FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Leach, RJ Singer, FR Lewis, TB Cody, JD Reddy, SV Whyte, MP Roodman, GD AF Leach, RJ Singer, FR Lewis, TB Cody, JD Reddy, SV Whyte, MP Roodman, GD TI Evidence of a locus for Paget's disease of bone on human chromosome 18Q. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. JOHN WAYNE CANC INST,SANTA MONICA,CA 90404. INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. JEWISH HOSP ST LOUIS,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP 19 EP 19 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500018 ER PT J AU Phipps, KR Orwoll, ES Bevan, L AF Phipps, KR Orwoll, ES Bevan, L TI Water-borne fluoride associated with a reduction in forearm bone mineral density. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97201. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP 38 EP 38 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500039 ER PT J AU McDougall, S Fu, YH Lowe, GN Williams, A Polendo, R Benya, PD IidaKlein, A Fang, MKA Hahn, TJ AF McDougall, S Fu, YH Lowe, GN Williams, A Polendo, R Benya, PD IidaKlein, A Fang, MKA Hahn, TJ TI Surface adhesion-mediated regulation of chondrocyte-specific gene expression in the nontransformed RCJ 3.1C5.18 rat chondrocyte cell line SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX PROTEINS; HUMAN ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; COLLAGEN-SYNTHESIS; RETINOIC ACID; II COLLAGEN; INDUCED REEXPRESSION AB Recent evidence suggests that decreased chondrocyte function in osteoarthritis and other articular disorders may be due to chondrocyte dedifferentiation produced by altered regulatory signals from the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), However, there are currently no mammalian chondrocytic cell line systems adapted to the study of this process, We therefore examined the effects of ECM growth conditions on markers of differentiated chondrocytic phenotype expression in the nontransformed rat RCJ 3.1C5.18 (RCJ) chondrocyte cell line, including type TI collagen expression, aggrecan production, link protein gene expression, and parathyroid hormone (PTH) receptor number, RCJ cells grown in monolayer on plastic exhibited a dedifferentiated phenotype characterized by Battened cell morphology, with >80% type I collagen and <5% type II collagen production, as determined by two-dimensional gel mapping electrophoresis of collagen cyanogen bromide peptides, Tn addition, aggrecan production was low, and link protein mRNA was not expressed at detectable levels. After transfer to growth under minimal attachment conditions on the surface of a composite type I collagen/agarose (0.15%/-0.8%) gel (GAG) for 7 days, RCJ cells developed a rounded, chondrocytic morphology and a pattern of differentiated, chondrocytic gene expression, with 79% type II and 8% type I collagen production, Steady-state type I and type II procollagen mRNA levels were altered in parallel with collagen protein expression, fn cells grown on GAG, aggrecan production increased 6-fold, and there was a marked increase in both aggrecan core protein and link protein mRNA levels, In addition, maximal PTH-stimulated cAMP generation increased 15-fold in association with an increased PTH receptor number. Therefore, the RCJ chondrocyte cell line is highly sensitive to ECR;I regulation of chondrocyte-specific gene expression. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. ORTHOPAED HOSP LOS ANGELES, J VERNON LUCK ORTHOPAED RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV SO CALIF, DEPT ORTHOPAED, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. RP McDougall, S (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR 11G, DEPT MED, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. RI Benya, Paul/I-3449-2015 OI Benya, Paul/0000-0002-1060-7127 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00489]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR38463, AR42894] NR 50 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1130 EP 1138 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UX957 UT WOS:A1996UX95700011 PM 8854249 ER PT J AU Baholyodin, T Philley, F Bormel, J Schneider, DL Silverman, SL AF Baholyodin, T Philley, F Bormel, J Schneider, DL Silverman, SL TI Decreasing secular trends in the incidence of hip fracture in women in California: 1983-1992. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. OSTEOPOROSIS MED CTR,BEVERLY HILLS,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP M687 EP M687 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49501032 ER PT J AU Chan, KWH Williamson, KS Swindlehurst, CA Reddy, SV Roodman, GD AF Chan, KWH Williamson, KS Swindlehurst, CA Reddy, SV Roodman, GD TI Competitive assay for a novel autocrine osteoclast stimulating factor SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NOVADX INC, SAN DIEGO, CA 92121 USA. UNIV TEXAS SAN ANTONIO, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP M749 EP M749 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49501095 ER PT J AU Elango, N Song, M Katz, MS AF Elango, N Song, M Katz, MS TI Transforming growth factor beta stimulates parathyroid hormone parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor gene expression at the transcriptional level. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP M493 EP M493 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500839 ER PT J AU McDougall, S Lee, S Hahn, TJ AF McDougall, S Lee, S Hahn, TJ TI Adhesion-mediated regulation of fibronectin and alpha 5 beta 1 fibronectin receptor gene expression in mammalian chondrocytes. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP M457 EP M457 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500803 ER PT J AU Polendo, R Lowe, GN McDougall, S Hahn, TJ AF Polendo, R Lowe, GN McDougall, S Hahn, TJ TI Opposing effects of the protein kinase a and protein kinase C second messenger systems on mammalian chondrocyte function. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP M468 EP M468 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500814 ER PT J AU Reddy, SV Singer, FR Anderson, JL Roodman, GD AF Reddy, SV Singer, FR Anderson, JL Roodman, GD TI Measles virus nucleocapsid transcript expression is not restricted to osteoclast lineage in patients with Paget's disease. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS SAN ANTONIO, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. ST JOHNS HOSP, JOHN WAYNE CANC CTR, SANTA MONICA, CA 90404 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP M753 EP M753 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49501099 ER PT J AU Stebler, BA Sun, WH Keller, ET Ershler, WB AF Stebler, BA Sun, WH Keller, ET Ershler, WB TI Estrogen regulation of interleukin-6 expression involves I kappa B alpha SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MADISON,WI 53706. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,CHICAGO,IL 60614. RI Keller, Evan/M-1446-2016 OI Keller, Evan/0000-0002-7592-7535 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP P234 EP P234 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500219 ER PT J AU Uy, HL Mundy, GR Boyce, BF Story, B Dunstan, C Roodman, GD Guise, TA AF Uy, HL Mundy, GR Boyce, BF Story, B Dunstan, C Roodman, GD Guise, TA TI Tumor necrosis factor hormone-related protein (PTHrP)-induced hypercalcemia in vivo. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RI Dunstan, Colin/G-6214-2013 OI Dunstan, Colin/0000-0001-7586-4071 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP S447 EP S447 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49500428 ER PT J AU Klein, RF Vossler, M Carlos, AS Stork, PJS AF Klein, RF Vossler, M Carlos, AS Stork, PJS TI Osteoblastic mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase is inhibited by ethanol. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VOLLUM INST,BONE & MINERAL RES UNIT,PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP T334 EP T334 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49501152 ER PT J AU Wyatt, LE IidaKlein, A Ishida, K Liu, Y Ma, D Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA AF Wyatt, LE IidaKlein, A Ishida, K Liu, Y Ma, D Yamaguchi, DT Miller, TA TI Passage-dependent loss of osteoblast function but not proliferation markers in MC3T3-E1 cells. SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PLAST SURG SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GRECC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 SU 1 BP T363 EP T363 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VA495 UT WOS:A1996VA49501179 ER PT J AU Rudkin, GH Yamaguchi, DT Ishida, K Peterson, WJ Bahadosingh, F Thye, D Miller, TA AF Rudkin, GH Yamaguchi, DT Ishida, K Peterson, WJ Bahadosingh, F Thye, D Miller, TA TI Transforming growth factor-beta, osteogenin, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 inhibit intercellular communication and alter cell proliferation in MC3T3-E1 cells SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GAP-JUNCTIONAL COMMUNICATION; OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS; MODULATES PROLIFERATION; INDUCTIVE PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION; INVITRO; CONNEXIN43; PHENOTYPE; RABBIT AB Intercellular communication by gap junctions has been implicated to function in the control of cell growth and differentiation in osseous tissues - processes which are regulated, in part, by peptide growth factors, including transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Using the osteoblastic cell line MC3T3-E1, we tested the hypothesis that the effects of TGF-beta and BMPs on cell proliferation may be correlated to changes in intercellular communication. In a series of proliferation assays, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in the presence of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) or TGF-beta for up to 48 hr. Proliferation of cells during the linear log phase (days 2 to 4) was assessed by H-3-thymidine (H-3-TdR) incorporation. After times ranging from 6 to 48 hr, BMP-2 significantly inhibited uptake of H-3-TdR at doses of 50-800 ng/ml. Similarly, TGF-beta inhibited uptake of H-3-TdR at doses of 2-32 ng/ml. In a separate group of experiments, intercellular communication through gap junctions was demonstrated by cell-cell transfer of the fluorescent tracer, lucifer yellow, after microinjection. One series of experiments showed that the gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) of cells, incubated for 48 hr in the presence of the higher dose of osteogenin (OG) (5.0 vs. 0.5 mu g/ml) or higher dose of TGF-beta (2.0 vs. 0.2 ng/ml), was significantly inhibited compared to control. in another series of experiments, time and dose dependent effects of BMP-2 and TGF-beta on GJIC were investigated. In The time course experiments (3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hr), TGF-beta (2.0 ng/ml) demonstrated a statistically significant effect in inhibiting GJIC as early as 6 hr, while BMP-2 (50 ng/ml) inhibited GJIC after 24 and 48 hr of treatment. The dose-dependent effects of BMP-2 and TGF-beta on cell couplings, determined at 48 hr, showed significant inhibitory effects with BMP-2 at 25 and 50 ng/ml and with TGF-beta at 2 and 4 ng/ml. The cell count results and injection study performed at 12 hr, at a fixed cell density, confirmed that the inhibitory effect was not due to differences in cell density. The 50% effective inhibitory concentrations (EC(50)) calculated for BMP-2 and TGF-beta at 48 hr, showed no dose correlation between proliferation and GJIC, suggesting that these two events are independent occurrences. Additionally, marked morphological change was observed in the cells treated with TGF-beta. The observation may suggest that TGF-(b)eta may have effects upon cytoskeletal elements in osseous tissues. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,PLAST SURG LAB,GRECC,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. NR 36 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 168 IS 2 BP 433 EP 441 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199608)168:2<433::AID-JCP22>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA VA308 UT WOS:A1996VA30800022 PM 8707879 ER PT J AU OBrien, CP AF OBrien, CP TI Recent developments in the pharmacotherapy of substance abuse SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CANNABINOID RECEPTOR; METHADONE-MAINTENANCE; COCAINE DEPENDENCE; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; SMOKING CESSATION; NICOTINE PATCH; NALTREXONE; BRAIN; ABSTINENCE; INPATIENT AB Modern concepts of addictive disorders emphasize the compulsive and relapsing drug-taking behaviors rather than tolerance and physical dependence. As with any chronic disorder, long-term treatment is necessary and medications may aid in the rehabilitative process. Specific medications have been demonstrated to be helpful for psychiatric disorders coexisting with addiction. Medications have also been demonstrated in controlled studies to aid in the rehabilitation of patients dependent on nicotine, alcohol, or opiates. Thus far, no medication has been clearly demonstrated to benefit patients suffering from abuse or dependence on cocaine, cannabinoids, nonalcohol sedatives, or hallucinogens. RP OBrien, CP (reprint author), UNIV PENN, PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, 3900 CHESTNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [P50DA05186-09] NR 57 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 64 IS 4 BP 677 EP 686 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA VC526 UT WOS:A1996VC52600006 PM 8803357 ER PT J AU Finn, DT Jaworsky, C Chooback, L Jensen, PJ Lessin, SR AF Finn, DT Jaworsky, C Chooback, L Jensen, PJ Lessin, SR TI Correlation between clonotypic T-cell receptor beta chain variable region (TCR-V-beta) gene expression and aberrant T-cell antigen expression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; SEZARY-SYNDROME; SKIN; ANTIBODIES; DIVERSITY; BLOOD AB Immunohistochemical studies can augment the clinicopathologic diagnosis of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Our goal was to determine whether a panel of 11 T-cell receptor (TCR) beta chain variable region (V-beta) monoclonal antibodies (moAbs) could consistently identify clonal T-cell populations within CTCL skin infiltrates, and whether these cells exhibited aber-rant T-cell antigen expression, Biopsies from 24 CTCL and 3 parapsoriasis patients were analyzed. Of the 27 patients, 4 (15%) demonstrated T-cell clonality by restricted TCR-V-beta moAb staining. The V-beta(+) restricted cells expressed aberrant antigen profiles, Overall, aberrant antigen profiles were detected in 18/24 (75%) CTCL patients, V(beta)18 moAb crossreacted with a 85 kD protein produced by basal and suprabasal keratinocytes. We conclude: 1) Restricted TCR-V-beta expression correlated with aberrant T-cell antigen profiles; 2) In the absence of a complete panel of TCR-V-beta moabs, localization of aberrant T-cell antigen expression can be useful in identifying malignant T-cells within CTCL skin infiltrates; 3) The detection sensitivity and specificity of the currently available TCR-V-beta moAbs may limit their utility to consistently detect clonal T-cell populations in CTCL skin biopsies 4) A 85 kD protein present on basal and suprabasal keratinocytes is recognized by V(beta)18 moAb and may be related to immune function(s) of the epidermis. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT DERMATOL,BOSTON,MA 02215. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT DERMATOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV N TEXAS,DEPT BIOCHEM,DALLAS,TX. UNIV PENN,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29 CA 55017]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR 42998] NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0303-6987 J9 J CUTAN PATHOL JI J. Cutan. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 306 EP 311 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1996.tb01302.x PG 6 WC Dermatology; Pathology SC Dermatology; Pathology GA VC508 UT WOS:A1996VC50800004 PM 8864916 ER PT J AU Dietz, SB WhitakerMenezes, D Lessin, SR AF Dietz, SB WhitakerMenezes, D Lessin, SR TI The role of alpha E beta 7 integrin (CD103) and E-cadherin in epidermotropism in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma SO JOURNAL OF CUTANEOUS PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERCELLULAR-ADHESION MOLECULE-1; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY HML-1; HUMAN MUCOSAL LYMPHOCYTES; EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; MEMBRANE MOLECULE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; EXPRESSION; ICAM-1 AB Adhesion molecules such as integrins and cadherins are thought to play a critical role in T-cell migration and localization within the epidermis (epidermotropism). The purpose of this study was to correlate T-cell expression of the integrin CD103 and E-cadherin in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Serial sections of skin biopsies from 22 patients with CTCL and 13 with benign reactive dermatitis were stained with antibodies to CD4, CD103, and E-cadherin by the avidin-biotin peroxidase technique. CD103 was expressed on single epidermotropic CD4+ T-cells in 9/9 early stage (patch/plaque) CTCL and 6/10 reactive dermatitis biopsies. Less than 30% of dermal T-cells expressed CD103. All 4/4 late stage (tumor) CTCL were CD103-. Epidermal aggregates of CD4+ T-cells (Pautrier's microabscesses) were CD103-. E-cadherin was expressed on epidermal keratinocytes and follicular and sweat gland epithelia but not on T-cells. We conclude that CD103 expression on cutaneous T-cells parallels the degree of epidermotropism exhibited in both neoplastic and inflammatory disorders of the skin. E-cadherin is not expressed on T-cells infiltrating the skin. Further investigation is necessary to further elucidate the interaction between CD103 and E-cadherin in facilitating trafficking of T-cells into the epidermis. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29 CA 55017] NR 26 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0303-6987 J9 J CUTAN PATHOL JI J. Cutan. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 23 IS 4 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0560.1996.tb01303.x PG 7 WC Dermatology; Pathology SC Dermatology; Pathology GA VC508 UT WOS:A1996VC50800005 PM 8864917 ER PT J AU Farber, NJ Farber, HT Weiner, J Boyer, EG Davis, EB Feldman, D Johnson, C AF Farber, NJ Farber, HT Weiner, J Boyer, EG Davis, EB Feldman, D Johnson, C TI Telling patients about the diagnosis of HIV infection SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV; communication; information-sharing; patient education ID PHYSICIANS; ATTITUDES; PREVENTION; AIDS AB This study used a questionnaire to examine how patients in the HIV/AIDS Clinic at a Department of Veterans Affairs hospital were told of their diagnosis, by whom, and to what degree they were given emotional and educational support, Nearly 17% of patients were informed by someone not in the health professions (often military personnel), and 27% of patients were notified in a nonprivate setting, Forty-seven per cent indicated they received little or no educational support at the time of diagnosis, while 39% received little or no emotional support, Educational and emotional support for patients at the time of HDV diagnosis may be lacking. RP Farber, NJ (reprint author), MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 IS 8 BP 494 EP 496 PG 3 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA VD947 UT WOS:A1996VD94700009 PM 8872789 ER PT J AU Yoshida, T Watanabe, M Engelman, DT Engelman, RM Schley, JA Maulik, N Ho, YS Oberley, TD Das, DK AF Yoshida, T Watanabe, M Engelman, DT Engelman, RM Schley, JA Maulik, N Ho, YS Oberley, TD Das, DK TI Transgenic mice overexpressing glutathione peroxidase are resistant to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transgenic mouse; antioxidants; ischemia; reperfusion; heart; glutathione peroxidase; adaptation ID ISOLATED RAT HEARTS; FREE-RADICALS; HEAT-SHOCK; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EXPRESSION; CATALASE; RECOVERY; HYPERTHERMIA AB To test the authors' hypothesis that cellular antioxidant enzymes constitute a cellular defense against acute stress, myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in transgenic mice overexpressing the cellular glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx-1) was studied. Transgenic mice were generated using the entire mouse GSHPx-1 gene including approximately 2.0 kb 5' flanking sequence. A 400% increase of GSHPx activity was found in the hearts of transgenic mice compared with non-transgenic controls. Isolated perfused hearts were prepared from two groups of mice: transgenic overexpressed; non-transgenic controls. Hearts were perfused by Langendorff mode, and after 10 min of stabilization subjected to 30 min of ischemia followed by 20 min of reperfusion. In addition, a group of hearts were perfused for 50 min without subjecting them to ischemia and reperfusion to demonstrate the stability of heart preparation. Transgenic mouse hearts demonstrated significantly improved recovery of contractile force and the rate of contraction, compared to non-transgenic control mouse hearts. The infarct size was also lower in transgenic mouse hearts compared to those of non-transgenic controls. In concert, following ischemia, release of creatine kinase from the transgenic hearts was significantly lower than the control group. The results of this study indicate that increased GSHPx-1 expression renders the heart more resistant to myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. (C) 1996 Academic Press Limited C1 UNIV CONNECTICUT, SCH MED, DEPT SURG, DIV CARDIOVASC, FARMINGTON, CT 06030 USA. WAYNE STATE UNIV, INST CHEM TOXICOL, DETROIT, MI 48201 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PATHOL, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, PATHOL SERV, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 22559, HL 34360, HL 44571] NR 31 TC 118 Z9 120 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1759 EP 1767 DI 10.1006/jmcc.1996.0165 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA VF059 UT WOS:A1996VF05900017 PM 8877785 ER PT J AU Sanders, VJ Felisan, S Waddell, A Tourtellotte, WW AF Sanders, VJ Felisan, S Waddell, A Tourtellotte, WW TI Detection of Herpesviridae in postmortem multiple sclerosis brain tissue and controls by polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE human herpesvirus 6; Epstein-Barr virus; varicella-zoster virus; cytomegalovirus; demyelination ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; INFECTIOUS-MONONUCLEOSIS; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; CYTOMEGALO-VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS AB Objective: To test for the presence of herpesviruses in postmortem brain samples from multiple sclerosis patients and controls using polymerase chain reaction. Background: Herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, and human herpesvirus-6 are common viruses capable of persistence and latency. All have been detected in the CNS. Methods: Active and inactive plaque tissue, unaffected white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) from MS cases, and WM and GM controls (Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and non-neurological disease) were screened for the herpesvirus by PCR. Results: (1) 37% of the MS cases were positive for herpes simplex virus (HSV). Twenty-eight percent of controls cases were positive for HSV. Forty-one percent of active plaques were positive for HSV in contrast to only 20% of inactive plaques (Sanders ef al, 1996). (2) 57% of the MS cases and 43% of the control cases were positive for HHV-6. Thirty-two percent of the active plaques contained HHV-6 compared to 17% of inactive plaques. (3) 43% of the MS cases and 32% of the control cases were positive for VZV. Fourteen percent of the active plaques and 10% ofthe inactive plaques were positive for VZV. (4) 27% of MS cases and 38% of control cases were positive for EBV. Five percent of the active plaques were positive for EBV and 10% ofthe inactive plaques were positive. (5) 16% of the MS cases and 22% ofthe controls were positive for CMV. Nine percent ofthe active plaques and 10% ofthe inactive plaques were positive. We also compared MS WM and GM with controls and found no significant difference. Conclusions: HSV, HHV-6, and VZV were present in a greater frequency of MS cases compared to controls; however, no statistical differences were noted. The presence of herpesvirus in all tissue makes an etiologic association to MS uncertain. Cellular localization of virus and its relationship to pathology and latency may reveal an association. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 52 TC 108 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 1355-0284 J9 J NEUROVIROL JI J. Neurovirol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 2 IS 4 BP 249 EP 258 DI 10.3109/13550289609146888 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Virology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology GA VH076 UT WOS:A1996VH07600005 PM 8799216 ER PT J AU Agostini, HT Ryschkewitsch, CF Singer, EJ Stoner, GL AF Agostini, HT Ryschkewitsch, CF Singer, EJ Stoner, GL TI Co-infection with two JC virus genotypes in brain, cerebrospinal fluid or urinary tract detected by direct cycle sequencing of PCR products SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE AIDS; polyomavirus; progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; recombination; urine; viral evolution ID PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; BK-VIRUS; POLYOMAVIRUS; VARIANTS; EXCRETION; DISEASE; PATIENT; GENOME; AIDS AB The human polyomavirus TC (TCV), which exists in different geographically based genotypes, causes the central demyelinating disease known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). A coding region recombinant ICV Type 1/Type 3 (Type 4) is excreted in the urine of some 16% of individuals in the USA. In addition, occasional 'crossovers' in viral DNA sequence at type-specific sites in the coding region occur between TCV genotypes amplified from PML brain. For recombination to occur requires the existence of two different genotypes in the same host. Here we provide evidence from direct cycle sequencing of PCR products that different genotypes of TCV can be found in a single tissue sample. After non-type-specific PCR amplification, cycle sequencing produced 'split bands' at type determining sites which were resolved into type or subtype-specific sequences by subcloning of the PCR products, PCR products with split bands at typing sites were found in two brain samples and in one cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from AIDS patients with PML and in the urine of four immunocompetent individuals. This indicates that co-infection with two viral types does not depend on severe immunocompromise. Combinations of genotypes found were Types 1A & 1B, 1A & 2, 1B & 2 and 2 & 3. In one doubly infected patient the major TCV type excreted in the urine changed within 1 week. C1 NINCDS,EXPT NEUROPATHOL LAB,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 25 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 1355-0284 J9 J NEUROVIROL JI J. Neurovirol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 2 IS 4 BP 259 EP 267 DI 10.3109/13550289609146889 PG 9 WC Neurosciences; Virology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology GA VH076 UT WOS:A1996VH07600006 PM 8799217 ER PT J AU Nyby, MD Sasaki, M Ideguchi, Y Wynne, HE Hori, MT Berger, ME Golub, MS Brickman, AS Tuck, ML AF Nyby, MD Sasaki, M Ideguchi, Y Wynne, HE Hori, MT Berger, ME Golub, MS Brickman, AS Tuck, ML TI Platelet lipoxygenase inhibitors attenuate thrombin- and thromboxane mimetic-induced intracellular calcium mobilization and platelet aggregation SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID DIACYLGLYCEROL KINASE INHIBITION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID LIBERATION; 12S-HYDROXYEICOSATETRAENOIC ACID; CELLS; 12-LIPOXYGENASE; POTENTIATION; ACTIVATION; ADP AB Platelets metabolize arachidonic acid via cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase (LO) enzymatic pathways. Although platelets produce large amounts of arachidonic acid metabolites via the LO pathway, little is known regarding the physiological significance of these products. We used three structurally dissimilar LO inhibitors, 5,8,11-eicosatriynoic acid (ETI), baicalein and phenidone, and found that LO inhibition attenuated thrombin- and U46619 (a thromboxane mimetic)-induced increases of platelet intracellular calcium ([Ca++](i)) in washed human platelets. LO inhibitors also reduced platelet aggregation induced by thrombin and U46619. The effect of ETI on reducing the thrombin-induced [Ca++](i) elevation persisted even when cation channels were blocked, suggesting that LO inhibitors modify release of Ca from intracellular stores. Stimulating endogenous LO product formation potentiated thrombin-induced [Ca++](i) responses and aggregation, and these effects were eliminated by ETI. ETI did not alter inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate production in stimulated platelets, but increased platelet cyclic AMP production in thrombin- or forskolin-stimulated platelets. These results suggest that LO products are regulators of platelet [Ca++](i) mobilization and aggregation in response to some agonists, and that LO inhibitors may work in part by modifying platelet cyclic AMP metabolism. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,DEPT ENDOCRINOL 111E,SEPULVEDA,CA 91343. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL41295] NR 20 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 278 IS 2 BP 503 EP 509 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VA360 UT WOS:A1996VA36000007 PM 8768697 ER PT J AU Mickelson, JK Lakkis, NM VillarrealLevy, G Hughes, BJ Smith, CW AF Mickelson, JK Lakkis, NM VillarrealLevy, G Hughes, BJ Smith, CW TI Leukocyte activation with platelet adhesion after coronary angioplasty: A mechanism for recurrent disease? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TISSUE FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CARDIOPULMONARY BYPASS; UNSTABLE ANGINA; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; NEUTROPHIL ADHESION; HEART-DISEASE; CARDIAC DEATH; RESTENOSIS AB Objectives. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine whether leukocyte activation occurs, whether leukocyte-platelet complexes develop and whether there is any association between these findings and clinical outcome after coronary angioplasty, Background, Increased expression of CD11b on monocytes and neutrophils promotes their adhesion to endothelial cells, extracellular matrix and smooth muscle cells, Thrombin activated plate lets adhere to monocytes and neutrophils through P-selectin, These cell complexes may affect the inflammatory process and, thus, the outcome of coronary angioplasty, Methods. During elective single-vessel coronary angioplasty in 11 men, samples were obtained for how cytometric detection of CD11b, as well as the percent of leukocytes with adherent platelets and the intensity of bound platelet fluorescence (number of platelets/leukocyte). Results. After angioplasty, there was an increase in CD11b (monocytes: p = 0.001, neutrophils: p = 0.02) and leukocytes with adherent platelets (p = 0.02), During follow-up, five patients remained in stable condition and six had subsequent clinical events: restenosis and progression of disease requiring coronary artery bypass grafting (n = 3), myocardial infarction involving the dilated artery (n = 1) and unstable angina (n = 2), Values for leukocyte CD11b expression, the percent of leukocytes with adherent platelets and the intensity of bound platelet fluorescence were higher both before and after angioplasty in the six patients experiencing clinical events, Conclusions, Despite standard aspirin and heparin therapy, leukocyte activation with platelet adherence occurs after coronary angioplasty, The magnitude of leukocyte activation and platelet adherence appears to be higher in patients experiencing late clinical events. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,CARDIOL SECT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. RP Mickelson, JK (reprint author), TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP,CLIN CARE CTR,SPEROS P MARTEL LAB LEUKOCYTE BIOL,SUITE 1130,6621 FANNIN,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI23521] NR 59 TC 218 Z9 223 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00164-7 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UZ529 UT WOS:A1996UZ52900010 PM 8800108 ER PT J AU Pearlman, RA AF Pearlman, RA TI Challenges facing physicians and healthcare institutions caring for patients with mental incapacity SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PATIENTS RESUSCITATION PREFERENCES RP Pearlman, RA (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,NW ETH CTR VET HLTH CARE,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 44 IS 8 BP 994 EP 996 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VA563 UT WOS:A1996VA56300021 PM 8708317 ER PT J AU Heuvel, GBV Bodmer, R McConnell, KR Nagami, GT Igarashi, P AF Heuvel, GBV Bodmer, R McConnell, KR Nagami, GT Igarashi, P TI Expression of a cut-related homeobox gene in developing and polycystic mouse kidney SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CCAAT DISPLACEMENT PROTEIN; C-MYC; DROSOPHILA; DISEASE; MICE; PROMOTER; LOCUS; DIFFERENTIATION; LOCALIZATION; PATTERNS AB cut is a diverged homeobox gene that is essential for normal development of the Malpighian tubules in Drosophila melanogaster. Homologues of Drosophila cut that encode transcriptional repressors have been identified in several mammalian species and cell lineages. We examined the expression of a murine cut homologue (named Cux-1) in the developing mouse using Northern blot analysis and in situ hybridization. At 12.5 d.p.c. and 13.5 d.p.c., Cux-1 was highly expressed in a subset of embryonic tissues, including the developing metanephros. Within the metanephros, Cux-1 was expressed in the nephrogenic zone including both mesenchymal cells (uninduced and condensed mesenchyme) and epithelial cells (ureteric buds, renal vesicles, S-shaped bodies). During later stages of nephrogenesis, Cux-1 was down-regulated such that there was minimal expression in mature glomeruli and tubules. In addition, Cux-1 was detected in the mesonephros, mesonephric duct, and bladder. Expression of Cux-1 was also examined in polycystic kidneys from C57BL/6J-cpk/cpk mice. At 21 days of age, Cux-1 was highly expressed in cyst epithelium of polycystic kidneys but was minimally expressed in kidneys from phenotypically normal littermates. These results demonstrate that a cut-related homeobox gene is expressed in the developing kidney and urinary tract of the mouse. Expression of Cux-1 in the kidney is inversely related to degree of cellular differentiation. Cux-1 may encode a transcriptional repressor that inhibits terminally differentiated gene expression during early stages of nephrogenesis. C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEPHROL SECT,DEPT INTERNAL MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT BIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. OI Igarashi, Peter/0000-0001-8698-1185 NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 50 IS 2 BP 453 EP 461 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UY726 UT WOS:A1996UY72600014 ER PT J AU Krumholz, HM McHorney, CA Clark, L Levesque, M Baim, DS Goldman, L AF Krumholz, HM McHorney, CA Clark, L Levesque, M Baim, DS Goldman, L TI Changes in health after elective percutaneous coronary revascularization - A comparison of generic and specific measures SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE angioplasty; quality of life; ischemic heart disease ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SURVEY SF-36; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVES. This study determines changes in health-related quality of life after elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty and compares generic and specific measures. METHODS. Changes in health-related quality of life were measured in consecutive, symptomatic patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary revascularization using the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), the Specific Activity Scale (SAS), and the Canadian Cardiovascular Society Classification (CCSC). The patients were interviewed as outpatients before admission and at least 6 months later. RESULTS. There were significant changes in the following SF-36 measures: physical functioning (postscore minus prescore = 19.1 +/- 24.1), role limitations due to physical-health problems (40.4 +/- 47.2), bodily pain (19.9 +/- 29.3), vitality (12.9 +/- 25.1), social functioning (20.0 +/- 33.1), role limitations due to emotional-health problems (26.7 +/- 49.0), and general mental health (7.1 +/- 21.2). General health perceptions did not change significantly, Internal-consistency reliability coefficients for these measures ranged from 0.73 to 0.91. There also was significant improvement in the CCSC class, but the SAS class did not change significantly. Overall, the SF-36 role-physical scale was the most responsive to changes after elective percutaneous coronary revascularization, followed;by the CCSC and the SF-36 physical functioning scale. CONCLUSIONS. Although this study cannot determine the causal role of elective percutaneous coronary revascularization in these changes, it provides support for the usefulness of these measures in future evaluations of this intervention. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON MED SCH,DEPT PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON MED SCH,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,HLTH SERV RES & DEV PROGRAM,MADISON,WI. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CARDIOVASC DIV,BOSTON,MA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. RP Krumholz, HM (reprint author), YALE UNIV,SCH MED,SECT CARDIOVASC MED,POB 208017,333 CEDAR ST,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA. NR 15 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 1996 VL 34 IS 8 BP 754 EP 759 DI 10.1097/00005650-199608000-00003 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VB193 UT WOS:A1996VB19300003 PM 8709657 ER PT J AU MartinMalo, A Rodriguez, M Martinez, ME Torres, A Felsenfeld, AJ AF MartinMalo, A Rodriguez, M Martinez, ME Torres, A Felsenfeld, AJ TI The interaction of PTH and dietary phosphorus and calcium on serum calcitriol levels in the rat with experimental renal failure SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE calcitriol; calcium; phosphorus; PTH; rat; renal failure ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE; CALCEMIC RESPONSE; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; METABOLISM; MODERATE; RECEPTOR AB Background. Renal failure results in decreased calcitriol production, a key factor in the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism. Phosphorus accumulation and high parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, both inherent to renal failure, have different effects on calcitriol production; moreover, dietary calcium loading may have a separate inhibitory effect on calcitriol production. This study was designed to evaluate the relative effects of PTH and dietary phosphorus and calcium on serum calcitriol levels. Methods. Renal failure was surgically induced and rats were divided into normal, moderate renal failure, and advanced renal failure based on the serum creatinine. Each group was subdivided and received either a high-phosphorus diet (HPD, 0.6% Ca, 1.2% P) or high-calcium diet (HCaD, 1.2% Ca, 0.6% P) for 14-16 days to determine the relative effects of dietary calcium and phosphorus loading on serum calcitriol. In addition the effect of PTH and phosphorus on calcitriol stimulation was determined with a 48-h PTH infusion combined with either a low (0.16%) or high (1%) phosphorus diet; both diets had negligible calcium (<0.05%). Results. With decreasing renal function, PTH increased and was greater in rats fed the HPD than the HCaD; serum calcitriol decreased as renal function decreased and was lower in normal rats and rats with moderate renal failure fed a HCaD (P<0.01). The calcitriol response to a PTH infusion decreased as renal function decreased (P<0.05) but was greater on a low- (0.16%) than a high- (1%) phosphorus diet (P<0.05). Conclusions. Dietary calcium loading: either directly decreases serum calcitriol or acts by modifying the stimulatory effect of PTH; the stimulatory effect of PTH on serum calcitriol is modified by dietary phosphorus; in moderate renal failure, serum calcitriol levels depend on a complex interaction between PTH and dietary calcium and phosphorus; and in advanced renal failure, serum calcitriol levels are low and are difficult to stimulate, presumably because of the loss of renal mass. C1 HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,UNIT INVEST,CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV REINA SOFIA,DEPT NEPHROL,CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP LA PAZ,MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV HOSP,DEPT NEPHROL,TENERIFE,SPAIN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1553 EP 1558 PG 6 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA VC629 UT WOS:A1996VC62900016 PM 8856210 ER PT J AU Peabody, J Cannon, P AF Peabody, J Cannon, P TI Orphan drug policy - Reply SO PHARMACOECONOMICS LA English DT Letter RP Peabody, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS HOSP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-7690 J9 PHARMACOECONOMICS JI Pharmacoeconomics PD AUG PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 191 EP 192 PG 2 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VA802 UT WOS:A1996VA80200011 ER PT J AU Reid, MS Ho, LB Berger, SP AF Reid, MS Ho, LB Berger, SP TI Effects of environmental conditioning on the development of nicotine sensitization: Behavioral and neurochemical analysis SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE environmental conditioning; nicotine; rat; sensitization; behavioral and neurochemical analysis ID LOCOMOTOR STIMULANT ACTION; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; DOPAMINE RELEASE; TERMINAL FIELDS; TOLERANT RATS; COCAINE; AGONIST; MICROINJECTIONS; PRETREATMENT; AMPHETAMINE AB We have investigated the effects of environmental conditioning on the induction of nicotine sensitization of locomotion, stereotypy and nucleus accumbens dopamine release. Sprague-Dawley rats, some of which had been previously implanted with a microdialysis guide cannula over the nucleus accumbens, were sensitized with 5 days of repeated nicotine (0.6 mg/kg per day, SC) or saline injections (1 ml/kg per day). During nicotine treatment the drug administration was either paired with the microdialysis/activity monitor testing chamber (conditioned) (n=6) or with the animal's home cage (unconditioned) (n=6) and after 60 min the animal was returned to home cage and received a second injection of saline 15 min later. A third group received saline in the testing apparatus followed by nicotine in the home cage (pseudo-conditioned) (n=6). In the guide cannulated animals, 2 mm microdialysis probes were inserted after completing day 5 of treatment and all animals were tested for their response to nicotine (0.6 mg/kg, SC) on day 6. Both locomotor activity and nucleus accumbens dopamine release showed a larger response subsequent to nicotine challenge in the nicotine versus saline pretreated animals in the conditioned group, but not in the unconditioned group. In the pseudo-conditioned group there was an increase in the stereotypy responses to nicotine, however the locomotor and dopamine release responses were not significantly enhanced. The results from the conditioned group were confirmed in animals which were tested for behavioral activation and dopamine release simultaneously (n=5). These findings indicate that nicotine sensitization of locomotor activity and nucleus accumbens dopamine release (using a 5-day pretreatment protocol) is dependent on conditioning the animal to the testing environment during nicotine pretreatment. RP Reid, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, DEPT PSYCHIAT, PSYCHIAT SERV 116W, SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94121 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [T32 DA07250] NR 48 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD AUG PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.1007/BF02247381 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA VD849 UT WOS:A1996VD84900005 PM 8878346 ER PT J AU Manchanda, S Leevers, AM Wilson, CR Simon, PM Skatrud, JB Dempsey, JA AF Manchanda, S Leevers, AM Wilson, CR Simon, PM Skatrud, JB Dempsey, JA TI Frequency and volume thresholds for inhibition of inspiratory motor output during mechanical ventilation SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE control of breathing; frequency, threshold; mammals, humans; motor output, respiratory; threshold, motor output inhibition; volume, threshold ID RESPIRATORY MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; CENTRAL APNEA; SLEEP; HUMANS; HYPOCAPNIA; WAKEFULNESS AB We quantified volume and frequency thresholds necessary for the inhibition of respiratory motor output during prolonged normocapnic mechanical ventilation in healthy subjects during wakefulness (n = 7) and NREM sleep (n = 5). Subjects were ventilated at eupneic frequency (fR) with 3 min step-wise increases in tidal volume (VT), or at eupneic VT with step-wise increases in fR, or by combinations of these two parameters. Inhibition of respiratory motor output was determined using mask pressure and, when available, esophageal pressure and diaphragmatic EMG. During wakefulness, the volume threshold (at eupneic fR) averaged 969 +/- 94 ml or 1.3-1.4 times the average eupneic tidal volume; the frequency threshold (at eupneic VT was 14.1 +/- 0.7 min(-1) or 1.2 times the average eupneic frequency. The volume threshold was reduced when MV was provided at an fR above the eupneic value, and the frequency threshold was decreased when MV was provided at a VT above the eupneic level. During NREM sleep (n = 5) the volume threshold for inhibition was 835 +/- 108 ml or 1.4-1.5 times eupneic VT. The inhibitory thresholds for VT and fR were reproducible upon repeat trials within subjects. We conclude that inhibition of respiratory motor output during prolonged normocapnic mechanical ventilation in wakefulness or NREM sleep is highly sensitive to changes in ventilator VT, fR and their combination. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED RES SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,JOHN RANKIN LAB PULM MED,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PREVENT MED,JOHN RANKIN LAB PULM MED,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 28 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0034-5687(96)00037-0 PG 16 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA VK468 UT WOS:A1996VK46800001 PM 8897646 ER PT J AU Hurwitz, EL Aker, PD Adams, AH Meeker, WC Shekelle, PG AF Hurwitz, EL Aker, PD Adams, AH Meeker, WC Shekelle, PG TI Manipulation and mobilization of the cervical spine - A systematic review of the literature SO SPINE LA English DT Review DE headache; neck pain; spinal manipulation ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; LOW-BACK-PAIN; EXTRACRANIAL VERTEBRAL ARTERY; CHRONIC NECK PAIN; CHIROPRACTIC MANIPULATION; MANUAL THERAPY; VERTEBROBASILAR ISCHEMIA; DIAPHRAGMATIC PARALYSIS; OUTCOME MEASURES; PERSISTENT BACK AB Study Design. Cervical spine manipulation and mobilization were reviewed in an analysis of the literature from 1966 to the present. Objectives. To assess the evidence for the efficacy and complications of cervical spine manipulation and mobilization for the treatment of neck pain and headache. Summary of Background Data. Although recent research has demonstrated the efficacy of spinal manipulation for some patients with low back pain, little is known about its efficacy for neck pain and headache. Methods. A structured search of four computerized bibliographic data bases was performed to identify articles on the efficacy and complications of cervical spine manual therapy. Data were summarized, and randomized controlled trials were critically appraised for study quality. The confidence profile method of meta-analysis was used to estimate the effect of spine manipulation on patients' pain status. Results. Two of three randomized controlled trials showed a short-term benefit for cervical mobilization for acute neck pain. The combination of three of the randomized controlled trials comparing spinal manipulation with other therapies for patients with subacute or chronic neck pain showed an improvement on a 100-mm visual analogue scale of pain at 3 weeks of 12.6 mm (95% confidence interval, -0.15, 25.5) for manipulation compared with muscle relaxants or usual medical care. The highest quality randomized controlled trial demonstrated that spinal manipulation provided short-term relief for patients with tension-type headache. The complication rate for cervical spine manipulation is estimated to be between 5 and 10 per 10 million manipulations. Conclusions. Cervical spine manipulation and mobilization probably provide at least short-term benefits for some patients with neck pain and headaches. Although the complication rate of manipulation is small, the potential for adverse outcomes must be considered because of the possibility of permanent impairment or death. C1 RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA. CANADIAN MEM CHIROPRACT COLL,TORONTO,ON,CANADA. LOS ANGELES COLL CHIROPRACT,WHITTIER,CA. PALMER COLL CHIROPRACT W,SAN JOSE,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Hurwitz, EL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,73-318 CTR HLTH SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 135 TC 239 Z9 242 U1 3 U2 21 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD AUG 1 PY 1996 VL 21 IS 15 BP 1746 EP 1759 DI 10.1097/00007632-199608010-00007 PG 14 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA VA486 UT WOS:A1996VA48600007 PM 8855459 ER PT J AU Atiya, A Cohen, G Ignarro, L Brunicardi, FC AF Atiya, A Cohen, G Ignarro, L Brunicardi, FC TI Nitric oxide regulates insulin secretion in the isolated perfused human pancreas via a cholinergic mechanism SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 57th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-University-Surgeons CY FEB 08-10, 1996 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Soc Univ Surgeons ID BLOOD-FLOW; SYNTHASE; NEURONS; RAT; CELLS; MONKEY AB Background. The purpose of this study Was to determine whether nitric oxide regulates insulin secretion in the isolated perfused human pancreas. Methods, Single-pass perfursion was performed in four pancreata with a modified Krebs medium. Sequential 10-minute infusions (separated by 10-minute basal periods) of (1) 25 nmol/L acetylcholine, (2) 2.5 mu mol/L acetylcholine, and (3) 16.7 mmol/L glucose were initially infused. Then 0.1 mu mol/L of N-G-monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA) was infused during a period of 10 minutes, and steps (I) through (3) were repeated. The change in insulin secretion from basal levels during each stimulation teas calculated and compared with that see after NMMA infusion. Results. Infusion of 25 nmol/L and 2.5 mu mol/L acetylcholine resulted in a significant stimulation of insulin secretion before NMMA infusion (p < 0.05) and after NMMA infusion for acetylcholine at 25 nmol/L (p < 0.05). The was a significant decrease in acetylcholine-induced insulin secretion after NMMA infusion for acetylcholine at 25 nmol/L and 2.5 mu mol/L compared with before NMMA infusion (p < 0.05). Infusion of 16.7 mmol/L glucose significantly stimulated insulin secretion before and after NMMA infusion, but there was no significant difference seen with insulin secretion before and after NMMA infusion. Insulin secretion was significantly inhibited during NMMA infusion (p < 0.05). Conclusions, These data show that infusion of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NMMA suppressed cholinergic-stimulated insulin secretion but did not affect glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. We conclude that nitric oxide regulates insulin secretion in the isolated perfused human pancreas. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MOL PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R29DK46441-01] NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD AUG PY 1996 VL 120 IS 2 BP 322 EP 327 DI 10.1016/S0039-6060(96)80305-9 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VK886 UT WOS:A1996VK88600028 PM 8751600 ER PT J AU Pang, XP Ross, NS Hershman, JM AF Pang, XP Ross, NS Hershman, JM TI Alterations in TNF-alpha signal transduction in resistant human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MANGANOUS SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; NF-KAPPA-B; FACTOR RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ACTIVATION; BINDING; LINES AB Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) inhibit the growth of the human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell line, NP. Exposure of NP cells to TNF-alpha resulted in the development of several PTC cell lines (R30, R45, and R60) with graded loss to the TNF-alpha-induced antiproliferation, termed resistance. In contrast, the NP cells and the resistant cells were equally sensitive to the antiproliferative action of interferon-gamma. Utilizing TNF-alpha receptor-specific agonist monoclonal antibodies, we demonstrated that the TNF-alpha receptor p55 mediated the antiproliferative action of TNF-alpha, while the p75 receptor did not affect cell proliferation in the NP cell line. The resistant PTC cell lines, however, showed a graded loss of p55 receptor-mediated antiproliferation and a concomitant activation of a p75 receptor-mediated growth stimulation. Shedding of TNF receptors is an important mechanism of TNF-alpha receptor metabolism. The p55 receptor mediated the TNF-alpha-induced up-regulation of the shedding of the p75 TNF-alpha receptor. The p75 receptor mediated the TNF-alpha-induced down-regulation of the shedding of the p55 receptor. However, the shedding of the p75 receptor was decreased and the shedding of the p55 receptor was increased in the resistant R60 cell line compared with the NP cell line, in the presence and absence of TNF-alpha. In contrast, IFN-gamma increased shedding of both p55 and p75 TNF-alpha receptors in NP and R60 cell lines with equal potency. Furthermore, the resistant PTC cell lines have increased basal manganous superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) expression and blunted induction of MnSOD mRNA upon short-term TNF-alpha treatment (less than 2 h of treatment). The results indicate that a decrease in signal transduction via the p55 TNF-alpha receptor and concomitant increase in signal transduction via the p75 TNF-alpha receptor are involved in the development of MTC cell resistance. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. COLUMBUS VA OUTPATIENT CLIN, COLUMBUS, OH 43203 USA. RP Pang, XP (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, THYROID CANC RES LAB, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, BLDG 114, RM 200, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 61863] NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1050-7256 EI 1557-9077 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD AUG PY 1996 VL 6 IS 4 BP 313 EP 317 DI 10.1089/thy.1996.6.313 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA VF398 UT WOS:A1996VF39800011 PM 8875753 ER PT J AU Chen, CW Oberley, TD Roy, D AF Chen, CW Oberley, TD Roy, D TI Inhibition of stilbene estrogen-induced cell proliferation of renal epithelial cells through the modulation of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor expression SO CANCER LETTERS LA English DT Article DE stilbene estrogen; insulin-like growth factor-I receptor; renal epithelial cells ID HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; TUBULAR CELLS; IGF-I; ANTIBODY; OVEREXPRESSION; SECRETION; INVITRO; PROTEIN; MITOGEN; CULTURE AB In the present study, we have investigated the effects of stilbene estrogen, diethylstilbestrol (DES), on the proliferative activity and expression of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) receptor in Syrian hamster renal epithelial cells. DES exposure to renal epithelial cells caused both dose- and time-dependent increases in proliferative activity. We also tested the effects of antiestrogen ICI 182780 and insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) antibody on cell proliferation. Cotreatment of cells with ICI 182780 (250 nM) and DES resulted in a 50% decrease in cell growth compared to DES alone. Treatment of cells with an anti-IGF-IR antibody (alpha IR3, 1 mu g/ml) also significantly reversed the growth-stimulatory effects of DES. A nuclear binding assay revealed that an enhanced level (similar to 2-fold) of [I-125]IGF-I binding to nuclear protein occurred in DES treated renal epithelial cell nuclei compared to controls. IGF-I receptor gene expression analyzed by Northern blotting revealed that DES treatment increased the level of IGF-IR mRNA by 2-fold compared to controls. We also tested the effect of ICI compound on the induction of IGF-I receptor gene. The cotreatment of ICI 182780 strongly inhibited DES-induced IGF-I receptor gene expression (50-60% inhibition). Stimulation of the proliferative activity of renal epithelial cells by stilbene estrogen, its prevention by IGF-I receptor antibody, and inhibition of DES-induced proliferative activity and the expression of IGF-I receptors by ICI 182780 suggest the possibility that the stimulatory effect of DES on the proliferative activity of renal epithelial cells may be mediated through the up-regulation of IGF-I receptors. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH SCI,ENVIRONM TOXICOL PROGRAM,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA52584] NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3835 J9 CANCER LETT JI Cancer Lett. PD JUL 19 PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 51 EP 59 DI 10.1016/0304-3835(96)04263-2 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA UV573 UT WOS:A1996UV57300009 PM 8689633 ER PT J AU Kowluru, A Seavey, SE Li, GD Sorenson, RL Weinhaus, AJ Nesher, R Rabaglia, ME Vadakekalam, J Metz, SA AF Kowluru, A Seavey, SE Li, GD Sorenson, RL Weinhaus, AJ Nesher, R Rabaglia, ME Vadakekalam, J Metz, SA TI Glucose- and GTP-dependent stimulation of the carboxyl methylation of CDC42 in rodent and human pancreatic islets and pure beta cells - Evidence for an essential role of GTP-binding proteins in nutrient-induced insulin secretion SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE pancreatic beta cell; insulin secretion; GTP-binding proteins; CDC42; carboxyl methylation ID NUCLEOSIDE DIPHOSPHOKINASE ACTIVITY; GDP-DISSOCIATION INHIBITOR; ADP-RIBOSYLATION FACTORS; RAT ISLETS; FARNESYLCYSTEINE ANALOGS; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE; GDP/GTP EXCHANGE; PLASMA-MEMBRANE AB Several GTP-binding proteins (G-proteins) undergo posttranslational modifications (isoprenylation and carboxyl methylation) in pancreatic beta cells. Herein, two of these were identified as CDC42 and rap 1, using Western blotting and immunoprecipitation. Confocal microscopic data indicated that CDC42 is localized only in islet endocrine cells but not in acinar cells of the pancreas. CDC42 undergoes a guanine nucleotide-specific membrane association and carboxyl methylation in normal rat islets, human islets, and pure beta (HIT or INS-1) cells. GTP gamma S-dependent carboxyl methylation of a 23-kD protein was also demonstrable in secretory granule fractions from normal islets or beta cells. AFC (a specific inhibitor of prenyl-cysteine carboxyl methyl transferases) blocked the carboxyl methylation of CDC42 in five types of insulin-secreting cells, without blocking GTP gamma S-induced translocation, implying that methylation is a consequence (not a cause) of transfer to membrane sites. High glucose (but not a depolarizing concentration of K+) induced the carboxyl methylation of CDC42 in intact cells, as assessed after specific immunoprecipitation. This effect was abrogated by GTP depletion using mycophenolic acid and was restored upon GTP repletion by coprovision of guanosine. In contrast, although rap 1 was also carboxyl methylated, it was not translocated to the particulate fraction by GTP gamma S; furthermore, its methylation was also stimulated by 40 mM K+ (suggesting a role which is not specific to nutrient stimulation). AFC also impeded nutrient-induced (but not K+-induced) insulin secretion from islets and beta cells under static or perifusion conditions, whereas an inactive structural analogue of AFC failed to inhibit insulin release. These effects were reproduced not only by S-adenosylhomocysteine (another methylation inhibitor), but also by GTP depletion. Thus, the glucose- and GTP-dependent carboxyl methylation of G-proteins such as CDC42 is an obligate step in the stimulus-secretion coupling of nutrient-induced insulin secretion, but not in the exocytotic event itself. Furthermore, AFC blocked glucose-activated phosphoinositide turnover, which may provide a partial biochemical explanation for its effect on secretion, and implies that certain G-proteins must be carboxyl methylated for their interaction with signaling effector molecules, a step which can be regulated by intracellular availability of GTP. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL & NEUROANAT,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,HADASSAH MED CTR,DEPT ENDOCRINOL & METAB,IL-91120 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK33655, DK37312] NR 68 TC 100 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 98 IS 2 BP 540 EP 555 DI 10.1172/JCI118822 PG 16 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA VA160 UT WOS:A1996VA16000040 PM 8755667 ER PT J AU Pollard, TR Schwesinger, WH Page, CP Schauer, PR Sirinek, KR AF Pollard, TR Schwesinger, WH Page, CP Schauer, PR Sirinek, KR TI Upper gastrointestinal bleeding following major surgical procedures: Prevalence, etiology, and outcome SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; OPEN-HEART-SURGERY; GASTRIC PH; CIMETIDINE; COMPLICATIONS; HEMORRHAGE; FAILURE AB With continuing improvements in the medical therapy of peptic ulcer disease, the incidence of primary upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGIB) has markedly declined. Nonetheless, in a subset of surgical patients, secondary UGIB following a major operation may still be a source of substantial morbidity, To further elucidate this problem, we reviewed 103 cases of overt UGIB following all major surgical procedures conducted in two hospitals between July 1982 and June 1994. The prevalence of postoperative UGIB during this period was 0.39%, The mean interval between initial operation and UGIB was 16 days (range 1-55 days) and there was a high incidence of associated sepsis (26%). The source of bleeding was defined endoscopically in all cases and included gastritis (69.9%), solitary ulcers (17.5%), and other causes (12.6%). Postoperative UGIB (nonvariceal) was most commonly seen following portacaval shunting operations but mortality rates were highest in patients who developed UGIB after cardiovascular operations. We conclude that: (1) postoperative UGIB has become a relatively uncommon but still formidable clinical problem; (2) erosive gastritis continues to be the major source of UGIB but acute ulcers, varices, and other causes contribute to the total; and (3) postoperative UGIB is most likely to be fatal in cardiovascular patients and those who develop concurrent sepsis and/or multiorgan failure. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,CTR HLTH SCI,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Pollard, TR (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT SURG,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD JUL 15 PY 1996 VL 64 IS 1 BP 75 EP 78 DI 10.1006/jsre.1996.0309 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA VC180 UT WOS:A1996VC18000013 PM 8806477 ER PT J AU Strobel, RS Nagy, AK Knowles, AF Buegel, J Rosenberg, MD AF Strobel, RS Nagy, AK Knowles, AF Buegel, J Rosenberg, MD TI Chicken oviductal ecto-ATP-diphosphohydrolase - Purification and characterization SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYACRYLAMIDE GELS; BOVINE AORTA; ASSAY; IDENTIFICATION; PHOSPHATE; PROTEINS; ELECTROPHORESIS; SYNAPTOSOMES; LOCALIZATION; MEMBRANES AB An ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase (ATPDase) was purified to homogeneity from vesiculosomes shed from chicken oviduct, First, the ecto-ATPDase-enriched vesiculosomes were concentrated by filtration, differential centrifugation, and exclusion chromatography, Next, the nonionic detergent, Nonidet P-40, was used to extract the ecto-ATPDase from vesiculosomal membranes, and the solubilized enzyme was further purified by ion by ion exchange (DEAE-Bio-Gel) and lentil lectin-Sepharose 4B chromatography, In the final stage, immunoaffinity chromatography was utilized to obtain purified ecto-ATPDase, More than 25,000-fold purification was achieved, Specific activity of the purified enzyme was greater than 800 mu mol/min/mg of protein with MgATP as the substrate, the highest ever reported for an ATPDase, The enzyme also hydrolyzed other nucleoside triphosphates in the presence of magnesium at similar rates and CaATP and MgADP at lower rates, The molecular mass of the purified glycoprotein was 80 kDa as deter mined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis, Based on its enzymatic properties, the relationship of the chicken oviduct ecto-ATPDase with other reported ATPDases and ecto-ATPases is discussed. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT GENET & CELL BIOL,ST PAUL,MN 55108. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROL & MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. SUNY HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,SYRACUSE,NY 13210. NR 56 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 5 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 27 BP 16323 EP 16331 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UW352 UT WOS:A1996UW35200069 PM 8663133 ER PT J AU Robbins, AS AF Robbins, AS TI Introduction: The VA Pilot Program in Ambulatory Care and Education SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,COLL MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. VAMC,SEPULVEDA,CA. RP Robbins, AS (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 7 BP 760 EP 760 PG 1 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA UX394 UT WOS:A1996UX39400022 ER PT J AU Cope, DW Sherman, S Robbins, AS AF Cope, DW Sherman, S Robbins, AS TI Restructuring VA ambulatory care and medical education: The PACE model of primary care SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACADEMIC GROUP-PRACTICE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; INTERNAL-MEDICINE; PREVENTIVE MEDICINE; HEALTH MAINTENANCE; PHYSICIANS; PERSPECTIVE; RESIDENCIES; FEEDBACK; TIME AB The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) Western Region and associated medical schools formulated a set of recommendations for an improved ambulatory health care delivery system during a 1988 strategic planning conference. As a result, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center in Sepulveda, California, initiated the Pilot (now Primary) Ambulatory Care and Education (PACE) program in 1990 to implement and evaluate a model program. The PACE program represents a significant departure from traditional VA and non-VA academic medical center care, shifting the focus of care from the inpatient to the outpatient setting. From its inception, the PACE program has used an interdisciplinary team approach with three independent global care firms. Each firm is interdisciplinary in composition, with a matrix management structure that expands role function and empowers team members. Emphasis is on managed primary care, stressing a biopsychosocial approach and cost-effective comprehensive care emphasizing prevention and health maintenance. Information management is provided through a network of personal computers that serve as a front end to the VHA Decentralized Hospital Computer Program (DHCP) mainframe. In addition to providing comprehensive and cost-effective care, the PACE program educates trainees in all health care disciplines, conducts research, and disseminates information about important procedures and outcomes. Undergraduate and graduate trainees from 11 health care disciplines rotate through the PACE program to learn an integrated approach to managed ambulatory care delivery. All trainees are involved in a problem-based approach to learning that emphasizes shared training experiences among health care disciplines. This paper describes the transitional phases of the PACE program (strategic planning, reorganization, and quality improvement) that are relevant for other institutions that are shifting to training programs emphasizing primary and ambulatory care. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,STAFF AMBULATORY CARE,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,COLL MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. VAMC,PILOT AMBULATORY CARE & EDUC PROGRAM,SEPULVEDA,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 52 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 71 IS 7 BP 761 EP 771 DI 10.1097/00001888-199607000-00008 PG 11 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA UX394 UT WOS:A1996UX39400023 PM 9158344 ER PT J AU Fowler, LJ Smith, SS Snider, T Schultz, MR AF Fowler, LJ Smith, SS Snider, T Schultz, MR TI Apocrine metaplasia in gynecomastia by fine needle aspiration as a possible indicator of anabolic steroid use - A report of two cases SO ACTA CYTOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE metaplasia; gynecomastia; anabolic steroids; aspiration biopsy ID MALE BREAST; CYTOLOGY; CARCINOMA; ADENOMA AB BACKGROUND: The fine needle aspiration finding of apocrine metaplasia in association with the usual cytologic findings of gynecomastia is distinctly unusual. Previous reports do not mention any historical clinical association. CASES: Two otherwise healthy adult males presented for fine needle aspiration (FNA) of new-onset breast masses. Both showed apocrine metaplasia associated with the typical clinical and cytologic features of gynecomastia on FNA. Additional questioning revealed that both patients reported recent anabolic steroid use as part of their body-building routines. CONCLUSION: The fine needle aspiration finding of apocrine metaplasia in association with the usual cytologic and clinical findings of gynecomastia in otherwise healthy adult males without a medication history may be an indicator of illicit anabolic steroid use. Anabolic steroid use often has serious consequences, so its possibility should prompt further evaluation by the patient's clinician. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Fowler, LJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 SN 0001-5547 J9 ACTA CYTOL JI Acta Cytol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 40 IS 4 BP 734 EP 738 PG 5 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA VQ191 UT WOS:A1996VQ19100020 PM 8693895 ER PT J AU Vadakekalam, J Rabaglia, ME Chen, QH Metz, SA AF Vadakekalam, J Rabaglia, ME Chen, QH Metz, SA TI Role for GTP in glucose-induced phospholipase C activation in pancreatic islets SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE mycophenolic acid; insulin secretion; inositol phosphate; carbachol; guanosine 5'-triphosphate ID PERMEABILIZED HIT-T15 CELLS; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; INSULIN-SECRETION; B-CELLS; RAT ISLETS; INOSITOL PHOSPHATES; K+ CHANNELS; RELEASE; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; HYDROLYSIS AB We have previously demonstrated a permissive role for GTP in insulin secretion; in the current studies, we examined the effect of GTP on phospholipase C (PLC) activation to explore one possible mechanism for that observation. In rat islets preexposed to the GTP synthesis inhibitors mycophenolic acid (MPA) or mizoribine (MZ), PLC activation induced by 16.7 mM glucose (or by 20 mM alpha-ketoisocaproic acid) was inhibited 63% without altering the labeling of phosphoinositide substrates. Provision of guanine, which normalizes islet GTP content and insulin release, prevented the inhibition of PLC by MPA. Glucose-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis was blocked by removal of extracellular Ca2+ or by diazoxide. PLC induced directly by Ca2+ influx (i.e., 40 mM K+) was reduced 42% in MPA-pretreated islets but without inhibition of the concomitant insulin release. These data indicate that glucose-induced PLC activation largely reflects Ca2+ entry and demonstrate (for the first time in intact cells) that adequate GTP is necessary for glucose (and Ca2+-)-induced PLC activation but not for maximal Ca2+-induced exocytosis. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT MED, ENDOCRINOL SECT, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-37312] NR 35 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 271 IS 1 BP E85 EP E95 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA UW456 UT WOS:A1996UW45600011 PM 8760085 ER PT J AU Wada, H Zile, MR Ivester, CT Cooper, G McDermott, PJ AF Wada, H Zile, MR Ivester, CT Cooper, G McDermott, PJ TI Comparative effects of contraction and angiotensin II on growth of adult feline cardiocytes in primary culture SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE protein synthesis; cell culture; hypertrophy ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY; CHICK HEART-CELLS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; PRESSURE-OVERLOAD; RAT-HEART; RIBOSOME SYNTHESIS; GENE-EXPRESSION; STIMULATION AB The purposes of this study were 1) to determine whether angiotensin II causes growth of adult feline cardiocytes in long-term culture, 2) to compare the growth effects of angiotensin II with those resulting from electrically stimulated contraction, and 3) to determine whether the anabolic effects of contraction are exerted via the angiotensin type 1 receptor. Adult feline cardiocytes were cultured on laminin-coated trays in a serum-free medium. Cardiocytes were either electrically stimulated to contract (1 Hz, 5-ms pulse duration, alternating polarity) or were nonstimulated and quiescent. Quiescent cells were studied as controls and after treatment with angiotensin II (10(-8) M), losartan (10(-6) M; an angiotensin type 1-receptor antagonist), or angiotensin II plus losartan. Contracting cells were studied in the presence and absence of angiotensin II or losartan. In quiescent cardiocytes, angiotensin II treatment on day 7 significantly increased protein synthesis rates by 22% and protein content per cell by 17%. The effects of angiotensin II were completely blocked by losartan. Electrically stimulated contraction on days 4 and 7 in culture significantly increased protein synthesis rate by 18 and 38% and protein content per cell by 19 and 46%, respectively. Angiotensin II treatment did not further increase protein synthesis rate or protein content in contracting cardiocytes. Furthermore, losartan did not block the anabolic effects of contraction on protein synthesis rates or protein content. In conclusion, angiotensin II can exert a modest anabolic effect on adult feline cardiocytes in culture. In contracting feline cardiocytes, angiotensin II has no effect on growth. Growth caused by electrically stimulated contraction occurs more rapidly and is greater in magnitude than that caused by angiotensin II. Growth of contracting adult feline cardiocytes is not dependent on activation of the angiotensin receptor. C1 GAZES CARDIAC RES INST, DEPT MED, CHARLESTON, SC USA. GAZES CARDIAC RES INST, DEPT PHYSIOL, CHARLESTON, SC USA. GAZES CARDIAC RES INST, DEPT CELL BIOL & ANAT, CHARLESTON, SC USA. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29401 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL-48788] NR 38 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 271 IS 1 BP H29 EP H37 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA UX526 UT WOS:A1996UX52600005 PM 8760154 ER PT J AU Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT AF Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT TI Urban ectopy in the mountains: Carbon monoxide exposure at high altitude SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; ISCHEMIC HEART-DISEASE; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; ANGINA-PECTORIS; ARRHYTHMIAS; CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN; MANAGEMENT; BLOOD AB Environmental exposure to inhaled carbon monoxide (CO) increases coronary artery disease risk. Sudden cardiac death, a frequent manifestation of coronary artery disease, is usually a result of ventricular dysrhythmia. The effect of exposure to CO at sea level (CO/SL) and simulated high (2.1 km) altitudes (CO/HA) on the incidence of cardiac ectopy in subjects with coronary artery disease was investigated. A double-blind crossover study was conducted, with random-order assignment, and each subject served as his own control. Seventeen men with documented coronary artery disease and stable angina pectoris performed cardiopulmonary exercise stress tests after random exposure to either CO or clean air (CA) at sea level (CA/SL) or at a simulated 2.1-km high altitude (CA/HA). The individual CO and HA exposure conditions were each selected to reduce the percentage of oxygen saturation of the subjects(1) arterial blood by 4%. Subjects(1) blood carboxyhemoglobin levels were increased from an average of 0.62% after clean-air exposure to 3.91% of saturation after CO exposure. The percentage of oxygen saturation in arterial blood was reduced from a baseline level of 98% to approximately 94% after CO/SL or CA/HA and to approximately 90% after CO/HA. Compared with the CA/SL (i.e., 10 premature ventricular contractions [PVCs]), the average incidence of exercise-induced ventricular ectopy was approximately doubled after all exposures (CO/SL = 18 PVCs, CA/HA = 16 PVCs, and CO/HA = 19 PVCs), and a significant trend (p < .05) of increased ectopy with decreased oxygen saturation in arterial blood was observed. Yet, among subjects who were free from ectopy (n = 11) on CA/SL, only 2 subjects developed ectopy after CO/HA. No episodes of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation occurred. The findings indicated that exposure to increased levels of hypoxemia, resulting from hypoxic and/or CO exposures, increased the susceptibility to ventricular ectopy during exercise in individuals with stable angina pectoris; however, this risk was nominal for those without ectopy. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT COMMUNITY & ENVIRONM MED,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Leaf, DA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED 691 111G,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 SN 0003-9896 J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH JI Arch. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 51 IS 4 BP 283 EP 290 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VC547 UT WOS:A1996VC54700004 PM 8757408 ER PT J AU George, MS Parekh, PI Rosinsky, N Ketter, TA Kimbrell, TA Heilman, KM Herscovitch, P Post, RM AF George, MS Parekh, PI Rosinsky, N Ketter, TA Kimbrell, TA Heilman, KM Herscovitch, P Post, RM TI Understanding emotional prosody activates right hemisphere regions SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LANGUAGE; PET; COMPREHENSION; ORGANIZATION; APROSODIAS; ANATOMY; WORDS AB Background: Defects in expressing or understanding the affective or emotional tone of speech (aprosodias) have been associated with right hemisphere dysfunction, while defects of propositional language have been linked to left hemisphere disease. The brain regions involved in recognition of emotional prosody in healthy subjects is less clear. Objectives: To investigate the brain regions involved in understanding emotional prosody and to determine whether these differ from those involved in understanding emotion based on propositional content. Methods: We studied 13 healthy subjects using water labeled with radioactive oxygen 15 and positron emission tomography while they listened to 3 similar sets of spoken English sentences. In different tasks, their responses were based on the emotional propositional content, on the emotional intonation of the sentence (prosody), or on their ability to repeat the second word in the sentence (control). Results: Understanding propositional content activated the prefrontal cortex bilaterally, on the left more than on the right. In contrast, responding to the emotional prosody activated the right prefrontal cortex. Conclusion: Neurologically healthy subjects activate right hemisphere regions during emotional prosody recognition. C1 NIMH,BIOL PSYCHIAT BRANCH,DIV INTRAMURAL RES PROGRAMS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NIH,PET DEPT,CTR CLIN,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT NEUROL,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT NEUROL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. RP George, MS (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT RADIOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 40 TC 175 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 53 IS 7 BP 665 EP 670 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UW177 UT WOS:A1996UW17700013 PM 8929174 ER PT J AU Levy, ML Miller, BL Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Craig, A AF Levy, ML Miller, BL Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Craig, A TI Alzheimer disease and frontotemporal dementias - Behavioral distinctions SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRONTAL-LOBE DEGENERATION; SPECT CHARACTERISTICS; CLINICAL PICTURE; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a syndrome produced by lobar degeneration of the temporal and/or frontal lobes. Objectives: To quantify the behavioral disturbances of FTD and compare them with behavioral changes observed in Alzheimer disease (AD). Design: Cross-sectional comparison of 2 groups defined by research diagnostic criteria and single photon emission computed tomography. Behaviors were assessed using a standardized rating scale-Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Groups were matched for dementia severity. Setting: Patients were seen at 2 university-based outpatient dementia clinics and a Veterans Affairs medical center. Participants: Twenty-two patients with FTD and 30 patients with AD. Results: Patients with FTD had significantly greater total Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores than patients with AD and exhibited more apathy, disinhibition, euphoria, and aberrant motor behavior. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory accurately assigned 77% of patients with FTD and 77% of patients with AD to the correct diagnostic group using disinhibition, apathy, and depression. Patients with FTD had higher levels of disinhibition and apathy with relatively lower levels of depression compared with patients with AD. Conclusions: The Neuropsychiatric Inventory provides a behavioral profile that differentiates patients with FTD from patients with AD. Patients with FTD are more behaviorally disturbed but are often less depressed than patients with AD relative to their level of apathy. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SCH MED,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 21 TC 205 Z9 208 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 53 IS 7 BP 687 EP 690 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UW177 UT WOS:A1996UW17700017 PM 8929178 ER PT J AU Frueh, BC Turner, SM Beidel, DC Mirabella, RF Jones, WJ AF Frueh, BC Turner, SM Beidel, DC Mirabella, RF Jones, WJ TI Trauma management therapy: A preliminary evaluation of a multicomponent behavioral treatment for chronic combat-related PTSD SO BEHAVIOUR RESEARCH AND THERAPY LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VIETNAM VETERANS; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT; EMOTIONAL IMAGERY; EXPOSURE THERAPY; SOCIAL PHOBIA; ANXIETY; SYMPTOMS; RESPONSES; MEMORIES AB The development and initial evaluation of a new, comprehensive and multicomponent behavioral treatment (Trauma Management Therapy, or TMT) for chronic combat-related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is described. The program utilizes elements of intensive exposure therapy, programmed practice, and structured social and emotional skills training to target the multiple aspects of chronic combat-related PTSD. The treatment was found to be effective in alleviating a broad spectrum of difficulties in combat veterans with chronic PTSD, most of whom had co-occuring Axis I and/or Axis II disorders. The results are discussed with respect to the implementation of the new treatment and the general need for a comprehensive approach to treating combat-related PTSD. Implications for the potential cost-effectiveness of the treatment program also are discussed. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI, ANXIETY PREVENT & TREATMENT RES CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. JOHNS HOPKINS MED CTR, KENNEDY KRIEGER INST, DEPT BEHAV PSYCHOL, BALTIMORE, MD USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT HLTH POLICY & ADM, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RP Frueh, BC (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, 109 BEE ST, CHARLESTON, SC 29401 USA. NR 69 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0005-7967 J9 BEHAV RES THER JI Behav. Res. Ther. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 34 IS 7 BP 533 EP 543 DI 10.1016/0005-7967(96)00020-4 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA VE455 UT WOS:A1996VE45500003 PM 8826760 ER PT J AU McPherson, SE Cummings, JL AF McPherson, SE Cummings, JL TI Neuropsychological aspects of vascular dementia SO BRAIN AND COGNITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Conference on the Dementias - Diagnosis and Implications for Management CY MAR, 1994 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Baycrest Ctr Geriatr Care, Rotman Res Inst, Univ Calif Los Angeles, Alzheimers Res Ctr ID SUBCORTICAL ARTERIOSCLEROTIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; PARAMEDIAN THALAMIC INFARCTION; WHITE MATTER LUCENCIES; SCAN LEUKO-ARAIOSIS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; BINSWANGERS DISEASE; NEUROLOGIC FINDINGS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; LANGUAGE; IMPAIRMENT AB Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common cause of dementia in the elderly. Neuropsychologically, VaD has been characterized traditionally as having a ''patchy'' pattern of cognitive deficits. Newly developed diagnostic criteria for VaD suggest that this ''patchy'' pattern is associated with one type of VaD - multiple cortical infarctions, and that several additional subtypes of VaD exist, each featuring a characteristic pattern of neuropsychological deficits. Strategic infarct de mentias have unique features that reflect the specific brain region affected. Lacunar state and Binswanger's disease produce subcortical dementia with disproportionate executive dysfunction. The profile of neuropsychological disturbances observed in VaD patients provides important insight into the localization and pathophysiology of the underlying cerebrovascular disease. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,ALZHEIMERS DIS CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 60 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0278-2626 J9 BRAIN COGNITION JI Brain Cogn. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 31 IS 2 BP 269 EP 282 DI 10.1006/brcg.1996.0045 PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA UX223 UT WOS:A1996UX22300011 PM 8812007 ER PT J AU Lanza, E Schatzkin, A BallardBarbash, R Corle, D Clifford, C Paskett, E Hayes, D Bote, E Caan, B Shike, M Weissfeld, J Slattery, M Mateski, D Daston, C AF Lanza, E Schatzkin, A BallardBarbash, R Corle, D Clifford, C Paskett, E Hayes, D Bote, E Caan, B Shike, M Weissfeld, J Slattery, M Mateski, D Daston, C TI The polyp prevention trial II: Dietary intervention program and participant baseline dietary characteristics (vol 5, pg 385, 1996) SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,WINSTON SALEM,NC. SUNY BUFFALO,SCH MED & BIOMED SCI,BUFFALO,NY. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,HINES,IL 60141. KAISER FDN RES INST,OAKLAND,CA. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA. UNIV UTAH,SALT LAKE CITY,UT. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WESTAT CORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP Lanza, E (reprint author), NCI,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 1 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 5 IS 7 BP 584 EP 584 PG 1 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UW619 UT WOS:A1996UW61900015 ER PT J AU Dion, LD Goldsmith, KT Garver, RI AF Dion, LD Goldsmith, KT Garver, RI TI Quantitative and in vivo activity of adenoviral-producing cells made by cotransduction of a replication-defective adenovirus and a replication-enabling plasmid SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE neoplasms; genetic vectors; adenoviridae; adenovirus E1 proteins ID BRAIN-TUMORS; GENE; SEQUENCES; THERAPY; GLIOMA; MODEL AB Achieving limited recombinant viral replication may provide a means of amplifying viral-mediated gene transfer in vivo. We have previously shown that cotransduction of an El-defective adenovirus with a plasmid containing the deleted El functions into prostate carcinoma cells resulted in El-defective virus production by those cells. The studies described here have extended these findings to more firmly establish the capacity of the trans complementation approach to achieve amplification of recombinant viral transgene expression. The recombinant virus used for all the studies was AdCMV-luc which contained a luciferase expression cassette; the replication-enabling plasmid, pE1, encoded the El functions deleted from AdCMV-luc. Quantitative in vitro studies with the HeLa cell line showed that for each plaque forming unit of AdCMV-luc originally exposed to the cells, 0.54 x 10(3) new replication-defective viruses were detected in supernatants and lysates over the following 3 days. Multiple cell lines were shown to support new virus production following cotransduction of AdCMV-luc and pE1. Small numbers of replication-competent viruses were detected in the lysates and supernatants from the cotransduced cells such that for every 10(5) replication-defective viruses approximately two replication-competent viruses were produced. Tumor nodules produced by engrafting a mixture of AdCMV-luc/pE1-cotransduced HeLa cells with uninfected HeLa cells yielded much higher levels of luciferase expression than control rumors containing mixtures of cells infected with AdCMV-luc alone. In total, these results demonstrate new virus production by cells receiving a replication-defective adenovirus and a replication-enabling plasmid are capable of amplifying recombinant viral transgene expression in vivo. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,SCH MED,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VAMC,BIRMINGHAM,AL. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 3 IS 4 BP 230 EP 237 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA VA441 UT WOS:A1996VA44100002 PM 8853547 ER PT J AU LopesVirella, MF Virella, G AF LopesVirella, MF Virella, G TI Cytokines, modified lipoproteins, and arteriosclerosis in diabetes SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International-Diabetes-Federation Satellite Symposium on Diabetes and Macrovascular Complications CY NOV 12-13, 1994 CL OSAKA, JAPAN SP Int Diabet Federat, Multiclin Study Grp Diabet Macroangiopathy, Japan Cardiovasc Res Fdn, Japan Diabet Soc, Japan Atherosclerosis Soc ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; NON-ENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION; CHOLESTERYL ESTER SYNTHESIS; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; INTERLEUKIN-1; ANTIBODIES; ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB Modified Lipoproteins, particularly different forms of oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), have been reported to elicit humoral immune responses both in experimental animals, and humans. In diabetes, glycation and oxidation processes coexist and lead to the formation of glycoxidation products. Ox-LDL has been demonstrated in atheromatous lesions, anti-ox-LDL antibodies have been detected in circulation and in atheromatous plaques, and immune complexes (ICs) formed with LDL and anti-LDL (LDL-IC) have been isolated from the serum of patients with manifestations of atherosclerosis. In addition, in vitro formed LDL-ICs and ICs isolated from patients have been demonstrated to cause intracellular accumulation of cholesteryl esters (CEs) in human macrophages and fibroblasts. The accumulation of CEs in macrophages exposed to LDL-ICs is unique to this type of IC and is associated with paradoxical overexpression of LDL receptor and with increased synthesis and release of interleukin 1 beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha. The overexpression of LDL receptors is higher in LDL-IC-stimulated macrophages that release markedly high amounts of TNF-alpha than in macrophages that release low amounts of TNF-alpha into the medium. The release of cytokines in the subendothelial space may have a significant role in promoting the interaction of endothelial cells with mononuclear cells, causing endothelial cell damage directly or indirectly, and also in inducing smooth muscle cell proliferation. Thus, in view of the above data, it can be concluded that humoral autoimmunity may play a significant role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV METAB ENDOCRINOL & NUTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP LopesVirella, MF (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29403, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-46815] NR 49 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JUL PY 1996 VL 45 SU 3 BP S40 EP S44 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UV115 UT WOS:A1996UV11500009 PM 8674888 ER PT J AU Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE Nelson, RG Greene, T AF Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE Nelson, RG Greene, T TI A foot risk classification system to predict diabetic amputation in Pima Indians SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATIONS; MANAGEMENT; MELLITUS; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE - To quantify the contribution of various risk factors to the risk of amputation in diabetic patients and to develop a foot risk scoring system based on clinical data. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A population-based case-control study was undertaken. Eligible subjects were 1) 25-85 years of age, 2) diabetic, 3) 50% or more Pima or Tohono O'odham Indian, 4) lived in the Gila River Indian Community, and 5) had had at least one National Institutes of Health research examination. Case patients had had an incident lower extremity amputation between 1983 and 1992; control subjects had no amputation by 1992. Medical records were reviewed to determine risk conditions and health status before the pivotal event that led to the amputation. RESULTS - Sixty-one people with amputations were identified and compared with 183 control subjects. Men were more likely to suffer amputation than women (odds ratio [OR] 6.5, 95% CI 2.6-15), and people with diabetic eye, renal, or cardiovascular disease were more likely to undergo amputation than those without (OR 4.6, 95% CI 1.7-12). The risk of amputation was almost equally associated with these foot risk factors. peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, bony deformities, and a history of foot ulcers. After controlling for demographic differences and diabetes severity, the ORs for amputation with one loot risk factor was 2.1 (95% CI 1.4-3.3), with two risk factors, 4.5 (95% CI 2.9-6.9), and with three or four risk factors, 9.7 (95% CI 6.3-14.8). CONCLUSIONS - Male sex, end-organ complications of eye, heart, and kidney, and poor glucose control were associated with a higher amputation rate. Peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, deformity, and a prior ulcer were similarly equally associated with an increased risk of lower extremity amputation. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,HLTH SERV RES,SEATTLE,WA. NIDDKD,PHOENIX EPIDEMIOL & CLIN RES BRANCH,PHOENIX,AZ. CLEVELAND CLIN FDN,CLEVELAND,OH 44195. RP Mayfield, JA (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,LONG HOSP,DEPT FAMILY PRACTICE,BOWEN RES CTR,1110 W MICHIGAN ST,ROOM 200,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202, USA. RI Nelson, Robert/B-1470-2012 FU AHRQ HHS [HS-07238] NR 28 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUL PY 1996 VL 19 IS 7 BP 704 EP 709 DI 10.2337/diacare.19.7.704 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UT646 UT WOS:A1996UT64600003 PM 8799623 ER PT J AU Moore, BG Singaram, C Eckhoff, DE Gaumnitz, EA Starling, JR AF Moore, BG Singaram, C Eckhoff, DE Gaumnitz, EA Starling, JR TI Immunohistochemical evaluations of ultrashort-segment Hirschsprung's disease - Report of three cases SO DISEASES OF THE COLON & RECTUM LA English DT Article DE ultrashort-segment; Hirschsprung's disease; nitric oxide; myectomy; constipation; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase histochemistry ID PEPTIDERGIC INNERVATION; ANORECTAL MYECTOMY; ESOPHAGUS; ADULTS AB PURPOSE: Unlike classic Hirschsprung's disease, short-segment and ultrashort-segment varieties are usually found to be latent and milder. Ultrashort-segment Hirschsprung's disease may present as intractable chronic constipation in children over one year of age, adolescents, and adults. Anorectal myectomy has been shown in many instances to provide effective long-term treatment for certain patients with ultrashort-segment Hirschsprung's disease. Histologically, the affected segment in Hirschsprung's disease has been shown to have increased cholinergic nerves, lack of nitric oxide synthase-containing neuronal elements, and show moderate to severe loss of myenteric neurons. METHODS: Here, we report three cases that showed clinical and manometric evidence of ultrashort-segment Hirschsprung's disease. Two of the three patients responded well to myectomy. RESULTS: Detailed histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation of the internal anal sphincter and a comparison with three normal controls revealed absence of nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons in both cases that responded well to surgery and continued presence of these neurons in the patient who did not respond. A review of the current literature on various treatment modalities is included, CONCLUSIONS: Anorectal myectomy provides long-term relief of this chronic problem in a subgroup of patients with ultrashort-segment Hirschsprung's disease who lack nitrinergic neurons at the internal anal sphincter. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL,CLIN SCI CTR H6516,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,DIV GASTROENTEROL,CLIN SCI CTR H6516,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SURG SERV,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,MED SERV,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,GERIATR SERV,MADISON,WI. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0012-3706 J9 DIS COLON RECTUM JI Dis. Colon Rectum PD JUL PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 817 EP 822 DI 10.1007/BF02054450 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA UX213 UT WOS:A1996UX21300017 PM 8674377 ER PT J AU Drinka, TJK AF Drinka, TJK TI Applying learning from self-directed work teams in business to curriculum development for interdisciplinary geriatric teams SO EDUCATIONAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 20th Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Gerontology-in-Higher-Education CY MAR 10-13, 1994 CL CLEVELAND, OH SP Assoc Gerontol Higher Educ AB Business settings, which increasingly promote the value of teamwork and self-directed work teams (SDWTs), offer a popular model for team development training. SDWTs are formal, permanent organizational structures or units empowered to manage themselves and the work they do. SDWTs in business settings have many of the same features as, face similar issues and problems to, and have worked out solutions to many issues that also apply to interdisciplinary health care teams (IHTs). The literature on SDWTs in business settings has addressed team involvement in choosing team leadership, training team leaders, running team meetings, selecting new team members, disciplining team members, peer review by the team, and team compensation. Materials from organizational literature have been used to promote SDWTs in health settings. However application of SDWT curriculum to IHTs has not been examined. This paper compares the curriculum used by SDWTs in business settings with its potential application to interdisciplinary teams in, geriatrics. It addresses areas where application, may be valuable and others that are potentially problematic. It offers suggestions for using SDWT concepts to train for practice on IHTs and suggests IHT concepts that could be applied to SDWT curriculum when used in geriatric health care settings. RP Drinka, TJK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR CLIN,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU HEMISPHERE PUBL CORP PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0360-1277 J9 EDUC GERONTOL JI Educ. Gerontol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 22 IS 5 BP 433 EP 450 DI 10.1080/0360127960220504 PG 18 WC Education & Educational Research; Gerontology SC Education & Educational Research; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA UY263 UT WOS:A1996UY26300004 ER PT J AU Treiman, DM AF Treiman, DM TI Neuron specific enolase and status epilepticus-induced neuronal injury SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Editorial Material ID CONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS; KAINIC ACID; BEHAVIORAL DEFICITS; SEIZURES; MORBIDITY; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; MODEL; EEG C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Treiman, DM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,REED NEUROL RES CTR,DEPT NEUROL,RM C-128,710 WESTWOOD PLAZA,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 7 BP 595 EP 597 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00621.x PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UY999 UT WOS:A1996UY99900001 PM 8681889 ER PT J AU Carmel, R Cairo, K Bondareff, W Gott, PS Cummings, JL Henderson, VW AF Carmel, R Cairo, K Bondareff, W Gott, PS Cummings, JL Henderson, VW TI Spouses of demented patients with low cobalamin levels: A new risk group for cobalamin deficiency SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cobalamin deficiency; homocysteine; methylmalonic acid; dementia; relatives ID LOW SERUM COBALAMIN; DEOXYURIDINE SUPPRESSION TEST; MEGALOBLASTIC-ANEMIA; METHYLMALONIC ACID; ALZHEIMER-TYPE; SUBTLE; VITAMIN-B12; ABNORMALITIES; MALABSORPTION; FOLATE AB Low serum cobalamin levels are common in conditions such as dementia and often represent mild deficiency. We surveyed serum cobalamin levels prospectively in spouses and blood relatives of demented patients to determine if any familial predisposition exists for the low levels. Cobalamin status in most of the relatives found to have low levels was assessed further by means of blood counts, metabolic tests, neurologic evaluation, absorption studies and response to cobalamin therapy. Serum cobalamin levels in 36 spouses correlated with those of the 36 demented patients related to them (r=0.46, p=0.004). A significant association was not seen in 34 blood relatives of 34 demented patients (r=0.27). Most importantly, 67% of the spouses of demented patients with low serum cobalamin had low values themselves, compared with only 3% of the spouses of patients with normal levels (p=0.001). Detailed study of 4 of the 5 spouses (and 3 blood relatives) with low cobalamin levels showed no anemia in any case. Nevertheless, 4 of the subjects had metabolic evidence of deficiency and one had electrophysiological abnormalities; all these defects improved with cobalamin therapy. These observations identify a hitherto unsuspected group of people at high risk for cobalamin deficiency and suggest that spouses of demented patients with low cobalamin levels should also have their cobalamin levels measured. The increased frequency of low serum cobalamin levels in spouses of demented patients with low levels represents in most cases a true, mild cobalamin deficiency that responds to treatment. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90093. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90093. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90093. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Carmel, R (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT MED,RMR 306,2025 ZONAL AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90093, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-43]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-05142]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-32640] NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0902-4441 J9 EUR J HAEMATOL JI Eur. J. Haematol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 57 IS 1 BP 62 EP 67 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA UZ413 UT WOS:A1996UZ41300009 PM 8698133 ER PT J AU Brand, JG Feigin, AM AF Brand, JG Feigin, AM TI Biochemistry of sweet taste transduction SO FOOD CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CANINE LINGUAL EPITHELIUM; RECEPTOR-CELLS; MECHANISMS; CONDUCTANCE; ACTIVATION; OLFACTION; MEMBRANES; SYSTEM AB Recent biochemical and biophysical studies point to mechanistic hypotheses for sweet taste transduction involving either second messengers or stimulus-gated ion channels. Biochemical studies have shown that sweet tasting stimuli enhance the production of the second messenger, cyclic AMP, in a GTP-dependent manner in taste tissue homogenates. The cyclic AMP thus produced apparently stimulates a protein kinase A which may phosphorylate ion channels, leading ultimately to depolarization, an increase in intracellular calcium ion activity, and release of neurotransmitter. Recent studies show that some sweeteners also induce the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). Other sweet transduction processes not associated with second messenger production may exist. For example, evidence for a stimulus-gated type ion channel for sweet taste can be inferred from ion transport studies on lingual epithelia and from psychophysics. A recent study demonstrated that certain amphiphilic sweeteners are capable of directly stimulating purified G proteins in an in vitro assay. Perhaps these and other amphiphilic intense sweeteners cross the plasma membrane and directly stimulate the G protein, inducing production of second messenger and bypassing the receptor. A number of sweeteners are capable of forming ion channels or of simply perturbing the membrane, actions which could operate during stimulation of the sweet receptor cell. This type of action could explain the relatively longer response times and lingering taste intensity associated with many amphiphilic sweeteners. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV PENN, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA USA. RP Brand, JG (reprint author), MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR, 3500 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 58 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0308-8146 J9 FOOD CHEM JI Food Chem. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 56 IS 3 BP 199 EP 207 DI 10.1016/0308-8146(96)00015-5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Applied; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA UW019 UT WOS:A1996UW01900002 ER PT J AU Whyte, MP Leelawattana, R Reddy, SV Roodman, GD AF Whyte, MP Leelawattana, R Reddy, SV Roodman, GD TI Absence of paramyxo virus transcripts in juvenile Paget bone disease SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. RP Whyte, MP (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV, BARNES JEWISH HOSP, DIV BONE & MINERAL DIS, SCH MED, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA. NR 3 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 11 IS 7 BP 1041 EP 1041 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UT138 UT WOS:A1996UT13800023 PM 8797127 ER PT J AU Ohta, K Pang, XP Berg, L Hershman, JM AF Ohta, K Pang, XP Berg, L Hershman, JM TI Antitumor actions of cytokines on new human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PROGNOSTIC FACTORS; FACTOR-ALPHA; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MESSENGER-RNA; CANCER; GROWTH; THYROTROPIN; ACTIVATION; SURVIVAL AB To investigate the in vitro effects of cytokines on the growth of human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cells, we established six new PTC cell lines, designated BHP 5, 14, 15, 17, 18, and 19, from different patients. We studied the antiproliferative actions of cytokines by using BHP cells, NP cells (PTC cell. line), and ARO cells (anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cell line). These cells were treated with various concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN gamma), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF beta 1), alone and in combination. Cell proliferation was assessed by [H-3]thymidine incorporation and cell number measurement. In BHP cell lines, IFN gamma, IL-1 beta, and TGF beta 1 inhibited [H-3]thymidine incorporation and decreased cell number, but TNF alpha stimulated [H-3]thymidine incorporation. In NP cells, treatment with each cytokine decreased [H-3]thymidine incorporation and cell number. In contrast, the proliferation of ARO cells was either stimulated by or resistant to TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, and TGF beta 1. The effects of these cytokines on [H-3]thymidine incorporation were additive in these cell lines. The results suggest that IL-1 beta and TGF beta 1 play a pivotal role in growth inhibition of PTC cells, and the escape from negative control of IL-1 beta and TGF beta 1 may be a step toward anaplastic changes. The additive effects of these cytokines suggest that they act through different pathways. