FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Herwaldt, BL Persing, DH Precigout, EA Goff, WL Mathiesen, DA Taylor, PW Eberhard, ML Gorenflot, AF AF Herwaldt, BL Persing, DH Precigout, EA Goff, WL Mathiesen, DA Taylor, PW Eberhard, ML Gorenflot, AF TI A fatal case of babesiosis in Missouri: Identification of another piroplasm that infects humans SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE babesiosis; Missouri; Babesia divergens; Babesia microti; tick-borne diseases ID DEER ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; SHEEP OVIS-CANADENSIS; BIGHORN SHEEP; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DIFFERENT HOSTS; DIVERGENS; GERBIL; BOVIS; PROTECTION; RESPONSES AB Objective: To characterize the etiologic agent (MO1) of the first reported case of babesiosis acquired in Missouri. Design: Case report, serologic testing, animal inoculations, and molecular studies. Setting: Southeastern Missouri. Patient: A 73-year-old man who had had a splenectomy and had a fatal case of babesiosis. Measurements: Serum specimens from the patient were assayed by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing and immunoprecipitation for reactivity with antigens from various Babesia species. Whole blood obtained from the patient before treatment was inoculated into hamsters and jirds and into calves and bighorn sheep that had had splenectomy and were immunosuppressed with dexamethasone. Piroplasm-specific nuclear small-subunit ribosomal DNA was recovered from the patient's blood by using broad-range amplification with the polymerase chain reaction; a 144 base-pair region of the amplification product was sequenced; and phylogenetic analysis was done to compare MO1 with various Babesia species. Results: Indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing showed that the patient's serum had strong reactivity with Babesia divergens, which causes babesiosis in cattle and humans in Europe, but that it had minimal reactivity with B. microti and WA1, which are the piroplasms previously known to cause zoonotic babesiosis in the United States. Immunoprecipitations showed that MO1 is more closely related to B. divergens than to B. canis (a canine parasite). None of the experimentally inoculated animals became demonstrably parasitemic. Phylogenetic analyses, after DNA sequencing, showed that MO1 is most closely related to B. divergens (100% similarity). Conclusions: Although MO1 is probably distinct from B. divergens, the two share morphologic, antigenic, and genetic characteristics; MO1 probably represents a Babesia species not previously recognized to have infected humans. Medical personnel should be aware that patients in the United States can have life-threatening babesiosis even though they are seronegative to B. microti and WA1 antigen. C1 MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DEPT LAB MED & PATHOL,DIV EXPTL PATHOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. UNIV MONTPELLIER,F-34059 MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. USDA,PULLMAN,WA. CAPE GIRARDEAU PHYSICIAN ASSOCIATES,CAPE GIRARDEAU,MO. RP Herwaldt, BL (reprint author), CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,DIV PARASIT DIS,MAILSTOP F-22,4770 BUFORD HIGHWAY NE,ATLANTA,GA 30341, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI30548, AI32403]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41497] NR 30 TC 131 Z9 137 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 124 IS 7 BP 643 EP & PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UB513 UT WOS:A1996UB51300004 PM 8607592 ER PT J AU Mahoney, NE Rodriguez, SB AF Mahoney, NE Rodriguez, SB TI Aflatoxin variability in pistachios SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS LINK; BIOSYNTHESIS; KERNELS; MAIZE AB Pistachio fruit components, including hulls (mesocarps and epicarps), seed coats (testas), and kernels (seeds), all contribute to variable aflatoxin content in pistachios, Fresh pistachio kernels were individually inoculated with Aspergillus flavus and incubated 7 or 10 days. Hulled, shelled kernels were either left intact or wounded prior to inoculation, Wounded kernels, with or without the seed coat, were readily colonized by A, flavus and after 10 days of incubation contained 37 times more aflatoxin than similarly treated unwounded kernels. The aflatoxin levels in the individual wounded pistachios were highly variable, Neither fungal colonization nor aflatoxin was detected in intact kernels without seed coats, Intact kernels with seed coats had limited fungal colonization and low aflatoxin concentrations compared,vith their wounded counterparts, Despite substantial fungal colonization of wounded hulls, aflatoxin was not detected in hulls, Aflatoxin levels were significantly lower in wounded kernels with hulls than in kernels of hulled pistachios, Both the seed coat and a water-soluble extract of hulls suppressed aflatoxin production by A. flavus. C1 INDIANA UNIV, DEPT BIOL & PHYS SCI, KOKOMO, IN 46904 USA. RP Mahoney, NE (reprint author), USDA, WESTERN REG RES CTR, ALBANY, CA 94710 USA. NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 62 IS 4 BP 1197 EP 1202 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA UD950 UT WOS:A1996UD95000011 PM 8919781 ER PT J AU Wells, JE Russell, JB AF Wells, JE Russell, JB TI The effect of growth and starvation on the lysis of the ruminal cellulolytic bacterium Fibrobacter succinogenes SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; RUMEN; PROTEIN; PEPTIDES; TURNOVER; ENERGY AB Growing cultures of Fibrobacter succinogenes assimilated more ammonia than could be accounted for by cellular protein, RNA, or DNA and released large amounts of nonammonia nitro cn. The difference between net and true growth was most dramatic at low dilution rates, but mathematical derivations indicated that the lysis rate was a growth rate-independent function. The lysis rate was sevenfold greater than the true maintenance rate (0.07 h(-1) versus 0.01 h(-1)). Because slowly growing cells had as much proton motive force and ATP as fast-growing cells, lysis was not a starvation response per se. Stationary-phase cells had a lysis rate that was 10-fold less than that of growing cells, Rapidly growing cells were not susceptible to phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, but phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride increased the lysis rate of the cultures when they reached the stationary phase. This latter result indicated that autolysins of stationary-phase cells were being inactivated by a serine proteinase. When growing cells were treated with the glycolytic inhibitor iodoacetate, the proteinase-dependent transition to the stationary phase was circumvented, and the rate of lysis could be increased by as much as 50-fold. C1 USDA,ARS,NEW YORK,NY 14853. NR 30 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 62 IS 4 BP 1342 EP 1346 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA UD950 UT WOS:A1996UD95000035 PM 8919795 ER PT J AU Fayer, R Nerad, T AF Fayer, R Nerad, T TI Effects of low temperatures on viability of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRYOPRESERVATION; MICE AB Microcentrifuge tubes containing 8 x 10(6) purified oocysts of Cryptosporidium parvum suspended in 400 mu l of deionized water were stored at 5 degrees C for 168 h or frozen at -10, -15, -20, and -70 degrees C for 1 h to 168 h and then thawed at room temperature (21 degrees C). Fifty microliters containing 10(6) oocysts was administered to each of five to seven neonatal BALB/c mice by gastric intubation, Segments of ileum, cecum, and colon were taken for histology from each mouse 72 or 96 h later, Freeze-thawed oocysts were considered viable and infectious only when developmental-stage C. parvum organisms were found microscopically in the tissue sections. Developmental-stage parasites were not found in tissues from any mice that received oocysts frozen at -70 degrees C for 1, 8, or 24 h. All mice that received oocysts frozen at -20 degrees C for 1, 3, and 5 h had developmental-stage C. parvum; one of 6 mice that received oocysts frozen at -20 degrees C for 8 h had a few developmental-stage parasites; mice that received oocysts frozen at -20 degrees C for 24 and 168 h had no parasites. All mice that received oocysts frozen at -15 degrees C for 8 and 24 h had developmental-stage parasites; mice that received oocysts frozen at -15 degrees C for 168 h had no parasites, All mice that received oocysts frozen at -10 degrees C for 8, 24, and 168 h and those that received oocysts stored at 5 degrees C for 168 h had developmental-stage parasites. These findings demonstrate for the first time that oocysts of C. parvum in water can retain viability and infectivity after freezing and that oocysts survive longer at higher freezing temperatures. C1 AMER TYPE CULTURE COLLECT,ROCKVILLE,MD 20852. RP Fayer, R (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,PARASITE IMMUNOBIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 7 TC 82 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 62 IS 4 BP 1431 EP 1433 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA UD950 UT WOS:A1996UD95000047 PM 8919806 ER PT J AU Huang, KL vanGenuchten, MT Zhang, RD AF Huang, KL vanGenuchten, MT Zhang, RD TI Exact solutions for one-dimensional transport with asymptotic scale-dependent dispersion SO APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article ID HETEROGENEOUS POROUS-MEDIA; STOCHASTIC-ANALYSIS; PARAMETERS; AQUIFERS; MODEL; SOIL; TIME; FLOW AB A general analytical solution is developed for one-dimensional solute transport in heterogeneous porous media with scale-dependent dispersion. The solution assumes that the dispersivity, alpha, increases linearly with distance, x, that is, alpha(x) = ax, until some distance x(0), after which alpha reaches an asymptotic value, alpha(L) = ax(0). The parameters a and x(0) characterize the nature of the scale-dependent dispersion process. The general solution contains as special cases the solutions of the classical convection-dispersion equation (CDE) assuming a constant dispersivity, and a recent solution by Yates assuming a linearly increasing dispersivity with distance. A simplified solution is also derived for cases where diffusion can be neglected. In addition, a solution for steady-state transport is presented. Results obtained with the proposed solutions demonstrate several features of scale-dependent dispersion in nonhomogeneous media which differ from those predicted with the CDE model and the model of Yates.(1) RP Huang, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS,US SALIN LAB,450 W BIG SPRINGS RD,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507, USA. RI van Genuchten, Martinus/K-6892-2013 OI van Genuchten, Martinus/0000-0003-1654-8858 NR 26 TC 25 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0307-904X J9 APPL MATH MODEL JI Appl. Math. Model. PD APR PY 1996 VL 20 IS 4 BP 298 EP 308 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA UC627 UT WOS:A1996UC62700004 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Bothast, RJ AF Saha, BC Bothast, RJ TI Production of L-arabitol from L-arabinose by Candida entomaea and Pichia guilliermondii SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID D-XYLOSE; STIPITIS; XYLITOL; YEASTS AB Lignocellulosic biomass, particularly corn fiber, represents a renewable resource that is available in sufficient quantities from the corn wet milling industry to serve as a low cost feedstock for production of fuel alcohol and valuable coproducts. Several enzymatic and chemical processes have potential for the conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose to fermentable sugars. The hydrolyzates are generally rich in pentoses (D-xylose and L-arabinose) and D-glucose. Yeasts produce a variety of polyalcohols from pentose and hexose sugars. Many of these sugar alcohols have food applications as low-calorie bulking agents. During the screening of 49 yeast strains capable of growing on L-arabinose, we observed that two strains were superior secretors of L-arabitol as a major extracellular product of L-arabinose. Candida entomaea NRRL Y-7785 and Pichia guilliermondii NRRL Y-2075 produced L-arabitol (0.70 g/g) from L-arabinose (50 g/l) at 34 degrees C and pH 5.0 and 4.0, respectively. Both yeasts produced ethanol (0.32-0.33 g/g) from D-glucose (50 g/l) and only xylitol (0.43-0.51 g/g) from D-xylose (50 g/l). Both strains preferentially utilized D-glucose > D-xylose > L-arabinose from mixed substrate (D-glucose, D-xylose and L-arabinose, 1:1:1, 50 g/l, total) and produced ethanol (0.36-0.38 g/g D-glucose), xylitol (0.02-0.08 g/g D-xylose) and L-arabitol (0.70-0.81 g/g L-arabinose). The yeasts co-utilized D-xylose (6.2-6.5 g/l) and L-arabinose (4.9-5.0 g/l) from corn fiber acid hydrolyzate simultaneously and produced xylitol (0.10 g/g D-xylose) and L-arabitol (0.53-0.54 g/g L-arabinose). RP Saha, BC (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,FERMENTAT BIOCHEM RES UNIT,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 19 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 45 IS 3 BP 299 EP 306 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UH671 UT WOS:A1996UH67100001 ER PT J AU Slininger, PJ VanCauwenberge, JE Bothast, RJ Weller, DM Thomashow, LS Cook, RJ AF Slininger, PJ VanCauwenberge, JE Bothast, RJ Weller, DM Thomashow, LS Cook, RJ TI Effect of growth culture physiological state, metabolites, and formulation on the viability, phytotoxicity, and efficacy of the take-all biocontrol agent Pseudomonas fluorescens 2-79 stored encapsulated on wheat seeds SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; STABILIZATION; SUGARS; SUPPRESSION; RHIZOSPHERE; BACTERIA; PROTEIN; STRAIN; ACID AB Strain 2-79 is a biocontrol agent of take-all, an important root disease of wheat caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici. In the rhizosphere, strain 2-79 produces the antibiotic phenazine-1-carboxylic acid as the primary means of disease suppression. Barriers to the commercial use of phenazine-producing pseudomonads, such as strain 2-79, include the lack of liquid-culture and formulation technologies needed to optimize cost-effective mass production and application. For instance: there is little published research concerning the impact of growth culture physiological state and associated metabolites on the biocontrol qualities of the cells harvested and formulated in seed coatings, i.e., efficacy, phytotoxicity, and storage survival. To enable exploration of these issues, cells of strain 2-79 in various physiological states were obtained by harvesting fermenters at 24-h intervals after inoculation. Cells formulated in 0.5% methylcellulose suspended in either water (MW) or metabolite-bearing, spent culture broth (MSB) were applied as wheat-seed coatings, air dried, and stored at 4 degrees C. Younger cells (24-48 h) had twice the drying survival rate but only half of the storage life demonstrated by older cells (72-96 h) (P less than or equal to 0.05). Cell populations surviving drying were 3.5 times higher in MW than in MSB formulations and they remained viable up to 3 times longer (P less than or equal to 0.05). This effect of formulation on viability was attributable to the culture nutrients but not the metabolites present in the spent broth. Disease suppression in bacterized seed treatments was significant (P less than or equal to 0.05) relative to unbacterized controls and averaged 9.1%, but did not vary significantly (P greater than or equal to 0.24) with culture age, encapsulation medium, or storage time. Relative seedling height improvement increased with relative disease suppression (P = 0.003) and significantly decreased with lengthening storage time (P = 0.004). This latter decline in plant growth promotion coincided with the deterioration of biocontrol agent viability during storage. Seed batches inoculated with cells in both MW and MSB encapsulations suffered significant germination losses due to phytotoxic metabolites, The extent of loss was an interactive result of encapsulation medium and storage time (P less than or equal to 0.01), and the rate of loss was much higher for seeds with MSB than with MW coatings, i.e. 54% compared to 11% loss after 6 months storage. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,ROOT DIS & BIOL CONTROL RES UNIT,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP Slininger, PJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,FERMENTAT BIOCHEM RES UNIT,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 33 TC 45 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 45 IS 3 BP 391 EP 398 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UH671 UT WOS:A1996UH67100015 ER PT J AU McArthur, ED Sanderson, SC Davis, JN AF McArthur, ED Sanderson, SC Davis, JN TI Adaptation of forage Kochia accessions across an environmental gradient in Rush Valley, Utah SO ARID SOIL RESEARCH AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Kochia prostrata; precipitation; reclamation; revegetation; soil characteristics AB Forage kochia (Kochia prostrata) is native to Eurasia. it is a useful plant for reclamation in semiarid and arid regions with mineral soils. Fourteen accessions representing both forage kochia subspecies and all known polyploid levels (2x-6x) were tested for adaptation over an environmental gradient represented by three study sites differing in native plant composition, average annual precipitation, and soil type. Plants were established by transplanting in 1988 and 1989 and evaluated for growth (height, crown diameter biomass) parameters and for stand establishment, growth habit, uniformity of growth, vigor, cover, seed production, survival, and recruitment from 1990 to 1992. Soil characteristics (pH, SAR, salinity, sand, clay, silt organic matter NO3--N, Ca, Na, Mg, P, K, CaCO3, and effective rooting depth) were measured at each study site. Two hypotheses were addressed. First, it was confirmed that forage kochia accessions in general perform better in lighter textured soils and at higher precipitation levels (>250 mm annual precipitation) than in heavier textured soils containing higher levels of soluble salts receiving less precipitation. Second, it was only partially confirmed that various forage kochia accessions will perform better relative to one another across an environmental gradient. Some accessions performed better across all sites, and some less well across all sites, but some performed relatively better at one or more of the sites. The germplasm ''Immigrant'' (K. prostrata ssp. virescens) was one of the better performing accessions, but an accession of K. prostrata ssp. grisea was the top ranking accession at each site and should be evaluated further and perhaps be made move widely available. RP McArthur, ED (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,SHRUB SCI LAB,735 N 500 E,PROVO,UT 84606, USA. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0890-3069 J9 ARID SOIL RES REHAB JI Arid Soil Res. Rehabil. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 125 EP 138 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA UW085 UT WOS:A1996UW08500002 ER PT J AU McAlindon, TE Jacques, P Zhang, YQ Hannan, MT Aliabadi, P Weissman, B Rush, D Levy, D Felson, DT AF McAlindon, TE Jacques, P Zhang, YQ Hannan, MT Aliabadi, P Weissman, B Rush, D Levy, D Felson, DT TI Do antioxidant micronutrients protect against the development and progression of knee osteoarthritis? SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID GUINEA-PIGS; DIETARY QUESTIONNAIRE; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; VITAMIN-C; CAROTENOIDS; CONSUMPTION; WOMEN; MEN AB Objective. Cumulative damage to tissues, mediated by reactive oxygen species, has been implicated as a pathway that leads to many of the degenerative changes associated with aging, We hypothesized that increased intake of antioxidant micronutrients might be associated with decreased rates of osteoarthritis (OA) in the knees, a common age-related disorder. Methods. Participants in the Framingham Osteoarthritis Cohort Study underwent knee evaluations by radiography at examinations 18 (1983-1985) and 22 (1992-1993), Usual dietary intake was assessed using the Food Frequency Questionnaire, administered at examination 20 (1988-1989). Knees without OA at baseline (Kellgren and Lawrence [K&L] grade less than or equal to 1) were classified as having incident OA if they had a K&L grade greater than or equal to 2 at followup, Knees with OA at baseline were classified as having progressive OA if their score increased by greater than or equal to 1 at followup, Knees were also classified as having cartilage loss or osteophyte growth if their maximal joint space narrowing or osteophyte growth score increased by greater than or equal to 1 (range 0-3). The association of vitamin C, beta carotene, and vitamin E intake, ranked in sex-specific tertiles, with incidence and progression of OA was compared with that of a panel of nonantioxidant vitamins, B-1, B-6, niacin, and folate, using logistic regression and generalized estimation equations to adjust for correlation between fellow knees. The lowest tertile for each dietary exposure was used as the referent category, Odds ratios (OR) were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, weight change, knee injury, physical activity, energy intake, and health status. Results. Six hundred forty participants received complete assessments. Incident and progressive OA occurred in 81 and 68 knees, respectively. We found no significant association of incident OA with any nutrient. A 3-fold reduction in risk of OA progression was found for both the middle tertile (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.1-0.8) and highest tertile (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.6) of vitamin C intake, This related predominantly to a reduced risk of cartilage loss (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.8), Those with high vitamin C intake also had a reduced risk of developing knee pain (adjusted OR = 0.3, 95% CI 0.1-0.8), A reduction in risk of OA progression was seen for beta carotene (adjusted OR = 0.4, 95% CI 0.2-0.9) and vitamin E intake (adjusted OR = 0.7, 95% CI 0.3-1.6), but was less consistent. No significant associations were observed for the nonantioxidant nutrients. Conclusion. High intake of antioxidant micronutrients, especially vitamin C, may reduce the risk of cartilage loss and disease progression in people with OA. We found no effect of antioxidant nutrients on incident OA. These preliminary findings warrant confirmation. C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,BOSTON,MA 02115. FRAMINGHAM HEART DIS EPIDEMIOL STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA. RP McAlindon, TE (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,MED CTR,CTR ARTHRITIS,A203,80 E CONCORD ST,BOSTON,MA 02118, USA. OI Hannan, Marian/0000-0002-9586-6928 FU NIA NIH HHS [R0-1-AG 09300] NR 37 TC 175 Z9 186 U1 1 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 648 EP 656 DI 10.1002/art.1780390417 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UD638 UT WOS:A1996UD63800016 PM 8630116 ER PT J AU Christiansen, KH Hird, DW Snipes, KP DanayeElmi, C Palmer, CW McBride, MD Utterback, WW AF Christiansen, KH Hird, DW Snipes, KP DanayeElmi, C Palmer, CW McBride, MD Utterback, WW TI California national animal health monitoring system for meat turkey flocks - 1988-89 pilot study: Management practices, flock health, and production SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE turkeys; mortality disease surveillance; disease monitoring AB A pilot project for a meat turkey National Animal Health Monitoring System was undertaken in California in 1988-89 to explore data gathering techniques and to estimate the frequency, magnitude, and variability of management, flock health (including administration of pharmaceuticals for prevention and treatment of disease), and production variables in order to facilitate planning for future food animal monitoring systems. Enteritis, which occurred in over one-third of the flocks, and colibacillosis, which occurred in nearly one-quarter of flocks, were the most common diseases reported. Mycoplasma synoviae was reported in two flocks and Myroplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma meleagridis each were reported in one flock. Total mortality rate in the sample flocks was 9.0% (95% confidence interval [Cl] 8.2%-9.8%). The tom-specific mortality rate was 10.3% (95% Cl 9.8%-12.1%)and the hen-specific mortality race was 6.6% (95% Cl 5.7%-7.4%). C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,SCH VET MED,DEPT MED & EPIDEMIOL,DAVIS,CA 95616. USDA,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,VET SERV,SACRAMENTO,CA 95827. CALIF DEPT FOOD & AGR,ANIM HLTH BRANCH,SACRAMENTO,CA 95814. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.2307/1592221 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000004 PM 8790875 ER PT J AU Nazerian, K Witter, RL Lee, LF Yanagida, N AF Nazerian, K Witter, RL Lee, LF Yanagida, N TI Protection and synergism by recombinant fowl pox vaccines expressing genes from Marek's disease virus SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; GLYCOPROTEIN-B; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES; EFFICACY; CHICKENS; PROTEINS; STRAIN; NUCLEOTIDE; SEQUENCE; HOMOLOG AB Recombinant fowl poxviruses (rFPV) were constructed to express genes from serotype 1 Marek's disease virus (MDV) coding for glycoproteins B (gB1), C (gC), and D (gD) and tegument proteins UL47 and UL48, as well as gents from serotypes 2 and 3 MDV coding for glycoprotein B (gB2 and gB3). These rFPVs, alone and in various combinations, including combinations of fowl poxvirus (FPV)/gBs with turkey herpesvirus (HVT), were evaluated for ability to protect maternal antibody-positive (ab+) and -negative (ab-) chickens against challenge with highly virulent MDV isolates. The protective efficacy was also compared with that of prototype Marek's disease (MD) vaccines. No protection was induced in ab+ chickens by rFPV expressing gC, gD, UL47, or UL48. In contrast, the rFPV/gB1 construct protected about 23% of ab+ chickens against MDV challenge compared with 26% for cell-associated HVT. Levels of protection by rFPV/gBs of different MDV serotypes was highest for gB1, intermediate for gB2, and lowest for gB3. When rFPV/gB1 was combined with cell-associated HVT, protection was enhanced by an average of 138% compared with the best component monovalent vaccine, and the mean level of protection was 59% compared with 67% for the HVT + SB-1 bivalent vaccine. Relatively high protection (50%) and enhancement (200%) were also observed between rFPV/gB1 and cell-free HVT. These results suggest a specific synergistic interaction between rFPV/gB1 and HVT, possibly analogous to that previously described between serotypes 2 and 3 viruses. Levels of protection by rFPV/gB1 alone or by bivalent rFPV/gB1 + cell-associated HVT were similar to those of conventional cell-associated MD vaccines. However, the bivalent rFPV/gB1 + cell-free HVT vaccine was clearly more protective than cell-free HVT alone and, thus, may be the most protective, entirely cell-free MD vaccine thus far described. RP Nazerian, K (reprint author), USDA ARS,AVIAN DIS & ONCOL LAB,3606 E MT HOPE RD,E LANSING,MI 48823, USA. NR 30 TC 39 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 368 EP 376 DI 10.2307/1592234 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000017 PM 8790888 ER PT J AU Marin, MC Villegas, P Bennett, JD Seal, BS AF Marin, MC Villegas, P Bennett, JD Seal, BS TI Virus characterization and sequence of the fusion protein gene cleavage site of recent Newcastle disease virus field isolates from the southeastern United States and Puerto Rico SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Newcastle disease; chickens ID HEMAGGLUTININ NEURAMINIDASE GLYCOPROTEIN; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; ACTIVATION SITE; PATHOGENICITY; STRAINS AB Nine Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates obtained from Puerto Rico, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Texas were analyzed for in vivo pathogenicity, biological properties (hemagglutination of mammalian erythrocytes), and for sequence variation at the amino acid and sense RNA level of the fusion protein cleavage site. Intracerebral pathogenicity index values ranged from 0 to 0.3 and the intravenous pathogenicity index obtained for all isolates was 0. Four isolates hemagglutinated bovine erythrocytes, whereas no hemagglutination was observed using equine erythrocytes. By direct sequencing of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction products, all the isolates had a predicted fusion cleavage sequence comparable to lentogenic NDV strains. Based on nucleotide sequence, the viruses could be grouped phylogenetically with the B1 vaccine-type virus. However, nucleotide sequences were not 100% similar to the BI or La Sota NDV strains, indicating that minor generic heterogeneity occurs among lentogenic field isolates of NDV. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT AVIAN MED,POULTRY DIAGNOST & RES CTR,ATHENS,GA 30602. COLOMBIAN AGR INST,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,ATHENS,GA 30605. RI Marin Vieira, Maria del Carmen/B-8108-2015 OI Marin Vieira, Maria del Carmen/0000-0002-7149-287X NR 36 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 382 EP 390 DI 10.2307/1592236 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000019 PM 8790890 ER PT J AU Hume, ME Hollister, AG Nisbet, DJ Corrier, DE DeLoach, JR AF Hume, ME Hollister, AG Nisbet, DJ Corrier, DE DeLoach, JR TI Effect of a characterized continuous-flow culture of cecal bacteria on Salmonella typhimurium crop colonization in broiler chicks SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE crop; ceca; competitive exclusion; continuous-flow; Salmonella typhimurium ID COMPETITIVE-EXCLUSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DIETARY LACTOSE; MICROFLORA; INFECTION; LACTOBACILLI; PREVENTION; POULTS; CHAIN AB Broiler chicks were inoculated orally at 1 day of age with a continuous-flow (CF) culture of anaerobic cecal bacteria and challenged with 10(4) Salmonella typhimurium 48 hr (at 3 days old) after inoculation to determine the effect of the CF culture (CF3) on Salmonella crop colonization. Chicks were assigned to four groups: 1) untreated control chicks, 2) challenged at 3 days old with Salmonella, 3) inoculated at 1 day old (day-of-hatch) with CF3, and 4) inoculated at 1 day old with CF3 and challenged at 3 days old with Salmonella. Crop pH decreased significantly (P < 0.05) 24 hr after inoculation in chicks provided with CF3. The pH of crops at 24 hr from control chicks (group 1) was 5.4 and the pH of crops from inoculated chicks (group 3) was 4.7. Decreased pH was accompanied by a significant increase (P < 0.05) in crop lactic acid from approximately 0.1 mmol/ml in control chicks to about 0.2 mmol/ml in chicks given the culture. Salmonella crop colonization decreased (P < 0.05) 4 hr after challenge from a 2.6 log(10) colony-forming units (cfu) in Salmonella-control (group 2) chicks to 0.6 log(10) cfu in CF3-inoculated (group 4) chicks. Although at 4 and 8 hr after challenge, there were decreased (P < 0.05) numbers of crops resting culture-positive for Salmonella regardless of treatment, Salmonella colonization decreased (P < 0.05) in chicks inoculated with CF3 as compared with controls. The results indicated that CF3 can effectively reduce Salmonella crop colonization. RP Hume, ME (reprint author), USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,2881 F&B RD,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845, USA. NR 34 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 391 EP 397 DI 10.2307/1592237 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000020 PM 8790891 ER PT J AU Senne, DA Panigrahy, B Kawaoka, Y Pearson, JE Suss, J Lipkind, M Kida, H Webster, RG AF Senne, DA Panigrahy, B Kawaoka, Y Pearson, JE Suss, J Lipkind, M Kida, H Webster, RG TI Survey of the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site sequence of H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses: Amino acid sequence at the HA cleavage site as a marker of pathogenicity potential SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction; amino acid sequence ID A-VIRUS; CARBOHYDRATE; VIRULENCE; GENES AB The deduced amino acid sequence at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site of 76 avian influenza (AI) viruses, subtypes H5 and H7, was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cycle sequencing techniques to assess pathogenicity Eighteen of the 76 viruses were isolated in 1993 and 1994 from various sources in the United States. In addition, 34 H5 (4 highly pathogenic [HP] and 30 non-highly pathogenic [non-HP]) and 24 H7 (3 HP and 21 non-HP) repository viruses, isolated between 1927 and 1992, were sequenced and the sequences compared to chose in recent isolates. All repository HP H5 and H7 viruses studied had multiple basic amino acids adjacent to the HA cleavage site and most had basic amino acids in excess of the proposed minimum motif B-X-B-R (B = basic amino acids arginine or lysine, X = nonbasic amino acid, R = arginine) chat has been associated with high pathogenicity. Of the non-HP viruses studied, 35 of 38 for H5 and 30 of 31 for H7 conformed to the motif B-X-X-R and B-X-R, respectively. Two non-HP H5 viruses had the mot if X-X-X-R ar the cleavage sire and a third had the motif B-X-X-K (K = basic amino acid lysine). One non-KP H7 (A/Pekin robin/CA/30412-5/94) had four basic amino acids (K-R-R-R) adjacent to the cleavage sire. Although the Pekin robin isolate did nor produce disease in chickens under the conditions of the study it did have che amino acid sequence compatible with that in HP AI viruses and, therefore, is considered potentially HP This is the first account of an H7 virus that is non-HP in chickens but meets the molecular criterion to be classified as HP. C1 ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, MEMPHIS, TN 38101 USA. INST HLTH PROTECT CONSUMERS & VET MED, BERLIN, GERMANY. KIMRON VET INST, BET DAGAN, ISRAEL. HOKKAIDO UNIV, SCH VET MED, SAPPORO, HOKKAIDO 060, JAPAN. RP Senne, DA (reprint author), USDA, NATL VET SERV LABS, ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV, VET SERV, AMES, IA 50010 USA. RI Kida, Hiroshi/F-7244-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-21765]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-29599, AI-29680] NR 30 TC 221 Z9 251 U1 4 U2 15 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 425 EP 437 DI 10.2307/1592241 PG 13 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000024 PM 8790895 ER PT J AU Swayne, DE Beck, JR Perdue, ML Brugh, M Slemons, RD AF Swayne, DE Beck, JR Perdue, ML Brugh, M Slemons, RD TI Assessment of the ability of ratite-origin influenza viruses to infect and produce disease in rheas and chickens SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; avian influenza virus; influenza; ratite; rhea; emu; pathogenicity; chickens ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; LAYING CHICKENS; A VIRUS; 83 H5N2; HEMAGGLUTININ; PATHOGENICITY; OSTRICHES; VIRULENCE; CLEAVAGE; LESIONS AB Pathobiologic characteristics were determined for three mildly pathogenic (MP) ratite-origin avian influenza viruses (AIVs). Ratite-origin AIVs produced respiratory disease in rheas, and virus was reisolated from oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs on days 2-6 postinoculation. Inoculation of two ratite-origin AIVs in the upper respiratory tract. of chickens resulted in viral infections, but the mean chicken infectious dose (CID50) for A/emu/Texas/39924/93 (H5N2) (Emu/Texas) virus was 500-fold lower than the CID50 for the A/rhea/North Carolina/39482/93 (H7N1) virus. In ovo and in vivo passage of the MP parent Emu/Texas isolate resulted in emergence of a highly pathogenic (HP) variant that had high plaquing efficiency in chicken embryo fibroblast cultures and was highly lethal in chicken pathotyping tests. This variant virus produced gross lesions in chickens similar to those reported for other HP AIVs. These findings demonstrated that ratite-origin AIVs can produce significant clinical disease in rheas and have a realistic potential for interspecies transmission to domestic poultry Furthermore, HP variants can emerge from MP H5 ratite-origin AIVs if introduced and allowed to circulate in chicken populations. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT VET PREVENT MED,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP Swayne, DE (reprint author), USDA ARS,SE POULTRY RES LAB,934 COLL STN RD,ATHENS,GA 30605, USA. NR 47 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI KENNETT SQ PA UNIV PENN, NEW BOLTON CENTER, KENNETT SQ, PA 19348-1692 SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 438 EP 447 DI 10.2307/1592242 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000025 PM 8790896 ER PT J AU Webster, RG Taylor, J Pearson, J Rivera, E Paoletti, E AF Webster, RG Taylor, J Pearson, J Rivera, E Paoletti, E TI Immunity to Mexican H5N2 avian influenza viruses induced by a fowl pox-H5 recombinant SO AVIAN DISEASES LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; H5N2; Mexico; immunity; fowl pox recombinant ID HEMAGGLUTININ; VIRULENT AB The presence of highly pathogenic H5N2 avian influenza in domestic poultry in Mexico that is not being eradicated by conventional depopulation methods constitutes an imminent problem for poultry producers and agricultural authorities in the United States. The present report considers the candidate vaccines available to H5N2 influenza virus and establishes that a fowl pox-H5 recombinant can provide protection from lethal Mexican H5N2, and prevent shedding in the feces and transmission to contact birds. Inactivated and recombinant vaccines may be useful adjuncts to eradication if the H5N2 influenza virus spreads to the United States or the countries in Central America. C1 VIROGENET CORP, TROY, NY 12180 USA. USDA, APHIS, VS, NATL VET SERV LABS, AMES, IA 50010 USA. CAMPANA NACL CONTRA INFLUENZA AVIAT, MEXICO CITY 03230, DF, MEXICO. RP Webster, RG (reprint author), ST JUDE CHILDRENS RES HOSP, DEPT VIROL MOLEC BIOL, 332 N LAUDERDALE, POB 318, MEMPHIS, TN 38101 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-21765]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-08831, AI-29680] NR 18 TC 30 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC AVIAN PATHOLOGISTS PI ATHENS PA 953 COLLEGE STATION RD, ATHENS, GA 30602-4875 USA SN 0005-2086 J9 AVIAN DIS JI Avian Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 2 BP 461 EP 465 DI 10.2307/1592246 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UR660 UT WOS:A1996UR66000029 PM 8790900 ER PT J AU Berhow, MA Fong, CH Hasegawa, S AF Berhow, MA Fong, CH Hasegawa, S TI Limonoid and flavonoid composition in varieties of Papeda and Papedocitrus SO BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMATICS AND ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citrus; limonoids; flavonoids; papeda; Cabuyao; Citrus latipes; C-hystrix; C-macrophylla; C-webberii; C-junos; C-wilsonii; C-ichangensis ID CITRUS-SUDACHI; SEEDS; ICHANGENSIN; JUNOS AB The limonoids of the seeds and the flavonoids of the leaves of a number of species of the Citrus sub-genus Papeda were examined. The seeds contained only the normal citrus limonoids and did not contain ichangensin, the unique limonoid found in C. ichangensis. A flavonoid analysis showed that a number of papeda varieties including C. latipes and C. hystrix may be a papeda hybrid species. C. junos had flavanone neoheperidosides, which are also found in cultivars related to the pummelo. All papedas examined had rutin present, which is characteristic of cultivars related to the citron. Citrus ichangensis had the most complex flavone/flavonol pattern of all the papedas examined. This suggests that Citrus ichangensis may truly he a unique papeda species unlike that of the other papedas. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd RP Berhow, MA (reprint author), ARS, BIOACT CONSTITUENTS RES UNIT, NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES, USDA, 1815 N UNIV ST, PEORIA, IL 61604 USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-1978 J9 BIOCHEM SYST ECOL JI Biochem. Syst. Ecol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 237 EP 242 DI 10.1016/0305-1978(95)00109-3 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA UU914 UT WOS:A1996UU91400007 ER PT J AU Shelton, DR Khader, S Karns, JS Pogell, BM AF Shelton, DR Khader, S Karns, JS Pogell, BM TI Metabolism of twelve herbicides by Streptomyces SO BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE biotransformation; herbicides; incubation; metabolism ID SOIL; METOLACHLOR AB Experiments were conducted to assess the ability of Streptomyces (strain PS1/5) to metabolize twelve herbicides representing several different classes including: acetanilides, triazines, ureas, uracils, and imidazoles. Incubations in aqueous culture with dextrin as carbon source and either ammonium or Casamino acids as nitrogen source resulted in transformations (> 50%) of eight of the herbicides tested: alachlor, metolachlor, atrazine, prometryne, ametryne, linuron, tebuthiuron, and bromacil; the remaining four herbicides (cyanazine, diuron, metribuzin, and imazapyr) were also transformed, but to a lesser extent. In most instances, biotransformations occurred concurrently with growth and results were consistent regardless of the nitrogen source (ammonium vs. Casamino acids). However, in some instances there were differences in rates of biotransformation as a consequence of the nitrogen source (e.g. alachlor, metribuzin), suggesting the selective induction of certain metabolic enzymes; in other instances biotransformations were not associated with growth, suggesting secondary metabolism. An experiment was also conducted to assess the ability of Streptomyces (strain PS1/5) to metabolize atrazine contaminated soil. Inoculation of soil amended with 20 mu g/g of atrazine and 5% chitin as carbon source resulted in ca. 78% removal of atrazine within 28 days. These data suggest that Streptomyces species may be potential candidates for soil inoculation to bioremediate herbicide contaminated soils. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SOIL MICROBIAL SYST LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Shelton, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,NAT RESOURCES INST,BLDG 007,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 17 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0923-9820 J9 BIODEGRADATION JI Biodegradation PD APR PY 1996 VL 7 IS 2 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1007/BF00114625 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UK919 UT WOS:A1996UK91900005 PM 8882805 ER PT J AU Gross, HR Rogers, CE Carpenter, JE AF Gross, HR Rogers, CE Carpenter, JE TI Development of Archytas marmoratus (Diptera: Tachinidae) reared in Galleria mellonella larvae (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) feeding on selected diets SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Archytas marmoratus; Tachinidae; greater wax moth; Galleria mellonella; Pyralidae; in vivo rearing AB Four diets commonly used to rear the greater wax moth, Galleria mellonella (L.), were evaluated for their effects on the development of a harbored tachinid parasitoid, Archytas marmoratus Townsend. A diet developed by E. G. King et al. (U.S. Department of Agriculture, Science and Education Administration, Advances in Agricultural Technology, Southern Series No. 3, 1979) was selected for further improvement, Incorporating up to 2 ml of a vitamin mix and up to 30 g of granular sucrose into the King et at diet (approximate to 165 g) had no significant influence on the weight of G. mellonella larvae or development of A. marmoratus. However, as little as 5 g of torula yeast, honeycomb wax, or wheat germ added to the King et al. diet or to varying ratios of Gerber's Mixed and Hi-Protein cereals increased the weight of mature G. mellonella larvae and subsequently male and female A. mannoratus reared from G. mellonella hosts. The King et al. diet supplemented with torula yeast, honeycomb wax, and wheat germ may be used for mass propagation of A. marmoratus until an artificial diet for its in vitro rearing is developed. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD APR PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 158 EP 163 DI 10.1006/bcon.1996.0020 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA UC687 UT WOS:A1996UC68700003 ER PT J AU Sivinski, JM Calkins, CO Baranowski, R Harris, D Brambila, J Diaz, J Burns, RE Holler, T Dodson, G AF Sivinski, JM Calkins, CO Baranowski, R Harris, D Brambila, J Diaz, J Burns, RE Holler, T Dodson, G TI Suppression of a Caribbean fruit fly (Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) Diptera: Tephritidae) population through augmented releases of the parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE biological control; augmented release; Anastrepha suspensa; Diachasmimorpha longicaudata; Doryctobracon areolatus; Tephritidae; Braconidae AB Augmented releases of adult Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) to control the Caribbean fruit fly Anastrepha suspensa (Loew) were carried out in two urban Florida locations: Key Biscayne and Clewiston. In the former, 60,000 adult parasitoids/km(2)/week were released near host trees, Fruit fly populations during winter and much of spring appeared to be suppressed to 5-10% of levels found during a previous survey of the Key Biscayne site and a neighboring control area. Parasitism levels were difficult to quantify, but were generally higher in release areas. Sampling difficulties also create problems in demonstrating causation. The Clewiston releases were less consistent in number and size, but previous to their temporary suppression, Caribbean fruit flies were apparently also substantially suppressed, A second species of braconid, Doryctobracon areolatus (Szepligeti), common in the Clewiston area control sites, was apparently nearly eliminated from the release site, Sex ratios of wasps recovered from sampled fruit were male-biased in both release areas though the factor(s) responsible are unknown. Augmented releases of D. longicaudata may be particularly useful in suppressing Caribbean fruit fly populations in areas where more traditional methods such as insecticide-bait sprays and sterile male releases are impractical. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 IFAS,CTR TROP RES & EDUC,HOMESTEAD,FL 33031. FLORIDA DEPT AGR & CONSUMER SERV,DIV PLANT IND,GAINESVILLE,FL 32614. USDA,APHIS,PPQ,CARIBBEAN FRUIT FLY STN,GAINESVILLE,FL. BALL STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MUNCIE,IN 47306. RP Sivinski, JM (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604, USA. NR 25 TC 86 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD APR PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 177 EP 185 DI 10.1006/bcon.1996.0022 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA UC687 UT WOS:A1996UC68700005 ER PT J AU Bruckart, WL Politis, DJ Defago, G Rosenthal, SS Supkoff, DM AF Bruckart, WL Politis, DJ Defago, G Rosenthal, SS Supkoff, DM TI Susceptibility of Carduus, Cirsium, and Cynara species artificially inoculated with Puccinia carduorum from musk thistle SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE uredinales; rust fungus; musk thistle; foreign pathogen; nontarget risk; artichoke; classical biological control ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; SUBANGUINA-PICRIDIS; TENUIFLORUS AB control of Carduus thoermeri under controlled greenhouse and field conditions. We measured the susceptibility of 16 accessions of C thoermeri (the target weed), 10 accessions of related weedy Carduus spp,, 22 native and 2 weedy Cirsium species, and Cynara scolymus (artichoke). All collections (including 99.2% of the individuals) of C. thoermeri were very susceptible, as were collections of putative hybrids between C. thoermeri and other large-flowered Carduus spp. Disease incidence on Carduus nutans or Carduus macrocephalus was between 0 to 5% of plants inoculated. Of the 454 individual Cirsium thistles inoculated, 83% did not develop symptoms (= immune) at any stage of growth, including all individuals in 11 species, For the Cirsium species in which symptoms were observed, 75% were immune when inoculated 4-5 weeks after planting, and no susceptible reactions developed after reinoculation of these individuals 2 weeks later. A similar effect of plant age and susceptibility was noted for Cy. scolymus. Results similar to those in the greenhouse occurred also from field inoculations of eight selected Cirsium spp., two Cynara spp., and three Carduus spp. in Switzerland. All individuals of C. thoermeri were susceptible; ratings for disease severity were between ''2'' and ''4'' (the maximum rating), For the remainder of the species, the highest rating was ''1'' for Cirsium and Cynara spp. and ''2'' for the other Carduus spp, Despite the symptoms on species other than C thoermeri, P. carduorum was considered low risk because infections on these species were weak and the pathogen could not be maintained on any nontarget species under optimal greenhouse conditions. Data from these experiments were part of a proposal to the USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS), for use of P. carduorum in the United States for biological control. Permission was granted by APHIS and the Virginia Department of Agriculture in 1987 to conduct a field study of P. carduorum near Blacksburg, Virginia. C1 ETH ZURICH,ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. USDA ARS,BCWR,BOZEMAN,MT 59717. CALIF ENVIRONM PROTECT AGCY,ENVIRONM MONITORING BRANCH,SACRAMENTO,CA 95814. RP Bruckart, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS,FDWSRU,FREDERICK,MD 21702, USA. NR 23 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD APR PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 215 EP 221 DI 10.1006/bcon.1996.0026 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA UC687 UT WOS:A1996UC68700009 ER PT J AU Yokomi, RK Tang, YQ AF Yokomi, RK Tang, YQ TI A survey of parasitoids of brown citrus aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Puerto Rico SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Toxoptera citricida; biological control; Lysiphlebus testaceipes; citrus tristeza virus; Lysiphlebus japonicus AB The brown citrus aphid Toxoptera citricida (Kirkaldy) (Homoptera: Aphididae) is a pest of citrus and an efficient vector of citrus tristeza virus. Reproducing populations of this aphid were first detected in Puerto Rico in April 1992. In 1994, we surveyed citrus in Puerto Rico for the aphid and its parasitoids. The brown citrus aphid was the most abundant aphid on citrus and its populations were statistically higher in April than in July and December. Aphid populations in commercial and dooryard citrus were significantly higher than those in nurseries (P < 0.05). Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) was the only primary parasitoid found attacking the aphid. The parasitism rate was only 3.6% overall and was somewhat greater in April at 5.9% and December at 7.0% than in July at 2.9%. Parasitism was higher in dooryard citrus than in commercial or nursery fields (P < 0.05). Primary parasitoid emergence rate from mummies was low at 4.0%, indicating that the brown citrus aphid was a marginal host or that conditions were not adequate. A low level of hyperparasitism by Pachyneuron sp. was also observed. We conclude that the aphid was not under good biological control by parasitoids and suggest that classical biological control efforts should be undertaken. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 FUJIAN AGR UNIV,BIOL CONTROL RES INST,FUJIAN 350002,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP Yokomi, RK (reprint author), USDA ARS,HORT RES LAB,2120 CAMDEN RD,ORLANDO,FL 32803, USA. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD APR PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 222 EP 225 DI 10.1006/bcon.1996.0027 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA UC687 UT WOS:A1996UC68700010 ER PT J AU Gazit, Y Lewis, WJ Tumlinson, JH AF Gazit, Y Lewis, WJ Tumlinson, JH TI Arrestment of Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) by a kairomone associated with eggs of its host, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Telenomus remus; Spodoptera frugiperda; contact kairomones; egg parasitoid; fall armyworm; photoperiod; semiochemicals ID TRICHOGRAMMA-PRETIOSUM; HELIOTHIS-ZEA; ENTOMOPHAGOUS INSECTS; MOTH SCALES; RECOGNITION KAIROMONE; ABDOMINAL TIPS; SEX-PHEROMONE; MANAGEMENT; EVANESCENS; BEHAVIOR AB Telenomus remus Nixon females, but not males, were arrested after contacting a kairomone(s) extracted from eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith). Bioassays were used to characterize the retention of the wasp in an area treated with the kairomone(s). The retention time in the treated area was affected by dose of the kairomone and also by the dimensions of the treated area. Female wasps were most sensitive to the kairomone, and were arrested for a longer period, at the beginning of the scotophase. Maximal response was exhibited by young, 2- to 4-day-old wasps. The wasps also were arrested by a kairomone(s) extracted from whole bodies of adult male or female moths. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP Gazit, Y (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604, USA. RI Tumlinson, James/G-8358-2011 NR 31 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD APR PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 283 EP 290 DI 10.1006/bcon.1996.0035 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA UC687 UT WOS:A1996UC68700018 ER PT J AU Uthus, EO Poellot, RA AF Uthus, EO Poellot, RA TI Dietary folate affects the response of rats to nickel deprivation SO BIOLOGICAL TRACE ELEMENT RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ni deprivation; Ni essentiality; folate deprivation; vitamin B-12 metabolism; methionine metabolism ID FOLIC-ACID DEFICIENCY; SULFUR AMINO-ACIDS; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; NITROUS-OXIDE; METHYLENETETRAHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE; VITAMIN-B12; INTERRELATIONS; INACTIVATION; SYNTHETASE; METABOLISM AB Because vitamin B-12 and Ni are known to interact and because of the similar metabolic roles of vitamin B-12 and folate, an experiment was performed to determine the effect of dietary folate on Ni deprivation in rats. A 2 x 2 factorially arranged experiment used groups of nine weanling Sprague-Dawley rats. Dietary variables were Ni, as NiCl2 . 6H(2)O, 0 or 1 mu g/g; and folic acid, 0 or 2 mg/kg. The basal diet, based on skim milk, contained less than 20 ng Ni/g. After 54 d, an interaction between dietary Ni and folate affected several variables including erythrocyte folate, plasma amino acids, and femur trace elements. For example, folate deprivation decreased erythrocyte folate; folate supplementation to the Ni-supplemented rats caused a larger increase in erythrocyte folate concentration than did folate supplementation to the Ni-deprived rats. Also, dietary Ni affected several plasma amino acids important in one-carbon metabolism (e.g., Ni deprivation increased the plasma concentrations of glycine and serine). This study shows that dietary Ni, folate, and their interaction can affect variables associated with one-carbon metabolism. This study does not show a specific site of action of Ni but it indicates that Ni may be important in processes related to the vitamin B-12-dependent pathway in methionine metabolism, possibly one-carbon metabolism. RP Uthus, EO (reprint author), USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,POB 9034,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202, USA. NR 34 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 SN 0163-4984 J9 BIOL TRACE ELEM RES JI Biol. Trace Elem. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 52 IS 1 BP 23 EP 35 DI 10.1007/BF02784087 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UK013 UT WOS:A1996UK01300003 PM 8860663 ER PT J AU Horwath, WR Elliott, LF AF Horwath, WR Elliott, LF TI Microbial C and N dynamics during mesophilic and thermophilic incubations of ryegrass SO BIOLOGY AND FERTILITY OF SOILS LA English DT Article DE microbial biomass; carbon; nitrogen; chloroform-fumigation extraction; temperature ID PHANEROCHAETE-CHRYSOSPORIUM; LIGNIN DEGRADATION; ORGANIC-MATTER; NITROGEN; SOIL; CARBON; BIOMASS; WHEAT; RESIDUES; COMPOST AB Laboratory studies were conducted to determine C and N dynamics during the decomposition of ryegrass straw under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. A K-C of 0.61 was developed for the chloroform-fumigation extraction method to estimate microbial biomass C. These estimates showed that the C and N requirement of the thermophilic biomass was approximately 50% of the mesophilic biomass. There was no relationship between chloroform-fumigation microbial biomass estimates and plating of microorganisms from straw on specific media. Mineralized C was measured as 185 and 210 g kg(-1) straw in the 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C treatments, respectively. The efficiency of microbial substrate use, on a total straw basis, was 34 and 28% in the 25 degrees C and 50 degrees C incubations, respectively. The level of soluble C declined more slowly than total C mineralization at both temperatures, indicating that a portion of the labile C was not readily biodegradable, The addition of N decreased the rate of C mineralization at both temperatures. The reduced N requirement of the thermophiles explains why rapid degradation of the high C:N residue occurred without additional N or the need for the addition of a low C:N ratio substrate. Additional inoculum did not affect the decomposition process. We conclude that the promotion of thermophilic biomass activities, through composting for example, may prove useful in upgrading agricultural wastes for introduction into sustainable cropping systems. RP Horwath, WR (reprint author), ARS,USDA,NATL FORAGE SEED PROD RES CTR,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0178-2762 J9 BIOL FERT SOILS JI Biol. Fertil. Soils PD APR PY 1996 VL 22 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 9 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA UK606 UT WOS:A1996UK60600001 ER PT J AU Fricke, PM Ford, JJ Reynolds, LP Redmer, DA AF Fricke, PM Ford, JJ Reynolds, LP Redmer, DA TI Growth and cellular proliferation of antral follicles throughout the follicular phase of the estrous cycle in Meishan gilts SO BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; BROMODEOXYURIDINE; OVARY; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; KINETICS; RATS; PIGS AB Meishan gilts were ovariectomized 2 h after an i.v. injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU, a thymidine analogue; 5 mg/kg body weight) on Days 15-19 of the estrous cycle or 24-30 h after observed estrus (post LH, PLH). All antral follicles greater than or equal to 3 mm from one ovary were fixed in Carnoy's solution. Granulosa and thecal cell labeling indexes (LI; percentage of nuclei staining for BrdU) as well as LI of cells within the basal, middle, and antral thirds of the granulosa cell layer were estimated for each follicle. In addition, antral and granulosa cell layer volume, granulosa cell layer thickness, granulosa cell density, number of granulosa cells, and number of S-phase cells per hour were estimated for each follicle. Mean follicular diameter increased linearly (p < 0.01) from Day 15 to PLH, with a growth rate of 0.77 mm/day. Granulosa and thecal cell LI decreased (p < 0.01) from Day 15 to PLH; however, granulosa cell LI was greater (p < 0.01) than thecal cell LI on Days 15 and 16 but less (p < 0.05) than thecal cell LI on Day 19. Follicles collected from PLH gilts contained no labeled granulosa cells. Cells within the basal third of the granulosa cell layer contained fewer (p < 0.01) labeled nuclei than did cells within the middle or antral thirds. In addition, LI within the basal and middle thirds of the granulosa cell layer decreased (p < 0.01) from Days 15 to 18 and from Days 15 to 17, respectively whereas LI within the antral third remained constant from Days 15 to 18. Granulosa cell layer thickness was greatest (p < 0.01) on Day 15, then decreased (p < 0.01) and was similar from Day 16 to PLH. Granulosa cell density was similar from Days 15 to 19, then decreased (p < 0.01) for PLH gilts, Antral and granulosa cell layer volumes increased linearly (p < 0.01) from Days 15 to 19 and Day 15 to PLH, respectively, resulting in 2.8 and 1.9 volume doublings and doubling times of 1.4 and 2.7 days, respectively. Number of granulosa cells per follicle increased linearly (p < 0.01) from Day 15 to PLH, resulting in 1.5 cell doublings and a doubling time of 3.3 days. Number of S-phase cells per follicle per hour was similar from Days 15 to 18 and then decreased (p < 0.01) from Day 18 to PLH. In summary, the percentages of proliferating granulosa and thecal cells decreased throughout the final stages of antral follicular development. Differentiation of granulosa cells occurred from the basal to the antral area as follicles matured. We propose that, during the latter stages of follicular development, the rapid increase in follicular diameter resulted primarily from expansion of the antral cavity, whereas increases in the granulosa cell layer volume and number of granulosa cells per follicle maintained a constant granulosa cell layer thickness. C1 AGR RES CTR, USDA, ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR, REPROD RES UNIT, CLAY CTR, NE 68933 USA. N DAKOTA STATE UNIV, DEPT ANIM & RANGE SCI, FARGO, ND 58105 USA. RI Reynolds, Lawrence/I-5267-2015; OI Reynolds, Lawrence/0000-0002-6838-7809; Fricke, Paul/0000-0002-1488-7672 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC STUDY REPRODUCTION PI MADISON PA 1603 MONROE ST, MADISON, WI 53711-2021 USA SN 0006-3363 J9 BIOL REPROD JI Biol. Reprod. PD APR PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 879 EP 887 DI 10.1095/biolreprod54.4.879 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology SC Reproductive Biology GA UA366 UT WOS:A1996UA36600018 PM 8924509 ER PT J AU Sanderson, MA Reed, RL McLaughlin, SB Wullschleger, SD Conger, BV Parrish, DJ Wolf, DD Taliaferro, C Hopkins, AA Ocumpaugh, WR Hussey, MA Read, JC Tischler, CR AF Sanderson, MA Reed, RL McLaughlin, SB Wullschleger, SD Conger, BV Parrish, DJ Wolf, DD Taliaferro, C Hopkins, AA Ocumpaugh, WR Hussey, MA Read, JC Tischler, CR TI Switchgrass as a sustainable bioenergy crop SO BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Alternative Energy Conference - Liquid Fuels, Lubricants and Additives from Biomass CY JUN 15-18, 1994 CL KANSAS CITY, MO SP Amer Soc Agr Engineers ID FORAGE GRASSES; UNITED-STATES; SEED DORMANCY; BIOMASS; ESTABLISHMENT; REGENERATION; BAHIAGRASS; YIELDS AB Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) shows potential as a sustainable herbaceous energy crop from which a renewable source of transportation fuel and/or biomass-generated electricity could be derived. In 1992, a new research program focused on developing switchgrass as a biomass energy feedstock was initiated by the U.S. Department of Energy in five of the southern United States. The multifaceted multi-institution research addresses breeding for improved biomass yields, regional field rests, cultural practices, physiology and tissue culture. Recent progress is highlighted in this paper. Preliminary results from the breeding program indicate that recurrent restricted phenotypic selection could lead to development of new cultivars. A technique for regenerating switchgrass plants via tissue culture has been proven and new populations of regenerated plants have been established in the field. Performance trials at three regional cultivar testing centers in Virginia, Alabama and Texas have shown that 'Alamo' switchgrass has higher biomass yield and broader adaptability than other cultivars rested. Research on management practices designed to maximize biomass yield has shown that multiple harvests of switchgrass may reduce total seasonal yields in some instances and that responses to fertilizer inputs vary with the environment. Seed dormancy often retards rapid establishment of competitive stands of switchgrass. Our research has indicated that seed dormancy can be modified, resulting in increased seed germination and a greater number of switchgrass plants. Research on the physiology of switchgrass has shown that lowland and upland ecotypes differ in photosynthetic rate but not in respiration rate. Findings in each of these areas can contribute to development of switchgrass as a sustainable bioenergy crop. Future research will address molecular biology techniques for exploiting genetic variation, explore canopy architecture and carbon allocation patterns affecting biomass yield, elucidate key factors in successful establishment of switchgrass and provide technology transfer that facilitates scale-up of switchgrass production for commercial energy production. (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PLANT SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. VIRGINIA TECH,DEPT CROP & SOIL ENVIRONM SCI,BLACKSBURG,VA. OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,DEPT AGRON,STILLWATER,OK 74078. TEXAS A&M UNIV,AGR RES STN,BEEVILLE,TX. TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT SOIL & CROP SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR AGR RES & EXTENS,DALLAS,TX. USDA ARS,TEMPLE,TX 76502. RP Sanderson, MA (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR AGR RES & EXTENS,STEPHENVILLE,TX 76401, USA. RI Wullschleger, Stan/B-8297-2012 OI Wullschleger, Stan/0000-0002-9869-0446 NR 47 TC 211 Z9 235 U1 3 U2 55 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0960-8524 J9 BIORESOURCE TECHNOL JI Bioresour. Technol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 56 IS 1 BP 83 EP 93 DI 10.1016/0960-8524(95)00176-X PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels GA VG116 UT WOS:A1996VG11600013 ER PT J AU Cutler, HG Parker, SR Ross, SA Crumley, FG Schreiner, PR AF Cutler, HG Parker, SR Ross, SA Crumley, FG Schreiner, PR TI Homobotcinolide: A biologically active natural homolog of botcinolide from Botrytis cinerea SO BIOSCIENCE BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE homobotcinolide; Botrytis cinerea; 4-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; plant-growth inhibitor AB A novel natural product exhibiting biological activity was isolated from a strain of Botrytis cinerea that had infected raspherry fruit (Rubus ideaus). Liquid fermentation and bioassay-directed fractionation of the organism yielded a compound with molecular formula C22H38O8 that is trivially named homobotcinolide. It significantly inhibited etiolated wheat coleoptile growth. Greenhouse-grown bean, corn, and tobacco plants mere also affected by exogenous applications of homobotcinolide, severe chlorosis and necrosis being exhibited in corn. The compound is a polyhydroxylated nonalactone esterified with 4-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid. C1 UNIV MISSISSIPPI, SCH PHARM, PHARMACEUT SCI RES INST, UNIVERSITY, MS 38677 USA. UNIV GEORGIA, DEPT CHEM, ATHENS, GA 30602 USA. RP Cutler, HG (reprint author), USDA ARS, RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR, POB 5677, ATHENS, GA 30613 USA. RI Schreiner, Peter Richard/A-4084-2008 OI Schreiner, Peter Richard/0000-0002-3608-5515 FU NCRR NIH HHS [2-P41-RR05351-06] NR 6 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0916-8451 EI 1347-6947 J9 BIOSCI BIOTECH BIOCH JI Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 60 IS 4 BP 656 EP 658 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UH214 UT WOS:A1996UH21400022 PM 8829534 ER PT J AU Sreenath, HK Jeffries, TW AF Sreenath, HK Jeffries, TW TI A variable-tilt fermentation rack for screening organisms in microfuge tubes SO BIOTECHNOLOGY TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article AB We designed a variable-tilt microfuge fermentation rack to screen liquid cultures of wild and mutant yeasts for ethanol production. The rack design allows for the evaluation of up to 40 cultures in the space normally required for three 125 mL Erlenmeyer flasks. Microfuge tubes containing 1.0 mL of inoculated medium were placed in the rack and incubated with shaking. This technique gave reproducible rates of ethanol formation in relation to sugar uptake. C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,INST MICROBIAL & BIOCHEM TECHNOL,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0951-208X J9 BIOTECHNOL TECH JI Biotechnol. Tech. PD APR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 239 EP 242 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UG890 UT WOS:A1996UG89000005 ER PT J AU Rosebrough, RW Mitchell, AD McMurtry, JP AF Rosebrough, RW Mitchell, AD McMurtry, JP TI Carry-over effects of dietary crude protein and triiodothyronine (T-3) in broiler chickens SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE dietary protein; triiodothyronine; lipogenesis; chicken ID LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE ACTIVITY; GROWTH-HORMONE; THYROID-HORMONES; BODY-FAT; PLASMA; LIPOGENESIS; COCKERELS; INCREASES; INSULIN; FATNESS AB Indian River male broiler chickens growing from 7 to 30 d of age were fed on diets containing crude protein levels ranging from 120 to 300 g/kg plus 0 or 1 mg triiodothyronine (T-3/kg diet, The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of these treatments on lipogenesis after a common diet was fed (180 g crude protein/kg diet from 30 to 56 d of age), Dietary treatment groups were sampled at 30 and 56 d. In vitro lipogenesis was determined by incubating liver explants for 2 h at 37 degrees in Hanks' salts containing 25 mM-HEPES and 10 mM-[2-C-14]acetate and then measuring acetate incorporation into total lipid. Growth and feed consumption from 7 to 30 d increased (P < 0.01) as dietary protein increased from 120 to 210 g/kg diet, Both measurements decreased as crude protein increased from 210 to 300 g/kg diet. T-3 decreased (P < 0.01) growth and feed intake during this period. Low-protein (< 180 g/kg) diets increased (P < 0.05) and T-3 decreased lipogenesis in 30-d-old chickens. Although birds given T-3 from 7 to 30 d grew at the greatest rate from 30 to 56 d of age, the final body weight was still less than controls. In vitro lipogenesis at 56 d of age was not affected by either of the two dietary treatments, In contrast, the relative size of the abdominal fat pad (g/kg body weight) at 56 d was decreased by feeding T-3 from 7 to 30 d, Any changes in metabolism elicited by either dietary protein levels or hormone treatments may be specific to the particular dosing interval and are not sustained when a common diet is fed during a repletion period. RP Rosebrough, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,GROWTH BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0007-1145 J9 BRIT J NUTR JI Br. J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 75 IS 4 BP 573 EP 581 DI 10.1079/BJN19960160 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UK307 UT WOS:A1996UK30700006 PM 8672409 ER PT J AU Turner, CE Piper, GL Coombs, EM AF Turner, CE Piper, GL Coombs, EM TI Chaetorellia australis (Diptera: Tephritidae) for biological control of yellow starthistle, Centaurea solstitialis (Compositae), in the western USA: Establishment and seed destruction SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HOST SPECIFICITY; ASTERACEAE; CANDIDATE; KNAPWEED; INSECTS AB Yellow starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis Linnaeus) (Compositae), native to Eurasia and the Mediterranean Basin, is a spiny and poisonous, naturalized, invasive weed of grasslands and other environments in the western USA. Chaetorellia australis Hering is a trivoltine natural enemy of yellow starthistle whose larvae feed on developing seeds within capitula. Following host-specificity studies in Greece and the USA, C. australis was first introduced from Greece into the USA in 1988 for the biological control of yellow starthistle. Field samples of yellow starthistle capitula revealed that 10.3% (four years after initial release) and 18.0% (three years after initial release) of capitula at Colfax, Washington, and Merlin, Oregon, respectively, were infested by greater than or equal to 1 C. australis (mature larvae or empty puparia). Both sites also contained naturalized, weedy populations of Centaurea cyanus, a second host-plant of Chaetorellia australis. The fly was also recovered from Centaurea cyanus capitula two years after its release at Kendrick, Idaho. The potential importance of the presence of C. cyanus for Chaetorellia australis and biological control of yellow starthistle is discussed. At the Colfax site, all infested yellow starthistle capitula contained 1 C. australis, while at the Merlin site 28.8% of infested capitula contained > 1 C. australis, With a mean of 1.36 C. australis per infested capitulum. A preliminary seed destruction impact study at the Merlin site showed that there was a 83.4% reduction in seeds per capitulum infested by greater than or equal to 1 C. australis, and the presence of > 1 C. australis resulted in a 95.4% reduction in seeds per infested capitulum. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,PULLMAN,WA 99164. OREGON DEPT AGR,SALEM,OR. RP Turner, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU C A B INTERNATIONAL PI WALLINGFORD PA WALLINGFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX10 8DE SN 0007-4853 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 86 IS 2 BP 177 EP 182 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UE244 UT WOS:A1996UE24400012 ER PT J AU Minocha, R Shortle, WC Coughlin, DJ Minocha, SC AF Minocha, R Shortle, WC Coughlin, DJ Minocha, SC TI Effects of aluminum on growth, polyamine metabolism, and inorganic ions in suspension cultures of red spruce (Picea rubens) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID ABIES L KARST; NUTRIENT SOLUTION; FOREST DECLINE; SEEDLINGS; SOIL; TOXICITY; CALCIUM; ACID; MAGNESIUM; PLANT AB The influence of age of red spruce (Picea rubens Sarg.) cell suspensions on aluminum (Al) effects was studied by adding AlCl3 (0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mM) to the media on each day of a 7-day culture period and analyzing for changes in total cell mass, polyamines, arginine decarboxylase activity, and inorganic ions after 24 h of incubation. The effective concentrations of monomeric Al in the medium were found to be approximately 0.09, 0.23, and 0.48 mM, respectively. All levels of Al inhibited growth and increased cellular putrescine levels and arginine decarboxylase activity. Spermidine and spermine levels were either slightly elevated or not affected by Al. Cellular content of Ca, Mg, Mn, and K decreased, while Al and P increased in Al-treated cells. Aluminum effects, in general, were dose dependent. Since the response to 24 h incubation with Al was generally independent of culture age, 3-day-old cultures were selected to further study short- and long-term (4 h to 11 days) effects of Al. Cellular putrescine levels remained elevated in the Al-treated cells for the entire duration of the experiment. There was a sharp dose-dependent increase in spermine levels by the 7th day of incubation. After the initial decrease, Al treatments for longer than 2 to 4 days did not cause consistent effects on Ca, Mn, and Mg levels. Potassium decreased and P and Al increased in a dose-dependent manner over the 11-day culture period. C1 UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT PLANT BIOL,DURHAM,NH 03824. RP Minocha, R (reprint author), USDA,FOREST SERV,NE FOREST EXPT STN,POB 640,DURHAM,NH 03824, USA. NR 41 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD APR PY 1996 VL 26 IS 4 BP 550 EP 559 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UH468 UT WOS:A1996UH46800005 ER PT J AU McRoberts, RE AF McRoberts, RE TI Estimating variation in field crew estimates of site index SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID GROWTH; MODEL; YIELD AB Variances of red maple (Acer rubrum L.) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) site index estimates were determined using nonlinear mixed effects modeling procedures and simulations. Site index curves for each species were constructed using repeated height-age observations for individual trees and plot site index estimates. Plot site index was calculated by linearly interpolating between the height observations corresponding to age observations bracketing the index age for each tree and then averaging over trees. Nonlinear mixed effects modeling procedures were used to estimate the parameters of the site index curve model because of the longitudinal, repeated-measures nature of the height-age data. Plot site index variances were determined by simulating the procedure used by Forest Inventory and Analysis field crews of the USDA Forest Service North Central Forest Experiment Station. At least three site index trees per plot were necessary to consistently obtain 95% confidence intervals whose widths were within +/- 20% of means. Variation among site index trees, residual variation around estimated height-age curves, and errors in height measurement were the greatest contributors to variation in plot site index estimates. Because the effects of these sources of variation cannot be readily reduced, it is unlikely that the variances of site index estimates can be reduced. RP McRoberts, RE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,N CENT FOREST EXPT STN,1992 FOLWELL AVE,ST PAUL,MN 55108, USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD APR PY 1996 VL 26 IS 4 BP 560 EP 565 PG 6 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UH468 UT WOS:A1996UH46800006 ER PT J AU Dey, DC Johnson, PS Garrett, HE AF Dey, DC Johnson, PS Garrett, HE TI Modeling the regeneration of oak stands in the Missouri Ozark Highlands SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article ID RED OAK; SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; GROWTH AB This paper describes a method for modeling the regeneration of even-aged oak stands in the Ozark Highlands of southern Missouri. The approach is based on (i) a growth model that is applicable to both oak sprouts and advance reproduction and (ii) a method for probabilistically estimating future size distributions of trees. The modeling method is illustrated using sprouting frequency, survival, and 5th-year height data for stump sprouts of five oak species. To consider the large residual variation in estimates of future sprout heights, nonlinear regression estimates of heights and their prediction errors are simultaneously used to estimate the probability that a sprout originating from a parent tree of a given species and diameter will grow into a specified 5th-year height class. To account for sprouting and survival failures, those probabilities are multiplied by logistic regression estimates of the probability that a parent tree will produce a sprout that survives to age 5. The resulting joint probabilities facilitate predicting future height distributions of surviving sprouts when the model is applied to a preharvest inventory of overstory trees. C1 US FOREST SERV, N CENT FOREST EXPT STN, COLUMBIA, MO 65211 USA. UNIV MISSOURI, SCH NAT RESOURCES, COLUMBIA, MO 65211 USA. RP Dey, DC (reprint author), ONTARIO MINIST NAT RESOURCES, ONTARIO FOREST RES INST, SAULT ST MARIE, ON P6A 5N5, CANADA. NR 58 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 1200 MONTREAL ROAD, BUILDING M-55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD APR PY 1996 VL 26 IS 4 BP 573 EP 583 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UH468 UT WOS:A1996UH46800008 ER PT J AU Kull, O Sober, A Coleman, MD Dickson, RE Isebrands, JG Gagnon, Z Karnosky, DF AF Kull, O Sober, A Coleman, MD Dickson, RE Isebrands, JG Gagnon, Z Karnosky, DF TI Photosynthetic responses of aspen clones to simultaneous exposures of ozone and CO2 SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International Meeting for Specialists in Air Pollution Effects on Forest Ecosystems - Air Pollution and Multiple Stresses CY SEP 07-09, 1994 CL FREDERICTON, CANADA SP Nat Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Serv, Fredericton ID BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE OXYGENASE; POPULUS-TREMULOIDES MICHX; CARBON-DIOXIDE; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; LOBLOLLY-PINE; GAS-EXCHANGE; DIFFERENTIAL RESPONSE; NET PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PHASEOLUS-VULGARIS AB Current projections indicate steady increases in both trophospheric ozone and carbon dioxide well into the next century with concurrent increases in plant stress. Because information about effects of these interacting stresses on forest trees is limited, we have conducted ozone and carbon dioxide experiments using ozone-tolerant and ozone-sensitive trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) clones (clones 216 and 259, respectively). Aspen plants were grown either in pots (square-wave study) or in the ground (episodic study) in open-top chambers. Plants in the square-wave study were exposed for a single growing season to charcoal-filtered air (CF) or to CF plus elevated carbon dioxide (CO2), ozone (O-3), or O-3 plus CO2 (O-3 + CO2). Plants in the episodic study were exposed for three growing seasons to CF, twice simulated ambient (2x) O-3 (2x O-3), or 2x O-3 plus CO2 (2x O-3 + CO2). Photosynthetic measurements were made either in the open-top chambers at treatment CO2 concentrations or in controlled-environment cuvettes with various CO2 concentrations, producing assimilation versus intercellular CO2 concentration (A/C-i) curves. Ozone decreased photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance and accelerated leaf senescence. Elevated CO2 increased photosynthetic rate and decreased stomatal conductance when measured at treatment CO2 concentrations, and exacerbated the negative effect of O-3 on photosynthesis. For example, for clone 259, photosynthesis decreased 9% for the O-3 treatment compared with the CF treatment, but decreased 24% for the O-3 + CO2 treatment compared with the CO2 treatment. Similar decreases for clone 216 of 2% and 6% for O-3 and O-3 + CO2, respectively, were not significant. A/C-i curves showed that O-3 decreased carboxylation efficiency and maximum photosynthetic rate and that photosynthetic inhibition in response to O-3 was greater with elevated CO2. The simultaneous declines in all factors of photosynthetic gas exchange measurements suggest that the equilibrium between stomatal conductance, carboxylation, and light harvesting systems was not disrupted by O-3 and O-3 x CO2 interactions. Carbon dioxide did not ameliorate the detrimental effects of O-3 on the leaf photosynthetic apparatus. In fact, the O-3-tolerant clone appeared more sensitive to O-3 with elevated CO2. C1 ESTONIAN ACAD SCI,INST ECOL,TARTU 2400,ESTONIA. US FOREST SERV,N CENT FOREST EXPT STN,RHINELANDER,WI 54501. MICHIGAN TECHNOL UNIV,SCH FORESTRY & WOOD PROD,HOUGHTON,MI 49931. RI Coleman, Mark/A-6741-2013 NR 63 TC 97 Z9 99 U1 1 U2 8 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0045-5067 J9 CAN J FOREST RES JI Can. J. For. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. For. PD APR PY 1996 VL 26 IS 4 BP 639 EP 648 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UH468 UT WOS:A1996UH46800017 ER PT J AU KatepaMupondwa, FM Barnes, DK Smith, SR AF KatepaMupondwa, FM Barnes, DK Smith, SR TI Influence of parent and temperature during pollination on alfalfa seed weight and number of seeds per pod SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa; Medicago sativa L; seed weight; number of seeds; temperature during pollination AB Alfalfa seed weight and number of seeds per pod are important characteristics which have been associated with seed yield and seed quality. The objective of this research was to investigate the relative influence of seed and pollen parents and temperature during pollination on individual seed weight and number of seeds per pod. The relative influence of seed position in the pod on seed weight was also investigated. Twelve diverse clones were designated as seed (4) and pollen (8) parents. They were grown in the greenhouse at 24/18 day/night temperature and then transferred to growth chambers which were maintained at either 18 or 27 degrees C during and 24 h after pollination. Seed weight and number of seeds per pod were influenced by temperature during pollination, and also by both seed and pollen parents. The position of the seed in the pod influenced seed weight. The largest seed occurred at the base of the pod, which may have resulted from a differential nutrient supply from the base to the top of the pod. The number of seeds per pod was greatest at 27 degrees C. This was attributed to enhanced pollen fertility and fertilization success at the higher temperature. Both seed and pollen parents influenced seed weight and number of seeds per pod, and there were significant seed x pollen parent interactions for both traits. Environmental influence and pod position effects on seed weight and number of seeds per pod were small when compared with genetic effects. Selection for seed characteristics in seed and pollen parents could improve alfalfa seed production and seed quality. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,USDA ARS,MWA,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP KatepaMupondwa, FM (reprint author), UNIV MANITOBA,DEPT PLANT SCI,WINNIPEG,MB R3T 2N2,CANADA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU AGR INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA SUITE 907 151 SLATER ST, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 259 EP 262 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UN492 UT WOS:A1996UN49200008 ER PT J AU Kallenbach, RL McGraw, RL Beuselinck, PR AF Kallenbach, RL McGraw, RL Beuselinck, PR TI Soil pH effects on growth and mineral concentration of birdsfoot trefoil SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Lotus corniculatus; nutrient concentration; rhizomatous growth; dry-matter distribution; pH tolerance ID ACID SOILS; ALUMINUM; TOLERANCE; ALFALFA AB Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) accessions G 31276 and G 31272 exhibit rhizomatous growth and were collected from alkaline soils (pH 8.0-8.5). Nothing is known about the adaptation of rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil to more acid soils. Our objective was to determine the effects of soil pH on plant growth and mineral concentration of rhizomatous and domestic non-rhizomatous birdsfoot trefoil. Three entries, Norcen, AU Dewey, and RBRC (a bulked reciprocal cross of G 31276 and G 31272), were grown at soil pH levels of 5.0, 6.0, 7.0 and 8.0 in a glasshouse. Dry-matter (DIM) production and concentrations of Al, Ca, K, P, Mg, Mn and Zn in tissues were determined. No significant entry x soil pH interaction was found for either DM accumulation or mineral concentration, indicating the RBRC responded to acidic soil pH like the domestic entries. Across entries, total DM was lower at soil pH 5.0 than at a higher pH. Concentration of Al and Zn in leaves and stems was greatest at soil pH 5.0 and declined with increasing pH. Calcium concentration in leaves and stems was highest at soil pH 8.0. Magnesium concentration was not affected by soil pH. Phosphorus concentration in leaves was lowest at soil pH 5.0 and tended to increase with increasing pH, whereas P concentration in stems was highest at pH 5.0 and not significantly different at pH 6.0, 7.0 or 8.0. Leaf K concentration was not affected by soil pH, but K concentration in stems was highest at pH 5.0. Manganese concentrations in leaves and stems followed an irregular pattern. Similar responses to soil pH among entries suggest that birdsfoot trefoil populations derived from accessions G 31276 and G 31272 will not likely be limited by soil pH. C1 UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT AGRON,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. USDA ARS,PLANT GENET RES UNIT,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. RP Kallenbach, RL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF,COOPERAT EXTENS,BLYTHE,CA 92225, USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 15 PU AGR INST CANADA PI OTTAWA PA SUITE 907 151 SLATER ST, OTTAWA ON K1P 5H4, CANADA SN 0008-4220 J9 CAN J PLANT SCI JI Can. J. Plant Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 76 IS 2 BP 263 EP 267 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UN492 UT WOS:A1996UN49200009 ER PT J AU Rohonczy, EB Balachandran, AV Dukes, TW Payeur, JB Rhyan, JC Saari, DA Whiting, TL Wilson, SH Jarnagin, JL AF Rohonczy, EB Balachandran, AV Dukes, TW Payeur, JB Rhyan, JC Saari, DA Whiting, TL Wilson, SH Jarnagin, JL TI A comparison of gross pathology, histopathology, and mycobacterial culture for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in elk (Cervus elaphus) SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE VETERINAIRE LA English DT Article ID DEER; PARATUBERCULOSIS; CATTLE; TESTS AB Using the isolation of Mycobacterium bovis as the reference standard, this study evaluated the sensitivity, specificity and kappa statistic of gross pathology (abattoir postmortem inspection), histopathology, and parallel or series combinations of the two for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in 430 elk and red deer. Two histopathology interpretations were evaluated: histopathology I, where the presence of lesions compatible with tuberculosis was considered positive, and histopathology II, where lesions compatible with tuberculosis or a select group of additional possible diagnoses were considered positive. In the 73 animals from which M. bovis was isolated, gross lesions of tuberculosis were most often in the lung (48), the retropharyngeal lymph nodes (36), the mesenteric lymph nodes (35), and the mediastinal lymph nodes (16). Other mycobacterial isolates included: 11 M. paratuberculosis, 11 M. avium, and 28 rapidly growing species or M. terrae complex. The sensitivity estimates of gross pathology and histopathology I were 93% (95% confidence limits [CL] 84,97%) and 88% [CL 77,94%], respectively, and the specificity of both was 89% [CL 85,92%]). The sensitivity and specificity of histopathology II were 89% (CL 79,95%) and 77% (CL 72,81%), respectively. The highest sensitivity estimates (93-95% [CL 84,98%]) were obtained by interpreting gross pathology and histopathology in parallel (where an animal had to be positive on at least one of the two, to be classified as combination positive). The highest specificity estimates (94-95% [CL 91-97%]) were generated when the two tests were interpreted in series (an animal had to be positive on both tests to be classified as combination positive). The presence of gross or microscopic lesions showed moderate to good agreement with the isolation of M. bovis (Kappa = 65-69%). The results show that post-mortem inspection, histopathology and culture do not necessarily recognize the same infected animals and that the spectra of animals identified by the tests overlaps. C1 USDA,NATL VET SERV LABS,AMES,IA 50010. AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,WINNIPEG,MB R3C 1B2,CANADA. RP Rohonczy, EB (reprint author), AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,ANIM DIS RES INST,BOX 11300,STN H,NEPEAN,ON K2H 8P9,CANADA. NR 27 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU CANADIAN VET MED ASSOC PI OTTAWA PA 339 BOOTH ST ATTN: KIMBERLY ALLEN-MCGILL, OTTAWA ON K1R 7K1, CANADA SN 0830-9000 J9 CAN J VET RES JI Can. J. Vet. Res.-Rev. Can. Rech. Vet. PD APR PY 1996 VL 60 IS 2 BP 108 EP 114 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UE627 UT WOS:A1996UE62700005 PM 8785715 ER PT J AU Contois, JH McNamara, JR LammiKeefe, CJ Wilson, PWF Massov, T Schaefer, EJ AF Contois, JH McNamara, JR LammiKeefe, CJ Wilson, PWF Massov, T Schaefer, EJ TI Reference intervals for plasma apolipoprotein A-I determined with a standardized commercial immunoturbidimetric assay: Results from the framingham offspring study SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lipids; lipoproteins; epidemiology; coronary heart disease; standardization ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; ARTERY DISEASE; INTERNATIONAL-FEDERATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; HDL-CHOLESTEROL; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; SERUM-LIPIDS; MEN; WOMEN AB We have evaluated a commercially available, standardized immunoturbidimetric assay of apolipoprotein (ape) A-I, the major protein constituent of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). We determined the reference ranges of plasma apo A-I concentration for white men and women and related these values to the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The mean between-run CV for this assay was 2.9%. As determined with individuals participating in cycle 4 of the Framingham Offspring Study, the mean (+/- SD) apo A-I concentration was 13 % lower in 1879 men (1.34 +/- 0.23 g/L) than in 1939 women (1.54 +/- 0.28 g/L) (P <0.001). An apo A-I concentration of 1.20 g/L roughly corresponded to the 25th percentile value in men and the 5th percentile in women, and subjects with a concentration below this value were significantly more likely to have CHD than subjects with a higher concentration (P <0.001). C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. NHLBI,FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HV-83-03] NR 43 TC 103 Z9 110 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 42 IS 4 BP 507 EP 514 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA UD765 UT WOS:A1996UD76500006 PM 8605666 ER PT J AU Contois, JH McNamara, JR LammiKeefe, CJ Wilson, PWF Massov, T Schaefer, EJ AF Contois, JH McNamara, JR LammiKeefe, CJ Wilson, PWF Massov, T Schaefer, EJ TI Reference intervals for plasma apolipoprotein B determined with a standardized commercial immunoturbidimetric assay: Results from the Framingham Offspring Study SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lipids; lipoproteins; coronary heart disease; epidemiology; standardization ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; A-I; ARTERY DISEASE; INTERNATIONAL-FEDERATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; SUBCLASS PATTERNS; SERUM-LIPIDS; RISK AB We evaluated a commercially available, standardized immunoturbidimetric assay for apolipoprotein (ape) B, the protein constituent of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), to establish reference ranges for men and women, and to determine the concentrations associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). The between-run CV for assay of a normal-concentration control for this assay was 6.60%. The mean (+/- SD) apo B concentration was 1.03 +/- 0.24 g/L in 1880 men, significantly higher than the mean for 1944 women (0.96 +/- 0.26 g/L) participating in cycle 4 of the Framingham Offspring Study (P <0.001). An apo B value of 1.20 g/L corresponded roughly to the 75th percentile in men, similar to an LDL cholesterol concentration of 1.60 g/L, and subjects with concentrations greater than this were significantly more likely to have CHD than subjects with apo B concentrations less than 1.00 g/L, the approximate 50th percentile (P <0.05 in men and P <0.001 in women). C1 TUFTS UNIV, USDA, JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING, LIPID METAB LAB, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. UNIV CONNECTICUT, DEPT NUTR SCI, STORRS, CT 06269 USA. NHLBI, FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY, FRAMINGHAM, MA 01701 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HV-83-03] NR 55 TC 137 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 EI 1530-8561 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 42 IS 4 BP 515 EP 523 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA UD765 UT WOS:A1996UD76500007 PM 8605667 ER PT J AU McNamara, JR Schaefer, EJ AF McNamara, JR Schaefer, EJ TI Implementation of recommendations from the NCEP working group on lipoprotein measurement SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter RP McNamara, JR (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,LIPID METAB LAB,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 42 IS 4 BP 651 EP 651 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA UD765 UT WOS:A1996UD76500031 PM 8605691 ER PT J AU Maruyama, K Kanemaki, N Proudman, JA AF Maruyama, K Kanemaki, N Proudman, JA TI Effects of growth hormone injection to embryos on growth and myosin heavy chain isoforms in growing turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE turkey; growth hormone; hormonal imprinting; myosin heavy chain; muscle growth ID SKELETAL-MUSCLES; DOMESTIC-FOWL; CHICKEN; EXPRESSION; ONTOGENY; BODY; SEX; BROILER AB Effects of embryonic imprinting with growth hormone (GH) on growth and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in pectoralis muscle were determined by injecting turkey embryos with ovine growth hormone (oGH) at a dose of 10 mu g three times a day. Injections were made on days 20 and 26 (Treatment 1), days 14 and 20 (Treatment 2) or days 14 and 26 (Treatment 3) of incubation. In Treatement 1 poults, plasma GH concentrations were elevated at 3 days posthatch and in Treatment 3 poults, plasma GH concentrations were elevated at 15 days posthatch, as compared to control poults. At 4 weeks of age, in males, body weights, shank length and weights of pectoralis, gastrocnemius and sartorius muscles were increased in Treatment 3, and in females, body weights, shank length and weights of gastrocnemius muscle of female turkeys were increased in Treatment 1. The growth rate of female turkeys from 4 weeks through 16 weeks was increased by Treatment 1. Treatment 1 resulted in a delay in the transition from the embryonic MyHC isoform to the neonatal MyHC isoform and to the adult MyHC isoform. Treatment 3 induced. an earlier appearance of the adult MyHC isoform. No effects on body and muscle growth and MyHC isoforms were observed by Treatment 2. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,GERMPLASM & GAMETE PHYSIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,INST POULTRY SCI,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Maruyama, K (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,GENE EVALUAT & MAPPING LAB,BLDG 200,BARC E,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0300-9629 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 113 IS 4 BP 315 EP 321 DI 10.1016/0300-9629(95)02070-5 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA UK220 UT WOS:A1996UK22000001 PM 8689519 ER PT J AU Kvasnicka, WG Hall, M Hanks, D Ebel, E Kearley, B AF Kvasnicka, WG Hall, M Hanks, D Ebel, E Kearley, B TI Cow/calf production management update - Current concepts in the control of bovine trichomoniasis SO COMPENDIUM ON CONTINUING EDUCATION FOR THE PRACTICING VETERINARIAN LA English DT Article ID TRITRICHOMONAS-FOETUS INFECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; FETUS VACCINE; PATHOGENESIS; EFFICACY; HEIFERS; CATTLE; BULLS AB Bovine trichomoniasis has been reported throughout the world and, in some regions of North America, South America Australia, affects as many as 50% of the herds. The disease is widespread in the range area's of the western United States and Florida. Bovine trichomoniasis is caused by the protozoa Tritrichomonas foetus. Beef End hairy herds are affected by this contagious venereal disease. Veterinarians must have a thorough understanding of the pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnostic techniques, immunology, treatment, and control methods when advising clients of practical, effective management programs to control and prevent trichomoniasis. Herd management practices include laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of the infection from preputial specimens, culling of infected and older bulls, removal of open cows at pregnancy check time, limiting the breeding seasons to less than 90 days, avoiding common grazing with other herds, and proper use of the available vaccines. C1 IDAHO DEPT AGR,BUR ANIM HLTH,BOISE,ID. USDA,APHIS VS,BOISE,ID. RP Kvasnicka, WG (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,SCH VET MED,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU VETERINARY LEARNING SYSTEMS PI TRENTON PA 425 PHILLIPS BLVD #100, TRENTON, NJ 08618 SN 0193-1903 J9 COMP CONT EDUC PRACT JI Compend. Contin. Educ. Pract. Vet. PD APR PY 1996 VL 18 IS 4 SU S BP S105 EP & PG 8 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UH811 UT WOS:A1996UH81100001 ER PT J AU Kearns, DB Cook, GM Russell, JB AF Kearns, DB Cook, GM Russell, JB TI Inducer expulsion is not a determinant of diauxic growth in Streptococcus bovis SO CURRENT MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; BACTERIA; PHOSPHOENOLPYRUVATE; SYSTEM AB When Streptococcus bovis JB1 was repeatedly transferred in a medium that contained the non-metabolizable glucose analog, 2-deoxyglucose, it lost its phosphotransferase system (PTS) for glucose but was still able to take up glucose via a facilitated diffusion mechanism. The wild type (JB1) had an inducible enzyme II lactose, but the mutant (JB1(2DG)) had a constitutive lactose PTS. JB1(2DG) was no longer able to exclude lactose when it was provided with glucose, but it retained its ability to expel a non-metabolizable lactose analog. Because JB1(2DG) could utilize glucose and lactose simultaneously and grow in a non-diauxic fashion, it appeared that inducer expulsion was not an important catabolite regulatory mechanism. Based on these results, inducer expulsion may be an artifact of non-metabolizable sugars. C1 CORNELL UNIV,MICROBIOL SECT,ITHACA,NY 14853. USDA ARS,ITHACA,NY 14853. RI Cook, Gregory/E-5665-2011 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0343-8651 J9 CURR MICROBIOL JI Curr. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 221 EP 224 DI 10.1007/s002849900039 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UA829 UT WOS:A1996UA82900010 PM 8867462 ER PT J AU Ow, DW AF Ow, DW TI Recombinase-directed chromosome engineering in plants SO CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SITE-SPECIFIC RECOMBINATION; GENOME; GENE; SYSTEM; MAIZE; TOBACCO; SORGHUM; CELLS AB Directed recombination of specific sequences can be utilized to bring about profound changes in gene expression and genome organization. In past years, the deployment of site-specific recombination systems in the plant genome has produced site-directed excision and inversion of transgenes, integration of exogenous DNA into genomic recombination sites, and the rearrangement of chromosome segments. In particular, the rearrangement events that involve large segments of host DNA represent a novel approach to genome engineering and show promise for precise, predictable and reproducible restructuring of higher eukaryotic genomes. In the light of recent reports of plant genome synteny, the concept of reshuffling blocks of chromosome information into new combinations may lead to exciting opportunities for creating new plant varieties for basic research and practical applications. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,ALBANY,CA 94710. RP Ow, DW (reprint author), USDA ARS,CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS,800 BUCHANAN ST,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 34 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1P 6LB SN 0958-1669 J9 CURR OPIN BIOTECH JI Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 7 IS 2 BP 181 EP 186 DI 10.1016/S0958-1669(96)80010-3 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA UE905 UT WOS:A1996UE90500010 ER PT J AU WoodSmith, RD Buffington, JM AF WoodSmith, RD Buffington, JM TI Multivariate geomorphic analysis of forest streams: Implications for assessment of land use impacts on channel condition SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS LA English DT Article DE fluvial geomorphology; multivariate analysis; forest streams; aquatic habitat; channel units ID WOODY DEBRIS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; SEDIMENT; OREGON; CALIFORNIA; TRANSPORT; TIMBER AB Multivariate statistical analyses of geomorphic variables from 23 forest stream reaches in southeast Alaska result in successful discrimination between pristine streams and those disturbed by land management, specifically timber harvesting and associated road building. Results of discriminant function analysis indicate that a three-variable model discriminates 10 disturbed from 13 undisturbed reaches with 90 per cent and 92 per cent correct classification respectively. These variables are the total number of pools per reach, the ratio of mean residual pool depth to mean bankfull depth, and the ratio of critical shear stress of the median surface grain size to bankfull shear stress. The last variable can be dropped without a decrease in rate of correct classification; however, the resulting two-variable model may be less robust. Analysis of the distribution of channel units, including pool types, can also be used to discriminate disturbed from undisturbed reaches and is particularly useful for assessment of aquatic habitat condition. However, channel unit classification and inventory can be subject to considerable error and observer bias. Abundance of pool-related large woody debris is highly correlated with pool frequency and is an important factor determining channel morphology. Results of this study yield a much needed, objective, geomorphic discrimination of pristine and disturbed channel conditions, providing a reference standard for channel assessment and restoration efforts. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT GEOL SCI, AJ 20, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. RP WoodSmith, RD (reprint author), USDA, FOREST SERV, NW RES STN, 2770 SHERWOOD LANE, SUITE 2A, JUNEAU, AK 99801 USA. NR 50 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0197-9337 J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf. PD APR PY 1996 VL 21 IS 4 BP 377 EP 393 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9837(199604)21:4<377::AID-ESP546>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 17 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA UG938 UT WOS:A1996UG93800006 ER PT J AU Gallo, LG Allee, LL Gibson, DM AF Gallo, LG Allee, LL Gibson, DM TI Insecticidal effectiveness of Mammea americana (Guttiferae) extracts on larvae of Diabrotica virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and Trichoplusia ni (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) SO ECONOMIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE mamey; insecticide; corn rootworm; cabbage looper; cockroach ID HIGHER-PLANTS AB Seed and leaf extracts of Mammea americana (mamey apple) have a historical use as a biopesticide with the active components previously characterized. We reexamined the utility of this natural bioinsecticide in light of existing sources of material as a by-product of the fruit processing industry. Our results add Diabrotica virgifera virgifera and Trichoplusia ni to the list of insects which are susceptible to the insecticidal ingredients of M. americana and confirms earlier reports of activity against Blatella germanica, Periplaneta americana, and Plutella xylostella. We report LD50s for crude hexane extracts of M. americana leaves and seeds against T. ni. These materials represent renewable sources of bioinsecticides for agriculture, and should regenerate interest in coumarin-type compounds for novel pesticidal action. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT ENTOMOL,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP Gallo, LG (reprint author), ARS,USDA,PLANT PROTECT RES UNIT,ITHACA,NY 14853, USA. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN PI BRONX PA PUBLICATIONS DEPT, BRONX, NY 10458 SN 0013-0001 J9 ECON BOT JI Econ. Bot. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 50 IS 2 BP 236 EP 242 DI 10.1007/BF02861454 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UQ558 UT WOS:A1996UQ55800007 ER PT J AU Chetty, KN Fantroy, L Landau, G Ivie, GW AF Chetty, KN Fantroy, L Landau, G Ivie, GW TI Lack of dietary calcium effect on chlordecone increased white blood cell count, total iron, and iron-binding capacity in serum of rat SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article ID CHOLESTEROL AB Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with 0, 1, 10, 50, and 100 ppm of chlordecone (Cd) mixed in calcium-sufficient (Ca-S) or calcium-deficient (Ca-D) diet for 15 days. The control rats fed with Ca-D diet exhibited a significant increase in white blood cell (WBC) counts compared to the rats fed with Ca-S diet. Dietary calcium (Ca), however, did not elicit any significant effect on total iron content and iron-binding capacity (transferrin) of control rats, whereas Cd at higher concentrations significantly increased WBC counts, total iron, and iron-binding capacity in serum of both Ca-S and Ca-D rats. The data suggest that dietary Ca did not alter Cd-increased WBC count, total iron, and iron-binding capacity in Serum of rat. (C) 1996 Academic Press,Inc. C1 USDA ARS,COLLEGE STN,TX 77840. RP Chetty, KN (reprint author), GRAMBLING STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,GRAMBLING,LA 71245, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [2-S-14-GM 04531] NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0147-6513 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD APR PY 1996 VL 33 IS 3 BP 268 EP 270 DI 10.1006/eesa.1996.0034 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA UK981 UT WOS:A1996UK98100009 PM 8727520 ER PT J AU Uri, ND Boyd, R AF Uri, ND Boyd, R TI A reexamination of the crude oil price - Unemployment relationship in the United States SO ENERGY SOURCES LA English DT Article DE oil price; unemployment; crude oil economies ID MACROECONOMY; TESTS AB This study begins by asking whether fluctuations in the price of crude oil have affected employment and the rate of unemployment in the United States. After reviewing previous assessments of the issue, the existence of an empirical relationship between the rate of unemployment and crude oil price volatility is established using Granger causality. Subsequently, the nature of the relationship is estimated with the results suggesting that at least three full years are required before the measurable impact of a percentage change in the real price of crude oil on the change in unemployment is exhausted. Finally, the structural stability of the functional relationship between the change in unemployment and the volatility of the price of crude oil and the percentage change in gross national product is examined. C1 OHIO UNIV,DEPT ECON,ATHENS,OH 45701. RP Uri, ND (reprint author), USDA,NATL RESOURCES & ENVIRONM DIV,ECON RES SERV,PMTB ROOM 428,1301 NEW YORK AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20005, USA. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0090-8312 J9 ENERG SOURCE JI Energy Sources PD APR-MAY PY 1996 VL 18 IS 3 BP 307 EP 321 DI 10.1080/00908319608908770 PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA UN978 UT WOS:A1996UN97800009 ER PT J AU Davidson, EW Patron, RBR Lacey, LA Frutos, R Vey, A Hendrix, DL AF Davidson, EW Patron, RBR Lacey, LA Frutos, R Vey, A Hendrix, DL TI Activity of natural toxins against the silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii, using a novel feeding bioassay system SO ENTOMOLOGIA EXPERIMENTALIS ET APPLICATA LA English DT Article DE Bacillus thuringiensis; bee venom; Bemisia tabaci; lectin; Ivermectin; Imidacloprid; Metarhizium anisopliae; toxin ID BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; METARHIZIUM-ANISOPLIAE; DESTRUXINS; TOXICITY; INVITRO; APHIDS AB An assay system was developed for the adult silverleaf whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). This practical device was constructed from standard disposable laboratory materials. Whiteflies were harvested directly from the leaf and into a collection vial by vacuum aspiration, minimizing physical damage to the insect. Insects were fed through a cellulose mixed-ester membrane on a diet of 20-27% sucrose alone or sucrose in an extract of zucchini (Curcurbita moschata Duchense). Mortality and honeydew production were scored. At 22-25 degrees C and 50-55% relative humidity, control mortality generally remained at or below 15% during a 48 h assay period. The bioassay system was first tested using the insecticide, Imidacloprid, then used to screen a number of natural products with potential insecticidal activity against the whitefly. Destruxins extracted from the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, and the natural insecticide/nematicide, Ivermectin, as well as bee venom and two of its components, melittin and phospholipase A(2), were found to be toxic to B. argentifolii. Five lectins, Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, gossypol, an extract of Paeciliomyces fumosoroseus, wasp and scorpion venom, and a trypsin inhibitor were not found to be insecticidal to adult B. argentifolii. C1 EUROPEAN BIOL CONTROL LAB,USDA ARS,MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. CIRAD,MONTPELLIER,FRANCE. INRA,CNRS,ST CHRISTOL ALES,FRANCE. USDA ARS,WESTERN COTTON RES LAB,PHOENIX,AZ 85040. RP Davidson, EW (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT ZOOL,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 27 TC 12 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 14 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-8703 J9 ENTOMOL EXP APPL JI Entomol. Exp. Appl. PD APR PY 1996 VL 79 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF897 UT WOS:A1996UF89700004 ER PT J AU Epsky, ND Heath, RR Uchida, G Guzman, A Rizzo, J Vargas, R Jeronimo, F AF Epsky, ND Heath, RR Uchida, G Guzman, A Rizzo, J Vargas, R Jeronimo, F TI Capture of mediterranean fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) using color inserts in trimedlure-baited Jackson traps SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ceratitis capitata; Jackson traps; trimedlure; visual cues; trapping; coffee ID CERATITIS-CAPITATA FLIES; HAWAII AB Tests of the capture of wild Mediterranean fruit flies, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), were made using a commercially produced adhesive paper available in several different colors as an insert in trimedlure-baited Jackson traps. Colors tested included fluorescent orange, fluorescent yellow fluorescent light green, dark green, black, and White. These inserts were compared with the standard white inserts, which use sticky material that is manually applied. Tests were conducted in both citrus groves and coffee fields in Guatemala, and in a coffee field in Hawaii. Generally, inserts made with the fluorescent colors captured more flies than those with nonfluorescent colors. Traps with light green inserts captured a higher percentage of total flies than did traps with the standard white inserts in 3 of the 4 trials. Traps containing either yellow or orange inserts captured significantly more flies than the standard white insert in 2 of the 4 trials. Traps containing black inserts tended to catch a relatively low percentage of flies. There were differences in host species, host fruit availability, and fruit fly population levels among the various trials. These factors may influence the role of color cues in the capture of male flies by trimedlure-baited traps. C1 USDA ARS,INSECT ATTRACTANTS BEHAV & BASIC BIOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 256 EP 260 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900005 ER PT J AU Araya, JE Cambron, SE Ratcliffe, RH AF Araya, JE Cambron, SE Ratcliffe, RH TI Development and reproduction of two color forms of English grain aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Sitobion (Macrosiphum) avenae; biotypes; oat ID YELLOW DWARF VIRUS; RHOPALOSIPHUM-PADI L; CEREAL APHIDS; SITOBION-AVENAE; WHEAT; INCREASE; YIELD AB The life cycle of apterous and alate viviparae of pink and green color forms of the English grain aphid, Sitobion avenae (F.), were compared at 20 +/- 1 degrees C and a photoperiod of 14:10 (L:D) h, using individually caged aphids that were examined daily on 'Clintland 64' oat, Avena sativa L. Two studies were conducted, using 22 replicates with apterous and alate S. avenae, and 132 replicates with only apterous forms. Alate aphids had a greater prereproductive period than apterous aphids, probably in part because their metabolism was directed towards wing development before reproduction. Apterous pink aphids had a shorter reproductive period than all other forms. This, together with their higher intrinsic rate of increase (r(m)), may represent an advantage over green aphids for colony growth, although this advantage may be reduced because alate pink aphids had the smallest r(m) of the aphid forms. Alate aphids tended to have a longer postreproductive period. The longevity of apterous pink aphids was shorter compared with the other forms, but this was compensated by their greater r(m). The percentage of alate aphids was slightly larger in the pink (17.16%) than in the green form (14.97%), which may help the dispersal of the pink genotype over time. All parameters of the life cycle, except the reproductive period, showed differences between apterous green and pink S. avenae. The pre-, post-, and reproductive periods were shorter for apterous pink aphids, which was reflected in a shorter longevity, compared with apterous green and alate pink and green forms. However, apterous pink aphids had more progeny, which meant a larger r(m), than green aphids. Variations in the life cycle like those between the green and pink forms observed in this study may occur among other clones of S. avenae (and possibly in other aphid species). Aphid studies should use >1 clone per species to obtain representative data of average populations. C1 PURDUE UNIV,USDA ARS,DEPT ENTOMOL,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RP Araya, JE (reprint author), UNIV CHILE,FAC CIENCIAS AGRARIAS & FORESTALES,DEPT SANIDAD VEGETAL,CASILLA 1004,SANTIAGO,CHILE. NR 23 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 366 EP 369 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900017 ER PT J AU Dowdy, AK McGaughey, WH AF Dowdy, AK McGaughey, WH TI Using random amplified polymorphic DNA to differentiate strains of the indianmeal moth (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Plodia interpunctella; random amplification of polymorphic DNA; polymerase ID RAPD-PCR AB The movement of Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hubner), and its ability to infest stored products over large areas is not understood because of the difficulty in identifying the origins of infestations. Random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) is a technique that has been used to identify genetic markers in insect populations and may be useful for differentiating populations of P. interpunctella. RAPD PCR was used to differentiate 6 P. interpunctella populations, and the genetic similarity was examined within and among populations. All individual insects were differentiated into correct population groups using only two 10-mer primers. RP Dowdy, AK (reprint author), USDA ARS,N CENT REG,US GRAIN MKT RES LAB,1515 COLL AVE,MANHATTAN,KS 66502, USA. NR 14 TC 22 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 396 EP 400 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900021 ER PT J AU Skinner, RH AF Skinner, RH TI Response of Bemisia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) to water and nutrient stressed cotton SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bemisia argentifolii; leaf position; water potential; sucrose concentration; amino acids; cotton ID LEAF EXPANSION; DROUGHT; PLANTS; LEAVES AB Water stress usually increases plant susceptibility to the whitefly Bemisia argentifolii Bellows & Perring, whereas nutrient stress generally reduces the level of whitefly infestation. This study examined the effect of water and phosphorus stress on plant physiological traits to help explain the response of B. argentifolii to host plant conditions. Host preference was determined by examining oviposition rates on water- and phosphorus-stressed cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., in the greenhouse, and by studying the effect of irrigation frequency on oviposition and B. argentifolii developmental rate in the field. In the greenhouse, oviposition was reduced 9% (P = 0.09) by water stress but was not affected by phosphorus deficiency In the field, oviposition was 6 times greater in the biweekly compared with weekly irrigated plots. In nochoice experiments, however, oviposition was unaffected by irrigation frequency with the exception of lower leaves in the canopy which had been previously damaged by B. argentifolii, where oviposition was reduced 63% in the biweekly plots where damage was the greatest. Irrigation frequency had no effect on developmental rate from egg to adult. In the greenhouse, oviposition was affected most by leaf position on die plant, and was >2 times as great on the youngest compared with the oldest leaf on a 4-leaf seedling. Multiple regression analysis suggested that oviposition was not independently affected by transpiration rate or leaf temperature. Leaf water potential, sucrose concentration, and amino acid concentration made the greatest contribution to B. argentifolii host selection, with oviposition being greatest on leaves with low water potential and low bulk leaf sucrose and amino acid concentrations. RP Skinner, RH (reprint author), USDA ARS, WESTERN COTTON RES LAB, PHOENIX, AZ 85040 USA. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 401 EP 406 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900022 ER PT J AU Bautista, RC Harris, EJ AF Bautista, RC Harris, EJ TI Effect of fruit substrates on parasitization of tephritid fruit flies (Diptera) by the parasitoid Biosteres arisanus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hymenoptera; fruit fly parasitoid; fruit preference ID DIACHASMIMORPHA-LONGICAUDATA HYMENOPTERA; CERATITIS-CAPITATA DIPTERA; HAWAII; FLY; ABUNDANCE; HABITATS AB The effect of fruit substrates on the parasitization of tephritid fruit flies by Biosteres arisanus (Sonan) was demonstrated in the laboratory. Naive female parasitoids (15-20-d old after emergence) discriminated among fruit varieties in which eggs of the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), and the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann), occurred. The preference (in descending order) of B. arisanus for B. dorsalis eggs was apple banana, Musa paradisiaca ssp. sapientum (L.) O. Ktze; false kamani, Terminalia catappa L.; solo papaya, Carica papaya L.; Haden mango, Mangifera indica L.; and, common lime, Citrus aurantiifolia (Christmann) Swingle. Where C. capitata was the target host, eggs inoculated in common guava, Psidium guajava L., and solo papaya were parasitized more heavily than those in citrus fruits, namely, common lime; tangerine, Citrus nobilis Lour.; and, tangelo, a cross between Citrus nobilis and Citrus paradisi Macf. B. dorsalis or C. capitata eggs exposed to B. arisanus concurrently in a pair of fruits of the same variety showed that parasitoids did not discriminate between these 2 fruit flies when eggs occurred in arabian coffee, Coffea arabica L. However, eggs of B. dorsalis were more heavily parasitized than those of C. capitata in common guava or solo papaya. RP Bautista, RC (reprint author), USDA ARS,TROP FRUIT & VEGETABLE RES LAB,POB 2280,HONOLULU,HI 96804, USA. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 470 EP 475 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900032 ER PT J AU Flinn, PW Hagstrum, DW McGaughey, WH AF Flinn, PW Hagstrum, DW McGaughey, WH TI Suppression of beetles in stored wheat by augmentative releases of parasitic wasps SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhyzopertha dominica; Cryptolestes ferrugineus; Choetospila elegans; Cephalonomia waterstoni; biological control; stored-products ID GRAIN; TEMPERATURE; COLEOPTERA; MANAGEMENT; CUCUJIDAE AB Field studies were conducted to assess the effectiveness of the parasitoid wasps, Cephalonomia waterstoni (Gahan), and Choetospila elegans (Westwood), for controlling Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), rusty grain beetle and Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), lesser grain borer. On 6 July 1993 and 7 July 1994, adults of both C. ferrugineus and R. dominica were released at monthly intervals into 6 steel grain bins each containing 27.2 t of hard red winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L. Adults of both parasitoid species were released into 3 of the bins 21 d after the 1st beetle release. The amount of suppression of C. ferrugineus by C. waterstoni could not be measured in either year of this study because C. waterstoni infested the control bins. However, C. elegans was effective in suppressing R. dominica populations. In 1993 and 1994, R. dominica populations were suppressed by 98 and 91% compared with the control bins. After 198 d from initial beetle release in 1993, the treatment bins averaged 0.05 R. dominica per kilogram and the control bins averaged 2.06 R. dominica per Idiogram. After 131 d from initial beetle release in 1994, the treatment bins averaged 6.94 R. dominica per kilogram and the control bins averaged 81.03 R. dominica per kilogram. RP Flinn, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS, N CENT REG, US GRAIN MKT RES LAB, MANHATTAN, KS 66502 USA. RI Flinn, Paul/B-9104-2013 NR 17 TC 37 Z9 42 U1 2 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 505 EP 511 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900037 ER PT J AU Day, WH AF Day, WH TI Evaluation of biological control of the tarnished plant bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) in alfalfa by the introduced parasite Peristenus digoneutis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lygus; Peristenus; alfalfa; biocontrol; parasites AB Lygus lineolaris (Palisot), the tarnished plant bug, a native species, has a broad host range. It damages many fruit and vegetable crops over most of North America, and injures cotton and seed crops in some areas. In 1990, we reported the establishment of the European parasite Peristenus digoneutis (Loan) in New Jersey, its initial impact, and its spread into adjacent New York. This article contains observations made in alfalfa during 13 consecutive yr,before and after the parasite established and became abundant. Mean peak parasitism of Lygus nymphs averaged 15% by 2 native species [P. pallipes (Curtis) and Leiophon uniformis (Gahan)] before the establishment of P. digoneutis. Within a few years, total parasitism of Lygus nymphs increased to 40-50%, and Lygus numbers in alfalfa decreased by 75%. Parasitism by the 2 native braconids, which prefer other mirid species, remained about the same. L. lineolaris was the preferred host of P. digoneutis (80% were reared from this mirid), but some alfalfa plant bugs, Adelphocoris lineolatus (Goeze), were also attacked. A number of other factors were found to also influence Lygus numbers, especially plant density, which coincidentally increased, obscuring the beneficial effects of the new parasite for several years. The successful biocontrol of a native Lygus in alfalfa by P. digoneutis, a foreign parasite, indicates that this natural enemy has the potential to reduce damage by native Lygus spp, to other, high value crops, and additional research is warranted. RP Day, WH (reprint author), USDA,BENEFICIAL INSECTS RES LAB,501 S CHAPEL ST,NEWARK,DE 19713, USA. NR 26 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 512 EP 518 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900038 ER PT J AU Tang, YQ Yokomi, RK AF Tang, YQ Yokomi, RK TI Biology of Aphelinus spiraecolae (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae), a parasitoid of the spirea aphid (Homoptera: Aphididae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aphis; Aphelinus; host feeding; life table; biological control; citrus aphids ID ASYCHIS HYMENOPTERA; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSE; INTRINSIC RATE; ABDOMINALIS; INCREASE; HYM AB The biology of nonindigenous Aphelinus spiraecolae Evans & Schauff on spirea aphid, Aphis spiraecola Patch, was investigated in Florida. Reproduction, fecundity, longevity, oviposition, and host feeding behavior were examined in the laboratory. A. spiraecolae showed a distinct preference for 1st- and 2nd-instar spirea aphids for both oviposition and host feeding, although all aphid life stages were acceptable. Longevity of A. spiraecolae was 17.8 +/- 1.6 (mean +/- SEM) d, fecundity was 138.2 +/- 16.2 eggs, and the parasitoid consumed 27.1 +/- 4.0 aphids per lifetime. Ovipositor insertion time of less than or equal to 30 s indicated nonacceptance for host feeding and oviposition, whereas insertion time of 31-120 s was correlated with oviposition, and >120 s indicated host acceptance for feeding but not for oviposition. A. spiraecolae was confirmed to be arrhenotokous. The intrinsic rate of increase was 0.33 female offspring per female per day, the net reproductive rate was 67.3 female progeny, and population doubling time was 1.8 d. These data indicated that A. spiraecolae has a high intrinsic rate of increase, good host discrimination and preference for young life stages of spirea aphid, and suggests that A. spiraecolae has potential as a natural enemy of spirea aphid. C1 USDA ARS,HORT RES LAB,ORLANDO,FL 32803. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 519 EP 523 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900039 ER PT J AU Tillman, PG AF Tillman, PG TI Functional response of Microplitis croceipes and Cardiochiles nigriceps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) to variation in density of tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Microplitis croceipes; Cardiochiles nigriceps; Heliothis virescens; functional response; search rate; handling time ID VIRESCENS LEPIDOPTERA; SOUTHEASTERN ARKANSAS; HELIOTHIS-SPP; PARASITISM; MISSISSIPPI; DYNAMICS; MODELS; LARVAE; DELTA AB The functional response of Microplitis croceipes (Cresson) and Cardiochiles nigriceps Vierick to variation in tobacco budworm, Heliothis virescens (F.), density was determined in large field cages over squaring cotton. Wasps were released in cages containing various host densities. Three methods-legit analysis, logistic regression, and comparative curve fitting with 3 foraging models-were used for the analysis of functional response data. For both parasitoid species, the Rogers functional response model fit the data well. The search rate for M. croceipes (33.12 m(2)/d) was not significantly different than that for C. nigriceps (24.37 m(2)/d). Handling time for M. croceipes (approximate to 7 min) was shorter than that for C. nigriceps (approximate to 91 min). The functional response curves were significantly different between species for the Rogers model, and C. nigriceps females parasitized a greater proportion of H. virescens larvae on caged cotton than did M. croceipes females. Of the 2 species, C. nigriceps should out perform M. croceipes in a cotton field. RP Tillman, PG (reprint author), USDA ARS, INST FOREST PEST MANAGEMENT, POB 5367, MISSISSIPPI STATE, MS 39762 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 524 EP 528 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900040 ER PT J AU Fuester, RW Taylor, PB AF Fuester, RW Taylor, PB TI Differential mortality in male and female gypsy moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) pupae by invertebrate natural enemies and other factors SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lymantria dispar; Brachymeria intermedia; Calosoma sycophanta; parasitism; predation ID DISPAR L LEPIDOPTERA; PARASITES; HYMENOPTERA; POPULATIONS AB Pupal mortality in the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar (L.), caused by invertebrate natural enemies and other factors was monitored at Belleplain State Forest in southern New Jersey from 1983 to 1991. Two methods were used, laboratory rearings of intact pupae field collected during metamorphosis and postseason examination of pupal remains. The introduced chalcidid Brachymeria intermedia (Nees) consistently destroyed higher percentages of male gypsy moth pupae than female pupae. Ichneumonid parasitism was sometimes higher in male pupae than female pupae. Diptera, mostly Tachinidae and Sarcophagidae, were more likely to emerge from female than male intact pupae, but in the case of pupal remains, emergence from each sex was variable, being significantly higher in male pupae than female pupae for 2 yr, but the reverse in another year. Sex-based bias in predation of gypsy moth pupae by invertebrates, primarily larvae of Calosoma sycophanta (L.), was observed only in 2 yr, when it was slightly higher in male pupae. Incidence of disease was higher in female pupae than male pupae, but desiccation was more likely to occur in male pupae than female pupae. Based on examination of pupal remains, survival of female and male pupae averaged 53.0 and 45.5%, respectively, with marked differences observed in 5 of 9 yr of the study. Because of the sex-based bias in mortality by some invertebrate natural enemies, sex ratios (expressed as percentage of females) of gypsy moth adults were sometimes much higher than pupae. This bias was most noticeable during the outbreak aid decline phases of the gypsy moth population cycle. RP Fuester, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS, BENEFICIAL RES LAB, 501 S CHAPEL ST, NEWARK, DE 19713 USA. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0046-225X J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 2 BP 536 EP 547 PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL199 UT WOS:A1996UL19900042 ER PT J AU Kim, CS Uri, ND Sandretto, C Parry, IW AF Kim, CS Uri, ND Sandretto, C Parry, IW TI Endogenous technological change and pollution abatement SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abatement technology; agricultural production; environmental externalities; nonpoint source pollution ID INNOVATION; POLICY; FIRM AB Nonpoint source pollution control is a more complicated process than traditional analysis suggests. Whether a new pollution abatement technology is developed exogenously or endogenously and the per unit reduction in the rate at which a pollutant associated with the use of a factor of production needed to produce an agricultural commodity due to this technology enters the environment are critical factors in the determination of the effects of agricultural production on the pollutant stock. These are the issues addressed here. The optimal current period research and development expenditures on an endogenously induced abatement technology associated with the use of a factor of production giving rise to environmental externalities are shown to be a function of, among other things, the cumulation of all research and development expenditures, the probability of an abatement technology being developed, the level of use of the factor of production, the unit pollution tax on the factor, the rate of time preference (discount rate), the rate at which the pollutant associated with the factor enters the environment, the rate of discharge of the pollutant stock, and so forth. Finally, the analysis demonstrates that a reduction in pollution by the adoption of an abatement technology may lead to an increase in the pollutant stock as a result of endogenous technological change associated with the pollution abatement. When the rate of pollution reduction is greater than a threshold, however, the adoption of an endogenously determined abatement technology will unequivocally lead to a reduction in the pollutant stock. C1 USDA,ECON RES SERV,NAT RESOURCES & ENVIRONM DIV,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0177-5146 J9 ENVIRON GEOL JI Environ. Geol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 27 IS 3 BP 191 EP 197 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA UJ177 UT WOS:A1996UJ17700007 ER PT J AU Fanta, GF Christianson, DD AF Fanta, GF Christianson, DD TI Starch-hydrocolloid composites prepared by steam jet cooking SO FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS LA English DT Article AB Starch-hydrocolloid composites, containing 1-10% hydrocolloid, have been prepared by a jet cooking and drum drying process that intimately mixes the two components and yields products that have physical properties differing from those obtained by conventional cooking techniques. Dried composites can be readily redispersed in water to yield smooth, viscous dispersions that exhibit considerable lubricity. Viscosities of final products depend upon the particular starch and hydrocolloid used. Composites prepared from cornstarch with either guar gum or konjac gum did not form gels when dispersed in water but remained smooth and free-flowing even after prolonged standing. Other hydrocolloids, such as xanthan gum, locust bean gum, carrageenan and CMC produced composites that set up to soft gels. The properties of these composites suggest their use in foods as fat replacers, stabilizers, gelling agents and thickeners. C1 CONTINENTAL COLLOIDS INC,W CHICAGO,IL 60185. RP Fanta, GF (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PLANT POLYMER RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 9 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0268-005X J9 FOOD HYDROCOLLOID JI Food Hydrocolloids PD APR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 173 EP 178 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UP507 UT WOS:A1996UP50700007 ER PT J AU Berry, BW Bigner, ME AF Berry, BW Bigner, ME TI Use of carrageenan and konjac flour gel in low-fat restructured pork nuggets SO FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE pork nuggets; low fat; restructured; gels; tenderness; cooking yields ID STABILITY; SAUSAGE; STORAGE; QUALITY; STEAKS; GUMS; BEEF; SALT AB Low-fat (7-8% fat) nonbreaded, pork nuggets were processed using different levels of salt, iota carrageenan, konjac flour and flaked pork muscle. Use of 1.5% salt with iota carrageenan improved precooking yields, juiciness and tenderness scores compared with an all-pork nugget product. However, shear force values were increased as a result of including salt in formulations. Use of iota carrageenan singularly or in combination with konjac flour as a gel did not improve cooking and sensory properties compared with the all-pork product. The highest tenderness ratings were obtained from commercially processed, high-fat breaded nuggets made from ground beef and chicken. In order to achieve the palatability of breaded, high-fat nuggets, further modifications will be necessary in the use of gels and gums with restructured, low-fat pork muscle. Copyright (C) 1996 Canadian Institute of Food Science and Technology. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. RP Berry, BW (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,MEAT SCI RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9969 J9 FOOD RES INT JI Food Res. Int. PD APR-MAY PY 1996 VL 29 IS 3-4 BP 355 EP 362 DI 10.1016/0963-9969(96)00019-1 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA VT128 UT WOS:A1996VT12800016 ER PT J AU Dean, TJ Baldwin, VC AF Dean, TJ Baldwin, VC TI Growth in loblolly pine plantations as a function of stand density and canopy properties SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE productivity; stand density; loblolly pine; leaf-area index; live-crown ratio; canopy depth ID CONTORTA VAR LATIFOLIA; STEMWOOD PRODUCTION; LEAF-AREA AB Interrelationships between forest-canopy properties, stand growth, and Reineke's stand density index (SDI) were investigated for unthinned plots of a loblolly pine, growth-and-yield study, Gross, periodic-annual increment (I-v) and mean-tree, gross, periodic-annual increment (I-mv) were calculated for the intervals between 17, 22, 27, 32, and 37 years of age. Data to calculate canopy variables were available only after age 22, Regression analysis indicates that a second-degree polynomial of SDI is statistically related to both growth variables during the first two measurement intervals but not the last two, The shape of the significant equations generally agreed with conventional growth-growing stock relationships, and I-v, adjusted for SDI, decreased significantly with age. Leaf area index (L) and foliage density (F) were linearly related to SDI for each measurement period. While the equations relating F and SDI were not significantly different between measurement periods, the intercepts of the fitted equations for L and SDI generally decreased with plantation age, Mean-live-crown ratio (C-r) was significantly related to SDI for all measurement periods, with the exception of age 32, and canopy depth (C-d) was statistically related to SDI only at age 22, Significant multiple-linear regression models were found between the growth variables and canopy properties with one exception. With that one exception, I-v was significantly related to L during each measurement interval and to F and C-r during the first two intervals. Mean, gross, periodic-annual increment was statistically related only to those canopy variables that described canopy structure, With the exception of F, the overall average value of the canopy variables decreased with age in these loblolly pine plantations, probably leading to the systematic reduction in I-v with age. Although growth-growing stock relations were not significant in these plantations after age 27, the relationships between canopy variables and canopy variables emphasize the importance of early density management to maintain vigorous crowns and growth rates as plantations age. C1 US FOREST SERV,SO FOREST EXPT STN,PINEVILLE,LA 71360. RP Dean, TJ (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,LOUISIANA AGR EXPT STN,CTR AGR,SCH FORESTRY WILDLIFE & FISHERIES,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 23 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 1-3 BP 49 EP 58 DI 10.1016/0378-1127(95)03694-6 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UU189 UT WOS:A1996UU18900005 ER PT J AU Monserud, RA Onuchin, AA Tchebakova, NM AF Monserud, RA Onuchin, AA Tchebakova, NM TI Needle, crown, stem, and root phytomass of Pinus sylvestris stands in Russia SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE biomass; carbon allocation; carbon cycle; Scots pine; stand modeling AB With growing, concern about predicted global warming, increasing attention is being paid to the phytomass (living plant mass) components of forest stands and their role in the carbon cycle. The ability to predict phytomass components from commonly available inventory data would facilitate our understanding of the latter. We focus on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands in Russia, with the objective of predicting stand phytomass (Mg ha(-1)) for the four major stand components: needles, crown, stems, and roots, The study area includes regions in Russia where Scots pine is a stand-forming species: from European Russia (33 degrees E) to Yakutia (130 degrees E) in eastern Siberia. To ensure that results will be widely applicable, only variables consistently measured in forest inventories were considered as possible predictors: stand age, site quality class, and stocking (stand stem volume with bark, m(3) ha(-1)). Stand phytomass data were obtained from numerous regional and local phytomass studies, and supplemented with additional unpublished data. This is the first comprehensive study synthesizing stand level phytomass relations for P. sylvestris for most of its range in Russia. The combined results from over 18 regional and local phytomass studies provide a level of generality that is not possible with individual local studies. In addition to estimating stand phytomass components across a wide range of conditions, these phytomass models can also be used to verify carbon allocation rules in process-based models. C1 RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,FOREST INST,AKADEMGORODOK 660036,RUSSIA. RP Monserud, RA (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,INTERMT RES STN,MOSCOW,ID 83843, USA. NR 42 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 1-3 BP 59 EP 67 DI 10.1016/0378-1127(95)03689-X PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UU189 UT WOS:A1996UU18900006 ER PT J AU Hooper, RG AF Hooper, RG TI Arthropod biomass in winter and the age of longleaf pines SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Pinus palustris; Picoides borealis; tree age; prey base ID RED-COCKADED WOODPECKERS; HABITAT; FLORIDA AB The endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) satisfies its nutrient requirements by capturing arthropods from live pine trees. Age of pine stands has been used as a guide for providing suitable habitat for the species, however, little is known about the relationship of arthropods to age of pines. The relationship on longleaf pines (Pinus palustris) 22-127 years old was examined in winter. Arthropod biomass m(-2) On the bole, live limbs and dead limbs was related to tree age, radial growth 6-10 years before sampling and ambient temperature. Arthropod biomass m(-2) declined with increasing tree age on the lower, mid- and upper bole; increased with tree age on dead limbs; and increased with tree age on live limbs until 80 years when it declined with increasing age. Slower growing trees had higher arthropod biomass m(-2) for a given age than faster growing trees. Total arthropod biomass for the whole tree increased with tree age up to 86 years, when it declined with increasing tree age. However, the older the tree, the greater the arthropod biomass on dead limbs. RP Hooper, RG (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,SO RES STN,2730 SAVANNAH HIGHWAY,CHARLESTON,SC 29414, USA. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 1-3 BP 115 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0378-1127(95)03675-X PG 17 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UU189 UT WOS:A1996UU18900010 ER PT J AU Fenn, ME Poth, MA Johnson, DW AF Fenn, ME Poth, MA Johnson, DW TI Evidence for nitrogen saturation in the San Bernardino Mountains in southern California SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE nitrogen trace gases; nitrate accumulation; nutrient ratio ID TEMPERATE FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; AIR-POLLUTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; SOIL ACIDIFICATION; DOUGLAS-FIR; ACID; PINE; EMISSIONS; CHEMISTRY AB Elevated N deposition has occurred in the Los Angeles Basin in southern California for at least the last 40 years. Elevated streamwater NO3- fluxes and high nitric oxide (NO) fluxes from soil, indicators of N saturation, have recently been reported for chaparral watersheds exposed to chronic N deposition in the San Gabriel Mountains north/northeast of Los Angeles. A number of nutritional and edaphic parameters across a deposition gradient in the San Bernardino Mountains (SBM) support the hypothesis that the mixed conifer forest in the western end of the range is also N saturated. Concentrations of NO3- in the soil solution or in soil extracts during the summer months were 14 to 44 times higher at Camp Paivika (CP), a western high N deposition site, than at Camp Osceola (CAO) or Barton Flats (BF), eastern low-pollution sites. Accumulation of NO3- in foliage of bracken fern (Pteridium aquilinum var. pubescens Undenw.) and overstory species was also much greater at CP than at CAO and a site near BF. Nitric oxide fluxes in mid-August from relatively dry soil at CP were ca. 20 times higher than for typical forests in North America. Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, on the other hand, were low in the SBM sites. However, emissions of NO and N2O were several-fold higher at CP than at BF, a relatively low-pollution site. High NO emissions from otherwise undisturbed and well-drained forest soils of the western US may prove useful as a diagnostic indicator of N saturation. Nitrogen mineralization was greater at CP and Dogwood (high-pollution sites) than at CAO and Heartbar (low-pollution sites), Additional indicators of N enrichment at CP compared with the low N deposition sites include: low C:N ratios in soil and foliage, high foliar N:P ratios, higher nitrification rates and high soil acidity. Lower pH and base saturation were observed in soil from two high-pollution sites compared with two low-pollution sites. In summary, high NO emissions and elevated NO; concentrations in the soil solution and in foliage, and high foliar N:P ratios at CP, indicate N in excess of biotic demand, with potential above-normal loss of N from the ecosystem - and thus, a N-saturated condition. Model outputs from the nutrient cycling model (NuCM) agreed well with field data from the SBM on elevated soil solution NO3- concentrations, reduced soil base saturation, and lack of a growth response to increasing N deposition. C1 UNIV NEVADA, DESERT RES INST, CTR BIOL SCI, RENO, NV 89512 USA. RP Fenn, ME (reprint author), US FOREST SERV, FOREST FIRE LAB, PSW STN, 4955 CANYON CREST DR, RIVERSIDE, CA 92507 USA. NR 88 TC 138 Z9 147 U1 3 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 1-3 BP 211 EP 230 DI 10.1016/0378-1127(95)03668-7 PG 20 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UU189 UT WOS:A1996UU18900017 ER PT J AU Schmoldt, DL Li, P Araman, PA AF Schmoldt, DL Li, P Araman, PA TI Interactive simulation of hardwood log veneer slicing using CT images SO FOREST PRODUCTS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DEFECTS; YIELD AB Veneer producers must make critical processing decisions based solely on external examination of logs. Unlike sawlog breakdown, however, little research has investigated ways in which veneer logs can best be flitched and sliced for increased value. This gap exists largely due to the variety of ways in which veneer is produced and used and the variety of buyers that purchase the finished product. This report describes a veneering simulator that is able to assist veneer producers in their processing decisions. A user can graphically locate and orient veneering objects (flitch table, flitch, and cutting knife) on log CT images and see the resulting veneer produced. The simulator currently allows the user to perform six different types of veneer slicing. Multiple veneer slices or alternative veneering operations (e.g., flat slicing vs. half-round slicing) can be simultaneously viewed and compared. The application of scanner-based simulation tools can help transform marginal logs into profitable raw material. C1 VIRGINIA TECH,BRADLEY DEPT ELECT ENGN,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP Schmoldt, DL (reprint author), VIRGINIA TECH,BROOKS FOREST PROD CTR,USDA,FOREST SERV,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061, USA. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU FOREST PRODUCTS SOC PI MADISON PA 2801 MARSHALL COURT, MADISON, WI 53705-2295 SN 0015-7473 J9 FOREST PROD J JI For. Prod. J. PD APR PY 1996 VL 46 IS 4 BP 41 EP 47 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA UF376 UT WOS:A1996UF37600022 ER PT J AU Hummer, KE Pluta, S AF Hummer, KE Pluta, S TI Surprise! It's Crandall SO FRUIT VARIETIES JOURNAL LA English DT Article RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), ARS,NCGR,USDA,33447 PEORIA RD,CORVALLIS,OR 97333, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER POMOLOGICAL SOC PI UNIVERSITY PK PA 103 TYSON BUILDING, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 SN 0091-3642 J9 FRUIT VARIETIES J JI Fruit Var. J. PD APR PY 1996 VL 50 IS 2 BP 74 EP 75 PG 2 WC Agronomy; Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UJ021 UT WOS:A1996UJ02100001 ER PT J AU Camilo, E Zimmerman, J Mason, JB Golner, B Russell, R Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH AF Camilo, E Zimmerman, J Mason, JB Golner, B Russell, R Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH TI Folate synthesized by bacteria in the human upper small intestine is assimilated by the host SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATROPHIC GASTRITIS; FOLIC-ACID; ELDERLY POPULATION; MALABSORPTION; AFFINITY AB Background & Aims: Some intestinal flora are known to synthesize folate. The aim of this study was to determine whether folate synthesized by small intestinal flora is assimilated by the human host. Methods: Subjects with atrophic gastritis and healthy volunteers were studied before and after omeprazole administration. A double-lumen perfusion tube was placed in the duodenum. H-3-labeled P-aminobenzoic acid, a precursor substrate for bacterial folate synthesis, was perfused. Downstream intestinal aspirates and a 48-hour urine collection were obtained. Results: Atrophic gastritis and omeprazole administration were associated with increases in duodenal pH and in small intestinal flora. Bacterially synthesized folates were isolated from the intestinal aspirates. Tritiated 5-methyltetrahydrofolate, a major metabolite of folate, was isolated from the urine of omeprazole-treated subjects in greater quantities than from drug-free subjects (P < 0.01); the quantity of tritiated 5-methyltetrahydrofolate in the urine of the subjects with atrophic gastritis was similarly elevated. Conclusions: (1) Mild bacterial overgrowth caused by atrophic gastritis and administration of omeprazole are associated with de novo folate synthesis in the lumen of the small intestine; (2) the human host absorbs and uses some of these folates; and (3) the contribution to folate nutriture from this source remains unclear. C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GASTROINTESTINAL NUTR LABS,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,VITAMIN BIOAVAILABIL LABS,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV LISBON,HOSP SANTA MARIA,SERV MED 2,P-1699 LISBON,PORTUGAL. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,HADASSAH MED SCH,GASTROENTEROL UNIT,IL-91010 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. FU NCI NIH HHS [1-U01-CA63812-01] NR 34 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 5 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 BP 991 EP 998 DI 10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8613033 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UD846 UT WOS:A1996UD84600003 PM 8613033 ER PT J AU Hulten, K Han, SW Enroth, H Klein, PD Opekun, AR Gilman, RH Evans, DG Engstrand, L Graham, DY ElZaatari, FAK AF Hulten, K Han, SW Enroth, H Klein, PD Opekun, AR Gilman, RH Evans, DG Engstrand, L Graham, DY ElZaatari, FAK TI Helicobacter pylori in the drinking water in Peru SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; DENTAL PLAQUE; INFECTION; CHILDREN; FAMILIES; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION AB Background & Aims: An association between water sources and the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in Peruvian children was shown previously, The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of H. pylori in drinking water in the same community, Methods: Forty-eight drinking water samples from different locations in pueblo jovenes (new towns) near Lima were collected, Samples were frozen until technology advanced to the point at which H. pylori might be reliably detected; Immunomagnetic beads coated with anti-H. pylori immunoglobulin Gs were used to concentrate H. pylori, and two polymerase chain reaction assays based on different H. pylori genes were used, One was a polymerase chain reaction for the detection of the H. pylori adhesin subunit encoding gene, and the second was a previously validated H. pylori 16S ribosomal RNA reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Results: The expected 375-base pair fragment from the adhesin gene was amplified from 24 water samples, The expected 500-base pair fragment of the 16S ribosomal RNA and the 375-base pair fragment of the adhesin gene were amplified from 11 of the samples, Conclusions: These results confirm the presence of H. pylori in drinking water in Peru and are consistent with conclusions from a previous epidemiological study of the same population, This provides additional evidence for waterborne transmission of H. pylori in some environments. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DIS LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT MED,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. AB PRISMA,LIMA,PERU. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. UNIV UPPSALA HOSP,DEPT CLIN MICROBIOL,UPPSALA,SWEDEN. OI Enroth, Helena/0000-0001-7684-5702; Hulten, Kristina/0000-0001-7446-157X NR 29 TC 193 Z9 205 U1 2 U2 11 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 BP 1031 EP 1035 DI 10.1053/gast.1996.v110.pm8612990 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UD846 UT WOS:A1996UD84600008 PM 8612990 ER PT J AU Dutta, SK Ashktorab, H Vinayek, SM Shami, S Nair, PP AF Dutta, SK Ashktorab, H Vinayek, SM Shami, S Nair, PP TI Evaluation of CD44 expression in isolated fecal colonocytes as a marker for non-invasive detection of colonic polyp and carcinoma SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, SINAI HOSP, DEPT MED, SCH MED, BALTIMORE, MD USA. UNIV MARYLAND, SCH MED, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA. USDA, BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR, NRF LABS, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A510 EP A510 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702028 ER PT J AU Dutta, SK Motevalli, M Nair, PP Vinayek, S Fleisher, S AF Dutta, SK Motevalli, M Nair, PP Vinayek, S Fleisher, S TI Increased expression of heat shock proteins in Barrett's esophagus following beta-carotene therapy. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, SINAI HOSP, DEPT MED, BALTIMORE, MD USA. UNIV MARYLAND, SCH MED, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA. USDA, BHNRC, NRF LABS, BELTSVILLE, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A99 EP A99 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73700392 ER PT J AU Kim, YI Choi, SW Mason, JB AF Kim, YI Choi, SW Mason, JB TI Folate deficiency induces DNA strand breaks within mutation-prone exons of the p53 gene in rat colon: Implications for colorectal carcinogenesis. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV, USDA, JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR, VITAMIN METAB LAB, BOSTON, MA USA. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR, DIV CLIN NUTR, BOSTON, MA USA. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR, DEPT GASTROENTEROL, BOSTON, MA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A542 EP A542 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702154 ER PT J AU Saltzman, JR Golner, BB Barakat, S Goldin, BR Fribush, A Russell, RM AF Saltzman, JR Golner, BB Barakat, S Goldin, BR Fribush, A Russell, RM TI Treatment of lactose intolerance with lactobacillus BG2FO4 in subjects with and without hypochlorhydria SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV, JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, MED CTR, DIV DIGEST DIS & NUTR, WORCESTER, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A836 EP A836 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73703327 ER PT J AU Saltzman, JR Golner, BB Perrone, G Russell, RM AF Saltzman, JR Golner, BB Perrone, G Russell, RM TI The effect of age on small intestinal permeability as measured by alpha(1)-antitrypsin clearance. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV, USDA, HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS, MED CTR, DIV DIGEST DIS & NUTR, WORCESTER, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A836 EP A836 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73703325 ER PT J AU Shulman, RJ Schanler, RJ Heitkemper, M Lau, C Ou, C AF Shulman, RJ Schanler, RJ Heitkemper, M Lau, C Ou, C TI Intestinal permeability in the premature infant is related to urinary cortisol excretion. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP, BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS, DEPT PEDIAT, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. WASHINGTON UNIV, DEPT BIOBEHAV NURSING, SEATTLE, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A839 EP A839 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73703337 ER PT J AU Stickel, E Meydani, M Wu, D Martin, A Bronson, R Meydani, SN Russell, RM AF Stickel, E Meydani, M Wu, D Martin, A Bronson, R Meydani, SN Russell, RM TI The effect of vitamin E on prostaglandin levels in aspirin-induced acute gastric injury in old rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV, USDA, JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A264 EP A264 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73701049 ER PT J AU McGrath, JM Wielgus, SM Helgeson, JP AF McGrath, JM Wielgus, SM Helgeson, JP TI Segregation and recombination of Solanum brevidens synteny groups in progeny of somatic hybrids with S-tuberosum: Intragenomic equals or exceeds intergenomic recombination SO GENETICS LA English DT Article ID RFLP ANALYSIS; SEXUAL PROGENY; GENE-TRANSFER; RAPD MARKERS; SECT PETOTA; POTATO; HYBRIDIZATION; RESISTANCE; TOMATO; MAPS AB The Solanum brevidens genome (2n = 2x = 24) was examined with randomly applied polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in a second backcross population derived from a S. brevidens + S. tuberosum somatic hybrid. RAPD markers cosegregated into 12 different S. brevidens synteny groups. Most synteny groups were nonrecombinant,However, nearly 40% of the S. brevidens synteny groups detected in this population were recombinant deletions that carried at least one, but not all, synteny group-specific RAPD markers. Al S. brevidens synteny groups (except chromosome 5) were involved in recombination, and recombination occurred within most intervals between markers. About 20% of the recombinant S. brevidens synteny groups involved a single synteny group-specific marker. The inheritance of some single-marker representatives was followed in four BC3 families. At least nine changes in S. brevidens synteny groups had occurred during backcrossing. Six of the nine changes involved translocation of S. brevidens markers between nonhomologous S. brevidens chromosomes, and three S. brevidens markers may have been introgressed into the potato genome. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,USDA ARS,PDRRU,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 55 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU GENETICS PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202 SN 0016-6731 J9 GENETICS JI Genetics PD APR PY 1996 VL 142 IS 4 BP 1335 EP 1348 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA UD844 UT WOS:A1996UD84400023 PM 8846909 ER PT J AU Johnston, SA Hanneman, RE AF Johnston, SA Hanneman, RE TI Genetic control of endosperm balance number (EBN) in the solanaceae based on trisomic and mutation analysis SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE crossing barriers; endosperm; Datura; potato; speciation ID MAIZE AB The genetic control of Endosperm Balance Number (EBN) was studied using trisomics and induced mutation. In order to induce and detect a change in a factor determining the EBN of the male, pollen from tetraploid Datum was irradiated and used to pollinate diploids. No triploids were produced in over 70 000 fertilizations. At least 70 would have been expected if the deletion of the function of a single gene could change the EBN. An attempt was made to find a particular chromosome that could alter the EBN of the female when it was present as the extra chromosome in 2x+1 X 4x crosses. In tests of trisomics in both Datura and Solanum (potato) no chromosome could be found that changed the EBN. Therefore, it is concluded that more than one gene and more than one chromosome is involved in determining EBN. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,ARS,USDA,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Johnston, SA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT INTERNAL MED,5323 HARRY HINES BLVD,DALLAS,TX 75235, USA. NR 28 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 314 EP 321 DI 10.1139/g96-042 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UG767 UT WOS:A1996UG76700011 PM 18469896 ER PT J AU Dahleen, LS AF Dahleen, LS TI Molecular marker analysis of hypoploid regenerants from cultures of barley x Canada wild rye SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE Hordeum vulgare; aneuploidy; Elymus canadensis; tissue culture ID HORDEUM-VULGARE-L; ELYMUS-CANADENSIS; SOMACLONAL VARIATION; TISSUE-CULTURE; PLANTS; CYTOGENETICS; VARIABILITY; HYBRIDS AB Canada wild rye (CWR, Elymus canadensis L., 2n = 4x = 28) is a potential source of genes for disease resistance and environmental tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L., 2n = 2x = 14). Tissue cultures were initiated from immature inflorescences of CWR x 'Betzes' barley hybrids to promote CWR introgression into barley through possible tissue culture induced chromosome breakage and exchange. Among the plants regenerated, some were missing one (2n = 20) or part of one (2n = 20 + telo) chromosome. The objective of this study was to identify the missing chromosome or chromosome arm in these regenerants through the analysis of molecular (RFLP) markers that previously had been mapped in barley. Forty-six hypoploid regenerants that traced to 30 separate explants obtained from 10 interspecific hybrid plants were evaluated. DNA was digested with the restriction enzyme HindIII, Southern blotted, and probed with 39 genomic and cDNA barley clones that identified sequences polymorphic between barley and CWR. Eight of these probes identified band loss patterns that separated the regenerants into two groups. One group, all with barley cytoplasm, were missing a CWR chromosome homoeologous to barley chromosome 3; a second group, all with CWR cytoplasm, were missing a CWR chromosome homoelogous to barley chromosome 7. These results indicated that chromosome elimination in culture was not random. The two cytoplasm groups were further differentiated by probes that identified band shifts. These band shifts were caused by differences in DNA methylation. RP Dahleen, LS (reprint author), USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,POB 5677,FARGO,ND 58105, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 367 EP 372 DI 10.1139/g96-047 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UG767 UT WOS:A1996UG76700016 PM 18469900 ER PT J AU Redona, ED Mackill, DJ AF Redona, ED Mackill, DJ TI Molecular mapping at quantitative trait loci in japonica rice SO GENOME LA English DT Article DE QTL mapping; RAPD; RFLP; seedling vigor; japonica; Oryza sativa ID POLYMORPHIC DNA MARKERS; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; MENDELIAN FACTORS; LINKAGE MAP; SEGREGATION; COLEOPTILE; RESISTANCE; MESOCOTYL; DIVERSITY; VARIETIES AB Rice (Oryza sativa L.) molecular maps have previously been constructed using interspecific crosses or crosses between the two major subspecies: indica and japonica. For japonica breeding programs, however, it would be more suitable to use intrasubspecific crosses. A linkage map of 129 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and 18 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers was developed using 118 F-2 plants derived from a cross between two japonica cultivars with high and low seedling vigor, Italica Livorno (IL) and Labelle (LBL), respectively. The map spanned 980.5 cM (Kosambi function) with markers on all 12 rice chromosomes and an average distance of 7.6 cM between markers. Codominant (RFLP) and coupling phase linkages (among RAPDs) accounted for 79% of total map length and 71% of all intervals. This map contained a greater percentage of markers on chromosome 10, the least marked of the 12 rice chromosomes, than other rice molecular maps, but had relatively fewer markers on chromosomes 1 and 2. We used this map to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for four seedling vigor related traits Scored on 113 F-3 families in a growth chamber slantboard test at 18 degrees C. Two coleoptile, five root, and five mesocotyl length QTLs, each accounting for 9-50% of the phenotypic variation, were identified by interval analysis. Single-point analysis confirmed interval mapping results and detected additional markers significantly influencing each trait. About two-thirds of alleles positive for the putative QTLs were from the high-vigor parent, LL. One RAPD marker (OPAD13(720)) was associated with a IL allele that accounted for 18.5% of the phenotypic variation for shoot length, the most important determinant of seedling vigor in water-seeded rice. Results indicate that RAPDs are useful for map development and QTL mapping in rice populations with narrow genetic base, such as those derived from crosses among japonica cultivars. Other potential uses of the map are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT AGRON & RANGE SCI,AGR RES SERV,USDA,DAVIS,CA 95616. RI Mackill, David/C-6368-2014 OI Mackill, David/0000-0003-4224-6781 NR 53 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0831-2796 J9 GENOME JI Genome PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 395 EP 403 DI 10.1139/g96-050 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UG767 UT WOS:A1996UG76700019 PM 18469902 ER PT J AU Bunce, JA AF Bunce, JA TI Growth at elevated carbon dioxide concentration reduces hydraulic conductance in alfalfa and soybean SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon dioxide; Glycine max; hydraulic conductance; Medicago sativa; transpiration; water stress ID ATMOSPHERIC CO2; WATER RELATIONS AB Hydraulic conductances of alfalfa and soybean plants grown in controlled environment chambers at the current ambient carbon dioxide concentration and at twice the current ambient concentration were determined from measurements of transpiration rate and leaf and stem water potentials in the growth conditions. Growth at elevated carbon dioxide concentration reduced both transpiration rate and hydraulic conductance from the soil to the leaf in both species. Hydraulic conductance from the soil to the base of the stem was also lower at elevated carbon dioxide in soybean, but not alfalfa. These measurements identified the stem to leaf hydraulic pathway as a major target of the carbon dioxide effect in both species. The conductance of excised stem segments was much less in plants grown at elevated carbon dioxide in soybeans. RP Bunce, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,CLIMATE STRESS LAB,10300 BALTIMORE AVE,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 7 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 2 IS 2 BP 155 EP 158 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1996.tb00061.x PG 4 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UP504 UT WOS:A1996UP50400010 ER PT J AU Mathiasen, RL Hoffman, JT Guyon, JC Wadleigh, LL AF Mathiasen, RL Hoffman, JT Guyon, JC Wadleigh, LL TI Comparison of two roadside survey procedures for dwarf mistletoes on the Sawtooth National Forest, Idaho SO GREAT BASIN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE dwarf mistletoes; surveys; lodgepole pine; Douglas-fir AB Two roadside surveys were conducted for dwarf mistletoes parasitizing lodgepole pine and Douglas-fir on the Sawtooth National Forest, Idaho. One survey used variable-radius plots located less than 150 m from roads. The 2nd survey used variable-radius plots established at 200-m intervals along 1600-m transects run perpendicular to the same roads. Estimates of the incidence (percentage of trees infected and percentage of plots infested) and severity (average dwarf mistletoe rating) for both lodgepole pine and Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoes were not significantly different for the 2 survey methods. These findings are further evidence that roadside-plot surveys and transect-plot surveys conducted away from roads provide similar estimates of the incidence of dwarf mistletoes for large forested areas. C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,BOISE,ID 83702. US FOREST SERV,USDA,OGDEN,UT 84401. FOREST SERV,USDA,OGDEN,UT 84403. RP Mathiasen, RL (reprint author), IDAHO DEPT LANDS,BOX 670,COEUR ALENE,ID 83816, USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0017-3614 J9 GREAT BASIN NAT JI Gt. Basin Nat. PD APR PY 1996 VL 56 IS 2 BP 129 EP 134 PG 6 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UK575 UT WOS:A1996UK57500003 ER PT J AU Dodds, KA Clancy, KM Leyva, KJ Greenberg, D Price, PW AF Dodds, KA Clancy, KM Leyva, KJ Greenberg, D Price, PW TI Effects of Douglas-Fir foliage age class on western spruce budworm oviposition choice and larval performance SO GREAT BASIN NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Choristoneura occidentalis; western spruce budworm; oviposition preference; needle age; foliar quality; eruptive species AB The western spruce budworm (Choristoneura occidentalis Freeman) prefers to feed on flushing buds and current-year needles of Douglas-fir (Pseudatsuga menziesii [Mirb.] France), Budworm larvae will not typically con consume older age classes of needles unless all current-year foliage is depleted. We tested the following null hypotheses: (1) budworm larvae can feed on foliage with a wide range of dualities (i.e., current-year versus 1-, 2-, or 3-year-old needles) without measurable effects on fitness; and (2) budworm adults do not show any oviposition preference linked to the age of the foliage they fed on as larvae. We used both laboratory and field experiments. There was strong evidence to support rejection of hypothesis 1. Budworm larvae had greater survival from the 4th instar to pupal stage when they fed on current-year foliage (43%-52% survival) versus older age classes of foliage (0-25% survival). Pupae hem current-year foliage were also heavier than pupae from greater than or equal to 1-year-old foliage. There was weak evidence to support rejecting hypothesis 2; budworm adults that had fed on current-year or 3-year-old foliage as larvae preferred to oviposit on current-year foliage. Similar conclusions were drawn from the laboratory and field experiments. C1 FOREST SERV RES,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,USDA,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86001. NO ARIZONA UNIV,DEPT BIOL SCI,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86011. RP Dodds, KA (reprint author), NO ARIZONA UNIV,DEPT FORESTRY,BOX 15018,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86011, USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV PI PROVO PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 SN 0017-3614 J9 GREAT BASIN NAT JI Gt. Basin Nat. PD APR PY 1996 VL 56 IS 2 BP 135 EP 141 PG 7 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UK575 UT WOS:A1996UK57500004 ER PT J AU Hummer, KE AF Hummer, KE TI Rubus diversity SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article RP Hummer, KE (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CLONAL GERMPLASM REPOSITORY,33447 PEORIA RD,CORVALLIS,OR 97333, USA. NR 19 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 182 EP 183 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800001 ER PT J AU Faber, B Manthey, JA AF Faber, B Manthey, JA TI Zinc fertilization of avocado trees SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE foliar applications; surfactant; fertigation; trace metal deficiencies; Persea americana ID PHYTOPHTHORA ROOT-ROT; MANGANESE AB Methods for Zn fertilization of 'Hass' avocado (Persea americana Mill.) trees were evaluated in a 2-year field experiment on a commercial orchard located on a calcareous soil (pH 7.8) in Ventura County, Calif, The fertilization methods included soil- or irrigation-applied ZnSO4; irrigation-applied Zn chelate (Zn-EDTA); trunk injection of Zn(NO3)(2), and foliar applications of ZnSO4, ZnO, or Zn metalosate. Other experiments evaluated the influence of various surfactants on the Zn contents of leaves treated with foliar-applied materials and on the retention and translocation of radiolabeled (ZnSO4)-Zn-65 and Zn-65 metalosate after application to the leaf surface. In the field experiment, tree responses to fertilization with soil-applied materials were affected significantly by their initial status, such that only trees having <50 mu g . g(-1) had significant increases in foliar Zn contents after fertilization. Among the three soil and irrigation treatments, ZnSO4 applied at 3.2 kg ZnSO4 per tree either as a quarterly irrigation or annually as a soil application was the most effective and increased leaf tissue Zn concentrations to 75 and 90 mu g . g(-1), respectively, Foliar-applied ZnSO4, ZnO, and Zn metalosate with Zn at 5.4, 0.8, and 0.9 g . liter(-1), respectively, also resulted in increased leaf Zn concentrations. However, experiments with Zn-65 applied to leaves of greenhouse seedlings showed that <1% of Zn applied as ZnSO4 or Zn metalosate was actually taken up by the leaf tissue and that there was little translocation of Zn into leaf parenchyma tissue adjacent to the application spots or into the leaves above or below the treated leaves. Given these problems with foliar Zn, fertilization using soil- or irrigation-applied ZnSO4 may provide the most reliable method for correction of Zn deficiency in avocado on calcareous soils. C1 UNIV CALIF VENTURA,VENTURA,CA 93009. USDA ARS,FRUIT & VEGETABLE CHEM LAB,PASADENA,CA 91106. RP Faber, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT SOIL & ENVIRONM SCI,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 224 EP 229 PG 6 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800012 ER PT J AU Peacock, DN Hummer, KE AF Peacock, DN Hummer, KE TI Pregermination studies with liquid nitrogen and sulfuric acid on several Rubus species SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE preservation; pyrenes; scarification; germination AB We contrasted the effect of liquid nitrogen (LN(2)), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and a nontreated control on the germination of six Rubus species, We also were interested in determining if LN(2) could be an effective mechanical scarifying agent for these species, Seeds of each species were treated with three 3-minute dips in LN(2) with alternating 10-minute thaws, with H2SO4 for 30 minutes, or left untreated. The percent germination of R. multibracteatus A. Leveille & Vaniot, R. parviflorus Nutt., R. eustephanos Focke ex Diels, R. leucodermis Douglas ex Torrey & A, Gray, R. ursinus Cham, & Schldl., and R. chamaemorus L. treated with LN(2) was not significantly different than the control. Germinated seedlings from the LN(2) treatment of each species showed normal development upon planting, indicating that long-term cryogenic preservation of these Rubus species seeds may be possible. The H2SO4 treatment significantly increased the rate and percentage of germination in R. parviflorus, R. eustephanos, R. leucodermis, and R. ursinus over that of the control and the LN(2) treatment. The alternative LN(2) application techniques that have been attempted thus far have not significantly improved Rubus seed germination compared with that of the control. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT HORT,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP Peacock, DN (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CLONAL GERMPLASM REPOSITORY,33447 PEORIA RD,CORVALLIS,OR 97333, USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 238 EP 239 PG 2 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800015 ER PT J AU Ehlenfeldt, MK Stretch, AW Brewster, V AF Ehlenfeldt, MK Stretch, AW Brewster, V TI Genetic and morphological factors influence mummy berry blight resistance in highbush blueberry cultivars SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Vaccinium corymbosum; Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi; Vaccinium augustifolium AB The resistance of 48 highbush blueberry cultivars and selections to the blight phase of mummy berry disease, incited by the fungus Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi (Reade) Honey, was examined in relation to percent Vaccinium angustifolium Ait, ancestry, season of fruit maturity, and shoot growth during the primary infection phase. Correlations of percent blighting with percent V. angustifolium ancestry were significant across 3 years, but correlations with fruit maturity were significant in only 2 of 3 years, Correlations of percent blighting with early shoot growth were significant in both years measured, with r values of 0.54 in 1994, 0.83 in 1995, and 0.83 across years, A multiple regression found only shoot growth highly significant for susceptibility and rendered V. angustifolium ancestry and season of fruit maturity nonsignificant. Resistant cultivars exhibiting early shoot elongation suggest that resistance can be either biochemically or escape based. RP Ehlenfeldt, MK (reprint author), USDA ARS,RUTGERS BLUEBERRY & CRANBERRY RES CTR,LAKE OSWEGO RD,CHATSWORTH,NJ 08019, USA. NR 10 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 252 EP 254 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800020 ER PT J AU PerkinsVeazie, P Collins, JK Clark, JR AF PerkinsVeazie, P Collins, JK Clark, JR TI Cultivar and maturity affect postharvest quality of fruit from erect blackberries SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Rubus spp; fruit composition; firmness ID THORNLESS BLACKBERRY; ETHYLENE AB Fruit at three stages of ripeness were harvested from four erect blackberry (Rubus spp,) cultivars, 'Navaho', 'Choctaw', 'Cheyenne', and 'Shawnee', for 2 years to evaluate fresh-market shelf life during 7 days of storage at 2C, 95% relative humidity, Ethylene production was highest from dull black fruit and varied widely among cultivars, ranging from 7.3 to 51.1 pmol . kg(-1). s(-1) for 'Navaho' and 'Choctaw' fruit, respectively, Weight loss ranged from 0.8% ('Shawnee') to 3.3% ('Navaho') after storage, Mottled (50% black) fruit of all cultivars were higher in fruit firmness and titratable acidity and had lower soluble solids and anthocyanin concentrations than fruit at other stages of maturity, Cultivars did not differ in total anthocyanin concentration, but dull black fruit had a higher anthocyanin concentration than shiny black fruit, Dull black 'Choctaw', 'Shawnee', and 'Cheyenne' fruit were softer and had more leakage and decay than shiny black fruit, Both shiny and dull black 'Navaho' fruit had less leakage than fruit of other cultivars, All cultivars at the shiny black stage were considered marketable after 7 days at 2C because fruit were firm with little decay or leakage, However, red discoloration appeared more frequently on shiny black than on dull black fruit, Mottled fruit of erect cultivars should not be harvested, while shiny black fruit of 'Cheyenne', 'Shawnee', and 'Choctaw' might be suited for regional markets, Either shiny black or dull black 'Navaho' fruit could be shipped to distant markets. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT HORT,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. RP PerkinsVeazie, P (reprint author), USDA ARS,S CENT AGR RES LAB,LANE,OK 74555, USA. NR 17 TC 32 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 258 EP 261 PG 4 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800022 ER PT J AU Staub, J Bacher, J Poetter, K AF Staub, J Bacher, J Poetter, K TI Sources of potential errors in the application of random amplified polymorphic DNAs in cucumber SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Cucumis sativus; cucumber; polymerase chain reaction; breeding; molecular markers; RAPD ID MILDEW RESISTANCE GENES; NEAR-ISOGENIC LINES; RAPD MARKERS; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATIONS; PRIMERS; LETTUCE; TOMATO; RNA AB The influence of tissue age, pathogen infestation, intrapopulation contamination, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions were assessed as sources of error in random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. DNA from young, uninfected tissue provided the most consistent results. Plants infected with Sphaerotheca fuliginea Schl. (ex Fr.) Poll. showed variation in RAPD banding patterns compared to those of uninfected plants. Differences in banding patterns were detectable when DNA from two inbred lines were mixed at dilution ratios of less than or equal to 20:1 but not greater than or equal to 50:1. Differing lots of commercially available 10x reaction buffer, MgCl2 stock solutions, and Tag DNA polymerase affected RAPD banding patterns and overall yield. For reproducibility of RAPD assays, it may be necessary to optimize reactions for specific lots of PCR reagents from either commercial or in-house sources. RP Staub, J (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,USDA ARS,DEPT HORT,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 22 TC 72 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 262 EP 266 PG 5 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800023 ER PT J AU Ehlenfeldt, MK Hall, MR AF Ehlenfeldt, MK Hall, MR TI Metrical analysis of a putative source for semi-seedlessness in rabbiteye blueberry, Vaccinium ashei Reade SO HORTSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE parthenocarpy; ovule ID SELF-INCOMPATIBILITY; FRUIT-SET AB T 286, a rabbiteye blueberry selection from a 'Delite' x 'Tifblue' cross, generally has been regarded as producing semi-seedless fruit, A comparison of nonpollinated flowers of T 286,'Delite', and 'Tifblue' showed no differences in ovule count, and comparisons of ovules at 10, 20, and 40 days from manual cross-pollination showed no obvious evidence of embryo abortion, Manually cross-pollinated flowers contained 85, 60, and 38 seeds per fruit for 'Delite', 'Tifblue', and T 286, respectively, Open-pollinated fruit of T 286 had a seed count similar to that of open-pollinated 'Tifblue' but possessed significantly heavier fruit. The number of seed in T 286 and 'Tifblue' indicates a tendency toward parthenocarpy. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,DEPT HORT,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP Ehlenfeldt, MK (reprint author), USDA ARS,RUTGERS BLUEBERRY & CRANBERRY RES CTR,CHATSWORTH,NJ 08019, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE PI ALEXANDRIA PA 701 NORTH SAINT ASAPH STREET, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1998 SN 0018-5345 J9 HORTSCIENCE JI Hortscience PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 272 EP 274 PG 3 WC Horticulture SC Agriculture GA UE308 UT WOS:A1996UE30800026 ER PT J AU Rango, A Wergin, WP Erbe, EF AF Rango, A Wergin, WP Erbe, EF TI Snow crystal imaging using scanning electron microscopy .1. Precipitated snow SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article AB Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe precipitated snow crystals. The newly-fallen snow crystals were obtained in storms at Beltsville, Maryland, and at Bearden Mountain near Davis, West Virginia, USA. The snow samples were mounted on modified SEM stubs, frozen in liquid nitrogen, sputter coated with platinum, and imaged with an electron beam. Many types of precipitated snow crystals were observed including hexagonal plates, columns, needles, stellar dendrites, bullets, graupel, and rimed crystals. The SEM techniques that were developed can be used for quantitative measurements of size, shape and structure of crystals. SEM of precipitated snow appears to have direct application for the inference of atmospheric and cloud conditions where the snow crystals formed and travelled to the ground and for the development of a relationship between snow crystal type and snowfall intensity and amount. The SEM technique provides a new procedure to record permanently snow crystal conditions during winter storms. RP Rango, A (reprint author), USDA ARS,HYDROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU IAHS PRESS, INST HYDROLOGY PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O SARAH CAGE, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0262-6667 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 41 IS 2 BP 219 EP 233 DI 10.1080/02626669609491494 PG 15 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA UE644 UT WOS:A1996UE64400007 ER PT J AU Rango, A Wergin, WP Erbe, EF AF Rango, A Wergin, WP Erbe, EF TI Snow crystal imaging using scanning electron microscopy .2. Metamorphosed snow SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article ID WATER EQUIVALENT; MICROWAVE AB Low-temperature scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe metamorphosed snow crystals and grains obtained in the field. Metamorphosed snow was obtained from seasonal snowpacks in the Colorado Rocky Mountains and in Alaska. The snow samples obtained in snowpits were mounted on modified SEM stubs, frozen in liquid nitrogen, transported in Dewar flasks to the SEM facility, sputter coated with platinum, and imaged with an electron beam. Analysis of a representative set of snow samples revealed examples of metamorphosed stellar crystals, fine snow grains with sintering, rounded and faceted crystals, several types of depth hear, rounded grains of melt metamorphism, and an ice lens. Some of the crystals exhibiting both rounding and facets indicated that both equitemperature and temperature gradient metamorphism influenced the snowpack. The SEM methods developed are operable in the field and can be used to quantify three-dimensionally size, shape and bonding characteristics of crystals. SEM appears to have direct application for better understanding of snow crystal metamorphism and snowpack processes, increasing knowledge of conditions leading to avalanche formation, and improving modelling of the transfer of microwave energy from the ground surface through the snowpack for eventual estimation of snow water equivalent. RP Rango, A (reprint author), USDA ARS,HYDROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU IAHS PRESS, INST HYDROLOGY PI WALLINGFORD PA C/O SARAH CAGE, WALLINGFORD, ENGLAND OX10 8BB SN 0262-6667 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 41 IS 2 BP 235 EP 250 DI 10.1080/02626669609491495 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA UE644 UT WOS:A1996UE64400008 ER PT J AU Viboud, GI Jonson, G DeanNystrom, E Svennerholm, AM AF Viboud, GI Jonson, G DeanNystrom, E Svennerholm, AM TI The structural gene encoding human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli PCFO20 is homologous to that for porcine 987P SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA; FACTOR ANTIGEN-I; COLONIZATION FACTOR; PIG ENTEROPATHOGENS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; SMALL-INTESTINE; ADHESION; EXPRESSION; PILUS; K88 AB Putative colonization factor PCFO20 was recently identified in an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain of serogroup O20 isolated from a child with diarrhea in Argentina. The gene encoding the structural subunit of PCFO20 fimbriae, fotA, was cloned from strain ARG-2 in the expression phage vector lambda ZAP Express. One positive clone, pGV29, that carried a 3.3-kb fragment was identified on the basis of fimbrillin production by using a monospecific rabbit anti-PCFO20 serum, Nucleotide sequencing of a 1.3-kb Sau3A-ClaI fragment of the subclone pGV292 containing the region coding for PCFO20 fimbrillin revealed two open reading frames of which one was complete. A Western blot (immunoblot) showed that the cloned protein, FotA, migrated like the PCFO20 fimbrial subunit protein did, Fimbriae were not detected on the surface of E. coli host bacteria containing pGV292 or pGV29, suggesting that the genes needed for assembly of PCFO20 fimbriae are lacking in both clones. The fotA gene encodes a 20,574-Da prefimbrillin protein which contains a 21-amino-acid signal sequence; the mature protein has a size of 18.1 kDa. The subunit protein FotA was found to be more homologous to the subunit of porcine 987P than to any fimbrial subunit produced by human ETEC. Alignments of the amino acid sequences of the two proteins indicate that they are partly identical, with an overall similarity of 82%. FotA fimbrillin was shown to be transported and assembled by the fimbria assembly machinery in porcine ETEC strain 987, PCFO20 and 987P may have evolved from a common ancestral gene. They are immunologically related but have affinity for different host cell receptors, since PCFO20-producing bacteria do not bind to neonatal piglet enterocytes. C1 GOTHENBURG UNIV, DEPT MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, S-41346 GOTHENBURG, SWEDEN. USDA ARS, NATL ANIM DIS CTR, PHYSIOPATHOL RES UNIT, AMES, IA 50010 USA. NR 48 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1996 VL 64 IS 4 BP 1233 EP 1239 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UC314 UT WOS:A1996UC31400022 PM 8606084 ER PT J AU Straus, DC Jolley, WL Purdy, CW AF Straus, DC Jolley, WL Purdy, CW TI Characterization of neuraminidases produced by various serotypes of Pasteurella multocida SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES; HAEMOLYTICA AB Neuraminidases produced by 16 strains of Pasteurella multocida (serotypes 1 to 16) were characterized by molecular weight, substrate specificity, and antigenic identity. After growth in a chemically defined medium, stage I (lyophilized) culture supernatants were assayed for activity with N-acetylneuramin lactose, human alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, fetuin, colominic acid, and bovine submaxillary mucin. Neuraminidase produced by P. multocida A:3 was purified by a combination of salt fractionation, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel, and gel filtration an Sephadex G-200. Purified P. multocida A:3 neuraminidase was employed to immunize rabbits, and the resulting antiserum reduced the activity of the P. multocida A:3 enzyme by 40.3%. This antiserum also reduced the activities of the neuraminidases produced by other serotypes by between 30.8 and 59.6%. Molecular weight estimates of the neuraminidases produced by the various serotypes were obtained by gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G-200. Each of the 16 serotypes examined produced a neuraminidase with a molecular weight of approximately 500,000. In addition, all 16 high-molecular-weight neuraminidases showed similar substrate specificities. On the basis of these data, it appears that the high-molecular-weight neuraminidases produced by different P. multocida serotypes are quite similar. C1 USDA ARS,CONSERVAT & PROD RES LAB,BUSHLAND,TX 79012. RP Straus, DC (reprint author), TEXAS TECH UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LUBBOCK,TX 79430, USA. NR 27 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1996 VL 64 IS 4 BP 1446 EP 1449 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UC314 UT WOS:A1996UC31400054 PM 8606116 ER PT J AU Roberts, MS Nakamura, LK Cohan, FM AF Roberts, MS Nakamura, LK Cohan, FM TI Bacillus vallismortis sp nov, a close relative of Bacillus subtilis, isolated from soil in Death Valley, California SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; STRAINS AB Five Bacillus strains isolated from Death Valley soil were shown to belong to a previously unidentified species, for which we propose the name Bacillus vallismortis. The type strain is strain DV1-F-3(=NRRL B-14890). On the basis of previously published restriction digestion data, B-vallismortis is most closely related to Bacillus subtilis. At this time B-vallismortis can be distinguished from B-subtilis only by differences in whole-cell fatty acid compositions, DNA sequences, and levels of reassociation of genomic DNA. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. WESLEYAN UNIV,DEPT BIOL,MIDDLETOWN,CT 06459. RP Roberts, MS (reprint author), MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,CTR MICROBIAL ECOL,E LANSING,MI 48824, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM39501] NR 21 TC 76 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0020-7713 J9 INT J SYST BACTERIOL JI Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 46 IS 2 BP 470 EP 475 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UE640 UT WOS:A1996UE64000017 PM 8934905 ER PT J AU Davidson, KW Booth, SL Dolnikowski, GG Sadowski, JA AF Davidson, KW Booth, SL Dolnikowski, GG Sadowski, JA TI Conversion of vitamin K-1 to 2',3'-dihydrovitamin K-1 during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE vitamin K; phylloquinone; dihydrovitamin K-1; vegetable oils; hydrogenation ID UNITED-STATES DIET; FATTY-ACIDS; HEALTH AB When vitamin K-1 (phylloquinone) was measured by HPLC in foods containing partially hydrogenated vegetable oils, a peak corresponding to the retention time of 2',3'-dihydrovitamin K-1 was observed. Dihydrovitamin K-1 has a molecular mass 2 Da greater than that of vitamin K-1 due to saturation of the 2',3' double bond of the side chain. For confirmation of this putative compound, samples of a commercial shortening, soybean oil, and soybean oil subjected to light and heavy hydrogenation were purified by preparative HPLC and analyzed by GC/MS. Authentic dihydrovitamin K-1 and the oil samples produced molecular ions at m/z 452 and fragment ions at m/z 186. Although absolute levels of both vitamin K-1 and dihydrovitamin K-1 decreased with an increase in hydrogenation, there was an overall increase in the ratio of dihydrovitamin K-1 to vitamin K-1. The biological activity of dihydrovitamin K-1 remains to be determined; however, if biologically active, it could have a significant role in vitamin K nutriture. C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 16 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 980 EP 983 DI 10.1021/jf950490s PG 4 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF776 UT WOS:A1996UF77600007 ER PT J AU Thompson, VS Maragos, CM AF Thompson, VS Maragos, CM TI Fiber-optic immunosensor for the detection of fumonisin B-1 SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE immunosensor; fiber optic; fluorescence; fumonisin; biosensor ID BINDING; FLUOROIMMUNOASSAY; ANTIBODIES; MYCOTOXINS; BIOSENSOR; KINETICS; ANTIGEN; TOXIN AB A fiber-optic immunosensor was developed to measure the mycotoxin fumonisin B-1 (FB1). Monoclonal antibodies produced against FB1 were covalently bound through a heterobifunctional silane to an etched 800 mu m core optical fiber. An evanescent wave effect was utilized to excite fluorescein isothiocyanate labeled FB1 (FB1-FITC) molecules near the surface of the fiber. A direct competitive assay was used to measure FB1 concentrations with the following steps: saturation of antibody binding sites by FB1-FITC, competition of FB1 and FB1-FITC with displacement of the labeled toxin, and resaturation of binding sites by FB1-FITC. The signal generated in the assay was found to be inversely proportional to the FB1 concentration. This sensor exhibited a working range of 10- 1000 ng of FB1/mL, an IC50 of 70 ng/mL, and a limit of detection of 10 ng/mL. These values compared favorably with those for currently available ELISA techniques. The sensor exhibited cross-reactivity with fumonisin B-2 but did not react with hydrolyzed FB1, sphinganine, or tricarballylic acid. Sensor performance was also found to be unaffected in a sample matrix of methanol/water-extracted corn. C1 USDA ARS, NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES, MYCOTOXIN RES UNIT, PEORIA, IL 61604 USA. RI Thompson, Vicki/B-9086-2017 OI Thompson, Vicki/0000-0003-4975-392X NR 35 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1041 EP 1046 DI 10.1021/jf950661t PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF776 UT WOS:A1996UF77600017 ER PT J AU Schatzki, TF Pan, JL AF Schatzki, TF Pan, JL TI Distribution of aflatoxin in pistachios .3. Process streams distribution in pistachio SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE processing; tree nuts; removal; process control; sampling; growth model; aflatoxin analysis AB The distribution of aflatoxin concentration has been measured by sampling 19 process streams ranging from 1 to 1000 multisample. The 19 streams comprise substantially the entire sorted product of one producer for crop year 1992. Similar results were obtained by another producer for 1993. The fraction of total aflatoxin accounted for by each process stream was computed. It was concluded that 90% of aflatoxin is contained in 4.6% of (low-quality) product; removal of this product would reduce average aflatoxin from 1.2 to 0.12 ng/g for all product sold for human consumption. On the basis of the aflatoxin distributions of the processed as well as an unprocessed stream, the conclusion is drawn that all aflatoxin found here arises in the orchard; none is produced under normal processing conditions. It is estimated that the necessary sample size (in terms of the sample mean and desired variance of the mean) for aflatoxin measurement in pistachios is given by number of nuts = (8 x 10(5) ng/g) x mean/variance. RP Schatzki, TF (reprint author), USDA ARS,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710, USA. NR 16 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1076 EP 1084 DI 10.1021/jf950358s PG 9 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF776 UT WOS:A1996UF77600023 ER PT J AU Moshonas, MG Shaw, PE AF Moshonas, MG Shaw, PE TI Volatile components of calamondin peel oil SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE citrus; gas chromatography; mass spectrometry; flavor; peel essential oil AB Calamondin peel oil extract from two composite peel samples with hexane were each analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (CC-MS), and 56 constituents were identified and quantified by GC peak area percent values. All except 5 of these components had been identified previously in citrus juices or oils. Composition of the peel oil components most resembled that reported earlier for kumquat, a member of the Fortunella species believed to be one of the parents of calamondin. RP Moshonas, MG (reprint author), USDA ARS,CITRUS & SUBTROP PROD LAB,600 AVE SNW,POB 1909,WINTER HAVEN,FL 33883, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1105 EP 1107 DI 10.1021/jf950429n PG 3 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF776 UT WOS:A1996UF77600028 ER PT J AU Lamikanra, O Grimm, CC Rodin, JB Inyang, ID AF Lamikanra, O Grimm, CC Rodin, JB Inyang, ID TI Hydroxylated stilbenes in selected American wines SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE resveratrol; stilbenol; red wine; muscadine; Vitis ID RESVERATROL; PHYTOALEXINS; DISEASE AB Hydroxylated stilbene contents of a number of commercial American red wines were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Six stilbenols were eluted. Two of these were identified as cis and trans isomers of 3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene (resveratrol), while the others were tentatively identified as mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrahydroxystilbenes. cis- and trans-resveratrol were present in the wines at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 31.9 ppm for cis and from 0.0 to 13.4 ppm for trans. The concentrations of resveratrol in wines made from Vitis rotundifolia (muscadine) grapes were higher (P > 0.05) than those present in wines made from Vitis vinifera and Vitis labruscana grapes. Tetrahydroxy contents of Muscadine and Concord wine were, in general, lower than that of the V. vinifera wines. A method for analyzing hydroxylated stilbene compounds in wine by flame ionization detection is reported. C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. RP Lamikanra, O (reprint author), FLORIDA A&M UNIV,CTR VITICULTURAL SCI & SMALL FARM DEV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32307, USA. NR 31 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1111 EP 1115 DI 10.1021/jf950274j PG 5 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF776 UT WOS:A1996UF77600030 ER PT J AU Locke, MA Gaston, LA Zablotowicz, RM AF Locke, MA Gaston, LA Zablotowicz, RM TI Alachlor biotransformation and sorption in soil from two soybean tillage systems SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE herbicide; alachlor; no-tillage; plant residue; dissipation; sorption ID NO-TILLAGE; SURFACE; METABOLISM; DEGRADATION; PESTICIDES; ATRAZINE; TRANSFORMATION; METOLACHLOR; GROUNDWATER; ACETOCHLOR AB Few studies have investigated tillage effects on alachlor [2-chloro-N-(2, 6-diethylphenyl)-N-(methoxymethyl)acetamide] degradation. Objectives here were to evaluate kinetics and mechanisms of alachlor degradation in surface (0-5 cm) Dundee silt loam (fine-silty, mixed, thermic, Aeric Ochraqualf) from plots managed for 7 years as conventional tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT) soybeans (Glycine max L.). In experiment I, incubations ranged from 0 to 54 days after C-14-ring-labeled alachlor (4.44 mu mol kg(-1)) application. In experiment II, soil was incubated (10 g:3 mL of CaCl2) with C-14-labeled alachlor (14.8 or 111.2 mu mol L(-1)) from 1 to 25 days. Soils in experiment I were extracted with methanol and in experiment II were sequentially desorbed with 0.01 M CaCl2 and methanol and then oxidized to measure unextractable C-14. Mineralization of alachlor was more rapid in NT. Methanol-extractable and CaCl2-desorbable alachlor declined during incubation for both tillage treatments, with a corresponding increase in methanol-unextractable C-14. Tillage did not influence the initial disappearance of alachlor (half-life approximate to 6.5 days) but did affect metabolite transformations. Alachlor sorption was more rapid in NT, accompanied by less CaCl2-desorbable and more methanol-extractable alachlor and metabolites. Unextractable C-14 was also greater in the NT soil. Acidic metabolites accumulated in both tillage soils. RP Locke, MA (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO WEED SCI LAB,POB 350,STONEVILLE,MS 38776, USA. OI Zablotowicz, Robert/0000-0001-8070-1998 NR 39 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0021-8561 J9 J AGR FOOD CHEM JI J. Agric. Food Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1128 EP 1134 DI 10.1021/jf950466e PG 7 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF776 UT WOS:A1996UF77600033 ER PT J AU Barker, GL AF Barker, GL TI Equilibrium moisture content of cotton plant components SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LINT MOISTURE; REGAIN RATES; TEMPERATURE AB Equilibrium moisture contents for cotton plant parts (leaves, sticks and burs), all trash, were obtained at temperatures ranging from 5 to 80 degrees C in a moving air stream (flow rate of 3 x 10(-4) m(3)/s) and relative humidity ranging from 0 to 98%. The temperatures used were 5, 20, 35, 50, 65 and 80 degrees C. Data were obtained for both absorption and desorption for each temperature and plant part tested. The data showed that temperature had a small effect on the moisture content for absorption, but there was a more noticeable effect for desorption. The results showed an almost linear increase in equilibrium moisture content between 20 and 70% relative humidity followed by an exponential rise as the relative humidity approached 100%. Two equations (the Modified-Oswin and a functional relationship developed by the author) were found to give acceptable fits to the experimental results. Data from the literature showed slightly higher equlibrium moisture contents for the same humidity conditions. This information will be used in conjunction with absorption and desorption rate curves to estimate the moisture content of harvested seed cotton during various phases of cotton processing. (C) 1996 Silsoe Research Institute RP Barker, GL (reprint author), USDA ARS,CROPPING SYST LAB,COTTON PROD & PROC RES UNIT,LUBBOCK,TX, USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0021-8634 J9 J AGR ENG RES JI J. Agr. Eng. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 63 IS 4 BP 353 EP 363 DI 10.1006/jaer.1996.0038 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA UK402 UT WOS:A1996UK40200008 ER PT J AU Rogers, CE Marti, OG AF Rogers, CE Marti, OG TI Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) as a host for the ectoparasitic nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera exigua; Noctuidae; Lepidoptera; Nematoda; Acugutturidae ID APHELENCHOIDIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA AB The beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hubner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an economically important pest in the southeastern United States. An ectoparasitic nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense Remillet and Silvain (Nematoda: Acugutturidae), naturally attacks the adult stage of several Spodoptera species, but not the beet armyworm. We assessed the suitability of the beet armyworm as a host for N. guyanense in the laboratory. Nematodes of variable developmental stages were transferred from feral fall armyworm, S. frugiperda (J. E. Smith), moths to beet armyworm moths in the laboratory to test whether the latter species is a suitable host for N. guyanense. Nematodes transferred to moths of the beet armyworm became established, multiplied, and transferred to new hosts on which they reproduced as infested hosts mated. Our results confirm that the beet armyworm is a suitable experimental host for N. guyanense, and that it should be pursued as a candidate for inoculative and augmentative biological control studies in the field. RP Rogers, CE (reprint author), ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,USDA,POB 748,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 SN 0735-939X J9 J AGR ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 81 EP 86 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA UK762 UT WOS:A1996UK76200001 ER PT J AU Petersen, JJ Currey, DM AF Petersen, JJ Currey, DM TI Reproduction and development of Muscidifurax raptorellus (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), a parasite of filth flies SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hymenoptera; Pteromalidae; parasitic wasp; Muscidifurax raptorellus; biological control; Diptera; Muscidae; house fly AB A gregarious strain of Muscidifurax raptorellus Kogan and Legner was colonized from eastern Nebraska and evaluated for its potential as a biological control agent against house flies. Maturation within the host puparium required 13 d at 30 degrees C, 15-16 d at 25 degrees C, and 31-35 d at 20 degrees C. Although M. raptorellus is gregarious, it partitions its eggs over the host patch by laying 2-3 eggs per host when there is an abundance of hosts but by concentrating oviposition when hosts are scarce. Females are capable of producing 16-20 eggs per day during their peak ovipositional period and a total of ca. 150 eggs over their lifetime. A carbohydrate source extended the life of female parasites but did not increase their fecundity appreciably. This species is considered to have high potential as a biological control agent because it is economically mass reared, has a high fecundity rate, and partitions its eggs over the available host population. RP Petersen, JJ (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,DEPT ENTOMOL,MIDWEST LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 SN 0735-939X J9 J AGR ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 99 EP 107 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA UK762 UT WOS:A1996UK76200004 ER PT J AU Miller, E Stewart, F Lowe, A Bomberg, J AF Miller, E Stewart, F Lowe, A Bomberg, J TI New method of processing diet for mass rearing pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders (Lepidoptera: Gelichiidae) SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lepidoptera; Gelichiidae; Pectinophora gossypiella; pink bollworm mass rearing; scraped surface heat exchanger AB Pink bollworm (PEW) (Pectinophora gossypiella Saunders) diet processed with a scraped surface heat exchanger (SSHE) was compared to the standard batch-making system currently used in the Pink Bollworm Rearing Facility (PBWRF) in Phoenix, Arizona. Diet processed by standard methods and by the SSHE method produced similar yields of pupae per rearing container in two of the three tests conducted. However, larger pupae were produced with the SSHE-processed diet than with the standard diet. Pupal eclosion rates were similar, but wing deformities in adults reared on SSHE diet were higher than those reared on the standard diet. Production and the advantages of using the SSHE method of PEW diet processing are discussed. RP Miller, E (reprint author), USDA,APHIS,PHOENIX METHODS DEV CTR,4125 E BROADWAY RD,PHOENIX,AZ 85040, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTH CAROLINA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI CLEMSON PA PO BOX 582, CLEMSON, SC 29633 SN 0735-939X J9 J AGR ENTOMOL JI J. Agr. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 13 IS 2 BP 129 EP 137 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA UK762 UT WOS:A1996UK76200007 ER PT J AU Luan, S Pang, HM Houk, RS AF Luan, S Pang, HM Houk, RS TI Optical emission studies of the Mach disc extracted from an inductively coupled plasma with an echelle spectrometer and segmented-array charge-coupled detectors SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE inductively coupled plasma; supersonic jet; Mach disc; atomic emission spectrometry; simultaneous multi-element analysis ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ICP-OES; GAS AB An inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is extracted into a small quartz vacuum chamber through a sampling orifice in a water-cooled copper plate. Optical emission from the Mach disc region is measured with a new type of echelle spectrometer equipped with two segmented-array charge-coupled device detectors, the Optima 3000 from Perkin-Elmer. This device provides high quantum efficiency throughout the ultraviolet-visible region, as well as low dark current and readout noise, The spectral background emitted by the Mach disc is very low. Axial profiles of the optical emission of a range of atom and ion lines are measured. The effects of aerosol gas Bow rate on the intensities of various lines are investigated. The relationship between the location of the Mach disc and the pressure in the expansion chamber is also studied. The analyte line intensities are enhanced at higher pressure. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,USDA,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD APR PY 1996 VL 11 IS 4 BP 247 EP 252 DI 10.1039/ja9961100247 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UF871 UT WOS:A1996UF87100002 ER PT J AU Huntington, GB Zetina, EJ Whitt, JM Potts, W AF Huntington, GB Zetina, EJ Whitt, JM Potts, W TI Effects of dietary concentrate level on nutrient absorption, liver metabolism, and urea kinetics of beef steers fed isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE steers; urea; energy metabolism; protein metabolism ID NITROGEN-METABOLISM; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; PLASMA UREA; DAIRY-COWS; DIGESTION; SHEEP; GLUCOSE; BLOOD; HAY; DEGRADATION AB Six multicatheterized beef steers (421 +/- 21 kg BW) were used to predict the effect of dietary concentrate level on blood flow and net flux of urea and other metabolites across splanchnic tissues. Diets ranged from 0% (switchgrass hay) to 90% concentrate (10% switchgrass hay, 89% cracked corn, 1% urea). Daily DMI varied from 8.01 to 5.34 kg/d. Nitrogen intake (99 g/d) and calculated ME intake (16.8 Mcal/d) were equal among diets. As dietary concentrate increased from 0 to 90%, liver blood flow decreased from 850 to 795 L/h, portal-drained visceral (PDV) blood flow decreased from 750 to 620 L/h, and mesenteric-drained visceral (MDV) blood flow decreased from 270 to 250 L/h. Liver release of urea N was 94 mmol/h when dietary concentrate was less than 20%, then increased to 146 mmol/h at 55% concentrate. Urinary excretion of urea N was 13 mmol/h or less when dietary concentrate was 20% or less, increased to 53 mmol/h at 55% concentrate, then continued to increase to 76 mmol/h at 90% concentrate. Transfer of urea N to PDV ranged from 71 to 91 mmol/h and transfer to MDV ranged from 0 to 10 mmol/h among diets. As dietary concentrate increased from 27 to 63%, VFA release by PDV decreased, net MDV and splanchnic release of glucose increased, and splanchnic tissues switched from net uptake to net release of L-lactate. Net PDV release or liver removal of ammonia or alpha-amino N and net liver release of glucose were not affected. We conclude that the liver responded to changes in the percentage of dietary concentrate by altering urea production and by altering the role of lactate in intermediary metabolism. C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20714. NR 39 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC ANIMAL SCIENCE PI SAVOY PA 1111 NORTH DUNLAP AVE, SAVOY, IL 61874 SN 0021-8812 J9 J ANIM SCI JI J. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 74 IS 4 BP 908 EP 916 PG 9 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA UF518 UT WOS:A1996UF51800027 PM 8728014 ER PT J AU Suiter, DR Carlson, DA Patterson, RS Koehler, PG AF Suiter, DR Carlson, DA Patterson, RS Koehler, PG TI Host-location kairomone from Periplaneta americana (L) for parasitoid Aprostocetus hagenowii (Ratzeburg) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biological control; cuticular hydrocarbon; attractant; ootheca; 6,9-heptacosadiene; Blattidae; frass; Insecta; Periplaneta americana; Aprostocetus hagenowii; kairomone ID TETRASTICHUS-HAGENOWII; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; NEMERITIS-CANESCENS; SEEKING STIMULANT; CADRA-CAUTELLA; SEX-PHEROMONE; ALMOND MOTH; HYMENOPTERA; IDENTIFICATION; COMPONENTS AB Chemically mediated host location in the eulophid parasitoid Aprostocetus hagenowii (Ratzeburg) was investigated. In Y-tube bioassays 77.6% of female parasitoids responded to a Periplaneta americana (L.) ootheca; parasitoids did not respond to air with no volatile stimuli. Frass from adult cockroaches was as attractive as an ootheca. Bioassay of one ootheca equivalent of five lipid fractions (eluted with hexane and 1, 5, 10, and 30% ether in hexane) from silica gel column chromatography indicated that the active component was a hydrocarbon. Further separation and bioassay of oothecal hydrocarbons by AgNO3-impregnated silica gel column chromatography indicated that the biological activity was in one fraction. Gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of this fraction revealed a single peak; this peak was identified by researchers in 1963, 1969, and 1972 as (Z,Z)-6,9-heptacosadiene. Qualitative and quantitative GC analyses of total hydrocarbons from oothecae, frass, and adult females were essentially identical; 6,9-heptacosadiene was the dominant hydrocarbon from each source. The alkadiene was 37 times more abundant in frass than on the ootheca. The volatilization of the alkadiene from oothecae was demonstrated by aeration and trapping on Super Q adsorbent. The current study is the first evidence for biological activity of (Z,Z)-6,9-heptacosadiene, a major hydrocarbon component on adult female American cockroaches, on their oothecae, and in their frass. C1 USDA ARS,MED & VET ENTOMOL RES LAB,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT ENTOMOL & NEMATOL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. NR 38 TC 11 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 4 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 22 IS 4 BP 637 EP 651 DI 10.1007/BF02033575 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UJ614 UT WOS:A1996UJ61400003 PM 24227574 ER PT J AU Aldrich, JR Oliver, JE Waite, GK Moore, C Waters, RM AF Aldrich, JR Oliver, JE Waite, GK Moore, C Waters, RM TI Identification of presumed pheromone blend from Australasian predaceous bug, Oechalia schellenbergii (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE predator; Hemiptera; Asopinae; stink bug; geraniol; diacetate ID POTATO BEETLE COLEOPTERA; STINKBUGS HEMIPTERA; CHRYSOMELIDAE AB Oechalia schellenbergii is one of the most common predatory insects in Australia and the islands of the South Pacific. Adult males of this predaceous ''true bug'' collected during March near Gatton, Queensland, Australia, had a pair of enlarged exocrine glands opening underneath their wings that presumably produce an attractant pheromone. The two major components of the secretion are 3-methylenehexyl acetate and 9-hydroxygeranyl diacetate [2,6-dimethyl-2(E),6(E)-octadien-1,8-diol diacetate]. C1 QUEENSLAND DEPT PRIMARY IND,MAROOCHY HORT RES STN,NAMBUR,QLD 4560,AUSTRALIA. QUEENSLAND DEPT PRIMARY IND,ANIM RES INST,YEERONGPILLY,QLD 4105,AUSTRALIA. USDA ARS,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,ARC W,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Aldrich, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT CHEM ECOL LAB,AGR RES CTR W,BLDG 007,,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 22 IS 4 BP 729 EP 738 DI 10.1007/BF02033582 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UJ614 UT WOS:A1996UJ61400010 PM 24227581 ER PT J AU Prokopy, RJ Vargas, RI AF Prokopy, RJ Vargas, RI TI Attraction of Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) flies to odor of coffee fruit SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE attractants; odor; host fruit; coffee fruit; Ceratitis capitata ID FLY DIPTERA; HOST FRUIT; ELECTROANTENNOGRAM RESPONSES; RHAGOLETIS-POMONELLA; MELON FLY; OVIPOSITION; VOLATILES; PHEROMONE; BEHAVIOR; LOCATION AB On potted nonfruiting host trees in outdoor field cages, we evaluated attraction of released mature laboratory-cultured or wild-origin Mediterranean fruit flies (medflies) to odor of freshly picked fruit of host and nonhost plants. Odor of ripe intact or crushed coffee fruit (the presumed ancestral host of medflies) was significantly more attractive than odor of ripe intact or crushed fruit of five lower-ranking hosts and three nonhosts. Odor of crushed coffee fruit was significantly more attractive than odor of intact coffee fruit. Odor of ripe or near-ripe coffee fruit was significantly more attractive than odor of unripe coffee fruit. Immature females (without eggs) were significantly more attracted to odor of a proteinaceous food lure than to odor of ripe coffee fruit, whereas the reverse was true for mature females carrying a high egg load. In some trials, males proved as discriminating as females in favor of coffee fruit odor, but in several other trials males were less discriminating than females. Response patterns of mature laboratory-cultured females were similar to those of mature wild-origin females. In a field of coffee plants, attraction of natural-population females was significantly greater to odor of ripe coffee fruit than to water but was not greater than attraction to odor of proteinaceous food. Findings are discussed in relation to potential use of synthetic volatiles of coffee or other host fruit in traps for monitoring or controlling medflies. C1 USDA,TROP FRUIT & VEGETABLE RES LAB,HONOLULU,HI 96804. RP Prokopy, RJ (reprint author), UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,DEPT ENTOMOL,AMHERST,MA 01003, USA. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 9 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0098-0331 J9 J CHEM ECOL JI J. Chem. Ecol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 22 IS 4 BP 807 EP 820 DI 10.1007/BF02033588 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA UJ614 UT WOS:A1996UJ61400016 PM 24227587 ER PT J AU Urbanik, TJ AF Urbanik, TJ TI Machine direction strength theory of corrugated fiberboard SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES TECHNOLOGY & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE plate structure; elastic stability; buckling; fiberboard; paper ID PLATES AB Linerboard elements between the corrugations of corrugated fiberboard can be viewed as short wide columns when the fiberboard is loaded perpendicular to the axes of the corrugations. Column ends are elastically restrained by the corrugated medium. A theory of buckling of nonlinear corrugated fiberboard material, with compression perpendicular to the corrugation axes, was developed. This theory is consistent with a previous theory applied to fiberboard with compression parallel to the corrugations. The theory matched strength data of corrugated fiberboard using paper compression strength, extensional stiffness, and bending stiffness data as inputs. The theory was further improved by empirically correcting for interactions between material crush failure and structure buckling failure. The correction equation predicts an optimum form of the linerboard stress-strain curve from initial slope and maximum stress data and predicts an element slenderness that varies with the mode of failure. RP Urbanik, TJ (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0884-6804 J9 J COMPOS TECH RES JI J. Compos. Technol. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2 BP 80 EP 88 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Composites; Polymer Science SC Materials Science; Polymer Science GA VB878 UT WOS:A1996VB87800002 ER PT J AU Peltekova, VD Broderick, GA AF Peltekova, VD Broderick, GA TI In vitro ruminal degradation and synthesis of protein on fractions extracted from alfalfa hay and silage SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE alfalfa silage; alfalfa hay; microbial protein; protein degradation and yield ID LACTATING DAIRY-COWS; 18S LEAF PROTEIN; RUMEN MICROORGANISMS; MILK-PRODUCTION; SOLE FORAGE; AMINO-ACIDS; PROTEOLYSIS; INVITRO; DIGESTION; BACTERIA AB Net release of degraded N as NH3 and total AA plus microbial protein synthesis, quantified from incorporation of (NH3)-N-15 into microbial protein, was used to estimate the rate and extent of in vitro degradation of protein fractions isolated from alfalfa hay and silage. Seven proteins (casein, alfalfa hay, alfalfa silage, extracts from alfalfa hay and silage, and residues from alfalfa hay and silage) were studied. Results from (NH4)(2)SO4 and SDS-PAGE fractionations suggested that soluble proteins in alfalfa hay and silage differed in susceptibility to proteolytic attack. Although the net release of NH3 plus total AA N from alfalfa silage and alfalfa silage extract was twofold greater than that from alfalfa hay and alfalfa hay extract, net microbial protein synthesis on alfalfa hay and alfalfa hay extract was 33 and 43% greater. Despite greater NPN content in alfalfa silage, protein degradation rate and estimated escape were similar for intact alfalfa hay (0.103/h and 43%) and silage (0.067/h and 43%). This result might be explained by the less efficient microbial utilization of silage NPN, greater protozoal numbers on hay, greater soluble true protein in hay, or differences in molecular mass and stability of soluble proteins in hay versus silage. Use of a two-compartment model, based on water-soluble and insoluble CP fractions assumed to pass with the liquid and solid phases, respectively, yielded RUP estimates for alfalfa hay and silage that were similar to NRC estimates. C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 79 IS 4 BP 612 EP 619 PG 8 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA UN365 UT WOS:A1996UN36500013 PM 8744226 ER PT J AU Norman, HD Powell, RL Wright, JR Pearson, RE AF Norman, HD Powell, RL Wright, JR Pearson, RE TI Phenotypic relationship of yield and type scores from first lactation with herd life and profitability SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE milk yield; type; herd life; lifetime profit ID LINEAR TYPE TRAITS; HOLSTEIN CATTLE; GENETIC-IMPROVEMENT; NET INCOME; MILK-YIELD; COWS; GRADE; CONFORMATION; ASSOCIATION; PERFORMANCE AB Milk records from Ayrshire, Brown Swiss, Guernsey, Jersey, and Milking Shorthorn cows that first calved between 18 and 35 mo were combined with scores for linear type traits collected before 43 mo during first lactation to study herd life and lifetime profitability. Profitability (discounted relative net income) was the value of milk, calves, and cow salvage minus fixed costs, operating costs, and cow depreciation costs. Cows were included if they appeared only in a single herd and if the herd remained on test for 72 mo after birth date of the cow. Phenotypic correlations were computed for milk and fat yields and for 14 type traits during first lactation with nine variables for lifetime performance from 3895 Ayrshire, 7997 Brown Swiss, 20,179 Guernsey, 71,731 Jersey, and 628 Milking Shorthorn cows. Multiple correlations for predicting discounted relative net income for the four breeds with the most data were 0.43 to 0.46 from milk and fat yields (linear and quadratic effects) during first lactation, 0.11 to 0.29 from final score, and 0.21 to 0.33 from all type traits. Type scores had considerably less predictive ability than yield during first lactation for predicting profitability and had limited predictability after yield was included. Final score increased multiple correlations only 0.00 to 0.02 above that for yield for the same four breeds. Final score plus 13 type traits (linear, quadratic, and interaction effects) increased multiple correlations only 0.02 to 0.04 above that for yield. Because of the limited value of some of the linear type traits, an effort should be initiated to eliminate them from programs of breed associations. C1 VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,DEPT DAIRY SCI,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. RP Norman, HD (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,ANIM IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 29 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 79 IS 4 BP 689 EP 701 PG 13 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA UN365 UT WOS:A1996UN36500022 PM 8744235 ER PT J AU Proshold, FI AF Proshold, FI TI Reproductive capacity of laboratory-reared gypsy moths (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae): Effect of age of female at time of mating SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lymantria dispar; eupyrene sperm; reproductive biology ID EGG-PRODUCTION; DISPAR L; FECUNDITY; NOCTUIDAE; LONGEVITY AB The reproductive potential of laboratory-reared gypsy moths, Lymantria dispar (L.), was studied as a function of female age at time of mating. The parameters studied were number of eggs produced, number of eggs deposited, mating, sperm transfer egg viability, and female longevity. Delayed mating did not affect female longevity, but all other factors decreased with increased age at time of mating. With increasing age, females were less likely to mate or receive a full complement of sperm than females exposed to males within the first few days after eclosion. Females that oviposited before being placed with males were less likely to mate than those that had not. For females receiving a full complement of sperm, the number of eggs produced, the number laid, and egg viability decreased with increasing age of the female at mating. Overall, a delay in mating of 3-5 d reduced the reproductive potential of females from 40 to 90% of that of females mated within the first 36 h. C1 USDA, APHIS, PPQ, METHODS DEV CTR, OTIS AFB, MA USA. USDA ARS, INSECT BIOCONTROL LAB, BARC W, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 89 IS 2 BP 337 EP 342 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF264 UT WOS:A1996UF26400011 ER PT J AU Jackson, CG Chan, HT Taniguchi, MH Churchill, DB Bilsland, DM AF Jackson, CG Chan, HT Taniguchi, MH Churchill, DB Bilsland, DM TI Pneumatic air separation for the sorting of parasitized and unparasitized fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) puparia SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bactrocera; Ceratitis; Diachasmimorpha; Psytallia; parasitoids; rearing AB A pneumatic air separator was successfully used to separate unparasitized puparia of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), B. cucurbitae (Coquillett), and Mediterranean fruit Ay, Ceratitis capitata (Weidemann), from puparia parasitized by Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead), Psyttalia fletcheri (Silvestri), and D. tryoni (Cameron), respectively. Separation was done 9-13 d after parasitization with little difference in efficiency or separation among species. Differences in bulk densities (weight to volume! of the unparasitized puparia of the different fly species were all < 10% so they could not be separated by this method. Mortality (percentage unemerged) of the flies and parasitoids was not significantly affected by separation procedure. This equipment is adaptable to an automated rearing and handling system for the reduction of labor costs. C1 USDA ARS,TROP FRUIT & VEGETABLE LAB,HILO,HI 96720. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 89 IS 2 BP 353 EP 358 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF264 UT WOS:A1996UF26400014 ER PT J AU Jackson, JJ AF Jackson, JJ TI Field performance of entomopathogenic nematodes for suppression of western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diabrotica virgifera virgifera; biological control; entomopathogenic nematodes ID NEOAPLECTANA-CARPOCAPSAE; ENTOMOGENOUS NEMATODE; LARVAE COLEOPTERA; STEINERNEMATIDAE; INFESTATIONS; PERSISTENCE; RHABDITIDA AB Entomopathogenic nematodes, Steinernema carpocapsae (Weiser) (Mexican and All strains) and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar (Lewiston strain), and terbufos were evaluated as control agents for the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte. Several application methods for the nematodes were tested: a subsurface knife (planting or after planting) or soil surface (single or multiple applications after planting). Terbufos was applied in a band to the soil surface at planting. Tests were conducted with artificially infested populations of the western corn rootworm. S. carpocapsae (Mexican strain) and H. bacteriophora (Lewiston strain) as a single soil surface, after planting treatment of 200,000 nematodes per plant significantly reduced root damage below that of the control and reduced adult emergence equivalent to terbufos. These treatments reduced root damage below the threshold for potential economic loss and adult emergence by 66-98%. Three soil surface, after planting applications with a total of 600,000 nematodes per plant did not decrease root damage or adult emergence as compared with that of a single application at 200,000 nematodes. The All strain of S. carpocapsae as a knifed or soil surface, after planting treatment was ineffective. Studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of additional nematode species and strains on natural rootworm populations under a set of soil and crop management condition that are representative for maize production. RP Jackson, JJ (reprint author), USDA ARS, NO GRAIN INSECTS INSECTS RES LAB, RR 3, BROOKINGS, SD 57006 USA. NR 28 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 10 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 89 IS 2 BP 366 EP 372 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF264 UT WOS:A1996UF26400016 ER PT J AU Thomas, GD Skoda, SR Berkebile, DR Campbell, JB AF Thomas, GD Skoda, SR Berkebile, DR Campbell, JB TI Scheduled sanitation to reduce stable fly (Diptera: Muscidae) populations in beef cattle feedlots SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys calcitrans; pest management; manure management; filth flies ID FLIES DIPTERA; HOUSE AB Sanitation has been long recommended as a means of reducing stable By, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), populations at cattle feedlots, but there is little published research to support this recommendation. In each of the 2 yr of this study, 4 feedlots received complete sanitation and 4 feedlots received no cleaning. The objective was to have the initial cleaning done before 1 June and then to reclean as needed every 2 wk thereafter. The feedlots that were cleaned had significantly fewer flies than the uncleaned feedlots, with 50.9% fewer stable flies during the 1st yr and 36.2% fewer flies in the 2nd yr. These reductions were realized even though initial cleaning was not done by 1 June in either year: bad weather delayed completion until 20 June the 1st yr and 29 June the 2nd yr. Sanitation at cattle feedlots significantly reduces stable fly populations and sanitation may have been more effective if initial cleaning was done by 1 June. RP Thomas, GD (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,USDA ARS,DEPT ENTOMOL,MIDWEST LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 89 IS 2 BP 411 EP 414 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF264 UT WOS:A1996UF26400022 PM 8934824 ER PT J AU Skoda, SR Thomas, GD Campbell, JB AF Skoda, SR Thomas, GD Campbell, JB TI Comparison of core sampling and pupal traps for monitoring immature stable flies and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae) in beef feedlot pens SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Stomoxys calcitrans; Musca domestica; sampling; fly pests ID FLY DIPTERA; EASTERN NEBRASKA; STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE; SITES AB Core samples and cylindrical pupal traps were used to monitor immature stages of the stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), and house fly, Musca domestica L., from 5 sample areas In beef feedlot pens: the feed apron-soil interface, the back fence, the side (pen dividing) fence, the mound, and the general lot. One feedlot was sampled during 1986, two feedlots were sampled in 1987, and three samples were taken at random from each sample area on each sample date. Core samples showed that both populations were highest from the feed apron sample area. Pupal traps tended to show the same result but differences between sample areas were not significant for immature stable flies. Both sampling methods generally indicated similar population trends of the 2 fly species over the season; correlation coefficients between the 2 sampling methods were generally significant but few correlations were strong and large divergences between population trends were present. Only approximate to 69% of the total number of pupal traps placed were recovered; the loss of traps could have contributed to differences between the 2 sampling methods. Core sampling would be preferred if lower variance of samples is important; if collecting pupae of known age is important, then pupal traps may be useful if they are protected from trampling by cattle. RP Skoda, SR (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA, DEPT ENTOMOL, USDA ARS, MIDWEST LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB, LINCOLN, NE 68583 USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 89 IS 2 BP 428 EP 434 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF264 UT WOS:A1996UF26400025 PM 8934827 ER PT J AU Lhaloui, S Hatchett, JH Wilde, GE AF Lhaloui, S Hatchett, JH Wilde, GE TI Evaluation of New Zealand barleys for resistance to Mayetiola destructor and M-hordei (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) and the effect of temperature on resistance expression to Hessian fly SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Mayetiola destructor; Mayetiola hordei; Hordeum vulgare; plant resistance; antibiosis; temperature effect ID WHEAT AB Six New Zealand barleys were evaluated for resistance to biotype L of the Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), the most virulent biotype that infests wheat ill the United States. Three of the barleys,'Gwylan', 'WPBS 316/80', and 'Fleet', were found to be resistant to biotype L and were tested to Hessian fly and the stem gall midge M. hordei Keiffer in Morocco. Because high temperature may affect the expression of resistance to Hessian fly, the temperature sensitivity of resistance to biotype L also was assessed at constant temperatures of 18, 24, and 30 degrees C. Resistance tests demonstrated that Gwylan, WPBS 316/80, and Fleet were highly resistant to biotype L and Moroccan Hessian fly, but were susceptible to stem gall midge larvae. Resistance was expressed mainly as antibiosis, with Ist instars dying after feeding on resistant plants. Small numbers of larvae survived on resistant plants and appeared to develop normally, indicating that a tolerance mechanism also may be involved. Neither plant resistance nor the level of antibiosis expressed in the three cultivars was affected by increasing temperature up to 30 degrees C. The results indicate that the New Zealand barleys carry resistance genes different than those preciously identified in barley and would be excellent sources for breeding Hessian fly-resistant cultivars in the United States and Morocco. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,DEPT ENTOMOL,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. NATL INST AGR RES,ARIDOCULTURE RES CTR,SETTAT 2600,MOROCCO. NR 21 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 9301 ANNAPOLIS RD, LANHAM, MD 20706 SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 89 IS 2 BP 562 EP 567 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UF264 UT WOS:A1996UF26400044 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, DR TI Discovery and spread of the Asian horntail, Eriotremex formosanus (Matsumura) (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Siricidae; Eriotremex formosanus; Asian horntail; adventive species; distribution; southeastern United States RP Smith, DR (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,USDA ARS,PSI,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,MRC-168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 166 EP 171 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL695 UT WOS:A1996UL69500003 ER PT J AU Aldrich, JR Avery, JW Lee, CJ Graf, JC Harrisons, DJ Bin, F AF Aldrich, JR Avery, JW Lee, CJ Graf, JC Harrisons, DJ Bin, F TI Semiochemistry of cabbage bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Eurydema and Murgantia) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE harlequin bug; allomone; pheromone; pyrazine; aposematic; scent gland; octadienedial; diacetate ID SEQUESTRATION; PRODUCTS; DIENES AB The semiochemistry of the common North American pest of crucifers, Murgantia histrionica (Hahn) (the harlequin bug), and two related European species, Eurydema ventrale L. and E. oleraceum L., was investigated. The metathoracic scent glands of these warningly-colored stink bugs (Pentatomidae) are smaller than the scent glands of most cryptically-colored pentatomids, and the secretions from the scent glands of Murgantia and Eurydema species include two heretofore unknown natural products: (2E,6E)-octadienedial and (2E,6E)-octadiene-1,8-diol diacetate. It also was discovered that when harlequin bug adults are squeezed, they expel a frothy fluid from the margins of the prothorax with a distinctive odor due to the presence of 2-sec-butyl-3-methoxypyrazine and 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine. The presence of alkylmethoxyprazines in the expelled fluid of harlequin bugs extends the known distribution of these compounds to include the Heteroptera, and strengthens the argument that this class of pyrazines constitute a universal warning order equivalent to the color red as a visual warning signal. RP Aldrich, JR (reprint author), USDA ARS,AGR RES CTR W,INSECT CHEM ECOL LAB,B-007,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 13 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 172 EP 182 PG 11 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL695 UT WOS:A1996UL69500004 ER PT J AU Leonhardt, BA Cunningham, RT Avery, JW DeMilo, AB Warthen, JD AF Leonhardt, BA Cunningham, RT Avery, JW DeMilo, AB Warthen, JD TI Comparison of ceralure and trimedlure attractants for the male mediterranean fruit fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mediterranean fruit fly; Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann); trimedlure; ceralure; attractant ID FORMULATIONS; PERFORMANCE; ISOMERS AB The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), is a major pest of fruits and vegetables in the world but, through an extensive trapping program, the continental United States has remained free of established populations. These traps are baited with 2 g of trimedlure which is highly attractive to the male flies. This study contrasts the effectiveness of trimedlure and a new attractant, ceralure, which is an iodo-analog of trimedlure. Field tests in Hawaii using released sterile flies showed that the most attractive B1 isomer of ceralure caught 2 to 3 times as many male flies per mg as did the most attractive C isomer of trimedlure. C1 TROP FRUIT & VEGETABLE RES LAB,HILO,HI 96720. RP Leonhardt, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT CHEM ECOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 2 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 183 EP 190 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL695 UT WOS:A1996UL69500005 ER PT J AU Rogers, CE Marti, OG Chandler, LD Simmons, AM AF Rogers, CE Marti, OG Chandler, LD Simmons, AM TI Bionomics of the fall armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its ectoparasitic Nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense, in south Georgia SO JOURNAL OF ENTOMOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Spodoptera frugiperda; Lepidoptera; Noctuidae; Noctuidonema guyanense; Nematode; Acugutturidae ID TROPICAL AMERICA; APHELENCHOIDIDAE; MOTHS; ADULTS AB The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), is a perennial immigrant pest of several crops in south Georgia. Moths of S. frugiperda commonly are infested by an ectoparasitic nematode, Noctuidonema guyanense Remillet and Silvain in the Southeast. The seasonal chronology and natural association of these species are reported for Tilt Co. from 1988 to 1994. Seasonal influxes of non-infested moths usually arrive in late April and dissipate in early November. Seasonal influxes of infested male moths follow the initial immigrants by 4 to 6 wks and disappear in the fall from 1 to 2 mos earlier than the general moth populations. Feral male moths that are moderately worn and infested by N. guyanense weigh less than moderately worn, non-infested males. Noctuidonema guyanense infests moths of several species of noctuids, but it has not been found on the cotton bollworm/corn earworm [Helicoverpa tea (Boddie)], tobacco budworm [Heliothis virescens (Fab.)], or beet armyworm [S. exigua (Hubner)]. RP Rogers, CE (reprint author), USDA ARS,INSECT BIOL & POPULAT MANAGEMENT RES LAB,POB 748,TIFTON,GA 31793, USA. NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU GEORGIA ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC INC PI TIFTON PA PO BOX 748 DEPT ENTOMOLOGY COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STATION, TIFTON, GA 31793-0748 SN 0749-8004 J9 J ENTOMOL SCI JI J. Entomol. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 209 EP 217 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UL695 UT WOS:A1996UL69500008 ER PT J AU Gamble, HR Gajadhar, AA Solomon, MB AF Gamble, HR Gajadhar, AA Solomon, MB TI Methods for the detection of trichinellosis in horses SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article DE Trichinella spiralis; horses; artificial digestion; serology; EIA ID EXCRETORY-SECRETORY ANTIGEN; LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SWINE TRICHINOSIS AB Twelve horses were infected with various doses of Trichinella spiralis and then tested for infection using direct (artificial digestion) and indirect (enzyme immunoassay) methods. Horses became infected in a dose-dependent manner. Larvae accumulated preferentially in the tongue, followed by the masseter, neck, supraspinatus, trapezius, and diaphragm. At lower infection levels, the tongue harbored several times more parasites than were found in other tissues. The sensitivity of artificial digestion methods for detecting infections was directly related to sample size. One-gram samples were not reliable for detecting infection levels of <3 larvae per g (LPG). In sample sizes of 5 or 10 g the technique allowed infections as low as 1 LPG to be detected. The enzyme immunoassay (EIA) detected all infected horses; the times following infection at which horses became seropositive varied in a dose-dependent manner, but 11 of 12 horses were positive in the EIA. by 4 weeks postinoculation. One horse, with a larval density in the tongue of 0.39 LPG, did not become seropositive until 7 weeks postinoculation. The results suggest that artificial digestion of horse carcasses for trichinae should concentrate on tissue samples from the tongue or masseter muscles. Sample sizes should be a minimum of 5 g using pooled-sample digestion methods to assure detection of all infections which might pose a human health risk. The EIA is a potential substitute for artificial digestion methods and could also be useful for antemortem testing and for epidemiological studies. C1 ARS,USDA,MEAT SCI RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,HLTH ANIM LAB,SASKATOON,SK,CANADA. RP Gamble, HR (reprint author), ARS,USDA,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 21 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC MILK FOOD ENVIRONMENTAL SANITARIANS, INC PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2838 SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD APR PY 1996 VL 59 IS 4 BP 420 EP 425 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA UG822 UT WOS:A1996UG82200018 ER PT J AU Walter, WM Fleming, HP Thompson, RL Fine, TI AF Walter, WM Fleming, HP Thompson, RL Fine, TI TI Effect of sodium chloride concentration on calcium uptake into brined cucumbers SO JOURNAL OF FOOD QUALITY LA English DT Article ID MESOCARP TISSUE; INHIBITION; PICKLES; CATIONS AB Calcium from a CaCl2 brine approximately iso-osmotic with cucumber cell sap penetrated cucumber fruit much more slowly than did calcium ions from a NaCl + CaCl2 brine supra-osmotic with cucumber cell sap. After 96 h calcium that penetrated from the iso-osmotic brine was localized mostly in the exocarp and relatively little in the interior tissues, while calcium that penetrated from the supra-osmotic brine reached higher concentrations and was more evenly distributed among the exocarp, mesocarp, and endocarp sections. RP Walter, WM (reprint author), N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,RALEIGH,NC 27695, USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0146-9428 J9 J FOOD QUALITY JI J. Food Qual. PD APR PY 1996 VL 19 IS 2 BP 161 EP 172 DI 10.1111/j.1745-4557.1996.tb00412.x PG 12 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA UJ147 UT WOS:A1996UJ14700006 ER PT J AU TomicCarruthers, N Robacker, DC Mangan, RL AF TomicCarruthers, N Robacker, DC Mangan, RL TI Identification and age-dependence of pteridines in the head of adult Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens SO JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pteridines; sepiapterin; deoxysepiapterin; age; Anastrepha ludens ID DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; STOMOXYS-CALCITRANS; DIPTERA; MUSCIDAE; FLUORESCENCE; GLOSSINA; PTERIN; FLIES AB Pteridines from head capsules of adult Anastrepha ludens were identified and evaluated as a tool for age determination of flies. Pteridines were identified by a combination of TLC, HPLC and UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. Tentative identifications were obtained for one red pterine, neodrosopterin, and three orange pterines, drosopterin, isodrosopterin and aurodrosopterin. Five pterines with blue or blue-green fluorescence were found and four were identified: 7,8-dihydrobiopterin; biopterin; pterin; and pterin-6-carboxylic acid. An additional blue fluorescing non-pteridine compound was identified as kyurenine. Two pterines with yellow fluorescence were identified as sepiapterin and deoxysepiapterin. Titers of sepiapterin and deoxysepiapterin were age dependent based on TLC and HPLC analyses. HPLC demonstrated that only deoxysepiapterin accumulated sufficiently and over a sufficiently long period of adult life to be useful as a quantitative tool for determining age of adult flies. The HPLC method developed in this work specifically for separation of deoxysepiapterin from sepiapterin and other pteridines used reverse-phase (C18) with a mobile phase of 30% methanol in water and detection at 420 nm. C1 USDA ARS,SUBTROP AGR RES LAB,CROP QUAL & FRUIT INSECTS RES UNIT,WESLACO,TX 78596. RP TomicCarruthers, N (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR AGR RES & EXTENS,2415 E HWY 83,WESLACO,TX 78596, USA. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-1910 J9 J INSECT PHYSIOL JI J. Insect Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 42 IS 4 BP 359 EP 366 DI 10.1016/0022-1910(95)00116-6 PG 8 WC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology SC Entomology; Physiology; Zoology GA UC283 UT WOS:A1996UC28300008 ER PT J AU ShacharHill, Y Pfeffer, PE Ratcliffe, RG AF ShacharHill, Y Pfeffer, PE Ratcliffe, RG TI Measuring nitrate in plant cells by in vivo NMR using Gd3+ as a shift reagent SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B LA English DT Article ID MAIZE ROOTS; BARLEY; GADOLINIUM; AMMONIUM AB NMR investigations of nitrate in plant cells and tissues have hitherto been limited by the indistinguishability of the signals from intracellular and extracellular nitrate. Gd3+ is shown to be an effective shift reagent for N-14 and N-15 nitrate NMR signals, resolving the internal and external nitrate signals in plant tissues, including cell suspensions and root material. However, time-course experiments show that, while the use of Gd3+ allows nitrate levels to be monitored over extended periods, it also has adverse effects on growth and nitrate uptake. Accordingly, a number of chelated forms of gadolinium were investigated, and it is concluded that the NMR contrast agent Gd(DTPA-BMA) is likely to be a suitable shift reagent for physiologically relevant studies of nitrate transport in roots. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PLANT SCI,OXFORD OX1 3RB,ENGLAND. RI Shachar-Hill, Yair/B-6165-2013; OI Shachar-Hill, Yair/0000-0001-8793-5084; Ratcliffe, George/0000-0001-8394-1575 NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1866 J9 J MAGN RESON SER B JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B PD APR PY 1996 VL 111 IS 1 BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1006/jmrb.1996.0054 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA UF250 UT WOS:A1996UF25000002 ER PT J AU Ralph, J AF Ralph, J TI An unusual lignin from kenaf SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article AB A novel (possibly unique) lignin isolated from kenaf bast fibers had a high syringyl:guaiacyl ratio, was highly etherified, and was high in beta-ether units with predominantly erythro stereochemistry. Moreover, it was extensively side-chain acetylated (primarily at gamma), implicating 4-hydroxycinnamyl acetates as monomers in its biosynthesis. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FORESTRY,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Ralph, J (reprint author), USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI, USA. NR 14 TC 90 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOGNOSY PI CINCINNATI PA LLOYD LIBRARY & MUSEUM 917 PLUM ST, CINCINNATI, OH 45202 SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD APR PY 1996 VL 59 IS 4 BP 341 EP 342 DI 10.1021/np960143s PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UR601 UT WOS:A1996UR60100001 ER PT J AU Vesonder, RF AF Vesonder, RF TI (all trans)-2,4,6,8,10,12-tetradecahexene-1,14-dial, a new pigment from Conidiobolus paulus SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACIDS; N-3 AB A study of the coloring matter produced by Conidiobolus paulus Drechsler NRRL 2648 on potatodextrose medium led to the isolation of a new dialdehyde unsaturated metabolite, (all trans)-2,4,6,8,10,12-tetradeca-1,14-hexenedial. The structure was characterized by MS and by H-1- and C-13-NMR. The compound inhibited the growth of the Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus cereus, and the Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli (MIC values of 10 mu g and 50 mu g, respectively). RP Vesonder, RF (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,MYCOTOXIN RES UNIT,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOGNOSY PI CINCINNATI PA LLOYD LIBRARY & MUSEUM 917 PLUM ST, CINCINNATI, OH 45202 SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD APR PY 1996 VL 59 IS 4 BP 441 EP 442 DI 10.1021/np9602271 PG 2 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UR601 UT WOS:A1996UR60100025 PM 8699189 ER PT J AU Eller, FJ Bartelt, RJ AF Eller, FJ Bartelt, RJ TI Grandisoic acid, a male-produced aggregation pheromone from the plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar SO JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS LA English DT Article ID BOLL-WEEVIL PHEROMONE; ANTHONOMUS-GRANDIS; FIELD ACTIVITY; COLEOPTERA; CHIRALITY AB (+)-(1R,2s)-1-Methyl-2-(1-methylethenyl) acid (1A) was isolated from male plum curculios, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), feeding on plums and apples. Its structure was determined using achiral and chiral GLC, EIMS, optical rotation, and H-1 and C-13 NMR and was confirmed by synthesis. The racemic acid (a synthetic mixture of 1A and its enantiomer) attracted both female and male plum curculios when used to bait traps placed in several species of fruit trees. It is suggested that 1A is the major component of an aggregation pheromone of the plum curculio, and the trivial name, grandisoic acid, is proposed. Potential uses for grandisoic acid as well as possible ways to increase its effectiveness are discussed. RP Eller, FJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,MWA,BIOACT CONSTITUENTS RES UNIT,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 33 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOGNOSY PI CINCINNATI PA LLOYD LIBRARY & MUSEUM 917 PLUM ST, CINCINNATI, OH 45202 SN 0163-3864 J9 J NAT PROD JI J. Nat. Prod. PD APR PY 1996 VL 59 IS 4 BP 451 EP 453 DI 10.1021/np960102w PG 3 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Plant Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UR601 UT WOS:A1996UR60100029 ER PT J AU Russell, RM AF Russell, RM TI Remembering Hamish Munro (1915-1994) SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Item About an Individual RP Russell, RM (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 BP 791 EP 793 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UC591 UT WOS:A1996UC59100001 PM 8613879 ER PT J AU Freetly, HC Klindt, J AF Freetly, HC Klindt, J TI Changes in cut and liver glucose, lactate, insulin, and oxygen flux in mature ewes during mesenteric or abdominal vena cava glucose infusion SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE ruminants; sheep; gluconeogenesis; metabolism ID DAIRY-COWS; METABOLISM; NUTRITION; LEVEL; SHEEP AB The objective of the study was to determine whether exogenous glucose infusion affects endogenous glucose production in ewes. Mature ewes with catheters placed in the abdominal aorta, two mesenteric veins, the hepatic portal vein and the hepatic vein were used to determine the effect of exogenous glucose infusion on net glucose, insulin, lactate and oxygen flux by the portal-drained viscera (PDV) and liver of conscious sheep. Net hepatic glucose release was determined, and glucose was subsequently infused into either a mesenteric vein or an abdominal vena cava at an equal rate (mmol/L) for 240 min, and net fluxes were determined every 30 min. Arterial concentrations of glucose and insulin increased over time, whereas lactate concentration decreased over time (P < 0.05). Hepatic glucose release decreased linearly over time when glucose was infused into the mesenteric vein (P = 0.03) and tended to decrease Linearly when glucose was infused into the abdominal vena cava (P = 0.06). Net PDV and splanchnic plasma insulin release during the vena cava infusion increased linearly over time (P < 0.02). Net PDV blood lactate release did not differ between infusion sites (P = 0.75), nor did the release rate change over time (P 0.10). Net splanchnic lactate release in the abdominal vena cava infusion, however, did decrease over time (P = 0.05). Net hepatic oxygen consumption decreased quadratically over time (P = 0.004) when glucose was infused into the mesenteric vein. In conclusion, infusion of glucose results in a decrease in hepatic glucose production. RP Freetly, HC (reprint author), USDA ARS,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,POB 166,CLAY CTR,NE 68933, USA. NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 BP 924 EP 932 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UC591 UT WOS:A1996UC59100018 PM 8613896 ER PT J AU Thompson, KH Turnlund, JR AF Thompson, KH Turnlund, JR TI Kinetic model of molybdenum metabolism developed from dual stable isotope excretion in men consuming a low molybdenum diet SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE molybdenum; compartmental analysis; SAAM/CONSAM; humans; kinetics ID COMPARTMENTAL MODEL; HUMANS; RATS; ABSORPTION; NUTRITION AB The aim of this study was to develop a compartmental model of molybdenum metabolism based on stable isotope excretion patterns. Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential trace element in humans, with an estimated safe and adequate daily dietary intake (ESADDI) of 75-250 mu g Mo/d. Four adult men were fed low molybdenum diets, 22 mu g Mo/d, for a period of 102 d. Mo-97 and Mo-100 stable isotopes, in intravenous and oral doses, respectively, were administered at selected intervals. The resulting 6-d cumulative urinary and fecal isotope excretion data were used to model molybdenum metabolism using SAAM/CONSAM software. A kinetic model, including gastrointestinal (GI), plasma, slow-turnover tissue and fast-turnover tissue compartments, accurately simulated the observed pattern of urinary and fecal excretion for both stable isotopes in all four subjects. Residence time for molybdenum in the GI tract was estimated at 1.7 +/- 0.4 d. Predicted residence time for plasma molybdenum was 22 +/- 4 min, whereas slow-turnover tissue (possibly hepatic) retention averaged 58 +/- 16 d. The model thus permitted estimation of kinetic parameters for molybdenum metabolism in tissues not readily accessible or measurable in humans. C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 BP 963 EP 972 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UC591 UT WOS:A1996UC59100022 PM 8613900 ER PT J AU Friedman, M Henika, PR Mackey, BE AF Friedman, M Henika, PR Mackey, BE TI Feeding of potato, tomato and eggplant alkaloids affects food consumption and body and liver weights in mice SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE glycoalkaloids; food consumption; food safety; hepatomegaly; mice ID TERATOGENESIS ASSAY-XENOPUS; ALPHA-CHACONINE; SOLANACEAE GLYCOALKALOIDS; SOLANUM-TUBEROSUM; SOLANIDINE; RATS; TOXICITY; HYDROLYSIS; KINETICS; PRODUCTS AB Reduced liver weight was used to evaluate the potential toxicity in mice of four naturally occurring steroidal glycoalkaloids: alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, alpha-tomatine and solasonine. Increased liver weight was used to evaluate the three corresponding steroidal aglycones: solanidine, tomatidine, and solasodine and the non-alkaloid adrenal steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Adult female Swiss-Webster mice were fed diets containing test compound concentrations of 0 (control), 1.2, 2.4 or 4.8 mmol/kg diet for 7, 14 or 28 d. Absolute liver weights (LW) and relative liver weights (liver weight/body weight x 100, %LW/BW) were determined at autopsy. The %LW/BW was lower than that of the controls in mice fed the potato glycoalkaloid alpha-chaconine (-10%, P less than or equal to 0.05) for 7 d with the 2.4 mmol/kg kg diet dose. Under these same conditions, %LW/BW was greater than that of controls in mice fed two aglycones: solanidine (27%, P less than or equal to 0.001) and solasodine (8%, P less than or equal to 0.01). Relative liver weight increases induced by the aglycones were determined under time and dose conditions in which differences in body weight and food consumption were not significant (2.4 mmol/kg diet for 28 d). Under these conditions, the observed %LW/BW increases relative to the controls were as follows: solanidine (32%, Pc 0.001), solasodine (22%, P less than or equal to 0.001) and DHEA (16%, P less than or equal to 0.001). Solanidine, solasodine and DHEA were equally potent and were more potent than tomatidine. We also observed that the greater %LW/BW in mice fed 2.4 mmol/kg diet solasodine or solanidine for 14 d declined to near control values if they were fed control diets for another 14 d. The increase in relative liver weight induced by solanidine and solasodine is a reversible adaptive response. These findings and the apparent effects of structure on biological activity should serve as a guide for the removal of the most toxic compounds from plant foods. The implications of the results for food safety and health are discussed. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), USDA ARS, WESTERN REG RES CTR, FOOD SAFETY & HLTH RES UNIT, 800 BUCHANAN ST, ALBANY, CA 94710 USA. OI Friedman, Mendel/0000-0003-2582-7517 NR 49 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 BP 989 EP 999 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UC591 UT WOS:A1996UC59100025 PM 8613903 ER PT J AU Broderick, GA AF Broderick, GA TI Introduction SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material RP Broderick, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1324 EP S1325 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700059 ER PT J AU DawsonHughes, B AF DawsonHughes, B TI Calcium and vitamin D nutritional needs of elderly women SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 American-Institute-of-Nutrition Annual Meeting CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Nutr DE calcium; vitamin D; bone density; osteoporosis; postmenopausal women ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; BONE LOSS; INTESTINAL RESPONSIVENESS; CONTROLLED TRIAL; AGE; SUPPLEMENTATION; ABSORPTION AB Because osteoporosis is irreversible, the most effective approach to reduce morbidity and mortality from this disease is to maximize peak bone mass and minimize bone loss. This presentation reviews the evidence that calcium and vitamin D influence rates of bone loss in postmenopausal women. In the first five or more years after menopause, women lose bone very rapidly. During this period, high dose calcium supplementation modestly reduces cortical loss from long bones but has minimal effect on more trabecular sites such as the spine. In addition, vitamin D appears to enhance the effectiveness of supplemental calcium. Late postmenopausal women are generally more responsive to added calcium, and those with the lowest dietary calcium intakes benefit the most. In calcium-replete women, supplementation with vitamin D reduces bone loss and fracture incidence. Available evidence indicates that postmenopausal women should consume 1000-1500 mg of calcium and 400 to 800 IU of vitamin D per day to minimize bone-loss. RP DawsonHughes, B (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 16 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1165 EP S1167 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700031 ER PT J AU Richards, MP AF Richards, MP TI Molecular aspects of vitamin and mineral nutrition during avian development SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 American-Institute-of-Nutrition Annual Meeting CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Nutr RP Richards, MP (reprint author), USDA ARS, GROWTH BIOL LAB, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, RM L-2407A, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1301 EP S1302 PG 2 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700055 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, IH AF Rosenberg, IH TI Homocysteine, vitamins and arterial occlusive disease: An overview SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 American-Institute-of-Nutrition Annual Meeting CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Nutr ID FOLIC-ACID; PLASMA HOMOCYSTEINE; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; HOMOCYSTINURIA; HETEROZYGOSITY; METABOLISM; PYRIDOXINE; COBALAMIN RP Rosenberg, IH (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1235 EP S1237 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700042 ER PT J AU Selhub, J Jacques, PF Bostom, AG DAgostino, RB Wilson, PWF Belanger, AJ OLeary, DH Wolf, PA Rush, D Schaefer, EJ Rosenberg, IH AF Selhub, J Jacques, PF Bostom, AG DAgostino, RB Wilson, PWF Belanger, AJ OLeary, DH Wolf, PA Rush, D Schaefer, EJ Rosenberg, IH TI Relationship between plasma homocysteine, vitamin status and extracranial carotid-artery stenosis in the Framingham study population SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 American-Institute-of-Nutrition Annual Meeting CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Nutr DE homocysteine; folic acid; pyridoxal phosphate; vitamin B-6; vitamin B-12; arteriosclerosis ID VASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK FACTOR; FOLIC-ACID; HOMOCYST(E)INE; HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; QUESTIONNAIRE; METABOLISM; THERAPY; FOLATE AB Recent studies demonstrated associations between occlusive vascular disease and hyperhomocysteinemia of both genetic and nutritional origin. In the present study we analyzed plasma samples from the 20th biannual examination of the Framingham Heart Study cohort to determine distribution of plasma homocysteine concentrations with emphasis on relationships to B vitamins and prevalence of carotid artery stenosis. Results showed that homocysteine exhibited strong inverse association with plasma folate and weaker associations with plasma vitamin B-12 and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP). Homocysteine was also inversely associated with intakes of folate and vitamin B-6, but not vitamin B-12. prevalence of high homocysteine (>14 mu mol/l) was 29.3% in this cohort, and inadequate plasma concentrations of one or more B vitamins appear to contribute to 67% of the cases of high homocysteine, Prevalence of stenosis greater than or equal to 25% was 43% in men and 34% in women with an odds ratio of 2.0 for individuals in the highest homocysteine quartile (greater than or equal to 14.4 mu mol/l) compared with those in the lowest quartile (less than or equal to 9.1 mu mol/l), after adjustment for sex, age, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and cigarette smoking (P-trend < 0.001). plasma concentrations of folate and pyridoxal-5'-phosphate and folate intake were inversely associated with extracranial carotid stenosis after adjustment for age, sex and other risk factors. C1 NHLBI,FRAMINGHAM HEART DIS EPIDEMIOL STUDY,FRAMINGHAM,MA 01701. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT MATH,STAT & CONSULTING UNIT,BOSTON,MA 02111. GEISINGER MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,DANVILLE,PA 17821. BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV BOSTON HOSP,EVANS MEM DEPT CLIN RES,PREVENT MED & EPIDEMIOL SECT,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV BOSTON HOSP,DEPT MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP Selhub, J (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,711 WASHINGTON ST,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 32 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1258 EP S1265 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700047 ER PT J AU Young, AL Asner, MR AF Young, AL Asner, MR TI A government agency's responsibility to the consumer SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 American-Institute-of-Nutrition Annual Meeting CY APR 09-13, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Inst Nutr DE government; biotechnology; agriculture; consumer AB The U.S. Department of Agriculture's Office of Agricultural Biotechnology developed a proactive stance for informing consumers about biotechnology in 1987. Using a variety of information vehicles, the Office of Agricultural Biotechnology has developed a dialogue with various groups having different and sometimes very strident opinions about the use of genetic engineering in plants and animals. At the same time, the government agency has fulfilled its mandate to neither promote nor discourage the use of biotechnology methods in research, but rather to present the data and thus allow consumers to make an informed decision. RP Young, AL (reprint author), USDA,OFF AGR BIOTECHNOL,ROOM 3868,S BLDG,14TH & INDEPENDENCE AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1010 EP S1012 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700002 ER PT J AU Gamble, HR Fetterer, RH Mansfield, LS AF Gamble, HR Fetterer, RH Mansfield, LS TI Developmentally regulated zinc metalloproteinases from third- and fourth-stage larvae of the ovine nematode Haemonchus contortus SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEASE; ECDYSIS AB Parasitic third-stage larvae of the sheep abomasal nematode Haemonchus contortus develop and molt in vitro to the fourth stage (L4) in 48-72 hr, at which time they begin feeding. Coincident with the third molt, larvae begin to secrete significant amounts of protein into culture fluids, including a zinc metalloproteinase. This culture-derived zinc metalloproteinase differs from a previously described metalloproteinase from infective third-stage larvae (L3[2M]), which mediates the ecdysis process. These differences include time of expression, molecular mass, and substrate specificity. The purified proteinase, from cultures of L4, has a molecular weight of approximately 46 kDa, functions as an endopeptidase, and digests several native proteins of host origin including fibrinogen and fibronectin. RP Gamble, HR (reprint author), ARS,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. OI Mansfield, Linda S./0000-0002-7523-7577 NR 14 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 2 BP 197 EP 202 DI 10.2307/3284145 PG 6 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA UE270 UT WOS:A1996UE27000001 PM 8604083 ER PT J AU Harp, JA Sacco, RE AF Harp, JA Sacco, RE TI Development of cellular immune functions in neonatal to weanling mice: Relationship to Cryptosporidium parvum infection SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMBINED IMMUNODEFICIENT MICE; GAMMA-INTERFERON; LYMPHOCYTES-T; CELLS; MOUSE; TRANSMISSION; RESISTANCE AB Lymphocyte phenotypes and cellular immune responses (blastogenesis and production of cytokines) to Cryptosporidium parvum were determined for spleen cells taken from BALB/c mice. These parameters were measured in mice at 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk of age, either exposed or not exposed to C. parvum in vivo. The percentage of T cells and the T-helper subset increased from weeks 2 to 4; B cells reached a peak percentage at 2 wk. Blastogenic responses were elevated at 1 wk and declined to a low level during weeks 2 to 4. Interferon-gamma production was maximal at 4 wk. No interleukin-5 production was seen. Data obtained were similar for cells from mice either exposed or not exposed to C. parvum in vivo. These data indicate that age-related changes, particularly the increased percentage of T cells and increased interferon-gamma production, are temporally related to the acquisition of resistance to colonization of mice with C. parvum. The data also indicate that these age-related changes occur in the absence of specific exposure to parasite antigens. RP Harp, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,METAB DIS & IMMUNOL RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 30 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 2 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.2307/3284155 PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA UE270 UT WOS:A1996UE27000009 PM 8604091 ER PT J AU Dubey, JP Rigoulet, J Lagourette, P George, C Longeart, L LeNet, JL AF Dubey, JP Rigoulet, J Lagourette, P George, C Longeart, L LeNet, JL TI Fatal transplacental neosporosis in a deer (Cervus eldi siamensis) SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANINUM APICOMPLEXA; TISSUE-SECTIONS; INFECTION; ABORTION AB Neospora caninum tissue cysts were found in sections of the brain from a full-term stillborn deer of Eld (Cervus eldi siamensis) from a zoo in France. There was N. caninum-associated nonsuppurative encephalitis and the diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemical staining with antibodies specific to N. caninum. C1 MUSEUM NATL HIST NAT,LAB CONSERVAT ESPECES ANIM,F-75012 PARIS,FRANCE. LAPV,F-37403 AMBOISE,FRANCE. RP Dubey, JP (reprint author), ARS,USDA,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 10 TC 33 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 2 BP 338 EP 339 DI 10.2307/3284175 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA UE270 UT WOS:A1996UE27000029 PM 8604111 ER PT J AU Foster, JM Marshall, I Svoboda, JA Thompson, MJ Rees, HH AF Foster, JM Marshall, I Svoboda, JA Thompson, MJ Rees, HH TI Effect of insect-growth-disrupting amines and amides on Schistosoma mansoni in vitro SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ECDYSTEROIDS; INHIBITORS; NEMATODES; ECDYSONE AB A series of nonsteroidal alkylamines and alkylamides, which apparently inhibit phytosterol dealkylation in insects and free-living nematodes, as well as steps in the ecdysteroid biosynthetic pathway of insects, are also known to affect growth and development of animal-parasitic nematodes. The effect of these compounds on the motility, pairing, and viability of the trematode, Schistosoma mansoni, maintained in vitro was examined by incorporating the potential inhibitors into the medium employed for parasite culture. The alkylamines were more active than their amide counterparts, killing all parasites within 18 hr when tested at 25 parts per million. At lower concentrations, reductions in schistosome pairing and motility were observed. The functional group of the amine compounds influenced the schistosomicidal activity, with N-ethylamines being more effective than N,N-dimethylamines of identical carbon chain-length. Of all the compounds tested, N-ethyldodecanamine appeared to be the most promising schistosomicidal agent, killing all parasites within 22 hr at 10 parts per million and preventing parasite pairing at 3 parts per million. C1 UNIV LIVERPOOL,LIVERPOOL SCH TROP MED,DIV PARASITE & VECTOR BIOL,LIVERPOOL L3 5QA,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. USDA,INSECT & NEMATODE HORMONE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Foster, JM (reprint author), UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT BIOCHEM,POB 147,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. FU Wellcome Trust NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 2 BP 340 EP 343 DI 10.2307/3284176 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA UE270 UT WOS:A1996UE27000030 PM 8604112 ER PT J AU Mackie, JT Dubey, JP AF Mackie, JT Dubey, JP TI Congenital sarcocystosis in a Saanen goat SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Sarcocystis schizonts were seen in histologic sections of the brain of a stillborn Saanen goat from Australia. The organism was located in endothelial cells of blood vessels, divided by endopolygeny, and reacted with anti-S. cruzi polyclonal rabbit serum in an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex immunohistochemical test. C1 ARS,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,INST LIVESTOCK & POULTRY SCI,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Mackie, JT (reprint author), VET PATHOL SERV,47 MANILLA ST,BRISBANE,QLD 4169,AUSTRALIA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 82 IS 2 BP 350 EP 351 DI 10.2307/3284179 PG 2 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA UE270 UT WOS:A1996UE27000033 PM 8604115 ER PT J AU Adamse, P Britz, SJ AF Adamse, P Britz, SJ TI Rapid fluence-dependent responses to ultraviolet-B radiation in cucumber leaves: The role of UV-absorbing pigments in damage protection SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Vegetation Stress CY JUN 19-21, 1995 CL GSF RES CTR NEUHERBERG, MUNICH, GERMANY SP Botony II, Karlsruhe, NASA Greenbelt, USA, GSF Res Ctr, Munich Neuherberg HO GSF RES CTR NEUHERBERG DE Cucumis sativus L; blue light; cucumber; flavonoids; ultraviolet; chlorosis; specific leaf weight ID LIGHT; SPECTRUM; PLANTS; CELLS; DNA AB The role of foliar UV-absorbing pigments (UVAP) as optical screening agents in the resistance of Cucumis sativus L. to UV-B radiation was investigated by exposing young leaves at a defined developmental stage from sensitive (cv Poinsett) and insensitive (cv Ashley) lines to brief UV-B treatments varying between 4 and 10 h. The amount of blue light (BL) or UV-A radiation during W-B exposure was also varied. Rapid increases in UVAP) immediately following UV-B were compared to damage in the same tissue (increased specific leaf weight or chlorosis) determined 72 h after the start of UV-B. Poinsett was more sensitive to both forms of UV-B damage than Ashley under conditions where the response to UV-B was not saturated. Although UVAP increased rapidly in response to UV-B, it is unlikely that optical screening by these compounds was responsible for genetic differences in sensitivity to UV-B for the following reasons: 1) the kinetics of UVAP increase were similar to that for induction of damage; 2) increases in UVAP in the UV-sensitive line (Poinsett) were similar to those in the resistant line (Ashley); and 3) BL and UV-A radiation significantly reduced damage by UV-B in cv Poinsett when given simultaneously but had relatively small stimulatory effects on rapid UVAP accumulation. These results do not rule out a general role for optical screening by UVAP nor do they exclude the possibility that qualitative differences in UVAP (e.g., as antioxidants) are the basis for cultivar differences. RP Adamse, P (reprint author), USDA ARS,CLIMATE STRESS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. OI Adamse, Paulien/0000-0002-7490-2424 NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 148 IS 1-2 BP 57 EP 62 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UL698 UT WOS:A1996UL69800009 ER PT J AU Fiscus, EL Booker, FL Miller, JE AF Fiscus, EL Booker, FL Miller, JE TI Response of soybean bulk leaf water relations to ultraviolet-B irradiation SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Vegetation Stress CY JUN 19-21, 1995 CL GSF RES CTR NEUHERBERG, MUNICH, GERMANY SP Botony II, Karlsruhe, NASA Greenbelt, USA, GSF Res Ctr, Munich Neuherberg HO GSF RES CTR NEUHERBERG DE Glycine max (L) Merr; conductance; elasticity; leaf ontology; pressure-volume analysis; soybean; ultraviolet-B; leaf water relations ID TOP FIELD CHAMBERS; PRESSURE CHAMBER; RADIATION; PLANTS; GROWTH; STRESS; TURGOR; OZONE; YIELD AB Erosion of the stratospheric ozone layer by anthropogenic emission of halogenated compounds may lead to increased UV-B radiation at ground level. In 1990 soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. Essex) were grown in open-top field chambers with 3 levels of UV-B replicated 3 times. UV-B treatments corresponded to changes in the total column ozone thickness of +15 % (low), -20 % (medium) and -35 % (high). Leaves were sampled during four intervals of the growing season and subjected to pressure-volume (P-V) analysis to determine symplastic volume (V-o), (maximum turgor pressure) (pMAX), symplastic solute content (N-s), tissue elasticity coefficient (z), and the potential at turgor loss (TLP). Leaf conductance, average specific leaf weight (SLW), and area per leaf were measured several times during the season. During the second sampling period at 58 days after planting (DAP), V-o was significantly decreased at the highest UV-B level but was not affected by UV-B treatments again. Also during the second sampling period the elasticity coefficient, z, in the medium and high UV-B treatments was significantly less than in the low UV-B treatment. In the fourth sampling period (100 DAP), z again was significantly affected by UV-B treatment; in this case, however, while z was lower in the high than the medium UV-B treatment, it did not differ from the low UV-B treatment. The relative symplastic volume at the turgor loss potential (RSV(TLP)) was the only other parameter to show a significant UV-B effect, but only at the highest treatment level and only near the end of the season. Generally, the significant changes in all P-V parameters with plant age were much larger than any treatment effects. There were no significant differences in leaf conductance, leaf area or SLW, indicating that, although the leaf P-V relationships were noticeably altered, these sporadic treatment effects had little real influence on leaf water balance. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP SCI,AIR QUAL RES PROGRAM,RALEIGH,NC 27695. RP Fiscus, EL (reprint author), USDA ARS,1509 VARS DR,RALEIGH,NC 27606, USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 148 IS 1-2 BP 63 EP 68 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UL698 UT WOS:A1996UL69800010 ER PT J AU Middleton, EM Chappelle, EW Cannon, TA Adamse, P Britz, SJ AF Middleton, EM Chappelle, EW Cannon, TA Adamse, P Britz, SJ TI Initial assessment of physiological response to UV-B irradiation using fluorescence measurements SO JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Vegetation Stress CY JUN 19-21, 1995 CL GSF RES CTR NEUHERBERG, MUNICH, GERMANY SP Botony II, Karlsruhe, NASA Greenbelt, USA, GSF Res Ctr, Munich Neuherberg HO GSF RES CTR NEUHERBERG DE Cucumis sativus; UV-B; fluorescence; cucumber; plant stress ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE; TRYPTOPHANYL RESIDUES; GREEN PLANTS; INDUCED BLUE; LEAVES; RADIATION; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CARBOXYLASE; CAROTENOIDS AB Fluorescence emissions obtained by excitation at 280 and 340 nm (280EX 300-520 nm; 340EX 360-800 nm) were used to discriminate physiological change induced by ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation in two cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) cultivars, Poinsett (UV-B sensitive) and Ashley (insensitive). Plants were grown in chambers with controlled spectral irradiation, including biologically effective UV-B irradiation (21 or 0.3 kJ m(-2) d(-1)) provided for 5 days with photosynthetically active radiation (similar to 38 mol m(-2) d(-1)). Differentiating UV-B induced effects and cultivar differences proved more successful with a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) leaf extract than with freshly excised, intact leaves. Poinsett exhibited significantly lower (P less than or equal to 0.01) fluorescence for most wavelengths or spectral ratios, whether excited at 280 or 340 nm. The single dominant UV-A fluorescence peak observed in all 280EX emission spectra (330-350 nm) was shifted in DMSO from 340 to 350 nm m UV-B irradiated plants (with a significantly higher F350/F475 ratio, P less than or equal to 0.001). This could indicate that UV-B irradiation altered the relative amounts of soluble protein invested in enzymes for photosynthesis (e.g., rubisco) versus UV-B protective compounds. In 340EX spectra, UV-B exposed plants also had higher blue/far-red ratios, possibly due to enhanced production of an antioxidant, blue fluorescing compound known to accumulate after UV-B induced degradation of rubisco. In DMSO, this ratio (F450/F730) was linearly related to the total carotenoid/Chl pigment ratio, with qualitatively different responses for the two cultivars. For 340EX spectra, UV-B effects were most successfully discriminated by the far-red peak, alone or included in a ratio with either red or blue fluorescence. UV-B irradiated plants exhibited a significantly lower (P less than or equal to 0.001) far-red peak in DMSO and lower far-red/red fluorescence ratios in both media, indicating loss of chlorophyll. The F730/F680 ratio for DMSO was log-linearly dependent on total chlorophyll content (r(2) = 0.58; P less than or equal to 0.001). Chlorophyll (Chl) a and b were reduced (P less than or equal to 0.01) and the Chl a/b (P less than or equal to 0.05) and carotenoid/Chl (P less than or equal to 0.001) ratios were higher under UV-B irradiation. This experiment provides further evidence that UV-B induced damage includes degradation of Chi and photosynthetic function, while photoprotection involves the antioxidant defense system. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT BIOL,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22903. USDA ARS,CLIMATE STRESS LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Middleton, EM (reprint author), NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,TERR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771, USA. RI Strid, Ake/E-5309-2012; OI Strid, Ake/0000-0003-3315-8835; Adamse, Paulien/0000-0002-7490-2424 NR 41 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU GUSTAV FISCHER VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA WOLLGRASWEG 49, D-70599 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0176-1617 J9 J PLANT PHYSIOL JI J. Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 148 IS 1-2 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UL698 UT WOS:A1996UL69800011 ER PT J AU Unger, PW AF Unger, PW TI Dryland no-tillage winter wheat response to planter type SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article ID WATER STORAGE; RESIDUE; SORGHUM; ROTATION; GRAIN AB Crop planting becomes increasingly difficult as surface residue amounts increase, as with conservation tillage, Planters for such conditions are available, but costly. With relatively low residue amounts, as for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and grain sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench,] grown in rotation on dryland, it was hypothesized that drills used under conventional tillage conditions could satisfactorily plant wheat into no-tillage sorghum residues. Objectives of this study were to test this hypothesis. The information would show whether different planting equipment is needed when switching to a conservation tillage system. Drills were John Deere 8200 (Deere and Co., Moline, IL) with single-disk, Graham-Hoeme PD-160 (United Farm Toolsi, Oelwein, IA) and Fabco M-10 (Fabco Ltd., Swift Current, SK, Canada) with double-disk, and International 7100 (J. I. Case, Racine, WT) with hoe openers. No drill provided 1.5 in. (target depth) of seed coverage; it was least (0.75 in.) with the John Deere, which moved more soil from the seed row than other drills. The number of seedlings emerged was not affected by drill types. Mean yields with the John Deere (2000 lb/acre grain; 4200 lb/acre residue) were lower than with other drills (2410 to 2670 lb/acre grain; 4900 lb/acre for residue). Differences in seed coverage depth and soil removal from the drill row possibly caused the yield differences. A suitable drill should be used for planting wheat under conservation tillage, but using a heavy-weight drill, as the Fabco, is not warranted when grain sorghum residues on dryland are similar to the amounts present under the conditions of this study (4900 lb/acre). RP Unger, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS,CONSERVAT & PROD RES LAB,PO DRAWER 10,BUSHLAND,TX 79012, USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0890-8524 J9 J PROD AGRIC JI J. Prod. Agric. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 9 IS 2 BP 256 EP 260 PG 5 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA VA311 UT WOS:A1996VA31100014 ER PT J AU Bett, KL Johnsen, PB AF Bett, KL Johnsen, PB TI Challenges of evaluating sensory attributes in the presence of off-flavors (geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol) SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Article ID FARM-RAISED CATFISH; QUALITY AB The impact of 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) (earthy/musty), on the flavor evaluation of farm-raised catfish was assessed by a descriptive analysis panel, who are trained to evaluate flavor intensity using universal scales. Ideally, panelists should give the same intensity ratings for all attributes within a sample. Realistically, individual panelists perceive flavor intensity differently, because of variations in detection thresholds, adaptation, fatigue and enhancement or suppression. Experiments were designed to investigate problems associated with evaluating catfish flavor. Samples ''spiked'' with MIB had lower chickeny flavor than unspiked. Intensities of MIB in spiked samples that followed an equally spiked sample were lower. Problems can occur when catfish are presented at intervals less than 7 min. Panelists experienced difficulty in determining intensity differences of MIB flavor between sessions, but could determine differences in intensity of MIB within a session. These influences must be accounted for in experimental designs to assess catfish flavors. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. RP Bett, KL (reprint author), USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU FOOD NUTRITION PRESS INC PI TRUMBULL PA 6527 MAIN ST, P O BOX 374, TRUMBULL, CT 06611 SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD APR PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1 BP 1 EP 17 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.1996.tb00029.x PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA VH303 UT WOS:A1996VH30300001 ER PT J AU ChasanTaber, L Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH Malinow, MR Terry, P Tishler, PV Willett, W Hennekens, CH Stampfer, MJ AF ChasanTaber, L Selhub, J Rosenberg, IH Malinow, MR Terry, P Tishler, PV Willett, W Hennekens, CH Stampfer, MJ TI A prospective study of folate and vitamin B-6 and risk of myocardial infarction in US physicians SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE homocysteine; folic acid; vitamin B-6; myocardial infarction; heart disease; epidemiology ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PLASMA PYRIDOXAL 5'-PHOSPHATE; UNITED-STATES PHYSICIANS; BETA-SYNTHASE DEFICIENCY; HOMOCYST(E)INE LEVELS; VASCULAR-DISEASE; FOLIC-ACID; HOMOCYSTEINE; HYPERHOMOCYST(E)INEMIA AB Objective: To assess prospectively the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) associated with decreased plasma levels of folate and pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, a form of vitamin B-6) in relation to elevated levels of total homocysteine (tHcy). Design: Nested case-control study using prospectively collected blood samples. Setting: Participants in the Physicians' Health Study. Subjects: 14,916 male physicians, aged 40-84 years, with no prior MI or stroke provided plasma samples at baseline and were followed for 7.5 years. Samples from 333 men who subsequently developed MI, and their paired controls matched by age and smoking, were analyzed for folate and PLP levels. Measures of Outcome: Acute MI or death due to coronary disease. Results: In a model controlling for diabetes, angina, hypertension, Quetelet's index, and total/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, men with the lowest 20% of folate levels (<2.0 ng/mL) had a relative risk of 1.4 (95% confidence interval 0.9-2.3) compared with those in the top 80%. For the lowest 20% of vitamin B-6 values, the relative risk was 1.5 (95% CI: 1.0-2.2). When we included both folate and B-6 in a model with cardiovascular risk factors, the relative risk of MI for low as compared to high levels of folate was 1.3 (95% CI: 0.8-2.1) and for PLP, 1.3 (95% CI: 0.9-2.1). Adding tHcy to this model did not add significant predictive value (chi sq = 2.0, p > 0.05), except in the first half of the follow-up interval when men with the top 5% of tHcy values had an almost three-fold increase in risk of MI. Conclusions: Although not statistically significant, these prospective data are compatible with the hypothesis that low dietary intake of folate and/or vitamin B-6 contribute to risk of MI. C1 HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV PREVENT MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT NUTR,BOSTON,MA 02115. TUFTS UNIV,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,USDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. OREGON REG PRIMATE RES CTR,BEAVERTON,OR 97006. COLUMBIA UNIV,DIV EPIDEMIOL,NEW YORK,NY. BROCKTON W ROXBURY VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BROCKTON,MA. RP ChasanTaber, L (reprint author), HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CHANNING LAB,180 LONGWOOD AVE,BOSTON,MA 02115, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 42182]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-07069] NR 43 TC 209 Z9 214 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER COLL NUTRITION PI NEW YORK PA C/O HOSP. JOINT DIS. 301 E. 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10003 SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 15 IS 2 BP 136 EP 143 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UE788 UT WOS:A1996UE78800006 PM 8778142 ER PT J AU Chang, SP Rothfus, JA AF Chang, SP Rothfus, JA TI Nonequilibrium transitions in thermotropic phases of eicosenoic acid methyl esters SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE differential scanning calorimetry; fatty ester polymorphism; Limnanthes; Meadowfoam ID POLYMORPHIC BEHAVIOR; ERUCIC-ACID; TRANSFORMATION; TRIGLYCERIDES; DIFFRACTION; POP AB Methyl esters of cis-5-eicosenoic (5-EAME) and cis-11-eicosenoic (11-EAME) acids from the seed oil of Limnanthes alba (Meadowfoam) exhibit a degree of thermotropic polymorphism unobserved with shorter and longer chainlength monoenoic methyl esters. 5-EAME freezes at 264 K and melts at 266 K if cooled no lower than 215 K. 11-EAME freezes at 239 K and melts at 255 K if cooled at no lower than 240 K. Solids cooled to lower temperatures undergo phase transformation to higher-melting polymorphs (274 K, 5-EAME; 262 K, 11-EAME), and samples often exhibit double melting endotherms. Quantities of each high-melting phase vary with time at temperatures below characteristic initiation temperatures. Highly temperature-sensitive phase conversions suggest low temperature nucleation, followed by crystal growth and conversion, as reheating allows molecular motion. Once formed, both high-melting phases melt with essentially the same melting entropy. Thermodynamic and kinetic analyses imply that differences exhibited by the isomeric esters derive from aliphatic configuration distal to the double bond. C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 73 IS 4 BP 403 EP 410 DI 10.1007/BF02523910 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF807 UT WOS:A1996UF80700001 ER PT J AU Sonnet, PE Foglia, TA AF Sonnet, PE Foglia, TA TI Epoxidation of natural triglycerides with ethylmethyldioxirane SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE biphasic epoxidation; epoxides; oils and fats; oxirane; phase-transfer catalyzed ID DIOXIRANES AB Phase-transfer catalyzed biphasic epoxidation of a series of fats and oils with ethylmethyldioxirane in 2-butanone was conducted. The series of glycerides studied varied from monounsaturated (olive) to highly polyunsaturated (flaxseed) oils. Best conversions for polyunsaturate-containing oils were obtained with a molar ratio of 2.5:1 (oxidant/oil) with two-step addition of oxidant. Conversion to epoxides was monitored by gas-liquid chromatography, and oxirane content was determined by titration. The effect of phase-transfer catalyst or solvent used for the epoxidation reaction also was investigated. RP Sonnet, PE (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,600 E MERMAID LANE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118, USA. NR 10 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 73 IS 4 BP 461 EP 464 DI 10.1007/BF02523919 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF807 UT WOS:A1996UF80700010 ER PT J AU Abidi, SL Mounts, TL Finn, T AF Abidi, SL Mounts, TL Finn, T TI A preferred solvent system for high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of soybean phospholipids with evaporative light-scattering detection SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE analysis; HPLC; mobile phase solvent; phospholipids; separations; soybean oil; tert-butyl methyl ether; tetrahydrofuran AB Normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography separations of phospholipids (PL) depend heavily on the variation in mobile phases. Incorporation of pure tetrahydrofuran to a mobile phase of chloroform, methanol, and ammonium hydroxide improved the separation of polar phospholipids. However, impurities were often found to be present in tetrahydrofuran that caused severe peak interferences with PL analytes. The use of a common chromatographic solvent tert.