ingress, modulating both positive and negative control of defense. BLUFENSIN1 (BLN1), a small peptide belonging to a novel family of proteins in barley (Hordeum vulgare), is highly induced by attack from the obligate biotrophic fungus Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (Bgh), casual agent of powdery mildew disease. Computational interrogation of the Bln1 gene family determined that members reside solely in the BEP clade of the Poaceae family, specifically, barley, rice (Oryza sativa), and wheat (Triticum aestivum). Barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing of Bln1 enhanced plant resistance in compatible interactions, regardless of the presence or absence of functional Mla coiled-coil, nucleotide-binding site, Leu-rich repeat alleles, indicating that BLN1 can function in an R-gene-independent manner. Likewise, transient overexpression of Bln1 significantly increased accessibility toward virulent Bgh. Moreover, silencing in plants harboring the Mlo susceptibility factor decreased accessibility to Bgh, suggesting that BLN1 functions in parallel with or upstream of MLO to modulate penetration resistance. Collectively, these data suggest that the grass-specific Bln1 negatively impacts basal defense against Bgh. C1 [Meng, Yan; Moscou, Matthew J.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Meng, Yan; Moscou, Matthew J.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Ctr Plant Responses Environm Stresses, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Moscou, Matthew J.; Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, Bioinformat & Computat Biol Grad Program, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Wise, Roger P.] Iowa State Univ, ARS, USDA, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Wise, RP (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM rpwise@iastate.edu RI Moscou, Matthew/D-5266-2011 OI Moscou, Matthew/0000-0003-2098-6818 FU National Science Foundation [05-00461]; U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service [3625 21000-049-00D] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (Plant Genome grant no. 05-00461) and the U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (CRIS project no. 3625 21000-049-00D). This is a joint contribution of the Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station and the Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, U. S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. NR 98 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC PLANT BIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 USA SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 149 IS 1 BP 271 EP 285 DI 10.1104/pp.108.129031 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 391VE UT WOS:000262261500033 PM 19005086 ER PT S AU Hammond, RW Nemchinov, LG AF Hammond, R. W. Nemchinov, L. G. BE Karasev, AV TI Plant Production of Veterinary Vaccines and Therapeutics SO PLANT-PRODUCED MICROBIAL VACCINES SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Review ID MOUTH-DISEASE VIRUS; RABBIT HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS; TRANSGENIC POTATO PLANTS; STRUCTURAL PROTEIN VP1; INFECTIOUS BOVINE-RHINOTRACHEITIS; TAENIA-SOLIUM CYSTICERCOSIS; RINDERPEST VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ PROTEIN; CANINE PARVOVIRUS AB Plant-derived biologicals for use in animal health are becoming an increasingly important target for research into alternative, improved methods for disease control. Although there are no commercial products on the market yet, the development and testing of oral, plant-based vaccines is now beyond the proof-of-principle stage. Vaccines, such as those developed for porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus, have the potential to stimulate both mucosal and systemic, as well as, lactogenic immunity as has already been seen in target animal trials. Plants are a promising production system, but they must compete with existing vaccines and protein production platforms. In addition, regulatory hurdles will need to be overcome, and industry and public acceptance of the technology are important in establishing successful products. C1 [Hammond, R. W.; Nemchinov, L. G.] ARS, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hammond, RW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rose.hammond@ars.usda.gov NR 99 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-540-70857-5 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2009 VL 332 BP 79 EP 102 PG 24 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BKB50 UT WOS:000267690000005 PM 19401822 ER PT J AU Mathieu, M Winters, E Kong, FM Wan, JR Wang, SX Eckert, H Luth, D Paz, M Donovan, C Zhang, ZY Somers, D Wang, K Nguyen, H Shoemaker, R Stacey, G Clemente, T AF Mathieu, Melanie Winters, Elizabeth K. Kong, Fanming Wan, Jinrong Wang, Shaoxing Eckert, Helene Luth, Diane Paz, Margie Donovan, Christopher Zhang, Zhanyuan Somers, David Wang, Kan Nguyen, Henry Shoemaker, Randy C. Stacey, Gary Clemente, Tom TI Establishment of a soybean (Glycine max Merr. L) transposon-based mutagenesis repository SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE Activation tagging; Functional genomics; Activator/Dissociation; Gene trap; Enhancer trap; Legume ID AGROBACTERIUM-MEDIATED TRANSFORMATION; COTYLEDONARY-NODE METHOD; GENETIC-LINKAGE MAP; T-DNA; TRANSGENIC SOYBEANS; ARABIDOPSIS GENOME; BETA-CONGLYCININ; TAGGING LINES; TOMATO LINES; DS ELEMENTS AB Soybean is a major crop species providing valuable feedstock for food, feed and biofuel. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in developing genomic resources for soybean, including on-going efforts to sequence the genome. These efforts have identified a large number of soybean genes, most with unknown function. Therefore, a major research priority is determining the function of these genes, especially those involved in agronomic performance and seed traits. One means to study gene function is through mutagenesis and the study of the resulting phenotypes. Transposon-tagging has been used successfully in both model and crop plants to support studies of gene function. In this report, we describe efforts to generate a transposon-based mutant collection of soybean. The Ds transposon system was used to create activation-tagging, gene and enhancer trap elements. Currently, the repository houses approximately 900 soybean events, with flanking sequence data derived from 200 of these events. Analysis of the insertions revealed approximately 70% disrupted known genes, with the majority matching sequences derived from either Glycine max or Medicago truncatula sequences. Among the mutants generated, one resulted in male-sterility and was shown to disrupt the strictosidine synthase gene. This example clearly demonstrates that it is possible to disrupt soybean gene function by insertional mutagenesis and to derive useful mutants by this approach in spite of the tetraploid nature of the soybean genome. C1 [Winters, Elizabeth K.; Kong, Fanming; Clemente, Tom] Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Mathieu, Melanie; Wan, Jinrong; Wang, Shaoxing; Zhang, Zhanyuan; Nguyen, Henry; Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Natl Ctr Soybean Biotechnol, Div Plant Sci, Life Sci Ctr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Shoemaker, Randy C.] Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS CICGRU, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Stacey, Gary] Univ Missouri, Div Biochem, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Clemente, Tom] Univ Nebraska, Ctr Plant Sci Innovat, Ctr Biotechnol, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Donovan, Christopher; Somers, David] Univ Minnesota, Dept Agron & Plant Genet, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Eckert, Helene; Luth, Diane; Paz, Margie; Wang, Kan] Iowa State Univ, Dept Agron, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Clemente, T (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Agron & Hort, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM tclemente1@unl.edu FU USDA/NRI [2002-35301-12195]; United Soybean Board; National Center for Soybean Biotechnology and Nebraska Research Initiative FX This work was supported by grants provided through USDA/NRI Award No. 2002-35301-12195, and the United Soybean Board. Additional funds provided through the National Center for Soybean Biotechnology and Nebraska Research Initiative. NR 68 TC 38 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JAN PY 2009 VL 229 IS 2 BP 279 EP 289 DI 10.1007/s00425-008-0827-9 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 383SC UT WOS:000261692700005 PM 18855007 ER PT J AU Ishimaru, M Smith, D Mort, A Gross, K AF Ishimaru, Megumi Smith, David L. Mort, Andrew J. Gross, Kenneth C. TI Enzymatic activity and substrate specificity of recombinant tomato beta-galactosidases 4 and 5 SO PLANTA LA English DT Article DE beta-Galactosidase; Exo-galactanase; Cell wall; Substrate specificity; Solanum lycopersicum ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDES; ACID-SEQUENCE SIMILARITIES; XYLOGLUCAN OLIGOSACCHARIDES; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; DOWN-REGULATION; IN-VIVO; L SEEDS; FRUIT; GENE; EXO-(1->4)-BETA-D-GALACTANASE AB The open reading frames of tomato beta-galactosidase (TBG) 4 and 5 cDNAs were expressed in yeast, and the enzymes properties and substrate specificities were investigated. The two enzymes had peak activities between pH 4-4.5 and 37-45A degrees C. TBG4 specifically hydrolyzed beta-(1 -> 4) and 4-linked galactooligosaccharides. TBG5 had a strong preference to hydrolyze beta-(1 -> 3) and beta-(1 -> 6)-linked galactooligosaccharides. Exo-beta-galactanase activity of the TBG enzymes was measured by determining the release of galactosyl residues from native tomato cell wall fractions throughout fruit development and ripening. Both TBGs released galactose from all of the fractions and stages tested. TBG4 activity was highest using chelator soluble pectin and alkali soluble pectin at the turning stage of ripening. Using aminopyrene trisulfonate labeled substrates, TBG4 was the only enzyme with strong exo-beta-(1 -> 4)-galactanase activity on 5 mer or greater galactans. TBG4 and TBG5 were both able to degrade galactosylated rhamnogalacturonan. Neither enzyme was able to degrade galactosylated xyloglucan. C1 [Ishimaru, Megumi; Smith, David L.; Gross, Kenneth C.] ARS, Produce Qual & Safety Lab, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Area Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Mort, Andrew J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Noble Res Ctr 246, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Ishimaru, M (reprint author), Osaka Prefecture Univ, Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci, Osaka 5998531, Japan. EM ishimaru@plant.osakafu-u.ac.jp NR 43 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0032-0935 J9 PLANTA JI Planta PD JAN PY 2009 VL 229 IS 2 BP 447 EP 456 DI 10.1007/s00425-008-0842-x PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 383SC UT WOS:000261692700019 PM 18987878 ER PT J AU Matallo, MB Almeida, SDB Cerdeira, AL Franco, DA Blanco, FMG Menezes, PTC Luchini, LC Moura, MAM Duke, SO AF Matallo, M. B. Almeida, S. D. B. Cerdeira, A. L. Franco, D. A. Blanco, F. M. G. Menezes, P. T. C. Luchini, L. C. Moura, M. A. M. Duke, S. O. TI MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS OF SHIKIMIC ACID FROM PLANT TISSUES SO PLANTA DANINHA LA English DT Article DE glyphosate; green chemistry; herbicide; HPLC ID HORSEWEED CONYZA-CANADENSIS; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT; ACCUMULATION; L. AB A better method for determination of shikimate in plant. tissues is needed to monitor exposure of plants to the herbicide glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine] and to screen the plant kingdom for high levels of this valuable phytochemical precursor to the pharmaceutical oseltamivir. A simple, rapid. and efficient method using microwave-assisted extraction (MWAE) with water as the extraction solvent was developed for the determination of shikimic acid in plant tissues. High performance liquid chromatography was used for the separation of shikimic acid, and chromatographic data were acquired using photodiode array detection. This MWAE technique was successful in recovering shikimic acid from a series of fortified plant tissues at more than 90% efficiency with an interference-free chromatogram. This allowed the use of lower amounts of reagents and organic solvents. reducing the Use, of toxic and/or hazardous chemicals, as compared to currently used methodologies. The method was used to determine the level of endogenous shikimic acid in several species of Brachiaria and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and on B. decumbens and soybean (Glycine max) after treatment with glyphosate. The method was sensitive, rapid and reliable in all cases. C1 [Matallo, M. B.; Almeida, S. D. B.; Franco, D. A.; Blanco, F. M. G.; Menezes, P. T. C.; Moura, M. A. M.] Inst Biol, IB, Weed Sci Lab, BR-13001970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. [Cerdeira, A. L.] Embrapa Environm, Brazilian Dept Agr, Agr Res Serv, BR-13820000 Jaguariuna, SP, Brazil. [Luchini, L. C.] Inst Biol, IB, Agrochem Ecotoxicol Lab, BR-04014000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Duke, S. O.] ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, USDA, University, MS 38677 USA. RP Matallo, MB (reprint author), Inst Biol, IB, Weed Sci Lab, Rodovi Heitor Penteado Km 3-5, BR-13001970 Campinas, SP, Brazil. EM matallo@biologico.sp.gov.br NR 23 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU UNIV FEDERAL VICOSA PI VICOSA PA CAIXA POSTAL 270, VICOSA, MG CEP 36571-00, BRAZIL SN 0100-8358 J9 PLANTA DANINHA JI Planta Daninha PY 2009 VL 27 SI SI BP 987 EP 994 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 553ZX UT WOS:000274406400012 ER PT J AU Parajuli, P Joshee, N Rimando, AM Mittall, S Yadav, AK AF Parajuli, Prahlad Joshee, Nirmal Rimando, Agnes M. Mittall, Sandeep Yadav, Anand K. TI In vitro Antitumor Mechanisms of Various Scutellaria Extracts and Constituent Flavonoids SO PLANTA MEDICA LA English DT Article DE Scutellaria; Lamiacae; flavonoid; malignant glioma; breast carcinoma; apoptosis; cell cycle ID CANCER-CELL-PROLIFERATION; MEDICINAL-PLANT; BREAST-CANCER; GLIOMA-CELLS; BAICALENSIS; INDUCTION; APOPTOSIS; LATERIFLORA; BARBATA; ARREST AB Scutellaria is a traditional herbal remedy with potential anti-cancer activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate anticancer mechanisms of thirteen Scutellaria species and analyze their leaf, stem and root extracts for levels of common biologically active flavonoids: apigenin, baicalein, baicalin, chrysin, scutellarein, and wogonin. Malignant glioma, breast carcinoma and prostate cancer cells were used to determine tumor-specific effects of Scutellaria on cell proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle progression, via the MTT assay and flow cytometry-based apoptosis and cell cycle analysis. The extracts and individual flavonoids inhibited the proliferation of malignant glioma and breast carcinoma cells without affecting primary or non-malignant cells. The flavonoids exhibited different mechanisms of anti-tumor activity as well as positive interactions. The antitumor mechanisms involved induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G1/G2. Of the extracts tested, leaf extracts of S. angulosa, S. integrifolia, S. ocmulgee and S. scandens were found to have strong anticancer activity. This Study provides basis for further mechanistic and translational studies into adjuvant therapy of malignant tumors using Scutellaria leaf tissues. C1 [Parajuli, Prahlad; Mittall, Sandeep] Wayne State Univ, Dept Neurosurg, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Parajuli, Prahlad; Mittall, Sandeep] Karmanos Canc Inst, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Joshee, Nirmal; Yadav, Anand K.] Ft Valley State Univ, Agr Res Stn, Ft Valley, GA USA. [Rimando, Agnes M.] USDA ARS, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. RP Parajuli, P (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Neurosurg, 4100 John R St,HW-CRC 607, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM pparajuli@med.wayne.edu FU Medical Research and Education (FMRE); USDA-CSREES Research Project [GEOX-2002-02989, 2002-38814-12612] FX We acknowledge research grants from the Fund for Medical Research and Education (FMRE), to PP and the USDA-CSREES Research Project GEOX-2002-02989 (Award #2002-38814-12612) to AKY. We thank Tom Patrick, Botanist, Georgia Department of Natural Resources, for identification of S. integrifolia and seed collection. We also thank Eric Van Buren for his help with flow cytometry, Chao (Becky) Wong for technical assistance, and Brandon Parker for manuscript editing. NR 30 TC 77 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 19 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0032-0943 J9 PLANTA MED JI Planta Med. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 75 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1055/s-0028-1088364 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Integrative & Complementary Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Integrative & Complementary Medicine GA 402SA UT WOS:000263032200008 PM 19031366 ER PT J AU Hughes, SR Sterner, DE Bischoff, KM Hector, RE Dowd, PF Qureshi, N Bang, SS Grynaviski, N Chakrabarty, T Johnson, ET Dien, BS Mertens, JA Caughey, RJ Liu, SQ Butt, TR LaBaer, J Cotta, MA Rich, JO AF Hughes, Stephen R. Sterner, David E. Bischoff, Kenneth M. Hector, Ronald E. Dowd, Patrick F. Qureshi, Nasib Bang, Sookie S. Grynaviski, Nicole Chakrabarty, Tania Johnson, Eric T. Dien, Bruce S. Mertens, Jeffrey A. Caughey, Robert J. Liu, Siqing Butt, Tauseef R. LaBaer, Joshua Cotta, Michael A. Rich, Joseph O. TI Engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain for improved xylose utilization with a three-plasmid SUMO yeast expression system SO PLASMID LA English DT Article DE Automated plasmid-based robotic workcell; SUMOduo plasmid set; Pentose-utilizing yeast ID CELL-PENETRATING PEPTIDES; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; FERMENTATION; ETHANOL; ISOMERASE; PLASMID; AGGREGATION; FUSION; KEY AB A three-plasmid yeast expression system utilizing the portable small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) vector set combined with the efficient endogenous yeast protease Ulp1 was developed for production of large amounts of soluble functional protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Each vector has a different selectable marker (URA, TRP, or LEU), and the system provides high expression levels of three different proteins simultaneously. This system was integrated into the protocols on a fully automated plasmid-based robotic platform to screen engineered strains of S. cerevisiae for improved growth on xylose. First, a novel PCR assembly strategy was used to clone a xylose isomerase (XI) gene into the URA-selectable SUMO vector and the plasmid was placed into the S. cerevisine INVSc1 strain to give the strain designated INVSc1-XI. Second, amino acid scanning mutagenesis was used to generate a library of mutagenized genes encoding the bioinsecticidal peptide lycotoxin-1 (Lyt-1) and the library was cloned into the TRP-selectable SUMO vector and placed into INVSc1-XI to give the strain designated INVSc1-XI-Lyt-1. Third, the Yersinia pestis xylulokinase gene was cloned into the LEU-selectable SUMO vector and placed into the INVSc1-XI-Lyt-1 yeast. Yeast strains expressing XI and xylulokinase with or without Lyt-1 showed improved growth on xylose compared to INVSc1-XI yeast. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Hughes, Stephen R.; Bischoff, Kenneth M.; Liu, Siqing; Rich, Joseph O.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis BBC Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Sterner, David E.] Progenra Inc, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. [Hector, Ronald E.; Qureshi, Nasib; Dien, Bruce S.; Mertens, Jeffrey A.; Cotta, Michael A.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Fermentat Biotechnol FBT Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Dowd, Patrick F.; Johnson, Eric T.] USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect CBP Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. [Bang, Sookie S.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Chem & Biol Engn Dept, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Grynaviski, Nicole; Chakrabarty, Tania] Arryx Inc, Chicago, IL 60601 USA. [Caughey, Robert J.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Peoria, IL 61656 USA. [Butt, Tauseef R.] LifeSensors Inc, Malvern, PA 19355 USA. [LaBaer, Joshua] Harvard Inst Prote, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. RP Hughes, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Bioprod & Biocatalysis BBC Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Stephen.Hughes@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Eric/0000-0002-1665-6229; Cotta, Michael/0000-0003-4565-7754; Dien, Bruce/0000-0003-3863-6664 FU SBIR Phase 1 CSREES [2006-3361016796] FX Partially supported by SBIR Phase 1 CSREES Grant Award: 2006-3361016796. NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-619X J9 PLASMID JI Plasmid PD JAN PY 2009 VL 61 IS 1 BP 22 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.plasmid.2008.09.001 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology SC Genetics & Heredity; Microbiology GA 385BU UT WOS:000261788700003 PM 18831987 ER PT J AU Kikis, EA Oka, Y Hudson, ME Nagatani, A Quail, PH AF Kikis, Elise A. Oka, Yoshito Hudson, Matthew E. Nagatani, Akira Quail, Peter H. TI Residues Clustered in the Light-Sensing Knot of Phytochrome B are Necessary for Conformer-Specific Binding to Signaling Partner PIF3 SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID REVERSE 2-HYBRID SYSTEM; LOOP-HELIX PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NEGATIVE REGULATOR; RED-LIGHT; INTERACTING FACTOR-3; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; MEDIATED DEGRADATION; PLANT PHYTOCHROMES; HISTIDINE KINASE AB The bHLH transcription factor, PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR 3 (PIF3), interacts specifically with the photoactivated, Pfr, form of Arabidopsis phytochrome B (phyB). This interaction induces PIF3 phosphorylation and degradation in vivo and modulates phyB-mediated seedling deetiolation in response to red light. To identify missense mutations in the phyB N-terminal domain that disrupt this interaction, we developed a yeast reverse-hybrid screen. Fifteen individual mutations identified in this screen, or in previous genetic screens for Arabidopsis mutants showing reduced sensitivity to red light, were shown to also disrupt light-induced binding of phyB to PIF3 in in vitro co-immunoprecipitation assays. These phyB missense mutants fall into two general classes: Class I (eleven mutants) containing those defective in light signal perception, due to aberrant chromophore attachment or photoconversion, and Class II (four mutants) containing those normal in signal perception, but defective in the capacity to transduce this signal to PIF3. By generating a homology model for the three-dimensional structure of the Arabidopsis phyB chromophore-binding region, based on the crystal structure of Deinococcus radiodurans phytochrome, we predict that three of the four Class II mutated phyB residues are solvent exposed in a cleft between the presumptive PAS and GAF domains. This deduction suggests that these residues could be directly required for the physical interaction of phyB with PIF3. Because these three residues are also necessary for phyB-imposed inhibition of hypocotyl elongation in response to red light, they are functionally necessary for signal transfer from photoactivated phyB, not only to PIF3 and other related bHLH transcription factors tested here, but also to other downstream signaling components involved in regulating seedling deetiolation. C1 [Kikis, Elise A.; Oka, Yoshito; Quail, Peter H.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Kikis, Elise A.; Oka, Yoshito; Quail, Peter H.] USDA ARS, Ctr Plant Gene Express, Albany, CA 94710 USA. [Hudson, Matthew E.] Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Nagatani, Akira] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Biol, Kyoto, Japan. RP Kikis, EA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Biochem Mol Biol & Cell Biol, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. EM quail@nature.berkeley.edu RI Hudson, Matthew/A-4438-2008 OI Hudson, Matthew/0000-0002-4737-0936 FU Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists; National Institutes of Health [GM47475]; Department of Energy [DE-FG03-87ER13742]; US Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System [5335-21000-027-00D]; USDA CSREES [AG 200834488-19433, AG 2006-34346-17100, AG 2006-34488-16915, AG 2006-35604-16731]; National Science Foundation [0641639, 0743154]; Energy Biosciences Institute; Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research; Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center at the University of Illinois; Urbana-Champaign and the University of Illinois Critical Research Initiative; Kyoto University [A14]; [(B) 17370018]; [17084002] FX YO was supported by a Research Fellowship from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science for Young Scientists. The research in this laboratory is supported by National Institutes of Health Grant GM47475, Department of Energy Grant DE-FG03-87ER13742, and the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service Current Research Information System 5335-21000-027-00D. Research in the MEH laboratory is funded by USDA CSREES grant numbers AG 200834488-19433, AG 2006-34346-17100, AG 2006-34488-16915 and AG 2006-35604-16731, National Science Foundation award numbers 0641639 and 0743154, the Energy Biosciences Institute, the Illinois Council for Food and Agricultural Research, the Soybean Disease Biotechnology Center at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign and the University of Illinois Critical Research Initiative. This work was also partially supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) 17370018 (to AN), a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas 17084002 (to AN) and a Grant- in-Aid for 21st Century COE Research, Kyoto University (A14) (to AN). NR 60 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7390 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 5 IS 1 AR e1000352 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000352 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 447VW UT WOS:000266221100034 PM 19165330 ER PT J AU Tanaka, T Shen, J Abecasis, GR Kisialiou, A Ordovas, JM Guralnik, JM Singleton, A Bandinelli, S Cherubini, A Arnett, D Tsai, MY Ferrucci, L AF Tanaka, Toshiko Shen, Jian Abecasis, Goncalo R. Kisialiou, Aliaksei Ordovas, Jose M. Guralnik, Jack M. Singleton, Andrew Bandinelli, Stefania Cherubini, Antonio Arnett, Donna Tsai, Michael Y. Ferrucci, Luigi TI Genome-Wide Association Study of Plasma Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the InCHIANTI Study SO PLOS GENETICS LA English DT Article ID PROLIFERATOR-ACTIVATED RECEPTOR; ALPHA-LINOLENIC ACID; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY-INTAKE; FISH CONSUMPTION; GENETIC-VARIANTS; RISK; EXPRESSION; OMEGA-3-FATTY-ACIDS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have a role in many physiological processes, including energy production, modulation of inflammation, and maintenance of cell membrane integrity. High plasma PUFA concentrations have been shown to have beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease and mortality. To identify genetic contributors of plasma PUFA concentrations, we conducted a genome-wide association study of plasma levels of six omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids in 1,075 participants in the InCHIANTI study on aging. The strongest evidence for association was observed in a region of chromosome 11 that encodes three fatty acid desaturases (FADS1, FADS2, FADS3). The SNP with the most significant association was rs174537 near FADS1 in the analysis of arachidonic acid (AA; p = 5.95x10(-46)). Minor allele homozygotes had lower AA compared to the major allele homozygotes and rs174537 accounted for 18.6% of the additive variance in AA concentrations. This SNP was also associated with levels of eicosadienoic acid (EDA; p = 6.78x10(-9)) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA; p = 1.07x10(-14)). Participants carrying the allele associated with higher AA, EDA, and EPA also had higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and total cholesterol levels. Outside the FADS gene cluster, the strongest region of association mapped to chromosome 6 in the region encoding an elongase of very long fatty acids 2 (ELOVL2). In this region, association was observed with EPA (rs953413; p = 1.1x10(-6)). The effects of rs174537 were confirmed in an independent sample of 1,076 subjects participating in the GOLDN study. The ELOVL2 SNP was associated with docosapentanoic and DHA but not with EPA in GOLDN. These findings show that polymorphisms of genes encoding enzymes in the metabolism of PUFA contribute to plasma concentrations of fatty acids. C1 [Tanaka, Toshiko; Ferrucci, Luigi] Medstar Res Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. [Tanaka, Toshiko; Ferrucci, Luigi] NIA, Clin Res Branch, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA. [Shen, Jian; Ordovas, Jose M.] Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM USDA, Lab Nutr Genom, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Abecasis, Goncalo R.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biostat, Ctr Stat Genet, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kisialiou, Aliaksei; Bandinelli, Stefania; Ferrucci, Luigi] ASF, Geriatr Rehabil Unit, Florence, Italy. [Guralnik, Jack M.] NIA, Lab Epidemiol Demog & Biometry, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Singleton, Andrew] NIA, Neurogenet Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cherubini, Antonio] Univ Perugia, Inst Gerontol & Geriatr, Dept Clin & Expt Med, I-06100 Perugia, Italy. [Arnett, Donna] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Arnett, Donna] Univ Alabama, Clin Nutr Res Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. [Tsai, Michael Y.] Univ Minnesota, Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN USA. RP Tanaka, T (reprint author), Medstar Res Inst, Baltimore, MD USA. EM tanakato@mail.nih.gov RI Kisialiou, Aliaksei/J-8771-2016; Singleton, Andrew/C-3010-2009; Abecasis, Goncalo/B-7840-2010; OI Kisialiou, Aliaksei/0000-0001-7287-9454; Abecasis, Goncalo/0000-0003-1509-1825; Cherubini, Antonio/0000-0003-0261-9897; Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 FU R&D contract with MedStar Research Institute; NIH; National Institute on Aging; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01 HL72524, HL-54776, DK075030]; US Department of Agriculture Research Service [53-K06-5-10, 58-1950-9-001] FX This study was supported in part by the R&D contract with MedStar Research Institute, the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute on Aging and by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Grant U01 HL72524, Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Triglycerides; Grants HL-54776 and DK075030, and by contracts 53-K06-5-10 and 58-1950-9-001 from the US Department of Agriculture Research Service. NR 55 TC 185 Z9 189 U1 0 U2 18 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7390 J9 PLOS GENET JI PLoS Genet. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 5 IS 1 AR e1000338 DI 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000338 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 447VW UT WOS:000266221100020 PM 19148276 ER PT S AU Liu, ZS Erhan, SZ AF Liu, Zengshe Erhan, Sevim Z. BE Celina, MC Wiggins, JS Billingham, NC TI Synthesis of Soy Polymers Using a "Green" Processing Method SO POLYMER DEGRADATION AND PERFORMANCE SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Polymer Performance Degradation and Materials Selection held at the ACS Spring Meeting CY MAR, 2007 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Chem Soc ID DIVINYLBENZENE THERMOSETTING COPOLYMERS; SOLID FREEFORM FABRICATION; OIL-BASED COMPOSITES; SOYBEAN OIL; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CURING AGENTS; STYRENE; POLYOLS AB Polymers with lower molecular weight (<= 24, 908 g/mol), derived from soybean oil were prepared in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO(2)) medium using boron trifluoride diethyl etherate, BF(3)center dot O(C(2)H(5))(2) initiator. Influences of polymerization temperature, initiator amount, and carbon dioxide pressure on the molecular weight were investigated. Results showed that the higher polymerization temperature favors polymers with relatively higher molecular weights. Larger amounts of initiator also produced polymers with higher molecular weights. Higher pressure favored higher molecular weight polymers. C1 [Liu, Zengshe; Erhan, Sevim Z.] ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res, NCAUR, USDA, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Liu, ZS (reprint author), ARS, Food & Ind Oil Res, NCAUR, USDA, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6978-1 J9 ACS SYM SER PY 2009 VL 1004 BP 70 EP 87 PG 18 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA BQE85 UT WOS:000280805100007 ER PT J AU Yadama, V Lowell, EC Peterson, N Nicholls, D AF Yadama, Vikram Lowell, Eini C. Peterson, Nels Nicholls, David TI Wood-Thermoplastic Composites Manufactured Using Beetle-Killed Spruce from Alaska SO POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; WHITE; FTIR; LIGNIN AB The primary objectives of the study were to characterize the critical properties of wood flour produced using highly deteriorated beetle-killed spruce for wood-plastic composite (WPC) production and evaluate important mechanical and physical properties of WPC extruded using an industry standard formulation. Chemical composition analysis indicated no significant differences in wood constituents between highly deteriorated and sound wood. Preliminary investigation with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), however, indicated partial degradation or depolymerization of carbohydrate components in highly deteriorated wood compared to sound wood from green trees; effects of these changes could be seen in cell collapse and poor interaction between thermoplastic matrix and deteriorated wood fiber. Physical and mechanical properties of extruded WPCs manufactured from highly deteriorated material were comparable to WPC properties produced using pine wood flour that served as a control material. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 49:129-136, 2009. (C) 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers C1 [Yadama, Vikram; Peterson, Nels] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lowell, Eini C.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Portland, OR 97205 USA. [Nicholls, David] Pacific NW Res Stn, Sitka, AK 99835 USA. RP Yadama, V (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM vyadama@wsu.edu NR 23 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0032-3888 J9 POLYM ENG SCI JI Polym. Eng. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 49 IS 1 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1002/pen.21231 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 388RW UT WOS:000262037900015 ER PT J AU Marin, AB Colonna, AE Kudo, K Kupferman, EM Mattheis, JR AF Marin, Anna B. Colonna, Ann E. Kudo, Koei Kupferman, Eugene M. Mattheis, James R. TI Measuring consumer response to 'Gala' apples treated with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gala apples; Malus sylvestris L. (Mill.) var. domestica Borkh. Mansf.; 1-Methylcyclopropene; 1-MCP; Consumer taste tests ID STORAGE-TEMPERATURE; VOLATILE PRODUCTION; ATMOSPHERE STORAGE; SENSORY QUALITY; AROMA COMPOUNDS; PREFERENCE; VARIETIES; IMPACT; FRUIT AB Post-harvest apple treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was previously found to inhibit fruit ripening but also to inhibit the production of volatile compounds that contribute to apple flavor. The first objective of this study was to determine if consumers could distinguish 1-MCP treated and untreated Gala apples [Malus sylvestris L. (Mill.) var. domestica Borkh. Mansf.] following long-term storage. Chemical analysis showed 1-MCP treated fruit had reduced flavor volatiles compared to untreated fruit. Consumer difference tests showed they could distinguish between 1-MCP treated and untreated fruit. A second objective was to compare consumers' acceptance for 1-MCP treated to untreated apples. Both 1-MCP treated and untreated apples received high overall liking scores that were not significantly different. Equal numbers of consumers indicated preference for 1-MCP treated and untreated fruit and there was no difference in purchase intent. However, subsets of consumers who eat Gala, Fuji or Red Delicious apples showed preference for untreated over 1-MCP treated fruit compared to consumers who do not eat these varieties. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Marin, Anna B.; Colonna, Ann E.] Oregon State Univ, Food Innovat Ctr Expt Stn, Portland, OR 97209 USA. [Kudo, Koei] Portland State Univ, Syst Sci Dept, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Kupferman, Eugene M.] Washington State Univ, Ctr Tree Fruit Res & Extens, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. [Mattheis, James R.] USDA ARS, Tree Fruit Res Lab, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA. RP Marin, AB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Food Innovat Ctr Expt Stn, 1207 NW Naito Pkwy, Portland, OR 97209 USA. EM anna.marin@oregonstate.edu FU Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission; Agroftesh, Inc FX This research was supported by Washington Tree Fruit Research Commission and by Agroftesh, Inc. We also thank Stemilt Growers, Inc. for use of storage rooms and assistance with 1-MCP treatment. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 51 IS 1 BP 73 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2008.06.008 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA 391DT UT WOS:000262214300010 ER PT J AU Dennis, RL Fahey, AG Cheng, HW AF Dennis, R. L. Fahey, A. G. Cheng, H. W. TI Infrared beak treatment method compared with conventional hot-blade trimming in laying hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE infrared beak treatment; hot-blade beak trimming; stress; production; hen ID BODY-WEIGHT; ANATOMICAL CONSEQUENCES; FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY; FEATHER CONDITION; EGG-PRODUCTION; STRESS; BEHAVIOR; CHICKEN; SYSTEMS; RESPONSES AB Infrared lasers have been widely used for noninvasive surgical applications in human medicine, and their results are reliable, predictable, and reproducible. Infrared lasers have recently been designed for the express purpose of providing a less painful, more precise beak-trimming method compared with conventional beak trimming. This study was designed to examine the potential of the infrared (IR) beak treatment to provide a welfare-friendly alternative to the conventional hot-blade method for chickens. The birds were beak trimmed by IR at the hatchery or by hot blade at 7 to 10 d of age in a commercial production setting, in accordance with standard procedures. The beak morphology and associated physiological characteristics, including production and aggressive behavior of the birds, were analyzed at 30 wk of age. There was no difference in egg production or bird BW between the 2 beak-trimming treatments. Birds also exhibited no difference in stress physiology measured in the study, such as fluctuating asymmetry and heterophil and lymphocyte profiles. However, birds receiving the IR treatment showed a superior feather condition and reduced aggressiveness under high light intensity, even though they had longer beak stumps. The results may indicate that the IR beak treatment may reduce the damage done by aggressive pecking and feather pecking. Indeed, IR trimming may provide a more welfare-friendly alternative to conventional beak trimming without compromising productivity. C1 [Dennis, R. L.; Fahey, A. G.; Cheng, H. W.] USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Dennis, R. L.; Fahey, A. G.] Purdue Univ, Dept Anim Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Cheng, HW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Behav Res Unit, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM Heng-wei.Cheng@ars.usda.gov OI Fahey, Alan/0000-0002-4594-5767 NR 31 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 20 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00227 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 389KJ UT WOS:000262091000006 PM 19096054 ER PT J AU Roche, AJ Cox, NA Richardson, LJ Buhr, RJ Cason, JA Fairchild, BD Hinkle, NC AF Roche, A. J. Cox, N. A. Richardson, L. J. Buhr, R. J. Cason, J. A. Fairchild, B. D. Hinkle, N. C. TI Transmission of Salmonella to broilers by contaminated larval and adult lesser mealworms, Alphitobius diaperinus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Alphitobius diaperinus; Salmonella Typhimurium; lesser mealworm; darkling beetle; broiler ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TYPHIMURIUM; RESERVOIR; BEETLES; PANZER; CHICKS; LITTER AB The ability of the lesser mealworm, Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer), commonly known as the darkling beetle, to transmit marker Salmonella Typhimurium to day-of-hatch broiler chicks was evaluated, as well as the spread to nonchallenged pen mates. In trial 1, day-of-hatch chicks were orally gavaged with 4 larval or 4 adult beetles that had been exposed to marker Salmonella-inoculated feed for 72 h. In addition, chicks were gavaged with the marker Salmonella in saline solution. These chicks were then placed into pens to serve as challenged broilers. In trial 2, all pens received 2 challenged chicks that were gavaged with larvae or beetles that had been exposed to marker Salmonella-inoculated feed for 24 h and then removed from the inoculated feed for a period of 7 d. At 3 wk of age, cecal samples from the marker Salmonella-challenged broilers and from 5 pen mates in trial 1, or 10 pen mates in trial 2, were evaluated for the presence of the marker Salmonella in their ceca, and at 6 wk of age, all remaining pen mates were sampled. To monitor the presence of the marker Salmonella within pens, stepped-on drag swab litter samples were taken weekly. For the Salmonella-saline pens, 29 to 33% of the broilers that had been challenged and 10 to 55% of the pen mates were positive at 3 wk of age, and only 2 to 6% had positive ceca at 6 wk. For the pens challenged with adult beetles, 0 to 57% of the challenged broilers and 20 to 40% of the pen mates had positive ceca at 3 wk, and 4 to 7% were positive at 6 wk. The pens challenged with larvae had the greatest percentage of marker Salmonella-positive broilers; 25 to 33% of the challenged broilers and 45 to 58% of pen mates were positive at 3 wk, and 11 to 27% were positive at 6 wk. These results demonstrated that ingestion of larval or adult beetles contaminated with a marker Salmonella could be a significant vector for transmission to broilers. C1 [Roche, A. J.; Hinkle, N. C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Cason, J. A.] USDA ARS, Swine Physiol Res Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Cason, J. A.] USDA ARS, Poultry Proc Unit, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Fairchild, B. D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Hinkle, NC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Entomol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM nhinkle@uga.edu NR 15 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 44 EP 48 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00235 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 389KJ UT WOS:000262091000007 PM 19096055 ER PT J AU de los Santos, FS Donoghue, AM Venkitanarayanan, K Metcalf, JH Reyes-Herrera, I Dirain, ML Aguiar, VF Blore, PJ Donoghue, DJ AF de los Santos, F. Solis Donoghue, A. M. Venkitanarayanan, K. Metcalf, J. H. Reyes-Herrera, I. Dirain, M. L. Aguiar, V. F. Blore, P. J. Donoghue, D. J. TI The natural feed additive caprylic acid decreases Campylobacter jejuni colonization in market-aged broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE caprylic acid; medium-chain fatty acid; Campylobacter; chicken; feed withdrawal period ID IN-VITRO INACTIVATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MILK LIPIDS; SALMONELLA; WITHDRAWAL; CONTAMINATION; INFECTION; BOVINE; ENTERITIDIS; MORPHOLOGY AB Campylobacter causes human foodborne illness, and epidemiological evidence indicates poultry and poultry products as a significant source of human infection. Decreasing Campylobacter in the poultry intestinal tract would decrease contamination of poultry products. Caprylic acid is a medium-chain fatty acid reported to be effective in killing a variety of bacterial pathogens, including Campylobacter jejuni, but its effect has not been investigated in the control of C. jejuni in preslaughter market-aged poultry already colonized with this bacterium. The objective of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of caprylic acid on C. jejuni counts in the cecal contents of 42-d-old chickens. Four trials were conducted. In the first 2 trials, day-of-hatch chicks (n = 60 per trial) were assigned to 6 treatment groups (n = 10 birds per treatment group): positive controls (Campylobacter, no caprylic acid), 0.7 or 1.4% of caprylic acid in feed for the last 3 d of the trial with or without a 12-h feed withdrawal. Treatments were similar for trials 3 and 4 except the doses used were 0.35 or 0.7% caprylic acid supplementation for the last 7 d of the trial. On d 42, ceca were collected and Campylobacter counts determined. The supplementation of caprylic acid at 0.35 and 0.7% consistently decreased (P < 0.05) the colonization of C. jejuni in the chicken ceca compared with positive control treatment. When these treatments were evaluated after a 12-h feed withdrawal period, 0.7% caprylic acid decreased Campylobacter colonization in the 3-d treatment supplementation. Body weight and feed consumption did not differ between the caprylic acid and control groups. The results suggest that therapeutic supplementation of caprylic acid in the feed can effectively decrease Campylobacter in market-aged chickens and may be a potential treatment for decreasing pathogen carriage in poultry. C1 [de los Santos, F. Solis; Metcalf, J. H.; Reyes-Herrera, I.; Dirain, M. L.; Aguiar, V. F.; Blore, P. J.; Donoghue, D. J.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Venkitanarayanan, K.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Anim Sci, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Donoghue, DJ (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Poultry Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM ddonogh@uark.edu FU USDA FX This work was supported in part by USDA, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service National Integrated Food Safety Program 2006-02429 to K. Venkitanarayanan and D. J. Donoghue. NR 31 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 9 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 61 EP 64 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00228 PG 4 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 389KJ UT WOS:000262091000010 ER PT J AU Proszkowiec-Weglarz, M Richards, MP AF Proszkowiec-Weglarz, M. Richards, M. P. TI Expression and activity of the 5 '-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase pathway in selected tissues during chicken embryonic development SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase; 5 '-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; LKB1; chicken embryo; energy balance ID SKELETAL-MUSCLE; PROGESTERONE SECRETION; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; CELLULAR-ENERGY; AMPK ACTIVATION; GRANULOSA-CELLS; LKB1; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLISM; RESISTANCE AB The 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a highly conserved serine-threonine protein kinase and a key part of a kinase-signaling cascade that senses cellular energy status (adenosine monophosphate: adenosine triphosphate ratio) and acts to maintain energy homeostasis by coordinately regulating energy-consuming and energy-generating metabolic pathways. The objective of this study was to investigate aspects of the AMPK pathway in the liver, brain, breast muscle, and heart from d 12 of incubation through hatch in chickens. We first determined mRNA and protein expression profiles for a major upstream AMPK kinase, LKB1, which is known to activate (phosphorylate) AMPK in response to increases in the adenosine monophosphate: adenosine triphosphate ratio. Expression of LKB1 protein was greatest in the brain, which demonstrated tissue-specific patterns for phosphorylation. Next, AMPK subunit mRNA and protein expression profiles were determined. Significant changes in AMPK subunit mRNA expression occurred in all tissues from d 12 of incubation to hatch. Differences in the levels of active (phosphorylated) AMPK as well as a and beta subunit proteins were observed in all 4 tissues during embryonic development. Finally, we determined the protein level and phosphorylation status of an important downstream target for AMPK, acetylcoenzyme A carboxylase. The expression of acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase and phosphorylated acetyl-coenzyme A was greater in the brain than the liver, but was undetectable by Western blotting in the breast muscle and heart throughout the period of study. Together, our results are the first to demonstrate the expression and activity of the AMPK pathway in key tissues during the transition from embryonic to posthatch development in chickens. C1 [Proszkowiec-Weglarz, M.; Richards, M. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Richards, MP (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Biosci & Biotechnol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Mark.Richards@ars.usda.gov NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0032-5791 EI 1525-3171 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 159 EP 178 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00262 PG 20 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 389KJ UT WOS:000262091000022 PM 19096070 ER PT J AU Siopes, TD Proudman, JA AF Siopes, T. D. Proudman, J. A. TI Exposure duration to long day lengths associated with the expression of photorefractoriness in turkey breeder hens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE photoperiod; photorefractoriness; turkey; egg production; season ID AMERICAN TREE SPARROWS; THYROID-HORMONE; EGG-PRODUCTION; ABSOLUTE PHOTOREFRACTORINESS; SPIZELLA-ARBOREA; IOPANOIC ACID; SEASONALITY; STARLINGS; INHIBITOR; THYROXINE AB In addition to inducing egg production, exposure to long days concomitantly activates processes that eventually result in photorefractoriness (PR) and cessation of egg production. Experiments were conducted to evaluate the duration of exposure to long days that result in these processes. In each of 3 experiments, we subjected Large White turkey breeder hens to long days (16 or 18 h per day) for differing lengths of time from initial photostimulation and then returned them to a photoperiod (12L:12D) that provided sufficient, but decreased, photoperiodic drive to support egg production but not induce PR. Photoresponsiveness was then evaluated by egg production after a return to a longer day length (20 h per day) late in the lay period and beyond the mean onset of PR typical for these turkey hens. Hens that have undergone any reduction in photoresponsiveness should not increase egg production in response to the increased photoperiod. From experiments 1 and 2, exposure to long days for as little as 1 d and as much as 9 wk from initial photostimulation did not result in an alteration in subsequent photoresponsiveness. This was based on an increased egg production response to a change in photoperiod from 12L:12D to 20L:4D after 20 wk of photostimulation that was similar to controls held continuously on 12L: 12D and opposite to the response of controls held continuously on 18L:6D. It was clear that PR had been fully programmed by 20 wk of exposure to long days. Exposure to long days for 12 wk (experiment 3) resulted in a partial alteration of subsequent photoresponsiveness. It was concluded that programming of PR during late spring-summer season occurs after 9 wk of long day exposure, is not fully expressed by 12 wk of long days, and can be fully expressed by 20 wk of photostimulation. C1 [Siopes, T. D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Proudman, J. A.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Siopes, TD (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Poultry Sci, Box 7608, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tom_siopes@ncsu.edu NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 191 EP 198 DI 10.3382/ps.2008-00264 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 389KJ UT WOS:000262091000025 PM 19096073 ER PT J AU Zhuang, H Savage, EM AF Zhuang, H. Savage, E. M. TI Variation and Pearson correlation coefficients of Warner-Bratzler shear force measurements within broiler breast fillets SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE texture; broiler breast; deboning time; storage; Warner-Bratzler shear ID ALLO-KRAMER; SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS; PECTORALIS-MUSCLE; TENDERNESS; MEAT; VALUES AB Measurements of texture properties related to tenderness at different locations within deboned broiler breast fillets have been used to validate techniques for texture analysis and establish correlations between different texture evaluation methods. However, it has been demonstrated that meat texture can vary from location to location within individual muscles. The objective of our study was to investigate the intramuscular variation and Pearson correlation coefficients of Warner-Bratzler (WB) shear force measurements within early deboned broiler breast fillets and the effect of deboning time and cold storage on the variation and correlation coefficients. Broiler breast fillets were removed from carcasses early postmortem (2 h) and later postmortem (24 h). Storage treatments of the 2 h samples included 0 d, 7 d at 3 C, 7 d at -20 degrees C, and 6 d at -20 degrees C plus 1 d at 3 degrees C. The WB shears of cooked fillets were measured using a TA-XTPlus Texture Analyzer and a TA-7 WB shear type blade. Our results showed that although the average WB shear force values differed within the 0-d, 2-h fillets, compared with the variation among the fillets within the treatment, the difference within a fillet is still evidently small. The Pearson correlation coefficients were significant between the locations; however, values of the correlation coefficients depended on the paired locations. Location differences in the WB shear values and the correlation coefficient values between them changed with deboning time and cold storage. These results demonstrate that the variation of WB shear force measurements is substantial within early deboned broiler breast fillets and the Pearson correlation coefficient values of the measurements vary among the locations. Both the variation and the Pearson correlation coefficients can be affected by postmortem aging time and storage. The differences in the means between the locations in early deboned breasts are much smaller than the variation among the fillets. C1 [Zhuang, H.; Savage, E. M.] ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30604 USA. RP Zhuang, H (reprint author), ARS, Qual & Safety Assessment Res Unit, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, POB 5677, Athens, GA 30604 USA. EM hong.zhuang@ars.usda.gov NR 23 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 7 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSOC INC PI SAVOY PA 1111 N DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874-9604 USA SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 88 IS 1 BP 214 EP 220 DI 10.3382/ps.2007-00442 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA 389KJ UT WOS:000262091000028 PM 19096076 ER PT J AU Knotts, TA Lee, HW Kim, JB Oort, PJ McPherson, R Dent, R Tachibana, K Doi, T Yu, ST Reddy, JK Uno, K Katagiri, H Pasarica, M Smith, SR Sears, DD Grino, M Adams, SH AF Knotts, Trina A. Lee, Hyun Woo Kim, Jae Bum Oort, Pieter J. McPherson, Ruth Dent, Robert Tachibana, Keisuke Doi, Takefumi Yu, Songtao Reddy, Janardan K. Uno, Kenji Katagiri, Hideki Pasarica, Magdalena Smith, Steven R. Sears, Dorothy D. Grino, Michel Adams, Sean H. TI Molecular Characterization of the Tumor Suppressor Candidate 5 Gene: Regulation by PPAR gamma and Identification of TUSC5 Coding Variants in Lean and Obese Humans SO PPAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TYPE-2 DIABETIC SUBJECTS; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; ADIPOGENESIS; EXPRESSION; RECRUITMENT; PROMOTER; REVERSES; BINDING; CLONING AB Tumor suppressor candidate 5 (TUSC5) is a gene expressed abundantly in white adipose tissue (WAT), brown adipose tissue (BAT), and peripheral afferent neurons. Strong adipocyte expression and increased expression following peroxisome proliferator activated receptor. (PPAR gamma) agonist treatment of 3T3-L1 adipocytes suggested a role for Tusc5 in fat cell proliferation and/or metabolism. However, the regulation of Tusc5 in WAT and its potential association with obesity phenotypes remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the TUSC5 gene is a bona fide PPAR gamma target and evaluated whether its WAT expression or single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TUSC5 coding region are associated with human obesity. Induction of Tusc5 mRNA levels in 3T3-L1 adipocytes by troglitazone and GW1929 followed a dose-response consistent with these agents' binding affinities for PPAR gamma. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) experiments confirmed that PPAR gamma protein binds a similar to -1.1 kb promotor sequence of murine TUSC5 transiently during 3T3-L1 adipogenesis, concurrent with histone H3 acetylation. No change in Tusc5 mRNA or protein levels was evident in type 2 diabetic patients treated with pioglitazone. Tusc5 expression was not induced appreciably in liver preparations overexpressing PPARs, suggesting that tissue-specific factors regulate PPAR gamma responsiveness of the TUSC5 gene. Finally, we observed no differences in Tusc5 WAT expression or prevalence of coding region SNPs in lean versus obese human subjects. These studies firmly establish the murine TUSC5 gene locus as a PPAR gamma target, but the significance of Tusc5 in obesity phenotypes or in the pharmacologic actions of PPAR gamma agonists in humans remains equivocal. Copyright (C) 2009 Trina A. Knotts et al. C1 [Knotts, Trina A.; Oort, Pieter J.; Adams, Sean H.] USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lee, Hyun Woo; Kim, Jae Bum] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dept Biophys & Chem Biol, Seoul 151742, South Korea. [McPherson, Ruth; Dent, Robert] Univ Ottawa, Inst Heart, Div Cardiol, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada. [Tachibana, Keisuke; Doi, Takefumi] Osaka Univ, Grad Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Suita, Osaka 5650871, Japan. [Yu, Songtao; Reddy, Janardan K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Pathol, Feinberg Sch Med, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Uno, Kenji; Katagiri, Hideki] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Med, Div Adv Therapeut Metab Dis, Sendai, Miyagi 9808576, Japan. [Pasarica, Magdalena; Smith, Steven R.] Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA. [Sears, Dorothy D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Grino, Michel] Hop Enfants La Timone, INSERM, UMR 626, F-13385 Marseille, France. [Grino, Michel] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Fac Med, Marseille, France. [Adams, Sean H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Adams, SH (reprint author), USDA ARS, Obes & Metab Res Unit, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sean.h.adams@ars.usda.gov FU USDA-ARS [5306-51530-016-00D]; Vitamin Cases Consumer Settlement Fund [CHNR08-801]; Korean Stem Cell Research Center of the 21st Century Frontier Research Program [sc-3230]; Korea government (MEST) [2009-0091913, DK083163, GM23750, HSFO NA-5413]; GlaxoSmithKline FX The first and the second authors contributed equally to this work. The authors wish to thank Drs. Craig H. Warden, Daniel H. Hwang, Mitchell A. Lazar, Pedro F. Marrero, Diego Haro, and Martina Lefterova for helpful editorial and interpretive input on the manuscript and express gratitude to Ms. Tamara N. Dunn for technical assistance. The authors also thank Dr. Len A. Pennacchio for his laboratory's efforts in DNA sequencing of Tusc5 in lean and obese subjects. Conflicts of Interest: No conflicts of interest to declare. This work was funded in part by the following: intramural USDA-ARS Project 5306-51530-016-00D and the Vitamin Cases Consumer Settlement Fund CHNR08-801 (to S. H. A.), Korean Stem Cell Research Center of the 21st Century Frontier Research Program (sc-3230) and the National Research Foundation grant funded by Korea government (MEST)(2009-0091913)(to J.B.K), grants DK083163 and GM23750 (to J.K.R.), and HSFO NA-5413 (to R. M.). Subject recruitment for sequence variant work was supported in part by a grant to R. M. and R. D. from GlaxoSmithKline. NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION PI NEW YORK PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 1687-4757 J9 PPAR RES JI PPAR Res. PY 2009 AR 867678 DI 10.1155/2009/867678 PG 13 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 670JR UT WOS:000283418100001 ER PT B AU D'Anci, KE Rosenberg, IH AF D'Anci, Kristen E. Rosenberg, Irwin H. BE Bendich, A Deckelbaum, RJ TI B Vitamins in the Prevention of Cognitive Decline and Vascular Dementia SO PREVENTIVE NUTRITION: THE COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, FOURTH EDITION SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Aging; Alzheimer's disease; B vitamins; cerebrovascular disease; cognition; dementia; folate; folic acid; vitamin B6; vitamin B12 ID TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS; FOLIC-ACID SUPPLEMENTATION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SACRAMENTO AREA LATINO; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; ELDERLY POPULATION; ALZHEIMER-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION AB As the number of elderly continues to increase worldwide, age-related neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia, are a growing concern. In some cases, vascular dementia and cognitive decline in aging are associated with nutritional status and elevated homocysteine, suggesting that improving nutritional status can play a meaningful role in the prevention of cognitive impairment. The research described in this chapter represents current understanding on the relationships of folate and vitamin B12 nutritional status with cognitive function and dementia in adults and elderly. Low B vitamin status is associated with increased homocysteine levels and there is evidence that insufficient B vitamin intake is associated with lower cognitive scores in comparison to adequate intake. However, higher rates of cognitive decline have been reported with high levels of folate and folic acid intake in adults, and memory performance may be impaired with high folate intake in individuals with low vitamin B12 status. Overall, studies reported lower folate blood levels and a higher prevalence of deficiency among subjects with dementia. In general, vitamin B12 serum levels were lower in patients with dementia relative to nondemented individuals; however, this relationship was not as consistent as that for folate. Subsequent to mandatory folic acid fortification, stroke mortality has decreased at a greater rate in the United States and Canada, Suggesting a positive effect of fortification oil cerebrovascular health. Interventions with folic acid and with combinations of B vitamins were able to improve cognitive function or prevent decline, especially in subjects with low nutrient status. As with the data for blood nutrient levels, evidence that vitamin B12 treatment improves cognitive function is conflicting and less positive. C1 [D'Anci, Kristen E.] Tufts Univ, Dept Psychol, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Rosenberg, Irwin H.] Tufts Univ, Sch Nutr Sci & Policy, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP D'Anci, KE (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Psychol, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM irwin.rosenberg@tufts.edu NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-60327-541-5 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2009 BP 325 EP 334 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-542-2_13 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BLY65 UT WOS:000271457000013 ER PT B AU Chiu, CJ Taylor, A AF Chiu, Chunk-Jung Taylor, Allen BE Bendich, A Deckelbaum, RJ TI Nutritional Antioxidants, Dietary Carbohydrate, and Age-Related Maculopathy and Cataract SO PREVENTIVE NUTRITION: THE COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS, FOURTH EDITION SE Nutrition and Health Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID NUCLEAR LENS OPACITIES; BLUE-MOUNTAINS-EYE; BEAVER DAM EYE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION; POSTERIOR SUBCAPSULAR CATARACTS; HIGH-DOSE SUPPLEMENTATION; TERM NUTRIENT INTAKE; MACULAR DEGENERATION; BETA-CAROTENE AB Loss of vision is the second greatest fear, next to death, among the elderly. Age-related cataract (ARC) and maculopathy (ARM) are two major causes of blindness worldwide. There are several important reasons to study relationships between risk for ARC/ARM and nutrition: (1) because it is likely that the same nutritional practices that are associated with prolonged eye function will also be associated with delayed age-related compromises to other organs and perhaps, aging in general; (2) surgical resources are insufficient to provide economic and safe surgeries for cataract and do not provide a widely practicable cure for ARM; (3) there will be considerable financial savings and improvements in quality of life if health is extended, particularly given the rapidly growing elderly segment of our population. It is clear that oxidative stress is associated with compromises to the lens and retina. Recent literature indicates that antioxidants may ameliorate the risk for ARM and probably ARC. Given the association between oxidative damage and age-related eye debilities, it is not surprising that over 70 studies have attempted to relate antioxidant intake to risk for ARC and ARM. This chapter will review epidemiological literature about ARC and ARM with emphasis on roles for vitamins C and E and carotenoids. Since glycation and glycoxidation are major molecular insults which involve an oxidative stress component, we also review for the first time new literature that relates dietary carbohydrate intake to risk for ARC and ARM. To evaluate dietary effects as a whole, several studies have tried to relate dietary patterns to risk for ARC. We will also give some attention to this emerging research. Proper nutrition, possibly including use of antioxidant supplements for the nutritionally impoverished, along with healthy life styles, eliminating smoking and obesity, appears to provide the least costly and most practical means to delay ARC and ARM. Given the promise of salutary effects of optimal nutrition on Visual function, further studies should be devoted to identifying the most effective nutritional and environmental strategy to prevent or delay the development and progress of ARM/ARC. The efforts should include identifying the right nutrient(s) or foods, defining useful levels of the nutrient(s), and determining the age when the supplementation should be begun. C1 [Chiu, Chunk-Jung; Taylor, Allen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Chiu, CJ (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Lab Nutr & Vis Res, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM allen.taylor@tufts.edu NR 127 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA BN 978-1-60327-541-5 J9 NUTR HEALTH SER JI Nutr. Health Ser. PY 2009 BP 501 EP 543 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-542-2_21 PG 43 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA BLY65 UT WOS:000271457000021 ER PT J AU Fuglie, KO Thiele, G AF Fuglie, Keith O. Thiele, Graham BE Raitzer, DA Norton, GW TI Research Priority Assessment at the International Potato Center (CIP) SO PRIORITIZING AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH FOR DEVELOPMENT: EXPERIENCES AND LESSONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Priority assessment; potato (Solanum tuberosum); sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas); economic surplus; poverty impact; returns to research; international agricultural research AB Since the 1990s, CIP has employed formal economic ex ante and ex post assessment of research to help guide research resource allocation at the Center. Initial work in the mid-1990s on ex ante priority assessment developed estimates of anticipated impacts for each constraints-based project in the Center's research programmes on potato, sweet potato and natural resource management. These estimates confirmed that the Center's investment in most of these projects was broadly appropriate and contributed to some realignment of projects that appeared to have lower impact potential. Subsequent ex post impact studies revealed that some of the research projects were unlikely to achieve their anticipated impacts, whereas other projects exceeded their projected impacts. A second round of programme-wide ex ante priority assessment was carried out in 2005 as part of the Center's strategic plan. The findings from the ex post impact studies were an important input to the new assessment exercise and contributed substantially to revised estimates of anticipated impacts. This impact assessment went beyond economic surplus measures to model the likely impacts of research on metrics for poverty. The influence of formal priority assessment on Center programmes diminished, however, as increased reliance on restricted funding reduced the Center's flexibility in allocating research resources. C1 [Fuglie, Keith O.] ERS, USDA, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Thiele, Graham] Int Potato Ctr, Lima 12, Peru. RP Fuglie, KO (reprint author), ERS, USDA, 1800 M St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM kfuglie@ers.usda.gov; g.thiele@cgiar.org NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CABI PUBLISHING-C A B INT PI WALLINGFORD PA CABI PUBLISHING, WALLINGFORD 0X10 8DE, OXON, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84593-566-5 PY 2009 BP 25 EP 43 DI 10.1079/9781845935665.0025 D2 10.1079/9781845935665.0000 PG 19 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA BWB70 UT WOS:000293378200004 ER PT J AU Lavigne, RJ Pogue, MG AF Lavigne, Robert J. Pogue, Michael G. TI ETHOLOGY OF OMNINABLAUTUS NIGRONOTUM (WILCOX) (DIPTERA: ASILIDAE) IN WYOMING SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Insecta; Diptera; Asilidae; Omninablautus nigronotum; behavior; feeding; courtship; mating AB In southwestern Wyoming, adult Omninablautus nigronotum (Wilcox) hunted primarily from the surface of sandy Substrate in a greasewood community. Prey, captured in flight, represented four insect orders with Diptera and Hymenoptera predominating. Courtship consisted of the male approaching the female from the front, bobbing up and down, Simultaneously waving its fore tarsi, and weaving back and forth. The flies positioned themselves linearly for mating following initial copulation in the male atop female position. C1 [Lavigne, Robert J.] S Australian Museum, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. [Lavigne, Robert J.] Univ Wyoming, Coll Agr, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82070 USA. [Pogue, Michael G.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Smithsonian Inst,NMNH, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Lavigne, RJ (reprint author), S Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. EM lavigne@netspace.net.au; michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation [GB-296 17X] FX This research was supported in part by National Science Foundation Research Grant GB-296 17X. We express our appreciation to the following taxonomists for identification of the various prey: R. J. Gagne (Cecidomyiidae), E. E. Grissell (Eulophidae), L. Knutson (Bombyliidae), J. P. Kramer (Cicadellidae), D. R. Smith (Formicidae), and F. C. Thompson (Anthomylidae) of the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA. NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.1 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 403YM UT WOS:000263117900001 ER PT J AU Pogue, MG AF Pogue, Michael G. TI A REVIEW OF THE TRIPUDIA QUADRIFERA (ZELLER) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) SPECIES COMPLEX SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Eustrotiinae; New World; new species; taxonomy AB Specimens comprising the species Tripudia quadrifera (Zeller) and Tripudia grapholithoides (Moschler) were discovered to contain six new species: Tripudia rectangula, n. sp., from the eastern United States; Tripudia paraplesia, n. sp., from eastern Mexico; Tripudia flavibrunnea, n. sp., from Mexico, Guatemala, and the Dominican Republic; Tripudia lamina, n. sp., from eastern Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, Venezuela, and Ecuador; Tripudia furcula, n. sp., from El Salvador and Honduras; and Tripudia fabrilium, n. sp., from Pernambuco, Brazil. Adults and male and female genitalia are illustrated. Known collection sites of all species are mapped. Keys to the male and female genitalia are provided, as this is the only reliable way to separate these species. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Pogue, MG (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM michael.pogue@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1 BP 68 EP 97 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.68 PG 30 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 403YM UT WOS:000263117900010 ER PT J AU Henry, TJ Pena, JE Long, D Acevedo, F AF Henry, Thomas J. Pena, J. E. Long, D. Acevedo, F. TI STETHOCONUS PRAEFECTUS (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE): FIRST NORTH AMERICAN RECORDS OF AN OLD WORLD PLANT BUG PREDACIOUS ON AVOCADO LACE BUG, PSEUDACYSTA PERSEAE (HEMIPTERA: TINGIDAE), IN FLORIDA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Heteroptera; United States; description; new records; host ID TYPICUS DISTANT HETEROPTERA; JAPONICUS HETEROPTERA; COCONUT PALM; PREDATOR; PEST AB The plant bug Stethoconus praefectus (Distant), a member of the subfamily Deraeocorinae and tribe Hyaliodini, is reported in North America for the first time based on specimens collected on avocado, Persea americana L. (Lauraceae), in South Florida. This predatory mirid, observed feeding on avocado lace bug, Pseudacysta perseae (Heidemann), is only the second lace bug specialist established in the Western Hemisphere. The adult is diagnosed and redescribed; photographs of the adult female, SEM photomicrographs of selected structures, and illustrations of male genitalia are given to help distinguish this species. Preliminary observations on feeding habits and prey consumption of avocado lace bugs are provided. C1 [Henry, Thomas J.] ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Pena, J. E.; Long, D.; Acevedo, F.] Univ Florida, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Ctr Trop Res & Educ, Homestead, FL 33031 USA. RP Henry, TJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Thomas.Henry@ars.usda.gov; jepe@ifas.ufl.edu NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1 BP 98 EP 105 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.98 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 403YM UT WOS:000263117900011 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, Raymond J. TI THE GENUS ARNOLDIOLA (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYIIDAE) IN THE NEARCTIC REGION, WITH NEW SYNONYMIES AND COMBINATIONS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE gall midges; Holarctic; oak; chestnut AB Six nominal species of gall midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) originally assigned to four separate genera and recognized here as three valid species are transferred to Arnoldiola Strand. They are as follows: Arnoldiola azaleae (Felt 1907a), new combination (from Oligotrophus Latreille); Arnoldiola caudata (Felt 1915), new combination (from Phytophaga Rondani) and new synonym of A. azaleae; Arnoldiola brevicornis (Felt 1907a), new combination (from Janetiella. Kieffer); Arnoldiola tiliacei (Felt 1907a), new combination (from Janetiella) and new synonym of A. brevicornis; Arnoldiola castaneae (Felt 1909), new combination (from Rhopalomyia Rubsaamen); and Arnoldiola ligni (Felt 1915), new combination (from Janetiella) and new synonym of A. castaneae. Diagnostic characters of the genus are outlined, and the newly combined species are described with some characters illustrated. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, PSI, USDA,Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, POB 37012,MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM Raymond.Gagne@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1 BP 106 EP 110 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.106 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 403YM UT WOS:000263117900012 ER PT J AU Nickle, DA AF Nickle, David A. TI COMMONLY INTERCEPTED THRIPS AT US PORTS-OF-ENTRY FROM AFRICA, EUROPE, AND THE MEDITERRANEAN. IV. MISCELLANEOUS THRIPINE GENERA EXCLUDING FRANKLINIELLA, IRIDOTHRIPS, AND THRIPS (THYSANOPTERA: THRIPDAE) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE thrips; flower pests; Europe; Africa; Mediterranean ID LINNAEUS AB A total of 130 species of thrips occurring in Africa, Europe, and the Mediterranean region were intercepted by U.S. agricultural quarantine officers from shipments or cut flowers and other plants at various ports-of-entry in the United States from 1983 to 1999. This is Part 4 of a guide to the identification of thrips coming into this country from these regions: it uses keys, line drawings, and scanning electron micrographs to identify 51 species in 36 miscellaneous thripid genera not covered in Parts 2 and 3. Of the 321 records identifiable to species, 70% of the interceptions were attributed to ten species: Odontothrips karnyi Priesner clearly was most commonly intercepted, with Substantially smaller percentages attributed to Limothrips cerealium (Haliday), Anaphothrips obscurus (Muller), Neohydatothrips samayunkur (Kudo), Limothrips denticornis (Haliday), Synoptothrips distinctus (Bagnall), Tenothrips discolor (Karny), Ceratothripoides brunneus Bagnall, Ceratothrips ericae (Haliday), and Mycterothrips latus (Bagnall). Descriptions or these ten species are provided. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, PSI,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Nickle, DA (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, PSI,Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM david.nickle@ars.usda.gov NR 89 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1 BP 215 EP 238 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.215 PG 24 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 403YM UT WOS:000263117900024 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML Morita, SI AF Buffington, Matthew L. Morita, Shelah I. TI NOT ALL OAK GALL WASPS GALL OAKS: THE DESCRIPTION OF DRYOCOSMUS RILEYPOKEI, A NEW, APOSTATE SPECIES OF CYNIPINI FROM CALIFORNIA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Dryocosmus; Chrysolepis; new species; gall wasp; predisperal seed predator ID HYMENOPTERA; EVOLUTION; MORPHOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; CYNIPOIDEA; PHYLOGENY; FAGACEAE AB Cynipini gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) are commonly known as oak gall wasps for their almost exclusive use of oak (Quercus spp.; Fagaceae) as their host plant. Previously, only three of the nearly 1,000 species of Cynipini have been recorded from hosts other than Quercus. These three are known from western chinquapin (Chrysolepis), chestnut (Castanea) and tanbark oak (Lithocarpus), all lineages of Fagaceae related to Quercus. Here we describe Dryocosmus rileypokei Morita & Buffington, new species, a second species of cynipine which attacks Chrysolepis. Unlike the previously known gall wasp D. castanopsidis, which produces a medium-sized spherical external gall near the base of the staminate (male) flowers of Chrysolepis sempervirens, D. rileypokei attacks the same host acting as a nut galler. Dryocosmus rileypokei creates a gall within the mesocarp wall of the nut and appears to draw nutrients away from the developing seed. Later instar larvae and teneral adults were found within these internal galls. It appears that the adult wasp eventually chews an exit hole from these galleries. The evolution of host use in the three, non-oak galling Dryocosmus species is discussed. C1 [Morita, Shelah I.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Buffington, Matthew L.] USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), USDA, Systemat Entomol Lab, NMNH, Smithsonian Inst, 10th & Constitut Ave NW,POB 37012,MRC-168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov; simorita@ncsu.edu NR 30 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 111 IS 1 BP 244 EP 253 DI 10.4289/0013-8797-111.1.244 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 403YM UT WOS:000263117900026 ER PT B AU Arnold, JW Edwards, JV AF Arnold, Judy W. Edwards, J. Vincent GP Donghua University TI Inhibition of bacterial adhesion on fibrous materials SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIBER SOCIETY 2009 SPRING CONFERENCE, VOLS I AND II LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Spring Conference of the Fiber-Society CY MAY 27-29, 2009 CL Donghua Univ, Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Fiber Soc, DU, Coll Textiles, Key Lab Textiles Sci & Technol, Minist Educ, Engn Res enter Ind Textiles , Minist Educ, State Key Lab Modificat Chem Fibers, Key Lab Sci & Technol Eco Textiles, Minist Educ, Natl Engn Res Ctr Dyeing & Finishing Textiles HO Donghua Univ C1 [Arnold, Judy W.] ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Arnold, JW (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Russell Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30605 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DONGHUA UNIV PRESS PI SHANGHAI PA 1882 YAN AN WEST RD, SHANGHAI, 00000, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5064-5635-7 PY 2009 BP 1071 EP 1071 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Textiles SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BLM57 UT WOS:000270540900300 ER PT S AU Hummer, KE Gent, DH Henning, JA Mahaffee, WF Ocamb, CM AF Hummer, K. E. Gent, D. H. Henning, J. A. Mahaffee, W. F. Ocamb, C. M. BE DeKeukeleire, D Hummer, KE TI Powdery Mildew Resistant Hop Germplasm Release: 'Kazak 2000' SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL HUMULUS SYMPOSIUM SE ACTA HORTICULTURAE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Humulus Symposium CY SEP 01-05, 2008 CL Ghent, BELGIUM SP Barth Haas Grp, Metagen Inc, Naturex SA, Hopsteiner, Kalsec Inc, Kirin Holdings Co Ltd DE Humulus lupulus var. lupulus; Podosphaera macularis; red mould; Sphaerotheca humuli; Sphaerotheca macularis ID HUMULUS-LUPULUS AB A USDA-sponsored plant collecting expedition in collaboration with the Vavilov Institute of Plant Industry (VIR), St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, and the Aral Sea Experiment Station for Plant Genetic Resources, Chelkar Town, Kazakhstan, was conducted in the fall of 2000. Hop (Humulus lupulus var. lupulus) cones were collected from wild plants growing on trees in a moist area about 50 km NE of Emba, Kazakhstan. A portion of the seeds were brought to the US and donated to the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository in Corvallis, Oregon. Of 74 seedlings that were germinated from Kazakhstani seedlots, four seedlings from PI 635262 demonstrated resistance to powdery mildew, caused by Podosphaera macularis (Braun and Takamatsu). One of these resistant seedlings, 'Kazak 2000', exhibited a hypersensitive response after challenge by powdery mildew, especially when incubated at temperatures greater than 29 degrees C post-infection. In greenhouse assays with an Oregon field population of P. macularis, macroscopic signs of powdery mildew were not observed following repeated inoculations. In laboratory assays at 18 degrees C, 'Kazak 2000' did not develop powdery mildew when challenged with a P. macularis isolate capable of overcoming resistance genes R(b), R(3), and R(5). Infection of 55% of detached leaves was observed when challenged with characterized isolates capable of overcoming R(b), R(3), R(4), R(5), R(6) or R(b), R(1), R(2), R(3), R(5), and R(6), respectively. In experimental field plots in Oregon from 2003 to 2007, only one powdery mildew colony was observed despite inoculation and exposure to natural inoculum sources each year. Infection of cones was not observed. `Kazak 2000' provides a novel source of powdery mildew resistance that is effective at high temperatures against multiple races of the pathogen. Limited quantities of cuttings of `Kazak 2000' are available for research or breeding. Requests should be made to the Hop Curator, USDA-ARS, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, OR 97333. C1 [Hummer, K. E.] USDA ARS NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. EM kim.hummer@ars.usda.gov; kim.hummer@ars.usda.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-722-7 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 848 BP 157 EP 164 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Food Science & Technology GA BVJ65 UT WOS:000291668300017 ER PT B AU Sapers, GM Doyle, MP AF Sapers, Gerald M. Doyle, Michael P. BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Scope of the Produce Contamination Problem SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MICROBIAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; IRRIGATION WATER; FRESH PRODUCE; SALMONELLA-MONTEVIDEO; APPLE CIDER; SANITIZER TREATMENTS; POTENTIAL SOURCES; SHREDDED CABBAGE C1 [Sapers, Gerald M.] ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Doyle, Michael P.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA USA. RP Sapers, GM (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 90 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 3 EP 19 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00001-X PG 17 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200002 ER PT B AU Sapers, GM AF Sapers, Gerald M. BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI The Produce Contamination Problem: Causes and Solutions Preface SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Sapers, GM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP XV EP XVII DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00020-3 PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200001 ER PT B AU Solomon, EB Sharma, M AF Solomon, Ethan B. Sharma, Manan BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Microbial Attachment and Limitations of Decontamination Methodologies SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CELL-SURFACE CHARGE; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; CHLORINATED WATER; IRRIGATION WATER; BACTERIAL-COLONIZATION; STORAGE-TEMPERATURE; CONTAMINATED MANURE C1 [Solomon, Ethan B.] DuPont Chem Solut Enterprise, Expt Stn Lab, Wilmington, DE 19899 USA. [Sharma, Manan] ARS, USDA, Environm Microbial & Food Safety Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Solomon, EB (reprint author), DuPont Chem Solut Enterprise, Expt Stn Lab, Wilmington, DE 19899 USA. NR 94 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 21 EP 45 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00002-1 PG 25 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200003 ER PT B AU Farrar, J Guzewich, J AF Farrar, Jeff Guzewich, Jack BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Identification of the Source of Contamination SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Farrar, Jeff] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Food & Drug Branch, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. [Guzewich, Jack] USDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. RP Farrar, J (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Food & Drug Branch, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 49 EP 77 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00003-3 PG 29 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200004 ER PT B AU Millner, PD AF Millner, Patricia D. BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Manure Management SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; THERMOPHILIC ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC DAIRY FARMS; WASTE TREATMENT; BOVINE MANURE; SWINE MANURE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; TREATMENT SYSTEM C1 USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Millner, PD (reprint author), USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. NR 100 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 79 EP 104 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00004-5 PG 26 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200005 ER PT B AU Clark, L AF Clark, Larry BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Sapro-Zoonotic Risks Posed by Wild Birds in Agricultural Landscapes SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CRYPTOSPORIDIUM-PARVUM OOCYSTS; GEESE BRANTA-CANADENSIS; HUMAN-ASSOCIATED MICROSPORIDIA; RESISTANT ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GULL LARUS-ARGENTATUS; FREE-LIVING WATERFOWL; FETUS SUBSP JEJUNI; HISTOPLASMA-CAPSULATUM; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; CANADA GEESE C1 Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Clark, L (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. NR 150 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 119 EP 142 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00006-9 PG 24 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200007 ER PT B AU Sapers, GM AF Sapers, Gerald M. BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Disinfection of Contaminated Produce with Conventional Washing and Sanitizing Technology SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; ELECTROLYZED OXIDIZING WATER; KILLING LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; MINIMALLY PROCESSED LETTUCE; AQUEOUS CHLORINE DIOXIDE; GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLES; FRESH-CUT VEGETABLES; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; LACTIC-ACID C1 ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Sapers, GM (reprint author), ARS, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 146 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 393 EP 424 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00016-1 PG 32 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200017 ER PT B AU Niemira, BA Zhang, HQ AF Niemira, Brendan A. Zhang, Howard Q. BE Sapers, GM Solomon, EB Matthews, KR TI Advanced Technologies for Detection and Elimination of Pathogens SO PRODUCE CONTAMINATION PROBLEM: CAUSES AND SOLUTIONS SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; GLOW-DISCHARGE PLASMA; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; FRESH PRODUCE; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; LIGHT INACTIVATION; ALFALFA SEEDS; PCR DETECTION; SALMONELLA C1 [Niemira, Brendan A.; Zhang, Howard Q.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Niemira, BA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 58 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092111-2; 978-0-12-374186-8 J9 FOOD SCI TECH-INT SE PY 2009 BP 425 EP 443 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374186-8.00017-3 PG 19 WC Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA BA4PH UT WOS:000336095200018 ER PT B AU Ahearn, MC Korb, P Yee, J AF Ahearn, Mary Clare Korb, Penni Yee, Jet BE Dunne, T Jensen, JB Roberts, MJ TI Producer Dynamics in Agriculture Empirical Evidence SO PRODUCER DYNAMICS: NEW EVIDENCE FROM MICRO DATA SE STUDIES IN INCOME AND WEALTH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Research in Income and Wealth - Producer Dynamics: New Evidence from Micro Data CY APR 08-AUG 09, 2005 CL Bethesda, MD SP Bur Econ Anal, Bur Labor Stat, Census Bur, Fed Researve Board, Stat Income, IRS, Stat Canada ID UNITED-STATES; FARM SIZE; INDUSTRY; ENTRY; EXIT; EVOLUTION; POLICIES; LABOR C1 [Ahearn, Mary Clare] USDA, Econ Res Serv, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60 ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA BN 978-0-226-17256-9 J9 STUD INCOME PY 2009 VL 68 BP 369 EP 394 PG 26 WC Business; Economics SC Business & Economics GA BJA29 UT WOS:000264130300011 ER PT J AU Wong, DWS Chan, VJ McCormack, AA AF Wong, Dominic W. S. Chan, Victor J. McCormack, Amanda A. TI Functional Cloning and Expression of a Novel Endo-alpha-1,5-L-Arabinanase from a Metagenomic Library SO PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Arabinanase; endo-arabinanase; pectinase; arabinan-degrading enzyme ID ARABINAN-DEGRADING ENZYMES; ASPERGILLUS-NIGER; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ENDO-ARABINANASE; CELL-WALL; DEGRADATION; ACULEATUS; ENDO-1,5-ALPHA-L-ARABINANASE; PURIFICATION; PATTERNS AB A novel endo-L-arabinanase gene (arn2) was isolated, and expressed in E. coli in active form. The recombinant enzyme (ARN2) had optimum activity at pH 6.0 and 45-50 degrees C with stability between pH 5.0-8.0 and at temperatures up to 40 degrees C. The recombinant ARN2 catalyzed internal cleavage of 1,5 glycosidic bonds of CM-arabinan, debranched arabinan, linear arabinan, and sugar beet (native) arabinan at rates of decreasing order, and was inactive on wheat arabinoxylan and p-nitrophenyl-L-arabinofuranoside. Kinetic analysis showed that branching in the arabinan did not significantly affect the apparent Km values, and the difference in the reaction rates was likely due to the chemical step after substrate binding. The enzyme hydrolyzed arabino-oligosaccharides of DP >= 6 to smaller oligomers and mostly arabinotriose. Natural and modified arabinans were cleaved to oligomers of various chain lengths, which were progressively hydrolyzed to yield arabinotriose. The pattern of degradation revealed an endo-acting mechanism with arabinotriose as the end product. C1 [Wong, Dominic W. S.; Chan, Victor J.; McCormack, Amanda A.] ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Wong, DWS (reprint author), ARS, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM dwsw@pw.usda.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 0929-8665 J9 PROTEIN PEPTIDE LETT JI Protein Pept. Lett. PY 2009 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1435 EP 1441 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 517NC UT WOS:000271620200004 PM 20001905 ER PT J AU Kovalskaya, N Hammond, RW AF Kovalskaya, Natalia Hammond, Rosemarie W. TI Expression and functional characterization of the plant antimicrobial snakin-1 and defensin recombinant proteins SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Antimicrobial proteins; Inclusion bodies; Plant pathogens; Protein solubilization; Recombinant proteins ID CONFERS DISEASE RESISTANCE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INCLUSION-BODIES; BACTERIAL PATHOGENS; POTATO; PEPTIDE; TOBACCO; THIONIN; SYSTEM; GENE AB In this study, for the first time, functionally active, recombinant, cysteine-rich plant proteins snakin-1 (SN1) and defensin (PTH1) were expressed and purified using a prokaryotic expression system. The overall level of antimicrobial activities of SNI and PTH1 produced in Escherichia coli was commensurate with that of the same proteins previously obtained from plant tissues. Both proteins exhibited strong antibacterial activity against the phytopathogenic bacterium Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) 1.5-8 mu M) and antifungal activity against the phytopathogenic fungi Colletotrichum coccoides and Botrytis cinerea (IC50 5-14 mu M). Significantly weaker activity was observed against Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. A pronounced synergistic antimicrobial effect against A syringae pv. syringae and an additive effect against P. syringae pv. tabaci occurred with a combination of SN1 and PTH1. Aggregation of C. michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus bacterial cells at all protein concentrations tested was observed with the combination of SN1 and PTH1 and with SNI alone. Our results demonstrate the use of a cost effective prokaryotic expression system for generation and in vitro characterization of plant cysteine-rich proteins with potential antimicrobial activities against a wide range of phytopathogenic microorganisms in order to select the most effective agents for future in vivo studies. (c) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kovalskaya, Natalia; Hammond, Rosemarie W.] ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Kovalskaya, Natalia] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Inst Ecol Soil Sci, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Hammond, RW (reprint author), ARS, Mol Plant Pathol Lab, USDA, Room 214,Bldg 004 BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM rose.hammond@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 31 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 EI 1096-0279 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 63 IS 1 BP 12 EP 17 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2008.08.013 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 374HT UT WOS:000261035100003 PM 18824107 ER PT S AU Tisserat, B Berhow, M Vaughn, SF AF Tisserat, Brent Berhow, Mark Vaughn, Steven F. BE Jain, SM Saxena, PK TI Spearmint Plantlet Culture System as a Means to Study Secondary Metabolism SO PROTOCOLS FOR IN VITRO CULTURES AND SECONDARY METABOLITE ANALYSIS OF AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL PLANTS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Carvone; Rosmarinic acid; Plantlet culture; Natural plant products; Phenylpropanoids; Monoterpenoids ID ROSMARINIC ACID PRODUCTION; ROOT CULTURES; IN-VITRO; SUSPENSION; GROWTH AB Spearmint has one major monoterpene, (-)-carvone, that Constitutes up to 90% of all the monoterpenes present. Likewise, the major phenylpropanoid-rosmarinic acid-in spearmint accounts for LIP to 70% of the phenylpropanoids produced from the plant. These two compounds arc each produced by separate distinct biosynthetic pathways which provide an excellent opportunity to Study the influence of a wide number of environmental and chemical conditions on secondary metabolism and plant growth. The techniques presented in this chapter employ I g of fresh weight material for each secondary metabolite analyses. Analysis of single compounds obtained from the two distinct metabolic pathways simplifies the interpretation of the metabolic results allowing for direct correlations of culture factors on secondary metabolism. C1 [Tisserat, Brent; Berhow, Mark; Vaughn, Steven F.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. RP Tisserat, B (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Peoria, IL USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-60327-286-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 547 BP 313 EP 324 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-287-2_25 D2 10.1007/978-1-60327-287-2 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BKJ83 UT WOS:000268333600025 PM 19521855 ER PT S AU Lata, H Mizuno, CS Moraes, RM AF Lata, Hemant Mizuno, Cassia S. Moraes, Rita M. BE Jain, SM Saxena, PK TI The Role of Biotechnology in the Production of the Anticancer Compound Podophyllotoxin SO PROTOCOLS FOR IN VITRO CULTURES AND SECONDARY METABOLITE ANALYSIS OF AROMATIC AND MEDICINAL PLANTS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Podophyllum; Lignan; Secondary compounds; Medicinal crop ID MICROTUBULE ASSEMBLY INVITRO; AMERICAN MAYAPPLE LEAVES; PLANT-CELL CULTURES; ARYLTETRALIN LIGNANS; SUSPENSION-CULTURE; TOPOISOMERASE-II; LINUM-FLAVUM; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; CYTOTOXIC LIGNANS; HEXANDRUM ROYLE AB Podophyllotoxin is a plant-derived compound found in Podophyllum sp. that is used to produce semi-synthetic anticancer pharmaceuticals Such as etoposide, teniposide, and etoposide phosphate. This chapter describes the role of biotechnology to produce podophyllotoxin and our attempts to domesticate Podophyllum peltatum L., also known as the American mayapple. The domestication research on mayapple included surveys of the natural population, identification of high yielding genotypes, propagation, cultivation, sustainable harvest procedures and the development of protocols for in vitro germplasm bank. C1 [Lata, Hemant; Moraes, Rita M.] Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. [Mizuno, Cassia S.] ARS, USDA, Nat Prod Utilizat Res Unit, University, MS USA. RP Lata, H (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Sch Pharm, Natl Ctr Nat Prod Res, University, MS 38677 USA. NR 79 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-60327-286-5 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 547 BP 387 EP 402 DI 10.1007/978-1-60327-287-2_31 D2 10.1007/978-1-60327-287-2 PG 16 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BKJ83 UT WOS:000268333600031 PM 19521861 ER PT J AU Mahrt, L Thomas, CK Prueger, JH AF Mahrt, L. Thomas, C. K. Prueger, J. H. TI Space-time structure of mesoscale motions in the stable boundary layer SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE stable boundary layer; nocturnal boundary layer; mesoscale; stratified flow ID INTERMITTENT TURBULENCE; GRAVITY-WAVE; VARIABILITY AB In this article, we examine the stochastic characteristics of non-turbulent motions in the stable boundary layer. The behaviour of mesoscale motions in the atmospheric stable boundary layer is poorly understood beyond case studies of unusually well-defined events or monotonic waves. Eight networks of wind observations are analysed in order to examine stochastically the space-time characteristics of such motions in the stable boundary layer. The networks include a variety of surface conditions and network configurations, although none of the networks is optimal for our studies. Collectively, the networks allow examination of scales from tens of metres to tens of kilometres. A variety of analysis tools reveal the complexity of mesoscale motions near the surface in stratified flow. For the data as a whole, the horizontal scale of coherence increases systematically with time-scale, albeit with large scatter between records. The relationship between spatial coherence and time-scale is posed in terms of a velocity scale, which is found to be unrelated to the wind speed. The time variability of the flow decreases systematically with increasing spatial averaging, suggesting that comparison of model winds (with implied spatial averaging over the grid area) with observations requires suitable spatial averaging of the observations. Additional characteristics are discussed in terms of non-dimensional ratios of velocity scales. Necessary improvements of network measurements are also noted. Copyright (C) 2008 Royal Meteorological Society C1 [Mahrt, L.; Thomas, C. K.] Oregon State Univ, COAS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Prueger, J. H.] USDA ARS, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Mahrt, L (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, COAS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mahrt@coas.oregonstate.edu RI Thomas, Christoph/I-5751-2012 FU National Science Foundation [ATM-0607842]; ARO [W911FN05C0067]; DTRA [W911NF-06-I0439]; DOE [DE-FG02-06ER64318] FX The valuable comments of the reviewers, Steve Hanna and Danijel Belusic, are greatly appreciated. The Utah data were provided by Alfred Astling, while the EBEX and CASES99 data were provided by the Integrated Surface Flux Facility of the National Center for Atmospheric Research. This material is based upon work supported by National Science Foundation Grant ATM-0607842, ARO Contract W911FN05C0067, DTRA grant W911NF-06-I0439 and DOE Grant DE-FG02-06ER64318. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 12 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 135 IS 638 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1002/qj.348 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 435WV UT WOS:000265374900005 ER PT J AU Bestelmeyer, BT Tugel, AJ Peacock, GL Robinett, DG Sbaver, PL Brown, JR Herrick, JE Sanchez, H Havstad, KM AF Bestelmeyer, Brandon T. Tugel, Arlene J. Peacock, George L., Jr. Robinett, Daniel G. Sbaver, Pat L. Brown, Joel R. Herrick, Jeffrey E. Sanchez, Homer Havstad, Kris M. TI State-and-Transition Models for Heterogeneous Landscapes: A Strategy for Development and Application SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE climate; dynamic soil properties; ecological sites; inventory; monitoring; quantile regression; soils; state-and-transition models; threshold ID CREOSOTEBUSH LARREA-TRIDENTATA; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; LAND MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; SOIL CHANGE; FRAMEWORK; DEGRADATION; RANGELANDS AB Interpretation of assessment and monitoring data requires information about how reference conditions and ecological resilience vary in space and time. Reference conditions used as benchmarks are often specified via potential-based land classifications (e.g., ecological sites) that describe the plant communities potentially observed in an area based on soil and climate. State-and-transition models (STMs) coupled to ecological sites specify indicators of ecological resilience and thresholds. Although general concepts surrounding STMs and ecological sites have received increasing attention, strategies to apply and quantify these concepts have not. In this paper, we outline concepts and a practical approach to potential-based land classification and STM development. Quantification emphasizes inventor), techniques readily available to natural resource professionals that reveal processes interacting across spatial scales. We recommend a sequence of eight steps for the co-development of ecological sites and STMs, including 1) creation of initial concepts based on literature and workshops; 2) extensive, low-intensity traverses to refine initial concepts and to plan inventory; 3) development of a spatial hierarchy for sampling based on climate, geomorphology, and soils; 4) stratified medium-intensity inventory of plant communities and soils across a broad extent and with large sample sizes; 5) storage of plant and soil data in a single database; 6) model-building and analysis of inventory data to test initial concepts; 7) Support and/or refinement of concepts; and 8) high-intensity characterization and monitoring of states. We offer a simple example of how data assembled via our sequence are used to refine ecological site classes and STMs. The linkage of inventory to expert knowledge and site-based mechanistic experiments and monitoring provides a powerful means for specifying management hypotheses and, ultimately, promoting resilience in grassland, shrubland, savanna, and forest ecosystems, C1 [Tugel, Arlene J.; Brown, Joel R.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA, NRCS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Sanchez, Homer] USDA, NRCS, Cent Natl Technol Support Ctr, Ft Worth, TX 76115 USA. [Robinett, Daniel G.] Robinett Rangeland Resources LLC, Tucson, AZ 85739 USA. [Sbaver, Pat L.] USDA, NRCS, W Natl Technol Support Ctr, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Bestelmeyer, Brandon T.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.; Havstad, Kris M.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Bestelmeyer, BT (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Box 30003 MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM bbestelm@nmsu.edu FU USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range; Bureau of Land Management, New Mexico; Jornada Basin Long-Term Ecological Research [DEB 0618210] FX Research was funded in part by appropriated funds to the USDA-ARS Jornada Experimental Range, Bureau of Land Management, New Mexico, and the Jornada Basin Long-Term Ecological Research project (DEB 0618210). NR 84 TC 83 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 51 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.2111/08-146 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400AB UT WOS:000262839300001 ER PT J AU Ralphs, MH Banks, JE AF Ralphs, Michael H. Banks, Jeffery E. TI Cattle Grazing as a Biological Control for Broom Snakeweed: Vegetation Response SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE biological control; forage allowance; grazing pressure; prescribed grazing ID GUTIERREZIA-SAROTHRAE; ROOT-GROWTH; ESTABLISHMENT; GERMINATION; ALLOCATION AB Broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae [Pursh] Britton & Rusby) increases and dominates rangelands following disturbances, such as overgrazing, fire, and drought. However, if cattle can be forced to graze broom snakeweed, they may be used as a biological tool to control it. Cattle grazed broom snakeweed in May and August 2004-2007. Narrow grazing lanes were fenced to restrict availability of herbaceous forage to force cattle to graze broom snakeweed. They used 50-85% of broom snakeweed biomass. Mature broom snakeweed plant density declined because of prolonged drought, but the decline was greater in grazed lanes. At the end of the study, density of mature plants in grazed lanes was 0.31 plants. m(-2), compared with 0.79 plants . m(-2) in ungrazed pastures. Spring precipitation in 2005 was 65% above average, and a new crop of seedlings established following the spring grazing trial. Seedling establishment was greater in the spring-grazed lanes in which the soil had been recently disturbed, compared with the ungrazed transects and summer-grazed lanes. The cattle were not able to use the large volume of new broom snakeweed plants in the spring-grazed pasture. They did reduce the number of seedlings and juvenile plants in the summer-grazed pasture. Intense grazing pressure and heavy use did not adversely affect crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum [L.] Gaertn.) cover, and it was actually higher in the summer grazed lanes than the ungrazed control transects. In moderate stands of broom snakeweed, cattle can be forced to graze broom snakeweed and reduce its density without adversely affecting the associated crested wheatgrass stand. C1 [Ralphs, Michael H.] ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, Logan, UT 84341 USA. [Banks, Jeffery E.] Utah State Univ Cooperat Extens, Nephi, UT 84648 USA. RP Ralphs, MH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Poisonous Plant Res Lab, 1150 E 1400 N, Logan, UT 84341 USA. EM Michael.Ralphs@ars.usda.gov NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.2111/08-047 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400AB UT WOS:000262839300004 ER PT J AU Nafus, AM McClaran, MP Archer, SR Throop, HL AF Nafus, Aleta M. McClaran, Mitchel P. Archer, Steven R. Throop, Heather L. TI Multispecies Allometric Models Predict Grass Biomass in Semidesert Rangeland SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE allometry; basal diameter; grazing history; plant height; regression analysis ID ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; TREE; EQUATIONS; PRECIPITATION; TERM AB Multispecies allometric models to predict grass biomass may increase field study efficiency by eliminating the need for species-specific data. We used field measurements during two growing seasons to develop single-species and multispecies regression models predicting the current year's aboveground biomass for eight common cespitose grass species. Simple and stepwise regression analyses were based on natural log expressions of biomass, basal diameter, and height, and a dummy variable expression of grazing history. Basal diameter had the strongest relationship with biomass among single-species (adjusted R(2) 0.80 to 0.91) and multispecies (adjusted R(2) = 0.85) models. Regression slopes (b) for diameter among single-species (b = 1.01 to 1.49) and the multispecies (b = 1.25) models suggests that biomass will double when diameter increases similar to 75%. Height and grazing history added little predictive value when diameter was already in the model. When applied to actual populations, biomass estimates from multispecies models were within 3-29% of estimates from the single-species models. Although the multispecies biomass-size relationship was robust across the cespitose life-form, users should be cautious about applying our equations to different locations, plant sizes, and population size-structures. C1 [McClaran, Mitchel P.; Archer, Steven R.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Nafus, Aleta M.] ARS, USDA, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Throop, Heather L.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP McClaran, MP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources, 325 Biol Sci E, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM mcclaran@u.arizona.edu RI Throop, Heather/D-6391-2012 OI Throop, Heather/0000-0002-7963-4342 FU US Dept of Agriculture-National Research Initiative-managed ecosystems [2005-35101-15408]; Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station [AZRT-139021, AZRT-136711] FX Research was funded in part by the US Dept of Agriculture-National Research Initiative-managed ecosystems grant 2005-35101-15408 and by the Arizona Agricultural Experiment Station projects AZRT-139021 and AZRT-136711. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 15 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 68 EP 72 DI 10.2111/08-003 PG 5 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400AB UT WOS:000262839300008 ER PT J AU Derner, JD Whitman, AJ AF Derner, Justin D. Whitman, Ashley J. TI Plant Interspaces Resulting From Contrasting Grazing Management in Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie: Implications for Ecosystem Function SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE fetches; gap intercept; grassland structure; hydrologic function; indicator; monitoring; rangeland health; site integrity; vegetation heterogeneity ID BUNCHGRASS BOUTELOUA-GRACILIS; SOIL AGGREGATE STABILITY; SEMIARID GRASSLAND; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; VEGETATION PATCHES; ECONOMIC RESPONSES; COLONIZING ANNUALS; SHORTGRASS STEPPE; MESIC GRASSLANDS AB We assessed plant interspaces in July 2007 using continuous line intercepts in twice-replicated pastures of northern mixed-grass prairie with contrasting grazing treatments: 1) long-term (25 yr) heavily grazed, dominated by the bunchgrass blue grama (Bouteloua gracilis), and 2) ungrazed, dominated by the rhizomatous grass western wheatgrass (Pascopyrum smithii). The number of plant interspaces was 26% higher in pastures heavily grazed, but the amount of soil surface occupied by plant interspaces was 27% greater without grazing. Plant interspaces were larger without grazing (14.8+/-1.2 cm, mean +/- I SE) than heavily grazed (8.9 +/- 0.4 cm). Plant interspaces represented 87% and 68% of the total soil surface in the ungrazed and heavily grazed communities, respectively. The percentage of soil surface covered by plant interspaces < 20 cm was higher for the heavily grazed (94%) compared to the ungrazed (79%). Litter cover in the plant interspaces was higher without grazing (80 +/- 1%) compared to the heavily grazed (57 +/- 3%). Grazing-induced structural changes from a rhizomatous- to a bunchgrass-dominated vegetation community were manifest in the size and distribution of plant interspaces. Ecological consequences for erosion from raindrop impacts in larger plant interspaces in the ungrazed community are likely offset by greater litter cover in these communities; conversely, lower litter cover in heavily grazed pastures may increase erosion potential despite occurrence of smaller plant interspaces and less proportion of the soil surface covered by interspaces. Management practices that increase the cover of litter in plant interspaces should reduce the potential of erosion from water and wind in this semiarid rangeland. C1 [Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. [Whitman, Ashley J.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Renewable Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Derner, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, High Plains Grasslands Res Stn, 8408 Hildreth Rd, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA. EM Justin.Derner@ars.usda.gov NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 18 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 83 EP 88 DI 10.2111/08-098 PG 6 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400AB UT WOS:000262839300010 ER PT J AU Augustine, DJ Milchunas, DG AF Augustine, David J. Milchunas, Daniel G. TI Vegetation Responses to Prescribed Burning of Grazed Shortgrass Steppe SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Bouteloua gracilis; fire-grazing interaction; forage quality; Gutierrezia sarothrae; mountain plover; Opuntia polyacantha ID TALLGRASS PRAIRIE; PLAINS PRICKLYPEAR; GREAT PLAINS; FIRE; PLANT; PRECIPITATION; HETEROGENEITY; GRASSLAND; COMMUNITY; GRASSES AB Over the past century, fire has been widely suppressed in the western Great Plains, in part because of the potential negative effects on forage production for livestock. More recently, interest in the use of prescribed fire in shortgrass steppe has increased because of the potential applications for wildlife management, control of unpalatable plant species, and restoration of historic disturbance regimes. We studied the effects of prescribed burns conducted during late winter oil herbaceous production, forage nitrogen content, and plant species composition of shortgrass steppe on the Pawnee National Grassland in northeastern Colorado. Late-winter burns conducted in moderately grazed sites under a wide range of precipitation conditions during 1997-2001 did not negatively affect herbaceous production in either the first or the second postburn growing season. Burning followed by a severe drought in 2002 reduced production by 19% in the second postburn growing season of 2003. Burns temporarily suppressed the abundance of broom snakeweed (Gutierrezia sarothrae) and prickly pear cactus (Opuntia polyacantha) and enhanced forage nitrogen content during May and June of the first postburn growing season. These findings suggest that, except following severe drought, prescribed burns conducted during late winter in grazed shortgrass steppe for objectives unrelated to livestock production can also have neutral or positive consequences for livestock. C1 [Augustine, David J.] USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Milchunas, Daniel G.] Colorado State Univ, Rangeland & Watershed Stewardship Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Milchunas, Daniel G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Augustine, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Rangeland Resources Res Unit, 1701 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM David.Augustine@ars.usda.gov RI Augustine, David/H-6167-2011 FU Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research Program (NSF) [DEB-0217631]; USDA-Forest Service; USDA-ARS FX Research was funded by the Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research Program (NSF DEB-0217631), USDA-Forest Service. and USDA-ARS. NR 40 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 28 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.2111/08-135 PG 9 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400AB UT WOS:000262839300011 ER PT J AU Bates, JD Rhodes, EC Davies, KW Sharp, R AF Bates, Jonathan D. Rhodes, Edward C. Davies, Kirk W. Sharp, Robert TI Postfire Succession in Big Sagebrush Steppe With Livestock Grazing SO RANGELAND ECOLOGY & MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bunchgrass; Idaho fescue; prescribed burning; secondary succession; Thurber's needlegrass; utilization; Wyoming big sagebrush ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; IDAHO; BUNCHGRASSES; COMMUNITIES; WILDFIRE; OREGON; RANGE; NEEDLEGRASS; DEFOLIATION; VEGETATION AB Prescribed fire in rangeland ecosystems is applied for a variety of management objectives, including enhancing productivity of forage species for domestic livestock. In the big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata Nutt.) steppe of the western United States, fire has been a natural and prescribed disturbance, temporarily shifting vegetation from shrub-grass codominance to grass dominance. There is limited information on the impacts of grazing to community dynamics following fire in big sagebrush steppe. This study evaluated cattle grazing impacts over four growing seasons after prescribed fire on Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata subsp. Wyomingensis [Beetle & Young] Welsh) steppe in eastern Oregon. Treatments included no grazing on burned and unburned sagebrush steppe, two summer-grazing applications after fire, and two spring-grazing applications after fire. Treatment plots were burned in fall 2002. Grazing trials were applied from 2003 to 2005. Vegetation dynamics in the treatments were evaluated by quantifying herbaceous canopy cover, density, annual yield, and perennial grass seed yield. Seed production was greater in the ungrazed burn treatments than in all burn-grazed treatments; however, these differences did not affect community recovery after fire. Other herbaceous response variables (cover, density, composition, and annual yield), bare ground, and soil Surface litter did not differ among grazed and ungrazed burn treatments. All burn treatments (grazed and ungrazed) had greater herbaceous cover, herbaceous standing crop, herbaceous annual yield, and grass seed production than the unburned treatment by the second or third year after fire. The results demonstrated that property applied livestock grazing after low-severity, prescribed fire will not hinder the recovery of herbaceous plant communities in Wyoming big sagebrush steppe. C1 [Bates, Jonathan D.; Davies, Kirk W.] USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, Burns, OR 97720 USA. [Rhodes, Edward C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Ctr Nat Resource Informat Technol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sharp, Robert] Bur Land Management, US Dept Interior, Burns Dist Off, Burns, OR 97720 USA. RP Bates, JD (reprint author), USDA ARS, Eastern Oregon Agr Res Ctr, 67826-A Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA. EM jon.bates@oregonstate.edu FU US Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service; Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station FX The Eastern Oregon Agricultural Research Center is jointly funded by the US Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Oregon State Agricultural Experiment Station. NR 53 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 34 PU SOC RANGE MANAGEMENT PI LAKEWOOD PA 445 UNION BLVD, STE 230, LAKEWOOD, CO 80228-1259 USA SN 1550-7424 J9 RANGELAND ECOL MANAG JI Rangel. Ecol. Manag. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 62 IS 1 BP 98 EP 110 DI 10.2111/08-096 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 400AB UT WOS:000262839300012 ER PT J AU Stokes, CJ Yeaton, RI Bayer, MB Bestelmeyer, BT AF Stokes, C. J. Yeaton, R. I. Bayer, M. B. Bestelmeyer, B. T. TI Indicator patches: exploiting spatial heterogeneity to improve monitoring systems SO RANGELAND JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Karoo; plant demographics; rangeland ID SOUTH-AFRICA; CAPE-PROVINCE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; KAROO VEGETATION; EARTH MOUNDS; RANGELANDS; LANDSCAPE; PATTERNS; DESERTIFICATION AB When choosing which environmental attributes to monitor in assessing disturbance, it is important to consider not only which metric will provide the most sensitive indicator of disturbance, but also the spatial considerations of where in the landscape that metric will be most responsive to change. Degradation in landscapes is often unevenly expressed because: (i) disturbance is spatially localised, (ii) landscape elements differ in their sensitivity to disturbance, and (iii) degradation following localised disturbance is spatially contagious. The spatial heterogeneity of degradation has proven to be a key obstacle to rangeland monitoring (e.g. where the initiating processes of broad-scale degradation are concentrated in landscape locations that are not detected by surveys) but can also provide opportunities to focus monitoring efforts. We propose that the effectiveness of monitoring could be enhanced by identifying and selectively monitoring 'indicator patches', i. e. specific landscape locations that provide the most management-relevant and timely information about the consequences of a monitored disturbance. We tested and demonstrated the utility of the 'indicator patch' concept in the rangelands of the Succulent Karoo in southern Africa. We contrasted the grazing response of dominant 'representative' vegetation, with responses of interspersed patches of distinct vegetation associated with zoogenic mounds. Since mound vegetation is more palatable and preferentially grazed by sheep, we tested whether mounds could serve as 'indicator patches' in providing a sensitive measure of grazing disturbance. Percentage canopy cover measurements in dominant off-mound vegetation provided a poor indicator of grazing disturbance (although more intensive plant size measurements did reveal grazing impacts on plant population dynamics). In contrast, vegetation on mounds displayed patterns of changes in species abundances that were easier to detect and useful for interpreting and quantifying the effects of grazing. Mound vegetation could, therefore, be used as 'indicator patches' and targeted for exclusive sampling as a sensitive method for monitoring rangeland condition and detecting early warnings of vegetation change. This approach could be widely employed to better harness the extensive knowledge base regarding the patchy, spatially localised nature of degradation-initiating processes in numerous other landscapes. Routinely incorporating this understanding into the design of monitoring programs could improve the effectiveness of sampling effort, allow detection of more subtle trends (changes), and provide earlier warning of impending degradation so remedial action can be taken before degradation becomes severe and widespread. C1 [Stokes, C. J.; Yeaton, R. I.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Res Unit Plant Growth & Dev, Dept Bot, ZA-3209 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Bayer, M. B.] Elsenberg Agr Dev Inst, Dept Agr Dev, ZA-7607 Elsenberg, South Africa. [Bestelmeyer, B. T.] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Stokes, CJ (reprint author), CSIRO Davies Lab, PMB PO Aitkenvale, Aitkenvale, Qld 4814, Australia. EM chris.stokes@csiro.au FU Foundation for Research Development FX We wish to thank the Foundation for Research Development for financial support through the Special Program 'Effects of disturbance on the Karoo'. In addition, we are grateful to the Department of Agricultural Development, and to the owners of the smallholdings for allowing us access to the properties used in this study. We also acknowledge seven reviewers whose comments on previous versions helped improve this paper. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU AUSTRALIAN RANGELAND SOC PI COTTESLOW PA 54 BROOME ST, COTTESLOW, 6011, AUSTRALIA SN 1036-9872 J9 RANGELAND J JI Rangeland J. PY 2009 VL 31 IS 4 BP 385 EP 394 DI 10.1071/RJ08021 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 524VQ UT WOS:000272172900003 ER PT B AU Paulitz, TC Okubara, PA Schroeder, KL AF Paulitz, Timothy C. Okubara, Patricia A. Schroeder, Kurtis L. BA Gullino, ML BF Gullino, ML BE Gisi, U Chet, I TI Integrated Control of Soilborne Pathogens of Wheat SO RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MANAGEMENT OF PLANT DISEASES SE Plant Pathology in the 21st Century LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology CY AUG 24-29, 2008 CL Turin, ITALY DE Soilborne fungal pathogens of wheat; quantitative PCR; greenbridge management; take-all; Fusarium crown rot; Rhizoctonia bare patch and root rot; Pythium root rot ID RHIZOCTONIA ROOT-ROT; DIRECT-SEEDED WHEAT; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; GRAMINIS VAR. TRITICI; TAKE-ALL; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; EASTERN WASHINGTON; CROWN ROT; WINTER-WHEAT; SOLANI AG-8 AB There are no resistant varieties or chemical controls for the major soilborne pathogens of wheat in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Root and crown diseases of wheat include Rhizoctonia root rot and bare patch (caused by R. solani and R. oryzae), Fusarium crown rot (caused by F. pseudograminearum and F. culmorum), Pythium root rot (caused by numerous Pythium spp.) and take-all (caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici). Growers rely almost completely on cultural control measures. Our research program has evaluated many of these techniques, some of which are effective against Rhizoctonia, including greenbridge (weed and crop volunteer) management, fallow (both chemical and mechanical), seed opener disturbance, precision seed row placement, crop rotation, residue and nitrogen management, and chemical seed treatment. Until recently, there was no way of accurately detecting and quantifying pathogens in soil. We have developed real-time PCR assays to quantify nine species of Pythium and seven groups of Rhizoctonia, based on ITS sequences of the rDNA. In the last 3 years, soils were extensively sampled in eastern Washington, including grower fields and breeder variety-testing sites. By developing a pathogen profile for each testing site, breeders can focus on locations with high pathogen densities to select for tolerance. This survey has shown that pathogen species composition is affected by cropping system and rotation. With accurate detection and quantification of soilborne pathogens, growers can determine risk before planting and make management decisions to mitigate the effects of soilborne fungal pathogens. C1 [Paulitz, Timothy C.; Okubara, Patricia A.; Schroeder, Kurtis L.] ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Paulitz, TC (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Root Dis & Biol Control Res Unit, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM paulitz@wsu.edu; pokubara@wsu.edu; kschroeder@wsu.edu OI Paulitz, Timothy/0000-0002-8885-3803 NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-1-4020-8803-2 J9 PLANT PATH 21ST PY 2009 VL 1 BP 229 EP 245 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8804-9_17 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BQE28 UT WOS:000280767200017 ER PT B AU Chellemi, DO AF Chellemi, Dan O. BA Gullino, ML BF Gullino, ML BE Gisi, U Chet, I TI Back to the Future: Total System Management (Organic, Sustainable) SO RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MANAGEMENT OF PLANT DISEASES SE Plant Pathology in the 21st Century LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology CY AUG 24-29, 2008 CL Turin, ITALY DE Organic agriculture; Pest management; Soil disinfestation; Soil fumigation; Sustainable agriculture ID AGRICULTURAL LAND MANAGEMENT; SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; FUNGAL COMMUNITIES; MELOIDOGYNE-ARENARIA; SOILBORNE PATHOGENS; PSEUDOMONAS SPP.; METHYL-BROMIDE; SUPPRESSION; BAHIAGRASS; DIVERSITY AB Many soil disinfestation programs are implemented prior to crop cultivation due to the paucity of therapeutic interventions for controlling soilborne pests. In the 1950s a proliferation of chemical control options ushered in an era of soilborne pest control based upon a single or limited group of chemicals to control target pest organisms. Unfortunately, many chemicals also affected a broad and complex range of nontarget organisms comprising multiple trophic levels. This has necessitated their perpetual use to ensure pest control in agroecosystems where natural pest regulating mechanisms have been compromised. Presently, regulatory issues impact the availability of many chemical pesticides and urbanization of agricultural production regions restrict their use. Future trends further impacting growers include carbon sequestering and trading, increasing demand for biofuels and conservation of natural resources. An alternative, systems-based approach comprised of multiple economic, environmental and social goals is suggested for future crop production. In this total system management approach, creating and promoting conditions suppressive to soilborne pests and the damage they cause is incorporated into the design of the crop production system. For example, the establishment of long-term crop rotational sequences that enhance soil quality, mitigate damaging pest outbreaks, improve the quantity and quality of yields, increase soil carbon sequestration and provide sources of renewable energy. Examples of various approaches to soil disinfestation including a total system management approach are discussed. C1 ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. RP Chellemi, DO (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Hort Res Lab, 2001 S Rock Rd, Ft Pierce, FL 34945 USA. EM Dan.Chellemi@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-1-4020-8803-2 J9 PLANT PATH 21ST PY 2009 VL 1 BP 285 EP 292 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8804-9_20 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BQE28 UT WOS:000280767200020 ER PT B AU Li, SX AF Li, Shuxian BA Gullino, ML BF Gullino, ML BE Gisi, U Chet, I TI Identification of New Sources of Resistance to Soybean Rust SO RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN MANAGEMENT OF PLANT DISEASES SE Plant Pathology in the 21st Century LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Congress of Plant Pathology CY AUG 24-29, 2008 CL Turin, ITALY DE Soybean; Soybean rust; Phakopsora pachyrhizi; Disease resistance ID PHAKOPSORA-PACHYRHIZI; 1ST REPORT; UNITED-STATES; 1ST-REPORT; GLYCINE; KUDZU; GERMPLASM; GENES; YIELD; HOSTS AB Soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi, is one of the most destructive diseases of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Men.). Yield losses caused by soybean rust were reported from 13% to 80%. Chemical treatment with fungicide has been used as the first line of defense to minimize the impact of soybean rust. However, breeding for resistance to soybean rust is one of the most effective long-term strategies for controlling the disease. In the following chapter, the general information about soybean rust disease and its causal pathogens, reported resistance genes and the approaches for evaluation and identification of sources of resistance are presented and discussed. C1 ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Li, SX (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Crop Genet & Prod Res Unit, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM Shuxian.li@ars.usda.gov NR 83 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-1-4020-8803-2 J9 PLANT PATH 21ST PY 2009 VL 1 BP 357 EP 373 DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8804-9_25 PG 17 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA BQE28 UT WOS:000280767200025 ER PT B AU Ruid, DB Paul, WJ Roell, BJ Wydeven, AP Willging, RC Jurewicz, RL Lonsway, DH AF Ruid, David B. Paul, William J. Roell, Brian J. Wydeven, Adrian P. Willging, Robert C. Jurewicz, Randy L. Lonsway, Donald H. BE Wydeven, AP VanDeelen, TR Heske, EJ TI Wolf-Human Conflicts and Management in Minnesota, Wisconsin, and Michigan SO RECOVERY OF GRAY WOLVES IN THE GREAT LAKES REGION OF THE UNITED STATES: AN ENDANGERED SPECIES SUCCESS STORY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 12th Annual Conference of the Wildlife-Society CY SEP 25-29, 2005 CL Madison, WI SP Wildlife Soc ID DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; WOLVES; DEPREDATION; STERILIZATION; PREDATION; MOVEMENTS; LIVESTOCK; SURVIVAL; HABITAT; CATTLE C1 [Ruid, David B.; Willging, Robert C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, APHIS, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP Ruid, DB (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, APHIS, USDA, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. EM david.ruid@aphis.usda.gov; bill.j.paul@aphis.usda.gov; roellb@michigan.gov; adrian.wydeven@wisconsin.gov; Robert.C.Willging@usda.gov; Randle.Juewicz@wsconsin.gov; donald.lonsway@aphis.usda.gov NR 57 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 25 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-85951-4 PY 2009 BP 279 EP + DI 10.1007/978-0-387-85952-1_18 PG 5 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA BJF27 UT WOS:000265407800018 ER PT B AU Chen, GQ AF Chen, Grace Q. BE Hayworth, GI TI SEED DEVELOPMENT IN CASTOR (RICINUS COMMUNIS L.): MORPHOLOGY, RESERVE SYNTHESIS AND GENE EXPRESSION SO RELIABILITY ENGINEERING ADVANCES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 2S ALBUMIN PRECURSOR; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; DIACYLGLYCEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; STORAGE PROTEIN; FATTY-ACID; LECTIN GENE; TRIACYLGLYCEROL BIOSYNTHESIS; DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION; TRANSGENIC ARABIDOPSIS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE AB Castor (Ricinus communis L.) is a non-eatable oilseed crop producing seed oil comprising 90% ricinoleate (12-hydroxy-oleate) which has numerous industrial uses. However, the production of castor oil is hampered by the presence of detrimental seed storage proteins, the toxin ricin and hyper-allergenic 2S albumins. We are developing a safe source of castor oil by two approaches: blocking gene expression of the ricin and 2S albumins in castor seed and engineering a temperate oilseed crop to produce castor oil. To understand the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of ricin, 2S albumins and ricinoleate/oil, we conducted a series of seed development studies in castor, including endosperm morphogenesis, storage compound accumulation and gene expression. The entire course of seed development can be divided into four stages, which are recognizable by distinct seed coat color and cellular endosperm volume. Synthesis of ricin, 2S albumins and oil occur during cellular endosperm development. Concomitantly, we observed increased transcript levels of 14 genes involved in synthesis of ricin, 2S albumin and oil, but with various temporal patterns and different maximal inductions ranging from 2 to 43,000 fold. The results indicate that gene transcription exerts a primary control in castor reserve biosyntheses. Based on the temporal pattern and level of gene expression, we classified these genes into five groups. This transcription-profiling data provide not only the initial information on promoter activity for each gene, but also a first glimpse of the global patterns of gene expression and regulation, which are critical to metabolic engineering of transgenic oilseeds. Since all these studies are based on a well-defined time course, the results also provide integrative information for understanding the relationships among endosperm morphogenesis, reserve biosynthesis and gene expression during castor seed development. C1 ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Chen, GQ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Western Reg Res Ctr, 800 Buchanan St, Albany, CA 94710 USA. EM grace.chen@ars.usda.gov NR 70 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60692-329-0 PY 2009 BP 305 EP 330 PG 26 WC Engineering, Industrial SC Engineering GA BMQ32 UT WOS:000273344100011 ER PT S AU de Jeu, RAM Holmes, TRH van der Werf, G AF de Jeu, Richard A. M. Holmes, Thomas R. H. van der Werf, Guido BE Neale, CMU Maltese, A TI Towards the development of a 30 year record of remotely sensed vegetation optical depth SO REMOTE SENSING FOR AGRICULTURE, ECOSYSTEMS, AND HYDROLOGY XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Remote Sensing for Agriculture, Ecosystems and Hydrology XI as Part of the 16th International Symposium on Remote Sensing CY AUG 31-SEP 03, 2009 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP SPIE Europe DE Passive microwave radiometry; vegetation optical depth; biogeochemical modeling ID POLARIZATION DIFFERENCE INDEX; MICROWAVE EMISSION; SOIL-MOISTURE; WATER-CONTENT; RETRIEVAL; TEMPERATURE; METHODOLOGY; FOREST; COVER AB The framework for the development of a 30 year global record of remotely sensed vegetation optical depth is presented. The vegetation data set is derived from passive microwave observations and spans the period from November 1978 through the end of 2008. Different satellite sensor observations (i.e. Nimbus-7 SMMR, DMSP SSM/I, TRMM TMI, and AQUA AMSR-E). are used in a radiative transfer model to derive vegetation optical depth. Vegetation optical depth can directly be related to vegetation water content and is a function of biomass. The retrieval model is described and the quality of the retrieved vegetation optical depth is discussed. The new dataset will be merged into one consistent global product for the entire period of data record. To explore the potential to use this new product for long term vegetation modeling, the product was compared to total biomass from the biogeochemical model CASA. The results indicate that the vegetation optical depth can be an important contribution to the derivation of biophysical properties like biomass. It can also increase the reliability of optical sensor derived vegetation indices, because the microwave vegetation optical depth can be derived under cloudy conditions. This unique feature could create the possibility to improve the temporal resolution of other biophysical data products. The entire vegetation density dataset will be made available for download by the general science community and could give a significant contribution in climate research. C1 [de Jeu, Richard A. M.; van der Werf, Guido] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Boelaan 1085, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Holmes, Thomas R. H.] USDA, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP de Jeu, RAM (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Boelaan 1085, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RI Holmes, Thomas/F-4512-2010 OI Holmes, Thomas/0000-0002-4651-0079 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7777-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2009 VL 7472 AR 74720R DI 10.1117/12.830230 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Agriculture; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BDH76 UT WOS:000313294600018 ER PT J AU Miles, JR McDaneld, TG Wiedmann, RT Cushman, RA Echternkamp, SE Vallet, JL Smith, TPL AF Miles, J. R. McDaneld, T. G. Wiedmann, R. T. Cushman, R. A. Echternkamp, S. E. Vallet, J. L. Smith, T. P. L. TI MicroRNA EXPRESSION PROFILE IN BOVINE CUMULUS-OOCYTE COMPLEXES DURING LATE OOGENESIS SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Miles, J. R.; McDaneld, T. G.; Wiedmann, R. T.; Cushman, R. A.; Echternkamp, S. E.; Vallet, J. L.; Smith, T. P. L.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 1 MA 174 BP 186 EP 186 DI 10.1071/RDv21n1Ab174 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 380QW UT WOS:000261481300188 ER PT J AU Miles, JR Vallet, JL Freking, BA Nonneman, DJ AF Miles, Jeremy R. Vallet, Jeffrey L. Freking, Brad A. Nonneman, Dan J. TI Molecular cloning and characterisation of heparanase mRNA in the porcine placenta throughout gestation SO REPRODUCTION FERTILITY AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE extracellular matrix; gene expression; glycosaminoglycans ID MAMMALIAN HEPARANASE; UTERINE CAPACITY; COMPARATIVE MAP; HIGH-RESOLUTION; SPLICE VARIANT; OVULATION RATE; GENE CLONING; RT-PCR; EXPRESSION; PIG AB Heparanase (HPSE) is an endoglycosidase that specifically degrades heparan sulfate, which is an abundant glycosaminoglycan of the pig placenta. The aims of the present study was to clone cDNA encoding porcine HPSE and characterise the expression level and localisation of HPSE mRNA in porcine placentas throughout gestation. Placental tissues were collected from litters on Days 25, 45, 65, 85 and 105 of gestation. Three transcript variants similar to HPSE were identified in the pig placenta. In addition, the HPSE gene was mapped to pig chromosome 8 in close proximity to quantitative trait loci for litter size and prenatal survival. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridisation were used to characterise the expression of two HPSE variants, namely HPSE v1 and v2, in the pig placenta throughout gestation. The expression of HPSE v1 and v2 was elevated (P < 0.01) in placentas during very early gestation (Day 25) as well as during late gestation (Days 85 and 105). Finally, HPSE v1 and v2 mRNA were localised to the cuboidal trophoblast cells of the folded bilayer located nearest to the maternal endometrium. These findings illustrate that HPSE likely plays a role in the development and modification of the pig placenta, which has implications for litter size and prenatal survival. C1 [Miles, Jeremy R.; Vallet, Jeffrey L.; Freking, Brad A.; Nonneman, Dan J.] USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. RP Miles, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Roman L Hruska US Meat Anim Res Ctr, POB 166, Clay Ctr, NE 68933 USA. EM jeremy.miles@ars.usda.gov RI Miles, Jeremy/A-7572-2009 FU USDA-ARS [5438-31000-084-00D] FX The authors thank Susan Hassler and Troy Gramke for technical assistance in the collection and processing of samples, David Sypherd for assistance with in situ hybridisation, Alan Kruger for assistance with microscopy, Susan Hauver for assistance with radiation hybrid mapping, the USMARC swine crew for animal husbandry, the USMARC abattoir crew for assistance with killing of the pigs and Drs David Guthrie ( US Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center) and Leah Zorrilla ( US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory) for critical review of this manuscript. This research was supported by USDA-ARS, CRIS Project No. 5438-31000-084-00D. NR 46 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1031-3613 J9 REPROD FERT DEVELOP JI Reprod. Fertil. Dev. PY 2009 VL 21 IS 6 BP 757 EP 772 PG 16 WC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology SC Developmental Biology; Reproductive Biology; Zoology GA 464XK UT WOS:000267542700004 PM 19567219 ER PT J AU Branson, DH Sword, GA AF Branson, David H. Sword, Gregory A. TI Grasshopper Herbivory Affects Native Plant Diversity and Abundance in a Grassland Dominated by the Exotic Grass Agropyron cristatum SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crested wheatgrass; generalist herbivore; grasshoppers; indirect effects; plant community ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; INTRODUCED GRASS; INSECT HERBIVORY; PRAIRIE RESTORATION; CRESTED WHEATGRASS; INVASIVE PLANT; COMPETITION; MANAGEMENT; ORTHOPTERA; ACRIDIDAE AB The indirect effects of native generalist insect herbivores on interactions between exotic and native grassland plants have received limited attention. Crested wheatgrass (Agropyron cristatum) is the most common exotic rangeland grass in western North America. Crested wheatgrass communities are resistant to colonization by native plant species and have strong competitive effects on native species, imposing problems for the restoration of native grasslands. Grasshoppers are generalist herbivores that are often abundant in Crested wheatgrass-dominated sites in the northern Great Plains. We conducted two experiments in a Crested wheatgrass-dominated grassland in western North Dakota to test the hypothesis that grasshopper herbivory influences local Crested wheatgrass community composition by impeding native seedlings. Grasshopper herbivory negatively affected the species richness, abundance, and Shannon diversity of native plants in 3 of 4 years. Although additional research is needed to determine if grasshoppers actively select native plants, the effects of grasshopper herbivory may be an important consideration in the restoration of Crested wheatgrass areas. Our findings illustrate the importance of understanding the impact of native generalist invertebrate herbivores on the relationships between exotic and native plants. C1 [Branson, David H.; Sword, Gregory A.] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. [Sword, Gregory A.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Branson, DH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, 1500 N Cent Ave, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. EM dave.branson@ars.usda.gov OI Sword, Gregory/0000-0003-2094-2436 NR 56 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1061-2971 J9 RESTOR ECOL JI Restor. Ecol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 17 IS 1 BP 89 EP 96 DI 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2007.00343.x PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 392EW UT WOS:000262286700011 ER PT B AU Svendsen, ES AF Svendsen, Erika S. BE Campbell, L Wiesen, A TI Cultivating Resilience: Urban Stewardship as a Means to Improving Health and Well-being SO RESTORATIVE COMMONS: CREATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING THROUGH URBAN LANDSCAPES SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR NRS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meristem 2007 Forum CY 2007 CL New York Acad Med, New York, NY SP Harvard-Loeb Fellowship Forum, PC Landscape Architecture, Inst Landscape Studies, Terrapin Bright Green, David Kamp FASLA, LF Dirtworks HO New York Acad Med ID LARGE SOCIAL NETWORK; NEIGHBORHOODS; ENVIRONMENT; DISEASE C1 [Svendsen, Erika S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, New York, NY USA. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV N RES PY 2009 IS P-39 BP 59 EP 87 PG 29 WC Horticulture; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Urban Studies SC Agriculture; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Urban Studies GA BJI17 UT WOS:000266060700003 ER PT B AU Campbell, L AF Campbell, Lindsay BE Campbell, L Wiesen, A TI Memoryscape SO RESTORATIVE COMMONS: CREATING HEALTH AND WELL-BEING THROUGH URBAN LANDSCAPES SE USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station General Technical Report GTR-NRS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Meristem 2007 Forum CY 2007 CL New York Acad Med, New York, NY SP Harvard-Loeb Fellowship Forum, PC Landscape Architecture, Inst Landscape Studies, Terrapin Bright Green, David Kamp FASLA, LF Dirtworks HO New York Acad Med C1 [Campbell, Lindsay] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, New York, NY USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU USDA FOREST SERVICE PI NEWTOWN SQUARE PA 11 CAMPUS BLVD, STE 200, NEWTOWN SQUARE, PA 19073-3294 USA J9 USDA FOR SERV NRS GT PY 2009 IS P-39 BP 188 EP 199 PG 12 WC Horticulture; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Urban Studies SC Agriculture; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Urban Studies GA BJI17 UT WOS:000266060700012 ER PT J AU Mccullough, DA Bartholow, JM Jager, HI Beschta, RL Cheslak, EF Deas, ML Ebersole, JL Foott, JS Johnson, SL Marine, KR Mesa, MG Petersen, JH Souchon, Y Tiffan, KF Wurtsbaugh, WA AF Mccullough, Dale A. Bartholow, John M. Jager, Henriette I. Beschta, Robert L. Cheslak, Edward F. Deas, Michael L. Ebersole, Joseph L. Foott, J. Scott Johnson, Sherri L. Marine, Keith R. Mesa, Matthew G. Petersen, James H. Souchon, Yves Tiffan, Kenneth F. Wurtsbaugh, Wayne A. TI Research in Thermal Biology: Burning Questions for Coldwater Stream Fishes SO REVIEWS IN FISHERIES SCIENCE LA English DT Review DE water temperature; global warming; genetics; physiology; ecosystem; salmonids ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; BONNEVILLE CUTTHROAT TROUT; JUVENILE RAINBOW-TROUT; FALL CHINOOK SALMON; UPPER TEMPERATURE TOLERANCE; INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; GLOBAL CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER TEMPERATURE; ATLANTIC SALMON AB With the increasing appreciation of global warming impacts on ecological systems, in addition to the myriad of land management effects on water quality, the number of literature citations dealing with the effects of water temperature on freshwater fish has escalated in the past decade. Given the many biological scales at which water temperature effects have been studied, and the growing need to integrate knowledge from multiple disciplines of thermal biology to fully protect beneficial uses, we held that a survey of the most promising recent developments and an expression of some of the remaining unanswered questions with significant management implications would best be approached collectively by a diverse research community. We have identified five specific topic areas of renewed research where new techniques and critical thought could benefit coldwater stream fishes (particularly salmonids): molecular, organism, population/ species, community and ecosystem, and policy issues in water quality. Our hope is that information gained through examination of recent research fronts linking knowledge at various scales will prove useful in managing water quality at a basin level to protect fish populations and whole ecosystems. Standards of the past were based largely on incipient lethal and optimum growth rate temperatures for fish species, while future standards should consider all integrated thermal impacts to the organism and ecosystem. C1 [Mccullough, Dale A.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Bartholow, John M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Jager, Henriette I.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Beschta, Robert L.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Forestry, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Cheslak, Edward F.] Pacific Gas & Elect Co, Tech & Ecol Serv, San Ramon, CA USA. [Deas, Michael L.] Watercourse Engn Inc, Davis, CA USA. [Ebersole, Joseph L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Corvallis, OR USA. [Foott, J. Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, CA NV Fish Hlth Ctr, Anderson, CA USA. [Johnson, Sherri L.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Marine, Keith R.] N State Resources Inc, Redding, CA USA. [Mesa, Matthew G.; Petersen, James H.; Tiffan, Kenneth F.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA USA. [Souchon, Yves] Irstea, Unite Rech Biol Ecosyst Aquat, Lab Hydroecol Quantitat, Lyon, France. [Wurtsbaugh, Wayne A.] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Mccullough, DA (reprint author), Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, 729 NE Oregon St,Ste 200, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM mccd@critfc.org RI Wurtsbaugh, Wayne/G-6856-2011; OI Tiffan, Kenneth/0000-0002-5831-2846; Jager, Henriette/0000-0003-4253-533X NR 204 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 11 U2 97 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1064-1262 EI 1547-6553 J9 REV FISH SCI JI Rev. Fish. Sci. PY 2009 VL 17 IS 1 BP 90 EP 115 DI 10.1080/10641260802590152 PG 26 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 416HD UT WOS:000263995500006 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM AF Ordovas, Jose M. TI Gene-Environment Interactions and Cardiovascular Risk Factors SO REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Gene-environment interactions; Cardiovascular disease; Plasma lipids; Diet; Exercise; Smoking; Alcohol consumption ID ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; HEALTHY CAUCASIAN POPULATION; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY-FAT INTAKE; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB The aims of this review were to examine the rationale for investigating the interaction between genes and the environment and to discuss recent studies into the interactions of genes and environmental modulators that are relevant to cardiovascular disease and its principle risk factors. Studies that have focused on smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, and physical activity have all been observational studies and have involved relatively large samples. However, they tended to examine single genes and failed to take into account interactions with other genes or associated environmental factors. Both observational and interventional studies have been used to explore the interaction between genes and diet, with interventional studies being much smaller. Of the gene-diet interactions reported, two important highlights are, firstly, the confirmation that the apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOA5) is involved in triglyceride metabolism and is modulated by dietary factors and, secondly, the discovery that apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) modulates food intake and the risk of obesity. The study of gene-environment interactions is an active and vital area of research. While the technical barriers to carrying out genetic studies are rapidly being overcome, studies are still hampered by the substantial difficulty of including comprehensive and reliable data on environmental factors. Progress in this area depends on involving large study populations across a range of geographical regions, as well as on employing a more comprehensive, standardized and precise approach to acquiring information about environmental factors. C1 Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM USDA, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, JM USDA, Nutr & Genom Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu NR 87 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDICIONES DOYMA S A PI BARCELONA PA TRAV DE GRACIA 17-21, 08021 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0300-8932 EI 1579-2242 J9 REV ESP CARDIOL JI Rev. Esp. Cardiol. PY 2009 SU B BP 39B EP 51B PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 480QC UT WOS:000268750300005 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM AF Ordovas, Jose M. TI Gene-Environment Interactions and Cardiovascular Risk Factors SO REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA LA Spanish DT Article DE Gene-environment interactions; Cardiovascular disease; Plasma lipids; Diet; Exercise; Smoking; Alcohol consumption ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; HEALTHY CAUCASIAN POPULATION; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DIETARY-FAT INTAKE; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; BODY-MASS INDEX; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY AB The aims of this review were to examine the rationale for investigating the interaction between genes and the environment and to discuss recent studies into the interactions of genes and environmental modulators that are relevant to cardiovascular disease and its principle risk factors. Studies that have focused on smoking, alcohol and coffee consumption, and physical activity have all been observational studies and have involved relatively large samples. However, they tended to examine single genes and failed to take into account interactions with other genes or associated environmental factors. Both observational and interventional studies have been used to explore the interaction between genes and diet, with interventional studies being much smaller. Of the gene-diet interactions reported, two important highlights are, firstly, the confirmation that the apolipoprotein A-V gene (APOA5) is involved in triglyceride metabolism and is modulated by dietary factors and, secondly, the discovery that apolipoprotein A-II (APOA2) modulates food intake and the risk of obesity. The study of gene-environment interactions is an active and vital area of research. While the technical barriers to carrying out genetic studies are rapidly being overcome, studies are still hampered by the substantial difficulty of including comprehensive and reliable data on environmental factors. Progress in this area depends on involving large study populations across a range of geographical regions, as well as on employing a more comprehensive, standardized and precise approach to acquiring information about environmental factors. C1 Tufts Univ, JM USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Ordovas, JM (reprint author), Tufts Univ, JM USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Nutr & Genom Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jose.ordovas@tufts.edu NR 87 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDICIONES DOYMA S A PI BARCELONA PA TRAV DE GRACIA 17-21, 08021 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0300-8932 EI 1579-2242 J9 REV ESP CARDIOL JI Rev. Esp. Cardiol. PY 2009 SU S BP 39B EP 51B PG 13 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 462MM UT WOS:000267357300005 ER PT J AU Gutierrez, OA Wubben, MJ Howard, M Roberts, B Hanlon, E Wilkinson, JR AF Gutierrez, O. A. Wubben, M. J. Howard, M. Roberts, B. Hanlon, E. Wilkinson, J. R. TI The role of phytohormones ethylene and auxin in plant-nematode interactions SO RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE auxin; ethylene; nematode; molecular nematology; plant; nematode interactions ID POTATO CYST NEMATODES; PARASITIC NEMATODES; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; DISEASE RESISTANCE; GENES; SUSCEPTIBILITY; HORMONES; TOMATO; INFECTION AB The phytohormones ethylene and auxin regulate many important processes in plants, including cell differentiation, cell expansion, and responses to abiotic stresses. These hormones also play important roles in many plant-pathogen interactions, including regulation of plant defense responses and symptom development. Sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes, which require the formation of a complex feeding site within the host root, are among the world's most destructive plant pathogens. Nematode-induced feeding sites show dramatic changes in host cell morphology and gene expression. These changes are likely mediated, at least in part, by phytohormones. In the present review, current knowledge of the roles of ethylene and auxin will be explored in two main areas: the specific role of phytohormones in mediating feeding site development by plant-parasitic nematodes and the general role of phytohormones in affecting the ability of parasitic nematodes to cause disease. C1 [Gutierrez, O. A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wubben, M. J.] USDA ARS, Crop Sci Res Lab, Genet & Precis Agr Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Howard, M.; Wilkinson, J. R.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Roberts, B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Anim & Dairy Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hanlon, E.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Biol, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Gutierrez, OA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM jwilkinson@bch.msstate.edu FU USDA ARC [58-6402-7-241]; Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station; MAFES Journal Article [J-11229] FX This research was supported by the USDA ARC, agreement 58-6402-7-241, and the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station and is approved for publication as MAFES Journal Article No. J-11229. NR 40 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 18 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1021-4437 J9 RUSS J PLANT PHYSL+ JI Russ. J. Plant Physiol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 56 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1134/S1021443709010014 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 394WX UT WOS:000262485000001 ER PT S AU Nusser, SM House, CC AF Nusser, Sarah M. House, Carol C. BE Pfeffermann, D Rao, CR TI Sampling, Data Collection, and Estimation in Agricultural Surveys SO SAMPLE SURVEYS: DESIGN, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS, VOL 29A SE Handbook of Statistics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Nusser, Sarah M.