FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Sugawara, M Sugawara, Y Wen, K AF Sugawara, M Sugawara, Y Wen, K TI Methimazole and propylthiouracil increase cellular thyroid peroxidase activity and thyroid peroxidase mRNA in cultured porcine thyroid follicles SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; FRTL-5 CELLS; RAT; THYROTROPIN; DNA; IODINATION; METABOLISM; INVITRO; INVIVO; DRUGS AB Methimazole (MMI) and propylthiouracil (PTU) are common antithyroid drugs for treating hyperthyroidism because the 2 drugs inhibit thyroid peroxidase (TPO)-catalyzed thyroid hormone formation. We studied whether the 2 drugs actually inhibit cellular TPO activity in cultured porcine follicles. Porcine follicles were cultured in the presence of 1 mU/mL thyrotropin (TSH) for 7 days. Then follicles were exposed to MMI or PTU in the presence of 0.1 mu M Kl for 2 days. TPO activity was measured in the 100,000 x g-pellet of the thyroid sonicate by the guaiacol oxidation method. Exposure to MMI (1 mu M and 10 mu M) or PTU (10 mu M and 100 mu M) for 2 days caused a significant increase in cellular TPO activity; 100 mu M MMI inhibited cellular TPO activity. The presence of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-generating system (forskolin) in TSH-free medium increased MMI-mediated TPO activity. Cyclohexamide inhibited MMI-mediated TPO activation, indicating that new protein synthesis is required for increased TPO activity. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) showed an increase in TPO mRNA by PTU or MMI. In conclusion, MMI and PTU at therapeutic concentrations can increase TPO mRNA and cellular TPO activity, although the 2 drugs inhibit the TPO-H2O2-mediated catalytic reaction. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res & Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Sugawara, M (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res & Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, 111M,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 27 TC 10 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD MAY PY 1999 VL 9 IS 5 BP 513 EP 518 DI 10.1089/thy.1999.9.513 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 200AA UT WOS:000080515200015 PM 10365684 ER PT J AU Yip, I Heber, D Aronson, W AF Yip, I Heber, D Aronson, W TI Nutrition and prostate cancer SO UROLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; KINASE-ACTIVITY; FATTY-ACIDS; CELL-LINES; VITAMIN-D; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; INDUCED APOPTOSIS; BETA-CAROTENE; NIH-3T3 CELLS; NUDE-MICE AB Scientific evidence suggests that differences in the diet may, in large part, account for the variability of prostate cancer rates around the world. Epidemiologic studies and animal experiments have yielded compelling results to warrant clinical intervention studies on nutrition from scientists who work on the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer. This article reviews the most recent evidence as to possible mechanisms of action of various dietary constituents, and explores evidence of various nutritional strategies for the prevention of prostate cancer progression. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Div Clin Nutr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Urol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yip, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Div Clin Nutr, Sch Med, 900 Vet Ave,Warren Hall,Rm 12-217, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 94 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0094-0143 J9 UROL CLIN N AM JI Urol. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 403 EP + DI 10.1016/S0094-0143(05)70079-3 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 196VH UT WOS:000080328100015 PM 10361562 ER PT J AU Bent, S AF Bent, S TI Adulterants in herbal products: dangerous and deceitful - Comment SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CONTROLLED TRIAL; CHINESE C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Bent, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CARDEN JENNINGS PUBL CO LTD PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA BLAKE CTR, STE 200, 1224 W MAIN ST, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA SN 0093-0415 J9 WESTERN J MED JI West. J. Med. PD MAY PY 1999 VL 170 IS 5 BP 259 EP 260 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 203DV UT WOS:000080693100007 PM 18751139 ER PT J AU Christie, JD Bellini, LM Rosen, IM Asch, DA AF Christie, JD Bellini, LM Rosen, IM Asch, DA TI Self-prescribing by physicians - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Christie, JD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 28 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 16 BP 1489 EP 1490 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 188PP UT WOS:000079857400025 ER PT J AU Saint, S Lipsky, BA AF Saint, S Lipsky, BA TI Preventing catheter-related bacteriuria - Should we? Can we? How? SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID URINARY-TRACT INFECTIONS; NURSING-HOME PATIENTS; DAILY MEATAL CARE; URETHRAL CATHETERIZATION; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; ANTIMICROBIAL PROPHYLAXIS; INFRAVESICAL OBSTRUCTION; TRANSURETHRAL RESECTION; PERIODIC INSTILLATIONS AB Up to 25% of hospitalized patients undergo urinary catheterization, and about 5% develop bacteriuria each day of catheterization, Catheter-related bacteriuria is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. We performed an evidence-based synthesis of the literature on preventing catheter-associated urinary tract infections (UTIs) to develop recommendations for clinicians. Catheterization should be avoided when not required and when needed, should be terminated as soon as possible. Use of suprapubic and condom catheters may be associated with a lower risk of UTI than use of urethral catheters, Aseptic catheter insertion and a properly maintained closed drainage system are crucial to reducing the risk of bacteriuria, Instillation of antimicrobial agents into the bladder or urinary drainage bag and rigorous meatal cleansing seem to be of little benefit. Use of urinary catheters coated with silver alloy may reduce the risk of UTI, Systemic antimicrobial drug therapy seems to prevent UTIs, but primarily for patients catheterized for 3 to 14 days. Antibiotic drug prophylaxis is especially valuable in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate or renal transplantation. Using these methods, urinary catheter-associated UTI can often be prevented for weeks, but not longer terms. C1 Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Taubman Ctr 3116, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Clin, Seattle, WA USA. RP Saint, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Taubman Ctr 3116, Dept Internal Med, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 103 TC 150 Z9 154 U1 0 U2 18 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD APR 26 PY 1999 VL 159 IS 8 BP 800 EP 808 DI 10.1001/archinte.159.8.800 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 189CX UT WOS:000079887500003 PM 10219925 ER PT J AU Leuchter, AF Uijtdehaage, SHJ Cook, IA O'Hara, R Mandelkern, M AF Leuchter, AF Uijtdehaage, SHJ Cook, IA O'Hara, R Mandelkern, M TI Relationship between brain electrical activity and cortical perfusion in normal subjects SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article DE cerebral perfusion; quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG); positron emission tomography (PET); cordance; normal subjects ID CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; QUANTITATIVE EEG; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; OXYGEN-METABOLISM; ENERGY-METABOLISM; INFARCTION; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; FREQUENCY AB Cerebral glucose uptake and perfusion are accepted as tightly coupled measures of energy utilization in both normal and diseased brain. The coupling of brain electrical activity to perfusion has been demonstrated, however, only in the presence of chronic brain disease. Very few studies have examined the relationship between cerebral electrical activity and energy utilization in normal brain tissue. To clarify this relationship, we performed 33 (H2O)-O-15-positron emission tomography (PET) scans in six normal subjects both at rest and during a simple motor task, and acquired surface-recorded quantitative electroencephalogram (QEEG) data simultaneously with isotope injection. We examined the associations between cerebral perfusion directly underlying each recording electrode and three QEEG measures (absolute power, relative power, and cordance). All EEG measures had moderately strong; coupling with perfusion at most frequency bands, although the directions of the associations differed from those previously reported in subjects with stroke or dementia. Of the three QEEG measures examined, cordance had the strongest relationship with perfusion (multiple R-2 = 0.58). Cordance and PET were equally effective in detecting lateralized activation associated with the motor task, while EEG power did not detect this activation. Electrodes in the concordant state had a significantly higher mean perfusion than those in the discordant state. These results indicate that normal brain electrical activity has a moderately strong association with cerebral perfusion. Cordance may be the most useful QEEG measure for monitoring cerebral perfusion in subjects without chronic brain disease. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Quantitat EEG Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Medicat Dev Res Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Leuchter, AF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Quantitat EEG Lab, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. OI Uijtdehaage, Sebastian/0000-0001-8598-4683 FU NIDA NIH HHS [1YO1 DA50038]; NIMH NIH HHS [1KO2 MH01165, 1RO1 MH40705] NR 47 TC 102 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD APR 26 PY 1999 VL 90 IS 2 BP 125 EP 140 DI 10.1016/S0925-4927(99)00006-2 PG 16 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 202AY UT WOS:000080631000005 PM 10482384 ER PT J AU Shores, MM White, SS Veith, RC Szot, P AF Shores, MM White, SS Veith, RC Szot, P TI Tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA is increased in old age and norepinephrine uptake transporter mRNA is decreased in middle age in locus coeruleus of Brown-Norway rats SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE aging; norepinephrine transporter; tyrosine hydroxylase; locus coeruleus; Brown-Norway rat ID MESSENGER-RNA; NORADRENERGIC NEURONS; CERULEUS NEURONS; RELEASE; BRAIN; NORADRENALINE; HYPOTHALAMUS; NEUROTRANSMITTER; RESTORATION; PROJECTIONS AB In normal aging, cell loss occurs in the locus coeruleus (LC), the major noradrenergic nucleus in the brain. This study examined changes in the LC of aged rats by measuring mRNA expression for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and the norepinephrine uptake transporter (NET). TH and NET mRNA expression were measured by in situ hybridization in young, middle-aged and aged rats. It appears that in middle age, the transporter system responds initially to LC cell loss by decreasing NET mRNA expression. Then, with further aging and cell loss, TH mRNA expression increases which may potentially increase NE synthesis in the remaining neurons. These findings suggest that multiple regulatory components are used to maintain stable noradrenergic synaptic levels despite neuronal loss. Published by Elsevier Science B.V. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Shores, MM (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, 1660 S Columbian Way 182B, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 31 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD APR 24 PY 1999 VL 826 IS 1 BP 143 EP 147 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01200-7 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 191VH UT WOS:000080041900017 PM 10216207 ER PT J AU Montgomery, RB Guzman, J Stahl, WL AF Montgomery, RB Guzman, J Stahl, WL TI Constitutive epidermal growth factor receptor kinase activity induces paclitaxel resistance and alters beta-tubulin isotype expression. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound HCS, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR 23 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 7 SU S BP A1481 EP A1481 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QX UT WOS:000082033400914 ER PT J AU Holloway, RG Vickrey, BG Keran, CM Lesser, E Iverson, D Larson, W Swarztrauber, K AF Holloway, RG Vickrey, BG Keran, CM Lesser, E Iverson, D Larson, W Swarztrauber, K TI US neurologists in the 1990s - Trends in practice characteristics SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CARE; MANAGEMENT; REFORM AB Background: The American Academy of Neurology (AAN) conducts periodic surveys of its members to profile and monitor changes in the characteristics of US neurologists and their practices. Objective: To assess neurologists' characteristics, geographic distribution, practice arrangements, professional activities, practice volume, procedures performed, sources of revenue, involvement with managed care and capitation, and other selected topics. Methods: The AAN Member Census survey was sent to US neurologists in the fall of 1996 (response rate = 89%), and the Practice Profile survey was sent to a random sample of 1,986 US neurologists in the summer of 1997 (response rate = 55%) who had completed a Member Census survey. The results of the Practice Profile survey were compared with those of two prior surveys conducted in 1991 to 1992 and 1993 to 1994. Results: The mean age of US neurologists is 48 years, 18% are women, 93% are US citizens, and 24% are international medical graduates. The proportion of neurologists in solo practices, group practices, and medical schools/universities has not changed. The weekly hours worked has remained stable (58 hours), but the time spent in administrative activities has increased (p < 0.001). The average number of patient visits per week to neurologists appears to have increased (p < 0.001), as has the proportion of neurologists performing procedures (p < 0.05). The majority of neurologists have contracts with managed care organizations (82%), and a minority (32%) have capitated payment arrangements. Medicare continues to be the largest source of clinical revenue. Nearly 50% of all respondents have experience in developing clinical practice guidelines or critical pathways, and >20% of respondents employed physician extenders to assist in their practices. Conclusion: Neurologists are spending more time in administrative activities, are performing or interpreting more procedures, and are seeing more patients. Neurologists' involvement with capitation is comparable with that in a nationally representative sample of physicians, and they are exploring innovative ways, such as developing practice guidelines and using physician extenders, to improve the quality and efficiency of providing neurologic care. C1 Univ Rochester, Dept Neurol & Community & Prevent Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Amer Acad Neurol, St Paul, MN USA. Fdn Med Partners, Nashua, NH USA. Humboldt Neurol Med Grp, Eureka, CA USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Univ Los Angeles, Ctr Study Hlth Care Provider Behav, W Los Angeles Vet Adm, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Holloway, RG (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Neurol, 1351 Mt Hope Profess Bldg,Suite 220, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR 22 PY 1999 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1353 EP 1361 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 189KG UT WOS:000079903200009 PM 10227617 ER PT J AU Yee, AS Simon, JH Anderson, CA Sze, CI Filley, CM AF Yee, AS Simon, JH Anderson, CA Sze, CI Filley, CM TI Diffusion-weighted MRI of right-hemisphere dysfunction in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Yee, AS (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Box 182,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 7 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD APR 22 PY 1999 VL 52 IS 7 BP 1514 EP 1515 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 189KG UT WOS:000079903200043 PM 10227651 ER PT J AU Choundhury, GG Kim, YS Simon, M Wozney, J Harris, S Ghosh-Choundhury, N Abboud, HE AF Choundhury, GG Kim, YS Simon, M Wozney, J Harris, S Ghosh-Choundhury, N Abboud, HE TI Bone morphogenetic protein 2 inhibits platelet-derived growth factor-induced c-fos gene transcription and DNA synthesis in mesangial cells - Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES; FAMILY MEDIATOR SMAD1; TGF-BETA; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; EYE DEVELOPMENT; MAP KINASE; BMP; DIFFERENTIATION; KIDNEY; NUCLEUS AB Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play an important role in nephrogenesis. The biologic effect and mechanism of action of these proteins in the adult kidney has not yet been studied. We investigated the effect of BMP2, a member of these growth and differentiation factors, on mitogenic signal transduction pathways induced by platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in glomerular mesangial cells. PDGF is a growth and survival factor for these cells in vitro and in vivo. Incubation of mesangial cells with increasing concentrations of BMP2 inhibited PDGF-induced DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner with maximum inhibition at 250 ng/ml. Immune complex tyrosine kinase assay of PDGF receptor beta immunoprecipitates from lysates of mesangial cells treated with PDGF showed no inhibitory effect of BMP2 on PDGF receptor tyrosine phosphorylation, This indicates that the inhibition of DNA synthesis is likely due to postreceptor events. However, BMP2 significantly inhibited PDGF-stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity that phosphorylates the Elk-1 transcription factor, a component of the ternary complex factor. Using a fusion protein-based reporter assay, we also show that BMP2 blocks PDGF-induced Elk-1-mediated transcription. Furthermore, we demonstrate that BMP2 inhibits PDGF-induced transcription of c-fos gene, a natural target of Elk-1 that normally forms a ternary complex that activates the serum response element of the c-fos gene. These data provide the first evidence that in mesangial cells, BMP2 signaling cross-talks with MAPK-based transcriptional events to inhibit PDGF-induced DNA synthesis. One target for this inhibition is the early response gene c-fos. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Inst Genet, Cambridge, MA 01810 USA. RP Choundhury, GG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR44728]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 50190, DK43988] NR 52 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 16 BP 10897 EP 10902 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 186VV UT WOS:000079751900035 PM 10196167 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JC Butler, JA Marsh, AM Ross, CA Norris, JM AF Deutsch, JC Butler, JA Marsh, AM Ross, CA Norris, JM TI Rapid mass spectrometric analysis for ascorbate and related organic acids in small volumes of plasma for use in pediatric subjects SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B LA English DT Article DE ascorbic acid; vitamins ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; COULOMETRIC ELECTROCHEMICAL DETECTION; DEHYDROASCORBIC ACID; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; VITAMIN-C AB A gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric isotope dilution method was developed for analysis of ascorbate on 10 mu l samples of plasma. This assay was reproducible (standard deviation of less than 4%) and gave values for plasma ascorbate content within 8% of our previously published gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method. Non-specific sample preparation allowed other analytes to be determined on the same sample by adjusting data acquisition parameters and adding the appropriate internal standard. Analysis on 28 subjects fell within the expected range for plasma ascorbate 68+/-29 mu m (11.9+/-5.0 mu g/ml) and established a normal range for plasma threonate of 28.1+/-2.4 mu m (3.8+/-0.4 mu g/ml). (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Hematol, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Deutsch, JC (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Hematol, Dept Med, 4200 E 9th Ave,Campus Box B-170, Denver, CO 80220 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01DK49654] NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD APR 16 PY 1999 VL 726 IS 1-2 BP 79 EP 84 DI 10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00030-4 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 191XC UT WOS:000080046100009 PM 10348173 ER PT J AU Freedman, R Adler, LE Gault, J Harris, JG Nagamoto, HT Olincy, A Ross, RG Stevens, K Waldo, M Leonard, S AF Freedman, R Adler, LE Gault, J Harris, JG Nagamoto, HT Olincy, A Ross, RG Stevens, K Waldo, M Leonard, S TI Parsing the phenotype of schizophrenia: Deficits in inhibitory mechanisms SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 22 BP 7S EP 7S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600024 ER PT J AU Amin, F Calkin, PA Silverman, JM Smith, CJ Densmore, D Siever, LJ AF Amin, F Calkin, PA Silverman, JM Smith, CJ Densmore, D Siever, LJ TI Dopamine and anhedonia in relatives of schizophrenic probands SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx VA Med Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 111 BP 35S EP 35S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600111 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z McConnell, K Collins, S Molloy, M Oliver, NC Risch, SC Christie, S Arana, GW George, MS AF Nahas, Z McConnell, K Collins, S Molloy, M Oliver, NC Risch, SC Christie, S Arana, GW George, MS TI Could left prefrontal rTMS modify negative symptoms and attention in schizophrenia? SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 120 BP 37S EP 37S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600120 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z Speer, AM Molloy, M Oliver, NC Arana, GW Ballenger, JC Risch, SC George, MS AF Nahas, Z Speer, AM Molloy, M Oliver, NC Arana, GW Ballenger, JC Risch, SC George, MS TI Role of stimulation frequency in the antidepressant effect of left prefrontal rTMS SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIMH, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 256 BP 79S EP 80S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600256 ER PT J AU Hamner, MB Ulmer, HG Horne, DF George, MS Arana, GW AF Hamner, MB Ulmer, HG Horne, DF George, MS Arana, GW TI Procaine administration in posttraumatic stress disorder: A pilot study of tolerability SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 295 BP 90S EP 91S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600294 ER PT J AU George, MS Insel, T Leckman, J Lorberbaum, J Baxter, LR Schlaepfer, T MacLean, PA AF George, MS Insel, T Leckman, J Lorberbaum, J Baxter, LR Schlaepfer, T MacLean, PA TI The limbic system in complex mammalian behaviors: Studies stemming from the life work of Dr. Paul MacLean SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Funct Neuroimaging Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. Emory Univ, Yerkes Primate Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Yale Univ, Ctr Child Study, New Haven, CT USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Psychiat, Birmingham, AL USA. Univ Bern, Psychiat Neuroimaging Grp, NIMH, Bern, Switzerland. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 316 BP 97S EP 97S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600315 ER PT J AU Arciniegas, D Olincy, A Topkoff, J McRae, K Cawthra, E Reite, ML Adler, LE AF Arciniegas, D Olincy, A Topkoff, J McRae, K Cawthra, E Reite, ML Adler, LE TI Impaired auditory gating following traumatic brain injury SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Res Inst, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 388 BP 120S EP 121S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600387 ER PT J AU Lorberbaum, JP George, MS Johnson, MR Emmanuel, NP Book, SW Mintzer, O Morton, A Nahas, Z Bohning, DE Vincent, D Shastri, A Hamner, M Arana, GW Ballenger, JC Lydiard, RB AF Lorberbaum, JP George, MS Johnson, MR Emmanuel, NP Book, SW Mintzer, O Morton, A Nahas, Z Bohning, DE Vincent, D Shastri, A Hamner, M Arana, GW Ballenger, JC Lydiard, RB TI Feasibility of using fMRI in social phobics undergoing a public speaking task SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 429 BP 132S EP 133S PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600428 ER PT J AU Tenebank, CC Nahas, N Speer, AM Molloy, LM Stallings, LE Vincent, DJ Bohning, DE Spicer, KM Cheng, KT Risch, SC George, MS AF Tenebank, CC Nahas, N Speer, AM Molloy, LM Stallings, LE Vincent, DJ Bohning, DE Spicer, KM Cheng, KT Risch, SC George, MS TI Paralimbic activity declines with depression severity and improves with TMS response SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NIMH, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIMH, Biol Psychiat Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 428 BP 132S EP 132S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600427 ER PT J AU Tsuang, D Larson, EB Bowen, J McCormick, M Teri, L Nochlin, D Leverenz, J Peskind, ER Lim, A Raskind, M Thompson, ML Mirra, S Gearing, M Schellenberg, G Kukull, W AF Tsuang, D Larson, EB Bowen, J McCormick, M Teri, L Nochlin, D Leverenz, J Peskind, ER Lim, A Raskind, M Thompson, ML Mirra, S Gearing, M Schellenberg, G Kukull, W TI The utility of apolipoprotein E genotyping in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in a community-based case series SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 445 BP 138S EP 138S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600444 ER PT J AU Koenigsberg, HW Siever, LJ New, AS Mitropoulou, V Harvey, P Bergman, A AF Koenigsberg, HW Siever, LJ New, AS Mitropoulou, V Harvey, P Bergman, A TI Affective instability in the personality disorders SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Bronx Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 8 SU S MA 451 BP 140S EP 140S PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 189NN UT WOS:000079911600450 ER PT J AU Bastian, LS Kwiatkowski, BA Breininger, J Danner, S Roth, G AF Bastian, LS Kwiatkowski, BA Breininger, J Danner, S Roth, G TI Regulation of the megakaryocytic glycoprotein IX promoter by the oncogenic Ets transcription factor Fli-1 SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID C-MPL LIGAND; IIB GENE; 5'-FLANKING REGION; EXPRESSION; FAMILY; GATA; BINDING; MEMBER; ALPHA; CELLS AB Glycoprotein (GP) IX is a subunit of the von Willebrand receptor, GPIb-V-IX, which mediates adhesion of platelets to the subendothelium of damaged blood vessels. Previous characterization of the GPIX promoter identified a functional Ets site that, when disrupted, reduced promoter activity. However, the Ets protein(s) that regulated GPIX promoter expression was unknown. In this study, transient cotransfection of several GPIX promoter/reporter constructs into 293T kidney fibroblasts with a Fli-1 expression vector shows that the oncogenic protein Fli-1 can transactivate the GPIX promoter when an intact GPIX Ets site is present. In addition, Fli-1 binding of the GPIX Ets site was identified in antibody supershift experiments in nuclear extracts derived from hematopoietic human erythroleukemia cells. Comparative studies showed that Fli-1 was also able to transactivate the GPIb alpha and, to a lesser extent, the GPIIb promoter. Immunoblot analysis identified Fli-1 protein in lysates derived from platelets. In addition, expression of Fli-1 was identified immunohistochemically in megakaryocytes derived from CD34(+) cells treated with the megakaryocyte differentiation and proliferation factor, thrombopoietin. These results suggest that Fli-1 is likely to regulate lineage-specific genes during megakaryocytopoiesis. (C) 1999 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hematol Sect, Med Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hematol Sect, Res Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Hematol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Dept Oncol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Roth, G (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hematol Sect, Med Serv, M-S 111,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL39947, F32 HL09265]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01-DK49855-01] NR 55 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 19TH ST, NW, STE 300, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2422 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 93 IS 8 BP 2637 EP 2644 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 184YY UT WOS:000079642400024 PM 10194443 ER PT J AU Stone, E Heagerty, P Vittinghoff, E Douglas, JM Koblin, BA Mayer, KH Celum, CL Gross, M Woody, GE Marmor, M Seage, GR Buchbinder, SP AF Stone, E Heagerty, P Vittinghoff, E Douglas, JM Koblin, BA Mayer, KH Celum, CL Gross, M Woody, GE Marmor, M Seage, GR Buchbinder, SP TI Correlates of condom failure in a sexually active cohort of men who have sex with men SO JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE condoms; condom failure; gay; anal sex; lubricant; HIV; SES; amphetamines; poppers ID HOMOSEXUAL MEN; VAGINAL INTERCOURSE; UNITED-STATES; LATEX CONDOMS; BREAKAGE; SLIPPAGE; BEHAVIOR; RISK; EXPERIENCE; LUBRICANTS AB Condom failure (slippage or breakage) has been shown to be associated with HIV seroconversion among men who have sex with men (MSM), but predictors of failure have been poorly elucidated. Of 2592 HIV-seronegative MSM participants in the HIV Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET) multisite Vaccine Preparedness Study who reported condom use for anal sex in the 6 months before enrollment, condom failure was reported by 16.6%, with failure rates of 2.1/100 episodes of condom usage (2.5 failures/100 episodes for receptive anal sex and 1.9/100 episodes for insertive anal sex). In separate multivariate models evaluating predictors of condom failure reported by the insertive and receptive partners, more frequent condom use was associated with a decreased per-condom failure rate and amphetamine and heavy alcohol use with increased rates in both models. Being employed, having private medical insurance, and using lubricants for >80% of anal sex acts were significantly associated with decreased failure rates in the insertive model. Safer sex counseling should particularly target men of lower socioeconomic status, promote proper and consistent use of condoms with appropriate lubricants, and address the impact of drug use, especially amphetamines and alcohol, on condom failure. C1 Permanente Med Grp, Oakland, CA USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, HIVNET Stat Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Denver Dept Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. New York Blood Ctr, Lab Epidemiol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Fenway Community Hlth Ctr, Boston, MA USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. ABT Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NYU, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10016 USA. Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. RP Buchbinder, SP (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, 25 Van Ness Ave,Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. OI Marmor, Michael/0000-0001-6605-2661 FU PHS HHS [N01-A1-35176, N01-A1-45200] NR 32 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1077-9450 J9 J ACQ IMMUN DEF SYND JI J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 20 IS 5 BP 495 EP 501 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 189EX UT WOS:000079892400013 PM 10225233 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Park, RE AF Shekelle, PG Park, RE TI Carotid endarterectomy SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Rand Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 340 IS 15 BP 1210 EP 1210 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 185TZ UT WOS:000079687700019 PM 10206847 ER PT J AU Rosen, RH Lenz, J Rose, S Rabkin, J Corless, CL Chou, S AF Rosen, RH Lenz, J Rose, S Rabkin, J Corless, CL Chou, S TI Donor polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) genes associated with variable severity of hepatitis C (HCV) recurrence following liver transplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Med Pathol & Liver Transplantat, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Prometheus Labs, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD APR 15 PY 1999 VL 67 IS 7 MA 33 BP S15 EP S15 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 189ND UT WOS:000079910700061 ER PT J AU Johansen, KL Mulligan, K Schambelan, M AF Johansen, KL Mulligan, K Schambelan, M TI Anabolic effects of nandrolone decanoate in patients receiving dialysis - A randomized controlled trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID HUMAN GROWTH-HORMONE; CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; MAINTENANCE HEMODIALYSIS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; SERUM-LIPOPROTEIN; BODY-COMPOSITION; CAPD PATIENTS; RISK FACTOR AB Context Patients receiving dialysis commonly experience malnutrition, reduced muscle mass (sarcopenia), and fatigue for which no effective treatment has been identified. Anabolic steroids are known to increase muscle mass and strength in healthy individuals, but their effect on the sarcopenia and fatigue associated with long-term dialysis has not been evaluated. Objective To assess the effects of an anabolic steroid, nandrolone decanoate, on lean body mass (LBM), functional status, and quality of life in dialysis patients. Design Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted between April 1996 and July 1997. Setting Hospital-based outpatient dialysis unit. Patients Twenty-nine patients undergoing dialysis for at least 3 months. Intervention Nandrolone decanoate, 100 mg (n = 14), or placebo (n = 15) by intramuscular injection once a week for 6 months. Main Outcome Measures Weight, LBM, fatigue, grip strength, walking and stair-climbing times, and treadmill performance after 3 and 6 months of treatment. Results Lean body mass increased significantly in patients given nandrolone compared with patients given placebo (mean change [SD], +4.5 [2.3] kg; P<.001 compared with baseline). This effect was significantly greater than the change in LBM in the placebo group (mean change [SD], +1.9 [1.6] kg; P = .003 compared with baseline; P = .005 compared with nandrolone group). Serum creatinine levels increased in the nandrolone group (+168 [203] mmol/L [1.9 {2.3} mg/dL]; P = .02) but not in the placebo group (-4.0 [177] mmol/L [0.04 {2.0} mg/dL]; P = .95), suggesting an increase in muscle mass. Time to complete the walking and stair-climbing test decreased from 36.5 to 32.7 seconds in the nandrolone group, while those in the placebo group increased from 38.7 to 42.1 seconds (P = .05). Peak oxygen consumption increased in the individuals in the nandrolone group who performed treadmill tests, but not to a statistically significant degree. Grip strength did not change in either group. Conclusions Treatment with nandrolone for 6 months resulted in a significant increase in LBM associated with functional improvement in patients undergoing dialysis. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Johansen, KL (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect, Box 111J,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. EM johanse@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00083]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-45833] NR 40 TC 149 Z9 151 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 14 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 14 BP 1275 EP 1281 DI 10.1001/jama.281.14.1275 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 184TC UT WOS:000079628700031 PM 10208142 ER PT J AU Rumsfeld, JS MaWhinney, S McCarthy, M Shroyer, ALW VillaNueva, CB O'Brien, M Moritz, TE Henderson, WG Grover, FL Sethi, GK Hammermeister, KE AF Rumsfeld, JS MaWhinney, S McCarthy, M Shroyer, ALW VillaNueva, CB O'Brien, M Moritz, TE Henderson, WG Grover, FL Sethi, GK Hammermeister, KE TI Health-related quality of life as a predictor of mortality following coronary artery bypass graft surgery SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TERM MORTALITY; DISEASE; DEPRESSION; RISK AB Context Health-related quality of life has not been evaluated as a predictor of mortality following coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. Evaluation of health status as a mortality predictor may be useful for preoperative risk stratification. Objective To determine whether the Physical and Mental Component Summary scores from the preoperative Short-Form 36 (SF-36) health status survey predict mortality following CABG surgery after adjustment for known clinical risk variables. Design Prospective cohort study conducted between September 1992 and December. 1996. Setting Fourteen Veterans Affairs hospitals. Patients Of the 3956 patients undergoing CABG surgery only and who were enrolled in the Processes, Structures, and Outcomes of Care in Cardiac Surgery study, the 2480 who completed a preoperative SF-36. Main Outcome Measure All-cause mortality within 180 days after surgery. Results A total of 117 deaths (4.7%) occurred within 180 days of CABG surgery. The Physical Component Summary of the preoperative SF-36 was a statistically significant risk factor for 6-month mortality after adjustment for known clinical risk factors for mortality following CABG surgery. In multivariate analysis, a 10-point lower SF-36 Physical Component Summary score had an odds ratio (OR) of 1.39 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.77; P = .006) for predicting mortality. The SF-36 Mental Component Summary score was not associated with 6-month mortality in multivariate analyses (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.92-1.29; P = .31). Conclusions The Physical Component Summary score from the preoperative SF-36 is an independent risk factor for mortality following CABG surgery. The baseline Mental Component Summary score does not appear to be predictive of mortality. Preoperative patient: self-report of the physical component of health status may be helpful for risk stratification and clinical decision making for patients undergoing CABG surgery. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Northwestern Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. Hines Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Vet Affairs Cooperat Studies Program, Coordinating Ctr, Hines, IL USA. Tucson Vet Affairs Med CTr, Cardiothorac Surg Sect, Tucson, AZ USA. Univ Arizona, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Rumsfeld, JS (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/B-8836-2016 OI Shroyer, Annie Laurie/0000-0001-6461-0623 NR 30 TC 280 Z9 285 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 14 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 14 BP 1298 EP 1303 DI 10.1001/jama.281.14.1298 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 184TC UT WOS:000079628700034 PM 10208145 ER PT J AU Richardson, WS Wilson, MC Guyatt, GH Cook, DJ Nishikawa, J AF Richardson, WS Wilson, MC Guyatt, GH Cook, DJ Nishikawa, J CA Evidence-Based Med Working Grp TI Users' guides to the medical literature - XV. How to use an article about disease probability for differential diagnosis SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NOTHING GOES WRONG; INFECTIVE ENDOCARDITIS; DECISION-MAKING; PRIMARY-CARE; HELP ME; PREVENTION; NUMERATORS; DIZZINESS; JUDGMENT; THERAPY C1 McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. McMaster Univ, Dept Biostat, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Ambulatory Care, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Med, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Baptist Med Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Guyatt, GH (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, 1200 Main St W,Room 2C12, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. NR 35 TC 75 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 7 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 13 BP 1214 EP 1219 DI 10.1001/jama.281.13.1214 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 181VW UT WOS:000079464400037 PM 10199432 ER PT J AU Cornford, EM Hyman, S AF Cornford, EM Hyman, S TI Blood-brain barrier permeability to small and large molecules SO ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE GLUT1 glucose transporter; immunogold electron microscopy; MCT1; MCT2; monocarboxylic acid transporter ID GLUT1 GLUCOSE-TRANSPORTER; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPIC IMMUNOGOLD; PEPTIDE DRUG-DELIVERY; INTRACAROTID INFUSION; WATER PERMEABILITY; TUMOR BARRIER; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VIVO; NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AB The objective of this article is to provide the reader with an update of some of the BBB research highlights which have occurred in recent times, and to review the impact and contributions of immunogold electron microscopic studies on our understanding of the brain capillary endothelium. Glucose and monocarboxylic acids are two small molecules which this review will focus upon; and advances in immunogold characterization of the GLUT1 glucose transporter and the MCT1 and MCT2 monocarboxylic acid nutrient transporters will be discussed. Human serum albumin is chosen as a representative large molecule, and it has recently been shown that immunogold identification of this protein can serve as an indicator of compromised BBB function in a variety of pathophysiological conditions. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Cornford, EM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg VA Epilepsy Ctr, W127B,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 112 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-409X J9 ADV DRUG DELIVER REV JI Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. PD APR 5 PY 1999 VL 36 IS 2-3 BP 145 EP 163 DI 10.1016/S0169-409X(98)00082-9 PG 19 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 180CE UT WOS:000079366800002 ER PT J AU Scremin, OU Holschneider, DP Chen, K Li, MG Shih, JC AF Scremin, OU Holschneider, DP Chen, K Li, MG Shih, JC TI Cerebral cortical blood flow maps are reorganized in MAOB-deficient mice SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cerebral blood flow; monoamine oxidase; phenylethylamine; autoradiography; iodo-antipyrine; mouse ID PLATELET MONOAMINE-OXIDASE; PIRIFORM CORTEX; BETA-PHENYLETHYLAMINE; BRAIN-BARRIER; MIGRAINE; RAT; AMPHETAMINE; HEADACHE; AMINES; INHIBITION AB Cerebral cortical blood flow (CBF) was measured autoradiographically in conscious mice without the monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) gene (KO, n = 11) and the corresponding wild-type animals (WILD, n = 11). Subgroups of animals of each genotype received a continuous intravenous infusion over 30 min of phenylethylamine (PEA), an endogenous substrate of MAOB, (8 nmol g(-1) min(-1) in normal saline at a volume rate of 0.11 mu l g(-1) min(-1)) or saline at the same volume rate. Maps of relative CBF distribution showed predominance of midline motor and sensory area CBF in KO mice over WILD mice that received saline. PEA enhanced CBF in lateral frontal and piriform cortex in both KO and WILD mice. These changes may reflect a differential activation due to chronic and acute PEA elevations on motor and olfactory function, as well as on the anxiogenic effects of this amine. In addition to its effects on regional CBF distribution, PEA decreased CBF globally in KO mice (range -31% to -41% decrease from control levels) with a lesser effect in WILD mice. It is concluded that MAOB may normally regulate CBF distribution and its response to blood PEA. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Toxicol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 317, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM oscremin@ucla.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [K12 AG000521, 5-K12-AG-00521]; NIMH NIH HHS [R37 MH039085, R37 MH39085, K05 MH 00796] NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD APR 3 PY 1999 VL 824 IS 1 BP 36 EP 44 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01167-1 PG 9 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 180GL UT WOS:000079377700004 PM 10095040 ER PT J AU Hunt, SC Richardson, RD McFall, M AF Hunt, SC Richardson, RD McFall, M TI Is there a Gulf War syndrome? SO LANCET LA English DT Letter ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Persian Gulf Vet Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hunt, SC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Persian Gulf Vet Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 3 PY 1999 VL 353 IS 9159 BP 1183 EP 1183 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)74400-7 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 188PZ UT WOS:000079858400052 PM 10210000 ER PT J AU Ganesh, S Amano, K Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K AF Ganesh, S Amano, K Delgado-Escueta, AV Yamakawa, K TI Isolation and characterization of mouse homologue for the human epilepsy gene, EPM2A SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID PROGRESSIVE MYOCLONUS EPILEPSY; PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASES; FORM AB Mutations in the novel gene, EPM2A, have been shown recently to cause the progressive myoclonus epilepsy of Lafora type. EPM2A is predicted to encode a putative protein-tyrosine phosphatase but its specific role in normal brain function and in the Lafora disease is not known. As a first step towards understanding the cellular function of EPM2A in an animal model, we have isolated cDNA clones for mouse EPM2A and analyzed its expression, Sequence analyses of the mouse cDNA clones revealed a complete ORF that supports the 5' coding sequence predicted for human EPM2A from the genomic sequence. When compared to EPM2A, the mouse homologue, named Epa2a, shows 86% identity at the nucleotide level and 88% identity and 93% similarity at the amino acid level. Similar to the human counterpart, Epm2a showed ubiquitous expression in Northern with a major transcript size of 3.5 kb. We have mapped the Epm2a to the proximal region of mouse chromosome 10 which is the syntenic region for human chromosome band, 6q24. Our results suggest that EPM2A is highly conserved in mammals and might have a conserved function. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yamakawa, K (reprint author), Inst Phys & Chem Res, Brain Sci Inst, Neurogenet Lab, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 3510198, Japan. RI Ganesh, Subramniam/B-4131-2009; Yamakawa, Kazuhiro/N-5050-2015 NR 17 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD APR 2 PY 1999 VL 257 IS 1 BP 24 EP 28 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1999.0402 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 184MC UT WOS:000079615100005 PM 10092504 ER PT J AU Medvedev, AE Blanco, JCG Qureshi, N Vogel, SN AF Medvedev, AE Blanco, JCG Qureshi, N Vogel, SN TI Limited role of ceramide in lipopolysaccharide-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, transcription factor induction, and cytokine release SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; NF-KAPPA-B; NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; DIPHOSPHORYL LIPID-A; LPS BINDING-PROTEIN; MURINE MACROPHAGES; BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; ACID SPHINGOMYELINASE; INDUCED APOPTOSIS AB The involvement of ceramide in lipopolysaccharide-mediated activation of mouse macrophages was studied. Lipopolysaccharide cell-permeable ceramide analogs, and bacterial sphingomyelinase led to phosphorylation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinases, c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases, and p38 kinase and induced AP-1 DNA binding in C3H/OuJ (Lps(n)) but not in C3H/HeJ (Lps(d)) macrophages. Lipopolysaccharide and ceramide mimetics showed distinct kinetics of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation and AP-1 induction and activated AP-1 complexes with different subunit compositions. Lipopolysaccharide-activated AP-1 consisted of c-Fos, Jun-E, Jun-D, and c-Jun, while C-2-ceramide induced Jun-D and c-Jun only. Lipopolysaccharide and, less potently, C-2-ceramide or sphingomyelinase, stimulated AP-1-dependent reporter gene transcription in RAW 264.7 cells. Unlike lipopolysaccharide, C-2-ceramide failed to activate NF-kappa B and did not induce production of tumor necrosis factor or interleukin-6. The lipopolysaccharide antagonist, Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphosphoryl lipid A, inhibited lipopolysaccharide activation of NF-kappa B and AP-1 but did not block C-2-ceramide-induced AP-1. Pretreatment of C3H/OuJ macrophages with C-2-ceramide greatly diminished AP-1 induction following subsequent C-2-ceramide stimulation. However, lipopolysaccharide-induced transcription factor activation and cytokine release were not influenced, In contrast, lipopolysaccharide pretreatment inhibited both lipopolysaccharide- and C-2-ceramide-mediated responses. Thus, ceramide partially mimics lipopolysaccharide in activating the mitogen-activated protein kinases and AP-1 but not in mediating NF-kappa B induction or cytokine production, suggesting a limited role in lipopolysaccharide signaling. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Vogel, SN (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM vogel@bob.usuf2.usuhs.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-18797]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-50870] NR 74 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 2 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 14 BP 9342 EP 9350 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.14.9342 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 181PX UT WOS:000079451800031 PM 10092612 ER PT J AU Kieber-Emmons, T Lin, CM Foster, MH Kleyman, TR AF Kieber-Emmons, T Lin, CM Foster, MH Kleyman, TR TI Antiidiotypic antibody recognizes an amiloride binding domain within the alpha subunit of the epithelial Na+ channel SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SODIUM-CHANNEL; CONFORMATIONAL SEARCH; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; INDUCED HYPERKALEMIA; MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY; CELL-LINE; PEPTIDE; PROTEIN; ANTIGEN; IDENTIFICATION AB We previously raised an antibody (RA6.3) by an antidiotypic approach which was designed to be directed against an amiloride binding domain on the epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC). This antibody mimicked amiloride in that it inhibited transepithelial Na+ transport across A6 cell monolayers. RA6.3 recognized a 72-kDa polypeptide in A6 epithelia treated with tunicamycin, consistent with the size of nonglycosylated Xenopus laevis alpha ENaC. RA6.3 specifically recognized an amiloride binding domain within the alpha-subunit of mouse and bovine ENaC. The deduced amino acid sequence of RA6.3 was used to generate a three-dimensional model structure of the antibody. The combining site of RA6.3 was epitope mapped using a novel computer-based strategy. Organic residues that potentially interact with the RA6.3 combining site were identified by data base screening using the program LUDI. Selected residues docked to the antibody in a manner corresponding to the ordered linear array of amino acid residues within an amiloride binding domain on the alpha-subunit of ENaC, A synthetic peptide spanning this domain inhibited the binding of RA6.3 to alpha ENaC. This analysis provided a novel approach to develop models of antibody-antigen interaction as well as a molecular perspective of RA6.3 binding to an amiloride binding domain within alpha ENaC. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Pathol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Physiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Kleyman, TR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM kleyman@mail.med.upenn.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK50268] NR 68 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD APR 2 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 14 BP 9648 EP 9655 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.14.9648 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 181PX UT WOS:000079451800070 PM 10092651 ER PT J AU Barnett, PG AF Barnett, PG TI The cost-effectiveness of methadone maintenance as a health care intervention SO ADDICTION LA English DT Article ID FOLLOW-UP; ZIDOVUDINE THERAPY; HEROIN-ADDICTION; MORTALITY-RATES; OPIOID ADDICTS; DEATH RATES; HIV; PROGRAMS AB Aims. Cost-effectiveness analysis using life-years of survival as the measure of treatment benefit is widely used in the economic evaluation of health care interventions but has not been applied to substance abuse treatment. The cost-effectiveness of methadone maintenance was evaluated to demonstrate the feasibility of applying this method to substance abuse treatment. Design. A literature review was undertaken to determine the effect of methadone treatment on the rate of mortality associated with opiate addiction. Information was also obtained on the average cost and duration of treatment. A two-state Markov model was used to estimate the incremental effect of methadone on the life span and treatment cost of a cohort of 25-year-old heroin users. Findings. Providing opiate addicts with access to methadone maintenance has an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of $5915 per life-year gained (that is, for every year of life that is saved by providing methadone to opiate addicts, an additional $5915 in treatment costs are incurred). One-way sensitivity analysis determined that the ratio was less than $10 000 per-life year over a wide range of modeling assumptions. Conclusions. The ratio determined for methadone is lower than that of many common medical therapies, and well within the $50 000 threshold for judging cost-effectiveness. Even if decision makers do not wish use the same ratio that is applied to the general population, this method allows substance abuse treatment enhancements to be compared to improvements in health services offered to individuals with substance abuse disorders. Future work will require information on the impact of methadone treatment on the cost of health care and public programs, the indirect costs incurred by patients, and adjustments to reflect quality of life. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Hlth Care Evaluat, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Program Evaluat & Resource Ctr, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. RP Barnett, PG (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Hlth Care Evaluat, VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Program Evaluat & Resource Ctr, 795 Willow Rd,152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [1-Y01 DA 40032] NR 30 TC 67 Z9 70 U1 2 U2 4 PU CARFAX PUBLISHING PI BASINGSTOKE PA RANKINE RD, BASINGSTOKE RG24 8PR, HANTS, ENGLAND SN 0965-2140 J9 ADDICTION JI Addiction PD APR PY 1999 VL 94 IS 4 BP 479 EP 488 DI 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1999.9444793.x PG 10 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 186RD UT WOS:000079742000003 PM 10605844 ER PT J AU Johansen, KL AF Johansen, KL TI Physical functioning and exercise capacity in patients on dialysis SO ADVANCES IN RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY LA English DT Article DE exercise; end-stage renal disease; physical functioning; exercise capacity ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; SUBMAXIMAL EXERCISE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MAINTENANCE DIALYSIS; FAILURE; RECIPIENTS; METABOLISM; TOLERANCE AB Patients on dialysis have extremely limited exercise capacity, and poor physical functioning has been linked to low quality of life and high mortality in this population. The reason for the debility of patients on dialysis is far from clear despite years of study. The anemia of chronic renal disease is clearly a contributing factor, but uremic myopathy and resulting decreased muscle oxygen utilization have a significant impact on the physical functioning of patients on dialysis as well. Although it is likely that factors related to uremia adversely affect muscle function, some of the abnormalities demonstrated in uremic muscle are consistent with disuse atrophy. The clear contribution of anemia and the possible role of limited physical activity have led to studies of the effects of erythropoietin and aerobic exercise training on exercise capacity in end-stage renal disease patients. Both of these interventions result in increased exercise capacity. Thus vigorous treatment of anemia and uremia and encouragement of physical activity are important interventions to maximize the physical functioning of patients on dialysis. In addition, more studies are needed to clarify the causes of debility in this population and the impact of interventions on physical functioning, quality of life, and mortality. (C) 1999 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 San Francisco VAMC, Nephrol Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Johansen, KL (reprint author), San Francisco VAMC, Nephrol Sect, Box 111J,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 42 TC 78 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 8 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1073-4449 J9 ADV RENAL REPLACE TH JI Adv. Renal Replace. Ther. PD APR PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 141 EP 148 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 229JV UT WOS:000082191700005 PM 10230881 ER PT J AU Asthana, S Raffaele, KC Greig, NH Schapiro, MB Blackman, MR Soncrant, TT AF Asthana, S Raffaele, KC Greig, NH Schapiro, MB Blackman, MR Soncrant, TT TI Neuroendocrine responses to intravenous infusion of physostigmine in patients with Alzheimer disease SO ALZHEIMER DISEASE & ASSOCIATED DISORDERS LA English DT Article DE physostigmine; HPA-axis; Alzheimer disease; memory; cortisol ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; MEMORY; ARECOLINE; PITUITARY; ACETYLCHOLINE; CORTISOL; DEMENTIA; TACRINE; SYSTEM AB We have reported that physostigmine, a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, enhances verbal memory in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). To elucidate the mechanism of cognition enhancement, plasma hormones were measured during high-dose acute and low-dose chronic steady-state intravenous infusions of physostigmine in nine subjects with AD. High-dose hormone responses were measured during and for 24 h after the infusion of physostigmine 1-1.5 mg over 45-60 min. Chronic responses were measured during continuous intravenous infusions of physostigmine at doses (0.5-25 mg/day) that escalated over 2 weeks, and then during 1 week infusion of the dose that optimized cognition (2-12 mg/day) or placebo administered in a randomized double-blind, crossover design. A replicable improvement in verbal memory was found in five subjects. High-dose physostigmine infusion that produced noxious side effects resulted in significant elevation above baseline in plasma levels of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) (p = 0.0001), cortisol (p = 0.0001), and beta-endorphin (p = 0.0001). Chronic physostigmine administration, in the absence of adverse effects, produced no significant elevation in ACTH (p = 0.08), cortisol (p = 0.70), or beta-endorphin (p = 0.82). These results indicate that high-dose physostigmine activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, likely representing a "stress response." In contrast, cognition-enhancing doses do not produce a peripheral corticosteroid response. Thus, physostigmine-induced memory improvement is independent of the activation of the HPA axis. C1 NIA, Neurosci Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. US FDA, Washington, DC 20204 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Hopkins Bayview Med Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Asthana, S (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Amer Lake Div, GRECC 182 B, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-0341 J9 ALZ DIS ASSOC DIS JI Alzheimer Dis. Assoc. Dis. PD APR-JUN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 102 EP 108 DI 10.1097/00002093-199904000-00008 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Pathology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pathology GA 268NQ UT WOS:000084422800008 PM 10372954 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MW Baskin, DG Kaiyala, KJ Woods, SC AF Schwartz, MW Baskin, DG Kaiyala, KJ Woods, SC TI Model for the regulation of energy balance and adiposity by the central nervous system SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Review DE body weight; adipose tissue; food intake; insulin; leptin; neuropeptide Y; glucocorticoids; obesity; energy balance; central nervous system; homeostasis; central effector pathways; arcuate nucleus; paraventricular nucleus; review ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING-FACTOR; REDUCES FOOD-INTAKE; OBESE ZUCKER RATS; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; INCREASED HYPOTHALAMIC CONTENT; NEUROPEPTIDE-Y CONCENTRATIONS; BODY-WEIGHT; GENE-EXPRESSION; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; IN-VIVO AB In 1995, we described a new model for adiposity regulation. Since then, data regarding the biology of body weight regulation has accumulated at a remarkable rate and has bath modified and strengthened our understanding of ibis homeostatic system. In this review we integrate new information into a revised model for further understanding this important regulatory process. Our model of energy homeostasis proposes that long-term adiposity-related signals such as insulin and leptin influence the neuronal activity of central effector pathways that serve as controllers of energy balance. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Harborview Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychiat, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, Harborview Med Ctr, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM mschwart@u.washington.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-52989, DK-12829]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS-32273] NR 180 TC 172 Z9 181 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD APR PY 1999 VL 69 IS 4 BP 584 EP 596 PG 13 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 181GX UT WOS:000079434100003 PM 10197558 ER PT J AU Ormsby, BL Hori, MT Tuck, ML AF Ormsby, BL Hori, MT Tuck, ML TI Eicosapentaenoic acid is a potent inhibitor of angiotensin II-induced calcium signals in vascular smooth muscle cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE vascular smooth muscle; calcium; angiotensin II; phospholipids C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA GLAHCS, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 4 SU S BP 8A EP 8A PN 2 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 188FR UT WOS:000079836600026 ER PT J AU Takagawa, Y Hori, MT Tuck, ML AF Takagawa, Y Hori, MT Tuck, ML TI Effect of insulin on bradykinin-induced intracellular calcium mobilization in cultured human endothelial cells. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE vascular endothelium; calcium; bradykinin; insulin C1 Vet Adm GLHCS, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 4 SU S BP 23A EP 23A PN 2 PG 1 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 188FR UT WOS:000079836600066 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA Baker, CA McDonald, LL Suzuki, NT AF Lipsky, BA Baker, CA McDonald, LL Suzuki, NT TI Improving the appropriateness of vancomycin use by sequential interventions SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; UNIVERSITY MEDICAL-CENTER; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; EXPERIENCE; USAGE AB Background: Vancomycin usage is directly associated with the incidence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Optimal methods to reduce inappropriate use have not been delineated. We determined the appropriateness of vancomycin prescribing at our hospital on the basis of national guidelines and assessed the effect of sequential administrative and educational interventions. Methods: In this prospective 3-phase study conducted in a Veterans Affairs Medical Center, we monitored vancomycin prescribing at baseline and in 2 follow-up periods. Administrative interventions included discussions with service chiefs and revising routine perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis orders. Educational interventions included in-services about vancomycin-resistant enterococci and appropriate vancomycin prescribing. In each monitoring period, 50 consecutive new vancomycin orders that could be evaluated were classified for appropriateness and categorized by indication. Results: At baseline, 70% of vancomycin use was inappropriate. Surgical services accounted for 84% of orders. Interventions targeted services with high or frequently inappropriate vancomycin use. After administrative interventions, inappropriate vancomycin use dropped to 40% of orders (P =.003). Improvements were noted in targeted services. Educational interventions further decreased inappropriate vancomycin use, but the effect appeared transient. Conclusions: The simple, nonrestrictive administrative interventions used resulted in a statistically significant (30%) reduction in inappropriate vancomycin prescribing. However, educational interventions provided only transient benefit on institutional prescribing patterns. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GIMC Antibiot Res Clin 111M, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Lipsky, BA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GIMC Antibiot Res Clin 111M, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 32 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD APR PY 1999 VL 27 IS 2 BP 84 EP 90 DI 10.1016/S0196-6553(99)70086-6 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 186AY UT WOS:000079705600003 PM 10196484 ER PT J AU Million, M Tache, Y Anton, P AF Million, M Tache, Y Anton, P TI Susceptibility of Lewis and Fischer rats to stress-induced worsening of TNB-colitis: protective role of brain CRF SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE astressin; myeloperoxidase; corticotropin-releasing factor; brain; colon; food intake; 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; PITUITARY-ADRENAL AXIS; INFLAMMATORY BOWEL-DISEASE; COLONIC MOTOR FUNCTION; C-FOS EXPRESSION; ULCERATIVE-COLITIS; RESPONSES; HORMONE; ANTAGONIST; IMMUNE AB We assessed the role of central corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in stress-induced worsening of colitis :in inbred rat strains with hypo (Lewis/N) and hyper (Fischer344/N) CRF responses to stress. Intracolonic administration of 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNB) induced colitis of similar severity in both strains as assessed on day 7 by macroscopic scoring, histological evaluation, tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, and decrease in food intake and body weight. Colitis was inhibited by daily intracerebroventricular injections of CRF in both strains. Chronic stress (3 h/day, water avoidance or wrap restraint on alternate days for 6 days) aggravated colitis more in Lewis than Fischer rats (71 and 22% further increase in MPO activity, respectively). The CRF antagonist astressin injected intracerebroventricularly enhanced the colitis response to stress and caused mortality in both strains. Fischer rats had higher plasma corticosterone levels 20 min after stress alone on day I and after TNB plus stress on days 1 and 3 compared with Lewis. These data show that central CRF restrains the proinflammatory action of stress in experimental colitis. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Million, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM mmuluget@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301, R01-DK-33061] NR 51 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 4 BP G1027 EP G1036 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 184UL UT WOS:000079632100029 PM 10198347 ER PT J AU Nozu, T Martinez, V Rivier, J Tache, Y AF Nozu, T Martinez, V Rivier, J Tache, Y TI Peripheral urocortin delays gastric emptying: role of CRF receptor 2 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corticotropin-releasing factor; NBI-27914; antalarmin; astressin; postoperative gastric ileus; abdominal surgery ID CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING FACTOR; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; STRESS-RELATED ALTERATIONS; COLONIC MOTOR FUNCTION; INDUCED INHIBITION; RATS; ANTAGONIST; PITUITARY; HORMONE; BINDING AB Urocortin, a new mammalian member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family has been proposed to be the endogenous ligand for CRF receptor 2 (CRF-R2). We studied the influence of intravenous urocortin on gastric emptying and the role of CRF-R2 in peptide action and postoperative gastric ileus in conscious rats. The intravenous doses of rat CRF and rat urocortin producing 50% inhibition of gastric emptying were 2.5 and 1.1 mu g/kg, respectively. At these intravenous doses, CRF and urocortin have their actions fully reversed by the CRF-R1/CRF-R2 antagonist astressin at antagonist/agonist ratios of 5:1 and 67:1, respectively. Astressin (12 mu g/kg iv) completely prevented abdominal surgery-induced 54% inhibition of gastric emptying 3 h after surgery while having no effect on basal gastric emptying. The selective nonpeptide CRF-R1 antagonists antalarmin (20 mg/kg ip) and NBI-27914 (400;mu g/kg iv) did not influence intravenous CRF-, urocortin- or surgery-induced gastric stasis. These results as well as earlier ones showing that or-helical CRF(9-41) (a CRF-RB more selective antagonist) partly prevented postoperative ileus indicate that peripheral CRF-RB may be primarily:ly involved in intravenous urocortin-, CRF-, and abdominal surgery-induced gastric stasis. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Salk Inst Biol Studies, Clayton Fdn Labs Peptide Biol, La Jolla, CA 92038 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 203, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM ytache@ucla.edu RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26741, DK-41301, DK-33061] NR 56 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 4 BP G867 EP G874 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 184UL UT WOS:000079632100011 PM 10198329 ER PT J AU Solomon, TE Walsh, JH Bussjaeger, L Zong, YM Hamilton, JW Ho, FJ Lee, TD Reeve, JR AF Solomon, TE Walsh, JH Bussjaeger, L Zong, YM Hamilton, JW Ho, FJ Lee, TD Reeve, JR TI COOH-terminally extended secretins are potent stimulants of pancreatic secretion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE posttranslational processing; amidation; radioimmunoassay; physiology ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; PLASMA SECRETIN; FUNCTIONAL EXPRESSION; ADENYLATE-CYCLASE; PORCINE SECRETIN; SODIUM OLEATE; RAT SECRETIN; FORM; RECEPTOR; BIOACTIVITY AB Posttranslational processing of preprosecretin generates several COOH-terminally extended forms of secretin and alpha-carboxyl amidated secretin. We used synthetic canine secretin analogs with COOH-terminal -amide,-Gly, or -Gly-Lys-Arg to examine the effects of COOH-terminal extensions of secretin on bioactivity and detection in RIA Synthetic products were purified by reverse-phase and ion-exchange HPLC and characterized by reverse-phase isocratic HPLC and amino acid, sequence, and mass spectral analyses. Secretin and secretin-Gly were noted to coelute during reverse-phase HPLC. In RIA using eight, different antisera raised against amidated secretin, COOH-terminally extended secretins had little or no cross-reactivity. Bioactivity was assessed by measuring pancreatic responses in anesthetized rats. Amidated canine and porcine secretins were equipotent. Secretin-Gly and secretin-Gly-Lys-Arg had potencies of 81 +/- 9% (P > 0.05) and 176 +/- 13% (P < 0.01), respectively, compared with amidated secretin, and the response to secretin-Gly-Lys-Arg lasted significantly longer These data demonstrate that 1) amidated secretin and secretin;Gly are not separable under some chromatographic conditions, 2) current RIA may not detect bioactive COOH-terminally extended forms of secretin in tissue extracts or blood, and 3) the secretin receptor mediating stimulation of pancreatic secretion recognizes both amidated and COOH-terminally extended secretins. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Kansas City Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Kansas City, MO 64128 USA. Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. City Hope Res Inst, Beckman Res Inst, Div Immunol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. RP Solomon, TE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 115,Rm 111, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM solomont@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-41301] NR 43 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 4 BP G808 EP G816 PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 184UL UT WOS:000079632100004 PM 10198322 ER PT J AU Song, M Yang, H Walsh, JH Ohning, G Wong, H Tache, Y AF Song, M Yang, H Walsh, JH Ohning, G Wong, H Tache, Y TI Intracisternal TRH analog increases gastrin release and corpus histidine decarboxylase activity in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE enterochromaffin-like cell; gastrin monoclonal antibody; vagus; thyrotropin-releasing hormone ID ENTEROCHROMAFFIN-LIKE CELLS; MESSENGER-RNA ABUNDANCE; ACID-SECRETION; ECL CELLS; HISTAMINE-SECRETION; ANESTHETIZED RATS; VAGAL REGULATION; SOMATOSTATIN; STOMACH; ACTIVATION AB Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) acts in brain stem nuclei to induce vagally mediated stimulation of gastric secretion. The effects of intracisternal injection of the TRH analog RX-77368 on plasma gastrin levels and corpus histidine decarboxylase (HDC) activity were studied in 48-h fasted conscious rats. RX-77368 (25-100 ng) increased plasma gastrin levels by threefold at 30 min, which remained significantly higher than control at 2 and 4 h postinjection. Corpus HDC activity began to increase at 2 h and reached a peak at 4 h postinjection with a 21-fold maximum response observed at 50 ng. Morphological changes in the appearance of corpus HDC-immunoreactive cells correlated well with HDC activity. Pretreatment with gastrin monoclonal antibody completely prevented RX-77368 stimulatory effects on HDC activity. Atropine significantly attenuated gastrin increase at 30 min by 26%. These results indicated that in conscious fasted rats, TRH analog acts in the brain to increase corpus HDC activity in the enterochromaffin-like cells, which involves gastrin release stimulated by central TRH analog. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM hoyang@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-50255, DK-30110, DK-17294] NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 4 BP G901 EP G908 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 184UL UT WOS:000079632100015 PM 10198333 ER PT J AU Grant, EG Duerinckx, AJ El Saden, S Melany, ML Hathout, G Zimmerman, P Cohen, SN Singh, R Baker, JD AF Grant, EG Duerinckx, AJ El Saden, S Melany, ML Hathout, G Zimmerman, P Cohen, SN Singh, R Baker, JD TI Doppler sonographic parameters for detection of carotid stenosis: Is there an optimum method for their selection? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARTERY STENOSIS; ENDARTERECTOMY TRIAL; DUPLEX CRITERIA; ATHEROSCLEROTIC DISEASE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; ULTRASOUND; 70-PERCENT; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; PERFORMANCE AB OBJECTIVE. A wide range of Doppler threshold values for carotid stenosis is found in the literature. We undertook this study to compare methods of derivation and to determine if an optimum strategy of threshold selection exists for a high-risk population. MATERIALS AND METHODS. From the sonograms of all patent internal carotid arteries, peak systolic velocity in the internal carotid artery (ICA(PSV)) and the ratio of peak systolic velocity in the internal carotid artery to that of the common carotid artery (ICA(PSV)/CCA(PSV)) were compared with the percentage of angiographically determined stenosis, Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated for levels of stenosis greater than or equal to 60% and greater than or equal to 70%. Doppler thresholds were chosen on the basis of maximum accuracy and on the basis of greater than or equal to 90% sensitivity and specificity. Patients were then segregated into symptomatic and asymptomatic cohorts, and the above process was repeated. An effectiveness analysis was also conducted using various Doppler thresholds. Thresholds derived using these three methods were compared and optimal values chosen. RESULTS. Of 333 carotid arteries that fit inclusion criteria, 132 were found in asymptomatic patients and 201 in symptomatic patients. Maximum accuracy, greater than or equal to 90% sensitivity and specificity, and effectiveness analysis each produced different ranges of thresholds. We chose final thresholds that maintained patient outcome profiles. For asymptomatic patients at the greater than or equal to 60% stenosis level, thresholds were ICA(PSV) = 200 cm/sec and ICA(PSV)/CCA(PSV) = 3.0. For symptomatic patients with stenosis greater than or equal to 70%, thresholds were ICA(PSV) = 175 cm/sec and ICA(PSV)/CCA(PSV) = 2.5. CONCLUSION. Considerable latitude exists in the choice of carotid Doppler thresholds. We propose a rational strategy for threshold selection based on a combination of three commonly used methods. Our observations indicate that it appears advisable to consider symptomatic and asymptomatic patients separately and to apply appropriately derived thresholds. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Radiol Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Grant, EG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 27 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ROENTGEN RAY SOC PI RESTON PA 1891 PRESTON WHITE DR, SUBSCRIPTION FULFILLMENT, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0361-803X J9 AM J ROENTGENOL JI Am. J. Roentgenol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 172 IS 4 BP 1123 EP 1129 PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 178VJ UT WOS:000079289600047 PM 10587159 ER PT J AU George, MS Lisanby, SH Sackeim, HA AF George, MS Lisanby, SH Sackeim, HA TI Transcranial magnetic stimulation - Applications in neuropsychiatry SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID HUMAN MOTOR CORTEX; DORSOLATERAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; ECHOPLANAR BOLD FMRI; RTMS IMPROVES MOOD; ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; BRAIN-STIMULATION; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; MACAQUE MONKEY; CORTICAL HYPEREXCITABILITY AB In the 1990s, it is difficult to open a newspaper or watch television and not find someone claiming that magnets promote healing. Rarely do these claims stem from double-blind, peer-reviewed studies, making it difficult to separate the wheat from the chaff. The current fads resemble those at the end of the last century, when many were falsely touting the benefits of direct electrical and weak magnetic stimulation. Yet in the midst of this popular interest in magnetic therapy, a new neuroscience field has developed that uses powerful magnetic fields to alter brain activity-transcranial magnetic stimulation. This review examines the basic principles underlying transcranial magnetic stimulation, and describes how it differs; from electrical stimulation or other uses of magnets. Initial studies in this field are critically summarized, particularly as they pertain to the pathophysiology and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. Transcranial magnetic stimulation is a promising new research and, perhaps, therapeutic tool, but more work remains before it can be fully integrated in psychiatry's diagnostic and therapeutic armamentarium. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Biol Psychiat, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Radiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM georgem@musc.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH35636] NR 148 TC 342 Z9 349 U1 0 U2 20 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD APR PY 1999 VL 56 IS 4 BP 300 EP 311 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.56.4.300 PG 12 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 182NE UT WOS:000079504400001 PM 10197824 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Rentschler, A AF Cooper, RA Boninger, ML Rentschler, A TI Evaluation of selected ultralight manual wheelchairs using ANSI/RESNA standards SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID STABILITY AB Objectives: To provide data for clinicians and wheelchair users to compare the durability, strength, stability, and cost effectiveness of four different ultralight wheelchair models, and to compare the results of this study with those published for lightweight wheelchairs. Design: Standards testing and cost-effectiveness analysis of four wheelchair models from different manufacturers (12 wheelchairs total). Results: There were significant differences (p less than or equal to .05) in the fatigue life and value (equivalent cycles per dollar) among the ultralight wheelchairs tested. There was also a significant difference (p less than or equal to.05) in rearward stability tilt angle for the least and most stable configurations. There were no differences in forward and lateral stability. The ultralight wheelchairs (1,009,108 cycles) had significantly (p less than or equal to .05) higher fatigue lives than previously reported for lightweight wheelchairs (187,370 cycles). The lightweight wheelchairs had a mean value of 210 cycles per dollar compared to 673 cycles per dollar for the ultralight wheelchairs. The difference in value for the lightweight and ultralight wheelchairs was statistically significant (p less than or equal to .05). Conclusion: There were differences in the fatigue life and value among the four models of ultralight manual wheelchairs tested. This indicates that ultralight manual wheelchairs are not all of equal quality. The fatigue life and value of the ultralight manual wheelchairs were significantly higher than those previously reported far lightweight manual wheelchairs. This indicates that ultralight wheelchairs may be of higher quality than lightweight manual wheelchairs. Clinicians and consumers should seriously consider selecting an ultralight manual wheelchair to meet their wheelchair mobility needs. (C) 1999 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151 R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr Hlth Syst, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151 R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 19 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD APR PY 1999 VL 80 IS 4 BP 462 EP 467 DI 10.1016/S0003-9993(99)90287-3 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 184TG UT WOS:000079629100018 PM 10206612 ER PT J AU Chien, GL Mohtadi, K Wolff, RA Van Winkle, DM AF Chien, GL Mohtadi, K Wolff, RA Van Winkle, DM TI Naloxone blockade of myocardial ischemic preconditioning does not require central nervous system participation SO BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE myocardial infarction; ischemic preconditioning; naloxone; rabbits ID INTACT RAT-HEART; OPIOID RECEPTORS; MORPHINE ANALGESIA; GENE-EXPRESSION; BETA-ENDORPHIN; MESSENGER-RNA; AGONIST; INFARCTION; ANTAGONIST; MECHANISM AB Objective The hypothesis that naloxone blockade of ischemic preconditioning (IP)-induced infarct limitation does not require central nervous system participation was evaluated using quaternary naloxone in anesthetized rabbits (Study I) and naloxone hydrochloride in isolated rabbit hearts (Study II). Methods In Study I, rabbits underwent 30 min coronary artery occlusion and 180 min reperfusion. IP was elicited with a 5 min coronary artery occlusion beginning 15 min before the 30 min occlusion. Intravenous naloxone methiodide, 12.9 mg/kg, was bolused 10 or 1 min before IF. In Study II, rabbit hearts underwent 15 min coronary artery occlusion and 120 min reperfusion. IP was elicited with 2 cycles of 5 min coronary artery occlusion plus 5 min reperfusion, beginning 20 min before the 45 min occlusion. Naloxone hydrochloride, 1 mu mol/L or 100 mu mol/L, was added to the buffer perfusate for 25 min preceding the long coronary artery occlusion. In both studies, infarct size was assessed with tetrazolium, normalized to risk volume, and analyzed using ANOVA. Results In both studies, IP reduced infarct size compared to control (6.3 +/- 2.3 vs. 29.5 +/- 4.4, P = 0.007, Study I; 11.8 +/- 4.7 vs. 47.7 +/- 6.7, P = 0.03, Study II). In Study I, IP was not blocked when naloxone methiodide was given 10 min before IP (13.8 +/- 1.8 vs. 42.3 +/- 5.4, P = 0.004) but was blocked when given 1 min before IP (25.3 +/- 7.2 vs. 28.4 +/- 5.0, Pr ns). In Study II, infarct size was intermediate in the 1 mu mol/L naloxone hydrochloride+IP group (19.0 +/- 6.5 vs. 48.9 +/- 8.4, P = ns) but IP was blocked by 100 mu mol/L naloxone hydrochloride (62.6 +/- 4.5 vs. 56.2 +/- 6.7, P = ns). Conclusion Naloxone blockade of IP-induced infarct limitation involves a cardiac mechanism. C1 Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Anesthesiol Serv, Dept Anesthesiol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Van Winkle, DM (reprint author), Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Anesthesiol Serv, Dept Anesthesiol, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 34 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PLATZ DER DEUTSCHEN EINHEIT 25, D-64293 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0300-8428 J9 BASIC RES CARDIOL JI Basic Res. Cardiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 94 IS 2 BP 136 EP 143 DI 10.1007/s003950050136 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 188NV UT WOS:000079855100009 PM 10326662 ER PT J AU Hamner, MB Frueh, BC Ulmer, HG Arana, GW AF Hamner, MB Frueh, BC Ulmer, HG Arana, GW TI Psychotic features and illness severity in combat veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 151st Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CY MAY 30-JUN 05, 1998 CL TORONTO, CANADA SP Amer Psychiat Assoc DE posttraumatic stress; anxiety; psychosis; depression; comorbidity; alcohol abuse ID AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS; UNIPOLAR DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS; PTSD AB Background: Psychotic symptoms may be present in up to 40% of patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In this study, we hypothesized that severity of psychotic symptoms would also reflect severity of PTSD symptoms in patients with well-defined psychotic features. Methods: Forty-five Vietnam combat veterans with PTSD but without a primary psychotic disorder diagnosis underwent a Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R with Psychotic Screen, and the Clinician Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS). Patients identified as having psychotic features (PTSD-P), (n = 22) also received the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). Results: There was a significant positive correlation between the Caps and PANSS global ratings (p < .001) and the HDRS and PANSS (p < .03) in the PTSD-P patients. Many CAPS and PANSS subscales also demonstrated significant intercorrelations; however, the CAPS-B subscale (reexperiencing) and the PANSS positive symptom scale were not correlated, suggesting that psychotic features may not necessarily be influenced or accounted for by more severe reexperiencing symptoms. Fifteen (68%) of the PTSD-P patients had major depression (MDD). Both CAPs and PANSS ratings were significantly higher in the PTSD-P patients with comorbid MDD. Conclusions: As postulated, patients with more severe psychosis ratings are likely to have more severe PTSD disease burden if psychotic features are present. This study further documents the occurrence of psychotic features in PTSD that are not necessarily due to a primary psychotic disorder, suggesting that this may be a distinct subtype; however, a significant interaction likely exists between PTSD, depression, and psychotic features. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Hamner, MB (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 38 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 7 BP 846 EP 852 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00301-1 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 182VM UT WOS:000079518900007 PM 10202572 ER PT J AU Ross, RJ Ball, WA Sanford, LD Morrison, AR Dinges, DF Silver, SM Kribbs, NB Mulvaney, FD Gehrman, PR McGinnis, DE AF Ross, RJ Ball, WA Sanford, LD Morrison, AR Dinges, DF Silver, SM Kribbs, NB Mulvaney, FD Gehrman, PR McGinnis, DE TI Rapid eye movement sleep changes during the adaptation night in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE hyperarousal; posttraumatic stress disorder; rapid eye movement sleep; phasic activity ID DISTURBANCE AB Background: Hyperarousal in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is manifested during sleep as well as waking. Elevated rapid eye movement sleep (REMS) phasic activity, likely signifying central nervous system alerting, has been identified in PTSD. The authors reasoned that PTSD compared to control subjects would show particularly increased REMS phasic activity on the first night of polysomnography, with adaptation to a novel environment. Methods: First-night polysomnograms of 17 veterans with PTSD were compared with those of 11 control subjects. Sleep was also studied in subsets of both groups over two nights. Results: On the first night, the PTSD subjects had a higher density of rapid eye movements in the first REMS period. This measure was increased on the first compared to the second night, but there was no interaction effect between night and group. Conclusions: REMS changes are again demonstrated in veterans with PTSD. Introduction to a novel environment activated a REMS phasic process, but not differentially in PTSD compared to control subjects. Biol Psychiatry 1999;45:938-941 (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Behav Hlth Serv 116A, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Coatesville, PA USA. RP Ross, RJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Behav Hlth Serv 116A, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42903] NR 16 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 7 BP 938 EP 941 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00233-9 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 182VM UT WOS:000079518900020 PM 10202585 ER PT J AU Barnes, CJ Lee, M AF Barnes, CJ Lee, M TI Determination of an optimal dosing regimen for aspirin chemoprevention of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumours in rats SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE aspirin; carcinogenesis; chemoprevention; colon; rat ID CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 LEVELS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; CARCINOGENESIS; SULINDAC; ADENOMAS; DRUGS; RISK; PROSTAGLANDINS; REGRESSION; EXPRESSION AB In order to establish an optimal timing and duration of aspirin treatment in the chemoprevention of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon cancer in rats, colon tumours were induced using an established protocol and aspirin was given in the diet at 500 p.p.m. during various stages of colon carcinogenesis. Results indicate that only aspirin treatment throughout the entire carcinogenic period significantly reduced tumour incidence and volume whereas intermittent aspirin dosing increased tumour number and/or volume, suggesting that aspirin must be used for an extended period in order to gain any chemopreventive benefit. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Lee, M (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA 54174] NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD APR PY 1999 VL 79 IS 11-12 BP 1646 EP 1650 DI 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690263 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 179FD UT WOS:000079314400003 PM 10206272 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA Miller, B Schwartz, R Henry, DC Nolan, T McCabe, A Magner, DJ Talbot, GH AF Lipsky, BA Miller, B Schwartz, R Henry, DC Nolan, T McCabe, A Magner, DJ Talbot, GH TI Sparfloxacin versus ciprofloxacin for the treatment of community-acquired, complicated skin and skin-structure infections SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID THERAPY; PENETRATION; PATHOGENS; TISSUES AB Fluoroquinolones have been shown to be effective in the treatment of complicated skin and skin-structure infections, in part because of their broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against causative pathogens that are resistant to older antimicrobial agents. We enrolled 603 adult patients (>58% male, >85% white) in a double-masked, double-dummy, randomized, multicenter trial to compare the efficacy and tolerability of sparfloxacin (400-mg loading dose followed by 200 mg once daily) with those of ciprofloxacin (750 mg twice daily) for 10 days in the treatment of community-acquired, complicated skin and skin-structure infections. The primary efficacy variable was clinical response, based on assessment of signs and symptoms, in the clinically assessable population. Patients in the sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin groups were comparable with respect to demographic characteristics, underlying diseases, medical history, and laboratory test results. Wound infection was the most common diagnosis, and Staphylococcus aureus was the most frequently isolated pathogen. For the 475 clinically assessable patients, the clinical success rate (percentage of patients cured or improved) was 90.1% (210/233) with sparfloxacin and 87.2% (211/242) with ciprofloxacin. In this analysis (95% confidence interval [CI], -2.8 to 8.6) and the intent-to-treat analyses (95% CI, -4.2 to 6.2), results with spar floxacin were statistically equivalent to those with ciprofloxacin (95% CI, -1 to 15.3). For bacteriologically assessable patients, eradication rates were 87.0% (141/162) with sparfloxacin and 79.9% (123/154) with ciprofloxacin (95% CI, -1 to 15.3). Eradication rates of S aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococcal infections were 90.2% (101/112) with sparfloxacin and 77.9% (88/113) with ciprofloxacin. For patients with 2 or more pathogens at baseline (mixed infections), bacteriologic success was 87.6% for sparfloxacin and 77.9% for ciprofloxacin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections were eradicated or presumed eradicated in 71.4% (10/14) of sparfloxacin-treated patients and 87.5% (7/8) of ciprofloxacin-treated patients. Overall success rates in the bacteriologically assessable patients for sparfloxacin (84.6% [137/162]) and ciprofloxacin (78.6% [121/154]) were statistically equivalent (95% CI, -2.5 to 14.5). Tolerability was assessed in all patients who received study medication. The overall frequency of treatment-related adverse events was comparable in the 2 treatment groups (26.5% sparfloxacin, 23.3% ciprofloxacin). Drug-related adverse events involving the digestive system occurred in 7.1% of sparfloxacin-treated patients and 19.0% of ciprofloxacin-treated patients; photosensitivity reactions were reported in 11.1% of patients in the sparfloxacin group and 0.7% of patients in the ciprofloxacin group (P < 0.001). The mean change in QT,interval from baseline to the maximum on-treatment value was greater in the sparfloxacin group (9 milliseconds) than in the ciprofloxacin group (3 milliseconds) (P = 0.005; 95% CI, 0.002 to 0.010). The efficacy of sparfloxacin was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of community-acquired, complicated skin and skin-structure infections, including those caused by staphylococci, the most common pathogens. Sparfloxacin's once-daily regimen, high skin-tissue penetration, and improved activity against gram-positive cocci make it a therapeutic alternative to ciprofloxacin for patients who are not at risk for photosensitivity reactions or adverse events associated with prolongation of the QT(c) interval. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Clin 111M, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Lipsky, BA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Clin 111M, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD APR PY 1999 VL 21 IS 4 BP 675 EP 690 DI 10.1016/S0149-2918(00)88319-8 PG 16 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 197YB UT WOS:000080393000006 PM 10363733 ER PT J AU Watkins, KE Shaner, A Sullivan, G AF Watkins, KE Shaner, A Sullivan, G TI The role of gender in engaging the dually diagnosed in treatment SO COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID MENTAL-DISORDERS; SEX-DIFFERENCES; SCHIZOPHRENIA; ADDICTION; ILLNESS; ALCOHOL; WOMEN; ABUSE AB Individuals with both a serious mental illness and substance abuse are particularly difficult to engage in treatment. Given known gender differences in both substance abuse and schizophrenia, we examined the impact of gender on treatment engagement. Qualitative interviews with ten males and eleven females focused on how the client perceived the engagement process, and what obstacles they faced. While both males and females are difficult to engage, the interviews suggest that they experience the process differently and that they face different obstacles. We discuss the implication for service providers, C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Robert Wood Johnson Clin Sch Program, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, W Los Angeles, CA USA. Ctr Mental Healthcare Res Freeway Med Tower, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Watkins, KE (reprint author), Rand Corp, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH30911] NR 24 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 3 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC-HUMAN SCIENCES PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 0010-3853 J9 COMMUNITY MENT HLT J JI Community Ment. Health J. PD APR PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 115 EP 126 DI 10.1023/A:1018716629998 PG 12 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 181VA UT WOS:000079462100002 PM 10412621 ER PT J AU Baskin, DG Breininger, JF Schwartz, MW AF Baskin, DG Breininger, JF Schwartz, MW TI Leptin receptor mRNA identifies a subpopulation of neuropeptide Y neurons activated by fasting in rat hypothalamus SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN MESSENGER-RNA; OBESE GENE-PRODUCT; BODY-WEIGHT; OB/OB MICE; RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; ZUCKER RATS; OB PROTEIN; MOUSE; EXPRESSION; BRAIN AB The decline of leptin (Ob protein) concentrations during fasting is implicated as a signal for increasing the expression of the orexigenic peptide neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the hypothalamus, To test the hypothesis that the effects of food intake on arcuate nucleus NPY activation are mediated by leptin, we performed simultaneous triple in situ hybridization colocalization studies to determine whether the subset of NPY neurons that are activated by fasting preferentially expresses the long form of the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb), Thus, mRNAs encoding NPY and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) were colocalized in the arcuate nucleus of fed and fasted rats by fluorescence in situ hybridization in combination,vith isotopic in situ hybridization for Ob-Rb mRNA, In fed animals, 47% of arcuate nucleus neurons containing NPY mRNA also contained Ob-Rb mRNA, compared with 79% of POMC neurons (P < 0.01), After a 2-day fast, the number of arcuate nucleus neurons with NPY mRNA increased 50% (P < 0.05); the number of these that coexpressed Ob-Rb increased twofold (P = 0.013), Furthermore, Ob-Rb mRNA hybridization in individual NPY neurons increased by 64% (P < 0.02), In contrast, the number of POMC neurons that coexpressed Ob-Rb was unchanged. A significant interpretation of these findings is that the NPY neurons that do not express detectable levels of Ob-Rb mRNA are not activated by fasting, whereas the NPY neurons that are activated by fasting are the ones that express Ob-Rb, These data demonstrate a significant physiological difference between NPY neurons that express Ob-Rb and those that do not. The results support the conclusion that the effect of food intake on NPY neurons is mediated by the direct action of leptin via Ob-Rb receptors expressed by these NPY cells. The results also indicate that expression of Ob-Rb is a defining phenotypic characteristic of the subset of arcuate nucleus NPY neurons that are activated by fasting and play a central role in the adaptive response to negative energy balance. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol Metab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Endocrinol Metab, Mail Stop 151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM baskindg@u.washington.edu RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-17047, DK-52989]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS32273] NR 42 TC 216 Z9 224 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0012-1797 EI 1939-327X J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD APR PY 1999 VL 48 IS 4 BP 828 EP 833 DI 10.2337/diabetes.48.4.828 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 180UG UT WOS:000079403100020 PM 10102700 ER PT J AU Lipton, A Berenson, JR AF Lipton, A Berenson, JR TI Bisphosphonate treatment of lytic bone metastases SO DRUGS & AGING LA English DT Article ID BREAST-CANCER; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; CONTROLLED TRIAL; INTRAVENOUS PAMIDRONATE; CLODRONATE; DIPHOSPHONATE; MULTICENTER; CARCINOMA; EFFICACY; WOMEN AB Tumour-induced osteolysis or lytic bone disease is mediated by osteoclast activation. Osteoclasts can be activated directly by tumour products or indirectly through an influence on other cells. By reducing osteoclastic activity, bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption. Pamidronate is a second-generation aminobisphosphonate that is a potent inhibitor of osteoclastic activity. In multiple myeloma, a phase III study has shown that the proportion of patients at the end of 21 months who had any skeletal event was significantly lower in the pamidronate group (38%) than in the placebo group (58%). The therapeutic benefit was independent of the type of antimyeloma chemotherapy. Patients who received pamidronate had significant decrease in bone pain and delayed deterioration in performance status and quality of life. Overall there was no survival advantage in patients who received pamidronate. In similar fashion, in 2 phase III breast cancer trials, patients who received pamidronate had fewer skeletal events, decrease in bone pain and analgesic use, and slower deterioration of performance status that in those patients receiving placebo. Again, there was no survival advantage in these patients. Recent studies suggest that the bisphosphonates clodronate can prevent the development of bone metastases in patients with breast cancer. C1 Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Haematol Oncol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Lipton, A (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Haematol Oncol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 1170-229X J9 DRUG AGING JI Drugs Aging PD APR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 241 EP 246 DI 10.2165/00002512-199914040-00001 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 189FP UT WOS:000079894100001 PM 10319239 ER PT J AU Felsenfeld, AJ AF Felsenfeld, AJ TI Bone, parathyroid hormone and the response to the rapid induction of hypocalcaemia SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CALCIUM; HUMANS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-2972 J9 EUR J CLIN INVEST JI Eur. J. Clin. Invest. PD APR PY 1999 VL 29 IS 4 BP 274 EP 277 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 193HU UT WOS:000080130500002 PM 10231337 ER PT J AU Castle, SC Uyemura, K Crawford, W Wong, W Klaustermeyer, WB Makinodan, T AF Castle, SC Uyemura, K Crawford, W Wong, W Klaustermeyer, WB Makinodan, T TI Age-related impaired proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with an increase in both IL-10 and IL-12 SO EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aging; interleukin-10; interleukin-12; Staphylococcus entertoxin B; superantigen ID HUMAN T-CELLS; INTERLEUKIN-10 PRODUCTION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; B7/CD28 INTERACTION; SUBSETS; DYSREGULATION; EXPRESSION AB Reflective of age-associated decline in immune function among elderly individuals is a decrease in in vitro T cell proliferative ability. Impaired T cell proliferation in the elderly may result from disruption of the well-balanced network of regulatory cytokines produced during an immune response. The purpose of this study was to identify age-related changes in the production of interleukin (IL)-10 and IL-12, and to determine whether in vitro T cell proliferation can be enhanced in the elderly by modulation of these two key cytokines. The superantigen Staphyloccocus enterotoxin B (SEB) was used to stimulate proliferation and IL-10 and IL-12 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in vitro. Proliferation was determined by standard tritiated thymidine uptake. Cytokine levels in culture supermatants were measured by ELISA, We observed impaired SEE-induced proliferation of PBMC in the elderly that is comparable to that seen with the polyclonal mitogen Con A, This age-related decline in proliferation was associated with increased production of both IL-10 and IL-12, Modulation of PBMC proliferative response with either recombinant IL-12 or IL-10-neutralizing antibodies can boost proliferation of elderly PBMC to the levels seen in unmodulated young controls. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Multicampus Div Geriatr & Gerontol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Castle, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Multicampus Div Geriatr & Gerontol, 11301 Wilshire Ave,Bldg 220,Room 314, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 23 TC 43 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0531-5565 J9 EXP GERONTOL JI Exp. Gerontol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 34 IS 2 BP 243 EP 252 DI 10.1016/S0531-5565(98)00064-3 PG 10 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 180JK UT WOS:000079382300009 PM 10363790 ER PT J AU Sato, T Laver, JH Aiba, Y Ogawa, M AF Sato, T Laver, JH Aiba, Y Ogawa, M TI NK cell colony formation from human fetal thymocytes SO EXPERIMENTAL HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE clonal cell culture; human natural killer cell; fetal thymocyte; natural killer cell colony ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; RECEPTOR-GAMMA-CHAIN; HEMATOPOIETIC PROGENITOR CELLS; BONE-MARROW-CELLS; IL-2 RECEPTOR; INTERLEUKIN-2 IL-2; FUNCTIONAL COMPONENT; CULTURE; DIFFERENTIATION; COMPLEXES AB We established a clonal cell culture system for human natural killer (NK) cells from fetal thymoctes . Thymocytes of 16 to 22 gestational weeks were cultured in methylcellulose in the presence of interleukin (IL)-7, IL-15, and steel factor (SF), After 14 days in incubation, large, diffuse colonies consisting of small cells,were identified. Cells in the colonies vr-ere medium- to large-sized granular lymphocytes, expressing CD56 but not CD3, and revealed lytic activity against K562 cells, Colony-forming units (CFU)NK were enriched in lineage negative (Lin(-)) CD34(++) subpopulations of fetal thymocytes, whereas a smaller number of CFU-NK also existed in Lin(-)CD34(+) and Lin(-)CD34(-) subpopulations. Cytokine requirement for the WR cell colony formation was examined under serum-free conditions. As a single agent, only IL-15, but not IL-2, IL-7, or SF, supported NK cell colony formation. IL-15 had synergy with IL-7 and SF independently, and the maximal number of colonies were obtained when the three cytokines were present. IL-2 also supported NK cell colony formation in the presence of SF, When IL-2 was added to cultures containing IL-15 alone, IL-15 plus SF, or IL-15, SF, and IL-7, the numbers of NK cell colonies were reduced relative to those without IL-2, These results indicate that IL-2 may regulate IL-15-responsive Nti cell progenitors. This clonal culture system will be a useful tool in the investigation of NK cell ontogeny, (C) 1999 International Society for Experimental Hematology, Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Ogawa, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. EM ogawam@musc.edu NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0301-472X J9 EXP HEMATOL JI Exp. Hematol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 27 IS 4 BP 726 EP 733 DI 10.1016/S0301-472X(99)00005-3 PG 8 WC Hematology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Hematology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 185VB UT WOS:000079690600016 PM 10210330 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Guth, PH Engel, E Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Guth, PH Engel, E Kaunitz, JD TI Luminal acid produces duodenal hyperemia via trans-epithelial proton transport and afferent nerve capsaicin receptors SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0473 BP A109 EP A109 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400474 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Guth, PH Engel, E Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Guth, PH Engel, E Kaunitz, JD TI Repeated acid exposure creates acute adaptation of intracellular pH by activation of Na+: HCO(3)(-)cotransport in rat duodenal mucosa SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0472 BP A109 EP A109 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400473 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Tomikawa, M Sarfeh, IJ Tarnawski, AS Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Tomikawa, M Sarfeh, IJ Tarnawski, AS Kaunitz, JD TI Mechanisms of impairment of gastric defense mechanisms to luminal acid and ethanol in portal hypertensive rats SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, VAMC, Long Beach, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0471 BP A109 EP A109 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400472 ER PT J AU Carta, M Atzei, A Cugia, L Idda, M Casu, M Dore, MP Realdi, G AF Carta, M Atzei, A Cugia, L Idda, M Casu, M Dore, MP Realdi, G TI Low incidence of Helicobacter pylori reinfection three years after eradication SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med Sassari, Sassari, Italy. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0571 BP A132 EP A132 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400572 ER PT J AU Cugia, L Atzei, A Carta, M Idda, M Bilotta, M Dore, MP Bindi, B Bianco, P Meloni, M Sanna, A Realdi, G AF Cugia, L Atzei, A Carta, M Idda, M Bilotta, M Dore, MP Bindi, B Bianco, P Meloni, M Sanna, A Realdi, G TI New triple therapy for H-pylori infection that is effective in a region with a high rate of antibiotic resistance SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med Sassari, Sassari, Italy. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Reg Hosp, Sassari, Italy. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0613 BP A142 EP A142 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400614 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Yamaoka, Y Realdi, G Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR AF Dore, MP Yamaoka, Y Realdi, G Graham, DY Sepulveda, AR TI Helicobacter infection in sheep: Vehicle for transmission or ancestral host? SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Med Sassari, Sassari, Italy. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0649 BP A150 EP A150 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400650 ER PT J AU Dore, MP Osato, MS Malaty, HM Graham, DY AF Dore, MP Osato, MS Malaty, HM Graham, DY TI Confirmation of the ability to culture Helicobacter pylori from the feces of infected patients SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0648 BP A150 EP A150 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400649 ER PT J AU Gukovskaya, AS Zaninovic, V Lam, H Mouria, M Neil, L Pandol, SJ AF Gukovskaya, AS Zaninovic, V Lam, H Mouria, M Neil, L Pandol, SJ TI Neutrophils regulate trypsin activation in cerulein pancreatitis SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G4892 BP A1128 EP A1129 PN 2 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778404893 ER PT J AU Gukovskaya, AS Gukovsky, I Mouria, M Pandol, SJ AF Gukovskaya, AS Gukovsky, I Mouria, M Pandol, SJ TI Cerulein stimulates apoptosis in pancreatic acinar cells SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G4891 BP A1128 EP A1128 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778404892 ER PT J AU Gukovsky, I Jung, Y Periskic, S Zaninovic, V Kim, S Gukovskaya, AS Tsukamoto, H Pando, SJ AF Gukovsky, I Jung, Y Periskic, S Zaninovic, V Kim, S Gukovskaya, AS Tsukamoto, H Pando, SJ TI Ethanol diet sensitizes pancreas to CCK-8 induced activation of NF-KB and cytokine mRNA expression SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G4893 BP A1129 EP A1129 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778404894 ER PT J AU Gukovsky, I Gukovskaya, A Mouria, M Pandol, SJ AF Gukovsky, I Gukovskaya, A Mouria, M Pandol, SJ TI Detachment from extracellular matrix stimulates NF-kappa B activation and apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G1822 BP A416 EP A416 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778401823 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM Jensen, ME King, J Cheng, S Kowal, J Lam, F Fontana, L Gornbein, J AF Jensen, DM Jensen, ME King, J Cheng, S Kowal, J Lam, F Fontana, L Gornbein, J TI Prevalence of H.pylor and outcomes of patients with ulcer hemorrhage related to NSAID utilization: Results of screening for a large multicenter US trial SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, CURE, VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0869 BP A199 EP A199 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400870 ER PT J AU Kearney, DJ Brousal, A AF Kearney, DJ Brousal, A TI Effect of Helicobacter pylori treatment on outpatient pharmacy costs SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0296 BP A70 EP A70 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400297 ER PT J AU Kearney, DJ Brousal, A AF Kearney, DJ Brousal, A TI Treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in clinical practice in the United States: Results from 224 patients SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G0295 BP A69 EP A69 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778400296 ER PT J AU Lee, S Chang, H Livingston, EH AF Lee, S Chang, H Livingston, EH TI Risk assessment for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) complications. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA S0149 BP A1329 EP A1329 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778405757 ER PT J AU Mouria, M Gukovskaya, AS Gukovsky, I Pandol, SJ AF Mouria, M Gukovskaya, AS Gukovsky, I Pandol, SJ TI Effects of polyphenols on apoptosis and NF-kappa B activation in pancreatic cancer cells SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G2064 BP A470 EP A470 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778402065 ER PT J AU Mura, D Deliperi, R Fastame, L Cugia, L Cossu, PA Pisanu, G Dore, MP Realdi, G AF Mura, D Deliperi, R Fastame, L Cugia, L Cossu, PA Pisanu, G Dore, MP Realdi, G TI Interferon therapy of HCV cirrhosis reduces the incidence of HCC, and decompensation, and significantly improves survival: A 5 year comparative trial SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Med Sassari, Sassari, Italy. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA L0310 BP A1251 EP A1251 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778405419 ER PT J AU Wang, YH Ennes, HS Tache, Y Wei, JY Mayer, EA AF Wang, YH Ennes, HS Tache, Y Wei, JY Mayer, EA TI Vagal afferent response to gastric distension in c-kit mutant mice and their wild-type siblings: An in vitro study. SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G4768 BP A1099 EP A1099 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778404769 ER PT J AU Zaninovic, V Gukovskaya, AS Bostandzhyan, E Eysselein, VE Pandol, SJ AF Zaninovic, V Gukovskaya, AS Bostandzhyan, E Eysselein, VE Pandol, SJ TI Effect of overexpression of transforming growth factor alpha on necrotizing cerulein pancreatitis in mice SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 1999 VL 116 IS 4 MA G5107 BP A1179 EP A1179 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 187GJ UT WOS:000079778405108 ER PT J AU Goldberg-Arnold, RJ Atif, Z Pettit, KG Karniecki, DJ Benner, K Zacker, C DiCesare, J Helfand, M AF Goldberg-Arnold, RJ Atif, Z Pettit, KG Karniecki, DJ Benner, K Zacker, C DiCesare, J Helfand, M TI Cost of treating an episode of variceal bleeding in a VA setting SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Arnold Pharmacol Int Inc, New York, NY USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. Novartis Pharms Corp, E Hanover, NJ USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 4 MA 581 BP AB203 EP AB203 PN 2 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 188LH UT WOS:000079848100580 ER PT J AU Glasow, A Bornstein, SR Chrousos, GP Brown, JW Scherbaum, WA AF Glasow, A Bornstein, SR Chrousos, GP Brown, JW Scherbaum, WA TI Detection of Ob-receptor in human adrenal neoplasms and effect of leptin on adrenal cell proliferation SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE immunostaining; leptin receptor; adrenal pathologies ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASE; EXPRESSION; SECRETION; LINE AB Leptin, a hormone mainly secreted from adipose tissue, communicates a metabolic signal to the adrenal gland. Ob-Receptor (Ob-R) expression was reported in rat, mice and human adrenal glands. This study intended to investigate possible differences in the Ob-R expression acid distribution of Ob-R protein in human adrenal tumors as compared to normal adrenal tissue. Proliferative effects of leptin were analyzed in the human adrenocortical carcinoma cell line (NCl-H295). The full length Ob-R mRNA and the isoforms B219.1 and B219.3 could be demonstrated by RT-PCR in all adrenal tumors (n=8), the tumor cell line (NCl-H295) and normal tissue. In contrast the Ob-R isoform B219.2 was absent in the carcinoma cell line and in most of the adrenal tumors (n = 5), whereas it was present in normal adrenals. The Ob-R protein could be demonstrated in benign and malignant adrenocortical tumors. Pheochromocytomas showed only a weak immunostaining with the human Ob-R antibody. Human leptin did not affect the proliferation or variability of adrenal tumor cells as demonstrated by [H-3]-thymidine assay and WST-1 test. In conclusion, although functional leptin receptors are expressed in human adrenal tumors, leptin does not regulate tumor cell proliferation. C1 Univ Leipzig, Med Klin & Poliklin 3, Dept Internal Med 3, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. NICHHD, Dev Endocrinol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Med, Miami, FL USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Med, Miami, FL USA. Univ Dusseldorf, Diabet Res Inst, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany. RP Glasow, A (reprint author), Univ Leipzig, Med Klin & Poliklin 3, Dept Internal Med 3, Philipp Rosenthal Str 27, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. NR 21 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 30 11 20, D-70451 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 31 IS 4 BP 247 EP 251 DI 10.1055/s-2007-978726 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 190ZA UT WOS:000079994400001 PM 10333078 ER PT J AU Giri, D Ittmann, M AF Giri, D Ittmann, M TI Inactivation of the PTEN tumor suppressor gene is associated with increased angiogenesis in clinically localized prostate carcinoma SO HUMAN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostate carcinoma; PTEN; thrombospondin-1; angiogenesis ID CANCER; MUTATIONS; ADENOCARCINOMAS; PTEN/MMAC1; INHIBITION; FREQUENT AB The PTEN tumor suppressor gene encodes a dual-specificity protein phosphatase that may play a key role in modulating integrin-mediated signals. Inactivation of the PTEN gene has been detected in a small percentage of clinically localized prostate cancers but is common in metastatic disease. It has been shown in glioblastoma cell lines that loss of chromosome 10q, where the PTEN gem is located, is associated with increased angiogenic activity in the conditioned medium attributable to downregulation of thrombospondin-l, a negative regulator of angiogenesis. Therefore, we wished to determine whether inactivation of PTEN might be associated with increased angiogenesis in prostate cancers, because increased angiogenesis in localized cancers is associated with development of metastatic disease. Angiogenesis was assessed by counting microvessels in areas of maximal neovascularization after immunostaining with anti-factor VIII-related antigen antibodies in eight cases with proven homozygous deletion of the PTEN gene and 24 control cases. There was: a statistically significant correlation between PTEN inactivation and increased microvessel counts. The microvessel density was higher at all Gleason scores in the cases with PTEN inactivation compared with control cases with the same score. To determine whether the increased angiogenesis in cases with PTEN inactivation was caused by downregulation of expression of the angiogenesis inhibitor thrombospondin-l, we analyzed a subset of the cases by immunostaining with anti-thrombospondin-1 antibody. Approximately 25% of cases showed decreased staining of prostate cancer cells, but there was no correlation with PTEN inactivation. Thus, PTEN inactivation is associated with increased angiogenesis, but the increased, angiogenesis is not attributable to downregulation of thrombospondin-1 expression. Copyright (C) 1999 by W.B. Saunders Company. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ittmann, M (reprint author), Houston VAMC, Res Serv 151, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 20 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0046-8177 J9 HUM PATHOL JI Hum. Pathol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 30 IS 4 BP 419 EP 424 DI 10.1016/S0046-8177(99)90117-X PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 184NY UT WOS:000079619300010 PM 10208463 ER PT J AU George, MS Stallings, LE Speer, AM Nahas, Z Spicer, KM Vincent, DJ Bohning, DE Cheng, KT Molloy, M Teneback, CC Risch, SC AF George, MS Stallings, LE Speer, AM Nahas, Z Spicer, KM Vincent, DJ Bohning, DE Cheng, KT Molloy, M Teneback, CC Risch, SC TI Prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) changes relative perfusion locally and remotely SO HUMAN PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL LA English DT Article DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; prefrontal cortex; cingulate; SPECT; blood flow; imaging ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; SIMPLE REACTION-TIME; MAJOR DEPRESSION; GLUCOSE-METABOLISM; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; MOOD DISORDERS; IMPROVES MOOD; BLOOD-FLOW; CORTEX; TMS AB Although transcranial magnetic stimulation has been used as a stand-alone brain mapping tool, relatively few studies have attempted to couple TMS with functional brain imaging to understand the neurobiological effects of TMS. Technical problems of placing a TMS coil in a PET or MRI scanner have hampered previous efforts at imaging the immediate effects of TMS. Perfusion SPECT offers the advantage of tracer injection away from the camera, with later image development. We wondered if perfusion SPECT could be used to visualize brain changes during rTMS over the left prefrontal cortex - a region where rTMS has been shown to cause changes in mood or working memory. Eight healthy adult subjects were scanned with brain SPECT scintigraphy using 30 mCi (1110 MBq) Neurolite(R) (DuPont Pharma) on a triple-headed Picker camera. Each subject had three scans: (1) baseline, (2) bolus tracer injection during seconds 10-20 of a train of 2 min of left prefrontal rTMS 10 Hz; 60% motor threshold (MT); 10 s on/off, 600 stimuli) (2MIN), and (3) exactly as in the 2MIN, but immediately after subjects had received 18 min of high frequency stimulation (20 Hz; 80% MT; 2 s on/28 s off, 1440 + 600 = 2040 total stimuli) (20MIN). Scans were linearly transformed into Talairach space using SPM96b and compared across conditions (p < 0.05 for display). Contrary to our prestudy hypothesis, there was no relative increase at the coil site during the 2 min or the 20 min scan compared to baseline. In fact, at the 20 min comparison perfusion was relatively decreased in the right prefrontal cortex, bilateral anterior cingulate, and anterior temporal cortex. Also, relative perfusion was significantly increased in the orbitofrontal cortex (L > R) and hypothalamus at 20 min and at 2 min, with thalamic increases occurring at the 20 min scan compared to baseline. There was an apparent TMS dose effect with twice as many decreases at 20 min than 2 min. Directly comparing the 20 min to the 2 min scans demonstrated opposite hemisphere decreases and relative increases in the ipsilateral (left) hemisphere as a function of more TMS stimuli. Full interpretation of these results is hampered by incomplete knowledge of the effect of the relative amount of stimulation to rest during tracer uptake, pharmacokinetics of tracer uptake, and depth and intensity of the magnetic field. Nevertheless, coupling rTMS with split-dose perfusion SPECT appears to be a promising method for understanding the brain changes associated with rTMS, and for directly visualizing neural circuits. We have demonstrated that prefrontal rTMS at high frequencies has both local and remote effects. These imaging results may help explain the cognitive and behavioural effects demonstrated in other prefrontal rTMS studies involving mood and working memory. Copyright (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP George, MS (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 50 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX PO19 1UD, ENGLAND SN 0885-6222 J9 HUM PSYCHOPHARM CLIN JI Hum. Psychopharmacol.-Clin. Exp. PD APR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 3 BP 161 EP + DI 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1077(199904)14:3<161::AID-HUP73>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 198LU UT WOS:000080426300002 ER PT J AU Kirikae, T Nitta, T Kirikae, F Suda, Y Kusumoto, S Qureshi, N Nakano, M AF Kirikae, T Nitta, T Kirikae, F Suda, Y Kusumoto, S Qureshi, N Nakano, M TI Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of oral black-pigmented bacteria induce tumor necrosis factor production by LPS-refractory C3H/HeJ macrophages in a way different from that of Salmonella LPS SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID DIPHOSPHORYL-LIPID-A; PORPHYROMONAS BACTEROIDES GINGIVALIS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; C3H-HEJ MICE; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; ENDOTOXIN PROTEIN; SPLEEN-CELLS; GAMMA; TAXOL; 2-KETO-3-DEOXYOCTONATE AB Some lipopolysaccharide (LPS) preparations from S- or R-form members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and oral black-pigmented bacteria (Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia) are known to activate LPS-refractory C3H/HeJ macrophages, When contaminating proteins are removed from R-form LPS of Enterobacteriaceae by repurification, however, this ability is lost. In the present study, we investigated the capacity of LPS from P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, Salmonella minnesota, and Salmonella abortusequi to induce production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in gamma interferon-primed C3H/HeJ macrophages before and after repurification. P. abortusequi S-LPS was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography into bo LPS forms: SL-LPS, having homologous long O-polysaccharide chains, and SS-LPS having short oligosaccharide chains. Prior to repurification, all LPS forms except SL-LPS induced TNF production in both C3H/HeJ and C3H/HeN macrophages, Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that repurification removed contaminating protein from the preparations, and repurified SS-LPS and S. minnesota Ra-LPS no longer stimulated TNF production in C3H/HeJ macrophages, although C3H/HeN macrophages remained responsive. In contrast, repurified oral bacterial LPS retained the capacity to induce TNF production in C3H/HeJ macrophages. Oral bacterial LPS preparations also were not antagonized by excess inactive, repurified SL-LPS; Ra-LPS; Rhodobacter sphaeroides lipid A, a competitive LPS antagonist, or paclitaxel, an LPS agonist, and they were comparatively resistant to polymyxin B treatment. Nevertheless, oral bacterial LPS was less toxic to D-galactosamine-treated C3H/HeN mice than was LPS from Salmonella. These findings indicate that the active molecule(s) and mode of action of LPS from P. gingivalis and P. intermedia are quite different from those of LPS from Salmonella. C1 Jichi Med Sch, Dept Microbiol, Minami Kawachi, Tochigi 3290498, Japan. Ohu Univ, Sch Dent, Dept Bacteriol, Koriyama, Fukushima 9638611, Japan. Osaka Univ, Fac Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 5600043, Japan. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Mycobacterial Res Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Kirikae, T (reprint author), Jichi Med Sch, Dept Microbiol, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Minami Kawachi, Tochigi 3290498, Japan. EM tkirikae@jichi.ac.jp NR 41 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 4 BP 1736 EP 1742 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 178QZ UT WOS:000079278700029 PM 10085012 ER PT J AU Saluzzi-Oefner, J Duerinckx, A AF Saluzzi-Oefner, J Duerinckx, A TI NASCI editorial SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIAC IMAGING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NASCI, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, MRI Clin, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Saluzzi-Oefner, J (reprint author), NASCI, 156 S Spruce Ave,Suite 207A, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-9899 J9 INT J CARDIAC IMAG JI Int. J. Card. Imaging PD APR PY 1999 VL 15 IS 2 BP 95 EP 96 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 222UR UT WOS:000081804100001 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Goldstein, G Mariano, E AF Allen, DN Goldstein, G Mariano, E TI Is the Halstead Category Test a multidimensional instrument? SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTELLIGENCE AB Factor structure of the Halstead Category Test was evaluated in patients with schizophrenia, heterogeneous forms of brain damage, and patient controls using confirmatory factor analysis. Analyses were performed including and excluding subtests 1 and 2. In the first analysis, a three-factor model was optimal, with subtests 1 and 2 loading on one factor (Counting), 3, 4, and 7 loading on a second factor (Spatial Positional Reasoning), and subtests 5 and 6 loading on a third factor (Proportional Reasoning). Excluding subtests 1 and 2, a two-factor solution was optimal consisting of the Spatial Positional (subtests 3 and 4) and Proportional Reasoning (subtests 5 and 6) factors, with subtest 7 loading on both factors. Optimal factor structures for the three groups were identical. Correlations between factor scores were similar among groups. Factor scores also correlated significantly (p < .01) with all of the other cognitive measures. It was concluded that the Category Test is a multidimensional procedure with factors associated in a general way with other cognitive abilities. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Allen, DN (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU SWETS ZEITLINGER PUBLISHERS PI LISSE PA P O BOX 825, 2160 SZ LISSE, NETHERLANDS SN 1380-3395 J9 J CLIN EXP NEUROPSYC JI J. Clin. Exp. Neuropsychol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 237 EP 244 DI 10.1076/jcen.21.2.237.926 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 226CL UT WOS:000082002700008 PM 10425520 ER PT J AU Deutsch, JC Sandhu, IS Lawrence, SP AF Deutsch, JC Sandhu, IS Lawrence, SP TI Splenosis presenting as an ulcerated gastric mass - Endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasonographic imaging SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE splenosis; endoscopic ultrasonography ID LEFT RENAL MASS; THORACIC SPLENOSIS; MIMICKING AB A case of an ulcerated gastric wall mass ultimately found to be splenosis is presented in which the index patient had endoscopic and endoscopic ultrasonographic evaluation prior to resection. Although no visual features identified this mass as a splenic implant preoperatively, the lesion appeared to be atypical for leiomyoma, which led to surgical intervention. The role of endoscopic ultrasonography in assessing isolated gastric masses is discussed. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Hematol, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Deutsch, JC (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Hosp, Div Gastroenterol, 4200 E 9th Ave,Campus Box B-170, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0192-0790 J9 J CLIN GASTROENTEROL JI J. Clin. Gastroenterol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 3 BP 266 EP 267 DI 10.1097/00004836-199904000-00020 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 178XH UT WOS:000079294100020 PM 10192620 ER PT J AU Richter, S Cormican, MG Pfaller, MA Lee, CK Gingrich, R Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA AF Richter, S Cormican, MG Pfaller, MA Lee, CK Gingrich, R Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA TI Fatal disseminated Trichoderma longibrachiatum infection in an adult bone marrow transplant patient: Species identification and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INVASIVE FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; SECTION LONGIBRACHIATUM; GENUS TRICHODERMA; RISK-FACTORS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RECIPIENT; REVISION; PERITONITIS; MANAGEMENT; TRENDS AB Trichoderma longibrachiatum was recovered from stool surveillance cultures and a perirectal ulcer biopsy specimen from a 29-year-old male who had received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The amphotericin B (2.0 mu g/ml) and itraconazole (1.0 mu g/ml) MICs for the organism were elevated. Therapy with these agents was unsuccessful, and the patient died on day 58 posttransplantation, At autopsy, histologic sections from the lungs, liver, brain, and intestinal wall showed infiltration by branching septate hyphae, Cultures were positive for Trichoderma longibrachiatum. While Trichoderma species have been recognized to be pathogenic in profoundly immunosuppressed hosts with increasing frequency, this is the first report of probable acquisition through the gastrointestinal tract. Salient features regarding the identification of molds in the Trichoderma longibrachiatum species aggregate are presented. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Med Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Med, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pfaller, MA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Med Microbiol, C606 GH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. NR 37 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 4 BP 1154 EP 1160 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 175QF UT WOS:000079105500046 PM 10074541 ER PT J AU Kleiner, J Altshuler, L Hendrick, V Hershman, JM AF Kleiner, J Altshuler, L Hendrick, V Hershman, JM TI Lithium-induced subclinical hypothyroidism: Review of the literature and guidelines for treatment SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Review ID BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE-DISORDER; SYMPTOMLESS AUTOIMMUNE-THYROIDITIS; MANIC-DEPRESSIVE PATIENTS; L-THYROXINE TREATMENT; LONG-TERM; BONE LOSS; ANTITHYROID ANTIBODIES; REFRACTORY DEPRESSION; NATURAL COURSE; DOUBLE-BLIND AB Background: This review addresses the definition, prevalence, etiology, and clinical significance of lithium-associated subclinical hypothyroidism and offers guidelines for evaluation and treatment of this condition. Data Sources: MEDLINE was used to search all articles written in English from 1964-present that included the words lithium and thyroid; lithium and subclinical hypothyroidism; mood and thyroid function; and bipolar illness and thyroid function. Study Findings: Lithium interferes with thyroid metabolism and increases the incidence of overt and subclinical hypothyroidism. Subclinical hypothyroidism may be associated with the presence of somatic and neuropsychiatric symptoms and interfere with treatment responsiveness. Conclusion: A careful assessment of thyroid function is recommended prior to initiating lithium treatment and during maintenance treatment. Recommendations regarding the threshold for initiation of thyroxine supplementation in patients with lithium-associated subclinical hypothyroidism are discussed in relationship to the degree of detrimental effects potentially associated with thyroid dysfunction. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, UCLA Mood Disorders Res Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Altshuler, L (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, UCLA Mood Disorders Res Program, 300 Med Plaza,Suite 1544, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 96 TC 63 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 1 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD APR PY 1999 VL 60 IS 4 BP 249 EP 255 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 189TB UT WOS:000079921300009 PM 10221287 ER PT J AU Glynn, SM Eth, S Randolph, ET Foy, DW Urbaitis, M Boxer, L Paz, GG Leong, GB Firman, G Salk, JD Katzman, JW Crothers, J AF Glynn, SM Eth, S Randolph, ET Foy, DW Urbaitis, M Boxer, L Paz, GG Leong, GB Firman, G Salk, JD Katzman, JW Crothers, J TI A test of behavioral family therapy to augment exposure for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder SO JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOTHERAPY OUTCOME RESEARCH; FLOODING THERAPY; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT; VIETNAM VETERANS; SELF-REPORT; PTSD; MANAGEMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCALE; DEPRESSION AB This study tested a family-based skills-building intervention in veterans with chronic combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Veterans and a family member were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 conditions: (a) waiting list, (b) 18 sessions of twice-weekly exposure therapy, or (c) 18 sessions of twice-weekly exposure therapy followed by 16 sessions of behavioral family therapy (BFT). Participation in exposure therapy reduced PTSD positive symptoms (e.g., reexperiencing and hyperarousal) but not PTSD negative symptoms. Positive symptom gains were maintained at 6-month follow-up. However, participation in BFT had no additional impact on PTSD symptoms. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Pepperdine Univ, Grad Sch Educ & Psychol, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Glynn, SM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 65 TC 103 Z9 103 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0022-006X J9 J CONSULT CLIN PSYCH JI J. Consult. Clin. Psychol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 2 BP 243 EP 251 DI 10.1037/0022-006X.67.2.243 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 186MK UT WOS:000079733400010 PM 10224735 ER PT J AU Justice, AC AF Justice, AC TI Editorial freedom SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Justice, AC (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 4 BP 265 EP 265 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00331.x PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 188EK UT WOS:000079833600012 PM 10203643 ER PT J AU Barnes, JL Mitchell, RJ Kanalas, JJ Barnes, VL AF Barnes, JL Mitchell, RJ Kanalas, JJ Barnes, VL TI Differential expression of thrombospondin and cellular fibronectin during remodeling in proliferative glomerulonephritis SO JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY & CYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE thrombospondin; alternatively spliced fibronectin; mesangial cell; migration; proliferation; extracellular matrix ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; HABU SNAKE-VENOM; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; MESANGIAL CELLS; MOUSE EMBRYO; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; WOUND REPAIR; MIGRATION; MACROPHAGES; PROTEINS AB Thrombospondin-l (TSP-1) and an alternatively spliced fibronectin (Fn)-EIIIA isoform are adhesive proteins associated with embryogenesis and tissue remodeling. We compared, by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, the course of TSP-1 and Fn-EIIIA expression in a model of glomerulonephritis induced by Habu snake venom (HV) and characterized by mesangial cell migration, proliferation, and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis. At 24 hr after HV, TSP-1 and Fn-EIIIA proteins localized in the central aspects of lesions associated with platelets and macrophages and at the margins of lesions coinciding with mesangial cell migration (determined by Thy-1 staining). Mesangial cells at this time expressed TSP-1 but not Fn-EIIIA mRNA. TSP-1 protein and mRNA peaked in lesions at 48 hr and were associated with cell proliferation (determined by PCNA, alpha-smooth muscle actin phenotype, and expression of beta-PDCF receptor mRNA). TSP-1 expression declined at 72 hr when expression of ECM synthesis peaked, as determined by increased expression of collagen Type IV, laminin, and TGF-beta(1) protein and mRNA. Mesangial cell expression of Fn-EIIIA was first observed at 48 hr and was most abundant at 72 hr after HV. Therefore, platelet- and macrophage-derived Fn-EIIIA and TSP-1 in early lesions are associated with mesangial cell migration. Mesangial cell upregulation of TSP-1 is associated with migration and proliferation but not maximal ECM accumulation, whereas mesangial cell expression of Fn-EIIIA is associated with proliferation and ECM accumulation. These results suggest distinctive temporal and spatial roles for TSP-1 and Fn-EIIIA in remodeling during glomerular disease. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Med Res Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. RP Barnes, JL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK38758] NR 68 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC PI SEATTLE PA UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOSTRUCTURE, BOX 357420, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA SN 0022-1554 J9 J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM JI J. Histochem. Cytochem. PD APR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 4 BP 533 EP 543 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 181RZ UT WOS:000079457300012 PM 10082755 ER PT J AU Poniachik, J Baraona, E Zhao, JB Lieber, CS AF Poniachik, J Baraona, E Zhao, JB Lieber, CS TI Dilinoleoylphosphatidylcholine decreases hepatic stellate cell activation SO JOURNAL OF LABORATORY AND CLINICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FAT-STORING CELLS; CULTURED HUMAN-FIBROBLASTS; COLLAGEN GENE-EXPRESSION; ALCOHOLIC LIVER-DISEASE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; RAT-LIVER; TRANSITIONAL CELLS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; ASCORBIC-ACID AB The prevention of cirrhosis in alcohol-fed baboons by the administration of a soybean extract-43% to 50% of which was dilinoleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DLPC) and 24% of which was 1,palmitoyl 2,linoleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (PLPC)-was associated with a significant reduction in the number of stellate cells transformed to myofibroblast-like cells. To study whether these two major phospholipids affect the similar transformation that occurs by culturing stellate cells on uncoated plastic, we assessed their effects on proliferation (by (methyl-(3)H)-thymidine incorporation into DNA), expression of a-smooth muscle actin and type I procollagen (by densitometry of Western blots), and collagen synthesis (by incorporation of tritiated proline into collagenase-digestible proteins). These manifestations of stellate cell activation were decreased by 10 mu mol/L DLPC but not by in mu mol/L PLPC when compared with controls incubated either with 17 mmol/L ethanol (used as solvent for the phospholipids) or without addition. These agents did not affect cell viability, contamination with other cells, or the capacity of stellate cells to synthesize protein. Thus DLPC specifically decreases the in vitro activation of stellate cells, as judged by the decreases in proliferative activity, a-smooth muscle actin and procollagen I expressions, and collagen synthesis, whereas PLPC did not show such effects. alpha(1)-Procollagen (type I) mRNA was not affected by DLPC, suggesting a posttranslational effect. The reduction in the activation of hepatic stellate cells by DLPC may be responsible for, or at least contribute to, the prevention of fibrosis by the polyenylphosphatidylcholine mixture administered in vivo. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment, Sect Liver Dis & Nutr, Bronx, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Alcohol Res Ctr, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA 07275, AA11115] NR 32 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-2143 J9 J LAB CLIN MED JI J. Lab. Clin. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 133 IS 4 BP 342 EP 348 DI 10.1016/S0022-2143(99)90064-1 PG 7 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Medical Laboratory Technology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 183RB UT WOS:000079566300004 PM 10218764 ER PT J AU Chou, YK Bourdette, DN Barnes, D Finn, TP Murray, S Unsicker, L Robey, I Whitham, RH Buenafe, AC Allegretta, M Offner, H Vandenbark, AA AF Chou, YK Bourdette, DN Barnes, D Finn, TP Murray, S Unsicker, L Robey, I Whitham, RH Buenafe, AC Allegretta, M Offner, H Vandenbark, AA TI IL-7 enhances Ag-specific human T cell response by increasing expression of IL-2R alpha and gamma chains SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE IL-7; IL-2R; human T cells; survival factor ID MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; PROTEOLIPID PROTEIN; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; INTERLEUKIN-7 IL-7; BCL-2 EXPRESSION; CDR2 PEPTIDES; GROWTH-FACTOR; KILLER-CELLS; IN-VITRO AB Interleukin-7 has demonstrated potent enhancing effects on the growth and differentiation of several immature cell types, including thymocytes, and on survival of resting and antigen activated T cells. In this study, we evaluated the effects of IL-7 on post-thymic antigen-specific T cells from human blood. IL-7 was found to enhance proliferation responses and IFN-gamma secretion of myelin or recall Ag-specific Th1 cells through the selective up-regulation of the IL-2R alpha and gamma but not beta chains in both an Ag-dependent and Ag-independent manner, but did not affect monocytes, B cells, or NK cells. These functions of IL-7 enhanced the detection of Th1 but not Th2 cell frequency by > 2.5 fold, and promoted selection of kg-specific Th1 cells by the limiting dilution method. Moreover, IL-7 pretreatment conferred increased resistance of CD4 + T cells to CD8 + cell lysis, These studies demonstrate that IL-7 promotes the growth and survival of circulating Ag-specific human Th1 cells through a mechanism that probably involves the gamma c common receptor for IL-2 family members that includes IL-7. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Connet Corp, Palo Alto, CA 94303 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Chou, YK (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM barnesd@ohsu.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS23221, NS23444] NR 43 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5728 J9 J NEUROIMMUNOL JI J. Neuroimmunol. PD APR 1 PY 1999 VL 96 IS 1 BP 101 EP 111 DI 10.1016/S0165-5728(99)00002-8 PG 11 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 186BT UT WOS:000079707500011 PM 10227429 ER PT J AU Sherwood, AM AF Sherwood, AM TI Aging in America SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 VA Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Rehabil Res, Houston, TX 77211 USA. VA Med Ctr, Dev Ctr Healthy Aging Disabil, Houston, TX USA. RP Sherwood, AM (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Ctr Excellence Rehabil Res, Houston, TX 77211 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 2 BP VII EP VIII PG 2 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VH UT WOS:000085584800001 PM 10661522 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA Quatrano, LA Axelson, PW Harlan, W Stineman, M Franklin, B Krause, S Bach, J Chambers, S Chao, EYS Alexander, M Painter, P AF Cooper, RA Quatrano, LA Axelson, PW Harlan, W Stineman, M Franklin, B Krause, S Bach, J Chambers, S Chao, EYS Alexander, M Painter, P TI Research on physical activity and health among people with disabilities: A consensus statement SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE disability; exercise; health; paralympics; research priorities ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; MAXIMAL OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; ARM-CRANK ERGOMETRY; CARDIAC REHABILITATION; MENTAL-RETARDATION; EXERCISE; WHEELCHAIR; PREVENTION; RESPONSES AB Research is required to advance the understanding of issues related to the effect of physical activity on health and disease prevention among people with disabilities. This report is the result of a consensus process using selected experts in health and exercise. The purpose of the consensus conference was to identify research priorities for physical activity and health among people with disabilities. Priorities were established by 30 participants, who were selected by the principal investigators to achieve balance in the areas of engineering, epidemiology, medicine, nutrition, exercise physiology, and psychology. Experts summarized relevant data from their research and from comprehensive review of the scientific literature on the topic areas chosen for the conference. Public commentary was provided by participants in the 1996 Paralympic Congress. Panel members discussed openly all material presented to them in executive session. Commentary from open discussion periods were recorded and transcribed, selected panelists prepared first drafts of the consensus statements for each research priority question. All of these drafts were distributed to the panelists and. pertinent experts. The documents were edited by the drafting committee to obtain consensus. This research priority setting process revealed that greater emphasis must be placed on determining the risks and benefits of exercise among people with disabilities. Exercise must be studied from the perspective of disease prevention while mitigating risk for injury. Five areas were identified as focal points for future work: epidemiological studies; effects of nutrition on health and ability to exercise; cardiovascular and pulmonary health; children with disabilities; and accessibility and safety of exercise programs. As people with disabilities live longer, the need for addressing longterm health issues and risk for secondary disability must receive greater attention. As a consequence of the consensus process, specific recommendations for future research regarding the impact of exercise on the health and quality of life of persons with disabilities were defined. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 71 TC 82 Z9 84 U1 3 U2 15 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 2 BP 142 EP 154 PG 13 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VH UT WOS:000085584800010 PM 10661530 ER PT J AU Licht, EA Sankar, R AF Licht, EA Sankar, R TI Status epilepticus during pregnancy - A case report SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE status epilepticus; pregnancy complications; epilepsy, myoclonic; valproic acid ID EPILEPSY AB BACKGROUND: Status epilepticus is a rare but potentially life threatening complication that women with epilepsy may experience during pregnancy. Poor compliance may contribute to the occurrence of status epilepticus, resulting in the need for substantial increases in anticonvulsant dosing to suppress seizures. CASE: A 39-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 0, abortion 1, with a history of epilepsy since childhood, delivered twins following an episode of myoclonic status epilepticus. The infants tolerated tie maternal seizures and the aggressive anticonvulsant therapy without residual problems. CONCLUSION: Status epilepticus seems more likely to occur in women with epilepsy during the third trimester. Fourteen of 19, or 74%, of cases reviewed, including the case we report on here, experienced status epilepticus in the third trimester or during labor. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepulveda, Ctr Study Healthcare Provider Behav, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Licht, EA (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst Sepulveda, Ctr Study Healthcare Provider Behav, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. NR 8 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA P.O. DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 44 IS 4 BP 370 EP 372 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 189TA UT WOS:000079921200012 PM 10319309 ER PT J AU Fitzgibbon, WR Greene, EL Grewal, JS Hutchison, FN Self, SE Latten, SY Ullian, ME AF Fitzgibbon, WR Greene, EL Grewal, JS Hutchison, FN Self, SE Latten, SY Ullian, ME TI Resistance to remnant nephropathy in the Wistar-Furth rat SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID KIDNEY MODEL; GLOMERULAR INJURY; SALT HYPERTENSION; RENAL-DISEASE; ALDOSTERONE; EXPRESSION AB The Wistar-Furth rat, an inbred strain resistant to actions of mineralocorticoids, was used to study the concept that mineralocorticoids contribute to progressive renal injury. It was postulated that if chronic nephropathy depends on aldosterone and if Wistar-Furth rats are resistant to aldosterone, remnant nephropathy would be attenuated in Wistar-Furth rats. Wistar-Furth rats and control Wistar rats were subjected to 5/6 nephrectomy or a sham procedure and then followed for 4 wk. Renal ablation resulted in hypertension at 4 wk in both strains (164 +/- 5 [Wistar-Furth] versus 184 +/- 7 [Wistar] mmHg mean arterial pressure), with sham animals remaining normotensive (134 +/- 6 mmHg). Renal damage in response to 5/6 nephrectomy was greatly decreased in Wistar-Furth rats compared with Wistar rats. Albuminuria was markedly less in Wistar-Furth rats (12.7 +/- 4.2 [Wistar-Furth] versus 97.4 +/- 22.6 [Wistar] mg/d per 100 g body wt, P < 0.01). Glomerular damage, consisting of mesangial proliferation, mesangial lysis, and seg mental necrosis, was observed in 42% of glomeruli from Wistar rats but in 0% of glomeruli from Wistar-Furth rats (P < 0.01). To address the possibility that higher BP in partially nephrectomized Wistar rats mediated the greater renal damage, the study was repeated, with Wistar rats (not Wistar-Furth rats) being treated with a hydralazine-reserpine-hydrochlorothiazide regimen. Although this antihypertensive regimen equalized BP (conscious systolic) (144 +/- 8 mmHg [Wistar] versus 157 +/- 7 mmHg [Wistar-Furth] at 4 wk), albuminuria remained more than 10-fold greater in Wistar rats. In summary, renal damage upon 5/6 nephrectomy was markedly reduced in Wistar-Furth rats, a finding not attributable to reduced systemic BP. Since Wistar-Furth rats have been shown previously to be resistant to the actions of mineralocorticoids, the data from the present study support the hypothesis that aldosterone mediates, at least in part, the renal injury attendant to renal mass reduction. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pathol Lab Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Ullian, ME (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL03710] NR 21 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 4 BP 814 EP 821 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 180BW UT WOS:000079365900016 PM 10203366 ER PT J AU Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M AF Felsenfeld, AJ Rodriguez, M TI Phosphorus, regulation of plasma calcium, and secondary hyperparathyroidism: A hypothesis to integrate a historical and modern perspective SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review ID PARATHYROID-HORMONE LEVELS; RENAL-FAILURE; CALCEMIC RESPONSE; IN-VITRO; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; PTH SECRETION; HEALTHY-MEN; CALCITRIOL; WOMEN; AGE C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Hosp Reina Sofia, Dept Nephrol, Cordoba, Spain. Hosp Reina Sofia, Unit Investigat, Cordoba, Spain. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Dept Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Rodriguez, teresa/H-5452-2011 NR 56 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1046-6673 J9 J AM SOC NEPHROL JI J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 10 IS 4 BP 878 EP 890 PG 13 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 180BW UT WOS:000079365900024 PM 10203374 ER PT J AU Jara, A Lee, E Stauber, D Moatamed, F Felsenfeld, AJ Kleeman, CR AF Jara, A Lee, E Stauber, D Moatamed, F Felsenfeld, AJ Kleeman, CR TI Phosphate depletion in the rat: Effect of bisphosphonates and the calcemic response to PTH SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE bone; calcitriol; hypercalcemia; hypophosphatemia; osteoclast; calcium metabolism ID INHIBITS BONE LOSS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; IN-VITRO; PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; PLASMA CALCIUM; RENAL-FAILURE; HYPOPHOSPHATEMIC RATS; SERUM-CALCIUM; D METABOLISM; RESORPTION AB Background. The removal of phosphate from the diet of the growing rat rapidly produces hypercalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hypercalciuria, and hypophosphaturia. Increased calcium efflux from bone has been shown to be the important cause of the hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria. It has been proposed that the increased calcium efflux from bone is osteoclast mediated. Because bisphosphonates have been shown to inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, this study was performed to determine whether bisphosphonate-induced inhibition of osteoclast function changed the biochemical and bone effects induced by phosphate depletion. Methods. Four groups of pair-fed rats were studied: (a) low-phosphate diet (LPD; phosphate less than 0.05%), (b) LPD plus the administration of the bisphosphonate Pamidronate (APD; LPD + APD), (c) normal diet (ND, 0.6% phosphate), and (d) ND + APD. All diets contained 0.6% calcium. A high dose of APD was administered subcutaneously (0.8 mg/kg) two days before the start of the study diet and on days 2, 6, and 9 during the 11 days of the study diet. On day 10, a 24-hour urine was collected, and on day 11, rats were either sacrificed or received an additional APD dose before a 48-hour parathyroid hormone (PTH) infusion (0.066 mu g/100 g/hr) via a subcutaneously implanted miniosmotic pump. Results. Serum and urinary calcium were greater in the LPD and LPD + APD groups than in the ND and ND + APD groups [serum, 11.12 +/- 0.34 and 11.57 +/- 0.45 vs. 9.49 +/- 0.17 and 9.48 +/- 0.15 mg/dl (mean +/- se), P < 0.05; and urine, 8.78 +/- 2.74 and 16.30 +/- 4.68 vs. 0.32 +/- 0.09 and 0.67 +/- 0.28 mg/24, hr, P < 0.05]. Serum PTH and serum and urinary phosphorus were less in the LPD and LPD + APD than in the ND and ND + APD groups (P < 0.05). The calcemic response to PTH was less (P < 0.05) in the LPD and LPD + APD groups than in the ND group and was less (P = 0.05) in the LPD + APD than in the ND + APD group. Bone histology showed that phosphate depletion increased the osteoblast and osteoclast surface, and treatment with APD reduced the osteoblast surface (LPD vs. LPD + APD, 38 +/- 4 vs. 4 +/- 2%, P < 0.05, and ND vs. ND + APD, 20 +/- 2 vs. 5 +/- 2%, P < 0.05) and markedly altered osteoclast morphology by inducing cytoplasmic vacuoles. Conclusions. (a) Phosphate depletion induced hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria that were not reduced by APD administration. (b) The calcemic response to PTH was reduced in phosphate-depleted rats and was unaffected by APD administration in normal and phosphate-depleted rats, and (c) APD administration markedly changed bone histology without affecting the biochemical changes induced by phosphate depletion. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Nephrol Sect 111L, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Hosp Clin, Dept Nephrol, Santiago, Chile. RP Felsenfeld, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Nephrol Sect 111L, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM afelsenf@ucla.edu NR 64 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0085-2538 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD APR PY 1999 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1434 EP 1443 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00395.x PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 177ZL UT WOS:000079240900028 PM 10201008 ER PT J AU Khan, T Havey, RM Sayers, ST Patwardhan, A King, WW AF Khan, T Havey, RM Sayers, ST Patwardhan, A King, WW TI Animal models of spinal cord contusion injuries SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID EVOKED-POTENTIALS; MOTOR CORTEX; RAT; DEVICE; VARIABILITY; CRITERIA; TRAUMA AB Background and Purpose: Traumatic spinal cord injury causes initial mechanical disruption of tissue, leading to a complex secondary sequence of pathophysiologic changes and neurologic impairment. These sequelae depend on the impact force delivered to the spinal cord at the time of injury. Successful clinical evaluation of the efficacy of any therapeutic regimen depends on the reliability and reproducibility of an experimental animal model. We describe a trauma device and the biomechanical parameters required to induce severe or moderate spinal cord contusion injury in cats and rats. Methods: Recovery after injury was determined by behavioral, electrophysiologic, and histologic evaluations, Results: Behavioral and electrophysiologic tests after injury clearly identified the experimental groups. A stable severe paraplegic state (defined as 6 months for cats and 8 weeks for rats), without evidence of behavioral or electrophysiologic recovery, was induced by a 65-Newton (N) load for cats and a 35-N load for rats, Moderate spinal cord contusion injury, from which cats and rats partially recovered after approximately 3 months and 4 weeks, respectively, was induced by a 45- and 25-N load, respectively. Conclusion: Use of these injury conditions provides reliable animal models for studies designed to evaluate potential therapeutic regimens for spinal cord injury. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Res Serv, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped & Rehabil, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. RP Khan, T (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Rehabil Res & Dev Ctr, Res Serv, POB 20, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 39 TC 31 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD APR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 2 BP 161 EP 172 PG 12 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 192MC UT WOS:000080082000008 PM 10331546 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ Yu, WD El-Saden, S Kim, D Wang, JC Sandhu, HS AF Duerinckx, AJ Yu, WD El-Saden, S Kim, D Wang, JC Sandhu, HS TI MR imaging of cervical spine motion with haste SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING LA English DT Article DE cervical spine; kinematics; cardiac triggering; Turbo or fast spin-echo; HASTE; dynamic MRI ID FLEXION-EXTENSION; PATELLAR TRACKING; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; ABNORMALITIES; ROTATION; SHOULDER; JOINT AB The HASTE (half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin-echo) technique delivers images with T2-weighting in about half a second and could be ideal for fast dynamic studies when T2-weighting is needed, We evaluated cardiac-triggered HASTE to study cervical spine flexion/extension, The cervical spines of ten asymptomatic volunteers were studied during flexion/extension motion on a 1.5 Tesla imager using a cardiac triggered version of the HASTE technique. Midline sagittal images were acquired every 2 to 3 s during neck flexion and extension. Image quality was compared to traditional T2-weighted Turbo spin-echo. The study duration per flexion/extension was typically less than 20 seconds and well tolerated. The cardiac-gated T2-weighted HASTE images compared favorably to the traditional T2-weighted TSE images in quality and overall anatomic detail. Range of motion averaged: flexion 30 degrees (range 8 degrees-48 degrees) and extension 23 degrees (range 0 degrees-57 degrees), Greatest motion occurred in the lower cervical spine (C4-C7), At the intervertebral discs the canal diameter, anterior and posterior CSF spaces were widest in neutral position and decreased with flexion and extension. Therefore, Cardiac-gated T2 HASTE sequences provide diagnostic and time-efficient dynamic MR images of cervical spine motion, (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,MR1,Bld 507,Mail Route W114, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM ajd@ucla.edu NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0730-725X J9 MAGN RESON IMAGING JI Magn. Reson. Imaging PD APR PY 1999 VL 17 IS 3 BP 371 EP 381 DI 10.1016/S0730-725X(98)00176-3 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 178VZ UT WOS:000079291000006 PM 10195580 ER PT J AU Barnett, PG AF Barnett, PG TI Review of methods to determine VA health care costs SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hospitals; veterans; economics; health care costs; costs and cost analysis; methods ID MULTIVARIATE PREDICTION MODEL; HOME CARE; RAPID ESTIMATION; VETERANS; HOSPITALIZATION; EXPERIENCE; MANAGEMENT; OUTCOMES; PROGRAMS; CHARGES AB BACKGROUND. Estimates of health care cost are needed to conduct cost-effectiveness research at the facilities operated by the US Department of Veterans Affairs. METHODS. The medical literature was searched for VA studies to characterize different cost methods and identify their advantages and disadvantages. RESULTS. Different methods are appropriate for different studies. Analysts who wish to capture the effect of an intervention on resources used in a health care encounter may wish to create a detailed pseudo-bill by combining VA utilization data with unit costs from the non-VA sector. If a cost function can be estimated from non-VA data, VA costs may be determined more economically from a reduced list of utilization items. If the analysis involves a new intervention or a program that is unique to VA, direct measurement of staff time and supplies may be needed. It is often sufficient to estimate the average cost of similar encounters, for example, the average of all hospital stays with the same diagnosis and same length of stay. Such estimates may be made by combining VA cost and utilization data bases and by applying judicious assumptions. CONCLUSIONS. Assumptions used to estimate costs need to be documented and tested. VA cost-effectiveness research could be facilitated by the creation of a universal cost data base; however, it will not supplant the detailed estimates that are needed to determine the effect of clinical interventions on cost. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Menlo Park, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Cooperat Studies Program, Menlo Park, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Barnett, PG (reprint author), VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D Ctr Hlth Care Evaluat, 795 Willow Rd,152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. NR 40 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 4 SU VA BP AS9 EP AS17 DI 10.1097/00005650-199904002-00003 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188PQ UT WOS:000079857500003 PM 10217380 ER PT J AU Barnett, PG Rodgers, JH AF Barnett, PG Rodgers, JH TI Use of the Decision Support System for VA cost-effectiveness research SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hospitals; veterans; economics; health care costs; costs and cost analysis; methods AB BACKGROUND. The Department of Veterans Affairs is adopting the Decision Support System (DSS), computer software and databases which include a cost-accounting system which determines the cost of health care products and patient encounters. OBJECTIVES. A system for providing cost data for cost-effectiveness analysis should be provide valid, detailed, and comprehensive data that can be aggregated. METHODS, The design of DSS is described and compared with those criteria. Utilization data from DSS was compared with other VA utilization data. Aggregate DSS cost data from 35 medical centers was compared with relative resource weights developed for the Medicare program. RESULTS. Data on hospital stays at 3 facilities found that 3.7% of the stays in DSS were not in the VA discharge database, whereas 7.6% of the stays in the discharge data were not in DSS. DSS reported between 68.8% and 97.1% of the outpatient encounters reported by six facilities in the ambulatory care data base. Relative weights for each Diagnosis Related Group based on DSS data from 35 VA facilities correlated with Medicare weights (correlation coefficient of .853). CONCLUSIONS. DSS will be useful for research if certain problems are overcome. It is difficult to distinguish long-term from acute hospital care. VA does not have a complete database of all inpatient procedures, so DSS has not assigned them a specific cost. The authority to access encounter-level DSS data needs to be centralized. Researchers can provide the feedback needed to improve DSS cost estimates. A comprehensive encounter-level extract would facilitate use of DSS for research. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Menlo Park, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Ctr Cooperat Studies, Menlo Park, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Barnett, PG (reprint author), VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, HSR&D Ctr Hlth Care Evaluat, 795 Willow Rd,152 MPD, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. NR 6 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 4 SU VA BP AS63 EP AS70 DI 10.1097/00005650-199904002-00009 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188PQ UT WOS:000079857500009 PM 10217386 ER PT J AU Chapko, MK Hedrick, S AF Chapko, MK Hedrick, S TI Cost as a study outcome - Sensitivity of study conclusions to the method of estimating cost SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hospital cost; long-term care cost; ambulatory care cost; Department of Veterans Affairs ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; HEALTH-CARE EVALUATION; HOME CARE; VETERANS; PROGRAMS AB OBJECTIVES. The analyses presented here are intended to provide empirical guidance to two questions faced by researchers performing clinical trials which include a cost component: Which health care services should we track? Should we use facility specific costs or national average costs for individual services in estimating total costs? METHODS. We reanalyzed cost data from the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) multisite clinical trial which compared Adult Day Health Care (ADHC) to Customary Care for patients at high risk for nursing home care. The data presented here compares the original analysis (a combination of local and national costs) to an analysis based on purely facility-specific costs and to an analysis based upon purely VA national costs, Costs for hospital, clinic, nursing home, ADHC, hospital based home care, rehabilitation, pharmacy, and laboratory were included. RESULTS. Hospital, nursing home, clinic, and ADHC in combination account for 98% of the variation in total cost per patient. Including only hospital, clinic, nursing home, ADHC, and hospital-based home care in total cost per patient closely replicated the findings for total cost when ail services were included. The originally reported analysis and the 2 new analyses, using respectively facility specific costs and national average costs, did differ substantially in the magnitude of the difference between the total cost per patient of ADHC and Customary Care. They did differ with regard to statistical significance as the P values were either slightly above or below 0.05. CONCLUSIONS. ideally all health care costs should be included in the analysis. When this is not feasible, one should determine utilization and cost for the intervention itself, costly services (usually hospital, nursing home, and clinic care), and lower cost services that are likely to be affected by the intervention. Sensitivity analysis should be performed to determine if different methods of costing (eg, facility specific versus national costs) materially affect the conclusions of the study. C1 VA Puget Sound, Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Chapko, MK (reprint author), VA Puget Sound, Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle Div, 152,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 22 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 4 SU VA BP AS37 EP AS44 DI 10.1097/00005650-199904002-00006 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 188PQ UT WOS:000079857500006 PM 10217383 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MW AF Schwartz, MW TI Mahogany adds color to the evolving story of body weight regulation SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID MELANOCORTIN RECEPTORS; FRAMESHIFT MUTATION; OBESITY; AGOUTI; MICE; MC4R C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Harborview Med Ctr, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst 151, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Schwartz, MW (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 So Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 NR 12 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE AMERICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD APR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 4 BP 374 EP 375 DI 10.1038/7365 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 183VG UT WOS:000079574300017 PM 10202918 ER PT J AU Cherrier, MM Mendez, MF Dave, M Perryman, KM AF Cherrier, MM Mendez, MF Dave, M Perryman, KM TI Performance on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test in Alzheimer disease and vascular dementia SO NEUROPSYCHIATRY NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMPAIRMENT; AGE; RELIABILITY; CRITERIA; DEFICITS; MEMORY AB Background: Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) are the two most common age-associated dementias. Neuropsychologic studies have demonstrated visuoconstructional impairment in AD and in VaD. Objective: This study used the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure to assess and compare specific aspects of visuoconstructional deficits in patients with AD, patients with VaD, and normal age-matched subjects. Method: Thirteen normal controls, 20 patients with AD, and 20 patients with VaD were given a neuropsychologic battery as part of a comprehensive evaluation for dementia. The groups were similar in age and education, and the VaD and AD groups had comparable levels of dementia. Based on their previous research on visual deficits in AD, the authors devised a new scoring system that divided the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure into six perceptual categories: right, left, upper, lower, basic gestalt, and inner detail. Results: Patients with AD and patients with VaD had significant deficits in all six Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure scoring categories compared with normal controls. Patients with AD exhibited a pattern of deficits similar to that of patients with VaD, with one significant exception: The patients with AD had increased left-sided errors or inattention. Conclusions: These results suggest that left hemispatial inattention contributes to impaired performance on visuoconstructional tasks in AD. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Cherrier, MM (reprint author), VAPSHCS, GRECC182B, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 49 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-878X J9 NEUROPSY NEUROPSY BE JI Neuropsychiatr. Neuropsychol. Behav. Neurol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 12 IS 2 BP 95 EP 101 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 184WZ UT WOS:000079637900004 PM 10223256 ER PT J AU Marder, SR Rea, MM AF Marder, SR Rea, MM TI Michael J. Goldstein, 1930-1997 - In memoriam SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD APR PY 1999 VL 20 IS 4 BP 399 EP 400 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 174TA UT WOS:000079050000013 ER PT J AU Williams, MA Havel, PJ Schwartz, MW Leisenring, WM King, IB Zingheim, RW Zebelman, AJ Luthy, DA AF Williams, MA Havel, PJ Schwartz, MW Leisenring, WM King, IB Zingheim, RW Zebelman, AJ Luthy, DA TI Pre-eclampsia disrupts the normal relationship between serum leptin concentrations and adiposity in pregnant women SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED HYPERTENSION; PLASMA LEPTIN; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; PREECLAMPSIA; PLACENTA; INSULIN; WEIGHT; HUMANS; RISK AB The adipocyte hormone, leptin, is secreted in proportion to adipose mass and is implicated in the regulation of energy balance via its central actions on food intake and sympathetic nervous system activity. The placenta was also shown recently to be a possible source of leptin in pregnant women, raising the possibility that the normal relationship between leptin and adiposity may be altered in pre-eclampsia. We therefore sought to assess the extent to which maternal second trimester serum leptin concentrations differed for women who would subsequently develop pre-eclampsia and those who would remain normotensive. This nested case-control study population comprised 38 women with pregnancy-induced hypertension and proteinuria (pre-eclampsia) and 192 normotensive women. Multiple least-squares regression procedures were used to assess the independent relationship between leptin concentrations and risk of pre-eclampsia. Serum leptin concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, were highly correlated with maternal pre-pregnancy and second trimester body mass index (r = 0.71 and r = 0.74 respectively; P < 0.001 for both) among normotensive women, and to a lesser extent among women who developed pre-eclampsia (r = 0.29 and r = 0.42; P = 0.09 and 0.02 respectively). Among women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index of less than or equal to 25 kg/m(2), pre-eclampsia cases compared with controls had higher mean second trimester leptin concentrations after adjustment for confounding factors. In contrast, preeclampsia cases had lower mean leptin concentrations than controls for those women with a pre-pregnancy body mass index above 25 kg/m(2). Other factors in addition to the level of adiposity may therefore influence serum leptin concentrations in pre-eclamptic pregnant women. Our results suggest the possibility that leptin, like several other placentally derived substances (e.g. steroid hormones, eicosanoids and cytokines), may be involved in the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia. Further work is needed to confirm our findings and to assess the metabolic importance and determinants of leptin concentrations in uncomplicated and preeclamptic pregnancies. C1 Swedish Med Ctr, Ctr Perinatal Studies 449N, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Dept Nutr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Program Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Program Biostat, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Dynacare Lab Pathol, Seattle, WA USA. RP Williams, MA (reprint author), Swedish Med Ctr, Ctr Perinatal Studies 449N, 747 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. RI Schwartz, Michael/H-9950-2012 FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD/HL-32562]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-35747, DK-50129] NR 31 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 190 EP 204 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 187DV UT WOS:000079772400007 PM 10214609 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, R AF Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, R TI Phospholipid and polyunsaturated fatty acid defects in postmortem schizophrenic brain SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 77 EP 78 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400215 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Anastasiou, A Goldstein, G Gurklis, JA Gilbertson, M van Kammen, DP AF Allen, DN Anastasiou, A Goldstein, G Gurklis, JA Gilbertson, M van Kammen, DP TI Effects of antipsychotics on relationships between frontal lobe functioning, psychomotor poverty, and disorganization syndromes in schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 123 EP 124 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400341 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Goldstein, G Aldarondo, F Wiemert, SR AF Allen, DN Goldstein, G Aldarondo, F Wiemert, SR TI Neurocognitive consequences of alcoholism in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 123 EP 123 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400340 ER PT J AU Wood, AE Secrest, L Tapp, A AF Wood, AE Secrest, L Tapp, A TI Negative symptoms, executive function, and level of functional impairment in patients with schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400447 ER PT J AU Kee, KS Brekke, JS Salveson, DF Green, MF AF Kee, KS Brekke, JS Salveson, DF Green, MF TI Associations between perception of emotion and types of psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 172 EP 172 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400493 ER PT J AU Kern, RS Robertson, MJ Niv, N Zaidel, L Parsa, M Green, MF AF Kern, RS Robertson, MJ Niv, N Zaidel, L Parsa, M Green, MF TI Neurocognitive correlates of prosocial and deviant behavior in treatment-resistant schizophrenia inpatients SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 173 EP 173 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400496 ER PT J AU Marder, SR Wirshing, WC Glynn, S Wirshing, DA Mintz, J Liberman, RP AF Marder, SR Wirshing, WC Glynn, S Wirshing, DA Mintz, J Liberman, RP TI Risperidone and haloperidol in maintenance treatment: Interactions with psychosocial treatments SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, VISN Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr 22, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 288 EP 288 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400835 ER PT J AU Glynn, SM Marder, SR Liberman, RP Blair, K Ross, D Mintz, J Wirshing, W Wirshing, DA AF Glynn, SM Marder, SR Liberman, RP Blair, K Ross, D Mintz, J Wirshing, W Wirshing, DA TI Community skills training increases benefits accruing from clinic-based behavioral psychiatric rehabilitation SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr B151J, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Mintz, Jim/N-7385-2014 OI Mintz, Jim/0000-0002-8299-5851 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1-3 SI SI BP 325 EP 325 PG 1 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 174XH UT WOS:000079061400936 ER PT J AU Moriarty, HJ Deatrick, JA Mahon, MM Feetham, SL Carroll, RM Shepard, MP Orsi, AJ AF Moriarty, HJ Deatrick, JA Mahon, MM Feetham, SL Carroll, RM Shepard, MP Orsi, AJ TI Issues to consider when choosing and using large national databases for research of families SO WESTERN JOURNAL OF NURSING RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Secondary analysis of large national databases offers promise for research of families. In this article issues that the secondary analyst must consider when choosing a database for research of families are described. Potential advantages and limitations of databases are discussed. Strategies to minimize potential limitations are highlighted. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Villanova Univ, Villanova, PA 19085 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. Salisbury State Univ, Salisbury, MD USA. Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Moriarty, HJ (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 20 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0193-9459 J9 WESTERN J NURS RES JI West. J. Nurs. Res. PD APR PY 1999 VL 21 IS 2 BP 143 EP 153 DI 10.1177/01939459922043794 PG 11 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 184JL UT WOS:000079608100003 PM 11512173 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Caplan, AL AF Ubel, PA Caplan, AL TI Geographic favoritism in liver transplantation - Reply SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID ORGAN PRESERVATION; UW-SOLUTION C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Bioeth, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 25 PY 1999 VL 340 IS 12 BP 964 EP 965 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 180AM UT WOS:000079362600019 ER PT J AU Irwin, MW Mak, S Mann, DL Qu, R Penninger, JM Yan, A Dawood, F Wen, WH Shou, ZP Liu, P AF Irwin, MW Mak, S Mann, DL Qu, R Penninger, JM Yan, A Dawood, F Wen, WH Shou, ZP Liu, P TI Tissue expression and immunolocalization of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in postinfarction dysfunctional myocardium SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE tissue; myocardium; infarction; heart failure; remodeling; cytokines; tumor necrosis factor ID ADULT FELINE MYOCARDIUM; CHRONIC HEART-FAILURE; CARDIAC MYOCYTES; FACTOR RECEPTORS; CYTOKINE EXPRESSION; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PULMONARY-EDEMA; MESSENGER-RNA; INFARCTION; APOPTOSIS AB Background-Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is markedly elevated in advanced heart failure. It is not known whether tissue TNF-alpha is elevated in the common setting of myocardial infarction leading to heart failure and what the source of TNF-alpha is. To determine this, we studied the expression and protein localization of TNF-alpha and its 2 main receptors (TNF-R1/R2) in a rat model of large infarction, Methods and Results-Male rats were randomized to proximal left anterior descending ligation, The animals were killed on days 1, 3, 10, and 35 after ligation to examine gene expression and protein production of TNF-alpha and TNF-R1/R2 from the infarct, peri-infarct, and contralateral zones of infarcted heart. There was increased TNF-alpha mRNA production throughout the myocardium at day I, and detectable expression persisted to day 35 after myocardial infarction. The expression of this cytokine is not confined strictly to the infarct or peri-infarct zones but is expressed by cardiac myocytes within the myocardium in the contralateral normal zone. Changes in gene expression are mirrored initially by augmented protein production within the myocytes. Levels of TNF-alpha protein in the infarct and peri-infarct zones rose early to 8- to 10-fold above normal levels and rose to 4- to 5-fold in the contralateral zone. Finally, expression of the TNF-R1 mRNA transcripts was upregulated at days 3 and 10 after ligation in the infarct and peri-infarct zones, suggesting that the signal transduction pathways necessary for TNF-alpha in the heart remain intact as TNF-alpha biosynthesis increases. Conclusions-TNF-alpha is present early in a model of large myocardial infarction and is sustained into the later stage within the myocardium, Expression of this cytokine is not only confined strictly to the infarct or peri-infarct zone but is expressed by cardiac myocytes within the myocardium contralateral to the infarct. Therefore TNF-alpha production forms a part of an important intrinsic myocardial stress response system to injury. C1 Toronto Hosp, Gen Div, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Med Biophys, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Immunol, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Ontario Canc Inst, Amgen Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Liu, P (reprint author), Toronto Hosp, Gen Div, Cardiovasc Res Ctr, 12 EC-324, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada. RI Penninger, Josef/I-6860-2013; Mak, Susanna/C-4617-2015 OI Penninger, Josef/0000-0002-8194-3777; NR 37 TC 264 Z9 295 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 23 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 11 BP 1492 EP 1498 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 176YJ UT WOS:000079179700018 PM 10086975 ER PT J AU Simon, JA Hudes, ES AF Simon, JA Hudes, ES TI Relation of serum ascorbic acid to serum vitamin B-12, serum ferritin, and kidney stones in US adults SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OXALATE EXCRETION; URINARY OXALATE; IRON; DIETARY; ASSAY AB Background: Concern has been raised that high levels of ascorbic acid consumption may lead to potential adverse effects, such as vitamin B-12 deficiency, iron overload, and kidney stones. Objective: To examine the relation of serum ascorbic acid level, which reflects intake, to serum vitamin B-12 level, serum ferritin level, and kidney stones. Methods: We analyzed data collected on a random sample of the US population enrolled in the Second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1976-1980. We analyzed data using linear and logistic regression models. Serum ascorbic acid, serum vitamin B-12, hemoglobin, red blood cell mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and serum ferritin levels were measured using standardized protocols. History of kidney stones was determined by self-report. Results: After multivariate adjustment, serum ascorbic acid level was associated with higher serum vitamin B-12 levels among women in regression models that assumed a linear relationship; each 57-mu mol/L (1.0-mg/dL) increase in serum ascorbic acid level (range, 6-153 mu mol/L [0.1 to 2.7 mg/dL]) was independently associated with a serum vitamin B-12 level increase of 60 pmol/L (81 pg/mL) (P<.001). Among men, serum ascorbic acid level was marginally associated with higher serum vitamin B-12 levels: each 57-mu mol/L (1.0-mg/dL) increase in serum ascorbic acid level was associated with a serum vitamin Bit level increase of 27 pmol/L (36 pg/mL) (P =.10). In addition, serum ascorbic acid level was not associated with correlates of vitamin Bit deficiency, such as higher MCV levels, macrocytosis (MCV >100), or lower hemoglobin concentrations. Serum ascorbic acid level was not independently associated with serum ferritin levels. However, among women only, serum ascorbic acid levels were associated in a nonlinear fashion with prevalence of elevated serum ferritin levels (P =.02). We found no association between serum ascorbic acid level and prevalence of kidney stones in women or men (both P>.05). Conclusions: Serum ascorbic acid levels were not associated with decreased serum vitamin B-12 levels (or indicators of vitamin B-12 deficiency), prevalence of kidney stones, serum ferritin levels, or-among men-prevalence of elevated serum ferritin levels. Serum ascorbic acid levels were associated with prevalence of elevated serum ferritin levels among women. Although the clinical relevance of these findings is uncertain, it seems prudent to suggest that women with a genetic susceptibility to iron overload should consider moderating their intake of ascorbic acid. C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Simon, JA (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect 111A1, Med Serv, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. EM jasimon@itsa.ucsf.edu FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL53479] NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 159 IS 6 BP 619 EP 624 DI 10.1001/archinte.159.6.619 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 177WN UT WOS:000079234200013 PM 10090119 ER PT J AU Zhang, NH Houser, CR AF Zhang, NH Houser, CR TI Ultrastructural localization of dynorphin in the dentate gyrus in human temporal lobe epilepsy: A study of reorganized mossy fiber synapses SO JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review DE axonal sprouting; dense core vesicles; electron microscopy; hippocampus; perforated synapses; plasticity ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; SEGMENTED POSTSYNAPTIC DENSITIES; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CA3 PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; KAINATE-TREATED RATS; SYNAPTIC REORGANIZATION; HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION; GRANULE CELLS; AXOSPINOUS SYNAPSES; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA AB Substantial reorganization of mossy fibers from granule cells of the dentate gyrus occurs in a high percentage of humans with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. To identify these fibers and determine their ultrastructural features in human surgical specimens, we used preembedding immunoperoxidase labeling of dynorphin A, an opioid peptide that is abundant in normal mossy fibers. In electron microscopic preparations, dynorphin A immunoreactivity was highly associated with dense core vesicles and was localized predominantly in axon terminals in the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, although some dynorphin-labeled dense core vesicles were also observed in dendritic shafts and spines. The labeled terminal profiles were numerous, and, whereas they varied greatly in size, many were relatively large (2.3 mu M in mean major diameter). The terminals contained high concentrations of clear round vesicles and numerous mitochondrial profiles, formed distinct asymmetric synapses, often had irregular shapes, and, thus, exhibited many features of normal mossy fiber terminals. The dynorphin-labeled terminals formed synaptic contacts primarily with dendritic spines, and some of these spines were embedded in large labeled terminals, suggesting that they were complex spines. The labeled terminals frequently formed multiple synaptic contacts with their postsynaptic elements, and perforated postsynaptic densities, with and without spinules, were present at some synapses. These findings suggest that the reorganized mossy fiber terminals in humans with temporal lobe epilepsy form abundant functional synapses in the inner molecular layer of the dentate gyrus, and many of these contacts have ultrastructural features that could be associated with highly efficacious synapses. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurobiol, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Neurol & Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Houser, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurobiol, Sch Med, 73-235 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM houser@mednet.ucla.edu NR 102 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9967 J9 J COMP NEUROL JI J. Comp. Neurol. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 405 IS 4 BP 472 EP 490 PG 19 WC Neurosciences; Zoology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Zoology GA 170UX UT WOS:000078826400003 PM 10098940 ER PT J AU Cook, IA Leuchter, AF Witte, E Abrams, M Uijtdehaage, SHJ Stubbeman, W Rosenberg-Thompson, S Anderson-Hanley, C AF Cook, IA Leuchter, AF Witte, E Abrams, M Uijtdehaage, SHJ Stubbeman, W Rosenberg-Thompson, S Anderson-Hanley, C TI Neurophysiologic predictors of treatment response to fluoxetine in major depression SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE treatment outcomes; cordance; neurophysiology; electroencephalography; QEEG ID ANTIDEPRESSANT RESPONSE; ENDOGENOUS-DEPRESSION; DRUG-RESPONSE; EEG; DISORDER; PHARMACOTHERAPY; AMITRIPTYLINE; OUTPATIENTS; NONRESPONSE; IMIPRAMINE AB Treatment with antidepressants is marked by heterogeneity of response; predicting individual response to any given agent remains problematic. Neuroimaging studies suggest that response is accompanied by physiologic changes in cerebral energy utilization, but have not provided useful markers at pretreatment baseline. Using quantitative EEG (QEEG) techniques, we investigated pretreatment neurophysiologic features to identify responders and non-responders to fluoxetine. In a double-masked study, 24 adult subjects with current major depression of the unipolar type were studied over 8 weeks while receiving fluoxetine (20 mg QD) or placebo. Neurophysiology was assessed with QEEG cordance, a measure reflecting cerebral energy utilization. Response was determined with rating scales and clinical interview. Subjects were divided into discordant and concordant groups based upon the number of electrodes exhibiting discordance. The concordant group had a more robust response than the discordant group, judged by lower final Hamilton Depression (HAM-D) mean score (8.0 +/- 7.5 vs. 19.6 +/- 4.7, P = 0.01) and final Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) mean score (14.0 +/- 9.4 vs. 27.8 +/- 3.7, P = 0.015), and by faster reduction in symptoms (HAM-D: 14.0 +/- 5.0 vs. 23.8 +/- 4.1, P = 0.004 at 1 week). Groups did not differ on pretreatment clinical or historical features. Response to placebo was not predicted by this physiologic measure. We conclude that cordance distinguishes depressed adults who will respond to treatment with fluoxetine from those who will not. This measure detects a propensity to respond to fluoxetine and may indicate a more general responsiveness to antidepressants. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Quantitat EEG Lab, Neuropsychiat Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Cook, IA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Quantitat EEG Lab, Neuropsychiat Inst, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. OI Uijtdehaage, Sebastian/0000-0001-8598-4683 FU NIMH NIH HHS [KO8-MH01483, KO2-MH01165, R01-MH40705] NR 39 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0165-1781 J9 PSYCHIAT RES JI Psychiatry Res. PD MAR 22 PY 1999 VL 85 IS 3 BP 263 EP 273 DI 10.1016/S0165-1781(99)00010-4 PG 11 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 195EN UT WOS:000080236300004 PM 10333379 ER PT J AU Beggah, AT Beguin, P Bamberg, K Sachs, G Geering, K AF Beggah, AT Beguin, P Bamberg, K Sachs, G Geering, K TI beta-subunit assembly is essential for the correct packing and the stable membrane insertion of the H,K-ATPase alpha-subunit SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO TRANSLATION; NA,K-ATPASE; TOPOLOGY; TRANSMEMBRANE; TRANSLOCATION; NA,K-PUMPS; SYSTEM AB The alpha-subunits of H,K-ATPase (HKA alpha) and Na,K-ATPase require a beta-subunit for maturation. We investigated the role of the beta-subunit in the membrane insertion and stability of the HKA alpha expressed in Xenopus oocytes, Individual membrane segments M1, M2, M3, M4, and M9 linked to a glycosylation reporter act as signal anchor (SA) motifs, and M10 acts as a partial stop transfer motif. In combined HKA alpha constructs, M2 acts as an efficient stop transfer sequence, and M3 acts as a SA sequence. However, M5 and M9 have only partial SA function, and M7 has no SA function. Consistent with the membrane insertion properties of segments in combined a constructs, M1-3 alpha-proteins are resistant to cellular degradation, and M1-5 up to M1-10 alpha-proteins are not resistant to cellular degradation. However, co-expression with beta-subunits increases the membrane insertion of M9 in a M1-9 alpha-protein and completely protects M1-10 alpha-proteins against cellular degradation. Our results indicate that HKA alpha N-terminal (M1-M4) membrane insertion and stabilization are mediated by intrinsic molecular characteristics; however, the C-terminal (M5-M10) membrane insertion and thus the stabilization of the entire alpha-subunit depend on intramolecular and intermolecular beta-subunit interactions that are similar but not identical to data obtained for the Na,K-ATPase alpha-subunit. C1 Univ Lausanne, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland. Astra Hassle AB, S-43183 Molndal, Sweden. W Los Angeles Wadsworth Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Geering, K (reprint author), Univ Lausanne, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, Rue Bugnon 27, CH-1005 Lausanne, Switzerland. NR 26 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD MAR 19 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 12 BP 8217 EP 8223 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.12.8217 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 178LU UT WOS:000079268100085 PM 10075726 ER PT J AU Lewis, JD Asch, DA AF Lewis, JD Asch, DA TI Barriers to office-based screening sigmoidoscopy: Does reimbursement cover costs? SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COLORECTAL-CANCER; RECOMMENDATIONS; MORTALITY AB Screening with flexible sigmoidoscopy may reduce mortality rates from colorectal cancer. Primary care physicians are able to provide this screening procedure, but many have been reluctant to do so, partly because of the impression that reimbursement rates are inadequate to cover physician costs. This study examines the cost of performing flexible sigmoidoscopy in a primary care practice and compares this cost with the new Medicare reimbursement rate for flexible sigmoidoscopy. Fixed and variable costs associated with the performance of office-based flexible sigmoidoscopy were derived from the published literature. The principal assumption in the analyses is that the time required to perform flexible sigmoidoscopy represents an opportunity cost because the physician could use that time to see additional patients during routine office hours. Sensitivity analyses were done across a range of estimates for the cost variables. When Medicare reimbursement rates were used, the physician's total cost for flexible sigmoidoscopy without biopsy was $86.86, which is similar to the Medicare reimbursement rate for screening flexible sigmoidoscopy (code 45330, $87.84). The calculations were most sensitive to estimates of equipment cost, procedure time, number of procedures performed per year, additional malpractice coverage, and revenue generated per hour of outpatient care. The estimated cost per procedure in a screening prog ram that includes the ability to perform biopsy is $152.93, which exceeds Medicare reimbursement rates across the range of all variables included in the sensitivity analyses. Thus, low reimbursement may limit the adoption of screening flexible sigmoidoscopy with or without biopsy in primary care practices. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Lewis, JD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, 8th Floor,Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM jlewis@cceb.med.upenn.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [1-T32-DK07740-0] NR 21 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 16 PY 1999 VL 130 IS 6 BP 525 EP 530 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 176RL UT WOS:000079165500009 PM 10075621 ER PT J AU Gliatto, MF Rai, AK AF Gliatto, MF Rai, AK TI Evaluation and treatment of patients with suicidal ideation SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Article ID RISK AB Suicidal ideation is more common than completed suicide. Most persons who commit suicide have a psychiatric: disorder at the time of death. Because many patients with psychiatric disorders are seen by family physicians and other primary care practitioners rather than by psychiatrists, it is important that these practitioners recognize the signs and symptoms of the psychiatric disorders (particularly alcohol abuse and major depression) that are associated with suicide. Although most patients with suicidal ideation do not ultimately commit suicide, the extent of suicidal ideation must be determined, including the presence of a suicide plan and the patient's means to commit suicide. C1 Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Gliatto, MF (reprint author), Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 38th & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 24 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1500 EP 1506 PG 7 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 180BD UT WOS:000079364300013 PM 10193592 ER PT J AU Chang, J Wasser, JS Knowlton, AA AF Chang, J Wasser, JS Knowlton, AA TI HSF activation and increased expression of HSP72 is mediated by stretch-activated channels in the isolated perfused rat heart SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Texas A&M Univ, Coll Vet Med, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A769 EP A769 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900704 ER PT J AU Chu, S Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Montrose, MH AF Chu, S Tanaka, S Kaunitz, JD Montrose, MH TI In vivo confocal imaging of gastric surface pH SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Indiana Univ, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A731 EP A731 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132900484 ER PT J AU Harley, JB Kirby, MY James, JA Kaufman, KM AF Harley, JB Kirby, MY James, JA Kaufman, KM TI Peptide mimics of a major lupus epitope of SmB/B '. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, US Dept Vet Affairs,Med Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 5 SU S BP A958 EP A958 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 228JG UT WOS:000082132901798 ER PT J AU Wen, Y Sachs, G AF Wen, Y Sachs, G TI Lipocortin-5 may function as a signaling protein for vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2/Flk-1 SO INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0146-0404 J9 INVEST OPHTH VIS SCI JI Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 40 IS 4 MA 47B7 BP S10 EP S10 PG 1 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 178MF UT WOS:000079269200048 ER PT J AU Edinger, JW Bonneville, M Scotet, E Houssaint, E Schumacher, HR Posnett, DN AF Edinger, JW Bonneville, M Scotet, E Houssaint, E Schumacher, HR Posnett, DN TI EBV gene expression not altered in rheumatoid synovia despite the presence of EBV antigen-specific T cell clones SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; HUMAN CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; ARTHRITIS PATIENTS; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; B-CELLS; FLUID LYMPHOCYTES; LYTIC REPLICATION AB T cells infiltrating the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joint are oligoclonal, implicating an Ag-driven process, but the putative joint-specific Ags remain elusive, Here we examine expression of selected EBV genes in RA synovia and find no abnormal expression in RA, DNA of CMV and EBV was detectable by PCR in the synovial tissue of RA, RNA of several latent and lytic EBV genes was also detectable. However, there were no differences in EBV gene expression in synovial tissues or peripheral blood when comparing RA with osteoarthritis, Gulf War syndrome, and other disease controls, RA synovia with highly expanded CD8 T cell clones reactive with defined EBV peptide Ags presented by HLA class I alleles lacked evidence of abnormal mRNA expression for the relevant EBV Ag (BZLF1) or lacked amplifiable mRNA (BMLF1), Thus, local production of EBV Ags in synovial tissues may not be the cause of the accumulation of T cell clones specific for these Ags, Instead, APCs loaded with processed EBV peptides may migrate to the synovium, Alternatively, EBV-specific T cell clones may be generated in other tissues and then migrate to synovia, perhaps due to cross-reactive joint-specific Ags or because of expression of homing receptors. C1 Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Grad Sch Med Sci, Program Immunol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Penn, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Inst Biol, INSERM, U463, Nantes, France. RP Edinger, JW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Grad Sch Med Sci, Program Immunol, 1300 York Ave,Box 56, New York, NY 10021 USA. RI SCOTET, Emmanuel/L-2576-2015 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R0-1 AI22333]; PHS HHS [R0-131140] NR 76 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 162 IS 6 BP 3694 EP 3701 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 175QB UT WOS:000079105000074 PM 10092832 ER PT J AU Leverenz, JB Wilkinson, CW Wamble, M Corbin, S Grabber, JE Raskind, MA Peskind, ER AF Leverenz, JB Wilkinson, CW Wamble, M Corbin, S Grabber, JE Raskind, MA Peskind, ER TI Effect of chronic high-dose exogenous cortisol on hippocampal neuronal number in aged nonhuman primates SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE cortisol; aging; nonhuman primate; hippocampus; stereology; CSF cortisol ID PROLONGED GLUCOCORTICOID EXPOSURE; PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; STRESS; MEMORY; DISEASE; VOLUME; BRAIN; RATS AB Chronic exposure to increased glucocorticoid concentrations appears to lower the threshold for hippocampal neuronal degeneration in the old rat. It has been proposed that increased brain exposure to glucocorticoids may lower the threshold far hippocampal neuronal degeneration in human aging and Alzheimer's disease. Here, we asked whether chronic administration of high-dose cortisol to older nonhuman primates decreases hippocampal neuronal number as assessed by unbiased stereological counting methodology Sixteen Macaca nemestrina (pigtailed macaques) from 18 to 29 years of age were age-, sex-, and weight-matched into pairs and randomized to receive either high-dose oral hydrocortisone (cortisol) acetate (4-6 mg/kg/d) or placebo in twice daily palatable treats for 12 months. Hypothalamic pituitary-adrenal activity was monitored by measuring plasma adrenocorticotropin and cortisol, 24 hr urinary cortisol, and CSF cortisol. Urinary, plasma, and CSF cortisol were elevated, and plasma adrenocorticotropin was reduced in the active treatment group. Total hippocampal volume, subfield volumes, subfield neuronal density, and subfield total neuronal number did not differ between the experimental groups. These findings suggest that chronically elevated cortisol concentrations, in the absence of stress, do not produce hippocampal neuronal loss in nonhuman primates. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Washington Reg Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Peskind, ER (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, 116 MIRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [2P51RR00166]; NIA NIH HHS [AGO6136] NR 28 TC 126 Z9 130 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0270-6474 J9 J NEUROSCI JI J. Neurosci. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 19 IS 6 BP 2356 EP 2361 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 173BQ UT WOS:000078961400043 PM 10066285 ER PT J AU Gutsmann-Conrad, A Pahlavani, MA Heydari, AR Richardson, A AF Gutsmann-Conrad, A Pahlavani, MA Heydari, AR Richardson, A TI Expression of heat shock protein 70 decreases with age in hepatocytes and splenocytes from female rats SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International NILS Workshop on Longevity Sciences - Roles of Protein in Aging and Age-Associated Disorders CY NOV 29-30, 1997 CL OBU, JAPAN SP NILS DE Liver; spleen; heat shock proteins; Hsp70; heat shock transcription factor ID TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA; DNA-BINDING; LIVER-MICROSOMES; HSP70; PROMOTER; CLONING; CELLS; GENE; CYTOCHROME-P-450 AB A decline in the induction of heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) expression with age has been shown to occur in a variety of tissues from male rodents. Because the age-related change in the expression of many genes often differ in male and female rodents, we have measured the induction of hsp70 expression in hepatocytes and splenocytes from young/adult (4-8 months) and old (20-22 months) female Fischer 344 rats. Hepatocytes and splenocytes isolated from old female rats showed a marked decrease in the induction of hsp70 mRNA and protein levels by heat shock when compared to hepatocytes and splenocytes isolated from young/adult female rats. Because the heat shock transcription factor HSF1 mediates the heat-induced transcription of hsp70, the effect of age on HSFI was also studied. The ability of extracts from heat-shocked splenocytes to bind to the heat shock element (HSE) decreased with age. Interestingly, the levels of HSFI protein were similar in splenocytes and hepatocytes from old female rats compared to young/adult female rats, even though the levels of HSE-binding were lower for splenocytes isolated from old rats. In this study, we show an age-related decline in the expression of hsp70, and this decline was similar to what we had previously observed in male Fischer 344 rats. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Geriatr Res Educ & Clin Ctr 182, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG01548] NR 43 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing. Dev. PD MAR 15 PY 1999 VL 107 IS 3 BP 255 EP 270 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00132-8 PG 16 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 192VC UT WOS:000080099400005 PM 10360681 ER PT J AU Durante, W Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI AF Durante, W Peyton, KJ Schafer, AI TI Platelet-derived growth factor induces heme oxygenase-1 gene expression and carbon monoxide formation by vascular smooth muscle cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VAMC, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A37 EP A37 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300214 ER PT J AU Garnovskaya, M Mukhin, Y Raymond, J AF Garnovskaya, M Mukhin, Y Raymond, J TI Angiotensin II and serotonin induce the phosphorylation of serine 727 of STAT3 in vascular smooth muscle cells SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A468 EP A468 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302698 ER PT J AU Mukhin, Y Collinsworth, G Fitzgibbon, W Ploth, D Raymond, J Garnovskaya, M AF Mukhin, Y Collinsworth, G Fitzgibbon, W Ploth, D Raymond, J Garnovskaya, M TI Bradykinin B-2 receptor activation increases Na+/H+ exchange in mIMCD-3 cells. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A135 EP A135 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033300778 ER PT J AU Pena, AA Williams, MD Van Remmen, H Richardson, A AF Pena, AA Williams, MD Van Remmen, H Richardson, A TI Increased oxidative damage is correlated to altered mitochondrial enzyme activities in skeletal muscle. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD MAR 12 PY 1999 VL 13 IS 4 SU S BP A413 EP A413 PN 1 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 226QW UT WOS:000082033302383 ER PT J AU Whooley, MA Kip, KE Cauley, JA Ensrud, KE Nevitt, MC Browner, WS AF Whooley, MA Kip, KE Cauley, JA Ensrud, KE Nevitt, MC Browner, WS CA Study Osteoporotic Fractures Res Grp TI Depression, falls, and risk of fracture in older women SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; HIP FRACTURE; OSTEOPOROTIC FRACTURES; NURSING-HOME; LATER LIFE; DISABILITY; SYMPTOMS; OUTCOMES; MASS; INDEX AB Background: Previous studies have suggested that depression is associated with falls and with low bone density, but it is not known whether depression leads to an increased risk of fracture. Subjects and Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study in elderly white women who were recruited from population-based listings in the United States. At a second visit (1988-1990), 7414 participants completed the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale and were considered depressed if they reported 6 or more symptoms of depression. We measured bone mineral density (BMD) in the spine and hip using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry at the second visit, and asked participants about incident falls (yes/no) at 4 follow-up visits. Nonvertebral fractures were ascertained for an average of 6 years following the depression measure, and verified radiologically. We determined incident vertebral fractures by comparing lateral spine films obtained at the first visit (1986-1988) with repeat films obtained an average of 3.7 years later (1991-1992). Results: The prevalence of depression (Geriatric Depression Scale score greater than or equal to 6) was 6.3% (467/7414). We found no difference in mean BMD of the hip and lumbar spine in women with depression compared with those without depression. Women with depression were more likely to experience subsequent falls than women without depression (70% vs 59%; age-adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-1.9; P < .001), an association that persisted after adjusting for potential confounding variables (OR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.8; P = .004). Women with depression had a 40% (age-adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7; P < .001) increased rate of nonvertebral fracture (124 fractures in 3805 woman-years of follow-up) compared with women without depression (1367 fractures in 59 503 woman-years of followup). This association remained strong after adjusting for potential confounding variables, including medication use and neuromuscular function (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.6; P = .008). Further adjustment for subsequent falls appeared to explain part of this association (HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5; P = .06). Women with depression were also more likely to suffer vertebral fractures than women without depression, adjusting for history of vertebral fracture, history of falling, arthritis, diabetes, steroid use, estrogen use, supplemental calcium use, cognitive function, and hip BMD (OR, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.4-3.2; P < .001). Conclusions: Depression is a significant risk factor for fracture in older women. The greater frequency of falls among individuals with depression partially explains this finding. Other mechanisms responsible for the association between depression and fracture remain to be determined. C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Whooley, MA (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Gen Internal Med Sect, 4150 Clement St,111A1, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Cauley, Jane/N-4836-2015 OI Cauley, Jane/0000-0003-0752-4408 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05394, AG05407]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR35582] NR 49 TC 202 Z9 210 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 8 PY 1999 VL 159 IS 5 BP 484 EP 490 DI 10.1001/archinte.159.5.484 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 172FK UT WOS:000078912600010 PM 10074957 ER PT J AU Preston, RA Materson, BJ Reda, DJ Williams, DW AF Preston, RA Materson, BJ Reda, DJ Williams, DW TI Renin profiling to predict response to antihypertensive therapy - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL 33152 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Preston, RA (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL 33152 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 3 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 9 BP 793 EP 794 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 170KF UT WOS:000078804300018 ER PT J AU Lemaitre, RN Siscovick, DS Psaty, BM Anderson, GD Pearce, RM Raghunathan, TE Lin, DY Weinmann, SA Whitsel, EA AF Lemaitre, RN Siscovick, DS Psaty, BM Anderson, GD Pearce, RM Raghunathan, TE Lin, DY Weinmann, SA Whitsel, EA TI Use of inhaled beta-agonists and the risk of primary cardiac arrest SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 2 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 8 MA P59 BP 1118 EP 1118 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 171BC UT WOS:000078841500109 ER PT J AU Whitsel, EA Pearce, RM Ragunathan, TE Lin, DY Rautaharju, PM Weinmann, SA Anderson, GD Arbogast, PG Siscovick, DS AF Whitsel, EA Pearce, RM Ragunathan, TE Lin, DY Rautaharju, PM Weinmann, SA Anderson, GD Arbogast, PG Siscovick, DS TI Electrocardiographic indicators of autonomic dysfunction and risk of primary cardiac arrest among patients without clinically recognized heart disease SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA USA. Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. EPICARE Ctr, Winston Salem, NC USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD MAR 2 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 8 MA P58 BP 1118 EP 1118 PG 1 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 171BC UT WOS:000078841500108 ER PT J AU Taylor, AN Tio, DL Chiappelli, F AF Taylor, AN Tio, DL Chiappelli, F TI Thymocyte development in male fetal alcohol-exposed rats SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE thymus; thymocytes; development; fetal alcohol exposure; CD45RC ID T-CELLS; IMMUNE; ETHANOL; EXPRESSION; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; ADRENALECTOMY; ISOFORMS; THYMUS; ALTERS; MOUSE AB We previously reported altered responses of thymocytes to mitogen stimulation after fetal alcohol exposure (FAE) in prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of FAE on the developmental pattern of thymocyte subsets. In the first experiment, we found that the proportion of double-labeled CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes is identical in fetal alcohol-exposed (E) end control (C) animals at 34 and 45 days of age. In the second experiment-at 20, 28, 35, and 48 days of age--we examined the proportion of CD4(+) and CD8(+) thymocytes that express or are devoid of the maturational markers, the alpha/beta configuration of the T-cell receptor TcR), and the restriction fragment C of the common leukocyte antigen (CD45RC), We found significant age-dependent effects on the numbers of total double-positive CD4-TcR and CD8-TcR or CD45RC: thymocytes, and significantly lower numbers of total CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells in E than in C rats throughout this period - a finding consistent with the significantly lower total number of thymocytes in E than in C: rats. The developmental patterns for both markers were similar in E and C groups, in both the rising (days 20 to 28) and declining (days 35 to 48) phases. However, on day 35, E rats had significantly lower numbers of double-positive CD8-TcR and CD8-CD45RC cells than (: rats. It therefore seems that FAE tends to accelerate the decline of double-positive CD8-TcR and CD8-CD45RC cells. The contribution of this phenotypic change to the thymic functional alterations induced by FAE remains to be determined. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Div Diagnost Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Dent, Inst Dent Res, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Taylor, AN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM ataylor@mednet.ucla.edu FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA09850]; NIDA NIH HHS [DA07683] NR 36 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD MAR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 3 BP 465 EP 470 DI 10.1097/00000374-199903000-00012 PG 6 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 178MN UT WOS:000079269900013 PM 10195819 ER PT J AU Mertz, H Naliboff, B Mayer, E AF Mertz, H Naliboff, B Mayer, E TI Physiology of refractory chronic constipation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEGMENTAL COLONIC TRANSIT; IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; IDIOPATHIC CONSTIPATION; ANISMUS; MARKER; TIME AB OBJECTIVE: Investigators suggest three distinct pathophysiologies for patients with constipation symptoms: 1) slow colon transit, 2) irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and 3) pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). Our aim was to determine the prevalence of the three types of constipation pathophysiology, the degree of overlap, and what interactions exist between pathophysiologies. METHODS: Constipated patients refractory to fiber (n = 131) underwent regional colon transit studies, anorectal manometry/EMG, measurement of rectal compliance, and rectal sensory testing. Correlations were performed examining interactions between the above measures. RESULTS: Visceral hypersensitivity (typical of IBS) was found in 58%, slow colonic transit in 47%, PFD in 59%, and no physiological abnormalities were detected in 24%. Slow transit and visceral hypersensitivity overlapped in half of each group. PFD physiology was found in approximately half of each of the subgroups. There was no correlation between PFD physiology and rectosigmoid transit, total colon transit, or any other physiology. There were no correlations between slow transit and visceral hypersensitivity. Visceral hypersensitivity did correlate with increased rectal compliance, suggestive of increased accommodation reflexes in IBS. CONCLUSIONS: At a tertiary center, slow transit physiology and visceral hypersensitivity typical of IBS are equally common and overlap heavily in constipated patients. PFD physiology does not correlate with slower rectosigmoid colon transit, and is seen equally in all subgroups. No abnormalities were found in 24% of patients. We therefore identify four subgroups in constipation: IBS, slow transit, both, and neither. (Am J Gastroenterol 1999;94:609-615. (C) 1999 by Am. Cell. of Gastroenterology). C1 Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, UCLA CURE Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Med & Psychol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, 1414 TVC, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. NR 25 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 EI 1572-0241 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 94 IS 3 BP 609 EP 615 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 176CY UT WOS:000079134400015 PM 10086639 ER PT J AU Pascualy, M Shores, M AF Pascualy, M Shores, M TI The American Psychiatric Press Textbook of Geriatric Psychiatry, 2nd edition SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Book Review C1 Univ Washington, Div Geriatr Psychiat, Fac Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Pascualy, M (reprint author), Univ Washington, Div Geriatr Psychiat, Fac Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1064-7481 J9 AM J GERIAT PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Geriatr. Psychiatr. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 7 IS 2 BP 175 EP 176 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Psychiatry GA 183BD UT WOS:000079532900013 ER PT J AU Simon, N Maresh, JG Harris, SE Hernandez, JD Arar, M Olson, MS Abboud, HE AF Simon, N Maresh, JG Harris, SE Hernandez, JD Arar, M Olson, MS Abboud, HE TI Expression of bone morphogenetic protein-7 mRNA in normal and ischemic adult rat kidney SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-RENAL PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE transforming growth factor-beta superfamily; cytokines; growth factors; differentiation; metanephric mesenchyme ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; EMBRYONIC-DEVELOPMENT; RNA; MOUSE; BMP-7; EXTRACTION; MESENCHYME; INDUCTION; PATTERNS; SUGGEST AB BMP-7, a member of the bone morphogenic protein subfamily (BMPs) of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily of secreted growth factors, is abundantly expressed in the fetal kidney. The precise role of this protein in renal physiology or pathology is unknown. A cDNA that encodes rat BMP-7 was cloned and used as a probe to localize BMP-7 mRNA expression by in situ hybridization in the adult rat kidney. The highest expression of BMP-7 mRNA could be seen in tubules of the outer medulla. In glomeruli, a few cells, mainly located at the periphery of the glomerular tuft, showed specific and strong signals. Also, high BMP-7 mRNA expression could be localized to the adventitia of renal arteries, as well as to the epithelial cell layer of the renal pelvis and the ureter. Preliminary evidence suggests that BMP-7 enhances recovery when infused into rats with ischemia-induced acute renal failure. We examined BMP-7 mRNA expression in kidneys with acute renal failure induced by unilateral renal artery clamping. BMP-7 mRNA abundance as analyzed by solution hybridization was reduced in ischemic kidneys after 6 and 16 h of reperfusion compared with the contralateral kidney. In situ hybridization in ischemic kidneys showed a marked decrease of BMP-7 mRNA in the outer medulla and in glomeruli. Utilizing rat metanephric mesenchymal cells in culture, we also demonstrate that BMP-7 induces epithelial cell differentiation. Taken together, these data suggest that BMP-7 is important in both stimulating and maintaining a healthy differentiated epithelial cell phenotype. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pediat Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Abboud, HE (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM abboud@uthscsa.edu NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 1931-857X J9 AM J PHYSIOL-RENAL JI Am. J. Physiol.-Renal Physiol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 276 IS 3 BP F382 EP F389 PG 8 WC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology SC Physiology; Urology & Nephrology GA 174VE UT WOS:000079056100006 ER PT J AU Kelley, ME van Kammen, DP Allen, DN AF Kelley, ME van Kammen, DP Allen, DN TI Empirical validation of primary negative symptoms: Independence from effects of medication and psychosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-SCHIZOPHRENIA; NEUROLEPTIC TREATMENT; DEFICIT SYNDROME; RELIABILITY; REPLICATION; DICHOTOMY; VIEW AB Objective: Recent studies of negative symptoms in schizophrenia-specifically, those involving the deficit syndrome-have focused on uncovering the symptoms that are primary to the disease rather than secondary to the psychotic process. One of the foremost concerns in this effort is establishing whether the negative symptoms observed are the result of medication effects. Method: This study used negative symptom ratings obtained in a drug withdrawal paradigm to compare symptom profiles in the same schizophrenic patients when they were on and off antipsychotic drug treatment. The study group consisted of 93 physically healthy male patients with DSM-lll-R-defined schizophrenia. Principal components analysis was performed on negative symptom data obtained separately during haloperidol treatment and again when the patients were drug free to determine whether there were meaningful factor scores that were consistent across medication conditions. Drug withdrawal effects on negative symptom factors were then tested for associations with secondary sources of variance including extrapyramidal side effects, anxiety/depression, and psychosis. Results: Two factors, termed affective flattening and diminished motivation, exhibited similar loadings when the patients were both on and off medication. Changes in motivation were associated with changes in anxiety/depression and psychosis, while changes in affective flattening were associated with changes in extrapyramidal side effects. Conclusions: The documented secondary sources of negative symptoms are related to different and distinct aspects of negative symptoms; this finding will aid in the identification of primary negative symptoms. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Kelley, ME (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, GIM 130U,Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH-44841] NR 46 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 156 IS 3 BP 406 EP 411 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 173FE UT WOS:000078969900011 PM 10080556 ER PT J AU Cohen, AJ Franklin, WA Magill, C Sorenson, J Miller, YE AF Cohen, AJ Franklin, WA Magill, C Sorenson, J Miller, YE TI Low neutral endopeptidase levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of lung cancer patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BOMBESIN-LIKE PEPTIDES; GASTRIN-RELEASING PEPTIDE; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LEUKEMIA ANTIGEN CALLA; GUINEA-PIG; GROWTH-FACTORS; SUBSTANCE-P; FETAL LUNG; MODULATION; EXPRESSION AB Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is a cell surface enzyme found in normal human lung and which hydrolyzes small bioactive peptides, some of which act as growth factors for normal and malignant airway epithelial cells. Expression of NEP varies widely in human lung tissue from different individuals. NEP is often expressed at low or undetectable levels in both small-cell and non-small-cell lung cancer, and inhibits the growth of lung cancer cell lines. Variation in the expression of NEP could be a factor in susceptibility to lung cancer. We hypothesized that NEP could be measured in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and that airway levels of NEP would be low in lung cancer patients as compared with normal controls. We measured NEP and total protein in cell-free BALF supernatant, and expressed the respective concentrations as a ratio. NEP levels showed wide variation in BALF of healthy volunteers. Most patients with lung cancer had no NEP detectable in BALF. The mean NEP/total protein ratio was significantly lower in patients with lung cancer (0.87 +/- 0.7 ng NEP/mg protein) than in normal healthy subjects (14.0 +/- 4.3, p < 0.0003). We conclude that NEP levels are highly variable in BALF of normal volunteers, and are low or undetectable in most BALF specimens from patients with lung cancer. Low NEP levels in the airways may be a factor in the pathogenesis of carcinoma of the lung. C1 Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80220 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Natl Jewish Ctr Med & Res, Denver, CO USA. Arris Pharmaceut, S San Francisco, CA USA. RP Cohen, AJ (reprint author), Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA58187] NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 BP 907 EP 910 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 175QQ UT WOS:000079106600034 PM 10051271 ER PT J AU Hoo, GWS Guerrero, MA Enano, LA Kendrick, C Nishijo, M Sodoy, S Schapira, J AF Hoo, GWS Guerrero, MA Enano, LA Kendrick, C Nishijo, M Sodoy, S Schapira, J TI Evaluation of agitation in the ICU. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care Sect, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A767 EP A767 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104262 ER PT J AU Hrdlickova, H Goldman, MD AF Hrdlickova, H Goldman, MD TI Measurement of bronchodilator response in COPD and allergy/asthma patients with body plethysmography, forced oscillation (IOS) and spirometry. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles VAMC, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A837 EP A837 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104671 ER PT J AU Lewinsohn, DM Alderson, MR Briden, AL Reed, SG Grabstein, KH AF Lewinsohn, DM Alderson, MR Briden, AL Reed, SG Grabstein, KH TI Mtb-reactive CD8(+) lymphocytes: The relative contribution of classical vs non classical HLA restriction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Portland, OR USA. Corixa Corp, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A740 EP A740 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104111 ER PT J AU Love, RB Cornwell, RD Canver, C Onsager, D Friar, JA Pellett, JR Meyer, KC AF Love, RB Cornwell, RD Canver, C Onsager, D Friar, JA Pellett, JR Meyer, KC TI Lung transplantation in the VA system can achieve excellent results SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A55 EP A55 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237100240 ER PT J AU Meissner, HH Khonsary, SA Hoo, GWS Santiago, SM AF Meissner, HH Khonsary, SA Hoo, GWS Santiago, SM TI Positron emission tomography in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angele VAMC, Pulm Crite Care Sect, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A66 EP A66 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237100300 ER PT J AU Miller, PW Sharma, S Stolina, M Luo, J Lin, Y Dohadwala, M Batra, RK Dubinett, SM AF Miller, PW Sharma, S Stolina, M Luo, J Lin, Y Dohadwala, M Batra, RK Dubinett, SM TI Intratumoral administration of cytokine gene-modified dendritic cells augments specific antitumor immunity and achieves systemic tumor eradication. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Immunol Pulm Lab, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A238 EP A238 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237101293 ER PT J AU Nguyen, T Shrager, J Kaiser, L Rubinstein, N Levine, S AF Nguyen, T Shrager, J Kaiser, L Rubinstein, N Levine, S TI Myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression pattern in human diaphragm (DIA). SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Surg Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A580 EP A580 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237103207 ER PT J AU Salazar, R Peters, J Levine, S Anzueto, A Susanto, I Maxwell, P Sako, E Halff, G AF Salazar, R Peters, J Levine, S Anzueto, A Susanto, I Maxwell, P Sako, E Halff, G TI Evaluation of renal toxicity of amphotericin B lipid complex (ABLC) in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A537 EP A537 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237102962 ER PT J AU Siegel, RE Alicea, M Lee, A Blaiklock, R Schilero, GJ AF Siegel, RE Alicea, M Lee, A Blaiklock, R Schilero, GJ TI Inpatient treatment of community-acquired pneumonia with one dose of IV therapy prior to switch to oral therapy. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A845 EP A845 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104719 ER PT J AU Steele, B Holt, L Belza, B Lakshminaryan, L Buchner, D AF Steele, B Holt, L Belza, B Lakshminaryan, L Buchner, D TI How many walks: Revisiting the 6-minute walk in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A692 EP A692 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237103853 ER PT J AU Strickland, JH Jannett, TC AF Strickland, JH Jannett, TC TI Improved dynamic response during automatic adjustment of FiO(2) using adaptive proportional-integral control. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A49 EP A49 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237100205 ER PT J AU Susanto, I Peters, JI Anzueto, A Sako, EY Cronin, T Bryan, CL Levine, SM AF Susanto, I Peters, JI Anzueto, A Sako, EY Cronin, T Bryan, CL Levine, SM TI Long-term survival in ABO-mismatched lung transplantation. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A540 EP A540 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237102980 ER PT J AU Swenson, ER Maichel, B Lakshminarayan, S AF Swenson, ER Maichel, B Lakshminarayan, S TI High prevalence of shunt (Q(S)/Q(T)) detected pre-operatively by 100% O-2 breathing in lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) patients. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A822 EP A822 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237104586 ER PT J AU Zhu, L Sharma, S Stolina, M Gardner, B Roth, M Tashkin, D Dubinett, SM AF Zhu, L Sharma, S Stolina, M Gardner, B Roth, M Tashkin, D Dubinett, SM TI THC-mediated, IL-10-dependent suppression of anti-tumor immunity of murine lung cancer. SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 159 IS 3 SU S BP A404 EP A404 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 230DT UT WOS:000082237102225 ER PT J AU Oslin, DW O'Brien, CP Katz, IR AF Oslin, DW O'Brien, CP Katz, IR TI The disabling nature of comorbid depression among older DUI recipients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Article ID GENERAL-POPULATION; DISORDERS; ALCOHOLISM; DIAGNOSIS; MORTALITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OUTCOMES AB Alcoholism and depression are two of the most common and disabling mental illnesses in late life. This study is a descriptive report of a sample of 49 adults who had recently been convicted of Driving Under the Influence of Alcohol (DUI). A lifetime history of alcohol abuse or dependence was present ill 48 subjects (98%), while a depressive disorder occurred In 24 (49%) of the subjects. Concurrent alcoholism and depression, present in 12 subjects (24.5%), produced greater self-reported disability compared to those subjects with alcoholism alone. One-year longitudinal follow-up was available on 31 subjects (63.3%). Over the course of one year there were no changes ill drinking behaviour, depressive symptoms, or self-reported quality of life. These data support previous studies that suggest greater disability, in patients with concurrent mental illnesses. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ralston Penn Ctr, Ctr Study Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Sect Geriatr Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Oslin, DW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Ralston Penn Ctr, Ctr Study Addict, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [2P30 MH 52129-05] NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 8 IS 2 BP 128 EP 135 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 198DH UT WOS:000080407000006 PM 10365193 ER PT J AU Atdjian, S Dhopesh, V Yu, E Fudala, PJ AF Atdjian, S Dhopesh, V Yu, E Fudala, PJ TI Methadone overdose in an opiate-naive patient SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON ADDICTIONS LA English DT Letter C1 Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Dhopesh, V (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 116 7E,Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1055-0496 J9 AM J ADDICTION JI Am. J. Addict. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 8 IS 2 BP 170 EP 171 PG 2 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 198DH UT WOS:000080407000011 PM 10365198 ER PT J AU Berke, GS Blackwell, KE Gerratt, BR Verneil, A Jackson, KS Sercarz, JA AF Berke, GS Blackwell, KE Gerratt, BR Verneil, A Jackson, KS Sercarz, JA TI Selective laryngeal adductor denervation-reinnervation: A new surgical treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia SO ANNALS OF OTOLOGY RHINOLOGY AND LARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the American-Laryngological-Association CY MAY 09-10, 1998 CL PALM BEACH, FLORIDA SP Amer Laryngol Assoc DE adductor spasmodic dysphonia; laryngeal reinnervation; laryngeal surgery; thyroarytenoid muscle ID SPASTIC DYSPHONIA; MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; NERVE-SECTION; INJECTIONS; SPEECH AB During the past decade, botulinum toxin (Botox) has emerged as the accepted treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ASD). This therapy, which produces bilateral weakness of the thyroarytenoid muscle, undoubtedly produces physiologic effects that are beneficial to patients with ASD. However, it also has important limitations, including the need for repeated injections, the unpredictable relationship between dosage and response, and the possibility of short-term swallowing and voice problems. In this study, we will report our preliminary experience with a new surgical treatment for ASD. In this new procedure, the adductor branch of the recurrent laryngeal nerve is selectively denervated bilaterally, and its distal nerve stumps are reinnervated with branches of the ansa cervicalis nerve. Each of the patients was followed for at least 12 months; the median follow-up is 36 months. The outcome of the operation in 21 consecutive patients is reported. Nineteen of the 21 patients were judged to have an overall severity of dysphonia that was "absent to mild" following the procedure. Only 1 patient underwent further treatment with Botox postoperatively. The implications of this new procedure for ASD are discussed. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Berke, GS (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, 10833 Le Conte Ave,Room 62-132, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 17 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU ANNALS PUBL CO PI ST LOUIS PA 4507 LACLEDE AVE, ST LOUIS, MO 63108 USA SN 0003-4894 J9 ANN OTO RHINOL LARYN JI Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 108 IS 3 BP 227 EP 231 PG 5 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 176GN UT WOS:000079143400002 PM 10086613 ER PT J AU de Virgilio, C Toosie, K Lewis, RJ Stabile, BE Baker, JD White, R Donayre, CE Ephraim, L AF de Virgilio, C Toosie, K Lewis, RJ Stabile, BE Baker, JD White, R Donayre, CE Ephraim, L TI Cardiac morbidity and operative mortality following lower-extremity amputation: The significance of multiple Eagle criteria SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Annual Meeting of the Southern-California-Vascular-Surgical-Society CY APR 24-26, 1998 CL LA JOLLA, CALIFORNIA SP So California Vasc Surg Soc ID KNEE AMPUTATIONS; ABOVE-KNEE AB The ability of the Eagle criteria (age >70 years, angina, diabetes, Q wave on EKG, history of congestive heart failure) to predict adverse cardiac events following major vascular surgery has previously been demonstrated. However, the utility of these criteria for lower-extremity amputation is not well established. To determine the value of the Eagle criteria for predicting cardiac morbidity and operative mortality following major lower-extremity amputation, we reviewed 214 consecutive procedures performed at two institutions over a 3-year period. Mean age was 62.7 years and 85% of the patients were male. Diabetes was the most frequent Eagle criterion (74%), The mean number of Eagle criteria was 1.6. Fifty-six percent of the amputations were below the knee, 24% were above the knee, and 20% were guillotine. On multivariate regression analysis, the presence of two or more Eagle criteria (16% vs. 4%, p = 0.04) and decompensated heart failure (39% vs. 7%, p = 0.003) were predictive of adverse cardiac events. The only predictor of postoperative mortality was the presence of two or more Eagle criteria (15% vs. 4%, p = 0.004). Our evaluation of the results of this study led us to conclude that patients requiring major lower-extremity amputation for major vascular disease who have multiple Eagle criteria or decompensated congestive heart failure are at high risk for adverse cardiac events and postoperative death. These findings should be used to guide perioperative cardiac evaluation and therapy. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Vasc Surg, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Vasc Surg, Dept Surg, W Los Angeles, CA USA. RP de Virgilio, C (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Harbor Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Vasc Surg, Box 25,1000 W Carson St, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 204 EP 208 DI 10.1007/s100169900243 PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 170BT UT WOS:000078786100014 PM 10072463 ER PT J AU Wang, MB Alavi, S Engstrom, M Lee, J Namazie, A Moatamed, F Srivatsan, ES AF Wang, MB Alavi, S Engstrom, M Lee, J Namazie, A Moatamed, F Srivatsan, ES TI Detection of chromosome 11q13 amplification in head and neck cancer using fluorescence in situ hybridization SO ANTICANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE 11q13 amplification; head and neck cancer; FISH ID SQUAMOUS-CELL CARCINOMAS; DOUBLE MINUTE CHROMOSOMES; CYCLIN D1; GENE AMPLIFICATION; POOR-PROGNOSIS; BLADDER-CANCER; ABERRATIONS; TUMORS; LINES; REGION AB Background: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a cancer with one of the lowest five-year survival rates. Despite a better understanding of the disease and recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, survival rates for HNSCC patients have not improved. Chromosomal abnormalities are common in HNSCC, and aberrations of chromosome 11q13 have been correlated with a poor prognosis. Materials and Methods: In this study we utilized fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to determine the incidence of 11q13 amplification in twenty primary HNSCC tumors. INT-2 was used as the 11q13 probe, and 9 and 11 centromeric probes were used as controls. Results: Polysomy, greater than two copies of chromosome 11, was found in 2 of 20 tumors. INT2 (11q13) amplification was found in 3 other tumors. Conclusions: These preliminary studies indicate that analysis of a larger sample of tumors using FISH may yield important diagnostic and prognostic information about head and neck tumors. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Uppsala Hosp, Dept Otorhinolaryngol & Head & Neck Surg, Uppsala, Sweden. RP Wang, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Head & Neck Surg, CHS 62-132,10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 36 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT INST ANTICANCER RESEARCH PI ATHENS PA EDITORIAL OFFICE 1ST KM KAPANDNTIOU-KALAMOU RD KAPANDRITI, POB 22, ATHENS 19014, GREECE SN 0250-7005 J9 ANTICANCER RES JI Anticancer Res. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 19 IS 2A BP 925 EP 931 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 202JQ UT WOS:000080649100005 PM 10368635 ER PT J AU Ripple, MO Hagopian, K Oberley, TD Schatten, H Weindruch, R AF Ripple, Maureen O. Hagopian, Kevork Oberley, Terry D. Schatten, Heide Weindruch, Richard TI Androgen-Induced Oxidative Stress in Human LNCaP Prostate Cancer Cells Is Associated with Multiple Mitochondrial Modifications SO ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING LA English DT Article AB We investigated the role of androgen-induced oxidative stress in prostate cancer using responsive LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line exposed to a 1-nM concentration of the synthetic androgen R1881 ( which correlates with serum androgen levels). Such exposure, which decreases growth rate and increases oxidative stress in LNCaP cells, induced statistically significant mitochondrial changes. A 40% increase in 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction, indicative of mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity, occurred 24 hr after androgen treatment. This change preceded 50-110% increases, 40-96 hr after R1881 exposure, in levels of cellular peroxides and hydroxyl radicals as measured by 2'7'-dicholorofluorescin diacetate (DCF) fluorescence. On the basis of electron microscopy measurements, R1881 treatment increased the area fraction of mitochondria per cell by similar to 100% at 72 hr. In agreement, mitochondrial mass at 96 hr, evaluated by the fluorescent dye nonyl acridine orange (NAO), was 80% higher in treated cells. R1881 exposure for 24 hr lowered the activities of electron transport system (ETS) complexes, I, II, and IV by 17-27% and ATP levels by 50%. The ETS inhibitors, rotenone and antimycin A, lowered androgen-induced DCF fluorescence readings to control levels thereby suggesting ETS involvement in androgen-induced oxidant production. Addition of alpha-tocopherol succinate abrogated R1881-induced elevations in MTT reduction. In sum, androgens may, directly or indirectly, contribute to oxidative stress in LNCaP cells by regulating mitochondrial number, activity, and oxidant production by mechanisms that are, at least in part, sensitive to an antioxidant. Antiox. Redox Signal. 1, 71-81. C1 [Ripple, Maureen O.; Hagopian, Kevork; Weindruch, Richard] William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Ripple, Maureen O.; Weindruch, Richard] Univ Wisconsin, Inst Aging, Univ Wisconsin Comprehens Canc Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Ripple, Maureen O.; Weindruch, Richard] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Univ Wisconsin Comprehens Canc Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hagopian, Kevork; Weindruch, Richard] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Reg Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Oberley, Terry D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Schatten, Heide] Univ Missouri, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Weindruch, R (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, GRECC 4D, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM rhweindr@facstaff.wisc.edu FU National Institute on Aging [T32 A G 00213]; Madison VA GRECC [99-04] FX This work was supported by National Institute on Aging grant T32 A G 00213 (R.W.). This is publication #99-04 from the Madison VA GRECC. NR 45 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1523-0864 EI 1557-7716 J9 ANTIOXID REDOX SIGN JI Antioxid. Redox Signal. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 1 IS 1 BP 71 EP 81 DI 10.1089/ars.1999.1.1-71 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA V10YV UT WOS:000207500200006 PM 11225734 ER PT J AU Van Remmen, H Salvador, C Yang, H Huang, TT Epstein, CJ Richardson, A AF Van Remmen, H Salvador, C Yang, H Huang, TT Epstein, CJ Richardson, A TI Characterization of the antioxidant status of the heterozygous manganese superoxide dismutase knockout mouse SO ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE MnSOD; glutathione; antioxidant enzymes; knockout mice ID GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; TRANSGENIC MICE; OXYGEN-TOXICITY; EXPRESSION; DEFICIENT; CATALASE; ENZYMES; SENSITIVITY; HYPEROXIA; CELLS AB The antioxidant status of several tissues (liver, kidney, lung, brain, heart, muscle, stomach, and spleen) fi om heterozygous manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) mutant mice (Sod2(-/+)) was characterized. The activity of MnSOD was decreased (30 to 80%) in all tissues examined. The levels of mRNA coding for the major antioxidant enzymes (CuZnSOD, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) were not significantly altered in liver, kidney, heart, lung, or brain in the Sod2(-/+) mice. The activities of the enzymes were not altered in any of these tissues, with the exception of a decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity in muscle in the Sod2(-/+) mice compared to the Sod2(+/+) mice. Thus, there was no up-regulation of the activities of the major antioxidant enzymes to compensate for the decrease in MnSOD activity. Reduced glutathione levels were 30 to 50% lower in the lung, brain, and muscle of the Sod2(-/+) mice compared to the wild-type Sod2(+/+) mice. In addition, the ratio of GSH/GSSG was decreased approximately 50% in Sod2(-/+) muscle, indicating that the decrease in MnSOD activity in the Sod2(-/+) mice results in some degree of oxidative stress in this tissue. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst,Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Van Remmen, H (reprint author), Audie Murphy VA Hosp, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM vanremmen@uthscsa.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [P03 AG13319, AG08938, AG15908] NR 26 TC 116 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-9861 J9 ARCH BIOCHEM BIOPHYS JI Arch. Biochem. Biophys. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 363 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1006/abbi.1998.1060 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 174EG UT WOS:000079020700011 PM 10049502 ER PT J AU Oswell, GM Doolittle, MH Reue, K AF Oswell, GM Doolittle, MH Reue, K TI Preparation of YAC end fragments from the Whitehead/MIT mouse YAC library pRML vectors SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFICATION; GENOME C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Reue, K (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 113,Room 312, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481, HL58627] NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EATON PUBLISHING CO PI NATICK PA 154 E. CENTRAL ST, NATICK, MA 01760 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD MAR PY 1999 VL 26 IS 3 BP 396 EP + PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 173MH UT WOS:000078984000006 PM 10090972 ER PT J AU Feliers, D Woodruff, K Abboud, S AF Feliers, D Woodruff, K Abboud, S TI Potential role of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 in the uncoupling of bone turnover in multiple myeloma SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE insulin-like growth factor binding proteins; insulin-like growth factor; myeloma; interferon-gamma; bone turnover ID OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; MARROW STROMAL CELLS; SMOOTH-MUSCLE CELLS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; FACTOR-I; T-CELLS; PARATHYROID-HORMONE; OSTEOSARCOMA CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAT AB Decreased bone formation plays an important role in the development of IJ tic lesions during the late stage of multiple myeloma (MM). Release of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP4) by tumour cells adjacent to bone may inhibit IGF-I-stimulated osteoblast growth and contribute to decreased bone formation. The present study demonstrates that the human MM cell line, ARH-77, ex-presses IGFBP4 and, to a lesser extent, IGFBP6 mRNA and protein. IGFBP4 expression in myeloma cells may be modulated by cytokines released by stromal cells and T cells in the microenvironment. We tested the effect of recombinant interferon-gamma (INF) an IGFBP4 expression in ARH-77. INF increased IGFBP4 mRNA and protein levels at 12 h, with a decline to baseline by 24 h. In contrast, IGFBP4 was not regulated in response to IL-6, TNF-alpha, PDGF BE, bFGF TGF-beta or the cAMP agonist, forskolin. In other systems, IGFBP4 map also be regulated post-transcriptionally by a protease that is activated by IGF-I or -II. Conditioned medium from ARH-77 cultures incubated with IGF-I or -II for up to 24 h failed to demonstrate proteolytic activity Proteolysis was also not observed when conditioned medium containing exogenous rhIGFBP4 was incubated with IGF-I or -II under cell-free conditions. To determine if human myeloma tumours also express IGFBP4, total RNA was isolated from four tumour biopsies. All samples expressed detectable levels of IGFBP4 mRNA. These findings indicate that interferon-gamma may indirectly modulate bone Formation via the the release of tumour-derived IGFBP4, suggesting that the immune system map influence bone turnover in MM, Failure of myeloma cells to release protease activity may promote IGFBP4 accumulation in the microenvironment during tumour growth. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Abboud, S (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42306] NR 56 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA P O BOX 88, OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0NE, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 104 IS 4 BP 715 EP 722 DI 10.1046/j.1365-2141.1999.01243.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 180VH UT WOS:000079405500010 PM 10192430 ER PT J AU Kalyanasundaram, S Feinstein, S Nicholson, JP Leong, KW Garver, RI AF Kalyanasundaram, S Feinstein, S Nicholson, JP Leong, KW Garver, RI TI Coacervate microspheres as carriers of recombinant adenoviruses SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE gene therapy; adenoviridae; microspheres ID PRODUCER CELLS AB The therapeutic utility of recombinant adenoviruses (rAds) is limited in part by difficulties in directing the Viruses to specific sites and by the requirement for bolus administration, both of which limit the efficiency of target tissue infection. As a first step toward overcoming these limitations, rAds were encapsulated in coacervate microspheres comprised of gelatin and alginate followed by stabilization with calcium ions. Ultrastructural evaluation showed that the microspheres formed in this manner were 0.8-10 mu M in diameter, with viruses evenly distributed. The microspheres achieved a sustained release of adenovirus with a nominal loss of bioactivity. The pattern of release and the total amount of virus released was modified by changes in microsphere formulation. Administration of the adenovirus-containing microspheres to human tumor nodules engrafted in mice showed that the viral transgene was transferred to the tumor cells. It is concluded that coacervate microspheres can be used to encapsulate bioactive rAd and release it in a time-dependent manner. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Alabama, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Birmingham Vet Affiars Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Garver, RI (reprint author), 701 S 19th St,LHRB 339, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RI Leong, Kam/A-7270-2009 OI Leong, Kam/0000-0002-8133-4955 NR 8 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 107 EP 112 DI 10.1038/sj.cgt.7700025 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 197XA UT WOS:000080390600002 PM 10195878 ER PT J AU Reedy, JS Kuhlman, JE Voytovich, M AF Reedy, JS Kuhlman, JE Voytovich, M TI Microvascular pulmonary emboli secondary to precipitated crystals in a patient receiving total parenteral nutrition - A case report and description of the high-resolution CT findings SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE calcium-phosphate crystals; calcium-phosphate product; high-resolution CT; microvascular pulmonary embolism; reticulonodular interstitial infiltrates; total parenteral nutrition ID RENAL-FAILURE; COMPATIBILITY; CALCIUM; PHOSPHATE; HYPERALIMENTATION; COMPLICATION AB A patient with a history of a small-bowel transplant that was subsequently resected required total parenteral nutrition for nutritional supplementation. While receiving therapy he developed chest tightness, shortness of breath, and fever. The chest radiograph showed bilateral reticulonodular opacities, and the high-resolution CT scan demonstrated diffuse, poorly marginated micronodular opacities in a miliary pattern. Pathology specimens obtained by transbronchial biopsy revealed amorphous material obstructing the pulmonary microvasculature. Microvascular emboli secondary to precipitated crystals is a potential complication of total parenteral nutrition. An awareness of the factors that influence crystal solubility may prevent adverse interactions in patients who require parenteral nutrition. C1 Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Dept Surg Pathol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Reedy, JS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Dept Pulm Med, 600 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53792 USA. EM JS.Reedy@hosp.wisc.edu NR 15 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 1999 VL 115 IS 3 BP 892 EP 895 DI 10.1378/chest.115.3.892 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 175TD UT WOS:000079110400054 PM 10084512 ER PT J AU Berti, JJ Sharata, HH AF Berti, JJ Sharata, HH TI Metastatic basal cell carcinoma to the lung SO CUTIS LA English DT Article AB Basal cell carcinoma is a relatively common tumor with an increasing incidence. Despite this, metastatic disease is an extremely rare event. A review of metastatic basal cell carcinoma is presented. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Hosp & Clin Fdn, Dermatol Clin, Univ Stn Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Serv Dermatol, Madison, WI USA. RP Sharata, HH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Hosp & Clin Fdn, Dermatol Clin, Univ Stn Clin, 2880 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD MAR PY 1999 VL 63 IS 3 BP 165 EP 166 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 179AJ UT WOS:000079301100012 PM 10190068 ER PT J AU Ramsey, SD Sandhu, N Newton, K Reiber, GE Blough, D Wagner, EH McCullough, DK AF Ramsey, SD Sandhu, N Newton, K Reiber, GE Blough, D Wagner, EH McCullough, DK TI Incidence, outcomes, and cost of foot ulcers in patients with diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATIONS; RISK-FACTORS; LEG ISCHEMIA; CARE; MELLITUS; PREVENTION; POPULATION; DISEASE; QUALITY AB OBJECTIVE - To determine the incidence of foot ulcers in a large cohort of patients with diabetes, the risk of developing serious complications after diagnosis, and the attributable cost of care compared with that in patients without foot ulcers. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Retrospective cohort study of patients with diabetes in a large staff-model health maintenance organization from 1993 to 1995. Patients with diabetes were identified by algorithm using administrative, laboratory and pharmacy records. The data were used to calculate incidence of foot ulcers, risk of osteomyelitis, amputation, and death after diagnosis of foot ulcer, and attributable costs in foot ulcer patients compared with patients without foot ulcers. RESULTS - Among 8,905 patients identified with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, 514 developed a foot ulcer over 3 years of observation (cumulative incidence 5.8%). On or after the time of diagnosis, 77 (15%) patients developed osteomyelitis and 80 (15.6%) required amputation. Survival at 3 years was 72% for the foot ulcer patients venus 87% for a group of age- and sex-matched diabetic patients without foot ulcers (P < 0.001). The attributable cost for a 40- to 65-year-old male with a new foot ulcer was $27,987 for the 2 years after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS - The incidence of foot ulcers in this cohort of patients with diabetes was nearly 2.0% per year. For those who developed ulcers, morbidity, mortality, and excess care costs were substantial compared with those for patients without foot ulcers. The results appear to support the value of foot-ulcer prevention programs for patients with diabetes. C1 Univ Washington, Clin Econ Cost & Outcomes Res Ctr, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Ramsey, SD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Clin Econ Cost & Outcomes Res Ctr, Dept Med, Box 358853, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 33 TC 496 Z9 513 U1 3 U2 45 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 1999 VL 22 IS 3 BP 382 EP 387 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.3.382 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 170LD UT WOS:000078806400002 PM 10097914 ER PT J AU Horner, MD AF Horner, MD TI Attentional functioning in abstinent cocaine abusers SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE cocaine; neuropsychology; attention; cognition ID NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEFICITS; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; BRAIN PERFUSION; REACTION-TIME; ALCOHOL; IMPAIRMENT; SPECT AB The effect of chronic cocaine use on attention is directly relevant to the treatment of cocaine dependence, since attention underlies most other cognitive processes, and thus the ability to profit from cognitively-based interventions. This paper reviews 17 studies examining attention in patients with cocaine abuse or dependence. Findings have been inconsistent, largely due to various methodological difficulties. There has been some suggestion of reduced cognitive speed, while focused and sustained attention have generally been unimpaired. Divided attention has been largely unexplored. Thus, there is insufficient evidence either to accept or reject the hypothesis of attentional dysfunction associated with chronic cocaine use. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Mental Hlth Serv, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Horner, MD (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM hornermd@musc.edu NR 75 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 54 IS 1 BP 19 EP 33 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(98)00141-0 PG 15 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 169DE UT WOS:000078731600003 PM 10101614 ER PT J AU Ko, CW Lee, SP AF Ko, CW Lee, SP TI Gallstone formation - Local factors SO GASTROENTEROLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID CHOLESTEROL CRYSTAL NUCLEATION; GUINEA-PIG GALLBLADDER; BILIARY ALPHA(1)-ACID GLYCOPROTEIN; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; APOLIPOPROTEIN-E POLYMORPHISM; LONG-TERM TREATMENT; MODEL BILE; PRAIRIE DOG; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CALCIUM-BINDING AB Supersaturation of bile is a necessary prerequisite to gallstone formation. However, patients who have undergone a cholecystectomy do not form gallstones. This indicates a role of local factors in gallstone formation. Gallbladder stasis, mucin secretion, the presence of pronucleating and antinucleating biliary proteins, and some medications have been shown to alter gallstone formation. New data has also caused the role of bacterial infection in gallstone pathogenesis to be re-examined. in addition, genetic factors have recently been identified which may predispose to gallstone formation by altering the secretion of hepatic bile. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med 111 GI A, Div Gastroenterol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lee, SP (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med 111 GI A, Div Gastroenterol, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41678, DK 46890] NR 130 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8553 J9 GASTROENTEROL CLIN N JI Gastroenterol. Clin. North Am. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 28 IS 1 BP 99 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70045-5 PG 19 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 184XU UT WOS:000079639700006 PM 10198780 ER PT J AU Jensen, DM AF Jensen, DM TI Career development in endoscopic research: current status and recommendations SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT NIH Workshop on Endoscopic Research Priorities CY DEC 12-13, 1998 CL BETHESDA, MARYLAND SP NIH C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Jensen, DM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,Rm 318,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 49 IS 3 BP S100 EP S104 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70538-9 PN 2 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 174YQ UT WOS:000079064500025 PM 10049461 ER PT J AU Rosman, AS Lieber, CS AF Rosman, AS Lieber, CS TI Improving the response to hepatitis B vaccine SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE immunization; hepatitis B virus (HBV); vaccines; renal failure; liver disease ID FRENCH HEMODIALYSIS UNITS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; SURFACE-ANTIGEN VACCINE; 2-YEAR FOLLOW-UP; DIALYSIS PATIENTS; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PREDIALYSIS PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; VIRUS-VACCINE; MEDICAL STAFF AB Although vaccines against hepatitis B virus have been a major advance in eradicating liver disease caused by hepatitis B infection, certain populations fail to mount an adequate protective immune response after vaccination. These include patients with chronic renal failure and alcoholism. Nonresponsiveness in healthy patients has been associated with smoking, increased age, excessive body mass, and certain HLA types or haplotypes. Some ways to improve vaccine responsiveness include increasing the dose and frequency of hepatitis B vaccine, giving booster doses, administering the vaccine as an intradermal injection, and using immunostimulants concomitantly. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. RP Rosman, AS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 3 BP 205 EP 210 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 178GT UT WOS:000079258400012 ER PT J AU Finegold, SM AF Finegold, SM TI Recollections of an early anaerobist SO INFECTIOUS DISEASES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article ID GEN-NOV; FLORA RP Finegold, SM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect 111F, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1056-9103 J9 INFECT DIS CLIN PRAC JI Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 8 IS 3 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1097/00019048-199903000-00011 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 169KH UT WOS:000078746600011 ER PT J AU Sutton, DA Timm, WD Morgan-Jones, G Rinaldi, MG AF Sutton, DA Timm, WD Morgan-Jones, G Rinaldi, MG TI Human phaeohyphomycotic osteomyelitis caused by the coelomycete Phomopsis saccardo 1905: Criteria for identification, case history, and therapy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLEUROPHOMOPSIS-LIGNICOLA; PHOMA AB The Sphaeropsidales, coelomycetous fungi producing asexual conidia within enclosed conidiomata (pycnidia), are saprobic on numerous vascular plants. Despite their ubiquitous nature, only a limited number of genera have been documented as causing human disease. We report what we believe to be the first human case of osteomyelitis due to a Phomopsis species in a chronically immunosuppressed female. The patient developed a subcutaneous abscess on the distal phalanx of the right fourth finger complicated by osteomyelitis. Operative specimens revealed fungal hyphae and a pure culture of mould. The patient was treated with a 6-month course of itraconazole. At 16 months of follow-up, she remained free of recurrence. Phomopsis species differ from the similar, more frequently reported Phoma species by having immersed, thick walled, multiloculate conidiomata and by the production of alpha (short, ellipsoidal) and beta (long, filamentous) conidia. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Infect Dis Specialists SE Wisconsin SC, Milwaukee, WI 53210 USA. Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Sutton, DA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 3 BP 807 EP 811 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 166MC UT WOS:000078579500063 PM 9986861 ER PT J AU Roll, CN Toro, PA Ortola, GL AF Roll, CN Toro, PA Ortola, GL TI Characteristics and experiences of homeless adults: A comparison of single men, single women, and women with children SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISORDERS; PEOPLE; STRESS; HEALTH; CITY AB Based on a broad sample of 228 homeless adults from throughout Buffalo, New York, single homeless women (n = 56) homeless women with children (n = 41), and single homeless men (n = 131) were compared on a wine range of measures with established reliability and validity Based on total lifetime income from all sources, the poorest of the three groups was the women with children. The two groups of women reported greater psychological distress than the men, had more contact with family members, were more likely to have been recently assaulted, and were less likely to have a history of substance abuse or criminal behavior Although the single men and women reported more stressful life events commonly associated with homelessness than the women with children, the measure used contained few items pertaining to child-rearing. The findings suggest that the three groups examined have different needs and require different interventions. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons. Inc. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Toro, PA (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Psychol, 71 W Warren Ave, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. NR 34 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0090-4392 J9 J COMMUNITY PSYCHOL JI J. Community Psychol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 27 IS 2 BP 189 EP 198 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6629(199903)27:2<189::AID-JCOP6>3.0.CO;2-M PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology, Multidisciplinary; Social Work SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychology; Social Work GA 167UZ UT WOS:000078653100006 ER PT J AU Moonka, R Zhou, WG Bell, RH AF Moonka, R Zhou, WG Bell, RH TI Cholecystokinin-A receptor messenger RNA expression in human pancreatic cancer SO JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL SURGERY LA English DT Article DE pancreatic neoplasms; in situ hybridization; cholecystokinin ID NUDE-MICE; STIMULATES GROWTH; ANTAGONIST; ADENOCARCINOMA; RAT; LOCALIZATION; INHIBITION; GASTRIN AB Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a gut peptide hormone known to stimulate postprandial gallbladder contraction and pancreatic enzyme secretion. It has also been shown to induce the growth of normal pancreas and of malignant and premalignant lesions in rodents. Although CCK has been shown to promote the growth of human adenocarcinoma cell lines, its rule in the growth of human pancreatic adenocarcinomas in vivo is less clear. Localization of CCK receptors to neoplastic cells within resected human tissue specimens would be suggestive of its potential action as an in vivo promoter of human pancreatic cancer. Resected tissue specimens of pancreatic adenocarcinomas were therefore studied by both reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ hybridization for the presence of CCK-A receptors. Ninety percent of studied tumors demonstrated CCK-A expression by RT-PCR, and this expression was localized to neoplastic cells by in situ hybridization. An increase in the expression of CCK receptors is a mechanism by which pancreatic malignancies may gain a significant growth stimulus. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Surg, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bell, RH (reprint author), MS 112,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 33 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUALITY MEDICAL PUBLISHING INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11970 BORMAN DR, STE 222, ST LOUIS, MO 63146 USA SN 1091-255X J9 J GASTROINTEST SURG JI J. Gastrointest. Surg. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 3 IS 2 BP 134 EP 140 DI 10.1016/S1091-255X(99)80022-5 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Surgery GA 247LU UT WOS:000083222900007 PM 10457335 ER PT J AU Fihn, SD AF Fihn, SD TI Specialization by practice location SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Fihn, SD (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 14 IS 3 BP 205 EP 206 DI 10.1046/j.1525-1497.1999.00316.x PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 179PQ UT WOS:000079338100013 PM 10203631 ER PT J AU Baskin, DG Schwartz, MW Seeley, RJ Woods, SC Porte, D Breininger, JF Jonak, Z Schaefer, J Krouse, M Burghardt, C Campfield, LA Burn, P Kochan, JP AF Baskin, DG Schwartz, MW Seeley, RJ Woods, SC Porte, D Breininger, JF Jonak, Z Schaefer, J Krouse, M Burghardt, C Campfield, LA Burn, P Kochan, JP TI Leptin receptor long-form splice-variant protein expression in neuron cell bodies of the brain and co-localization with neuropeptide Y mRNA in the arcuate nucleus SO JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY & CYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE obesity; food intake; body weight; neuropeptide Y; arcuate nucleus; hypothalamus ID PROOPIOMELANOCORTIN MESSENGER-RNA; OBESE GENE-PRODUCT; BODY-WEIGHT; OB PROTEIN; OB/OB MICE; RAT-BRAIN; MOUSE HYPOTHALAMUS; SUBSTRATE-1 IRS-1; INSULIN; ADIPOSITY AB Reduced leptin (Ob protein) signaling is proposed to be a stimulus for the activation of neuropeptide Y (NPY) gene activity and increased expression of mRNA for the long form of the leptin receptor (Ob-Rb) in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. To determine if Ob-Rb protein is expressed in arcuate nucleus NPY neurons, we developed an affinity-purified polyclonal antibody against amino acids 956-1102 of human Ob-Rb. This antibody specifically recognizes the cytoplasmic tail of Ob-Rb and does not react with shorter leptin-receptor variants. Western immunoblots of Ob-Rb-transfected COS cells showed a single 150-kD band, and immunofluorescence revealed intense perinuclear staining in the cytoplasm. A 150-kD band;was also present in Western immunoblots of hypothalamus. Immunocytochemical staining of brain slices revealed immunoreactive Ob-Rb protein concentrated in many neuronal cell bodies in the same regions of the forebrain that also express Ob-Rb mRNA. in the hypothalamus, Ob-Rb-positive cell bodies were abundant in the arcuate nucleus and ventromedial nucleus, with lesser numbers in the dorsomedial nucleus and paraventricular nucleus. Immunostaining was also detected in cell bodies of pyramidal cell neurons of the pyriform cortex and cerebral cortex, in neurons of the thalamus, and on the surface of ependymal cells lining the third ventricle. The choroid plexus, which expresses the short Ob-Ra form, was negative. Combined immunocytochemistry for Ob-Rb protein and fluorescence in situ hybridization for NPY mRNA identified arcuate nucleus neurons containing both NPY mRNA and Ob-Rb protein. The present finding of Ob-Rb protein in neurons that express NPY mRNA supports the hypothesis that arcuate nucleus NPY neurons are direct targets of leptin and play an important role in regulation of food intake and body weight. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biol Struct, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychol, Seattle, WA USA. Hoffmann La Roche Inc, Dept Metab Dis, Nutley, NJ 07110 USA. RP Baskin, DG (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Mail Stop 151,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM baskindg@u.washington.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-12829, DK-17844, DK-17047] NR 52 TC 144 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 2 PU HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC PI SEATTLE PA UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOSTRUCTURE, BOX 357420, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA SN 0022-1554 J9 J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM JI J. Histochem. Cytochem. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 3 BP 353 EP 362 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 168PJ UT WOS:000078701200009 PM 10026237 ER PT J AU Farris, AD Brown, L Reynolds, P Harley, JB James, JA Scofield, RH McCluskey, J Gordon, TP AF Farris, AD Brown, L Reynolds, P Harley, JB James, JA Scofield, RH McCluskey, J Gordon, TP TI Induction of autoimmunity by multivalent immunodominant and subdominant T cell determinants of La (SS-B) SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; LYMPHOCYTES-B; COMPLEMENT RECEPTOR; DENDRITIC CELLS; GENETIC-CONTROL; SELF-TOLERANCE; MEMORY CELLS; ANTIGEN AB We investigated the consequences of altering the form and valence of defined autodeterminants on the initiation and spreading of experimentally induced La/Ro autoimmunity. Anti-La and Ro (SS-A) Ab responses were monitored following immunization of healthy mice with defined immunodominant and subdominant T cell determinants of the La (SS-B) autoantigen synthesized as either monomeric or multiple antigenic (MAP) peptides, Abs to mouse La (mLa) developed faster and were of higher titer in mice immunized with the subdominant mLa(25-44) MAP compared with mice immunized with the 25-44 monomer, Rapid intermolecular spreading of the autoimmune response to 60-kDa Ro was observed in AKR/J mice immunized with mLa(25-44) MAP, but not in mice immunized repeatedly with monomeric peptide. A/J mice immunized and boosted with the known tolerogenic mLa(287-301) determinant delivered as monomeric peptide failed to develop Abs to either intact mLa or mLa(287-301) peptide. However, immunization with the multivalent mLa(287-301) peptide led to the rapid production of high titer mLa autoantibodies associated with a proliferative T cell response to the mLa(287-301) peptide. The data suggested that the enhanced immunogenicity of MAPs was not due to augmented Ag presentation or T cell stimulation. However, MAP-, but not monomer peptide-, containing immune complexes were potent substrates for Ab-dependent fixation of complement. These results demonstrate that the form of Ag responsible for inducing autoimmunity can profoundly influence the nature and magnitude of the immune response. Thus, molecular mimicry of tolerogenic and nontolerogenic self determinants might trigger autoimmunity under conditions of altered valence. C1 Univ Melbourne, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. Flinders Med Ctr, Bedford Pk, SA, Australia. Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. RP Farris, AD (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic 3052, Australia. RI McCluskey, James/A-1291-2007 OI McCluskey, James/0000-0002-8597-815X; Brown, Lorena/0000-0001-9342-909X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI24717]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR3584, AR42474] NR 46 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 162 IS 5 BP 3079 EP 3087 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 168NK UT WOS:000078699000081 PM 10072561 ER PT J AU Clark, RA AF Clark, RA TI Activation of the neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Interplantary-Society Conference CY MAY 30-JUN 02, 1997 CL PORT LUDLOW, WASHINGTON SP Interplanetary Soc ID CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; CELL-FREE SYSTEM; ADENINE-DINUCLEOTIDE PHOSPHATE; PHAGOCYTE NADPH OXIDASE; CYTOCHROME-B; BINDING SITE; SUBCELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; MICROBICIDAL OXIDASE; CYTOSOLIC COMPONENTS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE AB The neutrophil respiratory burst oxidase is a multicomponent activatable enzyme comprising one of the major phagocyte antimicrobial systems. In the genetic disorder chronic granulomatous disease, absent oxidase function is associated with recurrent, severe, and often life-threatening infections. The components of the oxidase system include both membrane-bound and soluble cytosolic proteins. A primary feature of stimulus-dependent activation is the translocation of a complex of cytosolic factors to the membrane, where they associate with a flavocytochrome enzyme. Interactions among the various oxidase components occur through a number of specific regions, including SH3 domains and proline-rich motifs. The fully assembled complex functions as an electron transport system, moving electrons from cytosolic NADPH to molecular oxygen to form superoxide, which, along with subsequent reactive products, exerts microbicidal and cytotoxic activities. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Clark, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI020866, R01 AI020866, AI-20866] NR 37 TC 75 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 179 SU 2 BP S309 EP S317 DI 10.1086/513849 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 202DT UT WOS:000080637400007 PM 10081501 ER PT J AU D'Auria, J Porte, D AF D'Auria, J Porte, D TI The JIM interview: Daniel Porte, Jr, MD SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Washington, Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 3 BP 101 EP 105 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 181JG UT WOS:000079437800007 ER PT J AU Escary, JL Choy, HA Reue, K Wang, XP Castellani, LW Glass, CK Lusis, AJ Schotz, MC AF Escary, JL Choy, HA Reue, K Wang, XP Castellani, LW Glass, CK Lusis, AJ Schotz, MC TI Paradoxical effect on atherosclerosis of hormone-sensitive lipase overexpression in macrophages SO JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cholesteryl-ester hydrolysis; acyl-CoA : cholesterol acyltransferase; foam cells; aortic lesions; transgenic mice ID CYTOPLASMIC CHOLESTERYL ESTERS; HIGH-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN; ACYL-COENZYME-A; GENE-EXPRESSION; ACAT INHIBITOR; FOAM CELLS; ACYLTRANSFERASE; LESIONS; TISSUE; HYDROLYSIS AB Foam cells formed from receptor-mediated uptake of lipoprotein cholesterol by macrophages in the arterial intima are critical in the initiation, progression, and stability of atherosclerotic lesions. Macrophages accumulate cholesterol when conditions favor esterification by acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) over cholesterylester hydrolysis by a neutral cholesteryl-ester hydrolase, such as hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), and subsequent cholesterol efflux mediated by extracellular accepters, We recently made stable transfectants of a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, that overexpressed a rat HSL cDNA and had a 5-fold higher rate of cholesteryl-ester hydrolysis than control cells. The current study examined the effect of macrophage-specific HSL overexpression on susceptibility to diet-induced atherosclerosis in mice. A transgenic Line overexpressing the rat HSL cDNA regulated with a macrophage-specific scavenger receptor promoter-enhancer was established by breeding with C57BL/6J mite. Transgenic peritoneal macrophages exhibited macrophage-specific 7-fold overexpression of HSL cholesterol esterase activity, Total plasma cholesterol levels in transgenic mice fed a chow diet were modestly elevated 16% compared to control littermates, After 14 weeks on a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet, total cholesterol increased 3-fold, with no difference between transgenics and controls, However, HSL overexpression resulted in thicker aortic fatty lesions that were 2.5-times larger in transgenic mice. HSL expression in the aortic lesions was shown by immunocytochemistry, Atherosclerosis was more advanced in transgenic mice exhibiting raised lesions involving the aortic wall, along with lipid accumulation in coronary arteries occurring only in transgenics, Thus, increasing cholesteryl-ester hydrolysis, without concomitantly decreasing ACAT activity or increasing cholesterol efflux, is not sufficient to protect against atherocsclerosis.-Escary, J-L., H. A. Choy, K. Reue, X-P. Wang, L. W. Castellani, C, K. Glass, A.J. Lusis, and M. C. Schotz. Paradoxical effect on atherosclerosis of hormone-sensitive lipase overexpression in macrophages. J. Lipid Res. 1999. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Mol Biol, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Schotz, MC (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL14197, HL28481] NR 27 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPID RESEARCH INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0022-2275 J9 J LIPID RES JI J. Lipid Res. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 40 IS 3 BP 397 EP 404 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 173EG UT WOS:000078967800004 PM 10064727 ER PT J AU Kaysen, JH Campbell, WC Majewski, RR Goda, FO Navar, GL Lewis, FC Goodwin, TJ Hammond, TG AF Kaysen, JH Campbell, WC Majewski, RR Goda, FO Navar, GL Lewis, FC Goodwin, TJ Hammond, TG TI Select de novo gene and protein expression during renal epithelial cell culture in rotating wall vessels is shear stress dependent SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE flow cytometry; antisense oligos; microgravity; astrobiology; differential display ID SIMULATED MICROGRAVITY; TERATOGENIC ANTIBODIES; RECEPTOR; IDENTIFICATION; COCULTURE; COMPLEX; VILLIN; TARGET; FORM AB The rotating wall vessel has gained popularity as a clinical cell culture tool to produce hormonal implants. It is desirable to understand the mechanisms by which the rotating wall vessel induces genetic changes, if we are to prolong the useful life of implants. During rotating wall vessel culture gravity is balanced by equal and opposite hydrodynamic forces including shear stress. The current study provides the first evidence that shear stress response elements, which modulate gene expression in endothelial cells, are also active in epithelial cells. Rotating wall culture of renal cells changes expression of select gene products including the giant glycoprotein scavenger receptors cubulin and megalin, the structural microvillar protein villin, and classic shear stress response genes ICAM, VCAM and MnSOD. Using a putative endothelial cell shear stress response element binding site as a decoy, we demonstrate the role of this sequence in the regulation of selected genes in epithelial cells. However, many of the changes observed in the rotating wall vessel are independent of this response element. It remains to define other genetic response elements modulated during rotating wall vessel culture, including the role of hemodynamics characterized by 3-dimensionality, low shear and turbulence, and cospatial relation of dissimilar cell types. C1 Tulane Xavier Ctr Bioenvironm Res, Dept Med, Nephrol Sect, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Tulane Xavier Ctr Bioenvironm Res, Tulane Environm Astrobiol Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Tulane Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Vet Adm Med Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70146 USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp & Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Hammond, TG (reprint author), Tulane Xavier Ctr Bioenvironm Res, Dept Med, Nephrol Sect, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [R21 RR12645]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46117] NR 38 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0022-2631 J9 J MEMBRANE BIOL JI J. Membr. Biol. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 168 IS 1 BP 77 EP 89 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Physiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Physiology GA 173EV UT WOS:000078969000008 PM 10051691 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Nakawatase, TV Brown, CV AF Mendez, MF Nakawatase, TV Brown, CV TI Involuntary laughter and inappropriate hilarity SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Meeting of the American-Neuropsychiatric-Association CY FEB 01-03, 1998 CL HONOLULU, HAWAII SP Amer Neruopsychiat Assoc ID PATHOLOGICAL LAUGHTER; ANGELMAN SYNDROME; GELASTIC SEIZURES; HYPOTHALAMIC HAMARTOMAS; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; EEG; INFARCTION; EPILEPSY; SYMPTOM; DISEASE AB Laughter is It particularly human behavior. Neuropsychiatrists are faced with disorders of laughter, yet the nature of this behavior and its disturbances remains obscure. The authors report an unusual patient with involuntary and unremitting laughter for 20 years and review the literature. The nature of laughter suggests that it has a unique role in human communication, particularly in the social exploration of incongruous information. The disorders of laughter suggest 17 neuroanatomical circuitry that includes the anterior cingulate gyrus, caudal hypothalamus, temporal-amygdala structures, and 17 pontomedullary center. Treatment includes the use of antidepressant and antimanic agents for disorders of laughter. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Dept Nucl Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Dept Neurol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,691-116AF, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 47 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 11 IS 2 BP 253 EP 258 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 194QE UT WOS:000080204400009 PM 10333997 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF Younesi, FL Perryman, KM AF Mendez, MF Younesi, FL Perryman, KM TI Use of donepezil for vascular dementia: Preliminary clinical experience SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SYMPTOMS; CRITERIA; TACRINE C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,116AF, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 15 TC 41 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD SPR PY 1999 VL 11 IS 2 BP 268 EP 270 PG 3 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 194QE UT WOS:000080204400011 PM 10333999 ER PT J AU Boyan, BD Caplan, AI Heckman, JD Lennon, DP Ehler, W Schwartz, Z AF Boyan, BD Caplan, AI Heckman, JD Lennon, DP Ehler, W Schwartz, Z TI Osteochondral progenitor cells in acute and chronic canine nonunions SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN; IN-VITRO; ALKALINE-PHOSPHATASE; OSTEOGENIC CELLS; MARROW; DIFFERENTIATION; CHONDROCYTES; EXPRESSION AB This study examined the ability of cells isolated from early healing segmental defects and from tissue from chronic nonunions to support bone and cartilage formation In vivo and their response to transforming growth factor-betal in vitro. Ostectomies (3 mm) were created in the radial diaphysis of four dogs. The dogs were splinted 3-5 days postoperatively and then allowed to bear full weight. At 7 days, tissue in the defect was removed and any periosteum was discarded; cells in the defect tissue were released by enzymatic digestion. The dogs were splinted again and allowed to bear full weight for 12 weeks. Radiographs confirmed a persistent nonunion in each dog. Defect tissue was again removed, any periosteum was discarded, and cells were isolated. Cells were also obtained from the defect tissue by nonenzymatic means with use of explant cultures. One-half of the tissue and one-half of any preconfluent, first-passage cultures were shipped to Cleveland by overnight carrier. At second passage, cells were loaded into ceramic cubes and implanted into immunocompromised mice for 3 or 6 weeks. Harvested cubes were examined histologically for cartilage and bone with use of a semiquantitative scoring system. Confluent fourth-passage cultures of 7 and 84-day defect tissue cells were cultured with 0.03-0.88 ng/ml transforming growth factor-betal for 24 hours, and [H-3]thymi dine incorporation and alkaline phosphatase specific activity were determined. Donor-dependent differences were noted in the rate at which defect cells achieved confluence; in general, cells from 7-day tissue divided most rapidly. Seven-day defect cells formed less bone and at a slower rate than was seen in the ceramic cubes containing samples from day 84. Cells derived enzymatically behaved similarly to those from explant cultures. Ceramic cubes contained fibrous connective tissue, cartilage, bone, and fat, indicating that multipotent cells were present, Stimulation of [H-3]thymidine incorporation in response to transforming growth factor-betal was donor dependent and variable; only two of six separate isolates of cells exposed to it had measurable alkaline phosphatase activity (which was relatively low), and none of the cultures exhibited an increase in response to transforming growth factor-betal for 24 hours. This indicates that mesenchymal progenitor cells are present in the healing defect tissue at 7 and 84 days and that the relative proportion of osteochondroprogenitor cells is greater at the later time. The response to transforming growth factor-betal is typical of multipotent mesenchymal cells but not of committed chondrocytes or osteoblasts, indicating that these committed and differentiated cells are not present in early stages of healing and suggesting that their differentiation is inhibited in chronic nonunion. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Skeletal Res Inst, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Fac Dent Med, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Boyan, BD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-07220, DE-08603] NR 64 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0736-0266 J9 J ORTHOPAED RES JI J. Orthop. Res. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 17 IS 2 BP 246 EP 255 DI 10.1002/jor.1100170214 PG 10 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 188GM UT WOS:000079838500013 PM 10221842 ER PT J AU Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Puleo, DS Morgan, BJ AF Xie, AL Skatrud, JB Puleo, DS Morgan, BJ TI Arousal from sleep shortens sympathetic burst latency in humans SO JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON LA English DT Article ID HUMAN MUSCLE NERVES; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NEURONS; CAT; DISCHARGE; OUTFLOW; MEDULLA AB 1. Bursts of sympathetic activity in muscle nerves are phase-locked to the cardiac cycle by the sinoaortic baroreflexes. Acoustic arousal from non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep reduces the normally invariant interval between the R-wave of the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the peak of the corresponding sympathetic burst; however, the effects of other forms of sleep disruption (i.e. spontaneous arousals and apnoea-induced arousals) on this temporal relationship are unknown. 2. We simultaneously recorded muscle sympathetic nerve activity in the peroneal nerve (intraneural electrodes) and the ECG (surface electrodes) in seven healthy humans and three patients with sleep apnoea syndrome during NREM sleep. 3. In seven subjects, burst latencies were shortened subsequent to spontaneous K complexes (1.297 +/- 0.024 s, mean +/- S.E.M.) and spontaneous arousals (1.268 +/- 0.044 s) compared with latencies during periods of stable NREM sleep (1.369 +/- 0.023 s). In six subjects who demonstrated spontaneous apnoeas during sleep, apnoea per se did not alter burst latency relative to sleep with stable electroencephalogram (EEG) and breathing (1.313 +/- 0.038 vs. 1.342 +/- 0.026 s); however, following apnoea-induced EEG perturbations, burst latencies were reduced (1.214 +/- 0.034 s). 4. Arousal-induced reduction in sympathetic burst latency may reflect a temporary diminution of baroreflex buffering of sympathetic outflow. If so, the magnitude of arterial pressure perturbations during sleep (e.g. those caused by sleep disordered breathing and periodic leg movements) may be augmented by arousal. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pulm Physiol Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Surg, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Xie, AL (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pulm Physiol Lab, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM axie@facstaff.wisc.edu NR 31 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-3751 J9 J PHYSIOL-LONDON JI J. Physiol.-London PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 515 IS 2 BP 621 EP 628 DI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1999.621ac.x PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 182VQ UT WOS:000079519200028 PM 10050027 ER PT J AU Mulvaney, FD Alterman, AI Boardman, CR Kampman, K AF Mulvaney, FD Alterman, AI Boardman, CR Kampman, K TI Cocaine abstinence symptomatology and treatment attrition SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE cocaine; treatment attrition; CSSA; logistic regression ID ABUSE TREATMENT; PSYCHOTHERAPY; RETENTION; DEPENDENCE AB Premature termination from outpatient cocaine treatment predicts a number of poor outcomes, including higher rates of relapse and unemployment This study attempted to predict dropouts from outpatient cocaine treatment, as well as those unable to achieve initial abstinence from cocaine, using two baseline variables that had previously been shown to predict treatment dropout: a measure of the severity of cocaine abstinence symptomatology using the Cocaine Selective Severity Assessment (CSSA) and the initial urine toxicology. Results of logistic regression analyses indicated that those with more intense abstinence symptoms, as measured by the CSSA, were five times more likely to terminate treatment prematurely. when combined with the CSSA, the initial urine did not significantly predict dropouts. The CSSA and the baseline urine were equal in their ability to predict those who would fail in their initial attempts to achieve abstinence. Implications for treatment are discussed. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Subst Abuse Unit, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Mulvaney, FD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Subst Abuse Unit, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Bldg 7,Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA05186] NR 19 TC 57 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 2 BP 129 EP 135 DI 10.1016/S0740-5472(98)00017-8 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 162UH UT WOS:000078364800004 PM 10023610 ER PT J AU Oslin, DW Pettinati, HM Volpicelli, JR Wolf, AL Kampman, KM O'Brien, CP AF Oslin, DW Pettinati, HM Volpicelli, JR Wolf, AL Kampman, KM O'Brien, CP TI The effects of naltrexone on alcohol and cocaine use in dually addicted patients SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-of-Alcoholism CY JUL, 1997 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Res Soc Alcoholism DE alcoholism; cocaine dependence; naltrexone; treatment ID DEPENDENCE; ABUSE; DISORDERS AB Concurrent dependence on cocaine and alcohol is common among patients seeking addiction treatment. This study was undertaken to explore the effectiveness of naltrexone (150 mg) as a potential treatment for patients who are alcohol and cocaine dependent. Of 15 subjects enrolled in the 12-week, open medication trial, 7 subjects did riot complete the study. Relapse to clinically significant drinking occurred in 7 subjects (47%). There was a reduction in the average daily amount of alcohol consumed from pretreatment to treatment (p <.001) and the percentage of days engaged in drinking behavior (p <.001). Similarly: there was a reduction in the average weekly amount spent on cocaine from pretreatment to treatment (p =.001) mid the percentage of days using cocaine (p <.001). This preliminary study suggests that naltrexone (150 mg) may be tolerable in patients dependent upon alcohol and cocaine and may be effective in reducing both cocaine and alcohol use. The results of this study provide a rationale for a double-blind placebo-controlled study of the efficacy of naltrexone in this difficult to treat but prevalent population. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Ctr Study Addict, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Oslin, DW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Addict Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM oslin@mail.med.upenn.edu FU PHS HHS [P60] NR 18 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 2 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 16 IS 2 BP 163 EP 167 DI 10.1016/S0740-5472(98)00039-7 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 162UH UT WOS:000078364800009 PM 10023615 ER PT J AU Lehmann, KG Platt, MS AF Lehmann, KG Platt, MS TI Improved accuracy and precision of thermodilution cardiac output measurement using a dual thermistor catheter system SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 70th Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association Meeting CY NOV 09-13, 1997 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Heart Assoc ID THERMAL DILUTION; REPRODUCIBILITY; TEMPERATURE AB OBJECTIVES To assess whether thermodilution cardiac output determination based on measurement of injectate temperature in vivo leads to more accurate and precise estimates and to study the influence of chilled injectate on test performance. BACKGROUND Cardiac output measurement via right heart catheterization is used extensively for hemodynamic evaluation in a variety of diagnostic, perioperative and critical care settings. Maximizing accuracy is essential for optimal patient care. METHODS This prospective study of 960 thermodilution cardiac output measurements was conducted using conventional and dual thermistor techniques. Specialized dual thermistor right heart catheters were constructed using a second thermistor positioned to measure injectate temperature in vivo just prior to entry into the right atrium. To eliminate interinjection variability, a custom set-up was developed that permitted output measurement using both techniques simultaneously. Both ambient temperature injections and cooled injections were investigated. RESULTS The dual thermistor technique demonstrated significantly less measurement Variability than the conventional technique for both ambient temperature (precision = 0.41 vs. 0.55 L/min, p < 0.001) and cooled (precision = 0.35 vs. 0.43 L/min, p = 0.01) injections. Similarly, the average range of cardiac output values obtained during five sequential injections in each patient was less using the dual thermistor approach (1.05 vs. 1.55 L/min, p < 0.001). The use of cooled injectate reduced the mean error of the dual thermistor technique but actually increased the mean error of the conventional technique. Even with ambient temperature injections, injectate warming during; catheter transit varied considerably and unpredictably from injection to injection (2 SD range = -0.22 to 5.74 degrees C). Conventional ambient temperature and cooled measurements significantly overestimated Fick cardiac output measurements by 0.32 and 0.50 L/min, respectively (p < 0.001). In contrast, dual thermistor measurements were statistically similar (-0.08 and -0.08 L/min, p = 0.34) to Fick measurements. CONCLUSIONS This new dual thermistor approach results in a significant improvement in both precision and accuracy of thermodilution cardiac output measurement. (C) 1999 by the American College of Cardiology. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sect Cardiol 111C, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Cardiol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. RP Lehmann, KG (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Sect Cardiol 111C, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 33 IS 3 BP 883 EP 891 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00639-1 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 176YF UT WOS:000079179400039 PM 10080494 ER PT J AU Hansen, K Mahoney, J Palta, M AF Hansen, K Mahoney, J Palta, M TI Risk factors for lack of recovery of ADL independence after hospital discharge SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 50th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Gerontological-Society-of-America CY NOV 07-18, 1997 CL CINCINNATI, OHIO SP Gerontol Soc Amer DE recovery; ADLs; independence ID ACUTE MEDICAL ILLNESS; MINI-MENTAL-STATE; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; ELDERLY PERSONS; OLDER PATIENTS; NURSING-HOME; SELF-REPORT; PERFORMANCE; PEOPLE; DEPRESSION AB OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for lack of recovery of independent functioning after hospitalization fur acute medical illness. DESIGN: Secondary analysis of cohort study of patients receiving home nursing after discharge. SETTING: Evaluations performed in the home after discharge and 1 month later. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 73 adults aged 65 years and older who were independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) before hospitalization and dependent at discharge. MEASUREMENTS: Self-report and objective measures of function, mobility, and cognition. OUTCOME: Return to independence in ADLs 1 month after discharge. RESULTS: Fifty-nine percent of patients did nor; return to previous ADL independence by 1 month postdischarge. The likelihood for not recovering was 87% (95% CI, 70-100%) if a patient had a Mini-Mental State Examination score (MMSE) < 24 at discharge (P = .015), Among patients with good cognition, 85% (95% CI, 66-100%) of those who used an assistive device indoors before hospitalization did not recover (P = .007), Among patients with good cognition and no previous assistive device use, 73% (95% CI, 47-99%) of those with a Timed "Up and Go" of greater than or equal to 40 seconds did not recover (P = .012). The likelihood of recovery was high (76%, 95% CI 56-96%) if a patient had no assistive device prehospital, a good MMSE, and, a Timed "Up and Go" of < 20 seconds. CONCLUSION: We hypothesize that a classification strategy using cognition, prehospital mobility, and discharge physical performance will predict patients who are less likely to recover functional independence after hospitalization. If this is validated in future study, it may help clinicians identify patients who are more likely to benefit from additional intervention. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Mahoney, J (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC Serv, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [K08AG00623] NR 35 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 47 IS 3 BP 360 EP 365 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 173BR UT WOS:000078961500015 PM 10078901 ER PT J AU Anger, WK Storzbach, D Binder, LM Campbell, KA Rohlman, DS McCauley, L Kovera, CA Davis, KL AF Anger, WK Storzbach, D Binder, LM Campbell, KA Rohlman, DS McCauley, L Kovera, CA Davis, KL CA Portland Env Hazards Res Ctr TI Neurobehavioral deficits in Persian Gulf veterans: Evidence from a population-based study SO JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE neurobehavioral assessment; Persian Gulf War; PGW ID CHRONIC NEUROLOGICAL SEQUELAE; WAR VETERANS; HEALTH; QUESTIONNAIRES; INSTRUCTIONS; VALIDATION; SELECTION; SCALE AB Reports of low-concentration nerve gas exposures during the Persian Gulf War have spurred concern about possible health consequences and refocused interest on the symptoms reported by many returning military veterans. The Portland Environmental Hazards Research Center is studying veterans from the Northwest USA who report persistent, unexplained "Persian Gulf" symptoms (cases) or who do not report those symptoms (controls). Of the first 101 veterans studied, cases differed substantially from controls on a broad range of psychological tests indicative of increased distress. A subgroup of cases was identified with objective deficits on neurobehavioral tests of memory, attention, and response speed. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Anger, WK (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, CROET L606,3181 SW Sam Jackson Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM anger@ohsu.edu RI Rohlman, Diane/E-5556-2015 OI Rohlman, Diane/0000-0002-6697-1577 NR 53 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 6 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 1355-6177 J9 J INT NEUROPSYCH SOC JI J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 3 BP 203 EP 212 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 184BD UT WOS:000079588700003 PM 10217920 ER PT J AU Blacconiere, MJ Oleckno, WA AF Blacconiere, MJ Oleckno, WA TI Health-promoting behaviours in public health: testing the Health Promotion Model SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY FOR THE PROMOTION OF HEALTH LA English DT Article DE health promotion; health behaviour; lifestyle; public health; wellness ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DETERMINANTS; NURSES AB A health-promoting lifestyle encompasses far more than preventing disease and is characterised by behaviours that lead to optimal well-being, self-actualisation, and personal fulfillment. This study was undertaken to investigate the health-promoting lifestyles of employees working in local public health departments (n=602) and to test two research hypotheses suggested by the Health Promotion Model. The first hypothesis posited that public health professionals would report significantly more favourable health-promoting behaviours than support staff employed in the same departments. The second hypothesis postulated that occupational discipline in public health would be a significant predictor of health-promodng behaviours. Health-promoting behaviours were measured by the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), a psychometrically-validated measure of overall health-promoting lifestyle and six dimensions of health-promoting behaviours, which comprise the instrument's subscales. The findings of the study tended to support the research hypotheses. Overall, public health professionals tended to report more favourable health-promoting behaviours than departmental support staff, and occupational discipline was a significant predictor of a health-promoting lifestyle. In general, public health nursing personnel reported the highest mean levels of health-promoting behaviours compared to the other occupational disciplines examined. C1 No Illinois Univ, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Publ Hlth Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. No Illinois Univ, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Community Hlth Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Dominican Univ, River Forest, IL 60305 USA. RP Oleckno, WA (reprint author), No Illinois Univ, Sch Allied Hlth Profess, Publ Hlth Program, De Kalb, IL 60115 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC OF HEALTH PI LONDON PA 38A ST, GEORGES DR, LONDON SW1V 4BH, ENGLAND SN 1466-4240 J9 J R SOC PROMO HEALTH JI J. R. Soc. Promot. Health PD MAR PY 1999 VL 119 IS 1 BP 11 EP 16 DI 10.1177/146642409911900103 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 255XZ UT WOS:000083696600009 PM 10327809 ER PT J AU Potter, DA Luther, MF Eddy, CA Siler-Khodr, TM King, TS Schenken, RS AF Potter, DA Luther, MF Eddy, CA Siler-Khodr, TM King, TS Schenken, RS TI Low-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration disrupts menstrual and ovarian cyclicity in rhesus monkeys SO JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation CY MAR 19-23, 1996 CL PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA SP Soc Gynecol Invest, NIH DE cocaine; low dose; follicular phase; menstrual cyclicity ID PROGESTERONE; INDUCTION; ESTROGEN; CYCLES; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of daily low-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration on menstrual cyclicity, ovulation rates, corpus luteum function, and hormone levels in rhesus monkeys. METHODS: Normally cycling, drug-naive, adult rhesus monkeys were randomized to receive either 1 mg/kg of cocaine (n = 7), 2 mg/kg of cocaine (n = 7), or normal saline (n = 7) daily on cycle days 2 to 14. Daily blood samples were obtained through indwelling catheters for measurement of serum gonadotropins and ovarian steroids. Daily vaginal swabs were obtained to determine onset of menses. Laparoscopy was performed 2 days after the midcycle estrogen peak to document ovulation. Daily caloric intakes as well as pretreatment and posttreatment weights were recorded. RESULTS: Two of seven monkeys receiving 1 mg/kg per day and two of seven monkeys receiving 2 mg/kg per day of cocaine had timely ovulation and normal menstrual cycle lengths. One monkey receiving the 2-mg/kg dose ovulated on cycle day 24 and had a short luteal phase (7 days) with a mean progesterone level of 2.4 ng/mL. All seven saline-treated control monkeys ovulated normally; the mean cycle length was 29 days and all had adequate luteal phases. The difference in ovulation rates between cocaine-treated and control monkeys was statistically significant (P = .003). There were no differences in basal levels of LH or FSH between treatment groups. There were no significant differences in weight change or caloric intake among groups. One third of the subsequent menstrual cycles in cocaine-treated monkeys were of abnormal duration. CONCLUSION: Daily lo-dose follicular-phase cocaine administration disrupts menstrual cyclicity and folliculogenesis. This effect is independent of weight loss, caloric intake, and basal gonadotropin levels. Cocaine exposure may have a persistent effect on menstrual and ovarian cyclicity in some monkeys. Copyright (C) 1999 by the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Res & Dev, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Schenken, RS (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM schenken@uthscsa.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA08295] NR 24 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 1071-5576 J9 J SOC GYNECOL INVEST JI J. Soc. Gynecol. Invest. PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 6 IS 2 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1016/S1071-5576(98)00054-9 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 183FQ UT WOS:000079543900007 PM 10205779 ER PT J AU Schoenike, B Franta, AK Fleming, JO AF Schoenike, B Franta, AK Fleming, JO TI Quantitative sense-specific determination of murine coronavirus RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE PCR; sense-specific RNA determination; mouse hepatitis virus; coronaviruses ID C VIRUS-RNA; MESSENGER-RNA; RT-PCR; OVERLAP EXTENSION; HEPATITIS; STORAGE; INFECTION; VARIANTS; IMPACT; GENE AB In many applications, it is useful to know the sense and amount of viral RNAs present in a sample. In theory, sense-specific measurement of viral RNAs may be achieved by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays which utilize primers of defined polarity during the RT step. However, in practice, it has been shown that such assays are prone to artifacts, such as non-specific priming, which drastically diminish their reliability Using murine coronavirus MHV-4 as a model, we describe and validate several modifications of the RT-PCR procedure which eliminate these artifacts. Key RT-PCR parameters which were optimized include the design of tagged primers, DNase treatment of in vitro transcribed RNA standards, specification of temperature differences between RT and PCR annealing steps, and use of competitive RNA templates for quantitative assays. The assays described may be used to determine the sense and abundance of any viral or host RNA of interest in complex biological specimens. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53906 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Fleming, JO (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, 1300 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53906 USA. NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD MAR PY 1999 VL 78 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 49 DI 10.1016/S0166-0934(98)00167-0 PG 15 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 179HA UT WOS:000079319400004 PM 10204695 ER PT J AU Prinz, PN Scanlan, JM Vitaliano, PP Moe, KE Borson, S Toivola, B Merriam, GR Larsen, LH Reed, HL AF Prinz, PN Scanlan, JM Vitaliano, PP Moe, KE Borson, S Toivola, B Merriam, GR Larsen, LH Reed, HL TI Thyroid hormones: Positive relationships with cognition in healthy, euthyroid older men SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID SUBCLINICAL HYPOTHYROIDISM; THYROTROPIN; RESPONSES; INDEXES; SCALE AB Background. Although the association of clinical hypothyroidism with cognitive deficits is well known, the cognitive effects of thyroid hormones in euthyroid subjects are less studied and understood. The purpose of this study was to examine thyroid-cognition relationships in healthy, euthyroid older men. Methods. We examined healthy men (N = 44, mean age = 72), excluding clinically hypothyroid/hyperthyroid or diabetic/hyperglycemic subjects and those with dementia, depression, CNS medications, or recent illness. Plasma samples obtained across a 24-hour period were pooled, then assayed for total thyroxine (TT4), total triiodothyronine (TT3), and T3 resin uptake. Free thyroxine index (FT4I) was calculated. A broad cognitive battery (including the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised [WAIS-R], the Dementia Rating Scale [DRS], and the Rivermead Behavioral Profile [PROFILE]) was administered to all subjects. Results. Regression analyses controlling age and education showed TT4 and FT4I to have significant positive relationships with measures of overall cognition; TT4 accounted for 8% to 12% of the variance in omnibus cognitive measures such as WAIS Performance, WAIS Verbal score, and GLOBAL cognitive scores. Conclusions. Our findings suggest that within "normal" range of variation in plasma thyroid hormones, TT4 but not T3 positively associates with general cognition in healthy elderly men. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Biobehav Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Med Res Serv, Tacoma, WA USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Prinz, PN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Biobehav Nursing & Hlth Syst, Box 357266, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR37]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH33688, MH52126] NR 38 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 54 IS 3 BP M111 EP M116 DI 10.1093/gerona/54.3.M111 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 179FM UT WOS:000079315200011 PM 10191837 ER PT J AU Castle, SC Uyemura, K Crawford, W Wong, W Makinodan, T AF Castle, SC Uyemura, K Crawford, W Wong, W Makinodan, T TI Antigen presenting cell function is enhanced in healthy elderly SO MECHANISMS OF AGEING AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID AGE-RELATED-CHANGES; CD4+ T-CELLS; LYMPHOKINE PRODUCTION; IMMUNE-SYSTEM; MICE; ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; MACROPHAGES; LYMPHOCYTES; RESPONSES AB Aging is associated with a progressive decline in T cell-mediated immune responses. Little is known about the effect of aging on antigen presenting cells (APC). We have recently reported an age-related decline in proliferative response of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from elderly volunteers to Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB). Since SEE-induced stimulation of T cells is not restricted by major histocompatibility complex, experiments were conducted in which T cells and APC from young and healthy elderly subjects were combined. We initially demonstrated the decreased SEE-induced proliferative capacity of elderly T cell-elderly APC co-cultures when compared with young T cell-young APC co-cultures. Combination of purified T cells from elderly donors with APC from young donors maintained a reduced T cell proliferative response. Age-related decline in T cell function was also established by the reduced proliferative capacity of elderly T cells co-cultured with a reference monocyte cell line. Surprisingly, co-culture of APC from healthy elderly donors with purified T cells from young donors enhanced T cell proliferation. APC from elderly donors also marginally enhanced the proliferative response of an SEE-specific T cell line. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Multicampus Div Geriatr & Gerontol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Castle, SC (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Multicampus Div Geriatr & Gerontol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 220,Room 314, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 28 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0047-6374 J9 MECH AGEING DEV JI Mech. Ageing. Dev. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 107 IS 2 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00141-9 PG 9 WC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Cell Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 177NF UT WOS:000079215600002 PM 10220042 ER PT J AU Cherrier, MM Mendez, M AF Cherrier, MM Mendez, M TI Pick's disease: An introduction and review of the literature SO NEUROLOGIST LA English DT Review DE Pick's disease; Pick complex; frontotemporal dementia (FTD); dementia; tauopathy ID FRONTAL-LOBE DEGENERATION; MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; NON-ALZHEIMER TYPE; PRIMARY PROGRESSIVE APHASIA; FRONTOTEMPORAL DEMENTIA; CORTICOBASAL DEGENERATION; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CHROMOSOME-17 AB BACKGROUND- New findings with regard to the genetics and pathology of Pick's disease have recently been reported. These new findings are reviewed in relation to previous studies, as well as to clinical, nosological, and treatment information on Pick's disease. REVIEW SUMMARY- Pick's disease is a progressive dementia characterized by prominent personality change, cognitive deficits, elements of the Kluver-Bucy syndrome, and frontotemporal atrophy on neuroimaging. Pick's disease is suspected in the presence of a frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and frontotemporal atrophy on neuroimaging, but it cannot be diagnosed definitively without neuropathologic examination to confirm the presence of Pick bodies. Pick's disease comprises 2 to 3% of all dementias and 20 to 25% of FTDs. Age of onset averages 57 years, with a wide range (37 to 73 years), with men and women equally affected. Although commonly mistaken for Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease can be differentiated from AD by an earlier mean age of onset and prominent personality changes with relatively preserved memory and visuospatial abilities in the early stages. Clinical variants of Pick's disease include progressive aphasia, corticobasal-ganglionic degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and obsessive-compulsive disorder-like presentations. Symptomatic therapies, such as carbamazepine for Kluver-Bucy symptoms and clomipramine and the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for compulsions, can be useful. Approximately 40% of patients have a first-degree relative with a FTD and a recent linkage to chromosome 17q21-22, and tau mutations have been reported. CONCLUSIONS- Recent genetic findings may provide a much better understanding of the mechanism of atrophy in Pick's disease and elucidate its relationship to Pick complex and other FTDs. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurobehav Unit, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1074-7931 J9 NEUROLOGIST JI Neurologist PD MAR PY 1999 VL 5 IS 2 BP 55 EP 62 DI 10.1097/00127893-199903000-00001 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 177DK UT WOS:000079192000001 ER PT J AU Fang, Q Sun, YY El-Gabalawy, H Cai, W Ko, L Chin, H Arayssi, T Schumacher, HR Williams, WV AF Fang, Q Sun, YY El-Gabalawy, H Cai, W Ko, L Chin, H Arayssi, T Schumacher, HR Williams, WV TI Synovial T cell receptor heterogeneity in early arthritis SO PATHOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rheumatoid arthritis; reactive arthritis; undifferentiated arthritis; synovial tissue; T cell receptors; single-stranded conformational polymorphism ID COLLAGEN-INDUCED ARTHRITIS; HEAT-SHOCK-PROTEIN; EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; MYELIN BASIC-PROTEIN; V-ALPHA DOMAIN; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; BETA-CHAIN; ANTIGEN RECEPTOR; RESTRICTED HETEROGENEITY AB Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has been postulated to result from a synovial immune response to an unidentified antigen(s), which should be mirrored by the T cell response. Here we investigate the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the synovial tissue of patients with arthritis of early to moderate duration. We developed a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique to examine the TCR repertoire of small biopsy specimens, and show that the method is highly sensitive. We apply this technique to synovial biopsies obtained from the knee joints of patients with early to moderate duration arthritis (average duration of arthritis 1 year, range 0.02-2.75 years). We examined biopsies from 5 normal individuals, 32 RA patients, 7 patients with seronegative spondyloarthropathy (Sp), and 12 patients with undifferentiated arthritis (UA). TCR message was detectable in 4/5 normals, 15/32 RA, 5/7 Sp, and 8/11 UA biopsies, with sampling error likely accounting for most negative biopsies. The average numbers of TCR V beta s detected per TCR-positive biopsy were 5.0 +/- 3.7 for normals, 12.7 +/- 8.4 for RA, 18.0 +/- 7.4 for Sp patients, and 14.4 +/- 10.2 for UA. Examination of TCR messages by single-stranded conformational polymorphism analysis showed similar proportions of dominant clones in the normals compared with the patients with inflammatory arthritis. Sequence analysis was performed on 33 dominant clones from 16 patients. Sequence alignment of the third hypervariable regions showed some evidence of disease-specific sequence clustering for Sp, while some RA sequences showed similarity to previously described motifs. These data indicate greater TCR heterogeneity in early Sp and UA compared with normal synovium. Disease-specific TCR sequences may occur in early RA and Sp. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceut, Dept Clin Pharmacol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. NIAMSD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Williams, WV (reprint author), SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceut, Dept Clin Pharmacol, 51 N 39th St,Andrew Mutch Bldg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM William_V_Williams@sbphrd.com OI Arayssi, Thurayya/0000-0003-2469-0272 NR 67 TC 1 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1015-2008 J9 PATHOBIOLOGY JI Pathobiology PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 2 BP 59 EP 74 DI 10.1159/000028053 PG 16 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA 172TM UT WOS:000078940800001 PM 10023134 ER PT J AU Hansen, K Abrass, CK AF Hansen, K Abrass, CK TI Role of laminin isoforms in glomerular structure SO PATHOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE basement membrane; development; glomerulus; laminin; extracellular matrix ID S-LAMININ; BASEMENT-MEMBRANES; DEVELOPING KIDNEY; MESSENGER-RNA; NEUROMUSCULAR-JUNCTION; SYNAPTIC CLEFT; BASAL LAMINAE; IV COLLAGEN; A-CHAIN; EXPRESSION AB Laminin along with collagen type IV, proteoglycans, and entactin are major components of basement membranes. Basement membrane components are synthesized at high levels during development. The formation of specialized basement membranes may play important roles in cell and tissue function by influencing cell proliferation, phenotype, migration and gene expression as well as tissue architecture. The growing diversity of laminin isoforms influences the formation of distinct basement membranes. Many of the laminin chains sequenced to date are expressed during glomerular development under strict temporal control. Also, some studies suggest that additional laminin chains exist and contribute to unique isoforms expressed within the renal glomerulus. This article will review the status of characterization of laminin isoforms expressed by glomerular cells, point out possible differences in isoforms expressed by different species, and discuss the implications of the complexity of glomerular laminins. In order to fully understand the nature of the glomerular laminins and their importance, information from studies of cells in culture, whole tissue, and those that use molecular and protein analysis must be integrated. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Abrass, CK (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Div Nephrol, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK49771] NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1015-2008 J9 PATHOBIOLOGY JI Pathobiology PD MAR-APR PY 1999 VL 67 IS 2 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1159/000028055 PG 8 WC Cell Biology; Pathology SC Cell Biology; Pathology GA 172TM UT WOS:000078940800003 PM 10023136 ER PT J AU Sattin, A Pekary, AE Lloyd, RL AF Sattin, A Pekary, AE Lloyd, RL TI TRH in therapeutic vs. nontherapeutic seizures: Affective and motor functions SO PHARMACOLOGY BIOCHEMISTRY AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE thyrotrophin-releasing hormone; TRH; affect; emotion; antidepressant; electroconvulsive; seizures; Parkinsonism; forced swim; limbic; THR-enhancing peptide; motor ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; RAT LIMBIC FOREBRAIN; ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY; THYROID-HORMONE; CORTICOTROPIN RELEASE; PYROGLUTAMYL-PEPTIDES; HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION; PRECURSOR PEPTIDES; ANXIETY DISORDERS; INHIBITING FACTOR AB We have modeled some aspects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in rats. In addition to sham-treated controls, one group received two electroconvulsive (ECS) current-doses at grand mal seizure threshold. Two more groups received three additional ECSs at two higher current-doses. Only the two suprathreshold groups showed significant antidepressant (AD) effects in the forced-swim test, but all three seizure groups showed significant increases in TRH and related peptides in anterior cortex (AC), pyriform cortex (PYR), amygdala/entorhinal cortex (AY), and hippocampus (HC). In motor cortex (MC), TRH appeared to be increased only in the lower dose suprathreshold ECS condition. No condition increased TRH in striatum (STR). These results fell short of directly implicating limbic TRH in AD effects, but in HC, MC, and STR, correlations of peptide levels with individual swim scores raise the possibility that this peptidergic system might be involved in motor as well as affective functions. Other peptides related to TRH might also be implicated in affective regulation and antidepressant effects. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Res Serv, W Los Angeles, CA USA. Sepulveda VA Med Ctr, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Dept Med Endocrinol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Sattin, A (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, POB 84122, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 78 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0091-3057 J9 PHARMACOL BIOCHEM BE JI Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 62 IS 3 BP 575 EP 583 DI 10.1016/S0091-3057(98)00185-3 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Behavioral Sciences; Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 169WX UT WOS:000078773300024 PM 10080252 ER PT J AU Deboer, T Ross, RJ Morrison, AR Sanford, LD AF Deboer, T Ross, RJ Morrison, AR Sanford, LD TI Electrical stimulation of the amygdala increases the amplitude of elicited ponto-geniculo-occipital waves SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE amygdala; acoustic startle response; electrical stimulation; elicited PGO waves ID PONTOGENICULOOCCIPITAL WAVES; ACOUSTIC STARTLE; CENTRAL NUCLEUS; PGO SPIKES; ALBINO-RAT; AROUSAL; ENHANCEMENT; MECHANISMS; RESPONSES; REFLEX AB The amygdala projects massively via its central nucleus (CNA) into brain stem regions involved in alerting and ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO) wave generation. Electrical stimulation of CNA is known to enhance the acoustic startle response (ASR) and influence spontaneous PGO waves. The role of the amygdala in the modulation of ASR and elicited PGO waves (PGO(E)) was investigated in albino rats. Electrically stimulating CNA within 25 ms prior to an auditory stimulus enhanced ASR and PGO(E) amplitude in a similar way, with the largest response occurring when the electrical and auditory stimuli were given simultaneously. The data suggest that CNA modulates alerting mechanisms. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Lab Study Brain Sleep, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Sanford, LD (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, 3800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH42903]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS35281] NR 41 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 66 IS 1 BP 119 EP 124 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(98)00281-9 PG 6 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 187BA UT WOS:000079765000018 PM 10222483 ER PT J AU Cacciola, JS Koppenhaver, JM McKay, JR Alterman, AI AF Cacciola, JS Koppenhaver, JM McKay, JR Alterman, AI TI Test-retest reliability of the lifetime items on the addiction severity index SO PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; MENTAL-ILLNESS; VALIDITY; DEPENDENCE; INSTRUMENT; DIAGNOSIS; DISORDERS; AGREEMENT; DRINKING; COCAINE AB Longer interval (M = 50.6, SD = 13.1 days) test-retest reliability of the lifetime items on the Addiction Severity Index (ASI), a semistructured interview, was evaluated in 108 alcohol and/or cocaine dependent patients. They were administered the ASI at admission to an intensive outpatient rehabilitation treatment program and again after completion of this intervention and randomization into an aftercare study. Results demonstrated good to excellent reliability for participants' reports for most lifetime items in the medical, employment, drug, alcohol, and legal problem areas. Two of the ASI areas, family/social and psychiatric, had numerous items that did not achieve acceptable levels of reliability. Within these two problem areas, the more subjective and less operationally defined constructs had the poorest reliability. This study, in general, supports the longer interval test-retest reliability of the ASI lifetime items as well as the notion that alcohol and cocaine dependent patients under certain conditions can and do reliably report personal information. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Treatment Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Studies Addict, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cacciola, JS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Treatment Res Ctr, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM cacciola@research.trc.upenn.edu NR 32 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 3 U2 4 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1040-3590 J9 PSYCHOL ASSESSMENT JI Psychol. Assess. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 11 IS 1 BP 86 EP 93 DI 10.1037//1040-3590.11.1.86 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 174HA UT WOS:000079027600010 ER PT J AU Duerinckx, AJ AF Duerinckx, AJ TI Coronary MR angiography SO RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTS; RESPIRATORY FEEDBACK MONITOR; HEART-TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; BREATH-HOLD; NAVIGATOR-ECHO; FLOW RESERVE; NONINVASIVE ASSESSMENT; KAWASAKI-DISEASE AB MR angiography of the coronary arteries became possible in 1991 with the development of a new group of fast MR imaging sequences. Although the role of coronary MR angiography in screening for coronary artery lesions has not pet been established, coronary MR angiography already has been very successful in the detection of coronary artery variants and the imaging of coronary stents and bypass grafts. Variants of these new MR imaging techniques also can quantitate velocity in native coronary arteries. Several generations of coronary MR angiographic techniques exist; all techniques use EKC-triggering. The use of MR contrast agents appears to further improve all techniques. Technical progress and changes in this subfield of cardiac MR imaging have been so fast that large-scale preclinical trials have not been conducted with the majority of the first and second generation coronary MR angiographic pulse sequences as known today. This article reviews the development of these new cardiac MR imaging techniques and the initial successes with clinical application using commercial MR scanners. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Mail Route W114,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM ajd@ucla.edu NR 189 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0033-8389 J9 RADIOL CLIN N AM JI Radiol. Clin. N. Am. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 2 BP 273 EP + DI 10.1016/S0033-8389(05)70096-8 PG 47 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 180RF UT WOS:000079398400003 PM 10198645 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Antipsychotic drugs and relapse prevention SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on New Antipsychotic Drugs - Special Issues and Indications CY FEB 20-21, 1998 CL MARCO ISLAND, FLORIDA DE clozapine; new antipsychotics; olanzapine; relapse prevention; risperidone; schizophrenia ID NEUROLEPTIC TREATMENT; MAINTENANCE TREATMENT; SCHIZOPHRENIA; FLUPHENAZINE; TRIAL; INTERMITTENT; PLACEBO; OUTPATIENTS; REDUCTION; CLOZAPINE AB Strategies for preventing relapse during the maintenance or stable phase of schizophrenia are discussed for both conventional and newer antipsychotics. For conventional agents, strategies focus on finding dosages that minimize antipsychotic drug side effects and provide adequate protection against psychotic relapse. Although few studies are available to compare older and newer antipsychotics for preventing relapse, there are reasons for proposing that newer drugs will be shown to be superior. Because of their milder side effects, clinicians can choose drug dosages that provide maximum protection against relapse. Further, since patients on the newer drugs are likely to experience fewer discomforting side effects, they may be more likely to take their medications as directed. Other potential advantages of the newer drugs over the older drugs include the likelihood that they are more effective against negative and cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116A, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv 116A, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD MAR 1 PY 1999 VL 35 SU S BP S87 EP S92 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00167-4 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 178LR UT WOS:000079267900010 PM 10190229 ER PT J AU Gipson, D Katz, LA Stehman-Breen, C AF Gipson, D Katz, LA Stehman-Breen, C TI Principles of dialysis: Special issues in women SO SEMINARS IN NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC-RENAL-FAILURE; AMBULATORY PERITONEAL-DIALYSIS; BIOACTIVE LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; HEMODIALYSIS-PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY; VASCULAR ACCESS; DISEASE; PREGNANCY C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Stehman-Breen, C (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 78 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9295 J9 SEMIN NEPHROL JI Semin. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 19 IS 2 BP 140 EP 147 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 175KE UT WOS:000079091700010 PM 10192246 ER PT J AU Yang, CC Clowers, DE AF Yang, CC Clowers, DE TI Screening cystoscopy in chronically catheterized spinal cord injury patients SO SPINAL CORD LA English DT Article DE spinal cord injury; bladder cancer; cystoscopy; cancer screening ID BLADDER-CANCER; CELL CARCINOMA; SURVIVAL; TUMORS AB Study design: Retrospective review. Objectives: An annual screening cystoscopy protocol was begun at our institution in an attempt to minimize the morbidity and mortality of bladder cancer in the chronically catheterized spinal cord injured (SCI) population. The objectives of this study are: (1) to present the results of 6 years of screening for primary bladder cancer in this population, and (2) examine the suitability of this protocol based upon accepted principles of cancer screening. Setting: Veterans hospital, Seattle, WA, USA. Methods: SCT patients selected for screening cystoscopy were those who had been continuously catheterized for 10 or more years, or were smokers who bad been catheterized for 5 or more years. Biopsies and/or urine cytologies were taken at the surgeon's discretion. Results: Fifty-nine patients underwent 156 cystoscopy procedures from January 1992 through December 1997. The vast majority of patients were at risk for autonomic dysreflexia, so cystoscopy was performed with anesthesia. No bladder cancers were diagnosed by screening cystoscopy. All bladder biopsies and cytology specimens were benign. During the same period of time four SCI patients presented with symptomatic bladder cancers. Two patients did not fit the criteria for surveillance, one patient was not being followed by the SCI unit and presented to an outside physician, and one patient had a screening cystoscopy 4 months prior co presenting with bladder cancer. Conclusions: Cystoscopy does not fulfil the accepted criteria for screening for primary bladder cancer in SCT patients. The disease does not appear to be amenable to screening, the population to be screened is not easily definable, and the costs are excessive compared to the low cancer detection rate. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect 112U, Seattle Div, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Yang, CC (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Urol Sect 112U, Seattle Div, Spinal Cord Injury Unit, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 2 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1362-4393 J9 SPINAL CORD JI Spinal Cord PD MAR PY 1999 VL 37 IS 3 BP 204 EP 207 DI 10.1038/sj.sc.3100767 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 183DH UT WOS:000079538400008 PM 10213331 ER PT J AU Ohlin, AK Marlar, RA AF Ohlin, AK Marlar, RA TI Thrombomodulin gene defects in families with thromboembolic disease - A report on four families SO THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ACID DIMORPHISM; INHERITED THROMBOPHILIA; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PROTEIN-C; VENOUS THROMBOSIS; MUTATION; FREQUENT; COFACTOR; PLASMA AB It has been suggested that an impaired thrombomodulin (TM) function could constitute an abnormality leading to thromboembolic disease (TED). The TM gene from 51 unrelated American patients with TED and 100 American blood donors was screened for mutations. Four heterozygous point mutations in the TM gene were detected. The mutations are distributed throughout the TM gene and predict amino acid changes 1) pro(483) to Leu, 2) Gly(61) to Ala, 3) Asp(468) to Tyr (earlier described) and 4) a silent mutation not predicting any amino acid change at Glu(163). Family studies reveal that the occurrence of the different TM mutations is associated with a history of TED, but there are indications of multiple risk factors and no perfect co-segregation of the TM defects and TED. Among the controls, three individuals carried heterozygous TM variants predicting either a pro(477)-Ser mutation (two cases) or an Asp(468)-Tyr mutation. Our results thus demonstrate that a previously undocumented abnormality in the protein C anticoagulant pathway, a defect in the TM gene, to a certain extent co-segregates with familial thrombophilia. Further studies are needed to prove the causality of these TM mutations. C1 Univ Lund Hosp, Dept Clin Chem, Inst Lab Med, S-22185 Lund, Sweden. Univ Colorado, Sch Med & Lab Serv, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Ohlin, AK (reprint author), Univ Lund Hosp, Dept Clin Chem, Inst Lab Med, S-22185 Lund, Sweden. NR 25 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU F K SCHATTAUER VERLAG GMBH PI STUTTGART PA P O BOX 10 45 43, LENZHALDE 3, D-70040 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0340-6245 J9 THROMB HAEMOSTASIS JI Thromb. Haemost. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 81 IS 3 BP 338 EP 344 PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 174UE UT WOS:000079053400002 PM 10102456 ER PT J AU Mason, GR AF Mason, GR TI Pancreatogastrostomy as reconstruction for pancreatoduodenectomy: Review SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID PANCREATICODUODENECTOMY; PANCREATICOGASTROSTOMY; PANCREAS; PANCREATICOJEJUNOSTOMY; EXPERIENCE; RESECTION; TRAUMA; ANASTOMOSES; MANAGEMENT; CARCINOMA AB A summary of 733 reported cases of pancreatogastrostomy (PG) as a reconstructive procedure following pancreatoduodenectomy and the traumatically severed pancreas indicates an aggregate leakage rate of 4% over a 52-year period. Although mortality rates have declined over this period, the reported high correlation of leak with mortality seems to indicate the greater safety of PG over other methods for treating the residual pancreatic duct. The lower rate of complications related to pancreatocutaneous fistula from PG should correlate with shorter and less expensive hospital stays for patients treated with this technique. Several questions regarding technique must await further investigation. C1 Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Mason, GR (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60115 USA. NR 59 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD MAR PY 1999 VL 23 IS 3 BP 221 EP 226 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 166EF UT WOS:000078562700001 PM 9933689 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG Woolf, SH Eccles, M Grimshaw, J AF Shekelle, PG Woolf, SH Eccles, M Grimshaw, J TI Developing guidelines SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID DESIGN AFFECTS OUTCOMES; CONTROLLED TRIALS; APPROPRIATENESS; BIAS; LANGUAGE; THERAPY; RATINGS C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Family Practice, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. Univ Newcastle Upon Tyne, Ctr Hlth Serv Res, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE2 4AA, Tyne & Wear, England. Univ Aberdeen, Hlth Serv Res Unit, Aberdeen AB9 2ZD, Scotland. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv, 111G,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Grimshaw, Jeremy/D-8726-2013 OI Grimshaw, Jeremy/0000-0001-8015-8243 NR 17 TC 613 Z9 634 U1 2 U2 8 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-8138 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD FEB 27 PY 1999 VL 318 IS 7183 BP 593 EP 596 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 173DQ UT WOS:000078966300039 PM 10037645 ER PT J AU Iijima, M Tabira, T Poorkaj, P Schellenberg, GD Trojanowski, JQ Lee, VMY Schmidt, ML Takahashi, K Nabika, T Matsumoto, T Yamashita, Y Yoshioka, S Ishino, H AF Iijima, M Tabira, T Poorkaj, P Schellenberg, GD Trojanowski, JQ Lee, VMY Schmidt, ML Takahashi, K Nabika, T Matsumoto, T Yamashita, Y Yoshioka, S Ishino, H TI A distinct familial presenile dementia with a novel missense mutation in the tau gene SO NEUROREPORT LA English DT Article DE corticobasal degeneration; familial dementia; frontotemporal dementia; neurofibrillary tangles; tau gene; tau protein ID NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE AB WE report a Japanese family with early onset hereditary frontotemporal dementia and a novel missense mutation (Ser305Asn) in the tau gene. The patients presented with personality changes followed by impaired cognition and memory as well as disorientation, but minimal Parkinsonism. Imaging studies showed fronto-temporal atrophy with ventricular dilatation more on the left, and postmortem examination of the brain revealed numerous neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) with an unusual morphology and distribution. Silver-stained sections showed ring-shaped NFTs partially surrounding the nucleus that were most prominent in frontal, temporal, insular and postcentral cortices, as well as in dentate gyrus. Cortical NFTs were restricted primarily to layer II, and were composed of straight tubules, Numerous glial cells containing coiled bodies and abundant neuropil threads were detected in cerebral white matter, hippocampus, basal ganglia, diencephalon and brain stem, but no senile plaques or other diagnostic lesions were seen. Both the glial and neuronal tangles were stained by antibodies to phosphorylation-independent and phosphorylation-dependent epitopes in tau, Thus, this novel mutation causes a distinct familial tauopathy. (C) 1999 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Shimane Med Univ, Dept Neuropsychiat, Izumo, Shimane 6938501, Japan. Shimane Med Univ, Dept Lab Med, Izumo, Shimane 6938501, Japan. Natl Ctr Neurol & Psychiat, Natl Inst Neurosci, Div Demyelinating Dis & Aging, Kodaira, Tokyo 1878502, Japan. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Educ Clin Ctr, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Watanabe Hosp, Tottori 680, Japan. Tottori Univ, Fac Med, Dept Neuropsychiat, Yonago, Tottori 6830826, Japan. RP Iijima, M (reprint author), Shimane Med Univ, Dept Neuropsychiat, Izumo, Shimane 6938501, Japan. NR 15 TC 108 Z9 112 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-4965 J9 NEUROREPORT JI Neuroreport PD FEB 25 PY 1999 VL 10 IS 3 BP 497 EP 501 DI 10.1097/00001756-199902250-00010 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 180NY UT WOS:000079393100012 PM 10208578 ER PT J AU Rajendran, JG Jacobson, AF AF Rajendran, JG Jacobson, AF TI Review of 6-month mortality following low-probability lung scans SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Society-of-Nuclear-Medicine 43rd Annual Meeting CY JUN 03-05, 1996 CL DENVER, COLORADO SP Soc Nucl Med ID PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; VENTILATION-PERFUSION; SCINTIGRAPHY; CRITERIA AB Background: Ventilation perfusion lung scanning is widely used as a diagnostic method for evaluating patients suspected of having pulmonary embolism (PE). While lung scan interpretation is traditionally performed in terms of probability of PE (usually low, moderate or intermediate, and high), in recent years concern has been raised that the term low probability may be misleading because adverse and even fatal sequelae of PE occasionally occur in such patients. To assess these concerns, a review of mortality in a large series of patients following low-probability lung scans was performed. Objective: To determine the B-month mortality in a consecutive series of patients following low-probability ventilation perfusion (V/Q) lung scans. Methods: Records of all patients who had low-probability V/Qscans during a 9-year period (1987-1995) were reviewed. Causes of mortality for those patients who died during the 6-month period after the index scan were established from patients' charts, autopsy reports, and computer record data. Results: Of the total 536 evaluable patients, 83 (15%) died within 6 months of the date of the lung scan; 73 (88%) died while inpatients at the Seattle Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, Wash, and the other 10 (12%) died at other facilities or at home. Pulmonary embolism was not reported as a suspected or probable contributing factor in any of the 83 deaths. Sixty-three patients (76%) who died had a diagnosis of either cancer (n = 32) or advanced cardiovascular disease (n = 31) at the time of their lung scans. Twenty-six patients (31%) underwent autopsies, and PE was not identified on examination of the lungs in any of them. Of the 27 patients who died within 1 month of the scan date, 17 (63%) underwent autopsies. Conclusion: Review of data from all patients with low-probability V/Q scans and a follow-up of 6 months showed no documentation to attribute any deaths to PE. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Div Nucl Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Jacobson, AF (reprint author), 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 26 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD FEB 22 PY 1999 VL 159 IS 4 BP 349 EP 352 DI 10.1001/archinte.159.4.349 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 168QU UT WOS:000078704400003 PM 10030307 ER PT J AU Della Rocca, GJ Mukhin, YV Garnovskaya, MN Daaka, Y Clark, GJ Luttrell, LM Lefkowitz, RJ Raymond, JR AF Della Rocca, GJ Mukhin, YV Garnovskaya, MN Daaka, Y Clark, GJ Luttrell, LM Lefkowitz, RJ Raymond, JR TI Serotonin 5-HT1A receptor-mediated Erk activation requires calcium/calmodulin-dependent receptor endocytosis SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-COUPLED RECEPTORS; CALMODULIN-BINDING DOMAIN; TYROSINE-KINASE; COATED VESICLES; PHOSPHORYLATION; CELLS; DESENSITIZATION; LOCALIZATION; PP60C-SRC; IDENTIFICATION AB Many receptors that couple to heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding (G) proteins mediate rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases, Erk1 and Erk2. The G(i)-coupled serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)) 5-HT1A receptor, heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary or human embryonic kidney 293 cells, mediated rapid activation of Erk1/2 via a mechanism dependent upon both Ras activation and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. This activation was attenuated by chelation of intracellular Ca2+ and Ca2+/calmodulin (CAM) inhibitors or the CAM sequestrant protein calspermin, The CAM-dependent step in the Erk1/2 activation cascade is downstream of Ras activation, because inhibitors of CAM antagonize Erk1/2 activation induced by constitutively activated mutants of Ras and c-Src but not by constitutively activated mutants of Raf and MEK (mitogen and extracellular signal-regulated kinase). Inhibitors of the classical CAM effecters myosin light chain kinase, CAM-dependent protein kinases II and IV, PP2B, and CAM-sensitive phosphodiesterase had no effect upon 5-HT1A receptor-mediated Erk1/2 activation. Because clathrin-mediated endocytosis was required for 5-HT1A receptor-mediated Erk1/2 activation, we pos tulated a role for CAM in receptor endocytosis. Inhibition of receptor endocytosis by use of sequestration-defective mutants of beta-arrestin, and dynamin attenuated 5-HT1A receptor-stimulated Erk1/2 activation. Inhibition of CAM prevented agonist dependent endocytosis of epitope-tagged 5-HT1A receptors. We conclude that CAM-dependent activation of Erk1/2 through the 5-HT1A receptor reflects its role in endocytosis of the receptor, which is a required step in the activation of MEK and subsequently Erk1/2. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med Nephrol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biochem, Durham, NC 27710 USA. NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med Nephrol, 829 Clin Sci Bldg,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM raymondj@musc.edu RI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/F-8310-2010 OI Perez , Claudio Alejandro/0000-0001-9688-184X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL16037]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK02352, DK52448] NR 44 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 EI 1083-351X J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD FEB 19 PY 1999 VL 274 IS 8 BP 4749 EP 4753 DI 10.1074/jbc.274.8.4749 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 168NB UT WOS:000078698200037 PM 9988712 ER PT J AU Ko, CW Sekijima, JH Lee, SP AF Ko, CW Sekijima, JH Lee, SP TI Biliary sludge SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; SOMATOSTATIN ANALOG OCTREOTIDE; GALLBLADDER MOTILITY INVITRO; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANT; SHOCK-WAVE LITHOTRIPSY; LONG-TERM TREATMENT; LOW-CALORIE DIET; GALLSTONE FORMATION; BILE COMPOSITION; MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION AB Biliary sludge was first described with the advent of ultrasonography in the 1970s. It is defined as a mixture of particulate matter and bile that occurs when solutes in bile precipitate. Its composition varies, but cholesterol monohydrate crystals, calcium bilirubinate, and other calcium salts are the most common components. The clinical course of biliary sludge varies, and complete resolution, a waxing and waning course, and progression to gallstones are all possible outcomes. Biliary sludge may cause complications, including biliary colic, acute pancreatitis, and acute cholecystitis. Clinical conditions and events associated with the formation of biliary sludge include rapid weight loss, pregnancy, ceftriaxone therapy, octreotide therapy, and bone marrow or solid organ transplantation. Sludge may be diagnosed on ultrasonography or bile microscopy, and the optimal diagnostic method depends on the clinical setting. This paper proposes a protocol for the microscopic diagnosis of sludge. There are no proven methods for the prevention of sludge formation, even in high-risk patients, and patients should not be routinely monitored for the development of sludge. Asymptomatic patients with sludge can be managed expectantly. If patients with sludge develop symptoms or complications, cholecystectomy should be considered as the definitive therapy. Further studies of the pathogenesis, natural history, and clinical associations of biliary sludge will be essential to our understanding of gallstones and other biliary tract abnormalities. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gastroenterol Sect, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lee, SP (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gastroenterol Sect, Mailstop 111GI-A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM splee@u.washington.edu RI Lee, Sum Ping/C-4333-2009 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41678, DK 46890] NR 113 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD FEB 16 PY 1999 VL 130 IS 4 BP 301 EP 311 PN 1 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 166PY UT WOS:000078587200008 PM 10068389 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI Newer antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLOZAPINE; HALOPERIDOL; RISPERIDONE C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 11 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 BP 383 EP 384 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 170LZ UT WOS:000078808300001 PM 10071705 ER PT J AU Bohning, DE Shastri, A McConnell, KA Nahas, Z Lorberbaum, JP Roberts, DR Teneback, C Vincent, DJ George, MS AF Bohning, DE Shastri, A McConnell, KA Nahas, Z Lorberbaum, JP Roberts, DR Teneback, C Vincent, DJ George, MS TI A combined TMS/fMRI study of intensity-dependent TMS over motor cortex SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE transcranial magnetic stimulation; motor cortex; fMRI; blood flow; imaging ID TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION; CONNECTIVITY; DEPRESSION; MOOD; PET AB Background: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows noninvasive stimulation of neurons using time-varying magnetic fields. Researchers have begun combining TMS with functional imaging to simultaneously stimulate and image brain activity. Recently, the feasibility of interleaving TMS with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was demonstrated This study tests this new method to determine if TMS at different intensities shows different local and remote activation. Methods: Within a 1.5 Tesla (T) MRI scanner, seven adults were stimulated with a figure-eight TMS coil over the left motor cortex for thumb, while continuously acquiring blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) echoplanar images, TMS was applied at I Hz in 18-second long trains delivered alternately at 110% and 80% of motor threshold separated by rest periods. Results: Though the TMS coil caused some artifacts and reduced the signal to noise ratio (SNR), higher intensity TMS caused greater activation than lower, both locally and remotely, The magnitude ( approximate to 3% increase) and temporal onset (2 to 5 sec) of TMS induced bloodflow changes appear similar to those induced using other motor and cognitive tasks, Conclusions: Though work remains in refining this potentially powerful method, combined TMS/fMRI is both technically feasible and produces measurable dose-dependent changes in brain activity. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Hosp, Charleston, SC USA. RP Bohning, DE (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Funct Neuroimaging Res Div, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA10761-03] NR 26 TC 168 Z9 171 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 BP 385 EP 394 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00368-0 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 170LZ UT WOS:000078808300002 PM 10071706 ER PT J AU Levy, ML Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Sultzer, DL Small, GW AF Levy, ML Cummings, JL Fairbanks, LA Sultzer, DL Small, GW TI Apolipoprotein E genotype and noncognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein E; psychosis; depression; agitation; noncognitive ID E EPSILON-4 ALLELE; E TYPE-4 ALLELE; PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; ASSOCIATION; METABOLISM; DIAGNOSIS; DEMENTIA; DECLINE; RISK AB Background: The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) epsilon 4 allele confers significant risk for Alzheimer's disease and is associated with a greater amyloid burden in the brain. Future treatments may target molecular mechanisms associated with this allele, and it is important to define any phenotypic characteristics that correspond to this genotype. We sought to clarify the relationship between ApoE status and noncognitive symptoms in Alzheimer's disease patients. Methods: Possible and probable Alzheimer's disease patients from a clinical trial (n = 605) were assessed with the 10-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory cross-sectionally prior to treatment, and their ApoE genotype was determined. Among the population studied the following numbers with specific genotypes were studied: 23-2/3, 17-2/4, 209-3/3, 288-3/4, 68-4/4, Results: When correlations were controlled for the patient's level of cognitive impairment, there was no relationship between epsilon 4 dose and any of the IO noncognitive symptoms assessed, including psychosis, mood changes, and personality alterations. Conclusions: Among patients with comparable disease severity, the epsilon 4 allele does not confer additional psychiatric morbidity. (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, W los Angeles, CA USA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 23 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 4 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 15 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 4 BP 422 EP 425 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00041-9 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 170LZ UT WOS:000078808300007 PM 10071711 ER PT J AU Waite, JJ Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU AF Waite, JJ Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU TI Selective immunotoxin-induced cholinergic deafferentation alters blood flow distribution in the cerebral cortex SO BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE acetylcholine; Alzheimer's disease; 192 IgG-saporin; basal forebrain; cerebral circulation ID GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; RAT AUDITORY-CORTEX; NUCLEUS BASALIS MAGNOCELLULARIS; SUBSTANTIA INNOMINATA; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ACETYLTRANSFERASE ACTIVITY; SOMATOSENSORY STIMULATION; EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; FOREBRAIN NEURONS; PHYSOSTIGMINE AB Adult rats received intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of either phosphate buffer (PBS) or 192 Igc-saporin (Toxin), 3.6 mu g rat(-1), a cholinergic immunotoxin. Six to eight weeks later, the animals received a continuous intravenous (i.v.) infusion of either physostigmine (4.2 mu g kg(-1) min(-1)) or saline, followed by measurement of cerebral cortical blood flow (CBF) with the autoradiographic Iodo-C-14-antipyrine methodology in four groups of animals: Toxin i.c.v. + saline i.v. (n = 9), Toxin i.c.v. + physostigmine i.v. (n = 6), PBS i.c.v. + saline i.v. (n = 6) and PBS i.c.v. + physostigmine i.v. (n = 6). Choline acetyltransferase activity (ChAT) was assessed with Fonnum's method in samples of cortical tissue adjacent to the sites of CBF measurement. ChAT decreased in all regions of the Toxin groups when compared to PBS (% decrease: hippocampus = 93%, neocortex = 80-84%, entorhinal-piriform cortex = 42%, amygdala = 28%). CBF decreased globally in Toxin + SAL, most severely in posterior parietal and temporal regions (24-40% decrease from PBS + saline). Physostigmine enhanced CBF predominantly in these same areas both in PBS and Toxin animals although to a lesser extent in the latter. Our results demonstrate the importance of cholinergic mechanisms in the control of CBF. The similarity between the topography of CBF decrease following administration of the immunotoxin to that observed in Alzheimer's disease suggests that the CBF pattern observed in this disease may be the result of cholinergic deafferentation. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Neurosci, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Behav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Scremin, OU (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Bldg 115,Rm 319,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 52 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0006-8993 J9 BRAIN RES JI Brain Res. PD FEB 6 PY 1999 VL 818 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/S0006-8993(98)01174-3 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 163BC UT WOS:000078381500001 PM 9914432 ER PT J AU Saha, S Saint, S Tierney, LM AF Saha, S Saint, S Tierney, LM TI A balancing act SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; LUMBAR PUNCTURE; RISKS C1 Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Taubman Ctr 3116P, Div Gen Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Saint, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Med Ctr, Taubman Ctr 3116P, Div Gen Internal Med, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 4 PY 1999 VL 340 IS 5 BP 374 EP 378 DI 10.1056/NEJM199902043400508 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 163WC UT WOS:000078428500008 PM 9929529 ER PT J AU Shekelle, PG AF Shekelle, PG TI Physical therapy, chiropractic manipulation, or an educational booklet for back pain SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Shekelle, PG (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD FEB 4 PY 1999 VL 340 IS 5 BP 390 EP 391 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 163WC UT WOS:000078428500020 ER PT J AU Krahl, SE Berman, RF Hannigan, JH AF Krahl, SE Berman, RF Hannigan, JH TI Electrophysiology of hippocampal CA1 neurons after prenatal ethanol exposure SO ALCOHOL LA English DT Article DE fetal alcohol syndrome; FAS; hippocampus ID INUTERO ALCOHOL EXPOSURE; H-3 GLUTAMATE BINDING; PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; RAT HIPPOCAMPUS; 45-DAY-OLD RATS; ADULT-RATS; DEFICITS; PLASTICITY; MATURATION AB In the present study, we examined the longitudinal effects of prenatal ethanol exposure on the electrophysiological characteristics of CAL neurons in hippocampal slices. Hippocampal slices were obtained from young (25-32-day old) and adult (63-77-day old) male offspring of rats given one of four treatments during gestation. Three groups of pregnant rats were orally intubated with 0, 4, or 6 g/kg ethanol on gestational days 8-20. Caloric intake for the 0- (nutritional control) and 4-g/kg groups was yoked to that of the 6 g/kg group. A fourth group (untreated control) was not intubated, and was given ad lib access to food. Long-term potentiation and paired-pulse inhibition were unaffected by prenatal ethanol exposure in young and adult rats; however, slices taken from the young 6 g/kg ethanol group displayed a significantly lower maximal CA1 population spike amplitude evoked by Schaffer collateral stimulation as compared to young controls. This difference was not observed in adult animals. These data suggest that some aspects of hippocampal physiology are negatively affected in young rats as a result of prenatal ethanol exposure, but this effect reverses as the animal matures. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Wayne State Univ, CS Mott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Detroit, MI USA. Wayne State Univ, CS Mott Ctr Human Growth & Dev, Dept Psychol, Detroit, MI USA. RP Krahl, SE (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 114,Suite 217, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [P50-AA07606, T32-AA07531] NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0741-8329 J9 ALCOHOL JI Alcohol PD FEB PY 1999 VL 17 IS 2 BP 125 EP 131 DI 10.1016/S0741-8329(98)00043-3 PG 7 WC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Substance Abuse; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 166NP UT WOS:000078583500006 PM 10064380 ER PT J AU Strausbaugh, LJ AF Strausbaugh, LJ TI Infection control in long-term care: News from the front SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Editorial Material ID NURSING-HOMES; FACILITIES; RESISTANCE C1 Portland VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, PVAMC, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Strausbaugh, LJ (reprint author), Portland VA Med Ctr, Med Serv, PVAMC, P-3-1D,POB 1034, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD FEB PY 1999 VL 27 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1016/S0196-6553(99)70067-2 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 167MV UT WOS:000078637800001 PM 9949371 ER PT J AU Bent, S Avins, AL AF Bent, S Avins, AL TI An herb for every illness? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Bent, S (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Osher Ctr Integrat Med, 111A1,4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 106 IS 2 BP 259 EP 260 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 172CD UT WOS:000078904000019 PM 10230757 ER PT J AU Simon, FR Fortune, J Iwahashi, M Bowman, S Wolkoff, A Sutherland, E AF Simon, FR Fortune, J Iwahashi, M Bowman, S Wolkoff, A Sutherland, E TI Characterization of the mechanisms involved in the gender differences in hepatic taurocholate uptake SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lipid composition; lipid fluidity; sodium-dependent taurocholate transporter; organic anion transport peptide; transcription ID PERFUSED-RAT-LIVER; ANION UPTAKE SYSTEMS; SEX-DIFFERENCES; BILE-ACID; GROWTH-HORMONE; FEMALE RATS; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; GENE-EXPRESSION; FATTY-ACID; TRANSPORT AB Gender differences in the hepatic transport of organic anions is well established. Although uptake of many organic anions is greater in females, sodium-dependent taurocholate uptake is greater in hepatocytes from male rats. We examined the hypothesis that endogenous estrogens alter the number of sinusoidal bile acid transporters and/or decrease membrane lipid fluidity. The initial sodium-dependent uptake of [H-3]taurocholate was 75% greater in hepatocytes from males than from either intact or oophorectomized females rats. Taurocholate maximal uptake was increased twofold (P < 0.03) without a significant change in the Michaelis-Menten constant. Sinusoidal membrane fractions were isolated from male and female rat livers with equal specific activities and enrichments of Na+-K+-ATPase. Males had a significant (P < 0.05) increase in cholesterol esters and phosphatidylethanolamine-to-phosphatidylcholine ratio. Fluorescence polarization indicated decreased lipid fluidity in females. In females, expression of the sodium-dependent taurocholate peptide (Ntcp) and mRNA were selectively decreased to 46 +/- 9 and 54 +/- 4% (P < 0.01), respectively, and the organic anion transporter peptide (Oatp) and Na+-K+-ATPase alpha-subunit were not significantly different. Nuclear run-on analysis indicated a 47% (P < 0.05) decrease in Ntcp transcription, without a significant change in Oatp. In conclusion, these studies demonstrated that decreased sodium-dependent bile salt uptake in female hepatocytes was due to decreased membrane lipid fluidity and a selective decrease in Ntcp. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. Yeshiva Univ Albert Einstein Coll Med, Marion Bessin Liver Res Ctr, Bronx, NY 10461 USA. RP Simon, FR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, B-145, Denver, CO 80262 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-34914, DK-15851, DK-23026] NR 55 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 276 IS 2 BP G556 EP G565 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 166TM UT WOS:000078593300029 PM 9950831 ER PT J AU Minassian, BA Sainz, J Serratosa, JM Gee, M Sakamoto, LM Bohlega, S Geoffroy, G Barr, C Scherer, SW Tomiyasu, U Carpenter, S Wigg, K Sanghvi, AV Delgado-Escueta, AV AF Minassian, BA Sainz, J Serratosa, JM Gee, M Sakamoto, LM Bohlega, S Geoffroy, G Barr, C Scherer, SW Tomiyasu, U Carpenter, S Wigg, K Sanghvi, AV Delgado-Escueta, AV TI Genetic locus heterogeneity in Lafora's progressive myoclonus epilepsy SO ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SKIN BIOPSY; LINKAGE ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSIS; DISEASE AB In 1995, we mapped a gene for Lafora's progressive myoclonus epilepsy in chromosome 6q23-25. In 1397 and 1998, we reduced the size of the locus to 300 kb, and an international collaboration identified mutations in the protein tyrosine phosphatase gene. Here, we examine for heterogeneity through the admixture test in 22 families and estimate the proportion of linked families to be 75 to 85%. Extremely low posterior probabilities of linkage (Wi), exclusionary LOD scores, and haplotypes identify 4 families unlikely to be linked to chromosome 6q24. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles DVA Med Ctr, Pathol Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Dept Pediat, Div Neurol,Bloorview Epilepsy Program, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Toronto, Toronto Hosp, Dept Pathol, Toronto, ON, Canada. Univ Montreal, Ste Justine Hosp, Dept Neurol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Epilepsy Unit, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. King Faisal Specialist Hosp & Res Ctr, Dept Med, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia. RP Delgado-Escueta, AV (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Comprehens Epilepsy Program, Bldg 500,Room 3405,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Howe, Jennifer/I-9013-2012; Scherer, Stephen /B-3785-2013 OI Scherer, Stephen /0000-0002-8326-1999; Barr, Cathy/0000-0003-0361-0106 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS21908] NR 19 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0364-5134 J9 ANN NEUROL JI Ann. Neurol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 45 IS 2 BP 262 EP 265 DI 10.1002/1531-8249(199902)45:2<262::AID-ANA20>3.0.CO;2-9 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 164LR UT WOS:000078466100020 PM 9989632 ER PT J AU Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Graybill, JR AF Najvar, LK Bocanegra, R Graybill, JR TI An alternative animal model for comparison of treatments for cryptococcal meningitis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID MURINE CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; AMPHOTERICIN-B; KETOCONAZOLE; THERAPY AB Weanling outbred rats were infected with Cryptococcus neoformans by direct percranial puncture and inoculation into the cranium. A lethal infection ensued. Treatment with LY295337, a depsipeptide with antifungal activity, was effective in prolonging survival and reducing fungal counts in brain tissue. Weanling rats are an acceptable model for the study of central nervous system infection with C. neoformans. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Div Infect Dis, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 43 IS 2 BP 413 EP 414 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 163UF UT WOS:000078424200042 PM 9925548 ER PT J AU Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Dhanda, R Cornell, JE Hazuda, HP AF Escalante, A Lichtenstein, MJ Dhanda, R Cornell, JE Hazuda, HP TI Determinants of hip and knee flexion range: Results from the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging SO ARTHRITIS CARE AND RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID LIMITED JOINT MOBILITY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; MEXICAN-AMERICANS; OSTEO-ARTHRITIS; PAIN MAP; OBESITY; COMPLICATIONS; COLLAGEN; MOTION AB Objective. We analyzed data from the San Antonio Longitudinal Study of Aging, a neighborhood-based study of community-dwelling elderly people, to identify factors that determine the flexion range (FR) of hips and knees. Methods. The FR of hips and knees was measured in a cohort of 687 subjects aged 65 to 79 years. We used multivariate models to examine the associations among the FR of hips and knees, and between these and age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), pain and its location, self-reported arthritis, and diabetes mellitus. The functional relevance of hip and knee FR was tested by measuring its association with 50-foot walking velocity. Results. More than 90 degrees of flexion in both hips and both knees was observed in 619 subjects (90.1%). Correlations among the FR of hips and knees ranged from 0.54 to 0.80 (P < 0.001 for Spearman r values). Multivariate analysis revealed a pattern of significant associations between each of the joints and its contralateral mate and ipsilateral partner joints that was consistent for both hips and both knees. Using each individual joint as the unit of analysis, the following variables were independently associated with hip or knee FR in multivariate models: rising BMI and female sex with reduced FR of both hips and knees, a Mexican American ethnic background with decreased hip FR, and knee pain with decreased knee FR. The functional importance of the FR of these two important joints was supported by its significant association with walking velocity in a model that adjusted for age, gender, ethnic background, BMI; and hip or knee pain. Conclusions. Most community-dwelling elderly people have a FR of hips and knees that can be considered functional. The ipsilateral and contralateral hip or knee are significant independent determinants of the FR of each of these joints. Obesity, a health problem potentially amenable to preventive and therapeutic interventions, is a factor significantly associated with decreased FR of hips and knees. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Immunol & Rheumatol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Aging Res & Educ Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Clin Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Hazuda, HP (reprint author), 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU AHRQ HHS [1-U01-HS07397]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIA NIH HHS [1-RO1-AG-10444] NR 38 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0893-7524 J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 8 EP 18 DI 10.1002/1529-0131(199902)12:1<8::AID-ART3>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 165AF UT WOS:000078495600003 PM 10513485 ER PT J AU Kagan, BL Leskin, G Haas, B Wilkins, J Foy, D AF Kagan, BL Leskin, G Haas, B Wilkins, J Foy, D TI Elevated lipid levels in Vietnam veterans with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE posttraumatic stress disorder; lipids; stress; trauma; veterans ID COMBAT VETERANS; CHOLESTEROL AB Background: Elevated cholesterol levels have been reported in panic disorder and anger attacks, but not major depression. No data have been reported in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Methods: Seventy-three male Vietnam veterans with chronic (PTSD) had serum lipid screening upon entry to a 90-day inpatient program. Results: Elevated cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, and reduced high-density lipoprotein, were frequent in Vietnam veterans with chronic PTSD and are significant risk factors for coronary artery disease. Conclusions: Routine lipid screening may be warranted in this at-risk population. Altered lipid levels may result from activation of the noradrenergic system. Biol Psychiatry 1999;45:374-377 (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Neuropsychiat Inst,Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Pepperdine Univ, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. RP Kagan, BL (reprint author), 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH01174] NR 20 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 3 BP 374 EP 377 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00059-6 PG 4 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 165JZ UT WOS:000078518800022 PM 10023518 ER PT J AU Marder, SR AF Marder, SR TI An approach to treatment resistance in schizophrenia SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Global Medical Conference on the Treatment of Schizophrenia CY APR, 1997 CL INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA ID PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; HALOPERIDOL; CLOZAPINE; TRIAL; RISPERIDONE; OLANZAPINE AB Currently, patients with schizophrenia are usually considered refractory to treatment if they continue to be floridly symptomatic despite receiving treatment with conventional antipsychotic agents. Attempts to improve their response by increasing the dosage, adding supplementary drugs, or switching to agents of another class have not been very successful, and may increase side-effects. Clozapine can be effective, but it is a difficult drug to administer and has therefore been reserved for patients who are doing poorly. With the recent introduction of newer, safer antipsychotic agents, however, even patients who have milder refractory symptoms that persist after treatment with conventional antipsychotics can now be treated. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Marder, SR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROYAL COLLEGE OF PSYCHIATRISTS PI LONDON PA BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 17 BELGRAVE SQUARE, LONDON SW1X 8PG, ENGLAND SN 0007-1250 J9 BRIT J PSYCHIAT JI Br. J. Psychiatry PD FEB PY 1999 VL 174 SU 37 BP 19 EP 22 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 167ZF UT WOS:000078664700006 ER PT J AU Lopes-Virella, MF Virella, G Orchard, TJ Koskinen, S Evans, RW Becker, DJ Forrest, KYZ AF Lopes-Virella, MF Virella, G Orchard, TJ Koskinen, S Evans, RW Becker, DJ Forrest, KYZ TI Antibodies to oxidized LDL and LDL-containing immune complexes as risk factors for coronary artery disease in diabetes mellitus SO CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anti-oxidized LDL antibodies; LDL immune complexes; coronary artery disease; diabetes mellitus ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PITTSBURGH EPIDEMIOLOGY; ADVANCED GLYCOSYLATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGES; AUTOANTIBODIES; IDDM AB Several groups have published results from clinical studies supporting the involvement of anti-modified LDL antibodies as risk factors for the initiation or progression of cardiovascular disease. However, the data published so far are judged inconclusive because of several contradictory observations concerning the correlation between clinical evidence of arteriosclerosis and the levels of antibodies to oxidized LDL (oxLDL Ab). We have previously reported that oxLDL Ab exist both in free form and as antigen-antibody complexes (LDL-IC) in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM). The presence of LDL-IC in IDDM patients has important implications: it may interfere with the assay of oxLDL antibodies and the levels of LDL-IC may correlate better with the development of arteriosclerosis than the levels of free oxLDL antibodies. To clarify these questions baseline samples collected from 49 IDDM patients, who subsequently developed coronary artery disease (CAD) during an 8-year follow-up period, were compared to baseline samples from 49 age-, sex-, and duration-matched control IDDM subjects who remained free of clinical CAD during an identical follow-up period. The levels of free oxLDL antibody were significantly lower in the patients who developed CAD. The same patients had significantly higher concentrations of total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and IgA in immune complex-enriched polyethylene glycol (PEG;) precipitates. The concentration of IgG was also higher in PEG precipitates from patients who developed CAD, but did not reach statistical significance. This indicates that patients who develop CAD had higher levels of circulating LDL-IC, a fact that could not be deduced from the measurement of free oxLDL antibody concentrations. A linear regression analysis of the correlation between the concentrations of total cholesterol in PEG precipitates, taken as a surrogate measurement of PEG-precipitated oxLDL-IC, and the concentration of free oxLDL antibody in serum showed a statistically significant negative correlation (r = -0.229, P = 0.024). Our results support the conclusion that oxLDL-IC may be a risk factor for the development of macrovascular disease in IDDM patients. We also have demonstrated that circulating oxLDL-IC interfere with the assay of free oxLDL antibodies. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Dept Endocrinol Metab Nutr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Endocrinol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Slippery Rock Univ, Dept Allied Hlth, Slippery Rock, PA 16057 USA. RP Lopes-Virella, MF (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. OI orchard, trevor/0000-0001-9552-3215 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-55782] NR 50 TC 103 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1521-6616 J9 CLIN IMMUNOL JI Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 90 IS 2 BP 165 EP 172 DI 10.1006/clim.1998.4631 PG 8 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 176WW UT WOS:000079175900003 PM 10080827 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA Baker, CA AF Lipsky, BA Baker, CA TI Fluoroquinolone toxicity profiles: A review focusing on newer agents SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; QUINOLONE ANTIBACTERIALS; CLINICAL-EXPERIENCE; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; ORAL LEVOFLOXACIN; TENDON-RUPTURE; SAFETY PROFILE; CIPROFLOXACIN AB For 2 decades fluoroquinolones have been found to be generally well-tolerated and safe. Adverse events may be inherent to the class or influenced by structural modifications. The commonest adverse events are gastrointestinal tract (GI) and central nervous system (CNS) reactions; nephrotoxicity and tendinitis are infrequent, but agents differ greatly in phototoxic potential. Fluoroquinolones are safe in elderly, human immunodeficiency virus-infected, and neutropenic patients, but because of possible effects on articular cartilage, they are not currently recommended for children or pregnant women. Four new agents have recently been licensed. Levofloxacin causes few GI or CNS adverse events and is minimally phototoxic. Sparfloxacin infrequently causes GI or CNS effects but is associated with relatively high rates of phototoxicity and prolongation of the electrocardiographic QT(c) interval (Q-T interval, corrected for head rate). Grepafloxacin causes relatively high rates of GI effects, taste perversion, and QT(c) interval prolongation, but it is minimally phototoxic. Trovafloxacin is associated with a moderate rate of GI effects and a relatively high incidence of dizziness but has low phototoxic potential. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GIMC Antibiot Res 111 M, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. Providence St Vincent Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Lipsky, BA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GIMC Antibiot Res 111 M, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 117 TC 232 Z9 251 U1 2 U2 17 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 28 IS 2 BP 352 EP 364 DI 10.1086/515104 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 167DH UT WOS:000078617000035 PM 10064255 ER PT J AU Rajendran, JG Graham, MM AF Rajendran, JG Graham, MM TI In-111-labeled leukocyte infection imaging: False-positive results caused by wound dressing and hematoma SO CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE In-111 WBC; false positive; amputation stump; dressing radioactivity C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Nucl Med 115, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Div Nucl Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Rajendran, JG (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Nucl Med 115, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-9762 J9 CLIN NUCL MED JI Clin. Nucl. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 24 IS 2 BP 126 EP 127 DI 10.1097/00003072-199902000-00013 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 162AK UT WOS:000078322600013 PM 9988074 ER PT J AU Robbins, SJ Ehrman, RN Childress, AR O'Brien, CP AF Robbins, SJ Ehrman, RN Childress, AR O'Brien, CP TI Comparing levels of cocaine cue reactivity in male and female outpatients SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE cocaine; addiction; gender; conditioning; cue reactivity ID MENSTRUAL-CYCLE PHASE; GENDER DIFFERENCES; DEPENDENT PATIENTS; CONDITIONED-RESPONSES; ABUSE PATIENTS; STRESS; DIETHYLPROPION; ALCOHOLICS; EXPOSURE; DRINKERS AB Thirty-eight female and 26 male cocaine-dependent outpatients were exposed to cocaine cues in a laboratory setting. Stimuli consisted of an audiotape of patients discussing cocaine use, a videotape of simulated cocaine preparation and use, and the handling of cocaine paraphernalia. Overall, the stimuli produced significant decreases in skin temperature and skin resistance, and significant increases in heart rate, self-reported drug states (high, craving, and withdrawal), and self-reported negative moods. Females were more likely to report increased craving in response to the cues than males, but there were no other gender differences in any of the responses. Levels of reactivity in females were comparable to the results of previous studies with all male samples. These results support the use of a constant set of cues in future treatment studies employing gender-balanced patient samples. (C) 1999 Published by Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Beaver Coll, Dept Psychol, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Robbins, SJ (reprint author), Beaver Coll, Dept Psychol, 450 S Easton Rd, Glenside, PA 19038 USA. EM robbins@beaver.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA03008, P50-DA09252-04] NR 44 TC 135 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 53 IS 3 BP 223 EP 230 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(98)00135-5 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 163QM UT WOS:000078416700005 PM 10080048 ER PT J AU Biswas, G Adebanjo, OA Freedman, BD Anandatheerthavarada, HK Vijayasarathy, C Zaidi, M Kotlikoff, M Avadhani, NG AF Biswas, G Adebanjo, OA Freedman, BD Anandatheerthavarada, HK Vijayasarathy, C Zaidi, M Kotlikoff, M Avadhani, NG TI Retrograde Ca2+ signaling in C2C12 skeletal myocytes in response to mitochondrial genetic and metabolic stress: a novel mode of inter-organelle crosstalk SO EMBO JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Ca2+ signaling; membrane potential; mitochondrial DNA; ryanodine receptor; stress response ID NF-KAPPA-B; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; NONEXCITABLE CELLS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; DNA DELETIONS; CALCIUM; NUCLEAR; ACTIVATION; CALCINEURIN AB We have investigated the mechanism of mitochondrial-nuclear crosstalk during cellular stress in mouse C2C12 myocytes, For this purpose, we used cells with reduced mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contents by ethidium bromide treatment or myocytes treated with known mitochondrial metabolic inhibitors, including carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), antimycin, valinomycin and azide. Both genetic and metabolic stresses similarly affected mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta psi(m),) and electron transport-coupled ATP synthesis, which was also accompanied by an elevated steady-state cytosolic Ca2+ level ([Ca2+](i)). The mitochondrial stress resulted in: (i) an enhanced expression of the sarcoplasmic reticular ryanodine receptor-1 (RyR-1), hence potentiating the Ca2+ release in response to its modulator, caffeine; (ii) enhanced levels of Ca2+-responsive factors calineurin, calcineurin-dependent NFATc (cytosolic counterpart of activated T-cell-specific nuclear factor) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-dependent ATF2 (activated transcription factor 2); (iii) reduced levels of transcription factor, NF-KB; and (iv) enhanced transcription of cytochrome oxidase Vb (COX Vb) subunit gene, These cellular changes, including the steady-state [Ca2+](i) were normalized in genetically reverted cells which contain near-normal mtDNA levels, We propose that the mitochondria-to-nucleus stress signaling occurs through cytosolic [Ca2+](i) changes, which are likely to be due to reduced ATP and Ca2+ efflux. Our results indicate that the mitochondrial stress signal affects a variety of cellular processes, in addition to mitochondrial membrane biogenesis. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Mari Lowe Ctr Comparat Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Geriatr & Extended Care Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Avadhani, NG (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Vet Med, Dept Anim Biol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-22762-21]; NIA NIH HHS [AG14917-02]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI060921] NR 72 TC 233 Z9 241 U1 2 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0261-4189 J9 EMBO J JI Embo J. PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 18 IS 3 BP 522 EP 533 DI 10.1093/emboj/18.3.522 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 166VC UT WOS:000078597500003 PM 9927412 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, DD Boldt, BM Wilkinson, CW Yellon, SM Matsumoto, AM AF Rasmussen, DD Boldt, BM Wilkinson, CW Yellon, SM Matsumoto, AM TI Daily melatonin administration at middle age suppresses male rat visceral fat, plasma leptin, and plasma insulin to youthful levels SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE; RHYTHM AB Human and rat pineal melatonin secretion decline with aging, whereas visceral fat and plasma insulin levels increase. Melatonin modulates fat metabolism in some mammalian species, so these aging-associated melatonin, fat and insulin changes could be functionally related. Accordingly, we investigated the effects of daily melatonin supplementation to male Sprague-Dawley rats, starting at middle age (10 months) and continuing into old age (22 months). Melatonin was added to the drinking water (92% of which was consumed at night) at a dosage (4 mu g/ml) previously reported to attenuate the aging-associated decrease in survival rate in male rats, as well as at a 10-fold lower dosage. The higher dosage produced nocturnal plasma melatonin levels in middle-aged rats which were 15-fold higher than in young (4 months) rats; nocturnal plasma melatonin levels in middle-aged rats receiving the lower dosage were not significantly different from young or middle-aged controls, Relative (% of body wt) retroperitoneal and epididymal fat, as well as plasma insulin and leptin levels, were all significantly increased at middle age when compared to young rats. All were restored within 10 weeks to youthful (4 month) levels in response to both dosages of melatonin. Continued treatment until old age maintained suppression of visceral (retroperitoneal + epididymal) fat levels. Plasma corticosterone and total thyroxine (T4) levels were not significantly altered by aging or melatonin treatment. Plasma testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and total triiodothyronine (T3) decreased by middle age; these aging-associated decreases were not significantly altered by melatonin treatment. Thus, visceral fat, insulin and leptin responses to melatonin administration may be independent of marked changes in gonadal, thyroid, adrenal or somatotropin regulation. Since increased visceral fat is associated with increased insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, these results suggest that appropriate melatonin supplementation may potentially provide prophylaxis or therapy for some prominent pathologies associated with aging. C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Loma Linda Univ, Dept Physiol, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. RP Rasmussen, DD (reprint author), Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 14 TC 155 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD FEB PY 1999 VL 140 IS 2 BP 1009 EP 1012 DI 10.1210/en.140.2.1009 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 158ZX UT WOS:000078148300061 PM 9927336 ER PT J AU Jubran, A AF Jubran, A TI Is respiratory controller arrhythmia an artifact or a real phenomenon? SO EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID VARIATIONAL ACTIVITY; BREATHING PATTERNS C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Jubran, A (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Route 111N, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0903-1936 J9 EUR RESPIR J JI Eur. Resp. J. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 13 IS 2 BP 236 EP 237 DI 10.1034/j.1399-3003.1999.13b03.x PG 2 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 169XY UT WOS:000078776000003 PM 10065661 ER PT J AU Caskey, NH Jarvik, ME Wirshing, WC AF Caskey, NH Jarvik, ME Wirshing, WC TI The effects of dopaminergic D-2 stimulation and blockade on smoking behavior SO EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NICOTINE; BRAIN; BROMOCRIPTINE; HALOPERIDOL; MECHANISMS; SMOKERS AB Researchers have hypothesized that dopamine mediates the reinforcing effects of stimulant drugs, including nicotine. Three experiments tested whether manipulating dopamine would alter human smoking behavior. Experiments used double-blind, repeated measures designs. In Experiment 1, 4 participants were given haloperidol (a dopamine antagonist; placebo, 0.5, and 1.0 mg) on 3 occasions. The smoking rate was faster in the 1.0 mg versus the placebo condition. Ln Experiment 2, 12 participants were given haloperidol (2.0 mg) and placebo on 2 occasions. The intercigarette interval was shorter at the expected time of peak drug concentration. In Experiment 3, 5 participants were given bromocriptine (a dopamine agonist, 2.5 mg) and placebo on 2 occasions. The smoking rate was significantly slower with bromocriptine. These results suggest that blockade of D-2 receptors increases smoking whereas their stimulation decreases smoking. C1 VA W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Psychopharmacol Unit, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Adult Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP VA W Los Angeles Healthcare Ctr, Psychopharmacol Unit, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, T-350,691-B151D, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM nhcaskey@ucla.edu FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA09570A] NR 24 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 1064-1297 EI 1936-2293 J9 EXP CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 7 IS 1 BP 72 EP 78 DI 10.1037//1064-1297.7.1.72 PG 7 WC Psychology, Biological; Psychology, Clinical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 166WJ UT WOS:000078600600009 PM 10036612 ER PT J AU Woods, KL Anand, BS Cole, RA Osato, MS Genta, RM Malaty, H Gurer, IE De Rossi, D AF Woods, KL Anand, BS Cole, RA Osato, MS Genta, RM Malaty, H Gurer, IE De Rossi, D TI Influence of endoscopic biopsy forceps characteristics on tissue specimens: results of a prospective randomized study SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY; ADEQUACY AB Background: A large variety of endoscopic biopsy forceps are commercially available. However, little is known regarding the influence of forceps characteristics such as disposability, size, shape, and presence of a needle on the adequacy of the specimens for histologic diagnosis. Our aim was to analyze in a prospective, randomized, pathologist-blinded study the performance of different biopsy forceps. Methods: Twelve biopsy forceps were tested, 6 each at upper endoscopy and colonoscopy. Two biopsy specimens were obtained with each forceps, for a total of 12 specimens per patient. The tissue samples were examined for the following parameters: weight (mg), size (mms), depth, crush artifact, sheering effect, and adequacy of the specimens for histologic information (0 = inadequate, 1 = suboptimal, and 2 = adequate). Results: Fifty-five patients undergoing routine upper or lower gastrointestinal endoscopy were included in the study, and a total of 624 tissue samples were available for analysis. Overall, disposable forceps provided specimens of greater size and depth. At upper endoscopy, alligator-shaped forceps improved the depth of the sample as did the absence of a needle within the cup. These factors, however, had no impact on the specimens obtained at colonoscopy. When the adequacy of the specimens was assessed for histologic diagnosis, no significant difference was noted between any of the individual forceps, although collectively oval-shaped forceps were superior to alligator-shaped forceps at colonoscopy. Conclusions: The biopsy forceps currently available in the market are equally efficient in providing histologic diagnosis. The primary consideration when selecting an endoscopic biopsy forceps, therefore, should be the cost and ease of use and not any perceived advantage in performance. C1 VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Sect 111D, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Methodist Hosp, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Methodist Hosp, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Anand, BS (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Digest Dis Sect 111D, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Gurer, Inanc Elif/C-3042-2016 NR 10 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 49 IS 2 BP 177 EP 183 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(99)70483-9 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 165RK UT WOS:000078535000006 PM 9925695 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Madden, JP Martin, P AF Rosen, HR Madden, JP Martin, P TI A model to predict survival following liver retransplantation SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases CY NOV 07-12, 1997 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis ID PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS; PRIMARY SCLEROSING CHOLANGITIS; RISK-FACTORS; TRANSPLANTATION; DISEASE AB In the current era of critical-organ shortage, one of the most controversial questions facing transplantation teams is whether hepatic retransplantation, which has historically been associated with increased resource utilization and diminished survival, should be offered to a patient whose first allograft is failing. Retransplantation effectively denies access to orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) to another candidate and further depletes an already-limited organ supply The study group was comprised of 1,356 adults undergoing hepatic retransplantation in the United States between 1990 and 1996 as reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), We analyzed numerous donor and recipient variables and created Cox proportional-hazards models on 900 randomly chosen patients, validating the results on the remaining cohort. Five variables consistently provided significant predictive power and made up the final model: age, bilirubin, creatinine, UNOS status, and cause of graft failure. Although both hepatitis C seropositivity and donor age were significant by univariate and multivariate analyses, neither contributed independently to the estimation of prognosis when added to the final model. The final model was highly predictive of survival (whole model chi(2) = 139.63), The risk scores for individual patients were calculated, and patients were assigned into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups (P <.00001). The low degree of uncertainty in the probability estimates as reflected by confidence intervals, even in our high-risk patients, underscores the applicability of our model as an adjunct to clinical judgment. We have developed and validated a model that uses five readily accessible "bedside" variables to accurately predict survival in patients undergoing liver retransplantation. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Hlth Data Res Inc, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Hepatol Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034,P3-GI, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 26 TC 104 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD FEB PY 1999 VL 29 IS 2 BP 365 EP 370 DI 10.1002/hep.510290221 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 162FB UT WOS:000078333900008 PM 9918911 ER PT J AU Barnett, JK Barnett, D Bolin, CA Summers, TA Wagar, EA Cheville, NF Hartskeerl, RA Haake, DA AF Barnett, JK Barnett, D Bolin, CA Summers, TA Wagar, EA Cheville, NF Hartskeerl, RA Haake, DA TI Expression and distribution of leptospiral outer membrane components during renal infection of hamsters SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INTERROGANS SEROVAR HARDJO; HUMAN IMMUNE-RESPONSE; PATHOGENIC LEPTOSPIRA; BOVIS INFECTION; MOLECULAR-CLONING; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PROTEIN; VACCINATION; SURFACE; KIDNEY AB The outer membrane of pathogenic Leptospira species grown in culture media contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a porin (OmpL1), and several lipoproteins, including LipL36 and LipL41. The purpose of this study was to characterize the expression and distribution of these outer membrane antigens during renal infection. Hamsters were challenged with host-derived Leptospira kirschneri to generate sera which contained antibodies to antigens expressed in vivo. Immunoblotting performed with sera from animals challenged with these host-derived organisms demonstrated reactivity with OmpL1, LipL41, and several other proteins but not with LipL36. Although LipL36 is a prominent outer membrane antigen of cultivated L. kirschneri, its expression also could not be detected in infected hamster kidney tissue by immunohistochemistry, indicating that expression of this protein is down-regulated in vivo. In contrast, LPS, OmpL1, and LipL41 were demonstrated on organisms colonizing the lumen of proximal convoluted renal tubules at both 10 and 28 days postinfection. Tubular epithelial cells around the luminal colonies had fine granular cytoplasmic LPS. When the cellular inflammatory response was present in the renal interstitium at 28 days postinfection, LPS and OmpL1 were also detectable within interstitial phagocytes. These data establish that outer membrane components expressed during infection have roles in the induction and persistence of leptospiral interstitial nephritis. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ So Indiana, Dept Biol, Evansville, IN 47712 USA. Iowa State Univ, USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Ames, IA 50010 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Royal Trop Inst, Dept Biomed Res, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Haake, DA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, 111F, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI034431, R21 AI034431, AI-34431, R29 AI034431] NR 47 TC 97 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 67 IS 2 BP 853 EP 861 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 160VE UT WOS:000078251400054 PM 9916100 ER PT J AU Singh, BN AF Singh, BN TI Current antiarrhythmic Drugs: An overview of mechanisms of action and potential clinical utility SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Antiarrhythmic Drugs at the Crossroads - From Cell to Bedside CY MAY 06, 1998 CL SAN DIEGO, CA DE antiarrhythmic drugs; implantable defibrillators; proarrhythmic reactions; arrhythmia mortality reduction; clinical trials ID VENTRICULAR INTRACELLULAR POTENTIALS; CLASS-III AGENTS; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIAC-ARRHYTHMIAS; INTRAVENOUS AMIODARONE; SINUS RHYTHM; DOUBLE-BLIND; SUDDEN-DEATH; GUINEA-PIG AB Current Antiarrhythmic Drugs. Reorientation in drug therapy to control cardiac arrhythmias continues to evolve in the wake of ongoing refinements in techniques and indications for radiofrequency ablation and the use of implantable devices for atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. The role of sodium channel blockers continues to be questioned, and data from clinical trials indicate that the use of this class of drugs should be limited to control symptoms in patients who have arrhythmias and either no or minimal heart disease. The decline in the use of sodium channel blockers has led to greater use of beta blockers and complex Class III agents, such as sotalol and amiodarone, as both primary therapy and adjunctive therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients with cardiac disease of varying degrees of ventricular dysfunction. Success with these Class III agents in the context of their side effects has led to the synthesis and characterization of compounds with simpler ion channel-blocking properties. The need for such compounds stemmed from the observation that atrial fibrillation (AF) as an arrhythmia is, for the most part, still not amenable to curative therapy by interventional procedures. The isolated block of the rapid component of the delayed rectifier current (I-Kr) has been found to have either a neutral (e.g.,dofetilide) or deleterious (e.g., d-sotalol) effect on mortality in survivors of myocardial infarction. Thus, the objective of drug development should be the appropriate match between the substrate and an antiarrhythmic drug. The so-called pure Class III agents have been shown to have beneficial antifibrillatory effects in patients with AF. They are effective in inducing acute chemical conversion, preventing paroxysmal AF, and maintaining sinus rhythm in patients with persistent AF restored to sinus rhythm with DC cardioversion. AF is a complex arrhythmia, undoubtedly a result of multifaceted derangement of atrial ionic currents. Attention has therefore focused on newer compounds that have the propensity to block more than one ion channel. Examples of such agents are tedisamil and azimilide, the latter having been studied extensively in humans. It is the first of the Class III agents that block both components (I-Kr and I-Ks) of the delayed rectifier current, which results in a spectrum of electrophysiologic properties that includes lack of rate or use dependency in terms of effect on repolarization and refractoriness of atrial and ventricular myocardium. Available but unpublished clinical data indicate that azimilide may be effective over a wide range of tachycardia cycle lengths with a low incidence of torsades de pointes. In these respects, its properties, at least in terms of its use in AF, resemble those of amiodarone. However; the drug has little or no effect on AV conduction, which precludes the modulation of ventricular response in patients relapsing to AF. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, 111E,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 91 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1045-3873 EI 1540-8167 J9 J CARDIOVASC ELECTR JI J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 10 IS 2 BP 283 EP 301 DI 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1999.tb00674.x PG 19 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 173CX UT WOS:000078964600022 PM 10090235 ER PT J AU Lorr, M Strack, S AF Lorr, M Strack, S TI A study of Benjamin's eight-facet Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERPERSONAL CIRCUMPLEX; TAXONOMY AB The study purpose was to evaluate the cluster, or facet, version of Benjamin's (1974, 1996b) Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) in independent samples of 133 normal participants and 182 psychiatric cases. We first tested for the presence of 3 circumplexes. Focus on the Other. Focus on the Self. and Introject in the 36 items that are hypothesized to define each of them. Next, intercorrelations of 8 item-based facet scales were assessed for internal consistency, factor structure, and circular order, with the expectation that the scales would be reliable, yield 2 higher-order factors, and demonstrate a circumplex structure. Principal components analysis was applied followed by varimax rotation. Data for both normal participants and patients uniformly confirmed the presence of 4 item-level factors and 2 cluster-based factors for each circle. Alpha coefficients for facet scales were typically high, but some were as low as .50. The principal difference between the normal participants and patients was that the circumplex was incomplete in the patient data with poor differentiation of the vertical and horizontal variables. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Psychol Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Strack, S (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Psychol Serv, 351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH33604-04] NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9762 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL JI J. Clin. Psychol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 55 IS 2 BP 207 EP 215 PG 9 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 160JL UT WOS:000078226800008 PM 10100821 ER PT J AU Kasarabada, ND Anglin, MD Khalsa-Denison, E Paredes, A AF Kasarabada, ND Anglin, MD Khalsa-Denison, E Paredes, A TI Differential effects of treatment modality on psychosocial functioning of cocaine-dependent men SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ABUSERS; PSYCHOTHERAPY; ABSTINENCE; PREDICTORS; OUTCOMES; THERAPY; ADDICTS; RELAPSE; OPIATE AB Changes in psychosocial functioning,including depression. anxiety, somatization, obsessive-compulsiveness. interpersonal sensitivity, confidence in the ability to resist taking drugs in different situations, and social adjustment are examined for male veterans entering treatment for cocaine dependence. The sample was comprised of African Americans (66%). Hispanics (8%). and Whites (26%) with a mean age of 35 years at intake. Participants were assessed at the end of 1 year and 2 years: during the follow-up period, participants utilized different combinations of treatment modalities. Paired t-tests showed significant improvement between intake and follow-up, both at the end of 1 year and 2 years, on the Beck Depression Inventory, on the depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsiveness, and interpersonal sensitivity scores of the Symptom Check List (SCL-58), and in four role areas of social adjustment on the Social Adjustment Inventory. There were no significant differences between intake and follow-up on the somatization subscale of the SCL-58 and on the Drug Taking Confidence Questionnaire (DTCQ). Measures taken at Year 2 were not significantly different from Year 1. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed that treatment modality did not differentially affect psychosocial functioning on nearly all measures, except on somatization, confidence in the ability to resist taking drugs in different situations. and social adjustment involving leisure time. However, a combination of inpatient. high-intensity outpatient, and self-help group participation and a combination of outpatient and self-help group participation were better than a combination of inpatient, low-intensity outpatient, and self-help participation in increasing the confidence in the ability to resist cocaine use in different situations and to reduce symptoms of somatization. (C) 1999 John Wiley & Sons. Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Drug Abuse Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kasarabada, ND (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Drug Abuse Res Ctr, 1640 S Sepulveda Blvd,Suite 200, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [DA-04268, DA-07699, DA-00146] NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9762 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOL JI J. Clin. Psychol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 55 IS 2 BP 257 EP 274 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4679(199902)55:2<257::AID-JCLP13>3.3.CO;2-O PG 18 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 160JL UT WOS:000078226800013 PM 10100826 ER PT J AU Sanders, RD Mossman, D AF Sanders, RD Mossman, D TI An open trial of olanzapine in patients with treatment-refractory psychoses SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DOUBLE-BLIND; SCHIZOAFFECTIVE DISORDER; RESISTANT SCHIZOPHRENIA; CLOZAPINE; CHLORPROMAZINE; HALOPERIDOL; PLACEBO AB Olanzapine's structural similarities to clozapine and the results of premarketing clinical trials suggested potential usefulness in treating patients with treatment-refractory psychoses. Sixteen inpatients from the state hospital with severe, refractory schizophrenic or schizoaffective psychoses received olanzapine in a prospective, 12-week, open-label trial. The olanzapine dose was 10 mg/day for at least the first 6 weeks and never exceeded 20 mg/day. Mood stabilizers and other antipsychotic agents were discontinued before olanzapine was started. Patients frequently became more agitated within the first several weeks of initiating treatment, requiring the increased use of benzodiazepines and often leading to the discontinuation of olanzapine. Two patients improved significantly. Overall, significant clinical improvement was noted only for motor side effects. This study concluded that olanzapine was not effective in this heterogeneous group with chronic, severe, treatment-resistant psychosis when used in this manner. Further research is needed to explain the tendency toward agitation upon transition to olanzapine, which is reminiscent of reported risperidone complications. Clinicians should be alert for this complication and should minimize concomitant medication changes that might add to the risk of emergent agitation. C1 Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Forens Psychiat, Dayton, OH 45401 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mossman, D (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Div Forens Psychiat, POB 927, Dayton, OH 45401 USA. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0271-0749 J9 J CLIN PSYCHOPHARM JI J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 19 IS 1 BP 62 EP 66 DI 10.1097/00004714-199902000-00012 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 157VK UT WOS:000078082200011 PM 9934945 ER PT J AU Qureshi, N Kutuzova, G Takayama, K Rice, PA Golenbock, DT AF Qureshi, N Kutuzova, G Takayama, K Rice, PA Golenbock, DT TI Structure of lipid A and cell activation SO JOURNAL OF ENDOTOXIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES; CHLAMYDIA-TRACHOMATIS; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; FATTY-ACIDS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; LPS; ATCC-17023; INHIBITOR; PROTEIN AB Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the principal antigen of Gram-negative bacteria. The free lipid A is derived by mild acid hydrolysis of the LPS. The structures of lipid A from three select sources were compared. The toxic lipid A of Enterobacteriaceae LPS contains 6 fatty acids (C-14 or C-12) whereas the nontoxic penta-acyl diphosphoryl lipid A derived from the LPS of Rhodobacter sphaeroides (RsDPLA) contains short-chain fatty acids (C-10). The nontoxic penta-acyl lipid A from Chlamydia trachomatis contains long-chain fatty acids (C-20). This analysis shows that the toxic property of lipid A is determined by the fatty acid composition. Clearly, there is a fine structural requirement for toxicity (and biological activities) of lipid A (including LPS). As an effective antagonist in both human and murine cell lines, RsDPLA is a useful reagent for studying toxic LPS-induced signaling. RsDPLA appears to bind to the putative physiological receptor and does not allow the toxic LPS to bind and initiate signaling. This appears to occur very early at the level of both LBP and CD14. This suggests that RsDPLA may be a useful drug for Gram-negative septic shock. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Mycobacteriol Res Lab, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bacteriol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anim Hlth & Biomed Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Qureshi, N (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Mycobacteriol Res Lab, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 4 PU MANEY PUBLISHING LTD PI LEEDS PA HUNDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0968-0519 J9 J ENDOTOXIN RES JI J. Endoxtin Res. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 5 IS 3 BP 147 EP 150 DI 10.1179/096805199101531651 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA 240FK UT WOS:000082815100005 ER PT J AU Behroozan, DS Christian, MM Moy, RL AF Behroozan, DS Christian, MM Moy, RL TI Short pulse carbon dioxide laser resurfacing of the neck. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 11A EP 11A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600056 ER PT J AU Anawalt, BD Amory, JK Herbst, KL Matsumoto, AM Bremner, WJ AF Anawalt, BD Amory, JK Herbst, KL Matsumoto, AM Bremner, WJ TI Testosterone administration to normal men decreases truncal and total body fat. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Populat Ctr Res Reprod, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 22A EP 22A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600118 ER PT J AU Herbst, KL Anawalt, BD Cherrier, M Craft, S Matsumoto, AM Bremner, WJ AF Herbst, KL Anawalt, BD Cherrier, M Craft, S Matsumoto, AM Bremner, WJ TI Testosterone (T) administration improves spatial and verbal memory in normal men SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Med, Populat Ctr Res Reprod, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 23A EP 23A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600120 ER PT J AU Merriam, GR Galt, S Drolet, G Barsness, S Moe, KE Schwartz, RS Vitiello, MV AF Merriam, GR Galt, S Drolet, G Barsness, S Moe, KE Schwartz, RS Vitiello, MV TI Effects of GHRH treatment on 24-hour GH secretion in healthy older men. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 23A EP 23A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600121 ER PT J AU Mystkowski, P Shankland, E Schreyer, S LeBoeuf, R Kushmerick, M Schwartz, MW AF Mystkowski, P Shankland, E Schreyer, S LeBoeuf, R Kushmerick, M Schwartz, MW TI Whole body magnetic resonance spectroscopy is an accurate, precise, and non-invasive measure of murine adiposity. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 29A EP 29A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600157 ER PT J AU Celnik, CJ Fotieo, GG Carter, JS AF Celnik, CJ Fotieo, GG Carter, JS TI Foot ulcer care for patients with diabetes: Are we neglecting the other foot? SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 47A EP 47A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600252 ER PT J AU Dhanani, S Castle, S Damron-Rodriguez, J Perdelwitz, L Bowers, J Hillman, A AF Dhanani, S Castle, S Damron-Rodriguez, J Perdelwitz, L Bowers, J Hillman, A TI Senior screening health assessment & preventive education program customer satisfaction survey SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 64A EP 64A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600342 ER PT J AU Ko, F Hahn, TJ McDougall, S Peters, JH AF Ko, F Hahn, TJ McDougall, S Peters, JH TI The alternatively spliced V segment of fibronectin is recognized by the vitronectin receptor on rat chondrocytes. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 66A EP 66A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600352 ER PT J AU Moran, D Rajagopalan, S Yoshikawa, TT Norman, D Chang, MP AF Moran, D Rajagopalan, S Yoshikawa, TT Norman, D Chang, MP TI Site specific tuberculin skin test response: A comparative analysis of elderly versus young persons SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Charles R Drew Univ Med & Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90059 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 67A EP 67A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600360 ER PT J AU Howell, MD Geraci, JM Knowlton, AA AF Howell, MD Geraci, JM Knowlton, AA TI Congestive heart failure increases outpatients' risk of venous thromboembolism. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Cardiol Sect, Houston, TX USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Sect Gen Med, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RI Howell, Michael/B-8065-2009 OI Howell, Michael/0000-0001-7003-6971 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 113A EP 113A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600605 ER PT J AU Duncan, BW Geraci, JM AF Duncan, BW Geraci, JM TI Needs assessment of medical trainees for an evidence-based medicine journal club. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 1081-5589 J9 J INVEST MED JI J. Invest. Med. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 SU S BP 139A EP 139A PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 158VG UT WOS:000078137600749 ER PT J AU Sayin, U Rutecki, P Sutula, T AF Sayin, U Rutecki, P Sutula, T TI NMDA-dependent currents in granule cells of the dentate gyrus contribute to induction but not permanence of kindling SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIBER SYNAPTIC REORGANIZATION; REPEATED BRIEF SEIZURES; TEMPORAL-LOBE EPILEPSY; HIPPOCAMPAL SCLEROSIS; RAT; ACID; POTENTIATION; RECEPTORS; MODEL; INHIBITION AB Single-electrode voltage-clamp techniques and bath application of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid (APV) were used to study the time course of seizure-induced alterations in NMDA-dependent synaptic currents in granule cells of the dentate gyrus in hippocampal slices from kindled and normal rats. In agreement with previous studies, granule cells from kindled rats examined within 1 wk after the last of 3 or 30-35 generalized tonic-clonic (class V) seizures demonstrated an increase in the NMDA receptor-dependent component of the perforant path-evoked synaptic current. Within 1 wk of the last kindled seizure, NMDA-dependent charge transfer underlying the perforant path-evoked current was increased by 63-111% at a holding potential of -30 mV. In contrast, the NMDA-dependent component of the perforant-evoked current in granule cells examined at 2.5-3 mo after the last of 3 or 90-120 class V seizures did not differ from age-matched controls. Because the seizure-induced increases in NMDA-dependent synaptic currents declined toward control Values during a time course of 2.5-3 mo, increases in NMDA-dependent synaptic transmission cannot account for the permanent susceptibility to evoked and spontaneous seizures induced by kindling. The increase in NMDA receptor-dependent transmission was associated with the induction of kindling but was not responsible for the maintenance of the kindled state. The time course of alterations in NMDA-dependent synaptic current and the dependence of the progression of kindling and kindling-induced mossy fiber sprouting on repeated NMDA receptor activation are consistent with the possibility that the NMDA receptor is part of a transmembrane signaling pathway that induces long-term cellular alterations and circuit remodeling in response to repeated seizures, but is not required for permanent seizure susceptibility in circuitry altered by kindling. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anat, Madison, WI 53792 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53792 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Madison, WI 53792 USA. RP Sutula, T (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, H6-570, Madison, WI 53792 USA. NR 34 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3077 EI 1522-1598 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 81 IS 2 BP 564 EP 574 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 170XR UT WOS:000078832800016 ER PT J AU Adelson, DW Wei, JY Yashar, M O-Lee, TJ Cure, YT AF Adelson, DW Wei, JY Yashar, M O-Lee, TJ Cure, YT TI Central autonomic activation by intracisternal TRH analogue excites gastric splanchnic afferent neurons SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; DORSAL VAGAL COMPLEX; NERVOUS-SYSTEM ACTION; GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; SENSITIVE VISCERAL AFFERENTS; UNITS IN-VITRO; RAPHE PALLIDUS; SUBSTANCE-P; SENSORY INNERVATION; SOLITARY TRACT AB Intracisternal (ic) injection of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) or its stable analogue RX 77368 influences gastric function via stimulation of vagal muscarinic pathways. In rats, the increase in gastric mucosal blood flow evoked by a low ic dose of RX 77368 occurs via release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from capsaicin-sensitive afferent neurons, most probably of spinal origin. In this study, the effect of low ic doses of RX 77368 on afferent impulse activity in splanchnic single fibers was investigated. The cisterna magna of overnight-fasted, urethan-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats was acutely cannulated, and fine splanchnic nerve twigs containing at least one fiber responsive to mechanical probing of the stomach were isolated at a site immediately distal to the left suprarenal ganglion. Unit mechanoreceptive fields were encountered in all portions of the stomach, both superficially and in deeper layers. Splanchnic afferent unit impulse activity was recorded continuously during basal conditions and in response to consecutive ic;injections of saline and RX 77368 (15-30 min later; 1.5 or 3 ng). Basal discharge rates ranged from 0 to 154 impulses/min (median = 10.2 impulses/min). A majority of splanchnic single units with ongoing activity increased their mean discharge rate by greater than or equal to 20% after ic injection of RX 77368 at either 1.5 ng (6/10 units; median increase 63%) or 3 ng (19/24 units; median increase 175%). Five units lacking impulse activity in the 5-min before ic RX 77368 (3 ng) were also excited, with the onset of discharge occurring within 1.0-5.0 min postinjection. In units excited by ic RX 77368, peak discharge occurred 15.6 +/- 1.3 min after injection and was followed by a decline to stable activity levels less than or equal to 20-40 min thereafter. Tn a few cases (4/24), ic RX 77368(3 ng) inhibited the impulse activity of initially active units, with a time course comparable to that seen in units excited by the same treatment. The pattern of discharge in most units was not suggestive of mechanical modulation of activity by rhythmic gastric contractions. The data demonstrate that low ic doses of TRH analogue induce sustained increases in afferent discharge in a substantial proportion of splanchnic neurons innervating the rat stomach. These findings support the notion that splanchnic afferent excitation occurs concomitantly with vasodilatory peptide release from gastric splanchnic afferent nerve terminals after ic TRH-induced autonomic activation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Adelson, DW (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Vet Affairs Med Ctr Bldg 155,Room 325,11301 Wilsh, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Adelson, David/0000-0002-4623-6030 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110, DK-41301]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 65 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3077 J9 J NEUROPHYSIOL JI J. Neurophysiol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 81 IS 2 BP 682 EP 691 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 170XR UT WOS:000078832800026 PM 10036298 ER PT J AU Gilkeson, G Cannon, C Oates, J Reilly, C Goldman, D Petri, M AF Gilkeson, G Cannon, C Oates, J Reilly, C Goldman, D Petri, M TI Correlation of serum measures of nitric oxide production with lupus disease activity SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE lupus; nitric oxide; disease activity; glomerulonephritis ID SYNTHASE; CELLS; EXPRESSION; MICE; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; INFLAMMATION; MODULATION; ARTHRITIS; TYPE-2 AB Objective, To determine whether serum measures of nitric oxide production correlate with disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods. We assayed the levels of serum nitrate/nitrite from 26 patients with SLE followed for 1-3 years and nitrotyrosine levels in sera from 28 additional patients with SLE; sera from 19 controls were tested in both assays. Lupus disease activity was determined via the physician's global assessment, the Lupus activity Index, and the SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) at the time of serum collection for the initial set of 26 patients, Statistical correlations were determined using the Wilcoxon rank sum method and one-way ANOVA testing. Results. Serum levels of nitrate/nitrite were significantly higher in 26 patients with SLE compared to 19 controls (SLE, mean 29.5 mu M/ml. range 1-438; controls, mean 9.6 mu M/ml. range 0-51; p = 0.0004). Overall, there was a significant correlation between serum nitrate/nitrite: levels and SLEDAI scores (p = 0.0065). Renal variables within the SLEDAI had the highest correlation with serum nitrate/nitrite (p = 0.0028). Serum nitrotyrosine levels were also significantly higher in patients with SLE versus controls (p = 0.007) and in active SLE versus those with inactive SLE (p = 0.008). Conclusion. Serum nitrate/nitrite levels correlated with SLE disease activity, especially nephritis, in the majority of patients studied. Serum nitrotyrosine levels also differentiated controls from patients with lupus and patients with active from those with inactive disease. Due to the ease and low cost of these assays, serum measures of nitric oxide production appear a potentially useful adjunctive laboratory measure of disease activity in SLE and further implicate nitric oxide as an important mediator of disease in SLE. C1 Ralph H Johnson VAMC, Med Res Serv, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. US FDA, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Gilkeson, G (reprint author), 912 CSB,MUSC,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM gilkeson@musc.edu NR 20 TC 64 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 1 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 26 IS 2 BP 318 EP 324 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 162CJ UT WOS:000078327600015 PM 9972965 ER PT J AU Farshi, R Kistner, D Sarma, JSM Longmate, JA Singh, BN AF Farshi, R Kistner, D Sarma, JSM Longmate, JA Singh, BN TI Ventricular rate control in chronic atrial fibrillation during daily activity and programmed exercise: A crossover open-label study of five drug regimens SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEART-RATE; ORAL VERAPAMIL; DOSE DILTIAZEM; DIGOXIN; TOLERANCE; EFFICACY; THERAPY; CARDIOMYOPATHY; PERFORMANCE; DYSFUNCTION AB OBJECTIVES We compared the effects of five pharmacologic regimens on the circadian rhythm and exercise-induced changes of ventricular rate (VR) in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation (CAF). BACKGROUND Systematic comparison of standardized drug regimens on 24 h VR control in CAF have not been reported. METHODS In 12 patients (11 male, 69 +/- 6 yr) with CAF, the effects on VR by 5 standardized daily regimens: 1) 0.25 mg digoxin, 2) 240 mg diltiazem-CD, 3) 50 mg atenolol, 3) 0.25 mg digoxin + 240 mg diltiazem-CD, and 5) 0.25 mg digoxin + 50 mg atenolol; were studied after 2 week treatment assigned in random order. The VR data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measures. The circadian phase differences were evaluated by cosinor analysis. RESULTS The 24-h mean (+/-SD) values of VR (bpm) were - digoxin: 78.9 +/- 16.3, diltiazem: 80.0 +/- 15.5, atenolol: 75.9 +/- 11.7, digoxin + diltiazem: 67.3 +/- 14.1 and digoxin + atenolol: 65.0 +/- 9.4. Circadian patterns were significant in each treatment group (p < 0.001). The VR on digoxin + atenolol was significantly lower than that on digoxin (p < 0.0001), diltiazem (p < 0.0002) and atenolol (p < 0.001). The time of peak VR on Holter was significantly delayed with regimens 3 and 5 which included atenolol (p < 0.03). During exercise, digoxin and digoxin + atenolol treatments resulted in the highest and lowest mean VR respectively. The exercise Time-VR plots of all groups were nearly parallel (p = ns). The exercise duration was similar in all treatment groups (p = ns). CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that digoxin and diltiazem, as single agents at the doses tested, are least effective for controlling ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation during daily activity. Digoxin + atenolol produced the most effective rate control reflecting a synergistic effect on the AV node. The data provides a basis for testing the effects of chronic suppression of diurnal fluctuations of VR on left atrial and ventricular function in CAF. ) (C) 1999 by the American College of Cardiology. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Cardiol 111E, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. RP Singh, BN (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Div Cardiol 111E, 113021 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. OI Longmate, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0869-7928 NR 33 TC 183 Z9 191 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 33 IS 2 BP 304 EP 310 DI 10.1016/S0735-1097(98)00561-0 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 176YE UT WOS:000079179200003 PM 9973007 ER PT J AU Mahoney, JE Sager, MA Jalaluddin, M AF Mahoney, JE Sager, MA Jalaluddin, M TI Use of an ambulation assistive device predicts functional decline associated with hospitalization SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID ELDERLY MEDICAL PATIENTS; GERIATRIC CARE PROGRAM; OLDER PATIENTS; OUTCOMES; FALLS; TRIAL; RISK; BALANCE; ILLNESS; ADULTS AB Background Loss of functional independence occurs frequently with hospitalization. In community-dwelling elders, lower extremity disability is an important predictor of functional loss. Ambulation assistive devices (canes, walkers), as markers of lower extremity disability, may predict functional decline associated with hospitalization, but this has not been evaluated previously. We sought to determine the association of mobility impairment, as indicated by cane or walker use prehospitalization, with adverse outcomes at hospital discharge and 3 months post discharge. Methods. Subjects were community-dwelling adults (N = 1212) aged 70 and older, hospitalized for acute medical illness. The study was a secondary analysis of the Hospital Outcomes Project for the Elderly, a prospective randomized trial at three university and two private acute-care hospitals, which randomized patients to usual care or an intervention group designed to maintain functional abilities. Results. After controlling for demographic and illness-related characteristics and prehospital function, mobility impairment was significantly associated with functional decline. Use of a walker was associated with 2.8 times increased risk for decline in ADL function by hospital discharge (p = .0002). Three months after discharge, patients who used assistive devices prior to hospitalization were more likely to have declined in both ADLs (p = .02) and IADLs (p = .003). Conclusions. Hospitalized patients with mobility impairment, as indicated by use of a cane or a walker, are at high risk for functional decline. Such patients may benefit from more intensive in-hospital and post-hospital rehabilitative therapy to maintain function. C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biostat, Madison, WI USA. RP Mahoney, JE (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1 K08 AG00623-01] NR 29 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 1 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 54 IS 2 BP M83 EP M88 DI 10.1093/gerona/54.2.M83 PG 6 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 168TV UT WOS:000078709500012 PM 10051860 ER PT J AU Shaner, A AF Shaner, A TI Delusions, superstitious conditioning and chaotic dopamine neurodynamics SO MEDICAL HYPOTHESES LA English DT Article ID REINFORCEMENT; BEHAVIOR AB Excessive mesolimbic dopaminergic neurotransmission is closely related to the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia. A mathematical model of dopamine neuron firing rates, developed by King and others, suggests a mechanism by which excessive dopaminergic transmission could produce psychotic symptoms, especially delusions. In this model, firing rates varied chaotically when the efficacy of dopaminergic transmission was enhanced. Such noncontingent changes in firing rates in mesolimbic reward pathways could produce delusions by distorting thinking in the same way that non-contingent reinforcement produces superstitious conditioning. Though difficult to test in humans, the hypothesis is testable as an explanation for a common animal model of psychosis - amphetamine stereotypy in rats. The hypothesis predicts that: (1) amphetamine will cause chaotic firing rates in mesolimbic dopamine neurons; (2) non-contingent brain stimulation reward will produce stereotypy; (3) noncontingent microdialysis of dopamine into reward areas will produce stereotypy; and (4) dopamine antagonists will block all three effects. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Shaner, A (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM AShaner@UCLA.edu NR 19 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 6 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0306-9877 J9 MED HYPOTHESES JI Med. Hypotheses PD FEB PY 1999 VL 52 IS 2 BP 119 EP 123 DI 10.1054/mehy.1997.0656 PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 185UJ UT WOS:000079688900006 PM 10340292 ER PT J AU Samuels, SC Silverman, JM Marin, DB Peskind, ER Younki, SG Greenberg, DA Schnur, E Santoro, J Davis, KL AF Samuels, SC Silverman, JM Marin, DB Peskind, ER Younki, SG Greenberg, DA Schnur, E Santoro, J Davis, KL TI CSF beta-amyloid, cognition, and APOE genotype in Alzheimer's disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID APOLIPOPROTEIN-E EPSILON-4; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; PRECURSOR PROTEIN; LATE-ONSET; DEMENTIA; PEPTIDE; ALPHA-1-ANTICHYMOTRYPSIN; DEPOSITION; DIAGNOSIS; SEVERITY AB Objectives: We examined the relationship between CSF amyloid beta peptide (A beta) concentration and AD severity in 31 probable AD patients and explored whether APOE genotype modifies this relationship. Background: A beta deposition in AD brains has been correlated with disease severity and with APOE-epsilon 4 allele frequency. Few studies have examined the effects of APOE genotype on the relationship between CSF AP and disease severity in an antemortem sample. Methods: Patients carried the clinical diagnosis of probable AD and did not have serious medical illness, current or past diagnosis of mood disorder, schizophrenia or alcoholism, or current psychotic features. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was administered to the patient within 3 months of CSF collection. CSF was analyzed for A beta 1-40 and A beta 1-42 by sandwich ELISAs, and APOE genotype was determined by PCR run from blood. Correlations were performed between MMSE score and A beta 1-40 and A beta 1-42 concentrations while controlling for potential confounding variables. Results: CSF measures of A beta 1-40 and A beta 1-42 concentrations were correlated with each other (r = 0.56, df = 28, p < 0.01). CSF A beta 1-40 and A beta 1-42 concentrations were positively correlated with MMSE score. The negative association between CSF A beta measures and disease severity remained significant after controlling for age (A beta 1-40 and MMSE score: r = 0.46, df = 28, p = 0.01; A beta 1-42 and MMSE score: r = 0.35, df = 28, p = 0.05). Among the APOE-epsilon 3/3 homozygotes there was a significant positive correlation only between A beta 1-42 and MMSE score (A beta 1-42, r = 0.94, p = 0.02; A beta 1-40, r = 0.79, p = 0.11). Conclusions: We hypothesize that an increased deposition of Ap in plaques results in decreased CSF A beta concentration. The stronger relationship between MMSE score and CSF A beta, specifically in APOE-epsilon 3/3 homozygotes, suggests that patients with APOE-epsilon 3/3 genotype may have different pathogenic mechanisms than the other genotypes for A beta deposition or clearance. C1 Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. RP Samuels, SC (reprint author), CUNY, Mt Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1230, New York, NY 10029 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR00071]; NIA NIH HHS [AG-05136, AG-05138] NR 35 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD FEB PY 1999 VL 52 IS 3 BP 547 EP 551 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 165GQ UT WOS:000078512900019 PM 10025785 ER PT J AU Lecci, A De Giorgio, R Bartho, L Sternini, C Tramontana, M Corinaldesi, R Giuliani, S Maggi, CA AF Lecci, A De Giorgio, R Bartho, L Sternini, C Tramontana, M Corinaldesi, R Giuliani, S Maggi, CA TI Tachykinin NK1 receptor-mediated inhibitory responses in the guinea-pig small intestine SO NEUROPEPTIDES LA English DT Article ID SUBSTANCE-P; CIRCULAR MUSCLE; NITRIC-OXIDE; GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT; INTERSTITIAL-CELLS; DIGESTIVE-SYSTEM; MYENTERIC PLEXUS; IN-VIVO; RAT; INVOLVEMENT AB We used in vivo, in vitro studies and immunohistochemistry to elucidate the mechanisms activated by tachykinin NK1 receptors in evoking inhibitory motor response in the guinea-pig small intestine. In vivo, the selective NK1 receptor agonist GR 73,632 produced a dose-dependent suppression of the distension-induced duodenal contractions, and a decrease of basal tone. These effects were reduced by pretreatment with the NK1 receptor antagonist SR 140,333. In L-N omega-nitro-L-arginine methylesther hydrochloride-pretreated animals, the suppressant effect of GR 73,632 on duodenal contractions was reduced, whereas the relaxation of the basal tone was unaffected. In vitro, GR 73,632 evoked a biphasic response consisting of a transient, tetrodotoxin-sensitive inhibitory effect followed by tetrodotoxin-resistant contractions. SR 140,333 blocked both inhibitory and excitatory motor responses induced by GR 73,632. NK1 immunoreactivity was localized to myenteric and submucosal neurons and to interstitial cells of Cajal in the deep muscular plexus of the small intestine. NK1 receptor-expressing neurons had Dogiel type I morphology and many of them were beta-nicotinamide adenine phosphate dinucleotide-diaphorase-positive, indicating they are inhibitory neurons. In conclusion, in the guinea-pig small intestine, NK1 receptor stimulation evokes a myogenic excitatory motor response and a neurogenic inhibitory motor response that involves, at least in part, a nitrinergic pathway. C1 Menarini Ric, Pharmacol Res Dept, I-50131 Florence, Italy. Univ Bologna, Dept Internal Med & Gastroenterol, I-40126 Bologna, Italy. Univ Pecs, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Pecs, Hungary. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst,Dept Med, CURE Digest Dis Ctr,Digest Dis Div, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst,Dept Neurobiol, CURE Digest Dis Ctr,Digest Dis Div, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Lecci, A (reprint author), Menarini Ric, Pharmacol Res Dept, Via Sette Santi 3, I-50131 Florence, Italy. OI De Giorgio, Roberto/0000-0003-0867-5873 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41301, DK 54155] NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0143-4179 J9 NEUROPEPTIDES JI Neuropeptides PD FEB PY 1999 VL 33 IS 1 BP 91 EP 97 DI 10.1054/npep.1999.0019 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 198JE UT WOS:000080419700012 PM 10657476 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Vescio, RA AF Berenson, JR Vescio, RA TI HHV-8 and multiple myeloma SO PATHOLOGIE BIOLOGIE LA English DT Article DE multiple myeloma; HHV-8; dendritic cells ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; DENDRITIC CELLS; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; KSHV; IDENTIFICATION; ONCOGENE; PATHWAY; ANTIGEN AB Recently, a new member of the gamma-herpesvirus family, human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8), was identified in a case of Kaposi's sarcoma. This virus has also been found in the nonmalignant dendritic cells of the bone marrow from myeloma patients. In addition, HHV-8 is also detectable in the peripheral blood of most patients although its absence suggests earlier stage disease. By contrast, this virus is undetectable in the blood of family members and sexual partners of myeloma patients. Sequencing of HHV-8 open reading frames from myeloma patients show interpatient differences as well as consistent differences in the myeloma samples compared to HHV-8 in other malignancies associated with HHV-8 infection. Consistent expression of both the viral homologues of interferon regulatory factor and IL-8 receptor suggest a possible role for these transforming viral genes in the pathogenesis of myeloma. The latter gene is known to induce angiogenesis and preliminary studies show the abundance of vascular endothelial cells in the bone marrow of myeloma patients. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXPANSION SCI FRANCAISE PI PARIS PA 31 BLVD LATOUR MAUBOURG, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0369-8114 J9 PATHOL BIOL JI Pathol. Biol. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 47 IS 2 BP 115 EP 118 PG 4 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 177AP UT WOS:000079185300005 PM 10192878 ER PT J AU Nixon, RG Meyer, GE Brawer, MK AF Nixon, RG Meyer, GE Brawer, MK TI Differences in prostate size between patients from university and veterans affairs medical center populations SO PROSTATE LA English DT Article DE prostate; prostate cancer; benign prostatic hyperplasia; prostate-specific antigen; ultrasonography ID HYPERPLASIA; ALCOHOL; ANTIGEN; FEMINIZATION; FINASTERIDE; CARCINOMA; ETHANOL; CANCER; RISK; RAT AB BACKGROUND. Numerous studies on prostatic disease have been performed at Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Centers. Recent investigations evaluating early detection of prostate cancer provide insight that the average prostate volume may be different between patients with similar clinical findings who are from different hospital settings. The objective of this study was to compare prostate size between men from University and VA Medical Centers. METHODS. Patients were enrolled retrospectively from 1989-1996 from the Urology Clinics at a University and a VA Medical Center. All men underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided sextant biopsy of the prostate owing to either an elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level and/or abnormal digital rectal examination (DRE) detected prior to biopsy. Prostate volume was calculated using the ellipsoid three-diameter formula based on transrectal ultrasound measurements. RESULTS. There were 1,311 men included in the analysis: 717 were from the VA, and 594 were from the University. The average prostate volume was significantly smaller among VA patients both for men with cancer (P = 0.0004) and for men with no evidence of malignancy (P < 0.0001). Overall, the average prostate volume was 38.5 cm(3) (median, 32.5 cm(3)) among men from the VA compared to 46.8 cm(3) (median, 39.3 cm(3)) among men from the University Medical Center. Men from the VA were older (mean +/- SD = 68 +/- 7.3) than men from the University (mean +/- SD = 66 +/- 7.7) (P = 0.004) and there was no significant difference in PSA levels between the two groups of patients (P = 0.11). Intriguingly, the incidence of cancer was significantly lower at the VA (24.5%) compared to the University (35.9%) (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS. The variance in prostate size suggests that there are significant differences between the two patient populations. Proposed factors leading to this discrepancy include differences-in socioeconomic factors, environmental factors, and changes in hormonal milieu related to alcohol and tobacco use. These results may have significant implications regarding, the interpretation and extrapolation of results from previous studies performed at a single hospital setting. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 NW Prostate Inst, Seattle, WA USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Urol Surg, Nashville, TN USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Brawer, MK (reprint author), Northwest Hosp, NW Prostate Inst, 1560 N 115th St,Suite 209, Seattle, WA 98133 USA. EM mbrawer@nwhsea.org NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0270-4137 J9 PROSTATE JI Prostate PD FEB 1 PY 1999 VL 38 IS 2 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0045(19990201)38:2<144::AID-PROS8>3.0.CO;2-2 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Urology & Nephrology GA 160WR UT WOS:000078255200008 PM 9973100 ER PT J AU Kebebew, E Tresler, PA Siperstein, AE Duh, QY Clark, OH AF Kebebew, E Tresler, PA Siperstein, AE Duh, QY Clark, OH TI Normal thyroid pathology in patients undergoing thyroidectomy for finding a RETgene germline mutation: A report of three cases and review of the literature SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA; RET PROTOONCOGENE; FAMILIES; TYPE-2; CARCINOMA; 2A; RISK AB Genetic screening for germline RET proto-oncogene mutation in hereditary medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is accurate and allows for preventive total thyroidectomy to be performed early in patients who are gene carriers. We report 3 children who underwent preventive total thyroidectomy based on the finding of a RETgene germline mutation, but who had no evidence of MTC or C-cell hyperplasia on permanent histology, even after calcitonin immunostaining. Review of the English literature of patients undergoing preventive thyroidectomy for a positive RETgene germline mutation, shows that 3.4% of these patients (a total of 209 patients) had normal thyroid glands. Also, 8.6% of patients undergoing preventive total thyroidectomy with prophylactic central neck node dissection had cervical node metastases. We conclude that preventive thyroidectomy in patients screened early for germline RETgene mutation allows for earlier diagnosis and treatment of patients, sometimes even before any hyperplasia or neoplasia can be demonstrated because cervical node metastases can occur early and be demonstrated even with small tumors (< 1 cm), we recommend prophylactic central neck node dissection at the time of preventive thyroidectomy. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Surg Serv, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA USA. Surg Serv, San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Clark, OH (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Mt Zion Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Surg, 1600 Divisadero St, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 17 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD FEB PY 1999 VL 9 IS 2 BP 127 EP 131 DI 10.1089/thy.1999.9.127 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 171XH UT WOS:000078889200005 PM 10090311 ER PT J AU Jordan, PH Kinner, BM AF Jordan, PH Kinner, BM TI New look at epiphrenic diverticula SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; ESOPHAGUS AB Twenty-five patients with epiphrenica diverticula were studied to clarify the mechanism for esophageal regurgitation and to evaluate methods of treatment. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, esophageal motility, and cineradiographic studies were performed. With probes in the tubular esophagus and diverticula of two patients, motility and cineradiographic studies were performed simultaneously to correlate symptoms and pressure changes with movement of diverticular and esophageal contents. Nineteen patients were operated, and six relatively asymptomatic patients were not. There was no operative mortality, and the one esophageal fistula that occurred healed spontaneously. Results were excellent or good in 10 operated patients followed long term after resection or imbrication of the diverticula. Eight patients did not undergo myotomy. Results in four of these patients follow ed long term were excellent. Retrograde movement of diverticular contents into the esophagus depends on pouch volume and a pressure gradient between the pouch and the tubular esophagus after an esophageal contraction wave in the tubular esophagus has dissipated. The height of esophageal reflux and resulting symptoms depend on these factors and the lower esophageal sphincter pressure (LESP). Asymptomatic patients with an epiphrenic diverticulum do not require operation. Resection or imbrication of a diverticulum are the operative methods of treatment. We prefer the abdominal approach when this is possible. Myotomy in contraindicated when gastroesophageal reflux exists or the LESP is below normal. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Vet Adm Hosp, Dept Pathol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Jordan, PH (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Surg, Suite 1860,6560 Fannin St, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 15 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD FEB PY 1999 VL 23 IS 2 BP 147 EP 152 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 157KM UT WOS:000078060100007 PM 9880423 ER PT J AU Whittum-Hudson, JA Gerard, HC Clayburne, G Schumacher, HR Hudson, AP AF Whittum-Hudson, JA Gerard, HC Clayburne, G Schumacher, HR Hudson, AP TI A non-invasive murine model of chlamydia-induced reactive arthritis SO REVUE DU RHUMATISME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Bacterial Infection and Related Arthritides CY DEC 12, 1997 CL BORDEAUX, FRANCE ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; REITERS-SYNDROME; SYNOVIAL TISSUE; TRACHOMATIS; INFECTION; ANTIGEN; MICE; IMMUNIZATION; DISEASE C1 Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Hudson, AP (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Gordon Scott Hall,540 E Canfield Ave, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY-03324]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR-42541] NR 19 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU EXPANSION SCI FRANCAISE PI PARIS PA 31 BLVD LATOUR MAUBOURG, 75007 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1169-8446 J9 REV RHUM JI Rev. Rhum. PD JAN 30 PY 1999 VL 66 IS 1 SU S BP 50S EP 56S PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 165EW UT WOS:000078508100012 PM 10063526 ER PT J AU Kobashigawa, JA Leaf, DA Lee, N Gleeson, MP Liu, HH Hamilton, MA Moriguchi, JD Kawata, N Einhorn, K Herlihy, E Laks, H AF Kobashigawa, JA Leaf, DA Lee, N Gleeson, MP Liu, HH Hamilton, MA Moriguchi, JD Kawata, N Einhorn, K Herlihy, E Laks, H TI A controlled trial of exercise rehabilitation after heart transplantation SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ORTHOTOPIC CARDIAC TRANSPLANTATION; REST; REJECTION; FAILURE AB Background In patients who have received a cardiac transplant, the denervated donor heart responds abnormally to exercise and exercise tolerance is reduced. The role of physical exercise in the treatment of patients who have undergone cardiac transplantation has not been determined. We assessed the effects of training on the capacity for exercise early after cardiac transplantation. Methods Twenty-seven patients who were discharged within two weeks after receiving a heart transplant were randomly assigned to participate in a six-month structured cardiac-rehabilitation program (exercise group, 14 patients) or to undergo unstructured therapy at home (control group,13 patients). Each patient in the exercise group underwent an individualized program of muscular-strength and aerobic training under the guidance of a physical therapist, whereas control patients received no formal exercise training. Cardiopulmonary stress testing was performed at base line (within one month after heart transplantation) and six months later. Results As compared with the control group, the exercise group had significantly greater increases in peak oxygen consumption (mean increase, 4.4 mi per kilogram of body weight per minute [49 percent] vs. 1.9 ml per kilogram per minute [18 percent]; P = 0.01) and workload (mean increase, 35 W [59 percent] vs. 12 W [18 percent]; P = 0.01) and a greater reduction in the ventilatory equivalent for carbon dioxide (mean decrease, 13 [20 percent] vs. 6 [11 percent]; P = 0.02). The mean dose of prednisone, the number of patients taking antihypertensive medications, the average number of episodes of rejection and of infection during the study period, and weight gain did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusions When initiated early after cardiac transplantation, exercise training increases the capacity for physical work. (N Engl J Med 1999;340: 272-7.) (C) 1999, Massachusetts Medical Society. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Cardiothorac Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Dept Rehabil Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Kobashigawa, JA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Sci 47 123, Div Cardiol, 10833 Leconte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 21 TC 124 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 9 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 340 IS 4 BP 272 EP 277 DI 10.1056/NEJM199901283400404 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 161YU UT WOS:000078318700004 PM 9920951 ER PT J AU Sweetser, DA Froelick, GJ Matsumoto, AM Kafer, KE Marck, B Palmiter, RD Kapur, RP AF Sweetser, DA Froelick, GJ Matsumoto, AM Kafer, KE Marck, B Palmiter, RD Kapur, RP TI Ganglioneuromas and renal anomalies are induced by activated RETMEN2B in transgenic mice SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE ganglioneuroma; ret proto-oncogene; multiple endocrine neoplasia; renal agenesis; neuroblastoma; transgenic; autonomic nervous system ID MEDULLARY-THYROID CARCINOMA; TYROSINE KINASE DOMAIN; ENTERIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NEOPLASIA TYPE 2B; RET PROTOONCOGENE; CELL-LINE; C-RET; SYMPATHOADRENAL LINEAGE; SYMPATHETIC NEUROBLASTS; KIDNEY DEVELOPMENT AB Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B (MEN2B) is an autosomal dominant syndrome characterized by the development of medullary thyroid carcinoma, pheochromocytomas, musculoskeletal anomalies and mucosal ganglioneuromas, MEN2B is caused by a specific mutation (Met918 --> Thr) in the RET receptor tyrosine kinase, Different mutations of RET lead to other conditions including MEN2A, familial medullary thyroid carcinoma and intestinal aganglionosis (Hirschsprung disease). Transgenic mice were created using the dopamine beta-hydroxylase promoter to direct expression of RETMEN2B the developing sympathetic and enteric nervous systems and the adrenal medulla, D beta H-RETMEN2B transgenic mice developed benign neuroglial tumors, histologically identical to human ganglioneuromas, in their sympathetic nervous systems and adrenal glands. The enteric nervous system was not affected. The neoplasms in D beta H-RETMEN2B mice were similar to benign neuroglial tumors induced in transgenic mice by activated Ras expression under control of the same promoter, Levels of phoshorylated MAP kinase were not increased in the RETMEN2B-induced neurolgial proliferations, suggesting that alternative pathways may play a role in the pathogenesis of these lesions, Transgenic mice with the highest levels of D beta H-RETMEN2B expression, unexpectedly developed renal malformations analogous to those reported with loss of function mutations in the Ret gene. C1 Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Howard Hughes Med Inst, Dept Biochem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Populat Ctr Res Reprod, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Sweetser, DA (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, 1100 Fairview Ave N,C1-169, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [T32CA09351]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD12629]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01DK52530] NR 54 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JAN 28 PY 1999 VL 18 IS 4 BP 877 EP 886 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1202376 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 165FT UT WOS:000078510600004 PM 10023663 ER PT J AU Chandrasekar, B Mitchell, DH Colston, JT Freeman, GL AF Chandrasekar, B Mitchell, DH Colston, JT Freeman, GL TI Regulation of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein, interleukin-6, interleukin-6 receptor, and gp130 expression during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE myocardial ischemia; interleukins; receptors; reperfusion ID NUCLEAR FACTOR; KAPPA-B; IL-6; RNA; ACTIVATION; INDUCTION; NF-IL6; CELLS AB Background-Interleukin (IL)-6 is elevated in myocardium after ischemia and reperfusion. The IL-6 promoter/enhancer region contains response elements for nuclear factor-kappa B, AP-1, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), Expression and regulation of C/EBP in rat myocardium after ischemia and reperfusion has not been defined, nor has the behavior of the specific IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) or the signal transducer gp130. Methods and Results-C/EBP DNA binding activity was not detected in shams or in previously ischemic tissue at 15 minutes of reperfusion; it was detected at 30 minutes of reperfusion, increased at 1 hour of reperfusion, and declined by 6 hours of reperfusion, A supershift was observed with anti-C/EBP-beta but not with anti-alpha or anti-delta antibodies, mRNA and protein levels of IL-6 and gp130 were detected at low levels in controls, increased at 1 hour of reperfusion, and remained high until 6 hours of reperfusion. IL-6R mRNA and protein were not detected in controls, but its mRNA was induced at 1 hour of reperfusion and its protein at 2 hours of reperfusion, Although effects of reperfusion were rapid, in ischemic tissue not reperfused, low levels of C/EBP were detected at 4 hours, and at 24 hours the levels were slightly elevated. Significant upregulation in IL-6, IL-6R, and gp130 occurred only at 24 hours of sustained ischemia. Conclusions-Reperfusion after a brief period of ischemia caused induction of myocardial C/EBP (beta-subunit). The rapid and sustained production of IL-6 with concomitant expression of IL-6 receptor and gp130 suggest that these factors may participate in a local inflammatory cascade after myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Freeman, GL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 22 TC 83 Z9 90 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD JAN 26 PY 1999 VL 99 IS 3 BP 427 EP 433 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 160BW UT WOS:000078211300017 PM 9918531 ER PT J AU Back, A AF Back, A TI Responding to patient requests for physician-assisted suicide SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Back, A (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JAN 20 PY 1999 VL 281 IS 3 BP 227 EP 227 DI 10.1001/jama.281.3.227 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 157GK UT WOS:000078052800012 PM 9918468 ER PT J AU Ebrahimi, SA Wang, EH Wu, A Schreck, RR Passaro, E Sawicki, MP AF Ebrahimi, SA Wang, EH Wu, A Schreck, RR Passaro, E Sawicki, MP TI Deletion of chromosome 1 predicts prognosis in pancreatic endocrine tumors SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME; NEOPLASIA TYPE-2; GASTRINOMA; GENE; HETEROZYGOSITY; REGION; HYPERPARATHYROIDISM; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMAS; NEUROBLASTOMA; LOCALIZATION AB Endocrine tumors, such as parathyroid adenomas and pheochromocytomas, frequently have deletions of chromosome 1, suggesting that inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene from chromosome 1 is important in their tumorigenesis, We hypothesized that deletion of chromosome 1 may contribute to pancreatic endocrine tumor formation. Twenty-nine sporadic and MEN1 pancreatic endocrine tumors were studied for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) with 12 chromosome 1 microsatellite markers. LOH on chromosome 1 was identified in 10 of 29 (34%) tumors studied. Allele loss occurred more frequently in tumors with hepatic metastases (7 of 8) than tumors without metastases (3 of 21) (P = 0.004), Tumors in patients with lymph node involvement and patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I did not demonstrate LOH for chromosome 1 markers, These data suggest that loss of chromosome 1 is associated specifically with the development of hepatic metastases in patients with sporadic pancreatic endocrine tumors. C1 W Los Angeles Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg 112, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. RP Sawicki, MP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg 112, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 22 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI BIRMINGHAM PA PO BOX 11806, BIRMINGHAM, AL 35202 USA SN 0008-5472 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 59 IS 2 BP 311 EP 315 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 158AB UT WOS:000078092900011 PM 9927038 ER PT J AU Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU Huynh, L Chen, K Shih, JC AF Holschneider, DP Scremin, OU Huynh, L Chen, K Shih, JC TI Lack of protection from ischemic injury of monoamine oxidase B-deficient mice following middle cerebral artery occlusion SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE focal cerebral ischemia; monoamine oxidase B; L-deprenyl; neuroprotection ID TRANSIENT FOREBRAIN ISCHEMIA; PYRAMIDAL CELLS; BRAIN-DAMAGE; L-DEPRENYL; PHENYLETHYLAMINE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INHIBITION; HYPOXIA AB Adult male wild-type mice received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of saline (n = 9) or 10 mg/kg L-deprenyl (n = 9) three times a week for 3 weeks. Mice with targeted inactivation of the monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) gene received i.p. administration of saline (n = 8). Animals underwent ligation of the left common and external carotid arteries, followed by cauterization of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. Twenty-four hours post-surgery, all groups showed right torsion of the torso but no evidence of limb weakness, lateral instability, or circling. Ischemic changes were assessed from digitized video-images of serial sections of the brain stained with Hematoxylin/Eosin. No significant group differences were detected in infarct Volume (14-18% of ipsilateral cortex) or in the extent of brain edema (4-7% increase in ipsilateral hemispheric swelling with respect to contralateral side). Our results suggest that absence of the MAO-B gene or inhibition of the enzyme with L-deprenyl are not protective or detrimental in an animal model of acute cortical infarction. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USC, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Pharm, Dept Mol Pharmacol & Toxicol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. USC, Sch Med, Dept Cell & Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Holschneider, DP (reprint author), USC, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [5-K12-AG-00521]; NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH 37020, R37 MH39085] NR 19 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD JAN 15 PY 1999 VL 259 IS 3 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1016/S0304-3940(98)00819-2 PG 4 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 162GY UT WOS:000078338600007 PM 10025583 ER PT J AU Awumey, EM Moonga, BS Sodam, BR Koval, AP Adebanjo, OA Kumegawa, M Zaidi, M Epstein, S AF Awumey, EM Moonga, BS Sodam, BR Koval, AP Adebanjo, OA Kumegawa, M Zaidi, M Epstein, S TI Molecular and functional evidence for calcineurin-A alpha and beta isoforms in the osteoclast: Novel insights into cyclosporin A action on bone resorption SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; RAT OSTEOCLASTS; PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE; CHICK OSTEOCLASTS; CALCITONIN; INHIBITION; FK506; INVITRO; CALCIUM AB We provide the first molecular evidence for the presence of a functional serine/threonine phosphatase, calcineurin-A (CN-A), in the osteoclast. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of an osteoclast cDNA library, together with restriction mapping, revealed two isoform sequences, alpha and beta. We then examined the functionality of the detected CN-A by assessing the effect of a classical antagonist, cyclosporin A (CsA), in the osteoclast resorption (pit) assay. CsA (0.1 and I mu g ml(-1)) potently inhibited bone resorption. The presence of lymphocytes, with or without prior exposure to CsA in vivo, failed to reverse the CsA-induced resorption-inhibition. Expectedly, CsA had no direct effect on cytosolic Ca2+ levels in fura-a-loaded osteoclasts. These studies are a prelude to further investigations into the possible role of CN-A in osteoclast regulation. Finally, mechanistic studies on the bone effects of CsA, a widely used immunosupressant, should proceed from these observations. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med,Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Awumey, EM (reprint author), Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med,Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 14917-02]; NIAMS NIH HHS [R01 AR 42877-01-A1] NR 27 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 8 PY 1999 VL 254 IS 1 BP 248 EP 252 DI 10.1006/bbrc.1998.9785 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 158XB UT WOS:000078141800044 PM 9920765 ER PT J AU Calsyn, DA Saxon, AJ AF Calsyn, DA Saxon, AJ TI An innovative approach to reducing cannabis use in a subset of methadone maintenance clients SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE methadone maintenance; cannabis; contingent reinforcement; take home doses ID ILLICIT DRUG-USE AB Cannabis use rates among methadone maintenance clients are high. We attempted to decrease cannabis use in our most stable clients by adding a requirement to the take home dose policy that clients provide cannabis free urines to achieve twice a week pick up status (2 x /week). The urine records and take home status of all clients were monitored for the 6 months prior to implementation of the policy change and 1 year following. A total of four of eight clients (50%) on 2 x /week status who were using cannabis discontinued their use in order to maintain 2 x /week status or to return to 2 x /week status if it had been lost. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Calsyn, DA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD JAN 7 PY 1999 VL 53 IS 2 BP 167 EP 169 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(98)00121-5 PG 3 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 161VC UT WOS:000078309500008 PM 10080042 ER PT S AU Sims, RV McGwin, G Pulley, L Roseman, JM Owsley, C AF Sims, RV McGwin, G Pulley, L Roseman, JM Owsley, C GP AAAM AAAM TI Mobility impairments in crash-involved older drivers SO 43RD ANNUAL PROCEEDINGS - ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF AUTOMOTIVE MEDICINE SE PROCEEDINGS - ANNUAL CONFERENCE OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF AUTOMOTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Association-for-the-Advancement-of-Automotive-Medicine CY SEP 20-21, 1999 CL BARCELONA, SPAIN SP Assoc Advancement Automotive Med ID MOTOR-VEHICLE CRASH; RISK-FACTORS; SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY; COMMUNITY; PREDICTOR; ADULTS; DEPENDENCE; FALLS AB We examined associations of functional impairments with vehicle crashes using telephone interviews of 244 elderly at-fault crash involved Mobile County, Alabama, drivers and 475 crash free controls, frequency matched on age and gender. Police-investigated crash reports filed in 1996 were obtained from the Alabama Department of Public Safety. After controlling for potential confounding, reported difficulty walking greater than or equal to 1/2 mile (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2, 3.6), moving outdoors (OR 2.7; 95% CI 1.1, 7.0), and increasing numbers of activity limitations (p for trend=0.04) were associated with crash involvement. A 50% increased odds of crashing was observed for subjects reporting prior fans. C1 Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr Med, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. RP Sims, RV (reprint author), Birmingham Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr Med, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC ADVANCEMENT AUTOMOTIVE MEDICINE PI BARRINGTON PA PO BOX 4176, BARRINGTON, IL 60011-4176 USA SN 0892-6484 J9 P ANN C ASS PY 1999 BP 203 EP 212 PG 10 WC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Surgery; Transportation SC Emergency Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Surgery; Transportation GA BN83Y UT WOS:000083146300014 ER PT J AU Green, MF Nuechterlein, KH AF Green, MF Nuechterlein, KH TI Backward masking performance as an indicator of vulnerability to schizophrenia SO ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; visual perception; cognition ID NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS; PATTERN MASKING; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DISORDERS; CHANNELS; CHILDREN; MANIA; RISK AB Several types of design have been used to identify neurocognitive measures that indicate vulnerability to schizophrenia rather than the presence of the illness. These designs include studies of first-degree relatives of patients, studies of patients in symptomatic remission, and studies of subjects who are considered to be prone to psychosis. The backward masking procedure is one promising indicator of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Backward masking is a procedure in which identification of an initial stimulus (the target) is disrupted by a later stimulus (the mask). Schizophrenic patients show performance deficits on backward masking. Unaffected siblings of patients, remitted patients, and individuals prone to psychosis also show performance deficits on backward masking. This pattern of results suggests that backward masking is a promising indicator of vulnerability to schizophrenia. It provides an alternative phenotype for schizophrenia that is separate from the disorder. The composite nature of masking procedures helps investigators to parse a performance deficit into its smallest meaningful elements and relate them to vulnerability to schizophrenia. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Green, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 760 Westwood Plaza,C9-420, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0001-690X J9 ACTA PSYCHIAT SCAND JI Acta Psychiatr. Scand. PY 1999 VL 99 SU 395 BP 34 EP 40 DI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1999.tb05981.x PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 179YZ UT WOS:000079359100006 ER PT J AU Emanuele, NV LaPaglia, N Steiner, J Kirsteins, L Emanuele, MA AF Emanuele, NV LaPaglia, N Steiner, J Kirsteins, L Emanuele, MA TI Reversal of chronic ethanol-induced testosterone suppression in peripubertal male rats by opiate blockade SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE chronic EtOH; adolescent; testosterone; naltrexone; LH ID HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE; PITUITARY-HORMONES; FEMALE RAT; ALCOHOL; EXPRESSION; LHRH AB Teenage drinking continues to be a significant problem in the U.S., as well as abroad. We have previously demonstrated that opiate blockade with naltrexone, a drug currently used in patients to diminish alcohol craving, prevented the fall in serum testosterone seen after acute ethanol (EtOH) exposure in young, peripubertal male rats. To follow-up on this reversal, a series of experiments was performed to determine if naltrexone would also prevent the testosterone suppression caused by chronic EtOH exposure. Peripubertal rats either 45 days old (mid-pubertal) or 55 days old (late pubertal) were fed an EtOH-containing liquid diet or pair-fed control diet for 14 days, Each animal was implanted with either a naltrexone containing or placebo pellet before starting the liquid diet. In each age group, EtOH alone significantly suppressed testosterone, whereas naltrexone prevented this fall, although it had no effect alone. Serum luteinizing hormone was also suppressed by EtOH; however, naltrexone did not abrogate this fall. In the 45-day-old animals, beta-luteinizing hormone mRNA levels rose significantly in the ROH group, but not when naltrexone was coadministered with EtOH, There was no change in hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) mRNA, pro-LHRH, or LHRH in any group at either age. Thus, naltrexone is able to partially prevent the EtOH-induced suppression of gonadal testosterone of young, adolescent male rats, This effect appears to be mediated directly at gonadal level, because hypothalamic and pituitary hormone changes were minor and nonsignificant. C1 Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol & Cellular Biochem, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Program Mol Biol, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Div Res Drugs Abuse, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Res Serv, Hines, IL 60141 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Med Serv, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Emanuele, MA (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, 2160 S 1st Ave, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. FU SAMHSA HHS [2POAA08661-06] NR 23 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JAN PY 1999 VL 23 IS 1 BP 60 EP 66 DI 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04024.x PG 7 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 162CH UT WOS:000078327500009 PM 10029204 ER PT J AU Aleynik, MK Leo, MA Aleynik, SI Lieber, CS AF Aleynik, MK Leo, MA Aleynik, SI Lieber, CS TI Polyenylphosphatidylcholine opposes the increase of cytochrome P-4502E1 by ethanol and corrects its iron-induced decrease SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cytochrome P-4502E1; ethanol; iron; oxidative stress; polyenylphosphatidylcholine ID RAT-LIVER MICROSOMES; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXIDIZING SYSTEM; POLYUNSATURATED LECITHIN; HEPATIC-FIBROSIS; ALCOHOL; OVERLOAD; 2E1; HYPERLIPEMIA; METABOLISM AB Dietary iron overload damages membrane phospholipids and decreases microsomal cytochromes P-450, We wondered whether this might also pertain to cytochrome P-45ME1 (2E1) and whether polyenylphosphatidylcholine (PPC), a 94-96% pure mixture of linoleate-rich polyunsaturated phosphatidylcholines that protects against alcohol-induced liver injury, also affects 2E1, either in the presence or absence of iron. Accordingly, rats were fed for 8 weeks our standard liquid diet containing ethanol (36% of energy) or isocaloric carbohydrates, with either PPC (3 g/1000 Gal) or equivalent amounts of linoleate las safflower oil). 2E1 was assessed by Western blots and by two of its characteristic enzyme activities: the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS], evaluated by the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde (determined by head space GC), and p-nitrophenolhydroxylase (PNP) activity, measured by HPLC with UV detection of 4-nitrocatechol. With ethanol (36% of energy] replacing carbohydrates, 2E1 content increased 10-fold, with a corresponding increase in PNP and MEOS activities, but when carbonyl iron (5 g/1000 Gal) was added, the induction was significantly reduced. This iron-induced decrease was corrected by PPC, PPC is rich in linoleate, but when the latter was given as triglycerides (safflower oil), there was no effect, whereas hepatic nonheme iron content was the same in both these groups, It also was found that in the absence of iron, the ethanol-mediated induction of 2E1 and its corresponding enzyme activities were significantly less with PPC (p < 0.001) than with safflower oil, In addition, in alcohol-fed animals, PPC decreased the oxidative stress las determined by F-2-isoprostanes), which reflects yet another hepatoprotective effect of PPC. C1 Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment 151 2, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. RP Lieber, CS (reprint author), Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Alcohol Res & Treatment 151 2, 130 W Kingsbridge Rd, Bronx, NY 10468 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA07275, AA11115, AA05934] NR 46 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD JAN PY 1999 VL 23 IS 1 BP 96 EP 100 DI 10.1097/00000374-199901000-00013 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 162CH UT WOS:000078327500013 PM 10029208 ER PT B AU Faber, RA Negro, PJ AF Faber, RA Negro, PJ BE Iqbal, K Swaab, DF Winblad, B Wisniewski, HM TI Propantheline enhances tolerability of tacrine SO ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE AND RELATED DISORDERS: ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Conference on Alzheimers Disease and Related Disorders CY JUL 18-23, 1998 CL AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Faber, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, 116A,7400 Merton Minter, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, WEST SUSSEX, ENGLAND BN 0-471-98683-6 PY 1999 BP 657 EP 660 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA BM93Q UT WOS:000080188100074 ER PT J AU Abrass, CK Berfield, AK Stehman-Breen, C Alpers, CE Davis, CL AF Abrass, CK Berfield, AK Stehman-Breen, C Alpers, CE Davis, CL TI Unique changes in interstitial extracellular matrix composition are associated with rejection and cyclosporine toxicity in human renal allograft biopsies SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE cyclosporine; rejection; renal allograft; COL4A3; laminin; collagen; interstitial fibrosis ID BASEMENT-MEMBRANE COLLAGEN; MESSENGER-RNA; IV COLLAGEN; KIDNEY; CELLS; LAMININ; NEPHROTOXICITY; NEPHROPATHY; RECIPIENTS; EXPRESSION AB Renal allograft loss from chronic rejection or cyclosporine toxicity (CsAT) is characterized by progressive interstitial fibrosis, yet the protein composition of these lesions is unknown, The normal tubular basement membrane (TBM) contains laminin (LM), collagen IV (containing collagen IV alpha chain 1 [COL4A1] and COL4A2), thrombospondin (TSP), and fibronectin (FN), Only TSP and FN extend beyond the TBM into the interstitial space, Very scanty amounts of interstitial collagens (I and III) are detected in the interstitium, In a pilot study of human renal allograft biopsy specimens, three patterns of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition were identified. Pattern 1 showed no change in ECM composition; pattern 2 showed generalized accumulation of collagens I and III in the interstitium; and pattern 3 showed new expression of COL4A3 and LM-beta 3 in the proximal TBM, Criteria were established for the clinicopathological diagnosis of CsAT and rejection, These diagnoses were correlated with the ECM composition in 22 renal allograft biopsy specimens. Control groups were examined in a similar manner and included native kidney biopsy specimens from patients with other allografts (n = 7), renal biopsy specimens from patients with glomerular disease (n = 9), and renal allograft biopsy specimens from patients without clinicopathological evidence of renal disease. These data show that rejection is associated with pattern 3 and CsAT is associated with pattern 2, Thus, detection of ECM composition may be a useful adjunct to standard microscopy in distinguishing rejection from CsAT in renal allograft biopsy specimens. These data suggest that interstitial fibrosis associated with rejection and CsAT result from different pathogenic mechanisms. This is a US government work, There are no restrictions on its use. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Div Transplantat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Abrass, CK (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK35142, R01 DK39871, R01 DK47659] NR 28 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 33 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70252-0 PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 155VH UT WOS:000077966700003 PM 9915262 ER PT J AU Means, RT AF Means, RT TI Neocytolysis: From outer space to the dialysis unit SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID ERYTHROPOIETIN; SURVIVAL C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Means, RT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Hematol Oncol, Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 NR 6 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 33 IS 1 BP 140 EP 141 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70271-4 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 155VH UT WOS:000077966700022 PM 9915281 ER PT J AU Ashton, CM Petersen, NJ Souchek, J Menke, TJ Pietz, K Yu, HJ Wray, NP AF Ashton, CM Petersen, NJ Souchek, J Menke, TJ Pietz, K Yu, HJ Wray, NP TI Rates of health services utilization and survival in patients with heart failure in the Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Care System SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL QUALITY LA English DT Article ID ELDERLY PATIENTS; EARLY READMISSION; MANAGEMENT; PATTERNS; OUTCOMES; QUALITY; TRENDS AB The objective of this study was to describe patterns of hospital and clinic use and survival for a large nationwide cohort of patients with heart failure. A retrospective co hort study of patients treated in the Veterans Affairs medical care system was conducted using linked administrative databases as data sources. In 1996, the average heart failure cohort member had 1-2 hospitalizations, 14 inpatient days, 6-7 visits with the primary physician, 15 other visits for consultations or tests, and 1-2 urgent care visits per 12 months. The overall risk-adjusted 5-year survival rate was 36%. Hospital use rates in the cohort fell dramatically between 1992 and 1996. One-year survival rates increased slightly over the period. Patients with heart failure are heavy users of services and have a very poor prognosis. Utilization and outcome data indicate the need for major efforts to assure quality of care and to devise innovative ways of delivering comprehensive services. C1 VA Med Ctr 152, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA HSR&D Field Program, Ctr Qual Care & Utilizat Studies, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Ashton, CM (reprint author), VA Med Ctr 152, 2002 Holcombe, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER COLLEGE MEDICAL QUALITY PI BETHESDA PA 4334 MONTGOMERY AVE, 2ND FL, BETHESDA, MD 20814-4402 USA SN 1062-8606 J9 AM J MED QUAL JI Am. J. Med. Qual. PD JAN-FEB PY 1999 VL 14 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 DI 10.1177/106286069901400108 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 255YH UT WOS:000083697400008 PM 10446664 ER PT J AU Akiba, Y Kaunitz, JD AF Akiba, Y Kaunitz, JD TI Regulation of intracellular pH and blood flow in rat duodenal epithelium in vivo SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epithelial cells; in vivo microscopy; fluorescent dyes; amiloride analogs; laser-Doppler flowmetry ID BICARBONATE SECRETION; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; HYDROCHLORIC-ACID; MUCOSAL PERMEABILITY; BARRIER FUNCTION; RABBIT DUODENUM; SENSORY NERVES; LASER-DOPPLER; LUMINAL ACID; IN-VITRO AB Duodenal mucosal defense was assessed by measuring blood flow and epithelial intracellular pH (pH(i)) of rat proximal duodenum in vivo. Fluorescence microscopy was used to measure epithelial pH(i) using the trapped, pH(i)-indicating dye 2',7'-bis(2-carboxyethyl)-5(6)carboxyfluorescein-AM. Blood flow was measured with laser-Doppler flowmetry. The mucosa was briefly superfused with NH4Cl, pH 2.2 buffer, the potent Na+/H+ exchange inhibitor 5-(N,N-dimethyl)-amiloride (DMA), or the anion exchange and Na+-HCO3- cotransport inhibitor DIDS. Cryostat sections localized dye fluorescence to the villus tip. Steady-state pH(i) was 7.02 +/- 0.01, which remained stable for 60 min. Interventions that load the cells with protons without affecting superfusate pH (NH4Cl prepulse, nigericin with low superfusate K+ concentration, DMA, and DIDS) all decreased pH(i), supporting our contention that the dye was faithfully measuring pH(i). An acid pulse decreased pH(i), followed by a DIDS-inhibitable overshoot over baseline. Intracellular acidification increased duodenal blood flow independent of superfusate pH, which was inhibited by DMA, but not by DIDS. We conclude that we have established a novel in vivo microscopy system enabling simultaneous measurements of pHi and blood flow of duodenal epithelium. Na+/H+ exchange and Na+-HCO3- cotransport regulate baseline duodenal epithelial pHi. Intracellular acidification enhances duodenal blood flow by a unique, amiloride-inhibitable, superfusate pH-independent mechanism. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kaunitz, JD (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 114,Rm 217, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 53 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 276 IS 1 BP G293 EP G302 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 158DT UT WOS:000078101300037 PM 9887007 ER PT J AU Tuvim, MJ Adachi, R Chocano, JF Moore, RH Lampert, RM Zera, E Romero, E Knoll, BJ Dickey, BF AF Tuvim, MJ Adachi, R Chocano, JF Moore, RH Lampert, RM Zera, E Romero, E Knoll, BJ Dickey, BF TI Rab3D, a small GTPase, is localized on mast cell secretory granules and translocates to the plasma membrane upon exocytosis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BINDING PROTEIN; CA2+-DEPENDENT EXOCYTOSIS; NEUROENDOCRINE CELLS; SYNAPTIC VESICLES; ENDOSOME FUSION; EXPRESSION; INVOLVEMENT; ASSOCIATION; TRAFFICKING; ENDOCYTOSIS AB Although mast cell secretion has been intensively studied because of its pivotal role in allergic reactions and its advantages as a physiologic model: the molecular composition of the secretory machine is virtually unknown. In view of the guanine-nucleotide dependency of mast cell exocytosis and the participation of Rab3 proteins in synaptic vesicle release, we hypothesized that a Rab3 isoform regulates mast cell secretion. Fragments of Rab3A, 3B, and 3D were cloned from RBL-2H3 mast cells by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Northern blot analysis revealed Rab3D transcripts to be relatively abundant, Rab3B substantially less so, and Rab3A and 3C undetectable. By ribonuclease (RNase) protection assay, Rab3D transcripts were at least 10-fold more abundant than those of other isoforms, and by immunoblot analysis, Rab3D protein was at least 60-fold more abundant than that of Rab3B. Rab3D was more abundant in RBL cells than in brain, but the total mass of Rab3 proteins in RBL cells was 10-fold less than in brain. Rab3D only partly colocalized with secretory granules in RBL cells, but fully colocalized in mature peritoneal mast cells. There was a descending concentration gradient of Rab3D from peripheral to central granules, and no cytoplasmic pool was detectable in resting mast cells. Following exocytotic degranulation, Rab3D translocated to the plasma membrane and remained there for at least 15 min. These studies suggest that Rab3D is a component of the regulated exocytotic machine of mast cells, and identify differences between mast cells and neurons in Rab3 expression and trafficking. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Physiol & Mol Biophys, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Dickey, BF (reprint author), Houston VA Med Ctr, 3C-383,2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL43161] NR 52 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1044-1549 J9 AM J RESP CELL MOL JI Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 20 IS 1 BP 79 EP 89 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Respiratory System GA 157QH UT WOS:000078072800010 PM 9870920 ER PT J AU Smith, SJ Lee, AJ Maddix, DS Chow, AW AF Smith, SJ Lee, AJ Maddix, DS Chow, AW TI Pill-induced esophagitis caused by oral rifampin SO ANNALS OF PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Article DE rifampin; esophagitis ID ALENDRONATE; TABLETS; INJURY; ULCER AB OBJECTIVE: TO report a case of pill-induced esophagitis caused by oral rifampin. DATA SOURCES: English-language references identified via a MEDLINE search from January 1966 to May 1998 and a bibliographic review of pertinent articles. DATA SYNTHESIS: A large number of oral medications have been reported to cause pill-induced esophagitis, This case represents the second report attributed to rifampin. A 70-year-old white man receiving vancomycin, gentamicin, and oral rifampin for treatment of Staphylococcus epidermidis prosthetic valve endocarditis reported dysphagia immediately after swallowing a rifampin capsule on the fourth day of therapy. The following day, fiberoptic laryngoscopy and esophagoscopy demonstrated a red capsule partially embedded in the neopharynx. A day later, upper esophageal obstruction consistent with edema related to pill-induced esophagitis was identified by barium swallow. Following the procedure, the patient was placed on total parenteral nutrition and took nothing by mouth. Sixteen days after first reporting dysphagia, he was placed on a full liquid diet. Several factors may have increased the patient's risk for pill-induced esophagitis, including age, bedridden state, gastroesophageal reflux disease, simultaneous administration of several medications, and neopharyngeal stricture. CONCLUSIONS: Oral rifampin may cause esophagitis. Healthcare providers should be alert to the possibility of pill-induced esophagitis in susceptible patients, Patients with predisposing factors for the development of pill-induced esophagitis should be educated about proper swallowing of oral medications. C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Pharm 119, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Pacific, Sch Pharm, Stockton, CA 95211 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Pharm, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Maddix, DS (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Pharm 119, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. NR 25 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU HARVEY WHITNEY BOOKS CO PI CINCINNATI PA PO BOX 42696, CINCINNATI, OH 45242 USA SN 1060-0280 J9 ANN PHARMACOTHER JI Ann. Pharmacother. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 33 IS 1 BP 27 EP 31 DI 10.1345/aph.18116 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 160QW UT WOS:000078243300005 PM 9972381 ER PT J AU Glass, EC Basinski, JE Krasne, DL Giuliano, AE AF Glass, EC Basinski, JE Krasne, DL Giuliano, AE TI Radiation safety considerations for sentinel node techniques SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID BREAST-CANCER; VALIDATION; PROBE C1 John Wayne Canc Inst, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA. St Johns Hlth Ctr, Santa Monica, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Giuliano, AE (reprint author), John Wayne Canc Inst, 2200 Santa Monica Blvd,Suite 113, Santa Monica, CA 90404 USA. NR 12 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD JAN-FEB PY 1999 VL 6 IS 1 BP 10 EP 11 DI 10.1007/s10434-999-0010-y PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 164QV UT WOS:000078475800006 PM 10030407 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Lipton, A AF Berenson, JR Lipton, A TI Bisphosphonates in the treatment of malignant bone disease SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE bone metastases; multiple myeloma; breast cancer ID BREAST-CANCER; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; INTRAVENOUS PAMIDRONATE; CONTROLLED TRIAL; METASTASES; CLODRONATE; CARCINOMA; DIPHOSPHONATE; MULTICENTER; EFFICACY AB Tumor-induced osteolysis or lytic bone disease is mediated by osteoclast activation. Osteoclasts can be activated directly by products produced by tumors or indirectly through other nonmalignant cells. By reducing osteoclastic activity, bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption. Since these agents were shown effective in treating other diseases associated with increased bone resorption, including cancer-related hypercalcemia and Paget's disease of bone, studies have been initiated to explore the use of bisphosphonates in patients with osteolytic bone metastases. Recent large randomized double-blind studies show the efficacy of these agents in reducing skeletal complications in patients with bone metastases from both breast cancer and multiple myeloma. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Penn State Univ, Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Dept Med, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Div Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM BERENSON.JAMES@WEST-LA.VA.GOV NR 38 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0066-4219 J9 ANNU REV MED JI Annu. Rev. Med. PY 1999 VL 50 BP 237 EP 248 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 170XF UT WOS:000078831800016 PM 10073275 ER PT J AU McHorney, CA AF McHorney, CA TI Health status assessment methods for adults: Past accomplishments and future challenges SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE quality-of-life assessment; health status applications; selection of measures; measurement precision; methodological considerations ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SICKNESS IMPACT PROFILE; GENERAL POPULATION SURVEY; PRIMARY-CARE PATIENTS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; MEDICAL OUTCOMES; CLINICAL-TRIALS; MENTAL-HEALTH; SF-36 AB Over the past 30 years, health status assessment methods for adults have proliferated. Numerous generic, disease-specific, and preference-based measures now exist that tap diverse aspects of functioning, well-being, symptom states, and subjective perceptions of health. The evolution of the state of the art in adult health status assessment is reviewed. Applications of these tools in health services research, health policy, and clinical practice are discussed. Recommendations are offered for selecting among the armamentaria of tools. Conceptual and methodological challenges that confront instrument users and developers alike are identified and discussed. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Program, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP McHorney, CA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 120 TC 145 Z9 147 U1 21 U2 36 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS INC PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0139 USA SN 0163-7525 J9 ANNU REV PUBL HEALTH JI Annu. Rev. Public Health PY 1999 VL 20 BP 309 EP 335 DI 10.1146/annurev.publhealth.20.1.309 PG 27 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 198RW UT WOS:000080438800018 PM 10352861 ER PT J AU Williams, JW Rost, K Dietrich, AJ Ciotti, MC Zyzanski, SJ Cornell, J AF Williams, JW Rost, K Dietrich, AJ Ciotti, MC Zyzanski, SJ Cornell, J TI Primary care physicians' approach to depressive disorders - Effects of physician specialty and practice structure SO ARCHIVES OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; GENERAL-PRACTITIONERS; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS; MENTAL-DISORDERS; MEDICAL OUTCOMES; KNOWLEDGE; OUTPATIENTS; DISABILITY; ATTITUDES; PATTERNS AB Background: Because primary care physicians (PCPs) are the initial health care contact for most patients with depression, they are in a unique position to provide early detection and integrated care for persons with depression and coexisting medical illness. Despite this opportunity, care for depression is often suboptimal. Objectives: To better understand how to design interventions to improve care, we examine PCPs' approach to recognition and management and the effects of physician specialty and degree of capitation on barriers to care for 3 common depressive disorders. Methods: A 53-item questionnaire was mailed to 3375 randomly selected subjects, divided equally among family physicians, general internists, and obstetrician-gynecologists. The questionnaire assessed reported diagnosis and treatment practices for each subject's most recent patient recognized to have major or minor depression or dysthymia and barriers to the recognition and treatment of depression. Eligible physicians were PCPs who worked at least half-time seeing outpatients for longitudinal care. Results: Of 2316 physicians with known eligibility, 1350 (58.3%) returned the questionnaire. Respondents were family physicians (n = 621), general internists (n = 474), and obstetrician-gynecologists (n = 255). The PCPs report recognition and evaluation practices related to their most recent case as follows: recognition by routine questioning or screening for depression (9%), diagnosis based on formal criteria (33.7%), direct questioning about suicide (58%), and assessment for substance abuse (68.1%) or medical causes of depression (84.1%). Reported treatment practices were watchful waiting only (6.1%), PCP counseling for more than 5 minutes (39.7%), antidepressant medication prescription (72.5%), and mental health referral (38.4%). Diagnostic evaluation and treatment approaches varied significantly by specialty but not by the type of depression or degree of capitation. Physician barriers differed by specialty more than by degree of capitation. in contrast, organizational barriers, such as time for an adequate history and the affordability of mental health professionals, differed by degree of capitation more than by physician specialty. Patient barriers were com mon but did not vary by physician specialty or degree of capitation. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of PCPs report diagnostic and treatment approaches that are consistent with high-quality care. Differences in approach were associated more with specialty than with type of depressive disorder or degree of capitation. Quality improvement efforts need to (1) be tailored for different physician specialties, (2) emphasize the importance of differentiating major depression from other depressive disorders and tailoring the treatment approach accordingly, and (3) address organizational barriers to best practice and knowledge gaps about depression treatment. C1 S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Arkansas, Sch Med, Little Rock, AR 72204 USA. Little Rock Hlth Serv Res & Dev Field Program, Little Rock, AR USA. Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Community & Family Med, Hanover, NH USA. Michigan State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lansing, MI USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Dept Family Med & Biostat, Cleveland, OH USA. RP Williams, JW (reprint author), S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, Mailstop 11C-6,7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Williams, Jr., John/A-3696-2008; Page, Andrew/G-5438-2012 OI Williams, Jr., John/0000-0002-5267-5558; Page, Andrew/0000-0003-3133-2844 NR 50 TC 192 Z9 193 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 1063-3987 J9 ARCH FAM MED JI Arch. Fam. Med. PD JAN-FEB PY 1999 VL 8 IS 1 BP 58 EP 67 DI 10.1001/archfami.8.1.58 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 180VD UT WOS:000079405100013 PM 9932074 ER PT J AU van Gorp, WG Wilkins, JN Hinkin, CH Moore, LH Hull, J Horner, MD Plotkin, D AF van Gorp, WG Wilkins, JN Hinkin, CH Moore, LH Hull, J Horner, MD Plotkin, D TI Declarative and procedural memory functioning in abstinent cocaine abusers SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO MICRODIALYSIS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL DEFICITS; MALE-RATS AB Background: We determined the nature and recovery of procedural and declarative memory functioning in a cocaine-abusing cohort in the 45-day period following use. Methods: Thirty-seven cocaine abusers and 27 control subjects were administered the following memory and mood measures: California Verbal Learning Test, recall of the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test, Pursuit Rotor Task, and Profile of Mood States at 4 visits (within 72 hours of admission and at 10, 21, and 45 days following abstinence). Results: Analysis of performance on the Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test revealed that both groups improved in their recall over repeated administrations, though the control group recalled significantly more of the information than cocaine subjects during the 45-day interval. Results for the California Verbal Learning Test indicated improved learning for both subject groups over time, but no group x time interaction. On the Pursuit Rotor Task, cocaine abusers improved their performance at a faster rate than controls at visit 1. At day 45 (visit 4), cocaine abusers again showed improvement on the Pursuit Rotor Task, whereas controls demonstrated a relative plateau in rate of learning. Conclusions: This study documented a lasting detrimental effect on a sensitive nonverbal declarative memory task in cocaine-dependent subjects following abstinence of 45 days. In contrast, abstinence from cocaine during this 45-day period was associated with sustained improvement on a motor learning test in the cocaine abusers relative to controls. C1 Cornell Univ, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10021 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP van Gorp, WG (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, 525 E 68th St,Box 140, New York, NY 10021 USA. NR 21 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD JAN PY 1999 VL 56 IS 1 BP 85 EP 89 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.56.1.85 PG 5 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 156KQ UT WOS:000078000500010 PM 9892260 ER PT J AU Yasuda, M Maeda, K Hashimoto, M Yamashita, H Ikejiri, Y Bird, TD Tanaka, C Schellenberg, GD AF Yasuda, M Maeda, K Hashimoto, M Yamashita, H Ikejiri, Y Bird, TD Tanaka, C Schellenberg, GD TI A pedigree with a novel presenilin 1 mutation at a residue that is not conserved in presenilin 2 SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILIAL ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; MISSENSE MUTATIONS; CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; GENE; CLONING AB Objective: To disclose a novel mutation of the presenilin 1 (PS1) gene responsible for early-onset Alzheimer disease and to clarify genotype-phenotype correlation that should help to establish the function of this protein. Background: The PS1 and presenilin 2 (PS2) genes carry missense mutations in families with Alzheimer disease. The PS1 and PS2 proteins have similar structures, and all presently known mutations are in nucleotides coding for amino acids that are conserved between the 2 presenilins. Methods: Sequence and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of PS1 gene of DNA from a pedigree with early-onset Alzheimer disease Results: Sequence analysis disclosed a novel PS1 mutation in a pedigree of Japanese origin with early-onset Alzheimer disease. This mutation, which is predicted to cause a missense substitution of lysine for glutamic acid, occurred at codon 123 of PS1 that was not a conserved residue in PS2. The 2 patients of this pedigree shared an early clinical phenotype consisting of later-onset, progressive aphasia, but preserved visuospatial ability, which was indistinguishable from those of other PS1-associated Alzheimer disease cases. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that a missense mutation in a region not conserved between PS1 and PS2 can cause Alzheimer disease. C1 Hyogo Inst Aging Brain & Cognit Disorders, Himeji, Hyogo 6700981, Japan. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA USA. Osaka Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Osaka, Japan. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pharmacol, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Yasuda, M (reprint author), Hyogo Inst Aging Brain & Cognit Disorders, 520 Saisho Ko, Himeji, Hyogo 6700981, Japan. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 56 IS 1 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.1001/archneur.56.1.65 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 157GQ UT WOS:000078053300009 PM 9923762 ER PT J AU Bridges, L Zhang, ZX AF Bridges, Louis, Jr. Zhang, Zhixin TI Expression of RAG1, RAG2, and TdT in Rheumatoid Arthritis Synovia: Evidence for Receptor Revision of Immunoglobulin Light Chains SO ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham VA Med Ctr, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-6354 EI 1478-6362 J9 ARTHRITIS RES THER JI Arthritis Res. Ther. PY 1999 VL 1 SU 1 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA V31MD UT WOS:000208886800010 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA O'Connor, TJ Robertson, RN Langbein, WE Baldini, FD AF Cooper, RA O'Connor, TJ Robertson, RN Langbein, WE Baldini, FD TI An investigation of the exercise capacity of the Wheelchair Sports USA team SO ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE wheelchair athlete; wheelchair sports; exercise physiology; fitness ID MAXIMAL OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; ARM CRANKING EXERCISE; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; INCREMENTAL WHEELCHAIR; PROPULSION; PARAPLEGICS; ERGOMETRY; RACERS; POWER AB This investigation collected descriptive data on selected metabolic and cardiorespiratory parameters for Wheelchair Sports-USA (WS-USA) Elite and Developmental Team members to determine if differences in these parameters occurred between arm-crank ergometry (ACE) and wheelchair ergometry (WCE). Fifteen men with paraplegia, seven women with paraplegia, four men with tetraplegia, and three women with tetraplegia were tested. Multiple t-tests were used to determine if there were significant differences between responses to the two modes of exercise and also to compare athletes by disability etiology (tetraplegia versus paraplegia), gender, and training base (aerobic versus anaerobic). Both modes of exercise (ACE, WCE) elicited similar peak metabolic responses. Although some individuals responded differently to the two tests, none of the groupings showed significant differences (p > 0.05). Metabolic values show some dependence on gender and disability etiology. The results indicate that WS-USA team members in general are quite aerobically fit. Some athletes in anaerobic sports could benefit from aerobic exercise. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. UPMC Hlth Syst, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Hlth & Phys Educ, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. Edward Hines Vet Affairs Hosp, Res Serv, Hines, IL USA. RP VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151R1, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU R E S N A PRESS PI ARLINGTON PA 1700 MOORE ST, STE 1540, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-1903 USA SN 1040-0435 EI 1949-3614 J9 ASSIST TECHNOL JI Assist. Technol. PY 1999 VL 11 IS 1 BP 34 EP 42 PG 9 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 312CZ UT WOS:000086926800004 ER PT J AU Ubel, PA Baron, J Asch, DA AF Ubel, PA Baron, J Asch, DA TI Social responsibility, personal responsibility, and prognosis in public judgments about transplant allocation SO BIOETHICS LA English DT Article ID RETRANSPLANTATION; ACCESS; LIVERS AB Background Some members of the general public feel that patients who cause their own organ failure through smoking; alcohol use, or drug use should not receive equal priority for scarce transplantable organs. This may reflect a belief that these patients (1) cause their own illness, (2) have poor transplant prognoses or, (3) are simply unworthy. We explore the role that social acceptability, personal responsibility, and prognosis play in people's judgments about transplant allocation. Methods By random allocation, we presented 283 prospective jurors in Philadelphia county with one of five questionnaire versions. In all questionnaires, subjects were asked to distribute transplantable hearts between patients with and without a history of three controversial behaviors (eating high fat diets against doctors' advice, cigarette smoking; or intravenous drug use). Across the Jive questionnaire versions, we varied the relative prognosis of the transplant candidates and whether their behavior caused their primary organ failure. Results Subjects were significantly less willing to distribute organs to intravenous drug users than to cigarette smokers or people eating high fat diets (p < 0.0005), even when intravenous drug users had better transplant outcomes than other patients. Subjects' allocation decisions were influenced by transplant prognosis, but not by whether the behavior in question was causally responsible for the patients' organ failure. Conclusion People's unwillingness to give scarce transplantable organs to patients with controversial behaviors cannot be explained totally on the basis of those behaviors either causing their primary organ failure or making them have worse transplant prognoses. Instead many people believe that such patients are simply less worthy of scarce transplantable organs. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ubel, PA (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 11 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBL LTD PI OXFORD PA 108 COWLEY RD, OXFORD OX4 1JF, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-9702 J9 BIOETHICS JI Bioethics PD JAN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 1 BP 57 EP 68 DI 10.1111/1467-8519.00131 PG 12 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 164ZU UT WOS:000078494100004 PM 11657059 ER PT J AU Loberg, EM Hugdahl, K Green, MF AF Loberg, EM Hugdahl, K Green, MF TI Hemispheric asymmetry in schizophrenia: A "dual deficits" model SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; laterality; dichotic listening; attention; dual deficit processing ID ACUTE PSYCHOTIC ILLNESS; AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS; CEREBRAL LATERALITY; ATTENTION AB Background: The aim was 1) to investigate left hemisphere functional integrity for auditory language processing in schizophrenic patients; and 2) to investigate the interaction between brain laterality and attentional processing by having subjects shift attention to the left or right ear. Methods: The subjects were 33 schizophrenic inpatients, and 33 healthy comparison subjects with the same age, handedness, and gender distribution as the patient subjects. All subjects were rested with dichotic listening (DL) to consonant-vowel syllables, which is a measure of lateralized temporal lobe language processing. The subjects were rested under three different attentional conditions: a non-forced attention condition, attention focused to the right ear stimulus, and attention focused to the left ear stimulus. Results: The main findings were 1) an absence of the expected right ear advantage in the schizophrenic group during the non-forced attention condition; and 2) a failure to modify DL performance through shifting of attention to either the right or left ear. The comparison group showed a right ear advantage during the non-forced and forced-right attention conditions (increased right ear advantage during the forced-right condition), and a left ear advantage during the forced-left attention condition. There were no significant effects of handedness. Conclusions: This pattern of results may indicate a "dual deficit" involving both automatic and controlled processing deficits in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 1999;45: 76-81 (C) 1999 Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 Univ Bergen, Dept Biol & Med Psychol, N-5009 Bergen, Norway. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Hugdahl, K (reprint author), Univ Bergen, Dept Biol & Med Psychol, Arstadveien 21, N-5009 Bergen, Norway. NR 26 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD JAN 1 PY 1999 VL 45 IS 1 BP 76 EP 81 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00219-4 PG 6 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 155VW UT WOS:000077967900009 PM 9894578 ER PT J AU Bersohn, MM Carmack, CR Shalaby, AE Philipson, KD AF Bersohn, MM Carmack, CR Shalaby, AE Philipson, KD TI Ischemic tolerance of hearts from transgenic mice over-expressing the sodium-calcium exchanger SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 76 IS 1 BP A253 EP A253 PN 2 PG 1 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 210BU UT WOS:000081085901480 ER PT J AU Arciniegas, D Adler, L Topkoff, J Cawthra, E Filley, CM Reite, M AF Arciniegas, D Adler, L Topkoff, J Cawthra, E Filley, CM Reite, M TI Attention and memory dysfunction after traumatic brain injury: cholinergic mechanisms, sensory gating, and a hypothesis for further investigation SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Review ID MINOR HEAD-INJURY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; EVOKED RELEASE; RAT-BRAIN; ACETYLCHOLINE; CONCUSSION; AMNESIA; BINDING; DAMAGE; SCHIZOPHRENICS AB Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common occurrence, with a rate of nearly 400000 new injuries per year. Cognitive and emotional disturbances may become persistent and disabling for many injured persons, and frequently involve symptomatic impairment in attention and memory. Impairments in attention and memory have been well characterized in TBI, and are likely related to disruption of cholinergic functioning in the hippocampus. Additionally, disturbances in this neurotransmitter system may also account for disturbances in sensory gating and discriminative attention in this population. The electroencephalographic P50 waveform of the evoked response to paired auditory stimuli may provide a physiologic market of impaired sensory gating among TBI survivors. The first application of this recording assessment to the TBI population is reported. Preliminary findings in three cases are presented, and the interpretation of impaired sensory gating in this population is discussed. Given the impact of TBI on cholinergic systems, the effects of cholinergic augmentation on attention and memory impairment, and the availability of an electrophysiologic marker of cholinergic dysfunction responsive to cholinergic agents, a testable cholinergic hypothesis for investigation and treatment of these patients is proposed. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Denver, CO USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA. RP Arciniegas, D (reprint author), Campus Box C268-68,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RI Arciniegas, David/A-3792-2009 NR 89 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI LONDON PA ONE GUNPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON EC4A 3DE, ENGLAND SN 0269-9052 J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 13 DI 10.1080/026990599121827 PG 13 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 158TA UT WOS:000078131200001 PM 9972437 ER PT J AU Kroning, R Katz, D Lichtenstein, AK Nagami, GT AF Kroning, R Katz, D Lichtenstein, AK Nagami, GT TI Differential effects of cisplatin in proximal and distal renal tubule epithelial cell lines SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE renal tubule epithelial cell lines; cisplatin; carboplatin; nephrotoxicity; transport; apoptosis ID ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; CYTO-TOXICITY; PLATINUM; RAT; DEATH; CIS-DIAMMINEDICHLOROPLATINUM(II); DRUGS; DNA; METABOLITES; MECHANISM C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Hematol Oncol Sect, Med & Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Nagami, GT (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nephrol Sect 111L, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 30 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD JAN PY 1999 VL 79 IS 2 BP 293 EP 299 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 152CP UT WOS:000077758300016 PM 9888471 ER PT J AU Brothers, TE Rios, GA Robison, JG Elliott, BM AF Brothers, TE Rios, GA Robison, JG Elliott, BM TI Justification of intervention for limb-threatening ischemia: a surgical decision analysis SO CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article DE decision support techniques; peripheral vascular diseases; vascular surgery ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY; BYPASS; SALVAGE AB Intervention for vascular occlusive disease of the distal lower extremity in elderly patients will inevitably be scrutinized as medical resources decline, The authors applied surgical decision analysis to three treatment options: revascularization, amputation and expectant management. The appropriate outcome probabilities were derived from our experience with revascularization to the tibial and pedal vessels, and utility scores were obtained by formalized patient assessment. Revascularization was predicted to improve patient outcome by 1.10 quality-adjusted life-years compared with primary amputation and by 1.16 quality-adjusted life-years compared with expectant management, To gain one additional quality-adjusted life-years, revascularization would cost $5280 more than expectant management, but $33,900 less than primary amputation. Sensitivity analysis predicted revascularization to be the least costly treatment per quality-adjusted life-years as long as 1-month patency exceeds 11%. Revascularization for limb-threatening ischemia of the distal lower extremity is justified and can be performed at a reasonable cost. (C) 1998 The International Society for Cardiovascular Surgery. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Surg, Vasc Surg Sect, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph Henry Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Brothers, TE (reprint author), 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. NR 24 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0967-2109 J9 CARDIOVASC SURG JI Cardiovasc. Surg. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 7 IS 1 BP 62 EP 69 DI 10.1016/S0967-2109(98)00037-4 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Surgery GA 160UR UT WOS:000078250000013 PM 10073763 ER PT J AU Walss, C Kreisberg, JI Luduena, RF AF Walss, C Kreisberg, JI Luduena, RF TI Presence of the beta(II) isotype of tubulin in the nuclei of cultured mesangial cells from rat kidney SO CELL MOTILITY AND THE CYTOSKELETON LA English DT Article DE tubulin isotypes; microtubules; nucleolus; nuclear matrix ID BOVINE BRAIN; PROTEIN-TAU; LOCALIZATION; MICROTUBULES; ESTRAMUSTINE; ORGANIZATION; CHROMATIN; CARCINOMA; DISTINCT; DYNAMICS AB Tubulin has generally been considered to be a cytosolic protein whose only function is to form microtubules. This assumption is supported by a great dear of evidence derived from immunohistochemical studies using antibodies directed against whole tubulin or its component polypeptides alpha- and beta-tubulin. We have re-examined the intracellular distribution of tubulin using monoclonal antibodies specific for the beta(I), beta(II), beta(III), and beta(IV) isotypes of beta-tubulin. Our test system is the cultured rat kidney mesangial cell. We have found that Pur is absent from these cells and that beta(I) and beta(IV) are present in microtubules throughout the cytosol. In contrast, Err is present largely in the nuclei. Immunoblotting of purified nuclear extracts shows that the beta(II)-reactive antigen co-migrates with beta-tubulin. Extraction of the cytosol and chromatin suggests that beta(II) is concentrated in the nucleoli and also in a reticulated network in the rest of the nucleoplasm. An antibody to tyrosinated alpha-tubulin shows that or is also present in the nucleoli. Treatment of the cells with fluorescent colchicine shows an accumulation of colchicine in the nucleoli. Finally, fluorescently labeled alpha beta(II)-tubulin dimers, when microinjected into the cells, enter the nuclei and are concentrated in the nucleoli. These results suggest that the beta(II) isotype of tubulin is present as an alpha beta(II) dimer in the nuclei of cultured mesangial cells and suggest the possibility that different tubulin isotypes may have specific functions within the cell. Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 42:274-284, 1999. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss.Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Res & Dev Serv, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Luduena, RF (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA26376]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM23476] NR 46 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0886-1544 J9 CELL MOTIL CYTOSKEL JI Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton PY 1999 VL 42 IS 4 BP 274 EP 284 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0169(1999)42:4<274::AID-CM2>3.0.CO;2-5 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 185DR UT WOS:000079653300002 PM 10223634 ER PT J AU Larson, JL Covey, MK Berry, J Wirtz, S Alex, CG Matsuo, M AF Larson, JL Covey, MK Berry, J Wirtz, S Alex, CG Matsuo, M TI Discontinuous incremental threshold loading test - Measure of respiratory muscle endurance in patients with COPD SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE COPD; pulmonary rehabilitation; respiratory muscles ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; INSPIRATORY PRESSURE; PERFORMANCE; TREADMILL AB Study objective: To assess the discontinuous incremental threshold lending (DC-ITL) test as a measure of respiratory muscle endurance for patients with COPD in terms of perceived breathing difficulty, reliability, and validity. Design: The DC-ITL test was repeated three times at weekly intervals under identical test conditions. Setting: Clinical research laboratory. Patients: Forty-eight patients with moderate to severe COPD, Measurements and results: Rating of perceived breathing difficulty (RPBD) was measured at the end of each stage of the DC-ITL test with a Borg category-ratio scale, The maximal inspiratory pressure (Pimax) was measured before and after the DC-ITL test. Breathing patterns were measured during the DC-ITL test. The mean (+/- SD) for RPBD at the maximal load was 6.3 (3.1), 6.6 (2.8), and 6.7 (2.7) for visits one, two, and three, respectively (not significant). The mean relative maximal load for the DC-ITL test (peak mouth pressure as a percent of Pimax) at the last completed stage was 59 +/- 23%, 62 +/- 20%, and 63 +/- 19% for visits one, two, and three, respectively (not significant). Test-retest reliability was r(1,2) = 0.82 and r(2,3) = 0.69 for relative maximal load and r(1,2) = 0.90 and r(2,3) = 0.90 for absolute maximal load (peak mouth pressure). Tidal volume decreased (p < 0.01) and respiratory rate increased (p < 0.01) from the next-to-the-last to the last completed stage. Pimax decreased after the DC-ITL test (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Moderate breathing difficulty was experienced during the DC-ITL test. The test was reliable and the results of this study support its validity as a measure of respiratory muscle endurance. C1 Univ Illinois, Coll Nursing MC802, Dept Med Surg Nursing, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. RP Larson, JL (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Nursing MC802, Dept Med Surg Nursing, 845 S Damen Ave, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. FU NINR NIH HHS [NRO1428] NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD JAN PY 1999 VL 115 IS 1 BP 60 EP 67 DI 10.1378/chest.115.1.60 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 157QY UT WOS:000078074200013 PM 9925063 ER PT J AU Lessin, SR Benoit, BM Li, GQ Moskovitz, A Zweiman, B AF Lessin, SR Benoit, BM Li, GQ Moskovitz, A Zweiman, B TI Quantitative analysis of T-cell receptor beta variable-gene usage in cutaneous late-phase reactions: Implications for T-lymphocyte recruitment in cutaneous inflammation SO CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC LABORATORY IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PSORIASIS-VULGARIS; ATOPIC SUBJECTS; SKIN; RESPONSES; LESIONS; AMPLIFICATION; EXPRESSION; HECA-452; RELEASE AB To determine if functionally distinct T-lymphocyte (T cell) subsets accumulate in late-phase immunoglobulin E-mediated reactions (LPR), we quantitatively analyzed the immunophenotype and the T-cell receptor beta variable-gene (V beta) repertoire of T cells in cutaneous LPR. Peripheral blood and skin biopsies were obtained 6 or 24 h after sensitive subjects were challenged with intradermal injections of grass pollen allergen (Ag) and control (C) solution. The frequency of cells expressing CD3, CD4, CD8, CD45RO, and CD25/mm(2) was determined by immunohistochemistry in nine subjects. V beta usage was assessed by reverse transcription-PCR in five of nine subjects. A significantly greater frequency of CD3(+) and CD45RO(+) (memory) T cells was detected in Ag sites than in C sites at 24 h after challenge hut not at 6 h. The frequency of activated (CD25(+)) and helper (CD4(+)) T cells appeared to be increased in Ag sites as well, though not significantly. V beta 6 was the most commonly expressed V beta detected in Ag sites, but it was also detected in accompanying C sites. V beta 2 was the most commonly expressed V beta detected in C sites. Sequence analysis in one case revealed V beta expression in a 6-h Ag site to be essentially polyclonal. Our findings suggest that memory T cells with V beta expression similar to that in normal skin accumulate in developing cutaneous LPR. The limited usage of V beta suggests a preferential recruitment or retention of reactive T cells from an endogenous subset of skin-homing T cells with its own skewed V beta repertoire. C1 Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Allergy & Immunol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Lessin, SR (reprint author), Univ Penn, Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 217 Clin Res Bldg,415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-55017]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI-14332]; NIAMS NIH HHS [T32 AR-07565] NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 1071-412X J9 CLIN DIAGN LAB IMMUN JI Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 6 IS 1 BP 85 EP 88 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 156BE UT WOS:000077980900015 PM 9874669 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA Dorr, MB Magner, DJ Talbot, GH AF Lipsky, BA Dorr, MB Magner, DJ Talbot, GH TI Safety profile of sparfloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone antibiotic SO CLINICAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE sparfloxacin; fluoroquinolones; antibiotics; safety; phototoxicity ID HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; QUINOLONE ANTIBACTERIALS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; PHARMACOKINETICS; THEOPHYLLINE; METABOLISM; CLEARANCE AB The safety profile of sparfloxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone antibiotic, was examined through an integrated analysis of safety data from 6 multicenter phase III trials. These consisted of 5 double-masked, randomized, comparative trials of sparfloxacin (a 400-mg oral loading dose followed by 200 mg/d for 10 days) versus standard therapies (erythromycin, cefaclor, ofloxacin, clarithromycin, and ciprofloxacin) and 1 open-label trial (noncomparative) in patients with: community-acquired pneumonia (2 trials); acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (1 trial); acute maxillary sinusitis (2 trials, one of which was the noncomparative trial); and complicated skin and skin-structure infections (1 trial). Overall, 401 (25.3%) of 1585 patients treated with sparfloxacin and 374 (28.1%) of 1331 receiving a comparator regimen experienced at least 1 adverse event considered to be related to the study medication. Photosensitivity reactions, usually of mild-to-moderate severity, were seen more frequently with sparfloxacin (7.4%) than with comparator agents (0.5%), whereas gastrointestinal reactions (diarrhea, nausea, dyspepsia, abdominal gain, vomiting, and flatulence), insomnia, and taste perversion were more common in patients taking comparator drugs (22.3% vs 12.1%, 4.3% vs 1.5%, and 2.9% vs 1.2%, respectively). Analysis of electrocardiographic findings showed that the mean change from baseline in QT interval corrected for heart rate (QT,) was significantly greater in sparfloxacin-treated patients (10 msec) than in patients given comparator drugs (3 msec), but no associated ventricular arrhythmias were detected. Adverse events led to discontinuation of study medication in 104 (6.6%) patients receiving sparfloxacin and Ils (8.9%) given comparator drugs. Sparfloxacin may be considered an appropriate choice for the treatment of certain community-acquired infections for patients who are not at risk for photosensitivity reactions or adverse events associated with prolongation of the QT(c) interval. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lipsky, BA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Gen Internal Med Clin 111M, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC PI NEW YORK PA 245 WEST 17TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0149-2918 J9 CLIN THER JI Clin. Ther. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 21 IS 1 BP 148 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S0149-2918(00)88275-2 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 169CQ UT WOS:000078730300011 PM 10090432 ER PT J AU Melo, J Peters, JI AF Melo, J Peters, JI TI Low systemic vascular resistance: differential diagnosis and outcome SO CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE systemic vascular resistance; hypotension; sepsis; cirrhosis; pancreatitis; adrenal insufficiency; anaphylaxis ID UNCOMPLICATED SEPTIC SHOCK; BERIBERI HEART-DISEASE; HEMODYNAMIC-CHANGES; ORGAN FAILURE; HYPERDYNAMIC SHOCK; LIVER-CIRRHOSIS; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; NITRIC-OXIDE; INJURY; INSUFFICIENCY AB Objective: To determine the frequency and prognosis of the various causes of low systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Design: Analysis of consecutive patients over a 5-year period; retrospective review. Setting: Medical intensive care unit of a large university hospital. Patients: Fifty-five patients with unexplained hypotension and a SVR less than 800 dynes x s/cm(5). Background: There are minimal data in the medical literature determining the frequency or outcome of patients with a low SVR that is unrelated to sepsis or the sepsis syndrome. We retrospectively reviewed and analyzed all hemodynamic data in a large university hospital over a 5-year period to determine the frequency and prognosis of the various causes of low SVR. Fifty-five patients with unexplained hypotension and a SVR less than 800 dynes x s/cm(5) were identified. Main results: Twenty-two patients (Groups 1 and 2) met the criteria for sepsis syndrome. The mean SVR for this group was 445 +/- 168 dynes x s/cm(5) with an associated mortality of 50%. Group 3 contained 20 patients with possible sepsis. Thirteen patients (Group 4) were nonseptic. The mean SVR of this group was 435 +/- 180 dynes x s/cm(5) with an associated mortality of 46%. Extremely low SVR (below 450 dynes x s/cm(5)) was associated with a significantly higher mortality regardless of the etiology. Conclusions: At least a quarter of patients with hypotension and a low SVR have nonseptic etiologies. The patients with nonseptic etiologies have a similar mortality to septic patients. Clinicians should be aware of the wide spectrum of conditions that induce a low SVR. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm Dis Crit Care Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Peters, JI (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Pulm Dis Crit Care Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU CURRENT SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON W1P 6LE, ENGLAND SN 1466-609X J9 CRIT CARE JI Crit. Care PY 1999 VL 3 IS 3 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1186/cc343 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 271JD UT WOS:000084589700004 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA AF Cooper, RA TI Engineering manual and electric powered wheelchairs SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Review DE wheelchair; design; engineering; standards; controls; human factors ID SPINAL-CORD INJURY; LOCAL COORDINATE SYSTEM; STATIC REAR STABILITY; OCCUPIED WHEELCHAIRS; PROPULSION TECHNIQUE; RACING WHEELCHAIR; PUSHRIM FORCES; 2 SPEEDS; 3-DIMENSIONAL KINEMATICS; ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY AB The sophistication required to develop and properly configure a wheelchair is illustrated by the amount and complexity of the research being conducted. At this time there appears to be between 1.5 and 2.0 million full-time wheelchair users within the United States. The reliance of the user on the wheelchair and the amount of time in the wheelchair provide significant challenges for the wheelchair design engineer. Currently there are a wide variety of wheelchair designs that are commercially available. These wheelchairs accommodate a variety of people's needs, and represent significant progress. The current trend among manufacturers of manual wheelchairs seems to be cost-reduction engineering. The ergonomics of long-term wheelchair use are critical to the advancement of wheelchair design and to the clinical selection of wheelchairs. Electric powered wheelchairs appear to be progressing faster than nearly all other types of wheelchairs. This is due to the availability of computing power with low cost microcontrollers and associated peripherals. The greater range and availability of sensors are also making changes into the design of electric powered wheelchairs. The interaction between an electric powered wheelchair and the user can be extremely complex. In many cases, individual solutions are necessary. One of the more challenging questions is determining the abilities of the user required to drive an electric powered wheelchair effectively. There have been substantial improvements in the engineering of all wheelchairs. However, there remain significant issues to be addressed. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs, Pittsburgh, PA USA. UPMC Hlth Syst, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, 5044 Forbes Tower, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. NR 147 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 5 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI NEW YORK PA 79 MADISON AVE, SUITE 1205, NEW YORK, NY 10016-7892 USA SN 0278-940X J9 CRIT REV BIOMED ENG JI Crit. Rev. Biomed. Eng. PY 1999 VL 27 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 73 PG 47 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 235KA UT WOS:000082539800002 PM 10638849 ER PT J AU Levine, B AF Levine, B TI Effect of eprosartan and enalapril in the treatment of black hypertensive patients: Subgroup analysis of a 26-week double-blind, multicentre study SO CURRENT MEDICAL RESEARCH AND OPINION LA English DT Article DE eprosartan; angiotensin II antagonists; enalapril; angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors; black hypertensive patients ID CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS; RENAL HEMODYNAMICS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; THERAPY; COUGH AB A double-blind comparator study was performed in 528 hypertensive patients [baseline sitting diastolic blood pressure (SitDBP) 95-114 mmHg]. The primary objective was to compare the incidence of drug-related cough in patients treated with enalapril and eprosartan. The secondary objective was to compare antihypertensive efficacy between treatments. This paper reports the results of a prespecified subgroup analysis performed in the 40 black patients recruited into the study. Eprosartan was titrated from 200 mg b.i.d. to 300 mg b.i.d. and enalapril from 5 mg o.d. to 20 mg o.d. over 12 weeks. Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) 12.5-25 mg o.d. could be added where required to the treatment for the final six weeks of the titration phase if SitDBP greater than or equal to 90 mmHg. Patients received the maximum titrated dosage during the maintenance phase. In the study overall, the incidence of cough at monotherapy endpoint was significantly higher in the enalapril-treated group than in the eprosartan-treated group (p = 0.018). This trend was reflected in the black subgroup but the numbers were 200 small to confirm significance. At study endpoint the mean change in SitDBP was -10.5 +/- 1.9 mmHg and -9.6 +/- 2.4 mmHg for eprosartan-treated and enalapril-treated patients, respectively The mean change in SitSBP for eprosartan-treated black patients was -18.8 +/- 3.5 mmHg and for enalapril-treated patients was -10.5 +/- 3.7 mmHg. The black subpopulation mirrored the response of the study as a whole. Both treatments lowered BP with a further reduction evident following the addition of HCTZ at week 18. In conclusion, eprosartan is effective and appears to be safe in black hypertensive patients. The combination of eprosartan and HCTZ was also well tolerated and provided additional efficacy in those patients not responding to eprosartan alone. The incidence of treatment-associated cough in the black subgroup was low, but there were no apparent differences between treatment groups. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Levine, B (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,W111L, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 20 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIBRAPHARM PI NEWBURY PA C/O DR. PETER L CLARKE, GEMINI HOUSE, 162 CRAVEN RD, NEWBURY, BERKSHIRE, ENGLAND RG14 5NR SN 0300-7995 J9 CURR MED RES OPIN JI Curr. Med. Res. Opin. PY 1999 VL 15 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1185/03007999909115170 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 176GC UT WOS:000079142200004 PM 10216808 ER PT J AU Schmulson, MJ Mayer, EA AF Schmulson, MJ Mayer, EA TI Evolving concepts in irritable bowel syndrome SO CURRENT OPINION IN GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SLEEP; CARE; MOTILITY; DISTRESS; SEEKING; MOTOR AB Converging evidence from investigations of the peripheral and central aspects of bidirectional brain-gut interactions is beginning to shape a pathophysiological model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and related functional gastrointestinal (GI) disorders. This neurobiological model includes alterations in autonomic, neuroendocrine, and pain modulatory mechanisms. The frequent association of IBS and other functional GI disorders with co-morbid affective disorders and temporal association of symptom exacerbation with psychosocial or physical stressors are consistent with alterations in the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the central stress response. Renewed interest in drug development for IBS has resulted in development of instruments for the better assessment of the impact of global symptoms on quality of life and in the development of candidate compounds undergoing clinical evaluation. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE UCLA Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Schmulson, MJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE UCLA Neuroenter Dis Program, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bldg 115,Room 223,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0267-1379 J9 CURR OPIN GASTROEN JI Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 15 IS 1 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1097/00001574-199901000-00004 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 173JK UT WOS:000078977300004 PM 17023912 ER PT J AU Schmid, I Ferbas, J Uittenbogaart, CH Giorgi, JV AF Schmid, I Ferbas, J Uittenbogaart, CH Giorgi, JV TI Flow cytometric analysis of live cell proliferation and phenotype in populations with low viability SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Congress of the International-Society-for-Analytical-Cytology CY MAR, 1998 CL COLORADO SPRINGS, COLORADO SP Int Soc Analyt Cytol DE flow cytometry; dead cell exclusion; fixation; permeabilization; cell surface immunofluorescence; DNA content analysis; 7-amino-actinomycin D; pyronin Y ID DUAL-COLOR IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; MEASURING APOPTOSIS; SURFACE PHENOTYPE; NONVIABLE CELLS; CYCLE ANALYSIS; PYRONIN-Y; DNA; FIXATION; 7-AMINO-ACTINOMYCIN-D AB Background: Combined analysis of DNA content and immunofluorescence on single cells by flow cytometry provides information on the proliferative response of subpopulations to stimuli in mixed cell preparations; however, in low-viability cell preparations, dead cells interfere with accurate flow cytometric data analysis because of nonspecific binding of antibodies and altered DNA-staining profiles. Light scatter differences between nonviable and viable cells are unreliable, particularly after the cell permeabilization step that is necessary for DNA staining. We developed a method for identification of nonviable cells by fluorescence in cell preparations that are stained simultaneously for cell surface or intracellular immunofluorescence and DNA content. Materials and Methods: Nonviable cells that have lost membrane integrity are identified by uptake of 7-amino-actinomycin D (7-AAD). Transfer of 7-AAD from stained nonviable cells to unstained viable cells after permeabilization is prevented by blocking DNA binding with nonfluorescent actinomycin D (AD). Pyronin Y(G) (PY) is used for DNA staining because the orange spectral emission of PY call be separated from the green fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) emission and the fed emission of I-AAD, respectively. Results: Application of the method to the analysis of the T-cell leukemia cell line Molt-4f and of cultured human peripheral blood mononuclear cells is presented. In both cell preparations, 7-AAD staining permitted reliable dead cell exclusion. Live, 7-AAD-negative Molt-4f cells showed higher expression levels of cell surface CD4 and of intracellular CD3, showed a higher proportion of cells in the GI phase of the cell cycle, and showed a lower coefficient of variation of the G(1) peak compared with data obtained from all the cells in the preparation. Live, CD8(+) lymphocytes from OKT3-stimulated cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed a specific proliferative response as measured by DNA content analysis. Conclusions: The results show that cells stained with FITC-labeled antibodies can be analyzed by single-laser flow cytometry for DNA content combined with dead cell discrimination. Furthermore, they emphasize the need for exclusion of dead cells from the analysis of cell preparations with low viability to obtain reliable data on immunofluorescence and cell-cycle distributions. Cytometry 35: 64-74, 1999. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Schmid, I (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, 12-236 Factor Bldg, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM schmid@mednet.ucla.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-16042]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI-28697]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD-29341] NR 39 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD JAN 1 PY 1999 VL 35 IS 1 BP 64 EP 74 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0320(19990101)35:1<64::AID-CYTO9>3.0.CO;2-Y PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 154LM UT WOS:000077890700008 PM 10554182 ER PT J AU McNeely, MJ Boyko, EJ Weigle, DS Shofer, JB Chessler, SD Leonnetti, DL Fujimoto, WY AF McNeely, MJ Boyko, EJ Weigle, DS Shofer, JB Chessler, SD Leonnetti, DL Fujimoto, WY TI Association between baseline plasma leptin levels and subsequent development of diabetes in Japanese Americans SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 58th Annual Meeting and Scientific Session of the American-Diabetes-Association CY JUN 13-16, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Diabet Assoc ID PANCREATIC BETA-CELLS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; FAT DISTRIBUTION; SERUM LEPTIN; OBESE GENE; BODY-FAT; HUMANS; ADIPOSITY; MELLITUS; WEIGHT AB OBJECTIVE - Plasma leptin levels correlate strongly with increased total adipose tissue, a known risk factor for type 2 diabetes, yet the role of leptin in the etiology of diabetes remains unclear. We sought to determine whether leptin is a risk factor for development of diabetes in Japanese Americans. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - We compared baseline leptin levels in 370 nondiabetic Japanese Americans who remained nondiabetic for 5-6 years of follow-up with those of 40 nondiabetic Japanese Americans who developed diabetes during follow-up. All participants had computed tomography measurements of baseline subcutaneous chest, abdomen, thigh, and intra-abdominal fat, with total fat defined as the sum of all these measurements. RESULTS - The mean age was 51.7 +/- 11.7 years for men and 51.9 +/- 12.0 years for women. The 23 men who developed diabetes had significantly higher leptin levels than the 212 men who remained nondiabetic (P < 0.01). Among men, baseline leptin levels predicted diabetes risk independent of baseline total fat, insulin, insulin resistance, glucose, or age in separate multiple logistic regression models (relative risk adjusted for baseline total fat = 18.0 per SD increase [2.7 ng/m1], 95% CI 1.02-3.17). This association was particularly strong among men in the top decile for intra-abdominal fat. In contrast, the 17 women who developed diabetes had leptin levels similar to those of the 158 women who remained nondiabetic (P = 0.31). CONCLUSIONS - Among Japanese Americans, increased baseline leptin levels are associated with increased risk of developing diabetes in men but not in women. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Epidemiol Res & Informat Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Dept Anthropol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP McNeely, MJ (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, Box 356429, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM mcneely@u.washington.edu OI Boyko, Edward/0000-0002-3695-192X FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-49293]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-31170] NR 41 TC 72 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD JAN PY 1999 VL 22 IS 1 BP 65 EP 70 DI 10.2337/diacare.22.1.65 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 150WT UT WOS:000077689400011 PM 10333905 ER PT S AU Tapp, A Douglas, A Tandon, R Wood, AE AF Tapp, A Douglas, A Tandon, R Wood, AE BE DeClercq, M Andreoli, A Lamarre, S Forster, P TI Prevalence, characteristics, and methods to address assaultive patients in a large neuropsychiatric hospital SO EMERGENCY PSYCHIATRY IN A CHANGING WORLD SE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th World Congress of the International-Association-for-Emergency-Psychiatry CY OCT 15-17, 1998 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM SP World Psychiatr Assoc, Assoc European Psychiatrists, European Region Council World Federat Ment Hlth, Belgian Royal Soc Ment Hlth Med, Belgian Soc Emergency & Disaster Med DE assaultive behavior; hospitals; psychiatric; schizophrenia ID VIOLENT BEHAVIOR; SCHIZOPHRENIC INPATIENTS; PSYCHIATRIC-INPATIENTS; STAFF; PATTERNS AB Background Violence in psychiatric facilities is prevalent and is frequently associated with costs both to property and persons. Methods. The prevalence of assaultive behavior was measured over 3 years in a large 991-bed psychiatric VA medical center. Data was collected on sex, age, diagnosis, medications prescribed, and injuries sustained. A specialized unit designed to treat schizophrenic patients in a less restricted environment was developed and level of assaultive behavior was of measured before implementation and 3 years following. Results. The prevalence of assaultive patients, calculated over 31/2 years, was 9.65%. The time of year, and the day of the occurrence of 281 incidents, revealed an increased incidence during 2 winter months and at rimes when the patient's space was restricted to medication distribution and meals. A random sample of 81 assaultive patients more often carried a diagnosis of schizophrenia and received higher doses of neuroleptics, but were no different in age than other nonassaultive patients. Assaultive behavior in schizophrenic patients on the specialized schizophrenia unit decreased over 3 years. Conclusions. These data suggest a need to address the special therapeutic and environmental needs of a population of chronic, treatment resistant schizophrenics. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Amer Lake Div 116, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. RP Tapp, A (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Amer Lake Div 116, Tacoma, WA 98493 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0531-5131 BN 0-444-50017-0 J9 INT CONGR SER PY 1999 VL 1179 BP 265 EP 270 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA BQ28U UT WOS:000087816100033 ER PT J AU Yang, H Yuan, PQ Wu, V Tache, Y AF Yang, H Yuan, PQ Wu, V Tache, Y TI Feedback regulation of thyrotropin-releasing hormone gene expression by thyroid hormone in the caudal raphe nuclei in rats SO ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HYPOTHALAMIC PARAVENTRICULAR NUCLEUS; MESSENGER-RIBONUCLEIC-ACID; GASTRIC-SECRETION; HDC ACTIVITY; SUBSTANCE-P; NEURONS; TRH; RNA; HYPOTHYROIDISM; TRIIODOTHYRONINE AB Medullary TRH regulates autonomic activity, and altered thyroid status is associated with autonomic disorders. We investigated whether thyroid hormone exerts a negative feedback regulation on TRH gene expression in the medullary caudal raphe nuclei. Medullary pro-TRH messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were mainly located in the raphe pallidus and raphe obscurus neurons as shown by in situ hybridization and were significantly increased by 70% and 160-230% by Northern blot analyses in 24 h fasted rats at 1 and 3-5 weeks after thyroidectomy, respectively, when serum T-4 levels were reduced by 75-87%. The increased pro-TRH mRNA on the 30th day after thyroidectomy was reversed to euthyroid levels by T-4 replacement (2 or 4 mu g/100 g.day). T-4 injections (10 or 100 mu g/100 g day for 30 days) did not significantly influence medullary pro-TRH mRNA levels in sham-operated rats. Thyroidectomized rats fed normally showed a 500% increase in pro-TRH mRNA levels 30 days after the surgery, while those fasted for 24 h showed only a 180% increase. These data indicate that medullary TRH gene expression is enhanced during hypothyroidism due to the lack of negative feedback regulation by thyroid hormone, and this response is modulated by feeding state. These findings may have important relevance to understanding autonomic-related visceral alterations induced by hypothyroidism. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE DDRC, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE DDRC, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Yang, H (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE DDRC, Dept Med, Bldg 115,Room 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM hoyang@ucla.edu NR 44 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU ENDOCRINE SOC PI CHEVY CHASE PA 8401 CONNECTICUT AVE, SUITE 900, CHEVY CHASE, MD 20815-5817 USA SN 0013-7227 EI 1945-7170 J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY JI Endocrinology PD JAN PY 1999 VL 140 IS 1 BP 43 EP 49 DI 10.1210/en.140.1.43 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 149VH UT WOS:000077626500007 PM 9886805 ER PT J AU Fujikawa, DG Shinmei, SS Nguyen, PQ AF Fujikawa, DG Shinmei, SS Nguyen, PQ TI Caspase inhibition does not protect against seizure-induced neuronal necrosis with internucleosomal DNA cleavage SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater LA Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 1999 VL 40 SU 7 BP 19 EP 20 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 242NR UT WOS:000082947600076 ER PT J AU Licht, EA Jacobsen, RH Curran, J Fujikawa, DG AF Licht, EA Jacobsen, RH Curran, J Fujikawa, DG TI Electrographic seizures and cognitive function: Raising concerns for low frequency events SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Sepulveda ACC, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 1999 VL 40 SU 7 BP 59 EP 59 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 242NR UT WOS:000082947600233 ER PT J AU Fujikawa, DG Shinmei, SS Cai, B AF Fujikawa, DG Shinmei, SS Cai, B TI Seizure-induced-neuronal death is morphologically necrotic, with internucleosomal DNA cleavage: Implications for programmed cell death mechanisms. SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Expt Neurol Lab, Sepulveda, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 1999 VL 40 SU 2 BP 111 EP 112 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 225BU UT WOS:000081936800454 ER PT J AU Delgado-Escueta, AV Fong, GCY Alonso, ME Shah, PU Fois, A Castroviejo, IP Serratosa, JM Medina, MT Gee, MN Huang, Y Cordova, S Donnadieu, FR AF Delgado-Escueta, AV Fong, GCY Alonso, ME Shah, PU Fois, A Castroviejo, IP Serratosa, JM Medina, MT Gee, MN Huang, Y Cordova, S Donnadieu, FR TI Childhood absence epilepsy genotypes in chromosomes 8q24 and 1p: Clinical and EEG phenotypes. SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Comp Epilepsy Prog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. VA GLAHS Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Natl Inst Neurol & Neurosurg, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. KEM Hosp & GS Seth Med Coll, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. Univ Siena, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Univ Hosp La Paz, Madrid, Spain. Fdn Jimenez Diaz, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. Natl Univ, Tegucigalpa, Honduras. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 1999 VL 40 SU 2 BP 215 EP 215 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 225BU UT WOS:000081936800894 ER PT J AU Rogers, SJ Szabo, CA Hartig, JL Mayes, BN AF Rogers, SJ Szabo, CA Hartig, JL Mayes, BN TI Topiramate in the treatment of primary generalized epilepsy SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 1999 VL 40 SU 7 BP 219 EP 219 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 242NR UT WOS:000082947600880 ER PT J AU Walton, NY AF Walton, NY TI Harkoseride, a novel anticonvulsant: Efficacy in treatment of experimental status epilepticus, plasma protein binding, plasma and brain pharmacokinetics. SO EPILEPSIA LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Los Angeles, CA USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0013-9580 J9 EPILEPSIA JI Epilepsia PY 1999 VL 40 SU 7 BP 242 EP 242 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 242NR UT WOS:000082947600974 ER PT J AU Li, SJ Yan, T Yang, JQ Oberley, TD Oberley, LW AF Li, SJ Yan, T Yang, JQ Oberley, TD Oberley, LW TI Hydrogen peroxide or other hydroperoxide are critical players in the suppression of tumor cell growth by MnSOD SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Iowa, Radiat Res Lab, Med Labs B180, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Pathol Serv, Madison, WI 53705 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PY 1999 VL 27 SU 1 MA 446 BP S146 EP S146 DI 10.1016/S0891-5849(99)90982-6 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 254EL UT WOS:000083598900471 ER PT J AU Hunt, SC AF Hunt, SC TI Posttraumatic stress disorder SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Persian Gulf Vet Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hunt, SC (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Persian Gulf Vet Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD JAN PY 1999 VL 116 IS 1 BP 227 EP 228 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 152PG UT WOS:000077785500037 PM 9869627 ER PT J AU Levy, ML Cummings, JL Kahn-Rose, R AF Levy, ML Cummings, JL Kahn-Rose, R TI Neuropsychiatric symptoms and cholinergic therapy for Alzheimer's disease SO GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference of Alzheimers Disease International CY SEP 29, 1997 CL HELSINKI, FINLAND DE Alzheimer's disease; neuropsychiatric symptoms; acetylcholinesterase inhibitors ID NURSING-HOME PLACEMENT; PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; BEHAVIORAL SYMPTOMS; MAJOR DEPRESSION; CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; TACRINE; DELUSIONS; DEMENTIA; PHYSOSTIGMINE AB Neuropsychiatric abnormalities, as well as the commonly associated neuropsychological symptoms, are clinical characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia. Thus, in addition to a general cognitive and functional decline, neuropsychiatric manifestations, such as agitation, apathy, anxiety, psychoses and disinhibition, are frequently evident in AD patients. Such neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD are the source of considerable patient and caregiver distress, resulting in the prescription of neuroleptics, benzodiazepines or other psychotropic agents, and are a major factor in the decision to transfer the care of patients into nursing homes. Recent evidence suggests that some neuropsychiatric changes associated with AD are related to the cholinergic deficits in the brains of AD patients and that such abnormalities may be responsive to cholinergic therapy. Cholinergic drug therapies indicated for the symptomatic treatment of AD, for example tacrine and the newer cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors such as donepezil, have been demonstrated to improve memory, language and praxis. Furthermore, although less is known about the effect of ChE inhibitors on the neuropsychiatric symptoms of AD, preliminary evidence suggests that they reduce apathy, anxiety, hallucinations, disinhibition and aberrant motor behaviour. Thus, the newer-generation ChE inhibitors that are! well tolerated, easy to administer and show promise in reducing the cognitive, as well as neuropsychiatric disturbances of AD, may emerge as important treatments for some neuropsychiatric symptoms in patients with central cholinergic deficits, including AD. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Cummings, JL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123] NR 63 TC 74 Z9 76 U1 3 U2 5 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0304-324X J9 GERONTOLOGY JI Gerontology PY 1999 VL 45 SU 1 BP 15 EP 22 DI 10.1159/000052760 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 160NQ UT WOS:000078237100003 PM 9876214 ER PT J AU Gralnek, IM Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Machicado, GA Gornbein, J King, J Cheng, S Jensen, ME AF Gralnek, IM Jensen, DM Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Machicado, GA Gornbein, J King, J Cheng, S Jensen, ME TI The economic impact of esophageal variceal hemorrhage: Cost-effectiveness implications of endoscopic therapy SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT American-Association-for-the-Study-of-Liver-Diseases Presidential Plenary Section of Digestive Disease Week CY MAY, 1996 CL SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA SP Amer Assoc Study Liver Dis ID PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED TRIAL; INJECTION SCLEROTHERAPY; PORTAL-HYPERTENSION; BANDING LIGATION; MANAGEMENT; SHUNT AB Esophageal variceal hemorrhage (EVH) is a serious and expensive sequela of chronic liver disease, leading to increased utilization of resources. Today, endoscopic sclerotherapy (ES) and endoscopic ligation (EL) are the accepted, community standards of endoscopic treatment of patients with EVH. However, there are no published studies comparing the economic costs of treating EVH using these interventions. As part of a prospective, randomized trial comparing ES and EL for the treatment of EVH, we estimated the direct costs of health care utilization and cost-effectiveness for the prevention of variceal rebleeding and patient survival at 1-year follow-up. Treatment groups were similar in incidence of variceal rebleeding (41.9% vs. 42.9%), variceal obliteration (41.9% vs. 40.0%), hospital days, blood transfusions, shunt requirements, and survival (71.0% vs. 60.0%). There were significantly more treatment failures for active bleeding using EL (42% vs. 0%; P =.027) and esophageal stricture formation in the ES-treated patients (19.4% vs. 2.9%; P = 0.03). Median total direct cost outcomes were similar between groups (EL = $9,696 and ES = $13,197; P =.46). EL and ES had similar cost/variceal rebleeding prevented ($28,678 vs. $29,093) and cost/survival ($27,313 vs. $23,804). In the subgroup of active bleeders, ES had a substantially lower cost/survival ($28,523 vs. $51,696). We conclude that resource utilization was similar between treatment groups and that the choice of endoscopic therapy for EVH must still rely on clinical grounds. Further studies comparing costs and resource utilization in this patient population are needed. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis & CURE,Digest Dis Res Ctr, W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr,Ctr Hlth Sci,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gralnek, IM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, CHS 44-138,10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00865-23]; NIDDK NIH HHS [NIDDK 41301, R01 DK 33273] NR 36 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JAN PY 1999 VL 29 IS 1 BP 44 EP 50 DI 10.1002/hep.510290141 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 152CU UT WOS:000077758700008 PM 9862848 ER PT J AU Dupuy-Davies, S Houser, CR AF Dupuy-Davies, S Houser, CR TI Evidence for changing positions of GABA neurons in the developing rat dentate gyrus SO HIPPOCAMPUS LA English DT Article DE glutamate decarboxylase; GAD; hippocampus; in situ hybridization; bromodeoxyuridine ID GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; SOMATOSTATIN-LIKE IMMUNOREACTIVITY; CENTRAL NERVOUS-SYSTEM; EARLY POSTNATAL LIFE; ENCODING 2 FORMS; HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION; GABAERGIC NEURONS; GRANULE CELLS; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION AB In recent studies, we demonstrated a distinct change in the distribution of glutamate decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) mRNA-containing neurons within the rat dentate gyrus from embryonic day 20 (E20) to postnatal day 15 (PN15) (Dupuy and Houser, J Comp Neurol 1997;389:402-418). We also observed a similar changing pattern for cells with birthdates of many of the mature GAD-containing neurons in the dentate gyrus (Dupuy and Houser, J Comp Neurol 1997;389:402-418), These observations suggested that some early-appearing GABA neurons within the developing molecular layer of the dentate gyrus may gradually alter their positions to become the mature GABAergic cells along the inner border of the granule cell layer. The goal of the present study was to provide additional evidence for our hypothesis by demonstrating the spatial relationships between GAD-containing neurons and granule cells at progressively older ages during development. In this study, immunohistochemical or in situ hybridization methods for the localization of GAD67 or its mRNA were combined with bromodeoxyuridine birthdating techniques that labeled early-generated granule cells with birthdates on E17. At E20, GAD67-containing neurons were located above the granule cell layer that contained E17 birthdated granule cells. During the first two postnatal weeks, both GAD67 mRNA-containing neurons and early-born granule cells were primarily concentrated within the granule cell layer. Double-labeled neurons were rarely observed, and this suggests that these two groups are separate populations. By PN15-PN30, most GAD67 mRNA-containing neurons were distributed along the base of the granule cell layer, significantly below the E17 birthdated granule cells. These findings support our new hypothesis that mature GABA neurons along the inner border of the granule cell layer reach their positions by migrating or translocating through the developing granule cell layer. Hippocampus 1999;9:186-199. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Wadsworth Div, Serv Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Wadsworth Div, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Houser, CR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, 73-235 CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS33360] NR 70 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1050-9631 J9 HIPPOCAMPUS JI Hippocampus PY 1999 VL 9 IS 2 BP 186 EP 199 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1063(1999)9:2<186::AID-HIPO9>3.0.CO;2-B PG 14 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 190JQ UT WOS:000079959700009 PM 10226778 ER PT J AU Chang, MP Norman, DC AF Chang, MP Norman, DC TI Ethanol impairs major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule-mediated but not MHC class I molecule-mediated T cell response in alcohol-consuming mice SO IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AND IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; TOXIC LYMPHOCYTES-T; MURINE SPLEEN-CELLS; STIMULATORY FACTOR; CYTO-TOXICITY; INVITRO; GENERATION; PROLIFERATION; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; DIFFERENTIATION AB The goal of this study was to determine whether alcohol affects alloantigen-induced proliferative and cytolytic activity of T cells in mice, and whether the altered immune response was in part due to a defect of IL-2 activity. The ability of spleen cells from individual alcohol-consuming C57BL/6 mice to generate allo-specific mixed lymphocyte response (MLR) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) was compared to that of mice fed on an isocaloric maltose diet and regular diet. Allospecific MLR and CTL were generated by sensitizing spleen cells of C57BL/6 mice against spleen cells from BALB/c mice, and the allo-specific CTL activity was determined by the ability of the CTL to kill Cr-51-labeled P815 mastocytoma target cells. Our results showed that the allo-specific MLR of the responder cells from alcohol-consuming mice was significantly reduced (40% reduction, p<0.01), and the addition of exogenous interleukin 2 (IL-2) could not reverse the suppression of MLR induced by ethanol. However, our results clearly showed that ethanol has little suppressive effect on allo-reactive CTL of alcohol-consuming mice as compared to the alloreactivity of the control mice (P>0.05). Finally, we also demonstrated that ethanol did not impair the alloantigen-induced IL-2 production in the mixed lymphocyte cultures (P>0.1). C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, W Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Chang, MP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, GRECC, W Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 68 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARCEL DEKKER INC PI NEW YORK PA 270 MADISON AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA SN 0892-3973 J9 IMMUNOPHARM IMMUNOT JI Immunopharmacol. Immunotoxicol. PY 1999 VL 21 IS 1 BP 65 EP 87 DI 10.3109/08923979909016395 PG 23 WC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Immunology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 173GN UT WOS:000078972900005 PM 10084331 ER PT J AU Mendez, MF AF Mendez, MF TI Multiple sclerosis presenting as catatonia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE catatonia; multiple sclerosis; depression; cataplexy ID PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; DEPRESSION; MOOD; INVOLVEMENT; SYMPTOMS; ECT AB Objective: Catatonic disorder due to general medical condition must be excluded in psychiatric patients presenting with this movement disorder. This report emphasizes the association of catatonia with multiple sclerosis. Method: A patient with catatonia, psychotic depression, and the subsequent diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is described and the literature reviewed. Results: Mutism, immobility, cataplexy, waxy flexibility, and other aspects of catatonia occur in multiple sclerosis, usually as a consequence of a severe mood disorder and extensive cerebral demyelination. These symptoms may be the presenting manifestations of multiple sclerosis. Conclusions: A high index of suspicion for neurological disease is indicated in patients with new-onset catatonia. Neuroimaging and other studies may reveal underlying demyelination requiring specific therapy. C1 VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurobehav Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Mendez, MF (reprint author), VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Neurobehav Unit, 116AF,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAYWOOD PUBL CO INC PI AMITYVILLE PA 26 AUSTIN AVE, AMITYVILLE, NY 11701 USA SN 0091-2174 J9 INT J PSYCHIAT MED JI Int. J. Psychiatr. Med. PY 1999 VL 29 IS 4 BP 435 EP 441 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 300DC UT WOS:000086236700042 PM 10782426 ER PT J AU Yagnik, P Dhopesh, V AF Yagnik, P Dhopesh, V TI Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) in substance abuse patients SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTIVE DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HAWORTH PRESS INC PI BINGHAMTON PA 10 ALICE ST, BINGHAMTON, NY 13904-1580 USA SN 1055-0887 J9 J ADDICT DIS JI J. Addict. Dis. PY 1999 VL 18 IS 2 MA 34A BP 138 EP 138 PG 1 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 189VR UT WOS:000079927300044 ER PT J AU Eapen, S Sanchez, H Cook, E Stahl, J Bush, RK AF Eapen, S Sanchez, H Cook, E Stahl, J Bush, RK TI Quantitation of the Alternaria allergen, Alt a 2, by an IgY-based immunoassay SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 SU S MA 605 BP S158 EP S158 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 165FC UT WOS:000078509000609 ER PT J AU Geisler, D Schneider, B Schroth, M Sanchez, H Bush, RK Middleton, WS AF Geisler, D Schneider, B Schroth, M Sanchez, H Bush, RK Middleton, WS TI Effect of Alternaria extract on airway epithelial cell RANTES and IL-8 production in vitro. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Madison, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 SU S MA 711 BP S186 EP S186 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 165FC UT WOS:000078509000714 ER PT J AU Gjerset, BG Walker, JE Yusin, JS Klaustermeyer, WB AF Gjerset, BG Walker, JE Yusin, JS Klaustermeyer, WB TI Value of two controls when screening for tuberculosis in ambulatory and hospitalized veterans. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 SU S MA 21 BP S6 EP S6 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 165FC UT WOS:000078509000022 ER PT J AU Sanchez, H Geisler, D Bush, RK AF Sanchez, H Geisler, D Bush, RK TI Detection of enolase DNA in various fungal species. SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Hosp, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 1 SU S MA 602 BP S157 EP S157 PN 2 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 165FC UT WOS:000078509000606 ER PT J AU Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Mokeyev, T Ornoy, A Xin-Sheng, W Bonewald, LF Dean, DD Boyan, BD AF Pedrozo, HA Schwartz, Z Mokeyev, T Ornoy, A Xin-Sheng, W Bonewald, LF Dean, DD Boyan, BD TI Vitamin D-3 metabolites regulate LTBP1 and latent TGF-beta 1 expression and latent TGF-beta 1 incorporation in the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE vitamin D-3, LTBP1,TGF-beta, chondrocytes; latent TGF-beta, 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3, 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 ID GROWTH-FACTOR-BETA; CARTILAGE CELLS-INVITRO; TGF-BETA; BINDING-PROTEIN; RESTING ZONE; PROTEOGLYCAN SYNTHESIS; COMPLEX; OSTEOBLAST; CULTURES; 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN-D3 AB Growth plate chondrocytes make TCF-beta 1 in latent form (LTGF-beta 1) and store it in the extracellular matrix via LTGF-beta 1 binding protein (LTBP1). 1,25-(OH)(2)D-3 (1,25) regulates matrix protein production in growth zone (CC) chondrocyte cultures, whereas 24,25-(OH)(2)D-3 (24,25) does so in resting zone (RC) cell cultures. The aim of this study was to determine if 24,25 and 1,25 regulate LTBP1 expression as well as the LTBP1-mediated storage of TGF-beta 1 in the extracellular matrix of RC and CC cells. Expression of LTBP1 and TGF-beta 1 in the growth plate and in cultured RC and CC cells was determined by in situ hybridization using sense and antisense oligonucleotide probes based on the published rat LTBP1 and TGF-beta 1 cDNA sequences. Fourth passage male rat costochondral RC and CC chondrocytes were treated for 24 h with 10(-7)-10(-9) M 24,25 and 10(-8)-10(-10) M 1,25, respectively. LTBP1 and TGF-beta 1 mRNA levels were measured by in situ hybridization; production of LTGF-beta 1, LTGF-beta 2, and LTBP1 protein in the conditioned media was verified by immunoassays of FPLC-purified fractions. In addition, ELISA assays were used to measure the effect of 1,25 and 24,25 on the level of TGF-beta 1 in the media and matrix of the cultures. Matrix-bound LTGF-beta 1 was released by digesting isolated matrices with 1 U/ml plasmin for 3 h at 37 degrees C. LTBP1 and TGF-beta 1 mRNAs are co-expressed throughout the growth plate, except in the lower hypertrophic area. Cultured GC cells express more LTBP1 and TGF-beta 1 mRNAs than RC cells. FPLC purification of the conditioned media confirmed that RC cells produce LTGF-beta 1, LTGF-beta 2, and LTBP1. GC cells also produce LTGF-beta 2, but at lower concentrations. 1,25 dose-dependently increased the number of GC cells with high LTBP1 expression, as seen by in situ hybridization. 24,25 had a similar, but less pronounced, effect on RC cells. 1,25 also caused a dose-dependent increase in the amount of TGF-beta 1 protein found in the matrix, significant at 10(-8) and 10(-9) M, and a corresponding decrease in TGF-beta 1 in the media. 24,25 had no effect on the level of TGF-beta 1 in the matrix or media produced by RC cells. This indicates that 1,25 induces the production of LTBP1 by GC cells and suggests that the TGF-beta 1 content of the media is reduced through the formation of latent TGF-beta 1-LTBP1 complexes which mediates storage in the matrix. Although 24,25 induced the expression of LTBP1 by RCs, TGF-beta 1 incorporation into the matrix is not regulated by this vitamin D-3 metabolite. Thus, vitamin D-3 metabolites may play a role in regulating the availability of TGF-beta 1 by modulating LTBP1 production. J. Cell. Biochem. 72:151-165, 1999. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Periodont, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Endocrinol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Hebrew Univ Hadassah, Dept Periodont, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. Hebrew Univ Hadassah, Dept Anat, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. RP Boyan, BD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Orthopaed, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM boyanb@uthscsa.edu FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-05937, DE-07160, DE-08603] NR 45 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0730-2312 J9 J CELL BIOCHEM JI J. Cell. Biochem. PD JAN 1 PY 1999 VL 72 IS 1 BP 151 EP 165 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4644(19990101)72:1<151::AID-JCB16>3.0.CO;2-E PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 141NX UT WOS:000077151000016 PM 10025676 ER PT J AU Yueh, B Feinstein, AR AF Yueh, B Feinstein, AR TI Abstruse comparisons: The problems of numerical contrasts of two groups SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Abstrusity; contrasts; indexes; qualitative; quantitative ID ACUTE MYELOGENOUS LEUKEMIA; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; CLINICAL-TRIAL; BREAST-CANCER; ELDERLY PATIENTS; FOLLOW-UP AB The most common quantitative comparison in medical Literature is a contrast of two numbers, such as two means or two rates. The two numbers, A and B, can be compared as a direct increment (A-B), ratio (A/B), relative change ([A-B]/B), or other index of contrast. To appreciate the quantitative distinction, a reader must know the "setting" reflected by the basic Values of A and B. For example, a ratio of 2.0 does not distinguish comparisons between rates of 60% versus 30% and 0.006% versus 0.003%. Despite the frequency of published comparisons, they can be expressed with two types of abstrusity: quantitatives, if the basic values for A and B are not readily evident; and qualitative, if the component underlying variables are unfamiliar and not suitably explained. Among the published articles during the first six months of 1995 for JAMA and New England Journal of Medicine, 57 that satisfied inclusion criteria were reviewed for compliance with standards for avoiding the two types of abstrusity. The standards for quantitative abstrusity were applied to the published abstract-summary, because it is often the only "sound bite" that is read and remembered by most readers. The standards for qualitative abstrusity, however, could be fulfilled in the text, not just in the abstract-summaries of each article. Among the 57 abstract-summaries, 30% were abstruse quantitatively, and 11 (48%) of 23 pertinent papers were qualitatively abstruse. Abstrusity can be eliminated if authors and editors insist that quantitative contrasts cite the basic numbers being compared and the meaning of the associated variables and their rating scales. J CLIN EPIDEMIOL 52;1:13-18, 1999. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv 112OTO, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Yueh, B (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv 112OTO, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. OI Yueh, Bevan/0000-0003-1380-1053 NR 65 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-4356 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 52 IS 1 BP 13 EP 18 DI 10.1016/S0895-4356(98)00133-4 PG 6 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 159TC UT WOS:000078189600003 PM 9973069 ER PT J AU Nguyen, TD Moody, MW Steinhoff, M Okolo, C Koh, DS Bunnett, NW AF Nguyen, TD Moody, MW Steinhoff, M Okolo, C Koh, DS Bunnett, NW TI Trypsin activates pancreatic duct epithelial cell ion channels through proteinase-activated receptor-2 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; THROMBIN RECEPTOR; TRYPTASE; PEPTIDES; PAR-2; GENE AB Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is cleaved by trypsin within the NH2-terminus, exposing a tethered ligand that binds and activates the receptor. We examined the secretory effects of trypsin, mediated through PAR-2, on well-differentiated nontransformed dog pancreatic duct epithelial cells (PDEC). Trypsin and activating peptide (AP or SLIGRL-NH2, corresponding to the PAR-2 tethered ligand) stimulated both an I-125(-) efflux inhibited by Ca2+-activated Cl- channel inhibitors and a Rb-86(+) efflux inhibited by a Ca2+-activated Kt channel inhibitor. The reverse peptide (LRGILS-NH2) and inhibited trypsin were inactive. Thrombin had no effect, suggesting absence of PAR-1, PAR-3, or PAR-4. In Ussing chambers, trypsin and AP stimulated a short-circuit current from the basolateral, but not apical, surface of PDEC monolayers. In monolayers permeabilized basolaterally or apically with nystatin, AP activated apical Cl- and basolateral K+ conductances. PAR-2 agonists increased [Ca2+](i) in PDEC, and the calcium chelator BAPTA inhibited the secretory effects of AP. PAR-2 expression on dog pancreatic ducts and PDEC was verified by immunofluorescence. Thus, trypsin interacts with basolateral PAR-2 to increase [Ca2+](i) and activate ion channels in PDEC. In pancreatitis, when trypsinogen is prematurely activated, PAR-2-mediated ductal secretion may promote clearance of toxins and debris. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Physiol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Nguyen, TD (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, GI Sect 111GI, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Steinhoff, Martin/F-6312-2013 OI Steinhoff, Martin/0000-0002-7090-2187 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-07742, T32 DK007742]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS08174, R01 NS008174, R37 NS008174] NR 31 TC 138 Z9 147 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA ROOM 4570 KRESGE I, 200 ZINA PITCHER PLACE, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109-0560 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 103 IS 2 BP 261 EP 269 DI 10.1172/JCI2539 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 160TP UT WOS:000078247400013 PM 9916138 ER PT J AU Raskind, MA AF Raskind, MA TI Evaluation and management of aggressive behavior in the elderly demented patient SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Closed Symposium on the Phenomenology and Treatment of Agression Across Psychiatric Illnesses CY AUG 31, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Abbott Labs ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; EFFICACY; NOREPINEPHRINE; TOLERABILITY; DISTURBANCES; DIVALPROEX; DISORDERS; AGITATION; SYMPTOMS AB Aggression is common in elderly patients with dementia and often leads to placement of these patients in long-term care facilities. Unfortunately, identification and evaluation of aggression is sometimes hindered by disagreement as to how aggression is distinguished from agitation. Aggression in elderly patients with dementia is best understood as a product of the interaction of neurobiological, cognitive, and environmental factors. Such a complex etiology calls for an approach to treatment that considers pharmacologic therapy as well as environmental manipulation; however, further research is needed to clarify the causes of aggression in elderly patients with dementia and thus allow the refinement of approaches to treatment. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Raskind, MA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, 116,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 26 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PY 1999 VL 60 SU 15 BP 45 EP 49 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 218FX UT WOS:000081543500010 PM 10418815 ER PT J AU Nahas, Z Bohning, DE Molloy, MA Oustz, JA Risch, SC George, MS AF Nahas, Z Bohning, DE Molloy, MA Oustz, JA Risch, SC George, MS TI Safety and feasibility of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of anxious depression in pregnancy: A case report SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID SYMPTOMS AB Background: The proper treatment of mood disorders occurring during pregnancy is a major therapeutic problem since no antidepressant medications have been established as safe for the developing fetus. Several double-blind placebo-controlled studies have explored the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in depression. Case: We report the case of a 36-year-old woman in her second trimester of pregnancy, whose depression (DSM-IV) and anxiety were successfully treated with rTMS. Further studies of rTMS in depressed pregnant women appear warranted. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Radiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Healthsource Access Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Nahas, Z (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM nahasz@musc.edu NR 18 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 4 PU PHYSICIANS POSTGRADUATE PRESS PI MEMPHIS PA P O BOX 240008, MEMPHIS, TN 38124 USA SN 0160-6689 J9 J CLIN PSYCHIAT JI J. Clin. Psychiatry PD JAN PY 1999 VL 60 IS 1 BP 50 EP 52 PG 3 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychiatry SC Psychology; Psychiatry GA 165GJ UT WOS:000078512300010 PM 10074879 ER PT J AU Kirikae, T Kirikae, F Iwai, H Qureshi, N Fukase, K Kusumoto, S Nakano, M AF Kirikae, T Kirikae, F Iwai, H Qureshi, N Fukase, K Kusumoto, S Nakano, M TI LPS-dependent changes in the expression of 57 kDa and 53 kDa cell membrane proteins without participation of CD14 SO JOURNAL OF ENDOTOXIN RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DIPHOSPHORYL-LIPID-A; RHODOPSEUDOMONAS-SPHAEROIDES; MURINE MACROPHAGES; BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; FATTY-ACIDS; TAXOL; INDUCTION; ENDOTOXIN AB It is widely presumed that in addition to CD14, other molecules are necessary for lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cell activation. In order to shed light on some of the biological and biochemical properties of these molecules, we examined the LPS responsiveness of CD14-negative, ST2 cells. Although ST2 cells do not express CD14 mRNA, they, nonetheless, expressed IL-6 mRNA and synthesized IL-6 protein when incubated with LPS in serum-free medium (i.e. without soluble CD14). Paxlitacel (Taxol(TM)) also induced IL-6 mRNA expression in ST2 cells, while Rhodobacter sphaeroides diphoshoryl lipid A (RsDPLA) inhibited both LPS- and Taxol-induced expression of Br 6 mRNA. Collectively, these data suggest that LPS, RsDPLA, and Taxol all recognize the same receptor complex on ST2 cells and do not require the participation of CD14. In addition, using antibody raised against the STZ cell membrane fraction, we detected a set of LPS-specific membrane antigens in murine peritoneal macrophages, including two designated p57 (57 kDa) and p53 (53 kDa). There was no qualitative difference in the expression of p57 and p53 in LPS-responsive, C3H/HeN and LPS-hyporesponsive, C3H/HeJ macrophages. However, after stimulating the macrophages with LPS or Taxol, expression of p57 and p53 was diminished in C3H/HeN macrophages, but not in C3H/HeJ macrophages. Phorbol ester (PMA) and A23187 calcium ionophore did not suppress p57 or p53 expression, and the lipid A precursor, PE406, did not bind to either protein. Thus, p57 and p53 may play important roles in LPS-evoked responses, but they do not appear to serve as LPS receptors. C1 Int Med Ctr Japan, Res Inst, Dept Trop Med & Infect Dis, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628655, Japan. Jichi Med Sch, Dept Microbiol, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Mycobacteriol Res Lab, Madison, WI USA. Osaka Univ, Fac Sci, Toyonaka, Osaka 560, Japan. RP Kirikae, T (reprint author), Int Med Ctr Japan, Res Inst, Dept Trop Med & Infect Dis, Shinjuku Ku, 1-21-1 Toyama, Tokyo 1628655, Japan. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MANEY PUBLISHING LTD PI LEEDS PA HUNDSON RD, LEEDS LS9 7DL, ENGLAND SN 0968-0519 J9 J ENDOTOXIN RES JI J. Endoxtin Res. PY 1999 VL 5 IS 1-2 BP 62 EP 65 DI 10.1177/09680519990050010301 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine; Microbiology GA 230PF UT WOS:000082259000011 ER PT J AU O'Brien, TX Schuyler, GT Rackley, MS Thompson, JT AF O'Brien, TX Schuyler, GT Rackley, MS Thompson, JT TI F1-ATP synthase beta-subunit and cytochrome c transcriptional regulation in right ventricular hemodynamic overload and hypertrophically stimulated cardiocytes SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Endothelial Dysfunction - A Novel Therapeutic Target CY MAY 27, 1998 CL RHODES, GREECE DE cardiac hypertrophy; pulmonary artery banding; transient transfection; oxidative phosphorylation; F-1-ATP synthase beta-subunit; cytochrome c; neonatal cardiocytes ID MITOCHONDRIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; ATP SYNTHASE; PRESSURE-OVERLOAD; NUCLEAR GENES; ELECTRICAL-STIMULATION; CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; CONTRACTILE ACTIVITY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; DNA AB Cardiac hypertrophic growth secondary to hemodynamic pressure overload causes changes in energy requirements that map involve the transcriptional upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation genes. Therefore, two representative nuclear-encoded genes, the mitochondrial F-1-ATP synthase beta-subunit (beta-subunit) and cytochrome c (cyt c), were examined in a feline chronic pulmonary artery banded right ventricular pressure-overload model. In the hypertrophying right ventricle, beta-subunit and cyt c mRNA levels increased after two and seven days, during the peak growth response. To examine cardiac transcriptional regulation, neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (cardiocytes) were transiently transfected with beta-subunit promoter constructs ranging from -1519 nucleotides (nt) upstream of transcription initiation as well as cyt c promoter constructs ranging from - 726 nt. A full-length p1519 beta-subunit/Luc construct was alpha-adrenergically inducible by 275% (+/-30%) with this activation being mapped to an enhancer region between -1519 to -1480 nt, Smaller constructs containing more proximal promoter elements were not inducible. Additionally, the full-length and enhancer deleted beta-subunit constructs were also inducible in electrically stimulated cardiocytes, suggesting a different mechanism of activation. Cyt c constructs containing known constitutive elements from -191 to -167 nt and -139 to -84 nt were responsible for the majority of the reporter activity of the full-length promoter but were not inducible in the presence of phenylephrine. Hence, we show that promoter regions containing elements common in other metabolism-related gene families are active in neonatal rat cardiocytes, Once more, we have identified a beta-subunit genomic region responsive to alpha-adrenergic and electrical stimulation. (C) 1999 Academic Press. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Ralph H Johnson Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Gazes Cardiac Res Inst, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP O'Brien, TX (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, 816 CSB,171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32-HL-07260-19, HL-55284] NR 42 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 31 IS 1 BP 167 EP 178 DI 10.1006/jmcc.1998.0852 PG 12 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 163VU UT WOS:000078427700016 PM 10072725 ER PT J AU Gibson, GE Haroutunian, V Park, LCH Zhang, H Mohs, R Sheu, RKF Blass, JP AF Gibson, GE Haroutunian, V Park, LCH Zhang, H Mohs, R Sheu, RKF Blass, JP TI Reductions in a key mitochondrial enzyme in brains from Alzheimer's disease patients correlate with a clinical dementia rating. SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Cornell Univ, Coll Med, Burke Med Res Inst, White Plains, NY 10605 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. Bronx Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1999 VL 73 SU S BP S23 EP S23 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 218CW UT WOS:000081536500091 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP AF Yao, JK Reddy, RD van Kammen, DP TI Abnormal antioxidant defense system in patients with schizophrenia SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1999 VL 72 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 167YQ UT WOS:000078663100078 ER PT J AU Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD AF Yao, JK Leonard, S Reddy, RD TI Phospholipid defects in schizophrenic brain SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, WPIC, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PY 1999 VL 72 SU S BP S19 EP S19 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 167YQ UT WOS:000078663100077 ER PT J AU Sachdev, D Chirgwin, JM AF Sachdev, D Chirgwin, JM TI Properties of soluble fusions between mammalian aspartic proteinases and bacterial maltose-binding protein SO JOURNAL OF PROTEIN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE aspartic proteinases; protein folding; protein fusions ID INCLUSION-BODY FORMATION; HUMAN PROCATHEPSIN-D; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CATHEPSIN-D; LYSOSOMAL-ENZYMES; EXPORTED PROTEIN; IN-VITRO; AGGREGATION; EXPRESSION; DOMAINS AB The mammalian aspartic proteinases procathepsin D and pepsinogen form insoluble inclusion bodies when expressed in bacteria. They become soluble but nonnative when synthesized as fusions to the carboxy terminus of E. coli maltose-binding protein (MBP). Since these nonnative states of the mio aspartic proteinases showed no tendency to form insoluble aggregates, their biophysical properties were analyzed. The MBP portions were properly folded as shown by binding to amylose, but the aspartic proteinase moieties failed to bind pepstatin and lacked enzymatic activity, indicating that they were not correctly folded. When treated with proteinase K, only the MBP portion of the fusions was resistant to proteolysis. The fusion between MBP and cathepsin D had increased hydrophobic surface exposure compared to the two unfused partners, as determined by bis-ANS binding. Ultracentrifugal sedimentation analysis of MBP-procathepsin D and MBP-pepsinogen revealed species with very large and heterogeneous sedimentation values. Refolding of the fusions from 8 M urea generated proteins no larger than dimers. Refolded MBP-pepsinogen was proteolytically active, while only a few percent of renatured MBP-procathepsin D was obtained. The results suggest that MBP-aspartic proteinase fusions can provide a source of soluble but nonnative folding states of the mammalian polypeptides in the absence of aggregation. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Chirgwin, JM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Endocrinol & Metab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 39 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC/PLENUM PUBL PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0277-8033 J9 J PROTEIN CHEM JI J. Protein Chem. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 18 IS 1 BP 127 EP 136 DI 10.1023/A:1020663903669 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 169GZ UT WOS:000078740400015 PM 10071937 ER PT J AU Cooper, RA O'Connor, TJ Gonzalez, JP Boninger, ML Rentschler, A AF Cooper, RA O'Connor, TJ Gonzalez, JP Boninger, ML Rentschler, A TI Augmentation of the 100 kg ISO wheelchair test dummy to accommodate higher mass: A technical note SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE anthropometry; quality; standards; test dummies; wheelchairs ID ADIPOSE-TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; BODY-COMPOSITION; WOMEN AB Most of the 22 approved or developing ISO standards rely on a wheelchair test dummy, a specialized device described in ISO 7176-11. The purpose of this study was to develop a means for modifying the design of the ISO 7176-11 test dummy to be suitable for testing with higher masses. The changes are based upon published data for obese individuals. With these data, we derived equations for determining the distribution of the additional mass among the test dummy components, and the locations of the centers of mass. The results of this study provide guidelines for adding mass to the 100 kg wheelchair test dummy to accommodate resting of wheelchairs designed for obese individuals. C1 VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151RI, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Div Phys Med & Rehabil, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Rehabil Sci & Technol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mech Engn & Bioengn, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. RP Cooper, RA (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Human Engn Res Labs 151RI, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. OI Boninger, Michael/0000-0001-6966-919X NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1 BP 48 EP 54 PG 7 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VE UT WOS:000085584500010 PM 10659894 ER PT J AU Fotieo, GG Reiber, GE Carter, JS Smith, DG AF Fotieo, GG Reiber, GE Carter, JS Smith, DG TI Diabetic amputations in the VA: Are there opportunities for interventions? SO JOURNAL OF REHABILITATION RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE amputation; diabetes mellitus; foot ulcer; pivotal event ID PREVENTION; FOOT AB Lower limb amputation (LLA) is a devastating complication experienced by some veterans with diabetes. The Veterans Affairs (VA) Healthcare system has identified the prevention of LLA as a priority goal. This study was designed to describe the sources of outpatient care received by veterans with diabetes who have undergone I,LA, to determine whether these persons would have been impacted by a VA amputation prevention program. This study was also designed to describe prior amputation history, footwear history, and the pivotal events that led to these amputations. We found that the vast majority of these subjects identified the VA as their primary source of care, and thus would have been available for enrollment in a prevention program. Since over one-half of them had had a prior amputation, diabetics with a prior amputation should be particularly targeted for foot care interventions. Lastly, prescription of protective footwear has the potential to reduce the incidence of shoe-related ulcers and amputations. C1 Albuquerque VA Med Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. Univ New Mexico, Dept Med, Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA. VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98014 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol & Orthoped Surg, Seattle, WA 98014 USA. RP Fotieo, GG (reprint author), Albuquerque VA Med Ctr, 111 GIM,1501 San Pedro SE, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. NR 11 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOURNAL REHAB RES & DEV PI BALTIMORE PA DEPT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS REHABIL RES & DEVELOP CTR 103 SOUTH GAY STREET, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-4051 USA SN 0748-7711 J9 J REHABIL RES DEV JI J. Rehabil. Res. Dev. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1 BP 55 EP 59 PG 5 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 288VE UT WOS:000085584500011 PM 10659895 ER PT J AU Kirkish, P Sreenivasan, S AF Kirkish, P Sreenivasan, S TI Neuropsychological assessment of competency to stand trial evaluations: A practical conceptual model SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PSYCHIATRY AND THE LAW LA English DT Article ID MINI-MENTAL STATE; CAPACITY AB Competency for adjudication is a complex concept that, despite judicial efforts to articulate functional criteria, has presented conscientious clinicians with the need to filter through multiple levels of psychological data to adequately evaluate and describe the germane functional capacities and deficits of a given defendant. Practitioners are confronted with preparing evaluations that are either psychologically inclusive and too broad to be judicially useful or too brief (opinions with inadequate descriptions of how a specific defendant's abilities and impediments affect the legal criteria). The trend toward harsh sentencing guidelines has further increased defendants' incentives either to postpone adjudication or to attempt to establish a foundation for an insanity plea. Therefore, accurate identification of malingered deficits has become a more significant problem in evaluating competency to stand trial than it previously was. When neuropsychological factors are introduced, competency assessment becomes complex. This article presents a methodology for managing these complexities. Strategies for preparing concise competency evaluations for defendants presenting neuropsychological symptoms are provided along with examples that help illustrate the evaluation process. C1 Patton State Hosp, Patton, CA 92369 USA. Loma Linda Univ, Dept Psychiat, Loma Linda, CA 92350 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Hosp, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ So Calif, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Law, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kirkish, P (reprint author), Patton State Hosp, 3102 E Highland Ave, Patton, CA 92369 USA. NR 28 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PSYCHIATRY LAW PI BLOOMFIELD PA ONE REGENCY DR, PO BOX 30, BLOOMFIELD, CT 06002 USA SN 0091-634X J9 J AM ACAD PSYCHIATRY JI J. Am. Acad. Psychiatry Law PY 1999 VL 27 IS 1 BP 101 EP 113 PG 13 WC Law; Psychiatry SC Government & Law; Psychiatry GA 181BQ UT WOS:000079421100008 PM 10212030 ER PT J AU Rubenstein, LZ AF Rubenstein, LZ TI The importance of including the home environment in assessment of frail older persons SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, GRECC, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. RP Rubenstein, LZ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, GRECC, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 47 IS 1 BP 111 EP 112 PG 2 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 156RY UT WOS:000078016900018 PM 9920239 ER PT J AU Payne, TH AF Payne, TH TI The transition to automated practitioner order entry in a teaching hospital: The VA Puget Sound experience SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Symposium of the American-Medical-Informatics-Association CY NOV 06-10, 1999 CL WASHINGTON, D.C. SP Amer Med Informat Assoc ID PHYSICIAN; MANAGEMENT; IMPACT AB Me recently installed an automated practitioner order entry system on our busiest inpatient wards and critical care units. The installation followed 20 months preparation in which we created the workstation, network, and host infrastructure, developed requisite policies, recruited personnel to support the system, and installed the software in areas where the pace of order entry was less intense. Since implementing automated order entry, we have experienced problems such as an increase in time required for practitioners to enter orders, workflow changes on inpatient units, difficulties with patient transfers, and others. Our user support system has been heavily used during the transition period. Software tailoring and enhancements designed to address these problems are planned, as is installation of the order entry system in remaining clinical units in our medical centers. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Payne, TH (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PY 1999 SU S BP 589 EP 593 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 458RA UT WOS:000170207300121 ER PT J AU Payne, TH Andrews, RD Breeling, J Ben Davoren, J Smith, RM Volpp, B AF Payne, TH Andrews, RD Breeling, J Ben Davoren, J Smith, RM Volpp, B TI Graphing clinical events in the VA Computerized Patient Record System SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Seattle, WA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Brockton, CT USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, San Francisco, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, San Diego, CA USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, W Palm Beach, FL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PY 1999 SU S BP 1137 EP 1137 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 458RA UT WOS:000170207300335 ER PT J AU Meldrum, KC Volpp, BD Vertigan, R AF Meldrum, KC Volpp, BD Vertigan, R TI Department of veterans affairs' Computerized Patient Record System SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Hlth Adm, Salt Lake City, UT USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Hlth Adm, W Palm Beach, FL USA. US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Hlth Adm, Albany, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HANLEY & BELFUS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 210 S 13TH ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19107 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PY 1999 SU S BP 1214 EP 1214 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 458RA UT WOS:000170207300410 ER PT J AU Debiasi, RL Squier, MKT Pike, B Wynes, M Dermody, TS Cohen, JJ Tyler, KL AF Debiasi, RL Squier, MKT Pike, B Wynes, M Dermody, TS Cohen, JJ Tyler, KL TI Reovirus-induced apoptosis is preceded by increased cellular calpain activity and is blocked by calpain inhibitors SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFECTED SCHWANN-CELLS; EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN INJURY; FACTOR-KAPPA-B; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; MYELIN MCALPAIN; MOLECULAR-BASIS; THIOL PROTEASE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GROWTH-FACTORS; DNA-SYNTHESIS AB The cellular pathways of apoptosis have not been fully characterized; however, calpain, a cytosolic calcium-activated cysteine protease, has been implicated in several forms of programmed cell death. Reoviruses induce apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo and serve as a model for studying virus-induced cell death. We investigated the potential role of calpain in reovirus-induced apoptosis in vitro by measuring calpain activity as well as evaluating the effects of calpain inhibitors, L929 cells were infected with reovirus type 3 Abney (T3A), and calpain activity, measured as cleavage of the fluorogenic calpain substrate Suc-Leu-Leu-Val-Tyr-AMC, was monitored. There was a 1.6-fold increase in calpain activity in T3A-infected cells compared to mock-infected cells; this increase was completely inhibited by preincubation with calpain inhibitor I (N-acetyl-leucyl-leucyl-norleucinal [aLLN]), an active site inhibitor. Both aLLN and PD150606, a specific calpain inhibitor that interacts with the calcium-binding site, inhibited reovirus-induced apoptosis in L929 cells by 54 to 93%. Apoptosis induced by UV-inactivated reovirus was also reduced 65 to 69% by aLLN, indicating that inhibition of apoptosis by calpain inhibitors is independent of effects on viral replication. We conclude that calpain activation is a component of the regulatory cascade in reovirus-induced apoptosis. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Immunol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Elizabeth B Lamb Ctr Pediat Res, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Tyler, KL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neurol, B-182,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. EM Ken.Tyler@UCHSC.edu OI Tyler, Kenneth/0000-0003-3294-5888 FU NIA NIH HHS [1RO1AG14071]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI038296, AI38296, R37 AI038296] NR 76 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 73 IS 1 BP 695 EP 701 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 146YP UT WOS:000077461700076 PM 9847375 ER PT J AU Morgan, WW Richardson, A Sharp, ZD Walter, CA AF Morgan, WW Richardson, A Sharp, ZD Walter, CA TI Application of exogenously regulatable promoter systems to transgenic models for the study of aging SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID INDUCIBLE GENE-EXPRESSION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-TFIIB; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; IN-VIVO; ENHANCER PROMOTER; ACTIVATION DOMAIN; EUKARYOTIC CELLS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MICE; TETRACYCLINE AB Transgenic mouse and gene knockout technologies offer powerful tools for dissecting the roles of specific genes in the process of aging. The interpretation of the results of such studies is limited, however by the fact that the gene of interest is over- or underexpressed throughout the life span of the animal model. Among other problems, this situation makes it difficult to separate the effects that a specific gene has on embryological development from those that it may exert on Me subsequent maturation and aging of the animal. It is also not possible with these methods alone to alter the expression of genes ill an age-dependent fashion and to assess the effects of these alterations on the aging process. This capacity would be of particular interest in studying genes which are thought to have a role in regulating physiological homeostasis. Because they offer the opportunity to activate or render inactive the expression of genes at will, exogenously regulatable promoter systems, particularly when used in combination with traditional transgenic or gene knockout approaches, provide a new and potentially very powerful tool for studying the effect of selected genes on aging. This review discusses the merits and limitations of Be application of either the tetracycline-regulatable promoter system, the RU486-inducible promoter system, or the ecdysone-inducible promoter system to exogenously regulate the expression of a transcriptionally linked gene and to thus assess the effect of that gene on aging. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Biotechnol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Morgan, WW (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Cellular & Struct Biol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. EM morgan@UTHSCSA.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [1PO1 AG14674, P03 AG13319]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK52543] NR 68 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1275 K STREET NW SUITE 350, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4006 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 54 IS 1 BP B30 EP B40 DI 10.1093/gerona/54.1.B30 PG 11 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 159GE UT WOS:000078163200006 PM 10026653 ER PT J AU Amrikachi, M Ramzy, I Rone, R Green, LK AF Amrikachi, M Ramzy, I Rone, R Green, LK TI Fine needle aspiration features of gynecomastia: Possible pitfalls in cytodiagnosis SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Severance & Associates, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 79 IS 1 MA 215 BP 40A EP 40A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 162YZ UT WOS:000078376600223 ER PT J AU Khuu, H Conner, M Shultz, J Vanderkwaak, T Alvarez, R Curiel, D Siegal, GP AF Khuu, H Conner, M Shultz, J Vanderkwaak, T Alvarez, R Curiel, D Siegal, GP TI Coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) is a universal marker for ovarian tumors of epithelial derivation. SO LABORATORY INVESTIGATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. Birmingham VAMC, Birmingham, AL USA. RI Siegal, Gene/A-8653-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-6837 J9 LAB INVEST JI Lab. Invest. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 79 IS 1 MA 1030 BP 175A EP 175A PG 1 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pathology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Pathology GA 162YZ UT WOS:000078376601042 ER PT S AU Vescio, RA Berenson, JR AF Vescio, RA Berenson, JR BE Melchers, F Potter, M TI The role of human herpesvirus-8, (HHV-8), in multiple myeloma pathogenesis SO MECHANISMS OF B CELL NEOPLASIA 1998 SE CURRENT TOPICS IN MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Mechanisms of B Cell Neoplasia 1998 CY OCT 04-06, 1998 CL BASEL INST IMMUNOL, BASEL, SWITZERLAND SP Basel Inst Immunol HO BASEL INST IMMUNOL ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; DENDRITIC CELLS; DNA-SEQUENCES; HUMAN-HERPESVIRUS-8; INFECTION; INTERLEUKIN-6; LYMPHOCYTES C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Vescio, RA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0070-217X BN 3-540-65759-2 J9 CURR TOP MICROBIOL JI Curr.Top.Microbiol.Immunol. PY 1999 VL 246 BP 403 EP 409 PG 7 WC Cell Biology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Cell Biology; Immunology; Microbiology GA BN78A UT WOS:000082904200049 PM 10396081 ER PT S AU Duerinckx, AJ Kenagy, JJ Grant, EG AF Duerinckx, AJ Kenagy, JJ Grant, EG BE Blaine, GJ Horii, SC TI Cost analysis of PACS: Fact or fiction? SO MEDICAL IMAGING 1999 - PACS DESIGN AND EVALUATION: ENGINEERING AND CLINICAL ISSUES SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Medical Imaging 1999 Conference CY FEB 21-25, 1999 CL SAN DIEGO, CA SP SPIE, Amer Assoc Physicists Med, Amer Physiol Soc, FDA Ctr Devices & Radiol Hlth, Soc Imaging Sci & Technol, Natl Elect Mfg Assoc/Diagnost Imaging & Therapy Syst Div, Radiol Soc N Amer, Soc Comp Applicat Radiol DE ATM; PACS; cost-analysis; patient care; clinical issues ID INCREMENTAL COST; IMPLEMENTATION; RADIOGRAPHY; NETWORK AB Purpose: To analyze the incremental costs of Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS) and Computed radiography (CR) and to evaluate the key factors affecting a cost-analysis for PACS. Methods: The incremental cash flows (costs) associated with the implementation of PACS and CR in a single 600 bed hospital were analyzed. Key aspects of the PACS implementation and purchase were singled out for their potential for cost-savings in a filmless environment. Results: One cost- model using net-present-value (NPV) predicts zero cost after a 9 to 10 year period of semi-filmless operation. Other models not relying on NPV predict similar results. Many important benefits of PACS technology can not be accounted for by these models. Transient changes in the overall costs can be controlled by transitioning to a fully filmless operation within as short a period as possible. Conclusions: Cost analysis of PACS/CR technology is not trivial and many cost-models are incomplete descriptions of reality. Simplistic cost-models to predict the cost-effectiveness of PACS/CR systems are limited and can not predict important benefits from such technology. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Duerinckx, AJ (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Radiol, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 0-8194-3134-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 1999 VL 3662 BP 253 EP 262 DI 10.1117/12.352752 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Engineering; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BN65S UT WOS:000082493300029 ER PT S AU Guo, ZM Richardson, A AF Guo, ZM Richardson, A BE Bohr, VA Clark, BFC Stevnsner, T TI Effects of aging and dietary restriction on DNA repair SO MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF AGING SE ALFRED BENZON SYMPOSIUM SERIES LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 44th Alfred Benzon Symposium on Molecular Biology of Aging CY JUN 14-18, 1998 CL ROYAL DANISH ACAD SCI & LETTERS, COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SP Royal Danish Acad Sci & Letters HO ROYAL DANISH ACAD SCI & LETTERS ID AGE-RELATED DECREASE; CALORIC RESTRICTION; SOMATIC MUTATION; CELLS; DAMAGE; MICE; RATS; FIBROBLASTS; IRRADIATION; HEPATOCYTES C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Guo, ZM (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD PI COPENHAGEN K PA 35 NORRE SOGADE POSTBOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN K, DENMARK SN 0105-3639 BN 87-16-12176-7 J9 ALFRED BENZON SYMP S PY 1999 VL 44 BP 362 EP 372 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Geriatrics & Gerontology GA BP88U UT WOS:000086496400027 ER PT J AU Stehman-Breen, C Alpers, CE Fleet, WP Johnson, RJ AF Stehman-Breen, C Alpers, CE Fleet, WP Johnson, RJ TI Focal segmental glomerular sclerosis among patients infected with hepatitis C virus SO NEPHRON LA English DT Article DE focal segmental glomerular sclerosis; hepatitis C virus; heroin nephropathy ID MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; RENAL-DISEASE; NEPHROPATHY; GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS AB This study describes the occurence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the setting of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis (FSGS). All patients with the pathologic diagnosis of idiopathic FSGS between 1992 and 1996 at the University of Washington Hospitals were examined using a retrospective cohort study design. FSGS was determined by renal biopsy in the absence of secondary causes. Demographic, laboratory, and outcome data were collected in a standardized fashion. Six patients (50%) were infected with HCV. Patients with HCV infection and FSGS were primarily Black (67%), hypertensive (100%), had a history of intravenous drug abuse (83%), and had normal liver enzymes. Those with HCV infection and a history of IVDA appeared clinically and histologically similar to previously described cases of 'heroin nephropathy'. We demonstrate that there is a high prevalence of HCV infection in our population of patients with idiopathic FSGS. Although this may simply reflect an epiphenomenon, we propose that HCV infection may play a role in the development of FSGS in a predisposed host. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Stehman-Breen, C (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Healthcare Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way,Mailstop 111A, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. EM cos@u.washington.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 07721] NR 22 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0028-2766 J9 NEPHRON JI Nephron PD JAN PY 1999 VL 81 IS 1 BP 37 EP 40 DI 10.1159/000045243 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 162HU UT WOS:000078340700006 PM 9884417 ER PT J AU Nagamoto, HT Adler, LE McRae, KA Huettl, P Cawthra, E Gerhardt, G Hea, R Griffith, J AF Nagamoto, HT Adler, LE McRae, KA Huettl, P Cawthra, E Gerhardt, G Hea, R Griffith, J TI Auditory P50 in schizophrenics on clozapine: Improved gating parallels clinical improvement and changes in plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol SO NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE auditory evoked potential; schizophrenia; clozapine; sensory gating; 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol; homovanillic acid ID CATECHOLAMINE METABOLISM; TREATMENT RESPONSE; NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; PSYCHIATRIC-INPATIENTS; HALOPERIDOL TREATMENT; STIMULATION INTERVAL; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; NOREPINEPHRINE; PSYCHOSIS; DEFICIT AB Schizophrenic patients have decreased inhibition of the P50 auditory evoked potential response to the second of two paired click stimuli delivered 500 ms apart. This deficit in inhibitory gating does not change during treatment with typical neuroleptics. We recently reported that neuroleptic-resistant schizophrenics had enhanced P50 gating after 1 month of clozapine treatment, if they responded with decreased clinical symptoms. This study reports the outcome of more prolonged treatment. Ten treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients were studied at baseline, after 1 month on clozapine, and again after 15 +/- 6.1 (SD) months of clozapine treatment. Eight subjects reached a clinically stable improved state, at which time they had significantly improved P50 auditory gating. One patient had a return of impaired gating after stopping clozapine, as did another during a clinical relapse. Decreasing plasma 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol levels with clozapine treatment were correlated with improved P50 gating and improved Brief Bsychiatric Rating Scale-positive scores. This study provides further evidence that improved P50 gating in schizophrenic patients treated with clozapine coincides with clinical improvement and that this improvement can be sustained for at least 1 year. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO USA. RP Adler, LE (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, C-268-71,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [1 RO1 MH-50787] NR 62 TC 85 Z9 86 U1 1 U2 1 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-282X J9 NEUROPSYCHOBIOLOGY JI Neuropsychobiology PY 1999 VL 39 IS 1 BP 10 EP 17 DI 10.1159/000026553 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 161XA UT WOS:000078313900002 PM 9892854 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Goldstein, G Aldarondo, F AF Allen, DN Goldstein, G Aldarondo, F TI Neurocognitive dysfunction in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and alcoholism SO NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST-PERFORMANCE; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; PREVALENCE; DISORDERS; SYMPTOMS; BRAIN AB The authors administered the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery to schizophrenic groups with (n = 54) and without (n = 217)coexisting alcoholism, nonschizophrenic groups with alcoholism (n = 231), and a patient comparison group (n = 145) to determine the extent of additive cognitive impairment in schizophrenia associated with alcoholism and to compare cognitive function in alcoholism and schizophrenia. The additive effects of alcoholism on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia were subtle but were consistently identifiable. Cognitive dysfunction in alcoholism was less severe than in schizophrenia with or without alcoholism. The magnitude of additive effects of alcoholism on cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia was age related with a significant interaction between age and presence or absence of alcoholism on a global index of cognitive dysfunction. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Psychol Serv 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Allen, DN (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Psychol Serv 151R, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. NR 38 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0894-4105 J9 NEUROPSYCHOLOGY JI Neuropsychology PD JAN PY 1999 VL 13 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.1037/0894-4105.13.1.62 PG 7 WC Psychology, Clinical; Neurosciences; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 162HA UT WOS:000078338800008 PM 10067777 ER PT J AU Gordon, JT Kaminski, DM Rozanov, CB Dratman, MB AF Gordon, JT Kaminski, DM Rozanov, CB Dratman, MB TI Evidence that 3,3 ',5-triiodothyronine is concentrated in and delivered from the locus coeruleus to its noradrenergic targets via anterograde axonal transport SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE chemical lesion; DSP-4; immunohistochemistry; thyroid hormone; tyrosine hydroxylase ID DOPAMINE-BETA-HYDROXYLASE; RAT CEREBRAL-CORTEX; THYROID-HORMONE; HIPPOCAMPAL-FORMATION; CERULEUS NEURONS; HYPOTHYROID RATS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; MESSENGER-RNA; BRAIN; DSP-4 AB Recent immunohistochemical studies of rat brain triiodothyronine reveal heaviest localization in locus coeruleus perikarya. The cellular distribution is similar to that observed in concomitant studies of tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry: heavy clumps of immunoreactive triiodothyronine are distributed within locus coeruleus cytosol and in cell processes, leaving cell nuclei unstained. At the same time, in locus coeruleus targets, cell nuclei as well as surrounding neuropil are prominently triiodothyronine labeled. These observations, combined with diverse evidence Linking thyroid hormone with norepinephrine at many levels of physiological and pathophysiological function, led to the hypothesis that the locus coeruleus binds and accumulates triiodothyronine and delivers the hormone via anterograde axonal transport to postsynaptic locus coeruleus targets, where nuclear triiodothyronine receptors are densely concentrated. Furthermore, the hypothesis predicts that destruction of locus coeruleus nerve terminals would interrupt this neural route of triiodothyronine delivery and prevent or reduce triiodothyronine labeling of nuclear receptors in noradrenergic target cells. To test this formulation, we gave the specific locus coeruleus lesioning agent, N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-2-bromobenzylamine hydrochloride (DSP-4), to adult male rats and examined their brains three, five and seven days thereafter by triiodothyronine and, in alternate sections, tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. Treatment with DSP-4 resulted in specific and selective reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase and triiodothyronine immunohistochemical labeling in cell nuclei and in nerve cell processes within the neuropil of the hippocampus and cerebral cortex at all time periods examined. The results demonstrate that full occupancy of locus coeruleus target cells by triiodothyronine requires the presence of intact locus coeruleus projections and supports the proposal that, like norepinephrine, triiodothyronine delivery to noradrenergic targets occurs through delivery by locus coeruleus terminals. These findings, provide strong support for earlier proposals that triiodothyronine functions as a co-transmitter with norepinephrine in addition to or as part of its genomic role in the cells receiving noradrenergic innervation. (C) 1999 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Med Coll Penn & Hahnemann Univ, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19129 USA. RP Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Res Serv, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [NIMH 45252] NR 59 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4522 EI 1873-7544 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PY 1999 VL 93 IS 3 BP 943 EP 954 DI 10.1016/S0306-4522(99)00146-3 PG 12 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 226KG UT WOS:000082018700012 PM 10473259 ER PT J AU Teter, B Harris-White, ME Frautschy, SA Cole, GM AF Teter, B Harris-White, ME Frautschy, SA Cole, GM TI Role of apolipoprotein E and estrogen in mossy fiber sprouting in hippocampal slice cultures SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE apolipoprotein E; estrogen; neurite sprouting; Alzheimer's disease ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR; E-DEFICIENT MICE; SYNAPTIC PLASMA-MEMBRANES; RAT SCIATIC-NERVE; E GENE-EXPRESSION; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; ORGANOTYPIC CULTURES; LONG-TERM; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; FASCIA DENTATA AB A role for apolipoprotein E is implicated in regeneration of synaptic circuitry after neural injury. The in vitro mouse organotypic hippocampal slice culture system shows Timm's stained mossy fiber sprouting into the dentate gyrus molecular layer in response to deafferentation of the entorhinal cortex. We show that cultures derived from apolipoprotein E knockout mice are defective in this sprouting response; specifically, they show no sprouting in the: dorsal region of the dentate gyrus, yet retain sprouting in the ventral region. Dorsal but not ventral sprouting in cultures from C57Bl/6J mice is increased 75% by treatment with 100 pM 17 beta-estradiol; this response is blocked by both progesterone and tamoxifen. These results show that neuronal sprouting is increased by estrogen in the same region where sprouting is dependent on apolipoprotein E. Sprouting may be stimulated by estrogen through its up-regulation of apolipoprotein E expression leading to increased recycling of membrane lipids for use by sprouting neurons. Estrogen and apolipoprotein E may therefore interact in their modulation of both Alzheimer's disease risk and recovery from CNS injury. C1 Greater Los Angeles Vet Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Neurol, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. RP Teter, B (reprint author), Greater Los Angeles Vet Healthcare Syst, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P50 AG016570, AG-10415, R01 AG010685] NR 84 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4522 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PY 1999 VL 91 IS 3 BP 1009 EP 1016 DI 10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00630-7 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 195JV UT WOS:000080248000016 PM 10391478 ER PT J AU Zhu, JJ Uhlrich, DJ Lytton, WW AF Zhu, JJ Uhlrich, DJ Lytton, WW TI Burst firing in identified rat geniculate interneurons SO NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE thalamus; inhibition; vision; epilepsy ID NEOCORTICAL PYRAMIDAL NEURONS; NUCLEUS-RETICULARIS THALAMI; RECEPTOR-MEDIATED RESPONSES; ACTIVATED CATION CURRENT; RELAY NEURONS; IN-VITRO; ACTION-POTENTIALS; PATCH-CLAMP; BRAIN-STEM; ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES AB We used whole-cell patch recording to study 102 local interneurons in the rat dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in vitro. Input impedance with this technique (607.0 +/- 222.4 M Omega) was far larger than that measured with sharp electrode techniques, suggesting that interneurons may be more electrotonically compact than previously believed. Consistent and robust burst firing was observed in all interneurons when a slight depolarizing boost was given from a potential at, or slightly hyperpolarized from, resting membrane potential. These bursts had some similarities to the low-threshold spike described previously in other thalamic neuron types. The bursting responses were blocked by Ni+, suggesting that the low-threshold calcium current I-T, responsible for the low-threshold spike, was also involved in interneuron burst firing. Compared to the low-threshold spike of thalamocortical cells, however, the interneuron bursts were of relatively long duration and low intraburst frequency. The requirement for a depolarizing boost to elicit the burst is consistent with previous reports of a depolarizing shift of the I-T activation curve of interneurons relative to thalamocortical cells, a finding we confirmed using voltage-clamp. Voltage-clamp study also revealed an additional long-lasting current that could be tentatively identified as the calcium activated non-selective cation current, I-CAN, based on reversal potential and on pharmacological characteristics. Computer simulation of the interneuron burst demonstrated that its particular morphology is likely due to the interaction of I-T and I-CAN. In the slice, bursts could also be elicited by stimulation of the optic tract, suggesting that they may occur in response to natural stimulation. Synaptically triggered bursts were only partially blocked by Ni+, but could then be completely blocked by further addition of (+/-)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid. The existence of robust bursts in this cell type suggests an additional role for interneurons in sculpting sensory responses by feedforward inhibition of thalamocortical cells. The low-threshold spike is a mechanism whereby activity in a neuron is dependent on a prior lack of activity in that same neuron. Understanding of the low-threshold spike in the other major neuron types of the thalamus has brought many new insights into how thalamic oscillations might be involved in sleep and epilepsy. Our description of this phenomenon in the interneurons of the thalamus suggests that these network oscillations might be even more complicated than previously believed. (C) 1999 IBPO. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anat, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lytton, WW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 91 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4522 J9 NEUROSCIENCE JI Neuroscience PY 1999 VL 91 IS 4 BP 1445 EP 1460 DI 10.1016/S0306-4522(98)00665-4 PG 16 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 198RK UT WOS:000080437600024 PM 10391450 ER PT J AU Aronson, WJ Tymchuk, CN Elashoff, RM McBride, WH McLean, C Wang, HJ Heber, D AF Aronson, WJ Tymchuk, CN Elashoff, RM McBride, WH McLean, C Wang, HJ Heber, D TI Decreased growth of human prostate LNCaP tumors in SCID mice fed a low-fat, soy protein diet with isoflavones SO NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CANCER CELLS; GENISTEIN; RISK; AMERICAN; WHITES; IMMIGRANTS; PRODUCTS; ANTIGEN; BLACKS AB Epidemiological studies suggest that high intake of dietary fat is a risk factor for the development of clinical prostate cancer. Soy protein has also been proposed to play a role in the prevention of prostate cancer, and one of the isoflavones in soy protein, genistein, inhibits the growth of human prostate cancer cell lines in vitro. This study was designed to evaluate whether altering dietary fat, soy protein, and isoflavone content affects the growth rate of a human androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP) grown in severe-combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. SCID mice were randomized into four dietary groups. high-fat (42.0 kcal%) + casein, high-fat (42.0 kcal%) + soy protein + isoflavone extract, low-fat (12.0 kcal%) + casein, and low-fat (12.0 kcal%) + soy protein + isoflavone extract. After two weeks on these diets, the mice were injected subcutaneously with 1 x 10(5) LNCaP tumor cells and placed in separate cages (I mouse/cage) to strictly control caloric intake. Isocaloric diets were given 3 days/wk, and tumor sizes were measured once per week. The tumor growth rates were slightly reduced in the group that received the low-fat + soy protein + isoflavone extract diet compared with the other groups combined (p < 0.05). In addition, the final tumor weights were reduced by 15% in the group that received the low-fat + soy protein + isoflavone extract diet compared with the other groups combined (p < 0.05). In this xenograft model for prostate cancer, there were statistically significant effects on tumor growth rate and final tumor weight attributable to a low-fat + soy protein + isoflavone extract diet. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Physiol Sci, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Biostat, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Radiol Sci, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Human Nutr, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Aronson, WJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Urol, Sch Med, Box 951738, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-42710-12, CA-42710-11] NR 29 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 2 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0163-5581 J9 NUTR CANCER JI Nutr. Cancer PY 1999 VL 35 IS 2 BP 130 EP 136 DI 10.1207/S15327914NC352_6 PG 7 WC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Oncology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 284RL UT WOS:000085346200006 PM 10693166 ER PT J AU Pekary, AE Sattin, A Lloyd, RL AF Pekary, AE Sattin, A Lloyd, RL TI Electroconvulsive seizures increase levels of pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2 (EEP) in rat brain SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE EEP; TRH; HPLC; radioimmunoassay; forced swim test; electroconvulsive seizures; rat brain; blood-brain barrier; affective disorders; antidepressant ID THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; PYROGLUTAMYL-GLUTAMYL-PROLINEAMIDE; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; FORCED SWIMMING TEST; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; TRH RECEPTORS; PEPTIDE; PITUITARY; PRECURSOR; INSULIN AB We have previously reported that electroconvulsive seizures (ECS) increases the level of prepro-TRH-derived peptides in hippocampus, amygdala and pyriform cortex but not the striatum of male rats and that this increase is significantly correlated with reduced immobility (increased swimming) in the Porsolt forced swim test. An abstract by Mabrouk and Bennett published in 1993 described increased locomotor activity in rats following IP injection of TRH (pGlu-His-Pro-NH2) and EEP (pGlu-Glu-Pro-NH2). We have examined the effect of three daily transcorneal ECS on the levels of EEP in various brain regions and their correlation with results from the Porsolt forced swim test. The EEP level (ng/g wet weight) was measured by RIA in 6 brain regions: amygdala (AY), hippocampus (HC), pyriform cortex (PYR), anterior cortex (AC), striatum (STR) and motor cortex (MC). ECS significantly increased EEP levels in AY, HC and PYR. The increased swim behavior following ECS, as measured in the Porsolt test, correlated significantly with the EEP levels in HC and MC within individual subjects. Intraperitoneal (IP) injection of EEP (1.0 mg/kg) resulted in a rapid and sustained rise in EEP levels throughout the brain and a clearance half-time from blood of 2.0 h. Intracardiac injection of 0.5 mg EEP resulted in a peak EEP level in CSF at 2 h followed by a t(1/2) of 0.35 h. A 3 compartment model for EEP transport from blood into CSF and then brain was developed. This model revealed a 1.75 h delay in the transit time of EEP from blood to CSF followed by rapid clearance from the CSF but long retention time within various brain tissues. We conclude that (1) ECS significantly increases EEP levels in limbic regions, but not in striatum, of the rat brain, (2) EEP, like TRH, is a potential mediator of the antidepressant effect of ECS and (3) EEP, after IP or IV administration, is readily taken up by, and has a long residence time in, brain tissue. (C) 1999 by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Psychol, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. RP Pekary, AE (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 60 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PY 1999 VL 20 IS 1 BP 107 EP 119 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(98)00140-5 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 174HG UT WOS:000079028200014 PM 10098631 ER PT J AU Kosoyan, HP Wei, JY Tache, Y AF Kosoyan, HP Wei, JY Tache, Y TI Intracisternal sauvagine is more potent than corticotropin-releasing factor to decrease gastric vagal efferent activity in rats SO PEPTIDES LA English DT Article DE corticotropin-releasing factor receptor antagonist; intracisternal; vagus; parasympathetic nervous system; sauvagine; gastric vagal efferent activity ID STRESS-RELATED ALTERATIONS; COLONIC MOTOR FUNCTION; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; CRF; BRAIN; HORMONE; INHIBITION; ANTAGONIST; NUCLEUS; PROSTAGLANDIN AB Consecutive intracisternal (ic) injections of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) (21, 63, and 126 pmol, ic) or sauvagine (2.1, 6.3, and 21 pmol, ic) decreased gastric vagal efferent multiunit discharge (GVED) to 82%, 75% and 69% and 71%, 40% and 21%, respectively, from preinjection basal levels (taken as 100%). The inhibitory action was dose related (magnitude and duration of the response, 7-45 min). The CRF antagonist, [D-Phe(12),Nle(21,38),C-alpha-MeLeu(37)]-rCRF(12-41) (6.25 nmol, ic) increased GVED by 43.5 +/- 4.3% and blocked the decrease in GVED induced by CRF (21 pmol, ic) for >90 min with a complete recovery after 3 h. Vehicles (injected intracisternally) had no effect. These data indicate that: 1) CRF injected intracisternally decreases GVED through the activation of CRF receptors and sauvagine is more potent than CRF to inhibit GVED; and 2) endogenous CRF exerts an inhibitory tone on basal GVED in urethane-anesthetized rats undergoing surgery. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Digest Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Inst Brain Res, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Kosoyan, HP (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-33061, DK-41301] NR 48 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0196-9781 J9 PEPTIDES JI Peptides PY 1999 VL 20 IS 7 BP 851 EP 858 DI 10.1016/S0196-9781(99)00072-8 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 228XX UT WOS:000082163700010 PM 10477086 ER PT S AU van Kammen, DP McAllister-Sistilli, CG Kelley, ME Gurklis, JA Yao, JK AF van Kammen, DP McAllister-Sistilli, CG Kelley, ME Gurklis, JA Yao, JK BE Muller, N TI Methodological concerns in the study of the immune system in schizophrenia SO PSYCHIATRY, PSYCHOIMMUNOLOGY, AND VIRUSES SE KEY TOPICS IN BRAIN RESEARCH LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Expert Meeting in Psychoneuroimmunology CY 1997 CL MUNICH, GERMANY ID HALOPERIDOL WITHDRAWAL; SERUM INTERLEUKIN-6; PLASMA-LEVELS; HUMAN BLOOD; CYTOKINE; DEPRESSION; CLOZAPINE; RECEPTOR; RELAPSE; IL-6 AB Background. Studies of immune measures in schizophrenia have shown differences with control subjects on a number of measures. However, immune measures are often not detectable in the serum or CSF of human samples and in many studies it is not clear how this was dealt with in the analysis. Methods. CSF IL-6 was measured by ELISA in 61 drug free male schizophrenic (DSM-IIIR) patients and 25 well-screened healthy male control subjects. Serum IL-6 was measured in 43 of the 61 patients, and in 16 control subjects. Data were analyzed with and without non-detectable values to determine if this affected the results. Results. Using a value of "0" for non-detectable values resulted in significant differences between patients and controls in plasma interleukin-6. However, if these values were treated as missing, the difference was not significant. Conclusions. The treatment of non-detectable immune measures has demonstrable effects on the analysis and interpretation of the results. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP van Kammen, DP (reprint author), RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Global Clin Res & Dev, 920 Route 202,Room 2312,POB 300, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG WIEN PI VIENNA PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, A-1201 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0934-1420 BN 3-211-83249-1 J9 KEY TOP BRAIN RES PY 1999 BP 63 EP 69 PG 7 WC Immunology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry; Virology SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry; Virology GA BN34Z UT WOS:000081678600007 ER PT J AU Hamner, M Hunt, N Gee, J Garrell, R Monroe, R AF Hamner, M Hunt, N Gee, J Garrell, R Monroe, R TI PTSD and automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ANXIETY; RESPONSES; SYMPTOMS C1 Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Psychiat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Hamner, M (reprint author), Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 109 Bee St, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PRESS, INC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST, N W, STE 1101, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD JAN-FEB PY 1999 VL 40 IS 1 BP 82 EP 85 PG 4 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 160LV UT WOS:000078232900013 PM 9989127 ER PT J AU Monga, U Kerrigan, AJ Thornby, J Monga, TN AF Monga, U Kerrigan, AJ Thornby, J Monga, TN TI Prospective study of fatigue in localized prostate cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy SO RADIATION ONCOLOGY INVESTIGATIONS LA English DT Article DE fatigue; prostate cancer; radiotherapy ID EPWORTH SLEEPINESS SCALE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; THERAPY; RADIATION; CHEMOTHERAPY; DEPRESSION; DIAGNOSIS; DISTRESS AB The objectives were to (1) prospectively evaluate fatigue utilizing validated instruments in patients with localized prostate cancer, and (2) examine the relationships between fatigue, depression, quality of life, and sleep disturbance. The instruments used included: Piper Fatigue Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Prostate Scale. Data on cancer stage, prostate specific antigen levels, hematocrit, patient's body weight and radiation dosage were recorded. Patients were evaluated preradiotherapy, middle of radiotherapy, completion of radiotherapy, and at 4-5 weeks follow-up. Thirty-six veterans with localized prostate cancer were studied. Mean age was 66.9 years (range 55-79). Duration of treatment was 7-8 weeks. Univariate procedure and Wilcoxon Signed Rank-test mere used to examine changes in pretreatment scores for each of the three subsequent study periods. To adjust for multiple comparisons Bonferroni test was used. Spearman Correlations were calculated among parameters. No significant changes were noted in mean scores of hematocrit and body weight during the study period. On the Piper Fatigue Scale, adjusted for multiple comparisons, the median scores were significantly higher at completion of radiotherapy as compared with preradiotherapy values. Three patients (8%) were experienced fatigue according to Piper Fatigue Scale before treatment as compared to nine patients (25%) at completion of radiotherapy. On Prostate Cancer Specific and Physical Well Being subscales of the Functional Assessment for Prostate Cancer Therapy, the scores were significantly lower at middle and completion of radiotherapy than at pretreatment. At preradiotherapy, middle of radiotherapy, completion of radiotherapy and follow-up evaluation, patients scoring higher on the Piper Fatigue Scale were more likely to report a poorer quality of Physical Well Being on Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Prostates. No significant changes were noted in the Beck Depression Inventory and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores during treatment. Eight patients scored 10 or more on the Beck Depression Inventory before starting radiotherapy, suggesting depressive symptomatology. Of these, only seven patients scored 10 or more at completion of treatment. The incidence of fatigue is lower in our study than in previously published data. A relationship exists between fatigue scores and physical well being subscale scores. Higher scores on the Piper Fatigue Scale at the completion of radiotherapy, as well as no changes on depression and sleepiness scales, suggest that fatigue may not be the result of depression or sleep disturbance. Based upon our previous work, we propose that the physical expression of fatigue may be secondary to a decline in neuromuscular efficiency and enhanced muscle fatigue. Published 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.(dagger). C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Psychol Serv, Houston, TX USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston, TX USA. Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Houston, TX USA. RP Monga, U (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, Radiotherapy Serv 190, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 34 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 1065-7541 J9 RADIAT ONCOL INVESTI JI Radiat. Oncol. Investig. PY 1999 VL 7 IS 3 BP 178 EP 185 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1520-6823(1999)7:3<178::AID-ROI7>3.0.CO;2-0 PG 8 WC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Oncology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 233DP UT WOS:000082410500007 PM 10406060 ER PT J AU Meissner, HH Santiago, SM Koyal, SN Riemer, A Stein, M Goldman, MD Williams, AJ AF Meissner, HH Santiago, SM Koyal, SN Riemer, A Stein, M Goldman, MD Williams, AJ TI Characteristics of nasal airflow and the effect of a nasal dilator in normal human subjects SO RESPIRATION PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE air flow, nasal; mammals, humans; resistance, nasal; upper airways, nasal resistance, air flow ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; FLOW; RESISTANCE AB Nasal resistance contributes to negative airway pressure during breathing. We sought to define normal patterns of nasal Bow and the effects of mechanical dilatation and splinting of the nares on flow during forced inspiration and expiration. Maximal inspiratory and expiratory flow volume loops (FVL) were determined in 17 normal subjects. Oral FVL were obtained with nares clamped and nasal FVL through a mask with and without dilatation of nares using a plastic splint (Nozovent(R)). Oral FVL were normal in all. Two patterns of nasal FVL were observed: one indicating 'variable' extrathoracic obstruction, the other indicating 'fixed' extrathoracic obstruction. Maximal inspiratory flow at 50% of vital capacity (FIF50) was improved by the Nozovent(R) only in those with a 'variable' pattern (FIF50 (L/sec): 1.54 +/- 0.3 to 1.86 +/- 0.5; P < 0.05, versus 1.92 +/- 0.3 to 2.21 +/- 0.3; P = 0.5), In subjects with a fixed pattern, failure of dilatation of the nares to increase flow suggests that the site of inspiratory Bow limitation is within the bony nostril. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. St Thomas Hosp, Lane Fox Resp Unit, London SE1 7EH, England. RP Meissner, HH (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0034-5687 J9 RESP PHYSIOL JI Respir. Physiol. PD JAN 1 PY 1999 VL 115 IS 1 BP 95 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0034-5687(98)00100-5 PG 7 WC Physiology; Respiratory System SC Physiology; Respiratory System GA 191GX UT WOS:000080015500009 PM 10344418 ER PT J AU Vorwerk, CK Bonheur, J Kreutz, MR Dreyer, EB Laev, H AF Vorwerk, CK Bonheur, J Kreutz, MR Dreyer, EB Laev, H TI GM1 ganglioside administration protects spinal neurons after glutamate excitotoxicity SO RESTORATIVE NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE ganglioside; glutamate; spinal cord; in vitro; LDH; immunohistochemistry ID CONCUSSIVE BRAIN INJURY; EXCITATORY AMINO-ACIDS; CORD INJURY; MONOSIALOGANGLIOSIDE GM1; EXTRACELLULAR LEVELS; IN-VIVO; NEUROTOXICITY; RAT; ISCHEMIA; CELLS AB Injury of the nervous system initiates a cascade of signal transduction including a rise in extracellular glutamate which leads to subsequent secondary neuronal loss. Excitotoxicity is known to play a crucial role in cell death during spinal cord trauma. Gangliosides, particularly monosialogangliosides (GM1), are protective against various neurological insults, including excitotoxicity. Gangliosides may improve outcome following human spinal cord injury in humans. To further explore the relationship between excitotoxicity and GM1, dissociated murine spinal cord preparations were exposed to glutamate (0.5 mM) with the subsequent administration of GM1 (80 mu M) at 8 and 13 days in culture. The addition of GM1 30 minutes after exposure to glutamate significantly reduced neuronal damage and preserved membrane structure and integrity. These results demonstrate that post-treatment with GM1 gangliosides after glutamate-induced excitotoxicity is effective in protecting spinal cord neurons. C1 Vet Adm, Dept Ophthalmol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Otto von Guericke Univ, Inst Med Psychol, AG Mol & Cell Neurobiol, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany. Leibniz Inst Neurobiol, Dept Neurochem Mol Biol, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany. New York State Psychiat Inst, Div Neurosci, New York, NY 10032 USA. Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Vorwerk, CK (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 37 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA VAN DIEMENSTRAAT 94, 1013 CN AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0922-6028 J9 RESTOR NEUROL NEUROS JI Restor. Neurol. Neurosci. PY 1999 VL 14 IS 1 BP 47 EP 51 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 194FV UT WOS:000080182200004 ER PT J AU Sarraf, D Gin, T Yu, F Brannon, A Owens, SL Bird, AC AF Sarraf, D Gin, T Yu, F Brannon, A Owens, SL Bird, AC TI Long-term drusen study SO RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE age-related macular degeneration; choroidal neovascularization; drusen; drusen grading; high-risk drusen; geographic atrophy; Kaplan-Meier ID DISCIFORM MACULAR DEGENERATION; RETINAL-PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; RISK-FACTORS; 2ND EYE; PROGNOSIS; NEOVASCULARIZATION; ABNORMALITIES; PREVALENCE; EVOLUTION AB Purpose: To determine the yearly incidence of visual loss in the fellow eyes of patients with unilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) and to assess the drusen characteristics portending the greatest risk for this outcome. Methods: A total of 101 patients with unilateral exudative ARMD and drusen only in the fellow eye were entered into the study and prospectively followed up to 9 years. Visual acuity, color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, and grading of drusen characteristics were obtained for each patient on entry into the study. Patients were followed at annual intervals with color fundus photography. The study endpoint was the development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) or geographic atrophy (GA) in the fellow eye. Results: Yearly incidence rates for the development of an endpoint lesion were between 5 and 14%. The risk of CNV peaked at 4 years and dissipated thereafter. Longer follow-up was associated with a slightly increased incidence of GA. Greater drusen number was most highly associated with the development of an endpoint lesion. Drusen size and confluence were also significant. Conclusions: The risk of CNV in patients with ARMD is heralded by an increase in the number, size, and confluence of drusen. This risk eventually declines and is followed by later increased risk of GA. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Ophthalmol Sect, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Royal Victoria Hosp, Dept Ophthalmol, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Jules Stein Eye Inst, Ctr Eye Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Los Angeles, CA USA. Moorfields Eye Hosp, London, England. RP Sarraf, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Jules Stein Eye Inst, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0275-004X J9 RETINA-J RET VIT DIS JI Retin.-J. Retin. Vitr. Dis. PY 1999 VL 19 IS 6 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1097/00006982-199911000-00006 PG 7 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 403KZ UT WOS:000167042200006 PM 10606451 ER PT J AU Castillo, PR Reinoso, MA AF Castillo, PR Reinoso, MA TI Respiratory dysfunction associated with acute cerebrovascular events SO REVISTA ECUATORIANA DE NEUROLOGIA LA English DT Review ID MECHANICAL VENTILATION; ISCHEMIC STROKE; INTUBATION C1 Baylor Coll Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Sect, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Houston Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOCIEDAD ECUATORIANA NEUROLOG PI GUAYAQUIL PA REVISTA ECUATORIANA NEUROLOGIA PO BOX (09-01) 3734, GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR SN 1019-8113 J9 REV ECUAT NEUROL JI Rev. Ecuat. Neurol. PY 1999 VL 8 IS 1-2 BP 18 EP 22 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 229MU UT WOS:000082199000004 ER PT J AU Kern, RS Green, MF Marshall, BD Wirshing, WC Wirshing, D McGurk, SR Marder, SR Mintz, J AF Kern, RS Green, MF Marshall, BD Wirshing, WC Wirshing, D McGurk, SR Marder, SR Mintz, J TI Risperidone versus haloperidol on secondary memory: Can newer medications aid learning? SO SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE risperidone; haloperidol; verbal learning; memory; California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT) ID PSYCHIATRIC-SYMPTOMS; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION; SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; CLOZAPINE; DEFICITS; NEUROLEPTICS; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; SEROTONIN; SKILLS AB The introduction of the new generation of antipsychotic medications for the treatment of schizophrenia has been accompanied by a growing interest in the neurocognitive effects of these drugs. The present study compared the effects of risperidone and haloperidol on secondary memory in a group of treatment-resistant schizophrenia patients. The study design included a baseline phase and two double-blind phases in which patients were randomly assigned to medication under two different dose conditions (fixed dose and flexible dose). Secondary memory was assessed at baseline, fixed-dose, and flexible-dose phases, using the California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT). Six measures were selected, which formed three factors (general verbal learning ability, retention, and learning strategy). Risperidone-treated patients showed greater improvement than haloperidol-treated patients in general verbal learning ability, a finding characterized by significant treatment effects on CVLT measures of learning acquisition, recall consistency, and recognition memory. After controlling for benztropine status, differences on the measures of learning acquisition and recall consistency remained significant, and differences in recognition memory weakened slightly (p = 0.07). No significant treatment effects were noted on retention or learning strategy. These findings suggest that risperidone may exert a facilitating effect on the acquisition of new verbal information, an effect that does not appear to be due to the activation of semantic encoding strategies. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Schizophrenia Inpatient & Treatment Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Res Treatment & Rehabil Psychosis, Methodol & Stat Support Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Las Posadas Serv Ctr, Camarillo, CA USA. Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. RP Kern, RS (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Schizophrenia Inpatient & Treatment Unit, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,MIRECC 210A, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 40 TC 76 Z9 76 U1 2 U2 2 PU US GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE PI WASHINGTON PA SUPERINTENDENT DOCUMENTS,, WASHINGTON, DC 20402-9325 USA SN 0586-7614 J9 SCHIZOPHRENIA BULL JI Schizophr. Bull. PY 1999 VL 25 IS 2 BP 223 EP 232 PG 10 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 203QQ UT WOS:000080718700005 PM 10416728 ER PT B AU Marder, S AF Marder, S BE Gattaz, WF Hafner, H TI Treatment research and the causes of schizophrenia SO SEARCH FOR THE CAUSES OF SCHIZOPHRENIA, VOL IV: BALANCE OF THE CENTURY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th Symposium on the Search for the Causes of Schizophrenia CY NOV, 1998 CL GUARUJA, BRAZIL ID RISPERIDONE C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Dept 116A, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Marder, S (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychiat Dept 116A, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Gattaz, Wagner/C-4456-2012 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU STEINKOPFF DARMSTADT PI BERLIN 33 PA C/O SPRINGER VERLAG, HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, 1000 BERLIN 33, GERMANY BN 3-7985-1172-1 PY 1999 BP 367 EP 370 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA BN88P UT WOS:000083329200027 ER PT J AU Aslam, N Palevsky, PM AF Aslam, N Palevsky, PM TI Real-time ultrasound for placement of dialysis catheters: A new standard of care SO SEMINARS IN DIALYSIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTERNAL JUGULAR-VEIN; LANDMARK-GUIDED TECHNIQUE; ACUTE HEMODIALYSIS ACCESS; VENOUS CATHETERS; CANNULATION; COMPLICATIONS; INSERTION C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Renal Sect, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. RP Palevsky, PM (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Renal Sect, Room 4N173,Univ Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 0894-0959 J9 SEMIN DIALYSIS JI Semin. Dial. PD JAN-FEB PY 1999 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 4 DI 10.1046/j.1525-139X.1999.t01-1-12103.x PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 160FT UT WOS:000078220300001 ER PT J AU Berenson, JR Bergsagel, PL Munshi, N AF Berenson, JR Bergsagel, PL Munshi, N TI Initiation and maintenance of multiple myeloma SO SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SARCOMA-ASSOCIATED HERPESVIRUS; BONE-MARROW; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; GROWTH-FACTOR; ANGIOGENESIS; GENE; TRANSLOCATIONS; PROGRESSION; EXPRESSION; PATHWAY C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Cornell Univ, Med Ctr, New York Hosp, Dept Med,Div Hematol, New York, NY 10021 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Berenson, JR (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RI Bergsagel, Peter/A-7842-2011 OI Bergsagel, Peter/0000-0003-1523-7388 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0037-1963 J9 SEMIN HEMATOL JI Semin. Hematol. PD JAN PY 1999 VL 36 IS 1 SU 3 BP 9 EP 13 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 160NP UT WOS:000078237000003 PM 9989483 ER PT J AU Bird, TD AF Bird, TD TI Risks and benefits of DNA testing for neurogenetic disorders SO SEMINARS IN NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA testing; neurogenetic disorders; genetic counseling ID HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; ABNORMALITIES; DYSTROPHIN; PHENOTYPE; ATAXIA AB DNA testing for mutations in genes causing neurogenetic disorders is becoming a common practice in clinical neurology, The tests are highly sensitive and specific, They are especially valuable in establishing diagnoses in symptomatic patients. These DNA tests are also used in asymptomatic persons at risk for genetic diseases who wish to determine whether or not they have inherited an abnormal gene. There are risks and benefits to such asymptomatic, predictive testing. A number of complex issues need to be considered including precipitation of depression, prenatal diagnosis and testing of children, impact on insurance and employment, legal aspects, possible third-party coercion, and an understanding of each test's limitations. Therefore, these DNA tests need to be used with careful clinical judgment and in the context of each individual patient and family. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, VA Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, VA Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Bird, TD (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Geriatr Res Ctr, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0271-8235 J9 SEMIN NEUROL JI Semin. Neurol. PY 1999 VL 19 IS 3 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1055/s-2008-1040841 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 262QB UT WOS:000084077000003 PM 12194381 ER PT J AU Cummings, DE Merriam, GR AF Cummings, DE Merriam, GR TI Age-related changes in growth hormone secretion: Should the somatopause be treated? SO SEMINARS IN REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aging; growth hormone (GH, somatotropin); GH deficiency; GH-releasing hormone (GHRH); pituitary ID GH-RELEASING HORMONE; FACTOR-I AXIS; BODY-COMPOSITION; ELDERLY MEN; OLDER MEN; DEFICIENT CHILDREN; CIRCULATING LEVELS; INCREASED RISK; ADULTS; WOMEN AB Growth hormone (GH) secretion declines progressively with aging, and many age-related changes resemble those of the adult GH deficiency (GHD) syndrome, including a decrease in lean body mass; an increase in body fat, especially in the visceral/abdominal compartment; adverse changes in lipoproteins; and a reduction in aerobic capacity. The increase in central obesity can further inhibit GH secretion. GPI replacement is effective in reversing many of these changes in adult GHD, and GH is now FDA approved for treatment of adults with documented GHD or hypopituitarism, although there is still only limited experience with its long-term benefits, side effects, and risks. This early experience with GHD has led to speculation that replacing GH or stimulating its secretion may also be beneficial in normal aging, and to widespread off-label use of GH in this context; however, there are still very few well controlled studies of the effects and side effects of GH or GH secretagogues in aging. All published studies are of 6 months or shorter treatment periods. From this limited experience there is a consensus that GH has effects on body composition, but reports disagree on effects on psychological or physical functional performance. Older adults are much more susceptible to the dose-related side effects of GH, including peripheral edema, carpal tunnel syndrome, and a variable decrease in insulin sensitivity; and it is not known whether chronic GH treatment affects the risk of malignancy or has other long-term risks. Thus while short-term results are somewhat encouraging, the evidence on risks and clinically pertinent benefits is still lacking to support the use of GH in normal aging outside of clinical studies. Ln evaluating patients with clinical features suggesting GHD, which can be quite nonspecific, it is important to assess the presence or absence of true GH deficiency by the context (pituitary disease or its treatment, childhood GHD) and by appropriate GH stimulation tests before considering GH replacement. C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Merriam, GR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, A-151,Bldg 18S,Room 5,9600 Vet Blvd SW, Lakewood, WA 98493 USA. NR 72 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0734-8630 J9 SEMIN REPROD ENDOCR JI Semin. Reprod. Endocrinol. PY 1999 VL 17 IS 4 BP 311 EP 325 PG 15 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 312HW UT WOS:000086938700006 PM 10851571 ER PT J AU Jubran, A AF Jubran, A TI Monitoring mechanics during mechanical ventilation SO SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE resistance; compliance; ventilators ID END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS-SYNDROME; AIR-FLOW OBSTRUCTION; ANESTHETIZED PARALYZED HUMANS; CHEST-WALL MECHANICS; COPD PATIENTS; INTRINSIC PEEP; MUSCLE-ACTIVITY; SUPPORT VENTILATION AB Patients with acute respiratory failure necessitating mechanical ventilation have significant abnormalities in pulmonary mechanics, yet formal assessment of their nature is rarely included in clinical decision making, Because of our increased understanding of the pathophysiology, together with the rapid, technological advances, assessment of respiratory mechanics-resistance, compliance, and work of breathing-can be safely and rapidly performed in the intensive care unit (ICU), This chapter provides a review of abnormalities in respiratory mechanics that can be monitored during passive and spontaneous breathing, a description of the methods and techniques, and a summary of clinical observations and applications in critically ill patients. C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Hines, IL 60141 USA. Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Hines, IL USA. RP Jubran, A (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Route 111N, Hines, IL 60141 USA. NR 107 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 1069-3424 J9 SEM RESP CRIT CARE M JI Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 1999 VL 20 IS 1 BP 65 EP 79 DI 10.1055/s-2007-1009447 PG 15 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 177CD UT WOS:000079189100008 ER PT J AU Freebourn, TM Barber, DB Able, AC AF Freebourn, TM Barber, DB Able, AC TI The treatment of immature heterotopic ossification in spinal cord injury with combination surgery, radiation therapy and NSAID SO SPINAL CORD LA English DT Article DE heterotopic ossification; spinal cord injury; nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents; radiation therapy ID HIP AB Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a frequent complication associated with spinal cord injury. Management of HO consists of a combination of range-of-motion, diphosphonates nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents, radiation therapy, and in some cases, surgical resection. The appropriate timing of surgical resection has traditionally been based on maturity of the HO. The case presented is that of a 33-year-old male with T8 complete paraplegia who developed HO about the left hip resulting in impaired sitting. The patient underwent successful surgical wedge resection of the HO despite apparent immaturity of the HO. A comprehensive review of the literature is presented which suggests that early resection of immature HO may not be predictive of a higher recurrence rate. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Spinal Cord Injury Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Barber, DB (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 28 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE RG21 6XS, HAMPSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1362-4393 J9 SPINAL CORD JI Spinal Cord PD JAN PY 1999 VL 37 IS 1 BP 50 EP 53 DI 10.1038/sj.sc.3100719 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 161QZ UT WOS:000078301600010 PM 10025696 ER PT S AU Porte, D AF Porte, D BE Hansen, BC Saye, J Wennogle, LP TI Mechanisms for hyperglycemia in the Metabolic Syndrome - The key role of beta-cell dysfunction SO THE METABOLIC SYNDROME X: CONVERGENCE OF INSULIN RESISTANCE, GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE, HYPERTENSION, OBESITY, AND DYSLIPIDEMIAS-SEARCHING FOR THE UNDERLYING DEFECTS SE ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on The Metabolic Syndrome X - Convergence of Insulin Resistance, Glucose Intolerance, Hypertension, Obesity, and Dyslipidemias-Searching for the Underlying Defects CY FEB 19-22, 1999 CL JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA SP New York Acad Sci, Parke Davis Pharmaceut Res Inst, Janssen Res Fdn, Knoll Pharmaceut Co, Novartis Pharma AG, Amer Heart Assoc Council Circulat, Bristol Myers Squibb, Pharmaceut Res Inst, DuPont Pharmaceut Co, GelTex Pharmaceut Inc, Genome Therapeut Corp, Inst Diabet Discovery Inc, Lilly Res Labs, Div Endocrine Res & Clin Invest, Merck Res Labs, Schering Plough Res Inst, Smithkline Beecham Pharmaceut ID DEPENDENT DIABETES-MELLITUS; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; JAPANESE-AMERICAN MEN; INSULIN-SECRETION; TARGETED DISRUPTION; GLUCOKINASE GENE; WEIGHT-GAIN; NIDDM; SENSITIVITY; MICE AB Hyperglycemia in Type 2 diabetes represents a steady-state re-regulation of plasma glucose to a higher-than-normal Level after an overnight fast. The underlying pathophysiology represents an interaction between impaired beta-cell function and peripheral and hepatic insulin resistance which leads to abnormal hepatic glucose production. Subjects with the Metabolic Syndrome are at an increased risk for Type 2 diabetes and often have one or both of these disorders present even when glucose tolerance is normal. Thus, sophisticated measures of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity demonstrate a high frequency in populations characterized as having a high prevalence of atherosclerosis, central obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia with or without impaired glucose tolerance. Hyperglycemia compensates for the impairment of beta-cell function and therefore, in our view, the beta-cell is the critical factor in its development. Hyperinsulinemia, a curvilinear compensation for insulin resistance that is closely correlated with central adiposity, is another important predictor of hyperglycemia. In a Japanese-American population followed for five years, impaired beta-cell function was present at baseline and preceded the accumulation of intraabdominal fat in those who developed Type 2 diabetes five years later. This interaction between these two pathophysiologic abnormalities in this sequence supports the hypothesis that beta-cell dysfunction contributes to the development of central adiposity by reduced CNS insulin signaling. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. RP Porte, D (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU NEW YORK ACAD SCIENCES PI NEW YORK PA 2 EAST 63RD ST, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA SN 0077-8923 BN 1-57331-207-X J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 1999 VL 892 BP 73 EP 83 DI 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07786.x PG 11 WC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Multidisciplinary Sciences; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physiology GA BP20K UT WOS:000084392400006 PM 10842653 ER PT J AU Fukata, S Kuma, K Sugawara, M AF Fukata, S Kuma, K Sugawara, M TI Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) does not improve recovery from antithyroid drug-induced agranulocytosis: A prospective study SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID METHIMAZOLE-INDUCED AGRANULOCYTOSIS AB Agranulocytosis is the most serious side effect of antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy. We conducted prospective and randomized studies to examine whether granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is actually effective for ATD-induced agranulocytosis. Twenty-four patients with Graves' disease who developed agranulocytosis during ATD therapy were randomly divided into a G-CSF group (n = 14) and an untreated group (n = 10). Subcutaneous injection of G-CSF (100 to 250 mu g) was given daily until neutrophil counts rose to greater than 1000/mu L. The untreated group received antibiotic therapy only. Recovery time, which is defined as the number of days required for neutrophil counts to exceed 500/mu L, was monitored by daily complete blood count (CBC). Recovery time in the G-CSF-treated group did not differ from that of the untreated group in those patients with moderate and severe agranulocytosis; thus, prolonged use of G-CSF treatment is generally ineffective for ATD-induced agranulocytosis. C1 Kuma Hosp, Chuo Ku, Kobe, Hyogo 6500011, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Fukata, S (reprint author), Kuma Hosp, Chuo Ku, 8-2-35 Shimoyamate Dori, Kobe, Hyogo 6500011, Japan. NR 10 TC 59 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL PI LARCHMONT PA 2 MADISON AVENUE, LARCHMONT, NY 10538 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD JAN PY 1999 VL 9 IS 1 BP 29 EP 31 DI 10.1089/thy.1999.9.29 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 164WX UT WOS:000078487500006 PM 10037073 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Martin, P AF Rosen, HR Martin, P TI Hepatitis C infection in patients undergoing liver retransplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Physicians CY MAY 09-13, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Soc Transplant Physicians ID RISK-FACTORS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS AB Background. There is concern that repeat orthotopic liver transplantation in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may be associated with poor long-term survival. The specific aims of the current analysis were to determine (1) the prevalence of HCV infection in a large cohort of patients undergoing retransplantation, (2) define the impact of HCV infection on patient survival, and (3) determine the predictors of outcome of HCV-positive patients undergoing retransplantation for graft failure not caused by primary nonfunction. Methods. We analyzed the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) registry data of 1539 adults undergoing orthotopic liver retransplantation between January 1990 and February 1996; 357 patients (23%) were HCV-positive. Results. The prevalence of HCV infection increased significantly from 6.5% in 1990 to 38.4% in 1995 (P<0.0001). Comparing the HCV-positive versus HCV-negative groups, there were no significant differences with regards to age, time to retransplantation, biochemical parameters immediately preceding retransplantation, UNOS registry status mix, or cause of graft failure (% with primary nonfunction). However, Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly diminished survival in the HCV-positive group (P=0.0038, log-rank test; relative risk, 1.36; 95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.71). Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the subgroup of HCV-positive patients undergoing retransplantation for graft failure not caused by primary nonfunction identified preoperative serum bilirubin and serum creatinine as significant predictors of outcome. Seven of 207 (3.4%) patients undergoing retransplantation died of recurrent HCV in their second allografts. Conclusion. The prevalence of HCV infection in patients undergoing retransplantation appears to have significantly increased since 1990. HCV infection is an independent risk factor for death after retransplantation, However, acceptable results are attainable in highly selected patients, i.e., those patients without severe hyperbilirubinemia and renal failure, and retransplantation remains the only viable option for patients whose allografts fail because of recurrent disease. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. United Network Organ Sharing Sci Data Registry, Richmond, VA USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034,P3-GI, Portland, OR 97207 USA. NR 24 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD DEC 27 PY 1998 VL 66 IS 12 BP 1612 EP 1616 DI 10.1097/00007890-199812270-00007 PG 5 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 155QU UT WOS:000077958500007 PM 9884247 ER PT J AU Rosen, HR Corless, CL Rabkin, J Chou, S AF Rosen, HR Corless, CL Rabkin, J Chou, S TI Association of cytomegalovirus genotype with graft rejection after liver transplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Transplant-Physicians CY MAY 09-13, 1998 CL CHICAGO, ILLINOIS SP Amer Soc Transplant Physicians ID GLYCOPROTEIN-B GENOTYPES; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; INTERSTRAIN VARIATION; BONE-MARROW; RECIPIENTS; INFECTION; VIRUS; SEQUENCES; HEPATITIS; VIREMIA AB Background. The envelope glycoprotein gB of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) occurs as one of four main genotypes, Some previous studies have proposed a relationship of CMV gB genotype to the frequency of symptomatic infection and to clinical outcomes in both transplant and human immunodeficiency virus-infected populations. Our aim was to define the distribution of CMV gB genotypes and the impact on acute cellular rejection and graft/patient survival after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). Methods. Between October 1988 and December 1996, 325 patients underwent cyclosporine-based OLT at our center. CMV infection was surveyed prospectively and defined as viral isolation from blood or urine; 53 (16%) patients had detectable CMV, Isolates were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction amplification and restriction digest analysis. Results. The distribution of CMV genotypes was: gB1, 19 (36%) patients; gB2, 15 (28%) patients; gB3, 13 (24%) patients; and gB4, 4 (8%) patients. Two patients (4%) had mixed infection (1 + 3, 1 + 4), Age, preOLT diagnosis, use of ganciclovir prophylaxis, basal immunosuppression, mean number of HLA donor/recipient mismatches, and United Network of Organ Sharing status were comparable among patients with different genotypes. Patients with gB1 had a significantly higher mean number of acute rejection episodes (1.52+/-0.30 vs. 0.67+/-0.22; P=0.027). However, there was no difference in rejection severity, including OKT3 usage or FK506 conversion, or development of chronic rejection among patients with different genotypes. The gB genotype did not affect the development of symptomatic or tissue-invasive CMV disease, detected in 15 patients. Actuarial rates of patient (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; confidence interval [CI] 1.49-6.0) and graft (OR 2.57; CI 1.25-5.22) survival were significantly diminished in the group with CMV infection versus those without CMV (P<0.0001 for both), but there was no association with CMV genotype. Conclusions. (1) Patients with CMV infection had significantly reduced patient and graft survival rates at 1 and 5 years after OLT as compared with OLT recipients without CMV infection. (2) CMV genotype gB1 was associated with a higher mean number of acute rejection episodes. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97207 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg & Pathol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. RP Rosen, HR (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, Dept Med, 3710 SW US Vet Hosp Rd,POB 1034,P3-GI, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM rosen.hugo_R@portland.va.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 39938] NR 31 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD DEC 27 PY 1998 VL 66 IS 12 BP 1627 EP 1631 DI 10.1097/00007890-199812270-00010 PG 5 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 155QU UT WOS:000077958500010 PM 9884250 ER PT J AU Revankar, SG Sanche, SE Dib, OP Caceres, M Patterson, TF AF Revankar, SG Sanche, SE Dib, OP Caceres, M Patterson, TF TI Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on recurrent oropharyngeal candidiasis in HIV-infected patients SO AIDS LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Revankar, SG (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-01346]; NIDCR NIH HHS [1 R01-DE11381-01] NR 8 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD DEC 24 PY 1998 VL 12 IS 18 BP 2511 EP 2513 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 148TX UT WOS:000077550000029 PM 9875598 ER PT J AU Yuan, C Beach, KW Smith, LH Hatsukami, TS AF Yuan, C Beach, KW Smith, LH Hatsukami, TS TI Measurement of atherosclerotic carotid plaque size in vivo using high resolution magnetic resonance imaging SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE atherosclerosis; magnetic resonance imaging; plaque; carotid arteries ID ARTERY STENOSIS; IN-VIVO; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; ANGIOGRAPHY AB Background-Current imaging modalities, such as contrast angiography, accurately determine the degree of luminal nan-owing but provide no direct information on plaque size. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), however, has potential for noninvasively determining arterial wall area (WA). This study was conducted to determine the accuracy of in vivo MRI for measuring the cross-sectional maximum wall area (MaxWA) of atherosclerotic carotid arteries in a group of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy. Methods and Results-Fourteen patients scheduled for carotid endarterectomy underwent preoperative carotid MRT using a custom-made phased-array coil. The plaques were excised en bloc and scanned using similar imaging parameters. MaxWA measurements from the ex vivo MRI were used as the reference standard and compared with MaxWA measurements from the corresponding in vivo MR study. Agreement between the in vivo and ex vivo measurement was analyzed using the Bland-Altman method. The paired in vivo and ex vivo MaxWA measurements strongly agreed: the mean difference (in vivo minus ex vivo) in MaxWA was 13.1+/-6.5 mm(2) fur T1-weighted (TIW) imaging (mean MaxWA in vivo=94.7 mm(2), ex vivo=81.6 mm(2)) and 14.1+/-11.7 mm2 for proton density-weighted (PDW) imaging (mean MaxWA in vivo=93.4 mm(2), ex vivo=79.3 mm(2)). Intraobserver and interobserver variability was small, with intraclass correlation coefficients ranging from 0.90 to 0.98. Conclusions-MRI is highly accurate for in vivo measurement of artery WA in atherosclerotic carotid lesions. This imaging technique has potential application monitoring lesion size in studies examining plaque progression and/or regression. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv 112, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Radiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Div Vasc Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hatsukami, TS (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Surg Serv 112, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-56874] NR 12 TC 207 Z9 216 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD DEC 15 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 24 BP 2666 EP 2671 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 146QX UT WOS:000077442800005 PM 9851951 ER PT J AU Bradley, KA Burman, ML AF Bradley, KA Burman, ML TI Screening for alcoholism using CAGE - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Bradley, KA (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 9 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 22 BP 1904 EP 1905 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 145HF UT WOS:000077364500018 ER PT J AU Hong, M Zhukareva, V Vogelsberg-Ragaglia, V Wszolek, Z Reed, L Miller, BI Geschwind, DH Bird, TD McKeel, D Goate, A Morris, JC Wilhelmsen, KC Schellenberg, GD Trojanowski, JQ Lee, VMY AF Hong, M Zhukareva, V Vogelsberg-Ragaglia, V Wszolek, Z Reed, L Miller, BI Geschwind, DH Bird, TD McKeel, D Goate, A Morris, JC Wilhelmsen, KC Schellenberg, GD Trojanowski, JQ Lee, VMY TI Mutation-specific functional impairments in distinct Tau isoforms of hereditary FTDP-17 SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PAIRED HELICAL FILAMENTS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; SR PROTEINS; PHOSPHORYLATION; LOCALIZATION; SEQUENCES; DEMENTIA AB Tau proteins aggregate as cytoplasmic inclusions in a number of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and hereditary frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism Linked to chromosome 17 (FTDP-17). Over 10 exonic and intronic mutations in the tau gene have been identified in about 20 FTDP-17 families. Analyses of soluble and insoluble tau proteins from brains of FTDP-17 patients indicated that different pathogenic mutations differentially altered distinct biochemical properties and stoichiometry of brain tau isoforms, Functional assays of recombinant tau proteins with different FTDP-17 missense mutations implicated all but one of these mutations in disease pathogenesis by reducing the ability of tau to bind microtubules and promote microtubule assembly. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Mayo Clin Jacksonville, Dept Neurol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Reed Neurol Res Ctr, Program Neurogenet, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Neurol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Ernest Gallo Clin & Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Med, Div Gerontol & Geriatr Med, Dept Pharmacol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lee, VMY (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Ctr Neurodegenerat Dis Res, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Morris, John/A-1686-2012 NR 21 TC 610 Z9 621 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD DEC 4 PY 1998 VL 282 IS 5395 BP 1914 EP 1917 DI 10.1126/science.282.5395.1914 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 144WG UT WOS:000077338100056 PM 9836646 ER PT J AU Rivier, J Gulyas, J Corrigan, A Martinez, V Craig, AG Tache, Y Vale, W Rivier, C AF Rivier, J Gulyas, J Corrigan, A Martinez, V Craig, AG Tache, Y Vale, W Rivier, C TI Astressin analogues (corticotropin-releasing factor antagonists) with extended duration of action in the rat SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SOLID-PHASE SYNTHESIS; COMPETITIVE ANTAGONISTS; SECRETION; HORMONE; PEPTIDE; OVINE; POTENCIES AB In earlier reports we identified specific point substitutions (DPhe(12),Nle(21,38)), cyclization strategies [in particular, introduction of lactam rings such as that of cyclo(Glu(30),Lys(33))], and deletions (residues 1-7) in the CRF molecule that led to agonists. We also noted that further deletions (residues 8-14) produced antagonists such as astressin {cyclo(30-33)[DPhe(12),Nle(21,38),Glu(30), Lys(33)]hCRF((12-41))} (1). We hypothesized that the lactam ring promoted conformational stability to yield analogues with increased potency both in vitro and in vivo as compared to that of their linear counterparts. Additionally, we reported that cyclo(30-33)[DPhe(12),Nle(21,38), Glu(30),DHis(32),Lys(33)]hcRF((12-41)) (3) and dicyclo(26-36,30-33)[Ac-Asp(9),DPhe(12),Nle(21,38),Cys(26), Glu(30),Lys(33),Cys(36)]hCRF((9-41)) were ca. twice and 1/100 as potent as astressin, respectively, suggesting a putative turn that encompasses residues 30-33 (previous paper: Koerber et al. J. Med. Chem. 1998, 41). To increase the potency of 1 and/or 3 in vivo, we extended their chain length by one (5-8), two (9, 10), and three (11, 12) residues at the N-terminus and acetylated (6, 8, 10, 12). Of the compounds tested for duration of action (1, 3-6, 8), we found 6 and 8 to be slightly longer-acting than astressin or [DHis32]astressin, while their potencies in vitro were not significantly different from that of 3. Additionally, we introduced C alpha Me-leucine residues in Lieu of leucine at positions 14, 15, 19, 27, and 37 in [DHis(32)]astressin. The analogue [C alpha Me-Leu(27),DHis(32)]astressin (16) was more potent (although not statistically in all cases) than the other four analogues in vitro. While acetylation of the N-terminus of 16 (i.e., 18) or of [C alpha Me-Leu(27)]astressin (i.e., 19) did not have a significant effect on in vitro potency, elongation of the N-terminus by one or three residues in addition to acetylation resulted in cyclo(30-33)[DPhe(12),Nle(21),C alpha Me-Leu(27),Glu(30),DHis(32),Lys(33),Nle(38)]Ac-hCRF((11-41)) (21), cyclo(30-33)[DPhe(12),Nle(21),C alpha Me-Leu(27),Glu(30),Lys(33),Nle(38)]Ac-HCRF(9-41) (22), and cyclo(30-33)[DPhe(12),Nle(21),C alpha Me-Leu(27),Glu(30),DHis(32),Lys(33),Nle(38)]Ac-hCRF((9-41)) (23) that were longer-acting than 6 and 8 (ca. 2 h inhibition of ACTH secretion at 25 mu g/adrenalectomized rat). Analogues 22 and 23 were also more potent than astressin at reversing intracisternal CRF- and abdominal surgery-induced delay of gastric emptying in conscious rats. C1 Salk Inst Biol Studies, Clayton Fdn Labs Peptide Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Digest Dis Res Ctr, CURE, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. CEU San Pablo, Sch Vet, Dept Physiol, Valencia, Spain. RP Rivier, J (reprint author), Salk Inst Biol Studies, Clayton Fdn Labs Peptide Biol, 10010 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RI Martinez, Vicente/N-1189-2014 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-26741, DK-33061]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 36 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD DEC 3 PY 1998 VL 41 IS 25 BP 5012 EP 5019 DI 10.1021/jm980426c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 146ZB UT WOS:000077462800014 PM 9836619 ER PT J AU Oslin, DW Pettinati, HM Luck, G Semwanga, A Cnaan, A O'Brien, CP AF Oslin, DW Pettinati, HM Luck, G Semwanga, A Cnaan, A O'Brien, CP TI Clinical correlations with carbohydrate-deficient transferrin levels in women with alcoholism SO ALCOHOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Research-Society-of-Alcoholism CY JUL, 1998 CL HILTON HEAD ISL, SOUTH CAROLINA SP Res Soc Alcoholism DE alcohol dependence; biological markers; carbohydrate-deficient transferrin ID GAMMA-GLUTAMYL-TRANSFERASE; SERUM TRANSFERRIN; CONSUMPTION; MARKER; ABUSE; POPULATION; DRINKING; SEVERITY; UTILITY; RELAPSE AB Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) has received increasing attention as a potential biological marker for heavy drinking or as an objective marker of relapse in patients who are treated for alcohol dependence. Previous studies have demonstrated the utility of CDT among men, but there are fewer and inconsistent reports on the utility of CDT among women, This study reports in a sample of 40 alcohol-dependent women, the association between CDT levels, and several different types of measures of drinking intensity including frequency of heavy drinking, Although the majority of drinking indices correlated with CDT levels in men, among women, CDT levels were significantly correlated with the percentage of days of heavy drinking when heavy drinking day was defined as drinking 6 or more drinks per drinking day, The results also support an association between current menstrual function, CDT levels, and drinking indices, These findings suggest that the pattern of drinking (combining high frequency and high intensity) may be an important determinant of CDT levels in women with alcohol dependence, compared with men. C1 Univ Penn, Ralston Penn Ctr, Ctr Study Addict, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Oslin, DW (reprint author), Univ Penn, Ralston Penn Ctr, Ctr Study Addict, Dept Psychiat, 3615 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NIAAA NIH HHS [AA-09544] NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0145-6008 J9 ALCOHOL CLIN EXP RES JI Alcoholism (NY) PD DEC PY 1998 VL 22 IS 9 BP 1981 EP 1985 PG 5 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA 153CB UT WOS:000077814500015 PM 9884141 ER PT J AU Hunt, SC Richardson, RD AF Hunt, SC Richardson, RD TI Pseudoneurologic symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Letter C1 Persian Gulf Vet Clin, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RP Hunt, SC (reprint author), Persian Gulf Vet Clin, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD DEC PY 1998 VL 58 IS 9 BP 1970 EP 1971 PG 2 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 146PF UT WOS:000077439000005 PM 9861874 ER PT J AU Arjmandi, BH Birnbaum, R Goyal, NV Getlinger, MJ Juma, S Alekel, L Hasler, CM Drum, ML Hollis, BW Kukreja, SC AF Arjmandi, BH Birnbaum, R Goyal, NV Getlinger, MJ Juma, S Alekel, L Hasler, CM Drum, ML Hollis, BW Kukreja, SC TI Bone-sparing effect of soy protein in ovarian hormone-deficient rats is related to its isoflavone content SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Symposium on the Role of Soy in Preventing and Treating Chronic Disease CY SEP 15-19, 1996 CL BRUSSELS, BELGIUM SP Alpo Nat Soyfoods, Amer Inst Canc Res, Amer Soybean Assoc, Archer Daniels Midland Co, Cent Soya Co, Foreign Agr Serv, Illinois Soybean Assoc & Illinois Soybean Program Operating Board, Indiana Soybean Dev Council, Infant Formula Council, Iowa Soybean Promot Board, Michigan Soybean Promot Comm, Minnesota Soybean Res & Promot Council, Monsanto Co, Morinaga Nutr Foods Inc, Nebraska Soybean Board, Ohio Soybean Council, Ontario Soybean Growers Mkt Board, Protein Technol Int, Sanitarium Hlth Foods, Sojaxa, Soyfoods Assoc Amer, United Soybean Board, Wyeth Nutr Int DE isoflavones; osteoporosis; ovariectomy; rats; soy protein; bone density; bone formation rate ID OVARIECTOMIZED RAT; ESTROGEN; OSTEOPOROSIS; PROGESTERONE; IPRIFLAVONE; MODEL AB Our previous studies showed that a soy-protein diet prevents ovariectomy-induced bone loss. The purpose of this study was to determine whether isoflavones in soy protein are responsible for this bone-protective effect. Forty-eight 95-d-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups: sham-operated fed a casein-based diet (SHAM), ovariectomized fed a casein-based diet (OVX+CASEIN), ovariectomized fed soy protein with normal isoflavone content (OVX+SOY), and ovariectomized fed soy protein with reduced isoflavone content (OVX+SOY-). The OVX+SOY group had significantly greater femoral bone density (in g/cm(3) bone vol) than the OVX+CASEIN group, whereas OVX+SOY- was similar to OVX+CASEIN ((x) over bar +/- SD; SHAM, 1.522 +/- 0.041; OVX+CASEIN, 1.449 +/- 0.044; OVX+SOY, 1.497 +/- 0.030; OVX+SOY-, 1.452 +/- 0.030). Ovariectomy resulted in greater bone turnover as indicated by higher serum alkaline phosphatase activity, serum insulin-like growth factor I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 concentrations, and urinary hydroxyproline. These increases were not affected by soy with either normal or reduced isoflavone content. Similarly, histomorphometry revealed a greater bone formation rate with ovariectomy, and this was not altered by the soy diets. The findings of this study suggest that isoflavones in soy protein are responsible for its bone-sparing effects. Further studies to evaluate the mechanism of action of isoflavones on bone are warranted. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Res Serv, Amer Lake Div, Tacoma, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Human Nutr & Dietet, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol Biostat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Iowa State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Ames, IA 50011 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pediat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. W Side Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Arjmandi, BH (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nutr Sci, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM arjmand@okstate.edu NR 30 TC 85 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 68 IS 6 SU S BP 1364S EP 1368S PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 145VM UT WOS:000077392300007 PM 9848500 ER PT J AU Cook, JR Glick, HA Gerth, W Kinosian, B Kostis, JB AF Cook, JR Glick, HA Gerth, W Kinosian, B Kostis, JB TI The cost and cardioprotective effects of enalapril in hypertensive patients with left ventricular dysfunction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD); angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; cost-effectiveness; enalapril ID CONGESTIVE-HEART-FAILURE; MODERATE HYPERTENSION; AGENTS; MILD AB This study examined the effect of enalapril on survival, resource use, and cost of care in patients with left ventricular dysfunction and hypertension using a retrospective analysis of patients who participated in the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD). Among the 6797 SOLVD participants, 1917 patients had either elevated systolic (greater than or equal to 140 mm Hg) or diastolic (greater than or equal to 90 mm Hg) blood pressure. Therapy with enalapril was associated with a significant relative risk reduction for mortality (RR = 0.819, 95% CI: 0.68 to 0.98; P = .03). This resulted in a gain of 0.11 years (95% CI: 0.00 to 0.20 years) of survival during the average 2.8 year follow-up for this subgroup and was projected to result in a gain of 2.14 years (95% CI: 0.05 to 4.21 years) during the patient's lifetime. Enalapril significantly reduced the risk of first hospitalization for heart failure by 37%, For all types of hospitalizations, there was an average reduction of 32 hospitalizations per 100 patients treated with enalapril during the trial period (95% CI: 11.8 to 52.2 hospitalizations avoided per 100 patients), resulting in an estimated net savings of $1656 per patient during the trial period (95% CI: increased cost of $191 to savings of $3502). Although the projected lifetime net savings of $1456 was not significant (95% CI: increased cost of $9243 to saving of $12,527), evaluation of the cost per life year saved indicated that enalapril represented a cost-effective strategy. The estimated clinical benefit of enalapril among the hypertensive subgroup in SOLVD supports the recommendation that angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors should be considered as first line pharmacologic therapy for hypertensive patients with left ventricular dysfunction. From both the clinical and economic viewpoints, ACE inhibitors provide important clinical benefits and are cost-effective. (C) 1998 American Journal of Hypertension, Ltd. C1 Merck & Co Inc, Whitehouse Stn, NJ USA. Univ Penn, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Leonard Davis Inst Hlth Econ, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Med Serv, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Cook, JR (reprint author), Merck Res Labs, 10 Sentry Pkwy BL2-3, Blue Bell, PA 19422 USA. EM cook_john@merck.com NR 29 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 3 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1433 EP 1441 DI 10.1016/S0895-7061(98)00180-0 PG 9 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 150DM UT WOS:000077647900006 PM 9880125 ER PT J AU Park, IS Kiyomoto, H Alvarez, F Xu, YC Abboud, HE Abboud, SL AF Park, IS Kiyomoto, H Alvarez, F Xu, YC Abboud, HE Abboud, SL TI Preferential expression of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins-1, -3, and -5 during early diabetic renal hypertrophy in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE insulin-like growth factor binding proteins; gene expression; diabetes; kidney ID RIBONUCLEIC-ACID EXPRESSION; OSTEOBLAST-LIKE CELLS; I MESSENGER-RNA; IGF-I; MESANGIAL CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; KIDNEY; RECEPTOR; PHOSPHORYLATION; POTENTIATION AB The renal insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal hypertrophy, altered hemodynamics, and extracellular matrix expansion associated with early diabetes. The relative abundance of IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the renal microenvironment may modulate IGF-I actions. However, the precise IGFBPs expressed in the glomerular and tubulointerstitial compartments during diabetic renal growth have not been characterized. In the present study, in situ hybridization studies were performed to examine the expression of IGFBP-1 to -6 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) 3, 7, and 14 days after streptozotocin (STZ) injection in rats. In control, nondiabetic kidneys, all six IGFBP mRNAs were differentially expressed with a predominance of IGFBP-5, The onset of renal hypertrophy in STZ-induced diabetes was associated with a rapid and site-specific induction of IGFBP-1, -3, and -5 mRNAs. In contrast, basal expression of IGFBP-5, -4, and -6 mRNAs was not altered in diabetic rats. IGFBP-5 mRNA expression increased in diabetic glomeruli, cortical, and inner medullary peritubular interstitial cells at days 3, 7, and 14. Although normal glomeruli failed to express IGFBP-3, it was induced concomitantly with IGFBP-5 in diabetic glomeruli and cortical peritubular interstitial cells. IGFBP-1 mRNA levels also increased in cortical tubular cells at each time point tested. Peak induction of IGFBP-3 and -5 was observed at day 3, whereas IGFBP-1 was delayed until day 7. IGFBP-1, -3, and -5 mRNA levels declined by day 14, but remained persistently elevated above control. By immunoperoxidase staining, similar alterations in the pattern of IGFBP-3 and -5 protein expression were observed at each time point. The preferential and site-specific increase in IGFBP-1, -3, and -5 suggest that these IGFBPs may regulate the local autocrine and/or paracrine actions of IGF-I and contribute to the pathogenesis of the early manifestations of diabetic nephropathy. (C) 1998 by the National Kidney Foundation, Inc. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Abboud, SL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR42306]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK3365, DK43988] NR 44 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1000 EP 1010 DI 10.1016/S0272-6386(98)70075-7 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 145QY UT WOS:000077383900012 PM 9856516 ER PT J AU Gukovsky, I Gukovskaya, AS Blinman, TA Zaninovic, V Pandol, SJ AF Gukovsky, I Gukovskaya, AS Blinman, TA Zaninovic, V Pandol, SJ TI Early NF-kappa B activation is associated with hormone-induced pancreatitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE pancreatic acinar cell; interleukin-6; KC; I kappa B ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS; OXYGEN RADICALS; ACINAR-CELLS; MECHANISM; BINDING; INTERLEUKIN-8; CYTOKINES AB Inflammation and cell death are critical to pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. Here we show that transcription factor nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B), which regulates these processes, is activated and plays a role in rat cerulein pancreatitis. NF-kappa B was strongly activated in the pancreas within 30 min of cerulein infusion; a second phase of NF-kappa B activation was prominent at 3-6 h. This biphasic kinetics could result from observed transient degradation of the inhibitory protein I kappa B alpha and slower but sustained degradation of I kappa B beta. The hormone also caused NF-kappa B translocation and I kappa B degradation in vitro in dispersed pancreatic acini. Both p65/p50 and p50/p50, but not c-Rel, NF-kappa B complexes were manifest in pancreatitis and in isolated acini. Coinfusion of CCK JMV-180, which abolishes pancreatitis, prevented cerulein-induced NF-kappa B activation. The second but not early phase of NF-kappa B activation was inhibited by a neutralizing tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibody. Antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) blocked NF-kappa B activation and significantly improved parameters of pancreatitis. In particular, NAC inhibited intrapancreatic trypsin activation and mRNA expression of cytokines interleukin-6 and KC, which were dramatically induced by cerulein. The results suggest that NF-kappa B activation is an important early event that may contribute to inflammatory and cell death responses in acute pancreatitis. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Gukovsky, I (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bldg 258,Rm 340,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 56 TC 167 Z9 178 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 275 IS 6 BP G1402 EP G1414 PG 13 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 151XR UT WOS:000077746400024 PM 9843778 ER PT J AU Morrell, MJ Arabi, Y Zahn, B Badr, MS AF Morrell, MJ Arabi, Y Zahn, B Badr, MS TI Progressive retropalatal narrowing preceding obstructive apnea SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AIRWAY CLOSING PRESSURES; SLEEP-APNEA; LUNG-VOLUME; NORMAL MEN; OCCLUSION; PATHOGENESIS; VELOPHARYNX; RESISTANCE; PATENCY; PHARYNX AB Pharyngeal occlusion during obstructive apnea is thought to be an inspiratory-related event; however, occlusion also occurs in the absence of negative intrathoracic pressure. We hypothesized that inspiratory-related pharyngeal occlusion would be preceded by significant expiratory narrowing. Eight sleeping patients with obstructive apnea were studied. Pharyngeal caliber, airflow, and esophageal pressure (Pes) were simultaneously monitored during three to four consecutive breaths preceding occlusion (between 3 and 22 events were studied per subject). Relative changes in retropalatal airway cross-sectional area (CSA) were determined from fiberoptic images (five frames per second) normalized to the maximum CSA. During inspiration, CSA was significantly reduced only during the breath immediately preceding the apnea (Group mean CSA +/- SEM: 51 +/- 8% at the start of inspiration compared with 37 +/- 8% at midinspiration). During expiration, for all breaths there was an initial significant increase in CSA compared with the nadir CSA during the preceding inspiration (CSA: breath-3, 57 +/- 10% to 79 +/- 3%; breath-2, 59 +/- 8% to 76 +/- 4%; breath-1, 37 +/- 8% to 64 +/- 8%), followed by a significant narrowing at end-expiration compared with the peak CSA during that expiration (CSA: breath-3, 79 +/- 3% to 62 +/- 6%; breath-2, 76 +/- 4% to 50 +/- 10%; breath-1, 64 +/- 8% to 36 +/- 10%). Occlusion occurred at a pressure significantly less than that generated during the previous unoccluded breath (Pes: breath-1, -10.8 +/- 2.9 cm H2O; occlusion, -8.2 +/- 1.9 cm H2O). These results show that expiratory narrowing produced a significant reduction of CSA at end-expiration prior to obstructive apnea. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, John Rankin Lab Pulm Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Morrell, MJ (reprint author), Royal Brompton Hosp, Imperial Coll Sch Med, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Sleep & Ventilat Unit, S Block,Sydney St, London SW3 6NP, England. NR 33 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER LUNG ASSOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 158 IS 6 BP 1974 EP 1981 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 147RP UT WOS:000077511800042 PM 9847295 ER PT J AU Bowers, SP Pearlman, NW McIntyre, RC Finlayson, CA Huerd, S AF Bowers, SP Pearlman, NW McIntyre, RC Finlayson, CA Huerd, S TI Cost-effective management of gynecomastia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Southwestern-Surgical-Congress 50th Annual Meeting CY APR 19-22, 1998 CL SAN ANTONIO, TEXAS SP SW Surg Congress ID IDIOPATHIC GYNECOMASTIA; CELL TUMORS; MEN AB BACKGROUND: Routine endocrine screening of idiopathic gynecomastia has been advocated, but may not be cost effective. We carried out a cost-benefit analysis of this approach. METHODS: A retrospective study (1992 to 1997) of 87 adult males with symptomatic gynecomastia was performed. RESULTS: Thirty-four (39%) patients had extrinsic causes; 53 (61%) were considered idiopathic. Forty-five idiopathic cases underwent endocrine testing: beta human chorionic gonadotropin alone, 16; and beta human chorionic gonadotropin, LH, estradiol, testosterone +/- testicular ultrasound, 29. One (2%) occult Leydig cell testicular tumor was detected. Forty-four patients had normal studies and remain well after local excision. CONCLUSION: Routine endocrine evaluation of idiopathic gynecomastia is rarely productive; such testing is best done selectively. Am J Surg. 1998;176:638-641. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Pearlman, NW (reprint author), Univ Hosp, Dept Surg, Box C311,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 19 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAHNERS PUBL CO PI NEW YORK PA 249 WEST 17 STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0002-9610 J9 AM J SURG JI Am. J. Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 176 IS 6 BP 638 EP 640 DI 10.1016/S0002-9610(98)00281-5 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 159FG UT WOS:000078160800082 PM 9926805 ER PT J AU Goodman, CM Cohen, V Thornby, J Netscher, D AF Goodman, CM Cohen, V Thornby, J Netscher, D TI The life span of silicone gel breast implants and a comparison of mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging in detecting implant rupture: A meta-analysis SO ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS; SONOGRAPHY; ULTRASOUND; TISSUE; MR AB Because of the growing concern surrounding the integrity and life span of silicone gel breast implants and the reported variations in the diagnostic accuracy of various imaging techniques in identifying ruptured implants, the authors undertook a meta-analysis of articles in the scientific literature to examine these concerns. They were able to include reports from the literature that detailed the condition and removal of 1,099 breast implants during the past 7 years. The median life span of a silicone gel implant was estimated to be 16.4 years. Of the implants, 79.1% were intact at 10 years, falling to 48.7% by 15 years. The sensitivities and specificities of three imaging modalities used in the diagnosis of implant rupture (mammography, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) were also evaluated and compared statistically in an effort to discover which of the three techniques might serve as the most reliable screening tool in the diagnosis of gel implant rupture. The sensitivity of mammography for finding a ruptured implant is 28.4% with a specificity of 92.9%. Ultrasonography has a sensitivity and specificity of 59.0% and 76.8% respectively compared with MRI, which was 78.1% and 80.0% respectively. For implants in place for 10 years, one would need to image 3.3 implants by ultrasound to identify a single possible rupture. However, because of the 76.8% specificity, 8.1 implants would need to be imaged to find a confirmed intraoperative rupture. This was similar to MRI, in which 3.1 implants would need to be imaged to detect one suspected rupture, and 6.1 implants would need to be imaged to find one intraoperatively confirmed rupture. The authors do not recommend either ultrasound or MRI as a screening tool based on their meta-analysis. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Div Plast Surg, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RP Netscher, D (reprint author), 6560 Fannin,Suite 800, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0148-7043 J9 ANN PLAS SURG JI Ann. Plast. Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 41 IS 6 BP 577 EP 585 DI 10.1097/00000637-199812000-00001 PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 147DT UT WOS:000077473500001 PM 9869129 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Aldarondo, F Goldstein, G Huegel, SG Gilbertson, M van Kammen, DP AF Allen, DN Aldarondo, F Goldstein, G Huegel, SG Gilbertson, M van Kammen, DP TI Construct validity of neuropsychological tests in schizophrenia SO ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; neuropsychological tests; WAIS-R; WMS-R; WCST; CPT ID WORKING-MEMORY; ATTENTION; WAIS; PERFORMANCE; DEFICITS; TASK AB Validity studies of neuropsychological tests have typically examined individuals with neurological disorders. The present study was designed to investigate the construct validity of neuropsychological measures in patients with schizophrenia. We used Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R) factor scores that were generated from the population of interest as marker variables in the present analysis. The current study included 39 patients with schizophrenia who were evaluated with a battery of neuropsychological tests assessing attention, memory, and abstract reasoning abilities. Pearson correlations indicated significant relationships between (a) WAIS-R Verbal Comprehension factor and tests of sustained attention, verbal memory and remote memory; (b) WAIS-R Perceptual Organization factor and tests of visual memory and abstraction and problem solving; and (c) WAIS-R Freedom From Distractibility factor and neuropsychological measures of attention and concentration. These results provide support for the construct validity of the neuropsychological tests in patients with schizophrenia, and indicate that these tests evaluate essentially the same constructs in patients with schizophrenia as they do for patients with structural neurological disorders. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. VA Med Ctr, Manchester, NH USA. Robert Wood Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Allen, DN (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div 151R, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01MH44-841] NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 6 PU PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT RESOURCES INC PI ODESSA PA PO BOX 998, ODESSA, FL 33556 USA SN 1073-1911 J9 ASSESSMENT JI Assessment PD DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 365 EP 374 DI 10.1177/107319119800500406 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 147CC UT WOS:000077469500006 PM 9835660 ER PT J AU Nikolova, L Soman, K Nichols, JC Daniel, DS Dickey, BF Hoffenberg, S AF Nikolova, L Soman, K Nichols, JC Daniel, DS Dickey, BF Hoffenberg, S TI Conformationally variable Rab protein surface regions mapped by limited proteolysis and homology modelling SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SMALL GTPASE RAB5; ENDOCYTIC MEMBRANE-FUSION; HETEROTRIMERIC G-PROTEIN; SWITCH-II REGION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; EXCHANGE FACTOR; GERANYLGERANYL TRANSFERASE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE; NUCLEIC-ACIDS AB Tryptic proteolysis of the small GTPases Rab4 and Rab5 is a multi-step, nucleotide-dependent process. Using N-terminal peptide sequencing, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight MS and molecular modelling, we identified the three initial sites of proteolysis in Rab5 as Arg-4, Arg-81 and Arg-197. Arg-4 and Arg-81 lie within regions previously implicated in Rab5 endocytic function, and Arg-197 lies in a region involved in membrane targeting. Topologically, Arg-81 lies within the conformationally variable Switch II region shown to be important for protein-protein interactions of other GTPases. Homology modelling studies on Rab5 indicate that the Arg-81 side chain is buried in the Rab5 GTP conformation, but is solvent-accessible in the GDP conformation, explaining the dependence of proteolysis on nucleotides. Peptide mapping of Rab4 was performed to take advantage of additional scissile bonds within Switch II to determine more precisely the limits of the nucleotide-dependent protease-accessible region. The Rab4 cleavage sites corresponded to Arg-81 and Pro-87 of Rab5, and taken together with the finding that Rab5 was not cleaved at Arg-91 this analysis defines an eight-residue surface-exposed conformationally variable region lying in the centre of Switch II. A sequence comparison of Rab proteins shows these eight residues to have a loosely conserved motif that we term Switch II(v) for its relative variability. C-terminal to Switch II(v) is a highly conserved Rab-specific YYRGA motif that we term Switch II(c) for its constant sequence. N-terminal to Switch II(v) is a sequence-invariant G-domain involved in nucleotide binding and hydrolysis, We propose that the Rab Switch II(v) region imparts specificity to nucleotide-dependent protein-protein interactions. C1 Houston VA Med Ctr, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Rice Univ, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. RP Hoffenberg, S (reprint author), Tanox Biosyst Inc, 10301 Stella Link, Houston, TX 77025 USA. EM shoffenberg@tanox.com RI Soman, Kizhake/C-2028-2012 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL43161] NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU PORTLAND PRESS PI LONDON PA 59 PORTLAND PLACE, LONDON W1N 3AJ, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD DEC 1 PY 1998 VL 336 BP 461 EP 469 PN 2 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 151QH UT WOS:000077731600027 PM 9820825 ER PT J AU Prabhu, SD AF Prabhu, SD TI Ryanodine and the left ventricular force-interval and relaxation-interval relations in closed-chest dogs: insights on calcium handling SO CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE myocardial contraction; ventricular function; calcium; sarcoplasmic reticulum; dog ID END-SYSTOLIC PRESSURE; SARCOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; INTRACELLULAR CALCIUM; CONSCIOUS DOGS; MECHANICAL RESTITUTION; FREQUENCY RELATION; MYOCARDIUM; MUSCLE; CONTRACTION; EXCITATION AB Objective: Although the myocardial force-interval and relaxation-interval relations are considered to be mechanical expressions of myocardial Ca2+ handling, correlation of these phenomena with altered Ca2+ kinetics in the intact state is limited. Thus, I sought to determine the impact of selective impairment of physiologic sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release, achieved by the use of the drug ryanodine, on these relations in the intact animal. Methods: Twelve dogs instrumented with left ventricular manometers and piezoelectric dimension crystals were studied before and after ryanodine (4 mu g/kg intravenously). End-systolic elastance was measured at paced heart rates of 120-180 bpm to determine the force-frequency response. Mechanical restitution and relaxation restitution were determined by measuring contractile (single beat elastance) and relaxation (peak negative dP/dt) responses for beats delivered at graded extrasystolic intervals, with normalized responses expressed as a function of extrasystolic interval. Results: Ryanodine accelerated mechanical restitution (time constant 60.3+/-3.9 versus 81.7+/-10.1 ms, p<0.05) and reduced maximal contractile response (107.5+/- 2.1 versus 122.1+/-5.7%, p<0.05), slowed early relaxation restitution (time constant 65.5+/-13.8 versus 36.8+/-3.8 ms, p<0.05) without changing late relaxation restitution kinetics, and amplified the force-frequency response (end-systolic elastance, 180 bpm, 19.4+/-4.3 versus 11.4+/-1.2 mm Hg/ml, p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that in the intact animal, Ca2+ handling by the sarcoplasmic reticulum is a primary determinant of mechanical restitution and early relaxation restitution, but not late relaxation restitution. Conversely, ryanodine induced augmentation of the force-frequency response indicates a central role for sarcolemmal Ca2+ influx in producing frequency potentiation. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Cardiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Prabhu, SD (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Cardiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RI Prabhu, Sumanth/D-5223-2009 NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0008-6363 J9 CARDIOVASC RES JI Cardiovasc. Res. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 40 IS 3 BP 483 EP 491 DI 10.1016/S0008-6363(98)00201-6 PG 9 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 149LZ UT WOS:000077607900010 PM 10070488 ER PT J AU Huizenga, HF Ramsey, SD Albert, RK AF Huizenga, HF Ramsey, SD Albert, RK TI Estimated growth of lung volume reduction surgery among Medicare enrollees - 1994 to 1996 SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE hospital charges; length of stay; lung volume reduction surgery; Medicare ID EMPHYSEMA AB Objective: To estimate the number of lung volume reduction surgery procedures performed on Medicare enrollees from 1994 to 1996, Design: Statistical analysis of national Medicare claims data. Patients: All Medicare enrollees with emphysema having claims records for pulmonary resection procedures from January 1, 1993, through December 31, 1996. Main outcome measure: Estimated number of lung volume reduction procedures performed per month fi om July 1994 through December 1996. Results: An estimated 1,212 lung volume reduction procedures were performed on Medicare enrollees between July 1994 and December 1995 (95% confidence interval, 1,012 to 1,408), Nearly one half of these procedures were performed in the last 3 months of 1995, At the time Health Care Financing Administration announced that it would suspend reimbursement for the procedure (December 1995), lung volume reduction surgery was being performed in 37 states. The number of claims per month decreased from a peak of 169 in December 1995, to 11 in March 1996, Average Medicare reimbursement per procedure was $31,398. Conclusions: Lung volume reduction surgery for patients increased rapidly following its reintroduction in 1994. The growth of lung volume reduction surgery demonstrates that widespread adoption and utilization of a surgical procedure can occur in the absence of data from controlled clinical trials. Medicare expenditures for lung volume reduction surgery were an estimated $30 million to $50 million. Performing the surgery for all current Medicare patients who meet the appropriate clinical criteria would cost an estimated $1 billion. C1 Vet Adm Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Div Gen Internal Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Denver, CO USA. Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. RP Huizenga, HF (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, GIMC, 1660 S Colombian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 8 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD DEC PY 1998 VL 114 IS 6 BP 1583 EP 1587 DI 10.1378/chest.114.6.1583 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 149PF UT WOS:000077613600019 PM 9872192 ER PT J AU Mann, DL Willerson, JT AF Mann, DL Willerson, JT TI Left ventricular assist devices and the failing heart - A bridge to recovery, a permanent assist device, or a bridge too far? SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Editorial Material DE editorials; heart-assist device; heart failure; ventricles ID BETA-ADRENERGIC-BLOCKADE; HISTOLOGIC-CHANGES; SUPPORT; FAILURE; CARDIOMYOPATHY C1 Baylor Coll Med, Cardiol Sect, Dept Med, Vet Adm Med Ctr,Winters Ctr Heart Failure Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, St Lukes Episcopal Hosp, Texas Heart Inst,Dept Med, Houston, TX USA. RP Mann, DL (reprint author), VA Med Ctr, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM dmann@bcm.tmc.edu OI Mann, Douglas /0000-0002-2516-0145 NR 18 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD DEC 1 PY 1998 VL 98 IS 22 BP 2367 EP 2369 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 143VQ UT WOS:000077278100004 PM 9832479 ER PT J AU Miller, LG Goetz, MB AF Miller, LG Goetz, MB TI Response: What is the relevance of antiretroviral therapy that does not include protease inhibitors? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; CD4 CELL COUNTS; CUBIC MILLIMETER; CONTROLLED TRIAL; VIRUS INFECTION; ZIDOVUDINE; AIDS; RECOMMENDATIONS; COMBINATION C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, 111F,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 SOUTH WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637-1603 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 27 IS 6 BP 1386 EP 1387 DI 10.1086/515031 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 148UU UT WOS:000077552300008 PM 9868647 ER PT J AU Bucalo, BD Moy, RL AF Bucalo, BD Moy, RL TI Quantitative comparison of inflammatory infiltrate and linear contraction in human skin treated with 90-mu s pulsed and 900-mu s dwell time carbon dioxide lasers SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article AB BACKGROUND. Skin resurfacing With 90-mu s pulse duration carbon dioxide (CO2) resurfacing lasers has been reported to have shorter duration of erythema compared with skin resurfacing with 900-mu s dwell time lasers.(1) The presence of inflammatory infiltrate following resurfacing may correlate with the persistance of this erythema. Furthermore, skin treated with the 90-mu s pulse duration laser and the 900-mu s dwell time lasers both result in equivalent improvement of rhytids in the treated skin.(1) OBJECTIVE. TO quantitative the inflammatory cell infiltrate and linens contraction of skin treated with the 90-mu s pulsed and 900-mu s dwell time CO2 lasers at intervals of 2 and 4 weeks after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Volunteers were recruited from patients who were planning to undergo full face laser resurfacing under general anesthesia. Informed consent was obtained from all volunteers. In the posterior auricular areas of all volunteers, four separate rectangular areas were marked using a skin marking pen and a template. Two rectangular areas behind the right ear were treated with 6 passes of the 90-mu s laser and two rectangular areas behind the left ear were treated with the 900-mu s dwell time laser. The resurfaced areas were wiped with a moist cotton swab and then patted dry with dry gauze between passes. Contraction measurements of the resurfaced areas were taken before and immediately after laser treatment and again at 2 and 4 weeks following treatment. Punch biopsies were also performed at 2 and 4 weeks after treatment iii ail area of skin different from where contraction measurements were taken. RESULTS. The number of inflammatory cells present in the skill at 2 and 4 weeks after laser resurfacing are greater for skin resurfaced With a 900-mu s dwell time laser than a 90-mu s pulse time laser. Linear contraction of skin immediately after treatment was 18% greater with the 900-mu s dwell time laser than with the 90-mu s pulsed laser. The difference in the amount of contraction produced by the lasers tended to decrease over time. At 4 weeks there was a 10% difference in mean linear contraction between the two laser types. CONCLUSION. Increased numbers of inflammatory cells in skin resurfaced with the 900-mu s dwell time laser may explain the observed persistence of erythema associated with the 900-mu s dwell time laser. Measurable linear contraction produced by the 900-mu s dwell time laser was initially 18% greater than the 90-mu s pulse laser. This difference tends to decrease over time. (C) 1998 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Bucalo, BD (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1314 EP 1316 PG 3 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 149QC UT WOS:000077615800005 PM 9865195 ER PT J AU Moy, RL Bucalo, B Lee, MH Wieder, J Chalet, MD Ostad, A Dishell, WD AF Moy, RL Bucalo, B Lee, MH Wieder, J Chalet, MD Ostad, A Dishell, WD TI Skin resurfacing of facial rhytides and scars with the 90-mu s short pulse CO2 laser - Comparison to the 900-mu s dwell time CO2 lasers and clinical experience SO DERMATOLOGIC SURGERY LA English DT Article ID CARBON-DIOXIDE LASER; THERMAL-DAMAGE; DURATION; CO2-LASER AB BACKGROUND. Carbon dioxide lasers that produce either short pulses or scanned continuous beams have been used for skin resurfacing to improve wrinkles or scars. Using a high peak power, short pulse CO2 laser can produce clinically effective results with minimal thermal damage. OBJECTIVE. TO evaluate the effectiveness Of skin resurfacing using the 90-mu s pulse duration CO2 laser compared to other laser systems. Erythema, healing time, complications, and histological measurement of the depth of ablation and thermal damage per pass with this system were also assessed. METHODS. Forty-one patients with facial rhytides and scars underwent resurfacing With a 90 mu sec pulse duration CO2 laser. Using patient survey, patients were evaluated for effectiveness of therapy, healing time, and complication rates. Comparisons of histologic and clinical findings Were made with different short pulse CO2 lasers. RESULTS. Healing time, duration Of erythema, and post-operative pain were less with the 90 mu s pulse CO2 laser than With the 900-mu s dwell time and 950-mu s pulse duration lasers, while effectiveness teas comparable. Complications were few with the 90-mu s pulse laser, including three patients (9.1%) developing hyperpigmentation. One pass with the 90-mu s pulse duration CO2 laser produced 100 mu m Of ablation With 17 mu m of thenrml damage. Ablation and damage were additive so that, by six passes, ablation depth was 350 mu m and depth of thermal damage Was 63 mu m. This thermal damage is less than that reported with lasers having a longer pulse duration or dwell time with comparable depths of vaporization. CONCLUSION. Treatment with the 90-mu s pulse duration laser results in a more rapid healing time and shorter duration erythema. The clinical improvements in wrinkles and sun damage were comparable. The 90-mu s pulse duration laser provides an effective, predictable, and safe means of improving facial rhytides and scars. (C) 1998 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Dermatol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Moy, RL (reprint author), 100 UCLA Med Plaza,Suite 590, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1076-0512 J9 DERMATOL SURG JI Dermatol. Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1390 EP 1396 PG 7 WC Dermatology; Surgery SC Dermatology; Surgery GA 149QC UT WOS:000077615800024 PM 9865210 ER PT J AU Bao, S Kennedy, A Wojciechowski, B Wallace, P Ganaway, E Garvey, WT AF Bao, S Kennedy, A Wojciechowski, B Wallace, P Ganaway, E Garvey, WT TI Expression of mRNAs encoding uncoupling proteins in human skeletal muscle - Effects of obesity and diabetes SO DIABETES LA English DT Article ID BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; GENE-EXPRESSION; THERMOGENESIS; INSULIN; GLUCOSE; MEDIATOR; HOMOLOG; LEPTIN AB To explore the potential role of the uncoupling protein (UCP) family in human obesity and diabetes, we have used the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to quantify UCP mRNA expression in human skeletal muscle. Levels of mRNA for UCP2, and for both short (UCP3S) and long (UCP3L) forms of UCP3, were highly correlated in individuals, indicating that gene transcription of these UCPs may be coordinately regulated by common mechanisms. In normal glucose-tolerant individuals, muscle UCP2 mRNA levels mere positively correlated with percentage of body fat and with BMI (r = 0.6 and P < 0.05 for both). UCP3S mRNA levels were also positively correlated with percentage of body fat (r = 0.52, P < 0.05), and UCP3L mRNA tended to increase as a function of obesity (0.05 < P < 0.1). UCP mRNA levels, however were not correlated with resting metabolic rate. UCP3S and UCP3L mRNA levels (P < 0.05) and the UCP2 mRNA level (P = 0.09) were increased by 1.8- to 2.7-fold in type 2 diabetes, an effect that could not be explained by obesity. No significant difference was found for UCP2, UCP3S, or UCP3L mRNA levels between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant nondiabetic subgroups. We conclude that 1) skeletal muscle mRNA levels encoding UCP2 and UCP3 are correlated among individuals and may be coordinately regulated; 2) UCP3 expression is not regulated by differential effects on UCP3L and UCP3S forms of the mRNA; and 3) UCP mRNA expression tends to increase in muscle as a function of obesity but not of resting metabolic rate or insulin resistance, and is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes. C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Ralph H Johnson Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. RP Garvey, WT (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Div Endocrinol, Dept Med, 171 Ashley Ave, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM garveywt@musc.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR-1070]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-38765, DK-47461] NR 26 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0012-1797 J9 DIABETES JI Diabetes PD DEC PY 1998 VL 47 IS 12 BP 1935 EP 1940 DI 10.2337/diabetes.47.12.1935 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 142KP UT WOS:000077199800017 PM 9836527 ER PT J AU Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE Sanders, LJ Janisse, D Pogach, LM AF Mayfield, JA Reiber, GE Sanders, LJ Janisse, D Pogach, LM TI Preventive foot care in people with diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Review ID PERIPHERAL VASCULAR-DISEASE; LOWER-EXTREMITY AMPUTATION; LIMITED JOINT MOBILITY; PLANTAR PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION; TOE BLOOD-PRESSURE; RISK-FACTORS; ARTERIAL-DISEASE; NEUROPATHIC FOOT; SENSORY NEUROPATHY; AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY C1 Indiana Univ, Bowen Res Ctr, Dept Family Practice, Indianapolis, IN USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hlth Serv Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lebanon, PA USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, E Orange, NJ USA. RP Mayfield, JA (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Long Hosp, Bowen Res Ctr, Dept Family Med, 1110 W Michigan St,Room 200, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. NR 200 TC 206 Z9 217 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1660 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD DEC PY 1998 VL 21 IS 12 BP 2161 EP 2177 DI 10.2337/diacare.21.12.2161 PG 17 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 141UP UT WOS:000077162900020 PM 9839111 ER PT J AU Lipsky, BA AF Lipsky, BA TI Pexiganan acetate - A viewpoint SO DRUGS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Lipsky, BA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. OI Lipsky, Benjamin A./0000-0001-9886-5114 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ADIS INTERNATIONAL LTD PI AUCKLAND PA 41 CENTORIAN DR, PRIVATE BAG 65901, MAIRANGI BAY, AUCKLAND 10, NEW ZEALAND SN 0012-6667 J9 DRUGS JI Drugs PD DEC PY 1998 VL 56 IS 6 BP 1053 EP 1053 DI 10.2165/00003495-199856060-00012 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 150DY UT WOS:000077649100013 ER PT J AU Rosenbek, JC Robbins, J Willford, WO Kirk, G Schiltz, A Sowell, TW Deutsch, SE Milanti, FJ Ashford, J Gramigna, GD Fogarty, A Dong, K Rau, MT Prescott, TE Lloyd, AM Sterkel, MT Hansen, JE AF Rosenbek, JC Robbins, J Willford, WO Kirk, G Schiltz, A Sowell, TW Deutsch, SE Milanti, FJ Ashford, J Gramigna, GD Fogarty, A Dong, K Rau, MT Prescott, TE Lloyd, AM Sterkel, MT Hansen, JE TI Comparing treatment intensities of tactile-thermal application SO DYSPHAGIA LA English DT Article DE dysphagia treatment; thermal stimulation; stroke rehabilitation; dysphagia; deglutition; deglutition disorders ID DYSPHAGIA; STROKE AB The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of four intensities of tactile-thermal application (TTA) to changes in duration of stage transition (DST) and performance on a newly designed scale of penetration and aspiration by groups of patients made dysphagic by stroke. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 150, 300, 450, or 600 trials of TTA during each of 2 weeks. Data on the time required to provide such treatment, the actual number of trials clinicians were able to provide, and on the influence of the four intensities are provided. No single intensity emerged as the most therapeutic. It is suggested that subsequent studies with larger groups include intensities between 300 and 550. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT MED,MADISON,WI 53705. VET ADM MED CTR,COOPERAT STUDIES PROGRAM,COORDINATING CTR,PERRY POINT,MD. AURORA REG MED CTR,AURORA,CO. VET ADM MED CTR,LITTLE ROCK,AR. VET ADM MED CTR,LONG BEACH,CA. HINES VA HOSP,HINES,IL. VET ADM MED CTR,NASHVILLE,TN. VET ADM MED CTR,BROCKTON,MA. VET ADM MED CTR,N CHICAGO,IL. VET ADM MED CTR,PORTLAND,OR. VET ADM MED CTR,DENVER,CO. RICHARD L RONDEBUSH VET MED CTR,INDIANAPOLIS,IN. VET ADM MED CTR,RENO,NV. VA PUGET SOUND HLTH CARE SYST,SEATTLE,WA. RP Rosenbek, JC (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,WILLIAM S MIDDLETON MEM VET HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,2500 OVERLOOK TERRACE,MADISON,WI 53705, USA. NR 10 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0179-051X J9 DYSPHAGIA JI Dysphagia PD WIN PY 1998 VL 13 IS 1 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1007/PL00009542 PG 9 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA YJ970 UT WOS:A1998YJ97000001 PM 9391220 ER PT J AU Cook, IA O'Hara, R Uijtdehaage, SHJ Mandelkern, M Leuchter, AF AF Cook, IA O'Hara, R Uijtdehaage, SHJ Mandelkern, M Leuchter, AF TI Assessing the accuracy of topographic EEG mapping for determining local brain function SO ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE positron emission tomography; cerebral perfusion; montage; quantitative EEG ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; CEREBRAL BLOOD-FLOW; QUANTITATIVE EEG; ELECTRICAL-ACTIVITY; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; INFARCTION; DEMENTIA; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; SPECT; POWER AB Objective: There has been considerable discussion regarding the accuracy of topographic electroencephalographic (EEG) maps for assessing local cerebral function. We performed this study to test the accuracy of EEG mapping by examining the association between electrical activity and the perfusion under each electrode as another measure of local cerebral function. Methods: EEG mapping was performed simultaneously with (H2O)-O-15 positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in 6 normal adult subjects, both at rest and during a simple motor task. EEG data were processed using 3 different montages; two EEG power measures (absolute and relative power) were examined. Results: Relative power had much stronger associations with perfusion than did absolute power. In addition, calculating power for bipolar electrode pairs and averaging power over electrode pairs sharing a common electrode yielded stronger associations with perfusion than data from referential or single source montages. Conclusions: These findings indicate (1) that topographic EEG mapping can accurately reflect local brain function in a way that is comparable to other methods, and (2) that the choice of EEG measure and montage have a significant influence on the degree with which maps reflect this local activity and function. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Quantitat EEG Lab, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. Stanford Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Phys, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Cook, IA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, NPI, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM icook@ucla.edu OI Uijtdehaage, Sebastian/0000-0001-8598-4683 FU NIA NIH HHS [P30-AG10123]; NIMH NIH HHS [K02-MH01165, R01-MH40705] NR 32 TC 136 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0013-4694 J9 ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO JI Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 107 IS 6 BP 408 EP 414 DI 10.1016/S0013-4694(98)00092-3 PG 7 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Clinical Neurology SC Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 155DD UT WOS:000077930100005 PM 9922086 ER PT J AU Chang, L AF Chang, L TI The association of functional gastrointestinal disorders and fibromyalgia SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE irritable bowel syndrome; fibromyalgia ID IRRITABLE-BOWEL-SYNDROME; PAIN PERCEPTION; FIBROSITIS; SLEEP; CLASSIFICATION; DYSFUNCTION; STIMULATION; DISTENSION; TOLERANCE; DYSPEPSIA AB Previous epidemiological studies have confirmed the clinical impression that functional gastrointestinal disorders typically overlap with fibromyalgia (FM) in the same patient, suggesting a common etiology. FM syndrome occurs in up to 60% of patients with functional bowel disorders. Up to 50% of patients with a diagnosis of FM syndrome complain of symptoms characteristic of functional dyspepsia and 70% have symptoms of IBS. These two conditions have common clinical characteristics: (1) the majority of patients associate stressful life events with the initiation or exacerbation of symptoms, (2) the majority of patients complain of disturbed sleep and fatigue, (3) psychotherapy and behavioral therapies are efficacious in treating symptoms, and (4) low-dose tricyclic antidepressant medication can improve symptoms. Despite these similarities, their perceptual responses to both somatic and visceral stimuli differ. While FM patients characteristically exhibit somatic hyperalgesia, IBS patients without coexistent FM have somatic hypoalgesia to mechanical stimuli. Visceral distention studies have also demonstrated perceptual alterations in patients with IBS and FM although these findings appear to differ in the two conditions. Further studies will help explore the mechanisms which are responsible for the similarities and differences in clinical symptoms and physiologic parameters seen in IBS and FM. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Chang, L (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, CURE, Neuroenter Dis Program, Bldg 115,Room 223,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 1102-4151 J9 EUR J SURG JI Eur. J. Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 164 SU 583 BP 32 EP 36 DI 10.1080/11024159850191210 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 162HQ UT WOS:000078340400006 ER PT J AU Naliboff, BD Balice, G Mayer, EA AF Naliboff, BD Balice, G Mayer, EA TI Psychosocial moderators of quality of life in irritable bowel syndrome SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article DE irritable bowel syndrome; quality of life; assessment AB Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic disorder with symptoms that range in intensity from mild and infrequent to severe and continuous. Similarly the impact of IBS on Quality of Life (QOL) measures can range from very small to disabling. In a very simple model one might expect a change in symptom intensity or frequency to be reflected in a similar change in QOL. However, a variety of other factors may alter this straightforward and unidirectional relationship between symptomatic treatment and QOL improvement. This paper presents several classes of these potential. moderator variables in QOL outcome in IBS, as well as specific models of symptom, moderator, QOL relationships that can be investigated in future research. An illustrative example of a regression approach to analysis of psychosocial moderator variables indicates both psychosocial measures, and symptom severity, independently contribute to the prediction of QOL in IBS. C1 W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program, CURE,Dept Med, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program, CURE,Dept Physiol, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program, CURE,Dept Psychiat, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Naliboff, BD (reprint author), W Los Angeles VA Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program, CURE,Dept Med, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Bldg 115,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SCANDINAVIAN UNIVERSITY PRESS PI OSLO PA PO BOX 2959 TOYEN, JOURNAL DIVISION CUSTOMER SERVICE, N-0608 OSLO, NORWAY SN 1102-4151 J9 EUR J SURG JI Eur. J. Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 164 SU 583 BP 57 EP 59 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 162HQ UT WOS:000078340400010 ER PT J AU Sun, BM DeSalles, AAF Medin, PM Solberg, TD Hoebel, B Felder-Allen, M Krahl, SE Ackermann, RF AF Sun, BM DeSalles, AAF Medin, PM Solberg, TD Hoebel, B Felder-Allen, M Krahl, SE Ackermann, RF TI Reduction of hippocampal-kindled seizure activity in rats by stereotactic radiosurgery SO EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE radiosurgery; kindling; epilepsy; hippocampus; rats ID CEREBRAL ARTERIOVENOUS-MALFORMATIONS; MOSSY FIBERS; EPILEPSY; IRRADIATION; RADIOTHERAPY; NEURONS; MODEL; BRAIN AB Radiosurgery may provide an alternative therapy for intractable epilepsy by eliminating or modifying abnormally active pacemaker neurons in epileptic foci. In the present study, the effect of radiosurgery on rat hippocampal kindling was examined. Rats received daily hippocampal stimulus trains until they were fully kindled. They then underwent radiosurgery of the kindled focus, receiving a single-dose of 0-, 10-, or 40-Gy. The 40-Gy group demonstrated are acute decrease in seizure threshold (3-5 days). Three months after radiosurgery, the threshold for seizures increased and the duration of afterdischarges decreased in the 40-Gy radiosurgery group compared to controls. The changes to both seizure threshold and afterdischarge duration were not significant in the 10-Gy group. These data suggest that radiosurgery is an effective means of reducing the epileptogenic activity of seizure foci. (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Radiat Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neurosurg Serv, Los Angeles, CA USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Serv Neurol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Sun, BM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Neurosurg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 30 TC 20 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4886 J9 EXP NEUROL JI Exp. Neurol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 154 IS 2 BP 691 EP 695 DI 10.1006/exnr.1998.6935 PG 5 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 157TW UT WOS:000078078600039 PM 9878204 ER PT J AU Fass, R Naliboff, B Higa, L Johnson, C Kodner, A Munakata, J Ngo, JM Mayer, EA AF Fass, R Naliboff, B Higa, L Johnson, C Kodner, A Munakata, J Ngo, JM Mayer, EA TI Differential effect of long-term esophageal acid exposure on mechanosensitivity and chemosensitivity in humans SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX DISEASE; NONCARDIAC CHEST PAIN; BALLOON DISTENSION; SENSORY PERCEPTION; VISCERAL PAIN; HYPERALGESIA; SENSITIVITY; SENSITIZATION; INFLAMMATION; NEURONS AB Background & Aims: Chronic tissue injury in the esophagus associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease may result in sensitization of afferent pathways mediating mechanosensitivity and chemosensitivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity to intraluminal acid and to distention of the esophagus in patients with mild-to-moderate gastroesophageal reflux disease. Methods: Perceptual responses to intraluminal acid perfusion and to esophageal distention and pressure volume relationships were evaluated in 10 healthy volunteers and in 11 patients. Mechanosensitivity was evaluated with a barostat using unbiased distention protocols and verbal descriptor ratings of sensations. Chemosensitivity to acid was determined at baseline and after a 1-month treatment of acid suppression. Results: Patients showed enhanced perception of acid perfusion but not of esophageal distension. Chemosensitivity but not mechanosensitivity was correlated with reflux symptoms and with the degree of endoscopical ly shown tissue injury at baseline. Tissue injury was not associated with altered compliance. Conclusions: Mild-to-moderate chronic tissue injury in gastroesophageal reflux disease differentially affects mechanosensitive and chemosensitive afferent pathways. Chronic acid reflux by itself is not likely to play a role in reported esophageal hypersensitivity to distention in patients with noncardiac chest pain. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med,Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ,Neuroenter Dis Program, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Mayer, EA (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med,Digest Dis Res Ctr,Dept Med, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ,Neuroenter Dis Program, Bldg 115,Room 223,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 48351] NR 39 TC 205 Z9 209 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD DEC PY 1998 VL 115 IS 6 BP 1363 EP 1373 DI 10.1016/S0016-5085(98)70014-9 PG 11 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 144BW UT WOS:000077294700013 PM 9834263 ER PT J AU Jutabha, R Jensen, DM Machicado, G Hirabayashi, K AF Jutabha, R Jensen, DM Machicado, G Hirabayashi, K TI Randomized controlled studies of Injection Gold Probes compared with monotherapies for hemostasis of bleeding canine gastric ulcers SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID ENDOSCOPIC LOCAL INJECTION; PEPTIC-ULCER; HEATER PROBE; HEMORRHAGE; THERAPY; TRIAL; ELECTROCOAGULATION; SCLEROTHERAPY; COAGULATION; VARICES AB Background: There is a significant interest in combination therapy using endoscopic epinephrine injection and thermal coagulation for nonvariceal hemostasis. The purpose of the study was to compare the relative effectiveness, ease of use, and safety of new Injection Gold Probes to other hemostasis techniques in three randomized, controlled laboratory studies of bleeding canine gastric ulcers. Methods: Fifteen dogs with prehepatic portal hypertension were heparinized and bleeding gastric ulcers were induced with jumbo biopsy forceps. Three different prototypes of Injection Gold Probes were compared with monotherapy (thermal, electrocoagulation, or epinephrine injection alone), control, or combination therapy with separate injector and thermal probes. The treatment times, total number of pulses or injections, volume of epinephrine injected, and ease of applications were recorded. Gastric ulcer size, ulcer healing, and complications were evaluated at 1 and 4 weeks. Results: All endoscopic treatments were effective for acute hemostasis compared with control. Thermal coagulation alone was the fastest treatment to perform. The performance of the first Injection Gold Probe prototype was restricted by its small-gauge needle. The second and third Injection Gold Probe prototypes had a larger-gauge needle and irrigation channel which made them faster and easier to use than separate injection catheters and thermal probes. Conclusions: The advantages of Injection Gold Probes were the ability to irrigate, inject, and coagulate without probe removal. Combination therapy did not increase treatment-related complications compared with monotherapies. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Ctr Ulcer Res & Educ, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Jutabha, R (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Hlth Sci, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med, CHS 44-133, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 48 IS 6 BP 598 EP 605 DI 10.1016/S0016-5107(98)70042-2 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 149WG UT WOS:000077628800007 PM 9852450 ER PT J AU Yamaoka, Y Kodama, T Kita, M Imanishi, J Kashima, K Graham, DY AF Yamaoka, Y Kodama, T Kita, M Imanishi, J Kashima, K Graham, DY TI Relationship of vacA genotypes of Helicobacter pylori to cagA status, cytotoxin production, and clinical outcome SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Article ID VACUOLATING CYTOTOXIN; PEPTIC-ULCER; DUODENAL-ULCER; GASTRIC-CANCER; GENE; STRAINS; EXPRESSION; INFECTION; DISEASE; JAPAN AB Background. Mosaicism in vacA alleles with three distinct families of vacA signal sequences (sla, s1b and s2) and two distinct families of middle region alleles (ml and m2) has been reported. It was suggested that the vacA sla genotype was closely associated with duodenal ulcer disease and with high cytotoxin production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of vacA genotyping with respect to gastric inflammation and injury, cytotoxin activity, and clinical presentation. Methods. H. pylori from patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, or gastric cancer were characterized by vacA typing by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. In vitro cytotoxin activity was assessed by vacuolation assay using Vero cells as well as with Hela cells. Results. Four hundred ninety-one strains were tested. vacA genotype s1a/m1 was present in more than 95% of strains independent of presentation with gastritis, peptic ulcer, or gastric cancer. No vacA genotype was associated with high average cytotoxin activity. The s2/m2 isolates had low or absent cytotoxin activity. All cagA negative strains (n = 18) were sla strains and both s2/m2 strains were cagA positive. One strain that was a recombinant of mi and m2 strains was identified and had low cytotoxin activity. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences between original mi strains and Japanese mi strains (new mi strains) were about 85% and 81%, respectively. Strains with the new mi genotype had nucleotide and amino acid sequences similarity of more than 96%. There was no difference in cytotoxin activity between strains with the Western type mi and the new type mi genotype. Conclusion. In this as in other reported studies (approximate to 1500 patients overall) vacA genotype was strongly but not exclusively associated with the presence of cagA. Overall, the studies did not support a role for vacA genotyping in relation to cytotoxin activity, virulence, histologic finding, or risk of a particular H. pylori disease. vacA genotype sl is likely to be a surrogate marker for the presence of the cag pathogenicity. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Dept Internal Med 3, Kyoto 602, Japan. Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med, Dept Microbiol, Kyoto 602, Japan. RP Yamaoka, Y (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr 111D, Dept Med, 2002 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030 USA. NR 42 TC 100 Z9 106 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE INC PI MALDEN PA 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN, MA 02148 USA SN 1083-4389 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD DEC PY 1998 VL 3 IS 4 BP 241 EP 253 DI 10.1046/j.1523-5378.1998.08056.x PG 13 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA 149HX UT WOS:000077600000003 PM 9844065 ER PT J AU Calverley, DC Roth, GJ AF Calverley, DC Roth, GJ TI Antiplatelet therapy - Aspirin, ticlopidine/clopidogrel, and anti-integrin agents SO HEMATOLOGY-ONCOLOGY CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Review ID LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; VEIN-GRAFT PATENCY; CORONARY-BYPASS GRAFTS; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; UNSTABLE ANGINA; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; PLATELET-FUNCTION; INTERMITTENT CLAUDICATION; ATRIAL-FIBRILLATION AB Aspirin is the most widely employed antithrombotic agent in use today and has a proven role in the prevention and acute management of atherosclerosis-associated arterial thrombotic events. More recently developed antiplatelet agents have been found to have specific prophylactic roles associated with percutaneous coronary intervention and other clinical settings. This article outlines pharmacologic considerations and current clinical knowledge relevant to the use of aspirin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel, and the GPIIbIIIa antagonists in the management of thrombotic disorders. C1 Univ So Calif, Div Hematol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Univ Washington, Div Hematol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Hematol Sect, Seattle, WA USA. RP Calverley, DC (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Div Hematol, 1441 Eastlake Ave,MS 34, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NR 123 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0889-8588 J9 HEMATOL ONCOL CLIN N JI Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 12 IS 6 BP 1231 EP + DI 10.1016/S0889-8588(05)70051-4 PG 20 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 155DV UT WOS:000077931700006 PM 9922934 ER PT J AU Stout, JE Lin, YSE Goetz, AM Muder, RR AF Stout, JE Lin, YSE Goetz, AM Muder, RR TI Controlling Legionella in hospital water systems: Experience with the superheat-and-flush method and copper-silver ionization SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NOSOCOMIAL LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; PNEUMOPHILA AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of copper-silver ionization on Legionella colonization and nosocomial legionnaires' disease and to compare the efficacy of metal ions versus the superheat-and-flush method of disinfection. DESIGN: Prospective determination over a 36-month period of copper and silver ion concentrations in the recirculating hot-water system, Legionella colonization of the hospital water distribution system, and cases of nosocomial legionnaires' disease. Retrospective comparison of results with the previous 13 years, during which the superheat-and-flush method was used. SETTING: The Pittsburgh Veterans' Affairs Health Care System (University Drive Division) acute-care hospital. INTERVENTION: Three copper-silver ionization systems were installed on the hot water distribution system in November 1994. RESULTS: The average number of cases of legionnaires' disease per year and the percentage of distal sites positive for Legionella pneumophila for the superheat-and-flush method versus the copper-silver ionization method was six cases with 15% positivity versus two cases with 4% positivity, respectively. The reduction in Legionella colonization after copper-silver ionization was significant (P<.05) compared to the superheat and flush. Mean copper and silver ion concentrations (mg/L) were 0.29 and 0.054 hom hot-water tanks, and 0.17 and 0.04 from distal outlets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that a properly maintained and monitored copper-silver ionization system was more effective than the superheat-and-flush method for reducing the recovery of Legionella from the hospital water distribution system. C1 Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Special Pathogens Lab, Univ Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Vet Affairs Pittsburgh Hlth Care Syst, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Muder, RR (reprint author), Vet Adm Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Univ Dr C, Pittsburgh, PA 15240 USA. NR 15 TC 71 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 4 PU SLACK INC PI THOROFARE PA 6900 GROVE RD, THOROFARE, NJ 08086 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 19 IS 12 BP 911 EP 914 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 148DC UT WOS:000077536700008 PM 9872527 ER PT J AU Kemppainen, JK O'Brien, L Corpuz, B AF Kemppainen, JK O'Brien, L Corpuz, B TI The behaviors of AIDS patients toward their nurses SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NURSING STUDIES LA English DT Article DE critical incident technique; HIV/AIDS; patient-provider interaction ID CRITICAL INCIDENT TECHNIQUE; CARE AB The purpose of this study is to identify the behavioral responses of hospitalized patients with HIV/AIDS to nursing care providers. The critical incident technique, developed by Flanagan (1954) was used to obtain a listing of the behavioral responses. Patients were asked to recall brief descriptions of caregiving events. A purposive sample included 118 men and women with HIV/AIDS from broad socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds. A total of 273 critical incidents yielded a listing of 393 behaviors. The analysis of data was facilitated by a computer program which allowed for the creation of coding systems and refinement of coded items into behavioral response categories. The inductive content analysis yielded 10 major response categories: participate, anger, appreciate, come close, stay away, match respect, match disrespect, dependent, complaint, and self care. In the largest category, 41% of the patients described ways in which they participate actively in their nursing care. These behavioral responses sharply contrast with current literature which continues to place a negative emphasis on the attitudes and behaviors of nurses. One third of the patients listed angry behaviors which were directed at nurses. Behavioral descriptions of anger reflected increased irritability with advancing illness, intense psychological responses toward an AIDS diagnosis, or a violent and angry style of relating to others in street settings. Two of the response categories describe the reciprocal nature of nurse-patient interactions. By becoming aware of patient responses, nurses will obtain a greater understanding of what changes would influence outcomes in patient behavior. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. San Francisco VA Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco State Univ, Sch Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. RP Kemppainen, JK (reprint author), VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R03-MH54934-01] NR 21 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0020-7489 J9 INT J NURS STUD JI Int. J. Nurs. Stud. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 35 IS 6 BP 330 EP 338 DI 10.1016/S0020-7489(98)00047-9 PG 9 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 148CV UT WOS:000077536000004 PM 9871823 ER PT J AU Reddy, S Devlin, R Menaa, C Nishimura, R Choi, SJ Dallas, M Yoneda, T Roodman, GD AF Reddy, S Devlin, R Menaa, C Nishimura, R Choi, SJ Dallas, M Yoneda, T Roodman, GD TI Isolation and characterization of a cDNA clone encoding a novel peptide (OSF) that enhances osteoclast formation and bone resorption SO JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORMING GROWTH-FACTOR; HUMAN MARROW CULTURES; MULTINUCLEATED CELLS; PROTEINS; ACID; SRC AB Using an expression cloning approach, we identified and cloned a novel intracellular protein produced by osteoclasts that indirectly induces osteoclast formation and bone resorption, termed OSF. Conditioned media from 293 cells transiently transfected with the 0.9 kb OSF cDNA clone stimulated osteoclast-like cell formation in both human and murine marrow cultures in the presence or absence 10(-9) M 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D-3. In addition, conditioned media from 293 cells transfected with the OSF cDNA clone enhanced the stimulatory effects of 1,25(OH)(2)D-3 on bone resorption in the fetal rat long bone assay. In situ hybridization studies using antisense oligomers showed expression of OSF mRNA in highly purified osteoclast-like cells from human giant cell tumors of the bone. Northern blot analysis demonstrated ubiquitous expression of a 1.3 kb mRNA that encodes OSF in multiple human tissues. Sequence analysis showed the OSF cDNA encoded a 28 kD peptide that contains a c-Src homology 3 domain (SH3) and ankyrin repeats, suggesting that it was not a secreted protein, but that it was potentially involved in cell signaling. Consistent with these data, immunoblot analysis using rabbit antisera against recombinant OSF demonstrated OSF expression in cell lysates but not in the culture media. Furthermore, recombinant OSF had a high affinity for c-Src, an important regulator of osteoclast activity. Taken together, these data suggest that OSF is a novel intracellular protein that indirectly enhances osteoclast formation and osteoclastic bone resorption through the cellular signal transduction cascade, possibly through its interactions with c-Src or other Src-related proteins. J Cell Physiol 177.636-645, 1998. (C) 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Med Hematol Endocrinol, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Osaka Univ, Dept Biochem, Osaka, Japan. RP Roodman, GD (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Res Serv 151, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 39529]; NIADDK NIH HHS [AM 35188]; NIAMS NIH HHS [AR41336] NR 18 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 USA SN 0021-9541 J9 J CELL PHYSIOL JI J. Cell. Physiol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 177 IS 4 BP 636 EP 645 DI 10.1002/(SICI)1097-4652(199812)177:4<636::AID-JCP14>3.0.CO;2-H PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Physiology SC Cell Biology; Physiology GA 144DZ UT WOS:000077299700014 PM 10092216 ER PT J AU Iwen, PC Rupp, ME Bishop, MR Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA Tarantolo, S Hinrichs, SH AF Iwen, PC Rupp, ME Bishop, MR Rinaldi, MG Sutton, DA Tarantolo, S Hinrichs, SH TI Disseminated aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus ustus in a patient following allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplantation SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIPOSOMAL AMPHOTERICIN-B; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; BONE-MARROW; THERAPY; ENDOCARDITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISEASE AB The first case of disseminated aspergillosis caused by Aspergillus ustus in an allogeneic peripheral stem cell transplant patient is described. The patient, a 46-year-old female with a history of myelodysplastic syndrome, underwent high-dose chemotherapy and total body irradiation prior to transplantation. She was released from the hospital 49 days posttransplant (p.t.) in a stable condition with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 2,700 cells per yl. Multiple antimicrobial agents, including itraconazole (ITR), were prescribed during hospitalization and at the time of discharge. Three days after discharge, the patient was readmitted with hemorrhagic cystitis, persistent thrombocytopenia, and bilateral pulmonary consolidation, although no fever was present. The ANC at the time of readmission was 3,500, Upon detection of a pulmonary nodule (day 67 p.t.), a bronchoalveolar lavage was performed; the lavage fluid was positive for both cytomegalovirus and parainfluenza virus and negative for fungus. The patient was placed on ganciclovir, A biopsy specimen from a leg lesion also noted on day 67 p.t. revealed septate hyphae consistent with Aspergillus species, and a culture subsequently yielded Aspergillus ustus. Confirmation detection of A. ustus was made by demonstration of characteristic reproductive structures with the presence of Hulle cells. On day 67 p.t., ITR was discontinued and liposomal amphotericin B (AMB) was initiated. The patient's condition worsened, and she died 79 days p.t. At the time of autopsy, septate hyphae were present in heart, thyroid, and lung tissues, with lung tissue culture positive ford. ustus. In vitro susceptibility testing indicated probable resistance to AMB but not to ITR, This case supports the need for the development of rapid methods to determine antifungal susceptibility. C1 Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Fungus Testing Lab, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Audie L Murphy Div, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Iwen, PC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, 600 S 42nd St, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. NR 30 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 36 IS 12 BP 3713 EP 3717 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 140CP UT WOS:000077069400054 PM 9817905 ER PT J AU Lytton, WW AF Lytton, WW TI Adapting a feedforward heteroassociative network to Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE associative memory; inhibition; artificial neural network; hippocampus ID DEPOLARIZATION-INDUCED SUPPRESSION; CAT VISUAL-CORTEX; PIRIFORM CORTEX; PYRAMIDAL CELLS; GABAERGIC INHIBITION; DENTATE GYRUS; NEURONS; MEMORY; OSCILLATIONS; RESPONSES AB Using the original McCulloch-Pitts notion of simple on and off spike coding in lieu of rate coding, an Anderson-Kohonen artificial neural network (ANN) associative memory model was ported to a neuronal network with Hodgkin-Huxley dynamics. In the ANN, the use of 0/1 (no-spike/spike) units introduced a cross-talk term that had to be compensated by introducing balanced feedforward inhibition. The resulting ANN showed good capacity and fair selectivity (rejection of unknown input vectors). Translation to the Hodgkin-Huxley model resulted in a network that was functional but not at all robust. Evaluation of the weaknesses of this network revealed that it functioned far better using spike timing, rather than spike occurrence, as the code. The algorithm requires a novel learning algorithm for feedforward inhibition that could be sought physiologically. C1 Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Neurosci Training Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Lytton, WW (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Dept Neurol, 1300 Univ Ave,MSC 1715, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM billl@neurosim.wisc.edu NR 64 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-5313 J9 J COMPUT NEUROSCI JI J. Comput. Neurosci. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 4 BP 353 EP 364 DI 10.1023/A:1026456411040 PG 12 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 153JC UT WOS:000077829100001 PM 9877019 ER PT J AU Keen, A AF Keen, A TI Diagnosis and treatment of sociopaths and clients with sociopathic traits. SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE LA English DT Book Review C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA 15208 USA. RP Keen, A (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, VA Med Ctr Highland Dr,7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15208 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0885-7482 J9 J FAM VIOLENCE JI J. Fam. Violence PD DEC PY 1998 VL 13 IS 4 BP 445 EP 446 DI 10.1023/A:1022883405163 PG 2 WC Psychology, Clinical; Family Studies SC Psychology; Family Studies GA 142YZ UT WOS:000077229500008 ER PT J AU Camicioli, R Oken, BS Sexton, G Kaye, JA Nutt, JG AF Camicioli, R Oken, BS Sexton, G Kaye, JA Nutt, JG TI Verbal fluency task affects gait in Parkinson's disease with motor freezing SO JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DUAL-TASK; SIMULTANEOUS MOVEMENTS; BIMANUAL MOVEMENTS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; IGNITION FAILURE; PERFORMANCE; WALKING; ATTENTION; FALLS; DISORDERS AB We examined the effects of a simultaneous verbal fluency task on walking in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with freezing of gait (PD-F) compared to nonfreezing patients (PD-NF) or control subjects (C). Effects of antiparkinsonian medications on gait in PD-F were examined. PD-F patients exhibited a greater increase in the number of steps to complete the walk with verbal fluency, even when the effect of medication was taken into account (mean increase +/- SD): PD-F = 4.2 +/- 4.6, n = 10; PD-NF = 0.1 +/- 1.6, n = 9; C = 1.5 +/- 1.5, n = 19; P =.007. Medications improved walking in PD-F patients by decreasing the number of steps, the time to walk, and freezing. PD-F patients may be more dependent on attention for walking. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Aging & Alzheimer Dis Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Camicioli, R (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Aging & Alzheimer Dis Ctr, CR131,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478; Camicioli, Richard/0000-0003-2977-8660 FU NCRR NIH HHS [3M01-RR00334-30S1]; NIA NIH HHS [AG08017] NR 43 TC 81 Z9 84 U1 2 U2 6 PU DECKER PERIODICALS INC PI HAMILTON PA 4 HUGHSON STREET SOUTH PO BOX 620, LCD 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO L8N 3K7, CANADA SN 0891-9887 J9 J GERIATR PSYCH NEUR JI J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. PD WIN PY 1998 VL 11 IS 4 BP 181 EP 185 PG 5 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Clinical Neurology; Psychiatry SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 185KH UT WOS:000079667800003 PM 10230996 ER PT J AU Barrett, JD Zhang, ZS Zhu, JH Lee, DBN Ward, HJ Jamgotchian, N Hu, MS Fredal, A Giordani, M Eggena, P AF Barrett, JD Zhang, ZS Zhu, JH Lee, DBN Ward, HJ Jamgotchian, N Hu, MS Fredal, A Giordani, M Eggena, P TI Erythropoietin upregulates angiotensin receptors in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells SO JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE recombinant human erythropoietin; cultured vascular smooth muscle cells; angiotensin II receptor messenger RNA ID RECOMBINANT-HUMAN-ERYTHROPOIETIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; INDUCED HYPERTROPHY; HYPERTENSIVE RATS; AT(1) RECEPTOR; BINDING-SITES; MESSENGER-RNA; DNA-SYNTHESIS; GROWTH AB Objective Plasma renin is not elevated in recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO)-induced hypertension but angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors reduce blood pressure in both human and animal studies. Since rhEPO elevates renin and angiotensinogen messenger RNAs in angiotensin II target tissues such as the aorta, we explored the actions of rhEPO on renin-angiotensin system-related gene transcription of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Design and methods To separate direct actions of rhEPO from those mediated secondarily by potential activation of the renin-angiotensin system, vascular smooth muscle cells were cultured with rhEPO and enalapril to inhibit the angiotensin converting enzyme and losartan to inhibit angiotensin II type 1 receptors, Results Vascular smooth muscle cells cultured with rhEPO (6-8 units/ml) demonstrated elevations (40-120%) in messenger RNAs of the renin-angiotensin system (renin, angiotensinogen, angiotensin receptor types 1 and 2) and increased levels of several messenger RNAs known to respond to angiotensin It (transforming growth factor-p, insulin-like growth factor-II, epidermal growth factor, c-fos and platelet-derived growth factor). In contrast, cells cultured in the presence of rhEPO and enalapril or losartan showed elevations of messenger RNA for only the two types of angiotensin II receptor. This increase was higher than that obtained when cells were cultured with rhEPO or either antagonist alone. The increase in specific binding of angiotensin II to cells cultured in the presence of rhEPO and enalapril or rhEPO and losartan paralleled the changes in receptor messenger RNA. Conclusions rhEPO exerts its primary action on vascular smooth muscle cells via an increase in angiotensin receptor messenger RNA, resulting in a parallel increase in angiotensin II receptor expression. We suggest that increased receptor expression secondarily mediates the expression of other renin-angiotensin system messenger RNAs, which leads to angiotensin Ii-responsive gene transcription. The elevation in angiotensin II receptors, as observed in response to rhEPO, may provide a mechanism by which other forms of renin-dependent hypertension are initiated. (C) Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Vasc Pharmacol Lab 111H 1, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, San Fernando Valley Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Drew Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Barrett, JD (reprint author), Vet Adm Greater Los Angeles Hlth Care Syst, Vasc Pharmacol Lab 111H 1, 16111 Plummer St, Sepulveda, CA 91343 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [T32HL07656-11] NR 35 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0263-6352 J9 J HYPERTENS JI J. Hypertens. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1749 EP 1757 DI 10.1097/00004872-199816120-00007 PN 1 PG 9 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 146FH UT WOS:000077417800007 PM 9869008 ER PT J AU Kaufer, D Cummings, JL Christine, D AF Kaufer, D Cummings, JL Christine, D TI Differential neuropsychiatric symptom responses to tacrine in Alzheimer's disease: Relationship to dementia severity SO JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th Annual Meeting of the American-Neuropsychiatric-Association CY OCT 12-15, 1995 CL PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA SP Amer Neuropsychiat Assoc ID LEWY-BODY DEMENTIA; CHOLINERGIC HYPOTHESIS; BEHAVIORAL-CHANGES; TETRAHYDROAMINOACRIDINE; DIAGNOSIS; PSYCHOSIS; CORTEX; HALLUCINATIONS; DELUSIONS; DEFICITS AB Neuropsychiatric symptom responses to tacrine were investigated in an open-label study of Alzheimer's outpatients. Forty subjects were stratified into three groups (Mild, Moderate, and Severe) based on Mini-Mental State Examination scores. A significant reduction in total Neuropsychiatric Inventory score across all subjects was principally attributable to changes in the Moderate group. Apathy and disinhibition symptoms were significantly reduced overall. Whereas other symptoms showed differential responses in Mild and Severe subjects, all symptoms improved in Moderate subjects. These findings suggest that disease severity may significantly influence neuropsychiatric symptom responses to tacrine. Putative mechanisms underlying the observed pattern of responses are explored. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Behav Neurosci Sect, Psychiat Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Nursing Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Kaufer, D (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 4 W ADRC,200 Lothrop St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG10123, AG10533] NR 51 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0895-0172 J9 J NEUROPSYCH CLIN N JI J. Neuropsychiatr. Clin. Neurosci. PD WIN PY 1998 VL 10 IS 1 BP 55 EP 63 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA ZD354 UT WOS:000072676800008 PM 9547467 ER PT J AU Cornford, EM AF Cornford, EM TI Presentation of the 1998 recipient of the American Society of Parasitologists' mentor award, Dr Austin J. Macinnis SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg Vet Adm Epilepsy Ctr, Neuropharmacol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Cornford, EM (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, SW Reg Vet Adm Epilepsy Ctr, Neuropharmacol Lab, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 84 IS 6 BP 1078 EP 1080 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 157XV UT WOS:000078087700005 PM 9920294 ER PT J AU Guevara, LF Strack, S AF Guevara, LF Strack, S TI An examination of Millon's dimensional and stylistic descriptions of normal personality SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article AB Millon's new dimensional conceptualization of personality, as measured by the Millon Index of Personality Styles (MIPS; Millon, 1994), was linked to his traditional taxonomy of normal personality styles as assessed by the Personality Adjective Check List (PACL; Strack, 1987, 1991b). Participants were 61 male and 87 female college students (N= 148). At the bivariate level, PACL scales were most strongly associated with MIPS interpersonal behavior scales and least associated with MIPS cognitive-style scales. Similar PACL and MIPS interpersonal style measures were correlated highest with each other in 6 of 8 comparisons, whereas PACL personalities were reliably associated with MIPS measures of Millon's 3 basic axes. A factor analysis of combined scales yielded 4 principal components that accounted for 70% of the variance. The first 3 of these linked PACL scales in a predictable manner with all 3 MIPS measurement domains. A 4th factor, which loaded only MIPS scales, appeared to measure an artistic personality style. Results indicated that the MIPS retains Millon's original stylistic descriptions of normal personality while providing unique measures of his 3 bipolar axes and 8 Jungian cognitive styles (Jung, 1936/1971). C1 US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Psychol Serv 116B, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. Calif Sch Profess Psychol, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Strack, S (reprint author), US Dept Vet Affairs, Outpatient Clin, Psychol Serv 116B, 351 E Temple St, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LAWRENCE ERLBAUM ASSOC INC PI MAHWAH PA 10 INDUSTRIAL AVE, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-2262 USA SN 0022-3891 J9 J PERS ASSESS JI J. Pers. Assess. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 71 IS 3 BP 337 EP 348 DI 10.1207/s15327752jpa7103_4 PG 12 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology, Social SC Psychology GA 159EM UT WOS:000078158900004 ER PT J AU Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Alterman, AI McKay, JR Mulvaney, FD AF Cacciola, JS Rutherford, MJ Alterman, AI McKay, JR Mulvaney, FD TI Long-term test-retest reliability of personality disorder diagnoses in opiate dependent patients SO JOURNAL OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID FOLLOW-UP; AGREEMENT AB This investigation reports the two year test-retest reliability of DSM-III-R personality disorder (PD) diagnoses in a sample of 219 patients with opiate dependence-admitted to methadone treatment. Different MA/PhD interviewers at each assessment used a semistructured diagnostic interview for PD, the Structured interview for DSM-III-R Personality Disorders (SIDP-R), to make their diagnoses. The reliability of any PD diagnosis versus no PD-was fair (kappa = .51). The reliability for any specific PD (weighted kappa = .31) was poor. Antisocial (kappa = .45) and sadistic (kappa = .42), were the only specific PDs for which at least fair reliability was achieved. At the cluster level, only Cluster B had fair reliability (kappa = .47). The intraclass correlation coefficients between number of criteria for the specific PDs at the two evaluation points were consistently higher (range .22 to .62.) than were the corresponding kappas for categorical diagnoses. In that the base rates for most of the PDs were low and agreement of no diagnosis tended to be high, percent exact agreement for the specific PDs typically exceeded 90%. Increasing the base rate by lowering the diagnostic threshold, or examining more severe cases by raising the diagnostic threshold, did not consistently effect reliability. Reasons for the low kappa coefficients and the implications for PD research are discussed. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Studies Addict,TRC,Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cacciola, JS (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Studies Addict,TRC,Dept Psychiat, 3900 Chestnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 11 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0885-579X J9 J PERS DISORD JI J. Pers. Disord. PD WIN PY 1998 VL 12 IS 4 BP 332 EP 337 PG 6 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 154GA UT WOS:000077879400004 PM 9891287 ER PT J AU Adebanjo, OA Igietseme, J Huang, CLH Zaidi, M AF Adebanjo, OA Igietseme, J Huang, CLH Zaidi, M TI The effect of extracellularly applied divalent cations on cytosolic Ca2+ in murine Leydig cells: evidence for a Ca2+-sensing receptor SO JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON LA English DT Article ID ISOLATED RAT OSTEOCLASTS; CALCIUM-RECEPTOR; BONE-RESORPTION; CALCITONIN; ACTIVATION; SECRETION; CLONING; AGONIST; MUSCLE; CA-2+ AB 1. The effect of extracellularly applied divalent cations upon cytosolic Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]) was investigated in fura-2-loaded mouse Leydig (TM3) cells. 2. The extracellular application of Ca2+ (2.5-15 mM) or Ni2+ (0.5-5 mM) elicited concentration-dependent elevations in cytosolic [Ca2+] that were followed by decays to baseline levels. Extracellular Mg2+ (0.8-15 mM) failed to influence cytosolic [Ca2+]. 3. Conditioning applications of Ca2+ (2.5-10 mM), Mg2+ (2.5-15 mM) or Ni2+ (0.5-5 mM) all attenuated the cytosolic Ca2+ response to a subsequent test application of 5 mM [Ni2+]. 4. The amplitude of Ni2+-induced cytosolic Ca2+ signals remained constant in low-Ca2+ solutions. Such findings suggest a participation of Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. In parallel, depletion of Ca2+ stores by either ionomycin (5 mu M, in low-Ca2+ solutions) or thapsigargin (4 mu M) abolished or attenuated Ni2+-induced Ca2+ transients. 5. Ionomycin (5 mu M) elevated cytosolic [Ca2+] in Ca2+-free solutions even after prior Ni2+ application, indicating the presence of Ni2+-insensitive stores. 6. Caffeine (250 and 500 mu M) elevated cytosolic [Ca2+] and attenuated Ni2+-induced Ca2+ release. Furthermore, TM3 cells stained intensely with a specific anti-ryanodine receptor antiserum, Ab(34). These findings suggest that Ca2+ release is regulated by ryanodine receptors. 7. Both membrane depolarization and hyperpolarization, brought about by changes in extracellular [K+] ([K+](e)) in the presence of valinomycin (5 mu M), altered the waveform of the Ni2+-induced cytosolic Ca2+ signal. Hyperpolarization, in addition, diminished the response magnitude. Such voltage-induced response modulation localizes the regulatory events to the Leydig cell plasma membrane. 8. We propose the existence of a cell surface divalent cation (Ca2+) receptor in Leydig cells, the activation of which triggers Ca2+ fluxes through ryanodine receptors. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Geriatr & Extended Care Serv, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Med Coll Penn, Hahnemann Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. Univ Cambridge, Physiol Lab, Cambridge CB2 3EG, England. RP Zaidi, M (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Osteoporosis & Skeletal Aging, Geriatr & Extended Care Serv, Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RI Huang, Christopher/A-6248-2008 FU NCRR NIH HHS [G12 RR003034, RR03034]; NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG 14917-02]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI41231, R01 AI041231] NR 36 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0022-3751 J9 J PHYSIOL-LONDON JI J. Physiol.-London PD DEC 1 PY 1998 VL 513 IS 2 BP 399 EP 410 DI 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1998.399bb.x PG 12 WC Neurosciences; Physiology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Physiology GA 150JG UT WOS:000077661300008 PM 9806991 ER PT J AU Naliboff, BD Munakata, J Chang, L Mayer, EA AF Naliboff, BD Munakata, J Chang, L Mayer, EA TI Toward a biobehavioral model of visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material ID FUNCTIONAL DYSPEPSIA; INTESTINAL MOTILITY; CHEST PAIN; PERCEPTION; DISTENSION; COLON; HYPERALGESIA; STIMULATION; SENSITIVITY; MODULATION C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,CURE, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,CURE, Dept Physiol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,CURE, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Naliboff, BD (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Neuroenter Dis Program,CURE, Dept Med, Bldg 115-CURE,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. EM naliboff@ucla.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK48351] NR 47 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3999 J9 J PSYCHOSOM RES JI J. Psychosomat. Res. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 45 IS 6 BP 485 EP 492 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 137FA UT WOS:000076903100001 PM 9859851 ER PT J AU Schlesinger, N Beutler, A Schumacher, HR AF Schlesinger, N Beutler, A Schumacher, HR TI Controlling hyperuricemia - Dr. Schlesinger, et al reply SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID URATE C1 Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Philadelphia VA Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Schlesinger, N (reprint author), Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, 185 S Orange Ave, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO PI TORONTO PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA SN 0315-162X J9 J RHEUMATOL JI J. Rheumatol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 25 IS 12 BP 2478 EP 2478 PG 1 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 143WN UT WOS:000077280600046 ER PT J AU Chang, JJ Shinohara, K Bhargava, V Presti, JC AF Chang, JJ Shinohara, K Bhargava, V Presti, JC TI Prospective evaluation of lateral biopsies of the peripheral zone for prostate cancer detection SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE prostatic neoplasms; biopsy ID SYSTEMATIC SEXTANT BIOPSIES; CORE BIOPSIES AB Purpose: We evaluate the usefulness of adding 4 lateral biopsies of the peripheral zone to the routine sextant biopsy regimen for prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: A total of 273 consecutive patients referred for abnormal digital rectal examination and/or prostate specific antigen 4 ng./ml. or greater underwent transrectal ultrasound and systematic biopsy. Lateral biopsies of the peripheral zone taken just medial to the lateral border of the prostate were added to the routine lesion directed and systematic sextant biopsy regimen. Comparisons between positive and negative biopsy groups as well as among various biopsy schemes were performed. Results: Of the patients 44% had cancer on biopsy (121 of 273). While routine sextant biopsies detected 82% of cancers, 77% (17 of 22) of missed cancers were detected on lateral biopsies. Overall, lateral biopsies detected 70% of cancers, and tended to be positive in patients with small prostates and high grade tumors. A significant correlation was found between hypoechoic lesions on transrectal ultrasound and positive lateral biopsies (Fisher's exact test p = 0.0005). Cancer was found in 74 of 147 patients with lesions on transrectal ultrasound (50%). Routine sextant biopsies detected 76% of cancers (56 of 74 patients) while lateral biopsies detected 80% (59). Of these patients 15 (20%) had positive lateral and negative sextant biopsies. Routine sextant biopsies detected 91% of cancers in 121 patients without lesions on ultrasound (43 of 47). Conclusions: The addition of lateral peripheral zone biopsies increases the sensitivity for cancer detection while nearly eliminating the need for lesion directed biopsies. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Chang, JJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, Dept Urol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NR 12 TC 126 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 160 IS 6 BP 2111 EP 2114 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62254-7 PN 1 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 136TP UT WOS:000076875500043 PM 9817334 ER PT J AU Kao, YH Sorenson, JA Winkler, SS AF Kao, YH Sorenson, JA Winkler, SS TI Comment on "Cerebral tumor volume calculations using planimetric and eigenimage analysis" [Med. Phys. 23, 2035-2042 (1996)] SO MEDICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID PROBABILITY TECHNIQUES; VECTOR DECOMPOSITION; IMAGES; MODEL C1 Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Med Technol, Taipei 112, Taiwan. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Phys Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Radiol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Serv Radiol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. RP Kao, YH (reprint author), Natl Yang Ming Univ, Dept Med Technol, Taipei 112, Taiwan. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 USA SN 0094-2405 J9 MED PHYS JI Med. Phys. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 25 IS 12 BP 2478 EP 2478 DI 10.1118/1.598468 PG 1 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 149YX UT WOS:000077635700031 PM 9874844 ER PT J AU Tonini, M Fiori, E Balestra, B Spelta, V D'Agostino, G Di Nucci, A Brecha, NC Sternini, C AF Tonini, M Fiori, E Balestra, B Spelta, V D'Agostino, G Di Nucci, A Brecha, NC Sternini, C TI Endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 activate mu-opioid receptors in myenteric neurons of the guinea-pig small intestine SO NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endomorphin-l; endomorphin-2; mu-opioid receptors; opioid receptor antagonists; longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus preparation; guinea-pig ileum ID BINDING; ANTAGONISTS; INHIBITION; POTENT; BRAIN AB The novel opioid tetrapeptides, endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2, recently isolated from bovine and human brain bind with high affinity and selectivity to central mu-opioid receptors. In the digestive tract, a comprehensive pharmacological analysis of the receptors involved in endomorphin action has not been reported. In this study, we analyzed the effects of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 on longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparations (LMMPs) from the guinea-pig ileum. Both peptides (30 pM-1 mu M) inhibited (-log EC50 values: 8.61 and 8.59, respectively) the amplitude of electrically-induced twitch contractions in a concentration-dependent fashion, up to its abolition. Conversely, in unstimulated LMMPs, they failed to affect contractions to applied acetylcholine (100 nM). In stimulated LMMPs, the highly selective mu-opioid receptor antagonist, D-Phe-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Om-Thr-Pen-Thr-NH2 (CTOP), caused a concentration-dependent (30 nM-1 mu M), parallel rightward shift of endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 inhibitory curves, without depression of their maximum. Following Schild analysis, calculated pA(2) values were 7.81 and 7.85, respectively, with slopes not different from unity. Concentration-response curves to both peptides were not affected by 30 nM naltrindole (a selective delta-receptor antagonist) or 30 nM nor-binaltorphimine (a selective kappa-receptor antagonist). These results demonstrate that endomorphins selectively activate mu-opioid receptors located on excitatory myenteric plexus neurons, and that they act as full agonists. C1 Univ Pavia, Dept Internal Med & Therapeut, Div Pharmacol & Toxicol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Pavia, Fac Pharm, Inst Pharmacol, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, CURE Digest Dis Res Ctr, Div Digest Dis,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Neurobiol, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tonini, M (reprint author), Univ Pavia, Dept Internal Med & Therapeut, Div Pharmacol & Toxicol, Piazza Botta 10, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 41301, DK 54155] NR 18 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0028-1298 J9 N-S ARCH PHARMACOL JI Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 358 IS 6 BP 686 EP 689 DI 10.1007/PL00005313 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 147WH UT WOS:000077520200014 PM 9879730 ER PT J AU Peskind, ER Elrod, R Dobie, DJ Pascualy, M Petrie, E Jensen, C Brodkin, K Murray, S Veith, RC Raskind, MA AF Peskind, ER Elrod, R Dobie, DJ Pascualy, M Petrie, E Jensen, C Brodkin, K Murray, S Veith, RC Raskind, MA TI Cerebrospinal fluid epinephrine in Alzheimer's disease and normal aging SO NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE epinephrine; adrenergic; cerebrospinal fluid; Alzheimer's disease; yohimbine; clonidine; aging ID TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; ADRENERGIC-RECEPTORS; RAT-BRAIN; NEURONS; PLASMA; NOREPINEPHRINE; YOHIMBINE; CATECHOLAMINES; PROPRANOLOL; DYSFUNCTION AB Central nervous system (CNS) adrenergic systems are involved in regulation of behavior and blood pressure. The effects of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and normal aging on resting CNS adrenergic activity were estimated by measuring cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) epinephrine (EPI) concentrations in 74 persons with AD, 42 cognitively normal healthy older persons, and 54 healthy young persons. The responsiveness of CSF EPI to the alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist yohimbine and the alpha-2 adrenergic agonist clonidine teas measured in smaller subject groups. Resting CSF EPI was higher in AD than in older or young subjects, and increased with dementia severity in AD subjects. There was Mo relationship between resting CSF EPI and blood pressure. CSF EPI increased following yohimbine in AD and older subjects but not in young subjects. CSF EPI was unaffected by clonidine in all subject groups. The agitation increase following yohimbine was substantially greater in AD subjects than in older or young subjects. CNS adrenergic activity seems increased in AD, may further increase as AD progresses, and may be involved in the pathophysiology of agitation. (C) 1998 American College of Neuropsychopharmacology. Published by Elsevier Science Inc. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Peskind, ER (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Illness Res Educ & Clin Ctr, 166 MIRECC,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0893-133X J9 NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOL JI Neuropsychopharmacology PD DEC PY 1998 VL 19 IS 6 BP 465 EP 471 DI 10.1016/S0893-133X(98)00054-2 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Psychiatry GA 128TX UT WOS:000076423600002 PM 9803422 ER PT J AU Wang, MB Billings, KR Venkatesan, N Hall, FL Srivatsan, ES AF Wang, MB Billings, KR Venkatesan, N Hall, FL Srivatsan, ES TI Inhibition of cell proliferation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell lines with antisense cyclin D1 SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery CY SEP 16-22, 1995 CL NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg ID MOLECULAR-CLONING; ONCOGENE; CANCER; GENE; AMPLIFICATION; EXPRESSION; CHROMOSOME-11Q13; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN; REGION AB Cyclin D1 and cyclin G are essential regulatory factors in the progression of the cell cycle from GO through G1 and S phase. Aberrations in expression of these cyclins may lead to dysregulated cellular proliferation that could result in neoplasia. Amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 have been observed in many human cancers, whereas cyclin G is a new cyclin recently described in osteosarcoma cells. This study was performed to determine whether these cyclins were amplified in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumors. Polymerase chain reaction of DNA extracted from 22 HNSCC primary tumors and three HNSCC cell lines did not reveal amplification of cyclin D1 in any of the tumor samples. Southern blot analysis identified amplification of cyclin D1 in a single tumor. Amplification of cyclin G was not observed in any of the tumors by Southern blot hybridization with a cyclin G probe. HNSCC cell lines transfected with antisense cyclin D1 were tested for cell proliferation by the incorporation of H-3-thymidine into cells grown in serum-free media. By 72 hours of incubation, there was a greater than 30% reduction in proliferation of cells transfected with antisense cyclin D1 as compared with non-transfected control cells. The results indicate that cyclin D1 may play an important role in the growth and proliferation of HNSCC cells. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med,W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Surg, W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Childrens Hosp Los Angeles, Div Orthoped Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. RP Wang, MB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Div Head & Neck Surg, Sch Med,W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, CHS 62-132,10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. NR 23 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 119 IS 6 BP 593 EP 599 DI 10.1016/S0194-5998(98)70017-8 PG 7 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 146CE UT WOS:000077409400007 PM 9852531 ER PT J AU Rosenblatt, MR Olmstead, RE Iwamoto-Schaap, PN Jarvik, ME AF Rosenblatt, MR Olmstead, RE Iwamoto-Schaap, PN Jarvik, ME TI Olfactory thresholds for nicotine and menthol in smokers (abstinent and nonabstinent) and nonsmokers SO PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE olfaction; thresholds; nicotine; menthol; smoking; abstinence; odors ID NASAL PUNGENCY; PERCEPTION; CIGARETTES; TITRATION; SMOKING; ODOR AB Nonsmokers and smokers were compared for olfactory sensitivity to two odors associated with cigarettes: nicotine and menthol. Smokers were tested twice-while nonabstinent, and after 16-20 h of smoking abstinence. Smokers showed a higher olfactory threshold for nicotine than did nonsmokers, but the same threshold for menthol. Furthermore, when the smokers were abstinent, they showed a lower olfactory threshold for nicotine than when they were nonabstinent, but again, the same threshold for menthol. These results suggest a nicotine specific olfactory deficit in smokers that is reduced during abstinence. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Inc. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Psychopharmacol Unit, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Olmstead, RE (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0031-9384 J9 PHYSIOL BEHAV JI Physiol. Behav. PD DEC 1 PY 1998 VL 65 IS 3 BP 575 EP 579 DI 10.1016/S0031-9384(98)00193-0 PG 5 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 150HW UT WOS:000077659900023 PM 9877426 ER PT J AU Allen, JP Mattson, ME Miller, WR Tonigan, JS Connors, GJ Rychtarik, RG Randall, CL Anton, RF Kadden, RM Litt, M Cooney, NL DiClemente, CC Carbonari, J Zweben, A Longabaugh, RH Stout, RL Donovan, D Babor, TF DelBoca, FK Rounsaville, BJ Carroll, KM Wirtz, PW AF Allen, JP Mattson, ME Miller, WR Tonigan, JS Connors, GJ Rychtarik, RG Randall, CL Anton, RF Kadden, RM Litt, M Cooney, NL DiClemente, CC Carbonari, J Zweben, A Longabaugh, RH Stout, RL Donovan, D Babor, TF DelBoca, FK Rounsaville, BJ Carroll, KM Wirtz, PW CA Project MATCH Res Grp TI Therapist effects in three treatments for alcohol problems SO PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROBLEM DRINKERS; COUNSELOR; BEHAVIOR; DRINKING; SUCCESS; MOTIVATION; OUTCOMES AB Prior research indicates that therapist effects can be sizeable in substance-abuse treatment. Therapist differences were examined within a multisite (N = 1726) randomized trial of three psychosocial treatments for alcohol problems: twelve-step facilitation (TSF), cognitive-behavioral skills training (CBT), and motivational enhancement therapy (MET). Therapists (N = 80) were nested within treatments, selected and trained for expertise in a specific approach. This report describes: (1) differences in therapist characteristics across the three treatments; (2) the magnitude of therapist effects within each treatment; and (3) exploratory analyses of therapist attributes associated with successful outcomes. Therapist characteristics differed between TSF and the other two conditions. Significant therapist effects were found in client satisfaction and outcomes, even after covarying for effects of treatment sites and client baseline characteristics. Specific therapist attributes were predictive of client outcomes. Outlier therapists whose caseloads showed unusually poor outcomes accounted for most of the observed effects. C1 NIAAA, Sci Commun Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Res Inst Addict, Buffalo, NY USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. Univ Connecticut, Sch Med, Farmington, CT USA. Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, New Haven, CT USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. Univ Houston, Houston, TX USA. Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA. Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Connecticut, Farmington, CT USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. RP Allen, JP (reprint author), NIAAA, Sci Commun Branch, Willco Bldg,Suite 409,6000 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RI Carroll, Kathleen/A-7526-2009; Cooney, Ned/C-5176-2014 OI Cooney, Ned/0000-0001-6698-8312; Carroll, Kathleen/0000-0003-3263-3374; Litt, Mark/0000-0002-8319-6090 NR 70 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 3 U2 13 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 1050-3307 J9 PSYCHOTHER RES JI Psychother. Res. PD WIN PY 1998 VL 8 IS 4 BP 455 EP 474 PG 20 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA 148QE UT WOS:000077542700007 ER PT J AU Yim, JH Siegel, BA DeBenedetti, MK Norton, JA Lairmore, TC Doherty, GM AF Yim, JH Siegel, BA DeBenedetti, MK Norton, JA Lairmore, TC Doherty, GM TI Prospective study of the utility of somatostatin-receptor scintigraphy in the evaluation of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Endocrine-Surgeons CY APR 26-28, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Assoc Endocrine Surgeons ID TUMORS AB Background. Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are a potentially lethal component of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS) can be used to localize NETs and evaluate patients for extraduodenopancreatic disease; its utility in managing MEN 1 is undefined. Methods. All patients with MEN 1 evaluated by SRS from April 1994 to November 1997 are reported. SRS findings were correlated with other imaging studies and operative findings. Results. Thirty-seven SRS studies were performed in 29 patients with MEN I. SRS identified occult tumor in 36 % (4/11) of patients with only biochemical evidence of NET; 2 patients went on to resection. SRS showed tumor in 79% (15/19) of patients with computed tomography (CT)-demonstrated tumor; 30 % (6/20) of the SRS lesions were occult on CT. Conversely, 55 % (16/29) of CT-identified lesions were occult on SRS. SRS found distant disease in 21% (6/29) of patients. In patients who had previous operations, SRS found tumor in 40% (4/10) of patients, again with both new positive and false-negative results compared with other imaging SRS also had 3 important false-positive results, including 2 patient who had laparotomy with no tumor identified. Conclusions. SRS is useful in identifying otherwise occult NETs in patients with MEN 1 and can substantially alter management. However SRS also has significant false-positive and false-negative results that demand correlation with other studies. C1 Washington Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Endocrine & Oncol Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Div Nucl Med, Mallinckrodt Inst Radiol, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. San Francisco Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Doherty, GM (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Endocrine & Oncol Surg, Box 8109,660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [5P01-CA53524] NR 10 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD DEC PY 1998 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1037 EP 1042 DI 10.1067/msy.1998.92553 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 145UA UT WOS:000077388700024 PM 9854580 ER PT J AU Norton, JA Doherty, GM Fraker, DL Alexander, R Doppman, JL Venzon, DJ Gibril, F Jensen, RT AF Norton, JA Doherty, GM Fraker, DL Alexander, R Doppman, JL Venzon, DJ Gibril, F Jensen, RT TI Surgical treatment of localized gastrinoma within the liver: A prospective study SO SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Endocrine-Surgeons CY APR 26-28, 1998 CL ORLANDO, FLORIDA SP Amer Assoc Endocrine Surgeons ID ZOLLINGER-ELLISON SYNDROME; SOMATOSTATIN-RECEPTOR SCINTIGRAPHY; PANCREATIC ENDOCRINE TUMORS; GASTROENTEROPANCREATIC TUMORS; AGGRESSIVE RESECTION; SURGERY; METASTASES; MANAGEMENT AB Background. Studies demonstrate that liver metastases of gastrinoma significantly reduce survival. Methods. Since 1982 we have prospectively studied 213 patients with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. For this report the results of surgery for localized liver gastrinoma were analyzed. Results. Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was diagnosed biochemically in all patients and acid output was controlled with medications. Imaging studies demonstrated liver gastrinoma in 69 patients (32 %). Fifty-two had diffuse unresectable disease, whereas 17 (10 %) had localized disease. All patients with localized liver gastrinoma and 2 patients with diffuse disease who needed surgery are the subject of this report. Major hepatic lobectomy was performed in 10 patients and wedge resections in 9. Three patients had apparent liver primary gastrinomas and 16 had metastatic disease. Seventeen of 19 patients were able to have all identifiable gastrinoma resected. Extrahepatic tumor was also removed at the same procedure. Extirpation of liver gastrinoma required hepatic lobectomy in 10 patients and wedge resections in the others. Five-year survival was 85 %. Five of 17 completely resected patients (29 %) remained disease free. Conclusions, Resectable localized liver gastrinoma is rare. Primary liver gastrinomas can occur Surgical resection of localized liver gastrinoma provides a cure rate similar to that of extrahepatic gastrinoma and an excellent long-term survival. C1 San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Surg, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NCI, Surg Branch, Surg Metab Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, Biostat & Data Management Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIDDKD, Digest Dis Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Norton, JA (reprint author), San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 4150 Clement St, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RI Venzon, David/B-3078-2008 NR 25 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-YEAR BOOK INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0039-6060 J9 SURGERY JI Surgery PD DEC PY 1998 VL 124 IS 6 BP 1145 EP 1152 DI 10.1067/msy.1998.93110 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 145UA UT WOS:000077388700056 PM 9854596 ER PT J AU Vogel, D Carter, PB AF Vogel, D Carter, PB TI Pharmacology and the older person: Effects on communication SO TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; DEPRESSION; DELIRIUM AB Neurophysiology and neuropharmacology are reviewed, followed by a discussion of how drugs work in the nervous system. The effects of aging on pharmacokinetics, the study of how drugs move in the body, are discussed. Disorders that affect communication of older persons are presented along with a review of the drugs used to manage these disorders. The desired effects as well as side effects of the drugs are addressed. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Our Lady Lake Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. S Texas Vet Healthcare Syst, Extended Care Geriatr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Vogel, D (reprint author), Our Lady Lake Univ, Dept Commun Disorders, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASPEN PUBL INC PI FREDERICK PA 7201 MCKINNEY CIRCLE, FREDERICK, MD 21704 USA SN 0882-7524 J9 TOP GERIATR REHABIL JI Top. Geriatr. Rehabil. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 14 IS 2 BP 76 EP 86 PG 11 WC Gerontology; Rehabilitation SC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Rehabilitation GA 137HP UT WOS:000076908900008 ER PT J AU Wright, LS Kornguth, SE Oberley, TD Siegel, FL AF Wright, LS Kornguth, SE Oberley, TD Siegel, FL TI Effects of lead on glutathione S-transferase expression in rat kidney: A dose-response study SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE rat; kidney; glutathione S-transferase; lead; HPLC ID ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES; QUINONE REDUCTASE; P GENE; LIVER; ISOENZYMES; 3-METHYLCHOLANTHRENE; IMMUNOLOCALIZATION; BINDING AB Glutathione S-transferases (GST, EC 2.5.1.18) are a family of phase II detoxification enzymes involved in the conjugation of glutathione to a highly diverse group of compounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dose-response effects of lead acetate administration on the expression of rat kidney GST. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with doses of lead acetate ranging from 0.11 to 114 mg/kg (0.3 to 300 mu mol/kg) for three consecutive days and sacrificed 24 h later. Kidney GST activity, GST isoform HPLC profiles, blood lead analysis, and electron microscopy were performed. A dose of 1.1 mg/kg lead acetate resulted in a blood lead level of 26 mu g/dl and produced a significant increase in GST activity which continued to increase with dose up to 38 mg/kg. Morphological changes were detected at 3.8 mg/kg and increasing severity of cellular damage paralleled dose, blood lead levels, and changes in body weight. Individual GST isoforms exhibited different thresholds and maxima; rGSTP1 and rGSTM1 had thresholds of 1.1 and 3.8 mg/kg, respectively, very similar rates of increase with dose, and a maximum yield that was 450% above control at a dose of 38 mg/kg for both enzymes, rGSTA1 and rGSTA3 showed similar thresholds (1.1 mg/kg) and maximal fold increase (275%) but varied in the relative response to each dose. These results indicate that renal GST increases occur at lead levels which are environmentally significant, that these changes precede cellular damage, and suggest that GST may serve as a tissue biomarker of lead exposure. (C) 1998 Society of Toxicology. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Mol & Genet Sci Unit, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biomol Chem, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Madison, WI 53705 USA. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI 53705 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, Madison, WI USA. RP Siegel, FL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Mol & Genet Sci Unit, 1500 Highland Ave, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM siegel@waisman.wisc.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [HD03352]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS24669] NR 29 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD DEC PY 1998 VL 46 IS 2 BP 254 EP 259 DI 10.1093/toxsci/46.2.254 PG 6 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 167FX UT WOS:000078622800005 PM 10048128 ER PT J AU Guo, ZM Heydari, A Richardson, A AF Guo, ZM Heydari, A Richardson, A TI Nucleotide excision repair of actively transcribed versus nontranscribed DNA in rat hepatocytes: Effect of age and dietary restriction SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE DNA repair; hepatocytes; rat; aging; dietary restriction ID IRRADIATED MAMMALIAN-CELLS; PYRIMIDINE DIMERS; LIFE-SPAN; ULTRAVIOLET-LIGHT; FINE-STRUCTURE; DHFR GENE; DAMAGE; MICE; EXPRESSION; EFFICIENT AB The ability of primary cultures of rat hepatocytes to remove cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) from DNA fragments containing the transcriptionally active albumin gene and the transcriptionally inactive embryonic myosin heavy chain (MHCemb) and H-ras fragments as well as the genome overall was measured. At all UV doses studied, more CPDs were observed in the three DNA fragments and the genome overall in hepatocytes isolated from old (24-month-old) rats fed ad libitum than in young (6-month-old) rats fed ad libitum or old rats fed a calorie-restricted diet. The cultured hepatocytes preferentially removed CPDs from the albumin fragment compared to the genome overall or the MHCemb and H-ras fragments. The rate of repair (12 h after UV irradiation) of the albumin fragment was approximately 40% less in hepatocytes isolated from old rats than from young rats; this was due to a decrease in repair of the transcribed strand of this fragment, and dietary restriction prevented this decrease. The extent of repair (24 h after UV irradiation) of the MHCemb and H-ras fragments as well as the genome overall was reduced approximately 40% with age, and this decrease was reversed by dietary restriction, (C) 1998 Academic Press. C1 Univ Texas, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Richardson, A (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC 182, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [P0I AG14674] NR 59 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD NOV 25 PY 1998 VL 245 IS 1 BP 228 EP 238 DI 10.1006/excr.1998.4269 PG 11 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 145DY UT WOS:000077356800026 PM 9828120 ER PT J AU Peabody, JW Luck, J AF Peabody, JW Luck, J TI How far down the managed care road? A comparison of primary care outpatient services in a Veterans Affairs medical center and a capitated multispecialty group practice SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VA AB Background: Under increasing pressure to provide more efficient, higher-quality care, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is expanding primary care and implementing other managed care techniques. To assess the magnitude of performance improvement possible in the VA and to investigate potential barriers to implementation of new techniques, we compared a VA facility with similar managed care organizations on specific managed care performance benchmarks. Methods and Data Collection: Detailed case studies of a large VA medical center and a large capitated multispecialty group practice in the same region were carried out. Various qualitative and quantitative data were collected between October 1, 1994, and September 30. 1997. Unstructured and semistructured interviews, participant and direct observations, document review, electronic data abstractions, and patient surveys were used to collect the data. Results: Patients in the VA medical center were poorer (average income, $13 300 per year), older (36.5% aged 65 years and older), and more likely to be homeless (10.5%). The VA patients saw more specialists and made more emergency department visits than managed care patients. Although the VA had better electronic information flows, its providers saw fewer patients, had more unscheduled visits, and received fewer consultant reports, and its patients waited longer. Inpatient utilization was also higher (length of stay averaged 8 days) among VA primary care patients. Conclusions: On many dimensions the VA did not compare favorably with the efficiency or lower utilization of the capitated managed care practice. Part of the reason must be attributed to the VA's multiple missions, which include teaching and research; another reason is the VA's role to be a service provider to all eligible veterans regardless of sociodemographic or health characteristics. Whether these differences are also caused by different case mix, or differences in socioeconomic status of patients, surprisingly is not well understood. This hampers future efforts to use managed care techniques to improve the operation of the VA. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Peabody, JW (reprint author), Rand Corp, 1700 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. NR 16 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD NOV 23 PY 1998 VL 158 IS 21 BP 2291 EP 2299 DI 10.1001/archinte.158.21.2291 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 139TK UT WOS:000077045600001 PM 9827780 ER PT J AU Hill, JS Yang, D Nikazy, J Curtiss, LK Sparrow, JT Wong, H AF Hill, JS Yang, D Nikazy, J Curtiss, LK Sparrow, JT Wong, H TI Subdomain chimeras of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase - Localization of heparin and cofactor binding SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SUBSTRATE-SPECIFICITY; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HUMAN-PLASMA; DOMAIN; IDENTIFICATION; RESIDUES; PROTEIN; PHOSPHOLIPIDS; TRIGLYCERIDE; EVOLUTION AB To specify and localize carboxyl-terminal domain functions of human hepatic lipase (HL) and human lipoprotein lipase (LPL), two subdomain chimeras were created in which portions of the carboxyl-terminal domain were exchanged between the two lipases, The first chimera (HL-LPLC1) was composed of residues 1-344 of human HL, residues 331-388 of human LPL, and residues 415-476 of human HL, The second chimera (HL-LPLC2) consisted of just two segments, residues 1-414 of human HL and residues 389-448 of human LPL, These chimeric constructs effectively divided the HL C-terminal domain into halves, with corresponding LPL sequences either in the first or second portion of that domain, Both chimeras were lipolytically active and hydrolyzed triolein emulsions to a similar extent compared with native HL and LPL, Heparin-Sepharose chromatography demonstrated that HL-LPLC1 and HL-LPLC2 eluted at 0.80 and 1.3 M NaCl, respectively, elution positions that corresponded to native HL and LPL, Hence, substitution of LPL sequences into the HL carboxyl-terminal domain resulted in the production of functional lipases, but with distinct heparin binding properties. In addition, HL-LPLC2 trioleinase activity was responsive to apoC-II activation, although the -fold stimulation was less than that observed with native LPL, Moreover, an apoC-II fragment (residues 44-79) was specifically cross-linked to LPL and HL-LPLC2, but not to HL or HL-LPLC1. Finally, both chimeras hydrolyzed phospholipid with a specific activity similar to that of HL, which was unaffected by the presence of apoC-II, These findings indicated that in addition to a region found within the amino-terminal domain of LPL, apoC-II also interacted with the last half of the carboxyl-terminal domain (residues 389-448) to achieve maximal lipolytic activation. In addition, the relative heparin affinity of HL and LPL was determined by the final 60 carboxyl-terminal residues of each enzyme. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Scripps Res Inst, Dept Vasc Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Methodist Hosp, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Wong, H (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Lipid Res Lab, Bldg 113,Rm 312,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28481] NR 29 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 20 PY 1998 VL 273 IS 47 BP 30979 EP 30984 DI 10.1074/jbc.273.47.30979 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 141HG UT WOS:000077136900022 PM 9812994 ER PT J AU Levy, WC Cerqueira, MD Harp, GD Johannessen, KA Abrass, IB Schwartz, RS Stratton, JR AF Levy, WC Cerqueira, MD Harp, GD Johannessen, KA Abrass, IB Schwartz, RS Stratton, JR TI Effect of endurance exercise training on heart rate variability at rest in healthy young and older men SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RISK; BAROREFLEX; AGE; BRADYCARDIA; INFARCTION; BALANCE AB Heart rate variability (HRV) (SD of the RR interval), an index of parasympathetic tone, was measured at rest and during exercise in 13 healthy older men (age 60 to 82 years) and 11 healthy young men (age 24 to 32 years) before and after 6 months of aerobic exercise training. Before exercise training, the older subjects had a 47% lower HRV at rest compared with the young subjects (31 +/- 5 ms vs 58 +/- 4 ms, p = 0.0002), During peak exercise, the older subjects had less parasympathetic withdrawal than the young subjects (-45% vs -84%, p = 0.0001), Six months of intensive aerobic exercise training increased maximum oxygen consumption by 21% in the alder group and 17% in the young group (analysis of variance: overall training effect, p = 0.0001; training effect in young vs old, p = NS), Training decreased the heart rate at rest in both the older (-9 beats/min) and the young groups (-5 beats/min, before vs after, p = 0.0001), Exercise training increased HRV at rest (p = 0.009) by 68% in the older subjects (31 +/- 5 ms to 52 +/- 8 ms) and by 17% in the young subjects (58 +/- 4 ms to 68 +/- 6 ms). Exercise training Increases parasympathetic tone at rest in both the healthy older and young men, which may contribute to the reduction in mortality associated with regular exercise. (C) 1998 by Excerpta Medica, Inc. C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Seattle Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Div Nucl Med, Seattle, WA USA. Seattle Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Seattle, WA USA. Seattle Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Geriatr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Stratton, JR (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM jrs@u.washington.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [AG 06581, K12AG00503] NR 30 TC 127 Z9 135 U1 4 U2 18 PU EXCERPTA MEDICA INC-ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI BRIDGEWATER PA 685 ROUTE 202-206 STE 3, BRIDGEWATER, NJ 08807 USA SN 0002-9149 J9 AM J CARDIOL JI Am. J. Cardiol. PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 82 IS 10 BP 1236 EP 1241 DI 10.1016/S0002-9149(98)00611-0 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 139AL UT WOS:000077005200015 PM 9832101 ER PT J AU Strom, BL Abrutyn, E Berlin, JA Kinman, JL Feldman, RS Stolley, PD Levison, ME Korzeniowski, OM Kaye, D AF Strom, BL Abrutyn, E Berlin, JA Kinman, JL Feldman, RS Stolley, PD Levison, ME Korzeniowski, OM Kaye, D TI Dental and cardiac risk factors for infective endocarditis - A population-based, case-control study SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE endocarditis, bacterial; heart valve disease; dental care; antibiotics; risk factors ID MITRAL-VALVE PROLAPSE; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; BACTERIAL-ENDOCARDITIS; ANTIBIOTIC-PROPHYLAXIS; PREVENTION; CRITERIA; RECOMMENDATIONS; EFFICACY AB Background: Although antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis is recommended, the true risk factors for infective endocarditis are unclear. Objective: To quantitate the risk for endocarditis from dental treatment and cardiac abnormalities. Design: Population-based, case-control study Setting: 54 hospitals in the Philadelphia area. Patients: Persons with community-acquired infective endocarditis not associated with intravenous drug use were compared with community residents, matched by age, sex, and neighborhood of residence. Measurements: Information on demographic characteristics, host risk factors, and dental treatment was obtained from structured telephone interviews, dental records, and medical records. Results: During the preceding 3 months, dental treatment was no more frequent among case-patients than controls (adjusted odds ratio, 0.8 [95% CI, 0.4 to 1.5]). Of 273 case-patients, 104 (38%) knew of previous cardiac lesions compared with 17 controls (6%) (adjusted odds ratio, 16.7 [Cl, 7.4 to 37.4]). Case-patients more often had a history of mitral valve prolapse (adjusted odds ratio, 19.4 [Cl, 6.4 to 58.4]), congenital heart disease (adjusted odds ratio, 6.7 [Cl, 2.3 to 19.4]), cardiac valvular surgery (adjust ed odds ratio 74.6 [CI, 12.5 to 447]), rheumatic fever (adjusted odds ratio, 13.4 [CI, 4.5 to 39.5]), and heart murmur without other known cardiac abnormalities (adjusted odds ratio, 4.2 [CI, 2.0 to 8.9]). Among case-patients with known cardiac lesions-the target of prophylaxis - dental therapy was significantly (P = 0.03) less common than among controls (adjusted odds ratio, 0.2 [Cl, 0.04 to 0.7] over 3 months). Few participants received prophylactic antibiotics. Conclusions: Dental treatment does not seem to be a risk factor for infective endocarditis, even in patients with valvular abnormalities, but cardiac valvular abnormalities are strong risk factors. Few cases of infective endocarditis would be preventable with antibiotic prophylaxis, even with 100% effectiveness assumed. Current policies for prophylaxis should be reconsidered. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Allegheny Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19102 USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Strom, BL (reprint author), Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, 824 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 39000] NR 29 TC 237 Z9 245 U1 1 U2 68 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 129 IS 10 BP 761 EP + PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 138QW UT WOS:000076984800001 PM 9841581 ER PT J AU Freedman, R AF Freedman, R TI Biological phenotypes in the genetics of schizophrenia SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Freedman, R (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Campus Box C-268-71,4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 2 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 44 IS 10 BP 939 EP 940 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 137WA UT WOS:000076938700001 PM 9821557 ER PT J AU Peskind, ER Jensen, CF Pascualy, M Tsuang, D Cowley, D Martin, DC Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA AF Peskind, ER Jensen, CF Pascualy, M Tsuang, D Cowley, D Martin, DC Wilkinson, CW Raskind, MA TI Sodium lactate and hypertonic sodium chloride induce equivalent panic incidence, panic symptoms, and hypernatremia in panic disorder SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article DE panic disorder; sodium lactate; hypertonic saline; vasopressin; cortisol; sodium ID PITUITARY-ADRENOCORTICAL UNRESPONSIVENESS; ATRIAL-NATRIURETIC-FACTOR; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; ATTACKS; ANXIETY; VASOPRESSIN; INFUSION; SECRETION; SENSITIVITY; YOHIMBINE AB Background: Although experimental induction of panic by infusion of 0.5 mol/L sodium lactate in persons with panic disorder was described three decades ago, the mechanism underlying this observation remains unclear Here we asked if the rapid administration of the large sodium load contained in the 0.5-mol/L sodium lactate infusion might be involved in panic induction. Methods: We compared in panic disorder and healthy subjects behavioral, electrolyte, endocrine, and acid-base responses to three double-blind randomly ordered equal volume 20-min infusions: 0.5 mol/L sodium lactate, hypertonic saline (3% sodium chloride), and normal saline placebo. Results: Sodium lactate (0.5 mol/L) and hypertonic saline produced the same high incidence of panic and equivalent increases in panic symptoms, serum sodium, and plasma vasopressin in the panic disorder subjects. Neither hyper tonic infusion increased cortisol or adrenacorticotropin. Na normal subject experienced panic in any condition. The 0.5-mol/L sodium lactate infusion induced alkalosis, whereas hypertonic saline and normal saline induced a mild acidosis. Conclusions: Hypertonic sodium solution containing either chloride or lactate anion induces panic in panic disorder. The large sodium loads delivered by hypertonic saline and 0.5 mol/L sodium lactate may be involved in the mechanism of panic induction. Published by Society of Biological Psychiatry. C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC 16, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Mental Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Ctr Geriatr Res Educ & Clin, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Peskind, ER (reprint author), VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, MIRECC 16, 1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. RI Tsuang, Debby/L-7234-2016 OI Tsuang, Debby/0000-0002-4716-1894 NR 50 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0006-3223 J9 BIOL PSYCHIAT JI Biol. Psychiatry PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 44 IS 10 BP 1007 EP 1016 DI 10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00053-5 PG 10 WC Neurosciences; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 137WA UT WOS:000076938700009 PM 9821565 ER PT J AU Means, RT Middleton, T van Laer, A AF Means, RT Middleton, T van Laer, A TI Elevated serum protein nitrotyrosine content is associated with increased marrow iron stores in anemic patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RI Means, Robert/A-4454-2008 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 3058 BP 19B EP 19B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AX UT WOS:000077121400072 ER PT J AU Ryder, JW Wu, SC Hamilton, E Hunter, S Anderson, SM AF Ryder, JW Wu, SC Hamilton, E Hunter, S Anderson, SM TI Downregulation of tyrosine phosphorylation and intracellular signalling pathways in cells expressing a constitutively activated mutant form of the common beta subunit of the GM-CSF, IL-3 and IL-5 receptors. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Denver VA Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80262 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 259 BP 65A EP 65A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121300256 ER PT J AU Gazitt, Y Freytes, C Callander, N Tsai, TW Alsina, M Anderson, J Cruz, J Alvarez, R Montgomery, W Devore, P McGrath, M West, G AF Gazitt, Y Freytes, C Callander, N Tsai, TW Alsina, M Anderson, J Cruz, J Alvarez, R Montgomery, W Devore, P McGrath, M West, G TI Successful stem cell mobilization with high dose of G-CSP alone for patients failing first round of mobilization. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1112 BP 271A EP 271A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121301105 ER PT J AU Henick, K Vescio, R Scott, S Lee, M Schiller, G Berenson, J AF Henick, K Vescio, R Scott, S Lee, M Schiller, G Berenson, J TI The use of pamidronate prior to autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant does not impact mobilization or engraftment in multiple myeloma patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1120 BP 273A EP 273A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121301113 ER PT J AU Cruz, JC Alsina, M Anderson, J Mundy, GR Yoneda, T Roodman, GD AF Cruz, JC Alsina, M Anderson, J Mundy, GR Yoneda, T Roodman, GD TI Effect of ibandronate in an in vivo model of multiple myeloma. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Vet Adm Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 4186 BP 275B EP 275B PN 2 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AX UT WOS:000077121401209 ER PT J AU Callander, N Garaz, C Cruz, J Litofsky, I Freytes, C Tsai, T Anderson, J Alsina, M Holle, L AF Callander, N Garaz, C Cruz, J Litofsky, I Freytes, C Tsai, T Anderson, J Alsina, M Holle, L TI Active smoking increases morbidity associated with autologous marrow and peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1137 BP 277A EP 277A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121301130 ER PT J AU Pang, Q Fagerlie, S Christianson, TA Keeble, W Bagby, GC AF Pang, Q Fagerlie, S Christianson, TA Keeble, W Bagby, GC TI The Fanconi anemia (FA) protein FAC is required for recruitment of Stat1 to the IFN gamma receptor complex. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Oregon Canc Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 1967 BP 476A EP 477A PN 1 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121301957 ER PT J AU Adler, HT Chinery, R Wu, DY Kussick, SJ Tkachuk, DC AF Adler, HT Chinery, R Wu, DY Kussick, SJ Tkachuk, DC TI Leukemic HRX fusion proteins abrogate DNA damage-induced apoptosis. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Va Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle Div, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Cell Biol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2094 BP 509A EP 509A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302084 ER PT J AU Kwiatkowski, BA Hickstein, DD AF Kwiatkowski, BA Hickstein, DD TI Expression of the ETS family member Tel reverses the phenotype in cells expressing Fli-1. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 VA Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Seattle, WA USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2348 BP 571A EP 571A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302335 ER PT J AU Fagerlie, SR Christianson, TA Keeble, W Diaz, J Bagby, GC AF Fagerlie, SR Christianson, TA Keeble, W Diaz, J Bagby, GC TI The fanconi anemia (FA) protein FAC modulates expression of IFN gamma inducible genes (IRF-1, p21(waf1), and ISGF3 gamma). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Canc, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland VA Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2371 BP 576A EP 576A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302358 ER PT J AU Feng, S Christodoulides, N Kroll, MH AF Feng, S Christodoulides, N Kroll, MH TI Expression of the Gp Ib/IX complex regulates cell growth. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2405 BP 584A EP 584A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302392 ER PT J AU Shu, J Cheng, G Lichtenstein, A AF Shu, J Cheng, G Lichtenstein, A TI Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-induced prevention against apoptosis in multiple myeloma (MM) cells: Possible involvement of an induced jun kinase (JNK) phosphatase. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2615 BP 634A EP 634A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302602 ER PT J AU Harris, KW Hu, XJ Schultz, S Arcasoy, M AF Harris, KW Hu, XJ Schultz, S Arcasoy, M TI Normal and truncated erythropoietin receptors are able to transfer distinct cellular phenotypes to the IL-3 receptor SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, Div Hematol, San Antonio, TX USA. Yale Univ, Div Hematol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2783 BP 675A EP 675A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302769 ER PT J AU Afshar-Kharghan, V Khoshnevis-Asl, M Hopkins, P Lopez, JA AF Afshar-Kharghan, V Khoshnevis-Asl, M Hopkins, P Lopez, JA TI Polymorphism of the platelet glycoprotein (GP) Ib alpha Kozak sequence determines the surface level of the GP Ib-IX-V complex and risk for early myocardial infarction. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2887 BP 702A EP 702A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302871 ER PT J AU Lopez, JA Romo, GM Dong, JF Schade, A Kansas, GS McIntire, LV Berndt, MC AF Lopez, JA Romo, GM Dong, JF Schade, A Kansas, GS McIntire, LV Berndt, MC TI The glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex is a platelet counter-receptor for P-selectin. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Baker Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. RI Berndt, Michael/D-5580-2012 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 15 PY 1998 VL 92 IS 10 SU 1 MA 2892 BP 703A EP 703A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 141AW UT WOS:000077121302876 ER PT J AU Garfinkel, MS Singhal, A Katz, WA Allan, DA Reshetar, R Schumacher, HR AF Garfinkel, MS Singhal, A Katz, WA Allan, DA Reshetar, R Schumacher, HR TI Yoga-based intervention for carpal tunnel syndrome - A randomized trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article AB Context.-Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common complication of repetitive activities and causes significant morbidity, Objective.-To determine the effectiveness of a yoga-based regimen for relieving symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome. Design.-Randomized, single-blind, controlled trial. Setting.-A geriatric center and an industrial site in 1994-1995. Patients.-Forty-two employed or retired individuals with carpal tunnel syndrome (median age, 52 years; range, 24-77 years). Intervention.-Subjects assigned to the yoga group received a yoga-based intervention consisting of 11 yoga postures designed for strengthening, stretching, and balancing each joint in the upper body along with relaxation given twice weekly for 8 weeks. Patients in the control group were offered a wrist splint to supplement their current treatment. Main Outcome Measures.-Changes from baseline to 8 weeks in grip strength, pain intensity, sleep disturbance, Phalen sign, and Tinel sign, and in median nerve motor and sensory conduction time. Results.-Subjects in the yoga groups had significant improvement in grip strength (increased from 162 to 187 mm Hg; P = .009) and pain reduction (decreased from 5.0 to 2.9 mm; P = .02), but changes in grip strength and pain were not significant for control subjects. The yoga group had significantly more improvement in Phalen sign (12 improved vs 2 in control group; P = .008), but no significant differences were found in sleep disturbance, Tinel sign, and median nerve motor and sensory conduction time. Conclusion.-In this preliminary study, a yoga-based regimen was more effective than wrist splinting or no treatment in relieving some symptoms and signs of carpal tunnel syndrome. C1 Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Arthrit Immunol Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. Univ Penn, Presbyterian Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Amer Board Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Garfinkel, MS (reprint author), 2301 Cherry St,16F, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. NR 10 TC 142 Z9 142 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 11 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 18 BP 1601 EP 1603 DI 10.1001/jama.280.18.1601 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 136GX UT WOS:000076852000028 PM 9820263 ER PT J AU Wilt, TJ Ishani, A Stark, G MacDonald, R Lau, J Mulrow, C AF Wilt, TJ Ishani, A Stark, G MacDonald, R Lau, J Mulrow, C TI Saw palmetto extracts for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia - A systematic review SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID SERENOA-REPENS; DOUBLE-BLIND; CLINICAL-TRIALS; FINASTERIDE; METAANALYSIS; PHYTOTHERAPY; PLACEBO; PERMIXON(R); HYPERTROPHY; EFFICACY AB Objective.-To conduct a systematic review and, where possible, quantitative meta-analysis of the existing evidence regarding the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the saw palmetto plant extract, Serenoa repens, in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Data Sources.-Studies were identified through the search of MEDLINE (1966-1997), EMBASE, Phytodok, the Cochrane Library, bibliographies of identified trials and review articles, and contact with relevant authors and drug companies, Study Selection.-Randomized trials were included if participants had symptomatic BPH, the intervention was a preparation of S repens alone or in combination with other phytotherapeutic agents, a control group received placebo or other pharmacological therapies for BPH, and the treatment duration was at least 30 days. Data Extraction.-Two investigators for each article (T.J.W,, A.I., G,S., and R.M.) independently extracted key data on design features, subject characteristics, therapy allocation, and outcomes of the studies. Data Synthesis.-A total of 18 randomized controlled trials involving 2939 men met inclusion criteria and were analyzed, Many studies did not report results in a method that permitted meta-analysis. Treatment allocation concealment was adequate in 9 studies; 16 were double-blinded. The mean study duration was 9 weeks (range, 4-48 weeks). As compared with men receiving placebo, men treated with S repens had decreased urinary tract symptom scores (weighted mean difference [WMD], -1.41 points [scale range, 0-19] [95% confidence interval (CI), -2.52 to -0.30] [n = 1 study]), nocturia (WMD, -0.76 times per evening [95% CI, -1.22 to -0.32] [n = 10 studies]), and improvement in self-rating of urinary tract symptoms; risk ratio for improvement (1.72 [:95% CI, 1.21-2.44] [n = 6 studies]), and peak urine flow (WMD, 1.93 mVs [95% CI, 0.72-3.14] [n = 8 studies]). Compared with men receiving finasteride, men treated with S repens had similar improvements in urinary tract symptom scores (WMD, 0.37 international Prostate Symptom Score points [scale range, 0-35] 1:95% CI, -0.45 to 1.19] [n =2 studiesl) and peak urine flow (WMD, -0.74 mL/s [95% CI, -1.66 to 0.18] [n = 2 studies]). Adverse effects due to S repens were mild and infrequent; erectile dysfunction was more frequent with finasteride (4.9%) than with S repens (1.1%; P < .001). Withdrawal rates in men assigned to placebo, S repens, or finasteride were 7%, 9%, and 11%, respectively. Conclusions.-The existing literature on S repens for treatment of BPH is limited in terms of the short duration of studies and variability in study design, use of phytotherapeutic preparations, and reports of outcomes. However, the evidence suggests that S repens improves urologic symptoms and flow measures. Compared with finasteride, S repens produces similar improvement in urinary tract symptoms and urinary flow and was associated with fewer adverse treatment events. Further research is needed using standardized preparations of S repens to determine its long-term effectiveness and ability to prevent BPH complications. C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Cochrane Collaborat Review Grp Prostat Dis & Urol, Coordinating Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. Minneapolis Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Ctr Chron Dis Outcomes Res, Minneapolis Vet Integrated Serv Network 13, Minneapolis, MN USA. New England Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Cochrane Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Wilt, TJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Vet Affairs, Cochrane Collaborat Review Grp Prostat Dis & Urol, Coordinating Ctr, 111-O,1 Vet Dr, Minneapolis, MN 55417 USA. EM wilt.timothy@minneapolis.va.gov NR 51 TC 217 Z9 223 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 11 PY 1998 VL 280 IS 18 BP 1604 EP 1609 DI 10.1001/jama.280.18.1604 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 136GX UT WOS:000076852000029 PM 9820264 ER PT J AU Brody, AL Saxena, S Schwartz, JM Stoessel, PW Maidment, K Phelps, ME Baxter, LR AF Brody, AL Saxena, S Schwartz, JM Stoessel, PW Maidment, K Phelps, ME Baxter, LR TI FDG-PET predictors of response to behavioral therapy and pharmacotherapy in obsessive compulsive disorder SO PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH-NEUROIMAGING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 52nd Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Biological-Psychiatry CY MAY 14-18, 1997 CL SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA SP Soc Biol Psychiat DE obsessive-complusive disorder; fluoxetine; fluorodeoxyglucose; positron emission tomography; treatment response; orbitofrontal cortex ID GLUCOSE METABOLIC RATES; POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; ALERT CYNOMOLGUS MONKEY; GUSTATORY RESPONSES; MACAQUE MONKEY; CORTEX; DEPRESSION; RELIABILITY; NEURONS; HUNGER AB In subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), lower pre-treatment metabolism in the right orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and anterior cingulate gyrus (AC) has been associated with a better response to clomipramine. We sought to determine pre-treatment metabolic predictors of response to behavioral therapy (BT) vs, pharmacotherapy in subjects with OCD. To do this, [F-18]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans of the brain were obtained in subjects with OCD before treatment with either BT or fluoxetine. A Step-Wise Variable Selection was applied to normalized pre-treatment glucose metabolic rates in the OFC, AC, and caudate by treatment response (change in Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale) in the larger BT group. Left OFC metabolism (normalized to the ipsilateral hemisphere) alone was selected as predicting treatment response in the BT-treated group (F = 6.07, d.f. = 1,17, P = 0.025). Correlations between normalized left OFC metabolism and treatment response revealed that higher normalized metabolism in this region was associated with greater improvement in the BT-treated group (tau = 0.35, P = 0.04), but worse outcome (tau = - 0.57, P = 0.03) in the fluoxetine-treated group. These results suggest that subjects with differing patterns of metabolism preferentially respond to BT vs. medication. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med & Mol Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Behav Neurobiol, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Brody, AL (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Neuropsychiat Inst & Hosp, Room 67-468,760 Westwood Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM abrody@ucla.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH-53565] NR 31 TC 171 Z9 178 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0925-4927 J9 PSYCHIAT RES-NEUROIM JI Psychiatry Res. Neuroimaging PD NOV 9 PY 1998 VL 84 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/S0925-4927(98)00041-9 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neuroimaging; Psychiatry SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychiatry GA 147GD UT WOS:000077479800001 PM 9870412 ER PT J AU Allen, DN Huegel, SG Seaton, BE Goldstein, G Gurklis, JA van Kammen, DP AF Allen, DN Huegel, SG Seaton, BE Goldstein, G Gurklis, JA van Kammen, DP TI Confirmatory factor analysis of the WAIS-R in patients with schizophrenia SO SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE schizophrenia; WAIS-R; confirmatory factor analysis ID DISORDERS AB Although factor scores are commonly used to interpret the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R), the WAIS-R factor structure has not been investigated in patients with schizophrenia. We used confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to examine five latent construct models in 169 males with schizophrenia. The WAIS-R standardization sample (ages 35-44; n = 250) was used as a comparison group. For both groups, all model fit indexes used to determine model adequacy supported models composed of Verbal Comprehension (VC), Perceptual Organization (PO) and Freedom from Distractibility (FFD) factors. However, the Digit Symbol subtest loaded on both the PO and FFD factors for patients with schizophrenia but only on the FFD factor for the WAIS-R standardization sample. Patients with schizophrenia performed significantly worse on the FFD and PO factors compared to the VC factor, reflecting the well-characterized attention and problem solving deficits associated with schizophrenia. Also, patients with schizophrenia performed significantly worse than the WAIS-R sample on all factors. These results provide support for the validity of the WAIS-R factors in patients with schizophrenia. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. C1 VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RW Johnson Pharmaceut Res Inst, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA. RP Allen, DN (reprint author), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Highland Dr Div, 7180 Highland Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01MH44-841] NR 16 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-9964 J9 SCHIZOPHR RES JI Schizophr. Res. PD NOV 9 PY 1998 VL 34 IS 1-2 BP 87 EP 94 DI 10.1016/S0920-9964(98)00090-5 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 137HW UT WOS:000076909500009 PM 9824880 ER PT J AU Drescher, P Knes, JM Madsen, PO AF Drescher, P Knes, JM Madsen, PO TI Histamine release and contrast media-induced renal vasoconstriction SO ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE histamine; H-1 and H-2 blockers; contrast media; renal vasoconstriction AB Rationale and Objectives. The authors' purpose was to investigate the role of histamine release causing renal vasoconstriction induced by application of contrast media, an important element in contrast medium-induced nephrotoxicity. Materials and Methods. Isometric contractions in rabbit segmental renal arteries stimulated with KCl and increasing concentrations of the ionic contrast medium diatrizoate and the nonionic agents iomeprol and iodixanol were studied both with and without increasing concentrations of the histamine H-1 and H-2 blockers diphenhydramine and cimetidine. Histamine concentrations after contrast medium application were determined. Results. Contrast-induced, dose-dependent, reversible renal artery contractions of 27%, 4.5%, and 5% of the control KCl contraction were found for diatrizoate, iodixanol, and iomeprol respectively. Those induced by the ionic contrast medium were statistically significantly higher (P < .01). Contractions were partially inhibited by diphenhydramine (49%) but not by cimetidine. Significant elevation of histamine concentrations (P < .05) was detected only after stimulation with diatrizoate but not with nonionic agents. Conclusion. Ionic contrast medium induces histamine release leading to renal vasoconstriction, which can be partly blocked by H-1 blockers. Histamine has no effect on renal vasospasm induced by nonionic contrast media. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. William S Middleton Mem Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Sect, Madison, WI USA. RP Drescher, P (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Radiol, 9200 W Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC UNIV RADIOLOGISTS PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BLVD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523-2251 USA SN 1076-6332 J9 ACAD RADIOL JI Acad. Radiol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 5 IS 11 BP 785 EP 789 DI 10.1016/S1076-6332(98)80263-8 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA V3315 UT WOS:000175068300005 PM 9809077 ER PT J AU Gralnek, IM Jensen, DM Gornbein, J Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Freeman, ML King, J Jensen, ME Cheng, S Machicado, GA Smith, JA Randall, GM Sue, M AF Gralnek, IM Jensen, DM Gornbein, J Kovacs, TOG Jutabha, R Freeman, ML King, J Jensen, ME Cheng, S Machicado, GA Smith, JA Randall, GM Sue, M TI Clinical and economic outcomes of individuals with severe peptic ulcer hemorrhage and nonbleeding visible vessel: An analysis of two prospective clinical trials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID UPPER GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEATER PROBE; MULTIPOLAR ELECTROCOAGULATION; ENDOSCOPIC THERAPY; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; OUTPATIENT CARE; INJECTION; DISEASE; LASER AB Objective: We report the clinical outcomes and direct medical costs of 155 patients with severe peptic ulcer hemorrhage and a nonbleeding visible vessel at emergency endoscopy treated with endoscopic hemostasis or medical-surgical therapy. Methods: In two consecutive, prospective, randomized, controlled trials, patients were randomly assigned to endoscopic hemostasis (heater probe, bipolar electrocoagulation, or injection sclerosis) or medical-surgical treatment. Study endpoints included the incidence of severe ulcer rebleeding and emergency surgery, length of hospital stay, blood transfusion requirements, mortality rate, and direct costs of utilized health care. Direct medical costs were estimated using combined fixed and variable institutional costs for consumed resources and Medicare reimbursement rates. Results: Compared with medical-surgical treatment, endoscopically treated patients had significantly lower rates of severe ulcer rebleeding (p = 0.004), emergency surgery (p = 0.002 and p = 0.019, 0.024), and blood transfusions (p = 0.025). Observed inter-trial differences in ulcer rebleeding rates may be partially explained in a multivariate model by covariates of comorbid disease and inpatient ulcer bleeding. In both trials, length of hospital stay, mortality rates, and treatment-related complications were similar. Estimated median direct costs per patient differed: The first trial had lower costs with endoscopic hemostasis ($4254, vs $4620 for electrocoagulation and $5909 for medical-surgical treatment), yet the second trial yielded lower costs with medical-surgical treatment ($3169, vs $3477 for injection sclerosis and $4098 for heater probe). Conclusions: Compared with medical-surgical therapy, endoscopic hemostasis for severe ulcer hemorrhage and a nonbleeding visible vessel yielded significantly better patient outcomes and was safe. This procedure may or may not yield lower direct medical costs and cost savings. (C) 1998 by Am. Coll. of Gastroenterology. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med,Ctr Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Biomath, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Alton Ochsner Med Fdn & Ochsner Clin, New Orleans, LA 70121 USA. White Mem Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Gralnek, IM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Digest Dis, Dept Med,Ctr Hlth Sci, CHS 44-138,10833 LeConte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RI smith, james/C-9922-2016 FU NIADDK NIH HHS [NIH-NIDDK ROI-AM33273]; NIDDK NIH HHS [NIH-NIDDK 41301] NR 38 TC 65 Z9 67 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2047 EP 2056 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 136JZ UT WOS:000076856800007 PM 9820371 ER PT J AU Faigel, DO Deveney, C Phillips, D Fennerty, MB AF Faigel, DO Deveney, C Phillips, D Fennerty, MB TI Biopsy-negative malignant esophageal stricture: Diagnosis by endoscopic ultrasound SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MULTIMODAL THERAPY; ACHALASIA; CANCER; ADENOCARCINOMA; SURGERY AB Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) of the esophagus has been used primarily in staging biopsy-proven cancers. Its use as a primary diagnostic modality for esophageal malignancy has not been previously described. We report our recent experience in four patients with dysphagia and endoscopic biopsies negative for malignancy, including one patient with clinical and manometric features suggestive of achalasia, In all cases, EUS revealed a large infiltrating tumor invading through the esophageal wall into the surrounding tissues, and in one case into the aorta. Computed tomography suggested the possibility of a tumor in only one of the cases. Two patients underwent esophagectomy and were found to have adenocarcinoma, Two patients underwent repeat biopsy with alternative aggressive biopsy techniques and were found to have squamous cell carcinoma. We conclude that EUS is useful in the diagnosis of esophageal cancer and should be performed in selected patients with esophageal strictures whose biopsies are negative for malignancy; i.e., those with suspicious endoscopic or radiographic appearance, atypical presentation (e.g., profound weight loss, short duration of symptoms, or advanced age), and failure to respond to treatment. (C) 1998 by Am, Cell. of Gastroenterology. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, GI Div P3GI, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Faigel, DO (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Portland VA Med Ctr, GI Div P3GI, Dept Med, 3710 SW Vet Hosp Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 93 IS 11 BP 2257 EP 2260 PG 4 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 136JZ UT WOS:000076856800046 PM 9820410 ER PT J AU Fan, H Nicholls, J Ng, MH Chan, KH Gulley, ML AF Fan, H Nicholls, J Ng, MH Chan, KH Gulley, ML TI EBV viral load in serum of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BALTIMORE PA 428 EAST PRESTON ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21202-3993 USA SN 0002-9440 J9 AM J PATHOL JI Am. J. Pathol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 153 IS 5 MA ID12 BP 1658 EP 1658 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 135ME UT WOS:000076805100096 ER PT J AU Kaneko, H Kaunitz, J Tache, Y AF Kaneko, H Kaunitz, J Tache, Y TI Vagal mechanisms underlying gastric protection induced by chemical activation of raphe pallidus in rats SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE capsaicin; calcitonin gene-related peptide antagonist; gastric mucosal blood flow; gastric acid; N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester; nitric oxide; kainic acid; gastric lesions by ethanol ID GENE-RELATED PEPTIDE; THYROTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; DORSAL MOTOR NUCLEUS; NITRIC-OXIDE; BLOOD-FLOW; CAPSAICIN; NEURONS; TRH; MICROCIRCULATION; CYTOPROTECTION AB Peripheral mechanisms involved in kainic acid injected into the raphe pallidus (Rpa)-induced gastric protection were investigated in urethan-anesthetized rats. Gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF), acid secretion, and gastric injury induced by intragastric ethanol (60%) were measured in response to kainic acid (25 pg) injected into the Rpa. Kainic acid reduced ethanol-induced gastric lesions by 57%. The protective effect was blocked by vagotomy, capsaicin deafferentation, and intravenous injection of the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonist CGRP-(8-37) and N-G-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). L- but not D-arginine reversed the L-NAME action. Kainic acid injected into the Rpa, unlike outside sites, increased basal GMBF but not acid secretion. Indomethacin unmasked an acid secretory response to kainic acid. These results show that kainic acid injected into the Rpa at a dose that did not stimulate acid secretion, due to the inhibitory effect of prostaglandins, protects against ethanol-induced gastric injury through vagal-dependent activation of CGRP contained in capsaicin-sensitive afferents and nitric oxide-mediated gastric vasodilatory mechanisms. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Digest Dis Div,Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Brain Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Tache, Y (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, CURE, Digest Dis Res Ctr, Digest Dis Div,Dept Med, Bldg 115,Rm 203,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-30110]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH-00663] NR 33 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0193-1857 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-GASTR L JI Am. J. Physiol.-Gastroint. Liver Physiol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 275 IS 5 BP G1056 EP G1062 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Physiology GA 136JQ UT WOS:000076856000025 PM 9815036 ER PT J AU Wirshing, DA Wirshing, WC Marder, SR Liberman, RP Mintz, J AF Wirshing, DA Wirshing, WC Marder, SR Liberman, RP Mintz, J TI Informed consent: Assessment of comprehension SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 149th Annual Meeting of the American-Psychiatric-Association CY MAY 04-09, 1996 CL NEW YORK, NEW YORK SP Amer Psychiat Assoc ID SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS; MEDICATION AB Objective: The authors designed and evaluated a structured and rigorous informed consent procedure involving subjects with schizophrenia. Method: Informed consent forms were read and explained to 49 schizophrenic patients participating in ongoing clinical treatment research trials. The subjects answered a questionnaire relating to each research protocol. Protocol procedures were reiterated until the patients answered 100% of the questions correctly. Subjects were asked the same questions 7 days later to ascertain how much of the information they had retained. Results: The patients' median score on the first trial of the informed consent questionnaire was 80% correct. To achieve 100% correct responses, 53% of the patients required a second trial of the questionnaire, and 37% of them required three or more trials. Scores improved between the first trial and the trial on day 7. Ninety-six percent of the subjects felt adequately informed, 66% reported participating in the research protocol for personal reasons, and 34% reported participating at the suggestion of others. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that when adequate informed consent procedures are established, schizophrenic research subjects are able to understand and retain critical components of informed consent information. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Wirshing, DA (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, 11301 Wilshire Blvd,Bldg 210,Room 15, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 12 TC 127 Z9 130 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 155 IS 11 BP 1508 EP 1511 PG 4 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 135DQ UT WOS:000076786000008 PM 9812110 ER PT J AU Kim, FS Bishop, MJ AF Kim, FS Bishop, MJ TI Cough during emergence from isoflurane anesthesia SO ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA LA English DT Article ID ASTHMATIC SUBJECTS; BRONCHODILATORS; INTUBATION AB We evaluated the effects of smoking history and albuterol treatment on the amplitude and frequency of cough during emergence from anesthesia. Before induction of anesthesia, 68 patients were randomized to receive two puffs of a placebo or two puffs of albuterol via a metered dose inhaler. Anesthesia was then induced with thiopental, fentanyl, and succinylcholine. The patients' tracheas were intubated with an 8.0 mm-endotracheal tube, and isoflurane administration was initiated. At the end of surgery, isoflurane was discontinued, and the pressure in the endotracheal tube cuff was monitored via the pilot balloon while the end-tidal isoflurane concentration was recorded. Of the 68 patients, 52 coughed before responding to command, but the incidence did not differ between smokers and nonsmokers (33 of 43 vs 19 of 25), nor did it differ between albuterol-treated and untreated patients. There was no difference in the frequency or amplitude of coughs between smokers and nonsmokers, nor did albuterol affect either variable. The mean end-tidal concentration at which cough first occurred was 0.30% +/- 0.02%, and only 5% of patients coughed at values >0.6%. We conclude that 1) cough is frequent during emergence; 2) smoking does not affect emergence cough; 3) albuterol treatment does not affect emergence cough; and 4) patients are unlikely to cough at end-tidal values of isoflurane >0.6%. Implications: Most patients cough as they awaken from general anesthesia given via an endotracheal tube. In our study population, cough was frequent but generally did not occur until the end-tidal concentration of isoflurane was <0.6%. Smokers were no more likely to cough than nonsmokers, and the P-adrenergic agonist albuterol did not prevent cough. C1 Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Anesthesiol, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. Kangnam St Marys Hosp, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Bishop, MJ (reprint author), Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst, Dept Anesthesiol, 112A,1660 S Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108 USA. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-2999 J9 ANESTH ANALG JI Anesth. Analg. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 87 IS 5 BP 1170 EP 1174 PG 5 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 133NH UT WOS:000076692300036 PM 9806703 ER PT J AU Mangano, DT AF Mangano, DT TI Predicting long-term postoperative cardiovascular outcomes - In reply SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 MCSPI Res Grp, San Francisco, CA USA. San Francisco Vet Affairs Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. RP Mangano, DT (reprint author), MCSPI Res Grp, San Francisco, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD NOV PY 1998 VL 89 IS 5 BP 1288 EP 1288 DI 10.1097/00000542-199811000-00051 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 137AN UT WOS:000076891400050 ER PT J AU Graybill, JR Montalbo, E Kirkpatrick, WR Luther, MF Revankar, SG Patterson, TF AF Graybill, JR Montalbo, E Kirkpatrick, WR Luther, MF Revankar, SG Patterson, TF TI Fluconazole versus Candida albicans: A complex relationship SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ORAL CAVITIES; OROPHARYNGEAL CANDIDIASIS; ANTIFUNGAL AGENTS; AIDS PATIENTS; IN-VITRO; RESISTANCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; ITRACONAZOLE; CELLS AB A murine model of systemic candidiasis was used to assess the virulence of serial Candida albicans strains for which fluconazole MICs sere increasing. Serial isolates from five patients with 17 episodes of oropharyngeal candidiasis were evaluated. The MICs for these isolates exhibited at least an eightfold progressive increase from susceptible (MIC < 8 mu g/ml; range, 0.25 to 4 mu g/ml) to resistant (MIC greater than or equal to 16 mu g/ml; range, 16 to greater than or equal to 128 mu g/ml). Virulence of the serial isolates from three of five patients showed a more than fivefold progressive decrease in the dose accounting for 50% mortality and was associated with development of fluconazole resistance. Low doses of fluconazole prolonged survival of mice infected with susceptible yeasts but failed to prolong survival following challenge with a resistant strain. In addition, a decreased burden of renal infection was noted in mice challenged with two of the three resistant strains. This was consistent with reduced virulence. Fluconazole did not further decrease the level of infection. In the isolates with a decrease in virulence, two exhibited overexpression of CDR, which encodes an ABC drug efflux pump. In contrast, serial isolates from the remaining two patients with the development of resistance did not demonstrate a change in virulence and fluconazole remained effective in prolonging survival, although significantly higher doses of fluconazole were required for efficacy, Resistant isolates from both of these patients exhibited overexpression of MDR, This study demonstrates that decreased virulence of serial C. albicans isolates is associated with increasing fluconazole MICs in some cases but not in others and shows that these low-virulence strains may not consistently cause infection. C1 Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Infect Dis Div 111F, Infect Dis Sect, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Graybill, JR (reprint author), Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp, Infect Dis Div 111F, Infect Dis Sect, 7400 Merton Minter Blvd, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [MO1-RR-10346]; NIDCR NIH HHS [5 RO1 DE11381, R01 DE011381] NR 21 TC 41 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 42 IS 11 BP 2938 EP 2942 PG 5 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 133NK UT WOS:000076692500027 PM 9797229 ER PT J AU Kleinman, MT Leaf, DA Kelly, E Caiozzo, V Osann, K O'Niell, T AF Kleinman, MT Leaf, DA Kelly, E Caiozzo, V Osann, K O'Niell, T TI Urban angina in the mountains: Effects of carbon monoxide and mild hypoxemia on subjects with chronic stable angina SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; ISCHEMIC HEART-DISEASE; EXERCISE PERFORMANCE; HIGH-ALTITUDE; EXPOSURE; CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN; LIPIDS AB Seventeen men with stable angina pectoris who resided at or near sea level performed cardiopulmonary exercise stress tests after they were exposed to either carbon monoxide (3.9%), carboxyhemoglobin, or clean air. Investigators conducted the tests at sea level, and they simulated 2.1-km altitudes (i.e., reduced arterial oxygen saturation by approximately 4%) in a randomized double-blind experiment in which each subject acted as his or her own control. The duration of symptom-limited exercise, heart rate, indicators of cardiac ischemia and arrhythmia, blood pressure, and respiratory gas exchange were measured. Analyses of variance showed that both independent variables-altitude and carbon monoxide-significantly (p less than or equal to .01) reduced total duration of exercise for the group as a whole (n = 17) and reduced the time to onset of angina for a subset of 13 subjects who experienced angina during ail four test conditions (p < .05). Time to onset of angina was reduced either after exposure to sea-level carbon monoxide (9%) or to simulated high-altitude clean-air exposures (11%), compared with clean air at sea level. joint exposure to carbon monoxide at a simulated high altitude reduced the time to onset of angina, relative to clean air, by 18% (p < .05). Other cardiological, hemodynamic, and respiratory physiological parameters were also affected adversely by altitude and carbon monoxide exposures. None of the parameters measured were associated significantly with either altitude or carbon monoxide, indicating that the effects of carbon-monoxide-induced and high-altitude-induced hypoxia were additive. The results of this study suggest that high-altitude conditions exacerbate the effects of carbon monoxide exposures in unacclimatized individuals who have coronary artery disease. C1 Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Community & Environm Med, Air Pollut Hlth Effects Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, UCI Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Gen Internal Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Physiol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. Univ Calif Irvine, Coll Med, Dept Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. RP Kleinman, MT (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Community & Environm Med, Air Pollut Hlth Effects Lab, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU HELDREF PUBLICATIONS PI WASHINGTON PA 1319 EIGHTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-1802 USA SN 0003-9896 J9 ARCH ENVIRON HEALTH JI Arch. Environ. Health PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 53 IS 6 BP 388 EP 397 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 153PD UT WOS:000077840700004 PM 9886157 ER PT J AU Liberman, RP Mintz, J AF Liberman, RP Mintz, J TI Reviving applied family intervention SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Letter ID SCHIZOPHRENIA; SKILLS; MANAGEMENT C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. RP Liberman, RP (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychiat, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD NOV PY 1998 VL 55 IS 11 BP 1047 EP 1048 DI 10.1001/archpsyc.55.11.1047 PG 2 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 134WA UT WOS:000076748200012 PM 9819074 ER PT J AU Oken, BS Storzbach, DM Kaye, JA AF Oken, BS Storzbach, DM Kaye, JA TI The efficacy of Ginkgo biloba on cognitive function in Alzheimer disease SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Review ID PLATELET-ACTIVATING-FACTOR; PRIMARY DEGENERATIVE DEMENTIA; FUTURE CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS; SPECIAL EXTRACT EGB-761; LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; DOUBLE-BLIND; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; BRAIN NEURONS AB Objective: To determine the effect of treatment with Ginkgo biloba extract on objective measures of cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) based on formal review of the current literature. Methods: An attempt was made to identify all English and non-English-language articles in which G biloba extract was given to subjects with dementia or cognitive impairment. Inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis were (1) sufficiently characterized patients such that it was clearly stated there was a diagnosis of AD by either Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition, or National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association criteria, or there was enough clinical detail to determine this by our review; (2) clearly stated study exclusion criteria, ie, those studies that did not have stated exclusions for depression, other neurologic disease, and central nervous system-active medications were excluded; (3) use of standardized ginkgo extract in any stated dose; (4) randomized, placebo-controlled and double-blind study design; (5) at least 1 outcome measure was an objective assessment of cognitive function; and (6) sufficient statistical information to allow for meta-analysis. Results: Of more than 50 articles identified, the overwhelming majority did not meet inclusion criteria, primarily because of lack of clear diagnoses of dementia and AD. Only 4 studies met all inclusion criteria. In total there were 212 subjects in each of the placebo and ginkgo treatment groups. Overall there was a significant effect size of 0.40 (P<.0001). This modest effect size translated into a 3% difference in the Alzheimer Disease Assessment Scale-cognitive subtest. Conclusions: Based on a quantitative analysis of the literature there is a small but significant effect of 3- to 6-month treatment with 120 to 240 mg of G biloba extract an objective measures of cognitive function in ED. The drug has not had significant adverse effects in formal clinical trials but there are 2 case reports of bleeding complications. In AD, there are limited and inconsistent data that preclude determining if there are effects on noncognitive behavioral and functional measures as well as on clinician's global rating scales. Further research in the area will need to determine if there are functional improvements and to determine the best dosage. Additional research will be needed to define which ingredients in the ginkgo extract are producing its effect in individuals with AD. C1 Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Ctr Res Occupat & Environm Toxicol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Portland Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Portland, OR USA. RP Oken, BS (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Sci Univ, Dept Neurol, CR120,3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd, Portland, OR 97201 USA. OI Kaye, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9971-3478 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG08017, AG15171] NR 92 TC 379 Z9 391 U1 2 U2 43 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 55 IS 11 BP 1409 EP 1415 DI 10.1001/archneur.55.11.1409 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 138QJ UT WOS:000076983500005 PM 9823823 ER PT J AU Hirakura, Y Satoh, Y Hirashima, N Suzuki, T Kagan, BL Kirino, Y AF Hirakura, Y Satoh, Y Hirashima, N Suzuki, T Kagan, BL Kirino, Y TI Membrane perturbation by the neurotoxic Alzheimer amyloid fragment beta 25-35 requires aggregation and beta-sheet formation SO BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE aggregation; Alzheimer; amyloid; beta-sheet; membrane; neurotoxicity; peptide channel ID PROTEIN; PEPTIDE; DISEASE; ALUMINUM; BILAYERS; NEURONS; INVITRO AB The beta-amyloid peptide (beta AP) is a major proteinaceous component of senile plaques and cerebrovascular amyloid deposits found in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease. beta AP is reported to be neurotoxic only when it forms beta-sheet structure and aggregates. In the present study, we report that the neurotoxic core of beta AP, beta AP-25-35 (beta 25-35), perturbs liposome membranes, induces membrane current, and exhibits hemolytic activity only in a buffer condition where the peptide forms beta-sheet structure and spontaneously aggregates. In contrast, beta 25-35 in its monomeric random coil structure does not perturb lipid membranes significantly, and exhibits no hemolytic activity. Also, the membrane current was inhibited by Congo Red. The ability of beta 25-35 to interact with membranes highly correlates with its neurotoxicity reported previously. These results suggest that membrane perturbation by aggregated beta 25-35 constitutes the molecular basis of the peptide's neurotoxicity. C1 Univ Tokyo, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Bunkyo Ku, Tokyo 113, Japan. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Neuropsychiat, Dept Psychiat & Biobehav Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Adm Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Hirakura, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Inst Neuropsychiat, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM yhirakura@mednet.ucla.edu RI Suzuki, Toshiharu/B-5342-2013 FU NIMH NIH HHS [MH01174] NR 25 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS AUST PI MARRICKVILLE PA LOCKED BAG 16, MARRICKVILLE, NSW 2204, AUSTRALIA SN 1039-9712 J9 BIOCHEM MOL BIOL INT JI Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 46 IS 4 BP 787 EP 794 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 143GQ UT WOS:000077247200017 PM 9844740 ER PT J AU Berdiev, BK Karlson, KH Jovov, B Ripoll, PJ Morris, R Loffing-Cueni, D Halpin, P Stanton, BA Kleyman, TR Ismailov, II AF Berdiev, BK Karlson, KH Jovov, B Ripoll, PJ Morris, R Loffing-Cueni, D Halpin, P Stanton, BA Kleyman, TR Ismailov, II TI Subunit stoichiometry of a core conduction element in a cloned epithelial amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RECTIFYING K+ CHANNELS; SODIUM-CHANNEL; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; MEMBRANE TOPOLOGY; ALPHA-SUBUNIT; EXPRESSION; IDENTIFICATION; CLONING; BLOCK; ENAC AB The molecular composition of a core conduction element formed by the cr-subunit of cloned epithelial Na+ channels (ENaC) was studied in planar lipid bilayers. Two pairs of in vitro translated proteins were employed in combinatorial experiments: 1) wild-type (WT) and an N-terminally truncated alpha(Delta N)-rENaC that displays accelerated kinetics (tau(o) = 32 +/- 13 ms, tau(c) = 42 +/- 11 ms), as compared with the WT channel (tau(c1) = 18 +/- 8 ms, tau(c2) = 252 +/- 31 ms, and tau(o) = 157 +/- 43 ms); and 2) WT and an amiloride binding mutant, alpha(Delta 278-283)-rENaC. The channels that formed in a alpha(WT):alpha(Delta N) mixture fell into two groups: one with tau(o) and tau(c) that corresponded to those exhibited by the alpha(Delta N)-rENaC alone, and another with a double-exponentially distributed closed time and a single-exponentially distributed open time that corresponded to the alpha(WT)-rENaC alone. Five channel subtypes with distinct sensitivities to amiloride were found in a 1 alpha(WT):1 alpha(Delta 278-283) protein mixture. Statistical analyses of the distributions of channel phenotypes observed for either set of the WT:mutant combinations suggest a tetrameric organization of alpha-subunits as a minimal model for the core conduction element in ENaCs. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Dartmouth Med Sch, Dept Physiol, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Dept Physiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Ismailov, II (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Rm 726,1918 Univ Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM ismailov@phybio.bhs.uab.edu FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 50268, DK 45881, DK 37206] NR 29 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 75 IS 5 BP 2292 EP 2301 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA 132PF UT WOS:000076638200019 PM 9788924 ER PT J AU Miller, PW Sharma, S Stolina, M Chen, K Zhu, L Paul, RW Dubinett, SM AF Miller, PW Sharma, S Stolina, M Chen, K Zhu, L Paul, RW Dubinett, SM TI Dendritic cells augment granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)/herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase-mediated gene therapy of lung cancer SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor; dendritic cell; lung cancer; gene therapy ID ANTITUMOR IMMUNITY; TUMOR-CELLS; ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; IN-VIVO; MURINE FIBROSARCOMA; DOWN-REGULATION; T-LYMPHOCYTES; EXPRESSION; IMMUNOTHERAPY; MICE AB Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, is resistant to most currently available therapies. To evaluate a multicomponent gene therapy approach that replaces tumor-bearing host immune deficits, we genetically modified Line 1 (L1C2), a weakly immunogenic alveolar cell carcinoma cell line. L1C2 was transduced Ex vivo with a retroviral construct that contained two components: a cytokine gene (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor) and a drug sensitivity gene (herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase). The third component of this therapy, in vitro-activated syngeneic bone marrow-derived dendritic cells, was included to augment antigen presentation. The addition of ganciclovir (GCV) caused the lysis of transduced tumor cells, resulting in the release of potential tumor antigens. Ex vivo-transduced tumor cells regressed in vivo following GCV therapy but were not Effective in the treatment of established parental tumors. To treat established tumors, dendritic cells were administered in combination with transduced tumor cells and GCV. A total of 50% of these mice rejected the 5-day-old established tumors and were immune to rechallenge with parental L1C2 cells. Thus, this multicomponent gene therapy system leads to both the regression of established tumors and enhanced immunogenicity in this weakly immunogenic murine lung cancer model. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med,Pulm Immunol Lab, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Targeted Genet, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. RP Miller, PW (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med,Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Mail Locat 111Q,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA71818]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL07014] NR 50 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 BP 380 EP 389 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 159JH UT WOS:000078168500007 PM 9917093 ER PT J AU Batra, RK Guttridge, DC Brenner, DA Baldwin, AS Dubinett, S Boucher, RC AF Batra, RK Guttridge, DC Brenner, DA Baldwin, AS Dubinett, S Boucher, RC TI I kappa B alpha gene transfer is cytotoxic to squamous cell lung cancer cells and sensitizes them to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-mediated cell death SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Univ N Carolina, Cyst Fibrosis Pulm Res & Treatment Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 SU S MA P65 BP S22 EP S22 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 159JM UT WOS:000078169000072 ER PT J AU Miller, PW Sharma, S Stolina, M Luo, J Dohadwala, M Lin, Y Batra, RK Butterfield, LH Economou, JS Dubinett, SM AF Miller, PW Sharma, S Stolina, M Luo, J Dohadwala, M Lin, Y Batra, RK Butterfield, LH Economou, JS Dubinett, SM TI Intratumoral administration of adenoviral interleukin-7 gene-modified dendritic cells augments specific, systemic antitumor immunity and tumor eradication SO CANCER GENE THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Jonsson Comprehens Canc Ctr, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 USA SN 0929-1903 J9 CANCER GENE THER JI Cancer Gene Ther. PD NOV-DEC PY 1998 VL 5 IS 6 SU S MA O4 BP S2 EP S2 PG 1 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 159JM UT WOS:000078169000005 ER PT J AU Koniaris, L Cutaia, M AF Koniaris, L Cutaia, M TI Initial steps toward consensus in the management of primary pulmonary hypertension SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; SCIENCE; TRIAL; CARE C1 Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm Dis, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Cutaia, M (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Pulm Dis, 3900 Univ & Woodland Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 1998 VL 114 IS 5 BP 1234 EP 1235 DI 10.1378/chest.114.5.1234 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 138YT UT WOS:000077001200004 PM 9823992 ER PT J AU Susanto, I Peters, JI Levine, SM Sako, EY Anzueto, A Bryan, CL AF Susanto, I Peters, JI Levine, SM Sako, EY Anzueto, A Bryan, CL TI Use of balloon-expandable metallic stents in the management of bronchial stenosis and bronchomalacia after lung transplantation SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE bronchial stenosis; bronchomalacia; lung transplant; stent ID AIRWAY STENTS; COMPLICATIONS AB Study objectives: Bronchial stenosis (BS) and bronchomalacia (BM) are often associated with lung allograft rejection or infection in lung transplant (LT) recipients. We reviewed our experience using balloon-expandable metallic (Palmaz) stents in the management of BS and BM in LT, Design: Retrospective review of cases. Patients: LT recipients with bronchoscopic and spirometric evidence of BS and BM. Interventions: Serial balloon dilation was performed for BS, Stent placement was done for refractory or recurrent BS, or persistent focal BM, Results: Twelve of 129 LT bronchial anastomoses at risk (9.3%) had complications, which included 11 BS and 5 BM. Four BS were accompanied by BM either concurrently or subsequently. The only isolated BM was associated with acute rejection and resolved after appropriate medical therapy. Balloon dilations alone were successful in relieving BS in three cases. Seven patients received a total of II stents, Stents were placed under conscious sedation using a flexible bronchoscope, Five of the seven patients had spirometric improvements after stent placements. One patient had no spirometric improvement, and another died before a follow-up study was done. There were no complications during stent placements. However, complications after stent placements included partial dehiscence of the stent from the bronchial wall, stent migration, partial obstruction of a segmental bronchial orifice by a stent in the main bronchus, and longitudinal stent collapse, One stent was successfully removed using a flexible bronchoscope in the endoscopy suite, and two others were removed by rigid bronchoscopy in the operating room. Conclusions: Endobronchial placement of the Palmaz stent in LT recipients is relatively easy, and it can be removed if needed. However, because there are significant potential complications, the future use of this stent as an airway prosthesis in LT remains unclear. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pulm Dis Crit Care Med, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Cardiothorac Surg, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Audie L Murphy Mem Vet Hosp Div, S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Susanto, I (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Pulm Dis Crit Care Med, Dept Med, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. NR 14 TC 46 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD NOV PY 1998 VL 114 IS 5 BP 1330 EP 1335 DI 10.1378/chest.114.5.1330 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 138YT UT WOS:000077001200022 PM 9824010 ER PT J AU Nimmagadda, AP Burri, BJ Neidlinger, T O'Brien, WA Goetz, MB AF Nimmagadda, AP Burri, BJ Neidlinger, T O'Brien, WA Goetz, MB TI Effect of oral beta-carotene supplementation on plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA levels and CD4(+) cell counts in HIV-infected patients SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MICRONUTRIENT INTAKE; AIDS AB We conducted a pilot, open-label study to assess the effect of short-term beta-carotene administration (180 mg/d with meals for 4 weeks) on the plasma human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA levels and CD4(+) lymphocyte counts in 21 HIV-infected patients. We found that plasma HIV RNA levels and CD4(+) lymphocyte counts did not change following this short course of beta-carotene supplementation. Patients with lower serum concentrations of beta-carotene before supplementation were no more likely to have an increase in their CD4(+) lymphocyte count or plasma HIV RNA copy number than were those with higher concentrations. No correlation was found between pre- or postsupplementation beta-carotene or vitamin A concentrations and pre- or postsupplementation CD4(+) lymphocyte counts or plasma HIV RNA titers. This study provides no support for beta-carotene supplementation for HIV-infected subjects with normal baseline serum levels of beta-carotene and vitamin A. C1 W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. USDA ARS, Western Human Nutr Res Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94129 USA. RP Goetz, MB (reprint author), W Los Angeles Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, 111F,11301 Wilshire Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90073 USA. NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5801 S ELLIS AVENUE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 27 IS 5 BP 1311 EP 1313 DI 10.1086/514990 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 137YQ UT WOS:000076945000033 PM 9827288 ER PT J AU Mahoney, JE AF Mahoney, JE TI Immobility and falls SO CLINICS IN GERIATRIC MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID PROLONGED BED REST; HOSPITALIZED ELDERLY PATIENTS; ACUTE MEDICAL ILLNESS; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RISK-FACTORS; RANDOMIZED TRIAL; OLDER PATIENTS; INPATIENT ACCIDENTS; FUNCTIONAL OUTCOMES AB Immobility is a common problem for hospitalized older adults. Excessive bed rest results in multiple adverse physiologic consequences and may contribute to functional decline and increased risk for falls in the hospital setting. About 2% of hospitalized older adults fall during hospitalization. Risk factors for in-hospital falls includes cognitive impairment, mobility impairment, specific diagnoses, multiple comorbidities, and psychotropic medications. Appropriate actions to prevent immobility and falls include increasing exercise and activity levels, improving the hospital environment, and decreasing the use of psychotropic medications. Bed alarms and increased supervision for high-risk patients also may help prevent falls. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med, Dept Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Mahoney, JE (reprint author), William S Middleton Mem Vet Hosp, GRECC, 2500 Overlook Terrace, Madison, WI 53705 USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [1-K08-AG00623-01] NR 170 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 10 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-0690 J9 CLIN GERIATR MED JI Clin. Geriatr. Med. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 14 IS 4 BP 699 EP + PG 30 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 144CK UT WOS:000077296000004 PM 9799475 ER PT J AU Reilly, RF Anderson, RJ AF Reilly, RF Anderson, RJ TI Interpreting the anion gap SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material DE anion gap; hypoalbuminemia; acid-base disorders; electrolytes ID ACID-BASE; DISORDERS C1 Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Denver, CO 80220 USA. RP Reilly, RF (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 111-C,1055 Clermont St, Denver, CO 80220 USA. NR 9 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD NOV PY 1998 VL 26 IS 11 BP 1771 EP 1772 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 138XV UT WOS:000076999100003 PM 9824056 ER EF