-butyl methyl ether, in lieu of tetrahydrofuran in mobile phases, eliminated problems associated with solvent contamination and yielded reproducible results. The modified method has been applied for the quantitative analysis of phospholipids in crude soybean oils. C1 AMERICHROM CORP,BURTONSVILLE,MD 20866. RP Abidi, SL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 3 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 73 IS 4 BP 535 EP 536 DI 10.1007/BF02523933 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF807 UT WOS:A1996UF80700024 ER PT J AU Neff, WE AF Neff, WE TI Oxidative stability of interesterified blends - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OIL CHEMISTS SOCIETY LA English DT Letter RP Neff, WE (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0003-021X J9 J AM OIL CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 73 IS 4 BP 539 EP 539 DI 10.1007/BF02523936 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology GA UF807 UT WOS:A1996UF80700027 ER PT J AU Brown, CC Slenning, BD AF Brown, CC Slenning, BD TI Impact and risk of foreign animal diseases SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID MOUTH-DISEASE; CANADA C1 USDA,APHIS,VS,NATL VET SERV LABS,FOREIGN ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,GREENPORT,NY 11944. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT FOOD ANIM & EQUINE MED,POPULAT MED PROGRAM,RALEIGH,NC 27606. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0003-1488 J9 J AM VET MED ASSOC JI J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 208 IS 7 BP 1038 EP 1040 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UC711 UT WOS:A1996UC71100013 PM 8621314 ER PT J AU Vick, BA Charlet, LD AF Vick, BA Charlet, LD TI Comparative fatty acid composition and metabolism in larvae of the red and of the gray sunflower seed weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID HYDROCARBONS; FLIES AB Larvae of the red sunflower seed weevil and gray sunflower seed weevil, Smicronyx fulvus LeConte and Smicronyx sordidus LeConte, respectively, have very similar morphological characteristics and cannot be easily distinguished visually. The purpose of this study was to compare the larvae of the two species for differences in biochemical composition. Fatty acid composition was chosen for this investigation. The results demonstrated that the larvae of the two species had important differences in lipid metabolism, primarily in the fatty acid composition of triacylglycerols, which was the major storage lipid class. The storage triacylglycerols of S. fulvus were derived both by de novo synthesis from acetate and by modification of dietary lipids, whereas storage triacylglycerols of S. sordidus arose primarily by de novo synthesis from acetate. In S. sordidus larvae, the concentration of palmitoleic acid was consistently higher than 5% (n = 33) and always exceeded the linoleic acid content, which was usually less than 4%. In contrast, the palmitoleic acid content of S. fulvus was usually much fewer than 5% and never exceeded linoleic acid. The amount of linoleic acid in the triacylglycerol of S. fulvus larvae was usually high, and correlated well with the linoleic acid content of the diet. In contrast, the linoleic acid content of S. sordidus was low, indicating that mature sunflower seed kernels, which are normally high in linoleic acid, were not the major source of nutrient for S. sordidus. In both weevil species, dietary triacylglycerols were nor deposited intact into the fat bodies, but instead were processed by lipases to release the fatty acids, which in turn were reesterified to glycerol to form new triacylglycerol molecular species. There was no evidence that dietary fatty acids were catabolized to acetate for resynthesis into new fatty acids. The larvae of both species are able to synthesize myristic, palmitic, palmitoleic, stearic, and oleic acids in vivo from [1,2-C-14]sodium acetate. Neither species synthesize linoleic acid. The dietary source of acetate for de novo fatty acid synthesis in developing larvae of both the red sunflower seed weevil and gray sunflower seed weevil was probably sugars from photosynthesis, not lipids. RP Vick, BA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,FARGO,ND 58105, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 160 EP 176 PG 17 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA VE557 UT WOS:A1996VE55700006 ER PT J AU Batra, SWT AF Batra, SWT TI Biology of Apis laboriosa Smith, a pollinator of apples at high altitude in the great Himalaya range of Garhwal, India, (Hymenoptera: Apidae) SO JOURNAL OF THE KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BEE AB The giant Himalayan honey bee, Apis laboriosa, was found in U.P. near Uttarkashi (el. 1300 m) and Harsil (el. 2660 m), along the gorge of the Bhagirathi Ganga, about 600 km west of its known range in Nepal. Combs at Uttarkashi were built on a south-facing cliff. These bees responded to repeated attacks by the giant hornet, Vespa mandarinia Smith, by hissing and shimmering (shaking), and foragers dropped their pollen loads. The colonies probably migrate to escape mass slaughter by these hornets, as well as to exploit alpine flowers. At Uttarkashi, in late April, foragers visited Callistemon trees 3 km. from their nests. This rare, seasonally migrating bee was a good pollinator of apple trees in early May at Harsil, and populations should be conserved. They may be viewed by eco-tourists, bringing some income to this region. RP Batra, SWT (reprint author), USDA ARS,BEE RES LAB,BLDG 476,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU KANSAS ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 SN 0022-8567 J9 J KANSAS ENTOMOL SOC JI J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 69 IS 2 BP 177 EP 181 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA VE557 UT WOS:A1996VE55700007 ER PT J AU Blanchard, EJ Reinhardt, RM Graves, EE AF Blanchard, EJ Reinhardt, RM Graves, EE TI Factors affecting the dyeability of cotton crosslinked with polycarboxylic acid SO JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY OF DYERS AND COLOURISTS LA English DT Article AB Improved dyeing properties of cotton crosslinked with polycarboxylic acids are produced by addition of reactive nitrogenous additives, such as alkanolamines and hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salts, to the treatment formulation. Both N-methylolamides and polycarboxylic acids are effective for crosslinking cotton and bonding reactive nitrogenous additives to the cellulosic substrate, but dyeing characteristics of the finished fabrics are very different. In this study, the influence of the reactive additives and dyebath pH on the colour yields of cotton crosslinked with polycarboxylic acids and then dyed with anionic dyes were determined. Emphasis is on the dyeing properties of cotton finished with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid or citric acid non-formaldehyde crosslinking agents, and alkanolamine hydrochloride or hydroxyalkyl quaternary ammonium salt additives. RP Blanchard, EJ (reprint author), USDA,SO REG RES CTR,POB 19687,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179, USA. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC DYERS AND COLOURISTS PERKIN HOUSE PI BRADFORD PA PO BOX 244 82 GRATTAN ROAD, BRADFORD, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND BD1 2JB SN 0037-9859 J9 J SOC DYERS COLOUR JI J. Soc. Dye. Colour PD APR PY 1996 VL 112 IS 4 BP 108 EP 113 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Textiles SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA UE171 UT WOS:A1996UE17100009 ER PT J AU MorrowTesch, J Woollen, N Hahn, L AF MorrowTesch, J Woollen, N Hahn, L TI Response of gamma delta T-lymphocytes to heat stress in Bos taurus and Bos indicus crossbred cattle SO JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cattle; heat stress; T-lymphocytes ID CELLS; CD4; MICE; WC1 AB 1. Three experiments were conducted to measure the migration of bovine gamma delta T-lymphocytes in crossbred Bos taurus and Bos indicus cattle during thermoneutral and hot environmental conditions. In the first experiment gamma delta T-lymphocytes were initially reduced and then elevated in peripheral blood following heat stress. 2. In experiment 2 skin biopsies were obtained from the tail head on 4 consecutive days to determine the distribution of gamma delta T-lymphocytes in epithelial tissue. Epithelial gamma delta T-lymphocytes were increased following heat stress. 3. In experiment 3, crossbred steers showed a reduction in the numbers of circulating gamma delta T-lymphocytes following heat stress, although the time course of the response was delayed for this group. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 USDA ARS, US MEAT ANIM RES CTR, BIOL ENGN RES UNIT, CLAY CTR, NE 68933 USA. USDA ARS, US MEAT ANIM RES CTR, ANIM HLTH SYST RES UNIT, CLAY CTR, NE 68933 USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4565 J9 J THERM BIOL JI J. Therm. Biol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 21 IS 2 BP 101 EP 108 DI 10.1016/0306-4565(95)00030-5 PG 8 WC Biology; Zoology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Zoology GA UK408 UT WOS:A1996UK40800006 ER PT J AU SchroederTucker, L Wesley, IV Kiehlbauch, JA Laron, DJ Thomas, LA Erickson, GA AF SchroederTucker, L Wesley, IV Kiehlbauch, JA Laron, DJ Thomas, LA Erickson, GA TI Phenotypic and ribosomal RNA characterization of Arcobacter species isolated from porcine aborted fetuses SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID AEROTOLERANT CAMPYLOBACTER; DIARRHEAL ILLNESS; SP-NOV; BUTZLERI; DIFFERENTIATION; HELICOBACTER; ORGANISMS; SEQUENCES; PROBES; DNA AB Aerotolerant organisms resembling Campylobacter, now designated as Arcobacter, have been described from aborted farm animals and from cases of human enteritis worldwide. The goals of this study were 1) to attempt to recover Arcobacter spp. from cases of porcine abortion, 2) to characterize these isolates by phenotype and ribotype, and 3) to compare the usefulness of ribotype and phenotype patterns for identifying Arcobacter butzleri and the DNA hybridization groups 1A and 1B of A, cryaeuophilus. Isolates of Arcobacter spp. from North Carolina and Iowa were recovered from porcine tissues. In Iowa, Arcobacter spp. were recovered from 43% (13/30) of porcine abortion cases evaluated. Isolations were made from placenta (44%), kidney (44%), and stomach contents (12%), which were the only tissues examined. The most reliable biochemical tests for A. butzleri included growth in 1% glycine and in 1.5% NaCl, weak catalase activity, and resistance to cadmium chloride. Arcobacter cryaerophilus strains were characterized by strong catalase activity and sensitivity to cadmium chloride. The DNA hybridization groups 1A and 1B of A. cryaerophilus could not be distinguished by biochemical tests. This represents the first description of A. cryaerophilus DNA group 1A in animals within the United States. C1 USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,AMES,IA 50010. CTR DIS CONTROL,ENTER DIS BRANCH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,VET DIAGNOST LAB,AMES,IA 50011. N CAROLINA DEPT AGR,ROLLINS ANIM DIS DIAGNOST LAB,RALEIGH,NC 27605. RP SchroederTucker, L (reprint author), VET SERV,USDA,NATL VET SERV LABS,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 37 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI COLUMBIA PA PO BOX 6023, COLUMBIA, MO 65205 SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD APR PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 186 EP 195 PG 10 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UP388 UT WOS:A1996UP38800008 PM 8744740 ER PT J AU Mengeling, WL Lager, KM Vorwald, AC AF Mengeling, WL Lager, KM Vorwald, AC TI Alveolar macrophages as a diagnostic sample for detecting natural infection of pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article RP Mengeling, WL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,VIROL SWINE RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC VETERINARY LABORATORY DIAGNOSTICIANS INC PI COLUMBIA PA PO BOX 6023, COLUMBIA, MO 65205 SN 1040-6387 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD APR PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 238 EP 240 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UP388 UT WOS:A1996UP38800015 PM 8744747 ER PT J AU Jones, D Brunovskis, P Witter, R Kung, HJ AF Jones, D Brunovskis, P Witter, R Kung, HJ TI Retroviral insertional activation in a herpesvirus: Transcriptional activation of Us genes by an integrated long terminal repeat in a Marek's disease virus clone SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID C-MYC ACTIVATION; SERIAL INVITRO PASSAGE; SHORT UNIQUE REGION; RETICULOENDOTHELIOSIS VIRUS; SEQUENCE DETERMINATION; INVERTED REPEATS; DNA; PROMOTER; LYMPHOMAS; TYPE-1 AB Insertional activation of host proto-oncogenes has been recognized as a basic mechanism by which nonacute retroviruses induce cancer. Our previous work has demonstrated that retroviruses can efficiently integrate into DNA virus genomes. Specifically, coinfection of cultured fibroblasts with a chicken herpesvirus. Marek's disease virus (MDV), and a chicken retrovirus results in frequent stable retroviral insertions into the herpesvirus genome. Such insertions could alter the expression of herpesvirus genes, possibly resulting in novel phenotypic properties. In this article, we report the characterization of a replication-competent clone of MDV with integrated retroviral sequences. This virus was isolated from a chicken following injection of fibroblasts coinfected with MDV and the retrovirus, reticuloendotheliosis virus. Transcripts originating from the reticuloendotheliosis virus long terminal repeat promoters were found to encode the adjoining MDV genes, SORF2, US1, and US10. This virus replicates well in culture but has an unusual phenotype in chickens, characterized by an attenuated virulence which produces no nerve lesions but, rather, severe thymic atrophy. While the causal relationship between the insertion and the observed phenotypes remains to be established, out data provide the first evidence of retroviral insertional activation of herpesvirus genes. C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC BIOL & MICROBIOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. USDA ARS,AVIAN DIS & ONCOL LAB,E LANSING,MI 48823. RI Kung, Hsing-Jien/C-7651-2013; Jones, Daniel/I-7399-2015 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA43703, CA46613] NR 50 TC 58 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 70 IS 4 BP 2460 EP 2467 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA UA397 UT WOS:A1996UA39700047 PM 8642673 ER PT J AU Hakim, S McShea, WJ Mason, JR AF Hakim, S McShea, WJ Mason, JR TI The attractiveness of a liquid bait to white-tailed deer in the central Appalachian Mountains, Virginia, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE attractant; bait; white-tailed deer; flavor; olfaction; Odocoileus virginianus; taste ID WILDLIFE AB We determined the attractiveness of a bait composed of apple juice, apple odor, water, glycerin, and salt to captive white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) at the National Zoological Park Conservation and Research Center, Front Royal, Virginia, USA. Thirty-nine deer (three adult males, 20 adult females, eight male fawns, eight female fawns) were presented with die bait formulation in a 22-ha enclosure during January, February, and May 1994. Daily consumption, and the frequency of visits to bait dispensers and the frequency of drinking bouts were recorded. Overall consumption was greatest in May (P < 0.001). While adults and fawns visited bait dispensers equally often, fawns drank more frequently (P < 0.001). C1 MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,USDA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Hakim, S (reprint author), NATL ZOOL PK CONSERVAT & RES CTR,FRONT ROYAL,VA 22630, USA. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSN, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 SN 0090-3558 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD APR PY 1996 VL 32 IS 2 BP 395 EP 398 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UF941 UT WOS:A1996UF94100036 PM 8722288 ER PT J AU Shivik, JA Jaeger, MM Barrett, RH AF Shivik, JA Jaeger, MM Barrett, RH TI Coyote movements in relation to the spatial distribution of sheep SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE California; Canis latrans; core area; coyote; domestic sheep; movement patterns; Ovis aries ID HOME-RANGE SIZE; HABITAT USE; SOUTHEASTERN COLORADO; SCENT-MARKING; CANIS-LATRANS; TRIANGULATION; INDEPENDENCE; BIOTELEMETRY; ABUNDANCE; LOCATIONS AB Coyotes (Canis latrans) are a major predator of domestic sheep (Ovis aries) grazed on open range, but studies have not examined how coyote movement patterns change in relation to this temporally intermittent and spatially clumped food resource. Using 8 resident coyotes in the Sagehen Creek watershed, Nevada County, California, we found that coyote core areas (64% adaptive kernal estimator) overlapped more while sheep were in the basin, that at least 1 resident animal followed the sheep into other animals' core areas, and that coyotes did not avoid each other in areas where sheep were concentrated. We conclude that under the conditions of our study, territoriality in coyotes does not limit coyote access to sheep. Conclusions drawn by studies of coyotes not influenced by sheep may be spurious if inferences are made to sheep-influenced populations. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI POLICY & MANAGEMENT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,USDA,APHIS,ADC,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 50 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 9 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD APR PY 1996 VL 60 IS 2 BP 422 EP 430 DI 10.2307/3802245 PG 9 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA UF002 UT WOS:A1996UF00200027 ER PT J AU Basman, CM Manfredo, MJ Barro, SC Vaske, JJ Watson, A AF Basman, CM Manfredo, MJ Barro, SC Vaske, JJ Watson, A TI Norm accessibility: An exploratory study of backcountry and frontcountry recreational norms SO LEISURE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE norms; norm accessibility; salience; recreational behavior; backcountry norms; frontcountry norms ID ENCOUNTER NORMS; ECOLOGICAL IMPACTS; ATTITUDE ACCESSIBILITY; WILDERNESS CAMPSITES; BEHAVIOR; EXPERIENCE; STANDARDS; MANAGEMENT; SETTINGS; OBJECT AB This study examined the norms that are salient to or accessed by subjects in response to scenes of frontcountry and backcountry settings. inasmuch as salient norms are more likely to influence behavior, the concept of norm accessibility has utility for recreation and natural resource management. After viewing sets of photographic slides of either frontcountry or backcountry recreation settings, college students completed a a questionnaire that elicited salient norms and measured students' previous experience, knowledge, and frequency of visitation levels with the specific setting. Results suggest that while there seem to be few differences in the norm topics recalled or mean number of norms accessed by respondents in backcountry and frontcountry settings, there was slightly more group agreement in the norms accessed for the backcountry setting. The number of norms recalled by respondents was influenced by previous experience, frequency of contact with the setting, and level of knowledge with the recreational setting. Norm accessibility may be particularly relevant in influencing and predicting behavior of recreationists. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT NAT RESOURCE RECREAT & TOURISM,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. US FOREST SERV,N CENT STN,CHICAGO,IL. US FOREST SERV,ALDO LEOPOLD WILDERNESS RES INST,MISSOULA,MT. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-0400 J9 LEISURE SCI JI Leis. Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2 BP 177 EP 191 PG 15 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sociology SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA VD989 UT WOS:A1996VD98900005 ER PT J AU Kim, KY Frank, JF Craven, SE AF Kim, KY Frank, JF Craven, SE TI Three-dimensional visualization of Salmonella attachment to poultry skin using confocal scanning laser microscopy SO LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL STRUCTURES; LIGHT-MICROSCOPY; WATER IMMERSION; CARCASSES; CONTAMINATION; BACTERIA AB The objective of this study was to locate the position of attached or entrapped Salmonella cells in poultry skin. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) was used to obtain optical sections of intact poultry skin without artefacts associated with dehydration and other sample preparation techniques. A technique was developed to prevent compression of the poultry skin during CSLM operation. Images of bacteria and poultry skin were obtained after staining with Pyronin-Y. Data indicated that Salmonella cells were mostly located in the cervices and feather follicles. Salmonella in feather follicle floated freely in surrounding liquid even after the skin was thoroughly rinsed. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD SCI & TECHNOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. USDA ARS,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,POULTRY MICROBIOL SAFETY RES UNIT,ATHENS,GA 30613. NR 14 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0266-8254 J9 LETT APPL MICROBIOL JI Lett. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 22 IS 4 BP 280 EP 282 DI 10.1111/j.1472-765X.1996.tb01161.x PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA UD908 UT WOS:A1996UD90800007 PM 8934786 ER PT J AU Schiff, NM Feldlaufer, MF AF Schiff, NM Feldlaufer, MF TI Neutral sterols of sawflies (Symphyta): Their relationship to other hymenoptera SO LIPIDS LA English DT Article ID PHYTOSTEROL DEALKYLATION; ECDYSTEROID CONTENT; MAKISTERONE-A; IDENTIFICATION; METABOLISM; HEMIPTERA AB To investigate sterol utilization in sawflies, the neutral sterols of four species of sawflies were determined by gas-liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, and compared to the respective dietary plant material. Cholesterol was the predominant (55-76%) sterol in all species and stages of sawflies examined. Host plants, however, contained primarily sitosterol (50-88%), along with other 24-alkylsterols and only 0.5-5.9% cholesterol, indicating that the sawflies examined are capable of dealkylating the C-28 and C-29 phytosterols in their diet to cholesterol. Comparative sterol metabolism in Hymenoptera is discussed. C1 USDA ARS,BEE RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER OIL CHEMISTS SOC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1608 BROADMOOR DRIVE, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61821-0489 SN 0024-4201 J9 LIPIDS JI Lipids PD APR PY 1996 VL 31 IS 4 BP 441 EP 443 DI 10.1007/BF02522933 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA UF395 UT WOS:A1996UF39500014 PM 8743059 ER PT J AU Ede, RM Ralph, J AF Ede, RM Ralph, J TI Assignment of 2D TOCSY spectra of lignins: The role of lignin model compounds SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NMR; H-1 NMR; 2D TOCSY; lignins; model compounds ID CORRELATION NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; MILLED WOOD LIGNIN; SHIFT CORRELATION; C-13 ASSIGNMENTS; THREO FORMS; H-1-NMR; HOMONUCLEAR; ERYTHRO; H-1 AB The validity of using model compound data to facilitate the interpretation of solution-state two-dimensional TOCSY spectra of soluble wood lignins is demonstrated, The correspondence between model data and lignin correlations was such that it was possible to match the structure and stereochemistry of model compounds to structures present in the lignins by mapping model compound H-1 chemical shift data to the cross peaks observed in the TOCSY spectra, For systematic comparisons of model data and lignin correlations, an XY scatter plot of model compound side-chain data was generated and then overlayed on the lignin TOCSY spectra, In addition to providing an accurate way of comparing model compound data with lignin correlations, this technique permitted the elucidation of some previously unassigned correlations, In situations where not all possible combinations of model compound side-chain stereochemistry and aromatic ring substitution were available, it was possible to generate internally consistent side-chain data from substituent effects, This allowed the prediction of the mode of attachment of certain inter-unit structures in the lignins. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FORESTRY,MADISON,WI 53706. USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Ede, RM (reprint author), UNIV WAIKATO,DEPT CHEM,PRIVATE BAG 3105,HAMILTON,NEW ZEALAND. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0749-1581 J9 MAGN RESON CHEM JI Magn. Reson. Chem. PD APR PY 1996 VL 34 IS 4 BP 261 EP 268 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-458X(199604)34:4<261::AID-OMR864>3.0.CO;2-J PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA UD842 UT WOS:A1996UD84200004 ER PT J AU Steelman, CD Brown, CJ McNew, RW Gbur, EE Brown, MA Tolley, G AF Steelman, CD Brown, CJ McNew, RW Gbur, EE Brown, MA Tolley, G TI The effects of selection for size in cattle on horn fly population density SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Haematobia irritans irritans; horn fly; innate resistance; beef cattle; cattle size; USA ID BEEF-CATTLE; BOOPHILUS-MICROPLUS; RESISTANCE; BREEDS; DIPTERA; MUSCIDAE; TICK; HERITABILITY; INFESTATIONS AB Statistically significant differences were observed in the population density of the horn fly, Haematobia irritans irritans L., on Angus cows having significantly different frame sizes. Angus cows, averaging <112.5 cm in height at the hip, had significantly lower numbers of horn flies than Angus cows that measured 112.5-117.5 cm, 117.5-120 cm, 120-126 cm and >126 cm in height at the hip. The Angus I cows (<112.5 cm in height at the hip) were significantly shorter in length (mean distance from the withers to the hip bone) and were smaller in girth than the Angus II (112.5-126 cm) and Booneville Angus cows (>126 cm). The estimated heritability (h(2)) of horn fly resistance was 0.43 +/- 0.07 and 0.95 +/- 0.31 for 1989 and 1990, respectively. Horn fly counts on the Angus I herd (<112.5 cm in height) was 118.1 (probable breeding value, PBV = -20.69) to 165 horn flies per cow (PBV = 26.9 flies per cow in 1989) and from 75.9 (PBV = -29.1) to 134.5 (PBV = 29.5) flies per cow in 1990. Angus I bulls had PBV = -23.7 to 13.4 and from -26.5 to 14.75 in 1989 and 1990, respectively. The Angus II cows had horn fly counts that ranged from 159.6 (PBV of -23.5) to 208.1 (PBV of 25) per cow in 1989 and from 232.3 (PBV of -56.2) to 378.7 (PBV of 90) per cow in 1990. Angus II bulls had PBVs that ranged from -17.1 to 18.9 in 1989 and from -28.1 to 48.8 in 1990. The Angus I cows had significantly (P < 0.0001) lower numbers of horn flies (mean of 63.8 horn flies per m(2)) than the small, medium or large Angus II cows (mean of 129.4, 149.6 and 145.5 horn flies per m(2), respectively). The data indicated that some specific factor(s) associated with cow size contribute(s) to innate resistance of cattle to the horn fly. C1 UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT ANIM SCI,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. UNIV ARKANSAS,AGR STAT LAB,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. USDA ARS,S CENT FAMILY FARMS RES CTR,BOONEVILLE,AR. RP Steelman, CD (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT ENTOMOL,AGR EXPT STN,RM 320 AGR BLDG,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701, USA. NR 34 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 129 EP 136 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00718.x PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA UL343 UT WOS:A1996UL34300003 PM 8744704 ER PT J AU Taylor, DB Szalanski, AL Peterson, RD AF Taylor, DB Szalanski, AL Peterson, RD TI Mitochondrial DNA variation in screwworm SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cochliomyia hominivorax; Cochliomyia macellaria; screwworm; mitochondrial DNA; PCR-RFLP ID COCHLIOMYIA-HOMINIVORAX; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; RESTRICTION DATA; POPULATIONS; DIPTERA; CALLIPHORIDAE; FLY; MEXICO; CHIAPAS; AMERICA AB Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was used to characterize mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in screwworms, Cochliomyia hominivorax, and secondary screwworm, C.macellaria, from the Caribbean, North America and South America. Four amplicons, totaling 7.1 kb, were analysed with sixteen restriction enzymes. A total of 133 restriction sites was observed in the two species, 104 in C.hominivorax, of which nineteen were variable, and ninety-five in C.macellaria, none of which was variable. Fourteen mtDNA haplotypes were observed among eighteen C.hominivorax examined. Mean divergence between C.hominivorax haplotypes (d) was 0.0064 substitutions per base-pair and genotypic diversity (G) was 0.97. Mean divergence between C.hominivorax and C.macellaria was 0.0824. Cochliomyia hominivorax haplotypes could be divided into three assemblages representing North America, South America and Jamaica, based on UPGMA clustering with d values. The assemblages did not exhibit complete geographic fidelity. These data were discordant with previously published allozyme data indicating little differentiation between screwworm populations. A scenario invoking historically isolated populations coming into contact with the introduction and movement of European livestock is proposed to explain the observed population structure of screwworm. RP Taylor, DB (reprint author), UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT ENTOMOL,USDA ARS,MIDWEST LIVESTOCK INSECTS RES LAB,305 PLANT IND BLDG,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. RI Taylor, David/G-6025-2014 OI Taylor, David/0000-0002-4378-4867 NR 38 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00723.x PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA UL343 UT WOS:A1996UL34300008 PM 8744709 ER PT J AU Holbrook, FR Tabachnick, WJ Brady, R AF Holbrook, FR Tabachnick, WJ Brady, R TI Genetic variation in populations of Culicoides variipennis complex in the six New England states, USA SO MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Culicoides variipennis; Ceratopogonidae; Diptera; bluetongue; population genetics; epidemiology; USA ID BLUETONGUE VIRUS; FIELD POPULATIONS; CERATOPOGONIDAE; DIPTERA; VECTOR; INFECTION AB We investigated the identity and distribution of members of the Culicoides variipennis complex in the six New England states of the U.S.A., a region where bluetongue transmission has not been detected. Analyses of seven polymorphic isozyme-encoding loci showed that only C.variipennis, not considered to be a vector of the bluetongue viruses, was present. The populations of C.variipennis were significantly more hetero-zygous than C.v.sonorensis and C.v.occidentalis populations from similar studies in the state of California. Estimates of genetic diversity among populations of C.v.variipennis in New England were similar to C.v.sonorensis in the state of Colorado, but were significantly more genetically divergent than California populations of C.v.occidentalis. The impact of these findings on the status of New England as a possible bluetongue-free region for the purpose of international trade in ruminant livestock and their germplasm is discussed. C1 US ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV,VET SERV,SUTTON,MA. RP Holbrook, FR (reprint author), USDA ARS,ARTHROPOD BORNE ANIM DIS RES LAB,POB 3965,UNIV STN,LARAMIE,WY 82071, USA. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-283X J9 MED VET ENTOMOL JI Med. Vet. Entomol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00725.x PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA UL343 UT WOS:A1996UL34300010 PM 8744711 ER PT J AU Driver, BL AF Driver, BL TI Benefits-driven management of natural areas SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LEISURE AB This paper recommends the use of the benefits-driven approach to guide management of natural areas. Under that approach, managers must continue to try to sustain the biophysical resources and meet the societal needs those resources can accommodate reasonably. In addition, managers must go beyond the conventional notion of demand for goods and services and consider how the existence, management, and use of the resources benefit people; they must explicitly consider these positive impacts in their management decisions. Such Benefits-Based Management (BBM) is growing rapidly in acceptance by managers of urban and hinterland recreation resources. The basic concept and the steps being followed to implement BBM to guide management of recreation resources are described. Applications of BBM to natural areas that receive less recreational use are considered. RP Driver, BL (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,USDA,ROCKY MT FOREST & RANGE EXPT STN,240 W PROSPECT ST,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOCIATION PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD STREET, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 SN 0885-8608 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD APR PY 1996 VL 16 IS 2 BP 94 EP 99 PG 6 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA UP083 UT WOS:A1996UP08300004 ER PT J AU Mason, JB AF Mason, JB TI A clinical nutritionist's search for meaning: Why should we bother to feed the acutely ill, hospitalized patient? SO NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROTEIN-CALORIE MALNUTRITION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS; INTRAVENOUS NUTRITION; ENTERAL NUTRITION; FRACTURED NECK; THERAPY; BENEFITS; SURGERY; DISEASE C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV NEW ENGLAND MED CTR,ADULT NUTR SUPPORT SERV,BOSTON,MA 02111. FU NCI NIH HHS [1-U01-CA 63812-01] NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0899-9007 J9 NUTRITION JI Nutrition PD APR PY 1996 VL 12 IS 4 BP 279 EP 281 DI 10.1016/S0899-9007(97)85072-2 PG 3 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UZ331 UT WOS:A1996UZ33100011 PM 8862537 ER PT J AU Lu, CD Schoknecht, PA Ellis, KJ Shypailo, R Su, DR Pond, WG AF Lu, CD Schoknecht, PA Ellis, KJ Shypailo, R Su, DR Pond, WG TI Differential compensatory organ growth in young pigs after short-term rehabilitation from protein deficiency SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE body composition; cerebrum; compensatory growth; pigs; protein deficiency; dual energy x-ray absorptiometry ID CATCH-UP GROWTH; SIZE AB Our objective was to determine the changes in body composition and organ mass in response to severe dietary protein restriction and short-term rehabilitation. Six-week-old pigs were fed ad libitum either a nutritionally adequate (A, 21% protein, n=4) or a protein-deficient (D, 5% protein, n=4) diet for 8 week, then all pigs were fed the adequate diet for 5 week. Body weight remained less after the 5 week repletion period in D pigs than in A pigs; relative weights of cerebrum, heart, small intestine, and large intestine, but not of stomach, liver, kidneys or spleen, were greater in D than in A pigs. Plasma total protein, albumin, Ca, and inorganic P were depressed and plasma HDL-cholesterol and K were elevated by protein depletion, but restored to normal levels after 5 week of repletion. Percentage of body fat was greater and that of non-osseous lean was less in in D pigs after 8 week of depletion than in A pigs (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, DXA), but values for D pigs after 5 week of repletion were similar to those of A pigs; whole body chemical analysis after repletion corroborated the terminal DXA data. Our results suggest that changes in body composition induced by 8 week of severe protein restriction are restored after 5 week of rehabilitation to values similar to those of age-matched, adequately fed pigs, and that non-allometric growth of selected organs occurs during repletion as a compensatory response in young, growing animals. C1 USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. SULTAN QABOOS UNIV,COLL AGR,MASQAT,OMAN. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM SCI,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 627 EP 637 DI 10.1016/0271-5317(96)00040-1 PG 11 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UC064 UT WOS:A1996UC06400008 ER PT J AU Pond, WG Mersmann, HJ AF Pond, WG Mersmann, HJ TI Genetically diverse pig models for neonatal cholesterol nutrition: A review SO NUTRITION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE plasma cholesterol; lipid metabolism; pigs; atherogenesis; CNS development ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; LOW SERUM-CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA-CHOLESTEROL; FATTY-ACIDS; SWINE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; LIPIDS; DIET; REGRESSION; METABOLISM AB Lipid metabolism and cholesterol homeostasis in swine are reviewed in relation to the use of the pig as a model for studying nconatal cholesterol nutrition. Several genetically unique pig populations used in cardiovascular and obesity research are described. Recent work with two specific genetically selected dietary cholesterol during the neonatal period modulates central nervous system development and atherogenesis in some genetically distinct populations of swine. Implications for the role of dietary cholesterol in human infant nutrition are discussed. RP Pond, WG (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,1100 BATES ST,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 66 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0271-5317 J9 NUTR RES JI Nutr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 707 EP 721 DI 10.1016/0271-5317(96)00048-6 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UC064 UT WOS:A1996UC06400016 ER PT J AU Ordovas, JM AF Ordovas, JM TI Anticholesterol antibodies and plaque formation SO NUTRITION REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID CHOLESTEROL; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; AUTOANTIBODIES; MEMBRANES; DISEASE AB Immunization of rabbits with a protein-free formulation consisting of liposomes containing 71% cholesterol and lipid A induced cholesterol antibodies in rabbits fed a diet containing 0.5% and 1.0% cholesterol. Elevation in plasma cholesterol levels was significantly less in immunized than in nonimmunized rabbits. immunization also resulted in a marked decrease in the risk of developing atherosclerosis as determined by analysis of aortic atherosclerosis by quantitative histological examination and fatty streaks by automated morphometric probability-of-occurrence mapping. RP TUFTS UNIV, CTR HUMAN NUTR, USDA, LIPID METAB LAB, 711 WASHINGTON ST, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA. OI Ordovas, Jose/0000-0002-7581-5680 NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0029-6643 EI 1753-4887 J9 NUTR REV JI Nutr. Rev. PD APR PY 1996 VL 54 IS 4 BP 124 EP 127 PN 1 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA VA791 UT WOS:A1996VA79100005 PM 8710242 ER PT J AU Hergenroeder, AC Hill, RB Wong, WW SangiHaghpeykar, H Taylor, W AF Hergenroeder, AC Hill, RB Wong, WW SangiHaghpeykar, H Taylor, W TI Validity of self-assessment of pubertal maturation in a multiethnic group of female children and adolescents. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 17 EP 17 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23800017 ER PT J AU Montandon, CM Kattner, SJ Motil, KJ AF Montandon, CM Kattner, SJ Motil, KJ TI Relationships between milk production and nutrient intake or body nutrient stores in lactating adolescents. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 25 EP 25 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23800025 ER PT J AU Stathos, TH Shulman, RJ Schanler, RJ Abrams, SA AF Stathos, TH Shulman, RJ Schanler, RJ Abrams, SA TI Effect of carbohydrates on calcium absorption in premature infants SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MINERAL ABSORPTION; LACTOSE; PERFUSION; MILK AB Premature infants are susceptible to diseases related to deficient dietary calcium intake. Studies in adults suggest carbohydrates can enhance calcium absorption. However, little is known about how carbohydrates affect calcium absorption in premature infants due to a lack of direct in vivo studies. We adapted the triple lumen perfusion method for use in premature infants to compare calcium absorption 36 mmol/L (1.44 gn) in the absence and presence of either 70 g/L lactose or glucose polymers. Ca-44 was added to determine endogenous calcium losses. Fourteen infants were studied (gestational age: 31 +/- 0.4 wk; study weight: 1590 +/- 105 g; mean +/- SEM). Calcium absorption from the glucose polymer solution was greater than that from the control and lactose solutions (0.17 +/- 0.05 mu mol . min(-1). cm(-1) versus 0.04 +/- 0.04 and 0.008 +/- 0.045 mu mol . min(-1). cm(-1), respectively). Calcium absorption correlated positively with water and carbohydrate absorption. The rate of carbohydrate absorption was greater from the glucose polymers than from the lactose solution (0.40 +/- 0.10 mg . min(-1). cm(-1) versus 0.22 +/- 0.06, respectively). Based upon Ca-44 absorption, endogenous calcium loss appeared to account for less than 1% of total calcium flux. We conclude that glucose polymers, but not lactose, enhance calcium absorption in the premature infant, a fact that may be useful in formula design. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,HOUSTON,TX 77030. OI Abrams, Steven/0000-0003-4972-9233 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR-00188] NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 666 EP 670 DI 10.1203/00006450-199604000-00018 PN 1 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD052 UT WOS:A1996UD05200018 PM 8848343 ER PT J AU Morlese, JF Forrester, T Badaloo, A DelRosario, M Frazer, M Jahoor, F AF Morlese, JF Forrester, T Badaloo, A DelRosario, M Frazer, M Jahoor, F TI A stable isotope investigation of retinol-binding protein and prealbumin kinetics in protein-energy malnourished children. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV W INDIES,TROP METAB RES UNIT,KINGSTON 7,JAMAICA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 731 EP 731 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23800732 ER PT J AU Mandy, G Hopkinson, J Schanler, R AF Mandy, G Hopkinson, J Schanler, R TI Elimination patterns in breastfed infants during their first week. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,SECT NEONATOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 802 EP 802 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23800802 ER PT J AU Schanler, RJ Shulman, RJ Lau, C AF Schanler, RJ Shulman, RJ Lau, C TI Randomized trial of bolus vs continuous tube-feeding in premature infants. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1441 EP 1441 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801442 ER PT J AU Jensen, CL Heird, WC Anderson, RE AF Jensen, CL Heird, WC Anderson, RE TI Effect of maternal docosahexaenoic (DHA) supplementation on milk and infant plasma DHA. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEAN A MCGEE EYE INST,OKLAHOMA CITY,OK. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1857 EP 1857 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801857 ER PT J AU Keshen, TH Jahoor, F Jaksic, T AF Keshen, TH Jahoor, F Jaksic, T TI Intracellular compartmentation of cysteine in premature neonates. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,DEPT SURG,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1862 EP 1862 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801862 ER PT J AU Lotas, LJ Shulman, RJ AF Lotas, LJ Shulman, RJ TI Effect of feeding regimen and ambient light exposure patterns on weight gain in the neonatal pig. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCH NURSING,HOUSTON,TX. TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1873 EP 1873 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801873 ER PT J AU Sauerwald, TU Hachey, DL Jensen, CL Anderson, RE Heird, WC AF Sauerwald, TU Hachey, DL Jensen, CL Anderson, RE Heird, WC TI Correlation between endogenous conversion of 18:3 omega 3 and 18:2 omega 6 in term and preterm infants. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,HOUSTON,TX. USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1902 EP 1902 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801902 ER PT J AU Sauerwald, TU Hachey, DL Wykes, LJ Heird, WC AF Sauerwald, TU Hachey, DL Wykes, LJ Heird, WC TI Characterization of pathways of endogenous synthesis of long chain polyunsaturated (LC-PUFA) fatty acids in piglets. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1903 EP 1903 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801903 ER PT J AU Shulman, RJ Schanler, RJ Lau, C Heitkemper, M AF Shulman, RJ Schanler, RJ Lau, C Heitkemper, M TI Early feeding in preterm infants increases lactase activity. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT BIOBEHAV NURSING,SEATTLE,WA 98195. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 1904 EP 1904 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23801904 ER PT J AU Motil, KJ Schultz, RJ Glaze, DG AF Motil, KJ Schultz, RJ Glaze, DG TI Dietary energy supplementation reverses cranial, linear, and ponderal growth failure in girls with Rett syndrome. SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT & NEUROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 2250 EP 2250 PN 2 PG 1 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UD238 UT WOS:A1996UD23802250 ER PT J AU Taylor, WG Hall, TW Schreck, CE AF Taylor, WG Hall, TW Schreck, CE TI Synthesis and mosquito repellent properties of 2,2-dialkyl- and 2-alkyl-4,4-dimethyl-N-acetyloxazolidines SO PESTICIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE mosquito repellents; N-acetyloxazolidines; rotational isomers; NMR spectroscopy; molecular mechanics ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CAPILLARY GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXAZOLIDINE DERIVATIVES; DIASTEREOMERS AB Nineteen novel N-acetyl-2,2-dialkyloxazolidines (2) and N-acetyl-2-alkyl-4,4-dimethyloxazolidines (3) were synthesized from commercially available carbonyl compounds and ethanolamine or 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol. Their bioactivity against laboratory-reared mosquitoes was compared in patch tests to known N-acetyl-2-alkyloxazolidines (1) and N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet insect repellent). Isomeric composition measurements by [C-13]NMR spectroscopy favoured the Z rotational isomer for samples of 2 (91-96% Z) and the E rotational isomer for samples of 3 (66-71% E), in agreement with molecular mechanics calculations on rotational isomers of model oxazolidines. Samples of 1 were previously shown to exist in solution mostly as the Z isomer (60-70% Z). Within the optimal molecular weight range for these experimental chemicals, the duration of repellency against Aedes aegypti (L.), Anopheles quadrimaculatus Say and Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann generally followed the order: 1 > 2 > deet > 3. Bioassay data are discussed in relation to the equilibrium populations of rotational isomers for substituted N-acetyloxazolidines. C1 ARS,MED & VET ENTOMOL RES LAB,USDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32604. RP Taylor, WG (reprint author), AGR & AGRI FOOD CANADA,RES CTR,POB 3000,LETHBRIDGE,AB T1J 4B1,CANADA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0031-613X J9 PESTIC SCI JI Pestic. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 46 IS 4 BP 307 EP 314 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199604)46:4<307::AID-PS368>3.0.CO;2-V PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA UD444 UT WOS:A1996UD44400002 ER PT J AU Montfort, F Klepper, BL Smiley, RW AF Montfort, F Klepper, BL Smiley, RW TI Effects of two triazole seed treatments, triticonazole and triadimenol, on growth and development of wheat SO PESTICIDE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE triazole fungicides; triadimefon; triticonazole; seed treatment; wheat ID WINTER-WHEAT; SEEDLINGS; PLANTS; FUNGI; ROOT AB The triazole fungicides, triadimenol and triticonazole, applied as seed treatments at various rates on spring wheat, affected plant growth, shoot development, and root axis production. The main growth regulatory effects were reductions in lengths of the coleoptile, the first leaf and the subcrown internode. A marked effect on tiller appearance occurred with high rates of triadimenol. Modification of root-system development included a reduction in the number of seminal roots, increased outgrowth of roots associated with the coleoptilar node, and a reduction of roots at the first foliar node (correlated with reduced production of Tiller 1). Seed treatment effects on both shoot and root development illustrated the close relationship between these plant structures. Both fungicides induced both beneficial and deleterious effects on wheat growth and development, but the magnitude of deleterious effects was less with triticonazole than with triadimenol. C1 OREGON STATE UNIV,COLUMBIA BASIN AGR RES CTR,PENDLETON,OR 97801. INRA,SRIV,F-35650 LE RHEU,FRANCE. ARS,USDA,COLUMBIA PLATEAU CONSERVAT RES CTR,PENDLETON,OR 97801. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0031-613X J9 PESTIC SCI JI Pestic. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 46 IS 4 BP 315 EP 322 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9063(199604)46:4<315::AID-PS369>3.0.CO;2-R PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA UD444 UT WOS:A1996UD44400003 ER PT J AU Giroux, RW Pauls, KP AF Giroux, RW Pauls, KP TI Characterization of embryogenesis-related proteins in alfalfa (Medicago sativa) SO PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM LA English DT Article DE alfalfa cell cultures; gene expression; Medicago sativa; polypeptides; regeneration; somatic embryogenesis ID CARROT SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS; PLANT-REGENERATION; CALLUS-CULTURES; GERMPLASM; TISSUE AB Large samples of embryogenic cells can be obtained from tetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) suspension cultures following induction by auxin and culture on growth regulator-free medium. A one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) comparison of the polypeptides synthesized by embryogenic and nonembryogenic alfalfa genotypes during inductive conditions identified a 50-kDa polypeptide band that was specific to embryogenic genotypes. Two-dimensional (iso electric focusing SDS-PAGE) electrophoretic separations resolved the 50-kDa band into three 50-kDa polypeptides with different iso-electric points. A comparison of the polypeptides in the soluble and microsomal membrane fractions from embryogenic cell masses of an embryogenic genotype suggested that the 50-kDa peptides are membrane associated. The in vitro translation products from RNAs of an embryogenic genotype had a 50-kDa band that was absent from the in vitro translation products obtained from RNAs of a nonembryogenic genotype. Therefore, we concluded that the membrane-localized 50-kDa proteins are involved in somatic embryogenesis in alfalfa and that their expression is transcriptionally determined. C1 UNIV GUELPH, DEPT CROP SCI, GUELPH, ON N1G 2W1, CANADA. UNIV MINNESOTA, USDA ARS, CEREAL RUST LAB, ST PAUL, MN 55108 USA. NR 33 TC 8 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0031-9317 J9 PHYSIOL PLANTARUM JI Physiol. Plant. PD APR PY 1996 VL 96 IS 4 BP 585 EP 592 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UH757 UT WOS:A1996UH75700006 ER PT J AU Wise, RP Lee, M Rayapati, PJ AF Wise, RP Lee, M Rayapati, PJ TI Recombination within a 5-centimorgan region in diploid Avena reveals multiple specificities conferring resistance to Puccinia coronata SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POWDERY MILDEW RESISTANCE; DISEASE-RESISTANCE; FINE-STRUCTURE; GENES; BARLEY; LOCUS; RUST; MARKERS; POLYMORPHISMS; INSTABILITY AB A set of 100 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was produced from a cross of diploid (n = 7) Avena strigosa (CI 3815) with A. wiestii (CI 1994), resistant and susceptible, respectively, to Puccinia coronata, the causal agent of crown rust. This set of RILs was inoculated with 11 isolates of P. coronata. Infection type reactions to eight isolates (PC54, 263, 290, PC62, 202, 325A, PC58, and PC59) fit a 1:1 resistant/susceptible ratio expected for traits controlled by single genes. Reaction to isolate 264B fit a 3:1 resistant/susceptible ratio, suggesting resistance conditioned by two dominant genes. Reaction to isolate 276 fit a 1:3 resistant/susceptible ratio, suggesting control by two dominant genes, whereby one gene inhibits the resistance conferred by the other. All isolates detected resistance specificities that mapped to the Pea region in A. strigosa for resistance to P. coronata. Pea is positioned between the oat restriction fragment length polymorphism marker Xisu2192 and a new randomly amplified polymorphic DNA marker, XisuC18, near the end of linkage group A. Five unique specificities within the Pea region were differentiated by recombination. The observation of five specificities conferring disease resistance that are linked in coupling is unusual, because such genes generally are linked in repulsion and inherited from multiple donor parents. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP Wise, RP (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,USDA ARS,FIELD CROPS RES UNIT,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 40 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1996 VL 86 IS 4 BP 340 EP 346 DI 10.1094/Phyto-86-340 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UD441 UT WOS:A1996UD44100002 ER PT J AU Mazzola, M Wong, OT Cook, RJ AF Mazzola, M Wong, OT Cook, RJ TI Virulence of Rhizoctonia oryzae and R-solani AG-8 on wheat and detection of R-oryzae in plant tissue by PCR SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ROOT-ROT; WINTER-WHEAT; ANASTOMOSIS GROUPS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; RIBOSOMAL DNA; SOIL; PATHOGENICITY; SENSITIVITY; TEMPERATURE; FUNGICIDES AB Rhizoctonia oryzae and R. solani anastomosis group (AG)-8 both cause root rot of wheat and barley, but R. oryzae has been considered secondary in importance to R. solani AG-8 on these cereals in the U.S. Pacific Northwest. Of 19 isolates of R. oryzae, 12 caused both preemergence damping-off of wheat and a significant reduction in root biomass of 21-day-old seedlings in natural soil at 12 degrees C, whereas 7 isolates induced minimal or no damage to wheat under these growth conditions. R. solani AG-8 had no effect on seedling emergence and seminal root development, but four of eight isolates tested caused severe root rot of wheat. Thus, R. oryzae and R. solani AG-8 may cause distinctive and different damage as pathogens of wheat, and their relative importance may vary among field sites and with the developmental stage of the host plant. The nucleotide sequence of the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions was divergent between the two species; therefore, the oligonucleotide primers RO1 and RO2 were developed from sequences within ITS1 and ITS2, respectively, that are unique to R. oryzae. These primers amplified a 511-bp fragment from DNA of R. oryzae but not DNA from any intraspecific group of R. solani or from binucleate Rhizoctonia spp. A polymerase chain reaction protocol with the RO1 and RO2 primer set was used to detect R. oryzae in wheat roots and is a suitable method to diagnose this fungus. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164. NR 36 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1996 VL 86 IS 4 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.1094/Phyto-86-354 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UD441 UT WOS:A1996UD44100004 ER PT J AU Chay, CA Smith, DM Vaughan, R Gray, SM AF Chay, CA Smith, DM Vaughan, R Gray, SM TI Diversity among isolates within the PAV serotype of barley yellow dwarf virus SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SEROLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS; APHID TRANSMISSION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; SYMPTOM VARIANTS; CAPSID PROTEIN; COAT PROTEIN; MAV ISOLATE; LUTEOVIRUSES; PURIFICATION AB Several barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) isolates collected from viruliferous aphids in upstate New York were identified as PAV serotypes, based on their reaction with a polyclonal antiserum to NY-PAV. Four of six isolates examined were distinguished from the NY-PAV type isolate of BYDV by their failure to react with a PAV-specific monoclonal antibody in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and by restriction fragment length polymorphisms of polymerase chain reaction-amplified viral sequences. The capsid protein amino acid sequence of one of these four isolates, designated PAV-129, was less similar to that of NY-PAV (86.5% similar) than NY-PAV is to two other isolates, serotyped as PAV, from Indiana (98% similar) or Australia (97% similar). In biological comparisons of PAV-129 and NY-PAV, the efficiency of transmission by two aphid species, Rhopalosiphum padi and Sitobion avenae, was not significantly different; however, PAV-129 caused more severe symptoms when inoculated to a variety of oat genotypes. In addition, the growth and grain yield of 'Ogle', a spring oat considered resistant to the BYDV PAV serotype was significantly reduced when infected with PAV-129. C1 CORNELL UNIV,USDA ARS,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 37 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD APR PY 1996 VL 86 IS 4 BP 370 EP 377 DI 10.1094/Phyto-86-370 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UD441 UT WOS:A1996UD44100007 ER PT J AU Mosier, AR Duxbury, JM Freney, JR Heinemeyer, O Minami, K AF Mosier, AR Duxbury, JM Freney, JR Heinemeyer, O Minami, K TI Nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural fields: Assessment, measurement and mitigation SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th Nitrogen Workshop on Progress in Nitrogen Cycling Studies CY SEP 05-08, 1994 CL UNIV GHENT, GHENT, BELGIUM HO UNIV GHENT DE dentrification; nitrification; nitrification inhibitors; N2O ID COATED CALCIUM CARBIDE; NITRIFICATION INHIBITORS; FERTILIZER NITROGEN; ANHYDROUS AMMONIA; GAS FLUXES; SOIL-WATER; DENITRIFICATION; N2O; NITRAPYRIN; ACETYLENE AB In this paper we discuss three topics concerning N2O emissions from agricultural systems. First, we present an appraisal of N2O emissions from agricultural soils (Assessment). Secondly, we discuss some recent efforts to improve N2O flux estimates in agricultural fields (Measurement), and finally, we relate recent studies which use nitrification inhibitors to decrease N2O emissions from N-fertilized fields (Mitigation). To assess the global emission of N2O from agricultural soils, the total flux should represent N2O from all possible sources; native soil N, N from recent atmospheric deposition, past years fertilization, N from crop residues, N2O from subsurface aquifers below the study area, and current N fertilization. Of these N sources only synthetic fertilizer and animal manures and the area of fields cropped with legumes have sufficient global data to estimate their input for N2O production. The assessment of direct and indirect N2O emissions we present was made by multiplying the amount of fertilizer N applied to agricultural lands by 2% and the area of land cropped to legumes by 4 kg N2O-N ha(-1). No regard to method of N application, type of N, crop, climate or soil was given in these calculations, because the data are not available to include these variables in large scale assessments. Improved assessments should include these variables and should be used to drive process models for field, area, region and global scales. Several N2O flux measurement techniques have been used in recent field studies which utilize small and ultralarge chambers and micrometeorological along with new analytical techniques to measure N2O fluxes. These studies reveal that it is not the measurement technique that is providing much of the uncertainty in N2O flux values found in the literature but rather the diverse combinations of physical and biological factors which control gas fluxes. A careful comparison of published literature narrows the range of observed fluxes as noted in the section on assessment. An array of careful field studies which compare a series of crops, fertilizer sources, and management techniques in controlled parallel experiments throughout the calendar year are needed to improve flux estimates and decrease uncertainty in prediction capability. There are a variety of management techniques which should conserve N and decrease the amount of N application needed to grow crops and to limit N2O emissions. Using nitrification inhibitors is an option for decreasing fertilizer N use and additionally directly mitigating N2O emissions. Case studies are presented which demonstrate the potential for using nitrification inhibitors to limit N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Inhibitors may be selected for climatic conditions and type of cropping system as well as the type of nitrogen (solid mineral N, mineral N in solution, or organic waste materials) and applied with the fertilizers. C1 CORNELL UNIV, ITHACA, NY USA. CSIRO, CANBERRA, ACT, AUSTRALIA. BFAL, BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY. JIRCAS, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, JAPAN. RP Mosier, AR (reprint author), USDA ARS, FT COLLINS, CO 80522 USA. RI Freney, John/E-9462-2011; OI Freney, John/0000-0001-7545-6529 NR 86 TC 221 Z9 234 U1 12 U2 100 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD APR PY 1996 VL 181 IS 1 BP 95 EP 108 DI 10.1007/BF00011296 PG 14 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA VG064 UT WOS:A1996VG06400013 ER PT J AU Wright, SF FrankeSnyder, M Morton, JB Upadhyaya, A AF Wright, SF FrankeSnyder, M Morton, JB Upadhyaya, A TI Time-course study and partial characterization of a protein on hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi during active colonization of roots SO PLANT AND SOIL LA English DT Article DE fungal protein; heat-stable protein; Glomales; vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ID F SP GLYCINEA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SOIL AGGREGATION; SHEATH; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; IDENTIFICATION; SCHIZOPHYLLUM; VISUALIZATION; BIPOLARIS; ROTTERS AB Material on the surface of hyphal walls of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) during active colonization of plant roots was detected by a monoclonal antibody. Pot-cultured isolates of Glomus, Acaulospora, Gigaspora, Scutellospora, and Entrophospora had immunofluorescent material (IM) on younger, thinner, intact hyphae, but IM was scant to absent on thicker, melanized or lysing hyphae. Colonization of corn (Zea mays L.), Sudangrass (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Staph.) or red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) was examined during 5 months of plant growth by removing cores and performing an indirect immunoassay on roots with attached hyphae. Fresh spores of some Glomus spp. had IM on the outer layer of the spore wall. Abundant IM was seen on root hairs of plants colonized by some isolates, and some IM was detected on root surfaces of all plants examined even during early colonization. After cultures were dried, hyphae, roots and spores had little to no IM. Uninoculated control roots had very rare, small patches of IM. An immunoreactive protein was extracted from hyphae of Gigaspora and Glomus isolates by using 20 mM citrate (pH 7.0) at 121 degrees C for 90 min. Gel electrophoresis profiles indicated that all isolates tested had the same banding patterns. Lectin-binding of extracted protein is suggestive of a glycoprotein. The immunofluorescence assay can be used to examine root sections for active colonization by AMF, and the potential use of the protein to quantify AMF activity in soil is discussed. C1 W VIRGINIA UNIV,DIV PLANT & SOIL SCI,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. RP Wright, SF (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SOIL MICROBIAL SYST LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 35 TC 150 Z9 173 U1 3 U2 27 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0032-079X J9 PLANT SOIL JI Plant Soil PD APR PY 1996 VL 181 IS 2 BP 193 EP 203 DI 10.1007/BF00012053 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA VK675 UT WOS:A1996VK67500003 ER PT J AU Smith, GA Campbell, LG AF Smith, GA Campbell, LG TI Association between resistance to Cercospora and yield in commercial sugarbeet hybrids SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Beta vulgaris; Cercospora beticola; disease resistance; host plant resistance; root yield ID USA AB This report documents the difficulty breeders have experienced in combining resistance to Cercospora leaf spot (causal agent Cercospora beticola Sacc.) with high yield in sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.). Forty commercial hybrids, all recommended for Cercospora-threat areas, were grown in a Cercospora-free and a diseased (inoculated) environment in 1991 and 1992. A 2.9 Mg/ha decrease in root yield associated with each increment increase in susceptibility confirmed that under a severe epiphytotic (1991) Cercospora resistance provided substantial protection. Under less-severe disease conditions (1992) there was no apparent relationship between yield and resistance, suggesting that the benefits of resistance were similar to the yield potential sacrificed to obtain the resistance. In the absence of the disease, root yields increased 2.7 Mg/ha for each increment of increased susceptibility. There was no evidence of association between sucrose concentration and resistance in the Cercospora-free environment. Despite the limited efforts and/or success in developing resistant commercial hybrids, the demonstrated ability of Cercospora to produce fungicide-resistant strains and the possibility that effective fungicides will not be available provide incentives to seek genetic resistance through breeding efforts. RP Smith, GA (reprint author), USDA ARS,NO CROP SCI LAB,FARGO,ND 58105, USA. NR 18 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL WISSENSCHAFTS-VERLAG GMBH PI BERLIN PA KURFURSTENDAMM 57, D-10707 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0179-9541 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD APR PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 28 EP 32 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00866.x PG 5 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA UH756 UT WOS:A1996UH75600006 ER PT J AU Oziel, A Hayes, PM Chen, FQ Jones, B AF Oziel, A Hayes, PM Chen, FQ Jones, B TI Application of quantitative trait locus mapping to the development of winter-habit malting barley SO PLANT BREEDING LA English DT Article DE Hordeum vulgare; malting quality; quantitative trait locus; orthologous genes; winterhardiness ID HORDEUM-VULGARE L; MOLECULAR MARKERS; PLANT IMPROVEMENT; MENDELIAN FACTORS; MAP; IDENTIFICATION; CONSTRUCTION; GENOME AB Malting quality and winter-hardiness in barley are 'ultimate' phenotypes composed of constituent quantitatively inherited traits. A synthesis of molecular-marker linkage data and field phenotyping to reveal the location of quantitative trait loci (QTL) may assist in the development of winter-habit malting barley varieties. One-hundred doubled haploid progeny from a winter x spring cross were evaluated under fall and spring-planted conditions. Malting quality phenotypes and a 76-point map were used to identify QTL and to assess the effect of spring- and autumn-sowing on QTL expression. Many QTL effects were common to both environments and corresponded to QTL detected in other barley germplasm. While there were significant differences in the magnitude of effects across environments, there were no changes in the favourable allele phase. QTL effects for grain protein and diastatic power level coincided with the locations of known function genes. Coincident QTL for a number of malting-quality traits on chromosome 7 suggests either the presence of a multi-locus cluster of genes controlling components of malting quality or a regulatory gene or genes controlling the cascade of enzymatic processes that function during the malting process. Based on these results, simultaneous selection for malting quality and cold tolerance should be possible in this genetic background. C1 USDA ARS, CEREAL CROPS RES UNIT, MADISON, WI USA. BEAN INTL RES & DEV, F-64600 CHOLSY LE ROI, FRANCE. RP Oziel, A (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV, DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI, CORVALLIS, OR 97331 USA. NR 35 TC 50 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0179-9541 EI 1439-0523 J9 PLANT BREEDING JI Plant Breed. PD APR PY 1996 VL 115 IS 1 BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0523.1996.tb00869.x PG 9 WC Agronomy; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA UH756 UT WOS:A1996UH75600009 ER PT J AU Rover, M Matzk, A Baker, B Schiemann, J Hehl, R AF Rover, M Matzk, A Baker, B Schiemann, J Hehl, R TI Inhibition of CAT enzyme activity in Arabidopsis thaliana SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE chloramphenicol acetyltransferase; transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana; transgenic Nicotiana tabacum; ELISA ID TI-PLASMID VECTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; TRANSFORMATION; PLANTS; ELECTROPORATION; PROTOPLASTS; SYSTEM; DNA AB Previously it was shown that transient chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) marker gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana and Nicotiana tabacum resulted in significant differences in the accumulation of the CAT reaction products in radioactive CAT assays. Compared to Nicotiana tabacum, conversion of chloramphenicol to the acetylated products in Arabidopsis thaliana extracts was rather low. Here we report that the low CAT enzyme activity can be attributed in part to a heat sensitive CAT inhibitory effect in extracts of Arabidopsis thaliana. CAT enzyme acitvity in transgenic tobacco is inhibited by extracts from Arabidopsis. This inhibitory effect diminishes when Arabidopsis extracts were heat incubated. CAT activity in transgenic Arabidopsis lines was very low and was only detected in heat incubated extracts. Alternatively, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) can be used to detect the CAT protein in transgenic Arabidopsis. C1 TECH UNIV CAROLO WILHELMINA BRAUNSCHWEIG, INST GENET, D-38106 BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY. BIOL BUNDESANSTALT LAND & FORSTWIRTSCHAFT, INST BIOCHEM & PFLANZENVIROL, D-38104 BRAUNSCHWEIG, GERMANY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, USDA ARS, CTR PLANT GENE EXPRESS, ALBANY, CA 94720 USA. RI Baker, Barbara/L-7198-2016; OI Baker, Barbara/0000-0002-1276-971X; Hehl, Reinhard/0000-0002-1550-3394 NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD APR PY 1996 VL 45 IS 1 BP 31 EP 36 DI 10.1007/BF00043425 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA UX503 UT WOS:A1996UX50300004 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, RS Stommel, JR Sinden, SL AF Kobayashi, RS Stommel, JR Sinden, SL TI Somatic hybridization between Solanum ochranthum and Lycopersicon esculentum SO PLANT CELL TISSUE AND ORGAN CULTURE LA English DT Article DE intergeneric hybrids; tomato; protoplast fusion ID HYBRID PLANTS; PROTOPLAST FUSION; POTATO; REGENERATION; TOMATO; RESISTANCE; VIABILITY; CULTURE; DNA AB Incorporation of genes from wild species has been a major contributor to tomato improvement in recent years. Solanum ochranthum, a woody vine-like tomato relative, is a potential source of resistance against tomato diseases and insect pests but is genetically isolated from tomato. Somatic hybridization methods were developed to facilitate the use of S. ochranthum for tomato germplasm improvement. Leaf mesophyll protoplasts of S. ochranthum and selected Lycopersicon esculentum genotypes were chemically fused with polyethylene glycol. The protoplasts were initially cultured in Shepard's CL, a Murashige and Skoog-based medium, containing 1 mg l(-1) NAA, 0.5 mg l(-1) N-6-benzyladenine and 0.5 mg l(-1) 2,4-dichlorophenony - acetic acid. Tetraploid and hexaploid hybrid regenerants and regenerants of an L. esculentum parent were recovered; S. ochranthum did not regenerate. Hybridity was established by morphological characters, peroxidase isozyme and RAPD markers. C1 USDA ARS, INST PLANT SCI, VEGETABLE LAB, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6857 J9 PLANT CELL TISS ORG JI Plant Cell Tissue Organ Cult. PD APR PY 1996 VL 45 IS 1 BP 73 EP 78 DI 10.1007/BF00043431 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Plant Sciences GA UX503 UT WOS:A1996UX50300010 ER PT J AU Wetzel, HC Dernoeden, PH Millner, PD AF Wetzel, HC Dernoeden, PH Millner, PD TI Identification of darkly pigmented fungi associated with turfgrass roots by mycelial characteristics and RAPD-PCR SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID LEPTOSPHAERIA-KORRAE; SP-NOV; MAGNAPORTHE-RHIZOPHILA; HYPHOPODIATE FUNGUS; ARBITRARY PRIMERS; UNITED-STATES; GRASS ROOTS; PATHOGENICITY; BERMUDAGRASS AB A select group of darkly pigmented turfgrass pathogens are referred to as ectotrophic root-infecting (ERI) fungi. Identification of ERI fungi, as well as darkly pigmented saprophytes, cannot be rapidly or reliably determined by traditional methods. The objectives of this study were (i) to determine if these darkly pigmented fungi could be presumptively identified by mycelial growth rates and characteristics, and (ii) to definitively identify these Fungi based on DNA products generated through random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction(PCR). Previously identified isolates of Gaeumannomyces cylindrosporus, G. graminis var. avenae, G. graminis var. graminis, G. incrustans, Magnaporthe poae, Ophiosphaerella herpotricha, O. korrae, and Phialophora graminicola were obtained. The species were separated into two groups based on their growth rate on half strength potato dextrose agar at 25 degrees C. Slower-growing species [(X) over bar = 2.5; range = 1.6 to 3.4 mm per day] were G. cylindrosporus, P. graminicola, O. herpotricha, and O. korrae, whereas fast-growing species [(X) over bar = 5.5; range = 3.2 to 6.6 mm per day] were G. graminis var. avenae, G. graminis var, graminis, G. incrustans, and M. pone. Colony characteristics and growth rate were valuable in presumptively distinguishing most species. For example, O. korrae colonies had distinctively raised or dome-shaped mycelium, whereas O. herpotricha isolates produced a brownish black colored exudate in the center of 2-week-old colonies. Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae isolates were separated from G. incrustans and M. pone based on their very slow growth at 30 degrees C. Initially, only single isolate of G. cylindrosporus, G. graminis var. avenae, G. graminis var. graminis, G. incrustans, M. poae, O. herpotricha, O. korrae, and P. graminicola were evaluated against 20 oligonucleotide primers (10-mers) for identifiable and reproducible DNA products. Primers were found that reliably produced bands unique to each species, excluding G. graminis var. graminis. Then, an additional 52 known ERI fungal isolates were screened against the species-specific 10-mers to confirm reproducibility and clarity of the DNA fingerprints. When fungal isolates were obtained from diseased turfgrass roots, clinical identification of ERI fungi was achieved in 2 to 3 weeks. C1 USDA ARS,SOIL MICROBIAL SYST LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Wetzel, HC (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT AGRON,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 29 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 359 EP 364 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UB570 UT WOS:A1996UB57000004 ER PT J AU Tapsoba, H Wilson, JP AF Tapsoba, H Wilson, JP TI Pathogenic variation in Puccinia substriata var indica in the southeastern United States and screening for resistance in pearl millet germ plasm SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RUST AB Rust caused by Puccinia substriata var. indica can be very damaging on pearl miller in the southeastern United States. Breeding rust-resistant pearl miller cultivars is complicated by unknown pathogenic variation in the pathogen population. In the present study, 15 single-uredinial isolates of the pathogen were evaluated for pathogenic variation on seedlings of 29 resistant pearl miller germ plasm lines. Eleven races were identified based on seedling reactions. The reaction of the races on the germ plasm lines ranged from virulence to 15 lines to virulence to all 29 lines. Although some lines were susceptible to all races, others were resistant to as many as seven races and constitute new potential sources for genetic resistance. Field studies conducted in 1993 and 1994 indicated that most of the 11 races are probably not yet predominant in the pathogen population at Tifton, Georgia, since some lines susceptible to many races showed low levels of disease in the field. These races will be important as tools for future screening in pearl miller germ plasm for additional sources of resistance to P. substriata var. indica. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,USDA ARS,FORAGE & TURF RES UNIT,TIFTON,GA 31793. RP Tapsoba, H (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ATHENS,GA 30602, USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 395 EP 397 PG 3 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UB570 UT WOS:A1996UB57000011 ER PT J AU Lee, GB Hartman, GL Lim, SM AF Lee, GB Hartman, GL Lim, SM TI Brown spot severity and yield of soybeans regenerated from calli resistant to a host-specific pathotoxin produced by Septoria glycines SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PLANTS; SELECTION; CULTURE; BLIGHT AB Regenerated soybean lines from the R(3) to R(7) generations were field-evaluated for their reactions to Septoria glycines, the brown spot pathogen, from 1991 to 1994. The regenerated lines from cvs. BSR201, Fayette, and L86P-1615 were selected from calli resistant to a host-specific pathotoxin produced by S. glycines. Selected resistant plants to the pathogen from the R, generation produced R(4) progeny that were resistant, intermediate and susceptible in their reaction to S, glycines in 1991. In 1992, 1993, and 1994 among the R(3) to R(7) generations, brown spot reaction was only intermediate and susceptible. F-3 families obtained from a cross between R(3) regenerants and BSR201 had low heritability (23%) for resistance to S. glycines. Lines in the R(5) or R(6) generation, obtained originally from plants regenerated from calli of BSR201 that had intermediate and susceptible reactions to S. glycines in 1992, and five commercial soybean cultivars were evaluated for brown spot resistance, maturity, and yield in 1993 and 1994. Area-under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), maturity, and yield varied among entries. The 10 lines selected with an intermediate reaction had lower AUDPC, matured later, and had higher yields than the nine susceptible lines. Three regenerated lines, 2728, 2733, and 2734, had significantly (P = 0.05) lower AUDPC, later maturity, and higher yields than the other regenerated lines. AUDPC was significantly (P = 0.01) negatively correlated to yield (r = -0.29), to plant height (r = -0.74) and number of nodes (r = -0.39); but positively correlated to pods having 0 seed (r = 0.44) and two seeds (r = 0.49). C1 UIUC,USDA ARS,CROP PROTECT RES UNIT,URBANA,IL 61801. UIUC,DEPT CROP SCI,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV ARKANSAS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 408 EP 413 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UB570 UT WOS:A1996UB57000014 ER PT J AU Alma, A Davis, RE Vibio, M Danielli, A Bosco, D Arzone, A Bertaccini, A AF Alma, A Davis, RE Vibio, M Danielli, A Bosco, D Arzone, A Bertaccini, A TI Mixed infection of grapevines in northern Italy by phytoplasmas including 16S rRNA RFLP subgroup 16SrI-B strains previously unreported in this host SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article DE molecular detection; mycoplasmalike organism (MLO); Vitis ID MYCOPLASMALIKE ORGANISMS MLOS; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSES; FLAVESCENCE-DOREE; YELLOWS DISEASE; CLASSIFICATION; RDNA; DNA AB Grapevine plants of cv. Chardonnay showing symptoms like those of flavescence doree disease in the field in Piemonte, Italy, contained phytoplasmas affiliated with two phylogenetically different 16S rRNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) groups. These phytoplas mas were detected and identified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S rDNA and by RFLP analysis of amplified DNA as strains belonging to group 16SrI (aster yellows and related phytoplasmas) and group 16SrV (elm yellows and related phytoplasmas). Thirteen of 16 tested plants contained group 16SrI strains. Twelve contained strains belonging to subgroup 16SrI-G (Italian periwinkle virescence and related phytoplasmas), and one contained only a strain belonging to subgroup 16SrI-B (Maryland aster yellows and related phytoplasmas). One plant that contained a subgroup 16SrI-G phytoplasma strains also contained a strain belonging to group 16SrV. Three plants were doubly infected by subgroup 16SrI-G strains and strains belonging to subgroup 16SrI-B. These results indicate susceptibility of grapevines to infection by three distinct phytoplasmas, and reveal for the first time grapevine infection by subgroup 16SrI-B phytoplasmas and mixed infection of single grapevine plants by strains in two different subgroups in group 16SrI. C1 USDA ARS,MOLEC PLANT PATHOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO ENTOMOL & ZOOL APPL AMBIENTE CARLO V,TURIN,ITALY. UNIV BOLOGNA,IST PATOL VEGETALE,BOLOGNA,ITALY. OI DANIELLI, ALBERTO/0000-0002-9414-9898; BOSCO, Domenico/0000-0003-3945-2752 NR 32 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 7 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 418 EP 421 PG 4 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UB570 UT WOS:A1996UB57000016 ER PT J AU ONeill, NR AF ONeill, NR TI Pathogenic variability and host resistance in the Colletotrichum trifolii Medicago sativa pathosystem SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RACE-2 ANTHRACNOSE; ALFALFA CULTIVARS; NORTH-CAROLINA; ARC AB Two hundred and fifty alfalfa cultivars currently grown in the U.S. were evaluated for their reaction to anthracnose caused by race 2 of Colletotrichum trifolii. Resistance was present in 30 cultivars, with seedling survival ranging from 20 to 68%. Three unusually highly virulent isolates of Colletotrichum collected from three locations were identified to species and race by morphological and cultural characteristics, and by reactions on host differential cvs. Are, Saranac, and Saranac AR. Isolates Arl-NW and SE-2 were characterized as C, trifolii isolates of races 1 and 2, respectively. The morphology of isolate 57RR was distinct from that of C. trifolii and C. destructivum, and most closely conformed to the composite group C. gloeosporioides. Resistance to these isolates was evaluated in 40 selected and race differential cultivars. Resistance to isolate Arl-NW was highly variable, with seedling survival ranging from 0 to 77.8%. The isolate was classified as race 1 based on reactions with standard check cultivars. Isolate 57RR was highly virulent to anthracnose-resistant alfalfa clones and cultivars in needle inoculation assays, and was highly virulent to Saranac AR, Are, and several race 2 resistant cultivars in seedling tests. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is reported as a new pathogen of alfalfa and should be considered a potential disease problem. The variability of resistance reactions in commercially grown alfalfa cultivars to diverse isolates of Colletotrichum suggests that these cultivars will be useful sources for different types of anthracnose resistance. RP ONeill, NR (reprint author), USDA ARS,SOYBEAN & ALFALFA RES LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 450 EP 457 PG 8 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UB570 UT WOS:A1996UB57000021 ER PT J AU Hurtt, SS Podleckis, EV Howell, WE AF Hurtt, SS Podleckis, EV Howell, WE TI Integrated molecular and biological assays for rapid detection of apple scar skin viroid in pear SO PLANT DISEASE LA English DT Article ID POME FRUIT VIROIDS; HOMOLOGY; DISEASE; AGENT AB A viroid in oriental pears (Pyrus hybrids) was associated with dappling, and cracking fruit symptoms in graft-inoculated Malus pumila cv. Lord Lambourne. The viroid hybridized with a cRNA probe to apple scar skin viroid (ASSVd). Detection of the viroid by hybridization assays of tissue blots gave erratic results when used with some pear cultivars. Two methods for improving detection of the pear viroid were compared. In the first, pear bark chips were graft-inoculated into a viroid ''amplification host'' which was then tested by tissue blot hybridization. Digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probe and an antidigoxigenin antibody conjugate were used with a chemiluminescent substrate for detection of viroid in the tissue blots. Greenhouse-grown Pyrus communis cv. Nouveau Poiteau and Malus pumila cv. Virginia Crab amplified ASSVd to levels that were detectable in tissue blots of shoots and leaf petioles, even though the leaves and shoots were symptomless. In the second method, pears were indexed on the ASSVd indicator plants Stark's Earliest and Sugar Crab apple grown in growth chambers under a 24-h photoperiod. ASSVd-infected apple and the infected pears induced similar symptoms of leaf epinasty in the indicators in 5 to 8 weeks. Although infection in pear was rapidly and reliably detected by both methods, tissue blot hybridization was faster. Inoculation of an amplification host was useful when numerous cultivars or genetically diverse plants were tested and genetically similar positive and negative control plants were unavailable. C1 USDA, APHIS, RIVERDALE, MD 20737 USA. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, IRRIGATED AGR RES & EXTENS CTR, PROSSER, WA 99350 USA. RP Hurtt, SS (reprint author), USDA ARS, BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR, NATL GERMPLASM RESOURCES LAB, BLDG 580, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0191-2917 J9 PLANT DIS JI PLANT DIS. PD APR PY 1996 VL 80 IS 4 BP 458 EP 462 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UB570 UT WOS:A1996UB57000023 ER PT J AU Lester, GE Eischen, F AF Lester, GE Eischen, F TI Beta-carotene content of postharvest orange-fleshed muskmelon fruit: Effect of cultivar, growing location and fruit size SO PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Beta-carotene; Cucumis melo L var reticulatus; cantaloupe; cultivar; fine sandy loam; muskmelon; moisture content; postharvest; silty clay loam ID STORAGE AB The influence of two growing locations (soil types), six fruit sizes, and two years on the postharvest Beta-carotene content of muskmelon (Cucumis melo L. var. reticulatus Naud) fruit was studied with two different cultivars. Fully abscised commercial size fruit: 9, 12, 15, 18, 23, and 30 (fruit/0.04 M(3) shipping box) had highly variable Beta-carotene contents (5.3 to 33.8 mu g/g fresh weight) that varied by size class, soil type and cultivar. Beta-carotene content increased with fruit size up to a maximum, though fruit size continued to increase. Find sandy loam soil produced fruit with less Beta-carotene content than silty clay loam soil. The cultivar Prime contained higher Beta-carotene content levels than cultivar Cruiser. Mesocarp percent moisture content for both 'Cruiser' and 'Primo' at both locations by fruit size was not significantly correlated (r = 0.40) with Beta-carotene content. Indicating fruit cell dilution may not contribute to the differences in Beta-carotene content in different fruit size classes. Beta-carotene content of size class '18' fruit from six cultivars grown on the silty clay loam soil for two consecutive years, showed a year, and year by cultivar effect for some cultivars. Whereas, some cultivars did not differ in Beta-carotene content between the two years. This indicates a potential for controlling Beta-carotene content of muskmelon fruit at a constant, high level by careful selection of production cultivar. RP Lester, GE (reprint author), USDA ARS,SUBTROP AGR RES LAB,2301 S INT BLVD,WESLACO,TX 78596, USA. NR 14 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-9668 J9 PLANT FOOD HUM NUTR JI Plant Food Hum. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 49 IS 3 BP 191 EP 197 DI 10.1007/BF01093215 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences; Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Plant Sciences; Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA VB286 UT WOS:A1996VB28600003 PM 8865328 ER PT J AU Hartman, GL Sinclair, JB AF Hartman, GL Sinclair, JB TI Red leaf blotch (Dactuliochaeta glycines) of soybeans (Glycine max) and its relationship to yield SO PLANT PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROWN SPOT; RUST AB Red leaf blotch of soybeans, caused by Dactuliochaeta glycines, was evaluated on soybean plants in field plots located in Zambia. Two experiments were conducted in each of two seasons. Experiment 1 had four cultivars that were either fungicide-sprayed or not sprayed. Disease severity was greatest on leaves at the lowest nodes from early vegetative through the reproductive growth stages. Area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values and percentage of nodes defoliated at growth stage R5 were significantly (P = 0.05) greater in unsprayed plots for all cultivars in both seasons. Yield losses ranged from 8 to 37% while reduced seed size ranged from 21 to 29% for the four cultivars. Number of pods per plant in fungicide-sprayed plots did not differ from those in unsprayed plots. However, the number of seeds per plant and seeds per pod were significantly (P = 0.05) greater in sprayed than unsprayed plots for some cultivars. In experiment 2, cultivar Tunia was either fungicide-sprayed at different times or not sprayed. The lowest attached leaf had the most variation in the amount of disease while ratings of the most median leaf in the canopy were generally less variable. The AUDPC values calculated from the lowest attached leaf, the mean of all attached leaves, and the median attached leaf differed significantly (P = 0.05) the number of times plants were sprayed with fungicide. Defoliation and vertical incidence of red leaf blotch from lower to higher nodes were significantly (P = 0.05) reduced in fungicide-sprayed plots in one season, but not the other. One thousand-seed weight and yield differed significantly (P = 0.05) with treatment as one application of triphenyltin acetate increased yields by 18% over unsprayed plots in season 1. One thousand-seed weight and yield, regressed on the AUDPC for the median leaf in the canopy, explained 92. and 72% of the variation, respectively. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Hartman, GL (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0032-0862 J9 PLANT PATHOL JI Plant Pathol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 45 IS 2 BP 332 EP 343 DI 10.1046/j.1365-3059.1996.d01-122.x PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UE886 UT WOS:A1996UE88600019 ER PT J AU Fisher, RH Barton, MK Cohen, JD Cooke, TJ AF Fisher, RH Barton, MK Cohen, JD Cooke, TJ TI Hormonal studies of fass, an Arabidopsis mutant that is altered in organ elongation SO PLANT PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AUXIN POLAR TRANSPORT; ETHYLENE; EMBRYO; THALIANA; GENE; EMBRYOGENESIS; PATHWAY AB We have isolated an allele of fass, an Arabidopsis thaliana mutation that separates plant development and organ differentiation from plant elongation, and studied its hormonal regulation. Microsurgically isolated fass roots elongate 2.5 times as much as the roots on intact mutant plants. Wild-type heart embryos, when cultured with a strong auxin, naphthaleneacetic acid, phenocopy fass embryos. fass seedlings contain variable levels of free auxin, which average 2.5 times higher than wild-type seedling levels, and fass seedlings evolve 3 times as much ethylene as wild-type seedlings on a per-plant basis over a 24-h period. The length-to-width ratios of fass seedlings can be changed by several compounds that affect their endogenous ethylene levels, but fass is epistatic to etr1, an ethylene-insensitive mutant. fass's high levels of free auxin may be inducing its high levels of ethylene, which may, in turn, result in the fass phenotype. We postulate that FASS may be acting as a negative regulator to maintain wild-type auxin levels and that the mutation may be in an auxin-conjugating enzyme. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT GENET,MADISON,WI 53706. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,HORT CROPS QUAL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Fisher, RH (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PLANT BIOL,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. OI Cohen, Jerry/0000-0003-2816-8676 NR 42 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PLANT PHYSIOLOGISTS PI ROCKVILLE PA 15501 MONONA DRIVE, ROCKVILLE, MD 20855 SN 0032-0889 J9 PLANT PHYSIOL JI Plant Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 BP 1109 EP 1121 PG 13 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA UF334 UT WOS:A1996UF33400009 ER PT J AU Wang, CY AF Wang, CY TI Temperature preconditioning affects ascorbate antioxidant system in chilled zucchini squash SO POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chilling injury; temperature preconditioning; ascorbate; zucchini squash; Cucurbita pepo ID FREE-RADICAL REDUCTASE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ENZYME; PURIFICATION; METABOLISM; INJURY AB Preconditioning of zucchini squash (Cucurbita pepo L., cv. Elite) at a temperature of 15 degrees C for 2 days prior to storage at 5 degrees C reduced the development of chilling injury symptoms and affected the activities of ascorbate related enzymes, ascorbate free radical reductase, ascorbate peroxidase, and dehydroascorbate reductase, Ascorbic acid content in control squash decreased after 2 days of exposure to 5 degrees C. In squash treated with temperature preconditioning, ascorbic acid content also declined but to a lesser extent. There was no significant change in dehydroascorbic acid content in either control or treated squash during storage at 5 degrees C. The activities of these enzymes in the ascorbate metabolic system increased initially for 4-8 days during storage, then declined thereafter. These enzyme activities remained higher in the temperature-conditioned squash than in the untreated squash. These results indicate that the enhancement of chilling resistance in squash by temperature preconditioning may also involve changes in the enzyme activities in the ascorbate antioxidant system. RP Wang, CY (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,HORT CROPS QUAL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 18 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-5214 J9 POSTHARVEST BIOL TEC JI Postharvest Biol. Technol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 29 EP 36 DI 10.1016/0925-5214(95)00061-5 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Food Science & Technology; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA UF268 UT WOS:A1996UF26800004 ER PT J AU Rath, NC Huff, WE Balog, JM Bayyari, GR AF Rath, NC Huff, WE Balog, JM Bayyari, GR TI Effect of gonadal steroids on bone and other physiological parameters of male broiler chickens SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sex steroids; blood chemistries; organ weights; bone enzymes; bone strength ID ESTROGEN; PROGESTERONE; TESTOSTERONE; COLLAGEN; GROWTH AB Comparative studies of the effects of estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, cholesterol, and megestrol on juvenile chickens were carried out to determine their effects on bone and other physiological parameters. The chickens were implanted at 6 wk of age with ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers containing steroids equivalent to a weekly dose of 10 mg/kg body weight for 3 consecutive wk. Estradiol caused a gain in body weight and relative liver weight but suppressed the growth of comb and testis. It also increased several serum variables, including triglycerides, cholesterol, calcium, phosphorus, and iron, and reduced testosterone levels. Testosterone produced an increase in comb weight and decreased both testicular and bursal weights. Growths of testis and comb were suppressed in progesterone-implanted chickens, as was the level of serum testosterone. Megestrol stimulated liver growth and increased serum testosterone levels. The lengths, relative weights, diaphyseal diameters, and ash percentages of both femur and tibia did not change significantly due to any treatment except that estradiol reduced tibial weight. Both progesterone and megestrol increased fibular growth plate alkaline and tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase activities. Other steroids did not affect these or the levels of calcium and of phosphorus of the fibular growth plate. Only testosterone caused a marked increase in the breaking strengths of both femur and tibia in all three parameters, i.e., load at yield, Young's modulus, and stress at yield responses. These findings suggest that the effects of steroids on bone in juvenile chickens may be limited. RP Rath, NC (reprint author), UNIV ARKANSAS,USDA,ARS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701, USA. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSN INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61802 SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 75 IS 4 BP 556 EP 562 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA UE391 UT WOS:A1996UE39100019 PM 8786949 ER PT J AU Mcmurtry, JP Richards, MP Brocht, DM Schoen, T Waldbillig, R AF Mcmurtry, JP Richards, MP Brocht, DM Schoen, T Waldbillig, R TI Developmental changes in serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding proteins in the turkey embryo SO POULTRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE growth; poultry; insulin; ligand ID SHELL-LESS CULTURE; CHICKEN; ACID AB The ontogeny of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and ontogeny as well as the molecular nature of the insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP) as they relate to embryogenesis and posthatch growth in the turkey have not been reported. In this study, serum samples were harvested from turkey embryos incubated under shell-less and shelled conditions from Day 12 to 28 of incubation. Samples from 3, 6, and 8 wk posthatch were also evaluated. Significant changes in serum IGF-I in shelled embryos were observed in that IGF-I was low in early incubation, peaked at mid-incubation, and returned to levels equivalent to early incubation at hatching. No mid-embryogenesis (Days 14 to 18) increase in serum IGF-I was noted in the shell-less cultures. Embryo weights diverge at Day 18 of incubation, with shell-less embryos being significantly lighter than their age-matched shelled embryos, suggesting a possible relationship between total circulating IGF-I and body weight gain. Three distinct IGFBP were identified in serum from turkey embryos, exhibiting molecular weights of 27, 29, and 69 kDa. During embryonic development, the 29 kDa IGFBP appeared to be the predominant species, with levels peaking on Day 24 of incubation, and being minimally detectable at hatching. Ontogeny of the 29 kDa IGFBP was similar in the shelled and shell-less embryos. The 69-kDa IGFBP-Like protein did not appear in the circulation until late in embryogenesis, Day 22 in shell-less and Day 26 in shelled embryos. The 27-kDa IGFBP appeared in late incubation. Similar IGFBP (28, 30, and 69 kDa) were observed in the growing male turkey. The 69-kDa protein did not vary across ages studied, whereas the 28-kDa IGFBP appeared to increase with age. This is the first report describing serum IGF-I and IGFBP in the developing turkey. Turkey IGFBP appear to be regulated by independent events during incubation and posthatch growth. C1 NEI,NIH,RETINAL CELL & MOLEC BIOL LAB,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP Mcmurtry, JP (reprint author), ARS,USDA,GROWTH BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 26 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU POULTRY SCIENCE ASSN INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61802 SN 0032-5791 J9 POULTRY SCI JI Poult. Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 75 IS 4 BP 563 EP 569 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science SC Agriculture GA UE391 UT WOS:A1996UE39100020 PM 8786950 ER PT J AU Woodley, NE AF Woodley, NE TI A review of the genus Chrysotus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Bermuda SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Diptera; Dolichopodidae; Chrysotus; Bermuda AB The four species of the genus Chrysotus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) found in Bermuda are taxonomically reviewed. Chrysotus hilburni, new species is described, males of C. bermudensis Johnson are described for the first time, and C. magnipalpus Van Duzee, 1927 is a new synonym of C. crosbyi Van Duzee, 1924. RP Woodley, NE (reprint author), USDA ARS, PSI, SYST ENTOMOL LAB, MUSEUM NATL HIST NAT, MRC 168, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA. RI Woodley, Norman/M-6160-2014 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 199 EP 207 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UJ650 UT WOS:A1996UJ65000004 ER PT J AU Nakahara, S AF Nakahara, S TI Xerothrips dissimilis new genus and species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) from California and Nevada SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Thysanoptera; Thripidae; Xerothrips; dissimilis; internal gland AB A new genus Xerothrips and new species dissimilis are described from California and Nevada. An unusual internal gland in abdominal segment III of the males of dissimilis and a similar gland previously reported in other species are discussed. RP Nakahara, S (reprint author), USDA ARS,PSI,SYST ENTOMOL LAB,10300 BALTIMORE AVE,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 208 EP 214 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UJ650 UT WOS:A1996UJ65000005 ER PT J AU Gagne, RJ AF Gagne, RJ TI A new species of Dasineura (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) infesting pinxterbloom azalea flowers in Maryland and Washington, DC SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE gall midge; Dasineura; pinxterbloom; Rhododendron AB A gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) new to science, described and named here as Dasineura praecox, destroys the flower buds of pinxterbloom, Rhododendron periclymenoides (Ericaceae). Its biology is unique for Dasineura because adults emerge and oviposit in autumn instead of in spring. Larvae pass the winter as pharate larvae and begin to feed in late winter before the ground is unfrozen. RP Gagne, RJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,PSI,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,MRC 168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 228 EP 232 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UJ650 UT WOS:A1996UJ65000008 ER PT J AU Grissell, EE Foster, MS AF Grissell, EE Foster, MS TI A new Bephratelloides (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) from seeds of Cymbopetalum (Annonaceae) in Mexico SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Hymenoptera; Eurytomidae; Bephratelloides ablusus; new species; Cymbopetalum mayanum; Annona; Annonaceae; seed AB Bephratelloides ablusus Grissell and Foster, new species, is described and illustrated based upon specimens that emerged from seeds of Cymbopetalum mayanum (Annonaceae) in southern Mexico. This is the first species of Bephratelloides that is associated with a host other than Annona. Bephratelloides ablusus is compared with its congeners from which it differs in minor character states. No external morphological characteristics suggest a specialized association with Cymbopetalum. RP Grissell, EE (reprint author), USDA ARS,PSI,SYSTEMST ENTOMOL LAB,NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,MRC 168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 256 EP 263 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UJ650 UT WOS:A1996UJ65000013 ER PT J AU Smith, DR AF Smith, DR TI Aulacidae (hymenoptera) in the mid-Atlantic states, with a key to species of eastern North America SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE Aulacus; Pristaulacus; parasitoids; Xiphydriidae; Buprestidae; Cerambycidae AB Sixteen species of Aulacidae occur in eastern North America, 15 of which are found in the mid-Atlantic region, six species of Aulacus, including A. schiffi, n. sp., from Maryland, and nine species of Pristaulacus. Known hosts are wood-boring Coleoptera and Hymenoptera. A key is given for the species of eastern North America, and seasonal flight activity, distributions, and hosts are presented for each species occurring in the mid-Atlantic states. This study is based on 790 specimens of 13 species collected at ten sites in Maryland, Virginia, and West Virginia. RP Smith, DR (reprint author), NATL MUSEUM NAT HIST,USDA ARS,PSI,SYSTEMAT ENTOMOL LAB,MRC 168,WASHINGTON,DC 20560, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD APR PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 274 EP 291 PG 18 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA UJ650 UT WOS:A1996UJ65000016 ER PT J AU Cao, GH Giovanoni, M Prior, RL AF Cao, GH Giovanoni, M Prior, RL TI Antioxidant capacity in different tissues of young and old rats SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-A; ASSAY; PEROXIDATION; PROTEINS; FLUIDS AB The antioxidant capacity in heart, liver, lung, and kidney was studied in young (6 months) and old (22 months) male Fischer 344 rats, using the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay system with two different reactive oxygen species (Res) generators, The results indicated that liver in old rats had significantly lower peroxyl radical absorbance capacity (ORAC(ROO.), units/g wet wt), but higher hydroxyl radical absorbance capacity (ORAC(OH.), units/mg protein) than in young rats, The decreased liver ORAC(ROO.) in the old rats was mainly due to the loss of cytosol protein, while the increased liver ORAC(OH.) in the old rats was a result of an increased resistance of cytosol proteins to the attack of Res, This conclusion was further supported by the finding that the contribution of nonprotein fraction of liver cytosol to the ORAC(OH.) of the cytosol decreased with age. No effect of age was found on either ORAC(ROO.) or ORAC(OH.) in other tissues. The antioxidant capacity for both ORAC(ROO.) and ORAC(OH.), was usually high in liver and kidney but low in lung and heart. C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. RP Cao, GH (reprint author), TUFTS UNIV,USDA ARS,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111, USA. NR 21 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD APR PY 1996 VL 211 IS 4 BP 359 EP 365 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA UD687 UT WOS:A1996UD68700008 PM 8618942 ER PT J AU Johnson, CK Vigil, MF Doxtader, KG Beard, WE AF Johnson, CK Vigil, MF Doxtader, KG Beard, WE TI Measuring bacterial and fungal substrate-induced respiration in dry soils SO SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL BIOMASS; MATHEMATICAL-ANALYSIS; INHIBITORS; CURVES AB The substrate-induced respiration inhibition (SIRIN) method of Anderson and Domsch for partitioning bacterial and fungal contributions to soil respiration was modified for application to dry soils. This new method also provided a comparative basis when measuring SIRIN in soils of different moisture contents. Soil was incubated under optimum moisture conditions (55% water-filled pore space) to maximize microbial activity and to ensure homogeneous incorporation of substrate and inhibitors into soil. Soil samples were packed to a uniform bulk density prior to measurement of CO2 evolution by gas chromatography. Glucose (3 mg g(-1)) was added together with streptomycin (0.5 or 1.0 mg g(-1)) and/or cycloheximide (15 mg g(-1)) for selective respiratory inhibition. The procedure included conditioning for 16 h at 4 degrees C, followed by 1.5-h equilibration and 2-h incubation. The method yielded consistent and reproducible CO2 respiration measurements for soils from a semi-arid region having gravimetric moisture contents ranging between 7.5 and 23.2%. Method sensitivity was not sufficient to detect variations in the fungal-to-bacterial ratio due to management practice for the soil under study. Measured fungal-to-bacterial ratios of 29:1 and 15:1, for conventionally and no-till managed soil, were not significantly different at a probability level of 5%. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT SOIL & CROP SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP Johnson, CK (reprint author), USDA ARS,CENT GREAT PLAINS RES STN,AKRON,CO 80720, USA. NR 17 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0038-0717 J9 SOIL BIOL BIOCHEM JI Soil Biol. Biochem. PD APR-MAY PY 1996 VL 28 IS 4-5 BP 427 EP 432 DI 10.1016/0038-0717(96)00004-1 PG 6 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA UU399 UT WOS:A1996UU39900001 ER PT J AU Mohanty, BP Horton, R Ankeny, MD AF Mohanty, BP Horton, R Ankeny, MD TI Infiltration and macroporosity under a row crop agricultural field in a glacial till soil SO SOIL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TENSION INFILTROMETER; MESOPOROSITY AB Previous field-scale infiltration studies showed difference in the magnitude and the trend of spatial variation of infiltration rates hinder different soil water tensions. In different studies the differences in infiltration rates are caused by management practices, relative field positions, and soil and topographic setups, hence warranting further site-specific infiltration studies. In this study, variability in infiltration rate (I-psi) at four soil water pressure heads, psi, were investigated in a no-tillage agricultural field under corn rows, nontrafficked interrows, and trafficked interrows in a central Iowan glacial till soil. Automated disc infiltrometers were used to measure infiltration at 0-, 30-, 60-, and 150-mm tensions at 296 sites arranged on two parallel transects perpendicular to corn rows. Mean infiltration rates at different soil water tensions were found maximum under corn row, minimum for trafficked interrow, and intermediate for nontrafficked interrow positions. Maximum variability was found for larger pores (those conducing water at 0-mm tension) under all three surface positions (corn row, CV = 85%; trafficked interrow, CV = 95%; nontrafficked interrow, CV = 124%). Infiltration at saturation (0-mm tension) showed a different scale of heterogeneity than infiltration at other (30-, 60-, and 150-mm) tensions, and approximately 90% of the saturated flux moves through macropores (>1-mm diameter) that constitute less than 3% of the total surface area at three field positions. Spatial analysis of I-psi, indicated a larger proportion of random variations under all three held positions in the glacial till soil. In addition to the large random noise, a small spatial structure of 7.6 to 11.4-m range was found for I-psi (at all four tensions) under corn row position, and only for I-150 under (nontrafficked and trafficked) interrow positions. C1 USDA ARS,US SALIN LAB,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. DANIEL B STEPHENS & ASSOCIATES INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87109. RP Mohanty, BP (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT AGRON,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 15 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0038-075X J9 SOIL SCI JI Soil Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 161 IS 4 BP 205 EP 213 DI 10.1097/00010694-199604000-00001 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA UF616 UT WOS:A1996UF61600001 ER PT J AU Unger, PW AF Unger, PW TI Soil hulk density, penetration resistance, and hydraulic conductivity under controlled traffic conditions SO SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE bulk density; penetration resistance; hydraulic conductivity; conservation tillage; conventional tillage; no-tillage; controlled traffic ID TILLAGE; COMPACTION; SYSTEMS; GROWTH; WHEAT; ZERO AB Adverse soil physical conditions that limit soil water infiltration, root development, and crop yield could develop when using a no-tillage system, especially in humid regions or for irrigated crops. This study determined the effects of tillage treatments and controlled traffic on soil bulk density (BD), penetration resistance (PR), hydraulic conductivity (HC), water content, and organic matter concentration. Treatments were no-tillage with residues left standing (NT-ResSt) or shredded (NT-ResSh), and no-tillage after wheat and conventional tillage after sorghum (NT-CT). Determinations were made at traffic furrow, non-traffic furrow, and row positions after grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) harvest in 1992. The grain sorghum had been grown in rotation with winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under limited irrigation conditions on Pullman clay loam (Torrertic Paleustoll) at Bushland, Texas, from 1986 to 1992. Tillage treatments did not significantly (P = 0.05) affect any determined variable. Mean PR was greatest (1.23 MPa) in the traffic furrow, but sampling position did not affect BD. Differences in HC were significant (P = 0.05) only due to sampling depth, but tended to be greater in row than in furrow positions and with the NT-CT treatment than with other treatments. These results show that adverse soil physical condition (increased BD and PR) development is limited to designated traffic zones when using no-tillage for irrigated crop production. RP Unger, PW (reprint author), USDA ARS,CONSERVAT & PROD RES LAB,BUSHLAND,TX 79012, USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-1987 J9 SOIL TILL RES JI Soil Tillage Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1016/0167-1987(95)00508-0 PG 9 WC Soil Science SC Agriculture GA UT024 UT WOS:A1996UT02400006 ER PT J AU Willett, JL AF Willett, JL TI Effect of density on melt viscosity calculations SO STARCH-STARKE LA English DT Article ID CORN MEAL; SLIT DIE; EXTRUSION; RHEOLOGY AB Previous studies of starch viscosity during extrusion have been made without detailed data on the density of starch/water systems, at the temperatures and pressures common to extrusion. Density data are needed to convert the extruder mass output into volumetric output for calculations of shear rates. Earlier studies have assumed constant density, despite changes in temperature, pressure, and moisture content. Using recently published data on starch density, it is shown that density corrections have minimal impact on results compared to the constant density assumption. The power law index remains unchanged, and changes in the consistency are within experimental error. The choice of a reference density is the determining factor in shear rate calculations. Similar results are obtained for low density polyethylene, and, by extension, other polymer melts. RP Willett, JL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,1815 N UNIV ST,PEORIA,IL 61604, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0038-9056 J9 STARCH-STARKE JI Starch-Starke PD APR PY 1996 VL 48 IS 4 BP 154 EP 156 DI 10.1002/star.19960480406 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA UQ096 UT WOS:A1996UQ09600005 ER PT J AU Lamboy, WF AF Lamboy, WF TI Morphological characters, polytomies, and homoplasy indices: Response SO SYSTEMATIC BOTANY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHYLOGENETIC TREES; CONSISTENCY INDEX; RETENTION INDEX; EXCESS; INFORMATION; ACCURACY; RATIOS AB This commentary responds to Wrens and Hillis' critique of a simulation study I conducted that examined the ability of maximum parsimony to find the true tree when morphological characters were used in the phylogenetic analysis. It rebuts all the main criticisms of those authors, and in the process: 1) emphasizes significant differences between morphological characters and other types of discrete character data; 2) explains why my study was necessary and why it still remains the only study to dale that has examined the unconfounded effects of seven important parameters on the accuracy of maximum parsimony with morphological characters; 3) recognizes and explains the significant and relevant differences between the evolutionary trees that are generated by nature and the corresponding phylogenetic trees that are generated by humans (and cladistic computer programs); 4) properly interprets and stresses the importance of and the necessity for polytomies in phylogenetic trees; 5) examines properties of several indices of homoplasy, including the consistency index and a new index that I considered for use in my simulation study, the restricted homoplasy index; 6) exposes the logical flaws in some statistical methods that are used for assigning support or confidence to nodes or branches of a phylogenetic tree, and 7) points out several instances where Wiens and Hillis attribute to me statements I never made. I stand by every point I made in the original paper. C1 CORNELL UNIV,USDA ARS,PLANT GENET RESOURCES UNIT,GENEVA,NY 14456. RP Lamboy, WF (reprint author), CORNELL UNIV,DEPT HORT SCI,GENEVA,NY 14456, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PLANT TAXONOMISTS PI BRONX PA NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, BRONX, NY 10458-5126 SN 0363-6445 J9 SYST BOT JI Syst. Bot. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 21 IS 2 BP 243 EP 253 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology SC Plant Sciences; Evolutionary Biology GA VV406 UT WOS:A1996VV40600009 ER PT J AU Korteoja, MJ Lukkarinen, A Kaski, K Gunderson, DE Dahlke, JL Niskanen, KJ AF Korteoja, MJ Lukkarinen, A Kaski, K Gunderson, DE Dahlke, JL Niskanen, KJ TI Local strain fields in paper SO TAPPI JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE computer programs; elastic strength; flocs; formation; mechanical properties; paper grades; paper properties; plastic deformation; simulation; strains AB When a paper specimen is strained microscopic ruptures give rise to plastic deformations. These deformations can be made visible by silicone impregnation. We show that the plastic deformations or strains are nonuniform on the microscopic and macroscopic scale. Large fractions of a typical paper specimen do not enter the plastic region before rupture, even though the macroscopic behavior may be highly plastic. Computer simulations are employed to evaluate the macroscopic strain variations and the changes in paper properties that are induced by formation-type disorder. We show that increasing disorder reduces the number of plastic yield sites. C1 KCL PAPER SCI CTR,ESPOO,FINLAND. USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Korteoja, MJ (reprint author), TAMPERE UNIV TECHNOL,TAMPERE,FINLAND. RI Kaski, Kimmo/G-8067-2012 NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU TECH ASSN PULP PAPER IND INC PI NORCROSS PA 15 TECHNOLOGY PARK SOUTH, NORCROSS, GA 30092 SN 0734-1415 J9 TAPPI J JI TAPPI J. PD APR PY 1996 VL 79 IS 4 BP 217 EP 223 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Materials Science GA UD504 UT WOS:A1996UD50400022 ER PT J AU Spooner, DM Tivang, J Nienhuis, J Miller, JT Douches, DS Contreras, A AF Spooner, DM Tivang, J Nienhuis, J Miller, JT Douches, DS Contreras, A TI Comparison of four molecular markers in measuring relationships among the wild potato relatives Solanum section Etuberosum (subgenus Potatoe) SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article DE genetic distance; potato; RAPD; RFLP; Solanum section Etuberosum ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; GERMPLASM COLLECTING EXPEDITION; CHLOROPLAST DNA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; RAPD MARKERS; RESTRICTION; SOLANACEAE; NUCLEAR; PETOTA; VARIABILITY AB We evaluated chloroplast DNA (cpDNA), isozymes, single to low-copy nuclear DNA (RFLPs), and random amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in terms of concordance for genetic distance of 15 accessions each of Solanum etuberosum and S. palustre, and 4 accessions of S. fernandezianum. These self-compatible, diploid (2n=24), and morphologically very similar taxa constitute all species in Solanum sect. Etuberosum, a group of nontuber-bearing species closely related to Solanum sect. Petota (the potato and its wild relatives). Genetic distance and multidimensional scaling results show general concordance of isozymes, RFLPs and RAPDs between all three taxa; cpDNA shows S. etuberosum and S. palustre to be more similar to each other than to S. fernandezianum. Interspecific sampling variance shows a gradation of resolution from allozyme (low) to RAPD to RFLP (high); while intraspecific comparisons graded from RFLPs (low) to RAPDs (high; lack of sufficient allozyme variability within species precluded comparisons for allozymes). Experimental error was low in RFLPs and RAPDs. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,MADISON,WI 53706. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & SOIL SCI,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV AUSTRAL CHILE,INST PROD & SANIDAD VEGETAL,VALDIVIA,CHILE. RP Spooner, DM (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HORT,USDA ARS,VEGETABLE CROPS RES UNIT,1575 LINDEN DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. RI Miller, Joe/D-2729-2009; Miller, Joe/M-2693-2016 OI Miller, Joe/0000-0002-5788-9010 NR 53 TC 77 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 1996 VL 92 IS 5 BP 532 EP 540 PG 9 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA UH662 UT WOS:A1996UH66200006 PM 24166320 ER PT J AU Brown, CR Yang, CP Mojtahedi, H Santo, GS Masuelli, R AF Brown, CR Yang, CP Mojtahedi, H Santo, GS Masuelli, R TI RFLP analysis of resistance to Columbia root-knot nematode derived from Solanum bulbocastanum in a BC2 population SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS LA English DT Article DE wild species; introgression; Meloidogyne chitwoodi; gene mapping; potato resistance breeding; QTL ID FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISMS; GENE CONFERRING RESISTANCE; REPRODUCTIVE EFFICIENCY; GLOBODERA-ROSTOCHIENSIS; MELOIDOGYNE-CHITWOODI; PLASMID DNA; POTATO; MARKERS; TOMATO; MAPS AB The mapping of resistance to Meloidogyne chitwoodi derived from Solanum bulbocastanum is reported. A population suitable for mapping was developed as follows. A somatic hybrid of nematode-resistant S. bulbocastanum and cultivated tetraploid potato was produced. This was backcrossed to tetraploid potato, and a single resistant BC1 was selected and backcrossed again to the same recurrent tetraploid parent. The mapping population consisted of 64 BC2 progeny scored for restriction fragment length polymorphic (RFLP) markers and 62 of these were evaluated for the reproductive efficiency of race 1 of M. chitwoodi. Forty-eight polymorphic RFLP markers, originally derived from tomato and mapped in diploid cultivated potato, were assigned to 12 chromosomes of S. bulbocastanum. Of the 62 progeny screened for nematode resistance, 18 were non-hosts and four were poor hosts. The rest were highly susceptible (good hosts). Analysis of the resistance (including non-hosts and poor hosts) as both a qualitative trait and as a meristic trait on which QTL analysis was applied supported the same genetic hypothesis. Genetic control was localized solely to factor(s) lying at one end of chromosome 11. The level of expression of resistance in the S. bulbocastanum parent and the resistant portion of the BC2 was essentially the same. This fact, together with the highly significant LOD scores for one end of the chromosome-11 marker array, supports a genetic model equivalent to monogenic dominant control. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,CTR IRRIGATED AGR RES & EXTENS CTR,PROSSER,WA 99350. UNIV NACL CUYO,MENDOZA,ARGENTINA. RP Brown, CR (reprint author), USDA ARS,24106 N BUNN RD,PROSSER,WA 99350, USA. NR 32 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0040-5752 J9 THEOR APPL GENET JI Theor. Appl. Genet. PD APR PY 1996 VL 92 IS 5 BP 572 EP 576 PG 5 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Horticulture SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences; Genetics & Heredity GA UH662 UT WOS:A1996UH66200011 PM 24166325 ER PT J AU Garner, DL Johnson, LA Allen, CH Palencia, DD Chambers, CS AF Garner, DL Johnson, LA Allen, CH Palencia, DD Chambers, CS TI Comparison of seminal quality in Holstein bulls as yearlings and as mature sires SO THERIOGENOLOGY LA English DT Article DE spermatozoa; maturation; bull; flow cytometry; SYBR-14 fluorescent-staining AB Semen quality was compared in 5 Holstein bulls from samples collected as young sires (yearlings) and again as mature bulls after a mean interval of 1,265 d. At both sampling periods, the semen was examined for ejaculate volume, sperm numbers, post-thaw progressive motility and sperm viability. Sperm viability was assessed on cryopreserved samples with fluorescent SYBR-14 to stain living spermatozoa and propidium iodide (PI) to identify dead spermatozoa. The fluorescent populations of stained spermatozoa were quantified by flow cytometry. The percentages of living spermatozoa for the individual bulls, as determined by green fluorescence of SYBR-14, ranged from 44 +/- 3.1 to 54 +/- 0.3 for yearlings, and from 38 +/- 1.5 to 55 +/- 1.0 for mature sires. No differences in sperm viability were found between samples taken from yearling bulls and those of mature bulls. The percentage of spermatozoa stained with SYBR-14 was negatively correlated (r = -0.97; P = 0.0001) with the percentage of dead spermatozoa as indicated by PI staining. Comparisons of identical samples run on 2 different flow cytometers indicated that either flow instrument could be used to assess sperm viability. Although the individual bulls differed (P < 0.05) in ejaculate volume and sperm numbers as yearlings, they did not differ in these parameters as mature bulls. The average number of spermatozoa per ejaculate changed as a result of maturation, increasing from 6.2 +/- 1.0 to 10.7 +/- 1.1 x 10(9). Aging was significantly correlated with ejaculate volume (r = 0.76; P = 0.01) but not with the total number of spermatozoa per ejaculate (r = 0.51; P = 0.13). The maturational changes that occurred in the 5 bulls were minimal with the exception of the increased volume of the ejaculate and the number of spermatozoa per ejaculate. C1 USDA ARS,GERMPLASM & GAMETE PHYSIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ATLANTIC BREEDERS COOPERAT,LANCASTER,PA 17601. RP Garner, DL (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,SCH VET MED 202,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN PI WOBURN PA 225 WILDWOOD AVE #UNITB PO BOX 4500, WOBURN, MA 01801-2084 SN 0093-691X J9 THERIOGENOLOGY JI Theriogenology PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 45 IS 5 BP 923 EP 934 DI 10.1016/0093-691X(96)00022-2 PG 12 WC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Reproductive Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA UD969 UT WOS:A1996UD96900004 PM 16727853 ER PT J AU Lominadze, DG Saari, JT Miller, FN Catalfamo, JL Justus, DE Schuschke, DA AF Lominadze, DG Saari, JT Miller, FN Catalfamo, JL Justus, DE Schuschke, DA TI Platelet aggregation and adhesion during dietary copper deficiency in rats SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA VONWILLEBRAND-FACTOR; DENSE GRANULE SECRETION; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL CELLS; VON WILLEBRAND FACTOR; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ALTERS PROTEIN; THROMBIN; BINDING; FIBRINOGEN; RELEASE AB The role of dietary copper deficiency in platelet-to-endothelial cell adhesion and in platelet-to-platelet aggregation was studied in vitro, Platelets were obtained from male, weanling Sprague-Dawley rats fed purified diets which were either copper-adequate (CuA, 6.3 mu g copper/g of diet) or copper-deficient (CuD, 0.3 mu g copper/g of diet) for 4 weeks. The platelet adhesion study was performed by adding CuA or CuD platelets either suspended in homologous plasma or in Tyrode buffer salt solution (TBSS) to cultured rat endothelial cells. After a one hour incubation at 37 degrees C non-adhered platelets were removed and counted in a microcytometer. Platelet aggregation in platelet rich plasma (PRP) samples was induced by adding ADP (2 x 10(-4) M) and measured in a turbidometric platelet aggregometer. The content of von Willebrand factor (VWF) in platelets and in plasma and the content of fibrinogen in platelets was determined. Platelet adhesion to rat endothelial cells was significantly lower for platelets from CuD rats than for platelets from CuA rats. ADP induced platelet aggregation from CuD rats was significantly higher than platelet aggregation from CuA rats. The content of vWF in platelets and in plasma from CuD rats was significantly lower than in platelets and plasma from CuA rats. However, the amount of fibrinogen in platelets from CuD rats was about 4-fold higher than that in platelets from CuA rats while the plasma fibrinogen was lower in CuD rats than in CuA rats. These studies illustrate that copper deficiency diminishes platelet adhesion to endothelial cells but increases platelet aggregability. The results suggest that these physiological alterations may be the result of decreased platelet VWF and increased platelet fibrinogen during dietary copper deficiency. C1 UNIV LOUISVILLE,CTR APPL MICROCIRCULATORY RES,HLTH SCI CTR A1115,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. CORNELL UNIV,COLL VET MED,DIAGNOST LAB,ITHACA,NY. OI Lominadze, David/0000-0002-9911-4539 NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 45, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD APR PY 1996 VL 75 IS 4 BP 630 EP 634 PG 5 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UG722 UT WOS:A1996UG72200020 PM 8743191 ER PT J AU Sullivan, NH Bolstad, PV Vose, JM AF Sullivan, NH Bolstad, PV Vose, JM TI Estimates of net photosynthetic parameters for twelve tree species in mature forests of the southern Appalachians SO TREE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acer; Betula; Carya; Cornus; gas exchange; Liriodendron; net assimilation; Nyssa; quantum yield efficiency; Quercus; radiation; solar radiation; temperature ID OAK QUERCUS-ALBA; WATER RELATIONS; CO2 EXCHANGE; DECIDUOUS FOREST; LEAF CONDUCTANCE; CANOPY STRUCTURE; PROCESS MODEL; GAS-EXCHANGE; GROWTH; DROUGHT AB Leaf gas exchange, temperature, and incident radiation were measured in situ for 20 mature trees of 12 deciduous species spanning a range of heights from 7.9 to 30.1 m and growing in the southern Appalachian Mountains. Air temperature, water vapor pressure, total radiation, photosynthetically active radiation, and carbon dioxide concentration were also measured. Estimated mean, light-saturated net assimilation rates (mu mol m(-2) s(-1)) were: Quercus coccinea Muenchh. (10.3), e. prinus L. (9.9), Q. rubra L. (8.9), Betula lenta L. (8.1), Liriodendron tulipifera L. (7.9), e. alba L. (7.6), Carya glabra Mill. (7.2), Acer rubrum L. (5.6), Nyssa sylvatica Marsh. (3.9), Cornusflorida L. (3.5), and Acerpensylanicum L. (1.7). There were significant differences in both net assimilation rates and quantum yield efficiencies between species, with the understory species C. florida and A. pensylvanicum exhibiting lower net assimilation rates at saturation and higher estimated quantum yield efficiencies than the other species. Average temperature and light decreased from the canopy top to bottom, whereas ambient CO2 concentration increased, and vapor pressure and vapor pressure deficits were inconsistent. We observed curvilinear effects of temperature and vapor pressure deficit on net assimilation response to light, and these effects varied by species. Errors in predicted net assimilation ranged from 1 to 3 mu mol m(-2) s(-1) under the environmental conditions prevailing during the study. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,COLL NAT RESOURCES,DEPT FOREST RESOURCES,ST PAUL,MN 55108. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV,COLL FORESTRY & WILDLIFE,DEPT FORESTRY,BLACKSBURG,VA 24061. US FOREST SERV,COWEETA HYDROL LAB,SE FOREST EXPT STN,OTTO,NC 28763. NR 52 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 6 PU HERON PUBLISHING PI VICTORIA PA BOX 5579 STATION B, VICTORIA BC V8R 6S4, CANADA SN 0829-318X J9 TREE PHYSIOL JI Tree Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 16 IS 4 BP 397 EP 406 PG 10 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA UC202 UT WOS:A1996UC20200002 ER PT J AU Lubroth, J Grubman, MJ Burrage, TG Newman, JFE Brown, F AF Lubroth, J Grubman, MJ Burrage, TG Newman, JFE Brown, F TI Absence of protein 2C from clarified foot-and-mouth disease virus vaccines provides the basis for distinguishing convalescent from vaccinated animals SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE foot-and-mouth disease vaccines; vaccination; diagnosis; non-structural proteins; vaccine production ID CATTLE; POLYPEPTIDES; REPLICATION; INFECTION; INDUCTION; ANTIBODY AB We have recently reported that cattle and pigs which have been vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease can be distinguished from convalescent animals by the absence of antibodies to viral non-structural protein 2C (Lubroth and Brown, Res, Vet, Sci., 1995, 59, 70-78(1)). In this study, we show that the absence of 2C antibodies from the sera of vaccinated animals can be explained by the association of this viral protein with cellular debris which is separated from the virus harvest prior to inactivation of the supernatant for vaccine production. This serological marker can be of great value in countries where the disease occurs or in the veterinary regulatory arena when livestock are transported across borders, since it can be used to identify convalescent, persistently infected animals and vaccinates exposed to wild-type virus variants which have infected the vaccinated animals. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 USDA ARS, PLUM ISL ANIM DIS CTR, ANIM & PLANT HLTH INSPECT SERV, GREENPORT, NY 11944 USA. NR 51 TC 23 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR PY 1996 VL 14 IS 5 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1016/0264-410X(95)00172-W PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UK974 UT WOS:A1996UK97400010 PM 8735554 ER PT J AU Davidson, I Yang, H Witter, RL Malkinson, M AF Davidson, I Yang, H Witter, RL Malkinson, M TI The immunodominant proteins of reticuloendotheliosis virus SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE reticuloendotheliosis virus; immunodominant epitopes; immunoblotting ID IMMUNOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; INFECTION AB The antigenic profiles of three REV prototype strains, CSV, SNV and REV-T and eight Israeli isolates were analysed by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting with convalescent chicken serum, three mAbs, 11A25, 11C237 and 11C100, a rabbit antiserum to REV-T whole virus (Cui et al., 1986) and a rabbit antiserum to REV-A p30 gag protein (Tsai et al., 1985), Under both reducing (+DTT) and non-reducing conditions of SDS-PAGE, a major immunodominant 75-100 kDa band was shared by all strains examined. In contrast to the chicken serum that recognized both continuous and discontinuous epitopes on the 75-100 kDa band of all the isolates, the mAbs and the two rabbit sera behaved otherwise. Only the DTT-resistant epitopes on the 75-100 kDa band of REV-T were recognized by the rabbit antisera and the mAb 11C237, and only the DTT-labile epitopes of REV-T 75-100 kDa antigen were detected by mAb 11C100, The two mAbs 11A25 and 11C237 detected discontinuous epitopes of all the strains except SNV, while the rabbit antisera recognized the discontinuous epitopes on the 75-100 kDa band of all the 11 strains. The rabbit antisera and mAb 11C237 detected additional lower molecular weight proteins and the mAb 11C237 also detected three proteins of high molecular weight under non-reducing conditions only, The p30 antiserum detected the low molecular weight proteins demonstrating their gag gene-encoded identity. From these results we conclude that the major immunogen of REV is the 75-100 kDa protein that contains both continuous and discontinous epitopes. With this panel of antibodies the eight new isolates appeared to belong antigenically to REV subtype 3 (Chen et al., 1987). C1 BEIJING AGR UNIV,COLL VET MED,DEPT IMMUNOL & MICROBIOL,BEIJING 100094,PEOPLES R CHINA. USDA ARS,AVIAN DIS & ONCOL LAB,AGR RES SERV,E LANSING,MI 48823. RP Davidson, I (reprint author), KIMRON VET INST,DIV AVIAN DIS,POB 12,IL-50250 BET DAGAN,ISRAEL. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 49 IS 3-4 BP 273 EP 284 DI 10.1016/0378-1135(95)00183-2 PG 12 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA UK973 UT WOS:A1996UK97300012 PM 8734645 ER PT J AU Gamble, HR Mansfield, LS AF Gamble, HR Mansfield, LS TI Characterization of excretory-secretory products from larval stages of Haemonchus contortus cultured in vitro SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Haemonchus contortus; larval development; excretory-secretory products; enzymology ID INFECTIVE LARVAE; PARASITIC STAGES; PROTEASE; NEMATODES; ECDYSIS; 3RD-STAGE; ACID AB To determine biochemical changes associated with early parasite development, Haemonchus contortus larvae were cultured in vitro to the fourth stage (L(4)), Infective larvae developed from third to fourth stage in 48-96 h. Metabolic activity increased following stimulus of infective stages by CO2 but secretion/excretion of significant amounts of protein into cultures and larval feeding did not occur until larvae had molted to the fourth stage. Larval feeding, as monitored by the ability of larvae to ingest fluorescein-labeled albumin, correlated with molting to the fourth stage and only fourth stage larvae were observed to feed. Fourth stage larvae secreted/excreted several enzymes into culture media including a metalloprotease, an acid phosphohydrolase, a cathepsin C-like enzyme, a phospholipase C-like enzyme and an N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Excretory-secretory (ES) products produced by L(4) had antigenic homologies with parasite products produced during the second molt and with proteins and glycoproteins extracted from third and fourth stage larvae, ES products were recognized by sera from sheep infected with H. contortus, The enzymes identified here serve as markers for maturation to the fourth larval stage as well as the initiation of feeding and are likely to be involved in extracorporeal digestion. Further, they might serve as potential targets for immune or chemical control of trichostrongyle infections. RP Gamble, HR (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,PARASITE BIOL & EPIDEMIOL LAB,BLDG 1040,ROOM 103,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. OI Mansfield, Linda S./0000-0002-7523-7577 NR 31 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-4017 J9 VET PARASITOL JI Vet. Parasitol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 62 IS 3-4 BP 291 EP 305 PG 15 WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences GA TZ141 UT WOS:A1996TZ14100013 PM 8686175 ER PT J AU Jensen, ME Bourgeron, P Everett, R Goodman, I AF Jensen, ME Bourgeron, P Everett, R Goodman, I TI Ecosystem management: A landscape ecology perspective SO WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE ecosystem management; landscape ecology; conservation biology; land use planning ID REPRESENTATIVENESS; SELECTION; STATES AB Ecosystem management is an evolving philosophy that many government agencies have adopted in the multiple-use, sustained-yield management of federal lands. The primary objective of this philosophy is to sustain the integrity of ecosystems (i.e., their function, composition, and structure) for future generations while providing immediate goods and services to an increasingly diverse public. This objective can be achieved through integrated land evaluation and optimal land use planning that promotes the maintenance or development of landscape patterns and processes that meet societal expectations within the limits of the land's ecological potentials. Landscape ecology and conservation biology principles are critical components of this philosophy. This paper describes how some of these principles can be efficiently used in formulating a framework for ecosystem management on federal lands. The role of landscape ecology in ecosystem characterization and description is stressed, and the appropriateness of integrated ecological assessments to ecosystem management is discussed. C1 NATURE CONSERVANCY,WESTERN CONSERVAT SCI DEPT,BOULDER,CO 80302. US FOREST SERV,USDA,PACIFIC NW EXPT STN,WENATCHEE,WA. US EPA,OFF LANDSCAPE CHARACTERIZAT RES & DEV,LAS VEGAS,NV 89193. RP Jensen, ME (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,USDA,PACIFIC NW EXPT STN,NO REG,FED BLDG,MISSOULA,MT 59807, USA. NR 66 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI HERNDON PA 950 HERNDON PARKWAY SUITE 300, HERNDON, VA 22070-5528 SN 0043-1370 J9 WATER RESOUR BULL JI Water Resour. Bull. PD APR PY 1996 VL 32 IS 2 BP 203 EP 216 PG 14 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA UG715 UT WOS:A1996UG71500002 ER PT J AU Hallisey, JE Belt, GH AF Hallisey, JE Belt, GH TI Relationships between particle movement and channel morphology in some northern Idaho streams SO WATER RESOURCES BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE wildland hydrology; water management; sedimentation; forest hydrology; modeling ID GRAVEL; ENTRAINMENT; STABILITY; TRANSPORT; RIVERS AB Data were collected in 1992 from 17 mountain streams located within fine- to coarse-grained schist formations on the Idaho Panhandle National Forests. These were used to examine predictive relationships potentially useful in monitoring stream channel stability and fishery habitat. Channel morphology, sediment, and lithological data were obtained at 123 riffle sites. An analysis of materials deposited on gravel bars showed that at most sites, critical grain size, calculated using Duboy's tractive force equation, often does not provide accurate estimates of particle sizes moved at bankfull discharge. The tractive force equation gave reasonable estimates (+/- 10 mm) at 16 percent of the sites, but significantly over- or underestimated the sizes at the remaining sites. Regression and discriminant analysis showed that the relationship between critical grain size and the geometric mean diameter of material deposited on gravel bars was influenced most by the substrate size, slope, and width-to-depth ratio. Similarly, lithology was correlated with the size of particles moved. Particle sizes moved at bankfull discharge were not well correlated with residual pool depth or pool length. C1 UNIV IDAHO,COLL FORESTRY WILDLIFE & RANGE SCI,DEPT FOREST RESOURCES,MOSCOW,ID 83844. RP Hallisey, JE (reprint author), US FOREST SERV,USDA,ST JOE DIST,IDAHO PANHANDLE NATL FORESTS,POB 407,ST MARIES,ID 83861, USA. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI HERNDON PA 950 HERNDON PARKWAY SUITE 300, HERNDON, VA 22070-5528 SN 0043-1370 J9 WATER RESOUR BULL JI Water Resour. Bull. PD APR PY 1996 VL 32 IS 2 BP 383 EP 391 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA UG715 UT WOS:A1996UG71500017 ER PT J AU Jones, JA Grant, GE AF Jones, JA Grant, GE TI Peak flow responses to clear-cutting and roads in small and large basins, western Cascades, Oregon SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID STORM RUNOFF; DOUGLAS-FIR; WATER FLUX; STREAMFLOW; CALIFORNIA; FOREST; MODEL; SOIL AB This study quantified long-term changes in streamflows associated with clearcutting and road construction and examined alternative hydrologic mechanisms to explain stream hydrograph changes in the Cascades Range, western Oregon. We examined differences in paired peak discharges for 150 to 375 storm events for five basin pairs, using 34-year records from two pairs of 60-to-101-ha experimental basins in the H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest, and 50-to-55-year records from three pairs of adjacent basins ranging from 60 to 600 km(2). Forest harvesting has increased peak discharges by as much as 50% in small basins and 100% in large basins over the past 50 years. These increases are attributable to changes both in flow routing due to roads and in water balance due to treatment effects and vegetation succession. C1 US FOREST SERV,PACIFIC NW RES STN,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. RP Jones, JA (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT GEOSCI,WILKINSON HALL,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 56 TC 250 Z9 263 U1 3 U2 45 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 32 IS 4 BP 959 EP 974 DI 10.1029/95WR03493 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA UC939 UT WOS:A1996UC93900018 ER PT J AU Buhler, DD Mester, TC Kohler, KA AF Buhler, DD Mester, TC Kohler, KA TI The effect of maize residues and tillage on emergence of Setaria faberi, Abutilon theophrasti, Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album SO WEED RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID WHEAT TRITICUM-AESTIVUM; WEED-CONTROL; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; GIANT FOXTAIL; SOIL SURFACE; ZEA-MAYS; SYSTEMS; SEED; GERMINATION; VELVETLEAF AB Tillage and maize (Zea mays L.) residues at up to four times the base level had variable effects on the emergence of four annual weed species in the field. Environmental conditions varied during the three years of the research and interacted with residue and tillage to govern seedling emergence. When tillage affected Setaria faberi Herrm., emergence was greater in untilled than tilled plots. The effect of residues varied among years. Abutilon theophrasti Medik. emergence from tilled soil was greater than from untilled soil in two of three years. Maize residue at two or four times the base level reduced emergence. Amaranthus retroflexus L. emergence was often greater from untilled than tilled soil. The effect of maize residues on this species was dependent on tillage and precipitation. Chenopodium album L. emergence was affected by tillage and residues but differences over the three years were inconsistent. Results of this research indicate that tillage and residues interact with weed species, precipitation and other factors to regulate seedling emergence. The reduced soil disturbance and minimal weed seed burial associated with the elimination of tillage appear to have a greater impact on weed population dynamics than surface residues in non-tillage maize production systems. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT AGRON,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Buhler, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,2150 PAMMEL DR,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 25 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 8 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0043-1737 J9 WEED RES JI Weed Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 36 IS 2 BP 153 EP 165 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3180.1996.tb01811.x PG 13 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UH109 UT WOS:A1996UH10900006 ER PT J AU Simpson, DM Stoller, EW AF Simpson, DM Stoller, EW TI Physiological mechanisms in the synergism between thifensulfuron and imazethapyr in sulfonylurea-tolerant soybean (Glycine max) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE imazethapyr 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methyethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl -3-pyridine-carboxylic acid; thifensulfuron 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfon yl]-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid; soybean; Glycine max (L) Merr; absorption; imidazolinone; STS soybean; synergism ID PEANUTS ARACHIS-HYPOGAEA; TRANSLOCATION; ABSORPTION; CHLORIMURON; WEEDS AB Greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted to determine if the synergistic interaction between imazethapyr and thifensulfuron in sulfonylurea-tolerant (STS) soybean involved enhanced absorption and translocation or reduced metabolism of one or both herbicides. Thifensulfuron at 4.4 g ha(-1) and imazethapyr at 70 g ha(-1) caused 0 and 28% injury to STS soybean 7 DAT, respectively, while the combination of both herbicides caused 50% injury 7 DAT. Imazethapyr had no effect on absorption of C-14-thifensulfuron into the first trifoliolate, Imazethapyr did not affect absorption, translocation, or metabolism of C-14-thifensulfuron, Metabolism of C-14-thifensulfuron was rapid, with less than 10% remaining after 24 h, and was not affected by imazethapyr. Likewise, thifensulfuron did not affect the absorption, translocation, or metabolism of 14C-imazethapyr. Therefore, the synergism between thifensulfuron and imazethapyr does not involve changes in the absorption, translocation, or metabolism of either herbicide, Nomenclature: Imazethapyr, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methyethyl)-5-oxo- 1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridine-carboxylic acid; thifensulfuron, 3-[[[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]-2-phenecarboxylic acid; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr. C1 USDA ARS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP Simpson, DM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT AGRON,1102 S GOODWIN AVE,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 17 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UL539 UT WOS:A1996UL53900001 ER PT J AU Khan, M Donald, WW Prato, T AF Khan, M Donald, WW Prato, T TI Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum) management can substitute for diclofop for foxtail (Setaria spp) control SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crop management; economics; planting; seeding rate; seeding date; stochastic dominance; sustainable agriculture; diclofop ID STOCHASTIC-DOMINANCE ANALYSIS; SOIL-MOISTURE; VIRIDIS; GREEN; TILLAGE AB The goal of this research was to determine whether crop management practices could substitute for a herbicide for managing mixed populations of green and yellow foxtail in hard red spring wheat. Crop yield and foxtail growth were measured in two years of field research in North Dakota. Spring wheat yields were as great or greater when early seeding date or 2x seeding rate were substituted for POST diclofop(3) at 0.75 kg al ha(-1) for managing foxtail in spring wheat, Yield of spring wheat competing with foxtails was greater for the high seeding rate (2x = 270 kg ha(-1)) than both the normal (Ix = 130 kg ha(-1)) and low (0,5x = 70 k ha(-1)) seeding rates for early or middle seeding dates, but not for the late seeding date, For both early and middle seeding dates, wheat yield at the 2x seeding rate without diclofop was equal to or greater than that of the Ix seeding rate with diclofop, Late-seeded wheat did not yield well in competition with dense foxtail stands for any treatment combination, Early and middle seeding dates favored the relative increase of green foxtail over yellow foxtail in wheat, whereas late seeding favored yellow foxtail over green foxtail, Economic analysis demonstrated that early seeding date was the most critical factor in determining the stochastic dominance of treatments without diclofop over treatments with diclofop. Seeding rate was much less important than seeding date in determining the ranking of treatments in stochastic dominance analysis. C1 N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT CROP & WEED SCI,FARGO,ND 58105. UNIV MISSOURI,USDA,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. UNIV MISSOURI,DEPT AGR ECON,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. ARS,BIOSCI RES LAB,FARGO,ND. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 362 EP 372 PG 11 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UL539 UT WOS:A1996UL53900023 ER PT J AU Buhler, DD Gunsolus, JL AF Buhler, DD Gunsolus, JL TI Effect of date of preplant tillage and planting on weed populations and mechanical weed control in soybean (Glycine max) SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE integrated weed management; weed population dynamics; ABUTH; AMAPO; AMARE; CHEAL; SETFA ID CORN; EMERGENCE AB Additional information on mechanical weed management systems is needed so producers can develop systems that meet their production and weed control goals without sacrificing profitability, Field research was conducted at Rosemount, MN, in 1989, 1990, and 1991 to determine the effect of preplant tillage and soybean planting date on weed populations and effectiveness of mechanical weed control operations, Delaying soybean planting from mid-May to early-June reduced weed densities and yield losses from weeds, Weed control with a herbicide treatment was not affected by planting date, but control with rotary hoeing and cultivation was often increased by delaying soybean planting, Early-planted soybean usually yielded better following herbicide treatment than mechanical weed control, However, when preplant tillage and planting were delayed, weed densities were reduced and mechanical weed control operations usually resulted in soybean yield similar to the herbicide treatment, While delaying soybean planting reduced weed densities and improved mechanical weed control, there is potential for reduced soybean yields with delayed planting. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT AGRON & PLANT GENET,ST PAUL,MN 55108. RP Buhler, DD (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,2150 PAMMEL DR,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 20 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 373 EP 379 PG 7 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UL539 UT WOS:A1996UL53900024 ER PT J AU Gealy, DR Gurusiddaiah, S Ogg, AG AF Gealy, DR Gurusiddaiah, S Ogg, AG TI Isolation and characterization of metabolites from Pseudomonas syringae-strain 3366 and their phytotoxicity against certain weed and crop species SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioherbicide; biological control; phytotoxin; rhizobacteria; Beta vulgaris L; Hordeum vulgare L; Lens culinaris L; Pisum sativum L; Triticum aestivum L; #(3)BROTE; AVEFA; AEGCY; AMARE; CHEAL; SISAL; THLAR ID BROME BROMUS-TECTORUM; GRAMINIS VAR TRITICI; DOWNY BROME; NORTH-AMERICA; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; ROOT-GROWTH; WHEAT; SYRINGOMYCIN; FLUORESCENS AB Phytotoxic effects of metabolites from a naturally occurring rhizobacterial isolate, Pseudomonas syringae strain 3366, were determined on downy brome and 'Hill 81' winter wheat, along with 10 other weed and crop species, Centrifuged supernatant and concentrated ethyl acetate extracts from aerobic shake cultures of strain 3366 suppressed germination of seeds and reduced root and shoot growth in agar diffusion assays, soil assays, and under field conditions, Generally, root growth was inhibited more than shoot growth, Strain 3366 metabolites applied in soil inhibited all species tested, Crude ethyl acetate extracts in soil inhibited downy brome at concentrations that had little effect on winter wheat, Inhibitory activity was greater in Palouse silt loam (pH 5.8, 3.6% organic matter) than in Shano silt loam (pH 9.0, 0.8% organic matter), Activity of extracted metabolites decreased rapidly in wet soil but remained high in dry soil, Active metabolites were isolated and purified from the ethyl acetate extract using column chromatography, thin-layer chromatography, and crystallization. Chemical analysis revealed the presence of phenazine-l-carboxylic acid, 2-amino phenoxazone, and 2-amino phenol, Activity of these metabolites against downy brome was confirmed in agar assays, Phenazine-l-carboxylic acid, the major identifiable metabolite present in ethyl acetate extracts (20% by weight), inhibited downy brome root growth by 99% at concentrations of 5.7 mg L(-1), Production of these metabolites in field soil by live bacteria of strain 3366 was confirmed with thin-layer chromatography. C1 WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,BIOANALYT CTR,PULLMAN,WA 99164. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164. USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP Gealy, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL RICE GERMPLASM RES CTR,POB 287,STUTTGART,AR 72160, USA. NR 41 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 383 EP 392 PG 10 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UL539 UT WOS:A1996UL53900026 ER PT J AU Vangessel, MJ Schweizer, EE Lybecker, DW Westra, P AF Vangessel, MJ Schweizer, EE Lybecker, DW Westra, P TI Integrated weed management systems for irrigated corn (Zea mays) production in Colorado - A case study SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE bioeconomic model; cost/benefit analysis; gross margin; herbicides; in-row cultivator; mechanical weeding; rotary hoe; WEEDCAM; weed seed bank ID POSTEMERGENCE CONTROL DECISIONS; CROP-ROTATION; HERBICIDE USE; SEED; SOIL; TILLAGE; NEBRASKA; DECLINE AB Cooperative research was initiated by a multidisciplinary team of weed scientists and agricultural economists in 1975 that laid the foundation for integrated weed management research in Colorado, Colorado's integrated weed management research has four phases: weed seed bank decline, systems approach to weed management, bioeconomic modeling, and multiple weed management tactics, Each phase considered weed seed bank, weed control efficacy, weed control costs, crop yield, and gross margin, All four phases emphasize the need for a weed management system that minimizes seed production in situations where a high soil weed seed bank exists, However, once the weed seed bank is reduced, a weed management program with less than 100% weed control can be employed without increasing the seed bank, Intensive weed management systems are seldom justified when economics, weed control, and weed seed bank are considered, Integrated weed management approaches require integrating crop and weed biology with management tactics, Integrated weed management requires advanced managerial skills and often more time than traditional approaches. C1 USDA,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP Vangessel, MJ (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PLANT PATHOL & WEED SCI,FT COLLINS,CO 80523, USA. NR 27 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 423 EP 428 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UL539 UT WOS:A1996UL53900034 ER PT J AU Young, FL Ogg, AG Thill, DC Young, DL Papendick, RI AF Young, FL Ogg, AG Thill, DC Young, DL Papendick, RI TI Weed management for crop production in the northwest wheat (Triticum aestivum) region SO WEED SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE conservation tillage; crop rotation; integrated pest management; integrated weed management; soil erosion; BROTE; AVEFA ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; SYSTEMS AB A 9-yr large-scale integrated pest management (IPM) study was initiated in 1985 to develop and refine profitable conservation cropping systems in the Palouse wheat-growing region of the Pacific Northwest, Weed scientists from the USDA-ARS and the land-grant universities of ID and WA led a team of researchers and extension personnel from eight disciplines to investigate the interactions of crop systems, tillage systems, and weed management levels (WR;LL) on crop production, Ineffective weed control has been a major deterrent to the adoption of conservation tillage by wheat growers, With this in mind, the primary focus of the scientists on the IPM project was integrated weed management (IWM) in conservation crop production systems for highly erodible land, For the first time in the Pacific Northwest, systems research developed a conservation production system using a 3-yr crop rotation that controlled weeds effectively, reduced erosion, was less risky than traditional farming systems, and was profitable, Broadleaf weeds were more prevalent in the 3-yr rotation of winter wheat-spring barley-spring pea compared to continuous wheat in both conservation and conventional tillage systems, In conservation tillage, troublesome grass weeds included wild oat and downy brome, Wild oat was controlled effectively at the moderate and maximum weed management levels under conservation tillage in the 3-yr rotation, Two years out of winter wheat (such as in the 3-yr rotation) reduced downy brome populations, In contrast, growing a spring crop 1 yr, followed by 2 yr of winter wheat was not effective for controlling downy brome. Effective weed control was instrumental in developing successful conservation IPM cropping systems, and education and technology transfer were important in helping action agencies assist growers in adopting these systems. C1 UNIV IDAHO,DEPT PLANT SOIL ENTOMOL SCI,MOSCOW,ID 83843. WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,DEPT AGR ECON,PULLMAN,WA 99164. RP Young, FL (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV,USDA ARS,165 JOHNSON HALL,PULLMAN,WA 99164, USA. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 5 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0043-1745 J9 WEED SCI JI Weed Sci. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 429 EP 436 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UL539 UT WOS:A1996UL53900035 ER PT J AU Gealy, DR Gurusiddaiah, S Ogg, AG Kennedy, AC AF Gealy, DR Gurusiddaiah, S Ogg, AG Kennedy, AC TI Metabolites from Pseudomonas Fluorescens strain D7 inhibit downy brome (Bromus tectorum) seedling growth SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bioassay; bioherbicide; biological control; protoplast; root; BROTE ID NORTH-AMERICA; ROOT-GROWTH; PHYTOTOXIN; WHEAT AB Phytotoxins produced by the naturally-occurring rhizobacterium, Pseudomonas fluorescens strain D7 (strain D7), in shake cultures from several media sources adversely affected downy brome at several growth stages and affected seeds, whole plants, and isolated cells. These uncharacterized phytotoxins inhibited root and shoot growth of downy brome by 80% in a seed germination agar assay at 2 and 400 ng total solids/ml, respectively. In a hydroponics assay, downy brome and winter wheat dry weights were reduced 50% by cell-free broth concentrations of 15 and 26% of the initial broth concentration, respectively, indicating an almost 2x selectivity between winter wheat and downy brome. Plant water use was reduced similarly. Plasma membranes of isolated protoplasts of downy brome were damaged within 2 h by diluted cell-free broth. Cold-precipitated phytotoxins of strain D7 produced in semi-synthetic and synthetic media reduced dry weight of downy brome seedlings by 100 and 89%, respectively, and killed plants rapidly. RP Gealy, DR (reprint author), USDA ARS,NRGEEC,POB 287,STUTTGART,AR 72160, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 7 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 282 EP 287 PG 6 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UP856 UT WOS:A1996UP85600008 ER PT J AU Masters, RA Newton, M AF Masters, RA Newton, M TI Role of forest and rangeland vegetation management in conservation biology - Proceedings of a Symposium of the Weed Science Society of America - February 1, 1995, Seattle, Washington - Introduction SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Masters, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 368 EP 368 PG 1 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UP856 UT WOS:A1996UP85600023 ER PT J AU Young, JA Longland, WS AF Young, JA Longland, WS TI Impact of alien plants on Grant Basin rangelands SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Role of Forest and Rangeland Vegetation Management in Conservation Biology CY FEB 01, 1995 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Weed Sci Soc Amer DE succession; granivores; invasive plants; big sagebrush; Artemisia tridentata; ARTTR. ID GERMINATION; SEED; REQUIREMENTS AB Our purpose is to discuss the impact of alien plants on rangeland ecosystems of the Great Basin in terms of their effects on biological functions. The sagebrush/bunchgrass ranges of western North America are used as a model ecosystem for the impact of alien plants. Alien weed species have been introduced in successive waves, with the success of each new introduction dependent on how well adapted to the environment and how competitive the new weed is with those previously introduced. Annual species have been successful across extensive areas of Great Basin rangelands. Biennial and short- and long-lived perennial introductions have been restricted to much more specific habitats. Alien plants impact rangelands through stand renewal and successional processes. Alien weeds can cause such processes to be accelerated and/or truncated depending on the species and range site. RP Young, JA (reprint author), USDA ARS, 920 VALLEY RD, RENO, NV 89512 USA. NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 15 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 384 EP 391 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UP856 UT WOS:A1996UP85600025 ER PT J AU Masters, RA Nissen, SJ Gaussoin, RE Beran, DD Stougaard, RN AF Masters, RA Nissen, SJ Gaussoin, RE Beran, DD Stougaard, RN TI Imidazolinone herbicides improve restoration of Great Plains grasslands SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Role of Forest and Rangeland Vegetation Management in Conservation Biology CY FEB 01, 1995 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Weed Sci Soc Amer DE biological diversity; cool-season grasses; forbs; AC 263,222; glyphosate; imazapyr; imazethapyr; leafy spurge; native plants; prairie restoration; rangeland; sulfometuron; tall-grasses; warm-season grasses; wildflowers; ANOGE; ANOSC; CZRYA; DEMIL; EPHES; PANI; RATCO; RUDHL ID ATRAZINE AB The productivity and native species diversity of Great Plains grasslands have been substantially reduced by past management that facilitated the establishment of invasive exotic weeds and displacement of native species. Management strategies are needed to rapidly restore the productive capacity and biological diversity of these degraded grasslands. Critically important phases of the grassland restoration process are the reintroduction and establishment of native species. Weed interference is the primary constraint to successful establishment of native plants. The goal of our research is to develop strategies that use multiple technologies, including herbicides, to expedite grassland revegetation with native grasses and forbs. Imidazolinone herbicides (AC 263,333, imazapyr, and imazethapyr) were used successfully to improve establishment of native perennial grasses (big bluestem, switchgrass, little bluestem) and selected forbs (blackeyed-susan, purple prairieclover, Illinois bundleflower, trailing crownvetch, and upright prairie coneflower) on cropland and as components of a strategy to revegetate leafy spurge-infested rangeland with native tallgrasses. Imazethapyr at 70 or 110 g ai/ha applied at planting resulted in stands of big bluestem and little bluestem that were similar or superior to stands established where atrazine was applied. Seedling grasses were susceptible to imazapyr at two of three study sites. Imazapyr at 560 g ai/ha plus sulfometuron at 100 g ai/ha applied in fall was the optimum treatment for suppression of leafy spurge and exotic cool-season grasses and establishment of big bluestem and switchgrass on degraded rangeland sites. Establishment of selected forbs was improved by PRE treatment with AC 263,222 or imazethapyr at 70 g ai/ha. This research provides evidence that the imidazolinone herbicides can be important components of integrated weed management strategies designed to reverse deterioration of grasslands by reestablishing native species, improving grassland productivity, and decreasing the prevalence of exotic weeds. Nomenclature: Atrazine, 6-chloro-N-ethyl-N'-(1-methylethyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine; imazapyr, (+/-)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo- 1H-imidazol-2-yl]-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid; AC 263,222, (+/-)-2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-methyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid; imazethapyr, 2-[4,5-dihydro-4-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-5-oxo-1H-imidazol-2-yl]-5-ethyl-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid; sulfometuron, 2-[[[[(4,6-dimethyl-2-pyrimidinyl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonyl]benzoic acid; leafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L. #(3) EPHES; big bluestem, Andropogon gerardii Vitman 'Pawnee' # ANOGE; little bluestem, Andropogon scoparium (Michx.) Nash 'Camper' # ANOSC; switchgrass, Panicum virgatum L. 'Trailblazer,' # PANI; blackeyed-susan, Rudbeckia hirta L. var. hirta # RUDHI; purple prairieclover, Dalea purpurea Vent.; Illinois bundleflower, Desmanthus illinoensis (Michx.) MacMill. ex B.L. Robins # DEMIL; trailing crownvetch, Coronilla varia L. # CZRYA; upright prairie coneflower, Ratibida columnifera (Nutt.) Woot. & Standl. # RATCO. RP Masters, RA (reprint author), USDA ARS,LINCOLN,NE 68583, USA. NR 22 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 18 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 392 EP 403 PG 12 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UP856 UT WOS:A1996UP85600026 ER PT J AU Svejcar, TJ AF Svejcar, TJ TI What are working groups and why should scientists be involved SO WEED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on the Role of Forest and Rangeland Vegetation Management in Conservation Biology CY FEB 01, 1995 CL SEATTLE, WA SP Weed Sci Soc Amer AB The conflicts over management of natural resources, especially on public lands, have resulted in a high level of frustration among many of the interested parties. There are many underlying causes of the conflicts, but I think several major societal trends must be considered. During the past several decades, there has been increased emphasis on participatory democracy, with the public seeking more involvement in decision making and policy formulation. A related trend is the decline in the public image of science and lack of trust in state and federal agencies. Individual members of society desire to be included in decision making, and may not necessarily view scientists as capable of providing the answers to natural resource issues. One response to natural resource conflicts is to form a group of interested individuals from diverse backgrounds to develop solutions. These groups may also work toward policy development. Coalitions or working groups may take many forms. There are two basic types of groups I will mention: 1) those formed to address a specific issue over a set time period, and 2) those formed to foster communication, interaction, and education. Many working groups have been formed over controversies, but effective use of the groups might also keep controversies from arising. In my opinion, scientists should be active participants in natural resource working groups. Participation provides the opportunity to incorporate science in decision-making and may also guide research efforts insuring that the results are of value to a wider cross-section of society. RP Svejcar, TJ (reprint author), USDA ARS,EASTERN OREGON AGR RES CTR,HC 71451 HWY 205,BURNS,OR 97720, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WEED SCI SOC AMER PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0890-037X J9 WEED TECHNOL JI Weed Technol. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 451 EP 454 PG 4 WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences GA UP856 UT WOS:A1996UP85600033 ER PT J AU DeGroot, RC Woodward, B AF DeGroot, RC Woodward, B TI A laboratory soil contact decay test: An accelerated method to determine durability of treated wood shakes SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE preservative; method; shake; roofing; hemlock; pine; alder; wood decay; durability AB In this study, cross sections of preservative-treated shakes were evaluated in soil-contact decay tests using Gleophyllum trabeum. The number of preservatives by species combinations used allowed evaluation of procedural aspects of this method. We conclude that the soil-contact decay test is a good tool for an accelerated evaluation of the durability of treated shakes. Experimental designs need to be structured so that each wood species can be analyzed separately. Interpretation of results requires consideration of both the distribution and median or mean of weight loss data for each treatment. Levels of retention should be well dispersed so that the effects of retention upon distribution of weight loss data for individual treatments can be determined. Selection of a sufficient sample size to represent the variation within the population of each wood species by treatment combination is judged to be more important than duration of the incubation period in excess of 12 weeks. Stated differently, a rigorous experimental design permits discrimination of major differences without a need to achieve a weight loss of 50% in untreated materials. Wood species utilized in this study were western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.), Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis Dougl. ex Forbes), grand fir (Abies grandis Dougl. ex D. Don Lindl.), western white pine (Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don), southern pine spp., and red alder (Alnus rubra Pong.). RP DeGroot, RC (reprint author), USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,FOREST SERV,1 GIFFORD PINCHOT DR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 214 EP 226 PG 13 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA UH113 UT WOS:A1996UH11300009 ER PT J AU Chow, P Bao, ZZ Youngquist, JA Rowell, RM Muehl, JH Krzysik, AM AF Chow, P Bao, ZZ Youngquist, JA Rowell, RM Muehl, JH Krzysik, AM TI Properties of hardboards made from acetylated aspen and southern pine SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE acetylation; aspen; bending strength; hardboard; dimensional stability; internal bond; southern pine; tensile stress AB The effects of fiber acetylation, resin content, and wax content on mechanical and physical properties of dry-process hardboard made from aspen and southern pine were investigated. Test results indicate that the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of the hardboard specimens were decreased due to the fiber acetylation. Tensile stress parallel to face and internal bond (IB) were generally higher for untreated boards than for acetylated boards. Water absorption (WA) and thickness swelling (TH.S) were both reduced markedly by acetylation. In general, increasing resin content from 3% to 7% brought increases in MOR, MOE, tensile stress, and IB and improved WA and TH.S. Addition of the 0.5% wax content usually caused reductions in these mechanical properties, but improved WA and TH.S in some cases. Linear expansion (LE) in the dimensional stability test (from 30% to 90% RH) was significantly reduced by acetylation and influenced by wood species. Neither resin nor wax contents significantly affected the LE value of hardboard specimens in this study. C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Chow, P (reprint author), DEPT NAT RESOURCES & ENVIRONM SCI,W-503 TURNER HALL,1102 S GOODWIN AVE,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 17 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 252 EP 258 PG 7 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA UH113 UT WOS:A1996UH11300012 ER PT J AU Shupe, TF Choong, ET Stokke, DD Gibson, MD AF Shupe, TF Choong, ET Stokke, DD Gibson, MD TI Variation in cell dimensions and fibril angle for two fertilized even-aged loblolly pine plantations SO WOOD AND FIBER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cell-wall thickness; fiber length; microfibril angle; specific gravity ID GRAVITY AB Increment core samples were obtained from randomly selected, nine-year-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in two even-aged plantations in Louisiana in order to determine the variation in cell dimensions and fibril angle of the sites. The Homer site is representative of the growing conditions in north Louisiana, and the Bogalusa site is typical of the conditions in southeastern Louisiana. Both sites were subjected to similar site preparation and weed control and were fertilized in the juvenile period. The anatomical properties that were measured include: fiber length, cell-wall thickness, and microfibril angle (MPA). Observations were made in order to compare corewood (rings 2-4) and outerwood (rings 7-9) and also between earlywood and latewood. For both plantations, the statistical analysis revealed that cell-wall thickness and fiber length were significantly greater in outerwood and latewood than in corewood and earlywood, respectively. Microfibril angle was found to be significantly higher in corewood than in outerwood for both plantations. The anatomical properties were found to be more acceptable from an end-use perspective on the Homer site, which experienced slower diameter growth than the Bogalusa site. C1 SO ILLINOIS UNIV,FORESTRY SCI LAB,USDA,N CENT FOREST EXPT STN,FOREST SERV,CARBONDALE,IL 62901. LOUISIANA TECH UNIV,SCH FORESTRY,FOREST PROD LAB,RUSTON,LA 71272. RP Shupe, TF (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,CTR AGR,SCH FORESTRY WILDLIFE & FISHERIES,LOUISIANA FOREST PROD LAB,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC WOOD SCI TECHNOL PI MADISON PA ONE GIFFORD PINCHOT DR, MADISON, WI 53705 SN 0735-6161 J9 WOOD FIBER SCI JI Wood Fiber Sci. PD APR PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 268 EP 275 PG 8 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood; Materials Science, Textiles SC Forestry; Materials Science GA UH113 UT WOS:A1996UH11300014 ER PT J AU Tirumalai, VC Agarwal, UP Obst, JR AF Tirumalai, VC Agarwal, UP Obst, JR TI Heterogeneity of lignin concentration in cell corner middle lamella of white birch and black spruce SO WOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAMAN MICROPROBE; BETULA-VERRUCOSA; PICEA-ABIES; SEM-EDXA; TEM-EDXA; WOOD; MERCURIZATION; BROMINATION; WALLS AB Raman microprobe spectroscopy was used to study the concentration of lignocellulosics in the cell corner middle lamella. Spectra obtained from 1.6 mu m regions, from 30 cell corner middle lamellae of both birch and spruce, showed the presence of lignin. However, the relative concentration of lignin to cellulose varied considerably. These results corroborate the view expressed in previous reports of the need for caution in using the lignin concentration values of cell corner middle lamella as a internal reference for studying the variation of lignin concentration in other morphological regions of the cell wall, such as secondary cell wall layers. C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Tirumalai, VC (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM ENGN,1415 JOHNSON DR,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 14 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0043-7719 J9 WOOD SCI TECHNOL JI Wood Sci. Technol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 30 IS 2 BP 99 EP 104 PG 6 WC Forestry; Materials Science, Paper & Wood SC Forestry; Materials Science GA UG475 UT WOS:A1996UG47500003 ER PT J AU Jansen, MAK Babu, TS Heller, D Gaba, V Mattoo, AK Edelman, M AF Jansen, MAK Babu, TS Heller, D Gaba, V Mattoo, AK Edelman, M TI Ultraviolet-B effects on Spirodela oligorrhiza: Induction of different protection mechanisms SO PLANT SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ESF Workshop on Visible and UV Light Stress CY AUG 17-19, 1995 CL PARIS, FRANCE SP European Sci Fdn, CNRS, Inst Natl Rech Agron, Inst Francais Rech Exploitat Mer DE ultraviolet-B; D1-protein; chloroplasts; Spirodela oligorrhiza; UV-B tolerance ID REACTION CENTER PROTEIN; PHOTOSYSTEM-II; HIGHER-PLANTS; RADIATION; DEGRADATION; LIGHT; ACCLIMATION; RESISTANCE; PARSLEY AB Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) tolerance in plants has mostly been correlated with the presence of screening pigments (e.g. flavonoids) or other reductions in leaf transmittance. We have exploited the rapid turnover of the Photosystem II reaction center protein D1 as a sensitive in vivo probe for UV-B damage. We found that the aquatic monocot, Spirodela oligorrhiza, protects itself from UV-B irradiance using at least three different mechanisms. In one case, protection is correlated to the presence of UV-B screening pigments; in the second, an elevated oxygen-radical detoxifying system parallels UV-B tolerance; while in a third, UV-B tolerance is related to a mechanism involving neither screening pigments nor increased radical scavenging capacity. This demonstrates that, in vivo, a plant can complement its UV-screening and attenuation strategies by other tactics as well. C1 AGR UNIV WAGENINGEN,DEPT PLANT PHYSIOL,6703 BD WAGENINGEN,NETHERLANDS. AGR RES ORG,VOLCANI CTR,DEPT VIROL,IL-50250 BET DAGAN,ISRAEL. USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,PLANT MOLEC BIOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Jansen, MAK (reprint author), WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT PLANT GENET,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RI Mattoo, Autar/G-9863-2011; OI Jansen, Marcel/0000-0003-2014-5859 NR 39 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0168-9452 J9 PLANT SCI JI Plant Sci. PD MAR 29 PY 1996 VL 115 IS 2 BP 217 EP 223 DI 10.1016/0168-9452(96)04348-8 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA UG349 UT WOS:A1996UG34900011 ER PT J AU Plettner, E Slessor, KN Winston, ML Oliver, JE AF Plettner, E Slessor, KN Winston, ML Oliver, JE TI Caste-selective pheromone biosynthesis in honeybees SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID QUEEN PHEROMONE AB Queen and worker honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) produce a caste-related blend of functionalized 8- and 10-carbon fatty acids in their mandibular glands. The biological functions of these compounds match the queen's reproductive and the worker's nonreproductive roles in the colony. Studies with deuterated substrates revealed that the biosynthesis of these acids begins with stearic acid, which is hydroxylated at the 17th or 18th position. The 18-carbon hydroxy acid chains are shortened, and the resulting 10-carbon hydroxy acids are oxidized in a caste-selective manner, thereby determining many of the functional differences between queens and workers. C1 SIMON FRASER UNIV, DEPT CHEM, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA. SIMON FRASER UNIV, DEPT BIOL SCI, BURNABY, BC V5A 1S6, CANADA. ARS, USDA, BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR, BELTSVILLE, MD 20705 USA. NR 21 TC 83 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 17 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 29 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5257 BP 1851 EP 1853 DI 10.1126/science.271.5257.1851 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UC778 UT WOS:A1996UC77800042 ER PT J AU McNeil, P AF McNeil, P TI Setting the national perspective for voluntary skill standards in an educational context. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 2 EP TECH PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48201869 ER PT J AU Cardamone, JM Damert, WC Marmer, WN AF Cardamone, JM Damert, WC Marmer, WN TI Image analysis characterization of uniform coloration SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 11 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200789 ER PT J AU Muldoon, MT Stanker, LH AF Muldoon, MT Stanker, LH TI Application of molecularly-imprinted polymers for rapid sample cleanup: Immunochemical and HPLC analysis SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 12 EP ENVR PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48202373 ER PT J AU Thibodeaux, DP Gordon, SG Evans, JP Vinyard, BT AF Thibodeaux, DP Gordon, SG Evans, JP Vinyard, BT TI Improved sampling, blending, and preparation techniques for image analysis of cotton cross-sections SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. RI Gordon, Stuart/K-4529-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 13 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200791 ER PT J AU Johnsen, PB AF Johnsen, PB TI Scientific research teams in USDA research: From generalists to team member specialists. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 17 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200015 ER PT J AU Landucci, LL Ralph, SA AF Landucci, LL Ralph, SA TI Biomimetic initiation of lignol dehydropolymerization with metal salts SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 18 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200796 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Ralph, J Hatfield, RD Quideau, S Kuster, TA AF Grabber, JH Ralph, J Hatfield, RD Quideau, S Kuster, TA TI Dehydrogenation polymer-cell wall complexes as a model for lignified grass walls SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 20 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200798 ER PT J AU Atalla, RH AF Atalla, RH TI Cellulose and the hemicelluloses: Patterns for cell wall architecture and the assembly of lignin SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 24 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200802 ER PT J AU Meredith, FI Bacon, CW Plattner, RD AF Meredith, FI Bacon, CW Plattner, RD TI Preparative purification of fumonisin B-2. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,RICHARD B RUSSELL AGR RES CTR,TOXICOL & MYCOTOXIN RES UNIT,ATHENS,GA 30604. ARS,USDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,BIOACT CONSTITUENTS RES UNIT,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 28 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200026 ER PT J AU Grimm, CC Lloyd, SW Bett, KL AF Grimm, CC Lloyd, SW Bett, KL TI Variation in peanut volatiles based on maturity SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,SRRC,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70122. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 29 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200027 ER PT J AU Grohmann, K Bothast, RJ AF Grohmann, K Bothast, RJ TI Pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis of corn fiber SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. USDA,CITRUS & SUBTROP FRUIT RES LAB,WINTER HAVEN,FL 33883. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 31 EP BTEC PN 2 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA485 UT WOS:A1996UA48501967 ER PT J AU Boylston, EK Morris, NM AF Boylston, EK Morris, NM TI Preparation of thin sections for FT-IR microscopy: A new embedding medium for cellulosic samples SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 32 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200810 ER PT J AU Inglett, GE AF Inglett, GE TI Hydrolyzed oat flour used in low fat foods. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,BIOPOLYMER RES UNIT,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 33 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200031 ER PT J AU Ragsdale, NN AF Ragsdale, NN TI NAPIAP, a USDA program designed to respond to pesticide regulatory issues. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,NAPIAP,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 33 EP CHAL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48201951 ER PT J AU Bradow, JM Hinojosa, O Wartelle, LH AF Bradow, JM Hinojosa, O Wartelle, LH TI Quantitation of cotton fiber chronological, physiological, physical, and biochemical maturities SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 34 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200812 ER PT J AU Knothe, G Bagby, MO AF Knothe, G Bagby, MO TI Biodiesel: The use of vegetable oils and their derivatives as alternative diesel fuels SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 34 EP BTEC PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA485 UT WOS:A1996UA48501970 ER PT J AU Zhu, YJ Albert, K Moore, P AF Zhu, YJ Albert, K Moore, P TI Regulation of acid invertase in stem internodes of sugarcane SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HAWAIIAN SUGAR PLANTERS ASSOC,DEPT GENET & PATHOL,AIEA,HI 96701. ARS,USDA,AIEA,HI 96701. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 34 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200032 ER PT J AU Bilboulian, S Torrents, A Hapeman, CJ Anderson, BG AF Bilboulian, S Torrents, A Hapeman, CJ Anderson, BG TI Doc structural influences on the photolytic fate of atrazine SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT CIVIL ENGN,ENV ENG PROGRAM,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. ARS,USDA,ENVIRONM CHEM LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 35 EP ENVR PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48202396 ER PT J AU Moats, WA Buckley, SA AF Moats, WA Buckley, SA TI Determination of ceftiofur and metabolites in animal tissues and milk using an automated HPLC cleanup. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,USDA,COLLEGE STN,TX 77840. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 35 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200108 ER PT J AU Wartelle, LH Bradow, JM Hinojosa, O AF Wartelle, LH Bradow, JM Hinojosa, O TI Cotton fiber maturity by x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy - Comparison to current methodologies SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 35 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200813 ER PT J AU Rousselle, MA AF Rousselle, MA TI GPC analysis of cellulase-treated cotton fabric SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 36 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200814 ER PT J AU Johnston, JJ Furcolow, CA Windberg, LA Kimball, BA AF Johnston, JJ Furcolow, CA Windberg, LA Kimball, BA TI Metabolism of tetra- and pentachlorobenzenes by coyotes: Development of physiological markers for animal damage control. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,DENVER,CO 80225. UTAH STATE UNIV,USDA,DENVER WILDLIFE RES CTR,LOGAN,UT 84322. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 37 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200110 ER PT J AU Hatano, T Hemingway, RW AF Hatano, T Hemingway, RW TI NMR studies of conformational isomerism in dimeric procyanidins SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,US FOREST SERV,SO RES STN,PINEVILLE,LA 71360. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 38 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200816 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Bothast, RJ AF Saha, BC Bothast, RJ TI Enzymes in biomass conversion SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 40 EP BTEC PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA485 UT WOS:A1996UA48501976 ER PT J AU Terashima, N Atalla, RH VanderHart, DL AF Terashima, N Atalla, RH VanderHart, DL TI Solid state NMR of specifically 13C-enriched lignin in wheat straw SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,US DC,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 41 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200819 ER PT J AU Roberts, VA Nachman, RJ AF Roberts, VA Nachman, RJ TI Determining receptor-bound conformations of insect neuropeptides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 SCRIPPS RES INST, LA JOLLA, CA 92037 USA. USDA ARS, FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB, COLLEGE STN, TX 77845 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 43 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48202234 ER PT J AU Koeltzow, DE AF Koeltzow, DE TI The selection and performance of test kits for measuring mycotoxins in grain and grain products. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,GIPSA TECH CTR,KANSAS CITY,MO 64153. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 48 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200046 ER PT J AU Moats, WA AF Moats, WA TI Determination of B-lactam antibiotic residues in foods of animal origin. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 50 EP AGFD PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200048 ER PT J AU Ralph, J Hatfield, RD Grabber, JH Quideau, S Helm, RF AF Ralph, J Hatfield, RD Grabber, JH Quideau, S Helm, RF TI Mechanisms of polysaccharide-polysaccharide and polysaccharide-lignin cross-linking in grasses SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 51 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200829 ER PT J AU Grabber, JH Hatfield, RD Ralph, J AF Grabber, JH Hatfield, RD Ralph, J TI Altering lignin-composition, structure and cross-linking: Potential impact on cell wall degradation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 54 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200832 ER PT J AU Hatfield, RD Ralph, J AF Hatfield, RD Ralph, J TI Molecular modeling of dehydrodiferulates: Are intramolecular dimers feasible within grass walls? SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 55 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200833 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Ralph, SA Hirth, KC AF Agarwal, UP Ralph, SA Hirth, KC TI Intermolecular interactions of coniferaldehyde SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 57 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200835 ER PT J AU Dailey, OD Dowler, CC AF Dailey, OD Dowler, CC TI Herbicidal evaluation of rice bran and sunflower hull formulations of alachlor, atrazine, and metribuzin. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,SO REG RES CTR,USDA,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. USDA ARS,GEORGIA COASTAL PLAIN EXPT STN,CROP RES UNIT,TIFTON,GA 31793. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 60 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200133 ER PT J AU Hicks, KB Simms, PJ Hotchkiss, AT Irwin, PL Osman, SF AF Hicks, KB Simms, PJ Hotchkiss, AT Irwin, PL Osman, SF TI beta-cyclodextrin-bonded silica gel: A versatile stationary phase for high performance liquid chromatography of neutral and acidic oligosaccharides. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 60 EP CARB PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200751 ER PT J AU Pepperman, AB Kuan, JCW Johnson, RM AF Pepperman, AB Kuan, JCW Johnson, RM TI Preparation and properties of controlled release formulations of atrazine based on linseed oil and sodium alginate with various clay fillers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 61 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200134 ER PT J AU Allen, SG Spencer, MJ Antal, MJ AF Allen, SG Spencer, MJ Antal, MJ TI Semi-chemical pulping using the Aquasolv process SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV HAWAII MANOA,HAWAII NAT ENERGY INST,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV HAWAII MANOA,DEPT ENGN MECH,HONOLULU,HI 96822. USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,US FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 66 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200844 ER PT J AU Lerch, RN Thurman, EM AF Lerch, RN Thurman, EM TI Extraction of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products from soil by cation exchange. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,CROPPING SYST & WATER QUAL RES UNIT,COLUMBIA,MO. US GEOL SURVEY,DIV WATER RESOURCES,ORGAN GEOCHEM RES GRP,LAWRENCE,KS. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 68 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200141 ER PT J AU Goli, DM Locke, MA AF Goli, DM Locke, MA TI Supercritical fluid extraction of cyanazine. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,SO WEED SCI LAB,STONEVILLE,MS 38776. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 69 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200142 ER PT J AU French, AD AF French, AD TI Modeling carbohydrates. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 72 EP COMP PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48202263 ER PT J AU Eggleston, G AF Eggleston, G TI Characterization of sucrose thermal degradation under constant pH conditions. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,SO REG RES CTR,USDA,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 74 EP CARB PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200765 ER PT J AU Houtman, CJ AF Houtman, CJ TI Coupling of monolignols: Effects of the molecular environment. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 75 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200853 ER PT J AU Johnson, WE Hall, LW McConnell, LL AF Johnson, WE Hall, LW McConnell, LL TI Surface water concentrations of agrochemicals in a small subwatershed of Chesapeake Bay during a critical storm event. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 77 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200150 ER PT J AU Connick, WJ Daigle, DJ Williams, KS Vinyard, BT Pepperman, AB AF Connick, WJ Daigle, DJ Williams, KS Vinyard, BT Pepperman, AB TI Storage stability of bioherbicides in a novel delivery system. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,SRRC,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. ARS,USDA,BARC W,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 89 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200162 ER PT J AU Daigle, DJ Connick, WJ Lovisa, MP Vinyard, BT Pepperman, AB AF Daigle, DJ Connick, WJ Lovisa, MP Vinyard, BT Pepperman, AB TI Determination of bioherbicide viability in a novel delivery system. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,SRRC,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. ARS,BPDL,BARC W,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 90 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200163 ER PT J AU Vigo, TL Danna, GF AF Vigo, TL Danna, GF TI Magnesium hydroperoxyacetate (MHPA) and magnesium dihydroperoxide (MDHP): New antibacterial agents for fibrous substrates SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 90 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200868 ER PT J AU Collier, BJ Collier, JR Negulescu, II Nichols, R Seyfzadeh, B Tao, W AF Collier, BJ Collier, JR Negulescu, II Nichols, R Seyfzadeh, B Tao, W TI Cellulose/nylon skin/core fibers. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 91 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200869 ER PT J AU Johnson, RM Pepperman, AB AF Johnson, RM Pepperman, AB TI Release rates of alginate controlled release herbicide-fertilizer formulations. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,SRRC,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 92 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200165 ER PT J AU Bertoniere, NR Howley, PS King, WD Rousselle, MA AF Bertoniere, NR Howley, PS King, WD Rousselle, MA TI Structure of cotton cellulose modified with cellulolytic enzymes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 94 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200872 ER PT J AU Southwick, LM Willis, GH Bengtson, RL Mercado, OA AF Southwick, LM Willis, GH Bengtson, RL Mercado, OA TI Effect of subsurface drains on runoff losses of metolachlor and trifluralin from Mississippi River alluvial soil. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BATON ROUGE,LA 70894. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOL & AGR ENGN,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 94 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200167 ER PT J AU Argauer, RJ Eller, KI Pfeil, RM Brown, RT AF Argauer, RJ Eller, KI Pfeil, RM Brown, RT TI Determining ten synthetic pyrethroids in lettuce and ground meat using ion-trap mass spectrometry and electron capture gas chromatography after supercritical fluid extraction. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 95 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200168 ER PT J AU Muldoon, MT Font, IA Young, CR Stanker, LH AF Muldoon, MT Font, IA Young, CR Stanker, LH TI Development of a monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay for the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfapyridine. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 97 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200170 ER PT J AU Beier, RC Stanker, LH AF Beier, RC Stanker, LH TI Molecular modeling studies of fumonisins B-1 and B-2 and their backbones. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 98 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200171 ER PT J AU Goldberg, S Forster, HS AF Goldberg, S Forster, HS TI Sorption of molybdenum on oxides, clay minerals, and soils: Mechanisms and models. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,US SALIN LAB,RIVERSIDE,CA 92507. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 98 EP GEOC PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48202765 ER PT J AU Buckley, SA Stanker, LH AF Buckley, SA Stanker, LH TI Detection of ceftiofur in bovine tissues and fluids by immunoassay SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,COLLEGE STN,TX 77485. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 99 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200172 ER PT J AU DeMilo, AB Lee, CJ Levi, VA Moreno, DS AF DeMilo, AB Lee, CJ Levi, VA Moreno, DS TI An acid hydrolysate of chicken feathers, a new attractant for the West Indian fruit fly. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,PSI,ICEL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,USDA,SPA,CQ&FIR,WESLACO,TX 78596. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 100 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200173 ER PT J AU Goynes, WR Ingber, BF Moreau, JP AF Goynes, WR Ingber, BF Moreau, JP TI Microscopic assessment of structures and finishes of nonwoven fabrics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 101 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200879 ER PT J AU Lee, CJ DeMilo, AB Moreno, DS Mangan, RL AF Lee, CJ DeMilo, AB Moreno, DS Mangan, RL TI Identification and bioassay of the volatile components of E802-mazoferm steepwater, a commercial animal food highly attractive to the Mexican fruit fly. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,PSI,ICEL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,USDA,SPA,CQ&FIR,WESLACO,TX 78596. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 101 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200174 ER PT J AU Avery, JW Liquido, NJ Cunningham, RT Leonhardt, BA Waters, RM AF Avery, JW Liquido, NJ Cunningham, RT Leonhardt, BA Waters, RM TI Volatile components of rectal glands of the Malaysian fruit fly Bactrocera latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae) SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,INSECT CHEM ECOL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 102 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200175 ER PT J AU Cardamone, JM Bao, G Marmer, WN AF Cardamone, JM Bao, G Marmer, WN TI Pretreatment systems for union dyeing wool/cotton. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,EASTERN REG RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 102 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200880 ER PT J AU Calamari, TA Tao, W Shih, F AF Calamari, TA Tao, W Shih, F TI Structure and properties of kenaf fiber bundles. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,SO REG RES CTR,USDA,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 105 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200883 ER PT J AU Blanchard, EJ Graves, EE AF Blanchard, EJ Graves, EE TI Modification of cellulose with enzymes SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,SO REG RES CTR,USDA,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70179. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 106 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200884 ER PT J AU Gilman, SD Gee, SJ Jones, AD Denison, MS Sanborn, JR Stanker, LH Hammock, BD AF Gilman, SD Gee, SJ Jones, AD Denison, MS Sanborn, JR Stanker, LH Hammock, BD TI The development of an ELISA for TCDD and analytical surrogates related to TCDD SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,FACIL ADV INSTRUMENTAT,DAVIS,CA 95616. USDA,COLLEGE STN,TX. RI Jones, Arthur/C-2670-2013; Gilman, Samuel/D-1635-2016 OI Jones, Arthur/0000-0002-7408-6690; Gilman, Samuel/0000-0001-7208-3894 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 106 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200179 ER PT J AU Lu, F Ralph, J AF Lu, F Ralph, J TI A new lignin characterization method: Derivatization/reductive cleavage as an alternative to analytical thioacidolysis. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,USDA,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 110 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200888 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Atalla, RH Ralph, SA AF Agarwal, UP Atalla, RH Ralph, SA TI Raman spectroscopy of lignin. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 111 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200889 ER PT J AU Tirumalai, VC Agarwal, UP Obst, JR AF Tirumalai, VC Agarwal, UP Obst, JR TI Application of Raman microspectroscopy to woody plant cells: From cell corners to spirals. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,USDA,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 112 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200890 ER PT J AU Lamoureux, GL Simoneaux, BJ Larson, J AF Lamoureux, GL Simoneaux, BJ Larson, J TI 2-chloro-4,6-(bis)alkylamino-s-triazine metabolism in plants. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BIOSCI RES LAB,FARGO,ND 58105. CIBA GEIGY CORP,GREENSBORO,NC 27419. ABC LABS,PAN AG DIV,MADERA,CA 93638. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 117 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200190 ER PT J AU Kirk, TK Jeffries, TW AF Kirk, TK Jeffries, TW TI Roles for microbial enzymes in pulp and paper processing. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,INST MICROBIAL & BIOCHEM TECHNOL,USDA,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 122 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200900 ER PT J AU Houtman, CJ Atalla, RH AF Houtman, CJ Atalla, RH TI Glucomanan and xyloglucan association with model cellulose surfaces. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 124 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200902 ER PT J AU Abosharkh, B Atalla, RH AF Abosharkh, B Atalla, RH TI Photoconductivity in wood: Evidence for electron transport pathways in native lignin. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM ENGN,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 130 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200908 ER PT J AU Kirk, TK AF Kirk, TK TI Current fungal biotechnologies: Guidelines useful for pulping and bleaching. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,USDA,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 137 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200915 ER PT J AU Akhtar, M Kirk, TK AF Akhtar, M Kirk, TK TI An overview of biopulping consortia research. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 138 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200916 ER PT J AU Myers, GC Akhtar, M Lentz, M Scott, GM Sykes, MS AF Myers, GC Akhtar, M Lentz, M Scott, GM Sykes, MS TI Biological pretreatment for thermomechanical (TMP) and chemithermomechanical (CTMP) pulping processes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 140 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200918 ER PT J AU Schmidt, EL Olsen, KK AF Schmidt, EL Olsen, KK TI Compression of non-sterile green wood chips as an aid to fungal pretreatment (biopulping). SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT FOREST PROD,ST PAUL,MN 55108. USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 141 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200919 ER PT J AU Ludley, FH Ralph, J AF Ludley, FH Ralph, J TI Preparation of the glucosides of coniferyl and sinapyl p-coumarate. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 156 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200934 ER PT J AU Ralph, J Zhang, Y Ede, RM AF Ralph, J Zhang, Y Ede, RM TI Preparation of synthetic lignins with superior NMR characteristics. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 157 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200935 ER PT J AU Landucci, LL Ralph, SA AF Landucci, LL Ralph, SA TI NMR substituent effects - Assessment of lignin model quality in lignin chemical shift assignments. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 158 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200936 ER PT J AU Saha, BC Bothast, RJ AF Saha, BC Bothast, RJ TI Novel glucose tolerant beta-glucosidase from Candida peltata SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 158 EP BIOT PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200613 ER PT J AU Agarwal, UP Obst, JR Cannon, AB AF Agarwal, UP Obst, JR Cannon, AB TI Lignin analysis by FT-Raman spectroscopy. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 159 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200937 ER PT J AU Lu, F Ralph, J AF Lu, F Ralph, J TI NMR studies on a new method for selective degradation of lignins. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,US DAIRY FORAGE RES CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 160 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200938 ER PT J AU Boyd, GD Templeton, MC Ingram, LL Strom, BL Roten, LM Hayes, JL AF Boyd, GD Templeton, MC Ingram, LL Strom, BL Roten, LM Hayes, JL TI Analysis of oleoresin from southern yellow pines. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV,FOREST PROD LAB,STARKVILLE,MS 39759. US FOREST SERV,SO FOREST EXPT STN,USDA,PINEVILLE,LA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 166 EP CELL PN 1 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200944 ER PT J AU Rials, TG Liu, FP AF Rials, TG Liu, FP TI Inverse GC characterization of lignocellulosic fiber surfaces SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST SERV,SO RES STN,PINEVILLE,LA. OREGON STATE UNIV,FOREST RES LAB,CORVALLIS,OR 97331. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 170 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200948 ER PT J AU Steinheimer, TR Scoggin, KD AF Steinheimer, TR Scoggin, KD TI Transport of agricultural chemicals within a small watershed of the Iowa loess hills SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,NATL SOIL TILTH LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 193 EP AGRO PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200265 ER PT J AU Messner, K Srebotnik, E Koller, K AF Messner, K Srebotnik, E Koller, K TI Bio-sulphite pulping with Ceriporiopsis subvermispora SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TECHNOL,INST BIOCHEM TECHNOL & MICROBIOL,A-1060 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 202 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200980 ER PT J AU Sabharwal, HS Young, RA Akhtar, M Blanchette, RA AF Sabharwal, HS Young, RA Akhtar, M Blanchette, RA TI Biological approach for pulping and bleaching of non-woody plants. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT FORESTRY,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR BIOTECHNOL,MADISON,WI 53706. USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,INST MICROBIAL & BIOCHEM TECHNOL,FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PLANT PATHOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 204 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200982 ER PT J AU Christov, LP Akhtar, M AF Christov, LP Akhtar, M TI Use of Ceriporiopsis subvermispora in dissolving pulp production SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ORANGE FREE STATE,DEPT MICROBIOL & BIOCHEM,BLOEMFONTEIN 9300,SOUTH AFRICA. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR BIOTECHNOL,MADISON,WI 53705. USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,INST MICROBIAL & BIOCHEM TECHNOL,FOREST SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 205 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200983 ER PT J AU Moen, MA Weinstock, IA Hammel, KE Houtman, CJ Reiner, RS Atalla, RH AF Moen, MA Weinstock, IA Hammel, KE Houtman, CJ Reiner, RS Atalla, RH TI Polyoxometalate delignification of kraft pulp: Kinetics and mechanism. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US FOREST SERV,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Houtman, Carl/I-4469-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 221 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48200999 ER PT J AU Sreenath, HK Yang, VW Burdsall, HH Jeffries, TW AF Sreenath, HK Yang, VW Burdsall, HH Jeffries, TW TI Toner removal by alkaline active cellulases from desert basidiomycetes. SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,FOREST PROD LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. RI Jeffries, Thomas/I-8576-2012 OI Jeffries, Thomas/0000-0001-7408-4065 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 228 EP CELL PN 1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA482 UT WOS:A1996UA48201006 ER PT J AU Chen, L Imam, SH Stein, TM Gordon, SH Hou, CT Greene, RV AF Chen, L Imam, SH Stein, TM Gordon, SH Hou, CT Greene, RV TI Starch-polyvinyl alcohol cast film - Performance and biodegradation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,BIOPOLMER RES UNIT,PEORIA,IL 61604. USDA ARS,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,OIL CHEM RES UNIT,PEORIA,IL 61604. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 24 PY 1996 VL 211 BP 397 EP POLY PN 2 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA UA485 UT WOS:A1996UA48501624 ER PT J AU Matulova, M Navarini, L Osman, SF Fett, WF AF Matulova, M Navarini, L Osman, SF Fett, WF TI NMR analysis of galactoglucan from Pseudomonas marginalis: Assignment of the H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra and location of succinate groups SO CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE marginalan; galactoglucan; succinate; NMR ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ROOT NODULE INVASION; RHIZOBIUM-MELILOTI; ACIDIC EXOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; HT041B C1 POLYTECH RES CTR,AREA RIC,I-34012 TRIESTE,ITALY. POLYBIOS RES CTR,AREA RIC,I-34012 TRIESTE,ITALY. ARS,PLANT SCI & TECHNOL,EASTERN REG RES CTR,USDA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19118. SLOVAK ACAD SCI,INST CHEM,BRATISLAVA 84238,SLOVAKIA. RI Matulova, Maria/H-3526-2011 OI Matulova, Maria/0000-0002-4786-3108 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0008-6215 J9 CARBOHYD RES JI Carbohydr. Res. PD MAR 22 PY 1996 VL 283 BP 195 EP 205 DI 10.1016/0008-6215(95)00413-0 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA UC890 UT WOS:A1996UC89000015 PM 8901271 ER PT J AU Kobayashi, K Oka, K Forte, T Ishida, B Teng, BB IshimuraOka, K Nakamuta, M Chan, L AF Kobayashi, K Oka, K Forte, T Ishida, B Teng, BB IshimuraOka, K Nakamuta, M Chan, L TI Reversal of hypercholesterolemia in low density lipoprotein receptor knockout mice by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of the very low density lipoprotein receptor SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LDL-RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; RNA; METABOLISM; CLEARANCE; TYPE-5 AB We have used the technique of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to study the in vivo function of the very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) in low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) knockout mice. We generated a replication-defective adenovirus (AdmVLDLR) containing mouse VLDLR cDNA driven by a cytomegalovirus promoter, Transduction of cultured Hepa (mouse hepatoma) cells and LDLR-deficient CHO-IdIA7 cells in vitro by the virus led to high-level expression of immunoreactive VLDLR proteins with molecular sizes of 143 kDa and 161 kDa, Digestion of the cell extract with the enzymes neuraminidase, N-glycanase, and O-glycanase resulted in the stepwise lowering of the apparent size of the 161-kDa species toward the 143-kDa species. LDLR (-/-) mice fed a 0.2% cholesterol diet were treated with a single intravenous injection of 3 x 10(9) plaque-forming units of AdmVLDLR, Control LDLR (-/-) mice received either phosphate-buffered saline or AdLacZ, a similar adenovirus containing the LacZ cDNA instead of mVLDLR cDNA. Comparison of the plasma lipids in the 3 groups of mice indicates that in the AdmVLDL animals, total cholesterol is reduced by similar to 50% at days 4 and 9 and returned toward control values on day 21. in these animals, there was also a similar to 30% reduction in plasma apolipoprotein (apo) E accompanied by a 90% fall in apoB-100 on day 4 of treatment, By FPLC analysis, the major reduction in plasma cholesterol in the AdmVLDL animals was accounted for by a marked reduction in the intermediate density lipoprotein/low density lipoprotein (IDL/LDL) fraction. Plasma VLDL, IDL/LDL, and HDL were isolated from the three groups of animals by ultracentrifugal flotation, In the AdmVLDLR animals, there was substantial loss (similar to 65%) of protein and cholesterol mainly in the IDL/LDL fraction on days 4 and 9, Nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis indicates a preferential loss of the IDL peak although the LDL peak was also reduced, When I-125-IDL was administered intravenously into animals on day 4, the AdmVLDLR animals cleared the I-125-IDL at a rate 5-10 times higher than the AdLacZ animals. We conclude that adenovirus-mediated transfer of the C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-16512, HL-18574] NR 34 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 22 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 12 BP 6852 EP 6860 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UB157 UT WOS:A1996UB15700045 PM 8636110 ER PT J AU Loper, J AF Loper, J TI Weed management and pear russetting SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP Loper, J (reprint author), USDA ARS,3420 NW ORCHARD AVE,CORVALLIS,OR 97330, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD MAR 22 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 5256 BP 1654 EP 1654 DI 10.1126/science.271.5256.1654 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UB151 UT WOS:A1996UB15100007 PM 17737259 ER PT J AU Jolly, CJ Glenn, GM Rahman, S AF Jolly, CJ Glenn, GM Rahman, S TI GSP-1 genes are linked to the grain hardness locus (H alpha) on wheat chromosome 5D SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Triticum aestivum; grain quality; inheritance; restriction fragment length polymorphism ID KERNEL HARDNESS; ENDOSPERM; PROTEIN; STARCH; SOFTNESS; QUALITY; MARKERS; BARLEY AB An important determinant of wheat grain quality is the hardness of the grain. The trait is controlled by a major locus, Ha, on the short arm of chromosome 5D, Purified starch granules from soft-grained wheats have associated with them 15-kDa polypeptides called grain softness proteins (GSPs) or ''friabilins.'' Genes that encode one family of closely related GSP polypeptides - GSP-1 genes - were mapped using chromosome substitution lines to the group 5 chromosomes, An F-2 population segregating for hard and soft alleles at the Ha locus on a near-isogenic background was used in a single-seed study of the inheritance of grain softness and of GSP-1 alleles, Grain softness versus grain hardness was inherited in a 3:1 ratio. The presence versus absence of GSPs in single seed starch preparations was coinherited with grain softness versus hardness, This showed that grain softness is primarily determined by seed, and not by maternal, genotype, in addition, no recombination was detected in 44 F-2 plants between GSP-1 restriction fragment length polymorphisms and Ha alleles, Differences between hard and soft wheat grains in membrane structure and lipid extractability have been described and, of the three characterized proteins that are part of the mixture of 15-kDa polypeptides called GSPs, at least two, and probably all three, are proteins that bind polar lipids, The data are interpreted to suggest that the Ha locus may encode one or more members of a large family of lipid-binding proteins. C1 CSIRO,DIV PLANT IND,GRAIN QUAL RES LAB,N RYDE,NSW 2113,AUSTRALIA. AGR RES SERV,USDA,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 43 TC 63 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAR 19 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 6 BP 2408 EP 2413 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.6.2408 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UB121 UT WOS:A1996UB12100032 PM 8637887 ER PT J AU Muldoon, MT Stanker, LH AF Muldoon, MT Stanker, LH TI Plastic antibodies: Molecularly-imprinted polymers SO CHEMISTRY & INDUSTRY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID DERIVATIVES; ENZYME-ANALOGOUS STRUCTURE; MACROPOROUS POLYMERS; SYNTHETIC-POLYMERS; RACEMIC-RESOLUTION; CHIRAL CAVITIES; BUILT POLYMERS; RECOGNITION; BINDING; SELECTIVITY RP Muldoon, MT (reprint author), USDA ARS,FOOD ANIM PROTECT RES LAB,ROUTE 5,COLLEGE STN,TX 77845, USA. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY PI LONDON PA 14 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1X 8PS SN 0009-3068 J9 CHEM IND-LONDON JI Chem. Ind. PD MAR 18 PY 1996 IS 6 BP 204 EP 207 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Applied SC Chemistry GA UB719 UT WOS:A1996UB71900024 ER PT J AU Josberger, EG Gloersen, P Chang, A Rango, A AF Josberger, EG Gloersen, P Chang, A Rango, A TI The effects of snowpack grain size on satellite passive microwave observations from the Upper Colorado River Basin SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS LA English DT Article ID WATER EQUIVALENT; NIMBUS-7 SMMR; PARAMETERS; RADIOMETRY; COVER AB Understanding the passive microwave emissions of a snowpack, as observed by satellite sensors, requires knowledge of the snowpack properties: water equivalent, grain size, density, and stratigraphy. For the snowpack in the Upper Colorado River Basin, measurements of snow depth and water equivalent are routinely available from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, but extremely limited information is available for the other properties. To provide this information, a field program from 1984 to 1995 obtained profiles of snowpack grain size, density, and temperature near the time of maximum snow accumulation, at sites distributed across the basin. A synoptic basin-wide sampling program in 1985 showed that the snowpack exhibits consistent properties across large regions. Typically, the snowpack in the Wyoming region contains large amounts of depth hear, with grain sizes up to 5 lmm, while the snowpack in Colorado and Utah is dominated by rounded snow grains less than 2 mm in diameter. In the Wyoming region, large depth hear crystals in shallow snowpacks yield the lowest emissivities or coldest brightness temperatures observed across the entire basin. Yearly differences in the average grain sizes result primarily from variations in the relative amount of depth hear within the snowpack. The average grain size for the Colorado and Utah regions shows much less variation than do the grain sizes from the Wyoming region. Furthermore, the greatest amounts of depth hear occur in the Wyoming region during 1987 and 1992, years with strong El Nino Southern Oscillation, but the Colorado and Utah regions do not show this behavior. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. USDA ARS,HYDROL LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. RP Josberger, EG (reprint author), UNIV PUGET SOUND,US GEOL SURVEY,TACOMA,WA 98416, USA. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans PD MAR 15 PY 1996 VL 101 IS C3 BP 6679 EP 6688 DI 10.1029/95JC02959 PG 10 WC Oceanography SC Oceanography GA UA574 UT WOS:A1996UA57400027 ER PT J AU Lager, KM Mengeling, WL Brockmeier, SL AF Lager, KM Mengeling, WL Brockmeier, SL TI Effect of post-coital intrauterine inoculation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on conception in gilts SO VETERINARY RECORD LA English DT Article ID EARED PIG-DISEASE AB The effect of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) on early gestation was investigated by exposing susceptible gilts to the virus shortly after they had been bred naturally, Sixteen gilts were exposed intrauterinely to PRRSV and 23 gilts received a sham inoculum, One day after exposure, and on or about seven, 14, and 30 days after exposure, the gilts were bled and the serum was tested for PRRSV and homologous antibody, The pregnancy status of each gilt was determined on day 30 by ultrasound, and near or at term either by necropsy or by allowing the gilts to farrow naturally, All 16 gilts exposed to PRRSV became infected, as evidenced by the detection of PRRSV in seven of the gilts and homologous antibody in the serum of all of them, whereas all the 23 gilts exposed to a sham inoculum remained free of both virus and antibody, Ten of the 16 infected gilts conceived, and 19 of the 23 uninfected gilts conceived, but the difference in conception rate was not statistically significant, Moreover, the mean numbers of live fetuses or pigs per litter of the infected and uninfected gilts were similar (9.7 and 9.3), These results suggest that the intrauterine infection of susceptible pigs with PRRSV at or near the time of conception may have little or no effect on their reproductive performance. RP Lager, KM (reprint author), USDA ARS,NATL ANIM DIS CTR,VIROL SWINE RES UNIT,POB 70,AMES,IA 50010, USA. NR 12 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH VETERINARY ASSOC PI LONDON PA 7 MANSFIELD ST, LONDON, ENGLAND W1M 0AT SN 0042-4900 J9 VET REC JI Vet. Rec. PD MAR 9 PY 1996 VL 138 IS 10 BP 227 EP 228 PG 2 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA UA506 UT WOS:A1996UA50600005 PM 8686138 ER PT J AU Guidry, CA Schoene, NW AF Guidry, CA Schoene, NW TI Genistein inhibits reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation during activation of rat platelets. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTRIENTS REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 255 EP 255 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400255 ER PT J AU Schoene, NW Rhodes, DG Rumpler, WV AF Schoene, NW Rhodes, DG Rumpler, WV TI Smaller mean platelet volumes in post menopausal women receiving hormone-replacement therapy. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTRIENTS REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 256 EP 256 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400256 ER PT J AU Jakobsson, E Novotny, JA AF Jakobsson, E Novotny, JA TI The theoretical basis for the efficacy of amiloride treatment of cystic fibrosis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 531 EP 531 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400533 ER PT J AU Spiers, DE Eichen, PA Robinson, EL Matteri, RL Byatt, JC AF Spiers, DE Eichen, PA Robinson, EL Matteri, RL Byatt, JC TI Treatment of adult rat with recombinant bovine somatotropin increases growth during heat challenge. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MISSOURI,USDA ARS,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. MONSANTO AGR CO,ST LOUIS,MO 63198. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 655 EP 655 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400653 ER PT J AU Adeyemo, O Phadtare, L Lan, HC Walbey, D Knowles, DP AF Adeyemo, O Phadtare, L Lan, HC Walbey, D Knowles, DP TI Inhibition of caprine arthritis: Encephalitis virus (CAEV) isolates by recombinant GP 135 glycoprotein. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUSKEGEE UNIV,TUSKEGEE,AL 36088. USDA ARS,PULLMAN,WA 99164. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 754 EP 754 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400756 ER PT J AU Wang, S Paape, MJ Narva, H Vienonen, A AF Wang, S Paape, MJ Narva, H Vienonen, A TI Effects of immunoglobulin binding on signal transduction in bovine neutrophils. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA,ARS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV TURKU,TURKU,FINLAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 815 EP 815 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400815 ER PT J AU Mura, CV Hayek, MG Wu, D Han, SN Beharka, AA Paulson, E Hwang, D Meydani, SN AF Mura, CV Hayek, MG Wu, D Han, SN Beharka, AA Paulson, E Hwang, D Meydani, SN TI Aging increases murine macrophage (M Phi) cyclooxygenase (COX-2) mRNA expression SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70808. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 846 EP 846 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400848 ER PT J AU Stickel, F Meydani, M Wu, D Martin, A Bronson, R Meydani, SN Smith, D Russell, R AF Stickel, F Meydani, M Wu, D Martin, A Bronson, R Meydani, SN Smith, D Russell, R TI Effect of vitamin E (E) on prostaglandin (PG) levels in aspirin-induced acute gastric injury in old rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 985 EP 985 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400985 ER PT J AU Li, W Norred, WP AF Li, W Norred, WP TI Effect of fumonisin on aflatoxin metabolism in mouse liver. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,RUSSELL RES CTR,ATHENS,GA 30613. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1021 EP 1021 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401020 ER PT J AU Saltzman, E Dallal, GE Roberts, SB AF Saltzman, E Dallal, GE Roberts, SB TI Effect of dietary composition and genotype on energy intake SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1071 EP 1071 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401071 ER PT J AU Chen, XL Carver, C Wright, JT Hausman, GJ Martin, RJ Dean, RG AF Chen, XL Carver, C Wright, JT Hausman, GJ Martin, RJ Dean, RG TI OB gene expression during porcine preadipocyte differentiation in vitro SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD & NUTR,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ANIM & DAIRY SCI,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1075 EP 1075 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401076 ER PT J AU Vogel, S Schwab, US Lichtenstein, AH Schaefer, EJ LammiKeefe, CJ AF Vogel, S Schwab, US Lichtenstein, AH Schaefer, EJ LammiKeefe, CJ TI Dietary fatty acids, LDL antioxidants and LDL susceptibility to oxidation in human subjects SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. TUFTS UNIV,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1083 EP 1083 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401083 ER PT J AU Xu, S Brannon, PM Ellwood, KC Hallfrisch, J AF Xu, S Brannon, PM Ellwood, KC Hallfrisch, J TI Protective effect of carotenoid-containing vegetables on oxidation of low density lipoprotein SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. USDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. CSREES & ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1084 EP 1084 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401086 ER PT J AU Motil, KJ Kertz, B Montandon, CM Ellis, KJ AF Motil, KJ Kertz, B Montandon, CM Ellis, KJ TI Dietary nutrients are diverted from milk production to body stores in lactating adolescents. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1095 EP 1095 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401095 ER PT J AU Beck, MA Shi, Q Morris, VC Levander, OA AF Beck, MA Shi, Q Morris, VC Levander, OA TI From avirulent to virulent: Vitamin E deficiency in mice drives rapid genomic evolution of a Coxsackie D3 virus. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1101 EP 1101 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401101 ER PT J AU Wu, D Han, SN Meydani, SN AF Wu, D Han, SN Meydani, SN TI Vitamin E (E) supplementation inhibits macrophage (M phi) cyclooxygenase (COX) activity of old mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JM USDA HNRCA,NUTR IMMUNOL LAB,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1102 EP 1102 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401104 ER PT J AU Meydani, M Martin, A Wu, D Blumberg, JB Meydani, SN AF Meydani, M Martin, A Wu, D Blumberg, JB Meydani, SN TI Vitamin E prevents cytotoxic injury to human aortic endothelial cells by oxidized LDL in vitro. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JM USDA HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1105 EP 1105 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401103 ER PT J AU VanLoan, MD Sutherland, B Lowe, NM King, JC Turnlund, JR AF VanLoan, MD Sutherland, B Lowe, NM King, JC Turnlund, JR TI Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) to monitor total body water during a zinc depletion/repletion study. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV LIVERPOOL,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. RI Lowe, Nicola/B-5472-2013 OI Lowe, Nicola/0000-0002-6934-2768 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1124 EP 1124 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401124 ER PT J AU Knight, EM Hallfrisch, J Scholfield, D Skinner, S Rumpler, W AF Knight, EM Hallfrisch, J Scholfield, D Skinner, S Rumpler, W TI Effect of moderate alcohol or wine consumption on homocysteine and vitamin status of men and women fed diets containing high and low levels of fat SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOWARD UNIV,CTR DRUG ABUSE RES,COLL ALLIED HLTH SCI,DEPT NUTR SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. USDA,BELTSVILLE HNRC,BELTSVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1137 EP 1137 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401139 ER PT J AU Sofic, E Cao, G Prior, RL AF Sofic, E Cao, G Prior, RL TI Antioxidant capacity of tea and vegetables. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1148 EP 1148 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401148 ER PT J AU Ellwood, KC Loo, G Chen, C Obermeyer, W AF Ellwood, KC Loo, G Chen, C Obermeyer, W TI Ability of ferulic acid to inhibit oxidation of low density lipoprotein. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,CSREES,WASHINGTON,DC 20250. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT FOOD NUTR & FOOD SERV MGT,GREENSBORO,NC 27412. US FDA,WASHINGTON,DC 20204. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1155 EP 1155 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401157 ER PT J AU Phillippy, BQ Graf, E AF Phillippy, BQ Graf, E TI Antioxidant properties of inositol phosphates. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,SO REG RES CTR,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70124. FLAVOR FRONTIER,RATHDRUM,ID 83858. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1156 EP 1156 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401155 ER PT J AU Liang, P Hughes, V Fukagawa, NK AF Liang, P Hughes, V Fukagawa, NK TI Mitochondrial DNA (MtDNA) deletions (DEL) and age-related glucose (GLU) intolerance. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV VERMONT,BURLINGTON,VT. TUFTS UNIV,CTR AGING,USDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1172 EP 1172 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401171 ER PT J AU Mitchell, AD Scholz, AM AF Mitchell, AD Scholz, AM TI Body composition analysis of growing pigs by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. HUMBOLDT UNIV BERLIN,INST BASIC LIVESTOCK SCI,BERLIN,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1203 EP 1203 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401203 ER PT J AU Keim, N VanLoan, M Horn, W Mayclin, P Barbieri, T AF Keim, N VanLoan, M Horn, W Mayclin, P Barbieri, T TI Time of meal ingestion affects loss of weight and fat-free mass (FFM) in women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,USDA,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. RI Horn, William/B-8332-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1206 EP 1206 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401207 ER PT J AU Hopkinson, JM Ellis, K Wong, W Puyan, M Butte, NF AF Hopkinson, JM Ellis, K Wong, W Puyan, M Butte, NF TI Comparison of 2-, 3- and 4-compartment models for estimation of body fat in pregnancy. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1216 EP 1216 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401218 ER PT J AU Wong, WW Butte, NF Hergenroeder, AC Hill, RB Stuff, JE Smith, EO AF Wong, WW Butte, NF Hergenroeder, AC Hill, RB Stuff, JE Smith, EO TI Are the basal metabolic rate (BMR) prediction equations appropriate for female children and adolescents? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1220 EP 1220 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401220 ER PT J AU Seale, JL Conway, JM Rumpler, WV AF Seale, JL Conway, JM Rumpler, WV TI Free-living and sleeping energy expenditure predicted from gender, weight and fat mass. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,BHNRC,USDA,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1221 EP 1221 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401223 ER PT J AU Kras, KM Hausman, DB Hausman, GJ Martin, RJ AF Kras, KM Hausman, DB Hausman, GJ Martin, RJ TI Development of a system for studying early differentiation of adipose cells in culture. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD & NUTR,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1252 EP 1252 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401251 ER PT J AU Hausman, DB Chen, XL Dean, RG Hausman, GJ Martin, RJ AF Hausman, DB Chen, XL Dean, RG Hausman, GJ Martin, RJ TI Ob gene expression during differentiation of preadipocytes in rat stromal-vascular cultures. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT FOOD & NUTR,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ANIM & DAIRY SCI,ATHENS,GA 30602. UNIV GEORGIA,USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30602. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1253 EP 1253 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401254 ER PT J AU Yu, ZK Hausman, GJ AF Yu, ZK Hausman, GJ TI BrdU incorporation blocks in vitro differentiation of porcine preadipocytes SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30613. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1265 EP 1265 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401266 ER PT J AU Burrin, DG Wester, TJ Davis, TA Fiorotto, ML Ziari, S AF Burrin, DG Wester, TJ Davis, TA Fiorotto, ML Ziari, S TI Dexamethasone treatment decreases growth of the distal small intestine in neonatal pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1309 EP 1309 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401308 ER PT J AU Lifschitz, CH Abrams, SA AF Lifschitz, CH Abrams, SA TI Addition of rice cereal to infant formula does not impair bioavailability of calcium and iron. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1322 EP 1322 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401320 ER PT J AU Rosenbaum, SE Kang, YH Greenberg, AS AF Rosenbaum, SE Kang, YH Greenberg, AS TI Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) regulation of mRNA expression in 3T3L1 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1342 EP 1342 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401344 ER PT J AU German, JB Yokoyama, W Irving, D Xu, R Rein, D Walzem, R AF German, JB Yokoyama, W Irving, D Xu, R Rein, D Walzem, R TI Aortic lipid accumulation in the diet-induced hypercholesterolemic hamster. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. USDA ARS,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1368 EP 1368 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401368 ER PT J AU Daudu, PA Yokoyama, WH Fitch, T Sayre, RN Morian, L German, BJ AF Daudu, PA Yokoyama, WH Fitch, T Sayre, RN Morian, L German, BJ TI High variability responses in the hypercholesterolemic hamster model is related to intestinal mucosa acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) enzyme activities. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT FOOD SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1369 EP 1369 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401371 ER PT J AU Burri, BJ Neidlinger, T Clifford, AJ AF Burri, BJ Neidlinger, T Clifford, AJ TI Serum beta-carotene concentrations during carotenoid depletion is influenced by the body pool of vitamin A. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1371 EP 1371 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401370 ER PT J AU Johnson, EJ Krinsky, NI Russell, RM AF Johnson, EJ Krinsky, NI Russell, RM TI Serum response of all-trans beta-carotene and lycopene in humans after ingestion of individual and combined doses of beta-carotene and lycopene. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1376 EP 1376 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401377 ER PT J AU Smith, JC Liu, L Rao, DD Albaugh, GP AF Smith, JC Liu, L Rao, DD Albaugh, GP TI beta-Carotene treatment increases the abundance of connexin43 mRNA in porcine small intestinal epithelia cell line IPEC-1. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA,CAROTENOID RES UNIT,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1379 EP 1379 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401379 ER PT J AU Dixon, ZR Shie, FS Warden, BA Burri, BJ AF Dixon, ZR Shie, FS Warden, BA Burri, BJ TI Effect of low carotene diet on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 FLORIDA INT UNIV,MIAMI,FL 33199. USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1380 EP 1380 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401382 ER PT J AU Yeum, KJ Booth, SL Sadowski, JA Liu, C Tang, G Krinsky, NI Russell, RM AF Yeum, KJ Booth, SL Sadowski, JA Liu, C Tang, G Krinsky, NI Russell, RM TI Human plasma response to the ingestion of controlled diets high in fruits and vegetables. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1381 EP 1381 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401380 ER PT J AU Tang, GW Andrien, B Dolnikowski, G AF Tang, GW Andrien, B Dolnikowski, G TI Determination of the conversion of beta-carotene-D8 to retinol-D4 in humans using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. ANALYTICA BRANFORD INC,BRANFORD,CT 06405. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1386 EP 1386 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401386 ER PT J AU Droke, EA Johnson, LK Lukaski, HC AF Droke, EA Johnson, LK Lukaski, HC TI Fatty acids affect iron uptake and transport in Caco-2 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1431 EP 1431 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401431 ER PT J AU Gangloff, MB Glahn, RP Lai, C VanCampen, DR Miller, DD AF Gangloff, MB Glahn, RP Lai, C VanCampen, DR Miller, DD TI Caco-2 cells cultured in low iron media take up more iron from ferrous ascorbate than cells cultured in high iron media. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,ITHACA,NY 14853. USDA ARS,US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1432 EP 1432 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401433 ER PT J AU South, PK House, WA Miller, DD AF South, PK House, WA Miller, DD TI Chronic tea consumption reduces intestinal permeability but does not affect iron absorption in rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT FOOD SCI,ITHACA,NY 14853. USDA ARS,US PLANT SOIL & NUTR LAB,ITHACA,NY 14853. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1433 EP 1433 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401432 ER PT J AU Saari, JT Allen, CB AF Saari, JT Allen, CB TI Dietary copper deficiency alters vasoactive responses in the rat coronary circulation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1455 EP 1455 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401454 ER PT J AU Lominadze, DG Saari, JT Miller, FN Schuschke, DA AF Lominadze, DG Saari, JT Miller, FN Schuschke, DA TI Effect of shear forces on platelet thrombus formation during copper deficiency in rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV LOUISVILLE,CTR APPL MICROCIRCULATORY RES,LOUISVILLE,KY 40292. USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1456 EP 1456 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401457 ER PT J AU Smits, E Cifrian, E Guidry, AJ Rainard, P Burvenich, C Pappe, MJ AF Smits, E Cifrian, E Guidry, AJ Rainard, P Burvenich, C Pappe, MJ TI Development of a cell culture model for studying neutrophil diapedesis through the mammary epithelial barrier. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,IMMUNOL & DIS RESISTANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. STATE UNIV GHENT,FAC VET MED,B-9820 MERELBEKE,BELGIUM. INRA,PATHOL INFECT & IMMUNOL LAB,F-37380 NOUZILLY,FRANCE. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1486 EP 1486 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401484 ER PT J AU OBrien, C Guidry, A AF OBrien, C Guidry, A TI Antigen-delivery systems for controlled release of ovalbumin in mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1487 EP 1487 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401487 ER PT J AU Wykes, LJ Jahoor, F Dudley, MA Heird, WC AF Wykes, LJ Jahoor, F Dudley, MA Heird, WC TI Amino acid metabolism in neonatal piglets receiving identical total parenteral and enteral nutrition regimens SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,ARS,USDA,HOUSTON,TX 77030. MCGILL UNIV,SCH DIETET & HUMAN NUTR,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1638 EP 1638 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401638 ER PT J AU Davis, TA Fiorotto, RL Burrin, DG WrayCahen, D Nguyen, HV AF Davis, TA Fiorotto, RL Burrin, DG WrayCahen, D Nguyen, HV TI Aminoacyl-tRNA and tissue free precursor pools are equilibrated with a flooding dose of phenylalanine SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,ARS,USDA,DEPT PEDIAT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1643 EP 1643 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401643 ER PT J AU Stoll, B Burrin, DG Henry, JE Liu, D Jahoor, F Reeds, PJ AF Stoll, B Burrin, DG Henry, JE Liu, D Jahoor, F Reeds, PJ TI Using oral (UC)-C-13-protein as a tracer to measure plasma protein synthesis SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,ARS,USDA,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1644 EP 1644 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401644 ER PT J AU Penland, JG Sandstead, HH Alcock, NW Chen, XC Li, JS Yang, JJ Zhao, FJ AF Penland, JG Sandstead, HH Alcock, NW Chen, XC Li, JS Yang, JJ Zhao, FJ TI Cognitive and psychomotor effects of zinc supplementation of urban Chinese children SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,GALVESTON,TX 77550. CHINESE ACAD PREVENT MED,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. QINGDAO MED COLL,QINGDAO,PEOPLES R CHINA. MIL MED UNIV 3,CHONGQING,PEOPLES R CHINA. MIL MED UNIV 2,SHANGHAI,PEOPLES R CHINA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1672 EP 1672 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401670 ER PT J AU Hunt, JR Gallagher, SK Johnson, LK Matthys, LA Lykken, GI AF Hunt, JR Gallagher, SK Johnson, LK Matthys, LA Lykken, GI TI Nonheme iron (Fe) absorption, iron balance, and iron status in women consuming a controlled lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet for 8 weeks SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1677 EP 1677 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401678 ER PT J AU Whiting, SJ Fleet, JC Wood, RJ AF Whiting, SJ Fleet, JC Wood, RJ TI Calcium inhibits transcellular iron transport in CACO-2 cells by reducing iron uptake SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV SASKATCHEWAN,SASKATOON,SK,CANADA. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1679 EP 1679 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401679 ER PT J AU Kretsch, MJ Green, MW Fong, AKH Johnson, HL AF Kretsch, MJ Green, MW Fong, AKH Johnson, HL TI Cognitive task performance is an early indicator of developing borderline hemoglobin concentration in dieting women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. BBSRC INST FOOD RES,READING LAB,READING,BERKS,ENGLAND. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1681 EP 1681 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401683 ER PT J AU Johnson, WT Thomas, AC AF Johnson, WT Thomas, AC TI Dietary copper influences the postnatal expression of protein kinase C isoforms in rat brain SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1687 EP 1687 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401686 ER PT J AU Lukaski, HC Michelsen, KG Sleeper, ME AF Lukaski, HC Michelsen, KG Sleeper, ME TI Impaired thermoregulation of copper-deficient (CuD) rats in the cold is the result of altered thyroid and catecholamine metabolism SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1689 EP 1689 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401687 ER PT J AU Klevay, LM AF Klevay, LM TI Iron overload induces hypercholesterolemia when dietary copper SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1691 EP 1691 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401691 ER PT J AU Seyoum, E Selhub, J AF Seyoum, E Selhub, J TI The use of the affinity HPLC method for folate analysis for the study of the properties of food folate. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2675 EP 2675 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402675 ER PT J AU Johnston, KE Tamura, T Jacob, RA AF Johnston, KE Tamura, T Jacob, RA TI Food folate assay after treatments with protease, alpha-amylase and folate conjugase. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT NUTR SCI,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. USDA,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2676 EP 2676 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402676 ER PT J AU Reeds, PJ Jahoor, F Burrin, DG Wykes, LJ Stoll, B Henry, J Frazer, EM AF Reeds, PJ Jahoor, F Burrin, DG Wykes, LJ Stoll, B Henry, J Frazer, EM TI Mucosal arginine and proline synthesis may derive from different sources of glutamate SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. MCGILL UNIV,SCH DIET & HUMAN NUTR,MONTREAL,PQ H9X 3V9,CANADA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2727 EP 2727 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402727 ER PT J AU Jacob, R Kutnink, M Henning, S Swendseid, M AF Jacob, R Kutnink, M Henning, S Swendseid, M TI Plasma urate concentration increase during vitamin C depletion of healthy women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH PUBL HLTH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2755 EP 2755 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402755 ER PT J AU Lin, Y Burri, BJ Neidlinger, TR Clifford, AJ AF Lin, Y Burri, BJ Neidlinger, TR Clifford, AJ TI Effect of low dietary carotene intake on oxidative susceptibility in women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. USDA ARS,PWA,WHNRC,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2756 EP 2756 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402756 ER PT J AU Fotouhi, N Egtesadi, S Shung, F Gong, X Smith, D Taylor, A Meydani, M AF Fotouhi, N Egtesadi, S Shung, F Gong, X Smith, D Taylor, A Meydani, M TI The effects of vitamin C supplementation and oxygen exposure on guinea pig liver antioxidants. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2768 EP 2768 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402768 ER PT J AU Baker, T Huffman, F Nowverl, A AF Baker, T Huffman, F Nowverl, A TI Nutrient intake of children in single headed male or female, and dual headed households. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOWARD UNIV,DEPT NUTR SCI,WASHINGTON,DC. FLORIDA INT UNIV,DEPT NUTR SCI,MIAMI,FL 33199. USDA,AGR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2776 EP 2776 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402777 ER PT J AU Rose, D Habicht, JP AF Rose, D Habicht, JP TI Increased nutrient intakes among preschool children participating in US food assistance programs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CORNELL UNIV,ITHACA,NY 14853. USDA,ECON RES SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20005. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2809 EP 2809 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402810 ER PT J AU Hayek, MG Taylor, S Bender, BS Han, SN Meydani, M Smith, DE Eghtesada, S Meydani, SN AF Hayek, MG Taylor, S Bender, BS Han, SN Meydani, M Smith, DE Eghtesada, S Meydani, SN TI Vitamin E (E) supplementation decreases lung viral titer in aged mice infected with influenza. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV FLORIDA,GAINESVILLE,FL 32608. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2882 EP 2882 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402881 ER PT J AU Ausman, LM Croll, DH Wood, M Nair, PP Schaefer, EJ Lichtenstein, AH AF Ausman, LM Croll, DH Wood, M Nair, PP Schaefer, EJ Lichtenstein, AH TI Corn oil decreases total fecal steroid excretion SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HNRC AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,SCH NUTR SCI & POLICY,BOSTON,MA 02111. REGIS COLL,WESTON,MA 02193. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOCHEM,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. ARS,USDA,NRFL,BHNRC,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2926 EP 2926 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402926 ER PT J AU Rosebrough, RW AF Rosebrough, RW TI Dietary protein effects on metabolism in the modern turkey SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2952 EP 2952 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402953 ER PT J AU Reynolds, CK Maltby, SA Harmon, DL Prior, RL AF Reynolds, CK Maltby, SA Harmon, DL Prior, RL TI Mesenteric vein L-glycine infusion alters splanchnic amino acid metabolism in steers SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,USDA,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV READING,READING RG6 2AH,BERKS,ENGLAND. UNIV KENTUCKY,LEXINGTON,KY 40506. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2962 EP 2962 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402961 ER PT J AU Lane, MA Baldwin, RL Dawson, TE Jesse, BW AF Lane, MA Baldwin, RL Dawson, TE Jesse, BW TI Dietary effects on sheep rumen morphological development SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 RUTGERS STATE UNIV,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903. ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2963 EP 2963 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402964 ER PT J AU Behall, KM vanderSluijs, AMC Scholfield, D Hallfrisch, J AF Behall, KM vanderSluijs, AMC Scholfield, D Hallfrisch, J TI The effect of cooking oatrim containing soluble beta-glucans on breath hydrogen and methane in humans. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BHNRC,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,USDA,BHNRC,METAB & NUTRIENT INTERACT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3013 EP 3013 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403012 ER PT J AU RibayaMercado, JD Barnett, JB Woods, MN Goldin, BR Qin, J Gorbach, SL Russell, RM AF RibayaMercado, JD Barnett, JB Woods, MN Goldin, BR Qin, J Gorbach, SL Russell, RM TI Plasma trans-retinoic acid (tRA) varies inversely with estrogen during the menstrual cycle (MC). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02111. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3029 EP 3029 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403029 ER PT J AU Davidson, KW Booth, SL OBrien, ME Lichtenstein, AH Sadowski, JA AF Davidson, KW Booth, SL OBrien, ME Lichtenstein, AH Sadowski, JA TI Absorption of dihydro-phylloquinone: A hydrogenated form of dietary vitamin K-1. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3034 EP 3034 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403034 ER PT J AU OBrien, ME Booth, SL Davidson, KW Tucker, K Roubenoff, R Sadowski, JA AF OBrien, ME Booth, SL Davidson, KW Tucker, K Roubenoff, R Sadowski, JA TI Urinary GLA is an indicator of vitamin K nutritional status. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3036 EP 3036 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403038 ER PT J AU Booth, SL Davidson, KW OBrien, ME Tucker, K Sadowski, JA AF Booth, SL Davidson, KW OBrien, ME Tucker, K Sadowski, JA TI Dietary intake and plasma concentrations of vitamin K-1. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,JEAN MAYER HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3037 EP 3037 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403036 ER PT J AU Reeves, PG AF Reeves, PG TI The effects of excess dietary zinc (Zn) on copper (Cu) metabolism in rats are age and diet-dependent. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3062 EP 3062 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403060 ER PT J AU Mukherjea, R MoserVeillon, PB McClelland, FL Yamini, S Veillon, C Patterson, K AF Mukherjea, R MoserVeillon, PB McClelland, FL Yamini, S Veillon, C Patterson, K TI Changes in serum and urine zinc in lactating women after oral dosing with Zn-67. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,VMNL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NFSC,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3064 EP 3064 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403064 ER PT J AU Morris, VC Levander, OA Conway, JM AF Morris, VC Levander, OA Conway, JM TI Comparative status of plasma antioxidants in black and white women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3070 EP 3070 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403070 ER PT J AU Yamini, S Veillon, C Seale, J Patterson, K McClelland, F MoserVeillon, PB AF Yamini, S Veillon, C Seale, J Patterson, K McClelland, F MoserVeillon, PB TI Incorporation, retention and elimination of different chemical forms of selenium in healthy lactating women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,DEPT INT HLTH,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT FOOD SCI & HUMAN NUTR,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3071 EP 3071 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403073 ER PT J AU Freeman, L Rush, J Brown, D Smith, F Ross, J Dinarello, C Roubenoff, R AF Freeman, L Rush, J Brown, D Smith, F Ross, J Dinarello, C Roubenoff, R TI Plasma interleukin-1 (IL-1) predicts survival in congestive heart failure (CHF) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,SCH VET MED,GRAFTON,MA 01536. TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3167 EP 3167 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403169 ER PT J AU Sinha, R Brown, E Rothman, N Swanson, C Knize, M Felton, J Levander, O AF Sinha, R Brown, E Rothman, N Swanson, C Knize, M Felton, J Levander, O TI Exposure assessment of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in epidemiologic studies. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. USDA,BHNRC,NRFL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3172 EP 3172 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403172 ER PT J AU Tucker, K Falcon, L Bermudez, O AF Tucker, K Falcon, L Bermudez, O TI Ethnic and nutrition correlates of disability among Hispanic and non-Hispanic white elders. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BOSTON,MA 02111. RI Tucker, Katherine/A-4545-2010; Falcon, Luis/C-1237-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3173 EP 3173 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403175 ER PT J AU Caballero, B Novotny, JA Conway, JM Schulze, K Field, C Kjolhede, C Dibley, M Sadjimin, T AF Caballero, B Novotny, JA Conway, JM Schulze, K Field, C Kjolhede, C Dibley, M Sadjimin, T TI Validation of a field method for measuring breastmilk intake using deuterium oxide and infrared spectroscopy. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD. USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. IAEA,VIENNA,AUSTRIA. GADJAH MADA UNIV,YOGYAKARTA,INDONESIA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3192 EP 3192 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403191 ER PT J AU Jocson, M Imo, C Bahar, A Mason, E Schanler, R AF Jocson, M Imo, C Bahar, A Mason, E Schanler, R TI Human milk properties and nutrient fortification. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,DEPT PEDIAT,ARS,USDA,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3194 EP 3194 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403192 ER PT J AU Han, SN Wu, D Leka, LS Meydani, SN AF Han, SN Wu, D Leka, LS Meydani, SN TI Effect of mushroom (Coriolus versicolor) extract on the immune response of young and old mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,NUTR IMMUNOL LAB,JM,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3200 EP 3200 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403198 ER PT J AU Kelley, DS Taylor, PC Nelson, GJ Schmidt, PC Mackey, BE AF Kelley, DS Taylor, PC Nelson, GJ Schmidt, PC Mackey, BE TI Effects of dietary arachidonic acid (AA) on human immune response (IR): Stimulation of secondary response to influenza vaccine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. WESTERN REG RES CTR,ALBANY,CA 94710. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3205 EP 3205 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403206 ER PT J AU Albaugh, GP Morris, VC Levander, QA AF Albaugh, GP Morris, VC Levander, QA TI Effects of selenium (Se) depletion and repletion on glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1) enzyme activity and mRNA abundance in HEP G2 cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS & FUNCT LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3209 EP 3209 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403211 ER PT J AU Roath, PD Beck, MA Chen, X Xue, A Wang, S Levander, OA AF Roath, PD Beck, MA Chen, X Xue, A Wang, S Levander, OA TI Detection of enterovirus RNA from heart tissue blocks and blood obtained from a Keshan disease endemic area of China using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTR REQ & FUNC LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. CHINESE ACAD PREVENT MED,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3213 EP 3213 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403213 ER PT J AU Conway, JM Hallfrisch, JG AF Conway, JM Hallfrisch, JG TI Plasma hormones in upper (UBO) and lower (LBO) body obese African-American women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,BHNRC,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LABS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. ARS,USDA,BHNRC,METAB & NUTRIENT INTERACT LABS,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3226 EP 3226 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403226 ER PT J AU Klemcke, H AF Klemcke, H TI Activity of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11 beta-HSD) in porcine placental tissue culture. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,ROMAN L HRUSKA US MEAT ANIM RES CTR,CLAY CTR,NE 68933. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 3749 EP 3749 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28403750 ER PT J AU Mickle, S Sebastian, S Guenther, P Nowverl, A AF Mickle, S Sebastian, S Guenther, P Nowverl, A TI Diets of children: Results of the 1994 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,RIVERDALE,MD 20737. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4187 EP 4187 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404187 ER PT J AU Guthrie, JF AF Guthrie, JF TI Women's calcium and fat intake patterns by type of milk avoidance. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,CTR NUTR POLICY & PROMOT,WASHINGTON,DC 20036. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4189 EP 4189 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404191 ER PT J AU Melanson, KJ Saltzman, E Russell, R Roberts, SB AF Melanson, KJ Saltzman, E Russell, R Roberts, SB TI Metabolic correlates of impaired fat oxidation in older men. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4199 EP 4199 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404199 ER PT J AU Novotny, JA Moe, PW AF Novotny, JA Moe, PW TI The effect of composition of weight loss on rate of weight loss and resting energy expenditure. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4200 EP 4200 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404200 ER PT J AU WrayCahen, D Beckett, PR Reeds, PJ Nguyen, H Davis, TA AF WrayCahen, D Beckett, PR Reeds, PJ Nguyen, H Davis, TA TI Amino acid (AA) uptake is more sensitive and more responsive to insulin (INS) at 7 (d7) than at 26 days (d26) of age in suckling pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,USDA,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4202 EP 4202 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404201 ER PT J AU Wester, TJ Burrin, DG Davis, TA Fiorotto, ML WrayCahan, D Ziari, S AF Wester, TJ Burrin, DG Davis, TA Fiorotto, ML WrayCahan, D Ziari, S TI Exogenous porcine growth hormone (pGH) increases growth and plasma insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in newborn pigs. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4203 EP 4203 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404204 ER PT J AU Caperna, TJ Rosebrough, RW McMurtry, JP VasilatosYounken, R AF Caperna, TJ Rosebrough, RW McMurtry, JP VasilatosYounken, R TI Influence of dietary protein on insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins in the chicken. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4205 EP 4205 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404205 ER PT J AU Wang, XD Russell, RM Stickel, F Smith, DE Krinsky, NI AF Wang, XD Russell, RM Stickel, F Smith, DE Krinsky, NI TI A beta-oxidative like process in rabbit liver mitochondria and in perfused ferret liver is involved in the biosynthesis of retinoic acid from beta-apo-carotenoic acids in vitro and in vivo. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4228 EP 4228 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404226 ER PT J AU Martin, KR Failla, ML Smith, JC AF Martin, KR Failla, ML Smith, JC TI beta-Carotene and lutein attenuate oxidant-induced damage of plasma membrane in HEPG2 human liver cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV N CAROLINA,GREENSBORO,NC 27412. BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4233 EP 4233 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404234 ER PT J AU Ellis, KJ Abrams, SA Wong, WW AF Ellis, KJ Abrams, SA Wong, WW TI Body composition of young females in a multiracial population. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4237 EP 4237 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404236 ER PT J AU Barbosa, L Villalpando, S Butte, N Wong, W Fonseca, C AF Barbosa, L Villalpando, S Butte, N Wong, W Fonseca, C TI Low maternal BMI alters milk composition, but not infant growth. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. HOSP PEDIAT CMN,UNIDAD INVEST NUTR,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4327 EP 4327 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404325 ER PT J AU Zimmer, P Garza, C Butte, N Goldman, A AF Zimmer, P Garza, C Butte, N Goldman, A TI Breastfeeding decreases maternal eosinophil counts during the first two months of lactation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CORNELL UNIV,DIV NUTR SCI,ITHACA,NY 14850. ARS,USDA,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,DEPT PEDIAT,GALVESTON,TX 77555. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4337 EP 4337 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404336 ER PT J AU Butte, N Hopkinson, J Moon, J Wong, W Ellis, K AF Butte, N Hopkinson, J Moon, J Wong, W Ellis, K TI Adaptations in energy metabolism during lactation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4342 EP 4342 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404344 ER PT J AU Dahl, GE Elsasser, TH Capuco, AV Erdman, RA Peters, RR AF Dahl, GE Elsasser, TH Capuco, AV Erdman, RA Peters, RR TI Long day photoperiod that stimulates milk yield also increases circulating insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4344 EP 4344 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404343 ER PT J AU Beharka, AA Wu, D Santos, M Meydani, SN AF Beharka, AA Wu, D Santos, M Meydani, SN TI Increased prostaglandin production by murine macrophages (Mu phi) contributes to the age associated decrease in T-cell function. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4356 EP 4356 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404356 ER PT J AU Rall, LC Lundgren, NT Reichlin, S Veldhuis, JD Roubenoff, R AF Rall, LC Lundgren, NT Reichlin, S Veldhuis, JD Roubenoff, R TI Growth hormone (GH) kinetics in aging and chronic inflammation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,STEVENS POINT,WI 54481. TUFTS UNIV,HNRCA,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV ARIZONA,HLTH SCI CTR,TUCSON,AZ 85724. UNIV VIRGINIA,HLTH SCI CTR,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA 22908. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4357 EP 4357 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404359 ER PT J AU Kehayias, JJ Roubenoff, R Zhuang, H Dowling, LJ AF Kehayias, JJ Roubenoff, R Zhuang, H Dowling, LJ TI Prediction of maximum life span based on the rate of total body potassium (TBK) loss with age SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4364 EP 4364 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404363 ER PT J AU Karge, W Stucchi, A Schaefer, E Nicolosi, R Ordovas, J AF Karge, W Stucchi, A Schaefer, E Nicolosi, R Ordovas, J TI Dietary cholesterol and fat effects on expression of hepatic LDL receptor and HMG-CoA reductase mRNA in cynomolgus monkeys. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,LOWELL,MA 01854. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4393 EP 4393 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404392 ER PT J AU Shypailo, RJ Joo, JK Ellis, KJ AF Shypailo, RJ Joo, JK Ellis, KJ TI Whole-body pediatric phantoms for calibration of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT PEDIAT,USDA ARS,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4496 EP 4496 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404495 ER PT J AU Poellot, RA Uthus, EO AF Poellot, RA Uthus, EO TI Dietary histidine loading has no marked effect on the interaction between nickel and folic acid in rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4525 EP 4525 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404525 ER PT J AU Seaborn, CD Nielsen, FH AF Seaborn, CD Nielsen, FH TI Dietary silicon affects some collagen synthesizing enzymes in rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. UNIV WISCONSIN STOUT,MENOMONIE,WI 54751. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4526 EP 4526 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404526 ER PT J AU Johnson, PE Penland, JG AF Johnson, PE Penland, JG TI No effect of Mn or Ca supplementation on menstrual mineral losses in healthy young women SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4531 EP 4531 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404531 ER PT J AU Mohamedshah, F MoserVeillon, PB McClelland, FL Yamini, S Veillon, C Patterson, K AF Mohamedshah, F MoserVeillon, PB McClelland, FL Yamini, S Veillon, C Patterson, K TI Changes in serum, urine and milk chromium concentration in lactating women after oral dose of Cr-53. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,VMNL,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT NFSC,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4533 EP 4533 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404535 ER PT J AU Apgar, J House, WA Smith, JC AF Apgar, J House, WA Smith, JC TI Minerals and beta-carotene (beta C) in the gerbil. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,ITHACA,NY 14853. ARS,USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4542 EP 4542 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404540 ER PT J AU Souza, MCP Howe, JC Rumpler, WV AF Souza, MCP Howe, JC Rumpler, WV TI Urinary catecholamine excretion in men and women: Between- and within-subject variation SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BHNRC,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT FOOD SCI & NUTR,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4548 EP 4548 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404546 ER PT J AU Ross, S Lanza, E Forman, MR Graubard, BI Campbell, WS Beecher, GR AF Ross, S Lanza, E Forman, MR Graubard, BI Campbell, WS Beecher, GR TI Effect of black tea consumption on serum estradiol concentrations in healthy premenopausal, women. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4560 EP 4560 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404558 ER PT J AU Schmelz, EM DombrinkKurtzman, MA Merrill, AH AF Schmelz, EM DombrinkKurtzman, MA Merrill, AH TI Fumonisin B-1 toxicity for HT29 cells is reduced by removal of the tricarballylic sidechains. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,ATLANTA,GA 30322. ARS,USDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. RI Schmelz, Eva/E-6579-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4561 EP 4561 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404561 ER PT J AU Gebhardt, SE Haytowitz, DB AF Gebhardt, SE Haytowitz, DB TI Development of the USDA nutrient data base for standard reference. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARS,USDA,NUTRIENT DATA LAB,RIVERDALE,MD 20737. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4581 EP 4581 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404580 ER PT J AU Haytowitz, DB Pehrsson, PR AF Haytowitz, DB Pehrsson, PR TI Monitoring key foods in food composition research. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NUTRIENT DATA LAB,RIVERDALE,MD 20737. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4582 EP 4582 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404583 ER PT J AU Andrews, KW Pehrsson, PR AF Andrews, KW Pehrsson, PR TI Carbohydrate data for selected foods in USDA's National Nutrient Data Base. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,RIVERDALE,MD 20737. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4583 EP 4583 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404581 ER PT J AU Exler, J Lemar, L Smith, J AF Exler, J Lemar, L Smith, J TI Fat and fatty acid content of selected foods containing trans-fatty acids. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,NUTRIENT DATA LAB,RIVERDALE,MD 20737. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4587 EP 4587 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404586 ER PT J AU Chiang, E Smith, D Abad, L Nadeau, M Selhub, J Roubenoff, R AF Chiang, E Smith, D Abad, L Nadeau, M Selhub, J Roubenoff, R TI Effect of inflammatory cachexia on pyridoxal phosphate, folate, and B12 in Lewis rats SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HNRC,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4639 EP 4639 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404641 ER PT J AU Smith, D Kehayias, JJ Roubenoff, R Zhuang, H Doherty, P Dowling, LJ AF Smith, D Kehayias, JJ Roubenoff, R Zhuang, H Doherty, P Dowling, LJ TI Use of total body elemental partition analysis for assessing sarcopenia with aging SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA 02111. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4697 EP 4697 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404699 ER PT J AU Morlese, J Forrester, T Badaloo, A DelRosario, M Frazer, M Jahoor, F AF Morlese, J Forrester, T Badaloo, A DelRosario, M Frazer, M Jahoor, F TI Albumin kinetics in edematous and non-edematous protein-energy malnourished children SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV W INDIES,TROP METAB RES UNIT,MONA 7,KINGSTON,JAMAICA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4699 EP 4699 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404700 ER PT J AU Skinner, S Knight, E Hallfrisch, J Scholfield, D Rumpler, W AF Skinner, S Knight, E Hallfrisch, J Scholfield, D Rumpler, W TI Plasma homocysteine and lipid concentrations of men and women consuming moderate levels of alcohol and wine. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HOWARD UNIV,DEPT NUTR SCI,WASHINGTON,DC. HOWARD UNIV,CTR DRUG ABUSE RES,WASHINGTON,DC. USDA,BELTSVILLE HNRC,BELTSVILLE,MD. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4702 EP 4702 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404702 ER PT J AU Jahoor, F Morlese, J DelRosario, M Frazer, M Badaloo, A Forrester, T AF Jahoor, F Morlese, J DelRosario, M Frazer, M Badaloo, A Forrester, T TI VLDL-apoB-100 kinetics in protein-energy malnourished children with fatty livers SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,CHILDRENS NUTR RES CTR,USDA ARS,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV W INDIES,TROP METAB RES UNIT,KINGSTON 7,JAMAICA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4725 EP 4725 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404725 ER PT J AU Turnlund, JR Weaver, CM Kim, SK Keyes, WR Peiffer, GL AF Turnlund, JR Weaver, CM Kim, SK Keyes, WR Peiffer, GL TI Absorption and utilization of molybdenum from soy, kale, and an extrinsic label. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,WESTERN HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4730 EP 4730 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404730 ER PT J AU Meacham, SL Hunt, CD AF Meacham, SL Hunt, CD TI Estimated molybdenum intake of American females. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WINTHROP UNIV,DEPT NUTR,ROCK HILL,SC 29733. USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4731 EP 4731 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404731 ER PT J AU Hunt, CD Vanderpool, RA AF Hunt, CD Vanderpool, RA TI Intrinsically labelled B-10 isotope distribution in plasma, brain, heart, and spleen in male rats. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4732 EP 4732 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404734 ER PT J AU Bai, Y Hunt, CD AF Bai, Y Hunt, CD TI Dietary boron (B) increases serum antibody concentrations in rats immunized with heat-killed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4733 EP 4733 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404732 ER PT J AU Nielsen, FH AF Nielsen, FH TI Manganese nutriture affects changes in bone mineral element composition induced by boron deprivation. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4734 EP 4734 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404735 ER PT J AU Zhou, ZY Finley, JW Davison, KL Catton, JS AF Zhou, ZY Finley, JW Davison, KL Catton, JS TI A surgical model in swine for determining the true absorption and endogenous excretion of MN. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. USDA ARS,BIOSCI RES LAB,FARGO,ND 58105. N DAKOTA STATE UNIV,DEPT ANIM & RANGE SCI,FARGO,ND 58105. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4735 EP 4735 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404733 ER PT J AU Finley, JW BriskeAnderson, M Gregoire, B AF Finley, JW BriskeAnderson, M Gregoire, B TI Metabolism of manganese by isolated rat hepatocytes and by the Hep-G2 cell line. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4736 EP 4736 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404736 ER PT J AU Anderson, RA Polansky, MM Bryden, NA Zawadzki, JK AF Anderson, RA Polansky, MM Bryden, NA Zawadzki, JK TI Selective uptake of chromium in type II diabetes mellitus. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,NUTR REQ & FUNC LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. GEORGETOWN UNIV,MED CTR,DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20007. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4738 EP 4738 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404740 ER PT J AU Uthus, EO AF Uthus, EO TI Compartmental model of arsenic metabolism in hamsters after oral administration of As-73/74. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USDA ARS,GRAND FORKS HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4739 EP 4739 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404738 ER PT J AU Cao, G Sofic, E Prior, RL AF Cao, G Sofic, E Prior, RL TI Peroxyl radical absorbing antioxidant activities of flavonoids SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 TUFTS UNIV,USDA,HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,USDA ARS,BOSTON,MA 02111. UNIV CONNECTICUT,DEPT NUTR SCI,STORRS,CT 06269. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4745 EP 4745 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404746 ER PT J AU Froetschel, MA Azain, MJ Edwards, GL Barb, CR AF Froetschel, MA Azain, MJ Edwards, GL Barb, CR TI Opioid and CCK antagonists block casein-induced satiety in the meal-fed rat. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GEORGIA,ATHENS,GA 30602. USDA ARS,ATHENS,GA 30605. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 4756 EP 4756 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28404755 ER PT J AU Fukuda, H Shima, H Vesonder, RF Tokuda, H Nishino, H Katoh, S Tamura, S Sugimura, T Nagao, M AF Fukuda, H Shima, H Vesonder, RF Tokuda, H Nishino, H Katoh, S Tamura, S Sugimura, T Nagao, M TI Inhibition of protein serine threonine phosphatases by fumonisin B-1, a mycotoxin SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FUSARIUM-MONILIFORME; OKADAIC ACID; EQUINE LEUKOENCEPHALOMALACIA; CULTURE MATERIAL; CANCER; RATS; CARCINOGENICITY; HEPATOTOXICITY; INDUCTION; TOXICITY AB Fumonisin B-1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Fusarium moniliforme, which is a common contaminant of corn, is suspected to be a cause of human esophageal cancer. FB1 is hepatotoxic and hepato-carcinogenic in rats, and although the mechanisms involved have not been clarified, the latter is associated with a weak initiating activity. The effects of FB, on the activity of protein serine/threonine phosphatases (PPs) (PP1, PP2A, PP2B, PP2C and PP5/T/K/H) were investigated in the present study. Inhibition of dephosphorylation was noted for all five PPs with IC50 values of 80 mu M-3000 mu M. Among the five PPs examined, PP5 was most sensitive with an IC50 of 80 mu M. This concentration is comparable to that estimated to be reached in the rat body by feeding FB, to obtain hepatic tumors. Inhibition of PP5 could thus play important roles in the toxicity and carcinogenic action of FB1. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 NATL CANC CTR,RES INST,DIV CARCINOGENESIS,CHUO KU,TOKYO 104,JAPAN. USDA,NATL CTR AGR UTILIZAT RES,PEORIA,IL 61604. KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIV MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,KAMIGYO KU,KYOTO 602,JAPAN. SAGAMI CHEM RES CTR,SAGAMIHARA,KANAGAWA 229,JAPAN. TOHOKU UNIV,INST DEV AGING & CANC,DEPT BIOCHEM,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. NR 41 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD MAR 7 PY 1996 VL 220 IS 1 BP 160 EP 165 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0374 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA UA757 UT WOS:A1996UA75700029 PM 8602837 ER PT J AU Bostom, AG Mayer, J AF Bostom, AG Mayer, J TI Folic acid fortification of food SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter RP Bostom, AG (reprint author), JEAN MAYER USDA HUMAN NUTR RES CTR AGING,BOSTON,MA, USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 6 PY 1996 VL 275 IS 9 BP 681 EP 681 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TX174 UT WOS:A1996TX17400010 PM 8594257 ER PT J AU Lapitan, RL Parton, WJ AF Lapitan, RL Parton, WJ TI Seasonal variabilities in the distribution of the microclimatic factors and evapotranspiration in a shortgrass steppe SO AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-FLUX; TEMPERATURE; SURFACE; MODEL; EVAPORATION; PLANT; WATER; GRASSLAND; SOILS; CROP AB Ecosystem models designed to simulate the long-term dynamics of soil-vegetation-atmosphere interactions require information on the properties of the land surface and the temporal pattern of the microclimate variables. This paper describes the seasonal distributions of microclimatic factors in a semi-arid shortgrass steppe and a potential method for estimating evapotranspiration in sparse vegetation. The shortgrass steppe is located in the piedmont of north-central Colorado. Microclimate measurements were taken between 1986 and 1989. Precipitation showed wide variability between the years and could significantly account for the seasonal differences in growth and biomass yield of the native vegetation. Small (0.5 cm or less) precipitation (rain and/or dew) events, determined from the positive increments in hourly lysimeter measurements, contribute 8-10% to the total annual precipitation at the site. The total net radiation (R(n)) was found to be 47% of the total incident solar radiation. The ratio of surface soil heat flux to R(n) (G(s)/R(n)) was found uniformly equal to 0.167 during the vegetated season (April-October). Midday sensible heat flux (H) was found to Ix: linearly related to the difference between the temperatures of the soil measured at 0.025 m depth and the air above the canopy. The ratio of H and R(n) taken at midday was found to be linearly proportional to the ratio of the daily totals of H and R(n). A method for estimating daily evapotranspiration (ET(day)) based on the energy balance approach was developed. This method was found suitable for estimating ET(day) in the shortgrass steppe under high soil moisture conditions and/or on days following rainfall. For potential application of this method of estimating ET(day) to dry soil conditions, integration of plant transpiration controls into the ET(day) equation is suggested. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,NAT RESOURCE ECOL LAB,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. RP Lapitan, RL (reprint author), USDA ARS,NPA,POB E,301 S HOWES ST,FT COLLINS,CO 80526, USA. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1923 J9 AGR FOREST METEOROL JI Agric. For. Meteorol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 79 IS 1-2 BP 113 EP 130 DI 10.1016/0168-1923(95)02272-4 PG 18 WC Agronomy; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Agriculture; Forestry; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA UC416 UT WOS:A1996UC41600008 ER PT J AU Helms, JD Pavelis, GA Argabright, S Cronshey, RG Sinclair, HR AF Helms, JD Pavelis, GA Argabright, S Cronshey, RG Sinclair, HR TI National soil conservation policies: A historical case study of the driftless area SO AGRICULTURAL HISTORY LA English DT Article C1 USDA,NAT RESOURCES CONSERVAT SERV,MIDWEST NATL TECH CTR,LINCOLN,NE. USDA,NAT RESOURCES CONSERVAT SERV,NATL SOIL SURVEY CTR,LINCOLN,NE. RP Helms, JD (reprint author), USDA,NAT RES CONSERVAT SERV,WASHINGTON,DC 20250, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIF PRESS PI BERKELEY PA JOURNALS DEPT 2120 BERKELEY WAY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 SN 0002-1482 J9 AGR HIST JI Agric. Hist. PD SPR PY 1996 VL 70 IS 2 BP 377 EP 394 PG 18 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; History; History & Philosophy Of Science SC Agriculture; History; History & Philosophy of Science GA UP618 UT WOS:A1996UP61800015 ER PT J AU Dao, TH AF Dao, TH TI Tillage system and crop residue effects on surface compaction of a Paleustoll SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SOIL PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; LONG-TERM; NO-TILLAGE; CONSERVATION TILLAGE; HAPLUDULT SOIL; CORN; NITROGEN; STRENGTH; INFILTRATION; GROWTH AB Concern of excessive compaction of soils under conservation tillage (CT) has persisted as CT practices gain acceptance in major agricultural systems. The objective of the study was to determine the cumulative effects of tillage systems [moldboard plowing (MT), stubble-mulch tillage (ST), and no-till (NT)] and rates of crop residues on bulk density of the near-surface zone under annual winter wheat cropping. In the fall of 1983, tillage plots were established on Bethany (fine, mixed, thermic Pachic Paleustoll) and Renfrow (fine, mixed, thermic Udertic Paleustoll) silt loams on a 2% slope near El Reno, OK. Bulk density and water content were measured to a depth of 0.3 m in 0.025-m increments using gamma and neutron attenuation techniques during 1991 and 1992. After planting, MT and ST soils had the lowest mean surface density; these soils consolidated as bulk density during winter wheat dormancy averaged 1.34 (+/-0.06), 1.30 (+/-0.06), 1.21 (+/-0.06) in 1991, and 1.31 (+/-0.06), 1.30 (+/-0.05), and 1.24 (+/-0.05) Mg m(-3) in 1992 in MT, ST, and NT soils, respectively Near the end of the season, surface density of ST and MT soils had increased by 1.6 and 4.8%, respectively. No-till soil showed a decrease of 54% during the same overwinter period and had the lowest bulk density in the end. The inherent reduction in field operation traffic in CT systems, and a decrease in tillage intensity proportionately reduced soil surface compaction under annual wheat cropping. Bulk density increased with soil depth in all treatments; however NT resulted in decreased soil density in and below an old restrictive layer more effectively than ST or MT management. Removal of crop residues resulted in higher bulk density, primarily in the 0.05- to 0.125-m depth of MT soils, and in the 0 to 0.05-m surface layer of NT soils. Maintaining high amounts of wheat residues at the soil surface helps improve the macro-porosity of near-surface zones of soils under conservation tillage. Severe compaction of CT soils did not appear prevalent under winter wheat production to cause physical constraints to crop growth in subhumid regions. RP Dao, TH (reprint author), USDA ARS,PO DRAWER 10,BUSHLAND,TX, USA. NR 44 TC 46 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1996 VL 88 IS 2 BP 141 EP 148 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UK941 UT WOS:A1996UK94100005 ER PT J AU Timlin, D Pachepsky, YA Acock, B AF Timlin, D Pachepsky, YA Acock, B TI A design for a modular, generic soil simulator to interface with plant models SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT; OBJECT AB The various linkages in agricultural systems are so complex that research questions are often studied via simulation modeling. The development and upgrading of detailed models requires a large investment of time and resources; therefore, it is necessary to simplify the process of building the model and incorporating modifications as research finds new information to include. The goal of this study was to develop the framework for a generic soil simulator that could easily be modified and incorporated into crop models. Soil and root processes are represented by modules that interact on the spatial-temporal grid covering the soil profile and the simulated time interval. Data were divided into public and private components, to minimize information passing between modules. This modular structure and information hiding simplifies replacement or addition of modules and promotes code reuse. The classes of modules include (i) control modules that oversee interactions between processes, (ii) water solute, heat, and gas transport modules, (iii) interphase chemical transformation modules, (iv) biochemical transformation modules, and (v) root growth and uptake modules. A representative simulator, 2DSOIL, was assembled according to the proposed design. Examples include the incorporation into a simple crop model and the expansion of 2DSOIL with a management module to simulate chemical application. C1 DUKE UNIV,DEPT BOT,DURHAM,NC 27708. RP Timlin, D (reprint author), USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE AGR RES CTR,SYST RES LAB,BLDG 007,RM 008,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705, USA. OI Pachepsky, Yakov/0000-0003-0232-6090 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1996 VL 88 IS 2 BP 162 EP 169 PG 8 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UK941 UT WOS:A1996UK94100008 ER PT J AU Waldman, SE Rickman, RW AF Waldman, SE Rickman, RW TI MODCROP: A crop simulation framework SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE AB Dynamic crop simulations are used more and more frequently as research and education tools and to assist in making management decisions. MODCROP is an interface framework for controlling a dynamic simulation that simplifies applying the simulation. The program operates under DOS on an IBM-compatible microcomputer (PC) with 640k of RAM and a hard disk drive. Although a math coprocessor is desirable, it is not required. It is constructed from modules written in Quick-BASIC. Most of the modules can be reused without modification to provide user interface, data input, and data output services to compatible simulations. The framework allows data input or output in either metric or English units. Any parameter within a simulation under its control can be selected for output, depending on the wishes of the user. A simulation can be customized by interactive access to all initial parameter values and it can be operated in batch mode to determine patterns of predicted results. The framework is supplied with MODWht3, a daily simulation of organ-by-organ development and growth of winter wheat. MODCROP provides ease of use and simulation control features that are not always available in other simulation interfaces. RP Waldman, SE (reprint author), USDA ARS, COLUMBIA PLATEAU CONSERVAT RES CTR, POB 370, PENDLETON, OR 97801 USA. NR 22 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1996 VL 88 IS 2 BP 170 EP 175 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UK941 UT WOS:A1996UK94100009 ER PT J AU Rickman, RW Waldman, SE Klepper, B AF Rickman, RW Waldman, SE Klepper, B TI MODWht3: A development-driven wheat growth simulation SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DRYLAND WINTER-WHEAT; SHOOT-ROOT SYSTEMS; VEGETATIVE DEVELOPMENT; LEAF APPEARANCE; SPRING-WHEAT; MAIN CULM; LEAVES; NITROGEN; MODEL; PHOTOSYNTHESIS AB Crop growth simulations are needed to help organize our knowledge of plant response to the environment for the purpose of assisting growers in management decisions, predicting impacts of land use decisions, and predicting the consequences of probable climatic variation. This paper describes the derivation, combination, and (where necessary) calibration of the models required to produce a simulation of the seasonal development and growth of winter wheat. The simulation provides appearance time and size estimates for each aboveground plant part (leaves, stems, spikes, and kernels), length and mass of roots with depth, time of occurrence of phenological events (germination, emergence, tillering, single ridge, double ridge, jointing, boot, heading, anthesis, soft dough, mature, and harvest ripe), rate and amount of water evaporated and transpired, uptake of N from the soil profile, and estimates of daily net photosynthesis. Strengths of the simulation include that it predicts dates for all crop phenological stages, it estimates sizes for all plant parts on a daily basis for comparisons with almost any observed field data, it is organized according to the natural structure of the system being simulated, and it is designed to be changed. Weaknesses include current lack of ranges for parameter values for different cultivars, a simplistic soil water budget, and limitations in specifying nutrient distribution among plant organs. No weed, pathogen, or insect models are incorporated; however, the program that implements the simulation is specifically designed to be easily modified, so pest models could be added. RP Rickman, RW (reprint author), USDA ARS,COLUMBIA PLATEAU CONSERVAT RES CTR,POB 370,PENDLETON,OR 97801, USA. NR 49 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1996 VL 88 IS 2 BP 176 EP 185 PG 10 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UK941 UT WOS:A1996UK94100010 ER PT J AU Flenet, F Kiniry, JR Board, JE Westgate, ME Reicosky, DC AF Flenet, F Kiniry, JR Board, JE Westgate, ME Reicosky, DC TI Row spacing effects on light extinction coefficients of corn, sorghum, soybean, and sunflower SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLANTING DATE; WATER-USE; YIELD; INTERCEPTION; MODEL; RADIATION; GROWTH; POPULATION; DENSITY; HEIGHT AB In many crop models, light intercepted by a canopy (IPAR) is calculated from a Beer's Law equation: IPAR = PAR x [1 - exp(-k x LAI)], where k is the extinction coefficient, PAR the photosynthetically active radiation, and LAI the leaf area index. The first objective of this study was to investigate the effect of row spacing on k for corn (Zea mays L.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to provide information for modeling. Data from literature and from an experiment conducted at Temple, TX, were evaluated. The second objective was to investigate effects of time of day and stage of crop development on k for different row spacings. Seeds of all four species were sown in rows 0.35, 0.66 or 1.00 m apart. Measurements of canopy light interception were taken near solar noon on two dates before anthesis. At anthesis, extinction coefficients were determined at 0845, 1015, and 1145 h (solar time). The extinction coefficient showed a linear decrease as row spacing increased. For each crop, the effect of row spacing on k was described by one linear regression for most data. Stage of crop development and stage of development x row spacing interaction did not significantly affect k during the period of measurements. The effect of time of day was significant for all four crops, and the time of day x row spacing interaction was significant for soybean and sunflower. Thus, modeling light interception for different row spacings should account for these effects. C1 USDA ARS,TEMPLE,TX 76502. INRA,CTR RECH TOULOUSE,F-31326 CASTANET TOLOSAN,FRANCE. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,LOUISIANA AGR EXPT STN,DEPT AGRON,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. USDA ARS,N CENT SOIL CONSERVAT RES LAB,MORRIS,MN 56267. NR 34 TC 104 Z9 131 U1 4 U2 37 PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY PI MADISON PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 SN 0002-1962 J9 AGRON J JI Agron. J. PD MAR-APR PY 1996 VL 88 IS 2 BP 185 EP 190 PG 6 WC Agronomy SC Agriculture GA UK941 UT WOS:A1996UK94100011 ER EF