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [House, Carol C.] Natl Agr Stat Serv, USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Nusser, SM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Stat, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM nusser@iastate.edu; Carol.House@usda.gov NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7161 BN 978-0-08-093221-7 J9 HANDB STAT PY 2009 VL 29A BP 471 EP 486 DI 10.1016/S0169-7161(08)00018-7 PG 16 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BCQ91 UT WOS:000311047200022 ER PT B AU Kandala, CV Sundaram, J AF Kandala, Chari V. Sundaram, Jaya GP IEEE TI ESTIMATING THE MOISTURE CONTENT OF GRAIN FROM IMPEDANCE AND PHASE ANGLE MEASUREMENTS SO SAS 2009 - IEEE SENSORS APPLICATIONS SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium CY FEB 17-19, 2009 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE Instrumentat & Measurement Soc DE Impedance analyzer; parallel-plate electrodes; capacitance; phase angle; moisture content; corn ID SINGLE KERNELS; CORN AB A simple, low cost instrument that measures impedance and phase angle was used along with a parallel-plate capacitance system to estimate the moisture content (MC) of yellow corn. A sample of corn weighing about 100g was placed between the parallel-plate electrodes and the impedance and phase angle of the system were measured. A semi-empirical equation was developed with the measured values, and their MC values determined earlier by standard air-oven method, using multiple linear regression (MLR) methods. MC values of corn samples in the moisture range of 6% to 20%, not used in the calibration, were predicted by the equation and compared with their standard air-oven values. For over 93% of the samples tested the predicted MC values were within 1% of the air-oven values. This method being nondestructive and rapid will have considerable application in the drying and storage processes of corn and similar grain products. C1 [Kandala, Chari V.; Sundaram, Jaya] ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. RP Kandala, CV (reprint author), ARS, Natl Peanut Res Lab, USDA, POB 509, Dawson, GA 39842 USA. EM chari.kandala@ars.usda.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2786-4 PY 2009 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1109/SAS.2009.4801779 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BKL67 UT WOS:000268444000014 ER PT J AU Eskelson, BNI Temesgen, H Lemay, V Barrett, TM Crookston, NL Hudak, AT AF Eskelson, Bianca N. I. Temesgen, Hailemariam Lemay, Valerie Barrett, Tara M. Crookston, Nicholas L. Hudak, Andrew T. TI The roles of nearest neighbor methods in imputing missing data in forest inventory and monitoring databases SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Consistent notation; forest measurements; input data for forest planning; nearest neighbor imputation; registration error; sources of X-variables ID REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; REGENERATION IMPUTATION MODELS; INDIVIDUAL TREE GROWTH; DISCRETE-RETURN LIDAR; SATELLITE IMAGERY; BASAL AREA; AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS; NONPARAMETRIC METHODS; STAND CHARACTERISTICS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB Almost universally, forest inventory and monitoring databases are incomplete, ranging from missing data for only a few records and a few variables, common for small land areas, to missing data for many observations and many variables, common for large land areas. For a wide variety of applications, nearest neighbor (NN) imputation methods have been developed to fill in observations of variables that are missing on some records (Y-variables), using related variables that are available for all records (X-variables). This review attempts to summarize the advantages and weaknesses of NN imputation methods and to give an overview of the NN approaches that have most commonly been used. It also discusses some of the challenges of NN imputation methods. The inclusion of NN imputation methods into standard software packages and the use of consistent notation may improve further development of NN imputation methods. Using X-variables from different data sources provides promising results, but raises the issue of spatial and temporal registration errors. Quantitative measures of the contribution of individual X-variables to the accuracy of imputing the Y-variables are needed. In addition, further research is warranted to verify statistical properties, modify methods to improve statistical properties, and provide variance estimators. C1 [Eskelson, Bianca N. I.; Temesgen, Hailemariam] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Lemay, Valerie] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest Resources, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Barrett, Tara M.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Anchorage, AK USA. [Crookston, Nicholas L.; Hudak, Andrew T.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Moscow, ID USA. RP Temesgen, H (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Engn Resources & Management, 237 Peavy Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM hailemariam.temesgen@oregonstate.edu RI Eskelson, Bianca/P-6095-2016 OI Eskelson, Bianca/0000-0002-3398-2333 FU Forest Inventory and Analysis program; Pacific Northwest Research Station, United States Forest Service FX We gratefully acknowledge the support provided by the Forest Inventory and Analysis program, Pacific Northwest Research Station, United States Forest Service. We also thank Drs Robert Monserud, Jeff Brandt, Helge Dzierzon, Hampus Holmstrom, and two anonymous reviewers for their insights and comments on an early draft. NR 70 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS PI OSLO PA KARL JOHANS GATE 5, NO-0154 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0282-7581 EI 1651-1891 J9 SCAND J FOREST RES JI Scand. J. Forest Res. PY 2009 VL 24 IS 3 BP 235 EP 246 AR PII 910951567 DI 10.1080/02827580902870490 PG 12 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 461KA UT WOS:000267263700006 ER PT J AU Krause, CR Derksen, RC Horst, LE Zhu, HP Zondag, R AF Krause, Charles R. Derksen, Richard C. Horst, Leona E. Zhu, Heping Zondag, Randall TI Effects of Sprayer Configuration on Efficacy for the Control of Scab on Crabapple Using Electron Beam Analysis SO SCANNING LA English DT Article DE fungicide; apple scab disease management; cold field emission scanning electron microscopy; X-ray microanalysis; spray deposition; nursery crops AB Foliar diseases like apple scab result in significant economic losses to growers each year. Assessment in past studies involved only macroscopic disease ratings. More complete knowledge of the fate and behavior of fungicide has been needed to reduce pesticide use with less off-target contamination. Field studies were conducted in a production nursery for over 4 years. A moderately susceptible cultivar of ornamental crabapple, Malus spp. cv "Candied Apple", was sprayed with a fungicide using two sprayer/nozzle configurations. The fungicide used in this study was Mankocide, combination of Cu(OH)(2) and mancozeb that permitted electron beam analysis (EBA) identification based on the presence of Cu, MN and Zn in the molecule and formulation. EBA was conducted using a cold field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray micro-analyzer. Fresh leaf samples were placed on sticky stubs after each fungicide treatment. The presence or absence Of fungal conidia and fungicide residue were measured. EBA permitted direct visualization and identification of the pathogens, rnorphologically, and chemical characterization of fungicide present. EBA was useful to quantify disease control related to fungicide coverage, sprayer configuration and treatment efficacy. SCANNING 31: 24-27, 2009. (dagger)Published 2009 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Krause, Charles R.; Derksen, Richard C.; Horst, Leona E.; Zhu, Heping] ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Zondag, Randall] Ohio State Univ Extens, Painesville, OH USA. RP Krause, CR (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Applicat Technol Res Unit, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM charles.krause@ars.usda.gov FU Horticultural Research Institute; American Nursery and Landscape Association FX Contract grant sponsors: Horticultural Research Institute American Nursery and Landscape Association. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0161-0457 J9 SCANNING JI Scanning PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 31 IS 1 BP 24 EP 27 DI 10.1002/sca.20138 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Microscopy GA 415GR UT WOS:000263922800004 PM 19172634 ER PT J AU La Scala, N Lopes, A Spokas, K Archer, DW Reicosky, D AF La Scala, Newton, Jr. Lopes, Afonso Spokas, Kurt Archer, David Walter Reicosky, Donald TI FIRST-ORDER DECAY MODELS TO DESCRIBE SOIL C-CO2 LOSS AFTER ROTARY TILLAGE SO SCIENTIA AGRICOLA LA English DT Article DE soil respiration; soil tillage; soil organic matter; labile carbon decay ID ORGANIC-MATTER DYNAMICS; NATURAL C-13 ABUNDANCE; SOUTHERN BRAZIL; CARBON; CO2; SYSTEMS; FLUXES; VALIDATION; INTENSITY; AGGREGATE AB To further understand the impact of tillage on CO2 emission, the applicability of two conceptual models was tested, which describe the CO2 emission after tillage as a function of the non-tilled emission plus a correction due to the tillage disturbance. Models assume that C in readily decomposable organic matter follows a first-order reaction kinetics equation as: dC(soil) (t) / dt = -k C-soil (t), and that soil C-CO2 emission is proportional to the C decay rate in soil, where C-soil(t) is the available labile soil C (g m(-2)) at any time (t) and k is the decay constant (time(-1)). Two possible assumptions were tested to determine the tilled (F-T) fluxes: the decay constants (k) of labile soil C before and after tillage are different (Model 1) or not (Model 2). Accordingly, C flux relationships between non-tilled (F-NT) and tilled (F-T) conditions are given by: F-T = F-NT + a(1) e(-a2t) (model 1) and F-T = a(3) F-NT e(-a4t) (model 2), where t is time after tillage. Predicted and observed CO2 fluxes presented good agreement based on the coefficient of determination (R-2 = 0.91). Model comparison revealed a slightly improved statistical fit of model 2, where all C pools are assigned with the same k constant. Rotary speed was related to increases in the amount of labile C available and to changes of the mean resident labile C pool available after tillage. This approach allows describing the temporal variability of tillage-induced emissions by a simple analytical function, including non-tilled emission plus an exponential term modulated by tillage and environmentally dependent parameters. C1 [La Scala, Newton, Jr.; Lopes, Afonso] UNESP, FCAV, Depto Ciencias Exatas, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. [Spokas, Kurt] USDA ARS, Soil & Water Management Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Archer, David Walter] USDA ARS, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Reicosky, Donald] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. RP La Scala, N (reprint author), UNESP, FCAV, Depto Ciencias Exatas, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil. EM lascala@fcav.unesp.br RI La Scala Jr., Newton/C-4398-2012; Spokas, Kurt/F-4839-2016 OI Spokas, Kurt/0000-0002-5049-5959 FU FAPESP; CNPq; Unesp FX To FAPESP, CNPq and Unesp for support. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV SAO PAOLO PI CERQUERA CESAR PA AV DR ENEAS DE CARVALHO AGUIAR, 419, CERQUERA CESAR, SP 05403-000, BRAZIL SN 0103-9016 J9 SCI AGR JI Sci. Agric. PY 2009 VL 66 IS 5 BP 650 EP 657 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA 505IE UT WOS:000270685300010 ER PT J AU Zhao, T Feng, J Sechler, A Randhawa, P Li, J Schaad, NW AF Zhao, T. Feng, J. Sechler, A. Randhawa, P. Li, J. Schaad, N. W. TI An improved assay for detection of Acidovorax citrulli in watermelon and melon seed SO SEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL FRUIT BLOTCH; AVENAE SUBSP CITRULLI; PCR AB Acidovorax citrulli (Ac), the causal agent of a bacterial seedling blight and fruit blotch, has emerged as a serious seedborne pathogen of watermelon and melons world-wide. Although attempts have been made to develop a simple routine laboratory seed assay to detect the organism in seeds, none is routinely used. Seeds contaminated with Ac remain a problem for the seed industry. We describe a combined agar plating, real-time PCR assay for detection of Ac in watermelon and melon seeds. The bacteria were extracted by soaking seeds in buffer containing vancomycin and assayed by dilution plating onto semiselective ethanol bromcresol purple /brilliant blue R (EBB) agar and onto EBB agar containing ampicillin (EBBA), by direct real-time PCR. and by real-time BIO-PCR (enrichment PCR). Using extracts of 1,000 healthy seeds spiked with a pure culture suspension of cells of Ac, the BIO-PCR assay using EBBA agar detected Ac in extracts containing as few as one cell per ml. When replicates of 1,000 healthy seeds were spiked with a single naturally infected seed, all the laboratory assays, including plating onto EBB and EBBA agar, direct PCR, and BIO-PCR were positive. This combined agar plating, real-time PCR protocol should prove useful as a routine assay for detection of Ac in watermelon and melon seeds, even in those samples containing relatively high levels of saprophytic bacteria. C1 [Schaad, N. W.] USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Zhao, T.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China. [Feng, J.; Li, J.] China Agr Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Randhawa, P.] Calif Seed & Plant Lab, Elverta, CA 95626 USA. RP Schaad, NW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Foreign Dis Weed Sci Res Unit, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Norman.schaad@ars.usda.gov FU China Scholarship Council; Chinese Ministry of Education [NCET-04-0128] FX This work was supported in part by grants to Jianjun Feng from China Scholarship Council in 2006 to study abroad, and partly from the Chinese Ministry of Education (NCET-04-0128). We thank M. Bonde and W. Bruckart for reviewing the manuscript and Abbott and Cobb Seed Company for supplying healthy seeds. We especially thank John Hanshew and Steve Flook for assisting with the field plots. The use of trade firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the United States Department of Agriculture or the Agricultural Research Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 13 PU ISTA-INT SEED TESTING ASSOC PI BASSERSDORF PA ZUERICHSTR 50, PO BOX 308, CH-8303 BASSERSDORF, SWITZERLAND SN 0251-0952 J9 SEED SCI TECHNOL JI Seed Sci. Technol. PY 2009 VL 37 IS 2 BP 337 EP 349 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 526DT UT WOS:000272268600008 ER PT B AU Silva, CJ AF Silva, Christopher J. BE Fratamico, PM Smith, JL Brogden, KA TI Prion Diseases SO SEQUELAE AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; INTRAVENTRICULAR PENTOSAN POLYSULFATE; FATAL FAMILIAL INSOMNIA; TRANSGENIC MICE; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; PROTEIN GENOTYPE; STRAIN VARIATION; SCRAPIE AGENT C1 ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. RP Silva, CJ (reprint author), ARS, Foodborne Contaminants Res Unit, Western Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Albany, CA 94710 USA. NR 190 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-430-4 PY 2009 BP 425 EP 442 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BKK70 UT WOS:000268393800024 ER PT B AU Smith, JL Fratamico, PM AF Smith, James L. Fratamico, Pina M. BE Fratamico, PM Smith, JL Brogden, KA TI Diseases with Long-Term Consequences in Search of a Microbial Agent SO SEQUELAE AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; AVIUM SUBSPECIES PARATUBERCULOSIS; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; SYSTEMIC-LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS C1 [Smith, James L.; Fratamico, Pina M.] ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. RP Smith, JL (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 175 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-430-4 PY 2009 BP 459 EP 475 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BKK70 UT WOS:000268393800026 ER PT B AU Fratamico, PM Smith, JL Brogden, KA AF Fratamico, Pina M. Smith, James L. Brogden, Kim A. BE Fratamico, PM Smith, JL Brogden, KA TI Concluding Perspectives of Sequelae and Long-Term Consequences of Infectious Diseases-What's Next? SO SEQUELAE AND LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; LYME-DISEASE; COST C1 [Fratamico, Pina M.; Smith, James L.] ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. [Brogden, Kim A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Periodont, Coll Dent, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Brogden, Kim A.] Univ Iowa, Dows Inst Dent Res, Coll Dent, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Fratamico, PM (reprint author), ARS, Microbial Food Safety Res Unit, Eastern Reg Res Ctr, USDA, 600 E Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N STREET NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA BN 978-1-55581-430-4 PY 2009 BP 487 EP 493 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BKK70 UT WOS:000268393800028 ER PT B AU Williams, RS Lacher, S Halpin, C White, C AF Williams, R. Sam Lacher, Steve Halpin, Corey White, Christopher BE Martin, JW Ryntz, RA Chin, J Dickie, RA TI Evaluating Cyclic Fatigue of Sealants During Outdoor Testing SO SERVICE LIFE PREDICTION OF POLYMERIC MATERIALS: GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Symposium on Service Life Prediction CY DEC 03-08, 2006 CL Key Largo, FL AB A computer-controlled test apparatus (CCTA) and other instrumentation for subjecting sealant specimens to cyclic fatigue during outdoor exposure was developed. The CCTA enables us to use weather-induced conditions to cyclic fatigue specimens and to conduct controlled tests in-situ during the outdoor exposure. Thermally; induced dimensional changes of an aluminum bar were fed to a computer that enhanced the movement, set limits oil the movement, and supplied movement information to the test apparatus. As specimens moved, load/deformation and weather conditions (temperature, relative humidity, UV, radiation, precipitation, and wind velocity) were measured every few minutes to give an extensive database containing these variables. In addition, controlled tests were done every four hours during the exposure. At these four-hour intervals. the computer was programmed to interrupt weather-induced cyclic fatigue and conduct a standard-strain test. The data enabled us to calculate the elastic modulus of each specimen at any time during the c exposure and to construct a model that fit the observed temperature and relative humidity effects on modulus. C1 [Williams, R. Sam; Lacher, Steve; Halpin, Corey] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [White, Christopher] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD USA. RP Williams, RS (reprint author), USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Forest Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-0-387-84875-4 PY 2009 BP 129 EP + DI 10.1007/978-0-387-84876-1_9 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA BJA23 UT WOS:000264098900009 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Shellfish Mariculture in Drakes Estero, Point Reyes National Seashore, California Summary SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID OYSTERS CRASSOSTREA-GIGAS; EELGRASS ZOSTERA-MARINA; SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; SUSPENSION-FEEDING BIVALVES; HAPLOSPORIDIUM-NELSONI MSX; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST ESTUARY; PHOCA-VITULINA-RICHARDSI; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; HARBOR SEALS C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 246 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 1 EP + PG 22 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300001 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Shellfish Mariculture in Drakes Estero, Point Reyes National Seashore, California Introduction to Drakes Estero SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 9 EP 24 PG 16 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300002 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Benthic/Pelagic Coupling-Nutrients and Particulates SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 25 EP 29 PG 5 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300003 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Eelgrass SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 30 EP 34 PG 5 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300004 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Fish SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 35 EP 37 PG 3 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300005 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Benthic Invertebrates in Soft Sediments SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 38 EP 40 PG 3 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300006 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Harbor Seals SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 41 EP 49 PG 9 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300007 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Nonnative Species SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 50 EP 56 PG 7 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300008 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Birds SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 57 EP 60 PG 4 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300009 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Human-Use Values-Economics, Recreation, and Aesthetics SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 61 EP 66 PG 6 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300010 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Scientific Conclusions That Can Be Drawn SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 67 EP 70 PG 4 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300011 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI Accuracy of the Scientific Conclusions Released by NPS to the Public SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 71 EP 79 PG 9 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300012 ER PT J AU Peterson, CH Costa-Pierce, BA Dumbauld, BR Friedman, C Hofmann, EE Kite-Powell, H Manahan, DT O'Beirn, F Paine, RT Thompson, P Whitlatch, R Roberts, S Bostrom, J Chiarello, H Mcnutt, MK Boesch, DF Corredor, JE Criddle, KR Feeley, MH Hernandez, D Holman, RA Kim, K Knuth, BA Lawson, RA Matsumoto, GI Pearlman, JS Rosenberg, AA Rudnick, DL Serafin, RJ Trehu, AM Tyack, PL Wright, DJ Yoder, JA Roberts, S Mengelt, C Park, S Bostrom, J Glickson, D Banskota, S Lewis, P Chiarello, H Justice, J AF Peterson, Charles (Pete) H. Costa-Pierce, Barry A. Dumbauld, Brett R. Friedman, Carolyn Hofmann, Eileen E. Kite-Powell, Hauke Manahan, Donal T. O'Beirn, Francis Paine, Robert T. Thompson, Paul Whitlatch, Robert Roberts, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Chiarello, Heather Mcnutt, Marcia K. Boesch, Donald F. Corredor, Jorge E. Criddle, Keith R. Feeley, Mary (Missy) H. Hernandez, Debra Holman, Robert A. Kim, Kiho Knuth, Barbara A. Lawson, Robert A. Matsumoto, George I. Pearlman, Jay S. Rosenberg, Andrew A. Rudnick, Daniel L. Serafin, Robert J. Trehu, Anne M. Tyack, Peter L. Wright, Dawn J. Yoder, James A. Roberts, Susan Mengelt, Claudia Park, Susan Bostrom, Jodi Glickson, Deborah Banskota, Shubha Lewis, Pamela Chiarello, Heather Justice, Jeremy CA Pt Reyes Natl Seashore Ocean Studies Board GP Natl Res Council TI How Scientific Conclusions Affected NPS Decision Making SO SHELLFISH MARICULTURE IN DRAKES ESTERO, POINT REYES NATIONAL SEASHORE, CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Peterson, Charles (Pete) H.] Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Rhode Isl Sea Grant Coll Program, Narragansett, RI USA. [Costa-Pierce, Barry A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Fisheries Aquaculture & Oceanog, Narragansett, RI USA. [Dumbauld, Brett R.] ARS, USDA, Newport, OR USA. [Friedman, Carolyn] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hofmann, Eileen E.] Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Coastal Phys Oceanog, Oceanog, Norfolk, VA USA. [Kite-Powell, Hauke] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Marine Policy Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Manahan, Donal T.] Univ So Calif, Biol Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [O'Beirn, Francis] Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. [Paine, Robert T.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thompson, Paul] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Biol Sci, Zool, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Whitlatch, Robert] Univ Connecticut, Marine Sci, Groton, CT USA. [Roberts, Susan; Bostrom, Jodi; Chiarello, Heather] Ocean Studies Board, Washington, DC USA. [Roberts, Susan] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Roberts, Susan] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Chiarello, Heather] Natl Acad, New York, NY USA. [Mcnutt, Marcia K.; Matsumoto, George I.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA. [Boesch, Donald F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD USA. [Corredor, Jorge E.] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Criddle, Keith R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Juneau, AK USA. [Feeley, Mary (Missy) H.] ExxonMobil Explorat Co, Houston, TX USA. [Hernandez, Debra] Hernandez & Co, Isle Of Palms, SC USA. [Holman, Robert A.; Trehu, Anne M.; Wright, Dawn J.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Kim, Kiho] Amer Univ, Washington, DC 20016 USA. [Knuth, Barbara A.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Lawson, Robert A.] Sci Applicat Int Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Pearlman, Jay S.] Boeing Co, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Rosenberg, Andrew A.] Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Rudnick, Daniel L.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Serafin, Robert J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Tyack, Peter L.; Yoder, James A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA USA. RP Peterson, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACADEMIES PRESS PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA BN 978-0-309-13898-7 PY 2009 BP 80 EP 87 PG 8 WC Ecology; Fisheries SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries GA BC3XK UT WOS:000352027300013 ER PT J AU Tshabalala, MA Yang, V Libert, R AF Tshabalala, Mandla A. Yang, Vina Libert, Ryan BE Mittal, KL TI Surface Modification of Wood by Alkoxysilane Sol-Gel Deposition to Create Anti-mold and Anti-fungal Characteristics SO SILANES AND OTHER COUPLING AGENTS, VOL 5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents CY JUN 13-15, 2007 CL Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH HO Univ Cincinnati DE Sol-gel deposition; alkoxysilanes; wood surface modification; hybrid inorganic-organic thin films; anti-mold; anti-fungal ID WATER REPELLENT CHARACTERISTICS; DIELECTRIC BARRIER DISCHARGES; MULTIFUNCTIONAL ALKOXYSILANES; ATMOSPHERIC-PRESSURE; PERFORMANCE AB Hybrid inorganic/organic thin films deposited on wood substrates have been shown to lower the rate of moisture sorption of the wood. Deposition of such thin films can be accomplished by sol-gel deposition or by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. This paper describes in situ sol-gel deposition of hybrid inorganic/organic thin films on wood substrates using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) as precursor and trifluoroacetic acid as catalyst. MTMOS has desirable performance characteristics such as substrate penetration and water repellence. The surface chemistry of wood specimens coated with these thin films was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA). Surface morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effect of sol-gel-deposited thin films on mold growth and fungal colonization on wood surfaces was investigated. These thin films were shown to inhibit growth of mixed mold spores and decay fungi, Trametes versicolor and Gloeophyllum trabeum, on wood surfaces. Moisture resistance properties of the sol-gel thin film deposit may be the single most important contributor to the anti-mold and anti-fungal properties of the sol-gel-treated wood surfaces. C1 [Tshabalala, Mandla A.; Yang, Vina; Libert, Ryan] US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Tshabalala, MA (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Forest Prod Lab, 1 Gifford Pinchot Dr, Madison, WI 53726 USA. EM mtshabalala@fs.fed.us NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU VSP BV-C/O BRILL ACAD PUBL PI LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-04-19332-1 PY 2009 BP 135 EP 147 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Materials Science GA BAH07 UT WOS:000304135100010 ER PT J AU Weiskittel, AR Kenefic, LS Seymour, RS Phillips, LM AF Weiskittel, Aaron R. Kenefic, Laura S. Seymour, Robert S. Phillips, Leah M. TI Long-Term Effects of Precommercial Thinning on the Stem Dimensions, Form and Branch Characteristics of Red Spruce and Balsam Fir Crop Trees in Maine, USA SO SILVA FENNICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th IUFRO Workshop on Connection between Forest Resources and Wood Quality CY JUN 08-14, 2008 CL Koli Natl Pk, Joensuu, FINLAND HO Koli Natl Pk DE growth and yield; Acadian Forest; Abies balsamea; Picea rubens; precommercial thinning ID EXPONENT TAPER EQUATION; DOUGLAS-FIR; PINUS-SYLVESTRIS; LOBLOLLY-PINE; PICEA-ABIES; STAND; GROWTH; DENSITY; DIAMETER; QUALITY AB The effects of precommercial thinning (PCT) on stem dimensions, form, volume, and branch attributes of red spruce [Picea rubens Sarg.] and balsam fir [Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.] crop trees were assessed 25 years after treatment in an even-aged northern conifer stand. Treatments were a uniform 2.4 x 2.4-m spacing and a control (no PCT). The PCT treatment significantly increased individual tree diameter at breast height (DBH), height growth, crown ratio, and crown width, while it reduced the tree height to DBH ratio. PCT also significantly increased stem taper and consequently, regional Volume equations overpredicted observed stem volume by 2 to 15%, particularly for the spaced trees. PCT also increased the number and maximum size of branches on the lower bole. The sizes of knots on half of the sampled spruce crop trees in the spaced plots precluded them from being used as select structural lumber; there were no other effects on log grade. Our findings indicate that PCT can have a long-term influence on the structural attributes of individual trees, and that improved stem-volume prediction equations are needed in the Acadian region of North America. C1 [Weiskittel, Aaron R.; Seymour, Robert S.; Phillips, Leah M.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Kenefic, Laura S.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Bradley, ME 04411 USA. RP Weiskittel, AR (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM aaron.weiskittel@umit.maine.edu RI Kenefic, Laura/H-3177-2014 NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 13 PU FINNISH SOC FOREST SCIENCE-NATURAL RESOURCES INST FINLAND PI VANTAA PA PO BOX 18, FI-01301 VANTAA, FINLAND SN 0037-5330 EI 2242-4075 J9 SILVA FENN JI Silva. Fenn. PY 2009 VL 43 IS 3 SI SI BP 397 EP 409 AR 196 DI 10.14214/sf.196 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 491NC UT WOS:000269584700007 ER PT J AU Thomas, RE AF Thomas, R. Edward TI Modeling the Relationships among Internal Defect Features and External Appalachian Hardwood Log Defect Indicators SO SILVA FENNICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th IUFRO Workshop on Connection between Forest Resources and Wood Quality CY JUN 08-14, 2008 CL Koli Natl Pk, Joensuu, FINLAND HO Koli Natl Pk DE hardwood; log defects; modeling; surface scan AB As a hardwood tree grows and develops, surface defects such as branch stubs and wounds are overgrown. Evidence of these defects remain on the log surface for decades and in many instances for the life of the tree. As the tree grows the defect is encapsulated or grown over by new wood. During this process the appearance of the defect in the tree's bark changes. The defect becomes flatter and its dimension changes. This progressional change in appearance is predictable, permitting the size and location of the internal defect to be reliably estimated. This paper concerns the development and analysis of models for the prediction of internal features. With the advent of surface scanning and external detection systems, the prediction of internal features promises to significantly improve the quality, yield, and value of sawn wood products. C1 US Forest Serv, USDA, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Thomas, RE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 241 Mercer Springs Rd, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. EM edthomas@gmail.com NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU FINNISH SOC FOREST SCIENCE-NATURAL RESOURCES INST FINLAND PI VANTAA PA PO BOX 18, FI-01301 VANTAA, FINLAND SN 0037-5330 EI 2242-4075 J9 SILVA FENN JI Silva. Fenn. PY 2009 VL 43 IS 3 SI SI BP 447 EP 456 AR 199 DI 10.14214/sf.199 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 491NC UT WOS:000269584700010 ER PT J AU Gobster, PH AF Gobster, Paul H. TI American Perceptions of Immigrant and Invasive Species: Strangers on the Land SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Book Review C1 [Gobster, Paul H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Chicago, IL USA. RP Gobster, PH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, USDA, Chicago, IL USA. RI Gobster, Paul/A-2826-2013 OI Gobster, Paul/0000-0002-8576-0310 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2009 VL 22 IS 3 BP 287 EP 289 AR PII 908552061 DI 10.1080/08941920802690895 PG 3 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 404IC UT WOS:000263144000007 ER PT J AU Zhou, WQ Troy, A Grove, JM Jenkins, JC AF Zhou, Weiqi Troy, Austin Grove, J. Morgan Jenkins, Jennifer C. TI Can Money Buy Green? Demographic and Socioeconomic Predictors of Lawn-Care Expenditures and Lawn Greenness in Urban Residential Areas SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE Baltimore; lifestyle behavior; long-term ecological research (LTER); NDVI; population; social stratification; urban ecology; urban lawn ID AVHRR NDVI; VEGETATION; NEIGHBORHOODS; COMMUNITIES; LANDSCAPE; AUSTRALIA AB It is increasingly important to understand how household characteristics influence lawn characteristics, as lawns play an important ecological role in human-dominated landscapes. This article investigates household and neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics as predictors of residential lawn-care expenditures and lawn greenness. The study area is the Gwynns Falls watershed, which includes portions of Baltimore City and Baltimore County, MD. We examined indicators of population, social stratification (income, education and race), lifestyle behavior, and housing age as predictors of lawn-care expenditures and lawn greenness. We also tested the potential of PRIZM market cluster data as predictors for these two dependent variables. Lawn greenness was found to be significantly associated with lawn-care expenditures, but with a relatively weak positive correlation. We also found lifestyle behavior indicators to be the best predictors for both dependent variables. PRIZM data, especially the lifestyle segmentation, also proved to be useful predictors for both. C1 [Zhou, Weiqi; Troy, Austin] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Grove, J. Morgan] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, S Burlington, VT USA. [Jenkins, Jennifer C.] Univ Vermont, Aiken Ctr, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA. RP Zhou, WQ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM weiqi.zhou@gmail.com RI Zhou, Weiqi/G-2427-2010 NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2009 VL 22 IS 8 BP 744 EP 760 DI 10.1080/08941920802074330 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 485MY UT WOS:000269128600004 ER PT J AU Hammer, RB Stewart, SI Radeloff, VC AF Hammer, Roger B. Stewart, Susan I. Radeloff, Volker C. TI Demographic Trends, the Wildland-Urban Interface, and Wildfire Management SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE demographic trends; wicked problem; wildfire management; wildland-urban interface ID UNITED-STATES; MIGRATION; FORESTS AB In this article, we provide an overview of the demographic trends that have impacted and will continue to impact the "wicked'' wildfire management problem in the United States, with particular attention to the emergence of the wildland-urban interface (WUI). Although population growth has had an impact on the emergence of the WUI, the deconcentration of population and housing, amenity-driven population growth in select nonmetropolitan counties, and interregional population shifts to the West and Southeast have had and will continue to have much greater impacts. In the coming decades, we can expect the retirement of the baby boom generation to exacerbate these trends. C1 [Hammer, Roger B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Sustainable Rural Communities Initiat, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Stewart, Susan I.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Evanston, IL USA. [Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI USA. RP Hammer, RB (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Sociol, Sustainable Rural Communities Initiat, 312 Fairbanks Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM rhammer@oregonstate.edu RI Radeloff, Volker/B-6124-2016 OI Radeloff, Volker/0000-0001-9004-221X NR 21 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 4 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2009 VL 22 IS 8 BP 777 EP 782 DI 10.1080/08941920802714042 PG 6 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 485MY UT WOS:000269128600006 ER PT J AU Majumdar, I Teeter, LD Butler, BJ AF Majumdar, Indrajit Teeter, Lawrence D. Butler, Brett J. TI Using Extant Data to Determine Management Direction in Family Forests SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE discriminant analysis; family forest; K-Nearest Neighbor; landowner ID DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; PRIVATE FORESTS; UNITED-STATES; OWNERS; TIMBER AB This study investigated the differences between multiple-objective-, timber-, and non-timber-motivated family forest landowner groups in the southeastern states of Alabama, Georgia, and South Carolina. Our focus was primarily to develop a classification scheme using easily available location-specific secondary data associated with family forest owners such that we may be able to identify the likely management direction for particular parcels of forestland in the future. Using nonparametric discriminatory analysis procedures we found that the biophysical, socioeconomic, and demographic factors best differentiated the landowner groups. With all the variables used to develop the classification scheme in this study known, a priori-that is, before the landowner on a Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) plot location is contacted for the National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS)-it may be possible to predict the motivational membership type of a future landowner with known woodlot (FIA) and demographic (Census) attributes. C1 [Majumdar, Indrajit] Minist Nat Resources, Ind Relat Branch, Forest Business & Econ Sect, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 6V5, Canada. [Teeter, Lawrence D.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Butler, Brett J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA USA. RP Majumdar, I (reprint author), Minist Nat Resources, Ind Relat Branch, Forest Business & Econ Sect, 70 Foster Dr,Suite 400, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 6V5, Canada. EM indrajit.majumdar@ontario.ca NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2009 VL 22 IS 10 BP 867 EP 883 DI 10.1080/08941920802064687 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 515MD UT WOS:000271474500001 ER PT J AU Fischer, AP Bliss, JC AF Fischer, A. Paige Bliss, John C. TI Framing Conservation on Private Lands: Conserving Oak in Oregon's Willamette Valley SO SOCIETY & NATURAL RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE conservation policy; family forests; oak; private land; threatened habitat ID BEHAVIORAL ASSUMPTIONS; POLICY AB Conserving threatened habitats on private lands requires policies that advance the interests of landowners and natural resource professionals alike. Through qualitative analysis of individual and focus-group interviews, we compared how family forest owners and natural resource professionals frame conservation of threatened habitat: the oak woodlands and savanna in Oregon. Applying constructionism to the analysis and design of specific policies, we explored policy options to facilitate cooperation and avert conflict between these stakeholders. Informants displayed three primary frames in discussions of oak conservation: the human-nature relationship, the rights and obligations of property ownership, and the role of policy in social change. Their motivations to conserve oak and preferences for conservation policy stemmed from their differing uses of these frames. Conservation easements, habitat mitigation banking, and voluntary grass-roots initiatives were three types of policy that seemed to accommodate the frames of both owners and natural resource professionals. C1 [Fischer, A. Paige] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Bliss, John C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Resources, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Fischer, AP (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM paigefisher@fs.fed.us NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0894-1920 EI 1521-0723 J9 SOC NATUR RESOUR JI Soc. Nat. Resour. PY 2009 VL 22 IS 10 BP 884 EP 900 DI 10.1080/08941920802314926 PG 17 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Sociology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Sociology GA 515MD UT WOS:000271474500002 ER PT J AU Morales-Ramos, JA Rojas, MG Nimocks, D AF Morales-Ramos, Juan A. Rojas, M. Guadalupe Nimocks, David, III TI Some Organic Acids Acting as Stimulants of Recruitment and Feeding for the Formosan Subterranean Termite (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Subterranean termites; feeding stimulants; baits; nutritional ecology; control ID BROWN-ROT FUNGI; COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS; NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGY; OXALIC-ACID; BAIT MATRIX; WOOD; PREFERENCE AB The feeding stimulating properties of 3 organic acids (salicylic, oxalic, and glucuronic acids) and 2 nitrogen containing compounds (uric acid, and glucosamine) for the Formosan Subterranean termite were tested A two choice test between cellulosic matrices with the compounds and blanks showed chat Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki significantly preferred matrices with 50 ppm of oxalic acid, salicylic acid, or a blend of equal parts of these 2 compounds plus uric acid and glucosamine. Uric acid and glucosamine did not stimulate feeding or recruitment when added alone at concentrations of 50 ppm. The blend of 4 compounds including oxalic, salicylic, and Uric acids and glucosamine was most effective stimulating feeding of C formosanus at concentrations of 50 and 200 ppm, but the blend became a feeding deterrent at 400 ppm. Glucoronic acid induced feeding stimulation at 450 ppm, but it induced feeding deterrence at 675 ppm. Results indicate that the feeding stimulating properties of these organic acids occur between narrow ranges of concentrations, which may differ significantly among different organic acids. C1 [Morales-Ramos, Juan A.; Rojas, M. Guadalupe] USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. [Nimocks, David, III] Ensystex Co, Fayetteville, AR USA. RP Morales-Ramos, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, So Reg Res Ctr, Formosan Subterranean Termite Res Unit, POB 19687, New Orleans, LA 70124 USA. OI Morales-Ramos, Juan/0000-0002-3506-3859 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 BP 861 EP 871 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 516LY UT WOS:000271544900015 ER PT J AU Troyer, EJ Derstine, NT Showalter, DN Jang, EB Siderhurst, MS AF Troyer, Elisa J. Derstine, Nathan T. Showalter, David N. Jang, Eric B. Siderhurst, Matthew S. TI Field Studies of Wasmannia auropunctata Alkylpyrazines: Towards Management Applications SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CUTTING ANT HYMENOPTERA; TRAIL PHEROMONE; METHYL 4-METHYLPYRROLE-2-CARBOXYLATE; FORMICIDAE CONTROL; ALARM PHEROMONES; FIRE ANT; BAIT; GALAPAGOS; COMPONENT; FOREST AB Field bioassys with Wasmannia auropunctata (Roger) show that the alarm pheromone components 2,5-dimethyl-3-(2-methylbutyl)pyrazine and 3-methyl-2-(2-methylbutyl)pyrazine both attract and arrest ants in a natural environment. Coparions between lures containing 2,5-dimethyl-3-(2-methylbutyl)pyrazine and 3-methyl-2-(2-methylbutyl)pyrazine singly and in blends (10:1 and 100:1) based on W.auropunctata extracts, failed to show differences in the time required to attract a given number of ants. In feeding bioassays, the alarm pheromone decreased consumption of peanut butter and solutions of protein and sugar. Tanglefoot squares failed to catch W. auropunctata with any of the lures tested. The field responses fof W. uropunctata to alarm pheromonlure show a mixed potential for control applications. While the strong attraction and longevity of lures is promising, the mability to increase ban consumption or capture ants with Tanglefoot presents obstacles to using these alarm pheromone components for ant management. C1 [Troyer, Elisa J.; Derstine, Nathan T.; Showalter, David N.; Siderhurst, Matthew S.] Eastern Mennonite Univ, Dept Chem, Harrisonburg, VA 22802 USA. [Jang, Eric B.] USDA ARS, US Pacific Basin Agr Res Ctr, Hilo, HI 96720 USA. RP Siderhurst, MS (reprint author), Eastern Mennonite Univ, Dept Chem, 1200 Pk Rd, Harrisonburg, VA 22802 USA. RI Showalter, David/D-4142-2013 OI Showalter, David/0000-0001-9853-4905 NR 36 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 BP 955 EP 971 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 516LY UT WOS:000271544900024 ER PT J AU Shelton, TG Gerard, PD Wagner, TL AF Shelton, Thomas G. Gerard, Patrick D. Wagner, Terence L. TI Partial Disturbance of Resources Foraged by Reticulitermes flavipes SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE termites; Eastern subterranean termites; disturbance; behavior; foraging ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES ISOPTERA; RHINOTERMITIDAE; POPULATIONS AB The introduction of termiticidal baits over 10 years ago has increased interest in the basic foraging behavior of pest termite species. Due to the amount of interference with foraged Cellulose material (bait matrices, both treated and untreated) in bait stations as part of some control programs,the following study was initiated to examine the response of termites to very short term (1 wk) partial disturbances of a foraged resource. Does weekly Interruption (disturbance) of 0, 25, 50, 75, or 100% of a foraged resource reduce feeding (or activity) by Subterranean termites? Four pre-weighed cubes of southern yellow pine (Pinus spp. L.) in close proximity (I cm) were provided to groups of Eastern Subterranean termites [Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar)] as foraging choices in two different screw-top Jar arena tests. Tie first study was done in single jars requiring termites to stay confined near the disturbed blocks,while a second study used three connected jars providing the termites with the ability to avoid the Jar with the disturbed blocks altogether. Both studies used similar methods, differing only in arena design. In these studies, one, two, three, all or none of the blocks were picked LIP carefully and the number of termites on the moved block Counted weekly. Data from both studies indicated that termites did not permanently leave disturbed blocks, and that between 50 and 75% of the blocks needed to be moved to reduce feeding on the disturbed blocks. C1 [Shelton, Thomas G.; Wagner, Terence L.] USDA FS SRS 4552, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Gerard, Patrick D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Shelton, TG (reprint author), USDA FS SRS 4552, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 54 IS 3 BP 973 EP 989 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 516LY UT WOS:000271544900025 ER PT J AU Whitford, WG Steinberger, Y AF Whitford, Walter G. Steinberger, Yosef TI Harvester Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Discriminate Among Artificial Seeds with Different Protein Contents SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Harvester ants; Pogonomyrmex occidentalis; protein; food choices ID FOOD; ECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR; ECOLOGY AB Workers of colonies of the western harvester ant, Pogonomyrmex occidentalis, were recruited to patches of artificial seed of the same caloric value but different protein content. Rates of forager returns with artificial seeds containing five percent protein were nearly twice those of zero percent protein. Differences in foraging rates on artificial seeds of ten and twenty percent protein compared to foraging rates on zero percent protein seeds were not different from the comparison of foraging rates on five percent and zero percent protein seeds. There were no differences in foraging rates on zero percent protein seeds, 0.5 percent and one percent protein seeds. P. occidentalis presented with patches containing equal amounts of zero, five, ten, and twenty percent protein seeds returned equal amounts of each protein content seed type to the colonies. When presented with high quality seed patches in the same location for four successive days, the rates of forager returns increased over time. When seed patch locations were switched, P, occidentalis' rate of return of zero protein content seeds was the same as for the five percent protein seeds at that location the previous day. Seeds with protein content between one and two percent represent a threshold for seed quality that affects the foraging rate of P. occidentalis workers. C1 [Whitford, Walter G.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88002 USA. [Steinberger, Yosef] Bar Ilan Univ, Mina & Everad Goodman Fac Life Sci, IL-52900 Ramat Gan, Israel. RP Whitford, WG (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88002 USA. FU International Arid Lands Consortium; Jornada Long-term Ecological Research Program FX the field studies were conducted by Robert Repass and would not have been possible without his diligent efforts. This paper was supported in part by funding from the International Arid Lands Consortium and is a contribution of the Jornada Long-term Ecological Research Program. NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 53 IS 2B BP 549 EP 558 PG 10 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 507NH UT WOS:000270860700014 ER PT J AU Lee, KC Sun, JZ Zhu, YC Mallette, EJ AF Lee, Karmen Christeen Sun, Jian-Zhong Zhu, Yucheng Mallette, Eldon J. TI A Case Study of the Formosan Subterranean Termite, Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Transported with a Non-Cellulosic Commercial Carrier in South Mississippi SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Invasive subterranean termites; Distribution; Mississippi; cytochrome oxidase; COII ID OXIDASE-II GENE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; SHIRAKI AB This report provides new evidence that the spread of C. formosanus in Mississippi is also attributed to commercial activities with some non-wood carriers moved from infested coastal areas. Sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit II indicated that the genotype of a termite colony collected from a boat located in south Mississippi, (originally purchased in New Orleans, Louisiana by the owner) has not been previously documented in the southeastern mainland of the United States. Preliminary sequence alignment analysis exhibited that this termite sample from Mississippi was genetically more similar to colonies documented in southeastern Asia. C1 [Lee, Karmen Christeen; Sun, Jian-Zhong; Mallette, Eldon J.] Mississippi State Univ, Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. [Zhu, Yucheng] USDA ARS, Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Sun, JZ (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coastal Res & Extens Ctr, 810 Hwy 26 W,POB 193, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. EM jzsun1002@hotmail.com FU National Formosan Subterranean Termite Research Program [6435-3200-008-013S] FX We thank E. Blythe, D. St. Louis (Coastal Research and Extension Center, Mississippi State University), and B. Layton (Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University) for reviewing an early draft of this manuscript. The authors also appreciate Fanny Liu and Lily Luo for laboratory assistance. This research was supported by the National Formosan Subterranean Termite Research Program sponsored by USDA-ARS, Project Number: 6435-3200-008-013S. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 53 IS 3 BP 619 EP 630 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 507NI UT WOS:000270860800001 ER PT J AU Mulrooney, JE Gerard, PD AF Mulrooney, J. E. Gerard, P. D. TI Tunneling and Activity of Reticulitermes flavipes (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) Exposed to Low Concentrations of Nonrepellent Termiticides SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nonrepellent termiticide; toxicity; termite activity ID SUBTERRANEAN TERMITES ISOPTERA; COPTOTERMES-FORMOSANUS; TREATED SOIL; FIPRONIL; TOXICITY; INSECTICIDES; THICKNESSES; REPELLENCY; MORTALITY; EASTERN AB Tunneling and activity bioassays of chlorfenapyr, fipronil, and imidacloprid treated sand were conducted in the laboratory using Reticulitermes flavipes (Kollar). Termites tunneled significantly less through sand treated with 1.0 ppm concentrations of fipronil and imidacloprid compared to the control and chlorfenapyr. Mortality after 7 d was 57, 25, and 29% for fipronil, chlorfenapyr, and imidacloprid, respectively. In a second experiment, termite activity was determined from sound events detected in an acoustical event detection system over a 48 h period after termites were placed on sand treated with 1.0 or 10.0 ppm concentrations. Activity of termites declined to near zero within 3 and 9 h when exposed to 1.0 ppm imidacloprid- and fipronil-treated sand, respectively. Termites in the 1.0 ppm chlorfenapyr treatment showed a decline in activity to near zero after 7 h, followed by an increase in activity and another decline at 12 and 13 h only to increase once again and remain significantly above zero for the remainder of the 48 h period. Mean termite mortality 7 d after termites were placed on treated sand was 100, 99, and 76% for fipronil, chlorfenapyr, and imidacloprid, respectively. Termite activity declined to near zero 2, 8, and 9 h after exposure to 10.0 ppm imidacloprid-, chlorfenapyr-, and fipronil-treated sand, respectively. Mortality associated with the 10.0 ppm concentration, recorded after 4 d, was 100% for fipronil and 92% for chlorfenapyr. Mortality due to imidacloprid exposure was 100% after 7 d. C1 [Mulrooney, J. E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. [Gerard, P. D.] Clemson Univ, Dept Appl Econ & Stat, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Mulrooney, JE (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, 201 Lincoln Green, Starkville, MS 39759 USA. EM jmulrooney@fs.fed.us NR 28 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 53 IS 3 BP 695 EP 706 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 507NI UT WOS:000270860800007 ER PT J AU Kafle, L Wu, WJ Vander Meer, RK Huang, YY Shih, CJ AF Kafle, Lekhnath Wu, Wen-Jer Vander Meer, Robert K. Huang, Yi-You Shih, Cheng-Jen TI Microencapsulated Bait: Does It Work With Red Imported Fire Ants, Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)? SO SOCIOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Solenopsis invicta; P-bait; microencapsulation; preference; water tolerance ID BUREN HYMENOPTERA AB The preference of red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, for microencapsulated (MC) pyriproxifen based corn grit baits (P-bait) was conducted in laboratory and field conditions. A positive correlation between the microencapsulation rate and water tolerance ability of P-bait was observed. A 20% increment of water tolerance ability of P-baits was observed when P-baits were microencapsulated with 5% poly-epsilon-caprolactone. The microencapsulated and wet P-baits were less preferred than normal P-baits by the fire ants either in laboratory or field conditions. Based upon these results, poly-epsilon-caprolactone coated fire ant baits cannot be considered as perfect fire ant baits. C1 [Kafle, Lekhnath; Wu, Wen-Jer; Shih, Cheng-Jen] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Entomol, Taipei 106, Taiwan. [Vander Meer, Robert K.] ARS, USDA, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Huang, Yi-You] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Taipei 100, Taiwan. RP Shih, CJ (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Entomol, Taipei 106, Taiwan. EM shihcj@ntu.edu.tw FU Laboratory of Extension Entomology and Science Education; Dept. of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan FX We would like to express our special thanks to the Laboratory of Extension Entomology and Science Education, Dept. of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taiwan for facilities and financial supports. We also would like to thank Mr. Bao, Shi-Zhe for his cooperation during this study. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU CALIFORNIA STATE UNIV PI CHICO PA DEPT BIOL SCI, CHICO, CA 95929 USA SN 0361-6525 J9 SOCIOBIOLOGY JI Sociobiology PY 2009 VL 53 IS 3 BP 729 EP 737 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 507NI UT WOS:000270860800010 ER PT J AU Donner, M Atehnkeng, J Sikora, RA Bandyopadhyay, R Cotty, PJ AF Donner, Matthias Atehnkeng, Joseph Sikora, Richard A. Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit Cotty, Peter J. TI Distribution of Aspergillus section Flavi in soils of maize fields in three agroecological zones of Nigeria SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aflatoxin; Aspergillus section Flavi; S(BG); atoxigenic; West Africa ID AFLATOXIN PRODUCTION; CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID; UNITED-STATES; PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN; ATOXIGENIC STRAIN; WEST-AFRICA; SOUTH TEXAS; PEANUTS; COTTON; PARASITICUS AB Fungal communities in soils of Nigerian maize fields were examined to determine distributions of aflatoxin-producing fungi and to identify endemic atoxigenic strains of potential value as biological control agents for limiting aflatoxin contamination in West African crops. Over 1000 isolates belonging to Aspergillus section Flavi were collected from soil of 55 Nigerian maize fields located in three agroecological zones by dilution plating onto modified Rose Bengal agar. The most common member of Aspergillus section Flavi (85% of isolates) was the A. flavus L-strain followed by the unnamed taxon known as strain S(BG) (8%). A. tamarii (6%) and A. parasiticus (1%). Highest incidence Of SBG was in Zaria district, and lowest was in Ogbomosho and Ado-Ekiti districts. Only 44% of 492 A. flavus isolates produced aflatoxins in liquid fermentation (limit of detection 5 ng g(-1)). Thirty-two percent of the A. flavus isolates produced >1 mu g g(-1) total aflatoxins but no A. flavus isolate produced G aflatoxins. When the agroecological zones were compared, significantly (P < 0.05) greater proportions of aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates were found in the Northern Guinea Savannah (61%) than in Southern Guinea Savannah (31%). The Derived Savannah was intermediate between the other two agroecological zones. Each of the regions had atoxigenic strains of potential value as biological control agents. All S(BG) and A. parasiticus isolates produced both B and G aflatoxins and greater than 300 pg g(-1) total aflatoxins. SBG and A. parasiticus isolates were the greatest contributors to the aflatoxin-producing potential of fungal communities in regions where these isolates occurred. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Cotty, Peter J.] Univ Arizona, Div Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Dept Plant Sci, USDA,ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Donner, Matthias; Sikora, Richard A.] Univ Bonn, INRES Inst Crop Sci & Resource Conservat, Dept Plant Pathol, D-5300 Bonn, Germany. [Atehnkeng, Joseph; Bandyopadhyay, Ranajit] Int Inst Trop Agr, Ibadan, Nigeria. [Atehnkeng, Joseph] Univ Ibadan, Dept Crop Protect & Environm Biol, Ibadan, Nigeria. RP Cotty, PJ (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Div Plant Pathol & Microbiol, Dept Plant Sci, USDA,ARS, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM pjcotty@email.arizona.edu FU Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung; BMZ (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development) FX This study was funded by the Bundesministerium fur wirtschaftliche Zusammenarbeit und Entwicklung, BMZ (German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development). NR 55 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 41 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.soilbio.2008.09.013 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 391RR UT WOS:000262250900006 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S AF Goldberg, Subine TI Influence of Soil Solution Salinity on Molybdenum Adsorption by Soils SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Constant capacitance model; electrical conductivity; surface complexation model ID MODELING COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; MOLYBDATE; PHOSPHATE; TUNGSTATE; MINERALS; SORPTION; DESORPTION; ARSENATE; SULFATE AB Molybdenum (Mo) adsorption on five arid-zone soils from California was investigated as a function of equilibrium Solution Mo concentration (0 30 mg L(-1)), solution pH (4-8), and electrical conductivity (EC = 0.3 or 8 dS m (1)). Molybdenum adsorption decreased with increasing pH. An adsorption maximum was found near pit 4. Molybdenum adsorption as a function Of solution pH was independent of solution salinity from pH 4 to 8. Molybdenum adsorption for five soils as a function Of Solution Mo concentration conformed to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation. The Mo adsorption maxima obtained with the Langmuir equation for both ECs were not statistically significantly different it the 95% level of confidence, with the exception of one soil. The constant capacitance model, a surface complexation model, was able to describe Mo adsorption as a function of solution Mo concentration and solution pit. Molybdenum adsorption was predicted using the soil chemical properties: cation exchange capacity, organic carbon content, inorganic carbon content, and iron oxide content, These results are advantageous, its they indicate that, under agricultural conditions (pit 4-8), Mo adsorption call usually be described without consideration of changes ill Soil solution salinity. C1 ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Goldberg, S (reprint author), ARS, USDA, US Salin Lab, 450 W Big Springs Rd, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. EM Sabine.Goldberg@ars.usda.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 174 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1097/SS.0b013e318195b827 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 395VI UT WOS:000262551200003 ER PT J AU Hernandez-Ramirez, G Brouder, SM Smith, DR Van Scoyoc, GE AF Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo Brouder, Sylvie M. Smith, Douglas R. Van Scoyoc, George E. TI Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics in an Eastern Corn Belt Soil: Nitrogen Source and Rotation SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC-MATTER; NO-TILLAGE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; CONTRASTING MANAGEMENT; SEQUESTRATION; FERTILIZATION; PARTICULATE; AGGREGATE; IMPACT; FRACTIONS AB Soil C sequestration may mitigate increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. This study was conducted to assess chemical and physical fractions of total organic C (TOC) and total N (TN) as affected by land use, N fertilizer source, and rotation. Particulate organic matter (POM) and non-hydrolyzable C (NHC) fractions were measured in Drummer (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Typic Endoaquoll) silty clay loam and Raub (fine-silty, mixed, superactive, mesic Aquic Argiudoll) silt loam soil series during two growing seasons. Agroecosystems evaluated were continuous corn (Zea mays L.) (CC) and corn grown in rotation with soybean [Glycine max. (L.) Merr.] (CS) both with urea-ammonium nitrate (UAN), CC with either spring or fall liquid swine manure (CCSM and CCFM, respectively), soybean in rotation with CSUAN (SC), and restored prairie grass (PG). In general, CCFM exhibited the largest soil C and N pools. In corn-soybean rotations, the TOC declined roughly 10% following SC but increased a comparable amount following CSUAN. The 2-yr corn-soybean rotation (SC and CSUAN) had a similar overall effect as CCUAN on TOC (ranging from 22 to 24 g C kg(-1) soil). When compared with CCUAN, PG soils were enriched in TOC, fine POM-C and NHC but not in N pools, reflecting soil C and N dynamics dominated by fine root turnover without fertilization and tillage. Comparison of soil C pools between treatments that differed in TOC revealed that newly sequestered C was preferentially allocated into POM supporting this fraction as an indicator of management effect on C sequestration. C1 [Brouder, Sylvie M.; Van Scoyoc, George E.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Tilth Lab, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smith, Douglas R.] ARS, USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Brouder, SM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM sbrouder@purdue.edu RI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/I-5429-2013 OI Hernandez Ramirez, Guillermo/0000-0001-8225-5813 FU USDA-NRI (Soil and Soil Biology Program); Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (CASMGS); Dep. of State (Fulbright Program); Andrew Environmental Grant-Purdue Univ. Graduate School FX We thank A. Stath, J. Volenec, L. Wright, J. Turner, J. Carter, B. Carter, B. Hofmann, R. Graef and D. Bucholtz for their technical assistance and B. Joern for coordinating the Manure applications. We acknowledge financial support by USDA-NRI (Soil and Soil Biology Program), Consortium for Agricultural Soils Mitigation of Greenhouse Gases (CASMGS), Dep. of State (Fulbright Program), and Andrew Environmental Grant-Purdue Univ. Graduate School. NR 65 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 23 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 128 EP 137 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0381 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 409BK UT WOS:000263481000016 ER PT J AU White, PA Rice, CW AF White, Paul A. Rice, Charles W. TI Tillage Effects on Microbial and Carbon Dynamics during Plant Residue Decomposition SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; NO-TILLAGE; ABUNDANCE; NITROGEN; ACID; AGROECOSYSTEMS; SEQUESTRATION; BACTERIAL; BIOMASS; BIOTA AB One goal of soil C sequestration is to increase the mass of C stored in agricultural soils. Reducing soil disturbance, e.g., no-till management, facilitates soil fungal growth and results in higher C sequestration rates; however, the specific mechanisms associated with short-term plant residue C and N retention are less clear. We applied (13)C- and (15)N-enriched grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] residue to no-till (NT) and conventional tillage (CT) soils, and measured the (13)C and (15)N retention in the soil and in aggregate fractions, along with soil microbial dynamics, during a growing season. The added plant residue mineralized rapidly in both tillage systems, with similar decomposition kinetics, as indicated by (13)C data. Mass balance calculations indicated that approximately 70% of the added (13)C was mineralized to CO(2) by 40 d. Total Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungal phospholipid fatty acids were higher under NT 0 to 5 cm during the most active period of residue mineralization compared with the CT 0- to 5- or 5- to 15-cm depths. No changes were observed in the NT 5- to 15-cm depth. The > 1000-mu m aggregate size class retained the most (13)C, regardless of tillage. The NT >1000-mu m aggregates retained more (15)N at the end of the experiment than other NT and CT aggregates size classes. Data obtained indicate higher biological activity associated with NT soils than under CT and increased retention of plant residue C and N in macroaggregates. C1 [Rice, Charles W.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Agron, Throckmorton Plant Sci Ctr 2004A, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. RP White, PA (reprint author), ARS, USDA, SEWRL, 2316 Rainwater Rd, Tifton, GA 31794 USA. EM Paul.White@ars.usda.gov FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, USDA [2001-38700-11092.]; Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station in Manhattan [07-85-J] FX This material is based on work supported by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, USDA, tinder Agreement no. 2001-38700-11092. Any opinions, Findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of the USDA. The authors thank Dr. Mary Beth Kirkham, Dr. Clenton Owensby, Dr. Jay Ham, and Geronimo Watson for advice on 13C-labeling procedures and plant growth conditions. Soil aggregate data and statistical expertise provided by Karina Fabrizzi and Tim Todd, respectively, is greatly appreciated. The field and laboratory assistance of Cody Burton, Amanda May, and Michael Perkins was essential to the project. This is a contribution from the Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station in Manhattan (no. 07-85-J). NR 35 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 31 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 138 EP 145 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0384 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 409BK UT WOS:000263481000017 ER PT J AU Schomberg, HH Endale, DM Jenkins, MB Sharpe, RR Fisher, DS Cabrera, ML McCracken, DV AF Schomberg, Harry H. Endale, Dinku M. Jenkins, Michael B. Sharpe, Ron R. Fisher, Dwight S. Cabrera, Miguel L. McCracken, Dan V. TI Soil Test Nutrient Changes Induced by Poultry Litter under Conventional Tillage and No-Tillage SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TERM LAND APPLICATION; BROILER LITTER; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; PHOSPHORUS; COTTON; MANAGEMENT; NITROGEN; IMPACT; FERTILIZER; PIEDMONT AB Poultry litter (PL) can supply N, P, K, and other plant nutrients; however, excessive application may cause environmental problems, depending on management and crop nutrient demand. Changes in soil test (ST) nutrient content in a Cecil soil (a fine, kaolinitic, thermic Typic Kanhapludult) during a 10-yr period of PL use was evaluated at the USDA-ARS J. Phil Campbell, Sr., Natural Resource Conservation Center, Watkinsville, GA. During the cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cropping phase (1995-2000), 4.4 Mg PL ha(-1) yr(-1) resulted in small changes in ST nutrient content in the surface 15 cm. Differences were observed between tillage treatments, with less accumulation of Ca, Mg, and Mn and greater accumulation of Zn for no-till (NT) than conventional tillage (CT). During the corn (Zea mays L.) cropping phase (2001-2005), average annual PL inputs (11.2 Mg ha(-1)) increased P and Zn contents, with changes being similar for CT and NT After 10 yr, ST nutrient contents in the surface 15 cm reflected 25, 4, 45, 26, 17, and 97% of the input from PL for P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, and Zn, respectively. Changes in soil profile nutrient content (to a depth of 60 cm) from 1997 to 2005 were predominantly at 0 to 15 cm, where P and Zn increased >200%. Accumulation of Ca, K, 11, and Zn at lower depths was also observed. Strategies for increasing nutrient removal following repeated long-term application of PL should be considered to avoid excessive levels of nutrients. C1 [Schomberg, Harry H.; Endale, Dinku M.; Jenkins, Michael B.; Sharpe, Ron R.; Fisher, Dwight S.] ARS, USDA, Nat Resource Conserv Ctr, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. [Cabrera, Miguel L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [McCracken, Dan V.] Soiltech Inc, Bremen, GA 30110 USA. RP Schomberg, HH (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Nat Resource Conserv Ctr, 1420 Expt Stn Rd, Watkinsville, GA 30677 USA. EM harry.schomberg@ars.usda.gov NR 54 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 154 EP 163 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0431 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 409BK UT WOS:000263481000019 ER PT J AU Pikul, JL Chilom, G Rice, J Eynard, A Schumacher, TE Nichols, K Johnson, JMF Wright, S Caesar, T Ellsbury, M AF Pikul, Joseph L., Jr. Chilom, Gabriela Rice, James Eynard, Anna Schumacher, Thomas E. Nichols, Kristine Johnson, Jane M. F. Wright, Sara Caesar, TheCan Ellsbury, Michael TI Organic Matter and Water Stability of Field Aggregates Affected by Tillage in South Dakota SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ROOT-DERIVED CARBON; SOIL AGGREGATION; CROP RESIDUE; HUMIC-ACID; NO-TILL; MANAGEMENT; GLOMALIN; NITROGEN AB Tillage has been associated with soil organic matter (SOM) decline. A case study of two adjacent farms was conducted in eastern South Dakota. One farm used no-till (NT) and the other used chisel tillage (CT). We hypothesized that soil under NT compared with tillage, Would have both greater quantity and greater quality of SOM and chat this improved SOM condtion Would result in increased water stable aggregation (WSA). A rotary sieve was used to sort dry field aggregates into six size groups: <0.4, 0.4 to 0.8, 0.8 to 2.0, 2.0 to 6.0, 6.0 to 19.0, and > 19 mm. Water stable aggregation, soil organic C (SOC), N, glomalin, and basidiomycete fungi were measured. Fine particulate soil organic matter (fPOM, 0.5-0.053 mm) and coarse particulate organic matter (2.0-0.5 mm) were isolated by sieving. Quantitative solid-state (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance was used to determine C type in humic acid, humin, and whole soil. The fPOM/SOM ratio was greatest in <0.4-mm aggregates and 24% greater in NT than CT Soil organic C was greatest in 0.8- to 2.0-mm aggregates and 11% greater in NT than CT Average WSA was 63% greater under NT than under CT. Aggregate wettability was less tinder NT than CT. Slower water uptake under NT might be attributed to a greater abundance Of wax-type C under NT than under CT. We conclude that NT, compared with CT resulted in better SOM quality during the course of 10 yr. Improved SOM quality was related to improved WSA. C1 [Pikul, Joseph L., Jr.; Ellsbury, Michael] ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. [Chilom, Gabriela; Rice, James] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Eynard, Anna; Schumacher, Thomas E.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Nichols, Kristine] ARS, USDA, No Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. [Johnson, Jane M. F.] ARS, USDA, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Wright, Sara] ARS, USDA, Sustainable Agr Syst Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Caesar, TheCan] ARS, USDA, No Plains Agr Res Lab, Sidney, MT 59270 USA. RP Pikul, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, N Cent Agr Res Lab, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57006 USA. EM joseph.pikul@ars.usda.gov OI Johnson, Jane/0000-0002-1687-4007 FU National Science Foundation [0091948] FX We wish to think Mr. David Harris, Ms. Melissa Bossert, and Ms. Nancy Barbour for skillful analytical work and technical support. Appreciation is extended to Darrell Granbois, USDA-NRCS, for providing the soil map and aerial photograph overlay. Gabriela Chilom and James Rice acknowledge Support by the National Science Foundation Grant No. 0091948. We are indebted to South Dakota farmers Dave Diedrich, Larry Diedrich, and Larry Thielen for encouragement and resources of their farms. NR 66 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 30 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 197 EP 206 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0184 PG 10 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 409BK UT WOS:000263481000024 ER PT J AU Dabney, SM McGregor, KC Wilson, GV Cullum, RF AF Dabney, Seth M. McGregor, K. C. Wilson, G. V. Cullum, R. F. TI How Management of Grass Hedges Affects their Erosion Reduction Potential SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID REDUCED-TILL CORN; SOIL LOSS; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; CONCENTRATED FLOW; FILTER STRIPS; COTTON PLOTS; NO-TILL; SEDIMENT; RUNOFF; BARRIERS AB Grass hedges are specialized vegetative buffers effective in trapping sediment. Information is needed on how the effectiveness of grass hedges changes over time after planting, and in response to hedge clipping management. Erosion from natural rainfall was measured during 13 yr after establishing single-row (eventually growing to be 1 m wide) miscanthus (Miscanthus sinensis Andersson) hedges at the lower end of erosion plots (21 m long, 5% slope) in a replicated Study involving conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) grown on silt loam soils (Typic Fragiudalfs) in Holly Springs, MS. Sediment yield Values from plots with and without grass hedges were analyzed with reference to the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to determine the conservation support practice ("P" factor) for sediment yield, which is the fractional reduction in sediment yield due to the presence of the grass hedge. The "P" factor of grass hedges was found to be about 0.5 in the establishment year and to decrease progressively with time for CT cotton. The "P" factor for grass hedges averaged 0.23 for CT wide-row cotton and 0.12 for Ultra narrow row (UNR) cotton studied with older hedges. "P" factors for NT were higher, averaging 0.5 for wide-row cotton and 0.65 for UNR cotton, perhaps reflecting a finer eroded sediment size distribution. Comparison of several methods of estimating hedge effectiveness showed that while observed monthly rainfall effects on soil erosion were not fully explained by the E130 term used in RUSLE, fitting more complex statistical models to the data did not appreciably alter estimates of fractional sediment yield reduction due to grass hedges. The results of this Study demonstrated that during extreme events, hedge effectiveness was enhanced ("P" was lowered) by management chat allowed accumulation of hedge clippings upslope of the hedges. However, for freshly tilled conditions, "P" values for 7-yr old hedges varied from 0.2 for monthly rainfall = 100 mm to 0.35 for monthly rainfall = 400 mm even when all residues were removed. C1 [Dabney, Seth M.; McGregor, K. C.; Wilson, G. V.; Cullum, R. F.] ARS, USDA, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. RP Dabney, SM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, POB 1157, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. EM seth.dabney@ars.usda.gov NR 39 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 13 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 241 EP 254 DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0434 PG 14 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 409BK UT WOS:000263481000029 ER PT J AU Wuest, SB AF Wuest, Stewart B. TI Correction of Bulk Density and Sampling Method Biases Using Soil Mass per Unit Area SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TERM NO-TILL; ORGANIC-CARBON; AGROECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT AB This study compared linear depth from the soil surface vs. equivalent sample mass for interpreting soil water content and concentration data. Our first experiment sampled soils that differed only in surface bulk density. A second experiment compared different soil sampling tools. In both cases, analysis by mass instead of depth corrected water content discrepancies caused by bulk density or sample compaction differences. In a third experiment, samples collected from an on-farm test resulted in many significant differences in soil moisture between tillage practices for linear depth data that did not exist when analyzed using equivalent sample mass. When it is important to avoid confounding bulk density, depth from the surface, or sampling method with quantitative measurements, sampling by mass instead of volume is more accurate and precise than many quantitative methods currently in use, and represents an important advance in our ability to make comparative measurements across time, treatments, locations, and equipment. C1 ARS, USDA, Columbia Plateau Conserv Res Ctr, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. RP Wuest, SB (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Columbia Plateau Conserv Res Ctr, POB 370, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. EM stewart.wuest@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 20 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0361-5995 J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 73 IS 1 BP 312 EP 316 DI 10.2136/sssaj2008.0063 PG 5 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 409BK UT WOS:000263481000036 ER PT J AU Papiernik, SK Schumacher, TE Lobb, DA Lindstrom, MJ Lieser, ML Eynard, A Schumacher, JA AF Papiernik, S. K. Schumacher, T. E. Lobb, D. A. Lindstrom, M. J. Lieser, M. L. Eynard, A. Schumacher, J. A. TI Soil properties and productivity as affected by topsoil movement within an eroded landform SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Landscape restoration; Nutrient; Organic carbon; Soil-landscape rehabilitation; Soil profile; Tillage erosion ID TILLAGE EROSION; CROP YIELD; CORN YIELD; LANDSCAPE; CULTIVATION; CANADA; CARBON; WHEAT; TRANSLOCATION; REMOVAL AB In hilly landforms subject to long-term cultivation, erosion has denuded upper slope positions of topsoil and accumulated topsoil in lower slope positions. One approach to remediate these eroded landforms is moving soil from areas of topsoil accumulation to areas of topsoil depletion, termed here soil-landscape rehabilitation. These experiments were conducted in an eroded undulating landform typical of the prairie pothole region. The summit, shoulder, upper and lower backslope were depleted in soil nutrients and organic carbon and had enriched inorganic carbon contents through the incorporation of calcareous subsoil material into the tilled layer. Surface soil organic carbon contents in lower slope positions were at least twice that in the most eroded positions. Six replicate plots were established that extended from the summit to the toeslope of the test area. Soil-landscape rehabilitation was performed on three plots by moving 15-20 cm of soil from the lower slope (footslope and toeslope) to the upper slope (summit, shoulder, and upper backslope) positions. The three remaining plots were undisturbed. In lower slope positions, soil properties were shifted upwards with respect to the soil surface by 15-20 cm in rehabilitated plots (where soil was removed). In upper slope positions, soil properties were shifted downwards by 15-20 cm in rehabilitated plots (where soil was applied, original soil was buried). After rehabilitation, the top 15 cm of soil in rehabilitated plots had characteristics similar to the footslope and toeslope, from which the soil was taken. Thus, soil properties were much more uniform from summit to toeslope in rehabilitated plots compared to undisturbed plots. Productivity was measured in two cropping years characterized by summer drought conditions. In rehabilitated plots, yields were relatively consistent across landscape positions, whereas in undisturbed plots, yields were depressed in eroded landscape positions. Grain yields in rehabilitated plots were increased by 30% in areas of soil addition. These yield increases were accompanied by yield decreases of 50% (year 1) and 20% (year 2) in areas of soil removal. Results indicate that movement of accumulated topsoil from lower slope positions to eroded upper slope positions can result in large yield increases in upper slope positions and more consistency in crop yields across the landscape, but additional research is needed to provide a more complete analysis of the soil productivity impacts of this approach. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Papiernik, S. K.; Lindstrom, M. J.] USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, Morris, MN 56267 USA. [Schumacher, T. E.; Eynard, A.; Schumacher, J. A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Sci, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Lobb, D. A.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Soil Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Lieser, M. L.] USDA Nat Resources Conservat Serv, Fergus Falls, MN 56537 USA. RP Papiernik, SK (reprint author), USDA ARS, N Cent Soil Conservat Res Lab, 803 Iowa Ave, Morris, MN 56267 USA. EM Sharon.Papiernik@ars.usda.gov NR 38 TC 20 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 102 IS 1 BP 67 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.07.018 PG 11 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 395TQ UT WOS:000262546800009 ER PT J AU Leite, LFC Doraiswamy, PC Causarano, HJ Gollany, HT Milak, S Mendonca, ES AF Leite, L. F. C. Doraiswamy, P. C. Causarano, H. J. Gollany, H. T. Milak, S. Mendonca, E. S. TI Modeling organic carbon dynamics under no-tillage and plowed systems in tropical soils of Brazil using CQESTR SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Soil organic matter; Carbon sequestration; Tillage systems; Simulation models ID LONG-TERM EXPERIMENTS; MATTER DYNAMICS; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; MEASURED VALUES; MANAGEMENT; SEQUESTRATION; OXISOLS; STOCKS; YIELD; CORN AB CQESTR simulates the effect of management practices on soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. The beta version of the model had been calibrated and validated for temperate regions. our objective was to evaluate the CQESTR model performance for simulating carbon dynamics as affected by tillage practices in two tropical soils (Ultisol and Oxisol) in southeastern and northeastern Brazil. In the southeast (20.75 S 42.81 W), tillage systems consisted of no tillage (NT); reduced tillage (RT) (one disc plow and one harrow leveling [RT1 I or one heavy disc harrow and one harrow leveling [RT2]): and conventional tillage (CT) (two heavy disc harrows followed by one disc plow and two harrow levelings). In the northeast (7.55 S 45.23 W), tillage systems consisted of NT, RT(one chisel plow and one harrow leveling), and CT(one disk plow, two heavy disk harrowings, and two harrow levelings). CQESTR underestimated SOC at both sites, especially under NT systems, indicating that adjustments (e.g., the inclusion of clay mineralogy factor) are necessary for more accurate simulation of SOC in the tropics. In spite of this, measured and simulated values of SOC in the 0-20 cm depth were well correlated (southeast, R-2 = 0.94. p < 0.01; northeast, R-2 = 0.88, p < 0.05). With respect to initial conditions (native forest), CQESTR estimated a decrease in SOC stocks in plowed and no-tillage systems. In 2006, in the southeast, SOC stocks were 28.8, 23.7, 23.2, and 22.0 Mg ha(-1) under NT, RT2, RT1, and CT, respectively; in the northeast, stocks were 36.0, 33.8, and 32.5 Mg ha(-1) under NT, RT, and CT, respectively. The model estimated carbon emissions varying from 0.36 (NT) to 1.05 Mg ha(-1) year(-1) (CT) in the southeast and from 0.30 (NT) to 0.82 (CT) Mg ha(-1) year(-1) in the northeast. CQESTR prediction of SOC dynamics illustrates acceptable performance for the two tropical soils of Brazil. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Leite, L. F. C.] EMBRAPA Meio Norte, BR-64006220 Teresina, PI, Brazil. [Doraiswamy, P. C.; Causarano, H. J.; Milak, S.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Causarano, H. J.] Fac Ciencias Agr, San Lorenzo, Paraguay. [Gollany, H. T.] USDA ARS PWA, Pendleton, OR 97801 USA. [Mendonca, E. S.] Univ Fed Vicosa, Dept Solos, BR-36571000 Vicosa, MG, Brazil. RP Leite, LFC (reprint author), EMBRAPA Meio Norte, Caixa Postal 01, BR-64006220 Teresina, PI, Brazil. EM luizf@cpamn.embrapa.br RI El Husny, Chafic/G-5410-2012 FU Global Climate Change Team; US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX Funding for this research was primarily provided by the Global Climate Change Team, US Agency for International Development, Washington, DC. The authors would like to acknowledge the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture for providing partial funding to support this project. NR 45 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 EI 1879-3444 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 102 IS 1 BP 118 EP 125 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.08.003 PG 8 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 395TQ UT WOS:000262546800015 ER PT J AU Martin, SW Hanks, J AF Martin, Steven W. Hanks, James TI Economic analysis of no tillage and minimum tillage cotton-corn rotations in the Mississippi Delta SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE No till; Minimum till; Rotations; Cotton; Corn; Net returns AB Crop rotations have been shown to have agronomic benefits. An increasingly common crop rotation in the Mid-South is cotton rotated with corn. Many previous studies have focused on tillage systems or crop rotations. Few have evaluated a combination of the two (crop rotations and tillage) especially from an economics perspective. Field studies were conducted at Stoneville, MS for the period 2001-2006. Treatments included no till continuous cotton, minimum till continuous cotton, one year corn followed by two years cotton no till, one year corn followed by two years cotton minimum till, one year corn-one year cotton no till and one year corn-one year cotton minimum till. Results revealed that cotton yields were increased in all four systems rotated with corn. Lower risk was associated with minimum till cotton. Gross returns were higher in a monoculture minimum till cotton system. Net returns were larger in a system that included minimum tillage and a corn rotation. The highest net returns and lowest risk were obtained from a minimum till system of cotton rotated with corn every other year. For those producers required to use a no till system, a one year corn-two year cotton rotation provided the highest net returns and least risk. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Martin, Steven W.] Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. [Hanks, James] USDA ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. RP Martin, SW (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Delta Res & Extens Ctr, POB 69, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. EM smartin@ext.msstate.edu NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 102 IS 1 BP 135 EP 137 DI 10.1016/j.still.2008.08.009 PG 3 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA 395TQ UT WOS:000262546800017 ER PT J AU Fleet, RR Rudolph, DC Camper, JD Niederhofer, J AF Fleet, Robert R. Rudolph, D. Craig Camper, J. D. Niederhofer, J. TI Ecological Parameters of Coluber constrictor etheridgei, with Comparisons to Other Coluber constrictor Subspecies SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Big Thicket Science Conference on Biodiversity and Ecology of the West Gulf Coastal Plain Landscape CY MAR 22-25, 2007 CL Beaumont, TX ID SNAKES AB In 1998, we conducted a radio-telemetry study of Coluber constrictor etheridgei (Tan Racer) in the Angelina National Forest in eastern Texas Individuals were located once daily from 12 June to 14 August We determined home-range size, movement distances, movement frequency, and habitat use for this short-term study. We also determined food habits of this population by examination of fecal samples We compared these parameters to other Racer taxa in Utah (C c mormon [Western Yellow-bellied Racer]), Kansas (C c flaviventris [Eastern Yellow-bellied Racer)), and South Carolina (C c priapus [Southern Black Racer)) Compared to these populations, Texas Racers exhibited larger home ranges and greater movement frequency and distances during the summer than Utah or Kansas populations, but approximately equal to those of the South Carolina population Available data on food habits suggests that all populations are consumers of invertebrate and vertebrate prey We hypothesize that the basic diet of C constrictor is composed of invertebrates captured by active foraging in areas of abundant herbaceous vegetation, that differences in home-range size and movement distances result from variations in patchiness of suitable foraging habitat across populations, and that the proportion of vertebrate prey in the diet of Coluber populations Increases as home-range size and movement distances increase due to Increasing patchiness of foraging habitat, resulting in increasing encounters with vertebrate prey. C1 [Rudolph, D. Craig] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Coll Forestry, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, USDA Forest Serv,So Res Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. [Fleet, Robert R.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. [Camper, J. D.] Francis Marion Univ, Dept Biol, Florence, SC 29506 USA. [Niederhofer, J.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Biol, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. RP Rudolph, DC (reprint author), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Coll Forestry, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, USDA Forest Serv,So Res Stn, 506 Hayter St, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 12 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 SI 2 BP 31 EP 40 DI 10.1656/058.008.s207 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 585GO UT WOS:000276813000002 ER PT J AU Rudolph, DC Schaefer, RR Pierce, JB Saenz, D Conner, RN AF Rudolph, D. Craig Schaefer, Richard R. Pierce, Josh B. Saenz, Dan Conner, Richard N. TI Texas Ratsnake Predation on Southern Flying Squirrels in Red-cockaded Woodpecker Cavities SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Big Thicket Science Conference on Biodiversity and Ecology of the West Gulf Coastal Plain Landscape CY MAR 22-25, 2007 CL Beaumont, TX ID RAT SNAKES; EASTERN TEXAS; SUCCESS; TREES AB Elaphe spp (ratsnakes) are frequent predators on cavity-nesting birds and other vertebrates, including Glaucomys volans (Southern Flying Squirrels). They are known predators of Picoides borealis (Red-cockaded Woodpeckers), especially during the nestling phase. Picoides borealis cavities are frequently occupied by Southern Flying Squirrels, often several squirrels per cavity Behavioral aspects of ratsnake predation on flying squirrels in woodpecker cavities is an important component required for a full understanding of the potentially complex interaction between Red-cockaded Woodpeckers, Southern Flying Squirrels, and ratsnakes We induced previously captured Elaphe obsoleta (Texas Ratsnake) to climb boles of pine trees and gain access to Red-cockaded Woodpecker cavities known to contain Southern Flying Squirrels, and observed the resulting predatory interactions Eight of nine ratsnakes successfully captured 14 of 22 Southern Flying Squirrels present in the cavities. C1 [Rudolph, D. Craig; Schaefer, Richard R.; Pierce, Josh B.; Saenz, Dan; Conner, Richard N.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Coll Forestry, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, USDA Forest Serv,So Res Stn, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. RP Rudolph, DC (reprint author), Stephen F Austin State Univ, Coll Forestry, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, USDA Forest Serv,So Res Stn, 506 Hayter St, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. EM thor-crudolph01@fs.fed.us NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 SI 2 BP 41 EP 46 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 585GO UT WOS:000276813000003 ER PT J AU Schaefer, RR Fleet, RR Rudolph, DC Koerth, NE AF Schaefer, Richard R. Fleet, Robert R. Rudolph, D. Craig Koerth, Nancy E. TI Habitat Selection by Anolis carolinensis (Green Anole) in Open Pine Forests in Eastern Texas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th Big Thicket Science Conference on Biodiversity and Ecology of the West Gulf Coastal Plain Landscape CY MAR 22-25, 2007 CL Beaumont, TX ID DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; FLORIDA; SHIFT AB We initiated a mark-recapture study to determine the effects of shrub density on Anolis carolinensis (Green Anole) populations. Green Anole perch site, shrub species, and shrub volume preferences were also examined. We established two study plots of different shrub densities in open pine forests on the Angelina National Forest in eastern Texas In late spring, the Green Anole population at the higher shrub-density plot was estimated to be 16 times greater than the population at the lower shrub-density plot. Green Anoles most commonly perched on live shrubs, but exhibited very little preference or avoidance of any particular species of live shrub or shrub-level vine However, shrubs used by Green Anoles were 4-6 times greater in volume than plot averages. C1 [Schaefer, Richard R.; Rudolph, D. Craig; Koerth, Nancy E.] US Forest Serv, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, So Res Stn, USDA, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. [Fleet, Robert R.] Stephen F Austin State Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Nacogdoches, TX 75962 USA. RP Schaefer, RR (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Wildlife Habitat & Silviculture Lab, So Res Stn, USDA, 506 Hayter St, Nacogdoches, TX 75965 USA. EM rschaefer01@fs.fed.us NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 SI 2 BP 63 EP 76 DI 10.1656/058.008.s210 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 585GO UT WOS:000276813000005 ER PT J AU Champlin, TB Kilgo, JC Gumpertz, ML Moorman, CE AF Champlin, Tracey B. Kilgo, John C. Gumpertz, Marcia L. Moorman, Christopher E. TI Avian Response to Microclimate in Canopy Gaps in a Bottomland Hardwood Forest SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID HABITAT USE; MOUNTAIN CHICKADEES; UNDERSTORY BIRDS; SITE SELECTION; CLEAR-CUT; SIZE; ABUNDANCE; GRADIENTS; ECOSYSTEM; PLANTS AB Microclimate may influence use of early successional habitat by birds. We assessed the relationships between avian habitat use and microclimate (temperature, light intensity, and relative humidity) in experimentally created canopy gaps in a bottomland hardwood forest on the Savannah River Site, SC. Gaps were 2- to 3-year-old group-selection timber harvest openings of three sizes (0.13, 0.26, 0.50 ha). Our study was conducted from spring through fall, encompassing four bird-use periods (spring migration, breeding, post-breeding, and fall migration), in 2002 and 2003. We used mist netting and simultaneously recorded microclimate variables to determine the influence of microclimate on bird habitat use. Microclimate was strongly affected by net location within canopy gaps in both years. Temperature generally was higher on the west side of gaps, light intensity was greater in gap centers, and relative humidity was higher on the east side of gaps. However, we found few relationships between bird captures and the microclimate variables. Bird captures were inversely correlated with temperature during the breeding and post-breeding periods in 2002 and positively correlated with temperature during spring 2003. Captures were high where humidity was high during post-breeding 2002, and captures were low where humidity was high during spring 2003. We conclude that variations in the local microclimate had minor influence on avian habitat use within gaps. Instead, habitat selection in relatively mild regions like the southeastern US is based primarily on vegetation structure, while other factors, including microclimate, are less important. C1 [Kilgo, John C.] USDA Forest Serv So Res Stn, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. [Champlin, Tracey B.; Moorman, Christopher E.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gumpertz, Marcia L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Kilgo, JC (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv So Res Stn, POB 700, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. EM jkilgo@fs.fed.us FU USDA [DE-AI09-OOSP,22188] FX The US Department of Energy provided funding for this study through the USDA Forest Service-Savannah River and the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station under Interagency Agreement (DE-AI09-OOSP,22188). Thanks also to the USDA Forest Serv ice- Savannah River for logistical support, particularly J. Blake, K. Wright, and E. Olson. North Carolina State University provided logistical and financial assistance. We thank D. Jones, S. Junker, F. Spilker, and M. Olsen for help with fieldwork, S. Donaghy and K. Gross for statistical assistance, and C. Sorenson for reviewing the manuscript. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 IS 1 BP 107 EP 120 DI 10.1656/058.008.0110 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 439VN UT WOS:000265655600010 ER PT J AU Parker, WT Gerhardt, RR Muller, LI Caldwell, ND Castleberry, SB Ford, WM AF Parker, William T. Gerhardt, Reid R. Muller, Lisa I. Caldwell, Nathan D. Castleberry, Steven B. Ford, W. Mark TI External Parasites of Neotoma magister Baird (Allegheny Woodrat) in the Cumberland Mountains and Plateau, Tennessee SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID FLEAS SIPHONAPTERA; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; ORDER SIPHONAPTERA; HOST PREFERENCES; ECTOPARASITES; MISSISSIPPI; ARTHROPODS; FLORIDANA AB We examined external parasites of Neotoma magister (Allegheny Woodrat) from the Royal Blue Wildlife Management Area in the Cumberland Mountains and Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area on the Cumberland Plateau of Tennessee from November 2003 to August 2005. Typically associated with rocky habitats such as clifflines and cave entrances, the Allegheny Woodrat is considered a species of concern in Tennessee. We found external parasites on 26 out of 40 Allegheny Woodrats (prevalence = 65%), including 2 Epitedia cavernicola Traub (woodrat fleas-from 2 separate woodrats; prevalence = 5%), 63 Orchopeas pennsylvanicus Baker (woodrat fleas-collected on all 26; prevalence = 65%, intensity - 2.4/woodrat), and 5 Ixodes woodi Bishopp (Woodrat Ticks-collected from I woodrat; prevalence = 2.5%). Our collection represents a state record for Woodrat Ticks in Tennessee. The external parasites collected from Allegheny Woodrats in east Tennessee were considered woodrat-specific parasites and exhibited low species diversity. C1 [Parker, William T.; Muller, Lisa I.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Castleberry, Steven B.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] US Dept Agr Forest Serv No Res Stn, Parsons, WV USA. [Gerhardt, Reid R.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Entomol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Caldwell, Nathan D.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Entomol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Muller, LI (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM lmuller@utk.edu OI Muller, Lisa/0000-0001-7833-2273 NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 IS 1 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1656/058.008.0115 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 439VN UT WOS:000265655600015 ER PT J AU Bragg, DC Heitzman, E AF Bragg, Don C. Heitzman, Eric TI Composition, Structure, and Dynamics of a Mature, Unmanaged, Pine-dominated Old-field Stand in Southeastern Arkansas SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; GULF COASTAL-PLAIN; HARDWOOD FOREST; OAK FOREST; SOUTHERN ARKANSAS; NATIONAL-FOREST; UNITED-STATES; VEGETATION; TEXAS; MISSISSIPPI AB This study describes the composition and structure of a mature, second-growth Pinus taeda (Loblolly Pine) and Pinus echinata (Shortleaf Pine)-dominated old-field stand. Now owned by the University of Arkansas, this 22.5-ha parcel just outside of the city or Monticello, AR, has been protected as a de facto natural area since the 1950s. Many of the overstory pines exceeded 75 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH) and some have reached 100 cm. Increment cores indicated that most of the pine overstory originated between 80 and 100 years ago, probably following agricultural abandonment. Pine recruitment occurred somewhat gradually until the canopy closed, after which tree species establishment became dominated by hardwoods. Of the nearly 6000 tree seedlings/saplings per hectare in the interior of this stand, just under 4% were pine-the under- and midstory were dominated by shade-tolerant hardwoods. No obvious evidence of past land-management practices remained, save the rare old stump or formerly open-grown pine or oak. Coarse woody debris is beginning to accumulate in some portions of the stand, primarily from the senescence of short-lived hardwoods. Comparisons with other tracts in southern Arkansas suggest that this stand differs from other contemporary examples of mature pine-dominated timber, with a richness in composition and structure not apparent in managed stands of natural or planted origin. C1 [Bragg, Don C.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. [Heitzman, Eric] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Bragg, DC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, POB 3516 UAM, Monticello, AR 71656 USA. EM dbragg@fs.fed.us NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 9 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 IS 3 BP 445 EP 470 DI 10.1656/058.008.0307 PG 26 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 500XZ UT WOS:000270341300007 ER PT J AU Vukovich, M Kilgo, JC AF Vukovich, Mark Kilgo, John C. TI Notes on Breeding Sharp-shinned Hawks and Cooper's Hawks in Barnwell County, South Carolina SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID COEXISTING ACCIPITER; NESTING HABITAT; OREGON; FOOD AB Breeding records of Accipiter striatus (Sharp-shinned Hawks) in the southeastern US are scattered and isolated. We documented a Sharp-shinned Hawk and Accipiter cooperii (Cooper's Hawk) nest while conducting a telemetry study on Melanerpes erythrocephalus (Red-headed Woodpeckers) in Barnwell County, SC in 2006 and 2007. We report the first known nest of a Sharp-shinned Hawk in Barnwell County, SC and the first report of Sharp-shinned Hawks preying upon Red-headed Woodpeckers. Thirteen of 93 (13.9%) woodpeckers were killed by accipiters in the summers of 2006 and 2007. Large, contiguous forests managed for Picoides borealis (Red-cockaded Woodpeckers) may be used by breeding Sharp-shinned Hawks. The bright plumage, loud calls, and behavior of Red-headed Woodpeckers, particularly during the nestling stage, may make them conspicuous prey for accipiters. C1 [Vukovich, Mark; Kilgo, John C.] US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. RP Vukovich, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, USDA, New Ellenton, SC 29809 USA. EM mvukovich@fs.fed.us FU US Department of Energy [DE-AI09-00SR22188] FX We thank K. Legleu, K. Nayda, and K. Frier for outstanding work in the field and J. Blake for logistical support. Funding for Red-headed Woodpecker research was provided by the US Department of Energy - Savannah River Operations Office through the USDA Forest Service Savannah River under Interagency Agreement No. DE-AI09-00SR22188, and by the USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 IS 3 BP 547 EP 552 DI 10.1656/058.008.0315 PG 6 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 500XZ UT WOS:000270341300015 ER PT J AU Felix, Z Gatens, LJ Wang, Y Schweitzer, CJ AF Felix, Zachary Gatens, Lisa J. Wang, Yong Schweitzer, Callie J. TI First Records of the Smoky Shrew (Sorex fumeus) in Alabama SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST LA English DT Article AB Conserving biodiversity in the southeastern United States begins with documenting the distribution and natural history of all taxa. Using pitfall traps between March 2005 and January 2006, we collected the first Sorex fumeus (Smoky Shrew) specimens (44) from Alabama on the Cumberland Plateau in the northeastern portion of the state. Body size of specimens was generally smaller than reported for other populations. We recommend additional surveys throughout the Cumberland Plateau region in Alabama to better document this species' range in the state. C1 [Felix, Zachary; Wang, Yong] Alabama A&M Univ, Ctr Forestry Ecol & Wildlife, Normal, AL 35762 USA. [Gatens, Lisa J.] N Carolina Museum Nat Sci, Raleigh, NC 27601 USA. [Schweitzer, Callie J.] Alabama A&M Univ, USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn, Normal, AL 35762 USA. RP Felix, Z (reprint author), Reinhardt Coll, Dept Biol, Waleska, GA 30183 USA. EM zif@reinhardt.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST PI STEUBEN PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA SN 1528-7092 EI 1938-5412 J9 SOUTHEAST NAT JI Southeast. Nat. PY 2009 VL 8 IS 4 BP 750 EP 753 DI 10.1656/058.008.0417 PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 540VB UT WOS:000273367000017 ER PT B AU Dunham, JB Rosenberger, AE Thurow, RF Dolloff, CA Howell, PJ AF Dunham, Jason B. Rosenberger, Amanda E. Thurow, Russell F. Dolloff, C. Andrew Howell, Philip J. BE Bonar, SA Hubert, WA Willis, DW TI Coldwater Fish in Wadeable Streams SO STANDARD METHODS FOR SAMPLING NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER FISHES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; RAINBOW-TROUT; BROWN TROUT; REDD COUNTS; BULL TROUT; DWELLING SALMONIDS; MARK-RECAPTURE; HABITAT USE; ABUNDANCE; ONCORHYNCHUS C1 [Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis Res Grp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Dolloff, C. Andrew] Virginia Tech, USDA, US Forest Serv, So Res Stn,Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Howell, Philip J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, La Grande, OR 97850 USA. [Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Thurow, Russell F.