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, ENDOCRINE RES LAB, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-61863] NR 26 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 81 IS 7 BP 2607 EP 2612 DI 10.1210/jc.81.7.2607 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UW842 UT WOS:A1996UW84200034 PM 8675585 ER PT J AU Silva, JA Harry, BE Leong, GB Weinstock, R AF Silva, JA Harry, BE Leong, GB Weinstock, R TI Dangerous delusional misidentification and homicide SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; aggression; violence; intermetamorphosis syndrome; delusions; delusional misidentification syndromes; homicide; psychiatry; forensic psychiatry ID CAPGRAS-SYNDROME AB A case involving a delusional misidentification syndrome associated with homicide is presented. The anglophonic literature concerning delusional misidentification and homicide is reviewed. Delusional misidentification may be a risk factor for potential violence toward others, including homicide of a delusionally misidentified person. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. HARRY S TRUMAN MEM VET HOSP,COLUMBIA,MO 65201. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV MISSOURI,SCH MED,COLUMBIA,MO. RP Silva, JA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 41 IS 4 BP 641 EP 644 PG 4 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA UW195 UT WOS:A1996UW19500024 PM 8754574 ER PT J AU Perryman, KM Fitten, LJ AF Perryman, KM Fitten, LJ TI Effects of normal aging on the performance of motor-vehicle operational skills SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OLDER DRIVERS; HUMAN-BRAIN; AGE; ATTENTION; VISION; LOCALIZATION; VISIBILITY; PERCEPTION; FIELD AB Operational skills involved in controlling a motor vehicle were measured in two groups of very healthy elderly drivers and a young control group to test the hypothesis that there are age-related declines in operational performance that may influence driver safety. An actual behind-the-wheel, standardized road test was employed using a motor vehicle equipped with sensors to record speed, braking activity, and lane position, as well as direction and magnitude ef front-wheel and eye-movement excursions. The data from these sensors were used as dependent measures of operational performance. Older drivers made fewer steering and eye-movement excursions and drifted across the center line more frequently than the young control group. Younger drivers drove significantly faster and executed more braking applications than did their older counterparts. The motor-vehicle operational performance of older healthy drivers was related to visual-spatial attentional declines and the useful field of vision associated with the normal aging process. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. VET ADM MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 3 BP 136 EP 141 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VD974 UT WOS:A1996VD97400006 PM 8873878 ER PT J AU Reue, K Doolittle, MH AF Reue, K Doolittle, MH TI Naturally occurring mutations in mice affecting lipid transport and metabolism SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE mouse mutations; lipoprotein lipase deficiency; lipase maturation; fatty liver; neuropathy ID COMBINED LIPASE DEFICIENCY; POLYCYSTIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; NIEMANN-PICK DISEASE; JUVENILE VISCERAL STEATOSIS; DYSTROPHY FLD MUTATION; SYSTEMIC CARNITINE DEFICIENCY; PROTEIN DISULFIDE ISOMERASE; CULTURED BROWN ADIPOCYTES; HUMAN LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; N-LINKED GLYCOSYLATION AB Naturally occurring mutations in the mouse provide a unique resource for identifying genes and characterizing proteins involved in lipid metabolism. Spontaneous mouse mutations have been described that affect various aspects of lipid metabolism, including cellular cholesterol homeostasis, fatty acid metabolism, serum lipoprotein levels, serum and tissue lipase activities, and lipid composition of tissues such as liver, nerve, kidney, and adrenal gland. Here we briefly describe the phenotypes and genetics of several mutants with blood and tissue lipid abnormalities, and then provide a more in-depth discussion of two mutations, fatty liver dystrophy (fld) and combined lipase deficiency (cld). Mice homozygous for the fld mutation exhibit fatty liver and hypertriglyceridemia during neonatal development, and a peripheral neuropathy that progresses throughout the lifetime of the animal. Combined lipase deficiency is characterized by a nearly complete absence of lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase activity resulting in neonatal lethality. Although the underlying genes for these two disorders have yet to be identified, candidates that have been implicated through the molecular and biochemical characterization of the mutants are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Reue, K (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIPID RES LAB,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28482] NR 120 TC 40 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 37 IS 7 BP 1387 EP 1405 PG 19 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UZ048 UT WOS:A1996UZ04800001 PM 8827513 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI Snider, EC Cacciola, JS Brown, LS Zaballero, A Siddiqui, N AF Alterman, AI Snider, EC Cacciola, JS Brown, LS Zaballero, A Siddiqui, N TI Evidence for response set effects in structured research interviews SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY; DISORDERS; SCHEDULE AB The Addiction Severity Index and NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule data of 20 methadone-maintained subjects with ''fake bad'' invalid profiles on the Personality Assessment Inventory, 15 methadone-maintained subjects with ''fake good'' invalid profiles, and 158 methadone-maintained subjects with valid profiles were compared. The findings revealed a number of significant group differences on both measures with the highest scores for the fake bad subjects and lowest scores for the fake good subjects. These findings suggest that the response sets exhibited in response to the Personality Assessment Inventory questionnaire extended to performance during the two semistructured interviews. There was no indication that interviewers were aware of misrepresentation. The limitations of the findings and alternative interpretations of the data are considered. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. ADDICT RES & TREATMENT CORP,BROOKLYN,NY. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186, DA-05858, DA060142] NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 184 IS 7 BP 403 EP 410 DI 10.1097/00005053-199607000-00002 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UY953 UT WOS:A1996UY95300002 PM 8691192 ER PT J AU Wenzel, SL Bakhtiar, L Caskey, NH Hardie, E Redford, C Sadler, N Gelberg, L AF Wenzel, SL Bakhtiar, L Caskey, NH Hardie, E Redford, C Sadler, N Gelberg, L TI Dually diagnosed homeless veterans in residential treatment: Service needs and service use SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE ABUSE; MENTALLY-ILL C1 RAND CORP,SANTA MONICA,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Wenzel, SL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DIV FAMILY MED,50-071 CHS,BOX 951683,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 184 IS 7 BP 441 EP 444 DI 10.1097/00005053-199607000-00010 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UY953 UT WOS:A1996UY95300010 PM 8691200 ER PT J AU Tom, T Abedon, S Clark, RI Wong, W AF Tom, T Abedon, S Clark, RI Wong, W TI Neuroimaging characteristics in carbon monoxide toxicity SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article ID INTOXICATION; BRAIN; ENCEPHALOPATHY; FEATURES AB Neuroimaging studies for 18 patients carrying carbon monoxide toxicity as a discharge diagnosis were reviewed. The most common positive findings were low-density lesions in the globus pallidus (7/18, 39%) and deep white matter changes (5/18, 28%). Six computed tomography head scans showed no acute changes. Advanced age, method of exposure (intentional vs accidental), and severity of carboxyhemoglobin level did not predict neuroradiological or clinical outcomes. Early neuroimaging could not be used to predict clinical courses (death or coma vs discharge to either an institution or a home) in the patient population studied. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAB UNIT 691116AF,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,MED CTR,DEPT TOXICOL,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. NR 12 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 1051-2284 J9 J NEUROIMAGING JI J. Neuroimaging PD JUL PY 1996 VL 6 IS 3 BP 161 EP 166 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UY937 UT WOS:A1996UY93700005 PM 8704291 ER PT J AU Baskaya, MK Hu, YG Donaldson, D Maley, M Rao, AM Prasad, MR Dempsey, RJ AF Baskaya, MK Hu, YG Donaldson, D Maley, M Rao, AM Prasad, MR Dempsey, RJ TI Protective effect of the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor AA-861 on cerebral edema after transient ischemia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY LA English DT Article DE cerebral blood flow; edema; ischemia; leukotriene; lipoxygenase; reperfusion; gerbil ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID METABOLISM; BRAIN-BARRIER PERMEABILITY; FREE FATTY-ACIDS; LEUKOTRIENE-C4; REPERFUSION; RATS; CYCLOOXYGENASE; PROSTAGLANDIN; LIBERATION; MEDIATORS AB This study examined the effect of AA-861, a specific 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, on brain levels of leukotriene C-4 (LTC(4)) and correlated any changes with changes in edema formation and cerebral blood flow (CBF) after transient ischemia In gerbils. Brain levels of LTC(4) were observed to be increased at 1, 2, and 6 hours of reperfusion following 20 minutes of occlusion. At 2 hours of reperfusion, a pretreatment dose of 1000 mg/kg of AA-861 was required to inhibit more than 90% of the reperfusion-induced increases in brain LTC(4). At this dose, inhibition of LTC(4) production was observed at 2 and 6 hours of reperfusion. The specific gravity of both the cortex and subcortex was decreased at 6 hours of reperfusion after 20 minutes of occlusion. At 2 hours of reperfusion, no significant difference was observed in the specific gravity of the cortex and subcortex regions of gerbils pretreated with AA-861 or with vehicle, but at 6 hours of reperfusion significant positive differences were observed. Cerebral blood flow decreased to approximately 10% of preocclusion values during occlusion and returned to near-preocclusion values after 10 minutes of reperfusion. No significant differences were observed in regional CBF in the AA-861- and vehicle-pretreated gerbils during reperfusion. These findings indicate that LTC(4) production after transient cerebral ischemia may be an important contributor to the development of cerebral edema and that CBF does not mediate the LTC(4)-involved development of edema. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NEUROL SURG,CTR CLIN SCI,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. UNIV KENTUCKY,ALBERT B CHANDLER MED CTR,DEPT SURG,DIV NEUROSURG,LEXINGTON,KY 40536. NR 33 TC 50 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC NEUROLOGICAL SURGEONS PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA UNIV VIRGINIA, 1224 WEST MAIN ST, STE 450, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0022-3085 J9 J NEUROSURG JI J. Neurosurg. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 85 IS 1 BP 112 EP 116 DI 10.3171/jns.1996.85.1.0112 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Surgery GA UT668 UT WOS:A1996UT66800016 PM 8683259 ER PT J AU Kern, RS Wallace, CJ Hellman, SG Womack, LM Green, MF AF Kern, RS Wallace, CJ Hellman, SG Womack, LM Green, MF TI A training procedure for remediating WCST deficits in chronic psychotic patients: An adaptation of errorless learning principles SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CARD SORTING TEST; SCHIZOPHRENIA; PERFORMANCE AB Although a number of studies have demonstrated that psychiatric patients' performance deficits on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) can be modified through intervention, relatively little evidence exists to support the long-term durability of training effects. The present study tested the effectiveness and durability of a training procedure based on errorless learning principles, and in addition sought to determine the effect of previously committed errors on training and posttraining performance. Twenty-three chronic psychotic inpatients were randomly assigned to an Initial Error (n = 11) or No Initial Error (n = 12) group. The Initial Error group received two standard administrations of the WCST prior to training (where they were expected to commit many errors); the No Initial Error group had no prior exposure to the WCST. All subjects received training on the WCST which was followed by immediate, 1-, 2-, and 4-week post-tests. Results supported the effectiveness of training and the durability of effects, but previous error history showed no clear relationship to post-training performance. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 19 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3956 J9 J PSYCHIAT RES JI J. Psychiatr. Res. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 30 IS 4 BP 283 EP 294 DI 10.1016/0022-3956(96)00028-3 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VP257 UT WOS:A1996VP25700005 PM 8905537 ER PT J AU VanLinthoudt, D Schumacher, HR Algeo, S Freundlich, B Schotland, DL Wood, MG AF VanLinthoudt, D Schumacher, HR Algeo, S Freundlich, B Schotland, DL Wood, MG TI Scleromyxedema with myopathy and hyperthyroidism SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE scleromyxedema; myopathy; mucinar papulosis; lichen myxedematosus; hyperthyroidism ID LICHEN MYXEDEMATOSUS; FIBROBLASTS AB We describe a 62-year-old woman who developed extensive papular skin eruption with dysphagia and proximal muscle weakness, Laboratory studies showed a progressive increase of muscle enzymes, lambda monoclonal gammopathy, and elevated serum thyroid hormones. Several skin and muscle biopsies were necessary, to reach the correct diagnosis of scleromyxedema in association with hyperthyroidism. Muscle biopsies contained rimmed vacuoles with some necrosis and regeneration, but no increased mucopolysaccharides, Hyperthyroidism was treated without appreciable improvement of the skin and muscle legions. Myopathy is an increasingly recognized feature of scleromyxedema; its pathogenesis is still unexplained. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ARTHRITIS IMMUNOL CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT DERMATOL LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1299 EP 1301 PG 3 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UV681 UT WOS:A1996UV68100035 PM 8823713 ER PT J AU Frame, LH Rhee, EK Bernstein, RC Fei, HL AF Frame, LH Rhee, EK Bernstein, RC Fei, HL TI Reversal of reentry and acceleration due to double-wave reentry: Two mechanisms for failure to terminate tachycardias by rapid pacing SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECURRENT VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA; CYCLE LENGTH; CIRCUS MOVEMENT; ATRIAL-FLUTTER; MODEL; INTERRUPTION; ENTRAINMENT; PATHWAY; HEART; REFRACTORINESS AB Objectives. We sought to demonstrate mechanisms by which rapid pacing can cause conduction block without terminating reentry. Background. Rapid pacing can fail to terminate or can accelerate tachycardias in patients. Mechanisms for these responses are poorly understood. Methods. We studied reentry in the canine atrial tricuspid ring and a left ventricular ring in vitro in 12 preparations. Activations were recorded from 10 sites around the ring, and monophasic action potentials were recorded from critical sites of block. Rapid pacing at cycle lengths that intermittently caused conduction block was performed at multiple sites. Results. Action potential alternans contributed to block of an orthodromic impulse during rapid pacing. When pacing continued for two stimuli after orthodromic block, a second episode of block could reverse the direction of tachycardia. Continued pacing at this site was likely to produce block of an antidromic impulse, which may initiate double-wave reentry. Double-wave reentry could be sustained or nonsustained. Its cycle length was 56% to 77% of the single-wave cycle length. The ratio of double-wave cycle length to single-wave cycle length was inversely correlated with the relative excitable gap (p < 0.01). Double-wave reentry can be a mechanism for persistent cycle length alternation during tachycardia. Conclusions. Successful termination of reentry by rapid pacing required block of an orthodromic impulse and stopping pacing within one stimulus after orthodromic block Reversal of reentry makes the circuit resistant to termination from this site of pacing, Antidromic block can cause acceleration due to double-wave reentry when there is a substantial excitable gap. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOVASC,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Frame, LH (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT 111C,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 38386] NR 29 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 28 IS 1 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0735-1097(96)00096-4 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UU650 UT WOS:A1996UU65000021 PM 8752806 ER PT J AU Budisavljevic, MN Cheek, D Ploth, DW AF Budisavljevic, MN Cheek, D Ploth, DW TI Calciphylaxis in chronic renal failure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VASCULAR CALCIFICATION; SKIN NECROSIS; TISSUE NECROSIS; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; PATIENT AB Calciphylaxis is a rare and life-threatening complication that is estimated to occur in 1% of patients with ESRD each year. Typically, extensive microvascular calcification and occlusion/thrombosis leads to violaceous skin lesions, which progress to nonhealing ulcers and sepsis. Secondary infection of skin lesions is common, often leading to sepsis and death, The lower extremities are predominantly involved (roughly 90% of patients). Patients with skin involvement over She trunk or proximal extremities have a poorer prognosis. Although most calciphylaxis patients have abnormalities of the calcium:phosphate axis or elevated levels of parathyroid hormone, these abnormalities do not appear io be fundamental to the pathophysiology of the disorder, and the etiology of calciphylaxis remains unclear, Recently, functional protein C deficiency has been hypothesized to cause a hypercoagulable state that could induce thrombosis in small vessels, with resulting skin ischemia, necrosis, and gangrene. The lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease results in treatments that are equally unsatisfactory, Patients who undergo parathyroidectomy have a tendency to improve, but the prognosis for the disease is poor and mortality remains high. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV NEPHROL,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 18 TC 159 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 7 BP 978 EP 982 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UY441 UT WOS:A1996UY44100002 PM 8829111 ER PT J AU Barnes, JL Woodruff, KA Levine, SP Abboud, HE AF Barnes, JL Woodruff, KA Levine, SP Abboud, HE TI Inhibition of mesangial cell proliferation by platelet factor 4 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE mesangial cells; platelet factor 4; proliferation; platelet-derived growth factor ID HUMAN MEGAKARYOCYTOPOIESIS INVITRO; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR; FACTOR-IV; GLOMERULAR LOCALIZATION; BETA-THROMBOGLOBULIN; BINDING; PROTEINS; EXPRESSION; MIGRATION AB Platelet factor 4 (PF4), an abundant platelet secretory product, is a strong candidate for modulating glomerular pathology, Because PF4 might be released from platelets and influence intrinsic cell growth during glomerular injury, the effect of PF4 on fetal calf serum- and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced mesangial cell mitogenesis was examined, Mitogenesis was measured as the amount of H-3-thymidine incorporated into acid-precipitable material as well as by autoradiography, The effect of PF4 on mesangial cell expression of mRNA for PDGF A chain and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta(1)) was also examined, Fetal calf serum (10%)- and PDGF (10 ng/mL)-stimulated increases in mesangial cell H-3-thymidine incorporation were inhibited by incremental concentrations of PF4 (1 to 25 mu g/mL) showing a maximum reduction of approximately 80% at 25 mu g/mL of PF4, PF4 was effective when added 24 h before and 1, 4, and 8 h, but not 16 h after the addition of PDGF, indicating that inhibition occurred at delayed events in cell-cycle regulation. PF4 inhibited PDGF-induced increments in mRNA encoding PDGF A chain and TGF-beta(1). Also, PF4 did not interfere with PDGF receptor binding. The results of this study show that PF4 is a negative regulator of mesangial cell proliferation and suggest an interference in cell growth by pathways associated with modulation of the autocrine growth factors PDGF and TGF-beta(1). C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. MONTEFIORE MED CTR,ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL,BRONX,NY 10467. RP Barnes, JL (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 43988, DK 38758] NR 48 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 7 BP 991 EP 998 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UY441 UT WOS:A1996UY44100004 PM 8829113 ER PT J AU Sparr, LF AF Sparr, LF TI Mental defenses and posttraumatic stress disorder: Assessment of criminal intent SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE posttraumatic stress disorder; criminal defense; forensic assessment; mens rea ID TRAUMA SYNDROME EVIDENCE; INSANITY DEFENSE; EXPERT WITNESS; PSYCHIATRY; COURT; SCALE; MMPI AB Since its formal introduction into psychiatric nomenclature more than a decade ago, the diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has become firmly entrenched in the legal landscape. In part, this is because PTSD seems easy to understand. It is one of only a few mental disorders for which the psychiatric Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) describes a known cause. Since the diagnosis is usually based on patients' self-report, however, it creates the possibility of distortion aimed at avoidance of criminal punishment, and, as a result, has achieved mired success as a criminal defense. When providing expert testimony mental health witnesses must take care to distinguish between mere PTSD and a causal connection between PTSD and the criminal act in question. PTSD has not only been used to abrogate or diminish responsibility, but also to arrange pre-trial plea bargaining agreements or play a role in sentencing determinations The author explores various uses and potential abuses of PTSD in criminal jurisprudence and offers suggestions regarding retrospective PTSD assessment. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,SCH MED,PORTLAND,OR 97207. RP Sparr, LF (reprint author), PORTLAND VA MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. NR 72 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 3 BP 405 EP 425 DI 10.1007/BF02103655 PG 21 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA UW921 UT WOS:A1996UW92100001 PM 8827646 ER PT J AU Frueh, BC Smith, DW Barker, SE AF Frueh, BC Smith, DW Barker, SE TI Compensation seeking status and psychometric assessment of combat veterans seeking treatment for PTSD SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE PTSD; compensation seeking ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VIETNAM VETERANS; VALIDITY; SYMPTOMS; SCALE; RELIABILITY AB Examined differences between compensation seeking (CS) veterans and noncompensation seeking (NCS) veterans on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and other psychological measures in 142 combat veterans evaluated for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at an outpatient Veterans Affairs (VA) hospital PTSD clinic. Patients were grouped on the basis of their compensation seeking status, with 69% classified as CS for PTSD. The CS veterans achieved significantly more pathological scores across a wide range of psychological inventories and MMPI-2 validity indices, although they did not differ in frequency of PTSD diagnoses from NCS veterans. Implications of these findings are discussed, and clinicians are advised to be aware of the compensation seeking status of combat-veterans being evaluated for PTSD. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. UNIV ARKANSAS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. RP Frueh, BC (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 39 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 3 BP 427 EP 439 DI 10.1007/BF02103656 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA UW921 UT WOS:A1996UW92100002 PM 8827647 ER PT J AU Little, SE AF Little, SE TI Handbook of post-traumatic therapy - Williams,MB, Sommer,JF SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Book Review RP Little, SE (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET OUTREACH & RESOURCE CTR,SPRINGFIELD,VA, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD JUL PY 1996 VL 9 IS 3 BP 661 EP 662 DI 10.1002/jts.2490090324 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA UW921 UT WOS:A1996UW92100023 ER PT J AU Cohen, RD Welch, C Xia, YR Lusis, AJ Reue, K AF Cohen, RD Welch, C Xia, YR Lusis, AJ Reue, K TI Localization of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (Ppard) on Chromosome 17 near colipase (Clps) SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACIDS C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIPID RES LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST MOL BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD JUL PY 1996 VL 7 IS 7 BP 557 EP 558 DI 10.1007/s003359900167 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UZ385 UT WOS:A1996UZ38500023 PM 8672143 ER PT J AU Yagnik, PM Chong, PST AF Yagnik, PM Chong, PST TI Spinal accessory nerve injury: A complication of carotid endarterectomy SO MUSCLE & NERVE LA English DT Article DE spinal accessory nerve; carotid endarterectomy ID STENOSIS RP Yagnik, PM (reprint author), MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,PHILADELPHIA VA MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0148-639X J9 MUSCLE NERVE JI Muscle Nerve PD JUL PY 1996 VL 19 IS 7 BP 907 EP 909 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4598(199607)19:7<907::AID-MUS16>3.0.CO;2-F PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UQ394 UT WOS:A1996UQ39400017 PM 8965848 ER PT J AU Wright, MT Cummings, JL AF Wright, MT Cummings, JL TI Neuropsychiatric disturbances Alzheimer's disease and other dementias: Recognition and management SO NEUROLOGIST LA English DT Article DE dementia; neuropsychiatric disturbances; differential diagnosis; psychotherapy; pharmacotherapy ID PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS; SENILE DEMENTIA; L-DEPRENYL; NEUROLEPTIC TREATMENT; ELDERLY MEN; PSYCHOSIS; DELUSIONS; DEPRESSION; AGITATION AB BACKGROUND- Dementia is a syndrome with many possible causes. It is most commonly seen in the elderly but can also occur in younger people. Conditions that cause dementia produce memory and other cognitive difficulties as well as a variety of neuropsychiatric disturbances. The neuropsychiatric problems associated with dementias diminish the quality of life for both patients and their caregivers and contribute to the decision to institutionalize patients. REVIEW SUMMARY- Psychomotor activity disturbances, agitation, aggression, personality alterations, anxiety, depression, psychosis, eating disturbances, alterations in libido and sexual activity, and sleep changes are commonly noted in demented patients. Neuropsychiatric disturbances in demented patients can stem directly from illnesses causing dementia or they can be secondary to other factors (e.g., primary psychiatric illnesses, medical illnesses, medication side effects, environmental factors). Nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments can ameliorate many of the neuropsychiatric problems associated with dementias. CONCLUSIONS- Many of the neuropsychiatric concomitants of dementia can be ameliorated if they are accurately characterized and appropriate treatments are applied. Environmental manipulations, psychotherapeutic interventions, and psychotropic medications can decrease patient and caregiver distress and may delay institutionalization of patients. A better understanding of the neuropsychiatric symptoms associated with dementias may lead to new insights into similar symptoms that accompany other neurobiological processes. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 11 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1074-7931 J9 NEUROLOGIST JI Neurologist PD JUL PY 1996 VL 2 IS 4 BP 207 EP 218 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VZ502 UT WOS:A1996VZ50200003 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Cherrier, MM Perryman, KM AF Mendez, MF Cherrier, MM Perryman, KM TI Epileptic forced thinking from left frontal lesions SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; PARTIAL SEIZURES AB Forced thinking is an incompletely understood and rarely described epileptic aura. We studied three patients with forced thinking from left frontal lesions, two neoplastic and one vascular. All thr ee experienced repetitive, intrusive thoughts at the onset of seizures. Their forced thinking was associated with the desire to vocalize, orobuccal movements, and speech arrest. The episodes occurred with other ictal manifestations and responded to antiseizure therapy. These patients suggest that epileptic forced thinking is a heterogeneous phenomenon; forced thinking from left frontal lesions is a manifestation of expressive language and is distinct from experiential thoughts arising from temporal limbic foci. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV UNIT 691 116AF,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUL PY 1996 VL 47 IS 1 BP 79 EP 83 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UX188 UT WOS:A1996UX18800015 PM 8710129 ER PT J AU Mueser, KT Glynn, SM Corrigan, PW Baber, W AF Mueser, KT Glynn, SM Corrigan, PW Baber, W TI A survey of preferred terms for users of mental health services SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article AB To determine how users of mental health services would like to be addressed by professionals, a survey of 302 persons participating in a variety of inpatient and outpatient psychiatric programs was conducted. Forty-five percent of the sample preferred the term ''client,'' 20 percent preferred the term ''patient,'' 8 percent preferred the term ''consumer,'' and 27 percent either expressed no clear preference for one term or provided another term. The results suggest that no one term is favored by users of mental health services. Professionals and persons receiving mental health services are encouraged to talk over individual preferences to help establish a working alliance. C1 DARTMOUTH COLL SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,HANOVER,NH. DARTMOUTH COLL SCH MED,DEPT COMMUNITY & FAMILY MED,HANOVER,NH. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CTR PSYCHOSOCIAL REHABIL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHICAGO,IL 60637. NR 3 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD JUL PY 1996 VL 47 IS 7 BP 760 EP 761 PG 2 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA UV458 UT WOS:A1996UV45800016 PM 8807693 ER PT J AU Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M AF Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M TI Parathyroid gland function in the hemodialysis patient SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; HORMONE SECRETION; SET-POINT; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; NORMAL HUMANS; CALCIUM; RELEASE; TISSUE; OSTEODYSTROPHY AB The focus of this review is to provide a perspective on the applications and advantages of dynamic testing of parathyroid gland function in the dialysis patient. This review will: 1) consider the clinical utility of dynamic testing of the parathyroid gland and how the application of the information obtained with this testing can provide a better understanding of the physiology of parathyroid gland secretion in uremia; and 2) attempt to reconcile some of the different methodologies which have been used to evaluate the set point of calcium and the slope of the PTH-calcium curve. It will offer our interpretation of the meaning of the set point of calcium, a term which, in our opinion, has generated considerable confusion with respect to dynamic testing of the parathyroid gland. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEPHROL SECT W111L,DEPT MED,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 303 EP 309 DI 10.1111/j.1525-139X.1996.tb00683.x PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VA663 UT WOS:A1996VA66300003 ER PT J AU Coburn, JW Frazao, J AF Coburn, JW Frazao, J TI Calcitriol in the management of renal osteodystrophy SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Article ID SEVERE SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; DOSE INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; CHRONIC UREMIC PATIENTS; PULSE ORAL CALCITRIOL; LOW CALCIUM DIALYSATE; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; BONE-DISEASE RP Coburn, JW (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEPHROL SECT W111L,WADSWORTH DIV,MED SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Frazao, Joao/J-9811-2013 OI Frazao, Joao/0000-0002-8081-5474 NR 77 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JUL-AUG PY 1996 VL 9 IS 4 BP 316 EP 326 DI 10.1111/j.1525-139X.1996.tb00687.x PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA VA663 UT WOS:A1996VA66300005 ER PT J AU Hirayama, F Ogawa, M AF Hirayama, F Ogawa, M TI Cytokine regulation of early lymphohematopoietic development SO STEM CELLS LA English DT Review DE lymphohematopoietic progenitors; early lymphopoiesis; cytokine regulation ID MULTIPOTENTIAL HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; T-CELL DEVELOPMENT; PRECURSOR CELLS; B-LYMPHOPOIESIS; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; NEGATIVE REGULATION; POSITIVE SELECTION; FETAL LIVER; BONE-MARROW AB A two-step methylcellulose culture provided a method to study the differentiation of murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors, In the presence of two cytokines, one from a group consisting of Steel factor (SF) and flt3/flk2 ligand (FL) and the other from a group consisting of interleukin 6 (IL-6), G-CSF, IL-11 and IL-12, murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors proliferated and generated not only myeloid lineage cells but also committed B cell progenitors, Although somewhat less effectively than SF and FL, IL-4 also synergized with IL-6 or IL-11 in support of B lymphopoiesis, This early process of B lymphopoiesis appears to proceed through three stages: lymphohematopoietic proliferative stage, commitment stage and early B lymphoid proliferative stage, Surprisingly, IL-3 could neither replace nor act synergistically with SF, IL-4 or FL in maintaining the B lymphoid potential of the cells in the primary culture, although IL-3 was very effective in support of multilineage myeloid colony formation, In addition, when added to permissive cytokine combinations, IL-3 inhibited development of the B cell lineage. After screening available lymphohematopoietic cytokines, it was found that IL-1 (both alpha and beta) also has similar inhibitory effects on early B lymphopoiesis. Studies using in vivo transfer of primary colonies suggested that cytokine regulation of commitment to T cell lineage may also be similar to that of B cell lineage. C1 VET ADM MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 32294, DK 48714] NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALPHAMED PRESS PI DAYTON PA 4100 S KETTERING BLVD, DAYTON, OH 45439-2092 SN 1066-5099 J9 STEM CELLS JI Stem Cells PD JUL PY 1996 VL 14 IS 4 BP 369 EP 375 PG 7 WC Cell & Tissue Engineering; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Hematology SC Cell Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Hematology GA UZ877 UT WOS:A1996UZ87700001 PM 8843538 ER PT J AU Goodfriend, TL Elliott, ME Catt, KJ AF Goodfriend, TL Elliott, ME Catt, KJ TI Drug therapy - Angiotensin receptors and their antagonists SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; II RECEPTOR; GLOMERULOSA CELLS; NORMAL VOLUNTEERS; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; CALCIUM SIGNAL; HYPERTROPHY; INHIBITION; RESPONSES; HYPERPLASIA C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,MADISON,WI 53706. NICHHD,ENDOCRINOL & REPROD RES BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. RP Goodfriend, TL (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 82 TC 421 Z9 451 U1 0 U2 7 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 25 BP 1649 EP 1654 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UQ706 UT WOS:A1996UQ70600007 PM 8628362 ER PT J AU OBrien, WA Hartigan, P Hamilton, JD AF OBrien, WA Hartigan, P Hamilton, JD TI Viral load and response to treatment of HIV - Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 VET AFFAIRS COOPERAT STUDIES PROGRAM COORDINATING,W HAVEN,CT 06516. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DURHAM,NC 27705. RP OBrien, WA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 20 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 25 BP 1672 EP 1673 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UQ706 UT WOS:A1996UQ70600022 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Melby, PC Troyer, DA Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Melby, PC Troyer, DA Freeman, GL TI Induction of proinflammatory cytokine expression in experimental acute chagasic cardiomyopathy SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; DYSFUNCTION; INFECTION; ENDOTOXIN AB One of the hallmarks of Chagas' disease (caused by Trypanosoma cruzi) is progressive cardiomyopathy. The disease is associated with increased serum TNF-alpha levels, and TNF-alpha is known to depress cardiac function. It is, however, not known whether the cytokines are produced within the infected myocardium. One-month-old male Lewis rats were injected with cell culture-derived T. cruzi trypomastigotes and killed 15 days post-infection. As compared to normal animals, histologic analysis of infected animals revealed dense infection with amastigotes within myocytes and a minimal inflammatory infiltrate in the myocardium. Northern blot analysis of total RNA revealed no signal for IL-1 beta or TNF-alpha, and a weak signal for IL-6 in the control rat hearts, and high levels of expression for the three genes in the infected rats. Western blots revealed results similar to that of mRNA levels, suggesting that, in addition to mechanical damage, infection by T. cruzi induces proinflammatory cytokine production in the myocardium itself, which may further exacerbate the pathology, and affect adversely myocardial function. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 19 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUN 14 PY 1996 VL 223 IS 2 BP 365 EP 371 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1996.0900 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA UR696 UT WOS:A1996UR69600029 PM 8670288 ER PT J AU Soloway, S Weissgold, D AF Soloway, S Weissgold, D TI Hypopyon SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 6 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 23 BP 1512 EP 1512 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UN799 UT WOS:A1996UN79900005 PM 8618606 ER PT J AU Thomas, H AF Thomas, H TI Another nail in the coffin SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE circadian rhythm; biorhythm; occupational exposure; occupational injury; clinical shift duration; graduate medical education ID NEEDLESTICK INJURIES C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,EMERGENCY CARE UNIT,PORTLAND,OR. RP Thomas, H (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT EMERGENCY MED,UHN-52,3181 SW SAM JACKSON PK RD,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 3 IS 6 BP 566 EP 567 DI 10.1111/j.1553-2712.1996.tb03465.x PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA UL916 UT WOS:A1996UL91600003 PM 8727626 ER PT J AU Montalbano, JM Lee, FT Grist, TM Rappe, AH Weiss, JW Kelcz, F Gribenko, V AF Montalbano, JM Lee, FT Grist, TM Rappe, AH Weiss, JW Kelcz, F Gribenko, V TI Magnetic resonance imaging detection of extraluminal enterally administered gadopentetate dimeglumine in a rat model of intestinal ischemia SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE intestinal ischemia; gadopentetate dimeglumine; magnetic resonance imaging ID MESENTERIC ISCHEMIA AB Rationale and Objectives. We assessed whether intestinal ischemia would result in transudation of orally administered gadopentetate dimeglumine into the peritoneal cavity. Methods. Twenty-eight rats were anesthetized and midline laparotomy was performed. Animals were divided into four groups: control, ligation of a single mesenteric arcade, ligation of six consecutive arcades, and ligation of the anterior mesenteric artery (analogous to the superior mesenteric artery in humans). A 1.0-ml enteric bolus of gadopentetate dimeglumine diluted with sterile water (1:1) was given via gavage. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed 2 hr after laparotomy and reviewed for the presence of intraperitoneal gadopentetate dimeglumine by two experienced observers. Animals were sacrificed 24 hr after surgery for pathologic examination. Results. Four animals died prior to sacrifice. The bladder had a grossly high signal in all cases, implying some degree of intravascular absorption of the contrast material. A correlation was found between increasing mean radiology scores and increasing numbers of ligated vessels. The intraperitoneal signal tended to be higher in experimental animals than in control animals. Histologic damage was more severe in experimental animals (ischemic changes extending deeper into the intestinal wall) than in control animals. Conclusion. Direct visualization of spilled gastrointestinal gadopentetate dimeglumine helped discriminate ischemic from control rats in this model. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,DEPT RADIOL,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [K08HL02848] NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC UNIV RADIOLOGISTS PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, RESTON, VA 22091 SN 1076-6332 J9 ACAD RADIOL JI Acad. Radiol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 3 IS 6 BP 486 EP 492 DI 10.1016/S1076-6332(96)80008-0 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UN262 UT WOS:A1996UN26200006 PM 8796706 ER PT J AU Stepniakowski, KT Sallee, FR Goodfriend, TL Zhang, Z Egan, BM AF Stepniakowski, KT Sallee, FR Goodfriend, TL Zhang, Z Egan, BM TI Fatty acids enhance neurovascular reflex responses by effects on alpha(1)-adrenoceptors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nonesterified fatty acids; alpha-adrenergic receptors; low-pressure receptors ID ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; CARDIOPULMONARY MECHANORECEPTORS; BLOOD; CAPACITANCE; STIMULATION; IMPEDANCE; MECHANISM; RELEASE; ALPHA-2; INVIVO AB Abnormalities in plasma nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) may contribute to increased vascular alpha-adrenergic tone in obese hypertensive patients, because raising NEFAs locally enhances vascular reactivity to exogenously infused phenylephrine. However, responses to exogenous phenylephrine, a relatively selective alpha(1)-adrenoceptor agonist, may not reflect the physiologically more important response to endogenous norepinephrine, a nonselective alpha-adrenoceptor agonist. To study the effects of NEFAs on vascular responses to endogenously released norepinephrine, dorsal hand venoconstrictor responses to thigh cuff inflation were quantified in nine healthy volunteers during coinfusion of Intralipid with heparin to raise fatty acids locally. Intralipid-heparin, which approximately doubled local linoleic and oleic acid concentrations (P < 0.05), increased the magnitude and duration of the venoconstrictor response to thigh cuff inflation (P < 0.005) and also enhanced venoconstrictor responses to locally infused phenylephrine but not clonidine, a relatively selective partial alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist. The results of this study indicate that NEFAs enhance reflex vasoconstrictor responses largely through local effects on the vascular alpha(1)-adrenoceptor and raise the possibility that fatty acids contribute to increased neurovascular tone in obese hypertensive patients. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DIV CLIN PHARMACOL, DEPT PHARMACOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MED, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT BIOMETRY & EPIDEMIOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP, DEPT MED, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP, DEPT PHARMACOL, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. NR 36 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 270 IS 6 BP R1340 EP R1346 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA UU589 UT WOS:A1996UU58900023 ER PT J AU Fitzgibbon, WR Webster, SK Imamura, A Ploth, DW Hutchison, FN AF Fitzgibbon, WR Webster, SK Imamura, A Ploth, DW Hutchison, FN TI Effect of dietary protein and enalapril on proximal tubular delivery and absorption of albumin in nephrotic rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE enalapril; passive Heymann nephritis; proximal tubule; protein absorption; tubular fluid ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION; MICROPUNCTURE; ANGIOTENSIN; CHARGE; REABSORPTION; NEPHRITIS; RABBIT; KIDNEY AB In passive Heymann nephritis (PHN), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (ACEI) or a low dietary protein intake decreases albuminuria (UA1bV). Although this reduction in albuminuria appears to result from an improvement in glomerular permselectivity, the effect of these treat; ments on albumin permeation and absorption by the nephron has not been clarified. This study used micropuncture techniques to examine the effect of these two treatments on albumin permeation (by measuring the delivery of albumin to the proximal tubule) and the tubular absorption of albumin. PHN rats (12-18 days after injection of FX1A) were switched from 23% to either 40% protein diet (HP), 40% protein diet and concomitantly treated with enalapril (40 mg . kg(-1). day(-1)) (HPE), or to 8% (LP) protein diet for 4-6 days. Although left kidney glomerular filtration rate (GFR) did not differ among the groups, UA1bV from the left kidney in LP and HPE was only 20-40% of that observed for the HP group. In protocol 1, the fractional recovery of albumin (FR(A1b)) in urine was calculated following injection of artificial tubular fluid containing [C-14]inulin and I-125-labeled albumin into the earliest identifiable proximal loops. There were no differences in FR(A1b) among the three groups. In protocol 2, timed quantitative collections of tubular fluid were obtained from proximal tubular loops. The rate of albumin delivery to the earliest accessible loops of the proximal tubule was significantly lower for the LP and HPE groups compared with the HP group. For each group, albumin concentration corrected for water absorption was not altered along the proximal tubule. The data indicate that alterations of dietary protein intake or ACEI treatment results in large changes in the delivery of albumin at the proximal tubule that could singularly account for the changes in urinary albumin excretion. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29403 USA. RP Fitzgibbon, WR (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MED, DIV NEPHROL, 171 ASHLEY AVE, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6127 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 270 IS 6 BP F986 EP F996 PG 11 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA UT492 UT WOS:A1996UT49200009 PM 8764318 ER PT J AU Bowden, CL Janicak, PG Orsulak, P Swann, AC Davis, JM Calabrese, JR Goodnick, P Small, JG Rush, AJ Kimmel, SF Risch, SC Morris, DD AF Bowden, CL Janicak, PG Orsulak, P Swann, AC Davis, JM Calabrese, JR Goodnick, P Small, JG Rush, AJ Kimmel, SF Risch, SC Morris, DD TI Relation of serum valproate concentration to response in mania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 33rd Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Neuropsychopharmacology CY DEC 12-16, 1994 CL SAN JUAN, PR SP Amer Coll Neuropsychopharmacol ID SODIUM VALPROATE; PREDICTION; EPILEPSY; ACID AB Objective: This study was designed to determine the relation of valproate serum levels to clinical improvement and development of adverse effects in hospitalized patients with acute mania. The initial fixed-dose escalation design, the monotherapy with divalproex, and the control of variables that is possible only with hospitalized patients reduced the confounding factors present in most outpatient studies of serum level-response relationships. Method: Sixty-five hospitalized patients who met the Research Diagnostic Criteria for bipolar disorder with mania were treated with divalproex, 750 mg/day for 2 days and then 1,000 mg/day on days 3-5; the dosage was subsequently adjusted as clinically indicated for the remainder of the 21-day study. Manic symptoms were assessed with the Mania Rating Scale, which is derived from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia. Results: At day 5, patients with serum valproate levels greater than or equal to 45 mu g/ml were two to seven times as likely as patients with levels <45 mu g/ml to show 20% or greater improvement in scores on the manic syndrome subscale, the behavior and ideation subscale, elevated mood, increased activity, motor hyperactivity, and psychosis. Endpoint analyses yielded similar results. Adverse experiences characteristic of divalproex treatment were disproportionately associated with serum levels greater than or equal to 225 mu g/ml. Conclusions: Acutely manic patients treated with divalproex who have valproate serum levels between 45 and 100-125 mu g/ml are much more likely to have efficacious and well-tolerated responses than patients with lower ol higher levels of valproate. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHICAGO,IL 60612. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DALLAS,TX. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DALLAS,TX. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,HOUSTON,TX. UNIV MIAMI,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,INST PSYCHIAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. ABBOTT LABS,CLIN RES SECT,N CHICAGO,IL 60064. RP Bowden, CL (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DIV BIO PSYCHIAT,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Rush, Augustus/0000-0003-2004-2382 NR 17 TC 127 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 153 IS 6 BP 765 EP 770 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UN632 UT WOS:A1996UN63200005 PM 8633687 ER PT J AU Tuner, K Wexler, HM Reeves, D Finegold, SM AF Tuner, K Wexler, HM Reeves, D Finegold, SM TI Penicillin-binding proteins in Fusobacterium species SO ANAEROBE LA English DT Article DE penicillin-binding proteins; Fusobacterium; anaerobic bacteria; antimicrobials ID BETA-LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS; CEFOXITIN RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MECHANISM; BACTERIA; FRAGILIS AB PBPs were identified in four species of Fusobacterium. Each species had a distinctive PBP pattern, although some intra-species variation was noted. Most species had five or six PBPs, ranging in molecular weight from similar to 100 kDa to similar to 40 kDa. The two strains of F. nucleatum tested had characteristic ''wavy'' PBP patterns. F. mortiferum was distinctive in possessing a very major band or complex at the PBP-2 position, whereas F. varium and F. necrophorum had only minor or average bands. The antibiotics tested had varying affinities for the different PBPs and distinctive morphological changes were seen upon exposure of the organisms to certain beta-lactam agents. Cefotaxime, which caused elongation in strains of two species, had greater affinity for PBPs 1 and 4 than for the other PBPs in those strains. Aztreonam, which caused elongation in F. varium, also had affinity for PBP-4 in that strain. (C) 1996 Academic Press C1 HUDDINGE UNIV HOSP,KAROLINSKA INST,DEPT MICROBIOL,S-14186 HUDDINGE,SWEDEN. HUDDINGE UNIV HOSP,KAROLINSKA INST,DEPT PATHOL,S-14186 HUDDINGE,SWEDEN. HUDDINGE UNIV HOSP,KAROLINSKA INST,DEPT INFECT DIS,S-14186 HUDDINGE,SWEDEN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,MED SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. MED PROD AGCY,S-75103 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RP Tuner, K (reprint author), HUDDINGE UNIV HOSP,KAROLINSKA INST,DEPT IMMUNOL,S-14186 HUDDINGE,SWEDEN. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1075-9964 J9 ANAEROBE JI Anaerobe PD JUN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 3 BP 155 EP 162 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UW535 UT WOS:A1996UW53500005 ER PT J AU Fihn, SD Callahan, CM Martin, DC McDonell, MB Henikoff, JG White, RH AF Fihn, SD Callahan, CM Martin, DC McDonell, MB Henikoff, JG White, RH TI The risk for and severity of bleeding complications in elderly patients treated with warfarin SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE warfarin; hemorrhage; age factors; prothrombin time; atrial fibrillation ID ORAL ANTICOAGULANT-THERAPY; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS; FOLLOW-UP; OUTPATIENTS; PREVENTION; STROKE; HEMORRHAGE AB Objective: To determine whether increasing age is associated with an increased risk for bleeding during warfarin treatment. Design: Combined retrospective and prospective cohort studies. Setting: 6 anticoagulation clinics. Patients: 2376 patients receiving warfarin for various indications. Measurements: Bleeding events categorized as minor (resulting in no costs or consequences), serious (requiring testing or treatment), life-threatening, or fatal. Results: 812 first bleeding events (4 fatal, 33 life-threatening, 222 serious, and 553 minor) occurred during 3702 patient-years. Age was inversely related to the mean warfarin dose and dose-adjusted prothrombin time ratio. The unadjusted incidence of minor bleeding complications did not vary according to age group: 18.0 per 100 patient-years for patients younger than 50 years of age, 21.5 for patients 50 to 59 years of age, 24.0 for patients 60 to 69 years of age; 23.5 for patients 70 to 79 years of age, and 16.3 for patients 80 years of age and older. The unadjusted incidence of serious bleeding complications also did not vary according to age group: 9.3 per 100 patient-years for patients younger than 50 years of age, 7.1 for patients 50 to 59 years of age, 6.6 for patients 60 to 69 years of age, 5.1 for patients 70 to 79 years of age, and 4.4 for patients 80 years of age and older. The unadjusted incidence of life-threatening or fatal complications combined was significantly higher among the oldest patients: 0.75 per 100 patient-years for patients younger than 50 years of age, 0.97 for patients 50 to 59 years of age, 1.10 for patients 60 to 69 years of age, 0.68 for patients 70 to 79 years of age, and 3.38 for patients 80 years of age and older. Patients 80 years of age and older had a relative risk of 4.5 (95% CI, 1.3 to 15.6) compared with patients younger than 50 years of age. After adjustment for the intensity of anticoagulation therapy and the deviation in the prothrombin time ratio using Cox and Poisson regression, age was not generally associated with the occurrence of bleeding; relative risk estimates ranged from 0.99 to 1.03 per year of age (lower-bound 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.01; upper-bound 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.09). The single exception was life-threatening and fatal complications in patients 80 years of age or older (relative risk, 4.6 [CI, 1.2 to 18.1]). Conclusions: Age did not appear to be an important determinant of risk for bleeding in patients receiving warfarin, with the possible exception of age 80 years or older. The intensity of anticoagulation therapy and the deviation in the prothrombin time ratio were much stronger predictors of risk for bleeding. C1 PRIMARY CARE CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,SACRAMENTO,CA 95817. RP Fihn, SD (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HEALTHCARE SYST,NW VET AFFAIRS HLTH SERV RES & DEV FIELD PROGRAM,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. NR 49 TC 414 Z9 432 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 124 IS 11 BP 970 EP & PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UL905 UT WOS:A1996UL90500004 PM 8624064 ER PT J AU Jacobson, JM Davidian, M Rainey, PM Hafner, R Raasch, RH Luft, BJ AF Jacobson, JM Davidian, M Rainey, PM Hafner, R Raasch, RH Luft, BJ TI Pyrimethamine pharmacokinetics in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALITIS; AIDS; SULFADIAZINE; COMBINATION; SULFADOXINE; EFFICACY; THERAPY; SERUM AB Pyrimethamine pharmacokinetics were studied in 11 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients who were seropositive for exposure to Toxoplasma gondii and were taking zidovudine (AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 102), Pyrimethamine was administered at 50 mg daily for 3 weeks to achieve steady state, and pharmacokinetic profiles were determined after administration of the last dose, Noncompartmental and compartmental analyses were performed. Population pharmacokinetic analysis assuming a one-compartment model yielded the following estimates: area under the 24-h concentration-time curve, 42.7 +/- 12.3 mu g . h/ml; half-life, 139 +/- 34 h; clearance, 1.28 +/- 0.41 liters/h; volume of distribution, 246 +/- 641; and absorption rate constant, 1.5 +/- 1.3 liters/h. These values are similar to those seen in subjects without HIV infection, Pyrimethamine pharmacokinetics did not differ significantly in those subjects who were intravenous drug users. Adverse effects were noted in 73% of those initially enrolled in this study, leading to discontinuation for 38%. No association was noted between pyrimethamine levels and the incidence of adverse events. No significant differences were seen in zidovudine pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from studies performed before and during treatment with pyrimethamine. In summary, pyrimethamine exhibited pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected patients that were similar to those in non-HIV-infected subjects and it did not alter the pharmacokinetics of zidovudine in these patients. C1 MT SINAI SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT MED,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. HARVARD UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT BIOSTAT,BOSTON,MA 02115. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT LAB MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. NIAID,DIV AIDS,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV N CAROLINA,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CHAPEL HILL,NC. RP Jacobson, JM (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. OI Luft, Benjamin/0000-0001-9008-7004 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1360 EP 1365 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UP107 UT WOS:A1996UP10700007 PM 8726001 ER PT J AU Whitman, MS Pitsakis, PG DeJesus, E Osborne, AJ Levison, ME Johnson, CC AF Whitman, MS Pitsakis, PG DeJesus, E Osborne, AJ Levison, ME Johnson, CC TI Gastrointestinal tract colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium in an animal model SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; INVITRO ACTIVITY; RAMOPLANIN; GENTAMICIN; TEICOPLANIN; PENICILLIN; INFECTIONS; FAECALIS AB Vancomycin-resistant enterococci have become important nosocomial pathogens in many institutions, The gastrointestinal tract of susceptible hosts serves as the likely reservoir from which the organism is disseminated. To study factors promoting colonization and the efficacy of decontamination therapy,vith antimicrobial agents, a model of gastrointestinal colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium was developed in CF1 mice. At baseline, all animals were colonized with non-vancomycin-resistant enterococci (5.0 log(10) CFU/g), but vancomycin-resistant organisms were not detectable. Following gastric inoculation,vith 5 x 10(8) CFU of a clinical isolate of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium, the strain transiently colonized the gastrointestinal tract of 100% of mice but was undetectable by Day 14 (less than or equal to 2.7 log(10) mean CFU/g). In animals who received 5 mg of streptomycin per mi or 250 mu g of vancomycin per mi in drinking water, colonization with the organism occurred at significantly higher bacterial counts than in controls at 7 days following inoculation (9.4 for vancomycin, 9.2 for streptomycin, and 5.1 log(10) mean CFU/g for controls; P < 0.05), Fecal concentrations of vancomycin-resistant E. faecium persisted at high counts through Day 22 in mice receiving these antibiotics, but low counts were also still detected in 3 of 10 control animals. In mice with previously established vancomycin-resistant E. faecium colonization, oral administration of ramoplanin, a lipoglycodepsipeptide to which the strain was susceptible, suppressed growth of all enterococci in feces, including the vancomycin-resistant strain after 7 days of therapy (less than or equal to 3.1 and less than or equal to 3.3 log(10) mean CFU/g for vancomycin and streptomycin groups, respectively). All mice had a recurrence of colonization with vancomycin-resistant E. faecium after the ramoplanin was discontinued, In summary, this animal model demonstrates the importance of antibiotics in predisposing to gastrointestinal colonization with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp, Although treatment with ramoplanin temporarily suppressed the organism, recurrence of colonization due to relapse or reinfection occurred. C1 MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DIV INFECT DIS,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 27 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 40 IS 6 BP 1526 EP 1530 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UP107 UT WOS:A1996UP10700037 PM 8726031 ER PT J AU Aarsland, D Tandberg, E Larsen, JP Cummings, JL AF Aarsland, D Tandberg, E Larsen, JP Cummings, JL TI Frequency of dementia in Parkinson disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEPRESSION AB Objective: To investigate the frequency of dementia in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). Design: Community-based prevalence study. Setting: The study population comprised 220 858 inhabitants from the Rogaland County, Norway. Participants: Almost 400 participants were examined by a neurologist, and 245 were given the diagnosis of PD and included in the study. Measurements: Mental functioning was rated with the Mini-Mental State Examination; Gottfries, Brane, and Steen scale; and the intellectual subscale of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised, were applied during a semistructured interview to determine the diagnosis of dementia. Results: Dementia was found in 67 patients (27.7%). Patients with dementia were older at the time of the study and at onset of PD and had had PD longer than the patients without dementia. Major depression was more common among patients with dementia (23%) than among patients without dementia (2.3%) (chi(2), P<.001), and patients with dementia were more often institutionalized than those without dementia (62% vs 6%, respectively, chi(2), P<.001). Atypical neurologic features for idiopathic PD tie, early occurrence of autonomic failure, symmetrical disease presentation, and only moderate response to a dopamine agonist) were associated with more severe dementia of a higher frequency rate and with lower scores on cognitive rating scales. Conclusion: Approximately one quarter of the patients with PD had dementia with the motor manifestations of PD. Dementia was associated with depression, institutionalization, older age at onset of PD, and atypical neurologic features. C1 CENT HOSP ROGALAND,DEPT NEUROL,N-4000 STAVANGER,NORWAY. HOSP PSYCHIAT,SECT GERIATR PSYCHIAT,ROGALAND,NORWAY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. OI Aarsland, Dag/0000-0001-6314-216X NR 26 TC 196 Z9 207 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 538 EP 542 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UR158 UT WOS:A1996UR15800014 PM 8660156 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekelle, PG Paulus, HE Brook, RH AF MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekelle, PG Paulus, HE Brook, RH TI Drug use in rheumatoid arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VALUE HLTH SCI,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 39 IS 6 SU S BP R5 EP R5 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UQ616 UT WOS:A1996UQ61600010 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekelle, PG Paulus, HE Brook, RH AF MacLean, CH Knight, KK Shekelle, PG Paulus, HE Brook, RH TI Costs attributable to arthritis SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VALUE HLTH SCI,SANTA MONICA,CA 90407. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 39 IS 6 SU S BP R4 EP R4 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UQ616 UT WOS:A1996UQ61600005 ER PT J AU Roger, L Masi, AT Luther, M AF Roger, L Masi, AT Luther, M TI Clinical remission in rheumatoid arthritis correlates with entry status: A longitudinal study of 191 patients treated with aurothioglucose and low-dose triamcinolone. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL MED,PEORIA,IL 61656. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 39 IS 6 SU S BP R23 EP R23 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UQ616 UT WOS:A1996UQ61600090 ER PT J AU Roger, L Masi, AT Luther, M AF Roger, L Masi, AT Luther, M TI Early aggressive therapy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL MED,PEORIA,IL 61656. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 39 IS 6 SU S BP R23 EP R23 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UQ616 UT WOS:A1996UQ61600089 ER PT J AU Ku, H Yonemura, Y Kaushansky, K Ogawa, M AF Ku, H Yonemura, Y Kaushansky, K Ogawa, M TI Thrombopoietin, the ligand for the Mpl receptor, synergizes with steel factor and other early acting cytokines in supporting proliferation of primitive hematopoietic progenitors of mice SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; BLAST CELL COLONIES; C-KIT; GROWTH-FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; MURINE HEMATOPOIESIS; CULTURE; DIFFERENTIATION; ENHANCEMENT; INTERLEUKIN-11 AB Recently, the ligand for the MpI receptor (ML) was identified to be thrombopoietin, the principal regulator of megakaryocytopoiesis and thrombopoiesis. We examined the effects of ML, as a single factor or in combinations with early acting factors such as steel factor (SF), interleukin (IL)-3, IL-ll, IL-6, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), on colony formation from primitive progenitors of mice. Cells enriched for cell cycle dormant primitive progenitors were isolated from bone marrow cells of li-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice by a combination of Nycodenz density gradient separation, immunomagnetic selection for lineage-negative cells, and fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FAGS) sorting for Ly-6A/E(+)Kit(+) cells. ML, in the presence of erythropoietin, could support the formation of only a few megakaryocyte colonies. However, ML acted synergistically with SF or IL-3 to support the formation of multiple types of hematopoietic colonies including multilineage colonies. Effects of the combination of ML and SF on multipotential progenitors were not mediated through other cells, as demonstrated by micromanipulation of individual progenitors. In suspension culture, the combination of ML and SF increased the number of multipotential progenitors. ML also acted synergistically with IL-ll, IL-6, or G-CSF to support colony formation in serum-containing, but not in serum-free, cultures. However, the multilineage colony formation seen in serum-containing culture was completely abrogated by addition of ACK2, a neutralizing antibody to Kit protein. Serial observation (mapping studies) of colony development from multipotential progenitors suggested that ML triggers the cell division of dormant progenitors. Based on these observations, we propose that ML can function as an early acting cytokine and stimulate the proliferation of cell cycle dormant progenitors by shortening their G(0) period. (C) 1996 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 49855, DK 32294, DK 48714] NR 38 TC 214 Z9 219 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 1 PY 1996 VL 87 IS 11 BP 4544 EP 4551 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA UN797 UT WOS:A1996UN79700009 PM 8639822 ER PT J AU Hamner, M Huber, M AF Hamner, M Huber, M TI Discontinuation of antidepressant medications before ECT SO CONVULSIVE THERAPY LA English DT Letter ID SEIZURES RP Hamner, M (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHARLESTON,SC, USA. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0749-8055 J9 CONVULSIVE THER JI Convulsive Therapy PD JUN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 2 BP 125 EP 126 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UP330 UT WOS:A1996UP33000011 PM 8744175 ER PT J AU Jenkins, AJ Klein, RL Chassereau, CN Hermayer, KL LopesVirella, MF AF Jenkins, AJ Klein, RL Chassereau, CN Hermayer, KL LopesVirella, MF TI LDL from patients with well-controlled IDDM is not more susceptible to in vitro oxidation SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; CULTURED HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; DIABETIC-PATIENTS; INVITRO OXIDATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; GLYCATION; GLYCOSYLATION; ANTIOXIDANTS; STRESS AB Increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidation has been shown to be associated with the presence of coronary heart disease and may account for the accelerated vascular disease seen in diabetes, The response of LDL to in vitro oxidative stress has been proposed as a measure of the predisposition of LDL to the in vivo subendothelial oxidative stress, Increased susceptibility to oxidation has been demonstrated recently in diabetic patients with poorly controlled IDDM, Thus, we conducted studies to determine whether the increased susceptibility of LDL to oxidation was secondary to diabetes per se or to the level of glycemic control, Fifteen IDDM patients with good glycemic control and with no evidence of macrovascular disease or proteinuria were compared with healthy age-, sex-, race-, and BMI-matched nondiabetic subjects, Fasting blood glucose levels averaged 12.1 +/- 1.1 (mean +/- SE) vs, 4.9 +/- 0.1 mmol/l in the diabetic versus the control groups, respectively, HbA(1c) levels averaged 7.7 +/- 0.5 vs, 4.4 +/- 0.2%, reflecting well-controlled diabetes (P < 0.0001), Total, LDL, VLDL, and HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and lipoprotein(a) levels did not differ between the groups, The particle size, lipid composition, fatty acid content, antioxidant content, and glycation were similar for LDL isolated from both groups, A rapid LDL preparation technique was used to compare LDL susceptibility to oxidation under the following conditions: final LDL cholesterol concentration of 100 mu g/ml, 5 mu mol/l of CuCl2 at 25 degrees C, There was no difference in the susceptibility to in vitro oxidation of LDL isolated from IDDM patients compared with control subjects, There was no correlation of glycemic control with any of the parameters of the in vitro oxidation of LDL, LDL from patients with well-controlled IDDM does not differ in composition or in susceptibility to in vitro oxidative stress compared with LDL from nondiabetic subjects. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV 1515,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. NR 52 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JUN PY 1996 VL 45 IS 6 BP 762 EP 767 DI 10.2337/diabetes.45.6.762 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UN724 UT WOS:A1996UN72400010 PM 8635650 ER PT J AU Brown, SA Winter, M Upchurch, S Ramirez, G Anding, R AF Brown, SA Winter, M Upchurch, S Ramirez, G Anding, R TI Promoting weight loss in type II diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID LOW-CALORIE DIET; INSULIN-DEPENDENT DIABETICS; NEWLY DIAGNOSED NIDDM; LONG-TERM USE; OBESE PATIENTS; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; METABOLIC CONTROL; META-ANALYSIS; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE AB OBJECTIVE - To examine strategies-behavioral therapies, exercise, diet, anorectic drugs, surgery, or a combination of strategies-used for promoting weight loss in people with type Ii diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Meta-analysis was used to synthesize research of promoting weight loss in this population. Literature search strategies involved reviewing bibliographies, conducting computer starches and surveys of relevant master's degree programs, and contacting representatives of the Centers for Disease Control. The final sample consisted of 89 studies involving 1,800 subjects. Data were extracted on 80 variables characterizing the sample of studies/subjects and on 23 outcome variables, including weight, metabolic control, lipids. and other physiological parameters. RESULTS - Diet alone had the largest statistically significant impact on weight loss (-20 lb) and metabolic control (-2.7% in glycosylated hemoglobin). All diets significantly improved fasting blood sugar. Behavioral programs alone had a statistically significant impact on weight loss (-6.4 Ib) and metabolic control (-1.5 SS) but effects were less than for dit alone. Data from the few exercise studies indicated that weighted average effects for exercise on weight loss (-3.4 Ib) and metabolic control (-0.8%) were less than diet alone. Behavioral therapy plus diet plus exercise was associated with statistically significant enter size estimates for weight loss 1-8.5 Ib) and metabolic control (-1.6%). Diet alone achieved better results. Effects of weight promotion strategies, in general, were smaller in experimental studies and for individuals over age 55. CONCLUSIONS - Dietary strategies are most effective for promoting short-term weight loss in type II diabetes. A number of gaps exist in the extant literature-descriptions of subjects, interventions, or longitudinal outcomes beyond 12 months after intervention. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SCH NURSING,HOUSTON,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO COCHRANE CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Brown, SA (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SCH NURSING,1700 RED RIVER,AUSTIN,TX 78701, USA. FU NINR NIH HHS [NR02773] NR 109 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 1996 VL 19 IS 6 BP 613 EP 624 DI 10.2337/diacare.19.6.613 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UN440 UT WOS:A1996UN44000011 PM 8725861 ER PT J AU Byrne, D Dirks, D AF Byrne, D Dirks, D TI Effects of acclimatization and deprivation on non-speech auditory abilities SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Eriksholm Consensus Conference CY AUG, 1995 CL COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP Oticon Fdn AB This article reviews the evidence for acclimatization and deprivation with respect to non-speech auditory abilities. Although this subject has not been studied extensively, clear evidence exists for acclimatization and/or deprivation effects on intensity discrimination, binaural masking level difference, and auditory localization and lateralization. There is also some argument for such effects with regard to changes in tolerance for intense sounds or preferred levels of amplification. However, the main evidence for these effects, changes in loudness discomfort levels with repeated testing, may reasonably be explained as procedural or task-related effects rather than changes in auditory abilities. On the other hand, the successful use of tinnitus maskers to treat hyperacusis suggests that particularly low tolerance levels may be improved by exposure to certain types of auditory stimulation. Overall, this retrospective review of changes in nonspeech auditory abilities, associated with the presence or absence of listening experience, indicates that acclimatization or deprivation effects may have influenced the results of some of the experiments reviewed. This suggests that experiments designed to study acclimatization or deprivation are timely and useful. In addition, acclimatization and deprivation are potential variables that should be considered, and preferably controlled, within experiments on auditory abilities. Clinically, the review adds weight to the argument for considering acclimatization and/or deprivation in hearing aid fitting and evaluation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Byrne, D (reprint author), NATL ACOUST LABS,126 GREVILLE ST,CHATSWOOD,NSW 2067,AUSTRALIA. NR 0 TC 15 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 17 IS 3 SU S BP S29 EP S37 DI 10.1097/00003446-199617031-00004 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA UV121 UT WOS:A1996UV12100006 PM 8807274 ER PT J AU Lowe, GN Fu, YH McDougall, S Polendo, R Williams, A Benya, PD Hahn, TJ AF Lowe, GN Fu, YH McDougall, S Polendo, R Williams, A Benya, PD Hahn, TJ TI Effects of prostaglandins on deoxyribonucleic acid and aggrecan synthesis in the RCJ 3.1C5.18 chondrocyte cell line: Role of second messengers SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; PROTEOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS; ARTICULAR CHONDROCYTES; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; RETINOIC ACID; CORE PROTEIN; CARTILAGE; MODULATION; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION AB PGs play an important role in regulating articular chondrocyte function in both normal and pathological states. However, the mechanisms of the the effects of PG on chondrocyte function remain undefined. We, therefore, examined tile effects of PGE(1), PGE(2), and PGF(2 alpha) on second messenger generation in relation to DNA and aggrecan synthesis in the nontransformed rat RCJ 3.1C5.18 (RCJ) chondrocyte cell line. RCJ cells were grown under minimal attachment conditions on a composite collagen-agarose (0.15%/0.8%) gel to maintain a differentiated phenotype. PGE(1) and PGE(2) (0.001-100 mu M) produced a similar dose-related increase in cAMP accumulation, with a maximal 8-fold increase over basal values, whereas PGF2 alpha produced a minimal 1.3-fold increase in cAMP levels only at 100 mu M. On the other hand, both PGE(2) and PGF(2 alpha) raised the intracellular Free calcium ([Ca2+](i)) concentration, derived primarily from extracellular sources, whereas PGE(1) was without effect on [Ca2+](i). These three PGs also had divergent effects on DNA synthesis, as measured by [H-3]thymidine ([H-3]TdR) incorporation. PGF(2 alpha) (0.001-5 mu M) produced a dose-related increase in [H-3]TdR incorporation, with a maximal 1.6-fold increase over baseline values at 5 mu M and a slight decline to below maximal levels at 10 mu M PGE(2) exhibited a contrasting inverse biphasic response, with an initial small suppressive effect that was maximal at 0.1 mu M and a secondary stimulatory phase producing a small increase over control values at 5 mu M. PGE(1) had a uniformly suppressive effect, producing a 30% decrease at 10 mu M Despite the divergent effects of PGE(1), PGE(2), and PGF(2 alpha) on second messenger generation and DNA synthesis, all three PGs produced a dose-related stimulation of angrecan synthesis. PGF(2 alpha) was the most potent, producing significant stimulation at 0.001 mu M and a maximal 104% increase at 5 mu M. PGE(1) and PGE(2) were approximately equipotent and approximately 60% as effective as PGF(2 alpha) in stimulating aggrecan synthesis. Northern analysis demonstrated that the effects of PG on aggrecan synthesis were not accompanied by changes in aggrecan core protein steady state messenger RNA levels. Thus, the effects of PG on aggrecan production in RCJ cells appear to be regulated at the posttranscriptional level. Forskolin and (Bu)(2)cAMP mimicked the suppressive effects of PGE(1) on [H-3]TdR incorporation, as well as the stimulatory effect of PGE(1) on aggrecan synthesis. In addition, the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate mimicked PGF(2 alpha) stimulation of [H-3]TdR incorporation and aggrecan synthesis, and the effects of PGF(2 alpha) on these processes were unlocked bg protein kinase C inhibitors. Therefore. it appears that in mammalian chondrocytes, PGE(1) primarily activates the cAMP-protein kinase a second messenger system, PGF(2 alpha) affects primarily the Ca2+-protein kinase C system, and PGE(2) activates both pathways. Moreover, PG posttranscriptional regulation of aggrecan synthesis in chondrocytes involves both the cAMP-protein kinase A and Ca2+-protein kinase C second messenger systems. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. ORTHOPED HOSP LOS ANGELES, J VERNON LUCK ORTHOPED RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90007 USA. UNIV SO CALIF, DEPT ORTHOPED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90033 USA. RI Benya, Paul/I-3449-2015 OI Benya, Paul/0000-0002-1060-7127 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-00489]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-38463, AR-42894] NR 44 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUN PY 1996 VL 137 IS 6 BP 2208 EP 2216 DI 10.1210/en.137.6.2208 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UM802 UT WOS:A1996UM80200003 PM 8641167 ER PT J AU Kowluru, A Seavey, SE Rabaglia, ME Nesher, R Metz, SA AF Kowluru, A Seavey, SE Rabaglia, ME Nesher, R Metz, SA TI Carboxylmethylation of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A in insulin-secreting cells: Evidence for for functional consequences on enzyme activity and insulin secretion SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GTP-BINDING PROTEINS; RAT ISLETS; PANCREATIC-ISLETS; OKADAIC ACID; PHOSPHORYLATION; LANGERHANS; CAMP; ACTIVATION; INHIBITORS; CA-2+ AB We report the carboxylmethylation of a 36-kDa protein in intact normal rat islets and clonal beta (INS-1) cells. This protein was predominantly cytosolic. Its carboxylmethylation, as assessed by vapor phase equilibration assay, was resistant to inhibition by N-acetyl-S-trans,trans-farnesyl-L-cysteine, a competitive substrate for cysteine methyl transferases. These data suggest that the methylated C-terminal amino acid is not cysteine. The methylated protein was identified as the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2Ac) by immunoblotting. The carboxylmethylation of the PP2Ac increased its catalytic activity, suggesting a key role in the functional regulation of PP2A. Therefore, we studied okadaic acid, a selective inhibitor of PP2A that acts by an unknown mechanism. Okadaic acid (but not 1-nor-okadaone, its inactive analog) inhibited (K-i = 10 nM) the carboxylmethylation of PP2Ac and phosphatase activity in the cytosolic fraction (from normal rat islets and clonal beta-cells) as well as in intact rat islets. Furthermore, methylated PP2Ac underwent rapid demethylation (t(1/2) = 40 min) catalyzed by a methyl esterase localized in islet homogenates. Ebelactone, a purported inhibitor of methyl esterases, significantly delayed (>200 min) the demethylation of PP2Ac. Furthermore, ebelactone reversibly inhibited glucose- and ketoisocaproate-induced insulin secretion from normal rat islets. These data identify, for the first time, a methylation-demethylation cycle for PP2Ac in the beta-cell and suggest a key functional relationship between PP2A activity and the carboxylmethylation of its catalytic subunit. These findings thus suggest a negative modulatory role for PP2A in nutrient-induced insulin exocytosis. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, ENDOCRINOL SECT, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, DEPT MED, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM, HADASSAH MED CTR, DEPT ENDOCRINOL & METAB, IL-91120 JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-37312] NR 45 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JUN PY 1996 VL 137 IS 6 BP 2315 EP 2323 DI 10.1210/en.137.6.2315 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UM802 UT WOS:A1996UM80200017 PM 8641181 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ Valentino, DJ Hayrapetian, A Hagan, G Grant, EG AF Duerinckx, AJ Valentino, DJ Hayrapetian, A Hagan, G Grant, EG TI Ultrafast networks (ATM): First clinical experiences SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE picture archiving and communication system, (PACS); images, transmission; radiology and radiologists ID ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSFER MODE; LOS-ANGELES; PACS; TELERADIOLOGY; RADIOLOGY; IMPLEMENTATION; COMMUNICATION; INFORMATION; IMPACT; COST AB Ultrafast networks using asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) technology can provide the bandwidth and throughput that may be sufficient to satisfy the medical imaging community. Several trials are underway to assess the effect of ATM network capabilities on the clinical practice of radiology, by providing immediate interactive radiology consultations between subspecialists and general radiologists at affiliated academic institutions. The hardware to build such networks is now commercially available and its cost is decreasing steadily, but the monthly charges for ATM bandwidth use are still high. Nevertheless, given the tremendous increase in communication capability and data transfer rates possible with ATM networks, cost alone should not be the determining factor for selecting this technology. The ATM concept in general is first reviewed, followed by a description of early clinical ATM network installation in four medical environments worldwide. These medical clusters include: the UCLA affiliated hospitals (UCLA Medical Center, West LA VAMC and Olive-View UCLA Medical Center), the UCSF affiliated hospitals, Duke University Hospitals and a cluster of medical centers in Berlin which have all been connected via ATM networks. The use of ATM technology in these realistic clinical environments is discussed and evaluated for its potential impact on patient care and clinical teaching within radiology departments. From this preliminary study it is concluded that image communications over a regional PACS using an ATM network can allow interactive consultations between different subspecialist and general radiologists or other specialized radiologists spread over different medical centers. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 62 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0720-048X J9 EUR J RADIOL JI Eur. J. Radiol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 3 BP 186 EP 196 DI 10.1016/0720-048X(96)00763-2 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UY879 UT WOS:A1996UY87900005 PM 8832233 ER PT J AU Neben, S Donaldson, D Fitz, L Calvetti, J Neben, T Turner, K Hirayama, F Ogawa, M AF Neben, S Donaldson, D Fitz, L Calvetti, J Neben, T Turner, K Hirayama, F Ogawa, M TI Interleukin-4 (IL-4) in combination with IL-11 or IL-6 reverses the inhibitory effect of IL-3 on early B lymphocyte development SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lymphohematopoietic progenitor; pre-B cell colony; PWM-SCM; interleukins; inhibition ID PRIMITIVE HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITORS; CELL COLONY FORMATION; STIMULATORY FACTOR-I; C-KIT; STEM-CELLS; PROLIFERATION; CULTURE; ENHANCEMENT; LIGAND; MAST AB We have previously described a two-step methylcellulose culture system in which individual primitive progenitors from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-treated mice were shown to have both myeloid and B lymphoid differentiation capacity. Highly enriched Lin(-)Sca(+)FU(2d) BM cells were cultured in methylcellulose in the presence of Steel factor (SF), interleukin-7 (IL-7), and pokeweed mitogen stimulated spleen cell conditioned medium (PWM-SCM). Primary mixed myeloid colonies were replated after 8-11 days into secondary cultures containing SF and IL-7, which supported the generation of B220(+)sIgM(-) pre-B cell colonies. A number of growth factors, including IL-6, IL-11, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), and IL-12 were shown to be capable of substituting for PWM-SCM to support the B lymphoid potential of primary colonies. B lymphoid potential was not supported, however, in SF + IL-3 or in SF + IL-3 plus any single growth factor (IL-1 to -12, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor [GM-CSF], G-CSF, erythropoietin [Epo], leukemia inhibitory factor [LIF], tumor necrosis factor-alpha: [TNF-alpha], transforming growth factor-beta [TGF-beta], gamma interferon [IFN-gamma], or insulin-like growth factor-1 [IGF-1]), but was supported in SF + IL-3 + 5% PWM-SCM. Experiments were designed to identify the factor or factors in PWM-SCM that reverse the inhibitory effects of IL-3 on B lymphoid potential. By substituting various cytokine combinations for PWM-SCM, we determined that combinations of IL-4 + IL-6 or IL-4 + IL-11, but not IL-4 alone, can substitute for PWM-SCM to reverse the inhibitory effect of IL-3 on B lymphoid potential. Neutralizing antibodies to IL-4 completely eliminated the activity in PWM-SCM, but antibodies to IL-6 only partially inhibited the activity. IL-11 was not detected in PWM-SCM, and the activity co-purified with IL-4, but not with IL-6. Thus, IL-4 plus IL-6, IL-11, or one or more unidentified growth factors in PWM-SCM can reverse the inhibitory effects of IL-3 on early B lymphocyte development in culture. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP Neben, S (reprint author), GENET INST INC,87 CAMBRIDGE PK DR,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02140, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 25 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 24 IS 7 BP 783 EP 789 PG 7 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UQ816 UT WOS:A1996UQ81600004 PM 8647228 ER PT J AU Ullian, ME HazenMartin, DJ Walsh, LG Davda, RK Egan, BM AF Ullian, ME HazenMartin, DJ Walsh, LG Davda, RK Egan, BM TI Carbenoxolone damages endothelium and enhances vasoconstrictor action in aortic rings SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE carbenoxolone; endothelium; muscle, smooth, vascular; vasoconstriction; receptors, adrenergic; angiotensin II ID NITRIC-OXIDE; MINERALOCORTICOID ACTION; HYPERTENSION; RAT; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; ALDOSTERONE; ANGIOTENSIN; DEXAMETHASONE; INHIBITION; RESPONSES AB Carbenoxolone causes hypertension indirectly by inhibition of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and consequent elevation of intracellular glucocorticoid levels and enhancement of vasoconstrictor action. We performed the present study to determine whether carbenoxolone also enhances vascular tone directly by mechanisms independent of glucocorticoids and other systemic influences. Exposure of rat aortic rings to 10 to 100 mu mol/L carbenoxolone in aerated Krebs-Henseleit buffer for 24 hours resulted in concentration-dependent increases in angiotensin II (Ang II) (100 nmol/L)-stimulated contractions and significant shifting of the phenylephrine cumulative contraction curve to the left but not increases in KCl (120 mmol/L)-stimulated contractions. Maximal enhancement of Ang II contraction was 39%. In contrast, brief (15-minute) exposure to 100 mu mol/L carbenoxolone did not alter Ang II contractions. Mechanical denudation of the endothelium obviated enhancement of Ang II contractions by carbenoxolone, suggesting interaction of carbenoxolone with the endothelium. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of precontracted rings to acetylcholine of ATP was reduced by more than 90% by 24-hour pretreatment with 100 mu mol/L carbenoxolone but not with 100 mu mol/L deoxycorticosterone acetate (a mineralocorticoid) or 100 mu mol/L glycyrrhizic acid (a natural 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase inhibitor). Vascular smooth muscle relaxation with sodium nitroprusside was not inhibited by carbenoxolone. Incubation of cultured endothelial cells with 100 mu mol/L carbenoxolone for 24 hours did not inhibit nitric oxide synthase activity, as measured by conversion of [H-3]L-citrulline. Electron micrography demonstrated that endothelial cell ultrastructure but not vascular smooth muscle cell ultrastructure was abnormal after incubation of rings for 24 hours with 100 mu mol/L carbenoxolone. These studies suggest that carbenoxolone concentrations higher than 10 mu mol/L enhance vasoconstrictor action via selective toxicity to the endothelium and elimination of endothelium-dependent relaxation. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PATHOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM HOSP,CHARLESTON,SC. RP Ullian, ME (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV NEPHROL,DEPT MED,CLIN SCI BLDG 829,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 32 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD JUN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 6 BP 1346 EP 1352 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UP223 UT WOS:A1996UP22300025 PM 8641747 ER PT J AU Shang, ES Summers, TA Haake, DA AF Shang, ES Summers, TA Haake, DA TI Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of the gene encoding LipL41, a surface-exposed lipoprotein of pathogenic Leptospira species SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INTERROGANS SEROVAR HARDJO; TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM DETERMINES; OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BOVIS INFECTION; VACCINATION; IMMUNOGEN; CATTLE; ANTIGENS AB We report the cloning of the gene encoding a surface-exposed leptospiral lipoprotein, designated LipL41. In a previous study, a 41-kDa protein antigen was identified on the surface of Leptospira kirschneri (D. A. Haake, E. M. Walker, D. R. Blanco, C. A. Bolin, J. N. Miller, and M. A. Lovett, Infect. Immun. 59:1131-1140, 1991), We obtained the N-terminal amino acid sequence of a staphylococcal V8 proteolytic-digest fragment in order to design an oligonucleotide probe. A Lambda ZAP II library containing EcoRI fragments of L. kirschneri DNA was Screened, and a 2.3-kb DNA fragment which contained the entire structural lipL41 gene was identified. The deduced amino acid sequence of LipL41 would encode a 355-amino-acid polypeptide with a 19-amino-acid signal peptide, followed by an L-X-Y-C lipoprotein signal peptidase cleavage site, A recombinant His(6)-LipL41 fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli in order to generate specific rabbit antiserum. LipL41 is solubilized by Triton X-114 extraction of L. kirschneri; phase separation results in partitioning of LipL41 exclusively into the detergent phase. At least eight proteins, including LipL41 and the other major Triton X-114 detergent phase proteins, are intrinsically labeled during incubation of L. kirschneri in media containing [H-3] palmitate, Processing of LipL41 is inhibited by globomycin, a selective inhibitor of lipoprotein signal peptidase. Triton X-100 extracts of L. kirschneri contain immunoprecipitable OmpL1 (porin), LipL41, and another lipoprotein, LipL36, However, in contrast to LipL36, only LipL41 and OmpL1 were exposed on the surface of intact organisms. Immunoblot analysis of a panel of Leptospira species reveals that LipL41 expression is highly conserved among leptospiral pathogens. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV INFECT DIS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA16042]; NIAID NIH HHS [2-T32-AI07323-06] NR 56 TC 104 Z9 141 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 64 IS 6 BP 2322 EP 2330 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UN189 UT WOS:A1996UN18900062 PM 8675344 ER PT J AU Sandin, RL Rinaldi, M AF Sandin, RL Rinaldi, M TI Special considerations for the clinical microbiology laboratory in the diagnosis of infections in the cancer patient SO INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID CYTOMEGALO-VIRUS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; BLOOD CULTURES; CELL-CULTURES; BACT ALERT; IDENTIFICATION; AMPLIFICATION; SPECIMENS AB The clinical microbiology laboratory faces enormous challenges in diagnosing infections that cause morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Such laboratories face several issues that surpass those faced by laboratories that perform more routine work. Issues such as sources of clinical specimens, I-reed for correlation and interaction between laboratory and clinical services, blood cultures, susceptibility testing, and the role of new molecular diagnostic techniques are considered in this article. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Sandin, RL (reprint author), UNIV S FLORIDA,COLL MED,H LEE MOFFITT CANC CTR & RES INST,ROOM 2071,12902 MAGNOLIA DR,TAMPA,FL 33612, USA. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0891-5520 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN N AM JI Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 2 BP 413 EP & DI 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70305-6 PG 20 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UV398 UT WOS:A1996UV39800010 PM 8803627 ER PT J AU Lieberman, JR Dorey, F Shekelle, P Schumacher, L Thomas, BJ Kilgus, DJ Finerman, GA AF Lieberman, JR Dorey, F Shekelle, P Schumacher, L Thomas, BJ Kilgus, DJ Finerman, GA TI Differences between patients' and physicians' evaluations of outcome after total hip arthroplasty SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article AB The purpose of this study was to compare patients' and physicians' evaluations of the results of 147 total hip arthroplasties, The patients and physicians independently evaluated pain and over-all satisfaction,vith the outcome of the procedure using a 10.0-centimeter visual-analog scale, They also answered a questionnaire with which they assessed general health, functional ability, and pain, The mean (and standard deviation) analog rating for pain (with 0.0 centimeters indicating no pain and 10.0 centimeters, severe pain) was 1.7 +/- 2.6 centimeters as assessed by the patients and 1.1 +/- 1.8 centimeters as assessed by the physicians (p < 0.001, paired t test), The mean analog rating for over-all satisfaction (with 0.0 centimeters indicating poor and 10.0 centimeters, excellent) was 8.6 +/- 2.1 centimeters as assessed by the patients and 8.8 +/- 1.7 centimeters as assessed by the physicians (p = 0.07, paired t test), There was a marked disparity between the patients' and the physicians' scores when the patients assigned a low score to a particular area, For the thirty patients who rated the pain as more than 4.0 centimeters, the mean analog rating was 6.8 +/- 2.1 centimeters according to the patients, while it was 3.6 +/- 2.7 centimeters according to the physicians (p < 0.001, linear regression), The mean analog rating for over-all satisfaction according to the nineteen patients who rated this parameter as less than 7.0 centimeters was 3.8 +/- 2.0 centimeters, while the mean rating according to the physicians was 6.5 +/- 2.8 centimeters (p < 0.001, linear regression), The patients' and physicians' evaluations were similar regarding the results of the total hip arthroplasty when the patients had little or no pain and were satisfied with the result. However, the disparity increased as the patients' ratings for pain increased and their ratings for over-all satisfaction decreased. This study highlights a discrepancy between patients' and physicians' evaluations of the results of total hip arthroplasty. This discrepancy increased when the patient was not satisfied with the outcome, The use of patients' self-administered questionnaires as well as traditional physician-generated assessments may provide a more complete evaluation of the results of total hip arthroplasty. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,VET AFFAIRS HLTH SERV,RES & DEV SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Lieberman, JR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,DEPT ORTHOPAED SURG,CHS 76-134,10833 LE CONTE AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 5 TC 198 Z9 200 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 78A IS 6 BP 835 EP 838 PG 4 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA UT143 UT WOS:A1996UT14300005 PM 8666600 ER PT J AU Hinkin, CH vanGorp, WG Satz, P Marcotte, T Durvasula, RS Wood, S Campbell, L Baluda, MR AF Hinkin, CH vanGorp, WG Satz, P Marcotte, T Durvasula, RS Wood, S Campbell, L Baluda, MR TI Actual versus self-reported cognitive dysfunction in HIV-1 infection: Memory-metamemory dissociations SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AIDS DEMENTIA COMPLEX; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; ANOSOGNOSIA; INDIVIDUALS; LESIONS; UNAWARENESS; HEMIPLEGIA; NEGLECT; TESTS AB The relationship between subjective awareness and objective neuropsychological status in HIV-1 infection remains unclear. Forty-six HIV-1 seropositive males were administered a battery of neuropsychological measures assessing episodic memory, metacognition, and depression. Results of ANOVA revealed a dissociation between subjects' self-complaint of neuropsychological impairment and objective performance, with subjects who denied cognitive impairment performing worse on memory testing. Three subgroups were identified: A group whose self-reported cognitive impairment exceeded deficits demonstrated on memory testing (37% of subjects); a group who denied impairment but evidenced deficits on memory testing (26% of subjects); and a group whose self-appraisal was consistent with performance (37% of subjects). These data suggest that self-report of cognitive dysfunction among HIV-1 infected subjects is frequently at variance with objective neuropsychological testing and that diminished awareness of decline among medically symptomatic HIV-1 infected subjects can be identified. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. FU CSR NIH HHS [RG000974]; NIMH NIH HHS [R03MH54465-01] NR 46 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 2 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3395 J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 18 IS 3 BP 431 EP 443 DI 10.1080/01688639608408999 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA VF466 UT WOS:A1996VF46600010 PM 8877626 ER PT J AU Hamner, M Huber, M Gardner, VT AF Hamner, M Huber, M Gardner, VT TI Patient with progressive dementia and choreaothetoid movements treated with buspirone SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP Hamner, M (reprint author), RALPH HENRY JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 16 IS 3 BP 261 EP 262 DI 10.1097/00004714-199606000-00019 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA UR184 UT WOS:A1996UR18400019 PM 8784666 ER PT J AU Grellier, P Feliers, D Yee, D Woodruff, K Abboud, SL AF Grellier, P Feliers, D Yee, D Woodruff, K Abboud, SL TI Interaction between insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins in TC-1 stromal cells SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; IGF-I; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; PROLIFERATION; EXPRESSION; MECHANISMS; MODULATION; SECRETION; INHIBITOR; IGFBP-1 AB IGF-I and -II play an important role in regulating bone formation. Bone marrow stromal cells, particularly those with osteoblast-like features, may act in concert with osteoblasts to increase IGF-I and -II levels in the bone microenvironment. Local bioavailability of IGFs, however, is modulated by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). We have previously demonstrated that murine TC-1 stromal cells constitutively secrete IGF-I and IGFBPs. In the present study, we determined the phenotype of these cells and used them as a model to explore the effect of IGFBPs on IGF-I-induced mitogenesis. The effect of IGF-I on IGFBPs expressed by TC-1 was also determined. When grown under conditions that promote osteogenic differentiation, TC-1 cells showed high alkaline phosphatase activity and mRNA levels, weakly expressed osteocalcin mRNA, and formed mineralized bone-like nodules. TC-1 cells expressed IGF-I and IGF-II mRNAs, while other stromal phenotypes preferentially expressed IGF-I. TGF-I stimulated TC-1 DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner and this effect was inhibited by recombinant IGFBP-1 and -4. Since IGF-I may regulate IGFBP production, the effect of EGF-I on IGFBPs expressed by TC-1 cells was determined. IGF-I increased the abundance of IGFBP-3, -4 and -5 in TC-1 conditioned medium; this correlated with induction of IGFBP-3 mRNA, but not with that of IGFBP-4 or -5 mRNAs. The findings demonstrate that most stromal cells express IGF-I which. may act in an autocrine and/or paracrine fashion. The local effects of IGF-I, however, may be blocked by IGFBP-1 or -4. IGF-I regulates the relative abundance of IGFBPs in stromal cells which, in turn, may influence IGF-I-mediated effects on bone remodeling. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA52952]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42306] NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU J ENDOCRINOLOGY LTD PI BRISTOL PA 17/18 THE COURTYARD, WOODLANDS, ALMONDSBURY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS12 4NQ SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 149 IS 3 BP 519 EP 529 DI 10.1677/joe.0.1490519 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UP485 UT WOS:A1996UP48500018 PM 8691111 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Engebrit, B Doss, R Grau, R AF Mendez, MF Engebrit, B Doss, R Grau, R TI The relationship of epileptic auras and psychological attributes SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX PARTIAL SEIZURES; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; INTERICTAL DEPRESSION; PERSONALITY-INVENTORY; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; PSYCHO-PATHOLOGY; LATERALITY; VARIABLES; ANXIETY; FOCUS AB Studies suggest a high frequency of epileptic auras with intellectual content among epileptic patients with psychopathology and personality disorders. This study compared measures of personality and psychosocial functioning between epileptic patients with cognitive auras and epileptic patients with noncognitive auras. Ten patients with complex partial seizures who experienced cognitive auras had consistently more depressive traits and psychosocial difficulties than 50 patients with other psychic or nonpsychic auras, particularly if the patients with cognitive auras had left hemisphere epilepti-form foci. Cognitive auras may be associated with depressive traits among epileptic patients. The findings were also in agreement with studies that relate the left hemisphere to depression. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. ST PAUL RAMSEY MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,ST PAUL,MN 55101. ST PAUL RAMSEY MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,ST PAUL,MN 55101. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROBEHAV UNIT 691116AF,DEPT NEUROL,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 46 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 8 IS 3 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA VB219 UT WOS:A1996VB21900006 PM 8854300 ER PT J AU Foy, DW Madvig, BT Pynoos, RS Camilleri, AJ AF Foy, DW Madvig, BT Pynoos, RS Camilleri, AJ TI Etiologic factors in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL DISASTER; SEXUAL ABUSE; PTSD; SCHOOL; CHILDHOOD; SYMPTOMS; AGE AB This article presents an overview of the literature on potential etiological factors in the development of PTSD in children. An etiological model for PTSD is offered which generates hypotheses for identifying links between exposure to traumatic events and consequent symptoms, as well as testing relationships between expo sure variables and other possible mediating factors. Three possible kinds of interaction between etiologic and mediating variables, leading to different levels of symptoms, are presented. Findings from 25 recent studies examining etiologic factors are considered to form an empirical basis for current knowledge about PTSD in children. Severity of trauma exposure and parental trauma-related distress have consistently produced positive correlations with PTSD symptoms. Length of time since trauma exposure is consistently negatively correlated with PTSD severity. Findings regarding relationships between PTSD risk, age and gender are inconsistent at this time. Other gaps in our current knowledge and understanding are identified, and implications for future clinical and research efforts are discussed. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FULLER THEOL SEMINARY,PASADENA,CA 91101. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Foy, DW (reprint author), PEPPERDINE UNIV,400 CORP POINTE,CULVER CITY,CA 90230, USA. NR 34 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-4405 J9 J SCHOOL PSYCHOL JI J. Sch. Psychol. PD SUM PY 1996 VL 34 IS 2 BP 133 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0022-4405(96)00003-9 PG 13 WC Psychology, Educational SC Psychology GA UL372 UT WOS:A1996UL37200003 ER PT J AU Giurgiu, DIN Karam, JA Madan, AK Roslyn, JJ Abedin, MZ AF Giurgiu, DIN Karam, JA Madan, AK Roslyn, JJ Abedin, MZ TI Apical and basolateral Ca2+ channels modulate cytosolic Ca2+ in gallbladder epithelia SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Academic-Surgery CY NOV 08-11, 1995 CL DEARBORN, MI SP Assoc Acad Surg ID CHOLESTEROL GALLSTONE FORMATION; INCREASED BILIARY CALCIUM; ION-TRANSPORT; CELLS; BILE; CA-2+; ABSORPTION; SECRETION; CARRIERS; MEMBRANE AB Gallstone formation is associated with altered gallbladder (GB) ion transport and increased concentration of GB bile Ca2+. Recent studies show that increased cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+](i)) stimulates GB Cl(-)secretion. However, the mechanism by which extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+](e)) enters the cytosol remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that entry of [Ca2+](e) into cytosol occurs via apical and basolateral membrane Ca2+ channels. Prairie dog GBs were mounted in Ussing chambers, standard electrophysiologic parameters were recorded, and unidirectional Cl- fluxes (J, mu Eq . cm(-2). hr(-1)) were measured using Cl-36 at various mucosal Ca2+ in the absence or presence of mucosal lanthanum (La3+), a non-diffusible Ca2+ channel blocker. Serosal [Ca2+](e) was maintained at trace levels, In the absence of mucosal La3+, short circuit current (Isc) showed a positive correlation with mucosal [Ca2+](e) as represented by a second order polynomial equation (y = 4.1 + 2.5x - 0.73x(2), r = 0.68, P < 0.001). In contrast, unidirectional mucosa to serosa Cl- flux (J(ms)(Cl)) was inversely correlated with [Ca2+](e) (y = 47.9 - 8.7x + 0.9x(2), r = 0.51, P < .05) Addition of 1 mM mucosal La3+ blunted the effects of [Ca2+](e) on electrophysiologic parameters and J(ms)(Cl). However, basolateral repletion with 5 mM Ca2+ reverses the blocking effects of La3+ on J(ms)(Cl). These data suggest that [Ca2+](e) enters the cytosol via apical and basolateral Ca2+ channels. We conclude that GB apical Ca2+ channels may represent a pathway for biliary Ca2+ entry into the cell and therefore may represent an important regulatory pathway for GB ion transport during gallstone formation. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 MED COLL PENN & HAHNEMANN UNIV,DEPT SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 63 IS 1 BP 179 EP 184 DI 10.1006/jsre.1996.0244 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA UU471 UT WOS:A1996UU47100033 PM 8667618 ER PT J AU Schweitzer, M Hershey, JC Asch, DA AF Schweitzer, M Hershey, JC Asch, DA TI Individual choice in spending accounts - Can we rely on employees to choose well? SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE consumer choice; decision making; employee benefits insurance; medical savings accounts ID SAMPLE SELECTION BIAS; SPECIFICATION ERROR; INSURANCE; DECISIONS; FRAMES AB Flexible spending accounts (FSA) represent a current health care financing tool that may become an important component of incremental health care reform. Because FSAs require employees to make financial contributions based on anticipated health care needs, contribution decisions are likely to be subject to many of the errors made in other insurance decisions. The authors analyzed the benefits selections, benefits forms completion, and FSA contribution levels of approximately 9,500 employees of the University of Pennsylvania from 1987 to 1992. Default and repeat choice trends characterize the completion of benefits forms and the reselection of health insurance options by employees. Despite the economic benefits of contributing to an FSA, only 14% of employees contributed in any one year and 73% never made a contribution. Multivariate models of these contributions fail to demonstrate the importance of what ought to be relevant influences in contribution decisions (for example, age, income, family status, or underlying health insurance). Whereas most FSA decisions are characterized by default contributions of $0, employees who contribute in one year are most likely to contribute exactly the same amount the next year, even when other circumstances change. The pervasiveness of these patterns raises concerns that health care reform plans that rely on financial incentives at the consumer level-for example, proposed medical savings accounts-will be inefficient. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV MIAMI,DEPT MANAGEMENT,CORAL GABLES,FL 33124. UNIV PENN,WHARTON SCH,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 6 BP 583 EP 593 DI 10.1097/00005650-199606000-00008 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UQ271 UT WOS:A1996UQ27100008 PM 8656724 ER PT J AU Maki, KC Skorodin, MS Jessen, JH Laghi, F AF Maki, KC Skorodin, MS Jessen, JH Laghi, F TI Effects of oral albuterol on serum lipids and carbohydrate metabolism in healthy men SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; BETA-ADRENERGIC AGONISTS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; INSULIN; SALBUTAMOL; GLUCOSE; CLENBUTEROL; EPINEPHRINE; STIMULATION; STRENGTH AB beta(2)-Selective adrenergic agonists are used in the management of bronchial asthma and preterm labor. Due to their ability to increase muscle strength and size in animal models, new applications for these agents are also being explored for neuromuscular disorders and in rehabilitation. However, the effects of long-term beta(2)-agonist administration on lipoprotein and carbohydrate metabolism are incompletely understood. This investigation evaluated the effects of a beta(2)-agonist, albuterol, on serum lipids and carbohydrate homeostasis in eight healthy nonsmoking men aged 24 to 61 years. Collection of fasting blood samples was completed in duplicate on separate days at baseline, during 14 days of oral albuterol administration (Proventil Repetabs, 8 mg twice daily; Schering Pharmaceuticals, Kenilworth, NJ) and during a 7-day washout period. Carbohydrate homeostasis was evaluated using the minimal model technique at the end of the baseline and albuterol periods. Fasting glucose and insulin, intravenous glucose tolerance, acute insulin response to intravenous glucose (AIRg), insulin sensitivity (Si), and glucose effectiveness (Sg) were not significantly changed during albuterol administration. Significant alterations (P less than or equal to.02) were observed in total cholesterol ([TC] -9.1% +/- 2.5%), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([LDL-C] -15.0% +/- 2.9%), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ([HDL-C] +10.4% +/- 3.2%) concentrations, as well as the TC/HDL-C (-17.4% +/- 2.6%) and LDL-C/HDL-C (-22.9% +/- 2.4%) ratios. During washout, TC and LDL-C returned to baseline levels, whereas HDL-C remained elevated by 5.8% +/- 2.4% (P <.05). Thus, albuterol administration was associated with favorable changes in the serum lipid profile without marked impairment of glucose tolerance or its physiologic determinants. Copyright (C) 1996 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,REHABIL RES & DEV CTR,HINES,IL 60141. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,MED SERV,PULM & CRIT CARE SECT,HINES,IL 60141. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT MED,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. NR 37 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 45 IS 6 BP 712 EP 717 DI 10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90136-5 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UP075 UT WOS:A1996UP07500008 PM 8637445 ER PT J AU Saag, MS Holodniy, M Kuritzkes, DR OBrien, WA Coombs, R Poscher, ME Jacobsen, DM Shaw, GM Richman, DD Volberding, PA AF Saag, MS Holodniy, M Kuritzkes, DR OBrien, WA Coombs, R Poscher, ME Jacobsen, DM Shaw, GM Richman, DD Volberding, PA TI HIV viral load markers in clinical practice SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIRUS; INFECTION; PLASMA C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD,CA 94305. PALO ALTO VET AFFAIRS HLTH CARE SYST,PALO ALTO,CA. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. SAN DIEGO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SAN DIEGO,CA. RP Saag, MS (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,908 20TH ST S,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294, USA. NR 33 TC 406 Z9 413 U1 0 U2 8 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 6 BP 625 EP 629 DI 10.1038/nm0696-625 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UN691 UT WOS:A1996UN69100022 PM 8640545 ER PT J AU McDermott, PA Alterman, AI Brown, L Zaballero, A Snider, EC McKay, JR AF McDermott, PA Alterman, AI Brown, L Zaballero, A Snider, EC McKay, JR TI Construct refinement and confirmation for the addiction severity index SO PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID SAMPLE-SIZE; RELIABILITY; VALIDITY; PERSONALITY; STABILITY; MODELS AB A series of analyses reconstruct and confirm the validity and reliability of hypothesized scales for the Addiction Severity Index. Using a diverse sample (N = 990 ) of methadone maintenance substance abuse patients, a multistage scaling strategy was applied to identify 7 psychometrically integral addiction problem scales. Exploratory item analyses, confirmatory oblique item clustering, and 2nd-order factor analysis verified that the scales comprised relatively little common variance and that each retained a substantial amount of unique and reliable variance. Concurrent and predictive validity were supported with a sample of 244 methadone patients assessed throughout treatment. The advantages of the new scales are discussed, including provision of computer code for calculating normalized standard scores for use in clinical practice and treatment outcome research. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. ADDICT RES & TREATMENT CORP,BROOKLYN,NY. RP McDermott, PA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,GRAD SCH EDUC,3700 WALNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 38 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 1040-3590 J9 PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT JI Psychol. Assess. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 8 IS 2 BP 182 EP 189 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA UT983 UT WOS:A1996UT98300010 ER PT J AU Hisnanick, JJ Gujral, SS AF Hisnanick, JJ Gujral, SS TI Veterans' health insurance status and their use of VA medical facilities: A joint-choice analysis SO SOCIAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSION; HOSPITALS; MORBIDITY; CARE AB Objective. The aging of the veteran population and proposed changes in how medical care will be (publicly) financed for the elderly, disabled, and poor prompted this study of those factors that most likely influence a veteran to have health insurance and to use a VA facility. Methods. By analyzing data from the third Survey of Veterans (SOV III) under a bivariate probit specification, the joint-choice behavior of the probability of veterans having health insurance and their using a VA facility for care was assessed. Results. A veteran's decision to use a VA facility is largely dependent upon whether the individual has some type of health insurance coverage. A simple simulation high lights the impact of veterans' disability status relative to their household income, in terms of their probabilities of having health insurance and using a VA facility. Conclusions. Dramatic changes are being proposed in how health care is provided to vulnerable populations. Such changes could increase the demand for VA care, given that veterans with low incomes and disabilities have a greater propensity to use VA. The findings from this study could provide a baseline on the potential increased usage of VA. RP Hisnanick, JJ (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,NVCAS 008C13,810 VERMONT AVE NW,WASHINGTON,DC 20420, USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU UNIV TEXAS PRESS PI AUSTIN PA BOX 7819, AUSTIN, TX 78713-7819 SN 0038-4941 J9 SOC SCI QUART JI Soc. Sci. Q. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 77 IS 2 BP 393 EP 406 PG 14 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA VL357 UT WOS:A1996VL35700014 ER PT J AU Bradshaw, PO Nelson, AG Fanton, JW Yates, T KaganHallet, KS AF Bradshaw, PO Nelson, AG Fanton, JW Yates, T KaganHallet, KS TI Effect of hyperbaric oxygenation on peripheral nerve regeneration in adult male rabbits SO UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hyperbaric oxygenation; nerve regeneration; nerve crush injury ID INJURY; FIBERS AB Oxygen environments were used to study the regenerative effects of hyperbaric oxygen on crushed sciatic nerves in 30 adult male rabbits. Six different oxygen environments were used, and treatments were initiated 4 days post injury. Transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy were used to evaluate the regenerative morphology of crushed nerves. The morphology of crushed nerves after 7 wk of treatment with compressed oxygen at 202, 242, and 303 kPa resembled normal uncrushed nerves, with nerve fibers uniformly distributed throughout the section. The treatment groups receiving 202 kPa compressed air, 100% normobaric oxygen, or ambient air did not display morphologies similar to normal uncrushed nerve. The nerves in these animals were edematous and contained disarrayed nerve fibers. Myelination in the animals receiving 100% O-2 at high pressures resembled undamaged nerves. Collagen and blood vessels were more evident in the lower pressure/oxygen tension treatments than in the animals receiving 100% O-2 at higher pressures. The neurofilamentous material inside the crushed control axons was dense, whereas in the axons of animals treated with compressed O-2 it was loosely packed. These differences in morphology suggest that treatments consisting of 100% O-2, under pressure can accelerate a peripheral nerve's recovery from a crush injury. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT KINESIOL,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT NEUROPATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Bradshaw, PO (reprint author), USAF,SCH AEROSP MED,BROOKS AFB,TX 78235, USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 3 PU UNDERSEA & HYPERBARIC MEDICAL SOC INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1066-2936 J9 UNDERSEA HYPERBAR M JI Undersea Hyperb. Med. PD JUN PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 107 EP 113 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UY285 UT WOS:A1996UY28500006 PM 8840479 ER PT J AU Anzueto, A Baughman, RP Guntupalli, KK Weg, JG Wiedemann, HP Raventos, AA Lemaire, F Long, W Zaccardelli, DS Pattishall, EN AF Anzueto, A Baughman, RP Guntupalli, KK Weg, JG Wiedemann, HP Raventos, AA Lemaire, F Long, W Zaccardelli, DS Pattishall, EN TI Aerosolized surfactant in adults with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; SYNTHETIC SURFACTANT; SURVIVAL AB Background. Patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have a deficiency of surfactant, Surfactant replacement improves physiologic function in such patients, and preliminary data suggest that it may improve survival. Methods. We conducted a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 725 patients with sepsis-induced ARDS. Patients were stratified according to the risk of death at base line (indicated by their score on the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation [APACHE III] index) and randomly assigned to receive either continuously administered synthetic surfactant (13.5 mg of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine per milliliter; 364 patients) or placebo (0.45 percent saline; 361 patients) in aerosolized form for up to five days. Results. The demographic and physiologic characteristics of the two treatment groups were similar at base line, The mean (+/-SD) age was 50+/-17 years in the surfactant group and 53+/-18 years in the placebo group, and the mean APACHE III scores at randomization were 70.4+/-25 and 70.5+/-25, respectively, Hemodynamic measures, measures of oxygenation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of stay in the intensive care unit did not differ significantly in the two groups. Survival at 30 days was 60 percent for both groups, Survival was similar in the groups when analyzed according to APACHE III score, cause of death, time of onset and severity of ARDS, presence or absence of documented sepsis, underlying disease, whether or not there was a do-not-resuscitate order, and medical center. Increased secretions were significantly more frequent in the surfactant group; the rates of other complications were similar in the two groups. Conclusions. The continuous administration of aerosolized synthetic surfactant to patients with sepsis-induced ARDS had no significant effect on 30-day survival, length of stay in the intensive care unit, duration of mechanical ventilation, or physiologic function. (C) 1996, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. OHIO UNIV,CINCINNATI,OH. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. UNIV MICHIGAN,MED CTR,ANN ARBOR,MI. CLEVELAND CLIN,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CONSORCI HOSP PARC TAVLI,SABADELL,SPAIN. HENRI MONDOR HOSP,PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. GLAXO WELLCOME,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC. RP Anzueto, A (reprint author), S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP DIV,PULM DIS SECT 111E,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Wiedemann, Herbert/0000-0002-4587-4401 NR 36 TC 348 Z9 366 U1 0 U2 7 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 30 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 22 BP 1417 EP 1421 DI 10.1056/NEJM199605303342201 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UM493 UT WOS:A1996UM49300001 PM 8618579 ER PT J AU Asch, DA AF Asch, DA TI The role of critical care nurses in euthanasia and assisted suicide SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VOLUNTARY EUTHANASIA; ATTITUDES AB Background. Euthanasia and assisted suicide have received considerable attention recently in medical literature, public discussion, and proposed state legislation. Almost all the discussion in this area has focused on the role of physicians. However, nurses - especially critical care nurses - may be in a special position to understand the wishes of patients and to act on this understanding. Methods. I mailed a survey to 1600 critical care nurses in the United States, asking them to describe anonymously any requests from patients, family members or others acting for patients (surrogates), or physicians to perform euthanasia or assisted suicide, as well as their own practices. Results. Of the 1139 nurses who responded (71 percent), 852 said they practiced exclusively in intensive care units for adults in the United States. Of these 852 nurses, 141 (17 percent) reported that they had received requests from patients or family members to perform euthanasia or assist in suicide; 129 (16 percent of those for whom data were available) reported that they had engaged in such practices; and an additional 35 (4 percent) reported that they had hastened a patient's death by only pretending to provide life-sustaining treatment ordered by a physician. Some nurses reported engaging in these practices without the request or advance knowledge of physicians or others. The method of euthanasia most commonly described was the administration of a high dose of an opiate to a terminally ill patient. Conclusions. As public debate continues about euthanasia and assisted suicide, some critical care nurses in the United States are engaging in such practices. (C) 1995, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,CTR BIOETH,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 27 TC 160 Z9 164 U1 2 U2 4 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 23 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 21 BP 1374 EP 1379 DI 10.1056/NEJM199605233342106 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UL251 UT WOS:A1996UL25100006 PM 8614424 ER PT J AU Kawashima, I Zanjani, ED AlmaidaPorada, G Flake, AW Zeng, HQ Ogawa, M AF Kawashima, I Zanjani, ED AlmaidaPorada, G Flake, AW Zeng, HQ Ogawa, M TI CD34(+) human marrow cells that express low levels of Kit protein are enriched for long-term marrow-engrafting cells SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; HUMAN BONE-MARROW; PROGENITOR CELLS; BLAST CELL; C-KIT; INUTERO; TRANSPLANTATION AB Using in utero transplantation into fetal sheep, we examined the capability of human bone marrow CD34(+) cells fractionated based on Kit protein expression to provide long-term in vivo engraftment. Twelve hundred to 5,000 CD34(+) Kit(-), CD34(+) Kit(low), and CD34(+) Kit(high) cells were injected into a total of 14 preimmune fetal sheep recipients using the amniotic bubble technique. Six fetuses were killed in utero 1.5 months after bone marrow cell transplantation. Two fetuses receiving CD34(+) Kit(low) cells showed signs of engraftment according to analysis of CD45(+) cells in their bone marrow cells and karyotype studies of the colonies grown in methylcellulose culture. In contrast, two fetuses receiving CD34(+) Kit(high) cells and two fetuses receiving CD34(+) Kit(-) cells failed to wshow evidence of significant engraftment. Two fetuses were absorbed. A total of six fetuses receiving different cell populations were allowed to proceed to term, and the newborn sheep were serially examined for the presence of chimerism. Again, only the two sheep receiving CD34(+) Kit(low) cells exhibited signs of engraftment upon serial examination, Earlier, in studies of murine hematopoiesis, we have shown stage-specific changes in Kit expression by the progenitors. The studies of human cells reported here are in agreement with observations in mice, and indicate that human hematopoietic stem cells are enriched in the Kit(low) population. (C) 1996 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. UNIV NEVADA,SCH MED,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RENO,NV 89557. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL52955]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294, DK/HL48714] NR 22 TC 114 Z9 116 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAY 15 PY 1996 VL 87 IS 10 BP 4136 EP 4142 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA UK879 UT WOS:A1996UK87900014 PM 8639771 ER PT J AU Sternini, C Su, D Arakawa, J DeGiorgio, R Rickman, DW Davis, BM Albers, KM Brecha, NC AF Sternini, C Su, D Arakawa, J DeGiorgio, R Rickman, DW Davis, BM Albers, KM Brecha, NC TI Cellular localization of Pan-trk immunoreactivity and trk(c) mRNA in the enteric nervous system SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE nerve growth factor; brain-derived neurotrophic factor; neurotrophin-3; tyrosine kinase receptor; gastrointestinal tract ID TYROSINE PROTEIN-KINASE; ADULT SENSORY NEURONS; GROWTH-FACTOR FAMILY; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; NEURAL CREST; MESSENGER-RNA; SUBSTANCE-P; RAT TRKC; PEPTIDE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; PROTOONCOGENE PRODUCT AB The members of the trk family of tyrosine receptor kinases, trk(A), trk(B), and trk(C), are the functional receptors for neurotrophins, a family of related neurotrophic factors. In this study, we investigated 1) the distribution of neurotrophin receptors in the developing and adult rat digestive tract with a pan-trk antibody that recognizes all known trks and 2) the cellular localization of trk-encoding mRNAs in the adult gut with single-stranded RNA probes specific for trh(A), trk(B), and trk(C). In the developing myenteric plexus, trk. immunoreactivity was present at embryonic day (ED) 14. Cells and fibers immunoreactive for trk could be visualized in the myenteric plexus at ED 16. At this age, dense staining was found in thick bundles of fibers in proximity to the myenteric plexus in the longitudinal muscle and in association with blood vessels in the mesentery. At ED 18, trk immunoreactivity was also seen in thin processes running from the myenteric plexus into the circular muscle, and in fibers and cells in intrapancreatic ganglia. By ED 20, immunoreactive staining was quite dense in both the myenteric and submucosal plexuses. At birth, virtually all enteric ganglia displayed strong trk immunoreactivity; the intensity of the staining at this age made it difficult to discern individual cells. During postnatal development, there was a decrease in cell body staining and an increase in the density of trk-containing fibers that became widely distributed to the gut wall and pancreas. The adult pattern of trk immunoreactivity was established between postnatal days 5 and 10. In adults, trk immunoreactivity was found in numerous enteric and intrapancreatic ganglion cells and in dense networks of fibers innervating all the layers of the gut, the pancreas, and vasculature. The trk(C) mRNA was expressed in adult enteric ganglion cells of both the myenteric and submucous plexus. By contrast, the trk(A) and trk(B) mRNAs could not be detected in enteric ganglia. Al three trk mRNAs were expressed in dorsal root ganglia, which were used as positive controls. The density and wide distribution of trk immunoreactivity together with its persistence in adulthood support the concept that neurotrophins play a broad role in the digestive system from development through adult Life, perhaps being involved in differentiation, phenotypic expression, and tissue maintenance. The presence of trk(C) mRNA in enteric neurons along with recent evidence that neurotrophin-3 plays a role in the development of the enteric nervous system suggest that trk(C) and neurotrophin-3 are a major neurotrophin system in the gastrointestinal tract. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,CURE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST BRAIN RES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV KENTUCKY,MED CTR,DEPT ANAT & NEUROBIOL,LEXINGTON,KY 40536. UNIV KENTUCKY,MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,LEXINGTON,KY 40536. RP Sternini, C (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,CURE,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 115,ROOM 203,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. OI De Giorgio, Roberto/0000-0003-0867-5873; Albers, Kathryn/0000-0003-4597-9323; Davis, Brian/0000-0002-4646-0569 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41301]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS 31826] NR 65 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD MAY 13 PY 1996 VL 368 IS 4 BP 597 EP 607 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA UH853 UT WOS:A1996UH85300010 PM 8744446 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA DeKay, ML Baron, J Asch, DA AF Ubel, PA DeKay, ML Baron, J Asch, DA TI Cost-effectiveness analysis in a setting of budget constraints - Is it equitable? SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE PRIORITIES; OREGON AB Background. One of the promises of cost-effectiveness analysis is that it can demonstrate how to maximize health benefits attainable within a specific limited budget. Many people argue, however, that when there are budget limitations, the use of cost-effectiveness analysis leads to health care policies that are inequitable. Methods. We asked prospective jurors, medical ethicists, and experts in medical decision making to choose between two screening tests for a population at low risk for colon cancer. One test was more cost effective than the other but because of budget constraints was too expensive to be given to everyone in the population. With the use of the more effective test for only half the population, 1100 lives could be saved at the same cost as that of saving 1000 lives with the use of the less effective test for the entire population. Results. Fifty-six percent of the prospective jurors, 53 percent of the medical ethicists, and 41 percent of the experts in medical decision making recommended offering the less effective screening test to everyone, even though 100 more lives would have been saved by offering the more expensive test to only a portion of the population, Most of the study participants justified this recommendation on the basis of equity, A smaller number stated either that it was not politically feasible to offer a test to only half the population or that the additional benefit of the more expensive test (100 more lives saved) was too small to justify offering it to only a portion of the public. Conclusions. People place greater importance on equity than is reflected by cost-effectiveness analysis, Even many experts in medical decision making - those often responsible for conducting cost-effectiveness analyses - expressed discomfort with some of its implications, Basing health care priorities on cost effectiveness may not be possible without incorporating explicit considerations of equity into cost-effectiveness analyses or the process used to develop health care policies on the basis of such analyses. (C) 1996, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,WHARTON SCH,DEPT OPERAT & INFORMAT MANAGEMENT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,CTR BIOETH,3401 MKT ST,SUITE 320,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 21 TC 127 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 3 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAY 2 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 18 BP 1174 EP 1177 DI 10.1056/NEJM199605023341807 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UG831 UT WOS:A1996UG83100007 PM 8602185 ER PT J AU Shoptaw, S Jarvik, ME Ling, W Rawson, RA AF Shoptaw, S Jarvik, ME Ling, W Rawson, RA TI Contingency management for tobacco smoking in methadone-maintained opiate addicts SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article ID MAINTENANCE AB Seventeen methadone-maintained cigarette smokers received 4 weeks of contingency management (CM) as a stop-smoking intervention. Results indicated that CM patients significantly reduced breath CO levels from baseline to completion of treatment and that 23.4% of patients maintained 1 week or more of continued smoking abstinence. Results indicated a link between smoking abstinence and reduced cocaine use, although not reduced opiate use, which raised questions about possible shared biological and psychological mechanisms for tobacco and cocaine use. C1 LOS ANGELES ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. OI Shoptaw, Steven/0000-0002-3583-0026 NR 7 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD MAY-JUN PY 1996 VL 21 IS 3 BP 409 EP 412 DI 10.1016/0306-4603(95)00066-6 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA UL906 UT WOS:A1996UL90600012 PM 8883490 ER PT J AU Jannsen, RK Murphy, CM Kendzierski, DL Brown, DH Carter, BL Furmaga, EM Schoen, MD Woker, DR AF Jannsen, RK Murphy, CM Kendzierski, DL Brown, DH Carter, BL Furmaga, EM Schoen, MD Woker, DR TI Ambulatory care certificate program for pharmacists SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article DE ambulatory care; certification; curriculum; department of veterans affairs; education, pharmaceutical; military; pharmaceutical care; pharmacists; United States Navy AB An ambulatory care certificate program tailored to meet the educational needs of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and Navy pharmacists is described. In 1992, the College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, worked with the VA and the Navy to design an ambulatory care certificate program for pharmacists in VA and Navy hospitals. The pilot course consisted of 103 hours of didactic and experiential education. The 10 didactic modules covered both disease manage ment and clinical skills. The experiential component incorporated pharmaceutical care steps as applied to therapeutic areas taught in the course. Although the pilot course met most of the original objectives, several unanticipated problems emerged, including distance learning issues, the number of hours for completing the course requirements, learner variance, the impact of institutional support on participants' academic success, participants' difficulty in assimilating education into practice, and difficulty with the clinical evaluation tool developed for the course. The course was modified over the next year to address these problems. Now in its fourth year, the course is offered nationally to the VA and the Department of Defense. In the first three years, 72 of 99 enrolled pharmacists completed the course. An ambulatory care certificate program helps Navy and TIA pharmacists develop patient care skills. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,PHARM SERV 119,HINES,IL 60141. VET AFFAIRS W SIDE MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,DIV CLIN PHARM,HINES,IL 60141. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARM PRACTICE,CHICAGO,IL 60680. UNIV ILLINOIS,ACAD PROGRAMS SECT,CHICAGO,IL 60680. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL PHARM,DEPT PHARM PRACTICE & MED,CHICAGO,IL 60680. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD MAY 1 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 9 BP 1018 EP 1023 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UJ488 UT WOS:A1996UJ48800015 PM 8744463 ER PT J AU Eisinger, DB Kumar, R Woodrow, R AF Eisinger, DB Kumar, R Woodrow, R TI Effect of lumbar orthotics on trunk muscle strength SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE back pain; lumbar corsets; back braces; trunk weakness AB Weakening of the trunk muscles is thought to be one disadvantage of prolonged lumbar orthotic use. This study examines weakness of the trunk flexor and extensor muscles in patients who are wearing lumbar orthotics for extended periods. Strength of the trunk flexor and trunk extensor muscles was tested in 24 individuals, using the Kinetic computer. Both concentric and eccentric forces were recorded. Pour groups of patients were studied. Group 1 (n = 6) consisted of patients with low back pain who had used a lumbar orthotic for a prolonged period of time. Group 2 (n = 6) consisted of hospital employees with no history of low back pain, who wore lumbar orthotics prophylactically, for back protection. Group 1C (n = 6) consisted of healthy controls, with no history of either back pain or lumbar orthotic use, who were individually age- and gender-matched to each patient in Group 1. Group 2C (n = 6) consisted of healthy controls matched in the same fashion to each patient in Group 2. After consultation with a statistician, statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon's test. Nonparametric statistics were chosen because of the lack of evidence of a normal distribution of the parameters being studied. This analysis revealed significant weakness in concentric flexion (P = 0.0464), concentric extension (P = 0.0277), and eccentric extension (P = 0.0464) in Group 1 compared with matched controls in Group 1C. The only significant weakness compared with controls in Group 2 was in eccentric flexion (P = 0.0277). Trends were toward weakness in the orthotic users for the other motions studied, with a P value of less than 0.1 for eccentric extension. Prolonged use of lumbar orthotics may be associated with trunk muscle weakness in the population studied. Prescribers should continue to limit duration of use when possible and to consider strengthening exercises when prolonged use is anticipated. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MULTICAMPUS PHYS MED & REHABIL RESIDENCY PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Eisinger, DB (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY-JUN PY 1996 VL 75 IS 3 BP 194 EP 197 DI 10.1097/00002060-199605000-00008 PG 4 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA UT068 UT WOS:A1996UT06800006 PM 8663926 ER PT J AU Loo, DDF Sachs, G Prinz, C AF Loo, DDF Sachs, G Prinz, C TI Potassium and chloride currents in rat gastric enterochromaffin-like cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exocytosis; acid secretion ID BOVINE CHROMAFFIN CELLS; PERITONEAL MAST-CELLS; ACID-SECRETION; HISTAMINE-RELEASE; ENDOCRINE-CELLS; OXYNTIC CELL; PATCH-CLAMP; K+ CHANNELS; CALCIUM; CONDUCTANCE AB The gastric enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cell secretes histamine in response to secretagogues (gastrin, acetylcholine) by calcium signaling-dependent exocytosis of intracellular vacuoles containing the hormone. ECL cells were isolated from rat fundic gastric mucosa by elutriation and density-gradient centrifugation. Currents across the plasma membrane were measured using whole cell patch-clamp methods. These cells had a low conductance of 0.5 nS and resting potential of -50 mV. Depolarization activated a K+ current that was blocked by Ba2+. Steady-state current in absence of K+ was due to Cl- because of the magnitude of the reversal potential and the effects of Cl- removal. Stimulation of secretion by gastrin, cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8), and the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate activated the Cl- conductance with a time course similar to that of histamine release. Therefore the ECL cell maintains a high resting potential, largely due to K+ currents, and stimulation of secretion activates a Cl- current, perhaps deriving from the membrane of the secretory granule that fuses with the plasma membrane. The depolarization that ensues may activate the K+ current to maintain the membrane potential during exocytosis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PHYSIOL, CTR HLTH SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90095 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, CTR DIGEST DIS, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 270 IS 5 BP G739 EP G745 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA UK342 UT WOS:A1996UK34200001 ER PT J AU Asch, DA Hershey, JC Pauly, MV Patton, JP Jedrziewski, MK Mennuti, MT AF Asch, DA Hershey, JC Pauly, MV Patton, JP Jedrziewski, MK Mennuti, MT TI Genetic screening for reproductive planning: Methodological and conceptual issues in policy analysis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; PROGNOSTIC INFORMATION; TESTS; ATTITUDES; PROGRAM AB Objectives, This paper explores several critical assumptions and methodological issues arising in cost-effectiveness analyses of genetic screening strategies in the reproductive setting. Methods. Seven issues that arose in the development of a decision analysis of alternative strategies for cystic fibrosis carrier screening are discussed. Each of these issues required a choice in technique. Results, The presentations of these analyses frequently mask underlying assumptions and methodological choices. Often there is no best choice. In the case of genetic screening in the reproductive setting, these underlying issues often touch on deeply felt human values. Conclusions. Space limitations for published papers often preclude explaining such choices in detail; yet these decisions determine the way the results should be interpreted. Those who develop these analyses need to make sure that the implications of important assumptions are understood by the clinicians who will use them. At the same time, clinicians need to enhance their understanding of what these models truly mean and how they address underlying clinical, ethical, and economic issues. C1 UNIV PENN, SCH MED, DIV GEN INTERNAL MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, SCH MED, CTR BIOETH, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, WHARTON SCH, DEPT HLTH CARE SYST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, WHARTON SCH, DEPT OPERAT & INFORMAT MANAGEMENT, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, SCH MED, DEPT OBSTET & GYNECOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIV GEN INTERNAL MED, 317 RALSTON PENN CTR, 3615 CHESTNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1-R011HG00616, 1-R011HG00621] NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAY PY 1996 VL 86 IS 5 BP 684 EP 690 DI 10.2105/AJPH.86.5.684 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UK290 UT WOS:A1996UK29000016 PM 8629720 ER PT J AU Owens, DK Holodniy, M Garber, AM Scott, J Sonnad, S Moses, L Kinosian, B Schwartz, JS AF Owens, DK Holodniy, M Garber, AM Scott, J Sonnad, S Moses, L Kinosian, B Schwartz, JS TI Polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of HIV infection in adults - A meta-analysis with recommendations for clinical practice and study design SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE human immunodeficiency virus; human immunodeficiency virus infections; polymerase chain reaction; meta-analysis; sensitivity and specificity ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; SERONEGATIVE HOMOSEXUAL MEN; INTRAVENOUS-DRUG-USERS; AT-RISK INDIVIDUALS; AMPLIFIED VIRAL-DNA; TYPE-1 INFECTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; PROVIRAL DNA; GENE AMPLIFICATION AB Purpose: To do a meta-analysis of studies that have evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the diagnosis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adults. Evaluating the performance of PCR is difficult because in certain clinical situations, the sensitivity or specificity of PCR may exceed those of the current reference standard tests (enzyme immunoassay followed by confirmatory Western blot analysis). Therefore, an additional goal was to develop recommendations for 1) the design of future evaluative studies of PCR and 2) the use of PCR in persons with suspected HIV infection. Data Sources: Studies published between 1988 and 1994 that were identified in a search of 17 computer databases, including MEDLINE, and abstracts identified from conference proceedings. Study Selection: Studies were included if DNA amplification by PCR was done on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from adults. Ninety-six studies met the inclusion criteria. Data Extraction: Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Study design was assessed independently by two investigators blinded to study results. Results: Reported sensitivities for PCR range from 10% to 100%, and specificities range from 40% to 100%. A summary receiver-operating characteristic curve based on all 96 studies has a maximum joint sensitivity and specificity (upper left point on the curve, where sensitivity equals specificity) of 97.0% to 98.1%. If the threshold value that defines a positive PCR result is chosen so that sensitivity is higher than 98.1%, specificity will decrease to less than 98.1%. Conversely, if the threshold value that defines a positive PCR result is chosen so that specificity is greater than 98.1%, sensitivity will decrease to less than 98.1%. If sensitivity and specificity are chosen to be equal, the corresponding false-positive rate is 1.9% to 3.0%. At the maximum joint sensitivity and specificity, the positive predictive value of PCR ranges from 34% to 85% as the prevalence of HIV increases from 1.0% to 10%. We identified seven areas in which study design could be modified to 1) reduce susceptibility to bias in estimates of the sensitivity and specificity of PCR and 2) to increase the generalizability of the study results. These modifications will also help to overcome methodologic problems created by the lack of a reference standard test. Conclusions: The PCR assay is not sufficiently accurate to be used for the diagnosis of HIV infection without confirmation. Use of PCR for the diagnosis of HIV in adults should be limited to situations in which antibody tests are known to be insufficient. Future studies of PCR performance should be sufficiently large and should use adequate reference standard tests and standardized methods for the performance of PCR. Specimens should be evaluated by persons blinded to clinical status and to the results of other diagnostic tests for HIV infection. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT HLTH RES & POLICY,STANFORD,CA 94305. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Owens, DK (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PALO ALTO HLTH CARE SYST,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT 111A,3801 MIRANDA AVE,PALO ALTO,CA 94304, USA. RI Garber, Alan/F-1476-2010 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI27762-04]; PHS HHS [IIR91-044.A] NR 124 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 1 PY 1996 VL 124 IS 9 BP 803 EP & PG 14 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UG254 UT WOS:A1996UG25400004 PM 8610949 ER PT J AU Barchiesi, F Najvar, LK Luther, MF Scalise, G Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR AF Barchiesi, F Najvar, LK Luther, MF Scalise, G Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR TI Variation in fluconazole efficacy for Candida albicans strains sequentially isolated from oral cavities of patients with AIDS in an experimental murine candidiasis model SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; HIV AB Four strains of Candida albicans, isolated from two patients with AIDS who had undergone prolonged fluconazole therapy for oral candidiasis, were studied in a model of disseminated murine candidiasis. Pre- and posttreatment isolates from each patient were genetically related, and the fluconazole MICs for the strains had increased significantly, from 0.25 to 32 mu g/ml for the strains isolated from patient 1 and from 1.0 to 16 mu g/ml for the strains isolated from patient 2. Mice were infected intravenously and were treated orally with fluconazole. For survival studies, mice were treated from day 1 to day 10 postinfection and were observed through day 30. The fluconazole dosages were as follows: 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mg/kg of body weight twice a day. For tissue burden studies, two groups of mice (each group received fluconazole at 0.25 or 5.0 mg/kg) were treated from day 1 to day 7 and were sacrificed 1 day later for quantitative tissue cultures of the spleen and both kidneys. For pretreatment isolates from both patients, all fluconazole dosing regimens were effective at prolonging survival compared with the survival of the control groups. For posttreatment isolates, only fluconazole at 5.0 mg/kg was effective at prolonging survival. Both fluconazole dosing regimens used in the tissue burden studies significantly reduced the counts of the pretreatment isolate from patient 1 in the spleen and kidney, while fluconazole at 5.0 mg/kg was effective at reducing the counts of the posttreatment isolate, For both isolates from patient 2, only fluconazole at 5.0 mg/kg was effective at reducing the counts in the spleen and kidney. The study indicates that C. albicans mutation to resistance to fluconazole may play a critical role in fluconazole-refractory oral candidiasis in AIDS patients. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Barchiesi, F (reprint author), UNIV ANCONA,OSPED UMBERTO 1,IST MALATTIE INFETT & MED PUBBL,LARGO CAPPELLI 1,I-60121 ANCONA,ITALY. NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1317 EP 1320 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UJ076 UT WOS:A1996UJ07600054 PM 8723495 ER PT J AU Ling, W Wesson, DR Charuvastra, C Klett, CJ AF Ling, W Wesson, DR Charuvastra, C Klett, CJ TI A controlled trial comparing buprenorphine and methadone maintenance in opioid dependence SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID HEROIN-ADDICTS; FOLLOW-UP; ABUSE AB Background: Buprenorphine is a partial agonist at the mu-opioid receptor that has been proposed as an alternative to traditional full agonist maintenance therapy for the treatment of opioid addiction. We report on a clinical trial in which the relative safety and efficacy of long-term fixed-dose buprenorphine maintenance was examined in comparison to low- and high-dose methadone maintenance. Methods: Two hundred twenty-five treatment-seeking opioid addicts (46 women, 179 men) were randomly assigned to receive, in a double-blind manner, either 8 mg/d of buprenorphine, 30 mg/d of methadone, or 80 mg/d of methadone maintenance over a 1-year period. Objective and subjective measures of efficacy (urine toxicology, retention, craving, and withdrawal symptoms) were examined at the study midpoint and at termination, and safety data were tabulated over the entire 52-week study period. Results: Patients assigned to high-dose methadone maintenance performed significantly better on measures of retention, opioid use, and opioid craving than either the low-dose methadone or the buprenorphine group at both 26-week and 52-week time points. Performance on these measures was virtually identical between the latter two groups. No serious adverse health effects attributable to buprenorphine were noted. Conclusions: Buprenorphine maintenance at 8 mg/d appears to be less than optimally efficacious under the conditions of the present study. Continued research is needed to reconcile these findings with the more positive results reported by other investigative groups. There are no apparent health risks associated with long-term buprenorphine maintenance at this dosage. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BIOBEHAV SCI SUBST ABUSE PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SUBST ABUSE TREATMENT PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. SUMMIT MED CTR,MPI TREATMENT SERV,OAKLAND,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. RP Ling, W (reprint author), LOS ANGELES ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,10350 SANTA MONICA BLVD,STE 340,LOS ANGELES,CA 90025, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R18 DA6082] NR 30 TC 260 Z9 262 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD MAY PY 1996 VL 53 IS 5 BP 401 EP 407 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UJ819 UT WOS:A1996UJ81900003 PM 8624183 ER PT J AU Gue, M Junien, JL Reeve, JR Rivier, J Grandt, D Tache, Y AF Gue, M Junien, JL Reeve, JR Rivier, J Grandt, D Tache, Y TI Reversal by NPY, PYY and 3-36 molecular forms of NPY and PYY of intracisternal CRF-induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion in rats SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neuropeptide Y (NPY); peptide YY (PYY); sigma receptor; corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF); gastric acid secretion; central nervous system; pentagastrin ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; SIGMA-RECEPTORS; AUTORADIOGRAPHIC LOCALIZATION; PEPTIDE-YY; BRAIN-STEM; JO-1784; LIGAND; STRESS AB 1 The Y receptor subtype involved in the antagonism by neuropeptide Y (NPY) of intracisternal corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced inhibition of gastric acid secretion was studied in urethane-anaesthetized rats by use of peptides with various selectivity for Y-1, Y-2 and Y-3 subtypes: NPY, a Y-1, Y-2 and Y-3 agonist, peptide YY (PYY), a Y-1 and Y-2 agonist, [Leu(31), Pro(34)]-NPY, a Y-1 and Y-3 agonist, NPY(3-36) and PYY(3-36), highly selective Y-2 agonists and NPY(13-36) a weak Y-2 and Y-3 agonist. Peptides were injected intracisternally 10 min before intracisternal injection of CRF (10 mu g) and gastric acid secretion was measured by the flushed technique for 1 h before and 2 h after pentagastrin-(10 mu g kg(-1) h(-1), i.v.) infusion which started 10 min after CRF injection. 2 Intracisternal injection of CRF (10 mu g) inhibited by 56% gastric acid secretion stimulated by pentagastrin. Intracisternal injection of NPY and PYY (0.1-0.5 mu g) did not influence the acid response to pentagastrin but blocked CRF-induced inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion. NPY(3-36) (0.5 mu g) and PYY(3-36) (0.25 and 0.5 mu g) also completely blocked the inhibitory action of CRF on pentagastrin-stimulated acid secretion. 3 [Leu(31), Pro(34)]-NPY (0.5-5 mu g) and NPY(13-36) (0.5-5 mu g) injected intracisternally did not modify gastric acid secretion induced by pentagastrin or CRF inhibitory action. 4 The sigma antagonist, BMY 14802 (1 mg kg(-1) s.c.) did not influence the acid response to pentagastrin but prevented the antagonism by PW(3-36) (0.5 mu g) of the CRF antisecretory effect. 5 These results show that both PYY and NPY and the 3-36 forms of PYY and NPY are equipotent in blocking central CRF-induced inhibition of pentagastrin-stimulated gastric acid secretion. The structure activity profile suggests a mediation through Y-2 receptor subtype and the involvement of sigma binding sites. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. JOUVEINAL RES INST,F-94260 FRESNES,FRANCE. SALK INST BIOL STUDIES,CLAYTON FDN LABS PEPTIDE BIOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. UNIV ESSEN GESAMTHSCH,DIV GASTROENTEROL,ESSEN,GERMANY. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK-33601]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0007-1188 J9 BRIT J PHARMACOL JI Br. J. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 118 IS 2 BP 237 EP 242 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UL745 UT WOS:A1996UL74500007 PM 8735621 ER PT J AU Schatzkin, A Lanza, E Freedman, LS Tangrea, J Cooper, MR Marshall, JR Murphy, PA Selby, JV Shike, M Schade, RR Burt, W Kikendall, JW Cahill, J AF Schatzkin, A Lanza, E Freedman, LS Tangrea, J Cooper, MR Marshall, JR Murphy, PA Selby, JV Shike, M Schade, RR Burt, W Kikendall, JW Cahill, J TI The Polyp Prevention Trial I: Rationale, design, recruitment, and baseline participant characteristics SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID COLON CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; DIETARY FIBER; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; ADENOMATOUS POLYPS; UNITED-STATES; RISK; CARCINOGENESIS; SURVEILLANCE; MORTALITY AB The Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT) is a multicenter randomized controlled trial examining the effect of a low-fat (20% of total energy intake), high-fiber (18 g/1000 kcal), high-vegetable and -fruit (5-8 daily servings) dietary pattern on the recurrence of adenomatous polyps of the large bowel, precursors of most colorectal malignancies. Eligibility criteria include one or more adenomas removed within 6 months of randomization; complete nonsurgical polyp removal and complete colonic examination to the cecum at the qualifying colonoscopy; age 35 years or more; no history of colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or large bowel resection; and satisfactory completion of a food frequency questionnaire and 4-day food record. Of approximately 38,277 potential participants with one or more polyps recently resected, investigators at eight clinical centers randomized 2,079 (5.4%; 1,037 in the intervention and 1,042 in the control arm) between June 1991 and January 1994, making the PPT the largest adenoma recurrence trial ever conducted. Of PPT participants, 35% are women and 10% are minorities. At study entry, participants averaged 61.4 Sears of age; 14% of them smoked, and 22% used aspirin. At the baseline colonoscopy, 35% of participants had two or more adenomas, and 29% had at least one large (greater than or equal to 1 cm) adenoma. Demographic, behavioral, dietary, and clinical characteristics are comparable across the two study arms. Participants have repeat colonoscopies after 1 (T-1) and 4 (T-4) years of follow-up. The primary end point is adenoma recurrence; secondary end points include number, size, location, and histology of adenomas. All resected lesions are reviewed centrally by gastrointestinal pathologists. The trial provides 90% power to detect a reduction of 24% in the annual adenoma recurrence rate. The primary analytic period, on which sample size calculations were based, is 3 years (T-1 to T-4), which permits a 1-year lag time for the intervention to work and allows a more definitive clearing of lesions at T-1, given that at least 10-15% of polyps may be missed at baseline, The final (T-4) colonoscopies are expected to be completed in early 1998. C1 WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,WINSTON SALEM,NC. SUNY BUFFALO,SCH MED & BIOMED SCI,BUFFALO,NY. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,HINES,IL 60141. KAISER FDN RES INST,OAKLAND,CA. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA. UNIV UTAH,SALT LAKE CITY,UT. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WESTAT CORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. RP Schatzkin, A (reprint author), NCI,DEPT HLTH & HUMAN SERV,PUBL HLTH SERV,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 50 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 5 IS 5 BP 375 EP 383 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UJ727 UT WOS:A1996UJ72700009 PM 9162304 ER PT J AU Lanza, E Schatzkin, A BallardBarbash, R Clifford, DC Paskett, E Hayes, D Bote, E Caan, B Shike, M Weissfeld, J Slattery, M Mateski, D AF Lanza, E Schatzkin, A BallardBarbash, R Clifford, DC Paskett, E Hayes, D Bote, E Caan, B Shike, M Weissfeld, J Slattery, M Mateski, D TI The Polyp Prevention Trial II: Dietary intervention program and participant baseline dietary characteristics SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; SELF-EFFICACY; CANCER; VEGETABLES; FAT; QUESTIONNAIRE; REDUCTION; FIBER; FRUIT; RISK AB The Polyp Prevention Trial (PPT) is a multicenter randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether a low-fat, high-dietary fiber, high-fruit and -vegetable eating pattern will reduce the recurrence of adenomatous polyps of the large bowel. Men and women who had one or more adenomas removed recently were randomized into either the intervention (it = 1037) or control (it = 1042) arms, Food frequency questionnaire data indicate that PPT participants at the beginning of the trial consumed 36.8% of total energy from fat, 9.7 g of dietary fiber/1000 kcal, and 3.8 daily servings of fruits and vegetables, Baseline dietary characteristics, including intake of fat, fiber, and fruits and vegetables, as well as other macro- and micronutrients, were similar in the two study groups, The intervention participants receive extensive dietary and behavioral counseling to achieve the PPT dietary goals of 20% of total energy from fat, 18 g/1000 kcal of dietary fiber, and 5-8 daily servings (depending on total caloric intake) of fruits and vegetables, Control participants do not receive such counseling and are expected to continue their usual intake, Dietary intake in both groups is monitored annually using a 4-day food record (also completed at 6 months by intervention participants only) and a food frequency questionnaire, with a 10% random sample of participants completing an annual unscheduled 24-h telephone recall, Blood specimens are drawn and analyzed annually for lipids and carotenoids, This article provides details on the rationale and design of the PPT dietary intervention program and describes the participant baseline dietary intake data characteristics. C1 WAKE FOREST UNIV,BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,WINSTON SALEM,NC. SUNY BUFFALO,SCH MED & BIOMED SCI,BUFFALO,NY. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,HINES,IL 60141. KAISER FDN RES INST,OAKLAND,CA. MEM SLOAN KETTERING CANC CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10021. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA. UNIV UTAH,SALT LAKE CITY,UT. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20307. WESTAT CORP,ROCKVILLE,MD. NR 52 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 5 IS 5 BP 385 EP 392 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UJ727 UT WOS:A1996UJ72700010 PM 9162305 ER PT J AU Aguayo, SM Miller, Y Boose, D Holley, M Portanova, LB Schuyler, KD Kane, MA AF Aguayo, SM Miller, Y Boose, D Holley, M Portanova, LB Schuyler, KD Kane, MA TI Nonconstitutive expression of the gastrin-releasing peptide autocrine growth system in human small cell lung carcinoma NCI-H345 cells SO CELL GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID BOMBESIN RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION; LEUKEMIA-CELLS; EARLY SIGNALS; CANCER; BINDING; SECRETION; INVITRO; DENSITY; ASSAY AB Constitutive, unregulated autocrine growth is thought to be an important mechanism whereby cancer cells gain a proliferative advantage over nonmalignant cells. The question addressed here was whether the autocrine growth system for gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in human small cell lung carcinoma cells is, in fact, always expressed in a constitutive, unregulated fashion. Lag, rapid, and plateau growth states were defined for small cell lung carcinoma NCI-H345 cells based on periods during which they expressed different growth rates after plating as single cell suspensions. Immunoreactive GRP in the conditioned medium and in NCI-H345 cells harvested during each of these growth states, as well as cell DNA content, GRP mRNA expression, specific I-125-GRP uptake, specific I-125-GRP binding to solubilized membranes, and GRP and neuromedin B receptor mRNA expression by reverse transcription-PCR were analyzed. Maximal levels of GRP expression were observed during the lag growth state, with the highest concentration of immunoreactive GRP in the conditioned medium during the rapid growth state. Specific I-125-GRP uptake and binding were also highest during the lag growth state; however, GRP receptor mRNA did not significantly change. In contrast to prevailing concepts, these studies support the conclusion that the expression of the GRP autocrine growth system in NCI-H345 cells is indeed regulated. Furthermore, the components are maximally expressed before rapid growth begins, suggesting that other mechanisms are activated to support the actual proliferation. C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM MED,DENVER,CO 80220. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DENVER VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV MED ONCOL,DENVER,CO 80220. EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,DIV PULM & CRIT CARE MED,ATLANTA,GA 30033. UNIV COLORADO,CTR CANC,DENVER,CO 80220. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29-CA44763, P50-CA58187]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL29891] NR 43 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1044-9523 J9 CELL GROWTH DIFFER JI Cell Growth Differ. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5 BP 563 EP 572 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA UJ264 UT WOS:A1996UJ26400002 PM 8732666 ER PT J AU Kent, RL McDermott, PJ AF Kent, RL McDermott, PJ TI Passive load and angiotensin II evoke differential responses of gene expression and protein synthesis in cardiac myocytes SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE angiotensin II; gene expression; protein synthesis; cardiac myocytes; cell culture ID ADULT FELINE CARDIOCYTES; STRETCH-INDUCED HYPERTROPHY; PRESSURE-OVERLOAD; HEART-CELLS; MAMMALIAN MYOCARDIUM; NA+-CA-2+ EXCHANGER; RAT-HEART; GROWTH; SYSTEM; CATECHOLAMINES AB This study introduced an improved model of loaded adult cardiocytes to address a proposed requirement for angiotensin II (Ang II) in the transduction pathway between load on the cardiac myocyte and its early anabolic responses of gene expression and acceleration of protein synthesis. The isolated cardiocytes were subjected to passive load by step increments of stretch and responded with proportional acceleration of protein synthesis in both adult and neonatal cardiocytes; this response was unaltered by 1 mu mol/L [Sar(1),Ile(8)]Ang II, an antagonist peptide to Ang II. Ang II from 1 nmol/L to 10 mu mol/L did not increase protein synthesis after 4 hours in adult cardiocytes nor at 100 nmol/L in neonatal cardiocytes. However, 100 nmol/L Ang II did increase [H-3]phenylalanine incorporation into neonatal cardiocyte protein by 10%, whereas passive load increased [H-3]phenylalanine incorporation into protein by 30%, which was not blocked by [Sar(1),Ile(8)]Ang II. Thus, the anabolic effect of load does not require Ang II to increase either 4-hour protein synthesis in both adult and neonatal cardiocytes or 24-hour [H-3]phenylalanine incorporation into neonatal cardiocytes. The genetic response of the cardiocyte to load was examined by assessing c-fos and Na+-Ca2+ exchanger mRNA levels, because these are rapidly expressed at the onset of cardiac pressure overload. The c-fos mRNA was increased fourfold within 1 hour after 100 nmol/L Ang II treatment of either adult or neonatal cardiocytes. This c-fos induction was blocked by [Sar(1),Ile(8)]Ang II. One hour after loading of adult cardiocytes, induction of c-fos expression was increased threefold; this was also blocked by [Sar(1),Ile(8)]Ang II. Thus, load-induced c-fos expression was Ang II dependent in adult cardiocytes. In contrast, exchanger mRNA levels were increased threefold 1 hour after loading of adult cardiocytes, but this increased expression was not blocked by [Sar(1),Ile(8)]Ang II. For additional comparison, c-fos expression was induced by Ang II and phorbol myristate acetate, which did not induce exchanger expression; conversely, exchanger expression was induced by veratridine, which did not increase c-fos expression. Thus, separate c-fos and exchanger expression pathways can be differentiated in adult cardiocytes. This study demonstrated that Ang II is not required for load to initiate the anabolic processes of accelerated protein synthesis or enhanced Na+-Ca2+ exchanger gene expression in cardiocytes; however, load induced c-fos expression is Ang II dependent. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,DIV CARDIOL,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARM & ANAT,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT CELL BIOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 51 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 78 IS 5 BP 829 EP 838 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA UH453 UT WOS:A1996UH45300011 PM 8620603 ER PT J AU Zhang, M Singh, RK Wang, MH Wells, A Siegal, GP AF Zhang, M Singh, RK Wang, MH Wells, A Siegal, GP TI Epidermal growth factor modulates cell attachment to hyaluronic acid by the cell surface glycoprotein CD44 SO CLINICAL & EXPERIMENTAL METASTASIS LA English DT Article DE adhesion; CD44; EGF; EGF receptor; extracellular matrix; hyaluronic acid ID LYMPHOCYTE HOMING RECEPTOR; 3T3 CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; TUMOR INVASION; EGF; EXPRESSION; CANCER; VARIANTS; ANTIGEN; MATRIX AB Cell adhesion to and migration through extracellular matrices (ECM) are critical events in tumor invasion and metastasis, Previous work by us had demonstrated that signaling of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) confers an oncogenic phenotype on NR6 cells and that these cells when transfected with hole EGFR demonstrate greater motility and invasiveness than cells carrying a carboxy-terminal truncated EGFR, Recently, a cell surface glycoprotein, CD44, has been implicated in cell-ECM adhesion involved in tumor cell migration, signal transduction, and metastasis, We investigated whether EGF regulates cellular interactions with ECM components, and in particular, hyaluronate, by modulating CD44 expression, In vitro cell attachment assays on hyaluronate-coated plates demonstrated similar basal level of binding (similar to 33%) for murine NR6 parental cells devoid of endogenous EGFR (P) or expressing wild-type EGFR (WT), while a time-dependent increase in binding was observed in WT cells stimulated with EGF, Additionally, utilizing monoclonal antibody blocking assays, CD44, but not EGFR, was shown to be directly involved in this' attachment, Both WT and P cells possessed equivalent 95 kDa bands on immunoblots, corresponding to CD44, The existence of CD44 mRNA was verified by RT-PCR using synthetic oligonucleotides in which a 1.1 kb cDNA was detected in both cell lines and confirmed by DNA sequencing, After 24-h exposure to exogenous EGF, an increase in CD44 protein and mRNA expression was found in WT cells, but not in P cells, supporting the contention that a functional EGFR signaling pathway is required for CD44 regulation, Thus, EGF stimulates cell binding to hyaluronate in vitro by regulating CD44 expression. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT PATHOL,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35233. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT CELL BIOL,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT SURG,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. UNIV ALABAMA,CELL ADHES & MATRIX RES CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. UNIV ALABAMA,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL. RI Siegal, Gene/A-8653-2009 OI Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150 NR 46 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0262-0898 J9 CLIN EXP METASTAS JI Clin. Exp. Metastasis PD MAY PY 1996 VL 14 IS 3 BP 268 EP 276 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA UV508 UT WOS:A1996UV50800010 PM 8674281 ER PT J AU Wiatrowski, WA AF Wiatrowski, WA TI Radiation rise communication in human subjects research - Response SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP Wiatrowski, WA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, 7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 70 IS 5 BP 750 EP 750 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UF094 UT WOS:A1996UF09400025 ER PT J AU Gaebel, W Marder, S AF Gaebel, W Marder, S TI The acute episode in schizophrenia: Diagnosis, prognosis and treatment - Proceedings from a Lundbeck Symposium held in Copenhagen, 9-10 February 1996 - Introduction SO INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Gaebel, W (reprint author), UNIV DUSSELDORF,DEPT PSYCHIAT,RHEIN LANDES & HSCH KLIN,BERG LANDSTR 2,D-40629 DUSSELDORF,GERMANY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0268-1315 J9 INT CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 11 SU 2 BP 1 EP 1 DI 10.1097/00004850-199605002-00001 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA UR527 UT WOS:A1996UR52700001 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Pharmacological treatment strategies in acute schizophrenia SO INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lundbeck Symposium on the Acute Episode in Schizophrenia - Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment CY FEB 09-10, 1996 CL COPENHAGEN, DENMARK DE schizophrenia; antipsychotic; clozapine; risperidone; sertindole; olanzapine; seroquel ID DOUBLE-BLIND; HALOPERIDOL AB It may be helpful for clinicians to consider the management of schizophrenia as occurring in three different phases: an acute phase which lasts about 4-8 weeks, a resolving phase which lasts about 4-6 months and a stable phase which lasts as long as the patient remains in remission. During the acute phase, patients demonstrate active symptoms of schizophrenia. The goal of treatment during this phase is to reduce the most severe symptoms of the illness, particularly positive symptoms. Nearly all acute episodes should be treated with an antipsychotic medication. Moreover, drug treatment should occur as early in this phase as possible. Certain treatment principles should guide management: an antipsychotic drug and dose should be used that appropriately balances side effects and efficacy. Trial of the selected drug(s) should last at least 4-6 weeks before the medication is changed. Newer antipsychotics have clear advantages over older drugs in terms of side effects and efficacy. Greater use of these agents may improve the outcome in acute schizophrenia. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0268-1315 J9 INT CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 11 SU 2 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.1097/00004850-199605002-00005 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA UR527 UT WOS:A1996UR52700005 PM 8803657 ER PT J AU Gaebel, W Marder, S AF Gaebel, W Marder, S TI Conclusions and treatment recommendations for the acute episode in schizophrenia SO INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lundbeck Symposium on the Acute Episode in Schizophrenia - Diagnosis, Prognosis and Treatment CY FEB 09-10, 1996 CL COPENHAGEN, DENMARK DE schizophrenia; acute episode; diagnosis; prognosis; treatment ID 2-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; EXPRESSED EMOTION; CONTROLLED TRIAL; 1ST-EPISODE SCHIZOPHRENIA; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; FAMILY PSYCHOEDUCATION; COMMUNITY MANAGEMENT; MAINTENANCE THERAPY; SOCIAL-INTERVENTION; RELAPSE AB Interventions which reduce symptoms, vulnerability and stress on the one hand and improve psychosocial competence and quality of life on the other are essential components of a comprehensive treatment program in schizophrenia. Drug treatment of acute exacerbations which is adequate with respect to drug type, dose and treatment duration and takes risk/benefit measures into account is at the heart of these interventions and should be applied as early as possible. Subsequent neuroleptic treatment to prevent a relapse should be administered in accordance with established treatment guidelines. Drug treatment must be combined with psychosocial interventions, which should be properly adapted to the particular phase and stage of the illness. Implementation and coordination of various interventions require cooperation between therapists, institutions, the patient and the patient's family. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Gaebel, W (reprint author), UNIV DUSSELDORF,DEPT PSYCHIAT,RHEIN LANDES & HSCHKLIN BERG,BERG LANDSTR 2,D-40629 DUSSELDORF,GERMANY. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0268-1315 J9 INT CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 11 SU 2 BP 93 EP 100 DI 10.1097/00004850-199605002-00015 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA UR527 UT WOS:A1996UR52700015 PM 8803667 ER PT J AU Morgan, BJ Crabtree, DC Puleo, DS Badr, MS Toiber, F Skatrud, JB AF Morgan, BJ Crabtree, DC Puleo, DS Badr, MS Toiber, F Skatrud, JB TI Neurocirculatory consequences of abrupt change in sleep state in humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arousal; sympathetic nervous system; non-rapid-eye-movement sleep ID SYMPATHETIC-NERVE ACTIVITY; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; IMPEDANCE CARDIOGRAPHY; OBSTRUCTIVE APNEAS; AROUSAL AB The arterial pressure elevations that accompany sleep apneas may be caused by chemoreflex stimulation, negative intrathoracic pressure, and/or arousal. To assess the neurocirculatory effects of arousal alone, we applied graded auditory stimuli during non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep in eight healthy humans. We measured muscle sympathetic nerve activity (intraneural microelectrodes), electroencephalogram (EEG; C-4/A(1) and O-1/A(2)), arterial pressure (photoelectric plethysmography), heart rate (electrocardiogram), and stroke volume (impedance cardiography). Auditory stimuli caused abrupt increases in systolic and diastolic pressures (21 +/- 2 and 15 +/- 1 mmHg) and heart rate (11 +/- 2 beats/min). Cardiac output decreased (-10%). Stimuli that produced EEG evidence of arousal evoked one to two large bursts of sympathetic activity (316 +/- 46% of baseline amplitude). Stimuli that did not alter EEG frequency produced smaller but consistent presser responses even though no sympathetic activation was observed. We conclude that arousal from NREM sleep evokes a presser response caused by increased peripheral vascular resistance. Increased sympathetic outflow to skeletal muscle may contribute to, but is not required for, this vasoconstriction. The neurocirculatory effects of arousal may augment those caused by asphyxia during episodes of sleep-disordered breathing. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Morgan, BJ (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT KINESIOL,1300 UNIV AVE,5175 MSC,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 30 TC 109 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 80 IS 5 BP 1627 EP 1636 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA UM254 UT WOS:A1996UM25400026 PM 8727549 ER PT J AU Bergman, RJ Gazit, D Kahn, AJ Gruber, H Mcdougall, S Hahn, TJ AF Bergman, RJ Gazit, D Kahn, AJ Gruber, H Mcdougall, S Hahn, TJ TI Age-related changes in osteogenic stem cells in mice SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW; TRABECULAR BONE; INVITRO; DIFFERENTIATION; PROLIFERATION; DEXAMETHASONE; EXPRESSION; COLONIES; CULTURES; TISSUE AB Osteoblasts arise from partially differentiated osteogenic progenitor cells (OPCs) which in turn arise from undifferentiated marrow stromal mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), It has been postulated that age-related defects in osteoblast number and function may be due to quantitative and qualitative stem cell defects, To examine this possibility, we compared osteogenic stern cell number and in vitro function in marrow cells from 4-month-old and 24-month-old male BALB/c mice, Histologic studies demonstrated that these mice undergo age-related bone loss resembling that seen in humans, In primary MSC cultures grown in media supplemented with 10 nM dexamethasone, cultures from older animals yielded an average of 41% fewer OPC colonies per given number of marrow cells plated (p < 0.001), This implies that for a given number of marrow cells there are fewer stem cells with osteogenic potential in older animals than there are in younger animals, The basal proliferative rate in cultures from older animals, as measured by H-3-thymidine uptake, was more than three times that observed in cultures from young animals (p < 0.005), However, the increase in proliferative response to serum stimulation was 10-fold in the younger cultures (p < 0.001) and insignificant (p < 0.4) in the older cultures, Colonies in both age groups became alkaline phosphatase positive at the same rate, and virtually all colonies were positive after 12 days of culture, Cultures from both age groups produced abundant type I collagen, These studies suggest that defects in the number and proliferative potential of MSCs may underlie age-related defects in osteoblast number and function. C1 HADASSAH MED CTR,SCH DENT,IL-91120 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SCH DENT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. CAROLINAS MED CTR,ORTHOPED RES LAB,CHARLOTTE,NC 28203. RP Bergman, RJ (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GRECC,W11G,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 38 TC 225 Z9 241 U1 3 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 11 IS 5 BP 568 EP 577 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UG290 UT WOS:A1996UG29000003 PM 9157771 ER PT J AU Devlin, RD Bone, HG Roodman, GD AF Devlin, RD Bone, HG Roodman, GD TI Interleukin-6: A potential mediator of the massive osteolysis in patients with Gorham-Stout disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; HUMAN-BONE MARROW; CELLS; INVITRO; TUMORS AB Gorham-Stout disease (GSD) or massive osteolysis, is an extremely rare osteolytic condition that involves extensive locally aggressive resorption of bone. The etiology and pathophysiology are unknown, and the role of the osteoclast in GSD is unclear. We studied a patient with GSD who had massive resorption of his mandible, which extended to his maxilla, zygoma, right parietal region, and cranium. To investigate the cause of the extensive resorption, we tested the effects of the patient's serum, sampled early in the course of treatment and later after the osteolysis was stabilized, on the formation of osteoclastlike multinucleated cells (MNC) in cultures of normal human marrow. GSD serum (10%, vol/vol) markedly increased the number of MNC formed in these cultures compared to that in normal serum as well as stimulated the formation of resorption pits by these MNC on dentine slices. GSD serum, collected after further therapy, did not enhance the number of MNC formed in marrow cultures compared to that in normal serum. Elevated levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected in the earlier GSD serum that were 7 times the upper Limit of the normal range, and after further treatment, IL-6 levels fell to one quarter the pretreatment value. The levels of IL-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor-ct, transforming growth factor-alpha, PTH, and PTH-related peptide in pretreatment GSD serum were not increased. Moreover, the addition of neutralizing antibodies to IL-6 to the normal human bone marrow cultures effectively blocked the increase in MNC formation induced by active GSD serum. These data suggest that bone resorption in GSD patients is due to enhanced osteoclast activity, and that IL-6 may play a role in the increased bone resorption in GSD. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX USA. HENRY FORD HOSP, DETROIT, MI 48202 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-40035]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-39529, AR-40554] NR 31 TC 109 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 81 IS 5 BP 1893 EP 1897 DI 10.1210/jc.81.5.1893 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UK198 UT WOS:A1996UK19800042 PM 8626854 ER PT J AU Uyemura, K Demer, LL Castle, SC Jullien, D Berliner, JA Gately, MK Warrier, RR Pham, N Fogelman, AM Modlin, RL AF Uyemura, K Demer, LL Castle, SC Jullien, D Berliner, JA Gately, MK Warrier, RR Pham, N Fogelman, AM Modlin, RL TI Cross-regulatory roles of interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 in atherosclerosis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE cytokine; highly oxidized LDL; minimally modified LDL; PCR; monocytes ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; INTERFERON-GAMMA-PRODUCTION; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; T-CELL SUBSETS; MURINE LEISHMANIASIS; LYMPHOCYTES-T; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CYTOKINE; EXPRESSION AB T cell cytokines are known to play a major role in determining protection and pathology in infectious disease. It has recently become clear that IL-12 is a key inducer of the type 1 T cell cytokine pattern characterized by production of IFN-gamma. Conversely, n-10 down-regulates IL-12 production and type 1 cytokine responses. We have investigated whether IL-12 and IL-10 might be involved in a chronic inflammatory reaction, atherosclerosis. In atherosclerotic plaques, we found strong expression of IFN-gamma but not IL-4 mRNAs as compared to normal arteries. IL-12 p40 mRNA and IL-12 p70 protein were also found to be abundant in atherosclerotic plaques. IL-12 was induced in monocytes in vitro in response to highly oxidized LDL but not minimally modified LDL. The cross-regulatory role of IL-10 was indicated by the expression of IL-10 in some atherosclerotic lesions, and the demonstration that exogenous rIL-10 inhibited LDL-induced IL-12 release. These data suggest that the balance between IL-12 and IL-10 production contributes to the level of immune-mediated tissue injury in atherosclerosis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DIV DERMATOL,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT GERIATR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. HOFFMANN LA ROCHE INC,DEPT INFLAMMAT AUTOIMMUNE DIS,NUTLEY,NJ 07110. RI Demer, Linda/I-5770-2013; JULLIEN, Denis/D-5654-2014 OI Demer, Linda/0000-0002-9618-6895; JULLIEN, Denis/0000-0002-2995-7928; Modlin, Robert/0000-0003-4720-031X FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR865]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-30568] NR 55 TC 301 Z9 308 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD MAY 1 PY 1996 VL 97 IS 9 BP 2130 EP 2138 DI 10.1172/JCI118650 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA UJ399 UT WOS:A1996UJ39900018 PM 8621803 ER PT J AU Wilson, JR AF Wilson, JR TI Electrical studies as a prognostic factor in the surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome SO JOURNAL OF HAND SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Letter RP Wilson, JR (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,ROOSEVELT RD & 5TH AVE,HINES,IL 60141, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE INC MEDICAL PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 650 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-5023 J9 J HAND SURG-AM JI J. Hand Surg.-Am. Vol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 21A IS 3 BP 524 EP 525 DI 10.1016/S0363-5023(96)80382-0 PG 2 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA UM645 UT WOS:A1996UM64500044 PM 8724495 ER PT J AU Glass, EC Nelleman, P Hines, H Mandelkern, MA Blahd, WH AF Glass, EC Nelleman, P Hines, H Mandelkern, MA Blahd, WH TI Initial coincidence imaging experience with a SPECT/PET dual head camera. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. ADAC LABS,MILPITAS,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP 203 EP 203 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UL625 UT WOS:A1996UL62500203 ER PT J AU Silverman, DHS Munakata, JA Hoh, CK Mandelkern, MA Mayer, EA AF Silverman, DHS Munakata, JA Hoh, CK Mandelkern, MA Mayer, EA TI Regional cerebral activity in normal and pathologic perception of visceral pain. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 37 IS 5 SU S BP 482 EP 482 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UL625 UT WOS:A1996UL62500482 ER PT J AU Thielen, RJ Fangon, NB Frazer, A AF Thielen, RJ Fangon, NB Frazer, A TI 4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2'-[N-(2''-pyridinyl)-p-iodobenzamido]ethyl]pipe razine and 4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2'-[N-(2''-pyridinyl)-p-fluorobenzamido]ethyl]pi perazine, two new antagonists at pre- and postsynaptic serotonin-1A receptors SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID DORSAL RAPHE NUCLEUS; 5-HT1A RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN; 5-HT(1A) RECEPTORS; IN-VIVO; PHARMACOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION; DIFFERENTIAL PROJECTIONS; HIPPOCAMPAL MEMBRANES; SELECTIVE ANTAGONIST; MOLECULAR-CLONING AB p-MPPI [4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2'-[N-(2 ''-pyridinyl)-p-iodobenzamido]ethyl]piperazine] and p-MPPF [4-(2'-methoxyphenyl)-1-[2'-[N-(2 ''-pyridinyl)-p-fluorobenzamido]ethyl]piperazine] competitively antagonized 5-HT1A receptor activation in the rat, as measured by hypothermia, forepaw treading and 5-HT turnover; they exhibited no partial agonist activity on any of these measures. When given i.p., p-MPPI and p-MPPF dose-dependently antagonized the hypothermia induced by 8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin (8-OH-DPAT) (0.5 mg/kg), with approximate ID50 of 5 and 3 mg/kg, respectively. The inhibitory effect caused by a fixed dose of pMPPI (6 mg/kg) or p-MPPF (3 mg/kg) was surmounted by higher doses of 8-OH-DPAT. pMPPI and p-MPPF also attenuated the hypothermia induced by gepirone. Forepaw treading caused by 8-OH-DPAT (2 mg/kg) in reserpine-pretreated rats (1 mg/kg, s.c., 18-24 hr before the experiment) was dose-dependently antagonized by p-MPPI and p-MPPF with approximate ID50 of 3 and 0.7 mg/kg, respectively. p-MPPI also antagonized forepaw treading induced by 5-methoxy-N,N,-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) (5 mg/kg) and this antagonism was competitively overcome by higher doses of 5-methoxy-N,N,-dimethyltryptamine. p-MPPI and p-MPPF were able to antagonize the 8-OH-DPAT-(0.5 mg/kg) induced reduction in the 5-HIAA/5-HT ratio, a measure of 5-HT turnover in the hippocampus or striatum. No hypothermia or reciprocal forepaw treading was produced by either drug when given at doses as high as 10 mg/kg. Neither p-MPPI nor p-MPPF (10 mg/kg) given alone significantly altered the ratio of 5-HIAA/5-HT in the hippocampus or striatum. Also, binding of [H-3]p-MPPF to hippocampal membranes was unaltered by the addition of 100 mu M guanylyl-imidodiphosphate to the incubation medium. In conclusion, pMPPI and p-MPPF behave, in vivo, as competitive antagonists of both postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors and somatodendritic 5-HT1A autoreceptors. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Thielen, RJ (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH29094, MH48125] NR 67 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 277 IS 2 BP 661 EP 670 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UJ953 UT WOS:A1996UJ95300013 PM 8627543 ER PT J AU Park, J Gowin, KM Schumacher, HR AF Park, J Gowin, KM Schumacher, HR TI Steroid sparing effect of methotrexate in relapsing polychondritis SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE steroid sparing; methotrexate; relapsing polychondritis ID ANTI-CD4 MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CYCLOSPORINE-A; INVOLVEMENT AB Relapsing polychondritis is a rare inflammatory disorder causing recurrent inflammatory reactions in the cartilaginous structures. It often worsens as prednisone is tapered. We describe 3 biopsy proven patients with relapsing polychondritis in whom methotrexate was useful as a steroid sparing agent in the management of auricular chondritis. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ARTHRIT IMMUNOL CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 12 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 23 IS 5 BP 937 EP 938 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA UJ948 UT WOS:A1996UJ94800027 PM 8724312 ER PT J AU Whelan, NL Subramanian, R Jin, J Keith, IM AF Whelan, NL Subramanian, R Jin, J Keith, IM TI Intramyocardial arterial cushions of coronary vessels in animals and humans: Morphology, occurrence and relation to heart disease SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE coronary arteries; intimal cushions; smooth muscle; ultrastructure; heart disease ID ATHEROSCLEROSIS AB The existence of coronary endoarterial cushions (CEC) in the human heart as nonpathological, functional entities has been debated, and CEC have been sparsely reported in animals. Arterial cushions are localized thickenings that protrude into the lumen of specific arteries, We have identified CEC in the rhesus monkey, dog, sheep, goat, pig, rabbit and rat, and in the human heart, Two distinct types are described: the ovoid CEC arranged singly, in pairs, or in groups of three to four, and the less common polypoid CEC seen primarily in humans. The highest incidence of CEC in rabbits and humans was in the left ventricle in arteries 150-488 mu m in diameter. Light and electron microscopy demonstrated intimal location with smooth muscle cells surrounded by ground substance, collagen and elastin fibers in a highly organized pattern. Nerve fibers identified by their immunoreactivity with antiserum to the vasodilatory calcitonin-gene-related peptide contacted the CEC along the tunica media and were occasionally seen within CEC, Arrangement and histological composition of CEC suggest a role in the regulation of local blood now and myocardial perfusion. In human hearts, the CEC density index correlated highly with the degree of heart disease. In subjects with high heart disease rating, increased connective tissue, lipid-like infiltration and calcification was seen within CEC, and foam cells were present in CEC of obese rabbits. This suggests that CEC in coronary arteries could be predisposed sites of atherosclerosis, and that injured CEC can cause coronary artery spasm and ischemia. We conclude that CEC occur in animals and humans as innervated intimal smooth muscle cushions that might have a role in myocardial perfusion and heart disease. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH VET MED,DEPT COMPARAT BIOSCI,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI. FU NCRR NIH HHS [2 507 RR05912-05] NR 53 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1018-1172 J9 J VASC RES JI J. Vasc. Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 1996 VL 33 IS 3 BP 209 EP 224 DI 10.1159/000159149 PG 16 WC Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Physiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UQ124 UT WOS:A1996UQ12400003 PM 8924519 ER PT J AU OBrien, WA SumnerSmith, M Mao, SH Sadeghi, S Zhao, JQ Chen, IY AF OBrien, WA SumnerSmith, M Mao, SH Sadeghi, S Zhao, JQ Chen, IY TI Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity of an oligocationic compound mediated via gp120 V3 interactions SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYNCYTIUM-INDUCING PHENOTYPE; RECOMBINANT SOLUBLE CD4; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; SULFATED POLYSACCHARIDES; DEXTRAN SULFATE; TRANS-ACTIVATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; BINDING-SITE; CELL TROPISM AB An oligocationic peptide compound (ALX40-4C) was developed for consideration in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. This compound was designed to mimic the basic domain of the HIV-1 transactivation protein, Tat, and will competitively,inhibit Tat binding to its specific RNA hairpin target (TAR [transactivation region]), found at the 5' end of all HIV-1 transcripts. Blocking Tat-TAR interactions can abrogate HIV-1 replication. ALX40-4C was shown to inhibit replication of HIV-1(NL4-3) in a range of cell types, including primary cells and transformed cell lines, by as much as 10(4)-fold. In some experiments, virus rescue was not possible even after removal of ALX40-4C from the cultures. Strain-dependent resistance has been demonstrated for all antiretroviral agents tested; therefore, we tested for variable sensitivity to ALX40-4C. The cloned primary strains, HIV-1(JR-CSF) and HIV-1(JR-FL,) ALX40-4C inhibition. Unexpectedly, determinants for efficient ALX40-4C inhibition were mapped by using recombinant virus strains to the V3 region of gp120 and were shown to act at early events in viral replication, which include viral entry. If entry and reverse transcription are bypassed by transfection, a more modest, virus strain-independent inhibition is shown; this inhibition is likely due to blocking of Tat-TAR interaction.'Thus, the highly basic oligocationic Tat inhibitor ALX40-4C appears to interfere with initial virus-target cell interactions which involve HIV-1 gp120 V3 determinants, most efficiently for T-cell line-adapted strains. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. ALLELIX BIOPHARMACEUT INC,MISSISSAUGA,ON,CANADA. RP OBrien, WA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 29894] NR 67 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 70 IS 5 BP 2825 EP 2831 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA UF247 UT WOS:A1996UF24700017 PM 8627756 ER PT J AU DAndrea, DM CoupayeGerard, B Kleyman, TR Foster, MH Madaio, MP AF DAndrea, DM CoupayeGerard, B Kleyman, TR Foster, MH Madaio, MP TI Autoantibodies interact directly with distinct glomerular and vascular cell surface antigens SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; FORM IMMUNE DEPOSITS; V-REGION SEQUENCES; DNA ANTIBODIES; MURINE LUPUS; ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTOR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; MYASTHENIA-GRAVIS; CROSS-REACTIVITY; RAT-KIDNEY AB We have identified monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies derived from lupus prone MRL-lpr/lpr mice that produce glomerular immune deposits and nephritis after passive transfer to normal mice. Particularly noteworthy is that the location of immune deposition varied among nephritogenic Ig, and this was associated with distinctive histologies and clinical disease profiles. Although their autoantigen binding properties differed, they were highly cross-reactive, in a manner similar to Ig deposited in glomeruli of lupus mice. This antigen binding profile was also typical of other previously described nephritogenic autoantibodies that bound directly to glomerular antigens to initiate immune deposit formation. In this study, we questioned whether ligation of different glomerular antigens by individual autoantibodies could contribute to the observed differences in the location of immune deposits. To examine this possibility, monoclonal anti-DNA antibodies (IgG2a) that produced glomerular immune deposits in different locations were evaluated. H221 produced mesangial, intracapillary (that is, intraluminal or within the capillary lumen) and subendothelial deposits associated with heavy proteinuria, whereas H147 produced mesangial, subendothelial and linear basement membrane deposits associated with proliferative glomerulonephritis. Initially, the capacity of H221 and H147 to bind directly to glomerular and vascular cell surfaces was evaluated. As demonstrated by FAGS, H221 bound preferentially to mesangial cells whereas H147 bound preferentially to endothelial cells. To identify possible target cell surface antigens, Western blots, immunoprecipitation of surface labeled cells, and 2D gel electrophoresis were employed. H221 reacted with a 108 kDa protein on mesangial cells not identified by H147, whereas H147 reacted with a 45 kDa protein on endothelial cells not identified by H221. These results support the hypothesis that some nephritogenic lupus autoantibodies initiate immune deposit formation through direct interaction with glomerular antigens. Furthermore, they suggest that the site of immune deposition is determined by both antigen binding properties of the relevant antibody and the location of its target ligand within the glomerulus. In a given individual, therefore, the predominant autoantibody-glomerular antigen interaction may influence the morphologic and clinical phenotype expressed. Variation in the predominant interaction may also contribute to variations in disease expression among individuals with lupus nephritis. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,RENAL ELECTROLYTE & HYPERTENS DIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 27915]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 33694, DK 45191] NR 47 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1214 EP 1221 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.175 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UF620 UT WOS:A1996UF62000005 PM 8731084 ER PT J AU Tallon, S Berdud, I Hernandez, A Concepcion, HT Almaden, Y Torres, A MartinMalo, A Felsenfeld, AJ Aljama, P Rodriguez, M AF Tallon, S Berdud, I Hernandez, A Concepcion, HT Almaden, Y Torres, A MartinMalo, A Felsenfeld, AJ Aljama, P Rodriguez, M TI Relative effects of PTH and dietary phosphorus on calcitriol production in normal and azotemic rats SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; SERUM CONCENTRATION; VITAMIN-D; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; MODERATE; INSUFFICIENCY; METABOLISM; PHOSPHATE AB In moderate renal failure, the serum calcitriol level is influenced by the stimulatory effect of high PTH and the inhibitory action of phosphorus retention. Our goal was to evaluate the relative effect that high PTH levels and increased dietary phosphorus had on calcitriol production in normal rats (N) and rats with moderate renal failure (Nx). Normal and Nx (3/4 nephrectomy) rats were divided into two groups: (1) rats with intact parathyroid glands (IPTG) and (2) parathyroidectomized rats in which PTH was replaced (PTHR) by the continuous infusion of rat 1-34 PTH, 0.022 mu g/hr/100 g body wt, using a miniosmotic Alzet pump. To test the effect of dietary phosphorus, rats received either a moderate (MPD, 0.6% P) or a high phosphorus (HPD, 1.2%) diet for 14 days. The experimental design included pair-fed N and Nx rats with either IPTG or PTHR. Serum calcitriol and PTH levels in N rats fed a MPD were 69 +/- 3 and 40 +/- 5 pg/ml, respectively. In Nx rats on a MPD, serum calcitriol levels decreased only if hyperparathyroidism was not allowed to occur (76 +/- 4 vs. 62 +/- 4 pg/ml in Nx-IPTG-MPD and Nx-PTHR-MPD groups respectively, P < 0.05). Even in N rats on a HPD, high PTH levels (67 +/- 8 pg/ml in the N-IPTG-HPD group) were required to maintain normal serum calcitriol levels (69 +/- 4 vs. 56 +/- 6 pg/ml in Nx-IPTG-HPD and Nx-PTHR-HPD groups, respectively; P < 0.05). In Nx rats on a HPD, the development of secondary hyperparathyroidism (286 +/- 19 pg/ml in the Nx-IPTG-HPD group) prevented a decrease in serum calcitriol levels (68 +/- 7 pg/ml). In contrast, serum calcitriol levels were low in the Nx-PTHR-HPD group (52 +/- 4 pg/ml, P < 0.05), which were deprived of the adaptative increase in endogenous PTH production. In conclusion, our results in rats indicate that in moderate renal failure, an elevated PTH level maintains calcitriol production and overcomes the inhibitory action of phosphorus retention. C1 UNIV CORDOBA,HOSP REINA SOFIA,UNIDAD INVEST,E-14004 CORDOBA,SPAIN. UNIV CORDOBA,HOSP REINA SOFIA,SERV NEFROL,E-14004 CORDOBA,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV CANARIAS,SERV NEFROL,TENERIFE,SPAIN. HOSP UNIV CANARIAS,UNIDAD INVEST,TENERIFE,SPAIN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 49 IS 5 BP 1441 EP 1446 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.203 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UF620 UT WOS:A1996UF62000033 PM 8731112 ER PT J AU Reue, K Xia, YR Shi, VW Cohen, RD Welch, C Lusis, AJ AF Reue, K Xia, YR Shi, VW Cohen, RD Welch, C Lusis, AJ TI Localization of mouse peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma on chromosome 6 SO MAMMALIAN GENOME LA English DT Article ID CLONING; MEMBER; LIVER C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST MOLEC BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Reue, K (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LIPID RES LAB,BLDG 113,ROOM 312,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0938-8990 J9 MAMM GENOME JI Mamm. Genome PD MAY PY 1996 VL 7 IS 5 BP 390 EP 391 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA UM129 UT WOS:A1996UM12900018 PM 8661743 ER PT J AU Adrogue, HJ Pena, J Comstock, JP AF Adrogue, HJ Pena, J Comstock, JP TI Glyburide increases the secretion, tissue uptake, and action of insulin in conscious normal dogs SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID CULTURED RAT HEPATOCYTES; SULFONYLUREAS; HYPERINSULINEMIA; GLIPIZIDE; BINDING; METABOLISM; RECEPTORS; THERAPY; INVIVO AB The action of glyburide on glucose homeostasis involves pancreatic and extrapancreatic mechanisms. The relative importance of each of these processes in the hypoglycemic response to sustained administration of glyburide is unknown. In addition, the effect of this drug on the hepatic extraction of insulin is controversial. This investigation uses direct techniques in conscious normal dogs to examine the impact of glyburide therapy (2.5 mg twice daily for 4 weeks) on glucose homeostasis. Preparatory surgery included placement of Doppler flow probes on hepatic vessels and insertion of catheters in carotid artery, portal vein, hepatic vein, and renal vein. After recovery from surgery, animals underwent an intravenous glucose tolerance test ([IGTT] 0.3 g . kg(-1) intravenous glucose bolus) and an insulin infusion clamp test ([IICT] 2 mU . kg(-1). min(-1) intravenous insulin during 150 minutes) followed by glyburide therapy. After 4 weeks, the IGTT and IICT were repeated. Glyburide increased the insulin secretory response during the late phase of the IGTT and augmented glucose clearance during the IICT, Hepatic extraction of insulin was also stimulated by glyburide, We conclude that the hypoglycemic action of long-term glyburide administration involves stimulation of both insulin secretion by the pancreas and glucose disposal by peripheral tissues. In addition, glyburide augments the extraction of insulin by the liver, and such an effect might prevent the development of sustained high levels of insulin in blood perfusing peripheral tissues. (C) 1996 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ENDOCRINE SECT,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Adrogue, HJ (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RENAL SECT 111,DEPT MED,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 45 IS 5 BP 579 EP 586 DI 10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90027-X PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UJ864 UT WOS:A1996UJ86400007 PM 8622600 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MW Peskind, E Raskind, M Boyko, EJ Porte, D AF Schwartz, MW Peskind, E Raskind, M Boyko, EJ Porte, D TI Cerebrospinal fluid leptin levels: Relationship to plasma levels and to adiposity in humans SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INSULIN; BRAIN; TRANSPORT AB The adipocyte hormone, leptin (OB protein), is proposed to be an ''adiposity signal'' that acts in the brain to lower food intake and adiposity(1-5). As plasma leptin levels are elevated in most overweight individuals, obesity may be associated with leptin resistance(6,7). To investigate the mechanisms underlying brain leptin uptake and to determine whether reduced uptake may contribute to leptin resistance, we measured immunoreactive leptin levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 53 human subjects. Leptin concentrations in CSF were strongly correlated to the plasma level in a nonlinear manner (r = 0.92; P = 0.0001). Like levels in plasma, CSF leptin levels were correlated to body mass index (r = 0.43; P = 0.001), demonstrating that plasma leptin enters human cerebrospinal fluid in proportion to body adiposity. However, the efficiency of this uptake (measured as the CSF:plasma leptin ratio) was lower among those in the highest as compared with the lowest plasma leptin quintile (5.4-fold difference). We hypothesize that a saturable mechanism mediates CSF leptin transport, and that reduced efficiency of brain leptin delivery among obese individuals with high plasma leptin levels results in apparent leptin resistance. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,EDUC & CLIN CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98105. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT GERIATR RES,EDUC & CLIN CTR,SEATTLE,WA 98105. VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA 98108. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98105, USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 05136]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 12829]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS 32273] NR 18 TC 697 Z9 708 U1 2 U2 20 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 2 IS 5 BP 589 EP 593 DI 10.1038/nm0596-589 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UJ230 UT WOS:A1996UJ23000046 PM 8616722 ER PT J AU Brooks, BR AF Brooks, BR TI Clinical epidemiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis SO NEUROLOGIC CLINICS LA English DT Review ID MOTOR-NEURON-DISEASE; LONGITUDINAL GOMPERTZIAN ANALYSIS; DETERMINISTIC MORTALITY DYNAMICS; PARKINSONISM-DEMENTIA; UNITED-STATES; MOTONEURON DISEASE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; ANTECEDENT EVENTS; RISING MORTALITY; RISK-FACTORS AB The introduction of palliative therapies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) will alter the epidemiology of ALS as it is known now. Although incidence rates will remain unchanged in the near future, prevalence rates will likely increase dramatically. Better understanding of the age-specific presentation of motor neuron diseases worldwide will shed light on the vexing questions concerning the variable incidence rates in some countries and apparent incidence gradients in North America and Europe. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, NEUROL SERV, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. GREAT LAKES VET INTEGRATED SERV NETWORK, MADISON, WI USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, MADISON, WI USA. RP Brooks, BR (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN, ALS CLIN RES CTR, 600 HIGHLAND AVE, CSC H6-558, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR03186] NR 297 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0733-8619 EI 1557-9875 J9 NEUROL CLIN JI Neurol. Clin. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 14 IS 2 BP 399 EP + DI 10.1016/S0733-8619(05)70264-4 PG 0 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UM723 UT WOS:A1996UM72300012 PM 8827179 ER PT J AU Morens, DM Grandinetti, A Waslien, CI Park, CB Ross, GW White, LR AF Morens, DM Grandinetti, A Waslien, CI Park, CB Ross, GW White, LR TI Case-control study of idiopathic Parkinson's disease and dietary vitamin E intake SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; HAWAII; MEN AB A nested case-control study of 84 incident cases of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) detected by June 30, 1994 and 336 age-matched control subjects, compared previously-documented intake of total dietary vitamin E and of selected vitamin E-containing foods, All study subjects had been followed for 27 to 30 years after diet recording in the 8,006-man Honolulu Heart Study cohort. We determined PD outcomes by periodic cohort re-examination and neurologic testing, private physician reports, examination of O'ahu neurologists' office records, and continual death certificate and hospital discharge diagnosis surveillance. Data on vitamin E intake, obtained from three dietary data sets at the time of cohort enrollment (1965 to 1968), included a food-frequency questionnaire and a 24-hour photograph-assisted dietary recall administered by trained dietitians. Although absence of PD was significantly associated with prior consumption of legumes (adjusted OR = 0.27, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.78), a dietary variable preselected for high vitamin E content, neither food categories nor quartiles nor continuous variables of vitamin E consumption were significantly associated with PD occurrence, Though consistent with prior reports of PD protection afforded by legumes, and with speculation on the possible benefits of dietary or supplemental vitamin E in preventing PD, these preliminary data do not conclusively document a beneficial effect of dietary vitamin E on PD occurrence. C1 UNIV HAWAII,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT PUBL HLTH,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV HAWAII,SCH MED,DEPT TROP MED,HONOLULU,HI 96822. NIA,NIH,EAST WEST CTR,HONOLULU,HI. NIA,NIH,NAT HAWAII HLTH PROGRAM,HONOLULU,HI. NIA,NIH,QUEENS MED CTR,HONOLULU,HI. NIA,NIH,US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HONOLULU,HI. NIA,NIH,HONOLULU ASIA AGING STUDY,HONOLULU,HI. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 30371] NR 34 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 4 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY PY 1996 VL 46 IS 5 BP 1270 EP 1274 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UK628 UT WOS:A1996UK62800014 PM 8628465 ER PT J AU Townsend, JC AF Townsend, JC TI Pharmaceutical formulary for the primary care optometrist in a hospital and medical center SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Optometry CY DEC 11, 1994 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Amer Acad Optometry RP Townsend, JC (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 73 IS 5 BP 328 EP 333 DI 10.1097/00006324-199605000-00011 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA UP279 UT WOS:A1996UP27900011 PM 8771588 ER PT J AU Olsen, WA Li, BUK Lloyd, M Korsmo, H AF Olsen, WA Li, BUK Lloyd, M Korsmo, H TI Heterogeneity of intestinal lactase activity in children: Relationship to lactase-phlorizin hydrolase messenger RNA abundance SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ADULT-TYPE HYPOLACTASIA; RAT INTESTINE; EXPRESSION; RABBIT; BIOSYNTHESIS; ENTEROCYTES; DEFICIENCY; ENZYME; AGE AB Despite extensive study in both humans and nonhuman mammals the mechanisms which regulate intestinal lactase activity, particularly during development, are incompletely understood. Our previous studies of human adults are consistent with an important role of lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) mRNA abundance in determining the lactase persistence/nonpersistence phenotypes. Our intent in the present study was to determine the role of LPH mRNA in the regulation of lactase in children. We therefore studied duodenal mucosal biopsies from 39 children undergoing diagnostic upper endoscopy in whom significant small intestinal and nutritional disease was excluded. We found no relationship between the level of LPH mRNA and lactase enzymatic activity. Our observations suggest the importance of posttranscriptional mechanisms in lactase regulation in human children. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GASTROENTEROL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. OHIO STATE UNIV,COLUMBUS CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT PEDIAT,COLUMBUS,OH 43205. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R-29-DK45785] NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0031-3998 J9 PEDIATR RES JI Pediatr. Res. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 39 IS 5 BP 877 EP 881 DI 10.1203/00006450-199605000-00023 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA UG001 UT WOS:A1996UG00100023 PM 8726245 ER PT J AU Mirza, N AF Mirza, N TI Otitis externa - Management in the primary care office SO POSTGRADUATE MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Although mild cases of otitis externa often respond quickly to appropriate therapy, primary care physicians need to be alert to more severe infection, particularly in diabetic and immunocompromised patients. In these cases, uncomplicated infection may progress to deep invasion of bone and become potentially fatal if cranial nerves are affected. prompt referral to an otolaryngologist is recommended. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Mirza, N (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,OTOLARYNGOL SECT,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 0032-5481 J9 POSTGRAD MED JI Postgrad. Med. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 99 IS 5 BP 153 EP & PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UK847 UT WOS:A1996UK84700017 PM 8650083 ER PT J AU Brees, DK Hutchison, FN Cole, GJ Williams, JC AF Brees, DK Hutchison, FN Cole, GJ Williams, JC TI Differential effects of diabetes and glomerulonephritis on glomerular basement membrane composition SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX SYNTHESIS; PASSIVE HEYMANN NEPHRITIS; MESSENGER-RNA LEVELS; HEPARAN-SULFATE; IV COLLAGEN; PROTEINS; NEPHROPATHY; COMPONENTS; GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS; PROTEOGLYCANS AB The hallmark of renal diseases involving the glomerulus is the presence of proteinuria. While the routes of pathogenesis of proteinuria have not been established, alterations in the barrier function of the glomerular basement membrane (GEM) have been implicated, We evaluated the effect of streptozotocin diabetes and passive Heymann nephritis (PHN) over time on the macromolecular composition of rat GEM to determine if changes in composition correlate with proteinuria. Six to twelve rats from each group (control, diabetic, and PHN) were sacrificed 1, 5, 28, 56, or 84 days after induction of disease, Identical amounts of GEM were subjected to a sequential extraction procedure, and type IV collagen, entactin, laminin, fibronectin, and anionic charge content were quantitated in the extracts. Type IV collagen and entactin content did not change with time or disease, Both laminin and fibronectin contents increased with time in GEM in all groups, but this increase was significantly greater in diabetic GEM. A significant decrease in anionic charge content of GBM coincided with the onset of albuminuria at Day 28 in diabetes, but no change was seen in PHN, In diabetic rats, the increase in laminin content over control preceded the onset of albuminuria, while the increase in fibronectin was not apparent until after albuminuria was present, In PHN, no differences in type IV collagen, entactin, laminin, fibronectin, or anionic charge content of GEM were found compared with control, even though profound albuminuria was evident from Day 5 through 84, Thus, while alterations in laminin and fibronectin content may contribute to the loss of glomerular permselectivity in streptozotocin diabetes, such changes apparently are not involved in PHN. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. OHIO STATE UNIV,CTR BIOTECHNOL,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. OI Williams, James/0000-0001-6665-6596 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 43186, DK 39023] NR 42 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 212 IS 1 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA UG751 UT WOS:A1996UG75100009 PM 8618954 ER PT J AU Miotto, K Compton, P Ling, W Conolly, M AF Miotto, K Compton, P Ling, W Conolly, M TI Diagnosing addictive disease in chronic pain patients SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID NON-MALIGNANT PAIN; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; COCAINE ABUSERS; MEDICATION; MANAGEMENT; THERAPY; ALCOHOLICS; COMMUNITY; ONSET; WOMEN AB As opiate therapy is increasingly accepted for the management of chronic pain, the consultation-liaison psychiatrist is often challenged to diagnose and provide treatment recommendations for addictive disease in chronic pain patients. Reviewed are the defining characteristics of addiction within the context of chronic pain, and the interesting commonalities between addictive disease and chronic pain. Guidelines for assessment of addiction in patients with chronic pain are presented, as are suggestions for the management of these concurrent disorders. Underlying this review is a belief that opiates should not be withheld from persons with chronic pain, even in the presence of addictive disease. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LOS ANGELES ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV PSYCHIAT,SUBST ABUSE SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 66 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAY-JUN PY 1996 VL 37 IS 3 BP 223 EP 235 PG 13 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA UG788 UT WOS:A1996UG78800001 PM 8849499 ER PT J AU Williams, DM Grubbs, BG ParkSnyder, S Rank, RG Bonewald, LF AF Williams, DM Grubbs, BG ParkSnyder, S Rank, RG Bonewald, LF TI Activation of latent transforming growth factor beta during Chlamydia trachomatis-induced murine pneumonia SO RESEARCH IN MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cytokine; TGF beta; immunosuppression; Chlamydia trachomatis; RT/PCR; Northern blot; active and latent TGF beta; beta 1 and beta 2 isoforms ID NECROSIS FACTOR-ALPHA; TGF-BETA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; GAMMA-INTERFERON; LYMPHOCYTES-B; HOST DEFENSE; ROLE INVIVO; EXPRESSION; MOUSE AB Transforming growth factor beta (TGF beta) is a multifunctional cytokine with potentially important roles in both host defence and immunopathogenesis. Latent, but more importantly, active TGF beta was significantly elevated in bronchiolar lavage fluid from lungs of mice infected with murine Chlamydia trachomatis. Induction of both latent and active TGF beta in these infected animals was highest at day two after infection (2 to 4-fold) compared with day 15 (1 to 2-fold). Both active and latent TGF beta 1 and TGF beta 2 isoforms were detected. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay showed a slight but significant increase in PCR product for TGF beta 1, but Northern analysis for TGF beta 1 in lung tissue was not significantly different between treatment groups. No significant change was observed for TGF beta 2 mRNA by RT-PCR. The increase in active and latent TGF beta in these lung lavages from mice infected with C. trachomatis appears to be primarily post-transcriptionally regulated. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, DEPT MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV ARKANSAS MED SCI HOSP, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, LITTLE ROCK, AR 72205 USA. RP Williams, DM (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, DIV INFECT DIS, 7703 FLOYD CURL DR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 22380] NR 47 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDITIONS SCIENTIFIQUES ELSEVIER PI PARIS CEDEX 15 PA 141 RUE JAVEL, 75747 PARIS CEDEX 15, FRANCE SN 0923-2508 J9 RES MICROBIOL JI Res. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1996 VL 147 IS 4 BP 251 EP 262 DI 10.1016/0923-2508(96)81385-4 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UD859 UT WOS:A1996UD85900005 PM 8763612 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD Richardson, A AF Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD Richardson, A TI Effect of caloric restriction and aging on transcriptional regulation of IL-2 gene in rat lymphocytes. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 30 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 6 BP 315 EP 315 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA UK861 UT WOS:A1996UK86100545 ER PT J AU Hagenbaugh, A Sharma, S Aranda, R Cheroutre, H Moore, K Dubinett, S Kronenberg, M AF Hagenbaugh, A Sharma, S Aranda, R Cheroutre, H Moore, K Dubinett, S Kronenberg, M TI Altered immune function in IL-10 transgenic mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST MOLEC BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MICRO & IMMUN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,WADSWORTH PULM IMMUN LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. DNAX RES INST MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL INC,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 30 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 6 BP 1781 EP 1781 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA UK861 UT WOS:A1996UK86102010 ER PT J AU Hsu, HC Zhou, T Young, PY Martin, F Mountz, JD AF Hsu, HC Zhou, T Young, PY Martin, F Mountz, JD TI CD2-FAS transgene increases T cell immune response and elevates amyloidosis in the kidney of aged CD-1 mice. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV ALABAMA,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. BIRMINGHAM VAMC,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 30 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 6 BP 2451 EP 2451 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA UK861 UT WOS:A1996UK86102678 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG Karamitsos, C Gentilini, A Abboud, HE AF Choudhury, GG Karamitsos, C Gentilini, A Abboud, HE TI Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI 3 K) regulates glomerular mesangial cell chemotaxis and proliferation: Involvement of mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) dependent and independent pathways. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED & GERIATR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 30 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 6 BP P50 EP P50 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA UK861 UT WOS:A1996UK86100209 ER PT J AU Yonemura, Y Ku, H Hirayama, F Souza, LM Ogawa, M AF Yonemura, Y Ku, H Hirayama, F Souza, LM Ogawa, M TI Interleukin 3 or interleukin 1 abrogates the reconstituting ability of hematopoietic stem cells SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE hematopoiesis; growth factors ID BLOOD CD34+ CELLS; PROGENITOR CELLS; EXVIVO EXPANSION; GROWTH-FACTORS; KIT-LIGAND; DIFFERENTIATION; PROLIFERATION; COLONIES; CULTURE; IL-6 AB Because of their known myelopoietic activities, both interleukin (IL)-3 and IL-1 are often used in combination with other cytokines for in vitro (ex vivo) expansion of stem cells. We have investigated the effects of IL-3 and IL-1 on in vitro expansion of murine hematopoietic stem cells with long-term engraftment capabilities, using a highly purified progenitor population. Lineage-negative, Ly-6A/E(+), c-kit(+) bone marrow cells from male mice were cultured in suspension in the presence of stem cell factor, IL-6, IL-11, and erythropoietin with or without IL-3 or IL-1. Kinetic studies revealed an exponential increase in total nucleated cells and about 10-fold enhancement of nucleated cells by IL-3 during the initial 10 days. Addition of IL-3 hastened the development but significantly suppressed the peak production of colony-forming cells. Addition of IL-1 also significantly suppressed the numbers of colony-forming cells. The reconstituting ability of the cultured cells was tested by transplanting the expanded male cells into lethally irradiated female mice, The cells expanded from enriched cells in the absence of IL-3 and IL-1 revealed engraftment at 2, 4, 5, and 6 months, whereas addition of IL-3 or IL-1 to the cultures significantly reduced the reconstituting ability. The results suggest that these cytokines mag. have a modulatory role on the self-renewal of stem cells and further indicate that the use of IL-3 and IL-1 for in vitro expansion of human stem cells needs to be cautiously evaluated. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. AMGEN INC,THOUSAND OAKS,CA 91320. RP Yonemura, Y (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK/HL48714, DK32294] NR 32 TC 161 Z9 163 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 30 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 9 BP 4040 EP 4044 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.9.4040 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UK557 UT WOS:A1996UK55700057 PM 8633013 ER PT J AU Lane, MA Baer, DJ Rumpler, WV Weindruch, R Ingram, DK Tilmont, EM Cutler, RG Roth, GS AF Lane, MA Baer, DJ Rumpler, WV Weindruch, R Ingram, DK Tilmont, EM Cutler, RG Roth, GS TI Calorie restriction lowers body temperature in rhesus monkeys, consistent with a postulated anti-aging mechanism in rodents SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE aging; Macaca mulatta; locomotor activity; circadian rhythm; heart rate ID DIETARY RESTRICTION; FOOD RESTRICTION; METABOLIC-RATE; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; ENERGY-METABOLISM; FISCHER-344 RATS; MICE; ADULT; VARIABLES; LONGEVITY AB Many studies of caloric restriction (CR) in rodents and lower animals indicate that this nutritional manipulation retards aging processes, as evidenced by increased longevity, reduced pathology, and maintenance of physiological function in a more youthful state. The anti-aging effects of CR are believed to relate, at least in part, to changes in energy metabolism. We are attempting to determine whether similar effects occur in response to CR in nonhuman primates. Core (rectal) body temperature decreased progressively with age from 2 to 30 years in rhesus monkeys fed ad lib (controls) and is reduced by approximate to 0.5 degrees C in age-matched monkeys subjected to 6 years of a 30% reduction in caloric intake. A short-term (1 month) 30% restriction of 2.5-year-old monkeys lowered subcutaneous body temperature by 1.0 degrees C. Indirect calorimetry showed that 24-hr energy expenditure was reduced by approximately 24% during short-term CR. The temporal association between reduced body temperature and energy expenditure suggests that reductions in body temperature relate to the induction of an energy conservation mechanism during CR. These reductions in body temperature and energy expenditure are consistent with findings in rodent studies in which aging rate was retarded by CR, now strengthening the possibility that CR may exert beneficial effects in primates analogous to those observed in rodents. C1 USDA ARS,BELTSVILLE HUMAN NUTR RES CTR,DIET & HUMAN PERFORMANCE LAB,BELTSVILLE,MD 20705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI 53706. RP Lane, MA (reprint author), NIA,MOLEC PHYSIOL & GENET SECT,NATHAN W SHOCK LABS,GERONTOL RES CTR,NIH,BAYVIEW MED CTR,BALTIMORE,MD 21224, USA. NR 43 TC 204 Z9 207 U1 0 U2 10 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD APR 30 PY 1996 VL 93 IS 9 BP 4159 EP 4164 DI 10.1073/pnas.93.9.4159 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UK557 UT WOS:A1996UK55700078 PM 8633033 ER PT J AU Jenden, DJ Scremin, OU Roch, M Li, G AF Jenden, DJ Scremin, OU Roch, M Li, G TI The influence of aging on whole body choline release and clearance SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Festschrift on Cholinergic and Related Mechanisms in Aging and Disease - A Tribute to Donald J Jenden, MD CY NOV 17-18, 1995 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA SP Loyola Univ Chicago Stritch Sch Med, Neurosci & Aging Inst HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES DE choline release; choline clearance; hypoxia; age; deuterium labelling; pharmacokinetics AB We have confirmed that hypoxia elicits a substantial rise in blood choline levels in young adult rats. An intravenous infusion of tracer quantities of [H-2(4)]-Ch, serial measurements of blood [H-2(0)]-Ch and [H-2(4)]-Ch, and a simple pharmacokinetic model were used to assess the bidirectional nux of choline between the central pool and peripheral pools before, during and after a period of imposed hypoxia, in rats ranging fi-om 56 to 780 days of age. The results indicate that the age-dependence of the hypercholinemic response to hypoxia is predominantly due to an increase in the amount of choline released in response to hypoxia, and that changes in its clearance are relatively unimportant. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GERIATR RES & EDUC CLIN CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Jenden, DJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD APR 26 PY 1996 VL 58 IS 22 BP 2003 EP 2009 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(96)00191-9 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UH285 UT WOS:A1996UH28500014 PM 8637430 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Jenden, DJ AF Scremin, OU Jenden, DJ TI Cholinergic control of cerebral blood flow in stroke, trauma and aging SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Scientific Festschrift on Cholinergic and Related Mechanisms in Aging and Disease - A Tribute to Donald J Jenden, MD CY NOV 17-18, 1995 CL UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA SP Loyola Univ Chicago Stritch Sch Med, Neurosci & Aging Inst HO UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES DE cerebrovascular circulation; acetylcholine; choline; brain injuries; aging ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; RAT-BRAIN; PLASMA CHOLINE; ACETYLCHOLINE; METABOLISM; DEMENTIA; VASODILATATION; AUTOREGULATION; STIMULATION; TURNOVER AB Enhancing the availability of endogenous acetylcholine by inhibition of cholinesterase with physostigmine, eptastigmine or soman at sub-toxic doses increases cerebral blood flow (CBF) and the response of this variable to changes in PaCO2. These effects are not correlated with metabolic activation, suggesting that the function of the cholinergic vasodilatation is not merely to supply metabolic substrates. Since choline (Ch) can exchange between blood and the brain extracellular milieu the stage is set for possible feedback interactions between ACh synthesis and CBF. A negative feedback of CBF on ACh synthesis under conditions of a negative arteriovenous (A-V) difference for Ch across cerebral capillaries may contribute to stabilize CBF in ischemia. Eptastigmine and physostigmine significantly improve perfusion in experimental models of focal cerebral ischemia and traumatic brain injury respectively. During the short periods of time in which the A-V difference for Ch across the brain is positive, a positive feedback between cerebral free Ch and CBF may enhance the ability of the brain to recover Ch from the circulation for synthesis of membrane phospholipids. A loss of cholinergic cerebrovascular control may thus impair the survival of all cells within the CNS and contribute to the pathophysiology of dementia. Perhaps the view that the loss of cholinergic cells is the end point of Alzheimer's dementia could be modified to state that a cholinergic deficit may be the starting point of a decline in cerebral phospholipid turnover and cell membrane renewal that could lead to a generalized deterioration of cerebral function. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC & MED PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT BIOMATH,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GERIATR RES & EDUC CLIN CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 44 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD APR 26 PY 1996 VL 58 IS 22 BP 2011 EP 2018 DI 10.1016/0024-3205(96)00192-0 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UH285 UT WOS:A1996UH28500015 PM 8637431 ER PT J AU Igarashi, P Whyte, DA Li, K Nagami, GT AF Igarashi, P Whyte, DA Li, K Nagami, GT TI Cloning and kidney cell-specific activity of the promoter of the murine renal Na-K-Cl cotransporter gene SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID EPITHELIAL-CELLS; RAT-TISSUES; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS AB The murine Nkcc2/Slc12a1 gene encodes a bumetanide sensitive Na-K-Cl cotransporter that is expressed exclusively in the kidney in the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle, Nuclear run-off assays demonstrated that kidney-specific expression of Nkcc2 was due, at least in part, to kidney-specific gene transcription, To begin study of the gene promoter, a genomic clone that contained 13.5 kilobases of the 5'-flanking region of Nkcc2 was isolated. A single transcription initiation site was located 1330 base pairs (bp) upstream of the start codon. The sequence of the proximal 5'-flanking region contained typical eukaryotic promoter elements including a TATA box, two CCAAT boxes, and an initiator, A (G-A)(28) (C-T)(28) microsatellite and consensus binding sites for hepatocyte nuclear factor 1, cAMP-response element binding protein, CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins, and basic helix-loop-helix proteins, were also identified, To functionally express the promoter, 2255 bp of the proximal 5'-flanking region was ligated to a luciferase reporter gene and transfected into thick ascending limb (TAL) cells, a stable cell line derived from microdissected loops of Henle of the Tg(SV40E)Bri7 mouse. TAL cells exhibited furosemide-sensitive Na-K(NH4+)-Cl cotransport activity and endogenously expressed the 5.0-kilobase Nkcc2 transcript. Luciferase activity was 130-fold greater following transfection into TAL cells compared with transfection into cells that did not express Nkcc2 (NIH 3T3 fibroblasts). Deletion analysis revealed that promoter activity in TAL cells was similar in constructs extending from the transcription initiation site to -1529 to -469, whereas further deletion to -190 resulted in a 76% decrease in activity, We conclude that the Nkcc2 promoter exhibits kidney cell-specific activity. Regulatory elements required for maximal promoter activity are located in a 280-bp DNA segment that contains consensus binding sites for several transcription factors expressed in the kidney. C1 YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. W LOS ANGELES DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MED CTR,MED & RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Igarashi, P (reprint author), YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEPHROL SECT,DEPT INTERNAL MED,333 CEDAR ST,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520, USA. OI Igarashi, Peter/0000-0001-8698-1185 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK-42921, R01 DK-44122, T32 DK-07276] NR 43 TC 84 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 19 PY 1996 VL 271 IS 16 BP 9666 EP 9674 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA UG044 UT WOS:A1996UG04400073 PM 8621642 ER PT J AU Stolwijk, J Saftlas, A Fleissner, ML Mather, S AF Stolwijk, J Saftlas, A Fleissner, ML Mather, S TI Workshop on the public health response to nasopharyngeal radium irradiation (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 45, pg 254-256, 1995) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CONNECTICUT DEPT PUBL HLTH,HARTFORD,CT. ASSOC STATE & TERR HLTH OFFICERS,WASHINGTON,DC. CDC,RADIAT STUDIES BR,DIV ENVIRONM HAZARDS & HLTH EFFECTS,NATL CTR ENVIRONM HLTH,ATLANTA,GA 30333. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OFF PUBL HLTH & ENVIRONM HAZARDS,WASHINGTON,DC 20422. RP Stolwijk, J (reprint author), YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & PUBL HLTH,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 17 PY 1996 VL 275 IS 15 BP 1151 EP 1151 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UE625 UT WOS:A1996UE62500006 ER PT J AU Ramirez, G AF Ramirez, G TI Evidence-based medicine: The cochrane collaboration SO HOSPITAL PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material RP Ramirez, G (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO COCHRANE CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MCGRAW HILL HEALTHCARE PUBLICATIONS PI MINNEAPOLIS PA 4530 WEST 77TH ST, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55435-5000 SN 8750-2836 J9 HOSP PRACT JI Hosp. Pract. PD APR 15 PY 1996 VL 31 IS 4 BP 11 EP & PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UF106 UT WOS:A1996UF10600001 PM 8609178 ER PT J AU Love, RB Conhaim, RL Harms, BA AF Love, RB Conhaim, RL Harms, BA TI Effects of University of Wisconsin and Euro-Collins solutions on interstitial pulmonary edema in isolated rat lungs SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID UW SOLUTION; PRESERVATION; HYPOPROTEINEMIA; TRANSPLANTATION; SHEEP AB Macromolecules are present in lung preservation solutions to limit liquid filtration out of the pulmonary circulation and minimize pulmonary edema. We tested the effectiveness of these molecules by measuring interstitial edema in rat lungs perfused with macromolecular solutions (University of Wisconsin [UW] solution and Euro-Collins solution supplemented with modified pentastarch [pentafraction, PEN]), or with solutions that lacked macromolecules (UW solution without PEN and Euro-Collins solution.) The lungs were inflated with air and perfused with one of the test solutions, then rapidly frozen and prepared for histological analysis. From tissue sections, we measured cross-sectional areas of pulmonary arteries and veins, and also measured cross-sectional areas of interstitial spaces surrounding arteries and veins. We then calculated the interstitium-to-vessel cross-sectional area ratio. In lungs perfused with macromolecular solutions these ratios were 0.09 +/ -0.15 and 0.53 +/- 0.56 (mean +/- SD) for UW solution and Euro-Collins solution with PEN, respectively (P less than or equal to 0.05). In lungs perfused with solutions that lacked macromolecules, area ratios were 0.48 +/- 0.88 and 1.95 +/- 1.82 for UW solution without PEN and Euro-Collins solution, respectively (P less than or equal to 0.05). Solutions containing PEN caused less interstitial expansion than their counterparts that lacked it, but UW solution without PEN caused interstitial expansion equal to that of Euro-Collins solution with PEN. We conclude that macromolecules limit edema formation, but other constituents of UW solution limit edema formation also. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53705. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46236, HL49985] NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD APR 15 PY 1996 VL 61 IS 7 BP 1014 EP 1018 DI 10.1097/00007890-199604150-00005 PG 5 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA UF704 UT WOS:A1996UF70400005 PM 8623178 ER PT J AU Yu, CE Oshima, J Fu, YH Wijsman, EM Hisama, F Alisch, R Matthews, S Nakura, J Miki, T Ouais, S Martin, GM Mulligan, J Schellenberg, GD AF Yu, CE Oshima, J Fu, YH Wijsman, EM Hisama, F Alisch, R Matthews, S Nakura, J Miki, T Ouais, S Martin, GM Mulligan, J Schellenberg, GD TI Positional cloning of the Warner's syndrome gene SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VARIEGATED TRANSLOCATION MOSAICISM; WERNERS SYNDROME; XERODERMA-PIGMENTOSUM; FIBROBLAST-CULTURES; PUTATIVE HELICASES; DNA HELICASE; REPAIR; RECOMBINATION; CHROMOSOME-8; LYMPHOCYTES AB Werner's syndrome (WS) is an inherited disease with clinical symptoms resembling premature aging. Early susceptibility to a number of major age-related diseases is a key feature of this disorder. The gene responsible for WS (known as WRN) was identified by positional cloning. The predicted protein is 1432 amino acids in length and shows significant similarity to DNA helicases. Four mutations in WS patients were identified. Two of the mutations are splice-junction mutations, with the predicted result being the exclusion of exons from the final messenger RNA. One of these mutations, which results in a frameshift and a predicted truncated protein, was found in the homozygous state in 60 percent of Japanese WS patients examined. The other two mutations are nonsense mutations. The identification of a mutated putative helicase as the gene product of the WS gene suggests that defective DNA metabolism is involved in the complex process of aging in WS patients. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT NEUROL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHARMACOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PATHOL,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT BIOSTAT,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DIV MED GENET,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. DARWIN MOLEC CORP,BOTHELL,WA 98021. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. DAMASCUS CITY HOSP,ENDOCRINOL SECT,DAMASCUS,SYRIA. OSAKA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GERIATR MED,SUITA,OSAKA 565,JAPAN. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01 AG01751, R01 AG12019, T32 AG00057] NR 58 TC 1237 Z9 1264 U1 0 U2 30 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD APR 12 PY 1996 VL 272 IS 5259 BP 258 EP 262 DI 10.1126/science.272.5259.258 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA UE729 UT WOS:A1996UE72900039 PM 8602509 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD AF Pahlavani, MA Harris, MD TI The age-related changes in DNA binding activity of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and OCT-1 transcription factors in lymphocytes from rats SO AGE LA English DT Article ID CD4+ T-CELLS; C-FOS; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; OLD MICE; ACTIVATION; GENES; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; ELEMENT; YOUNG AB The effect of aging on the induction of the ubiquitous transcription factors AP-1, NF-kappa B, and OCT-1 by concanavalin A (conA) was studied in nuclear extracts from spleen lymphocytes isolated from young (6 mo) and old (24 mo) male Fischer 344 rats. The induction of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and OCt-1 DNA binding activities were significantly lower (35 to 60%) in nuclear extracts from spleen lymphocytes isolated from old rats compared to nuclear extracts from spleen lymphocytes isolated from young rats. Because the transcription factor AP-1 consists of heterodimers of Fos and Jun oncoproteins, the induction of c-fos and c-jun expression (mRNA levels) by conA stimulated lymphocytes was measured using northern blot analysis. ConA induction of c-fos mRNA but not c-jun mRNA decreased approximately 70% with age. Therefore, the age-related decrease in the induction of AP-1 transcription factor appears to arise from alterations in c-fos expression. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC 182,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 45 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER AGING ASSOC PI CHESTER PA 2129 PROVIDENCE AVENUE, CHESTER, PA 19013 SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD APR PY 1996 VL 19 IS 2 BP 45 EP 54 DI 10.1007/BF02434070 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA VG835 UT WOS:A1996VG83500002 ER PT J AU Tanaka, R Barnes, MA Cooper, G Zile, MR AF Tanaka, R Barnes, MA Cooper, G Zile, MR TI Effects of anisosmotic stress on cardiac muscle cell length, diameter, area, and sarcomere length SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE osmolarity; stiffness; cat; rat; adult; mammal ID SCANNING ACOUSTIC MICROSCOPY; VENTRICULAR MYOCYTES; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; OSMOTIC COMPRESSION; PASSIVE STIFFNESS; HEART-CELLS; VOLUME; FORCE; FROG; TENSION AB The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of anisosmotic stress on adult mammalian cardiac muscle cell (cardiocyte) size. Cardiocyte size and sarcomere length were measured in cardiocytes isolated from 10 normal rats and 10 normal cats. Superfusate osmolarity was decreased from 300 +/- 6 to 130 +/- 5 mosM and increased to 630 +/- 8 mosM. Cardiocyte size and sarcomere length increased progressively when osmolarity was decreased, and there were no significant differences between cat and rat cardiocytes with respect to percent change in cardiocyte area or diameter; however, there were significant differences in cardiocyte length (2.8 +/- 0.3% in cat vs. 6.1 +/- 0.3% in rat, P < 0.05) and sarcomere length (3.3 +/- 0.3% in cat vs. 6.4 +/- 0.3% in rat, P < 0.05). To determine whether these species-dependent differences in length were related to diastolic interaction of the contractile elements or differences in relative passive stiffness, cardiocytes were subjected to the osmolarity gradient 1) during treatment with 7 mM 2,3-butanedione monoxime (BDM), which inhibits cross-bridge interaction, or 2) after pretreatment with 1 mM ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), a bivalent Ca2+ chelator. Treatment with EGTA or BDM abolished the differences between cat and rat cardiocytes. Species-dependent differences therefore appeared to be related to the degree of diastolic cross-bridge association and not differences in relative passive stiffness. In conclusion, the osmolarity vs. cell size relation is useful in assessing the cardiocyte response to anisosmotic stress and may in future studies be useful in assessing changes in relative passive cardiocyte stiffness produced by pathological processes. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MED, DIV CARDIOL, GAZES CARDIAC RES INST, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. NR 48 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 270 IS 4 BP H1414 EP H1422 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA UE416 UT WOS:A1996UE41600035 ER PT J AU Barquist, E Bonaz, B Martinez, V Rivier, J Zinner, MJ Tache, Y AF Barquist, E Bonaz, B Martinez, V Rivier, J Zinner, MJ Tache, Y TI Neuronal pathways involved in abdominal surgery-induced gastric ileus in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corticotropin-releasing factor; capsaicin; splanchnic afferent; c-fos; paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; nucleus of the solitary tract; supraoptic nucleus; locus ceruleus ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; SPINAL-CORD; GASTROINTESTINAL TRANSIT; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEI; SENSORY NEURONS; CAPSAICIN; CRF; INHIBITION; HYPOTHALAMUS AB The 20-min rate of gastric emptying of a noncaloric solution and c-fos expression detected by immunohistochemistry in the brain were monitored 3 h after abdominal surgery performed under 10-min enflurane anesthesia in rats. Abdominal surgery (laparotomy and 1-min manipulation of the cecum) decreased gastric emptying from 60.8 +/- 3.4 to 25.9 +/- 3.4%. Capsaicin applied to the celiac/superior mesenteric ganglia 2 wk before the experiment reduced the delay in gastric emptying induced by abdominal surgery (46.3 +/- 3.4%), whereas perivagal capsaicin application had no effect (23.6 +/- 7.9%). The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) antagonist [D-Phe(12),Nle(21,38),C(alpha)MeLeu(37)]CRF-(12-41) injected intracisternally (10-20 pg) prevented postoperative gastroparesis induced by surgery, while having no effect on basal gastric emptying. Abdominal surgery increased the number of Fos-positive cells in brain nuclei regulating autonomic outflow: the nucleus of the solitary tract, locus ceruleus, paraventricular nucleus, and supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus. These data indicate that; capsaicin-sensitive splanchnic afferent fibers and activation of CRF receptors in the brain are part of the neuronal circuitry mediating gastric stasis 3 h after abdominal surgery. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. SALK INST BIOL STUDIES, CLAYTON FDN LABS, LA JOLLA, CA 92038 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT SURG, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK-33061]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 37 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 270 IS 4 BP R888 EP R894 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA UD269 UT WOS:A1996UD26900024 PM 8967419 ER PT J AU Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT AF Leaf, DA Kleinman, MT TI Acute exposure to carbon monoxide does not affect plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins SO ANGIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Study objectives: To examine the effects of acute exposure to carbon monoxide and hypoxia on plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins. Design: Random-order assignment to blinded, inhaled exposures of carbon monoxide and hypoxia. Setting: Research laboratory of ambulatory subjects. Subjects: 10 elderly, male nonsmokers with chronic stable angina. Intervention: Random-order two-hour inhaled exposure to clean air at sea level, carbon monoxide at sea level, carbon monoxide at high altitude, and clean air at high altitude. Measurements: Fasting plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins before and after exposures. Results: No differences were noted between fasting plasma lipid, lipoprotein, or apolipoprotein levels before and after exposures. Conclusion: Acute exposure to carbon monoxide and high altitude does not affect fasting plasma lipid, lipoprotein, or apolipoprotein levels. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT COMMUNITY & ENVIRONM MED,IRVINE,CA 92717. RP Leaf, DA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED 691111G,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC PI GLEN HEAD PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 SN 0003-3197 J9 ANGIOLOGY JI Angiology PD APR PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 BP 337 EP 341 DI 10.1177/000331979604700403 PG 5 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UF257 UT WOS:A1996UF25700003 PM 8619505 ER PT J AU Villareal, MS Klaustermeyer, WB Hahn, TJ Gordon, EH AF Villareal, MS Klaustermeyer, WB Hahn, TJ Gordon, EH TI Osteoporosis in steroid-dependent asthma SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLUCOCORTICOID-INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS; BONE LOSS; THERAPY; COMPLICATIONS; DISEASE AB Background: Patients on prolonged corticosteroid therapy are at risk of developing osteoporosis. Some patients with severe asthma are difficult to wean off corticosteroids and are therefore at risk of developing bony complications due to steroids. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of cumulative steroid dosage and duration of therapy with osteoporosis. Methods: We obtained bone mineral density studies using dual photon absorptiometry, and radiographs of the lumbar spine of 16 steroid-dependent patients with asthma. Patients with conditions affecting bone metabolism were excluded. Results: We studied 16 male steroid-dependent patients with asthma who received 4 to 41 grams equivalent dose of prednisone over a period of 1 to 15 years. The overall prevalence rate for abnormal age-matched bone mineral density was 50%. Abnormal bone mineral density was more commonly noted in the lumbar spine (38%) than in the femoral neck (19%). The lowest dose of corticosteroid associated with a decrease in bone mineral density was a cumulative steroid dose of 5.6 equivalent grams-prednisone. Conclusion: Prolonged corticosteroid therapy can cause significant osteoporosis among male patients with steroid-dependent asthma. Bone loss due to corticosteroid therapy occurs at different rates at different bony sites. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ALLERGY & IMMUNOL SECT IIIR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 76 IS 4 BP 369 EP 372 PG 4 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA UF806 UT WOS:A1996UF80600012 PM 8612121 ER PT J AU Mulrow, C AF Mulrow, C TI Tributes to Thomas Chalmers SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter RP Mulrow, C (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 124 IS 7 BP 696 EP 696 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UB513 UT WOS:A1996UB51300023 ER PT J AU DeBoer, DA Margolis, ML Livornese, D Bell, KA Livolsi, VA Bavaria, JE AF DeBoer, DA Margolis, ML Livornese, D Bell, KA Livolsi, VA Bavaria, JE TI Pulmonary venous aneurysm presenting as a middle mediastinal mass SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB A large mediastinal mass in a 43-year-old man was proven at thoracotomy to comprise a right superior pulmonary vein aneurysm. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography was useful in defining the abnormality. Pulmonary venous aneurysm appears to represent an extremely rare but surgically correctable addition to the differential diagnosis of middle mediastinal masses. C1 HOSP UNIV PENN,DEPT CARDIOTHORAC SURG,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. HOSP UNIV PENN,DEPT PATHOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV PULM,PHILADELPHIA,PA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD APR PY 1996 VL 61 IS 4 BP 1261 EP 1262 DI 10.1016/0003-4975(95)00980-9 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA UD082 UT WOS:A1996UD08200064 PM 8607703 ER PT J AU OBrien, CP Childress, AR McElgin, W Mozley, PD Fitzgerald, J Reivich, M AF OBrien, CP Childress, AR McElgin, W Mozley, PD Fitzgerald, J Reivich, M TI Brain imaging correlates of cue-induced cocaine craving SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 36 EP 36 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300032 ER PT J AU Young, AS Nuechterlein, KH Mintz, J Ventura, J Gitlin, M Liberman, RP AF Young, AS Nuechterlein, KH Mintz, J Ventura, J Gitlin, M Liberman, RP TI Suicidal ideation and behavior in recent-onset schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RI Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 75 EP 75 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300071 ER PT J AU New, AS Yehuda, R Steinberg, B Trestman, RL Mitropoulou, V Coccaro, EF Siever, LJ AF New, AS Yehuda, R Steinberg, B Trestman, RL Mitropoulou, V Coccaro, EF Siever, LJ TI Self-reported abuse and biological measures in personality disorders SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. MED COLL HOSP,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 121 EP 121 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300117 ER PT J AU Zale, C New, AS Trestman, RL Mitropoulou, V Siever, L AF Zale, C New, AS Trestman, RL Mitropoulou, V Siever, L TI Serum cholesterol and impulsive aggressive behavior in personality disorder patients SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 122 EP 122 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300118 ER PT J AU Serby, M Kalkstein, D Aryan, M Schmeidler, J AF Serby, M Kalkstein, D Aryan, M Schmeidler, J TI An analysis of olfactory deficits in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,BRONX,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 175 EP 175 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300171 ER PT J AU McGurk, SR Green, MF Wirshing, WC Ames, D Marshall, BD Marder, SR AF McGurk, SR Green, MF Wirshing, WC Ames, D Marshall, BD Marder, SR TI The effects of risperidone vs haloperidol on spatial working memory in treatment-resistant schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CAMARILLO RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 245 EP 245 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300237 ER PT J AU Roitman, SEL Keefe, RSE Dupre, RL Siever, LJ AF Roitman, SEL Keefe, RSE Dupre, RL Siever, LJ TI Visuospatial working memory in schizotypal personality disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DURHAM,NC 27710. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 266 EP 266 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300258 ER PT J AU vanGorp, WG Altshuler, LL Dixon, W Theberge, DC AF vanGorp, WG Altshuler, LL Dixon, W Theberge, DC TI Cognitive impairment in euthymic patients with bipolar affective disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 277 EP 277 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300269 ER PT J AU Kirrane, R Trestman, R Mitropoulou, V Cornblatt, B Siever, L AF Kirrane, R Trestman, R Mitropoulou, V Cornblatt, B Siever, L TI Effects of amphetamine on cognitive impairment in schizotypal personality disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 280 EP 280 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300272 ER PT J AU Flach, KA Gerhardt, GA Freedman, R Adler, LE AF Flach, KA Gerhardt, GA Freedman, R Adler, LE TI Sensory gating in a computer model of the CA3 neural network of the hippocampus SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DENVER,CO 80262. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,DENVER,CO 80262. DENVER VAMC,DENVER,CO. RI Moxon, Karen/K-7407-2012 OI Moxon, Karen/0000-0002-5790-097X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 446 EP 446 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300431 ER PT J AU Stroe, A Amin, F Kahn, T Knott, P AF Stroe, A Amin, F Kahn, T Knott, P TI Is circadian variation of plasma HVA related to its renal excretion? SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VAMC,HOUSTON,TX 77030. MT SINAI SCH MED,BRONX VAMC,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 457 EP 457 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300442 ER PT J AU Amin, F Kahn, T Knott, P AF Amin, F Kahn, T Knott, P TI Control of renal factors in plasma HVA measurements SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON VAMC,HOUSTON,TX 77030. MT SINAI SCH MED,BRONX VAMC,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 458 EP 458 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300443 ER PT J AU Adler, LE Waldo, MC McRae, KA Cawthra, E Nagamoto, HT Hoffer, L Johnson, M Gerhardt, G AF Adler, LE Waldo, MC McRae, KA Cawthra, E Nagamoto, HT Hoffer, L Johnson, M Gerhardt, G TI Differing relationship of cholinergic and catecholaminergic neurotransmission to sensory gating in schizophrenic patients, bipolar patients, and normal subjects SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,BOULDER,CO 80309. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,BOULDER,CO 80309. DENVER VAMC,DENVER,CO. MED UNIV S CAROLINA SCH,INST PSYCHIAT,CHARLESTON,IL. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 514 EP 514 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300499 ER PT J AU Peskind, ER Elrod, R Digiacomo, L Veith, RC Raskind, MA AF Peskind, ER Elrod, R Digiacomo, L Veith, RC Raskind, MA TI CSF epinephrine in aging and Alzheimer's disease SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 7 BP 542 EP 542 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UE893 UT WOS:A1996UE89300527 ER PT J AU Lynch, MW Rutecki, PA Sutula, TP AF Lynch, MW Rutecki, PA Sutula, TP TI The effects of seizures on the brain SO CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MEMORY; NMDA AB Since the time of Sommer's review of hippocampal pathology and Gower's tenet that 'seizures beget seizures' there has been interest in changes in brain structure and function that may be associated with epilepsy. From recent experimental studies and clinical observations, there is increasing evidence that epilepsy is not only associated with structural and functional alterations in the nervous system, but also that seizures induce a diverse variety of molecular, cellular, and functional alterations in the brain. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NEUROL,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT NEUROSURG,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ANAT,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,NEUROSCI TRAINING PROGRAM,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-25020, NS-28580] NR 70 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU CURRENT SCIENCE PI PHILADELPHIA PA 400 MARKET STREET,SUITE 750 ATTN:SARAH WHEALEN/SUB MGR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1350-7540 J9 CURR OPIN NEUROL JI Curr. Opin. Neurol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 9 IS 2 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1097/00019052-199604000-00007 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UN971 UT WOS:A1996UN97100007 PM 8782975 ER PT J AU Giordano, M Castellino, P DeFronzo, RA AF Giordano, M Castellino, P DeFronzo, RA TI Differential responsiveness of protein synthesis and degradation to amino acid availability in humans SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID WHOLE-BODY LEUCINE; LYSINE METABOLISM; YOUNG MEN; INSULIN; TURNOVER; GLUCOSE; PLASMA; MEAL; NUTRITION; KINETICS AB We investigated the effects of graded hyperaminoacidemia on protein metabolism in eight healthy, young (25 +/- 2 years), normal weight (BMI = 25 +/- 1 kg/m(2)) overnight-fasted human subjects. A balanced amino acid solution was infused for 180 min at five different rates: 0.5 (study I), 1.0 (study II), 2.0 (study III), 4.0 (study IV), and 6.0 (study V) mg . kg(-1). min(-1) on separate days in random order. Studies were performed with [1-C-14]leucine infusion and indirect calorimetry to calculate leucine oxidation (LOX), nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) (an index of protein synthesis), and endogenous leucine flux (ELF) (an index of proteolysis). Basal total plasma amino acid concentrations averaged 1.85 +/- 0.1 mmol/l and increased to 2.27 +/- 0.1, 2.70 +/- 0.2, 3.84 +/- 0.2, 5.87 +/- 0.4, and 7.52 +/- 0.3 mmol/l in studies I-V, respectively. ELF decreased from a basal value of 2.27 +/- 0.2 to 2.12 +/- 0.2, 1.97 +/- 0.1, 1.73 +/- 0.2, 1.67 +/- 0.3, and 1.65 +/- 0.1 mu mol/l . kg(-1). min(-1) in studies I-V, respectively (P < 0.05 for study I vs. basal, P < 0.01 for studies II-V vs. basal, and NS for studies IV and V vs. study III). LOX increased from a basal value of 0.31 +/- 0.04 to 0.38 +/- 0.05, 0.41 +/- 0.02 0.64 +/- 0.04, 1.11 +/- 0.07, and 1.56 +/- 0.05 mu mol . kg(-1). min(-1) in studies I-V (all P < 0.01 vs. basal; P < 0.05-0.01 for each study vs. preceding study). Basal NOLD averaged 1.96 +/- 0.2 and did not change significantly in studies I and II (2.03 +/- 0.2 and 2.10 +/- 0.1 mu mol . kg(-1). min(-1)). In contrast, a significant increase in NOLD was observed in studies III, IV, and V (to 2.3 +/- 0.15, 2.74 +/- 0.2, and 3.25 +/- 0.7 mu mol . kg(-1). min(-1), respectively; all (P < 0.01 vs. basal; P < 0.05-0.01 for each study vs. preceding study). The net leucine balance (difference between ELF and NOLD) (-0.31 +/- 0.06 mu mol . kg(-1). min(-1)) became less negative in study I (P < 0.01 vs. basal) and positive during studies II-V when the rise in plasma total amino acid levels was greater than or equal to 50% above basal level (P < 0.01 vs. each preceding study). In conclusion, NOLD, ELF, and LOX exhibit a differential responsiveness to acute changes in substrate availability: 1) small increments (25-50%) in plasma amino acid levels inhibit ELF and stimulate LOX but have no effect on NOLD; 2) stimulation of NOLD is observed only with increments in plasma amino acid levels greater than or equal to 100% above basal values; and 3) increments in plasma amino acid concentrations >100% above basal values cause a progressive dose-related increase in LOX and NOLD but do not induce any further inhibition of ELF. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIABET DIV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV NAPLES 2,INST INTERNAL MED & NEPHROL,NAPLES,ITALY. OI CASTELLINO, Pietro/0000-0002-9014-2007 NR 30 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD APR PY 1996 VL 45 IS 4 BP 393 EP 399 DI 10.2337/diabetes.45.4.393 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UM981 UT WOS:A1996UM98100002 PM 8603758 ER PT J AU LopesVirella, MF Klein, RL Virella, G AF LopesVirella, MF Klein, RL Virella, G TI Modification of lipoproteins in diabetes SO DIABETES-METABOLISM REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; MONOCYTE-DERIVED MACROPHAGES; HERITABLE HYPERLIPIDEMIC RABBIT; CIRCULATING IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; SUBCUTANEOUS INSULIN INFUSION; NON-ENZYMATIC GLYCOSYLATION; HUMAN-ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER ACCUMULATION C1 RALPH H JOHSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46815] NR 180 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0742-4221 J9 DIABETES METAB REV JI Diabetes-Metab. Rev. PD APR PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 69 EP 90 PG 22 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UJ863 UT WOS:A1996UJ86300006 PM 8861502 ER PT J AU Atiya, A Moldovan, S Adrian, T Coy, D Walsh, J Brunicardi, FC AF Atiya, A Moldovan, S Adrian, T Coy, D Walsh, J Brunicardi, FC TI Intraislet somatostatin inhibits insulin but not islet amyloid polypeptide secretion via a subtype-2 somatostatin receptor in the isolated perfused human pancreas. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT SURG, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. CREIGHTON UNIV, DEPT PHYSIOL, OMAHA, NE 68178 USA. TULANE UNIV, DEPT MED, NEW ORLEANS, LA 70118 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1373 EP A1373 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73705464 ER PT J AU Chang, L Munakata, J An, K Saba, L Naliboff, B Procaccino, F Mayer, EA AF Chang, L Munakata, J An, K Saba, L Naliboff, B Procaccino, F Mayer, EA TI Evidence for the activation of endogenous pain modulation system in ulcerative colitis (UC). SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, HARBOR MED CTR, CTR INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DIS, TORRANCE, CA 90509 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL & MED, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A645 EP A645 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702564 ER PT J AU Chen, MC Bunnett, N Soll, AH AF Chen, MC Bunnett, N Soll, AH TI Endogenous ligands for the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) regulate tight junction (TJ) permeability. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90078 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A80 EP A80 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73700314 ER PT J AU Cohen, PA Mak, KM Kessova, I Koivisto, T Mishin, VM Rosman, AS Lieber, CS AF Cohen, PA Mak, KM Kessova, I Koivisto, T Mishin, VM Rosman, AS Lieber, CS TI Immunohistochemical determination of cytochrome P4502E1 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver samples correlates with Western blot analysis. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR, CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT, NEW YORK, NY 10468 USA. MT SINAI SCH MED, NEW YORK, NY 10468 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1173 EP A1173 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704669 ER PT J AU Dohmen, K Baraona, E Ishibashi, H Pozzato, G Moretti, M Matsunaga, C Fujimoto, K Lieber, CS AF Dohmen, K Baraona, E Ishibashi, H Pozzato, G Moretti, M Matsunaga, C Fujimoto, K Lieber, CS TI Ethnic differences in gastric sigma-ADH activity and ethanol first-pass metabolism. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BRONX VET ADM MED CTR, NEW YORK, NY USA. MT SINAI SCH MED, NEW YORK, NY USA. KYUSHU UNIV, DEPT INTERNAL MED 1, FUKUOKA 812, JAPAN. UNIV TRIESTE, INST CLIN MED, I-34127 TRIESTE, ITALY. SAGA MED SCH, GI DIV, SAGA, JAPAN. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1183 EP A1183 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704707 ER PT J AU Eskandari, S Marvizon, JC Ennes, HS Lembo, T Mayer, EA AF Eskandari, S Marvizon, JC Ennes, HS Lembo, T Mayer, EA TI Desensitization of calcium responses of cultured rat dorsal horn neurons to substance P. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1070 EP A1070 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704259 ER PT J AU Fass, R Higa, L Kodner, A Naliboff, B Mayer, EA AF Fass, R Higa, L Kodner, A Naliboff, B Mayer, EA TI Chronic mucosal inflammation of the esophagus in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is not associated with mechanical hyperalgesia. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A662 EP A662 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702631 ER PT J AU Gralnek, IM Jensen, DM Jensen, ME Cheng, S Gornbein, J Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R AF Gralnek, IM Jensen, DM Jensen, ME Cheng, S Gornbein, J Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R TI Direct costs of hospital care in patients with active esophagogastric variceal hemorrhage treated with emergency endoscopic sclerotherapy or rubber band ligation in a prospective randomized trial. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1200 EP A1200 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704778 ER PT J AU Higa, L Kodner, A Mayer, EA Fass, R AF Higa, L Kodner, A Mayer, EA Fass, R TI Stimulus and site specific induction of hiccups in the esophagus of normal subjects. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A678 EP A678 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702697 ER PT J AU Kaneko, H Rhue, N Nagai, N Mori, S Yamashita, K Yamaguchi, C Tache, Y Mitsuma, T AF Kaneko, H Rhue, N Nagai, N Mori, S Yamashita, K Yamaguchi, C Tache, Y Mitsuma, T TI Central distribution and action of adrenomedullin (AM) to induce gastric protection against ethanol in rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,CURE, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. AICHI MED UNIV, DEPT INTERNAL MED 4, NAGAKUTE, AICHI, JAPAN. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1087 EP A1087 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704327 ER PT J AU Kaneko, H Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Nagai, H Mitsuma, T Tache, Y AF Kaneko, H Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Nagai, H Mitsuma, T Tache, Y TI Central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-induced gastric protection against ethanol through sympathetic-adrenergic pathways in rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,CURE, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. AICHI MED UNIV, DEPT INTERNAL MED 4, NAGAKUTE, AICHI, JAPAN. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1086 EP A1086 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704326 ER PT J AU Kaneko, H Nagai, H Mitsuma, T Tache, Y AF Kaneko, H Nagai, H Mitsuma, T Tache, Y TI Central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-stimulated gastric bicarbonate secretion through pituitary and sympathetic pathways in rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, CURE, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. AICHI MED UNIV, DEPT INTERNAL MED 4, AICHI, JAPAN. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A148 EP A148 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73700588 ER PT J AU Lembo, T Munakata, J Naliboff, B Saba, L Mayer, EA AF Lembo, T Munakata, J Naliboff, B Saba, L Mayer, EA TI Opioids differentially affect human perception of visceral and somatic pain. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT PHYSIOL & MED, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, CURE DIG DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A705 EP A705 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702805 ER PT J AU Lembo, T Fullerton, S Mayer, EA AF Lembo, T Fullerton, S Mayer, EA TI Is pain the predominant symptom in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A705 EP A705 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702803 ER PT J AU Lieberman, DA Ippoliti, AF Weber, LJ Weinstein, WM AF Lieberman, DA Ippoliti, AF Weber, LJ Weinstein, WM TI Long-term omeprazole is not associated with an increased incidence of colon neoplasia SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 PORTLAND VA MED CTR, DEPT MED, PORTLAND, OR USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A176 EP A176 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73700699 ER PT J AU Mayer, EA Munakata, J Mandelkern, M Hoh, K Kodner, A Naliboff, B Silverman, DHS AF Mayer, EA Munakata, J Mandelkern, M Hoh, K Kodner, A Naliboff, B Silverman, DHS TI Correlation of cortical and subcortical brain activation with autonomic responses to rectal stimuli in humans SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT NUCL MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, CURE, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A715 EP A715 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702845 ER PT J AU McCracken, JD Jacoby, RF Kantoci, D Murray, ED Wechter, WJ AF McCracken, JD Jacoby, RF Kantoci, D Murray, ED Wechter, WJ TI The effect of R-flurbiprofen on inhibition of polyp formation in the Min mouse model. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOMA LINDA UNIV, MED CTR, DIV GASTROENTEROL, LOMA LINDA, CA USA. LOMA LINDA UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT CHEM ENDOCRINOL, LOMA LINDA, CA USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A555 EP A555 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702208 ER PT J AU Munakata, J Silverman, DHS Hoh, CK Mandelkern, MA Blahd, W Mayer, EA AF Munakata, J Silverman, DHS Hoh, CK Mandelkern, MA Blahd, W Mayer, EA TI Rectosigmoid sensitization correlates with thalamic response to rectal pain: An O-15-water PET study of normal subjects and IBS patients SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, DEPT NUCL MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A720 EP A720 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702864 ER PT J AU Munakata, J Naliboff, B Mayer, EA AF Munakata, J Naliboff, B Mayer, EA TI Disease activity in IBS patients correlates with physiological alterations SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, CURE, NEUROENTER BIOL GRP, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A720 EP A720 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73702865 ER PT J AU Ren, J Brunicardi, FC Seensalu, R Lloyd, KK Wu, SV Walsh, JH AF Ren, J Brunicardi, FC Seensalu, R Lloyd, KK Wu, SV Walsh, JH TI Occupation of somatostatin receptor 2A enhances CCK-A receptor mediated cAMP response in transfected HEK-293 cells SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT SURG, HOUSTON, TX 77035 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1111 EP A1111 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704426 ER PT J AU Seensalu, R Avedian, D Barbuti, R Song, M Walsh, JH AF Seensalu, R Avedian, D Barbuti, R Song, M Walsh, JH TI Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton by cytochalasin D releases gastrin from isolated canine G-cells in primary culture. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RI Barbuti, Ricardo /H-6277-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1117 EP A1117 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704449 ER PT J AU Seensalu, R Avedian, D Barbuti, R Pothoulakis, C Slice, L Song, M Lamont, JT Walsh, JH AF Seensalu, R Avedian, D Barbuti, R Pothoulakis, C Slice, L Song, M Lamont, JT Walsh, JH TI Rho proteins are involved in bombesin stimulated gastrin release from isolated canine G-cells in primary culture. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT MED, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. HARVARD UNIV, BETH ISRAEL HOSP, SCH MED, BOSTON, MA USA. RI Barbuti, Ricardo /H-6277-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1117 EP A1117 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704448 ER PT J AU Simon, FR Fortune, J Iwahashi, M Stevens, J Dahl, R Sutherland, E AF Simon, FR Fortune, J Iwahashi, M Stevens, J Dahl, R Sutherland, E TI Differential effect of chronic ethanol feeding on hepatic structure and gene expression in male and female rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV COLORADO, HSC, DENVER VAMC, HEPATOBILIARY RES CTR, DENVER, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1327 EP A1327 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73705284 ER PT J AU Song, M Wong, H Ohning, G Walsh, JH AF Song, M Wong, H Ohning, G Walsh, JH TI Immunohistochemical localization of the gastrin/CCK-B receptor in the rat stomach SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, CURE, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1120 EP A1120 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704462 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Guth, PH Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Guth, PH Kaunitz, JD TI In vivo microscopic study of esophageal mucus gel thickness and blood flow during luminal acid challenge in rats SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A274 EP A274 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73701090 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Guth, PH Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Guth, PH Kaunitz, JD TI Pentagastrin enhancement of gastric mucosal defenses is related to H-2 receptor activation but not acid SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, CURE, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A274 EP A274 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73701089 ER PT J AU Wu, SV Yang, M Seensalu, R McRoberts, J Walsh, JH AF Wu, SV Yang, M Seensalu, R McRoberts, J Walsh, JH TI First intracellular loop of CCK-A receptor is essential for cAMP response to CCK in transfected HEK-293 cells SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, DEPT MED, DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A1133 EP A1133 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73704512 ER PT J AU Yang, HT Walsh, JH Wang, YH Wang, JD Zhou, N Zhou, DY Wu, SV AF Yang, HT Walsh, JH Wang, YH Wang, JD Zhou, N Zhou, DY Wu, SV TI High prevalence of cag positive genotype in H-pylori isolates from Chinese subjects SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NANFANG HOSP, GUANGZHOU, PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, BRI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1996 VL 110 IS 4 SU S BP A302 EP A302 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UF737 UT WOS:A1996UF73701204 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Machicado, GA Savides, T Smith, J AF Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Machicado, GA Savides, T Smith, J TI A safe and effective technique for endoscopic removal of adherent clots from GI lesions: Cold guillotining after epinephrine injection. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,CURE,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. ALTON OCHSNER MED FDN & OCHSNER CLIN,NEW ORLEANS,LA. RI smith, james/C-9922-2016 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4 BP 25 EP 25 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UH281 UT WOS:A1996UH28100025 ER PT J AU Jutabha, R Jensen, DM Machicado, G Hirabayashi, K AF Jutabha, R Jensen, DM Machicado, G Hirabayashi, K TI Reliability of endoscopic ultrasound probe imaging of canine abdominal veins before and after sclerotherapy in a blinded study. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,CURE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4 BP 26 EP 26 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UH281 UT WOS:A1996UH28100026 ER PT J AU Dea, SK Chin, PC AF Dea, SK Chin, PC TI Clinical outcomes of early feeding after percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) placement: A randomized controlled trial. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4 BP 234 EP 234 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UH281 UT WOS:A1996UH28100234 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Savides, T Cheng, S Jensen, ME Machicado, GA King, J Gornbein, J Smith, J AF Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Savides, T Cheng, S Jensen, ME Machicado, GA King, J Gornbein, J Smith, J TI Initial results of a multicenter, randomized controlled trial (RCT) of medical vs combination (Combo) endoscopic therapy for prevention of recurrent severe ulcer hemorrhage from non-bleeding adherent clots. SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. ALTON OCHSNER MED FDN & OCHSNER CLIN,NEW ORLEANS,LA. RI smith, james/C-9922-2016 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 43 IS 4 BP 245 EP 245 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UH281 UT WOS:A1996UH28100245 ER PT J AU Bornstein, SR Brown, JW Carballeira, A Goodman, J Scherbaum, WA Fishman, LM AF Bornstein, SR Brown, JW Carballeira, A Goodman, J Scherbaum, WA Fishman, LM TI Ultrastructural dynamics of mitochondrial morphology in varying functional forms of human adrenal cortical adenoma SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE human; mitochondria; electron microscopy; ultrastructure; adrenal cortex; adrenal adenoma; cortisol; aldosterone; progesterone; infertility; Cushing's syndrome; Conn's syndrome ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE AB Adrenal cortical mitochondria display an extensive capacity to adapt morphologically to the functional state of the adrenal cortical cell. In the present study, we have used transmission electron microscopy to analyze cortical tissues from 3 normal human adrenal glands (zona fasciculata and zona glomerulosa), and from 8 steroid-secreting adrenal cortical adenomas (3 cortisol-producing, 4 aldosterone-producing, and 1 progesterone-producing tumor), correlating both clinical and biochemical features with cellular ultrastructure. The morphology of mitochondria was related to the enzyme activity and steroid-biosynthetic capacity of each tumor, Cells from aldosterone-producing adenomas demonstrated a large number of elongated tubular mitochondria with characteristic bridging of inner membranes, producing a lamellar-type pattern, Cells from cortisol-producing adenomas showed large round mitochondria with vesicular or tubulovesicular inner membranes surrounded by a characteristic dilated smooth endoplasmic reticulum, A highly unusual progesterone-producing adenoma, in which a deficiency of 21 alpha-hydroxylase activity was demonstrated, showed a peculiar type of enlarged lamellar mitochondria with bright inner matrix and a reduced number of inner membranes. Therefore, the ultrastructural characteristics of adrenal cortical mitochondria appear to be potential markers for the differentiation of steroid-producing adenomas, These studies point to the possibility of a broader use of electron microscopy in the study of adrenal tumors. C1 UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MIAMI,FL. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MED CTR,MIAMI,FL. RP Bornstein, SR (reprint author), UNIV LEIPZIG,ZENTRUM INNERE MED,MED KLIN POLIKLIN 3,DEPT INTERNAL MED 3,PH ROSENTHAL STR 27,D-04103 LEIPZIG,GERMANY. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD APR PY 1996 VL 28 IS 4 BP 177 EP 182 DI 10.1055/s-2007-979155 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UF892 UT WOS:A1996UF89200004 PM 8740192 ER PT J AU Qu, XD Harwig, SSL Oren, A Shafer, WM Lehrer, RI AF Qu, XD Harwig, SSL Oren, A Shafer, WM Lehrer, RI TI Susceptibility of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to protegrins SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES; CATHEPSIN-G; GRANULOCYTES; GONOCOCCI AB We developed a sensitive and quantitative radial diffusion method to ascertain the susceptibility of six strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae to antimicrobial peptides derived from mammalian leukocytes. The test organisms included the well-characterized serum-resistant FA19 and serum-sensitive F62 strains plus four antibiotic-resistant clinical isolates. Although each N. gonorrhoeae strain was resistant to human neutrophil defensins, all six were exquisitely sensitive to protegrins, a family of small beta-sheet antimicrobial peptides recently identified in porcine leukocytes. Protegrin-treated N. gonorrhoeae became vacuolated and had striking membrane changes when viewed by transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Because low concentrations of protegrins can also inactivate Chlamydia trachomatis and human immunodeficiency virus, they show promise for development as topical agents to avert sexually transmitted diseases. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. EMORY UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,LABS MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS,ATLANTA,GA 30033. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-37945, AI-21150, AI-22839] NR 19 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1996 VL 64 IS 4 BP 1240 EP 1245 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UC314 UT WOS:A1996UC31400023 PM 8606085 ER PT J AU Kasinath, BS Grellier, P Choudhury, GG Abboud, SL AF Kasinath, BS Grellier, P Choudhury, GG Abboud, SL TI Regulation of basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan, perlecan, gene expression in glomerular epithelial cells by high glucose medium SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARBOHYDRATE RESPONSE ELEMENT; HELIX ZIPPER PROTEIN; DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY; DNA-BINDING; IDENTIFICATION; COMPONENTS; ANTIBODIES; PRECURSOR; RATS; MYC AB Proteinuria in diabetic nephropathy has been correlated with reduction in heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) content of the glomerular basement membrane. We have previously shown that the underlying mechanism probably involves reduction in the synthesis by glomerular epithelial cells. In this study we explored whether high glucose medium regulates basement membrane HSPG gene expression. Northern analysis demonstrated that rat glomerular epithelial cells in vitro constitutively express mRNA for basement membrane HSPG, similar to that observed in rat kidney glomerulus. RNase protection assay showed that incubation of glomerular epithelial cells with 30 mM glucose for 24 h and 7 days resulted in reduction in HSPG mRNA abundance. The decrease in mRNA abundance correlated with reduction in the synthesis of (SO4)-S-35-labeled basement membrane HSPG as measured by immunoprecipitation. Reduction in synthesis of HSPG could not be entirely accounted for by decrease in mRNA abundance, suggesting both transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms may be involved in reduction of glomerular basement membrane HSPG synthesis by glomerular epithelial cells in diabetic nephropathy. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.** RP Kasinath, BS (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV NEPHROL,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM HOSP,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42306]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK41517] NR 36 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 167 IS 1 BP 131 EP 136 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199604)167:1<131::AID-JCP15>3.0.CO;2-E PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA UA977 UT WOS:A1996UA97700015 PM 8698830 ER PT J AU Horner, MD Flashman, LA Freides, D Epstein, CM Bakay, RAE AF Horner, MD Flashman, LA Freides, D Epstein, CM Bakay, RAE TI Temporal lobe epilepsy and performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The replicability of previous evidence for differential performance between left and right temporal lobe epileptic patients on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) was evaluated in a new sample of candidates for focal resection. Many subjects obtained high scores on indices of perseveration, which are commonly thought to reflect frontal dysfunction, but there were no differences in performance between patients with language-dominant and nondominant temporal foci. The findings confirm existing evidence that performance decrements on the WCST can be associated with epileptic foci and focal lesions in nonfrontal brain regions. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. EMORY UNIV,ATLANTA,GA 30322. DARTMOUTH COLL SCH MED,LEBANON,NH. RP Horner, MD (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSTON DVA MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116B,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 9 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3395 J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2 BP 310 EP 313 DI 10.1080/01688639608408285 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA UR524 UT WOS:A1996UR52400014 PM 8780965 ER PT J AU Rex, JH Pfaller, MA Lancaster, M Odds, FC Bolmstrom, A Rinaldi, MG AF Rex, JH Pfaller, MA Lancaster, M Odds, FC Bolmstrom, A Rinaldi, MG TI Quality control guidelines for National Committee for clinical laboratory standards-recommended broth macrodilution testing of ketoconazole and itraconazole SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTS AB Ketoconazole and itraconazole were tested in a multilaboratory study to establish quality control (QC) guidelines for yeast antifungal susceptibility testing, Two isolates that had been previously identified as QC isolates for amphotericin B, fluconazole, and flucytosine (Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and Candida krusei ATCC 6258) were tested in accordance with the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards M27-P guidelines, Each isolate was tested 20 times with the two antifungal agents in the five laboratories by using a lot of RPMI 1640 unique to each laboratory as well as a lot common to all five laboratories, thus generating 200 MICs per drug per organism, Overall, 96 to 99% of the MICs for each drug fell within the desired 3-log(2) dilution range (mode +/- 1 log(2) dilution), By using these data, 3-log(2) dilution QC ranges encompassing 98% of the observed MICs for three of the organism-drug combinations and 94% of the observed MICs for the fourth combination were established, These QC ranges are 0.064 to 0.25 mu g/ml for both ketoconazole and itraconazole against C, parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and 0.125 to 0.5 mu g/ml for both ketoconazole and itraconazole against C. krusei ATCC 6258. C1 UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,DEPT PATHOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. ALAMAR BIOSCI INC,SACRAMENTO,CA 95834. JANSSEN RES FDN,B-2340 BEERSE,BELGIUM. AB BIODISK,S-17136 SOLNA,SWEDEN. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,LAB SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Rex, JH (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,CTR INFECT DIS,6431 FANNIN,1728 JFB,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 8 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 34 IS 4 BP 816 EP 817 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA UA683 UT WOS:A1996UA68300008 PM 8815089 ER PT J AU Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Alterman, AI McKay, JR Snider, EC AF Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Alterman, AI McKay, JR Snider, EC TI Personality disorders and treatment outcome in methadone maintenance patients SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; SUBSTANCE-ABUSERS; OPIATE ADDICTS; PREDICTOR AB This study examined the relationship between personality disorders (PDs) and 7-month treatment outcome in 197 men admitted to methadone maintenance. Subjects reported pervasive improvement, and the amount of improvement did not significantly differ for those subjects with and without PDs. PD subjects entered treatment with more severe self-reported drug, alcohol, psychiatric, and legal problems, and despite progress, remained more problematic in those areas relative to subjects without PDs. Subjects with antisocial PD had admission and 7-month problem status similar to subjects with other PDs. The 7-month urinalysis results for opiates and cocaine showed no significant differences between subjects with and without PDs. Fewer PD subjects stayed in treatment continuously for the 7-month period. Several cluster B PDs--borderline, antisocial, and histrionic-predicted poorest overall outcomes. Methadone-maintained patients with PDs may warrant additional treatment services if they are to approach the functional level of patients without PDs. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR STUDIES ADDICT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186, R01 DA-05858-04] NR 26 TC 75 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD APR PY 1996 VL 184 IS 4 BP 234 EP 239 DI 10.1097/00005053-199604000-00006 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UG274 UT WOS:A1996UG27400006 PM 8604033 ER PT J AU Houtman, JJ Fleming, JO AF Houtman, JJ Fleming, JO TI Dissociation of demyelination and viral clearance in congenitally immunodeficient mice infected with murine coronavirus JHM SO JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE multiple sclerosis; immunopathology; mouse hepatitis virus ID MOUSE HEPATITIS-VIRUS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; T-CELL CLONES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; INVITRO MODELS; STRAIN JHM; NUDE-MICE; DISEASE; INVIVO; RATS AB Infection of rodents with murine coronavirus JHM results in a subacute or chronic demyelinating disease which serves as a model for the human disease multiple sclerosis. Previous studies with JHMV have established a role for the immune system in both viral clearance and demyelination. To further clarify the role of the immune system in JHMV pathogenesis, several strains of congenitally immunodeficient mice were studied. Infection of immunocompetent C57BL/6 mice with JHMV resulted in severe paralysis and demyelination and complete clearance of infectious virus from the brain (C+D+ phenotype). In contrast, infected SCID mice showed little or no paralysis or demyelination and were unable to clear infectious virus (C-D- phenotype). Athymic nude mice and a proportion of mice lacking MHC Class I or II expression exhibited robust demyelination but did not completely clear infectious virus from the brain (C-D+ phenotype). These results are consistent with an immune-mediated mechanism for JHMV-induced demyelination, but indicate that the immune mechanisms which participate in demyelination and viral clearance are distinct. It may thus be possible to experimentally alter immunopathological responses without impairing antimicrobial immunity. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT MED MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT NEUROL, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI 53705 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM07215] NR 52 TC 78 Z9 80 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1355-0284 J9 J NEUROVIROL JI J. Neurovirol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 2 IS 2 BP 101 EP 110 DI 10.3109/13550289609146543 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Virology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Virology GA UL929 UT WOS:A1996UL92900006 PM 8799201 ER PT J AU Herbert, V AF Herbert, V TI Introduction SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Editorial Material ID VITAMIN; DISEASE; MORTALITY; DIETARY C1 BROCKTON W ROXBURY VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HEMATOL & NUTR RES LAB,RES SERV,BRONX,NY 10468. MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. MT SINAI SCH MED,DEPT MED,NEW YORK,NY 10029. RP Herbert, V (reprint author), BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 26 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD APR PY 1996 VL 126 IS 4 SU S BP S1197 EP S1200 PG 4 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA UD167 UT WOS:A1996UD16700036 ER PT J AU Strack, S AF Strack, S TI Introduction to the special series - Interpersonal theory and the interpersonal circumplex: Timothy Leary's legacy SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID INVENTORY; TAXONOMY; SCALES RP Strack, S (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,351 E TEMPLE ST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90012, USA. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD APR PY 1996 VL 66 IS 2 BP 212 EP 216 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa6602_1 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA UB249 UT WOS:A1996UB24900002 PM 16367699 ER PT J AU Fei, HL Frame, LH AF Fei, HL Frame, LH TI d-Sotalol terminates reentry by two mechanisms with different dependence on the duration of the excitable gap SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID III ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENTS; ACTION-POTENTIAL DURATION; CANINE ATRIAL-FLUTTER; VENTRICULAR TACHYARRHYTHMIAS; CARDIAC-MUSCLE; TRICUSPID RING; REFRACTORINESS; ARRHYTHMIAS; INVITRO; MODEL AB We used eight adjustable preparations in which the canine atrial tricuspid rings were cut and reconnected electronically by sensing activation on one side of the cut and pacing the other after an adjustable delay. A long delay resulted in a long cycle length (CL) and excitable gap (EG) during reentry. Decreasing delay decreased CL and EG. d-Sotalol (4 mg/l) significantly increased effective refractory period (ERP) and action potential duration with no effects on conduction time during constant 400-msec pacing. During reentry, d-sotalol increased action potential durations more than CLs, so it decreased diastolic intervals. It decreased EG by increasing ERP more than CL. Although d-sotalol increased action potential duration more at longer delays with longer CLs, showing reverse use-dependence, it terminated sustained tachycardias by increasing ERP only for the short delays when the initial EG was short. In 5 of 8 experiments, longer equilibration with d-sotalol produced fixed block at a vulnerable site, so reentry could not be induced at any delays. Fixed block could be transiently reversed by ACh and resolved after washout of d-sotalol. We conclude that d-sotalol terminated reentry by two mechanisms: 1) It terminated sustained reentry by increasing ERP when the initial EG was sufficiently short. 2) In some preparations, it caused fixed block at a vulnerable site, which prevented reentry regardless of the initial EG. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT 111C,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOVASC,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL38386] NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 1996 VL 277 IS 1 BP 174 EP 185 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UE585 UT WOS:A1996UE58500024 PM 8613916 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF AF Mendez, MF TI Dementia and guns SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIOR RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,PSYCHIAT SERV,W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 4 BP 409 EP 410 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA UE383 UT WOS:A1996UE38300011 PM 8636586 ER PT J AU Szurek, PF Brooks, BR AF Szurek, PF Brooks, BR TI ts1-induced spongiform encephalomyelopathy: Physical forms of high-mobility DNA in spinal cord tissues of paralyzed mice are products of premature termination of reverse transcription SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MURINE LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; TRANSGENIC MICE; RNASE-H; T-CELL; MUTANT; TS1 AB ts1 is a temperature-sensitive mutant of Moloney murine leukemia virus that causes hind-limb paralysis in mice. In tissues of the central nervous systems of paralyzed moribund FVB/N mice, a major component of the unintegrated viral DNA of ts1 consists of highly mobile physical forms of viral-specific DNA (HM DNA). Previous studies with ecotropic virus-specific polarity probes showed that the gp70-coding region of the env gene in the HM DNA was minus-sense single-stranded DNA. The physical forms of the HM DNA have now been characterized in more detail with additional ecotropic virus-specific probes that hybridized to the p15E-coding region of the env gene and two locations within the U3 region of the long terminal repeat. Two major classes of HM DNA were found: class I molecules consist of short minus-sense single-stranded DNA; class II molecules are partial DNA duplexes that are longer than the class I molecules. The two classes of HM DNA molecules are intermediate products of reverse transcription of the viral RNA of ts1. Since tissues that are infected with cytopathic retroviruses may contain high levels of unintegrated viral DNA, the HM DNA may have a role in inducing neurodegeneration in the central nervous systems of mice that are infected with ts1. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,NEUROL SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,RES SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED MICROBIOL IMMUNOL,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 1996 VL 70 IS 4 BP 2230 EP 2236 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA UA397 UT WOS:A1996UA39700021 PM 8642647 ER PT J AU Grellier, P Sabbah, M Fouqueray, B Woodruff, K Yee, D Abboud, HE Abboud, SL AF Grellier, P Sabbah, M Fouqueray, B Woodruff, K Yee, D Abboud, HE Abboud, SL TI Characterization of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and regulation of IGFBP3 in human mesangial cells SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; BREAST-CANCER CELLS; FACTOR-I; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; RNA EXPRESSION; STROMAL CELLS; DNA-SYNTHESIS; FACTOR-BETA; KIDNEY AB IGF-I regulates renal growth and development. Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) are synthesized by the kidney and may modulate the local autocrine and/or paracrine actions of IGF-I. We have previously demonstrated that mesangial cells (MC) release IGF-I and IGF-binding activity; however, the specific IGFBPs produced by these cells and the factors involved in their regulation are unknown. We examined MC for expression of IGFBP-1 to -6 mRNAs and proteins. RNase protection assays using total RNA demonstrated that MC express all of the IGFBPs. [I-125]IGF-I Western ligand blot of conditioned medium demonstrated that MC release IGFBPs of 24, 29, 32 kDa, and a doublet at 46 kDa, consistent with IGFBP-4 -5, -2 and -3, respectively. IGFBP species of 28 and 34 kDa were also detected. Since IGF-I and TGF-beta are implicated in glomerular hypertrophy and matrix expansion, we tested their effect on IGFBPs released by MC. IGF-I (100 ng/ml), TGF-beta (2 ng/ml) and forskolin (10(-5) M) differentially regulated the abundance of IGFBPs released in the conditioned medium in a time-dependent manner. IGF-I and TGF-beta were potent inducers of the release of IGFBP3 protein; however, TGF-beta, but not IGF-I, increased IGFBP3 mRNA levels. Recombinant IGFBP3 was tested for its effect on IGF-I-induced mitogenesis. IGFBP3 inhibited IGF-I-stimulated DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner with a peak effect observed at 50 nM IGFBP3. Although TGF-beta is a potent inhibitor of IGF-I-stimulated DNA synthesis, this effect is not mediated via IGFBPs. Expression of IGFBP-1 to -6 by MC suggests that these proteins may modulate IGF-I bioavailability in the glomerulus. IGF-I itself, TGF-beta and cAMP agonists may indirectly modulate the effects of IGF-I via the release of IGFBPs by MC. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PATHOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA52952]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42306]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK33665] NR 44 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 EI 1523-1755 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD APR PY 1996 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1071 EP 1078 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.156 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UB112 UT WOS:A1996UB11200027 PM 8691727 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G Scanlon, D Kamlet, M AF Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G Scanlon, D Kamlet, M TI Individual utilities are inconsistent with rationing choices: A partial explanation of why Oregon's cost-effectiveness list failed SO MEDICAL DECISION MAKING LA English DT Article ID HEALTH STATES; PREFERENCES; ELICITATION; THERAPIES AB Objective. To test whether cost-effectiveness analysis and present methods of eliciting health condition ''utilities'' capture the public's values for health care rationing. Design. Two surveys of economics students. The first survey measured their utilities for three states of health, using either analog scale, standard gamble, or time tradeoff. The second survey measured their preferences, in paired rationing choices of the health states from the first survey and also compared with treatment of acutely fatal appendicitis. The rationing choices each subject faced were individualized according to his or her utility responses, so that the subject should have been indifferent between the two conditions in each rationing choice. Results. The analog-scale elicitation method produced significantly lower utilities than the time-tradeoff and standard-gamble methods for two of the three conditions (p < 0.001). Compared with the rationing choices, all three utility-elicitation methods placed less value on the importance of saving lives and treating more severely ill people compared with less severely ill ones (p < 0.0001). The subjects' rationing choices indicated that they placed values on treating severely ill people that were tenfold to one-hundred-thousand-fold greater than would have been predicted by their utility responses. However, the subjects' rationing choices showed internal inconsistency, as, for example, treatments that were indicated to be ten times more beneficial in one scenario were valued as one hundred times more beneficial in other scenarios. Conclusions. The subjects soundly rejected the rationing choices derived from their utility responses. This suggests that people's answers to utility elicitations cannot be easily translated into social policy. However, person-tradeoff elicitations, like those given in our rationing survey, cannot be substituted for established methods of utility elicitation until they can be performed in ways that yield acceptable internal consistency. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA USA. UNIV PENN, CTR BIOETH, CTR CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT, DIV GEN INTERNAL MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, DEPT SOCIAL & DECIS SCI, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. UNIV MICHIGAN, SCH PUBL HLTH, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV, H JOHN HEINZ III SCH PUBL POLICY & MANAGEMENT, PITTSBURGH, PA 15213 USA. NR 27 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0272-989X J9 MED DECIS MAKING JI Med. Decis. Mak. PD APR-JUN PY 1996 VL 16 IS 2 BP 108 EP 116 DI 10.1177/0272989X9601600202 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medical Informatics GA UC889 UT WOS:A1996UC88900002 PM 8778528 ER PT J AU BenEliyahu, S Page, GG Yirmiya, R Taylor, AN AF BenEliyahu, S Page, GG Yirmiya, R Taylor, AN TI Acute alcohol intoxication suppresses natural killer cell activity and promotes tumor metastasis SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; NK CELLS; RATS; CANCER; INVIVO; ETHANOL; INVOLVEMENT; IMMUNITY; DEFENSE; SPREAD AB Alcohol consumption is associated with increased morbidity and mortality related to infectious diseases and malignancy(1-5), although immune mediation of these relationships is controversial. Specifically, the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, which are involved in the resistance to infections and metastasis, can be suppressed in the presence of ethanol in vitro. However, acute consumption or infusion of ethanol in vivo exerts no effects on NK activity assessed in vitro thereafter. Therefore, we have developed and used a method to study the effects of ethanol on NK activity in living rats by using an NK-sensitive metastatic process and selective depletion of NK cells in vivo. Acute ethanol intoxication caused a-marked suppression of NK activity in vivo and a tenfold increase in the number of MADB106 tumor metastases. Ethanol had no effect in rats selectively depleted of NK cells or when an NK-insensitive tumor (C4047) was used. These findings suggest that even acute ethanol intoxication markedly suppresses NK activity in the living organism. This suppression may underlie some aspects of the association between alcoholism, infectious disease and malignancies. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL NURSING,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,DEPT PSYCHOL,IL-91905 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGLES DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP BenEliyahu, S (reprint author), TEL AVIV UNIV,DEPT PSYCHOL,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. RI Yirmiya, Raz/D-1090-2014 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 16042] NR 35 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD APR PY 1996 VL 2 IS 4 BP 457 EP 460 DI 10.1038/nm0496-457 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UD314 UT WOS:A1996UD31400049 PM 8597957 ER PT J AU Morens, DM Davis, JW Grandinetti, A Ross, GW Popper, JS White, LR AF Morens, DM Davis, JW Grandinetti, A Ross, GW Popper, JS White, LR TI Epidemiologic observations on Parkinson's disease: Incidence and mortality in a prospective study of middle-aged men SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREVALENCE; CITY AB We determined age-specific and age-adjusted incidence rates and mortality rates of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD)in a cohort of men followed for 29 years. Since enrollment in 1965, the Honolulu Heart Study has followed 8,006 American men of Japanese or Okinawan ancestry. Rescreening of the entire cohort, completed in 1994, included attempts to detect all prevalent and incident cases of PD, parkinsonism, and related conditions. PD incidence rates and age-incidence patterns were similar to rates previously published for Caucasian men in Europe and the United States, and were higher than incidence rates published for Asian men living in Asian nations; Prevalence patterns appeared to correspond more closely to patterns observed in developed nations than in Asian nations. PD was associated with markedly increased mortality that appeared to result from effects of both absolute age and disease duration. There was no firm evidence for differences in birth cohort risks of PD. These data may have implications for maturational and environmental theories of PD etiology. C1 UNIV HAWAII,SCH MED,HONOLULU,HI 96822. HAWAII OSTEOPOROSIS CTR,HONOLULU,HI. EAST WEST CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV HAWAII,PACIFIC BIOMED RES CTR,HONOLULU,HI 96822. HONOLULU ASIA AGING STUDY,HONOLULU,HI 96822. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HONOLULU,HI 96822. NIA,NIH,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP Morens, DM (reprint author), UNIV HAWAII,SCH PUBL HLTH,PROGRAM EPIDEMIOL,BIOMED D103,1960 EAST WEST RD,HONOLULU,HI 96822, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-30371] NR 26 TC 106 Z9 112 U1 2 U2 8 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR PY 1996 VL 46 IS 4 BP 1044 EP 1050 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UG635 UT WOS:A1996UG63500030 PM 8780088 ER PT J AU Leong, GB Silva, JA AF Leong, GB Silva, JA TI Civil commitment and managed care SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Letter C1 S TEXAS VET HEALTHCARE SYST,PSYCHIAT SERV,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Leong, GB (reprint author), HARRY S TRUMAN MEM VET HOSP,PSYCHIAT SERV,COLUMBIA,MO 65201, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD APR PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 BP 432 EP 432 PG 1 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA UC753 UT WOS:A1996UC75300027 PM 8689383 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G AF Ubel, PA Loewenstein, G TI Distributing scarce livers: The moral reasoning of the general public SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE transplantation; equity; prognosis; ethics; health policy ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; HEALTH-CARE; POINT SYSTEM; OREGON; RETRANSPLANTATION; EFFICACY AB The transplant system has been criticized for not paying enough attention to efficiency in distributing scarce organs. But little research has been done to see how the general public views tradeoffs between efficiency and equity. We surveyed members of the general public to see how they would distribute organs among patients with varying chances of benefiting from them. In addition, we asked subjects to explain their decisions and to tell us about any other information they would have liked in order to make the decisions. We found that the public places a very high value on giving everyone a chance at receiving scarce resources, even if that means a significant decrease in the chance that available organs will save people's lives. Our results raise important questions about whether the aims of outcomes research and cost-effective studies agree with the values of the general public. C1 UNIV PENN,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,CTR BIOETH,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT SOCIAL & DECIS SCI,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA, USA. NR 27 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD APR PY 1996 VL 42 IS 7 BP 1049 EP 1055 DI 10.1016/0277-9536(95)00216-2 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA UD561 UT WOS:A1996UD56100009 PM 8730910 ER PT J AU Samuels, MH Kramer, P AF Samuels, MH Kramer, P TI Effects of metoclopramide on fasting-induced TSH suppression SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; DOPAMINERGIC ACTIVITY; SERUM THYROTROPIN; MALE-RATS; SECRETION; STARVATION; PROLACTIN AB Short-term caloric deprivation leads to suppression of TSH secretion in healthy subjects, but the mechanism of this effect is unknown. Since dopamine inhibits TSH secretion at physiologic levels, increased endogenous dopamine activity may cause the TSH suppression observed during fasting. To test this hypothesis, 11 healthy subjects underwent four studies: (1) Baseline-subjects were allowed ad libitum food. (2) MCP-subjects were allowed ad libitum food and received iv metoclopramide (MCP) at 30 mu g/kg/h over 48 h. (3) Easting-subjects received no caloric intake for 56 h. (4) Fasting + MCP-subjects fasted for 56 h, and received iv MCP during the final 48 h of the study. Serum TSH levels were measured every 15 min during the final 24 h of each study, and a TRH stimulation test was performed at the conclusion of each study: 56 h of fasting decreased 24 h mean TSH levels and TSH pulse amplitude by 40%, with blunting of the TSH response to TRH. MCP infusions increased 24 h mean TSH levels and TSH pulse amplitude 26-34%, with no differences between the fasting and nonfasting studies. MCP infusions did not normalize TSH levels, TSH responses to TRH, or serum T-3 levels during fasting. These data suggest that endogenous dopaminergic activity does not play a major role in fasting-induced TSH suppression in healthy subjects. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 77030. RP Samuels, MH (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DIV ENDOCRINOL,3181 SW SAM JACKSON PK RD,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-00051, M01-RR-00334] NR 25 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD APR PY 1996 VL 6 IS 2 BP 85 EP 89 DI 10.1089/thy.1996.6.85 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UJ989 UT WOS:A1996UJ98900004 PM 8733877 ER PT J AU Arita, S Saul, J Joh, S Kasraie, A Atiya, A Une, S Ohtsuka, S Mullen, Y AF Arita, S Saul, J Joh, S Kasraie, A Atiya, A Une, S Ohtsuka, S Mullen, Y TI Islet protective effect of pravastatin from nonspecific inflammation in mouse pancreatic islet isografts SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Minneapolis Transplant Congress on New Immunosuppressive Drugs CY AUG 27-30, 1995 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN SP Univ Minnesota, Dept Surg, Univ Minnesota, Continuing Med Educ, Univ Minnesota, Med Sch, Univ Minnesota, Continuing Educ Pharm, Univ Minnesota, CEE Univ Coll C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HUMAN ISLET PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,VA UCLA HUMAN ISLET TRANSPLANT PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 4 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 924 EP 924 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA UG383 UT WOS:A1996UG38300218 PM 8623465 ER PT J AU Miyamoto, M Kenmochi, T Nakagawa, Y Une, S Moldovan, S Atiya, A Benhamou, PY Brunicardi, FC Kawamura, M Kato, M Ohyanagi, H Mullen, Y AF Miyamoto, M Kenmochi, T Nakagawa, Y Une, S Moldovan, S Atiya, A Benhamou, PY Brunicardi, FC Kawamura, M Kato, M Ohyanagi, H Mullen, Y TI Establishment of an islet bank and its future perspectives SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID PANCREAS C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Miyamoto, M (reprint author), KINKI UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT SURG 2,377-2 OHNOHIGASHI,OSAKA 589,JAPAN. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU APPLETON & LANGE PI E NORWALK PA 25 VAN ZANT ST, E NORWALK, CT 06855 SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD APR PY 1996 VL 28 IS 2 BP 1121 EP 1123 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA UG383 UT WOS:A1996UG38300289 PM 8623246 ER PT J AU Orwoll, ES AF Orwoll, ES TI Androgens as anabolic agents for bone SO TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Review ID IDIOPATHIC HYPOGONADOTROPIC HYPOGONADISM; NANDROLONE DECANOATE; MINERAL DENSITY; ELDERLY MEN; POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS; KLINEFELTERS-SYNDROME; SEX-DIFFERENCES; FEMALE RATS; WOMEN; TESTOSTERONE AB Androgens are classically considered anabolic agents, and in fact there is abundant evidence in many tissues that corroborates strong positive effects of androgens on proliferation and growth. In bone as well, there is clear evidence that androgen action is associated with an increase in skeletal mass, particularly during growth. Whether androgens can be considered anabolic in the skeleton later in life (when therapeutic increases in bone mass are of most clinical interest) is still a matter of some debate. RP Orwoll, ES (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV, PORTLAND VA MED CTR, BONE & MINERAL RES UNIT, PORTLAND, OR 97207 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 NR 55 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1043-2760 J9 TRENDS ENDOCRIN MET JI Trends Endocrinol. Metab. PD APR PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 77 EP 84 DI 10.1016/1043-2760(96)00024-0 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UJ713 UT WOS:A1996UJ71300001 PM 18406730 ER PT J AU Malkowicz, SB Vaughn, DJ AF Malkowicz, SB Vaughn, DJ TI Chemotherapy for invasive bladder cancer SO UROLOGY LA English DT Review ID TRANSITIONAL-CELL-CARCINOMA; M-VAC METHOTREXATE; ADVANCED UROTHELIAL CANCER; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; GALLIUM NITRATE; ONCOLOGY-GROUP; PHASE-II; RIBONUCLEOTIDE REDUCTASE; CISPLATIN CHEMOTHERAPY; EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION C1 UNIV PENN, MED CTR, DEPT MED, DIV HEMATOL ONCOL, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA USA. RP Malkowicz, SB (reprint author), UNIV PENN, MED CTR,DEPT SURG,DIV UROL,1 RHOADS, 3400 SPRUCE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 104 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD APR PY 1996 VL 47 IS 4 BP 602 EP 614 PG 13 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UM759 UT WOS:A1996UM75900035 PM 8638379 ER PT J AU Back, AL Wallace, JI Starks, HE Pearlman, RA AF Back, AL Wallace, JI Starks, HE Pearlman, RA TI Physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia in Washington State - Patient requests and physician responses SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID DEATH; DECISIONS; LIFE AB Objectives.-To estimate how often physicians receive requests for physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia and to describe a case series of patient requests for physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia, including physician responses to these requests. Design.-A mailed, anonymous two-part questionnaire. Participants.-A total of 828 physicians returned questionnaires sent to 1453 potential respondents, for a response rate of 57%. Questionnaires were mailed to a random sample (25%) of primary care physicians and all physicians in selected medical subspecialties in Washington State. Main Outcome Measures.-The frequency of explicit patient requests for physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia reported by physicians and individual case descriptions of patient characteristics, physician perceptions of patient concerns, and physician responses to patient requests. Results.-In the past year, 12% of responding physicians received one or more explicit requests for physician-assisted suicide, and 4% received one or more requests for euthanasia. These physicians provided 207 case descriptions. The diagnoses most often associated with requests were cancer, neurological disease, and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patient concerns most often perceived by physicians were worries about loss of control, being a burden, being dependent on others for personal care, and loss of dignity, Physicians provided assistance more often to patients with physical symptoms. Physicians infrequently sought advice from colleagues, Of 156 patients who requested physician-assisted suicide, 38 (24%) received prescriptions, and 21 of these died as a result. Of 58 patients who requested euthanasia, 14 (24%) received parenteral medication and died. Conclusions.-Patient requests for physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia are not rare, As perceived by physicians, the most common patient concerns at the time these requests are made are nonphysical, Physicians occasionally provide these practices, even though they are currently illegal in Washington State. Physicians do not consult colleagues often about these requests. These findings raise the question of how to ensure quality in the evaluation of patient requests for physician-assisted death. C1 VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SEATTLE,WA 98108. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT MED HIST & ETH,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT HLTH SERV,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Back, AL (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,MED SERV,1660 S COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00615-02] NR 37 TC 249 Z9 249 U1 4 U2 26 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 27 PY 1996 VL 275 IS 12 BP 919 EP 925 DI 10.1001/jama.275.12.919 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UA563 UT WOS:A1996UA56300031 PM 8598619 ER PT J AU Sager, MA Franke, T Inouye, SK Landefeld, CS Morgan, TM Rudberg, MA Siebens, H Winograd, CH AF Sager, MA Franke, T Inouye, SK Landefeld, CS Morgan, TM Rudberg, MA Siebens, H Winograd, CH TI Functional outcomes of acute medical illness and hospitalization in older persons SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PROSPECTIVE PAYMENT SYSTEM; CARE; IMPLEMENTATION; COMPLICATIONS; QUALITY; SERVICE; TRIAL AB Background: Short-stay hospitalization in older patients is frequently associated with a loss of function, which can lead to a need for postdischarge assistance and longer-term institutionalization. Because little is known about this adverse outcome of hospitalization, this study was conducted to (1) determine the discharge and 3-month postdischarge functional outcomes for a large cohort of older persons hospitalized for medical illness, (2) determine the extent to which patients were able to recover to preadmission levels of functioning after hospital discharge, and (3) identify the patient factors associated with an increased risk of developing disability associated with acute illness and hospitalization. Methods: A total of 1279 community-dwelling patients, aged 70 rears and older, hospitalized for acute medical illness were enrolled in this multicenter, prospective cohort study. Functional measurements obtained at discharge (Activities of Daily Living) and at 3 months after discharge (Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living) were compared with a preadmission baseline level of functioning to document loss and recovery of functioning. Results: At discharge, 59% of the study population reported no-change, 10% improved, and 31% declined in Activities of Daily Living when compared with the preadmission baseline. At the 3-month follow-up, 51% of the original study population, for whom postdischarge data were available (n=1206),were found to have died (11%) or to report new Activities of Daily Living and/or Instrumental Activities of Daily Living disabilities (40%) when compared with the preadmission baseline. Among survivors, 19% reported a new Activities of Daily Living and 40% reported a new Instrumental Activities of Daily Living disability at follow-up. The 3-month outcomes were the result of the loss of function during the index hospitalization, the failure of many patients to recover after discharge, and the development of new postdischarge disabilities. Patients at greatest risk of adverse functional outcomes at follow-up were older, had preadmission Instrumental Activities of Daily Living disabilities and lower mental status scores on admission, and had been rehospitalized. Conclusions: This study documents a high incidence of functional decline after hospitalization for acute medical illness. Although there are several potential explanations for these findings, this study suggests a need to reexamine current inpatient and postdischarge practices that might influence the functioning of older patients. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED & PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT SOCIAL WELFARE,LOS ANGELES,CA. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT INTERNAL MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,CLEVELAND,OH. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CLEVELAND,OH. UNIV HOSP CLEVELAND,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. BOWMAN GRAY SCH MED,DEPT PUBL HLTH SCI,WINSTON SALEM,NC. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MED,CHICAGO,IL 60637. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,DEPT PHYS MED & PHYS REHABIL,LOS ANGELES,CA. STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NR 36 TC 279 Z9 284 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 25 PY 1996 VL 156 IS 6 BP 645 EP 652 DI 10.1001/archinte.156.6.645 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA UB001 UT WOS:A1996UB00100006 PM 8629876 ER PT J AU Durante, W Kroll, MH Orloff, GJ Cunningham, JM Scottburden, T Vanhoutte, PM Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Kroll, MH Orloff, GJ Cunningham, JM Scottburden, T Vanhoutte, PM Schafer, AI TI Regulation of interleukin-1 beta-stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells by hemostatic proteins SO BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE smooth muscle; nitric oxide; hemostasis ID L-ARGININE; MOUSE MACROPHAGES; INDUCTION; ENDOTOXIN; CYTOKINES; CLONING; RESPONSIVENESS; ENDOTHELIUM; HEPATOCYTES; OXIDATION AB Experiments were performed to examine the mechanism by which specific hemostatic proteins regulate the release of nitric oxide (NO) from interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) stimulated cultured rat aortic smooth muscle cells. Treatment of smooth muscle cells with IL-beta stimulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA expression, which preceded the release of NO (as measured by the accumulation of nitrite in the culture media). The cytokine-stimuiated production of nitrite was blocked by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide, the transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D, and the competitive inhibitor of NOS nitro-L-arginine. However, only actinomycin D inhibited IL-1 beta-stimulated iNOS mRNA expression. Treatment of smooth muscle cells with IL-1 beta in the presence of platelet derived growth factor or thrombin resulted in the inhibition of cytokine-stimulated expression of iNOS mRNA and NO release. The inhibitory effect of thrombin was reversed by hirudin and was mimicked by a 14 amino acid thrombin receptor activating peptide. In contrast, the concomitant exposure of smooth muscle cells to IL-1 beta and plasmin resulted in the potentiation of both IL-1 beta-stimulated iNOS expression and NO generation. Finally, treatment of smooth muscle cells with IL-1 beta in the presence of the hemostatic proteins did not affect the half-life of iNOS mRNA. These results demonstrate that specific protein components of the hemostatic system regulate IL-1 beta-stimulated iNOS mRNA expression in vascular smooth muscle cells. The capacity of hemostatic proteins to modulate the induction of vascular iNOS activity may play an important role in governing the release of NO and regulating thrombogenesis in vivo. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED & PHARMACOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,CTR EXPTL THERAPEUT,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL ONCOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP Durante, W (reprint author), HOUSTON VA MED CTR,MED SERV,BLDG 109,ROOM 116,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. RI Vanhoutte, Paul/B-4533-2009 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-02311, HL-31183, HL-36045] NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0006-2952 J9 BIOCHEM PHARMACOL JI Biochem. Pharmacol. PD MAR 22 PY 1996 VL 51 IS 6 BP 847 EP 853 DI 10.1016/0006-2952(95)02409-3 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TZ107 UT WOS:A1996TZ10700016 PM 8602881 ER PT J AU Melnik, G AF Melnik, G TI Value of specialty intravenous amino acid solutions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACY LA English DT Article ID PARENTERAL-NUTRITION SUPPORT; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; INJURED PATIENTS; HEPATIC-ENCEPHALOPATHY; NITROGEN-RETENTION; SEPTIC PATIENTS; PROTEIN; STRESS; SUPPLEMENTATION; ENRICHMENT C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,COLL PHARM,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Melnik, G (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHARMACOL,CLIN PHARM PROGAMS,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEALTH-SYSTEM PHARMACISTS PI BETHESDA PA 7272 WISCONSIN AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 1079-2082 J9 AM J HEALTH-SYST PH JI Am. J. Health-Syst. Pharm. PD MAR 15 PY 1996 VL 53 IS 6 BP 671 EP 674 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UA074 UT WOS:A1996UA07400012 PM 8800975 ER PT J AU Glatt, CR AF Glatt, CR TI Phantom illness: Shattering the myth of hypochondria - Cantor,C, Fallon,B SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP Glatt, CR (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 15 PY 1996 VL 121 IS 5 BP 90 EP 90 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA TZ905 UT WOS:A1996TZ90500152 ER PT J AU Bao, HF Ma, H Sun, J Kleyman, TR Eaton, DC Ling, BN AF Bao, HF Ma, H Sun, J Kleyman, TR Eaton, DC Ling, BN TI Inhibition of amiloride-sensitive Na channels by luminal ATP in A6 distal nephron cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 EMORY UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV RENAL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. EMORY UNIV,DEPT MED,CTR CELL & MOL SIGNAL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ATLANTA,GA 30322. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 789 EP 789 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28400790 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Freeman, GL TI Induction of antioxidant enzyme gene expression in myocardium during reperfusion after a transient SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,CARDIOL SECT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1582 EP 1582 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401581 ER PT J AU Freeman, GL Chandrasekar, B AF Freeman, GL Chandrasekar, B TI Changes in myocardial pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression and protein levels after transient ischemia followed by reperfusion. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1583 EP 1583 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401584 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Jenden, DJ AF Scremin, OU Jenden, DJ TI Cerebral cortex choline and acetylcholine changes induced by trauma SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1621 EP 1621 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401623 ER PT J AU Booth, RA Scremin, OU Jenden, DJ AF Booth, RA Scremin, OU Jenden, DJ TI Cognitive and behavioral changes induced by unilateral cortical trauma SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1622 EP 1622 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28401621 ER PT J AU Korent, VA Conhaim, RL Harms, BA AF Korent, VA Conhaim, RL Harms, BA TI Molecular distribution of hetastarch in lung lymph of unanesthetized sheep SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2033 EP 2033 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402032 ER PT J AU Koyal, SN Marques, J Lee, EY Cooper, CB Tashkin, DP AF Koyal, SN Marques, J Lee, EY Cooper, CB Tashkin, DP TI Ventilatory threshold and arterial blood gases during max stress test in habitual and non-habitual female cocaine users. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 8 PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 2170 EP 2170 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA TZ284 UT WOS:A1996TZ28402170 ER PT J AU Barnhart, J Shekelle, P Lewis, C AF Barnhart, J Shekelle, P Lewis, C TI The effect of a medical school's admission and curriculum policies on increasing the number physicians in primary care specialties SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Purpose. The Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, which is affiliated with the University of California, Los Angeles, UCLA School of Medicine, has a mission to increase the number of physicians pursuing careers in primary care and/or providing care to the underserved. The authors sought to determine whether Drew's initial classes are pursuing career paths consistent with the institution's mission. Method. In June 1992 the alumni from the Drew and UCLA classes of 1985 through 1987 were mailed questionnaires to ascertain their specialty choices and practice settings. Responses were analyzed using bivariate analyses and multiple logistic regression. Results. The response rates were 89% (402 of 454) for the UCLA graduates and 76% (44 of 58) for the Drew graduates. Bivariate analyses showed that Hispanics, women, older individuals, and Drew graduates were more likely ro choose primary care specialties (p < .001 for each variable). Multiple logistic regression also showed that these variables predicted primary care career choice: for being a Hispanic, odds ratio (OR) = 3.2, 95% CI (1.66, 6.35); for being a woman, OR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.28, 2.97); for being older, OR = .92, 95% CI (.86, .99); and for being a Drew graduate, OR = 2.4, 95% CI (1.09, 5.27). Older graduates practiced in underserved areas more than did younger ones (26% vs 13%, p = .03). Conclusion. To some degree, Drew has fulfilled its mission of graduating physicians who are primary care specialists and/or practice in underserved areas; however, the results raise questions regarding possible early influences on career choice. C1 YESHIVA UNIV,ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT MED,BRONX,NY 10461. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED & HLTH SERV RES,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH PROMOT & DIS PREVENT,LOS ANGELES,CA. VET AFFAIRS HLTH SERV,RES & DEV SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Barnhart, J (reprint author), YESHIVA UNIV,ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT EPIDEMIOL & SOCIAL MED,BELFER 1306A,BRONX,NY 10461, USA. FU BHP HRSA HHS [2-T32-PE-19001-06] NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 71 IS 3 BP 293 EP 295 DI 10.1097/00001888-199603000-00025 PG 3 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA UA032 UT WOS:A1996UA03200030 PM 8607932 ER PT J AU Goetz, MB AF Goetz, MB TI Relationship between fluconazole dosage regimens and the emergence of fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans SO AIDS LA English DT Editorial Material DE fluconazole; Candida albicans; candidiasis ID AIDS; INDIVIDUALS; STRAINS; TRENDS C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,DEPT MED,112F,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 3 BP 335 EP 336 DI 10.1097/00002030-199603000-00013 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA UB187 UT WOS:A1996UB18700013 PM 8882674 ER PT J AU Bliss, DZ Stein, TP Schleifer, CR Settle, RG AF Bliss, DZ Stein, TP Schleifer, CR Settle, RG TI Supplementation with gum arabic fiber increases fecal nitrogen excretion and lowers serum urea nitrogen concentration in chronic renal failure patients consuming a low-protein diet SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE gum arabic; fiber; chronic renal failure treatment; dietary therapy ID INTESTINAL BACTERIA; PROGRESSION; UREMIA; RESTRICTION; INSUFFICIENCY; METABOLISM; POPULATION; POTASSIUM; LACTULOSE; DIGESTION AB In chronic rend failure (CRF), plasma concentrations of the products of protein metabolism are increased. Current dietary management is to prescribe a decrease in protein intake. The use of dietary fiber to increase feed excretion of retained metabolites in CRF may be a beneficial adjunct to a low-protein diet (LPD). Colonic bacteria ferment dietary fiber, providing them with energy for growth and nitrogen incorporation, in turn, increasing nitrogen excretion in feces. Sixteen CRF patients consuming an LPD were randomly assigned to receive a supplement of a highly fermentable fiber, gum arabic (50 g/d), or a placebo (1 g pectin/d) in a prospective, single-blind, crossover design. Fecal bacterial mass and fecal nitrogen content were significantly increased during supplementation with gum arabic compared with the baseline LPD or supplementation with pectin. Serum urea nitrogen was significantly decreased during supplementation with gum arabic compared with the baseline LPD or supplementation with pectin. Nitrogen balance did not change significantly. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH NURSING,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT OTORHINOLARYNGOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,STRATFORD,NJ. LANKENAU HOSP,DEPT NEPHROL,WYNNEWOOD,OK. PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Bliss, DZ (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA,SCH NURSING,6-101 HS UNIT F,308 HARVARD ST SE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455, USA. NR 61 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC CLIN NUTRITION INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-2310, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 63 IS 3 BP 392 EP 398 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA TY524 UT WOS:A1996TY52400018 PM 8602598 ER PT J AU Spielman, AI Nagai, H Sunavala, G Dasso, M Breer, H Boekhoff, I Huque, T Whitney, G Brand, JG AF Spielman, AI Nagai, H Sunavala, G Dasso, M Breer, H Boekhoff, I Huque, T Whitney, G Brand, JG TI Rapid kinetics of second messenger production in bitter taste SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gustatory; quench flow; G proteins ID ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; SUCROSE STIMULATION; TRANSDUCTION; AMILORIDE; CELLS; RESPONSES; MEMBRANES; CALCIUM; LOCALIZATION; CHANNELS AB The tasting of bitter compounds may have evolved as a protective mechanism against ingestion of potentially harmful substances. We have identified second messengers involved in bitter taste and show here for the first time that they are rapid and transient. Using a quench-flow system, we have studied bitter taste signal transduction in a pair of mouse strains that differ in their ability to taste the bitter stimulus sucrose octaacetate (SOA); however, both strains taste the bitter agent denatonium. In both strains of mice, denatonium (10 mM) induced a transient and rapid increase in levels of the second messenger inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) with a maximal production near 75-100 ms after stimulation. In contrast, SOA (100 mu M) brought about a similar increase in IP3 only in SOA-taster mice. The response to SOA was potentiated in the presence of GTP (1 mu M) The GTP-enhanced SOA-response supports a G protein-mediated response for this bitter compound. The rapid kinetics, transient nature, and specificity of the bitter taste stimulus-induced IP3 formation are consistent with the role of IP3 as a second messenger in the chemoelectrical transduction of bitter taste. C1 UNIV PENN, SCH DENT MED, DEPT BIOCHEM, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV, DEPT PSYCHOL, TALLAHASSEE, FL 32306 USA. SUNTORY LTD, INST FUNDAMENTAL RES, OSAKA 618, JAPAN. UNIV STUTTGART HOHENHEIM, DEPT ZOOPHYSIOL, W-7000 STUTTGART 70, GERMANY. RP Spielman, AI (reprint author), NYU, COLL DENT, DIV BASIC SCI, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA. NR 33 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 270 IS 3 BP C926 EP C931 PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA UA603 UT WOS:A1996UA60300027 PM 8638676 ER PT J AU Saydoff, JA Rittenhouse, PA Carnes, M Armstrong, J vandeKar, LD Brownfield, MS AF Saydoff, JA Rittenhouse, PA Carnes, M Armstrong, J vandeKar, LD Brownfield, MS TI Neuroendocrine and cardiovascular effects of serotonin: Selective role of brain angiotensin on vasopressin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE 5-hydroxytryptamine; d-fenfluramine; enalapril; losartan; intracerebroventricular; rat ID CONVERTING ENZYME; CONSCIOUS RATS; RAPHE SYSTEM; SECRETION; RELEASE; OXYTOCIN; PRESSOR; AT1-RECEPTOR; AT2-RECEPTOR; TRANSMISSION AB Central serotonin (5-HT) and angiotensin (ANG II) stimulate arginine vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin (OT), and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) secretion and increase blood pressure. Studies were conducted in conscious rats to determine whether neuroendocrine activation by 5-HT requires a brain angiotensinergic intermediate pathway. In the first study, ANG LI formation was inhibited by the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril before injection of the 5-HT releaser/uptake inhibitor d-fenfluramine. Fenfluramine (2 mg/kg ip) stimulated AVP, OT, corticosterone, and prolactin (PRL) secretion (P < 0.01). Enalapril (60 mg/l in drinking water for 4 days and 10 mg/kg ip 2 h before rats were killed) inhibited only the AVP response (P < 0.01) to d-fenfluramine. In the second study, the effect of intracerebroventricular injection of the 5-HT2A/2C antagonist LY-53857 (10 mu g), or the ANG II AT(1) antagonist DuP-753 (10 mu g), on intracerebroventricular 5-HT (10 mu g)stimulated AVP, OT, ACTH, PRL, renin secretion, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) was tested. LY-53857 inhibited the AVP, OT, and ACTH responses to 5-HT (P < 0.01), whereas DuP-753 inhibited only the AVP response (P < 0.01). Intraventricular injection of 5-HT increased MAP and decreased HR. The MAP response was not affected by LY-53857 or DuP-753, and at no time did MAP decline below starting levels. The decreased HR was inhibited by LY-53857 but not by DuP-753. These results demonstrate that 5-HT-induced AVP secretion is mediated selectively via brain angiotensinergic mechanisms by way of the AT(1) receptor. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT COMPARAT BIOSCI, RADIOIMMUNOASSAY & RADIONUCLIDE LAB, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH VET MED, DEPT MED, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. UNIV WISCONSIN, SCH MED, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. LOYOLA UNIV, STRITCH SCH MED, DEPT PHARMACOL & EXPTL THERAPEUT, MAYWOOD, IL 60153 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R29-DK-40759]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-45812] NR 33 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 270 IS 3 BP E513 EP E521 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA UA593 UT WOS:A1996UA59300020 PM 8638700 ER PT J AU Sumner, AE Chin, MM Abrahm, JL Berry, GT Gracely, EJ Allen, RH Stabler, SP AF Sumner, AE Chin, MM Abrahm, JL Berry, GT Gracely, EJ Allen, RH Stabler, SP TI Elevated methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine levels show high prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency after gastric surgery SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COBALAMIN DEFICIENCY; FOLATE-DEFICIENCY; NORMAL SERUM; MALABSORPTION; URINE; QUANTITATION; PLASMA; RISK AB Objective: To determine the prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency in patients who have had gastric surgery. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Participants: 61 patients who had had gastric surgery and 107 controls. Measurements: Serum levels of vitamin B-12 folate, methylmalonic acid, and total homocysteine measured before and after treatment in participants with vitamin B-12 deficiency. Vitamin B-12 deficiency was defined as one of the following: 1) a serum vitamin B-12 level less than 221 pmol/L and an elevated methylmalonic acid level; 2) a serum vitamin B-12 level less than 221 pmol/L and an elevated total homocysteine level that decreased with vitamin B-12 treatment; or 3) in patients unavailable for treatment, a serum vitamin B-12 level less than 221 pmol/L, a folate level greater than 9 nmol/L, and an elevated total homocysteine level. Results: Study patients and controls were similar in age, sex, and racial distribution. Nineteen patients (31%) and 2 controls (2%) had vitamin B-12 deficiency (P < 0.001). Twelve (63%) of the 19 vitamin B-12-deficient patients had elevated total homocysteine levels. In all participants with vitamin B-12 deficiency who received treatment (15 of 21). methylmalonic acid and total homocysteine levels decreased substantially, confirming the deficiency before treatment. Conclusion: Patients who have had gastric surgery have a high prevalence of vitamin B-12 deficiency. Prompt recognition and treatment of the deficiency with resultant normalization of elevated total homocysteine and methylmalonic acid levels may prevent the development of cardiovascular, hematologic, and neurologic abnormalities. Our data support both frequent screening and vitamin B-12 replacement therapy in patients who have had gastric surgery and have serum vitamin B-12 levels less than 221 pmol/L. C1 HAHNEMANN UNIV,PHILADELPHIA COLL PHARM & SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. CHILDRENS HOSP PHILADELPHIA,DIV BIOCHEM DEV & MOLEC DIS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV COLORADO,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV HEMATOL,DENVER,CO 80262. RP Sumner, AE (reprint author), MED COLL PENN,PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,3300 HENRY AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129, USA. OI Berry, Gerard/0000-0001-5299-3313 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG0983, AG00532]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-21365] NR 36 TC 71 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 1 PY 1996 VL 124 IS 5 BP 469 EP & PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TW773 UT WOS:A1996TW77300002 PM 8602704 ER PT J AU Sangueza, OP Galloway, J Eagan, PA Braziel, RM Gulley, ML AF Sangueza, OP Galloway, J Eagan, PA Braziel, RM Gulley, ML TI Absence of Epstein-Barr virus in lymphomatoid papulosis - An immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization study SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL LYMPHOMA; HODGKINS-DISEASE; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA; MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; VIRAL GENOMES; DNA; INDIVIDUALS; EXPRESSION; ORIGIN AB Background and Design: Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) and cutaneous Hodgkin's disease share many clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several lymphoid malignancies, including Hodgkin's disease. Given the similarities between LyP and Hodgkin's disease, we asked if EBV could be detected in lesions of LyP. We examined 31 specimens of LyP that were obtained from 24 patients for evidence of EBV by in situ hybridization to EBER1 transcripts and for immunohistochemistry of viral latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1). Results: In no instance was there any evidence of EBV gene products by either in situ hybridization or immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: The absence of EBV in LyP suggests that this virus is not operative in the pathogenesis of LyP. Furthermore, it suggests that LyP and Hodgkin's disease may not share the same molecular mechanisms despite their phenotypic similarities. C1 MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT MED,DIV DERMATOL,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT PATHOL,PORTLAND,OR 97201. UNIV TEXAS,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78285. RP Sangueza, OP (reprint author), MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT PATHOL,1120 15TH ST,AUGUSTA,GA 30912, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA01615] NR 44 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 132 IS 3 BP 279 EP 282 DI 10.1001/archderm.132.3.279 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA TZ573 UT WOS:A1996TZ57300005 PM 8607631 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ Lewis, BS Louie, HW Urman, MK AF Duerinckx, AJ Lewis, BS Louie, HW Urman, MK TI MRI of pseudoaneurysm of a brachial venous coronary bypass graft SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE MR imaging; coronary bypass graft; pseudoaneurysm ID SAPHENOUS-VEIN GRAFT; ANGIOGRAPHY; ARTERIES; PATENCY AB Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is being performed all over the world, with major success in the management of ischemic heart disease and angina pectoris, Complications of bypass grafting include partial or total graft reocclusion, and less common entities such as aneurysm or pseudoaneurysm formation, Noninvasive imaging procedures exist which can help include or exclude the presence of these unusual types of complications when mass-like abnormalities are seen on a chest X-ray following coronary artery bypass grafting. This case specifically illustrates the usefulness of ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the evaluation and diagnosis of pseudoaneurysm formation at the site of coronary artery bypass graft. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,DEPT CARDIOTHORAC SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CEDARS SINAI MED TOWERS,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,MAIL ROUTE W114,MRI,BLD 507,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 37 IS 3 BP 281 EP 286 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0304(199603)37:3<281::AID-CCD14>3.0.CO;2-L PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TX726 UT WOS:A1996TX72600014 PM 8974807 ER PT J AU Serratosa, JM DelgadoEscueta, AV AF Serratosa, JM DelgadoEscueta, AV TI Mapping human epilepsy genes - Implications for the treatment of epilepsy SO CNS DRUGS LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL NEONATAL CONVULSIONS; MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY; ASSIGNMENT; DISEASE AB Recent and ongoing advances in mapping and isolating human epilepsy genes will: (i) modify the classification of the epilepsies; (ii) base antiepileptic drug development on defined epilepsy mutations; and (iii) spur the development of somatic cell and/or germ line therapy for the fatal progressive myoclonus epilepsies and, eventually, the chronic generalised and partial epilepsies. In the next century, advances in these 3 areas will dramatically change the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic approach to patients with epilepsy, and will probably eliminate some genetic epilepsies within 2 or 3 generations. C1 W LOS ANGELES DVA MED CTR,COMPREHENS EPILEPSY PROGRAM 127B,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES DVA MED CTR,COMPREHENS EPILEPSY PROGRAM 127B,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1172-7047 J9 CNS DRUGS JI CNS Drugs PD MAR PY 1996 VL 5 IS 3 BP 155 EP 159 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA UA225 UT WOS:A1996UA22500001 ER PT J AU Faber, R AF Faber, R TI Electroconvulsive therapy in parkinson's disease and other movement disorders. SO CONVULSIVE THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0749-8055 J9 CONVULSIVE THER JI Convulsive Therapy PD MAR PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UP329 UT WOS:A1996UP32900017 ER PT J AU Mao, CA Siegler, EL Abrutyn, E AF Mao, CA Siegler, EL Abrutyn, E TI Epidemiology - Antimicrobial resistance patterns in long term geriatric care - Implications for drug therapy SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME PATIENTS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS NASAL; SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASES; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; STREPTOCOCCUS-FAECALIS; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION; ACTIVE EFFLUX; COLONIZATION AB There is a high prevalence of bacterial infections in long term care facilities (4.4 to 16.2%). This, together with the fact that antimicrobial resistance is a big concern in current medical practice, makes infection control so important in nursing home care. This article covers the mechanisms of antibacterial resistance and focuses on 4 major antibacterial-resistant bacteria. Vancomycin is the treatment of choice for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Colonisation with MRSA is not uncommon in nursing homes and eradication is probably not necessary. Any clinically important enterococcal infection should be tested for high-level resistance. An infectious disease consultation should be sought for vancomycin-resistant enterococcal infections. Gram-negative bacilli have developed multiresistance. Susceptibility testing can identify the most appropriate therapy. Multiresistance should also be considered when treating Streptococcus pneumoniae. Overall, handwashing is highly recommended. Barrier precautions, minimising hospitalisations and avoiding unnecessary personnel rotation can reduce the chance of resistance spread. C1 HOSP UNIV PENN,DIV GERIATR MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NYU,BROOKLYN HOSP CTR,SCH MED,GERIATR SECT,BROOKLYN,NY. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED COLL PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 66 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PD MAR PY 1996 VL 8 IS 3 BP 162 EP 170 DI 10.2165/00002512-199608030-00002 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UA851 UT WOS:A1996UA85100002 PM 8720742 ER PT J AU Rosenbek, JC Robbins, JA Roecker, EB Coyle, JL Wood, JL AF Rosenbek, JC Robbins, JA Roecker, EB Coyle, JL Wood, JL TI A penetration aspiration scale SO DYSPHAGIA LA English DT Article DE dysphagia; aspiration; penetration; scaling; deglutition; deglutition disorders AB The development and use of an 8-point, equal-appearing interval scale to describe penetration and aspiration events are described. Scores are determined primarily by the depth to which material passes in the airway and by whether or not material entering the airway is expelled. Intra- and interjudge reliability have been established. Clinical and scientific uses of the scale are discussed. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT BIOSTAT,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Rosenbek, JC (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 11 TC 568 Z9 610 U1 2 U2 27 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0179-051X J9 DYSPHAGIA JI Dysphagia PD SPR PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.1007/BF00417897 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA UA576 UT WOS:A1996UA57600004 PM 8721066 ER PT J AU Singaram, C SenGupta, A AF Singaram, C SenGupta, A TI Histopathology of the enteric neuropathies - From silver staining to immunohistochemistry SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL POLYPEPTIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; CELL LUNG-CARCINOMA; PIG SMALL-INTESTINE; HIRSCHSPRUNGS-DISEASE; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; VISCERAL NEUROPATHY; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS AB The gut is abundantly supplied with neurons, extrinsic and intrinsic nerve fibers. Knowledge regarding the structure of the enteric nervous system derives principally from the classic silver-staining methods. Because silver stains do not provide information on the molecular constituents of neurons, these data only facilitate classification and may have diagnostic significance. Studies using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry are now completing the morphologic picture and laying the groundwork for the formulation of therapeutic strategies based upon demonstrable chemical defects in enteric disease. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR, MADISON, WI USA. BOSTON UNIV, SCH MED, BETH ISRAEL HOSP, BOSTON, MA USA. HARVARD UNIV, SCH MED, BOSTON, MA USA. RP Singaram, C (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN, DIV GASTROENTEROL, H6-516 CSC, 600 HIGHLAND AVE, MADISON, WI 53792 USA. NR 87 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 25 IS 1 BP 183 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70371-X PG 0 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA UB045 UT WOS:A1996UB04500011 PM 8682572 ER PT J AU Gudmundsson, A Carnes, M AF Gudmundsson, A Carnes, M TI Geriatric assessment: Making it work in primary care practice SO GERIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED CLINICAL-TRIAL; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; CONSULTATION TEAM; OLDER PATIENTS; INSTRUMENTS AB Geriatric assessment has become an established part of medical practice, a trend driven by the growing population of older patients, positive patient outcomes, and increased interest in controlling healthcare costs, Geriatric assessments, is a diagnostic process that can be performed in a variety of clinical settings, including the primary care office. The interdisciplinary assessment team usually includes at least three members: a physician, a nurse, and a social worker. Patients who appear to derive the greatest benefit are over age 75, have mild to moderate disabilities, may be at risk of nursing home placement, and may have a poor social network. For optimal effectiveness, assessment must be coupled with a comprehensive therapeutic plan and long-term follow-up. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,MADISON,WI. RP Gudmundsson, A (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 7 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 SN 0016-867X J9 GERIATRICS JI Geriatrics PD MAR PY 1996 VL 51 IS 3 BP 55 EP & PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA UA266 UT WOS:A1996UA26600009 PM 8641592 ER PT J AU Egan, BM Hennes, MMI Stepniakowski, KT OShaughnessy, IM Kissebah, AH Goodfriend, TL AF Egan, BM Hennes, MMI Stepniakowski, KT OShaughnessy, IM Kissebah, AH Goodfriend, TL TI Obesity hypertension is related more to insulin's fatty acid than glucose action SO HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 49th Annual Fall Conference and Scientific Sessions of the Council-for-High-Blood-Pressure-Research CY SEP 16-22, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Council High Blood Pressure Res DE obesity; insulin; glucose; fatty acids, nonesterified ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; CHRONIC HYPERINSULINEMIA; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PLASMA-GLUCOSE; RESISTANCE; PYRAZINOYLGUANIDINE; METABOLISM; ACTIVATION; MECHANISM; FOREARM AB Although resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal has emerged as a link between abdominal obesity and hypertension, abnormalities of nonesterified fatty acid metabolism may play a greater role. Analyses were performed on existing data from 17 abdominally obese subjects (11 hypertensive, 6 normotensive) to determine whether fatty acid concentration and turnover were related to blood pressure independently of hyperinsulinemia and resistance to insulin-mediated glucose disposal. Glucose utilization, fatty acid concentration, and fatty acid turnover were obtained fasting and during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia at 10 and 40 mU . m(-2) . min(-1). Analyses were also performed on another group of 30 subjects with a wide range of risk factors who had blood pressure data as well as glucose and fatty acid measurements during an insulin tolerance test. Fatty acid concentration and turnover were markedly more resistant to suppression by insulin in obese hypertensive than in lean or obese normotensive individuals. In the 17 obese subjects, blood pressure measured at screening, in the laboratory, and over a period of 24 hours correlated significantly with fatty acid concentration and turnover but not with glucose disposal measured during the hyperinsulinemic clamp. These correlations remained significant after fasting insulin, the insulin area under the curve during an oral glucose tolerance test, and glucose disposal during the clamp were controlled for. In the second group of subjects, plasma fatty acids 15 minutes after intravenous insulin also correlated with blood pressure. These correlations remained significant after insulin and an index of sensitivity to insulin-mediated glucose disposal were statistically controlled for. The data indicate that blood pressure is related to the effects of insulin on fatty acid metabolism. The findings raise the possibility that resistance of hormone-sensitive lipase to insulin participates in elevating the blood pressure of abdominally obese hypertensive subjects by increasing fatty acid concentration and turnover. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED COLL WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL METAB & CLIN NUTR,MILWAUKEE,WI 53226. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHARMACOL,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Egan, BM (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,DIV CLIN PHARMACOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CSB 826H,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. FU PHS HHS [R01-43164, R01-34989] NR 41 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0194-911X J9 HYPERTENSION JI Hypertension PD MAR PY 1996 VL 27 IS 3 BP 723 EP 728 PN 2 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TY065 UT WOS:A1996TY06500045 PM 8613231 ER PT J AU Perera, PY Qureshi, N Vogel, SN AF Perera, PY Qureshi, N Vogel, SN TI Paclitaxel (taxol)-induced NF-kappa B translocation in murine macrophages SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LIPID-A; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE ANTAGONISTS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; NUCLEAR FACTOR; PROTEINS; TAXOL; CELLS; SPHAEROIDES; ACTIVATION AB Interaction of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) with macrophages results in the Induction of a cascade of cytokines that mediate the varied effects of LPS. An early intracellular signaling event that follows receptor engagement is the activation of transcription factor NF-kappa B. NF-kappa B has been shown to be important for the induction of many LPS-inducible cytokine genes, including tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6. Previously, we and others have shown that the antitumor agent paclitaxel (Taxol) is able to mimic bacterial LPS in its ability to activate murine macrophages, In this report, we have extended these findings by demonstrating that paclitaxel, like LPS, is able to stimulate the translocation of primarily p50-p65 heterodimers of NF-kappa B to the nucleus. This activation is dose dependent and requires a concentration of greater than or equal to 5 mu M paclitaxel. The kinetics of NF-kappa B activation by paclitaxel are slower than those of LPS: by 15 min poststimulation, LPS-induced IVF-KB activation was readily detected, whereas the paclitaxel-induced NF-kappa B activation was minimal. Moreover, paclitaxel- and protein-free LPS-induced translocation of NF-kappa B was seen only in macrophages derived from LPS-responsive C3H/OuJ mice and not from the LPS-hyporesponsive C3H/HeJ mice, a finding that is consistent with those of previous genetic studies linking paclitaxel responsiveness to the Lps gene. Finally, the LPS structural antagonist Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A inhibited both LPS- and paclitaxel-induced NF-kappa B activation, suggesting a common receptor component in this activation. C1 UNIFORMED SERV UNIV HLTH SCI,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,BETHESDA,MD 20814. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MYCOBACTERIOL RES LAB,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH AGR & LIFE SCI,DEPT BACTERIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI18797]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM50870] NR 48 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 64 IS 3 BP 878 EP 884 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA TX566 UT WOS:A1996TX56600029 PM 8641795 ER PT J AU Norman, DC Yoshikawa, TT AF Norman, DC Yoshikawa, TT TI Fever in the elderly SO INFECTIOUS DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID UNKNOWN ORIGIN; TEMPERATURE; BACTEREMIA; INFECTIONS; PYREXIA; ADULTS AB Atypical presentation of infection is common in older adults, particularly the very old (80+ years), who are frail and suffer from multiple medical problems, including cognitive impairment. Fever is the cardinal manifestation of infection, but this important diagnostic sign may be blunted or even absent in a significant number of infected elderly patients. This article focuses exclusively on aspects of fever in association with aging and elderly persons. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,WASHINGTON,DC. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,WASHINGTON,DC. RP Norman, DC (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,OFF CHIEF STAFF,WILSHIRE & SAWTELLE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 38 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0891-5520 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN N AM JI Infect. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 10 IS 1 BP 93 EP & DI 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70288-9 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA UA702 UT WOS:A1996UA70200008 PM 8698997 ER PT J AU Marra, F Bonewald, LF ParkSnyder, S Park, IS Woodruff, KA Abboud, HE AF Marra, F Bonewald, LF ParkSnyder, S Park, IS Woodruff, KA Abboud, HE TI Characterization and regulation of the latent transforming growth factor-beta complex secreted by vascular pericytes SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-WEIGHT COMPLEX; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; FAT-STORING CELLS; LIVER-REGENERATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; HEPATIC-FIBROSIS; BINDING-PROTEIN; MESANGIAL CELLS; TGF-BETA; FACTOR-BETA-1 AB Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) stimulates the accumulation of extracellular matrix in renal and hepatic disease. Kidney glomerular mesangial cells (GMC) and liver fat-storing cells (FSC) produce latent or inactive TGF-beta. In this study, we characterized the latent TGF-beta complexes secreted by these cells. Human FSC produce a single latent TGF-beta complex, predominantly of the TGF-beta 1 isoform, whereas GMC secrete multiple complexes of latent TGF-beta, containing beta 1 and beta 2 isoforms. At least four forms were identified in GMC using ion exchange chromatography, including a peak not previously described in other cell types which eluted at 0.12 M NaCl, and predominantly of the beta 2 isoform. Both cell types secrete the latent TGF-beta 1 binding protein of 190 kDa, as part of a high molecular weight TGF-beta complex. Epidermal growth factor stimulates the secretion of latent TGF-beta and latent TGF-beta binding protein in both cell types. Secretion of the latent TGF-beta in both cell types was found to be associated with secretion of decorin. This study shows that vascular pericytes from the kidney and the liver have distinctly different profiles of latent TGF-beta complexes, with GMC secreting a unique form of latent TGF-beta 2. The regulatory effect of epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor has potential implication for the pathophysiology of liver regeneration and chronic liver and kidney diseases. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RI Marra, Fabio/K-7263-2016 OI Marra, Fabio/0000-0001-8629-0878 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-08569]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33665, DK-43988] NR 46 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 166 IS 3 BP 537 EP 546 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA TX603 UT WOS:A1996TX60300008 PM 8600157 ER PT J AU Wright, NM Papadea, N Willi, S Veldhuis, JD Pandey, JP Key, LL Bell, NH AF Wright, NM Papadea, N Willi, S Veldhuis, JD Pandey, JP Key, LL Bell, NH TI Demonstration of a lack of racial difference in secretion of growth hormone despite a racial difference in bone mineral density premenopausal in women - A clinical research center study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID WHITE-CHILDREN; BODY HABITUS; BLACK; MASS; RACE; AGE; SEX; RADIOIMMUNOASSAY; DEFICIENCY; ESTRADIOL AB We previously found GH secretion to be higher in black than white men. Therefore, we performed studies to determine whether this racial difference in GH secretion also occurs in women. Measurements of GH were obtained at 20-min intervals over 24 h and analyzed by deconvolution in 12 healthy black and 12 healthy white premenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry, and GM allotypes were measured as a genetic marker for race. Racial distribution of the groups, as determined by analysis of GM haplotypes, were typical for black and white American populations. Twenty-four-hour integrated GH concentration, GH secretory burst amplitude, burst frequency, half-duration, mass, and half-life were not different in the two groups. Serum testosterone was modestly, but significantly, greater in the black than in the white women (1.1 +/- 0.1 vs. 0.9 +/- 0.1 nmol/L; P < 0.05). Serum 17 beta-estradiol and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-3 were not different in the two groups. However, the IGF-I/IGF-binding protein-3 molar ratio was significantly greater in the black than the white women (2.0 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.6 +/- 0.1; P < 0.02). The BMD of total body (1.12 +/- 0.02 vs. 1.07 +/- 0.02 g/cm(2); P < 0.05) and total hip (0.96 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.86 +/- 0.04 g/cm(2); P < 0.05) were greater in the black (n = 13) than in the white (n = 12) women. There was a trend toward greater BMD of the forearm in the black women (0.58 +/- 0.01 vs. 0.56 +/- 0.01 g/cm(2); P = 0.06) and no racial difference in the BMD of the spine. When examining all subjects together, the BMD of the total body, trochanter, and spine correlated with total integrated GH secretion. Thus, the racial difference in GH secretion that we had previously found in men does not occur in women despite the higher BMD values at several skeletal sites in black women. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MED & PHARMACOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. UNIV VIRGINIA, SCH MED, DEPT INTERNAL MED, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22908 USA. RP Wright, NM (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PEDIAT, 171 ASHLEY AVE, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-01070]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01-AR-36066]; NICHD NIH HHS [1K04-HD-00634] NR 33 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 81 IS 3 BP 1023 EP 1026 DI 10.1210/jc.81.3.1023 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TZ906 UT WOS:A1996TZ90600029 PM 8772569 ER PT J AU Emanuele, NV Jurgens, J LaPaglia, N Williams, DW Kelley, MR AF Emanuele, NV Jurgens, J LaPaglia, N Williams, DW Kelley, MR TI The effect of castration on steady state levels of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) mRNA and proLHRH processing: Time course study utilizing semi-quantitative reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; MALE-RAT; MESSENGER-RNA; GENE-EXPRESSION; PREOPTIC AREA; ANTERIOR-PITUITARY; GONADAL-STEROIDS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; BASAL HYPOTHALAMUS; PULSE-GENERATOR AB Many studies have consistently shown that castration induces a prompt increase in serum levels and pituitary content of the gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), as well as a concomitant rise in steady state levels of the messenger RNAs directing their synthesis. The reports of effects of castration on the overall physiology of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH)-steady state levels of LHRH mRNA, post-translational processing and secretion-have, however, not been consistent. The goal of the studies reported here was to provide the first analysis of the effect of castration, at multiple post-operative time points, on steady state levels of LHRH mRNA and on the levels of hypothalamic proLHRH. All these data are correlated with hypothalamic levels of the mature LHRH decapeptide and with serum and pituitary levels of immunoreactive LH and FSH. Adult male rats were either castrated or sham-castrated (controls) and then sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, 21 or 28 days postoperatively. As expected, there was a prompt and sustained rise in serum immunoreactive LH and FSH in castrates compared with sham-operated animals. Intrapituitary LH levels rose above levels in the sham-operated animals by 14 days post castration. Intra-pituitary FSH showed a biphasic response, first falling significantly below control levels, then rising above control levels at 21 days. Steady state levels of LHRH mRNA in castrates, measured by reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction, were increased about 2-fold above control levels by 1 day postoperatively, but were virtually identical to control levels at each of the other time points despite marked changes in the gonadotropins. ProLHRH content in castrates was 1.8-times that seen in controls at 1 day post castration (P<0.05), concomitant with the rise in steady state levels of LHRH mRNA at that time point. However, proLHRH content in castrates was no different from that seen in controls at each of the later time points examined. LHRH content was' unchanged through 7 days after castration, but then fell significantly to 57% of control levels in hypothalami from animals gonadectomized 14 to 21 days previously (P<0.001 vs control), and to 54% of sham-operated levels at 28 days postoperatively (P<0.001). We conclude that: (1) changes in steady state levels of LHRH mRNA after castration are small and transient and (2) increased proLHRH coupled with unchanged LHRH levels at 1 day post castration, and castrate animal proLHRH at control levels coupled with falling LHRH at later post-castration time points indicate that the effect of gonadectomy on post-translational processing of proLHRH to LHRH is, likewise, small and transient. In aggregate our data suggest that most of the increase in serum LH and FSH seen in male rats after castration is not mediated at the hypothalamic level. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,MED SERV,HINES,IL 60141. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT MED,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,PROGRAM MOLEC BIOL,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,SECT PEDIAT ENDOCRINOL,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. RP Emanuele, NV (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,RES SERV,ROOSEVELT RD & 5TH AVE,HINES,IL 60141, USA. NR 43 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU J ENDOCRINOLOGY LTD PI BRISTOL PA 17/18 THE COURTYARD, WOODLANDS, ALMONDSBURY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS12 4NQ SN 0022-0795 J9 J ENDOCRINOL JI J. Endocrinol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 148 IS 3 BP 509 EP 515 DI 10.1677/joe.0.1480509 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UA501 UT WOS:A1996UA50100015 PM 8778229 ER PT J AU Gentilini, A Feliers, D Woodruff, K Abboud, S AF Gentilini, A Feliers, D Woodruff, K Abboud, S TI Characterization and regulation of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) in human liver fat storing cells (FSC). SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP A302 EP A302 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UG207 UT WOS:A1996UG20700612 ER PT J AU Herbert, V AF Herbert, V TI Will genuine health care be overwhelmed by questionable and fraudulent care? SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. BRONX VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP A323 EP A323 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA UG207 UT WOS:A1996UG20700727 ER PT J AU McGuire, J AF McGuire, J TI AB 3632 mental health entitlement for special education students in California: Aspects of the Los Angeles experience SO JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article AB California Assembly Bill (AB) 3632, passed in 1984, ushered in an era of entitlement to mental health services for schoolchildren with serious emotional disturbances. This article examines the development of the law, the children's public mental health context in Los Angeles County, and the significant impact of the legislation on distribution of mental health services in Los Angeles County and in one Los Angeles area community mental health center Countywide and agency data are presented that document AB 3632 and regular mental health service provision differences in gender age, ethnic, income, and language domains and, at the agency level, an increasing proportion of AB 3632 clients. Implications of AB 3632 service provision in relation to provision of mental health services to children in general are reviewed. RP McGuire, J (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SOCIAL WORK SERV W122,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 500,ROOM 6651,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE SCIENCE PRESS PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 SN 0092-8623 J9 J MENT HEALTH ADMIN JI J. Ment. Health Adm. PD SPR PY 1996 VL 23 IS 2 BP 207 EP 216 DI 10.1007/BF02519111 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA UH242 UT WOS:A1996UH24200005 PM 10157408 ER PT J AU Wechsler, AF AF Wechsler, AF TI Handbook of neurological speech and language disorders - Kirshner,HS SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Book Review RP Wechsler, AF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,W LOS ANGELES VA MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 184 IS 3 BP 201 EP 202 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA UA384 UT WOS:A1996UA38400021 ER PT J AU Reid, MS Hsu, K Tolliver, BK Crawford, CA Berger, SP AF Reid, MS Hsu, K Tolliver, BK Crawford, CA Berger, SP TI Evidence for the involvement of phospholipase A(2) mechanisms in the development of stimulant sensitization SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; ARACHIDONIC-ACID RELEASE; INDUCED DOPAMINE EFFLUX; FREELY MOVING RATS; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATION; COCAINE TREATMENT; SUBSTANCE-P AB Evidence suggests that phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) activation is involved in numerous neuroplastic phenomena, including long-term potentiation. Considering the pharmacological similarities between long-term potentiation and stimulant sensitization, it seems possible that PLA(2) activity also might have a role in the induction of stimulant sensitization. In this study, we have investigated whether PLA(2) inhibition, by quinacrine, has any effects on stimulant-induced behavioral sensitization. Both locomotor and stereotypic behavioral sensitization were dose-dependently blocked in rats pretreated with quinacrine (8-25 mg/kg i.p.) 15 min before cocaine (30 mg/kg i.p.), when tested with cocaine (15 mg/kg i.p) 72 hr later. Similar results also were found with d-amphetamine (2 mg/kg i.p,) sensitization using a 10-day treatment regimen with testing on day 11. The ability of PLA(2) activation, by melittin, to produce cocaine sensitization also was tested. Local injections of melittin (0.1 mu g/0.4 mu l) into the ventral tegmental area sensitized the subsequent stimulation of locomotor activity, stereotypy and nucleus accumbens dopamine release by cocaine, when tested 72 hr later. Local injections of melittin (0.1-1.0 mu g/0.8 mu l) into the nucleus accumbens had a moderate sensitizing effect on locomotion. Quinacrine (16 mg/kg) pretreatment 45 min before intraventral tegmental area melittin injection significantly decreased melittin-induced sensitization of the locomotor and stereotypy response to cocaine. These results indicate that PLA(2) activation may play a role in the induction of stimulant sensitization. It is proposed that PLA(2) activity in mesolimbic dopamine neurons, at the level of the cell bodies and perhaps the nerve terminals, is involved in the biochemical mechanisms mediating the development of stimulant sensitization. RP Reid, MS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PSYCHIAT SERV 116W,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121, USA. RI Crawford, cynthia/G-2603-2012 FU NIDA NIH HHS [R29 DA07376] NR 92 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 276 IS 3 BP 1244 EP 1256 PG 13 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TZ544 UT WOS:A1996TZ54400049 PM 8786557 ER PT J AU VanLinthoudt, D Salani, I Zender, R Locatelli, P Ott, H Schumacher, HR AF VanLinthoudt, D Salani, I Zender, R Locatelli, P Ott, H Schumacher, HR TI Citrate in synovial fluid and its relation to inflammation and crystal presence SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE citrate; synovial fluid; calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals; apatite; rheumatoid arthritis; osteoarthritis ID ALIZARIN RED; PHOSPHOCITRATE AB Objective, To investigate the role of citrate in the pathophysiology of arthritides with calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) crystals and/or apatite-like material. Methods, Wt: measured citrate concentrations in the plasma and synovial fluid (SF) of 23 joints whose SF contained these crystals and 33 joints without crystals, The SF originated from 25 joints each of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and primary osteoarthritis (OA) and 10 patients with various other inflammatory joint diseases. Results, There was significant correlation between citrate concentrations in the SF and plasma with values globally twice as high in the SF as in the plasma. Citrate concentrations in the SF of patients whose SF contained CPPD crystals and/or apatite-like material were not significantly lower than those without crystals. On the other hand, citrate concentrations were significantly lower in the SF of patients with RA and other inflammatory joint diseases versus those with OA, Conclusion, We have no evidence that lower amounts of citrate in SF favor the presence of CPPD crystals or apatite-like material, Our results, however, do suggest a complex regulation of the citrate concentration in SF where cellular metabolic processes and citrates arising from the plasma and neighboring tissues probably interact to produce the levels recorded. C1 COMMUNITY HOSP LAB,CH-2300 LA CHAUX DE FONDS,SWITZERLAND. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ARTHRIT IMMUNOL CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP VanLinthoudt, D (reprint author), COMMUNITY HOSP,DEPT RHEUMATOL,CH-2300 LA CHAUX DE FONDS,SWITZERLAND. NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 23 IS 3 BP 502 EP 505 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA TZ328 UT WOS:A1996TZ32800019 PM 8832992 ER PT J AU Sager, MA Rudberg, MA Jalaluddin, M Franke, T Inouye, SK Landefeld, CS Siebens, H Winograd, CH AF Sager, MA Rudberg, MA Jalaluddin, M Franke, T Inouye, SK Landefeld, CS Siebens, H Winograd, CH TI Hospital admission risk profile (HARP): Identifying older patients at risk for functional decline following acute medical illness and hospitalization SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GERIATRIC CONSULTATION; CONTROLLED TRIAL; OUTCOMES; UNIT AB OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an instrument for stratifying older patients at the time of hospital admission according to their risk of developing new disabilities in activities of daily living (ADL) following acute medical illness and hospitalization. DESIGN: Multi-center prospective cohort study. SETTING: Four university and two private non-federal acute care hospitals. PATIENTS: The development cohort consists of 448 patients and the validation cohort consists of 379 patients who were aged 70 and older and who were hospitalized for acute medical illness between 1989 and 1992. MEASUREMENTS: All patients were evaluated on hospital admission to identify baseline demographic and functional characteristics and were then assessed at discharge and 3 months after discharge to determine decline in ADL functioning. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis identified three patient characteristics that were independent predictors of functional decline in the development cohort: increasing age, lower admission Mini-Mental Status Exam scores, and lower preadmission IADL function. A scoring system was developed for each predictor variable and patients were assigned to low, intermediate, and high risk categories. The rates of ADL decline at discharge for the low, intermediate, and high risk categories were 17%, 28%, and 56% in the development cohort and 19%, 31%, and 55% in the validation cohort, respectively. Patients in the low risk category were significantly more likely to recover ADL function and to avoid nursing home placement during the 3 months after discharge. CONCLUSION: Hospital Admission Risk Profile (HARP) is a simple instrument that can be used to identify patients at risk of functional decline following hospitalization. HARP can be used to identify patients who might benefit from comprehensive discharge planning, specialized geriatric care, and experimental interventions designed to prevent/reduce the development of disability in hospitalized older populations. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. UNIV CLEVELAND HOSP,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. STANFORD UNIV,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. NR 33 TC 198 Z9 204 U1 5 U2 13 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP 251 EP 257 PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA TZ893 UT WOS:A1996TZ89300004 PM 8600192 ER PT J AU Mulrow, CD Chiodo, LK Gerety, MB Lee, S Basu, S Nelson, D AF Mulrow, CD Chiodo, LK Gerety, MB Lee, S Basu, S Nelson, D TI Function and medical comorbidity in south Texas nursing home residents: Variations by ethnic group SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DISABILITY; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in functional status and burdens of medical conditions in Mexican American and non-Hispanic white nursing home residents. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional survey of 17 nursing homes in south Texas. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 617 older nursing home residents, of whom 366 were Mexican American and 251 were non-Hispanic white. MEASURES: Activities of Daily Living (ADL) status abstracted from standard nurses notes and Burden of Disease abstracted from medical records. RESULTS: Mexican American residents had greater numbers of ADL dependencies and poorer overall ADL scores than non-Hispanic white residents. This poor functioning was not explained by age, gender, or marital or educational status. The average number of medical conditions was greater, and specific conditions, such as cerebrovascular disease, recent acute infections, diabetes, hypertension, and anemia, were more common in Mexican American residents compared with non-Hispanic white residents. In models relating function with medical conditions and ethnic group, ADL scores and dependencies were significantly related to bowel and bladder incontinence, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, recent infections, and skin decubiti, but not to ethnic group. CONCLUSION: Mexican American nursing home residents are more functionally dependent than non-Hispanic white residents. The difference in function is explained by a greater burden of medical conditions in the Mexican American residents. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GEN MED,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DIV GERIATR & GERONTOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Mulrow, CD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 24 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP 279 EP 284 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA TZ893 UT WOS:A1996TZ89300008 PM 8600196 ER PT J AU Abrutyn, E Berlin, J Mossey, J Pitsakis, P Levison, M Kaye, D AF Abrutyn, E Berlin, J Mossey, J Pitsakis, P Levison, M Kaye, D TI Does treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in older ambulatory women reduce subsequent symptoms of urinary tract infection? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID NO THERAPY; MORTALITY; ASSOCIATION; SURVIVAL; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE: To determine whether treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in older ambulatory women affects the subsequent development of symptoms of urinary tract infection. DESIGN: A controlled clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Older women not having urinary catheters. MEASUREMENTS: Urine cultures every 6 months (the same organism at 10(5) colony-forming units or more per mL on two midstream urine specimens defined asymptomatic bacteriuria) and questionnaire surveys for the new development of symptoms of urinary tract infection (dysuria, frequency, urgency, low back pain with fever) 1, 3, and 6 months after the initial survey. RESULTS: Of the 23 initally culture-positive participants receiving antibiotic treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria, nine were culture positive at 6 months, which contrasts with 18 of 27 who received no treatment or placebo, P = .05. However, symptoms of urinary tract infection were more common in the antibiotic-treated group. CONCLUSION: Antibiotic therapy effectively reduced the subsequent occurrence of positive urine cultures, but symptoms were not reduced. Based on this study of morbidity, previous studies failing to show any relation to mortality, and the cost and complications of antibiotic therapy in the older population, treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria in older women is contraindicated. C1 MED COLL PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19129. HAHNEMANN UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19102. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,CTR CLIN EPIDEMIOL & BIOSTAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Abrutyn, E (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,38TH & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 44 IS 3 BP 293 EP 295 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA TZ893 UT WOS:A1996TZ89300011 PM 8600199 ER PT J AU Levine, BS Song, M AF Levine, BS Song, M TI Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of pulse oral versus intravenous calcitriol in hemodialysis patients SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE calcitriol; pharmacokinetics; parathyroid hormone; oral; intravenous ID CHRONIC RENAL-FAILURE; SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; INTERMITTENT; THERAPY; 1,25-DIHYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D; 1,25(OH)2D3; SUPPRESSION AB Because intravenous (iv) calcitriol has greater bioavailability than oral calcitriol, it may be more efficacious in suppressing parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion, In this study, the pharmacokinetics and efficacy of pulse oral and iv calcitriol were compared. Patients were randomized to receive 2 mu g of iv or oral calcitriol after each dialysis, Two pharmacokinetic studies (PK1, PK2) were performed 10 days apart, during which the patients received calcitriol after each dialysis. Calcitriol bioavailability was determined from the area under the curve (AUC(time) (interval) ((hours)) in pg/ml per h), After the PK phase, PTH was lowered to < 200 pg/ml by titrating calcitriol to a maximum of 12 mu g/wk over 4 wk. Calcitriol was then maintained for another 18 wk unless serum calcium exceeded 11.5 mg/dL or Ca x P product exceeded 70; when these limits were reached, calcitriol was held and then restarted at a lower dose. After iv administration, peak serum calcitriol exceeded that achieved orally but by 1 h, calcitriol levels were similar. The AUC(0-0.5) (105 +/- 12, iv; 9 +/- 4, oral) and AUC(0.5-1) (68 +/- 6, iv; 30 +/- 7, oral) were higher with iv (P < 0.05), but cumulative AUC(0-48) did not differ. Individual t(1/2) values ranged from 10 to 129 h for PK1 and from 10 to 50 h for PK2, The t(1/2) for oral calcitriol was 38 +/- 14 h for PK1 and 30 +/- 4 h for PK2 (not significant (NS)), The t(1/2) for iv calcitriol was 26 +/- 5 h for PK1 and 19 +/- 3 h for PK2 (NS, PK1 versus PK2 and oral versus iv), When the PK1 oral and iv data were combined, the mean t(1/2) was 32 +/- 7 h whereas the t(1/2) for PK2 (oral and iv) was 22 +/- 3 h (P < 0.05), Baseline PTH levels were 510 +/- 90 pg/mL and 499 +/- 79 pg/mL, oral and iv, respectively, Serum PTH level at 22 wk was not different between oral and iv groups, 153 +/- 38 pg/mL and 214 +/- 124 pg/mL in iv (NS), The percentage of PTH suppression was 66 +/- 7.4% in the oral group and 69 +/- 12% in the iv group (NS), A major degree of serum iPTH suppression occurred during the initial 4 wk of treatment, concomitant with a rise in serum calcium levels. Adverse effects were similar between groups, as were the average dosages of calcitriol and phosphate binders, In conclusion, the efficacy of intravenous and pulse oral calcitriol were similar in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. The early rise in serum calcium levels observed with treatment may have contributed significantly to the suppression of serum iPTH levels, The difference in bioavailability between the different routes does not have a clinically apparent effect, The t(1/2) varied widely among individuals, whereas exposure to calcitriol may decrease the t(1/2). C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Levine, BS (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 34 TC 60 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 7 IS 3 BP 488 EP 496 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA UC397 UT WOS:A1996UC39700015 PM 8704116 ER PT J AU Mader, SL Downing, CL AmosLandgraf, J Swebjka, P AF Mader, SL Downing, CL AmosLandgraf, J Swebjka, P TI Age-related changes in G proteins in rat aorta SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING PROTEINS; VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; REGULATORY PROTEIN; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; INCREASING AGE; BLOOD VESSELS; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; RELAXATION; DESENSITIZATION; DECREASE AB Blood vessels from aged animals and humans have impaired relaxation to beta-adrenergic stimulation. We hypothesized that a loss of stimulatory G protein (Gs) or art increase in inhibitory G proteins (Gi) could explain this impairment Aortic membranes from Fischer 344 rats of 4 age groups (6 week to 24 month) were studied. G-protein levels were initially assessed using cholera and pertussis toxin labeling. There was a marked decline in cholera toxin labeling (which primarily labels Gs alpha) from 6 weeks to 6 months which persisted in 12-month and 24-month animals. Pertussis toxin labeling (which primarily labels Gi alpha) showed only a slight decline with age. Western blotting was performed using specific antibodies for the alpha subunit of Gs, G(1&2), Gi(3), and G beta. There was no significant change in Gs alpha, Gi alpha, or G beta protein levels with age. We conclude there is a loss of cholera toxin-catalyzed ADP ribosylation with age, which does not represent a loss of the stimulatory alpha subunit of G protein. These data suggest that the loss of cholera toxin labeling seen with age may be a marker for loss of Gs alpha function. C1 CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT MED,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP Mader, SL (reprint author), PORTLAND VA MED CTR,POB 1035 11V,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. RI Amos-Landgraf, James/K-9288-2013 OI Amos-Landgraf, James/0000-0003-2535-7746 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-00387]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-27651] NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 51 IS 2 BP B111 EP B116 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA UB199 UT WOS:A1996UB19900001 PM 8612094 ER PT J AU Halpern, J AF Halpern, J TI The measurement of quality of care in the Veterans Health Administration SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Database - A Resource for Research and Decision Making CY NOV, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Dept Vet Affairs VA, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ser ID IMPROVEMENT AB The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) is committed to continual refinement of its system of quality measurement. The VHA organizational structure for quality measurement has three levels. At the national level, the Associate Chief Medical Director for Quality Management provides leadership, sets policy, furnishes measurement tools, develops and distributes measures of qualify, and delivers educational programs. At the intermediate level, VHA has four regional offices with staff responsible for reviewing risk management data, investigating quality problems, and ensuring compliance with accreditation requirements. At the hospital level, staff reporting directly to the-chief of staff or the hospital director are responsible for implementing VHA quality management policy. The Veterans Health Administration's philosophy of quality measurement recognizes the agency's moral imperative to provide America's veterans with care that meets accepted standards. Because the repair of faulty systems is more efficient than the identification of poor performers, VHA has integrated the techniques of total quality management into a multifaceted improvement program that also includes the accreditation program and traditional quality assurance activities. VHA monitors its performance by maintaining adverse incident databases, conducting patient satisfaction surveys, contracting for external peer review of 50,000 records per year, and comparing process and outcome rates internally and when possible with external benchmarks. The near-term objectives of VHA include providing medical centers with a quality matrix that will permit local development of quality indicators, construction of a report card for VHA's customers, and implementing the Malcolm W. Baldrige system for quality improvement as the road map for systemwide continuous improvement. Other goals include providing. greater access to data, creating a patient-centered database, providing real-time clinical decision support, and expanding the databases. RP Halpern, J (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,810 VERMONT AVE,WASHINGTON,DC 20420, USA. NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD MAR PY 1996 VL 34 IS 3 SU S BP MS55 EP MS68 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA TZ837 UT WOS:A1996TZ83700006 PM 8598688 ER PT J AU Thomason, RW Craig, FE Banks, PM Sears, DL Myerson, GE Gulley, ML AF Thomason, RW Craig, FE Banks, PM Sears, DL Myerson, GE Gulley, ML TI Epstein-Barr virus and lymphoproliferation in methotrexate-treated rheumatoid arthritis SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epstein-Barr virus; lymphoma; methotrexate; post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder; rheumatoid arthritis ID IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; LYMPHOMAS; DISEASES; DISORDERS; INFECTION; THERAPY; LATENT; IMMUNODEFICIENCY AB Generalized lymphadenopathy developed in a 60-year-old female receiving methotrexate and prednisone for treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, Histologic examination of an enlarged right axillary lymph node revealed effacement of normal architecture by a polymorphic population of lymphocytes. The recognition that the patient was medically immunosuppressed and the similarity of lymph node histology to that of a polymorphic post-transplantation lymphoid proliferation led to suspicion that the adenopathy might represent an immunosuppression-related lymphoid proliferation, This possibility was supported by regression of the adenopathy on discontinuation of methotrexate, despite continued corticosteroid therapy, which is an outcome reminiscent of the remissions observed with reduction of immunosuppressive therapy in post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders, Subsequent ancillary laboratory studies of lymph node tissue included genetic probe analysis, which revealed a monoclonal population of B-lymphocytes containing clonal Epstein-Barr virus DNA. In situ hybridization studies performed on lymph node tissue revealed expression of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA 1 transcripts, and immunohistochemical studies revealed expression of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein 1, These ancillary studies confirmed the similarity to post transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder. Although immunosuppression-related lymphoproliferative disorders share features with malignant lymphoma, the possibility of resolution in situations in which immunosuppression can be reversed provides a distinction from true malignancy and is of profound importance in therapeutic decision making. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. WILFORD HALL USAF MED CTR,LACKLAND AFB,TX 78236. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NORTHSIDE HOSP,ATLANTA,GA. FU NCI NIH HHS [KO8-CA01615] NR 40 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 9 IS 3 BP 261 EP 266 PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA UC335 UT WOS:A1996UC33500018 PM 8685225 ER PT J AU Giordano, M Sanders, LR Castellino, P Canessa, ML DeFronzo, RA AF Giordano, M Sanders, LR Castellino, P Canessa, ML DeFronzo, RA TI Effect of alpha-adrenergic blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel antagonists on renal function in hypertensive non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients SO NEPHRON LA English DT Article DE captopril; nifedipine; doxazosin; glomerular filtration rate; proteinuria; NIDDM and hypertension ID CONVERTING-ENZYME-INHIBITION; KIDNEY-FUNCTION; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE TREATMENT; ANGIOTENSIN-II; CONTROLLED TRIAL; NEPHROPATHY; CAPTOPRIL; MELLITUS; DISEASE; THERAPY AB In the present study we investigated the effect of a selective alpha(1)-adrenergic blocker (doxazosin), an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (captopril), and a calcium channel antagonist (nifedipine) on renal function in hypertensive non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients. 30 NIDD hypertensive patients (age = 50 +/- 3 years; BMI = 30 +/- 1 kg/m(2))(mean +/- SEM) were studied before and after a 12-week period of antihypertensive treatment. Ten patients were treated with doxazosin (Cardura) (2-8 mg once daily or 8 mg b.i.d.), 9 with captopril (Capoten) (25-50 mg b.i.d.), and 11 with nifedipine (Procardia-XL) (30-60 mg once daily). Blood pressure, creatinine clearance, 24-hour urinary protein excretion, fasting plasma glucose concentration and glycosylated hemoglobin were measured before and after drug treatment. Easting plasma glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) were similar in all three groups prior to the start of antihypertensive therapy and did not change significantly from baselline in any treatment groups. In the doxazosin group creatinine clearance rose from 99 +/- 8 to 122 +/- 8 ml/1.73 m(2) . min (p < 0.01), while 24-hour urinary protein excretion declined from 2.66 +/- 0.05 to 1.76 +/- 0.02 mg/day/ml/1.73 m(2) . min (p < 0.01). In diabetics treated with captopril creatinine clearance rose from 93 +/- 6 to 109 +/- 9 ml/1.73 m(2) . min (p < 0.05), while the 24-hour urinary protein excretion fell from 2.70 +/- 0.05 to 2.03 +/- 0.04 mg/day/ml/1.73 m(2) . min (p < 0.05). In patients treated with nifedipine creatinine clearance did not change (97 +/- 6 vs. 94 +/- 7 ml/1.73 m(2) . min), while 24-hour urinary protein excretion decreased from 2.84 +/- 0.04 to 1.95 +/- 0.03 mg/day/ml/1.73 m(2) . min. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were similar in doxazosin (150 +/- 3/95 +/- 2 mm Hg), captopril(153 +/- 3/93 +/- 1), and nifedipine (155 +/- 4/93 +/- 1) groups prior to the start of antihypertensive therapy and declined to 143 +/- 3/84 +/- 3 (doxazosin), 139 +/- 3/82 +/- 3 (captopril), and 141 +/- 3/84 +/- 1 (nifedipine) mm Hg (all p < 0.01 vs. pretreatment). In summary, both doxazosin and captopril treatment were associated with significant rises in GFR, while all three antihypertensive agents caused a significant decline in proteinuria. These results indicate that alpha-adrenergic blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel antagonists can safely and effectively be used in the clinical management of non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients with hypertension. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,AUDIE L MURPHY VET MEM HOSP,DIV DIABET,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV NAPLES 2,INST INTERNAL MED & NEPHROL,NAPLES,ITALY. OI CASTELLINO, Pietro/0000-0002-9014-2007 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346] NR 57 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-2766 J9 NEPHRON JI Nephron PD MAR PY 1996 VL 72 IS 3 BP 447 EP 453 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA TY499 UT WOS:A1996TY49900013 PM 8852495 ER PT J AU Lembo, T Plourde, V Shui, Z Fullerton, S Mertz, H Tache, Y Sytnik, B Munakata, J Mayer, E AF Lembo, T Plourde, V Shui, Z Fullerton, S Mertz, H Tache, Y Sytnik, B Munakata, J Mayer, E TI Effects of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) on rectal afferent nerves in humans SO NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY LA English DT Article DE irritable bowel syndrome; mechanoreceptor; rectal compliance; spinal afferents ID FACTOR RECEPTORS; MOTOR-RESPONSES; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SPINAL-CORD; STRESS; RAT; ANTINOCICEPTION; HORMONE; NEURONS; INTERLEUKIN-2 AB Corticotropin-releasing-factor (CRF) released in the gastrointestinal mucosa from immune cells or enterochromaffin cells may play a role in the modulation of rectal afferent function. In the current study we evaluated the effects of peripherally administered CRP on afferent mechanisms in the human rectum. We used rectal balloon distention in seven healthy volunteers to evaluate the effect of CRF (1 mu g/ kg) on visceral afferents originating in the rectum which are involved in the following functions: thresholds and intensity of conscious perception, receptive relaxation, reflex inhibition of internal anal sphincter and a viscerosomatic reflex. Rectal mechanoreceptors were stimulated either by distending the rectum using a volume ramp (40 and 400 mL/min), or by intermittent phasic distention. CRF decreased the thresholds and increased the intensity for the sensation of discomfort in response to both ramp and phasic distention. During slow ramp distention, CRF also lowered the stool threshold. CRF increased rectal compliance during slow ramp distention without affecting the rare of receptive relaxation or the inflection point of the compliance curve. CRF had no effect on viscerosomatic referral patterns, or on the rectoanal inhibitory reflex. These findings are consistent with a dual effect of CRF on afferent pathways mediating perception of aversive rectal sensations, and on rectal smooth muscle. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CURE VA,GASTROENTER BIOL CTR,NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 17238, DK 33061, DK 40919] NR 49 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1350-1925 J9 NEUROGASTROENT MOTIL JI Neurogastroenterol. Motil. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2982.1996.tb00237.x PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA TX136 UT WOS:A1996TX13600002 PM 8697187 ER PT J AU Craig, WA Andes, D AF Craig, WA Andes, D TI Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in otitis media SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE otitis media; pharmacodynamics; pharmacokinetics; middle ear fluid ID MIDDLE-EAR FLUID; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; HAEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; MORAXELLA-CATARRHALIS; EFFICACY; ERYTHROMYCIN; AMOXICILLIN; SERUM C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. RP Craig, WA (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 30 TC 315 Z9 321 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 15 IS 3 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1097/00006454-199603000-00015 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA UA252 UT WOS:A1996UA25200012 PM 8852915 ER PT J AU Linn, WD AF Linn, WD TI Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in left ventricular dysfunction SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Evolving Concepts in the Treatment of Heart Failure, at the 1995 Annual Meeting of the American-College-of-Clinical-Pharmacy CY AUG 06, 1995 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Coll Clin Pharm ID CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; DOUBLE-BLIND; LONG-TERM; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; ENALAPRIL; CAPTOPRIL; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL AB Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been used for more than a decade in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure, In recent years these agents have been used in patients who survived a myocardial infarction. However, primary care providers are often confused as to which patients would benefit the most, and as a result, these life-prolonging drugs are underutilized. The results of randomized controlled trials evaluating ACE inhibitors' effects on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic congestive heart failure or acute myocardial infarction were evaluated, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors clearly improve survival in patients with symptomatic congestive heart failure. This survival benefit is approximately 6 months. In patients with asymptomatic systolic dysfunction, these agents also decrease the number of hospital admissions due to heart failure. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors also improve survival in all patients who experienced an acute myocardial infarction. With the plethora of evidence regarding the positive effects that this class of drugs has on the quality of life and survival of patients with systolic dysfunction, it is still unclear why clinicians are reluctant to use them more often. Primary care providers need to be educated on how to risk stratify patients to make this therapy more cost effective, and when these agents should be started. RP Linn, WD (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,BOX 11-C,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 47 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER BOX 806 171 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD MAR-APR PY 1996 VL 16 IS 2 BP S50 EP S58 PN 2 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA UA857 UT WOS:A1996UA85700005 PM 8668606 ER PT J AU Beahrs, JO AF Beahrs, JO TI Ritual deception: A window to the hidden determinants of human politics SO POLITICS AND THE LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PROSPECT-THEORY AB Political leaders of all persuasions are known to make public statements of affiliative allegiance with more form than substance, and to disavow political motivations obvious to the public. Such ''ritual deceptions'' are better understood in the same light as social etiquette-as partly deceptive behaviors that help to bond individuals with conflicting interests. Those who are more open and honest are often punished, more for breaking unspoken rules and taboos than for the actual content revealed, The functions of ritual deception are explicated by sociobiological theory, and the process, by understanding hypnotic transactions. Political deceptions require the active collaboration of subjects, achieved through the same skills used by experienced hypnotists. Deceptive transactions are more likely to occur in internally traumatized societies, and occur along a continuum from ritual deception to overt disinformation, Examples are taken from recent American history, That the content of ritual deception is so close to full awareness suggests its value as a focal point, both for studying the hidden determinants within human politics, and for policy intervention when appropriate. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR 97207. RP Beahrs, JO (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201, USA. NR 66 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU BEECH TREE PUBLISHING PI GUILDFORD PA 10 WATFORD CLOSE, GUILDFORD, SURREY, ENGLAND GU1 2EP SN 0730-9384 J9 POLIT LIFE SCI JI Polit. Life Sci. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 15 IS 1 BP 3 EP 12 PG 10 WC Biology; History & Philosophy Of Science; Social Issues SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; History & Philosophy of Science; Social Issues GA UM151 UT WOS:A1996UM15100001 ER PT J AU Smith, DW Frueh, BC AF Smith, DW Frueh, BC TI Compensation seeking, comorbidity, and apparent exaggeration of PTSD symptoms among Vietnam combat veterans SO PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VALIDITY; SCALE; RELIABILITY AB We evaluated whether veterans who apparently exaggerate their symptoms are more likely to be (a) seeking disability compensation or (b) suffering from more comorbid pathology than nonexaggerating veterans. Fifty-four of 145 (37%) veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder who completed the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (J. N. Butcher, W. G. Dahlstrom, J. R. Graham, A. Tellegen, & B. Kaemmer, 1989) were identified as apparent exaggerators, with F (Frequency) - K (Correction) > 13. These participants scored higher than nonexaggerators on self-report measures of various psychological symptoms but were no more likely to be seeking compensation or to have comorbid substance use or other anxiety disorders. Affective disorder was overrepresented among apparent exaggerators, however. Findings support the hypothesis of increased comorbidity among symptom exaggerators as measured by the F - K index but not the commonly held belief that symptom exaggerators are more likely to seek compensation. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,NATL CRIME VICTIMS RES & TREATMENT CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 21 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 1040-3590 J9 PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT JI Psychol. Assess. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 8 IS 1 BP 3 EP 6 DI 10.1037/1040-3590.8.1.3 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA UB448 UT WOS:A1996UB44800001 ER PT J AU Sadeghi, A Kuisk, H Tran, L StRoyal, L AF Sadeghi, A Kuisk, H Tran, L StRoyal, L TI Urethrography and ischial intertuberosity line in radiation therapy planning for prostate carcinoma SO RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethrography; radiation therapy planning; prostate cancer ID RETROGRADE URETHROGRAPHY; CANCER; APEX AB We analyzed our urethrography procedure regarding the validity of using the ischial tuberosity line (ITL) as the caudal margin of treatment portals for prostate carcinoma. The distances of the external urethral sphincter and the lowest margin of the opacified urinary bladder were analyzed in one hundred fifteen consecutive urethrograms. None showed the urethral sphincter to be caudal to the ITL. Ten percent of the sphincters were located less than 1.0 cm cephalad to the ITL, yielding inadequate treatment coverage if the ITL was relied on. Arbitrarily considering 2.0 cm or more of the urethral irradiation to be excessive, the use of the ITL would then have resulted in unnecessary normal tissue irradiation of 42.5%. The ITL should not be used as the caudal margin for prostate treatment portals. Variation in sphincter position, as also seen on lateral projections, reveal a need for urethrography as a necessary supplement to computed tomography to plan radiation portals for prostate cancer. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT RADIAT ONCOL,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Sadeghi, A (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RADIAT THERAPY SERV,691-214,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0167-8140 J9 RADIOTHER ONCOL JI Radiother. Oncol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 38 IS 3 BP 215 EP 222 DI 10.1016/0167-8140(96)01704-5 PG 8 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA UB868 UT WOS:A1996UB86800004 PM 8693101 ER PT J AU Adrogue, HJ Wesson, DE AF Adrogue, HJ Wesson, DE TI Role of dietary factors in the hypertension of African Americans SO SEMINARS IN NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; POTASSIUM; SODIUM; ALDOSTERONE; BLACKS; MILD C1 TEXAS TECH UNIV,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL & MED,LUBBOCK,TX 79430. RP Adrogue, HJ (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0270-9295 J9 SEMIN NEPHROL JI Semin. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 1996 VL 16 IS 2 BP 94 EP 101 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA TZ101 UT WOS:A1996TZ10100005 PM 8668865 ER PT J AU Soll, AH AF Soll, AH TI Medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease - Practice guidelines SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; BENIGN GASTRIC-ULCER; GASTRODUODENAL MUCOSAL DAMAGE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RESISTANT DUODENAL-ULCERS; LONG-TERM TREATMENT; DOUBLE-BLIND; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; MAINTENANCE THERAPY AB Objective. - To integrate the realization that peptic ulcer most commonly reflects infection with Helicobacter pylori or use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) into a disease management approach. Participants. - Guidelines were outlined by the author and presented for review to the American College of Gastroenterology (ACG) Practice Parameters Committee, selected by the president of the ACG, and a panel of experts in peptic ulcer, selected by the committee. Evidence and Consensus Process. - These guidelines were formulated following extensive review of the literature obtained by a MEDLINE search and presented for detailed review and revision to unpublicized committee meetings on three occasions and to experts by mail, These recommendations are an official statement of the ACG and have been approved by the American Gastroenterological Association and the American Society for Gastroenterological Endoscopy. Firm recommendations are discriminated from reasonable suppositions pending definitive data. Conclusions. - Since cure of H pylori infection decreases recurrence rates and facilitates healing, antibiotic therapy is indicated for all H pylori-infected ulcer patients. No optimal, simple antibiotic regimen has yet emerged. Simultaneous conventional ulcer therapy is recommended to facilitate symptom relief and healing. For refractory ulcers, only maximal acid inhibition offers advantage over continued conventional therapy; cure of H pylori infection is likely to facilitate healing of refractory ulcers. Only with complicated or refractory ulcers should conventional maintenance therapy be continued, at least until successful H pylori eradication is confirmed. A search for NSAID use is indicated for all ulcer patients. For NSAID-associated ulcers these drugs should be discontinued if possible and H pylori, if present, should be cured. RP W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR, BLDG 115, ROOM 215, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 98 TC 241 Z9 248 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD FEB 28 PY 1996 VL 275 IS 8 BP 622 EP 629 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TW627 UT WOS:A1996TW62700023 PM 8594244 ER PT J AU Chesebro, JH Wiebers, DO Holland, AE Bardsley, WT Litin, SC Meissner, I Zerbe, DM Flaker, GC Webel, R Nolte, B Stevenson, P Byer, J Wright, W Anderson, DC Asinger, RW Newburg, SM Bundlie, SR Farmer, CC Koller, RL Haugland, JM Nance, MA Tarrel, RM Dunbar, DN Jorgensen, CR Sharkey, SW Leonard, AD Kanter, MC Solomon, DH Zabalgoitia, M McAnulty, JH Marchant, C Coull, BM Kelley, RE Chahine, R Palermo, M Teixeiro, P Feldman, G Hayward, A MacMillan, K Gandara, E Anderson, W Blank, N Strauss, R Feinberg, WM Vold, BK Kern, KB Appleton, C Bruck, D Dorr, S Dittrich, HC Rothrock, JF Hagenhoff, C Logan, WR Hamilton, WP Green, BJ Bacon, RS Helgason, CM Kondos, GT Hoff, J Halperin, JL Rothlauf, EB Weinberger, JM Goldman, ME Miller, VT Hockersmith, CJ Cohen, BA Janosik, DL Cadell, DJ Kellerman, L Gomez, CR Labovitz, AJ Rothbart, RM Bailey, GH Burkhardt, C Horwitz, L Blackshear, JL Weaver, L Baker, V Lee, G Lane, G Rubino, F Safford, R Kronmal, RA McBride, R Pearce, L Fletcher, KA Nasco, E Hart, RG Sherman, DG Talbert, RL Heberling, PA Colton, T Levy, DE Marsh, JD Welch, KMA Marler, JR Walker, MD AF Chesebro, JH Wiebers, DO Holland, AE Bardsley, WT Litin, SC Meissner, I Zerbe, DM Flaker, GC Webel, R Nolte, B Stevenson, P Byer, J Wright, W Anderson, DC Asinger, RW Newburg, SM Bundlie, SR Farmer, CC Koller, RL Haugland, JM Nance, MA Tarrel, RM Dunbar, DN Jorgensen, CR Sharkey, SW Leonard, AD Kanter, MC Solomon, DH Zabalgoitia, M McAnulty, JH Marchant, C Coull, BM Kelley, RE Chahine, R Palermo, M Teixeiro, P Feldman, G Hayward, A MacMillan, K Gandara, E Anderson, W Blank, N Strauss, R Feinberg, WM Vold, BK Kern, KB Appleton, C Bruck, D Dorr, S Dittrich, HC Rothrock, JF Hagenhoff, C Logan, WR Hamilton, WP Green, BJ Bacon, RS Helgason, CM Kondos, GT Hoff, J Halperin, JL Rothlauf, EB Weinberger, JM Goldman, ME Miller, VT Hockersmith, CJ Cohen, BA Janosik, DL Cadell, DJ Kellerman, L Gomez, CR Labovitz, AJ Rothbart, RM Bailey, GH Burkhardt, C Horwitz, L Blackshear, JL Weaver, L Baker, V Lee, G Lane, G Rubino, F Safford, R Kronmal, RA McBride, R Pearce, L Fletcher, KA Nasco, E Hart, RG Sherman, DG Talbert, RL Heberling, PA Colton, T Levy, DE Marsh, JD Welch, KMA Marler, JR Walker, MD TI Bleeding during antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ORAL ANTICOAGULANT-THERAPY; PROSTHETIC HEART-VALVES; PROTHROMBIN-TIME RATIO; INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; THROMBOEMBOLIC COMPLICATIONS; DIFFERENT INTENSITIES; RISK-FACTORS; WARFARIN; OUTPATIENTS; TRIAL AB Background: The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation II study compared warfarin vs aspirin for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Bleeding complications importantly detracted from warfarin's net effectiveness, particularly among older patients. Objectives: To analyze bleeding complications according to assigned therapy. To identify risk factors for bleeding during anticoagulation. Methods: Eleven hundred patients (mean age, 70 years) were randomized to 325 mg of aspirin daily (enteric coated) vs warfarin (target prothrombin time ratio, 1.3 to 1.8; approximate international normalized ratio, 2.0 to 4.5). Major hemorrhages were defined prospectively. Results: The rate of major bleeding while receiving warfarin was 2.3% per year (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 3.2) vs 1.1% per year (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.8) while receiving aspirin (relative risk, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.1; P=.02). Intracranial hemorrhage occurred at 0.9% per year (95% CI, 0.5 to 1.5) with warfarin and 0.3% per year (95% CI, 0.1 to 0.8) with aspirin (relative risk, 2.4; P=.08). Age (P=.006), increasing number of prescribed medications (P=.007), and intensity of anticoagulation (P=.02) were independent risks for bleeding at any site during anticoagulation. The rate of major hemorrhage was 1.7% per year in patients aged 75 years or younger who received anticoagulation vs 4.2% per year in older patients (relative risk, 2.6, P=.009); rates by age for intracranial bleeding were 0.6% per year and 1.8% per year, respectively (P=.05). Conclusion: Advancing age and more intense anticoagulation increase the risk of major hemorrhage in patients given warfarin for stroke prevention. C1 HENNEPIN CTY MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55415. MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO. ABBOTT NW HOSP,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. PARK NICOLLET MED CTR,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,PORTLAND,OR 97201. UNIV MIAMI,SCH MED,MIAMI,FL. KAISER PERMANENTE,PORTLAND,OR. UNIV ARIZONA,COLL MED,TUCSON,AZ. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,MED CTR,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. ST JOHNS MERCY MED CTR,ST LOUIS,MO 63141. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL MED,CHICAGO,IL. UNIV ILLINOIS,COLL MED,PEORIA,IL 61656. MT SINAI MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10029. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,SCH MED,CHICAGO,IL. ST LOUIS UNIV,MED CTR,ST LOUIS,MO. UNIV COLORADO,SCH MED,DENVER,CO. MAYO CLIN,JACKSONVILLE,FL 32224. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. STAT & EPIDEMIOL RES CORP,SEATTLE,WA. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. KNOLL PHARMACEUT,WHIPPANY,NJ. HARVARD UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. HENRY FORD HOSP,DETROIT,MI 48202. NINCDS,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 67 TC 296 Z9 300 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD FEB 26 PY 1996 VL 156 IS 4 BP 409 EP 416 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TW328 UT WOS:A1996TW32800007 ER PT J AU Petty, F Rush, AJ Davis, JM Calabrese, JR Kimmel, SE Kramer, GL Small, JG Miller, MJ Swann, AE Orsulak, PJ Blake, ME Bowden, CL AF Petty, F Rush, AJ Davis, JM Calabrese, JR Kimmel, SE Kramer, GL Small, JG Miller, MJ Swann, AE Orsulak, PJ Blake, ME Bowden, CL TI Plasma GABA predicts acute response to divalproex in mania SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE bipolar disorder; mania; GABA; divalproex; valproic acid; lithium; response prediction ID GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; SODIUM VALPROATE; BIPOLAR DISORDER; AMINO-ACIDS; BRAIN; RAT; DEPRESSION; ILLNESS AB Bipolar I, manic phase inpatients were treated with divalproex sodium, lithium, or placebo in a previously reported parallel group multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled acute phase treatment trial. Plasma concentrations of gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) were measured before and after treatment. Higher pretreatment plasma GABA levels were significantly (p = .04) related to a better clinical response to divalproex (n = 19). Pretreatment plasma GABA levels did not correlate with response to either lithium (n = 13) or placebo (n = 31). Following treatment with divalproex sodium, plasma GABA levels decreased significantly (p < .05), compared to placebo. Pretreatment plasma GABA levels were not related to overall severity of manic symptoms. Plasma GABA may predict response to pharmacologic agents acting on the GABA system. C1 UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,DALLAS,TX. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CHICAGO,IL 60612. ILLINOIS STATE PSYCHIAT INST,CHICAGO,IL 60612. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,SCH MED,CLEVELAND,OH. INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. LARUE D CARTER MEM HOSP,INDIANAPOLIS,IN. UNIV TEXAS,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,HOUSTON,TX. ABBOTT LABS,ABBOTT PK,IL 60064. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Petty, F (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,4500 S LANCASTER RD,DALLAS,TX 75216, USA. OI Rush, Augustus/0000-0003-2004-2382 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH37899, MH41115] NR 30 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 15 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 278 EP 284 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00141-7 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA TW730 UT WOS:A1996TW73000007 PM 8645774 ER PT J AU Compton, PA Anglin, MD KhalsaDenison, ME Paredes, A AF Compton, PA Anglin, MD KhalsaDenison, ME Paredes, A TI The D2 dopamine receptor gene, addiction, and personality: Clinical correlates in cocaine abusers SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE cocaine; allele; dopamine; substance abuse; genetic predisposition ID ALLELIC ASSOCIATION C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. LOS ANGELES ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Compton, PA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,DRUG ABUSE RES CTR,1100 GLENDON AVE,SUITE 763,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. NR 10 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 15 PY 1996 VL 39 IS 4 BP 302 EP 304 DI 10.1016/0006-3223(95)00476-9 PG 3 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA TW730 UT WOS:A1996TW73000012 PM 8645779 ER PT J AU Alsina, M Boyce, B Devlin, RD Anderson, JL Craig, F Mundy, GR Roodman, GD AF Alsina, M Boyce, B Devlin, RD Anderson, JL Craig, F Mundy, GR Roodman, GD TI Development of an in vivo model of human multiple myeloma bone disease SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-1; GROWTH; MECHANISMS; RESORPTION; SECRETION; SEVERITY; CYTOKINE; MICE AB Osteolytic bone destruction and its complications, bone pain, pathologic fractures, and hypercalcemia, are a major source of morbidity and mortality in patients with multiple myeloma. The bone destruction in multiple myeloma is due to increased osteoclast (OCL) activity and decreased bone formation in areas of bone adjacent to myeloma cells. The mechanisms underlying osteolysis in multiple myeloma in vivo are unclear. We used a human plasma cell leukemia cell line, ARH-77, that has disseminated growth in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) and expresses IgG kappa, as a model for human multiple myeloma. SCID mice were irradiated with 400 rads and mice were injected either with 10(6) ARH-77 cells intravenously (ARH-77 mice) or vehicle 24 hours after irradiation. Development of bone disease was assessed by blood ionized calcium levels, x-rays, and histology. All ARH-77, but none of control mice that survived irradiation, developed hind limb paralysis 28 to 35 days after injection and developed hypercalcemia (1.35 to 1.46 mmol/ L) a mean of 5 days after becoming paraplegic. Lytic bone lesions were detected using x-rays in all the hypercalcemic mice examined. No lytic lesions or hypercalcemia developed in the controls. Controls or ARH-77 mice, after developing hypercalcemia, were then killed and bone marrow plasma from the long bones was obtained, concentrated, and assayed for bone-resorbing activity. Bone marrow plasma from ARH-77 mice induced significant bone resorption in the fetal rat long bone resorption assay when compared with controls (percentage of total Ca-45 released = 35% +/- 4% v 11% +/- 1%). Histologic examination of tissues from the ARH-77 mice showed infiltration of myeloma cells in the liver and spleen and marked infiltration in vertebrae and long bones, with loss of bony trabeculae and increased OCL numbers. Interestingly, cultures of ARH-77 mouse bone marrow for early OCL precursors (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage [CFU-GM]) showed a threefold increase in CFU-GM from ARH-77 marrow versus controls (185 +/- 32 v 40 +/- 3 per 2 x 10(5) cells plated). Bone-resorbing human and murine cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 alpha or beta, TGF alpha, lymphotoxin, and TNF alpha were not significantly increased in ARH-77 mouse sera or marrow plasma, compared with control mice, although ARH-77 cells produce IL-6 and lymphotoxin in vitro. Conditioned media from ARH-77 cells induced significant bone resorption in the fetal rat long bone resorption assay when compared with untreated media (percentage of total Ca-45 released = 22% +/- 2% v 11% +/- 1%). This effect was not blocked by anti-IL-6 or antilymphotoxin (percentage of total Ca-45 released = 19% +/- 1% and 22% +/- 1%, respectively). Thus, we have developed a model of human multiple myeloma bone disease that should be very useful to dissect the pathogenesis of the bone destruction in multiple myeloma. (C) 1996 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NCI NIH HHS [K12 CA01723, CA-40035]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188] NR 24 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD FEB 15 PY 1996 VL 87 IS 4 BP 1495 EP 1501 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA TV523 UT WOS:A1996TV52300035 PM 8608240 ER PT J AU Jacoby, RF Marshall, DJ Newton, MA Novakovic, K Tutsch, K Cole, CE Lubet, RA Kelloff, GJ Verma, A Moser, AR Dove, WF AF Jacoby, RF Marshall, DJ Newton, MA Novakovic, K Tutsch, K Cole, CE Lubet, RA Kelloff, GJ Verma, A Moser, AR Dove, WF TI Chemoprevention of spontaneous intestinal adenomas in the Apc (Min) mouse model by the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug piroxicam SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; NEOPLASIA; MUTATION; MUCOSA AB C57BL/6J-Min/+ mice (n = 56), heterozygous for a nonsense mutation in the Apc gene, sere randomized at weaning to seven groups, including groups treated with piroxicam at 0, 50, 100, and 200 ppm in the AIN93G diet. After only 6 weeks of treatment, intestinal adenomas and aberrant crypt foci were counted, and serum levels of piroxicam and thromboxane B-2 were quantitated. Tumor multiplicity was decreased in a dose-dependent manner from 17.3 +/- 2.7 in the control to 2.1 +/- 1.1 (12%) in the high-dose piroxicam group (P < 0.001). Thromboxane B-2 levels in plasma also decreased monotonically in parallel to the decrease in tumor multiplicity, consistent with the prostaglandin inhibitory effect of piroxicam. The Min mouse model demonstrates that the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug piroxicam has strong biological and therapeutic effects, potentially useful for prevention of the early adenoma stage of tumor development. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT HUMAN ONCOL,MADISON,WI 53792. CTR COMPREHENS CANC,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT BIOSTAT,MADISON,WI 53792. NCI,CHEMOPREVENT LAB,DCPC,BETHESDA,MD 20892. UNIV WISCONSIN,MCARDLE LAB CANC RES,MADISON,WI 53706. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA14520, CA59352, CA50585] NR 20 TC 293 Z9 294 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD FEB 15 PY 1996 VL 56 IS 4 BP 710 EP 714 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA TV219 UT WOS:A1996TV21900011 PM 8631000 ER PT J AU McMillan, JI Riordan, JW Couser, WG Pollock, AS Lovett, DH AF McMillan, JI Riordan, JW Couser, WG Pollock, AS Lovett, DH TI Characterization of a glomerular epithelial cell metalloproteinase as matrix metalloproteinase-9 with enhanced expression in a model of membranous nephropathy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE gelatinases; kidney glomerulus; epithelium-enzymology; glomerulonephritis membranous; basement membrane metabolism ID BASEMENT-MEMBRANE; INCREASED PERMEABILITY; FIBROSARCOMA CELLS; HEPARAN-SULFATE; DEGRADATION; PROTEINASES; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; PURIFICATION; CONTRIBUTES; MACROPHAGES AB The role of the glomerular visceral epithelial cell in the physiologic turnover and pathologic breakdown of the glomerular extracellular matrix has remained largely unexplored. Tn this study a 98-kD neutral proteinase secreted by cultured rat visceral glomerular epithelial cells was shown to be a calcium, zinc-dependent enzyme secreted in latent form. In addition, the protein was heavily glycosylated and demonstrated proteolytic activity against Type I gelatin, Type TV collagen gelatin, and fibronectin. The similarity in molecular mass and substrate specificities to the 92-kD human matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9, or gelatinase B) suggested the identity of this activity, which was confirmed by immunoprecipitation and Northern blot analysis. The differences in molecular mass (98 vs. 92 kD) were not due to species-specific differences in glycosylation patterns. since cultured rat peritoneal macrophages secreted MMP-9 as a 92-kD enzyme. Furthermore, transfection of the human MMP-9 cDNA into rat glomerular epithelial cells yielded the 98-kD product. Using a specific monoclonal anti-MMP-9 antibody and in situ reverse transcription (ISRT) analysis of MMP-9 mRNA, the expression of this enzyme was evaluated in vivo. Normal rat glomeruli expressed little immunohistochemical or ISRT staining for MMP-9, while in rats with passive Heymann nephritis there was a major increase in MMP-9 protein and mRNA staining within the visceral epithelial cells. The temporal patterns of MMP-9 expression correlated with the period of proteinuria associated with this model, suggesting that a causal relationship may exist between GEC MMP-9 expression and changes in glomerular capillary permeability. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO VAMC,MED SERV 111J,DEPT MED,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,SEATTLE,WA 98105. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-39766, DK-31398, DK-34198] NR 30 TC 123 Z9 143 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD FEB 15 PY 1996 VL 97 IS 4 BP 1094 EP 1101 DI 10.1172/JCI118502 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA UD037 UT WOS:A1996UD03700028 PM 8613533 ER PT J AU OBrien, WA Hartigan, PM Martin, D Esinhart, J Hill, A Benoit, S Rubin, M Lahart, C Wray, N Finegold, SM George, WL Dickinson, GM Klimas, N Diamond, G ZollaPazner, SB Jensen, PC Hawkes, C Oster, C Gordin, F Labriola, AM Spivey, P Matthews, T Weinhold, K Drusano, G Egorin, MJ AF OBrien, WA Hartigan, PM Martin, D Esinhart, J Hill, A Benoit, S Rubin, M Lahart, C Wray, N Finegold, SM George, WL Dickinson, GM Klimas, N Diamond, G ZollaPazner, SB Jensen, PC Hawkes, C Oster, C Gordin, F Labriola, AM Spivey, P Matthews, T Weinhold, K Drusano, G Egorin, MJ TI Changes in plasma HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ lymphocyte counts and the risk of progression to AIDS SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; CONTROLLED TRIAL; CLINICAL-TRIALS; END-POINTS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; P24 ANTIGEN; ZIDOVUDINE; MARKER; NEOPTERIN; RESISTANCE AB Background. Clinical trials of antiretroviral drugs can take years to complete because the outcomes measured are progression to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or death. Trials could be accelerated by the use of end points such as changes in CD4+ lymphocyte counts and plasma levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA and beta(2)-microglobulin, but there is uncertainty about whether these surrogate measures are valid predictors of disease progression. Methods. We analyzed data from the Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on AIDS, which compared immediate with deferred zidovudine therapy. Patients' plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA and beta(2)-microglobulin were measured in stored plasma. Results. Among the 129 patients in the immediate-treatment group, 34 had disease that progressed to AIDS, as compared with 57 of the 141 patients in the deferred-treatment group (P=0.03). Progression to AIDS correlated strongly with base-line CD4+ lymphocyte counts (P=0.001) and plasma levels of HIV-1 RNA (P<0.001), but not with base-line levels of beta(2)-microglobulin (P=0.14). A decrease of at least 75 percent in the plasma level of HIV-1 RNA over the first six months of zidovudine therapy accounted for 59 percent of the benefit of treatment, defined as the absence of progression to AIDS (95 percent confidence interval, 13 to 112 percent). Plasma beta(2)-microglobulin levels and CD4+ lymphocyte counts explained less of the effect of treatment. A 75 percent decrease in the plasma HIV-1 RNA level plus a 10 percent increase in the CD4+ lymphocyte count could explain 79 percent of the treatment effect (95 percent confidence interval, 27 to 145 percent). Conclusions. Treatment-induced changes in the plasma HIV-1 RNA level and the CD4+ lymphocyte count, taken together, are valid predictors of the clinical progression of HIV-related disease and can be used to assess the efficacy of zidovudine and possibly other antiretroviral drugs as well. (C) 1996, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. VET AFFAIRS COOPERAT STUDIES PROGRAM,COORDINATING CTR,W HAVEN,CT. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. GLAXO INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. NYU,SCH MED,NEW YORK,NY. DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DURHAM,NC. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DURHAM,NC 27705. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX 77030. VET ADM MED CTR,MIAMI,FL 33125. VET ADM MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94121. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC. VET ADM MED CTR,WASHINGTON,DC 20422. DUKE UNIV,VIROL CTR,DURHAM,NC 27706. UNIV MARYLAND,PHARMACOL LAB,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RP OBrien, WA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 40 TC 605 Z9 610 U1 2 U2 12 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 15 PY 1996 VL 334 IS 7 BP 426 EP 431 DI 10.1056/NEJM199602153340703 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TU696 UT WOS:A1996TU69600003 PM 8552144 ER PT J AU Guze, PA AF Guze, PA TI AOA Distinguished Teacher Award for senior faculty in the clinical sciences SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Item About an Individual C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Guze, PA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 71 IS 2 BP 156 EP 157 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA TU974 UT WOS:A1996TU97400025 ER PT J AU Woody, GE AF Woody, GE TI Present difficulties, future possibilities SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Woody, GE (reprint author), PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SUBST ABUSE TREATMENT & RES CTR,39TH & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD FEB PY 1996 VL 91 IS 2 BP 226 EP 228 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1996.tb03181.x PG 3 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA TT860 UT WOS:A1996TT86000008 ER PT J AU Yousfi, MM ElZimaity, HM Cole, RA Genta, RM Graham, DY AF Yousfi, MM ElZimaity, HM Cole, RA Genta, RM Graham, DY TI Metronidazole, ranitidine and clarithromycin combination for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection (modified Bazzoli's triple therapy) SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; DUODENAL-ULCERS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RESISTANCE AB Background: Multi-drug regimens are generally required to reliably cure Helicobacter pylori infection, Metronidazole, clarithromycin and omeprazole has proven to be an effective combination therapy with a cure rate of 90% or greater. Methods: We evaluated a 14-day combination regimen for H, pylori infection consisting of metronidazole 500 mg b.d., clarithromycin 250 mg b.d. and ranitidine 300 mg b.d, (MRC) instead of omeprazole, Ranitidine alone was continued for an additional 4 weeks, H, pylori status was determined by rapid urease testing, histopathology using the Genta stain, and by culture at entry and 4 weeks after completing antimicrobial therapy. Results: Twenty-seven patients with documented peptic ulcer disease and H. pylori infection were treated. Five had previously failed macrolide-based antimicrobial therapy; none had received metronidazole. All ulcers were healed at week 6 except one patient taking naproxen; his H, pylori infection was cured, Overall, H. pylori infection was cured in 78% (95% CI = 58-91%). In patients with clarithromycin-sensitive isolates, the cure rate was 20 of 23 (87%, 95% C.I. = 66-97%); only one of four patients (25%) with clarithromycin-resistant isolates was cured, In contrast, four of five patients with metronidazole-resistant isolates were cured (80%), In patients with isolates sensitive to both antibiotics, the cure rate was 16 of 18 (89%, 95% C.I. = 65-99%), Mild side effects were reported by 27%, including diarrhoea and altered taste. Compliance averaged 98%. Conclusion: These results suggest that the combination of metronidazole, ranitidine and clarithromycin results in high cure rates in patients with clarithromycinsensitive isolates, Omeprazole may not be required for Bazzoli's triple therapy; and large multicentre comparative trials are indicated. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR 111D,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV MOLEC VIROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 10 IS 1 BP 119 EP 122 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TX821 UT WOS:A1996TX82100013 PM 8871452 ER PT J AU Block, KP Mahvi, D Voytovich, M Watkins, JL Mosley, R Reichelderfer, M AF Block, KP Mahvi, D Voytovich, M Watkins, JL Mosley, R Reichelderfer, M TI Mucinous ductal ectasia in an octogenarian: Successful treatment with the Whipple procedure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANCREAS; CYSTADENOCARCINOMA; CYSTADENOMA; RESECTION; TUMORS; AGE AB Mucinous ductal ectasia is a recently defined neoplasm of the pancreas characterized by excessive mucin production, The natural history of this entity is unknown, and only two cases in people over the age of 80 yr have appeared in the literature, In this report, we review the literature on mucinous ductal ectasia and present the first report of an octogenarian who was successfully treated by the Whipple procedure. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI. RP Block, KP (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,GI DIV,DIV GASTROENTEROL,ROOM H6-516,CSC,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 91 IS 2 BP 388 EP 390 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA TV544 UT WOS:A1996TV54400036 PM 8607515 ER PT J AU Luzi, L Castellino, P DeFronzo, RA AF Luzi, L Castellino, P DeFronzo, RA TI Insulin and hyperaminoacidemia regulate by a different mechanism leucine turnover and oxidation in obesity SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE insulin resistance; amino acids; protein synthesis; proteolysis ID CHAIN AMINO-ACIDS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; SUBSTRATE AVAILABILITY; INDIRECT CALORIMETRY; METABOLISM; PLASMA; GLUCOSE; CARBOHYDRATE; NIDDM; FAT AB Seven normal glucose-tolerant obese subjects [ideal body weight (IBW) = 161%] and 18 controls (IBW = 102%) were studied with the euglycemic insulin damp (10 and 40 mU . m(-2). min(-1)) technique, [C-14]leucine infusion, and indirect calorimetry to examine if the insulin resistance with respect to glucose metabolism extends to amino acid/protein metabolism. In the basal state, total plasma amino acid and leucine concentrations, endogenous leucine flux (ELF), leucine oxidation (LO), and nonoxidative leucine disposal (NOLD) were similar in obese and control subjects. During both low (10 mU . m(-2). min(-1))- and higher (40 mU . m(-2). min(-1))-dose insulin clamp studies, insulin-mediated glucose uptake was reduced in obese vs. control subjects (P < 0.01). During the last hour of the higher-dose insulin clamp step, the decrease in total plasma amino acids, branched-chain amino acids, and leucine concentration was impaired in obese vs. control subjects (P < 0.01). However, suppression of ELF and NOLD was similar in both groups. During the low-dose insulin clamp, the decrease in plasma leucine concentration, LO, and ELF all were impaired (P < 0.01). A second study was performed in which the total plasma amino acid concentration was increased two- to threefold in both groups. Under these conditions of low plasma insulin/high amino acid levels, LO and NOLD increased similarly in obese and control subjects. In conclusion, insulin resistance is a common feature of both glucose and protein metabolism in obesity. The defect in protein metabolism is characterized by an impairment of the ability of insulin to inhibit proteolysis; the stimulatory effect of hyperaminoacidemia on protein synthesis is intact in obesity. C1 UNIV TEXAS, CTR HLTH SCI, DEPT MED, DIABET DIV, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. IST SCI SAN RAFFAELE, DEPT INTERNAL MED, RADIOACT & STABLE ISOTOPES LAB, I-20132 MILAN, ITALY. RI Luzi, Livio/M-2696-2016 OI Luzi, Livio/0000-0003-3183-0552 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-24092] NR 35 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 270 IS 2 BP E273 EP E281 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA TW100 UT WOS:A1996TW10000011 PM 8779949 ER PT J AU Aarsland, D Cummings, JL Yenner, G Miller, B AF Aarsland, D Cummings, JL Yenner, G Miller, B TI Relationship of aggressive behavior to other neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME; DEMENTIA; DELUSIONS; DEPRESSION; PSYCHOSIS; AGITATION; SCALE AB Objective: This study explored the relationship between aggressive behavior and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Method: Consecutively assessed outpatients with probable or possible Alzheimer's disease (N=75) were assessed with the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale. Results: Twenty-five patients (33%) had verbal outbursts and 23 patients (17%) engaged in physical aggression in the month prior to assessment. Aggressive patients and nonaggressive patients did not differ regarding age, education, gender, level of depression, or severity of dementia. In she entire group, dysphoria was found in 33%, delusional ideation in 39%, and hallucinations in 16%. Aggressive behavior was more frequent among patients with hallucinations than among those without. Scores on hallucinations and activity disturbance predicted 12% of the variance in total aggressive behavior. When data from patients taking psychotropic medication were excluded from the analysis, hallucination and delusion scores predicted 22% of the variance in the aggression score. Physical aggression was associated with activity disturbance and hallucinations, and verbal aggression was associated with delusional ideation. No other clinical correlates of aggression were identified. Conclusions: Aggressive behavior is a frequent behavioral symptom in Alzheimer's disease. About one-fourth of the variance in aggression could be attributed to psychosis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,HARBOR MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. OI Aarsland, Dag/0000-0001-6314-216X FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-10123] NR 40 TC 130 Z9 132 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 153 IS 2 BP 243 EP 247 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA TT557 UT WOS:A1996TT55700015 PM 8561206 ER PT J AU Conhaim, RL McGrath, AM Harms, BA AF Conhaim, RL McGrath, AM Harms, BA TI Does plasma protein depletion increase lung liquid conductance? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FLUID FILTRATION; AWAKE SHEEP; HYPOPROTEINEMIA; PRESSURE; BALANCE AB Lung liquid conductance (K-f) is calculated as the quotient of lung lymph flow divided by net filtration pressure (Pnf), where Pnf is the balance of osmotic and hydrostatic pressures in the lung microcirculation. In protein depletion, lymph flow rises with little change in Pnf, suggesting that calculated K-f also rises. However, several previous reports have concluded that protein depletion causes little change in K-f, leaving open the question of how lung lymph flow can rise in protein depletion with little change in Pnf. To address this, we measured K-f in sheep following two kinds of protein depletion: batch plasmapheresis (BP; n = 5) and thoracic duct drainage (TD; n = 5). Both methods lowered plasma protein concentrations by 30%, and raised lung lymph flows by 55%. Lung microvascular hydrostatic pressures and plasma-to-lymph osmotic pressure gradients both changed by 1 to 2 mm Hg. With BP, calculated K-f rose from 0.26 +/- 0.09 at baseline to 0.50 +/- 0.20 on Day 1, and to 0.39 +/- 0.27 ml/mm Hg/30 min on Day 2 (p less than or equal to 0.05). With TD, calculated K-f rose from 0.28 +/- 0.13 at baseline to 0.43 +/- 0.19 on Day 1, and to 0.43 +/- 0.19 ml/mm Hg/30 min on Day 2 (p less than or equal to 0.05). Calculated K-f rose because filtration increased even though the hydrostatic and osmotic driving forces responsible for filtration changed little. This is puzzling because it suggests that lymph flow rose with little or no change in the forces affecting filtration. Our findings contradict several previous reports that concluded that protein depletion produces little or no change in calculated K-f. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT SURG,MADISON,WI. RP Conhaim, RL (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT SURG,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 46236] NR 22 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 153 IS 2 BP 677 EP 683 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA TT884 UT WOS:A1996TT88400032 PM 8564117 ER PT J AU Perkins, SE Fox, JG Walsh, JH AF Perkins, SE Fox, JG Walsh, JH TI Helicobacter mustelae-associated hypergastrinemia in ferrets (Mustela putorius furo) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DUODENAL-ULCER PATIENTS; PYLORI SUBSP-MUSTELAE; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; GASTRIC-CARCINOMA; ACID-SECRETION; PLASMA GASTRIN; ANIMAL-MODEL; INFECTION; PH; ERADICATION AB Objective-To determine whether ferrets naturally infected with Helicobacter mustelae were hypergastrinemic, compared with ferrets that were specific-pathogen-free (SPF) for H mustelae. Design-Plasma gastrin concentrations in H mustelae infected and SPF ferrets were measured at 3 time points and compared to determine whether H mustelae was associated with hypergastrinemia. Animals-21 H mustelae-infected ferrets and 10 SPF ferrets, Procedure-The H mustelae status of the ferrets was confirmed prior to commencement of the study. Gastric endoscopy was used to obtain gastric mucosal pinch biopsy specimens that were processed for rapid-urease assay, microaerophilic culturing, and histologic evaluation. Plasma gastrin concentrations were determined at 3 time points: baseline after a 12-hour nonfeeding period, and 30 and 60 minutes after oral administration of a standardized meal. Gastrin was measured by radioimmunoassay. Results-The results for the H mustelae-infected group (mean +/- SEM pg/ml) were: baseline, 54.4 +/- 2.56; 30 minutes, 94.5 +/- 6.05; and 60 minutes, 82.6 +/- 5.73. The SPF group results were: baseline, 55.8 +/- 7.35; 30 minutes, 80.8 +/- 5.77; and 60 minutes, 59.7 +/- 4.95. There was a significant (P < 0.01) difference at the 60-minute time point between the 2 groups of animals. The H mustelae group had a 17% higher mean gastrin value al 30 minutes. Conclusions-Helicobacter mustelae is associated with hypergastrinemia in ferrets. Clinical Relevance-Helicobacter-induced hypergastrinemia may be related to the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease in ferrets. C1 MIT,DIV COMPARAT MED,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE GASTROENTEROL BIOL CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01046, RR07036]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK17294] NR 37 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 SN 0002-9645 J9 AM J VET RES JI Am. J. Vet. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 57 IS 2 BP 147 EP 150 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA TT897 UT WOS:A1996TT89700011 PM 8633798 ER PT J AU Dewsnup, DH Galgiani, JN Graybill, JR Diaz, M Rendon, A Cloud, GA Stevens, DA AF Dewsnup, DH Galgiani, JN Graybill, JR Diaz, M Rendon, A Cloud, GA Stevens, DA TI Is it ever safe to stop azole therapy for Coccidioides immitis meningitis? SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE coccidioidomycosis; meningitis, fungal; azoles; triazoles; recurrence ID ITRACONAZOLE THERAPY; FLUCONAZOLE THERAPY; KETOCONAZOLE; ANTIFUNGAL; MYCOSES AB Objective: To determine 1) whether patients with coccidioidal meningitis who had achieved remission with oral azole therapy were cured and 2) when oral atole therapy could be discontinued in these patients. Design: Data were gathered on patients with coccidioidal meningitis who had successfully responded to atole therapy in previous clinical trials. Setting: Referral centers, including university, county, and veterans' hospitals and clinics. Patients: 18 patients in whom atole therapy for meningitis had been discontinued, usually because of a presumption of cure. Main Outcome Measures: Clinical and cerebrospinal fluid relapse. Results: 14 of 18 patients (78% [95% CI, 52% to 94%]) had relapse with disseminated disease after discontinuation of therapy, for a total of 1 nonmeningeal and 15 meningeal relapses to date. Relapse occurred both soon and late (range, 0.5 to 30 months) after therapy was discontinued. The characteristics of patients who did not have relapse, including the particular atole used, the duration of therapy, the reason therapy was discontinued, and the cerebrospinal fluid indices before discontinuation, were similar to the characteristics of patients who had relapse. Relapse had serious consequences in some patients; 3 patients died. Conclusion: Our data suggest 1) that disease is only suppressed in patients with meningitis who achieve remission while receiving atole therapy and 2) that discontinuing atole therapy is unsafe. The alternative is lifelong treatment with azoles; this appears to be acceptable, because toxicity is uncommon with triazole therapy, even longterm triazole therapy. C1 SANTA CLARA VALLEY MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,SAN JOSE,CA 95128. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,DIV INFECT DIS,TUCSON,AZ 85723. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT INFECT DIS,AUDIE MURPHY VET AFFAIRS HOSP,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV ALABAMA,MED CTR,TUMOR INST,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294. CALIF INST MED RES,SAN JOSE,CA 95128. STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,STANFORD,CA 94305. NIAID,MYCOSES STUDY GRP,BETHESDA,MD. UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV AUTONOMA NUEVO LEON,MONTERREY,MEXICO. UNIV HOSP,MONTERREY,MEXICO. FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-15082] NR 23 TC 98 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 124 IS 3 BP 305 EP & PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TR596 UT WOS:A1996TR59600004 PM 8554225 ER PT J AU Serratosa, JM DelgadoEscueta, AV Medina, MT Zhang, QW Iranmanesh, R Sparkes, RS AF Serratosa, JM DelgadoEscueta, AV Medina, MT Zhang, QW Iranmanesh, R Sparkes, RS TI Clinical and genetic analysis of a large pedigree with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DINUCLEOTIDE REPEAT POLYMORPHISM; IDIOPATHIC GENERALIZED EPILEPSY; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; HLA REGION; LOCUS; CHROMOSOME-6; FAMILIES; CHILDREN; AGE AB Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is a common type of idiopathic generalized epilepsy characterized by myoclonic, generalized tonic-clonic, and in 30% of patients, absence seizures. We studied a three-generation pedigree of 33 members, 10 of whom were clinically affected with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy or presented with subclinical electroencephalographic (EEG) 3.5- to 6.0-Hz diffuse polyspike-wave or spike-wave complexes. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and the EEG trait segregated as an autosomal dominant trait with 70% penetrance. Linkage analysis using this model showed significant linkage to four microsatellite markers centromeric to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) in chromosome Gp. Maximum lod scores of 3.43 at theta(m=f) = 0.00 for D6S272, D6S466, D6S257, and D6S402 were obtained. Recombinant events in 2 affected members defined the gene region to a 43-cM interval Banked by D6S258 (HLA region) and D6S313 (centro-mere). Our results in this large family provide evidence that a gene responsible for juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and the subclinical, 3.5- to 6.0-Hz, polyspike-wave or spike-wave EEG pattern is located in chromosome 6p. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,COMPREHENS EPILEPSY PROGRAM 127B,SW REG EPILEPSY CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,SW REG EPILEPSY CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CALIF COMPREHENS EPILEPSY PROGRAM,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIV MED GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV NACL AUTONOMA HONDURAS,DIRECC INVEST CIENT,TEGUCIGALPA,HONDURAS. NR 31 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 39 IS 2 BP 187 EP 195 DI 10.1002/ana.410390208 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA TY533 UT WOS:A1996TY53300007 PM 8967750 ER PT J AU Sanders, VJ Waddell, AE Felisan, SL Li, XM Conrad, AJ Tourtellotte, WW AF Sanders, VJ Waddell, AE Felisan, SL Li, XM Conrad, AJ Tourtellotte, WW TI Herpes simplex virus in postmortem multiple sclerosis brain tissue SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INFECTION; TYPE-1; MICE; DEMYELINATION; ENCEPHALITIS; RESPONSES; ANTIGEN; SEARCH; DNA AB Background: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common neurotropic virus that is capable of long latencies. It can cause focal demyelination in animals. Objective: To test for the presence of HSV-1 and -2 in postmortem brain samples from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls using polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization. Methods: Dissected plaque tissue classified as active or inactive and unaffected white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) from 37 cases of MS were screened for HSV using polymerase chain reaction and Southern blot hybridization. White matter and GM from 22 cases of Alzheimer's disease, 17 cases of Parkinson's disease, and 22 cases without neurologic disease served as controls. Results: Forty-six percent (17/37) of the MS cases and 28% (17/61) of the control cases had samples that were positive for HSV (P=.11). Forty-one percent (9/22) of active plaques and 20% (6/30) of inactive plaques were positive for HSV. Twenty-four percent (9/37) and 14% (5/37) of MS cases and 23% (14/61) and 13% (8/61) of non-MS cases had HSV in WM and GM, respectively. No significant differences were found among all subgroups (P=.10). Conclusions: Herpes simplex virus was present in more MS cases than control cases and in more active plaques than inactive plaques. The presence of HSV in WM and GM in cases of MS as well as in control cases makes an etiologic association to the MS disease process uncertain, but cellular localization of HSV and its relationship to oligodendrocytes and latency may reveal such an association in future studies. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROL SERV 127A,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 23 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 53 IS 2 BP 125 EP 133 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA TU729 UT WOS:A1996TU72900004 PM 8639061 ER PT J AU Mironova, M Virella, G LopesVirella, MF AF Mironova, M Virella, G LopesVirella, MF TI Isolation and characterization of human antioxidized LDL autoantibodies SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autoimmunity; antioxidized LDL autoantibody isolation; arteriosclerosis; affinity constants; isotypes ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; FOAM CELL-FORMATION; HERITABLE HYPERLIPIDEMIC RABBIT; IMMUNE-COMPLEXES; OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DEGRADATION; ANTIBODIES; PROGRESSION; INVIVO AB Autoantibodies to oxidized LDL have been reported in normal subjects and in patients with arteriosclerosis, but their possible pathogenic role is not yet well defined. One important problem is the existence of contradictory data reported by different groups concerning the associations between antioxidized LDL autoantibodies and the presence or progression of arteriosclerotic lesions. Such contradictions led us to decide to isolate and characterize antioxidized LDL antibodies by affinity chromatography with the use of oxidized LDL cross-linked to Sepharose. Antioxidized LDL antibodies were isolated from selected serum samples obtained from eight subjects. Seven of them (six patients and one control subject) had high levels of antioxidized LDL antibody during screening. The other subject, a healthy volunteer, had a low level of antibody. All purified antibodies contained IgG (of subclasses 1 and 3) as the predominant isotype and were primarily specific for oxidized LDL but showed some cross-reactivity with malondialdehyde-modified LDL and native LDL. Two of the purified antibodies cross-reacted with cardiolipin. We determined average dissociation constants for the antioxidized LDL antibodies purified from five individuals, which varied between 2.4x10(-7) and 7.5x10(-7) mol/L, whereas the average dissociation constant of rabbit hyperimmune anti-LDL antibody was determined to be 2.7x10(-8) mol/L. In conclusion, we have purified human autoantibodies reactive with oxidized LDL that appear to be predominantly of moderate-to-low affinity and of variable cross-reactivity, The predominance of IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies is significant from the standpoint of potential pathogenicity, since these two subclasses activate the classic complement pathway system and have the highest binding affinities for Fc gamma receptors on phagocytic cells. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV ENDOCRINOL DIABET & MED GENET,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46815] NR 52 TC 89 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 16 IS 2 BP 222 EP 229 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TV417 UT WOS:A1996TV41700006 PM 8620336 ER PT J AU Bersohn, MM AF Bersohn, MM TI Sarcolemmal sodium-calcium exchange in myocardial ischemia. SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 70 IS 2 BP MP298 EP MP298 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA TZ682 UT WOS:A1996TZ68201181 ER PT J AU Zviman, MM Hayashi, Z Brand, JG Teeter, JH Restrepo, D AF Zviman, MM Hayashi, Z Brand, JG Teeter, JH Restrepo, D TI Rapid alternate measurement of membrane potential and intracellular calcium in cell ensembles SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV PENN,MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 70 IS 2 BP SU471 EP SU471 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA TZ682 UT WOS:A1996TZ68200656 ER PT J AU Hayashi, Y Zviman, MM Brand, JG Restrepo, D Teeter, JH AF Hayashi, Y Zviman, MM Brand, JG Restrepo, D Teeter, JH TI Optical and electrophysiological recordings of monosodium glutamate-induced responses in mouse taste cells SO CHEMICAL SENSES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 KYOTO UNIV,FOOD SCI RES INST,UJI,KYOTO 611,JAPAN. MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH DENT MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0379-864X J9 CHEM SENSES JI Chem. Senses PD FEB PY 1996 VL 21 IS 1 BP 53 EP 53 PG 2 WC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences; Physiology SC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA TW943 UT WOS:A1996TW94300063 ER PT J AU Sharkey, PK Graybill, JR Johnson, ES Hausrath, SG Pollard, RB Kolokathis, A Mildvan, D FanHavard, P Eng, RHK Patterson, TF Pottage, JC Simberkoff, MS Wolf, J Meyer, RD Gupta, R Lee, LW Gordon, DS AF Sharkey, PK Graybill, JR Johnson, ES Hausrath, SG Pollard, RB Kolokathis, A Mildvan, D FanHavard, P Eng, RHK Patterson, TF Pottage, JC Simberkoff, MS Wolf, J Meyer, RD Gupta, R Lee, LW Gordon, DS TI Amphotericin B lipid complex compared with amphotericin B in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in patients with AIDS SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; FLUCONAZOLE; TOXICITY AB The study objective was to obtain preliminary information regarding the safety and efficacy of amphotericin B (AmB) lipid complex (ABLC) in the treatment of AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. Of 55 patients randomly assigned to 6 weeks of therapy with ABLC (1.2-5.0 mg/[kg . d], with ascending doses for three sequential cohorts) or AmB (0.7-1.2 mg/[kg . d]), 46 received greater than or equal to 12 doses. Transfusion requirements, mean decreases in hemoglobin level, and mean increases in creatinine level were significantly greater with AmB than with ABLC. The total number of adverse events, infusion-related events, and occurrences of hypomagnesemia and hypokalemia associated with each form of therapy were similar, Among 21 recipients of ABLC at a dosage of 5 mg/kg (daily for 2 weeks and then thrice weekly for 4 weeks), symptoms and signs resolved for 18 (86%), Of those receiving greater than or equal to 12 doses of ABLC, cultures converted to negative for 8 (42%), were undeterminable for 3 (16%), and remained positive for 8 (42%) despite resolution of symptoms, Although preliminary, these data suggest ABLC has significant activity in patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis, Because this formulation has less hematologic and renal toxicity than does AmB, further evaluation of ABLC is warranted. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. ST MICHAELS HOSP,NEWARK,NJ. UNIV TEXAS,MED BRANCH,GALVESTON,TX 77550. BETH ISRAEL MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10003. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,E ORANGE,NJ. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,NEW HAVEN,CT. RUSH UNIV,RUSH PRESBYTERIAN ST LUKES MED CTR,CHICAGO,IL 60612. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. LIPSOME CO INC,PRINCETON,NJ. BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB PHARMACEUT RES INST,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP Sharkey, PK (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 14 TC 151 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 22 IS 2 BP 315 EP 321 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA TU876 UT WOS:A1996TU87600017 PM 8838189 ER PT J AU Fudala, PJ Yu, E Macfadden, W Kampman, K Cornish, J AF Fudala, PJ Yu, E Macfadden, W Kampman, K Cornish, J TI Evaluation of the effects of naloxone and buprenorphine in morphine-stabilized opiate addicts SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 59 IS 2 BP PII90 EP PII90 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TX001 UT WOS:A1996TX00100325 ER PT J AU Wolfe, GR Stewart, JE Maeder, LA Hartz, GW AF Wolfe, GR Stewart, JE Maeder, LA Hartz, GW TI Use of Dental Coping Beliefs Scale to measure cognitive changes following oral hygiene interventions SO COMMUNITY DENTISTRY AND ORAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dental beliefs; locus of control; oral health; self-efficacy ID MULTIDIMENSIONAL HEALTH LOCUS; SELF-EFFICACY; PERFORMANCE; BEHAVIORS; RELAPSE; PROGRAM AB This study employed a recently developed questionnaire, the Dental Coping Beliefs Scale (DCBS), to evaluate the effect of oral hygiene interventions on dental beliefs. The DCBS was administered to 100 subjects. Compared to an untreated control group, there was an increase in the ability to improve oral health through self-effort for the three experimental interventions: Attention (AI), Education (El) and Cognitive Behavioral (CBI). When the Dental Coping Beliefs Scale was divided into scales of Internal Locus of Control, External Locus of Control, Self-Efficacy, and Oral Health Beliefs, additional changes were evident. For the CBI Group, all four scales changed significantly between baseline measurement and post-intervention toward beliefs favoring control and prevention of dental disease using brushing and flossing. For the A and E groups, three scales paralleled the results of the CBI: Internal Locus of Control and Self-Efficacy increased and External Locus of Control decreased after the intervention. However, unlike the CBI, Oral Health Beliefs did not significantly change. Overall, for all experimental groups, there was a shift from external locus of control beliefs to internal beliefs. The untreated Control Group showed no changes across the five weeks. This study was supported by a VA Medical Research Service Merit Review Award. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SECT PREVENT DENT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SECT PERIODONTOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,PALO ALTO,CA. RP Wolfe, GR (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,OUTPATIENT CLIN,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,351 E TEMPLE ST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90012, USA. NR 32 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0301-5661 J9 COMMUNITY DENT ORAL JI Community Dentist. Oral Epidemiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 24 IS 1 BP 37 EP 41 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0528.1996.tb00810.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA TZ710 UT WOS:A1996TZ71000009 PM 8833513 ER PT J AU Fujimoto, K Lyman, SD Hirayama, F Ogawa, M AF Fujimoto, K Lyman, SD Hirayama, F Ogawa, M TI Isolation and characterization of primitive hematopoietic progenitors of murine fetal liver SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 Annual Meeting of the ISEH CY 1995 CL DUSSELDORF, GERMANY SP Int Soc Exptl Hematol DE fetal liver; hematopoietic stem cells; clonal cell culture; hematopoietic cytokines ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; TYROSINE KINASE RECEPTOR; STEM-CELLS; C-KIT; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; SYNERGISTIC INTERACTIONS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CULTURE; DIFFERENTIATION; GENE AB We have isolated hematopoietic progenitors from mouse fetal liver using a sequential protocol of density gradient centrifugation, panning, and cell sorting. Isolated AA4.1(+)Ly6A/E(+)CD43(++) cells with density ranging from 1.0631 to 1.0710 g/cm(3) were 480- to 600-fold enriched for multipotential progenitors relative to unfractionated cells and showed 40 to 60% colony-forming efficiency. We then examined the effects of various cytokines on the colony formation from enriched fetal liver cells. Steel factor (SF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-4, IL-6, IL-11, and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as single agents supported formation of significant numbers of colonies, but flt3/flk-2 ligand (FL) and IL-12 did not. When the cytokines were combined, FL, SF, IL-3, and IL-4 each synergized individually with IL-6, IL-11, IL-12, or G-CSF to support formation of various types of colonies. Next we analyzed the growth factor requirements for proliferation and differentiation of lymphohematopoietic progenitors by using the two-step methylcellulose culture assay we established recently. None of the early-acting factors were effective as a single agent, but combinations of SF or FL with IL-6, IL-11, or G-CSF were effective in supporting B cell potential of the primary colonies. Of these, the combination of FL plus IL-11 appeared to be the most effective. C1 IMMUNEX CORP,SEATTLE,WA. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 24 IS 2 BP 285 EP 290 PG 6 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA TX753 UT WOS:A1996TX75300028 PM 8641354 ER PT J AU Hogan, K Gregg, RG Powers, PA AF Hogan, K Gregg, RG Powers, PA TI The structure of the gene encoding the human skeletal muscle alpha(1) subunit of the dihydropyridine-sensitive L-type calcium channel (CACNL1A3) SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article AB The structure of the gene encoding the human skeletal muscle alpha(1) subunit (CACNL1A3) of the dihydropyridine-sensitive voltage-dependent calcium channel was determined by isolation of overlapping genomic DNA clones from human cosmid, phage, and P1 libraries. Genomic fragments containing exons were subcloned, and the sequences of the exons and flanking introns were defined. Knowledge of the genomic structure of the CACNL1A3 gene, which spans 90 kb and consists of 44 exons, will facilitate the search for additional mutations in CACNL1A3 that cause neuromuscular disease. (C) 1996 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,WAISMAN CTR MENTAL RETARDAT & HUMAN DEV,MADISON,WI 53705. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. NR 12 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD FEB 1 PY 1996 VL 31 IS 3 BP 392 EP 394 DI 10.1006/geno.1996.0066 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA TU592 UT WOS:A1996TU59200019 PM 8838325 ER PT J AU Granholm, E Asarnow, RF Marder, SR AF Granholm, E Asarnow, RF Marder, SR TI Display visual angle and attentional scanpaths on the span of apprehension task in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Congress on Schizophrenia CY APR 17-21, 1993 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, CO ID PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; SELECTIVITY; DISORDERS; CHILDREN; PARALLEL; SERIAL AB The effect of display visual angle on span of apprehension (SOA) task performance was investigated in patients with schizophrenia and nonpsychiatric individuals. Narrow and wide visual-angle presentations of 3- and 10-letter arrays were compared. Detection rates were significantly higher with narrow than wide visual angle for nonpsychiatric individuals; the performance of those with schizophrenia was stable across visual-angle conditions. Patients with schizophrenia were best discriminated from nonpsychiatric individuals in the narrow-angle, 10-letter condition. Scanpath analyses, which were based on the pattern of detection rates across different target quadrant locations, suggested that the patients with schizophrenia used a similar number and path of covert scan moves as did the controls. Hypotheses are discussed regarding which of the multiple cognitive processes tapped by the SOA task may be impaired in schizophrenia. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Granholm, E (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,3350 LA JOLLA VILLAGE DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92161, USA. RI Granholm, Eric/P-7680-2014 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH30911, MH14584] NR 40 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0021-843X J9 J ABNORM PSYCHOL JI J. Abnorm. Psychol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 105 IS 1 BP 17 EP 24 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA TR921 UT WOS:A1996TR92100002 PM 8666706 ER PT J AU Licht, EA Sankar, R Tanaka, D Gee, M AF Licht, EA Sankar, R Tanaka, D Gee, M TI Epilepsy and teenage pregnancies: Results of a nationwide survey SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV PEDIAT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. CHILDRENS HOSP LOS ANGELES,DEPT ADOLESCENT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90027. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD FEB PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2 BP 128 EP 128 PG 1 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA TX086 UT WOS:A1996TX08600033 ER PT J AU Sager, PT Behboodikhah, M AF Sager, PT Behboodikhah, M TI Frequency-dependent electrophysiologic effects of d,l-sotalol and quinidine and modulation by beta-adrenergic stimulation SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE autonomic nervous system; action potential; quinidine; sotalol ID ACTION-POTENTIAL DURATION; CARDIAC PURKINJE-FIBERS; RECTIFIER K+-CURRENT; III ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT; VENTRICULAR-TACHYCARDIA; CYCLE LENGTH; REFRACTORY PERIOD; OUTWARD CURRENT; PROLONGATION; HUMANS AB Introduction: Frequency-dependent electrophysiologic actions of oral quinidine and oral sotalol may be clinically important, but these properties and their modulation by beta-adrenergic sympathetic stimulation have not been determined. Methods and Results: The frequency-dependent effects of oral quinidine (n = 17) and oral d,l-sotalol (n = 17) were determined at: (1) drug-free baseline; (2) during steady-state drug dosing; and (3) during isoproterenol infusion to patients receiving quinidine or d,l-sotalol. The monophasic APD(90) and RVERP were prolonged 12% to 17% (P < 0.001) during pharmacologic therapy, and frequency-dependent effects were only observed for the RVERP during sotalol. In both drug groups, isoproterenol significantly reduced the sinus cycle length and reduced the RVERP to a greater extent at longer than at shorter paced cycle lengths. While isoproterenol fully reversed quinidine's effects on the APD(90) and RVERP, sotalol-induced APD(90) prolongation was reduced by only 2% to 4%, and the RVERP was unaffected. Isoproterenol attenuated the frequency-dependent effects of quinidine on QRS duration by a relatively fixed amount of 7% to 10%. Isoproterenol fully reversed quinidine-induced, but did not affect sotalol-induced, prolongation in the sustained VT cycle length. Conclusions: (1) Over the range of examined cycle lengths, oral quinidine and d,l-sotalol did not exert frequency-dependent effects on ventricular repolarization. (2) Isoproterenol fully reversed quinidine's effects on refractoriness, repolarization, and prolongation of VT cycle length, whereas d,l-sotalol's effects were largely preserved, despite significant reductions in sinus cycle length. (3) These results suggest that beta-blockade is important in preventing reversal of antiarrhythmic drug effects by augmented sympathetic nervous system tone. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Sager, PT (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VAMC,DIV CARDIOL 691 W111E,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 55 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU FUTURA PUBL CO PI ARMONK PA 135 BEDFORD RD, PO BOX 418, ARMONK, NY 10504-0418 SN 1045-3873 J9 J CARDIOVASC ELECTR JI J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 7 IS 2 BP 102 EP 112 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00505.x PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TV761 UT WOS:A1996TV76100002 PM 8853020 ER PT J AU VanRemmen, H Williams, MD Heydari, AR Takahashi, R Chung, HY Yu, BY Richardson, A AF VanRemmen, H Williams, MD Heydari, AR Takahashi, R Chung, HY Yu, BY Richardson, A TI Expression of genes coding for antioxidant enzymes and heat shock proteins is altered in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; MONOLAYER-CULTURE; FOOD RESTRICTION; CELLS; STRESS; LIVER; AGE; CHAPERONES; DISMUTASE; ACID AB The expression of genes for heat shock proteins in the HSP70 family and genes for antioxidant enzymes was studied in rat hepatocytes cultured in either L-15 or Williams E media an a collagen matrix for up to 48 hours. The mRNA transcripts for the heat shock proteins hsp70, hsc70, and grp78 were induced dramatically when hepatocytes were cultured in L-15, and to a lesser extent when cultured in Williams E. The increase in hsp70 and hsc70 mRNA levels in the cultured hepatocytes was correlated with an increase in the nuclear transcription of these two genes and the binding activity of the heat shock transcription factor to the heat shock element. Culturing rat hepatocytes in either L-15 or Williams E resulted in a decrease in the levels of the mRNA transcripts for catalase and glutathione peroxidase and the activities of these two enzymes. However, the expression of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase, i.e., the level of the mRNA transcript or the enzymatic activity, did not change appreciably when hepatocytes were cultured for up to 48 hours. The decline in catalase and glutathione peroxidase expression in the cultured hepatocytes was correlated with a decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio and an increase in lipid peroxidation. These data show that the expression of several genes involved in cellular protection change when hepatocytes are placed in primary cultures. Therefore, one must be careful in extrapolating from primary cultures to the liver in vivo, especially when studying processes that might be affected by heat shock proteins or antioxidant enzymes. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01548, AG01188] NR 40 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 166 IS 2 BP 453 EP 460 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA TR613 UT WOS:A1996TR61300024 PM 8592006 ER PT J AU Frye, MA Altshuler, LL Bitran, JA AF Frye, MA Altshuler, LL Bitran, JA TI Clozapine in rapid cycling bipolar disorder SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID PROPHYLAXIS C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,W LOS ANGELES VET ADM MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Frye, MA (reprint author), NIMH,BIOL PSYCHIAT BRANCH,BETHESDA,MD 20892, USA. NR 19 TC 29 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 16 IS 1 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.1097/00004714-199602000-00022 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA TU193 UT WOS:A1996TU19300022 PM 8834431 ER PT J AU Ribalet, B Mirell, CJ Johnson, DG Levin, SR AF Ribalet, B Mirell, CJ Johnson, DG Levin, SR TI Sulfonylurea binding to a low-affinity site inhibits the Na/K-ATPase and the K-ATP channel in insulin-secreting cells SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; B-CELLS; PUMP INHIBITION; ISLETS; RECEPTOR; RELEASE; GLUCOSE; GLIBENCLAMIDE; NA+,K+-ATPASE; NA,K-ATPASE AB We have used hamster insulinoma tumor (HIT) cells, an insulin-secreting tumor cell line, to investigate modulation of the Na/K-ATPase and of the ATP-sensitive K channel (K-ATP) by the sulfonylurea glyburide. Membrane proteins from cells cultured in RPMI with 11 mM glucose have at least two glyburide receptor populations, as evidenced by high and low binding affinity constants, (K-d = 0.90 and 91 nM, respectively). In these cells K-ATP channel activity was blocked by low glyburide concentrations, IC50 = 5.4 nM. At 12.5 nM glyburide the inhibition developed slowly, tau = 380 s, and caused reduction of channel activity by 75%. At higher concentrations, however, inhibition occur-red at a fast rate, tau = 42 s at 100 nM, and was almost complete. Na/K-ATPase activity measured enzymatically and electrophsiologically was also suppressed by glyburide, but higher concentrations were needed, IC50 = 20-40 nM. Inhibition occurred rapidly, tau = 30 s at 50 nM, when maximum, activity was reduced by 40%. By contrast, cells cultured in RPMI supplemented with 25 mM glucose exhibit a single receptor population binding glyburide with low affinity, K-d = 68 nM. In these cells inhibition of the Na/K-ATPase by the sulfonylurea was similar to that observed in cells cultured in 11 mM glucose, but K-ATP channel inhibition was markedly altered. Inhibition occurred only at high concentrations of glyburide and at a fast rate; maximum inhibition was observed at similar to 100 nM. Based on these data, we propose that glyburide binding to the high affinity site affects primarily K-ATP channel activity, while inter action with the low affinity site inhibits both Na/K-ATPase and K-ATP channel activities. The latter observation suggests possible functional interactions between the Na/K-ATPase and the K-ATP channel. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,DIABET RES LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Ribalet, B (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK-46616] NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0022-1295 J9 J GEN PHYSIOL JI J. Gen. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 107 IS 2 BP 231 EP 241 DI 10.1085/jgp.107.2.231 PG 11 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA TY125 UT WOS:A1996TY12500006 PM 8833343 ER PT J AU Kravitz, RL Delafield, JP Hays, RD Drazin, R Conolly, M AF Kravitz, RL Delafield, JP Hays, RD Drazin, R Conolly, M TI Bedside charting of pain levels in hospitalized patients with cancer: A randomized controlled trial SO JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE cancer pain; pain measurement; physician behavior quality of care; randomized controlled trial ID INSTRUMENT AB Despite advances in the technology of cancer pain assessment and control, cancer pain often remains undertreated even in hospital settings. To determine whether a graphical display of cancer patients' pain levels might improve their treatment, the investigators conducted a randomized controlled trial. Patients assigned to the intervention group (N = 40) had periodic pain assessments by study staff who graphically recorded their reported pain-intensity levels on bedside wall charts. Control group patients (N = 38) had periodic pain assessments by study staff but did not have this information displayed. The resulted failed to show a significant beneficial effect of the intervention on pain control, sleep, cancer-related symptoms, or analgesic dosing, but confidence intervals were broad. More research is needed to improve the quality of care for inpatients with cancer-related pain. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. DEPT SOCIAL POLICY,SANTA MONICA,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT HLTH SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA. SCI CONSULTANTS IND,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Kravitz, RL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT MED,SACRAMENTO,CA 95817, USA. RI Hays, Ronald/D-5629-2013 OI Kravitz, Richard/0000-0001-5575-529X NR 16 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0885-3924 J9 J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG JI J. Pain Symptom Manage. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 81 EP 87 DI 10.1016/0885-3924(95)00155-7 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal; Clinical Neurology SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA TY118 UT WOS:A1996TY11800003 PM 8907138 ER PT J AU Frueh, BC Smith, DW Libet, JM AF Frueh, BC Smith, DW Libet, JM TI Racial differences on psychological measures in combat veterans seeking treatment for PTSD SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Meeting of the International-Society-for-Traumatic-Stress-Studies CY OCT 24-27, 1993 CL SAN ANTONIO, TX SP Int Soc Traumat Stress Studies ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; VIETNAM VETERANS; PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES; MMPI; VALIDITY; SYMPTOMS; RELIABILITY; DIAGNOSIS; EXPOSURE; BLACK AB In this article, we examined racial differences in psychometric data on 4 commonly used self-report inventories administered to a group of 206 combat veterans evaluated at a Veterans Affairs Medical Center outpatient posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatment program. Patients completed the Beck Depression Inventory, Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD, Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2). Black veterans showed greater elevations than White veterans on the DES, and the F-K index and Scales 6 and 8 of the MMPI-2. In addition, normative data are presented for the entire sample on each measure. Results suggest that, consistent with studies using the original MMPI, these patients endorse severe levels of psychopathology across a broad range of symptoms, including depression and disturbed thinking. Implications for clinical practice and future research are addressed. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. UNIV ARKANSAS,FAYETTEVILLE,AR 72701. RP Frueh, BC (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 42 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 66 IS 1 BP 41 EP 53 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa6601_3 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA TQ293 UT WOS:A1996TQ29300003 PM 8576834 ER PT J AU Mahoney, J AF Mahoney, J TI Brief screening for depression - Reply SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. RP Mahoney, J (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 44 IS 2 BP 212 EP 213 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA TU674 UT WOS:A1996TU67400021 ER PT J AU Asch, DA Christakis, NA AF Asch, DA Christakis, NA TI Why do physicians prefer to withdraw some forms of life support over others? Intrinsic attributes of life-sustaining treatments are associated with physicians' preferences SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE critical care; decision making; life support care; ethics; euthanasia; methodology ID DECISION-MAKING; EUTHANASIA; ATTITUDES; MODELS; ILL AB Some physicians caring for critically ill patients have preferences for withdrawing some forms of life support over others, even after the decision to withdraw life support has already been made. Past research has attempted to explain these preferences by variations in clinical circumstances. The authors wondered whether differences in the forms of life support themselves might be important, and whether these differences would reveal implicit goals that physicians attempt to achieve. Four hundred fifty-six university-affiliated internists were surveyed and their rank-ordered preferences for withdrawing eight different forms of life support were assessed. The authors then sought to explain these preferences on the basis of intrinsic characteristics of the eight forms of life support determined by an expert panel of critical care physicians. In general, the physicians studied prefer to withdraw forms of life support that are scarce, expensive, invasive, artificial, unnatural, emotionally taxing, high technology, and rapidly fatal when withdrawn. They prefer not to withdraw forms of therapy that require continuous rather than intermittent administration, and forms of therapy that cause pain when withdrawn. Even when a decision has been made to withdraw life-sustaining treatment from a patient, many physicians have preferences for the manner in which this is accomplished. These preferences may reflect perceived intrinsic characteristics of different forms of life support that are consistent across physicians. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,LEONARD DAVIS INST HLTH ECON,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT SOCIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,GEN INTERNAL MED SECT,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DIV GEN INTERNAL MED,317 RALSTONPENN CTR,3615 CHESTNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Christakis, Nicholas/B-6690-2008; Christakis, Nicholas/C-3205-2009 NR 25 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD FEB PY 1996 VL 34 IS 2 BP 103 EP 111 DI 10.1097/00005650-199602000-00002 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA TU795 UT WOS:A1996TU79500002 PM 8632684 ER PT J AU Lytton, WW Destexhe, A Sejnowski, TJ AF Lytton, WW Destexhe, A Sejnowski, TJ TI Control of slow oscillations in the thalamocortical neuron: A computer model SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thalamus; inhibition; bursting; spindles; epilepsy ID LATERAL GENICULATE-NUCLEUS; THALAMIC RELAY NEURONS; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; LOW-FREQUENCY; INTRINSIC OSCILLATION; RETICULARIS THALAMI; CALCIUM CURRENTS; CAT; RAT; CELLS AB We investigated computer models of a single thalamocortical neuron to assess the interaction of intrinsic voltage-sensitive channels and cortical synaptic input in producing the range of oscillation frequencies observed in these cells in vivo. A morphologically detailed model with Hodgkin-Huxley-like ion channels demonstrated that intrinsic properties would be sufficient to readily produce 3 to 6 Hz oscillations. Hyperpolarization of the model cell reduced its oscillation frequency monotonically whether through current injection or modulation of a potassium conductance, simulating the response to a neuromodulatory input. We performed detailed analysis of highly reduced models to determine the mechanism of this frequency control. The interburst interval was controlled by two different mechanisms depending on whether or not the pacemaker current, I-H, was present. In the absence of I-H, depolarization during the interburst interval occurred at the same rate with different current injections. The voltage difference from the nadir to threshold for the low-threshold calcium current, I-H, determined the interburst interval. In contrast, with I-H present, the rate of depolarization depended on injected current. With the full model, simulated repetitive cortical synaptic input entrained oscillations up to approximately double the natural frequency. Cortical input readily produced phase resetting as well. Our findings suggest that neither ascending brainstem control altering underlying hyperpolarization, nor descending drive by repetitive cortical inputs, would alone be sufficient to produce the range of oscillation frequencies seen in thalamocortical neurons. Instead, intrinsic neuronal mechanisms would dominate for generating the delta range (0.5-4 Hz) oscillations seen during slow wave sleep, whereas synaptic interactions with cortex and the thalamic reticular nucleus would be required for faster oscillations in the frequency range of spindling (7-14 Hz). C1 SALK INST BIOL STUDIES,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT BIOL,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP Lytton, WW (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,DEPT NEUROL,1300 UNIV AVE,MSC 1720,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. NR 50 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4522 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PD FEB PY 1996 VL 70 IS 3 BP 673 EP 684 DI 10.1016/S0306-4522(96)83006-5 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA TN528 UT WOS:A1996TN52800006 PM 9045080 ER PT J AU Badr, MS Kawak, A AF Badr, MS Kawak, A TI Post-hyperventilation hypopnea in humans during NREM sleep SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE control of breathing, central apnea, sleep; hypocapnia; mammals, human; sleep, NREM, central apnea; ventilation, mechanical ID MECHANICAL VENTILATION; MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; AFTERDISCHARGE; INHIBITION AB We wished to determine if mild hypocapnia above the ''apneic threshold'' would result in apnea or hypopnea during NREM sleep. Hypocapnia was induced by nasal mechanical hyperventilation for 1 min either under normoxia (51 trials, n = 7) or hyperoxia (43 trials, n = 5). Cessation of mechanical ventilation resulted in hypopnea due to reduced VT without a change in f. Central apnea occurred mostly under hyperoxic conditions (9/43 versus 2/51 trials under normoxic conditions), and only when complete inhibition of ventilatory motor output occurred during mechanical ventilation. Significant correlation between the magnitude of hypocapnia and nadir Vover dotE was noted under both normoxic and hyperoxic conditions. However, nadir Vover dotE was variable when hypocapnia was modest (-2 mmHg); further hypocapnia (-4 mmHg) was associated with consistent reduction in nadir Vover dotE below 30% of control under normoxic conditions, and central apnea under hyperoxic conditions. We conclude that: (1) Brief hyperventilation during NREM sleep is followed by hypocapnic hypopnea due to reduced VT and not breathing frequency; (2) Hypocapnia due to brief mild hyperventilation does not cause central apnea unless peripheral chemoreceptors are also inhibited; (3) Sustained hyperventilation or more severe hypocapnia may be required for the development of hypocapnic central apnea during NREM sleep. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PREVENT MED,MADISON,WI 53705. RP Badr, MS (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,MED SERV,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-02588] NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 103 IS 2 BP 137 EP 145 PG 9 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA TY930 UT WOS:A1996TY93000004 PM 8833545 ER PT J AU Ames, D Wirshing, WC Marder, SR Hwang, SS German, CA Strough, AB AF Ames, D Wirshing, WC Marder, SR Hwang, SS German, CA Strough, AB TI Subjective response to risperidone and haloperidol: Preliminary results SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP VB1 EP VB1 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UE365 UT WOS:A1996UE36500100 ER PT J AU Ames, D Wirshing, WC Marder, SR Hwang, SS German, CA Mintz, J Goldstein, D AF Ames, D Wirshing, WC Marder, SR Hwang, SS German, CA Mintz, J Goldstein, D TI Risperidone vs haloperidol: Relative liabilities for OCD and depression SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RI Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP VB2 EP VB2 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UE365 UT WOS:A1996UE36500101 ER PT J AU Wirshing, WC Ames, D Marder, SR Marshall, BD Green, MF McGurk, S AF Wirshing, WC Ames, D Marder, SR Marshall, BD Green, MF McGurk, S TI Risperidone vs haloperidol in treatment resistant schizophrenia: Preliminary results SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP VB5 EP VB5 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UE365 UT WOS:A1996UE36500104 ER PT J AU Corleto, VD Scopinaro, F Angeletti, S Materia, A Basso, N Polettini, E Annibale, B Schillaci, O DAmbra, G Marignani, M Gualdi, G Bordi, C Passaro, EJ DelleFave, G AF Corleto, VD Scopinaro, F Angeletti, S Materia, A Basso, N Polettini, E Annibale, B Schillaci, O DAmbra, G Marignani, M Gualdi, G Bordi, C Passaro, EJ DelleFave, G TI Somatostatin receptor localization of pancreatic endocrine tumors SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME; INVIVO APPLICATION; POSITIVE TUMORS; SCINTIGRAPHY; -OCTREOTIDE; ANALOG AB Gastroenteropancreatic endocrine tumors are difficult to localize. At the same time the tumor is localized, though, there is an opportunity for cure or to remove tumor tissue. In this study we have prospectively examined the ability of In-111-octreotide scintigraphy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and computed tomography (CT) to localize tumor lesions in 24 patients with a biochemical or histologic diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor. In eight patients a surgical assessment of the imaging results was prospectively performed. Planar and abdominal single-photon emission tomography (SPET) images acquired 4 and 24 hours after 180 to 220 MBq of In-111-octreotide injection were evaluated and compared with conventional imaging techniques. SPET scintigraphy visualized more presumed tumor lesions (n = 39) than conventional imaging studies (MRT, n = 25; CT, n = 13); 23 of 24 patients had positive octreotide scintigraphy, 17 of 24 had positive MRI-scans, and 12 of 24 patients had positive CT scans. It was concluded that In-111-octreotide scintigraphy combined with conventional imaging improves the preoperative localization of presumably tumorous lesions in patients with gastroenterohepatic endocrine tumors. C1 UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,POLICLIN UMBERTO 1,MED CLIN 2,DEPT GASTROENTEROL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,POLICLIN 1,MED CLIN 2,DEPT SURG,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA,POLICLIN 1,MED CLIN 1,DEPT RADIOL,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV PARMA,DEPT HUMAN PATHOL,I-43100 PARMA,ITALY. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. OI SCHILLACI, ORAZIO/0000-0002-6176-2805; Scopinaro, Francesco/0000-0003-1924-3005 NR 18 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 20 IS 2 BP 241 EP 244 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA TV920 UT WOS:A1996TV92000020 PM 8661825 ER PT J AU Blahd, WH Brown, CV Khonsary, SA Farahi, JB Quinones, N Ribe, JY Coyle, JJ Glass, EC Mandelkern, MA AF Blahd, WH Brown, CV Khonsary, SA Farahi, JB Quinones, N Ribe, JY Coyle, JJ Glass, EC Mandelkern, MA TI PET scans of abdominal malignancy SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID COLORECTAL TUMORS; CANCER AB Positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18-2-D-deoxyglucose (FDG) currently is being integrated into clinical oncology because it provides unique functional information that can be applied to the management of cancer. In particular, it is useful for assessing tumor activity and growth, evaluating efficacy of therapy, and detecting tumor recurrence. Studies have demonstrated the value of whole-body PET-FDG imaging when staging and managing abdominal malignancy. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT RADIOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. RP Blahd, WH (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NUCL MED SERV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD FEB PY 1996 VL 20 IS 2 BP 245 EP 247 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA TV920 UT WOS:A1996TV92000021 PM 8661826 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Coy, DH Lloyd, KCK Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Coy, DH Lloyd, KCK Tache, Y TI Intracerebroventricular injection of somatostatin sst(5) receptor agonist inhibits gastric acid secretion in rats SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE somatostatin sst(2) receptor; somatostatin sst(3) receptor; somatostatin sst(5) receptor; SMS 201-995; somatostatin receptor subtype; gastric acid secretion; brain; somatostatin analog; (rat) ID CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; CONTAINING NEURONS; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SUBTYPE; SMS-201-995; AFFINITY; RELEASE; ANALOG; BRAIN AB Somatostatin and its analogs act in the brain to influence gastric acid secretion. Five different somatostatin receptor subtypes have been characterized (sst(1) to sst(5)). We studied the influence of somatostatin (0.18-0.6 nmol/rat) and selective sst,, sst, and sst, receptor ligands on basal gastric acid secretion in conscious rats equipped with chronic gastric and intracereb roventricular (i.c.v.) cannulae. Somatostatin-14 (0.36 nmol/rat), the sst(2), sst(3) and sst(5) receptor agonist, Des-AA(1,2,4,5,12,13)-[D-Tryp(8),D-Cys(14)]somatostatin (SMS 201-995) (0.18-0.36 nmol/rat) and the sst, receptor agonist, BIM-23052, (0.8-1.2 nmol/rat) injected i.c.v. inhibited gastric acid secretion. Maximal inhibition reaching 42%, 60% and 42% was induced by somatostatin-14 (0.36 nmol/rat), SMS 201-995 (0.18 nmol/rat) and BIM-23052 (0.8 nmol/rat) respectively. The sst(2) receptor agonist, DC 32-87 (0.2-0.8 nmol/rat) and sst, receptor agonist, BIM-23056 (0.2-1.2 nmol/rat), did not modify gastric acid secretion, except the sst(3) receptor agonist at 0.4 nmol/rat which increased acid output at 20 min post-injection. The sst(2) receptor agonists (0.4 nmol/rat) co-injected i.c.v with a subthreshold dose of sst(5) (0.4 nmol/rat) inhibited gastric acid secretion. These results show that i.c.v. injection of somatostatin-14 inhibits basal gastric acid secretion in conscious rats through an action on sst(5) receptor subtype which can be potentiated by sst(2) receptor subtype. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. TULANE UNIV,DEPT MED,PEPTIDE RES LABS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. RP Martinez, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEP MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK-30110]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD JAN 25 PY 1996 VL 296 IS 2 BP 153 EP 160 DI 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00690-7 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TU210 UT WOS:A1996TU21000005 PM 8838451 ER PT J AU Meyer, JS Shirai, T Mortel, KF Muramatsu, K Akiyama, H AF Meyer, JS Shirai, T Mortel, KF Muramatsu, K Akiyama, H TI Testing Xe/CT CBF cerebrovascular reserve for identifying migraine and differentiating Alzheimer's from vascular dementia SO ACTA NEUROLOGICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Xenon/CT CBF CY JUN 25-28, 1995 CL COPENHAGEN, DENMARK C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT NEUROL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Meyer, JS (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CEREBROVASC RES LABS,HOUSTON,TX, USA. OI Akiyama, Hisanao/0000-0003-4491-6064 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0001-6314 J9 ACTA NEUROL SCAND JI Acta Neurol. Scand. PY 1996 VL 93 SU 166 BP 148 EP 149 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UP136 UT WOS:A1996UP13600056 ER PT J AU Schneider, N Nilsson, F Franzon, M Olmstead, R Mody, FV Doan, K AF Schneider, N Nilsson, F Franzon, M Olmstead, R Mody, FV Doan, K TI Nicotine inhaler in smoking cessation: A pilot SO ADDICTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD JAN PY 1996 VL 91 IS 1 BP 143 EP 143 PG 1 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA TQ693 UT WOS:A1996TQ69300042 ER PT S AU OBrien, CP AF OBrien, CP BE Holtz, A TI Is there an abuse potential for caffeine-containing analgesic combinations? SO ADVANCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE PAIN SE ROYAL SOCIETY OF MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS AND SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Advances in the Management of Acute Pain CY MAR, 1996 CL MONTERREY, MEXICO SP Procter & Gamble Co C1 UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND W1M 8AE SN 0142-2367 BN 1-85315-292-7 J9 ROY SOC MED INT CONG PY 1996 IS 218 BP 119 EP 127 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA BG55W UT WOS:A1996BG55W00009 ER PT J AU Woody, G AF Woody, G TI The challenge of dual diagnosis SO ALCOHOL HEALTH & RESEARCH WORLD LA English DT Article DE dual diagnosis; AOD dependence; comorbidity; behavioral and mental disorder; diagnostic criteria; prevalence; etiology; diagnosis; health care delivery; treatment program; treatment outcome ID CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; ALCOHOLISM; DEPRESSION; COMORBIDITY; DISTINCTION; ANXIETY; ILLNESS AB Researchers have made great strides in understanding and treating alcoholics with co-occurring psychiatric disorders, improved diagnostic criteria are available, and research has demonstrated that both disorders must be addressed if the dually diagnosed patient is to have the best chance for a good outcome, The best type of treatment program is an integrated approach, assuring that treatments will be coordinated for best effect Additional research is needed to match optimum treatment approaches with cost-effective reimbursement practices. C1 PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SUBST ABUSE TREATMENT UNIT,PHILADELPHIA,PA. RP Woody, G (reprint author), UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 32 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL INST ALCOHOL ABUSE ALCOHOLISM PI ROCKVILLE PA 6000 EXECUTIVE BLVD, ROCKVILLE, MD 20892-7003 SN 0090-838X J9 ALCOHOL HEALTH RES W JI Alcohol Health Res. World PY 1996 VL 20 IS 2 BP 76 EP 80 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA XW451 UT WOS:A1996XW45100001 ER PT J AU Milby, JB Sims, MK Khuder, S Schumacher, JE Huggins, N McLellan, AT Woody, G Haas, N AF Milby, JB Sims, MK Khuder, S Schumacher, JE Huggins, N McLellan, AT Woody, G Haas, N TI Psychiatric comorbidity: Prevalence in methadone maintenance treatment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE LA English DT Article ID OPIATE ADDICTS; NARCOTIC ADDICTS; DIAGNOSIS; DEPRESSION; DISORDERS; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AB This study examines prevalence rates for DSM-III-R anxiety and affective disorders in three follow-up samples of opioid addicts who were treated with methadone maintenance. At least one anxiety disorder was diagnosed in 55% of the total sample. Affective disorders were found in 58%. At least one anxiety disorder coexisted with at least one affective disorder in 36% of the sample. The research demonstrates that opiate addiction in this sample is most often associated with other comorbid psychopathology. it suggests a need for thorough assessment for general psychopathology in opioid addicts entering addiction treatment, especially assessment for anxiety and affective disorders. It also suggests the need for treatment that focuses on diagnosed mental disorders in addition to drug counseling for the substance abuse disorder. C1 UNIV ALABAMA,BIRMINGHAM,AL. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SEPULVEDA,CA 91343. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Milby, JB (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35233, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [1 R01 DA 05502-01A1] NR 19 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0095-2990 J9 AM J DRUG ALCOHOL AB JI Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse PY 1996 VL 22 IS 1 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.3109/00952999609001647 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA TX781 UT WOS:A1996TX78100006 PM 8651147 ER PT J AU Carter, TB Garris, AG Ullian, ME AF Carter, TB Garris, AG Ullian, ME TI Rusty peritoneal dialysis fluid after intravenous administration of iron dextran SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE iron dextran; rifampicin; peritoneal dialysis; peritonitis ID DEFEROXAMINE AB Rusty-colored peritoneal dialysate fluid was observed after intravenous administration of iron dextran to a patient with peritonitis being treated with vancomycin and rifampicin. The discoloration gradually cleared over a 24-hour period. Analysis of the fluid demonstrated that the discoloration could not be explained by the presence of erythrocytes or free hemoglobin, Iron (52 mu g/dL) was detected in the fluid and decreased to undetectable levels as the discoloration cleared, Addition of iron dextran to an unused bag of peritoneal dialysis fluid to achieve an iron concentration of 52 mu g/dL resulted in no discoloration, Addition of rifampicin at a clinically relevant serum concentration (10 mu g/mL) to a different unused bag caused a light orange discoloration, Addition of iron dextran and rifampicin simultaneously in the concentrations mentioned to an unused bag caused a rusty discoloration almost as dark as that observed in our patient, We postulate, therefore, that a combination of iron and rifampicin caused the marked discoloration of our patient's peritoneal effluent. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV NEPHROL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET ADM MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(96)90044-X PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA TN799 UT WOS:A1996TN79900020 PM 8546131 ER PT J AU BeDell, KK Scremin, AME Perell, KL Kunkel, CF AF BeDell, KK Scremin, AME Perell, KL Kunkel, CF TI Effects of functional electrical stimulation-induced lower extremity cycling on bone density of spinal cord-injured patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE osteoporosis; spinal cord-injured; functional electrical stimulation; exercise ID DUAL-PHOTON ABSORPTIOMETRY; MINERAL DENSITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; WEIGHT; AGE; IMMOBILIZATION; HYPERCALCIURIA; MASS; HIP AB Spinal cord-injured (SCI) patients are at increased risk for fractures secondary to neurogenic osteoporosis. Earlier research claimed physical conditioning resulted in a decreased incidence or reversal of neurogenic osteoporosis. This study evaluated the effects of functional electrical stimulation-induced lower extremity cycling (FESILEC) on the bone densities of SCI patients using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). The study consisted of 12 healthy male SCI patients, aged 23 to 46 (x +/- SD, 34 +/- 6) yr. The patients were post-traumatic, complete, spastic SCI; time postinjury ranged from 2 to 19 (9.7 +/- 5.1) yr. Patients participated in a three-phase training program. Phase 1 consisted of quadriceps strengthening. Phase 2 consisted of progressive sequential stimulation of quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteal muscles, achieving a rhythmical pedaling motion on the REGYS I ergometer. Phase 3a consisted of 30-min FESILEC sessions. DEXAs were done at baseline and at completion of Phase 3a and Phase 3b. Bone densities were done of the lumbar spine levels 2-4 (L2-4), bilateral trochanters (T), Ward's triangles (WT), and femoral necks (FN). Baseline bone density indicated no difference between L2-4 of ambulatory males and SCI males. Baseline values obtained for T, WT, and FN were, respectively, 71, 82, and 79% of ambulatory values, Results after completion of the Phase 3a training program indicated no statistically significant difference compared with baseline values. There was, however, a positive trend in the lumbar spine post-Phase 3a (L2-4, P = 0.056). Eight patients continued the exercise program, using a combination of upper and lower extremity cycling (Phase 3b) for a longer period of time (25 +/- 9 wk). DEXAs done after Phase 3b indicated no change relative to baseline data or data post-Phase 3a. In conclusion, although FESILEC did not significantly increase bone density in the hip parameters of chronic SCI patients, a positive trend was observed in the lumbar spine. Further research with acute intervention, such as FESILEC during the first few months post-SCI, is warranted to further evaluate a treatment regimen to prevent or reduce neurogenic osteopenia. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MED,DIV PHYS MED & REHABIL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYSIOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL SERV,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT ORTHOPED,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NR 33 TC 70 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JAN-FEB PY 1996 VL 75 IS 1 BP 29 EP 34 DI 10.1097/00002060-199601000-00008 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA TY971 UT WOS:A1996TY97100007 PM 8645435 ER PT J AU Eakes, AT Hymer, TK Rosenthal, MJ Moss, J Katz, MS AF Eakes, AT Hymer, TK Rosenthal, MJ Moss, J Katz, MS TI Alterations of adenylyl cyclase-linked G proteins in rat liver during aging SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE beta-adrenergic receptor; cholera toxin; pertussis toxin; adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosylation factor ID BETA-ADRENERGIC-RECEPTOR; ADP-RIBOSYLATION; HEPATOCYTES; BINDING; GTP; IDENTIFICATION; GLYCOGENOLYSIS; SUBUNITS; ENZYME AB beta-Adrenergic stimulation of adenylyl cyclase in rat liver increases during aging. We examined whether this increase is related to alterations in the stimulatory and inhibitory G proteins (G(s) and G(i)) linked to adenylyl cyclase. Levels of immunoreactive alpha- and beta-subunits of G(s) and G(i) in liver plasma membranes from 6-, 12-, 18-, and 24-mo-old rats were unchanged with age, as was pertussis toxin-catalyzed [P-32]ADP ribosylation of G(i) alpha. Cholera toxin-catalyzed [P-32]ADP ribosylation of G(s) alpha and G(s) bioactivity, assessed as reconstitution of adenylyl cyclase activity in S49 cyc(-) cell membranes, increased two- to threefold between 6 and 12-18 mo, and declined by 24 mo. Recombinant ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) enhanced cholera toxin labeling of G(s) alpha at all ages, yet abolished the increase in toxin labeling at 12-18 mo. Auto-ADP ribosylation of the cholera toxin A(1) peptide also increased transiently with age. Alteration of G(s) alpha, as reflected by increased cholera toxin labeling and G(s) bioactivity, may be involved in the regulation of beta-adrenergic-responsive adenylyl cyclase in rat liver during aging. Moreover, changes in endogenous ARF levels could contribute to age differences in cholera toxin labeling of G(s) alpha. C1 UNIV TEXAS, GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR 182, AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET HOSP,DEPT MED, HLTH SCI CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, SAN FERNANDO VALLEY PROGRAM, SEPULVEDA, CA 91343 USA. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, SEPULVEDA, CA 91343 USA. NHLBI, NIH, PULM CRIT CARE MED BRANCH, BETHESDA, MD 20892 USA. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1849 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-ENDOC M JI Am. J. Physiol.-Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 270 IS 1 BP E126 EP E132 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA TT393 UT WOS:A1996TT39300019 PM 8772484 ER PT J AU Lloyd, KCK Grandt, D Aurang, K Eysselein, VE Schimiczek, M Reeve, JR AF Lloyd, KCK Grandt, D Aurang, K Eysselein, VE Schimiczek, M Reeve, JR TI Inhibitory effect of PYY on vagally stimulated acid secretion is mediated predominantly by Y-1 receptors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE peptide tyrosine tyrosine; gastric acid secretion; insulin-induced hypoglycemia; cephalic phase ID PEPTIDE-YY PYY; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; SOMATOSTATIN RELEASE; RAT-BRAIN; RABBIT; SOLUBILIZATION; HORMONE; DOG AB Two molecular forms of peptide YY (PW), PYY-(1-36) and PYY-(3-36), are abundant in rabbit intestine and blood. We have previously shown that PYY-(1-36) (PW I) activates equipotently Y-1 and Y-2 receptors and PYY-(3-36) (PYY II) is a highly selective agonist for Y-2 receptors. In the present study, we examined the effect of exogenous infusion of PYY on vagally stimulated gastric acid secretion in awake rabbits with chronic gastric fistula. To determine the specific PW receptor(s) that mediates this effect, we used a highly selective Y-1 agonist, Pro(34)-PYY, a synthetic PYY, and a Y-2-selective agonist, PYY II. Vagal stimulation of acid secretion was elicited by an intravenous bolus injection of insulin (0.125 U/kg) 30 min after beginning a 180-min intravenous infusion of either PW I, PYY II, or [Pro(34)]-PYY after a 50 mu g/kg iv bolus of atropine followed immediately by a 500 mu g/kg sc injection. During infusion of 200 pmol . kg(-1). h(-1) PW I, acid output was significantly inhibited to 45 +/- 13% of maximum acid output 60 min after injection of insulin. Similarly, acid output during infusion of 200 pmol . kg(-1). h(-1) [Pro(34)]-PYY was significantly inhibited to 52 +/- 12% of maximum. In contrast, acid output during infusion of 200 pmol . kg(-1). h(-1) of PW II was not significantly inhibited (101 +/- 18% of maximum). Infusion of double the dose (400 pmol . kg(-1). h(-1)) of PYY II resulted in acid inhibition (51 +/- 15% of maximum), whereas infusion of the same dose did not significantly enhance acid inhibition by infusion of either PW I or [Pro(34)]-PYY (28 +/- 11 and 42 +/- 15% of maximum). These results indicate that PYY, acting predominantly at Y-1 receptors, is a potent inhibitor of vagally stimulated acid secretion in adult rabbits. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT VET AFFAIRS, RES & MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED,DEPT MED,CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, DIGEST DIS CORE CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV KLINIKUM ESSEN, ZENTRUM INNERE MED, D-45122 ESSEN, GERMANY. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301] NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 270 IS 1 BP G123 EP G127 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA TT394 UT WOS:A1996TT39400016 PM 8772509 ER PT J AU Nishizaki, Y Guth, PH Sternini, C Kaunitz, JD AF Nishizaki, Y Guth, PH Sternini, C Kaunitz, JD TI Impairment of the gastric hyperemic response to luminal acid in cirrhotic rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE carbon tetrachloride; stomach; mucosal blood flow; pentagastrin; calcitonin gene-related peptide; afferent nerves; ethanol ID MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW; PORTAL HYPERTENSIVE RATS; INTRACELLULAR PH; REFLECTANCE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY; CONGESTIVE GASTROPATHY; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; SECRETION; NEURONS; CELL; IMMUNOREACTIVITY AB Liver cirrhosis impairs gastric mucosal resistance to luminal acid in humans and in animal models. Because we have previously shown that pentagastrin enhances defensive as well as aggressive factors implicated in mucosal injury, we examined the hypothesis that the pentagastrin-mediated enhancement of mucosal defense mechanisms may be impaired in cirrhotic rats. Increased acid backdiffusion and susceptibility to gross mucosal injury, associated with an elimination of the hyperemic response to gastric barrier disruption, was observed in cirrhotic rats. In in vivo microscopic studies in anesthetized rats, cirrhosis had no effect on pentagastrin-associated enhancement of mucus gel thickness or baseline gastric mucosal blood flow although baseline mucus gel thickness was decreased. Cirrhosis did, however, abolish the luminal acid-related hyperemic response to pentagastrin, which was associated with impaired intracellular pH homeostasis:during acid superfusion. Cirrhosis did not alter submucosal calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactive nerves. We conclude that acid backdiffusion and pentagastrin-associated hyperemic responses are important mucosal defensive factors that are specifically impaired by cirrhosis. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, GASTROENTER BIOL CTR, CTR ULCER RES & EDUC, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT ANAT, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 270 IS 1 BP G71 EP G78 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA TT394 UT WOS:A1996TT39400010 PM 8772503 ER PT J AU Paul, RV Saxenhofer, H Wackym, PS Halushka, PV AF Paul, RV Saxenhofer, H Wackym, PS Halushka, PV TI Stimulation of rat mesangial cell thromboxane A(2) receptors inhibits particulate but not soluble guanylyl cyclase SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate; radioligand; natriuretic peptides; nitroprusside ID ATRIAL NATRIURETIC FACTOR; VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; MURINE LUPUS NEPHRITIS; CGMP ACCUMULATION; PLATELET; ACTIVATION; INJURY AB Thromboxane A(2) (TxA(2)) participates in the pathogenesis of clinical and experimental glomerular disease. We performed radioligand binding and functional studies of TxA(2) receptors in rat mesangial cells. Competitive inhibition of specific binding of the TxA(2) analogue [I-125]BOP by unlabeled antagonists in intact cells or membranes was observed, with a rank order potency of SQ-29548 (half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 3.4 nM > L-657925 (21 nM)> GR-32191 (200 nM) > L-657926 (1,300 nM). The potency of agonists was I-BOP (0.43 nM) > ONO-11113 (6.7 nM) > U-46619 (80 nM). U-46619 and unlabeled I-BOP inhibited the rate of net guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate accumulation in cells exposed to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) but not the nitric oxide donor nitroprusside. Membranes from cells exposed to I-BOP for 10 min exhibited a 38% decrease in ANP-responsive guanylyl cyclase activity. U-46619 blocked the inhibitory effect of ANP on serum-stimulated [H-3]thymidine incorporation but not that of nitroprusside. In summary, we describe a novel effect mediated by a mesangial cell TxA(2) receptor, i.e., inhibition of ANP signaling. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT MED, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT CELLULAR & MOLEC PHARMACOL, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT EXPTL THERAPEUT, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RP Paul, RV (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DIV NEPHROL, RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, 171 ASHLEY AVE, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-36838] NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6127 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Fluid Electrolyte Physiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 270 IS 1 BP F31 EP F38 PG 8 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA TT558 UT WOS:A1996TT55800004 PM 8769820 ER PT J AU Sazon, DAD Santiago, SM Hoo, GWS Khonsary, A Brown, C Mandelkern, M Blahd, W Williams, AJ AF Sazon, DAD Santiago, SM Hoo, GWS Khonsary, A Brown, C Mandelkern, M Blahd, W Williams, AJ TI Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography in the detection and staging of lung cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SOLITARY PULMONARY NODULES; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; GLUCOSE-UTILIZATION; TUMOR; F-18; PET AB Glycolysis is increased in tumor tissues. [F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDC) is a glucose analogue radiopharmaceutical used in positron emission tomography (PET) to trace glucose metabolism. We investigated the sensitivity and specificity of FDC-PET imaging in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer. One hundred and seven patients who had abnormal chest roentgenograms underwent whole-body PET imaging using FDC. PET scan results were classified as positive or negative based on the presence or absence of increased FDC uptake in the lung and/or in the mediastinum. All 82 patients with lung cancer had increased FDG uptake in the lungs, whereas only 12 of 25 patients with nonmalignant diseases had increased FDC uptake. Sixteen lung cancer patients with mediastinal metastases had increased FDC uptake in the mediastinum, of whom three had no lymphadenopathy on computed tomography of the chest. Sixteen lung cancer patients without mediastinal nodal involvement had no FDG uptake in the mediastinum. Seven of these patients had lymphadenopathy on computed tomography. FDG-PET imaging is 100% accurate in predicting mediastinal involvement in patients with lung cancer. It is 100% sensitive and 52% specific in predicting the malignant nature of a chest radiographic abnormality. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PULM & CRIT CARE SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,POSITRON EMMISS TOMOG SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 19 TC 148 Z9 152 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 153 IS 1 BP 417 EP 421 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA TP461 UT WOS:A1996TP46100061 PM 8542152 ER PT J AU Moldovan, S Livingston, E Zhang, RS Kleinman, R Guth, P Brunicardi, FC AF Moldovan, S Livingston, E Zhang, RS Kleinman, R Guth, P Brunicardi, FC TI Glucose-induced islet hyperemia is mediated by nitric oxide SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Surgery-of-the-Alimentary-Track CY MAY 14-17, 1995 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP Soc Surg Alimentary Tract ID BLOOD-FLOW; SECRETION; RAT; PANCREAS; CELLS AB PURPOSE: TO determine whether hyperglycemia affects pancreatic islet microcirculation in vivo and whether nitric oxide is a mediator. METHODS: Islet blood flow was measured before and after infusion of glucose during in vivo microscopy of mouse pancreatic islet. The pancreas of male BALB/c mice was exteriorized and viewed under the microscope utilizing monochromatic transmitted light. The carotid artery and tail vein were cannulated and systemic blood pressure was monitored continuously. Under fluorescent light, a 0.02 mt bolus of 2% fluorescein isothyocyanate (FITC-albumin) was injected intra-arterially and the first pulse of FITC-albumin through an islet capillary was videorecorded. Following equilibration, either glucose or normal saline 300 mg/g of body weight was given intravenously. Five minutes later, a second bolus was given and the second pulse was videorecorded. The study was repeated in the presence of N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). The FITC-albumin bolus mean transit time (TT) and observed cross time (OCT) through the islet were calculated using slow-motion video analysis of the recorded images. RESULTS: Infusion of glucose resulted in a significant increase in islet blood flow with no change in systemic blood pressure: baseline TT was 20 +/- 1.3 pixel/0.03 sec and baseline OCT was 0.6 +/- 0.04 seconds; during hyperglycemia, TT was 16.1 +/- 1 pixel/0.03 sec, and OCT was 0.48 +/- 0.03 seconds (n = 11, P <0.05 versus basal via paired t-test). Continuous infusion of L-NAME negated the effect of hyperglycemia on islet blood flow: baseline TT was 20 +/- 1.8 pixel/0.03 sec and OCT was and 0.6 +/- 0.05 seconds; during hyperglycemia, TT was 20 +/- 1.1 pixel/0.03 sec and OCT was 0.6 +/- 0.33 seconds (n = 10; P <0.05 versus glucose via unpaired t-test). CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that hyperglycemia results in increased islet capillary flow and nitric oxide is a regulator of islet blood flow during in vivo microscopy of the mouse islet. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1R29DK 46441-01] NR 21 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 171 IS 1 BP 16 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)80066-X PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA TM835 UT WOS:A1996TM83500003 PM 8554133 ER PT B AU Orwoll, ES AF Orwoll, ES BE Oddens, BJ Vermeulen, A TI Epidemiology and diagnosis of osteoporosis in men SO ANDROGENS AND THE AGING MALE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Androgens and the Aging Male CY DEC, 1995 CL GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SP Int Hlth Fdn RP Orwoll, ES (reprint author), PORTLAND VA MED CTR,BONE & MINERAL RES UNIT,POB 1034,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PARTHENON PUBLISHING GROUP LTD PI LANCASTER PA CASTERTON HALL, CARNFORTH, LANCASTER, ENGLAND LA6 2LA BN 1-85070-763-4 PY 1996 BP 15 EP 37 PG 3 WC Andrology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA BG96V UT WOS:A1996BG96V00002 ER PT J AU Netscher, DT Carlyle, T Thornby, J Bowen, D Harris, S Clamon, J AF Netscher, DT Carlyle, T Thornby, J Bowen, D Harris, S Clamon, J TI Hemostasis at skin graft donor sites: Evaluation of topical agents SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB Blood loss from split-thickness skin graft donor sites may be significant, various topical agents have been used to decrease this blood loss, including thrombin and epinephrine solutions of varying concentrations, We describe a K-Y jelly/epinephrine mixture that serves both as a lubricant for the dermatome and as a hemostatic agent, This mixture, in comparison with other topical agents, produces rapid hemostasis and offers the advantages of easy use, ready availability, and low cost, The blood loss savings based on this hemostatic technique is quantifiable and significant. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV PLAST SURG,HOUSTON,TX 77030. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PLAST SURG SECT,HOUSTON,TX. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 36 IS 1 BP 7 EP 10 DI 10.1097/00000637-199601000-00002 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA TQ993 UT WOS:A1996TQ99300002 PM 8722976 ER PT J AU Cornish, JW OBrien, CP AF Cornish, JW OBrien, CP TI Crack cocaine abuse: An epidemic with many public health consequences SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE substance abuse/dependence; toxicity; epidemiology; HIV; pregnancy ID METHADONE-MAINTAINED PATIENTS; PREGNANCY; COCAETHYLENE; DESIPRAMINE; DEPENDENCE; PREVALENCE; ABSTINENCE; CONCURRENT; MECHANISMS; BEHAVIORS AB In the mid-1980s a new, smokable form of cocaine, called crack, was introduced in the United States. Soon thereafter, it became apparent that crack cocaine abuse was a serious and important public health concern. Over the past several years, crack cocaine use has increasingly been associated with a myriad of immediate and long-term adverse effects. During this same period, crack cocaine use has progressively moved away from experimentation and recreational use to chronic and compulsive drug use. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. RP Cornish, JW (reprint author), UNIV PENN, DEPT PSYCHIAT, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 54 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 7 U2 13 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0163-7525 J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH JI Annu. Rev. Public Health PY 1996 VL 17 BP 259 EP 273 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA UK766 UT WOS:A1996UK76600016 PM 8724227 ER PT J AU Richman, H Frueh, BC AF Richman, H Frueh, BC TI Personality disorder symptomatology among Vietnam veterans with combat-related PTSD SO ANXIETY LA English DT Article DE PTSD; Vietnam veterans; personality; SCID-II self-report; anxiety disorders; major depression ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; AGORAPHOBIC OUTPATIENTS; ANXIETY DISORDER; QUESTIONNAIRE; DEPRESSION; SAMPLE; MCMI; PREVALENCE; VALIDITY; ILLNESS AB This research examined self-report personality profiles of 42 Vietnam veterans with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) evaluated at an outpatient Veteran's Administration hospital PTSD clinic. Assessment was via the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed., rev; DSM-III-R) Personality Disorders-II (SCID-II) self-report. Self-reported personality disorder symptomatology of PTSD patients was contrasted with that of 51 outpatients with a primary diagnosis of an anxiety disorder other than PTSD and with 16 patients with a primary diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Symptomatology from each of the 11 DSM-III-R categories and from the three personality disorder ''clusters'' was calculated in terms of percentage of possible traits endorsed, thus creating personality ''profiles'' for the three groups. PTSD veterans endorsed more traits overall than did both the mixed anxiety and MDD groups, particularly on the Cluster A, avoidant, and borderline scales. Results suggest a PTSD-related personality profile characterized by emotional lability/poor anger control, paranoia/suspiciousness, identity disturbance/confusion, social withdrawal/avoidance, and feelings of emptiness and boredom. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 6 U2 10 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1070-9797 J9 ANXIETY JI Anxiety PY 1996 VL 2 IS 6 BP 286 EP 295 PG 10 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA WA038 UT WOS:A1996WA03800005 PM 9160636 ER PT J AU Sibonga, JD Evans, GL Hauck, ER Bell, NH Turner, RT AF Sibonga, JD Evans, GL Hauck, ER Bell, NH Turner, RT TI Ovarian status influences the skeletal effects of tamoxifen in adult rats SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE antiestrogen; Tamoxifen; histomorphometry; ovary-intact rat; bone structure ID TERM ADJUVANT TAMOXIFEN; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; BREAST-CANCER; OVARIECTOMIZED RATS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; GROWING-RATS; FEMALE RATS; ESTROGEN; THERAPY; HISTOMORPHOMETRY AB Tamoxifen (TAM), an antiestrogen used in adjuvant therapy for breast cancer, is currently being evaluated for prevention of breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal disease-free women. In light of this clinical application in young women, the skeleton's potential predisposition for osteoporosis following long-term treatment with an antiestrogen is a concern. In postmenopausal women being treated for breast cancer TAM was shown to prevent bone loss. There is little information, however, about the skeletal effects of TAM in premenopausal women. Previous animal studies in ovariectomized (OVX'd) rats have consistently reported TAM to prevent cancellous and cortical bone loss. The effects of TAM on ovary-intact animals, however, are not well established. We have performed a histomorphometric analysis in order to evaluate the influence of ovarian function on the skeletal effects of long-term TAM treatment in the laboratory animal model. Six-month-old rats were implanted subcutaneously with pellets designed for the controlled release of TAM at a dose (5 mg/3 wks) previously shown to be effective at antagonizing short-term bone loss in OVX'd growing rats. TAM acted as an estrogen agonist on cortical bone measurements in tibia of ovary-intact as well as OVX'd rats. In cancellous bone of OVX'd rats, TAM reduced indices of bone formation and resorption and reduced the bone loss from over 90 percent to less than 50 percent. In ovary-intact rats, however, TAM produced a 31 percent loss of cancellous bone, a deficit associated with a 26 percent reduction in the trabecular number. These results clearly demonstrate an interaction between TAM and ovarian status whereby TAM partially prevents estrogen-deficient bone loss in OVX'd animals but antagonizes selective actions of estrogen on the skeleton of ovary-intact animals. C1 MAYO CLIN,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOL BIOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RES SERV,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MAYO CLIN,DEPT ORTHOPED RES,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 41418] NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PY 1996 VL 41 IS 1 BP 71 EP 79 DI 10.1007/BF01807038 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA VR620 UT WOS:A1996VR62000008 PM 8932878 ER PT J AU Weinstock, R Leong, GB Silva, JA AF Weinstock, R Leong, GB Silva, JA TI California's diminished capacity defense: Evolution and transformation SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PSYCHIATRY AND THE LAW LA English DT Article ID LIMITS; CRAZY AB Diminished capacity survives in California as a severely attenuated mens rea defense known as diminished actuality, Some other states have similar limited strict mens rea defenses, The lost advantages of California's former expanded concept of diminished capacity are reviewed, As opposed to the all-or-none insanity defense, mens rea defenses permit the trier of fact to find gradations of guilt but are generally inapplicable unless the elements of a crime are redefined to permit consideration of motivational aspects, as California had done, The change from diminished capacity to a diminished actuality defense was a return to the complex, somewhat artificial legal concept of intent and a resurrection of confusing and antiquated common law definitions, The change was made in response to an unpopular jury verdict and a political climate in which little interest existed or still exists for understanding the reasons behind the commission of any crime, Some of the later restrictions imposed by the California Supreme Court on allowing voluntary intoxication to reduce murder to voluntary manslaughter logically should not apply to mental illness, Knowledge of the complex mens rea issues and the various relevant current defenses is essential for any forensic psychiatrist evaluating defendants in jurisdictions in which such defenses are admissible. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. HARRY S TRUMAN MEM VET HOSP,COLUMBIA,MO 65201. S TEXAS VET HLTH CARE SYST,SAN ANTONIO,TX. RP Weinstock, R (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116AC,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PSYCHIATRY LAW PI BLOOMFIELD PA ONE REGENCY DR, PO BOX 30, BLOOMFIELD, CT 06002 SN 0091-634X J9 B AM ACAD PSYCH LAW JI Bull. Amer. Acad. Psychiat. Law PY 1996 VL 24 IS 3 BP 347 EP 366 PG 20 WC Law; Psychiatry SC Government & Law; Psychiatry GA VK941 UT WOS:A1996VK94100005 PM 8889134 ER PT J AU Eth, S Leong, GB Garrick, TR AF Eth, S Leong, GB Garrick, TR TI Tales of the crypt for psychiatrists: Mourning, melancholia, and mortuary malpractice SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PSYCHIATRY AND THE LAW LA English DT Article ID BEREAVEMENT AB Death awaits all, leaving in its wake relatives and friends affected by the loss of a loved one. Immediately following death, the funeral process begins, resulting in permanent burial in a cemetery. This report investigates the dysfunctional interactions between grief-stricken relatives and mortuaries that are associated with civil litigation for negligence. Psychiatric evaluations of 25 bereaved plaintiffs from nine separate lawsuits were performed. In addition, medical records and legal pleadings were reviewed as sources of additional information. General themes from the clinical material are identified and illustrated by two cases. Surviving relatives are in an acute state of emotional turmoil, rendering them exquisitely sensitive to lapses in expected routine and perceived disrespect toward the deceased. These issues are intensified when the circumstances of the death were traumatic, when the relationship with the deceased was ambivalent, when specific cultural and religious factors are present, and when the influence of litigation is felt. If the burial process is disrupted, civil suits for negligence may be filed that exacerbate grief and challenge the psychiatrist's efforts to resolve diagnostic ambiguity in the face of emotionally charged cultural and religious practices. C1 NEW YORK MED COLL,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV MISSOURI,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & NEUROL,COLUMBIA,MO. HARRY S TRUMAN VA MED CTR,COLUMBIA,MO. RP Eth, S (reprint author), ST VINCENTS HOSP,DEPT PSYCHIAT,153 W 11TH ST,NEW YORK,NY 10011, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PSYCHIATRY LAW PI BLOOMFIELD PA ONE REGENCY DR, PO BOX 30, BLOOMFIELD, CT 06002 SN 0091-634X J9 B AM ACAD PSYCH LAW JI Bull. Amer. Acad. Psychiat. Law PY 1996 VL 24 IS 4 BP 483 EP 492 PG 10 WC Law; Psychiatry SC Government & Law; Psychiatry GA WB050 UT WOS:A1996WB05000004 PM 9001746 ER PT S AU Karczmar, AG AF Karczmar, AG BE Klein, J Loffelholz, K TI Loewi's discovery and the XXI century SO CHOLINERGIC MECHANISMS: FROM MOLECULAR BIOLOGY TO CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE SE Progress in Brain Research LA English DT Review CT 9th International Cholinergic Symposium (ISCM) CY JUN 07-10, 1995 CL MAINZ, GERMANY SP Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, State Rheinland Pfalz, Deut Forschungsgemeinsch, Deut Gesell Exptl & Klin Pharm & Toxikol, Int Soc Neurochem, Bayer Ag, Germany, Boehringer Ingelheim, Germany, MSD, Germany, Byk Gulden, Germany, Hoffmann La Roche, Germany, Labotec, Germany, Madaus, Germany, Marion Merrell, Germany, Merz & Co, Germany, Pharmacia, Germany, Pharmacia Biotech, Germany, Roland, Germany, Schwabe, Germany, SmithKline Beecham, Germany, Upjohn, US ID NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE-RECEPTORS; CHOLINERGIC MECHANISMS; POSTSYNAPTIC ACTIONS; ION CHANNELS; RAT-BRAIN; SYSTEM; NEUROTRANSMITTERS; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; SUBTYPES; EXAMPLE C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS, VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP, RES SERV, HINES, IL 60141 USA. RP Karczmar, AG (reprint author), LOYOLA UNIV, MED CTR, DEPT PHARMACOL, MAYWOOD, IL 60153 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR05368]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS15858, NS6455] NR 208 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0079-6123 BN 0-444-82166-X J9 PROG BRAIN RES JI Prog. Brain Res. PY 1996 VL 109 BP 1 EP 27 PG 27 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA BJ05X UT WOS:A1996BJ05X00001 PM 9009689 ER PT J AU Murray, DR Freeman, GL AF Murray, DR Freeman, GL TI Tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces a biphasic effect on myocardial contractility in conscious dogs SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cytokine; left ventricular function septic shock; norepinephrine; epinephrine ID SYSTOLIC PRESSURE-VOLUME; CLOSED-CHEST DOGS; HUMAN SEPTIC SHOCK; NITRIC-OXIDE; FACTOR CHALLENGES; INTERFERON-GAMMA; END-EJECTION; HEART; DYSFUNCTION; PERFORMANCE AB Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) likely plays a role in the pathophysiology of myocardial depression observed in septic shock. To evaluate the hemodynamic effects of TNF-alpha in vivo while eliminating the influence of altered sympathetic tone, eight conscious chronically instrumented dogs were studied after pretreatment with propranolol (2 mg/kg) and atropine (2 mg). Using three sets of piezoelectric crystals to measure left ventricular (LV) volume and LV manometers to measure pressure, we determined load-independent parameters of LV systolic performance before, during, and after infusion of recombinant human TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha, 40 mu g/kg for 1 hour). Plasma was analyzed for epinephrine and norepinephrine. Between 1 and 7 hours of exposure, rhTNF-alpha induced significant increases in circulating catecholamines. Norepinephrine rose from 268.6+/-47.2 to 426.2+/-87.0 pg/mL (P<.05) at 1 hour and peaked at 921.2+/-156.8 pg/mL (P<.001) at 4 hours after initiating rhTNF-alpha treatment. Similarly, epinephrine increased from 130.2+/-30.9 to 884.5+/-210.2 pg/mL (P<.05) at 1 hour and peaked at 3195.3+/-476 pg/mL (P<.001) at 4 hours. Before the surge of circulating catecholamines and despite complete beta- adrenergic blockade, rhTNF-alpha induced a 7% to 40% increase in LV contractile performance during the 60-minute infusion. After this initial positive inotropic effect, rhTNF-alpha treatment led to precipitous systolic dysfunction between 2 and 7 hours of exposure; this myocardial depressant effect persisted at 25 hours. LV systolic performance declined to 19% to 35% of baseline values, depending on the specific contractile parameter evaluated. We conclude that rhTNF-alpha affects LV systolic function in a time-dependent biphasic manner. Increases in circulating catecholamines after rhTNF-alpha infusion cannot account for the early improvement in LV systolic performance. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Murray, DR (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 45 TC 111 Z9 119 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 78 IS 1 BP 154 EP 160 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA TM904 UT WOS:A1996TM90400019 PM 8603499 ER PT J AU Craig, WA AF Craig, WA TI The role of isepamicin in the treatment of severe hospital infections - Foreword SO CLINICAL DRUG INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material RP Craig, WA (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM HOSP,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1173-2563 J9 CLIN DRUG INVEST JI Clin. Drug Invest. PY 1996 VL 12 SU 1 BP R9 EP R10 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VP689 UT WOS:A1996VP68900001 ER PT J AU Musher, DM Groover, JE Graviss, EA Baughn, RE AF Musher, DM Groover, JE Graviss, EA Baughn, RE TI The lack of association between aging and postvaccination levels of IgG antibody to capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CELL-WALL POLYSACCHARIDE; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE; RESPONSES; REVACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION; ADULTS; SERUM AB One possible explanation for the apparently reduced efficacy of pneumococcal vaccine in elderly subjects is that IgG responses to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides (PPSs) decline with aging. We administered pneumococcal vaccine to 118 adults who ranged in age from 20 to 93 years; 33 were greater than or equal to 70 years old. Four to 6 weeks later, we measured IgG reactive with PPSs from 10 commonly infecting serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae. By regression analysis, a slight but nonsignificant increase in anti-PPS IgG was observed with increased age for six serotypes and a nonsignificant decrease was observed for four. Mean IgG levels and the percentage of subjects with IgG levels greater than or equal to 1 mu g/mL were no different among persons greater than or equal to 70 years of age than among those less than or equal to 69 years of age, These results show no consistent effect of aging on anti-PPS IgG levels 4-6 weeks after pneumococcal vaccination. C1 BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. RP Musher, DM (reprint author), DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,MED SERV,ROOM 4B-370,2002 HOLCOMBE BLVD,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 18 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 22 IS 1 BP 165 EP 167 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA TP780 UT WOS:A1996TP78000032 PM 8824989 ER PT J AU Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Dean, DD Wiederhold, ML Boyan, BD AF Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Dean, DD Wiederhold, ML Boyan, BD TI Regulation of statoconia mineralization in Aplysia californica in vitro SO CONNECTIVE TISSUE RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on the Chemistry and Biology of Mineralized Tissues CY OCT 22-27, 1995 CL KOHLER, WI DE calcium carbonate; Aplysia californica; statoconia; urease; carbonic anhydrase ID CARBONIC-ANHYDRASE; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; LOCALIZATION; OSTEOCLASTS; CALCITONIN; ORGANS AB Statoconia are calcium carbonate inclusions in the lumen of the gravity-sensing organ, the statocyst, of Aplysia californica. The aim of the present study was to examine the role of carbonic anhydrase and urease in statoconia mineralization in vitro, The experiments were performed using a previously described culture system (Pedrozo et al., J. Comp. Physiol. (A) 177:415-425). Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase by acetazolamide decreased statoconia production and volume, while inhibition of urease by acetohydroxamic acid reduced total statoconia number, but had no affect on statoconia volume, Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase initially increased and then decreased the statocyst pH, whereas inhibition of urease decreased statocyst pH at all times examined; simultaneous addition of both inhibitors also decreased pH. These effects were dose and time dependent. The results show that carbonic anhydrase and urease are required for statoconia formation and homeostasis, and for regulation of statocyst pH. This suggests that these two enzymes regulate mineralization at least partially through regulation of statocyst pH. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT ORTHOPAED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT OTOLARYNGOL HEAD & NECK SURG, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PERIODONT, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT BIOCHEM, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM, HADASSAH FAC DENT MED, DEPT PERIODONT, IL-91905 JERUSALEM, ISRAEL. OI Dean, David/0000-0002-4512-9065 NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 0300-8207 J9 CONNECT TISSUE RES JI Connect. Tissue Res. PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1-4 BP 317 EP 323 DI 10.3109/03008209609029206 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Orthopedics SC Cell Biology; Orthopedics GA WL094 UT WOS:A1996WL09400046 PM 9084670 ER PT J AU Bush, RK Hefle, SL AF Bush, RK Hefle, SL TI Food allergens SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION LA English DT Review ID AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; PISUM-SATIVUM-L; CROSS-REACTIVE ALLERGEN; IGE-BINDING PROTEINS; BIRD-EGG SYNDROME; ARA-H-I; SHRIMP-SENSITIVE INDIVIDUALS; SUBUNITS SYNTHESIZED INVITRO; SOYBEAN TRYPSIN-INHIBITORS; MAJOR COMPONENT PROTEINS C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN,INST FOOD RES,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV NEBRASKA,FOOD ALLERGY RES & RESOURCE PROGRAM,LINCOLN,NE. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 349 TC 67 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS INC PI BOCA RATON PA 2000 CORPORATE BLVD NW, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 SN 1040-8398 J9 CRIT REV FOOD SCI JI Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. PY 1996 VL 36 SU S BP S119 EP S163 PG 45 WC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA VX188 UT WOS:A1996VX18800009 PM 8959381 ER PT J AU Mayer, EA Mulholland, MW AF Mayer, EA Mulholland, MW TI Large intestine SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,BLDG 115,ROOM 223,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA TZ239 UT WOS:A1996TZ23900001 ER PT J AU Mayer, EA AF Mayer, EA TI Breaking down the functional and organic paradigm SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; FIBROMYALGIA; ACTIVATION; DISEASE AB The most prevalent symptoms arising from disordered colonic function are altered bowel habits, commonly associated with abdominal discomfort. These symptoms can arise from a variety of different disorders that are traditionally classified into those of organic and those of functional etiology. In principle, disorders are referred to as functional when no specific structural, physiologic, or biochemical marker can be identified, although in practice, the search for markers is limited to endoscopic, radiologic, or histologic evidence. Generally, it is assumed that patients with functional colonic disorders suffer primarily from psychologic distress or psychiatric ''comorbidity.'' Due to a lack of specific biologic markers, symptom criteria have been developed that are thought to define distinct syndromes. I propose that in view of recent breakthroughs in our understanding of how the neuroendocrine control systems respond to perturbations of the external and internal environment of the organism in the form of the generalized stress response, the traditional separation into organic and functional is no longer appropriate. Instead, a concept is proposed in which disorders of the colon range from distinct patterns of alterations in the bidirectional dialogue between the central nervous system and the colon. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE NEUROENTER BIOL GRP,BLDG 115,ROOM 223,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 3 EP 7 DI 10.1097/00001574-199612010-00002 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA TZ239 UT WOS:A1996TZ23900002 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Tache, Y TI Autonomic regulation of colonic epithelial and motor function SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article AB Physiologic regulation of colonic function depends on the interaction among three systems: enteric, autonomic (sympathetic and parasympathetic), and immune. Visceral sensory information is transmitted via primary afferents and integrated at central (spinal and supraspinal) sites. Changes in the activity of these primary afferents are an important component in pathophysiologic alterations of colonic motor and secretory functions and seem to be a common mechanism underlying functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Increased colorectal sensitivity to distention in irritable bowel syndrome may involve alterations of thoracolumbar afferents and the immune system in the colonic wall. Alterations in the properties of the enteric nervous system, epithelial transport, and somatic and visceral responses to visceral pain have been characterized during immune challenges and experimental colitis. RP Martinez, V (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE,DIGEST DIS RES CTR,BLDG 115,ROOM 203,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 12 IS 1 BP 44 EP 49 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA TZ239 UT WOS:A1996TZ23900009 ER PT J AU Shows, TB Alders, M Bennett, S Burbee, D Cartwright, P Chandrasekharappa, S Cooper, P Courseaux, A Davies, C Devignes, MD Devilee, P Elliott, R Evans, G Fantes, J Garner, H Gaudray, P Gerhard, DS Gessler, M Higgins, M Hummerich, H James, M Lagercrantz, J Litt, M Little, P Mannens, M Munroe, D Nowak, N OBrien, S Parker, N Perlin, M Reid, L Richard, C Sawicki, M Swallow, D Thakker, R vanHeyningen, V vanSchothorst, E Vorechovsky, I Wadelius, C Weber, B Zabel, B AF Shows, TB Alders, M Bennett, S Burbee, D Cartwright, P Chandrasekharappa, S Cooper, P Courseaux, A Davies, C Devignes, MD Devilee, P Elliott, R Evans, G Fantes, J Garner, H Gaudray, P Gerhard, DS Gessler, M Higgins, M Hummerich, H James, M Lagercrantz, J Litt, M Little, P Mannens, M Munroe, D Nowak, N OBrien, S Parker, N Perlin, M Reid, L Richard, C Sawicki, M Swallow, D Thakker, R vanHeyningen, V vanSchothorst, E Vorechovsky, I Wadelius, C Weber, B Zabel, B TI Report of the fifth international workshop on human chromosome 11 mapping (1996) SO CYTOGENETICS AND CELL GENETICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID FAMILIAL HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; PROTEIN-C GENE; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; HUMAN GENOME; MAP; LOCALIZATION; REGION; SITE; HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-11; SEQUENCE C1 UNIV AMSTERDAM,ACAD MED CTR,NL-1105 AZ AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. UNIV OXFORD,WELLCOME TRUST CTR HUMAN GENET,OXFORD OX3 7BN,ENGLAND. UNIV TEXAS,SW MED CTR,DALLAS,TX 75235. UNIV UTAH,DEPT HUMAN GENET,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. NCHGR,LGT,NIH,BETHESDA,MD 20892. FAC MED,LGMCH,CNRS URA 1462,F-06717 NICE 2,FRANCE. CNRS UPR 420,F-94801 VILLEJUIF,FRANCE. LEIDEN UNIV,DEPT HUMAN GENET,NL-2333 AL LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. ROSWELL PK CANC INST,DEPT MOL & CELL BIOL,BUFFALO,NY 14263. WESTERN GEN HOSP,MRC,HUMAN GENET UNIT,EDINBURGH EH4 2XU,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. FAC MED NICE,CNRS URA 1462,F-06107 NICE 2,FRANCE. WASHINGTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT GENET,ST LOUIS,MO 63110. THEODOR BOVERI INST BIOWISSENSCH,LEHRSTUHL PHYSIOL CHEM,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,LONDON SW7 2AZ,ENGLAND. NUFFIELD ORTHOPAED CTR,WELLCOME TRUST CTR HUMAN GENET,OXFORD OX3 7LD,ENGLAND. KAROLINSKA HOSP,DEPT CLIN GENET,S-10401 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED GENET,PORTLAND,OR 97201. MIT,CTR CANC RES,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. NCI,VIRAL CARCINOGENESIS LAB,FREDERICK,MD 21702. ROYAL CHILDRENS HOSP,DEPT HAEMATOL ONCOL,PARKVILLE,VIC 3052,AUSTRALIA. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV N CAROLINA,LINEBERGER CANC CTR,CHAPEL HILL,NC 27599. UNIV PITTSBURGH,WESTERN PSYCHIAT INST & CLIN,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT GEN SURG,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV LONDON UNIV COLL,GALTON LAB,MRC,HUMAN BIOCHEM GENET UNIT,LONDON NW1 2HE,ENGLAND. HAMMERSMITH HOSP,ROYAL POSTGRAD MED SCH,MRC,MOL ENDOCRINOL GRP,LONDON W12 0NN,ENGLAND. LEIDEN UNIV,RUL,LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. KAROLINSKA INST,NOVUM,DEPT BIOSCI,S-14157 HUDDINGE,SWEDEN. UNIV UPPSALA HOSP,S-75185 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. BIOCTR,INST HUMAN GENET,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MAINZ,DEPT PEDIAT,D-55101 MAINZ,GERMANY. RP Shows, TB (reprint author), ROSWELL PK CANC INST,DEPT HUMAN GENET,BUFFALO,NY 14263, USA. RI van Heyningen, Veronica/B-8039-2008 OI van Heyningen, Veronica/0000-0003-0359-0141 NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0301-0171 J9 CYTOGENET CELL GENET JI Cytogenet. Cell Genet. PY 1996 VL 74 IS 1-2 BP 2 EP 52 PG 51 WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA VN347 UT WOS:A1996VN34700001 ER PT J AU Heydari, AR You, SH Takahashi, R Gutsmann, A Sarge, KD Richardson, A AF Heydari, AR You, SH Takahashi, R Gutsmann, A Sarge, KD Richardson, A TI Effect of caloric restriction on the expression of heat shock protein 70 and the activation of heat shock transcription factor 1 SO DEVELOPMENTAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE aging; caloric restriction; heat shock protein 70; heat shock transcription factor; rat; liver ID FED AD-LIBITUM; FOOD RESTRICTION; DNA-BINDING; DIETARY RESTRICTION; GENE-EXPRESSION; DIPLOID FIBROBLASTS; AGING PROCESSES; METABOLIC-RATE; MESSENGER-RNA; LIFE-SPAN AB The regulation of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) expression is an excellent example of a cellular mechanism that has evolved to protect all living organisms from various types of physiological stresses; therefore, the reported age-related alterations in the ability of cells to express hsp70 in response to stress could seriously compromise the ability of a senescent organism in respond to changes in its environment. Because caloric restriction (CR) is the only experimental manipulation known to retard aging and increase the survival of rodents, it was of interest to analyze the effect of CR on the age-related alteration in the induction of hsp70 expression in rat hepatocytes. The effect of CR on the nuclear transcription of hsp70 gene in rat hepatocytes in response to various levels of heat shock was determined, and it was found that the age-related decline in the transcription of hsp70 at all temperatures studied was reversed by CR. Because the heat shock transcription factor (HSF) mediates the heat-induced transcription of hsp70, the effect of CR on the induction of HSF binding activity by heat shock was studied and found to arise from HSF1, which has been shown to be involved in the induction of HSF binding activity in other cell types. The age-related decrease in the induction of HSF1 binding activity in rat hepatocytes was reversed by CR, and did not appear to be due to an accumulation of inhibitory molecules with age. Interestingly, the level of HSF1 protein was significantly higher in hepatocytes isolated from old rats fed ad libitum compared to hepatocytes obtained from rats fed the CR diet even though the levels of HSF1 binding activity were lower for hepatocytes isolated from the old rats fed ad libitum. The levels of the mRNA transcript for HSF1 was not significantly altered by age or CR. Thus, the changes in HSF1 binding activity with age and CR do not arise from changes in the level of HSF1 protein available for activation. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PHYSIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV KENTUCKY, DEPT BIOCHEM, LEXINGTON, KY 40536 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01188, AG01548] NR 64 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0192-253X J9 DEV GENET JI Dev. Genet. PY 1996 VL 18 IS 2 BP 114 EP 124 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Developmental Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA UD087 UT WOS:A1996UD08700004 PM 8934873 ER PT J AU Mayfield, RK Shimojo, N Jaffa, AA AF Mayfield, RK Shimojo, N Jaffa, AA TI Skeletal muscle kallikrein - Potential role in metabolic regulation SO DIABETES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Significance of Autocrine and Paracrine Signaling for Energy Metabolism in Contracting Skeletal and Carldiac Muscle Tissues CY SEP 03-04, 1994 CL BUHLERHOHE, GERMANY ID TISSUE KALLIKREIN; GLUCOSE-UPTAKE; KININ SYSTEM; INSULIN; RAT; BRADYKININ; KIDNEY AB Skeletal muscle glucose metabolism appears to be regulated by locally derived factors as well as by systemically circulating hormones. Local factors may be particularly important during exercise, when substrate demand can increase rapidly. Numerous studies in perfused limbs suggest that the kallikrein-kinin system may participate in the regulation of substrate delivery and utilization by skeletal muscle. Evidence also suggests that kinins mediate the increase in insulin sensitivity after administration of converting enzyme inhibitors. Tissue kallikrein has been isolated and purified from rat skeletal muscles, and its level is highest in muscle with high oxidative activity. In other tissues, kallikrein synthesis is under the influence of insulin. It has not been possible to demonstrate effects of kallikrein or kinins on glucose metabolism in isolated skeletal muscle or cardiocytes. Therefore modulation of glucose metabolism by kallikrein or kinins may only be observed in intact perfused tissues or organs. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-01070-19] NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JAN PY 1996 VL 45 SU 1 BP S20 EP S23 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TQ507 UT WOS:A1996TQ50700004 PM 8529795 ER PT J AU Emanuele, NV Levey, AD Li, Q Kirsteins, L VandeKar, LD AF Emanuele, NV Levey, AD Li, Q Kirsteins, L VandeKar, LD TI The impact of cocaine on plasma growth hormone levels in the adult male rat SO ENDOCRINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ABUSE; BRAIN AB Little is known about the neuroendocrine impact of cocaine as it relates to pituitarygrowth hormone secretion. In these studies, in adult male rats, intracerebroventricular administration of cocaine caused a potent dose-related suppression of circulating growth hormone (GH) in animals sacrificed 15 min after drug administration. We conclude that in the adult male rat cocaine suppresses plasma GH levels. C1 US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MED SERV,HINES,IL 60141. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT MED,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. LOYOLA UNIV,STRITCH SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. RP Emanuele, NV (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,RES SERV,HINES,IL 60141, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA04865] NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 SN 0743-5800 J9 ENDOCR RES JI Endocr. Res. PY 1996 VL 22 IS 2 BP 139 EP 145 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA UT929 UT WOS:A1996UT92900004 PM 8799693 ER PT J AU Cornford, EM Truong, HVM Sofia, RD Kucharczyk, N AF Cornford, EM Truong, HVM Sofia, RD Kucharczyk, N TI Distribution of felbamate in brain SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE autoradiographic localization; dicarbamate anticonvulsant; CNS distribution ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; MU-OPIATE RECEPTORS AB We studied the distribution of felbamate (FBM) in rat brain using a brain imaging scanner to analyze thaw-mount autoradiographs. After intravenous injection of [C-14]FBM in rats, the autoradiographic distribution of isotope labeling patterns in brain was captured on x-ray film. Densitometric differences on the x-ray film were converted into color-code variations representing the different concentrations of FBM in regions of the brain. We demonstrated that relatively uniform concentrations of FBM were detected throughout the brain. In all brain regions examined, there were no specifically high or low concentrations of FBM. We conclude that the FBM distributes uniformly. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. WALLACE LABS,CRANBURY,NJ. RP Cornford, EM (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,EPILEPSY CTR 691W127B,11300 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD JAN PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 15 EP 18 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00505.x PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA TP556 UT WOS:A1996TP55600004 PM 8603617 ER PT J AU Wiatrowski, WA Giles, ER Cooke, EP AF Wiatrowski, WA Giles, ER Cooke, EP TI Development of a system to evaluate and communicate radiation risk SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Note DE operational topics; breast; risk communication; radiation, medical AB Review of research protocols involving positron emission tomography studies on healthy volunteers focused attention on the radiation exposure disclosure statements contained in the informed consent form. Of particular concern was the observation that breast doses from positron emission tomography studies are greater than breast doses from other research uses of radioisotopes, as well as routine nuclear medicine and radiographic procedures. Disclosure of individual organ doses is not normally provided on informed consent forms. A worksheet was developed to aid research investigators in the determination of effective dose equivalents and organ dose equivalents from all sources of radiation to which a volunteer is exposed. Three standardized risk statements are discussed. The final selection and use of these statements are determined by worksheet calculations of effective dose equivalents and organ dose equivalents. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT RADIOL SCI, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. RP Wiatrowski, WA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, RADIAT SAFETY OFF 11R, 7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 70 IS 1 BP 111 EP 117 DI 10.1097/00004032-199601000-00017 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TK957 UT WOS:A1996TK95700019 PM 7499144 ER PT J AU Collins, EG WhiteWilliams, C Jalowiec, A AF Collins, EG WhiteWilliams, C Jalowiec, A TI Spouse stressors while awaiting heart transplantation SO HEART & LUNG LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY BYPASS; CARDIAC TRANSPLANTATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CANDIDATES; ADJUSTMENT; LIFE AB OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to identify common stressors experienced by spouses of heart transplantation (HT) candidates; to identify differences in stressors among spouses of HT candidates based on selected demographic variables; and to report preliminary psychometric data on the newly developed Spouse Transplant Stressor Scale. DESIGN: Comparative, cross-sectional survey. SAMPLE: Spouses of 85 HT candidates awaiting HT at midwestern and southeastern medical centers and a midwestern Department of Veterans Affairs hospital. MEASURES: Spouse Transplant Stresser Scale (Collins), an investigator-developed rating form and demographic data sheet. RESULTS: Spouses of HT candidates reported high levels of stress during the wait for a donor heart. Factors related directly to the transplantation experience were rated as the most stressful. Fear that the patient (partner) would die before a heart became available was the worst stressor for the spouses. Working spouses perceived more stressors related to responsibility, socioeconomics, and self. Stressors associated with the transplantation process itself were equally stressful for spouses who work and spouses who do not work. RP Collins, EG (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,VET AFFAIRS EDWARD HINES JR HOSP,POB 5000,HINES,IL 60141, USA. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0147-9563 J9 HEART LUNG JI Heart Lung PD JAN-FEB PY 1996 VL 25 IS 1 BP 4 EP 13 DI 10.1016/S0147-9563(96)80006-9 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Nursing; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Nursing; Respiratory System GA TU897 UT WOS:A1996TU89700002 PM 8775865 ER PT J AU Esclapez, M Chang, DK Houser, CR AF Esclapez, M Chang, DK Houser, CR TI Subpopulations of GABA neurons in the dentate gyrus express high levels of the alpha(1) subunit of the GABA(A) receptor SO HIPPOCAMPUS LA English DT Article DE glutamate decarboxylase; GAD65; somatostatin; hippocampus; in situ hybridization ID MESSENGER-RNAS; RAT-BRAIN; A RECEPTOR; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; HYBRIDIZATION HISTOCHEMISTRY; BENZODIAZEPINE RECEPTORS; PRE-PROSOMATOSTATIN; BETA-2/3 SUBUNITS; DECARBOXYLASE; HETEROGENEITY AB The alpha(1) subunit of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptor is highly expressed in a subgroup of neurons in the hippocampal formation. The distribution and chemical identities of these neurons in the dentate gyrus have been studied with double-labeling in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical methods. Double labeling for the al subunit and glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) mRNAs indicated that virtually all neurons in the dentate gyrus that are heavily labeled for the alpha(1) subunit are GABA neurons. However, many GAD65 mRNA-labeled neurons in the hilus do not contain high levels of the rut subunit mRNA and protein. Studies were thus conducted to determine if the somatostatin neurons of the hilus were part of the alpha(1) subunit-labeled group. Double labeling for the alpha(1) subunit and pre-prosomatostatin mRNAs demonstrated virtually no co-localization of these mRNAs in hilar neurons. Thus, the strongly labeled alpha(1) mRNA-containing neurons and the somatostatin neurons constitute two distinct populations of hilar GABA neurons. Double labeling for the alpha(1) subunit polypeptide and its mRNA with immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization methods demonstrated directly that neurons of the dentate gyrus that express high levels of the alpha(1) subunit mRNA are the same neurons that show extensive labeling for the alpha(1) subunit along their somal and dendritic surfaces. The high levels of alpha(1) subunit expression in some populations of GABA neurons could be related to prominent disinhibitory functions of these neurons. (C) 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,BRAIN RES INST,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,NEUROL SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,WADSWORTH DIV,RES SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RI Esclapez, Monique/O-6509-2016 OI Esclapez, Monique/0000-0002-8558-1363 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS21908, NS29231] NR 39 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 1050-9631 J9 HIPPOCAMPUS JI Hippocampus PY 1996 VL 6 IS 3 BP 225 EP 238 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA VA305 UT WOS:A1996VA30500002 PM 8841823 ER PT J AU Oberley, TD Sempf, JM Oberley, LW AF Oberley, TD Sempf, JM Oberley, LW TI Immunogold analysis of antioxidant enzymes in common renal cancers SO HISTOLOGY AND HISTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunogold techniques; antioxidant enzymes; kidney cancer ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; SYRIAN-HAMSTER TISSUES; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT; CELLS; EXPRESSION; LUNG; RAT; IMMUNOLOCALIZATION AB Immunogold studies of normal human kidney and common human kidney cancers were performed using polyclonal antibodies to antioxidant enzymes, including antibodies to copper, zinc and manganese superoxide dismutases, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferases and their subunits. Normal tissue adjacent to human renal tumors had the same antioxidant enzyme immunoreactive protein profiles as normal human kidney, thus establishing that the presence of tumor does not alter the levels of antioxidant enzyme immunoreactive proteins in adjacent kidney tissue. Levels of immunoreactive protein for antioxidant enzymes were determined in four common types of malignant renal cancer. In general, tumors had low levels of antioxidant enzymes; however, certain histologic types of renal tumors had high levels of immunoreactive protein for glutathione S-transferase subunits, which could affect their susceptibility to chemotherapy. Studies of transitional carcinoma of the renal pelvis were especially informative since it was possible to compare levels of antioxidant enzyme immunoreactive protein with adjacent normal transitional epithelium; the majority of antibodies resulted in lower levels of immunoreactive protein in transitional cell carcinoma than in adjacent normal transitional epithelium. Our results are discussed in relation to the response of renal tumors to therapy. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PATHOL & LAB MED SERV,MADISON,WI 53705. UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,RADIAT RES LAB,IOWA CITY,IA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 41267] NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU F HERNANDEZ PI MURCIA PA PLAZA FUENSANTA 2-7 C, 30008 MURCIA, SPAIN SN 0213-3911 J9 HISTOL HISTOPATHOL JI Histol. Histopath. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 11 IS 1 BP 153 EP 160 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA TT248 UT WOS:A1996TT24800018 PM 8720459 ER PT J AU Gulley, ML Pulitzer, DR Eagan, PA Schneider, BG AF Gulley, ML Pulitzer, DR Eagan, PA Schneider, BG TI Epstein-Barr virus infection is an early event in gastric carcinogenesis and is independent of bcl-2 expression and p53 accumulation SO HUMAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gastric carcinoma; Epstein-Barr virus; p53; bcl-2; Hispanic ID LYMPHOEPITHELIOMA-LIKE CARCINOMA; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; LYMPHOMA CELL-LINES; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; PROTOONCOGENE EXPRESSION; CANCER; ADENOCARCINOMA; STOMACH; ASSOCIATION AB Ninety-five cases of adenocarcinoma of the stomach were evaluated for the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) using a sensitive in situ hybridization assay targeting Epstein-Barr virus-encoded RNA 1 (EBER1) transcripts. EBER1 was detected in 11 of 95 (12%) of cases. When present, the virus was localized to malignant epithelial cells and to dysplastic gastric epithelium, but was not seen in normal-appearing gastric epithelium or intestinal metaplasia. The EBV DNA was monoclonal in all three cases tested by Southern blot analysis of the EBV terminal repeat fragment. These findings suggest that the virus was present before malignant transformation. The presence of EBV was strongly associated with increased numbers of tumorinfiltrating T lymphocytes; however, EBV was not associated with prolonged survival. Neither p53 nor bcl-2 were consistently detected in the EBV-associated tumors. Specifically, 6 of Ii EBV-positive carcinomas had accumulation of p53 protein by immunohistochemical analysis, which was similar to the prevalence of p53 accumulation in EBV-negative specimens and suggests that EBV infection does not substitute for p53 mutation during tumorigenesis. The bcl-2 oncoprotein was expressed in a third of the carcinoma specimens tested, but bcl-2 expression did not correlate with the presence of EBV or with expression of EBV latent membrane protein 1. In conclusion, EBV infection appears to precede malignant transformation in a significant fraction of gastric carcinomas, but neither bcl-2 expression nor p53 accumulation appear to be consistently associated with the presence of the virus. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Gulley, ML (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PATHOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [K08-CA01615, P30-CA54174] NR 62 TC 109 Z9 115 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0046-8177 J9 HUM PATHOL JI Hum. Pathol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 27 IS 1 BP 20 EP 27 DI 10.1016/S0046-8177(96)90133-1 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA TP794 UT WOS:A1996TP79400005 PM 8543306 ER PT S AU Bridges, AJ Anderson, JD Burns, DE Kemple, K Kaplan, JD Lorden, T AF Bridges, AJ Anderson, JD Burns, DE Kemple, K Kaplan, JD Lorden, T BE Potter, M Rose, NR TI Autoantibodies in patients with silicone implants SO IMMUNOLOGY OF SILICONES SE CURRENT TOPICS IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Immunology of Silicones CY MAR 13-14, 1995 CL NIH, NATCHER CONF CTR, BETHESDA, MD HO NIH, NATCHER CONF CTR ID CONNECTIVE-TISSUE DISEASE; ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES; FIBROMYALGIA SYNDROME; BREAST IMPLANTS; FEATURES; SYMPTOMS; WOMEN AB We assessed the prevalence of autoantibodies in women with silicone implants and controls. Five hundred consecutive patients with silicone implants, 25 age-matched normal women, 25 women with silicone implants and no rheumatic symptoms, and 100 women with fibromyalgia were tested. Immunofluorescence antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were performed using HEp-2 cells. Subtype autoantibodies were performed by enzyme-linked immunoassay and Western blot. ANA tests were positive in 30% of patients with silicone implants and rheumatic symptoms, 8% of age-matched normal women, 28% of women with silicone implants without clinical symptoms, and 25% of women with fibromyalgia and no silicone implants. The predominant ANA pattern was speckled (55%). ANA subtype testing was positive in 4.8% of patients and none of the controls. We conclude that a larger proportion of women with silicone implants have autoantibodies compared to age-matched asymptomatic women suggesting immune activation in women with silicone implants. RP Bridges, AJ (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,HOSP & CLIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SECT RHEUMATOL,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 11 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 3-540-60272-0 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 1996 VL 210 BP 277 EP 282 PG 6 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BF83W UT WOS:A1996BF83W00028 PM 8565567 ER PT S AU Silverman, S Gluck, O Silver, D Tesser, J Wallace, D Neumann, K Metzger, A Morris, R AF Silverman, S Gluck, O Silver, D Tesser, J Wallace, D Neumann, K Metzger, A Morris, R BE Potter, M Rose, NR TI The prevalence of autoantibodies in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with breast implants and patients with fibromyalgia SO IMMUNOLOGY OF SILICONES SE CURRENT TOPICS IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on the Immunology of Silicones CY MAR 13-14, 1995 CL NIH, NATCHER CONF CTR, BETHESDA, MD HO NIH, NATCHER CONF CTR ID CLASSIFICATION; ANTIBODIES; CRITERIA; DISEASE; WOMEN C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. ARIZONA RHEUMATOL CTR LTD,PHOENIX,AZ. RHEUMATOL DIAGNOST LABS INC,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Silverman, S (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VA,LOS ANGELES,CA, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN 33 PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, W-1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 3-540-60272-0 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 1996 VL 210 BP 317 EP 322 PG 6 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA BF83W UT WOS:A1996BF83W00033 PM 8565573 ER PT S AU Rook, AH Kubin, M Foz, FE Niu, ZT Cassin, M Vowels, BR Gottleib, SL Vonderheid, EC Lessin, SR Trinchieri, G AF Rook, AH Kubin, M Foz, FE Niu, ZT Cassin, M Vowels, BR Gottleib, SL Vonderheid, EC Lessin, SR Trinchieri, G BE Lotze, MT Trinchieri, G Gately, M Wolf, S TI The potential therapeutic role of interleukin-12 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma SO INERLEUKIN 12: CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY OF AN IMPORTANT REGULATORY CYTOKINE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Interleukin-12 - Cellular and Molecular Immunology of an Important Regulatory Cytokine CY NOV 09-12, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP New York Acad Sci, Genet Inst Inc, Hoffmann La Roche Inc, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharm Inc, Bristol Myers Squibb Pharm Res Inst, Lab Line Instruments Inc, Merck & Co Inc, NCI, Pfizer Inc, Upjohn Co, SmithKline Beecham Pharm, Wyeth Ayerst Res ID INTERFERON-GAMMA-PRODUCTION; SEZARY-SYNDROME; MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; STIMULATORY FACTOR; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; SECRETION; LYMPHOCYTES; ANTITUMOR; PATTERN C1 Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19164 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Wistar Inst, Philadelphia, PA 19164 USA. RP Rook, AH (reprint author), Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [1RO1 CA58841, R29 CA55017] NR 26 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-018-2 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1996 VL 795 BP 310 EP 318 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb52680.x PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BK04A UT WOS:000070968300032 PM 8958942 ER PT J AU Horner, MD Freides, D AF Horner, MD Freides, D TI Effects of retinal eccentricity on the lateralized processing of categorical and coordinate spatial relations SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE neuropsychology; hemispheric asymmetry; categorical; coordinate; spatial relations; visual information processing ID CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES; REPRESENTATIONS; SPECIALIZATION AB Kosslyn's (1987) hypothesized cerebral hemispheric asymmetries for processing categorical and coordinate spatial relations were explored, using stimuli presented at varying degrees of retinal eccentricity. Thirty-three adult males performed hemifield reaction-time tasks requiring categorical or coordinate judgments. The hypothesized asymmetries were observed when stimuli were presented at 3 degrees of visual angle, but not at 1 or 9 degrees. Nevertheless, correlational analyses supported the existence of separate neural subsystems for categorical and coordinate processing. The results suggest that the model accurately predicts performance asymmetries only under specific conditions. C1 EMORY UNIV,ATLANTA,GA 30322. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP Horner, MD (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU GORDON BREACH SCI PUBL LTD PI READING PA C/O STBS LTD PO BOX 90, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG1 8JL SN 0020-7454 J9 INT J NEUROSCI JI Int. J. Neurosci. PY 1996 VL 86 IS 1-2 BP 7 EP 13 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UY504 UT WOS:A1996UY50400002 PM 8828055 ER PT J AU Silva, JA Leong, GB AF Silva, JA Leong, GB TI The relation of Cotard's syndrome to delusional misidentification SO ISRAEL JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND RELATED SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CAPGRAS SYNDROME; TOMOGRAPHY; DOUBLES; ATROPHY; SELF AB A case of Cotard's syndrome with face processing deficits is described. The phenomenology of Cotard's syndrome may be an expression of underlying visual processing deficits, including abnormalities in face perception processing. Phenomenologic and neurobiologic characteristics of this case are similar to those found among delusional misidentification syndromes. This similarity suggests areas for further study that may lead to a better understanding of the relation of phenomenology to neurobiology in Cotard's syndrome. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV MISSOURI,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & NEUROL,COLUMBIA,MO 65211. HARRY S TRUMAN MEM VET HOSP,PSYCHIAT SERV,COLUMBIA,MO 65201. RP Silva, JA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU GEFEN PUBL HOUSE LTD PI JERUSALEM PA PO BOX 6056, JERUSALEM 91060, ISRAEL SN 0333-7308 J9 ISRAEL J PSYCHIAT JI Isr. J. Psychiatr. Relat. Sci. PY 1996 VL 33 IS 3 BP 188 EP 193 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA VQ278 UT WOS:A1996VQ27800006 PM 9009518 ER PT J AU Simberkoff, MS Hartigan, PM Hamilton, JD Day, PL Diamond, GR Dickinson, GM Drusano, GL Egorin, MJ George, WL Gordin, FM Hawkes, CA Jensen, PC Klimas, NG Labriola, AM Lahart, CJ OBrien, WA Oster, CN Weinhold, KJ Wray, NP Pazner, SBZ AF Simberkoff, MS Hartigan, PM Hamilton, JD Day, PL Diamond, GR Dickinson, GM Drusano, GL Egorin, MJ George, WL Gordin, FM Hawkes, CA Jensen, PC Klimas, NG Labriola, AM Lahart, CJ OBrien, WA Oster, CN Weinhold, KJ Wray, NP Pazner, SBZ TI Long-term follow-up of symptomatic HIV-infected patients originally randomized to early versus later zidovudine treatment: Report of a veterans affairs cooperative study SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE zidovudine; human immunodeficiency virus; opportunistic infections; survival ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; CUBIC MILLIMETER; DOUBLE-BLIND; THERAPY; AZT; SENSITIVITY; EFFICACY; SURVIVAL; AIDS AB Following a 4-year controlled trial comparing early and later zidovudine treatment, we conducted an additional 3-year follow-up. Of the original 338 patients, 275 participated. Clinical outcome measures were AIDS and death. In the early therapy group (n = 170), 67 patients progressed to AIDS compared with 85 in the later therapy group (n = 168); the relative risk (RR) comparing early with later therapy was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.99; p = 0.044). The early therapy group had 74 deaths compared with 73 in the later therapy (RR = 0.98; 95% CI, 0.71-1.36; p = 0.91). The early group had a peak CD4+ count increase at 1-2 months and a delay of 1 year before CD4+ counts fell below baseline. For patients who received zidovudine for more than the median duration (20.3 months) before their first AIDS diagnosis, the RR for death was 2.08 (95% CI, 1.36-3.19, p = 0.001). Additional factors independently associated with poor prognosis following AIDS were a CD4+ count of <100 cells/mm(3) and increased severity of the first AIDS diagnosis, whereas use of another antiretroviral agent was associated with improved survival. We conclude that early zidovudine therapy delays progression to AIDS but does not affect survival. Patients who progress to AIDS while on prolonged zidovudine monotherapy many benefit from a change to other antiretroviral therapy(ies). C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, BALTIMORE, MD USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DURHAM, NC USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, HOUSTON, TX USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MIAMI, FL USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, SAN FRANCISCO, CA USA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, WASHINGTON, DC USA. ALBANY MED COLL, ALBANY, NY USA. DUKE UNIV, DURHAM, NC USA. WALTER REED ARMY MED CTR, BETHESDA, MD USA. VET ADM COORDINATING CTR, NEW HAVEN, CT USA. VET ADM COORDINATING CTR, ALBUQUERQUE, NM USA. RP Simberkoff, MS (reprint author), VET ADM MED CTR, INFECT DIS SECT, 423 E 23RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PY 1996 VL 11 IS 2 BP 142 EP 150 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA TR348 UT WOS:A1996TR34800005 PM 8556396 ER PT J AU Compton, PA Ling, W Wesson, DR Charuvastra, VC Wilkins, J AF Compton, PA Ling, W Wesson, DR Charuvastra, VC Wilkins, J TI Urine toxicology as an outcome measure in drug abuse clinical trials: Must every sample be analyzed? SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Clinical trials designed to establish the effectiveness of a pharmacotherapy for the treatment of drug abuse typically call for the collection and analysis of three urine samples per week to detect changes in drug use patterns. Examination of over 16,500 urine samples collected from 225 subjects during a one year buprenorphine/methadone clinical trial indicates that analysis of one weekly urine sample from those collected on a three-times-per-week fixed schedule provides essentially the same outcome information as analysis of all three weekly urines. Further, the percent of opiate-positive samples is constant across weekday, indicating that a single urine, randomly selected from those collected each week, is a valid indicator of treatment performance. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH NURSING,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Compton, PA (reprint author), LOS ANGELES ADDICT TREATMENT RES CTR,10350 SANTA MONICA BLVD,SUITE 340,LOS ANGELES,CA 90211, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R18-DA006082, T32-DA07272] NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 1996 VL 15 IS 2 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1300/J069v15n02_07 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA UE197 UT WOS:A1996UE19700007 PM 8704003 ER PT J AU Samuels, MH Kramer, P AF Samuels, MH Kramer, P TI Differential effects of short-term fasting on pulsatile thyrotropin, gonadotropin, and alpha-subunit secretion in healthy men - A clinical research center study SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID LUTEINIZING-HORMONE SECRETION; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; PITUITARY-TESTICULAR AXIS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SERUM THYROTROPIN; RELEASE; AMPLITUDE; DOPAMINE; RAT AB In healthy subjects, short term fasting suppresses the hypothalamic-pituitary -thyroid and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axes, with decreased serum levels of TSH and LH. However, effects of fasting on pulsatile release of TSH, LH, FSH, and alpha-subunit are less clear. Eleven healthy young men each underwent two 2-day studies: a baseline study during normal caloric intake and a fasting study during 56 h of caloric deprivation. During the final 24 h of each study, blood samples were drawn every 15 min for measurement of serum TSH, LH, FSH, and a-subunit pulses. Fifty-six hours of fasting caused a 50% suppression of mean TSH levels and TSH pulse amplitude, without altering TSH pulse frequency. Nocturnal TSH pulse amplitude decreased by 60%, with abolition of the usual nocturnal TSH surge. Fasting suppressed mean LH levels and LH pulse amplitude by 30%, without affecting LH pulse frequency. In contrast, mean FSH levels only decreased by 13%, without changes in FSPI pulse parameters, whereas mean alpha-subunit levels and pulse amplitude decreased by 20%. These data show that short term fasting has a greater suppressive effect on the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis than on the HPG aids. Within the HPG axis, FSH is more resistant to fasting-induced suppression than LH, implying discordant regulation of the two gonadotropins during nutritional deprivation, alpha-Subunit suppression during fasting appears to parallel that seen for LH. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 77030 USA. RP Samuels, MH (reprint author), OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV, DIV ENDOCRINOL, 3181 SW SAM JACKSON PK RD, PORTLAND, OR 97201 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-00334, MO1-RR-00051] NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 81 IS 1 BP 32 EP 36 DI 10.1210/jc.81.1.32 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TP939 UT WOS:A1996TP93900007 PM 8550771 ER PT J AU Okuda, Y Adrogue, HJ Field, JB Nohara, H Yamashita, K AF Okuda, Y Adrogue, HJ Field, JB Nohara, H Yamashita, K TI Counterproductive effects of sodium bicarbonate in diabetic ketoacidosis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM LA English DT Article ID CARNITINE PALMITOYLTRANSFERASE-I; KETONE-BODY PRODUCTION; PERFUSED-RAT-LIVER; ACID-BASE STATUS; MALONYL-COA; PH; KIDNEY; GLUCOSE; HOMEOSTASIS; METABOLISM AB Although a growing body of evidence supports that alkali therapy in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) might be counterproductive, our knowledge about the consequences of this treatment on ketone metabolism is limited. Consequently, we performed clinical and animal studies to further examine this topic. The clinical studies assessed seven patients with DKA treated with continuous insulin infusion at a low dosage. Three of them also received sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), whereas the remaining four acted as controls. The group receiving NaHCO3 showed a 6-h delay in the improvement of ketosis as compared with controls. In addition, there was an increase in acetoacetate (AcAc) levels during alkali administration, followed by an increase in 3-hydroxybutyrate (3-OHB) level after its completion. Significant differences were not found between groups in the response of plasma glucose to the overall therapy. The animal study examined the effects of a NaHCO3-rich perfusate on the hepatic production of ketones with the in situ rat-liver preparation. Alkali loading resulted in an immediate increase in the AcAc level followed by increases in both the 3-OHB level and the 3-OHB/AcAc ratio after its completion. Hepatic ketogenesis increased even further, to about twice the basal level, after termination of the NaHCO3 loading. This investigation confirms that alkali administration augments ketone production and unravels an effect of bicarbonate infusion that promotes a selective build up of AcAc in body fluids. The data support that alkali therapy in DKA has nonsaltuary effects in the metabolism and plasma levels of ketones. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, RENAL SECT, HOUSTON, TX 77211 USA. BAYLOR COLL MED, HOUSTON, TX 77211 USA. ST LUKES EPISCOPAL HOSP, DIABET RES LAB, DIV ENDOCRINOL & METAB, HOUSTON, TX 77211 USA. NIIGATA UNIV, SCH DENT, DEPT BIOCHEM, NIIGATA, JAPAN. RP Okuda, Y (reprint author), UNIV TSUKUBA, INST CLIN MED, DEPT INTERNAL MED, 1-1-1 TENNODAI, TSUKUBA, IBARAKI 305, JAPAN. NR 40 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0021-972X EI 1945-7197 J9 J CLIN ENDOCR METAB JI J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 81 IS 1 BP 314 EP 320 DI 10.1210/jc.81.1.314 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TP939 UT WOS:A1996TP93900050 PM 8550770 ER PT J AU Wexler, HM Molitoris, E Murray, PR Washington, J Zabransky, RJ Edelstein, PH Finegold, SM AF Wexler, HM Molitoris, E Murray, PR Washington, J Zabransky, RJ Edelstein, PH Finegold, SM TI Comparison of spiral gradient endpoint and agar dilution methods for susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria: A multilaboratory collaborative evaluation SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A multilaboratory collaborative study was carried out to assess the utility of the spiral gradient endpoint (SGE) method for the determination of the antimicrobial susceptibilities of anaerobes and to evaluate the equivalence of the MICs obtained by the SGE method with those obtained by the reference agar dilution method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. The standard deviation of the MIC obtained by the SGE method for the five participating laboratories was +/-0.26 of a twofold dilution, whereas it was +/-1 twofold dilution by the reference method. The interlaboratory reproducibility of the results for two control strains tested with imipenem, chloramphenicol, and metronidazole indicated that 96% of the measurements fell within +/-1 twofold dilution of the mode. The equivalence of the SGE method with the agar dilution method was assessed with a wide variety of anaerobic organisms. The MICs by both methods were within 1 doubling dilution in 93% of the measurements (n = 1,074). Discrepancies generally occurred with those organism-drug combinations that resulted in tailing endpoints (Fusobacterium nucleatum, 86% agreement) or in cases of light growth (Peptostreptococcus spp., 86% agreement). C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, MED SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, RES SERV, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MED, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. WASHINGTON UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT PATHOL, ST LOUIS, MO 63110 USA. CLEVELAND CLIN FDN, DEPT CLIN PATHOL, CLEVELAND, OH 44195 USA. UNIV TEXAS, MED BRANCH, DEPT CLIN MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL, GALVESTON, TX 77550 USA. UNIV PENN, SCH MED, DEPT MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. UNIV PENN, SCH MED, DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 1 BP 170 EP 174 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA TL451 UT WOS:A1996TL45100035 PM 8748295 ER PT J AU Schneider, LS Small, GW AF Schneider, LS Small, GW TI Clinical developments in Alzheimer's disease - Introduction SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,INST NEUROPSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR AGING,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Schneider, LS (reprint author), UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1996 VL 57 SU 14 BP 3 EP 4 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA WE744 UT WOS:A1996WE74400001 ER PT J AU Peskind, ER AF Peskind, ER TI Neurobiology of Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Clinical Developments in Alzheimer's Disease at the Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Geriatric-Psychiatry (AAGP) CY FEB 14-17, 1996 CL TUCSON, AZ SP Amer Assoc Geriatr Psychiat ID AMYLOID-BETA-PROTEIN; LEWY BODY DEMENTIAS; PRECURSOR PROTEIN; SENILE DEMENTIA; NUCLEUS BASALIS; TAU-PHOSPHORYLATION; MISSENSE MUTATION; NEURONAL LOSS; GENE; LOCUS AB Although the specific process that destroys neurons in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains obscure, biochemical studies of AD neurohistologic lesions and molecular attempts to map and clone genes in familial AD have contributed greatly to our knowledge of AD. The major component of the extraneuronal neuritic plaque is beta-amyloid (A beta), which may be neurotoxic. The major component of the intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangle is hyperphosphorylated tau protein. It is unclear why this process damages the neuronal cytoskeleton. Familial AD is genetically heterogeneous. Chromosomes 21, 14, and 1 are causative genes in early-onset familial AD. The apolipoprotein E4 allele of chromosome 19 is a risk factor for both early- and late-onset AD. Unraveling the actions of these three causative genes and the apolipoprotein E4 allele may explain disease mechanisms common to all patients with AD. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP Peskind, ER (reprint author), VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,1660 COLUMBIAN WAY,SEATTLE,WA 98108, USA. NR 53 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1996 VL 57 SU 14 BP 5 EP 8 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA WE744 UT WOS:A1996WE74400002 PM 9024330 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Management of schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium of the American-Psychiatric-Association on Psychotic Disorders - Many Forms, Common Themes CY MAY 21, 1995 CL MIAMI BEACH, FL SP Amer Psychiat Assoc ID CLINICAL-TRIAL; CLOZAPINE; THERAPY; DRUG; AFTERCARE; RELAPSE; FLUPHENAZINE; RISPERIDONE; HALOPERIDOL AB The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition criteria for diagnosing schizophrenia require the presence of characteristic symptoms and disabilities, as well as the specific exclusion of other disorders with similar symptomatology. Once schizophrenia is diagnosed, the classification of schizophrenic symptoms as psychotic, disorganized, or negative can help clinicians predict treatment outcomes and individualize both pharmacologic and psychosocial treatment. Three treatment phases (acute, resolving, and maintenance) have been described; each has different medication strategies and goals. The introduction of novel antipsychotic agents, such as clozapine and risperidone, has enhanced the clinicians' ability to manage schizophrenic patients. Nonetheless, psychosocial treatment remains an important component of overall patient management. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 4 U2 5 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1996 VL 57 SU 3 BP 9 EP 13 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA UP160 UT WOS:A1996UP16000003 PM 8626371 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Management of treatment-resistant patients with schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-BLIND; ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS; NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; HALOPERIDOL; RISPERIDONE; CLOZAPINE; NEUROLEPTICS; MULTICENTER; MEDICATION AB This review will focus on three categories of poor response of patients with schizophrenia to an antipsychotic medication. The first category includes patients who continue to demonstrate positive psychotic symptoms when they receive adequate trials of an antipsychotic. These individuals may improve when their drug doses are altered or when they receive other drugs such as lithium or benzodiazepines in addition to their antipsychotic. Clozapine has been shown to result in substantial improvement in a majority of these patients. Additional evidence suggests that risperidone will also be effective in these individuals. The second category of poor responders consists of patients who are unable to tolerate the side effects of antipsychotics. These individuals may respond when they are changed to a newer antipsychotic. The third category includes patients who have persistent negative symptoms while they are treated with an antipsychotic. There is substantial evidence that these patients will demonstrate improvement in negative symptoms when they receive clozapine and risperidone as well as newer antipsychotics including olanzapine, sertindole, and quetiapine. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, BRENTWOOD DIV, PSYCHIAT SERV 116A, 11301 WILSHIRE BLVD, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 40 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 2 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1996 VL 57 SU 11 BP 26 EP 30 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA VV133 UT WOS:A1996VV13300004 PM 8941168 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Clinical experience with risperidone SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Roundtable Meeting on Antipsychotic Drug Therapy - Current Status CY MAR 03, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LA SP Janssen Pharm Inc ID NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME; CHRONIC-SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS; OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE SYMPTOMS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CLOZAPINE WITHDRAWAL; ANTIPSYCHOTIC-DRUGS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; TOURETTES-SYNDROME; HALOPERIDOL; DISORDER AB Recent clinical experiences with risperidone including controlled trials, clinical observations, and reports of side effects are reviewed. The controlled trials indicate that risperidone is an effective antipsychotic that may have advantages over conventional antipsychotics for treating both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia. A number of clinical reports indicate that risperidone is also effective for psychotic illnesses that result from other disorders. Risperidone has a relatively mild side effect profile when compared with conventional antipsychotics. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 36 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 4 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1996 VL 57 SU 9 BP 57 EP 61 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA VK186 UT WOS:A1996VK18600010 PM 8823352 ER PT J AU Marmar, CR Schoenfeld, F Weiss, DS Metzler, T Zatzick, D Wu, R Smiga, S Tecott, L Neylan, T AF Marmar, CR Schoenfeld, F Weiss, DS Metzler, T Zatzick, D Wu, R Smiga, S Tecott, L Neylan, T TI Open trial of fluvoxamine treatment for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on New Frontiers in OCD Spectrum Research for Psychiatry and Primary Care CY SEP 20-21, 1995 CL AUGUSTA, MI SP Solvay Pharm Inc, Upjohn Co ID DOUBLE-BLIND; PHENELZINE; IMIPRAMINE; PLACEBO; SEROTONIN; EVENTS AB A 10-week open-label trial of fluvoxamine was conducted for male Vietnam combat veterans with chronic PTSD. Subjects were excluded if they met full current criteria for panic disorder or agoraphobia, and lifetime criteria for psychosis, bipolar disorder, or organic mental syndrome. Repeated MANOVA was performed to determine change over time. Fluvoxamine was well tolerated; side effects were observed primarily early in treatment with headache, insomnia, sedation, and gastrointestinal distress being most frequent. Fluvoxamine was effective for treating the core intrusion, avoidance, and arousal symptoms of PTSD. Large treatment effects were seen by 4-6 weeks, and maintained at 10 weeks. The magnitude of change was greater than has been previously reported for antidepressant treatment of male Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,POSTTRAUMAT STRESS DISORDER PROGRAM,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. NR 26 TC 77 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 2 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1996 VL 57 SU 8 BP 66 EP 72 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA VC834 UT WOS:A1996VC83400011 PM 8698684 ER PT J AU Kapur, K Garrett, N Hamada, M Roumanas, E Freymiller, E Han, T Chen, T Levin, S AF Kapur, K Garrett, N Hamada, M Roumanas, E Freymiller, E Han, T Chen, T Levin, S TI Comparisons between insulin and non-insulin treated diabetic denture wearers. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH DENT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 330 EP 330 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100333 ER PT J AU Garrett, WN Kapur, K Hamada, M Diener, R Freymiller, E Han, T Song, D Levin, S AF Garrett, WN Kapur, K Hamada, M Diener, R Freymiller, E Han, T Song, D Levin, S TI Functional comparisons between insulin and non-insulin treated diabetic denture wearers. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 331 EP 331 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100330 ER PT J AU Kapur, K Garrett, N Chen, T Jochen, D Song, D McFarland, R AF Kapur, K Garrett, N Chen, T Jochen, D Song, D McFarland, R TI Oral function comparisons between diabetic and non-diabetic denture wearers. SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH DENT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 332 EP 332 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80100334 ER PT J AU Paunovich, ED Cornell, JE Saunders, MJ AF Paunovich, ED Cornell, JE Saunders, MJ TI Oral health quality of life inventory: Influence of age and ethnicity SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,RCOHA,HOUSTON,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PY 1996 VL 75 SI SI BP 1776 EP 1776 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TT801 UT WOS:A1996TT80101774 ER PT J AU Klein, RL Leong, GB Silva, JA AF Klein, RL Leong, GB Silva, JA TI Employee sabotage in the workplace: A biopsychosocial model SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; psychiatry; forensic psychiatry; property damage; workplace; sabotage; aggression; violence ID BEHAVIOR; HUMOR; WORK AB Recently, there has been an increased interest in workplace violence. However, the psychiatric literature has paid little, if any attention to the specific subject area of workplace property harm or sabotage by employees. The specific psychology and/or psychopathology of the individual worker may be relevant in the evaluation of sabotage behavior. However, psychosocial factors associated with behavior within organizations and originating in part from the job itself are not likely to be considered in the initial assessment. We therefore introduce concepts from the organizational behavior literature that may facilitate and complement psychiatric evaluation of sabotage in the workplace. These concepts will fill the gap in a biopsychosocial assessment of sabotage in the workplace and provide a nexus for future interdisciplinary studies of workplace property violence. C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,GRAD SCH MANAGEMENT,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV MISSOURI,COLUMBIA,MO. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Klein, RL (reprint author), HARRY S TRUMAN MEM VET HOSP,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,800 HOSP DR,COLUMBIA,MO 65201, USA. NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 41 IS 1 BP 52 EP 55 PG 4 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA UM893 UT WOS:A1996UM89300010 PM 8934699 ER PT J AU Kaufer, DI Cummings, JL Christine, D AF Kaufer, DI Cummings, JL Christine, D TI Effect of tacrine on behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: An open-label study SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHOLINERGIC HYPOTHESIS; SENILE DEMENTIA; DOUBLE-BLIND; TETRAHYDROAMINOACRIDINE; MULTICENTER; MEMORY AB We conducted an open-label study designed to assess the effects of tacrine on behavioral changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Twenty-eight subjects completed a baseline evaluation and at least one assessment during treatment. Behavioral symptoms and cognitive function were assessed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), respectively. The mean NPI score at the maximum individual dose of tacrine attained was markedly decreased (behavior improved, compared to baseline). Symptoms of anxiety, apathy, hallucinations, aberrant motor behaviors, and disinhibition were most responsive. Subject stratification by dementia severity revealed a substantially reduced mean NPI score only in the group with moderate dementia, independent of cognitive response. Over half of the subjects with cognitive improvement had a marked reduction in behavioral symptoms, particularly apathetic behaviors. These data suggest that tacrine may be beneficial for selected behavioral symptoms in AD patients, particularly at higher doses and in those with moderate cognitive deficits. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BEHAV NEUROL SECT,PSYCHIAT SERV,NEUROBEHAV UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 31 TC 177 Z9 180 U1 0 U2 0 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON ON L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 9 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA TY379 UT WOS:A1996TY37900001 PM 8679057 ER PT J AU Brent, GA Zavacki, AM AF Brent, GA Zavacki, AM TI Mutational analysis of the hormone response element in the human alcohol dehydrogenase gene defines features specific for retinoic acid and thyroid hormone response SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ENDOCRINOL SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,PROGRAM BIOMED & BIOL SCI,BOSTON,MA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP A153 EP A153 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA TP690 UT WOS:A1996TP69000818 ER PT J AU Lopez, A Moore, SA Richardson, A AF Lopez, A Moore, SA Richardson, A TI Regulation of adherence-stimulated hsp-70 mRNA expression in alveolar macrophages. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,GRECC,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP A38 EP A38 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA TP690 UT WOS:A1996TP69000213 ER PT J AU Mericq, V Cassorla, F Salazar, T Avila, A Iniguez, G Bowers, CY Merriam, GR AF Mericq, V Cassorla, F Salazar, T Avila, A Iniguez, G Bowers, CY Merriam, GR TI Treatment with GHRP-2 accelerates the growth of GH deficient children SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CHILE, INST INVEST MATERNO INFANTIL, SANTIAGO, 70118, CHILE. TULANE UNIV, SECT ENDOCRINOL & METAB, NEW ORLEANS, LA USA. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST, TACOMA, WA USA. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST, SEATTLE, WA USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SCH MED, TACOMA, WA USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, SCH MED, SEATTLE, WA USA. RI Mericq, Veronica/F-3927-2010 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP A103 EP A103 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA TP690 UT WOS:A1996TP69000549 ER PT J AU Ohta, K Pang, XP Berg, L Pekary, AE Hershman, JM AF Ohta, K Pang, XP Berg, L Pekary, AE Hershman, JM TI Anti-tumor actions of cytokines on new human papillary thyroid carcinoma cell lines SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ENDOCRINE RES LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP A103 EP A103 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA TP690 UT WOS:A1996TP69000553 ER PT J AU Feigin, AM Takemoto, JY Wangspa, R Teeter, JH Brand, JG AF Feigin, AM Takemoto, JY Wangspa, R Teeter, JH Brand, JG TI Properties of voltage-gated ion channels formed by syringomycin E in planar lipid bilayers SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE syringomycin E; ion channels; voltage gating; lipid bilayers ID PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE PHYTOTOXIN; DEPENDENT CHANNELS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; SYRINGOTOXIN; CONDUCTANCE; MECHANISM AB Using the planar lipid bilayer technique we demonstrate that the lipodepsipeptide antibiotic, syringomycin E, forms voltage-sensitive ion channels of weak anion selectivity. The formation of channels in bilayers made from dioleoylglycerophosphatidylserine doped with syringomycin E at one side (1-40 mu g/ml) was greatly affected by cis-positive voltage. A change of voltage from a positive to a negative value resulted in (i) an abrupt increase in the single channel conductance (the rate of increase was voltage dependent) simultaneous with (ii) a closing of these channels and an exponential decrease in macroscopic conductance over time. The strong voltage dependence of multichannel steady state conductance, the single channel conductance, the rate of opening of channels at positive voltages and closing them at negative voltages, as well as the observed abrupt increase of single channel conductance after voltage sign reversal suggest that the change of the transmembrane field induces a significant rearrangement of syringomycin E channels, including a change in the spacing of charged groups that function as voltage sensors. The conductance induced by syringomycin E increased with the sixth power of syringomycin E concentration suggesting that at least six monomers are required for channel formation. C1 UTAH STATE UNIV,LOGAN,UT 84322. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Feigin, AM (reprint author), MONELL CHEM SENSES CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Takemoto, Jon/A-5309-2011 OI Takemoto, Jon/0000-0001-9919-9168 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-01838, DC-00356] NR 24 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0022-2631 J9 J MEMBRANE BIOL JI J. Membr. Biol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 149 IS 1 BP 41 EP 47 DI 10.1007/s002329900005 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Physiology GA TQ969 UT WOS:A1996TQ96900005 PM 8825527 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI Snider, EC Cacciola, JS May, DJ Parikh, G Maany, I Rosenbaum, PR AF Alterman, AI Snider, EC Cacciola, JS May, DJ Parikh, G Maany, I Rosenbaum, PR TI A quasi-experimental comparison of the effectiveness of 6- versus 12-hour per week outpatient treatments for cocaine dependence SO JOURNAL OF NERVOUS AND MENTAL DISEASE LA English DT Article ID SEVERITY; ABUSERS C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV PENN,WHARTON SCH,DEPT STAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Alterman, AI (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,TREATMENT RES CTR,3900 CHESTNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Rosenbaum, Paul/H-8687-2012 FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-05858, DA05186] NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3018 J9 J NERV MENT DIS JI J. Nerv. Ment. Dis. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 184 IS 1 BP 54 EP 56 DI 10.1097/00005053-199601000-00010 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA TR860 UT WOS:A1996TR86000009 PM 8551291 ER PT J AU Dy, RC Kumar, R Scremin, OU AF Dy, RC Kumar, R Scremin, OU TI Clinical outcomes of dysphagia in elderly patients with cerebrovascular accident SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGIC REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE cerebrovascular accident; dysphagia; videofluoroscopic study AB Dysphagia is a common complication for patients after cerebrovascular accident (CVA). The present study was done to determine the clinical outcome of dysphagia after CVA. The study also correlated the clinical outcome with the initial severity and location of the lesion. Method: A retrospective analysis of the videofluoroscopic study of patients who had clinical suspicion of dysphagia after stroke was performed. Forty-three patients met the inclusion criteria. All the patients included were 60 years of age or older with mean +/- SD of 70.09 +/- 8.69. The stroke diagnosis and location were documented by neuroimaging. Statistical analysis was done to determine whether initial severity of dysphagia, location of stroke, and age were predictive of dysphagia recovery. Results: The anatomical location of the lesion was predictive of dysphagia improvement. The highest incidence of improvement was noted in cortical stroke (65%), lowest in multiple strokes (12.5%), and intermediate values for subcortical (31%) and brainstem (20%) strokes (chi (2): 8.17; p < 0.0427). Initial severity of dysphagia and age was not predictive of improvement. There was a trend for increased risk of aspiration in patients with multi pie strokes, but this did not reach statistical significance. Conclusion: Improvement of dysphagia secondary to stroke is related to the anatomical location of the lesion, with better recovery in single cortical strokes and worse in multiple strokes. Improvement of dysphagia is not related to age or initial severity of dysphagia. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Multicampus Fellowship Program Geriatr & Gerontol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU DEMOS MEDICAL PUBLISHING PI NEW YORK PA 386 PARK AVE SOUTH, STE 201, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0888-4390 J9 J NEUROL REHABIL JI J. Neurol. Rehabil. PY 1996 VL 10 IS 4 BP 217 EP 222 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA V3055 UT WOS:000169571000002 ER PT J AU Parker, JA Wallis, JW Halama, JR Brown, CV Cradduck, TD Graham, MM Wu, E Wagenaar, DJ Mammone, GL Greenes, RA Holman, BL AF Parker, JA Wallis, JW Halama, JR Brown, CV Cradduck, TD Graham, MM Wu, E Wagenaar, DJ Mammone, GL Greenes, RA Holman, BL TI Collaboration using Internet for the development of case-based teaching files: Report of the computer and instrumentation council Internet focus group SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE teaching files; Internet AB The Internet and particularly the World-Wide-Web is becoming a useful tool for the nuclear medicine community. Methods: The Computer and Instrumentation Council of the Society of Nuclear Medicine convened an Internet Focus group to discuss collaboration using the Internet. The prototype application considered was development of case-based teaching files using the World-Wide-Web. Teaching file cases (clinical history, images, description of findings and discussion) on World-Wide-Web servers at different institutions are integrated using the Internet. The user can navigate from case to case using point-and-click hypertext linking. Results: The initial experience with collaboration has been encouraging. An etiquette to help foster collaboration has been proposed. Development of quality control mechanisms and introduction of peer review were identified as issues needing further work. Conclusion: The World-Wide-Web offers great potential for new forms of collaboration. There is, however, a need to learn how to make best use of this new resource. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,MALLINCKRODT INST RADIOL,ST LOUIS,MO. LOYOLA UNIV,MED CTR,MAYWOOD,IL 60153. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,LONDON,ON,CANADA. WASHINGTON UNIV,SEATTLE,WA. FRANCIS A COUNTWAY LIB MED,BOSTON,MA. BRIGHAM & WOMENS HOSP,HARVARD MED SCH,BOSTON,MA 02115. RP Parker, JA (reprint author), BETH ISRAEL HOSP,DIV NUCL MED,HARVARD MED SCH,330 BROOKLINE AVE,BOSTON,MA 02215, USA. NR 27 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 37 IS 1 BP 178 EP 184 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TP052 UT WOS:A1996TP05200038 PM 8543991 ER PT J AU Arnason, JA Patel, AK Rahko, PS Sundstrom, WR AF Arnason, JA Patel, AK Rahko, PS Sundstrom, WR TI Transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiographic evaluation of the aortic root and subvalvular structures in ankylosing spondylitis SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ankylosing spondylitis; cardiac disease; aortic insufficiency; transesophageal echocardiography ID ABNORMALITIES; REGURGITATION AB Objective. During the preclinical phase of cardiac involvement in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), examination, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) may lack the sensitivity to detect cardiac abnormalities. Since transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) allows a closer view of the aortic root and subvalvular structures we investigated whether preclinical abnormalities of the aortic root and subvalvular structures could be detected. Methods. Clinical and echocardiographic (TTE and TEE) evaluation of 29 male patients with AS and 13 age matched controls. Results. No patient with AS had a high degree heart block. Aortic root dimensions were comparable between the study groups, but the anterior aortic wall was thinner in patients with AS than controls, 0.25 and 0.41 cm, respectively (p = 0.016). The posterior aortic wall was thicker and subjectively more echogenic than the anterior wall in 17/29 patients with AS compared to 4/13 controls. Aortic valve insufficiency was detected with TEE in 10/29 patients with AS. In 8/9 patients with AS studied with TEE, the subaortic structures were thickened and/or of increased echogenicity. This abnormal echo extended into the membranous septum. Conclusion. Abnormal subvalvular echoes consistent with fibrosis of the aortic root and membranous interventricular septum were detected with TEE but not TTE, The use of TEE may allow earlier diagnosis of cardiac involvement in AS. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,RHEUMATOL SECT,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI. UNIV WISCONSIN HOSP & CLIN,MADISON,WI. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO ON M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 23 IS 1 BP 120 EP 123 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA TN514 UT WOS:A1996TN51400021 PM 8838519 ER PT J AU DamronRodriguez, JA AF DamronRodriguez, JA TI International handbook on services for the elderly - Kosberg,JI SO JOURNAL OF SOCIAL SERVICE RESEARCH LA English DT Book Review RP DamronRodriguez, JA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GRECC,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 SN 0148-8376 J9 J SOC SERV RES JI J. Soc. Serv. Res. PY 1996 VL 21 IS 3 BP 73 EP 74 DI 10.1300/J079v21n03_05 PG 2 WC Social Work SC Social Work GA UY943 UT WOS:A1996UY94300005 ER PT J AU Krahn, D Piper, D King, M Olson, L Kurth, C Moberg, DP AF Krahn, D Piper, D King, M Olson, L Kurth, C Moberg, DP TI Dieting in sixth grade predicts alcohol use in ninth grade SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE LA English DT Article ID BULIMIA-NERVOSA; ANOREXIA-NERVOSA; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; WOMEN; ADOLESCENTS; DISORDER; DEPRESSION; BEHAVIOR AB Recent studies of community-based populations have shown that the comorbidity seen in clinical studies of individuals with eating disorders and substance abuse extends in a graded manner to subclinical levels of each dysfunction as well as to adolescent populations. We hypothesized that frequency of dieting in the sixth grade would predict later alcohol use in middle school students. Data from 1,905 participants in a middle school health promotion project were analyzed We found a positive, graded relationship between the frequency of dieting in the sixth grade and the frequency of alcohol intake in the ninth grade. We also found that frequency of dieting in sixth grade was a more powerful predictor of future drinking than such parameters as others' approval of alcohol use, perceptions of peer use of alcohol, and personal feelings of shyness and self-satisfaction. Implications of these findings are discussed. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. RP Krahn, D (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 27 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 5 PU ABLEX PUBL CORP PI NORWOOD PA 355 CHESTNUT ST, NORWOOD, NJ 07648 SN 0899-3289 J9 J SUBST ABUSE JI J. SUBST. ABUSE PY 1996 VL 8 IS 3 BP 293 EP 301 DI 10.1016/S0899-3289(96)90161-3 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA VU219 UT WOS:A1996VU21900002 PM 8934435 ER PT J AU Yoshikawa, TT Norman, DC AF Yoshikawa, TT Norman, DC TI Approach to fever and infection in the nursing home SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TERM-CARE FACILITY; URINARY-TRACT INFECTION; LONG-TERM; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE; ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; ASYMPTOMATIC BACTERIURIA; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; CLINICAL-FEATURES; ELDERLY PATIENTS; BACTEREMIA AB OBJECTIVE: To summarize current information on the scope, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, and general management of infectious diseases in nursing home residents, as well as the specific treatment of common infections occurring in the nursing home setting. DESIGN: Survey and literature review of the diagnostic and therapeutic problems of nursing home residents with infections. CONCLUSIONS: Older persons residing in nursing homes as well as other types of long-term care facilities are at increased risk for infections. Moreover, infection is the most frequent reason for patients to be transferred from nursing homes to an acute-care facility. The most common infections that are acquired in nursing homes are urinary tract infection (cystitis pyelonephritis), respiratory infections (pneumonia, bronchitis), and skin/soft tissue infections (infected pressure ulcers, cellulitis). Most serious infections in this setting are caused by bacteria; however, influenza and other respiratory viruses as well as herpes tester may cause significant morbidity in older nursing home residents. Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects nursing home residents at a higher rate than it infects older community dwellers. Infections in older nursing home residents may manifest clinically, with atypical symptoms and signs, including the absence of fever. Rapid diagnostic evaluation and early therapeutic intervention are essential for minimizing the high mortality and morbidity associated with infections in this older population; most nursing home residents with serious infections should be considered for hospitalization. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN CTR W11-G,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP Yoshikawa, TT (reprint author), CHARLES R DREW UNIV MED & SCI,DEPT INTERNAL MED MP-11,KING DREW MED CTR,12021 S WILMINGTON AVE,LOS ANGELES,CA 90059, USA. NR 87 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 44 IS 1 BP 74 EP 82 PG 9 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA TP328 UT WOS:A1996TP32800013 PM 8537596 ER PT J AU Marx, MV Williams, DM Perkins, AJ Reynolds, PI Nelson, VS Andrews, JC Bushey, LN AF Marx, MV Williams, DM Perkins, AJ Reynolds, PI Nelson, VS Andrews, JC Bushey, LN TI Percutaneous feeding tube placement in pediatric patients: Immediate and 30-day results SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR AND INTERVENTIONAL RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE children, gastrointestinal tract; feeding tube; gastrostomy; interventional procedures, in infants and children ID ANTERIOR GASTRIC WALL; NYLON T-FASTENER; ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY; GASTROJEJUNOSTOMY; GASTROENTEROSTOMY; EXPERIENCE; CHILDREN; FIXATION AB PURPOSE: To evaluate fluoroscopically guided percutaneous feeding tube placement in pediatric patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one procedures were performed, Periprocedural care protocol was changed after patient nine. Forty-eight-hour and 30-day outcomes were assessed. RESULTS: Almost 97% of procedures were successful, The 48-hour major and minor complication rates were 1.9% and 9.6%, respectively, after the initial nine procedures. Risk factors for early complications were the use of the initial care protocol (P < .01) and patient weight below the 50th percentile (P < .05). Major and minor 30-day complication rates were 8.3% and 12.0%, respectively. Risk factors for delayed complications were placement of a gastrojejunostomy tube rather than a gastrostomy tube (P < .05) and immunosuppression (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous feeding tubes can be placed in children with a high rate of technical success. Optimal results require attention to periprocedural care. Morbidity is common during the first month of tube use. C1 UNIV MICHIGAN HOSP,DEPT ANESTHESIOL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV MICHIGAN HOSP,DEPT PHYS MED & REHABIL,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HLTH SERV RES & DEV FIELD PROGRAM,ANN ARBOR,MI. RP Marx, MV (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN HOSP,DEPT RADIOL,1500 E MED CTR DR,BOX 0030,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 1051-0443 J9 J VASC INTERV RADIOL JI J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1996 VL 7 IS 1 BP 107 EP 115 DI 10.1016/S1051-0443(96)70745-5 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA UQ437 UT WOS:A1996UQ43700020 PM 8773984 ER PT J AU Ershler, WB AF Ershler, WB TI Editorial policy statement SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material RP Ershler, WB (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,GRECC,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,DEPT MED,SECT GERIATR,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 51 IS 1 BP M1 EP M1 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA TP043 UT WOS:A1996TP04300016 ER PT J AU Schreiber, M Schlanger, LE Chen, CB LessanPezeshki, M Halperin, ML Patnaik, A Ling, BN Kleyman, TR AF Schreiber, M Schlanger, LE Chen, CB LessanPezeshki, M Halperin, ML Patnaik, A Ling, BN Kleyman, TR TI Antikaliuretic action of trimethoprim is minimized by raising urine pH SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID TRANSTUBULAR POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION; HYPERKALEMIA; CHANNELS AB This study was designed to test the hypothesis that the antikaliuresis caused by trimethoprim could be diminished by alkalinizing the luminal fluid in the CCD, thereby converting trimethoprim from its cationic, active form to an electroneutral, inactive form. Timethoprim-induced inhibition of transepithelial Na+ transport was examined in A6 distal nephron cells by analysis of short circuit current. The voltage-dependence of the trimethoprim-induced block of Na+ channels was examined with patch clamp recordings of A6 cells. The antikaliuretic effect of trimethoprim was examined in vivo in rats pretreated with desoxycorticosterone and with NH4Cl to lower urine pH, and in rats also receiving acetazoiamide to raise urine pH. We found that the concentration of trimethoprim required to inhibit the amiloride sensitive component of short circuit current by 50% (IC50) was 340 mu M (at pH 8.2) and 50 mu M (at pH 6.3). The IC(50)s of protonated trimethoprim were similar (34 mu M at PH 8.2 and 45 mu M at pH 6.3). The mean time open for the high selectivity, Na+ channel was reduced from 1679 +/- 387 msec to 502 +/- 98 msec with addition of 10(-5) M trimethoprim to patch pipette solution at the resting membrane potential (-V-pipette = 0 mV). Further decreases in mean time open were observed as -V-pipette was reduced (that is, apical membrane hyperpolarization) to -40 mV (mean time open = 217 +/- 85 msec) and to -80 mV (mean time open = 69 +/- 13 msec). In vivo, trimethoprim caused a > 50% reduction in potassium (K+) excretion due primarily to a fall in the [K+] in the lumen of the terminal CCD. This effect of trimethoprim was markedly attenuated in an alkaline urine induced by acetazolamide. We conclude that it is the charged, protonated species of trimethoprim which blocks epithelial Na+ channels. Increasing urinary pH decreases the concentration of the charged species of trimethoprim and minimizes its antikaliuretic effect. C1 UNIV TORONTO,ST MICHAELS HOSP,DEPT MED,TORONTO,ON M5B 1A6,CANADA. EMORY UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV RENAL,ATLANTA,GA 30322. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ATLANTA,GA. UNIV PENN,DEPT MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,DEPT PHYSIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [T32-DK07656, K08-DK02111] NR 29 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 49 IS 1 BP 82 EP 87 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.11 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA TM411 UT WOS:A1996TM41100011 PM 8770952 ER PT J AU Pahl, M Jara, A Bover, J Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ AF Pahl, M Jara, A Bover, J Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ TI The set point of calcium and the reduction of parathyroid hormone in hemodialysis patients SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; RENAL-FAILURE; INTRAVENOUS CALCITRIOL; SIGMOIDAL RELATIONSHIP; GLAND FUNCTION; BONE-DISEASE; SUPPRESSION; CALCITONIN; SECRETION; DIALYSIS AB Since in some studies in hemodialysis patients calcitriol treatment has resulted in a reduction of both parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels and the set point of calcium, it has been suggested that the set point of calcium reflects a reduction in the magnitude of hyperparathyroidism. However, others have maintained that the set point of calcium is primarily an indicator of the serum calcium at which PTH is secreted and may be dissociated from the magnitude of hyperparathyroidism. The present study was designed to evaluate how a reduction in PTH levels associated with an increase in the predialysis (basal) serum calcium would affect the set point of calcium. Two different treatments were used to produce a reduction in PTH that was associated with an increase in predialysis serum calcium. In the first group, hemodialysis patients received 2 mu g of intravenous calcitriol and were dialyzed with a 3.5 mEq/liter calcium dialysate for six weeks; in the second group, hemodialysis patients were dialyzed with a 4 mEq/liter calcium dialysate and had oral calcium supplementation increased for six weeks. In both groups, low and high calcium studies were performed to determine the PTH-calcium relationship before treatment, at the end of six weeks of treatment, and six weeks after the discontinuation of treatment. In the calcitriol group, the predialysis calcium increased from 9.62 +/- 0.34 to 10.56 +/- 0.31 mg/dl, P < 0.05 and the set point of calcium increased from 9.34 +/- 0.23 to 9.79 +/- 0.25 mg/dl, P < 0.05 at the same time as maximally stimulated PTH decreased from 2637 +/- 687 to 1555 +/- 617 pg/ml, P < 0.05. In the high calcium dialysate group, the predialysis serum calcium increased from 9.19 +/- 0.31 to 9.84 +/- 0.28 mg/dl, P < 0.05, and set point of calcium increased from 9.01 +/- 0.28 to 9.39 +/- 0.22 mg/dl, P < 0.05 at the same time as maximally stimulated PTH decreased from 1642 +/- 450 to 1349 +/- 513 pg/ml, P < 0.05. Discontinuation of treatment for six weeks resulted in a return to pretreatment values. In conclusion, our results would suggest that (1) the set point of calcium may not be a reliable indicator of the magnitude of hyperparathyroidism during calcitriol treatment, and (2) PTH secretion may adapt to the ambient serum calcium concentration. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT MED,NEPHROL SECT W111L,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DEPT MED,IRVINE,CA 92717. HOSP REINA SOFIA,UNIT INVEST,CORDOBA,SPAIN. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 31 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 49 IS 1 BP 226 EP 231 DI 10.1038/ki.1996.31 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA TM411 UT WOS:A1996TM41100031 PM 8770972 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, A Atkinson, D Klitzner, TS Perloff, J Drinkwater, D Laks, H AF Duerinckx, A Atkinson, D Klitzner, TS Perloff, J Drinkwater, D Laks, H TI MR imaging of surgical complications of systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunts SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging; MRI; cardiac imaging; breathhold MRI; congenital heart disease; surgery; shunts; aneurysm; shunt leak ID BLALOCK-TAUSSIG SHUNT; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CORONARY-ARTERIES; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ANGIOGRAPHY; ATRESIA; AORTA; HEART; ECHO AB Patients with a systemic-to-pulmonary artery shunt and positive findings on traditional imaging modalities such as chest X-ray, echocardiography, or cardiac angiography often can benefit from additional noninvasive imaging with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Diagnostic dilemmas encountered include: pseudoaneurysms, contained fluid collection (seroma) surrounding a shunt, and stenosis of the shunt anastomoses. MRI studies using traditional cardiac-triggered spin-echo (SE) imaging and the newer breathhold MRI studies with k-space segmented gradient-recalled echo (GRE) imaging can greatly help resolve diagnostic dilemmas, By combining different MR imaging techniques it becomes possible to clearly distinguish between pseudoaneurysms and seroma, to exclude an active leak and to sometimes visualize the distal anastomosis with more precision than conventional angiography, MRI is often able to add information needed for clinical decision making prior to surgical repair. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Inc. RP Duerinckx, A (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,MAIL ROUTE W114,MRI,BLD 507,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. RI Atkinson, Dennis/N-5238-2015 OI Atkinson, Dennis/0000-0001-7393-7505 NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0730-725X J9 MAGN RESON IMAGING JI Magn. Reson. Imaging PY 1996 VL 14 IS 9 BP 1099 EP 1105 DI 10.1016/S0730-725X(96)00112-9 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA WG847 UT WOS:A1996WG84700013 PM 9071002 ER PT J AU Kao, YH Sorenson, JA Winkler, SS AF Kao, YH Sorenson, JA Winkler, SS TI MR image segmentation using vector decomposition and probability techniques: A general model and its application to dual-echo images SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE segmentation; volume measurement; fractional volume; image processing ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE IMAGES; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID VOLUMES; FAISE METHOD; MULTISPECTRAL ANALYSIS; GRAY-MATTER; NOISE; SEQUENCES; BRAIN; CONNECTIVITY; ALGORITHM AB A general model is developed for segmenting magnetic resonance images using vector decomposition and probability techniques. Each voxel is assigned fractional volumes of q tissues from p differently weighted images (q less than or equal to p + 1) in the presence of partial-volume mixing, random noise, and other tissues. Compared with the eigenimage method, fewer differently weighted images are needed for segmenting the q tissues, and the contrast-to-noise ratio in the calculated fractional volumes is improved. The model can produce composite tissue-type images similar to that of the probability methods, by comparing the fractional volumes assigned to different tissues on each voxel. A three-tissue (p = 2, q = 3) model is illustrated for segmenting three tissues from dual-echo images, It provides statistical analysis to the algebraic method. A three-compartment phantom is segmented for validation. Two clinical examples are presented. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT RADIOL,MADISON,WI 53706. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,MADISON,NJ. RP Kao, YH (reprint author), DUKE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,ROOM 129,BRYAN RES BLDG,BOX 3302,DURHAM,NC 27710, USA. NR 46 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0740-3194 J9 MAGNET RESON MED JI Magn.Reson.Med. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 35 IS 1 BP 114 EP 125 DI 10.1002/mrm.1910350115 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TN368 UT WOS:A1996TN36800014 PM 8771029 ER PT J AU Burgess, JF Wilson, PW AF Burgess, JF Wilson, PW TI Hospital ownership and technical inefficiency SO MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DEA; distance functions; efficiency; contract failure; ownership structure ID EFFICIENCY; INCENTIVES; MODEL; FIRMS AB The theoretical industrial organization literature cites varying factors which might influence the degree of technical efficiency achieved under different ownership structures in the US hospital industry. Unfortunately, this literature offers no consensus regarding the net direction and magnitude of these various effects. This study analyzes the four types of ownership structure in the US hospital industry-private nonprofit, private for-profit, federal, and state and local government. Distance functions are used to measure technical efficiency of hospitals producing multiple outputs relative to other hospitals in the sample, allowing comparisons among the different ownership types. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ECON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Burgess, JF (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MANAGEMENT SCI GRP 518MSG,BEDFORD,MA 01730, USA. NR 38 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 4 U2 14 PU INST OPERATIONS RESEARCH MANAGEMENT SCIENCES PI LINTHICUM HTS PA 901 ELKRIDGE LANDING RD, STE 400, LINTHICUM HTS, MD 21090-2909 SN 0025-1909 J9 MANAGE SCI JI Manage. Sci. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 42 IS 1 BP 110 EP 123 DI 10.1287/mnsc.42.1.110 PG 14 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA UE441 UT WOS:A1996UE44100008 ER PT J AU Coburn, JW Tan, AU Levine, BS Mazess, RB Kyllo, DM Knutson, JC Bishop, CW AF Coburn, JW Tan, AU Levine, BS Mazess, RB Kyllo, DM Knutson, JC Bishop, CW TI 1 alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D2: A new look at an 'old' compound SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ISN Satellite Seville Symposium on Renal Bone Disease, Parathyroid Hormone and Vitamin-D CY JUL 07-11, 1995 CL SEVILLE, SPAIN DE 1 alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D-2; haemodialysis; hyperparathyroidism; renal osteodystrophy; vitamin D ID CALCIUM-METABOLISM; VITAMIN-D; POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS; RATS; 1-ALPHA-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D2; 1-ALPHA-HYDROXYCHOLECALCIFEROL; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM AB Calcitriol is effective in suppressing PTH levels in haemodialysis patients with hyperparathyroidism but has a low therapeutic index. There is a search for other vitamin D sterols that suppress PTH but cause less hypercalcaemia. We review evidence that 1 alpha-hydroxy-vitamin D-2 (1 alpha-D-2) may be an effective and safer alternative to calcitriol. In vitamin D-deficient rats, 1 alpha-D-2 is equipotent to 1 alpha-D-3, which is converted to calcitriol before it acts; but, in normal rats, 1 alpha-D-2 is much less toxic at high doses. In osteopenia models, either steroid-induced or following ovariectomy, 1 alpha-D-2 is equal to or more effective than 1 alpha-D-3 in preventing bone loss but causes less hypercalciuria. Studies in osteoporotic women reveal minimal hypercalciuria with 1 alpha-D-2 at doses up to 4 mu g/day, data suggesting greater safety than reported with calcitriol or 1 alpha-D-3. Preliminary data in haemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism demonstrate the efficacy of 1 alpha-D-2 in suppressing PTH levels with minimal untoward effects on serum Ca and no effects on serum P. Taken together, these observations suggest that 1 alpha-D-2 deserves strong consideration as a therapeutic agent for secondary hyperparathyroidism associated with end-stage renal disease. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEPHROL SECT,RES SERV,WADSWORTH DIV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. LUNAR CORP INC,MADISON,WI. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Coburn, JW (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEPHROL SECT,MED SERV,WADSWORTH DIV,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 24 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PY 1996 VL 11 SU 3 BP 153 EP 157 PG 5 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA UZ945 UT WOS:A1996UZ94500031 PM 8840332 ER PT J AU Mega, MS Cummings, JL Fiorello, T Gornbein, J AF Mega, MS Cummings, JL Fiorello, T Gornbein, J TI The spectrum of behavioral changes in Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; SENILE DEMENTIA; PREDICTORS; SCALE; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; HALLUCINATIONS; TROUBLESOME; DISTURBANCE; DEPRESSION; DELUSIONS AB We investigated the range of behavioral abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared with normal age-matched control subjects. The range of behavioral disturbances manifested and the relationship between specific abnormalities with the level of cognitive impairment have not been established. Fifty consecutive outpatients with mild (n = 17), moderate (n = 20), and severe (n = 13) AD and 40 age-matched nor mal controls were evaluated for behavioral abnormalities occurring in the month preceding the interview. The caregivers of the patients and the spouses of the control subjects were interviewed with the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). The frequency and severity of the following 10 behaviors were assessed: delusions, hallucinations, agitation, dysphoria, anxiety, euphoria, apathy, disinhibition, irritability, and aberrant motor behavior. Correlations among these 10 behaviors and their relationship with cognitive impairment were also investigated. Eighty-eight percent of AD patients had measurable behavioral changes. All 10 behaviors were significantly increased in the AD patients compared with normal subjects. The most common behavior was apathy, which was exhibited by 72% of patients, followed by agitation (60%), anxiety (48%), irritability (42%), dysphoria and aberrant motor behavior (both 38%), disinhibition (36%), delusions (22%), and hallucinations (10%). Agitation, dysphoria, apathy, and aberrant motor behavior were significantly correlated with cognitive impairment. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT BIOMATH,BIOMATH CONSULTING UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 10123] NR 51 TC 625 Z9 641 U1 3 U2 36 PU LITTLE BROWN CO PI BOSTON PA 34 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, MA 02108-1493 SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JAN PY 1996 VL 46 IS 1 BP 130 EP 135 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA TR671 UT WOS:A1996TR67100028 PM 8559361 ER PT J AU Granholm, E Marder, SR Asarnow, RF AF Granholm, E Marder, SR Asarnow, RF TI Dual-task performance operating characteristics, resource limitations, and automatic processing in schizophrenia SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Society-for-Research-in-Psychopathology Meeting CY NOV, 1992 CL PALM SPRINGS, CA SP Soc Res Psychopathol ID INFORMATION; MEDICATION; RESPONSES; CAPACITY AB Performance on a multiple-frame search task (MFST) was investigated in 18 schizophrenia patients and 19 nonpsychiatric controls. Three of 4 indices indicated automation of visual detection responses in both groups on the MFST. In dual-task conditions (MFST during reaction time tasks), the schizophrenia patients showed greater dual-task RT slowing than controls, suggesting reduced resource availability in schizophrenia patients. Performance operating characteristic representations also indicated greater resource limitations in schizophrenia patients but showed similar allocation policy in both groups. The results suggest that schizophrenia patients have reduced availability of processing resources, which is not likely to be due to faulty resource allocation. However, these data do not confidently resolve whether schizophrenia patients reach a normal level of automation. Implications for frontal-subcortical models of schizophrenia are discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PSYCHIAT,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Granholm, E (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHOL SERV 116B,3350 LA JOLLA VILLAGE DR,SAN DIEGO,CA 92161, USA. RI Granholm, Eric/P-7680-2014 NR 34 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 SN 0894-4105 J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY JI Neuropsychology PD JAN PY 1996 VL 10 IS 1 BP 11 EP 21 DI 10.1037//0894-4105.10.1.11 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA TN430 UT WOS:A1996TN43000002 ER PT J AU Salloway, S Cummings, J AF Salloway, S Cummings, J TI Subcortical structures and neuropsychiatric illness SO NEUROSCIENTIST LA English DT Article DE neuropsychiatry; subcortical structures; ventral striatum ID OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER; PARAMEDIAN THALAMIC INFARCTION; FRONTAL-LOBE DYSFUNCTION; BASAL GANGLIA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; BEHAVIORAL-CHANGES; TOURETTES-SYNDROME; DEPRESSION; CAUDATE AB Subcortical structures play an important role in modulating mood, drive, memory, executive functions, and cognitive timing, Subcortical structures are intimately linked with the frontal lobe and limbic system. Key subcortical structures regulating behavior include the caudate nucleus, the ventral striatum, the ventral pallidum, and the dorsomedial and reticular nuclei of the thalamus. Some degenerative diseases affect subcortical nuclear and white matter structures, causing involuntary movements and abnormal behavior. Primary psychiatric illnesses, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder, have been proposed to arise from dysfunction in the frontostriatal-thalamic circuits. The neuroanatomical and neurochemical organization of these subcortical systems mediating complex behaviors and the interactions between behavioral and motor systems are increasingly well understood. Undoubtedly, our newer understanding of subcortical systems will help us to unravel the pathophysiology of some neuropsychiatric disorders. C1 BROWN UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT CLIN NEUROSCI & PSYCHIAT & HUMAN BEHAV, BUTLER HOSP,DEPT NEUROL, PROVIDENCE, RI 02912 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, SCH MED, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, BEHAV NEUROSCI SECT, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1073-8584 J9 NEUROSCIENTIST JI Neuroscientist PD JAN PY 1996 VL 2 IS 1 BP 66 EP 75 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA UV100 UT WOS:A1996UV10000015 ER PT B AU Duerinckx, AJ Hayrapetian, A Valentino, DJ Grant, EG Rahbar, D Kiszonas, M Franco, R Shimabuku, GH Hagan, G Melany, M Narin, S Ragavendra, N AF Duerinckx, AJ Hayrapetian, A Valentino, DJ Grant, EG Rahbar, D Kiszonas, M Franco, R Shimabuku, GH Hagan, G Melany, M Narin, S Ragavendra, N BE Jost, RG Dwyer, SJ TI Assessment of asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) networks for regional teleradiology SO PACS DESIGN AND EVALUATION: ENGINEERING AND CLINICAL ISSUES - MEDICAL IMAGING 1996 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Medical Imaging Symposium on PACS Design and Evaluation - Engineering and Clinical Issues CY FEB 13-15, 1996 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Amer Assoc Physicists Med, Amer Physiol Soc, US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Natl Elect Manufacturers Assoc, Diagnost Imaging & Therapy Syst Div, Radiol Informat Syst Consortium, Radiol Soc N Amer, Soc Comp Applicat Radiol DE ATM; PACS; radiology; teleconferencing; ultrasound C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2086-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2711 BP 61 EP 70 DI 10.1117/12.239298 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BF84P UT WOS:A1996BF84P00009 ER PT B AU Duerinckx, AJ Hayrapetian, A Grant, EG Valentino, DJ Rahbar, D Kiszonas, M Franco, R Melany, M Narin, SI Ragavendra, N AF Duerinckx, AJ Hayrapetian, A Grant, EG Valentino, DJ Rahbar, D Kiszonas, M Franco, R Melany, M Narin, SI Ragavendra, N BE Jost, RG Dwyer, SJ TI Impact of ultrasound video transfer on the practice of ultrasound SO PACS DESIGN AND EVALUATION: ENGINEERING AND CLINICAL ISSUES - MEDICAL IMAGING 1996 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Medical Imaging Symposium on PACS Design and Evaluation - Engineering and Clinical Issues CY FEB 13-15, 1996 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Amer Assoc Physicists Med, Amer Physiol Soc, US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Natl Elect Manufacturers Assoc, Diagnost Imaging & Therapy Syst Div, Radiol Informat Syst Consortium, Radiol Soc N Amer, Soc Comp Applicat Radiol DE ATM; PACS; ultrasound; clinical; education C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2086-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2711 BP 168 EP 179 DI 10.1117/12.239245 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BF84P UT WOS:A1996BF84P00020 ER PT B AU Duerinckx, AJ Grant, EG Melany, M Narin, SL Hayrapetian, A Valentino, DJ AF Duerinckx, AJ Grant, EG Melany, M Narin, SL Hayrapetian, A Valentino, DJ BE Jost, RG Dwyer, SJ TI Enhancement of resident education in sonography using high speed PACS/ATM image transmission: Work-in-progress SO PACS DESIGN AND EVALUATION: ENGINEERING AND CLINICAL ISSUES - MEDICAL IMAGING 1996 SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1996 Medical Imaging Symposium on PACS Design and Evaluation - Engineering and Clinical Issues CY FEB 13-15, 1996 CL NEWPORT BEACH, CA SP Soc Photo Opt Instrumentat Engineers, Amer Assoc Physicists Med, Amer Physiol Soc, US FDA, Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Natl Elect Manufacturers Assoc, Diagnost Imaging & Therapy Syst Div, Radiol Informat Syst Consortium, Radiol Soc N Amer, Soc Comp Applicat Radiol DE ATM; PACS; ultrasound; teaching; radiology resident; computer conference C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SERV RADIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE - INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 BN 0-8194-2086-7 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1996 VL 2711 BP 185 EP 193 DI 10.1117/12.239247 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BF84P UT WOS:A1996BF84P00022 ER PT J AU Perell, K Scremin, A Scremin, O Kunkel, C AF Perell, K Scremin, A Scremin, O Kunkel, C TI Quantifying muscle tone in spinal cord injury patients using isokinetic dynamometric techniques SO PARAPLEGIA LA English DT Article DE muscle tone; spinal cord injury; isokinetic dynamometer ID SPASTICITY AB The torque generated during a passive movement of the knee joint was used to quantify muscle tone in normal able-bodied subjects and spastic and flaccid spinal cord injury (SCI) subjects using a computerized isokinetic dynamometer. Maximum peak (T-max) and the sum of four consecutive peaks (T-sum) were calculated for each velocity (30, 60, 120 degrees/s) and for each phase (flexing or extending) separately and compared statistically using a one-way ANOVA, Statistical significance between groups was found in T-max FLEXION (FLX) at 60 and 120 degrees/3. Scheffe's tests revealed that the spastic group was significantly less than both the flaccid and normal groups, although the flaccid and normal groups were not significantly different from each other. The slopes of the linear regression curve of the torque-velocity data were found and compared statistically using a t-test for parallelism. In all parameters, the data increased in a linear fashion with increasing velocity of knee motion. The slope of the regression curve for the spastic group was significantly lower than that of the normal group for T-max and was significantly lower than that of the flaccid group for T(sum)significantly lower than that of the flaccid group for Tsum while the slopes for the flaccid and normal groups were not significantly different. The ability of the entire set of variables to classify subjects into three groups (normal, spastic, and flaccid) was tested using discriminant analysis. By taking into account 7 of the 12 original variables, this multivariate technique correctly classified 100% of the spastic, 90% of the normal, but only 67% of the flaccid subjects. Separation of observations was between spastic and normal subjects was good, except for only one case. This feature could be useful when dealing with assessment of individual responses to therapeutic interventions aimed at modification of spasticity. RP Perell, K (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHYS MED & REHABIL SERV 117,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 14 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND RG21 6XS SN 0031-1758 J9 PARAPLEGIA JI Paraplegia PD JAN PY 1996 VL 34 IS 1 BP 46 EP 53 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA TR515 UT WOS:A1996TR51500010 PM 8848323 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD TI Indomethacin does not alter the effect of pentagastrin on rat gastric defense mechanisms SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE mucosal blood flow; gastric mucus; intracellular pH; stomach; intracellular dyes; pentagastrin; mucosal defense mechanisms; indomethacin ID MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW; INTRACELLULAR PH; ACID-SECRETION; MUCUS GLYCOPROTEIN; PROSTAGLANDINS; STIMULATION; THICKNESS; CELL; EXCHANGE; INVIVO AB We studied the effect of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor, indomethacin, on pentagastrin-associated enhancements of gastric mucosal defense mechanisms, using a microfluorometric technique in which mucus gel thickness, intracellular pH (pH(i)), gastric mucosal blood how, and acid secretion were measured simultaneously in vivo. Intravenous infusion with pentagastrin (80 mu g/kg/h) increased mucus gel thickness, induced a hyperemic response to luminal acid, and enhanced pH(i) homeostasis during acid superfusion. Indomethacin, (5 mg/kg, IP) did not alter the effects of pentagastrin on acid output, mucus gel thickness, mucosal blood how, and pH(i) homeostasis. Indomethacin alone did not affect any of these measures. We conclude that the enhancement of gastric defense mechanisms due to pentagastrin is independent of prostaglandin synthesis. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. CTR ULCER RES & EDUC,DIAGNOST DIS RES CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PY 1996 VL 17 IS 1 BP 155 EP 159 DI 10.1016/0196-9781(95)02056-X PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TT027 UT WOS:A1996TT02700024 PM 8822525 ER PT J AU Raybould, HE Reeve, JR AF Raybould, HE Reeve, JR TI CCK-58: A novel reagent for studying the regulation of cholecystokinin bioactivity SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE CCK-58; chorecystokinin; pancreas; pancreatic secretion; gastric motility; bioactivity; structure-function ID RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; MK-329; BLOOD; FORM; RATS AB CCK-58 has been shown to be the major circulating form of the hormone in the dog and human. To date, there have been no reports on its biological activity in vivo. We report here that CCK-8 and CCK-58 were equipotent in decreasing gastric motor function after bolus doses and in stimulating protein secretion after continuous infusion in urethane-anesthetized rats. The present results are the first on the in vivo activity of CCK-58, and indicate that because CCK-58 is equipotent to CCK-8, and because it is a major released and circulating form, it may be considered as a major contributor to the expression of cholecystokinin bioactivity. Copyright (C) 1996 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Raybould, HE (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CURE DIGEST DIS RES CTR,DEPT MED,ROOM 115,BLDG 115,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41004, DK 41301, DK 33850] NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PY 1996 VL 17 IS 8 BP 1307 EP 1311 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(96)00200-8 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA VY302 UT WOS:A1996VY30200008 PM 8971924 ER PT J AU Rappaport, NH Netscher, DT AF Rappaport, NH Netscher, DT TI Plastic surgery techniques applicable to periodontal flap surgery SO PERIODONTOLOGY 2000 LA English DT Article C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,HOUSTON,TX. RP Rappaport, NH (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED,DIV PLAST SURG,HOUSTON,TX 77030, USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0906-6713 J9 PERIODONTOL 2000 JI Periodontol. 2000 PY 1996 VL 11 BP 95 EP 102 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0757.1996.tb00187.x PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA UX363 UT WOS:A1996UX36300010 PM 9567961 ER PT S AU Singh, AK Gupta, MK Orak, JK AF Singh, AK Gupta, MK Orak, JK BE Reddy, JK Suga, T Mannaerts, GP Lazarow, PB Subrammani, S TI Antioxidant enzymes in peroxisomes: Effect of ischemia SO PEROXISOMES: BIOLOGY AND ROLE IN TOXICOLOGY AND DISEASE SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Symposium on Peroxisomes - Biology and Role in Toxicology and Disease CY JUN 28-JUL 02, 1995 CL ASPEN, CO SP New York Acad Sci, Int Human Frontiers Sci Program, Ono Pharm Co Ltd, Dow Chem Co, NIH, Sankyo Co Ltd, Bayer Yakuhin Ltd, Daiichi Pharm Co Ltd, Fujisawa Pharm Co Ltd, ICI, Kissei Pharm Co Ltd, Parke Davis Pharm Res, Shionogi & Co Ltd, Taisho Pharm Co Ltd, Teijin Ltd, Yamanouchi Pharm Co Ltd, Beckman Instruments, Chugai Pharm Co Ltd, Ciba Geigy, Dainippon Pharm Co Ltd, Eli Lilly & Co, Fdn Belge Rech, Fujirebio Inc, Fuji yakuhin Co Ltd, GD Searle Res & Dev, Hoechst Japan Ltd, Kabi Pharmacia K K, Kirin Brewery Co Ltd, Lederle Japan Ltd, Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd Natl Ltd, Merck & Co, Mitsubishi Chem Corp, Nemoto & Co Ltd, New Drug Dev Res Ctr Inc, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim Co Ltd, Nippon Chemiphar Co Ltd, Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd, Pfizer Inc, Sandoz Pharm Ltd, Shiseido Co Ltd, Soc Gen, Taiho Pharm Co Ltd, Coca Cola Co, Green Cross Corp, Tsumura & Co, Warner Lambert K K, Zeneca, Amer Express, Oce C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PEDIAT, CHARLESTON, SC 29425 USA. RP Singh, AK (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR, DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED, 109 BEE ST, CHARLESTON, SC 29403 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 0-89766-968-1 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1996 VL 804 BP 696 EP 697 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb18671.x PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BH28R UT WOS:A1996BH28R00069 PM 9019999 ER PT J AU Baker, RW Ames, D Umbricht, DSG Chengappa, R Schooler, NR AF Baker, RW Ames, D Umbricht, DSG Chengappa, R Schooler, NR TI Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia: A comparison of olanzapine and placebo SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY BULLETIN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 35th Annual New-Clinical-Drug-Evaluation-Unit Meeting, of the National-Institute-of-Mental-Health CY MAY 30-JUN 03, 1995 CL ORLANDO, FL SP New Clin Drug Evaluat Unit, NIMH DE olanzapine; obsessive-compulsive; clozapine; risperidone ID DISORDER; CLOZAPINE; SEROTONIN; SCALE AB The antipsychotic drug olanzapine is similar to clozapine and risperidone in potent serotonergic antagonism, We assessed obsessive-compulsive symptoms during olanzapine treatment because these symptoms have been reported during risperidone and clozapine treatment, Obsessions and compulsions were measured in 25 subjects with schizophrenia before and after a 6-week double-blind trial comparing two olanzapine doses to placebo. At baseline, 8 subjects had mild or moderate obsessions, and 6 had mild compulsions, There was no significant difference in the course of obsessive-compulsive symptoms among the th ree treatment groups. We found that olanzapine did not appear to cause obsessive-compulsive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, Our sample size, the dose and duration of olanzapine treatment, and assessment methods limit the extent to which this finding can be generalized. Though emerging obsessive-compulsive symptoms have been reported for 13 clozapine-treated and 2 risperidone-treated patients with schizophrenia, this phenomenon has not yet been demonstrated in a controlled study. C1 UNIV PITTSBURGH,MED CTR,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PITTSBURGH,PA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VAMC,SCHIZOPHRENIA RES UNIT,LOS ANGELES,CA. HILLSIDE HOSP,RES DEPT,GLEN OAKS,NY 11004. ALBERT EINSTEIN COLL MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY. RP Baker, RW (reprint author), MAYVIEW STATE HOSP,SPECIAL STUDIES CTR,1601 MAYVIEW RD,BRIDGEVILLE,PA 15017, USA. NR 25 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 1 U2 2 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPT OF DOCUMENTS, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 SN 0048-5764 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOL BULL JI Psychopharmacol. Bull. PY 1996 VL 32 IS 1 BP 89 EP 93 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA UQ557 UT WOS:A1996UQ55700016 PM 8927681 ER PT J AU Badr, MS AF Badr, MS TI Effect of ventilatory drive on upper airway patency in humans during NREM sleep SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE airways, patency; apnea, sleep; control of breathing, ventilatory drive; mammals, human; obstruction, upper airways; sleep, airways patency ID NORMAL MEN; MUSCLE ACTIVATION; APNEA; RESISTANCE; PRESSURE; HYPOXIA; PATHOGENESIS; OBSTRUCTION; MECHANISM; INDUCTION AB The pharynx is the site of upper airway obstruction during sleep. As a collapsible tube, pharyngeal patency is determined by transmural pressure and the compliance of the pharyngeal wall. Thus, several factors may influence upper airway patency including the activity of upper airway dilating muscles, the magnitude of caudal traction generated by thoracic inspiratory activity, vascular tone and mucosal surface forces. Changing ventilatory motor output influences upper airway patency primarily by altering dilating muscle activity or caudal traction. Increased ventilatory motor output enhances upper airway patency, Isolated reduction of ventilatory motor output has no significant effect on upper airway patency. However, upper airway narrowing or occlusion occur at the nadir of ventilatory drive during induced periodic breathing and during central apnea. The latter indicates that negative intraluminal pressure is not required for upper airway obstruction during sleep. Therefore, upper airway occlusion during sleep may be due to: (1) passive collapse of a compliant upper airway by gravitational factors or (2) active closure generated by the contraction of the pharyngeal constrictors. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. RP Badr, MS (reprint author), WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MED SERV,600 HIGHLAND AVE,H6-380 CSC,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-02588] NR 33 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 103 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/0034-5687(95)00079-8 PG 10 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA TU278 UT WOS:A1996TU27800001 PM 8822218 ER PT J AU Scherer, PW Neff, JD Baumgardner, JE Neufeld, GR AF Scherer, PW Neff, JD Baumgardner, JE Neufeld, GR TI The importance of a source term in modeling multibreath inert gas washout SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE gas exchange, alveolar slope; inert gas, expired slope; model, expirogram, alveolar slope; washout, lung gas ID ACINUS AB The single path model (SPM) of airway gas transport with a distributed blood source term was used to simulate multiple breath inert lung gas washout of N-2, He, and SF6 after total body equilibration with these gases. Normalized phase III inert gas washout slopes were computed for each breath and compared with published experimental data obtained under similar conditions on human subjects. The model predicts a normalized slope asymptote which agrees with experimental results within two standard deviations or less of the mean, depending on the lengths and diameters assumed in the acinar airways of the SPM. In the model and in the human subject data, the asymptote represents the development of a quasi-steady state in which the volume of inert gas exhaled at the mouth is equal to the volume transported into the acinar airways by the pulmonary blood during each breath. The present study indicates that at least in the steady state, airway inhomogeneity is not essential to model lung washout data, and that a distributed blood source term in the SPM yields good agreement with experiment. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT ANESTHESIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT ANESTHESIA,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP Scherer, PW (reprint author), UNIV PENN,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT BIOENGN,3320 SMITH WALK,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 33891] NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD JAN PY 1996 VL 103 IS 1 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1016/0034-5687(95)00080-1 PG 5 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA TU278 UT WOS:A1996TU27800011 PM 8822228 ER PT J AU Levin, RW Park, J Ostrov, B Reginato, A Baker, DG Bomalaski, JS Borofsky, M Gardiner, M Leventhal, L Louthrenoo, W vonFeldt, J Kolasinski, S Schumacher, HR AF Levin, RW Park, J Ostrov, B Reginato, A Baker, DG Bomalaski, JS Borofsky, M Gardiner, M Leventhal, L Louthrenoo, W vonFeldt, J Kolasinski, S Schumacher, HR TI Clinical assessment of the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria for rheumatoid arthritis SO SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rheumatoid arthritis; criteria; synovial fluid AB The 1987 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) were clinically assessed. These criteria do not include findings of synovial fluid (SF) analysis and require no exclusion criteria. We have studied sequential patients with arthritis seen in four rheumatology centers in the Philadelphia area. Classifications by the ACR criteria were compared with our clinical diagnoses. Two hundred ninety eight patients were evaluated, 113 with RA and 185 with other diagnoses. Classifications as RA by the ACR criteria corresponded to our clinical diagnosis in 95% of the cases, corroborating the high sensitivity previously reported. However, we found a lower specificity (73%) than that reported (89%). False positive classifications as RA were found in 71% of patients with psoriatic arthritis, 48% of patients with SLE, and 31% of patients with gout. The specificity could be improved to 89% by excluding disorders with obvious distinguishing extraarticular features such as psoriasis or by SF findings of monosodium urate crystals. Awareness of these possible sources of confusion will further increase the teaching and epidemiologic value of these useful simplified criteria. C1 VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ARTHRIT & IMMUNOL CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR0040] NR 14 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 0300-9742 J9 SCAND J RHEUMATOL JI Scand. J. Rheumatol. PY 1996 VL 25 IS 5 BP 277 EP 281 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA VR332 UT WOS:A1996VR33200002 PM 8921919 ER PT S AU Menick, DR Barnes, KV Thacker, UF Dawson, MM McDermott, DE Rozich, JD Kent, RL Cooper, G AF Menick, DR Barnes, KV Thacker, UF Dawson, MM McDermott, DE Rozich, JD Kent, RL Cooper, G BE Hilgemann, DW Philipson, KD Vassort, G TI The exchanger and cardiac hypertrophy SO SODIUM-CALCIUM EXCHANGE: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Sodium-Calcium Exchange CY APR 23-26, 1995 CL MARINE BIOL LAB, WOODS HOLE, MA SP New York Acad Sci, NIH, NHLBI, Amer Heart Assoc, Axon Instruments Inc, Bayer AG, Burroughs Wellcome Co, Cardiac Muscle Soc, Inst Rech Int Servier, Glaxo Inc, Merck Res Labs, Pacer Sci, Pfizer Cent Res, Sutter Instruments, A R Vetter Co Inc, Zeneca Pharm Grp HO MARINE BIOL LAB ID PRESSURE-OVERLOAD; NA+-CA-2+ EXCHANGER; EXPRESSION; LOAD; ADAPTATION; CLONING C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. RP Menick, DR (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV CARDIOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL48788] NR 18 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-001-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1996 VL 779 BP 489 EP 501 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb44823.x PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BF66T UT WOS:A1996BF66T00057 PM 8659865 ER PT S AU Bersohn, MM AF Bersohn, MM BE Hilgemann, DW Philipson, KD Vassort, G TI Sodium-calcium exchange expression in ischemic rabbit hearts SO SODIUM-CALCIUM EXCHANGE: PROCEEDINGS OF THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Sodium-Calcium Exchange CY APR 23-26, 1995 CL MARINE BIOL LAB, WOODS HOLE, MA SP New York Acad Sci, NIH, NHLBI, Amer Heart Assoc, Axon Instruments Inc, Bayer AG, Burroughs Wellcome Co, Cardiac Muscle Soc, Inst Rech Int Servier, Glaxo Inc, Merck Res Labs, Pacer Sci, Pfizer Cent Res, Sutter Instruments, A R Vetter Co Inc, Zeneca Pharm Grp HO MARINE BIOL LAB C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Bersohn, MM (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CARDIOL SECT 111E,DEPT MED,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 2 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-001-8 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1996 VL 779 BP 534 EP 535 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb44830.x PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BF66T UT WOS:A1996BF66T00064 PM 8659872 ER PT B AU Lieber, CS AF Lieber, CS BE Lam, SK Paumgartner, G Wang, B TI Pathogenesis and treatment of alcoholic liver disease SO UPDATE ON HEPATOBILIARY DISEASES 1996 SE FALK SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 90th Falk Symposium on Update on Hepatobiliary Diseases 1996 CY FEB 29-MAR 01, 1996 CL HONG KONG, HONG KONG SP Falk Fdn RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), BRONX VET ADM MED CTR,CTR ALCOHOL RES & TREATMENT,LIVER DIS & NUTR SECT,130 W KINGSBRIDGE RD,BRONX,NY 10468, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 0-7923-8715-5 J9 FALK SYMP PY 1996 VL 90 BP 69 EP 84 PG 16 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA BJ22M UT WOS:A1996BJ22M00008 ER PT J AU Alsina, M Guise, TA Roodman, GD AF Alsina, M Guise, TA Roodman, GD TI Cytokine regulation of bone cell differentiation SO VITAMINS AND HORMONES - ADVANCES IN RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS, VOL 52 SE VITAMINS AND HORMONES-ADVANCES IN RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Review ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; OSTEOCLAST-LIKE CELLS; HORMONE-RELATED PROTEIN; FETAL-RAT BONE; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTORS; FACTOR-BINDING PROTEIN-5 C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP Alsina, M (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,DEPT MED,DIV HEMATOL,7703 FLOYD CURL DR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. NR 186 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0083-6729 J9 VITAM HORM PY 1996 VL 52 BP 63 EP 98 DI 10.1016/S0083-6729(08)60407-0 PG 36 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA BG66V UT WOS:A1996BG66V00003 PM 8909157 ER PT J AU Ogawa, M Yonemura, Y Ku, H AF Ogawa, M Yonemura, Y Ku, H TI In vitro expansion of stem cells - In vitro (ex vivo) expansion of murine hematopoietic stem cells SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Congress of the International-Society-of-Blood-Transfusion CY MAR 31-APR 05, 1996 CL MAKUHARI MESSE, JAPAN SP Int Soc Blood Transfus DE cytokines; hematopoietic growth factors; hematopoietic stem cells; suspension culture ID PROLIFERATION C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9007 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PY 1996 VL 70 SU 3 BP 68 EP 70 PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA UQ611 UT WOS:A1996UQ61100015 ER PT J AU GOETZ, MB PROCTOR, RA AF GOETZ, MB PROCTOR, RA TI NORMALIZATION OF INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM - A SWEET SOLUTION TO NEUTROPHIL DYSFUNCTION IN DIABETES SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMPAIRED PHAGOCYTOSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; INFECTIONS; MECHANISMS; LEUKOCYTES; MELLITUS C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,MADISON,WI 53696. RP GOETZ, MB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. OI Goetz, Matthew/0000-0003-4542-992X NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD DEC 15 PY 1995 VL 123 IS 12 BP 952 EP 954 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TK120 UT WOS:A1995TK12000011 PM 7486493 ER PT J AU HIRAYAMA, F OGAWA, M AF HIRAYAMA, F OGAWA, M TI NEGATIVE REGULATION OF EARLY T-LYMPHOPOIESIS BY INTERLEUKIN-3 AND INTERLEUKIN-1-ALPHA SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; DIFFERENTIATION ANTIGENS; SURFACE ANTIGENS; MURINE; PROLIFERATION; IDENTIFICATION; PROGENITORS; PRECURSORS; COLONIES AB We recently developed a two-step clonal cell culture system for murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors that are capable of producing myeloid and B-lymphoid progenies and characterized their cytokine requirements. We subsequently observed that addition of interleukin-1 (IL-3) or IL-1 alpha to permissive cytokine combinations in primary culture abrogates the B-lymphoid potential but not the myeloid potential of the lymphohematopoietic progenitors. We now describe a similar negative regulation of the T-cell potential of the lymphohematopoietic progenitors. Lin(-) Ly-6A/E(+) marrow cells from 5-fluorouracil-treated mice were plated individually by micromanipulation in methylcellulose culture with steel factor (SF) and IL-11 for 8 days. The resulting colonies were tested for myeloid potential by reculturing part of each colony in secondary myeloid suspension culture. Remainders of individual primary colonies were injected intravenously into scid mice for determination of T- and B-lymphoid potentials. Approximately 10% of the progenitors that differentiated along myeloid lineages in culture reconstituted T- and B-cell compartments in scid mice. However, when scid mice were injected with colonies pooled from cultures containing steel factor, IL-11, and either IL-3 or IL-1 alpha, there was no reconstitution of thymocytes or spleen T cells. These results suggest negative regulatory roles for IL-3 and IL-1 alpha in the early stages of T lymphopoiesis. (C) 1995 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29401. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48714, DK32294] NR 26 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD DEC 15 PY 1995 VL 86 IS 12 BP 4527 EP 4531 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA TK479 UT WOS:A1995TK47900017 PM 8541542 ER PT J AU SCHILLER, JH BITTNER, G AF SCHILLER, JH BITTNER, G TI LOSS OF THE TUMORIGENIC PHENOTYPE WITH IN-VITRO, BUT NOT IN-VIVO, PASSAGING OF A NOVEL SERIES OF HUMAN BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELL LINES - POSSIBLE ROLE OF AN ALPHA-5/BETA-1-INTEGRIN-FIBRONECTIN INTERACTION SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID NEOPLASTIC TRANSFORMATION; ADHESION MOLECULES; TUMOR PROGRESSION; EXPRESSION; INTEGRINS; INVITRO; ANTIBODIES; CONVERSION; RECEPTORS; EXPOSURE AB We established an immortalized, nontumorigenic human bronchial epithelial cell line by transfection with the origin of replication-defective SV40 large T plasmid. This line spontaneously became tumorigenic at passage 184 (NL20T), although subsequent passages (passages 189, 200, and 205) failed to form tumors. The tumorigenic cell line NL20T was reinoculated back into athymic nude mice, and the two subsequently derived cell lines (NL20T-A and NL20T-B) have been passaged 85 times in vitro and remain tumorigenic However, late-passage NL20T cells consistently lose their tumorigenicity when passaged in vitro on tissue culture plastic dishes (NL20T-n cells). Thus, two of the cell lines, NL20 and NL20T, reverted to the nontumorigenic phenotype reproducibly and spontaneously following serial passage on plastic tissue culture plates, whereas cells passaged in mice (NL20T-A and -B) did not. We used these nontumorigenic (NL20 and NL20T-n) and tumorigenic (early passage NL20T, NL20T-A, and NL20T-B) cells to study the role of the alpha 5/beta 1-integrin and attachment to fibronectin in tumorigenicity. The two nontumorigenic cell lines (NL20 and NL20T-n) attached slower to fibronectin-coated plates than the two tumorigenic cell lines in a cellular-extracellular matrix adhesion assay, Attachment was abrogated by exposure to a blocking antibody to the alpha 5/beta 1-integrin, the fibronectin receptor, in the two tumorigenic cell lines, Cell surface expression of the alpha 5/beta 1 cell surface protein by flow cytometry was highest in the tumorigenic NL20T and NL20T-A cells. NL20T-A cells were cultured with an antibody to alpha 5/beta 1 and inoculated s.c. into athymic nude mice; tumorigenicity of the NL20T-A cells was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner, Tumorigenicity was also inhibited partially with monoclonal antibodies to either alpha 5 or beta 1. A mixture of 10% tumorigenic NL20T-A cells and 90% nontumorigenic NL20 cells was cultured on plastic, type IV collagen, laminin, and fibronectin for 9 weeks, Only cells cultured on fibronectin formed tumors when inoculated s.c. into athymic nude mice. We conclude that these data are consistent with the hypothesis that neoplastic transformation in our original cell line arose from irt vivo selection of a small mutant clone, which had arisen in culture and was selected subsequently in vivo but was lost with in vitro culture in NL20 cells, and that alpha 5/beta 1-integrin interaction with the extracellular matrix may play a role in tumorigenicity in our system. C1 WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP SCHILLER, JH (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,DEPT MED,K4-666 CSC,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA14520] NR 27 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA PUBLIC LEDGER BLDG, SUITE 816, 150 S. INDEPENDENCE MALL W., PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD DEC 15 PY 1995 VL 55 IS 24 BP 6215 EP 6221 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA TK211 UT WOS:A1995TK21100038 PM 8521416 ER PT J AU BAO, SC SMITH, RM JARETT, L GARVEY, WT AF BAO, SC SMITH, RM JARETT, L GARVEY, WT TI THE EFFECTS OF BREFELDIN-A ON THE GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN RAT ADIPOCYTES - IMPLICATIONS REGARDING THE INTRACELLULAR LOCUS OF INSULIN-SENSITIVE GLUT4 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-MEMBRANE; PROTEINS; TRANSLOCATION; CELLS; LOCALIZATION; RESISTANCE; FRACTION AB Insulin activates glucose transport by recruiting Glut4 glucose transporters from an intracellular pool to plasma membrane (PM). To localize intracellular translocating Glut4, we studied the effects of brefeldin A (BFA), which disassembles Golgi and prevents trans-Golgi vesicular budding, on the glucose transport system. Isolated rat adipocytes were treated with and without both BFA (10 mu g/ml) and insulin. BFA did not affect maximal rates of either 2-deoxyglucose or 3-O-methylglucose transport or the insulin:glucose transport dose-response curve but did increase basal transport by similar to 2-fold (p < 0.05). We also measured Glut4 in PM, low (LDM) and high density microsome subfractions. In basal cells, BFA increased PM Glut4 by 58% concomitant with a 18% decrease in LDM (p < 0.05). Insulin alone increased PM Glut4 by 3-fold concomitant with a 56% decrease in LDM. BFA did not affect insulin-induced changes in Glut4 levels in PM or LDM, Most intracellular Glut4 was localized to sub-PM vesicles by immunoelectron microscopy in basal cells, and BFA did not affect insulin-mediated recruitment of immunogold-labeled Glut4 to PM. In summary, 1) in basal cells, BFA led to a small increase in glucose transport activity and redistribution of a limited number of transporters from LDM to PM; 2) BFA did not affect insulin's ability to stimulate glucose transport or recruit normal numbers of LDM Glut4 to PM; and 3) insulin action is predominantly mediated by a BFA-insensitive pool of intracellular Glut4, which localizes to sub-PM vesicles. Thus, the major translocating pool of Glut4 in rat adipocytes does not involve trans-Golgi. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,DIV ENDOCRINOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. UNIV PENN,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-19525, DK-28143, DK-38765] NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD DEC 15 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 50 BP 30199 EP 30204 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TK380 UT WOS:A1995TK38000090 PM 8530430 ER PT J AU FARRELL, KR GANZINI, L AF FARRELL, KR GANZINI, L TI MISDIAGNOSING DELIRIUM AS DEPRESSION IN MEDICALLY ILL ELDERLY PATIENTS SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; III CRITERIA; INPATIENTS; INTERVIEW AB Background: Delirium, a common and often overlooked syndrome in acutely ill elderly patients, may present with signs and symptoms of depression. Objective: To determine (1) how often health care providers mistake delirium for a depressive disorder in older hospitalized patients referred to a psychiatric consultation service for depressive symptoms and (2) which signs and symptoms of depression and delirium characterize these patients. Subjects: Patients older than 60 years, admitted to a Veterans Affairs teaching hospital, and consecutively referred to a psychiatric consultation service for evaluation and treatment of a depressive disorder. Methods: The diagnosis of delirium was based on two independent assessments: (1) a clinical interview by a member of the psychiatric consultation service and (2) a structured bedside evaluation performed by one of the investigators, who was not a member of the psychiatric consultation. service. The investigator administered the Confusion Assessment Method Instrument, Mini-Mental State Examination, digit span forward, and months of year backward. The investigator also administered the Diagnostic Interview Schedule items for depression to elicit depressive symptoms. Results: Twenty-eight (41.8%) of the 67 subjects referred for evaluation or treatment of a depressive disorder were found to be delirious. Compared with nondelirious subjects, the delirious subjects were older and more impaired in activities of daily living. The delirious subjects often endorsed depressive symptoms, such as low mood (60%), worthlessness (68%), and frequent thoughts of death (52%). The referring health care provider had considered delirium in the differential diagnosis of the mood disturbance in only three subjects. Conclusion: Health care providers should consider the diagnosis of delirium in hospitalized elderly patients who appear to be depressed. C1 PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,PORTLAND,OR 97207. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,PORTLAND,OR 97201. OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PORTLAND,OR 97201. RP FARRELL, KR (reprint author), PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MED SERV 111P,GERONTOL SECT,POB 1034,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. NR 30 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern Med. PD DEC 11 PY 1995 VL 155 IS 22 BP 2459 EP 2464 DI 10.1001/archinte.155.22.2459 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TJ633 UT WOS:A1995TJ63300010 PM 7503605 ER PT J AU Arana, GW McCurdy, L AF Arana, GW McCurdy, L TI Realigning the values of academic health centers: The role of innovative faculty management SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID STATES MEDICAL-SCHOOLS; EDUCATION; TENURE AB As a market economy continues to permeate U.S. health care, fiscal accountability imposed by purchasers of medical services will reduce funds for medical education and will heighten the scrutiny of that activity. The authors propose that U.S. academic health centers must respond to these changes in the health care environment by critically examining their culture and values. This process will call for a reorientation of their values to place clinical education at the center of the academic enterprise. The authors challenge the notion that research and publications-oriented faculty are the best group to train optimally effective clinical practitioners. They argue that although faculty promotion and rank in American medical schools are highly correlated with publications and funded research, there is no body of evidence that shows that fecundity in research or publications is essential for faculty to be excellent medical educators. The authors maintain that the main tool for realigning the fundamental values of academic health centers will be a new form of faculty management by the medical leadership. After outlining the current approach to research, teaching, clinical service, and administration at academic health centers, the authors challenge the traditional view that a faculty member should master all of these our elements, and state that the era of the ''quadruple-threat'' faculty member is passing. What can emerge is an emphasis sis on departments' and institutions' becoming ''quadruple threats,'' which can occur only if institutions' leaders become better managers of their individual faculty members' priorities. Similarly, chairs should be selected trained, and evaluated on the basis of not only-their professional skills but also on their abilities to be effective administrators and managers. The ultimate goal is to better match the skills of individual faculty with the complex and evolving missions of academic health centers. C1 RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV,CHARLESTON,SC. RP Arana, GW (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,COLL MED,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 70 IS 12 BP 1073 EP 1078 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA TL701 UT WOS:A1995TL70100008 PM 7495450 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, NG OLMSTEAD, R MODY, FV DOAN, K FRANZON, M JARVIK, ME STEINBERG, C AF SCHNEIDER, NG OLMSTEAD, R MODY, FV DOAN, K FRANZON, M JARVIK, ME STEINBERG, C TI EFFICACY OF A NICOTINE NASAL SPRAY IN SMOKING CESSATION - A PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GUM; WITHDRAWAL; THERAPY AB Laboratory trials have demonstrated the efficacy of nicotine replacement in smoking cessation but absolute success rates are low. For many, nicotine gum is hard to use and transdermal nicotine is slow-acting and passive. A new, faster-acting nicotine nasal spray (NNS) can provide easily self-administered relief from cigarette withdrawal. The NNS was tested for safety and efficacy in smoking cessation. Two hundred and fifty-five smokers were randomized to NNS or a piperine placebo. Drug use was limited to 8-32 doses/day for 6 months. Subjects were tested while smoking and at post-cessation daily (week 1) with follow-up at weeks 2, 3, 6 and at 3 months, 6 months and I year. Continuous abstinence analyses (CO less than or equal to 8 ppm.; no slips) showed that NNS significantly enhanced success rates over placebo overall (p < 0.001) and at all test intervals. Differences at key intervals between active and placebo were: 63% vs. 40% (day 5), 51% us. 30% (week 3), 43% vs. 20% (6 weeks), 34% vs. 13% (3 months), 25% vs. 10% (6 months) and 18% vs. 8% (I year). Side effects were common but tolerable. Cotinine measures showed that replacement of nicotine approximated 30% of smoking levels. Hazard functions revealed relapse risks peaked at day 1, day 5 and 3 weeks for strict abstinence. It is concluded NNS is safe, efficacious and a viable alternative treatment for smoking cessation. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PSYCHOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. PHARMACIA INC,COLUMBUS,OH. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37240. RP SCHNEIDER, NG (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,NICOTINE RES UNIT,691-B151D,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 27 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 3 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXON, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD DEC PY 1995 VL 90 IS 12 BP 1671 EP 1682 DI 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1995.tb02837.x PG 12 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA TJ570 UT WOS:A1995TJ57000015 PM 8555958 ER PT J AU TOLLETT, JH THOMAS, SP AF TOLLETT, JH THOMAS, SP TI A THEORY-BASED NURSING INTERVENTION TO INSTILL HOPE IN HOMELESS VETERANS SO ADVANCES IN NURSING SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HOMELESSNESS; HOPE; MILLERS MODEL; THEORY-BASED INTERVENTION ID SELF-EFFICACY AB This quasi-experimental study sought to determine if a specific nursing intervention to instill hope would positively influence levels of hope, self-efficacy, self-esteem, and depression in homeless veterans. Miller's Model of Patient Power Resources served as the conceptual framework from which a middle-range theory of homelessness-hopelessness was derived to guide the study. Homeless veterans completed pretests on admission to a Veterans Affairs Medical Center, were randomly assigned to treatment or waiting control group, and completed posttests at the end of 4 weeks. There was support for the homelessness-hopelessness theory as evidenced by a high level of depression and low levels of hope, self-efficacy, and self-esteem among these homeless veterans. Further support for the theory was seen in the increased levels of hope and self-esteem and decreased depression in veterans who received the nursing intervention. Treatment and control groups differed significantly with regard to hope at posttest. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,COLL NURSING,KNOXVILLE,TN. RP TOLLETT, JH (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,HOMELESS VET SERV,ANCHORAGE,AK, USA. NR 48 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 8 PU ASPEN PUBL INC PI FREDERICK PA 7201 MCKINNEY CIRCLE, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0161-9268 J9 ADV NURS SCI JI Adv. Nurs. Sci. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 18 IS 2 BP 76 EP 90 PG 15 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA TF810 UT WOS:A1995TF81000009 PM 8585710 ER PT J AU BELL, NH AF BELL, NH TI 25-HYDROXYVITAMIN-D-3 REVERSES ALTERATION OF THE VITAMIN-D-ENDOCRINE SYSTEM IN BLACKS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; CALCIUM; ASSAY; MONOPHOSPHATE; RECEPTOR; BINDING; RICKETS; WHITE AB BACKGROUND: Previous findings indicated that serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and urinary calcium are decreased and serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone, serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and urinary cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate are increased in normal black compared to normal white subjects. Studies were carried out to determine if alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in blacks is reversed by oral supplementation with 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eight normal young adult black men and women were admitted two times to a metabolic ward for 2.5 days and studied after no treatment and again after treatment for 1 week with oral 25-hydroxyvitamin D-3, 40 to 60 mu g/d. Six of the subjects underwent a postcontrol study after discontinuation of treatment. RESULTS: 25-Hydroxyvitamin D-3 treatment significantly increased serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and urinary calcium and reduced serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and urinary cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate, an index of function of parathyroid hormone. In a postcontrol study, values for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, serum 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and urinary calcium had returned to control values. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide evidence that reduction of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D contributes to or accounts for alteration of the vitamin D-endocrine system in black subjects. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PHARMACOL,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. RP BELL, NH (reprint author), RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,109 BEE ST,CHARLESTON,SC 29401, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR 01070]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 36066] NR 39 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 99 IS 6 BP 597 EP 599 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(99)80244-7 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TK153 UT WOS:A1995TK15300004 PM 7503080 ER PT J AU Kato, K Yang, H Tache, Y AF Kato, K Yang, H Tache, Y TI Low doses of TRH analogue act in the dorsal motor nucleus to induce gastric protection in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE calcitonin gene-related peptide; nitric oxide; prostaglandins; ethanol-induced gastric lesions ID GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; ENDOGENOUS NITRIC-OXIDE; SENSORY NEUROPEPTIDES; MUCOSAL PROTECTION; ACID-SECRETION; VAGAL COMPLEX; PROSTAGLANDINS; CAPSAICIN; CYTOPROTECTION AB Mechanisms involved in central thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogue RX-77368-induced prevention of gastric lesions were investigated in urethan-anesthetized rats. Gastric lesions were induced by intragastric administration of ethanol (4 ml/kg) and assessed 1 h later by macroscopic visualization using computerized image analysis. RX-77368 (3, 5, and 10 ng) microinjected into the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMN) decreased ethanol-induced gastric lesions by 79, 68, and 61%, respectively. RX-77368 at 1.5, 15, or 30 ng into the DMN or at 3 or 10 ng into the nucleus of the solitary tract, hypoglossal nucleus, or reticular field was ineffective in preventing mucosal damage. The protective effect of RX-77368 (3 ng into the DMN) was partly inhibited by peripheral injection of indomethacin and completely blocked by atropine, the calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist, CGRP-(8-37), and N-G-nitro-1-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). L-arginine, but not D-arginine, reversed the effect of L-NAME. RX-77368 (3 ng into the DMN) enhanced gastric prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) release. These data indicate that low doses of TRH analogue act in the DMN to induce gastric protection against ethanol injury through muscarinic-, PGE(2)-, CGRP-, and nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT MED, GASTROENTER BIOL CTR, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, BRAIN RES INST, LOS ANGELES, CA 90073 USA. NR 41 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 269 IS 6 BP R1301 EP R1307 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA TL961 UT WOS:A1995TL96100002 ER PT J AU Barton, LL Finegold, SM AF Barton, LL Finegold, SM TI Untitled SO ANAEROBE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. RP Barton, LL (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT BIOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 1075-9964 J9 ANAEROBE JI Anaerobe PD DEC PY 1995 VL 1 IS 6 BP 291 EP 291 DI 10.1006/anae.1995.1029 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA TU936 UT WOS:A1995TU93600001 ER PT J AU Adams, VR Valley, AW AF Adams, VR Valley, AW TI Granisetron: The second serotonin-receptor antagonist SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Review ID CISPLATIN-INDUCED EMESIS; CHEMOTHERAPY-INDUCED NAUSEA; HIGH-DOSE METOCLOPRAMIDE; ANTI-EMETIC EFFICACY; CANCER-CHEMOTHERAPY; PSYCHOMETRIC PERFORMANCE; DEXAMETHASONE; PREVENTION; COMBINATION; ONDANSETRON AB OBJECTIVE: To review the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of granisetron, focusing on critical analysis of published clinical trials and comparison with other antiemetic agents, including ondansetron. DATA SOURCES: MEDLINE (1966-1995) and CANCERLIT (1991-1995) searches of English-language literature using the terms ''granisetron'' and ''granisetron (m)'' were performed. STUDY SELECTION AND DATA EXTRACTION: All articles were considered for possible inclusion in this review. Abstracts of clinical trials were included only when they were judged to add critical information not otherwise available in the medical literature. For studies published more than once, the most recent publication was cited. DATA SYNTHESIS: Nausea and vomiting are rated by patients as the most distressing chemotherapy-related adverse effects and may produce potentially life-threatening complications. The discovery of the role of serotonin in nausea and vomiting and the development of selective serotonin(3)-receptor (5-HT3) antagonists has significantly diminished the incidence and consequences of chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting. Granisetron is the second 5-HT3-receptor antagonist to be marketed in the US. Granisetron has been compared with other antiemetic agents, including ondansetron, against highly and moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. The results of these trials have shown granisetron to be superior to conventional antiemetics and as effective as ondansetron in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. The optimal dose of granisetron has yet to be determined. Formulary decisions should be based on a cost comparison among the 5-HT3-receptor antagonists at individual institutions. CONCLUSIONS: Granisetron is a safe, effective antiemetic agent for the management of nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy. C1 AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,CLIN PHARM PROGRAM,SAN ANTONIO,TX. UNIV FLORIDA,COLL PHARM,GAINESVILLE,FL. NR 72 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 29 IS 12 BP 1240 EP 1251 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TK618 UT WOS:A1995TK61800011 PM 8672830 ER PT J AU GIRON, KP GROSS, ME MUSHER, DM WILLIAMS, TW THARAPPEL, RA AF GIRON, KP GROSS, ME MUSHER, DM WILLIAMS, TW THARAPPEL, RA TI IN-VITRO ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT AGAINST STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE OF ADDING RIFAMPIN TO PENICILLIN, CEFTRIAXONE, OR 1-OFLOXACIN SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Note ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; COMBINATION; INVITRO; CIPROFLOXACIN; ENDOCARDITIS; INFECTIONS; AGENTS; OSTEOMYELITIS; EPIDERMIDIS; VANCOMYCIN AB Adding rifampin to penicillin or 1-ofloxacin diminished the rate at which these antibiotics killed 21 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in vitro. A less pronounced inhibitory effect was observed when rifampin was added to ceftriaxone. Synergy was not observed for any bacterial isolate. The in vitro demonstration of indifference or antagonism using these antibiotic combinations argues against the empirical addition of rifampin to beta-lactams or fluoroquinolones in treating serious pneumococcal infections. C1 DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INFECT DIS SECT,MED SERV,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,METHODIST HOSP,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT IMMUNOL MICROBIOL,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 26 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 39 IS 12 BP 2798 EP 2800 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA TH293 UT WOS:A1995TH29300039 PM 8593023 ER PT J AU Garg, UC Howanitz, JH Nakamura, RM Plous, RH Eckfeldt, JH AF Garg, UC Howanitz, JH Nakamura, RM Plous, RH Eckfeldt, JH TI Production, analysis, and characterization of reference materials for prostate-specific antigen SO ARCHIVES OF PATHOLOGY & LABORATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CANCER; SERUM; PSA; ALPHA-1-ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN; STANDARDIZATION; IMMUNOASSAY; COMPLEX; ASSAY; MEN; AGE AB Objective.-To produce a set of three reference materials that mimic sera from patients with prostate disorders in the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration range important for clinical screening for prostate cancer (similar to 0.5, similar to 4.0, and similar to 10.0 ng/mL), to analyze these reference materials in a large number of clinical laboratories using a variety of commercially available methods, and to characterize the molecular forms of PSA in them. Methods.-Units of serum from healthy individuals and from patients with varying degrees of elevated PSA were pooled, lyophilized, and distributed along with conventionally prepared, semen-supplemented proficiency testing samples to laboratories participating in the College of American Pathologists Basic Ligand Survey. The reference material and one of the standard Survey samples were fractionated by Sephacryl S-200-HR gel filtration chromatography. Results.-The Abbott IMx, Hybritech Tandem-E, Hybritech Tandem-R, and Tosoh AIA-Pack all measured PSA in the reference material fairly equally (agreement within +/- 12%). In contrast, the Abbott IMx results in the semen-supplemented Survey specimens were as much as 1.8-fold higher than the other three assays. Characterization of the molecular forms showed the reference material was similar to 90% alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin-bound PSA, whereas the semen-supplemented Survey specimens were similar to 40% alpha(1)-antichymotrypsin-bound PSA, which largely explained the difference in assay recoveries. Conclusions.-Semen-free materials containing only endogenous PSA much more closely mimic real clinical specimens and should prove useful in efforts to standardize clinical PSA assays. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT LAB MED & PATHOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PATHOL & LAB MED,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA. SCRIPPS CLIN & RES FDN,DEPT PATHOL,LA JOLLA,CA. LAB ONE INC,DEPT PATHOL,OVERLAND PK,KS. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU COLLEGE AMER PATHOLOGISTS PI NORTHFIELD PA C/O KIMBERLY GACKI, 325 WAUKEGAN RD, NORTHFIELD, IL 60093-2750 SN 0003-9985 J9 ARCH PATHOL LAB MED JI Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1104 EP 1108 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA TK591 UT WOS:A1995TK59100007 PM 7503657 ER PT J AU KUMAR, R CHENG, M SCREMIN, OU AF KUMAR, R CHENG, M SCREMIN, OU TI METHODS FOR ESTIMATING THE PROPER LENGTH OF A CANE SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article AB Objective: To find a practical method of cane length measurement that achieves the elbow flexion of 20 degrees to 30 degrees. Design: Two standard methods of cane length measurements were compared. Method I: Length of the cane measured from the floor to the top of the greater trochanter. Method II: Length of the cane measured from the floor to the distal wrist crease. Using an adjustable cane, each individual was fitted according to the two methods, and elbow angle was measured after each adjustment. Cane length was also correlated with arm length and height. Participants: Fifty-two normal volunteers who were ambulatory without assistive devices. Results: Mean +/- SD of the elbow angle according to Method I and Method II was 44.8 +/- 11.8 and 25.4 +/- 6.1, respectively. A significant difference was found in the elbow angle between the two methods (unpaired two-tailed student t test, p = 5.910(-18)). Of the 52 volunteers, 4 (7.7%) measured according to method I and 49 (94.3%) measured according to method II showed the elbow angle between 20 degrees and 30 degrees. The ideal length of the cane (L) also can be determined by the formula L = H X.45 +.87 meters or A x.76 +.19 meters, where H is the height of the individual in meters and A is the arm length measured in meters. Conclusion: Ideally, cane length should be measured from the floor to the distal wrist crease. The length can also be determined using the above formulae. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,MULTICAMPUS RESIDENCY PROGRAM PHYS MED & REHABIL,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT PHYSIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP KUMAR, R (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT PHYS MED & REHABIL,PM&R SERV,W 117,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 76 IS 12 BP 1173 EP 1175 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(95)80129-4 PG 3 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA TJ667 UT WOS:A1995TJ66700015 PM 8540797 ER PT J AU WEINBERG, JM JAWORSKY, C BENOIT, BM TELEGAN, B ROOK, AH LESSIN, SR AF WEINBERG, JM JAWORSKY, C BENOIT, BM TELEGAN, B ROOK, AH LESSIN, SR TI THE CLONAL NATURE OF CIRCULATING SEZARY CELLS SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID DELTA-T-CELL; RECEPTOR GENE REARRANGEMENTS; MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; BETA; LYMPHOMA; LYMPHOCYTES; GAMMA; DIAGNOSIS AB To determine if circulating Sezary cells can be classified as reactive or neoplastic based on the ability to detect the presence or absence of clonal T-cell receptor beta chain (TCR-beta) gene rearrangements by Southern blot analysis, we evaluated the peripheral blood of 25 patients: 11 patients with Sezary syndrome (SS), 11 with benign inflammatory dermatoses (BID), and three normal controls. Three of 11 patients with SS. with Sezary counts ranging from 14% to 52%, did not demonstrate any clonal TCR-beta gene rearrangements in the peripheral blood, despite a TCR-beta rearrangement by Southern blot analysis in the skin. Ten of 11 BID patients and all normal controls showed no evidence of a TCR-beta gene rearrangement in the peripheral blood. However, one patient with psoriasis demonstrated a TCR-beta gene rearrangement in the peripheral blood. The TCR-beta gene rearrangement detected in this patient, confirmed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the TCR-gamma gene rearrangement, did not correlate with the presence of circulating Sezary cells or the increased risk of neoplasia. Our results indicate that circulating Sezary cells may be monoclonal (neoplastic) or polyclonal (reactive), as defined by TCR gene rearrangement studies. Circulating Sezary cells in SS may be reactive in nature and not accurately reflect the actual tumor burden in the peripheral blood. The presence of circulating Sezary cells or the presence of a clone of cells defined by TCR-beta gene rearrangement in the peripheral blood is not limited to neoplastic disease processes. (C) 1995 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV CLEVELAND HOSP,DEPT DERMATOL,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29 CA-55017, R01 CA 58841] NR 36 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD DEC 1 PY 1995 VL 86 IS 11 BP 4257 EP 4262 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA TG663 UT WOS:A1995TG66300030 PM 7492785 ER PT J AU ROSS, RJ GRESCH, PJ BALL, WA SANFORD, LD MORRISON, AR AF ROSS, RJ GRESCH, PJ BALL, WA SANFORD, LD MORRISON, AR TI REM-SLEEP INHIBITION BY DESIPRAMINE - EVIDENCE FOR AN ALPHA-1-ADRENERGIC MECHANISM SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ALPHA-1 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR; AMYGDALA; ANTIDEPRESSANT DRUG; DESIPRAMINE; NOREPINEPHRINE; REM SLEEP ID ANTI-DEPRESSANT TREATMENT; DORSAL PONTINE TEGMENTUM; CANINE NARCOLEPSY; BINDING-SITES; RAT; RESPONSES; BRAIN; PRAZOSIN; NEURONS; CAT AB The acute administration of drugs that block norepinephrine (NE) reuptake suppresses rapid eye movement (REM) sleep in cats and other mammals. The mechanism is presumed to involve NE acting on cells in a pontine REM sleep-generator region. Postsynaptic noradrenergic receptor mechanisms have not been identified. In the present experiments, we tested the ability of the alpha-1 antagonist prazosin and the beta antagonist propranolol to reverse the REM sleep suppression produced by the NE reuptake blocker desipramine (DMI) in the cat. DMI reduced the number of REM sleep episodes, the REM percentage (REM sleep time/total sleep time), and the average REM sleep episode duration. The co-administration of prazosin, but not propranolol, increased the REM percentage and the average REM sleep episode duration toward the placebo level. The co-administration of the peripherally-acting, anti-hypertensive agent hydralazine did not reverse the DMI-induced REM sleep suppression. While the identity of the brain region(s) involved in mediating the alpha-1 noradrenergic suppression of REM sleep by DMI remains unclear, there is reason to consider forebrain structures including the amygdala as well as the pontine areas that generally have been implicated in REM sleep control. C1 UNIV PENN,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PENN,SCH VET MED,DEPT BIOL ANIM,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. WAYNE STATE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,DETROIT,MI 48201. RP ROSS, RJ (reprint author), PHILADELPHIA VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PSYCHIAT SERV 116A,UNIV & WOODLAND AVE,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42903] NR 37 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD DEC 1 PY 1995 VL 701 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 134 DI 10.1016/0006-8993(95)00984-X PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA TJ267 UT WOS:A1995TJ26700015 PM 8925274 ER PT J AU FANG, MA NOGUCHI, GM MCDOUGALL, S AF FANG, MA NOGUCHI, GM MCDOUGALL, S TI EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR INDUCES EGR-1 MESSENGER-RNA AND PROTEIN IN MOUSE OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; OSTEOBLASTS; PROTEIN KINASE C ID MURINE PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE ACTIVITY; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR EGR-1; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; IMMEDIATE EARLY GENES; ZINC FINGER PROTEIN; KINASE-C; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; FACTOR RECEPTOR AB The nuclear signaling events activated when epidermal growth factor (EGF) interacts with osteoblasts to produce effects on growth and differentiation are not clearly understood, and may include induction of immediate early genes such as Egr-1, a zinc finger transcription factor. In the present study, Northern analyses were performed to define the effects of EGF on the expression of Egr-1 mRNA in MC3T3-E1 mouse osteoblastic cells. Following treatment of quiescent, subconfluent MC3T3-E1 cells with 0.1-100 ng/ml EGF for various periods, maximal induction of Egr-1 mRNA occurred when cells were treated for 30-60 minutes with 1-10 ng/ml EGF. Inhibition of protein kinase C activity by pretreatment with 1 mu M chelerythrine chloride or by prolonged stimulation with 50 ng/ml tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate (TPA) partially diminished the induction of Egr-1 by EGF. Using an immunohistochemical approach, 10 ng/ml EGF was observed to induce Egr-1 protein within 30-60 minutes and this induction was localized to the nucleus. These observations indicate that EGF induces Egr-1 mRNA and protein via protein kinase C and other signaling pathways, and that Egr-1 may be part of the regulatory network mediating the actions of EGF on growth and differentiation of osteoblasts. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,CTR HLTH SCI,DEPT MED,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. RP FANG, MA (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GRECC 11G,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-04889] NR 54 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 57 IS 6 BP 450 EP 455 DI 10.1007/BF00301949 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TG515 UT WOS:A1995TG51500011 PM 8581878 ER PT J AU CARABELLO, BA AF CARABELLO, BA TI INDICATIONS FOR VALVE SURGERY IN ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS WITH AORTIC AND MITRAL-STENOSIS SO CHEST LA English DT Review ID DOPPLER ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; BALLOON VALVOTOMY; EXERCISE; REPLACEMENT; ADULTS C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,GAZES CARDIAC RES INST,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,RALPH H JOHNSON DEPT,CHARLESTON,SC 29403. RP CARABELLO, BA (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DIV CARDIOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD DEC PY 1995 VL 108 IS 6 BP 1678 EP 1682 DI 10.1378/chest.108.6.1678 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA TJ741 UT WOS:A1995TJ74100043 PM 7497781 ER PT J AU PUGH, JA MEDINA, RA CORNELL, JC BASU, S AF PUGH, JA MEDINA, RA CORNELL, JC BASU, S TI NIDDM IS THE MAJOR CAUSE OF DIABETIC END-STAGE RENAL-DISEASE - MORE EVIDENCE FROM A TRIETHNIC COMMUNITY SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; PREVALENCE; MELLITUS; POPULATION; HEALTH; NEPHROPATHY AB Diabetes is the single largest cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in adults in the U.S. Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) has been recognized for some time as an important cause of ESRD, but non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) has been assumed, until recently, to rarely cause ESRD. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence of treatment of diabetic ESRD by diabetic type for three ethnic/racial groups: non-Hispanic whites, African-Americans, and Mexican-Americans. A population-based incidence cohort was assembled from all dialysis centers in Bexar (San Antonio) and Dallas counties in Texas. All patients with diabetic ESRD beginning dialysis between 1 December 1987 (Bexar) or 1 December 1988 (Dallas) and 31 July 1991 were identified. All non-Hispanic whites and African-Americans and a 1/2 random sample of Mexican-Americans were approached for enrollment. individuals were confirmed to have diabetes using the World Health Organization criteria. Diabetes typing was done using a computerized historical algorithm. Age-specific and age-adjusted incidence rates were obtained by diabetic type and ethnic/racial group. NIDDM causes the majority of diabetic ESRD: 59.5% for non-Hispanic whites, 92.8% for Mexican-Americans, and 84.3% for African-Americans. Mexican-Americans and African-Americans, respectively, have 6.1 and 6.5 times higher incidence of treatment for diabetic ESRD than non-Hispanic whites. NIDDM results in more ESRD than does IDDM. Minorities (African-Americans and Mexican-Americans) are at increased risk, and programs aimed at prevention of NIDDM-related ESRD must focus on them. C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. MEXICAN AMER MED TREATMENT EFFECTIVENESS RES CTR,SAN ANTONIO,TX. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,CTR GERIATR RES EDUC & CLIN,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284. RP PUGH, JA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR,AMBULATORY CARE 11C6,7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD,SAN ANTONIO,TX 78284, USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [UO1-HS07397]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK38392, R01-DK38392-05S1] NR 36 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD DEC PY 1995 VL 44 IS 12 BP 1375 EP 1380 DI 10.2337/diabetes.44.12.1375 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TG225 UT WOS:A1995TG22500005 PM 7589841 ER PT J AU Margolin, A Kosten, TR Avants, SK Wilkins, J Ling, W Beckson, M Arndt, IO Cornish, J Ascher, JA Li, SH Bridge, P AF Margolin, A Kosten, TR Avants, SK Wilkins, J Ling, W Beckson, M Arndt, IO Cornish, J Ascher, JA Li, SH Bridge, P TI A multicenter trial of bupropion for cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained patients SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE cocaine; methadone; pharmacotherapy; addiction; bupropion ID LONGITUDINAL DATA-ANALYSIS; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE TREATMENT; OPIOID ADDICTS; DESIPRAMINE; ABSTINENCE; DISORDER; DRUGS AB We conducted a multi-site, placebo-controlled, randomized double-blind clinical trial comparing bupropion HCL (300 mg/day) to placebo for the treatment of cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained subjects. A total of 149 subjects at three sites participated in a 12-week study, Outcome measures included cocaine use, level of depression, and psychosocial functioning, Results showed no significant differences between placebo and bupropion. Exploratory analyses suggested a medication effect for the subset of subjects depressed at study entry, The need to target subgroups of cocaine abusers in future pharmacotherapy trials and the possible role of treatment readiness are discussed. C1 W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. VET ADM MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. BURROUGHS WELLCOME CO,DEPT NEUROL PYSCHIAT,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. NIDA,ROCKVILLE,MD 20857. RP Margolin, A (reprint author), YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT,CONNECTICUT MENTAL HLTH CTR,SAC,34 PK ST,NEW HAVEN,CT 06519, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R18-DA06190, P50-DA04060] NR 47 TC 111 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 40 IS 2 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0376-8716(95)01198-6 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA TN450 UT WOS:A1995TN45000004 PM 8745134 ER PT J AU BOYCE, BF WRIGHT, K REDDY, SV KOOP, BA STORY, B DEVLIN, R LEACH, RJ ROODMAN, GD WINDLE, JJ AF BOYCE, BF WRIGHT, K REDDY, SV KOOP, BA STORY, B DEVLIN, R LEACH, RJ ROODMAN, GD WINDLE, JJ TI TARGETING SIMIAN-VIRUS-40 T-ANTIGEN TO THE OSTEOCLAST IN TRANSGENIC MICE CAUSES OSTEOCLAST TUMORS AND TRANSFORMATION AND APOPTOSIS OF OSTEOCLASTS SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT ACID-PHOSPHATASE; PROGRAMMED CELL-DEATH; THYMOCYTE APOPTOSIS; GENE; BONE; MOUSE; REQUIREMENT; MUTATION; PROTEIN; REGION AB Osteoclasts are terminally differentiated cells that express tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) at a higher level than other normal cells. Therefore, in an attempt to develop immortalized osteoclasts, we produced two lines of transgenic mice in which expression of the simian virus 40 T antigen oncogene was targeted to osteoclasts using the TRAP gene promoter. Osteoclasts were increased in number in bones from both lines. More than 50% of them appeared morphologically transformed, 2-5% were mitotic, but, unexpectedly, 5% were apoptotic. Osteoclast tumors were observed occasionally in one line of mice (line 4), and sheets of TRAP-positive cells (tumorlets) developed in most mice in both lines. Although cells isolated from these tumorlets formed multinucleated TRAP-positive cells that resorbed bone in vitro, to date we have been unable to develop an immortalized osteoclast cell line from them. Osteoclasts from one line (line 5) had reduced ruffled border formation and a higher level of T-antigen expression than osteoclasts in the other line (line 4), and these features were associated with the presence of osteopetrosis. However, osteoclasts from these osteopetrotic mice and from line 4 mice resorbed bone normally when the mice were treated with interleukin-1. These findings indicate that T antigen can be targeted to osteoclasts in transgenic mice and causes osteoclast transformation, tumors, mitosis, and apoptosis. When T antigen is expressed at high levels, functional impairment of osteoclasts can be detected. Furthermore, these results suggest that T antigen is insufficient on its own to immortalize cells in the osteoclast lineage. C1 UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT MED, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT CELLULAR & STRUCT BIOL, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. CANC THERAPY & RES CTR S TEXAS, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78229 USA. RP BOYCE, BF (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, HLTH SCI CTR, DEPT PATHOL, 7703 FLOYD CURL DR, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-41336]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-08569]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-45229] NR 37 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD DEC PY 1995 VL 136 IS 12 BP 5751 EP 5759 DI 10.1210/en.136.12.5751 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA TH008 UT WOS:A1995TH00800067 PM 7588333 ER PT J AU Laver, JH Abboud, MR Kawashima, I Leary, AG Ashman, LK Ogawa, M AF Laver, JH Abboud, MR Kawashima, I Leary, AG Ashman, LK Ogawa, M TI Characterization of c-kit expression by primitive hematopoietic progenitors in umbilical cord blood SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 24th Annual Meeting of the International-Society-for-Experimental-Hematology CY AUG, 1995 CL DUSSELDORF, GERMANY SP Int Soc Exptl Hematol DE c-kit; cord blood; progenitor cells ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; INTERLEUKIN-3-DEPENDENT PROLIFERATION; EXTENSIVE CAPABILITY; STEM-CELLS; ENHANCEMENT; CULTURE; TRANSPLANTATION; DIFFERENTIATION; ENGRAFTMENT AB Human umbilical cord blood (CB) appears to be an exciting new source of transplantable stem cells for a variety of clinical conditions. In this study, we have attempted to further characterize the primitive progenitors in CB. First we analyzed the effects of early-acting growth factors on blast cell colony formation from CD34(+) progenitors. Addition of Steel factor (SF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) to cultures containing interleukin-3 enhanced blast cell colony formation. These results indicated that cell cycle-dormant progenitors are present in CB. Next, based on results obtained in the murine system, we tested whether c-kit expression could separate the CB progenitors into cycle-dormant vs. cycle-active progenitors. Cells were separated into CD34(+) c-kit(-), c-kit(low), and c-kit(high). The results suggested that the c-kit(low) population contains the majority of cycle-dormant progenitors and the C-kit(high) population contains most of the actively cycling cells. The majority of the blast cell colony forming cells were in the c-kit(low) population, while the opposite is true for other colony-forming cells. Expression of c-kit may be useful in identifying CB progenitors with long-term engraftment capability. C1 MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. HANSON CTR CANC RES,ADELAIDE,SA,AUSTRALIA. RALPH H JOHNSON VA MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC. RP Laver, JH (reprint author), MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT PEDIAT,DIV PEDIAT HEMATOL ONCOL,171 ASHLEY AVE,CHARLESTON,SC 29425, USA. RI ASHMAN, LEONIE/G-7631-2013 OI ASHMAN, LEONIE/0000-0003-3559-3611 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK32294] NR 22 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 23 IS 14 BP 1515 EP 1519 PG 5 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA TN432 UT WOS:A1995TN43200016 PM 8542940 ER PT J AU WALSH, JH AF WALSH, JH TI AMERICAN GASTROENTEROLOGICAL ASSOCIATION DIRECTIONS - LESSONS FROM CHANCELLORSVILLE SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article RP WALSH, JH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,SCH MED,DEPT MED,CTR GASTROENTER BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 1995 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1727 EP 1731 DI 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90736-X PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA TG754 UT WOS:A1995TG75400001 PM 7498634 ER PT J AU LIEBERMAN, DA AF LIEBERMAN, DA TI COST-EFFECTIVENESS MODEL FOR COLON-CANCER SCREENING SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FECAL OCCULT BLOOD; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SIGMOIDOSCOPY; MORTALITY; TESTS; SURVEILLANCE; POLYPECTOMY; PREVENTION; NEOPLASIA; HEMOCCULT AB Background & Aims: The relative efficacy and effective ness of different colon screening programs has not been assessed. The purpose of this analysis was to provide a model for comparing several colon screening programs and to determine the key variables that impact program effectiveness. Methods: Five screening programs were compared: annual fecal occult blood test (FOBT) alone, flexible sigmoidoscopy, flexible sigmoidoscopy and FOBT combined, one-time colonescopy, and air-contrast barium enema. Key variables were adjusted for sensitivity analyses. Cost-effectiveness was defined as the cost per cancer death prevented. Results: FOBT alone prevents fewer cancer deaths than the other programs. The addition of flexible sigmoidoscopy to the FOBT increases the rate of cancer prevention. One-time colonoscopy has the greatest impact on colorectal cancer mortality, largely because of assumptions that cancer would be prevented in most patients who undergo polypectomy. FOBT alone is the most cost-effective of the programs, but the cost is sensitive to several key variables. Conclusions: The model shows key variables that impact the cost-effectiveness of colon screening programs. Compliance is an important determinant of effectiveness of all of the screening programs. Future study should be focused on methods of patient education that improve patient compliance with screening. C1 OREGON HLTH SCI UNIV,DEPT MED,DIV GASTROENTEROL,PORTLAND,OR 97201. RP LIEBERMAN, DA (reprint author), PORTLAND VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,GASTROENTEROL SECT,POB 1034,PORTLAND,OR 97207, USA. NR 28 TC 255 Z9 259 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 1995 VL 109 IS 6 BP 1781 EP 1790 DI 10.1016/0016-5085(95)90744-0 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA TG754 UT WOS:A1995TG75400009 PM 7498642 ER PT J AU LEHNER, LA BURGESS, JF STEFOS, T AF LEHNER, LA BURGESS, JF STEFOS, T TI HOSPITAL STAFFING ADJUSTMENTS UNDER GLOBAL BUDGETING SO HOSPITAL & HEALTH SERVICES ADMINISTRATION LA English DT Article ID MEDICAL-CENTERS AB The U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs operates a hospital system that distributes a national global budget to 159 hospital units. Over recent years, cost containment and downward budgetary pressures have affected hospital performance and the quality of care delivered in unknown ways. This article examines hospital staffing levels as potential performance measures. We first develop a regression model to estimate the number and types of clinical staff required to meet current inpatient workloads at VA medical centers. We are able to improve on previous analyses by employing better data on physicians and by evaluating the behavior of hospitals in consecutive years. Our findings provide managers of hospital systems with promising new approaches for comparing hospital production processes and move information on the effects of global budgeting on individual hospital staffing within systems. RP LEHNER, LA (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MANAGEMENT SCI GRP,518-MSG,200 SPRINGS RD,BEDFORD,MA 01730, USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL HEALTHCARE EXEC HEALTH ADMINISTRATION PRESS PI CHICAGO PA ONE NORTH FRANKLIN ST SUITE 1700, CHICAGO, IL 60606 SN 8750-3735 J9 HOSP HEALTH SERV ADM JI Hosp. Health Serv. Adm. PD WIN PY 1995 VL 40 IS 4 BP 509 EP 523 PG 15 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA TG833 UT WOS:A1995TG83300006 PM 10153372 ER PT J AU Perry, BD Pollard, RA Blakley, TL Baker, WL Vigilante, D AF Perry, BD Pollard, RA Blakley, TL Baker, WL Vigilante, D TI Childhood trauma, the neurobiology of adaptation, and ''use-dependent'' development of the brain: How ''states'' become ''traits'' SO INFANT MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID BORDERLINE PERSONALITY-DISORDER; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SEXUAL ABUSE; EPINEPHRINE SYSTEMS; RECEPTOR NUMBER; FRONTAL-CORTEX; RAT-BRAIN; CHILDREN; NEURONS; SENSITIZATION AB Childhood trauma has profound impact on the emotional, behavioral, cognitive, social, and physical functioning of children. Developmental experiences determine the organizational and functional status of the mature brain. The impact of traumatic experiences on the development and function of the brain are discussed in context of basic principles of neurodevelopment. There are various adaptive mental and physical responses to trauma, including physiological hyperarousal and dissociation. Because the developing brain organizes and internalizes new information in a use-dependent fashion, the more a child is in a state of hyperarousal or dissociation, the more likely they are to have neuropsychiatric symptoms following trauma. The acute adaptive states, when they persist, can become maladaptive traits. The clinical implications of this new neurodevelopmental conceptualization of childhood trauma are discussed. C1 TEXAS CHILDRENS HOSP, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. HOUSTON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, HOUSTON, TX USA. RP Perry, BD (reprint author), BAYLOR COLL MED, DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI, CIVITAS CHILD TRAUMA PROGRAMS, 1 BAYLOR PLAZA, HOUSTON, TX 77030 USA. NR 72 TC 387 Z9 394 U1 5 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0163-9641 EI 1097-0355 J9 INFANT MENT HEALTH J JI Infant Ment. Health J. PD WIN PY 1995 VL 16 IS 4 BP 271 EP 291 DI 10.1002/1097-0355(199524)16:4<271::AID-IMHJ2280160404>3.0.CO;2-B PG 21 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA TR564 UT WOS:A1995TR56400003 ER PT J AU Bondareff, W Matsuyama, SS AF Bondareff, W Matsuyama, SS TI Abnormal tau proteins and neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease SO INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENTS; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; MICROTUBULE-BINDING; PHOSPHORYLATION; LOCALIZATION; ANTIBODY; DEMENTIA; PLAQUES; EPITOPE; CELLS AB Dementia in Alzheimer's disease is associated closely with the accumulation of hyperphosphorylated, C-terminally truncated tau protein. It is accumulated, in part, into paired helical filaments (PHF) which form the neurofibrillary tangles characteristic of the disease. The accumulation of this abnormal tau protein creates a tau 'sink' which, by depleting normal tau, results in the depolymerization of microtubules, the failure of microtubule-dependent intraneuronal transport systems, and ultimately, in the degeneration of neurons. This degenerative process may be modelled by the effect of heat shock on nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC 12 cells in vitro. The model, which suggests that neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease may be associated with interactions between abnormal tau protein, microtubules and mitochondria, allows these three reactants to be manipulated experimentally. It may prove useful in the development of pharmaceutical agents that inhibit the formation of abnormal tau proteins, encourage their destruction, or counteract their effect. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BIOBEHAV SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073. UNIV SO CALIF,SCH MED,DEPT PSYCHIAT & BEHAV SCI,DIV GERIATR PSYCHIAT,LOS ANGELES,CA 90033. NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0954-0261 J9 INT REV PSYCHIATR JI Int. Rev. Psych. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 7 IS 3-4 BP 349 EP 360 DI 10.3109/09540269509022987 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA UF144 UT WOS:A1995UF14400004 ER PT J AU Baron, AD Zhu, JS Weldon, H Maianu, L Garvey, WT AF Baron, AD Zhu, JS Weldon, H Maianu, L Garvey, WT TI Glucosamine induces insulin resistance in vivo by affecting GLUT 4 translocation in skeletal muscle - Implications for glucose toxicity SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE insulin resistance; glucose transporter; GLUT 4; euglycemic clamp; hexosamine ID PRIMARY CULTURED ADIPOCYTES; HEXOSAMINE BIOSYNTHESIS PATHWAY; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; TRANSPORT SYSTEM; INDUCED DESENSITIZATION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; GLUTAMINE-FRUCTOSE-6-PHOSPHATE AMIDOTRANSFERASE; TREATMENT REVERSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; KINASE-ACTIVITY AB Glucosamine (Glmn), a product of glucose metabolism via the hexosamine pathway, causes insulin resistance in isolated adipocytes by impairing insulin-induced GLUT 4 glucose transporter translocation to the plasma membrane, We hypothesized that Glmn causes insulin resistance in vivo by a similar mechanism in skeletal muscle, We performed euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps (12 mu/kg/min + H-3-3-glucose) in awake male Sprague-Dawley rats with and without Glmn infusion at rates ranging from 0.1 to 6.5 mg/kg/min, After 4 h of euglycemic clamping, hindquarter muscles were quick-frozen and homogenized, and membranes were subfractionated by differential centrifugation and separated on a discontinuous sucrose gradient (25, 30, and 35% sucrose), Membrane proteins were solubilized and immunoblotted for GLUT 4, With Glmn, glucose uptake (GU) was maximally reduced by 33 +/- 1%, P < 0.001, The apparent Glmn dose to reduce maximal GU by 50% was 0.1 mg/kg/min or 1/70th the rate of GU on a molar basis, Control galactosamine and mannosamine infusions had no effect on GU, Relative to baseline, insulin caused a 2.6-fold increase in GLUT 4 in the 25% membrane fraction (f), P < 0.01, and a 40% reduction in the 35%f, P < 0.05, but had no effect on GLUT 4 in the 30%f, P = NS, Addition of Glmn to insulin caused a 41% reduction of GLUT 4 in the 25%f, P < 0.05, a 29% fall in the 30%f, and prevented the reduction of GLUT 4 in the 35%f, The 30%f membranes were subjected to a second separation,vith a 27 and 30% sucrose gradient, Insulin mobilized GLUT 4 away from the 30%f, P < 0.05, but not the 27%f, In contrast, Glmn reduced GLUT 4 in the 27%f, P < 0.05, but not the 30%f, Thus, Glmn appears to alter translocation of an insulin-insensitive GLUT 4 pool, Coinfusion of Glmn did not alter enrichment of the sarcolemmal markers 5'-nucleotidase, Na+/K(+)ATPase, and phospholemman in either 25, 30, or 35%f, Thus, Glmn completely blocked movement of GLUT 4 induced by insulin, Glmn is a potent inducer of insulin resistance in vivo by causing (at least in part) a defect intrinsic to GLUT 4 translocation and/or trafficking, These data support a potential role for Glmn to cause glucose-induced insulin resistance (glucose toxicity). C1 INDIANA UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT MED,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. RICHARD L ROUDEBUSH VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,INDIANAPOLIS,IN 46202. RALPH H JOHNSON VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. MED UNIV S CAROLINA,DEPT MED,CHARLESTON,SC 29425. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-20542, DK-42469, DK-38765] NR 49 TC 192 Z9 196 U1 0 U2 8 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 96 IS 6 BP 2792 EP 2801 DI 10.1172/JCI118349 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA TK257 UT WOS:A1995TK25700034 PM 8675649 ER PT J AU Lawrence, VA Hilsenbeck, SG Mulrow, CD Dhanda, R Sapp, J Page, CP AF Lawrence, VA Hilsenbeck, SG Mulrow, CD Dhanda, R Sapp, J Page, CP TI Incidence and hospital stay for cardiac and pulmonary complications after abdominal surgery SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE preoperative care; surgery operative; pulmonary complications; cardiac complications ID POSTOPERATIVE MYOCARDIAL-ISCHEMIA; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-SURGERY; PERIOPERATIVE RISK-FACTORS; NONCARDIAC SURGERY; LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY; PREOPERATIVE SPIROMETRY; SURGICAL-PROCEDURES; MORTALITY; DISEASE; OPERATIONS AB OBJECTIVE: Internists frequently evaluate preoperative cardiopulmonary risk and comanage cardiac and pulmonary complications, but the comparative incidence and clinical importance of these complications are not clearly delineated. This study evaluated incidence and length of stay for both cardiac and pulmonary complications after elective laparotomy. DESIGN: Nested case-control. SETTING: University-affiliated Department of Veterans Affairs Hospital. PATIENTS: Computerized registry of all 2,291 patients undergoing elective abdominal operations from 1982 to 1991. MEASUREMENT AND MAIN RESULTS: Strategy for ascertainment and verification of complications was systematic and explicit, The charts of all 116 patients identified by the registry as having complications and 412 (19%) randomly selected from 2,175 remaining patients were reviewed to verify presence or absence of cardiac or pulmonary complications, using explicit criteria and independent abstraction of pre- and postoperative components of charts, From these 528 validated cases and controls (23% of the cohort), 96 cases and 96 controls were matched by operation type and age within ten years, Hospital and intensive care unit stays were significantly longer (p < 0.0001) for the cases than for the controls (24.1 vs 10.3 and 5.8 vs 1.5 days, respectively), All 19 deaths occurred among the cases. Among the cases, pulmonary complications occurred significantly more often than cardiac complications (p < 0.00001) and were associated with significantly longer hospital stays (22.7 vs 10.4 days, p = 0.001). Combined cardiopulmonary complications occurred among 26% of the cases. Misclassification-corrected incidence rates for the entire cohort were 9.6% (95% CI 7.2-12.0) for pulmonary and 5.7% (95% CI 3.8-7.7) for cardiac complications. CONCLUSIONS: For noncardiac surgery, previous research has focused on cardiac risk, In this study, pulmonary complications were more frequent, were associated with longer hospital stay, and occurred in combination with cardiac complications in a substantial proportion of cases, These results suggest that further research is needed to fully characterize the clinical epidemiology of postoperative cardiac and pulmonary complications and better guide preoperative risk assessment. RP Lawrence, VA (reprint author), AUDIE L MURPHY MEM VET ADM MED CTR, 7400 MERTON MINTER BLVD, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78284 USA. NR 56 TC 133 Z9 142 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 10 IS 12 BP 671 EP 678 DI 10.1007/BF02602761 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA TN800 UT WOS:A1995TN80000004 PM 8770719 ER PT J AU LESSIN, SR VOWELS, BR ROOK, AH AF LESSIN, SR VOWELS, BR ROOK, AH TI TH2 CYTOKINE PROFILE IN CUTANEOUS T-CELL LYMPHOMA SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 UNIV PENN,DEPT DERMATOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. RP LESSIN, SR (reprint author), VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. NR 5 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 105 IS 6 BP 855 EP 855 DI 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12326693 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA TH090 UT WOS:A1995TH09000022 PM 7490483 ER PT J AU Page, GG BenEliyahu, S Taylor, AN AF Page, GG BenEliyahu, S Taylor, AN TI The development of sexual dimorphism in natural killer cell activity and resistance to tumor metastasis in the Fischer 344 rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NK cell activity; MADB106; Fischer 344; development; metastasis; sex differences ID LARGE GRANULAR LYMPHOCYTES; NK-CELL; MEDIATED CYTOTOXICITY; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; OLD MICE; AGE; MOUSE; DISEASE; INTERLEUKIN-2; ENHANCEMENT AB The development of sexual dimorphism in the number and activity level of natural killer (NK) cells was studied in the inbred Fischer 344 rat from prepubescence to maturity. Additionally, in view of the biological significance of NK cells in controlling cancer, especially the metastatic process, we used a syngeneic mammary tumor (MADB106) to assess the host anti-metastatic activity. This tumor model was used because NK cells control the lung clearance of i.v.-injected MADB106 tumor cells, a process that critically affects the metastatic colonization of these tumor cells in the lungs. The results indicated that although prepubescent (36 days of age) males and females exhibited equivalent numbers of large granular lymphocyte (LGL)/NK cells (mAb 3.2.3-positive) per mi blood, females exhibited greater NK cytotoxicity (assessed in vitro) and higher anti-metastatic activity, evidenced by fewer tumor cells retained in the lungs. On the other hand, the mature males (140-170 days of age) displayed greater LGL/NK number and activity per mi blood, retained fewer tumor cells, and developed fewer lung tumor colonies compared to the females. During early postpubescence (63 days of age), a transitional stage between prepubescence and maturity, females and males exhibited equivalent numbers of circulating LGL/NK cells, and females displayed slightly greater NK cytotoxicity per mi blood yet retained somewhat greater numbers of tumor cells compared to the males. Overall, whereas the males exhibited increasing levels of NK number and activity throughout the age span tested, the females, despite displaying greater NK function compared to the males at prepubescence and slight improvement at postpubescence, fell behind the males in these indices of NK function at maturity. C1 TEL AVIV UNIV,DEPT PSYCHOL,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT ANAT & CELL BIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,BRENTWOOD DIV,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Page, GG (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL NURSING,1585 NEIL AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NSO7628] NR 51 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5728 J9 J NEUROIMMUNOL JI J. Neuroimmunol. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 63 IS 1 BP 69 EP 77 PG 9 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA TL622 UT WOS:A1995TL62200008 PM 8557827 ER PT J AU Burgess, JE Wilson, PW AF Burgess, JE Wilson, PW TI Decomposing hospital productivity changes, 1985-1988: A nonparametric malmquist approach SO JOURNAL OF PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Economic-Association CY JAN 05-07, 1993 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Amer Econ Assoc ID DECISION-MAKING UNITS; EFFICIENCY; OUTPUT; INPUT AB Annual data on U.S. hospitals from 1985-1988 are evaluated by ownership type-profit, nonprofit, state and local government, and U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA)-for changes in hospital productivity over time. Distance functions are used to measure Malmquist indices of productivity change, which are then decomposed into indices of efficiency change and technology change. In contrast to previous studies using this approach, we allow for variable returns to scale and use both input and output orientations. We find that changes in technology dominate changes in inefficiency in determining changes in productivity. C1 UNIV TEXAS,DEPT ECON,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RP Burgess, JE (reprint author), US DEPT VET AFFAIRS,MANAGEMENT SCI GRP,BEDFORD,MA 01730, USA. NR 27 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 10 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0895-562X J9 J PROD ANAL JI J. Prod. Anal. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 6 IS 4 BP 343 EP 363 DI 10.1007/BF01073525 PG 21 WC Business; Economics; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Business & Economics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA TM537 UT WOS:A1995TM53700005 ER PT J AU GARRETT, NR KAURICH, M PEREZ, P KAPUR, KK AF GARRETT, NR KAURICH, M PEREZ, P KAPUR, KK TI MASSETER MUSCLE-ACTIVITY IN DENTURE WEARERS WITH SUPERIOR AND POOR MASTICATORY PERFORMANCE SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID FOOD AB A cross-sectional study tested the hypothesis that denture wearers with superior and poor chewing ability use similar masseter muscle effort and biting forces during mastication. Masticatory performance tests on the preferred chewing side and swallowing threshold tests were conducted with peanuts and carrots in 70 denture wearers, 35 with superior (SP) ((x) over bar 46.3%) and 35 with poor (PP) ((x) over bar 30.7%) masticatory performance, Right and left masseter muscle electromyographic (EMG) activity was recorded during the masticatory tests and peak bite force during chewing was estimated from the bite force-EMG ratios on guided maximal biting trials, Bite force under maximal pressure did not differ significantly between the two groups, Neither the total mean EMG activity of the preferred and nonpreferred side masseter muscles nor the mean peak biting forces exerted by the two groups differed significantly (p > 0.05). This was true when denture wearers restricted chewing to their preferred side for a given number of strokes or chewed the test food freely until ready to swallow, The only significant differences (p < 0.05) were evident in the ratios of the preferred to nonpreferred side masseter EMG activity during chewing, The ratios were 1.2 for peanuts and 1.3 for carrots in the SP group compared to 1.8 for both foods in the PP group, Similar patterns of bilateral activity in the SP group and unilateral activity in the PP group were evident for the swallowing threshold tests, The results indicated that application of more equivalent force by the right and left masseter muscles during unilateral chewing is consistent with improved chewing ability in denture wearers. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH DENT,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP GARRETT, NR (reprint author), W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,ORAL BIOL RES LAB,11301 WILSHIRE BLVD,BLDG 220,ROOM 122,LOS ANGELES,CA 90073, USA. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 74 IS 6 BP 628 EP 636 DI 10.1016/S0022-3913(05)80316-6 PG 9 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA TJ881 UT WOS:A1995TJ88100012 PM 8778388 ER PT J AU STAMBLER, BS GOTTLIEB, SS SINGH, BN RAMANATHAN, KB OGILBY, JD ELLENBOGEN, KA AF STAMBLER, BS GOTTLIEB, SS SINGH, BN RAMANATHAN, KB OGILBY, JD ELLENBOGEN, KA TI HEMODYNAMIC-EFFECTS OF INTRAVENOUS SEMATILIDE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE - A CLASS-III ANTIARRHYTHMIC AGENT WITHOUT CARDIODEPRESSANT EFFECTS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEFT-VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIAS; SOTALOL; TACHYARRHYTHMIAS; DRUGS; REPOLARIZATION; AMIODARONE; QUINIDINE; INOTROPY; EFFICACY AB Objectives. This study sought to evaluate the hemodynamic effects of intravenous sematilide hydrochloride, a selective class III antiarrhythmic agent, in patients with heart failure and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Background. Class I antiarrhythmic agents, which primarily slow conduction, can depress ventricular function, particularly in patients with heart failure. In contrast, pure class III agents, which selectively prolong repolarization, do not adversely affect hemodynamic variables in animal models, but there are no data evaluating their hemodynamic effects in humans. Methods. In 39 patients with congestive heart failure and a left ventricular ejection fraction <40%, hemodynamic and electrocardiographic measurements were obtained at baseline, after a loading dose and during a maintenance infusion of intravenous sematilide using either a low (0.75 then 0.3 mg/min) or high dose (1.5 then 0.6 mg/min) regimen, The study had an 80% power to detect clinically meaningful differences in hemodynamic variables. Results. Both low (n = 20) and high (n = 19) dose sematilide infusions produced dose-dependent increases in QT interval (5 +/- 8% [mean +/- SD] and 18 +/- 10%, respectively) and corrected QT interval (4 +/- 8% and 14 +/- 10%), and high dose sematilide decreased heart rate by 7 +/- 10% (all p < 0.025 vs. baseline). Neither dose regimen had a statistically significant effect on any other hemodynamic variable, including mean arterial, right atrial, pulmonary artery and pulmonary capillary wedge pressures; cardiac index, stroke volume, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances; and left ventricular stroke work index. Sematilide showed no adverse hemodynamic effects in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction less than or equal to 25% or >25% and in patients with cardiac index <2 or greater than or equal to 2 liters/min per m(2). Sustained polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (n = 1) and excessive QT prolongation (n = 4) were seen during the high dose. Conclusions. Sematilide, in the doses administered, prolonged repolarization but did not alter hemodynamic variables in patients with heart failure. These data suggest that class III antiar rhythmic agents, which selectively prolong repolarization, are not cardiodepressant but may be proarrhythmic in humans, especially at high doses. C1 VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV, MED COLL VIRGINIA, DIV CARDIOL, RICHMOND, VA 23298 USA. MCGUIRE DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, RICHMOND, VA USA. UNIV MARYLAND, DIV CARDIOL, BALTIMORE, MD 21201 USA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR, DEPT CARDIOL, LOS ANGELES, CA USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, CTR HLTH SCI, MEMPHIS, TN 38163 USA. PRESBYTERIAN MED CTR, PHILADELPHIA HEART INST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 EI 1558-3597 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD DEC PY 1995 VL 26 IS 7 BP 1679 EP 1684 DI 10.1016/0735-1097(95)00376-2 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA TH124 UT WOS:A1995TH12400017 PM 7594103 ER PT J AU JACOBY, RF MARSHALL, DJ COLE, CE DELAPENA, O AF JACOBY, RF MARSHALL, DJ COLE, CE DELAPENA, O TI MICROSATELLITE INSTABILITY IN COLONIC ADENOMAS AS A CLINICAL INDICATOR OF HEREDITARY CANCER SYNDROMES SO JOURNAL OF TUMOR MARKER ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONPOLYPOSIS COLORECTAL-CANCER; MUTATIONS; EXPANSION; REPEAT; EVOLUTION; HOMOLOG; LINKAGE; LOCUS AB Microsatellite instability in carcinoma DNA is a phenotype associated with DNA mismatch repair defects in HNPCC. We recently demonstrated that instability also occurs frequently in HNPCC adenomas, so analysis of these alterations in adenomas could provide a clinically useful early marker of hereditaryp cancer risk. Linkage of cancer to MLH1 was confirmed in an HNPCC family using the appropriate genetic markers, and linkage to APC and other candidate genes was excluded. Microsatellite instability in tumors was detected as mobility shifts of PCR amplified products on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Instability in adenomas from the studied family was correlated with inheritance of the putative MLH1 disease allele. Neoplastic evolution in a small series of tumors from other individuals was also related to instability, since the benign region of adenomas progressing to carcinoma had a greater degree of instability than benign adenomas that did not develop malignancy. The significantly lower rate of instability in sporadic tumors compared to HNPCC tumors suggests that assays for instability in both adenomas and carcinomas could be useful to identify patients for more careful screening for germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53792. UNIV WISCONSIN,CTR COMPREHENS CANC,MADISON,WI 53792. WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET ADM MED CTR,MADISON,WI 53705. RP JACOBY, RF (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SCH MED,CTR CLIN SCI H6516,DIV GASTROENTEROL,600 HIGHLAND AVE,MADISON,WI 53792, USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ACAD TUMOR MARKER ONCOLOGY INC PUBL PI VIENNA PA SCHWARZSPANIERSTR 15, A-1090 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0886-3849 J9 J TUMOR MARKER ONCOL JI J. Tumor Marker Oncol. PD WIN PY 1995 VL 10 IS 4 BP 73 EP 81 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology GA TJ669 UT WOS:A1995TJ66900006 ER PT J AU Chiappelli, F Kung, MA AF Chiappelli, F Kung, MA TI Immune surveillance of the oral cavity and lymphocyte migration: Relevance for alcohol abusers SO LYMPHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADHESION MOLECULES AB The health of the oral cavity is threatened by a variety of microorganisms. Impaired immune surveillance of the oral environment contributes to the development of infectious processes and tumors of the mouth. Elucidation of the physiological mechanisms that determine and control oral immune surveillance is crucial to art understanding of these oral diseases. The ability of lymphocytes to migrate is critical for successful immune surveillance. The cardinal facets of lymphocyte migration are reviewed here in the context of the oral cavity. One mechanism by which alcohol acts as an important cofactor in the onset and development of oral diseases is hypothesized to be through impaired lymphocyte migration to and from peri-oral lymphoid tissue. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROBIOL,LOS ANGELES,CA. W LOS ANGELES VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,LAB HUMAN IMMUNOL & PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOL,LOS ANGELES,CA. RP Chiappelli, F (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH DENT,DIV DIAGNOST SCI,HUMAN ORAL & MOLEC IMMUNOL LAB,CHS 63-090,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 07683] NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LYMPHOLOGY PI TUCSON PA C/O C L WITTE MD 1501 N CAMPBELL AVE DEPT SURGERY, TUCSON, AZ 85724 SN 0024-7766 J9 LYMPHOLOGY JI Lymphology PD DEC PY 1995 VL 28 IS 4 BP 196 EP 207 PG 12 WC Immunology; Physiology SC Immunology; Physiology GA TP495 UT WOS:A1995TP49500005 PM 8771013 ER EF