FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Bao, S Zhu, J Garvey, WT AF Bao, S Zhu, J Garvey, WT TI Cloning of Rab GTPases expressed in human skeletal muscle: Studies in insulin-resistant subjects SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; PCR-cloning; Rab4; Rab5; Rab18 ID GTP-BINDING-PROTEINS; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; GLUCOSE-TRANSPORT SYSTEM; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; POTENTIAL ROLE; GLUT4; ADIPOCYTES; OBESITY AB To explore the potential role of Rab GTPases in human insulin resistance, we first employed a PCR-cloning approach to identify Rab isoforms that are expressed in human skeletal muscle. Multiple Rab isoforms including Rab1A, Rab4A, Rab5B, Rab7, Rab8, Rab10, Rab12A, Rab13, Rab18, Rab21, and Rab22 mRNA were found to be expressed in human skeletal muscle. The second goal was to examine whether mRNA expression for Rabs targeted to endocytotic/exocytotic compartments was altered as a function of insulin resistance. Quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that Rab4A, Rab5B and Rab18 mRNA levels in skeletal muscle from insulin-resistant patients without (IR) and with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) were not significantly different from those in insulin-sensitive controls (IS). At the protein level, total Rab4B amount was not significantly different among IS, IR and NIDDM subgroups. However, in basal muscle, Rab5B in the total membrane fraction was 2.1-3.6 fold higher in IR and NIDDM than in IS subjects. Insulin increased membrane-associated Rab5B by 3-fold in IS subjects, whereas this effect was not significant in both IR and NIDDM subgroups. Thus, for the first time, we have comprehensively studied the mRNA expression of Rab isoforms in human muscle. The phlethora of Rab GTPases are indicative of high Volume of vesicular traffic and regulated metabolism. The potential role of specific Rab isoforms in insulin resistance does not rely on a change in steady state mRNA levels, but is demonstrable as an alteration in protein subcellular distribution and trafficking. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Garvey, WT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM garveywt@musc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01RR-01070]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-38765] NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 30 IS 11 BP 656 EP 662 DI 10.1055/s-2007-978953 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 152VV UT WOS:000077798200002 PM 9918381 ER PT J AU Byrd, TF Green, GM Fowlston, SE Lyons, CR AF Byrd, TF Green, GM Fowlston, SE Lyons, CR TI Differential growth characteristics and streptomycin susceptibility of virulent and avirulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in a novel fibroblast-mycobacterium microcolony assay SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; HUMAN MACROPHAGES AB The ability to spread from cell to cell may be an important virulence determinant of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. An in vitro assay was developed to characterize this ability among four strains of M. tuberculosis: the attenuated strain H37Ra, the virulent strains H37Rv and Erdman, and a virulent clinical isolate (Stew). Confluent monolayers of human skin fibroblasts were infected with these strains and overlaid with agar-medium. M. tuberculosis infection developed over 21 days as microcolonies originating within the plane of the fibroblasts. Microcolonies of the virulent strains had an elongated appearance and exhibited extensive cording. The cords appeared to invade adjacent cells within the plane of the monolayer. Microcolony diameter of the Erdman strain was significantly larger than that of the other virulent strains, indicating that virulent strains can have distinguishing phenotypes in this assay. In contrast, avirulent H37Ra microcolonies were rounded and noncorded. H37Ra microcolonies mere significantly smaller than those of the virulent strains. Microcolony diameter of the virulent strains was not reduced by the extracellularly acting antibiotic streptomycin at concentrations of up to 5.0 mu g/ml. In contrast, H37Ra microcolony size was reduced at concentrations as low as 0.5 mu g/ml. Growth of all strains was similarly inhibited by 1.0 mu g of streptomycin per mi in fibroblast-conditioned tissue culture medium alone. When fibroblasts were infected with the M. tuberculosis strains without an agar overlay, with and without streptomycin, numbers of CFU mirrored the changes observed in the microcolony assay. There was a statistically significant decrease in H37Ra CFU compared to virulent strains after treatment with streptomycin. These differences between H37Ra and virulent strains in human fibroblasts suggest that H37Ra may be lacking a virulence determinant involved in cell-to-cell spread of M. tuberculosis. C1 Albuquerque Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med 111J, Div Infect Dis, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med,Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Byrd, TF (reprint author), Albuquerque Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med 111J, Div Infect Dis, 1501 San Pedro SE, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL55776]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI35249] NR 10 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 66 IS 11 BP 5132 EP 5139 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 132HT UT WOS:000076624800012 PM 9784514 ER PT J AU Norman, DC AF Norman, DC TI Fever and aging SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; UNKNOWN ORIGIN; INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; ELDERLY PATIENTS; BACTEREMIA; PROGNOSIS; FEATURES; PYREXIA; ADULTS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Norman, DC (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 691-1365,Room 7,11301 Wilshire Blvd,6th Floor S, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 7 IS 8 BP 387 EP 390 DI 10.1097/00019048-199811000-00006 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 135GM UT WOS:000076792700010 ER PT J AU Zhang, GY Gu, YQ Wang, XH Cui, YG Bremner, WJ AF Zhang, GY Gu, YQ Wang, XH Cui, YG Bremner, WJ TI A pharmacokinetic study of injectable testosterone undecanoate in hypogonadal men SO JOURNAL OF ANDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE testosterone; LH; FSH; estrogen; SHBG ID ACTING ANDROGEN ESTER; ANTAGONIST PLUS TESTOSTERONE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; SERUM TESTOSTERONE; ENANTHATE; PHARMACODYNAMICS; INJECTION; PLASMA AB Testosterone undecanoate (TU) provides testosterone (T) replacement for hypogonadal men when administered orally but requires multiple doses per day and produces widely variable serum T levels. We investigated the pharmacokinetics of a newly available TU preparation administered by intramuscular injection to hypogonadal men. Eight patients with Klinefelter's syndrome received either 500 mg or 1,000 mg of TU by intramuscular injection; 3 months later, the other dose was given to each man (except to one, who did not receive the 1,000-mg dose). Serum levels of reproductive hormones were measured at regular intervals before and after the injections. Mean serum T levels increased significantly at the end of the first week, from less than 10 nmol/L to 47.8 +/- 10.1 and 54.2 +/- 4.8 nmol/L for the lower and higher doses, respectively. Thereafter, serum T levels decreased progressively and reached the lower-normal limit for adult men by day 50 to 60. Pharmacokinetic analysis showed a terminal elimination half-life of 18.3 +/- 2.3 and 23.7 +/- 2.7 days and showed a mean residence time of 21.7 +/- 1.1 and 23.0 +/- 0.8 days for the lower and higher doses, respectively. The area under the serum T concentration-time curve and the T-distribution value related to serum T concentration were significantly higher following the 1,000-mg dose than following the 500-mg dose. The 500-mg dose, when given as the second injection, yielded optimal pharmacokinetics (defined as mean peak T values not exceeding the normal range and persistence of normal levels for at least 7 weeks), suggesting that repeated injections of 500 mg at 6-8-week intervals may provide optimal 7 replacement. The mean serum levels of estradiol were normalized following the injections, and prolactin levels were normal throughout the study. Significant decrease of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels was observed, with the decrease in LH levels being more pronounced. There were no significant differences in serum LH and FSH levels between the two doses. Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) revels before any T therapy were near the upper limit of normal for adult men and were reduced by approximately 50% just prior to the second dose of TU. The decreased SHBG levels produced by the first TU injection could have led to lower peak total T levels and to a more rapid clearance of T following the second TU injection. We conclude that single-dose injections of TU to hypogonadal men can maintain serum T concentration within the normal range for at least 7 weeks without immediately apparent side effects. It is likely that this form of T would require injections only at 6-8-week or longer intervals, not at the 2-week intervals necessary with currently used T esters (enanthate and cypionate). This injectable TU preparation may provide improved substitution therapy for male hypogonadism and, in addition, may be developed as an androgen component of male contraceptives. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Populat Ctr Res Reprod, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst,Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Natl Res Inst Family Planning, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Res Human Reprod, Beijing, Peoples R China. Jiangsu Family Planning Res Inst, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. Nanjing Med Univ, Dept Endocrinol, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. RP Bremner, WJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Populat Ctr Res Reprod, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst,Med Serv, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X NR 29 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC ANDROLOGY, INC PI LAWRENCE PA C/O ALLEN PRESS, INC PO BOX 368, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0196-3635 J9 J ANDROL JI J. Androl. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 19 IS 6 BP 761 EP 768 PG 8 WC Andrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 149LD UT WOS:000077606000014 PM 9876028 ER PT J AU Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Gomez, R Ornoy, A Xin-Sheng, W Dallas, SL Bonewald, LF Dean, DD Boyan, BD AF Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Gomez, R Ornoy, A Xin-Sheng, W Dallas, SL Bonewald, LF Dean, DD Boyan, BD TI Growth plate chondrocytes store latent transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1 in their matrix through latent TGF-beta 1 binding protein-1 SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VITAMIN-D METABOLITES; CARTILAGE-INDUCING FACTOR; FACTOR-BETA; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; TGF-BETA; RESTING ZONE; PROTEOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS; NEUTROPHIL ELASTASE; TISSUE INHIBITOR; CELL MATURATION AB Osteoblasts produce a 100 kDa soluble form of latent transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) as well as a 290 kDa form containing latent TCF-beta binding protein-1 (LTBP1), which targets the latent complex to the matrix for storage. The nature of the soluble and stored forms of latent TGF-beta in chondrocytes, however, is not known. In the present study, resting zone and growth zone chondrocytes from rat costochondral cartilage were cultured to fourth passage and then examined for the presence of mRNA coding for LTBP1 protein. In addition, the matrix and media were examined for LTBP1 protein and latent TGF-beta. Northern blots, RT-PCR, and in situ hybridization showed that growth zone cells expressed higher levels of LTBP1 mRNA in vitro than resting zone cells. Immunohistochemical staining for LTBP1 revealed fine fibrillar structures around the cells and in the cell matrix. When the extracellular matrix of these cultures was digested with plasmin, LTBP1 was released, as determined by immunoprecipitation. Both active and latent TGF-beta 1 were found in these digests by TGF-beta 1 ELISA and Western blotting. Immunoprecipitation demonstrated that the cells also secrete LTBP1 which is not associated with latent TGF-beta, in addition to LTBP1 that is associated with the 100 kDa latent TGF-beta complex. These studies show for the first time that latent TGF-beta is present-in the matrix of costochondral chondrocytes and that LTBP1 is responsible for storage of this complex in the matrix. The data suggest that chondrocytes are able to regulate both the temporal and spatial activation of latent TGF-beta, even at sites distant from the cell, in a relatively avascular environment. Cell. Physiol. 177:343-354, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Endocrinol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Fac Med Dent, Dept Periodont, IL-91905 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Boyan, BD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM MESSIER@uthscsa.edu FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-43775]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-05937, DE-08603] NR 54 TC 79 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 177 IS 2 BP 343 EP 354 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199811)177:2<343::AID-JCP16>3.0.CO;2-A PG 12 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 126EC UT WOS:000076279100016 PM 9766531 ER PT J AU Kirkpatrick, WR Turner, TM Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Redding, SW Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF AF Kirkpatrick, WR Turner, TM Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Redding, SW Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF TI Fluconazole disk diffusion susceptibility testing of Candida species SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BROTH MACRODILUTION; OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS; MULTICENTER EVALUATION; MICRODILUTION METHOD; INFECTED PATIENTS; CHROMOGENIC AGAR; AMPHOTERICIN-B; ANTIFUNGAL; ALBICANS; RESISTANCE AB We describe a simple procedure for detecting fluconazole-resistant yeasts by a disk diffusion method. Forty clinical Candida sp. isolates were tested on RPMI-glucose agar with either 25- or 50-mu g fluconazole disks. With 25-mu g disks, zones of inhibition of greater than or equal to 20 mm at 24 h accurately identified 29 of 29 isolates for which MICs were 18 mu g/ml, and with 50-mu g disks, zones of greater than or equal to 27 mm identified 28 of 29 such isolates. All 11 isolates for which MICs were >8 mu g/ml were identified by using either disk. Disk diffusion may be a useful screening method for clinical microbiology laboratories. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gen Dent, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Patterson, TF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 25 TC 48 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 36 IS 11 BP 3429 EP 3432 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 129YG UT WOS:000076491200067 PM 9774615 ER PT J AU Van Cott, A Brenner, RP AF Van Cott, A Brenner, RP TI Technical advantages of digital EEG SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE digital EEG; reformatting; technical advantages; analog EEG ID SPIKE DETECTION AB Digital EEG (DEEG) is the paperless recording of an EEG using computer-based instrumentation. The data are stored on electronic media, such as magnetic drives or optical disks, and displayed on a monitor. DEEG has many advantages compared to analog EEG including automatic event detection, storage, quantification, and networking capabilities. The flexibility of DEEG allows for changes of recording parameters, such as montage, filters, and horizontal and vertical display scales retrospectively during record review. In this review numerous clinical EEG examples are used to demonstrate how these post hoc changes, particularly reformatting the montage, allow for more accurate interpretation of the EEG. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Van Cott, A (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0736-0258 J9 J CLIN NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 15 IS 6 BP 464 EP 475 DI 10.1097/00004691-199811000-00003 PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 176TU UT WOS:000079168500003 PM 9881917 ER PT J AU Silva, JA Leong, GB Harry, BE Ronan, J Weinstock, R AF Silva, JA Leong, GB Harry, BE Ronan, J Weinstock, R TI Dangerous misidentification of people due to flashback phenomena in posttraumatic stress disorder SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; misidentification of persons; misrecognition; aggression; violence; post-traumatic stress disorder; visual perception; forensic psychiatry ID DELUSIONS; HYPNOTIZABILITY; DISSOCIATION AB Misidentification of people may occur in a number of psychiatric disorders associated with delusional thinking. Misidentification of people may also occur in the context of visual flashback phenomena associated with post-traumatic stress disorder. People who misidentify someone during a flashback associated with previous war combat experience may perceive and conceptualize the misidentified object as an enemy who may be both feared and disliked. This might make the misidentified objects become the targets of violent attacks by the affected person. In this article we present five cases of flashback-induced misidentification of people who were subsequently attacked within the context of the flashback experience. The nature of the misidentification of persons due to flashback experiences is discussed. The association between the type of misidentification and aggression is also discussed. C1 Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Vet Affairs Outpatient Clin, Mental Hlth & Behav Sci Serv, Columbus, OH USA. Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Columbia, MO USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, Clin Educ Div, Menlo Pk Div, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Silva, JA (reprint author), VA Outpatient Clin, PCT SART, Psychiat Serv 170SJC, 80 Great Oaks Blvd, San Jose, CA 95119 USA. NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1107 EP 1111 PG 5 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 143VC UT WOS:000077276900001 PM 9846385 ER PT J AU Silva, JA Leong, GB Dassori, A Ferrari, MM Weinstock, R Yamamoto, J AF Silva, JA Leong, GB Dassori, A Ferrari, MM Weinstock, R Yamamoto, J TI A comprehensive typology for the biopsychosociocultural evaluation of child-killing behavior SO JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE forensic science; homicide; infanticide; neonaticide; filicide; cultural formulation; forensic psychiatry; biopsychosociocultural model; violence ID CULTURAL FORMULATION; PARENTS AB The homicide of children by their parents has been reported across numerous cultural settings around the world and in many historical periods. A comprehensive and systematic understanding of parental child killing can be optimally obtained through a biopsychosociocultural approach. In this article we present the case of a woman who committed neonaticide. We illustrate the cultural formulation of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) and recommend that this formulation has a central role in the evaluation of cultural factors of parents who kill their children. C1 Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Vet Affairs Outpatient Clin, Mental Hlth & Behav Sci Serv, Columbus, OH USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Kaiser Permanente Med Grp, Dept Psychiat, Div Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Santa Clara, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Palo Alto Vet Hlth Care Syst, Natl Ctr Posttraumat Stress Disorder, Clin Educ Div, Menlo Pk Div, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Silva, JA (reprint author), VA Outpatient Clin, PCT SART, Psychiat Serv 170SJC, 80 Great Oaks Blvd, San Jose, CA 95119 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH 44331] NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS PI W CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0022-1198 J9 J FORENSIC SCI JI J. Forensic Sci. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1112 EP 1118 PG 7 WC Medicine, Legal SC Legal Medicine GA 143VC UT WOS:000077276900002 PM 9846386 ER PT J AU Miehlke, S Go, MF Kim, JG Graham, DY Figura, N AF Miehlke, S Go, MF Kim, JG Graham, DY Figura, N TI Serologic detection of Helicobacter pylori infection with cagA-positive strains in duodenal ulcer, gastric cancer, and asymptomatic gastritis SO JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Helicobacter pylori; cagA gene; Western blotting; polymerase chain reaction; CagA; Korea; antibody; serologic testing ID CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; VACUOLATING CYTOTOXIN; ATROPHIC GASTRITIS; PEPTIC-ULCER; STOMACH; ANTIGEN; DISEASE; RISK; ADENOCARCINOMA; EXPRESSION AB CagA has been suggested as a marker for more virulent strains of Helicobacter pylori. Studies using purified proteins and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method for serological detection of antibodies against CagA reported considerable discordance between the results of the ELISA and molecular detection of the cagA gene, with a tendency for estimation of the prevalence of cagA-positive H. Pylori to be higher by ELISA than by colony hybridization. It is not clear whether the discordance was either due to simultaneous infections with both cagA-positive and -negative strains or because of false-positive ELISA results. We correlated the presence of cagA-positive H. pylori by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the presence of serum antibodies against the CagA. protein from denatured H. pylori lysates. Gastric biopsies and sera were obtained from 75 patients from Korea; 25 each with gastric carcinoma, duodenal ulcer, and simple gastritis. Seventy-four of 75 isolates (98.6%) were cagA-positive by PCR and 70 sera were CagA antibody-positive by Western blotting. The cagA gene is common in H. pylori isolates from Korea regardless of the underlying disease. The presence of cagA is almost always associated with antibody to the CagA protein as determined by Western blotting. Western blotting may be the preferred method for serological detection of infection with cagA-positive H. pylori. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Graham, DY (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0944-1174 J9 J GASTROENTEROL JI J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 33 SU 10 BP 18 EP 21 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 141YY UT WOS:000077173700006 PM 9840011 ER PT J AU Tache, Y Kaneko, H Kawakubo, K Kato, K Kiraly, A Yang, H AF Tache, Y Kaneko, H Kawakubo, K Kato, K Kiraly, A Yang, H TI Central and peripheral vagal mechanisms involved in gastric protection against ethanol injury SO JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Alimentary Disease Week - 9th International Conference on Ulcer Research/4th International conference of Gastroenterology/3rd Asian AGA Course on Gastroenterology CY DEC 12-17, 1997 CL HONG KONG, PEOPLES R CHINA DE adrenomedullin; atropine; brain; calcitonin gene-related peptide; capsaicin; gastric mucosal blood flow; gastric protection; nitric oxide; N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; peptideYY; prostaglandins; somatostatin; vagus; vasoactive intestinal peptide ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS; MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW; NITRIC-OXIDE; ADAPTIVE CYTOPROTECTION; INTRACISTERNAL TRH; ANESTHETIZED RATS; ACID SECRETION; VAGUS NERVE AB Activation of medullary thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), at a dose subthreshold to increase gastric acid secretion, protects the gastric mucosa against ethanol injury through vagal cholinergic pathways in urethane-anaesthetized rats. Peripheral mediators involve the efferent function of capsaicin-sensitive splanchnic afferents leading to calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)- and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent gastric vasodilatory mechanisms. In addition, gastric prostaglandins participate in gastric protection through mechanisms independent of the stimulation of gastric mucosal blood flow and mucus secretion. Medullary TRH has physiological relevance in the vagal-dependent adaptive gastric protection induced by mild (acid or ethanol), followed by strong, irritants. Additional neuropeptides, namely peptide YY (PYY), somatostatin analogues, CGRP and adrenomedullin, also act in the brainstem to induce a vagal-dependent gastric protection against ethanol through interactions with their specific receptors in the medulla. Central PYY and adrenomedullin act through vagal cholinergic prostaglandins and NO pathways, while somatostatin analogue acts through vagal non-adrenergic, noncholinergic vasoactive intestinal peptide and NO mechanisms. Although their biological relevance is still to be established, these peptides provide additional tools to investigate the multiple vagal-dependent mechanisms which increase the resistance of the gastric mucosa to injury. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, DDRC, CURE,Digest Dis Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, DDRC, CURE,Digest Dis Div, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 75 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE ASIA PI CARLTON PA 54 UNIVERSITY ST, P O BOX 378, CARLTON, VICTORIA 3053, AUSTRALIA SN 0815-9319 J9 J GASTROEN HEPATOL JI J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 13 SU 2 BP S214 EP S220 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 151XM UT WOS:000077746000015 ER PT J AU Rehnmark, S Giometti, CS Slavin, BG Doolittle, MH Reue, K AF Rehnmark, S Giometti, CS Slavin, BG Doolittle, MH Reue, K TI The fatty liver dystrophy mutant mouse: microvesicular steatosis associated with altered expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-regulated proteins SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE triglyceride; 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis; hepatocytes ID ACTIVATED RECEPTOR PPAR; FLD MUTATION; LIPOPROTEIN-LIPASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; HEPATIC LIPASE; A-IV; METABOLISM; MICE; RAT; TRIGLYCERIDE AB Fatty liver dystrophy (fld) is an autosomal recessive mutation in mice characterized by hypertriglyceridemia and fatty liver during neonatal development, The fatty liver in fld/fld mice spontaneously resolves between the age of 14-18 days, at which point the animals develop a neuropathy associated with abnormal myelin formation in peripheral nerve. We have investigated the morphological and biochemical alterations that occur in the fatty liver of neonatal fld/fld mice, Studies at the light and electron microscopic level demonstrated the accumulation of lipid droplets and hypertrophic parenchymal cells in fld neonates, with no apparent liver pathology after resolution of the fatty liver. To better characterize the biochemical basis for the development of fatty liver in fld mice, we compared protein expression patterns in the fatty liver of fld mice and in the liver of phenotypically normal (wild-type) littermates using quantitative two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. We detected 24 proteins with significantly altered expression levels (P < 0.001) in the fld fatty liver, 15 of which are proteins that are altered in abundance by peroxisome proliferating chemicals. As these compounds characteristically elicit changes in the expression of mitochondrial and peroxisomal enzymes involved in fatty acid oxidation, we quantitated rates of fatty acid oxidation in hepatocytes isolated from fld and wild-type mice.jlr These studies revealed that hepatic fatty acid oxidation in fld neonates is reduced by 60% compared to wild-type littermates, In hepatocytes from adult fld mice that no longer exhibit a fatty liver, oxidation rates were similar to those in hepatocytes from age-matched wild-type mice. These findings indicate that altered expression of proteins involved in fatty acid oxidation is associated with triglyceride accumulation in the fld fatty liver. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Cell & Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Argonne Natl Lab, Prot Mapping Grp, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reue, K (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 28481] NR 24 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 39 IS 11 BP 2209 EP 2217 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 136VV UT WOS:000076880600012 PM 9799807 ER PT J AU Reue, K AF Reue, K TI mRNA quantitation techniques: Considerations for experimental design and application SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MESSENGER-RNA; COMPETITIVE PCR; INTERNAL CONTROL; TITRATION ASSAY; BETA-ACTIN; RT-PCR; HYBRIDIZATION; DNA; EXPRESSION C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90066 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Reue, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90066 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-28481] NR 31 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 128 IS 11 BP 2038 EP 2044 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 136WA UT WOS:000076881100032 PM 9808663 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, R McElhinny, LG van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, R McElhinny, LG van Kammen, DP TI Effects of haloperidol on antioxidant defense system enzymes in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FREE-RADICAL PATHOLOGY; TARDIVE-DYSKINESIA; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; METABOLISM; WITHDRAWAL; COTININE; SMOKING; STRESS AB Dysregulation of free radical metabolism as reflected by abnormal erythrocyte activities of three critical enzymes of the antioxidant defense system (AODS), i.e. superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), has been reported in schizophrenic patients. The present study examined the effects of haloperidol, a standard antipsychotic agent, on the AODS enzymes, using a within-subject, repeated-measures, on-off haloperidol treatment design. The mean drug free period was 40 days. At baseline, there were no significant differences for all three enzymes between patients and age and sex-matched normal volunteers. During the drug-free condition, SOD activity, but not GSH-Px and CAT activities, was significantly higher relative to normal control subjects. However, within-subjects both SOD and GSH-Px activities, but not CAT activity, were higher in the drug-free condition compared to the treatment condition. No significant correlation was observed between SOD activity and plasma haloperidol (or daily haloperidol dose) levels. Smoking status, as assessed by the cotinine level, was unrelated to enzyme activities. In addition, none of the major AODS enzymes showed significant differences between relapsed and clinically stable patients. These findings suggest that haloperidol may not have direct regulatory effect on AODS enzyme activities and that SOD and GSH-Px activities may change in response to other factors such as change in symptom severity. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 37 TC 92 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3956 EI 1879-1379 J9 J PSYCHIATR RES JI J. Psychiatr. Res. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 32 IS 6 BP 385 EP 391 DI 10.1016/S0022-3956(98)00028-4 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 137UF UT WOS:000076934200007 PM 9844955 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Knight, K Paulus, H Brook, RH Shekelle, PG AF MacLean, CH Knight, K Paulus, H Brook, RH Shekelle, PG TI Costs attributable to osteoarthritis SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE osteoarthritis; charges; cost ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ECONOMIC-IMPACT; ARTHROPLASTY; OUTCOMES AB Objective. To estimate charges attributable to osteoarthritis (OA) in a managed care organization. Methods, Longitudinal study based on insurance claims incurred and filed between 1991 and 1993 in a national managed care organization Patients with claims for OA were randomly sampled to yield 20,000 study subjects. Charges per person-year were determined for these patients and compared to those of comparison subjects matched for age, sex, and insurance plan without claims for OA. Results. Total charges per patient-year adjusted to 1993 dollars for patients with OA <65 and greater than or equal to 65 years of age were $5,294 and $5,704, respectively, while charges for controls were $2,467 and $3,741, respectively. Thus, charges due to OA were $2,827 and $1,963, accounting for 5% of total plan charges. Conclusion. Patients with symptomatic OA incur charges for medical care at about twice the rate of plan enrollees without claims for OA and account for a substantial proportion of total charges in a managed care plan. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Rheumatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Value Hlth Sci, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP MacLean, CH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Rehabil Bldg,1000 Vet Ave,Room 32-59, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 21 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 2 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2213 EP 2218 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 134JL UT WOS:000076739700027 PM 9818666 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Fischbach, M AF Escalante, A Fischbach, M TI Musculoskeletal manifestations, pain, and quality of life in Persian Gulf War veterans referred for rheumatologic evaluation SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rheumatic diseases; Persian Gulf War syndrome; pain; health related quality of life ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES; US VETERANS; SYMPTOMS; CLASSIFICATION; FIBROMYALGIA; CRITERIA; OSTEOARTHRITIS; ARTHRITIS; MORTALITY AB Objective. Pain in the joints and other areas has been a frequent complaint among veterans of Operation Desert Storm who are experiencing unexplained illness. We characterized the rheumatic manifestations of a group of veterans of the Persian Gulf War who were referred to a rheumatology clinic. Methods. Consecutive South Texas veterans of the Persian Gulf War who were referred for evaluation of rheumatic manifestations underwent a comprehensive evaluation of their musculoskeletal symptoms, pain, and health related quality of life. Results. Of 928 veterans evaluated in a screening clinic for unexplained symptoms, 145 had rheumatic manifestations (15.6%) and were referred to a rheumatology clinic. The most common diagnosis was fibromyalgia, present in 49 patients (33.8%), followed by various soft tissue problems in 25 (17.2%), nonspecific arthralgias in 14 (9.6%), and clinical or radiographic osteoarthritis in 16 (11.0%). In 39 patients (26.9%), no symptoms were present at the time of the evaluation, a careful musculoskeletal examination and laboratory tests were normal, and no diagnosis was possible. Two patients had Reiter's syndrome. Four had a positive rheumatoid factor and 3 had antinuclear antibodies, but none of these had clinical evidence of rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus. Pain was present in nearly all patients and was widely distributed, with no body area spared in this group of patients. The most frequent painful areas were the knees in > 65%, the lower back in > 60%, the shoulders in 50%, and the hands and wrists in 35%. Widespread body pain was present in 65.1% of the veterans. Average values of all 8 scales measured by the SF-36 health survey were below the 25th percentile of published national norms, with pain and the number of nonarticular rheumatic symptoms explaining most of the decreased health related quality of life in the veterans we evaluated. Conclusion. No specific rheumatic diagnosis is characteristic of Gulf War veterans with unexplained illness referred to a rheumatology clinic. However, pain is common and widespread in these patients, and their health related quality of life is poor. Further research is necessary to determine the cause of the symptoms of veterans of the Gulf War. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Escalante, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM escalante@uthscsa.edu NR 33 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 4 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 25 IS 11 BP 2228 EP 2235 PG 8 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 134JL UT WOS:000076739700030 PM 9818669 ER PT J AU Chen, EC Samuels, MH Luther, MF King, TS Eddy, CA Siler-Khodr, TM Schenken, RS AF Chen, EC Samuels, MH Luther, MF King, TS Eddy, CA Siler-Khodr, TM Schenken, RS TI Cocaine impairs follicular phase pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in rhesus monkeys SO JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE cocaine; gonadotropin secretion; follicular phase; menstrual cyclicity ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; HUMAN MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION; FREQUENCY; PITUITARY; RAT; PROGESTERONE; ESTRADIOL; MODULATE AB OBJECTIVE: To assess cocaine's effect on follicular phase pulsatile gonadotropin secretion in normally cycling rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Sixteen monkeys were paired by body weight and randomized to receive intravenous saline (n = 8) or cocaine (4 mg/kg, n = 8) daily on cycle days 2 to 14. Monkeys were chronically cannulated to allow frequent blood collections without anesthesia. Blood samples were obtained every 15 minutes for 8 hours in early (EFP; cycle days 1 to 5), mid- (MFP; cycle days 6 to 10), and late (LFP; cycle days 11 to 15) follicular phase. Plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, and estradiol-17 beta (E-2) were determined by radioimmunoassay. Pulses were identified by duster analysis. Statistical differences were determined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Sidak's multiple comparison test. RESULTS: Seven out of eight monkeys in the control group demonstrated timely ovulation. Only one monkey in the cocaine-treated group ovulated. Similar gonadotropin pulse intervals (70 to 90 minutes) weve observed throughout the follicular phase in both the controls and cocaine-treated monkeys. LH and FSH pulse amplitudes increased significantly from the EFP/MFP to the LFP in controls. In cocaine-treated monkeys, gonadotropin pulse amplitudes remained at EFP/MFP levels throughout the study period. The mean gonadotropin pulse amplitude and the mean E-2 levels in the LFP were significantly greater in controls as compared with cocaine-treated monkeys (p < .001). CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate that cocaine suppresses the normal increase in LH and FSH pulse amplitude seen in the LFP. Further studies are in progress to determine the mechanism of cocaine's disruption of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Copyright (C) 1998 by the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Struct & Cellular Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Clin Nutr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res & Dev Serv, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Schenken, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 08295] NR 36 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1071-5576 J9 J SOC GYNECOL INVEST JI J. Soc. Gynecol. Invest. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1016/S1071-5576(98)00034-3 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 137WG UT WOS:000076939400005 PM 9824811 ER PT J AU Letran, JL Meyer, GE Loberiza, FR Brawer, MK AF Letran, JL Meyer, GE Loberiza, FR Brawer, MK TI The effect of prostate volume on the yield of needle biopsy SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate; biopsy ID SYSTEMATIC SEXTANT BIOPSIES; TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND; TRANSITION ZONE; ANTIGEN; CARCINOMA; CANCER AB Purpose: Early diagnosis of prostate carcinoma has undergone significant evolution mainly due to the widespread use of serum prostate specific antigen, transrectal ultrasonography and spring loaded biopsy devices. A common dilemma faced by clinicians arises when a negative biopsy is obtained in a patient and there is a high suspicion for prostate carcinoma. The literature reveals a 20 to 40% positive repeat biopsy rate in men with elevated prostate specific antigen who had an initial negative biopsy.(1-3) We determined the yield of 6 systematic sector biopsies as a function of total gland and peripheral zone volumes. Materials and Methods: The database of transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsies performed at the Department of Urology, University of Washington Medical Center and Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System was reviewed. The yield of the 6 biopsies was determined as a function of the total gland and peripheral zone volumes. Results: A total of 1,057 men who underwent transrectal ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsies were investigated in our study. Of the men 326 were diagnosed with prostate cancer for a positive biopsy rate of 30.8%. No relationship between gland size and cancer yield was seen using total gland volume compared to the first quartile until the largest quartile when a significantly lower cancer detection rate was noted (odds ratio 1.5). Conclusions: The positive yield of the systematic 6-sector biopsy decreases significantly when the total gland volume is greater than 55.6 cc or peripheral zone volume is greater than 33.61 cc. In men with smaller prostates 6 systematic sector biopsies should be adequate. C1 Northwest Hosp, NW Prostate Inst, Seattle, WA 98133 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Prevent Med Psychiat, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Brawer, MK (reprint author), Northwest Hosp, NW Prostate Inst, 1560 N 115th St,Suite 209, Seattle, WA 98133 USA. NR 20 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 160 IS 5 BP 1718 EP 1721 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62392-9 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 127QZ UT WOS:000076363200031 PM 9783939 ER PT J AU Anderson, S AF Anderson, S TI Physiologic actions and molecular expression of the renin-angiotensin system in the diabetic rat SO MINERAL AND ELECTROLYTE METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE diabetes; albuminuria; angiotensin; renin; angiotensin-converting enzyme ID METABOLIC-CLEARANCE RATE; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY; PROXIMAL TUBULE; GENE-EXPRESSION; RENAL-FUNCTION; NEPHROPATHY; MELLITUS; INSULIN; KIDNEY; KALLIKREIN AB Clinical, experimental, biochemical, and molecular biologic studies all invoke an important role for the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. Studies of pharmacologic interruption of the RAS with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition have implicated this hormonal system in the progression of diabetic nephropathy, both experimentally and clinically Preliminary evidence also suggests a beneficial effect: of angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor antagonists. The relative roles of the systemic vs. intrarenal RAS in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy have recently been evaluated. Though plasma renin is generally low, it is not yet clear whether RAS component processing is normal in diabetes; there may be subtle changes in Ang II metabolism which sustain relatively higher plasma Ang II levels. Furthermore, the intrarenal RAS may not be suppressed. Renal renin levels tend to be disproportionately elevated, as compared to plasma renin values. Renal Ang IT levels are normal, and renal mRNAs for RAS components have been variable, though not suppressed. In general, lack of RAS suppression (despite plasma volume and increased exchangeable sodium) may indicate inappropriate activity of the RAS in diabetes. Indeed, disproportionate activity of the intrarenal RAS may be a proximate cause of the observed suppression of the systemic RAS. RAS-mediated injury may occur via stimulation of a number of sclerosing mediators, and there is evidence that hyperglycemia acts synergistically with Ang IZ to promote cellular injury. Together, these recent investigations lend further support to the notion that the RAS plays an important role in diabetic nephropathy, and are beginning to shed light on the mechanisms of progressive renal injury. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Nephrol & Hypertens, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Anderson, S (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, PP262,3314 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM anderssh@ohsu.edu NR 45 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-0392 J9 MINER ELECTROL METAB JI Miner. Electrolyte Metab. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 24 IS 6 BP 406 EP 411 DI 10.1159/000057402 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 159HJ UT WOS:000078166300007 PM 9930380 ER PT J AU Schatten, H Ripple, M Balczon, R Petzelt, C Taylor, M AF Schatten, H Ripple, M Balczon, R Petzelt, C Taylor, M TI Centrosome nuclear cell cycle imbalances in hormone treated LNCaP and taxol treated DU145 prostate cancer cells. SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Missouri, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Inst Aging, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ S Alabama, Dept Cell & Struct Biol, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. Humboldt Univ, Clin Chariti, Clin Anesthesiol & Intens Care, D-14050 Berlin, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CELL BIOLOGY PI BETHESDA PA PUBL OFFICE, 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1059-1524 J9 MOL BIOL CELL JI Mol. Biol. Cell PD NOV PY 1998 VL 9 SU S MA 2855 BP 492A EP 492A PG 1 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 137GQ UT WOS:000076906702854 ER PT J AU Myers, LW Ellison, GW Merrill, JE El Hajjar, A St Pierre, B Hijazin, M Leake, BD Bentson, JR Nuwer, MR Tourtellotte, WW Davis, P Granger, D Fahey, JL AF Myers, LW Ellison, GW Merrill, JE El Hajjar, A St Pierre, B Hijazin, M Leake, BD Bentson, JR Nuwer, MR Tourtellotte, WW Davis, P Granger, D Fahey, JL TI Pentoxifylline is not a promising treatment for multiple sclerosis in progression phase SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELLS AB Fourteen MS patients took pentoxifylline at varying doses for up to 24 months. In vitro production of tumor necrosis factor alpha was reduced in patients taking 2,400 to 3,200 mg/day of pentoxifylline for 12 weeks or more. Twelve of the 14 patients experienced worsening of the disease during the study according to clinical, MRI, or visual evoked potential criteria. These results provide no hint of efficacy for pentoxifylline as a treatment for MS in progression phase. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Texas, Div Med Chem, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Myers, LW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV PY 1998 VL 51 IS 5 BP 1483 EP 1486 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 137GP UT WOS:000076906600056 PM 9818891 ER PT J AU Radant, AD Bowdle, TA Cowley, DS Kharasch, ED Roy-Byrne, PP AF Radant, AD Bowdle, TA Cowley, DS Kharasch, ED Roy-Byrne, PP TI Does ketamine-mediated N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism cause schizophrenia-like oculomotor abnormalities? SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; ketamine; oculomotor; glutamate; NMDA receptors ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; SACCADIC EYE-MOVEMENTS; SMOOTH-PURSUIT; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; BINDING-SITES; GLUTAMATE; TRACKING; SYSTEM; BRAIN AB Evidence from histological and pharmacological challenge studies indicates that N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor hypofunction may play an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Our goal was to characterize effects of NMDA hypofunction further, as related to schizophrenia-associated neuropsychological impairment. We administered progressively higher doses of ketamine (target plasma concentrations of 50, 100, 150, and 200 ng/ml) to 10 psychiatrically healthy young men in a randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled design and assessed oculomotor, cognitive, and symptomatic changes. Mean ketamine plasma concentrations approximated target plasma concentrations at each infusion step. Verbal recall, recognition memory, verbal fluency, pursuit tracking, visually guided saccades, and fixation all deteriorated significantly during ketamine infusion; lateral gaze nystagmus explained some, but not all, of the smooth pursuit abnormalities. We concluded that ketamine induces changes in recall and recognition memory and verbal fluency reminiscent of schizophreniform psychosis. During smooth pursuit eye tracking, ketamine induces nystagmus as well as abnormalities characteristic of schizophrenia. These findings help delineate the similarities and differences between schizophreniform and NMDA-blockade-induced cognitive and oculomotor abnormalities. [Neuropsychopharmacology 19:434-444, 1998] (C) 1998 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Anesthesiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Puget Sound Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Radant, AD (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychiat, 116-A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA09635]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH49413] NR 52 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD NOV PY 1998 VL 19 IS 5 BP 434 EP 444 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00030-X PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 120LT UT WOS:000075958400009 PM 9778665 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Lipton, A AF Berenson, JR Lipton, A TI Use of bisphosphonates in patients with metastatic bone disease SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; INTRAVENOUS PAMIDRONATE; CONTROLLED TRIAL; CLODRONATE; CARCINOMA; DIPHOSPHONATE; MULTICENTER; EFFICACY; ADHESION AB Tumor-induced osteolysis or lytic bone disease is mediated by osteoclast activation. Osteoclasts cart be activated directly by products produced by tumors ol indirectly through other nonmalignant cells. By reducing osteoclastic activity, bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption, Since these agents had demonstrated efficacy irt treating other diseases associated with increased bone resorption, including cancer-related hypercalcemia and Paget's disease of bone, studies were initiated to explore the use of bisphosphonates in patients with osteolytic bone metastases. Recent, large, randomized, double-blind studies have shown the efficacy of these agents. in reducing skeletal complications in patients with bone metastases from both breast cancer and multiple myeloma. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,111H,Room 4237,Bldg 500, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU P R R INC PI HUNTINGTON PA 17 PROSPECT ST, HUNTINGTON, NY 11743 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD NOV PY 1998 VL 12 IS 11 BP 1573 EP 1579 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 141RY UT WOS:000077158500004 PM 9834935 ER PT J AU Berkwits, M AF Berkwits, M TI From practice to research: The case for criticism in an age of evidence SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE evidence; evidence-based medicine; criticism; critical studies; decision making; social values ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The growth in research and in health care costs has made it important for clinicians to use and critically appraise published evidence for their medical decisions. The evidence-based medicine movement is an example of the present effort to teach clinicians to evaluate research evidence by methodologic standards. Though this effort can only improve the clinical decisions of practitioners, it suggests that when assessing evidence there are no reasons to critically evaluate the standards of research and evidence themselves. A precedent for assessing standards of research and evidence exists in the broad tradition known as "criticism". Using contextual, cultural and other forms of analysis, writers have used criticism to;show that the meaning and validity of scientific evidence is influenced as much by the sociocultural characteristics of readers and users as it is by the meticulous use of research methods. Scholars outside of medicine have suggested, for example, that data become evidence only in the context of specific beliefs and disagreements and that there are interesting pragmatic reasons why we see some forms of evidence and not others in the medical literature. Social critical studies of research and evidence would reveal the many influences similar to these that are relevant to clinical medicine. The effort would be practically useful to physicians, who with a broader understanding of research could critically appraise published evidence from both scientific and sociocultural perspectives. It would also help correct an imbalance in contemporary medicine in which clinicians are being trained to maintain high standards of critical consciousness in methodological domains but not in the broader historical and sociocultural domains which subsume them. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Berkwits, M (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 71 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 47 IS 10 BP 1539 EP 1545 DI 10.1016/S0277-9536(98)00232-9 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 130ZA UT WOS:000076549500014 PM 9823049 ER PT J AU Stiens, SA Luttrel, W Binard, JE AF Stiens, SA Luttrel, W Binard, JE TI Polyethylene glycol versus vegetable oil based bisacodyl suppositories to initiate side-lying bowel care: A clinical trial in persons with spinal cord injury SO SPINAL CORD LA English DT Article DE colon; spinal cord injury; constipation; bisacodyl; incontinence; suppository ID NEUROGENIC BOWEL; DYSFUNCTION; MANAGEMENT AB Introduction: Neurogenic bowel dysfunction resulting from spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently requires bowel care (BC) with stimulant suppositories for initiation of effective defecation. The excessive time required for BC and bowel complications have limited quality of life after SCI. Objective: To test the hypothesis that: the time required for bowel care with bisacodyl suppositories can be reduced by substituting a polyethylene glycol base (PGB for the traditional hydrogenated vegetable oil base (HVB) in the suppository. Setting: inpatient SCI medicine unit. Subjects: Fourteen persons with SCI with chronic stable paralysis from upper motor neuron SCI for greater than one year with a stable HVB bisacodyl suppository initiated BC. Design: Crossover Controlled. Method: Subjects received HVB bisacodyl suppositories for six sequential BC sessions and then were crossed over to PGB bisacodyl suppositories for six more BCs. Outcome measures: BC event times were utilized to derive BC intervals: suppository insertion to first flatus = Time to flatus, first flatus until the beginning of stool flow = Flatus to stool flow, begin stool flow until end stool flow = Defecation period end stool flow until end of clean up = Clean up, and suppository insertion until end clean up = Total bowel care time. Results: The data included two groups of BC sessions: HVB (n = 84) and PGB (n = 81). Mean times in minutes and P values from t tests for paired samples yielded: Time to flatus: (HVB 31, PGB 12.8 P < 0.002), Defecation period: (HVB 58, PGB 32, P < 0.0005), Clean up: (HVB 1.9, PGB 3.2 P = 0.165), Total bowel care time: (HVB 102, PGB 51.2 P < 0.0005). Conclusion: This analysis suggests that PGB based bisacodyl suppositories may stimulate reflex defecation sooner and shorten the Total BC Time as compared with HVB bisacodyl suppositories. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med RJ30, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. Univ S Florida, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Tampa, FL USA. Univ S Florida, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Family Med, Tampa, FL USA. RP Stiens, SA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med RJ30, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, BB938 Hlth Sci Bldg,1959 NE Pacific, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1362-4393 J9 SPINAL CORD JI Spinal Cord PD NOV PY 1998 VL 36 IS 11 BP 777 EP 781 DI 10.1038/sj.sc.3100702 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 138VJ UT WOS:000076993800008 PM 9848486 ER PT J AU Pang, XP Hershman, JM AF Pang, XP Hershman, JM TI Transforming growth factor-beta 1 resistance in a thyroid cancer model of tumor necrosis factor-alpha resistance SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID BETA TGF-BETA; KAPPA-B ACTIVATION; CELL-CYCLE ARREST; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CARCINOMA CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; P53; PROLIFERATION; INHIBITION; SECRETION AB We have shown that both tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) inhibit the growth of the human papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) cell line, NPA. In previous work, we developed NPA cells that were resistant to the growth suppressive effect of TNF-alpha, called R30, R45, and R60. In this model there were alterations in the p55 and p75 TNF-alpha receptor signaling in the resistant cell lines. In the present work, we studied the action of TGF-beta 1 in this PTC cell model. TGF-beta 1 (111 pg/mL) inhibited the proliferation of NPA, R30, R45, and the R60 cell lines by 82.8%, 72.1%, 64.2%, and 24.2%, respectively. On Western analysis, TGF-beta 1 reduced c-fos content with similar potency in the NPA and R60 cells. In contrast, TNF-alpha reduced c-fos content in the sensitive NPA cells, but failed to do so in the resistant R60 cells. TGF-beta 1 reduced p53 content in the NPA but not in the R60 cells, while TNF-alpha did not affect the p53 content in these cells. Furthermore, the resistant cells had a lower baseline p53 content than the NPA cells, The resistant cells had a significantly increased growth rate. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assays with specific antibody against human p53 showed no apparent increase in the mutant form of p53 in the resistant cells. There were also no mutant forms of Ha-Ras, Arg(12)p21, Val(12)p21, Asp(12)p21, and Asp(13)p21 detected in the resistant cells. The results showed that R30, R45, and R60 cells are partially resistant to TGF beta 1. The mechanisms of action of TNF-alpha and TGF-beta 1 differ in their regulation of c-fos and p53 content. The increase in cell proliferation rate is apparently associated with a decrease of p53 content, but not with mutations of p53 or Ha-Ras. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Thyroid Canc Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Pang, XP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Thyroid Canc Res Lab, Bldg 114,Room 200,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 61863] NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD NOV PY 1998 VL 8 IS 11 BP 1065 EP 1070 DI 10.1089/thy.1998.8.1065 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 142JR UT WOS:000077197600016 PM 9848725 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Caplan, AL AF Ubel, PA Caplan, AL TI Geographic favoritism in liver transplantation - Unfortunate or unfair? SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; RETRANSPLANTATION; PROCUREMENT; EXPERIENCE; EQUITY; ORGAN; ALLOCATION; ATTITUDES; DONATION C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 34 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 29 PY 1998 VL 339 IS 18 BP 1322 EP 1325 DI 10.1056/NEJM199810293391811 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 132XC UT WOS:000076655300011 PM 9791151 ER PT J AU Kundur, R Reynertson, SI Hariman, RJ Olshansky, B Louie, EK AF Kundur, R Reynertson, SI Hariman, RJ Olshansky, B Louie, EK TI Left atrial appendage stunning after radiofrequency ablation of atrial flutter, a transesophageal Doppler study. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 934 BP 181 EP 181 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594400975 ER PT J AU Mendez, MV Scott, T LaMorte, W Menzolan, JO Vokonas, P Garcia, R AF Mendez, MV Scott, T LaMorte, W Menzolan, JO Vokonas, P Garcia, R TI Chronic inflammatory diseases are associated with peripheral vascular disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Boston, MA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 1074 BP 207 EP 207 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594401111 ER PT J AU Raitt, MH Klein, RC Greene, LH Wilkoff, BL Wyse, GD Beckman, KJ Martins, JB Kim, SG Epstein, AE Engelstein, ED Friedman, PI AF Raitt, MH Klein, RC Greene, LH Wilkoff, BL Wyse, GD Beckman, KJ Martins, JB Kim, SG Epstein, AE Engelstein, ED Friedman, PI TI Arrhythmia recurrence in patients presenting with ventricular fibrillation compared to ventricular tachycardia in the antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators (AVID) trial SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 2600 BP 494 EP 494 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594402624 ER PT J AU Renfroe, EG Raitt, MH McAnulty, J Epstein, AE Carlson, MD Powell, JL Hallstrom, A AF Renfroe, EG Raitt, MH McAnulty, J Epstein, AE Carlson, MD Powell, JL Hallstrom, A TI "Stable" ventricular tachycardia may not be benign: Insights from the antiarrhythmics versus implantable defibrillators (AVID) registry SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 2599 BP 494 EP 494 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594402623 ER PT J AU Wharton, JM Sorrentino, RA Campbell, P Gonzalez-Zuelgaray, J Keating, E Curtis, A Grill, C Hafley, G Lee, K AF Wharton, JM Sorrentino, RA Campbell, P Gonzalez-Zuelgaray, J Keating, E Curtis, A Grill, C Hafley, G Lee, K CA PAC-A-TACH Investigators TI Effect of pacing modality on atrial tachyarrhythmia recurrence in the tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome: Preliminary results of the pacemaker atrial tachycardia trial SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 2601 BP 494 EP 494 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594402625 ER PT J AU Friedman, PL Brodsky, MA Yao, Q Lancaster, SE Leon, H Greene, L Beckman, K Carlson, MD Curtis, AB Raitt, MH Wilkoff, BL AF Friedman, PL Brodsky, MA Yao, Q Lancaster, SE Leon, H Greene, L Beckman, K Carlson, MD Curtis, AB Raitt, MH Wilkoff, BL CA AVID investigators TI Survival after ventricular arrhythmias due to a transient, correctable cause in the antiarrhythmics vs implantable defibrillators (AVID) trial registry SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Orange, CA 92668 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Cleveland Clin, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 2604 BP 495 EP 495 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594402628 ER PT J AU Wyse, DG Love, JC Yao, Q Carlson, MD Cassidy, P Greene, HL Martins, JB Ocampo, C Raitt, MH Schron, EB Stamato, NJ AF Wyse, DG Love, JC Yao, Q Carlson, MD Cassidy, P Greene, HL Martins, JB Ocampo, C Raitt, MH Schron, EB Stamato, NJ CA Antiarrhythm Implant Defibrill Stud Invest TI Atrial fibrillation: A risk factor for increased mortality in patients with ventricular tachyarrhythmias - An AVID registry analysis SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. Maine Med Ctr, Portland, ME 04102 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Rochester, Rochester, MN USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. NHLBI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Wilson Reg Med Ctr, Johnson City, NY USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 3329 BP 633 EP 633 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594403347 ER PT J AU Raizner, AE Oesterle, S Waksman, R Ali, N Levy, G Fitzgerald, P Serruys, P Calfee, R Lee, D AF Raizner, AE Oesterle, S Waksman, R Ali, N Levy, G Fitzgerald, P Serruys, P Calfee, R Lee, D TI The PREVENT trial, a feasibility study of intracoronary brachytherapy in the prevention of restenosis: An interim report SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Washington Hosp Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Erasmus Univ, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Guidant VI, Houston, TX USA. Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 3423 BP 651 EP 651 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594403440 ER PT J AU Ali, NM Buergler, JM Khan, MM Raizner, AE AF Ali, NM Buergler, JM Khan, MM Raizner, AE TI The effect of intracoronary beta-radiation dose on neointimal formation and vascular remodeling after arterial injury in a porcine coronary restenosis model. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 3554 BP 676 EP 676 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594403571 ER PT J AU Ali, NM Buergler, JM Raizner, AE AF Ali, NM Buergler, JM Raizner, AE TI The effect of intracoronary beta-radiation dose on neointimal formation and percent area stenosis in a stented porcine coronary restenosis model. SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 17 SU S MA 3552 BP 676 EP 676 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 131UV UT WOS:000076594403569 ER PT J AU Clark, LN Poorkaj, P Wszolek, Z Geschwind, DH Nasreddine, ZS Miller, B Li, D Payami, H Awert, F Markopoulou, K Andreadis, A D'Souza, I Lee, VMY Reed, L Trojanowski, JQ Zhukareva, V Bird, T Schellenberg, G Wilhelmsen, KC AF Clark, LN Poorkaj, P Wszolek, Z Geschwind, DH Nasreddine, ZS Miller, B Li, D Payami, H Awert, F Markopoulou, K Andreadis, A D'Souza, I Lee, VMY Reed, L Trojanowski, JQ Zhukareva, V Bird, T Schellenberg, G Wilhelmsen, KC TI Pathogenic implications of mutations in the tau gene in pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration and related neurodegenerative disorders linked to chromosome 17 SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE frontotemporal dementia and Parkinsonism; tauopathies; glial and neuronal tangles; microtubule associated proteins; Alzheimer's disease ID FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MICROTUBULE-BINDING; PARKINSONISM; LOCALIZATION; PHOSPHORYLATION; SEQUENCES; 17Q21-22; ISOFORMS; PROTEINS AB Pallido-ponto-nigral degeneration (PPND) is one of the most well characterized familial neurodegenerative disorders linked to chromosome 17q21-22, These hereditary disorders are known collectively as frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17), Although the clinical features and associated regional variations in the neuronal loss observed in different FTDP-17 kindreds are diverse, the diagnostic lesions of FTDP-17 brains are tau-rich filaments in the cytoplasm of specific subpopulations of neurons and glial cells. The microtubule associated protein (tau) gene is located on chromosome 17q21-22. For these reasons, we investigated the possibility that PPND and other FTDP-17 syndromes might be caused by mutations in the tau gene. Two missense mutations in exon 10 of the tau gene that segregate with disease, (Asn)279(Lys) in the PPND kindred and (Pro)301(Leu) in four other FTDP-17 kindreds, were found. A third mutation was found in the intron adjacent to the 3' splice site of exon 10 in patients from another FTDP-17 family. Transcripts that contain exon 10 encode tau isoforms with four microtubule (MT) binding repeats (4Rtau) as opposed to tau isoforms with three MT-binding repeats (3Rtau),The insoluble tau aggregates isolated from brains of patients with each mutation were analyzed by immunoblotting using tau-specific antibodies, For each of three mutations, abnormal tau with an apparent M-r of 64 and 69 was observed. The dephosphorylated material comigrated with tau isoforms containing exon 10 having four MT-binding repeats but not with 3Rtau, Thus, the brains of patients with both the missense mutations and the splice junction mutation contain aggregates of insoluble 4Rtau in filamentous inclusions, which may lead to neurodegeneration. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Ernest Gallo Clin & Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Neurol Sect, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Program Neurogenet,Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Sherbrooke, Serv Neurol, Hop Charles LeMoyne, Sherbrooke, PQ J1H 5N4, Canada. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Free Univ Amsterdam, Dept Human Genet, Fac Med, NL-1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands. Eunice Kennedy Shriver Ctr Mental Retardat Inc, Dept Biomed Sci, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Wilhelmsen, KC (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ernest Gallo Clin & Res Ctr, Bldg 1,Room 101,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. FU ACF HHS [AF1176-03]; NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG010124, AG-10124, AG-10210, P01 AG009215, P01 AG014382, P01 AG014449, P30 AG008017, P50 AG005136] NR 23 TC 337 Z9 343 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 27 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 22 BP 13103 EP 13107 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.22.13103 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 134RT UT WOS:000076757300070 PM 9789048 ER PT J AU DeLorey, TM Handforth, A Homanics, GE Olsen, RW AF DeLorey, TM Handforth, A Homanics, GE Olsen, RW TI Mice lacking the gabrb3 gene have epilepsy and behavioral characteristics of Angelman syndrome SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Mol Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD OCT 26 PY 1998 VL 809 IS 1 MA P41 BP A29 EP A29 PG 1 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 134BJ UT WOS:000076722700096 ER PT J AU Yang, L Embree, LJ Tsai, S Hickstein, DD AF Yang, L Embree, LJ Tsai, S Hickstein, DD TI Oncoprotein TLS interacts with serine-arsnine proteins involved in RNA splicing SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PRE-MESSENGER-RNA; HUMAN MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; C-TERMINAL DOMAIN; POLYMERASE-II; SR PROTEINS; IN-VIVO; BINDING PROTEIN; CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION; FACTOR SF2; FUSION AB The gene encoding the human TLS protein, also termed FUS, is located at the site of chromosomal translocations in human leukemias and sarcomas where it forms a chimeric fusion gene with one of several different genes. To identify interacting partners of TLS, we screened a yeast two-hybrid cDNA library constructed from mouse hematopoietic cells using the C-terminal region of TLS in the bait plasmid. Two cDNAs encoding members of the serine-arginine (SR) family of proteins were isolated. The first SR protein is the mouse homolog of human splicing factor SC35, and the second SR member is a novel 183-amino acid protein that we term TASR (TLS-associated serine-arginine protein). cDNA cloning of human TASR indicated that mouse and human TASR have identical amino acid sequences. The interactions between TLS and these two SR proteins were confirmed by co-transfection and immunoprecipitation studies. In vivo splicing assays indicated that SC35 and TASR influence splice site selection of adenovirus E1A pre-mRNA. TLS may recruit SR splicing factors to specific target genes through interaction with its C-terminal region, and chromosomal translocations that truncate the C-terminal region of TLS may prevent this interaction. Thus TLS translocations may alter RNA processing and play a role in malignant transformation. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Mol Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hickstein, DD (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, 1660 S Columbian Way,GMR 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 40 TC 159 Z9 166 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 23 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 43 BP 27761 EP 27764 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.43.27761 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 130ZD UT WOS:000076549800002 PM 9774382 ER PT J AU Williams, MD Van Remmen, H Conrad, CC Huang, TT Epstein, CJ Richardson, A AF Williams, MD Van Remmen, H Conrad, CC Huang, TT Epstein, CJ Richardson, A TI Increased oxidative damage is correlated to altered mitochondrial function in heterozygous manganese superoxide dismutase knockout mice SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IRON-SULFUR CLUSTERS; PERMEABILITY TRANSITION; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; COENZYME-Q; RAT-HEART; COMPLEX-I; ACONITASE; TRANSCRIPTION; ACTIVATION AB This study characterizes mitochondria isolated from livers of Sod2(-/+) and Sod2(+/+) mice. A 50% decrease in manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity was observed in mitochondria isolated from Sod2(-/+) mice compared with Sod2(+/+) mice, with no change in the activities of either glutathione peroxidase or copper/zinc superoxide dismutase, However, the level of total glutathione was 30% less in liver mitochondria of the Sod2(-/+) mice. The reduction in MnSOD activity in Sod2(-/+) mice was correlated to an increase in oxidative damage to mitochondria: decreased activities of the Fe-S proteins (aconitase and NADH oxidoreductase), increased carbonyl groups in proteins, and increased levels of 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine in mitochondrial DNA. In contrast, there were no significant changes in oxidative damage in the cytosolic proteins or nuclear DNA. The increase in oxidative damage in mitochondria was correlated to altered mitochondrial function. A significant decrease in the respiratory control ratio was observed in mitochondria isolated from Sod2(-/+) mice compared with Sod2(+/+) mice for substrates metabolized by complexes I, II, and III. In addition, mitochondria isolated from Sod2(-/+) mice showed an increased rate of induction of the permeability transition. Therefore, this study provides direct evidence correlating reduced MnSOD activity in vivo to increased oxidative damage in mitochondria and alterations in mitochondrial function. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM richardsona@uthscsa.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG15908, AG08938] NR 48 TC 325 Z9 335 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 23 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 43 BP 28510 EP 28515 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.43.28510 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 130ZD UT WOS:000076549800101 PM 9774481 ER PT J AU Green, LA Rhame, FS Price, RW Perlman, DC Capps, LG Sampson, JH Deyton, LR Schnittman, SM Fisher, EJ Bartsch, GE Krum, EA Neaton, JD AF Green, LA Rhame, FS Price, RW Perlman, DC Capps, LG Sampson, JH Deyton, LR Schnittman, SM Fisher, EJ Bartsch, GE Krum, EA Neaton, JD CA Terry Beirn Community Programs Clini Res Aids TI Experience with a cross-study endpoint review committee for AIDS clinical trials SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE Endpoint review; endpoint committee; progression of HIV disease; clinical events; AIDS clinical trials ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII PNEUMONIA; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; CUBIC MILLIMETER; AEROSOLIZED PENTAMIDINE; CONTINUED ZIDOVUDINE; HIV-INFECTION; DIDANOSINE; TYPE-1 AB Objectives: To describe the methods and results of a standardized system for clinical endpoint determination for defining and reviewing endpoints in clinical trials for HIV-infected individuals. Design: A system was developed utilizing standard definitions for the 24 diagnoses or clinical events that serve as trial endpoints and together define the combined endpoint 'progression of HIV disease'. A common set of case report forms were used for all trials. Thus, an event of Pneumocystis carnii pneumonia (PCP), for example, for a subject co-enrolled in an antiretroviral trial and a PCP prophylaxis trial was only reported once. Methods: A central committee was established to define clinical events and review endpoints across all studies. Events were classified according to established criteria for confirmed, probable and possible levels of certainty. Results: This report describes the methods used to ascertain and review endpoints, and summarized 2299 clinical events for 8097 subjects enrolled in one or more of nine clinical trials. Data an the diagnostic certainty of events and agreement between site clinicians and the endpoint committee are presented. Conclusions: Uniform classification of endpoints across AIDS clinical trials can be accomplished by multicenter, multitrial organizations with standardized definitions and review of endpoint documentation. Our experience suggests that nurse coordinators reviewing all submitted endpoints for every trial are warranted and the need for external review by a clinical events committee may depend on the type of trial conducted. (C) 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, CPCRA Stat Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. Abbott NW Hosp, Minneapolis, MN 55407 USA. San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, New York, NY 10003 USA. Harlem AIDS Treatment Grp, New York, NY USA. Res & Educ Grp, Portland, OR USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. Bristol Myers Squibb, Wallingford, CT USA. Richmond AIDS Consortium, Richmond, VA USA. RP Green, LA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Biostat, CPCRA Stat Ctr, 2221 Univ Ave SE,Suite 200, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-55258] NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD OCT 22 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 15 BP 1983 EP 1990 DI 10.1097/00002030-199815000-00009 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 132WF UT WOS:000076653100011 PM 9814866 ER PT J AU Hersh, WR Hickam, DH AF Hersh, WR Hickam, DH TI How well do physicians use electronic information retrieval systems? A framework for investigation and systematic review SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID BIBLIOGRAPHIC RETRIEVAL; CLINICAL QUESTIONS; MEDICAL LITERATURE; ONLINE ACCESS; PRIMARY-CARE; MEDLINE; COMPUTER; KNOWLEDGE; SETTINGS; IMPACT AB Objective.-Despite the proliferation of electronic information retrieval (IR) systems for physicians, their effectiveness has not been well assessed. The purpose of this review is to provide a conceptual framework and to apply the results of previous studies to this framework. Data Sources.-All sources of medical informatics and information science literature, including MEDLINE, along with bibliographies of textbooks in these areas, were searched from 1966 to January 1998. Study Selection.-All articles presenting either classifications of evaluation studies or their results, with an emphasis on those studying use by physicians. Data Extraction.-A framework for evaluation was developed, consisting of frequency of use, purpose of use, user satisfaction, searching utility, search failure, and outcomes. All studies were then assessed based on the framework. Data Synthesis.-Due to the heterogeneity and simplistic study designs, no meta-analysis of studies could be done. General conclusions were drawn from data where appropriate. A total of 47 articles were found to include an evaluation component and were used to develop the framework. Of these, 21 articles met the inclusion criteria for 1 or more of the categories in the framework. Most use of IR systems by physicians still occurs with bibliographic rather than full-text databases. Overall use of IR systems occurs just 0.3 to 9 times per physician per month, whereas physicians have 2 unanswered questions for every 3 patients. Conclusions.-Studies comparing IR systems with different searching features have not shown that advanced searching methods are significantly more effective than simple text word methods. Most searches retrieve only one fourth to one half of the relevant articles on a given topic and, once retrieved, little is known about how these articles are interpreted or applied. These studies imply that further research and development are needed to improve system utility and performance. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Med, Div Med Informat & Outcomes Res, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Portland, OR USA. RP Hersh, WR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Med, Div Med Informat & Outcomes Res, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,BlCC, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM hersh@ohsu.edu RI Tao, Youyou/D-2367-2014 OI Hersh, William/0000-0002-4114-5148 NR 35 TC 133 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 21 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 15 BP 1347 EP 1352 DI 10.1001/jama.280.15.1347 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 129PQ UT WOS:000076472500029 PM 9794316 ER PT J AU Guo, ZM Van Remmen, H Wu, WT Richardson, A AF Guo, ZM Van Remmen, H Wu, WT Richardson, A TI Effect of cAMP-induced transcription on the repair of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene by hepatocytes isolated from young and old rats SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNA REPAIR LA English DT Article DE age; dietary restriction; transcription; DNA repair; PEPCK; primary cultures of rat hepatocyte ID CYCLOBUTANE PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; RNA-POLYMERASE-II; DNA-REPAIR; PREFERENTIAL REPAIR; ACTIVE GENES; MONOLAYER-CULTURE; COCKAYNE-SYNDROME; COUPLED REPAIR; FINE-STRUCTURE; MESSENGER-RNA AB The repair of UV-induced DNA damage in the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene was studied in primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from young (6-month-old) and old (24-month-old) rats fed ad libitum and old rats fed a calorie-restricted diet. Incubation of the hepatocytes with cAMP rapidly induced PEPCK transcription and mRNA levels 4- to 5-fold. In absence of cAMP, the repair of the PEPCK fragment was similar in cultured hepatocytes isolated from young and old rats fed ad libitum. However, cAMP significantly increased the percentage of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) removed from the PEPCK fragment 12 h after UV-irradiation in cultured hepatocytes isolated from young rats fed ad libitum. This increase was due to an increase in the repair of the transcribed strand of the PEPCK fragment. In contrast, cAMP did not increase the repair of the PEPCK fragment in cultured hepatocytes isolated from old rats fed ad libitum in spite of an increase in PEPCK transcription. Thus, it appears that the coupling of transcription and DNA repair is compromised in cultured hepatocytes isolated from old rats fed ad libitum. However, cultured hepatocytes isolated from old rats fed a calorie-restricted diet showed an induction in the rate of repair of the transcribed strand of the PEPCK fragment by cAMP that was similar to hepatocytes isolated from young rats fed ad libitum. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Audie Murphy VA Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Audie Murphy VA Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG15134, AG01548] NR 51 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8777 J9 MUTAT RES-DNA REPAIR JI Mutat. Res.-DNA Repair PD OCT 21 PY 1998 VL 409 IS 1 BP 37 EP 48 DI 10.1016/S0921-8777(98)00041-X PG 12 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 129LA UT WOS:000076463600005 PM 9806501 ER PT J AU Kee, KS Kern, RS Green, MF AF Kee, KS Kern, RS Green, MF TI Perception of emotion and neurocognitive functioning in schizophrenia: what's the link? SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE visual scanning; vigilance; social cognition; affect recognition; working memory ID GENERALIZED POOR PERFORMANCE; AFFECTIVE-DISORDERS; WORKING-MEMORY; FACIAL EMOTION; RECOGNITION; DEFICIT; IMPAIRMENT AB In schizophrenia, relatively little is known about the association between deficits in emotion perception and basic neurocognitive functioning. The present study examined perception of emotion and a discrete set of neurocognitive functions in 28 treatment-resistant schizophrenic patients. Measures of emotion perception included a facial emotion identification test (still photographs presented on videotape), a voice emotion identification test (audiotape), and an affect perception test (brief interpersonal vignettes presented on videotape). Measures of neurocognitive functioning were selected based on hypothesized relationships to perception of emotion. These measures included: (a) Span of Apprehension task, a measure of early visual processing, visual scanning, and iconic read-out; (b) Degraded-Stimulus Continuous Performance Test, a measure of visual vigilance; and (c) Digit Span Distractibility Test, a measure of immediate or working memory. Among these measures, performance on the Span of Apprehension strongly correlated with performance on all three emotion perception tasks. The associations between perception of emotion and the other two measures were in the same direction, but were significantly smaller than those of the Span of Apprehension. These findings implicate the importance of early perceptual processing (i.e. visual scanning) in the ability of schizophrenic individuals to perceive emotion. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Kee, KS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd 116AR,Bldg 208, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM kee@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-14584] NR 34 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD OCT 19 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 1 BP 57 EP 65 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(98)00083-3 PG 9 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 135WJ UT WOS:000076825400007 PM 9829651 ER PT J AU Kern, RS Green, MF Marshall, BD Wirshing, WC Wirshing, D McGurk, S Marder, SR Mintz, J AF Kern, RS Green, MF Marshall, BD Wirshing, WC Wirshing, D McGurk, S Marder, SR Mintz, J TI Risperidone vs. haloperidol on reaction time, manual dexterity, and motor learning in treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; risperidone; haloperidol; reaction time; manual dexterity; psychomotor speed ID CLOZAPINE; MEMORY; NEUROLEPTICS; INPATIENTS; ALZHEIMERS; PREDICTION; DOMINANCE; DISEASE; SYMPTOM; SUCCESS AB Background: The present study compared the effects of risperidone vs. haloperidol on reaction time, manual dexterity, and two types of motor learning in a sample of treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients. Methods: Fifty-six DSM-III-R diagnosed schizophrenia inpatients participated in a randomized double-blind comparison of risperidone vs. haloperidol, Measures of reaction rime, manual dexterity, motor sequence learning and gross motor learning were administered at baseline, after 4 weeks of fixed-dose medication, and after 4 weeks of flexible-dose medication. Results: The results indicated that patients receiving risperidone showed greater improvement in reaction time and manual dexterity than patients receiving haloperidol. After covarying symptom changes and movement disorder ratings, the results remained significant. The two treatment groups did not differ on either measure of motor learning. Conclusions: The differences in performance in reaction rime and manual dexterity may be due to a specific beneficial effect of risperidone, as opposed to a general reduction in extrapyramidal symptom liability, compared to haloperidol. Biol Psychiatry 1998;44: 726-732 Published 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Camarillo State Hosp & Dev Ctr, Camarillo, CA USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Psychiat, Nashville, TN USA. RP Kern, RS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, B116AR,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 37 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 44 IS 8 BP 726 EP 732 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00088-2 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 130KX UT WOS:000076520200010 PM 9798076 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Spellberg, BJ Erhart, SM Marder, SR Wirshing, WC AF Wirshing, DA Spellberg, BJ Erhart, SM Marder, SR Wirshing, WC TI Novel antipsychotics and new onset diabetes SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE clozapine; olanzapine; diabetes; side effect; serotonin; atypical antipsychotic ID WEIGHT-GAIN; FOOD-INTAKE; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; RECEPTOR AGONIST; CLOZAPINE; SEROTONIN; GLUCOSE; RATS; KETOACIDOSIS; INSULIN AB Background: The new antipsychotics induce minimal extrapyramidal side effects, probably due to their relatively greater affinity for certain nondopaminergic receptors than their older, conventional counterparts; however, this polyreceptor affinity may be responsible for the development of other adverse effects. One serious adverse effect that may be linked to these effects is non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Methods: We summarize 6 new cases of clozapine- and olanzapine-associated diabetes that we have documented in our clinic. We compare our cases to previous reports and tabulate the pertinent similarities among cases. Results: Two of the cases were olanzapine-associated and 4 were clozapine-associated diabetes. Five of our 6 patients had risk factors for diabetes, as have 7 of the 9 previously reported in the literature. Four of our 6 patients, and 2 of the 4 prior cases in which such data were reported, experienced substantial weight gain after starting their antipsychotics. Conclusions: Novel antipsychotics should be administered with great care to patients with risk factors for diabetes. Although the precise mechanism of the novel antipsychotic-associated diabetes is unclear, we hypothesize that histaminic and possibly serotonergic antagonisin induces weight gain, which in turn leads to changes in glucose homeostasis. Additionally, serotonin,, antagonism might decrease pancreatic beta-cell responsiveness, resulting in inappropriately low insulin and hyperglycemia. Biol Psychiatry 1998;44: 778-783 (C) 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 210B,Room 15, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 50 TC 292 Z9 307 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 44 IS 8 BP 778 EP 783 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00100-0 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 130KX UT WOS:000076520200017 PM 9798083 ER PT J AU Doyle, PJ Spencer, KA McNeil, MR Wambaugh, JL Carroll, B Park, G AF Doyle, PJ Spencer, KA McNeil, MR Wambaugh, JL Carroll, B Park, G TI Accessing the phonological output lexicon: Generalized responding in a patient with lexical form dysnomia SO BRAIN AND LANGUAGE LA English DT Meeting Abstract ID ACTIVATION C1 VA Pistssburgh Hlth Care Syst, Aphasia Rehabil Res Lab & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. Salt Lake City VA Med Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0093-934X J9 BRAIN LANG JI Brain Lang. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 65 IS 1 BP 191 EP 195 PG 5 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Linguistics; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA 132LY UT WOS:000076632600071 ER PT J AU Gilkeson, GS Conover, J Halpern, M Pisetsky, DS Feagin, A Klinman, DM AF Gilkeson, GS Conover, J Halpern, M Pisetsky, DS Feagin, A Klinman, DM TI Effects of bacterial DNA on cytokine production by (NZB/NZW)F-1 mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; INTERFERON-GAMMA; ANTI-DNA; NZB/W F1-MICE; CPG MOTIFS; IMMUNIZATION; MURINE; ANTIBODIES; CELLS AB Microbial DNA has multiple immune effects including the capacity to induce polyclonal B cell activation and cytokine production in normal mice. We recently described the accelerated induction of anti-DNA Abs in NZB/NZW mice immunized with Escherichia coli (EC) dsDNA; paradoxically; these mice developed less renal disease than unimmunized mice or mice immunized with calf thymus DNA. We postulated that alterations in cytokine production induced by bacterial DNA may play a key role in renal protection. To determine the effect of bacterial DNA on cytokine production in NZB/NZW mice, we measured the serum cytokine levels, cell culture supernatant cytokine levels, and number of cytokine-producing splenocytes in NZB/NZW mice injected with EC DNA, calf thymus DNA, or an immune active oligonucleotide. There was a 10- to 25-fold increase in the number of cells secreting IFN-gamma compared with IL-4 in mice immunized with EC DNA. IL-12-secreting cells were also increased by bacterial DNA immunization, In parallel with the increase in IFN-gamma secreting cells, there was a significant rise in serum IFN-gamma levels in mice receiving EC DNA. These results indicate that EC DNA modulates systemic cytokine levels in NZB/NZW mice, selectively increasing IL-12 and IFN-gamma while decreasing IL-4 production, The cytokine response of NZB/NZW mice to bacterial DNA may be of significance in disease pathogenesis and relevant to the treatment of lupus-like disease. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Durham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. US FDA, Sect Retroviral Res, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gilkeson, GS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, 912 Clin Sci Bldg,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR43891] NR 26 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 161 IS 8 BP 3890 EP 3895 PG 6 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 127GV UT WOS:000076343300014 PM 9780154 ER PT J AU DeLorey, TM Handforth, A Anagnostaras, SG Homanics, GE Minassian, BA Asatourian, A Fanselow, MS Delgado-Escueta, A Ellison, GD Olsen, RW AF DeLorey, TM Handforth, A Anagnostaras, SG Homanics, GE Minassian, BA Asatourian, A Fanselow, MS Delgado-Escueta, A Ellison, GD Olsen, RW TI Mice lacking the beta(3) subunit of the GABA(A) receptor have the epilepsy phenotype and many of the behavioral characteristics of Angelman syndrome SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE epilepsy; seizure; Angelman syndrome; GABA(A) receptor; mouse model; GABRB3; learning and memory; hyperactivity; motor coordination; sleep ID PRADER-WILLI; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; ABSENCE SEIZURES; DELETION; FEAR; EEG; CHROMOSOME-15; EXPRESSION; MUTATIONS AB Angelman syndrome (AS) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder resulting from a deletion/mutation in maternal chromosome 15q11-13. The genes in 15q11-13 contributing to the full array of the clinical phenotype are not fully identified. This study examines whether a loss or reduction in the GABA(A) receptor beta(3) subunit (GABRB3) gene, contained within the AS deletion region, may contribute to the overall severity of AS. Disrupting the gabrb3 gene in mice produces electroencephalographic abnormalities, seizures, and behavior that parallel those seen in AS. The seizures that are observed in these mice showed a pharmacological response profile to antiepileptic medications similar to that observed in AS. Additionally, these mice exhibited learning and memory deficits, poor motor skills on a repetitive task, hyperactivity, and a disturbed rest-activity cycle, features all common to AS. The loss of the single gene, gabrb3, in these mice is sufficient to cause phenotypic traits that have marked similarities to the clinical features of AS, indicating that impaired expression of the GABRB3 gene in humans probably contributes to the overall phenotype of Angelman syndrome. At least one other gene, the EG-associated protein ubiquitin-protein ligase (UBE3A) gene, has been implicated in AS, so the relative contribution of the GABRB3 gene alone or in combination with other genes remains to be established. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Anesthesiol Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Olsen, RW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA10422]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS28772] NR 39 TC 270 Z9 280 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD OCT 15 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 20 BP 8505 EP 8514 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 126WL UT WOS:000076317600037 PM 9763493 ER PT J AU Christie, JD Rosen, IM Bellini, LM Inglesby, TV Lindsay, J Alper, A Asch, DA AF Christie, JD Rosen, IM Bellini, LM Inglesby, TV Lindsay, J Alper, A Asch, DA TI Prescription drug use and self-prescription among resident physicians SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE AB Context.-Self-prescription is common among practicing physicians, but little is known about the practice among resident physicians. Objective.-To determine prescription drug use and self-prescription among US resident physicians. Design and Setting.-Anonymous mail survey of all resident physicians in 4 US categorical internal medicine training programs in February 1997. Main Outcome Measures.-Self-reported use of health care services and prescription medications and how they were obtained. Results.-A total of 316 (83%) of 381 residents responded; 244 residents (78%) reported using at least 1 prescription medicine and 162 residents (52%) reported self-prescribing medications. Twenty-five percent of all medications and 42% of self-prescribed medications were obtained from a sample cabinet; 7% of all medications and 11% of self-prescribed medications were obtained directly from a pharmaceutical company representative. Conclusions.-Self-prescription is common among resident physicians. Although self-prescription is difficult to evaluate, the source of these medications and the lack of oversight of medication use raise questions about the practice. C1 Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Stanford, CA USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, 3641 Locust Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 8 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 14 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 14 BP 1253 EP 1255 DI 10.1001/jama.280.14.1253 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 127NR UT WOS:000076357900032 PM 9786376 ER PT J AU Prochazka, AV Weaver, MJ Keller, RT Fryer, GE Licari, PA Lofaso, D AF Prochazka, AV Weaver, MJ Keller, RT Fryer, GE Licari, PA Lofaso, D TI A randomized trial of nortriptyline for smoking cessation SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MAJOR DEPRESSION; NICOTINE WITHDRAWAL; SMOKERS; PLACEBO; REINFORCEMENT; CLONIDINE; SYMPTOMS; THERAPY; HEAVY AB Background: Smoking cessation rates with current therapy are suboptimal. One class of drugs that may improve cessation is the tricyclics. Objective: To add nortriptyline hydrochloride to a behavioral smoking cessation program to enhance cessation rates and reduce withdrawal symptoms. Subjects and Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial at an affiliated Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and an Army Medical. Center. Subjects were aged 18 through 70 years, smoked 10 or more cigarettes per day, and were without current major depression. Nortriptyline hydrochloride or matched placebo was started at 25 mg before bed 10 days prior to quit day and titrated to 75 mg/d or to the maximal tolerated dose. The behavioral intervention consisted of 2 group sessions and 12 individual follow-up visits. Withdrawal symptoms were measured using a daily diary, and smoking cessation was defined as self-reported abstinence, expired carbon monoxide of 9 ppm or less, and a 6-month urine cotinine level of less than 50 ng/mL. Results: A total of 214 patients were randomized (108 to nortriptyline and 106 to placebo). There was a significant reduction in several withdrawal symptoms including anxious/tense, anger/irritability, difficulty concentrating, restlessness, and impatience by day 8 after quit day in the nortriptyline group. The cessation rate at 6 months was 15 (14%) of 108 and 3 (3%) of 106, respectively (P = .003; absolute difference, 11%; 95% confidence interval, -18% to -4%). Nortriptyline caused frequent adverse effects, including dry mouth (64%) and dysgeusia (20%). Conclusions: We conclude that nortriptyline led to an increased short-term cessation rate compared with placebo. In addition, there were significant, but relatively small, reductions in withdrawal symptoms. Nortriptyline may represent a new therapeutic approach to smoking cessation. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO USA. Fitzsimons Army Med Ctr, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. Inteck Inc, Denver, CO USA. USA, Med Detachment 528, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Prochazka, AV (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ambulatory Care 11B,1055 Clermont, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 30 TC 113 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD OCT 12 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 18 BP 2035 EP 2039 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.18.2035 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 128PY UT WOS:000076416100012 PM 9778204 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG AF Shekelle, PG TI What role for chiropractic in health care? SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; MANIPULATION; COSTS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD OCT 8 PY 1998 VL 339 IS 15 BP 1074 EP 1075 DI 10.1056/NEJM199810083391509 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 126LL UT WOS:000076294800009 PM 9761810 ER PT J AU Lieber, CS AF Lieber, CS TI Gastritis in the alcoholic: relationship to gastric alcohol metabolism and Helicobacter pylori SO ADDICTION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIRST-PASS METABOLISM; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; NON-ULCER DYSPEPSIA; UREA BREATH TEST; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORIDIS; BLOOD-ALCOHOL; DEHYDROGENASE-ACTIVITY; 1ST-PASS METABOLISM; ADH7 GENE; MOLECULAR-CLONING AB Chronic gastritis is common in the alcoholic. It is characterized by histological inflammation of the gastric mucosa and is associated with variable symptomatology. its etiology is still the subject of debate. Recently, a new alcohol dehydrogenase isoenzyme, called sigma ADH, absent from the liver but predominant in the upper GI tract, has been fully characterized its gene cloned, and it appears to play a major role in gastric ethanol metabolism. Indeed, it has now been established, both in vivo in experimental animals and in vitro in cultured human gastric cells, that alcohol is metabolized in the gastric mucosa, resulting in the production of acetaldehyde, a toxic metabolite. In addition, Helicobacter pylori infection is common in the alcoholic, resulting in the breakdown of urea to ammonia, another toxic product. A number of studies carried out over the last 40 years revealed that antibiotic treatment eradicates ammonia production and results in histological and symptomatic improvement in the majority of patients with alcoholic gastritis. Non-invasive tests for the detection of H. pylori are now available which will facilitate the large scale studies needed to confirm whether, in H. pylori-positive patients, antibiotics should become routine treatment for alcoholic gastritis. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, 151-2,130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. EM liebercs@aol.com NR 94 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 1355-6215 J9 ADDICT BIOL JI Addict. Biol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 3 IS 4 BP 423 EP 433 DI 10.1080/13556219871967 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Substance Abuse SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Substance Abuse GA 126HE UT WOS:000076287200005 PM 26735117 ER PT J AU Pahlavani, MA AF Pahlavani, MA TI Intervention in the aging immune system: Influence of dietary restriction, dehydroepiandrosterone, melatonin, and exercise SO AGE LA English DT Review ID PINEAL HORMONE MELATONIN; LOW-DOSE INTERLEUKIN-2; INDUCED LYMPHOCYTE-PROLIFERATION; AGE-ASSOCIATED DECLINE; HEAT-SHOCK PROTEINS; CELL LUNG-CANCER; FOOD RESTRICTION; SUBCUTANEOUS INTERLEUKIN-2; PHYSICAL EXERCISE; NEUROHORMONE MELATONIN AB The decline in immunologic function with age is associated with an increase in susceptibility to infections and the occurrence of autoimmune diseases and cancers, Hence, the restoration of immunologic function is expected to have a beneficial effect in reducing pathology and maintaining a healthy condition in advanced age. A number of therapeutic strategies have been employed to intervene in the aging immune system, This article reviews the effect of dietary restriction (DR), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) treatment, melatonin (MLT) therapy, and exercise on modulating the immune responses and retarding/reducing immunosenescence, DR has been subject to intensive research and is known to be the most efficacious means of increasing longevity, reducing pathology and enhancing immune function. The circulatory levels of the androgen ic hormone DHEA and the pineal hormone MLT decrease with increasing age, and this decrease has been correlated with the age-related decline in the immune system, Therefore, the observation that immunosenescence is associated with low levels of DHEA and MLT has provided a rationale for therapeutic intervention. DH EA treatment and MLT therapy both exhibit immune-stimulatory actions and preliminary reports indicate that hormonal (DHEA or MLT) substitution therapy reverses immunosenescence in mice, Similarly, exercise in some studies has been shown to enhance the immune response, However, these findings have not been confirmed by other laboratories, Thus, at the present time, it is difficult to draw any definitive conclusions on the efficacy of DHEA, MLT, and exercise on reversing or restoring the aging immune system. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM Pahlavani@uthscsa.edu NR 173 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-9152 J9 AGE JI Age PD OCT PY 1998 VL 21 IS 4 BP 153 EP 173 DI 10.1007/s11357-998-0025-5 PG 21 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 179PW UT WOS:000079338700002 PM 23604377 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Sepeda, JM Chang, CW Patel, V Sako, EY Miller, OL AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Sepeda, JM Chang, CW Patel, V Sako, EY Miller, OL TI Comparison of multivessel, multidevice unstaged intervention with coronary artery bypass surgery: A single-center experience. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 82 IS 7A SI SI BP 58S EP 58S PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 128LR UT WOS:000076408200151 ER PT J AU Fong, GCY Shah, PU Gee, MN Serratosa, JM Castroviejo, IP Khan, S Ravat, SH Mani, J Huang, Y Zhao, HZ Medina, MT Treiman, LJ Pineda, G Delgado-Escueta, AV AF Fong, GCY Shah, PU Gee, MN Serratosa, JM Castroviejo, IP Khan, S Ravat, SH Mani, J Huang, Y Zhao, HZ Medina, MT Treiman, LJ Pineda, G Delgado-Escueta, AV TI Childhood absence epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizures and electroencephalogram 3-4-Hz spike and multispike-slow wave complexes: Linkage to chromosome 8q24 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE MYOCLONIC EPILEPSY; IDIOPATHIC GENERALIZED EPILEPSY; HUMAN GENOME; LOCALIZATION; FAMILIES; PEDIGREE; GENES; LOCUS; MAP AB Childhood absence epilepsy (CAE), a common form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy, accounts for 5%-15% of childhood epilepsies. To map the chromosomal locus of persisting CAE, we studied the clinical and electroencephalographic traits of 78 members of a five-generation family from Bombay, India. The model-free affected-pedigree member method was used during initial screening with chromosome Gp, 8q, and Ip microsatellites, and only individuals with absence seizures and/or electroencephalogram 3-4-Hz spike- and multi-spike-slow wave complexes were considered to be affected. Significant P values of .00000-.02 for several markers on 8q were obtained. Two-point linkage analysis, assuming autosomal dominant inheritance with 50% penetrance, yielded a maximum LOD score (Z(max)) of 3.6 for D8S502. No other locus in the genome achieved a significant Z(max). For five smaller multiplex families, summed Z(max) was 2.4 for D8S537 and 1.7 for D8S1761. Haplotypes composed of the same 8q24 microsatellites segregated with affected members of the large family from India and with all five smaller families. Recombinations positioned the CAE gene in a 3.2-cM interval. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Calif Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA USA. KEM Hosp, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Seth GS Med Coll, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Serv Neurol, Epilepsy Unit, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Univ Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain. Riyadh Armed Forces Hosp, Dept Neurosci, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Natl Univ Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. RP Delgado-Escueta, AV (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Room 3405 127B,Bldg 500,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS21908] NR 38 TC 88 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1117 EP 1129 DI 10.1086/302066 PG 13 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 131LP UT WOS:000076577800026 PM 9758624 ER PT J AU Hanson, RL Ehm, MG Pettitt, DJ Prochazka, M Thompson, DB Timberlake, D Foroud, T Kobes, S Baler, L Burns, DK Almasy, L Blangero, J Garvey, WT Bennett, PH Knowler, WC AF Hanson, RL Ehm, MG Pettitt, DJ Prochazka, M Thompson, DB Timberlake, D Foroud, T Kobes, S Baler, L Burns, DK Almasy, L Blangero, J Garvey, WT Bennett, PH Knowler, WC TI An autosomal genomic scan for loci linked to type II diabetes mellitus and body-mass index in Pima Indians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID ASSESSING GENETIC-LINKAGE; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; SIB-PAIR ANALYSIS; COMPONENTS MODELS; PEDIGREE ANALYSIS; WIDE SEARCH; SUSCEPTIBILITY; OBESITY; NIDDM; EXTENSIONS AB Genetic factors influence the development of type II diabetes mellitus, but genetic loci for the most common forms of diabetes have not been identified. A genomic scan was conducted to identify loci linked to diabetes and body-mass index (BMI) in Pima Indians, a Native American population with a high prevalence of type II diabetes. Among 264 nuclear families containing 966 siblings, 516 autosomal markers with a median distance between adjacent markers of 6.4 cM were genotyped. Variance-components methods were used to test for linkage with an age-adjusted diabetes score and with BMI. In multipoint analyses, the strongest evidence for linkage with age-adjusted diabetes (LOD = 1.7) was on chromosome 11q, in the region that was also linked most strongly with BMI (LOD = 3.6). Bivariate linkage analyses strongly rejected both the null hypothesis of no linkage with either trait and the null hypothesis of no contribution of the locus to the covariation among the two traits. Sib-pair analyses suggest additional potential diabetes-susceptibility loci on chromosomes Iq and 7q. C1 NIDDKD, Diabet & Arthritis Epidemiol Sect, NIH, Phoenix Epidemiol & Clin Res Branch, Phoenix, AZ 85014 USA. Glaxo Wellcome Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Sequana Therapeut Inc, Dept Stat Genet, La Jolla, CA USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Genet, Indianapolis, IN USA. SW Fdn Biomed Res, Dept Genet, San Antonio, TX USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Hanson, RL (reprint author), NIDDKD, Diabet & Arthritis Epidemiol Sect, NIH, Phoenix Epidemiol & Clin Res Branch, 1550 E Indian Sch Rd, Phoenix, AZ 85014 USA. RI Baier, Leslie/F-9008-2013; Hanson, Robert/O-3238-2015 OI Hanson, Robert/0000-0002-4252-7068 FU NCRR NIH HHS [1P41 RR03655]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-47461]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-18897] NR 55 TC 357 Z9 368 U1 1 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1130 EP 1138 DI 10.1086/302061 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 131LP UT WOS:000076577800027 PM 9758619 ER PT J AU Stehman-Breen, CO Emerson, S Gretch, D Johnson, RJ AF Stehman-Breen, CO Emerson, S Gretch, D Johnson, RJ TI Risk of death among chronic dialysis patients infected with hepatitis C virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE hepatitis C virus; dialysis; survival ID HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; UNITED-STATES; ANTI-HCV; PREVALENCE; ANTIBODIES; RNA; TAIWAN; STAFF AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is highly prevalent among chronic dialysis patients (10% to 40%) and is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. However, there are no studies estimating the risk for death among dialysis patients infected with HCV compared with those not infected. We conducted a prospective cohort study to estimate the risk for death among chronic dialysis patients infected with HCV compared with those not infected. In 1992, 200 patients (91%) who had been underging dialysis therapy for at least 6 months consented to be screened for HCV infection by enzyme immunoblot assay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Information about potential confounders and potential risk factors for death and HCV infection was obtained from the dialysis center database, Patient outcomes collected included death, transplantation, and loss to follow-up. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the odds of death among dialysis patients who were positive for the HCV antibody and HCV RNA compared with negative patients. Forty-four patients (22%) were HCV antibody positive. Thirty-four patients (17%) were HCV RNA positive. Patients in the HCV RNA-positive group were more likely to be younger (51.8 +/- 12.6 v 57.2 +/- 17.3 years of age), men (77% v 54%), and black (65% v 37%). None of the home hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis patients were HCV RNA positive, whereas one of the home hemodialysis and one of the peritoneal dialysis patients were HCV antibody positive. Two patients became infected with HCV during the follow-up period, Patients who were HCV RNA positive and those who were HCV antibody positive were at increased risk for death compared with patients who were negative (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 3.14; P = 0.045; and aRR = 1.97; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.33; P = 0.012, respectively), after adjusting for time on dialysis, race, transplantation, and age. We conclude that HCV infection increased the risk for death during the study period compared with those not infected. Further studies should assess the measures used to prevent and treat HCV infection. (C) 1998 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Stehman-Breen, CO (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mailstop 111A, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 26 TC 123 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 32 IS 4 BP 629 EP 634 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(98)70027-7 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 125GF UT WOS:000076228500015 PM 9774125 ER PT J AU Muder, RR AF Muder, RR TI Pneumonia in residents of long-term care facilities: Epidemiology, etiology, management, and prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE; RISK-FACTORS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; TRACT INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES AB Pneumonia is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients in long-term care facilities; the median reported incidence is 1 per 1,000 patient-days. Risk factors include functional dependency, chronic pulmonary disease, and conditions causing aspiration. The frequency of etiologic agents varies widely among reports; for example; Streptococcus pneumoniae ranges from 0% to 39% of cases, and gram negative bacilli ranges from 0% to 51% of reported cases. Viral respiratory infections, particularly influenza and respiratory syncytial virus, typically occur in outbreaks. Mortality varies from 5% to 40%; functional status is the major determinant of survival. Many patients receive inadequate initial evaluations, and as many as 40% receive no physician visit during the episode. Although transfer to an acute care facility occurs in 9% to 51% of cases, most transferred patients could be managed in the nursing home with minimal additional support. Appropriate evaluation includes examination by a practitioner, recording of vital signs, chest radiograph, and examination of an adequate sputum sample, if available. Patients without contraindications to oral therapy or severe abnormalities of vital signs (pulse >120 beats per minute, respirations >30 per minute, systolic blood pressure <90) may initially receive oral therapy. Appropriate oral agents include amoxicillin/clavulanate, second generation cephalosporins, quinolones active against S pneumoniae, or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Appropriate parenteral agents include beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations, second or third generation cephalosporins, or quinolones. Pneumococcal and influenza vaccines should be administered to all residents. Future studies should focus on identifying risk factors for pneumonia that are amenable to intervention and to identifying highly effective, preferably oral, antimicrobial regimens in randomized trials. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 133 TC 171 Z9 175 U1 0 U2 3 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 105 IS 4 BP 319 EP 330 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00262-9 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 133NF UT WOS:000076692100011 PM 9809694 ER PT J AU Hunter, SJ Garvey, WT AF Hunter, SJ Garvey, WT TI Insulin action and insulin resistance: Diseases involving defects in insulin receptors, signal transduction, and the glucose transport effector system SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; KINASE-ACTIVITY; PROTEIN-KINASE; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; PHOSPHOTYROSINE PROTEIN; ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION; ACANTHOSIS NIGRICANS; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Garvey, WT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL-55782]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-42469, DK-38763] NR 100 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 0 U2 6 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 105 IS 4 BP 331 EP 345 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00300-3 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 133NF UT WOS:000076692100012 PM 9809695 ER PT J AU Braddock, CH AF Braddock, CH TI Advancing the cause of informed consent: Moving from disclosure to understanding SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Braddock, CH (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 5 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 105 IS 4 BP 354 EP 355 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 133NF UT WOS:000076692100016 PM 9809699 ER PT J AU Zhang, Z Yang, XY Cohen, DM AF Zhang, Z Yang, XY Cohen, DM TI Hypotonicity activates transcription through ERK-dependent and -independent pathways in renal cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE urea; kidney; signal transduction; p38; stress-activated protein kinase; c-Jun amino-terminal kinase ID MEDULLARY COLLECTING DUCT; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION PATHWAY; PAPILLARY EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ORGANIC OSMOLYTE EFFLUX; PROTEIN-KINASE; MAP KINASE; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; SORBITOL PERMEASE; TYROSINE KINASE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS AB Acute hypotonic shock (50% dilution of medium with sterile water, but not with isotonic NaCl) activated the extracellular signal response kinase (ERK) mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in renal medullary cells, as measured by Western analysis with a phospho-ERK-specific antibody and by in vitro kinase assay of epitope-tagged ERKs immunoprecipitated from stable HA-ERK transfectants. Hypotonicity also activated the transcription factor and ERK substrate Elk-l in a partially PD-98059-sensitive fashion, as assessed by chimeric reporter gene assay. Consistent with these data, hypotonic stress activated transcription of the immediate-early gene transcription factor Egr-1 in a partially PD-98059-sensitive fashion. Hypotonicity-inducible Egr-1 transcription was mediated in part through 5'-flanking regions containing serum response elements and in part through the minimal Egr-1 promoter. Elimination of the Ets motifs adjacent to key regulatory serum response elements in the Egr-1 promoter diminished the effect of hypotonicity but failed to abolish it. Interestingly, hypotonicity also transiently activated p38 and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase 1, as determined by immunoblotting with anti-phospho-MAP kinase antibodies. Taken together, these data strongly suggest that hypotonicity activates immediate-early gene transcription in renal medullary cells via MAP kinase kinase-dependent and -independent mechanisms. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Nephrol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Mol Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Cohen, DM (reprint author), PP262,3314 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RI Zhang, Zheng/J-2388-2014 OI Zhang, Zheng/0000-0003-2497-0362 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-52494] NR 65 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6143 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-CELL PH JI Am. J. Physiol.-Cell Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP C1104 EP C1112 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 125ZE UT WOS:000076267000023 PM 9755064 ER PT J AU Ohning, GV Song, M Wong, HC Wu, SV Walsh, JH AF Ohning, GV Song, M Wong, HC Wu, SV Walsh, JH TI Immunolocalization of gastrin-dependent histidine decarboxylase activity in rat gastric mucosa during feeding SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE enterochromaffin-like cells; histamine ID ENTEROCHROMAFFIN-LIKE CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; ACID-SECRETION; MAST-CELLS; HISTAMINE; RELEASE; MESSENGER; COMMON; PHASE AB The localization of histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity; in the enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells of the oxyntic mucosa was studied during fasting and refeeding using monoclonal (CURE no. 44178) and polyclonal (CURE no. 94211) antibodies directed against the COOH terminus of HDC (HDC-CT). Changes in HDC immunostaining were correlated with mucosal HDC enzyme activity. Immunoneutralization of circulating gastrin and atropine treatment during refeeding were used to determine the relative importance of gastrin and cholinergic mechanisms in the regulation of HDC activity and immunostaining. Fasting caused a rapid reduction in the number of ECL cells immunostaining for HDC that was correlated with an almost complete loss of mucosal HDC enzyme activity Refeeding restored both HDC immunostaining and enzyme activity within 2-4 h, and this response was inhibited by gastrin immunoneutralization but not by atropine treatment. Immunostaining was uniformly decreased and restored in the lower half of the oxyntic mucosa, which corresponds to the predominant area of ECL cells in the gastric gland. Histamine immunostaining and mucosal histamine content were not significantly changed during fasting and refeeding or by gastrin antibody and/or atropine treatment during refeeding These findings indicate that HDC activity correlates with HDC-CT immunostaining and that both HDC activity and HDC-CT immunostaining are regulated by gastrin during refeeding. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Res Serv,CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, CURE,Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Ohning, GV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Res Serv,CURE, Bld 115,Rm 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, DK-17294] NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP G660 EP G667 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 126VX UT WOS:000076316100008 PM 9756494 ER PT J AU Meyer, JH Hlinka, M Khatibi, A Raybould, HE Tso, P AF Meyer, JH Hlinka, M Khatibi, A Raybould, HE Tso, P TI Role of small intestine in caloric compensations to oil premeals in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE caloric adjustments; temporality ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-IV; FOOD-INTAKE; PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; FAT DIGESTION; SATIETY; CHOLECYSTOKININ; HUMANS; TRIGLYCERIDE; CARBOHYDRATE; INHIBITION AB We postulated that dose-responsive satiety after oil premeals varies with the number of gut sensors stimulated by lipolytic products along intestine. These experiments in fasted rats on satiety after oil premeals were performed to 1) determine whether satiety was induced by lipolytic products but not triglycerides; 2) confirm that oil empties from the stomach at rates that vary with oil loads; 3) ascertain that increasing rates of oil entry into duodenum extend the length of gut contacted by lipolytic products; and 4)judge whether length of gut contacted correlated with dose-responsive satieties to dietary oils. 5) Using specific antagonists, we attempted to define how satiety was signalled by gut sensors. Timing and degrees of satiety did not correlate with timing and extent of gastric distensions but, rather, with the timing and extent of spread of lipolytic products along small bowel. Satiety after the highest premeal load of oil was blocked by Pluronic L-81, an inhibitor of intestinal secretion of apolipoprotein A-IV, but was unaffected by MK-329 (a specific antagonist of cholecystokinin) or by capsaicin blockade of chemosensory nerves. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Sepulveda Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Louisiana State Med Sch, Dept Physiol, Shreveport, LA 71103 USA. RP Meyer, JH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Rm 105,Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP R1320 EP R1333 PG 14 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 125KB UT WOS:000076235800046 PM 9756565 ER PT J AU Meyer, JH Hlinka, M Tabrizi, Y DiMaso, N Raybould, HE AF Meyer, JH Hlinka, M Tabrizi, Y DiMaso, N Raybould, HE TI Chemical specificities and intestinal distributions of nutrient-driven satiety SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chemospecificities; sensory distributions; caloric reduction ratios ID FOOD-INTAKE; CARBOHYDRATE; COMPENSATION; HUNGER; HUMANS; ILEAL; RAT; FAT AB We measured intakes of sham- and naturally feeding rats during gut perfusions of nutrients. Our objectives were to determine 1) which nutrient products in gut lumen suppressed intakes; 2) how suppression by various nutrients is distributed along gut; and 3) whether time courses of suppression were similar among different nutrients. We found that satiating nutrients consisted of fatty acids only longer than 10 carbons, of monomeric carbohydrates only with affinity for the glucose transporter, and, among several amino acids, of only phenylalanine and tryptophan. Dimeric maltose had about the same potency as an isocaloric mixture of longer glucose polymers; since responses to either were blocked by a glucosidase inhibitor, each probably acted after hydrolysis to free glucose. Effective nutrients suppressed intakes about equally on infusion into duodenum vs, midgut, and the same nutrients also suppressed intakes when infused into colon. Food intakes were suppressed only while maltose was infused, not after it was stopped, but suppression persisted for 2 h after stopping perfusions with fatty or amino acids. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Sepulveda Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Meyer, JH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Rm 105,Bldg 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 41 TC 68 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP R1293 EP R1307 PG 15 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 125KB UT WOS:000076235800044 PM 9756563 ER PT J AU Meyer, JH Tabrizi, Y DiMaso, N Hlinka, M Raybould, HE AF Meyer, JH Tabrizi, Y DiMaso, N Hlinka, M Raybould, HE TI Length of intestinal contact on nutrient-driven satiety SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE length of contact; load dependence; caloric equivalencies; intestinal integration ID PANCREATIC INSUFFICIENCY; FAT DIGESTION; TRIGLYCERIDE; TRANSPORT; INHIBITION; ABSORPTION; RESPONSES; PRODUCTS; GLUCOSE; DEPENDS AB Chemosensors throughout small bowel and colon inhibit food intakes when contacted by monomeric nutrients. We postulated that calorie-dependent inhibition of food intakes depended on additions of feedbacks from sensors in proximal and distal bowel contacted after high intakes of nutrients. Therefore, we determined how feedback from sensors in proximal gut interacted with feedback from simultaneously contacted sensors in distal bowel and whether suppression of nutrient intakes by intestinally perfused nutrients depended on length of g-ut contacted. Suppression of food intakes by maltose simply added to that from dodecanoate when both were present together either in proximal or distal small bowel. When dodecanoate was infused into proximal gut while maltose was infused distally, suppression of intake was threefold higher and was thus potentiated. Limiting contact of slowly absorbed lactose or oleate to 35 cm of jejunum nearly abolished the satiating potencies each exhibited during access to whole gut. The observations were consistent with our hypothesis. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Meyer, JH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Rm 105,Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 33 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 275 IS 4 BP R1308 EP R1319 PG 12 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 125KB UT WOS:000076235800045 PM 9756564 ER PT J AU Conhaim, RL Cooler, SD McGrath, AM DeAngeles, DA Myers, GA Harms, BA AF Conhaim, RL Cooler, SD McGrath, AM DeAngeles, DA Myers, GA Harms, BA TI Filtration of diaspirin crosslinked hemoglobin into lung and soft tissue lymph SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CROSS-LINKED HEMOGLOBIN; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; BLOOD SUBSTITUTE; ALPHA-CHAINS; NITRIC-OXIDE; SHEEP; RESUSCITATION; EXCHANGE; PRODUCT; PRESSOR AB Diaspirin crosslinked hemoglobin (DCHb) is a new blood substitute manufactured from human blood. To evaluate its microvascular filtration properties, we infused DCLHb into unanesthetized sheep (10%, 20 ml/kg) and measured the flow and composition of lung and soft tissue lymph. For comparison, we also infused human serum albumin (HSA; 10%, 20 ml/kg). DCLHb raised systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures from baseline values of 83 +/- 7 and 13 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively, to peak values of 113 +/- 9 and 26 +/- 3 mm Hg (p < 0.05 versus baseline). These increases were significantly greater than those associated with HSA, which raised systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures from baseline values of 86 +/- 4 and 13 +/- 2 mm Hg, respectively, to peak values of 97 +/- 3 and 21 +/- 7 mm Hg (p less than or equal to 0.05 versus baseline and versus DCLHb). These differences reflect the known presser properties of DCLHb. Accordingly, DCLHb raised lung and soft tissue lymph flows to peak values of 12.2 +/- 3.8 and 1.6 +/- 0.7 ml/30 min, respectively, while HSA raised lung and soft tissue lymph flows to peak values of 7.5 +/- 4.8 and 4.6 +/- 1.9 ml/30 min, respectively (p less than or equal to 0.05 versus DCLHb). The half-times of DCLHb equilibration from plasma into lung and soft tissue lymph of 1.0 +/- 0.3 and 2.1 +/- 1.1 h, respectively, were significantly faster than HSA equilibration half-times of 3.1 +/- 0.2 and 3.8 +/- 0.9 h. Filtration differences between DCLHb and HSA appear to be due to the presser properties DCLHb. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Surg, Madison, WI USA. RP Conhaim, RL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Surg, B-7112A,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46236] NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 158 IS 4 BP 1204 EP 1212 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 129FN UT WOS:000076453300031 PM 9769283 ER PT J AU Khuri, SF Daley, J Henderson, W Hur, K Demakis, J Aust, JB Chong, V Fabri, PJ Gibbs, JO Grover, F Hammermeister, K Irvin, G McDonald, G Passaro, E Phillips, L Scamman, F Spencer, J Stemple, JF AF Khuri, SF Daley, J Henderson, W Hur, K Demakis, J Aust, JB Chong, V Fabri, PJ Gibbs, JO Grover, F Hammermeister, K Irvin, G McDonald, G Passaro, E Phillips, L Scamman, F Spencer, J Stemple, JF CA Natl VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program TI The Department of Veterans Affairs' NSQIP - The first national, validated, outcome-based, risk-adjusted, and peer-controlled program for the measurement and enhancement of the quality of surgical care SO ANNALS OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 118th Annual Meeting of the American-Surgical-Association CY APR 03, 1998 CL PALM BEACH, FLORIDA SP Amer Surgical Assoc ID CARDIAC-SURGERY; HEALTH-CARE; CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT AB Objective To provide reliable risk-adjusted morbidity and mortality rates after major surgery to the 123 Veterans Affairs Medical Centers (VAMCs) performing major surgery, and to use risk-adjusted outcomes in the monitoring and improvement of the quality of surgical care to all veterans. Summary Background Data Outcome-based comparative measures of the quality of surgical care among surgical services and surgical subspecialties have been elusive. Methods This study included prospective assessment of presurgical risk factors, process of care during surgery, and outcomes 30 days after surgery on veterans undergoing major surgery in 123 medical centers; development of multivariable risk-adjustment models; identification of high and low outlier facilities by observed-to-expected outcome ratios; and generation of annual reports of comparative outcomes to all surgical services in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). Results The National VA Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NS-QIP) data base includes 417,944 major surgical procedures performed between October 1, 1991, and September 30, 1997. In FY97, 11 VAMCs were low outliers for risk-adjusted observed-to-expected mortality ratios; 13 VAMCs were high outliers for risk-adjusted observed-to-expected mortality ratios. Identification of high and low outliers by unadjusted mortality rates would have ascribed an outlier status incorrectly to 25 of 39 hospitals, an error rate of 64%. Since 1994, the 30-day mortality and morbidity rates for major surgery have fallen 9% and 30%, respectively. Conclusions Reliable, valid information on patient presurgical risk factors, process of care during surgery, and 30-day morbidity and mortality rates is available for all major surgical procedures in the 123 VAMCs performing surgery in the VHA. With;this information, the VHA has established the first prospective out come-based program for comparative assessment and enhancement of the quality of surgical care among multiple institutions for several surgical subspecialties. Key features to the success of the NSQIP are the support of the surgeons who practice in the VHA, consistent clinical definitions and data collection by dedicated nurses, a uniform nationwide informatics system, and the support of VHA administration and managerial staff. C1 Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Roxbury, MA 02132 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Gen Med & Primary Care, Boston, MA USA. Hines VA Ctr Cooperat Studies Hlth Serv, Hines, IL USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Vet Integrated Serv Network 17, Grand Prairie, TX USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Tampa, FL 33607 USA. Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Tampa, FL USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Miami, Dept Surg, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Miami, FL 33125 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Headquarters, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Vet Integrated Serv Network 11, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Natl Anesthesia Serv, Dept Anesthesia, Iowa City, IA USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Khuri, SF (reprint author), Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1400 VFW Pkwy, W Roxbury, MA 02132 USA. NR 19 TC 872 Z9 878 U1 6 U2 27 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-4932 J9 ANN SURG JI Ann. Surg. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 228 IS 4 BP 491 EP 504 DI 10.1097/00000658-199810000-00006 PG 14 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 129QK UT WOS:000076474300011 PM 9790339 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R Najvar, LK Loebenberg, D Luther, MF AF Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R Najvar, LK Loebenberg, D Luther, MF TI Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor and azole antifungal therapy in murine aspergillosis: Role of immune suppression SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; RESISTANCE; FUMIGATUS; LEUKEMIA; INVITRO; DAMAGE; HYPHAE; FLUCONAZOLE; NEUTROPHILS AB Outbred ICR mice were immune suppressed either with hydrocortisone or with 5-fluorouracil and were infected intranasally with Aspergillus fumigatus. Beginning 3 days before infection some groups of mice were given recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (IG-CSF), SCH56592 (an antifungal triazole), or both. Corticosteroid-pretreated mice responded to SCH56592 and had reduced counts in lung tissue and prolonged survival. In these mice, G-CSF strongly antagonized the antifungal activity of SCH56592. Animals treated with both agents developed large lung abscesses with polymorphonuclear leukocytes and large amounts of Aspergillus. In contrast, mice made neutropenic with 5-fluorouracil and then infected with A. fumigatus conidia benefited from either G-CSF or triazoles, and the effect of the combination was additive rather than antagonistic. Host predisposing factors contribute in different ways to the outcome of growth factor therapy in aspergillosis. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Schering Plough Corp, Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect 111F, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect 111F, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM GRAYBILL@UTHSCSA.EDU NR 41 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 42 IS 10 BP 2467 EP 2473 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 126MH UT WOS:000076296900001 PM 9756743 ER PT J AU Al-Abdely, HM Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R Najvar, L Montalbo, E Regen, SL Melby, PC AF Al-Abdely, HM Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R Najvar, L Montalbo, E Regen, SL Melby, PC TI Efficacies of KY62 against Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania donovani in experimental murine cutaneous leishmaniasis and visceral leishmaniasis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID LIPOSOMAL AMPHOTERICIN-B; KALA-AZAR; KETOCONAZOLE; AMBISOME AB Current therapy for leishmaniasis is unsatisfactory because parenteral antimonial salts and pentamidine are associated with significant toxicity and failure rates, We examined the efficacy of KY62, a new, water-soluble, polyene antifungal, against cutaneous infection with Leishmania amazonensis and against visceral infection with Leishmania donovani in susceptible BALB/c mice. Mice were infected with I,, amazonensis promastigotes in the ear pinna and in the tail and were treated with KY62 or amphotericin B. The cutaneous Lesions showed a remarkable response to therapy with KY62 at a dose of 30 mg per kg of body weight per day, At this dose, the efficacy of KY62 was equivalent to or better than that of amphotericin B at 1 to 5 mg/kg/day, Mice infected intravenously with 10(7) L, donovani promastigotes and treated with KY62 showed a 4-log reduction in the parasite burden in the liver and spleen compared to untreated mice. These studies indicate potent activity of KY62 against experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L, amazoniensis and against experimental visceral leishmaniasis caused by L. donovani. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie Murphy Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Chem, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Al-Abdely, HM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI28220] NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 42 IS 10 BP 2542 EP 2548 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 126MH UT WOS:000076296900011 PM 9756753 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Dvorznak, MJ O'Connor, TJ Boninger, ML Jones, DK AF Cooper, RA Dvorznak, MJ O'Connor, TJ Boninger, ML Jones, DK TI Braking electric-powered wheelchairs: Effect of braking method, seatbelt, and legrests SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID OCCUPIED WHEELCHAIRS; UNITED-STATES; ACCIDENTS; STABILITY; DESIGN AB Objective: To examine the influence of three electric-powered wheelchair braking conditions and four wheelchair seating conditions on electric-powered wheelchair motion and Hybrid II test dummy motion. This study provides quantitative information related to assessing the safety of electric-powered wheelchair driving. Design: Rehabilitation engineering comparison and ANSI/ RESNA. standards testing. Convenience sample of eight different electric-powered wheelchairs. Within-chair comparisons were conducted. Intervention: Electric-powered wheelchairs were compared under three braking scenarios (joystick release, joystick reverse, power-oft? and four searing conditions (seatbelt and legrests, seatbelt and no legrests, no seatbelt but legrests, no seatbelt and no legrests), Setting: A rehabilitation engineering center. Main Outcome Measures: The braking distance, braking time, and braking accelerations for electric-powered wheelchairs during three braking scenarios; trunk motion, head motion, and trunk angular acceleration during three braking scenarios and four seating conditions; and number of fails from the wheelchairs for three braking scenarios and four seating conditions. Results: Significant differences (p <.05) were found in braking distance, braking time, and braking acceleration when comparing the joystick release and joystick reverse scenarios with the power-off scenario, The mean braking distance was shortest with the power-off braking scenario (.89m), whereas it was longest when the joystick was released (1.66m), Significant differences (p <.05) in head displacement and trunk angular displacement were observed among braking conditions and between seating conditions. There were also significant differences (p =.0011) among braking conditions for maximum trunk angular acceleration, The Hybrid II test dummy fell from the wheelchairs with highest frequency when there were no legrests and no seatbelt used. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that use of a seatbelt when driving an electric-powered wheelchair reduces the risk of failing from a wheelchair, Furthermore, the use of legrests can reduce the risk of injury to the wheelchair driver. This study shows that the most abrupt braking occurs when deactivating the power switch. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and thr American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr Hlth Syst, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Res Serv, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 79 IS 10 BP 1244 EP 1249 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90269-6 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 128CC UT WOS:000076386800009 PM 9779678 ER PT J AU Cooper, GS Dooley, MA Treadwell, EL St Clair, EW Parks, CG Gilkeson, GS AF Cooper, GS Dooley, MA Treadwell, EL St Clair, EW Parks, CG Gilkeson, GS TI Hormonal, environmental, and infectious risk factors for developing systemic lupus erythematosus SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Review ID AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASE; ANTINUCLEAR ANTIBODIES; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ESTROGEN METABOLISM; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; OCCASIONAL SERIES; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; CELL ACTIVATION; BETA-CAROTENE; SEX-HORMONES C1 NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch A3 05, Durham, NC 27709 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27706 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Cooper, GS (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch A3 05, POB 12233, Durham, NC 27709 USA. OI Parks, Christine/0000-0002-5734-3456 NR 99 TC 122 Z9 128 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 41 IS 10 BP 1714 EP 1724 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199810)41:10<1714::AID-ART3>3.0.CO;2-U PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 127FZ UT WOS:000076341300002 PM 9778212 ER PT J AU Vio, CP Oestreicher, E Olavarria, V Velarde, V Mayfield, RK Jaffa, AA AF Vio, CP Oestreicher, E Olavarria, V Velarde, V Mayfield, RK Jaffa, AA TI Cellular distribution of exogenous aprotinin in the rat kidney SO BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE collecting ducts; connecting tubules; immunohistochemistry; kidney; proximal tubules ID KALLIKREIN-KININ SYSTEM; RENAL KALLIKREIN; RENIN RELEASE; INHIBITOR; HYPERFILTRATION; LOCALIZATION; RESPONSES; EXCRETION; INSULIN AB Aprotinin, an inhibitor of the enzymatic activity of kallikrein in vitro, has been used to study the possible contributions of the kallikrein-kinin systems to physiological and pathological conditions. Pharmacokinetic studies indicate that aprotinin is concentrated in the kidney; however, there is little information with regard to its cellular distribution. The purpose of the present work was to study the cellular distribution of aprotinin, which would be valuable for a better understanding of its intrarenal effects. Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g, n = 36) received aprotinin (50 000 KIU/rat) and were killed at different intervals after its administration. The kidneys were examined histologically and the cellular distribution of aprotinin was studied by immunohistochemistry. Aprotinin was localized at 30 min concentrated within vesicles in the apical border of the proximal tubule cells. Later (2 h) it was observed distributed over the cytoplasm, where it remained for the 24 h studied. Aprotinin was also detected in connecting tubule cells colocalized with kallikrein, and in the basal portion of collecting tubule cells. No evidence of endogenous aprotinin was observed. The binding of aprotinin to the connecting tubule cells and collecting ducts offers a partial explanation of its renal effects. C1 Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Ciencias Fisiol, Santiago, Chile. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Vio, CP (reprint author), Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Fac Ciencias Biol, Dept Ciencias Fisiol, Alameda 340, Santiago, Chile. OI Vio, Carlos/0000-0003-1850-5958 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-46543] NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1431-6730 J9 BIOL CHEM JI Biol. Chem. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 379 IS 10 BP 1271 EP 1277 DI 10.1515/bchm.1998.379.10.1271 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 131DP UT WOS:000076560700008 PM 9820588 ER PT J AU Wang, EH Ebrahimi, SA Wu, AY Kashefi, C Passaro, E Sawicki, MP AF Wang, EH Ebrahimi, SA Wu, AY Kashefi, C Passaro, E Sawicki, MP TI Mutation of the MENIN gene in sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CPG ISLAND METHYLATION; NEOPLASIA TYPE-1; SUPPRESSOR GENE; CHROMOSOME 11Q13; ALLELIC DELETIONS; DNA METHYLATION; LONG-TERM; HETEROZYGOSITY; GASTRINOMAS; IDENTIFICATION AB Pancreatic endocrine tumors occur both sporadically and as part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) syndrome. MEN1 is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by parathyroid hyperplasia, pancreatic endocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas, The MEN1 gene called MENIN maps to chromosome 11q13 and is thought to function as a tumor suppressor gene. We previously demonstrated loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 11q13 in similar to 40% of sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors and hypothesize that MENIN is involved in the development of these tumors. Thirty-one sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors were analyzed for mutation of MENIN by nonradioactive single-stranded conformation polymorphism. Twelve mutations were detected in 31 sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors (34%), Twelve of these 31 tumors previously demonstrated loss of heterozygosity at 11q13, Of the tumors with LOH, seven contained mutations of the MENIN gene (58%), The majority of the MENIN mutations occurred within exon 2, Two independent mutations in MENIN were detected in a gastrinoma that also revealed LOH, leading to the possibility of another tumor suppressor gene locus at 11q13, Mutations were present in both benign and malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors, suggesting that a MENIN gene mutation is a frequent and early event in the tumorigenesis, The high incidence of truncating mutations in tumors with LOH at 11q13 support the hypothesis that MENIN is a tumor suppressor gene. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), Dept Surg W112, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 30 TC 102 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 58 IS 19 BP 4417 EP 4420 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 125CD UT WOS:000076219100035 PM 9766672 ER PT J AU Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Mego, DM Patel, V Ebersole, DG Chilton, RJ AF Kiesz, RS Rozek, MM Mego, DM Patel, V Ebersole, DG Chilton, RJ TI Acute directional coronary atherectomy prior to stenting in complex coronary lesions: ADAPTS study SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE atherectomy; stents; restenosis; complex lesions ID CONVENTIONAL BALLOON ANGIOPLASTY; MUSCLE CELL-PROLIFERATION; PALMAZ-SCHATZ STENTS; INTRAVASCULAR ULTRASOUND; INTRACORONARY IMPLANTATION; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; THREATENED CLOSURE; LUMEN ENLARGEMENT; ARTERIAL INJURY; PORCINE MODEL AB The purpose of this study was to determine the results of directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) combined with stenting in a high-risk patient population. The use of stenting or DCA alone for aorto-ostial lesions, total chronic occlusions, long lesions, and lesions containing thrombus is associated with lowered success and a relatively high restenosis rate. Between July 1993 and October 1996, we treated 89 lesions with the combined approach of DCA and stenting in 60 consecutive patients. Thirty-one (51.7%) patients were treated because of unstable angina, 11 (18.3%) for post-myocardial infarction (MI) angina, 3 (5.0%) for acute MI, and 15 (25.0%) patients for stable angina. A total of 43 (71.7%) patients had multivessel disease, 19 (31.7%) had undergone previous coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and 17 (28.3%) patients had undergone multivessel revascularization. The procedure was successful in all patients; and no postprocedural deaths or emergent CABG occurred. Two patients (3.3%) had non-Q-wave MI after the procedure and 1 patient(1.7%) experienced Q-wave MI due to subacute stent closure 7 days after the procedure. During follow-up ranging from 6 months to 3 years, 2 (3.3%) patients died, 2 (3.3%) required CABG surgery, 1 (1.7%) patient had an MI, and 6 patients (10.0%) required target vessel revascularization. By the quantitative coronary angiography, the initial minimal luminal diameter (MLD) averaged 0.91 +/- 0.45 mm(74.7 +/- 11.8% stenosis) increasing to 3.80 +/- 0.44 mm (-6.7 +/- 12.1%) after the combined approach procedure. Thirty patients (50.0%) met criteria for late (greater than or equal to 6 months) angiographic follow-up. Late MLD loss averaged 1.13 +/- 1.07 mm, for a mean net gain of 1.61 +/- 1.23 mm. Available angiographic follow-up evaluation showed a restenosis rate of 13.3%, A combined approach, defined as the use of both DCA and stenting, is safe and yields a low restenosis rate in high-risk patients who have lesions known to respond less favorably to stenting or DCA alone. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kiesz, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM kiesz@uthscsa.edu NR 56 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 2 BP 105 EP 112 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0304(199810)45:2<105::AID-CCD1>3.0.CO;2-G PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 125NH UT WOS:000076243300001 PM 9786384 ER PT J AU Lehmann, KG Oomen, JA Slager, CJ DeFeyter, PJ Serruys, PW AF Lehmann, KG Oomen, JA Slager, CJ DeFeyter, PJ Serruys, PW TI Chromatic distortion during angioscopy: Assessment and correction by quantitative colorimetric angioscopic analysis SO CATHETERIZATION AND CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSIS LA English DT Article DE angioscopy; vascular imaging; colorimetry ID HUMAN CORONARY-ARTERIES; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; PERCUTANEOUS ANGIOSCOPY; ANGIOGRAPHIC DETECTION; VIDEO IMAGES; ANGIOPLASTY; THROMBUS; ANGINA; THROMBOLYSIS; ATHERECTOMY AB Angioscopy represents a diagnostic tool with the unique ability of assessing the true color of intravascular structures, Current angioscopic interpretation is entirely subjective, however, and the visual interpretation of color has been shown to be marginal at best. The quantitative colorimetric angioscopic analysis system permits the full characterization of angioscopic color using two parameters (C1 and C2), derived from a custom color coordinate system, that are independent of illuminating light intensity. Measurement variability was found to be low (coefficient of variation = 0.06-0.64%), and relatively stable colorimetric values were obtained even at the extremes of illumination power. Variability between different angioscopic catheters was good (maximum difference for C1, 0.022; for C2, 0.015), Catheter flexion did not significantly distort color transmission. Although the fiber optic illumination bundle was found to impart a slight yellow tint to objects in view (Delta C1 = 0.020, Delta C2 = 0.024, P < 0.0001) and the imaging bundle in isolation imparted a slight red tint(Delta C1 = 0.043, Delta C2 = -0.027, P < 0.0001), both of these artifacts could be corrected by proper white balancing. Finally, evaluation of regional chromatic characteristics revealed a radially symmetric and progressive blue shift in measured color when moving from the periphery to the center of an angioscopic image. An algorithm was developed that could automatically correct 93.0-94.3% of this error and provide accurate colorimetric measurements independent of spatial location within the angioscopic field. In summary, quantitative colorimetric angioscopic analysis provides objective and highly reproducible measurements of angioscopic color. This technique can correct for important chromatic distortions present in modern angioscopic systems. It can also help overcome current limitations in angioscopy research and clinical use imposed by the reliance on visual perception of color. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sect Cardiol 111C, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Erasmus Univ, Thoraxctr, NL-3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Lehmann, KG (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sect Cardiol 111C, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0098-6569 J9 CATHETER CARDIO DIAG JI Catheter. Cardiovasc. Diagn. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 45 IS 2 BP 191 EP 201 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0304(199810)45:2<191::AID-CCD19>3.0.CO;2-O PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 125NH UT WOS:000076243300019 PM 9786402 ER PT J AU Hughes, MP Carlson, TH McLaughlin, MK Bankson, DD AF Hughes, MP Carlson, TH McLaughlin, MK Bankson, DD TI Addition of sodium fluoride to whole blood does not stabilize plasma homocysteine but produces dilution effects on plasma constituents and hematocrit SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SAMPLE C1 Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hughes, MP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK35816] NR 11 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 44 IS 10 BP 2204 EP 2206 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 124RT UT WOS:000076196200025 PM 9761260 ER PT J AU Simms, V Musher, DM AF Simms, V Musher, DM TI Psoas muscle abscess due to Mycobacterium kansasii in an apparently immunocompetent adult SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AIDS C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Infect Dis Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Musher, DM (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect 111G, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 27 IS 4 BP 893 EP 894 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 129ZF UT WOS:000076493400039 PM 9798051 ER PT J AU Stilley, CS Miller, DJ Gayowski, T Marino, IR AF Stilley, CS Miller, DJ Gayowski, T Marino, IR TI Psychological characteristics of candidates for liver transplantation SO CLINICAL TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE coping; family environments; optimism; personality; psychological distress ID HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; PREDICTORS; OPTIMISM AB This study examined depression, anxiety, coping styles, optimism, selected personality characteristics, and perception of family environment among candidates for liver transplantation (OLTX); the goal was to measure and empirically describe psychosocial factors reported to impact on the experience and outcome of transplantation. Subjects were 73 US military veterans being considered for OLTX at the VAMC-Pittsburgh (UD) from 1994 to 1996. Psychological evaluation consisted of chart review, consultation with the transplant team, clinical interview and administration of published, standardized, and readily available psychological tests. Candidates displayed above normal levels of situational anxiety and depression, mainly adaptive coping styles, mild optimism, and positive family environments. Factor analysis of the data identified two dimensions of psychological distress, five coping styles, and three types of family environment. The composite MMPI-2 profile for the sample shows marked elevations of the neurotic triad and moderate elevations of psychasthenia and schizophrenia scales. Psychological distress, psychopathology, coping styles, optimism, and perceptions of family environment correlate with each other in the directions suggested by the literature. These findings support previous research with empirical data; results encourage the development of consistent psychological protocols and procedures to evaluate and treat organ transplant candidates. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Educ, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Miller, DJ (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 11B, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0902-0063 J9 CLIN TRANSPLANT JI Clin. Transplant. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 BP 416 EP 424 PG 9 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 126RC UT WOS:000076306100010 PM 9787951 ER PT J AU Goalstone, ML Natarajan, R Standley, PR Walsh, MF Leitner, JW Carel, K Scott, S Nadler, J Sowers, JR Draznin, B AF Goalstone, ML Natarajan, R Standley, PR Walsh, MF Leitner, JW Carel, K Scott, S Nadler, J Sowers, JR Draznin, B TI Insulin potentiates platelet-derived growth factor action in vascular smooth muscle cells SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; INDEPENDENT RISK-FACTOR; PROTEIN-KINASE PATHWAY; PERMEABILITY FACTOR; COMPENSATORY HYPERINSULINEMIA; NONDIABETIC SUBJECTS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ENDOTHELIAL-CELL; FASTING GLUCOSE; PLASMA-INSULIN AB Correlative studies have indicated that hyperinsulinemia is present in many individuals with atherosclerosis. Insulin resistance has also been linked to cardiovascular disease. It has proved to be difficult to decipher whether hyperinsulinemia or insulin resistance plays the most important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. In this study, we demonstrate that insulin increases the amount of farnesylated p21Ras in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), thereby augmenting the pool of cellular Ras available for activation by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). In VSMC incubated with insulin for 24 h, PDGF's influence on GTP-loading of Ras was significantly increased. Furthermore, in cells preincubated with insulin, PDGF increased thymidine incorporation by 96% as compared with a 44% increase in control cells (a 2-fold increment). Similarly, preincubation of VSMC with insulin increased the ability of PDGF to stimulate gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factor 5- to 8-fold. The potentiating influence of insulin on PDGF action was abrogated in the presence of a farnesyltransferase inhibitor. Thus, the detrimental influence of hyperinsulinemia on the arterial wall may be related to the ability of insulin to augment farnesyltransferase activity and provide greater amounts of farnesylated p21Ras for stimulation by various growth promoting agents. C1 City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Diabet Endocrinol & Metab, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. Wayne State Univ, Dept Med, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Ctr Hlth Sci, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Denver VA Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Sci, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Draznin, B (reprint author), VA Hosp, 151,1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. EM bdramin@sembilan.ufhsc.edu NR 52 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 139 IS 10 BP 4067 EP 4072 DI 10.1210/en.139.10.4067 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 121WE UT WOS:000076038100007 PM 9751484 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM AF Jensen, DM TI Diagnosis and treatment of patients with severe hematochezia: A time for change SO ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID URGENT COLONOSCOPY; HEMORRHAGE; PURGE C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Jensen, DM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 318, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0013-726X J9 ENDOSCOPY JI Endoscopy PD OCT PY 1998 VL 30 IS 8 BP 724 EP 726 DI 10.1055/s-2007-1001397 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 143TG UT WOS:000077272100012 PM 9865565 ER PT J AU Ahroni, JH Boyko, EJ Forsberg, R AF Ahroni, JH Boyko, EJ Forsberg, R TI Reliability of F-Scan in-shoe measurements of plantar pressure SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID LIMB AB Research by our group and others indicates that many amputations of the lower limb occur after foot ulceration in patients with diabetes. It has been proposed that diabetic fool ulcers are mainly caused by repetitive trauma in areas of high plantar pressure during walking. Recent technology permits in-shoe measurement of plantar pressure. We assessed the reliability of the F-Scan in-shoe system for measurement of plantar pressure (Tekscan Inc., Boston, MA) in 51 subjects from a cohort of 977 diabetic veterans enrolled in a prospective study of risk factors for foot ulceration and amputation (the Seattle Diabetic Foot Study). Subjects were tested twice, wearing their own shoes. We used the coefficient of variation (CV) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) to estimate the reliability of F-Scan measurements of pressure. Peak pressure over the metatarsal heads proved to have the best indices of reliability, with CVs of 0.150 and 0.155, and ICCs of 0.755 and 0.751. Coefficients of variation for the heel, whole foot, and hallux ranged from 0.148 to 0.240, with ICCs ranging from 0.493 to 0.832. By published standards, peak pressures over the metatarsal heads and right hallux met the criteria for excellent reliability. Our ICCs for high pressures under the foot, heel, metatarsal heads, and hallux, and for peak pressures under the heel and left hallux represented fair-to-good reliability. No F-Scan plantar measurements could be judged by these criteria as having poor reliability. This clinical study found that for elderly patients with diabetes who were wearing their own shoes and were tested on two different days with different insoles, the F-Scan insole system was generally reliable for measurements of high pressure and peak pressure. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Diabet Foot Study, Gen Internal Med Clin 111 M, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ahroni, JH (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Diabet Foot Study, Gen Internal Med Clin 111 M, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 16 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 19 IS 10 BP 668 EP 673 PG 6 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 130ND UT WOS:000076525400004 PM 9801080 ER PT J AU Schuster, MA Bell, RM Nakajima, GA Kanouse, DE AF Schuster, MA Bell, RM Nakajima, GA Kanouse, DE TI The sexual practices of Asian and Pacific Islander high school students SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Asians; Pacific islanders; sexual practices; adolescents; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome prevention and control; contraception ID HIV-INFECTION; TRANSMITTED DISEASES; RISK BEHAVIORS; TEENAGE MEN; INNER-CITY; ADOLESCENTS; ETHNICITY; RACE; PREVENTION; KNOWLEDGE AB Purpose: To describe the sexual behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes of Asian and Pacific Islander California high school students and to compare them to other racial/ethnic groups. Methods: Data were collected from an anonymous self-administered survey of 2026 ninth to 12th graders in a Los Angeles County school district; 186 of the respondents described themselves as Asian and Pacific Islander. The survey was conducted in April 1992. Results: A higher percentage of Asian and Pacific Islander adolescents (73%) compared with African-American (28%, p<.001), Latino (43%, p<.001), white (50%, p <.001), and other (48%, p <.001) adolescents had never had vaginal intercourse. Asian and Pacific Islander adolescents were less likely than other adolescents to report having engaged in heterosexual genital sexual activities during the prior year, including masturbation of or by a partner, fellatio with ejaculation, cunnilingus, and anal intercourse. Few students in any group reported homosexual genital sexual activities. Asians and Pacific Islanders who had had vaginal intercourse were more likely than most other groups to have used a condom at first vaginal intercourse, but Asians and Pacific Islanders had not used condoms more consistently over the prior year. Asians and Pacific Islanders were more likely to expect parental disapproval if they had vaginal intercourse and less likely to think that their peers had had vaginal intercourse. Conclusions: Asian and Pacific Islander high school students in one California school district appear to be at lower sexual risk than other racial/ethnic groups. However, a large minority are engaging in activities that can transmit disease and lead to unwanted pregnancy. Therefore, current efforts to develop culturally sensitive clinical and community-based approaches to sexual risk prevention should include Asians and Pacific Islanders. (C) Society for Adolescent Medicine, 1998. C1 Rand Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Schuster, MA (reprint author), Rand Corp, 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. NR 45 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD OCT PY 1998 VL 23 IS 4 BP 221 EP 231 DI 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00210-3 PG 11 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 121MD UT WOS:000076016800006 PM 9763158 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R Najvar, LK Luther, MF Loebenberg, D AF Graybill, JR Bocanegra, R Najvar, LK Luther, MF Loebenberg, D TI SCH56592 treatment of murine invasive aspergillosis SO JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID AMPHOTERICIN-B; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; ITRACONAZOLE; COMBINATION; MULTICENTER; FLUCONAZOLE; PREVENTION; THERAPY; MYCOSES; CANCER AB Mice were immunosuppressed using corticosteroids and infected with conidia of Aspergillus fumigatus. Beginning 1 day after infection, mice were treated orally either with Noble agar or with SCH56592 suspended in Noble agar, or intraperitoneally with amphotericin B. SCH56592 prolonged survival and reduced lung tissue counts of A. fumigatus, while amphotericin B had marginal benefit. SCH56592 merits further development for treatment of aspergillosis. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis 111F, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Schering Plough Corp, Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ 07033 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis 111F, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM Graybill@uthscsa.edu NR 25 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-7453 J9 J ANTIMICROB CHEMOTH JI J. Antimicrob. Chemother. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 42 IS 4 BP 539 EP 542 DI 10.1093/jac/42.4.539 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 132KR UT WOS:000076629400020 PM 9818757 ER PT J AU Li, N Oberley, TD AF Li, N Oberley, TD TI Modulation of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, and glutathione levels in manganese superoxide dismutase-overexpressing NIH/3T3 fibroblasts during the cell cycle SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID KIDNEY TUBULAR CELLS; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PROTEIN-KINASE; HAMSTER-KIDNEY; FREE-RADICALS; RAT-LIVER; TUMOR; EXPRESSION; PROLIFERATION AB NIH/3T3 mouse embryo fibroblasts were transfected with the cDNA for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). Previous studies showed characteristic unique AE profiles in nonsynchronous populations of parental, control plasmid-transfected, and MnSOD-overexpressing NIH/3T3 cell lines. However, the present study showed that during S and M phases of the cell cycle, antioxidant enzyme (AE) levels were altered in MnSOD-overexpressing cell lines towards levels in S and M phases of parental and control plasmid-transfected cells. Because of the demonstration that MnSOD overexpression inhibits cell growth in both nonmalignant and malignant cells, the present study was designed to measure AEs, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione levels in various phases of the cell cycle in both parental NIH/3T3 cells and NIH/3T3 cells overexpressing MnSOD, to try to determine whether AEs, ROS, and glutathione levels could have a possible regulatory role in cell cycle progression. In all cell lines studied, ROS levels were lower in M than S phase of the cell cycle. Total glutathione and glutathione disulfide levels were greatly increased during the M phase of the cell cycle compared with quiescence and S phase in all cell lines studied. This suggests that oxidative stress exists in M phase of the cell cycle with total glutathione levels increased to decrease oxidative stress. Analysis of MnSOD-overexpressing cell clones showed a correlation of decreased cell growth with an increase in ROS in S phase of the cell cycle and a decrease in glutathione in mitosis. The data strongly suggest that specific levels of cell redox state are necessary for cells to successfully progress through the various phases of the cell cycle. Cell. Physiol. 177:148-160, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Room A35,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 52 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 177 IS 1 BP 148 EP 160 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199810)177:1<148::AID-JCP16>3.0.CO;2-9 PG 13 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 114RB UT WOS:000075621700016 PM 9731755 ER PT J AU Argyropoulos, G Brown, AM Willi, SM Zhu, JG He, YF Reitman, M Gevao, SM Spruill, I Garvey, WT AF Argyropoulos, G Brown, AM Willi, SM Zhu, JG He, YF Reitman, M Gevao, SM Spruill, I Garvey, WT TI Effects of mutations in the human uncoupling protein 3 gene on the respiratory quotient and fat oxidation in severe obesity and type 2 diabetes SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE UCP3; mutation; obesity; fat oxidation; respiratory quotient; African American ID BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN; NUCLEOTIDE-BINDING; THYROID-HORMONE; EXPRESSION; LEPTIN; IDENTIFICATION; SENSITIVITY; TRANSPORT; CLONING AB Human uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial transmembrane carrier that uncouples oxidative ATP phosphorylation. With the capacity to participate in thermogenesis and energy balance, UCP3 is an important obesity candidate gene. A missense polymorphism in exon 3 (V102I) was identified in an obese and diabetic proband. A mutation introducing a stop codon in exon 4 (R143X) and a terminal polymorphism in the splice donor junction of exon 6 were also identified in a compound heterozygote that was morbidly obese and diabetic. Allele frequencies of the exon 3 and exon 6 splice junction polymorphisms were determined and found to be similar in Gullah-speaking African Americans and the Mende tribe of Sierra Leone, but absent in Caucasians. Moreover, in exon 6-splice donor heterozygotes, basal fat oxidation rates were reduced by 50%, and the respiratory quotient was markedly increased compared with wild-type individuals, implicating a role for UCP3 in metabolic fuel partitioning. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIDDKD, Diabet Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Sierra Leone, Coll Med & Allied Hlth Sci, Freetown, Sierra Leone. RP Argyropoulos, G (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM argyrog@musc.edu RI Reitman, Marc/B-4448-2013 OI Reitman, Marc/0000-0002-0426-9475 FU NCRR NIH HHS [3MO1RR01070-20S2]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-38765, DK-47461] NR 35 TC 163 Z9 172 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 7 BP 1345 EP 1351 DI 10.1172/JCI4115 PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 127ZE UT WOS:000076380100008 PM 9769326 ER PT J AU Choi, SJ Devlin, RD Menaa, C Chung, H Roodman, GD Reddy, SV AF Choi, SJ Devlin, RD Menaa, C Chung, H Roodman, GD Reddy, SV TI Cloning and identification of human sea as a novel inhibitor of osteoclast formation and bone resorption SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE osteoclast bone marrow cultures; hSca; expression cloning; inhibitors ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; LY-6 FAMILY; OSTEOTROPIC HORMONES; ANCHORED PROTEINS; MARROW CULTURES; CELLS; DIFFERENTIATION; MEMBER AB Increased osteoclast activity is responsible for the enhanced bone destruction in postmenopausal osteoporosis, Paget's disease, bone metastasis, and hypercalcemia of malignancy. However, the number of known inhibitory factors that block osteoclast formation and bone resorption are limited. Therefore, we used an expression-cloning approach to identify novel factors produced by osteoclasts that inhibit osteoclast activity. A candidate clone was identified and isolated from a human osteoclast-like multinucleated cell (MNC) cDNA library, named osteoclast inhibitory peptide-1 (OIP-1), and the cDNA sequence was determined. This sequence matched that of the recently identified human stem cell antigen, was structurally similar to the mouse Ly-6 gene family, and the sequence predicted it was a glycosyl phosphatidyl inositol (GPI)-anchored protein that had a cleavable COOH-terminal peptide. Western blot analysis of conditioned media from 293 cells transfected with the OIP-1 cDNA clone confirmed that OIP-1 was released into the media as a membrane-bound GPI-linked protein. Interestingly, both recombinant OIP-1 expressed in Escherichia coli (which does not have GPI linker) and OIP-1 expressed by mammalian cells significantly reduced osteoclast-like MNC formation induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3 or PTH-related protein in mouse and human bone marrow cultures, and inhibited Ca-45 release from prelabeled bone in fetal rat organ cultures. In contrast, recombinant OIP-1 did not inhibit the growth of a variety of other cell types. These data indicate that OIP-1 is a novel, specific inhibitor of osteoclast formation and bone resorption. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Reddy, SV (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Hematol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13625]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336] NR 28 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD OCT 1 PY 1998 VL 102 IS 7 BP 1360 EP 1368 DI 10.1172/JCI2667 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 127ZE UT WOS:000076380100010 PM 9769328 ER PT J AU Kirkpatrick, WR Revankar, SG McAtee, RK Lopez-Ribot, JL Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Sanche, SE Cantu, RA Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF AF Kirkpatrick, WR Revankar, SG McAtee, RK Lopez-Ribot, JL Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Sanche, SE Cantu, RA Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF TI Detection of Candida dubliniensis in oropharyngeal samples from human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients in North America by primary CHROMagar Candida screening and susceptibility testing of isolates SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; FLUCONAZOLE; IDENTIFICATION; RESISTANCE; ALBICANS; YEASTS AB Candida dubliniensis has been associated with oropharyngeal candidiasis in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), C, dubliniensis isolates may have: been improperly characterized as atypical Candida albicans due to the phenotypic similarity between the two species. Prospective screening of oral rinses from 63 HIV-infected patients detected atypical dark green isolates on CHROMagar Candida compared to typical C, albicans isolates, which are light green, Forty-eight atypical isolates and three control strains were characterized by germ tube formation, differential growth at 37, 42, and 45 degrees C, identification by API 20C, fluorescence, chlamydoconidium production, and fingerprinting by Ca3 probe DNA hybridization patterns. All isolates were germ tube positive, Very poor or no growth occurred at 42 degrees C with 22 of 51 isolates. All 22 poorly growing isolates at 42 degrees C and one isolate with growth at 42 degrees C showed weak hybridization of the Ca3 probe with genomic DNA, consistent with C. dubliniensis identification. No C. dubliniensis isolate but only 18 of 28C, albicans isolates grew at 45 degrees C, Other phenotypic or morphologic tests were less reliable in differentiating C, dubliniensis from C, albicans, Antifungal susceptibility testing showed fluconazole MICs ranging from less than or equal to 0.125 to 64 mu g/ml. Two isolates were resistant to fluconazale (MIC, 64 mu g/ml) and one strain was dose dependent susceptible (MIC, 16 mu g/ml). MICs of other azoles, including voriconazole, itraconazole, and SCH 56592, for these isolates were lower. C, dubliniensis was identified in 11 of 63 (17%) serially evaluated patients, Variability in phenotypic characteristics dictates the use of molecular and biochemical techniques to identify C, dubliniensis, This study identifies C, dubliniensis in HIV-infected patients from San Antonio, Tex,, and shows that C, dubliniensis is frequently detected in those patients by using a primary CHROMagar screen. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Div, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Patterson, TF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM patterson@uthscsa.edu RI Lopez-Ribot, Jose/D-2048-2010 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR001346, M01-RR-01346]; NIAID NIH HHS [1 R29 AI42401]; NIDCR NIH HHS [1 RO1 DE11381, R01 DE011381] NR 19 TC 139 Z9 148 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 36 IS 10 BP 3007 EP 3012 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 119LD UT WOS:000075896800035 PM 9738058 ER PT J AU Nikolakopoulos, J Zachariah, C de Freitas, DM Stubbs, EB Ramasamy, R Castro, GMCA Geraldes, CFGC AF Nikolakopoulos, J Zachariah, C de Freitas, DM Stubbs, EB Ramasamy, R Castro, GMCA Geraldes, CFGC TI Li-7 nuclear magnetic resonance study for the determination of Li+ properties in neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE perfusion; agarose gel threads; shift reagents; veratridine; Na+ channels ID RED-BLOOD-CELLS; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; SHIFT-REAGENT; GEL THREADS; TRANSPORT; BINDING; EXPRESSION; MEMBRANE; AGONISTS AB Lithium has been used clinically in the treatment of manic depression, However, its pharmacologic mode of action remains unclear, Characteristics of Li+ interactions in red blood cells (RBCs) have been identified. We investigated Li+ interactions on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells by developing a novel Li-7 NMR method that provided a clear estimation of the intra- and extracellular amounts of Li+ in the presence of the shift reagent thulium-1,4,7,10-tetrazacyclododecane-N, N',N ", N'''-tetramethylene phosphonate (HTmDOTP4-). The first-order rate constants of Li+ influx and efflux for perfused, agarose-embedded SH-SY5Y cells in the presence of 3 mM HTmDOTP4- were 0.055 +/- 0.006 (n = 4) and -0.025 +/- 0.006 min(-1) (n = 3), respectively, Significant increases in the rate constants of Li+ influx and efflux in the presence of 0.05 mM veratridine indicated the presence of Nai channel-mediated Li+ transport in SH-SY5Y cells. Li-7 NMR relaxation measurements showed that Li+ is immobilized more in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells than in human RBCs. C1 Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Serv Neurol, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Div Cardiol, New York, NY USA. Univ Coimbra, Dept Biochem, Coimbra, Portugal. Univ Coimbra, Ctr Neurosci, Coimbra, Portugal. RP de Freitas, DM (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Dept Chem, 6525 N Sheridan Rd, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. OI Castro, Maria Margarida/0000-0001-6811-3878; Geraldes, Carlos/0000-0002-0837-8329 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH45926] NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 71 IS 4 BP 1676 EP 1684 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 120MJ UT WOS:000075959900039 PM 9751202 ER PT J AU Rodgers, MM Bar-Or, O Childress, DS Zajac, F Langbein, WE van der Woude, LHV Sowell, TT Cooper, RA AF Rodgers, MM Bar-Or, O Childress, DS Zajac, F Langbein, WE van der Woude, LHV Sowell, TT Cooper, RA TI A memorial tribute to Roger M. Glaser, PhD SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Maryland VA Healthcare Syst, Rehabil R&D Ctr Excellence, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Fundamental & Clin Movement Sci, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Wingate Inst Phys Educ & Sports, Netanya, Israel. Northwestern Univ, Rehabil Engn Program, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Prosthet Res Lab, Chicago, IL USA. VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Rehabil R&D Ctr Excellence, Palo Alto, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Maryland VA Healthcare Syst, Rehabil R&D Ctr Excellence, Baltimore, MD USA. RI Childress, Dudley/B-6967-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 EI 1938-1352 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP VII EP IX PG 3 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 183RA UT WOS:000079566200001 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Goldstein, G Heyman, RA Rondinelli, T AF Allen, DN Goldstein, G Heyman, RA Rondinelli, T TI Teaching memory strategies to persons with multiple sclerosis SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE cognitive rehabilitation; memory; multiple sclerosis AB A memory-training program previously used effectively upon persons with head-injury (HI) was conducted upon eight subjects with multiple sclerosis (MS). The program involved computer-assisted teaching of imagery-based mnemonic strategies for recall of lengthy lists of words, and for associating names with faces. Results were similar to those found in individuals with HI, but the MS subjects learned the strategies quickly, and did not appear to require the lengthy training needed by persons with HI. It was concluded that memory training of those with MS may sometimes only require teaching of mnemonic strategies without extensive practice. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 5 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 405 EP 410 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 183RA UT WOS:000079566200006 PM 10220218 ER PT J AU Teri, L McCurry, SM Buchner, DM Logsdon, RG LaCroix, AZ Kukull, WA Barlow, WE Larson, EB AF Teri, L McCurry, SM Buchner, DM Logsdon, RG LaCroix, AZ Kukull, WA Barlow, WE Larson, EB TI Exercise and activity level in Alzheimer's disease: A potential treatment focus SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; caregivers; exercise; physical function ID FUNCTIONAL REACH; PUBLIC-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; DEMENTIA; FALLS AB This article provides information on the baseline health and physical function of 30 individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD); describes a community-based program designed to increase balance, flexibility, strength, and endurance in these persons by the training of caregivers to facilitate and supervise exercise activity; and documents the adherence of these subjects and their caregivers to this intervention. Subjects were recruited from an ongoing, community-based Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry, and met NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable or possible AD. Caregivers were family members living with the demented individuals in the community. Physical performance was measured using walking speed, functional reach, and standing balance. Health status was measured with the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form, the Sickness Impact Profile, and caregiver reports of subject's restricted activity days, bed disability days, falls, and exercise participation. Baseline data indicated that persons with AD were impaired on measures of physical performance and function, compared to published data on nondemented older adults. During a 12-wk treatment period, caregivers were taught to guide their demented charges in an individualized program of endurance activities (primarily walking), strength training, and balance and flexibility exercises. Adherence data indicated that 100% of the subjects were compliant with some exercise recommendations, and one-third completed all assigned exercises during the training period. Caregivers were able to learn and direct subjects during scheduled exercise activities. These findings indicate that the integration of exercise training into the care of persons with AD is both needed and feasible. Further research is currently underway to determine the efficacy of this approach for reducing additional physical disability in these individuals. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Dept Psychosocial & Community Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, NW Ctr Outcomes Res & Older Adults, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Dept Prevent & Community Serv, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Teri, L (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Dept Psychosocial & Community Hlth, Box 357263, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Kukull, Walter/0000-0001-8761-9014 NR 28 TC 42 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 13 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 35 IS 4 BP 411 EP 419 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 183RA UT WOS:000079566200007 PM 10220219 ER PT J AU Landefeld, CS Chren, MM AF Landefeld, CS Chren, MM TI Preventing disability in older people with chronic disease: What is a doctor to do? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material ID COMPREHENSIVE GERIATRIC ASSESSMENT; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; HEART-FAILURE; ELDERLY PATIENTS; CARE; EXERCISE; ADULTS; INTERVENTION; METAANALYSIS; OUTCOMES C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Ctr Aging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Natl Qual Scholars Program, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Landefeld, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Ctr Aging, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 46 IS 10 BP 1314 EP 1316 PG 3 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 127HT UT WOS:000076345400021 PM 9777919 ER PT J AU Hamilton, JD Workman, RH AF Hamilton, JD Workman, RH TI Persistence of combat-related posttraumatic stress symptoms for 75 years SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMATIC STRESS LA English DT Article DE posttraumatic stress disorder-course; dementia; aged; dreams ID VETERANS; DISORDER; ILLNESS AB Investigations of the duration of combat-related posttraumatic stress symptoms have focused mainly on survivors of World War II and the Vietnam War with little attention to surviving veterans of World War I. The authors describe a case in which posttraumatic stress symptoms persisted for 75 years in a World War I combat veteran and increased in frequency toward the end of his life accompanied by advancing dementia and hospitalization. The case illustrates that posttraumatic stress symptoms may be lifelong and exacerbated by various consequences of aging, even if they are not disabling. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116A, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Hamilton, JD (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116A, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0894-9867 J9 J TRAUMA STRESS JI J. Trauma Stress PD OCT PY 1998 VL 11 IS 4 BP 763 EP 768 DI 10.1023/A:1024449517730 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 148TE UT WOS:000077548000011 PM 9870226 ER PT J AU Teichman, JMH Harris, JM Currie, DM Barber, DB AF Teichman, JMH Harris, JM Currie, DM Barber, DB TI Malone antegrade continence enema for adults with neurogenic bowel disease SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE bladder, neurogenic; fecal incontinence; enema; urinary incontinence ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; FECAL INCONTINENCE; COLONIC ENEMA; CHILDREN; MANAGEMENT; URINARY; CONSTIPATION; DYSFUNCTION AB Purpose: We describe the outcomes of adults with neurogenic bowel disease who underwent a Malone antegrade continence enema procedure with or without concomitant urinary diversion. Materials and Methods: Consecutive adult patients with neurogenic bowel disease who underwent an antegrade continence enema procedure (continent catheterizable appendicocecostomy for fecal impaction) were retrospectively reviewed. Results: Of the 7 patients who underwent an antegrade continence enema synchronous urinary procedure (ileal conduit, augmentation ileocystoplasty with continent catheterizable abdominal stoma or augmentation ileocystoplasty) was also performed in 6. Mean patient age was 32 years and mean followup was 11 months. Of the 7 patients 6 who self-administered antegrade continence enemas regularly were continent of stool per rectum and appendicocecostomy, using the appendicocecostomy as the portal for antegrade enemas. All 6 compliant patients reported decreased toileting time and improved quality of life. Preoperative autonomic dysreflexia resolved postoperatively in 3 patients. All urinary tracts were stable. In 4 patients 5 complications occurred, including antegrade continence enema stomal stenosis requiring appendicocutaneous revision (1), antegrade continence enema stomal stenosis requiring dilation (1), superficial wound infection (1), small bowel obstruction requiring lysis of adhesions (1) and urinary incontinence (1 who underwent continent urinary diversion). Conclusions: Patients with neurogenic bladder and bowel disease may benefit from antegrade continence enema performed synchronously with a urinary procedure. Antegrade continence enema may be indicated alone for neurogenic bowel. Patient selection is important. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Teichman, JMH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Urol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 160 IS 4 BP 1278 EP 1281 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62515-1 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 120YZ UT WOS:000075986600016 PM 9751335 ER PT J AU Simon, M Cleary, TG Hernandez, JD Abboud, HE AF Simon, M Cleary, TG Hernandez, JD Abboud, HE TI Shiga toxin 1 elicits diverse biologic responses in mesangial cells SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE monocyte chemotactic protein-1; protein synthesis inhibition; hemolytic uremic syndrome; glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide; cell injury; edema; glomerulosclerosis ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MONOCYTE CHEMOATTRACTANT PROTEIN-1; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GLYCOLIPID-BINDING; BUTYRIC-ACID; FACTOR-ALPHA; CYTO-TOXIN; VEROCYTOTOXIN AB Background. Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) is a causative agent in hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). Its receptor, the glycosphingolipid elobotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)), is expressed on cultured human endothelial and mesangial cells. Mesangial cell injury in HUS ranges from mild cellular edema to severe mesangiolysis and eventual glomerulosclerosis. We hypothesized that, in addition to endothelial cells, mesangial cells are targets of Stx1. Methods. Human mesangial cells were exposed to Stx1. Protein synthesis was measured using [S-35]-methionine/cysteine. Cell viability was measured as the lysosomal uptake of Neutral Red. Monocyte chemotactic peptide (MCP-1) mRNA and protein were analyzed by Northern blotting and ELISA. Results. Stx1 (0.25 to 2500 ng/ml) resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of protein synthesis. This effect of Stx1 was potentiated by preincubation of the cells with interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha; 2 ng/ml) or tumor necrosis-alpha (TNF-alpha; 500 U/ml). Stx1 had little effect on mesangial cell viability during the first 24 hours of exposure to Stx1. However, prolonged incubation with Stx1 for 48 and 72 hours resulted in a 68% and 80% decrease in cell-viability, respectively. Stx1 elicited a dose and time dependent increase in the levels of MCP-I mRNA, an effect that was potentiated by preincubation with IL-1 alpha. Conclusion. These data indicate that mesangial cells are susceptible to the effects of Stx1 in vitro. Stx1 exerts a spectrum of biologic effects on mesangial cells ranging from activation of chemokine genes to a lethal toxic injury. Immunoinflammatory cytokines potentiate the effects of Stx1. Thus, glomerular pathology in HUS may also result from a direct effect of Stx1 on mesangial cells. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Affairs Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Houston, TX USA. RP Abboud, HE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 43988, DK 33665] NR 50 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1117 EP 1127 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00085.x PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 122XN UT WOS:000076096900009 PM 9767527 ER PT J AU Gerard, HC Kohler, L Branigan, PJ Zeidler, H Schumacher, HR Hudson, AP AF Gerard, HC Kohler, L Branigan, PJ Zeidler, H Schumacher, HR Hudson, AP TI Viability and gene expression in Chlamydia trachomatis during persistent infection of cultured human monocytes SO MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia; persistent infection; monocytes; transcription ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; REITERS-SYNDROME; SYNOVIAL TISSUE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PROTEIN GENE; ANTIGEN; IDENTIFICATION; HYBRIDIZATION; PATHOGENESIS; NUCLEOTIDE AB The principal host cell for persistently infecting synovial Chlamydia trachomatis is the macrophage. During infection of human monocytes/macrophages in culture this bacterium displays aberrant morphology and produces no new elementary bodies, reflecting the situation in synovium. Here we investigate the metabolic status of C. trachomatis (serovar K) during an extended infection of human peripheral monocytes in vitro. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assays, we have shown that primary transcripts from the chlamydial rRNA operons are present throughout a 10-day course of infection. Other assays targeting mRNAs from chlamydial genes encoding r-proteins S5 and L5, the glycyl-tRNA synthetase, the 60-kDa cysteine-rich outer membrane protein, and the KDO transferase indicate that these messengers are also present throughout the entire 10-day period. The gene encoding the 57-kDa heat-shock protein (hsp60) is expressed by the bacterium throughout the 10-day infection of cultured monocytes, but transcript levels from the gene encoding the major outer membrane protein (omp1) appear to be attenuated. Western analyses targeting these latter proteins confirm the presence of the hsp60 gene product, and the virtual absence of major outer membrane protein, in chlamydia-infected cultured human monocytes. Thus, during extended infection of human monocytes in vitro, chlamydia are non-productive but transcriptionally active; the pattern of transcriptional activity reflects that known for persistent C. trachomatis infection in vivo in synovial tissue. C1 Med Hsch Hannover, Abt Rheumatol, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kohler, L (reprint author), Med Hsch Hannover, Abt Rheumatol, Carl Neuberg Str 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 29 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0300-8584 J9 MED MICROBIOL IMMUN JI Med. Microbiol. Immunol. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 187 IS 2 BP 115 EP 120 DI 10.1007/s004300050082 PG 6 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 134LQ UT WOS:000076744900008 PM 9832326 ER PT J AU Minassian, BA Lee, JR Herbrick, JA Huizenga, J Soder, S Mungall, AJ Dunham, I Gardner, R Fong, CG Carpenter, S Jardim, L Satishchandra, P Andermann, E Snead, OC Lopes-Cendes, I Tsui, LC Delgado-Escueta, AV Rouleau, GA Scherer, SW AF Minassian, BA Lee, JR Herbrick, JA Huizenga, J Soder, S Mungall, AJ Dunham, I Gardner, R Fong, CG Carpenter, S Jardim, L Satishchandra, P Andermann, E Snead, OC Lopes-Cendes, I Tsui, LC Delgado-Escueta, AV Rouleau, GA Scherer, SW TI Mutations in a gene encoding a novel protein tyrosine phosphatase cause progressive myoclonus epilepsy SO NATURE GENETICS LA English DT Article ID LAFORAS-DISEASE; FORM; DIAGNOSIS AB Lafora's disease (LD; OMIM 254780) is an autosomal recessive form of progressive myoclonus epilepsy characterized by seizures and cumulative neurological deterioration. Onset occurs during late childhood and usually results in death within ten years of the first symptoms(1,2). With few exceptions, patients follow a homogeneous clinical course despite the existence of genetic heterogeneity(3). Biopsy of various tissues, including brain, revealed characteristic polyglucosan inclusions called Lafora bodies(4-8), which suggested LD might be a generalized storage disease(6,9). Using a positional cloning approach, we have identified at chromosome 6q24 a novel gene, EPM2A. that encodes a protein with consensus amino acid sequence indicative of a protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP). mRNA transcripts representing alternatively spliced forms of EPM2A were found in every tissue examined, including brain. Six distinct DNA sequence variations in EPM2A in nine families, and one homozygous microdeletion in another family have been found to cosegregate with LD. These mutations are predicted to cause deleterious effects in the putative protein product, named laforin, resulting in LD. C1 Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Genet, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Paediat, Div Neurol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Sanger Ctr, Hinxton CB10 1SA, Cambs, England. Salisbury Dist Hosp, Salisbury Hlth Care NHS Trust, Wessex Reg Genet Lab, Salisbury SP2 8BJ, Wilts, England. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Calif Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Toronto, Toronto Hosp, Dept Pathol, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada. Hosp Clin Porto Alegre, Med Genet Serv, BR-90035003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. Deemed Univ, Natl Inst Mental Hlth & Neurosci, Bangalore 560029, Karnataka, India. McGill Univ, Dept Human Genet, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Montreal Gen Hosp, Res Inst, Ctr Res Neurosci, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A4, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada. RP Scherer, SW (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Genet, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. RI Tsui, Lap-chee/A-1081-2010; Howe, Jennifer/I-9013-2012; Jardim, Laura/B-6149-2013; Lopes-Cendes, Iscia/B-9416-2013; Scherer, Stephen /B-3785-2013 OI Lopes-Cendes, Iscia/0000-0002-6221-6822; Scherer, Stephen /0000-0002-8326-1999 FU NINDS NIH HHS [5P01-NS21908]; Wellcome Trust NR 24 TC 275 Z9 284 U1 1 U2 14 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1061-4036 J9 NAT GENET JI Nature Genet. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 20 IS 2 BP 171 EP 174 DI 10.1038/2470 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 125HL UT WOS:000076231300019 PM 9771710 ER PT J AU Daws, LC Lopez, R Frazer, A AF Daws, LC Lopez, R Frazer, A TI Effects of antidepressant treatment on inhibitory avoidance behavior and amygdaloid beta-adrenoceptors in rats SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE inhibitory avoidance; desipramine; phenelzine; fluoxetine; beta(1)-adrenoceptors; amygdala ID POST-TRAINING EPINEPHRINE; ANTI-DEPRESSANT DRUGS; PASSIVE-AVOIDANCE; MEMORY STORAGE; QUANTITATIVE AUTORADIOGRAPHY; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS; NEUROMODULATORY SYSTEMS; NORADRENERGIC SYSTEM; POTENTIATED STARTLE; INVOLVEMENT AB Chronic treatment of mts with a variety of antidepressants results in the down-regulation of beta(1)-adrenoceptors ill the amygdaloid nuclei. The present study sought to determine if this specific neurochemical effect caused air alteration in inhibitory az,avoidance conditioning, a behavior considered to be mediated by beta-adrenoceptors in the amygdala. Rats treated chronically with either desipramine (DMI) or phenelzine (PHEN), which down-regulate beta(1)-adrenoceptors in the amygdala, or fluoxetine (FLUOX), which does not no this, did not exhibit a deficit in the retention of the inhibitory avoidance task. However, when scopolamine was given prior to acquisition of the task in a nose that, by itself, did not affect retention, DMI- and PHEN-treated rats showed a marked deficit in retention. This effect was also observed after acute administration of these drugs, although they did not down-regulate amygdaloid beta(1)-adrenoceptors at this time. It seems that the ability of these antidepressants to potentiate the amnesic effect of scopolamine is unrelated to their effect on beta(1)-adrenoceptor number in the amygdala and that the extent of antidepressant-induced amygdaloid beta(1)-adrenoceptor down-regulation is not sufficient, by itself, to cause a deficit in an inhibitory avoidance task. (C) 1998 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Daws, LC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH29094] NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 19 IS 4 BP 300 EP 313 DI 10.1038/sj.npp.1395200 PG 14 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 109RN UT WOS:000075337100006 PM 9718593 ER PT J AU Wallner, KE AF Wallner, KE TI The Stock/Ferrari/Stone article reviewed SO ONCOLOGY-NEW YORK LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROSTATE-CANCER; RADIATION C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA USA. RP Wallner, KE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU P R R INC PI HUNTINGTON PA 17 PROSPECT ST, HUNTINGTON, NY 11743 USA SN 0890-9091 J9 ONCOLOGY-NY JI Oncology-NY PD OCT PY 1998 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1475 EP 1476 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 139QC UT WOS:000077039500012 ER PT J AU Miller, TA Wyatt, LE Rudkin, GH AF Miller, TA Wyatt, LE Rudkin, GH TI Staged skin and subcutaneous excision for lymphedema: A favorable report of long-term results SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 76th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Plastic-Surgeons CY MAY 18-21, 1997 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP Amer Assoc Plast Surgeons ID VENOUS ANASTOMOSES; LYMPHOEDEMA; EXTREMITIES; OPERATION AB Numerous surgical procedures have been proposed for the management of lymphedema. The postoperative results vary, and unfortunately none of the procedures are curative. As a result, some degree of recurrence of leg edema is seen in all patients postoperatively. Reported here is a long-term follow-up of patients with lower extremity lymphedema managed by skin and subcutaneous tissue excision. Thirty-eight patients (6 male; 32 female) with with lower extremity lymphedema have been followed up for an average of 14 (3 to 27) years after staged subcutaneous excisions performed beneath skin flaps. Seven patients had been treated previously by other procedures. Of the 38 lymphedema patients, 10 patients developed edema after pelvic or grain ablative surgery, radiation therapy, or both. Results were documented by various methods: physical examination, circumferential measurements, volume displacement, serial photography, lymphoscintigraphy, and patient survey. Of these, it is believed that photographs are the easiest and as representative as any other method, all of which have seat variability. Of the 35 patients, 30 patients had significant and long-lasting reduction in extremity size associated with improved function and extremity contour. Episodes of recurrent cellulitis were reduced or completely eliminated. No differences in the long-term results were seen in patients with acquired as opposed to congenital lymphedema. Men did not have as much improvement as women. Two patients had no change in leg swelling, and six patients (three men) had progressive swelling after surgery. Partial wound separation occurred immediately postoperatively in one patient, and three patients had loss (less than 2 cm) of the skin flap, all in the ankle region. None of these instances required further surgery, and no other significant complications were encountered. Staged skin and subcutaneous excision beneath skin flaps appears to provide long-lasting improvement for lower extremity lymphedema, regardless of cause, in the majority of patients treated. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Med, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Plast Surg Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Med, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg, Sch Med, 200 Med Plaza,Suite 669, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 40 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1486 EP 1498 DI 10.1097/00006534-199810000-00022 PG 13 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 126PL UT WOS:000076285500022 PM 9774002 ER PT J AU Heffel, DF Miller, TA AF Heffel, DF Miller, TA TI Treatment of photodamaged skin with topical tretinoin: An update - Discussion SO PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID RECEPTORS C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Plast & Reconstruct Surg,Res & Surg Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Plast Surg Sect, Res & Surg Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Miller, TA (reprint author), 200 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 465, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0032-1052 J9 PLAST RECONSTR SURG JI Plast. Reconstr. Surg. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 102 IS 5 BP 1672 EP 1675 DI 10.1097/00006534-199810000-00054 PG 4 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 126PL UT WOS:000076285500054 ER PT J AU Hartman, N Caskey, NH Olmstead, RE Jarvik, ME AF Hartman, N Caskey, NH Olmstead, RE Jarvik, ME TI Nicotine craving and psychiatric diagnosis: Past, present, and future SO PSYCHIATRIC ANNALS LA English DT Article ID SMOKING WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS; TRANSDERMAL NICOTINE; TOBACCO WITHDRAWAL; CESSATION; DEPENDENCE; RELAPSE; QUESTIONNAIRE; PREDICTORS; ABSTINENCE; CIGARETTES AB This article provides a brief history of smoking behavior and its transition from accepted norm to medically treatable syndrome. The common methods used to assess craving are described, and the role of the concept of craving within the substance abuse field and its use in diagnosis is characterized. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Olmstead, RE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,691-B151D T-350, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0048-5713 J9 PSYCHIAT ANN JI Psychiatr. Ann. PD OCT PY 1998 VL 28 IS 10 BP 547 EP + PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 132TQ UT WOS:000076646500003 ER PT J AU Aravagiri, M Yuwiler, A Marder, SR AF Aravagiri, M Yuwiler, A Marder, SR TI Distribution after repeated oral administration of different dose levels of risperidone and 9-hydroxy risperidone in the brain and other tissues of rat SO PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE risperidone; 9-hydroxy-risperidone; antipsychotics; tissue distribution; regional brain distribution; brain to plasma level ratio; dose-tissue level relationship; rat ID SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; 5-HT2; D-2; METABOLITES; EXCRETION; EFFICACY AB Rats were treated with daily oral doses of 1, 4, and 6 mg/kg risperidone (RSP) and its metabolite, 9-hydroxy-risperidone (9-OH-RSP), for 15 consecutive days. Concentrations of RSP and 9-OH-RSP were measured in plasma, brain, liver, kidney, lungs and fat tissue by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Non-specific distribution of RSP and 9-OH-RSP in various brain regions was also studied after administration of 6 mg/kg per day oral dose for 15 days. After RSP treatment, concentrations of 9-OH-RSP were higher than those of RSP in plasma and tissues except in brain, where both compounds were present in nearly equal concentrations. Similarly, after 9-OH-RSP treatment, levels of 9-OH-RSP were higher than levels of either RSP or 9-OH-RSP or the sum of RSP and 9-OH-RSP levels measured after treatment with RSP. There was a moderate relationship between RSP dose and tissue levels of RSP and 9-OH-RSP (all r(s) greater than or equal to 0.62, P < 0.01), except in fat. There was also a strong relationship between the dose and tissue levels of 9-OH-RSP (all r(s) 2 0.68, P < 0.005). A significant relationship was found between plasma levels of RSP and brain levels of RSP and 9-OH-RSP (all r(s) greater than or equal to 0.571 P < 0.03) after treatment with RSP. After 9-OH-RSP treatment, a much stronger relationship was observed between plasma and brain 9-OH-RSP levels (r(s) greater than or equal to 0.90, P < 0.005). The plasma concentrations of RSP and 9-OH-RSP appear to reflect their concentrations in brain. The tissue-to-plasma ratios of RSP and 9-OH-RSP were relatively low compared to other antipsychotics. In liver, kidney and lung the tissue to plasma ratio for RSP and 9-OH-RSP after treating with RSP ranged from 0.85 to 3.4. The brain to plasma ratio for RSP and 9-OH-RSP was several-fold lower than that in peripheral tissues. After RSP administration, the mean brain to plasma level ratio for RSP was 0.22, and for 9-OH-RSP to it was 0.04. The brain to plasma ratio of 9-OH-RSP after giving 9-OH-RSP was similarly low (0.04). The low brain/plasma ratio of high potency RSP and 9-OH-RSP may in parr be due to their low lipophilicity, log P = 3.04 and 2.32, respectively, resulting in limited non-specific accumulation in brain tissue. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychopharmacol Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobiochem Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Aravagiri, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychopharmacol Unit, Bldg 210 4,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM kannan@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH41573] NR 24 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0033-3158 J9 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY JI Psychopharmacology PD OCT PY 1998 VL 139 IS 4 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1007/s002130050726 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 125VN UT WOS:000076257900007 PM 9809856 ER PT J AU Schwesinger, WH Page, CP Strodel, WE Ghiatis, AA Chopra, S Gross, GWW Sirinek, KR AF Schwesinger, WH Page, CP Strodel, WE Ghiatis, AA Chopra, S Gross, GWW Sirinek, KR TI Biliary sludge formation during enteral nutrition: Prevalence and natural history SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Meeting of the Central-Surgical-Association CY MAR 05-07, 1998 CL ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN SP Cent Surg Assoc ID TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; NEEDLE-CATHETER JEJUNOSTOMY; GALLBLADDER SLUDGE; COMPLICATIONS; BILIRUBIN; CALCIUM; DISEASE; BILE AB Background. Total parenteral nutrition is an etiologic factor in the formation of biliary sludge. We stud led whether enteral nutrition is also a risk factor for sludge. Methods. Fifty patients with a needle catheter jejunostomy (NCJ) placed during a major abdominal operation underwent preoperative and weekly postoperative ultrasonography until NCJ feedings were discontinued (1 to 6 weeks). Results. All patients were men. The mean age was 63.2 +/- 1.6 years. Fourteen asymptomatic patients (28.0%) had biliary sludge within 2 weeks of beg-inning enteral feedings through a NCJ. Complete ultrasonographic resolution of sludge was observed in 13 of the 14 positive patients within 1 to 2 weeks of resuming an oral diet. One patient was lost to follow-up after 14 week; a positive sonogram had persisted but the patient remained asymptomatic. During the period of observation, no other patient had signs of biliary tract disease. Conclusions. (1) Biliary sludge may form in some patients during enteral feeding with NCJ. (2) Sludge is cleared by the gallbladder once nit oral diet is resumed. (3) There appears to be little risk of complications during postoperative enteral feeding. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Schwesinger, WH (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 20 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD OCT PY 1998 VL 124 IS 4 BP 768 EP 772 DI 10.1067/msy.1998.92011 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 126XN UT WOS:000076320400024 PM 9781000 ER PT J AU Duntas, LH Pekary, E AF Duntas, LH Pekary, E TI A portrait of thyrotropin-releasing hormone: From New Orleans to Kos: On the occasion of the International TRH Meeting in Kos, Greece SO THYROID LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Athens, Sch Med, Evgenid Hosp, Endocrine Unit, Athens 11528, Greece. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Duntas, LH (reprint author), Univ Athens, Sch Med, Evgenid Hosp, Endocrine Unit, 20 Papadiamantopoulou St, Athens 11528, Greece. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD OCT PY 1998 VL 8 IS 10 BP 869 EP 870 DI 10.1089/thy.1998.8.869 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 135NM UT WOS:000076808900001 PM 9827652 ER PT J AU Sattin, A AF Sattin, A TI A heuristic model of mental depression derived from basic and applied research on thyrotropin-releasing hormone SO THYROID LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Related Peptides on the Dawning of a New Millennium Symposium CY JUN 05-07, 1998 CL KOS, GREECE ID TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; RAT LIMBIC FOREBRAIN; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; EYE-MOVEMENT SLEEP; MAJOR DEPRESSION; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; MOOD DISORDERS; ELECTROCONVULSIVE SEIZURES; ANXIETY DISORDERS; CLINICAL-RESPONSE AB Recent clinical reports have shown that intrathecal administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) can induce 2 to 3 day remissions of major depression more reliably than i.v. administration. Although clinically impractical, these remissions are rapid, occur within hours, and they survive at least one night's sleep. TRH and related peptides have regulatory effects in the limbic forebrain. Electroconvulsive shock (ECS) in rats induces synthesis of TRH in multiple subcortical limbic and frontal cortical regions, which are known in humans to be involved in both depression and in sleep. The increases in TRH and related peptides are regionally specific. The quantitative TRH increases in individual limbic regions have been correlated with the amount of forced-swimming done by the individual animal after ECS. Intraperitoneal TRH also gives a positive response in this test, as do all effective antidepressants. This article provides a heuristic framework for interdisciplinary neuroscientific study of the interrelated fields of depression and sleep, with a focus on TRH. preclinical data suggest that glutamatergic, subcortical limbic circuits contain TRH and related peptides as inhibitory cotransmitters that may normally restrain glutamatergic hyperactivity. It is suggested that, in depression, pathologically overdriven glutamatergic circuits escape inhibitory regulation by TRH. This escape is especially pronounced during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, and these phenomena may explain the prolonged latency of antidepressant treatment. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, ECT Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Sepulveda VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Sattin, A (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, ECT Serv, POB 84122, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 67 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD OCT PY 1998 VL 8 IS 10 BP 957 EP 962 DI 10.1089/thy.1998.8.957 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 135NM UT WOS:000076808900015 PM 9827666 ER PT J AU Pekary, AE AF Pekary, AE TI Is Ps4 (prepro-TRH [160-169]) more than an enhancer for thyrotropin-releasing hormone? SO THYROID LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Related Peptides on the Dawning of a New Millennium Symposium CY JUN 05-07, 1998 CL KOS, GREECE ID CYCLASE ACTIVATING POLYPEPTIDE; FOLLICULO-STELLATE CELLS; RAT REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; POTENTIATING PEPTIDE; HOMOLOGOUS PEPTIDE; HUMAN-SEMEN; CONNECTING PEPTIDES; INVITRO PRODUCTION; NEWBORN RATS; PITUITARY AB Ps4 (thyrotropin-releasing hormone [TRH]-enhancing peptide), one of the cryptic peptides resulting from the proteolytic processing of prepro-TRH to produce TRH, has a growing list of functions in addition to its well-established ability to enhance the TRH-induced release of thyrotropin (TSH) and prolactin from the pituitary. Intramedullary coadministration of Ps4 and TRH increased gastric acid secretion above the level produced by TRH alone and intracisternal infusion of Ps4 resulted in a substantial reduction in the levels of prepro-TRH-derived peptide levels in the rat pituitary, including Ps4. High-affinity receptors for Ps4 are widely distributed. In addition to the very high Ps4 binding capacity of the folliculo-stellate cells of the anterior pituitary, abundant Ps4 receptors are found in the urinary bladder, vas deferens, central nervous system, reproductive tissues, and pancreas. Targeted prepro-TRH gene disruption results in hyperglycemia as well as the expected hypothyroidism. The observed disregulation of thyroid and glucose homeostasis in the TRH "knockout" mouse clearly demonstrates that prepro-TRH-derived peptides and their cognate receptors within the pituitary, pancreas, and other neural and endocrine systems are of fundamental importance to a variety of physiological systems and merit structural and functional characterization. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Endocrinol Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Pekary, AE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Endocrinol Res Lab, Bldg 114,Rm 200,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD OCT PY 1998 VL 8 IS 10 BP 963 EP 968 DI 10.1089/thy.1998.8.963 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 135NM UT WOS:000076808900016 PM 9827667 ER PT J AU Delfs, JM Zhu, Y Druhan, JP Aston-Jones, GS AF Delfs, JM Zhu, Y Druhan, JP Aston-Jones, GS TI Origin of noradrenergic afferents to the shell subregion of the nucleus accumbens: Anterograde and retrograde tract-tracing studies in the rat SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE nucleus tractus solitarius; medulla; noradrenergic; ventral striatum ID DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; VENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREA; FREELY MOVING RATS; B SUBUNIT CTB; OPIATE WITHDRAWAL; LOCUS COERULEUS; CATECHOLAMINERGIC NEURONS; IONTOPHORETIC APPLICATION; HORSERADISH-PEROXIDASE AB The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) can be subdivided into 'core' and 'shell' based on anatomical connections and histochemical markers. Previous studies have demonstrated dopamine-beta-hydroxylase immunoreactive (DBH-ir) fibers in the NAcc shell, but the source of these noradrenergic (NE) afferents has not been determined. Therefore, we have investigated in detail the anatomy of NE afferents to this subregion. Dual immunohistochemistry for DBH and substance P demonstrated numerous DBH-ir fibers in the caudal NAcc shell. Neurons projecting to the NAcc were identified with Fluoro-Gold (FG) or cholera toxin B (CTb) retrograde tracing and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry. Single- and double-labeled neurons were observed in the A2 and Al NE cell groups following FG injections into the caudal NAcc shell. Numerous FG and CTb single-labeled neurons were found in the rostral locus coeruleus (LC), subcoeruleus and pericoerulear dendritic region, with an occasional double-labeled neuron in the LC. Few labeled neurons were seen in the brainstem after FG injections into the NAcc core, consistent with the lack of DBH-ir in this subterritory. To confirm these results, injections of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin or biotinylated dextran amine were made into the LC or nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Virtually no labeled fibers were observed in the NAcc following injections into central LC. However, fibers were observed in the NAcc shell after injections in the NTS, These results indicate that the primary source(s) of NE afferents to the NAcc shell is the A2 region of the NTS, with lesser contributions from Al and LC. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Lab Neuromodulat & Behav, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med,Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Aston-Jones, GS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Lab Neuromodulat & Behav, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med,Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA06214, DA05810, DA10088] NR 86 TC 156 Z9 157 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD SEP 28 PY 1998 VL 806 IS 2 BP 127 EP 140 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00672-6 PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 125ML UT WOS:000076241300001 PM 9739125 ER PT J AU Woods, SC Figlewicz, DP Madden, L Porte, D Sipols, AJ Seeley, RJ AF Woods, SC Figlewicz, DP Madden, L Porte, D Sipols, AJ Seeley, RJ TI NPY and food intake: Discrepancies in the model SO REGULATORY PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE neuropeptide Y; conditioned taste aversion; pica; geophagia; appetitive behavior; consummatory behavior; salt appetite ID NEUROPEPTIDE-Y DISTRIBUTION; RAT-BRAIN; INTRACEREBROVENTRICULAR INJECTION; ENERGY-METABOLISM; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; PEPTIDE-YY; HYPOTHALAMUS; INHIBITION; INSULIN AB The evidence that NPY is an endogenous neurotransmitter that modulates both sides of the energy equation is clear and compelling. While agreeing with this land indeed contributing to the growing literature supporting the concept), we have found that the interpretation of the increased food intake stimulated by intraventricular (ivt) NPY is more complex than first appears. We discuss evidence suggesting that NPY additionally land presumably at other receptor populations in the brain) causes sensations that produce aversion or illness. Specifically, the ivt administration of NPY at doses that stimulate eating also cause the formation of a conditioned taste aversion and the animal engages in a form of pica behavior (kaolin consumption). It also suppresses an otherwise robust increase of sodium consumption. We discuss evidence suggesting that whereas NPY activates feeding behavior by stimulating the complex sequence of behaviors beginning with the seeking and finding of food and ending with food ingestion, NPY does not stimulate increased eating in the absence of the anticipatory preliminary behaviors. Finally, we briefly review evidence suggesting that whatever sensation is aroused by ivt NPY, it is not necessarily the same sensation that is aroused when animals are food-deprived. Hence, one must be cautious in interpreting NPY as solely an orexigen. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurobiol & Behav, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychiat, Milwaukee, OH USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Washington, DC USA. Latvian Acad Med, Riga, Latvia. RP Woods, SC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 17844, DK 40943, DK 12829] NR 38 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-0115 J9 REGUL PEPTIDES JI Regul. Pept. PD SEP 25 PY 1998 VL 75-6 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1016/S0167-0115(98)00095-0 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Physiology GA 130DC UT WOS:000076503300050 PM 9802436 ER PT J AU Petersen, LA AF Petersen, LA TI Recent advances - General medicine SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; HIV-1 RNA; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; FOLLOW-UP; RISK; MORTALITY C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Petersen, LA (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-8138 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD SEP 19 PY 1998 VL 317 IS 7161 BP 792 EP 795 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 122RA UT WOS:000076084200034 PM 9740570 ER PT J AU Laser, M Kasi, VS Hamawaki, M Cooper, G Kerr, CM Kuppuswamy, D AF Laser, M Kasi, VS Hamawaki, M Cooper, G Kerr, CM Kuppuswamy, D TI Differential activation of p70 and p85 S6 kinase isoforms during cardiac hypertrophy in the adult mammal SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-KINASE; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; IN-VITRO; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; DEPENDENT ACTIVATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; CYCLIC-AMP; PHAS-I; RAPAMYCIN AB An adult feline right ventricular pressure overload (RVPO) model was used to examine the two S6 kinase (S6K) isoforms, p70(S6K) and p85(S6K), that are involved in translational and transcriptional activation. Biochemical and confocal microscopy analyses at the level of the cardiocyte revealed that p70(S6K) is present predominantly in the cytosol, substantially activated in 1-h RVPO (>12 fold), and phosphorylated in the pseudosubstrate domain at the Ser-411, Thr-421, and Ser-424 sites. p85(S6K), which was localized exclusively in the nucleus, showed activation subsequent to p70(S6K). With a sustained increase in phosphorylation for up to 48 h of RVPO at equivalent sites of p70(S6K), Thr-421 and Ser-424, but not at Ser-411. Neither isoform translocated between the cytosol and the nucleus. Further studies to determine potential upstream elements of S6K activation revealed: (i) similar time course of activation for protein kinase C isoforms (alpha, gamma, and epsilon) and c-Raf, (ii) absence of accompanying phosphatidylinositol S-kinase activation, (iii) activation of c-Src subsequent to p70(S6K), and (iv) similar changes in adult cardiocytes after treatment with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. Thus, these studies suggest that a protein kinase C-mediated pathway couples pressure overload to growth induction via differential activation of S6K isoforms in cardiac hypertrophy. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Physiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Dept Cell Biol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Kuppuswamy, D (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-487788] NR 57 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 18 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 38 BP 24610 EP 24619 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.38.24610 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 121HL UT WOS:000076007300048 PM 9733756 ER PT J AU Smith-Bindman, R Kerlikowske, K AF Smith-Bindman, R Kerlikowske, K TI Is there a downside to elderly women undergoing screening mammography? SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Editorial Material ID BREAST-CANCER; AGE C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Radiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Kerlikowske, K (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, Sect 111A1,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P50CA58207, 1U01CA63740] NR 15 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL CANCER INSTITUTE PI BETHESDA PA 9030 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD SEP 16 PY 1998 VL 90 IS 18 BP 1322 EP 1323 DI 10.1093/jnci/90.18.1322 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 120NT UT WOS:000075963000002 PM 9747859 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN Mann, SC Keck, PE AF Caroff, SN Mann, SC Keck, PE TI Specific treatment of the neuroleptic malignant syndrome SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID LETHAL CATATONIA; ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; ANIMAL-MODEL; ONE ENTITY; DANTROLENE C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Biol Psychiat Program, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 43 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 44 IS 6 BP 378 EP 381 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 121LM UT WOS:000076015300002 PM 9777166 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Bartzokis, G Pierre, JM Wirshing, WC Sun, A Tishler, TA Marder, SR AF Wirshing, DA Bartzokis, G Pierre, JM Wirshing, WC Sun, A Tishler, TA Marder, SR TI Tardive dyskinesia and serum iron indices SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; neuroleptics; tardive dyskinesia; serum ferritin; akathisia; iron ID INDUCED MOVEMENT-DISORDERS; VITAMIN-E TREATMENT; BRAIN IRON; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MR EVALUATION; RAT-BRAIN; SCHIZOPHRENIA; MEN; CHLORPROMAZINE; DEFICIENCY AB Background: This study was undertaken to evaluate whether peripheral (serum) markers of iron status are associated with severity of the choreoathetoid movements seen in tardive dyskinesia (TD). Methods: Serum iron indices (ferritin, iron, and total iron binding capacity) and fluphenazine levels were measured in a group of 30 male DSM-III diagnosed schizophrenic patients chronically treated with fluphenazine decanoate. The severity of choreoathetoid movements was assessed with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS), and akathisia was assessed with the Barnes scale. Results: A significant positive correlation was observed between AIMS scores and serum ferritin. This relationship remained significant after controlling for age and plasma fluphenazine levels. No significant correlations were observed between serum iron or total iron binding capacity and choreoathetoid movement ratings. There were no significant associations between serum iron indices and akathisia ratings. Conclusions: The data suggest that choreoathetoid movements are associated with serum ferritin levels in chronically medicated male schizophrenic patients. This relationship does not seem to be caused by an association of these variable with age or plasma fluphenazine levels, in addition, the relationship seems to be specific, since other iron indices and another extrapyramidal side effect (akathisia) do not demonstrate a similar relationship. In view of reports that antipsychotic medications change normal iron metabolism and increase iron uptake into the brain, the current results could be interpreted to suggest that serum ferritin levels may be a risk factor for TD in patients treated with "classic" antipsychotic medications. Published 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Mail Code B-151H, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0006-3223 EI 1873-2402 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD SEP 15 PY 1998 VL 44 IS 6 BP 493 EP 498 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00453-8 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 121LM UT WOS:000076015300018 PM 9777182 ER PT J AU Bush, K Kivlahan, DR McDonell, MB Fihn, SD Bradley, KA AF Bush, K Kivlahan, DR McDonell, MB Fihn, SD Bradley, KA CA Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project TI The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C) - An effective brief screening test for problem drinking SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT; GENERAL-PRACTICE PATIENTS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; PROBLEM DRINKERS; CAGE QUESTIONNAIRE; LIKELIHOOD RATIOS; ELDERLY VETERANS; SELF-REPORT AB Objective: To evaluate the 3 alcohol consumption questions from the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) as a brief screening test for heavy drinking and/or active alcohol abuse or dependence. Methods: Patients from 3 Veterans Affairs general medical clinics were mailed questionnaires. A random, weighted sample of Health History Questionnaire respondents, who had 5 or more drinks over the past year, were eligible for telephone interviews (N = 447). Heavy drinkers were oversampled 2:1; Patients were excluded if they could not be contacted by telephone, were too ill for interviews, or were female (n = 54). Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) were used to compare mailed alcohol screening questionnaires (AUDIT-C and full AUDIT) with 3 comparison standards based on telephone interviews: (1) past year heavy drinking (>14 drinks/week or greater than or equal to 5 drinks/occasion); (2) active alcohol abuse or dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition, criteria; and (3) either. Results: Of 393 eligible patients, 243 (62%) completed AUDIT-C and interviews. For detecting heavy drinking, AUDIT-C had a higher AUROC than the full AUDIT (0.891 vs 0.881; P = .03). Although the full AUDIT performed better than AUDIT-C for detecting active alcohol abuse or dependence (0.811 vs 0.786; P < .001), the 2 questionnaires performed similarly for detecting heavy drinking and/or active abuse or dependence (0.880 vs 0.881). Conclusions: Three questions about alcohol consumption (AUDIT-C) appear to be a practical, valid primary care screening test for heavy drinking and/or active alcohol abuse or dependence. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bush, K (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Ctr Excellence Subst Abuse Treatment & Educ, Mailstop 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 57 TC 1400 Z9 1404 U1 14 U2 71 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD SEP 14 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 16 BP 1789 EP 1795 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.16.1789 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 118GC UT WOS:000075829200007 PM 9738608 ER PT J AU Goalstone, ML Leitner, JW Wall, K Dolgonos, L Rother, KI Accili, D Draznin, B AF Goalstone, ML Leitner, JW Wall, K Dolgonos, L Rother, KI Accili, D Draznin, B TI Effect of insulin on farnesyltransferase - Specificity of insulin action and potentiation of nuclear effects of insulin-like growth factor-1, epidermal growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; 3T3-L1 ADIPOCYTES; RAS; RECEPTOR; MEMBRANE AB We have previously demonstrated that insulin activates, farnesyltransferase (FTase) and augments the amounts of farnesylated p21(ras) (Goalstone, NI, L., and Draznin, B. (1996) J. Biol, Chem. 271, 27585-27589). We postulated that this aspect of insulin action might explain the "priming effect" of insulin on the cellular response to other growth factors. In the present study, we show the specificity of the effect of insulin on FTase. Insulin, but not insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), epidermal growth factor (EGF), or platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), stimulated the phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of FTase and the amounts of farnesylated p21(ras). Even though all four growth factors utilized the Ras pathway to stimulate DNA synthesis, only insulin used this pathway to influence FTase, Insulin failed to stimulate FTase in cells expressing the chimeric insulin/ IGF-I receptor and in cells derived from the insulin receptor knock-out animals. Insulin potentiated the effects of IGF-1, EGF, and PDGF on DNA synthesis in cells expressing the wild type insulin receptor, but this potentiation was inhibited in the presence of the FTase inhibitor, alpha-hydroxyfarnesylphosphonic acid. We conclude that the effect of insulin on FTase is specific, requires the presence of an intact insulin receptor and selves as a conduit for the "priming" influence of insulin on the nuclear effects of other growth factors. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NICHD, Dev Endocrinol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Draznin, B (reprint author), VA Hosp 151, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 19 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD SEP 11 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 37 BP 23892 EP 23896 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.37.23892 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 119JT UT WOS:000075893100043 PM 9727002 ER PT J AU Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Yamate, T Sun, L Minkin, C Abe, E Zaidi, M AF Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Yamate, T Sun, L Minkin, C Abe, E Zaidi, M TI Mode of action of interleukin-6 on mature osteoclasts. Novel interactions with extracellular Ca2+ sensing in the regulation of osteoclastic bone resorption SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IL-6; Ca2+ sensing; Ca2+ receptor; osteoporosis; ryanodine receptor ID LEUKEMIA INHIBITORY FACTOR; CYTOSOLIC FREE CALCIUM; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; IL-6 RECEPTOR; MECHANISMS; MARROW; GP130 AB We describe a physiologically significant mechanism through which interleukin-6 (IL-6) and a rising ambient Ca2+ interact to regulate osteoclastic bone resorption. VOXEL-based confocal microscopy of nonpermeabilized osteoclasts incubated with anti-IL-6 receptor antibodies revealed intense, strictly peripheral plasma membrane fluorescence. IL-6 receptor expression in single osteoclasts was confirmed by in situ reverse transcriptase PCR histochemistry. IL-6 (5 ng/l to 10 mu g/l), but not IL-11 (10 and 100 mu g/l), reversed the inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption induced by high extracellular Ca2+ (15 mM). The IL-6 effect was abrogated by excess soluble IL-6 receptor (500 mu g/l). Additionally, IL-6 (5 pg/l to 10 mu g/l) inhibited cytosolic Ca2+ signals triggered by high Ca2+ or Ni2+. In separate experiments, osteoclasts incubated in 10 mM Ca2+ or on bone released more IL-6 than those in 1.25 mM Ca2+. Furthermore, IL-6 mRNA histostaining was more intense in osteoclasts in 10 or 20 mM Ca2+ than cells in 1.25 mM Ca2+. Similarly, IL-6 receptor mRNA histostaining was increased in osteoclasts incubated in 5 or 10 mM Ca2+. Thus, while high Ca2+ enhances IL-6 secretion, the released IL-6 attenuates Ca2+ sensing and reverses inhibition of resorption by Ca2+. Such an autocrine-paracrine loop may sustain osteoclastic activity in the face of an inhibitory Ca2+ level generated locally during resorption. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Div Endocrinol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Dent, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Woodlands & Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM zaidim@auhs.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG14917-02] NR 43 TC 56 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9525 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD SEP 7 PY 1998 VL 142 IS 5 BP 1347 EP 1356 DI 10.1083/jcb.142.5.1347 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 119ZP UT WOS:000075929400017 PM 9732294 ER PT J AU Mody, FV Singh, BN Mohiuddin, IH Coyle, KB Buxton, DB Hansen, HW Sumida, R Schelbert, HR AF Mody, FV Singh, BN Mohiuddin, IH Coyle, KB Buxton, DB Hansen, HW Sumida, R Schelbert, HR TI Trimetazidine-induced enhancement of myocardial glucose utilization in normal and ischemic myocardial tissue: An evaluation by positron emission tomography SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LUMPED CONSTANT; METABOLIC-RATE; EFFORT ANGINA; FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE; HEARTS; DEOXYGLUCOSE; PROPRANOLOL; NIFEDIPINE; RABBITS; INSULIN AB Trimetazidine has an anti-ischemic effect in angina pectoris. This agent has no hemodynamic effects, and its benefit is presumed to be based on a metabolic mechanism of action. A group of 33 dogs undergoing open-chest left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) ligation causing prolonged ischemia were imaged with quantitative positron emission tomography (PET) using 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ((18)FDG) to measure regional glucose metabolic utilization (rGMU) and [C-11]acetate to measure regional monoexponential washout rate constant (K-mono) for oxidative metabolism in nonrisk and ischemic-risk myocardium. A fetal of 20 dogs were pretreated with trimetazidine at low dose (n = 10, 1 mg/kg) and high dose (n = 10, 5 mg/kg) and compared with 13 control dogs. Microsphere-measured myocardial blood flow (mL/min/g) was measured preocclusion and repeated hourly after occlusion and expressed as a ratio of preocclusion myocardial blood flow to verify a stable level of ischemia during PET. No differences were seen in postocclusion ischemic risk/nonrisk myocardial blood flow between treatment groups (p = not significant [NS]). Preocclusion and hourly measurements of heart rate and blood pressure corrected for baseline revealed no difference in control dogs versus trimetazidine (low-dose and high-dose) groups (p = NS) (18)FDG-derived rGMU (mu mol/min/g) was increased in high-dose trimetazidine versus control dogs in nonrisk and ischemic risk groups, respectively (1.16 +/- 0.57 vs 0.51 +/- 0.38 and 0.43 +/- 0.29 vs 0.20 +/- 0.14; p <0.05). rGMU was increased proportionately in nonrisk and ischemic risk in all groups without significant differences when corrected for nonrisk rGMU (ischemic risk/nonrisk was 0.92 +/- 1.3 vs 0.64 +/- 0.66 vs 0.40 +/- 0.22 for control dogs, all trimetazidine and high-dose trimetazidine groups). K-mono (min(-1)) was not altered in any group (nonrisk = 0.13 +/- 0.03 vs 0.13 +/- 0.03 vs 0.14 +/- 0.02 and ischemic risk = 0.18 +/- 0.05 vs 0.17 +/- 0.06 vs 0.16 +/- 0.06 for control dogs, all trimetazidine and high-dose trimetazidine groups, respectively; p NS for nonrisk vs ischemic risk, between and within groups). Our data verify that trimetazidine does not alter hemodynamic parameters. It increases total glucose utilization (oxidative and glycolytic) in myocardium without preferential increase in ischemic tissue. Absence of change in total oxidative metabolism suggests increased glucose metabolism is predominantly glycolysis or an increase in glucose oxidation with similar decrease in fatty acid oxidation. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Cardiol W111E, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Div Nucl Med & Biophys, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Nucl Med, Lab Struct Biol & Mol Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mody, FV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Cardiol W111E, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL27845]; PHS HHS [331770] NR 35 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD SEP 3 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 5A SI SI BP 42K EP 49K DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00536-0 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 118BN UT WOS:000075818000007 PM 9737485 ER PT J AU Parsons, GN Kinsman, SB Ubel, PA AF Parsons, GN Kinsman, SB Ubel, PA TI Encourage qualitative research to improve students' clinical skills! SO ACADEMIC MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Parsons, GN (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1040-2446 J9 ACAD MED JI Acad. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 73 IS 9 BP 933 EP 934 DI 10.1097/00001888-199809000-00009 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 119VM UT WOS:000075918900010 PM 9759093 ER PT J AU Allen, J Anton, RF Babor, TF Carbonari, J Carroll, KM Connors, GJ Cooney, NL Del Boca, FK Di-Clemente, CC Donovan, D Kadden, RM Litt, M Longabaugh, R Mattson, M Miller, WR Randall, CL Rounsaville, BJ Rychtarik, RG Stout, RL Tonigan, JS Wirtz, PW Zweben, A AF Allen, J Anton, RF Babor, TF Carbonari, J Carroll, KM Connors, GJ Cooney, NL Del Boca, FK Di-Clemente, CC Donovan, D Kadden, RM Litt, M Longabaugh, R Mattson, M Miller, WR Randall, CL Rounsaville, BJ Rychtarik, RG Stout, RL Tonigan, JS Wirtz, PW Zweben, A CA Project MATCH Res Grp TI Matching alcoholism treatments to client heterogeneity: Project MATCH three-year drinking outcomes SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE long-term outcome; matching; alcoholism treatment; client attributes; Project MATCH ID SCALE; RELIABILITY; PREDICTORS; INSTRUMENT; DRINKERS; PATTERNS AB This study reports 3-year outcomes for clients who had been treated in the five outpatient sites of Project MATCH, a multisite clinical trial designed to test a priori client treatment matching hypotheses. The main purpose of this study was to characterize the status of the matching hypotheses at the 3-year follow-up. This entailed investigating which matching findings were sustained or even strengthened across the 3-year study period, and whether any hypotheses that were not supported earlier eventually emerged at 3 years, or conversely, whether matching findings discerned earlier dissipated at this later time. This research also examines the prognostic effects of the client matching attributes, characterizes the overall outcomes at 37 to 39 months, and explores differential effects of the three treatments at extended follow-up. With regard to the matching effects, client anger demonstrated the most consistent interaction in the trial, with significant matching effects evident at both the 1-year and 3-year follow-ups. As predicted, clients high in anger fared better in Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET) than in the other two MATCH treatments: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Twelve-Step Facilitation (TSF). Among subjects in the highest third of the anger variable, clients treated in MET had on average 76.4% abstinent days, whereas their counterparts in the other two treatments (CBT and TSF) had on average 66% abstinent days. Conversely, clients low in anger performed better after treatment in CBT and TSF than in MET. Significant matching effects for the support for drinking variable emerged in the 3-year outcome analysis, such that clients whose social networks were more supportive of drinking derived greater benefit from TSF treatment than from MET. Among subjects in the highest third of the support for drinking variable, TSF participants were abstinent 16.1% more days than MET participants. At the lower end of this variable, difference in percent days abstinent between MET and TSF was 3%, with MET clients having more abstinent days. A significant matching effect for psychiatric severity that appeared in the first year posttreatment was not observed after 3 years. Of the 21 client attributes used in testing the matching hypotheses, 11 had prognostic value at 3 years. Among these, readiness-to-change and self-efficacy emerged as the strongest predictors of long-term drinking outcome. With regard to the overall outcomes, the reductions in drinking that were observed in the first year after treatment were sustained over the 3-year follow-up period: almost 30% of the subjects were totally abstinent in months 37 to 39, whereas those who did report drinking nevertheless remained abstinent an average of two-thirds of the time. As in the 1-year follow-up, there were few differences among the three treatments, although TSF continued to show a possible slight advantage. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77004 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Res Inst Addict, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med & Dent, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Farmington, CT USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Res Inst Addict, Buffalo, NY 14203 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. RP Allen, J (reprint author), NIAAA, Willco Bldg,Suite 409,6000 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Carroll, Kathleen/A-7526-2009; Cooney, Ned/C-5176-2014 OI Cooney, Ned/0000-0001-6698-8312; Carroll, Kathleen/0000-0003-3263-3374; Litt, Mark/0000-0002-8319-6090 NR 48 TC 141 Z9 146 U1 5 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0145-6008 EI 1530-0277 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD SEP PY 1998 VL 22 IS 6 BP 1300 EP 1311 PG 12 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 120KV UT WOS:000075956300016 ER PT J AU Nellissery, MJ Padalecki, SS Brkanac, Z Singer, FR Roodman, GD Unni, KK Leach, RJ Hansen, MF AF Nellissery, MJ Padalecki, SS Brkanac, Z Singer, FR Roodman, GD Unni, KK Leach, RJ Hansen, MF TI Evidence for a novel osteosarcoma tumor-suppressor gene in the chromosome 18 region genetically linked with Paget disease of bone SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL EXPANSILE OSTEOLYSIS; BECKWITH-WIEDEMANN-SYNDROME; OSTEOGENIC-SARCOMA; P53 GENE; RETINOBLASTOMA; IDENTIFICATION; LINKAGE; DNA; NEUROFIBROMATOSIS; LOCALIZATION AB Paget disease of bone, or "osteitis deformans," is a bone disorder characterized by rapid bone remodeling resulting in abnormal bone formation. It is the second most common metabolic bone disease after osteoporosis, affecting 3%-5% of subjects aged >40 years. Recent evidence suggests that predisposition to Paget disease may have a genetic component. Genetic linkage analysis of families with multigenerational Paget disease shows linkage to a region of chromosome 18q near the polymorphic locus D18S42. Approximately 1% of Paget patients develop osteosarcoma, which represents an increase in risk that is several thousandfold over that of the general population. Osteosarcoma in Paget patients is the underlying basis for a significant fraction of osteosarcomas occurring after age 60 years. Our analysis of tumor-specific loss of constitutional heterozygosity (LOH) in 96 sporadic osteosarcomas has identified a putative tumor-suppressor locus that maps to chromosome 18q. We have localized this tumor-suppressor locus between D18S60 and D18S42, a region tightly linked to familial Paget disease. Analysis of osteosarcomas from patients with Paget disease revealed that these tumors also undergo LOH in this region. These findings suggest that the association between Paget disease and osteosarcoma is the result of a single gene or two tightly linked genes on chromosome 18. C1 Temple Univ, Sch Med, Fels Inst Canc Res & Mol Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. St Johns Hosp & Hlth Ctr, John Wayne Canc Inst, Santa Monica, CA USA. Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Rochester, MN USA. RP Hansen, MF (reprint author), Temple Univ, Sch Med, Fels Inst Canc Res & Mol Biol, 3307 N Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. EM mfh@sgi1.fels.temple.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 53318]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 44904, AR44919] NR 52 TC 67 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 63 IS 3 BP 817 EP 824 DI 10.1086/302019 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 119VN UT WOS:000075919000020 PM 9718349 ER PT J AU Poses, RM Berlin, JA Noveck, H Lawrence, VA Huber, EC O'Hara, DA Spence, RK Duff, A Strom, BL Carson, JL AF Poses, RM Berlin, JA Noveck, H Lawrence, VA Huber, EC O'Hara, DA Spence, RK Duff, A Strom, BL Carson, JL TI How you look determines what you find: Severity of illness and variation in blood transfusion for hip fracture SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Medical-Decision-Making CY OCT 13-16, 1996 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Soc Med Decis Making ID ACADEMIC MEDICAL-CENTERS; SMALL AREA ANALYSIS; MANAGED-CARE; CELL TRANSFUSIONS; DISEASE; PHYSICIANS; SURGERY; POPULATION; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY AB PURPOSE: Utilization report cards are commonly used to assess hospitals. However, in practice, they rarely account for differences in patient populations among hospitals. Our study questions were: (1) How does transfusion utilization for hip fracture patients vary among hospitals! (2) What patient characteristics are associated with transfusion and how do those characteristics vary among hospitals? (3) Is the apparent pattern of variation of utilization among hospitals altered by controlling for these patient characteristics! SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We included consecutive hip fracture patients aged 60 years or older who underwent surgical repair between 1982 and 1993 in 19 hospitals from four states, excluding those who refused blood transfusion, had multiple trauma, metastatic cancer, multiple myeloma, an above the knee amputation, or were paraplegic or quadriplegic. The outcome of interest was postoperative blood transfusion. "Trigger hemoglobin" was the lowest hemoglobin recorded before transfusion or recorded at any time during the week before or after surgery for patients who were not transfused. RESULTS: There was considerable variation in transfusion among hospitals postoperatively (range 31.2% to 54.0%, P = 0.001). Trigger hemoglobin also varied considerably among hospitals. In unadjusted analyses, four of nine teaching and two of nine nonteaching hospitals had postoperative transfusion rates significantly higher than the reference (teaching) hospital, while one nonteaching hospital had a lower rate. In an analysis controlling for trigger hemoglobin and multiple clinical variables, one of nine teaching and four of nine nonteaching hospitals had rates higher than the reference hospital, while four teaching hospitals and one nonteaching hospital had lower rates. CONCLUSIONS: The apparent pattern of variation of transfusion among hospitals varies according to how one adjusts for relevant patient characteristics. Utilization report cards that fail to adjust for these characteristics may be misleading. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Mem Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, Pawtucket, RI 02860 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Gen Internal Med, New Brunswick, NJ USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Med, New Brunswick, NJ USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, Div Gen Internal Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Div Gen Internal Med, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Anesthesia, New Brunswick, NJ USA. Staten Isl Univ Hosp, Staten Isl, NY USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Poses, RM (reprint author), Mem Hosp, Div Gen Internal Med, 111 Brewster St, Pawtucket, RI 02860 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HS07322] NR 52 TC 22 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 105 IS 3 BP 198 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00236-8 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 120XF UT WOS:000075982200005 PM 9753022 ER PT J AU Cutaia, MV Parks, N Centracchio, J Rounds, S Yip, KP Sun, AM AF Cutaia, MV Parks, N Centracchio, J Rounds, S Yip, KP Sun, AM TI Effect of hypoxic exposure on Na+/H+ antiport activity, isoform expression, and localization in endothelial cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chronic hypoxia; pulmonary arterial endothelial cells; intracellular pH; membrane ion transport ID INTRACELLULAR PH; PULMONARY-HYPERTENSION; ACTIN CYTOSKELETON; RAT; EXCHANGE; CHANNEL; PHOSPHORYLATION; NA+,K+-ATPASE; REOXYGENATION; MECHANISMS AB Little is known about the effects of prolonged hypoxic exposure on membrane ion transport activity. The Na+/H+ antiport is an ion transport site that regulates intracellular pH in mammalian cells. We determined the effect of prolonged hypoxic exposure on human pulmonary arterial endothelial cell antiport activity, gene expression, and localization. Monolayers were incubated under hypoxic or normoxic conditions for 72 h. Antiport activity was determined as the rate of recovery from intracellular acidosis. Antiport isoform identification and gene expression were determined with RT-PCR and Northern and Western blots. Antiport localization and F-actin cytoskeleton organization were defined with immunofluorescent staining. Prolonged hypoxic exposure decreased antiport activity, with no change in cell viability compared with normoxic control cells. One antiport isoform [Na+/H+ exchanger isoform (NHE) 1] that was localized to the basolateral cell surface was present in human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. Hypoxic exposure had no effect on NHE1 mRNA transcript expression, but NHE1 protein expression was upregulated. Immunofluorescent staining demonstrated a significant alteration of the F-actin cytoskeleton after hypoxic exposure but no change in NHE1 localization. These results demonstrate that the decrease in NHE1 activity after prolonged hypoxic exposure is not related to altered gene expression. The change in NHE1 activity may have important consequences for vascular function. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med,Pulm Dis Div, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Sect, Providence, RI 02908 USA. Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02908 USA. Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Med, Div Renal, Providence, RI 02903 USA. Brown Univ, Dept Physiol, Div Biol & Med, Providence, RI 02906 USA. RP Cutaia, MV (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, 3900 Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Yip, Kay-Pong/H-4639-2012 OI Yip, Kay-Pong/0000-0003-4364-6701 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R29-DK-47403] NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1040-0605 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-LUNG C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 275 IS 3 BP L442 EP L451 PG 10 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA 116VF UT WOS:000075745200003 PM 9728038 ER PT J AU Bernstein, SM Russ, PD AF Bernstein, SM Russ, PD TI Midgut volvulus: A rare cause of acute abdomen in an adult patient SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL MALROTATION; COMPLICATION; DIAGNOSIS C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Imaging Serv, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Russ, PD (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, Box C277,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 10 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 171 IS 3 BP 639 EP 641 PG 3 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 112LT UT WOS:000075496700023 PM 9725289 ER PT J AU Jones, AR Pichot, JT AF Jones, AR Pichot, JT TI Stimulant use in sports SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; DRUGS; COCAINE AB The authors provide an overview of the topic of stimulant use in psychiatric sports medicine. They address the following areas: I) the history of stimulant use in sports; 2) recent events related to the use of stimulants in sports, including a new stimulant used at the 1996 Olympic competition in Atlanta, GA; 3) ergogenic or ergolytic (i.e., performance-impairing) potential of several major categories of stimulants, including amphetamines, beta, agonists, caffeine, and cocaine; 4) review of how the brain reward circuit is affected by stimulants; 5) individual factors that induce athletes to utilize stimulants; and 6) sports organizational factors that induce athletes to use stimulants. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pichot, JT (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM pichot@connecti.com NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 243 EP 255 PG 13 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 136YJ UT WOS:000076886400001 PM 9809128 ER PT J AU Gariti, PW Alterman, AI Ehrman, RN Pettinati, HM AF Gariti, PW Alterman, AI Ehrman, RN Pettinati, HM TI Reliability and validity of the aggregate method of determining number of cigarettes smoked per day SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article AB The authors evaluated the reliability of two pretreatment assessments (screening and intake) of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD) by the commonly used aggregate method The validity of the aggregate method was also determined by comparison with results of the timeline followback? (TLFB) method for the identical periods. The study participants were 49 outpatients undergoing nicotine patch treatment. The reliability of the two aggregate method evaluations of CPD was quite high by Pearson product-moment correlation (r) and good when based on the intraclass correlation. Correspondence between the CPD assessments based on the aggregate and TI;FB methods for the two time-points ranged from fair (screening) to good (intake). Overall, the study findings indicate that the aggregate method provides reasonably consistent data. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Gariti, PW (reprint author), Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA 10070] NR 7 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 283 EP 287 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 136YJ UT WOS:000076886400005 PM 9809132 ER PT J AU Bishop, MJ Kim, ES AF Bishop, MJ Kim, ES TI Endotracheal intubation, but not laryngeal mask airway insertion, produces reversible bronchoconstriction SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A1238 BP U976 EP U976 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810901232 ER PT J AU Christopherson, R Murphy, JA Marshall, P Ostrowski, KJ Chien, GL DAvis, RF AF Christopherson, R Murphy, JA Marshall, P Ostrowski, KJ Chien, GL DAvis, RF TI Unplanned admission of ambulatory surgery patients is associated with spinal anesthesia, time of day, length of case, and neurological disease SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Anesthesiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Anesthesiol Serv, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 89 IS 3A SU S MA A6 BP U115 EP U115 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 117YR UT WOS:000075810900007 ER PT J AU Dobrin, PB Mrkvicka, R AF Dobrin, PB Mrkvicka, R TI Chronic loading and extension increases the acute breaking strength of polypropylene sutures SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ANASTOMOTIC FALSE ANEURYSMS; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; TENSILE-STRENGTH; FRACTURE AB Polypropylene sutures provide satisfactory strength for construction of vascular anastomoses, but occasionally they break. Experimental studies show that they break at reduced forces when they are subjected to chronic loads. Moreover, in patients, sutures are subject to acute loads superimposed on chronic loads. For example, an episode of hypertension applies acute load that is added to the baseline chronic load in a suture that has been used to close an arteriotomy. The purpose of the present study was to examine the breaking force of 6-0 polypropylene sutures subjected to acute loads after they had been loaded with chronic loads. One hundred sixty-five 6-0 polypropylene sutures were subjected to 50-175 g chronic loads in vitro. After 38 days they were subjected to additional increasing acute loads until they broke. Five hundred ninety other sutures were subjected to "injuries" of manipulation before chronic loading. A stray knot was simulated by placing a knot in the center of 90 sutures. Nurse's tugs used to straighten folded sutures in the operating room were simulated by applying brief loads of 75-275 g to 452 other sutures. Intraoperative injuries were simulated in 48 other sutures by pinching them with DeBakey forceps. Surprisingly, chronic loading of polypropylene sutures increased their acute breaking force. it is suggested that this may have resulted from increased orientation of crystals in the core of the filaments. By contrast, disturbing the outer surface of the filament by placing a stray knot, or pinching with forceps decreased acute breaking strength. These data suggest that if polypropylene sutures do not break soon after they have been placed in a patient, they may gain strength over time. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP VA Med Ctr, 500 Foothill Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84148 USA. NR 39 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0890-5096 EI 1615-5947 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 12 IS 5 BP 424 EP 429 DI 10.1007/s100169900179 PG 6 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 115CY UT WOS:000075647000004 PM 9732419 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Hector, RF Luther, MF AF Graybill, JR Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Hector, RF Luther, MF TI Efficacy of nikkomycin Z in the treatment of murine histoplasmosis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID CANDIDA-ALBICANS; HOST DEFENSE; CAPSULATUM; FUNGI AB Immune-competent ICR and BALB/c athymic (nude) mice were infected intravenously with Histoplasma capsulatum and treated with either fluconazole or nikkomycin Z or 5% dextrose (controls). In immune-competent ICR mice, fIuconazole and nikkomycin Z both prolonged survival when given at 5 mg/kg of body weight twice daily. When administered in doses as low as 2.5 mg/kg twice daily, nikkomycin Z reduced fungal counts in both the spleen and liver. When both drugs were combined, there was no antagonism, and in combined therapy spleen and liver counts were reduced more than for either drug alone. However, nikkomycin Z had no effect on brain fungal burden, In nude mice fluconazole and nikkomycin Z had an additive effect in prolongation of survival and reduction of liver and spleen burden. Nikkomycin Z is well tolerated, is at least as effective as fluconazole, and may interact beneficially,vith fluconazole for treatment of murine histoplasmosis. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis 111F, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Shaman Pharmaceut, S San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis 111F, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 15 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 42 IS 9 BP 2371 EP 2374 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 116RB UT WOS:000075737400039 PM 9736565 ER PT J AU Haroutunian, V Perl, DP Purohit, DP Marin, D Khan, K Lantz, M Davis, KL Mohs, RC AF Haroutunian, V Perl, DP Purohit, DP Marin, D Khan, K Lantz, M Davis, KL Mohs, RC TI Regional distribution of neuritic plaques in the nondemented elderly and subjects with very mild Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL-STATE; SENILE PLAQUES; DEMENTIA; TANGLES; SEVERITY; SCALE AB Background: Identification of the neuropathological lesions that are most closely associated with the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer disease (AD) is crucial to the understanding of the disease process and the development of treatment strategies to affect its progress. Do the classical neuropathological lesions of AD precede, follow, or occur in synchrony with the earliest signs of cognitive deterioration? Design and Outcome Measures: We examined the extent of neuritic plaque (NP) formation in 5 neocortical regions and the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and amygdala in 66 elderly subjects with no dementia, questionable dementia, or mild dementia as assessed using the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR). Setting and Patients: Postmortem study of nursing home residents. Results: Even questionable dementia (CDR, 0.5) was associated with a significant (P = .04) increase in neocortical NP density. The density of NPs increased further with increasing dementia severity in all brain regions examined. However, subjects with questionable dementia or definite but mild dementia did not differ significantly from each other. Density of NPs was nearly maximal in subjects with moderate dementia (CDR = 2.0), suggesting that other neuropathological changes may be responsible for cognitive deficits beyond this level. Dementia severity correlated significantly with the density of NPs in all brain regions examined (r range, 0.47-0.56; P<.001), even when subjects with a CDR of 0 were excluded. Conclusions: These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that NPs are among the earliest neuropathological lesions in AD. Even very mild or questionable dementia is associated with increased density of neocortical NPs that do not distinguish between clinically questionable vs definite dementia. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Pathol, New York, NY 10029 USA. Jewish Home & Hosp Aged, Manhattan, NY USA. RP Haroutunian, V (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P01-AG02219] NR 24 TC 200 Z9 202 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 55 IS 9 BP 1185 EP 1191 DI 10.1001/archneur.55.9.1185 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 117HD UT WOS:000075775100004 PM 9740112 ER PT J AU Ruan, CM Escobedo, E Harrison, S Goldstein, B AF Ruan, CM Escobedo, E Harrison, S Goldstein, B TI Magnetic resonance imaging of nonhealing pressure ulcers and myocutaneous flaps SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID BONE-SCINTIGRAPHY; OSTEOMYELITIS; SORES; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; FOOT AB Objective: To evaluate the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in making clinical decisions when assessing nonhealing pressure ulcers and nonhealing myocutaneous flaps for the presence of an abscess, osteomyelitis, sinus tracts, and fluid collections. Design: Retrospective review of patient charts and radiographic studies. Setting: Regional spinal cord injury center. Subjects: Twelve patients who had MRI as part of their evaluation for a nonhealing pressure ulcer or myocutaneous flap. Results: Seven patients had MRI for preoperative evaluation, four with a previous flap that had recurrent breakdown and three with a new grade III or IV ulcer. Five patients had MRI for postoperative evaluation of myocutaneous flaps with delayed healing. MRI was useful in identifying osteomyelitis in three patients and sinus tracts that required surgical revision in six patients. MRI was also used in two patients to assess the size of fluid collections postoperatively in determining whether the patients should be mobilized after surgery. These chronic nonhealing wounds resulted in multiple admissions and lengthy hospital stays and required multiple surgical revisions. Patients who did poorly with healing or had repeated breakdown tended to have concurrent issues such as poor self care, increased age, increased time of spinal cord injury, poor nutrition, or other medical problems. Conclusion: Chronic nonhealing pressure ulcers and myocutaneous flaps can be difficult to treat and evaluate with conventional methods. There are multiple reasons for failure to heal. MRI can be a useful tool for identifying some of these factors including osteomyelitis, fluid collections, abcesses, and sinus tracts in the perioperative period. Identifying the appropriate patient populations and clinical indications for the optimal use of MRI should be subject of further study. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Spinal Cord Injury Serv, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ruan, CM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Spinal Cord Injury Serv, Seattle, WA USA. NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 79 IS 9 BP 1080 EP 1088 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90175-7 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 118FX UT WOS:000075828700011 PM 9749688 ER PT J AU Brower, D Bhimji, S Schumacher, HR Hillstrom, H AF Brower, D Bhimji, S Schumacher, HR Hillstrom, H TI A pilot study of the immediate effects of conservative realignment therapies of varus knee osteoarthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Drexel Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Penn Coll Podiat Med, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1556 BP S292 EP S292 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601556 ER PT J AU Gikeson, GS Garrnier, G Circolo, A Wetsel, R Holers, VM Feagin, A Colten, HR AF Gikeson, GS Garrnier, G Circolo, A Wetsel, R Holers, VM Feagin, A Colten, HR TI Modulation of renal disease in lupus mice deficient in complement component C3. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA. Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Northwestern Univ, Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 859 BP S176 EP S176 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600860 ER PT J AU Hahre, W Matthews, C Schumacher, HR AF Hahre, W Matthews, C Schumacher, HR TI Presenting clinical syndromes in an early arthritis clinic are strong predictors of long term outcome. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1422 BP S269 EP S269 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601423 ER PT J AU James, JA Kendall, JS Davis, AL Harley, JB AF James, JA Kendall, JS Davis, AL Harley, JB TI Anti-Sm responses in pediatric systemic lupus erythematosus vary from those in adult patients. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1865 BP S343 EP S343 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601864 ER PT J AU MacLean, CH Leake, B Paulus, HE Brook, RH Shekelle, PG AF MacLean, CH Leake, B Paulus, HE Brook, RH Shekelle, PG TI Quality of care for comorbid disease and health care maintenance in rheumatoid arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1296 BP S248 EP S248 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601297 ER PT J AU MaClean, CH Leake, B Paulus, HE Brook, RH Shekelle, PG AF MaClean, CH Leake, B Paulus, HE Brook, RH Shekelle, PG TI Patterns of drug use in rheumatoid arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 266 BP S77 EP S77 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600267 ER PT J AU McClain, M Kaufman, KM Harley, JB James, JA AF McClain, M Kaufman, KM Harley, JB James, JA TI Fine specificity mapping of the anti-Sm D3 autoimmune response in systemic lupus erythematosus. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 1325 BP S253 EP S253 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215601326 ER PT J AU Oates, JC Reilly, CM Christensen, EF Gilkeson, GS AF Oates, JC Reilly, CM Christensen, EF Gilkeson, GS TI Nitric oxide is increased during lupus disease activity. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 229 BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600230 ER PT J AU Paul, CB Brower, D Lankinski, RE Keenan, G Wheril, S Schumacher, HR AF Paul, CB Brower, D Lankinski, RE Keenan, G Wheril, S Schumacher, HR TI Proton NMR spectroscopy studies of osteoarthritic (OA) synovial fluids (SF) show changes after intra articular hyaluronic acid (HA) therapy. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. CHOP, Philadelphia, PA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 682 BP S146 EP S146 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600683 ER PT J AU Perell, K Guerrero, E Fang, M Bragas, M Miyamoto, E Peralta, M AF Perell, K Guerrero, E Fang, M Bragas, M Miyamoto, E Peralta, M TI Comparison of gait kinetics across disease severity in knee osteoarthritis subjects. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 322 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600323 ER PT J AU Peters, JH Carsons, S Kalunian, K Ko, FC McDougall, S Hahn, TJ AF Peters, JH Carsons, S Kalunian, K Ko, FC McDougall, S Hahn, TJ TI Differential expression of the alternatively spliced EIIIA segment of fibronectin in synovial fluid in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Winthrop Univ Hosp, Mineola, NY 11501 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 340 BP S89 EP S89 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600341 ER PT J AU Zhang, HD Gao, GN Williams, WV Wang, GF Wilson, JM Schumacher, HR AF Zhang, HD Gao, GN Williams, WV Wang, GF Wilson, JM Schumacher, HR TI Effects of Fas ligand (FasL) gene transfer on the apoptosis of synovial fibroblasts from rheumatoid arthritis patients in vitro. SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. SmithKline Beecham, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 41 IS 9 SU S MA 660 BP S142 EP S142 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 125AQ UT WOS:000076215600661 ER PT J AU Levin, NW Yang, PM Hatch, DA Dubrow, AJ Caraiani, NS Ing, TS Gandhi, VC Alto, A Davila, SM Prosl, FR Polaschegg, HD Megerman, J AF Levin, NW Yang, PM Hatch, DA Dubrow, AJ Caraiani, NS Ing, TS Gandhi, VC Alto, A Davila, SM Prosl, FR Polaschegg, HD Megerman, J TI New access device for hemodialysis SO ASAIO JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 44th Annual Conference of the American-Society-for-Artificial-Internal-Organs CY APR 23-25, 1998 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Soc Artificial Internal Organs ID INTERNAL JUGULAR-VEIN; VASCULAR ACCESS; EXPERIENCE; CATHETERS AB A new subcutaneous device (Dialock(TM); Biolink Corp., Middleboro, MA) provides vascular access to patients who currently require hemodialysis (HD). The device consists of a port-like valve, implanted subcutaneously below the clavicle, which provides a linear flow passage to two catheters placed in the right atrium via the jugular vein. The valve is accessed percutaneously with needle-cannulas that functionally convert the device to twin catheters for connecting the patient to the HD lines. Interdialytic patency is maintained using a standard heparin lock. The device has been implanted in 10 outpatients under local anesthesia, with almost immediate use for HD (median, 3 days) and has functioned successfully for more than 6 months (mean +/- SD, 4.0 +/- 1.7; > 400 dialysis sessions). Blood flows over 300 ml/min were consistently achieved (average, 320 +/- 50) with venous and arterial pressures of 197 +/- 42 mmHg and -241 +/- 31 mmHg, respectively. After 40 patient-months, condition of the needle puncture sites remains satisfactory. Four systemic infections have occurred in three patients; all have resolved without the need for device removal. There have been no infections at the puncture sites. One patient whose heparin lock was not changed for 23 days (for reasons unrelated to the device) required fibrin sheath stripping of his catheters. Patient and nurse acceptance has been excellent. The device may offer substantial improvement over conventional devices for HD access. C1 Biolink Corp, Clin Affairs, Middleboro, MA 02346 USA. Renal Res Inst, New York, NY USA. Beth Israel Med Ctr, New York, NY 10003 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Megerman, J (reprint author), Biolink Corp, Clin Affairs, 47 E Grove St, Middleboro, MA 02346 USA. NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1058-2916 J9 ASAIO J JI Asaio J. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 44 IS 5 BP M529 EP M531 DI 10.1097/00002480-199809000-00042 PG 3 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Transplantation SC Engineering; Transplantation GA 128NJ UT WOS:000076412600042 PM 9804487 ER PT J AU Adcock, D Kressin, D Marlar, RA AF Adcock, D Kressin, D Marlar, RA TI The effect of time and temperature variables on routine coagulation tests SO BLOOD COAGULATION & FIBRINOLYSIS LA English DT Article DE coagulation testing; prothrombin time; activated partial thromboplastin time; stability; temperature; storage variables; NCCLS; ECAT; heparin ID MONITORING HEPARIN-THERAPY; PLASMA AB This study evaluates the effects of time and temperature variables on routine coagulation assays [Prothrombin Time test and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) test]. Four different groups were studied: healthy volunteers, hospitalized patients not receiving anticoagulants, patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy and patients receiving unfractionated heparin therapy. Samples were subjected to one of four conditions: (1) centrifuged immediately and stored at room temperature (20-22 degrees C); (2) centrifuged immediately and stored on ice (4 degrees C); (3) stored as whole blood without centrifugation, at room temperature and (4) stored without centrifugation, on ice. Coagulation tests were performed as soon as possible after phlebotomy and at specified times up to 24 h. Our data demonstrate that prothrombin time results are stable for up to 24 h, remaining constant regardless of storage conditions. APTT assays are stable for up to 8 h, except for patients receiving unfractionated heparin therapy. Heparinized samples, when stored uncentrifuged at room temperature, demonstrate a clinically significant shortening of the APTT and individual samples demonstrate a greater than 50% decrease in ex-vivo heparin levels at 4 h. Blood Coag Fibrinol 9:463-470 (C) 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Lab Serv 113, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Colorado Kaiser Permanente Med Grp, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO USA. RP Marlar, RA (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Lab Serv 113, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. EM rmarlar@calvin.uchsc.edu NR 19 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0957-5235 J9 BLOOD COAGUL FIBRIN JI Blood Coagul. Fibrinolysis PD SEP PY 1998 VL 9 IS 6 BP 463 EP 470 DI 10.1097/00001721-199809000-00002 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 133FN UT WOS:000076676300002 PM 9818995 ER PT J AU Do, T Parker, RG Do, C Tran, L Do, L Dolkar, D AF Do, T Parker, RG Do, C Tran, L Do, L Dolkar, D TI Salvage radiotherapy for biochemical and clinical failures following radical prostatectomy SO CANCER JOURNAL FROM SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Article DE radiation; prostate; prostatectomy; recurrence ID ADJUVANT RADIATION-THERAPY; LOCAL RECURRENCE; ANTIGEN LEVELS; CANCER; ADENOCARCINOMA; CARCINOMA; IRRADIATION; MARKER AB PURPOSE The proportion of prostate cancer patients undergoing radical prostatectomy has increased over the past 10 to 15 years. It is conceivable that a corresponding increase in local tumor recurrences after prostateaomies will be observed. The role of salvage radiotherapy is presently unclear. In this study, the results of salvage radiotherapy for patients with biochemical evidence of local recurrence, as evidenced from rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, after radical prostatectomy at UCLA Medical Center and the West Los Angeles Veterans Administration Medical Center are described. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between 1990 and 1997, 69 patients were diagnosed with presumed local tumor recurrence after radical prostatectomy. Of these patients, 60 patients were referred to radiotherapy for salvage treatments. Tumor recurrence was detected biochemically, with or without a palpable nodule on digital rectal examination, and a metastatic workup revealing no evidence of extrapelvic disease. Biochemical failure after salvage radiotherapy was defined as two consecutive rises in serum PSA lad after a PSA nadir or an absence of a PSA nadir after radiation treatments, as nas earlier defined at the ASTRO Consensus Panel on PSA Guidelines. Patients referred for adjuvant postoperative radiation treatment and patients with metastatic disease at presentation were excluded from the study. Patients were treated with a four-field approach (anteroposterior/posteroanterior and opposing laterals) to a median dose of 64.8 Gy in 1.8-Gy fractions. Follow-up evaluations included serum PSA level and digital rectal examination every 3 to 6 months. RESULTS At last follow-up (mean follow-up, 36 months after salvage radiotherapy), 40 of 60 patients (67%) were biochemically free of disease. Thirty of 60 patients (50%) had undetectable PSA levels, and 55 of 60 (92%) had achieved some initial decrease after salvage radiation treatments. Three-year and 5-year actuarial biochemical disease-free survival was 63% and 55%, respectively of the 20 patients with biochemical failure after salvage radiation therapy, 10 patients (50%) developed distant metastases, and two (10%) patients were found to have persistent local disease. The mean time to biochemical relapse after salvage radiotherapy was 10 months, and the mean time to distant metastasis after salvage radiotherapy was 20 months. Evaluation of the remaining eight biochemical failures (43%) revealed no evidence of local disease progression or distant metastasis to date. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that both PSA > 1.0 ng/ml, at the time of salvage radiotherapy and perineural invasion significant prognosticators for biochemical relapse after salvage radiotherapy. Likewise, both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that prognosticators for distant metastasis included seminal vesicle invasion and perineural invasion. DISCUSSION Salvage radiation therapy is a viable option for post prostatectomy local tumor recurrences. Of the patients who fail biochemically after salvage radiotherapy, 50% were eventually found to have distant metastases. In addition, biopsy-proven local recurrence after prostatectomy nas found not to confer an adverse outcome after salvage radiotherapy. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Therapy, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Therapy, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Sch Biol Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Do, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Therapy, 200 Med Plaza,Suite B 265, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 24 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1081-4442 J9 CANCER J SCI AM JI Cancer J. Sci. Am. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 4 IS 5 BP 324 EP 330 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 124RG UT WOS:000076195200009 PM 9815297 ER PT J AU Golier, J Yehuda, R AF Golier, J Yehuda, R TI Neuroendocrine activity and memory-related impairments in posttraumatic stress disorder SO DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DEXAMETHASONE SUPPRESSION TEST; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL ABUSE; HIPPOCAMPAL VOLUME; PLASMA-CORTISOL; GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTORS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; URINARY CORTISOL; TRAUMATIC STRESS; COMBAT VETERANS AB This article reviews memory-related impairments in trauma survivors with posttraumatic stress disorder and their possible association to neuroendocrine alterations seen in this disorder. The neuroendocrine profile in PTSD first described in chronically ill combat veterans is characterized by lower basal cortisol levels, higher glucocorticoid receptor number, enhanced sensitivity to exogenous steroids, and increased variation in basal cortisol levels over the diurnal cycle. The generalizability and time course of these neuroendocrine alterations are explored in longitudinal studies and studies in other traumatized populations. These studies suggest that at least some aspects of this neuroendocrine profile can also be seen in other populations, including women, children, and victims of childhood trauma. Additionally, the alterations may be present early in the course of illness, perhaps even in the immediate aftermath of trauma, and may continue to be manifest in elderly trauma survivors. The mechanisms by which these neuroendocrine alterations may influence the formation and processing of traumatic memories are discussed. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Golier, J (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 00MH,130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. EM golier.julia@bronx.va.gov NR 63 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 9 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0954-5794 J9 DEV PSYCHOPATHOL JI Dev. Psychopathol. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 10 IS 4 BP 857 EP 869 DI 10.1017/S0954579498001904 PG 13 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 152BL UT WOS:000077755500014 PM 9886230 ER PT J AU Larme, AC Pugh, JA AF Larme, AC Pugh, JA TI Attitudes of primary care providers toward diabetes - Barriers to guideline implementation SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 55th Annual Meeting and Scientific Sessions of the American-Diabetes-Association CY JUN 10-13, 1995 CL ATLANTA, GEORGIA SP Amer Diabet Assoc ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; PRACTICE BEHAVIORS; MANAGEMENT; PATIENT; NIDDM; ORGANIZATION; PHYSICIANS; MELLITUS AB OBJECTIVE - Primary care providers have been slow to adopt standards of care for diabetes, and continuing medical education (CME) programs have been minimally effective in changing provider behavior. The objective of this study was to explore the previously reported finding that attitudes, rather than knowledge, may impede primary care provider adherence to standards of care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Study participants included 31 primary care providers attending an eight-session CME program on diabetes. Providers rated on a 10-point scale how the treatment of diabetes compared with that of five other chronic conditions (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, angina, arthritis, and heart failure; 1 = easier to 10 = harder; midpoint 5.5). In a subsequent open-ended qualitative interview providers explained their scale ratings. RESULTS - Diabetes was rated as significantly harder to treat than hypertension (24 of 30 >5.5; P < 0.001) and angina (20 of 30 >5.5; P = 0.03). A majority also rated hyperlipidemia (18 of 30) and arthritis (18 of 30) as easier to treat than diabetes. Explanatory themes underlying provider frustrations with diabetes include characteristics of the disease itself and the complexity of its management, and a perceived lack of support from society and the health care system for their efforts to control diabetes. CONCLUSIONS - CME that addresses provider attitudes toward diabetes in addition to updating knowledge may be more effective than traditional CME in promoting adherence to standards of care. Additional changes are needed in our health care system to shift from an acute to a chronic disease model to effectively support diabetes care efforts. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthodont, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Larme, AC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthodont, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM larme@uthscsa.edu OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X FU AHRQ HHS [HS07397] NR 29 TC 161 Z9 164 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD SEP PY 1998 VL 21 IS 9 BP 1391 EP 1396 DI 10.2337/diacare.21.9.1391 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 113MZ UT WOS:000075556800003 PM 9727882 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Wu, SV Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Wu, SV Tache, Y TI Intracisternal antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to the thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor blocked vagal-dependent stimulation of gastric emptying induced by acute cold in rats SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; RAPHE PALLIDUS; SECRETORY RESPONSE; LESION FORMATION; TRH; ACID; NEURONS; COMPLEX; RESTRAINT AB Cold exposure increases TRK gene expression in hypothalamic and raphe nuclei and results in a vagal activation of gastric function. We investigated the role of medullary TRH receptors in cold (4-6 C, 90 min)-induced stimulation of gastric motor function in fasted conscious rats using intracisternal injections of TRH receptor (TRHr) antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (100 mu g twice, -48 and - 24 h). The gastric emptying of a methyl-cellulose solution was assessed by the phenol red method. TRH (0.1 mu g) or the somatostatin subtype 5-preferring analog, BIM-23052 (1 mu g), injected intracisternally increased basal gastric emptying by 34% and 47%, respectively. TRHr antisense, which had no effect on basal emptying, blocked TRH action but did not influence that of BIM-23052. Cold exposure increased gastric emptying by 64%, and the response was inhibited by vagotomy, atropine (0.1 mg/kg, ip), and TRHr antisense (intracisternally). Saline or mismatched oligodeoxynucleotides, injected intracisternally under similar conditions, did not alter the enhanced gastric emptying induced by cold or intracisternal injection of TRH or BIM-23052. These results indicate that TRH receptor activation in the brain stem mediates acute cold-induced vagal cholinergic stimulation of gastric transit, and that medullary TRH may play a role in the autonomic visceral responses to acute cold. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM ytache@uda.edu RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 NR 45 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 139 IS 9 BP 3730 EP 3735 DI 10.1210/en.139.9.3730 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 112NK UT WOS:000075500500008 PM 9724024 ER PT J AU Li, GD Segu, VBG Rabaglia, ME Luo, RH Kowluru, A Metz, SA AF Li, GD Segu, VBG Rabaglia, ME Luo, RH Kowluru, A Metz, SA TI Prolonged depletion of guanosine triphosphate induces death of insulin-secreting cells by apoptosis SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GTP-BINDING PROTEINS; LOVASTATIN-INDUCED APOPTOSIS; CEREBELLAR GRANULE NEURONS; HUMAN PANCREATIC-ISLETS; INTACT RAT ISLETS; BETA-CELLS; MYCOPHENOLATE-MOFETIL; DNA-SYNTHESIS; MACROMOLECULAR-SYNTHESIS; NUCLEOTIDE PRECURSORS AB Inhibitors of IMP dehydrogenase, such as mycophenolic acid (MPA) and mizoribine, which deplete cellular GTP, are used clinically as immunosuppressive drugs. The prolonged effect of such agents on insulin-secreting beta-cells (HIT-T15 and INS-1) was investigated. Both MPA and mizoribine inhibited mitogenesis, as reflected by [H-3]thymidine incorporation. Cell number, DNA and protein contents, and cell (metabolic) viability were decreased by about 30%, 60%, and 80% after treatment of HIT cells with clinically relevant concentrations (e.g. 1 mu g/ml) of MPA for 1, 2, and 4 days, respectively. Mizoribine (48 h) similarly induced the death of HIT cells. INS-1 cells also were damaged by prolonged MPA treatment. MPA-treated HIT cells displayed a strong and localized staining with a DNA-binding dye (propidium iodide), suggesting condensation and fragmentation of DNA, which were confirmed by detection of DNA laddering in multiples of about 180 bp. DNA fragmentation was observed after 24-h MPA treatment and was dose dependent (29%, 49%, and 70% of cells were affected after 48-h exposure to 1, 3, and 10 mu g/ml MPA, respectively). Examination of MPA-treated cells by electron microscopy revealed typical signs of apoptosis: condensed and marginated chromatin, apoptotic bodies, cytosolic vacuolization, and loss of microvilli, MPA-induced cell death was almost totally prevented by supplementation with guanosine, but not with adenosine or deoxyguanosine, indicating a specific effect of GTP depletion. An inhibitor of protein isoprenylation (lovastatin, 10-100 mu M for 2-3 days) induced cell death and DNA degradation similar to those induced by sustained GTP depletion, suggesting a mediatory role of posttranslationally modified GTP-binding proteins. Indeed, impeding the function of G proteins of the Rho family (via glucosylation using Clostridium difficile toxin B), although not itself inducing apoptosis, potentiated cell death induced by MPA or lovastatin. These findings indicate that prolonged depletion of GTP induces beta-cell death compatible with apoptosis; this probably involves a direct impairment of GTP-dependent RNA-primed DNA synthesis, but also appears to be modulated by small GTP-binding proteins. Treatment of intact adult rat islets (the beta-cells of which replicate slowly) induced a modest, but definite, death by apoptosis over 1- to 3-day periods. Thus, more prolonged use of the new generation of immunosuppressive agents exemplified by MPA might have deleterious effects on the survival of islet or pancreas grafts. C1 Natl Univ Singapore, Natl Univ Med Inst, Singapore 119260, Singapore. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Endocrinol Sect, Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Li, GD (reprint author), Natl Univ Singapore, Natl Univ Med Inst, MD 11 02-01,10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore. EM nmiligd@med2.nusstf.nus.sg FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-37312] NR 76 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 139 IS 9 BP 3752 EP 3762 DI 10.1210/en.139.9.3752 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 112NK UT WOS:000075500500011 PM 9724027 ER PT J AU Jacobson, AF Fogelman, I AF Jacobson, AF Fogelman, I TI Bone scanning in clinical oncology: does it have a future? SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID BREAST-CANCER; FOLLOW-UP; METASTASES; ABNORMALITIES; REAPPRAISAL; SCANS C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. United Med & Dent Sch Guys & St Thomas, Div Radiol Sci, London SE1 9RT, England. Guys Hosp, Div Radiol Sci, London SE1 9RT, England. RP Jacobson, AF (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiol, Nucl Med Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 19 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0340-6997 J9 EUR J NUCL MED JI Eur. J. Nucl. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 25 IS 9 BP 1219 EP 1223 DI 10.1007/s002590050287 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 121QW UT WOS:000076025700001 PM 9724368 ER PT J AU Jackson, RM Parish, G Helton, ES AF Jackson, RM Parish, G Helton, ES TI Peroxynitrite modulates MnSOD gene expression in lung epithelial cells SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE peroxynitrite; superoxide dismutase; epithelial cells; nitric oxide ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MANGANESE SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; NITRIC-OXIDE; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; NITRATION; INTERLEUKIN-1; SEQUENCES; INJURY AB Peroxynitrite (ONOO-) is a strong oxidant derived from nitric oxide ((NO)-N-.) and superoxide (O-2(.-)), reactive nitrogen (RNS) and oxygen species (ROS) present in inflamed tissue. Other oxidant stresses, e.g., TNF-alpha and hyperoxia, induce mitochondrial, manganese-containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene expression. These experiments tested whether ONOO- regulated MnSOD gene expression in human lung epithelial (A549) cells. 3-morpholinosydnonimine HCl (SIN-1) (10 or 1000 mu M) increased MnSOD mRNA, but did not change hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) mRNA. Authentic peroxynitrite (ONOO-) (100-500 mu M) also increased MnSOD mRNA but did not change constitutive HPRT mRNA expression. ONOO- stimulated luciferase gene expression driven by a 2.5 kb fragment of the rat MnSOD gene 5' promoter region. MnSOD gene induction due to ONOO- was inhibited effectively by L-cysteine (10 mM) and partially inhibited by N-acetyl cysteine (50 mM) or pyrrole dithiocarbamate (10 mM). (NO)-N-. from 1-propanamine, 3-(2-hydroxy-2-nitroso-1-propylhydrazine) (PAPA NONOate) (100 or 1000 mu M) did not change MnSOD or HPRT mRNA. Neither H2O2 nor NO2-, breakdown products of SIN-1 and ONOO-, had any effect on MnSOD mRNA expression; however, ONOO- and SIN-1 did not increase MnSOD protein content detectable by western blots, nor did they increase MnSOD enzymatic activity. Increased steady state [O-2(.-)] in the presence of (NO)-N-. yields ONOO-, and ONOO- has direct, stimulatory effects on MnSOD transcript expression. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Alabama, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Jackson, RM (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Room 215 Tinsley Harrison Tower, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM rjackson@uab.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 57801] NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 25 IS 4-5 BP 463 EP 472 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00101-4 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 113ET UT WOS:000075538000008 PM 9741582 ER PT J AU Schoen, RE Corle, D Cranston, L Weissfeld, JL Lance, P Burt, R Iber, F Shike, M Kikendall, JW Hasson, M Lewin, KJ Appelman, HD Paskett, E Selby, JV Lanza, E Schatzkin, A AF Schoen, RE Corle, D Cranston, L Weissfeld, JL Lance, P Burt, R Iber, F Shike, M Kikendall, JW Hasson, M Lewin, KJ Appelman, HD Paskett, E Selby, JV Lanza, E Schatzkin, A CA Polyp Prevent Trial TI Is colonoscopy needed for the nonadvanced adenoma found on sigmoidoscopy? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID OCCULT BLOOD-TESTS; RISK ASYMPTOMATIC PATIENTS; DIMINUTIVE COLONIC POLYPS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; SCREENING COLONOSCOPY; HYPERPLASTIC POLYPS; RECTOSIGMOID POLYPS; LARGE BOWEL; FIBEROPTIC SIGMOIDOSCOPY AB Background & Aims: The need for colonoscopy when small tubular adenomas with low-grade dysplasia are found on sigmoidoscopy is uncertain. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and characteristics of proximal adenomas in patients with distal adenomas, Methods: We studied 981 subjects with distal adenomas found on the index colonoscopy before randomization in the Polyp Prevention Trial. Results: Four hundred sixty patients (46.9%) had greater than or equal to 1 distal adenoma that was pathologically advanced (villous component, high-grade dysplasia, or greater than or equal to 1 cm); 21.5% (211 of 981) had any proximal adenoma; and 4.3% (42 of 981) (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0-5.5) had an advanced proximal adenoma. A greater percentage of patients with an advanced distal adenoma (5.9%) (95% CI, 3.7-8.0) had an advanced proximal adenoma compared with those with a nonadvanced distal adenoma (2.9%) (95% CI, 1.4-4.3) (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1-4.3; P = 0.03). Not performing a colonoscopy in patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma would have missed 36% (15 of 42) of the advanced proximal adenomas, Conclusions: Patients with an advanced distal adenoma are twice as likely to have an advanced proximal adenoma as patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma. However, eschewing a colonoscopy in patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma would result in not detecting a sizeable percentage of the prevalent advanced proximal adenomas. These data support performance of a colonoscopy in patients with a nonadvanced distal adenoma, Confirmation of these results in asymptomatic subjects undergoing screening sigmoidoscopy is advisable. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NCI, Biometry Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Div Canc Prevent, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Nutr Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. WESTAT Corp, Comp Syst & Applicat, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Div Gastroenterol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Univ Utah, Dept Internal Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Gastroenterol Sect, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Sect, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. Kaiser Fdn, Res Inst, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. RP Schoen, RE (reprint author), Pittsburgh Univ Hosp, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Mezzanine Level,C Wing,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Lance, Peter/I-2196-2014 OI Lance, Peter/0000-0003-2944-1881 NR 71 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 115 IS 3 BP 533 EP 541 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70132-5 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 113PQ UT WOS:000075560800007 PM 9721149 ER PT J AU Whitcomb, D AF Whitcomb, D TI Premature trypsin activation in hereditary pancreatitis - Reply SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID GENE; MUTATIONS; FAMILY C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Whitcomb, D (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, 930 Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 115 IS 3 BP 797 EP 799 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70174-X PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 113PQ UT WOS:000075560800039 ER PT J AU Strong, R AF Strong, R TI Neurochemical changes in the aging human brain: Implications for behavioral impairment and neurodegenerative disease SO GERIATRICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on the Aging Brain in Health and Disease CY APR, 1998 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA SP Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr (GRECC) ID AGE AB Neurotransmission is impaired in age-related disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, which has prompted many investigations into the neurochemistry of the aging human brain. Of all the neurotransmitter systems studied, age-related changes in parameters of the serotonergic, cholinergic, and dopaminergic systems are the most reliably measured. The association of these neurotransmitters, respectively, with mood, memory, and motor function has fueled interest in hole changes in neurochemistry may contribute to age-associated behavioral changes and possibly predispose older persons to diseases of Late life. The evidence suggests that impaired neurotransmission may be responsible for at feast some of the behavioral abnormalities associated with aging. Moreover, age-related neurodegenerative diseases may evolve from the interaction between defects in specific neurochemical mechanisms and as-yet undefined pathophysiologic processes. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Aging Res & Educ Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Strong, R (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU ADVANSTAR COMMUNICATIONS PI DULUTH PA 131 W FIRST ST, DULUTH, MN 55802 USA SN 0016-867X J9 GERIATRICS JI Geriatrics PD SEP PY 1998 VL 53 SU 1 BP S9 EP S12 PG 4 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 120ET UT WOS:000075942700003 PM 9745628 ER PT J AU Tanaka, S Akiba, Y Kaunitz, JD AF Tanaka, S Akiba, Y Kaunitz, JD TI Pentagastrin gastroprotection against acid is related to H-2 receptor activation but not acid secretion SO GUT LA English DT Article DE gastric injury; gastric defence mechanisms; omeprazole; pyrilamine; ranitidine; intracellular pH ID MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW; INDUCED GASTRIC DAMAGE; CELL INTRACELLULAR PH; RAT STOMACH; 16,16-DIMETHYL PROSTAGLANDIN-E2; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; GEL THICKNESS; NITRIC-OXIDE; IN-VIVO; HISTAMINE AB Background - Pentagastrin enhances gastric mucosal defence mechanisms against acid and protects the gastric mucosa from experimental injury. Aims - To investigate whether this gastroprotection is mediated by histamine receptors or occurs as a secondary effect of acid secretion stimulation. Methods - The effects of omeprazole (100 mu mol/kg), ranitidine (20 mg/kg), and pyrilamine (10 mg/kg) on pentagastrin (80 mu g/kg/h) induced gastroprotection against acidified aspirin injury were examined in a luminal pH controlled model. The effects of these compounds on pentagastrin enhanced gastroprotective mechanisms were investigated using intravital microscopy, in which intracellular pH of gastric surface cells (pH(i)), mucus gel thickness, gastric mucosal blood flow, and acid output were measured simultaneously. Results - Pentagastrin protected rat gastric mucosa from acidified aspirin injury. This gastroprotection was abolished by ranitidine, but not omeprazole or pyrilamine. Pentagastrin induced a hyperaemic response to luminal acid challenge, increased mucus gel thickness, and elevated pH(i) during acid challenge. Ranitidine reversed these enhanced defence mechanisms, whereas omeprazole and pyrilamine preserved these effects. Conclusions - These data indicate that pentagastrin associated gastroprotection and enhanced defence mechanisms against acid result mainly from activation of histamine H-2 receptors, and not as an effect of the stimulation of acid secretion. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Kaunitz, JD (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 114,Suite 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 49 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3 BP 334 EP 341 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 115AY UT WOS:000075642400012 PM 9863477 ER PT J AU Harraf, F Schmulson, M Saba, L Niazi, N Fass, R Munakata, J Diehl, D Mertz, H Naliboff, B Mayer, EA AF Harraf, F Schmulson, M Saba, L Niazi, N Fass, R Munakata, J Diehl, D Mertz, H Naliboff, B Mayer, EA TI Subtypes of constipation predominant irritable bowel syndrome based on rectal perception SO GUT LA English DT Article DE visceral sensation; colonic transit ID SEVERE IDIOPATHIC CONSTIPATION; SENSITIVITY; MOTILITY AB Background - Patients who complain of constipation can be divided into those who have lost the natural call to stool, but develop abdominal discomfort after several days without a bowel movement (no urge); and those who experience a constant sensation of incomplete evacuation (urge). Aims - To determine whether the two groups differ in symptoms, colonic transit, and perceptual responses to controlled rectal distension. Methods - Forty four patients with constipation were evaluated with a bowel symptom questionnaire, colonic transit (radiopaque markers), and rectal balloon distension. Stool (S) and discomfort (D) thresholds to slow ramp (40 ml/min) and rapid phasic distension (870 ml/min) were determined with an electronic distension device. Fifteen healthy controls were also studied. Results - All patients had Rome positive irritable bowel syndrome (IBS); 17 were no urge and 27 urge. Mean D threshold to phasic rectal distensions was 28 (3) mm Hg in no urge, 27 (3) mm Hg in urge (NS), but higher in the control group (46 (2) mm Hg; p < 0.01). Sixty seven per cent of no urge and 69% of urge were hypersensitive for D. Slow ramp distension thresholds were higher in no urge (S: 26 (3); D: 45 (4) mm Hg) compared with urge (S: 16 (2); D: 31 (3) mm Hg; p < 0.01), or with controls (S: 15 (1); D: 30 (3); p < 0.01). Conclusions - Hyposensitivity to slow rectal distension is found in patients with IBS who complain of constipation and have lost the call to stool even though their sensitivity to phasic distension is increased. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,Dept Med, Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Diehl, David/0000-0003-4128-3839 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 48351] NR 25 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 IS 3 BP 388 EP 394 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 115AY UT WOS:000075642400020 PM 9863485 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Leandro, G Realdi, G Sepulveda, AR Graham, DY AF Dore, MP Leandro, G Realdi, G Sepulveda, AR Graham, DY TI Understanding the effect of metronidazole resistance on outcome of H-pylori therapy SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 IRCCS S De Bellis, Bari, Italy. Univ Sassari, I-07100 Sassari, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A84 EP A84 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500299 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR AF Dore, MP Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR TI A novel penicillin-binding protein(PBP-D) is involved in amoxicillin resistance in Helicobacter pylori SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A7 EP A7 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500023 ER PT J AU Kwon, DH Graham, DY El-Zaatari, FAK AF Kwon, DH Graham, DY El-Zaatari, FAK TI Transcriptional repression of multiple genes involved in Helicobacter pylori metronidazole resistance SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A6 EP A6 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500016 ER PT J AU Malaty, HM AF Malaty, HM TI High incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children attending day care centers in the United States SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ctr Vet Med, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A45 EP A46 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500165 ER PT J AU Negraszus, N Yamaoka, Y Osato, M Gutierrez, O Kim, JG Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR AF Negraszus, N Yamaoka, Y Osato, M Gutierrez, O Kim, JG Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR TI Geographic distribution of genotypes of the H-pylori vacA gene from gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer isolates SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Otto Von Guericke Univ, Magdeburg, Germany. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Nacl Colombia, Bogota, Colombia. Korea Univ, Coll Med, Guru Hosp, Seoul 136701, South Korea. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 EI 1468-3288 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A22 EP A22 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500079 ER PT J AU Realdi, G Dore, MP Atzei, A Carta, M Piana, A Manca, A Cugia, L Idda, M Are, BM Massarelli, G Mura, I Maida, A Graham, DY AF Realdi, G Dore, MP Atzei, A Carta, M Piana, A Manca, A Cugia, L Idda, M Are, BM Massarelli, G Mura, I Maida, A Graham, DY TI Importance of antibiotic resistance for choosing the best therapy for H-pylori SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med, Sassari, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A83 EP A83 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500294 ER PT J AU Yamoka, Y Kodama, T Graham, DY Kita, M Imanishi, J Kashima, K AF Yamoka, Y Kodama, T Graham, DY Kita, M Imanishi, J Kashima, K TI No association between the presence of cagA, vacA genotype, age, or clinical outcome: Gastritis, ulcer, or cancer SO GUT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Kyoto, Japan. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD SEP PY 1998 VL 43 SU 2 BP A20 EP A20 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 126TJ UT WOS:000076309500072 ER PT J AU Burt, VK Altshuler, LL Rasgon, N AF Burt, VK Altshuler, LL Rasgon, N TI Depressive symptoms in the perimenopause: Prevalence, assessment, and guidelines for treatment SO HARVARD REVIEW OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; PSYCHOLOGIC DISTRESS; MENOPAUSAL WOMEN; DOUBLE-BLIND; HEALTH; EXPERIENCE; IMIPRAMINE; DISORDERS AB This review describes the biological changes occurring in perimenopause and analyzes epidemiological studies that shed light on the relationship between perimenopause and mood. The role of estrogen as a treatment for depressive symptoms is also examined. We found that a positive association may exist between depressive symptoms and the perimenopause, and that a prior history of depression may be associated with such symptoms. In most of the studies reviewed, the use of estrogen in replacement doses' appears to improve depressive symptoms in perimenopausal patients who do not have major depression. We suggest an approach to the treatment of middle-aged women presenting with such symptoms. No careful study of the incidence of DSM-IV major depression associated with perimenopause has been done, and the efficacy of estrogen as a primary or adjunctive treatment for the disorder during perimenopause is unclear. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Hosp, Los Angeles, CA USA. Ctr Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Burt, VK (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, 300 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 2337, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 55 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1067-3229 J9 HARVARD REV PSYCHIAT JI Harv. Rev. Psychiatr. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 6 IS 3 BP 121 EP 132 DI 10.3109/10673229809000320 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 116RW UT WOS:000075739200001 PM 10372280 ER PT J AU Williams, DM Grubbs, BG Darville, T Kelly, K Rank, RG AF Williams, DM Grubbs, BG Darville, T Kelly, K Rank, RG TI A role for interleukin-6 in host defense against murine Chlamydia trachomatis infection SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID GENITAL-TRACT INFECTION; CELL-DEFICIENT MICE; GENE KNOCKOUT MICE; GAMMA-INTERFERON; ROLE INVIVO; T-CELLS; PNEUMONIA; IMMUNITY; MOUSE; RESPONSES AB Interleukin-6-deficient (IL-6(-/-)) knockout mice Bead significantly increased Chlamydia trachomatis levels in lung tissue and increased mortality compared to B6129F(2)/J controls early after intranasal infection. Gamma interferon production and chlamydia-specific antibody levels were consistent with a decreased but reversible Th1-like response in IL-6(-/-) mice. IL-6 is needed for an optimal early host response to this infection. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Williams, DM (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI026328] NR 29 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 66 IS 9 BP 4564 EP 4567 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 113RF UT WOS:000075564500083 PM 9712822 ER PT J AU Agarwal, K Chudesokei, S Crawford, E Tran, C Goetz, MB AF Agarwal, K Chudesokei, S Crawford, E Tran, C Goetz, MB TI Prevalence of unsuspected vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) rectal colonization. SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 19 IS 9 MA S41 BP 702 EP 702 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 131AM UT WOS:000076553600145 ER PT J AU Przykucki, JM Sadkowski, L Thompson, C Rinaldi, MG Patterson, JE AF Przykucki, JM Sadkowski, L Thompson, C Rinaldi, MG Patterson, JE TI Comparison of floor buffers as a source of aerosolization of fungal spores in a bone marrow transplant unit (BMTU). SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 19 IS 9 MA M5 BP 710 EP 710 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 131AM UT WOS:000076553600188 ER PT J AU Hamner, MB Frueh, BC AF Hamner, MB Frueh, BC TI Response to venlafaxine in a previously antidepressant treatment-resistant combat veteran with post-traumatic stress disorder SO INTERNATIONAL CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE post-traumatic stress disorder; antidepressants; venlafaxine; catecholamines; serotonin ID DEPRESSION AB Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is frequently treated with antidepressant medications, especially the newer selective serotonergic antidepressants which have documented efficacy in PTSD. Analagous to depression, however, some PTSD patients may not have a satisfactory response to these agents. This case report describes a PTSD patient who did not respond to several serotonergic antidepressants, but did improve with venlafaxine which has both noradrenergic and serotonergic properties. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 13:233-234 (C) 1998 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Hamner, MB (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, 116A, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 9 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0268-1315 J9 INT CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Int. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 5 BP 233 EP 234 DI 10.1097/00004850-199809000-00008 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 131WU UT WOS:000076598900008 PM 9817630 ER PT J AU Durante, W Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Schafer, AI TI Carbon monoxide and vascular cell function (Review) SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE carbon monoxide; heme oxygenase; vascular tone; growth; platelets; cGMP; cardiovascular disease ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; HEME OXYGENASE-1 GENE; DUCTUS-ARTERIOSUS; GUANYLYL CYCLASE; PLATELET-AGGREGATION; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; RAT AORTA; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION AB Carbon monoxide (CO) is an endogenously generated gas that may play an important physiological role in the circulation. CO is generated by vascular cells as a byproduct of heme catabolism, in which heme oxygenase (HO) catalyzes the degradation of heme to biliverdin, iron and CO. Two distinct isoforms of HO have been identified in vascular tissue. The HO-2 isoform is constitutively expressed and likely mediates the release of CO under normal physiologic conditions. In contrast, the KO-1 isoform is strongly induced in vascular cells by various stress-associated agents and markedly increases CO synthesis during pathological conditions. The release of CO by vascular cells exerts both paracrine and autocrine effects on vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and circulating blood cells. CO regulates blood flow and blood fluidity by inhibiting vasomotor tone, SMC proliferation, and platelet aggregation, These vascular effects of CO are mediated via the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase and the consequent rise in intracellular guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate levels in target tissues. CO may also play a role in various cardiovascular disorders, including endotoxin shock, ischemia-reperfusion, hypertension, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. This review will focus on the recent progress made in understanding the regulation and function of CO in the vasculature. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Schafer, AI (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, 6550 Fannin,SM MS 1423, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL36045] NR 86 TC 88 Z9 91 U1 1 U2 4 PU PROFESSOR D A SPANDIDOS PI ATHENS PA 1, S MERKOURI ST, EDITORIAL OFFICE,, ATHENS 116 35, GREECE SN 1107-3756 J9 INT J MOL MED JI Int. J. Mol. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 2 IS 3 BP 255 EP 262 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118BW UT WOS:000075818700001 PM 9855696 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Chassin, MR Park, RE AF Shekelle, PG Chassin, MR Park, RE TI Assessing the predictive validity of the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method criteria for performing carotid endarterectomy SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE quality of care; appropriateness; carotid endarterectomy; validity ID CORONARY ANGIOGRAPHY; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; BYPASS-SURGERY; UNITED-STATES; CARE; QUALITY; MEDICINE; POPULATION AB We assessed the predictive validity of an expert panel's ratings of the appropriateness of carotid endarterectomy by comparing ratings to the results of subsequent randomized clinical trials. We found the trials confirmed the ratings for 44 indications (covering almost 30% of operations performed in 1981) and refuted the ratings for none. C1 Rand Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Policy, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 43 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0266-4623 J9 INT J TECHNOL ASSESS JI Int. J. Technol. Assess. Health Care PD FAL PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 707 EP 727 PG 21 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics GA 153PQ UT WOS:000077841800013 PM 9885461 ER PT J AU Maki, JH Prince, MR Chenevert, TC AF Maki, JH Prince, MR Chenevert, TC TI Optimizing three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography - Original investigation SO INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE magnetic resonance imaging; magnetic resonance artifact; contrast enhancement; angiography ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MR-ANGIOGRAPHY; BREATH-HOLD; TIME; OPTIMIZATION; AORTOGRAPHY; ARTERIES; AORTA; ORDER AB RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES. This primarily theoretical work examines three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D Gd-MRA) with the goal of understanding how to achieve the best possible images with respect to signal to noise ratio (SNR) and k-space induced artifacts. Patient variables, contrast injection schemes, and pulse sequence parameters are considered for this purpose. METHODS. A theoretical analysis, including computer simulation, describes how; contrast material injection profiles influence 3D Gd-MRA images, both in terms of intravascular signal and resultant artifacts. Further theoretical analysis of the spoiled gradient refocused pulse sequence describes how to maximize SNR, Clinical imaging complements computer modeling. RESULTS. Equations were derived relating contrast injection parameters and pulse sequence variables to SNR and artifacts. For present imaging equipment, administering contrast material over a duration of 60% to 80% of the total imaging time and using fractional echo techniques gives the best SNR without significantly sacrificing image quality. CONCLUSIONS. Three-dimensional Gd-MRA can be tailored to a specific clinical situation and imaging system through the use of proper breath-holding, bolus timing, Gd administration, and pulse sequence design. C1 Univ Michigan, Dept Radiol, Div MRI, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Maki, JH (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Radiol 114, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Prince, Martin/S-6850-2016 NR 16 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0020-9996 J9 INVEST RADIOL JI Invest. Radiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 33 IS 9 BP 528 EP 537 DI 10.1097/00004424-199809000-00008 PG 10 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 118MT UT WOS:000075842800008 PM 9766037 ER PT J AU Haver, V Black, D Garbin, J AF Haver, V Black, D Garbin, J TI Evaluation of DRI drug-of-abuse reagents on the Hitachi 911 SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Haver, V (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Pathol & Lab Med Serv 113, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRESTON PUBLICATIONS INC PI NILES PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA SN 0146-4760 J9 J ANAL TOXICOL JI J. Anal. Toxicol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 22 IS 5 BP 403 EP 404 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology SC Chemistry; Toxicology GA 115WR UT WOS:000075689800012 PM 9737338 ER PT J AU Kellogg, DL Crandall, CG Liu, Y Charkoudian, N Johnson, JM AF Kellogg, DL Crandall, CG Liu, Y Charkoudian, N Johnson, JM TI Nitric oxide and cutaneous active vasodilation during heat stress in humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE skin blood flow; microdialysis; laser-Doppler flowmetry ID SKIN BLOOD-FLOW; EXERCISE AB Whether nitric oxide (NO) is involved in cutaneous active vasodilation during hyperthermia in humans is unclear. We tested for a role of NO in this process during heat stress (water-perfused suits) in seven healthy subjects. Two forearm sites were instrumented with intradermal microdialysis probes. One site was perfused with the NO synthase inhibitor N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) dissolved in Ringer solution to abolish NO production. The other site was perfused with Ringer solution only. At those sites, skin blood flow (laser-Doppler flowmetry) and sweat rate were simultaneously and continuously monitored. Cutaneous vascular conductance, calculated from laser-Doppler flowmetry and mean arterial pressure, was normalized to maximal levels as achieved by perfusion with the NO donor nitroprusside through the microdialysis probes. Under normothermic conditions, L-NAME did not significantly reduce cutaneous vascular conductance. During hyperthermia, with skin temperature held at 38-38.5 degrees C, internal temperature rose from 36.66 +/- 0.10 to 37.34 +/- 0.06 degrees C (P < 0.01). Cutaneous vascular conductance at untreated sites increased from 12 +/- 2 to 44 +/- 5% of maximum, but only rose from 13 +/- 2 to 30 +/- 5% of maximum at L-NAME-treated sites (P < 0.05 between sites) during heat stress. L-NAME had no effect on sweat rate (P > 0.05). Thus cutaneous active vasodilation requires functional NO synthase to achieve full expression. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Presbyterian Hosp, Inst Exercise & Environm Med, Dallas, TX 75231 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Kellogg, DL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM kelloggd@uthscsa.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-36080] NR 26 TC 182 Z9 186 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 85 IS 3 BP 824 EP 829 PG 6 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 117KY UT WOS:000075781500007 PM 9729553 ER PT J AU Laghi, F Topeli, A Tobin, MJ AF Laghi, F Topeli, A Tobin, MJ TI Does resistive loading decrease diaphragmatic contractility before task failure? SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transdiaphragmatic twitch pressure; twitch potentiation; carbon dioxide rebreathing ID PHRENIC-NERVE STIMULATION; VOLUNTARY CONTRACTIONS; HUMAN MOTONEURONS; FATIGUE; MUSCLES; TWITCH; BREATHLESSNESS; POTENTIATION; PRESSURE; PATTERN AB While sustaining a load that leads to task failure, it is unclear whether diaphragmatic fatigue develops progressively or occurs only at task failure. We hypothesized that incremental loading produces a progressive decrease in diaphragmatic contractility ever before task failure. Ten subjects generated 60% of maximal transdiaphragmatic pressure (Pdi(max)) for 2 min, 4 min, and until task failure. Before loading, 20 min after each period of loading, and similar to 20 h after the last period of loading, Pdi(max), nonpotentiated and potentiated Pdi twitch pressure (Pdi(tw)), and the pattern of respiratory muscle recruitment during a CO2 challenge were recorded. Sensation of inspiratory effort at the 4th min of the task-failure protocol was greater than at the same time in the preceding C-min protocol. Surprisingly, potentiated Pdi(tw) and Pdi(max) were reduced after 2 min of loading and decreased further after 4 min of loading and after task failure; nonpotentiated Pdi(tw) was reduced after 4 min of loading and after task failure. The gastric pressure contribution to tidal breathing during a CO2 challenge decreased progressively in relation to duration of the preceding loading period, whereas expiratory muscle recruitment progressively increased. A rest period of similar to 20 h after task failure was not sufficient to normalize these alterations in respiratory muscle recruitment or fatigue-induced changes in diaphragmatic contractility. In conclusion, while sustaining a mechanical load, the diaphragm progressively fatigued, ever before task failure, and when challenged the rib cage-to-diaphragmatic contribution to tidal breathing and recruitment of the expiratory muscles increased pari passu with duration of the preceding loading. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ Chicago, Stritch Sch Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Laghi, F (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Roosevelt Rd & 5th Ave, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 36 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 85 IS 3 BP 1103 EP 1112 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 117KY UT WOS:000075781500043 PM 9729589 ER PT J AU Syrjala, KL Roth-Roemer, SL Abrams, JR Scanlan, JM Chapko, MK Visser, S Sanders, JE AF Syrjala, KL Roth-Roemer, SL Abrams, JR Scanlan, JM Chapko, MK Visser, S Sanders, JE TI Prevalence and predictors of sexual dysfunction in long-term survivors of marrow transplantation SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; GYNECOLOGIC CANCER; WOMEN; ADJUSTMENT; LEUKEMIA AB Purpose: To describe the prevalence of sexual difficulties in men and women after marrow transplantation (MT), and to define medical, demographic, sexual, and psychologic predictors of sexual dysfunction 3 years after MT. Patients and Methods: Four hundred seven adult MT patients were assessed pretransplantation. Survivors repeated measures of psychologic and sexual functioning at 1 and 3 years posttransplantation. Results: Data were analyzed from 102 event-free 3-year survivors who defined themselves as sexually active. Men and women did not differ in sexual satisfaction pretransplantation. At 1 and 3 years posttransplantation, women reported significantly more sexual dysfunction than men. Eighty percent of women and 29% of men reported at least one sexual problem by 3 years after MT. No pretransplantation variables were significant predictors of 3-year sexual satisfaction for women, For men, pretransplantation variables of older age, poorer psychologic function, not being married, and lower sexual satisfaction predicted sexual dissatisfaction at 3 years (R-2 = .28; P < .001). Women who were more dissatisfied 3 years after MT did not receive hormone replacement therapy (HRT) at 1-year posttransplantation and were less satisfied at 1 year, but not pretransplantation (R-2 = .35; P < .001). Conclusion: Sexual problems are significant in the lives of MT survivors, particularly for women. Although HRT before 1 year posttransplantation improves sexual function, it does not ensure sexual quality of life. Intervention for women is needed to apply hormonal, mechanical, and behavioral methods to prevent sexual difficulties as early after transplantation as possible. J Clin Oncol 16:3148-3157. (C) 1998 by American Society of Clinical Oncology, C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Syrjala, KL (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, FM815,1100 Fairview Ave N,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. FU PHS HHS [18029, 63030, 68139] NR 34 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9 BP 3148 EP 3157 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 116PY UT WOS:000075734800033 PM 9738587 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Major, P Hortabagyi, G AF Berenson, JR Major, P Hortabagyi, G TI Relevant clinical end points in biphosphonate trials SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID BREAST-CANCER; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; BONE METASTASES; EVENTS; PAMIDRONATE; CLODRONATE; EFFICACY C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9 BP 3204 EP 3205 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 116PY UT WOS:000075734800042 PM 9738595 ER PT J AU Phipps, KR Orwoll, ES Bevan, L AF Phipps, KR Orwoll, ES Bevan, L TI The association between water-borne fluoride and bone mineral density in older adults SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE fluorides; fluoridation; bone density; osteoporosis; environmental health ID HIP FRACTURE INCIDENCE; DRINKING-WATER; WOMEN; MASS; OSTEOPOROSIS; COMMUNITIES; MEN; POPULATION AB While the benefit of fluoridation in the prevention of dental caries has been overwhelmingly substantiated, the effect of fluoride on bone mineral density is less clear. This cross-sectional study was designed to compare the bone mineral densities of older adults exposed to various levels of fluoride from community water systems. Participants were recruited from 3 rural communities with naturally occurring fluoride in their water systems at 0.03, 0.7, and 2.5 mg/L. All adults, age 60 and over, were eligible if they were ambulatory and had a long-term history (greater than or equal to 20 yrs) of ingesting city water. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by means of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at 3 anatomical sites: lumbar spine, proximal femur, and forearm. A total of 353 white non-Hispanic women and 317 white non-Hispanic men took part in the study. When the data were stratified by city of residence and gender, men and women living in the community with high levels of fluoride in their community water system had significantly higher lumbar spine BMD than their counterparts from the communities with low and moderate fluoride levels. The women in the high-fluoride community had significantly higher proximal femur BMD, but there were no statistically significant differences among men in either proximal femur or forearm BMD. Long-term exposure (greater than or equal to 20 yrs) to higher levels of fluoride appears to have a positive impact on lumbar spine and proximal femur BMD. Based on the results of this study, exposure to fluoride at levels considered "optimal" for the prevention of dental caries (from 0.7 to 1.2 mg/L) appears to have no significant impact on bone mineral density. The relationship between higher let els of fluoride exposure and bone mineral density requires further investigation. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Dent, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Pacific Area Hlth Educ Ctr, Newport, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Bone & Mineral Res Unit, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Phipps, KR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Dent, 611 SW Campus Dr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01-DE09883] NR 37 TC 13 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCH PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 77 IS 9 BP 1739 EP 1748 PG 10 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 123EH UT WOS:000076112500010 PM 9759671 ER PT J AU Bradley, KA Badrinath, S Bush, K Boyd-Wickizer, J Anawalt, B AF Bradley, KA Badrinath, S Bush, K Boyd-Wickizer, J Anawalt, B TI Medical risks for women who drink alcohol SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE alcohol consumption; alcoholism; women ID FIRST-PASS-METABOLISM; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; UNITED-STATES ADULTS; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; 1981 NATIONAL SURVEY; EMERGENCY ROOM DATA; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY AB OBJECTIVE:To summarize for clinicians recent epidemiologic evidence regarding medical risks of alcohol use for women. METHODS: MEDLINE and PsychINFO, 1990 through 1996, were searched using key words "women" or "woman," and "alcohol." MEDLINE was also searched for other specific topics and authors from 1980 through 1996. Data were extracted and reviewed regarding levels of alcohol consumption associated with mortality, cardiovascular disease, alcohol-related liver disease, injury, osteoporosis, neurologic symptoms, psychiatric comorbidity, fetal alcohol syndrome, spontaneous abortion, infertility, menstrual symptoms, breast cancer, and gynecologic malignancies. Gender-specific data from cohort studies of general population or large clinical samples are primarily reviewed. MAIN RESULTS:Women develop many alcohol-related medical problems at lower levels of consumption than men, probably reflecting women's lower total body water, gender differences in alcohol metabolism, and effects of alcohol on postmenopausal estrogen levels. Mortality and breast cancer are increased in women who report drinking more than two drinks daily. Higher levels of alcohol consumption by women are associated with increased menstrual symptoms, hypertension, and stroke. Women who drink heavily also appear to have increased infertility and spontaneous abortion. Adverse fetal effects occur after variable amounts of alcohol consumption, making any alcohol use during pregnancy potentially harmful. CONCLUSIONS: In general, advising nonpregnant women who drink alcohol to have fewer than two drinks daily is strongly supported by the epidemiologic Literature, although specific recommendations for a particular woman should depend on her medical history and risk factors. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlht Care Syst, Seattle Div, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Bradley, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlht Care Syst, Seattle Div, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Mailstop 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 239 TC 82 Z9 83 U1 8 U2 16 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 9 BP 627 EP 639 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.cr187.x PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 118RY UT WOS:000075854800009 PM 9754520 ER PT J AU Offner, H Adlard, K Bebo, BF Schuster, J Burrows, GG Buenafe, AC Vandenbark, AA AF Offner, H Adlard, K Bebo, BF Schuster, J Burrows, GG Buenafe, AC Vandenbark, AA TI Vaccination with BV8S2 protein amplifies TCR-specific regulation and protection against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in TCR BV8S2 transgenic mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; CELL RECEPTOR PEPTIDES; T-CELL; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; INCREASED SEVERITY; INTERFERON-GAMMA; LEWIS RATS; DISEASE; THERAPY AB TCR determinants overexpressed by autopathogenic Th1 cells can naturally induce a second set of TCR-specific regulatory T cells. We addressed the question of whether immune regulation could be induced naturally in a genetically restricted model in which a major portion of TCR-specific regulatory T cells expressed the same target TCR BV8S2 chain as the pathogenic T cells specific for myelin basic protein (MBP), We found vigorous T cell responses to BV8S2 determinants in naive mice that could be further potentiated by vaccination with heterologous BV8S2 proteins, resulting in the selective inhibition of MBP-specific Th1 cells and protection against experimental encephalomyelitis. Moreover, coculture with BV8S2-specific T cells or their supernatants reduced proliferation, IFN-gamma secretion, and encephalitogenic activity of MBP-specific T cells, These results suggest that immune regulation occurs through a nondeletional cytokine-driven suppressive mechanism. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Offner, H (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 3710 SW Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS23221, NS23444] NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 161 IS 5 BP 2178 EP 2186 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 112UB UT WOS:000075511600014 PM 9725209 ER PT J AU Abadi, J Friedman, J Mageed, RA Jefferis, R Rodriguez-Barradas, MC Pirofski, LA AF Abadi, J Friedman, J Mageed, RA Jefferis, R Rodriguez-Barradas, MC Pirofski, LA TI Human antibodies elicited by a pneumococcal vaccine express idiotypic determinants indicative of V(H)3 gene segment usage SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 97th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Microbiology CY MAY 02-08, 1997 CL MIAMI, FLORIDA SP Amer Soc Microbiol ID INFLUENZAE TYPE-B; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; STAPHYLOCOCCAL PROTEIN-A; CROSS-REACTIVE IDIOTYPE; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; HIV-INFECTION; IGG ANTIBODY; IN-VIVO AB Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected persons manifest decreased antibody responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines, Since human antibody responses to polysaccharides are often restricted, the molecular structure of antibodies elicited by a 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine was analyzed. Anti-idiotypic reagents were used to detect V(H)1, V(H)3, and V(H)4 gene usage by antibodies to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected subjects by ELISA, HIV-uninfected persons generated beta-mercaptoethanol-sensitive and -resistant antibodies to pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides expressing V(H)3 determinants recognized by the D12, 16.84, and B6 monoclonal antibodies; antibodies expressing V(H)1 determinants were not detected, and V(H)4 determinants were expressed by beta-mercaptoethanol-sensitive antibodies only; and HIV-infected subjects had significantly lower capsular polysaccharide-specific and V(H)3-positive antibody responses. These findings confirm decreased antibody responses to pneumococcal vaccination in HIV-infected persons and suggest that their poor responses may result from HIV-associated depletion of restricted B cell subsets. C1 Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Univ Birmingham, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. Kennedy Inst Rheumatol, London, England. Houston Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Pirofski, LA (reprint author), Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 1300 Morris Pk Ave,Room 402 Forchheimer Bldg, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-09173]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-35370]; Wellcome Trust NR 51 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 178 IS 3 BP 707 EP 716 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 112UL UT WOS:000075512700014 PM 9728539 ER PT J AU Argyropoulos, G Jenkins, A Klein, RL Lyons, T Wagenhorst, B St Armand, J Marcovina, SM Albers, JJ Pritchard, PH Garvey, WT AF Argyropoulos, G Jenkins, A Klein, RL Lyons, T Wagenhorst, B St Armand, J Marcovina, SM Albers, JJ Pritchard, PH Garvey, WT TI Transmission of two novel mutations in a pedigree with familial lecithin : cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency: structure-function relationships and studies in a compound heterozygous proband SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE high density lipoprotein; LCAT activity; polymerase chain reaction; lipoprotein [a]; substrate recognition binding site; familial LCAT deficiency; fish-eye disease ID FISH-EYE DISEASE; HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEINS; AMINO-ACID EXCHANGE; LCAT DEFICIENCY; ALPHA-LCAT; MOLECULAR DEFECT; HUMAN-PLASMA; GENE; ESTERIFICATION; ABNORMALITIES AB Two novel mutations were identified in a compound heterozygous male with lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) deficiency. Exon sequence determination of the LCAT gene of the proband revealed two novel heterozygous mutations in exons one (C110T) and six (C991T) that predict non-conservative amino add substitutions (Thr13Met and Pro307Ser, respectively). To assess the distinct functional impact of the separate mutant alleles, studies were conducted in the proband's 3-generation pedigree, The compound heterozygous proband had negligible HDL and severely reduced apolipoprotein A-I, LCAT mass, LCAT activity, and cholesterol esterification rate (CER), The proband's mother and tao sisters were heterozygous for the Pro307Ser mutation and had low HDL, markedly reduced LCAT activity and CER, and the propensity for significant reductions in LCAT protein mass, The proband's father and two daughters were heterozygous for the Thr13Met mutation and also displayed low HDL, reduced LCAT activity and CER, and more modest decrements in LCAT mass. Mean LCAT specific activity was severely impaired in the compound heterozygous proband and was reduced by 50% in individuals heterozygous for either mutation, compared to wild type family members. It is also shown that the two mutations impair both catalytic activity and expression of the circulating protein. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Eye Clin, Med Grp 29, Shaw AFB, SC 29152 USA. Univ British Columbia, St Pauls Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atherosclerosis Specialty Lab, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada. Univ Washington, NW Lipid Res Labs, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. RP Argyropoulos, G (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL30086, P01 HL 55782]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-47461] NR 41 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 39 IS 9 BP 1870 EP 1876 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 115CX UT WOS:000075646900017 PM 9741700 ER PT J AU Workman, RH AF Workman, RH TI Should risperidone be used in Parkinson's disease? Reply SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Letter C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77211 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA. RP Workman, RH (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77211 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD FAL PY 1998 VL 10 IS 4 BP 474 EP 475 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 135CR UT WOS:000076783200017 ER PT J AU Carey, K AF Carey, K TI Stochastic demand for hospitals and optimizing "excess" bed capacity SO JOURNAL OF REGULATORY ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID COST-FUNCTIONS; POLICY IMPLICATIONS; MARKET-STRUCTURE; PANEL-DATA; COMPETITION; ANTITRUST; STANDARDS; MERGER; CARE AB This paper addresses the issue of hospital bed capacity by considering the stochastic demand for United States hospitals. An equilibrium condition for the optimal number of "excess" beds is derived and applied using a cost function estimated with a panel data model for the period 1987-1992. Results indicate that it may be difficult to justify the costliness of existing levels of empty hospital beds. The Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission should be cognizant of the potential effects of hospital mergers on undesirable excess bed capacity. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Management Sci Grp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. RP Carey, K (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Management Sci Grp, 200 Springs Rd, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. NR 37 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-680X J9 J REGUL ECON JI J. Regul. Econ. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 14 IS 2 BP 165 EP 187 DI 10.1023/A:1008009302343 PG 23 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 120ZL UT WOS:000075987700004 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI Bedrick, J Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Searles, JS McKay, JR Cook, TG AF Alterman, AI Bedrick, J Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Searles, JS McKay, JR Cook, TG TI Personality pathology and drinking in young men at high and low familial risk for alcoholism SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL LA English DT Article ID DISORDERS; CHILDREN; HISTORY; COMORBIDITY; PREDICTORS; BEHAVIOR; VALIDITY; ABUSE AB Objective: Three groups varying in familial alcoholism risk were compared with respect to amount of alcohol consumption, presence of personality pathology, and the relationship between personality pathology and alcohol consumption. Method: Research subjects were young adult men recruited from local colleges, a trade school and the community. The risk groups included (1) a group with a biological alcoholic father and significant additional familial alcoholism (n = 106); (2) subjects with an alcoholic father, but without significant additional familial alcoholism (n = 100); and (3) a group with no paternal alcoholism and at most only one second/third-degree alcoholic relative (n = 190). Absolute daily ounces of alcohol was determined using a standard quantity-frequency scale. Prevalence of DSM-III-R personality disorders (PDs) was evaluated using the Personality Disorder Questionnaire-Revised both with and without application of an impairment and distress scale. Familial risk determination was based on agree ment between four separate self-report assessments. Results: The first group consumed significantly more alcohol than the other two groups, which did not differ in alcohol consumption. The first group's subjects were more likely to meet criteria for virtually all of the PD diagnoses than were the other two groups. A greater proportion of the second group's subjects qualified for various PDs than did the third group's subjects. Personality pathology was consistently or usually associated with more drinking in the first and third groups, respectively, but associated with less consumption in the second group. Conclusions: Young men with high-density familial alcoholism are at greater risk for the development of alcoholism than those with alcoholic fathers and little additional familial alcoholism. Relationships between personality pathology and alcohol consumption, and possibly the development of alcoholism, differ for the three risk groups. C1 Univ Penn, Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr,Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Alterman, AI (reprint author), Univ Penn, Hlth Syst, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr,Sch Med, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA07361]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186] NR 29 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 4 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 0096-882X J9 J STUD ALCOHOL JI J. Stud. Alcohol PD SEP PY 1998 VL 59 IS 5 BP 495 EP 502 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 107NN UT WOS:000075215500002 PM 9718101 ER PT J AU Baer, JS Barr, HM Bookstein, FL Sampson, PD Streissguth, AP AF Baer, JS Barr, HM Bookstein, FL Sampson, PD Streissguth, AP TI Prenatal alcohol exposure and family history of alcoholism in the etiology of adolescent alcohol problems SO JOURNAL OF STUDIES ON ALCOHOL LA English DT Article ID CROSS-FOSTERING ANALYSIS; INHERITANCE; CHILDREN; ETHANOL; AGE; DRINKING; PARENTS; ABUSE AB Objective: To examine the relative importance of prenatal alcohol exposure and family history of alcoholism fcr the prediction of adolescent alcohol problems. Method: In 1974-75, a population-based, longitudinal prospective study of alcohol and pregnancy began with self-report of alcohol use by pregnant women. In a 14-year follow-up, 439 parents provided information on the family history of alcohol problems for these adolescent offspring. The 14-year-old adolescents provided information on the frequency and quantity of their own alcohol consumption within the past month, on the consequences of their drinking over the past 3 years, and on their age at first intoxication. Additional covariates were assessed prenatally and at follow-up. Results: Prenatal alcohol exposure was more predictive of adolescent alcohol use and its negative consequences than was family history of alcohol problems. Prenatal exposure retained a significant predictive effect even after adjustment for family history and other prenatal and environmental covariates. By contrast, the nominally significant correlation of family history with adolescent drinking is weaker after adjustment for prenatal alcohol exposure and disappears entirely after adjustment for other relevant covariates. We observed no evidence for an interactive effect of fetal exposure and family history in predicting adolescent alcohol use. Conclusions: Fetal alcohol exposure is a risk factor for adolescent alcohol involvement and alcohol-related problems and may account for variance in prediction of problems otherwise attributed to family history of alcoholism. Studies of alcoholism etiology and family history need to include consideration of even modest levels of fetal alcohol exposure. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Arts & Sci, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Streissguth, AP (reprint author), Fetal Alcohol & Drug Unit, 180 Nickerson St,Suite 309, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RI Rohlf, F/A-8710-2008 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 01455-01-22] NR 46 TC 94 Z9 95 U1 3 U2 11 PU ALCOHOL RES DOCUMENTATION INC CENT ALCOHOL STUD RUTGERS UNIV PI PISCATAWAY PA C/O DEIRDRE ENGLISH, 607 ALLISON RD, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08854-8001 USA SN 0096-882X J9 J STUD ALCOHOL JI J. Stud. Alcohol PD SEP PY 1998 VL 59 IS 5 BP 533 EP 543 PG 11 WC Substance Abuse; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychology GA 107NN UT WOS:000075215500006 PM 9718105 ER PT J AU Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Childress, AR Goehl, L Hole, AV O'Brien, CP AF Ehrman, RN Robbins, SJ Childress, AR Goehl, L Hole, AV O'Brien, CP TI Laboratory exposure to cocaine cues does not increase cocaine use by outpatient subjects SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE addiction; cocaine; relapse; conditioning; cue exposure ID ABUSE PATIENTS; RESPONSES; URINE AB Sixty-nine cocaine-dependent outpatients were exposed to cocaine-related stimuli and to nondrug events on separate days. Cocaine cue sessions were always followed by a meeting with a trained clinician designed to eliminate any craving that remained following cue presentations. Urine samples were collected before each laboratory session and 1 to 3 days later. Neither rates of cocaine use nor average urine metabolite values differed following the two sessions. Nearly 90% of subjects had the same urine test result both before and after the cocaine cue session. Thus, laboratory presentation of cocaine cues to outpatient subjects did not increase their risk of subsequent drug-faking. These results suggest that with proper clinical protections, cue exposure Can be used as a treatment outcome measure and a behavioral intervention in outpatient settings without increasing the risk of drug use. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Beaver Coll, Dept Psychol, Glenside, PA USA. RP Ehrman, RN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [P50-DA09252-02, DA03008] NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 15 IS 5 BP 431 EP 435 DI 10.1016/S0740-5472(97)00290-0 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 116AU UT WOS:000075699800005 PM 9751000 ER PT J AU Menaker, GM Moy, RL Lamb, P AF Menaker, GM Moy, RL Lamb, P TI Surgical pearl: Dermal advancement flaps for filling deep dorsal nasal defects under grafts SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Moy, RL (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 2 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 39 IS 3 BP 478 EP 480 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 117HA UT WOS:000075774800015 PM 9738784 ER PT J AU Chiodo, LK Royall, DR Jaramillo, CJ Polk, MJ AF Chiodo, LK Royall, DR Jaramillo, CJ Polk, MJ TI Olfactory function and cognition in independent elders. SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 46 IS 9 MA P217 BP S71 EP S71 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 116TR UT WOS:000075741400283 ER PT J AU Guerrero, ET Perell, K Fang, MA AF Guerrero, ET Perell, K Fang, MA TI Comparison of kinematic gait parameters in knee osteoarthritis on disease severity, pain and quality of life SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 46 IS 9 MA P123 BP S47 EP S47 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 116TR UT WOS:000075741400189 ER PT J AU Steele, B Holt, L Belza, B Buchner, D AF Steele, B Holt, L Belza, B Buchner, D TI Objective measurement of physical activity in the chronically ill elderly SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 46 IS 9 MA P306 BP S93 EP S93 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 116TR UT WOS:000075741400372 ER PT J AU Lichtenstein, MJ Dhanda, R Cornell, JE Escalante, A Hazuda, HP AF Lichtenstein, MJ Dhanda, R Cornell, JE Escalante, A Hazuda, HP TI Disaggregating pain and its effect on physical functional limitations SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; JOINT IMPAIRMENT; NUTRITION EXAMINATION; DISABLEMENT PROCESS; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; OLDER ADULTS; KNEE PAIN; DISABILITY AB Background. Pain is a common impairment that limits the abilities of older persons. The purposes of this article are to: (i) describe the distribution of pain location using the McGill Pain Map (MPM) in a community-based cohort of aged subjects; (ii) investigate whether individual areas of pain could be sensibly grouped into regions of pain; (iii) determine whether intensity, frequency, and location constitute independent dimensions of pain; and (iv) determine whether these three pain dimensions make differential contributions to the presence of self-reported physical functional limitations. Methods, A total of 833 Mexican American;and European American subjects, aged 65-79 years, were enrolled in the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging and were interviewed in their homes between 1992 and 1996. A total of 373 (46%) of the subjects reported having pain in the past week. Physical functional limitations were ascertained using the nine items from the Nagi scale. Three composite scales were created: upper extremity, lower extremity, and total. Pain intensity and frequency were ascertained using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. Pain location was ascertained by using the MPM. Results. Pain was reported in every area of the MPM. Using multiple groups confirmatory factor analysis, the 36 areas were grouped into 7 regions of pain: head, arms, hands and wrists, trunk, back, upper leg, and lower leg. Among persons with pain, pain frequency, intensity, and location were weakly associated with each other. Pain regions were primarily independent of each other, yet weak associations existed between 6 of the 21 pair-wise correlations between regions. Pain regions were differentially associated with individual physical functional limitations. Pain in the upper leg was associated with 8 of the 9 physical tasks. In multivariate analyses, age, gender, and ethnic group accounted for only 2-3% of the variance in physical functional limitations. Pain intensity accounted for 5-6% of the variance in the composite scores of functional limitation. Pain frequency accounted for 4-5% of the variance in upper extremity limitations but did not contribute to the modeling of lower extremity limitations. In contrast, pain location accounted for 9-14% of the variance in physical functional limitations. Conclusions. We tested a method for ascertaining pain location and clearly demonstrated that pain location is an important determinant of sell-reported physical functional limitations. The MPM methodology may be used in population-based studies or in clinical samples that focus on specific impairments and seek to control for pain frequency and intensity. Future studies can link specific diseases with the common impairment of pain and tease out the pathways that lead to other impairments (e.g., weakness), functional limitations, and disability. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Rheumatol Sect, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Agr Res & Educ, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Lichtenstein, MJ (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [1-UO1-HS07397]; NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-RO1-AG-10444] NR 40 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 4 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 53 IS 5 BP M361 EP M371 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 120JK UT WOS:000075953100016 PM 9754142 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Mirea, A AF Mendez, MF Mirea, A TI Adult head-banging and stereotypic movement disorders SO MOVEMENT DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE stereotypic movement disorder; self-injury; head-banging; naltrexone ID SELF-INJURIOUS-BEHAVIOR; MENTAL-RETARDATION; MUTILATION; DOPAMINE AB Stereotypic movement disorders (SMD) such as head-banging, which are common among children with mental retardation or pervasive developmental disorders, may also occur in intellectually normal adults. We report a 27-year history of daily head-banging with self-injury in a 49-year-old man with normal cognition. The patient had no personal or family history of Tourette's syndrome, tic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), or mental retardation. The frequency of his stereotypical head-banging increased with anxiety, loud noises with startle, and boredom. He reported a sense of pleasure from his head-banging, and the frequency of this behavior decreased when he was treated with the opioid antagonist naltrexone. Although not diagnostic, the self-stimulatory or pleasurable component of head-banging, body-rocking, thumb-sucking, and other SMD may help distinguish them from ties, Tourette's syndrome, OCD, and deliberate self-harming behavior. This report reviews the disorders associated with SMD and discusses the potential mechanisms for these behaviors. The treatment of SMD includes drugs that work through opioid, serotonergic, or dopaminergic systems. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691 116AF, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691 116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0885-3185 J9 MOVEMENT DISORD JI Mov. Disord. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 13 IS 5 BP 825 EP 828 DI 10.1002/mds.870130512 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 119LX UT WOS:000075898900010 PM 9756153 ER PT J AU Anderson, B Heilman, KM AF Anderson, B Heilman, KM TI Touching and timing consciousness SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID LATERALIZATION; SPECIALIZATION; HEMISPHERE; LANGUAGE; SPEECH; PAIN C1 Birmingham VAMC, Serv Neurol, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Neurol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Gainesville VA Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Gainesville, FL USA. Univ Florida, Dept Neurol, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Anderson, B (reprint author), Birmingham VAMC, Serv Neurol, 700 S 19th St, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD SEP PY 1998 VL 51 IS 3 BP 666 EP 668 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 119LR UT WOS:000075898300006 PM 9748006 ER PT J AU Wolden-Hanson, T Gidal, BE Atkinson, RL AF Wolden-Hanson, T Gidal, BE Atkinson, RL TI Evaluation of a rat model of valproate-induced obesity SO PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ACID HEPATIC FATALITIES; BETA-OXIDATION; WEIGHT-GAIN; FOOD-INTAKE; ENERGY-BALANCE; METABOLISM; GLUCOSE; INHIBITION; EPILEPSY; INVITRO AB Long-term treatment with the anticonvulsant valproate (VPA) leads to well-documented weight gain and obesity in humans. In an attempt to develop an animal model of this condition, adult rats were given VPA 20 g/kg (high-dose) or 2 g/kg (low-dose) in their daily feeding or orally 120 mg/kg body weight/day in two divided doses, and food intake and body weight were assessed. Valproate resulted in lower body weights in all protocols. Food intake was lower (p<0.001) for rats receiving high-dose VPA than for controls. Feed efficiency (change in weight divided by cumulative food intake for that period) was lower than that of controls for both high (p<0.0001) and low doses (NS). Metabolic rate and physical activity were not different between control and VPA animals, although decreased food intake would be expected to decrease metabolic rate. Valproate failed to produce obesity in rats in any treatment period. For reasons that are unclear, rats do not appear to be suitable as a model to study this adverse side effect of VPA in humans with epilepsy. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Beers Murphy Clin Nutr Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Nutr Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Pharm, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Wolden-Hanson, T (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC 182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU PHARMACOTHERAPY PUBLICATIONS INC PI BOSTON PA NEW ENGLAND MEDICAL CENTER BOX 806 171 HARRISON AVE, BOSTON, MA 02111 USA SN 0277-0008 J9 PHARMACOTHERAPY JI Pharmacotherapy PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1075 EP 1081 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 122JH UT WOS:000076068100015 PM 9758318 ER PT J AU Hamner, MB AF Hamner, MB TI Recurrent psychotic depression associated with GM2 gangliosidosis SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID HEXOSAMINIDASE-A DEFICIENCY; DEGENERATION; DISEASE C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116A, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Hamner, MB (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116A, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 5 BP 446 EP 448 PG 3 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 121ZZ UT WOS:000076047100007 PM 9775702 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF AF Mendez, MF TI Postictal violence and epilepsy SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID AGGRESSION; SEIZURES C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691116AF, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol & Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit 691116AF, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD SEP-OCT PY 1998 VL 39 IS 5 BP 478 EP 480 PG 3 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 121ZZ UT WOS:000076047100015 PM 9775710 ER PT J AU Meissner, HH Robinson, L Dubinett, SM Santiago, SM AF Meissner, HH Robinson, L Dubinett, SM Santiago, SM TI Pulmonary edema as a result of chronic upper airway obstruction SO RESPIRATORY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SLEEP-APNEA; PRESSURE AB This is the first case of an adult who developed recurrent pulmonary edema as a result of unrecognized chronic upper airway obstruction due to polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. The case highlights the importance of considering upper airway involvement in the differential diagnosis of sedentary patients with arthritic joint disease and breathing difficulties. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Santiago, SM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Med Sect, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0954-6111 J9 RESP MED JI Respir. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 92 IS 9 BP 1174 EP 1176 DI 10.1016/S0954-6111(98)90416-4 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 126JE UT WOS:000076289500017 PM 9926177 ER PT J AU Goldsmith, KT Dion, LD Curiel, DT Garver, RI AF Goldsmith, KT Dion, LD Curiel, DT Garver, RI TI trans E1 component requirements for maximal replication of E1-defective recombinant adenovirus SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROTEINS INDUCE APOPTOSIS; E1B-58KD TUMOR-ANTIGEN; THYMIDINE KINASE GENE; CELL LUNG-CARCINOMA; RAT EMBRYO CELLS; EARLY REGION-1B; MESSENGER-RNAS; BCL-2 PROTEIN; 19-KILODALTON PROTEIN; TRANSFORMED-CELLS AB Strategies that enable EI-defective recombinant adenoviruses to selectively undergo replication in neoplastic tissue may be useful for future investigations or therapies of malignancies. A growing body of evidence suggests that some molecular alterations commonly associated with malignancies, such as p53 mutations, can modify the specific EI requirements for replication of human serotype adenoviruses, In the studies reported here, a panel of human non-small cell lung cancer cell lines with previously defined p53 status were characterized for basal interleukin-6 (IL-6) and bcl-2 content because previous studies have indicated both proteins can functionally substitute for the replication requirements provided by native EI viral proteins. Cell lines were infected with El-defective adenovirus 5 and simultaneously transfected with different combinations of El plasmids, or a bcl-2 expression plasmid, and adenovirus present in the cells was quantified 6 days later. These assays demonstrated that E1A with both 19- and 55-kDa E1B-encoding plasmids were required for maximal adenoviral replication, independent of the varying p53/IL-6/basal bcl-2 phenotypes of the host cell lines. EIA was required for maximal replication enablement, independent of the basal IL-6 content of these cell lines, and exogenous IL-6 also did not obviate the E1A requirement Interestingly, the bcl-2 expression plasmid did not consistently substitute for the 19-kDa expression plasmid in the context of this replication complementation assay. These results suggest that (1) basal levels of IL-6 greater than that present in these cell lines are necessary for functional replacement of the EIA replication function and (2) bcl-2 does not predictably substitute for the 19-kDa E1B replication function in the context of trans complementation. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Dept Med, Gene Therapy Program, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Garver, RI (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Med, 701 S 19th St, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM robgarver@sprintmail.com NR 70 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD SEP 1 PY 1998 VL 248 IS 2 BP 406 EP 419 DI 10.1006/viro.1998.9293 PG 14 WC Virology SC Virology GA 117CC UT WOS:000075761800023 PM 9721248 ER PT J AU Meissner, HH Santiago, SM Stein, M Goldman, MD Williams, AJ AF Meissner, HH Santiago, SM Stein, M Goldman, MD Williams, AJ TI Failure of physician documentation of sleep complaints in hospitalized patients SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; DISTURBANCE; SYMPTOMS; INSOMNIA; FATIGUE AB Sleep disorders are acknowledged to be common but remain underrecognized by the medical community, often attributed to the failure to question patients about their sleep quality. We examined the prevalence of sleep complaints (insomnia or excessive daytime sleepiness) in a group of general medical patients by administering a questionnaire to hospitalized patients in a Veterans Affairs tertiary care medical center. A total of 222 consecutive adults (215 men, 60 +/- 14 years; body mass index, 24.8 +/- 5.6) completed the questionnaire. Of these, 105 patients (47%) had either insomnia, excessive daytime somnolence, or both; 63 (28%) had excessive daytime somnolence, which was severe in 27 (12%). Of 75 patients (34%) who had insomnia, a third were taking hypnotic medication. Forty patients (18%) had snoring, which was associated with excessive daytime somnolence in 36, whereas 46 patients (21%) had either restless legs or a combination of leg jerks and leg kicking or twitching during sleep, associated with a sleep complaint (insomnia in 32). The medical records were subsequently reviewed to assess the admitting physicians' recognition of these symptoms. No record included mention of any patient symptom related to sleep. We conclude that symptoms related to sleep, some of which may be clinically important, are common, and that none of these complaints appear to be recognized by the physicians of record. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. St Thomas Hosp, Lane Fox Resp Unit, London, England. RP Meissner, HH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, 111Q,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 17 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD SEP PY 1998 VL 169 IS 3 BP 146 EP 149 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 119NK UT WOS:000075902400002 PM 9771152 ER PT J AU Peterfy, M Gyuris, T Antonio, L Takacs, L AF Peterfy, M Gyuris, T Antonio, L Takacs, L TI Characterization and chromosomal mapping of two pseudogenes of the mouse Pafaha/Lis1 gene: retrointegration hotspots in the mouse genome SO GENE LA English DT Article DE platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase; lissencephaly; Miller-Dieker syndrome; retrotransposition ID RNA-POLYMERASE-III; PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; DIEKER LISSENCEPHALY GENE; PROCESSED PSEUDOGENES; NEURONAL MIGRATION; CLOSE PROXIMITY; LIS1; TRANSCRIPTION; ACETYLHYDROLASE; INTEGRATION AB Isolated lissencephaly sequence and Miller-Dieker syndrome are related neurodevelopmental disorders caused by defects of the LIS1 gene encoding the alpha subunit of intracellular platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase. In addition to the ortholog of the human LIS1 gene (Pafaha/Lis1), the mouse genome contains two more homologs. In order to characterize the new members of this gene family, we isolated both Pafaha/Lis1-related genes (Pafaha-ps1 and Pafaha-ps2) from a mouse genomic library. Pafaha-ps1 and Pafaha-ps2 are processed pseudogenes formed by the retroinsertion of 5'-truncated Pafaha/Lis1 cDNAs. Sequence analysis revealed a striking accumulation of retroelements at both loci, identifying two retroinsertion hotspots in the mouse genome. The recognition of tRNA genes flanking Pafaha-ps1 provides an example for the potential association of RNA polymerase III transcription and retroinsertion in mammals. Linkage mapping placed Pafaha-ps1 and Pafaha-ps2 to distal chromosome (Chr) 3 and proximal Chr 7, respectively. Our results indicate that only one of the three LIS1-related mouse loci (Pafaha/Lis1) is functional, in contrast with two closely related functional genes (LIS1 and LIS2) reported in humans. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Amgen Inc, Dept Biomed Sci, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. Amgen Inc, Dept Computat Biol, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. RP Peterfy, M (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Room 312, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 28 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD AUG 31 PY 1998 VL 216 IS 2 BP 225 EP 231 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00321-7 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 117RX UT WOS:000075796500001 PM 9729401 ER PT J AU Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Haddad, JG Huang, CLH Zaidi, M AF Adebanjo, OA Moonga, BS Haddad, JG Huang, CLH Zaidi, M TI A possible new role for vitamin D-Binding protein in osteoclast control: Inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ sensing at low physiological concentrations SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATION; COMPONENT; CELLS; ACTIN; GC AB Upon removal of its sialic acid or galactose residue, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) becomes a potent macrophage-activating factor, DBP-MAF. Here we document a new function of DBP-MAF and its parent molecule, DBP, in osteoclast control. We show that all DBPs potently inhibit extracellular Ca2+ (cation) sensing at low nanomolar concentrations with the following rank order of potency: native DBP = sialidase-treated DBP > beta-galactosidase-treated DBP. This attenuation remains unaffected despite co-incubation either with the native DBP ligand, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3, Or with an asialoglycoprotein receptor modulator, asialoorosomucoid. Taken together, the results suggest that circulating DBP may play a role in the systemic control of osteoclastic bone resorption, a hitherto unrecognized action of the protein, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Abing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Cambridge, Physiol Lab, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England. RP Adebanjo, OA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Abing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Huang, Christopher/A-6248-2008 FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 14971-02] NR 15 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD AUG 28 PY 1998 VL 249 IS 3 BP 668 EP 671 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9037 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 116XV UT WOS:000075751100018 PM 9731194 ER PT J AU Badgett, RG Lawrence, JC AF Badgett, RG Lawrence, JC TI Internet health ratings systems: Knowledge vs babel SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID RECOMMENDATIONS C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Briscoe Lib, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Badgett, RG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Briscoe Lib, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 26 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 8 BP 697 EP 698 DI 10.1001/jama.280.8.697 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 111PM UT WOS:000075446900022 PM 9728634 ER PT J AU Song, CS Jung, MH Kim, SC Hassan, T Roy, AK Chatterjee, B AF Song, CS Jung, MH Kim, SC Hassan, T Roy, AK Chatterjee, B TI Tissue-specific and androgen-repressible regulation of the rat dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase gene promoter SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ENRICHED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NF-KAPPA-B; DNA-BINDING; HYDROXYSTEROID SULFOTRANSFERASE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MESSENGER-RNA; RECEPTOR GENE; LIVER; PROTEIN; HORMONE AB Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfotransferase (Std) catalyzes sulfonation of androgenic steroids and certain aromatic procarcinogens, In rats, this enzyme is selectively expressed in the fiver, and its expression is strongly repressed by androgens, DNase I footprinting and electrophoretic mobility shift analyses revealed two hepatocyte nuclear factor-1 (HNF1), three CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP), and one consensus palindromic thyroid hormone response elements within the first 215 base pairs (bp) of the promoter sequence of sat Std. This promoter is normally inactive in fibroblast-derived NIH 3T3 cells. However, overexpression of HNF1 and C/EBP resulted in synergistic activation of the Std promoter in this cell type, indicating essential roles of these two trans-regulators in liver-selective expression of the rat Std gene. On the other hand, point mutations at any one of five cis elements proximal to the -215 bp region markedly reduced reporter gene expression, suggesting that all of these sites are important for overall promoter function. Androgenic repression of the Std gene in rat liver can be recapitulated in androgen receptor (AR)-negative HepG2 hepatoma cells after co-transfection with an AR expression plasmid. Functional assay of a nested set of 5'-deleted promoters mapped the negative androgen response region between positions -235 and -310, Antibody supershift and oligonucleotide competition identified three OCT-1 and two C/EBP elements between bp -231 and -292, An additional OCT-1 site was found to overlap with a C/EBP element at the -262/-252 position. Mutational inactivation of any one of five cis elements within the -231/-292 region abolished negative androgen response, However, none of these cis elements showed DNase I protection by recombinant AR in footprinting assay, suggesting the absence of a direct AR-DNA interaction. Thus, these studies on rat Std promoter function indicate that (i) HNF1 and C/EBP are responsible for Liver specificity of the rat Std gene; (ii) androgenic repression of the gene requires the presence of all of the OCT-1 and C/EBP elements between positions -231 and -292; and (iii) AR may exert its negative regulatory effect indirectly through transcriptional interference of OCT-1 and C/EBP rather than through a direct DNA-AR interaction. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Struct & Cellular Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Chatterjee, B (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Struct & Cellular Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG-03527] NR 49 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD AUG 21 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 34 BP 21856 EP 21866 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.34.21856 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 112JY UT WOS:000075492600058 PM 9705324 ER PT J AU Harris, KW Hu, XJ Schultz, S Arcasoy, MO Forget, BG Clare, N AF Harris, KW Hu, XJ Schultz, S Arcasoy, MO Forget, BG Clare, N TI The distal cytoplasmic domain of the erythropoietin receptor induces granulocytic differentiation in 32D cells SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID STIMULATING-FACTOR-RECEPTOR; GROWTH; PROLIFERATION; SUPPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; LEUKEMIA; SIGNALS; LINES AB The role of hematopoietic growth factors in lineage commitment and differentiation is unclear, We present evidence that heterologous expression of an erythroid specific receptor allows granulocytic differentiation of a myeloid cell line. We have previously characterized a truncation mutant of the erythropoietin receptor (EpoR), which is associated with familiar erythrocytosis (Blood 89:4628, 1997), This truncated EpoR lacks the distal 70 amino acids of the cytoplasmic domain. To study the functional role of this distal receptor domain, 32D cells, a murine interleukin-3 (IL-3)-dependent myeloid line, were transfected with the wild-type EpoR (32D/EpoR Wi) or the truncated EpoR (32D/EpoR FE). 32D cells expressing either the full-length or truncated EpoR display equivalent proliferative rates in saturating concentrations of Epo. There is a dramatic difference in maturational phenotype between the two cell lines, however. The 32D/EpoR FE cells and mock transfected 32D cells have an immature, monoblastic morphology and do not express the primary granule protein myeloperoxidase, The 32D/EpoR WT cells, on the other hand, demonstrate granulocytic differentiation with profuse granulation, mature, clumped chromatin, and myeloperoxidase expression. There is no evidence of erythroid differentiation in 32D cells transfected with either the full-length or truncated EpoR. Treatment of the cells with the specific Jak2 inhibitor tyrphostin AG 490 inhibits myeloid differentiation driven by the distal EpoR. We conclude that: (1) the distal cytoplasmic domain of the EpoR is able to induce a specific myeloid differentiation signal distinct from mitogenic signaling, and (2) these data extend to myelopoiesis the growing body of evidence that the cellular milieu, not the specific cytokine receptor, determines the specificity of differentiation after cytokine receptor activation, (C) 1998 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Hematol Sect, New Haven, CT USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Harris, KW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 44058] NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD AUG 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 4 BP 1219 EP 1224 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 109MR UT WOS:000075326800017 PM 9694710 ER PT J AU Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK Mahalingam, R Shimek, C Marcoux, HL Wellish, M Tyler, KL Gilden, DH AF Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK Mahalingam, R Shimek, C Marcoux, HL Wellish, M Tyler, KL Gilden, DH TI Profound cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and Froin's syndrome secondary to widespread necrotizing vasculitis in an HIV-positive patient with varicella zoster virus encephalomyelitis SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE varicella zoster virus; encephalomyelitis; pleocytosis; vasculitis; Froin's syndrome; cerebrospinal fluid; polymerase chain reaction; HIV ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; HERPES-ZOSTER; IMMUNOSUPPRESSED PATIENTS; CEREBRAL VASCULOPATHY; ENCEPHALITIS; DNA; SIMPLEX; COMPLICATIONS AB Demonstration of the direct involvement of cranial blood Vessels by varicella tester virus (VZV) is facilitated by immunohistochemistry (IHC), in situ hybridization (ISH) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. The extent to which an inflammatory vasculitis serves as the pathogenic mechanism for VZV encephalomyelitis (VZVE) is still, however, debated. Most VZVE patients are immuno-compromised and show little inflammation, either pre-mortem in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or at autopsy. We describe an HIV-positive patient with a moderately depressed CD4 count (304) who presented with massively elevated CSF protein (1800 mg/dl), bloody CSF and pleocytosis (1300 white blood cells (WBC)/mm(3)). His CSF was positive for VZV DNA by PCR. He was treated with acyclovir and foscarnet, but died. At autopsy, an unusually widespread, inflammatory, transmural vasculitis caused by VZV affected meningeal vessels at virtually all brain stem and spinal cord levels, causing multiple subpial hemorrhages and necrosis. Virus DNA in multiple areas of brain, brainstem and spinal cord was readily revealed by PCR, but not by the presence of viral inclusions, IHC or ISH. This case, with a clinically confusing presentation for VZVE, illustrates the extensive, albeit infrequent, degree of necrotizing vasculitis and CSF abnormalities that VZV is capable of producing. Antiviral therapy may have inhibited VZV genome replication and subsequent antigen production, resulting in negative ISH and IHC studies, but generated increased VZV genomic fragments that were detectable by the more sensitive PCR technique. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. OI Tyler, Kenneth/0000-0003-3294-5888 NR 28 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD AUG 14 PY 1998 VL 159 IS 2 BP 213 EP 218 DI 10.1016/S0022-510X(98)00171-3 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 115DB UT WOS:000075647300017 PM 9741410 ER PT J AU Bridges, AJ AF Bridges, AJ TI Clinical examination SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Software Review C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Bridges, AJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 12 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 6 BP 576 EP 576 DI 10.1001/jama.280.6.576 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 108AY UT WOS:000075244900041 ER PT J AU Wu, YS Salmela, KS Lieber, CS AF Wu, YS Salmela, KS Lieber, CS TI Microsomal acetaldehyde oxidation is negligible in the presence of ethanol SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE acetaldehyde oxidation; microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS); CYP2E1; ethanol ID ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE; SUBCELLULAR-DISTRIBUTION; AFFINITY-CHROMATOGRAPHY; OXIDIZING SYSTEM; HUMAN LIVER; RAT-LIVER; CYTOCHROME-P-450; METABOLISM; MUTANT; CYP2E1 AB The microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS), inducible by ethanol and acetone, oxidizes ethanol to acetaldehyde, which causes many toxic effects associated with excess ethanol. Recent studies reported that rat liver microsomes also oxidize acetaldehyde, thereby challenging the validity of the assessment of MEOS activity by measuring acetaldehyde production and suggesting that MEOS activity results in the accumulation not of acetaldehyde but, rather, of its less toxic metabolite, acetate. To address these issues, we compared both metabolic rates of ethanol and acetaldehyde and the effect of ethanol on the acetaldehyde metabolism. Liver microsomes were prepared from Sprague-Dawley rats induced either with acetone for 3 days or ethanol for 3 weeks. NADPH-dependent acetaldehyde (300 mu M) metabolism was measured in two ways: (1) by detection of acetaldehyde disappearance by headspace gas chromatography, and (2) by assessment of acetaldehyde oxidation by liquid scintillation counting of acetate formed from 1:1,2-C-14]acetaldehyde. Ethanol (50 mM) oxidation was measured by gas chromatography. In acetone- and ethanol-induced rat liver microsomes, the acetaldehyde disappearance (p < 0.0001) and oxidation (p < 0.0001) rates were both significantly increased. The rates of acetaldehyde oxidation paralleled those of p-nitrophenol hydroxylation (r = 0.974, p < 0.0001), with a K-m of 82 +/- 14 mu M and a V-max of 4.8 +/- 0.5 nmol/min/mg protein in acetone-induced microsomes. Acetaldehyde disappearance in acetone-induced microsomes and acetaldehyde oxidation in acetone-induced and ethanol-induced microsomes were significantly lower than the corresponding ethanol oxidation, with rates (nmol/min/mg protein) of 4.6 +/- 0.6 versus 9.0 +/- 0.8 Go < 0.005), 4.4 +/- 0.3 versus 9.1 +/- 0.5 Go < 0.0005), and 14.0 +/- 0.9 versus 19.5 +/- 1.8 Ip < 0.05), respectively. The presence of 50 mM ethanol decreased this metabolism to 0.9 +/- 0.3 (p < 0.005), 0.5 +/- 0.1 Go < 0.001), and 1.8 rt 0.3 Go < 0.001), resulting in rates of acetaldehyde metabolism of only 9.8 +/- 3.2%, 6.0 +/- 0.5%, and 9.5 +/- 1.2% (respectively) of those of ethanol oxidation. In conclusion, rat liver microsomes oxidize acetaldehyde at much lower rates than ethanol, and this acetaldehyde metabolism is strikingly inhibited by ethanol. Accordingly, acetaldehyde formation provides an accurate assessment of MEOS activity. Furthermore, because acetaldehyde production vastly exceeds its oxidation, the net result of MEOS activity is the accumulation of this toxic metabolite. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Alcohol Res & Treatment 151 2, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Alcohol Res & Treatment 151 2, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA05934, AA07275] NR 20 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD AUG PY 1998 VL 22 IS 5 BP 1165 EP 1169 DI 10.1097/00000374-199808000-00028 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 112BW UT WOS:000075475100028 PM 9726291 ER PT J AU Liberman, RP Wallace, CJ Blackwell, G Kopelowicz, A Vaccaro, JV Mintz, J AF Liberman, RP Wallace, CJ Blackwell, G Kopelowicz, A Vaccaro, JV Mintz, J TI Skills training versus psychosocial occupational therapy for persons with persistent schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID OUTPATIENTS AB Objective: The authors compared the community functioning of outpatients with persistent forms of schizophrenia after treatment with psychosocial occupational therapy or social skills training, with the latter conducted by paraprofessionals. Method: Eighty outpatients with persistent forms of schizophrenia were randomly assigned to receive either psychosocial occupational therapy or skills training for 12 hours weekly for 6 months, followed by 18 months of follow-up with case management in the community. Antipsychotic medication was prescribed through "doctor's choice" by psychiatrists who were blind to the psychosocial treatment assignments. Results: Patients who received skills training showed significantly greater independent living skills during a 2-year follow-up of everyday community functioning. Conclusions: Skills training can be effectively conducted by paraprofessionals, with durability and generalization of the skills greater than that achieved by occupational therapists who provide their patients with psychosocial occupational therapy. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Liberman, RP (reprint author), 528 Lake Sherwood Dr, Thousand Oaks, CA 91361 USA. EM rpl@ucla.edu OI kopelowicz, alex/0000-0002-1728-4105 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-30911] NR 20 TC 159 Z9 165 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 155 IS 8 BP 1087 EP 1091 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 106JG UT WOS:000075125700016 PM 9699698 ER PT J AU Goldstein, G Allen, DN van Kammen, DP AF Goldstein, G Allen, DN van Kammen, DP TI Individual differences in cognitive decline in schizophrenia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article AB The authors' goal was to determine whether cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia exhibit age-related cognitive declines similar to those of patients with schizophrenia who do not have substantial cognitive impairment. Method: Correlation coefficients were computed between age and the Average impairment Rating, a summary index of cognitive ability, in a group of 77 patients with schizophrenia. These patients were clustered into two groups: one with near-normal cognitive function (N=51) and one with severely impaired cognitive function (N=26). A group of patients with senile dementia (N=21) and another comparison group of nonschizophrenic patients (N=299) were used as reference groups. Results: There were significant correlations between age and the Average Impairment Rating in all groups except the cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia, in which a zero-order correlation was obtained. Conclusions: Patients with schizophrenia who have substantial cognitive impairment do not have the significant correlation between age and cognitive function found in patients with schizophrenia who have mildly impaired or normal cognitive abilities, suggesting earlier onset of cognitive deficit in the cognitively impaired patients with schizophrenia. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 155 IS 8 BP 1117 EP 1118 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 106JG UT WOS:000075125700024 PM 9699706 ER PT J AU Carlson, MJ Baker, LH AF Carlson, MJ Baker, LH TI Difficult, dangerous, and drug seeking: The 3D way to better patient care SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Bayer Inst Hlth Care Commun, Portland, OR USA. RP Carlson, MJ (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1015 FIFTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 1998 VL 88 IS 8 BP 1250 EP 1252 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 106XJ UT WOS:000075176300026 PM 9702164 ER PT J AU Reiber, GE Lipsky, BA Gibbons, GW AF Reiber, GE Lipsky, BA Gibbons, GW TI The burden of diabetic foot ulcers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; AMPUTATION; INFECTIONS; MELLITUS; CARE; ULCERATION; MANAGEMENT; PREVENTION; DISEASE; COSTS AB Lower extremity ulcers represent a major concern for patients with diabetes and for those who treat them, from both a quality of life and an economic standpoint. Studies to evaluate quality of life have shown that patients with foot ulcers have decreased physical, emotional, and social function. Analyses of economic impact have shown (1) the majority of costs occur in the inpatient setting, (2) a lack of financial benefit when comparing primary amputation with an aggressive approach to limb salvaging including vascular reconstruction, and (3) private insurance provides greater reimbursement for inpatient care than does Medicare. Results of etiologic studies suggest that hyperglycemia induces diabetes-related complications through sorbitol accumulation and protein glycation, and the resultant nerve damage manifests as peripheral neuropathy, which predisposes to ulcer development. Patients with diabetes also have an increased incidence of peripheral vascular disease, impaired wound healing, and decreased ability to fight infection. In light of these factors, it is sometimes difficult to determine the optimal course for patient management. This review is aimed at helping healthcare providers make better decisions about treatment, resource use, and strategies for future foot ulcer prevention. Am J Suug. 1998;176(Suppl 2A):5S-10S. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol & Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Boston, MA USA. RP Reiber, GE (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way 152, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. NR 40 TC 105 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 8 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 176 IS 2A SU S BP 5S EP 10S DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00181-0 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 128NC UT WOS:000076412000003 PM 9777967 ER PT J AU Asch, S Leake, B Knowles, L Gelberg, L AF Asch, S Leake, B Knowles, L Gelberg, L TI Tuberculosis in homeless patients: Potential for case finding in public emergency departments SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; HEALTH AB Study objectives: Previous studies have had difficulty evaluating the optimal clinical site for screening homeless patients for active tuberculosis (TB). We hypothesized that homeless patients with TB would not frequently reside in shelters at the time of their diagnosis and would be more likely than other patients with TB to seek care in public hospitals, thus presenting an opportunity for screening radiography. Methods: This registry-based survey included 743 consecutive patients with confirmed active TB in Los Angeles County. No therapeutic intervention was involved. Results: When compared with patients with TB who were not homeless, homeless patients with TB were more likely to be male (93% versus 63%, P < .001), black (44% versus 15%, P < .001), living in the inner city (55% versus 7%, P < .001), and born in the United States (67% versus 32%, P < .001). They were more infectious than other patients with TB as evidenced by a trend toward more cavitary radiographic lesions (24% versus 16%, P = .11) and significantly more positive sputum smears (56% versus 41%, P = .009). Less than a third lived in congregate facilities such as shelters at the time of their diagnosis. Instead, their disease was diagnosed more often at county hospitals (54% versus 23%, P < .001) than patients with TB who were not homeless. Conclusion: Widespread screening for TB in shelters may miss most homeless patients with TB. Because most county-hospital homeless patients with TB initially present to emergency departments and many do not live in shelters, future cost-effectiveness studies should evaluate chest radiograph screening for all homeless ED patients. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Asch, S (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mail Code 111G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 32 IS 2 BP 144 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0196-0644(98)70128-3 PG 4 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 106JL UT WOS:000075126100003 PM 9701295 ER PT J AU Hall, SM Reus, VI Munoz, RF Sees, KL Humfleet, G Hartz, DT Frederick, S Triffleman, E AF Hall, SM Reus, VI Munoz, RF Sees, KL Humfleet, G Hartz, DT Frederick, S Triffleman, E TI Nortriptyline and cognitive-behavioral therapy in the treatment of cigarette smoking SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID LONGITUDINAL PSYCHIATRIC DATA; NICOTINE DEPENDENCE; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS; YOUNG-ADULTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CESSATION; SMOKERS; ABSTINENCE; CLONIDINE AB Background: A history of major depressive disorder (MDD) predicts failure to quit smoking. We determined the effect of nortriptyline hydrochloride and cognitive-behavioral therapy on smoking treatment outcome in smokers with a history of MDD. The study also addressed the effects of diagnosis and treatment condition on dysphoria after quitting smoking and the effects of dysphoria on abstinence. Methods: This was a 2 (nortriptyline vs placebo) x 2 (cognitive-behavioral therapy vs control) x 2 (history of MDD vs no history) randomized trial. The participants were 199 cigarette smokers. The outcome measures were biologically verified abstinence from cigarettes at weeks 12, 24, 38, and 64. Mood, withdrawal, and depression were measured at 3, 5, and 8 days after the smoking quit date, Results: Nortriptyline produced higher abstinence rates than placebo, independent of depression history. Cognitive;behavioral therapy was more effective for participants with a history of depression. Nortriptyline alleviated a negative affect occurring after smoking cessation. Increases in the level of negative affect from baseline to 3 days after the smoking quit date predicted abstinence at later assessments for MDD history-negative smokers. There was also a sex-by-depression history interaction; MDD history-positive women were less likely to be abstinent than MDD history-negative women, but depression history did not predict abstinence for men. Conclusions: Nortriptyline is a promising adjunct for smoking cessation. Smokers with a history of depression are aided by more intensive psychosocial treatments. Mood and diagnosis interact to predict relapse. Increases in negative affect after quitting smoking are attenuated by nortriptyline. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Treatment Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Hall, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Treatment Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Box 0984TRC,401 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RI reus, victor/I-7923-2015 OI reus, victor/0000-0002-8193-5697 FU NIDA NIH HHS [P50 DA 09253, R01 DA 23652, T32 DA 07250] NR 33 TC 256 Z9 260 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD AUG PY 1998 VL 55 IS 8 BP 683 EP 690 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.55.8.683 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 107EE UT WOS:000075193400001 PM 9707377 ER PT J AU Legro, MW Reiber, GD Smith, DG del Aguila, M Larsen, J Boone, D AF Legro, MW Reiber, GD Smith, DG del Aguila, M Larsen, J Boone, D TI Prosthesis evaluation questionnaire for persons with lower limb amputations: Assessing prosthesis-related quality of life SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-STATUS; MOOD STATES; SHORT-FORM; PROFILE; REHABILITATION; RELIABILITY; AMPUTEE; PEOPLE; ANKLE; KNEE AB Objective: To develop a self-report questionnaire for persons with lower limb amputations who use a prosthesis. The resulting scales were intended to be suitable to evaluate the prosthesis and life with the prosthesis. The conceptual framework was health-related quality of life. Design: Multiple steps of scale development, terminating with test-retest of the Prosthesis Evaluation Questionnaire (PEQ) by mail. Source of Sample: Records from two Seattle hospitals. Patients: Ninety-two patients with lower limb amputations who varied by age, reason for amputation, years since amputation, and amputation level. Main Outcome Measures: The 10 scales used were 4 prosthesis function scales (Usefulness, Residual Limb Health, Appearance, and Sounds), 2 mobility scales (Ambulation and Transfers), 3 psychosocial scales (Perceived Responses, Frustration, and Social Burden), and 1 Well-being scale. Validation measures were the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36, the Social Interaction subscale from the Sickness Impact Profile, and the Profile of Mood States-short form. Results: Nine PEQ scales demonstrated high internal consistency. All met test-retest criteria for comparing group results. Validity was described based on methods used to gather original items, distribution of scores, and comparison of scores with criterion variables. Conclusions: The PEQ scales displayed good psychometric properties. Future work will assess responsiveness of PEQ scales to changes in prosthetic components. We conclude that they will be useful in evaluation of prosthetic care. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Orthopaed, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rehabil Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Orthopaed Surg Unit, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. Prosthet Res Study, Seattle, WA USA. RP Legro, MW (reprint author), MEDTAP Int Inc, 2101 4th Ave,Suite 2200, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. NR 31 TC 148 Z9 153 U1 6 U2 21 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 79 IS 8 BP 931 EP 938 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90090-9 PG 8 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 108MJ UT WOS:000075269800009 PM 9710165 ER PT J AU Kowluru, A Metz, SA AF Kowluru, A Metz, SA TI Purine nucleotide- and sugar phosphate-induced inhibition of the carboxyl methylation and catalysis of protein phosphatase-2A in insulin-secreting cells: Protection by divalent cations SO BIOSCIENCE REPORTS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International-Diabetes-Federation Congress CY JUL 20-25, 1997 CL HELSINKI, FINLAND SP Int Diabet Federat DE carboxyl methylation; protein phosphatase 2A; insulin secretion; pancreatic beta cell ID PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; OKADAIC ACID; RAT ISLETS; BINDING PROTEINS; LANGERHANS; PHOSPHORYLATION; CALCIUM; 2A; SECRETAGOGUES; EXOCYTOSIS AB Recently, we demonstrated that the 36 kDa catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2Ac) undergoes methylation at its C-terminal leucine in normal rat islets, human islets and isolated beta cells; this modification increases the catalytic activity of PP2A [Kowluru el al. Endocrinology. 137:2315-2323, 1996]. Previous studies have suggested that adenine and guanine nucleotides or glycolytic intermediates [which are critical mediators in beta cell function] also modulate phosphatase activity in the pancreatic beta cell. Therefore, we examined whether these phosphorylated molecules specifically regulate the carboxyl methylation and the catalytic activity of PP2A in beta cells. Micromolar concentrations of ATP, ADP, GTP or GDP each inhibited the carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac and, to a lesser degree, the catalytic activity of PP2A. Likewise, the carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac and its catalytic activity were inhibited by [mono- or di-] phosphates of glucose or fructose. Additionally, however, the carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac was significantly stimulated by divalent metal ions (Mn2+ > Mg2+ > Ca2+ > control). The nucleotide or sugar phosphate-mediated inhibition of carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac and the catalytic activity of PP2A were completely prevented by Mn2+ or Mg2+. These data indicate that divalent metal ions protect against the inhibition by purine nucleotides or sugar phosphates of the carboxyl methylation of PP2Ac perhaps permitting PP2A to function under physiologic conditions. Therefore, these data warrant caution in interpretation of extant data on the regulation of phosphatase function by purine nucleotides. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Res Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Endocrinol Sect, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Pacific NW Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. RP Kowluru, A (reprint author), Ctr Clin Sci, H4-568,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 37312] NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0144-8463 J9 BIOSCIENCE REP JI Biosci. Rep. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 18 IS 4 BP 171 EP 186 DI 10.1023/A:1020148729747 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 148DP UT WOS:000077489500002 PM 9877231 ER PT J AU Kowluru, A Kowluru, RA AF Kowluru, A Kowluru, RA TI Subcellular localization and characterization of nucleoside diphosphate kinase in rat retina: Effect of diabetes SO BIOSCIENCE REPORTS LA English DT Article DE nucleoside diphosphate kinase; nucleotide triphosphates; G-proteins; retina; diabetes ID GTP-BINDING-PROTEINS; PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; DIPHOSPHOKINASE ACTIVITY; INSULIN-SECRETION; MAST-CELLS; ABNORMALITIES; METABOLISM; EXPRESSION; FAMILY AB Nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDP kinase) catalyzes the transfer of terminal phosphate from nucleotide triphosphates (e.g. ATP) to nucleotide diphosphates (e.g. GDP) to yield nucleotide triphosphates (e.g. GTP). Since guanine nucleotides play critical role(s) in GTP-binding protein (G-protein)-mediated signal transduction mechanisms in retina, we quantitated NDP kinase activity in subcellular fraction-derived from normal rat retina. A greater than 85% of the total specific activity was present in the soluble fraction, which was stimulated (up to 7 fold) by 2 mM magnesium. NDP kinase exhibited saturation kinetics towards di- and tri-phosphate substrates, and was inhibited by known inhibitors of NDP kinase, uridine diphosphate (UDP) or cromoglycate (CRG). We have previously reported significant abnormalities in the activation of G-proteins in streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rat retina (Kowluru er al. Diabetologia 35:624-631, 1992). Since NDP kinase has been implicated in direct interaction with and/or activation of various G-proteins, we quantitated both basal and magnesium-stimulated NDP kinase activity in soluble and particulate fractions of retina derived from STZ-diabetic rats to examine whether abnormalities in G-protein function in diabetes are attributable to alterations in retinal NDP kinase. There was no effect of diabetes either on the basal or the magnesium-activated retinal NDP kinase activity. This study represents the first characterization of NDP kinase activity in rat retina, and suggests that in diabetes, this enzyme may not be rate-limiting and/or causal for the observed alterations in retinal G-protein functions. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Diabet Res Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Kowluru, A (reprint author), Ctr Clin Sci, Room H4-568,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 31 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0144-8463 J9 BIOSCIENCE REP JI Biosci. Rep. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 18 IS 4 BP 187 EP 198 DI 10.1023/A:1020100813818 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 148DP UT WOS:000077489500003 PM 9877232 ER PT J AU Nobel, CK Duerinckx, AJ Mas-Estelles, F Oren, A AF Nobel, CK Duerinckx, AJ Mas-Estelles, F Oren, A TI Dyspnea and chest pain associated with lung mass SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY-EMBOLISM C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Nobel, CK (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 1998 VL 114 IS 2 BP 618 EP 620 DI 10.1378/chest.114.2.618 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 110ER UT WOS:000075367700046 PM 9726754 ER PT J AU Hollander, PA Elbein, SC Hirsch, IB Kelley, D McGill, J Taylor, T Weiss, SR Crockett, SE Kaplan, RA Comstock, J Lucas, CP Lodewick, PA Canovatchel, W Chung, J Hauptman, J AF Hollander, PA Elbein, SC Hirsch, IB Kelley, D McGill, J Taylor, T Weiss, SR Crockett, SE Kaplan, RA Comstock, J Lucas, CP Lodewick, PA Canovatchel, W Chung, J Hauptman, J TI Role of orlistat in the treatment of obese patients with type 2 diabetes - A 1-year randomized double-blind study SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID VISCERAL ADIPOSE-TISSUE; WEIGHT-LOSS; FAT DISTRIBUTION; MELLITUS; INSULIN; NIDDM; REDUCTION; BENEFITS; GAIN AB OBJECTIVE - Obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Weight loss in patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with improved glycemic control and reduced cardiovascular disease risk factors, but weight loss is notably difficult to achieve and sustain with caloric restriction and exercise. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of treatment with orlistat, a pancreatic lipase inhibitor, on weight loss, glycemic control, and serum lipid levels in obese patients with type 2 diabetes on sulfonylurea medications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - In a multicenter 57-week randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, 120 mg orlistat or placebo was administered orally three times a day with a mildly hypocaloric diet to 391 obese men and women with type 2 diabetes who were aged >18 years, had a BMI of 28-40 kg/m(2), and were clinically stable on oral sulfonylureas. Changes in body weight, glycemic control, lipid levels, and drug tolerability were measured. RESULTS - After 1 year of treatment, the orlistat group lost 6.2 +/- 0.45% (mean +/- SEM) of initial body weight vs. 4.3 +/- 0.49% in the placebo group (P < 0.001). Twice as many patients receiving orlistat (49 vs. 23%) lost greater than or equal to 5% of initial body weight (P < 0.001). Orlistat treatment plus diet compared with placebo plus diet was associated with significant improvement in glycemic control, as reflected in decreases in HbA(1c) (P < 0.001) and lasting plasma glucose (P < 0.001) and in dosage reductions of oral sulfonylurea medication (P < 0.01). Orlistat therapy also resulted in significantly greater improvements than placebo in several lipid parameters, namely, greater reductions in total cholesterol, (P ( 0.001), LDL cholesterol (P < 0.001), triglycerides (P < 0.05), apolipoprotein B (P < 0.001), and the LDL-to-HDL cholesterol ratio (P < 0.001). Mild to moderate and transient gastrointestinal events were reported with orlistat therapy, although their association with study withdrawal was low Fat-soluble vitamin levels generally remained within the reference range, and vitamin supplementation was required in only a few patients. CONCLUSIONS - Orlistat is an effective treatment modality in obese patients with type 2 diabetes with respect to clinically meaningful weight loss and maintenance of weight loss, improved glycemic control, and improved lipid profile. C1 Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Ruth Collins Care Ctr, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. Vet Adm Hosp, Houston, TX USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. Georgetown Univ, Sch Med, Washington, DC USA. San Diego Endocrine & Med Clin, San Diego, CA USA. E Bay Clin Trial Ctr, Concord, CA USA. Florida Hosp Diabet Program, Orlando, FL USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Birmingham, MI USA. William Beaumont Hosp, Birmingham, MI USA. Diabet Care Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. F Hoffmann La Roche, Nutley, NJ USA. RP Hollander, PA (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Med Ctr, Ruth Collins Care Ctr, 3500 Gaston Ave, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. NR 32 TC 378 Z9 390 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD AUG PY 1998 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1288 EP 1294 DI 10.2337/diacare.21.8.1288 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 106YA UT WOS:000075177900015 PM 9702435 ER PT J AU Porte, D Seeley, RJ Woods, SC Baskin, DG Figlewicz, DP Schwartz, MW AF Porte, D Seeley, RJ Woods, SC Baskin, DG Figlewicz, DP Schwartz, MW TI Obesity, diabetes and the central nervous system SO DIABETOLOGIA LA English DT Review ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; HYPOTHALAMIC NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; REDUCES FOOD-INTAKE; BETA-CELL FUNCTION; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; BODY-WEIGHT REGULATION; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; LEPTIN RECEPTOR; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RP Porte, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 12829, DK 17844, DK17047] NR 232 TC 139 Z9 141 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0012-186X J9 DIABETOLOGIA JI Diabetologia PD AUG PY 1998 VL 41 IS 8 BP 863 EP 881 DI 10.1007/s001250051002 PG 19 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 108RB UT WOS:000075278300001 PM 9726588 ER PT J AU Fan, HX Gulley, ML Gascoyne, RD Horsman, DE Adomat, SA Cho, CG AF Fan, HX Gulley, ML Gascoyne, RD Horsman, DE Adomat, SA Cho, CG TI Molecular methods for detecting t(11;14) translocations in mantle-cell lymphomas SO DIAGNOSTIC MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mantle-cell lymphoma; bcl1; 11q13; cyclin D1; southern blot analysis; polymerase chain reaction ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUES; BCL-1 GENE REARRANGEMENT; CYCLIN D1 GENE; LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; CHROMOSOME-TRANSLOCATION; CENTROCYTIC LYMPHOMA; BREAKPOINTS; EXPRESSION; OVEREXPRESSION AB The t(11;14)(q13;q32) and its molecular counterpart, bcl1/JH, are characteristic of mantle-cell lymphomas (MCL). Molecular detection of the translocation is useful in diagnosis and classification, and also shows promise in detecting minimal residual disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of detecting bcl1/JH by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) compared with Southern blot analysis in cases proven by cytogenetic analysis to harbor t(11;14). Southern blot analysis using two probes targeting the major translocation cluster (MTC) and a third probe targeting the p94 region was performed, along with PCR using two different bell MTC primers, on is cases of MCL known to have t(11;14). Southern blot analysis revealed bell rearrangement in 13 of 18 cases (72%), 12 with MTC breakpoints and 1 with a p94 breakpoint. The 2.1-kb MTC probe "b" was superior to the smaller 700-bp probe "a" in detecting these rearrangements. The MTC translocation was identified by PCR in 10 of 12 cases, and both primer sets that were tested performed equally well. This study illustrates the frequency with which molecular methods detect known t(11,14) translocations in MCLs. These results may help clinical laboratory scientists optimize their procedure for detecting bell translocations by molecular methods at initial diagnosis and for purposes of detecting minimal residual disease. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. British Columbia Canc Agcy, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4E6, Canada. RP Gulley, ML (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1052-9551 J9 DIAGN MOL PATHOL JI Diagn. Mol. Pathol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 7 IS 4 BP 209 EP 214 DI 10.1097/00019606-199808000-00005 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pathology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Pathology GA 156WQ UT WOS:000078025700005 PM 9917131 ER PT J AU Evans, RL Connis, RT Haselkorn, JK AF Evans, RL Connis, RT Haselkorn, JK TI Hospital-based rehabilitative care versus outpatient services: effects on functioning and health status SO DISABILITY AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE home-based rehabilitation; physical disability ID SOCIAL SUPPORT; STROKE; ADJUSTMENT; PROGRAMS; ILLNESS; INDEX AB Purpose: The goal of this clinical trial was to examine the long-term impact of rehabilitative care on the health status of patients diagnosed with a disabling disorder. Method: Study patients consisted of first-time hospitalizations from diagnostic groups commonly admitted for inpatient rehabilitation, including nervous, circulatory, and musculoskeletal disorders or injury. Patients were randomly assigned to inpatient rehabilitation (n = 43) or to outpatient follow-up (n = 42) in which the usual medical services were provided but no scheduled rehabilitative therapies were offered. Specific objectives of the study were to determine the effects of inpatient rehabilitation on: (1) functional ability, (2) health and mental health status, (3) personal adjustment, and (4) family function. Cost and use of health-care resources were descriptively assessed. Results: Analysis of covariance found no significant treatment effects, either at 6 months or at 1 year, for any of the variables under study. In addition, there were no differences between groups in their use of nursing homes, length of hospital stay, mortality, or in the number of hospital readmissions or clinic visits during the first year after hospital discharge. Use of rehabilitation services and cost of care was significantly higher than outpatient services. The findings were consistent with previous studies for most outcomes, with the major exception being functional improvements. Contrary to earlier studies, rehabilitation was not found to effectively produce lasting functional outcomes. However, study conditions may not have fully corresponded to those of previous studies, and further research is needed. The patient sample was representative of a full inpatient service and therefore more heterogeneous than samples reported in prior studies, but the small sample size (due to reductions in the number of admitted patients to the rehabilitation unit during the course of the study) precluded subgroup analysis of diagnostic groupings. Conclusions: The findings suggest that hospital-based rehabilitative care does not have lasting benefits, and that alternative care or supportive follow-up by a subacute-care facility may be needed to assist patients in maintaining functional gains and health benefits. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Evans, RL (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 122,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0963-8288 J9 DISABIL REHABIL JI Disabil. Rehabil. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 20 IS 8 BP 298 EP 307 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA ZV308 UT WOS:000074291600003 PM 9651688 ER PT J AU Damon, SE Maddison, L Ware, JL Plymate, SR AF Damon, SE Maddison, L Ware, JL Plymate, SR TI Overexpression of an inhibitory insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP), IGFBP-4, delays onset of prostate tumor formation SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FACTOR-I RECEPTOR; SIMIAN-VIRUS-40 T-ANTIGEN; HUMAN-BREAST-CANCER; ACID MESSENGER-RNA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; PRIMARY CULTURES; GENE-EXPRESSION; BENIGN; FIBROBLASTS AB Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins (IGFBPs) have been shown to either inhibit or enhance the action of IGF, or act in an IGF-independent manner in the prostate. We have overexpressed the IGF-inhibitory IGFBP-4 in the malignant M12 prostate epithelial cell line to determine the effects on tumor formation and apoptosis. Overexpression was determined by Not-them, Western immunoblot and Western radioligand blot analysis. IGF induced proliferation was reduced in the IGFBP-4 transfected cells compared with control cells (P less than or equal to 0.01). Colony formation in soft agar was significantly inhibited up to 14 days after plating in the IGFBP-4 transfected cells when compared with the M12 controls (P less than or equal to 0.01): however, in the presence of des(1-3)IGF-I, there was no significant difference between the control and IGFBP-4 transfectants in colony formation in soft, agar. Apoptosis in an IGFBP-4 transfected cell Line was significantly increased in response to induction by B-hydroxyurea compared with the control Line. When injected sc into male athymic/nude mice, a marked delay was noted in tumor formation in animals receiving IGFBP-4 transfected cells (P less than or equal to 0.01). Interestingly, IGFBP-2 protein levels were reduced in the conditioned media of all IGFBP-4 transfected cell cultures. These data indicate that an inhibitory IGFBP may significantly delay the growth of malignant prostate epithelial cells and enhance the sensitivity of these cells to apoptosis. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Pathol, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Plymate, SR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. EM splymate@u.washington.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 96-005] NR 48 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD AUG PY 1998 VL 139 IS 8 BP 3456 EP 3464 DI 10.1210/en.139.8.3456 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 102KC UT WOS:000074922600013 PM 9681496 ER PT J AU Koh, PS Hughes, GC Faulkner, GR Keeble, WW Bagby, GC AF Koh, PS Hughes, GC Faulkner, GR Keeble, WW Bagby, GC TI The Fanconi anemia group C gene product modulates apoptotic responses to tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily proteins but does not suppress expression of these receptors. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 MA 164 BP 726 EP 726 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118GT UT WOS:000075830600166 ER PT J AU Lu, L Li, YX Wang, L Heinrich, MC Broxmeyer, HE AF Lu, L Li, YX Wang, L Heinrich, MC Broxmeyer, HE TI Transduction of human c-kit hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells from cord blood enhances erythroid cell containing colony formation in the absence of steel factor SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol, Indianapolis, IN USA. Indiana Univ Sch Med, Walther Oncol Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 MA 292 BP 764 EP 764 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118GT UT WOS:000075830600294 ER PT J AU Pharr, P Goldsmith, MA Mikami, A You, Y Liu, KD Thomas, L Longmore, GD AF Pharr, P Goldsmith, MA Mikami, A You, Y Liu, KD Thomas, L Longmore, GD TI Divergent cytokine receptors support terminal red blood cell differentiation in vivo SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Med, Gladstone Inst Virol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 MA 291 BP 764 EP 764 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118GT UT WOS:000075830600293 ER PT J AU Sato, T Laver, JH Ogawa, M AF Sato, T Laver, JH Ogawa, M TI A clonal cell culture assay for human natural killer cell progenitors. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Pediat & Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 MA 342 BP 776 EP 776 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118GT UT WOS:000075830600344 ER PT J AU Yang, L Embree, L Tsai, S Hickstein, DD AF Yang, L Embree, L Tsai, S Hickstein, DD TI Oncoprotein TLS interacts with serine-arginine (SR) proteins involved in RNA splicing SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 MA 450 BP 805 EP 805 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118GT UT WOS:000075830600452 ER PT J AU North, M Dallalio, G Means, RT AF North, M Dallalio, G Means, RT TI Effects of ceramide on human erythroid colony formation: Involvement in the inhibition induced by gamma-interferon. SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 26 IS 8 MA 462 BP 809 EP 809 PG 1 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 118GT UT WOS:000075830600464 ER PT J AU James, JA Harley, JB AF James, JA Harley, JB TI B-cell epitope spreading in autoimmunity SO IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; LA SS-B; SEQUENTIAL AUTOANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS; GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; DRUG-INDUCED LUPUS; T-CELLS; RO RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN; MURINE LUPUS; 60-KDA RO AB How the immune response matures from recognizing a single or a few structures of the antigen to many is an obviously important process. Models of B-cell epitope spreading have been developed in a variety of systems. For example, immunization of animals with PPPGMRPP, one of the earliest B-cell epitopes in the anti-Sm response found in human lupus, leads to antispliceosomal autoimmunity and features of lupus. The humoral immune response spreads from PPPGMRPP to other structures of the spliceosome in an apparently reproducible sequence. B-cell epitope spreading has provided the experimental basis from which a relationship between lupus and Epstein-Barr virus was suspected. An understanding of B-cell epitope spreading is likely to lead to important principles in basic immunology and to answers to human disease problems. C1 Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Dept Med, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Harley, JB (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Dept Med, 825 NE 13Th St, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. EM john-harley@omrf.ouhsc.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI42471]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42474, AR42460] NR 81 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 3 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0105-2896 J9 IMMUNOL REV JI Immunol. Rev. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 164 BP 185 EP 200 DI 10.1111/j.1600-065X.1998.tb01220.x PG 16 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 124AQ UT WOS:000076158500019 PM 9795776 ER PT J AU Burgess, JF Wilson, PW AF Burgess, JF Wilson, PW TI Variation in inefficiency among US hospitals SO INFOR LA English DT Article ID DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS; FRONTIER PRODUCTION FUNCTION; DECISION-MAKING UNITS; TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY; MODEL; REGRESSION; CARE AB This study analyzes the impact of policy variables and other factors on hospital technical inefficiency in the US. Distance functions are used to estimate technical efficiency for each hospital relative to contemporaneous technologies. The resulting panel of efficiency estimates are then regressed on exogenous factors to gain insight into various issues impacting the debate over health-care reform in the US. Methodologically, we extend previous work by recognizing data envelopment analysis (DEA) efficiency scores as estimates, and by dealing with a censoring problem at the estimated technology frontier. We use annual data on US hospitals operated by the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), state and local governments, and for-profit as well as nonprofit organizations from 1985 to 1988. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Management Sci Grp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Econ, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Burgess, JF (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Management Sci Grp, Bedford, MA 01730 USA. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 5 PU INFOR PI DOWNSVIEW ONTARIO PA UNIV TORONTO PRESS, JOURNALS DEPT,5201 DUFFERIN ST, DOWNSVIEW ONTARIO, TORONTO M3H 5T8, CANADA SN 0315-5986 J9 INFOR JI Infor PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 3 BP 84 EP 102 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Operations Research & Management Science GA 123MF UT WOS:000076128400003 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Fischbach, M AF Escalante, A Fischbach, M TI Searching for the Gulf War Syndrome SO JCR-JOURNAL OF CLINICAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Escalante, A (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM escalanie@uihscsa.edu NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1076-1608 J9 JCR-J CLIN RHEUMATOL JI JCR-J. Clin. Rheumatol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 171 EP 172 DI 10.1097/00124743-199808000-00001 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 115ZT UT WOS:000075697000001 PM 19078284 ER PT J AU Alterman, AI McDermott, PA Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Boardman, CR McKay, JR Cook, TG AF Alterman, AI McDermott, PA Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Boardman, CR McKay, JR Cook, TG TI A typology of antisociality in methadone patients SO JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ADDICTION SEVERITY INDEX; III PERSONALITY-DISORDERS; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; SUBSTANCE-ABUSERS; RELIABILITY; VALIDITY; SCALE; SOCIOPATHY; ALCOHOLICS; ALGORITHMS AB Multistage cluster analyses with replications were used to sort score profiles of 252 methadone maintained men on 4 continuous measures of antisociality-childhood conduct disorder and adult antisocial personality disorder symptoms, the revised Psychopathy Checklist, and the Socialization scale of the California Psychological Inventory. The analysis yielded 6 replicable and temporally stable cluster groups varying in degree and pattern of antisociality. The groups were statistically compared on sets of external criterion variables-Addiction Severity Index measures of past and recent substance abuse and functioning and lifetime criminal history, Axis I and II symptomatology, anxiety and depression, object relations and reality testing, hostility, guilt, and machiavellianism. The expression of antisociality in the 6 groups and differences found among them on the external variables supported the validity of a more complex conceptualization of antisociality than is provided by antisocial personality disorder. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Alterman, AI (reprint author), Dept Psychiat, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM alterman@research.trc.upenn.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186, DA-05858] NR 63 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0021-843X J9 J ABNORM PSYCHOL JI J. Abnorm. Psychol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 107 IS 3 BP 412 EP 422 DI 10.1037/0021-843X.107.3.412 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 109BB UT WOS:000075300400005 PM 9715576 ER PT J AU Canver, CC Cooler, SD Nichols, RD AF Canver, CC Cooler, SD Nichols, RD TI The influence of cardiopulmonary function on outcome of veterans undergoing resectional therapy for lung cancer SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article DE lung neoplasms; veterans; treatment outcome; lung surgery ID MORTALITY; COMPLICATIONS; MORBIDITY; SURGERY AB Background. The unknown but presumably poor preoperative cardiopulmonary function of U.S, Armed Forces veterans with bronchogenic cancer may dissuade surgeons performing necessary major lung resection, The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative cardiopulmonary risk and the outcome of veterans undergoing pulmonary resection for bronchogenic carcinoma. Methods. A retrospective chart review a-as performed on 79 veterans who underwent lung resection for bronchogenic cancer between March 1990 and June 1995 Preoperative cardiac function was assessed by 1) history of heart disease (myocardial infarction, previous open heart surgery, and hypertension), 2) electrocardiogram, EKG, and 3) transthoracic echocardiography, TTE (ejection fraction and left ventricular wall motion abnormalities). Pulmonary reserve was evaluated by 1) history of lung disease (active smoking, known chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD), and 2) spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FEV1, and minute ventilation volume, MVV). Resections were performed by standard pulmonary techniques and follow-up data was available in all patients. Results. All patients were males except one, with a mean age of 66 +/- 1.0 yrs (range=32 to 81 yrs). Fifty-one patients (64.6%) had a history of COPD while one-third of the veterans were smoking and using excessive alcohol just prior to surgery. Twenty-four patients (29%) had abnormal preoperative EKG and only 10 (15%) had prior myocardial infarction, Eleven patients (13.9%) had undergone previous coronary bypass surgery. Average preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was 63 +/- 2% (range=41 to 80%) and left ventricular wall motion abnormalities were present in only 6 patients (8%), Mean preoperative FEV, was 2.2 +/- 0.1 L (range=0.6-4.1 L) and MVV was 87 +/- 4 L/min (range = 26-198 L/min). A lobectomy was performed in 68 patients (86.1%), pneumonectomy in 10 (12.7%), and wedge resection in 1 (1.2%). The most common types of cancer were squamous cell. (36 patients) and adenocarcinoma (31 patients). While pulmonary complications (atelectasis, prolonged air leak, pneumonia) occurred in 8 patients (10%), only two (3%) suffered nonpulmonary complications (ischemic bowel disease). For all veterans with bronchogenic canter, early (30-day) mortality after major lung resection was 3.9% (3/79): 1.5% (1/68) after lobectomy, and 20% (2/10) after pneumonectomy (p=not significant). Overall survival at 5 years was 39.5%. Conclusions. Preoperative cardiopulmonary risk for veterans with bronchogenic cancer is acceptable and lung resection can be performed with good outcomes in this distinct patient population. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Sect Cardiothorac Surg, Madison, WI USA. RP Canver, CC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Ctr Clin Sci, H4-352,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDIZIONI MINERVA MEDICA PI TURIN PA CORSO BRAMANTE 83-85 INT JOURNALS DEPT., 10126 TURIN, ITALY SN 0021-9509 J9 J CARDIOVASC SURG JI J. Cardiovasc. Surg. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 39 IS 4 BP 497 EP 501 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Surgery GA 125UF UT WOS:000076254900021 PM 9788800 ER PT J AU Ware, MF Wells, A Lauffenburger, DA AF Ware, MF Wells, A Lauffenburger, DA TI Epidermal growth factor alters fibroblast migration speed and directional persistence reciprocally and in a matrix-dependent manner SO JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE motility; growth factor; extracellular matrix ID SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; MAMMARY ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; CORNEAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PROSTATE CARCINOMA-CELLS; FACTOR RECEPTOR; EGF-RECEPTOR; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VITRO AB Growth factors stimulate sustained cell migration as well as inducing select acute motility-related events such as membrane ruffling and disruption of focal adhesions. However, an in-depth understanding of the characteristics of sustained migration that are regulated by growth factor signals is lacking: how the biochemical signals are related to physical processes underlying locomotion, and how these events are coordinately influenced by interplay between growth factor and matrix substratum signals. To address these issues, we studied sustained migration of NR6 fibroblasts on a complex human matrix substratum, Amgel, comparing effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) treatment across a range of Amgel levels. In the absence of EGF, cell migration speed and directional persistence are relatively independent of Amgel level, whereas in the presence of EGF speed is increased at intermediate Amgel levels but not at low and high Amgel levels while directional persistence is decreased at intermediate but not at low and high Amgel levels. The net effect of EGF is to increase the frequency of changes in the cell direction, and at the same time to slightly increase the path-length and thereby greatly enhance random dispersion of cells. Despite increasing migration speed during long-term sustained migration EGF treatment does not lead to significantly increased absolute rates of membrane extension in contrast to its well-known elicitation of membrane ruffling in the short term. However, EGF treatment does decrease cell spread area, yielding an apparent enhancement of specific membrane extension rate, i,e, normalized to cell spread area. Cell movement speed and directional persistence are thus, respectively, directly related and indirectly related to the increase in specific membrane extension rate (alternatively, the decrease in cell spread area) induced by EGF treatment during sustained migration,These results indicate that growth factor rind matrix substrata coordinately regulate sustained cell migration through combined governance of underlying physical processes. C1 MIT, Ctr Biomed Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Lauffenburger, DA (reprint author), MIT, Ctr Biomed Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM lauffen@mit.edu OI Wells, Alan/0000-0002-1637-8150 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA69213] NR 53 TC 106 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 8 PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4DL SN 0021-9533 J9 J CELL SCI JI J. Cell Sci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 111 BP 2423 EP 2432 PN 16 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 117AW UT WOS:000075758400013 PM 9683636 ER PT J AU Guo, ZM Heydari, AR Wu, WT Yang, H Sabia, MR Richardson, A AF Guo, ZM Heydari, AR Wu, WT Yang, H Sabia, MR Richardson, A TI Characterization of gene-specific DNA repair by primary cultures of rat hepatocytes SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOBUTANE PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; TRANSCRIPTION-COUPLED REPAIR; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MONOLAYER-CULTURE; ACTIVE GENE; STRAND; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; MUTATIONS AB At present, almost all the information on gene-specific DNA repair in mammals comes from studies with transformed cell lines and proliferating primary cells obtained from rodents and humans. In the present study, we measured the repair of specific DNA regions in primary cultures of nondividing rat hepatocytes (parenchymal cells). DNA damage was induced by irradiating the primary cultures of hepatocytes with ultraviolet (UV) light, and the presence of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) was measured by using T4 endonuclease V in the following: a 21-kb BamHI fragment containing the albumin gene, a 14-kb BamHI fragment containing the H-ras gene, and the genome overall. The frequency of CPDs in the two BamHI fragments and the genome overall were similar and ranged from 0.5 to 1.3 CPDs per 10 kb for UV doses of 5-30 J/m(2). However, the removal of CPDs from the DNA fragment containing the albumin gene was significantly higher than from that of the genome overall and the DNA fragment containing the H-ras gene. Within 24 hr, approximately 67% of the CPDs was removed from the DNA fragment containing the albumin gene versus less than 40% for the genome overall and the DNA fragment containing the H-ras gene. The lower repair observed for the 14-kb fragment containing the H-ras gene is probably indicative of repair of the nontranscribed region of this fragment because the H-ras gene makes up only 2.4 kb of the 14-kb fragment. Primary cultures of hepatocytes removed CPDs from the transcribed strand of albumin fragment more efficiently than from the nontranscribed strand; however, no differences were observed in the repair of the two strands of the fragment containing the H-ras gene. These results demonstrate that primary cultures of nondividing rat hepatocytes show differential repair of UV-induced DNA damage that is comparable to what has been reported for transformed, proliferating mammalian cell lines. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01548, AG15134] NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 176 IS 2 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199808)176:2<314::AID-JCP9>3.0.CO;2-R PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA ZV411 UT WOS:000074301900009 PM 9648918 ER PT J AU Abboud, SL Woodruff, KA Choudhury, GG AF Abboud, SL Woodruff, KA Choudhury, GG TI Retroviral-mediated gene transfer of CSF-1 into op/op stromal cells to correct defective in vitro osteoclastogenesis SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; OP OP MOUSE; BONE-MARROW; FACTOR-I; HUMAN GLUCOCEREBROSIDASE; OSTEOBLASTIC CELLS; GROWTH-FACTORS; CODING REGION; EXPRESSION; MICE AB Colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) released by stromal cells in the bone microenvironment is essential for the proliferation of osteoclast progenitors. in op/op mutant mice, a thymidine insertion in the coding sequence of the CSF-1 gene results in CSF-1 deficiency that in turn leads to decreased osteoclast production and osteopetrosis. Because the osteopetrotic defect is due to the failure of stromal cells to produce CSF-1, we determined if retroviral-mediated gene transfer of the wild-type CSF-1 cDNA into op/op stromal cells would restore their ability to support osteoclast formation in vitro. A retroviral vector, L-CSF-1-SN, was constructed by inserting 1,867 bp of the wild-type CSF-1 cDNA into pLXSN. After transduction with L-CSF-1-SN or LXSN constructs, a stable PA317 packaging cell line that produced a high viral titre was isolated. Viral supernatant from this line was used to infect op/op bone marrow stromal cells. Stable L-CSF-1-SN op/op stromal clones overexpressed CSF-1 mRNA and released CSF-1 into conditioned medium, compared with no CSF-1 released by LXSN op/op stroma. The amount of CSF-1 produced by two clones was similar to the physiologic level released by normal littermate stroma. Southern blot analysis confirmed the presence of intact proviral sequences in transduced cells. In coculture assays, L-CSF-1-SN, but not LXSN, op/op stromal cells supported the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells in the absence of exogenous CSF-1. These findings indicate that genetically engineered stromal cells may be used to improve defective osteoclastogenesis and suggest that targeting stromal cells to bone is a potentially useful therapeutic modality for treating bone disorders. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Abboud, SL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR042306, AR42306]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK50190] NR 45 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 176 IS 2 BP 323 EP 331 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199808)176:2<323::AID-JCP10>3.3.CO;2-T PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA ZV411 UT WOS:000074301900010 PM 9648919 ER PT J AU Kalechstein, AD Hinkin, CH van Gorp, WG Castellon, SA Satz, P AF Kalechstein, AD Hinkin, CH van Gorp, WG Castellon, SA Satz, P TI Depression predicts procedural but not episodic memory in HIV-1 infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PARKINSONS-DISEASE; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; FRONTAL-LOBE; SYMPTOMS; HYPOMETABOLISM; PERFORMANCE; INDIVIDUALS; SKILL; MOTOR AB Forty-three homosexual/bisexual males with HIV-1 infection participated in a study that sought to determine: (1) whether increased levels of self-reported depressive symptomatology were associated with poorer performance on episodic or procedural memory tasks, (2) the relative strength of association between the affective/cognitive or somatic symptoms of depression and memory deficits and level of immunosuppression, and (3) whether increased depression or neuropsychological deficits are associated with degree of immunosuppression. Linear regression analyses revealed that increased affective/cognitive symptomatology was correlated with poorer performance on a procedural memory task, but was not correlated with performance on an episodic memory task or degree of immunosuppression. In contrast, somatic symptoms showed the strongest association with level of immunosuppression, but were not correlated with performance on the memory tasks. These findings underscore the complex interplay between neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological symptomatology in HIV-1 infection. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Cornell Univ, Med Ctr, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kalechstein, AD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Drug Abuse Res Ctr, 1100 Glendon Ave,Suite 763, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU CSR NIH HHS [RG000974]; NIDA NIH HHS [2T32 DA07272]; NIMH NIH HHS [R03 MH54465] NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3395 J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 20 IS 4 BP 529 EP 535 DI 10.1076/jcen.20.4.529.1473 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 153JY UT WOS:000077831000010 PM 9892056 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN Mann, SC McCarthy, M Naser, N Rynn, M Morrison, M AF Caroff, SN Mann, SC McCarthy, M Naser, N Rynn, M Morrison, M TI Acute infectious encephalitis complicated by neuroleptic malignant syndrome SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID VIRAL ENCEPHALOPATHY; AIDS PATIENT C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Psychiat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 116A Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 20 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 18 IS 4 BP 349 EP 351 DI 10.1097/00004714-199808000-00022 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 102VK UT WOS:000074946000020 PM 9690707 ER PT J AU Deirmenjian, JM Erhart, SM Wirshing, DA Spellberg, BJ Wirshing, WC AF Deirmenjian, JM Erhart, SM Wirshing, DA Spellberg, BJ Wirshing, WC TI Olanzapine-induced reversible priaprism: A case report SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID INDUCED PRIAPISM; RISPERIDONE C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Deirmenjian, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 14 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 18 IS 4 BP 351 EP 353 DI 10.1097/00004714-199808000-00023 PG 3 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 102VK UT WOS:000074946000021 PM 9690708 ER PT J AU Conde, MV Williams, JW Mulrow, CD AF Conde, MV Williams, JW Mulrow, CD TI Targeting depression interviewing - Reply SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Conde, MV (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 13 IS 8 BP 572 EP 572 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 113UQ UT WOS:000075572300012 ER PT J AU Corbitt, J Vivekananda, J Wang, SS Strong, R AF Corbitt, J Vivekananda, J Wang, SS Strong, R TI Transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression during persistent stimulation of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide receptors on PC12 cells: Regulation by protein kinase A-dependent and protein kinase A-independent pathways SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE tyrosine hydroxylase; tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA; pituitary adenylate cyclase; activating polypeptide (PACAP); gene transcription; mRNA stability ID ADRENAL CHROMAFFIN CELLS; NERVE GROWTH-FACTOR; SUPERIOR CERVICAL-GANGLION; DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; MESSENGER-RNA STABILITY; COLD STRESS; SHORT-TERM; 3'-UNTRANSLATED REGION; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELLS; NEURITE OUTGROWTH AB Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) stimulates catecholamine release and biosynthesis in sympathetic postganglionic cells. Moreover, PACAP receptor activation in cultured adrenal chromaffin and superior cervical ganglion cells has been reported to increase the expression of the gene coding for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. However, the relative contribution of transcriptional and posttranscriptional mechanisms to the effects of PACAP on TH gene expression has not been evaluated. Therefore, in this study we compared the temporal effects of PACAP on TH gene transcription with the duration of its effects on TH mRNA levels. We had previously shown that vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, peptide histidine isoleucine, and secretin, peptides closely related to PACAP, induce TH gene expression through a cyclic AMP (cAMP)-dependent pathway. Therefore, using a mutant PC12 cell line deficient in cAMP-dependent protein kinase II (PKA),we also evaluated the role of the cAMP pathway in the effect of PACAP on TH gene expression. Continuous treatment of wildtype PC12 cells with PACAP (1 nM) increased TH mRNA levels maximally by 12 h and maintained TH mRNA at near maximal levels for at least 2 days. In contrast, the rate of TH gene transcription, as measured by a nuclear run-on assay, was maximal by 1 h and returned to basal levels by 3 h, The fact that a new steady-state level of TH mRNA was achieved and maintained for days in the absence of a sustained increase in TH gene transcription supports the involvement of posttranscriptional mechanisms. Removal of PACAP after 12 h, a time at which TH gene transcription was at basal levers, resulted in a subsequent return of TH mRNA to unstimulated levels within 36 h. Thus, continuous PACAP stimulation is required to maintain sustained increases in TH mRNA levels in the absence of a sustained elevation of transcription. To examine the role of the cAMP pathway in these effects, we compared the effects of PACAP in wild-type PC12 cells and in a mutant PC12 cell line (A126-1B2) that is deficient in PKA. PACAP failed to stimulate either TH mRNA levels or TH gene transcription in the mutant cells, In contrast to the effects of PACAP, dexamethasone increased TH mRNA levels by the same magnitude in both cell lines. It is noteworthy that stimulation of the PKA-deficient mutant cells with a combination of PACAP and dexamethasone (1 mu M) produced a synergistic increase in TH mRNA levels, which was nearly twice that induced by dexamethasone stimulation alone. This synergistic effect was not transcriptionally mediated. The effect of the combined treatment on TH gene transcription was identical to the effect of dexamethasone alone. Taken together, these data indicate that PACAP regulates TH gene expression through a transcriptional mechanism requiring an intact cAMP pathway and through posttranscriptional mechanisms under the control of a cAMP-independent pathway(s). C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Strong, R (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 09557]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 52543] NR 58 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 71 IS 2 BP 478 EP 486 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 102FB UT WOS:000074912800004 PM 9681437 ER PT J AU Asch, DA AF Asch, DA TI Tensions between the theory and practice of palliative care - Commentary SO JOURNAL OF PAIN AND SYMPTOM MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID ASSISTED SUICIDE; EUTHANASIA C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Asch, DA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 317 Ralston House,3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0885-3924 J9 J PAIN SYMPTOM MANAG JI J. Pain Symptom Manage. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 2 BP 135 EP 136 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal; Clinical Neurology SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 113VG UT WOS:000075574100013 PM 9737107 ER PT J AU Daws, LC Toney, GM Gerhardt, GA Frazer, A AF Daws, LC Toney, GM Gerhardt, GA Frazer, A TI In vivo chronoamperometric measures of extracellular serotonin clearance in rat dorsal hippocampus: Contribution of serotonin and norepinephrine transporters SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID FREELY MOVING RATS; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; UPTAKE INHIBITORS; FIBER ELECTRODES; DOPAMINE; STRIATUM; BRAIN; ANTIDEPRESSANT; DEPRESSION; REUPTAKE AB The effects of blockade of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) transporters (SERT and NET, respectively) on the removal of locally applied 5-HT from extracellular fluid (ECF) were examined using in vivo chronoamperometry. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were anesthetized with chloratose/urethane, and a Nafion-coated, carbon fiber electrode attached to a multibarrel micropipette was positioned into either the dentate gyrus or CA3 region of the dorsal hippocampus. Pressure ejection of 5-HT elicited reproducible electrochemical signals of similar peak amplitude and time course in both structures. Local application of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) fluvoxamine and citalopram prolonged the clearance of 5-HT in both brain regions and also increased signal amplitude in the CA3 region. These effects were abolished in rats pretreated with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT), a selective 5-HT neurotoxin. The NE uptake inhibitors desipramine (DMI) and protriptyline did not alter the 5-HT signal in the CA3 region but prolonged the clearance of 5-HT in the dentate gyrus; this effect was absent in rats pretreated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a selective catecholamine neurotoxin. The prolongation of the removal of 5-HT from the ECF in the dentate gyrus caused by fluvoxamine or desipramine was of comparable magnitude and was dose dependent. Furthermore, per picomole of 5-HT applied, the signal amplitude and clearance time were significantly increased in the dentate gyrus of rats lesioned with either 5,7-DHT or 6-OHDA. Only 5,7-DHT treatment caused this effect in the CA3 region. From these data, it is inferred that in certain regions of brain (dentate gyrus), both the SERT and NET contribute to the active clearance of exogenously applied 5-HT. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Neurosci Training Program, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Neurosci Training Program, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Rocky Mt Ctr Sensor Technol, Denver, CO USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Daws, LC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG06434]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH29094]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS09199] NR 40 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 286 IS 2 BP 967 EP 976 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 110BP UT WOS:000075359600051 PM 9694957 ER PT J AU Letran, JL Blase, AB Loberiza, FR Meyer, GE Ransom, SD Brawer, MK AF Letran, JL Blase, AB Loberiza, FR Meyer, GE Ransom, SD Brawer, MK TI Repeat ultrasound guided prostate needle biopsy: Use of free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio in predicting prostatic carcinoma SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate-specific antigen; prostatic neoplasms; biopsy, needle ID CANCER; SERUM; MEN; DENSITY AB Purpose: Despite being the most useful tumor marker for the diagnosis of patients with prostate cancer, serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) is still hampered by lack of specificity. A negative prostate biopsy is associated with a 20 to 40% incidence of positive repeat biopsy in men with persistently elevated serum PSA levels. We determine whether the free-to-total PSA ratio could be predictive of prostate cancer in men undergoing repeat biopsy. Materials and Methods: Archival sera, drawn before the first biopsy, were gathered from 51 men with a total serum PSA of 2 to 15 ng./ml. who underwent repeat prostate needle biopsy for various indications. The percent free PSA was calculated using the Hybritech Tandem-R dagger free and total PSA as well as Dianon Systems free double dagger and Hybritech total PSA assays. The free-to-total PSA ratio results between the cancer and noncancer groups were compared using Student's t test. Results: The median Hybritech free-to-total PSA ratio was significantly lower in patients with positive repeat prostate needle biopsy compared to those with negative biopsy (14.9 versus 19.4%, p = 0.05). Total PSA as well as the percent Dianon free-to-Hybritech total PSA ratio were not significantly different between the 2 groups of men. Conclusions: For total PSA in the range of 2 to 15 ng./ml. Hybritech free-to-total PSA ratio appeared to aid in the prediction of cancer on repeat biopsy. C1 Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. Hybritech Inc, San Diego, CA USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Psychiat Prevent Med, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Brawer, MK (reprint author), NW Prostate Inst, 1560 N 115th St,Suite 209, Seattle, WA 98133 USA. NR 20 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 160 IS 2 BP 426 EP 429 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62915-X PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 102MM UT WOS:000074928200036 PM 9679891 ER PT J AU Wagner, CT Durante, W Christodoulides, N Hellums, JD Schafer, AI AF Wagner, CT Durante, W Christodoulides, N Hellums, JD Schafer, AI TI Hemodynamic forces induce the expression of heme oxygenase in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Rice Univ, Cox Lab Biomed Engn, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1018-1172 J9 J VASC RES JI J. Vasc. Res. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 35 SU 2 MA p75 BP 42 EP 42 PG 1 WC Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Physiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 136YN UT WOS:000076886800163 ER PT J AU Moore, SA Lopez, A Richardson, A Pahlavani, MA AF Moore, SA Lopez, A Richardson, A Pahlavani, MA TI Effect of age and dietary restriction on expression of heat shock protein 70 in rat alveolar macrophages SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE aging; dietary restriction; macrophage; heat shock protein; rat ID PERITONEAL-MACROPHAGES; SPLEEN LYMPHOCYTES; SUPEROXIDE ANION; MICE; ADHERENCE; INVITRO; TRANSCRIPTION; INTERLEUKIN-2; RETARDATION; MODULATION AB Dietary restriction (DR) is the only effective experimental manipulation known to retard aging in rodents, and this manipulation has been shown to alter a variety of processes that change with age. However, there is no information on the effect of DR on macrophage function. In the present study, the effect of aging and DR on the ability of alveolar macrophages (AMs) to express the heat shock gene, hsp70 was studied. AMs were isolated by lavage from the lungs of young (4-6 months) and old (24-26 months) rats fed either ad libitum (AL) or a restricted diet (60% of AL). There was no age-related change in the number of cells recovered from young and old rats fed AL. However, the number of cells recovered from the lungs of the DR rats was reduced, and this decrease was statistically significant in young rats. The expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) was measured by the level of the hsp70 mRNA transcript in total RNA isolated from AMs cultured under two conditions: in suspension and after adherence to plastic. When AMs were incubated at 37 degrees C in suspension, no detectable hsp70 expression was observed; however, hsp70 expression was induced at 37 degrees C when the AMs adhered to the plastic culture dishes. Hsp70 mRNA levels were rapidly induced by heat shock (43 degrees C, 1 h) in AMs cultured both in suspension and on plastic. The induction of hsp70 expression did not change significantly with either age or DR in AMs cultured in suspension. In contrast, the induction of hsp70 mRNA levels by AMs adherent to plastic culture plates decreased approximately 70% with age, and hsp70 induction was greater in AMs isolated from DR rats; this difference was statistically significant in young rats. The induction of hsp70 by heat shock (43 degrees C, 1 h) also decreased with age in the adherent AMs, and DR increased the induction of hsp70 expression three- to fourfold in adherent AMs from both young and old rats. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pahlavani, MA (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM pahlavani@uthscsa.