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Dunham, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Corvallis Res Grp, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RI Willis, David/D-3400-2009 NR 57 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA BN 978-1-934874-10-3 PY 2009 BP 119 EP 138 PG 20 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA BKR87 UT WOS:000269040200008 ER PT J AU Willett, JL AF Willett, J. L. BE BeMiller, J Whistler, R TI Starch in Polymer Compositions SO STARCH: CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY, 3RD EDITION SE Food Science and Technology-International Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID STYRENE-BUTADIENE RUBBERS; ANIONIC GRAFT POLYMERIZATION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; THERMOPLASTIC STARCH; POLY(ETHYLENE-CO-ACRYLIC ACID); STARCH-G-POLY(METHYL ACRYLATE); BIODEGRADABLE BLENDS; METHYL ACRYLATE; PROCESSING CONDITIONS; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES C1 ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. RP Willett, JL (reprint author), ARS, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. NR 232 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-092655-1 J9 FOOD SCI TECHNOL-INT PY 2009 BP 715 EP 743 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-746275-2.00019-7 PG 29 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BCO91 UT WOS:000310922700020 ER PT B AU Watson, A Ostergren, D Fix, P Overbaugh, B McCollum, D Kruger, L Madsen, M He, Y AF Watson, Alan Ostergren, Dave Fix, Peter Overbaugh, Bill McCollum, Dan Kruger, Linda Madsen, Martha He Yang BE Xiaowen, J Erming, X Schneider, I TI Protecting Ecotourism Resources in a Time of Rapid Economic and Environmental Transformation in Asia SO STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ENGINEERING: ENTERPRISE, ENVIRONMENT AND CRISIS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Strategic Management CY JUN 25-30, 2009 CL Chengdu, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Russian Economy; Ecotourism; Travel; Discretionary Income; Protected Areas ID TRANSITION AB In the Far East of Russia, similar to many places in Asia, ecotourism and the environment are in transition. A science team, cooperating with the United Nations Development Programme project "Demonstrating Sustainable Conservation of Biological Diversity in Four Protected Territories in the Kamchatka Region, Russian Federation," is working to provide vital information to help guide regional Sustainable development planning in a time of rapid change in globalization and visitation pressures. An emerging part of Russian society has been the managers in Russian industry that receive high wages and demonstrate increased interest in travel and tourism within Russia and across Europe. Consumers have been reporting very low debt and new growth in the economy has been anticipated. Russians have very unique but evolving leisure patterns, with a long tradition of nature-based activities near home, including hiking, cross-country skiing, viewing nature, and relaxing at spas or dachas. The Kamchatka Peninsula is emerging as a nature-based vacation destination with federal and regional protected areas in the region attracting and hosting a growing number of Russian and international tourists. A cooperative study was initiated in 2007 to better understand the visitation and economics aspects of sustainable tourism development in Kamchatka over a one-year period. A survey of 1, 961 tourist visitors to Kamchatka revealed nearly two-thirds of Kamchatka visitors were from Russia, followed by Germany, the U. S., and France. In economic contribution terms, however, while in the minority among visitors, Non-Russian visitors reported over $ 4, 000 per trip in expenditures, excluding air or cruise ship fare to get to Kamchatka. Russian visitors, by far the majority, reported a much lower average of about $ 1, 500 per trip. Similar to recent changes in China and elsewhere in Asia, Russia is expecting continued economic gains with a potential significant rise in consumption and personal income. Current and anticipated spending patterns of discretionary income among Russians could greatly influence transition of this relatively low density frontier in Asian Russia. C1 [Watson, Alan] US Forest Serv, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU SICHUAN UNIV PRESS PI CHENGDU PA 29 WANGJIANGLU, JIUYANQIAO, CHENGDU, PEOPLES R CHINA BN 978-7-5614-4376-7 PY 2009 BP 185 EP 201 PG 17 WC Business; Business, Finance; Economics; Management SC Business & Economics GA BKP51 UT WOS:000268879300025 ER PT J AU Schoch, CL Crous, PW Groenewald, JZ Boehm, EWA Burgess, TI de Gruyter, J de Hoog, GS Dixon, LJ Grube, M Gueidan, C Harada, Y Hatakeyama, S Hirayama, K Hosoya, T Huhndorf, SM Hyde, KD Jones, EBG Kohlmeyer, J Kruys, A Li, YM Lucking, R Lumbsch, HT Marvanova, L Mbatchou, JS Mcvay, AH Miller, AN Mugambi, GK Muggia, L Nelsen, MP Nelson, P Owensby, CA Phillips, AJL Phongpaichit, S Pointing, SB Pujade-Renaud, V Raja, HA Plata, ER Robbertse, B Ruibal, C Sakayaroj, J Sano, T Selbmann, L Shearer, CA Shirouzu, T Slippers, B Suetrong, S Tanaka, K Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B Wingfield, MJ Wood, AR Woudenberg, JHC Yonezawa, H Zhang, Y Spatafora, JW AF Schoch, C. L. Crous, P. W. Groenewald, J. Z. Boehm, E. W. A. Burgess, T. I. de Gruyter, J. de Hoog, G. S. Dixon, L. J. Grube, M. Gueidan, C. Harada, Y. Hatakeyama, S. Hirayama, K. Hosoya, T. Huhndorf, S. M. Hyde, K. D. Jones, E. B. G. Kohlmeyer, J. Kruys, A. Li, Y. M. Lucking, R. Lumbsch, H. T. Marvanova, L. Mbatchou, J. S. McVay, A. H. Miller, A. N. Mugambi, G. K. Muggia, L. Nelsen, M. P. Nelson, P. Owensby, C. A. Phillips, A. J. L. Phongpaichit, S. Pointing, S. B. Pujade-Renaud, V. Raja, H. A. Plata, E. Rivas Robbertse, B. Ruibal, C. Sakayaroj, J. Sano, T. Selbmann, L. Shearer, C. A. Shirouzu, T. Slippers, B. Suetrong, S. Tanaka, K. Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B. Wingfield, M. J. Wood, A. R. Woudenberg, J. H. C. Yonezawa, H. Zhang, Y. Spatafora, J. W. TI A class-wide phylogenetic assessment of Dothideomycetes SO STUDIES IN MYCOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Dothideomyceta; fungal evolution; lichens; multigene phylogeny; phylogenomics; plant pathogens; saprobes; Tree of Life ID RIBOSOMAL DNA-SEQUENCES; MULTIGENE PHYLOGENIES; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; MULTIPLE ALIGNMENT; MARINE ASCOMYCOTA; RDNA SEQUENCES; FUNGI; EVOLUTION; CLASSIFICATION AB We present a comprehensive phylogeny derived from 5 genes, nucSSU, nucLSU rDNA, TEF1, RPB1 and RPB2, for 356 isolates and 41 families (six newly described in this volume) in Dothideomycetes. All currently accepted orders in the class are represented for the first time in addition to numerous previously unplaced lineages. Subclass Pleosporomycelidae is expanded to include the aquatic order Jahnulales. An ancestral reconstruction of basic nutritional modes supports numerous transitions from saprobic life histories to plant associated and lichenised modes and a transition from terrestrial to aquatic habitats are confirmed. Finally, a genomic comparison of 6 dothideomycete genomes with other fungi finds a high level of unique protein associated with the class, supporting its delineation as a separate taxon. C1 [Schoch, C. L.; Robbertse, B.] NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Crous, P. W.; Groenewald, J. Z.; de Gruyter, J.; de Hoog, G. S.; Gueidan, C.; Woudenberg, J. H. C.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, NL-3508 AD Utrecht, Netherlands. [Boehm, E. W. A.] Kean Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Union, NJ 07083 USA. [Burgess, T. I.] Murdoch Univ, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [de Gruyter, J.] Plant Protect Serv, NL-6700 HC Wageningen, Netherlands. [Dixon, L. J.] USDA ARS, Systemat Mycol & Microbiol Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Grube, M.; Muggia, L.] Karl Franzens Univ Graz, Inst Plant Sci, Graz, Austria. [Harada, Y.; Hatakeyama, S.; Hirayama, K.; Sano, T.; Tanaka, K.; Yonezawa, H.] Hirosaki Univ, Fac Agr & Life Sci, Aomori 0368561, Japan. [Hosoya, T.] Natl Museum Nat & Sci, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050005, Japan. [Huhndorf, S. M.; Lucking, R.; Lumbsch, H. T.; Mbatchou, J. S.; Mugambi, G. K.; Nelsen, M. P.; Plata, E. Rivas] Field Museum, Dept Bot, Chicago, IL 60605 USA. [Hyde, K. D.] Mae Fah Luang Univ, Sch Sci 17, Muang 57100, Chiang Rai, Thailand. [Jones, E. B. G.; Sakayaroj, J.; Suetrong, S.] Natl Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol BIOTEC, Bioresources Technol Unit, Khlong Luang 12120, Pathum Thani, Thailand. [Kohlmeyer, J.; Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, B.] Univ N Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Marine Sci, Morehead City, NC 28557 USA. [Kruys, A.] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, Dept Systemat Biol, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden. [Marvanova, L.] Masaryk Univ, Fac Sci, Inst Expt Biol, CZ-60200 Brno, Czech Republic. [Mbatchou, J. S.] Depaul Univ, Coll Liberal Arts & Sci, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [McVay, A. H.; Owensby, C. A.; Spatafora, J. W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Miller, A. N.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Mugambi, G. K.] Natl Museums Kenya, Dept Bot, Nairobi 00100, Kenya. [Nelsen, M. P.] Univ Chicago, Comm Evolutionary Biol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Nelson, P.] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Phillips, A. J. L.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Ciencias Vida, Ctr Recursos Microbiol, P-2829516 Quinta Da Torre, Caparica, Portugal. [Phongpaichit, S.; Suetrong, S.] Prince Songkia Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Microbiol, Hat Yai 90112, Songkhla, Thailand. [Pointing, S. B.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Hong Kong, Sch Biol Sci, Div Microbiol, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. [Pujade-Renaud, V.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CIRAD PIAF, F-63177 Aubiere, France. [Raja, H. A.; Shearer, C. A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Mugambi, G. K.; Plata, E. Rivas] Univ Illinois, Dept Biol Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Ruibal, C.] Univ Politecn Madrid, Escuela Tecn Super Ingenieros Ind, Dept Ingn & Ciencia Mat, E-28006 Madrid, Spain. [Selbmann, L.] Largo Univ, Univ Tuscia, DECOS, Viterbo, Italy. [Shirouzu, T.] Tottori Univ, Fungus Mushroom Resource & Res Ctr, Tottori 6808553, Japan. [Slippers, B.; Wingfield, M. J.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, Dept Genet, Ctr Excellence Tree Hlth Biotechnol,FABI, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Wood, A. R.] ARC Plant Protect Res Inst, ZA-7599 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Hyde, K. D.; Li, Y. M.] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Resource Insects, Int Fungal Res Dev Ctr, Kunming, Yunnan, Peoples R China. RP Schoch, CL (reprint author), NIH, Natl Ctr Biotechnol Informat, Natl Lib Med, 45 Ctr Dr,MSC 6510, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM schoch2@ncbi.nlm.nih.gov RI REQUIMTE, MM/M-6160-2013; REQUIMTE, UCIBIO/N-9846-2013; Gueidan, Cecile/C-8803-2014; Woudenberg, Joyce H.C./C-9384-2013; Tanaka, Kazuaki/F-1924-2013; Burgess, Treena/G-4770-2011; Phillips, Alan/C-6102-2011; Slippers, Bernard/A-9351-2008; Groenewald, Johannes/F-4667-2011; Sakayaroj, Jariya/D-1845-2012; Crous, Pedro/H-1489-2012; Schoch, Conrad/J-4825-2012; Lumbsch, Thorsten/K-3573-2012; Wingfield, Michael/A-9473-2008; Jones, Gareth/C-5137-2013; Selbmann, Laura/L-3056-2013 OI Raja, Huzefa/0000-0002-0824-9463; Ruibal Villasenor, Constantino/0000-0003-3494-7051; Woudenberg, Joyce H.C./0000-0002-7337-6864; Burgess, Treena/0000-0002-7962-219X; Phillips, Alan/0000-0001-6367-9784; Slippers, Bernard/0000-0003-1491-3858; Crous, Pedro/0000-0001-9085-8825; Lumbsch, Thorsten/0000-0003-1512-835X; FU NIH; National Library of Medicine; NSF [DEB-0717476, DEB-0732993] FX Authors from individual papers in this volume contributed to this work and specific acknowledgements to that regard can be found in individual papers. Work performed for this paper by the first author after 2008 was supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Library of Medicine. Part of this work was also funded by grants from NSF (DEB-0717476) to J. W. Spatafora (and C.L. Schoch until 2008) and (DEB-0732993) to J.W. Spatafora and B. Robbertse. NR 107 TC 212 Z9 214 U1 9 U2 59 PU CENTRAALBUREAU SCHIMMELCULTURE PI UTRECHT PA PO BOX 85167, 3508 AD UTRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0616 J9 STUD MYCOL JI Stud. Mycol. PY 2009 IS 64 BP 1 EP 15 DI 10.3114/sim.2009.64.01 PG 15 WC Mycology SC Mycology GA 553KQ UT WOS:000274365900002 ER PT J AU Virla, EG Albarracin, EL Triapitsyn, SV Viggiani, G Logarzo, GA AF Virla, Eduardo G. Luft Albarracin, Erica Triapitsyn, Serguei V. Viggiani, Gennaro Logarzo, Guillermo A. TI Description and biological traits of a new species of Paracentrobia (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid of the sharpshooter Tapajosa rubromarginata (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in Argentina SO STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Argentina; biocontrol agent; Cicadellinae; life cycle; Paracentrobia; Proconiini AB During a survey of egg parasitoids of sharpshooters (Cicadellidae: Cicadellini and Proconiini), an undescribed species of Paracentrobia Howard was detected. It is here described and illustrated, and laboratory data on its life cycle are reported. Paracentrobia tapajosae sp. n. is a primary parasitoid of Agalliana ensigera Oman and Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret). Sixty-seven percent of the exposed host eggs were parasitized by P. tapajosae sp. n., and eggs with well-developed sharpshooter embryos were successfully attacked. The developmental cycle from egg to adult was 21.32.3 days. Adult longevity was 6.84.5 days, with females living longer than males. The sex ratio, considering only mated females, was 1:2.2 (males/females). Under laboratory conditions, P. tapajosae is a facultatively gregarious parasitoid. Laboratory data suggest a likely potential of this species as a biological control agent. C1 [Virla, Eduardo G.; Luft Albarracin, Erica] CONICET PROIMI, Div Biol Control, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. [Triapitsyn, Serguei V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Entomol Res Museum, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Viggiani, Gennaro] Univ Naples Federico 2, Dipartimento Entomol & Zool Agr Filippo Silvestri, Naples, Italy. [Logarzo, Guillermo A.] USDA ARS, S Amer Biol Control Lab, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Virla, EG (reprint author), CONICET PROIMI, Div Biol Control, San Miguel De Tucuman, Argentina. EM evirla@hotmail.com OI Virla, Eduardo Gabriel/0000-0002-9512-4254 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0521 J9 STUD NEOTROP FAUNA E JI Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. PY 2009 VL 44 IS 1 BP 47 EP 53 AR PII 910440700 DI 10.1080/01650520902826831 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 434WM UT WOS:000265304800007 ER PT J AU Smith-Pardo, A Gonzalez, VH AF Smith-Pardo, Allan Gonzalez, Victor H. TI A revision of Neocorynura bees of the joannisi group with new geographical records for other Andean species (Hymenoptera: Halictidae, Augochlorini) SO STUDIES ON NEOTROPICAL FAUNA AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Andinaugochlora; Apoidea; Neocorynurella; South America; taxonomy ID AMERICA HYMENOPTERA; GENUS; BIOLOGY AB The joannisi and seeleyi groups of Neocorynura are rarely collected bees found at high altitudes (>= 2000 m) in the Andes from Venezuela to Peru. We review the species of the joannisi group and provide new geographical records and taxonomic comments for the species of the seeleyi group. We recognized a total of nine species in the joannisi group; in addition to N. joannisi (Vachal) and N. micheneri (Eickwort), the following seven new species are described and illustrated: N. aymara sp. nov., N. carolinae sp. nov., N. caucana sp. nov., N. puruhana sp. nov., N. tungurahuana sp. nov., N. toromaima sp. nov., and N. wanuca sp. nov. We also provide an identification key to all of the species. C1 [Gonzalez, Victor H.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Smith-Pardo, Allan] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Ciencias Agron, Medellin, Colombia. RP Gonzalez, VH (reprint author), Utah State Univ, USDA ARS, Bee Biol & Systemat Lab, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM victorgonzab@gmail.com RI Gonzalez Betancourt, Victor /B-9528-2011; Gonzalez, Victor/B-4072-2015 NR 21 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0521 EI 1744-5140 J9 STUD NEOTROP FAUNA E JI Stud. Neotrop. Fauna Environ. PY 2009 VL 44 IS 2 BP 115 EP 129 DI 10.1080/01650520903101085 PG 15 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 489VT UT WOS:000269453200007 ER PT B AU Phillips, RL AF Phillips, Rebecca L. BE Lichtfouse, E Navarrete, M Debaeke, P Souchere, V Alberola, C TI Denitrification at Sub-Zero Temperatures in Arable Soils: A Review SO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Fertilizer; Nitrogen; Nitrous oxide; Sub-zero temperatures ID NITROUS-OXIDE EMISSIONS; FREEZE-THAW CYCLES; MANURE-AMENDED SOIL; FILLED PORE-SPACE; AGRICULTURAL SOILS; ORGANIC-MATTER; N2O EMISSIONS; LAND-USE; N-FERTILIZATION; TAIGA SOILS AB Nitrogen (N) in agricultural fertilizers is denitrified by soil bacteria when oxygen is limited, which effectively removes plant-available N from the soil to the atmosphere. Reported denitrification rates range from 0 to 239 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), and, depending upon environmental conditions and management, may reduce the amount of N available for crop growth by 27%. Denitrification in soils also results in emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O), which is a recognized pollutant that contributes to stratospheric ozone destruction and radiative forcing in the troposphere. Practitioners of sustainable agronomy aim to improve plant N-use efficiency and reduce emissions of the greenhouse gases by synchronizing N application and plant nutritional requirements. However, it is difficult to predict denitrification rates during and after the growing season based on current knowledge. High rates are consistently reported in irrigated cropping systems following heavy applications of fertilizer-N, but few studies report denitrification during the dormant season. Denitrification in winter may represent a significant sink for fertilizer-N in cropping systems, but further research at sub-zero soil temperatures is needed. Here, the three factors required for microbial denitrification: limited O-2 availability, electron donors and electron acceptors, are reviewed based on soil research performed both above and below 0 degrees C. Gaps in the knowledge of denitrification rates in cropping systems, particularly when soils are frozen, are identified. Sustainable management of N in cropping systems such as greater N-use efficiency and lower greenhouse gas emissions could be advanced by greater understanding of denitrification in winter. C1 ARS, USDA, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. RP Phillips, RL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Box 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA. EM Rebecca.phillips@ars.usda.gov OI Phillips, Rebecca/0000-0003-3881-9065 NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-90-481-2665-1 PY 2009 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_5 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BMN57 UT WOS:000272973100005 ER PT B AU Anderson, RL AF Anderson, Randy L. BE Lichtfouse, E Navarrete, M Debaeke, P Souchere, V Alberola, C TI Managing Weeds with a Dualistic Approach of Prevention and Control: A Review SO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Crop diversity; No-till; Rotation design; United States ID CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; CORN ZEA-MAYS; SEEDLING EMERGENCE; CROPPING SYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT; HERBICIDE; DYNAMICS; SOIL; STRATEGIES; ROTATIONS AB Scientists have theorized that weed management would be more efficient if prevention tactics were integrated with control tactics. The goals of prevention are to reduce weed community density and improve crop tolerance to weeds. Here we describe the impact of this approach in the semiarid steppe of the United States. As a result, producers have reduced herbicide inputs and costs by 50% compared to conventional practices. Critical factors for Success with this approach are rotation design and no-till practices. Rotations comprised of two cool-season crops followed by two warm-season crops are the most disruptive of weed population growth. The impact of rotation design on weed community density is enhanced by no-till. Crop tolerance to weeds is improved by systems of cultural tactics. The tolerance is greatest when three tactics are combined together. This dualistic approach of prevention and control effectively controls weeds with four-crop rotations such that herbicides are not needed in some crops of the rotation. Weed density is so low that crop yield is not affected by weed interference. With this approach, herbicides are a choice rather than a requirement for cropping success in the semiarid steppe of the United States. C1 [Anderson, Randy L.] USDA, Brookings, SD USA. RP Anderson, RL (reprint author), USDA, 2923 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD USA. EM randerson@ngirl.ars.usda.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-90-481-2665-1 PY 2009 BP 391 EP 398 DI 10.1051/agro:2006027 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BMN57 UT WOS:000272973100025 ER PT B AU Sigua, GC AF Sigua, Gilbert C. BE Lichtfouse, E Navarrete, M Debaeke, P Souchere, V Alberola, C TI Recycling Biosolids and Lake-Dredged Materials to Pasture-based Animal Agriculture: Alternative Nutrient Sources for Forage Productivity and Sustainability: A Review SO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Agriculture; Bahiagrass; Beef cattle; Biosolids; Carry-over effect; Domestic wastewater; Dredging; Ecological implication; Environment; Forage productivity; Forage-based pasture; Sewage sludge; Subtropical pastures ID SEWAGE-SLUDGE APPLICATIONS; SOIL QUALITY; HEAVY-METALS; NITROGEN; ENVIRONMENT; FLORIDA; PANASOFFKEE; EFFICACY; LAND AB Domestic sewage sludge or biosolids and lake-dredged materials are examples of materials that can be used to cut fertilizer costs in pasture-based animal agriculture. Sustainable biosolids and lake-dredged materials management is based upon controlling and influencing the quantity, quality and characteristics of these materials in such a way that negative impacts to the environment are avoided and beneficial uses are optimized. This article examines the following two key questions. Is the use of these materials in an agricultural setting harmless and sensible? Is the use of biosolids secure in all climates, in all soils and is it sustainable over the long term? Recycling biosolids and lake-dredged materials to pasture-based animal production is quite productive as alternative nutrient sources for forage production. Perennial grass can be a good choice for repeated applications g of biosolids and lake-dredged materials. Although biosolids and lake-dredged materials supply some essential plant nutrients and provide soil property-enhancing organic matter, land-application programs still generate some concerns because of possible health and environmental risks involved. Repeated applications of biosolids and lake-dredged materials indicate no harmful effects on soil quality and forage quality. Beneficial uses of biosolids and lake-dredged materials are both economical and environmental. The concentrations of soil nitrogen and phosphorus following repeated application of biosolids were far below the contamination risk in the environment. The residual effect of biosolids over the long term can be especially significant in many forage-based pastures where only 50% of the million hectares of pastures are given inorganic nitrogen yearly. Long-term studies have demonstrated the favorable and beneficial effects of added lake-dredged materials on the early establishment of bahiagrass in sandy pasture fields. Often these materials can be obtained at little or no cost to the farmers or landowners. Lake-dredged materials can be used as soil amendments (lime and fertilizer) for early establishment of bahiagrass in beef cattle pastures. Bahiagrass in plots that were treated with biosolids and lake-dredge materials had significantly higher forage yield and crude protein content when compared with those bahiagrass in the control plots or untreated plants. C1 ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, USDA, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. RP Sigua, GC (reprint author), ARS, Subtrop Agr Res Stn, USDA, Brooksville, FL 34601 USA. EM gilbert.sigua@ars.usda.gov NR 64 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-90-481-2665-1 PY 2009 BP 495 EP 517 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_31 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8 PG 23 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BMN57 UT WOS:000272973100031 ER PT B AU Zuazo, VHD Pleguezuelo, CRR AF Duran Zuazo, Victor Hugo Rodriguez Pleguezuelo, Carmen Rocio BE Lichtfouse, E Navarrete, M Debaeke, P Souchere, V Alberola, C TI Soil-Erosion and Runoff Prevention by Plant Covers: A Review SO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE Biomass; C; Climate; Global warming; Soil degradation; Soil erosion; Soil productivity; Sustainability ID CONCENTRATED FLOW EROSION; REDUCING WATER EROSION; DIFFERENT LAND-USE; AGGREGATE STABILITY; SEMIARID ENVIRONMENT; RAINFALL SIMULATION; INTERRILL EROSION; SEDIMENT YIELD; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MEDITERRANEAN CONDITIONS AB Soil erosion is a critical environmental problem throughout the world's terrestrial ecosystems. Erosion inflicts multiple, serious damages in managed ecosystems such as crops, pastures, or forests as well as in natural ecosystems. In particular, erosion reduces the water-holding capacity because of rapid water runoff, and reduces soil organic matter. As a result, nutrients and valuable soil biota are transported. At the same time, species diversity of plants, animals, and microbes is significantly reduced. One of the most effective measures for erosion control and regeneration the degraded former soil is the establishment of plant covers. Indeed, achieving future of safe environment depends on conserving soil, water, energy, and biological resources. Soil erosion can be controlled through a process of assessment at regional scales for the development and restoration of the plant cover, and the introduction of conservation measures in the areas at greatest risk. Thus, conservation of these vital resources needs to receive high priority to ensure the effective protection of managed and natural ecosystems. This review article highlights three majors topics: (1) the impact of erosion of soil productivity with particular focus on climate and soil erosion; soil sead and crust development; and C losses from soils; (2) land use and soil erosion with particular focus on soil loss in agricultural lands; shrub and forest lands; and the impact of erosion in the Mediterranean terraced lands; and (3) the impact of plant covers on soil erosion with particular focus on Mediterranean factors affecting vegetation; plant roots and erosion control; and plant cover and biodiversity. C1 [Duran Zuazo, Victor Hugo] IFAPA Ctr Camino Purchil, Granada 18080, Spain. [Duran Zuazo, Victor Hugo] USDA, Natl Soil Eros Res Lab, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Zuazo, VHD (reprint author), IFAPA Ctr Camino Purchil, Apdo 2027, Granada 18080, Spain. EM victorh.duran@juntadeandalucia.es NR 212 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 9 U2 43 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY BN 978-90-481-2665-1 PY 2009 BP 785 EP 811 DI 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8_48 D2 10.1007/978-90-481-2666-8 PG 27 WC Agronomy; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BMN57 UT WOS:000272973100048 ER PT J AU Becerra, AG Menoyo, E Lett, I Li, CY AF Becerra, Alejandra G. Menoyo, Eugenia Lett, Irene Li, Ching Y. TI Alnus acuminata in dual symbiosis with Frankia and two different ectomycorrhizal fungi (Alpova austroalnicola and Alpova diplophloeus) growing in soilless growth medium SO SYMBIOSIS LA English DT Article DE Alpova; Alnus acuminata; ectomycorrhiza; Frankia ID ANDREWS,H.J. EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; RED ALDER; MG2+ DEFICIENCY; MYCORRHIZAE; ARGENTINA; PHLOGOPITE; TENUIFOLIA; FIXATION; BIOTITE; OREGON AB In this stud), we investigated the capacity of Andean alder (Alnus acuminata Kunth), inoculated with Frankia and two ectomycorrhizal fungi (Alpova austroalnicola Dominguez and Alpova diplophloeus ([Zeller and Dodge] Trappe and Smith), for nodulation and growth in pots of a soilless medium that contained vermiculite or a mixture of ground basalt rock and vermiculite. The seedlings were inoculated with Frankia suspensions prepared from root nodules of A. acuminata, followed by inoculation with spores of either one of the two Alpova species. The seedlings were grown in a greenhouse for 12 months. The seedlings grown in the vermiculite-based growth medium containing large (1-3 mm) basalt particles and Alpova austroalnicola or medium-sized (0.5-1 mm) basalt particles and A. diplophloeus had the heaviest shoot and root nodule dry weights and abundant ectomycorrhizal colonization. Ectomycorrhizas formed by A. acuminata with Alpova austroalnicola is described here for the first time. Growth of Alnus acuminata inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi and Frankia in the soilless primary minerals indicates that Andean alder can alter resource supply by tapping an otherwise unavailable nutrient source. C1 [Becerra, Alejandra G.] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal CONICET, Catedra Diversidad Vegetal 1, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Menoyo, Eugenia] Univ Nacl San Luis, Fac Quim Bioquim & Farm, Catedra Diversidad Vegetal 1, San Luis, Argentina. [Lett, Irene] Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Catedra Ecol Gen, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. [Li, Ching Y.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Becerra, AG (reprint author), Univ Nacl Cordoba, Inst Multidisciplinario Biol Vegetal CONICET, Catedra Diversidad Vegetal 1, Fac Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, CC 495, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina. EM beceale@gmail.com NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU INT SCIENCE SERVICES/BALABAN PUBLISHERS PI REHOVOT PA PO BOX 2039, REHOVOT 76120, ISRAEL SN 0334-5114 J9 SYMBIOSIS JI Symbiosis PY 2009 VL 47 IS 2 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 429SQ UT WOS:000264940800003 ER PT J AU Petroski, RJ Bartelt, RJ Vermillion, K AF Petroski, Richard J. Bartelt, Robert J. Vermillion, Karl TI Synthesis of a Dimethylfuran-Containing Macrolide Insect Pheromone SO SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE 2; 3-Dimethyl-2-butenolide; 12; 13-dimethyl-5; 14-dioxabicyclo[9; 2; 1]-tetradeca-1(13); 11-dien-4-one; 3; 4-dimethylfuran; Galerucella; macrolide; pheromone; purple loosestrife; Reformatsky ID GALERUCELLA-CALMARIENSIS; GENERAL-APPROACH; EFFICIENT; ACID AB The synthetic pathway to the furan-containing macrolide pheromone (1) of Galerucella beetles was shortened from 13 steps in the original synthesis to 10 steps, and the overall yield was increased greater than six-fold. A concise Reformatsky-based sequence of reactions was utilized to construct the key precursor, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butenolide. Reduction of the butenolide with diisobutylaluminum hydride afforded 3,4-dimethylfuran. A one-pot sequence of lithiation, alkylation by a tetrahydropyranyl (THP)-containing iodide, a second lithiation, and, finally, formylation gave the required tetrasubstituted furan intermediate, 3,4-dimethyl-5-[5-(tetrahydrofuran-2-yloxy)pentyl]-2-furaldehyde. To continue construction of the three-carbon acyl side chain, the aldehyde was converted to an unsaturated ester by a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons (HWE) condensation with triethyl phosphonoacetate. After reduction of the double bond in the ester side chain and removal of protective groups, the lactone ring was closed using the Mitsunobu method, which is milder, is simpler, and could be accomplished with less solvent than the previous (Yamaguchi) method. C1 [Petroski, Richard J.] ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Petroski, RJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Natl Ctr Agr Utilizat Res, Crop Bioprotect Res Unit, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. EM Richard.Petroski@ars.usda.gov NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0039-7911 J9 SYNTHETIC COMMUN JI Synth. Commun. PY 2009 VL 39 IS 8 BP 1389 EP 1405 AR PII 909714285 DI 10.1080/00397910802527748 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 421EY UT WOS:000264343400007 ER PT J AU Spooner, DM AF Spooner, David M. TI W. Hardy Eshbaugh-Recipient of the 2008 Peter Raven Award SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1 BP 4 EP 5 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 413OA UT WOS:000263801200002 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, F Spooner, DM AF Rodriguez, Flor Spooner, David M. TI Nitrate Reductase Phylogeny of Potato (Solanum sect. Petota) Genomes with Emphasis on the Origins of the Polyploid Species SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE allopolyploid; autopolyploid ID ENDOSPERM BALANCE NUMBER; RESTRICTION SITE VARIATION; WILD POTATOES; NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTION; STRUCTURAL HYBRIDITY; SERIES RELATIONSHIPS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; DNA-SEQUENCES; NUCLEAR GENES; CHLOROPLAST AB Solanum section Petota is taxonomically difficult, partly because of interspecific hybridization at both the diploid and polyploid levels. There is much disagreement regarding species boundaries and affiliation of species to series. Elucidating the phylogenetic relationships within the polyploids is crucial for an effective taxonomic treatment of the section and for the utilization of wild potato germplasm in breeding programs. We here infer relationships among the potato diploids and polyploids using nitrate reductase (NIA) sequence data in comparison to prior plastid phylogenies and: 1) examine genome types within section Petota, 2) show species in the polyploid series Conicibaccata, Longipedicellata, and in the lopetalum group to be derived from allopolyploidization, 3) support an earlier hypothesis by confirming S. verrucosum as the maternal genome donor for the polyploid species S. demissum as well as species in the lopetalum Group, 4) demonstrate that S. verrucosum is the closest relative to the maternal genome donor for species in ser. Longipedicellata, 5) support the close relationship between S. acaule and diploid species from series Megistacroloba and Tuberosa, and 6) show the North and Central American B genome species to be well distinguished from the A genome species of South America. C1 [Rodriguez, Flor; Spooner, David M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS,Vegetable Crops Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Rodriguez, F (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Hort, USDA, ARS,Vegetable Crops Res Unit, 1575 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM david.spooner@ars.usda.gov FU USDA; NSF [DEB 0316614] FX We thank Ph.D. committee members Cecile Ane, Dennis Halterman, Shelley Jansky, and Kenneth Sytsma; and also David Baurn for advice and review, two anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor Mark Simmons for invaluable comments and criticism, and the staff of the US Potato Genebank for germplasm. This paper represents partial fulfillment of a Ph.D. Degree for FR in Plant Breeding and Plant Genetics at the University of Wisconsin-Madison; this research was supported by the USDA and by NSF DEB 0316614 to David Spooner. NR 88 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI LARAMIE PA UNIV WYOMING, DEPT BOTANY 3165, 1000 E UNIVERSITY AVE, LARAMIE, WY 82071 USA SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1 BP 207 EP 219 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA 413OA UT WOS:000263801200021 ER PT J AU Buffington, ML AF Buffington, Matthew L. TI Description, circumscription and phylogenetics of the new tribe Zaeucoilini (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Eucoilinae), including a description of a new genus SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AGROSTOCYNIPS-DIAZ HYMENOPTERA; CYNIPOIDEA; SUBSTITUTION; AGROMYZIDAE; BUFFINGTON; REVISION; DIPTERA; PARASITOIDS; LIRIOMYZA; EXPANSION AB Neotropical eucoiline genera that have been included in and allied with the Zaeucoila genus group are redescribed. Following character analysis and phylogenetic reconstruction (25 taxa, 96 morphological characters, 1452 ribosomal and mitochondrial characters), this informal genus group was found to be monophyletic, and hence raised to formal recognition as a tribe of eucoilines, namely Zaeucoilini new tribe. Through phylogenetic reconstruction, Aegeseucoela Buffington was determined to be polyphyletic; the type species of Aegeseucoela, A. grenadensis (Ashmead), is transferred to Agrostocynips comb.n.; the orphaned species, A. flavotincta (Kieffer), is transferred to Marthiella Buffington gen.n., comb.n. Based on the examination of the holotype of Diranchis flavipes Ashmead, 1900, this species is transferred to Rhabdeucoela comb.n., where it is both a junior, subjective synonym of flavipes (Ashmead, 1894) syn.n. and a junior, secondary homonym. Zaeucoilini contains the following genera: Agrostocynips Diaz, Dettmeria Borgmeier, Dicerataspis Ashmead, Lopheucoila Weld, Marthiella Buffington, Moneucoela Kieffer, Moritiella Buffington, Penteucoila Weld, Preseucoela Buffington, Rhabdeucoela Kieffer, Tropideucoila Ashmead and Zaeucoila Ashmead. Characters and character states applicable specifically to Zaeucoilini are defined and illustrated. Characters supporting the monophyly of each genus are discussed. The plesiomorphic host for members of the Zaeucoilini are postulated as agromyzid leaf-mining Diptera, with one shift within the clade containing Dettmeria, Dicerataspis and Lopheucoila to fruit-infesting Diptera. New host records are reported for species of Preseucoela, Rhabdeucoela and Zaeucoila. All known hosts for the species of each genus are reported, as are known distributions and locations of type specimens. C1 ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Buffington, ML (reprint author), ARS, Systemat Entomol Lab, USDA, Natl Museum Nat Hist,Smithsonian Inst, 10th & Constitut Ave NW,POB 37012 MRC 168, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM matt.buffington@ars.usda.gov FU National Science Foundation Partnerships for the Enhancement and Education in Taxonomy [DEB9712543]; Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS FX I sincerely appreciate Robert Wharton, James Woolley and John McEachran (Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, U.S.A.) for their guidance in the pursuit of this project. Additional thanks to Goran Nordlander (Swedish Agricultural University, Uppsala, Sweden) and Fredrik Ronquist (Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden) for outstanding guidance and support throughout this project. Special thanks to John LaSalle (CSIRO, Canberra, Australia), Owen Lewis (University of Oxford, U.K.) and Sonja Scheffer (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville, MD, U.S.A.) for providing reared specimens and for allowing the use of their host data. I also wish to thank: Robert Kula, Matthew Yoder, Beatrice Rodriguiz and Laurie Warriner (Texas A&M University) for stimulating discussions on parasitic Hymenoptera; the curators of the institutions mentioned in the Materials and methods section for assisting me with loans of specimens; Genevieve Jordan and my sons Riley and Stryker for patience and understanding while conducting this research. Michael Pogue and Thomas Henry (Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS), Mattias Forshage (Uppsala University, Sweden) and two additional anonymous reviewers improved the quality of this paper immensely. This project was funded by the National Science Foundation Partnerships for the Enhancement and Education in Taxonomy (PEET) Grant, number DEB9712543 and the Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA/ARS. Research was carried out at Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, U.S.A., Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, and the United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC. NR 65 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0307-6970 EI 1365-3113 J9 SYST ENTOMOL JI Syst. Entomol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 34 IS 1 BP 162 EP 187 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2008.00447.x PG 26 WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology GA 390GF UT WOS:000262151600011 ER PT J AU Li, Y Niu, YC Chen, XM AF Li, Y. Niu, Y. C. Chen, X. M. TI Mapping a stripe rust resistance gene YrC591 in wheat variety C591 with SSR and AFLP markers SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID F-SP TRITICI; PUCCINIA-STRIIFORMIS; CHROMOSOMAL LOCATION; RACES AB Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici (PST), is one of the most destructive diseases of common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). To determine inheritance of stripe rust resistance and map the resistance gene(s) in wheat variety C591, F(1), F(2), and F(3) progenies derived from the Taichung 29 X C591 cross were inoculated with Chinese PST race CY32 in the greenhouse. Genetic analysis identified a single dominant gene, temporarily designated YrC591. A total of 178 SSR and 130 AFLP markers were used to test the parents and resistant and susceptible bulks. From the bulk segregant analysis, seven polymorphic SSR and two AFLP markers were selected for genotyping the F2 population. SSR marker Xcfa2040-7B, and SCAR marker SC-P35M48 derived from AFLP marker P35M48(373) were identified to be closely linked to the resistance gene with genetic distances of 8.0 and 11.7 cM, respectively. The SSR markers mapped the resistance gene on chromosome arm 7BL. In the seedling test with five PST races, the reaction patterns of C591 were different from wheat cultivars or lines carrying Yr2 or Yr6 that also are found on chromosome 7B. The results indicate that YrC591 is probably a novel stripe rust resistance gene. C1 [Li, Y.; Niu, Y. C.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Niu, Y. C.] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Agr Resources & Reg Planning, Beijing 100081, Peoples R China. [Li, Y.] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Med Plant Dev, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Li, Y.] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, X. M.] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Niu, YC (reprint author), Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Inst Plant Protect, State Key Lab Biol Plant Dis & Insect Pests, 2 W Yuanmingyuan Rd, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM yonglilp312@yahoo.com.cn; niuyongchun@yahoo.com.cn NR 28 TC 18 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 118 IS 2 BP 339 EP 346 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0903-3 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 383EL UT WOS:000261656800014 PM 18946654 ER PT J AU Zhang, L Lavery, L Gill, U Gill, K Steffenson, B Yan, GP Chen, XM Kleinhofs, A AF Zhang, Ling Lavery, Lisa Gill, Upinder Gill, Kulvinder Steffenson, Brian Yan, Guiping Chen, Xianming Kleinhofs, Andris TI A cation/proton-exchanging protein is a candidate for the barley NecS1 gene controlling necrosis and enhanced defense response to stem rust SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article ID POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; RICE CATION/H+ EXCHANGER; LESION MIMIC MUTANTS; STRIPE-MOSAIC-VIRUS; GRAMINIS F-SP; CELL-DEATH; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; ION-CHANNEL; ARABIDOPSIS; CALCIUM AB We characterized three lesion mimic necS1 ( necrotic Steptoe) mutants, induced by fast neutron (FN) treatment of barley cultivar Steptoe. The three mutants are recessive and allelic. When infected with Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici pathotypes MCC and QCC and P. graminis f. sp. secalis isolate 92-MN-90, all three mutants exhibited enhanced resistance compared to parent cultivar Steptoe. These results suggested that the lesion mimic mutants carry broad-spectrum resistance to stem rust. In order to identify the mutated gene responsible for the phenotype, transcript-based cloning was used. Two genes, represented by three Barley1 probesets (Contig4211_at and Contig4212_s_at, representing the same gene, and Contig10850_s_at), were deleted in all three mutants. Genetic analysis suggested that the lesion mimic phenotype was due to a mutation in one or both of these genes, named NecS1. Consistent with the increased disease resistance, all three mutants constitutively accumulated elevated transcript levels of pathogenesis-related ( PR) genes. Barley stripe mosaic virus ( BSMV) has been developed as a virus-induced gene-silencing (VIGS) vector for monocots. We utilized BSMV-VIGS to demonstrate that silencing of the gene represented by Contig4211_at, but not Contig10850_s_at caused the necrotic lesion mimic phenotype on barley seedling leaves. Therefore, Contig4211_at is a strong candidate for the NecS1 gene, which encodes a cation/proton exchanging protein (HvCAX1). C1 [Zhang, Ling; Gill, Upinder; Gill, Kulvinder; Kleinhofs, Andris] Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Steffenson, Brian] Univ Minnesota, Dept Plant Pathol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Yan, Guiping; Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Chen, Xianming] Washington State Univ, ARS, USDA, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Lavery, Lisa; Kleinhofs, Andris] Washington State Univ, Sch Mol Biosci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Kleinhofs, A (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. EM andyk@wsu.edu OI Lavery, Lawrence/0000-0002-7920-9952; Steffenson, Brian/0000-0001-7961-5363 NR 52 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 16 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 118 IS 2 BP 385 EP 397 DI 10.1007/s00122-008-0910-4 PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA 383EL UT WOS:000261656800018 PM 18956175 ER PT J AU Hutchison, JL Norman, HD AF Hutchison, J. L. Norman, H. D. TI Characterization and usage of sexed semen from US field data SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IETS Pre-Conference on Update on Sexing Mammalian Sperm CY JAN 03, 2009 CL San Diego, CA DE Dairy cattle; Sexed semen; Artificial insemination C1 [Hutchison, J. L.; Norman, H. D.] ARS, Anim Improvement Programs Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Hutchison, JL (reprint author), Rm 306,Bldg 005 BARC W,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM Jana.Hutchison@ars.usda.gov NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 SI SI BP 48 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.09.022 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 382RW UT WOS:000261624100007 ER PT J AU Blanco, JM Wildt, DE Hofle, U Voelker, W Donoghue, AM AF Blanco, J. M. y Wildt, D. E. Hoefle, U. Voelker, W. Donoghue, A. M. TI Implementing artificial insemination as an effective tool for ex situ conservation of endangered avian species SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IETS Post Conference Symposium on Implementation of Artificial Insemination in CANDES/Satellite Symposium of the 35th International-Embryo-Transfer-Society CY JAN 07, 2009 CL San Diego, CA SP Int Embryo Transfer Soc DE Artificial insemination; Endangered species; Birds; Conservation; Sperm ID SEMEN COLLECTION; LEUKOSIS VIRUS; SALMONELLA-ENTERITIDIS; AMERICAN KESTREL; JAPANESE-QUAIL; SPERM-STORAGE; FERTILITY; TURKEYS; BIRDS; SPERMATOZOA AB Approximately 503 of the known species of birds are classified as 'endangered' or 'critical'. Captive propagation programs have proven useful in maintaining genetic diversity and restoring wild Populations of certain species, including the Peregrine falcon, California condor and Whooping crane. Artificial insemination (AI) has the potential of solving problems inherent to reproductive management of small, closed populations of endangered birds, including dealing with demographic instability, physical and behavioral disabilities, Sexual incompatibility, lack of synchrony, and need to maintain gene diversity. In this review, we address the necessary methods and factors that allow AI to be applied effectively to manage rare bird populations. It is clear that semen availability and quality are the greatest limiting factors to implementing consistently successful AI for birds. Behavioral sensitivity to animal handling and the ability to minimize stress in individual birds also are keys to success. Multiple, deep vaginal inseminations can improve fertility, particularly when semen quality is marginal. Laparoscopic methods of semen transfer also have produced fertile eggs. All of these practices leading to successful AI remain dependent on having adequate basic knowledge on female reproductive status, copulatory behavior, endocrine profiles and duration of fertility, especially as related to oviposition. The overall greatest challenge and highest priority is defining these normative traits. which are highly species-specific. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Blanco, J. M. y] Ctr Estudios Rapaces Iber, Sevilleja De La Jara 45671, Toledo, Spain. [Wildt, D. E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Zool Pk, Conservat & Res Ctr, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA. [Hoefle, U.] IREC, Inst Invest Recursos Cineget, Ciudad Real, Spain. [Donoghue, A. M.] ARS, Poultry Prod & Prod Safety Res Unit, USDA, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP Blanco, JM (reprint author), Ctr Estudios Rapaces Iber, Sevilleja De La Jara 45671, Toledo, Spain. EM aquila.foundation@hotmail.com RI Hofle, Ursula/F-8585-2013 OI Hofle, Ursula/0000-0002-6868-079X NR 68 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 36 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0093-691X EI 1879-3231 J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD JAN 1 PY 2009 VL 71 IS 1 SI SI BP 200 EP 213 DI 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.09.019 PG 14 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA 382RW UT WOS:000261624100024 PM 19004491 ER PT J AU Haschek, W Hsiao, SH Wicklow, D AF Haschek, Wanda Hsiao, Shih-Hsuan Wicklow, Donald TI The Fungal Metabolite, Pyrrocidine A, Induces Apoptosis in HepG2 Hepatocytes and PK15 Renal Cells SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Haschek, Wanda; Hsiao, Shih-Hsuan] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Wicklow, Donald] NCAUR, ARS, USDA, Peoria, IL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0192-6233 J9 TOXICOL PATHOL JI Toxicol. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 37 IS 1 MA P83 BP 149 EP 149 PG 1 WC Pathology; Toxicology SC Pathology; Toxicology GA 463XE UT WOS:000267466500096 ER PT J AU Ward, DM Nislow, KH Folt, CL AF Ward, D. M. Nislow, K. H. Folt, C. L. TI Increased Population Density and Suppressed Prey Biomass: Relative Impacts on Juvenile Atlantic Salmon Growth SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT INDIVIDUAL GROWTH; BROWN TROUT; FOOD AVAILABILITY; STEELHEAD TROUT; TERRITORY SIZE; STREAM; SALAR; SURVIVAL; PATTERNS; HISTORY AB Individual growth rates of fish often depend oil both population density and resource availability. both of which are subject to anthropogenic impacts and call be Manipulated in the interest of restoring or enhancing fish populations. However, direct tests of file relative contribution Of these factors 10 growth variation are lacking for most populations and are critically needed 10 guide management. We used it large-scale field experiment to evaluate the relative effects of increased population density and Suppressed prey biomass oil the growth of juvenile Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. We directly manipulated salmon population density by releasing newly hatched salmon fry from uniform initial conditions at three density treatments in natural streams (18 sites total, repeated over 2 years). We arrayed the density treatments across sites that encompassed a more than 10-fold range in the biomass of benthic invertebrate prey for salmon, it low prey biomass being associated with heavy shading front riparian forest canopy. This controlled approach clearly demonstrated the enormous growth plasticity of juvenile Atlantic salmon their mean body mass ranging front 1.2 to 14 g across sites after one growing season. Variation in file), biomass had the strongest effects oil fish growth. The fish grew faster at sites with high prey biomass regardless (if population density. and prey biomass alone accounted for 71% of the explained variation in their growth. Only after taking the variation explained by prey biomass into account was it apparent that the study fish grew faster in sites with low stocking density and at sites where high losses reduced Atlantic salmon population density. To maintain salmon growth and size-dependent life histories. restoration and management efforts clearly need to consider anthropogenic factors that Suppress prey abundance. C1 [Ward, D. M.; Folt, C. L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Nislow, K. H.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Ward, DM (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM darren.ward@dartmouth.edu RI Ward, Darren/F-1203-2010; Ward, Darren/A-5107-2010 OI Ward, Darren/0000-0002-0049-5299; NR 65 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0002-8487 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 138 IS 1 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1577/T08-128.1 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA 477EH UT WOS:000268500900012 ER PT J AU Yu, Y Zhu, H Ozkan, HE Derksen, RC Krause, CR AF Yu, Y. Zhu, H. Ozkan, H. E. Derksen, R. C. Krause, C. R. TI EVAPORATION AND DEPOSITION COVERAGE AREA OF DROPLETS CONTAINING INSECTICIDES AND SPRAY ADDITIVES ON HYDROPHILIC, HYDROPHOBIC, AND CRABAPPLE LEAF SURFACES SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Drift retardant; Droplet size; Evaporation time; Pesticide formulation; Residual pattern; Spray efficiency; Sulfactant ID EFFICACY; SIZE; SURFACTANTS; PERFORMANCE; LEAVES; AGENTS; AIR AB The efficiency of foliar spray applications is influenced by the evaporation and residual pattern of pesticide droplets on targets. Evaporation time and maximal coverage area of a single droplet front 246 to 886 P m in size at relative humidity (RH) ranging from 30% to 90% were measured with sequential images under controlled conditions. Droplets were placed on targets inside an environmentally controlled chamber under a stereoscope and a high-definition digital camera. The spray mixtures used to form droplets included different combinations of water; a nonionic colloidal polymer drift retardant, an alkyl polyoxyethylene surfactant, and two commercially available insecticides. The droplet evaporation was investigated on crabapple leaf surfaces, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic glass slide surfaces. Adding surfactant into spray mixtures greatly increased droplet coverage area on the surfaces, while droplet evaporation time was greatly reduced. For a 343 mu m droplet on a crabapple leaf at 60% RH, the evaporation time decreased from 70 to 50 s and the maximal coverage area increased from 0.366 to 0.890 mm(2) after the surfactant was added into the spray mixture containing water and insecticide. Adding the drift retardant into the spray mixture slightly increased the droplet evaporation time and decreased the droplet coverage area. In addition, changing the target surface from the hydrophilic slide to the hydrophobic slide greatly increased the droplet coverage area and reduced the droplet evaporation time. Increasing RH increased the droplet evaporation time greatly but did not change the coverage area. The droplet evaporation time and covey-age area increased exponentially as the droplet size increased. Therefore, droplet size, surface characteristics of the target (waxy or non-waxy), RH, and chemical composition of the spray mixture (water alone, pesticide, additives) should be included as important factors that can affect the efficacy and efficiency of pesticide applications. C1 [Zhu, H.] USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, OARDC, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Yu, Y.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. RP Zhu, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Applicat Technol Res Unit, OARDC, Ag Eng Bldg,1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM heping.zhu@ars.usda.gov NR 29 TC 24 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 39 EP 49 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 421NY UT WOS:000264366800004 ER PT J AU White, ED Feyereisen, GW Veith, TL Bosch, DD AF White, E. D. Feyereisen, G. W. Veith, T. L. Bosch, D. D. TI IMPROVING DAILY WATER YIELD ESTIMATES IN THE LITTLE RIVER WATERSHED: SWAT ADJUSTMENTS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Calibration; CEAP; Coastal Plain; Curve number; Hydrologic modeling; Initial abstraction; SWAT ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; COASTAL-PLAIN; CONSERVATION TILLAGES; ASSESSMENT-TOOL; MODEL; SOIL; UNCERTAINTY; SENSITIVITY; CALIBRATION; DIRECTIONS AB Researchers are assessing the beneficial effects of conservation practices on water quality with hydrologic models. The assessments depend heavily on accurate simulation of water yield. This study was conducted to improve Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) hydrologic model daily water yield estimates in the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREW) in south Georgia. The SWAT code was altered to recognize a difference in curve number between growing and dormant seasons, to use an initial abstraction (I(a)), of 0.05S rather than 0.2S, and to adjust curve number based on the level of soil saturation in low-lying riparian zones. Refinements were made to two SWAT input parameters, SURLAG and ALPHA_BF, from a previous set of calibration parameters. The combined changes improved the daily Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency (NSE) from 0.42 to 0.66 for water yield at the outlet of the 16.9 km(2) subwatershed K of the LREW for the ten-year period 1995 to 2004. Further calibration of the SURLAG coefficient yielded the largest improvement of five alterations, and changing I, effected the next largest improvement. Over the ten-year investigation period, the model predicted annual average water yield within 1% of measured streamflow, and deviation between observed and simulated values for stormflow was <= 2.2%. Annual daily NSEs for each of the ten years were improved; for two years affected by seasonal tropical storm events, NSEs were changed from negative to positive values. The results of this study support the adjustment of the 1, ratio in the runoff curve number and suggest that additional changes to SWAT would improve water yield prediction for southern Coastal Plain locations. C1 [Feyereisen, G. W.; Veith, T. L.] USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [White, E. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biol & Ecol Engn, Ithaca, NY USA. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. RP Feyereisen, GW (reprint author), USDA ARS, Pasture Syst & Watershed Management Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM Gary.Feyereisen@ars.usda.gov RI Veith, Tamie/H-4911-2011 NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 69 EP 79 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 421NY UT WOS:000264366800007 ER PT J AU Chin, DA Sakura-Lemessy, D Bosch, DD Gay, PA AF Chin, D. A. Sakura-Lemessy, D. Bosch, D. D. Gay, P. A. TI WATERSHED-SCALE FATE AND TRANSPORT OF BACTERIA SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Bacteria; Fecal coliform; HSPF; Hydrology; Modeling; SWAT; Watershed ID SIMULATIONS AB The added dimensionality provided by using multiple models to predict the fate and transport of bacteria at the watershed scale were investigated. Both HSPF and SWAT were applied to the 15.6 km(2) catchment K of the Little River Experimental Watershed (LREW) in Georgia. Over the seven-year period from 1996 to 2002, SWAT provided a more accurate description of fecal coliform concentrations, with an NSE of 0.73 compared to 0.33 for HSPF For this particular watershed, the SWAT process equations are more representative of the watershed-scale fate and transport of bacteria than the HSPF process equations. Based on this comparative analysis, it can be inferred that elevated levels of fecal coliform in the receiving stream are primarily due to in-stream sources. This source characterization could, not be achieved by using only the HSPF model, which indicates a much greater contribution from groundwater and terrestrial nonpoint sources. A model-averaging approach in which a weighted average of the HSPF and SWAT predictions arc used to predict bacteria concentrations in the receiving stream demonstrates that model weights can be determined such that the NSE of the combined models will be greater than either of the models taken individually. However, in the present case, the marginal improvements in NSE obtained through this integration were small. C1 [Chin, D. A.] Univ Miami, Dept Civil Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Sakura-Lemessy, D.] Albany State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Albany, GA USA. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Gay, P. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Biol & Agr Engn, Tifton, GA USA. RP Chin, DA (reprint author), Univ Miami, Dept Civil Engn, 1251 Mem Dr, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. EM dchin@miami.edu NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 145 EP 154 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 421NY UT WOS:000264366800014 ER PT J AU Evett, SR Mazahrih, NT Jitan, MA Sawalha, MH Colaizzi, PD Ayars, JE AF Evett, S. R. Mazahrih, N. T. Jitan, M. A. Sawalha, M. H. Colaizzi, P. D. Ayars, J. E. TI A WEIGHING LYSIMETER FOR CROP WATER USE DETERMINATION IN THE JORDAN VALLEY, JORDAN SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Crop coefficient; Crop water use; Evapotranspiration; Water use efficiency; Weighing lysimeter ID DIFFERENTIATION; CONSTRUCTION; CALIBRATION AB Efficiency of water use in irrigated agriculture can be improved by providing irrigation scheduling information to farmers. Since 2003, the Middle Eastern Regional Irrigation Management Information Systems (MERIMIS) project has focused on improving irrigation scheduling in Jordan, Palestine, and Israel with cooperators from the region and the U.S. Their efforts have established a network of 15 weather stations to support an irrigation scheduling service using the paradigm that crop water use is equal to a reference evapotranspiration (ETr) value (calculated from weather data) multiplied by a crop coefficient. Because crop coefficients developed in one region often do not transfer exactly to another region, crop coefficient values should be developed for those crops commonly grown in the Middle Eastern region and for the agronomic practices, including row spacings, prevalent in the region. Row spacings in this region are often wider than in other regions so that full canopy cover is often not attained, and spacings vary among farmers, leading to an important crop cover factor influence on ET rates throughout the growing season. This article describes the site selection, design, construction, calibration, and preliminary results for a weighing lysimeter built by the MERIMIS team for determination of crop coefficients in the Jordan Valley. Distinct features of the design include the low roof that guarantees at least 1.5 m of soil depth all around the lysimeter, the tall scale-support piers that allow for suspension of the vacuum drainage tanks from the scale so that drainage does not change lysimeter mass, the elevated load cell and datalogger that provide insurance against the unlikely event of flooding, and the rectangular surface that accommodates the wide variety of row spacings used in the Jordan Valley. The lysimeter is sited in the center of a 100 x 200 m drip irrigated field, is 2.4 x 3 m in surface area and 2.5 m deep, and has a calibrated accuracy of 0.11 mm of water and resolution of 0.064 mm. Preliminary data show that the lysimeter and associated weather instrumentation are working as expected and are able to detect half-hourly ET rate responses. C1 [Evett, S. R.; Colaizzi, P. D.] USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. [Mazahrih, N. T.; Jitan, M. A.; Sawalha, M. H.] Natl Ctr Agr Res & Extens, Baqa, Jordan. [Ayars, J. E.] USDA ARS, Water Management Res Lab, Parlier, CA USA. RP Evett, SR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Conservat & Prod Res Lab, PO Drawer 10, Bushland, TX 79012 USA. EM Steve.Evett@ars.usda.gov NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 155 EP 169 PG 15 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 421NY UT WOS:000264366800015 ER PT J AU Flesch, TK Harper, LA Powell, JA Wilson, JD AF Flesch, T. K. Harper, L. A. Powell, J. A. Wilson, J. D. TI INVERSE-DISPERSION CALCULATION OF AMMONIA EMISSIONS FROM WISCONSIN DAIRY FARMS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Air quality; Ammonia emissions; Atmospheric dispersion; Dairy farm ID TRACE GAS CONCENTRATIONS; TO-AIR EMISSIONS; LIVESTOCK BUILDINGS; METHANE EMISSIONS; FIELD TRIAL; CATTLE; MANURE; SLURRY; RATES; VOLATILIZATION AB Ammonia (NH(3)) emissions were determined from three commercial dairy farms in the north-central U.S. The dairies employed similar management, having naturally ventilated free-stall barns where bat-it waste is scraped and transferred to outdoor lagoons. Three potential emission sources were distinguished at each farm: barns, lagoons, and sand separators. A backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) inverse-dispersion technique was used to measure emissions. Total farm emission varied from 15 to 330 kg NH(3) d(-1) depending on the farm and season. Inter-farm variability was largely explained by farm size (animal population). Emissions showed variability on seasonal and daily scales: summer rates were roughly ten times those of the winter; and mid-day rates were approximately three times those at night. The lagoons emitted 37% to 63% of the farm total during summer and fall, but they were frozen in winter and their emissions were immeasurably small. The yearly per-animal emissions front the three dairies were estimated at 20, 19, and 20 kg NH(3) animal(-1) year(-1). Regarding the measurement technique, US proved well-suited to our study. With modest resources we were able to measure emissions front the variety of sources at each farm and quickly move between farms. Overall agreement in measured emissions at the three farms, together with a general harmony of our measurements with those front previous studies, provides a measure of confidence in the measurement strategy. C1 [Flesch, T. K.; Wilson, J. D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H4, Canada. [Harper, L. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Poultry Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Powell, J. A.] ARS, USDA, US Dairy Forage Res Ctr, Madison, WI USA. RP Flesch, TK (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H4, Canada. EM thomas.flesch@ualberta.ca FU USDA-ARS Dairy Forage Research Center; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; University of Alberta; University of Georgia FX This study would not have been possible without the assistance of the three commercial dairy operators and staff. We thank them for their generous support. Funding and equipment were provided by the USDA-ARS Dairy Forage Research Center, the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences, the University of Alberta, and the University of Georgia. Thanks are extended to W. K. Coblentz and W, Jokela for their help in administering and organizing the research, to S. R. Struss and D. Grande for their assistance in locating suitable farms, and to S. M. McGinn for welcome ideas in data analysis. NR 35 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 52 IS 1 BP 253 EP 265 PG 13 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 421NY UT WOS:000264366800026 ER PT S AU Scott, MP AF Scott, M. Paul BE Scott, MP TI Transgenic Maize Methods and Protocols Preface SO TRANSGENIC MAIZE: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Scott, MP (reprint author), ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-934115-49-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 526 BP V EP VI D2 10.1007/978-1-59745-494-0 PG 2 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BKJ89 UT WOS:000268335100001 ER PT S AU Scott, MP AF Scott, M. Paul BE Scott, MP TI Tissue-Print Immunodetection of Transgene Products in Endosperm for High-Throughput Screening of Seeds SO TRANSGENIC MAIZE: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Seed; Endosperm; Antibody; Protein ID COMMERCIAL PRODUCTION; MAIZE SEEDS; EXPRESSION; LYSINE; PLANTS; GENE AB This method allows high-throughput qualitative screening to identify seeds containing a transgene product in endosperm tissue. It is particularly useful for determining genetic segregation ratios or identifying seeds to be advanced in a breeding program. Tissue printing is used to avoid time-consuming extraction steps. Antibody-based detection of the transgene product makes this method suitable to any transgene product for which a specific antibody is available. It is possible to screen thousands of seeds per week using this method. C1 ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Scott, MP (reprint author), ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-934115-49-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 526 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1007/978-1-59745-494-0_10 D2 10.1007/978-1-59745-494-0 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BKJ89 UT WOS:000268335100011 PM 19378010 ER PT S AU Shepherd, CT Lauter, ANM Scott, MP AF Shepherd, Colin T. Lauter, Adrienne N. Moran Scott, M. Paul BE Scott, MP TI Determination of Transgene Copy Number by Real-Time Quantitative PCR SO TRANSGENIC MAIZE: METHODS AND PROTOCOLS SE Methods in Molecular Biology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Transgenic plants; Quantitative PCR; Gene copy number ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLANTS AB Efficient methods to characterize transgenic plants are important to quickly understand the state of the transformant. Determining transgene copy number is an important step in transformant characterization and can differentiate between complex and simple transformation events. This knowledge can be extremely useful when determining what future experiments and uses the transgenic lines can be utilized for. The method described here uses real-time quantitative PCR to determine the transgene copy number present in the genome of the transformant. Specifically, this method measures the relative transgene copy number by comparing it with an endogenous gene with a known copy number. This method is a quick alternative to the Southern blot, a method that is commonly used to determine gene copy number, and is effective when screening large numbers of transformants. C1 [Shepherd, Colin T.] AimsBio Inc, Ames, IA USA. [Lauter, Adrienne N. Moran; Scott, M. Paul] ARS, Corn Insects & Crop Genet Res Unit, USDA, Ames, IA USA. RP Shepherd, CT (reprint author), AimsBio Inc, Ames, IA USA. NR 7 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DR, STE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512-1165 USA SN 1064-3745 BN 978-1-934115-49-7 J9 METHODS MOL BIOL JI Methods Mol. Biol. PY 2009 VL 526 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1007/978-1-59745-494-0_11 D2 10.1007/978-1-59745-494-0 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA BKJ89 UT WOS:000268335100012 PM 19378009 ER PT J AU Faller, RK Reid, JD Kretschmann, DE Hascall, JA Sicking, DL AF Faller, Ronald K. Reid, John D. Kretschmann, David E. Hascall, Jason A. Sicking, Dean L. TI Midwest Guardrail System with Round Timber Posts SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB A modified Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) was developed by using small-diameter round wood posts. The barrier system was configured with three timber species: Douglas fir (DF), ponderosa pine (PP), and southern yellow pine (SYP). Barrier VII computer simulation, combined with cantilever post testing in a rigid sleeve and soil, was used to determine the required post diameter for each species. The recommended nominal sizes were 184 min (7.25 in.) for DF, 203 nim (8 in.) for PP, and 190 min (7.5 in.) for SYP. A grading criterion limiting knot size and ring density was established for each species. The recommended knot sizes were limited to 38 min (1.5 in.) or smaller for DF, 89 mm (3.5 in.) or smaller for PP, and 64 min (2.5 in.) or smaller for SYP. The minimum ring densities equaled or exceeded 6 rings per inch (rpi) for DF, 6 rpi for PP, and 4 rpi for SYP. Two guardrail systems-one using DF posts and another using PP posts-were crash tested according to the Test Level 3 requirements specified in NCHRP Report 350: Recommended Procedures for the Safety Performance Evaluation of Highway Features. Crash testing was not conducted on the SYP system because of the adequacy of previous testing on 184-mm (7.25-in.) diameter SYP posts in a standard W-beam guardrail system and post design strength comparable to that in the other two species. Both crash tests showed that the modified MGS functioned adequately for both wood species. Three round wood post alternatives were recommended as an acceptable substitute for the standard W152x13.4 (W6x9) steel post used in the MGS. C1 [Faller, Ronald K.; Reid, John D.; Sicking, Dean L.] Univ Nebraska, Midwest Roadside Safety Facil, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Kretschmann, David E.] US Forest Serv, Forest Prod Lab, USDA, Madison, WI 53726 USA. [Hascall, Jason A.] Wallace Engn, Kansas City, MO 64106 USA. RP Faller, RK (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Midwest Roadside Safety Facil, 527 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM rfaller1@unl.edu OI Faller, Ronald/0000-0001-7660-1572 NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSP RES RECORD JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2009 IS 2120 BP 47 EP 59 DI 10.3141/2120-06 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 540UQ UT WOS:000273365800006 ER PT J AU Bigelow, J Lebow, S Clausen, CA Greimann, L Wipf, TJ AF Bigelow, Jake Lebow, Stan Clausen, Carol A. Greimann, Lowell Wipf, Terry J. TI Preservation Treatment for Wood Bridge Application SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Timber can often he a cost-effective construction material for new bridges. The durability of the bridge greatly depends on proper attention to construction details and fabrication, as well as proper preservative treatment before, during, and after construction. Material repair and replacement costs for bridges are a considerable expense for highway agencies. To address these needs, the objectives of an investigation were to determine the field effectiveness of various treatment alternatives used on Iowa roadway projects and to provide information on preservative treatments, inspection techniques, and current specifications for bridge owners. Special emphasis was placed on providing up-to-date synthesized information for county engineers to maintain their timber bridge inventory more effectively. The project scope included a literature review, identification of testing techniques, on-site inspections of bridges in Iowa, and a review of current specifications and testing procedures. On the basis of information evaluated, these general conclusions were made: copper naphthenate was recommended as the plant-applied preservative treatment for timber bridges, American Wood Protection Association Standards and Best Management Practices should be followed to ensure high-quality treatment of timber materials, and bridge maintenance programs would be enhanced by the development of an effective construction and remedial treatment process to improve bridge durability. C1 [Bigelow, Jake; Greimann, Lowell; Wipf, Terry J.] Iowa State Univ, Bridge Engn Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Lebow, Stan; Clausen, Carol A.] USDA, Forest Prod Lab, Madison, WI 53726 USA. RP Bigelow, J (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Bridge Engn Ctr, 2711 S Loop Dr,Suite 4700, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM jbigelow@iastate.edu NR 16 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 J9 TRANSP RES RECORD JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2009 IS 2108 BP 77 EP 85 DI 10.3141/2108-09 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA 527ZD UT WOS:000272408900009 ER PT J AU Zhang, DP Mischke, S Johnson, ES Phillips-Mora, W Meinhardt, L AF Zhang, Dapeng Mischke, Sue Johnson, Elizabeth S. Phillips-Mora, Wilbert Meinhardt, Lyndel TI Molecular characterization of an international cacao collection using microsatellite markers SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Theobroma cacao L; Cacao; Genetic diversity; Population structure; Conservation; SSR molecular markers; Genebank; CATIE; Costa Rica ID THEOBROMA-CACAO; CORE COLLECTIONS; FREQUENCY DATA; L.; POPULATION; IDENTIFICATION; GERMPLASM; ALGORITHM; ACCURACY; RICHNESS AB Plant germplasm collections invariably contain varying levels of genetic redundancy, which hinders the efficient conservation and utilization of plant germplasm. Reduction of genetic redundancies is an essential step to improve the accuracy and efficiency of genebank management. The present study targeted the assessment of genetic redundancy and genetic structure in an international cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) collection maintained in Costa Rica. A total of 688 cacao accessions maintained in this collection were genotyped with 15 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci, using a capillary electrophoresis genotyping system. The SSR markers provided a high resolution among the accessions. Thirty-six synonymously labeled sets, involving 135 accessions were identified based on the matching of multilocus SSR profiles. After the elimination of synonymous sets, the level of redundancy caused by closely related accessions in the collection was assessed using a simulated sampling scheme that compared allelic diversity in different sample sizes. The result of the simulation suggested that a random sample of 113 accessions could capture 90% of the total allelic diversity in this collection. Principal Coordinate Analysis revealed that the Trinitario hybrids from Costa Rica shared a high similarity among groups as well as among individual accessions. The analysis of the genetic structure illustrated that the within-country/within-region difference accounted for 84.6% of the total molecular variation whereas the among-country/among-region difference accounted for 15.4%. The Brazilian germplasm contributed most to this collection in terms of total alleles and private alleles. The intercountry/interregion relationship by cluster analysis largely agreed with the geographical origin of each germplasm group and supported the hypothesis that the Upper Amazon region is the center of diversity for cacao. The results of the present study indicated that the CATIE International Cacao Collection contains a high level of genetic redundancy. It should be possible to rationalize this collection by reducing redundancy and ensuring optimal representation of the genetic diversity from distinct germplasm groups. The results also demonstrated that SSR markers, together with the statistical tools for individual identification and redundancy assessment, are technically practical and sufficiently informative to assist the management of a tropical plant germplasm collection. C1 [Zhang, Dapeng; Mischke, Sue; Johnson, Elizabeth S.; Meinhardt, Lyndel] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Phillips-Mora, Wilbert] Trop Agr Res & Higher Educ Ctr CATIE, Lab Biotecnol, Turrialba, Costa Rica. RP Zhang, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Sustainable Perennial Crops Lab, Inst Plant Sci, Bldg 1, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. EM ZhangD@ba.ars.usda.gov RI Phillips-Mora, Wilbert/M-2281-2016 OI Phillips-Mora, Wilbert/0000-0002-7707-3705 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 EI 1614-2950 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JAN PY 2009 VL 5 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1007/s11295-008-0163-z PG 10 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 377QG UT WOS:000261265100001 ER PT J AU Norelli, JL Farrell, RE Bassett, CL Baldo, AM Lalli, DA Aldwinckle, HS Wisniewski, ME AF Norelli, John L. Farrell, Robert E., Jr. Bassett, Carole L. Baldo, Angela M. Lalli, Donna A. Aldwinckle, Herb S. Wisniewski, Michael E. TI Rapid transcriptional response of apple to fire blight disease revealed by cDNA suppression subtractive hybridization analysis SO TREE GENETICS & GENOMES LA English DT Article DE Rosaceae; Plant pathogenic bacteria; Tree Fruit diseases; Gala; Expressed sequence tag; Gene regulation ID ERWINIA-AMYLOVORA; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; DEFENSE RESPONSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; STRESS RESPONSES; INNATE IMMUNITY; BASAL DEFENSE; PLANT-DISEASE; CELL-DEATH; ARABIDOPSIS AB Fire blight, caused by the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is a destructive disease of many tree and shrub species of the Rosaceae. Suppression subtractive cDNA hybridization (SSH) was used to identify genes that are differentially up- and down-regulated in apple (Malus x domestica) in response to challenge with E. amylovora. cDNA libraries were constructed from E. amylovora- and mock-challenged apple leaf tissue at various time intervals after challenge treatment, ranging from 0.25 to 72 h post-inoculation (hpi), and utilized in SSH. Gel electrophoresis of PCR-amplified SSH cDNAs indicated a greater quantity and size diversity in the down-regulated EST population at early times after challenge (1 and 2 hpi) compared to early up-regulated sequences and to sequences down-regulated at later (24 and 48 hpi) times after challenge. A total of 468 non-redundant Malus ESTs isolated by SSH in response to E. amylovora challenge were characterized by bioinformatic analysis. Many of ESTs identified following E. amylovora challenge of apple were similar to genes previously reported to respond to bacterial challenge in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results indicate that there was a substantial early (1 and 2 hpi) transcriptional response in apple to fire blight disease involving both the down- and up-regulation of host genes. Additionally, genes identified responding to fire blight challenge early (1 and 2 hpi) differed from those identified later (25, 48, and 72 hpi) in the infection process. C1 [Norelli, John L.; Bassett, Carole L.; Lalli, Donna A.; Wisniewski, Michael E.] USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Farrell, Robert E., Jr.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, York, PA USA. [Baldo, Angela M.] USDA ARS, Plant Genet Resources Unit, Geneva, NY USA. [Aldwinckle, Herb S.] Cornell Univ, New York State Agr Expt Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Geneva, NY 14456 USA. RP Norelli, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, 2217 Wiltshire Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM jay.norelli@ars.usda.gov FU National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service [2005-35300-15462]; NutriCore FX Acknowledgments We gratefully acknowledge Wilbur Hershberger (USDA, ARS, Kearneysville, WV, USA) for valuable assistance with conducting biological challenge experiments, isolating RNA from challenge tissues, cloning PCR-amplified SSH-cDNAs, and editing of SSH-EST sequences and for bioinformatic analyses; Dr. David Needleman (USDA, ARS, Wyndmoor, PA, USA) of the Eastern Regional Research Center's Nucleic Acid Facility for sequencing the SSH-ESTs; Greg Richart (The Pennsylvania State University, York, USA) for assistance with SSH; Jing Ma (USDA, ARS, Kearneysville, USA) for assistance with semi-quantitative RT-PCR; John McGraw (USDA, ARS, Kearneysville, USA) for assistance with sequence editing and bioinformatics; and Dr. Zuping Yang (USDA-ARS, Kearneysville, USA) for assistance with cloning PCR-amplified SSH-cDNAs. The project was supported by the National Research Initiative of the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service, grant number 2005-35300-15462. Additional support was provided by NutriCore N. E. NR 68 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 7 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1614-2942 J9 TREE GENET GENOMES JI Tree Genet. Genomes PD JAN PY 2009 VL 5 IS 1 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.1007/s11295-008-0164-y PG 14 WC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Forestry; Genetics & Heredity; Agriculture GA 377QG UT WOS:000261265100003 ER PT J AU Ryan, MG Cavaleri, MA Almeida, AC Penchel, R Senock, RS Stape, JL AF Ryan, Michael G. Cavaleri, Molly A. Almeida, Auro C. Penchel, Ricardo Senock, Randy S. Stape, Jose Luiz TI Wood CO2 efflux and foliar respiration for Eucalyptus in Hawaii and Brazil SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon allocation; carbon cycling; forest production; modeling; nutrition; productivity; wood respiration ID TROPICAL RAIN-FOREST; GROSS PRIMARY PRODUCTION; BETWEEN-TREE VARIATION; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; CARBON USE EFFICIENCY; MAINTENANCE RESPIRATION; CONSTANT FRACTION; STEM RESPIRATION; NITROGEN-CONTENT; EXTERNAL FLUXES AB We measured CO2 efflux from wood for Eucalyptus in Hawaii for 7 years and compared these measurements with those on three-and four-and-a-half-year-old Eucalyptus in Brazil. In Hawaii, CO2 efflux from wood per unit biomass declined similar to 10x from age two to age five, twice as much as the decline in tree growth. The CO2 efflux from wood in Brazil was 8-10x lower than that for comparable Hawaii trees with similar growth rates. Growth and maintenance respiration coefficients calculated from Hawaii wood CO2 efflux declined with tree age and size (the growth coefficient declined from 0.4 mol C efflux mol C-1 wood growth at age one to 0.1 mol C efflux mol C-1 wood growth at age six; the maintenance coefficient from 0.006 to 0.001 mu mol C (mol C biomass)(-1) s(-1) at 20 degrees C over the same time period). These results suggest interference with CO2 efflux through bark that decouples CO2 efflux from respiration. We also compared the biomass fractions and wood CO2 efflux for the aboveground woody parts for 3- and 7-year-old trees in Hawaii to estimate how focusing measurements near the ground might bias the stand-level estimates of wood CO2 efflux. Three-year-old Eucalyptus in Hawaii had a higher proportion of branches < 0.5 cm in diameter and a lower proportion of stem biomass than did 7-year-old trees. Biomass-specific CO2 efflux measured at 1.4 m extrapolated to the tree could bias tree level estimates by similar to 50%, assuming no refixation from bark photosynthesis. However, the bias did not differ for the two tree sizes. Foliar respiration was identical per unit nitrogen for comparable treatments in Brazil and Hawaii (4.2 mu mol C mol N-1 s(-1) at 20 degrees C). C1 [Ryan, Michael G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Ryan, Michael G.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Cavaleri, Molly A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Almeida, Auro C.] CSIRO Sustainable Ecosyst, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. [Penchel, Ricardo] Aracruz Celulose SA, Ctr Pesquisa & Tecnol, BR-29197900 Aracruz, ES, Brazil. [Senock, Randy S.] Calif State Univ Chico, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Chico, CA 95929 USA. [Stape, Jose Luiz] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stape, Jose Luiz] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Forest Sci, BR-13418970 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. RP Ryan, MG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 W Prospect St, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM mgryan@fs.fed.us RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; Almeida, Auro/A-4966-2011 OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; FU National Science Foundation [DEB93-06356, DEB97-08521]; Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais; CNPq [306561/2007] FX National Science Foundation DEB93-06356 and DEB97-08521 (Hawaii), and Aracruz Celulose S. A. and the Brazil Eucalyptus Productivity Project (http://www. ipef. br/bepp/) through a grant to Instituto de Pesquisas e Estudos Florestais (IPEF, www. ipef. br) for funding the measurements in Brazil. J. L. S. acknowledges the support of CNPq 306561/2007. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PY 2009 VL 29 IS 10 BP 1213 EP 1222 DI 10.1093/treephys/tpp059 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 499KO UT WOS:000270219200002 PM 19675074 ER PT S AU Nachman, RJ Pietrantonio, PV Coast, GM AF Nachman, Ronald J. Pietrantonio, Patricia V. Coast, Geoffrey M. BE Vaudry, H Roubos, EW Coast, GM Vallarino, M TI Toward the Development of Novel Pest Management Agents Based upon Insect Kinin Neuropeptide Analogues SO TRENDS IN COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY AND NEUROBIOLOGY SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Trends in Comparative Endocrinology and Neurobiology CY SEP 02-06, 2008 CL Genoa, ITALY DE pseudopeptide; diuresis; receptor; agonist; antagonist ID TICK BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; CIS-PEPTIDE BOND; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME; IDENTIFIES OPTIMAL STEREOCHEMISTRY; MOSQUITO AEDES-AEGYPTI; DIURETIC ACTIVITY; MUSCA-DOMESTICA; CONSENSUS CHEMISTRY; ACHETA-DOMESTICUS; FAMILY AB Insect kinin neuropeptides share a common C-terminal pentapeptide sequence Phe(1)-Xaa(1)(2)-Xaa(2)(3)-Trp(4)-Gly(5)-NH2 (Xaa(1)(2) = His, Asn, Phe, Ser or Tyr; Xaa(2)(3) = Pro, Ser or Ala) and have been isolated from a number of insects. They have been associated with the regulation of such diverse processes as hindgut contraction, diuresis, and the release of digestive enzymes. In this review, the chemical, conformational, and stereochemical aspects of the activity of the insect kinins with expressed receptors and/or biological assays are reviewed. With this information, both nonselective and selective biostable analogues have been designed that protect peptidase-susceptible sites in the insect kinin sequence and demonstrate significant retention of activity in both receptor and biological assays. C-terminal aldehyde insect kinin analogues modify the activity of the insect kinins, leading to inhibition of weight gain and mortality in corn earworm larvae and selective inhibition of diuresis in the housefly. Promising mimetic analogue leads in the development of selective agents capable of disrupting insect kinin-regulated processes have been identified that may provide interesting tools for arthropod endocrinologists and new pest insect management strategies in the future. C1 [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. [Pietrantonio, Patricia V.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Entomol, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Coast, Geoffrey M.] Univ London, Birkbeck Coll, Sch Biol & Chem Sci, London, England. RP Nachman, RJ (reprint author), USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res Unit, So Plains Agr Res Ctr, 2881 F-B Rd, College Stn, TX 77845 USA. EM nachman@tamu.edu NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0077-8923 BN 978-1-57331-671-2 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2009 VL 1163 BP 251 EP 261 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03633.x PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BJJ61 UT WOS:000266493400023 PM 19456346 ER PT S AU Janssen, T Meelkop, E Nachman, RJ Schoofs, L AF Janssen, Tom Meelkop, Ellen Nachman, Ronald J. Schoofs, Liliane BE Vaudry, H Roubos, EW Coast, GM Vallarino, M TI Evolutionary Conservation of the Cholecystokinin/Gastrin Signaling System in Nematodes SO TRENDS IN COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY AND NEUROBIOLOGY SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Trends in Comparative Endocrinology and Neurobiology CY SEP 02-06, 2008 CL Genoa, ITALY DE cholecystokinin; receptor; nematode; evolution ID GASTRIN; EXPRESSION AB Members of the cholecystokinin (CCK)/gastrin family of peptides, including the arthropod sulfakinins and their cognate receptors, play an important role in the regulation of feeding behavior and energy homeostasis. By using the potential Caenorhabditis elegans CCK receptors as bait, we have isolated and identified two CCK-like neuropeptides as the endogenous ligands of these nematode receptors. Both receptors and ligands share a high degree of sequence similarity with their vertebrate and arthropod counterparts and also display similar biological activities with respect to digestive enzyme secretion and fat storage. Our data indicate that the CCK/gastrin signaling system was already well established prior to the divergence of protostomes and deuterostomes. C1 [Janssen, Tom; Meelkop, Ellen; Schoofs, Liliane] Katholieke Univ Leuven, Funct Genom & Prote Unit, Dept Biol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. [Nachman, Ronald J.] USDA, Areawide Pest Management Res, Plains Agr Res Ctr, College Stn, TX USA. RP Janssen, T (reprint author), Katholieke Univ Leuven, Funct Genom & Prote Unit, Dept Biol, B-3000 Louvain, Belgium. EM Tom.Janssen@bio.kuleuven.be RI Meelkop, Ellen/G-3052-2012 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXEN, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 BN 978-1-57331-671-2 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2009 VL 1163 BP 428 EP 432 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03649.x PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BJJ61 UT WOS:000266493400055 PM 19456378 ER PT J AU Poland, JA Balint-Kurti, PJ Wisser, RJ Pratt, RC Nelson, RJ AF Poland, Jesse A. Balint-Kurti, Peter J. Wisser, Randall J. Pratt, Richard C. Nelson, Rebecca J. TI Shades of gray: the world of quantitative disease resistance SO TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Review ID NECROTROPHIC FUNGAL PATHOGENS; SYSTEMIC ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; PLANT IMMUNE-SYSTEM; ORYZAE PV.-ORYZAE; ZEA-MAYS L.; TRAIT LOCI; ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA; BOTRYTIS-CINEREA; RUST RESISTANCE; LATE BLIGHT AB A thorough understanding of quantitative disease resistance (QDR) would contribute to the design and deployment of durably resistant crop cultivars. However, the molecular mechanisms that control QDR remain poorly understood, largely due to the incomplete and inconsistent nature of the resistance phenotype, which is usually conditioned by many loci of small effect. Here, we discuss recent advances in research on QDR. Based on inferences from analyses of the defense response and from the few isolated QDR genes, we suggest several plausible hypotheses for a range of mechanisms underlying QDR. We propose that a new generation of genetic resources, complemented by careful phenotypic analysis, will produce a deeper understanding of plant defense and more effective utilization of natural resistance alleles. C1 [Poland, Jesse A.; Nelson, Rebecca J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Balint-Kurti, Peter J.] N Carolina State Univ, USDA ARS, Plant Sci Res Unit, Dept Plant Pathol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Pratt, Richard C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Hort & Crop Sci, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Nelson, Rebecca J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Pathol & Plant Microbe Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Nelson, RJ (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Plant Breeding & Genet, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM rjn7@cornell.edu OI Balint-Kurti, Peter/0000-0002-3916-194X; Poland, Jesse/0000-0002-7856-1399 FU CG1AR Generation Challenge Program; McKnight Foundation; Cornell University; United States Department of Agriculture (USDA); Agricultural Research Service (ARS); USDA National Research Initiative; North Carolina Corn Growers Association FX We appreciate helpful comments from Seth Murray. Funding was provided by the CG1AR Generation Challenge Program, the McKnight Foundation, Cornell University, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Agricultural Research Service (ARS), the USDA National Research Initiative and the North Carolina Corn Growers Association. NR 91 TC 195 Z9 197 U1 4 U2 89 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1360-1385 J9 TRENDS PLANT SCI JI Trends Plant Sci. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 14 IS 1 BP 21 EP 29 DI 10.1016/j.tplants.2008.10.006 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 402LK UT WOS:000263015000004 PM 19062327 ER PT J AU Mennan, S Handoo, Z Ecevit, O AF Mennan, Sevilhan Handoo, Zafar Ecevit, Osman TI Distribution and infestation rate of cyst nematodes (Tylenchida: Heteroderidae) in cabbage growing areas in Samsun SO TURKIYE ENTOMOLOJI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGY LA Turkish DT Article DE Heterodera; cyst nematodes; cabbages ID CRUCIFERAE; MORPHOMETRICS; MEDITERRANEA; POPULATIONS AB It was observed that 45 of 101 fields were infected with cyst nematodes in Samsun, by surveying cabbages growing areas at 2002-2006. The most common species were identified Heterodera cruciferae Franklin (77,70 %) and Heterodera mediterrenae Vovlas, Inserra & Stone were found as a rate of 20,00 % by using cysts and second stage juveniles. The fields infested with both species were rare. White and red head cabbage varieties were infected with H. cruciferae as a same rate (45,71 %) but kale was found the least infested one. Red and white head cabbage fields were infested with H. mediterranae 77,78 % and 22,22 % respectively, but any kale fields infested with this nematode were not determined. C1 [Mennan, Sevilhan; Ecevit, Osman] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Ziraat Fak, Bitki Koruma Bolumu, TR-55139 Samsun, Turkey. [Handoo, Zafar] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. RP Mennan, S (reprint author), Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Ziraat Fak, Bitki Koruma Bolumu, TR-55139 Samsun, Turkey. EM smennan@omu.edu.tr NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC TURKEY, EGE UNIV PI BORNOVA IZMIR PA ZIRAAT FAKULTESI, BITKI KORUMA BOLUMU, BORNOVA IZMIR, 00000, TURKEY SN 1010-6960 J9 TURK ENTOMOL DERG-TU JI Turk. Entomol. Derg.-Turk. J. Entomol. PY 2009 VL 33 IS 4 BP 289 EP 303 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 534MA UT WOS:000272900000005 ER PT J AU Larsen, GL AF Larsen, Gary L. BE Dillard, J Dujon, V King, MC TI An Inquiry Into the Theoretical Basis of Sustainability Ten Propositions SO UNDERSTANDING THE SOCIAL DIMENSION OF SUSTAINABILITY SE Routledge Studies in Development and Society LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PERSPECTIVES C1 [Larsen, Gary L.] UN Earth Summit, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Larsen, Gary L.] USDA, Washington, DC USA. RP Larsen, GL (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI LONDON PA 11 NEW FETTER LANE, LONDON EC4P 4EE, ENGLAND BN 978-0-203-89297-8 J9 ROUTL STUD DEV SOC PY 2009 VL 17 BP 45 EP 82 PG 38 WC Environmental Studies; Planning & Development; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public Administration; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BNR92 UT WOS:000275336800003 ER PT J AU Mason, PW Grubman, MJ AF Mason, Peter W. Grubman, Marvin J. BE Barrett, ADT Stanberry, LR TI Foot-and-Mouth Disease SO VACCINES FOR BIODEFENSE AND EMERGING AND NEGLECTED DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VIRUS CAPSID PROTEINS; INDUCE NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; PRECURSOR POLYPEPTIDE P1; HUMAN ADENOVIRUS TYPE-5; MAJOR IMMUNOGENIC SITE; PARTIAL PROTECTION; SUBUNIT VACCINE; HETEROLOGOUS SYSTEMS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES AB Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a devastating disease of livestock that has had a significant impact on world economies and public health. Its importance to mankind is confirmed by the fact that FMD virus (FMDV) was the first animal virus discovered, and that FMD was among the first animal diseases for which vaccines were developed. Due to its rapid spread and the high cost of eradication campaigns, countries that are free of the disease are susceptible to huge economic losses if the disease were to be introduced either accidentally or deliberately in an act of agroterrorism. Vaccines developed in the 1950s and 1960s have helped to control this scourge in many nations, and these products have been further developed and refined over the last 30 years. Although these vaccines are very useful as part of eradication campaigns in countries where FMDV is enzootic, it is not feasible to use these products in prophylactic vaccination of entire regions. In addition, these vaccines are not ideally suited to control outbreaks in disease-free countries. Thus, for the portions of the world that are currently FMD free, there is a need for new vaccines that can be applied in the areas surrounding an outbreak to rapidly dampen the spread of infection. Although the market for this type of vaccine is small, there are several groups trying to satisfy this important need. This chapter will detail the history of FMD vaccine development emphasizing recent advances and prospects for future development. C1 [Mason, Peter W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Mason, Peter W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX USA. [Grubman, Marvin J.] ARS, USDA, Plum Isl Anim Dis Ctr, Greenport, NY USA. RP Mason, PW (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 99 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-091902-7 PY 2009 BP 361 EP 377 DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-369408-9.00022-6 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA BCR60 UT WOS:000311106000024 ER PT S AU Kapczynski, DR Swayne, DE AF Kapczynski, Darrell R. Swayne, David E. BE Compans, RW Orenstein, WA TI Influenza Vaccines for Avian Species SO VACCINES FOR PANDEMIC INFLUENZA SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID OIL-EMULSION VACCINES; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; RECOMBINANT FOWLPOX VIRUS; EXPRESSING H5 HEMAGGLUTININ; CD8(+) T-CELLS; PROTECTS CHICKENS; LETHAL H5N1; INACTIVATED VACCINES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE AB Beginning in Southeast Asia in 2003, a multinational epizootic outbreak of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) was identified in commercial poultry and wild bird species. This lineage, originally identified in Southern China in 1996 and then Hong Kong in 1997, caused severe morbidity and mortality in many bird species, was responsible for considerable economic losses via trade restrictions, and crossed species barriers (including its recovery from human cases). To date, these H5N1 HPAI viruses have been isolated in European, Middle Eastern, and African countries, and are considered endemic in many areas where regulatory control and different production sectors face substantial hurdles in controlling the spread of this disease. While control of avian influenza (AI) virus infections in wild bird populations may not be feasible at this point, control and eradiation of At from commercial, semicommercial, zoo, pet, and village/backyard birds will be critical to preventing events that could lead to the emergence of epizootic influenza virus. Efficacious vaccines can help reduce disease, viral shedding, and transmission to susceptible cohorts. However, only when vaccines are used in a comprehensive program including biosecurity, education, culling, diagnostics and surveillance can control and eradication be considered achievable goals. In humans, protection against influenza is provided by vaccines that are chosen based on molecular, epidemiologic, and antigenic data. In poultry and other birds, AI vaccines are produced against a specific hemagglutinin subtype of AI, and use is decided by government and state agricultural authorities based on risk and economic considerations, including the potential for trade restrictions. In the current H5N1 HPAI epizootic, vaccines have been used in a variety of avian species as a part of an overall control program to aid in disease management and control. C1 [Kapczynski, Darrell R.; Swayne, David E.] USDA ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, S Atlantic Area, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Kapczynski, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS, Exot & Emerging Avian Viral Dis Res Unit, SE Poultry Res Lab, S Atlantic Area, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM darrell.kapczynski@ars.usda.gov NR 102 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-540-92164-6 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2009 VL 333 BP 133 EP 152 DI 10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_6 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3 PG 20 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA BKY26 UT WOS:000269608300006 PM 19768403 ER PT S AU Sylte, MJ Suarez, DL AF Sylte, Matthew J. Suarez, David L. BE Compans, RW Orenstein, WA TI Influenza Neuraminidase as a Vaccine Antigen SO VACCINES FOR PANDEMIC INFLUENZA SE Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA; BROADENED IMMUNE-RESPONSE; A VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ; HELPER T-CELLS; LETHAL INFLUENZA; N2 NEURAMINIDASE; VIRAL NEURAMINIDASE; IMMUNOLOGICAL RESPONSE; SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; INHIBITING ANTIBODIES AB The neuraminidase protein of influenza viruses is a surface glycoprotein that shows enzymatic activity to remove sialic acid, the viral receptor, from both viral and host proteins. The removal of sialic acid from viral proteins plays a key role in the release of the virus from the cell by preventing the aggregation of the virus by the hemagglutinin protein binding to other viral proteins. Antibodies to the neuraminidase protein can be protective alone in animal challenge studies, but the neuraminidase antibodies appear to provide protection in a different manner than antibodies to the hemagglutinin protein. Neutralizing antibodies to the hemagglutinin protein can directly block virus entry, but protective antibodies to the neuraminidase protein are thought to primarily aggregate virus on the cell surface, effectively reducing the amount of virus released from infected cells. The neuraminidase protein can be divided into nine distinct antigenic subtypes, where there is little cross-protection of antibodies between subtypes. All nine subtypes of neuraminidase protein are commonly found in avian influenza viruses, but only selected subtypes are routinely found in mammalian influenza viruses; for example, only the N1 and N2 subtypes are commonly found in both humans and swine. Even within a subtype, the neuraminidase protein can have a high level of antigenic drift, and vaccination has to specifically be targeted to the circulating strain to give optimal protection. The levels of neuraminidase antibody also appear to be critical for protection, and there is concern that human influenza vaccines do not include enough neuraminidase protein to induce a strong protective antibody response. The neuraminidase protein has also become an important target for antiviral drugs that target sialic acid binding which blocks neuraminidase enzyme activity. Two different antiviral drugs are available and are widely used for the treatment of seasonal influenza in humans, but antiviral resistance appears to be a growing concern for this class of antivirals. C1 [Suarez, David L.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Sylte, Matthew J.