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG00677, AG01548, AG00205] NR 59 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing. Dev. PD AUG 1 PY 1998 VL 104 IS 1 BP 59 EP 73 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00052-9 PG 15 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 112AQ UT WOS:000075471800005 PM 9751432 ER PT J AU Petersen, LA Burstin, HR O'Neil, AC Orav, EJ Brennan, TA AF Petersen, LA Burstin, HR O'Neil, AC Orav, EJ Brennan, TA TI Nonurgent emergency department visits - The effect of having a regular doctor SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 28, 1994 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE primary health care; emergency services, hospital; emergency department utilization; health services need; choice behavior; emergency medicine; adult ID PUBLIC HOSPITAL EMERGENCY; PRIMARY-CARE; ROOM USE; MEDICAL-CARE; ACCESS AB OBJECTIVES. The authors assess the association between having a regular doctor and presentation for nonurgent versus urgent emergency department visits while controlling for potential confounders such as sociodemographics, health status, and comorbidity. METHODS. A cross-sectional study was conducted in emergency departments of five urban teaching hospitals in the northeast. Adult patients presenting with chest pain, abdominal pain, or asthma (n = 1696; 88% of eligible) were studied. Patients completed a survey on presentation, reporting sociodemographics, health status, comorbid diseases, and relationship with a regular doctor. Urgency on presentation was assessed by chart review using explicit criteria. RESULTS. Of the 1,696 study participants, 852 (50%) presented with nonurgent complaints. In logistic regression analyses, absence of a relationship with a regular physician was an independent correlate of presentation for a nonurgent emergency department visit (odds ratio 1.6; 95% confidence interval 1.2, 2.2) when controlling for age, gender, marital status, health status, and comorbid diseases. Race, lack of insurance, and education were not associated with nonurgent use. CONCLUSIONS. Absence of a relationship with a regular doctor was correlated with use of the emergency department for selected nonurgent conditions when controlling for important potential confounders. Our study suggests that maintaining a relationship with a regular physician may reduce nonurgent use of the emergency department regardless of insurance status or health status. C1 Brockton W Roxbury Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, W Roxbury, MA USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Gen Med & Primary Care, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Clin Initiat Dev Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Petersen, LA (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev 152, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 25 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1249 EP 1255 DI 10.1097/00005650-199808000-00012 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 107RY UT WOS:000075224200012 PM 9708596 ER PT J AU Viviani, MA De Marie, S Graybill, JR Yamaguchi, H Anaissie, E Caillot, D AF Viviani, MA De Marie, S Graybill, JR Yamaguchi, H Anaissie, E Caillot, D TI New approaches to antifungal chemotherapy SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XIVth Congress of the International-Society-for-Human-and-Animal-Mycology CY JUN 08-13, 1997 CL PARMA, ITALY SP Int Soc Human & Anim Mycol DE antifungal chemotherapy; invasive mycoses; lipid-based amphotericin B; new antifungals; antifungal combined therapy ID INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RESISTANT CANDIDA-ALBICANS; LIPOSOMAL AMPHOTERICIN-B; IN-VITRO ACTIVITY; MURINE CRYPTOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; SYSTEMIC FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; ANTIBIOTIC BENANOMICIN-A; CELL-WALL SYNTHESIS; AIR CRESCENT SIGN AB The antifungal agents currently available to treat invasive fungal infections are limited in both number and usefulness. Treatment with the polyene amphotericin B (AmB), and with several azoles, in particular fluconazole and itraconazole, is the mainstay of antifungal chemotherapy. However, the clinical usefulness of these drugs is hampered by drawbacks associated with their safety and/or efficacy. There are two approaches to overcome this situation. One is to discover and develop new antifungal agents or formulations with advantages over and/or complementary to existing drugs. For this purpose, the following three categories of new drugs have been the major targets of study and development: (i) lipid formulations of polyenes, (ii) azoles (including cyclodextrin-complexes), and (iii) nonazole compounds, particularly those of microbial origin (antibiotics). C1 Univ Milano, Ist Igiene & Med Prevent, Milano, Italy. Univ Rotterdam Hosp, Dept Med Microbiol & Infect Dis, Rotterdam, Netherlands. Univ Texas, Dept Infect Dis, Ctr Hlth Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Vet Adm Hosp, San Antonio, TX USA. Teikyo Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Tokyo 173, Japan. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Canc Res Ctr, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Ctr Hosp Reg Univ, Hop Bocage, Serv Hematol Clin, Dijon, France. RP Viviani, MA (reprint author), Univ Milano, Ist Igiene & Med Prevent, Milano, Italy. NR 176 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 SU 1 BP 194 EP 206 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 115LG UT WOS:000075665900022 PM 9988508 ER PT J AU McGinnis, MR Pasarell, L Sutton, DA Fothergill, AW Cooper, CR Rinaldi, MG AF McGinnis, MR Pasarell, L Sutton, DA Fothergill, AW Cooper, CR Rinaldi, MG TI In vitro activity of voriconazole against selected fungi SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amphotericin B; fluconazole; itraconazole; voriconazole ID IN-VITRO; EXPERIMENTAL-MODEL; ANTIFUNGAL AGENT; UK-109,496; FLUCONAZOLE; TRIAZOLE; ASPERGILLOSIS; ITRACONAZOLE AB Fifty-nine isolates consisting of 14 genera and 33 species of ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, and zygomycetes were tested against amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole using an in vitro modified macrobroth dilution procedure based upon the NCCLS M27-A standard method for yeasts. The triazoles voriconazole and itraconazole had similar MIC values, except for Acremonium alabamensis, A. strictum, Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani and Wangiella dermatitidis, which had substantially lower voriconazole MIC values. Voriconazole MIC values were lower than those for itraconazole for the 17 species of Trichosporon tested. Fluconazole had high MIC values, often greater than 128 mu g ml(-1). C1 Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. WHO, Collaborating Ctr Trop Dis, Galveston, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Clin Microbiol Labs, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP McGinnis, MR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Med Branch, Dept Pathol, 301 Univ Blvd,Keiller Bldg 1-116, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 17 TC 64 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 36 IS 4 BP 239 EP 242 DI 10.1080/02681219880000361 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 112LA UT WOS:000075495100008 PM 9776841 ER PT J AU Hahn, TM Breininger, JF Baskin, DG Schwartz, MW AF Hahn, TM Breininger, JF Baskin, DG Schwartz, MW TI Coexpression of Agrp and NPY in fasting-activated hypothalamic neurons SO NATURE NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NEUROPEPTIDE-Y; MESSENGER-RNA; ARCUATE NUCLEUS; EXPRESSION; LEPTIN; OBESITY; AGOUTI; MICE; RECEPTOR; MOUSE C1 Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Dept Med, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012; Wilkinson, Stuart/C-2802-2013 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-12829, DK-52989]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-32273] NR 15 TC 667 Z9 681 U1 2 U2 27 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1097-6256 J9 NAT NEUROSCI JI Nat. Neurosci. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 1 IS 4 BP 271 EP 272 PG 2 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 127QD UT WOS:000076361300007 PM 10195157 ER PT J AU Rogers, PL AF Rogers, PL TI Developing a curriculum for medical students in critical care medicine SO NEW HORIZONS-THE SCIENCE AND PRACTICE OF ACUTE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE curriculum; education; students, medical; teaching; feedback; educational measurement; clinical clerkship; ICU; learning; clinical clerkship ID STRUCTURED CLINICAL EXAMINATION; RELIABILITY; COMPETENCE; EDUCATION AB Medical students need to learn the cognitive and psychomotor skills necessary to assess patients with life-threatening illness, initiate therapies to stabilize the patient, and develop management plans to deliver care, When organizing a curriculum, faculty should develop clear educational objectives, organize specific learning experiences, motivate the students, and develop tools to evaluate performance and provide feedback. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Rogers, PL (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 124U, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1063-7389 J9 NEW HORIZ-SCI PRACT JI New Horiz.-Sci. Pract. Acute Med. PD AUG PY 1998 VL 6 IS 3 BP 248 EP 254 PG 7 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 126YP UT WOS:000076323200004 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ Grant, EG AF Duerinckx, AJ Grant, EG TI Cost of PACS and computed radiography in the United States SO RADIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Magnet Resonance Imaging Clin, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Magnet Resonance Imaging Clin, Serv Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Mail Route W114,Bldg 507, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 5 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU RADIOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PI EASTON PA 20TH AND NORTHAMPTON STS, EASTON, PA 18042 USA SN 0033-8419 J9 RADIOLOGY JI Radiology PD AUG PY 1998 VL 208 IS 2 BP 554 EP 555 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 101WP UT WOS:000074891400055 PM 9680596 ER PT J AU Durante, W Liao, L Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Liao, L Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI TI Thrombin stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell polyamine synthesis by inducing cationic amino acid transporter and ornithine decarboxylase gene expression SO CIRCULATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE thrombin; L-ornithine; polyamine; proliferation ID ECOTROPIC RETROVIRUS RECEPTOR; GROWTH-FACTOR; PROLIFERATION; INDUCTION; PROTEIN; IDENTIFICATION; MITOGENESIS; MEMBRANE; HEPARIN; DOMAIN AB Thrombin, a serine protease, is a potent mitogen for vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), but its mechanism of action is not known. Since L-ornithine is metabolized to growth-stimulatory polyamines, we examined whether thrombin regulates the transcellular transport and metabolism of L-ornithine by vascular SMCs. Treatment of SMCs with thrombin initially (0 to 2 hours) decreased L-ornithine uptake, whereas longer exposures (6 to 24 hours) progressively increased transport. Kinetic studies indicated that thrombin-induced inhibition was associated with a decrease in affinity for L-ornithine, whereas stimulation was mediated by an increase in transport capacity. Thrombin induced the expression of both cationic amino acid transporter (CAT)-1 and CAT-2 mRNA. Furthermore, thrombin stimulated L-ornithine metabolism by inducing ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) mRNA expression and activity. The stimulatory effect of thrombin on both L-ornithine transport and ODC activity was reversed by hirudin, a thrombin inhibitor, and was mimicked by a 14-amino acid thrombin receptor-activating peptide. Thrombin also markedly increased the capacity of SMCs to generate putrescine, a polyamine, from extracellular L-ornithine. The thrombin-mediated increase in putrescine production was reversed by N-G-methyl-L-arginine, a competitive inhibitor of cationic amino acid transport, or by cu-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO), an ODC inhibitor. DFMO also inhibited thrombin-induced SMC proliferation. These results demonstrate that thrombin stimulates polyamine synthesis by inducing CAT and ODC gene expression and that thrombin-stimulated SMC proliferation is dependent on polyamine formation. The ability of thrombin to upregulate L-ornithine transport and direct its metabolism to growth-stimulatory polyamines may contribute to postangioplasty restenosis and atherosclerotic lesion formation. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Durante, W (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, Bldg 109,Room 128,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-36045] NR 42 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7330 J9 CIRC RES JI Circ.Res. PD JUL 27 PY 1998 VL 83 IS 2 BP 217 EP 223 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Hematology GA 103HP UT WOS:000075152100012 PM 9686762 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, R van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, R van Kammen, DP TI Reduced level of plasma antioxidant uric acid in schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE haloperidol; antioxidant defense system; plasma uric acid; psychosis ID CELL MEMBRANE DYNAMICS; DRUG-FREE PATIENTS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; BLOOD; URATE; INHIBITION; DISMUTASE; ASCORBATE; PSYCHOSIS AB There is evidence of dysregulation of the antioxidant defense system in schizophrenia. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether uric acid, a potent antioxidant, is reduced in the plasma of patients with schizophrenia. To this end, a within-subject, repeated measures, on-off-on haloperidol treatment design was utilized. Male schizophrenic patients with either a haloperidol treatment (n = 47) or a drug-free condition (n = 35) had significantly lower levels of plasma uric acid than the age- and sex-matched normal control subjects (n = 34). Following haloperidol withdrawal, plasma uric acid levels were further reduced in schizophrenic patients (P = 0.018; paired t-test, n = 35). However, no relationship was found between uric acid levels and the length of the drug-free period (<5 or > 5 weeks) or days drug free. In addition, the plasma levels of uric acid in patient groups were significantly and inversely correlated with psychosis. There was a trend for lower uric acid levels in relapsed patients relative to clinically stable patients. Smoking, which can modify plasma antioxidant capacity, was not found to have prominent effects on uric acid levels. The present finding of a significant decrease of a selective antioxidant provides additional support to the hypothesis that oxidative stress in schizophrenia may be due to a defect in the antioxidant defense system. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Yao, JK (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 113A,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM jkyao@vms.cis.pitt.edu NR 42 TC 69 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD JUL 27 PY 1998 VL 80 IS 1 BP 29 EP 39 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(98)00051-1 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 110KG UT WOS:000075379500003 PM 9727961 ER PT J AU Mulrow, CD AF Mulrow, CD TI Evidence based case report - Helping an obese patient make informed choices SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID WEIGHT-LOSS; WOMEN; MORTALITY C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Mulrow, CD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM mulrowc@uthscsa.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-8138 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JUL 25 PY 1998 VL 317 IS 7153 BP 266 EP 267 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 105PG UT WOS:000075081900029 PM 9677222 ER PT J AU Sturm, NR Fleischmann, J Campbell, DA AF Sturm, NR Fleischmann, J Campbell, DA TI Efficient trans-splicing of mutated spliced leader exons in Leishmania tarentolae SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MINI-EXON; TRYPANOSOMA-BRUCEI; IN-VIVO; LEPTOMONAS-COLLOSOMA; MESSENGER-RNAS; GENE; EXPRESSION; ELEMENTS; TRANSCRIPTION; METHYLATIONS AB Every kinetoplastid mRNA receives a common, conserved leader sequence via the process of trans-splicing. In Leishmania tarentolae the precursor spliced leader RNA is 96 nucleotides, with a 39-nucleotide exon that is 7meG-capped and methylated on the first 4 nucleotides. trans-Splicing was inferred from the presence of tagged leader in the high molecular weight RNA population and confirmed for accuracy by cDNA cloning. Linker scan substitutions within the exon between positions 10 and 39 did not affect trans-splicing. The trans-splicing efficiency for three of the scan exons was proportional to the tagged:wild type ratio in the spliced leader precursor population. Two scan leader RNAs that were efficiently spliced showed reduced methylation. Longer exons showed reduced splicing, whereas 10- or 20-base pair deletions abolished splicing. These results indicate that size, but not content, of the exon is a constraint on the splicing process. These results, in combination with previous data eliminating a role in transcription initiation, suggest that translation may be the selective pressure on the leader content. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Campbell, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI34536, 2-T32-AI-07323] NR 29 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUL 24 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 30 BP 18689 EP 18692 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.30.18689 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 103TV UT WOS:000074974700004 PM 9668037 ER PT J AU Gordon, LK Levin, LA AF Gordon, LK Levin, LA TI Visual loss in giant cell arteritis SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL ARTERITIS; POLYMYALGIA-RHEUMATICA; BIOPSY FINDINGS; PROGNOSIS; DIAGNOSIS C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Hosp, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Levin, LA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 25 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 22 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 4 BP 385 EP 386 DI 10.1001/jama.280.4.385 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 100FC UT WOS:000074804200044 PM 9686559 ER PT J AU Bonadonna, RC Saccomani, MP Del Prato, S Bonora, E DeFronzo, RA Cobelli, C AF Bonadonna, RC Saccomani, MP Del Prato, S Bonora, E DeFronzo, RA Cobelli, C TI Role of tissue-specific blood flow and tissue recruitment in insulin-mediated glucose uptake of human skeletal muscle SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE blood flow; insulin; glucose; muscles ID NITRIC-OXIDE RELEASE; ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION; ORAL GLUCOSE; RESISTANCE; TRANSPORT; VASODILATION; MECHANISM; HYPERINSULINEMIA; GLYCOLYSIS; OXIDATION AB Background-Conflicting evidence exist concerning whether insulin-induced vasodilation plays a mechanistic role in the regulation of limb glucose uptake. It can be predicted that if insulin augments blood flow by causing tissue recruitment, this mechanism would enhance limb glucose uptake. Methods and Results-Twenty healthy subjects were studied with the forearm perfusion technique in combination with the euglycemic insulin clamp technique. Ten subjects were studied at physiological insulin concentrations (approximate to 400 pmol/L) and the other 10 at supraphysiological insulin concentrations (approximate to 5600 pmoI/L). Four additional subjects underwent a saline control study. Pulse injections of a nonmetabolizable extracellular marker (1-[H-3]-L-glucose) were administered into the brachial artery, and its washout curves were measured in one ipsilateral deep forearm Vein and used to estimate the extracellular volume of distribution and hence the amount of muscle tissue drained by the deep forearm vein. Both during saline infusion and at physiological levels of hyperinsulinemia we observed no changes in blood flow and/or muscle tissue drained by the deep forearm vein. However, supraphysiological hyperinsulinemia accelerated total forearm blood flow (45.0+/-1.8 versus 36.5+/-1.3 mL.min(-1).kg(-1), P<0.01) and increased the amount of muscle tissue drained by the deep forearm vein (305+/-46 versus 229+/-32 g, P<0.05). The amount of tissue newly recruited by insulin was strongly correlated to the concomitant increase in tissue glucose uptake (r=0.789, P<0.01). Conclusions-Acceleration of forearm blood flow mediated by supraphysiological hyperinsulinemia is accompanied by tissue recruitment, which may be a relevant determinant of forearm (muscle) glucose uptake. C1 Univ Verona, Div Endocrinol & Metab Dis, I-37100 Verona, Italy. Azienda Osped Verona, Verona, Italy. Univ Padua, Dept Elect & Informat, I-35100 Padua, Italy. Univ Padua, Div Metab Dis, I-35100 Padua, Italy. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Diabet, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Bonadonna, RC (reprint author), Osped Civile Maggiore, Div Endocrinol & Metab Dis, Piazzale Stefani 1, I-37126 Verona, Italy. EM malmetab@borgotrento.univr.it RI Del Prato, Stefano/K-3405-2016 OI Del Prato, Stefano/0000-0002-5388-0270; BONORA, Enzo/0000-0003-1074-5164 FU NCRR NIH HHS [RRMO1RR1346]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 24092] NR 48 TC 83 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JUL 21 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 3 BP 234 EP 241 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 108YD UT WOS:000075293300008 PM 9697823 ER PT J AU Morita, R Miyazaki, E Fong, CYG Chen, XN Korenberg, JR Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K AF Morita, R Miyazaki, E Fong, CYG Chen, XN Korenberg, JR Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K TI JH8, a gene highly homologous to the mouse jerky gene, maps to the region for childhood absence epilepsy on 8q24 SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL NEONATAL CONVULSIONS; CENP-B; SEIZURES; MICE; MUTANT; IDENTIFICATION; RECEPTOR; PROTEIN; LOCUS; CDNA AB Insertional inactivation of the jerky gene in transgenic mice resulted epileptic seizures, suggesting that the jerky gene was responsible for mouse epilepsy. To isolate a human homologue of the jerky gene, we screened an Expressed Sequence Tag (EST) database using the cDNA sequence of the mouse jerky gene and identified several EST clones which contained homologous sequences to mouse jerky gene. Using a clone which showed highest homology as a probe, we isolated cDNA clones from a human fetal brain cDNA library. Sequence analysis of these clones named JH8 (jerky homologue of Human on chromosome 8) indicated that it encoded a putative protein with 520 amino acid residues. The JH8 gene has 77% identity to the mouse jerky gene at the DNA level, and its protein has 76% identity and 84% similarity to the mouse protein at the amino acid level. Northern blot analysis showed that the JH8 gene is expressed ubiquitously with a major transcript of about 9.5 kb in size, Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (FISH) analysis and radiation hybrid panel mapping revealed that the JH8 gene was located on chromosome band 8q24.3 in a region that was syntenic to mouse chromosome 15, the mapping site of the mouse jerky gene. Childhood Absence Epilepsy (CAE), one type of Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy (IGE), has been mapped to chromosome 8q24,3 by linkage analysis. These results suggest that JH8 is a strong candidate gene for CAE. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Cedars Sinai Res Inst, Div Med Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RP Yamakawa, K (reprint author), Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015 FU NICHD NIH HHS [P01 HD17449]; NINDS NIH HHS [5PO1-NS21908] NR 37 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JUL 20 PY 1998 VL 248 IS 2 BP 307 EP 314 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1998.8947 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 103HG UT WOS:000075151500019 PM 9675132 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Roland, M AF Shekelle, PG Roland, M TI Measuring quality in the NHS: lessons from across the Atlantic SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Manchester, Natl Primary Care Res & Dev Ctr, Manchester, Lancs, England. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON WC1B 3SL, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 18 PY 1998 VL 352 IS 9123 BP 163 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)77801-6 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 101FW UT WOS:000074859800004 PM 9683200 ER PT J AU Daggett, DA Oberley, TD Nelson, SA Wright, LS Kornguth, SE Siegel, FL AF Daggett, DA Oberley, TD Nelson, SA Wright, LS Kornguth, SE Siegel, FL TI Effects of lead on rat kidney and liver: GST expression and oxidative stress SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glutathione S-transferase; glutathione; lead; oxidative stress; antioxidant response element ID GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; YA SUBUNIT GENE; CONTROLLING INDUCIBLE EXPRESSION; RESPONSIVE ELEMENT; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; CATALYTIC ACTIVITY; CHEMICAL-AGENTS; CELL-NUCLEUS AB The effect of acute exposure to lead acetate on the expression of glutathione S-transferase (GST) subunits and the levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in rat kidney and liver was determined. The purpose of this study was to determine if GSH depletion and/or oxidative stress were responsible for changes in the expression of some or all GSTs that followed lead exposure. In kidney, all GST subunits increased following injection of lead. The level of kidney GSH was not changed at either 0.5 or 1 h after lead exposure, but increased 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after a single injection of lead. MDA levels (a marker of lipid peroxidation) did not change in kidney following lead injection. Immunohistochemical markers of oxidative stress and nitric oxide production were also unchanged by lead administration. Therefore, we conclude that the increases in GST levels in kidney following lead exposure were not dependent on oxidative stress. In liver, lead injection caused GSH depletion (61% of control 12 h after lead treatment) and increased MDA production (2.5-fold increase 6 h after lead exposure), while GSTA1, GSTA2, GSTM1 and GSTM2 did not increase. Analysis of the effects of lead on GST mRNA and GST cellular localization were performed by Northern blot and immunohistochemical techniques. Immunoperoxidase light microscopy and immunogold electron microscopy revealed that the increase in kidney GSTM1 and GSTP1 occurred in nuclei: cytoplasm and microvilli of proximal tubules, Northern blot analysis of GSTA2 and GSTP1 mRNAs showed that their increase following lead exposure was inhibited by actinomycin D, suggesting transcriptional induction. This study demonstrates that acute lead exposure causes dramatic changes in the subcellular distribution and expression of rat kidney GSTs, and that these changes are not a result of oxidative stress. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Environm Toxicol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr 655, Mol & Genet Sci Unit, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol, Madison, WI 53703 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Madison, WI 53703 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53703 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomol Chem, Madison, WI 53703 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Siegel, FL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Environm Toxicol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD03352]; NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES07015]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS24669] NR 58 TC 67 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD JUL 17 PY 1998 VL 128 IS 3 BP 191 EP 206 DI 10.1016/S0300-483X(98)00080-8 PG 16 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 120CQ UT WOS:000075937500003 PM 9750042 ER PT J AU Bourdette, DN Chou, YK Whitham, RH Buckner, J Kwon, HJ Nepom, GT Buenafe, A Cooper, SA Allegretta, M Hashim, GA Offner, H Vandenbark, AA AF Bourdette, DN Chou, YK Whitham, RH Buckner, J Kwon, HJ Nepom, GT Buenafe, A Cooper, SA Allegretta, M Hashim, GA Offner, H Vandenbark, AA TI Immunity to T cell receptor peptides in multiple sclerosis. III. Preferential immunogenicity of complementarity-determining region 2 peptides from disease-associated T cell receptor BV genes SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Congress of the International-Society-of-Neuroimmunology CY OCT, 1994 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SP Int Soc Neuroimmunol ID MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; V-BETA-6.1 CDR2 PEPTIDES; PROTEOLIPID PROTEIN; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; TCR PEPTIDES; CHAIN; SELECTION; LINES; IDENTIFICATION AB Vaccination with synthetic TCR peptides from the BV5S2 complementarity-determining region 2 (CDR2) can boost significantly the frequency of circulating CD4(+) peptide-specific Th2 cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, with an associated decrease in the frequency of myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive Th1 cells and possible clinical benefit. To evaluate the immunogenicity of CDR2 vs other regions of the TCR, vee vaccinated seven MS patients with overlapping BV5S2 peptides spanning amino acids 1-94. Six patients responded to at least one of three overlapping or substituted CDR2 peptides possessing a core epitope of residues 44-52, and one patient also responded to a CDR1 peptide. Of the CDR2 peptides, the substituted (Y49T)BV5S2-38-58 peptide was the most immunogenic but cross-reacted with the native sequence and had the strongest binding affinity for MS-associated HLA-DR2 alleles, suggesting that position 49 is an MHC rather than a TCR contact residue. Two MS patients who did not respond to BV5S2 peptides were immunized successfully with CDR2 peptides from different BV gene families overexpressed by their MBP-specific T cells. Taken together, these results suggest that a widely active vaccine for MS might well involve a limited set of slightly modified CDR2 peptides from BV genes involved in T cell recognition of MBP. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Virginia Mason Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Immunol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Rheumatol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. St Pauls Hosp, Dept Clin Pathol, Seoul, South Korea. Connet Corp, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. Council Tobacco Res, New York, NY 10022 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Vandenbark, AA (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Neuroimmunol Res R&D-31,3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS21466, NS23444, NS23221] NR 49 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD JUL 15 PY 1998 VL 161 IS 2 BP 1034 EP 1044 PG 11 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA ZZ428 UT WOS:000074728400062 PM 9670985 ER PT J AU Tsuang, D DiGiacomo, L Lipe, H Bird, TD AF Tsuang, D DiGiacomo, L Lipe, H Bird, TD TI Familial aggregation of schizophrenia-like symptoms in Huntington's disease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE Huntington's disease; genetics; schizophrenia AB An increased incidence of schizophrenia-like symptoms in Huntington's disease (HD) has been well-documented in the past, The reasons for this association, however, have never been explained. At the University of Washington Medical Genetics Clinic, we had the opportunity to evaluate a unique juvenile-onset HD proband who had schizophrenia-like symptoms. This patient was referred to our clinic because of new onset of somatic delusions and command auditory hallucinations early in the course of her illness. Since we had already evaluated other affected individuals in her family, we selected another family with a nonpsychotic juvenile-onset proband for comparison. Using these two families in a small case-control study, we investigated the following hypotheses which could explain the association between schizophrenia-like symptoms and HD: first, schizophrenia-like symptoms may be related to the number of CAG repeats in the HD gene; second, schizophrenia-like symptoms may segregate in certain HD families, for unknown reasons; and third, there may coincidentally be an unrelated gene for schizophrenia in certain HD families, Comparisons of clinical characteristics and the HD genotype showed that family history of schizophrenia-like symptoms segregated with the HD gene; however, age of onset of HD, size of CAG; repeat, and sex of the transmitting parent were not associated with psychotic symptoms. Further genetic and neurobiological studies are necessary to investigate the potential mechanism underlying this association, Am. J, Med, Genet, (Neuropsychiatr. Genet.) 81:323-327, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Med Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Tsuang, D (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 FU NIA NIH HHS [5K12 AG00503-07] NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0148-7299 J9 AM J MED GENET JI Am. J. Med. Genet. PD JUL 10 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 4 BP 323 EP 327 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8628(19980710)81:4<323::AID-AJMG9>3.3.CO;2-M PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA ZX390 UT WOS:000074511000009 PM 9674979 ER PT J AU Poon, B Grovit-Ferbas, K Stewart, SA Chen, ISY AF Poon, B Grovit-Ferbas, K Stewart, SA Chen, ISY TI Cell cycle arrest by Vpr in HIV-1 virions and insensitivity to antiretroviral agents SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; OPEN READING FRAME; PRODUCTIVE INFECTION; MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; TYPE-1; GENE; PROTEIN; MACROPHAGES; LYMPHOCYTES AB Expression of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr after productive infection of T cells induces cell cycle arrest in the G(2) phase of the cell cycle. In the absence of de novo expression, HIV-1 Vpr packaged into virions still induced cell cycle arrest. Naturally noninfectious virus or virus rendered defective for infection by reverse transcriptase or protease inhibitors were capable of inducing Vpr-mediated cell cycle arrest. These results suggest a model whereby both infectious and noninfectious virions in vivo, such as those surrounding follicular dendritic cells, participate in immune suppression. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol & Med, AIDS Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, AIDS Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Chen, ISY (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol & Med, AIDS Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI Stewart, Sheila/C-5213-2012 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA70018]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI28697]; PHS HHS [T32/A107388] NR 50 TC 153 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JUL 10 PY 1998 VL 281 IS 5374 BP 266 EP 269 DI 10.1126/science.281.5374.266 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZZ286 UT WOS:000074714200052 PM 9657723 ER PT J AU Bradley, KA Boyd-Wickizer, J Powell, SH Burman, ML AF Bradley, KA Boyd-Wickizer, J Powell, SH Burman, ML TI Alcohol screening questionnaires in women - A critical review SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; RISK-DRINKING; INTERVIEW SCHEDULE; LABORATORY TESTS; EMERGENCY ROOM; DSM-IV; ABUSE; CONSUMPTION; DEPENDENCE; POPULATION AB Objective.-To describe the performance of alcohol screening questionnaires in female patients. Data Sources.-We searched MEDLINE from 1966 to July 1997 for alcoholism or alcohol-drinking and for CAGE, AUDIT, BMAST, TWEAK, T-ACE, MAST, SMAST, or SAAST; Citations Indexes for newer screening questionnaires and those without acronyms; and MEDLINE from 1996 to July 1997 for alcoholism or alcohol-drinking and screening. Study Selection and Data Extraction.-Reviewed studies presented data for women comparing brief alcohol screening questionnaires with valid criterion standards for heavy drinking (greater than or equal to 2 drinks per day) or alcohol abuse or dependence in US general clinical populations. Sensitivities, specificities, and areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) were extracted. Data Synthesis.-Thirteen articles (9 studies) were reviewed. The CAGE questionnaire had AUROCs of 0.84 to 0.92 for alcohol abuse and dependence in predominantly black populations of women, but using the traditional cut point of 2 or more resulted in low sensitivities (38%-50%) in predominantly white female populations. The TWEAK and Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) questionnaires had high AUROCs (0.87-0.93) for past-year alcohol abuse or dependence in black or white women, but had sensitivities less than 80% at traditional cut points. For detecting heavy drinking, the AUDIT questionnaire had AUROCs of at least 0.87 in female primary care patients. The TWEAK and T-ACE questionnaires had higher AUROCs (0.84-0.87) than the CAGE questionnaire (0.76-0.78) for detecting heavy drinking before pregnancy was recognized in black obstetric patients. Conclusions.-The CAGE questionnaire was relatively insensitive in predominantly white female populations. The TWEAK and AUDIT questionnaires have performed adequately in black or white women, using lower cut points than usual. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bradley, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mail Stop 152, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM bradley.katharine_a@seattle.va.gov NR 54 TC 237 Z9 241 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 8 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 2 BP 166 EP 171 DI 10.1001/jama.280.2.166 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZY321 UT WOS:000074608400033 PM 9669791 ER PT J AU Ebrahimi, S Wang, E Udar, N Arnold, E Burbee, D Small, K Sawicki, MP AF Ebrahimi, S Wang, E Udar, N Arnold, E Burbee, D Small, K Sawicki, MP TI Genomic organization and cloning of the human homologue of murine Sipa-1 SO GENE LA English DT Article DE GTPase activating protein; chromosome 11q13; tumor suppressor gene; multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 ID GTPASE-ACTIVATING PROTEIN; BUD-SITE-SELECTION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; GENE-PRODUCT; RAN; DOMAIN; YEAST; P21 AB Murine Sipa-1 (signal-induced proliferation associated protein) is a mitogen induced GTPase activating protein (GAP). While mapping candidate genes for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) at 11q13, we cloned the human homologue of Sipa-1. Herein, we report the complete cDNA sequence, expression, and genomic organization of SIPA-1. SIPA-1 consists of 16 exons with highly conserved exon-intron boundaries. The predicted SIPA-1 protein is highly homologous to the mouse protein, particularly in the region of the GAP-related domain at the amino terminus and the leucine zipper at the carboxy terminus. It is widely expressed, including in fetal tissues, but is most highly expressed in lymphoid organs. During the course of cloning SIPA-1, the MEN1 gene was identified, thus excluding human SIPA-1 as a candidate for this disease. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Core Mol Biol Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Texas, Hammond Ctr Therapeut Oncol Res, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, 10833 LeConte Ave,72-215 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM msawicki@ucla.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [EY-02134] NR 21 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD JUL 3 PY 1998 VL 214 IS 1-2 BP 215 EP 221 DI 10.1016/S0378-1119(98)00212-1 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 109JL UT WOS:000075318400025 PM 9651531 ER PT J AU Magnusson, AR Hedges, JR Ashley, P Harper, RJ AF Magnusson, AR Hedges, JR Ashley, P Harper, RJ TI Resident educational time study: A tale of three specialties SO ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Academic-Emergency-Medicine CY MAY 19-22, 1997 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Soc Acad Emergency Med DE graduate medical education; resident; training; clinical practice; time study ID INTERNAL-MEDICINE; WORKING HOURS; CALL AB Objective: To compare amounts of in-hospital time use by PGY1 residents during rotations in emergency medicine (EM), internal medicine (IM), and surgery. This article reports the general study methodology and focuses on the educational aspects of residency time use. Methods: A cross-sectional, observational study of the activities of Ehl PGY1 residents was performed while the residents were on duty during the 3 specialty rotations. The activities were recorded by an observer using a log with predetermined categories for clinical/service, educational, and personal areas. A time-blocked, convenience sample of resident shifts was observed for each service rotation. The sample was proportional Do the total number of hours for which a PGY1 resident was expected to be in the hospital during a rotation on that service. No attempt was made to sample the same resident at all time periods or on all rotations. Results: Twelve PGY1 residents were observed for a total of 166 hours on surgery, 156 hours on IM, and 120 hours on EM. These hourly amounts were representative of a typical 2-week span of service on each rotation for the residents. On average, the residents spent 57% of their time on clinical or service-oriented activities, 24% on educational activities, and 19% on personal activities. The proportions of time devoted to the 3 major areas were similar for the 3 rotations. In all 3 rotations, the largest proportion of time was spent on patient-focused education (81% to 92% of total educational time). Only 2% to 11% of educational time was devoted to self-education. Within the patient-focused education category, proportionately less resident time with faculty occurred on the surgery rotation than on the EM and IM rotations (18% vs 30% and 27%, respectively). Conclusion: The general breakdowns of clinical/service, educational, and personal time use by PGY1 residents are proportionately similar for the 3 service rotations. Patient-focused education is the primary mode of education for all services. In-hospital, self-education time is limited. Clinical teaching is largely by nonfaculty. The educational implications of these findings are discussed. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Emergency Care Unit, Portland, OR USA. RP Hedges, JR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Emergency Med, 3181 SW Jackson Pk Rd,UHN 52, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1069-6563 J9 ACAD EMERG MED JI Acad. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 5 IS 7 BP 718 EP 725 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 100KJ UT WOS:000074815100012 PM 9678397 ER PT J AU Kampman, KM Volpicelli, JR McGinnis, DE Alterman, AI Weinrieb, RM D'Angelo, L Epperson, LE AF Kampman, KM Volpicelli, JR McGinnis, DE Alterman, AI Weinrieb, RM D'Angelo, L Epperson, LE TI Reliability and validity of the Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article ID ABUSE TREATMENT; WITHDRAWAL; ABSTINENCE; INPATIENT; SLEEP; MOOD AB This article assesses the reliability and validity of the Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (CSSA), a measure of cocaine abstinence signs and symptoms. Interrater reliability and scale internal consistency were high. Initial CSSA scores were significantly higher in cocaine-dependent subjects than in alcohol-dependent subjects. Initial CSSA scores were highly correlated with recent cocaine use and with severity measures from the Addiction Severity Index (ASI) including the interviewer severity rating and composite score in the drug section. Among cocaine-dependent subjects, initial CSSA scores were higher for those who failed to achieve abstinence or who subsequently dropped out of treatment. Further, CSSA scores showed consistent and marked declines over time for subjects who continued in treatment and remained abstinent. The CSSA appears to be a reliable and valid measure of cocaine abstinence symptoms and a useful predictor of negative outcomes in cocaine dependence treatment. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kampman, KM (reprint author), Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Sch Med, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM kampman@research.trc.upenn.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA00172, R18-DA06107] NR 24 TC 134 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 23 IS 4 BP 449 EP 461 DI 10.1016/S0306-4603(98)00011-2 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA ZX356 UT WOS:000074507300003 PM 9698974 ER PT J AU Lew, EA Barbuti, RC Kovacs, TOG Sytnic, B Humphries, TJ Walsh, JH AF Lew, EA Barbuti, RC Kovacs, TOG Sytnic, B Humphries, TJ Walsh, JH TI An ascending single-dose safety and tolerance study of an oral formulation of rabeprazole (E3810) SO ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID PROTON PUMP INHIBITOR; ACID-SECRETION; OMEPRAZOLE; PANTOPRAZOLE; PHARMACOKINETICS AB Background: Proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole produce a long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion associated with significant increases in plasma gastrin, Rabeprazole (E3810) is a new substituted benzimidazole H+,K+ ATPase inhibitor. It acts as an irreversible, non-competitive inhibitor of the H+,K+ ATPase and preliminary studies demonstrate that rabeprazole produces a potent and long-lasting inhibition of gastric acid secretion and a low level of hypergastrinaemia. Aim: This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to further examine the effects of different single doses of rabeprazole on gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin. Methods: In this study, four groups of 10 healthy, nonsmoking Helicobacter pylori-negative men (mean age 22.5 +/- 3.9 years) received single oral doses of 10, 20, 30 and 40 mg of rabeprazole. Two of the 10 volunteers in each group received placebo as part of the double-blind study design. All volunteers who entered into the study had a normal gastric acid secretory capacity as evaluated by pentagastrin challenge. Prior to administration of the first dose of test drug, volunteers underwent an inpatient 24-h measurement of baseline intragastric pH. One week later, volunteers received the test drug and again underwent an inpatient 24-h measurement of intragastric pH, During both periods, plasma samples were collected at specified intervals over 48 h and were sent for analysis of rabeprazole and gastrin levels. Results: Administration of rabeprazole resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the duration and extent of intragastric pH elevation. The response among all volunteers receiving drug was significantly different from placebo, with greater acid inhibition occurring in the 30 and 40 mg groups. In addition, there was also a dose-related increase in plasma gastrin. The pharmacokinetics of rabeprazole were similar to those of other proton pump inhibitors with a t(1/2) of between 0.7 and 1.0 h. There were no clinically significant effects on patient laboratory tests or serious adverse events. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that rabeprazole is as potent as omeprazole and lansoprazole in inhibiting gastric acid secretion. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, CURE, Dept Med,Div Digest Dis,Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Eisai & Co Ltd, London, England. RP Walsh, JH (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, CURE, Dept Med,Div Digest Dis,Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Room 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM jwalsh@ucla.edu RI Barbuti, Ricardo /H-6277-2015 NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-2813 J9 ALIMENT PHARM THERAP JI Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 12 IS 7 BP 667 EP 672 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 106JT UT WOS:000075126700010 PM 9701531 ER PT J AU Revankar, SG Kirkpatrick, WR McAtee, RK Fothergill, AW Redding, SW Rinaldi, MG Hilsenbeck, SG Patterson, TF AF Revankar, SG Kirkpatrick, WR McAtee, RK Fothergill, AW Redding, SW Rinaldi, MG Hilsenbeck, SG Patterson, TF TI A randomized trial of continuous or intermittent therapy with fluconazole for oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients: Clinical outcomes and development of fluconazole resistance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RECURRENT ORAL CANDIDIASIS; CLOTRIMAZOLE TROCHES; POSITIVE PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND; ALBICANS; EMERGENCE; AIDS; PROPHYLAXIS; CANDIDOSIS AB PURPOSE: The effects of continuous or intermittent therapy with fluconazole on the recurrence of and the development of fluconazole resistance are not known. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients with CD, cell count <350 x 10(6)/L and oropharyngeal candidiasis in a prospective, randomized study. After initial treatment, 20 patients (16 of whom completed 3 months of follow-up) received continuous fluconazole at 200 mg/day, and 48 patients (28 of whom completed follow-up) received intermittent therapy at the time of symptomatic relapses. Oral samples were obtained weekly during episodes of infection and quarterly as surveillance cultures. Development of resistance was defined as a fourfold rise in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to at least 16 mu g/mL from the initial culture in the same species, the emergence of new, resistant (MIC greater than or equal to 16 mu g/mL) species, or a significant increase in the proportion of resistant isolates. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 11 months, median annual relapse rates were lower in patients on continuous therapy (0 episodes/year) than in patients on intermittent therapy (4.1 episodes/year; P <0.001). Sterile cultures were seen in 6 of 16 (38%) patients on continuous therapy compared with 3 of 28 (11%) on intermittent therapy (P = 0.04). Microbiological resistance developed in 9 of 16 (56%) patients on continuous treatment, compared with 13 of 28 (46%) on intermittent treatment (P = 0.75). However, despite isolates with increased MICs, 42 of 44 patients responded to fluconazole in doses up to 800 mg/day. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with frequent recurrences, continuous suppressive therapy significantly reduced relapses and colonization. Resistance occurred with both continuous and intermittent therapy; however, therapeutic responses were excellent. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Revankar, SG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIDCR NIH HHS [1R01 DE11381-01] NR 25 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 105 IS 1 BP 7 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0002-9343(98)00137-5 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 102HX UT WOS:000074919500002 PM 9688014 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TD Okolo, CN Moody, MW AF Nguyen, TD Okolo, CN Moody, MW TI Histamine stimulates ion transport by dog pancreatic duct epithelial cells through H-1 receptors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chloride channels; potassium channels; Ussing chamber ID GUINEA-PIG PANCREAS; EXOCRINE SECRETION AB Histamine affects pancreatic secretion, but its direct action on ion transport by pancreatic duct epithelial cells (PDEC) has not been defined. We now characterize the secretory effects of histamine on cultured, well-differentiated, and nontransformed dog PDEC. Histamine stimulated, in a concentration-dependent manner (1-100 mu M), a cellular I-125(-) efflux that was inhibited by 500 mu M 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid, 2.5 mM diphenylamine-2-carboxylate, and 500 mu M DIDS and thus mediated through Ca2+-activated Cl- channels. Histamine-stimulated I-125(-) efflux was 1) inhibited by 100 mu M diphenhydramine, an H-1 receptor antagonist, 2) resistant to 1 mM cimetidine, an H-2 receptor antagonist, 3) not reproduced by 1 mM dimaprit, an H-2 agonist, and 4) inhibited by 50 mu M 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid-AM, a Ca2+ chelator, suggesting that it was mediated through H-1 receptors acting via increased cytosolic Ca2+. Histamine also stimulated a Rb-86(+) efflux that was sensitive to 100 nM charybdotoxin and thus mediated through Ca2+-activated K+ channels. When PDEC monolayers were studied in Ussing chambers, a short-circuit current of 21.7 +/- 3.1 mu A/cm(2) was stimulated by 100 mu M histamine. This effect was inhibited by diphenhydramine but not cimetidine, was not reproduced with dimaprit, and was observed only after serosal addition of histamine, suggesting that it was mediated by basolateral H-1 receptors on PDEC. In conclusion, histamine, acting through basolateral H-1 receptors, activates both Ca2+-activated Cl- and K+ channels; in this manner, it may regulate PDEC secretion in normal or inflamed pancreas. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Nguyen, TD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GI Sect 111 GI, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 275 IS 1 BP G76 EP G84 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA ZZ396 UT WOS:000074725200011 PM 9655687 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TD Moody, MW Savard, CE Lee, SP AF Nguyen, TD Moody, MW Savard, CE Lee, SP TI Secretory effects of ATP on nontransformed dog pancreatic duct epithelial cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chloride channels; potassium channels; mucin; short-circuit current; cystic fibrosis; adenosine 5 '-triphosphate ID TRANSMEMBRANE CONDUCTANCE REGULATOR; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; MUCIN SECRETION; RECEPTOR; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; SELECTIVITY; CHANNELS; CLONING AB Extracellular triphosphate nucleotides, such as ATP, may regulate various cellular functions through specific cell surface receptors. We examine in this report the different secretory effects of ATP and analogs on nontransformed dog pancreatic duct epithelial cells (PDEC). We observed that 1) ATP, UTP, adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate), and, to a lesser extent, beta,gamma-methylene-ATP, but not adenosine, stimulated I-125- efflux from PDEC, suggesting a primary role for P-2Y2 receptors, 2)ATP-stimulated I-125- efflux was inhibited by 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid, diphenylamine-2-carboxylate, and DIDS, suggesting mediation through Ca2+-activated Cl- channels, 3) ATP stimulated an Rb-86(+) efflux sensitive to BaCl2 and charybdotoxin, thus likely occurring through Ca2+-activated K+ channels, 4) serosal or luminal addition of UTP activated apical Cl- conductance and basolateral K+ conductance when nystatin-permeabilized PDEC were studied in an Ussing chamber, suggesting the expression of P-2Y2 receptors on both sides of the cell, 5) ATP stimulated mucin secretion, and 6) ATP increases intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+](i)). In conclusion, ATP and UTP interact with P-2Y2 receptors on nontransformed PDEC to increase [Ca2+](i), stimulate mucin secretion, and activate ion conductances; these findings have implications for pancreatic exocrine function in both health and disease, such as cystic fibrosis. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Nguyen, TD (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GI Sect 111 GI, 1660 S Columbian way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Lee, Sum Ping/C-4333-2009 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50246] NR 32 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 275 IS 1 BP G104 EP G113 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA ZZ396 UT WOS:000074725200014 PM 9655690 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JC AF Deutsch, JC TI Spontaneous hydrolysis and dehydration of dehydroascorbic acid in aqueous solution SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID L-ASCORBIC-ACID; VITAMIN-C; DEGRADATION; CHROMATOGRAPHY; PRODUCTS; CATALASE; PLASMA AB The interaction of water with dehydroascorbic acid was examined by incubating dehydroascorbic acid and ascorbic acid in O-18-labeled water for various amounts of time and then oxidizing the products with hydrogen peroxide or reducing the products with mercaptoethanol, with analysis by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Based on mass changes, dehydroascorbic acid readily exchanged three oxygen atoms with (H2O)-O-18. When mercaptoethanol was used to reduce dehydroascorbic acid (which had been incubated in (H2O)-O-18) to ascorbic acid, the newly formed ascorbic acid also contained three labeled oxygen atoms. However, ascorbic acid incubated in (H2O)-O-18 for the same amount of time under identical conditions exchanged only two labeled oxygen atoms. Electron impact mass spectrometry of derivatized ascorbic acid created a decarboxylation product which had only two labeled oxygen atoms, regardless if 3-oxygen-labeled or 2-oxygen-labeled ascorbic acid was the parent compound, isolating the extra oxygen addition to carbon 1. These data suggest that dehydroascorbic acid spontaneously hydrolyzes and dehydrates in aqueous solution and that the hydrolytic-hydroxyl oxygen is accepted by carbon 1, Ascorbic acid, on the other hand, does not show this same tendency to hydrolyze. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAH, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Deutsch, JC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, 4200 E 9th Ave,Campus Box B-170, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 25 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 260 IS 2 BP 223 EP 229 DI 10.1006/abio.1998.2700 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA ZZ723 UT WOS:000074760700016 PM 9657882 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Courter, I Hurwitz, EL Genovese, B Adams, AH Mior, SA Brook, RH AF Shekelle, PG Courter, I Hurwitz, EL Genovese, B Adams, AH Mior, SA Brook, RH TI Congruence between decisions to initiate chiropractic spinal manipulation for low back pain and appropriateness criteria in North America SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE low back pain; spine; chiropractic; manipulation, orthopedic; quality of health care ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; NEW-YORK-STATE; BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; CORONARY-ANGIOGRAPHY; NECK COMPLAINTS; MANUAL THERAPY; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; OUTCOME MEASURES; PERSISTENT BACK; FOLLOW-UP AB Background: Recent U.S. practice guidelines recommend spinal manipulation for some patients with low back pain. If followed, these guidelines are likely to increase the number of persons referred for chiropractic care. Concerns have been raised about the appropriate use of chiropractic care, but systematic data are lacking. Objective: To determine the appropriateness of chiropractors' decisions to use spinal manipulation for patients with low back pain. Design: Retrospective review of chiropractic office records against preset criteria for appropriateness that were developed from a systematic review of the literature and a nine-member panel of chiropractic and medical specialists. Appropriateness criteria reflect the expected balance between risk and benefit. Setting: 131 of 185 (71%) chiropractic offices randomly sampled from sites in the United States and Canada. Patients: 10 randomly selected records of patients presenting with low back pain from each office (1310 patients total). Measurements: Sociodemographic data on patients and chiropractors; use of health care services by patients; assessment of the decision to initiate spinal manipulation as appropriate, uncertain, or inappropriate. Results: Of the 1310 patients who sought chiropractic care for low back pain, 1088 (83%) had spinal manipulation. For 859 of these patients (79%), records contained data sufficient to determine whether care was congruent with appropriateness criteria. Care was classified as appropriate in 46% of cases, uncertain in 25% of cases, and inappropriate in 29% of cases. Patients who did not undergo spinal manipulation were less likely to have a presentation judged appropriate and were more likely to have a presentation judged inappropriate than were patients who did undergo spinal manipulation (P = 0.01). Conclusions: The proportion of chiropractic spinal manipulation judged to be congruent with appropriateness criteria is similar to proportions previously described for medical procedures; thus, the findings provide some reassurance about the appropriate application of chiropractic care. However, more than one quarter of patients were treated for indications that were judged inappropriate. The number of inappropriate decisions to use chiropractic spinal manipulation should be decreased. C1 Rand Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Los Angeles Coll Chiropract, Whittier, CA 90609 USA. Canadian Mem Chiropract Coll, Toronto, ON M4G 3E6, Canada. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), Rand Corp, 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90401 USA. NR 50 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 129 IS 1 BP 9 EP + PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZX413 UT WOS:000074513300002 PM 9653012 ER PT J AU Schlesinger, N Schumacher, HR Beutler, AM AF Schlesinger, N Schumacher, HR Beutler, AM TI Serum uric acid in acute gout SO ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Allegheny Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Schlesinger, N (reprint author), 9701 Meyer Forest Dr,Apt 7301, Houston, TX 77096 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-4967 J9 ANN RHEUM DIS JI Ann. Rheum. Dis. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 57 IS 7 BP 443 EP 443 DI 10.1136/ard.57.7.443 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 110XP UT WOS:000075407100016 PM 9797577 ER PT J AU Canver, CC Nichols, RD Kroncke, GM AF Canver, CC Nichols, RD Kroncke, GM TI Influence of age-specific lung function on survival after coronary bypass SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SURGERY AB Background, Respiratory complications after successful coronary artery bypass grafting influence the immediate recovery of a patient; however, whether they influence the longevity of a patient is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of preoperative pulmonary risk factors in younger patients and older patients on outcome after coronary artery bypass grafting, Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed on 939 patients who underwent primary coronary artery bypass grafting between July 1987 and November 1996. For better comparison, they were arbitrarily divided by age into two groups: group 1, less than 70 years old (n = 710), and group 2, 70 years old or older (n = 229). The variables collected for each patient included history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, active smoking, forced expiratory volume, and ventilatory support for more than 48 hours. These variables were compared with postoperative length of stay in the intensive care unit, length of stay in the hospital, and the midterm survival up to 5 years. The data were analyzed by the use of univariate/multivariate log-rank tests and the method of Kaplan-Meier survival estimates. Results. The presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was associated with increased length of stay in the intensive care unit and in the hospital for both groups. Preoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second, significantly affected length of stay in the hospital only in the patients less than 70 years old (p = 0.0001). Delayed extubation beyond 48 hours of ventilatory support resulted in prolonged length of stay in the intensive care unit and in the hospital for patients less than 70 years old (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, respectively) and patients 70 years old or older (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0001, respectively). The 5-year survival after coronary artery bypass grafting for both groups was significantly influenced by the level of preoperative forced expiratory volume in I second (p = 0.0004, p = 0.0282, respectively). Conclusions. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, irrespective of age, stay in the intensive care unit and in the hospital longer after coronary artery bypass grafting. In addition, preoperative forced expiratory volume in 1 second is a significant predictor of 5-year survival in the young and aged individuals undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. (Ann Thorac Surg 1998;66:144-7) (C) 1998 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Sect Cardiothorac Surg, Madison, WI USA. RP Canver, CC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Ctr Clin Sci, H4-352,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 10 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 66 IS 1 BP 144 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00322-1 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 104BH UT WOS:000074992000032 PM 9692454 ER PT J AU Young, AS Sullivan, G Burnam, MA Brook, RH AF Young, AS Sullivan, G Burnam, MA Brook, RH TI Measuring the quality of outpatient treatment for schizophrenia SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT National-Institute-of-Mental-Health Conference on Improving the Condition of People with Mental Illness - The Role of Services Research CY SEP 04-05, 1997 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP NIMH ID ASSERTIVE COMMUNITY TREATMENT; MENTAL-HEALTH; RATING-SCALE; CARE; OUTCOMES; SURGERY; RELAPSE; POLICY AB Background: Consumers and policy makers are increasingly interested in measuring treatment quality. We developed a standardized approach to measuring the quality of outpatient care for schizophrenia and used it to evaluate routine care. Methods: We randomly sampled 224 patients in treatment for schizophrenia at 2 public mental health clinics. Appropriate medication management was defined according to criteria derived from national treatment recommendations, and focused on recent management of symptoms and side effects. Adequate psychosocial care was defined as the recent provision of case management or family management to patients for whom it is indicated. Care was evaluated using patient interviews and medical records abstractions. Results: Although patients at the 2 clinics had similar illnesses, the treatment they received was quite different. In total, 84 (38%) of patients received poor-quality medication management, and 117 (52%) had inadequate psychosocial care. Clinics differed in the proportion of patients receiving poor-quality medication management not attributable to patient factors (28% vs 16%). The clinic with better-quality medication management provided case management to fewer severely ill patients (48% vs 81%). More than half of the cases of poor care would not have been detected if we had used only medical records data. Conclusions: At these clinics, many schizophrenic patients were receiving poor-quality care and most poor care was likely due to factors that can be modified. One approach to improving care begins by developing systems that monitor quality. These systems may require improved medical records and patient-reported symptoms and side effects. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Little Rock Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Little Rock, AR USA. Rand Corp, Hlth Program, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP Young, AS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RI Young, Alexander/A-1523-2009 OI Young, Alexander/0000-0002-9367-9213 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-30911, P50 MH-54623] NR 44 TC 128 Z9 129 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 1998 VL 55 IS 7 BP 611 EP 617 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.611 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA ZZ514 UT WOS:000074737000004 PM 9672051 ER PT J AU Altshuler, LL Bartzokis, G Grieder, T Curran, J Mintz, J AF Altshuler, LL Bartzokis, G Grieder, T Curran, J Mintz, J TI Amygdala enlargement in bipolar disorder and hippocampal reduction in schizophrenia: An MRI study demonstrating neuroanatomic specificity SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID TEMPORAL-LOBE; ABNORMALITIES C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Altshuler, LL (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, B116-A12,Wilshire & Sawtelle Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Bartzokis, George/K-2409-2013 NR 6 TC 242 Z9 251 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 1998 VL 55 IS 7 BP 663 EP 664 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.55.7.663 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA ZZ514 UT WOS:000074737000014 PM 9672058 ER PT J AU Tourtellotte, WW AF Tourtellotte, WW TI Serious methodological failures concerning presence of HSV DNA in surgical tissue from human epileptic seizure foci detected by PCR - Reply SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tourtellotte, WW (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 55 IS 7 BP 1032 EP 1032 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 101CN UT WOS:000074852200019 ER PT J AU Kuan, NK Passaro, E AF Kuan, NK Passaro, E TI Apoptosis: Programmed cell death SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BCL-2 PROTEIN; SURVIVAL; INTERLEUKIN-10; PATHOGENESIS; ADHESION; DISEASE; P53 AB Currently there is much interest and excitement in the understanding of how cells undergo the process of apoptosis or programmed cell death. Understanding how, why, and when cells are instructed to die may provide insight into the aging process, autoimmune syndromes, degenerative diseases, and malignant transformation. This review focuses on the development of apoptosis and describes the process of programmed cell death, some of the factors that incite or prevent its occurrence, and finally some of the diseases in which it may play a role. The hope is that in the not too distant future we may be able to modify or thwart the apoptotic process for therapeutic benefit. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Toxicol, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Passaro, E (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 133 IS 7 BP 773 EP 775 DI 10.1001/archsurg.133.7.773 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZZ943 UT WOS:000074785000015 PM 9688008 ER PT J AU Xu, FH Sharma, S Gardner, A Tu, YP Raitano, A Sawyers, C Lichtenstein, A AF Xu, FH Sharma, S Gardner, A Tu, YP Raitano, A Sawyers, C Lichtenstein, A TI Interleukin-6-induced inhibition of multiple myeloma cell apoptosis: Support for the hypothesis that protection is mediated via inhibition of the JNK/SAPK pathway SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; MALIGNANT PLASMA-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; C-JUN; GENE-EXPRESSION; JNK ACTIVATION; DEATH; DEXAMETHASONE; LINE; AP-1 AB The mechanism by which interleukin-6 (IL-6) protects multiple myeloma (MM) plasma cells from apoptosis induced by anti-fas antibodies and dexamethasone was studied. Anti-apoptotic concentrations of IL-6 had no effect on cell-cycle distribution or activation of RAF-1 or ERK in dexamethasone or anti-fas-treated 8226 and UCLA #1 MM cell lines. However, IL-6-dependent protection of viability correlated with an inhibition of dexamethasone- and anti-fas-induced activation of jun kinase (JNK) and AP-1 transactivation. To test the hypothesis that cytokine-induced protection was mediated through inhibition of JNK/c-jun, we also inhibited c-jun function in 8226 cells via introduction of a mutant dominant negative c-jun construct. Mutant c-jun-containing MM cells were also resistant to anti-fas-induced apoptosis but were significantly more sensitive to dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, These results support the notion that IL-6 protects MM cells against anti-fas through its inhibitory effects on JNK/c-jun but indicate protection against dexamethasone occurs through separate, yet unknown pathways. (C) 1998 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Lichtenstein, A (reprint author), VA W LA Hosp, 601 W111H,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Sawyers, Charles/G-5327-2016 NR 54 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 1 BP 241 EP 251 PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ZW916 UT WOS:000074461200033 PM 9639523 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR AF Berenson, JR TI Oncogenesis in multiple myeloma SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 102 IS 1 SU S BP 142 EP 142 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 104TK UT WOS:000075031300563 ER PT J AU Liu, SC Sauter, ER Clapper, ML Feldman, RS Levin, L Chen, SY Yen, TJ Ross, E Engstrom, PF Klein-Szanto, AJP AF Liu, SC Sauter, ER Clapper, ML Feldman, RS Levin, L Chen, SY Yen, TJ Ross, E Engstrom, PF Klein-Szanto, AJP TI Markers of cell proliferation in normal epithelia and dysplastic leukoplakias of the oral cavity SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID UPPER AERODIGESTIVE TRACT; D1 GENE AMPLIFICATION; CYCLIN EXPRESSION; CARCINOMAS; HEAD; NECK; MUCOSA; OVEREXPRESSION; KI-67; P53 AB The expression of several markers of epithelial cell proliferation was analyzed to establish baseline data for future chemoprevention studies of oral premalignant lesions. Punch biopsies (n = 60) from three different sites of oral mucosa (bucca, lateral tongue, and the floor of the mouth) were obtained from 20 normal donors of both sexes, After formaldehyde fixation and paraffin embedding, immunohistochemistry was used to detect the proliferation markers Mib-1, cyclin D1, and centromere-associated protein CENP-F, Analysis of sections stained for the three markers showed similar patterns, i,e,, a low labeling index (LI) in the basal layer and a high LI in the parabasal layer at all three intraoral sites, No proliferative activity was seers above the parabasal layer (superficial layer). All sites showed similar Mib-1 LI values for the proliferative markers. The tongue epithelium exhibited higher parabasal LIs of cyclin D1 and CENP-F than did the other two sites. No significant differences were detected between smokers and nonsmokers. The data from normal mucosa were compared with those from low (n = 30)- and high (n = 17)-grade dysplastic leukoplakias. The Mib-1 LI showed a very significant change, with a 9-fold increase in the basal layer LI in dysplastic leukoplakias, Cyclin D1 and CENP-F showed similar trends with increments of up to 7-fold in the basal layer of high-grade dysplasia, Although the proliferative activity of the parabasal layer was similar in normal and leukoplakic epithelia, the superficial layer showed a significant increment in proliferative activity mainly in high-grade leukoplakia, These studies suggest that proliferation markers in the basal and superficial cells of premalignant lesions may serve as surrogate end point biomarkers for chemoprevention trials. C1 Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Div Populat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Div Basic Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Dent Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Temple Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19140 USA. RP Klein-Szanto, AJP (reprint author), Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Dept Pathol, Div Populat Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19111 USA. EM AJ_Klein-Szanto@fccc.edu RI Klein-Szanto, Andres/E-6218-2010 OI Yen, Tim/0000-0003-2159-0997 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-06927, CA-71539, MAO-NO1-CN 25436-02] NR 42 TC 33 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 7 IS 7 BP 597 EP 603 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZZ309 UT WOS:000074716500007 PM 9681528 ER PT J AU Dempsey, EC Das, M Frid, MG Xu, YJ Stenmark, KR AF Dempsey, EC Das, M Frid, MG Xu, YJ Stenmark, KR TI Hypoxic growth of bovine pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells - Dependence on synergy, heterogeneity, and injury-induced phenotypic change SO CHEST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Thomas L Petty 40th Annual Aspen Lung Conference on Biology and Pathobiology of the Lung Circulation CY JUN 04-07, 1997 CL ASPEN, COLORADO C1 Univ Colorado, Ctr Hlth Sci, Cardiovasc Pulm & Dev Biol Res Labs, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Dempsey, EC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Ctr Hlth Sci, Cardiovasc Pulm & Dev Biol Res Labs, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL46481, HL14985, HL07171] NR 12 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 1998 VL 114 IS 1 SU S BP 29S EP 30S DI 10.1378/chest.114.1_Supplement.29S PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 102CR UT WOS:000074906100015 PM 9676612 ER PT J AU Das, M Stenmark, KR Ruff, LJ Dempsey, EC AF Das, M Stenmark, KR Ruff, LJ Dempsey, EC TI The Ca2+-dependent isozymes of protein kinase C are uniquely important in the enhanced growth of immature adventitial fibroblasts isolated from the bovine pulmonary arterial wall at a time of heightened susceptibility to vascular injury SO CHEST LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Thomas L Petty 40th Annual Aspen Lung Conference on Biology and Pathobiology of the Lung Circulation CY JUN 04-07, 1997 CL ASPEN, COLORADO C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, CVP & Dev Lung Biol Res Labs, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Das, M (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, CVP & Dev Lung Biol Res Labs, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JUL PY 1998 VL 114 IS 1 SU S BP 68S EP 69S DI 10.1378/chest.114.1_Supplement.68S-a PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 102CR UT WOS:000074906100042 PM 9676640 ER PT J AU Zulian, F Schumacher, HR Calore, A Goldsmith, DP Athreya, BH AF Zulian, F Schumacher, HR Calore, A Goldsmith, DP Athreya, BH TI Juvenile arthritis in Turner's syndrome: A multicenter study SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Turner's syndrome; juvenile arthritis; autoimmunity; synovium ID SEX-HORMONES; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; GONADAL-DYSGENESIS; ABNORMALITIES; RESPONSES; DISEASES; INVITRO; MICE AB Objective Turner's syndrome (TS) is a disorder associated with characteristic defects in the X chromosome. Autoimmune conditions such as thyroiditis, inflammatory bowel diseases and diabetes have been described in association with TS. Methods We have studied the association between TS and juvenile arthritis (JA) by using a survey in which 28 pediatric rheumatology centers (15 in the USA, 10 in Europe, and 3 in Canada) participated. Results Eighteen cases of TS in a population of approximately 15,000 JRA patients have been found. Two different patterns of arthritis were present: polyarticular (7) and oligoarticular (11). Children with polyarticular disease had early onset, seronegative, progressively deforming arthritis and growth retardation. Those with oligoarticular arthritis had a benign course and were ANA+ (8/11). The oligoarticular children had varying karyotypes whereas almost all of the polyarthritic patients shared the same 45X0 karyotype (6/7). The light and electron microscopic studies of synovium performed in two patients showed chronic inflammation and hyperplasia of the synovial lining cells, vascular proliferation and infiltration with lymphocytes, plasma cells and mononuclear phagocytes. Conclusion Juvenile arthritis is a new autoimmune condition associated with Turner's syndrome. The prevalence seems to be at least six times greater than would be expected if the two conditions were only randomly associated. This is the first description of the synovium in Turner's syndrome; no differences from other forms of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were found. C1 Univ Padua, Dipartimento Pediat, I-35128 Padua, Italy. Univ Penn, Childrens Seashore House, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Temple Univ, St Christophers Hosp Children, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Zulian, F (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dipartimento Pediat, Via Giustiniani 3, I-35128 Padua, Italy. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU CLINICAL & EXPER RHEUMATOLOGY PI PISA PA VIA SANTA MARIA 31, 56126 PISA, ITALY SN 0392-856X J9 CLIN EXP RHEUMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Rheumatol. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 16 IS 4 BP 489 EP 494 PG 6 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 106PC UT WOS:000075137200019 PM 9706435 ER PT J AU Cheli, CD Marcus, M Levine, J Zhou, ZQ Anderson, PH Bankson, DD Bock, J Bodin, S Eisen, C Senior, M Schwartz, MK Yeung, KK Allard, WJ AF Cheli, CD Marcus, M Levine, J Zhou, ZQ Anderson, PH Bankson, DD Bock, J Bodin, S Eisen, C Senior, M Schwartz, MK Yeung, KK Allard, WJ TI Variation in the quantitation of prostate-specific antigen in reference material: Differences in commercial immunoassays SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SERUM; ALPHA-1-ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN; ASSAY; PSA; COMPLEX; CANCER; FORMS C1 Bayer Corp, Business Grp Diagnost, Tarrytown, NY 10591 USA. Providence St Vincent Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97225 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Huntsville Hosp, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. Hosp Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Allard, WJ (reprint author), Bayer Corp, Business Grp Diagnost, Tarrytown, NY 10591 USA. EM jeffrey.allard.b@bayer.com NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 44 IS 7 BP 1551 EP 1553 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA ZX975 UT WOS:000074574200028 PM 9665437 ER PT J AU Andes, DR Craig, WA AF Andes, DR Craig, WA TI Pharmacodynamics of fluoroquinolones in experimental models of endocarditis SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Pharmacodynamics of Antimicrobials CY JUL 21-23, 1995 CL QUEBEC CITY, CANADA SP Internatl Soc Antiinfect Pharm ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS ENDOCARDITIS; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STRAINS; AORTIC-VALVE ENDOCARDITIS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; CIPROFLOXACIN; THERAPY; EFFICACY; VANCOMYCIN; TEMAFLOXACIN; COMBINATION AB We calculated the magnitude of various serum pharmacodynamic parameters for fluoroquinolones in models of experimental endocarditis (EE) described in the literature, Nineteen publications contained data that allowed calculation of these parameters. Data were available for eight fluoroquinolones against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis, viridans streptococci, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in rabbit or rat models. Enterococci were excluded because of poor bactericidal activity, A 24-hour area under the concentration curve (AUC)/minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratio greater than or equal to 100, a peak level/MIC ratio > 8, and continuous levels above the time were associated with a significantly lower number of cfu per vegetation after 3-6 days of therapy, The 24-hour AUC/MIC exhibited the best linear correlation with cfu per vegetation after 3-6 days of therapy (r(2) = 45%). The pharmacodynamic parameters predictive of efficacy for fluoroquinolones in the treatment of experimental endocarditis are similar to those for other infectious models. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Andes, DR (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, 600 Highland Ave,Room H4-570, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 21 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 27 IS 1 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1086/514624 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZZ690 UT WOS:000074756900008 PM 9675448 ER PT J AU Sexton, DJ Craig, WA AF Sexton, DJ Craig, WA TI Pharmacists and infectious diseases specialists - Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Sexton, DJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Box 3605, Durham, NC 27710 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 27 IS 1 BP 230 EP 231 DI 10.1086/517691 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZZ690 UT WOS:000074756900055 ER PT J AU Taborsky, GJ Ahren, B Havel, PJ AF Taborsky, GJ Ahren, B Havel, PJ TI Autonomic mediation of glucagon secretion during hypoglycemia - Implications for impaired alpha-cell responses in type 1 diabetes SO DIABETES LA English DT Review ID INSULIN-INDUCED HYPOGLYCEMIA; DEFECTIVE GLUCOSE COUNTERREGULATION; SUBCUTANEOUS INSULIN; PANCREAS TRANSPLANTATION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BETA-CELLS; DEFICIENT COUNTERREGULATION; SUBSEQUENT HYPOGLYCEMIA; ANTECEDENT HYPOGLYCEMIA; EPINEPHRINE SECRETION AB This article examines the role of the autonomic nervous system in mediating the increase of glucagon secretion observed during insulin-induced hypoglycemia (IIH). In the first section, we briefly review the importance of the or-cell response in recovery from hypoglycemia under both physiologic conditions and pathophysiologic conditions, such as type 1 diabetes. We outline three possible mechanisms that may contribute to increased glucagon secretion during hypoglycemia but emphasize autonomic mediation. In the second section, we review the critical experimental data in animals, nonhuman primates, and humans suggesting that, in the absence of diabetes, the majority of the glucagon response to IIH is mediated by redundant autonomic stimulation of the islet alpha-cell. Because the glucagon response to hypoglycemia is often impaired in patients with type 1 diabetes, in the third section, we examine the possibility that autonomic impairment contributes to the impairment of the glucagon response in these patients. We review two different types of autonomic impairment. The first is a slow-onset and progressive neuropathy that worsens with duration of diabetes, and the second is a rapid-onset, but reversible, autonomic dysfunction that is acutely induced by antecedent hypoglycemia. We propose that both types of autonomic dysfunction can contribute to the impaired glucagon responses in patients with type 1 diabetes. In the fourth section, rye relate restoration of these glucagon responses to restoration of the autonomic responses to hypoglycemia. Finally, in the fifth section, we summarize the concepts underlying the autonomic hypothesis, the evidence for it, and the implications of the autonomic hypothesis for the treatment of type 1 diabetes. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Lund Univ, Malmo Univ Hosp, Dept Med, Malmo, Sweden. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA USA. RP Taborsky, GJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab 151, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM taborsky@u.washington.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-12829, DK-17047, DK-50154] NR 114 TC 139 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 EI 1939-327X J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD JUL PY 1998 VL 47 IS 7 BP 995 EP 1005 DI 10.2337/diabetes.47.7.995 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZW656 UT WOS:000074433500001 PM 9648820 ER PT J AU Krahl, SE Clark, KB Smith, DC Browning, RA AF Krahl, SE Clark, KB Smith, DC Browning, RA TI Locus coeruleus lesions suppress the seizure-attenuating effects of vagus nerve stimulation SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Article DE vagus nerve; locus coeruleus; norepinephrine; anticonvulsant; epilepsy ID CERVICAL VAGAL AFFERENTS; NOREPINEPHRINE DEPLETION; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; CENTRAL RELAYS; RATS; BRAIN; 6-HYDROXYDOPAMINE; FACILITATION; MODULATION AB Purpose: Although vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is now marketed throughout most of the world as a treatment for drug-resistant epilepsy, the therapeutic mechanism of action of VNS-induced seizure suppression has not yet been established. Elucidation of this mechanism is an important first step in the development of strategies to improve VNS efficacy. Because the locus coeruleus (LC) has been implicated in the antinociceptive effects of VNS, we chemically lesioned the LC in the present study to determine if it is a critical structure involved in the anticonvulsant mechanisms of VNS. Methods: Rats were chronically depleted of norepinephrine (NE) by a bilateral infusion of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the LC. Two weeks later, they were tested with maximal electroshock (MES) to assess VNS-induced seizure suppression. In another experiment, the LC was acutely inactivated with lidocaine, and seizure suppression was tested in a similar fashion. Results: VNS significantly reduced seizure severities of control rats. However, in animals with chronic or acute LC lesions, VNS-induced seizure suppression was attenuated. Conclusions: Our data indicate that the LC is involved in the circuitry necessary for the anticonvulsant effects of VNS. Seizure suppression by VNS may therefore depend on the release of NE, a neuromodulator that has anticonvulsant effects. These data suggest that noradrenergic agonists might enhance VNS-induced seizure suppression. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Psychol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Physiol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Krahl, SE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Bldg 114,Rm 217,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 32 TC 261 Z9 268 U1 3 U2 24 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PD JUL PY 1998 VL 39 IS 7 BP 709 EP 714 DI 10.1111/j.1528-1157.1998.tb01155.x PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZY909 UT WOS:000074674700005 PM 9670898 ER PT J AU Mertz, H Kovacs, T Thronson, M Weinstein, W AF Mertz, H Kovacs, T Thronson, M Weinstein, W TI Gastric metaplasia of the duodenum: identification by an endoscopic selective mucosal staining technique SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; CAMPYLOBACTER-PYLORI; ULCER; ACID; PATHOGENESIS; BULB AB Background: To understand the pathophysiology of duodenal ulcer disease, it is important to identify and quantitate gastric metaplasia of the duodenum, Methylene blue dye is absorbed well by intestinal mucosa, but not by gastric mucosa. Our aim was to validate a methylene blue staining technique for measurement of gastric metaplasia in the duodenum. Methods: Eight subjects with chronic duodenal ulcer disease and seven subjects with other upper intestinal disorders underwent duodenal methylene blue staining after application of a mucolytic agent. Biopsy specimens were obtained from blue-stained and pale unstained areas and assessed for gastric metaplasia histologically. Results: Pink or pale unstained duodenal areas had more gastric surface cell metaplasia than blue-stained areas. Unstained duodenum was also more likely to have extensive (more than 25% of the biopsy specimens) gastric metaplasia (60%) than blue-stained areas (9%). Subjects with duodenal ulcer disease had more unstained mucosa than controls. Conclusion: Methylene blue staining of the duodenum is useful to identify and quantitate gastric metaplasia. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, CURE Gastroent Biol Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Mertz, H (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, CURE Gastroent Biol Ctr, 1414 TVC, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 48 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70125-7 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 100CE UT WOS:000074795700005 PM 9684661 ER PT J AU Lawrence, SP Shimek, CM Deutsch, JC AF Lawrence, SP Shimek, CM Deutsch, JC TI Prostate cancer masquerading as a large rectal cancer: diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Med Serv 111E, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Lawrence, SP (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Med Serv 111E, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 48 IS 1 BP 88 EP 89 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70140-3 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 100CE UT WOS:000074795700020 PM 9684676 ER PT J AU Black, JA Dib-Hajj, S Cohen, S Hinson, AW Waxman, SG AF Black, JA Dib-Hajj, S Cohen, S Hinson, AW Waxman, SG TI Glial cells have heart: rH1 Na+ channel mRNA and protein in spinal cord astrocytes SO GLIA LA English DT Article DE astrocytes; cardiac Na channel; glial cells; immunocytochemistry; in situ hybridization; ion channels; RT-PCR; tetrodotoxin (TTX) ID ROOT GANGLION NEURONS; VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; ION CHANNELS; RAT-BRAIN; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; GROWTH CONE; TETRODOTOXIN AB Astrocytes in vitro express several distinct voltage-sensitive sodium currents, including tetrodotoxin (TTX)-resistant in non-stellate astrocytes and TTX-sensitive currents in stellate astrocytes. However, the molecular identity of the underlying channels, and the mechanisms that regulate their expression, have yet to be identified. Since spinal cord astrocytes in vitro express sodium currents that are nearly ten-fold greater that those of astrocytes derived from other regions, we used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in situ hybridization, and immunocytochemistry to search for a sodium channel mRNA and protein corresponding to a TTX-resistant channel in these cells. RT-PCR did not detect transcripts for SNS, which is known to encode a TTX-resistant current in dorsal root ganglion neurons. However, RT-PCR demonstrated the presence of rH1 mRNA in cultured spinal cord astrocytes derived from postnatal day 0 (P0) Sprague Dawley rats at 7 days in vitro and in also intact spinal cords of P0 and P7 rats. Hybridization signal for rH1 mRNA was detected by in situ hybridization cytochemistry in most non-stellate and, at varying levels, in stellate astrocytes in these cultures. Immunocytochemical studies, utilizing a polyclonal antibody (R-12) generated against a conserved polypeptide sequence of sodium channels, demonstrated sodium channel immunoreactivity in non-stellate and stellate astrocytes in these cultures. Spinal cord cultures reacted with a rH1-specific polyclonal antibody also showed rH1 immunostaining in non-stellate and stellate astrocytes, although the intensity of the rH1 immunoreactivity in both astrocyte morphologies was attenuated compared to that observed with the R-12 generic sodium channel antibody. The presence of rH1 mRNA and protein in non-stellate astrocytes in vitro provides a possible correlate for the TTX-resistant current that has been recorded in these cells. Since TTX-resistant current is not present in stellate astrocytes, the presence of rH1 mRNA and protein in these cells suggests, in addition, that post-translational mechanisms participate in the control of sodium channel expression in these cells. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Neurosci Res Ctr 127A, EPVA, PVA, W Haven, CT 06516 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Black, JA (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Neurosci Res Ctr 127A, EPVA, PVA, 950 Campbell Ave, W Haven, CT 06516 USA. EM black@biomed.med.yale.edu NR 62 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0894-1491 J9 GLIA JI Glia PD JUL PY 1998 VL 23 IS 3 BP 200 EP 208 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199807)23:3<200::AID-GLIA3>3.0.CO;2-8 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZQ895 UT WOS:000073913800003 PM 9633805 ER PT J AU Bush, RK Wood, RA Eggleston, PA AF Bush, RK Wood, RA Eggleston, PA TI Laboratory animal allergy SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FEL-D-I; MOUSE ALLERGENS; AIRBORNE CONCENTRATIONS; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; CASCADE IMPACTOR; RAT ALLERGENS; CAT ALLERGEN; RISK-FACTORS; DOG; ASTHMA AB Approximately one third of laboratory animal workers have occupational allergy to animal danders, and a third of these have symptomatic asthma. Sensitization generally occurs with the first 3 years of employment, and risk factors include atopic background, as well as job description as it relates to the intensity of exposure. A symptomatic worker can reduce allergen exposure with personal protective devices. A laboratory can further reduce exposure with generally available equipment. such as laminar flow caging, and procedures, such as frequent wet washing of vivaria and careful maintenance of ventilation systems. It is advisable to institute periodic medical screening of all laboratory animal workers with questionnaires and allergy skin testing in addition to providing them with training programs to reduce personal exposure. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Bush, RK (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 79 TC 103 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 102 IS 1 BP 99 EP 112 DI 10.1016/S0091-6749(98)70060-0 PG 14 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 102DX UT WOS:000074909500015 PM 9679853 ER PT J AU Shin, JH Lee, SK Suh, SP Ryang, SW Kim, NH Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA AF Shin, JH Lee, SK Suh, SP Ryang, SW Kim, NH Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA TI Fatal Hormonema dematioides peritonitis in a patient on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: Criteria for organism identification and review of other known fungal etiologic agents SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS PERITONITIS; CRYPTOCOCCAL PERITONITIS; CANDIDA-PERITONITIS; CURVULARIA-LUNATA; AUREOBASIDIUM-PULLULANS; HISTOPLASMA-CAPSULATUM; CATHETER COLONIZATION; EXOPHIALA-JEANSELMEI; ORAL FLUCONAZOLE; CAPD PERITONITIS AB We report a fatal case a fungal peritonitis caused by the yeast-like dematiaceous mould Hormonema dematioides in a 45-year-old woman. The woman had a 13-year history of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and had been on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure. H. dematioides was repeatedly isolated from the dialysate culture specimens collected on days 3, 9, 16, and 20 of her hospital stay. preliminary culture reports on day 7 of the growth of a yeast-like fungus, a probable Candida species, prompted the administration of fluconazole (FLU). Intraperitoneal and intravenous FLU failed to eliminate the mould, and the patient expired on day 21 of her hospital stay. We use this case to present what appears to be the first report of fungal peritonitis due to H. dematioides, to provide laboratorians with criteria for differentiating this organism from the similar mould Aureobasidium pullulans and from various yeast genera, and to provide a review of known fungal tars inciting peritonitis. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Chonnam Univ, Sch Med, Dept Clin Pathol, Kwangju 501190, South Korea. Chonnam Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Kwangju 501190, South Korea. S TExas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Sutton, DA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM suttond@uthscsa.edu NR 82 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 36 IS 7 BP 2157 EP 2163 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZU042 UT WOS:000074155400072 PM 9650991 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR AF Berenson, JR TI Long-term pamidronate in multiple myeloma - In reply SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID BONE C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 16 IS 7 BP 2572 EP 2573 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZY199 UT WOS:000074596200045 ER PT J AU Kis, AM Carnes, M AF Kis, AM Carnes, M TI Detecting iron deficiency in anemic patients with concomitant medical problems SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE iron deficiency; anemia; ferritin; total iron-binding capacity; transferrin saturation ID BONE-MARROW IRON; CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; SERUM FERRITIN ASSAY; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; CHRONIC DISEASE; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; STORES; HEMODIALYSIS; ERYTHROCYTE AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of mean corpuscular volume, transferrin saturation, total iron-binding capacity, and ferritin level in determining iron deficiency in a population of anemic veterans with a wide variety of general medical diagnoses. DESIGN: Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Hospitals of the Department of Veterans Affairs in Madison and Milwaukee, Wisconsin. PARTICIPANTS: One hundred one anemic veterans with any medical condition who underwent bone marrow aspiration and serum iron studies. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Using the presence or absence of bone marrow hemosiderin as the reference standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the following serum iron indicators were calculated: mean corpuscular volume, transferrin saturation, total iron-binding capacity, and ferritin level. Of these patients, 41 (40.6%) were categorized as iron deficient, with no stainable bone marrow hemosiderin. A serum ferritin level less than or equal to 100 mu g/L provided the best sensitivity (64.9%) and specificity (96.1%) for evaluating iron stores in this patient population. When performed within 24 hours of bone marrow examination, a serum ferritin level less than or equal to 100 mu g/L was 100% accurate in separating iron-deficient from iron-sufficient patients. None of the other serum iron indicators alone or in combination performed better than ferritin level alone. CONCLUSIONS: In a population of anemic veterans with a wide variety of concomitant medical problems, a serum ferritin level less than or equal to 100 mu g/L was optimal for determining iron deficiency. This is higher than the ferritin level of less than or equal to 50 mu g/L cited in standard textbooks as evidence of iron deficiency in patients with inflammation, infection, or malignancy. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Sect Geriatr & Gerontol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Carnes, M (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 11G, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 37 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 13 IS 7 BP 455 EP 461 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00134.x PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 102DU UT WOS:000074909200004 PM 9686711 ER PT J AU Khan, M Pahan, K Singh, AK Singh, I AF Khan, M Pahan, K Singh, AK Singh, I TI Cytokine-induced accumulation of very long-chain fatty acids in rat C6 glial cells: Implication for X-adrenoleukodystrophy SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE adrenoleukodystrophy; cytokines; very long-chain fatty acids; glia; nitric oxide ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; LINKED ADRENOLEUKODYSTROPHY; MEMBRANE MICROVISCOSITY; LIGNOCERIC ACID; ALPHA; BRAIN; GENE; ADRENOMYELONEUROPATHY; OLIGODENDROCYTES; CYTOTOXICITY AB X-Adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is an inherited metabolic disorder of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) with subsequent manifestation of neuroinflammatory disease. To investigate the possible role of proinflammatory cytokines in the X-ALD disease process, we examined the effect of cytokines on the metabolism of VLCFA in C6 glial cells expressing oligodendrocyte-like properties. C6 glial cells under serum-free conditions were treated with different combinations of cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, interferon-gamma) or cytokine with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Cytokine-treated C6 cells had higher concentrations of VLCFA, measured as percent weight and also as C-26:0/C-22:0 ratio, which were 300-400% as compared with the controls. We also found increased levels of C-26:1 in cytokine-treated cells. The accumulation of VLCFA paralleled the decrease (35-55%) in peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity and a 12- to 14-fold increase in the production of nitric oxide (NO). Individual cytokines were unable either to produce NO or to increase the levels of VLCFA in C6 cells. Inhibition of cytokine-induced NO production by L-N-methylarginine, an inhibitor of NO synthase (NOS), and N-acetylcysteine, an inhibitor of cytokine-mediated induction of inducible NOS, normalized the peroxisomal beta-oxidation activity and the levels of VLCFA, suggesting a role for the proinflammatory cytokines and NO toxicity in the neuropathological changes associated with abnormal VLCFA metabolism (e.g., X-ALD). X-ALD is a peroxisomal disease having deficient oxidation of VLCFA, resulting in the excessive accumulation of VLCFA in all tissues but especially in brain. We observed greater increase in levels of VLCFA in the inflammatory region of ALD brain (in the demyelinating plaque and the area around the plaque) than in the normal-looking area away from the plaque; this also indicates that cytokines in the proinflammatory region may augment the VLCFA defect caused by the inherited abnormality in X-ALD brain. Although C6 glial cultured cells do not reflect the X-ALD model precisely, the observed relationship between the cytokine-induced inhibition of the oxidation of VLCFA, excessive accumulation of VLCFA, and excessive production of NO and their normalization by inhibitors of NOS in C6 glial cells suggests that NO-mediated toxicity may play a role in VLCFA-associated neuroinflammatory diseases (e.g., X-ALD). C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Div Dev Neurogenet, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Charleston, SC USA. RP Singh, I (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Div Dev Neurogenet, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-22576, NS-37766] NR 36 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 71 IS 1 BP 78 EP 87 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZV232 UT WOS:000074283600008 PM 9648853 ER PT J AU Yaffe, K Grady, D Pressman, A Cummings, S AF Yaffe, K Grady, D Pressman, A Cummings, S TI Serum estrogen levels, cognitive performance, and risk of cognitive decline in older community women SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DEMENTIA-ALZHEIMERS TYPE; POST-MENOPAUSAL WOMEN; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; MEMORY; AGE; LIPOPROTEIN; ESTRADIOL; EDUCATION; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between serum estrogen levels, cognitive performance, and risk of cognitive decline in older women. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study with an average follow-up of 5 years. SETTING: Clinical centers in Baltimore, MD, Minneapolis, MN, Portland, OR, and the Monongahela Valley in Pennsylvania. PARTICIPANTS: 532 women aged 65 years or older who were the controls from two nested case-control studies in the ongoing Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. OUTCOME MEASURES:Three cognitive tests - a modified Mini-Mental Status Exam, Digit Symbol, and Trails B - were administered at study initiation and were then repeated approximately 5 years later. Estrone and estradiol levels were determined by radioimmunoassay at two laboratories from baseline stored serum. RESULTS: The characteristics of the women in the four serum estrogen quartiles did not differ except that body weight and change in weight since age 50 increased directly with higher quartile of serum estrogen (P < .001, for both estrone and estradiol). Initial cognitive performance on all three tests did not differ consistently by quartile of estradiol or by the estradiol to estrone ratio. Women in the higher estrone quartiles had 15% lower (worse) scores on Digit Symbol compared with the lower quartiles (P = .004) but there was no difference by quartile on the modified MMSE or on Trails B. Cognitive function test scores declined over the 5 years of follow-up. There was no difference in amount of change by quartile of estradiol, but women in the higher estrone quartiles had greater reduction of scores on Trails B compared with those in the lower quartiles (P = .012), even after adjusting for age, education, depression, stroke history, weight, and change in weight since age 50. The age-adjusted odds of cognitive decline (defined as tenth percentile of women with the largest decline in cognitive performance) did not vary across quartile of estrone or estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: Endogenous estrogens are not associated consistently with cognitive performance or risk of cognitive decline on a selected battery of cognitive tests in older community-dwelling women. Worse performance on two cognitive tests among women with higher estrone levels was surprising and warrants further investigation. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. Kaiser Permanente Med Care Program, Oakland, CA USA. RP Yaffe, K (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Box 111G,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05394, AG05407]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR35582] NR 41 TC 107 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 46 IS 7 BP 816 EP 821 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA ZZ397 UT WOS:000074725300002 PM 9670866 ER PT J AU Goldstein, G Allen, DN Seaton, BE AF Goldstein, G Allen, DN Seaton, BE TI A comparison of clustering solutions for cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; cognitive function; cognitive heterogeneity ID NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEFICITS AB A cluster analytic solution based upon a battery of tests consisting of the Halstead Category and Tactual Performance Tests, the Trail Making Test, and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test was compared with a solution based on the subtests of the Wechsler intelligence scales, utilizing a sample of 221 schizophrenic patients. Both analyses permitted four-cluster solutions, and we found a weak but significant degree of association between solutions. Examination of external validity of the two solutions revealed stronger associations with clinical variables for the Wechsler-scale-based solution. The major conclusions were that the existence of cognitive heterogeneity in schizophrenia exists across a broad range of abilities, and appears to reflect a combination of continuity of ability level and existence of possible subtypes requiring further neuropsychological and neurobiological verification. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ S Dakota, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 151R,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 22 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 353 EP 362 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 104ZF UT WOS:000075046600006 PM 9656609 ER PT J AU Mahoney, JE Sager, MA Jalaluddin, M AF Mahoney, JE Sager, MA Jalaluddin, M TI New walking dependence associated with hospitalization for acute medical illness: Incidence and significance SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID OLDER PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; FALLS; OUTCOMES; ADULTS; TRIAL; CARE; AGE AB Background. The ability to walk independently may become jeopardized during hospitalization. It is unknown which patients are at risk for decline in walking, or to what extent patients will recover. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of, risk factors for, and outcomes associated with new walking dependence after hospitalization. Methods. Baseline characteristics and functional outcomes at hospital discharge and 3 months after discharge were measured for 1,181 community-dwelling adults aged 70 and over who were hospitalized for medical illness and who walked independently prior to hospitalization. Results. At discharge, 16.8% of patients were newly dependent in walking. Risk factors included age > 85 (odds ratio [OR] 2.7 vs age <75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-4.9), functional impairment before hospitalization (OR 1.4 for each impairment, CI 1.1-1.7), Caucasian race (OR 1.9, CI 1.1-3.3), and use of a walker (OR 1.8, CI 1.04-3.2) or wheelchair (OR 3.2, CI 1.3-7.6) before admission. A cancer diagnosis (OR 2.3, CI 1.2-4.6) and more than four comorbid conditions (OR 1.9, CI 1.2-3.0) were also predictive. New walking dependence was associated with discharge to a nursing home (p =.0001) and higher postdischarge mortality (p <.001). Twenty-seven percent of patients who developed new walking dependence and survived 3 months continued to be dependent in walking. Conclusions. New walking dependence occurs frequently with hospitalization, may be predicted by specific risk factors, and portends a poor prognosis. Strategies are needed to help at-risk patients maintain walking independence during and after hospitalization. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Mahoney, JE (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC Serv, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1 K08 AG00623-01] NR 25 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 53 IS 4 BP M307 EP M312 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 101QR UT WOS:000074880100021 PM 18314571 ER PT J AU Ko, CW Kowdley, KV Haigh, WG Lee, SP AF Ko, CW Kowdley, KV Haigh, WG Lee, SP TI Biliary lipid composition after liver transplantation: Effect of allograft function and cyclosporine SO LIVER TRANSPLANTATION AND SURGERY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-SCATTERING DETECTION; BILE-ACIDS; P-GLYCOPROTEIN; RAT-LIVER; SECRETION; TRANSPORT; INHIBITION; SALT; HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA; QUANTITATION AB Biliary lipid composition and bile flow are altered after orthotopic liver transplantation. Cyclosporine may have additional effects on biliary lipid composition and secretion. We studied the effects of liver transplantation, allograft function, and cyclosporine on biliary lipids in humans, Changes in lipid composition and secretion were correlated with serum cyclosporine levels, clinical events, and allograft function, Bile samples were withdrawn via a T-tube at interval time points in 17 patients during the first 3 months posttransplantation. Total and individual bile acid, cholesterol, and phospholipid were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. Biliary lipid profiles were then correlated with clinical events, serum cyclosporine levels, and other clinical laboratory values. Biliary lipid concentrations decreased in 3 patients during periods of graft dysfunction (acute cellular rejection, drug-induced hepatitis, and inferior vena caval thrombosis) and increased with resolution of the graft injury, Serum cyclosporine levels were positively correlated with total bile acid, cholesterol, and phospholipid concentrations in bile. There was no relationship between the composition of secreted bile acids and serum cyclosporine levels, Bile acid, cholesterol, and phospholipid secretion were not uncoupled in the presence of cyclosporine. We concluded that (1) a decrease in biliary lipid concentrations may be an indicator of worsened graft function in some allografts; (2) biliary lipid concentrations are correlated with increasing cyclosporine levels; and (3) bile acid composition is unchanged, and uncoupling of secretion of of her biliary lipids is not observed in the presence of cyclosporine, Copyright (C) 1998 by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med 111GI, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lee, SP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med 111GI, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41678, DK 46890] NR 36 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1074-3022 J9 LIVER TRANSPLANT SUR JI Liver Transplant. Surg. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 4 BP 258 EP 264 DI 10.1002/lt.500040405 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 142DE UT WOS:000077184000002 PM 9649637 ER PT J AU Roth, JA Atkinson, EN Fossella, F Komaki, R Ryan, MB Putnam, JB Lee, JS Dhingra, H De Caro, L Chasen, M Hong, WK AF Roth, JA Atkinson, EN Fossella, F Komaki, R Ryan, MB Putnam, JB Lee, JS Dhingra, H De Caro, L Chasen, M Hong, WK TI Long-term follow-up of patients enrolled in a randomized trial comparing perioperative chemotherapy and surgery with surgery alone in resectable stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer SO LUNG CANCER LA English DT Article DE lung cancer; induction chemotherapy; randomized trial; cisplatin ID PREOPERATIVE CHEMOTHERAPY; PHASE-II; NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; RADIATION-THERAPY; CISPLATIN; IRRADIATION; VINDESINE; CARCINOMA AB Our previously reported randomized study of patients with untreated, potentially resectable clinical stage IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer found that patients treated with perioperative chemotherapy and surgery had a significant increase in median survival compared to patients treated with surgery alone. We have now re-analyzed the results of the study with a median time from random allocation to analysis for all patients of 82 months. The increase in survival conferred by perioperative chemotherapy was maintained during the period of extended observation. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Tumor Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Biomath, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Thorac Head & Neck Med Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Radiotherapy, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Bassett Hlth Care, Dept Surg, Cooperstown, NY 13326 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Clin De Genolier, CH-1272 Genolier, Switzerland. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Roth, JA (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Thorac & Cardiovasc Surg, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,Box 109, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA16672, P50-CA70907] NR 17 TC 288 Z9 303 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0169-5002 J9 LUNG CANCER-J IASLC JI Lung Cancer PD JUL PY 1998 VL 21 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/S0169-5002(98)00046-4 PG 6 WC Oncology; Respiratory System SC Oncology; Respiratory System GA 127FF UT WOS:000076339400001 PM 9792048 ER PT J AU Segu, VBG Li, GD Metz, SA AF Segu, VBG Li, GD Metz, SA TI Use of a soluble tetrazolium compound to assay metabolic activation of intact beta cells SO METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article ID INDUCED INSULIN RELEASE; ISOLATED PANCREATIC-ISLETS; COLORIMETRIC ASSAY; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; HIT CELLS; MITOCHONDRIAL; SECRETION; EVENTS; MTT; DEHYDROGENASE AB Although assessments of metabolic activation are central to studies of beta-cell function, available techniques are tedious, insensitive, and/or require cell disruption. We have investigated the use of a new water-soluble tetrazolium salt, MTS (3-[4,5,dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-5-[3-carboxymethoxy-phenyl]-2-[4-sulfophenyl]-2H -tetrazolium, inner salt), in the presence of phenazine methosulfate (PMS), an intermediate electron acceptor that amplifies its signal (fluorescence at 490 nm). During static incubations of glucose-responsive (HIT-T15 or INS-1) dispersed beta cells with increasing glucose concentrations, there was a progressive increase in MTS reduction, with a maximum signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio of 24 with HIT-T15 cells and 10 with INS-1 cells. This was associated with, but not attributable to, parallel increases in insulin secretion. Pure mitochondrial fuels (alpha-ketoisocaproate [KIC], methyl pyruvate [MP], or L-glutamine [GLN] + L-leucine [LEU]) also increased the reduction of MTS in INS-1 cells (6.5-, 4.8-, and 14.4-fold, respectively), but generally less than glucose, suggesting a major role of glycolysis in the signal induced by glucose. Inhibitors of glucose metabolism (mannoheptulose [MH], lodoacetate [IA], or 2-deoxyglucose [2-DG]) markedly reduced the glucose-stimulated MTS signal. in comparison to another tetrazolium compound, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), MTS assay provided a better S/N ratio with glucose or other nutrient secretagogues. Extant theory holds that activation of mitochondrial dehydrogenases by increments in Ca2+ influx couples glycolysis to mitochondrial oxidation of glucose-derived fuels. However, reduction of fuel-induced calcium influx (by Ca2+-free medium or diazoxide [DZX]) or direct stimulation of calcium influx (by 40 mmol/L K+) failed to significantly modulate the signal, arguing against this theory. We conclude that the MTS assay is a facile test that reflects the global metabolic function of insulin-secreting beta cells. Furthermore, since this assay does not require disruption of cells to solubilize the formazan product, and therefore also allows concomitant measurement of insulin secretion, it offers considerable advantages over earlier methods. Copyright (C) 1998 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Clin Sci, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Endocrinol Sect, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Med Serv, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Endocrinol Sect, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Segu, VBG (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Clin Sci, Sch Med, Dept Med, H4-568,600 Highland ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 37312] NR 30 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0026-0495 J9 METABOLISM JI Metab.-Clin. Exp. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 47 IS 7 BP 824 EP 830 DI 10.1016/S0026-0495(98)90120-2 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZY492 UT WOS:000074627200011 PM 9667229 ER PT J AU Kaysen, GA Webster, S Al-Bander, H Jones, H Hutchison, FN AF Kaysen, GA Webster, S Al-Bander, H Jones, H Hutchison, FN TI High-protein diets augment albuminuria in rats with Heymann nephritis by angiotensin II-dependent and -independent mechanisms SO MINERAL AND ELECTROLYTE METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE kinins; nephrotic syndrome; losartan; enalapril; angiotensin receptor binding ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; MESSENGER-RNA; MODULATION; RECEPTOR; RENIN; KIDNEY AB Urinary albumin excretion (UalbV) increases following dietary protein augmentation (DPA) in nephrotic humans and rats, Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) blunt, but do not entirely prevent, increased UalbV at doses that reduce blood pressure and entirely block the presser effect of exogenously administered angiotensin I (Ang-I), suggesting that angiotensin II (Ang-II) might not mediate the effect of DPA on UalbV We determined the effect of losartan (Los), a specific Ang-II receptor antagonist, and compared its effect to that of enalapril(En), an ACEI: on DPA-induced increase in UalbV in rats with passive Heymann nephritis (HN). When Los was administered to HN rats for 48 h prior to DPA from 8.5 to 40% casein, UalbV increased in an identical fashion in treated and untreated rats, even though Los caused hypotension and prevented the presser effect of infused Ang-II, Only on day 6 after DPA did UalbV decrease, We then measured the effect of duration of pretreatment with Los on Ang-II binding to isolated glomeruli, Maximal inhibition of Ang-II binding required treatment with Los for 6 days, We then pretreated HN rats with either En or Los for 6 days prior to DPA. In contrast to administration of Los for 2 days prior to DPA, pretreatment with either Les or En for 6 days entirely prevented any increase in UalbV We then increased dietary NaCl from 0.2% to 2% (HS) to determine whether En or Los would modulate UalbV after DPA when Ang-II activity was suppressed, En reduced the DPA-mediated increase in UalbV regardless of dietary NaCl, while Los was effective only in when dietary NaCl was reduced (0.2%), suggesting that under these conditions ACEI reduces UalbV by a mechanism that is independent of inhibition of Ang-II and that high protein diets augment UalbV by both Ang-II-independent and Ang-II-dependent mechanisms. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Dept Med,Renal Biochem Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Dept Vet Affairs No Calif Syst Clin, Pleasant Hill, CA USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC USA. RP Kaysen, GA (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, Dept Med,Renal Biochem Lab, TB 136, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM gakaysen@ucdavis.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 43186, DK 42297] NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0378-0392 J9 MINER ELECTROL METAB JI Miner. Electrolyte Metab. PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 24 IS 4 BP 238 EP 245 DI 10.1159/000057376 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZC643 UT WOS:000072602100005 PM 9554562 ER PT J AU Anand, BS AF Anand, BS TI Drug treatment of portal hypertension SO NATIONAL MEDICAL JOURNAL OF INDIA LA English DT Review ID VASOPRESSIN PLUS NITROGLYCERIN; ESOPHAGEAL VARICEAL HEMORRHAGE; CIRRHOTIC RAT-LIVER; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; NITRIC-OXIDE; ISOSORBIDE MONONITRATE; PRESSURE; PROPRANOLOL; PREVENTION; ISOSORBIDE-5-MONONITRATE AB Despite advances in endoscopic management, variceal bleeding is still associated with a significant mortality. In recent years, several therapeutic agents have been shown to lower the portal pressure and reduce variceal bleeding. In patients presenting with acute variceal bleeding, the drug of choice is somatostatin; it is as effective as endoscopic treatment and is virtually free of side-effects. The second-line drug therapy in acute variceal bleeding is a combination of vasopressin and nitroglycerine. Every patient with a history of variceal bleeding is at an increased risk of rebleeding and should receive some form of preventive therapy. In these patients, non-selective beta-blockers and endoscopic treatment are equally effective and either modality can be used, Since each episode of variceal bleeding carries a 30%-50% risk of death, cirrhotics who have never experienced variceal bleeding but are at high risk to develop this complication (high portal pressure, variceal grade III and IV, and presence of red wale markings over the varices) should be identified and treated. Beta-blockers are the treatment of choice and should be continued for the rest of the patient's life. Isosorbide-5-mononitrate is also useful in lowering the portal pressure and may be combined with beta-blockers in those who do not respond to the use of beta-blockers alone. However, isosorbiXde-5-mononitrate should not be given alone for a long duration because of its adverse haemodynamic effects. Additional measures which are useful in decreasing the risk of variceal breeding are good control of ascites, especially with spironolactone and a low salt diet, and early recognition and treatment of bacterial infections. C1 VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Sect 3D, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Anand, BS (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Sect 3D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ALL INDIA INST MEDICAL SCIENCES PI NEW DELHI PA ANSARI NAGAR, NEW DELHI 110 029, INDIA SN 0970-258X J9 NATL MED J INDIA JI Natl. Med. J. India PD JUL-AUG PY 1998 VL 11 IS 4 BP 173 EP 177 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 134XQ UT WOS:000076769400007 PM 9808974 ER PT J AU Mummidi, S Ahuja, SS Gonzalez, E Anderson, SA Santiago, EN Stephan, KT Craig, FE O'Connell, P Tryon, V Clark, RA Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK AF Mummidi, S Ahuja, SS Gonzalez, E Anderson, SA Santiago, EN Stephan, KT Craig, FE O'Connell, P Tryon, V Clark, RA Dolan, MJ Ahuja, SK TI Genealogy of the CCR5 locus and chemokine system gene variants associated with altered rates of HIV-1 disease progression SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; RECEPTOR; ENTRY; LESTR/FUSIN; INDIVIDUALS; RESISTANCE; COFACTOR; LIGAND; ALLELE; SDF-1 AB Allelic variants for the HIV-1 co-receptors chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) and CCR2, as well as the ligand for the co-receptor CXCR4 stromal-derived factor (SDF-1), have been associated with a delay in disease progression. We began this study to test whether polymorphisms in the CCR5 regulatory regions influence the course of HIV-1 disease, as well as to examine the role of the previously identified allelic variants in 1,090 HIV-1 infected individuals. Here we describe the evolutionary relationships between the phenotypically important CCR5 alleles, define precisely the CCR5 regulatory sequences that are linked to the CCR5-Delta 32 and CCR2-64i polymorphisms, and identify genotypes associated with altered rates of HIV-1 disease progression. The disease-retarding effects of the CCR2-641 allele were found in African Americans but not in Caucasians, and the SDF1-3'A/3'A genotype was associated with an accelerated progression to death. In contrast, the CCR5-Delta 32 allele and a CCR5 promoter mutation with which it is tightly linked were associated with limited disease-retarding effects. Collectively, these findings draw attention to a complex array of genetic determinants in the HIV-host interplay. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Ahuja, SK (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Mummidi, Srinivas/C-1004-2008 OI Mummidi, Srinivas/0000-0002-4068-6380 NR 34 TC 265 Z9 277 U1 1 U2 7 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 4 IS 7 BP 786 EP 793 DI 10.1038/nm0798-786 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZX687 UT WOS:000074543900032 PM 9662369 ER PT J AU Frazao, JM Elangovan, L Felsenfeld, AJ Stanley, TM Cohen, AH AF Frazao, JM Elangovan, L Felsenfeld, AJ Stanley, TM Cohen, AH TI Epstein-Barr-virus-induced interstitial nephritis in an HIV-positive patient with progressive renal failure SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Epstein-Barr virus; interstitial nephritis; HIV; in-situ hybridization; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; IGA NEPHROPATHY; INFECTION; DISEASE C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Frazao, JM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Frazao, Joao/J-9811-2013 OI Frazao, Joao/0000-0002-8081-5474 NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 13 IS 7 BP 1849 EP 1852 DI 10.1093/ndt/13.7.1849 PG 4 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA ZZ055 UT WOS:000074691200051 PM 9681746 ER PT J AU Patterson, TA Brot, MD Zavosh, A Schenk, JO Szot, P Figlewicz, DP AF Patterson, TA Brot, MD Zavosh, A Schenk, JO Szot, P Figlewicz, DP TI Food deprivation decreases mRNA and activity of the rat dopamine transporter SO NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insulin; dopamine transporter; catecholamines; food deprivation; in situ hybridization ID DISK ELECTRODE VOLTAMMETRY; INDUCED DIABETIC RATS; MESSENGER-RNA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; SEROTONIN TRANSPORTER; STRIATAL TRANSPORTER; IN-VITRO; COCAINE; BRAIN AB We have hypothesized that the midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are a target for insulin action in the central nervous system (CNS). In support of this hypothesis, we have previously demon strated that direct intracerebroventricular infusion of insulin results in an increase in mRNA levels for the DA reuptake transporter (DAT). In this study, 24- to 36-hour food deprivation was used as a model of decreased CNS insulin levels, to test whether DAT mRNA levels, DAT protein concentration or DAT functional activity would be decreased. DAT mRNA levels, assessed by in situ hybridization, were significantly decreased in the ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra pars compacta (VTA/SNc) (77 +/- 7% of controls, p < 0.05) of food-deprived (hypoinsulinemic) rats. Binding of a specific high-affinity DAT ligand (I-125-RTI-121) to membranes from brain regions of fasted or free-feeding rats provided an estimate of DAT protein, which was unchanged in both of the major terminal projection fields, the striatum and nucleus accumbens (NAc). In addition, we utilized the rotating disk electrode voltametry technique to assess possible changes in the function of the DAT in fasting (hypoinsulinemic) rats. The V-max of DA uptake was significantly decreased (87 +/- 7% of control, p < 0.05), without a change in the K-m of uptake, in striatum from fasted rats. In vitro incubation with a physiological concentration (1 nM) of insulin resulted in an increase of striatal DA uptake to control levels. We conclude that striatal DAT function can be modulated by fasting and nutritional status, with a contribution transporter by insulin. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Washington State Univ, Dept Chem, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. RP Figlewicz, DP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychol, 1660 So Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM latte@u.washington.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA073840]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK40963] NR 54 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 5 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-3835 EI 1423-0194 J9 NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY JI Neuroendocrinology PD JUL PY 1998 VL 68 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1159/000054345 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 100ZT UT WOS:000074845700002 PM 9695934 ER PT J AU Handforth, A DeGiorgio, CM Schachter, SC Uthman, BM Naritoku, DK Tecoma, ES Henry, TR Collins, SD Vaughn, BV Gilmartin, RC Labar, DR Morris, GL Salinsky, MC Osorio, I Ristanovic, RK Labiner, DM Jones, JC Murphy, JV Ney, GC Wheless, JW AF Handforth, A DeGiorgio, CM Schachter, SC Uthman, BM Naritoku, DK Tecoma, ES Henry, TR Collins, SD Vaughn, BV Gilmartin, RC Labar, DR Morris, GL Salinsky, MC Osorio, I Ristanovic, RK Labiner, DM Jones, JC Murphy, JV Ney, GC Wheless, JW TI Vagus nerve stimulation therapy for partial-onset seizures - A randomized active-control trial SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOCAL EPILEPTIFORM ACTIVITY; LOCUS CERULEUS STIMULATION; INTRACTABLE SEIZURES; RAT; SUPPRESSION; CONNECTIONS; AFFERENT; EPILEPSY; NUCLEUS; SYSTEM AB Objective: The purpose of this multicenter, add-on, double-blind, randomized, active-control study was to compare the efficacy and safety of presumably therapeutic (high) vagus nerve stimulation with less (low) stimulation. Background: Chronic intermittent left vagus nerve stimulation has been shown in animal models and in preliminary clinical trials to suppress the occurrence of seizures, Methods: Patients had at least six partial-onset seizures over 30 days involving complex partial or secondarily generalized seizures. Concurrent antiepileptic drugs were unaltered. After a 3-month baseline, patients were surgically implanted with stimulating leads coiled around the left vagus nerve and connected to an infraclavicular subcutaneous programmable pacemaker-like generator. After randomization, device initiation, and a 2-week ramp-up period, patients were assessed for seizure counts and safety over 3 months. The primary efficacy variable was the percentage change in total seizure frequency compared with baseline. Results: Patients receiving high stimulation (94 patients, ages 13 to 54 years) had an average 28% reduction in total seizure frequency compared with a 15% reduction in the low stimulation group (102 patients, ages 15 to 60 year; p = 0.04). The high-stimulation group also had greater improvements on global evaluation scores, as rated by a blinded interviewer and the patient. High stimulation was associated with more voice alteration and dyspnea. No changes in physiologic indicators of gastric, cardiac, or pulmonary functions occurred. Conclusions: Vagus nerve stimulation is an effective and safe adjunctive treatment for patients with refractory partial-onset seizures. It represents the advent of a new, nonpharmacologic treatment for epilepsy. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv W127, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ Florida, Coll Med, DVA Med Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. So Illinois Univ, Sch Med, Springfield, IL USA. Univ Calif San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Res Inst Kansas, Wichita, KS USA. Cornell Univ, New York Hosp, New York, NY USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Childrens Mercy Hosp, Kansas City, KS USA. Long Isl Jewish Med Ctr, New Hyde Park, NY 11042 USA. Univ Texas, Houston, TX USA. RP Handforth, A (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv W127, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Henry, Thomas/0000-0002-5708-903X NR 42 TC 559 Z9 570 U1 4 U2 29 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUL PY 1998 VL 51 IS 1 BP 48 EP 55 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 103HL UT WOS:000075151800014 PM 9674777 ER PT J AU Craft, S Teri, L Edland, SD Kukull, WA Schellenberg, G McCormick, WC Bowen, JD Larson, EB AF Craft, S Teri, L Edland, SD Kukull, WA Schellenberg, G McCormick, WC Bowen, JD Larson, EB TI Accelerated decline in apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 homozygotes with Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID E EPSILON-4 ALLELE; E GENOTYPE; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; COGNITIVE DECLINE; TYPE-4 ALLELE; HEAD-INJURY; BINDING; PROGRESSION; HIPPOCAMPUS; DEPOSITION AB Background: The apolipoprotein E-epsilon 4 (APOE-epsilon 4) allele is a powerful genetic risk factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD patients who are APOE-epsilon 4 homozygotes have an earlier age at onset, increased amyloid burden, and decreased acetylcholine levels-findings that suggest differences in disease severity or rate of progression. Studies of genotype differences in rate of decline, however, have produced negative results that may be due to methodologic biases. The current study examined rate of decline in the largest sample of APOE-genotyped AD patients for whom longitudinal cognitive data have been reported. Methods: Newly diagnosed patients with probable AD (n = 201) comprised four genotype groups: epsilon 2/3 (n = 14), epsilon 3/3 (n = 75), epsilon 3/4 (n = 82), and epsilon 4/4 (n = 30). The Dementia Rating Scale (DRS) was administered at baseline and then annually for 1 to 6 years (mean, 2.5 years). For each subject, a DRS slope was calculated reflecting annual rate of decline. Rate of decline as measured by DRS slope differed according to genotype, with the effect modified by DRS score (p < 0.014). At the mean DRS score observed in our sample (DRS = 105), the epsilon 4/4 group had an increased rate of decline (11.9 points per year) relative to the epsilon 2/3 (5.8 points per year; p < 0.003), epsilon 3/3 (9.3 points per year; p < 0.076), and epsilon 3/4 (9.6 points per year; p < 0.055) groups. At a lower DRS score (DRS = 80), even larger differences were observed among genotypes; the epsilon 4/4 group had a increased rate of decline (22.2 points per year) relative to the epsilon 2/3 (9.7 points per year; p < 0.0006), epsilon 3/4 (15.8 points per year; p < 0.020), and epsilon 3/3 (18.2 points per year; p < 0.173) groups. The epsilon 2/3 group had a significantly slower rate of decline than all other groups at DRS scores of 80 or 105. Conclusions: APOE-epsilon 4 homozygosity is associated with a faster rate of cognitive decline, whereas the epsilon 2 allele slows disease progression. These findings suggest that APOE plays a mechanistic role in the progression of AD, and is not simply related to disease onset. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182B, Seattle, WA 98018 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Craft, S (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98018 USA. EM scraft@u.washington.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [U01 AG-06781, R01 AG-05136, R01 AG-10880] NR 34 TC 111 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUL PY 1998 VL 51 IS 1 BP 149 EP 153 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 103HL UT WOS:000075151800031 PM 9674794 ER PT J AU Kaye, JA AF Kaye, JA TI Diagnostic challenges in dementia SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEWY BODY DISEASE; PROGRESSIVE SUBCORTICAL GLIOSIS; IDIOPATHIC PARKINSONS-DISEASE; FRONTAL-LOBE DEGENERATION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP; COMMUNITY POPULATION; EXTRAPYRAMIDAL SIGNS; CLINICAL-DIAGNOSIS; VASCULAR DEMENTIA AB As the population ages, increasing numbers of patients will present with dementia. Diagnosis may be very straightforward, as in an individual with dementia secondary to an obvious medical illness. However, the differential diagnosis of dementia may be less clear. Diagnostically challenging cases tend to appear in the setting of dementias that present without distinctive neurologic signs or evidence of medical or neurologic disease, such as Alzheimer's disease or the frontotemporal dementias. A similar diagnostic challenge is seen in dementias that present with neurologic signs but without obvious significant medical disorders, such as the parkinsonian dementias or the vascular dementias. In recent years, the presentations of these dementias have become more sharply drawn on the basis of consensus reviews of clinicopathologic correlations. Because each of these disorders has unique treatment and management strategies, the ability of clinicians to differentiate among these syndromes has become critically important. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Aging & Alzheimer Dis Ctr, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Kaye, JA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Aging & Alzheimer Dis Ctr, Dept Neurol, L226,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08017] NR 44 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUL PY 1998 VL 51 IS 1 SU 1 BP S45 EP S52 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 102GR UT WOS:000074916500006 PM 9674762 ER PT J AU Timchenko, NA Wilde, M Kosai, KI Heydari, A Bilyeu, TA Finegold, MJ Mohamedali, K Richardson, A Darlington, GJ AF Timchenko, NA Wilde, M Kosai, KI Heydari, A Bilyeu, TA Finegold, MJ Mohamedali, K Richardson, A Darlington, GJ TI Regenerating livers of old rats contain high levels of C/EBP alpha that correlate with altered expression of cell cycle associated proteins SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ENHANCER-BINDING-PROTEIN; DEPENDENT KINASES; ADIPOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; PROLIFERATION; INHIBITION; P21; MICE; P53 AB The nuclear transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha) is expressed at high levels in the liver and Inhibits growth in cultured cells. We have tested the correlation between C/EBP alpha levels, cell cycle proteins and hepatocyte proliferation in old and young animals as an in vivo model system in which the proliferative response to partial hepatectomy (PH) has been shown to be reduced and delayed in old animals. Here we present evidence that the expression of C/EBP alpha in old rats (24 months) differs from its expression in young animals (6-10 months) during liver regeneration. Induction of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), a marker of DNA synthesis, occurs at 24 h after PH in young rats but is delayed and reduced in old animals. Induction of the mitotic-specific protein, cdc2 p34, is 3-4-fold less in regenerating liver of old rats than in the liver of young animals, confirming the reduced proliferative response in old animals. In young rats,the normal regenerative response involves a reduction of 3-4-fold in the levels of C/EBP alpha protein at 3-24 h. In old animals, C/EBP alpha is not reduced within 24 h after PH, but a decrease of C/EBP alpha protein levels can be detected at 72 h after PH. Induction of C/EBP beta, another member of the C/EBP family, is delayed in old animals. Changes in the expression of C/EBP proteins are accompanied by alteration of the CDK inhibitor, p21, which is also decreased in young rats after PH, but in old animals remains unchanged. High levels of p21 protein in older animals correlate with the lack of cdk2 activation. We suggest that the failure to reduce the amount of C/EBP alpha and p21 is a critical event in the dysregulation of hepatocyte proliferation in old animals following PH. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78248 USA. RP Timchenko, NA (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM nikolait@bcm.tmc.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG13663, AG00765-01]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK45285] NR 30 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD JUL 1 PY 1998 VL 26 IS 13 BP 3293 EP 3299 DI 10.1093/nar/26.13.3293 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ZX893 UT WOS:000074566000031 PM 9628932 ER PT J AU Engler, MM Schambelan, M Engler, MB Ball, DL Goodfriend, TL AF Engler, MM Schambelan, M Engler, MB Ball, DL Goodfriend, TL TI Effects of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on blood pressure and adrenal angiotensin receptors in hypertensive rats SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACIDS; EVENING PRIMROSE; OIL; REACTIVITY; RESPONSES; BORAGE; N-6 AB In a previous study, we showed that dietary gamma linolenic acid (GLA), an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid found in borage oil (BOR), attenuates the development of hypertension in young spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of dietary GLA on established hypertension in adult rats, as well as its effects on components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis. For 5 weeks, male SHR (14-15 weeks old) were fed a basal fat-free diet to which 11% by weight of sesame oil (SES) or BOR was added. Systolic blood pressure (SBP), determined by the tail cuff method, and weight were measured weekly. Plasma renin activity (PRA), aldosterone (PA), and corticosterone (PC) levels were measured at the end of the dietary treatments. The adrenal glands were homogenized, and angiotensin II (ANG II) binding was measured and plotted according to Scatchard, Systolic blood pressure was 12 mmHg lower at Week 5 in SHR fed the BOR diet compared to SES-fed rats (P < 0.005). Weight gains were similar in both dietary groups. Plasma aldosterone was lower, PRA was higher, and the PA/PRA ratio was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in BOR-fed rats. Levels of PC were the same in both groups. The BOR-enriched diet reduced adrenal ANG II receptor density and affinity compared to the SES diet. Results suggest that BOR inhibits adrenal responsiveness to ANG II by an action on adrenal receptors. Our findings demonstrated that dietary GLA lowers SEP in adult SHR, This effect may be mediated, at least in part, by interference with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system at the level of adrenal ANG II receptors. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol Nursing, Lab Cardiovasc Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Endocrinol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pharmacol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Engler, MM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol Nursing, Lab Cardiovasc Physiol, Room N611Y,Box 0610, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 11046] NR 22 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0037-9727 J9 P SOC EXP BIOL MED JI Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 218 IS 3 BP 234 EP 237 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZU828 UT WOS:000074239500011 PM 9648942 ER PT J AU Petrie, EC Veith, RC Szot, P AF Petrie, EC Veith, RC Szot, P TI Bupropion and desipramine increase dopamine transporter mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area substantia nigra of rat brain SO PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review DE bupropion; desipramine; dopamine; mRNA; substantia nigra; transporter; ventral tegmental area ID MESSENGER-RNA; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; LOCUS-CERULEUS; NOREPINEPHRINE TRANSPORTER; INVIVO MICRODIALYSIS; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; BINDING-SITES; IN-VIVO; ANTIDEPRESSANTS; BLOCKADE AB 1. Regulation of dopamine transporter (DAT) mRNA was studied in rats treated with the DAT blocker bupropion (BUP; 15 or 30 mg/kg tid x 2d), the norepinephrine transporter blocker desipramine (DMI; 10 mg/kg/d x 2d), or saline. 2. mRNA expression was assessed via in situ hybridization histochemistry, 3. BUP and DMI both increased DAT mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra. 4. These findings suggest that DAT mRNA expression in the brain may be regulated by both noradrenergic and dopaminergic mechanisms. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv 116, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Petrie, EC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv 116, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0278-5846 J9 PROG NEURO-PSYCHOPH JI Prog. Neuro-Psychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry PD JUL PY 1998 VL 22 IS 5 BP 845 EP 856 DI 10.1016/S0278-5846(98)00044-X PG 12 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA ZZ480 UT WOS:000074733600010 PM 9723124 ER PT J AU Mellors, JW AF Mellors, JW TI Viral-load tests provide valuable answers SO SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN LA English DT Article C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, HIV AIDS Programs, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mellors, JW (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, HIV AIDS Programs, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCI AMERICAN INC PI NEW YORK PA 415 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0036-8733 J9 SCI AM JI Sci.Am. PD JUL PY 1998 VL 279 IS 1 BP 90 EP 93 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZW260 UT WOS:000074391600035 PM 9648302 ER PT J AU Nagy, AK Knowles, AF Nagami, GT AF Nagy, AK Knowles, AF Nagami, GT TI Molecular cloning of the chicken oviduct ecto-ATP-diphosphohydrolase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOSIDE TRIPHOSPHATE HYDROLASE; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; PURIFICATION; PROTEIN; CD39; DIPHOSPHATASE; ANTIBODIES; APYRASE; MUSCLE; COMMON AB The chicken oviduct ecto-ATP diphosphohydrolase (ATPDase), a member of the ecto-ATPase family, was purified to homogeneity previously (Strobel, R. S., Nagy, A. K., Knowles, A, F,, Buegel, J., and Rosenberg, M. O. (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 16323-16331), It is an 80-kDa glycoprotein with high specific activity (approximately 1,000 mu mol/min/mg with MgATP as the substrate) and hydrolyzes both nucleoside triphosphates and diphosphates. Using amino acid sequence information obtained from the purified enzyme, two partial cDNA clones were obtained using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and library screening. This is the second ecto-ATPase family member and the first ecto-ATPDase to be cloned hom information derived from purified proteins. The deduced primary sequence of the chicken oviduct ecto-ATPDase indicates a protein of 493 amino acid residues with a molecular mass of 54 kDa. The predicted orientation shows it to be anchored to the membrane by two transmembranous segments near the NH2 and COOH termini with very short intracytoplasmic peptides at either end. The bulk of the protein is extracellular and contains 12 potential N-glycosylation sites, several potential phosphorylation sites, and five sequences that are conserved in seven other related membrane proteins, Four of the conserved sequences, designated as apyrase conserved regions, are present in both ecto-ATPases and soluble E-type ATPases, The fifth conserved region, which occurs near the COOH terminus of the eight proteins, is observed only in the membrane-bound ecto-ATPases. Unexpectedly, sequence comparison revealed that the chicken oviduct ecto-ATPDase is equally distant from the two ecto-ATPases, which exhibit low activity toward ADP, and the four putative ecto-ATPDases, which are closely related to CD39. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. San Diego State Univ, Dept Chem, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Nagami, GT (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 45 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD JUN 26 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 26 BP 16043 EP 16049 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.26.16043 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA ZW685 UT WOS:000074436600026 PM 9632655 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Kahan, JP Bernstein, SJ Leape, LL Kamberg, CJ Park, RE AF Shekelle, PG Kahan, JP Bernstein, SJ Leape, LL Kamberg, CJ Park, RE TI The reproducibility of a method to identify the overuse and underuse of medical procedures SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-STATE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CORONARY-ANGIOGRAPHY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; APPROPRIATENESS; HYSTERECTOMY; VARIABILITY; TRIALS; CARE; AGREEMENT AB Background To assess the overuse and underuse of medical procedures, various methods have been developed, but their reproducibility has not been evaluated. This study estimates the reproducibility of one commonly used method. Methods We performed a parallel, three-way replication of the RAND-University of California at Los Angeles appropriateness method as applied to two medical procedures, coronary revascularization and hysterectomy. Three nine-member multidisciplinary panels of experts were composed for each procedure by stratified random sampling from a list of experts nominated by the relevant specialty societies. Each panel independently rated the same set of clinical scenarios in terms of the appropriateness of the relevant procedure on a risk-benefit scale ranging from 1 to 9. Final ratings were used to classify the procedure in each scenario as necessary or not necessary (to evaluate underuse) and inappropriate or not inappropriate (to evaluate overuse). Reproducibility was measured by overall agreement and by the kappa statistic. The criteria for underuse and overuse derived from these ratings were then applied to real populations of patients who had undergone coronary revascularization or hysterectomy. Results The rates of agreement among the three coronary-revascularization panels were 95, 94, and 96 percent for inappropriate-use scenarios and 93, 92, and 92 percent for necessary-use scenarios. Agreement among the three hysterectomy panels was 88, 70, and 74 percent for inappropriate-use scenarios. Scenarios involving necessary use of hysterectomy were not assessed. The three-way kappa statistic to detect overuse was 0.52 for coronary revascularization and 0.51 for hysterectomy. The three-way kappa statistic to detect underuse of coronary revascularization was 0.83. Application of individual panels' criteria to real populations of patients resulted in a 100 percent variation in the proportion of cases classified as inappropriate and a 20 percent variation in the proportion of cases classified as necessary. Conclusions The appropriateness method is far from perfect. Appropriateness criteria may be useful in comparing levels of appropriate procedures among populations but should not by themselves be used to direct care for individual patients. (N Engl J Med 1998; 338:1888-95.) (C) 1998, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Rand Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Dept Hlth Management & policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), Rand Corp, 1700 Main St,POB 2138, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [HSO7185-02] NR 36 TC 235 Z9 236 U1 0 U2 4 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 25 PY 1998 VL 338 IS 26 BP 1888 EP 1895 DI 10.1056/NEJM199806253382607 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZV898 UT WOS:000074352800007 PM 9637810 ER PT J AU Shapiro, L Heidenreich, KA MEintzer, MK Dinarello, CA AF Shapiro, L Heidenreich, KA MEintzer, MK Dinarello, CA TI Role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in HIV type 1 production in vitro SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE interleukin 1 ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MAP KINASE; IN-VITRO; CELLS; PHOSPHORYLATION; INTERLEUKIN-1; EXPRESSION; CASCADE; STRESS; CYTOKINES AB The proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (LL)-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) promote HIV type 1 viral replication in vitro. In the present studies, HIV production was increased in the macrophagic U1 cell line expressing the HIV genome after exposure to IL-1 beta, osmotic stress, or surface adhesion, suggesting a confluence of signaling pathways for proinflammatory cytokines and cell stressors. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) mediates both cytokine and stress responses; thus the role of this kinase in HIV production was investigated. HIV production as measured by p24 antigen correlated with changes in the expression of a specific (non-alpha) isoform of p38 MAPK. In the presence of a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor (p38 inh), IL-1 beta-induced HIV production was suppressed by more than 90% and IL-1 beta-induced IL-8 production was suppressed completely, both with IC50 of 0.01 mu M. p38 inhibition blocked cell-associated p24 antigen and secreted virus to a similar extent. The p38 inh also decreased constitutive HIV production in freshly infected peripheral blood mononuclear cells by up to 50% (P < 0.05:. Interruption of p38 MAPK activity represents a viable target for inhibition of HIV. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Dinarello, CA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Box B168,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. EM Charles.Dinarello@UCHSC.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 15614, R01 AI015614, R56 AI015614] NR 28 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 23 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 13 BP 7422 EP 7426 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.13.7422 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZW683 UT WOS:000074436400035 PM 9636165 ER PT J AU McGee, SR Boyko, EJ AF McGee, SR Boyko, EJ TI Physical examination and chronic lower-extremity ischemia - A critical review SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; CLINICAL-EVALUATION; OCCLUSIVE DISEASE; PULSE PALPATION; DIAGNOSTIC METHODS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; CLAUDICATION; PRESSURE; EXERCISE AB Objective: To determine the clinical utility of physical examination in patients with suspected chronic ischemia of the lower extremities. Data Sources: MEDLINE search (January 1966 to January 1997), personal files, and bibliographies of textbooks on physical diagnosis, surgery, and vascular surgery. Study Selection: Both authors independently graded the studies as level 1, 2, or 3, according to predetermined criteria. Criteria deemed essential for analysis of sensitivity, specificity, and likelihood ratios were (1) clear definition of study population, (2) clear definition of physical examination maneuver, and (3) use of an acceptable criterion standard test for comparison. Results: The following positive findings help clinicians diagnose the presence of peripheral arterial disease: abnormal pedal pulses, a unilaterally cool extremity, a prolonged venous filling time, and a femoral bruit. Other physical signs help determine the extent and distribution of vascular disease, including an abnormal femoral pulse, lower-extremity bruits, warm knees, and the Buerger test. The capillary refill test and the findings of foot discoloration, atrophic skin, and hairless extremities are unhelpful in diagnostic decisions. Mathematical formulas, derived from 2 studies using multivariate analysis, allow clinicians to estimate the probability of peripheral arterial disease in their patients. Conclusion: Certain aspects of the physical examination help clinicians make accurate judgments about the presence of peripheral arterial disease and its distribution. C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP McGee, SR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Mailstop 111,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X NR 52 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD JUN 22 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 12 BP 1357 EP 1364 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.12.1357 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZV323 UT WOS:000074293100010 PM 9645831 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, R McElhinny, LG van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, R McElhinny, LG van Kammen, DP TI Reduced status of plasma total antioxidant capacity in schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE antioxidant defense system; total antioxidant status; haloperidol ID FREE-RADICAL PATHOLOGY; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; INDICATORS; DISMUTASE; PSYCHOSIS; DISULFIDE; VITAMINS; COTININE; DEFENSE; FLUIDS AB To examine whether antioxidant capacity is reduced in patients with schizophrenia, we determined plasma total antioxidant status (TAS) by quenching the absorbance of the radical cation formed by the reaction of 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) with a metmyoglobin and hydrogen peroxide. TAS serves as an index of net antioxidant activity derived from various antioxidants in plasma. Male schizophrenic patients were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects, using a within-subject, repeated measures, on-off-on haloperidol treatment design. Drug-free patients were free of all psychotropic medications for an average of 32 days. Plasma TAS was significantly lower in patients with schizophrenia than in normal controls. Plasma TAS in patients was significantly and inversely correlated with symptom severity during the drug-free condition. There were no significant differences between on and off haloperidol-treatment conditions. When patients returned to haloperidol treatment after relapse, the plasma TAS remained fairly constant and was not significantly different from the same individuals during haloperidol-stabilization or drug-free periods. These findings are indicative of an impaired antioxidant defense system, not attributable to neuroleptic treatment, and lend further support to the notion that oxidative stress may have a pathophysiological role in schizophrenia. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RP Yao, JK (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 32 TC 104 Z9 105 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD JUN 22 PY 1998 VL 32 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00030-9 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 103KW UT WOS:000075156100001 PM 9690328 ER PT J AU Boden, WE O'Rourke, RA Crawford, MH Blaustein, AS Deedwania, PC Zoble, RG Wexler, LF Kleiger, RE Pepine, CJ Ferry, DR Chow, BK Lavori, PW AF Boden, WE O'Rourke, RA Crawford, MH Blaustein, AS Deedwania, PC Zoble, RG Wexler, LF Kleiger, RE Pepine, CJ Ferry, DR Chow, BK Lavori, PW CA VANQWISH Trial Investigators TI Outcomes in patients with acute non-Q-wave myocardial infarction randomly assigned to an invasive as compared with a conservative management strategy SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; CLINICAL-TRIALS; SHORT-TERM; MORTALITY; PROGNOSIS; REINFARCTION; EXTENSION; EVOLUTION; DILTIAZEM; ISCHEMIA AB Background Non-Q-wave myocardial infarction is usually managed according to an "invasive" strategy (i.e., one of routine coronary angiography followed by myocardial revascularization). Methods We randomly assigned 920 patients to either "invasive" management (462 patients) or "conservative" management, defined as medical therapy and noninvasive testing, with subsequent invasive management if indicated by the development of spontaneous or inducible ischemia (458 patients), within 72 hours of the onset of a non-Q-wave infarction. Death or nonfatal infarction made up the combined primary end point. Results During an average follow-up of 23 months, 152 events (80 deaths and 72 nonfatal infarctions) occurred in 138 patients who had been randomly assigned to the invasive strategy, and 139 events (59 deaths and 80 nonfatal infarctions) in 123 patients assigned to the conservative strategy (P=0.35). Patients assigned to the invasive strategy had worse clinical outcomes during the first year of follow-up. The number of patients with one of the components of the primary end point (death or nonfatal myocardial infarction) and the number who died were significantly higher in the invasive-strategy group at hospital discharge (36 vs. 15 patients, P=0.004, for the primary end point; 21 vs. 6, P=0.007, for death), at one month (48 vs. 26, P=0.072; 23 vs. 9, P=0.021), and at one year (111 vs. 85, P=0.05; 58 vs. 36, P=0.025). Overall mortality during follow-up did not differ significantly between patients assigned to the conservative-strategy group and those assigned to the invasive-strategy group (hazard ratio, 0.72; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.51 to 1.01). Conclusions Most patients with non-Q-wave myocardial infarction do not benefit from routine, early invasive management consisting of coronary angiography and revascularization. A conservative, ischemia-guided initial approach is both safe and effective. (C) 1998, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Vet Affairs Healthcare Network Upstate NY, Med Serv, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Fresno, CA USA. James A Haley Vet Adm Med Ctr, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. Washington Univ, Jewish Hosp St Louis, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. Jerry L Pettis Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Loma Linda, CA 92354 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Cooperat Studies Program Coordinating Ctr, Palo Alto, CA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Boden, WE (reprint author), Vet Affairs Healthcare Network Upstate NY, Med Serv, 800 Irving Ave, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. NR 45 TC 546 Z9 579 U1 1 U2 3 PU MASS MEDICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 10 SHATTUCK, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 18 PY 1998 VL 338 IS 25 BP 1785 EP 1792 DI 10.1056/NEJM199806183382501 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZU443 UT WOS:000074197500001 PM 9632444 ER PT J AU Labbate, LA Grimes, JB Arana, GW AF Labbate, LA Grimes, JB Arana, GW TI Serotonin reuptake antidepressant effects on sexual function in patients with anxiety disorders SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE serotonin reuptake inhibitors; antidepressants; orgasm; sex dysfunction; adverse effects ID PREMATURE EJACULATION; DYSFUNCTION AB Background: Serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SRI) antidepressants have been associated with sexual dysfunction, though there have been few prospective reports specifically examining this problem. The purpose of this study was to determine if three SRIs affected sexual function in anxiety disorder patients over a 3-month period. Methods: Thirty-one patients were enrolled in a prospective study of the effect of three SRIs, fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine, on five aspects of sexual function: libido, erection/lubrication, orgasm quality, orgasm delay, and sexual frequency. Measurements were made at baseline and at each month on visual analogue scales. Results: For men and women, orgasm quality was lower and orgasm delay longer at months one, two, and three compared to baseline (p <.01). Erection scores were lower over time, but this change was not statistically significant. Lubrication, libido, and sexual frequency were not appreciably changed over 3 months. A higher rate of anorgasmia was noted in women at months one and two, but this did not achieve significance. Conclusions: Orgasm appears to be a primary sexual function affected by SRIs. Published 1998 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Labbate, LA (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 10 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 43 IS 12 BP 904 EP 907 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(97)00391-0 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZT022 UT WOS:000074039800008 PM 9627745 ER PT J AU Dominitz, JA Samsa, GP Landsman, P Provenzale, D AF Dominitz, JA Samsa, GP Landsman, P Provenzale, D TI Race, treatment, and survival among colorectal carcinoma patients in an equal-access medical system SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 97th Annual Meeting of the American-Gastroenterological-Association CY MAY 18-23, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Gastroenterol Assoc DE colorectal neoplasms; epidemiology; racial stocks; surgery; survival; chemotherapy; adjuvant; radiation oncology; veterans ID OF-VETERANS-AFFAIRS; COLON-CANCER; RACIAL VARIATION; PROSTATE-CANCER; WOMEN; RATES; MAMMOGRAPHY; POPULATION; SURGERY; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of race on the treatment and survival of patients with colorectal carcinoma. METHODS. This retrospective cohort study included all white or black male veterans given a new diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma in 1989 at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers nationwide. After adjusting for patient demographics, comorbidity, distant metastases, and tumor location, the authors determined the likelihood of surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and death in each case. RESULTS. Of the 3176 veterans identified, 569 (17.90%) were black. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression revealed no significant differences in the proportions of patients undergoing surgical resection (70% vs. 73%, odds ratio 0.92, 95% confidence interval 0.74-1.15), chemotherapy (23% vs. 23%, odds ratio 0.99, 95% confidence interval 0.78-1.24), or radiation therapy (17% vs. 16%, odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 0.85-1.43) for black versus white patients. Five-year relative survival rates were similar for black and white patients (42% vs. 39%, respectively; P = 0.16), though the adjusted mortality risk ratio was modestly increased (risk ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 1.01-1.28). CONCLUSIONS. Overall, race was not associated with the use of surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma among veterans seeking health care at Veterans affairs Medical Centers. Although mortality from all causes was higher among black veterans with colorectal carcinoma, this finding may be attributed to underlying racial differences associated with survival. This study suggests that when there is equal access to care, there are no differences with regard to race. (C) 1998 American Cancer Society. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle Div 111GI, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Durham, NC 27705 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Clin Hlth Policy Res, Durham, NC USA. RP Dominitz, JA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle Div 111GI, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Dominitz, Jason/0000-0002-8070-7086 NR 38 TC 128 Z9 129 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 12 BP 2312 EP 2320 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19980615)82:12<2312::AID-CNCR3>3.0.CO;2-U PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZT941 UT WOS:000074143700003 PM 9635522 ER PT J AU Gutsmann-Conrad, A Heydari, AR You, SH Richardson, A AF Gutsmann-Conrad, A Heydari, AR You, SH Richardson, A TI The expression of heat shock protein 70 decreases with cellular senescence in vitro and in cells derived from young and old human subjects SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-DIPLOID FIBROBLASTS; DNA-BINDING ACTIVITY; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; MESSENGER-RNA; HSP70; ACTIVATION; STRESS; AGE AB Because heat shock proteins have been shown to play a critical role in protecting cells from hyperthermia and other types of stresses, it was of interest to determine what effect cellular senescence in vitro and cells cultured in vitro from young and old human donors have on the ability of cells to regulate the expression of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), the most prominent and most evolutionary conserved of the heat shock proteins. The ability of early and late passage IMR-90 lung fibroblasts and epidermal melanocytes and skin fibroblasts obtained from young and old human donors to express hsp70 was determined after a brief heat shock. We found that the levels of hsp70 protein and mRNA were lower in late passage cells and cells from old donors than in early passage cells and cells from young donors. The binding activity of the heat shock transcription factor HSF1, as measured by a gel shift assay, was significantly higher in early passage cells and cells from young donors in comparison to late passage cells and cells from old donors. In addition, the levels of HSF1 decreased significantly in late passage cells and cells from old donors in comparison to early passage cells and cells from young donors. Thus, our study demonstrates that the induction of hsp70 by hyperthermia in fibroblasts is significantly lower in late passage fibroblasts and in fibroblasts from old donors. In addition, our study shows that the decline in hsp70 expression during cellular senescence in vitro and in cells derived from old human subjects is paralleled by a decrease in the levels of HSF1. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst,Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Struct & Cellular Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM richardsona@uthscsa.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01548] NR 44 TC 69 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 241 IS 2 BP 404 EP 413 DI 10.1006/excr.1998.4069 PG 10 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA ZW008 UT WOS:000074364300014 PM 9637782 ER PT J AU Choudhury, GG Ghosh-Choudhury, N Abboud, HE AF Choudhury, GG Ghosh-Choudhury, N Abboud, HE TI Association and direct activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription1 alpha by platelet-derived growth factor receptor SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE mesangial cells; PDGFR; STAT1 alpha ID STIMULATES TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; HUMAN MESANGIAL CELLS; FACTOR BETA-RECEPTOR; INTERFERON-GAMMA; SRC FAMILY; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL 3-KINASE; MEDIATED ACTIVATION; CYTOKINE RECEPTORS; KINASES; BINDING AB PDGF stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and the signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1 alpha), However, it is not known whether JAKs are required for STAT1 alpha phosphorylation or if the PDGF receptor itself can directly tyrosine phosphorylate and activate STAT1 alpha, In vitro immunecomplex kinase assay of PDGF beta receptor (PDGFR) or STAT1 alpha immunoprecipitates from lysates of mesangial cells treated with PDGF showed phosphorylation of a 91- and an 185-kD protein. Incubation of lysates prepared from quiescent mesangial cells with purified PDGFR resulted in STAT1 alpha activation. Immunodepletion of Janus kinases from the cell lysate before incubation with the purified PDGFR showed no effect on STAT1 alpha activation. Moreover, lysates from mesangial cells treated with JAK2 inhibitor, retained significant STAT1 alpha activity. To confirm that STAT1 alpha is a substrate for PDGFR, STAT1 alpha protein was prepared by in vitro transcription and translation. The addition of purified PDGFR to the translated STAT1 alpha resulted in its phosphorylation, This in vitro phosphorylated and activated protein a:lso forms a specific protein-DNA complex. Dimerization of the translated STAT1 alpha protein was also required for its DNA binding. Incubation of pure STAT1 alpha with autophosphorylated PDGFR resulted in physical association of the two proteins. These data indicate that activated PDGFR may be sufficient to tyrosine phosphorylate and thus directly activate STAT1 alpha. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Geriatr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Choudhury, GG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM choudhuryg@uthscsa.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK43988, DK 50190] NR 43 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 101 IS 12 BP 2751 EP 2760 DI 10.1172/JCI1044 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZY285 UT WOS:000074604800017 PM 9637709 ER PT J AU Liou, GI Fei, YJ Peachey, NS Matragoon, S Wei, SH Blaner, WS Wang, YX Liu, CY Gottesman, ME Ripps, H AF Liou, GI Fei, YJ Peachey, NS Matragoon, S Wei, SH Blaner, WS Wang, YX Liu, CY Gottesman, ME Ripps, H TI Early onset photoreceptor abnormalities induced by targeted disruption of the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein gene SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE homologous recombination; interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP); photoreceptor degeneration; retinal development; vitamin A deficiency; electroretinography (ERG) ID ROD OUTER SEGMENTS; PIGMENT-EPITHELIUM; TRANSGENIC MICE; VITAMIN-A; RHODOPSIN REGENERATION; EARLY EXPRESSION; BOVINE RETINA; STEM-CELLS; IRBP; DEGENERATION AB Vision in all vertebrates is dependent on an exchange of retinoids between the retinal pigment epithelium and the visual photoreceptors. It has been proposed that the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) is essential for this intercellular exchange, and that it serves to prevent the potentially cytotoxic effects of retinoids. Although its precise function in vivo has yet to be defined, the early expression of IRBP suggests that it may also be required for normal photoreceptor development. To further assess the biological role of IRBP, we generated transgenic mice with targeted disruption of the IRBP gene (IRBP -/- mice). Specifically, homologous recombination was used to replace the first exon and promoter region of the IRBP gene with a phosphoglycerate kinase-promoted neomycin-resistant gene, Immunocytochemical and Western blot analyses demonstrated the absence of IRBP expression in the IRBP -/- mice. As early as postnatal day 11, histological examination of the retinas of IRBP -/- mice revealed a loss of photoreceptor nuclei and changes in the structural integrity of the receptor outer segments. At 30 d of age, the photoreceptor abnormalities in IRBP -/- mice were more severe, and electroretinographic recordings revealed a marked loss in photic sensitivity. In contrast, no morphological or electrophysiological changes were detected in age-matched heterozygotes. These observations indicate that normal photoreceptor development and function are highly dependent on the early expression of IRBP, and that in the absence of IRBP there is a slowly progressive degeneration of retinal photoreceptors. C1 Med Coll Georgia, Dept Ophthalmol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Columbia Univ, Inst Human Nutr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ, Canc Res Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Liou, GI (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Dept Ophthalmol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RI Peachey, Neal/G-5533-2010 FU NEI NIH HHS [EY03829, EY06516] NR 54 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 12 BP 4511 EP 4520 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZT273 UT WOS:000074068000009 PM 9614228 ER PT J AU Siklodi, B Jacobs, R Vandenbark, AA Offner, H AF Siklodi, B Jacobs, R Vandenbark, AA Offner, H TI Neonatal exposure of TCR BV8S2 transgenic mice to recombinant TCR BV8S2 results in reduced T cell proliferation and elevated antibody response to BV8S2, and increased severity of EAE SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE transgenics; EAE; neonatal tolerance ID EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; IMMUNIZATION; TOLERANCE; DISEASE; THERAPY; T(H)1 AB Transgenic (Tg) mouse models are unique tools for investigating regulatory mechanisms of the immune system, Mice bearing a T cell receptor (TCR) BV8S2 transgene derived from an encephalitogenic T cell clone are highly susceptible to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a T cell-mediated neurological disorder. Although the pathogenesis of EAE is not yet fully understood, TCR-specific regulatory T cells seem to play a role in its remission and/or recovery process. In previous studies, we showed that immunization of BV8S2 Tg mice with recombinant BV8S2 protein induced TCR-specific T cells and protection against EAE, clearly indicating the persistence of a functional TCR regulatory network in spite of the highly skewed T cell repertoire, To further investigate the natural regulatory role of TCR-specific T cells, we evaluated the effect on EAE of inducing neonatal tolerance to heterologous (rat) and homologous BV8S2 proteins in Tg mice. Neonatal exposure to rat BV8S2 protein induced "split" tolerance, characterized by decreased T cell proliferation but increased antibody responses to both rat and mouse BV8S2 proteins that are known to be cross-reactive. When challenged as adults with an encephalitogenic emulsion, Tg mice tolerized with rat but not mouse BV8S2 protein developed more severe EAE compared to control mice, These results demonstrate that immunity to BV8S2 determinants in BV8S2 Tg mice is naturally induced and functions to limit the severity of EAE, (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Biogal Pharmaceut, Debrecen, Hungary. RP Offner, H (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS23444, NS23221] NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 52 IS 6 BP 750 EP 756 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980615)52:6<750::AID-JNR14>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZW471 UT WOS:000074414300014 PM 9669324 ER PT J AU Ventura, J Liberman, RP Green, MF Shaner, A Mintz, J AF Ventura, J Liberman, RP Green, MF Shaner, A Mintz, J TI Training and quality assurance with the structured clinical interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I/P) SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE interrater reliability; diagnostic accuracy ID INTERRATER RELIABILITY; DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA; SCHIZOPHRENIA; RATIONALE AB Accuracy in psychiatric diagnosis is critical for evaluating the suitability of the subjects for entry into research protocols and for establishing comparability of findings across study sites. However, training programs in the use of diagnostic instruments for research projects are not well systematized. Furthermore, little information has been published on the maintenance of interrater reliability of diagnostic assessments. At the UCLA Research Center for Major Mental Illnesses, a Training and Quality Assurance Program for SCID interviewers was used to evaluate interrater reliability and diagnostic accuracy. Although clinically experienced interviewers achieved better interrater reliability and overall diagnostic accuracy than neophyte interviewers, both groups were able to achieve and maintain high levels of interrater reliability, diagnostic accuracy, and interviewer skill. At the first quality assurance check after training, there were no significant differences between experienced and neophyte interviewers in interrater reliability or diagnostic accuracy. Standardization of training and quality assurance procedures within and across research projects may make research findings from study sites more comparable. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Intervent Res Ctr Major Mental Illness 116AR, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Ventura, J (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Intervent Res Ctr Major Mental Illness 116AR, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 38 TC 328 Z9 328 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 79 IS 2 BP 163 EP 173 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(98)00038-9 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA ZZ092 UT WOS:000074694900007 PM 9705054 ER PT J AU Arita, S Une, S Ohtsuka, S Atiya, A Kasraie, A Shevlin, L Mullen, Y AF Arita, S Une, S Ohtsuka, S Atiya, A Kasraie, A Shevlin, L Mullen, Y TI Prevention of primary islet isograft nonfunction in mice with pravastatin SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MEVALONATE PATHWAY; CYTO-TOXICITY; RAT ISLETS; NICOTINAMIDE; INTERLEUKIN-1; CELLS; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; 15-DEOXYSPERGUALIN; TRANSPLANTATION AB Background. Nonspecific inflammatory damage in the early stages of transplantation is the major cause of primary islet graft nonfunction, Using murine isografts, we attempted to prevent this islet graft damage by treating recipients with pravastatin (Pravacol), a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor. Nicotinamide was also tested to determine the synergistic effect of both agents. Methods. Unpurified newborn BALB/c islets, ranging in number from 1800 to 2500, were transplanted into the left renal subcapsular space of a syngeneic adult mouse made diabetic with streptozotocin. Recipient mice were divided into the following four groups, based on treatment protocols: treatment with 40 mg/kg pravastatin (group 1), 500 mg/kg nicotinamide (group 2), 40 mg/kg pravastatin and 500 mg/kg nicotinamide (group 3), and vehicle alone (group 4), Pravastatin and nicotinamide were administered orally every day for 14 days, starting on the day of transplantation (day 0). Nonfasting blood glucose levels, urine glucose levels, and the intravenous glucose tolerance test were used to monitor the diabetic state. The reversal of diabetes was defined by normoglycemia and negative urine glucose maintained for more than 7 days. Results. After islet transplantation, levels of blood and urine glucose were significantly lower in groups 1 and 3, compared with those in group 4. K-values of an intravenous glucose tolerance test performed on day 14 were significantly higher in groups 1 and 3 than those of group 4, Reversal of diabetes had occurred in 63% of mice in group 1 and 67% in group 3, levels that were higher than those in group 2 (17%) and group 4 (0%) (P<0.02, groups 1 and 3 vs, group 4), Histological examination of grafts, biopsied on day 21, revealed well preserved islets with little sign of inflammation in groups 1 and 3, whereas grafts in groups 2 and 4 contained broken, smaller islets surrounded by severe fibrosis and mononuclear cell infiltration. Conclusion. Our results in mice have shown the effectiveness of pravastatin for protecting islets from nonspecific inflammatory damage. Nicotinamide did not show a synergistic effect with pravastatin at the dosage used in this study. These results indicate that pravastatin may be a useful agent for clinical islet transplantation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Human Islet Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, VA Human Islet Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Mullen, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Human Islet Program, Bldg 304,Room E1-206,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 23 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD JUN 15 PY 1998 VL 65 IS 11 BP 1429 EP 1433 DI 10.1097/00007890-199806150-00003 PG 5 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA ZV202 UT WOS:000074280600002 PM 9645797 ER PT J AU Goodfriend, TL Ball, DL Oelkers, W Bahr, V AF Goodfriend, TL Ball, DL Oelkers, W Bahr, V TI Torsemide inhibits aldosterone secretion in vitro SO LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE diuretics; hypokalemia; hypertension; torsemide ID TORASEMIDE; POTASSIUM AB Torsemide inhibited aldosterone secretion by adrenal cells from rats, cows, and guinea pigs stimulated in vitro by potassium, angiotensin, dibutyryl cyclic AMP, ACTH, or corticosterone. Inhibitory concentrations for adrenal cells (micromolar) were comparable with those reported to inhibit ion transport in isolated renal tubules. Inhibition of aldosterone secretion could reduce kaliuresis, and that may explain why torsemide causes less kaliuresis than other diuretics. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Free Univ Berlin, Klinikum Benjamin Franklin, Med Klin & Poliklin, D-12200 Berlin, Germany. RP Goodfriend, TL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 18 TC 16 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0024-3205 J9 LIFE SCI JI Life Sci. PD JUN 12 PY 1998 VL 63 IS 3 BP PL45 EP PL50 DI 10.1016/S0024-3205(98)00265-3 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZV834 UT WOS:000074346000011 PM 9698054 ER PT J AU Goldsmith, MA Mikami, A You, Y Liu, KD Thomas, L Pharr, P Longmore, GD AF Goldsmith, MA Mikami, A You, Y Liu, KD Thomas, L Pharr, P Longmore, GD TI Absence of cytokine receptor-dependent specificity in red blood cell differentiation in vivo SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; MURINE ERYTHROPOIETIN RECEPTOR; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; INTERLEUKIN-2 RECEPTOR; HEMATOPOIETIC-CELLS; ACTIVATED ERYTHROPOIETIN; CYTOPLASMIC DOMAIN; PROGENITOR CELLS; DISTINCT REGIONS; DEFICIENT MICE AB Erythropoietin (EPO) is required for red blood cell development, hut whether EPO-specific signals directly instruct erythroid differentiation is unknown. We used a dominant system in which constitutively active variants of the EPO receptor were introduced into erythroid progenitors in mice. Chimeric receptors were constructed by replacing the cytoplasmic tail of constitutively active variants of the EPO receptor with tails of diverse cytokine receptors. Receptors linked to granulocyte or platelet production supported complete erythroid development in vitro and in vivo, as did the growth hormone receptor, a nonhematopoietic receptor. Therefore, EPOR-specific signals are not required for terminal differentiation of erythrocytes. Furthermore, we found that cellular context can influence cytokine receptor signaling. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Gladstone Inst Virol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Longmore, GD (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Gladstone Inst Virol & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94141 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA75315]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM54351, R01 GM054351] NR 41 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUN 9 PY 1998 VL 95 IS 12 BP 7006 EP 7011 DI 10.1073/pnas.95.12.7006 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZT829 UT WOS:000074131900079 PM 9618529 ER PT J AU Read, E AF Read, E TI NIH funding decisions SO SCIENTIST LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm, Wadsworth Anaerobe Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Read, E (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm, Wadsworth Anaerobe Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCIENTIST INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 MARKET ST SUITE 450, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA SN 0890-3670 J9 SCIENTIST JI Scientist PD JUN 8 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 12 BP 8 EP 8 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science; Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Information Science & Library Science; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA ZT800 UT WOS:000074128700009 ER PT J AU Yager, J Burt, V Mohl, PC AF Yager, J Burt, V Mohl, PC TI Downsizing psychiatric residency programs - A pilot study SO ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID MEDICINE AB Under the varied pressures of decreasing recruitment of American medical school graduates into psychiatry, the thrust of health care policymakers to decrease the production of specialist physicians, and financial cutbacks for training by hospitals, universities, and governments at all levels, many psychiatric training programs are considering downsizing or have already implemented plans to do so. The authors describe the motivations, early experiences, anticipated concerns, and thoughts regarding downsizing obtained from interviews or questionnaires provided by 17 programs in 1993. On the basis of the authors' experiences, some recommendations are offered for the many programs likely to deal with this issue in the future. C1 Univ New Mexico, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Austin, TX USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brentwood Div, Mental Hlth Clin, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yager, J (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Psychiat, Sch Med, 2400 Tucker NE, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1042-9670 J9 ACAD PSYCHIATR JI Acad. Psych. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 22 IS 2 BP 127 EP 134 PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychiatry SC Education & Educational Research; Psychiatry GA ZQ798 UT WOS:000073904100006 PM 24442938 ER PT J AU Caskey, NH Wirshing, WC Jarvik, ME Madsen, DC Elins, JL AF Caskey, NH Wirshing, WC Jarvik, ME Madsen, DC Elins, JL TI Smoking influences on symptoms in schizophrenia SO ADDICTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CARFAX PUBL CO PI ABINGDON PA PO BOX 25, ABINGDON, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND OX14 3UE SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD JUN PY 1998 VL 93 IS 6 BP 913 EP 913 PG 1 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA ZV421 UT WOS:000074302900022 ER PT J AU Ferbas, J AF Ferbas, J TI Perspectives on the role of CD8(+) cell suppressor factors and cytotoxic T lymphocytes during HIV infection SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID TYPE-1 INFECTION; CD8+ LYMPHOCYTES; VIRUS-REPLICATION; LYMPH-NODES; AIDS; DISEASE; SDF-1; CHEMOATTRACTANT; IDENTIFICATION; MIP-1-ALPHA AB It is clear that HIV burden drives CD8(+) cell expansion and activation in vivo, but it has been difficult to determine whether the CD8(+) cell response represents a significant anti-HIV force during the natural history of infection. This issue is illustrated by the fact that CD8(+) cells cannot clear HIV infection, providing less than satisfactory evidence that CD8(+) cells have any substantial effect on viral replication in vivo. The diligent efforts of a number of laboratories, however, are revealing the magnitude of the anti-HIV CD8(+) cell arsenal. It is now well established that CD8(+) cells can suppress viral dissemination and rates of HIV transcription in addition to their ability to destroy virus-infected cells directly. This is achieved through production of a growing family of HIV suppressor factors. These exciting developments are paving the way for new studies to readdress and potentially redefine the role of HIV-specific CD8(+) cell responses during HN infection. As we complete our understanding of how these effector activities work in concert to oppose HIV, the potential that CD8(+) cell responses can be manipulated by vaccination or used in conjunction with HAART holds promise in the ongoing effort to eradicate HN infection in chronically infected individuals. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Ferbas, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, 12-236 Louis Factor Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI37613] NR 84 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 14 SU 2 BP S153 EP S160 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA ZX734 UT WOS:000074549300005 PM 9672233 ER PT J AU Bullman, TB Kang, HK AF Bullman, TB Kang, HK TI Mortality among World War II veterans exposed to mustard gas. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Environm Epidemiol Serv, US Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20036 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV SCHOOL HYGIENE PUB HEALTH PI BALTIMORE PA 111 MARKET PLACE, STE 840, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-6709 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 147 IS 11 SU S MA 145 BP S37 EP S37 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA ZR584 UT WOS:000073992800146 ER PT J AU Rabeneck, L Wray, NP Graham, DY AF Rabeneck, L Wray, NP Graham, DY TI Managing dyspepsia: What do we know and what do we need to know? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ULCER-LIKE DYSPEPSIA; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; SCORING SYSTEM; ENDOSCOPIC FINDINGS; GENERAL-POPULATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PREDICTIVE VALUE; WORKING PARTY; UNITED-STATES; PEPTIC-ULCER AB Objective: The conceptual revolution concerning the role of Helicobacter pylori in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease has raised the larger question of how to integrate this new information into the management of patients with dyspepsia. The aim of this research was to critically evaluate current knowledge about dyspepsia and its management. Methods: Relevant articles on dyspepsia were identified from MEDLINE searches and from the bibliographies of identified articles. Studies that contained information on the prevalence of dyspepsia, endoscopic findings, and evaluations of alternative management strategies were reviewed. Results: By coupling H. pylori serological testing with clinical factors such as age and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use, strategies have been developed that identify patients with organic disease. Although the use of these strategies can reduce the volume of endoscopies, their effects on dyspepsia symptoms are unknown. Computerized decision analysis models have been used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of alternative strategies. The indirect evidence obtained from these models suggests that empiric therapy, guided by H. pylori testing, may be the preferred approach. However, the models have been hampered by the lack of information concerning dyspepsia symptoms, the primary health outcome of the majority of patients seen in primary practice settings. Conclusions: Currently, the knowledge needed to integrate H. pylori tests and antimicrobial therapies into the management of patients with dyspepsia in primary practice settings has not been developed. A pressing need exists for a randomized controlled trial to evaluate alternative management strategies. In conducting such a trial, valid, reliable instruments for measuring dyspepsia will be needed. (C) 1998 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, HSR&D Field Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Rabeneck, L (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 2002 Holcombe Blvd,111D, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 51 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 93 IS 6 BP 920 EP 924 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZV664 UT WOS:000074328500012 PM 9647019 ER PT J AU Sherman, MD Holland, GN Holsclaw, DS Weisz, JM Omar, OHM Sherman, RA AF Sherman, MD Holland, GN Holsclaw, DS Weisz, JM Omar, OHM Sherman, RA TI Delusions of ocular parasitosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PIMOZIDE; DISEASE AB PURPOSE: To describe four cases of delusions of parasitosis in which self-inflicted ocular trauma occurred. Delusions of parasitosis is a somatic delusional disorder in which patients have the irrational belief that their bodies are infested by parasites or other infectious organisms. Self-inflicted trauma can result from attempts to eliminate the supposed infestation. METHODS: We reviewed the case histories of four patients tone male, three females, 35 to 45 years of age) who presented with complaints of ocular infestation but had no evidence of infectious ocular disease. The characteristics of these cases were compared with the features of delusions of parasitosis. RESULTS: All patients maintained their beliefs regarding infestation, despite extensive clinical and laboratory investigations that found no evidence of infectious diseases, Self-inflicted eye injury, associated with attempts to eliminate the infestation, occurred in each case. CONCLUSIONS: The cases presented in this report are consistent with a diagnosis of delusions of parasitosis. The eye can be a principal focus of attention in this disorder, which may lead to vision loss caused by self-inflicted injury. (C) 1998 by Elsevier Science Inc, All rights reserved.). C1 So Calif Permanente Med Grp, Cornea External Dis Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ocular Inflammatory Dis Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv, Ophthalmol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Ophthalmol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Francis I Proctor Fdn, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Sherman, MD (reprint author), Dept Ophthalmol, 411 N Lakeview Ave, Anaheim, CA 92807 USA. OI Sherman, Ronald/0000-0003-3096-0355 NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9394 J9 AM J OPHTHALMOL JI Am. J. Ophthalmol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 125 IS 6 BP 852 EP 856 DI 10.1016/S0002-9394(98)00048-8 PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA ZU244 UT WOS:000074176800010 PM 9645723 ER PT J AU Makhlouf, AA McDermott, PJ AF Makhlouf, AA McDermott, PJ TI Increased expression of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E during growth of neonatal rat cardiocytes in vitro SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE myocyte; hypertrophy; collagen; translation; initiation factors ID MYOSIN HEAVY-CHAIN; ATRIAL-NATRIURETIC-FACTOR; ADULT FELINE CARDIOCYTES; RIBOSOMAL-RNA SYNTHESIS; PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; TRANSLATION INITIATION; HEART-CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA; FACTOR EIF-4E; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION AB Eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF-4E) is rate limiting for translational initiation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether eIF-4E levels are increased during cardiocyte growth produced by increased load in the form of electrically stimulated contraction. Neonatal rat cardiocytes were cultured on a matrix of aligned type I collagen. The cardiocytes aligned in parallel to the direction of the collagen fibrils and exhibited an elongated, rod-shaped morphology. Cardiocytes were electrically stimulated to contract at 3 Hz (alternating polarity, 5-ms pulse width). Nonstimulated cardiocytes were quiescent and used as controls. Electrically stimulated contraction produced hypertrophic growth as determined by the following criteria: 1) increased protein content, 2) increased RNA content, 3) accelerated rate of protein synthesis, and 4) threefold increase in promoter activity of the atrial natriuretic factor gene. Cardiocyte growth was associated with an increase in eIF-4E mRNA levels that reached 48 +/- 9% after 2 days of electrically stimulated contraction. eIF-4E protein levels were increased by more than twofold over the same time period. We conclude that an adaptive increase in eIF-4E is an important mechanism for maintaining translational efficiency during cardiocyte growth. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ralph H Johnson Dept, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. RP McDermott, PJ (reprint author), Gazes Thurmond Biomed Res Bldg,Rm 303,114 Doughty, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 274 IS 6 BP H2133 EP H2142 PG 10 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA ZR475 UT WOS:000073980600034 PM 9841540 ER PT J AU Kaneko, H Mitsuma, T Nagai, H Mori, S Iyo, T Kusugami, K Tache, Y AF Kaneko, H Mitsuma, T Nagai, H Mori, S Iyo, T Kusugami, K Tache, Y TI Central action of adrenomedullin to prevent ethanol-induced gastric injury through vagal pathways in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist; nitric oxide; prostaglandins; atropine; vagus ID GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; ENDOGENOUS NITRIC-OXIDE; RECEPTOR; PROJECTIONS; PROTECTION; CLONING; HORMONE; DAMAGE AB Adrenomedullin (AM), belongs to the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) family and interacts with AM and CGRP(1) receptors. Specific AM receptors and immunoreactivity are present in the rat brain. The effect of intracisternal injection of rat AM on ethanol-induced gastric lesions was studied in conscious Wistar rats. The peptide was injected intracisternally or intravenously under short anesthesia 20 min before intragastric injection of 70% ethanol. Corpus lesions were determined 1 h after ethanol. Intracisternal AM (75, 150, and 300 pmol) dose-dependently inhibited ethanol-induced gastric lesions by 40-72% and rat alpha-CGRP (150 pmol ic) by 76%. Intravenous AM (300 pmol) had no effect. The CGRP(1) receptor antagonist CGRP-(8-37) (9.6-19.2 nmol ic) dose-dependently inhibited the protective effect of intracisternal alpha-CGRP but not that of AM. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy and peripheral injection of atropine, indomethacin, or N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) prevented AM protective action. L-Arginine but not D-arginine blocked L-NAME action. These data suggest that both AM and CGRP act in the brain to prevent ethanol-induced gastric lesions through interaction with their specific receptors. AM action may involve vagal cholinergic-dependent modulation of prostaglandins and nitric oxide protective mechanisms. C1 Aichi Med Univ, Dept Internal Med 4, Nagakute, Aichi 4801195, Japan. Nagoya Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med 1, Nagoya, Aichi 4668560, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ,Digest Dis Res Ctr, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kaneko, H (reprint author), Aichi Med Univ, Dept Internal Med 4, 21 Karimata, Nagakute, Aichi 4801195, Japan. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 37 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 274 IS 6 BP R1783 EP R1788 PG 6 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA ZQ835 UT WOS:000073907700033 PM 9841551 ER PT J AU Raybould, HE Meyer, JH Tabrizi, Y Liddle, RA Tso, P AF Raybould, HE Meyer, JH Tabrizi, Y Liddle, RA Tso, P TI Inhibition of gastric emptying in response to intestinal lipid is dependent on chylomicron formation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cholecystokinin; Pluronic L-81; rat ID SENSITIVE AFFERENT PATHWAYS; PLASMA CHOLECYSTOKININ; ACID SECRETION; MEDIUM-CHAIN; RAT; VAGAL; TRANSPORT; TRIGLYCERIDE; HUMANS; FOOD AB Lipid in the intestine initiates feedback inhibition of proximal gastrointestinal function and food intake. In rats and humans, inhibition of gastric emptying is mediated, at least in part, by cholecystokinin (CCK)-A receptors, and in rats there is evidence for involvement of an intestinal vagal afferent pathway. The mechanism by which luminal lipid acts to release CCK or activate vagal afferent nerve terminals is unclear. The role of chylomicron formation in this sensory transduction pathway has been investigated using the hydrophobic surfactant Pluronic L-81 that inhibits chylomicron formation. Gastric emptying of liquids was measured in awake rats fitted with a Thomas gastric fistula and a duodenal cannula. Intestinal perfusion of lipid induced a dose-dependent inhibition of gastric emptying (6, 12, and 39% inhibition for 25, 50, and 100 mg lipid, respectively). Perfusion of lipid with Pluronic L-81 (2.8% wt/vol) reversed the lipid-induced inhibition of gastric emptying. Pluronic L-63, a chemically similar surfactant that has no effect on chylomicron formation, had no effect on lipid-induced inhibition of gastric emptying. Per fusion of the intestine with lipid (100 mg) increased plasma levels of CCK from 1.9 +/- 0.8 to 6.5 +/- 1 pM. This increase was blocked by Pluronic L-81 but unaffected by L-63. These results provide evidence that chylomicron formation is important in the signaling of lipid in the intestinal lumen to CCK endocrine cells and to producing feedback inhibition of gastric emptying. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med,Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Physiol, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med,Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Pathol, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. RP Raybould, HE (reprint author), Vet Adm Wadsworth Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Bldg 115,Rm 209,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41004] NR 31 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 274 IS 6 BP R1834 EP R1838 PG 5 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA ZQ835 UT WOS:000073907700040 PM 9841489 ER PT J AU Antes, LM Villar, MM Decker, S Nicosia, RF Kujubu, DA AF Antes, LM Villar, MM Decker, S Nicosia, RF Kujubu, DA TI Serum-free in vitro model of renal microvessel development SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE angiogenesis; vasculogenesis; renal endothelium ID HGF-INDUCED TUBULOGENESIS; ANGIOGENESIS INVITRO; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; RAT AORTA; DIFFERENTIATION; CULTURE; KIDNEY; MATRIX; EXPRESSION; GROWTH AB The differentiation and organization of the embryonic renal vasculature is a crucial event in renal development. To study this process, we developed a serum-free in vitro model of renal microvessel development. Mouse embryonic kidney explants, when embedded specifically in type I collagen, demonstrate outgrowth of microvascular structures when stimulated by the phorbol ester 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol 13-acetate (TPA, 10-50 ng/ml). Other polypeptide growth factors stimulated little, if any, microvessel outgrowth from the explants. Similar outgrowths were not observed when other embryonic tissue explants were used. The number of microvessels observed depended on the gestational age of the explants. We hypothesize that TPA induces the in situ differentiation of metanephric mesenchymal cells into endothelial cell precursors and that specific matrix proteins and cell-matrix interactions are necessary for the organization of these precursors into microvessels. Our model will allow us to examine in detail the responsiveness of metanephric kidney cells to both growth factors and extracellular matrix molecules and to understand how they influence renal endothelial cell differentiation. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Renal Electrolyte & Hypertens Div, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Oral Hlth Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. RP Kujubu, DA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Renal Electrolyte & Hypertens Div, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01-HL-52585]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-09575, DK-07006] NR 30 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 274 IS 6 BP F1150 EP F1160 PG 11 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA ZT310 UT WOS:000074071600020 PM 9841508 ER PT J AU London, MJ Shroyer, AL Coll, JR MaWhinney, S Fullerton, DA Hammermeister, KE Grover, FL AF London, MJ Shroyer, AL Coll, JR MaWhinney, S Fullerton, DA Hammermeister, KE Grover, FL TI Early extubation following cardiac surgery in a veterans population SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Anesthesiologists CY OCT 17-25, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Soc Anesthesiologists DE clinical protocols; complications; epidemiology; length of stay; mortality ID FAST-TRACK RECOVERY; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; BYPASS OPERATIONS; OUTCOMES; CARE; RISK; MODELS; COST; DETERMINANTS; REGRESSION AB Background Early tracheal extubation is an important component of the "fast track" cardiac surgery pathway, Factors associated with time to extubation in the Department of Veterans Affairs (DVA) population are unknown. The authors determined associations of preoperative risk and intraoperative clinical process variables with time to extubation in this population. Methods: Three hundred four consecutive patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft, valve surgery, or both on a fast track clinical pathway between October 1, 1993 and September 30, 1995 at a university-affiliate DVA medical center were studied retrospectively. After univariate screening of a battery of preoperative risk and intraoperative clinical process variables, stepwise logistic regression was used to determine associations with tracheal extubation less than or equal to 10 h (early) or >10 h (late) after surgery. Postoperative lengths of stay, complications, and 30-day and 6-month mortality rates were compared between the two groups. Results: One hundred forty-six patients (48.3%) were extubated early; one patient required emergent reintubation (0.7%). Of the preoperative risk variables considered, only age (odds ratio, 1.80 per 10-yr increment) and preoperative intraaortic balloon pump (odds ratio, 7.88) were multivariately associated with time to extubation (model R) ("late" association is indicated by an odds ratio >1.00; "early" association is indicated by an odds ratio <1.00). Entry of these risk variables into a second regression model, followed by univariately significant intraoperative clinical process variables, yielded the following associations (model R-P): age (odds ratio, 1.86 per 10-yr increment), sufentanil dose (odds ratio, 1.54 per 1-mu g/kg increment), major inotrope use (odds ratio, 5.73), platelet transfusion (odds ratio, 10.03), use of an arterial graft (odds ratio, 0.32), and fentanyl dose (odds ratio, 1.45 per 10-mu g/kg increment). Time of arrival in the intensive care unit after surgery was also significant (odds ratio, 1.42 per 1-h increment), Intraoperative clinical process variables added significantly to model performance (P < 0.001 by the likelihood ratio test). Conclusions: In this population, early tracheal extubation was accomplished in 48% of patients. Intraoperative clinical process variables are important factors to be considered in the timing of postoperative extubation after fast track cardiac surgery. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP London, MJ (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RI Coll, Joseph/C-3165-2012; Shroyer, Annie Laurie/B-8836-2016 OI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/0000-0001-6461-0623 NR 36 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 88 IS 6 BP 1447 EP 1458 DI 10.1097/00000542-199806000-00006 PG 12 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA ZU022 UT WOS:000074153400005 PM 9637636 ER PT J AU Poorkaj, P Bird, TD Wijsman, E Nemens, E Garruto, RM Anderson, L Andreadis, A Wiederholt, WC Raskind, M Schellenberg, GD AF Poorkaj, P Bird, TD Wijsman, E Nemens, E Garruto, RM Anderson, L Andreadis, A Wiederholt, WC Raskind, M Schellenberg, GD TI Tau is a candidate gene for chromosome 17 frontotemporal dementia SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL PRESENILE-DEMENTIA; FRONTAL-LOBE DEGENERATION; PERIPHERAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NON-ALZHEIMER TYPE; HUMAN GENOME; PROTEIN TAU; DISEASE; NEUROPATHOLOGY; LOCALIZATION; PARKINSONISM AB Frontotemporal dementia with parkinsonism, chromosome 17 type (FTDP-17), a recently defined disease entity, is clinically characterized by personality changes sometimes associated with psychosis, hyperorality, and diminished speech output, disturbed executive function and nonfluent aphasia, bradykinesia, and rigidity. Neuropathological changes include frontotemporal atrophy often associated with atrophy of the basal ganglia, substantia nigra, and amygdala. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) are seen in some but not all families. Inheritance is autosomal dominant and the gene has been regionally localized to 17q21-22 in a 2- to 4-centimorgan (cM) region flanked by markers D17S800 and D17S791. The gene for tau, the primary component of NFTs, is located in the same region of chromosome 17. Tau was evaluated as a candidate gene. Physical mapping studies place tau within 2 megabases or less of D17S791, but it is probably outside the D17S800-D17S791 FTDP-17 interval. DNA sequence analysis of tau coding regions in affected subjects from two FTDP-17 families revealed nine DNA sequence variants, eight of which were also identified in controls and are thus polymorphisms. A ninth variant ((Val)279(Met)) was found in one FTDP-17 family but not in the second FTDP-17 family. Three lines of evidence indicate that the (Val)279(Met) change is an FTDP-17 causative mutation. First, the mutation site is highly conserved, and a normal valine is found at this position in all three tau interrepeat sequences and in other microtubule associated protein tau homologues. Second, the mutation co-segregates with the disease in family A. Third, the mutation is not found in normal controls. C1 GRECC 182 B, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Div Med Genet, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. SUNY Binghamton, Dept Anthropol, Binghamton, NY USA. EK Shriver Ctr Mental Retardat, Walthem, MA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Schellenberg, GD (reprint author), GRECC 182 B, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05136, AG1176-03, P01 AG14382] NR 42 TC 924 Z9 943 U1 3 U2 34 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 43 IS 6 BP 815 EP 825 DI 10.1002/ana.410430617 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZR877 UT WOS:000074023800016 PM 9629852 ER PT J AU Coast-Senior, EA Kroner, BA Kelley, CL Trilli, LE AF Coast-Senior, EA Kroner, BA Kelley, CL Trilli, LE TI Management of patients with type 2 diabetes by pharmacists in primary care clinics SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE type 2 diabetes; primary care; pharmacists ID EXPERIENCE; MODEL AB OBJECTIVE: TO determine the impact of clinical pharmacists involved in direct patient care on the glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. DESIGN: Eligible patients included those with type 2 diabetes who received insulin or were initiated on insulin therapy by the pharmacists and were willing to perform self-monitoring of blood glucose. The pharmacists provided diabetes education, medication counseling, monitoring, and insulin initiation and/or adjustments, All initial patient interactions with the pharmacists were face-to-face. Thereafter, patient-pharmacist interactions were either face-to-face or telephone contacts. SETTING: Two primary care clinics in a university-affiliated Veterans Affairs Medical Center. PARTICIPANTS: Study subjects were patients with type 2 diabetes who were referred to the pharmacists by their primary care providers for better glycemic control. OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome variables were changes from baseline in glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, and random blood glucose measurements. Secondary outcomes were the number and severity of symptomatic episodes of hypoglycemia, and the number of emergency room visits or hospitalizations related to diabetes. Twenty-three veterans aged 65 - 9.4 years completed the study. Fifteen (65%) patients were initiated on insulin by the pharmacists; 8 (35%) were already using insulin. Patients were followed for a mean - SD of 27 - 10 weeks. Glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose concentrations, and random blood glucose concentrations significantly decreased from baseline by 2.2% (p = 0.00004), 65 mg/dL (p < 0.01), and 82 mg/dL (p = 0.00001), respectively. Symptomatic hypoglycemic episodes occurred in 35% of patients, None of these episodes required physician intervention. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that pharmacists working as members of interdisciplinary primary care teams can positively impact glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes requiring insulin. C1 Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Dept Pharm, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Pharm, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Coast-Senior, EA (reprint author), Med Ctr, Dept Pharm, 1000 Dutch Ridge Rd, Beaver, PA 15009 USA. NR 24 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 4 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 32 IS 6 BP 636 EP 641 DI 10.1345/aph.17095 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZU472 UT WOS:000074200900002 PM 9640480 ER PT J AU Canver, CC Patel, AK Kosolcharoen, P Voytovich, MC AF Canver, CC Patel, AK Kosolcharoen, P Voytovich, MC TI Fungal purulent constrictive pericarditis in a heart transplant patient SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CANDIDA AB Purulent pericarditis caused by Candida species is rare and is associated with very high mortality. Immunosuppressed transplant patients are particularly susceptible to fungal infections. We report a case of Candida purulent constrictive pericarditis in an immunocompromised heart transplant patient who was treated successfully with antifungal agents, surgical drainage, and pericardiectomy. (C) 1998 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Sch Med, Sect Cardiothorac Surg, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Sch Med, Sect Pathol, Madison, WI USA. RP Canver, CC (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Ctr Clin Sci, H4-352,600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 5 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 65 IS 6 BP 1792 EP 1794 DI 10.1016/S0003-4975(98)00277-X PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA ZV146 UT WOS:000074274100080 PM 9647112 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Cuevas-Trisan, RL Scremin, AME Brown, CV Mandelkern, MA AF Scremin, OU Cuevas-Trisan, RL Scremin, AME Brown, CV Mandelkern, MA TI Functional electrical stimulation effect on skeletal muscle blood flow measured with (H2O)-O-15 positron emission tomography SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; INPUT FUNCTION; EXERCISE; INSULIN; RESPONSES; PATIENT; DISEASE; GLUCOSE; INVIVO AB Objective: To test the hypothesis that the limitation in muscle power development with functional electrical stimulation (FES) results from an insufficient increase in muscle blood how (MBF) in response to activity. Subjects and Methods: Five subjects with neurologically complete spinal cord injury (SCI) were tested to measure the MBF response to FES-induced knee extension. The MBF response to voluntary knee extension was measured in five age-matched, able-bodied controls. MBF was measured with positron emission tomography (PET) using (H2O)-O-15 as a tracer. Three scans were performed with muscle at rest (baseline), immediately after 16min of FES-induced or voluntary knee extension (activity), and 20min after the second scan (recovery). Results: In SCI subjects, mean +/-SE MBF (mL/100g/min) values were: baseline = 1.85 +/- .48; post-FES = 31.9 +/- 5.65 (p = .0058 vs baseline); recovery = 6.06 +/- 1.52 (p = .0027 vs baseline). In able-bodied controls, mean +/-SE MBF values were: baseline = 8.52 +/- 3.24, post-voluntary exercise = 12.62 +/- 3.03 (p = .023 vs post-FES in SCI subjects); recovery = 10.7 +/- 6.01. Conclusions: MBF does not appear to be the limiting factor in muscle power generation with FES, The greater increase in MBF observed with FES in SCI subjects when compared with able-bodied subjects performing a similar task (unloaded knee extension against gravity) may relate to abnormal metabolism in FES-stimulated muscle. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 79 IS 6 BP 641 EP 646 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(98)90037-5 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA ZT554 UT WOS:000074099500007 PM 9630142 ER PT J AU Escary, JL Choy, HA Reue, K Schotz, MC AF Escary, JL Choy, HA Reue, K Schotz, MC TI Hormone-sensitive lipase overexpression increases cholesteryl ester hydrolysis in macrophage foam cells SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hormone-sensitive lipase; foam cells; cholesteryl ester hydrolysis ID HOMOZYGOUS FAMILIAL HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; J774 MACROPHAGES; GENE-EXPRESSION; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; MESSENGER-RNA; METABOLISM; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; LOCALIZATION AB Atherosclerosis is a complex physiopathologic process initiated by the formation of cholesterol-rich lesions in the arterial wall. Macrophages play a crucial role in this process because they accumulate large amounts of cholesterol esters (CEs) to form the foam cells that initiate the formation of the lesion and participate actively in the development of the lesion: Therefore, prevention or reversal of CE accumulation in macrophage foam cells could result in protection from multiple pathological effects. In this report, we show that the CE hydrolysis catalyzed by neutral cholesterol ester hydrolase (nCEH) can be modulated by overexpression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in macrophage foam cells. For these studies, RAW 264.7 cells, a murine macrophage cell line, were found to be a suitable model of foam cell formation. HSL expression and nCEH activity in these cells and in peritoneal macrophages were comparable. In addition, antibody titration showed that essentially all nCEH activity in murine macrophages was accounted for by HSL. To examine the effect of HSL overexpression on foam cell formation, RAW 264.7 cells were stably transfected with a rat HSL cDNA. The resulting HSL overexpression increased hydrolysis of cellular CEs 2- to 3-fold in lipid-laden cells in the presence of an acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor. Furthermore, addition of cAMP produced a 5-fold higher rate of CE hydrolysis in cholesterol-laden, HSL-overexpressing cells than in control cells and resulted in nearly complete hydrolysis of cellular CEs in only 9 hours, compared with <50% hydrolysis in control cells. Thus, HSL overexpression stimulated the net hydrolysis of CEs, leading to faster hydrolysis of lipid deposits in model foam cells. These data suggest that HSL overexpression in macrophages, alone or in combination with ACAT inhibitors, may constitute a useful therapeutic approach for impeding CE accumulation in macrophages in vivo. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Schotz, MC (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Bldg 113,Room 312, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 41 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 18 IS 6 BP 991 EP 998 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZU232 UT WOS:000074175500020 PM 9633942 ER PT J AU Kaulin, YA Schagina, LV Bezrukov, SM Malev, VV Feigin, AM Takemoto, JY Teeter, JH Brand, JG AF Kaulin, YA Schagina, LV Bezrukov, SM Malev, VV Feigin, AM Takemoto, JY Teeter, JH Brand, JG TI Cluster organization of ion channels formed by the antibiotic syringomycin E in bilayer lipid membranes SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTANCE STATES; PSEUDOMONAS-SYRINGAE; SODIUM-CHANNEL; PHYTOTOXIN; MECHANISM AB The cyclic lipodepsipeptide, syringomycin E, when incorporated into planar lipid bilayer membranes, forms two types of channels (small and large) that are different in conductance by a factor of sixfold. To discriminate between a cluster organization-type channel structure and other possible different structures for the two channel types, their ionic selectivity and pore size were determined. Pore size was assessed using water-soluble polymers, ion selectivity was found to be essentially the same for both the small and large channels. Their reversal (zero current) potentials with the sign corresponding to anionic selectivity did not differ by more than 3 mV at a twofold electrolyte gradient across the bilayer. Reduction in the single-channel conductance induced by poly(ethylene glycol)s of different molecular weights demonstrated that the aqueous pore sizes of the small and large channels did not differ by more than 2% and were close to 1 nm. Based on their virtually identical selectivity and size, we conclude that large syringomycin E channels are clusters of small ones exhibiting synchronous opening and closing. C1 Monell Chem Senses Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Cytol, St Petersburg 194064, Russia. NICHD, NIH, Lab Phys & Struct Biol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nucl Phys, Gatchina 188350, Russia. Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Brand, JG (reprint author), Monell Chem Senses Ctr, 3500 Market St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM brand@monell.org RI Takemoto, Jon/A-5309-2011 OI Takemoto, Jon/0000-0001-9919-9168 FU NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-00356, DC-01838] NR 25 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 74 IS 6 BP 2918 EP 2925 PG 8 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA ZT214 UT WOS:000074061500020 PM 9635746 ER PT J AU Said, JW Heppner, K Shintaku, IP Schrage, M Green, E Rettig, MR Vescio, RA Schiller, G Ma, HJ Belson, D Savage, A Berenson, JR Koeffler, HP Asou, H Pinkus, G Pinkus, J AF Said, JW Heppner, K Shintaku, IP Schrage, M Green, E Rettig, MR Vescio, RA Schiller, G Ma, HJ Belson, D Savage, A Berenson, JR Koeffler, HP Asou, H Pinkus, G Pinkus, J TI Multiple myeloma and HHV8 infection - Response SO BLOOD LA English DT Letter ID DNA C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Said, JW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 91 IS 11 BP 4392 EP 4393 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ZP871 UT WOS:000073797000050 ER PT J AU Figlewicz, DP Patterson, TA Johnson, LB Zavosh, A Israel, PA Szot, P AF Figlewicz, DP Patterson, TA Johnson, LB Zavosh, A Israel, PA Szot, P TI Dopamine transporter mRNA is increased in the CNS of Zucker fatty (fa/fa) rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE in situ hybridization; neurotransmitter transporters; Zucker ID BRAIN MONOAMINE METABOLISM; GENETICALLY-OBESE RATS; MESSENGER-RNA; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; INSULIN; NOREPINEPHRINE; MICRODIALYSIS; GENOTYPE; ENZYMES; NEURONS AB The obese Zucker fa/fa rat is characterized by hyperinsulinemia, obesity, and altered monoamine metabolism in the central nervous system (CNS), It has been proposed that the changes in monoamine metabolism may contribute to the metabolic pathophysiology of these animals. Because it has been reported that insulin may regulate the catecholamine reuptake transporters, which terminate monoaminergic synaptic signaling, in the present study we tested whether messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels for the noradrenergic (NE) or dopaminergic (DA) transporters were altered in obese fa/fa vs. lean Fa/Fa Zucker rats. We found significantly elevated DA transporter levels in both the ventral tegmental area/substantia nigra pars compacta (VTA/SNc) and zona incerta (ZI) of obese Zucker fa/fa rats (164 +/- 24% of control levels, p = .024; and 316 +/- 61% of control levels, p = .019, respectively), Measurement of mRNA for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate-limiting enzyme for NE and DA synthesis revealed no effect of the fa gene in either NE or DA neurons. These findings suggest that increased DA clearance, and perhaps decreased DA signaling, may occur in the obese Zucker fa/fa rat. Published 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Figlewicz, DP (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Seattle Div, 1660 So Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK40963] NR 29 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0361-9230 J9 BRAIN RES BULL JI Brain Res. Bull. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 46 IS 3 BP 199 EP 202 DI 10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00009-4 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZW451 UT WOS:000074412300003 PM 9667812 ER PT J AU Jones, RE Blackburn, WD AF Jones, RE Blackburn, WD TI Joint replacement surgery: Preoperative management SO BULLETIN ON THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-LOSS; RISK C1 Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Jones, RE (reprint author), Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARTHRITIS FOUNDATION PI ATLANTA PA 1314 SPRING STREET NW, ATLANTA, GA 30309 USA SN 0007-5248 J9 B RHEUM DIS JI Bull. Rheum. Dis. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 47 IS 4 BP 5 EP COVER4 PG 4 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA ZV648 UT WOS:000074326900003 PM 9624823 ER PT J AU Hammond, LA Eckardt, JR Ganapathi, R Burris, HA Rodriguez, GA Eckhardt, SG Rothenberg, ML Weiss, GR Kuhn, JG Hodges, S Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK AF Hammond, LA Eckardt, JR Ganapathi, R Burris, HA Rodriguez, GA Eckhardt, SG Rothenberg, ML Weiss, GR Kuhn, JG Hodges, S Von Hoff, DD Rowinsky, EK TI A phase I and translational study of sequential administration of the topoisomerase I and II inhibitors topotecan and etoposide SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DNA UNTWISTING ENZYME; ACTIVE-SITE TYROSINE; ACUTE-LEUKEMIA; CAMPTOTHECIN; MUTANTS; CELLS; EXPRESSION; POISONS; SINGLE; CANCER AB Because topoisomerase (topo) I- and topo II-targeting agents exert their principal effects on the two major classes of enzymes involved in regulating DNA topology in the cell, there has been considerable interest in evaluating combinations of these classes of agents. In preclinical studies of inhibitors of topo I and topo II in combination, drug scheduling and sequencing have been critical determinants of antitumor activity, with a greater magnitude of cytotoxicity generally occurring when treatment with the topo I inhibitor precedes treatment with the topo II-targeting agent. The underlying mechanism that has been proposed to explain this schedule dependency is compensatory up-regulation of topo II, and, therefore, enhanced cytotoxicity of topo II inhibitors in cells treated initially with topo I inhibitors. The feasibility of sequentially administering the topo I inhibitor topotecan (TPT) followed by the topo II inhibitor etoposide to patients with advanced solid malignancies was evaluated in this Phase I and translational laboratory study. Fifty patients with solid neoplasms were treated with TPT doses ranging from 0.17 to 1.05 mg/m(2)/day as a 72-h continuous (i.v.) infusion on days 1-3 followed by etoposide, 75 or 100 mg/m(2)/day as a 2-h i.v. infusion daily on days 8-10, The combined rate of severe neutropenia and thrombocytopenia was unacceptably high above the TPT (mg/m(2)/day)/etoposide (mg/m(2)/day) dose levels of 0.68/100 and 0.68/75 in minimally and heavily pretreated patients, respectively, and these dose levels are recommended for further disease-directed evaluations of TPT/etoposide on this administration schedule. Successive biopsies of accessible tumors were obtained for quantitation of topo I and II levels prior to and immediately after treatment with TPT and prior to and immediately after treatment with etoposide in seven patients. The results of these limited studies in tumors did not fully support the proposed mechanistic rationale favoring the development of this particular sequential TPT/etoposide regimen, because only two of the six patients' tumors in whom topo I was successively measured had either modest or substantial decrements in topo I levels following treatment with TPT, and the principal effect of interest, upregulation of topo II following treatment with TPT, was clearly documented in the tumors of only one of six subjects in whom successive measurements of topo I were performed. Even in view of the notable objective antitumor activity in three subjects, including a complete response in a patient with colorectal carcinoma and partial responses in one patient each with non-small cell lung and gastric carcinomas, the toxicity and ancillary laboratory results do not provide substantial evidence that sequential treatment with TPT and etoposide might be more advantageous than either TPT or etoposide administered as a single agent. C1 Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Cleveland Clin Fdn, Dept Expt Therapeut Program, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Oncol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hammond, LA (reprint author), Canc Therapy & Res Ctr, Inst Drug Dev, 8122 Datapoint Dr,6th Floor, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [T32-CA09434, CM-07035]; NCRR NIH HHS [RR01346] NR 51 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 4 IS 6 BP 1459 EP 1467 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZU654 UT WOS:000074219700013 PM 9626463 ER PT J AU Hughes, MP Carlson, TH McLaughlin, MK Bankson, DD AF Hughes, MP Carlson, TH McLaughlin, MK Bankson, DD TI Evaluation of NaF as a preservative in homocysteine measurements. SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 44 SU 6 MA 605 BP A139 EP A139 PN 2 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA ZT249 UT WOS:000074065700608 ER PT J AU Shlaes, DM Gerding, DN John, JF Craig, WA Bornstein, DL Duncan, RA Eckman, MR Farrer, WE Greene, WH Lorian, V Levy, S McGowan, JE Paul, SM Ruskin, J Tenover, FC Watanakunakorn, C AF Shlaes, DM Gerding, DN John, JF Craig, WA Bornstein, DL Duncan, RA Eckman, MR Farrer, WE Greene, WH Lorian, V Levy, S McGowan, JE Paul, SM Ruskin, J Tenover, FC Watanakunakorn, C TI Lactobacillus bacteremia and endocarditis - Reply SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Wyeth Ayerst Res, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. Vet Affairs Lakeside Med Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. SUNY Hlth Sci Ctr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. Lahey Clin, Burlington, MA USA. Duluth Clin Ltd, Duluth, MN USA. St Elizabeth Hosp, Elizabeth, NJ USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Bronx Lebanon Hosp Ctr, Bronx, NY 10456 USA. Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Grady Mem Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. New Jersey State Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. Kaiser Permanente Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90034 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. St Elizabeth Hosp, Med Ctr, Youngstown, OH 44501 USA. RP Shlaes, DM (reprint author), Wyeth Ayerst Res, 401 N Middletown Rd, Pearl River, NY 10965 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1483 EP 1483 DI 10.1086/517656 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZU252 UT WOS:000074177900067 ER PT J AU Hitchcock, P Marsh, G Larme, AC Correa, A Meyer, J Pugh, JA AF Hitchcock, P Marsh, G Larme, AC Correa, A Meyer, J Pugh, JA TI Patient choice in diabetes education curriculum - Nutritional versus standard content for type 2 diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID MEXICAN-AMERICANS; SELF-MANAGEMENT; ADULTS; INTERVENTION; ATTRITION; MELLITUS; IMPACT; TRIALS; NIDDM AB OBJECTIVE - To examine the effects of patient choice between two education curriculums that emphasized either the standard or nutritional management of type 2 diabetes on class attendance and other outcomes among a mostly Hispanic patient population. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A total of 596 patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly assigned to either a choice or no choice condition. Patients in the choice condition were allowed to choose their curriculum, while patients in the no choice condition were randomly assigned to one of the two curriculums. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and at a B-month follow-up. RESULTS - When given a choice, patients chose the nutrition curriculum almost four times more frequently than the standard curriculum. Contrary to our hypothesis, however, patients who had a choice did not significantly increase their attendance rates or demonstrate improvements in other diabetes outcomes compared with patients who were randomly assigned to the two curriculums. Patients in the nutrition curriculum had significantly lower serum cholesterol at a 6-month follow-up, whereas patients in the standard curriculum had significant improvements in glycemic control. Of the randomized patients, 30% never attended any classes; the most frequently cited reasons for nonattendance were socioeconomic. Hispanic patients, however were just as likely as non-Hispanic patients to attend classes and participate at the follow-up. Patients who attended all five classes of either curriculum significantly increased their diabetes knowledge, gained less weight, and reported improved physical functioning compared with patients who did not attend any classes. CONCLUSIONS - Although providing patients with a choice in curriculums at the introductory level did not improve outcomes, differential improvements were noted between patients who attended curriculums with different content emphasis. We suggest that diabetes education programs should provide the opportunity for long-term, repetitive contacts to expand on the modest gains achieved at the introductory level, as well as provide more options to match individual needs and interests and to address socioeconomic barriers to participation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, ALMD, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Hlth Syst, Texas Diabet Inst, San Antonio, TX USA. Mexican Amer Med Treatment Effectiveness Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hitchcock, P (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, ALMD, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. OI Pugh, Jacqueline/0000-0003-4933-141X NR 24 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JUN PY 1998 VL 21 IS 6 BP 896 EP 901 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZN874 UT WOS:000073692200005 ER PT J AU Melnik, G Schwesinger, WH Teng, R Dogolo, LC Vincent, J AF Melnik, G Schwesinger, WH Teng, R Dogolo, LC Vincent, J TI Hepatobiliary elimination of trovafloxacin and metabolites following single oral doses in healthy volunteers SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PHARMACOKINETICS; CP-99,219; QUINOLONE AB Trovafloxacin, a fluoronaphthyridone derivative related to fluoroquinolones, has significant activity against gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, including penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, anaerobes and atypical organisms, good tissue penetration and a long elimination half-life. Following oral administration, less than 10% of the dose is renally eliminated as unchanged drug. Hepatobiliary elimination of trovafloxacin was examined by comparing the time course and bile and serum concentrations of trovafloxacin and its metabolites following oral administration to three patients with in-dwelling nasobiliary catheters or T-tubes. Following a single 200 mg oral dose? the mean maximum plasma trovafloxacin concentration was 2.0 +/- 0.4mg/l, the area under the concentration-time curve 22.0 +/- 5.5 mg.h/l and the elimination half-life 8.5 h. Values in bile for the same subjects were 27.8 +/- 9.6 mg/l, 327.7 +/- 142.9 mg.h/l and 10.7 h. Corresponding values for the N-acetyl metabolite in bile were 3.8 +/- 3.4 mg/l, 35.3 +/- 29.8 mg.h/l and 8.3 h. The mean bile : serum ratio of trovafloxacin was 14:9 and consistent with biliary elimination. Serum concentrations of trovafloxacin in this study were similar to these reported in healthy volunteers. Bile concentrations of trovafloxacin substantially exceeded those of the N-acetyl metabolite, suggesting efficient clearance of the metabolite or that hepatic metabolism of trovafloxacin is not extensive. C1 Pfizer Inc, Div Cent Res, Dept Clin Res, Groton, CT 06340 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Vincent, J (reprint author), Pfizer Inc, Div Cent Res, Dept Clin Res, Eastern Point Rd, Groton, CT 06340 USA. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0934-9723 J9 EUR J CLIN MICROBIOL JI Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 17 IS 6 BP 424 EP 426 DI 10.1007/BF01691576 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 116DR UT WOS:000075708800014 PM 9758286 ER PT J AU Mertz, H Fullerton, S Naliboff, B Mayer, EA AF Mertz, H Fullerton, S Naliboff, B Mayer, EA TI Symptoms and visceral perception in severe functional and organic dyspepsia SO GUT LA English DT Article DE dyspepsia; hyperalgesia; visceral afferents ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; MECHANISMS; OCTREOTIDE; ENDOSCOPY; PAIN AB Background-Hypersensitivity of gastric afferent pathways may play an aetiological role in symptoms of functional dyspepsia. Aims-To determine whether patients with severe organic dyspepsia (associated with tissue irritation/injury) and those with functional dyspepsia (no detectable tissue irritation) differ in their perception of gastric distension and whether this difference is reflected in differences in their gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms. Methods-Perceptual thresholds, referral patterns, and gastraintestinal and psychological symptoms were compared in 23 patients with functional dyspepsia, 10 organic dyspeptics, and 15 healthy controls. Results-Fifteen (65%) functional dyspeptics and no organic dyspeptics had reduced perceptual thresholds far fullness, discomfort, or pain (odds ratio (OR) 19.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.95 to 476.09, p=0.0017). Either reduced perceptual thresholds or altered referral was found in 20 (87%) functional dyspeptics and four (20%) organic dyspeptics (OR 10.0, 95% CI 1.34 to 89.54, p=0.014). During sham distension fullness, discomfort and pain were reported by healthy controls, organic dyspeptics, and functional dyspeptics. A sham response of pain but no other sensation was more frequent among functional dyspeptics (43%) than healthy controls (7%) (OR 10.77, 95% CI 1.10 to 257.35, p=0.026). Gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms and gastric compliance were similar in the functional and organic groups. Conclusions-Alterations in the perception of gastric distension distinguishes California, USA between functional and organic dyspepsia, while symptoms do not. A total of 87% of functional dyspeptics studied had evidence of altered visceral afferent function. In this study population, psychological abnormalities or changes in compliance did not explain the findings. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 223, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 40919] NR 27 TC 176 Z9 186 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD JUN PY 1998 VL 42 IS 6 BP 814 EP 822 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZU024 UT WOS:000074153600012 PM 9691920 ER PT J AU Dubinett, SM Miller, PW Sharma, S Batra, RK AF Dubinett, SM Miller, PW Sharma, S Batra, RK TI Gene therapy for lung cancer SO HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH-FACTOR; WILD-TYPE P53; TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES; INTERFERON-GAMMA-PRODUCTION; LASTING ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY; PULSED DENDRITIC CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; IN-VIVO; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD AB Lung cancer is the major cause of cancer-realted mortality, accounting for approximately 30% of all such deaths in the United States every year. Although few patients have been treated, the preliminary results of the phase I lung cancer gene therapy clinical trials are promising. Clinically relevant basic research in the molecular pathogenesis and immunology of lung cancer is progressing. As improved vector technologies are developed, new opportunities will be available to initiate lung cancer gene therapy trials based on a more detailed understanding of lung cancer biology. Although important biological and technical questions remain unanswered, recent research suggests that gene therapy will have a profound impact on lung cancer treatment. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Wadsworth Pulm Immunol Lab, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Dubinett, SM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Sci 37-131, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 239 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8588 J9 HEMATOL ONCOL CLIN N JI Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 12 IS 3 BP 569 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70009-5 PG 28 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 105AJ UT WOS:000075049400007 PM 9684099 ER PT J AU Tyler, KL Sokol, RJ Oberhaus, SM Le, MS Karrer, FM Narkewicz, MR Tyson, RW Murphy, JR Low, R Brown, WR AF Tyler, KL Sokol, RJ Oberhaus, SM Le, MS Karrer, FM Narkewicz, MR Tyson, RW Murphy, JR Low, R Brown, WR TI Detection of reovirus RNA in hepatobiliary tissues from patients with extrahepatic biliary atresia and choledochal cysts SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY MAY 10-11, 1997 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; NEONATAL HEPATITIS; TYPE-3 INFECTION; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; SEROTYPE-3 INFECTION; POLYSPLENIA SYNDROME; SIGMA-1 PROTEIN; TRACT DISEASE; MICE; INFANTS AB Extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and choledochal cysts (CDC) are important causes of obstructive jaundice in pediatric patients. Viruses in general, and reoviruses in particular, have long been considered as possible etiologic agents responsible for inciting the inflammatory process that leads to these infantile obstructive cholangiopathies, In an effort to determine whether reovirus infection is associated with these disorders, we used a sensitive and specific reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique designed to amplify a portion of the reovirus L1 gene segment from extracts of liver and/or biliary tissues. These tissues were obtained at the time of liver biopsy or surgical procedures from 23 patients with EHBA, 9 patients with CDC, and 33 patients with other hepatobiliary diseases. Hepatic and biliary tissues obtained at autopsy from 17 patients who died without known liver or biliary disease were also analyzed. Reovirus RNA was detected in hepatic and/or biliary tissues from 55% of patients with EHBA and 78% of patients with CDC, Reovirus RNA was found also in extracts of hepatic and/or biliary tissue from 21% of patients with other hepatobiliary diseases and in 12% of autopsy cases. The prevalence of reovirus RNA in tissues from patients with EHBA and CDC was significantly greater than that in patients with other hepatobiliary diseases (chi(2) P = .012 EHBA vs. OTHER, P = .001 CDC vs. OTHER), or AUTOPSY cases (chi(2) P = .006 EHBA vs, AUTOPSY, P < .001 CDC vs. AUTOPSY). C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Hepatobiliary Res Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Denver, CO USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, Denver, CO USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Denver, CO USA. Childrens Hosp, Pediat Liver Ctr, Denver, CO 80218 USA. RP Tyler, KL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Campus Box B-182,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. OI Tyler, Kenneth/0000-0003-3294-5888 FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 46934]; NCRR NIH HHS [5M01 RR00069]; NIA NIH HHS [R01AG14071] NR 79 TC 121 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 6 BP 1475 EP 1482 DI 10.1002/hep.510270603 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZQ460 UT WOS:000073864300003 PM 9620316 ER PT J AU Li, MKK Tsui, CP Sung, JJY Scremin, OU Leung, FW AF Li, MKK Tsui, CP Sung, JJY Scremin, OU Leung, FW TI Potassium channels participate in gastric mucosal protection in rats with partial portal vein ligation SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYDROGEN GAS CLEARANCE; SENSITIVE K+ CHANNELS; HYPERTENSIVE RATS; BLOOD-FLOW; ADRENOCEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; ETHANOL INJURY; SMOOTH-MUSCLE; CROMAKALIM; GLIBENCLAMIDE; INVOLVEMENT AB Glybenclamide, an adenosine triphosphate-dependent potassium (K-ATP(+)) channel blocker, lowered portal pressure and attenuated the hyperdynamic splanchnic circulation in rats with partial portal vein ligation (PPVL). The purpose of this report was to confirm these observations and to test the hypothesis that glybenclamide could reduce acidified ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats with PPVL, Gastric mucosal blood flow (hydrogen gas clearance), systemic blood pressure, and portal pressure were monitored in rats with PPVL or sham operation (SO). Intravenous glybenclamide (20 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered, followed by intragastric acidified ethanol (0.15 N HCl and 15% ethanol), The area of gastric mucosal lesions was assessed by image analysis. In contrast to published findings, there was no significant elevation of portal pressure after glybenclamide administration in rats with PPVL, Glybenclamide did not alter the gastric mucosal hyperemia in these rats. Glybenclamide significantly increased mucosal injury. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that K-ATP(+) channels play a role in protecting the gastric mucosa in rats with PPVL. C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol 111G, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Chinese Univ Hong Kong, Dept Med, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Leung, FW (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol 111G, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RI Hossain, Sarah /C-7332-2009 OI Hossain, Sarah /0000-0003-1355-0979 NR 47 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 27 IS 6 BP 1530 EP 1535 DI 10.1002/hep.510270610 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZQ460 UT WOS:000073864300010 PM 9620323 ER PT J AU George, MS Speer, AM Molloy, M Nahas, Z Teneback, CC Risch, SC Arana, GW Ballenger, JC Post, RM AF George, MS Speer, AM Molloy, M Nahas, Z Teneback, CC Risch, SC Arana, GW Ballenger, JC Post, RM TI Low frequency daily left prefrontal rTMS improves mood in bipolar depression: A placebo-controlled case report SO HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article DE depression; bipolar affective disorder; SPECT; imaging; transcranial magnetic stimulation ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; CORTEX AB Preliminary studies in unipolar depression indicate that daily left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) reduces symptoms of depression. rTMS treatment of depression occurring in the setting of bipolar disorder has been less well studied. To assess the efficacy and toxicity of rTMS in the depressed phase of bipolar disorder, we treated a man with bipolar disorder who was known to develop hypomania and mania with conventional antidepressants. A 47 year old man with Bipolar Disorder type I, depressed phase, was entered into a double-blind parallel treatment trial of left prefrontal rTMS. He was randomized to receive left prefrontal rTMS at low frequency (5 Hz) for 2 weeks, which was then followed by an open phase. The patient's Hamilton Depression scores decreased 44 per cent across the first 2 weeks. In an open extension, his mood further improved over another 2 weeks and he was gradually tapered from rTMS treatments. He had no side effects. Importantly, he did not develop mania, as had occurred with all prior antidepressant trials. After several months he experienced a recurrence of depressive symptoms, was retreated, and re-responded. Further studies are warranted to investigate the optimum dose, duration, location and frequency of rTMS treatments for the depressed phase of bipolar disorder. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6222 J9 HUM PSYCHOPHARM CLIN JI Hum. Psychopharmacol.-Clin. Exp. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 4 BP 271 EP 275 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry; Psychology GA ZV774 UT WOS:000074339800009 ER PT J AU Perera, PY Qureshi, N Christ, WJ Stutz, P Vogel, SN AF Perera, PY Qureshi, N Christ, WJ Stutz, P Vogel, SN TI Lipopolysaccharide and its analog antagonists display differential serum factor dependencies for induction of cytokine genes in murine macrophages SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID LPS-BINDING-PROTEIN; SOLUBLE CD14; (LPS)-BINDING PROTEIN; LIPID-A; BACTERIAL-ENDOTOXIN; BEARING PARTICLES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RECOGNITION; RECEPTOR; CELLS AB Monocytes/macrophages play a central role in mediating the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) derived from gram-negative bacteria by the production of proinflammatory mediators. Recently, it was shown that the expression of cytokine genes for tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10) by murine macrophages in response to low concentrations of LPS is entirely CD14 dependent. In this report, we show that murine macrophages respond to low concentrations of LPS (less than or equal to 2 ng/ml) in the complete absence of serum, leading to the induction of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta genes. In contrast to the TNF-or and IL-1 beta genes, the IP-10 gene is poorly induced in the absence of serum. The addition of recombinant human soluble CD14 (rsCD14) had very little effect on the levels of serum-free, LPS-induced TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, and IP-10 genes. In contrast, the addition of recombinant human LPS-binding protein (rLBP) had opposing effects on the LPS-induced TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta and IP-10 genes, rLBP inhibited LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta genes, while it reconstituted IP-10 gene expression to levels induced in the presence of serum. These results provide further evidence that the induction of TNF-alpha or IL-1 beta genes occurs via a pathway that is distinct from one that leads to the induction of the IP-10 gene and that the pathways diverge at the level of the initial interaction between LPS and cellular CD14. Additionally, the results presented here indicate that LPS structural analog antagonists Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A and SDZ 880.431 are able to inhibit LPS-induced TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta in the absence of serum, while a synthetic analog of Rhodobacter capsulatus lipid A (B 975) requires both rsCD14 and rLBP to function as an inhibitor. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Andover, MA 01810 USA. Novartis Forschungsinst, A-1235 Vienna, Austria. Eisai Res Inst, Andover, MA 01810 USA. RP Vogel, SN (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM vogel@usuhsb.usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI018797, AI 18797, R56 AI018797, R37 AI018797]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 50870, R01 GM050870] NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 66 IS 6 BP 2562 EP 2569 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZP714 UT WOS:000073781100023 PM 9596717 ER PT J AU Mussolino, ME Looker, AC Madans, JH Langlois, JA Orwoll, ES AF Mussolino, ME Looker, AC Madans, JH Langlois, JA Orwoll, ES TI Risk factors for hip fracture in white men: The NHANES I Epidemiologic Follow-up Study SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; RADIOGRAPHIC ABSORPTIOMETRY; DIETARY CALCIUM; SECULAR TRENDS; ELDERLY MEN; BLACK-WOMEN; WEIGHT; MASS; AGE; PREDICTION AB This prospective population-based study assessed predictors of hip fracture risk in white men, Participants were members of the Epidemiologic Follow-up Study cohort of the First National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized civilians who were followed for a maximum of 22 years, A cohort of 2879 white men (2249 in the nutrition and weight-loss subsample, 1437 in the bone density subsample) aged 45-74 years at baseline (1971-1975) were observed through 1992, Ninety-four percent of the original cohort were successfully traced. Hospital records and death certificates were used to identify a total of 71 hip fracture cases (61 in the nutrition and weight-loss subsample, 26 in the bone-density subsample), Among the factors evaluated were age at baseline, previous fractures other than hip, body mass index, smoking status, alcohol consumption, nonrecreational physical activity, weight loss from maximum, calcium intake, number of calories, protein consumption, chronic disease prevalence, and phalangeal bone density, The risk adjusted relative risk (RR) of hip fracture was significantly associated with presence of one or more chronic conditions (RR = 1.91, 95% confidence interval ICI] = 1.19-3.06), weight loss from maximum greater than or equal to 10% (RR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.13-4.59), and 1 SD change in phalangeal bone density (RR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.11-2.68), No other variables were significantly related to hip fracture risk Although based on a small number of cases, this is one of the first prospective studies to relate weight loss and bone density to hip fracture risk in men. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Epidemiol, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NIA, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Mussolino, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Epidemiol, 6525 Belcrest Rd,Room 730, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. OI Orwoll, Eric/0000-0002-8520-7355 NR 56 TC 124 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 6 BP 918 EP 924 DI 10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.6.918 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZR283 UT WOS:000073958600002 PM 9626622 ER PT J AU Siris, ES Chines, AA Altman, RD Brown, JP Johnston, CC Lang, R Mcclung, MR Mallette, LE Miller, PD Ryan, WG Singer, FR Tucci, JR Eusebio, RA Bekker, PJ AF Siris, ES Chines, AA Altman, RD Brown, JP Johnston, CC Lang, R Mcclung, MR Mallette, LE Miller, PD Ryan, WG Singer, FR Tucci, JR Eusebio, RA Bekker, PJ TI Risedronate in the treatment of Paget's disease of bone: An open label, multicenter study SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DISODIUM ETIDRONATE; DIPHOSPHONATE; ALENDRONATE; EHDP AB An open-label, multicenter study was conducted to determine the efficacy and safety of oral risedronate (a pyridinyl bisphosphonate) in 162 patients (102 men, 60 postmenopausal women; mean age, 68 years) with moderate to severe Paget's disease of bone (mean serum alkaline phosphatase [ALP] approximately seven times the upper limit of normal). Patients were treated with oral risedronate, 30 mg/day for 84 days, followed by 112 days without treatment. This 196-day cycle was repeated once if serum ALP did not normalize or increased from the nadir value by greater than or equal to 25%. At the end of the first and second cycles, the mean percentage decreases for serum ALP were 65.7% and 69.1%, and for urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine 50.4% and 66.9%, respectively. The decreases from baseline in ALP and urinary hydroxyproline/creatinine were significant (p < 0.001). Normalization of serum ALP was observed in 86 patients (53.8%): 53 during the first treatment cycle and 33 during the second. There was a significant proportion of patients reporting a decrease in the pagetic bone pain at days 84 and 196 (p < 0.001), Overall, risedronate was well tolerated. Five patients withdrew due to adverse events, none of which were considered to be drug related. In conclusion, 30 mg of oral risedronate administered daily for 84 days significantly reduced the biochemical indices of disease activity and was associated with pain reduction in patients with moderate to severe Paget's disease of bone. Normalization of ALP was observed in the majority of patients. Repeated administration of risedronate was shown to be beneficial. In general, risedronate was well tolerated and demonstrated a good safety profile. C1 Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. Procter & Gamble Co, Pharmaceut, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Miami, Miami, FL 33152 USA. VA Med Ctr, Miami, FL USA. CHU Laval, St Foy, PQ, Canada. Indiana Univ Hosp, Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Oregon Osteoporosis Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Earle A Chiles Res Inst, Portland, OR USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Colorado Ctr Bone Res, Lakewood, CO USA. Rush Presbyterian St Lukes Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. John Wayne Canc Inst, Santa Monica, CA USA. Roger Williams Med Ctr, Providence, RI USA. RP Siris, ES (reprint author), Columbia Presbyterian Med Ctr, Harkness Pavil,Room 9-904,180 Washington Ave, New York, NY 10032 USA. NR 29 TC 88 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1032 EP 1038 DI 10.1359/jbmr.1998.13.6.1032 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZR283 UT WOS:000073958600015 PM 9626635 ER PT J AU Li, N Oberley, TD Oberley, LW Zhong, WX AF Li, N Oberley, TD Oberley, LW Zhong, WX TI Inhibition of cell growth in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts by overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase: Mechanistic studies SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME LEVELS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MALIGNANT PHENOTYPE; PARAQUAT RESISTANCE; HAMSTER-KIDNEY; RAT-LIVER; EXPRESSION; TOXICITY; DIFFERENTIATION AB NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblasts were transfected with the cDNA for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and two clones overexpressing MnSOD activity were subsequently characterized by comparison with parental and control plasmid-transfected cells. One clone with a 1.8-fold increase in MnSOD activity had a 1.5-fold increase in glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity (increased GPX-adapted clone), while a second clone with a 3-fold increase in MnSOD activity had a 2-fold decrease in copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD] activity (decreased CuZnSOD-adapted clone). Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels compared with parental or control plasmid-transfected cells were observed in nonsynchronous cells in the increased GPX-adapted clone, but not in the decreased CuZnSOD-adapted clone. The two MnSOD-overexpressing clones showed different sensitivities to agents that generate oxidative stress. Flow cytometry analysis of the cell cycle showed altered cell cycle progression in both MnSOD-overexpressing clones. During logarithmic growth, both MnSOD-overexpressing clones showed increased mitochondrial membrane potential compared with parental and control plasmid-transfected cells. Both MnSOD-overexpressing clones showed a decrease in mitochondrial mass at the postconfluent phase of growth, suggesting that mitochondrial mass may be regulated by MnSOD and/or ROS levels. Our results indicate that adaptation of fibroblasts to overexpression of MnSOD can involve more than one mechanism, with the resultant cell phenotype dependent on the adaptation mechanism utilized by the cell. (C) 1998 Wiley-iiss, Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Iowa, Radiat Res Lab, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Room A35,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53706 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA41267] NR 52 TC 63 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 175 IS 3 BP 359 EP 369 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199806)175:3<359::AID-JCP14>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 117MJ UT WOS:000075784900014 PM 9572481 ER PT J AU Margolis, ML Howlett, P Bubanj, R AF Margolis, ML Howlett, P Bubanj, R TI Pulmonary nodules in patients with esophageal carcinoma SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Thoracic-Society National Meeting CY MAY, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Thorac Soc DE pulmonary nodules; esophageal cancer; pulmonary metastases ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMA; METASTASES AB The clinical significance of lung nodules in patients with esophageal carcinoma has received little attention. Therefore, we carried out a retrospective detailed review of 116 consecutive cases of esophageal carcinoma, including 98 squamous cell cancers, seen at the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center between 1984 and 1997. Seventy-four percent of our patients were black; it was not surprising therefore that 84% of our patients in this series had squamous cell cancers. Initially, chest radiographs, computed tomography (CT) scans, or thoracotomy showed solitary pulmonary nodules in 22 (19%) patients. A definitive diagnosis was established in 19 patients, including 15 (68%) benign nodules and 4 (18%) new primary lung carcinomas. Three (14%) nodules were indeterminate, but in no case could a solitary lung metastasis be identified. Radiographic evidence of multiple lung metastases was present, however, in 4 (3%) of 116 patients at diagnosis. Autopsies of six patients were later performed, and three showed multiple lung metastases; two of these patients had negative chest radiographs shortly before death. Our experience suggests that for a cohort of mostly squamous cell esophageal cancers, a solitary lung metastasis is rare at diagnosis; a solitary pulmonary nodule at this time likely represents a benign abnormality or primary lung cancer. Multiple pulmonary metastases are also very unusual at diagnosis, probably become increasingly common during the terminal phases of disease, and may be radiographically occult. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm, Dept Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Allegheny Univ Hosp, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Margolis, ML (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm, Dept Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 13 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 26 IS 4 BP 245 EP 248 DI 10.1097/00004836-199806000-00004 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZT854 UT WOS:000074134700004 PM 9649002 ER PT J AU Garvey, WT Maianu, L Zhu, JH Brechtel-Hook, G Wallace, P Baron, AD AF Garvey, WT Maianu, L Zhu, JH Brechtel-Hook, G Wallace, P Baron, AD TI Evidence for defects in the trafficking and translocation of GLUT4 glucose transporters in skeletal muscle as a cause of human insulin resistance SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE insulin resistance; type 2 diabetes mellitus; insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (vp165); vesicle trafficking; GLUT4 ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; PROTEIN; NIDDM; OBESITY; HYPERINSULINEMIA; EXPRESSION; PHOSPHORYLATION; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTITATION AB Insulin resistance is instrumental in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and the Insulin Resistance Syndrome. While insulin resistance involves decreased glucose transport activity in skeletal muscle, its molecular basis is unknown. Since muscle GLUT4 glucose transporter levels are normal in type 2 diabetes, we have tested the hypothesis that insulin resistance is due to impaired translocation of intracellular GLUT4 to sarcolemma. Both insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant nondiabetic subgroups were studied, in addition to type 2 diabetic patients. Biopsies were obtained from basal and insulin-stimulated muscle, and membranes were subfractionated on discontinuous sucrose density gradients to equilibrium or under nonequilibrium conditions after a shortened centrifugation time. In equilibrium fractions from basal muscle, GLUT4 was decreased by 25-29% in both 25 and 28% sucrose density fractions and increased twofold in both the 32% sucrose fraction and bottom pellet in diabetics compared with insulin-sensitive controls, without any differences in membrane markers (phospholemman, phosphalamban, dihydropyridine-binding complex alpha-1 subunit). Thus, insulin resistance was associated with redistribution of GLUT4 to denser membrane vesicles, Na effects of insulin stimulation on GLUT4 localization were observed. In non-equilibrium fractions, insulin led to small GLUT4 decrements in the 25 and 28% sucrose fractions and increased GLUT4 in the 32% sucrose fraction by 2.8-fold over basal in insulin-sensitive hut only by 1.5-fold in both insulin-resistant and diabetic subgroups. The GLUT4 increments in the 32% sucrose fraction were correlated with maximal in vivo glucose disposal rates (r = +0.51, P = 0.026), and, therefore, represented GLUT4 recruitment to sarcolemma or a quantitative marker for this process. Similar to GLUT4, the insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (vp165) was redistributed to a dense membrane compartment and did not translocate in response to insulin in insulin-resistant subgroups. In conclusion, insulin alters the subcellular localization of GLUT4 vesicles in human muscle, and this effect is impaired equally in insulin-resistant subjects with and without diabetes. This translocation defect is associated with abnormal accumulation of GLUT4 in a dense membrane compartment demonstrable in basal muscle, We have previously observed a similar pattern of defects causing insulin resistance in human adipocytes, Based on these data, we propose that human insulin resistance involves a defect in GLUT traffic and targeting leading to accumulation in a dense membrane compartment from which insulin is unable to recruit GLUT4 to the cell surface. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. Richard L Roudebush Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Garvey, WT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Med Genet, Dept Med, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM garveywt@musc.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-38764, DK-42469, P60-DK-20542] NR 56 TC 211 Z9 213 U1 0 U2 15 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 1114 FIRST AVE, 4TH FL, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 101 IS 11 BP 2377 EP 2386 DI 10.1172/JCI1557 PG 10 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZU136 UT WOS:000074165900010 PM 9616209 ER PT J AU Saxon, AJ Sloan, KL Reoux, J Haver, VM AF Saxon, AJ Sloan, KL Reoux, J Haver, VM TI Disulfiram use in patients with abnormal liver function test results SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOLISM AB Background: Concern about the precipitation of severe hepatitis by disulfiram often causes clinicians to avoid using this effective treatment in patients who have elevated baseline transaminase levels, even though no empirical evidence has so far shown severe hepatotoxicity to be related to such laboratory abnormalities. This study examines the effects of disulfiram in alcohol-dependent patients with elevated liver function test results and/or serologic evidence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Method: Hepatitis serologies and baseline transaminase levels were obtained for 57 male alcoholics starting treatment with disulfiram. Sequential liver function test results were obtained for up to 12 weeks while subjects took disulfiram. Results: Although subjects with elevated baseline transaminase levels and serologic evidence of HCV infection were the most likely to evidence marked elevations in transaminase levels while taking disulfiram, most subjects took disulfiram without other adverse consequences. In only 1 subject did elevations appear directly related to disulfiram. Conclusion: Monitoring of liver function test results is warranted for patients taking disulfiram and permits most patients with moderately elevated transaminase levels to take it safely. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med,VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Addict Treatment Ctr,Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Saxon, AJ (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 116 ATC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 1 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD JUN PY 1998 VL 59 IS 6 BP 313 EP 316 DI 10.4088/JCP.v59n0607 PG 4 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA ZX045 UT WOS:000074474700007 PM 9671344 ER PT J AU Mueser, KT Goodman, LB Trumbetta, SL Rosenberg, SD Osher, FC Vidaver, R Auciello, P Foy, DW AF Mueser, KT Goodman, LB Trumbetta, SL Rosenberg, SD Osher, FC Vidaver, R Auciello, P Foy, DW TI Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in severe mental illness SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD ABUSE; SEXUAL ABUSE; PSYCHIATRIC-PATIENTS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; POPULATION; VICTIMS; HISTORY; FEMALE; WOMEN AB This research assessed the lifetime prevalence of traumatic events and current posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in 275 patients with severe mental illness (e.g., schizophrenia and bipolar disorder) receiving public mental health services in Concord and Manchester, New Hampshire, and Baltimore, Maryland. Lifetime exposure to traumatic events was high, with 98% of the sample reporting exposure to at least 1 traumatic event. The rate of PTSD in our sample was 43%, but only 3 of 119 patients with PTSD (2%) had this diagnosis in their charts. PTSD was predicted most strongly by the number of different types of trauma, followed by childhood sexual abuse. The findings suggest that PTSD is a common comorbid disorder in severe mental illness that is frequently overlooked in mental health settings. C1 New Hampshire Dartmouth Psychiat Res Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Concord, NH 03301 USA. New Hampshire Hosp, Concord, NH USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Psychol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Mental Hlth Ctr Greater Manchester, Manchester, NH USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Malibu, CA USA. Pepperdine Univ, Dept Psychol, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Mueser, KT (reprint author), New Hampshire Dartmouth Psychiat Res Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, Main Bldg,105 Pleasant St, Concord, NH 03301 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R24 MH56147] NR 30 TC 387 Z9 388 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X EI 1939-2117 J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 66 IS 3 BP 493 EP 499 DI 10.1037//0022-006X.66.3.493 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA ZU589 UT WOS:000074213200005 PM 9642887 ER PT J AU Bradley, KA Bush, KR McDonell, MB Malone, T Fihn, SD AF Bradley, KA Bush, KR McDonell, MB Malone, T Fihn, SD CA Ambulatory Care Quality Improvement Project TI Screening for problem drinking - Comparison of CAGE and AUDIT SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alcohol abuse; screening; CAGE; AUDIT; alcohol drinking ID ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS; IDENTIFICATION TEST AUDIT; DSM-III-R; GENERAL-PRACTICE; COLLABORATIVE PROJECT; PROBLEM DRINKERS; EMERGENCY ROOM; CARE PATIENTS; CONSUMPTION; QUESTIONNAIRE AB OBJECTIVE: To compare self-administered versions of three questionnaires for detecting heavy and problem drinking: the CAGE, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and an augmented version of the CAGE. DESIGN: Cross-sectional surveys. SETTING: Three Department of Veterans Affairs general medical clinics. PATIENTS: Random sample of consenting male outpatients who consumed at least 5 drinks over the past year ("drinkers"), Heavy drinkers were oversampled, MEASUREMENTS: An augmented version of the CAGE was included in a questionnaire mailed to all patients, The AUDIT was subsequently mailed to "drinkers," Comparison standards, based on the tri-level World Health Organization alcohol consumption interview and the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, included heavy drinking (>14 drinks per week typically or greater than or equal to 5 drinks per day at least monthly) and active DSM-IIIR alcohol abuse or dependence (positive diagnosis and at least one alcohol-related symptom in the past year). Areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) were used to compare screening questionnaires. MAIN RESULTS: Of 393 eligible patients, 261 (66%) returned the AUDIT and completed interviews. For detection of active alcohol abuse or dependence, the CAGE augmented with three more questions (AUROC 0.871) performed better than either the CAGE alone or AUDIT (AUROCs 0.820 and 0.777, respectively). For identification of heavy-drinking patients, however, the AUDIT performed best (AUROC 0.870). To identify both heavy drinking and active alcohol abuse or dependence, the augmented CAGE and AUDIT both performed well, but the AUDIT was superior (AUROC 0.861), CONCLUSIONS: For identification of patients with heavy drinking or active alcohol abuse or dependence, the self-administered AUDIT was superior to the CAGE in this population. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Bradley, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Mailstop 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 46 TC 171 Z9 173 U1 5 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 6 BP 379 EP 388 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1998.00118.x PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA ZW468 UT WOS:000074414000004 PM 9669567 ER PT J AU Tsuang, D Bird, TD AF Tsuang, D Bird, TD TI Genetics of dementia SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC 116,Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Tsuang, D (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC 116,Dept Psychiat, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 11 IS 2 BP 41 EP 41 PG 1 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 151JE UT WOS:000077716300001 ER PT J AU Levy-Lahad, E Tsuang, D Bird, TD AF Levy-Lahad, E Tsuang, D Bird, TD TI Recent advances in the genetics of Alzheimer's disease SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review ID AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E GENOTYPE; RECEPTOR-RELATED PROTEIN; ELDERLY AFRICAN-AMERICANS; BETA-PEPTIDE DEPOSITION; E EPSILON-4 ASSOCIATION; AGE-OF-ONSET; DOWNS-SYNDROME; MISSENSE MUTATION; TRANSGENIC MICE AB Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly. It is a clinical-pathologic entity characterized by progressive dementia associated with the neuropathologic hallmarks of A beta amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), neuronal loss, and amyloid angiopathy. Three "causative" AD genes (i.e., genes in which a mutation is sufficient to result in clinical AD) for early-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) and one "susceptibility" gene that affects risk and age of onset of AD in familial and sporadic late-onset AD have been identified. The three causative genes are the amyloid precursor protein (APP gene) on chromosome 21, the presenilin-1 gene on chromosome 14, and the presenilin-2 gene on chromosome 1, The susceptibility gene is the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene on chromosome 19. Investigations of the normal and aberrant function of these genes will provide insights into the mechanisms underlying AD and will suggest new strategies for therapeutic intervention. C1 Shaare Zedek Med Ctr, Dept Med, IL-91000 Jerusalem, Israel. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC 116, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GRECC, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Levy-Lahad, E (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC 116, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 0513C, R01-AG11762] NR 168 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 11 IS 2 BP 42 EP 54 PG 13 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 151JE UT WOS:000077716300002 PM 9877525 ER PT J AU Thomas, SA Marck, BT Palmiter, RD Matsumoto, AM AF Thomas, SA Marck, BT Palmiter, RD Matsumoto, AM TI Restoration of norepinephrine and reversal of phenotypes in mice lacking dopamine beta-hydroxylase SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE norepinephrine; epinephrine; dopamine; dihydroxyphenylserine; dopamine beta-hydroxylase; mice ID L-THREO-DOPS; NORADRENALINE; DEFICIENCY; PRECURSOR AB Mice with a targeted disruption of the dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH) gene are unable to synthesize norepinephrine (NE) and epinephrine. These mice have elevated levels of dopamine in most tissues, although the levels are only a fraction of those normally found for NE. It is noteworthy that NE can be restored to normal levels in many tissues after a single injection of the synthetic amino acid precursor of NE, L-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine (DOPS). In other tissues, NE can be restored to normal levels after multiple injections of DOPS, whereas in the midbrain and cerebellum, restoration of NE is limited to 25-30% of normal. NE levels typically peak similar to 5 h after DOPS administration and are undetectable by 48 h. Epinephrine levels are more difficult to restore. The elevated levels of dopamine fall modestly after injection of DOPS. S(-)-Carbidopa, which does not cross the blood-brain barrier, inhibits aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase and effectively prevents restoration of NE by DOPS in the periphery, while allowing restoration in the CNS. Ptosis and reductions in male fertility, hindlimb extension, postdecapitation convulsions, and uncoupling protein expression in dopamine beta-hydroxylase-deficient mice are all reversed by DOPS injection. C1 Howard Hughes Med Inst, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Thomas, SA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Pharmacol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD 09172, HD 12629] NR 28 TC 135 Z9 135 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 70 IS 6 BP 2468 EP 2476 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZN457 UT WOS:000073647800025 PM 9603211 ER PT J AU Rutecki, PA Yang, YL AF Rutecki, PA Yang, YL TI Ictal epileptiform activity in the CA3 region of hippocampal slices produced by pilocarpine SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROGRAPHIC SEIZURES; ENTORHINAL CORTEX; EXTRACELLULAR POTASSIUM; GABAERGIC INTERNEURONS; RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; PYRAMIDAL CELLS; THETA-RHYTHM; IN-VITRO; NEURONS; EXCITATION AB Pilocarpine, a muscarinic agonist, produces status epilepticus that is associated with the later development of chronic recurrent seizures. When applied to rat hippocampal slices, pilocarpine (10 mu M) produced brief (<200 ms) epileptiform discharges that resembled interictal activity that occurs between seizures, as well as more prolonged synchronous neuronal activation that lasted seconds (3-20 s), and was comparable to ictal or seizures-like discharges. We assessed the factors that favored ictal patterns of activity and determined the biophysical properties of the ictal discharge. The probability of observing ictal discharges was increased when extracellular potassium ([K+](o)) was increased from 5 to 7.5 mM. Raising [K+](o) to 10 mM resulted in loss of ictal patterns and, in 20 of 34 slices, desynchronization of epileptiform activity. Making the artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) hyposmotic favored ictal discharges at 5 mM [K+](o), but shifted 7.5 mM [K+](o) ACSF patterns to interictal discharges or desynchronized activity. Conversely, increasing osmolality suppressed ictal patterns. The pilocarpine-induced ictal discharges were blocked by atropine (1 mu M, n = 5), a muscarinic antagonist, and pirenzepine (1 mu M, n = 6), a selective MI receptor antagonist. Kainate/alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazoleproprionic acid receptor blockade stopped all epileptiform activity (n = s).The N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist D,L-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (100 mu M, n = 34) did not change the pattern of epileptiform activity but significantly increased the rate of interictal discharges and prolonged the duration of ictal discharges. The ictal discharge was characterized intracellularly by a depolarization that was associated with action potential generation and persisted as a membrane oscillation of 4-10 Hz. The ictal oscillations reversed in polarity at -22.7 +/- 2.2 mV (n = 11) with current-clamp recordings and -20.9 +/- 3.1 mV (n = 7) with voltage-clamp recordings. The reversal potential of the ictal discharge in the presence of the gamma-aminobutyric acid-A blocker bicuculline (10 mu M, n = 6) was -2.2 +/- 2.6 mV and was significantly different from that measured without bicuculline. Bicuculline added to 7.5 mM [K+](o) and 10 mu M pilocarpine did not cause epileptiform activity to change pattern but significantly increased the rate of interictal discharges and prolonged the ictal discharge duration. Both synaptic and nonsynaptic mechanisms are important for the generation of ictal patterns of epileptiform activity. Although the synchronous epileptiform activity produced by pilocarpine required fast glutamate-mediated synaptic transmission, the transition from an interictal to ictal pattern of activity depended on [K+](o) and could be influenced by extracellular space. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Neurosci,Training Program, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Rutecki, PA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Neurol Neurosurg & Neurosci,Training Program, 2500 Overlook Tr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-28580] NR 46 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 79 IS 6 BP 3019 EP 3029 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA ZV958 UT WOS:000074359400017 PM 9636105 ER PT J AU Levy, ML Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Masterman, D Miller, BL Craig, AH Paulsen, JS Litvan, I AF Levy, ML Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Masterman, D Miller, BL Craig, AH Paulsen, JS Litvan, I TI Apathy is not depression SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; POSITRON EMISSION; DIAGNOSIS; DEMENTIA; RELIABILITY; CRITERIA; VALIDITY; SCALE AB If depression is associated with apathy, then they should be expressed together in different dementia syndromes and should co-occur at varying levels of disease severity. The authors performed a cross-sectional comparison of neuropsychiatric symptoms in 30 Alzheimer's disease, 28 frontotemporal dementia, 40 Parkinson's disease, 34 Huntington's disease, and 22 progressive supranuclear palsy patients, using a standardized rating scale (the Neuropsychiatric Inventory). Apathy did not correlate with depression in the combined sample; apathy (r = -0.40, P<0.0001), but not depression, correlated with lower cognitive function as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination. The relationship of apathy to depression also varied across diagnostic groups. Apathy is a specific neuropsychiatric syndrome that is distinct from depression. Distinguishing these two syndromes has therapeutic implications. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Harbor Univ Calif Los Angeles Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NINDS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 710 Westwood Pl, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. OI Litvan, Irene/0000-0002-3485-3445 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 37 TC 337 Z9 347 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 10 IS 3 BP 314 EP 319 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 106GJ UT WOS:000075121300007 PM 9706539 ER PT J AU Bondareff, W Matsuyama, SS Dell'Albani, P AF Bondareff, W Matsuyama, SS Dell'Albani, P TI Production of paired helical filament, tau-like proteins by PC12 cells: A model of neurofibrillary degeneration SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE tau; Alzheimer's disease; neurofibrillary degeneration ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ABNORMAL PHOSPHORYLATION; TANGLES; LOCALIZATION; DETERMINANTS; PATHOLOGY; DEMENTIA; ISOFORMS; EPITOPE; KINASE AB Neuron-like cells derived from a rat pheochronaocytoma cell line (PC12) and differentiated with nerve growth factor produce a paired helical filament (PRF)like antigen when they are subjected to heat shock (Wallace et al,: Mol Brain Res 19:149-155, 1993), Tt accumulates in a localized region of the perinuclear cytoplasm and reacts with monoclonal antitau antibodies, which identify epitopes in the N- and C-terminal halves and the microtubule-binding domain of tau protein. The observed profile of immunoreactivity suggests the presence of full-length and C-terminally truncated tau in a region of perinuclear cytoplasm in which no structurally intact PHFs could be demonstrated by conventional transmission electron microscopy. The accumulated tan protein colocalized with antibodies raised against mitochondrial outer membrane proteins and was associated with the presence of numerous mitochondrial profiles that were demonstrated with electron microscopy, Because differentiated PC12 cells pretreated with colcemid or Taxol prior to heat shock fail to exhibit perinuclear PNF-like immunoreactivity, the reported response to heat shock appears to require an intact system of intracellular microtubules. This PC12 system provides a model in which the metabolic and molecular biological underpinnings of neuronal degeneration in Alzheimer's disease can be manipulated. The system may eventually be applicable to the development of pharmaceutical agents that interfere with formation and/or degeneration of PHF-tau in Alzheimer's disease. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Div Geriatr Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Brentwood Div, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Mental Retardat Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Bondareff, W (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Geriatr Psychiat, Hlth Sci Campus,MOL-202, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RI Dell'Albani, Paola/B-7781-2015 OI Dell'Albani, Paola/0000-0003-4349-0276 NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 52 IS 5 BP 498 EP 504 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980601)52:5<498::AID-JNR2>3.3.CO;2-M PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZQ760 UT WOS:000073900300002 PM 9632306 ER PT J AU Furukawa, KS Guo, Q Schellenberg, GD Mattson, MP AF Furukawa, KS Guo, Q Schellenberg, GD Mattson, MP TI Presenilin-1 mutation alters NGF-induced neurite outgrowth, calcium homeostasis, and transcription factor (AP-1) activation in PC12 cells SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Alzheimer's disease; apoptosis; c-fos; endoplasmic reticulum; fura-2; growth cones; inositol trisphosphate; voltage-dependent calcium channels ID NERVE-GROWTH-FACTOR; FAMILIAL ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; GENE-EXPRESSION; IN-VIVO; NEURONS; DIFFERENTIATION; PATHWAYS AB Mutations in the presenilin-1 (PS-1) gene are responsible for many cases of autosomal dominant early-onset inherited Alzheimer's disease (AD), PS-1 is expressed in neurons where it is localized primarily to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER); the normal function of PS-1 and its pathogenic mechanism in AD are not known, We now report that expression of an AD-linked human PS-1 mutation (L286V) in PC12 cells results in aberrant differentiation responses to nerve growth factor (NGF). The extent of neurite outgrowth during a 10-day period of exposure to NGF was significantly reduced In lines stably expressing mutant PS-1. NGF induced a prolonged elevation of intracellular calcium levels which was significantly enhanced in cells expressing mutant PS-1. Induction of DNA binding activity of the transcription factor AP-1 by NGF was markedly suppressed in cells expressing mutant PS-1. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that a PS-1 mutation alters cellular signaling systems associated with NGF-induced differentiation in PC12 cells. Altered responsivity to neurotrophic factors could play a role in the pathogenesis of neuritic degeneration and cell death in human carriers of PS-1 mutations. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Kentucky, Sanders Brown Res Ctr Aging, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Anat & Neurobiol, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Mattson, MP (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Sanders Brown Res Ctr Aging, 211 Sanders Brown Bldg, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM mmattson@aging.coa.uky.edu RI Mattson, Mark/F-6038-2012 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05119, AG05144, AG14554] NR 38 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0360-4012 J9 J NEUROSCI RES JI J. Neurosci. Res. PD JUN 1 PY 1998 VL 52 IS 5 BP 618 EP 624 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4547(19980601)52:5<618::AID-JNR14>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 7 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZQ760 UT WOS:000073900300014 PM 9632318 ER PT J AU Shimada, SD Robertson, RN Bonninger, ML Cooper, RA AF Shimada, SD Robertson, RN Bonninger, ML Cooper, RA TI Kinematic characterization of wheelchair propulsion SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE biomechanics; kinematics; kinetics; stroke patterns; wheelchairs ID INDUSTRY; KINETICS AB Rehabilitation scientists and biomedical engineers have been investigating wheelchair propulsion biomechanics in order to prevent musculoskeletal injuries. Several studies have investigated wheelchair propulsion biomechanics; however, few have examined wheelchair propulsion stroke patterns. The purpose of this study was to characterize wheelchair propulsion stroke patterns by investigating joint accelerations, joint range of motions, wheelchair propulsion phases, and stroke efficiency. Seven experienced wheelchair users (5 males, 2 females) were filmed using a three-camera motion analysis system. Each subject pushed a standard wheelchair fitted with a force-sensing pushrim (SMART(Wheel)) at two speeds (1.3 and 2.2 m/s). The elbow angle was analyzed in the sagittal plane, while the shoulder joint was analyzed in the sagittal and frontal planes. Three distinctly different stroke patterns: semi-circular (SC), single looping-over-propulsion (SLOP), and double looping-over-propulsion (DLOP), were identified from the kinematic analysis. Through our analysis of these patterns, we hypothesized that SC was more biomechanically efficient than the other stroke patterns. Future studies using a larger number of subjects and strokes may reveal more significant distinctions in efficiency measures between stroke patterns. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Shimada, SD (reprint author), VA Med Ctr 151-RI, Human Engn Res Lab, Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. EM shimadas@hhsserver.hhs.csus.edu NR 27 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 35 IS 2 BP 210 EP 218 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA ZV685 UT WOS:000074330700008 PM 9651893 ER PT J AU Goldstein, G Beers, SR Shemansky, WJ Longmore, S AF Goldstein, G Beers, SR Shemansky, WJ Longmore, S TI An assistive device for persons with severe amnesia SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE amnesia; assistive devices; memory ID MEMORY-IMPAIRED PATIENTS; RETENTION; ACQUISITION; KNOWLEDGE AB Five persons with severe amnesia were trained to use a device containing items of information relevant to daily activities. The training consisted of a procedure in which requests for information were paired with a tone, and the subject was required to access the device and respond with the answer to the request. The tone was gradually faded, with the goal of having the subject respond to a question alone. All of the subjects learned to consistently access the device and provide correct responses following a request for information. Generalization across requesters and settings in which the requests were made was also achieved. The findings are discussed in regard to the utility of exploiting the relatively well-preserved procedural memory system for rehabilitation of persons with severe amnesia. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Goldstein, G (reprint author), VA Med Ctr 151R, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 35 IS 2 BP 238 EP 244 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA ZV685 UT WOS:000074330700012 PM 9651897 ER PT J AU Randell, AG Bhalerao, N Nguyen, TV Sambrook, PN Eisman, JA Silverman, SL AF Randell, AG Bhalerao, N Nguyen, TV Sambrook, PN Eisman, JA Silverman, SL TI Quality of life in osteoporosis: Reliability, consistency, and validity of the osteoporosis assessment questionnaire SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE quality of life; reliability; statistics; osteoporosis ID IMPACT MEASUREMENT SCALES; MEASURING HEALTH-STATUS; OF-LIFE; FRACTURES; ARTHRITIS AB Objective. To determine the reliability, consistency, and clinical utility of the Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire (OPAQ), an AIMS2 based self-assessment questionnaire. Methods. Reliability of individual questions, scales, and domains were evaluated in 40 subjects by test-retest and intraclass correlation coefficients and internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha. Construct validity was evaluated by disease state. The relationships between domains and scales were modeled by confirmatory factor analysis. Results. Mean kappa (79 questions) and intraclass correlation (18 health scales) coefficients were 0.58 +/- 0.16 (mean +/- SD) and 0.82 +/- 0.07, respectively. Internal consistency was greater than 0.8 in all but 3 scales. Construct validity was confirmed. Patients with hip fracture recorded lower OPAQ scores than patients with vertebral fracture. Correlation and confirmatory factor analyses grouped the 18 health scales into 7 domains. Conclusion. These findings suggest that OPAQ is a reliable, consistent, and valid instrument capable of distinguishing hierarchy of functional loss in disease states in osteoporosis. C1 St Vincents Hosp, Garvan Inst Med Res, Bone & Mineral Res Program, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. Royal N Shore Hosp, Dept Rheumatol, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Hosp, Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Randell, AG (reprint author), St Vincents Hosp, Garvan Inst Med Res, Bone & Mineral Res Program, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia. EM a.randell@garvan.unsw.edu RI Nguyen, Tuan/B-6147-2008; Eisman, John/C-2886-2014 OI Nguyen, Tuan/0000-0002-3246-6281; NR 20 TC 65 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 5 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1171 EP 1179 PG 9 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA ZQ554 UT WOS:000073879700024 PM 9632082 ER PT J AU Roesler, JM Livingston, EH Srivatsan, E Chang, P Wang, MB AF Roesler, JM Livingston, EH Srivatsan, E Chang, P Wang, MB TI Deletion of P15 (MTS2) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE p15; MTS2; head and neck cancer; squamous cell carcinoma ID TUMOR-SUPPRESSOR GENES; HOMOZYGOUS DELETIONS; FREQUENT; CYCLE; CDKN2; P15(INK4B)/MTS2; PROGRESSION; CANCER; BRAIN; LINES AB Introduction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the multiple tumor suppressor 2 (MTS2) gene, encoding an inhibitor (p15) of cyclin D-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (cdk4, cdk8), is deleted in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC). There is a high frequency of LOH for the 9p21-p22 region in HNSCCs, as well as in gliomas, leukemias, and cell lines from multiple tumor types; thus, this region is suspected to contain a tumor suppressor gene or genes. P16 (MTS1), an inhibitor of cdk4 and cdk6, resides within the deleted 9p21 region in these tumors. A neighboring gene, p15 (MTS2), has biochemical properties similar to those of p16, but has not been characterized in HNSCC. Methods. Twenty-one head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and their proximal margins were snap frozen at the time of surgical resection. DNA isolation was performed using standard phenol and chloroform extraction. Standard PCR methods were used with primers P15-1F and P15-1R, specific for exon 1 of the p15 gene, as described previously. All samples were amplified for beta-Globin as a positive control. PCR products were stained with ethidium bromide and run on 6% polyacrylamide gels. Expected sizes for the PCR products were p15, 532 bp, and beta-globin, 238 bp. Results. Of 21 proximal margins, all demonstrated normal amplification of p15 DNA, all having a visible 532bp PCR product. Of 21 HNSCC tumors, 9 showed no amplification of the p15 gene; none of these 9 neoplasms had visible PCR products. All proximal margins and head and neck squamous cell carcinomas demonstrated amplification of the beta-globin gene, indicating that the DNA used was of good quality. Conclusions. Although PCR is not a quantitative technique, densitometric analysis of PCR products showed it was unlikely that the p15 gene was present in more than a small fraction of the tumor cells. The amount of the p15 PCR product in these cells was less than 3% of that observed in reactions containing an equal amount of DNA from normal cells. We are the first to show an absence of normal p15 exon 1 gene amplification in nearly 50% of HNSCCs studied. Loss of the MTS2 gene product, p15, may contribute to the loss of cell cycle and growth regulation seen in HNSCC. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg,Mol Biol Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg,Mol Biol Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Roesler, JM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg,Mol Biol Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 77 IS 1 BP 50 EP 54 DI 10.1006/jsre.1998.5337 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 108LH UT WOS:000075267500010 PM 9698532 ER PT J AU Simon, JA Hudes, ES AF Simon, JA Hudes, ES TI Relation of serum ascorbic acid to serum lipids and lipoproteins in US adults SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE ascorbic acid; cholesterol; lipids; vitamin C ID ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; VITAMIN-E CONSUMPTION; GUINEA-PIGS; ELDERLY POPULATION; HDL-CHOLESTEROL; PLASMA-LIPIDS; METABOLISM; RISK; WOMEN; DEFICIENCY AB Objective: To examine the relation of serum ascorbic acid level to serum lipid and lipoprotein levels among a random sample of the US adult population. Methods: Using linear regression, the relation of serum ascorbic acid level to serum lipid and lipoprotein levels was examined among 5,412 women and 5,116 men enrolled in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II), 1976-1980. Age, race, body mass index, level of physical activity, level of education, alcohol intake, and dietary energy, cholesterol, and fat intakes, and other potential confounders were included in the multivariate models. Results: Serum ascorbic acid level was independently associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) among women; each 1 mg/dl increase in serum ascorbic acid level (range 0.1 to 2.7 mg/dl) was associated with a 2 mg/dl increase in HDL-C level (p=0.001). Because other investigators have demonstrated an inverse relation between ascorbic acid intake or blood levels and total serum cholesterol in individuals with elevated total serum cholesterol levels, we analyzed four subgroups of NHANES II participants with total serum cholesterol levels >200 mg/dl. Among women with total serum cholesterol levels greater than or equal to 200 mg/dl, each 1 mg/dl increase in serum ascorbic acid level was independently associated with an increase of 2 to 3 mg/dl in HDL-C level (p less than or equal to 0.05). Serum ascorbic acid level was not significantly associated with other serum lipids or lipoproteins. Conclusions: If the observed associations are linked causally, they would suggest that ascorbic acid is a factor in cholesterol homeostasis among women and may be particularly important for women at increased risk for coronary heart disease. C1 San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Simon, JA (reprint author), San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53479] NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL NUTRITION PI NEW YORK PA C/O HOSP. JOINT DIS. 301 E. 17TH ST., NEW YORK, NY 10003 USA SN 0731-5724 J9 J AM COLL NUTR JI J. Am. Coll. Nutr. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 17 IS 3 BP 250 EP 255 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA ZT512 UT WOS:000074095300008 PM 9627911 ER PT J AU Hampel, OZ Kattan, MW Yang, G Haidacher, SJ Saleh, GY Thompson, TC Wheeler, TM Marcelli, M AF Hampel, OZ Kattan, MW Yang, G Haidacher, SJ Saleh, GY Thompson, TC Wheeler, TM Marcelli, M TI Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in human prostatic adenocarcinoma: A prognostic study SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE IGFBP-3; prostate adenocarcinoma; cancer biology; IGF axis; immunocytochemistry ID BREAST-CANCER CELLS; FACTOR IGF; CATHEPSIN-D; MESSENGER-RNA; I RECEPTOR; CARCINOMA; BENIGN; EXPRESSION; TISSUE; LOCALIZATION AB Purpose: We sought to characterize and quantitate the expression of IGFBP-3 in adenocarcinoma of the prostate and to test whether it correlated with tumor differentiation determined by Gleason grade. We also investigated the potential of using IGFBP-3 as a prognostic indicator of clinically localized prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: Initially we evaluated the expression of IGFBP-3 in six normal and twenty neoplastic prostates using standard immunohistochemical techniques (study 1). We then obtained radical prostatectomy specimens from twenty-four patients with a preoperative diagnosis of clinically localized prostate adenocarcinoma and five year follow up information, and nine normal prostates from organ donors or from patients undergoing cystoprostatectomy (study 2). All specimens were immunostained with a polyclonal anti-human IGFBP-3 antibody. A single pathologist reviewed all sections and assigned a Gleason grade to each cancer focus. Using computer-assisted video image analysis, we quantified the intensity of IGFBP-3 immunostaining of each cancer focus and of normal controls. Results: Normal prostatic epithelium showed intense cytoplasmic IGFBP-3 staining. The stromal compartment showed less intense staining, although there were occasional areas with strong immunoreactivity. The cellular distribution of IGFBP-3 staining in prostatic adenocarcinoma was comparable to normal tissue; however, the intensity of detectable staining in neoplastic epithelial cells was significantly decreased. Two foci of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) demonstrated IGFBP-3 immunoreactivity decreased in comparison to normal epithelium, but greater than prostatic adenocarcinoma. Histologically normal epithelium surrounding cancer foci also showed decreased immunostaining for IGFBP-3 compared with normal prostate. The marked decrease in immunostaining intensity of IGFBP-3 in prostate adenocarcinoma was not associated with Gleason grade or with clinical outcome. Conclusion: Malignant transformation of prostatic epithelium was associated with a significant decrease in the amount of immunoreactive IGFBP-3 (p < 0.0001); however, this parameter did not correlate with Gleason grade of the tumor or with patient outcome. The decrease in immunostaining intensity of IGFBP-3 in all Gleason grades and in PIN suggests that lower expression of IGFBP-3 is an early event in prostatic carcinogenesis. The finding that decreased IGFBP-3 immunostaining did not correlate with clinical outcome suggests that this parameter is not a therapy-guiding prognostic indicator for clinically localized prostate cancer. C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Scott Dept Urol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Informat Technol Program, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Marcelli, M (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 48 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 159 IS 6 BP 2220 EP 2225 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)63309-3 PG 6 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA ZM868 UT WOS:000073584400151 PM 9598573 ER PT J AU Carnes, M McMurray, J Allen, C Foster, S Middleton, WS AF Carnes, M McMurray, J Allen, C Foster, S Middleton, WS TI Development of a women's health fellowship. SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1059-7115 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD JUN PY 1998 VL 7 IS 5 BP 630 EP 630 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA ZW759 UT WOS:000074445500066 ER PT J AU Balin, BJ Gerard, HC Arking, EJ Appelt, DM Branigan, PJ Abrams, JT Whittum-Hudson, JA Hudson, AP AF Balin, BJ Gerard, HC Arking, EJ Appelt, DM Branigan, PJ Abrams, JT Whittum-Hudson, JA Hudson, AP TI Identification and localization of Chlamydia pneumoniae in the Alzheimer's brain SO MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia; Alzheimer's disease; inflammation; dementia; infection ID FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENTS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; HERPES-SIMPLEX VIRUS; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E; STRAIN TWAR; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; REITERS-SYNDROME AB We assessed whether the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae was present in post-mortem brain samples from patients with and without late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), since some indirect evidence seems to suggest that infection with the organism might be associated with the disease. Nucleic acids prepared from those samples were screened by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for DNA sequences from the bacterium, and such analyses showed that brain areas with typical AD-related neuropathology were positive for the organism in 17/19 AD patients. Similar analyses of identical brain areas of 18/19 control patients were PCR-negative. Electron- and immunoelectron-microscopic studies of tissues from affected AD brain regions identified chlamydial elementary and reticulate bodies, but similar examinations of non-AD brains were negative for the bacterium. Culture studies of a subset of affected AD brain tissues for C. pneumoniae were strongly positive, while identically performed analyses of non-AD brain tissues were negative. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR assays using RNA from affected areas of AD brains confirmed that transcripts from two important C. pneumoniae genes were present in those samples but not in controls. Immunohistochemical examination of AD brains, but not those of controls, identified C. pneumoniae within pericytes, microglia, and astroglia. Further immunolabelling studies confirmed the organisms' intracellular presence primarily in areas of neuropathology in the AD brain, Thus, C. pneumoniae is present, viable, and transcriptionally active in areas of neuropathology in the AD brain, possibly suggesting that infection with the organism is a risk factor for late-onset AD. C1 Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19129 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Dermatol, MCP Hahnemann Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Wilmer Ophthalmol Inst, Ocular Immunol Labs, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Hudson, AP (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Gordon H Scott Hall,540 E Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM ahudson@med.wayne.edu FU NEI NIH HHS [EY-03324]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-10160]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 97 TC 237 Z9 246 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0300-8584 J9 MED MICROBIOL IMMUN JI Med. Microbiol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 187 IS 1 BP 23 EP 42 DI 10.1007/s004300050071 PG 20 WC Immunology; Microbiology SC Immunology; Microbiology GA 114KQ UT WOS:000075608700005 PM 9749980 ER PT J AU Restrepo, MI Najvar, LK Fothergill, AW Graybill, JR AF Restrepo, MI Najvar, LK Fothergill, AW Graybill, JR TI Pradimicin therapy of disseminated Candida tropicalis infection in the mouse SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BMS; Candida tropicalis; fluconazole; mouse model; pradimicin ID FLUCONAZOLE; ANTIFUNGAL; MICE AB EMS 181184 (BMS), an analogue of pradimicin, was administered intravenously to neutropenic mice infected with either a fluconazole-susceptible or a fluconazole-resistant clinical isolate of Candida tropicalis. EMS prolonged survival at doses >3 mg kg(-1) day(-1), and at higher doses reduced tissue counts in mice. EMS was less potent mg for mg than amphotericin B. Combined EMS and amphotericin B were no more effective than either of the individual drugs. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis 111F, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Restrepo, Marcos/H-4442-2014 NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 36 IS 3 BP 181 EP 184 DI 10.1080/02681219880000271 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 105XL UT WOS:000075100600008 PM 9776832 ER PT J AU Sepulveda, JL Belaguli, N Nigam, V Chen, CY Nemer, M Schwartz, RJ AF Sepulveda, JL Belaguli, N Nigam, V Chen, CY Nemer, M Schwartz, RJ TI GATA-4 and Nkx-2.5 coactivate Nkx-2 DNA binding targets: Role for regulating early cardiac gene expression SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SERUM RESPONSE FACTOR; THYROID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-1; ZINC-FINGER; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; COOPERATIVE INTERACTION; NEGATIVE REGULATION; DEVELOPING HEART; TINMAN HOMOLOG; CELL LINEAGES; FACTOR FAMILY AB The cardiogenic homeodomain factor Nkx-2.5 and serum response factor (SRF) provide strong transcriptional coactivation of the cardiac alpha-actin (alpha CA) promoter in fibroblasts (C. Y. Chen and R. J. Schwartz, Mol. Cell. Biol. 16:6372-6384, 1996). We demonstrate here that Nkx-2.5 also cooperates with GATA-4, a dual C-4 zinc finger transcription factor expressed in early cardiac progenitor cells, to activate the alpha CA promoter and a minimal promoter, containing only multimerized Nkx-2.5 DNA binding sites (NKEs), in heterologous CV-1 fibroblasts. Transcriptional activity requires the N-terminal activation domain of Nkx-2.5 and Nkx-2.5 binding activity through its homeodomain but does not require GATA-4's activation domain, The minimal interactive regions were mapped to the homeodomain of Nkx-2.5 and the second zinc finger of GATA-4. Removal of Nkx-2.5's C-terminal inhibitory domain stimulated robust transcriptional activity, comparable to the effects of GATA-4 on wild-type Nkx-2.5, which in part facilitated Nkx-2.5 DNA binding activity. We postulate the following simple model: GATA-4 induces a conformational change in Nkx-2.5 that displaces the C-terminal inhibitory domain, thus eliciting transcriptional activation of promoters containing Nkx-2.5 DNA binding targets. Therefore, alpha Ca promoter activity appears to be regulated through the combinatorial interactions of at least three cardiac tissue-enriched transcription factors, Nkx-2.5, GATA-4, and SRF. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pharmacol, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Clin Res Inst Montreal, Lab Dev & Differentiat Cardiaques, Montreal, PQ H2W 1R7, Canada. RP Schwartz, RJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Cell Biol, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL049953, P01 HL49953, R01 HL50422] NR 65 TC 240 Z9 245 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0270-7306 J9 MOL CELL BIOL JI Mol. Cell. Biol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 18 IS 6 BP 3405 EP 3415 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA ZN267 UT WOS:000073628800031 PM 9584181 ER PT J AU Filley, CM AF Filley, CM TI The behavioral neurology of cerebral white matter SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review ID PROGRESSIVE MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TOLUENE ABUSE; MRI FINDINGS; DEMENTIA; CONDUCTION; DISORDERS; REMYELINATION; INVOLVEMENT AB Behavioral neurology has primarily focused on brain-behavior relations as revealed by disorders of the cerebral cortex and subcortical gray matter. Disorders of cerebral white matter have received less attention. This article considers the contribution of cerebral white matter to normal behavioral function and the effects of white matter disorders on behavior. Diffuse dysfunction is more common than focal impairment, and the term white matter dementia has been proposed as a clinical entity. Conventional neuroimaging has enabled more accurate identification of white matter regions participating in neurobehavioral operations, and newer imaging techniques may define white matter connectivity within and between the hemispheres. As an essential component of neural networks, cerebral white matter contributes to cognitive and emotional functions, and lesions of white matter disconnect these networks to produce neurobehavioral syndromes. C1 Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Filley, CM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Behav Neurol Sect, UCHSC B-183,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 54 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD JUN PY 1998 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1535 EP 1540 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZU712 UT WOS:000074226700006 PM 9633691 ER PT J AU Haas, LB AF Haas, LB TI Pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus SO NURSE PRACTITIONER FORUM-CURRENT TOPICS AND COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID BETA-CELL; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GLUCOSE TOXICITY AB The most common types of diabetes observed in a primary care practice are type 1,type 2, and gestational diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by total destruction of the pancreatic beta cells, whereas insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and inappropriate hepatic glucose secretion characterize type 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes is similar to type 2 diabetes, but is first diagnosed during pregnancy. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its use. C1 VA Puget Sound HCS, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Haas, LB (reprint author), VA Puget Sound HCS, Seattle Div, 1660 S Columbian Way,118, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1045-5485 J9 NURS PRACT FORUM JI Nurse Pract. Forum-Curr. Top. Commun. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 9 IS 2 BP 42 EP 45 PG 4 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 106JR UT WOS:000075126600004 PM 9752116 ER PT J AU Jainkittivong, A Johnson, DA Yeh, CK AF Jainkittivong, A Johnson, DA Yeh, CK TI The relationship between salivary histatin levels and oral yeast carriage SO ORAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE histatins; Candida; yeast; saliva ID HISTIDINE-RICH-POLYPEPTIDES; HUMAN-PAROTID-SALIVA; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; HIV-1 INFECTION; FLOW-RATE; SECRETION; PROTEINS; VARIANTS AB Candida species are common commensal inhabitants of the oral cavity. Human saliva contains antifungal proteins called histatins. We tested the hypothesis that oral yeast status is related to salivary histatin levels. Thirty subjects were divided into two groups based on the presence (n=15) or absence (n=15) of yeast on oral mucosa surfaces. Unstimulated and stimulated submandibular and sublingual and parotid saliva was collected from each subject. Salivary flow rates were measured and histatin concentrations were determined in the stimulated saliva samples. The yeast colony positive group showed lower median unstimulated parotid saliva flow rates as well as lower median concentrations of total histatins in submandibular and sublingual saliva. There was a negative correlation between yeast colony-forming units and unstimulated parotid saliva flow rates and between yeast colony-forming units and submandibular and sublingual saliva histatin concentration and secretion. The results suggest that oral yeast status may be influenced by unstimulated parotid saliva flow rates and by submandibular and sublingual histatin concentration and secretion. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Oral Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Dent Diagnost Sci, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Community Dent, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Yeh, CK (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE 10756] NR 32 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0902-0055 J9 ORAL MICROBIOL IMMUN JI Oral Microbiol. Immunol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 181 EP 187 DI 10.1111/j.1399-302X.1998.tb00730.x PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Immunology; Microbiology GA ZU722 UT WOS:000074227800007 PM 10093533 ER PT J AU Dray, TG Hillel, AD Miller, RM AF Dray, TG Hillel, AD Miller, RM TI Dysphagia caused by neurologic deficits SO OTOLARYNGOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS; LARYNGEAL NERVE PARALYSIS; BRAIN-STEM STROKE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; MYASTHENIA-GRAVIS; DISORDERS; PHYSIOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; ASPIRATION AB This article provides a brief review of the neurophysiology behind the normal swallow. The examination and work-up of a patient with dysphagia is then detailed. Finally, the major neurologic conditions associated with dysphagia are considered. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Miller, RM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Speech Pathol & Audiol, 1660 Columbia Way S, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 62 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0030-6665 J9 OTOLARYNG CLIN N AM JI Otolaryngol. Clin. N. Am. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 31 IS 3 BP 507 EP + DI 10.1016/S0030-6665(05)70067-0 PG 19 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA ZZ594 UT WOS:000074745800009 PM 9628947 ER PT J AU Harmar, AJ Arimura, A Gozes, I Journot, L Laburthe, M Pisegna, JR Rawlings, SR Robberecht, P Said, SI Sreedharan, SP Wank, SA Waschek, JA AF Harmar, AJ Arimura, A Gozes, I Journot, L Laburthe, M Pisegna, JR Rawlings, SR Robberecht, P Said, SI Sreedharan, SP Wank, SA Waschek, JA TI International Union of Pharmacology. XVIII. Nomenclature of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide SO PHARMACOLOGICAL REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID DIFFERENTIAL SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; PACAP RECEPTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; SPLICE VARIANTS; BINDING-SITES; VIP RECEPTOR; RAT-BRAIN C1 Royal Edinburgh & Associated Hosp, MRC, Brain Metab Unit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. Tulane Univ, Med Ctr, US Japan Biomed Res Labs, Belle Chasse, LA USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Dept Clin Biochem, Ramat Aviv, Israel. CCIPE, CNRS, UPR 9023, F-34094 Montpellier, France. Univ Paris 07, INSERM, U410, Paris, France. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, UCAL DDRC, CURE VA, Los Angeles, CA USA. Life Sci Resources, Cambridge, England. Free Univ Brussels, Lab Chim Biol & Nutr, Brussels, Belgium. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Allergy & Immunol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Mental Retardat Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NIDDK, Digest Dis Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Univ Edinburgh, Dept Pharmacol, MRC, Brain Metab Unit, 1 George Sq, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Midlothian, Scotland. EM Tony.Harmar@ed.ac.uk RI LABURTHE, Marc/C-1875-2012 OI Harmar, Anthony/0000-0002-3838-9264 NR 82 TC 613 Z9 630 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0031-6997 EI 1521-0081 J9 PHARMACOL REV JI Pharmacol. Rev. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 50 IS 2 BP 265 EP 270 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZW733 UT WOS:000074442300003 PM 9647867 ER PT J AU Curry, MA Burton, D Fields, J AF Curry, MA Burton, D Fields, J TI The prenatal psychosocial profile: A research and clinical tool SO RESEARCH IN NURSING & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE psychosocial; pregnancy; psychometrics ID SOCIAL SUPPORT; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; MATERNAL STRESS; BIRTH OUTCOMES; WOMEN; WEIGHT AB This report summarizes five studies of culturally diverse women who were administered the Prenatal Psychosocial Profile (PPP). These data from 3,444 rural and urban women of all childbearing ages support the validity and reliability of the PPP as a measure of stress, support from partner, and support from others. The self-esteem scale is a valid and reliable measure for Caucasian and African American women. However, the cultural appropriateness of the self-esteem scale for Native American women is questionable, and it is neither valid nor culturally appropriate for traditional Hispanic women. The mean scores for stress, partner support, and other support were similar for all groups except for scales expected to differ by sample groups. Thus, suggested cutoff scores should be useful for screening purposes. The PPP provides a brief, yet comprehensive profile that is accepted by participants and useful to researchers and clinicians. (C) 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Nursing, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Curry, MA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sch Nursing, 3181 Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. FU NINR NIH HHS [R01-NR02696-04, R01-NR02410-01]; PHS HHS [NIH 02686-01] NR 23 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0160-6891 J9 RES NURS HEALTH JI Res. Nurs. Health PD JUN PY 1998 VL 21 IS 3 BP 211 EP 219 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-240X(199806)21:3<211::AID-NUR4>3.0.CO;2-K PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA ZP766 UT WOS:000073786300004 PM 9609506 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR AF Graybill, JR TI Itraconazole: Managing mycotic complications in immunocompromised patients SO SEMINARS IN ONCOLOGY LA English DT Review ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; MULTIPLE-DOSE PHARMACOKINETICS; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; ORAL SOLUTION; FLUCONAZOLE; THERAPY; HISTOPLASMOSIS C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Vet Hosp, Infect Dis Sect 111F, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Vet Hosp, Infect Dis Sect 111F, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 54 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0093-7754 J9 SEMIN ONCOL JI Semin. Oncol. PD JUN PY 1998 VL 25 IS 3 SU 7 BP 58 EP 63 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ZZ831 UT WOS:000074771500013 PM 9671333 ER PT J AU Tan, G Monga, U Thornby, J Monga, T AF Tan, G Monga, U Thornby, J Monga, T TI Sexual functioning, age, and depression revisited SO SEXUALITY AND DISABILITY LA English DT Article ID PARKINSONS-DISEASE; DYSFUNCTION; IMPOTENCE; CANCER; MEN C1 VA Med Ctr, Radiotherapy Serv, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Houston, TX USA. VA Med Ctr, Psychol Serv, Houston, TX USA. RP Tan, G (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116B, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU HUMAN SCI PRESS INC PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0146-1044 J9 SEX DISABIL JI Sex. Disabil. PD SUM PY 1998 VL 16 IS 2 BP 77 EP 86 DI 10.1023/A:1023023924804 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA ZV979 UT WOS:000074361500002 ER PT J AU Mahmarian, JJ Moye, LA Chinoy, DA Sequeira, RF Habib, GB Henry, WJ Jain, A Chaitman, BR Weng, CSW Morales-Ballejo, H Pratt, CM AF Mahmarian, JJ Moye, LA Chinoy, DA Sequeira, RF Habib, GB Henry, WJ Jain, A Chaitman, BR Weng, CSW Morales-Ballejo, H Pratt, CM TI Transdermal nitroglycerin patch therapy improves left ventricular function and prevents remodeling after acute myocardial infarction - Results of a multicenter prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 69th Annual Meeting of the American-Heart-Association CY NOV 09-18, 1996 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Heart Assoc, Natl Inst Alcohol Abuse & Alcoholism DE remodeling; myocardial infarction; nitroglycerin ID INTRAVENOUS NITROGLYCERIN; RADIONUCLIDE ANGIOGRAPHY; SIZE; CAPTOPRIL; DYSFUNCTION; EXPANSION; DILATION; ENLARGEMENT; TOPOGRAPHY; SURVIVAL AB Background-Nitrates are widely used in the treatment of angina in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Short-term administration prevents left ventricular (LV) dilation and infarct expansion. However, little information is available regarding their long-term effects on LV remodeling in patients surviving Q-wave AMI. Methods and Results-This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial designed to investigate the long-term (6-month) efficacy of intermittent transdermal nitroglycerin (NTG) patches on LV remodeling in 291 survivors of AMI. Patients meeting entry criteria had baseline gated radionuclide angiography (RNA) followed by randomization to placebo or active NTG patches delivering 0.4-, 0.8-, or 1.6-mg/h, RNA was repeated at 6 months and 6.5 days after withdrawal of double-blind medication. The primary study end point was the change in end-systolic volume index (ESVI), Both ESVI and end-diastolic volume index (EDVI) were significantly reduced with 0.4-mg/h NTG patches (-11.4 and -11.6 mL/m(2), respectively, P<.03). This beneficial effect was observed primarily in patients with a baseline LV ejection fraction less than or equal to 40% (Delta ESVI, -31 mL/m(2); Delta EDVI, -33 mL/m(2); both P<.05) and only at the 0.4-mg/h dose. After NTG patch withdrawal, ESVI significantly increased but did not reach pretreatment values. Conclusions-Transdermal NTG patches prevent LV dilation in patients surviving AMI, The beneficial effects are limited to patients with depressed LV function and only at the lowest (0.4-mg/h) dose. Continued administration is necessary to maintain efficacy. Whether these remodeling effects confer a clinical or survival advantage will need to be addressed in an adequately powered cardiac event trial. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Ctr Controlled Clin Trials, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. Cardiovasc Clin, Jacksonville, FL USA. Univ Miami, Jackson Mem Hosp, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Vet Adm Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Schering Plough Corp, Kenilworth, NJ 07033 USA. Schering Plough Res Inst, Kenilworth, NJ USA. RP Mahmarian, JJ (reprint author), 6550 Fannin St,SM-1246, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM johnj@bcm.tmc.edu NR 31 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAY 26 PY 1998 VL 97 IS 20 BP 2017 EP 2024 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZP475 UT WOS:000073757200005 PM 9610531 ER PT J AU Kee, KS Kern, RS Marshall, BD Green, MF AF Kee, KS Kern, RS Marshall, BD Green, MF TI Risperidone versus haloperidol for perception of emotion in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: preliminary findings SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE risperidone; haloperidol; emotion perception; schizophrenia ID GENERALIZED POOR PERFORMANCE; SOCIAL SKILL; RECOGNITION; DISORDERS AB Currently, little is known about the pharmacological effects of the new generation of antipsychotic medications on perception of emotion in schizophrenia. The present study was designed to compare the effects of risperidone versus haloperidol on the ability to perceive emotion in 20 treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients, using a double-blind design. Measures of emotion perception included a facial emotion identification test (still photographs presented on videotape), a voice emotion identification test (audiotape), and an affect perception lest (brief interpersonal vignettes presented on videotape). These measures were administered during the final week of baseline and after 8 weeks of double-blind medication. Risperidone treatment produced a greater effect cn patients' ability to perceive emotion compared with haloperidol treatment. Additionally, all patients who received risperidone demonstrated improvement in performance between baseline and retest, compared with four of the nine patients who received haloperidol. When changes in positive symptoms were statistically controlled, the results remained significant. These findings suggest that risperidone may facilitate patients' ability to accurately perceive emotion, an effect which may be mediated either directly by risperidone's pharmacological action or perhaps indirectly by its influence on basic neurocognition. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Camarillo State Hosp & Dev Ctr, Camarillo, CA USA. RP Kee, KS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,116AR,Bldg 208, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM kee@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-14584] NR 24 TC 76 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAY 25 PY 1998 VL 31 IS 2-3 BP 159 EP 165 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00026-7 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA ZX838 UT WOS:000074560500010 PM 9689720 ER PT J AU Deboer, T Sanford, LD Ross, RJ Morrison, AR AF Deboer, T Sanford, LD Ross, RJ Morrison, AR TI Effects of electrical stimulation in the amygdala on ponto-geniculo-occipital waves in rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE amygdala; electrical stimulation; PGO wave; rapid-eye-movement sleep; sleep ID SINGLE-UNIT-ACTIVITY; SLEEP-WAKING CYCLE; LOCUS COERULEUS; BEHAVING RATS; PGO SPIKES; ALBINO-RAT; NEURONS; AROUSAL; CATS; NUCLEUS AB We examined the role of the amygdala in the modulation of sleep and ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) waves in the rat. The amygdala projects massively, via its central nucleus, into brainstem regions involved in alerting and in the generation of rapid-eye movement (REM) sleep and PGO waves. Electrical stimulation of the central nucleus of the amygdala during REM sleep increased PGO wave amplitude. Stimulation during non-REM sleep decreased PGO wave frequency. The results indicate that the amygdala has a role in modulating brainstem neural mechanisms underlying alerting during sleep. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Lab Study Brain Sleep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Sanford, LD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Lab Study Brain Sleep, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42903]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS35281] NR 39 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD MAY 18 PY 1998 VL 793 IS 1-2 BP 305 EP 310 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00178-4 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZX807 UT WOS:000074557400034 PM 9630691 ER PT J AU Stadius, ML Lehmann, KG AF Stadius, ML Lehmann, KG TI Structural constriction of the artery wall contributes to stenosis severity in unstable angina SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY; WOUND CONTRACTION; DISEASE AB Eight consecutive patients with unstable angina underwent intravascular ultrasound imaging of the culprit artery with measurements recorded at the stenosis and at an adjacent reference site. In all patients, total artery cross-sectional area was smaller at the stenosis site than at the reference site, indicating that a structural change in the artery wall due to a constrictive process appears to contribute to the worsening of stenosis severity associated with unstable angina. C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Stadius, ML (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 81 IS 10 BP 1196 EP + DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00088-5 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZN230 UT WOS:000073622900005 PM 9604944 ER PT J AU Donnelly, WJ AF Donnelly, WJ TI The language of case histories - Response SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Donnelly, WJ (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Roosevelt Rd & 5th Ave, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 128 IS 10 BP 877 EP 878 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM889 UT WOS:000073586500032 ER PT J AU Shimizu, Y Ogawa, M Kobayashi, M Almeida-Porada, G Zanjani, ED AF Shimizu, Y Ogawa, M Kobayashi, M Almeida-Porada, G Zanjani, ED TI Engraftment of cultured human hematopoietic cells in sheep SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID EX-VIVO EXPANSION; MURINE MARROW-CELLS; STEM-CELLS; PROGENITOR CELLS; EXVIVO EXPANSION; TRANSPLANTATION; MAINTENANCE; ABILITY; IL-3; ERYTHROPOIETIN AB In an effort to expand human hematopoietic progenitors and stem cells in vitro, we cultured human CD34(+)c-kit(low) bone marrow cells in suspension in the presence of KIT ligand, FLK2/FLT3 ligand, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and erythropoietin with or without IL-3 and tested their engrafting capabilities by injecting them into sheep fetuses. As markers for engraftment, we analyzed CD45(+) cells and karyotypes of the colonies grown in methylcellulose culture. In three separate experiments, day-60 engraftment in the bone marrow was seen with both fresh cells and cells cultured in the presence or absence of IL-3. When fetuses were allowed to be born and analyzed for CD45(+) cells, no long-term engraftment was seen with cultured cells. We then pooled the CD45(+) cells of the fetal samples and transplanted them into secondary recipient fetuses. Day-60 engraftment in the secondary recipients was again noted when transplantation in the primary recipients was initiated with fresh cells. There were 3 cases in which cultured cells showed signs of engraftment in the secondary recipients, but the remaining 24 cases showed no signs of engraftment. These data documented that suspension culture for 2 weeks of enriched adult human bone marrow cells can maintain short-term (2 months) engrafting cells, but may not maintain longer term engrafting cells. This sheep/human xenograft model may serve as an excellent method for the evaluation of the engraftment potential of in vitro-expanded cells. (C) 1998 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Reno, NV USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Hosp, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 48714]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 32294, DK 48714] NR 28 TC 44 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 91 IS 10 BP 3688 EP 3692 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA ZM210 UT WOS:000073515700018 PM 9573005 ER PT J AU Brandon, EP Logue, SF Adams, MR Qi, M Sullivan, SP Matsumoto, AM Dorsa, DM Wehner, JM McKnight, GS Idzerda, RL AF Brandon, EP Logue, SF Adams, MR Qi, M Sullivan, SP Matsumoto, AM Dorsa, DM Wehner, JM McKnight, GS Idzerda, RL TI Defective motor behavior and neural gene expression in RII beta protein kinase A mutant mice SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cAMP-dependent protein kinase; PKA; knockout; mouse; striatum; dopamine; amphetamine; locomotion; rotarod; sensitization; fos; dynorphin ID RAT STRIATAL NEURONS; REGULATORY SUBUNIT; MESSENGER-RNA; NUCLEUS-ACCUMBENS; BASAL GANGLIA; C-FOS; TARGETED DISRUPTION; DOPAMINE-RECEPTORS; PRODYNORPHIN GENE; AGED RATS AB Motor behavior is modulated by dopamine-responsive neurons in the striatum, where dopaminergic signaling uses G-protein-coupled pathways, including those that result in the activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). The RII beta isoform of PKA is highly enriched in the striatum, and targeted disruption of the RII beta gene in mice leads to a dramatic reduction in total PKA activity in this region. Although the mutant mice show typical locomotor responses after acute administration of dopaminergic drugs, they display abnormalities in two experience-dependent locomotor behaviors: training on the rotarod task and locomotor sensitization to amphetamine. In addition, amphetamine induction of fos is absent, and the basal expression of dynorphin mRNA is reduced in the striatum. These results demonstrate that motor learning and the regulation of neuronal gene expression require RII beta PKA, whereas the acute locomotor effects of dopaminergic drugs are relatively unaffected by this PKA deficiency. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Colorado, Inst Behav Genet, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Box 356650, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-00141]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA-10156]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-07108] NR 74 TC 107 Z9 107 U1 3 U2 7 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 18 IS 10 BP 3639 EP 3649 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZL895 UT WOS:000073484300016 PM 9570795 ER PT J AU Li, N Oberley, TD Oberley, LW Zhong, WX AF Li, N Oberley, TD Oberley, LW Zhong, WX TI Overexpression of manganese superoxide dismutase in DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells has multiple effects on cell phenotype SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE reactive oxygen species; mitochondria; redox ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; CU,ZN-SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; PARAQUAT RESISTANCE; HAMSTER-KIDNEY; FREE-RADICALS; RAT-LIVER; EXPRESSION; RADIATION; GROWTH AB BACKGROUND. Recent studies suggest that the gene for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a candidate turner-suppressor gene. The present study was designed to study the effect of overexpression of MnSOD on cultured human prostate carcinoma cells. METHODS. DU145 human prostate carcinoma cells were transfected with the cDNA for manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and two clones overexpressing MnSOD activity were subsequently characterized by comparison with parental and plasmid control-transfected cells. RESULTS. One clone overexpressing MnSOD had no change in other antioxidant enzymes (AEs) (nonadapted), while a second clone showed an increase in catalase activity (adapted). Sensitivity of parental, plasmid control-transfected, and MnSOD cDNA-transfected cells to agents that generate oxidative stress correlated with AE profiles. Both clones overexpressing MnSOD activity showed increased reactive oxygen species levels under basal cell culture conditions. Both clones overexpressing MnSOD activity showed inhibition of cell growth in vitro and in vivo compared with parental and plasmid control-transfected cells. Flow cytometry studies using mitochondrial-specific probes showed equal mitochondrial mass in all cell lines, but altered mitochondrial membrane potential in MnSOD-overexpressing clones compared with parental or plasmid control-transfected cells. CONCLUSIONS. Our results suggest novel mechanisms by which MnSOD overexpression may modulate the malignant phenotype, with potential applications in developing new therapies for prostate cancer. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Iowa, Radiat Res Lab, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Oberley, TD (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol & Lab Med Serv, Room A35,2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 41267] NR 50 TC 124 Z9 127 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 35 IS 3 BP 221 EP 233 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0045(19980515)35:3<221::AID-PROS8>3.0.CO;2-J PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA ZL815 UT WOS:000073474300008 PM 9582091 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Gretch, DR Oehlke, M Flora, KD Benner, KG Rabkin, JM Corless, CL AF Rosen, HR Gretch, DR Oehlke, M Flora, KD Benner, KG Rabkin, JM Corless, CL TI Timing and severity of initial hepatitis C recurrence as predictors of long-term liver allograft injury SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 08-15, 1996 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis ID VIRUS-INFECTION; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; MAJOR GENOTYPES; CLASSIFICATION; QUANTITATION; FEATURES; SUBTYPES; REGION AB Background. The majority of patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) undergoing liver transplantation develop evidence of histologic recurrence, and multiple mechanisms are likely poised to affect long-term allograft injury, The purpose of this analysis was to study the hypothesis that histologic and biochemical features at the onset of HCV recurrence predict the long-term evolution of allograft hepatitis. Methods. We studied 34 consecutive liver transplant recipients with evidence of histologic HCV recurrence and with a minimal histologic follow-up of 1 year (up to 6.2 years; mean: 696+/-83.2 days), Two-hundred and seventy-eight serial allograft biopsies (mean: 6.85+/-0.62 per patient, range: 4-21) were analyzed. The hepatic activity index was utilized to quantitate piecemeal necrosis, intralobular degeneration, portal inflammation, and hepatic fibrosis, The presence of hepatocyte ballooning degeneration and cholestasis was also assessed. Results, Although there was no significant difference with regard to initial hepatic activity index scores between patients who ultimately developed allograft cirrhosis (group 1; n=8) versus those with milder hepatitis (group 2; n=26), the finding of ballooning degeneration/cholestasis was more frequent in the former group (P=0.04), The distribution of HCV genotypes, the mean follow-up after orthotopic liver transplantation, the mean number of allograft biopsy specimens per patient, basal immunosuppression, and incidence of rejection were comparable in both groups, Patients who ultimately developed allograft cirrhosis had significantly higher initial total bilirubin at the onset of histologic recurrence and peak total bilirubin (pT.Bili, the highest value in the ensuing month). Actuarial rates of moderate-to-severe allograft hepatitis were significantly greater in patients with pT.Bili greater than or equal to 3.5 mg/dl (p=0.004). Multiple regression analysis identified pT.Bili as the only independent predictor of allograft cirrhosis. Conclusions. Features at the onset of histologic HCV recurrence predict the natural history of allograft injury; specifically, marked, transient hyperbilirubinemia is associ ated with the subsequent development of allograft cirrhosis. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Univ Washington, Div Virol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Dept Med, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034,111-A, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 20 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAY 15 PY 1998 VL 65 IS 9 BP 1178 EP 1182 DI 10.1097/00007890-199805150-00006 PG 5 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA ZN734 UT WOS:000073676600006 PM 9603164 ER PT J AU Rojas, DC Walker, JR Sheeder, JL Teale, PD Reite, ML AF Rojas, DC Walker, JR Sheeder, JL Teale, PD Reite, ML TI Developmental changes in refractoriness of the neuromagnetic M100 in children SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE auditory evoked fields; children; development; magnetoencephalography (MEG); neuromagnetism; N100m ID EVOKED MAGNETIC-FIELDS; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; POTENTIALS; CORTEX; MEMORY; COMPONENT; SPEECH AB CONSIDERABLE evidence exists for developmental changes in latency and amplitude of the auditory evoked potential termed N100. However, it is widely recognized that the N100 wave comprises multiple, temporally overlapping neural generators, and few data are available addressing either individual generator development or mechanisms behind such change. Using magnetoencelphalographic (MEG) measurements of the magnetic analog of the N100 termed the M100, which derives primarily from supra-temporal auditory generators, it is demonstrated here that changes in the response of that waveform to manipulation of interstimulus interval (ISI) occur between the ages of 6 and 18 years of age. (C) 1998 Rapid Science Ltd. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Neuromagnetism Lab, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Rojas, DC (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Neuromagnetism Lab, Box C268-68,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Rojas, Don/F-4296-2012 OI Rojas, Don/0000-0001-6560-9616; Sheeder, Jeanelle/0000-0002-4463-3569 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH15442, MH47476, MH56601] NR 25 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD MAY 11 PY 1998 VL 9 IS 7 BP 1543 EP 1547 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZR650 UT WOS:000074000000057 PM 9631464 ER PT J AU Adcock, DM Kressin, DC Marlar, RA AF Adcock, DM Kressin, DC Marlar, RA TI Minimum specimen volume requirements for routine coagulation testing - Dependence on citrate concentration SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE coagulation testing; prothrombin time [PT]; activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT]; sample volume; sodium citrate concentration AB We evaluated the effect of sample volume and citrate concentration on results of routine coagulation assays (prothrombin time [PT] and activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT]). The study was performed on samples obtained from healthy persons and patients receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. Standard evacuated tubes (3.2% and 3.8% sodium citrate) were filled to varying total sample volumes ranging from 3.0 to 5.0 mL, and results of routine coagulation tests were compared. Underfilling may significantly affect the APTT and PT resulting in artifactual prolongation of results. This effect is most pronounced in samples drawn into 3.8% citrate. By using 3.8% citrate, there is a statistically significant difference in the results of PT assays in the samples less than 80% filled compared with those that are 100% filled. For APTT assays performed on samples drawn into 3.8% citrate, a statistical difference occurred at less than 90% filled. This effect was less pronounced when samples were drawn into 3.2% sodium citrate. Ve found no statistically significant difference in PT results from a 3.2% citrate tube between fill volumes of 60% and 100% and none for APTT results between fill volumes of 70% and 100%. This study further supports the recommendation to use 3.2% sodium citrate concentration, because 60% of the optimum filled volume for PT and 70% of the optimum filled volume for APTT are acceptable. C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Pathol & Lab Med, Lab Serv 113, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Marlar, RA (reprint author), Denver VA Med Ctr, Pathol & Lab Med, Lab Serv 113, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 7 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC CLIN PATHOLOGISTS PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 109 IS 5 BP 595 EP 599 PG 5 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA ZK068 UT WOS:000073281700016 PM 9576579 ER PT J AU Dasani, BM Sigal, SH Lieber, CS AF Dasani, BM Sigal, SH Lieber, CS TI Analysis of risk factors for chronic hepatic encephalopathy: The role of Helicobacter pylori infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PORTAL-SYSTEMIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; CONTROLLED TRIAL; BREATH TEST; AMMONIA; UREA; CIRRHOSIS; HYPERAMMONEMIA; LACTULOSE; NEOMYCIN; PREVALENCE AB Objective: Elevated blood ammonia is an important pathogenic factor of hepatic encephalopathy. Although colonic bacteria are considered the main source of ammonia, the stomach in subjects with urease-producing Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an alternative site. The objective of this study was to determine whether H. pylori is associated with this complication. Methods: After assessing liver function and portal hypertension, 55 cirrhotics were evaluated for encephalopathy and H. pylori infection. Response to 2 weeks of amoxicillin (2 g/day) and omeprazole (40 mg/day) was then assessed in 17 (13 H. pylori-positive, four H. pylori-negative) encephalopathic subjects. Results: H. pylori infection was more common (67% vs 33%, p = 0.004) among encephalopathic patients. Additional factors associated with encephalopathy included older age (60.1 +/- 1.5 vs 49.8 +/- 2.4 yr, p = 0.001), lower albumin (3.17 +/- 0.08 vs 3.69 +/- 0.12 g/dl, p = 0.001), higher total bilirubin (2.24 +/- 0.20 vs 1.53 +/- 0.23 mg/dl, p = 0.034), greater ascites score (0.8 +/- 0.1 vs 0.3 +/- 0.1, p = 0.01), greater diuretic score (1.1 +/- 0.1 vs 0.3 +/- 0.1, p = 0.002), and greater modified Child score (6.7 +/- 0.3 vs 5.1 +/- 0.3, p = 0.001), When adjusted for severity of cirrhosis and age, H. pylori continued to demonstrate a statistical association (p = 0.039), After anti-H. pylori therapy, symptomatology in infected encephalopathic patients appeared to improve, whereas noninfected subjects were unaffected. Conclusion: in cirrhotic patients, H. pylori infection is associated with hepatic encephalopathy, especially in younger patients with decompensated liver disease. (C) 1998 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mt Sinai Sch Med, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mt Sinai Sch Med, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA07275, AA03508] NR 47 TC 37 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 93 IS 5 BP 726 EP 731 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZR482 UT WOS:000073981400012 PM 9625117 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Corless, CL Orloff, SL Benner, KG Flora, KD Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM Corless, CL Orloff, SL Benner, KG Flora, KD Rosen, HR Olyaei, AJ TI Liver transplantation for disulfiram-induced hepatic failure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALCOHOL; DISEASE AB Fulminant hepatitis is a rare but potentially fatal adverse reaction that may occur after the use of disulfiram, A patient without a known history of liver disease was transplanted for fulminant hepatic failure secondary to disulfiram. A high index of suspicion and aggressive therapeutic approaches are essential for the prompt diagnosis and treatment of disulfiram-induced hepatic failure. The clinical presentation, histopathology, treatment, and all cases of disulfiram-induced hepatic failure reported in the English Literature are reviewed. The role of orthotopic li cer transplantation in a case of disulfiram-induced hepatic failure is discussed. (C) 1998 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 93 IS 5 BP 830 EP 831 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZR482 UT WOS:000073981400033 PM 9625138 ER PT J AU Martinez, V Barquist, E Rivier, J Tache, Y AF Martinez, V Barquist, E Rivier, J Tache, Y TI Central CRF inhibits gastric emptying of a nutrient solid meal in rats: the role of CRF(2) receptors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corticotropin-releasing factor; sauvagine; urotensin I; astressin; NBI-27914; CRF-(6-33); CRF antagonists; brain ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; UROTENSIN-I; STRESS; SAUVAGINE; ANTAGONISTS; RESPONSES; BRAIN; CONTRACTILITY; EXPRESSION; TRANSIT AB Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)-related peptides exhibit different affinity for the receptor subtypes 1 and 2 cloned in the rat brain. We investigated, in conscious rats, the effects of intracisternal (IC) injection of CRF (rat/human) on the 5-h rate of gastric emptying of a solid nutrient meal (Purina chow and water ad libitum for 3 h) and the CRF receptor subtype involved. CRF, urotensin I (suckerfish), and sauvagine (frog) injected IC inhibited gastric emptying in a dose-dependent manner, with ED(50) values of 0.31, 0.13, and 0.08 mu g/rat, respectively. Rat CRF-(6-33) (0.1-10 mu g ic) had no effect. The nonselective CRF(1) and CRF(2) receptor antagonist, astressin, injected IC completely blocked the inhibitory effect of IC CRF, urotensin I, and sauvagine with antagonist-to-agonist ratios of 3:1, 10:1, and 16:1, respectively. The CRF(1)-selective receptor antagonist NBI-27914 injected IC at a ratio of 170:1 had no effect. These data show that central CRF and CRF-related peptides are potent inhibitors of gastric emptying of a solid meal with a rank order of potency characteristic of the CRF(2) receptor subtype affinity (sauvagine > urotensin I > CRF). In addition, the reversal by astressin but not by the CRF(1)-selective receptor antagonist further supports the view that the CRF(2) receptor subtype is primarily involved in central CRF-induced delayed gastric emptying. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Salk Inst Biol Studies, Clayton Fdn Labs Peptide Biol, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Surg, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26741, DK-33061]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 39 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 274 IS 5 BP G965 EP G970 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA ZM420 UT WOS:000073538300024 PM 9612279 ER PT J AU Thompson, JT Rackley, MS O'Brien, TX AF Thompson, JT Rackley, MS O'Brien, TX TI Upregulation of the cardiac homeobox gene Nkx2-5 (CSX) in feline right ventricular pressure overload SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cardiac hypertrophy; pulmonary artery banding ID SERUM RESPONSE FACTOR; ALPHA-ACTIN GENE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TINMAN HOMOLOG; MESSENGER-RNAS; HYPERTROPHY; HEART; NKX-2.5; DROSOPHILA AB The recent characterization of the cardiac-specific homeobox gene Nkx2-5 (or CSX) and its detection in normal adult heart tissue raises the possibility of a role in adult hypertrophy. Using pressure overload as a primary stimulus, we used a feline pulmonary artery banding model to produce right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Total RNA was hybridized to a full-length murine Nkx2-5 cDNA probe that contained the NK family homeodomain. Nkx2-5 mRNA levels increased 5.1-fold (P < 0.05) and 3.9-fold vs. the corresponding left ventricles at 2 and 7 days of RVH, respectively, during the period of maximal myocardial growth. By 2 wk, when the RVH response had been completed, Nkx2-5 mRNA levels were returning toward baseline. Hybridization with an Nks2-5 probe not containing the NK homologous homeodomain demonstrated that upregulation was specific for the Nks2-5 gene. Atrial natriuretic factor and alpha-cardiac actin, both activated in part by Nkx2-5 DNA binding elements, also increased with RVH. These data suggest that a cardiac homeobox gene may play a role in the induction of adult cardiac hypertrophy. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP O'Brien, TX (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, 816 CSB,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32-HL-07260-19, HL-55284] NR 32 TC 42 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 274 IS 5 BP H1569 EP H1573 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA ZM195 UT WOS:000073514200021 PM 9612365 ER PT J AU Rabkin, JM Orloff, SL Corless, CL Benner, KG Flora, KD Rosen, HR Keller, FS Barton, RE Lakin, PC Petersen, BD Saxon, RR Olyaei, AJ AF Rabkin, JM Orloff, SL Corless, CL Benner, KG Flora, KD Rosen, HR Keller, FS Barton, RE Lakin, PC Petersen, BD Saxon, RR Olyaei, AJ TI Hepatic allograft abscess with hepatic arterial thrombosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT North-Pacific-Surgical-Association 84th Annual Meeting CY NOV 14-15, 1997 CL PORTLAND, OREGON SP N Pacific Surg Assoc ID ORTHOTOPIC LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; EXPERIENCE AB BACKGROUND: Intrahepatic abscess (IA) is an uncommon complication after liver transplantation (OLTx) usually found in the setting of hepatic arterial thrombosis (HAT) often with associated biliary tree necrosis and/or stricture. Conventional treatment of IA in this setting has required retransplantation. METHODS: A retrospective review of 274 patients (287 OLTx) from September 1991 through September 1996 was performed. Median follow-up was 3.6 years. Diagnosis of HAT was confirmed by arteriography and IA was documented by computerized tomography. Percutaneous drainage of the abscess and stenting of biliary strictures, if present, was achieved using conventional interventional radiology techniques. RESULTS: The diagnosis of hepatic artery complication was made in 14 patients (5.1%), 2 of whom required retransplantation. Hepatic artery thrombosis associated with solitary IA was found in 3 patients (1%) who were transplanted in our center and in 1 additional patient followed up at our center but transplanted elsewhere. All 4 patients had complete resolution of IA using this approach. Three of the 4 patients are alive and well, with the fourth patient succumbing to recurrent hepatitis B infection resulting in allograft failure. CONCLUSIONS: Solitary hepatic allograft abscesses associated with HAT respond to percutaneous drainage and antibiotics, obviating the need for retransplantation in this setting. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Liver Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Radiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Rabkin, JM (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Sect Liver Pancreas Transplantat, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,L590, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 34 TC 27 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 175 IS 5 BP 354 EP 359 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00051-8 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZM410 UT WOS:000073537000003 PM 9600276 ER PT J AU Robertson, D DesJardin, JA Lichtenstein, MJ AF Robertson, D DesJardin, JA Lichtenstein, MJ TI Distribution and observed associations of orthostatic blood pressure changes in elderly general medicine outpatients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF THE MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE blood pressure; heart failure; autonomic; hypotension; syncope ID POSTURAL HYPOTENSION; PREVALENCE; QUESTIONNAIRE; HYPERTENSION; HEALTH; SYSTEM; FALLS; AGE AB Factors associated with orthostatic blood pressure change in elderly outpatients were determined by surveying 398 medical clinical outpatients aged 65 years and older. Blood pressure was measured with random-zero sphygmomanometers after patients were 5 minutes in a supine and 5 minutes in a standing position. Orthostatic blood pressure changes were at normally distributed levels with systolic and diastolic pressures dropping an average of 4 mm Hg (standard deviation [SD] = 15 mm Hg) and 2 mm Hg (SD = 11 mm Hg), respectively. Orthostatic blood pressure changes were unassociated with age, race, sex, body mass, time since eating, symptoms, or other factors. According to multiple linear regression analysis, supine systolic pressure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and diabetes mellitus were associated with a decrease in systolic pressure on standing. Hypertension, antiarthritic drugs, and abnormal heartbeat were associated with an increase in systolic pressure on standing. For orthostatic diastolic pressure changes, supine diastolic pressure and COPD were associated with a decrease in diastolic pressure on standing. Congestive heart failure was associated with an increase in standing diastolic pressure. Using logistic regression analysis, only supine systolic pressure was associated with a greater than 20-mm Hg drop in systolic pressure (n = 53, prevalence = 13%). Supine diastolic pressure and COPD mere the only variables associated with a greater than 20-mm Hg drop in diastolic pressure (n = 16, prevalence = 4%). These factors may help physicians in identifying older persons at risk for having orthostatic hypotension. C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Auton Dysfunct Ctr, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Robertson, D (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Auton Dysfunct Ctr, AA-3228 Med Ctr N, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00095]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL56373]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS33460] NR 45 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-9629 J9 AM J MED SCI JI Am. J. Med. Sci. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 315 IS 5 BP 287 EP 295 DI 10.1097/00000441-199805000-00001 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZK781 UT WOS:000073362900001 PM 9587084 ER PT J AU Ramsey, MA Bradley, SF Kauffman, CA Morton, TM Patterson, JE Reagan, DR AF Ramsey, MA Bradley, SF Kauffman, CA Morton, TM Patterson, JE Reagan, DR TI Characterization of mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from different geographic areas SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter ID GENE C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Geriatr Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. Eastern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 USA. Univ Texas, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Audie Murphy Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. E Tennessee State Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. James H Quillen Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Johnson City, TN USA. RP Ramsey, MA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Geriatr Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1305 EP 1305 PG 1 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZL001 UT WOS:000073388900061 PM 9593176 ER PT J AU Macones, GA Bader, TJ Asch, DA AF Macones, GA Bader, TJ Asch, DA TI Optimising maternal-fetal outcomes in preterm labour: a decision analysis SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BETA-MIMETIC AGENT; PREMATURE LABOR; MAGNESIUM-SULFATE; RITODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; BIRTH-WEIGHT; EXPECTANT MANAGEMENT; INTACT MEMBRANES; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; GESTATIONAL-AGE AB Objective To compare, using decision analytic techniques, maternal and fetal risk and benefits of three strategies for the management of preterm labour after 32 weeks. These strategies are empiric tocolysis, no tocolysis, or amniocentesis for fetal maturity testing. Data Sources Published medical literature provided the probabilities, including those for tocolysis efficacy, maternal and neonatal outcomes, and, steroid efficacy. Data Synthesis Separate decision trees were created for hypothetical cohorts of patients presenting with preterm labour at 32, 34, and 36 weeks of gestation to compare strategies. The primary outcome was the total number of expected adverse maternal and neonatal events for each strategy at each gestational age. Results At 32 weeks tocolysis yielded the lowest total number of adverse maternal and neonatal events. At 34 weeks, both tocolysis and no tocolysis yielded similar overall outcomes. At 36 weeks most clinical outcomes were good regardless of strategy. Conclusions This analysis supports the empiric use of tocolytics at 32 weeks. At 34 weeks, either tocolysis or no tocolysis appear to be reasonable alternatives. At 36 weeks no tocolysis is probably preferred. This analysis also suggests that amniocentesis should not be employed in the management of preterm labour at these gestational ages. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynaecol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Macones, GA (reprint author), Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, 901 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0306-5456 J9 BRIT J OBSTET GYNAEC JI Br. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 105 IS 5 BP 541 EP 550 DI 10.1111/j.1471-0528.1998.tb10156.x PG 10 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA ZV636 UT WOS:000074325700013 PM 9637125 ER PT J AU Mukai, H Fitzgibbon, WR Ploth, DW Margolius, HS AF Mukai, H Fitzgibbon, WR Ploth, DW Margolius, HS TI Effect of chronic bradykinin B-2 receptor blockade on blood pressure of conscious Dahl salt-resistant rats SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anaesthesia; blood pressure; bradykinin; Hoe 140; kinin antagonist; renal function; salt resistance ID RENAL-FUNCTION; ANGIOTENSIN-II; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSE; ANTAGONIST; HYPERTENSION; KALLIKREIN; HOE-140; KININS; SODIUM; KIDNEY AB 1 In this study 3 protocols were utilized to determine the role of endogenous kinins in the resistance of the inbred Dahl (Rapp) salt-resistant (SR/Jr) rats to high salt diet-induced blood pressure elevation. 2 The bradykinin B-2 receptor antagonist, Hoe 140 (D-Arg[Hyp(3), Thi(5), D-Tic(5), Oic(8)]-bradykinin) at doses of either 10-20 or 20-40 nmol day(-1) (subcutaneously (s.c), via osmotic minipumps, for either 1 or 3 weeks during a high (8%) salt diet) effectively blocked or attenuated the hypotensive responses to 100-1000 ng of bradykinin. 3 In the first protocol, 5 week old SR/Jr rats treated with Hoe 140 (10-20 nmol day(-1), n = 9, s.c., via osmotic minipumps) for 3 weeks and concomitantly fed high (8%) NaCl diet had significantly higher conscious tail cuff blood pressures (BPc) at 1 and 3 weeks when compared with rats treated with vehicle (0.9% NaCl, n = 6). The differences in BPc between the 2 groups were 13 mmHg (P < 0.001) after 1 week and 8 mmHg (P < 0.05) after 3 weeks of treatment. 4 In the second protocol, 5 week old SR/Jr rats were treated with Hoe 140 (20-40 nmol day(-1), n = 8, s.c., via osmotic minipumps) or vehicle (n = 8) for 3 weeks. During the first week of treatment the rats were fed normal (0.8%) NaCl diet. The rats were then switched to 8% NaCl for 2 remaining weeks of the protocol. The mean BPc of Hoe 140-treated rats was not significantly different from that of the vehicle-treated rats when fed 0.8% NaCl diet. In contrast, rats treated with Hoe 140 and concomitantly fed high (8%) NaCl diet had significantly increased BPc (123 +/- 2 vs 111 +/- 1 mmHg, P < 0.001 for the Hoe 140- and vehicle-treated rats, respectively). 5 In the third protocol, treatment with Hoe 140 (20-40 nmol day(-1), s.c., via osmotic minipumps) during high salt diet did not increase BPc in rats that were pre-exposed to the high salt diet for 2 weeks. 6 At the end of 3 weeks of study, blood pressure was measured via an arterial catheter during pentobarbitone-induced anaesthesia. Rats treated with Hoe 140 for 1 or 3 weeks had significantly lower mean arterial blood pressures than the vehicle-treated rats. 7 Our findings suggest that in SR/Jr rats, kinin activation of bradykinin B receptors at least partially contributes to early regulatory mechanisms that resist an increase in blood pressure following exposure to a high salt diet. The mechanism underlying the decreased blood pressure during pentobarbitone anaesthesia of SR/Jr rats chronically treated with Hoe 140 has yet to be elucidated. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Cell & Mol Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Fitzgibbon, WR (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-44671, HL-17705] NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0007-1188 J9 BRIT J PHARMACOL JI Br. J. Pharmacol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 124 IS 1 BP 197 EP 205 DI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0701797 PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA ZM365 UT WOS:000073531200026 PM 9630360 ER PT J AU Berdud, I Martin-Malo, A Almaden, Y Aljama, P Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ AF Berdud, I Martin-Malo, A Almaden, Y Aljama, P Rodriguez, M Felsenfeld, AJ TI The PTH-calcium relationship during a range of infused PTH doses in the parathyroidectomized rat SO CALCIFIED TISSUE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE calcium; hypoparathyroidism; hyperparathyroidism; parathyroid hormone; phosphorus ID PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; CALCEMIC RESPONSE; RENAL-FAILURE; HORMONE; PHOSPHORUS; CALCITRIOL; WEIGHT; BASAL AB To establish the PTH dosage that maintains normal mineral homeostasis in the PTX rat, a series of doses of rat 1-34 PTH were infused via a subcutaneously implanted miniosmotic pump. The doses were 0, 0.011, 0.022, 0.044, and 0.11 mu g/100 g/hour. After 48 hours, serum calcium ranged from 5.56 +/- 0.02 to 16.29 +/- 0.25 mg/dl, ANOVA P < 0.001, and serum phosphorus from 12.49 +/- 0.03 to 5.33 +/- 0.34 mg/dl, ANOVA P < 0.001. By post hoc test, the serum calcium level was different (P < 0.05) at every PTH dose; the serum phosphorus level was different (P < 0.05) at every PTH dose except between the two highest doses. The PTH dosage that produced a normal serum calcium (10.09 +/- 0.10 mg/dl) and phosphorus (6.90 +/- 0.18 mg/dl) was 0.022 mu g/ 100 g/hour. The relationship between increasing doses of PTH and both serum calcium and phosphorus was curvilinear and the calcium-phosphorus product was remarkably constant from a serum calcium of 7-13 mg/dl. The increase in serum calcium and the decrease in serum phosphorus were more rapid at lower than at higher PTH doses so that for both, an asymptote was reached. At the highest serum calcium values, the calcium-phosphorus product increased and in individual rats, an increase in serum phosphorus was associated with a decrease in serum calcium. Ln summary, this study shows that (1) for rat 1-34 PTH, the normal replacement dose in the PTX rat with normal renal function on a normal diet is 0.022 mu/100 g/hour; (2) the relationship between PTH and both serum calcium and phosphorus is curvilinear, and an asymptote is reached for both; and (3) the calcium-phosphorus product is remarkably constant as the serum calcium increases from 7 to 13 mg/dl and only increased during marked hypercalcemia when serum phosphorus did not decrease further or even tended to increase. C1 Hosp Univ Reine Sofia, Dept Nephrol, Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Univ Reine Sofia, Unit Invest, Cordoba, Spain. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Rodriguez, M (reprint author), Hosp Univ Reine Sofia, Dept Nephrol, Cordoba, Spain. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 38 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0171-967X J9 CALCIFIED TISSUE INT JI Calcif. Tissue Int. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 62 IS 5 BP 457 EP 461 DI 10.1007/s002239900460 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZG607 UT WOS:000073020700013 PM 9541525 ER PT J AU Zvejnieks, PA Lichtenstein, KA Koneman, EW AF Zvejnieks, PA Lichtenstein, KA Koneman, EW TI Photo quiz II - Diagnosis: Luminal anisakidosis due to Pseudoterranova decipiens SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Columbia Rose Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Zvejnieks, PA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, B-216,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1085 EP + PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZM239 UT WOS:000073518600011 PM 9597231 ER PT J AU Mascarenas, CA Hardin, TC Pennick, GJ Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR AF Mascarenas, CA Hardin, TC Pennick, GJ Rinaldi, MG Graybill, JR TI Treatment of thrush with itraconazole solution: Evidence for topical effect SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FLUCONAZOLE C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Infect Dis Sect 111F, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Infect Dis Sect 111F, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1242 EP 1243 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA ZM239 UT WOS:000073518600051 PM 9597271 ER PT J AU Cornish, JW O'Brien, CP AF Cornish, JW O'Brien, CP TI Developing medications to treat cocaine dependence: a new direction SO CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article AB Research on the development of peripheral cocaine-blocking agents represents a significant departure from previous strategies. The early results from studies of a cocaine vaccine and the findings from research on the enhancement of cocaine metabolic enzymes are reviewed. (C) 1998 Rapid Science Ltd. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cornish, JW (reprint author), Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0951-7367 J9 CURR OPIN PSYCHIATR JI Curr. Opin. Psychiatr. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 11 IS 3 BP 249 EP 251 DI 10.1097/00001504-199805000-00002 PG 3 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA ZR109 UT WOS:000073937200002 ER PT J AU Bucalo, BD Mirikitani, EJ Moy, RL AF Bucalo, BD Mirikitani, EJ Moy, RL TI Comparison of skin anesthetic effect of liposomal lidocaine, nonliposomal lidocaine, and EMLA using 30-minute application time SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND. Liposomes are microscopic phospholipid vessels that have been utilized to extend the action of topical medications. Previous studies have demonstrated that liposomal vehicles can prolong the action of a variety of medications, including antifungals, anesthetics, interferon, and antineoplastic agents. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to examine the degree and duration of anesthesia produced by lidocaine in a liposomal vehicle compared with lidocaine in a nonliposomal vehicle and compared with EMLA. The topical preparations in this study were allowed to contact the skin for a 30-minute period prior to evaluation of anesthetic effectiveness. Unoccluded and Tega-derm-occluded topical preparations were evaluated in two separate arms of the study. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirteen healthy volunteers (three male, 10 female) were recruited for the nonocclusion arm of the study. Six healthy volunteers (two male, four female) were recruited for the occlusion arm of the study. Subjects with a history of allergy to lidocaine, a history of seizures, cardiac or respiratory difficulty, pregnant patients, and patients less than 18 years old were excluded. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients prior to testing. The volar forearms of the volunteers were swabbed with isopropyl alcohol and allowed to dry. A template was then utilized to mark 2 x 2-cm squares with a skin marker on both volar forearms. In total, nine squares corresponding to nine test areas were marked. The nine test preparations were applied to the test areas in a double-blinded fashion using a clean swab stick. The test preparations were then allowed to remain on the skin for 30 minutes in either occluded or nonoccluded form depending upon the arm of the study. Following the 30-minute application period, the test preparations were wiped off with clean gauze. Testing for anesthesia was performed by following a previously published method utilizing gentle pinpricks. A new pinprick apparatus was used for each patient. Pinprick testing was performed at 0, 15, 30, 60, and 90 minutes following the end of the 30-minute application period. Patients' responses to the pinprick were recorded in a binary fashion, as being either: 1) totally painless or 0) painfully sharp to any degree. Ten applications of the pinprick were applied randomly across each 2 x 2-cm test area. The number of painless applications of the pinprick out of a total of 10 applications of the pinprick was then recorded for each test area at every particular test time. In total, nine test preparations were evaluated. Analysis of the data was performed by a PhD statistical faculty consultant from the UCLA Mathematics Department. RESULTS. Liposomal lidocaine preparations evidenced longer durations of anesthesia than lidocaine preparations in nonliposomal vehicles. Five percent liposomal lidocaine preparations were statistically equivalent to EMLA in anesthetic effectiveness. CONCLUSION. Five percent liposomal lidocaine is an effective alternative topical agent for use in the attainment of temporary local anesthesia of the skin. (C) 1998 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Bucalo, BD (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 11 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 24 IS 5 BP 537 EP 541 PG 5 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA ZM971 UT WOS:000073594900006 PM 9598008 ER PT J AU Sugarman, JR Reiber, GE Baumgardner, G Prela, CM Lowery, J AF Sugarman, JR Reiber, GE Baumgardner, G Prela, CM Lowery, J TI Use of the therapeutic footwear benefit among diabetic Medicare beneficiaries in three states, 1995 SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID SHOES; PREVENTION; DISEASE; ULCERS AB OBJECTIVE - To determine the extent to which Medicare provided reimbursement for therapeutic footwear to diabetic Medicare beneficiaries in Washington, Alaska, and Idaho in 1995. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Using inpatient, outpatient, and durable medical equipment claims data, we selected a cohort of diabetic Medicare beneficiaries. Therapeutic footwear claims were identified using a set of billing codes intended only for the diabetes footwear benefit. People at "high risk" or "possibly increased risk" for foot problems who might benefit from therapeutic footwear were identified using a combination of International classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnostic codes in any of the databases. RESULTS - Among 608,804 beneficiaries, 10.2% (62,170) met the inclusion criteria for diabetes. Of the diabetic beneficiaries, 13.0% (8,079) had at least one "high risk" diagnosis, and 14.0% (8,686) had at least one "possibly increased risk" diagnosis. The percentage of diabetic beneficiaries with therapeutic footwear claims was 2.9% among those with diagnoses high risk, 0.70% among those viith diagnoses indicating possibly increased risk, and 0.1% among those with no diagnosis from the list. Altogether, only 0.6% of beneficiaries meeting the diabetes case ascertainment criteria had a therapeutic footwear claim in 1995. CONCLUSIONS - Few diabetic Medicare beneficiaries in Washington, Alaska, and Idaho had claims for reimbursement for therapeutic footwear in 1995. The low utilization of the footwear benefit may represent an important opportunity to improve care for Medicare beneficiaries with diabetes. Further work should be done to characterize the use of the benefit in other regions and to assess whether the low level of usage reflects underutilization. C1 PRO West, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA USA. Hlth Care Financing Adm, Seattle, WA USA. RP Sugarman, JR (reprint author), PRO West, 10700 Meridian Ave N,Suite 100, Seattle, WA USA. EM wapro.jsugarma@sdps.org NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAY PY 1998 VL 21 IS 5 BP 777 EP 781 DI 10.2337/diacare.21.5.777 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZK207 UT WOS:000073296100017 PM 9589239 ER PT J AU Robbins, SJ Ehrman, RN AF Robbins, SJ Ehrman, RN TI Cocaine use is associated with increased craving in outpatient cocaine abusers SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC ADJUVANT THERAPY; CUE REACTIVITY; INPATIENT TREATMENT; ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE; INDUCED MOODS; SMOKING; RELAPSE; PREDICTORS; DESIPRAMINE; ABSTINENCE AB Sixty-one cocaine abuse patients provided self-reports of craving and urine samples 3 times a week. Within-subject analyses revealed several relationships between the measures. First, peak craving levels were higher for 2-3-day intervals during which cocaine use had occurred than for preceding or following abstinent intervals. Second, average craving ratings during cocaine use intervals were double the ratings given during abstinent intervals. Third, cocaine use was 4 times more likely to occur during a period of elevated craving than during comparison intervals. Finally, participants who provided at least 1 positive urine sample reported more craving increases over 4 weeks than did abstinent individuals. These results demonstrate a strong association between craving increases and naturally occurring cocaine use but do not allow a determination of whether craving caused cocaine use or cocaine use caused craving. C1 Beaver Coll, Dept Psychol, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. Univ Penn, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Robbins, SJ (reprint author), Beaver Coll, Dept Psychol, 450 S Easton Rd, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA03008] NR 59 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1064-1297 J9 EXP CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 6 IS 2 BP 217 EP 224 DI 10.1037/1064-1297.6.2.217 PG 8 WC Psychology, Biological; Psychology, Clinical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA ZN471 UT WOS:000073649200011 PM 9608354 ER PT J AU Barnes, CJ Lee, M AF Barnes, CJ Lee, M TI Chemoprevention of spontaneous intestinal adenomas in the adenomatous polyposis coli Min mouse model with aspirin SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 LEVELS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SULINDAC SULFIDE; MUCOSAL INJURY; CARCINOGENESIS; APOPTOSIS; PROLIFERATION; RISK; TUMORIGENESIS; INHIBITION AB Background & Aims: Colorectal cancer is a significant source of morbidity and mortality in the United States and other Western countries. Epidemiological and experimental data indicate that regular use of aspirin reduces colon cancer risk. This study was designed to determine if aspirin would significantly inhibit gastrointestinal tumor formation in a mouse model of familial adenomatous polyposis. Methods: Six-week-old male and female C57BL/6J +/+ (control) and C57BL/6J Apc(Min)/+ (Min) mice were fed either a control AlN-76A diet or one supplemented with 250 or 500 parts per million (ppm) aspirin (n = 6 per group) for 7 weeks. Results: All of the Min mice, but no control mice, developed gastrointestinal tumors. Aspirin significantly reduced tumor multiplicity (number of tumors per mouse) in the small intestine, but not the colon, from an average of 35.8 tumors per mouse (control diet) to 16 and 18.5 tumors per mouse with 250 and 500 ppm aspirin, respectively. Total tumor load (sum of tumor diameters per mouse) was also significantly reduced, from 93.2 mm in total diameter to 40.4 and 45.0 mm with 250 and 500 ppm aspirin, respectively. Results were not significantly different because of sex or aspirin dose. Conclusions: High doses of aspirin are effective chemopreventive agents in a mouse model of spontaneous intestinal tumor formation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Nutr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Lee, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol & Nutr, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA 54174] NR 32 TC 125 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD MAY PY 1998 VL 114 IS 5 BP 873 EP 877 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70305-1 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZJ817 UT WOS:000073256500006 PM 9558273 ER PT J AU Silverstein, JT Breininger, J Baskin, DG Plisetskaya, EM AF Silverstein, JT Breininger, J Baskin, DG Plisetskaya, EM TI Neuropeptide Y-like gene expression in the salmon brain increases with fasting SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STIMULATES GROWTH-HORMONE; GONADOTROPIN-II SECRETION; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; GOLDFISH PITUITARY; FEMALE GOLDFISH; ENERGY-BALANCE; FOOD-INTAKE; PEPTIDE YY; INSULIN AB In mammals there is a well-established connection between neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the balance between energy intake and expenditure: NPY stimulates food intake and the hypothalamus shows a dramatic increase in NPY mRNA in response to fasting. The widespread occurrence of NPY in the brains of all vertebrates investigated raises the possibility that NPY may be involved in food intake and energy balance regulation in nommammalian vertebrates as well. We used in situ hybridization to examine whether brain NPY-like gene expression is involved in energy balance regulation in salmon. A radiolabeled oligonucleotide probe was employed to screen the salmon forebrain and parts of the midbrain for NPY-like mRNA. Distribution of NPY-Like gene expression was determined, followed by examination of brains from fed or food-deprived chinook and coho salmon. Regions expressing NPY-like mRNA were the caudoventral telencephalon, preoptic area, thalamus, optic tectum, and caudal hypothalamus. The region showing a difference in NPY-like gene expression between fed and fasted individuals was the preoptic area of the hypothalamus where significantly greater hybridization signal area was found with fasting. Plasma insulin levels were also shown to differ, with fasted animals having significantly lower insulin levels. These results suggest that the role of NPY-like peptides in the regulation of energy balance may have arisen early in vertebrate evolution. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Fisheries, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Metab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Silverstein, JT (reprint author), Jamie Whitten Delta States Res Ctr, Expt Stn Rd,5 Story Bldg,POB 38, Stoneville, MS 38776 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK17047] NR 43 TC 100 Z9 111 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 110 IS 2 BP 157 EP 165 DI 10.1006/gcen.1998.7058 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA ZL252 UT WOS:000073414000007 PM 9570936 ER PT J AU Melby, PC Tryon, VV Chandrasekar, B Freeman, GL AF Melby, PC Tryon, VV Chandrasekar, B Freeman, GL TI Cloning of Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) cytokine cDNAs and analysis of cytokine mRNA expression in experimental visceral leishmaniasis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE; CELL-STIMULATING ACTIVITIES; IMMUNE INTERFERON CDNA; T-CELL; IFN-GAMMA; HUMAN INTERLEUKIN-2; FACTOR-BETA; DONOVANI INFECTIONS AB The Syrian golden hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) is uniquely susceptible to a variety of intracellular pathogens and is an excellent model for a number of human infectious diseases, The molecular basis for this high level of susceptibility is unknown, and immunological studies related to this model have been limited by the lack of available reagents, In this report we describe the cloning and sequence analysis of portions of the Syrian hamster interleukin 2 (IL-2), IL-4, gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor alpha, IL-10, IL-12p40, and transforming growth factor beta cDNAs, In addition, we examined the cytokine response to infection with the intracellular protozoan Leishmania donovani in this animal model, Sequence analysis of the hamster cytokines revealed 69 to 93% homology with the corresponding mouse, rat, and human nucleotide sequences and 48 to 100% homology with the deduced amino acid sequences, The hamster IFN-gamma, compared with the mouse and rat homologs, had an additional 17 amino acids at the C terminus that could decrease the biological activity of this molecule and thus contribute to the extreme susceptibility of this animal to intracellular pathogens. The splenic expression of these genes in response to infection with L. donovani, the cause of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), was determined by Northern blotting. VL in the hamster is a progressive, lethal disease which very closely mimics active human disease, In this model there was pronounced expression of the Th1 cytokine mRNAs, with transcripts being detected as early as 1 week postinfection, Basal expression of IL-4 in uninfected hamsters was prominent but did not increase in response to infection with L. donovani, IL-12 transcript expression was detected at low levels in infected animals and paralleled the expression of IFN-gamma, Expression of IL-10, a potent macrophage deactivator, increased throughout the course of infection and could contribute to the progressive nature of this infection. These initial studies are the first to examine the molecular immunopathogenesis of a hamster model of VL infection and indicate that progressive disease in this model of VL is not associated with early polarization of the splenic cellular immune response toward a Th2 phenotype and away from a Th1 phenotype. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Melby, PC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 63 TC 98 Z9 101 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 66 IS 5 BP 2135 EP 2142 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA ZL243 UT WOS:000073413100046 PM 9573100 ER PT J AU Garcia, AW Pender, NJ Antonakos, CL Ronis, DL AF Garcia, AW Pender, NJ Antonakos, CL Ronis, DL TI Changes in physical activity beliefs and behaviors of boys and girls across the transition to junior high school SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE physical activity; physical activity beliefs; adolescents; gender differences ID EXERCISE AB Purpose: This longitudinal study investigated gender-specific changes in physical activity beliefs and behaviors across the elementary to junior high school transition. Methods: Physical activity beliefs and behaviors were measured in a cohort of 132 racially diverse youth during the year prior to and following the transition. Questionnaires assessed variables hypothetically linked to activity. Physical activity was monitored with the Child/Adolescent Activity Log. Results: Gender differences in physical activity beliefs emerged. Across the transition, boys reported decreased efficacy, social support, and expectations (norms) to be physically active. Although girls also reported decreased social support for physical activity, they further reported exposure to fewer active role models and were less likely to perceive that the benefits of regular activity outweighed the barriers following the transition. Gender differences in activity levels were apparent, with girls being less active than boys. Despite changes in physical activity beliefs across the school transition, no significant changes in actual level of activity occurred over this period. Although beliefs were significantly related to behaviors in the domain of physical activity, pretransition activity level was the best predictor of posttransition activity level. Conclusions: These data indicate that physical activity beliefs of adolescents change over the school transition. C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Div Kinesiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Pender, NJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, 400 N Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RI Loureiro, Nuno/I-6400-2012 OI Loureiro, Nuno/0000-0002-1166-3219; Antonakos, Cathy L/0000-0003-3163-9838 FU NINR NIH HHS [NR02962] NR 27 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAY PY 1998 VL 22 IS 5 BP 394 EP 402 DI 10.1016/S1054-139X(97)00259-0 PG 9 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA ZL731 UT WOS:000073464800008 PM 9589341 ER PT J AU Cook, IA Leuchter, AF Uijtdehaage, SHJ Osato, S Holschneider, DH Abrams, M Rosenberg-Thompson, S AF Cook, IA Leuchter, AF Uijtdehaage, SHJ Osato, S Holschneider, DH Abrams, M Rosenberg-Thompson, S TI Altered cerebral energy utilization in late life depression SO JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE major depression; late life depression; physiology; EEG; cordance ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; BLOOD-FLOW; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MOOD DISORDERS; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; PERFUSION; EMOTION; CORTEX; STATE AB Background: Global and regional changes in cerebral energy utilization are reported to characterize late life depression. Methods: Twenty seven subjects with late life depression (9 prior to starting medication, 18 after starting) and 27 matched controls were evaluated with cordance, a quantitative EEG measure that reflects cerebral energy utilization. Results: Global and focal (anterior and centrotemporal) differences were present in theta-band cordance between unmedicated depressed and control subjects. Depressed subjects receiving treatment had cordance patterns similar to controls. Conclusions: The presence of both diffuse and focal disturbances in energy utilization prior to initiating treatment indicates that cordance detects altered cerebral physiology in depressed patients, and that this measure may also be sensitive to treatment interventions. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Quantitat EEG Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Cook, IA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Quantitat EEG Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM icook@ucla.edu OI Uijtdehaage, Sebastian/0000-0001-8598-4683 FU NIMH NIH HHS [K02-MH01165, R01-MH40705, T32-MH17140] NR 45 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0327 J9 J AFFECT DISORDERS JI J. Affect. Disord. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 49 IS 2 BP 89 EP 99 DI 10.1016/S0165-0327(97)00192-4 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZK956 UT WOS:000073384500001 PM 9609672 ER PT J AU Craig, TJ Teets, S Lehman, EB Chinchilli, VM Zwillich, C AF Craig, TJ Teets, S Lehman, EB Chinchilli, VM Zwillich, C TI Nasal congestion secondary to allergic rhinitis as a cause of sleep disturbance and daytime fatigue and the response to topical nasal corticosteroids SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sleep; fatigue; rhinitis; corticosteroids; sleep disorders; sleep disturbances; nasal congestion; allergic disease ID INTRANASAL FLUTICASONE PROPIONATE; BECLOMETHASONE DIPROPIONATE; TERFENADINE TABLETS; SPRAY; FRAGMENTATION; AEROSOL; APNEA AB Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a frequent disease affecting up to 20% of the population. AR causes a hypersensitivity reaction, which results in inflamed nasal mucosa and nasal congestion. Negative pressure generated during inspiration in the nasal airway secondary to nasal congestion may lead to nasal collapse, airway obstruction, and an increased number of sleep microarousals. Sleep disturbances and microarousals can detrimentally affect daytime energy levels, mood, and daytime function. It is unknown whether treatment directed to reduce congestion may reduce these microarousals, sleep problems, and, consequently, associated daytime fatigue. Objective: We sought to determine whether reducing nasal congestion with nasal steroids will reduce sleep complaints and daytime sleepiness. Method: We enrolled 20 subjects in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study using Balaam's Design. Patients were treated with topical nasal corticosteroids or placebo. Subjective data were collected by use of a daily diary, which focused on nasal symptoms, sleep, and daytime sleepiness. Results: The results demonstrated that nasal congestion and subjective sleep improved significantly in the topical corticosteroid-treated subjects but not in the placebo group. Sleepiness improved, but not significantly (p = 0.08). Conclusion: Often, people with perennial allergies may attribute their daytime fatigue to causes such as the side effects of medications, when in fact, the fatigue may be a result of nasal congestion and associated sleep fragmentation. Decreasing nasal congestion with nasal steroids may improve sleep, daytime fatigue, and the quality of Life of patients with AR. C1 Penn State Univ, Div Med, Sect Pulm Allergy & Crit Care, Allergy Clin,Dept Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Penn State Univ, Dept Hlth Evaluat Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Denver, CO USA. RP Craig, TJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Div Med, Sect Pulm Allergy & Crit Care, Allergy Clin,Dept Med, 500 Univ Dr, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. NR 34 TC 168 Z9 171 U1 1 U2 6 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 101 IS 5 BP 633 EP 637 PG 5 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA ZN926 UT WOS:000073697400011 PM 9600500 ER PT J AU Perell, KL Gregor, RJ Scremin, AME AF Perell, KL Gregor, RJ Scremin, AME TI Lower limb cycling mechanics in subjects with unilateral cerebrovascular accidents SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED BIOMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE hemiplegia; biomechanics; cerebral vascular disorders; asymmetry ID STROKE PATIENTS; POSTURAL STABILITY; HEMIPLEGIC GAIT; JOINT ANGLE; PERFORMANCE; HEMIPARESIS; LOCOMOTION; ERGOMETER; FEEDBACK; REHABILITATION AB Biomechanical analysis of the generalized muscle moment and pourer patterns involved in cycling provides information regarding coordination within each limb. The purpose of this study was to compare individual joint kinetics, bilaterally, in subjects who had experienced cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs). Two-dimensional cinematography and force pedal data in a linked-segment model were used to study 8 ambulatory subjects while they rode a recumbent bicycle. The involved lower limb was defined as the lower limb with the greatest deficits, whereas the contralateral lower limb was defined as the lower limb opposite the involved lower Limb and ipsilateral to the lesion site. The contralateral lower limbs of subjects with CVAs demonstrated patterns similar to those reported for nondisabled cyclists on an upright bicycle except for a bimodal hip power generation pattern that was possibly due to compensation for a lack of involved lower limb power generation. There were two critical findings of this study: Single-joint power generation patterns during the power phase indicated that either the hip or the knee, bur not both joints, generated power in the involved lower limb, and asymmetrical differences between lower limbs appeared significant at the ankle alone. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Mt St Marys Coll, Dept Phys Therapy, Los Angeles, CA 90049 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Hlth & Performance Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, PM&R Div, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Perell, KL (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, PM&R 117, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 35 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1065-8483 J9 J APPL BIOMECH JI J. Appl. Biomech. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 14 IS 2 BP 158 EP 179 PG 22 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Sport Sciences SC Engineering; Sport Sciences GA ZL280 UT WOS:000073416800003 ER PT J AU Kirkpatrick, WR McAtee, RK Revankar, SG Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF AF Kirkpatrick, WR McAtee, RK Revankar, SG Fothergill, AW McCarthy, DI Rinaldi, MG Patterson, TF TI Comparative evaluation of National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards broth macrodilution and agar dilution screening methods for testing fluconazole susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VITRO ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; CHROMOGENIC AGAR; MENINGITIS; YEASTS AB A simple screening method for fluconazole susceptibility of Cryptococcus neoformans using 2% dextrose Sabouraud dextrose agar (SabDex) with fluconazole was compared to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) broth macrodilution method. By this method, fluconazole-susceptible C. neoformans isolates are significantly smaller on medium dth fluconazole than on fluconazole-free medium. Isolates with decreased susceptibility hale normal-size colonies on medium containing fuconazole. The 48-h NCCLS broth macrodilution MICs (NCCLS MICs) for isolates with normal-size colonies on 8- or 16-mu g/ml fluconazole plates were predicted to be greater than or equal to 8 or greater than or equal to 16-mu g/ml, respectively. On medium with 16 mu g of fluconazole per ml, all strains (84 of 84) for which the NCCLS MICs were <16 mu g/ml were correctly predicted, as were all isolates (7 of 7) for which the MICs were greater than or equal to 16 mu g/ml. Agar dilution appears to he an effective screening method for fluconazole resistance in C. neoformans. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Patterson, TF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM PATTERSON@UTHSCSA.EDU FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346, M01 RR001346]; NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE011381, 5 R01-DE11381] NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1330 EP 1332 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA ZJ084 UT WOS:000073177900030 PM 9574699 ER PT J AU Agostini, HT Shishido-Hara, Y Baumhefner, RW Singer, EJ Ryschkewitsch, CF Stoner, GL AF Agostini, HT Shishido-Hara, Y Baumhefner, RW Singer, EJ Ryschkewitsch, CF Stoner, GL TI JC virus type 2: definition of subtypes based on DNA sequence analysis of ten complete genomes SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE MULTIFOCAL LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; BRAIN; PCR; AMPLIFICATION; INDIVIDUALS; VARIANTS; STRAIN; URINE; AIDS AB Five major genotypes of JC virus (JCV) have been defined based on nucleotide differences in the VP1 gene of the DNA sequence. These types are probably a result of virus evolution in geographically isolated population groups. One of the first genotypes identified, Type 2, was found to represent strains of Asian origin. In order to further define the spectrum within Type 2 strains, the entire 5.1 kb genome of nine urinary strains of ICV was amplified by PCR with one pair of primers. These urine samples were obtained in the USA (California and New Mexico) from three European Americans, three Native Americans, two African Americans and one Hispanic American. The complete genome of an Asian ICV strain (Tokyo-1) isolated from progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) brain in Japan was also sequenced. Here, we report the analysis of these ten DNA sequences and their deduced protein translations. Two phylogenetically distinct subtypes of Type 2 were found, 2A and 2B, which differ from each other by 0.8-1.1% of the coding region sequence. A 215 bp product amplified with primers in the VP1 gene contains enough sequence information to distinguish the major types and subtypes of JCV and is suitable for application in viral epidemiological studies. The investigation of these genomic variations is of special interest because JCV Type 2 strains are found at a significantly higher frequency in brain tissue of patients with PML than would be predicted from their excretion in a control population. C1 NINDS, Neurotoxicol Sect, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurol Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Stoner, GL (reprint author), NINDS, Neurotoxicol Sect, NIH, Bldg 36,Room 4A-29, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 90073] NR 32 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING, BERKS, ENGLAND RG7 1AE SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 79 BP 1143 EP 1151 PN 5 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA ZL473 UT WOS:000073436400020 PM 9603329 ER PT J AU Caroff, SN Mann, SC AF Caroff, SN Mann, SC TI Response to "Recognition and treatment of the catatonic syndrome" SO JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID NEUROLEPTIC MALIGNANT SYNDROME C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Caroff, SN (reprint author), VA Med Ctr 116A, Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0885-0666 J9 J INTENSIVE CARE MED JI J. Intensive Care Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 3 BP 149 EP 150 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1489.1998.0m149.x PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZR528 UT WOS:000073986600007 ER PT J AU Li, GQ Chooback, L Wolfe, JT Rook, AH Felix, CA Lessin, SR Salhany, KE AF Li, GQ Chooback, L Wolfe, JT Rook, AH Felix, CA Lessin, SR Salhany, KE TI Overexpression of p53 protein in cutaneous T cell lymphoma: Relationship to large cell transformation and disease progression SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mycosis fungoides; p53 gene mutations; sezary syndrome ID MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA; GENE-MUTATIONS; DNA-DAMAGE; B-CELL; C-MYC; EXPRESSION; CANCER; POLYMORPHISM; FEATURES AB The molecular mechanisms by which advanced cases of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) (mycosis fungoides/Sezary syndrome) undergo large cell transformation (LCT) and develop the morphologic appearance of a large cell lymphoma, are undefined. We used immunohistochemical analysis and polymerase chain reaction/single strand conformational polymorphism to examine whether p53 mutations are associated with disease progression and LCT in CTCL. p53 protein immunohistochemistry was performed on 37 paraffin embedded biopsies from 27 patients with CTCL; LCT was present in 15 biopsies. Overexpression of p53 protein was found in 11 of 37 CTCL biopsies including 10 of 15 biopsies (67%) with LCT in which p53 staining was predominantly seen in large transformed cells. In contrast, p53 immunostaining was found in only one of 22 CTCL biopsies without LCT (p < 0.0004). Serial biopsies revealed acquisition of p53 expression following I;CT in two patients in whom initial diagnostic biopsies without LCT were p53 negative by immunostaining. All p53 protein positive biopsies were from advanced lesions (cutaneous tumors or extracutaneous sites); none of 12 patch/plaque stage CTCL biopsies demonstrated p53 staining. Polymerase chain reaction/single strand conformational polymorphism and sequencing analysis of p53 exons 4-8 was performed in 11 cases where frozen tissue was available. No mutations were detected in six cases positive for p53 protein expression. These results suggest overexpression of p53 protein in LCT and disease progression of CTCL by a mechanism other than p53 gene mutation, in most cases. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Dermatol, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Lessin, SR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Dermatol, Med Ctr, 217 Clin Res Bldg,415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [R29 CA-55017, R01 CA-58841]; NIAMS NIH HHS [T32 AR-07565] NR 35 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 110 IS 5 BP 767 EP 770 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1747.1998.00167.x PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZJ401 UT WOS:000073211600009 PM 9579543 ER PT J AU Royall, DR Cordes, JA Polk, M AF Royall, DR Cordes, JA Polk, M TI CLOX: an executive clock drawing task SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE dementia; Alzheimer's; executive; assessment ID MINI-MENTAL-STATE; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; DEMENTIA; ASYMMETRIES; PERFORMANCE; SCREEN AB Objective-To describe a clock drawing task (CLOX) designed to elicit executive impairment and discriminate it from non-executive constructional failure. Subjects-90 elderly subjects were studied (45 elderly and well persons from the independent living apartments of a continuing care retirement community and 45 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease). The clock drawing performance of elderly patients was compared with that of 62 young adult controls. Methods-Subjects received the CLOX, an executive test (EXIT25), and the mini mental state examination (MMSE). The CLOX is divided into an unprompted task that is sensitive to executive control (CLOX1) and a copied version that is not (CLOX2). Between rater reliability (27 subjects) was high for both subtests. Results-In elderly subjects, CLOX subscores correlated strongly with cognitive severity (CLOX1: r=-0.83 v the EXIT25; CLOX2: r=0.85 v the MMSE). EXIT25 and MMSE scores predicted CLOX1 scores independently of age or education (F(4,82)=50.7, p<0.001; R-2=0.71). The EXIT25 accounted for 68% of CLOX1 variance. Only the MMSE significantly contributed to CLOX2 scores (F(4,72)=57.2, p<0.001; R-2=0.74). CLOX subscales discriminated between patients with Alzheimer's disease and elderly controls (83.1% of cases correctly classified; Wilkes' lambda=0.48, p<0.001), and between Alzheimer's disease subgroups with and without constructional impairment (91.9% of cases correctly classified; Wilkes' lambda=0.31, p<0.001). Conclusions-The CLOX is an internally consistent measure that is easy to administer and displays good inter-rater reliability. It is strongly associated with cognitive test scores. The pattern of CLOX failures may discriminate clinical dementia subgroups. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, Geriatr Res Educ Clin Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Clin Pharmacol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Royall, DR (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 44 TC 391 Z9 418 U1 2 U2 16 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0022-3050 J9 J NEUROL NEUROSUR PS JI J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry PD MAY PY 1998 VL 64 IS 5 BP 588 EP 594 DI 10.1136/jnnp.64.5.588 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Surgery GA ZL916 UT WOS:000073486400006 PM 9598672 ER PT J AU Cornford, EM Hyman, S Cornford, ME Damian, RT AF Cornford, EM Hyman, S Cornford, ME Damian, RT TI Glut1 glucose transporter in the primate choroid plexus endothelium SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPATHOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE baboon; blood-CSF barrier; cuboidal epithelium; Glut1 glucose transporter; human; quantitative immunogold electron microscopy; vervet monkey ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; MESSENGER-RNA; RAT; LOCALIZATION; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMISTRY; CAPILLARIES; IMMUNOGOLD; MEMBRANES AB The objective of the present study was to define the cellular location of the Glut1 glucose transporter in the primate choroid plexus. Immunogold electron microscopy indicated that Glut1 epitopes were associated primarily with choroid plexus endothelial cells. Digitized analyses of electron microscopic images provided quantitative estimates of the relative number of Glut1 glucose transporter epitopes on luminal and abluminal endothelial cell membranes within the choroid plexuses. We recorded a high density of Glut1 in the microvascular endothelium of primate choroid plexus, which was consistent in vervet monkeys (5-10 Glut1 gold particles per micrometer of endothelial cell plasma membrane), as well as in baboons (5-20 Glut1 gold particles per micrometer of capillary plasma membrane). In the baboon choroid plexus, we observed that perivascular cells (presumed to be pericytes) were also Glut1-positive, but with substantially reduced activity compared with endothelial cells. Occasional Glut1-immunogold particles were also seen in the basolateral membranes of the choroid plexus cuboidal cells. Light microscopic immunocytochemistry confirmed the abundance of Glut1 immunoreactivity in choroid plexus endothelial cells of vervet monkeys and baboons. A similar pattern was observed in surgically resected human choroid plexus, suggesting differences between primates, including humans and laboratory animals. The only difference was that erythrocytes within the human choroid plexus exhibited a florid Glut1-positive response, but were weakly immunoreactive in nonhuman primates. The observation of high glucose transporter densities in choroid plexus endothelial cells is consistent with the suggestion that choroidal epithelia and capillaries provide a metabolic work capability for maintaining ionic gradients and secretory functions across the blood-CSF barriers. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr W127B, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr W127B, Serv Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Cellular Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Cornford, EM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr W127B, Res Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS 25554] NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0022-3069 J9 J NEUROPATH EXP NEUR JI J. Neuropathol. Exp. Neurol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 57 IS 5 BP 404 EP 414 DI 10.1097/00005072-199805000-00004 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA ZN115 UT WOS:000073611400004 PM 9596411 ER PT J AU Russell, CD Yang, H Diethelm, AG Dubovsky, EV AF Russell, CD Yang, H Diethelm, AG Dubovsky, EV TI Prediction of renal transplant survival from early post-operative function studies with Tc99m-MAG3. SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Shanxi Med Univ, 1st Hosp, Taiyuan, Peoples R China. Univ Alabama, Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 39 IS 5 SU S MA 51 BP 15P EP 16P PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA ZM639 UT WOS:000073560300052 ER PT J AU Hunt, S Starkebaum, G Thompson, CE AF Hunt, S Starkebaum, G Thompson, CE TI The fibromyalgia problem SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Persian Gulf Vet Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hunt, S (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Persian Gulf Vet Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1023 EP 1024 PG 2 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA ZK991 UT WOS:000073388000042 PM 9598916 ER PT J AU Lamb, PM Menaker, GM Moy, RL AF Lamb, PM Menaker, GM Moy, RL TI Multiple basal cell carcinomas of the limb after adjuvant treatment of melanoma with isolated limb perfusion SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MYCOSIS-FUNGOIDES; CUTANEOUS MALIGNANCIES C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Moy, RL (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 38 IS 5 BP 767 EP 768 DI 10.1016/S0190-9622(98)70209-9 PN 1 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA ZL910 UT WOS:000073485800019 PM 9591826 ER PT J AU Holt, PR Moss, SF Heydari, AR Richardson, A AF Holt, PR Moss, SF Heydari, AR Richardson, A TI Diet restriction increases apoptosis in the gut of aging rats SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO PATTERNS; SMALL-INTESTINE; CELL-DEATH; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS; FOOD RESTRICTION; BAK EXPRESSION; BCL-X; PROLIFERATION; AGE; NEOPLASIA AB Previous studies have shown that epithelial cell production rates are increased throughout the gastrointestinal tract in aging rats. We tested the hypothesis that alteration in cell death (apoptosis) might br involved. Fischer 344 rats aged 4-5 months and 24-25 months fed ad libitum (AL) or calorie restricted (CR) to 60% of the AL intake were studied. Epithelial cell apoptosis was determined by a terminal deoxyuridine nucleotidyl nick end labeling (TUNEL) technique validated in our laboratory, and the expression of four members of the Bcl-2 family was evaluated by Western blotting in the small intestine and colon. The apoptotic index was low in young and aging AL and young CR rats. However, CR in aging rats was associated with a significantly higher apoptotic index in the jejunum and colon. The expression of the Bcl-2 family of genes was unchanged. Enhanced apoptosis in CR may protect the gastrointestinal tract from accumulation of DNA-altered cells during the aging process. C1 Columbia Univ, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, New York, NY 10025 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Holt, PR (reprint author), Columbia Univ, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Amsterdam Ave & 114th St, New York, NY 10025 USA. NR 35 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 53 IS 3 BP B168 EP B172 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA ZM037 UT WOS:000073498400002 PM 9597039 ER PT J AU Cummings, JL Cyrus, PA Bieber, F Mas, J Orazem, J Gulanski, B AF Cummings, JL Cyrus, PA Bieber, F Mas, J Orazem, J Gulanski, B CA Metrifonate Study Grp TI Metrifonate treatment of the cognitive deficits of Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITION; RATING-SCALE; HUMAN BRAIN; DEMENTIA; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; DICHLORVOS; CLINICIAN; BEHAVIOR; TACRINE AB The efficacy and safety of metrifonate, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, was evaluated clinically in patients diagnosed with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). This was a prospective, 30-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel group, dose-finding study, which included a 2-week screening period, a 12-week treatment period, and follow-up visits at 8 and 16 weeks post-treatment. Patients received placebo or metrifonate once daily. Metrifonate-treated patients received a loading dose of 0.5 mg/kg (25 to 45 mg), 0.9 mg/kg (45 to 80 mg), or 2.0 mg/kg (100 to 180 mg) for 2 weeks, followed by a maintenance dose of 0.2 mg/kg (10 to 20 mg), 0.3 mg/kg (15 to 25 mg), or 0.65 mg/kg (30 to 60 mg) for 10 weeks. Four hundred eighty patients were enrolled. Percentages of patients completing double-blind treatment were 96% in the placebo group and 89 to 94% in the metrifonate group. Metrifonate significantly improved cognitive ability, as assessed by the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale (ADAS-Cog), and enhanced global function, as assessed the Clinicians's Interview-Based Impression of Change with Caregiver Input (CIBIC-Plus). At 3 months, in the intent-to-treat patients, the treatment difference for the change in ADAS-Cog score in favor of metrifonate was 2.94 points (95% CI, 1.61 to 4.27; p = 0.0001). These patients also exhibited a 0.35-point improvement on the CIBIC-Plus relative to the placebo patients (95% CI, 0.15 to 0.54; p = 0.0007). Patients receiving lower drug doses had scores intermediate to those of the placebo and the 0.65 mg/kg metrifonate groups on both performance scales. The drug was well tolerated; side effects were predominantly gastrointestinal in nature, and no hepatic toxicity was observed. Therefore, in this study, metrifonate safely improved the cognitive deficits and benefited the global function of AD patients. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Neuropsychiat & Neurobehav Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Bayer Corp, Div Pharmaceut, West Haven, CT USA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Neurol, 701 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 39 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD MAY PY 1998 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1214 EP 1221 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZN179 UT WOS:000073617800010 PM 9595966 ER PT J AU Crawford, WW Klaustermeyer, WB Lee, PH Placik, IM AF Crawford, WW Klaustermeyer, WB Lee, PH Placik, IM TI Comparative efficacy of terfenadine, loratadine, and astemizole in perennial allergic rhinitis SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article ID DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; CHRONIC URTICARIA; CETIRIZINE; ANTIHISTAMINES; PERFORMANCE; PHARMACOKINETICS; DIPHENHYDRAMINE; HYDROXYZINE; MECHANISM; ALCOHOL AB Nonsedating H-1 antihistamines such as terfenadine, loratadine, and astemizole are widely prescribed for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. The comparative efficacy of these agents has not been thoroughly studied. We studied 14 subjects in an open-label four-way crossover trial. Patients were recruited from an outpatient allergy clinic. Inclusion criteria were documented rhinitis symptoms for at least 2 years before the study and skin-test positivity in response to perennial allergens. Each subject underwent sequential 2-week trials of each of four H-1 antihistamines: terfenadine, loratadine, astemizole, and chlorpheniramine, No placebo was included, Outcome measures were subjective rhinitis symptom scores, overall efficacy scores, and concomitant pseudoephedrine use, In addition, nasal-examination scores were obtained by way of physician assessment at the end of each 2-week trial, and side effects were tabulated. Nasal-examination scores for each of the four H-1 antihistamines were significantly better than the baseline scores (p < 0.05), No statistically significant differences in rhinitis symptom scores, overall efficacy scores, or concomitant pseudoephedrine use were noted. We detected no clinically significant differences in efficacy among terfenadine, loratadine, astemizole, and chlorpheniramine in the treatment of perennial allergic rhinitis. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Klaustermeyer, WB (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Sect, 111R,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 118 IS 5 BP 668 EP 673 DI 10.1177/019459989811800517 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA ZM219 UT WOS:000073516600017 PM 9591867 ER PT J AU McLellan, AT Hunkeler, E AF McLellan, AT Hunkeler, E TI Patient satisfaction and outcomes in alcohol and drug abuse treatment SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Addict Studies, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA USA. RP McLellan, AT (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Addict Studies, Bldg 7,Univ Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 9 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 49 IS 5 BP 573 EP 575 PG 3 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA ZL567 UT WOS:000073447300002 PM 9603565 ER PT J AU Shaner, A Roberts, LJ Eckman, TA Racenstein, JM Tucker, DE Tsuang, JW Mintz, J AF Shaner, A Roberts, LJ Eckman, TA Racenstein, JM Tucker, DE Tsuang, JW Mintz, J TI Sources of diagnostic uncertainty for chronically psychotic cocaine abusers SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting of the College-on-Problems-of-Drug-Dependence CY JUN 22-27, 1996 CL SAN JUAN, PUERTO RICO SP Coll Problems Drug Dependence ID SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; AMPHETAMINE; DEXTROAMPHETAMINE; DISORDERS; SYMPTOMS; METHYLPHENIDATE AB Objective: This study determined the sources and frequency of diagnostic uncertainty for patients with chronic psychosis and active cocaine abuse or dependence and assessed the usefulness of prospective follow-up in clarifying diagnosis. Methods: A total of 165 male patients with chronic psychoses and cocaine abuse or dependence on inpatient units of a Veterans Affairs medical center were evaluated using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID-R), urine tests, hospital records, and interviews with collateral sources. An algorithm allowing key SCID-R items and diagnostic criteria to be designated as provisionally met or uncertain was applied, resulting in a provisional diagnosis and a list of alternate diagnoses. The assessment was repeated 18 months later in an attempt to resolve diagnostic uncertainty. Results: In 30 cases (18 percent), initial assessment produced a definitive diagnosis, including 21 cases of schizophrenia, six of schizoaffective disorder, and three of psychostimulant-induced psychotic disorder In the other 135 cases, a definitive diagnosis could not be reached because of one or more soul ces of diagnostic uncertainty, including insufficient periods of abstinence (78 percent), poor memory (24 percent), and inconsistent reporting (20 percent). Reassessment at 18 months led to definitive diagnoses in 12 additional cases. Conclusions: It was frequently difficult to distinguish schizophrenia from chronic substance-induced psychoses. Rather than concluding prematurely that psychotic symptoms are, or are not, substance induced, clinicians should initiate treatment of both psychosis and the substance use disorder in uncertain cases. The persistence or resolution of psychosis during abstinence and additional history from the stabilized patient or collateral sources map clarify the diagnosis. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Shaner, A (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM ashaner@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH48081] NR 37 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIATR SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 49 IS 5 BP 684 EP 690 PG 7 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA ZL567 UT WOS:000073447300014 PM 9603577 ER PT J AU Aguilera-Tejero, E Lopez, I Estepa, JC Mayer-Valor, R Almaden, Y Concepcion, MT Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M AF Aguilera-Tejero, E Lopez, I Estepa, JC Mayer-Valor, R Almaden, Y Concepcion, MT Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M TI Mineral metabolism in healthy geriatric dogs SO RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE; VITAMIN-D; RENAL-FAILURE; PHOSPHORUS; AGE; CALCITRIOL; CALCIUM; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; RATS; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D AB To study mineral metabolism in geriatric dogs, parathyroid hormone, calcitriol, ionised calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were evaluated in 35 geriatric dogs (> 10 years) and in 20 young adult dogs (2-5 years). Parathyroid hormone levels were within the normal range in both groups, but values (mean +/- SEM) were greater in the old dogs (34.8 +/- 3.6 vs 21.2 +/- 2.3 pg ml(-1), P=0.005). Calcitriol and ionised calcium were similar in the two groups, and the values for both parameters were within the normal reference range. Plasma phosphorus levels were in the normal range in both groups but tended to be greater in the older dogs (P=0.09). While blood urea nitrogen was similar in the two groups, creatinine levels (mean +/- SEM) were higher in the young dogs (82.2 +/- 3.5 vs 101.7 +/- 4.4 mu mol litre(-1)). Even when the dogs were matched for weight, plasma creatinine concentration was still greater in the younger dogs. In conclusion, an increase in parathyroid hormone without changes in calcium, phosphorus and calcitriol has been identified in geriatric dogs. C1 Univ Cordoba, Dept Patol Clin Vet, E-14071 Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Reina Sofia, Unidad Invest, Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Ntra Sra Candelaria, Tenerife, Spain. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Aguilera-Tejero, E (reprint author), Hosp Clin Vet, Campus Univ Rabanales,Ctra Madrid Cadiz Km 396, Cordoba 14014, Spain. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0034-5288 J9 RES VET SCI JI Res. Vet. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 64 IS 3 BP 191 EP 194 DI 10.1016/S0034-5288(98)90123-0 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA ZZ911 UT WOS:000074781800003 PM 9690601 ER PT J AU Schumacher, HR AF Schumacher, HR TI Reactive arthritis SO RHEUMATIC DISEASE CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REITERS-SYNDROME; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; SYNOVIAL-MEMBRANE; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; LYMPHOCYTES INDICATE; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; DOUBLE-BLIND; DISEASE; PLACEBO AB Concepts about reactive arthritis are changing and must embrace consideration of the fact that bacteria or their products are present in the joint, not just at the portal of entry in the gastrointestinal (GI) or genitourinary (GU) tracts. With chlamydia-associated disease, atypical elementary bodies can be seen in synovium by electron microscopy, and nucleic acids, including RNA, can be found. It is not yet clear if bacterial nucleic acids are present in postenteric reactive arthritis and whether disease courses are predictably different after GI or GU infection. How bacteria are disseminated to joints and local factors, including cytokines that influence their persistence, are under study. Treatment with antibiotics may help some chlamydia-associated reactive arthritis but is not invariably effective. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Arthritis Immunol Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Schumacher, HR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Arthritis Immunol Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 90 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-857X J9 RHEUM DIS CLIN N AM JI Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 24 IS 2 BP 261 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-857X(05)70008-9 PG 14 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA ZN735 UT WOS:000073676700005 PM 9606758 ER PT J AU Netscher, DT Cohen, V AF Netscher, DT Cohen, V TI Ulnar nerve entrapment at the wrist: Cases from a hand surgery practice SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Background. Eight patients with 11 instances of wrist-level ulnar nerve entrapment, a fairly uncommon compression syndrome, were identified in a hand surgery practice from 1992 through 1996. Methods. Presentations, causes, and surgical outcomes were examined, and the pertinent literature was reviewed. Results. All eight patients had extrinsic, nonidiopathic compression of the ulnar nerve caused by tumor, vascular disease, anomalous muscle development, or a tight fibrous arch at the origin of the flexor digiti minimi. In all cases, sensory symptoms resolved with removal of the cause of ulnar nerve compression. Conclusions. These cases serve to remind physicians that not every instance of numbness and tingling in the hand represents carpal tunnel syndrome. Careful clinical examination may not only localize compression of the ulnar nerve at wrist level but also may reveal its etiology. Some causes of ulnar compressive neuropathy, however, are apparent only with surgical exploration. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Div Plast Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Netscher, DT (reprint author), 6560 Fannin,Suite 800, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 24 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 91 IS 5 BP 451 EP 456 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM757 UT WOS:000073572800008 PM 9598853 ER PT J AU Sazon, DA Hoo, GWS Santiago, S AF Sazon, DA Hoo, GWS Santiago, S TI Hemoptysis as the sole presentation of Pasteurella multocida infection SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PNEUMONIA AB Pasteurella multocida has been implicated as the cause of a variety of respiratory conditions leg, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema), but hemoptysis has been noted only in conjunction with other lung conditions. We report a case in which hemoptysis was the sole manifestation of Pasteurella infection. The patient was a middle-aged man with severe obstructive lung disease and exposure to cats. Diagnosis was made by bronchoscopy and high-dose penicillin was required for resolution. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect 111Q, Los Angeles, CA 90703 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Hoo, GWS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm & Crit Care Sect 111Q, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90703 USA. NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOUTHERN MEDICAL ASSN PI BIRMINGHAM PA 35 LAKESHORE DR PO BOX 190088, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35219 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTHERN MED J JI South.Med.J. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 91 IS 5 BP 484 EP 486 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA ZM757 UT WOS:000073572800017 PM 9598862 ER PT J AU Zittel, TT Lloyd, KC Rothenhofer, I Wong, H Walsh, JH Raybould, HE AF Zittel, TT Lloyd, KC Rothenhofer, I Wong, H Walsh, JH Raybould, HE TI Calcitonin gene-related peptide and spinal afferents partly mediate postoperative colonic ileus in the rat SO SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-P; INHIBITORY REFLEX; SENSORY NEURONS; SOLITARY TRACT; GASTRIC ILEUS; DORSAL HORN; CAPSAICIN; CGRP; SOMATOSTATIN; SURGERY AB Background. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a widely distributed neuropeptide contained in intrinsic and extrinsic neurons of the gastrointestinal wall that has been shown to be released by noxious stimulation, to be involved in nociception, to inhibit gastrointestinal motility and to partly mediate postoperative gastric ileus. Mie hypothesized that abdominal surgery-induced release of CGRP might inhibit postoperative colonic motility and food intake. Methods. Colonic transit, stool pellet number stool pellet weight, and food intake were measured for 48 hours after induction of postoperative ileus in rats. CGRP was immunoneutralized by preoperative injection of CGRP monoclonal antibody, or visceral afferent nerve fibers containing CGRP were functionally ablated by topical capsaicin treatment of the vagus nerves or of the celiac/superior mesenteric ganglia before abdominal surgery. Result. Abdominal surgery increased colonic transit time and decreased 24-hour cumulative stool pellet number stool pellet weight, and food intake. CGRP immunoneutralization reversed postoperative inhibition of colonic colonic transit, 24-hour cumulative stool pellet number; stool pellet weight, and food intake by 77%, 82%, 80%, and 52%, respectively. Whereas ablation of vagal afferent nerve fibers had no effect, spinal afferent nerve fiber ablation reversed postoperative inhibition of 24-hour cumulative stool pellet number stool pellet weight, and food intakes by 41%, 38%, and 19%, respectively. Conclusions. CGRP and spinal afferent nerve fibers partly mediate postoperative colonic ileus and inhibition of food intakes in the rat. By the magnitude of reversal of postoperative ileus; CGRP seems to be an important mediator of postoperative colonic ileus. Our results for the first time show involvement of a neuropeptide and spinal afferents in the mediation of postoperative colonic ileus and postoperative inhibition of food intake in rats. C1 Univ Tubingen, Dept Abdominal & Transplantat Surg, Chirurg Klin, Allgemeinchirurg Abt, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gastroenter Biol Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Zittel, TT (reprint author), Univ Tubingen, Dept Abdominal & Transplantat Surg, Chirurg Klin, Allgemeinchirurg Abt, Hoppe Seyler Str 3, D-72076 Tubingen, Germany. NR 47 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD MAY PY 1998 VL 123 IS 5 BP 518 EP 527 DI 10.1067/msy.1998.88090 PG 10 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA ZL762 UT WOS:000073468800005 PM 9591004 ER PT J AU Torre-Amione, G MacLellan, W Kapadia, S Weilbaecher, D Farmer, J Young, J Mann, D AF Torre-Amione, G MacLellan, W Kapadia, S Weilbaecher, D Farmer, J Young, J Mann, D TI Tumor necrosis factor-alpha is persistently expressed in cardiac allografts in the absence of histological or clinical evidence of rejection SO TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st International Symposium on Assessment of Acute Rejection and Allograft Coronary Disease CY JUL 11-12, 1997 CL THUN, SWITZERLAND ID FACTOR RECEPTORS; HEART; CYTOKINES; MYOCARDIUM C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Ctr Multiorgan Transplant, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Torre-Amione, G (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, SM1246,6550 Fannin, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0041-1345 J9 TRANSPLANT P JI Transplant. Proc. PD MAY PY 1998 VL 30 IS 3 BP 875 EP 877 DI 10.1016/S0041-1345(98)00083-9 PG 3 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA ZM172 UT WOS:000073511900079 PM 9595133 ER PT J AU Tasker, SA O'Brien, WA Treanor, JJ Weiss, PJ Olson, PE Kaplan, AH Wallace, MR AF Tasker, SA O'Brien, WA Treanor, JJ Weiss, PJ Olson, PE Kaplan, AH Wallace, MR TI Effects of influenza vaccination in HIV-infected adults: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; influenza vaccination; quantitative HIV-1 RNA measurement; CD4 lymphocytes ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; IMMUNIZATION; REPLICATION; TYPE-1; ACTIVATION; PLASMA; INDIVIDUALS; LYMPHOCYTES; CHILDREN AB Annual influenza vaccine is recommended for persons with HIV infection, Recent reports indicate that immunizations may increase HII replication in infected individuals, Forty-seven HIV-infected patients were randomized to influenza vaccine or saline placebo using a double blind study design, One month after-vaccination, plasma HIV-I RNA increased in the vaccinated but not placebo group (p=0.029) At 3 months, CD4% dropped an average of 1.6 points in the vaccinated group compared to an increase of 0.1 points in the placebo group (p = 0.039), Patients on stable antiretroviral regimens had CD4% drop an average of 2.3 points in the vaccinated group at 3 months versus 0.1 points in the placebo group (p = 0.015), It is concluded that HIV-infected patients are at risk for increased HIV replication and decreases in CD4% following influenza vaccination. Since influenza has not been associated with significant morbidity in this population, further study of routine influenza vaccination for HIV-infected patients is warranted. (C) 1998 Published by Elsevier-Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Div Clin Invest, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Infect Dis Unit, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. USN, Med Ctr, Environm & Prevent Med Unit 5, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Tasker, SA (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. NR 31 TC 70 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 16 IS 9-10 BP 1039 EP 1042 DI 10.1016/S0264-410X(97)00275-2 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA ZV083 UT WOS:000074266800028 PM 9682356 ER PT J AU de Virgilio, C Kirby, L Lewis, RJ Donayre, C Baker, JD White, R Stabile, BE AF de Virgilio, C Kirby, L Lewis, RJ Donayre, C Baker, JD White, R Stabile, BE TI Limited utility of dipyridamole-thallium for predicting adverse cardiac events after vascular surgery SO VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 68th Annual Session of the Pacific-Coast-Surgical-Association CY FEB 15-19, 1997 CL NAPA, CALIFORNIA SP Pacific Coast Surg Assoc ID PREOPERATIVE ASSESSMENT; SCINTIGRAPHY; RISK AB The objective of this retrospective study was to determine the value of dipyridamole-thallium (PTHAL) and Eagle criteria (Q wave on EGG, ventricular ectopy, diabetes, congestive heart failure, age greater than or equal to 70, angina) in predicting cardiac events after vascular surgery at a Veteran Affairs hospital. The main outcome measures were adverse cardiac events. Of 211 vascular procedures, 148 were performed without, and 63 performed with, preoperative PTHAL. Thirty-six patients had redistribution on PTHAL, but only two underwent preoperative coronary revascularization. There were 10 cardiac events (4.8%), five in each group (p=NS). Cardiac events were increased with greater than or equal to one Eagle criteria (6.7% vs 0% with no Eagle, p=0.04), but not with PTHAL redistribution. Conclusions: Prior to elective vascular surgery: (1) PTHAL redistribution did not predict cardiac events. (2) Cardiac morbidity was increased with greater than or equal to one Eagle criteria. (3) Cardiac testing is not indicated in patients without Eagle criteria. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP de Virgilio, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Box 25,1000 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. NR 7 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC PI GLEN HEAD PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 USA SN 0042-2835 J9 VASCULAR SURG JI Vasc. Surg. PD MAY-JUN PY 1998 VL 32 IS 3 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1177/153857449803200316 PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA ZN744 UT WOS:000073677700014 ER PT J AU Wang, L Martinez, V Barrachina, MD Tache, Y AF Wang, L Martinez, V Barrachina, MD Tache, Y TI Fos expression in the brain induced by peripheral injection of CCK or leptin plus CCK in fasted lean mice SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE devazepide; central nucleus of the amygdala; paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus; nucleus of the solitary tract; arcuate nucleus; fasting ID PARAVENTRICULAR HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEUS; C-FOS; FOOD-INTAKE; RAT-BRAIN; SYSTEMIC CHOLECYSTOKININ; MESSENGER-RNA; OB/OB MICE; NEURONS; RECEPTOR; AMYGDALA AB We previously reported a synergistic interaction between leptin and cholecystokinin (CCK) to reduce food intake through CCK-A receptors in lean mice fasted for 24 h. To identify the activated neuronal pathways, we investigated changes in Fos expression in brain nuclei 2 h after single or combined intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of leptin (120 mu g/kg) and sulfated CCK-8 (3.5 mu g/kg) in male lean mice (C57BL/6) fasted for 24 h using immunohistochemistry for Fos, the protein product of the early gene, c-fos. Leptin did not increase Fos expression in the brain compared with vehicle-treated mice. CCK increased the numbers of Fos-positive neurons in the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS)/area postrema (AP), central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) and, to a smaller extent, in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) (5.2-, 2.3- and 0.3-fold respectively). Injections of leptin-CCK further enhanced Fos expression by 40% in the PVN compared with that induced by CCK alone, but not in the other nuclei. Devazepide (a CCK-A receptor antagonist, 1 mg/kg, i.p.) prevented the increase in Fos expression induced by leptin-CCK in the PVN and by CCK alone in the PVN, CeA and NTS/AP. These results indicate that in fasted mice, i.p. injection of CCK increases Fos expression in specific brain nuclei through CCK-A receptors while leptin alone had no effect. Leptin in conjunction with CCK selectively enhanced Fos expression in the PVN. The PVN may be an important site mediating the synergistic effect of leptin-CCK to regulate food intake. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Dept Med, Bldg 115,Rm 117,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 30110, DK 41301]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH 00663] NR 62 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD APR 27 PY 1998 VL 791 IS 1-2 BP 157 EP 166 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)00091-2 PG 10 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA ZP929 UT WOS:000073802600019 PM 9593872 ER PT J AU Freedman, R AF Freedman, R TI Basic and clinical approaches to the genetics of deficits in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VAMC, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 1 BP 1S EP 1S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00102-4 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700003 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z Stallings, LE Speer, AM Teneback, C Vincent, DJ Bohning, DE Spicer, KM Cheng, KT Molloy, M Risch, SC George, MS AF Nahas, Z Stallings, LE Speer, AM Teneback, C Vincent, DJ Bohning, DE Spicer, KM Cheng, KT Molloy, M Risch, SC George, MS TI Perfusion SPECT studies of rTMS effects on blood flow in health and depression SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIMH, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 63 BP 19S EP 20S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90511-X PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700065 ER PT J AU Kanter, ED Peskind, ER Dobie, DJ Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA AF Kanter, ED Peskind, ER Dobie, DJ Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA TI Glucocorticoid feedback inhibition of the HPA axis in PTSD SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 180 BP 53S EP 53S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90628-X PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700182 ER PT J AU Green, MF AF Green, MF TI Moving beyond symptom reduction SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 201 BP 59S EP 59S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90649-7 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700203 ER PT J AU George, MS Nahas, Z Speer, AM Avery, D Molloy, M Risch, SC Lorberbaum, JP Bohning, DE Post, RM AF George, MS Nahas, Z Speer, AM Avery, D Molloy, M Risch, SC Lorberbaum, JP Bohning, DE Post, RM TI How does TMS improve depression? Current hints about the role of intensity, frequency, location and dose SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIMH, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 253 BP 76S EP 76S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90701-6 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700255 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z Speer, A Molloy, M Arana, GW Risch, SC George, MS AF Nahas, Z Speer, A Molloy, M Arana, GW Risch, SC George, MS TI Frequency and intensity in the antidepressant effect of left prefrontal rTMS SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIMH, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. NR 1 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 315 BP 94S EP 95S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90763-6 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700317 ER PT J AU Gerner, RH Kaufman, KR Rosen, R AF Gerner, RH Kaufman, KR Rosen, R TI Seizures associated with bupropion and SSRI co-therapy SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 329 BP 99S EP 99S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90777-6 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700331 ER PT J AU Gerner, RH Kaufman, KR Rosen, R AF Gerner, RH Kaufman, KR Rosen, R TI Seizures associated with bupropion and SSRIs & serum levels SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Psychiat, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Neurol, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 336 BP 101S EP 101S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90784-3 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700338 ER PT J AU Frazer, A Gould, G AF Frazer, A Gould, G TI Affinity of alpha(2) adrenoceptors in brain areas for mirtazapine SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Hosp Div, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 353 BP 106S EP 106S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90801-0 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700355 ER PT J AU Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP Yao, JK AF Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP Yao, JK TI Cigarette smoking and antioxidant status in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 374 BP 112S EP 113S DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)90822-8 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700376 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP McElhinny, LG Korbanic, CW AF Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP McElhinny, LG Korbanic, CW TI Reduced level of the antioxidant proteins in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 410 BP 123S EP 123S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700412 ER PT J AU Yao, JK van Kammen, DP Reddy, RD Kelley, ME AF Yao, JK van Kammen, DP Reddy, RD Kelley, ME TI Superoxide dismutase and negative symptoms in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 412 BP 123S EP 124S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700414 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP McElhinny, LG AF Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP McElhinny, LG TI Blood glutathione peroxidase and symptom severity in schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Western Psychiat Inst & Clin, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 43 SU 8 MA 411 BP 123S EP 123S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZJ674 UT WOS:000073240700413 ER PT J AU Aranda, R Byrne, FR Panwala, C Yakoub, G Sydora, BC Targan, SR Kronenberg, M AF Aranda, R Byrne, FR Panwala, C Yakoub, G Sydora, BC Targan, SR Kronenberg, M TI CD4+ cells found in the inflamed colon of SCID mice with colitis are oligoclonal. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 La Jolla Inst Allergy & Immunol, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G3778 BP A921 EP A921 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)83753-0 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089603752 ER PT J AU Ayub, K Anderson, S Anand, BS AF Ayub, K Anderson, S Anand, BS TI Response of chronic alcoholics with hepatitis C virus infection to interferon therapy: Preliminary results. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA L0032 BP A1206 EP A1206 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84894-4 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604892 ER PT J AU Chen, MC Yang, HT Walsh, JH Soll, AH AF Chen, MC Yang, HT Walsh, JH Soll, AH TI Helicobacter pylori urease activity induces tight junction injury in canine gastric mucosa monolayers. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0364 BP A89 EP A89 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)80361-2 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600361 ER PT J AU Chu, S Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Montrose, MH AF Chu, S Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Montrose, MH TI Surface pH of rat stomach is regulated by luminal pH and hormonal agonists. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0378 BP A93 EP A93 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600375 ER PT J AU Chu, S Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Montrose, MH AF Chu, S Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Montrose, MH TI Correlation of surface pH versus mucus gel thickness by in vivo confocal microscopy of rat gastric mucosa. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0377 BP A93 EP A93 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600374 ER PT J AU Coskun, T Gong, P Zong, Y Solomon, TE AF Coskun, T Gong, P Zong, Y Solomon, TE TI Exogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) does not stimulate pancreatic secretion through capsaicin-sensitive afferent or atropine-sensitive efferent vagal pathways in anesthetized rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Marmara Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, TR-81326 Istanbul, Turkey. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4656 BP A1138 EP A1138 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84626-X PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604626 ER PT J AU Coskun, T Gong, P Zong, Y Solomon, TE AF Coskun, T Gong, P Zong, Y Solomon, TE TI Endogenous cholecystokinin (CCK) does not stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion via capsaicin-sensitive afferent pathways in anesthetized rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Marmara Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, TR-81326 Istanbul, Turkey. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4655 BP A1137 EP A1137 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84625-8 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604625 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Gurer, IE Graham, DY Kim, JG AF El-Zimaity, HMT Gurer, IE Graham, DY Kim, JG TI The distribution of intestinal metaplasia in duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer, and gastric cancer in Korea questions current hypotheses regarding gastric cancer SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Korea Univ, Coll Med, Guro Hosp, Seoul 136701, South Korea. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX USA. RI Gurer, Inanc Elif/C-3042-2016 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G2423 BP A591 EP A591 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089602406 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Malaty, HM Graham, DY Gutierrez, O AF El-Zimaity, HMT Malaty, HM Graham, DY Gutierrez, O TI For biopsies targeted to the cardia, corpus, and antrum in gastric malt lymphoma. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Nacl Colombia, Hosp San Juan de Dios, Bogota, Colombia. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX USA. RI Gurer, Inanc Elif/C-3042-2016 NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 EI 1528-0012 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G2422 BP A591 EP A591 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089602405 ER PT J AU El-Zimaity, HMT Ota, H Graham, DY AF El-Zimaity, HMT Ota, H Graham, DY TI Diversity of mucin expression related to high iron diamine typing of intestinal metaplasia. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. VA Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G2421 BP A590 EP A590 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089602404 ER PT J AU Ennes, HS Young, SH Goliger, J McRoberts, J Mayer, EA AF Ennes, HS Young, SH Goliger, J McRoberts, J Mayer, EA TI Gap junction-mediated intercellular communication between DRG neurons and three target cell types. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4668 BP A1141 EP A1141 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84638-6 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604638 ER PT J AU Fullerton, S Anton, P Chang, L Naliboff, B Bernstein, CN Mayer, EA AF Fullerton, S Anton, P Chang, L Naliboff, B Bernstein, CN Mayer, EA TI Prevalence of extraintestinal symptoms in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Neuroenter Biol Grp, Digest Dis Res Ctr,CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0059 BP A15 EP A15 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600060 ER PT J AU Fullerton, S Mayer, EA AF Fullerton, S Mayer, EA TI International economic impact of functional gastrointestinal disorders. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Neuroenter Biol Grp, Digest Dis Res Ctr,CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0058 BP A15 EP A15 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600059 ER PT J AU Fullerton, S Naliboff, B Mayer, EA AF Fullerton, S Naliboff, B Mayer, EA TI Gender specific predictors of health care utilization for patients with irritable bowel syndrome. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Neuroenter Biol Grp, Digest Dis Res Ctr,CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0057 BP A14 EP A14 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)80058-9 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600058 ER PT J AU Gong, PX Reeve, JR Walsh, JH Zong, YM Ho, FJ Solomon, TE AF Gong, PX Reeve, JR Walsh, JH Zong, YM Ho, FJ Solomon, TE TI Comparison of secretin-NH2, secretin-Gly, and secretin-OH on pancreatic and gastric secretion indicates the existence of a secretin receptor subtype. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4693 BP A1146 EP A1146 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84663-5 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604662 ER PT J AU Gong, PX Walsh, JH Zong, YM Solomon, TE AF Gong, PX Walsh, JH Zong, YM Solomon, TE TI Physiological doses of secretin inhibit only very low levels of stimulated gastric acid secretion in urethane anesthetized rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CURE Dig Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dig Dis Div, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0556 BP A136 EP A136 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)80553-2 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600553 ER PT J AU Gschossmann, JM Miller, JC Mayer, EA AF Gschossmann, JM Miller, JC Mayer, EA TI Evidence for role of vagal innervation in activation of opioidergic antinociceptive systems in response to colorectal distension (CRD) in rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4698 BP A1148 EP A1148 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604671 ER PT J AU Gschossmann, JM Mayer, EA AF Gschossmann, JM Mayer, EA TI Role of spinal receptors for NMDA, NK-1 and CGRP in visceral pain response to colorectal distension (CRD). SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA CURE Neoroenter Dis Program, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA CURE Neoroenter Dis Program, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4699 BP A1148 EP A1148 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604668 ER PT J AU Gschossmann, JM Miller, JC Plourde, V Wong, HC Walsh, JH Mayer, EA AF Gschossmann, JM Miller, JC Plourde, V Wong, HC Walsh, JH Mayer, EA TI Involvement of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in the development of acute visceral hyperalgesia in the rat. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Montreal, Andre Viallet Clin Res Ctr, Neurobiol & Digest Motil Unit, Montreal, PQ, Canada. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G3123 BP A757 EP A757 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)83099-0 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089603099 ER PT J AU Gschossmann, JM Goliger, J Raybould, HE Ennes, H Young, SH Mayer, EA AF Gschossmann, JM Goliger, J Raybould, HE Ennes, H Young, SH Mayer, EA TI Mechanically-induced calcium transients in DRG neurons are amiloride sensitive. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G3124 BP A758 EP A758 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)83100-4 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089603100 ER PT J AU Klein, PD Malaty, HM Graham, DY Czinn, S Emmons, S Martin, R AF Klein, PD Malaty, HM Graham, DY Czinn, S Emmons, S Martin, R TI Urea hydrolysis rate (UHR) calculation normalizes the 13C-urea breath test for age, sex, height, and weight. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Meretek Diagnost Inc, Nashville, TN USA. Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Cleveland, OH USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Marchern Associates Inc, Concord, MA USA. Meretek Diagnost Inc, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0731 BP A179 EP A179 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)80725-7 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600725 ER PT J AU Kumagai, T Hosogaya, S Misawa, K Furihata, K Ota, H Sei, C Tanaka, E Akamatsu, T Shimizu, T Kiyosawa, K Katsuyama, T AF Kumagai, T Hosogaya, S Misawa, K Furihata, K Ota, H Sei, C Tanaka, E Akamatsu, T Shimizu, T Kiyosawa, K Katsuyama, T TI Acquisition and loss of Helicobacter pylori infection in Japan: Results from an 8-year birth cohort study. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Shinshu Univ, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Matsumoto, Nagano, Japan. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G0779 BP A190 EP A190 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)80773-7 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089600773 ER PT J AU Munakata, J Silverman, DHS Naliboff, B Liu, M Chang, L Mandelkern, M Mayer, EA AF Munakata, J Silverman, DHS Naliboff, B Liu, M Chang, L Mandelkern, M Mayer, EA TI Altered cortical and subcortical brain activation associated with autonomic responses to visceral pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4773 BP A1167 EP A1167 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84743-4 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604746 ER PT J AU Obhrai, JS Anand, BS AF Obhrai, JS Anand, BS TI Assessment of fatigue in chronic liver disease. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA L0473 BP A1314 EP A1314 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)85331-6 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089605331 ER PT J AU Ohning, GV Curi, A Lyu, RM Zeng, N Wong, HC Sachs, G Walsh, JH Pisegna, JR AF Ohning, GV Curi, A Lyu, RM Zeng, N Wong, HC Sachs, G Walsh, JH Pisegna, JR TI PACAP stimulates gastric acid secretion during somatostatin immunoneutralization in rats. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4788 BP A1170 EP A1171 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84758-6 PN 2 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604756 ER PT J AU Realdi, G Dore, MP Carta, M Atzei, A Manca, A Piana, A Idda, M Are, B Massarelli, G Mura, I Maida, A Sepulveda, AR Graham, DY AF Realdi, G Dore, MP Carta, M Atzei, A Manca, A Piana, A Idda, M Are, B Massarelli, G Mura, I Maida, A Sepulveda, AR Graham, DY TI Failure of Bazzoli's regimen (omeprazole-metronidazole-clarithromycin) therapy for H-pylori infection in Sardinia. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med, Inst Hyg & Prevent Med, Sassari, Italy. Univ Med, Inst Histopathol, Sassari, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Univ Med, Inst Internal Med, Sassari, Italy. NR 0 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G1091 BP A266 EP A266 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089601081 ER PT J AU Reeve, JR Gong, PX Coskun, T Zong, YM Ho, FJ Solomon, TE AF Reeve, JR Gong, PX Coskun, T Zong, YM Ho, FJ Solomon, TE TI Comparison of synthetic rat CCK-58 and CCK-8 reveals dissociation of pancreatic fluid and enzyme secretion and greater potency of CCK-58 in vivo. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE Dig Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4801 BP A1174 EP A1174 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84771-9 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604774 ER PT J AU Savard, CE Blinman, TA Pandol, SJ Lee, SP AF Savard, CE Blinman, TA Pandol, SJ Lee, SP TI Lipopolysaccharide stimulates cytokine production by mouse gallbladder epithelial cells. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Seattle VA Med Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR 15 PY 1998 VL 114 IS 4 SU S MA G4411 BP A1077 EP A1077 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)84382-5 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA ZH263 UT WOS:000073089604382 ER EF