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Suarez, DL (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM David.Suarez@ars.usda.gov NR 92 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 978-3-540-92164-6 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 2009 VL 333 BP 227 EP 241 DI 10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3_12 D2 10.1007/978-3-540-92165-3 PG 15 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA BKY26 UT WOS:000269608300012 PM 19768409 ER PT J AU Rabinowitz, P Scotch, M Conti, L AF Rabinowitz, Peter Scotch, Matthew Conti, Lisa TI Human and animal sentinels for shared health risks SO VETERINARIA ITALIANA LA English DT Article DE Animal; Biodiversity; Comparative medicine; Environment; Genomics; Health; Medical informatics; Medicine; One Health; Sentinel; Surveillance; Zoonosis ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; MINAMATA DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; AGENTS AB The tracking of sentinel health events in humans in order to detect and manage disease risks facing a larger population is a well accepted technique applied to influenza, Occupational conditions and emerging infectious diseases. Similarly, animal health professionals routinely track disease events in sentinel animal colonies and sentinel herds. The use of animals as sentinels for human health threats, or Of humans as sentinels for animal disease risk, dates back at least to the era when coal miners brought caged canaries into mines to provide early warning of toxic gases. Yet the full potential of linking animal and human health information to provide warning Of Such 'shared risks' from environmental hazards has not been realised. Reasons appear to include the professional segregation Of human and animal health communities, the separation of human and animal surveillance data and evidence gaps in the linkages between human and animal responses to environmental health hazards. The 'One Health initiative' and growing international collaboration in response to pandemic threats, coupled with development in the fields of informatics and genomics, hold promise for improved sentinel event coordination in order to detect and reduce environmental health threats shared between species. C1 [Rabinowitz, Peter] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Yale Occupat & Environm Med Program, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Scotch, Matthew] USDA, VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. [Conti, Lisa] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Environm Hlth, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. RP Rabinowitz, P (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Yale Occupat & Environm Med Program, 135 Coll St,3rd Floor, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. EM pmr9@email.med.yale.edu RI Scotch, Matthew/A-8460-2013 FU Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs; National Library of Medicine Information Systems [1 G08 LM07881-01] FX This material is based upon work Supported in part by the Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, as well as the National Library of Medicine Information Systems Grant 1 G08 LM07881-01. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs or the National Library of Medicine. NR 31 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU IST ZOOPROFILATTICO SPERIMENTALE ABRUZZO & MOLISE G CAPORALE-IZS A&M PI TERAMO PA CAMPO BOARIO, TERAMO, 64100, ITALY SN 0505-401X J9 VET ITAL JI Vet. Ital. PD JAN-MAR PY 2009 VL 45 IS 1 BP 23 EP 34 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 476JQ UT WOS:000268436700003 PM 20148187 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Kunkle, RA Richt, JA Greenlee, JJ Miller, JM AF Hamir, A. N. Kunkle, R. A. Richt, J. A. Greenlee, J. J. Miller, J. M. TI Serial Passage of Sheep Scrapie Inoculum in Suffolk Sheep SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Immunohistochemistry; PrP genetic susceptibility; sheep scrapie strains; transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs); Western blot ID GENETICALLY SUSCEPTIBLE SHEEP; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; PRION PROTEIN; UNITED-STATES; AGENT; ASSOCIATION; DIAGNOSIS; ROUTES AB Scrapie is a naturally occuring fatal neurodegenerative disease of sheep and goats. Susceptibility to the disease is partly dependent upon the genetic makeup of the host. In a recent Study. It was shown that sheep intracerebrally inoculated with a US scrapie agent (No. 13-7) developed scrapie and survived for an average of 19 months Post inoculation. In the present study, when this scrapie inoculum was Further passaged for 3 successive generations, the survival time was reduced by approximately 8 months in scrapie-susceptible (QQ on prion protein gene [PRNP] at codon 171) Suffolk sheep. It is concluded that inoculum No. 13-7 appears to have been stabilized in susceptible (171 QQ) Suffolk sheep and may be considered it specific isolate of sheep scrapie agent in the USA and therefore that it can be Used to evaluate other isolates of sheep scrapie in this country. C1 [Hamir, A. N.; Kunkle, R. A.; Richt, J. A.; Greenlee, J. J.; Miller, J. M.] ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, USDA, 2300 Dayton Ave,POB 70, Ames, IA 50010 USA. EM amir.hamir@ars.usda.gov NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 39 EP 44 PG 6 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 392UD UT WOS:000262326800006 PM 19112113 ER PT J AU Kwon, YK Lipatov, AS Swayne, DE AF Kwon, Y. K. Lipatov, A. S. Swayne, D. E. TI Bronchointerstitial Pneumonia in Guinea Pigs Following Inoculation with H5N1 High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza Virus SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Avian influenza; H5N1; guinea pigs; pneumonia; susceptibility ID INFECTION; FERRETS; HUMANS AB The H5N1 high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have caused widespread disease Of Poultry in Asia, Africa and the Middle East, and sporadic human infections. The guinea pig model has been used to Study human H3N2 and H1N1 influenza viruses, but knowledge is lacking oil H5N1 HPAI Virus infections. Guinea pigs Were inoculated intranasally or intragastrically with A/ Vletnam/1203/04 (VN/04) or A/Muscovy duck/Vietnam/209/05 (MDk/VN/05) Viruses. Mild listlessness was seen Lit 2 and 3 days postinoculation (DPI) in guinea Pigs Inoculated intranasally with VN/04 virus. At 5 DPI, the guinea pigs had bronchointerstitial pneumonia and virus was identified ill bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar macrophages. Virus was isolated from the lungs but was lacking from other organs. Minimal lung lesions were seen in intranasal MDk/VN/06 group and virus was not detected, but serologic evidence of infection was observed. Intragastric exposure failed to produce infection or lesions with either virus. The localized respiratory disease in guinea pigs with H5N1 viruses was very similar to that of H3N2 and H1N1 influenza ill humans and was less severe than reported for H5N1 human cases. C1 [Kwon, Y. K.; Lipatov, A. S.; Swayne, D. E.] ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), ARS, SE Poultry Res Lab, USDA, 934 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM david.swayne@ars.usda.gov FU National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center [RSRD-06-00051]; Department of Homeland Security FX We thank Joan Beck for the organization of experiments and technical support. Kira Moresco, James Doster, and Roger Brock are thanked for assistance in technical aspects of this project. This Study was supported by contract RSRD-06-00051 from the National Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center. Department of Homeland Security. This project was part of a Research Sabbatical conducted by the senior author (Y. K. Kwon). NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 46 IS 1 BP 138 EP 141 PG 4 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 392UD UT WOS:000262326800020 PM 19112127 ER PT S AU Hakk, H Casey, FXM Fan, Z Larsen, GL AF Hakk, H. Casey, F. X. M. Fan, Z. Larsen, G. L. BE Henderson, KL Coats, JR TI A Review of the Fate of Manure-Borne, Land-Applied Hormones SO VETERINARY PHARMACEUTICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 233rd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 25-29, 2007 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Chem Soc ID AGRICULTURAL SOILS; ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS; MUNICIPAL BIOSOLIDS; STW EFFLUENT; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; TESTOSTERONE; PERSISTENCE; WATER; TRANSPORT; SYSTEMS AB The presence of naturally-occurring reproductive hormones in the environment, even at part-per trillion concentrations, may raise significant concerns regarding the health of aquatic organisms. The hormones that have been shown to alter the endocrine systems of animals at low ppt levels are 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone, which are classified as endocrine disrupting compounds. Most hormones are produced and released into the environment through the excreta of humans and of domestic and wild animals at low ppm levels. Because of the potency and the large environmental inputs, the fate and transport of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in soil-water systems need to be elucidated. Research projects were conducted to determine the fate, transport, and sorption of these hormones in soil-water systems, and to begin to develop comprehensive models to describe these various processes. Column studies revealed that both hormones are rapidly sorbed to soil, although 17 beta-estradiol had significantly higher partitioning coefficients than testosterone. Very little testosterone and no 17 beta-estradiol were observed in effluent water of the soil column experiments. Both hormones were redistributed through the soil columns, although the majority of the hormone was sorbed to the top few cm of soil. Degradation of hormones was predominantly a biotic process, and testosterone was degraded more readily than 17 beta-estradiol luring incubation in a wet soil. Fate and transport processes were discerned from these laboratory studies, and were quantified using mathematical models. Despite studies showing that 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone had minimal mobility and were readily degraded, other research has shown that they are regularly detected in surface and ground water. Therefore, hypotheses need to be developed and tested to explain the consistent appearance of 17 beta-estradiol and testosterone in ground and surface waters. C1 [Hakk, H.; Larsen, G. L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Hakk, H (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RI Casey, Francis/A-2135-2010 OI Casey, Francis/0000-0002-6035-7234 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6962-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1018 BP 11 EP 25 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BVN46 UT WOS:000291963700002 ER PT S AU Smith, DJ Oliver, CE Hakk, H Anderson, RC Larsen, GL AF Smith, D. J. Oliver, C. E. Hakk, H. Anderson, R. C. Larsen, G. L. BE Henderson, KL Coats, JR TI Fate of Chlorate Salts Excreted from Animals SO VETERINARY PHARMACEUTICALS IN THE ENVIRONMENT SE ACS Symposium Series LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 233rd National Meeting of the Cellulose-and-Renewable-Materials-Division of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 25-29, 2007 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Chem Soc (ACS), Cellulose & Renewable Mat Div ID TOTAL RADIOACTIVE RESIDUES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; SODIUM-CHLORATE; BEEF-CATTLE; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; ENTERITIDIS INFECTIONS; KCLO3 APPLICATIONS; ANAEROBIC GROWTH AB Colonization of food animals with human pathogens such as Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella has been a bane to the food animal industry for years. In the United States, E. coli O157:H7 is considered an adulterant, and meat animal products contaminated with the pathogen must be disposed at great cost to the producer. A new pre-harvest food safety technology, based upon the oral administration of chlorate salts to food animals, selectively eliminates gram-negative pathogens such as E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella species in economically important livestock species. Residue trials have demonstrated that chlorate salts are rapidly and extensively eliminated as parent chlorate in the excreta of cattle, swine, and broilers. Under proposed dosing regimens, environmental burdens of excreted chlorate could be significant, especially in areas of intensive food animal production. Chlorate is highly water soluble and its transport through soil columns was not restricted by a variety of soils composed of mixtures of barns, clays, or sands. In soil column studies, chlorate was sparingly converted to chloride ion by a few soil types, but in batch studies utilizing a mixture of soil, urine, and feces, chlorate was rapidly reduced to chloride under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Rapid reduction under in vitro conditions implies a short environmental half-life of chlorate for most animal production waste-management systems. C1 [Smith, D. J.; Hakk, H.; Larsen, G. L.] USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. RP Smith, DJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, Biosci Res Lab, 1605 Albrecht Blvd, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0097-6156 BN 978-0-8412-6962-0 J9 ACS SYM SER JI ACS Symp. Ser. PY 2009 VL 1018 BP 27 EP 44 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA BVN46 UT WOS:000291963700003 ER PT S AU Smith, BJ AF Smith, B. J. BE LopezMedina, J TI Influence of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium on the Severity of Strawberry Anthracnose Crown Rot SO VI INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Strawberry Symposium CY AUG 31, 2009 CL Huelva, SPAIN DE Fragaria x ananassa; Colletotrichum fragariae; anthracnose fruit rot; Colletotrichum acutatum AB The influence of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium on the severity of anthracnose crown rot (causal fungus, Colletotrichum fragariae) was evaluated in three greenhouse studies. Strawberry plants were grown in a greenhouse, fertilized three times weekly with a modified Hoagland's Nutrient Solution containing the nutrient treatment solution, and inoculated with a suspension of C. fragariae conidia eight weeks after treatment applications began. Disease severity was rated 30 days after inoculation on a scale of 0 (no symptoms) to 6 (plant dead). In the first study 16 treatments were evaluated: eight nitrogen levels (0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, 160 and 320 ppm) with either low phosphorus (8.7 ppm) and potassium (16.6 ppm) or high phosphorus (35.8 ppm) and potassium (66.4 ppm). Disease severity scores increased as nitrogen level increased, but the level of phosphorus and potassium did not have a significant effect on disease severity scores. In two other studies, seven nitrogen sources were each evaluated at three rates. Plants receiving 160 ppm N had higher disease severity scores than plants receiving 0 or 40 ppm N. Among plants receiving 160 ppm N, those treated with Ca(NO3)(2) were the most disease tolerant. Plants treated with nitrate nitrogen sources, including NH4NO3, had less severe anthracnose symptoms than plants receiving nitrogen from other ammonium sources. These results suggest that when nitrogen fertilizer is applied to strawberry fields as calcium nitrate, anthracnose crown rot severity should be less severe than when nitrogen is applied in ammonium forms. C1 ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Small Fruit Res Unit, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. RP Smith, BJ (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Hort Lab, Small Fruit Res Unit, Poplarville, MS 39470 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-642-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 842 BP 235 EP 238 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW19 UT WOS:000305697600037 ER PT S AU Hummer, KE AF Hummer, K. E. BE LopezMedina, J TI Global Conservation of Strawberries: a Strategy Is Formed SO VI INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Strawberry Symposium CY AUG 31, 2009 CL Huelva, SPAIN DE Fragaria xananassa; plant genetic resources; germplasm; International Treaty AB Strawberry was listed in the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources, Annex 1, as a crop of global horticultural significance. The Global Crop Diversity Trust and Bioversity International requested that a global conservation strategy be developed for strawberry. A coordinator was appointed and an international expert committee meeting was held July 5 to 8, 2006, at the US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Clonal Germplasm Repository, Corvallis, Oregon. A questionnaire about strawberry holdings was sent to 537 international strawberry contacts. Responses were received from 37 locations in 27 countries. More than 12,000 accessions of species and cultivated strawberries are maintained at respondent locations. Roughly half of the accessions represent advanced breeding lines of the cultivated hybrid strawberry, F. xananassa. Six major genebanks (US, Canada, Russian Federation, Chile, Germany, and Spain) of the 20 genebanks respondents had collections of 500 accessions or more. Private corporations maintain >15,000 proprietary strawberries for internal use that are unavailable for distribution. Primary collections at national genebanks consist of living plants protected in containers in greenhouses, screenhouses, tube structures, or planted in fields. Secondary backup collections are maintained in vitro under refrigeration. Long-term backup collections of meristems are placed in cryogenic storage at remote locations to provide decades of security. Species diversity is represented by seedlots stored in -18 degrees C or backed-up in cryogenics. The committee recommended that the capacity building of two genebanks be supported in Asia and South America. Limited resources are constraining genebanks from sufficient personnel, pathogen-free plants, secure backup, adequate facilities, and equipment. The committee also recommended that a granting system to improve facilities for and health of accessible genebank strawberries, funding for training of genebank staff in standard protocols, and coordination of characterization data using a common ontology and a web-accessible inventory should also be supported. C1 ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, USDA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS Natl Clonal Germplasm Repository, USDA, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-642-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 842 BP 577 EP 580 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW19 UT WOS:000305697600122 ER PT S AU Takeda, F Glenn, DM Stutte, GW AF Takeda, F. Glenn, D. M. Stutte, G. W. BE LopezMedina, J TI Flower Bud Formation in Short-Day Strawberry Cultivar under Non-Photo Inductive Conditions SO VI INTERNATIONAL STRAWBERRY SYMPOSIUM SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Strawberry Symposium CY AUG 31, 2009 CL Huelva, SPAIN DE Fragaria; LED; transplant; propagation; light; canopy AB A scheme for producing short-day type strawberry cultivars that initiate flowers under long-day photoperiod was used to investigate the flower bud induction. When runner tips of short-day type 'Carmine' were started as plug plants in early July and field planted 1 September 86% of transplants flowered by mid October. When the July-plugged transplants were retained in tray flats at high plant density during July and August the leaves formed a full canopy or high leaf area index above the plant crowns and the crown near the base of leaf petioles was completely in the shade. A spectral analysis showed that wavelengths less than 700 nm did not reach the crown because of chlorophyll absorbance. Illuminating the crown for 16 h.day(-1) for 4 weeks in August with 662 nm light decreased transplants that flowered by mid October. The results suggest that fall-flowering transplants of short-day strawberries were produced by rooting runner tips in early July and having a plant canopy that alters the quality of light that illuminates the crown. C1 [Takeda, F.; Glenn, D. M.] ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Stutte, G. W.] Dynamac Corp, Space Life Sci Lab, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. RP Takeda, F (reprint author), ARS, Appalachian Fruit Res Stn, USDA, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. FU North American Strawberry Research Foundation FX This research was partially funded by a grant from the North American Strawberry Research Foundation. We are grateful to staff at the Appalachian Fruit Research Station and the University of Maryland Wye Research and Education Center for their technical assistance NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-642-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 842 BP 761 EP 764 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW19 UT WOS:000305697600166 ER PT S AU Bassil, NV Postman, J Hummer, K Botu, M Sezer, A AF Bassil, N. V. Postman, J. Hummer, K. Botu, M. Sezer, A. BE Varvaro, L Franco, S TI SSR Fingerprinting Panel Verifies Identities of Clones in Backup Hazelnut Collection of USDA Genebank SO VII INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON HAZELNUT SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Congress on Hazelnut CY OCT 31, 2009 CL Viterbo, ITALY DE Corylus; filbert; microsatellite; germplasm; fingerprinting set ID EASTERN FILBERT BLIGHT; CORYLUS-AVELLANA L.; MARKERS AB The US Department of Agriculture (USDA), Agricultural Research Service maintains a genebank representing world hazelnut (Corylus L.) diversity. More than 670 clones are preserved as self-rooted trees in a two-hectare field planting in Corvallis, Oregon, with a single tree per accession. In 1996 and 1997, prior to the spread of eastern filbert blight caused by Anisogramma anomala to within 75 kilometers of Corvallis, a backup collection was established in Parlier, California. A core collection of 184 genotypes representing the wide taxonomic, geographic and phenotypic diversity of Corylus was targeted for this second planting. Two trees of each 'core' genotype were grafted onto seedling rootstocks over a period of five years and an orchard was established in Parlier. The grafted trees in Parlier are at risk of identity problems due to suckers arising from below the graft union. In May 2007, young leaves were collected from 29 Parlier trees that exhibited uncharacteristic morphological phenotypes. A set of 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers was used to fingerprint trees in the backup collection, and the results were compared to the fingerprints of the same accessions in the Corvallis collection. Based on the results, misidentified accessions will be eliminated and the fingerprinting set will be refined further. C1 [Bassil, N. V.; Postman, J.; Hummer, K.] ARS, USDA, NCGR, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RP Bassil, NV (reprint author), ARS, USDA, NCGR, 33447 Peoria Rd, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. RI Botu, Mihai/F-6698-2016; OI Botu, Mihai/0000-0002-6371-3433 NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-712-8 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 845 BP 95 EP 102 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW16 UT WOS:000305695500009 ER PT S AU Tarara, JM AF Tarara, J. M. BE Fernandez, E DiazEspejo, A TI Apparent Errors in Sap Flow Measurements at High Transpiration Rates by Modified Heat-Balance Gauges on Woody Vine (Vitis) Stems SO VII INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON SAP FLOW SE Acta Horticulturae LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Workshop on Sap Flow CY NOV 30, 2009 CL Sevilla, SPAIN DE sap gauge; gas exchange; gravimetric; water use; whole-plant chamber; grape ID WATER-USE; GRAPEVINES; PLANTS AB Heat-balance sap flow gauges were configured to produce a more thermally uniform stem cross-section under high flow rates. On mature grapevines (Vitis labruscana; leaf area per vine <= 27 m(2)) either undisturbed in the field or transplanted to large containers (ca. 1 m(3) volume) that were monitored on a balance, custom-built gauges (stem diam. <= 46 mm) under variable power were run simultaneously with a whole-plant gas exchange system. Transpiration (Tr) varied from about 80 g h(-1) overnight to daily maxima approaching 2100 g h(-1) (container vines) and 2700 g h(-1) (field vines). In container vines, instantaneous estimates of Tr (6.00 to 20.00 local standard time [HR]) agreed most closely between gas exchange and gravimetry (Spearman Rank R = 0.96; p < 0.05). Estimates of Tr were correlated significantly between sap flow and gas exchange (R = 0.94; p < 0.05), and between sap flow and gravimetry (R = 0.88; p < 0.05). On average, cumulative estimates of Tr over 24h (17 to 19 L d(-1)) agreed within 5% (gravimetry vs. gas exchange) and within 17% (sap gauge vs. gas exchange or gravimetry). Instantaneous estimates of Tr for field vines were correlated significantly (p < 0.05) between sap flow and gas exchange (R = 0.87). Cumulative water use per vine was 18 to 22 L d(-1); estimation methods differed on average by 15%. In both container and field vines, sap flow gauges underestimated high mid-day rates of Tr consistently, due in part to the choice of power input. The open-loop power control algorithm maintained upstream-downstream surface temperature differences between 1.5 and 2 degrees C during midday, but the algorithm was not responsive enough to the very rapid rate of change in Tr for about two hours during the morning, resulting in anomalous overestimates of Tr. C1 ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA USA. RP Tarara, JM (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Hort Crops Res Unit, Prosser, WA USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU INT SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI LEUVEN 1 PA PO BOX 500, 3001 LEUVEN 1, BELGIUM SN 0567-7572 BN 978-90-6605-682-4 J9 ACTA HORTIC PY 2009 VL 846 BP 193 EP 200 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences; Horticulture SC Plant Sciences; Agriculture GA BAW14 UT WOS:000305694500020 ER PT B AU Suttie, JW AF Suttie, John W. BE Suttie, JW TI Historical Background SO VITAMIN K IN HEALTH AND DISEASE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DIETARY HEMORRHAGIC-DISEASE; VITAMIN-K DEFICIENCY; SCURVY-LIKE DISEASE; ANTIHEMORRHAGIC VITAMIN; CHEMICAL NATURE; CHICK DISEASE; BABY CHICKS; PROTHROMBIN; PURIFICATION; DISCOVERY C1 [Suttie, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Suttie, John W.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Suttie, John W.] US FDA, Blood Prod Advisory Comm, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Suttie, John W.] USDA, Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol, NAREEE Advisory Board, ILSI,Food Nutr & Safety Comm, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Suttie, JW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biochem, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 72 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-0-8493-3392-7 PY 2009 BP 1 EP 12 PG 12 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA BKK15 UT WOS:000268358500001 ER PT J AU Cancado, GMA Ribeiro, AP Pineros, MA Miyata, LY Alvarenga, AA Villa, F Pasqual, M Purgatto, E AF Cancado, G. M. A. Ribeiro, A. P. Pineros, M. A. Miyata, L. Y. Alvarenga, A. A. Villa, F. Pasqual, M. Purgatto, E. TI Evaluation of aluminium tolerance in grapevine rootstocks SO VITIS LA English DT Article DE Vitis spp.; abiotic stress; aluminum-tolerance; aluminum-toxicity; organic acid exudation; root growth ID TRITICUM-AESTIVUM L; WHEAT; TOXICITY; TRANSPORTER; PLANTS; MAIZE; RESISTANCE; MECHANISMS; PHYSIOLOGY; CULTIVARS AB Aluminum (Al) toxicity is a major worldwide agricultural problem. At low pH, Al speciates into the soluble and phyto-toxic form Al(3+), inhibiting the root growth and affecting plant development. In Brazil, agriculture in acidic soils with elevated concentration of Al has significantly increased in the last decades. Therefore, in order to achieve efficient agriculture practices, the selection of plant cultivars with improved Al resistance has become crucial in this type of soils. In this work we have evaluated the Al resistance of six genotypes of grapevine rootstocks. The grapevine hardwood cuttings were grown in nutrient solution in the absence and presence of 250 and 500 mu M Al at pH 4.2. The phenotypic indexes of relative root growth, fresh and dry root weight, root area, hematoxylin staining profile, and Al content were evaluated for all six genotypes. These phenotypic indexes allowed us to identify the 'Kober 5BB', 'Gravesac', 'Paulsen 1103', and 'IAC 766' grapevine rootstocks genotypes as the ones with the highest resistance to Al. Likewise, 'IAC 572' and 'R110' genotypes were the most Al-sensitive cultivars. We evaluated the root organic acid exudation profile in the most Al-resistant ('Kober 5BB') and most Al-sensitive ('R110') in plantlets cultivated in vitro in the absence and presence of 100, 200, and 400 mu M of Al. Among several compounds detected, citrate was the only organic acid related to the Al resistance phenotype observed in the 'Kober 5BB' genotype. The high constitutive citrate exudation observed in 'Kober 5BB' strongly suggests that exudation of this particular organic acid may impart Al-resistance/a melioration in grapevine. C1 [Cancado, G. M. A.; Ribeiro, A. P.; Alvarenga, A. A.] Agr Res Agcy Minas Gerais EPAMIG, Plant Biotechnol Lab, BR-37780000 Caldas, MG, Brazil. [Pineros, M. A.] Cornell Univ, USDA ARS, Robert W Holley Ctr Agr & Hlth, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Miyata, L. Y.; Villa, F.; Pasqual, M.] Univ Fed Lavras, Dept Agr, Lavras, Brazil. [Purgatto, E.] Univ Sao Paulo, Dept Food & Expt Nutr, BR-09500900 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Cancado, GMA (reprint author), Agr Res Agcy Minas Gerais EPAMIG, Plant Biotechnol Lab, BR-37780000 Caldas, MG, Brazil. EM cancado@epamig.br RI Cancado, Geraldo/C-9090-2015; Purgatto, Eduardo/C-7707-2009; OI Purgatto, Eduardo/0000-0002-7372-1197; Pineros, Miguel/0000-0002-7166-1848 NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU JKI-INSTITUT REBENZUCHTUNG PI SIEBELDINGEN PA GEILWEILERHOF, D-76833 SIEBELDINGEN, GERMANY SN 0042-7500 J9 VITIS JI Vitis PY 2009 VL 48 IS 4 BP 167 EP 173 PG 7 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA 508GG UT WOS:000270917100003 ER PT J AU Carroll, JA Allee, GL AF Carroll, J. A. Allee, G. L. BE Torrallardona, D Roura, E TI Hormonal control of feed intake in swine SO VOLUNTARY FEED INTAKE IN PIGS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE appetite; somatotrophic axis; neuropeptides; glucocorticoids ID AGOUTI-RELATED PROTEIN; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; IGF-BINDING PROTEINS; AMPHETAMINE-REGULATED TRANSCRIPT; INSULIN-INDUCED HYPOGLYCEMIA; GH SECRETAGOGUE RECEPTOR; PORCINE ADIPOSE-TISSUE; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; LEPTIN RECEPTOR AB Voluntary feed intake is controlled by a plethora of factors including, but not limited to, day length, social interactions, environmental conditions, oronasal sensory cues (i.e. taste, smell, texture), gastrointestinal fill, health status, metabolic status, dietary composition, drug interactions, exercise (physical activity), mental status (i.e. depression) and gender. However, most, if not all, of these factors can mediate the hormonal milieu within the body that can ultimately control feeding behaviour. Therefore, the focus of this chapter will be on hormonal control of voluntary feed intake in swine. For detailed information pertaining to other factors that affect voluntary feed intake in swine such as perinatal flavour programming, oronasal chemosensory cues, metabolism, antinutritional factors, social interactions, environmental conditions and pathogen exposure, the reader is referred to the accompanying chapters within this book. With regard to hormonal regulation, voluntary feed intake is controlled by intricate and diverse afferent and efferent communication pathways that transmit hormonal and neural messages throughout the body that ultimately reflect the status of the body's energy balance to the hypothalamus. Collectively, these signals are responsible for coordinating a delicate balance between energy utilisation and energy intake in order to maintain energy homeostasis. Some of these biological messages such as glucose and cholecystokinin tend to be more reflective of short-term energy balances associated with food consumption, whereas others, such as insulin and leptin tend to be more reflective of long-term energy stores within the body. While numerous hormones have been shown to be involved in feed intake, this chapter will focus on hormones associated with the control of feed intake specifically in swine with supporting information generated in other species. Specifically, information will be provided on the relationship between feed intake and the somatotrophic axis, the appetite stimulating affects of ghrelin, orexin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AGRP), and the appetite suppressive effects of leptin and urocortin. Additionally, information will be presented related to the potential effects of glucocorticoids on appetite stimulation in swine. C1 [Carroll, J. A.] USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. [Allee, G. L.] Univ Missouri, Div Anim Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Carroll, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Livestock Issues Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79403 USA. EM Jeff.Carroll@ars.usda.gov RI Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013 NR 162 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WAGENINGEN ACAD PUBL PI WAGENINGEN PA POSTBUS 220, 6700 AE WAGENINGEN, NETHERLANDS BN 978-90-8686-689-2 PY 2009 BP 155 EP 187 D2 10.3921/978-90-8686-689-2 PG 33 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Veterinary Sciences SC Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences GA BFQ99 UT WOS:000321014700008 ER PT J AU Bukun, B Gaines, TA Nissen, SJ Westra, P Brunk, G Shaner, DL Sleugh, BB Peterson, VF AF Bukun, Bekir Gaines, Todd A. Nissen, Scott J. Westra, Philip Brunk, Galen Shaner, Dale L. Sleugh, Byron B. Peterson, Vanelle F. TI Aminopyralid and Clopyralid Absorption and Translocation in Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Auxinic herbicides; metabolism; herbicide physiology ID 3,6-DICHLOROPICOLINIC ACID; HERBICIDES; METABOLISM; PICLORAM; BIOLOGY AB Aminopyralid is a new auxinic herbicide that provides Canada thistle control at lower use rates than clopyralid. Studies were conducted to determine if differences in absorption, translocation, or metabolism account for aminopyralid's greater biological activity. Radiolabeled aminopyralid and clopyralid were applied to individual leaves of rosette-stage Canada thistle plants. Nonionic surfactant was used for the absorption Studies because it provided higher aminopyralid absorption than methylated seed on or crop on concentrate. Clopyralid was absorbed very rapidly, reaching 72% 24 h after treatment (HAT) and remaining near or above 80% during a 192-h time Course. During the same time period, aminopyralid absorption increased from 34 to 60%. Clopyralid translocation out of the treated leaf was significantly higher than aminopyralid, 39% compared with 17%, respectively, 192 HAT. More of applied clopyralid translocated to aboveground tissue 192 HAT (27%) than to roots (12%), whereas aminopyralid translocation was similar in aboveground tissue (10%) and roots (7%) 192 HAT. Neither aminopyralid nor clopyralid was metabolized 192 HAT. Although aminopyralid is effective at lower use rates than clopyralid, clopyralid absorption and translocation were higher in Canada thistle. These results suggest that aminopyralid's chemical structure may provide for greater biological activity at the target site than clopyralid. C1 [Gaines, Todd A.; Nissen, Scott J.; Westra, Philip; Brunk, Galen] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Bukun, Bekir] Harran Univ, Dept Plant Protect, Sanliurfa, Turkey. [Shaner, Dale L.] ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Sleugh, Byron B.; Peterson, Vanelle F.] Dow AgroSci LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46268 USA. RP Nissen, SJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM scott.nissen@colostate.edu RI Gaines, Todd/A-8998-2008; OI Gaines, Todd/0000-0003-1485-7665; Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 21 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 12 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 57 IS 1 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1614/WS-08-071.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 395BP UT WOS:000262497500003 ER PT J AU Hanson, BD Shrestha, A Shaner, DL AF Hanson, Bradley D. Shrestha, Anil Shaner, Dale L. TI Distribution of Glyphosate-Resistant Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) and Relationship to Cropping Systems in the Central Valley of California SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate resistance; herbicide resistance; shikimate assay ID LOLIUM-MULTIFLORUM; L. CRONQ.; TRANSLOCATION; POPULATIONS; BIOTYPES; RIGIDUM; CROPS AB Horseweed is an increasing problem in perennial crops and noncrop areas of the Central Valley of California. Similar to the situation in glyphosate-tolerant crops in other regions, glyphosate-based weed-management strategies in perennial crops and noncrop areas have resulted in selection of a glyphosate-resistant horseweed biotype in California. Research was conducted to determine the level of resistance to glvphosate in horseweed using an in vivo enzyme assay and to determine the distribution of the resistant horseweed biotype in central California. The resistant biotype was 4.8-fold more resistant to in vivo glyphosate exposure compared with the susceptible biotype, although enzyme function was inhibited in both biotypes at high glyphosate concentrations. Ail intermediate in vivo glyphosate dose was used to discriminate between glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-susceptible individuals in a roadside survey conducted in 2006 to 2007. Overall, 62% of the individuals tested from the Central Valley were classified as resistant to glyphosate. Resistant individuals were found at most locations throughout the Central Valley, although the proportion of resistant individuals was slightly lower in the northern-most area. No correlation Could be made between proportion of resistant or susceptible individuals and land use patterns likely because of long-distance seed dispersal or different selection pressure for resistant biotypes on field margins compared with that within Fields. Horseweed with an economically significant level of resistance to glyphosate is already widely distributed in the Central Valley of California. Grower awareness of the problem and adoption of best management practices are needed to minimize the effects of horseweed in this highly productive and diverse agricultural region. C1 [Hanson, Bradley D.] ARS, USDA, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. Calif State Univ Fresno, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. ARS, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Hanson, BD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, 9611 S Riverbend Ave, Parlier, CA 93648 USA. EM brad.hanson@ars.usda.gov OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 FU Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation Program; USDA-ARS Pacific West Area Summer Intern Program; Garden Rose Council FX Technical assistance for this research was received from Ms. Stella Zambrzuski, Ms. Karen Pelham, Ms. Idalia Orellana, and Ms. Ashley Torres. Partial funding for student interns was received from the Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation Program, the USDA-ARS Pacific West Area Summer Intern Program, and from the Garden Rose Council. This article is a U.S. government work and is in the public domain in the United States. Mention of a trademark, proprietary product, or vendor does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the U.S. Department of Agriculture and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products or vendors that also may be suitable. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 13 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 57 IS 1 BP 48 EP 53 DI 10.1614/WS-08-103.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 395BP UT WOS:000262497500010 ER PT J AU Webster, TM Grey, TL Flanders, JT Culpepper, AS AF Webster, Theodore M. Grey, Timothy L. Flanders, J. Timothy Culpepper, A. Stanley TI Cotton Planting Date Affects the Critical Period of Benghal Dayflower (Commelina benghalensis) Control SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Competition; interference; exotic weed; Federal Noxious weed; normative weed; planting date; yield loss ID SOYBEAN GLYCINE-MAX; COCKLEBUR XANTHIUM-STRUMARIUM; SESBANIA SESBANIA-EXALTATA; FULL-SEASON INTERFERENCE; GOSSYPIUM-HIRSUTUM; WEED-CONTROL; PIGWEED AMARANTHUS; PROBOSCIDEA-LOUISIANICA; GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT; NARROW-ROW AB Benghal dayflower (formerly known as tropical spiderwort) is one of the most troublesome weeds in Georgia cotton. Field studies were conducted from 2003 to 2005 to evaluate the relationship between the duration of Benghal dayflower interference and cotton yield to establish optimum weed-control timing. To determine the critical period of weed control (CPWC), Benghal dayflower interference with cotton was allowed or prohibited in 2-wk intervals between 0 to 12 wk after crop planting. Maximum yield loss from Benghal dayflower in May-planted cotton was 21 to 30% in 2004 and 2005, whereas cotton planting delayed until June resulted in maximum yield losses of 40 to 60%. June-planted cotton had a CPWC of 190 to 800 growing degree days (GDD) in 2004 (52-d interval beginning at 16 d after planting [DAP]) and 190 to 910 GDD in 2005 (59-d interval beginning at 18 DAP). In contrast, May-planted cotton in 2005 had a narrower CPWC interval of 396 to 587 GDD (18 d) that occurred 3 wk later in the growing season (initiated at 39 DAP). May-planted cotton in 2004 did not have a critical range of weed-free conditions. Instead, a single weed removal at 490 GDD (44 DAP) averted a yield loss greater than 5%. It is recommended that Fields infested with Benghal dayflower be planted with cotton early in the growing season to minimize weed interference with the crop. C1 [Webster, Theodore M.] ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Grey, Timothy L.; Culpepper, A. Stanley] Univ Georgia, Dept Crop & Soil Sci, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Flanders, J. Timothy] Univ Georgia, Berrien Cty Extens Serv, Nashville, GA 31639 USA. RP Webster, TM (reprint author), ARS, Crop Protect & Management Res Unit, USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. EM ted.webster@ars.usda.gov RI Webster, Theodore/A-4468-2009 OI Webster, Theodore/0000-0002-8259-2059 NR 61 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 57 IS 1 BP 81 EP 86 DI 10.1614/WS-08-118.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 395BP UT WOS:000262497500015 ER PT J AU Shaner, DL AF Shaner, Dale L. TI Role of Translocation as a Mechanism of Resistance to Glyphosate SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Glyphosate resistance; herbicide resistance; weed resistance; absorption ID HORSEWEED CONYZA-CANADENSIS; RYEGRASS LOLIUM-RIGIDUM; PRESSURE-FLOW HYPOTHESIS; PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER; HERBICIDE RESISTANCE; SHIKIMATE PATHWAY; PLANTS; PHLOEM; MULTIFLORUM; ARABIDOPSIS AB The continuous use of glyphosate has resulted in the selection of glyphosate-resistant (GR) biotypes in 13 weed species. Decreased translocation of glyphosate to the meristematic tissue is the primary mechanism of resistance in horseweed, hairy fleabane, rigid ryegrass, and Italian ryegrass, and the resistance is inherited as a single, semidominant nuclear trait. The question is: What role does decreased translocation play in glyphosate resistance, and what is the actual mechanism(s)? The enzyme 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the target site of glyphosate, preferentially accumulates in the active meristems of plants. Inhibition of EPSPS results in the accumulation of shikimate. Leaf disc assays across a number of species show that the maximum accumulation of shikimate occurs in young, rapidly expanding tissue. Gene expression studies have also shown that the gene encoding EPSPS is maximally expressed in meristems. Thus, glyphosate needs to translocate to the growing points of plants to be effective. In some GR weed biotypes, glyphosate moves in the treated leaf via the transpiration stream; but instead of being loaded into the phloem, it is trapped in the distal portion of the leaf. These results suggest that there is some type of inhibition of glyphosate-loading into the phloem in GR plants. However, this mechanism may involve uptake of glyphosate at the cellular level. Shikimate accumulation in isolated leaf discs occurs at high glyphosate concentrations in both Susceptible and GR biotypes of horseweed and Italian ryegrass; but at low concentrations, shikimate accumulation occurs only in susceptible biotypes. Decreased cellular uptake of glyphosate might occur by one of four mechanisms: (1) the active uptake system no longer recognizes glyphosate, (2) an active efflux system pumps glyphosate out of the cell into the apoplast, (3) an active efflux system pumps glyphosate out of the chloroplast into the cytoplasm, or (4) glyphosate is pumped into the vacuole and sequestered in the cell. C1 ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Shaner, DL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Water Management Res Unit, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg D,Suite 320, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM dale.shaner@ars.usda.gov OI Shaner, Dale/0000-0003-4293-6133 NR 48 TC 72 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 40 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD JAN-FEB PY 2009 VL 57 IS 1 BP 118 EP 123 DI 10.1614/WS-08-050.1 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA 395BP UT WOS:000262497500020 ER PT B AU Pearson, D Ortega, Y AF Pearson, Dean Ortega, Yvette BE Kingely, RV TI MANAGING INVASIVE PLANTS IN NATURAL AREAS: MOVING BEYOND WEED CONTROL SO WEEDS: MANAGEMENT, ECONOMIC IMPACTS AND BIOLOGY SE Agriculture Issues and Policies LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENTS; DEER MOUSE-POPULATIONS; KNAPWEED CENTAUREA-MACULOSA; SPOTTED KNAPWEED; WESTERN MONTANA; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; IMPACTS; GRASSLAND AB Exotic invasive plants present one of the greatest challenges to natural resource management. These weeds can alter entire communities and ecosystems, substantially degrading important ecosystem services such as forage for wild and domestic herbivores, water and soil quality, recreational values, and wildlife habitat. Traditionally, weed management in natural areas has focused on removing the target weed under the assumption that its impacts would dissipate and the system would recover following control or suppression of the invader. This approach arose presumably because most weed management tools originated in agricultural systems where removal of the weed commonly translates to increased crop yields. However, accumulating studies in natural areas indicate that simply suppressing the target weed does not ensure mitigation of its impacts. This is due primarily to the complexity of natural systems and the limitations of available management tools. To improve weed management in natural systems, we need to better understand three important factors that greatly complicate natural areas weed management: invader impacts, management side effects, and secondary invasion. Weed invasion is complex. Weeds not only impact native plants, they affect higher trophic levels, alter community interactions, and sometimes disrupt ecological processes structuring the system. Therefore, mitigating weed impacts first requires determining what the impacts are and which ones may be amenable to mitigation given current tools. Additionally, weed management tools are imprecise. As a result, management tools inevitably incur side effects on native species and system processes due to their limited selectivity and the often complex response of system components to management action. Minimizing deleterious side effects requires understanding how and why they occur. Finally, even when weed control is successful, suppression of the target weed commonly results in secondary invasion by other exotic invasive plants, thereby undermining mitigation objectives. Thus, successful natural areas weed management requires that we understand much more than just weed suppression. First, a basic understanding of the system under consideration and the impacts of the target weed on system components and processes is required to determine to what extent mitigation may be feasible. Additionally, a working knowledge of how management tools interact with the target weed, nontarget species, and system processes is necessary to maximize intended outcomes and minimize side effects of management actions. Finally, further knowledge of the ecological conditions and processes underlying successive weed invasions is needed to develop strategies for reducing the risk of secondary invasion following target invader suppression. Here, we explore these issues by examining research and management of spotted knapweed (Centaurea maculosa) in Western North America. C1 [Pearson, Dean; Ortega, Yvette] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. RP Pearson, D (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Stn, 800 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. NR 97 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 12 PU NOVA SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC PI HAUPPAUGE PA 400 OSER AVE, STE 1600, HAUPPAUGE, NY 11788-3635 USA BN 978-1-60741-010-2 J9 AGR ISSUES POLICIES PY 2009 BP 1 EP 21 PG 21 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA BLV23 UT WOS:000271137300001 ER PT J AU Kangas, M Filip, GM Morrell, JJ AF Kangas, Michael Filip, Gregory M. Morrell, Jeffrey J. TI Effect of Fire Charring on Condition of Ponderosa Pine Trees in Oregon as Measured by Longitudinal Compression Strength SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE ponderosa pine; fire; deterioration; fungal decay; longitudinal compression strength ID MORTALITY; FORESTS; POLES AB The ability to assess wood quality using longitudinal compression strength (LCS) of plugs removed from along the length of a tree stem was assessed in ponderosa pine damaged to varying degrees 4 years earlier in a prescribed burn. LCS has been used elsewhere to estimate residual strength of utility poles and might be a simple method for assessing wood quality in standing frees. The degree of stem char on fire-killed frees had a significant effect on LCS values. LCS values of plugs from charred portions of fire-killed ponderosa pines were greater than those from uncharred portions of fire-killed ponderosa pine trees. LCS might be a useful tool for forest managers assessing the remaining flexural properties of standing dead timber after fires. C1 [Kangas, Michael] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. [Filip, Gregory M.] US Forest Serv, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Morrell, Jeffrey J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Wood Sci & Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Kangas, M (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Dept Plant Pathol, Fargo, ND 58105 USA. EM michael.kangas@ndsu.edu; gmfilip@fs.fed.us; jeff.morrell@oregonstate.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 33 EP 35 PG 3 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 398CI UT WOS:000262708600005 ER PT J AU McDonald, PM Fiddler, G Ritchie, M Anderson, P AF McDonald, Philip M. Fiddler, Gary Ritchie, Martin Anderson, Paula TI Naturally Seeded versus Planted Ponderosa Pine Seedlings in Group-Selection Openings SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF APPLIED FORESTRY LA English DT Article DE ponderosa pine; natural and planted seedlings; group selection; distance from edge; north central California ID GROWTH; FOREST; MODEL AB The purpose of this article was to determine whether natural regeneration or planted seedlings should be used in group-selection openings. The answer depends on the survival and growth rate of both types of seedlings, and that could depend on the size of the openings and the effect of frees on their edge. In this side-by-side study, the natural pine seedlings originated from the 1988 seed crop and the 1-0 nursery-grown seedlings were outplanted in spring 1989. Openings ranged from 0.01 to 0.65 ha. The plant community consisted of many species of shrubs, forbs, and grasses with manzanita having the highest density and greatest development. After 9 years, manzanita had an average density of 13,870 plants/ha, 2,050 m(2)/ha of foliar cover, and was 125 cm fall. From 1990 to 1997, planted ponderosa pine seedlings were taller (P < 0.05) than natural seedlings, and from 1995 to 1997, mean stem diameter at 30 cm of planted seedlings was larger than natural counterparts (P < 0.05). Development for I year in the nursery apparently gave the planted seedlings a growth advantage over the natural seedlings. For natural seedlings, distance from opening edge had little effect on pine height or diameter growth regardless of opening size. Planted seedlings, however, appeared to increase in height and diameter growth with both opening size and distance from edge. C1 [McDonald, Philip M.; Fiddler, Gary; Ritchie, Martin] US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, Redding, CA 96001 USA. [Anderson, Paula] Forestry Sci Lab, No Res Stn, Rhinelander, WI 54501 USA. RP McDonald, PM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific SW Res Stn, 3644 Avetech Pkwy, Redding, CA 96001 USA. EM pmcdonald@fs.fed.us; gfiddler@fs.fed.us; mritchie@fs.fed.us NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC AMER FORESTERS PI BETHESDA PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0885-6095 J9 WEST J APPL FOR JI West. J. Appl. For. PD JAN PY 2009 VL 24 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA 398CI UT WOS:000262708600008 ER PT S AU Benson, RP Roads, JO Weise, DR AF Benson, Randall P. Roads, John O. Weise, David R. BE Bytnerowicz, A Arbaugh, MJ Riebau, AR Andersen, C TI Climatic and Weather Factors Affecting Fire Occurrence and Behavior SO WILDLAND FIRES AND AIR POLLUTION SE Developments in Environmental Science LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; UNITED-STATES; FOREST-FIRES; CROWN FIRES; WILDLAND FIRES; BOREAL FOREST; FUEL MOISTURE; JACK PINE AB Weather and climate have a profound influence on wildland fire ignition potential, fire behavior, and fire severity. Local weather and climate are affected by large-scale patterns of winds over the hemispheres that predispose wildland fuels to fire. The characteristics of wildland fuels, especially the moisture content, ultimately determine fire behavior and the impact of fire on the landscape. The physical processes related to combustion, fire, and plume behavior are largely affected by both daily weather and long-term climate. C1 [Benson, Randall P.] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Atmospher Sci, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Roads, John O.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Weise, David R.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific SW Res Stn, Riverside, CA 92507 USA. RP Benson, RP (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Atmospher Sci, 501 E St Joseph St, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. EM randall.benson@sdsmt.edu; jroads@ucsd.edu; dweise@fs.fed.us NR 110 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1474-8177 BN 978-0-08-056049-6 J9 DEV ENVIRONM SCI PY 2009 VL 8 BP 37 EP 59 DI 10.1016/S1474-8177(08)00002-8 PG 23 WC Environmental Sciences; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA BCQ64 UT WOS:000311034800004 ER EF